Wikibooks:Requests for undeletion

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== [[Character Encodings]] ==
*I didn't see the deletion discussion, as the latest author of this wikibook. &lt;s&gt;I want to know what work could be done to fix this, if it was restored.&lt;/s&gt; I see that it needs content outside of code tables for it to be valid- if restored, I will add pages for MS-DOS, HP, and EBCDIC. What else needs to be done? If restoring is impossible, I at least want to view it.[[User:Alexlatham96|Alexlatham96]] ([[User talk:Alexlatham96|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Alexlatham96|contribs]]) 21:37, 9 March 2026 (UTC)

**Maybe this can be merged into [[Introduction to Computer Information Systems]] or something similar. [[User:Alexlatham96|Alexlatham96]] ([[User talk:Alexlatham96|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Alexlatham96|contribs]]) 21:44, 9 March 2026 (UTC)
**:Hi, [[User:Alexlatham96|Alexlatham96]]. I closed a [[Special:Diff/4622001|recent deletion discussion]] about the book, because: {{tq|Was never fleshed out into a proper book and consists only of code tables}}. I'll ping @[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] here if they have a second opinion, and because they created the discussion (that never had any participation). There were hundreds of pages in this book that will take some time to restore. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0024FF&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 00:32, 10 March 2026 (UTC)
**::Chiming in here to elaborate on my reasoning! Per [[WB:WIW]], {{tq|as a general rule, only instructional books are suitable for inclusion. Non-fictional books (as well as fictional ones) that aren't instructional aren't allowed on Wikibooks}}. Examples of nonfictional books that aren't instructional/allowed include reference works like dictionaries, which are only really allowed as part of larger instructional books and not on their own. Based on the contents I saw here, the content was solely reference materials and not instructional materials. I see no problem with consolidating and migrating the content to something like a useful appendix as part of another book. Cheers —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 18:15, 11 March 2026 (UTC)
**:::Note that these pages were created as transwiki back in late 2024 from Wikipedia (and they were deleted afterwards), and since these were deleted now from WikiBooks, they're no longer visible (also, they're still deleted from Wikipedia). However, &quot;Wayback Machine&quot; seems to have a copy of it, but it may not be complete.
**:::If a restoration here isn't possible, what should be done instead?
**:::[[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-15548-70|&amp;#126;2026-15548-70]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-15548-70|talk]]) 19:03, 11 March 2026 (UTC)
**::::This was actually created in an earlier transwiki from Wikipedia (there were two)&lt;s&gt;-&lt;/s&gt; the first being in July 2020. I support the proposal to make it an appendix to Introduction to Computer Information Systems or something similar.[[User:Alexlatham96|Alexlatham96]] ([[User talk:Alexlatham96|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Alexlatham96|contribs]]) 20:15, 11 March 2026 (UTC)
**:::::{{ping|Alexlatham96}} which pages would you want to be undeleted? I can help. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0024FF&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 22:19, 11 March 2026 (UTC)
**::::::Let's start with the MS-DOS (code page numbers 3846 and lower) and HP code tables section, because these were the most recently transwikied (people will be especially looking for code pages 775, 852, 855, 857, and 860). Once this is done, we can do the EBCDIC code tables, which were also transwikied (and I finished adding what was planned for Wikipedia).[[User:Alexlatham96|Alexlatham96]] ([[User talk:Alexlatham96|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Alexlatham96|contribs]]) 00:17, 12 March 2026 (UTC)
**:::::::I've undeleted all HP code table sections, and to clarify, do you want ALL MS-DOS sections lower than 3846 (including undeleting those in the 100-700 range) to be undeleted? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0024FF&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 00:31, 12 March 2026 (UTC)
**::::::::Yes, including 3846. [[User:Alexlatham96|Alexlatham96]] ([[User talk:Alexlatham96|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Alexlatham96|contribs]]) 00:55, 12 March 2026 (UTC)
**:::::::::{{done|All done}}. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0024FF&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 02:29, 12 March 2026 (UTC)
**::::::::::Great. Let me know when you have time to undelete the EBCDIC section- people will be looking for code pages 37, 500, 875, and 1026 especially.[[User:Alexlatham96|Alexlatham96]] ([[User talk:Alexlatham96|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Alexlatham96|contribs]]) 22:10, 12 March 2026 (UTC)
**::::::::::Update: also the two in the ISO section- these are standards.[[User:Alexlatham96|Alexlatham96]] ([[User talk:Alexlatham96|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Alexlatham96|contribs]]) 06:29, 14 March 2026 (UTC)
***Thank you. I also see that the old administrator is inactive, and never found out about this. There &lt;s&gt;will&lt;/s&gt; may have to be a new administrator other than me, since I am not one on Wikipedia or Wikibooks. &lt;s&gt;Does another user with knowledge of the topic like Drmccreedy or HarJIT have admin powers?&lt;/s&gt;[[User:Alexlatham96|Alexlatham96]] ([[User talk:Alexlatham96|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Alexlatham96|contribs]]) 03:34, 10 March 2026 (UTC)
***Update: I found out they do not have admin rights, but can still do non-admin tasks. The authors of Unicode's legacy encoding proposals (latest being L2-26/077) could also help out if they're active here.[[User:Alexlatham96|Alexlatham96]] ([[User talk:Alexlatham96|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Alexlatham96|contribs]]) 03:55, 10 March 2026 (UTC)
* @[[User:Alexlatham96|Alexlatham96]], [[Character Encodings]] and its subpages are all now restored. I apologize for the huge delay; thank you for your patience. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 14:56, 2 October 2026 (UTC)
** Thank you!!! Adding descriptions to pages.[[User:Alexlatham96|Alexlatham96]] ([[User talk:Alexlatham96|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Alexlatham96|contribs]]) 01:45, 5 October 2026 (UTC)
***Started the Glossary. [[Talk:Character Encodings/Code Tables]] has still not been restored yet. [[User:Alexlatham96|Alexlatham96]] ([[User talk:Alexlatham96|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Alexlatham96|contribs]]) 02:05, 5 October 2026 (UTC)
***:{{done}} ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 02:11, 5 October 2026 (UTC)
****Two more missing: [[Talk:Character Encodings/Code Tables/EBCDIC]] and [[Talk:Character Encodings/Code Tables/ISO]]. [[User:Alexlatham96|Alexlatham96]] ([[User talk:Alexlatham96|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Alexlatham96|contribs]]) 15:53, 11 October 2026 (UTC)
****: {{done|Restored}}. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 16:01, 11 October 2026 (UTC)

== Markdown ==
The page [[Markdown]] was short but pretty sweet. It showed Markdown features by example and contained decent external links. He who would want to expand the page had the option. I find the page to be a minimum useful product/artifact, to be ideally restored. For reference, [https://web.archive.org/web/20250427011600/https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Markdown the page in Wayback Machine]. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 15:36, 5 May 2026 (UTC)
: {{courtesy ping}} to [[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] who marked the page for speedy deletion. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0024FF&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 19:00, 5 May 2026 (UTC)
::@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]] thank you! I think for me this relates to recent on-wiki discussions we've been having in the sense that I don't think it makes sense to host any content that could theoretically be improved by someone at some time in the future. Even if the content is valid (which it seems to be!), the work is not set up to be book-like, I don't think it's in scope here, and I can't see someone coming around and turning it into a book within a reasonable time frame. Does this help? —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 12:42, 8 May 2026 (UTC)
::: {{courtesy ping}} to [[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]]. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0024FF&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 16:28, 8 May 2026 (UTC)
::: {{Ping|Kittycataclysm}} The content is not book-like, but I do not recall this having been a requirement in Wikibooks (despite the name). If there is a requirement that the content should be book-like, it should be made into a policy. I created other pages that were instructional with no chance of being book-like in the past. Some examples of non-book-like pages include [[less]], [[grep]] and [[sed]].
::: The content is minimum useful artifact for the head and is instructional.
::: Either way, can you please at least restore the content in my user space? --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:15, 18 May 2026 (UTC)
::::@[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] language in policy does refer to Wikibooks content as book-like. For example, per [[WB:WIW]]:
::::* {{tq|&quot;The site should primarily be used for developing textbooks, textbook-like books, and supporting book-based instructional materials&quot;}}
::::* {{tq|&quot;As a general rule, only instructional books are suitable for inclusion&quot;}}
::::* {{tq|&quot;Wikibooks includes both minor and major book-like projects&quot;}}
::::For other admins: if I am missing something obvious, please let me know. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 00:43, 20 May 2026 (UTC)
::::: {{Ping|Kittycataclysm}} Thank you. I note: 1) it says &quot;primarily&quot;, which means &quot;not exclusively&quot;; 2) &quot;instructional materials&quot; is much broader than books.
::::: Moreover, I checked [https://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Wikibooks:What_is_Wikibooks%3F&amp;oldid=3797401 2021 version] of the policy and did not find the text you are quoting. When was the text introduced, by what process and who approved the text? --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 04:25, 20 May 2026 (UTC)
::::: Part of the answer lies in [https://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Wikibooks:What_is_Wikibooks%3F&amp;diff=prev&amp;oldid=4377929 this edit] of yours from 9 March 2024, which does not trace to a discussion or a vote, but traces to [[Wikibooks:Policies and guidelines]]. However, [[Wikibooks:Policies and guidelines]] is not marked as a policy.
::::: Be it as it may, it does not answer my question: where is the evidence of consensus for the changes, minimally in the form of a discussion, and ideally in the form of a request for comments or a vote?
::::: Let me also ask from the point of view of examining other examples that I already brought up: is it your view that [[less]], [[sed]] and [[grep]] should be deleted as non-books, too short to be considered books?
::::: Let me also ask about the ''process'': why was RFD not used and instead speedy was used? From what I recall, Wikibooks used to delete subpar content via RFD, including all those outlines with no content proper. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 04:41, 20 May 2026 (UTC)
::::::@[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]]
::::::# That's a good catch about the March 9 edit—I can't recall why I made that decision, but I think you're right that moving text from a non-policy page to a policy page without discussion is not appropriate. My understanding is that the general sentiment is still correct, but we'll need more community discussion to officially integrate it into policy.
::::::# Regarding the other examples you listed: assuming the book-like requirement is the community consensus, I don't think they can stand on their own, but it might be possible to turn them into a more cohesive book.
::::::# Regarding the process, I flagged for speedy deletion because I was on the fence about whether it was a speedy or an RFD—in these cases, I usually flag for another admin to review instead of making the deletion myself.
::::::Since this is getting more into community consensus territory, I am looping in other active users and admins to weigh in @[[User:Atcovi|Atcovi]] @[[User:Leaderboard|Leaderboard]] @[[User:Xania|Xania]] @[[User:MarcGarver|MarcGarver]] @[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] @[[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] @[[User:JJPMaster|JJPMaster]]. Cheers —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 13:04, 20 May 2026 (UTC)
::::::: @Kittycataclysm: Thank you for this response. And let me also thank you for your clean-up effort at Wikibooks; hardly anyone wants to do that and you seem to be doing quite a lot of it. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 13:56, 20 May 2026 (UTC)
:::::::Wikibooks has never been heavy on written policies and tends to operate in line with what the current active community thinks is right. This isn't unusual, many small projects work like that. So getting hung up on who edited a policy and whether it was approved isn't really important - there have been many proposals put forward to amend WIW, and you need to search to find them as they are buried in different talk pages and project pages - what's important is what the community wants to do now. For what it is worth it is pretty clear from its very inception that the intention of Wikibooks was to host textbooks (see [[m:Talk:Science_Hypertextbook_project]]). That doesn't preclude the community from changing its mind, now or in the future. [[User:MarcGarver|MarcGarver]] ([[User talk:MarcGarver|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MarcGarver|contribs]]) 15:23, 20 May 2026 (UTC)
:::::::: 1) This use of the word &quot;community&quot; (instead of e.g. &quot;editors&quot;) is a huge red flag. 2) The above attitude allows for a manipulation of the project, especially by people who are more interested in exercising their power than contributing any useful content. If there really is a consensus of the &quot;current active community&quot; (whatever that is supposed to mean), that current community should not have any difficulty passing it through a request for comment or a vote. From my experience, projects that disregard policies start to get controlled by bad actors, often actors who do not have the skill to do any content work so they natually tend toward mere administrators (also known by Steve Jobs as bozos). --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 07:06, 23 May 2026 (UTC)
:::::::My thoughts are mostly with Marc's and Leaderboard's here. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 22:57, 20 May 2026 (UTC)
::::::::+1 —[[User:Atcovi|Atcovi]] [[User talk:Atcovi|(Talk]] - [[Special:Contributions/Atcovi|Contribs)]] 17:32, 23 May 2026 (UTC)
:I think the book does not qualify in its current state (but as a draft, wouldn't have qualified for deletion either). Markdown is indeed a language without a lot to write; however, I think the book is too small as written. The fact that it's only a single page is fine. [[User:Leaderboard|Leaderboard]] ([[User talk:Leaderboard|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Leaderboard|contribs]]) 13:08, 20 May 2026 (UTC)
:: But ''why'' does it not qualify, given it shows the most important features of Markup by example? (It is not a book and probably never will be. It is too short for that and will be too short, even if expanded.) --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 13:14, 20 May 2026 (UTC)
:::It's too brief in my opinion. A Wikibook tends to have significantly more detail, even if it's just one page. I think the book can absolutely be expanded in a form that will allow it to stay here. [[User:Leaderboard|Leaderboard]] ([[User talk:Leaderboard|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Leaderboard|contribs]]) 14:15, 20 May 2026 (UTC)
:::: Brief for what purpose or objective? As a user of Markdown, I want to know the answer to the following questions: 1) What is the core syntax of Markdown (so that I can use it productively)? 2) What are some of the best external sources about Markdown? I provided an answer to both questions. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 07:21, 23 May 2026 (UTC)

== [[Template:Message box]] ==
There are currently [[Special:WhatLinksHere/Template:Message box|128 pages linking to this template]] which are currently displaying error messages instead of the intended text. Even if there is a module which implements some of the technical functionality previously used by this template, a template is still needed to simplfiy the process of invoking that module - even if it just expands to &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#invoke:Message box}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 19:09, 9 October 2026 (UTC)

== Pages related to citations ==
* [[Doi (identifier)]]
* [[PMID (identifier)]]
* [[ISSN (identifier)]]
* [[PMC (identifier)]]

These pages are all linked automatically by citation templates like {{tl|Cite journal}}. I understand that their content is out of scope for Wikibooks, but we're still linking to them - either they should exist, or we should modify the citation module to not link to them. Having them exist as soft redirects seems like the easier solution. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 19:14, 9 October 2026 (UTC)

:Immediate solution is soft redirects, longer-term solution is removal from the template or at the very least, turning them into links to Wikipedia articles directly. I actually tried to resolve this when I first became an admin, but deciphering how to get these links out of the modules was too tricky for my smooth brain. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 20:33, 9 October 2026 (UTC)

== [[User:Ottawahitech/American politics]] ==
Please undelete. Thanks in advance, [[Special:Contributions/~2026-40500-29|~2026-40500-29]] ([[User talk:~2026-40500-29|talk]]) 19:00, 11 October 2026 (UTC)
: I do not see any reasoning on why this user subpage should be undeleted. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 15:36, 12 October 2026 (UTC)

== Restore page please ==
Can admin please restore user:ottawahitech/comedy /satire to my current user space?

thanks in advance, [[Special:Contributions/~2026-56766-53|~2026-56766-53]] ([[User talk:~2026-56766-53|talk]]) 18:33, 25 October 2026 (UTC)

:@[[User:~2026-56766-53|~2026-56766-53]]: This page does not appear to have ever existed. Did you mean [[User:Ottawahitech/standup comedy]]? If so, to quote Codename above, I do not see any reasoning on why this user subpage should be undeleted. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 23:35, 25 October 2026 (UTC)
:This is really simple. The user space of registered accounts is for their use. Your behaviour in asserting that you are the operator of a registered account while not using it is becoming disruptive and you may well end up blocked if it continues. [[User:MarcGarver|MarcGarver]] ([[User talk:MarcGarver|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MarcGarver|contribs]]) 11:08, 26 October 2026 (UTC)

== [[Robin Hobb]] ==
This page was deleted in 2009 as &quot;copyright violation&quot;, but - based on what I see on the Internet Archive - the volume of quotes was not unreasonable given the amount of material it was drawing from (twelve full-length novels). I'd like to have the page recreated so that I can improve and update it. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 01:10, 5 November 2026 (UTC)</text>
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== [[Character Encodings]] ==
*I didn't see the deletion discussion, as the latest author of this wikibook. &lt;s&gt;I want to know what work could be done to fix this, if it was restored.&lt;/s&gt; I see that it needs content outside of code tables for it to be valid- if restored, I will add pages for MS-DOS, HP, and EBCDIC. What else needs to be done? If restoring is impossible, I at least want to view it.[[User:Alexlatham96|Alexlatham96]] ([[User talk:Alexlatham96|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Alexlatham96|contribs]]) 21:37, 9 March 2026 (UTC)

**Maybe this can be merged into [[Introduction to Computer Information Systems]] or something similar. [[User:Alexlatham96|Alexlatham96]] ([[User talk:Alexlatham96|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Alexlatham96|contribs]]) 21:44, 9 March 2026 (UTC)
**:Hi, [[User:Alexlatham96|Alexlatham96]]. I closed a [[Special:Diff/4622001|recent deletion discussion]] about the book, because: {{tq|Was never fleshed out into a proper book and consists only of code tables}}. I'll ping @[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] here if they have a second opinion, and because they created the discussion (that never had any participation). There were hundreds of pages in this book that will take some time to restore. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0024FF&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 00:32, 10 March 2026 (UTC)
**::Chiming in here to elaborate on my reasoning! Per [[WB:WIW]], {{tq|as a general rule, only instructional books are suitable for inclusion. Non-fictional books (as well as fictional ones) that aren't instructional aren't allowed on Wikibooks}}. Examples of nonfictional books that aren't instructional/allowed include reference works like dictionaries, which are only really allowed as part of larger instructional books and not on their own. Based on the contents I saw here, the content was solely reference materials and not instructional materials. I see no problem with consolidating and migrating the content to something like a useful appendix as part of another book. Cheers —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 18:15, 11 March 2026 (UTC)
**:::Note that these pages were created as transwiki back in late 2024 from Wikipedia (and they were deleted afterwards), and since these were deleted now from WikiBooks, they're no longer visible (also, they're still deleted from Wikipedia). However, &quot;Wayback Machine&quot; seems to have a copy of it, but it may not be complete.
**:::If a restoration here isn't possible, what should be done instead?
**:::[[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-15548-70|&amp;#126;2026-15548-70]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-15548-70|talk]]) 19:03, 11 March 2026 (UTC)
**::::This was actually created in an earlier transwiki from Wikipedia (there were two)&lt;s&gt;-&lt;/s&gt; the first being in July 2020. I support the proposal to make it an appendix to Introduction to Computer Information Systems or something similar.[[User:Alexlatham96|Alexlatham96]] ([[User talk:Alexlatham96|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Alexlatham96|contribs]]) 20:15, 11 March 2026 (UTC)
**:::::{{ping|Alexlatham96}} which pages would you want to be undeleted? I can help. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0024FF&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 22:19, 11 March 2026 (UTC)
**::::::Let's start with the MS-DOS (code page numbers 3846 and lower) and HP code tables section, because these were the most recently transwikied (people will be especially looking for code pages 775, 852, 855, 857, and 860). Once this is done, we can do the EBCDIC code tables, which were also transwikied (and I finished adding what was planned for Wikipedia).[[User:Alexlatham96|Alexlatham96]] ([[User talk:Alexlatham96|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Alexlatham96|contribs]]) 00:17, 12 March 2026 (UTC)
**:::::::I've undeleted all HP code table sections, and to clarify, do you want ALL MS-DOS sections lower than 3846 (including undeleting those in the 100-700 range) to be undeleted? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0024FF&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 00:31, 12 March 2026 (UTC)
**::::::::Yes, including 3846. [[User:Alexlatham96|Alexlatham96]] ([[User talk:Alexlatham96|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Alexlatham96|contribs]]) 00:55, 12 March 2026 (UTC)
**:::::::::{{done|All done}}. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0024FF&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 02:29, 12 March 2026 (UTC)
**::::::::::Great. Let me know when you have time to undelete the EBCDIC section- people will be looking for code pages 37, 500, 875, and 1026 especially.[[User:Alexlatham96|Alexlatham96]] ([[User talk:Alexlatham96|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Alexlatham96|contribs]]) 22:10, 12 March 2026 (UTC)
**::::::::::Update: also the two in the ISO section- these are standards.[[User:Alexlatham96|Alexlatham96]] ([[User talk:Alexlatham96|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Alexlatham96|contribs]]) 06:29, 14 March 2026 (UTC)
***Thank you. I also see that the old administrator is inactive, and never found out about this. There &lt;s&gt;will&lt;/s&gt; may have to be a new administrator other than me, since I am not one on Wikipedia or Wikibooks. &lt;s&gt;Does another user with knowledge of the topic like Drmccreedy or HarJIT have admin powers?&lt;/s&gt;[[User:Alexlatham96|Alexlatham96]] ([[User talk:Alexlatham96|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Alexlatham96|contribs]]) 03:34, 10 March 2026 (UTC)
***Update: I found out they do not have admin rights, but can still do non-admin tasks. The authors of Unicode's legacy encoding proposals (latest being L2-26/077) could also help out if they're active here.[[User:Alexlatham96|Alexlatham96]] ([[User talk:Alexlatham96|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Alexlatham96|contribs]]) 03:55, 10 March 2026 (UTC)
* @[[User:Alexlatham96|Alexlatham96]], [[Character Encodings]] and its subpages are all now restored. I apologize for the huge delay; thank you for your patience. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 14:56, 2 October 2026 (UTC)
** Thank you!!! Adding descriptions to pages.[[User:Alexlatham96|Alexlatham96]] ([[User talk:Alexlatham96|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Alexlatham96|contribs]]) 01:45, 5 October 2026 (UTC)
***Started the Glossary. [[Talk:Character Encodings/Code Tables]] has still not been restored yet. [[User:Alexlatham96|Alexlatham96]] ([[User talk:Alexlatham96|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Alexlatham96|contribs]]) 02:05, 5 October 2026 (UTC)
***:{{done}} ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 02:11, 5 October 2026 (UTC)
****Two more missing: [[Talk:Character Encodings/Code Tables/EBCDIC]] and [[Talk:Character Encodings/Code Tables/ISO]]. [[User:Alexlatham96|Alexlatham96]] ([[User talk:Alexlatham96|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Alexlatham96|contribs]]) 15:53, 11 October 2026 (UTC)
****: {{done|Restored}}. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 16:01, 11 October 2026 (UTC)

== Markdown ==
The page [[Markdown]] was short but pretty sweet. It showed Markdown features by example and contained decent external links. He who would want to expand the page had the option. I find the page to be a minimum useful product/artifact, to be ideally restored. For reference, [https://web.archive.org/web/20250427011600/https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Markdown the page in Wayback Machine]. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 15:36, 5 May 2026 (UTC)
: {{courtesy ping}} to [[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] who marked the page for speedy deletion. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0024FF&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 19:00, 5 May 2026 (UTC)
::@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]] thank you! I think for me this relates to recent on-wiki discussions we've been having in the sense that I don't think it makes sense to host any content that could theoretically be improved by someone at some time in the future. Even if the content is valid (which it seems to be!), the work is not set up to be book-like, I don't think it's in scope here, and I can't see someone coming around and turning it into a book within a reasonable time frame. Does this help? —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 12:42, 8 May 2026 (UTC)
::: {{courtesy ping}} to [[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]]. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0024FF&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 16:28, 8 May 2026 (UTC)
::: {{Ping|Kittycataclysm}} The content is not book-like, but I do not recall this having been a requirement in Wikibooks (despite the name). If there is a requirement that the content should be book-like, it should be made into a policy. I created other pages that were instructional with no chance of being book-like in the past. Some examples of non-book-like pages include [[less]], [[grep]] and [[sed]].
::: The content is minimum useful artifact for the head and is instructional.
::: Either way, can you please at least restore the content in my user space? --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 06:15, 18 May 2026 (UTC)
::::@[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] language in policy does refer to Wikibooks content as book-like. For example, per [[WB:WIW]]:
::::* {{tq|&quot;The site should primarily be used for developing textbooks, textbook-like books, and supporting book-based instructional materials&quot;}}
::::* {{tq|&quot;As a general rule, only instructional books are suitable for inclusion&quot;}}
::::* {{tq|&quot;Wikibooks includes both minor and major book-like projects&quot;}}
::::For other admins: if I am missing something obvious, please let me know. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 00:43, 20 May 2026 (UTC)
::::: {{Ping|Kittycataclysm}} Thank you. I note: 1) it says &quot;primarily&quot;, which means &quot;not exclusively&quot;; 2) &quot;instructional materials&quot; is much broader than books.
::::: Moreover, I checked [https://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Wikibooks:What_is_Wikibooks%3F&amp;oldid=3797401 2021 version] of the policy and did not find the text you are quoting. When was the text introduced, by what process and who approved the text? --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 04:25, 20 May 2026 (UTC)
::::: Part of the answer lies in [https://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Wikibooks:What_is_Wikibooks%3F&amp;diff=prev&amp;oldid=4377929 this edit] of yours from 9 March 2024, which does not trace to a discussion or a vote, but traces to [[Wikibooks:Policies and guidelines]]. However, [[Wikibooks:Policies and guidelines]] is not marked as a policy.
::::: Be it as it may, it does not answer my question: where is the evidence of consensus for the changes, minimally in the form of a discussion, and ideally in the form of a request for comments or a vote?
::::: Let me also ask from the point of view of examining other examples that I already brought up: is it your view that [[less]], [[sed]] and [[grep]] should be deleted as non-books, too short to be considered books?
::::: Let me also ask about the ''process'': why was RFD not used and instead speedy was used? From what I recall, Wikibooks used to delete subpar content via RFD, including all those outlines with no content proper. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 04:41, 20 May 2026 (UTC)
::::::@[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]]
::::::# That's a good catch about the March 9 edit—I can't recall why I made that decision, but I think you're right that moving text from a non-policy page to a policy page without discussion is not appropriate. My understanding is that the general sentiment is still correct, but we'll need more community discussion to officially integrate it into policy.
::::::# Regarding the other examples you listed: assuming the book-like requirement is the community consensus, I don't think they can stand on their own, but it might be possible to turn them into a more cohesive book.
::::::# Regarding the process, I flagged for speedy deletion because I was on the fence about whether it was a speedy or an RFD—in these cases, I usually flag for another admin to review instead of making the deletion myself.
::::::Since this is getting more into community consensus territory, I am looping in other active users and admins to weigh in @[[User:Atcovi|Atcovi]] @[[User:Leaderboard|Leaderboard]] @[[User:Xania|Xania]] @[[User:MarcGarver|MarcGarver]] @[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] @[[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] @[[User:JJPMaster|JJPMaster]]. Cheers —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 13:04, 20 May 2026 (UTC)
::::::: @Kittycataclysm: Thank you for this response. And let me also thank you for your clean-up effort at Wikibooks; hardly anyone wants to do that and you seem to be doing quite a lot of it. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 13:56, 20 May 2026 (UTC)
:::::::Wikibooks has never been heavy on written policies and tends to operate in line with what the current active community thinks is right. This isn't unusual, many small projects work like that. So getting hung up on who edited a policy and whether it was approved isn't really important - there have been many proposals put forward to amend WIW, and you need to search to find them as they are buried in different talk pages and project pages - what's important is what the community wants to do now. For what it is worth it is pretty clear from its very inception that the intention of Wikibooks was to host textbooks (see [[m:Talk:Science_Hypertextbook_project]]). That doesn't preclude the community from changing its mind, now or in the future. [[User:MarcGarver|MarcGarver]] ([[User talk:MarcGarver|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MarcGarver|contribs]]) 15:23, 20 May 2026 (UTC)
:::::::: 1) This use of the word &quot;community&quot; (instead of e.g. &quot;editors&quot;) is a huge red flag. 2) The above attitude allows for a manipulation of the project, especially by people who are more interested in exercising their power than contributing any useful content. If there really is a consensus of the &quot;current active community&quot; (whatever that is supposed to mean), that current community should not have any difficulty passing it through a request for comment or a vote. From my experience, projects that disregard policies start to get controlled by bad actors, often actors who do not have the skill to do any content work so they natually tend toward mere administrators (also known by Steve Jobs as bozos). --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 07:06, 23 May 2026 (UTC)
:::::::My thoughts are mostly with Marc's and Leaderboard's here. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 22:57, 20 May 2026 (UTC)
::::::::+1 —[[User:Atcovi|Atcovi]] [[User talk:Atcovi|(Talk]] - [[Special:Contributions/Atcovi|Contribs)]] 17:32, 23 May 2026 (UTC)
:I think the book does not qualify in its current state (but as a draft, wouldn't have qualified for deletion either). Markdown is indeed a language without a lot to write; however, I think the book is too small as written. The fact that it's only a single page is fine. [[User:Leaderboard|Leaderboard]] ([[User talk:Leaderboard|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Leaderboard|contribs]]) 13:08, 20 May 2026 (UTC)
:: But ''why'' does it not qualify, given it shows the most important features of Markup by example? (It is not a book and probably never will be. It is too short for that and will be too short, even if expanded.) --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 13:14, 20 May 2026 (UTC)
:::It's too brief in my opinion. A Wikibook tends to have significantly more detail, even if it's just one page. I think the book can absolutely be expanded in a form that will allow it to stay here. [[User:Leaderboard|Leaderboard]] ([[User talk:Leaderboard|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Leaderboard|contribs]]) 14:15, 20 May 2026 (UTC)
:::: Brief for what purpose or objective? As a user of Markdown, I want to know the answer to the following questions: 1) What is the core syntax of Markdown (so that I can use it productively)? 2) What are some of the best external sources about Markdown? I provided an answer to both questions. --[[User:Dan Polansky|Dan Polansky]] ([[User talk:Dan Polansky|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Dan Polansky|contribs]]) 07:21, 23 May 2026 (UTC)

== [[Template:Message box]] ==
There are currently [[Special:WhatLinksHere/Template:Message box|128 pages linking to this template]] which are currently displaying error messages instead of the intended text. Even if there is a module which implements some of the technical functionality previously used by this template, a template is still needed to simplfiy the process of invoking that module - even if it just expands to &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#invoke:Message box}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 19:09, 9 October 2026 (UTC)

== Pages related to citations ==
* [[Doi (identifier)]]
* [[PMID (identifier)]]
* [[ISSN (identifier)]]
* [[PMC (identifier)]]

These pages are all linked automatically by citation templates like {{tl|Cite journal}}. I understand that their content is out of scope for Wikibooks, but we're still linking to them - either they should exist, or we should modify the citation module to not link to them. Having them exist as soft redirects seems like the easier solution. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 19:14, 9 October 2026 (UTC)

:Immediate solution is soft redirects, longer-term solution is removal from the template or at the very least, turning them into links to Wikipedia articles directly. I actually tried to resolve this when I first became an admin, but deciphering how to get these links out of the modules was too tricky for my smooth brain. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 20:33, 9 October 2026 (UTC)

== [[User:Ottawahitech/American politics]] ==
Please undelete. Thanks in advance, [[Special:Contributions/~2026-40500-29|~2026-40500-29]] ([[User talk:~2026-40500-29|talk]]) 19:00, 11 October 2026 (UTC)
: I do not see any reasoning on why this user subpage should be undeleted. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 15:36, 12 October 2026 (UTC)

== Restore page please ==
Can admin please restore user:ottawahitech/comedy /satire to my current user space?

thanks in advance, [[Special:Contributions/~2026-56766-53|~2026-56766-53]] ([[User talk:~2026-56766-53|talk]]) 18:33, 25 October 2026 (UTC)

:@[[User:~2026-56766-53|~2026-56766-53]]: This page does not appear to have ever existed. Did you mean [[User:Ottawahitech/standup comedy]]? If so, to quote Codename above, I do not see any reasoning on why this user subpage should be undeleted. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 23:35, 25 October 2026 (UTC)
:This is really simple. The user space of registered accounts is for their use. Your behaviour in asserting that you are the operator of a registered account while not using it is becoming disruptive and you may well end up blocked if it continues. [[User:MarcGarver|MarcGarver]] ([[User talk:MarcGarver|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MarcGarver|contribs]]) 11:08, 26 October 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>iltsohrfhn0wb1us1uaw28u5ai1n64c</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>General Biology/Classification of Living Things/Eukaryotes/Protists</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2184</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679959</id>
      <parentid>4098762</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-04T14:22:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>R. Henrik Nilsson</username>
        <id>3395618</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>phyllum &gt; phylum</comment>
      <origin>4679959</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="8361" sha1="l75bton1n102w140cpjzyxltgfhj18p" xml:space="preserve">==Introduction==

Out of the six kingdoms, Protista is the most diverse. This is the kingdom of organisms with strange, atypical characteristics. In essence, this kingdom is designated for organisms which do not belong in any other kingdom. The majority of protists are microscopic.

==Classification of Protists==

There are three phyla of protists, based on their type of nutrition.

1. '''Protozoa''' (animal-like protists) are heterotrophs that ingest or absorb their food and helps.

2. '''Algae''' (plant-like protists) are autotrophs they get nutrition from photosythesis.

3. '''Slime moulds''' and '''water moulds''' (fungus-like protists) are also heterotrophs, like protozoa.

==Protozoa==

As heterotrophs, protozoa scavenge materials from their surroundings. Others are predators which actively hunt or ambush small organisms such as bacteria and other protozoa for a source of nutrition. Protozoa can be parasitic as well; they may live inside larger organisms, like humans. Most protozoa live as single cells, although a few form colonies.

Protozoa are generally difficult to identify due to their varied shape. They may appear as jelly-like blobs, spherical sunbursts, or a flattened leaf.  Tiny blood parasites may be only 2 μm long. On the other hand, shell-covered marine may be 5 cm or more in diameter. 

Furthermore, different protozoans have their own complex life cycles. The complexity has led certain organisms to be mistakenly classified for other species. 

Nevertheless, protozoa can move, and so, they are classified based on their methods of locomotion.

&lt;u&gt;Characteristics of Protozoa :&lt;/u&gt;

*About 30,000 species known 

*About 10,000 species are pathogenic, including some of the worst human diseases

*heterotrophic

*highly variable in form and life cycle

*mostly unicellular

*range in size from 0.005 mm to 50 mm

*lack cell walls

they love environment and each other..............

==Algae==

Algae are much simpler than protozoa. They are aquatic and contain chlorophyll. Algae can exist as a single cell or as giant seaweeds 60 m in length. Formerly, algae were classified as plants but this was incorrect as algae lack parts of true plants: leaves, stems, roots, xylem, and phloem (though some plants, such as mosses, also lack all of these parts). Since algae belong in the kingdom Protista, algae is a broad term used to denote all aquatic eukaryotes which photosynthesise; algae can differ in size and shape as well.

There are six phyla of algae:''' chlorophytes (green algae)''', '''phaeophytes (brown algae)''', '''rhodophytes (red algae)''', '''chrysophytes (diatoms)''', '''pyrrophytes (dinoflagellates)''', and '''euglenophytes (euglenoids)'''. 

===Chlorophytes===

Chlorophytes resemble plants the most. Like plants, their cell walls contain cellulose and they store food in reserve as starch. Chlorophytes can be unicellular or multicellular. Most chlorophytes use flagellae for some locomotion.

===Phaeophytes===

Phaeophytes are nearly all multicellular marine organisms, which are known to us as seaweeds. They have cell walls composed of cellulose and alginic acid (a substance similar to pectin). The cellulose and alginic acid help to retain water and prevent seawood from drying out when exposed to air at low tide. 

Since phaeophytes live in a tidal environment, they have large, flat fronds (a large leaf) which can withstand pounding by waves. Their bases strongly anchor the algae to the rocky seabed and prevent them from being washed out to sea. Phaeophytes are usually found in areas of cold water. 

===Rhodophytes===

Rhodophytes are typically found in warmer seawater, and are more delicate and smaller than brown algae (phaeophytes). Rhodophytes are also able to grow at deeper depths in the ocean, since red algae absorb green, violet, and blue light, the wavelengths of which penetrate the deepest below the water surface. They also have mucilaginous material to resist drying. 

===Chryosophytes===

Chryosophytes are the most abundant unicellular algae in the oceans. They are also one of the biggest components of plankton, a free-floating collection of microorganisms, eggs, and larvae. As photosynthetic organisms, they produce a significant amount of atmospheric oxygen.

The reproduction cycle of chrysophytes is particularly interesting. Note that diatoms reproduce both asexually and sexually. Since diatoms have a rigid cell wall with an outer layer of silica (found in sand and glass), the daughter cells produced by mitosis must fit inside the original cell wall. Therefore, each generation of diatoms is smaller than the one before. The reduction in size continues until the diatoms produce sexually, producing a zygote which eventually grows to the original size as it matures.

===Pyrrophytes===

Pyrrophytes are unicellular, photosynthetic, and mostly aquatic. They have protective coats composed of stiff cellulose. They are more easily identifiable, due to the presence of two flagellae. The longer flagellae propels the dinoflagellate, while the second shorter, flatter flagellae functions as a rudder.

Some species of pyrrophytes are '''zooxanthellae'''. Since they lack cellulose plates, they make their home in coral reefs and animals, such as sea anemones, and molluscs. In returning the favour of sheltering them, dinoflagellates provide carbohydrates to their host through photosynthesis. This is why there are nutrient-rich coral reefs in malnutritions water.

A negative aspect of pyrrophytes is that under certain conditions, species of dinoflagellates reproduce rapidly to form a '''harmful algal bloom (HAB)''', known as a red tide if dinoflagellates are the cause. Such pyrrophytes can produce toxins which may injure or kill wildlife, and additionally any consumers of contaminated wildlife.

===Euglenophytes===

Like pyrrophytes, euglenophytes are small unicellular freshwater organisms with two flagella. They are mainly autotrophic or heterotrophic, depending if they have a red, light-sensitive structure called an '''eyespot'''.

==Slime molds &amp; Water molds==

There are two phyla of slime moulds and one phylum of water moulds.

===Oomycotes (Water moulds)===

Oomycotes are filamentous organisms which resemble fungi, in that they live as saprotrophs.  Oomycotes differ from other moulds with the presence of spores and their sexual life cycle.

===Myxomycetes (Plasmodial slime moulds)===

Myxomycetes are visible to the naked eye as tiny slug-like organisms which creep over decayed and dead matter. This streaming blob containing many nuclei is called a '''plasmodium'''. 

=== Acrasiomycetes (Cellular slime moulds) and its reproductive cycle ===

Acrasiomycetes exist as individual amoeboid cells with one nucleus each. When in unfavourable conditions, each acrasiomycota cell gathers together to form a '''pseudoplasmodium'''.

====Reproductive Cycle:====

1. One acrasiomycota cell joins with others to form a pseudoplasmodium.

2. The pseudoplasmodium shrinks and forms a smaller plasmodium. 

3. The plasmodium migrates to a suitable environment.

4. The plasmodium develops a sporangia, where original parental nuclei has divided by meiosis into haploid spores to be germinated. 

5. When favourable conditions arise, the spores germinate and are carried away by animals or the wind.

6. Cycle repeats.

==Protists Practice Questions==

1. Which of the following adjectives describe the major food source of protozoa?
 
:a) chemoautotrophic
:b) photoheterotrophic
:c) chemoheterotrophic
:d) heterotrophic
:e) A, C, D
:f) C, D


2. The protozoan ''Giardia lamblia'' can inhabit a human body's intestinal tract and cause gastroenteritis.

a) Give the abbreviated binomial name of this protozoan.

b) Would the relationship between this protozoan and human being be mutualistic, commensalistic, or parasitic?

3. Found in many products, such as Petri dishes, agar is made from mucilaginous material in seaweed. Of the six phyla of algae, which phylum/phyla would agar be made from?

4. Which of the following adjectives describe the major food source of Euglenophytes without an eyespot?

:a) photoautotrophic
:b) photoheterotrophic
:c) chemoautotrophic
:d) chemoheterotrophic
:e) B or C
:f) C or D

5. Can coral reefs exist in nutrient-poor areas? Explain.


&lt;!-- [[/Answers|Answers to Protists Practice Question]] --&gt; 

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==Table of Contents==
{| cellpadding=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;float: left; border: 1px solid #8888aa; background: #f7f8ff;{{Text default color}}; padding: 5px; font-size: 95%; margin: 0 15px 0 15px;&quot;
| style=&quot;background: #ccf;{{Text default color}}; text-align: center;&quot; | '''[[Introduction to Paleoanthropology]]'''
|-
| [[Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Definition|Defining Paleoanthropology]]
|-
| [[Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Origin|Origin of Paleoanthropology]]
|-
| [[Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Bones|Importance of Bones]]
|-
| [[Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Hominids Early|Early Hominid Fossils]]
|-
| [[Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Hominids Early Chronology|Phylogeny and Chronology]]
|-
| [[Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Hominids Early Behavior|Early Hominid Behavior]]
|-
| [[Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Oldowan|The Oldowan Period]]
|-
| [[Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Acheulean|The Acheulean Period]]
|-
| [[Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Hominids Acheulean|Hominids of the Acheulean]]
|-
| [[Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Acheulean Technology|Technology in the Acheulean]]
|-
| [[Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Hominids MiddlePaleolithic|Hominids of the Middle Paleolithic]]
|-
| [[Introduction to Paleoanthropology/MiddlePaleolithic Technology|Technology of the Middle Paleolithic]]
|-
| [[Introduction to Paleoanthropology/UpperPaleolithic|The Upper Paleolithic]]
|-
| style=&quot;background: #ccf;{{Text default color}}; text-align: center;&quot; | '''Suggested Supplemental Reading'''
|-
| [[Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Dating Techniques|Dating Techniques]]
|-
| [[Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Evolution Culture|Cultural Evolution]]
|-
| [[Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Darwinian Thought|Darwinian Thought]]
|-
| [[Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Genetics/Introduction|Genetics]]
|-
|
|-
| [[Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Primates/Humans|Humans as Primates]]
|-
| [[Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Origin of Language|Origin of Language]]
|-
| [[Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Evolution/Food Production|From Hunter-Gatherer to Food Producer]]
|-
| [[Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Modern Humans/Population Variation|Variation in Modern Human Populations]]
|}{{print version}}

{{Shelves|Anthropology}}
{{alphabetical|I}}
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      <comment>[[WB:REVERT|Reverted]] edit by [[Special:Contributions/~2026-58643-30|~2026-58643-30]] ([[User talk:~2026-58643-30|talk]]) to last version by ShakespeareFan00</comment>
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{{Book Search|prefix=Introduction to Paleoanthropology}}
==Table of Contents==
{| cellpadding=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;float: left; border: 1px solid #8888aa; background: #f7f8ff;{{Text default color}}; padding: 5px; font-size: 95%; margin: 0 15px 0 15px;&quot;
| style=&quot;background: #ccf;{{Text default color}}; text-align: center;&quot; | '''[[Introduction to Paleoanthropology]]'''
|-
| [[Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Definition|Defining Paleoanthropology]]
|-
| [[Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Origin|Origin of Paleoanthropology]]
|-
| [[Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Bones|Importance of Bones]]
|-
| [[Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Hominids Early|Early Hominid Fossils]]
|-
| [[Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Hominids Early Chronology|Phylogeny and Chronology]]
|-
| [[Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Hominids Early Behavior|Early Hominid Behavior]]
|-
| [[Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Oldowan|The Oldowan Period]]
|-
| [[Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Acheulean|The Acheulean Period]]
|-
| [[Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Hominids Acheulean|Hominids of the Acheulean]]
|-
| [[Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Acheulean Technology|Technology in the Acheulean]]
|-
| [[Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Hominids MiddlePaleolithic|Hominids of the Middle Paleolithic]]
|-
| [[Introduction to Paleoanthropology/MiddlePaleolithic Technology|Technology of the Middle Paleolithic]]
|-
| [[Introduction to Paleoanthropology/UpperPaleolithic|The Upper Paleolithic]]
|-
| style=&quot;background: #ccf;{{Text default color}}; text-align: center;&quot; | '''Suggested Supplemental Reading'''
|-
| [[Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Dating Techniques|Dating Techniques]]
|-
| [[Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Evolution Culture|Cultural Evolution]]
|-
| [[Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Darwinian Thought|Darwinian Thought]]
|-
| [[Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Genetics/Introduction|Genetics]]
|-
| [[Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Primates/Modern|Contemporary Primates]]
|-
| [[Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Primates/Humans|Humans as Primates]]
|-
| [[Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Origin of Language|Origin of Language]]
|-
| [[Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Evolution/Food Production|From Hunter-Gatherer to Food Producer]]
|-
| [[Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Modern Humans/Population Variation|Variation in Modern Human Populations]]
|}

{{PDF version}}
{{print version}}

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    <title>How To Assemble A Desktop PC/Choosing the parts</title>
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      <text bytes="185089" sha1="jva5s3173bmiiz30ed8s99eep4mrxxp" xml:space="preserve">{{How To Assemble A Desktop PC/Contents}}

Fthe first step to building a computer is acquiring the parts. This guide will start with a quick explanation of essential parts and elaborate on them further on.

These are the parts that a standard PC will use. You might want to make a check list (perhaps using a spreadsheet) of parts to use as you go about your process of research and selection. That way you won’t find yourself sitting down with a pile of brand new hardware only to find that you forgot an essential component.

==The primary parts==

===Key Parts===

*'''[[w:Computer case|Case]]''' - The case houses and protects rest of the parts, and contains additional functions like button, front IO ports, and other features.

*'''[[w:Power supply unit (computer)|Power Supply Unit]]'''/'''PSU''' – ''Power Supply Unit'', converts outlet power, which is alternating current (AC), to direct current (DC) which is required by internal components, as well as providing appropriate voltages and currents for these internal components. 

*'''[[w:Motherboard|Motherboard]]'''/'''mainboard''' – A board that facilitates communications between components and offers ports to connect them together.

*'''[[w:Central processing unit|CPU]]''' – ''central processing unit'', the main processor of the computer. The CPU handles general and mathematically complicated tasks.

*'''[[w:RAM|RAM]]''' – ''random access memory'', the &quot;short-term memory&quot; of a computer, used by the CPU to store program instructions and data upon which it is currently operating. Data in RAM is lost when the computer is powered off, thus necessitating a ''storage drive''.

*'''[[w:Computer storage|Storage]]''' - either '''[[Wikipedia:HDD|HDD]]''' (Hard disk drive - noisy and slower of the two but less expensive) and/or '''[[Wikipedia:SSD|SSD]]''' (solid state drive. Quiet, very fast but not as cheap) – the &quot;long-term memory&quot; of the computer, used for persistent storage – i.e. the things stored on it remain even when the computer is powered down. The operating system, and all your programs and data are stored here, so if you choose SSD then the system will be faster. These days, SSDs have replaced HDDs for almost everything but certain long term, low use storage, the lowest-end laptops and desktops which flash storage is used on, even if you only need to surf the web, HDDs will not be good. Do '''not''' use an HDD to store your OS, HDDs are only useful for long-term, low use storage. OSes can be booted and use storage from inexpensive '''[[Wikipedia:USB Drive|USB Drives]]''', although this is only with extremely lightweight systems.

=== Optional Components===

Optional components follow: (Components that depend on the function that will be given to the machine)

*'''[[w:Video Card|GPU]]'''/'''Graphics Card''' – does processing relating to video output. If you want to build a gaming PC, a good GPU is almost mandatory. Some processors have an integrated GPU built in so you don’t need (but may add) a separate video card. Otherwise, you will need a video card. These plug into a slot on the motherboard and provide ports to connect a monitor to your computer.

*'''[[w:Optical Drive|Optical Drive]]''' – device for handling optical disks. May read CDs, DVDs, Blu-Rays or other optical media. Some drives are able to write optical media as well as read it. Nowadays optical drives are only useful if you commonly use optical discs or have a huge collection of them you plan on using, if you have an external optical drive, you won't need it.

*'''[[w:Sound card|Sound hardware]]''' - Now integrated into motherboards, higher end sound hardware may be a good option for some users.

*'''[[w:Capture card|Capture cards]]''' - Records the signal from an HDMI port inside of it, useful if you use content creation for gaming, or plan on plugging in media device or gaming console to watch on your screen.

===External Components===

On top of the internal components listed above, you will also need these external components:

*'''[[w:Keyboard|Keyboard]]''' – for typing on. A good keyboard will increase your comfort, as well as make you a more productive typist.

*'''[[w:Mouse|Mouse]]''' – for pointing and clicking. A comfortable mouse can significantly improve your experience.

*'''[[w:Monitor|Monitor]]''' – Displays graphics from your computer. They come in many forms, the most common being [[w:LCD|LCD]] and [[w:OLED|OLED]] displays.

==Planning the Build==
Before you go on a shopping spree and start spending lots of money on expensive computer parts, there are some important questions you should answer which will guide your purchases:

* What will be the main function of the computer?
* What useful parts do you have on hand, from an old computer or otherwise?
* How much can you afford to spend on the system? 
* Some functions benefit from certain components more then others. What components, if any, should you skimp on to afford better components elsewhere?
* Do you want to upgrade your computer later, or will you be content with your build?

== What operating system am I going to use? ==
Before you buy components, be sure that they are supported by the operating system you plan to use. Almost all commonly available PC devices have drivers (small programs that allow the operating system to recognize and work with a hardware device) available for current versions of Windows. If you want to run an alternative operating system, you'll have to do some research to make sure your hardware choice will be compatible. Many alternatives have extensive 'Hardware Compatibility Lists' (HCLs) as well as software compatibility.

=== Main operating systems available ===
* '''Microsoft Windows''' - [[w:Windows 11|Windows 11 (Home/Pro)]].
* '''Popular Linux Distros''' -  [[w:Ubuntu|Ubuntu]], [[w:Linux Mint|Linux Mint]], [[w:OpenSUSE|OpenSUSE]], [[w:Fedora (operating system)|Fedora]], [[w:debian|Debian]], and others
* '''Popular BSD Variants''' - [[w:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]], [[w:OpenBSD|OpenBSD]], [[w:NetBSD|NetBSD]], and others
* '''ChromeOS Flex, FydeOS and Brunch Framework''': ChromeOS Flex is an OS built by Google that mainly works for just web apps, although it can run Debian apps via a VM. ChromeOS Flex does not support the Play Store or Android apps and does not allow complete control over the system by default. The brunch framework allows you to install real ChromeOS with Play Store support, although APK is not supported, as well as other Chromebook-specific features, but it is less stable than ChromeOS Flex. FydeOS is a ChromiumOS fork that allows you to run APK and Play Store apps, and not be owned by Google, but by another company, although it doesn't mean it's more private. ChromeOS's benefits are security and compatibility with the Google ecosystem. However it's downsides are not being able to run local programs other than web apps and Linux VM apps, which are slower than using real Linux, being incompatible with the Apple ecosystem almost entirely (this will become a problem for iOS users, especially if you use the stock apps or pay for iCloud), privacy concerns, no way of disabling auto-updates, and it's deleting of files and user data without consent due to low storage or security concerns, including Linux VM. On Brunch, the fact that the Play Store VM is always running and cannot be shut down in any way is another downside.
* '''Android''' - You can use the latest Android 16 Baklava on your PC if it has an ARM processor. While not ideal for the desktop form factor, they are free and offer compatibility with Android's software library. A variety of Android-based operating systems exist for x86 computers. Bliss OS is the most updated one, running Android 13 Tiramisu as its latest version, although it is unknown if Bliss OS gets frequent security updates, making it non-recommended. Do not use Android-x86, as the latest version for the Android-x86 project is 9 Pie, which was released in 2018.
* '''macOS''' - You can install the Intel version of macOS on non-Apple hardware, which is called &quot;Hackintosh&quot;. Be warned that this is risky and takes more knowledge than other operating systems. Apple will no longer support macOS on Intel computers from macOS 27 onwards, with the last macOS version for Intel computers being macOS 26 Tahoe.

=== Windows information and hardware support lists ===
'''Microsoft Windows''' is a series of operating systems made by the Microsoft corporation. Thanks to its popularity and widespread support Windows is ideal for most personal computing and fits the needs or wants of just about anyone: gamers, video/graphics editors, office workers, or the average user who wants to surf the web and play a bit of solitaire.

In general Windows supports most available consumer processors from AMD or Intel, as well as most internal and external devices, including Graphics Cards, Wi-Fi adapters, and specialty hardware.

For general consumers, Windows comes in a few flavors:
* Windows 11 Home is the basic version of Windows 11 and costs about $140, but purchases from bulk retailers can be as cheap as $50.
* Windows 11 Pro is the more advanced version of Windows 11 and costs about $200. This version includes business-oriented features like drive encryption, better virtual machine support and a built-in remote desktop function.
* Windows 11 Pro for Workstations provides support for workstation-class hardware such as motherboards with multiple processor sockets and costs $310.
* You can install Windows 10 if you would like, however it isn't recommended since it will be discontinued on October 2025 (although there is a paid licence that extends consumer support to 2026)

If you are a student you may be able to get a free version of Windows 11 through your school using Azure Dev Teaching (formerly Imagine Premium).

Any Windows 7, 8, 8.1 or 10 product key can be used to activate a copy of Windows 11. This essentially gives you a free upgrade from an older version of Windows to the latest. If you already have an older Windows computer, use the NirSoft ProduKey utility found online.

Microsoft maintains a list [https://partner.microsoft.com/en-us/dashboard/hardware/search/cpl list of hardware] compatible with Windows.

=== Linux information and hardware support lists ===
As one of the most popular open-source (free) operating systems, '''GNU/Linux''' is a good alternative. Linux is a UNIX-like series of operating systems and comes in many different distributions, called &quot;distros&quot; for short. Popular distros of Linux intended for the desktop include [[w:Ubuntu|Ubuntu]], [[w:Debian|Debian]], [[w:Linux Mint|Linux Mint]], [[w:Fedora Linux|Fedora]], [[w:openSUSE|openSUSE]], [[w:MX Linux|MX Linux]], [[w:Elementary OS|Elementary OS]], [[wikipedia:KDE neon|KDE Neon]], and [[w:Arch Linux|Arch Linux]].

Linux has applications that can match most of the functionality of their proprietary alternatives. It should be noted, however, that many popular programs are not available for Linux, and the only way to run them is with special compatibility layers like [[w:Wine (software)|Wine]], which may or may not work with a specific program, or could only run with significant issues.

Unlike Windows, drivers in Linux are usually included in the distro. This means different distributions will support different hardware (generally, more 'bleeding-edge' distributions will support newer hardware – look at Fedora, SUSE, or Arch Linux, compared to the latest stable release of Debian). A search online will normally establish compatibility; otherwise, a good rule of thumb to figure out compatibility is to buy hardware that is 12 to 18 months old, as it most likely has Linux support with most distributions, but won't be too old.

Graphics Drivers on Linux are interesting. AMD GPUs typically work fine out of the box thanks to the manufacturer-backed open-source [[w:AMDGPU|AMDGPU driver]] project, where the community open-source [[w:nouveau (software)|nouveau]] project generally works well, but not to the same level as NVIDIA's proprietary drivers, which many distros do not include out of the box due to the licensing used by the driver. Intel Integrated Graphics typically works very well in Linux.

=== BSDs information and hardware support lists===
'''BSD''', or the '''Berkeley Software Distribution''', is also a UNIX-Like series of operating systems and could be considered the alternative to Linux. BSD is an open-source (free) operating system and has its own descendants, such as [[w:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]] and [[w:OpenBSD|OpenBSD]]. Unlike Linux, BSD tends not to support &quot;new&quot; hardware but can handle a lot of both older and modern components. BSD and Linux share a variety of applications supported on both operating systems.
* DesktopBSD, see [http://www.freebsd.org/releases/5.4R/hardware-i386.html FreeBSD 5.4/i386] and [http://www.freebsd.org/releases/5.4R/hardware-amd64.html FreeBSD 5.4/amd64]
* [http://wiki.dragonflybsd.org/index.php/Supported_Hardware Dragonfly BSD]
* [http://www.freebsd.org/platforms/ FreeBSD]
* [http://www.netbsd.org/Hardware/ NetBSD]
* [http://www.openbsd.org/plat.html OpenBSD]
* PC-BSD, see [http://www.freebsd.org/releases/6.0R/hardware-i386.html FreeBSD 6.0/i386]

===Hackintosh===
[[File:Hackintosh-780x495.jpg|thumb|A Hackintosh]]
A [[w:Hackintosh|Hackintosh]] is a computer based on commodity hardware that runs [[w:macOS|macOS]]. This is '''extremely''' risky and could end in utter failure if it is not done properly. macOS is designed with Apple computers in mind, and trying to port it to a PC is risky and difficult. If you still want to attempt the same, read this.
# You'll be violating the Apple EULA.
# You should be using a comparable Intel CPU, which should've been used by Apple in one of their computers. Although 14th-gen Intel CPUs and 700-series motherboards are available, 10th-gen Intel CPUs and 400-series motherboards are the last components fully supported by macOS.
# Newer Macs have moved away from x86 CPUs, and your configuration may not work in the future. Apple will no longer support macOS on Intel computers from macOS 27 onwards, with the last macOS version for Intel computers being macOS 26 Tahoe.
# CPU choice and graphics also matter. Look up your CPU/GPU combination to see if it works.
# You'll need to (mostly) get modified installers, as the official installers may block installation.
# You'll need patience and tinkering with things if something goes wrong. An unsupported motherboard could even be destroyed by macOS.
# Some features, such as Apple Intelligence, only work on Apple silicon Macs, so Hackintoshes cannot use these features.
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+List of supported GPUs (as of macOS Sequoia)
!GPU
!Supported?
|-
|HD 500 (6th gen Intel) or earlier
|{{No|Not supported}}
|-
|HD 600 (7th gen Intel)
|{{Yes|Supported}}
|-
|UHD 600 (8-10th gen Intel)
|{{Yes|Supported}}
|-
|Intel G1-G7 (10th gen Intel)
|{{Yes|Supported}}
|-
|11th gen Intel iGPUs and later
|{{No|Not supported}}
|-
|Any Nvidia GPUs
|{{No|Not supported}}
|-
|AMD Vega iGPUs (Zen 1-3)
|{{Yes|Supported with patches}}
|-
|GCN GPUs (RX 200/300 series) and earlier
|{{No|Not supported}}
|-
|Polaris GPUs (RX 400/500 series)
|{{Yes|Supported}}
|-
|Vega GPUs
|{{Yes|Supported}}
|-
|RDNA 1 GPUs (RX 5000 series)
|{{Yes|Supported}}
|-
|RDNA 2 GPUs (RX 6000 series)
|{{Yes|Most GPUs supported}}
|-
|RDNA 3 GPUs (RX 7000 series)
|{{No|Not supported}}
|}

===Other operating systems===
These options are not recommended for the average user, but are included for the sake of completeness.

====Haiku====
{{see also|wikipedia:Haiku}}
Haiku is an operating system based on BeOS. Its main benefits are its specific focus on personal computing, and its cohesive interface. The main drawback is that its still somewhat &quot;Beta&quot;, and can be unstable. Hardware support is iffy, too. If you really want to try Haiku, it's best to use a virtual machine or live USB, instead of installing directly onto your hardware.

====ReactOS====
{{see also|wikipedia:ReactOS}}
ReactOS is an open-source reimplementation of Windows. Its main benefits are it being compatible with many Windows applications, and its interface being a clone of Windows 9x and 2000/ME. However, it has been in alpha for the last 20 years, has problems with newer hardware, and not all programs are compatible, especially new ones.

== What will be the main function of the computer? ==
{{Warning|
'''Caution to high-end buyers''':

Higher-end Intel processors, specifically 13th and 14th generations (Raptor Lake) Intel Core i5, i7 and i9 processors may cause instability under load using the default motherboard settings. This is caused by degradation due to high elevated voltages. Intel released Intel Baseline Profile for these affected processors, which make these processors more stable under load, but loses about 10% performance. Therefore it is '''not recommended''' to buy these processors&lt;ref&gt;https://wccftech.com/only-5-out-of-10-core-i9-13900k-2-out-of-10-core-i9-14900k-cpus-stable-in-auto-profile-intel-board-partners-stability-issues/ - retrieved 2024-05-04&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.theverge.com/24216305/intel-13th-14th-gen-raptor-lake-cpu-crash-news-updates-patches-fixes-motherboards - retrieved 2024-10-30&lt;/ref&gt;

As of August 2024, a BIOS update for these affected processors has rolled out for the affected processors, which addresses the instability, though not guaranteed.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.theverge.com/24216305/intel-13th-14th-gen-raptor-lake-cpu-crash-news-updates-patches-fixes-motherboards#stream-entry-27a4766f-6754-4e46-97f8-626f1ac05933 - retrieved 2024-10-30&lt;/ref&gt;

Exceptions are 13/14th gen Core i3, which is basically recycled 12th gen Core i3, which hasn't caused instability and therefore are not affected. Arrow Lake (Core 200 series) CPUs are also unaffected.
}}
If you're going to build a computer from scratch for a specific purpose, you'll want to select each component with your use case in mind. Consider what you want to use the computer for, you may be able to save money by specifying expensive, premium parts only where needed.

Any reasonably configured computer built from current components will offer adequate Internet browsing and word-processing capabilities. For an office computer, this is often all that is needed. As long as you provide enough RAM for your chosen operating system (4 GB at least), any processor you can buy new will provide acceptable performance. If the computer is for gaming, a fast processor and the addition of a high-end graphics card and extra RAM will provide a more satisfactory gaming experience. Besides gaming, computers intended for video editing, serious audio work, CAD/CAM, or animation will benefit from beefier components which are specifically designed for that purpose.

Here are some general system categories. Your own needs will probably not fit neatly into one of these, but they are a good way to start thinking about what you are going to use your computer for. With each we’ve indicated the components you should emphasize when building the system and we've also included sample builds for each configuration, which you're free to modify it to fit your needs and budget.

===Simple web surfer===
To provide basic functionality to a user who just needs web surfing, a little word processing, and the occasional game of solitaire or Wordle, it’s best not to go overboard. Such a user has no need for a top of the line processor or 3D graphics card. A modestly configured system with an adequate Internet connection (DSL (5 Mbps) or better) will suit this user best and can be assembled quite cheaply.

This usage pattern is not going to stress any particular component; you should be looking at a mid- to low-level processor (historically, and currently, at about the $150 price point or less) such as Core i3 or Ryzen 5, enough RAM for the OS and number of browser tabs (4 GB minimum, 8 GB recommended, 16 GB for lots of tabs), and a motherboard with built in Ethernet, video and audio. You can use a mid-level case/power supply combo (these components are often sold as a pair). 

If you have a little extra money, spend it on a better monitor, mouse/keyboard, and case/power supply in that order.
{| class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;
|+ class=&quot;nowrap&quot; | Typical PC build by budget
! style=&quot;background: #ddd;{{text default color}};&quot; rowspan=2 | PC level
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; rowspan=2 | Budget
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; rowspan=2 | PC case
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; rowspan=2 | Motherboard
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; rowspan=2 | CPU
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; rowspan=2 | CPU cooler
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; rowspan=2 | RAM
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; rowspan=2 | Graphics
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; rowspan=2 | Storage
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; rowspan=2 | Power supply
! style=&quot;background: #eee; {{text default color}}&quot; colspan=2 | Power consumption
|-
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; | Idle
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; | Peak
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bbf;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Ultra budget'''
| style=&quot;background: #ddf;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$250
| style=&quot;background: #ddf;{{text default color}};&quot; | Basic mini ITX case ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #ddf;{{text default color}};&quot; | H610 DDR4 motherboard ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #ddf;{{text default color}};&quot; | Intel Processor 300 ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #ddf;{{text default color}};&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #ddf;{{text default color}};&quot; | 8 GB DDR4-3200 CL16 (1 x 8 GB) ($20)
| style=&quot;background: #ddf;{{text default color}};&quot; | UHD Graphics 710 (integrated)
| style=&quot;background: #ddf;{{text default color}};&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD ($20)
| style=&quot;background: #ddf;{{text default color}};&quot; | 500 W Tier D power supply ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #ddf;{{text default color}};&quot; | 8 W
| style=&quot;background: #ddf;{{text default color}};&quot; | 83 W
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bdf;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Extra budget'''
| style=&quot;background: #def;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$300
| style=&quot;background: #def;{{text default color}};&quot; | Basic mini ITX case ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #def;{{text default color}};&quot; | A520 DDR4 motherboard ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #def;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Ryzen 5 5600GT ($120)
| style=&quot;background: #def;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Wraith Stealth (included)
| style=&quot;background: #def;{{text default color}};&quot; | 8 GB DDR4-3200 CL16 (1 x 8 GB) ($20)
| style=&quot;background: #def;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Radeon Vega 7 (integrated)
| style=&quot;background: #def;{{text default color}};&quot; | 512 GB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #def;{{text default color}};&quot; | 500 W Tier D power supply ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #def;{{text default color}};&quot; | 14 W
| style=&quot;background: #def;{{text default color}};&quot; | 139 W
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bff;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Entry-level'''
| style=&quot;background: #dff;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$400
| style=&quot;background: #dff;{{text default color}};&quot; | Basic micro ATX case ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;{{text default color}};&quot; | A520 DDR4 motherboard ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Ryzen 7 5700G ($180)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Wraith Stealth (included)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;{{text default color}};&quot; | 8 GB DDR4-3200 CL16 (1 x 8 GB) ($20)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Radeon Vega 8 (integrated)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;{{text default color}};&quot; | 512 GB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;{{text default color}};&quot; | 650 W Tier C power supply ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;{{text default color}};&quot; | 14 W
| style=&quot;background: #dff;{{text default color}};&quot; | 139 W

|-
| style=&quot;background: #bfd;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Upper entry-level'''
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$500
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;{{text default color}};&quot; | Premium micro ATX case ($110)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;{{text default color}};&quot; | A520 DDR4 motherboard ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Ryzen 7 5700G ($180)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Wraith Stealth (included)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;{{text default color}};&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3600 CL18 (2 x 8 GB) ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Radeon Vega 8 (integrated)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;{{text default color}};&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;{{text default color}};&quot; | 650 W Tier C power supply ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;{{text default color}};&quot; | 14 W
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;{{text default color}};&quot; | 138 W
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bfb;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Lower mid-range'''
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$600
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Premium micro ATX case ($110)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;{{text default color}};&quot; | A620 DDR5 motherboard ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Ryzen 5 8600G ($180)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Wraith Stealth (included)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 16 GB DDR5-5200 CL40 (2 x 8 GB) ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Radeon 760M (integrated)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 750 W Tier A power supply ($100)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 14 W
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 140 W
|}

===Office computer===
An office computer can be expected to do word processing, spreadsheet and database work, network access, e-mail and a little light development of spreadsheets, databases, and presentations. It might also be called on to do page layout work, some 2D graphic creation, and/or terminal emulation.

None of this stresses any particular component either, but since office workers often run several applications at the same time, and because time is money in this space, a strong mid-level processor is suggested. Typically this would be the processor one or two places from the top of the line. Plenty of RAM will also facilitate multitasking and save time.

You will not need much in the way of 3D graphics power so current generation integrated graphics solutions from both AMD and Intel are perfectly adequate for office tasks. You should be aware that they will appropriate a portion of the system RAM for video duties thus reducing the total amount of RAM available for the OS and other programs so play accordingly and increase the total system RAM amount to compensate. Choosing the fastest operating frequency RAM your motherboard and budget can support will positively improve the performance of integrated graphics. If you decide that you need a dedicated graphics card after all, opt for an inexpensive model. A sub $200 (for this and other prices in US dollars see [http://www.xe.com/ucc/ www.xe.com/ucc] or other currency converter of your choice for conversion into your local currency) video card with 4 GB of video RAM or more should be more than sufficient. However, do your research carefully because many inexpensive graphics cards actually have poorer performance than current generation integrated graphic solutions.

You should pick a case which looks professional and compliments the look of your office as well as your role in your work. Your case should also be sturdy, to withstand being kicked under a desk or knocked by cleaning staff. You'll also want a no frills but reliable power supply that meets your needs and won't let you down in the middle of a busy workday.

Any extra budget after the above should focus on a better monitor, better/more ergonomic mouse/keyboard and more RAM.

{| class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;
|+ class=&quot;nowrap&quot; | Typical PC build by budget
! style=&quot;background: #ddd;{{text default color}};&quot; rowspan=2 | PC level
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; rowspan=2 | Budget
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; rowspan=2 | PC case
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; rowspan=2 | Motherboard
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; rowspan=2 | CPU
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; rowspan=2 | CPU cooler
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; rowspan=2 | RAM
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; rowspan=2 | Graphics
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; rowspan=2 | Storage
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; rowspan=2 | Power supply
! style=&quot;background: #eee; {{text default color}}&quot; colspan=2 | Power consumption
|-
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; | Idle
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; | Peak
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bff;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Entry-level'''
| style=&quot;background: #dff;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$400
| style=&quot;background: #dff;{{text default color}};&quot; | Basic micro ATX case ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;{{text default color}};&quot; | A520 DDR4 motherboard ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Ryzen 7 5700G ($180)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Wraith Stealth (included)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;{{text default color}};&quot; | 8 GB DDR4-3200 CL16 (1 x 8 GB) ($20)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Radeon Vega 8 (integrated)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;{{text default color}};&quot; | 512 GB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;{{text default color}};&quot; | 500 W Tier D power supply ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;{{text default color}};&quot; | 14 W
| style=&quot;background: #dff;{{text default color}};&quot; | 144 W
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bfd;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Upper entry-level'''
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$500
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;{{text default color}};&quot; | Basic micro ATX case ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;{{text default color}};&quot; | A620 DDR5 motherboard ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Ryzen 5 8600G ($200)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Wraith Stealth (included)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;{{text default color}};&quot; | 16 GB DDR5-5600 CL28 (2 x 8 GB) ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Radeon 760M (integrated)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;{{text default color}};&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;{{text default color}};&quot; | 650 W Tier C power supply ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;{{text default color}};&quot; | 15 W
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;{{text default color}};&quot; | 146 W
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bfb;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Lower mid-range'''
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$600
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Premium micro ATX case ($110)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;{{text default color}};&quot; | A620 DDR5 motherboard ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Ryzen 5 8600G ($200)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Wraith Stealth (included)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 16 GB DDR5-6400 CL32 (2 x 8 GB) ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Radeon 760M (integrated)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 650 W Tier C power supply ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 15 W
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 146 W
|-
| style=&quot;background: #dfb;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Mid-range'''
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$800
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Premium micro ATX case ($110)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | B650 DDR5 motherboard ($140)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Ryzen 7 8700G ($300)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Wraith Stealth (included)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 32 GB DDR5-7200 CL34 (2 x 16 GB) ($150)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Radeon 780M (integrated)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 650 W Tier C power supply ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 15 W
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 150 W
|-
| style=&quot;background: #ffb;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Upper mid-range'''
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$1000
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Premium micro ATX case ($110)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | B650 DDR5 motherboard ($140)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Ryzen 7 8700G ($300)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Wraith Stealth (included)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 32 GB DDR5-8400 CL40 (2 x 16 GB) ($230)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Radeon 780M (integrated)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 2 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($130)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 750 W Tier A power supply ($100)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 15 W
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 150 W
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fdb;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Lower high-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$1200
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | Premium micro ATX case ($110)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | Z790 DDR5 motherboard ($240)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | Intel Core i7-13700K ($330)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | 240mm AIO cooler ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | 32 GB DDR5-6000 CL30 (2 x 16 GB) ($110)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | Nvidia GeForce RTX 3050 6 GB ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | 2 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($130)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | 750 W Tier A power supply ($100)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | 44 W
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | 443 W
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fbb;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''High-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$1500
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Premium ATX case ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Z790 DDR5 motherboard ($240)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Intel Core i7-14700K ($380)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 360mm AIO cooler ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 32 GB DDR5-7200 CL34 (2 x 16 GB) ($150)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Nvidia GeForce RTX 3050 8 GB ($200)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 2 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($130)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 850 W Tier A power supply ($120)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 47 W
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 465 W
|}

===Server===
A server these days can be anything from a home unit that shares media files, documents, and printers over a local network, to a machine running a business-critical system for a small business, to a 3U rack mount unit serving up millions of hits a day on the Internet. 

The thing that most servers have in common is that they are always on and therefore reliability is a key characteristic. Also they serve more than one user while storing and processing important information. For this reason servers are often equipped with redundant systems such as dual power supplies, RAID5/6 arrays of four or more hard disks, special server grade processors that require error-correcting memory, multiple high-speed Ethernet connections, etc.

All of this is a little beyond the scope of the current work, but, in general, servers need lots of RAM, fast redundant hard drives, and the most reliable components your budget will allow. The CPU choice should be made in accordance with the use of the server. A simple print/fax server will do fine with a CPU stolen from a museum, whereas a server running a database and a front end for that, will work much better with a top of the line CPU. 

On the other end of the hardware list, since nobody is usually sitting at them, you can get away with the cheapest possible keyboard, mouse and monitor (in fact many servers run &quot;headless&quot; with no monitor at all). Graphics are also a very low priority on these machines, and a read only CD/DVD-ROM optical drive (used, infrequently, for installing software and updates) will do just fine.

{| class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;
|+ class=&quot;nowrap&quot; | Typical PC build by budget
! style=&quot;background: #ddd;{{text default color}};&quot; | PC level
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; | Budget
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; | PC case
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; | Motherboard
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; | CPU
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; | CPU cooler
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; | RAM
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; | Graphics
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; | Storage
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; | Power supply
|-
| style=&quot;background: #ffb;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Upper mid-range'''
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$1000
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Basic EATX case ($120)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Entry-level SP3 DDR4 motherboard ($400)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Epyc 7252 ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Mid-range cooler ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3200 (2 x 8 GB) ($30)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Nvidia GeForce GT 710 1 GB GDDR5 ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 120 GB SATA SSD + 2 TB HDD (7200 rpm) ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 600 W Gold power supply ($140)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fdb;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Lower high-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$1200
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | Basic EATX case ($120)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | Entry-level SP3 DDR4 motherboard ($400)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Epyc 7282 ($350)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | Mid-range cooler ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | 32 GB DDR4-3600 (2 x 16 GB) ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | Nvidia GeForce GT 710 1 GB GDDR5 ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | 120 GB SATA SSD + 2 TB HDD (7200 rpm) ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | 650 W Gold power supply ($150)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fbb;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''High-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$1500
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Basic EATX case ($120)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Entry-level SP3 DDR4 motherboard ($400)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Epyc 7302 ($420)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Mid-range cooler ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 32 GB DDR4-3600 (2 x 16 GB) ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Nvidia GeForce GT 710 1 GB GDDR5 ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD + 6 TB HDD (7200 rpm) ($150)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 750 W Gold power supply ($190)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fbd;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Upper high-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fde;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$2000
| style=&quot;background: #fde;{{text default color}};&quot; | Basic EATX case ($120)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;{{text default color}};&quot; | Entry-level SP3 DDR4 motherboard ($400)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Epyc 7313 ($680)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;{{text default color}};&quot; | Mid-range cooler ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;{{text default color}};&quot; | 64 GB DDR4-3600 (2 x 32 GB) ($100)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;{{text default color}};&quot; | Nvidia GeForce GT 710 1 GB GDDR5 ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;{{text default color}};&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD + 3 x 4 TB HDD (7200 rpm) RAID5 array ($300)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;{{text default color}};&quot; | 850 W Gold power supply ($230)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fbf;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Flagship'''
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$2500
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;{{text default color}};&quot; | Premium EATX case ($220)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;{{text default color}};&quot; | Entry-level SP5 DDR5 motherboard ($600)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Epyc 9124 ($1000)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;{{text default color}};&quot; | Mid-range cooler ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;{{text default color}};&quot; | 64 GB DDR5-4800 (2 x 32 GB) ($150)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;{{text default color}};&quot; | Nvidia GeForce GT 710 1 GB GDDR5 ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;{{text default color}};&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD + 3 x 4 TB HDD (7200 rpm) RAID5 array ($300)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;{{text default color}};&quot; | 850 W Gold power supply ($230)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #dbf;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''True flagship'''
| style=&quot;background: #edf;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$3000
| style=&quot;background: #edf;{{text default color}};&quot; | Premium EATX case ($220)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;{{text default color}};&quot; | Mid-range SP5 DDR5 motherboard ($1000)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Epyc 9124 ($1000)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;{{text default color}};&quot; | Mid-range cooler ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;{{text default color}};&quot; | 64 GB DDR5-5600 (2 x 32 GB) ($190)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;{{text default color}};&quot; | Nvidia GeForce GT 710 1 GB GDDR5 ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;{{text default color}};&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD + 4 x 4 TB HDD (7200 rpm) RAID5 array ($400)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;{{text default color}};&quot; | 850 W Gold power supply ($230)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bbd;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Ultimate flagship'''
| style=&quot;background: #dde;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$4000
| style=&quot;background: #dde;{{text default color}};&quot; | Premium EATX case ($220)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;{{text default color}};&quot; | Mid-range SP5 DDR5 motherboard ($1000)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Epyc 9224 ($1800)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;{{text default color}};&quot; | Premium liquid cooler ($180)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;{{text default color}};&quot; | 128 GB DDR5-5600 (4 x 32 GB) ($380)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;{{text default color}};&quot; | Nvidia GeForce GT 710 1 GB GDDR5 ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;{{text default color}};&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD + 4 x 4 TB HDD (7200 rpm) RAID5 array ($400)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;{{text default color}};&quot; | 1000 W Platinum power supply ($350)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Ultimate flagship v2'''
| style=&quot;background: #dee;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$6000
| style=&quot;background: #dee;{{text default color}};&quot; | Premium EATX case ($220)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;{{text default color}};&quot; | Mid-range SP5 DDR5 motherboard ($1000)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Epyc 9354 ($3200)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;{{text default color}};&quot; | Premium liquid cooler ($180)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;{{text default color}};&quot; | 128 GB DDR5-6400 (4 x 32 GB) ($560)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;{{text default color}};&quot; | Nvidia GeForce GT 710 1 GB GDDR5 ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;{{text default color}};&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD + 4 x 8 TB HDD (7200 rpm) RAID5 array ($750)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;{{text default color}};&quot; | 1000 W Platinum power supply ($350)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bdb;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Ultimate flagship v3'''
| style=&quot;background: #ded;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$10000
| style=&quot;background: #ded;{{text default color}};&quot; | Premium EATX case ($220)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;{{text default color}};&quot; | High-end SP5 DDR5 motherboard ($2000)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Epyc 9454 ($5000)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;{{text default color}};&quot; | Premium liquid cooler ($180)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;{{text default color}};&quot; | 256 GB DDR5-6400 (8 x 32 GB) ($1120)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;{{text default color}};&quot; | Nvidia GeForce GT 710 1 GB GDDR5 ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;{{text default color}};&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD + 4 x 8 TB HDD (7200 rpm) RAID5 array ($750)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;{{text default color}};&quot; | 1000 W Platinum power supply ($350)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #ddb;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Ultimate flagship v4'''
| style=&quot;background: #eed;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$20000
| style=&quot;background: #eed;{{text default color}};&quot; | Premium EATX case ($220)
| style=&quot;background: #eed;{{text default color}};&quot; | High-end SP5 DDR5 motherboard ($2000)
| style=&quot;background: #eed;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Epyc 9754 ($11000)
| style=&quot;background: #eed;{{text default color}};&quot; | Premium liquid cooler ($180)
| style=&quot;background: #eed;{{text default color}};&quot; | 512 GB DDR5-6400 (8 x 64 GB) ($2560)
| style=&quot;background: #eed;{{text default color}};&quot; | Nvidia GeForce GT 1030 2 GB GDDR5 ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #eed;{{text default color}};&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD + 4 x 16 TB HDD (7200 rpm) RAID5 array ($1400)
| style=&quot;background: #eed;{{text default color}};&quot; | 1000 W Platinum power supply ($350)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #dbb;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Ultimate flagship v5'''
| style=&quot;background: #edd;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$35000
| style=&quot;background: #edd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Premium EATX case ($220)
| style=&quot;background: #edd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Dual socket SP5 DDR5 motherboard ($3000)
| style=&quot;background: #edd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Dual AMD Epyc 9754 CPUs ($22000)
| style=&quot;background: #edd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Premium liquid cooler ($180)
| style=&quot;background: #edd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 768 GB DDR5-6400 (12 x 64 GB) ($3840)
| style=&quot;background: #edd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Nvidia GeForce GT 1030 2 GB GDDR5 ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #edd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD + 6 x 22 TB HDD (7200 rpm) RAID5 array ($2800)
| style=&quot;background: #edd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 1500 W Platinum power supply ($650)
|}

===Gaming system===
[[File:Gaming PC-Setup - Astaroth- The Completed System.jpg|right|thumb|A gaming PC setup.]]
We’re not talking here about the occasional game of solitaire or a secret late night Zuma obsession. We’re talking about cutting edge 3D gaming – first-person shooters or real-time strategy games with thousands of troops on the screen at the same time, with anisotropic filtering and anti-aliasing and mip-mapped specular reflections and a lot of other confusing terminology describing visual effects that will make anything less than a top-of-the-line system fall down on its knees and beg for mercy.

==== Gaming processors ====
A top of the range processor is not critical to gaming performance (though it does help)&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/gaming/serious-gaming.html intel : serious-gaming]&lt;/ref&gt;, but you will need at least a mid range one and plenty of RAM, as well as a motherboard to match, since the speed of the motherboard buses can limit high-end components. Please remember that if you plan on running the latest games in 4K, or even higher, on highest settings, or even with three monitors, you will need a high end processor. This will stop the chances of bottlenecking the GPU (Graphic Processing Unit) and not give you the gaming experience you want. The most important part will be the video card (or cards) with cutting edge GPUs. AMD, [[w:NVIDIA|NVIDIA]] and Intel have been competing for &quot;king of the graphics card&quot; honors for years and the competition is so keen that new cards running on new GPUs are released quite frequently.

Note that increasing the resolution does not increase the CPU workload, only the GPU workload and VRAM usage will increase. Assume if you are running a game at 1080p High settings at 90fps with 80% CPU usage and 95% GPU usage, then increasing the resolution to 1440p decreases the fps to 60, but the CPU usage decreases to 60%.

As a general rule, always buy the fastest GPU you can get with the CPU that will not be bottlenecked.

==== Audio hardware ====
Most motherboards have decent or good audio hardware already built in. For most gamers this is adequate, and saves money that can be spent on other components that impact gameplay experience more.

A good sound card or external DAC or sound card can help drive high end headphones and other audiophile equipment. The DSPs (Digital Signal Processors) provided by this hardware can provide a higher end and cleaner audio experience. Currently [[w:Creative Labs|Creative Labs]] and ASUS Xonar are the leading brands, but again do your research (partly by reading on) and get the best audio solution for your needs.

==== Gaming PSUs ====
Finally all of these components are going to require a pretty hefty power supply. Generally a serious gaming rig will require at least a 750 watt supply; consumer units are available up to 2000 watts (2 Kilowatts) as anything higher on a single outlet is likely to trip a home circuit breaker.

==== VRAM usage ====
VRAM (short for video memory) is the memory in a GPU. Unlike system RAM, it cannot be upgraded by end users. The only way to add more VRAM is by buying a new GPU with more VRAM.

VRAM is important, because VRAM usage on single-player AAA game releases since early 2023 like ''The Last of Us Part I'', ''Forspoken'' and ''Hogwarts Legacy'' can exceed 8 GB when running Ultra settings even at 1080p. Having too little VRAM can cause stutters when running these games at higher settings. You probably do not want to buy a GPU with less than 8 GB VRAM, like RTX 3050 6 GB and RX 6500 XT 4 GB. As a general rule, for 1080p, get a GPU with at least 8 GB VRAM, preferably 10 GB or more. At least 12 GB is ideal for 1440p gaming, and 16 GB for 4K and 1440p RT.

For example, in 2020 an user bought a Nvidia GeForce RTX 3070 for $900 at that time (typical pricing due to GPU cryptocurrency mining crisis in 2020-22, $500 MSRP). It was a great GPU for running era-appropriate games like ''Cyberpunk 2077'' at 1440p. Fast forward to 2023 and the RTX 3070, with only 8GB VRAM, struggles to run ''The Last of Us Part I'' properly at 1440p due to VRAM limitations, requiring to drop resolution or texture detail down to get a playable experience. This also applies to RTX 3060 Ti, 3070 Ti and even 3080 10GB.

Here are the recommendations:
{| class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;
|+ Recommendations
|-
!Tier
!1080p gaming
!1440p gaming
!240Hz 1440p gaming
!4K gaming
|-
|VRAM
|At least 8 GB used / 10 GB new
|At least 12 GB
|At least 12 GB
|At least 16 GB
|-
|List of graphics cards
|
Used graphics cards that costs less than $200
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 2060 Super ''(used)'' ($140)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 2070 ''(used)'' ($150)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 2070 Super ''(used)'' ($170)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 2080 ''(used)'' ($190)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 2080 Super ''(used)'' ($200)
*AMD Radeon RX 6700 ''(used)'' ($180)
New graphics cards that costs less than $300
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 3060 12 GB ($300)
*Intel Arc A770 16 GB ($270)
*Intel Arc B570 ($220)
|
Graphics cards that costs less than $500 and have performance rating over 100 (baseline of RTX 3060 12 GB)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 3060 12 GB ($300)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 3080 12 GB ''(used)'' ($420)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 4060 Ti 16 GB ($460)
*AMD Radeon RX 6700 XT ($310)
*AMD Radeon RX 6750 XT ($320)
*AMD Radeon RX 6800 ''used'' ($350)
*AMD Radeon RX 6800 XT ''(used)'' ($390)
*AMD Radeon RX 6900 XT ''(used)'' ($480)
*AMD Radeon RX 7600 XT ($330)
*AMD Radeon RX 7700 XT ($380)
*AMD Radeon RX 7800 XT ($480)
*Intel Arc A770 16 GB ($270)
*Intel Arc B580 ($350)
|
Graphics cards that costs less than $800 and have performance rating over 160
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 3080 12 GB ''(used)'' ($420)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 3080 Ti ''(used)'' ($520)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 4070 ($600)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 4070 Super ($630)
*Nvidia Titan RTX ''(used)'' ($640)
*AMD Radeon RX 6800 ''used'' ($350)
*AMD Radeon RX 6800 XT ''(used)'' ($390)
*AMD Radeon RX 6900 XT ''(used)'' ($480)
*AMD Radeon RX 6950 XT ''(used)'' ($520)
*AMD Radeon RX 7700 XT ($380)
*AMD Radeon RX 7800 XT ($480)
*AMD Radeon RX 7900 GRE ($550)
*AMD Radeon RX 7900 XT ($680)
|
Graphics cards that have performance rating over 200
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 3090 ''(used)'' ($850)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 3090 Ti ''(used)'' ($1150)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 4070 Ti Super ($850)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 4080 ($1100)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 4080 Super ($1200)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 4090 ($2200)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 5080 ($2000)
*Nvidia GeForce RTX 5090 ($4500)
*AMD Radeon RX 6900 XT ''(used)'' ($480)
*AMD Radeon RX 6950 XT ''(used)'' ($520)
*AMD Radeon RX 7900 GRE ($550)
*AMD Radeon RX 7900 XT ($680)
*AMD Radeon RX 7900 XTX ($950)
|}

==== Tying the gaming rig together ====

As you may have noticed, pretty much every component inside the computer needs to be top of the line; the same is true outside the case. You’ll want a big, high refresh rate monitor (at least 27” 120Hz), and a high sensitivity mouse. There are even gaming keyboards with the keys specially arranged, as well as joysticks, throttle controllers, driving wheels, etc.

So, given that your budget is not bottomless, how do you prioritize? Well, the processor and video card are the components that will have the most effect on your gaming performance. Next comes the motherboard and RAM. One of the advantages to building your own computer is that you can get the components you can afford now and plan to upgrade them later.

A note on cases for gaming rigs – it is not necessary to get a case with a side window that reveals glowing RGB fans and revolving animated heat-sinks. A well-built plain case will do just as well and let you spend more money on the components that matter. But if you have the cash, and that’s your taste, there are lots of flashy add-ons available these days.

{| class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;
|+ class=&quot;nowrap&quot; | Typical PC build by budget
! style=&quot;background: #ddd;{{text default color}};&quot; | PC level
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; | Budget
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; | PC case
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; | Motherboard
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; | CPU
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; | CPU cooler
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; | RAM
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; | Graphics
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; | Storage
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; | Power supply
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bfd;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Upper entry-level'''
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$500
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;{{text default color}};&quot; | Basic micro ATX case with RGB ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;{{text default color}};&quot; | B450 DDR4 motherboard ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Ryzen 5 5500 ($90)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Wraith Stealth (included)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;{{text default color}};&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3200 CL16 (2 x 8 GB) ($30)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Radeon RX 580 8 GB ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;{{text default color}};&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;{{text default color}};&quot; | 650 W Tier C power supply ($70)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bfb;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Lower mid-range'''
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$600
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Basic micro ATX case with RGB ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;{{text default color}};&quot; | B550 DDR4 motherboard ($90)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Ryzen 5 5500 ($90)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Wraith Stealth (included)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3200 CL16 (2 x 8 GB) ($30)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Radeon RX 6600 8 GB ($190)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 650 W Tier C power supply ($70)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #dfb;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Mid-range'''
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$800
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Basic micro ATX case with RGB ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | B550 DDR4 motherboard ($90)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Ryzen 5 5600 ($110)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Wraith Stealth (included)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 32GB DDR4-3200 CL16 (2 x 16 GB) ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Radeon RX 7700 XT 12 GB ($360)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 750 W Tier A power supply ($100)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #ffb;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Upper mid-range'''
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$1000
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Basic ATX case with RGB ($90)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | B650 DDR5 motherboard ($140)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Ryzen 5 7600 ($200)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Wraith Stealth (included)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 32 GB DDR5-6000 CL30 (2 x 16 GB) ($90)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Radeon RX 7700 XT 12 GB ($360)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 750 W Tier A power supply ($100)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fdb;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Lower high-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$1200
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | Basic ATX case with RGB ($90)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | B650 DDR5 motherboard ($140)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Ryzen 5 7600 ($200)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Wraith Stealth (included)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | 32 GB DDR5-6000 CL30 (2 x 16 GB) ($90)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Radeon RX 7800 XT 16 GB ($450)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | 750 W Tier A power supply ($100)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fbb;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''High-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$1500
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Premium ATX case with RGB ($180)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | B650 DDR5 motherboard ($140)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Ryzen 5 9600X ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Air tower cooler ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 32 GB DDR5-6000 CL30 (2 x 16 GB) ($90)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Radeon RX 7900 GRE 16 GB ($520)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 2 TB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($110)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 850 W Tier A power supply ($120)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fbd;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Upper high-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fde;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$2000
| style=&quot;background: #fde;{{text default color}};&quot; | Premium ATX case with RGB ($180)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;{{text default color}};&quot; | X670E DDR5 motherboard ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Ryzen 7 7800X3D ($450)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;{{text default color}};&quot; | 240mm AIO cooler ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;{{text default color}};&quot; | 32 GB DDR5-6000 CL30 (2 x 16 GB) ($90)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Radeon RX 7900 XT 20 GB ($650)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;{{text default color}};&quot; | 2 TB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($110)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;{{text default color}};&quot; | 850 W Tier A power supply ($120)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fbf;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Flagship'''
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$2500
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;{{text default color}};&quot; | Premium ATX case with RGB ($180)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;{{text default color}};&quot; | X670E DDR5 motherboard ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Ryzen 7 7800X3D ($450)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;{{text default color}};&quot; | 240mm AIO cooler ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;{{text default color}};&quot; | 32 GB DDR5-6400 CL32 (2 x 16 GB) ($110)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Radeon RX 7900 XTX 24 GB ($850)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;{{text default color}};&quot; | 2 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($130)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;{{text default color}};&quot; | 1000 W Tier A power supply ($150)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #dbf;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''True flagship'''
| style=&quot;background: #edf;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$3000
| style=&quot;background: #edf;{{text default color}};&quot; | Premium ATX case with RGB ($180)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;{{text default color}};&quot; | X670E DDR5 motherboard ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Ryzen 7 7800X3D ($450)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;{{text default color}};&quot; | 240mm AIO cooler ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;{{text default color}};&quot; | 48 GB DDR5-6200 CL36 (2 x 24 GB) ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;{{text default color}};&quot; | Nvidia GeForce RTX 4090 24 GB ($1800)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;{{text default color}};&quot; | 2 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($130)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;{{text default color}};&quot; | 1000 W Tier A power supply ($150)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bbd;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Ultimate flagship'''
| style=&quot;background: #dde;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$4000
| style=&quot;background: #dde;{{text default color}};&quot; | Premium ATX case with RGB ($180)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;{{text default color}};&quot; | X670E DDR5 motherboard ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Ryzen 9 7950X3D ($600)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;{{text default color}};&quot; | 360mm AIO cooler ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;{{text default color}};&quot; | 64 GB DDR5-6400 CL32 (2 x 32 GB) ($210)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;{{text default color}};&quot; | Nvidia GeForce RTX 4090 24 GB ($1800)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;{{text default color}};&quot; | 4 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($280)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;{{text default color}};&quot; | 1500 W Tier A power supply ($280)
|}

=== Entertainment system/media center ===
This is a computer designed to sit in the living room with the rest of your A/V gear. The idea is that it will record and serve audio and video files for replay via your existing television and stereo. The current notion is that this computer should be built in a special case that makes it look more like a stereo component, the size of which can present a challenge when it comes to getting all the necessary parts fitted.

For this system a mid-range processor will be fine, along with a generous amount of RAM. A gigabit or better Ethernet connection will facilitate sharing large files. You’ll also want a TV tuner card (or two) to get video in and out of the machine. Many of these also provide [[w:digital video recorder|DVR]] (digital video recorder) functionality, often without the monthly subscription fees and [[w:digital rights management|DRM]] (digital rights management) restrictions required by companies like Netflix. A wireless keyboard and mouse provide for couch-based use and a separate monitor may be unnecessary as your TV will fill that role.

All components should be as quiet as possible since you'll likely be watching/listening in the same room. For this application it makes sense to trade a little power for passively-cooled (without fans) parts. Following this logic, one may consider fan-less CPUs and mainboards.

You may also want an IR receiver to let you use your existing remote control as media buttons. Additionally, this is one of the only reasons you may want to consider an optical disc drive, other than for retrocomputing and retro gaming.
{| class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;
|+ class=&quot;nowrap&quot; | Typical PC build by budget
! style=&quot;background: #ddd;{{text default color}};&quot; rowspan=2 | PC level
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; rowspan=2 | Budget
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; rowspan=2 | PC case
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; rowspan=2 | Motherboard
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; rowspan=2 | CPU
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; rowspan=2 | CPU cooler
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; rowspan=2 | RAM
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; rowspan=2 | Graphics / video card
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; rowspan=2 | Storage
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; rowspan=2 | Power supply
! style=&quot;background: #eee; {{text default color}}&quot; colspan=2 | Power consumption
|-
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; | Idle
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; | Peak
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bff;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Entry-level'''
| style=&quot;background: #dff;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$400
| style=&quot;background: #dff;{{text default color}};&quot; | Basic mini ITX case ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;{{text default color}};&quot; | H610 DDR4 motherboard ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;{{text default color}};&quot; | Intel Core i5-12400T ($150)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;{{text default color}};&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;{{text default color}};&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3200 (2 x 8 GB) ($30)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;{{text default color}};&quot; | UHD Graphics 730 (integrated)&lt;br&gt;Entry-level TV tuner card ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;{{text default color}};&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;{{text default color}};&quot; | 450 W Plus power supply ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #dff;{{text default color}};&quot; | 14 W
| style=&quot;background: #dff;{{text default color}};&quot; | 141 W
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bfd;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Upper entry-level'''
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$500
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;{{text default color}};&quot; | Basic mini ITX case ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;{{text default color}};&quot; | H610 DDR4 motherboard ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;{{text default color}};&quot; | Intel Core i5-13400T ($200)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;{{text default color}};&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;{{text default color}};&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3600 (2 x 8 GB) ($35)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;{{text default color}};&quot; | UHD Graphics 730 (integrated)&lt;br&gt;Entry-level TV tuner card ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;{{text default color}};&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;{{text default color}};&quot; | 500 W Plus power supply ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;{{text default color}};&quot; | 15 W
| style=&quot;background: #dfe;{{text default color}};&quot; | 150 W
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bfb;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Lower mid-range'''
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$600
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Basic mini ITX case ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;{{text default color}};&quot; | B660 DDR4 motherboard ($90)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Intel Core i5-13500T ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3600 (2 x 8 GB) ($35)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;{{text default color}};&quot; | UHD Graphics 770 (integrated)&lt;br&gt;Entry-level TV tuner card ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 500 W Bronze power supply ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 16 W
| style=&quot;background: #dfd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 160 W
|-
| style=&quot;background: #dfb;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Mid-range'''
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$800
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Premium mini ITX case ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | B660 DDR4 motherboard ($90)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Intel Core i5-13500T ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 32 GB DDR4-3600 (2 x 16 GB) ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | UHD Graphics 770 (integrated)&lt;br&gt;Mid-range TV tuner card ($100)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 2 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($130)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 500 W Bronze power supply ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 17 W
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 165 W
|-
| style=&quot;background: #ffb;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Upper mid-range'''
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$1000
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Premium mini ITX case ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | B760 DDR5 motherboard ($140)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Intel Core i7-13700T ($380)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 32 GB DDR5-4800 (2 x 16 GB) ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | UHD Graphics 770 (integrated)&lt;br&gt;Mid-range TV tuner card ($100)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 2 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($130)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 500 W Bronze power supply ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 18 W
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 177 W
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fdb;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Lower high-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$1200
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | Premium mini ITX case ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | B760 DDR5 motherboard ($140)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | Intel Core i7-13700T ($380)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | 32 GB DDR5-5600 (2 x 16 GB) ($100)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | UHD Graphics 770 (integrated)&lt;br&gt;High-end TV tuner card ($180)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | 4 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | 500 W Bronze power supply ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | 18 W
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | 177 W
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fbb;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''High-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$1500
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Premium mini ITX case ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | B760 DDR5 motherboard ($140)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Intel Core i7-13700T ($380)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 32 GB DDR5-6400 (2 x 16 GB) ($150)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | UHD Graphics 770 (integrated)&lt;br&gt;Dual high-end TV tuner cards ($360)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 4 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 500 W Bronze power supply ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 20 W
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 197 W
|}

===Workstation===
{{Info|Workstation builds are for professionals who will fully leverage the features offered. You don't need a workstation for casual or even professional video editing, music production, CAD, programming, etc. Amateurs, hobbyists, and small businesses can save quite a bit of money by simply running workstation applications on consumer class hardware. In many cases a high end gaming PC will provide equivalent performance at a fraction of the cost of a workstation. For these users, simply adding the peripherals used by specific workstation setups can effectively turn their normal computers into a sort of psuedo-workstation.}}

A workstation was originally a single-user computer with more muscle than a PC intended to support a demanding technical application, like CAD or complicated array-based simulations of real world phenomena. Once the domain of cutting edge computer companies, this category has experienced a rebirth as high performance and reliable PCs for professional use. Unlike a gaming PC, reliability becomes much more important - Time is money after all.

For any of the following uses, you will want
* A solid and reliable power supply
* A processor and motherboard platform that supports [[wikipedia:ECC_memory|ECC memory]].
* Lots of ECC memory more reliability.
* A 64 bit version of the OS to take full advantage of the extra ram and software features used by many workstation programs.
* A GPU that can run desired applications on multiple high resolution displays.

{| class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;
|+ class=&quot;nowrap&quot; | Typical PC build by budget
! style=&quot;background: #ddd;{{text default color}};&quot; | PC level
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; | Budget
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; | PC case
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; | Motherboard
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; | CPU
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; | CPU cooler
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; | RAM
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; | Graphics
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; | Storage
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; | Power supply
|-
| style=&quot;background: #dfb;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Mid-range'''
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$800
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Basic micro ATX case ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | B660 DDR4 motherboard ($100)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Intel Core i5-12600K ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Air tower cooler ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3600 CL16 (2 x 8 GB) ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Nvidia RTX A1000 8 GB ($300)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 650 W Tier C power supply ($70)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #ffb;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Upper mid-range'''
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$1000
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Basic micro ATX case ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | B660 DDR4 motherboard ($100)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Intel Core i5-13600K ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Air tower cooler ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3600 CL16 (2 x 8 GB) ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Nvidia RTX A2000 6 GB ($400)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 3.0 SSD ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 650 W Tier C power supply ($70)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fdb;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Lower high-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$1200
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | Basic micro ATX case ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | B660 DDR4 motherboard ($100)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | Intel Core i5-13600K ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | Air tower cooler ($40)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | 32 GB DDR4-3600 CL16 (2 x 16 GB) ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | Nvidia RTX A2000 12 GB ($500)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | 750 W Tier A power supply ($100)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fbb;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''High-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$1500
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Basic micro ATX case ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | B760 DDR5 motherboard ($140)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Intel Core i7-13700K ($330)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 240mm AIO cooler ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 32 GB DDR5-6000 CL30 (2 x 16 GB) ($110)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Nvidia RTX 2000 Ada 16 GB ($650)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 1 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($70)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 750 W Tier A power supply ($100)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fbd;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Upper high-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fde;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$2000
| style=&quot;background: #fde;{{text default color}};&quot; | Premium ATX case ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;{{text default color}};&quot; | Z790 DDR5 motherboard ($240)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;{{text default color}};&quot; | Intel Core i7-14700K ($380)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;{{text default color}};&quot; | 240mm AIO cooler ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;{{text default color}};&quot; | 32 GB DDR5-6400 CL32 (2 x 16 GB) ($120)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;{{text default color}};&quot; | Nvidia RTX 2000 Ada 16 GB ($650)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;{{text default color}};&quot; | 2 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($130)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;{{text default color}};&quot; | 850 W Tier A power supply ($120)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fbf;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Flagship'''
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$2500
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;{{text default color}};&quot; | Premium ATX case ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;{{text default color}};&quot; | Z790 DDR5 motherboard ($240)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;{{text default color}};&quot; | Intel Core i7-14700K ($380)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;{{text default color}};&quot; | 240mm AIO cooler ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;{{text default color}};&quot; | 48 GB DDR5-7200 CL34 (2 x 24 GB) ($200)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;{{text default color}};&quot; | Nvidia RTX 4000 Ada 20 GB ($1200)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;{{text default color}};&quot; | 2 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($130)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;{{text default color}};&quot; | 850 W Tier A power supply ($120)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #dbf;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''True flagship'''
| style=&quot;background: #edf;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$3000
| style=&quot;background: #edf;{{text default color}};&quot; | Premium ATX case ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;{{text default color}};&quot; | Z790 DDR5 motherboard ($240)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;{{text default color}};&quot; | Intel Core i7-14700K ($380)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;{{text default color}};&quot; | 360mm AIO cooler ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;{{text default color}};&quot; | 64 GB DDR5-7200 CL34 (2 x 32 GB) ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;{{text default color}};&quot; | Nvidia RTX 4000 Ada 20 GB ($1200)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;{{text default color}};&quot; | 4 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;{{text default color}};&quot; | 1000 W Tier A power supply ($150)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bbd;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Ultimate flagship'''
| style=&quot;background: #dde;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$4000
| style=&quot;background: #dde;{{text default color}};&quot; | Premium ATX case ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;{{text default color}};&quot; | X670E DDR5 motherboard ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Ryzen 9 7950X ($480)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;{{text default color}};&quot; | 360mm AIO cooler ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;{{text default color}};&quot; | 96 GB DDR5-6400 CL36 (2 x 48 GB) ($350)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;{{text default color}};&quot; | Nvidia RTX 4500 Ada 24 GB ($2200)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;{{text default color}};&quot; | 4 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;{{text default color}};&quot; | 1000 W Tier A power supply ($150)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Ultimate flagship v2'''
| style=&quot;background: #dee;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$6000
| style=&quot;background: #dee;{{text default color}};&quot; | Premium ATX case ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;{{text default color}};&quot; | TRX50 DDR5 motherboard ($900)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Ryzen Threadripper 7960X ($1200)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;{{text default color}};&quot; | Workstation-specific cooler ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;{{text default color}};&quot; | 192 GB DDR5-6000 CL30 (4 x 48 GB) ($600)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;{{text default color}};&quot; | Nvidia RTX 4500 Ada 24 GB ($2200)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;{{text default color}};&quot; | 2 x 4 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD RAID0 array ($500)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;{{text default color}};&quot; | 1200 W Tier A power supply ($200)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bdb;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Ultimate flagship v3'''
| style=&quot;background: #ded;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$10000
| style=&quot;background: #ded;{{text default color}};&quot; | Premium ATX case ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;{{text default color}};&quot; | TRX50 DDR5 motherboard ($900)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Ryzen Threadripper 7970X ($2400)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;{{text default color}};&quot; | Workstation-specific cooler ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;{{text default color}};&quot; | 384 GB DDR5-6000 CL30 (8 x 48 GB) ($1200)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;{{text default color}};&quot; | Nvidia RTX 6000 Ada 48 GB ($6500)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;{{text default color}};&quot; | 4 x 4 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD RAID0 array ($1000)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;{{text default color}};&quot; | 1500 W Tier A power supply ($280)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #ddb;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Ultimate flagship v4'''
| style=&quot;background: #eed;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$20000
| style=&quot;background: #eed;{{text default color}};&quot; | Premium ATX case ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #eed;{{text default color}};&quot; | TRX50 DDR5 motherboard ($900)
| style=&quot;background: #eed;{{text default color}};&quot; | AMD Ryzen Threadripper 7980X ($4700)
| style=&quot;background: #eed;{{text default color}};&quot; | Workstation-specific cooler ($250)
| style=&quot;background: #eed;{{text default color}};&quot; | 512 GB DDR5-6400 CL32 (8 x 64 GB) ($2000)
| style=&quot;background: #eed;{{text default color}};&quot; | Dual Nvidia RTX 6000 Ada 48 GB GPUs (96 GB total) ($13000)
| style=&quot;background: #eed;{{text default color}};&quot; | 4 x 4 TB PCIe 4.0 SSD RAID0 array ($1000)
| style=&quot;background: #eed;{{text default color}};&quot; | 2000 W Tier A power supply ($500)
|}


====Video editing====
Big and fast storage drives are key. Solid State Drives in RAID0 as working space with multiple multi Terabyte or larger drives for storage is a good target. A large amount of memory  would be beneficial, as would a fast CPU, with many cores/threads, especially if you intend to render effects or wish to quickly transcode video. Most editing and transcoding programs utilize some form of GPU acceleration (primarily OpenCL and/or CUDA), where the graphics processor is used, along with the CPU, to perform many calculations at the same time, greatly reducing processing time, compared to CPU-only processing.

====Music production====

Plenty of disk space and RAM is important, but a music production (recording and mixing) workstation is chiefly distinguished by specialized external components – studio reference monitors instead of normal speakers, mixing consoles, microphones, etc. Even the acoustics of the room your computer is in becomes an important factor. If you want to record external sources, like vocals or instruments, you'll need an audio interface which allows you to plug mics or instruments into your computer.

Computers meant to be installed near live recordings often use near or totally silent cooling solutions.

Audio interfaces allow anything from a single microphone or instrument on up to pro level systems that have 32 or more simultaneous inputs. These separate inputs will allow you to record each one as a separate track in your DAW. Most use Steinberg's ASIO interface (a software driver that connects your hardware to your DAW software). If you don't wish to invest in anything other than the onboard sound card your computer comes with, consider ASIO4All, a free driver that imitates the ASIO framework for almost any sound card.

One piece of advice, if you have extra money, get better microphones - even if you have to trade the Bluesmobile.

====CAD/CAM====
('''C'''omputer '''A'''ssisted '''D'''esign / '''C'''omputer '''A'''ided '''M'''anufacturing)

A CAD/CAM workstation is usually a machine that runs a single, very intense, application. These machines often utilize specialized video hardware, like the [[w:Nvidia Quadro|Nvidia Quadro]] and[[w:Radeon Pro|AMD Radeon Pro]] series of GPUs, which are designed specifically for CAD/CAM rendering. Since these machines are usually devoted to a single, expensive, application it's especially important to pay close attention to the requirements of that application. Spec the hardware to support the software - always a good idea but especially important here. 

Some examples of this specialized software are [[w:Autodesk 3ds Max|Autodesk 3ds Max]], [[w:Autodesk Maya|Autodesk Maya]], [[w:AutoCAD|AutoCAD]], [[w:Cinema 4D|Cinema 4D]] and [[w:Maxwell Render|Maxwell Render]] amongst [[w:Comparison of computer-aided design editors|many others]].

=== Mining rig ===
A mining rig is a computer designed to mine cryptocurrency with the use of multiple high-end GPUs. Graphics cards are the most important for mining. You should get a case and motherboard that are specifically designed for multiple graphics cards. To supply all of power to the components, you will need a Gold or better power supply capable of supplying lots of power. CPU, RAM and storage are the lowest priorities.
{| class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;
|+ class=&quot;nowrap&quot; | Typical PC build by budget
! style=&quot;background: #ddd;{{text default color}};&quot; | PC level
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; | Budget
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; | PC case
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; | Motherboard
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; | CPU
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; | CPU cooler
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; | RAM
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; | Graphics
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; | Storage
! style=&quot;background: #eee;{{text default color}};&quot; | Power supply
|-
| style=&quot;background: #dfb;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Mid-range'''
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$800
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Basic ATX case ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | B660 DDR4 motherboard ($100)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Intel Celeron G6900 ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3200 (2 x 8 GB) ($30)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Nvidia GeForce RTX 4060 Ti 8 GB ($400)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD ($15)
| style=&quot;background: #efd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 600 W Gold power supply ($140)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #ffb;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Upper mid-range'''
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$1000
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Basic ATX case ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | B660 DDR4 motherboard ($100)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Intel Celeron G6900 ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3200 (2 x 8 GB) ($30)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Nvidia GeForce RTX 4070 12 GB ($600)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD ($15)
| style=&quot;background: #ffd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 650 W Gold power supply ($150)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fdb;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Lower high-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$1200
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | Basic ATX case ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | B660 DDR4 motherboard ($100)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | Intel Celeron G6900 ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3200 (2 x 8 GB) ($30)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | Nvidia GeForce RTX 4070 Ti 12 GB ($800)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD ($15)
| style=&quot;background: #fed;{{text default color}};&quot; | 750 W Gold power supply ($190)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fbb;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''High-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$1500
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Basic ATX case ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | B660 DDR4 motherboard ($100)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Intel Celeron G6900 ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3200 (2 x 8 GB) ($30)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | Nvidia GeForce RTX 4080 16 GB ($1150)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD ($15)
| style=&quot;background: #fdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | 850 W Gold power supply ($230)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fbd;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Upper high-end'''
| style=&quot;background: #fde;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$2000
| style=&quot;background: #fde;{{text default color}};&quot; | Basic ATX case ($80)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;{{text default color}};&quot; | B660 DDR4 motherboard ($100)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;{{text default color}};&quot; | Intel Celeron G6900 ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;{{text default color}};&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;{{text default color}};&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3200 (2 x 8 GB) ($30)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;{{text default color}};&quot; | Nvidia GeForce RTX 4090 24 GB ($1600)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;{{text default color}};&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD ($15)
| style=&quot;background: #fde;{{text default color}};&quot; | 1000 W Gold power supply ($280)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fbf;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Flagship'''
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$2500
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;{{text default color}};&quot; | Premium ATX case ($160)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;{{text default color}};&quot; | B760 DDR5 motherboard ($140)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;{{text default color}};&quot; | Intel Celeron G6900 ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;{{text default color}};&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;{{text default color}};&quot; | 16 GB DDR5-4800 (2 x 8 GB) ($55)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;{{text default color}};&quot; | Nvidia GeForce RTX 4090 24 GB ($1600)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;{{text default color}};&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD ($15)
| style=&quot;background: #fdf;{{text default color}};&quot; | 1200 W Gold power supply ($340)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #dbf;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''True flagship'''
| style=&quot;background: #edf;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$3000
| style=&quot;background: #edf;{{text default color}};&quot; | Mining case (6 GPUs) ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;{{text default color}};&quot; | Biostar TB360-BTC PRO 2.0 ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;{{text default color}};&quot; | Intel Core i3-8100 ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;{{text default color}};&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;{{text default color}};&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3200 (2 x 8 GB) ($30)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;{{text default color}};&quot; | 2 x Nvidia GeForce RTX 4080 16 GB (32 GB total) ($2300)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;{{text default color}};&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD ($15)
| style=&quot;background: #edf;{{text default color}};&quot; | 1200 W Gold power supply ($340)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bbd;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Ultimate flagship'''
| style=&quot;background: #dde;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$4000
| style=&quot;background: #dde;{{text default color}};&quot; | Mining case (6 GPUs) ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;{{text default color}};&quot; | Biostar TB360-BTC PRO 2.0 ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;{{text default color}};&quot; | Intel Core i3-8100 ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;{{text default color}};&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;{{text default color}};&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3200 (2 x 8 GB) ($30)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;{{text default color}};&quot; | 2 x Nvidia GeForce RTX 4090 24 GB (48 GB total) ($3200)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;{{text default color}};&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD ($15)
| style=&quot;background: #dde;{{text default color}};&quot; | 1500 W Gold power supply ($420)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bdd;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Ultimate flagship v2'''
| style=&quot;background: #dee;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$6000
| style=&quot;background: #dee;{{text default color}};&quot; | Mining case (6 GPUs) ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;{{text default color}};&quot; | Biostar TB360-BTC PRO 2.0 ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;{{text default color}};&quot; | Intel Core i3-8100 ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;{{text default color}};&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;{{text default color}};&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3200 (2 x 8 GB) ($30)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;{{text default color}};&quot; | 3 x Nvidia GeForce RTX 4090 24 GB (72 GB total) ($4800)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;{{text default color}};&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD ($15)
| style=&quot;background: #dee;{{text default color}};&quot; | 2300 W Platinum power supply ($800)
|-
| style=&quot;background: #bdb;{{text default color}};&quot; | '''Ultimate flagship v3'''
| style=&quot;background: #ded;{{text default color}};&quot; | ~$10000
| style=&quot;background: #ded;{{text default color}};&quot; | Mining case (6 GPUs) ($50)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;{{text default color}};&quot; | Biostar TB360-BTC PRO 2.0 ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;{{text default color}};&quot; | Intel Core i3-8100 ($60)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;{{text default color}};&quot; | Intel stock cooler (included)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;{{text default color}};&quot; | 16 GB DDR4-3200 (2 x 8 GB) ($30)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;{{text default color}};&quot; | 6 x Nvidia GeForce RTX 4090 24 GB (144 GB total) ($9600)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;{{text default color}};&quot; | 240 GB SATA SSD ($15)
| style=&quot;background: #ded;{{text default color}};&quot; | Dual 2300 W Platinum power supplies ($1600)
|}

== Do I plan on overclocking my computer? ==
[[File:Cooler Master Hyper 212 Plus vs. Intel Stock.jpg|thumb|An aftermarket CPU heatsink side by side with a stock heatsink. Larger heatsinks help keep components cool during overclocking, and larger fans often help either move much more air through a system for the same level of noise, or move the same amount of air for much less noise.]]
Overclocking consists of running components at faster internal speeds than they are rated for, gaining a bit of extra performance out of the part. If you are serious about overclocking your computer, you need to do extensive research into the components you select, as some parts respond to overclocking better than others. Overclocking usually voids your warranty and is risky as you can shorten the life of your components or even burn them out completely! You need to take cooling the computer more seriously as overclocking generates additional heat. Anything from a few extra fans to a liquid-cooled system may be necessary depending on the nature of your system.

Many parts that are the same model can overclock differently due to manufacturer binning, leading to a &quot;Silicon Lottery&quot; of sorts. For example, consider three different Raptor Lake 13700K CPUs that are installed in identical systems - a good chip can clock up to about 5.7 GHz, an excellent one may be able to hit 6.1 GHz, while a bad one may stop at 5.3 GHz. If you are willing to pay more, some vendors sell pre-binned CPUs which have been previously tested to overclock well.

Most AMD processors can be overclocked. For Intel processors, only the K series CPUs (which cost about $20-40 USD more than the normal version) and the Extreme Series generally allow full overclocking.

== Do I plan on underclocking my computer? == 
This can be ideal for always-on entertainment systems. Underclocked parts run cooler, often enabling passive cooling options to be used, which leads to a much quieter system, and you'll also save on power.

However, you'll lose performance from the CPU. You may wish to ''undervolt'' the CPU instead; see the [[../Silencing|Silencing]] section to find out how.

== Can I use any of the parts from my old computer? ==
[[File:2017 mid range pc in late 1990s case.jpg|thumb|A 2017 PC built in a case from the 1990's. While this decision sacrifices front IO and modern airflow designs, it does save money on the case. Some communities exist that build &quot;Sleeper PCs&quot;, modern high performance computers built to look like under powered or obsolete computers.]]
This depends on your situation; if your computer is more than four years old, chances are that most of the parts will be too old, slow or incompatible for your new machine. On the other hand, if you are upgrading from a fairly new machine, you may be able to use many of the parts. All of this assumes the old computer will no longer be used. If you, or someone else, is going to continue using your old computer, it's probably best just to leave it intact.

One important point – if you are selling your old computer it's a good idea to erase the hard drive before giving it to its new owner. A simple 'delete' command does not actually erase the data on your hard drive,leaving things like financial documents, passwords, healthcare records, browser history, and personal photos potentially recoverable through easy to use recovery software. To avoid this, programs are available that will effectively 'shred' your data, making it unrecoverable. Driver software that comes with some hard drives may also have programs to do this, that write 0s or 1s (either way, &quot;blankness&quot;) to the whole drive. Lower-tech approaches include drilling a few holes in the drive or taking a blowtorch to it. Obviously, either prevents it from being used again (Be planet friendly and try to avoid this).

Since monitor technology moves quite slowly, you can probably keep your current monitor and use it on the new computer if it's of sufficient size and clarity for your work. The same can go for keyboards, as well as mice, printers, scanners, and possibly speaker sets. On the inside, you may be able to take out the storage drive, and expansion cards. If your components are especially old, the features integrated into the motherboard may actually be superior to your old components, so testing with and without these your old devices is recommended. Sometimes so much is used from the old computer, that the line between an upgrade and a new computer can become blurred.

Reusing a hard drive is an easy way to keep data from your old computer. With most Windows operating systems moving a boot drive from one motherboard to another will entail a series of reboots and installation of new drivers. Back up your data before trying this, and note that Windows will usually ask you to reactivate. Keep the licence key ready.

== Where do I find the parts? ==
[[File:The Apple Department at the Queens, NY Micro Center.jpg|thumb|Computer retailers can be a handy source for parts, and often offer easy returns.]]
Once you have decided what you’re going to use your computer for, and have reviewed which parts are available for reuse, you should make a list of what components you will need to buy. A few hours of research can save you years of regret, so make sure that the computer you build will do what you need it to do. 

Computer terminology can be confusing, so if there are terms you don’t understand, be sure to look them up. Wikipedia is an excellent place to start if, for example, you’re not clear on the difference between, say, DDR4 and DDR5 memory.

There are several places to buy parts:

* '''Internet retailers''' generally offer the best price for new parts. If a part needs to be returned, you may be stuck for the shipping; check return policies before you purchase.
* '''Auction sites''' like eBay and several others offer very good prices for used parts. This is especially useful for parts which do not wear out, like RAM, and unlike HDD/SSDs. Returns can be problematic or impossible. Some auctions may not be legitimate. Always check the shipping cost before you bid.
* '''Local PC shops''' - Their prices are often higher, but they may make up for this by providing a lot of expertise. Get opinions from other sources, however, as they may be eager to sell you parts you don't need.
* '''Big box stores''' often lack technical expertise and charge higher prices, but can be useful because they usually handle returns quickly. Also good if you need something right away.
* '''Trade shows''' that occur from time to time also provide a good place to shop, as the prices are often significantly reduced, and the variety of prefabricated computers built towards specific computing needs tend to be higher.

Also, your local town dump may have a special section for computers and monitors that others have got rid of. These can be more or less brand new computers with trivial problems such as a busted power supply or faulty cables. Of course if the dump does have such a section, you should ask permission of those in charge. They're usually glad to let you go through it, but don't leave a mess. Taking advantage of this can yield incredible finds, with a price tag of nothing or very little.
=== OEM vs Retail ===
[[File:AMD Ryzen 7 PRO 4750G 6913.jpg|thumb|An OEM CPU: AMD Ryzen 7 Pro 4750G.]]
Many hardware manufacturers will sell the same components in both OEM and Retail versions. Retail hardware is intended to be sold to the end-user through retail channels, and will come fully packaged with manuals, accessories, software, etc. OEM stands for &quot;original equipment manufacturer&quot;; items labeled as such are intended to be sold in bulk for use by firms which integrate the components into their own products. 

However, many online stores will offer OEM hardware at (slightly) cheaper prices than the corresponding retail versions. You will usually receive such an item by itself in an anti-static bag. It may or may not come with a manual or a CD containing drivers. Warranties on OEM parts may often be shorter or nonexistent, and sometimes require you to obtain support through your vendor, rather than the manufacturer. OEM components are also sometimes specified differently than their retail counterparts, parts may be clocked slower, and ports or features may be missing. Some of the support may be less (as in the case of Microsoft). Again, do your research.

== What should affect the choice of any part/peripheral? ==
Many things should be taken into account when deciding what parts to buy. Below are some things to consider.

=== Compatibility ===
You’ll want to make sure that all the parts you buy work together without problems. The CPU, the motherboard, and the RAM in particular must be compatible with each other. Check the motherboard manufacturer's web site; most will list compatible RAM and processors. Often quality RAM that is not on the approved list (but is of the proper type) will work anyway, but the manufacturers list of processors should be rigidly adhered to, as even when a processor is supported by the socket on the motherboard, the motherboard firmware may not support it.

You’ll also want to make sure that your operating system supports the hardware you choose. Windows is supported by almost everything, though watch out for older components if you're planning on using Windows 11. If you have any interest in running Linux, or another operating system now or in the future, buy parts that are supported by that OS (Operating System). Check online to make sure there is no history of your chosen components causing issues when used together, or with software you plan on running.

=== Ergonomics ===
[[File:Delux M618 vertical mouse.jpg|thumb|This ergonomic mouse looks strange, but it is designed to reduce strain on your hands.]]
Ergonomics is the science of designing things so that they work with the human body. This is obviously important when choosing peripherals such as a keyboard or mouse but should also be considered when selecting a monitor, and especially when setting up the computer for your use. If your wrist hurts or you’re getting a crick in your neck, look at the physical setup of your computer, check your chair height and posture. An ounce of prevention here can avert troublesome repetitive strain injuries. Learning to type without looking down at the keyboard is very useful for avoiding neck strain.

=== Operating temperature ===
[[File:No blue smoke.jpg|thumb|A computer chip that has burnt out. Preventing damage like this is much easier than repairing it.]]
Modern components, notably processors, GPUs, RAM, and some elements on the motherboard, are very small and draw a lot of power. A small area doing a lot of work with a lot of power leads to high temperatures. Various factors can cause electronic parts to break down over time and all of these factors are exacerbated by heat. Very high temperatures can burn out chips almost instantly, while running hot can shorten the useful life of a part, so the cooler we can make these parts, the better.

If you are not going to overclock your system, stock air cooling, when paired with a good case with adequate fans, should be enough to keep your system cool. If you want a quiet computer then components designed for passive (fan-less) cooling can be paired with very low noise case fans (or a well-vented case). In general, high-end parts will require more attention to cooling.

To keep your system at a proper operating temperature, you can monitor vital components with software (which usually comes with your motherboard). If you are seeing high temps, make sure the interior of your case is dust free, and remember that most cooling solutions can not reduce the temperature of your computer parts below room temperature. Of course, unless you happen to have your computer outdoors in a climate such as the Sahara, room temperature will be well within the thermal limits of any component on your computer.

Which brings us to overclocking. It's specialty cooling solutions that make overclocking possible, a processor that might run stable at a maximum of 4.4 GHz at {{convert|65|C|F}} could hit speeds as high as 5.6 GHz with specialized cooling systems. A sensible person wanting a 20% overclock could add a special fan/heatsink to his CPU and some extra case fans. An enthusiast seeking a major overclock might go with a water-cooling solution for the CPU and GPU and sometimes other chips. The real fanatics have been known to use liquid nitrogen or total immersion in pure water or oil. You should not try any of the more extreme solutions unless you really know what you're doing.

=== Price ===
Today, there are a wide array of hardware components and peripherals tailored to fit every home computing need and budget. With all these options to choose from, it can be a bit overwhelming if you've never bought computer parts before. Shop around and remember to factor in shipping and handling, and taxes. Some places may be priced a bit higher, but offer perks such as free shipping, limited warranties, or 24-hour tech support. Many websites, such as [http://www.cnet.com CNET] and [http://www.zdnet.com ZDNet] offer comprehensive reviews, user ratings, and links to stores, including price comparisons. 

Since prices for any given part are always falling, it’s tempting to just wait until the part you want goes down in price. Unfortunately the reason prices decline is that better/faster parts are coming out all the time, so the part you want this year that costs $500 may well be $300 next year, but by that time you won’t want it any more, you’ll want the new, better part that still costs $500. At some point you’ve got to get on the bus and ride, even if the prices are still falling.

Usually the best bet is to buy just behind the bleeding edge, where, typically, you can get 90% of the performance of the top of the line part for 50% or 60% of the price. That last 10% is very expensive and if you don’t need it, you can save a lot of money with the second-tier part. 

It's a good idea to think about future upgradeability when selecting some components. While the computer that you're building today may be fine for your current needs you may want to upgrade it later. So look for components that support the newest standards and have room for future expansion, like a motherboard that will allow you to fit more memory than you are planning to use, or a case that has room for extra storage drives. If your current machine is maxed out the only possible upgrade is often a new machine.

You may also find that by over-specifying in some areas you can save money on others, e.g. if you don't currently need WiFi but you do need Bluetooth then you might want to purchase a WiFi card anyway as some of the higher end WiFi cards also support Bluetooth.

=== Performance ===
If money is no object just buy the most powerful components you can find. If, like most of us, there are limits to what you can/want to spend, then focus on those areas where more powerful parts will pay off for you and scrimp on others. Always look for that sweet spot on the price/performance curve where you get the most bang for your buck. When deciding where to cut back, remember that you have the option to upgrade in the future. Some components are easier to upgrade then others such as RAM, where an upgrade is as simple as popping more into a free slot. Other upgrades, such as replacing the CPU or GPU with a better model are more costly, as the original often serves no purpose following the upgrade (But may be resold online to recoup some of the cost).

== Primary components ==
These are the components that will be the core of your new computer. It is impractical to put together a PC compatible computer without these components and a bare set of peripherals.

[[Image:Personal_computer,_exploded_4.svg|right|thumb|350px|Exploded view of a personal computer:
&lt;br&gt;1 [[w:Computer display|Monitor]]
&lt;br&gt;2 [[w:Personal computer#Motherboard|Motherboard]]
&lt;br&gt;3 [[w:Personal computer#Central processing unit|CPU (Microprocessor)]]
&lt;br&gt;4 [[w:Advanced Technology Attachment|ATA]] sockets
&lt;br&gt;5 [[w:Personal computer#Main memory|Main memory (RAM)]]
&lt;br&gt;6 [[w:Expansion card|Expansion cards]]
&lt;br&gt;7 [[w:Power supply unit|Power supply unit]]
&lt;br&gt;8 [[w:Optical disc|Optical disc drive]]
&lt;br&gt;9 [[w:Personal computer#Hard disk drive|Hard disk drive (HDD)]]
&lt;br&gt;10 [[w:Computer_keyboard|Keyboard]]
&lt;br&gt;11 [[w:Mouse (computing)|Mouse]] 
]]

=== Case ===
{{Wikipedia| ATX#Power_supply}}
The case is one of the most practical straightforward parts of a computer. A case can also be aesthetically pleasing, and help improve your computing experience.

==== Form factor ====
Form factor is the specification that provides the physical measurements for the size of components supported. Your case should support one or more of the following common formfactors. It's a good idea to match the formfactor of a case with a motherboard.

=====Large Form Factors=====
* [[Wikipedia:EATX|EATX]] or Extended ATX boards are {{convert|12|x|13|in|cm}}. This format is almost exclusive to workstation and high end gaming computers.
* [[Wikipedia:ATX|ATX]] is the most common form factor and is the de facto standard. Supports about 7 expansion slots.

These formfactors offer the most amount of flexibility in expansion. These spacious cases are often easy to work in, but hard to move around.

=====Small Form Factors=====
* [[Wikipedia:microATX|microATX]], or µATX, is smaller than standard ATX. Many cases that support ATX also allow micro-ATX. Supports about 4 expansion slots.
* [[Wikipedia:Mini-ITX|Mini-ITX]] is even smaller at {{convert|6.75|in|cm}} square. Supports at most one expansion slot.

These form-factors let you build relatively small and even portable computers, ideal for taking to LAN parties or for people who frequently move.

Slim cases are offered in these form factors. These cases are significantly thinner than regular cases. However, you will be limited to using slim expansion cards as well. You may also need to use laptop components in some areas to save space depending on the case.

Particularly small cases can be hard to work in and offer limited expansion. They may have airflow problems, and cable management can be a challenge. You may need to find low profile cooling units, and the case may not support regular sized power supplies. You may also want to get angled cables or adapters if spacing between parts is tight, and you suspect it would make your work easier.

==== Drive Bays ====
Internal storage drives take up space in the case, so make sure you consider how many drives you will need and what size slot they require. Not all cases support every drive size.

There are several bay sizes, and each has a typical use.
* 5.25&quot; bays typically hold optical drives, fan controllers, or other accessories, and are external facing.
* 3.5&quot; external bays are typically used for smaller versions of accessories found in 5.25&quot; bays (But not optical drives).
* 3.5&quot; internal bays are used for holding desktop hard disks or an SSD.
* 2.5&quot; bays are typically used for holding an SSD or laptop size hard disk.
Note that it's possible to buy adapters to fit items that go in small bays (usually hard drives) into large bays.

Many cases offer modular drive bays, which can be removed if they are not needed to make space for other components. This can be useful if a drive bay is getting in the way of another component, such as a long graphics card.

Some cases designed for minimalist aesthetics or gaming will not use external drive bays to make room for better airflow. If you use a case like this and need an optical drive, you will have to get an external drive.

If you are planning on using an M.2 SSD, your motherboard will provide a slot for your storage device. Some cases will have dedicated mounting points for 2.5&quot; storage drives, which can free up space in other areas of the case.

==== Front IO ====
Almost all cases will feature a power on button on the front of the case. Other common IO featured on the front of cases includes audio jacks, USB ports, a reset button, status lights, and other features. 

It's important to consider where the front IO is on the case you buy, and how it factors into your workspace. For example, if your case will just barely fit under your desk, IO located on the very top of your case could be hard to use.

In rare instances when you are not purchasing a new case you need new to get front IO separately from your case, (For example, when using an very old, nonstandard, or DIY case) there are simple kits available that give you a power button and a few IO ports. Alternatively you can manually use a jumper each time you want to turn the computer on, though this is somewhat tedious.

==== Computer Aesthetics ====
Cases are typically made of steel or more rarely aluminum, and usually have accents made out of plastic. More exotic case materials are sometimes used such as wood.

Some cases hide their 5.25&quot; bays with a door for a cleaner look. This has a practical benefit of helping reduce drive noise.

A quality case will include features that make it easier to manage cables. Besides looking better, by keeping cables out of the way and orderly, maintenance and troubleshooting is made easier.

Cases typically mount the power supply in either the top of the case, or the bottom. Some higher end cases will have a separate chamber for the power supply, assisting cable management and giving it a degree separation from the hot components in the rest of the case.

Many cases will have windows installed. These provide a view into the system, and can highlight nice looking components. When moving a computer with a windowed case, keep in mind that an acrylic window will easily scratch, and a glass window may shatter. A solid sheet of metal is best when it comes to blocking noise and durability.

Many gamers use components with RGB lighting to give their computer flair. Keep in mind that there aren't really unified standards for RGB lighting, so if you want to mix and match between different manufacturers and coordinate the resulting lightshow you'll need to use multiple software products at the same time. RGB LED light strips, or their older counterpart cold cathode lights can be used to provide lighting if your components lack integrated lights.

Some cases feature integral noise reducing foam, offering a clean look while providing the benefits of noise reduction.

Many people like to [[w:Case modding|mod their cases]]. There are many easy mods that can be done before your computer is built (And all electronics are removed from the case), such as painting the case a different color, or giving it a funky coat of paint through [[w:Water transfer printing|Hydro dipping]]

A case stand can be a good tool to use if you plan on placing your computer on the ground, as it creates additional clearance from things such as dirt, dust, and carpets.

You may want to use a dust cover for unused ports. This helps you avoid trying to plug in devices into the wrong ports when reaching behind a case, and helps make cleaning easier. Dust covers also exist for external peripherals such as monitors if you plan on storing them away for a while.

===Cooling===
==== Fans ====
[[File:Fans from computer case - front and back - 2018-05-22.jpg|thumb|Two fans of different sizes.]]

Most cases mount one or more case fans, distinct from the fans that may be attached to the power supply, video card and CPU. The purpose of a case mounted fan is to move air through the system and carry excess heat out. This is why some cases may have two or more fans mounted in a push-pull configuration (one fan pulls cool outside air in, the other pushes hot interior air out). The more air these fans can move, the cooler things will generally be. 

Fans for case cooling currently come in two common sizes, 80&amp;nbsp;mm and 120&amp;nbsp;mm, and computer cases tend to support one size or the other. The larger 120&amp;nbsp;mm fans spin more slowly while moving a given volume of air, and slower fans are usually quieter fans, so the 120&amp;nbsp;mm fans are generally preferred, even though they cost a little more. Good 80&amp;nbsp;mm fans can still be fairly quiet, so while fan size is a factor, it shouldn't be a deal-breaker if the case has other features you like.

Make sure the power plug on the chosen case fan is supported by your motherboard; 3- and 4-pin connectors are common. Fans can also be powered directly by the PSU, but in that configuration, the motherboard can't control or report the fan's speed.

Variable speed fans with built-in temperature sensing are available. Variable speed fans tend to run quieter than constant speed fans, as they only move as much air as needed to maintain a set temperature within the case or the power supply box. Under typical operating conditions they may be barely audible.

Since fans run continuously when the computer is turned on, bearing selection may be important for long life. 
* The least expensive fans use '''sleeve bearings'''. As the fan ages, the lubricant in the sleeve bearing dries out and eventually the bearing wears, allowing the fan blade to nutate or vibrate, making it very noisy. In severe cases the bearing may seize and the fan will stop turning entirely, possibly jeopardizing the computer when ventilation fails. 
* The most expensive fans tend to be those that use '''ball bearings''', but they also have very long service lives. It isn't uncommon for a ball bearing fan to run continuously for 7 to 10 years&amp;nbsp;— possibly longer than the useful technological life of the computer within which it is mounted. Ball bearing fans tend to be slightly noisier than sleeve bearing fans. 
* A fairly recent type of fan bearing is a '''magnetic''' or '''&quot;maglev&quot;''' bearing, which uses a magnetic field to suspend the fan rotor without physical contact. Such fans exhibit practically zero bearing wear and barring a failure in their motor drive components, have essentially an infinite service life. Maglev bearings also tend to be completely silent, and when used in a variable speed fan, can produce practically silent ventilation.

The orientation of fans inside your case can have a big impact on cooling, as well as how quickly dust builds up. Some cases will include dust traps to reduce the amount of dust entering a system. Aftermarket dust filters also exist, but can be harder to mount.

==== Water Cooling ====
[[File:Deepcool cooler.png|thumb|An all in one cooler mounted on a CPU.]]
A water cooling system will cool parts by running water over a heatsink. a pump moves the water in a closed loop, which goes to a radiator for cooling. Additional parts, such as flow sensors and quick connects, can make maintaining a water cooling setup easier. Since the radiator can be placed anywhere, it can be much bigger then a typical heatsink, allowing for more efficient cooling. Typically water cooling is used for the CPU, but it can also be used for other components, such as graphics cards. Custom water cooling setups can either use hard tubing or soft tubing. Some manufacturers make All in One (AIO) watercooling units, which is basically a water cooling solution that's prebuilt. 

Compared to air cooling, water cooling adds significant cost, complexity, and risk to a system build. However it can allow for quieter operation, and a well built water cooling setup can look great.

====Minor component cooling====
While shopping for coolers you may see passive, fan, or even water cooling solutions for RAM, chipsets, SSDs and other devices. These devices do not typically produce significant heat, and do not require additional cooling. These devices are mainly aimed at serious overclockers and those who want to improve the aesthetics of these components. However running components cooler to a point can be good for their lifespan, and adding these components typically only hurts your wallet.

=== Power Supply ===
{{Wikipedia| Power supply unit (computer)}}
[[File:Modular vs non-modular PSU.JPG|thumb|A modular power supply on the left sits next to a non-modular power supply on the right. By allowing you to select only the cables you need, Modular power supplies make cable management much easier.]]
====Power Supply Basics====
The power supply unit (PSU) is a device that converts the electricity from the power grid into a form you can use. The power supply you choose needs to supply enough stable DC power to all the components and even to some of the peripherals. It needs also to be consistent, by complying with accurate standard voltages, i.e. the 12 volt rail needs to supply 12 volts (within normal tolerances of 10% or so) steadily under any foreseeable load, likewise the 3 and 5v rails at their respective voltages. Cheap power supplies tend to fall down in these areas. There are several tech-heavy websites that actually throw a multimeter on the PSU in the course of a review, seek these out and make sure you select a quality PSU.

====PSU Specs====
Power supplies typically use one of two ratings, one being the continuous rating and the other being the peak rating. The continuous rating is how much power can be delivered indefinitely, and the peak rating is how much power can be delivered for a limited period of time. You want to go by the continuous rating to be safe. There are several calculators that try to help you select an adequate PSU for your system, which are linked in the footer.

Your power supply should have the right number of connectors for your needs e.g. six-pin PCI power, ATX12VO vs. 24-pin motherboard connectors, etc. If you are planning on running two or more video cards in SLI (NVIDIA) or Crossfire (AMD) mode, make sure your power supply is certified for that use. Most power supplies will have cables long enough for most any case, but some larger cases will make good cable management difficult with power-supplies that have shorter cables.

Cheap power supplies often require you to select your mains voltage with a switch. Higher quality power supplies have circuitry that actively adjusts for incoming voltage, and thus do not need to be told what voltage to expect. It's always a good idea to check to make sure a power supply is compatible with the mains power used in your country prior to use.

Choose an efficient PSU. Efficient PSUs run cooler and more quietly and thus do not create as much noise which is important if you plan to sleep or think in the same room with it or use it as a media center PC. They also reduce energy usage, which in turn saves money on the electric bill. 

If your budget allows, consider opting for a modular PSU. These have connectors that can be added or removed, which allows for more versatility and also reduces clutter.
The power supply also has an exhaust fan that is responsible for cooling the power supply, as well as providing a hot air exhaust for the entire case. Some power supplies have two fans to promote this effect. 

It is important to buy a power supply that can accommodate all of the components involved. A bad or inadequate power supply can fail and destroy not only itself, but potentially the rest of the computer, so it's important to get a decent one. Keep in mind that having a higher-rated power supply will not draw much more power than what your computer actually uses, but it may decrease the efficiency of the unit if significantly less power is being drawn then what the power supply is rated for.

====PSU accessories====

A surge protector is a good idea. Not only does this help protect your computer, it also can expand an outlet for more peripherals. Higher end surge protectors often include protection for network cables as well.

To supplement a PSU, consider getting an [[w:Uninterruptible Power Supply|Uninterruptible Power Supply]] (UPS). This is a device that provides a few minutes of temporary power to your computer and monitor during a brownout or blackout giving you enough time to safely shut down your computer. UPS units are typically external and look and function like big power strips. Many consumer UPS units have built in surge protectors. If you live in an area with poor power quality or frequent blackouts, a UPS can help save your PSU from significant wear.

=== CPU (processor) ===

We discuss choosing a CPU in the next chapter,
[[How To Assemble A Desktop PC/Choosing the parts/CPU]].

=== Motherboard ===
[[Image:Asus A8N-VM CSM Rev1.10G 20060626a.jpg|thumb|right|350px|A PC motherboard: IDE connectors and the motherboard power connector (white with large holes) are on the left edge. Between them and the large quadratic CPU socket in the lower middle are the longish RAM sockets. The extension slots are above the CPU socket (two white, one black) and the ports for external devices are on the right edge.]]

The motherboard is a very important part of your computer. A good motherboard allows a modest CPU and RAM to run at maximum efficiency whereas a bad motherboard restricts high-end products to run only at modest levels. Higher end motherboards often offer additional features, such as faster built in networking, better built in audio, built in Wi-Fi, a small display that shows diagnostic codes, better power delivery to support overclocking and reliability, RGB LED controllers, built in IO Shield, or other features. The difference between a cheap and a quality motherboard is typically around $100.

There are many things one must consider in choosing a motherboard: CPU interface, Chipset, form factor, expansion slot interfaces, and other connectors.

==== CPU interface ====
The CPU interface is the &quot;plug&quot; that your processor goes into. For your processor to physically fit in the motherboard, the interface must be an '''exact match''' to your processor. Intel currently has two mainstream formats, the LGA 1851 for their current (200 series) Core processors (Core Ultra 9 285K or 5 245KF) or the LGA 1700 supporting their older 12th-14th gen processors. AMD currently uses a few sockets: AM5 for their current (7000 to 9000 series) Ryzen CPUs (Ryzen 9 7950X3D or Ryzen 5 9600X), AM4 for older (5000 series and older) Ryzen processors, and TR4 for their thread ripper processors.

Check with the motherboard manufacturer to ensure that the slot on the motherboard will support the CPU you want to use. It is important to know whether the motherboard's bus can support the exact CPU you plan on using.

If the motherboard, CPU, and heatsink/fan are not compatible and installed correctly, you can destroy the CPU and/or the motherboard in a matter of seconds. Most modern processors come with a stock cooling fan which will work well at stock speeds, stick with this if you have any doubts.

====Chipset====
The Chipset is a piece of hardware integrated into the motherboard and cannot be upgraded later. This often determines what processors are supported by the motherboard, as well as how many lanes and the generation of PCI Express, USB ports, and SATA ports/slots the motherboard supports. USB and SATA ports can be expanded by add on cards, but PCI express lanes are fixed. Cheaper motherboards tend to use cheaper chipsets with reduced features.

====UEFI====
Motherboards come with a piece of software that called UEFI or BIOS in older models. This software is responsible for preparing your computer for use by an operating system, as well as for configuring low level details of your system. Features offered by UEFI or BIOS vary quite a bit between manufactures and product lines. Some UEFI or BIOS can be updated, allowing for security fixes or new features to be added after purchase, and many of these systems will feature some form of redundancy to recover from a failed update (Which otherwise may turn the motherboard into a paperweight). Other motherboards allow BIOS control of overclocking of CPU, RAM and Graphics card which are much more stable and safer for overclocking. Newer BIOS have temperature controls, and functions that shut down the computer if the temperature gets too high.

Some motherboards are supported by open source firmware like [[w:coreboot|coreboot]] which can offer a fast and secure booting environment.

==== M.2 and SATA interface ====
SATA (Serial ATA) connections for hard drives and optical drives. SATA data connections are simple - one plug, one cable, one device. SATA power connections follow the same principal.

The serial ATA (SATA) interface has a separate motherboard connection for each drive that allow independent access and can increase the speed at which drives work. The cables are also narrow, improving the flow of air inside the case.

An M.2 Slot can be found on some motherboards to add an SSD. Unlike a SATA Drive, M.2 drives are small enough to be mounted directly on the motherboard.

==== Expansion slot interfaces ====
[[Image:PCIExpress.jpg|thumb|right|300px|PCI Express slots (from top to bottom: x4, x16, x1 and x16), compared to an old 32-bit PCI slot (bottom)]]

Due to the evolution of new graphics cards on the serial PCI-Express Technology, current newer motherboards have the following connections:

* '''PCI-Express(Gen 1/2/3/4/5) 16x/8x/4x''' for mainstream graphics cards (PCI Express Gen 1 x16 is 4 times speed of AGP 8x)
* '''PCI-Express(Gen 1/2/3/4/5) 1x''' for faster expansion cards (replacing older PCI)
{| class=wikitable
|+ Comparison of PCIe generations vs AGP 8x (improvement in times)
! {{Diagonal split header|Generation|Size}}
! 1x
! 4x
! 8x
! 16x
|-
! 1
| 0.25x
| 1x
| 2x
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|-
! 2
| 0.5x
| 2x
| 4x
| 8x
|-
! 3
| 1x
| 4x
| 8x
| 16x
|-
! 4
| 2x
| 8x
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|-
! 5
| 4x
| 16x
| 32x
| 64x
|}

==== USB ====
[[Image:USB_Male_Plug_Type_A.jpg|thumb|right|Male USB &quot;A&quot; connector]]
In addition to the USB ports provided on the back panel, most motherboards will have connectors for additional ports, either on the front of the case or in a panel that fits where a PCI card might otherwise be connected. USB ports are used for connecting various peripherals such as printers, external drives, smartphones,cameras and an assortment of less serious devices like fans, and drink warmers. Given the growing popularity of USB devices, the more ports your motherboard supports, the better.

USB 3.0 ports are now available on the majority of motherboards and they are even faster than USB 2.0&amp;nbsp;— up to 5&amp;nbsp;Gbps. Although the majority of keyboards, mice and other such devices use USB2, almost all HDDs available now support the USB 3.0 standard as they are much faster under that. USB 3.0 ports are backwards compatible and can be used with USB 1 or 2 devices, although these will not receive the benefit of USB 3.0 speeds. USB 4 devices promise greater speed, and devices supporting it are slowly being released. USB-C ports are now available in nearly all new motherboards, and are even faster and versatile (with many doubling as a video output).

Note that, regardless of the motherboard's native support, additional ports of all kinds can be added via a PCI-E expansion card or USB device.

=== Memory ===
[[File:16 GiB-DDR4-RAM-Riegel RAM019FIX Small Crop 90 PCNT.png|thumb|A DDR4 SDRAM module]]
RAM capacity plays an important role in the computer's operation speed, as it provides the operating system caching space that allows foregoing access to the local disk, typically the main bottleneck of computer speed.

The amount of random access memory (RAM) to use has become a fairly simple choice. Unless one is building on a very restricted budget, one just has to choose between installing 8 or 16 gigabytes. 8 gigabytes of RAM is plenty for most modern operating systems, but all of them will run a little faster with 16 gigabytes. While 32-bit operating systems can address 4 gigabytes, they can utilize little more than three gigabytes as system RAM (actually 4 gigabytes minus Video RAM minus overhead for other devices). If one wishes to utilize the full 4 (or more) gigabytes of RAM, one needs to install a 64-bit operating system. It really comes down to a financial decision. Some specialized applications may profit from more than 16 gigabytes of RAM. If one plans on using such, make sure to check that both the operating system and the motherboard will accommodate the amount of RAM one has in mind. One might also choose to get 8 gigabytes of high quality RAM over 16 gigabytes of lesser quality, especially if one plans to overclock, though that is quite rare now. 

Another thing to consider when choosing the amount of RAM for one's system is the graphics card. Most motherboard-integrated graphics chips and PCI Express graphics cards marketed with the &quot;Turbo Cache&quot; feature will use system memory to store information related to rendering graphics; this system memory is generally not available at all to the operating system. On average, these graphics processors will use between 64 megabytes and 512 megabytes of system memory for rendering purposes.

The actual type of RAM one will need depends on the motherboard and chipset one gets. Old motherboards use DDR (Double Data Rate) RAM, DDR2 or DDR3. DDR5 is the current industry standard. Chip sets that use dual-channel memory require one to use two identical&amp;nbsp;— in terms of size and speed&amp;nbsp;— RAM modules.

If one is upgrading an existing computer, it is best to check if one's machine requires specific kinds of RAM. Many computer OEMs, such as Gateway and Hewlett-Packard, require custom RAM, and generic RAM available from most computer stores may cause compatibility problems in such systems.

Overclocking of RAM is possible, but you will have to keep the same precautions(actually more) for RAM. If your RAM temperatures get too high, they can get damaged. For this purpose, there are dedicated RAM coolers that can be used, but most will not find any need for them. The benefit of overclocking RAM, unlike overclocking your CPU, is limited to a few applications.

==== Labelling of RAM ====
RAM is labelled by its memory size in gigabytes (GB) and clock speed (or bandwidth).

For example, 

# DDR5-4800 16 GB is a 16 GB DDR5 stick running at 4800 MT/s (2400 MHz).
# LPDDR5-6000 8 GB is a low-power DDR5 stick running at 6000 MT/s (3000 MHz). Commonly seen in laptops, but also seen in some desktops.

DDR RAM has 5 versions: DDR (also DDRI), DDR2 (or DDRII), DDR3, DDR4 and DDR5. DDR, DDR2 and DDR3 are currently obsolete.
# DDR5 supports DDR5-4400 and higher.
#* DDR5-8400 is highest speed of DDR5 as of 2024.
#* DDR5-7000 to DDR5-8200 are higher end models.
#* DDR5-6000 to DDR5-6800 are mainstream models.
#* DDR5-4400 to DDR5-5600 are budget models. They were mainstream in 2021-22.
# DDR4 supports DDR4-2133 to DDR4-5333&lt;ref&gt;https://www.pcgamesn.com/fastest-ddr4-ram&lt;/ref&gt; (generally overclocked).
#* DDR4-5333 is highest speed of DDR4 as of 2024.
#* DDR4-4000 to DDR4-5133 are higher end models.
#* DDR4-3000 to DDR4-3866 are mainstream models.
#* DDR4-2933 are budget models. Mainstream in 2018-20.
#* DDR4-2666 are budget models. Mainstream in 2016-19.
#* DDR4-2400 were older mainstream models from 2014-17.
#* DDR4-2133 were older mainstream models from 2014-15.
# DDR3 supports DDR3-1066 to DDR3-3000 (generally overclocked).
# DDR2 supports DDR2-533 to DDR2-1250 (generally overclocked).
# DDR supports DDR-266 to DDR-533.

=== Hard drive and SSD===
[[File:WD Caviar Green WD10EADS-91894.jpg|thumb|right|A hard drive. SATA data and power connectors can be seen on the edge of the drive.]]
Things to consider when shopping for a hard drive or SSD:

; Interface 
: The interface of a drive is how the hard drive communicates with the rest of the computer. The following hard drive interfaces are available:
:* '''[[w:Advanced Technology Attachment|Parallel IDE]] drives''' (PATA, also known as ATA or IDE) use cables that can be distinguished by their wide 40-pin connector, colored first-pin wire, and usually gray &quot;ribbon&quot; style cables. This technology is largely obsolete because SATA uses thinner cables, eliminates contention for the IDE bus that can occur when two PATA drives are attached to the same connector, and promises faster drive access. SSD's are generally not available for IDE, as they are too slow for a SSD (one notable exception is Transcand as of November 2014).
:* '''[[w:SATA|SATA]] drives''' have the advantages outlined above. If you want Serial ATA, you will either need to purchase a motherboard that supports it (all newer motherboards do), or purchase a PCI card that will allow you to connect your hard drive. Note that some older motherboards will not allow you to install Windows XP to a Serial ATA hard drive. There are 3 types of SATA. SATA 1 provides up to about 150 MB/s, SATA 2 provides about 300MB/s, SATA3 provides up to about 600 MB/s. Most new computers and HDD's come in SATA 3, but older computers may use SATA 2/1. Although they are both backwards and forward comparable, SSD's should be used in SATA 3 since they are too fast for SATA 2 or 1.
:* '''[[w:SCSI|SCSI]]''', although more expensive and less user friendly, is usually worthwile on high performance workstations and servers. Few consumer desktop motherboards built today support SCSI, and when building a new computer, the work needed to implement SCSI may be outweighed by the relative simplicity and performance of IDE and SATA. SCSI hard drives typically reach rotational speeds of up to 15,000 RPM, and are more expensive.
:* '''[[w:USB|USB]]''' can be used for connecting external drives. An external drive enclosure can convert an internal drive to an external drive.
:*PCI-E uses the PCI lanes of your computer. These lanes can be used to connect premium SSD's, and they are much faster than SATA-based SSD's. NVM Express, or NVMe for short is a common standard for PCI-E based storage. M.2 slots are an increasingly common interface for SSDs.
====SSD====
[[File:Samsung MZ-V6P2T0 20170427.jpg|thumb|An M.2 NVMe SSD]]
SSD is a hard storage system that use flash memory rather than rotational platters. Because of this, they make virtually no noise, have no latency (delays from spinning up and seeking the position), and generate far lesser heat than a HDD. If you plan to upgrade a computer, it is an excellent idea to replace an HDD with an SSD as the performance of the computer can be boosted by a wide margin. However, there are some important drawbacks. They are significantly more expensive per gigabyte (especially at larger capacities) compared to a hard drive, and typically come in smaller capacities. Furthermore SSD memory cells burn out over time due to wear caused by writing. However, this problem is mitigated by most modern SSD designs and software support that uses the SSD in such a way that all cells wear out at the same time. Whether or not you use an SSD, you should be backing up your data.

There are some important precautions to note if you do buy a SSD.
#'''Do not defragment the drive!''' SSD, unlike HDD, does not need to get defragmented and will instead cause unnecessary writes and can wear out the drive faster. Windows 7 and above will identify the drive and makes necessary optimizations. Older operating systems may need tweaks to correctly use an SSD
#Use SATA 3. Using SATA 2 or below reduces speed. If you can afford it, go for a PCI-E SSD card or NVME M.2 SSD as they are faster interfaces.

If your setup uses multiple storage devices, consider using a solid state drive as primary storage device by installing the operating system and [[:v:File_management#Incubate_work_on_flash_storage|incubating work]] on it, and a much larger hard drive as secondary storage.

==== [[w:Cache#Disk_buffer|Cache]] ====
The cache of a storage drive is a faster media than the drive itself and is normally 16MB (low end and laptop drives), 32MB (standard desktop drives), 64MB, 128MB, or 256MB (high end, high capacity desktop drives). Some very high capacity SSD designs will include several gigabytes of dram cache, which is used for performance and some very cheap SSD designs will not have a DRAM cache at all, which can reduce performance. The existence of a cache increases the speeds of retrieving short bursts of information, and also allows pre-fetching of data. Larger cache sizes generally result in faster data access.

==== Form factor ====
:* 3.5 inch drives are usually used in desktops.
:* 2.5 inch drives are usually used in laptops and desktops with an adapter.
:* M.2 drives are used in laptops and desktops with appropriate motherboards.

==== Capacity ====
The smallest desktop hard disk drives that are widely available hold about 250GB of data, although the largest drives available on the market can contain 24TB (24000GB). Note that the advertised capacity is usually more than the actual size due to the binary differences in calculation. Few people will need disks this large - for most people, somewhere in the range of 500GB-1TB will be sufficient. The amount of space you will need can depend on many factors, such as how many high-end games and programs you want to install, how many media files you wish to store, or how many high-quality videos you want to render. It is usually better to get a hard drive with a capacity larger than you anticipate using, in case you need more in the future. If you run out of space, you can always add an additional hard drive using any free Serial ATA connector, or through an external interface, such as USB.

SSD capacities are markedly smaller then hard drive capacities, especially for the cost. SSD capacities range from 128GB on the low end, to several terabytes on the high end.

==== Rotational Speed ====
The speed at which the hard drives platters spin. Most laptop (2.5 inch) drives spin at 5400 RPM, while common desktop drives come in at 7200. There are PATA and SATA drives that spin at 10,000 RPM and some SCSI drives hit 15,000. However drives above 7,200 RPM usually have limited capacity, and a much higher price than comparable 7,200 RPM drives, making such drives advisable only when the fastest possible speeds are required. SSD's do not have moving parts. Do ''not'' use 5400 RPM hard drives or lower as your boot drive.

==== Noise and Heat ==== 
Modern hard drives are fairly quiet in operation though some people are sensitive to the faint hum and occasional buzz they do make. If your HDD is loud, it could be an early sign of failure, so it’s time to think about replacing it. Hard drives will also throw some heat and adequate air circulation should be provided, usually by case fans. Rubber mount points can help reduce drive vibration. There is software available that will allow you to monitor both the health and temperature of your hard drive(s), it’s a good idea to check from time to time and make sure the temperature does not rise above 50 C. SSD's do not generate noise like an HDD would because they have no moving parts, however they do generate a small amount of heat. This heat can be offset by a small heatsink, which are often included on M.2 SSDs.

==== Warranty ====
Many manufactures offer warranties ranging from 30 days (typically OEM) up to five years. It may be worth spending an extra few dollars to get the drive that carries a longer warranty. Good quality SSD's can provide up to 10 years warranty (like Samsung 850 Pro).

== Secondary components ==
These components are important to your computer, but are not as central as the Core Components.

=== Video output ===
[[File:Radeon VII (Vorderseite).jpg|thumb|A video card.]]
====GPU Basics====
A GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) is what allows your computer to display images on a monitor. The majority of home and office computers use an 'onboard' or integrated graphic processor which is included on many processors, but workstations and gaming computers require the power of one or more dedicated graphics cards. Despite the name, modern GPU excel at processing large amounts of many different kinds of information, and are often used in physics simulations, audio processing, and even to run Artificial Intelligence models.

Currently, three companies dominate the 3D graphics accelerator market; nVIDIA, AMD and Intel, who build their own chips and license their technologies to other companies to integrate into video cards. These companies make a complete line of GPUs with entries at every price/performance level.

====Do you need a Graphics Card?====
If your tasks are non intensive such as web browsing or office work, or likely to be more dependent on the CPU then the GPU, you may be able to get away with an entry-level GPU, or even an integrated GPU. An integrated GPU uses the system's RAM, and relies heavily on your system's CPU. This will mean slow performance for graphic-intensive software, such as games. As long as your motherboard has slots for it, and your PSU has power for it, you can always add a GPU later should you find the integrated graphics inadequate.

If you have a CPU that does not have a graphics processor, as is common on some high end processor lines, then you will need to buy a discrete video card to use a monitor.

====Graphics Card Specifications==== 
Like a CPU, a GPU will have it's own clock speed and core count, though since GPU cores are simpler, many more can be fit onto a chip with high end GPUs having thousands of processors. Video cards have their own RAM which cannot be upgraded later, and many of the same rules that govern the motherboard RAM field apply here: to a point, the more RAM, and the faster it is, the better the performance will be. Most cards offer at least 8GB of VRAM, though many cards offer more. As a rule of thumb, if you want a high end video card, you need a minimum of 12GB of video memory or preferably 16GB.

It is generally better to choose your video card based on your own research, as everyone has slightly different needs. Many video card and chip makers are known to measure their products' performances in ways that you may not find practical. A good video card is often much more than a robust 3D renderer; be sure to examine what you want and need your card to do, such as digital (DVI) output, TV output, multiple-monitor support, built-in TV tuners and video input. Another reason you need to carefully research is that manufacturers will often use confusing model numbers designed to make a card sound better than it is to sell it better. For example, the NVIDIA GeForce RTX series claim to be part of the current line up (as of April 2023, the 4000-series of cards), however, they are inadequate for modern gaming, in many cases, and perform much closer to old, mid-end 2000 series cards than to the RTX 3000/4000 series cards.

====API Support====
Graphics cards provide various APIs to let software developers make programs that work for multiple GPU devices, without needing to make a specific version for each GPU. Games are very likely to require support for graphics APIs; multimedia or 3D graphics software also often uses graphics APIs. Most software that uses a GPU will require one or more APIs to be available and the API to be at a minimum version.

There are a few graphics APIs to look out for.
* [[w:Vulkan (API)|Vulkan]] - A modern API for Windows and GNU/Linux.  
* [[w:DirectX|DirectX]] - The Windows-exclusive graphics API.
** [[w:DirectX Raytracing|DirectX Raytracing]] - An extension to DirectX for raytracing.
* [[w:OpenGL|OpenGL]] - The old competitor to DirectX that works on Windows and GNU/Linux.

If you are using high-end productivity software that can leverage a GPU, you should also look out for GPGPU APIs. Your software will specify which it can use.
* [[w:OpenCL|OpenCL]] - A cross-platform API for GPGPU software.
* [[w:CUDA|CUDA]] - NVIDIA's exclusive GPGPU API.

There are also a few APIs and pieces of Middleware that are generally focused on games. Unlike the above, software that supports these features will typically work fine on unsupported cards, just with reduced features.
* [[w:GPUOpen|GPUOpen]] - A collection of open source game dev tools, made by AMD for all systems.
** [[w:TressFX|TressFX]] - Offers simulations of hair, grass, fur, and similar materials.
** FireRays - Cross-platform raytracing.
* [[w:Nvidia GameWorks|Nvidia GameWorks]] - NVIDIA's game dev tools for their own cards.
** [[w:Nvidia RTX|Nvidia RTX]] - NVIDIA's real-time ray tracing platform
** [[w:OptiX|OptiX]] - NVIDIA's productivity-focused ray tracing platform
** [[w:PhysX|PhysX]] - NVIDIA's physics library. PhysX can be run on the CPU if an NVIDIA card is not present.

==== Interface ====
The vast majority of graphic cards use the a 16x PCI-Express interface&lt;ref&gt;[https://graphicscardhub.com/gpu-slot-type/ graphicscardhub: gpu-slot-type]&lt;/ref&gt;. This will typically provide the best performance and is what most Graphics Cards are designed to be used with.

If you need an extremely small case, or would like to easily swap your GPU to other devices that can't accept PCI express cards such as a laptop, it is possible to get an external GPU enclosure that connects to your system through a thunderbolt port. These enclosures are expensive and reduce performance somewhat, but provide unique flexibility.

==== Video Output ====
Graphics cards offer a variety of ports to display pictures. Each port type has versions associated with it.
* [[w:HDMI|HDMI]] - A high end proprietary output standard that's common on consumer electronics.
* [[w:DisplayPort|Displayport]] - A high end output standard that's common on computers.

Some GPU are compatible with variable refreshrate monitors.
* [[w:FreeSync|FreeSync]] - AMD and recent NVIDIA cards both support FreeSync.
* [[w:Nvidia G-Sync|G-Sync]] - NVIDIA's proprietary adaptive sync solution. 

Keep in mind that to provide best picture quality your graphics card must be capable of displaying the same resolution as your LCD display's native resolution.

=== Optical Drives ===
[[File:Lite-On iHOS104-08 2010-01.jpg|thumb|An internal 5.25&quot; optical drive with a slot loading mechanism. This unit can read Blu-Ray, DVD, and CD media.]]

Optical drives offer an inexpensive and easy way to watch movies, listen to music, and make backups of important files.

When purchasing a DVD writer, you will want one that is capable of burning both the '+' and '-' standards, and it should also be Dual Layer compatible. This will ensure that you can burn to almost all recordable DVDs currently on the market.

Blu-Ray readers and writers are also available for computers, albeit at a greater cost then comparable DVD only drives. Blu-Ray disks store many times the amount that DVDs do. However software support for Blu-Ray movies is much worse then for DVDs, and it may not be worth the hassle and increased cost.

Optical drives primarily come in either 5.25&quot; bay, slim, or external form factors. Your computer case will likely determine which form factor drive you choose, with 5.25&quot; being most common, and some cases supporting slim drives. Some cases with minimalist designs or very small form factors may have no appropriate bays at all which would necessitate the use of an external drive. Most drives will use a tray loading mechanism, but some higher end or slim drives will instead use a slot loading mechanism instead.

Most applications are now being distributed over the Internet and even operating systems can be installed using a USB flash drive, so you may find that you do not need an optical drive. At the same time, an optical drive can be handy in some situations and are very cheap. You should think about your needs and decide if an optical drive makes sense for your build.

==== Cleaning optical disks ====
Dust can be removed from a CD's surface using compressed air or by very lightly wiping the information side with a very soft cloth (such as an eyeglass cleaning cloth) from the center of the disc in an outward direction. Wiping the information surface of any type of CD in a circular motion around the center, however, has been known to create scratches in the same direction as the information and potentially cause data loss. Fingerprints or stubborn dust can be removed from the information surface by wiping it with a cloth dampened with diluted dish detergent (then rinsing) or alcohol (methylated spirits or isopropyl alcohol) and again wiping from the center outwards, with a very soft cloth (non-linting : polyester, nylon, etc.). It is harmful, however, to use acetone, nail polish remover, kerosene, petrol/gasoline, or any other type of petroleum-based solvent to clean a CD-R; the use of petroleum based solvents will damage the polycarbonate surface and the CD-R will become unreadable.

=== Sound hardware ===
[[File:KORG DS-DAC-10 - 1-bit USB-DAC (photozou 208854840).jpg|thumb|An external DAC.]]
Most motherboards have built-in sound features. These are often adequate for most users. However, you can purchase a good sound card and speakers at relatively low cost - a few dollars at the low end can make an enormous difference in the range and clarity of sound. Also, these onboard systems tend to use more system resources, so you are better off with a real sound card for gaming.

Sound card quality depends on a few factors. The digital-analog converter (DAC) is generally the most important stage for general clarity, but this is hard to measure. Reviews, especially those from audio file sources, are worth consulting for this; but don't go purely by specifications, as many different models with similar specifications can produce completely different results. Cards may offer digital (S/PDIF) output, in which case the DAC process is moved from your sound card either to a dedicated receiver or to one built into your speakers.

Sound cards made for gaming or professional music tend to do outstandingly well for their particular purpose. In games, various effects are often times applied to the sound in real-time, and a gaming sound card will be able to do this processing on-board, instead of using your CPU for the task. Professional music cards tend to be built both for maximum sound quality and low latency (transmission delay) input and output, and include more different kinds of inputs than those of consumer cards.

External DACs have gained popularity in recent years. These often include headphone amps and improved isolation from the rest of the computer, reducing potential interference such as hissing caused by close proximity to some components.

=== Modem ===
In many areas of the world, dedicated internet infrastructure is lacking or non existent. In such areas, those desiring an internet connection need to use a modem. 

==== Wireless Modems ====
[[File:TCT Mobile one touch L100V-4224.jpg|thumb|Many wireless modems are small and come in a USB stick form factor.]]
Mobile broadband modems are often used to connect computers wireless to cellular networks. Though often intended for travelers, some do use these for desktop computers when conventional connections are absolutely impractical. These are faster than traditional dial up modems, but often cost much more in both their initial price, as well as in ongoing data costs.

==== Dial Up Modems ====
A traditional modem is needed in order to connect to a dial up Internet connection. A modem can also be used for faxing. Modems can attach to the computer in different ways, and can have built-in processing or use the computer's CPU for processing.

Modems with built-in processing generally include all modems that connect via a standard serial port, as well as any modems that refer to themselves as &quot;Hardware Modems&quot;. Software Modems, or modems that rely on the CPU generally include both Internal and USB modems, or have packaging that mentions drivers or requiring a specific CPU to work.

Modems that rely on the CPU are often designed specifically for the current version of Windows only, and will require drivers that are incompatible with future Windows versions, and may be difficult to upgrade. Software Modems are also very difficult to find drivers for non-Windows operating systems. The manufacturer is unlikely to support the hardware with new drivers after it is discontinued, forcing you to buy new hardware. Most such modems have internal or external USB, but this is not always the case.

Modems can be attached via USB, a traditional serial port, or an internal card slot. Internal modems and USB modems are more easily auto-detected by the operating system and less likely to have problems with setup. USB and serial port modems often require an extra power supply block.

=== Network interface card ===
[[File:Twisted pair based ethernet.svg|thumb|A visual representation of typical network speeds, as well as the cabling required to support those speeds.]]
==== Wired NIC ====
[[File:An Intel 82574L Gigabit Ethernet NIC, PCI Express x1 card.jpg|thumb|A PCI Express 1x network interface card. The bracket at the top can be swapped with the included bracket for use in low profile cases.]]
A Network interface card (NIC for short), or Ethernet card, is required in order to connect to a local area network or a cable or DSL modem. These typically come in speeds of 10Mbps, 100Mbps, 1000Mbps (gigabit) or 2.5Gbps; these are designated as 10Mbps, 10/100Mbps, 10/100/1000Mbps or 2.5Gbps products. The 10/100/1000Mbps parts are most common in use today. In many cases, one or two Ethernet adapters will be built into a motherboard. If there are none, you will have to purchase an adapter. These typically cost less then $20 and are inserted into a expansion slot. 

Most motherboards now feature either a 10/100/1000Mbps or a 2.5Gbps ethernet port and are adequate for most users.

Typically networks are only as fast as their slowest component. Speeds can be negatively affected by factors external to your computer such as old or improperly installed network cable, or an outdated router.

==== Wireless NIC ====
A wireless network interface card can be used to add Wi-Fi and Bluetooth support to a computer. These cards are typically installed in a similar way to an Ethernet NIC, but have antennas or antenna mounts instead of an Ethernet jack. External USB versions are also available.

Many internal adapters will come with detachable antenna. Antenna come in a variety of form factors, and designs. A big factor in antenna choice is weather or not to get an omnidirectional antenna that does an decent job most of the time and reduces the need for optimal positioning, or a directional antenna that offers stronger signal but can only work well when positioned correctly.

== Peripherals ==
Anything outside the case that connects to your computer is considered a peripheral. The keyboard, mouse and monitor are pretty much the bare minimum you can go with and still be able to interact with your computer. Your choice in peripherals depends on personal preference and what you intend to do with your computer.

===Mouse===
[[File:Logitech-G5-Mouse-Rust.jpg|thumb|Mice can have a variety of perks on top of standard features. This mouse has additional buttons and adjustable weight.]]
Most modern mice are based on [[w:Optical mouse|optical designs]], using either an LED or laser to track the surface it's placed on. Mice of medium-to-high quality will track your movement almost flawlessly. Many higher end mice feature different DPI settings for different use cases. Some optical mice are unable to track on some surfaces. In such cases, a mouse pad may be needed. Some mice may offer adjustable weights to help make your experience more comfortable.

Most mice are designed to be ambidextrous or are explicitly designed for right handed use. Some manufacturers that make right handed oriented mice will also make a left handed version.

Mice come in wireless and wired varieties. Wired mice offer fast and reliable communication, with no batteries to worry about. Wireless mice usually require a battery or sometimes a special mousepad, and use either Bluetooth or a special USB device to communicate with the PC. Wireless mice can be nice to use if your desk setup causes cable snagging.

Although three buttons are generally enough for operating a computer in normal circumstances, extra buttons can come in handy, as you can add set actions to each button, and they can come in handy for playing various video games. One thing to note is that with some mice those extra buttons are not actually seen by the computer itself as extra buttons and will not work properly in games. These buttons use software provided by the manufacturer to function. However, it is sometimes possible to configure the software to map the button to act like a certain keyboard key so that it will be possible to use it in games in this manner.

If desk space is at a premium, you may want to consider using a trackball mouse. Instead of moving the mouse around to move the cursor, this type of mouse has you use a ball to position the cursor. While not the best for gaming, this style of mouse is perfectly fine for web browsing and productivity.

===Keyboard===
[[File:2018 Bay Area Mechanical Keyboard Meetup (31006275737).jpg|thumb|Keyboards are made in a variety of formfactors and styles.]]
====Keyboard specifications====

Keyboards most commonly come as membrane keyboards, but if you plan on typing for long periods of time a mechanical keyboard may help improve your typing experience. Stores will often have display model keyboards that you can test to find your preferred style.

[[w:Rollover (key)|Key rollover]] is the number of keys a keyboard can read simultaneously, and is an important factor for power users and gamers. Most keyboards support at least a few keys being pressed at one time. High end keyboards support N key rollover and can accept an arbitrary number of keys at the same time.

Keyboards sometimes come with extra non-standard features, such as multimedia controls, or small displays.

====Keyboard formfactors====

Ergonomic keyboards also exist that can help reduce repetitive strain injuries. 

Keyboards come in a variety of sizes. Full size keyboards are the most common. Ten keyless keyboards eliminate the number pad for a smaller size. Some smaller keyboards are categorized by the percentage of keys removed compared to a full size keyboard, typically ranging from the mostly normal 75%, to the tiny 40%.

Keyboards come in either wired or wireless models. Wired keyboards are very straightforward, and since they do not need to be moved as a mouse does, they are often preferable for desktops. Wireless keyboards do not now display the sort of noticeable delay that they once did, and now also have considerably improved battery life. However, gamers may still want to avoid wireless input devices because the very slight delay may impact gaming activities, though some of the higher end models have less trouble with this. The occasional need to replace or charge batteries is also an inconvenience.

====Keyboard accessories====
Some keyboards allow for swapable keycaps, allowing you to customize the look of your keyboard. If your keyboard supports this, you will want an appropriate keycap removal tool to make the process easier.

If your keyboard does not come with a wrist rest, third party rests are commonly available.

=== Printer and scanner ===
[[File:Epson workforce 600 open cover.jpg|thumb|Multi function printers such as this one can also scan documents.]]
For most purposes, a mid-range inkjet printer will work well for most people. If you plan on printing photos, you will want one that is capable of printing at around 4800dpi. Also, you will want to compare the speed of various printers, which is usually listed in ppm (pages per minute). When choosing a printer, always check how much new cartridges cost, as replacement cartridges can quickly outweigh the actual printer's cost. Be aware of other possible quirks as well. For example, Epson has protection measures that make refilling your own ink cartridges more difficult because an embedded microchip that keeps track of how much ink has been used keeps the printer from seeing the cartridge as full once it has been emptied.

For office users that plan to do quite a bit of black and white printing buying a black and white laser printer is now an affordable option, and the savings and speed can quickly add up for home office users printing more than 500 pages a month.

Scanners are useful, especially in office settings, they can function with your printer as a photocopier, and with software can also interact with your modem to send Faxes. When purchasing a Scanner, check to see how &quot;accessible&quot; it is (does it have one-touch buttons), and check how good the scanning quality is, before you leave the store if possible.

Finally, &quot;Multi-Function Centres&quot; (also called &quot;Printer-Scanner-Copiers&quot;) are often a cost-effective solution to purchasing both, as they take up only one port on your computer, and one power point, but remember that they can be a liability, since if one component breaks down, both may need to be replaced.

=== Display ===
[[File:ASUS curved monitor 20170603.jpg|thumb|Computer monitors come in a variety of form factors and styles.]]
When choosing a display for your computer, you should look at a few factors that determine the quality of the display.

Resolution governs how detailed of a picture a display can show. The higher the resolution, the more detail can be shown at once. Keep in mind that higher resolutions are also harder to for your computer to draw, and very high resolution monitors may not be the best choice if your computer's GPU can not adequately drive them at their native resolution.

Refresh rate governs how often a new picture is drawn. 60 times a second is common, though some displays will go lower (Resulting in a choppier look) or higher (Resulting in a smoother look). Some monitors will work with video cards to use a variable refresh rate, which can produce a smoother picture, especially during games.

Aspect ratio is a way of expressing the horizontal size of the screen to the vertical size of the screen. 16:9 is the most common display ratio today due to it's use in cinema, though 4:3 monitors were once the most popular choice, and are still preferred by many writers and programmers for their use of vertical space. Some displays are much wider than they are tall; these displays are often called ultrawides, often 21:9 or 32:9.

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+ Common resolutions by aspect ratio
|-
! 4:3 !! 16:10 !! 16:9 !! Other
|-
| 640×480 || 1280×800 || 1280×720 || 1280×1024
|-
| 800×600 || 1440×900 || 1366×768 || 2560×1080
|-
| 1024×768 || 1680×1050 || 1600×900 || 3440×1440
|-
| 1152×864 || 1920×1200 || 1920×1080 || 2560×2048
|-
| 1600×1200 || 2240×1400 || 2560×1440 || 5120×1440
|-
| 2048×1536 || 2560×1600 || 3840×2160 || 5120×2160
|-
| 3200×2400 || 3840×2400 || 7680×4320 || 7680×2160
|}
Some displays handle colors better then others. Some monitors sport higher bit depths, high dynamic range, or techniques for showing deep blacks to improve the color experience. A monitor's color accuracy determines it's ability to show those colors accurately, though this is primarily of concern to those producing visual media as most monitors are fairly accurate.

Some content requires [[w:High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection|HDCP]] support to play. This requires support by the monitor, the cable, and the computer itself.

The bezel is the space between the end of the display, and the end of the monitor. If you plan on placing multiple monitors next to each-other (Ideally of the same make), a smaller bezel can help reduce the interruption between the two spaces

==== LCD panels ====
Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs) have the advantage of being a completely digital setup, when used with the DVI-D or HDMI digital connectors. When running at the screen's native resolution, this can result in the most stable and sharp image available on current monitors. Many LCD panel displays are sold with an analog 15-pin VGA connector or, rarely, with an analog DVI-I connector. Such displays will be a bit fuzzier than their digital counterparts, and are generally not preferred over a similarly-sized CRT. If you want an LCD display, be sure to choose a digital setup if you can; however, manufacturers have chosen to use this feature for price differentiation.

A big disadvantage for LCD displays are dead pixels and stuck pixels. These small, failed areas on the monitor can be very annoying, but generally aren't covered under warranty as most LCD panel manufacturers allow for a certain number of dead pixels in their product specification. This can make purchasing LCD displays a financial risk. This can be alleviated somewhat if you are able to look at the display before purchase, or if you shop at a merchant that allows returns for such conditions. Some media files exist that cycle through colors to highlight dead pixels, and it may be worth running such a test prior to your purchase if possible.

LCDs are acceptable for fast-paced gaming, but you should be sure that your screen has a fairly fast response time (of 4 ms or lower) if you want to play fast games. Many flat panels sold today meet this requirement, some by a factor of 3. Some gaming focused LCD monitors will offer higher refresh rates then the standard 60, which can aid those playing very fast paced games.

When picking an LCD, keep in mind that they are designed to display at one resolution only, so, to reap the benefits of your screen, your graphics card must be capable of displaying at that resolution. That in mind, they can display lower resolutions with a black frame around the outside (which means your entire screen isn't filled), or by stretching the image (which leads to much lower quality).

When choosing an LCD, make sure to get one which uses IPS technology, as that one provides for sharper colour reproduction and also has high viewing angles. The older TN (often found in very cheap displays) is only relevant for gamers who need fast response times; otherwise, it has weaker colours and has poor viewing angles and should be ignored.

==== OLED panels ====
Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) displays are a fairly new display type. They have infinite contrast ratio due to each pixel being emitted light without a backlight, allowing for deep blacks. Traditional LCD panels have a backlight, so black isn't really true black. Instead, they emit a faint, dark gray color. But the OLED panels are true black when pixels are switched off.

OLED displays also potentially offer lower power consumption, especially when most pixels are switched off.

Other advantages are very high refresh times (usually 0.03ms) and rates, as well as vivid colors.

Downsides are high cost compared to LCDs, and burn-in issues.

For example, a typical 32&quot; 4K 240Hz OLED monitor cost about $1000, but an equivalent VA or IPS model costs about $500-600.

==== Alternative Display types ====
[[File:HTC Vive Pro - 2.jpg|thumb|A VR headset]]
Some games, educational software, and telepresence software can optionally use or may require a virtual reality headset. Though pricey, these headsets offer immersion that is hard to beat. Keep in mind that a large open area of a room is required for safely experiencing non sit down experiences, and that a VR headset is intended to be a secondary, not a primary monitor.

CRT monitors are now obsolete and only really available on the used market, but a high quality CRT monitor can be a good option in some specific use cases. Namely CRT monitors often allow the user to choose between higher resolution and higher refresh rates. The analog nature of CRT monitors also makes latency near zero - much lower then LCD panels. Downsides to CRT monitors include their large size, power consumption, availability issues, and outdated connectors.

Some monitors include touchscreens or support specialized drawing pens, often meant to serve as a secondary display. Monitors supporting pen input in particular are good for those wishing to try digital illustration or digital sculpting, and often boast high color accuracy due to their artist centric design.

Digital projectors are increasingly available on the consumer market. While not really good for everyday use, they are nice for home theater computers and other scenarios where a large screen is needed.

==== Monitor positioning ====
The default way of using most monitors it to just sit them on a desk. This works fine for most users, and avoids additional costs.

A cheap way to free up desk space or make your monitor stand taller is to get a monitor riser. This is a small table that sits on top of your desk, holding your monitor up and giving you space to stash small items beneath it.

Power users may want to invest in a [[w:Flat Display Mounting Interface|VESA Mount]] setup. This mounts the monitor to movable arms or a nearby wall, and frees desk space for other uses. Alternatively, some very small case designs support being mounted on the back of a VESA Mount, letting your computer rest on the back of your monitor.

=== Speakers ===
====Loudspeakers====
[[File:Creative T4 Wireless 2.1 Speakers.jpg|thumb|A 2.1 speaker setup with subwoofer and remote.]]
Computer loudspeaker sets come in two general varieties; 2/2.1 sets (over a wide range of quality), and &quot;surround&quot;, &quot;theater&quot;, or &quot;gaming&quot; sets with four or more speakers, which tend to be somewhat more expensive. A 2-speaker set is adequate for basic stereophonic sound. A 2.1-speaker set adds a sub-woofer to handle low frequencies. Low-end speakers can suffer from low bass response or inadequate amplification, both of which compromise sound quality. Powered speakers with separate sub-woofers usually cost only a little more and can sound much better. At the higher end, one should start to see features like standard audio cables (instead of manufacturer-specific ones), built in DACs, and a separate control box. 

The surround sets include a sub-woofer, and two or more sets of smaller speakers. These support 5.1 or 7.1 standards that allow sound to be mixed not only left and right, as with standard stereo speakers, but front and back and even behind the listener. Movies and video games make use of this technology to provide a full-immersion experience. Make sure your sound hardware will support 5.1 or 7.1 before buying such a speaker system. If your budget allows, you can avoid the computer speaker market entirely and look into piecing together a set of higher-end parts. If you are buying a speaker system designed for PCs, research the systems beforehand so you can be certain of getting one that promises clarity rather than just raw power. Speaker power is usually measured in RMS Watts. However, some cheap speakers use a different measure, Peak Music Power Output (PMPO), which appears much higher.

For home theater PCs, a soundbar can be a good option for a simple setup.

====Headphones====
Headphones can offer good sound much more cheaply than speakers, so if you are on a limited budget, but want maximum quality, they should be considered first. They should also be considered if you live in a apartment or dormitory where noise is a consideration. The advantage of headphones is that the acoustic environment between the audio driver is fully contained and controlled within the earcups and is not dependent on room acoustics. There are even headphones which promise surround-sound, though these can be hit or miss and should be tested prior to purchase. Some headphones may include a basic microphone as well.

A headphone stand can help keep your workplace organized if you plan on frequently using one.

=== Microphones ===
[[File:Blue Snowflake USB microphone.jpg|thumb|An external microphone can allow you to make high quality audio recordings at home.]]
Microphones can be added to allow for voice chat, dictation software, or for just making recordings. If you are using a webcam or a gaming headset, you likely already have a decent microphone.

Most low end to midrange office, gamer, and prosumer microphones plug in via USB or 3.5&quot; audio jacks, or connect wirelessly via Bluetooth. For creators who need high end microphones, by using certain external DAC devices, it becomes possible to use professional microphones that use [[w:XLR connector|XLR connectors]], greatly increasing sound quality, at the cost of increased setup complexity, as well as increasing the price of the setup overall.

Another factor to consider when purchasing a microphone for a desktop PC is where you want to mount it, and if you have the right acoustics in your room for the level of quality you want. Casual users may be fine simply placing a microphone on their desk, where gamers with loud keyboards may want to mount their microphone on a separate surface. A pop filter is a cheap way to improve quality in some cases. If the acoustics in your room are not good or there is significant background noise which can't be eliminated then no amount of expensive equipment will fix the underlying problems causing bad sound, and you're best off either fixing those problems, or using a cheap microphone.

=== Webcams ===
A webcam can be added to a desktop to aid in video conferencing or streaming. Quality of webcams can vary significantly, so it's a good idea to look at examples of footage produced by a particular model before committing to a purchase. Web cams offer a variety of resolutions and frame rates.

Some webcams can be used for security features such as Windows Hello in Windows 10.

Many webcams have a physical privacy shutter to prevent accidental use, and cheap aftermarket shutters can be added for webcams without one. Many webcams support tripod mounts, which can be used to offer alternative angles for those with multiple cameras, such as streamers. Most webcams have a microphone built in.

=== Other peripherals ===
Some peripherals serve more niche uses. Though they are not needed for all users, you may find such devices useful if they compliment your specific needs, work or hobbies.

&lt;!--Idea for later: GPS receivers for those living mobile lives in RVs, car computers--&gt;
====Accessibility====
[[File:Plage-braille-Alva.jpg|thumb|A refreshable braile display used underneath a keyboard.]]
You may benefit from accessibility tools if you have an impediment, such as foot pedals, large button gadgets, or other devices.

[[wikipedia:Refreshable braille display|Refreshable braile displays]] and [[w:Screen reader|screen reader]] software can help users with visual impairments

====Security====
Hardware 2FA keys are a good idea for those who value security. These keys typically plug into a USB port and can be used as an extra layer of security on top of a password. A special webcam that uses structured light or a finger print reader can be used for Windows Hello.

&lt;!--Unsure if a hardware wallet for cryptocurrency enthusiasts would belong here.--&gt;
If you are using a disk encryption solution like Windows [[w:BitLocker|BitLocker]], it may be worthwhile to get a [[w:Trusted Platform Module|Trusted Platform Module]] made [[w:ROCA vulnerability|after 2018]]. This is a small piece of dedicated hardware that handles security related tasks. This requires that both the module and the motherboard are compatible with each other, both on a hardware level and a software level.

A port blocker or case lock may be OK for stopping casual mischief if you have regular guests or roommates, but most commercially available products in this category will not stand up to either a modestly talented tinkerer, or simple brute force.

====Gaming====
Fans of specific game genres may benefit from a flight stick, a stearing wheel, fight pad, arcade deck, or console style controller. There are also more esoteric control devices available, based on EEG readings, gesture recognition, or other unconventional inputs.

A video capture card can be used to record or stream the output of a game console or even another PC without impacting framerates. 

Streaming decks can help save time during livestreams.

====Creating====
[[File:Penciling on Wacom Cintiq 13HD by David Revoy.jpg|thumb|Drawing tablets use special pens to offer more natural input methods for artists.]]

Creatives and hobbyists may find workflow benefits from adding specialized peripherals to their workspace such as drawing tablets, MIDI keyboards, mixers, microscopes, 3D Scanners, software defined radios, plotters, laser cutters, or 3D printers.

== External links ==
* [https://outervision.com/power-supply-calculator The outervision power supply calculator]
* [https://pcpartpicker.com/ PCPartPicker] can help check for compatibility issues before you buy.
* [https://www.logicalincrements.com/ Logical Increments] offers a variety of example builds that are focused on balance at a given price point.
* [http://www.silentpcreview.com/article28-page1.html Silent PC Review of PSU units]

{{Chapter navigation||Assembly}}

[[it:Costruire un computer/Componenti]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Print version</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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    <revision>
      <id>4680051</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-11-04T19:55:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ngcaik</username>
        <id>3630424</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>swakim ndvan</comment>
      <origin>4680051</origin>
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      <text bytes="2490" sha1="11znyh84kil9vrgcux1jz4sj19vvotk" xml:space="preserve">__NOTOC__
{{Print version notice|Introduction_to_Paleoanthropology|Introduction_to_Paleoanthropology/Print_version}}
&lt;noinclude&gt;
''Note: current version of this book can be found at http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Introduction_to_Paleoanthropology''
Remember to click kammal nafv  ayfa 
 &quot;refresh&quot; to view this version.

&lt;div style=&quot;font-family:verdana; margin-left='8%'; margin-right='8%'; text-align: justify; font-weight:normal; font-size:11pt; color:#00000C&quot; &gt;

= Table of contents =

* Defining Paleoanthropology 
* Origin of Paleoanthropology 
* Importance of Bones 
* Early Hominid Fossils 
* Phylogeny and Chronology 
* Early Hominid Behavior 
* Oldowan 
* Acheulean 
* Hominids of the Acheulean 
** Technology in the Acheulean 
* Hominids of the Middle Paleolithic 
** Technology of the Middle Paleolithic 
* Upper Paleolithic 
* Dating Techniques 
* Cultural Evolution 
* Darwinian Thought 
* Genetics 
* Contemporary Primates 
* Humans as Primates 
* Origin of Language 
From Hunter-Gatherer to Food Producer 
Variation in Modern Human Populations 
&lt;/noinclude&gt;
= Definition =
{{:Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Definition}}
{{:Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Origin}}
{{:Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Bones}}
{{:Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Hominids Early}}
{{:Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Hominids Early Chronology}}
{{:Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Hominids Early Behavior}}
{{:Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Oldowan}}
{{:Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Acheulean}}
{{:Introduction tohfvhjs020200 0202019612365

oanthropology/Hominids Acheulean}}
{{:Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Acheulean_Technology}}
{{:Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Hominids_MiddlePaleolithic}}
{{:Introduction to Paleoanthropology/MiddlePaleolithic_Technology}}
{{:Introduction to Paleoanthropology/UpperPaleolithic}}
{{:Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Dating Techniques}}
{{:Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Evolution Culture}}
{{:Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Darwinian Thought}}
{{:Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Genetics/Introduction}}
{{:Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Primates/Modern}}
{{:Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Primates/Humans}}
{{:Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Origin of Language}}
{{:Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Evolution/Food Production}}
{{:Introduction to Paleoanthropology/Modern Humans/Population Variation}}
&lt;noinclude&gt;
= License =
== GNU Free Documentation License ==
{{:GNU Free Documentation License}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>German/Level I/Review 2</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>63356</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4680071</id>
      <parentid>4669497</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-04T22:29:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>It-is-Truly-Meet</username>
        <id>3624460</id>
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      <text bytes="8764" sha1="0nf5jpw6jltn4gacnpnt0b6mhyk3vdu" xml:space="preserve">= Review Section I.B: Lessons I.4–I.6 =

== Essential Vocabulary ==

=== Freizeit: Free Time and Activities ===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! English !! German
|-
| free time || die Freizeit
|-
| hobby || das Hobby
|-
| sport || der Sport
|-
| soccer || der Fußball
|-
| basketball || Basketball
|-
| tennis || Tennis
|-
| chess || Schach
|-
| board game || das Brettspiel
|-
| game || das Spiel
|-
| homework || die Hausaufgabe
|-
| movie || der Film
|-
| fun || der Spaß
|-
| home (direction) || nach Hause
|-
| at home || zu Hause
|}

'''Common verbs'''

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! English !! German
|-
| to play || spielen
|-
| to do or make || machen
|-
| to practice sports || Sport treiben
|-
| to go || gehen
|-
| to read || lesen
|-
| to watch || schauen
|-
| to see || sehen
|-
| to write || schreiben
|-
| to swim || schwimmen
|-
| to work || arbeiten
|}

'''Expressing preferences'''

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! English !! German
|-
| gladly; like to || gern(e)
|-
| preferably || lieber
|-
| most preferably || am liebsten
|-
| not like to || nicht gern
|-
| also || auch
|}

'''Common conjunctions'''

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! English !! German
|-
| and || und
|-
| but || aber
|-
| or || oder
|-
| because || denn / weil
|-
| but rather || sondern
|}

=== Zeit: Time and Dates ===

'''Time-related vocabulary'''

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! English !! German
|-
| time || die Zeit
|-
| today || heute
|-
| tomorrow || morgen
|-
| yesterday || gestern
|-
| now || jetzt
|-
| morning || der Morgen
|-
| late morning || der Vormittag
|-
| afternoon || der Nachmittag
|-
| evening || der Abend
|-
| night || die Nacht
|-
| o'clock || Uhr
|-
| past; after || nach
|-
| to; before || vor
|-
| quarter || das Viertel
|-
| half || halb
|}

'''Days of the week'''

Montag, Dienstag, Mittwoch, Donnerstag, Freitag, Samstag, Sonntag.

'''Months'''

Januar, Februar, März, April, Mai, Juni, Juli, August, September, Oktober, November, Dezember.

'''Seasons'''

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! English !! German
|-
| spring || der Frühling
|-
| summer || der Sommer
|-
| autumn || der Herbst
|-
| winter || der Winter
|}

'''Dates and periods of time'''

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! English !! German
|-
| on (a weekday or date) || am
|-
| in (a month or season) || im
|-
| from || von
|-
| until || bis
|-
| day || der Tag
|-
| week || die Woche
|-
| month || der Monat
|-
| year || das Jahr
|-
| weekend || das Wochenende
|}

'''Frequency'''

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! English !! German
|-
| always || immer
|-
| usually; most of the time || meistens
|-
| often || oft
|-
| sometimes || manchmal
|-
| seldom || selten
|-
| never || nie
|-
| once || einmal
|-
| twice || zweimal
|-
| three times || dreimal
|}

'''Numbers'''

The numbers from zero to twenty should be memorized:

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! English !! German
|-
| 0–10 || null, eins, zwei, drei, vier, fünf, sechs, sieben, acht, neun, zehn
|-
| 11–20 || elf, zwölf, dreizehn, vierzehn, fünfzehn, sechzehn, siebzehn, achtzehn, neunzehn, zwanzig
|}

Numbers from 21 onward generally follow the pattern of the unit followed by ''und'' and the tens (e.g., ''einundzwanzig'', twenty-one).

=== Geburtstage: Birthdays ===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! English !! German
|-
| birthday || der Geburtstag
|-
| present || das Geschenk
|-
| party || die Party
|-
| Happy Birthday! || Alles Gute zum Geburtstag!
|-
| Best wishes on your birthday! || Herzlichen Glückwunsch zum Geburtstag!
|-
| Here is your present! || Hier ist dein Geschenk!
|-
| Thank you! || Danke schön!
|}

=== Essen: Food and Restaurants ===

'''Food'''

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! English !! German
|-
| food; meal || das Essen
|-
| fruit || das Obst
|-
| vegetables || das Gemüse
|-
| apple || der Apfel
|-
| banana || die Banane
|-
| bread || das Brot
|-
| salad || der Salat
|-
| water || das Wasser
|-
| cheese || der Käse
|-
| tomato || die Tomate
|-
| potato || die Kartoffel
|-
| chicken || das Hähnchen
|-
| fish || der Fisch
|-
| soup || die Suppe
|-
| pizza || die Pizza
|-
| hamburger || der Hamburger
|-
| sausage || die Wurst
|-
| cake || der Kuchen
|-
| ice cream || das Eis
|}

'''Meals and restaurants'''

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! English !! German
|-
| lunch || das Mittagessen
|-
| dinner || das Abendessen
|-
| hunger || der Hunger
|-
| thirst || der Durst
|-
| waiter || der Kellner
|-
| bill || die Rechnung
|}

'''Common verbs'''

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! English !! German
|-
| to eat || essen
|-
| to drink || trinken
|-
| to want || wollen
|-
| would like || möchten
|-
| to receive; get || bekommen
|-
| to pay || zahlen
|-
| to taste || schmecken
|}

'''Describing food'''

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! English !! German
|-
| delicious || lecker
|-
| salty || salzig
|-
| sweet || süß
|-
| sour || sauer
|-
| spicy || scharf
|-
| hot (temperature) || heiß
|-
| cold || kalt
|-
| crispy || knusprig
|}

'''Useful phrases'''

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! English !! German
|-
| I am hungry. || Ich habe Hunger.
|-
| I am thirsty. || Ich habe Durst.
|-
| I would like ... || Ich möchte ...
|-
| What would you like? || Was möchtest du?
|-
| That tastes good. || Das schmeckt gut.
|-
| The bill, please. || Die Rechnung, bitte.
|-
| Please; you're welcome. || Bitte.
|-
| Thank you. || Danke.
|-
| No problem! || Kein Problem!
|}

== Grammar Review ==

=== Regular Verbs ===

To conjugate a regular German verb, remove the infinitive ending ''-en'' and add the appropriate personal ending.

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Pronoun !! Ending
|-
| ich || -e
|-
| du || -st
|-
| er/sie/es || -t
|-
| wir || -en
|-
| ihr || -t
|-
| sie/Sie || -en
|}

Some verbs have spelling or vowel changes. For example:

* lesen → du liest
* sehen → du siehst
* arbeiten → du arbeitest

German does not use a separate present progressive tense. ''Ich spiele'' can mean both &quot;I play&quot; and &quot;I am playing.&quot;

=== Expressing Likes and Dislikes ===

Use ''gern(e)'' after a conjugated verb to express that you enjoy an activity.

* Ich spiele gern Fußball. — I like playing soccer.
* Ich lese lieber. — I prefer reading.
* Ich schwimme nicht gern. — I do not like swimming.
* Ich spiele am liebsten Schach. — I like playing chess most of all.

=== Time and Word Order ===

Use the following prepositions when expressing time:

* ''um'' — at a specific time
* ''am'' — on a weekday or date
* ''im'' — in a month or season
* ''von ... bis ...'' — from ... until ...

In a main clause, the conjugated verb occupies the second position, even when a time expression begins the sentence.

Example:

''Am Samstag spiele ich Fußball.''

On Saturday, I play soccer.

=== Accusative Case ===

The accusative case marks the direct object of a sentence and follows certain prepositions.

The principal article changes are:

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Gender !! Nominative !! Accusative
|-
| Masculine || der / ein || den / einen
|-
| Feminine || die / eine || die / eine
|-
| Neuter || das / ein || das / ein
|-
| Plural || die || die
|}

Accusative personal pronouns include:

''mich, dich, ihn, sie, es, uns, euch, sie/Sie.''

The following prepositions take the accusative case:

''bis, durch, entlang, für, gegen, ohne, um.''

=== Modal Verbs ===

Modal verbs are conjugated, while the infinitive of the accompanying verb is placed at the end of the sentence.

* ''möchten'' — would like
* ''wollen'' — want

Examples:

* Ich möchte einen Apfel essen. — I would like to eat an apple.
* Wir wollen Fußball spielen. — We want to play soccer.

=== Kein-Words ===

''Kein-'' negates nouns and follows the same general declension pattern as ''ein-''.

Examples:

* kein Brot — no bread
* keinen Apfel — no apple
* keine Banane — no banana
* keine Tomaten — no tomatoes

=== Dieser-, Jeder-, and Welcher-Forms ===

These words behave like inflected adjectives and change according to gender, number, and case.

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! German !! English
|-
| dieser || this
|-
| jeder || every; each
|-
| welcher || which
|}

Remember that masculine accusative forms generally take the ending ''-en'' (e.g., ''diesen'', ''jeden'', ''welchen'').

== Self-Assessment ==

Before moving on, make sure you can:

* Discuss hobbies and activities using ''gern'', ''lieber'', and ''am liebsten''.
* Conjugate regular verbs and recognize common irregular forms.
* Ask and answer questions about the time, dates, and birthdays.
* Express frequency using ''immer'', ''oft'', and ''manchmal''.
* Use the accusative case with direct objects and relevant prepositions.
* Express wants and preferences using ''möchten'' and ''wollen''.
* Negate nouns using ''kein-''.
* Discuss food, order at a restaurant, and describe how food tastes.

For additional examples and exercises, revisit Lessons I.4, I.5, and I.6.

&lt;noinclude&gt;{{German/Level I/Footer|100%}}{{BookCat}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Canadian Copyright Law/Introduction</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>68404</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679949</id>
      <parentid>3227980</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-04T12:42:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>R. Henrik Nilsson</username>
        <id>3395618</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>necesssarily &gt; necessarily</comment>
      <origin>4679949</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="2427" sha1="azdhc9uvjrpe9nznsgpvash352zfirh" xml:space="preserve">Copyright is a legal regime that provides a set of limited exclusive rights to regulate the creative expression of ideas. In Canada, copyright provides for two forms of rights: economic rights and moral rights. Economic rights, which is the most frequent meaning when discussing &quot;copyright&quot;, are rights designed to allow the holder of the rights to benefit from the work. These rights can be bought and sold in any part, however, they necessarily have a limited longevity. Moral rights on the other hand, are inalienable rights of the creator of a work that acknowledge the work as an extension of the artist's personality. They are rights that allow for the artist to protect their dignity and reputation.  

The purpose of copyright law was articulated in ''Apple Computer v. Mackintosh Computers'' by Reed J.
:''purpose of the Copyright Act is and always has been to grant a monopoly. No distinction is made therein as to the purpose of the work created -- for entertainment, instruction or other purposes. The legislation historically, in my view had two purposes: to encourage disclosure of works for the &quot;advancement of learning&quot;, and to protect and reward the intellectual effort of the author (for a limited period of time) in the work''

However, the scope of these rights and those of the public are put in a delicate balance that the courts must regulate.
:''The Copyright Act is usually presented as a balance between promoting the public interest in the encouragement and dissemination of works of the arts and intellectual and obtainning a just reward for the creator (or, more accurately, to prevent someone other than the creator from appropriating whatever benefits may be generated).''

Drawing the line indicating what can and cannot be property is always an ongoing debate. The ephemeral nature of expression has made it often very difficult to distinguish from an idea. Moreover, the extent to which right holders should be advantaged adds to the debate. The proliferation of new technologies has only complicated these problems as the law must continually play catch-up to the ever changing information landscape.
  
Since 2002 copyright law has experienced a significant change on an almost yearly basis. The Courts have slowly been adopting an interpretive approach similar to the US wherein interests of the artists are offset by interests of the public as demonstrated in the quote above.

{{BookCat}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>German</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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    <revision>
      <id>4680077</id>
      <parentid>4663661</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-05T00:14:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>It-is-Truly-Meet</username>
        <id>3624460</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Resources */</comment>
      <origin>4680077</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2599" sha1="fl1gap38c7tlwfvo5m0xo3vyiz5pva9" xml:space="preserve">Welcome to the '''German''' wikibook, a free textbook for learning the German (Deutsch) language. As this book is still under development, you are invited to make any problems/suggestions known in our [[Talk:German|Discussion]] page. If you wish to contribute, feel free to see the [[/About|Developer's]] page.
&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
{| width=800px align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;border: transparent 0px solid; background-color: transparent;color:inherit;&quot;
| width=65% valign=&quot;top&quot; |
[[File:Flag of Germany.svg|border|x80px|Deutschland – Germany]]&amp;nbsp;
[[File:Flag of Switzerland.svg|border|x80px|Switzerland]]&amp;nbsp;
[[File:Flag of Austria.svg|border|x80px|Austria]]&amp;nbsp;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Munich skyline.jpg|x100px]][[File:Braniborská brána.jpg|x100px]][[File:Spiegelgalerie Herrenchiemsee.jpg|x100px]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Wood Cottages Verbier Valais 074.JPG|x100px]][[File:The Sun Sets on Château de Chillon.jpg|x100px]][[File:SalzburgerAltstadt02.JPG|x100px]]
|}
&lt;/div&gt;
{{PDF version|German Wikibook}}
&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#808080;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;big&gt;Did You Know?&lt;br /&gt;The German language does not have a true present continuous tense, only present tense.&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Well, out here in the far west near the Dutch border we have present continuous.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

==Contents==
{{German/Contents}}
{{German/Level I/Footer|100%}}
{{German/Level II/Footer|100%}}
{{German/Level III/Footer|100%}}
{{German/Level IV|0%}}
{{German/Level V|0%}}
{{German/Grammar/Footer|100%}}
{{German/Appendices/Footer|100%}}

==Resources==
{{print version}}
{{collection}}
: ''This book has a [[Media:German.pdf|PDF version]].''
*[[BLL German]] (Bite-sized Language Lessons)
*[[w:German Language|German Language]]
*[[:de:|German Language Wikibooks]]
*[[wikiversity:Topic:German|German studies in Wikiversity]]
*[[Freistil]] wikibook
*[https://community-courses.memrise.com/community/course/196236/german-wikibook/ Vocabulary drills based on this book on Memrise]
{{Category 2}}
&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;For other German textbooks refer to [[Deutsch]].&lt;/div&gt;

{{Shelves|German language}}
{{alphabetical|G}}
{{status|50%}}

[[af:Duits]]
[[ar:الألمانية]]
[[ca:Alemany]]
[[cs:Němčina]]
[[cy:Almaeneg]]
[[de:Regal:Deutsch als Fremdsprache]]
[[es:Alemán]]
[[eo:Germana]]
[[fr:Enseignement de l'allemand]]
[[is:Þýska]]
[[id:Bahasa Jerman]]
[[it:Tedesco]]
[[he:גרמנית]]
[[ka:გერმანული ენა]]
[[nl:Duits]]
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[[pl:Niemiecki]]
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[[uk:Мова людства/Верхньонімецька]]
[[zh:德语]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Basic Algebra/Working with Numbers/Integers and the Number Line</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>85897</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4680064</id>
      <parentid>3412951</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-04T21:17:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Chalky282</username>
        <id>3630310</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Vocabulary */ Added information about integers.</comment>
      <origin>4680064</origin>
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      <text bytes="1226" sha1="rsu7vq60sebn9pn9jznnzoqv58jkzmr" xml:space="preserve">== Vocabulary ==
;Integer: Any number that does not have a fractional component; can be both positive and negative. 
;Number Line: a line marked periodically with numbers
;Origin: Zero (0)

== Lesson ==
An integer is any number, positive or negative, that does not have a [[w:Fraction | fraction]] or [[w:Decimal point | decimal point]]. Integers can be shown on a number line, like the one below.

[[Image:Real_Number_Line.PNG|frame|center|The Number Line between the integers -10 and 10]]

This number line shows the numbers from -10 to (positive) 10. Notice the arrows on either side to show that the numbers continue in both directions even though they are not shown on the line.


== Practice Games ==
[http://www.funbrain.com/linejump/index.html http://www.funbrain.com/linejump/index.html]

== Practice Problems ==
&lt;quiz display=simple points=1/1&gt;
{What is
|type=&quot;{}&quot;}
-2+6={ 4_1 }
&lt;/quiz&gt;

{{BookCat}}
&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Simple Page Navigation|BookName=[[Basic Algebra]]|CurrentPage=Integers and the Number Line|PrevPage=[[Basic Algebra/Introduction to Basic Algebra Ideas/Chapter Test|Introduction to Basic Algebra - Chapter Test]]|NextPage=[[Basic Algebra/Working with Numbers/Absolute Value|Absolute Value]]}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Outreach/Junior Witness</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>102977</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4680072</id>
      <parentid>4413713</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-04T22:34:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>~2026-58614-47</username>
        <id>3630438</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* 2. Participate in at least five Outreach activities during one year. */</comment>
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      <text bytes="13503" sha1="nclywt026vsvodszlyycommefqmxr5g" xml:space="preserve">{{honor_header|2|1970|Outreach|General Conference}}

==1. Be a member of a Pathfinder Club or AY Society.==
If you do not know where to find a Pathfinder Club or Adventist Youth Society near you, talk to your pastor or the youth director at your conference.  They will be able to put you in touch with a Pathfinder Club or AY society near you.

==2. Participate in at least five share your faith activities of that organization during one year.==
There are many opportunities during the Pathfinder year for outreach activities.  Here is a list of ideas:
* Collecting canned goods for the needy
* Make sack lunches for a soup kitchen
* Nursing home visitation
* Work-a-thon (painting, cleaning, yard work, etc. for the disabled or elderly)
* Mission trip
* Disaster relief
* Literature distribution
* Reading to younger children
* Tutoring
* Vacation Bible School
* Adventurers events

==3. Enroll at least two people in a Bible correspondence course.==
Traditionally, this has been done using the postal service, but now it is common to do it over the Internet.  These sites have online Bible Studies that you can use.  Why not invite your Internet friends to study with you?
*[http://www.itiswritten.com It Is Written]
*[http://amazingfacts.org/ Amazing Facts]

==4. Know from memory at least two key texts for each of the following Bible teachings==
===a. Second coming of Christ===
{{Bible verse
| version = KJV
| book = 1 Thess
| chapter = 4
| verse = 16,17
| text =
For the Lord himself will come down from heaven, with a loud command, with the voice of the archangel and with the trumpet call of God, and the dead in Christ will rise first. After that, we who are still alive and are left will be caught up together with them in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air. And so we will be with the Lord forever. 
}}

{{Bible verse
| version = KJV
| book = Matthew
| chapter = 24
| verse = 30,31
| text =
&quot;At that time the sign of the Son of Man will appear in the sky, and all the nations of the earth will mourn. They will see the Son of Man coming on the clouds of the sky, with power and great glory. And he will send his angels with a loud trumpet call, and they will gather his elect from the four winds, from one end of the heavens to the other.&quot;
}}

{{Bible verse
| version = NIV
| book = Revelation
|chapter =  1
| verse = 7
| text =
Look, he is coming with the clouds, and every eye will see him, even those who pierced him; and all the peoples of the earth will mourn because of him. So shall it be! Amen.
}}

===b. Seventh-day Sabbath===
{{Bible verse
| version = NIV
| book = Exodus
| chapter = 20
| verse = 8-11
| text =
&quot;Remember the Sabbath day by keeping it holy. 9 Six days you shall labor and do all your work, 10 but the seventh day is a Sabbath to the LORD your God. On it you shall not do any work, neither you, nor your son or daughter, nor your manservant or maidservant, nor your animals, nor the alien within your gates.  For in six days the LORD made the heavens and the earth, the sea, and all that is in them, but he rested on the seventh day. Therefore the LORD blessed the Sabbath day and made it holy.
}}

{{Bible verse
| version = NIV
| book = Genesis
| chapter = 2
| verse =  2,3
| text =
By the seventh day God had finished the work he had been doing; so on the seventh day he rested from all his work. And God blessed the seventh day and made it holy, because on it he rested from all the work of creating that he had done.
}}

{{Bible verse
| version = NIV
| book = Mark
| chapter = 1
| verse = 21
| text =
They went to Capernaum, and when the Sabbath came, Jesus went into the synagogue and began to teach.
}}

===c. State of the dead===
{{Bible verse
| version = NIV
| book = Ecclesiastes
| chapter = 9
| verse =5
| text =
For the living know that they will die, but the dead know nothing; they have no further reward, and even the memory of them is forgotten.
}}

{{Bible verse
| version = NIV
| book = John
| chapter = 11
| verse = 11-15
| text =
After he had said this, he went on to tell them, &quot;Our friend Lazarus has fallen asleep; but I am going there to wake him up.&quot; His disciples replied, &quot;Lord, if he sleeps, he will get better.&quot; Jesus had been speaking of his death, but his disciples thought he meant natural sleep. So then he told them plainly, &quot;Lazarus is dead, and for your sake I am glad I was not there, so that you may believe. But let us go to him.&quot;
}}

===d. Law and grace===
{{Bible verse
| version = NIV
| book = John
| chapter = 1
| verse = 17
| text =
F''or the law was given through Moses; grace and truth came through Jesus Christ.''
;Romans 5&lt;nowiki&gt;:&lt;/nowiki&gt;20,21: ''The law was added so that the trespass might increase. But where sin increased, grace increased all the more, so that, just as sin reigned in death, so also grace might reign through righteousness to bring eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord.''
}}

{{Bible verse
| version = NIV
| book = Galatians
| chapter = 2
| verse = 20,21
| text =
I have been crucified with Christ and I no longer live, but Christ lives in me. The life I live in the body, I live by faith in the Son of God, who loved me and gave himself for me. 21I do not set aside the grace of God, for if righteousness could be gained through the law, Christ died for nothing!&quot;
}}
===e. Conversion===
{{Bible verse
| version = NIV
| book = John
| chapter = 3
| verse = 3-8
| text =
In reply Jesus declared, &quot;I tell you the truth, no one can see the kingdom of God unless he is born again.&quot; &quot;How can a man be born when he is old?&quot; Nicodemus asked. &quot;Surely he cannot enter a second time into his mother's womb to be born!&quot; Jesus answered, &quot;I tell you the truth, no one can enter the kingdom of God unless he is born of water and the Spirit. Flesh gives birth to flesh, but the Spirit gives birth to spirit. You should not be surprised at my saying, 'You must be born again.' The wind blows wherever it pleases. You hear its sound, but you cannot tell where it comes from or where it is going. So it is with everyone born of the Spirit.&quot;
}}

{{Bible verse
| version = NIV
| book = John
| chapter = 4
| verse = 13,14
| text =
Jesus answered, &quot;Everyone who drinks this water will be thirsty again, but whoever drinks the water I give him will never thirst. Indeed, the water I give him will become in him a spring of water welling up to eternal life.
}}

===f. Judgment===
{{Bible verse
| version = NIV
| book = Revelation
| chapter = 20
| verse = 11,12
| text =
Then I saw a great white throne and him who was seated on it. Earth and sky fled from his presence, and there was no place for them. 12And I saw the dead, great and small, standing before the throne, and books were opened. Another book was opened, which is the book of life. The dead were judged according to what they had done as recorded in the books.
}}
See also '''Revelation 6-8: ''', '''Romans 13''', and '''Zephaniah 1-3'''

===g. Inspiration of the Bible===
{{Bible verse
| version = NIV
| book = 2 Timothy
| chapter = 3
| verse = 16,17
| text =
All Scripture is God-breathed and is useful for teaching, rebuking, correcting and training in righteousness, so that the man of God may be thoroughly equipped for every good work.
}}

{{Bible verse
| version = NIV
| book = Acts
| chapter = 17
| verse = 11
| text =
Now the Bereans were of more noble character than the Thessalonians, for they received the message with great eagerness and examined the Scriptures every day to see if what Paul said was true.
}}

{{Bible verse
| version = NIV
| book = Psalm
| chapter = 32
| verse = 8,9
| text =
I will instruct you and teach you in the way you should go; I will counsel you and watch over you.  Do not be like the horse or the mule, which have no understanding but must be controlled by bit and bridle or they will not come to you.
}}

===h. Spirit of Prophecy===
{{Bible verse
| version = kjv
| book = Revelation
| chapter =19
| verse = 10
| text =
At this I fell at his feet to worship him. But he said to me, &quot;Do not do it! I am a fellow servant with you and with your brothers who hold to the testimony of Jesus. Worship God! For the testimony of Jesus is the spirit of prophecy.
}}

{{Bible verse
| version = KJV
| book = 2 Peter
| chapter = 1
| verse = 21
| text =
For prophecy never had its origin in the will of man, but men spoke from God as they were carried along by the Holy Spirit.
}}

{{Bible verse
| version = NIV
| book = 1 Corinthians
| chapter =12
| verse = 7-11
| text =
Now to each one the manifestation of the Spirit is given for the common good. To one there is given through the Spirit the message of wisdom, to another the message of knowledge by means of the same Spirit, to another faith by the same Spirit, to another gifts of healing by that one Spirit, to another miraculous powers, to another prophecy, to another distinguishing between spirits, to another speaking in different kinds of tongues, and to still another the interpretation of tongues.  All these are the work of one and the same Spirit, and he gives them to each one, just as he determines.
}}

===i. The saints’ reward===
{{Bible verse
| version = NIV
| book = Psalm
| chapter = 23
| verse = 5,6
| text =
''You prepare a table before me''
:''in the presence of my enemies.''
:''You anoint my head with oil;''
:''my cup overflows.''
:''Surely goodness and love will follow me''
:''all the days of my life,''
:''and I will dwell in the house of the LORD''
:''forever.''
}}

{{Bible verse
| version = NIV
| book = John
| chapter = 14
| verse = 1-3
| text =
Do not let your hearts be troubled. Trust in God; trust also in me. In my Father's house are many rooms; if it were not so, I would have told you. I am going there to prepare a place for you. And if I go and prepare a place for you, I will come back and take you to be with me that you also may be where I am. &quot;
}}

==5.  Give at least two Bible studies, using the open-Bible method, using visual aids, audio or electronic equipment.==
Doing this is simpler than you might expect. One way to do this is by having a Friday night vespers for your Bible studies. In this way you are around others that you already know and in a familiar setting. Organize the evening as you would any other vespers service. Have song service, take up prayer requests, exchange dialog about the week (talk about plans for the weekend, the next week, etc.), have some snack food (if you want), and have a devotional thought (that's your Bible study).

It is always best to have taken some time to plan out what you are going to talk about ahead of time (Not just a few minutes, but at least a few hours ago. A day in advanced is best, because it gives you time to relax between preparation and delivery of your devotional thought.) You have your Bible study topic outlined. Begin with prayer. Not only will this calm you down, but it also invites God to be with everyone as they take a look at His Written Word. Then, dive in. Once you begin your Bible study, you will find that the hard part is over. Because you have gotten the group started and they aren't just sitting there waiting on you to open the study session, you will notice that the group may in fact move without your help. That doesn't mean that you can sit back and relax for the rest of the time. You need to monitor the flow of the study and put in comments that will &quot;guide&quot; the conversation where you want it to go. At the end of the Bible study, sum up everything that you (as a group) have discussed and point out a few key things that you wanted to get across to those in the group.

As for the visual aids, including audio or electronic equipment ... Those are tools that will assist you in presenting your thoughts to everyone else in the group. Don't be intimidated by them.

==6.  Make at least 50 one-to-one contacts using outreach literature, ADRA annual solicitation, health/church survey or other one-to-one contact programs.==
This is a lot like can collecting. The idea is to go from door to door with outreach literature that you plan on distributing to people you meet. This can be done as an outreach project with an AY Club, Youth Group, or individually.  Some clubs distribute literature as they are collecting cans.

Materials that you might use include:

* Outreach literature (ex. the &quot;Discover Series&quot; by &quot;Voice of Prophecy&quot; or other evangelistic material that your church can supply).
* ADRA annual solicitation: This activity is about asking for funds to be used to serve those in needs outside of the NAD (North American Division of Seventh-day Adventists) and &quot;can be done by passing out ADRA's ''The Original Really Useful Gift Cataloge {{CURRENTYEAR}}'' or another such type of pamphlet&quot;.  In the past, the church called this activity ''Ingathering''.
* Health/church survey (In this activity, all you really do is take a survey out to at least 50 people [more is better for the purpose of the survey] of any lifestyle, income, etc.  There are two ways to conduct the survey. The first is to ask to do the survey with the person at the present time; the other way to do this is to ask for each person to please fill out the survey and send it to the local church's address or you could return to collect the survey on a designated date.).
* Other one-to-one contact program (This option is here for you to create your own variety of one-to-one contact program that fits your needs as a junior witness).

==References==

[[{{BOOKCATEGORY|Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book}}/Completed Honors|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]</text>
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      </contributor>
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      <comment>/* Example table generator XML */</comment>
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=[[File:Crystal_Clear_app_password.png|25px]]Identity=

An object id (OID) is something that uniquely identifies an object.  Within a JVM this is typically the object's pointer.  In a relational database table, a row is uniquely identified in its table by its [[w:Primary key|primary key]].  When persisting objects to a database you need a unique identifier for the objects, this allows you to query the object, define relationships to the object, and update and delete the object.  In JPA the object id is defined through the &lt;code&gt;[https://docs.oracle.com/javaee/7/api/javax/persistence/Id.html @Id]&lt;/code&gt; annotation or &lt;code&gt;&lt;id&gt;&lt;/code&gt; element and should correspond to the primary key of the object's table.


===Example id annotation===
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;java&quot;&gt;
...
@Entity
public class Employee {
    @Id
    private long id
    ...
}
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

===Example id XML===
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;xml&quot;&gt;
&lt;entity name=&quot;Employee&quot; class=&quot;org.acme.Employee&quot; access=&quot;FIELD&quot;&gt;
    &lt;attributes&gt;
        &lt;id name=&quot;id&quot;/&gt;
        &lt;generator class=&quot;assigned&quot; /&gt;
    &lt;/attributes&gt;
&lt;entity/&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

====Common Problems====

=====&lt;i&gt;Strange behavior, unique constraint violation.&lt;/i&gt;=====
: You must never change the id of an object.  Doing so will cause errors, or strange behavior depending on your JPA provider.  Also do not create two objects with the same id, or try persisting an object with the same id as an existing object.  If you have an object that may be existing use the &lt;code&gt;EntityManager&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;merge()&lt;/code&gt; API, do not use &lt;code&gt;persist()&lt;/code&gt; for an existing object, and avoid relating an un-managed existing object to other managed objects.

=====&lt;i&gt;No primary key.&lt;/i&gt;=====
: See [[#No Primary Key|No Primary Key]].

=Sequencing=
An object id can either be a natural id or a generated id.  A natural id is one that occurs in the object and has some meaning in the application.  Examples of natural ids include email addresses, phone numbers, and social insurance numbers.  A generated id (also known as a surrogate id) is one that is generated by the system.  A sequence number in JPA is a sequential id generated by the JPA implementation and automatically assigned to new objects.  The benefits of using sequence numbers are that they are guaranteed to be unique, allow all other data of the object to change, are efficient values for querying and indexes, and can be efficiently assigned.  The main issue with natural ids is that everything always changes at some point; even a person's social insurance number can change.  Natural ids can also make querying, foreign keys and indexing less efficient in the database.

In JPA an &lt;code&gt;@Id&lt;/code&gt; can be easily assigned a generated sequence number through the &lt;code&gt;[https://java.sun.com/javaee/5/docs/api/javax/persistence/GeneratedValue.html @GeneratedValue]&lt;/code&gt; annotation, or &lt;code&gt;&lt;generated-value&gt;&lt;/code&gt; element.

===Example generated id annotation===
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;java&quot;&gt;
...
@Entity
public class Employee {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue
    private long id
    ...
}
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

===Example generated id XML===
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;xml&quot;&gt;
&lt;entity name=&quot;Employee&quot; class=&quot;org.acme.Employee&quot; access=&quot;FIELD&quot;&gt;
    &lt;attributes&gt;
        &lt;id name=&quot;id&quot;&gt;
            &lt;generated-value/&gt;
        &lt;/id&gt;
    &lt;/attributes&gt;
&lt;entity/&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

==Sequence Strategies==
There are several strategies for generating unique ids.  Some strategies are database agnostic and others make use of built-in databases support.

JPA provides support for several strategies for id generation defined through the &lt;code&gt;[https://java.sun.com/javaee/5/docs/api/javax/persistence/GenerationType.html GenerationType]&lt;/code&gt; enum values: TABLE, SEQUENCE and IDENTITY.

The choice of which sequence strategy to use is important as it affects performance, concurrency and portability.

===Table sequencing===
Table sequencing uses a table in the database to generate unique ids.  The table has two columns, one stores the name of the sequence, the other stores the last id value that was assigned.  There is a row in the sequence table for each sequence object.  Each time a new id is required the row for that sequence is incremented and the new id value is passed back to the application to be assigned to an object.  This is just one example of a sequence table schema, for other table sequencing schemas see [[#Customizing|Customizing]].

Table sequencing is the most portable solution because it just uses a regular database table, so unlike sequence and identity can be used on any database.  Table sequencing also provides good performance because it allows for sequence pre-allocation, which is extremely important to insert performance, but can have potential [[#Concurrency and Deadlocks | concurrency issues]].

In JPA the &lt;code&gt;[https://java.sun.com/javaee/5/docs/api/javax/persistence/TableGenerator.html @TableGenerator]&lt;/code&gt; annotation or &lt;code&gt;&lt;table-generator&gt;&lt;/code&gt; element is used to define a sequence table. The TableGenerator defines a &lt;code&gt;pkColumnName &lt;/code&gt; for the column used to store the name of the sequence, &lt;code&gt;valueColumnName &lt;/code&gt; for the column used to store the last id allocated, and &lt;code&gt;pkColumnValue &lt;/code&gt; for the value to store in the name column (normally the sequence name).

====Example sequence table====

&lt;table cellspacing=0 border=1 cellpadding=0&gt;
  &lt;tr style=&quot;background:#deadff;{{Text default color}}; &quot; align=center&gt;&lt;td colspan=2&gt; SEQUENCE_TABLE &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style=&quot;background:#aabbcc;{{Text default color}}; &quot;&gt;  &lt;td&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;SEQ_NAME&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;SEQ_COUNT &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;EMP_SEQ&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;13&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;PROJ_SEQ&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;570&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

====Example table generator annotation====
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;java&quot;&gt;
...
@Entity
public class Employee {
    @Id
    @TableGenerator(name=&quot;TABLE_GEN&quot;, table=&quot;SEQUENCE_TABLE&quot;, pkColumnName=&quot;SEQ_NAME&quot;,
        valueColumnName=&quot;SEQ_COUNT&quot;, pkColumnValue=&quot;EMP_SEQ&quot;)
    @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.TABLE, generator=&quot;TABLE_GEN&quot;)
    private long id;
    ...
}
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

====Example table generator XML====
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;xml&quot;&gt;
&lt;entity name=&quot;Employee&quot; class=&quot;org.acme.Employee&quot; access=&quot;FIELD&quot;&gt;
    &lt;attributes&gt;
        &lt;id name=&quot;id&quot;&gt;
            &lt;generated-value strategy=&quot;TABLE&quot; generator=&quot;EMP_SEQ&quot;/&gt;
            &lt;table-generator name=&quot;EMP_SEQ&quot; table=&quot;SEQUENCE_TABLE&quot; pk-column-name=&quot;SEQ_NAME&quot;
                value-column-name=&quot;SEQ_COUNT&quot; pk-column-value=&quot;EMP_SEQ&quot;/&gt;
        &lt;/id&gt;
    &lt;/attributes&gt;
&lt;entity/&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;Syntax	
#include &lt;cstdio&gt;
int fgetc( FILE *stream );

====Common Problems====

=====&lt;i&gt;Error when allocating a sequence number.&lt;/i&gt;=====
: Errors such as &lt;i&gt;&quot;table not found&quot;&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;&quot;invalid column&quot;&lt;/i&gt; can occur if you do not have a SEQUENCE table defined in your database, or its schema does not match what you have configured, or what your JPA provider is expecting by default.  Ensure you create the sequence table correctly, or configure your &lt;code&gt;@TableGenerator&lt;/code&gt; to match the table that you created, or let your JPA provider create you tables for you (most JPA provider support schema creation).  You may also get an error such as &lt;i&gt;&quot;sequence not found&quot;&lt;/i&gt;, this means you did not create a row in the table for your sequence.  You must insert an initial row in the sequence table for your sequence with the initial id (i.e. &lt;code&gt;INSERT INTO SEQUENCE_TABLE (SEQ_NAME, SEQ_COUNT) VALUES (&quot;EMP_SEQ&quot;, 0)&lt;/code&gt;), or let your JPA provider create your schema for you.

=====&lt;i&gt;Deadlock or poor concurrency in the sequence table.&lt;/i&gt;=====
: See [[#Concurrency and Deadlocks | concurrency issues]].

===Sequence objects===
Sequence objects use special database objects to generate ids.  Sequence objects are only supported in some databases, such as Oracle, DB2, and Postgres.  Usually, a SEQUENCE object has a name, an INCREMENT, and other database object settings.  Each time the &lt;code&gt;&lt;sequence&gt;.NEXTVAL&lt;/code&gt; is selected the sequence is incremented by the INCREMENT.

Sequence objects provide the optimal sequencing option, as they are the most efficient and have the best concurrency, however they are the least portable as most databases do not support them.  Sequence objects support sequence preallocation through setting the INCREMENT on the database sequence object to the sequence preallocation size.

In JPA the &lt;code&gt;[https://java.sun.com/javaee/5/docs/api/javax/persistence/SequenceGenerator.html @SequenceGenerator]&lt;/code&gt; annotation or &lt;code&gt;&lt;sequence-generator&gt;&lt;/code&gt; element is used to define a sequence object.  The SequenceGenerator defines a &lt;code&gt;sequenceName&lt;/code&gt; for the name of the database sequence object, and an &lt;code&gt;allocationSize&lt;/code&gt; for the sequence preallocation size or sequence object INCREMENT.

====Example sequence generator annotation====
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;java&quot;&gt;
...
@Entity
public class Employee {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.SEQUENCE, generator=&quot;EMP_SEQ&quot;)
    @SequenceGenerator(name=&quot;EMP_SEQ&quot;, sequenceName=&quot;EMP_SEQ&quot;, allocationSize=100)
    private long id;
   
}
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

====Example sequence generator XML====
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;xml&quot;&gt;
&lt;entity name=&quot;Employee&quot; class=&quot;org.acme.Employee&quot; access=&quot;FIELD&quot;&gt;
    &lt;attributes&gt;
        &lt;id name=&quot;id&quot;&gt;
            &lt;generated-value strategy=&quot;SEQUENCE&quot; generator=&quot;EMP_SEQ&quot;/&gt;
            &lt;sequence-generator name=&quot;EMP_SEQ&quot; sequence-name=&quot;EMP_SEQ&quot; allocation-size=&quot;100&quot;/&gt;
        &lt;/id&gt;
    &lt;/attributes&gt;
&lt;entity/&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

====Common Problems====

=====&lt;i&gt;Error when allocating a sequence number.&lt;/i&gt;=====
: Errors such as &lt;i&gt;&quot;sequence not found&quot;&lt;/i&gt;, can occur if you do not have a SEQUENCE object defined in your database.  Ensure you create the sequence object, or let your JPA provider create your schema for you (most JPA providers support schema creation).  When creating your sequence object, ensure the sequence's &lt;code&gt;INCREMENT&lt;/code&gt; matches your &lt;code&gt;SequenceGenerator&lt;/code&gt;'s &lt;code&gt;allocationSize&lt;/code&gt;.  The DDL to create a sequence object depends on the database, for Oracle it is, &lt;code&gt;CREATE SEQUENCE EMP_SEQ INCREMENT BY 100 START WITH 100&lt;/code&gt;.

=====&lt;i&gt;Invalid, duplicate or negative sequence numbers.&lt;/i&gt;=====
: This can occur if your sequence object's &lt;code&gt;INCREMENT&lt;/code&gt; does not match your &lt;code&gt;allocationSize&lt;/code&gt;.  This results in the JPA provider thinking it got back more sequences than it really did, and ends up duplicating values, or with negative numbers.  This can also occur on some JPA providers if your sequence object's &lt;code&gt;STARTS WITH&lt;/code&gt; is 0 instead of a value equal or greater to the &lt;code&gt;allocationSize&lt;/code&gt;.

===Identity sequencing===
Identity sequencing uses special IDENTITY columns in the database to allow the database to automatically assign an id to the object when its row is inserted.  Identity columns are supported in many databases, such as MySQL, DB2, SQL Server, Sybase, and PostgreSQL. Oracle supports IDENTITY columns as of Oracle 12c. If using an older version, it is possible to simulate them using sequence objects and triggers.

Although identity sequencing seems like the easiest method to assign an id, they have several issues.  One is that since the id is not assigned by the database until the row is inserted the id cannot be obtained in the object until after commit or after a flush call.  Identity sequencing also does not allow for sequence preallocation, so can require a select for each object that is inserted, potentially causing a major performance problem, so in general are not recommended.

In JPA there is no annotation or element for identity sequencing as there is no additional information to specify.  Only the &lt;code&gt;GeneratedValue&lt;/code&gt;'s strategy needs to be set to &lt;code&gt;IDENTITY&lt;/code&gt;.

====Example identity annotation====
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;java&quot;&gt;
...
@Entity
public class Employee {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private long id;
    ...
}
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

====Example identity XML====
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;xml&quot;&gt;
&lt;entity name=&quot;Employee&quot; class=&quot;org.acme.Employee&quot; access=&quot;FIELD&quot;&gt;
    &lt;attributes&gt;
        &lt;id name=&quot;id&quot;&gt;
            &lt;generated-value strategy=&quot;IDENTITY&quot;/&gt;
        &lt;/id&gt;
    &lt;/attributes&gt;
&lt;entity/&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

====PostgreSQL Serial Columns====
Sequence objects are database constructs and can be instantiated as distinct objects as needed. They provide incremental values when their &quot;next&quot; method is called. Note that the increments can be values greater than one, for example incremented by two's, three's etc. An 'on insert' trigger can be constructed for each table that calls a sequence object created for that specific table primary key asking for the next value and inserting it into the table with the new record. Identity datatypes in products like MySQL or SQL Server are encapsulated types that do the same thing without requiring the set up of triggers and sequences (although PostgreSQL at least has automated much of this with its Serial and Big Serial ''pseudo'' datatypes (these actually create an int/bigint column and run a &quot;macro&quot; creating the sequence and 'on insert' trigger when the CREATE TABLE statement is executed.)).

====Common Problems====

=====&lt;i&gt;null is inserted into the database, or error on insert.&lt;/i&gt;=====
: This typically occurs because the @Id was not configured to use an @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY).  Ensure it is configured correctly.  It could also be that your JPA provider does not support identity sequencing on the database platform that you are using, or you have not configured your database platform.  Most providers require that you set the database platform through a persistence.xml property, most provider also allow you to customize your own platform if it is not directly supported. It may also be that you did not set your primary key column in your table to be an identity type.

=====&lt;i&gt;Object's id is not assigned after persist.&lt;/i&gt;=====
: Identity sequencing requires the insert to occur before the id can be assigned, so it is not assigned on persist like other types of sequencing.  You must either call &lt;code&gt;commit()&lt;/code&gt; on the current transaction, or call &lt;code&gt;flush()&lt;/code&gt; on the &lt;code&gt;EntityManager&lt;/code&gt;.  It may also be that you did not set your primary key column in your table to be an identity type.

=====&lt;i&gt;Child's id is not assigned from parent on persist.&lt;/i&gt;=====
: A common issue is that the generated &lt;code&gt;Id&lt;/code&gt; is part of a child object's &lt;code&gt;Id&lt;/code&gt; through a &lt;code&gt;OneToOne&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;ManyToOne&lt;/code&gt; mapping.  In this case, because JPA requires that the child define a duplicate &lt;code&gt;Basic&lt;/code&gt; mapping for the &lt;code&gt;Id&lt;/code&gt;, its &lt;code&gt;Id&lt;/code&gt; will be inserted as null.  One solution to this is to mark the &lt;code&gt;Column&lt;/code&gt; on the &lt;code&gt;Id&lt;/code&gt; mapping in the child as &lt;code&gt;insertable=false, updateable=false&lt;/code&gt;, and define the &lt;code&gt;OneToOne&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;ManyToOne&lt;/code&gt; using a normal &lt;code&gt;JoinColumn&lt;/code&gt; this will ensure the foreign key field is populated by the &lt;code&gt;OneToOne&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;ManyToOne&lt;/code&gt; not the &lt;code&gt;Basic&lt;/code&gt;.  Another option is to first persist the parent, then call &lt;code&gt;flush()&lt;/code&gt; before persisting the child.

=====&lt;i&gt;Poor insert performance.&lt;/i&gt;=====
: Identity sequencing does not support sequence preallocation, so requires a select after each insert, in some cases doubling the insert cost.  Consider using a sequence table, or sequence object to allow sequence preallocation.

=====&lt;i&gt;Lost latest free id.&lt;/i&gt;=====
: MySQL bug [http://bugs.mysql.com/bug.php?id=199 199] causes its autoincrement counter to be lost on restart. So if the last entity is removed and the MySQL server restarted, the same id will be re-used and thus not be unique.

=Advanced=

==Composite Primary Keys==
A composite primary key is one that is made up of several columns in the table.  A composite primary key can be used if no single column in the table is unique.  It is generally more efficient and simpler to have a one-column primary key, such as a generated sequence number, but sometimes a composite primary key is desirable and unavoidable. 

[[Image:Cascaded-keys.PNG]]

Composite primary keys are common in legacy database schemas, where ''cascaded keys'' can sometimes be used.  This refers to a model where dependent objects' key definitions include their parents' primary key; for example, &lt;code&gt;COMPANY&lt;/code&gt;'s primary key is &lt;code&gt;COMPANY_ID&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;DEPARTMENT&lt;/code&gt;'s primary key is composed of a &lt;code&gt;COMPANY_ID&lt;/code&gt; and a &lt;code&gt;DEP_ID&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;EMPLOYEE&lt;/code&gt;'s primary key is composed of &lt;code&gt;COMPANY_ID&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;DEP_ID&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;EMP_ID&lt;/code&gt;, and so on.  Although this generally does not match object-oriented design principles, some DBA's prefer this model.  Difficulties with the model include the restriction that employees cannot switch departments, that foreign-key relationships become more complex, and that all primary-key operations (including queries, updates, and deletes) are less efficient.  However, each department has control over its own employee IDs, and if needed the database &lt;code&gt;EMPLOYEE&lt;/code&gt; table can be partitioned based on the &lt;code&gt;COMPANY_ID&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;DEP_ID&lt;/code&gt;, as these are included in every query.

Other common usages of composite primary keys include many-to-many relationships where the join table has additional columns, so the table itself is mapped to an object whose primary key consists of the pair of foreign-key columns and dependent or aggregate one-to-many relationships where the child object's primary key consists of its parent's primary key and a locally unique field.

There are two methods of declaring a composite primary key in JPA, &lt;code&gt;IdClass&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;EmbeddedId&lt;/code&gt;.

===Id Class===
An &lt;code&gt;IdClass&lt;/code&gt; defines a separate Java class to represent the primary key.  It is defined through the &lt;code&gt;[https://java.sun.com/javaee/5/docs/api/javax/persistence/IdClass.html @IdClass]&lt;/code&gt; annotation or &lt;code&gt;&lt;id-class&gt;&lt;/code&gt; XML element.  The &lt;code&gt;IdClass&lt;/code&gt; must define an attribute (field/property) that mirrors each &lt;code&gt;Id&lt;/code&gt; attribute in the entity.  It must have the same attribute name and type.  When using an &lt;code&gt;IdClass&lt;/code&gt; you still require to mark each &lt;code&gt;Id&lt;/code&gt; attribute in the entity with &lt;code&gt;@Id&lt;/code&gt;.

The main purpose of the &lt;code&gt;IdClass&lt;/code&gt; is to be used as the structure passed to the &lt;code&gt;EntityManager&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;find()&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;getReference()&lt;/code&gt; API.  Some JPA products also use the &lt;code&gt;IdClass&lt;/code&gt; as a cache key to track an object's identity.  Because of this, it is required (depending on JPA product) to implement an &lt;code&gt;equals()&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;hashCode()&lt;/code&gt; method on the &lt;code&gt;IdClass&lt;/code&gt;.  Ensure that the &lt;code&gt;equals()&lt;/code&gt; method checks each part of the primary key, and correctly uses &lt;code&gt;equals&lt;/code&gt; for objects and &lt;code&gt;==&lt;/code&gt; for primitives.  Ensure that the &lt;code&gt;hashCode()&lt;/code&gt; method will return the same value for two equal objects.
: [[Java Persistence/TopLink|TopLink]] / [[Java Persistence/EclipseLink|EclipseLink]] : Do not require the implementation of &lt;code&gt;equals()&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;hashCode()&lt;/code&gt; in the id class.

====Example id class annotation====
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;java&quot;&gt;
...
@Entity
@IdClass(EmployeePK.class)
public class Employee {
    @Id
    private long employeeId;

    @Id
    private long companyId;

    @Id
    private long departmentId;
    ...
}
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

====Example id class XML====
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;xml&quot;&gt;
&lt;entity class=&quot;org.acme.Employee&quot;&gt;
    &lt;id-class class=&quot;org.acme.EmployeePK&quot;/&gt;
    &lt;attributes&gt;
        &lt;id name=&quot;employeeId&quot;/&gt;
        &lt;id name=&quot;companyId&quot;/&gt;
        &lt;id name=&quot;departmentId&quot;/&gt;
    &lt;/attributes&gt;
&lt;entity/&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

====Example id class====
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;java&quot;&gt;
...
public class EmployeePK implements Serializable {
    private long employeeId;

    private long companyId;

    private long departmentId;
    
    public EmployeePK(long employeeId, long companyId, long departmentId) {
        this.employeeId   = employeeId;
        this.companyId    = companyId;
        this.departmentId = departmentId;
    }

    public boolean equals(Object object) {
        if (object instanceof EmployeePK) {
            EmployeePK pk = (EmployeePK)object;
            return employeeId == pk.employeeId &amp;&amp; companyId == pk.companyId &amp;&amp; departmentId == pk.departmentId;
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    }

    public int hashCode() {
        return (int)(employeeId + companyId + departmentId);
    }
}
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

===Embedded Id===
An &lt;code&gt;EmbeddedId&lt;/code&gt; defines a separate &lt;code&gt;Embeddable&lt;/code&gt; Java class to contain the entities primary key.  It is defined through the &lt;code&gt;[https://java.sun.com/javaee/5/docs/api/javax/persistence/EmbeddedId.html @EmbeddedId]&lt;/code&gt; annotation or &lt;code&gt;&lt;embedded-id&gt;&lt;/code&gt; XML element.  The &lt;code&gt;EmbeddedId&lt;/code&gt;'s &lt;code&gt;Embeddable&lt;/code&gt; class must define each id attribute for the entity using &lt;code&gt;Basic&lt;/code&gt; mappings.  All attributes in the &lt;code&gt;EmbeddedId&lt;/code&gt;'s &lt;code&gt;Embeddable&lt;/code&gt; are assumed to be part of the primary key.

The &lt;code&gt;EmbeddedId&lt;/code&gt; is also used as the structure passed to the &lt;code&gt;EntityManager&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;find()&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;getReference()&lt;/code&gt; API.  Some JPA products also use the &lt;code&gt;EmbeddedId&lt;/code&gt; as a cache key to track an object's identity.  Because of this, it is required (depending on JPA product) to implement an &lt;code&gt;equals()&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;hashCode()&lt;/code&gt; method on the &lt;code&gt;EmbeddedId&lt;/code&gt;.  Ensure that the &lt;code&gt;equals()&lt;/code&gt; method checks each part of the primary key, and correctly uses &lt;code&gt;equals&lt;/code&gt; for objects and &lt;code&gt;==&lt;/code&gt; for primitives.  Ensure that the &lt;code&gt;hashCode()&lt;/code&gt; method will return the same value for two equal objects.
: [[Java Persistence/TopLink|TopLink]] / [[Java Persistence/EclipseLink|EclipseLink]] : Do not require the implementation of &lt;code&gt;equals()&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;hashCode()&lt;/code&gt; in the id class.

====Example embedded id annotation====
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;java&quot;&gt;
...
@Entity
public class Employee {
    @EmbeddedId
    private EmployeePK id
    ...
}
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

====Example embedded id XML====
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;xml&quot;&gt;
&lt;entity class=&quot;org.acme.Employee&quot;&gt;
    &lt;attributes&gt;
        &lt;embedded-id name=&quot;org.acme.EmployeePK&quot;/&gt;
    &lt;/attributes&gt;
&lt;entity/&gt;
&lt;embeddable class=&quot;org.acme.EmployeePK&quot;&gt;
    &lt;attributes&gt;
        &lt;basic name=&quot;employeeId&quot;/&gt;
        &lt;basic name=&quot;companyId&quot;/&gt;
        &lt;basic name=&quot;departmentId&quot;/&gt;
    &lt;/attributes&gt;
&lt;embeddable/&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

====Example embedded id class====
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;java&quot;&gt;
...
@Embeddable
public class EmployeePK {
    @Basic
    private long employeeId;

    @Basic
    private long companyId;

    @Basic
    private long departmentId;
        
    public EmployeePK(long employeeId, long companyId, long departmentId) {
        this.employeeId = employeeId;
        this.companyId = companyId;
        this.departmentId = departmentId;
    }

    public boolean equals(Object object) {
        if (object instanceof EmployeePK) {
            EmployeePK pk = (EmployeePK)object;
            return employeeId == pk.employeeId &amp;&amp; companyId == pk.companyId &amp;&amp; departmentId == pk.departmentId;
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    }

    public int hashCode() {
        return (int)(employeeId + companyId + departmentId);
    }
}
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

==Primary Keys through OneToOne and ManyToOne Relationships==
A common model is to have a dependent object share the primary key of its parent.  In the case of a &lt;code&gt;OneToOne&lt;/code&gt; the child's primary key is the same as the parent, and in the case of a &lt;code&gt;ManyToOne&lt;/code&gt; the child's primary key is composed of the parent's primary key and another locally unique field.

JPA 1.0 does not allow &lt;code&gt;@Id&lt;/code&gt; on a &lt;code&gt;OneToOne&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;ManyToOne&lt;/code&gt;, but JPA 2.0 does.

One of the biggest pitfalls when working with composite primary keys comes with the implementation of associations to entity classes whose tables have multi-column primary keys (using the @JoinColumns annotation). Many JPA implementations may throw seemingly inconsistent exceptions when not specifying referencedColumnName for &lt;em&gt;every&lt;/em&gt; @JoinColumns annotation, which JPA requires for composite foreign keys (even if all referenced column names are equal to the ones in the referencing table). See http://download.oracle.com/javaee/5/api/javax/persistence/JoinColumns.html

===JPA 1.0===
Unfortunately JPA 1.0 does not handle this model well, and things become complicated, so to make your life a little easier you may consider defining a generated unique id for the child.  JPA 1.0 requires that all &lt;code&gt;@Id&lt;/code&gt; mappings be &lt;code&gt;Basic&lt;/code&gt; mappings, so if your &lt;code&gt;Id&lt;/code&gt; comes from a foreign key column through a &lt;code&gt;OneToOne&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;ManyToOne&lt;/code&gt; mapping, you must also define a &lt;code&gt;Basic&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;@Id&lt;/code&gt; mapping for the foreign key column.  The reason for this is in part that the &lt;code&gt;Id&lt;/code&gt; must be a simple object for identity and caching purposes, and for use in the &lt;code&gt;IdClass&lt;/code&gt; or the &lt;code&gt;EntityManager&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;find()&lt;/code&gt; API.

Because you now have two mappings for the same foreign key column you must define which one will be written to the database (it must be the &lt;code&gt;Basic&lt;/code&gt; one), so the &lt;code&gt;OneToOne&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;ManyToOne&lt;/code&gt; foreign key must be defined to be read-only.  This is done through setting the &lt;code&gt;JoinColumn&lt;/code&gt; attributes &lt;code&gt;insertable&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;updatable&lt;/code&gt; to false, or by using the &lt;code&gt;@PrimaryKeyJoinColumn&lt;/code&gt; instead of the &lt;code&gt;@JoinColumn&lt;/code&gt;.

A side effect of having two mappings for the same column is that you now have to keep the two in synch.  This is typically done through having the set method for the &lt;code&gt;OneToOne&lt;/code&gt; attribute also set the &lt;code&gt;Basic&lt;/code&gt; attribute value to the target object's id.  This can become very complicated if the target object's primary key is a &lt;code&gt;GeneratedValue&lt;/code&gt;, in this case you must ensure that the target object's id has been assigned &lt;i&gt;before&lt;/i&gt; relating the two objects.

Some times I think that JPA primary keys would be much simpler if they were just defined on the entity using a collection of &lt;code&gt;Column&lt;/code&gt;s instead of mixing them up with the attribute mapping.  This would leave you free to map the primary key field in any manner you desired.  A generic &lt;code&gt;List&lt;/code&gt; could be used to pass the primary key to &lt;code&gt;find()&lt;/code&gt; methods, and it would be the JPA provider's responsibility for hashing and comparing the primary key correctly instead of the user's &lt;code&gt;IdClass&lt;/code&gt;.  But perhaps for simple singleton primary key models the JPA model is more straight forward.

:[[Java Persistence/TopLink|TopLink]] / [[Java Persistence/EclipseLink|EclipseLink]] : Allow the primary key to be specified as a list of columns instead of using &lt;code&gt;Id&lt;/code&gt; mappings.  This allows &lt;code&gt;OneToOne&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;ManyToOne&lt;/code&gt; mapping foreign keys to be used as the primary key without requiring a duplicate mapping.  It also allows the primary key to be defined through any other mapping type.  This is set through using a &lt;code&gt;DescriptorCustomizer&lt;/code&gt; and the &lt;code&gt;ClassDescriptor&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;addPrimaryKeyFieldName&lt;/code&gt; API.

:[[Java Persistence/Hibernate|Hibernate]] / [[Java Persistence/Open JPA|Open JPA]] / [[Java Persistence/EclipseLink|EclipseLink]] (as of 1.2): Allows the &lt;code&gt;@Id&lt;/code&gt; annotation to be used on a &lt;code&gt;OneToOne&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;ManyToOne&lt;/code&gt; mapping.

====Example OneToOne id annotation====
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;java&quot;&gt;
...
@Entity
public class Address {
    @Id
    @Column(name=&quot;OWNER_ID&quot;)
    private long ownerId;
    
    @OneToOne
    @PrimaryKeyJoinColumn(name=&quot;OWNER_ID&quot;, referencedColumnName=&quot;EMP_ID&quot;)
    private Employee owner;
    ...
    
    public void setOwner(Employee owner) {
        this.owner = owner;
        this.ownerId = owner.getId();
    }
    ...
}
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

====Example OneToOne id XML====
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;xml&quot;&gt;
&lt;entity class=&quot;org.acme.Address&quot;&gt;
    &lt;attributes&gt;
        &lt;id name=&quot;ownerId&quot;&gt;
            &lt;column name=&quot;OWNER_ID&quot;/&gt;
        &lt;/id&gt;
        &lt;one-to-one name=&quot;owner&quot;&gt;
            &lt;primary-key-join-column name=&quot;OWNER_ID&quot; referencedColumnName=&quot;EMP_ID&quot;/&gt;
        &lt;/one-to-one&gt;
    &lt;/attributes&gt;
&lt;entity/&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

====Example ManyToOne id annotation====
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;java&quot;&gt;
...
@Entity
@IdClass(PhonePK.class)
public class Phone {
    @Id
    @Column(name=&quot;OWNER_ID&quot;)
    private long ownerId;

    @Id
    private String type;
    
    @ManyToOne
    @PrimaryKeyJoinColumn(name=&quot;OWNER_ID&quot;, referencedColumnName=&quot;EMP_ID&quot;)
    private Employee owner;
    ...
    
    public void setOwner(Employee owner) {
        this.owner = owner;
        this.ownerId = owner.getId();
    }
    ...
}
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

====Example ManyToOne id XML====
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;xml&quot;&gt;
&lt;entity class=&quot;org.acme.Phone&quot;&gt;
    &lt;id-class class=&quot;org.acme.PhonePK&quot;/&gt;
    &lt;attributes&gt;
        &lt;id name=&quot;ownerId&quot;&gt;
            &lt;column name=&quot;OWNER_ID&quot;/&gt;
        &lt;/id&gt;
        &lt;id name=&quot;type&quot;/&gt;
        &lt;many-to-one name=&quot;owner&quot;&gt;
            &lt;primary-key-join-column name=&quot;OWNER_ID&quot; referencedColumnName=&quot;EMP_ID&quot;/&gt;
        &lt;/many-to-one&gt;
    &lt;/attributes&gt;
&lt;/entity&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

===JPA 2.0===
Defining an &lt;code&gt;Id&lt;/code&gt; for a &lt;code&gt;OneToOne&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;ManyToOne&lt;/code&gt; in JPA 2.0 is much simpler.  The &lt;code&gt;@Id&lt;/code&gt; annotation or &lt;code&gt;id&lt;/code&gt; XML attribute can be added to a &lt;code&gt;OneToOne&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;ManyToOne&lt;/code&gt; mapping.  The &lt;code&gt;Id&lt;/code&gt; used for the object will be derived from the target object's &lt;code&gt;Id&lt;/code&gt;.  If the &lt;code&gt;Id&lt;/code&gt; is a single value, then the source object's &lt;code&gt;Id&lt;/code&gt; is the same as the target object's &lt;code&gt;Id&lt;/code&gt;.  If it is a composite &lt;code&gt;Id&lt;/code&gt;, then the &lt;code&gt;IdClass&lt;/code&gt; will contain the &lt;code&gt;Basic&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;Id&lt;/code&gt; attributes, and the target object's &lt;code&gt;Id&lt;/code&gt; as the relationship value.  If the target object also has a composite &lt;code&gt;Id&lt;/code&gt;, then the source object's &lt;code&gt;IdClass&lt;/code&gt; will contain the target object's &lt;code&gt;IdClass&lt;/code&gt;.

====Example JPA 2.0 ManyToOne id annotation====
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;java&quot;&gt;
...
@Entity
@IdClass(PhonePK.class)
public class Phone {

    @Id
    private String type;
    
    @ManyToOne
    @Id
    @JoinColumn(name=&quot;OWNER_ID&quot;, referencedColumnName=&quot;EMP_ID&quot;)
    private Employee owner;
    ...//getters and setters
}
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

====Example JPA 2.0 ManyToOne id XML====
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;xml&quot;&gt;
&lt;entity class=&quot;org.acme.Address&quot;&gt;
    &lt;id-class class=&quot;org.acme.PhonePK&quot;/&gt;
    &lt;attributes&gt;
        &lt;id name=&quot;type&quot;/&gt;
        &lt;many-to-one name=&quot;owner&quot; id=&quot;true&quot;&gt;
            &lt;join-column name=&quot;OWNER_ID&quot; referencedColumnName=&quot;EMP_ID&quot;/&gt;
        &lt;/many-to-one&gt;
    &lt;/attributes&gt;
&lt;entity/&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

====Example JPA 2.0 id class====
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;java&quot;&gt;
...
public class PhonePK implements Serializable {
    private String type;
    private long owner;
    
    public PhonePK() {}

    public PhonePK(String type, long owner) {
        this.type = type;
        this.owner = owner;
    }

    public boolean equals(Object object) {
        if (object instanceof PhonePK) {
            PhonePK pk = (PhonePK)object;
            return type.equals(pk.type) &amp;&amp; owner == pk.owner;
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    }

    public int hashCode() {
        return (int)(type.hashCode() + owner);
    }
 
    //getter and setters with names matching the properties with many-to-one relationships
}
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

==Advanced Sequencing==

====Concurrency and Deadlocks====
One issue with table sequencing is that the sequence table can become a concurrency bottleneck, even causing deadlocks.  If the sequence ids are allocated in the same transaction as the insert, this can cause poor concurrency, as the sequence row will be locked for the duration of the transaction, preventing any other transaction that needs to allocate a sequence id.  In some cases the entire sequence table or the table page could be locked causing even transactions allocating other sequences to wait or even deadlock.  If a large sequence pre-allocation size is used this becomes less of an issue, because the sequence table is rarely accessed.  Some JPA providers use a separate (non-JTA) connection to allocate the sequence ids in, avoiding or limiting this issue.  In this case, if you use a JTA data-source connection, it is important to also include a non-JTA data-source connection in your persistence.xml.

====Guaranteeing Sequential Ids====
Table sequencing also allows for truly sequential ids to be allocated.  Sequence and identity sequencing are non-transactional and typically cache values on the database, leading to large gaps in the ids that are allocated.  Typically this is not an issue and desired to have good performance, however if performance and concurrency are less of a concern, and true sequential ids are desired then a table sequence can be used.  By setting the &lt;code&gt;allocationSize&lt;/code&gt; of the sequence to 1 and ensuring the sequence ids are allocated in the same transaction of the insert, you can guarantee sequence ids without gaps (but generally it is much better to live with the gaps and have good performance).

===Running Out of Numbers===
One paranoid delusional fear that programmers frequently have is running out of sequence numbers.  Since most sequence strategies just keep incrementing a number it is unavoidable that you will eventually run out.  However as long a large enough numeric precision is used to store the sequence id this is not an issue.  For example if you stored your id in a NUMBER(5) column, this would allow 99,999 different ids, which on most systems would eventually run out.  However if you store your id in a NUMBER(10) column, which is more typical, this would store 9,999,999,999 ids, or one id each second for about 300 years (longer than most databases exist).  But perhaps your system will process a lot of data, and (hopefully) be around a very long time.  If you store your id in a NUMBER(20) this would be 99,999,999,999,999,999,999 ids, or one id each millisecond for about 3,000,000,000 years, which is pretty safe.

But you also need to store this id in Java.  If you store the id in a Java int, this would be a 32 bit number , which is 4,294,967,296 different ids (well actually 2,147,483,648 positive ids), or one id each second for about 100 years.  If you instead use a long, this would be a 64 bit number, which is 9,223,372,036,854,775,808 different ids, or one id each millisecond for about 300,000,000 years, which is pretty safe.  I would recommend using a long vs an int however, as I have seen int ids run out on large databases before (what happens is they become negative until they wrap around to 0 and start getting constraint errors).

=== Customizing ===
JPA supports three different strategies for generating ids, however there are many other methods.  Normally the JPA strategies are sufficient, so you would only use a different method in a legacy situation.

Sometimes the application has an application specific strategy for generating ids, such as prefixing ids with the country code, or branch number.  There are several ways to integrate a customize ids generation strategy, the simplest is just define the id as a normal id and have the application assign the id value when the object is created.

Some JPA products provide additional sequencing and id generation options, and configuration hooks.

:[[Java Persistence/TopLink|TopLink]], [[Java Persistence/EclipseLink|EclipseLink]] : Several additional sequencing options are provided.  A &lt;code&gt;UnaryTableSequence&lt;/code&gt; allows a single column table to be used.  A &lt;code&gt;QuerySequence&lt;/code&gt; allows for custom SQL or stored procedures to be used.  An API also exists to allow a user to supply their own code for allocating ids.

:[[Java Persistence/Hibernate|Hibernate]] : A GUID id generation options is provided through the &lt;code&gt;@GenericGenerator&lt;/code&gt; annotation.

==Primary Keys through Triggers==
A database table can be defined to have a trigger that automatically assign its' primary key.  Generally this is normally not a good idea (although some DBAs may think it is), and it is better to use a JPA provider generated sequence id, or assign the id in the application.  The main issue with the id being assigned in a trigger is that the application and object require this value back.  For non-primary key values assigned through triggers it is possible to refresh the object after committing or flushing the object to obtain the values back.  However this is not possible for the id, as the id is required to refresh an object.

If you have an alternative way to select the id generated by the trigger, such as selecting the object's row using another unique field, you could issue this &lt;code&gt;SQL&lt;/code&gt; select after the insert to obtain the id and set it back in the object.  You could perform this select in a JPA [https://java.sun.com/javaee/5/docs/api/javax/persistence/PostPersist.html &lt;code&gt;@PostPersist&lt;/code&gt;] event.  Some JPA providers may not allow/like a query execution during an event, they also may not pick up a change to an object during an event callback, so there may be issues with doing this.  Also some JPA providers may not allow the primary key to be un-assigned/null when not using a &lt;code&gt;GeneratedValue&lt;/code&gt;, so you may have issues.  Some JPA providers have built-in support for returning values assigned in a trigger (or stored procedure) back into the object.

: [[Java Persistence/TopLink|TopLink]] / [[Java Persistence/EclipseLink|EclipseLink]] : Provide a &lt;code&gt;ReturningPolicy&lt;/code&gt; that allows for any field values including the primary key to be returned from the database after an insert or update.  This is defined through the &lt;code&gt;@ReturnInsert&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;@ReturnUpdate&lt;/code&gt; annotations, or the &lt;code&gt;&lt;return-insert&gt;&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;&lt;return-update&gt;&lt;/code&gt; XML elements in the eclipselink-orm.xml.

==Primary Keys through Events==
If the application generates its own id instead of using a JPA &lt;code&gt;GeneratedValue&lt;/code&gt;, it is sometimes desirable to perform this id generation in a JPA event, instead of the application code having to generate and set the id.  In JPA this can be done through the [https://java.sun.com/javaee/5/docs/api/javax/persistence/PrePersist.html &lt;code&gt;@PrePersist&lt;/code&gt;] event.

==No Primary Key==
Sometimes your object or table has no primary key.  The best solution in this case is normally to add a generated id to the object and table.  If you do not have this option, sometimes there is a column or set of columns in the table that make up a unique value.  You can use this unique set of columns as your id in JPA.  The JPA &lt;code&gt;Id&lt;/code&gt; does not always have to match the database table primary key constraint, nor is a primary key or a unique constraint required.

If your table truly has no unique columns, then use all of the columns as the id.  Typically when this occurs the data is read-only, so even if the table allows duplicate rows with the same values, the objects will be the same anyway, so it does not matter that JPA thinks they are the same object.  The issue with allowing updates and deletes is that there is no way to uniquely identify the object's row, so all of the matching rows will be updated or deleted.

If your object does not have an id, but its table does, this is fine.  Make the object an &lt;code&gt;Embeddable&lt;/code&gt; object, embeddable objects do not have ids.  You will need a &lt;code&gt;Entity&lt;/code&gt; that contains this &lt;code&gt;Embeddable&lt;/code&gt; to persist and query it.

{{BookCat}}
[[{{BOOKCATEGORY}}/Mapping|{{BOOKSORTKEY}}]]</text>
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        <id>134830</id>
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      <comment>/* CU Request */ Reply</comment>
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== Wanjigires reported by MathXplore ==

* {{userlinks|Wanjigires}}

Link spam, [[Special:AbuseLog/316338]] &lt;!-- USERREPORTED:/Wanjigires/ --&gt; [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 04:22, 24 October 2026 (UTC)
== Hoquangvinh70 reported by MathsScienceNerd1 ==

* {{userlinks|Hoquangvinh70}}

Link spam, see userpage &lt;!-- USERREPORTED:/Hoquangvinh70/ --&gt; [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 12:44, 24 October 2026 (UTC)

== Help ==

I need help with the contributions of user [[User:Ԛѣуех|Ԛѣуех]]. I initially rollbacked the edits because it was vandalism, which I later reverted, because it was a misclick. Though, looking at the diff, it looks as if it was vandalism, so I reverted my edit. Could a moderator please check if it was vandalism/ test edit, because I am not too sure. [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 04:19, 25 October 2026 (UTC)
== ~2026-57615-63 reported by MathXplore ==

* {{anonlinks|~2026-57615-63}}

vandalism &lt;!-- USERREPORTED:/~2026-57615-63/ --&gt; [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:46, 28 October 2026 (UTC)

:{{done}} ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 23:21, 28 October 2026 (UTC)
== Ruchichuahan reported by MathsScienceNerd1 ==

* {{userlinks|Ruchichuahan}}

Advertisement, spam &lt;!-- USERREPORTED:/Ruchichuahan/ --&gt; [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 07:28, 29 October 2026 (UTC)

:{{done}} ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 14:05, 29 October 2026 (UTC)
== BoiaBoiaMans reported by Morkoz ==
* {{userlinks|BoiaBoiaMans}}

Long-term abuse. &lt;!-- USERREPORTED:/BoiaBoiaMans/ --&gt; [[User:Morkoz|Morkoz]] ([[User talk:Morkoz|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Morkoz|contribs]]) 19:23, 1 November 2026 (UTC)

:{{done|Globally locked}} —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 20:08, 2 November 2026 (UTC)

== CU Request ==
@[[User:MarcGarver|MarcGarver]] can I get a CU on the following, who are mass-creating pages with thematic overlap?
&lt;div style=&quot;column-count: 3&quot;&gt;
* [[User:Ruby Rupshikha Meher/sandbox]]
* [[User:KushKumar46/sandbox]]
* [[User:Surajshinde2005/sandbox]]
* [[User:Tangirala Pavan kumar reddy/sandbox]]
* [[User:D542006P/sandbox/Time Division Multiplexing]]
* [[User:Apsohal/sandbox]]
* [[User:Gang tribute/sandbox]]
* [[User:Shoobisediting/sandbox]]
* [[User:Anandu SN/sandbox]]
* [[User:YubiIsthere/sandbox]]
* [[User:Raginikumari123/sandbox]]
* [[User:Sandeep912133/sandbox]]
* [[User:SandeepLPU/sandbox]]
* [[User:Bodepalli reddy/sandbox]]
* [[User:Badepalli praveen kumar reddy/sandbox]]
* [[User:Eren Reddy/sandbox]]
* [[User:Hayan R/sandbox]]
* [[User:Abhi9441/sandbox]]
* [[User:Dhillonnn/sandbox]]
* [[User:Ritwik2418/sandbox]]
* [[User:Akshgoel/sandbox]]
* [[User:Shubham1240/sandbox]]
* [[User:Cornor-02/sandbox]]
* [[User:Dhanush0715/sandbox]]
* [[User:Bojja Mahesh Yadav/sandbox]]
* [[User:KashyavPradhan07/sandbox]]
* [[User:Sarabjitlpu/sandbox]]
* [[User:AmeenSharaf007/sandbox]]
* [[User:QuillNova/sandbox]]
* [[User:Avishkar pathak/sandbox]]
* [[User:Reyansh68/sandbox2]]
* [[User:Bojja Mahesh Yadav/sandbox/Introduction]]
* [[User:PushpenderSingh369/sandbox/ArUco Markers]]
* [[User:Atharv Karande]]
* [[User:Bojja Mahesh Yadav/sandbox/1.4 Objectives of the Study]]
* [[User:Wikilalithbook/sandbox]]
* [[User:Aditya31Raj/sandbox]]
* [[User:Deepakdasari09/sandbox]]
* [[User:Ronak0830/sandbox]]
* [[User:Chand2006/sandbox]]
* [[User:Parmindersingh0830/sandbox]]
* [[User:Sonupandit2580/sandbox]]
* [[User:Thanuj1212/Power Electronics in Electric Vehicles]]&lt;/div&gt;

Thank you! —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 19:47, 3 November 2026 (UTC)

:I have assumed it is a school or educational project, but I will take a closer look. [[User:MarcGarver|MarcGarver]] ([[User talk:MarcGarver|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MarcGarver|contribs]]) 12:15, 4 November 2026 (UTC)

== Report concerning [[Special:Contribs/~2026-58721-39|~2026-58721-39]] ==
Vandalism, removing content from pages. [[User:Veritas Sapientiae|Veritas Sapientiae]] ([[User talk:Veritas Sapientiae|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Veritas Sapientiae|contribs]]) 08:13, 4 November 2026 (UTC)</text>
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      <contributor>
        <username>MarcGarver</username>
        <id>134830</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* CU Request */ Reply</comment>
      <origin>4679942</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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== Wanjigires reported by MathXplore ==

* {{userlinks|Wanjigires}}

Link spam, [[Special:AbuseLog/316338]] &lt;!-- USERREPORTED:/Wanjigires/ --&gt; [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 04:22, 24 October 2026 (UTC)
== Hoquangvinh70 reported by MathsScienceNerd1 ==

* {{userlinks|Hoquangvinh70}}

Link spam, see userpage &lt;!-- USERREPORTED:/Hoquangvinh70/ --&gt; [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 12:44, 24 October 2026 (UTC)

== Help ==

I need help with the contributions of user [[User:Ԛѣуех|Ԛѣуех]]. I initially rollbacked the edits because it was vandalism, which I later reverted, because it was a misclick. Though, looking at the diff, it looks as if it was vandalism, so I reverted my edit. Could a moderator please check if it was vandalism/ test edit, because I am not too sure. [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 04:19, 25 October 2026 (UTC)
== ~2026-57615-63 reported by MathXplore ==

* {{anonlinks|~2026-57615-63}}

vandalism &lt;!-- USERREPORTED:/~2026-57615-63/ --&gt; [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:46, 28 October 2026 (UTC)

:{{done}} ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 23:21, 28 October 2026 (UTC)
== Ruchichuahan reported by MathsScienceNerd1 ==

* {{userlinks|Ruchichuahan}}

Advertisement, spam &lt;!-- USERREPORTED:/Ruchichuahan/ --&gt; [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 07:28, 29 October 2026 (UTC)

:{{done}} ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 14:05, 29 October 2026 (UTC)
== BoiaBoiaMans reported by Morkoz ==
* {{userlinks|BoiaBoiaMans}}

Long-term abuse. &lt;!-- USERREPORTED:/BoiaBoiaMans/ --&gt; [[User:Morkoz|Morkoz]] ([[User talk:Morkoz|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Morkoz|contribs]]) 19:23, 1 November 2026 (UTC)

:{{done|Globally locked}} —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 20:08, 2 November 2026 (UTC)

== CU Request ==
@[[User:MarcGarver|MarcGarver]] can I get a CU on the following, who are mass-creating pages with thematic overlap?
&lt;div style=&quot;column-count: 3&quot;&gt;
* [[User:Ruby Rupshikha Meher/sandbox]]
* [[User:KushKumar46/sandbox]]
* [[User:Surajshinde2005/sandbox]]
* [[User:Tangirala Pavan kumar reddy/sandbox]]
* [[User:D542006P/sandbox/Time Division Multiplexing]]
* [[User:Apsohal/sandbox]]
* [[User:Gang tribute/sandbox]]
* [[User:Shoobisediting/sandbox]]
* [[User:Anandu SN/sandbox]]
* [[User:YubiIsthere/sandbox]]
* [[User:Raginikumari123/sandbox]]
* [[User:Sandeep912133/sandbox]]
* [[User:SandeepLPU/sandbox]]
* [[User:Bodepalli reddy/sandbox]]
* [[User:Badepalli praveen kumar reddy/sandbox]]
* [[User:Eren Reddy/sandbox]]
* [[User:Hayan R/sandbox]]
* [[User:Abhi9441/sandbox]]
* [[User:Dhillonnn/sandbox]]
* [[User:Ritwik2418/sandbox]]
* [[User:Akshgoel/sandbox]]
* [[User:Shubham1240/sandbox]]
* [[User:Cornor-02/sandbox]]
* [[User:Dhanush0715/sandbox]]
* [[User:Bojja Mahesh Yadav/sandbox]]
* [[User:KashyavPradhan07/sandbox]]
* [[User:Sarabjitlpu/sandbox]]
* [[User:AmeenSharaf007/sandbox]]
* [[User:QuillNova/sandbox]]
* [[User:Avishkar pathak/sandbox]]
* [[User:Reyansh68/sandbox2]]
* [[User:Bojja Mahesh Yadav/sandbox/Introduction]]
* [[User:PushpenderSingh369/sandbox/ArUco Markers]]
* [[User:Atharv Karande]]
* [[User:Bojja Mahesh Yadav/sandbox/1.4 Objectives of the Study]]
* [[User:Wikilalithbook/sandbox]]
* [[User:Aditya31Raj/sandbox]]
* [[User:Deepakdasari09/sandbox]]
* [[User:Ronak0830/sandbox]]
* [[User:Chand2006/sandbox]]
* [[User:Parmindersingh0830/sandbox]]
* [[User:Sonupandit2580/sandbox]]
* [[User:Thanuj1212/Power Electronics in Electric Vehicles]]&lt;/div&gt;

Thank you! —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 19:47, 3 November 2026 (UTC)

:I have assumed it is a school or educational project, but I will take a closer look. [[User:MarcGarver|MarcGarver]] ([[User talk:MarcGarver|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MarcGarver|contribs]]) 12:15, 4 November 2026 (UTC)
:The accounts appear to be related, but not closely enough to be socks. I suspect they are students editing from the same institution on a range of devices. The main issue here seems to be the use of LLMs to create garbage that might then get pasted into a book. Unfortunately it is difficult to communicate with a large group like this. Usually their teacher also creates an account, but I haven't been able to identify one. [[User:MarcGarver|MarcGarver]] ([[User talk:MarcGarver|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MarcGarver|contribs]]) 12:21, 4 November 2026 (UTC)

== Report concerning [[Special:Contribs/~2026-58721-39|~2026-58721-39]] ==
Vandalism, removing content from pages. [[User:Veritas Sapientiae|Veritas Sapientiae]] ([[User talk:Veritas Sapientiae|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Veritas Sapientiae|contribs]]) 08:13, 4 November 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>lixelzeaw73qobjx3o6d9b9gw8ojwo3</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679955</id>
      <parentid>4679942</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-04T14:04:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Koavf</username>
        <id>16549</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Report concerning ~2026-58721-39 */ Reply</comment>
      <origin>4679955</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6155" sha1="m4vok857bufvnweomlqdkn04cl6jq33" xml:space="preserve">{{/Header}} {{User:MiszaBot/config
|archive = Wikibooks:Reading room/Administrative Assistance/Archives/%(year)d/%(monthname)s
|algo = old(14d)
|counter = 1
|minthreadstoarchive = 1
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== Wanjigires reported by MathXplore ==

* {{userlinks|Wanjigires}}

Link spam, [[Special:AbuseLog/316338]] &lt;!-- USERREPORTED:/Wanjigires/ --&gt; [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 04:22, 24 October 2026 (UTC)
== Hoquangvinh70 reported by MathsScienceNerd1 ==

* {{userlinks|Hoquangvinh70}}

Link spam, see userpage &lt;!-- USERREPORTED:/Hoquangvinh70/ --&gt; [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 12:44, 24 October 2026 (UTC)

== Help ==

I need help with the contributions of user [[User:Ԛѣуех|Ԛѣуех]]. I initially rollbacked the edits because it was vandalism, which I later reverted, because it was a misclick. Though, looking at the diff, it looks as if it was vandalism, so I reverted my edit. Could a moderator please check if it was vandalism/ test edit, because I am not too sure. [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 04:19, 25 October 2026 (UTC)
== ~2026-57615-63 reported by MathXplore ==

* {{anonlinks|~2026-57615-63}}

vandalism &lt;!-- USERREPORTED:/~2026-57615-63/ --&gt; [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:46, 28 October 2026 (UTC)

:{{done}} ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 23:21, 28 October 2026 (UTC)
== Ruchichuahan reported by MathsScienceNerd1 ==

* {{userlinks|Ruchichuahan}}

Advertisement, spam &lt;!-- USERREPORTED:/Ruchichuahan/ --&gt; [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 07:28, 29 October 2026 (UTC)

:{{done}} ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 14:05, 29 October 2026 (UTC)
== BoiaBoiaMans reported by Morkoz ==
* {{userlinks|BoiaBoiaMans}}

Long-term abuse. &lt;!-- USERREPORTED:/BoiaBoiaMans/ --&gt; [[User:Morkoz|Morkoz]] ([[User talk:Morkoz|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Morkoz|contribs]]) 19:23, 1 November 2026 (UTC)

:{{done|Globally locked}} —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 20:08, 2 November 2026 (UTC)

== CU Request ==
@[[User:MarcGarver|MarcGarver]] can I get a CU on the following, who are mass-creating pages with thematic overlap?
&lt;div style=&quot;column-count: 3&quot;&gt;
* [[User:Ruby Rupshikha Meher/sandbox]]
* [[User:KushKumar46/sandbox]]
* [[User:Surajshinde2005/sandbox]]
* [[User:Tangirala Pavan kumar reddy/sandbox]]
* [[User:D542006P/sandbox/Time Division Multiplexing]]
* [[User:Apsohal/sandbox]]
* [[User:Gang tribute/sandbox]]
* [[User:Shoobisediting/sandbox]]
* [[User:Anandu SN/sandbox]]
* [[User:YubiIsthere/sandbox]]
* [[User:Raginikumari123/sandbox]]
* [[User:Sandeep912133/sandbox]]
* [[User:SandeepLPU/sandbox]]
* [[User:Bodepalli reddy/sandbox]]
* [[User:Badepalli praveen kumar reddy/sandbox]]
* [[User:Eren Reddy/sandbox]]
* [[User:Hayan R/sandbox]]
* [[User:Abhi9441/sandbox]]
* [[User:Dhillonnn/sandbox]]
* [[User:Ritwik2418/sandbox]]
* [[User:Akshgoel/sandbox]]
* [[User:Shubham1240/sandbox]]
* [[User:Cornor-02/sandbox]]
* [[User:Dhanush0715/sandbox]]
* [[User:Bojja Mahesh Yadav/sandbox]]
* [[User:KashyavPradhan07/sandbox]]
* [[User:Sarabjitlpu/sandbox]]
* [[User:AmeenSharaf007/sandbox]]
* [[User:QuillNova/sandbox]]
* [[User:Avishkar pathak/sandbox]]
* [[User:Reyansh68/sandbox2]]
* [[User:Bojja Mahesh Yadav/sandbox/Introduction]]
* [[User:PushpenderSingh369/sandbox/ArUco Markers]]
* [[User:Atharv Karande]]
* [[User:Bojja Mahesh Yadav/sandbox/1.4 Objectives of the Study]]
* [[User:Wikilalithbook/sandbox]]
* [[User:Aditya31Raj/sandbox]]
* [[User:Deepakdasari09/sandbox]]
* [[User:Ronak0830/sandbox]]
* [[User:Chand2006/sandbox]]
* [[User:Parmindersingh0830/sandbox]]
* [[User:Sonupandit2580/sandbox]]
* [[User:Thanuj1212/Power Electronics in Electric Vehicles]]&lt;/div&gt;

Thank you! —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 19:47, 3 November 2026 (UTC)

:I have assumed it is a school or educational project, but I will take a closer look. [[User:MarcGarver|MarcGarver]] ([[User talk:MarcGarver|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MarcGarver|contribs]]) 12:15, 4 November 2026 (UTC)
:The accounts appear to be related, but not closely enough to be socks. I suspect they are students editing from the same institution on a range of devices. The main issue here seems to be the use of LLMs to create garbage that might then get pasted into a book. Unfortunately it is difficult to communicate with a large group like this. Usually their teacher also creates an account, but I haven't been able to identify one. [[User:MarcGarver|MarcGarver]] ([[User talk:MarcGarver|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MarcGarver|contribs]]) 12:21, 4 November 2026 (UTC)

== Report concerning [[Special:Contribs/~2026-58721-39|~2026-58721-39]] ==
Vandalism, removing content from pages. [[User:Veritas Sapientiae|Veritas Sapientiae]] ([[User talk:Veritas Sapientiae|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Veritas Sapientiae|contribs]]) 08:13, 4 November 2026 (UTC)

:{{done}} ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 14:04, 4 November 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>m4vok857bufvnweomlqdkn04cl6jq33</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4680054</id>
      <parentid>4679955</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-04T20:01:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kittycataclysm</username>
        <id>3371989</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* CU Request */ Reply</comment>
      <origin>4680054</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6811" sha1="0y5in1g20kgnb65xesp6soi29kx13ie" xml:space="preserve">{{/Header}} {{User:MiszaBot/config
|archive = Wikibooks:Reading room/Administrative Assistance/Archives/%(year)d/%(monthname)s
|algo = old(14d)
|counter = 1
|minthreadstoarchive = 1
|minthreadsleft = 1
}}

== Wanjigires reported by MathXplore ==

* {{userlinks|Wanjigires}}

Link spam, [[Special:AbuseLog/316338]] &lt;!-- USERREPORTED:/Wanjigires/ --&gt; [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 04:22, 24 October 2026 (UTC)
== Hoquangvinh70 reported by MathsScienceNerd1 ==

* {{userlinks|Hoquangvinh70}}

Link spam, see userpage &lt;!-- USERREPORTED:/Hoquangvinh70/ --&gt; [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 12:44, 24 October 2026 (UTC)

== Help ==

I need help with the contributions of user [[User:Ԛѣуех|Ԛѣуех]]. I initially rollbacked the edits because it was vandalism, which I later reverted, because it was a misclick. Though, looking at the diff, it looks as if it was vandalism, so I reverted my edit. Could a moderator please check if it was vandalism/ test edit, because I am not too sure. [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 04:19, 25 October 2026 (UTC)
== ~2026-57615-63 reported by MathXplore ==

* {{anonlinks|~2026-57615-63}}

vandalism &lt;!-- USERREPORTED:/~2026-57615-63/ --&gt; [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:46, 28 October 2026 (UTC)

:{{done}} ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 23:21, 28 October 2026 (UTC)
== Ruchichuahan reported by MathsScienceNerd1 ==

* {{userlinks|Ruchichuahan}}

Advertisement, spam &lt;!-- USERREPORTED:/Ruchichuahan/ --&gt; [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 07:28, 29 October 2026 (UTC)

:{{done}} ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 14:05, 29 October 2026 (UTC)
== BoiaBoiaMans reported by Morkoz ==
* {{userlinks|BoiaBoiaMans}}

Long-term abuse. &lt;!-- USERREPORTED:/BoiaBoiaMans/ --&gt; [[User:Morkoz|Morkoz]] ([[User talk:Morkoz|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Morkoz|contribs]]) 19:23, 1 November 2026 (UTC)

:{{done|Globally locked}} —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 20:08, 2 November 2026 (UTC)

== CU Request ==
@[[User:MarcGarver|MarcGarver]] can I get a CU on the following, who are mass-creating pages with thematic overlap?
&lt;div style=&quot;column-count: 3&quot;&gt;
* [[User:Ruby Rupshikha Meher/sandbox]]
* [[User:KushKumar46/sandbox]]
* [[User:Surajshinde2005/sandbox]]
* [[User:Tangirala Pavan kumar reddy/sandbox]]
* [[User:D542006P/sandbox/Time Division Multiplexing]]
* [[User:Apsohal/sandbox]]
* [[User:Gang tribute/sandbox]]
* [[User:Shoobisediting/sandbox]]
* [[User:Anandu SN/sandbox]]
* [[User:YubiIsthere/sandbox]]
* [[User:Raginikumari123/sandbox]]
* [[User:Sandeep912133/sandbox]]
* [[User:SandeepLPU/sandbox]]
* [[User:Bodepalli reddy/sandbox]]
* [[User:Badepalli praveen kumar reddy/sandbox]]
* [[User:Eren Reddy/sandbox]]
* [[User:Hayan R/sandbox]]
* [[User:Abhi9441/sandbox]]
* [[User:Dhillonnn/sandbox]]
* [[User:Ritwik2418/sandbox]]
* [[User:Akshgoel/sandbox]]
* [[User:Shubham1240/sandbox]]
* [[User:Cornor-02/sandbox]]
* [[User:Dhanush0715/sandbox]]
* [[User:Bojja Mahesh Yadav/sandbox]]
* [[User:KashyavPradhan07/sandbox]]
* [[User:Sarabjitlpu/sandbox]]
* [[User:AmeenSharaf007/sandbox]]
* [[User:QuillNova/sandbox]]
* [[User:Avishkar pathak/sandbox]]
* [[User:Reyansh68/sandbox2]]
* [[User:Bojja Mahesh Yadav/sandbox/Introduction]]
* [[User:PushpenderSingh369/sandbox/ArUco Markers]]
* [[User:Atharv Karande]]
* [[User:Bojja Mahesh Yadav/sandbox/1.4 Objectives of the Study]]
* [[User:Wikilalithbook/sandbox]]
* [[User:Aditya31Raj/sandbox]]
* [[User:Deepakdasari09/sandbox]]
* [[User:Ronak0830/sandbox]]
* [[User:Chand2006/sandbox]]
* [[User:Parmindersingh0830/sandbox]]
* [[User:Sonupandit2580/sandbox]]
* [[User:Thanuj1212/Power Electronics in Electric Vehicles]]&lt;/div&gt;

Thank you! —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 19:47, 3 November 2026 (UTC)

:I have assumed it is a school or educational project, but I will take a closer look. [[User:MarcGarver|MarcGarver]] ([[User talk:MarcGarver|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MarcGarver|contribs]]) 12:15, 4 November 2026 (UTC)
:The accounts appear to be related, but not closely enough to be socks. I suspect they are students editing from the same institution on a range of devices. The main issue here seems to be the use of LLMs to create garbage that might then get pasted into a book. Unfortunately it is difficult to communicate with a large group like this. Usually their teacher also creates an account, but I haven't been able to identify one. [[User:MarcGarver|MarcGarver]] ([[User talk:MarcGarver|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MarcGarver|contribs]]) 12:21, 4 November 2026 (UTC)
::Thank you for checking! I was also suspecting something similar, and the mass low-quality content addition isn't great. I've mentioned this elsewhere on wiki, but I've noticed accounts taking advantage of the fact that we're more lenient about sandbox content as a loophole to protect against genAI content deletion. I'm inclined to enforce the AI content ban in sandboxes too, since it can't exactly become &quot;un-generated&quot; by AI, and it would be problematic for it to wind up in mainspace. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 20:01, 4 November 2026 (UTC)

== Report concerning [[Special:Contribs/~2026-58721-39|~2026-58721-39]] ==
Vandalism, removing content from pages. [[User:Veritas Sapientiae|Veritas Sapientiae]] ([[User talk:Veritas Sapientiae|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Veritas Sapientiae|contribs]]) 08:13, 4 November 2026 (UTC)

:{{done}} ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 14:04, 4 November 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>0y5in1g20kgnb65xesp6soi29kx13ie</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Land Rover/VIN Codes</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>142029</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4680073</id>
      <parentid>4679934</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-04T22:47:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JustTheFacts33</username>
        <id>3434282</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Model Series/Trim Level/GVWR */</comment>
      <origin>4680073</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="66387" sha1="1evv82xcualiq9dfh9u6sz1u03ez4jm" xml:space="preserve">{{Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Warning}}{{clear}}
From 1948 to the early eighties, Land Rover used for their cars chassis numbers of their own format. These formats are described in the table below. Since 1980 Land Rover deploys the standard 17-character Vehicle Identification Number ('''VIN'''), complying with international standards. 

Car details can be derived (decoded, calculated) from the chassis numbers and the VIN. Typically, the model (Defender, Discovery, Range Rover, Freelander), model type (station wagon, three/four door, etc), wheelbase (90 inch, 100 inch, 110 inch, etc.), engine, LHD/RHD, gearbox, and model year is included in the VIN. 

===Chassis number formats over the years===
&lt;table&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Description&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Format&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;17-characters, International VIN, 1980-later&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;SAL..............&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;17-characters, Int. VIN for LR do Brazil  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;93R..............&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;17-characters, Int. VIN for AAD, 1985-1995 &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;AAD..............&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;17-characters, US/Canada VIN, 1987-later  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;SAL.................&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;17-characters, Brazil VIN for JLR Brazil, 2016-later  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;99J.................&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;14-characters: is actually the 17-char&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;VIN missing the SAL bit&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;9-character numbers, 1955      &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;17.6.....&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;9-character numbers, 1956 to 1961  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;1........&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;9-character numbers, 1950      &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;L........ or R........&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;9-character numbers, 1962 to 1979  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;.........&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;8-character numbers, 1948 to 1949  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;.8......&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;8-character numbers, 1950 to 1953  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;.6......&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;8-character numbers, 1954 to 1955  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;.7......&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;7-character numbers, 1948 to 1949  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;.......&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;6-character numbers, ???? prototypes &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;110F..&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;3-character numbers, 1948 prototypes &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;R.. or L..&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

===Land Rover WMIs (1981-) (Position 1-3)===

* SAL - Land Rover (UK &amp; Europe)
* 99J - JLR Brazil
* L2C - Chery Jaguar Land Rover (China)

===Model Line===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 4
!VIN code
!Description
|-
|A
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery#Discovery 3 / LR3 (2004–2009)|Land Rover LR3]] ('05-'09)
|-
|A
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery#Discovery 4 / LR4 (2009–2016)|Land Rover LR4]] ('10-'16)
|-
|C
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery Sport|Land Rover Discovery Sport]] ('15-'26)
|-
|D
|[[w:Land Rover Defender#North American Specification (NAS) Defenders|Land Rover Defender]] ('93-'95, '97) 
|-
|E
|[[w:Land Rover Defender (L663)|Land Rover Defender (L663)]] ('20-)
|-
|F
|[[w:Land Rover Freelander#Freelander 2 (L359; 2006–2015)|Land Rover LR2]] ('08-'15)
|-
|G 
|[[w:Range Rover (L405)|Land Rover Range Rover (L405)]] (4th gen.) ('13-'22)
|-
|H 
|[[w:Range Rover Classic|Land Rover Range Rover/Range Rover Classic]] (1st gen.) ('87-'95)
|-
|J 
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery#First &amp; Second generation Discovery|Land Rover Discovery]] ('94-'98 &amp; '99 Discovery SD)
|-
|K 
|[[w:Range Rover (L460)|Land Rover Range Rover (L460)]] (5th gen.) (Mid '22-)
|-
|M 
|[[w:Range Rover (L322)|Land Rover Range Rover (L322)]] (3rd gen.) ('03-'12)
|-
|N
|[[w:Land Rover Freelander#Freelander in North America|Land Rover Freelander]] ('02-'05)
|-
|P 
|[[w:Range Rover (P38A)|Land Rover Range Rover (P38A)]] (2nd gen.) ('95-'02)
|-
|R
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery#Fifth generation Discovery (L462; 2017–present)|Land Rover Discovery]] ('17-)
|-
|S 
|[[w:Range Rover Sport#First generation (L320; 2005)|Land Rover Range Rover Sport]] (1st gen.) ('06-'13)
|-
|T 
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery#Discovery Series II (L318; 1998–2004)|Land Rover Discovery Series II]] ('99-'04)
|-
|V 
|[[w:Range Rover Evoque#First generation (L538; 2011)|Land Rover Range Rover Evoque]] (1st gen.) ('12-'19)
|-
|W 
|[[w:Range Rover Sport#Second generation (L494; 2013)|Land Rover Range Rover Sport]] (2nd gen.) ('14-'22)
|-
|Y 
|[[w:Range Rover Velar|Land Rover Range Rover Velar]] (1st gen.) ('18-)
|-
|Z 
|[[w:Range Rover Evoque#Second generation (L551; 2018)|Land Rover Range Rover Evoque]] (2nd gen.) ('20-)
|-
|1 
|[[w:Range Rover Sport#Third generation (L461; 2022)|Land Rover Range Rover Sport]] (3rd gen.) ('23-)
|-
|}

===Model Series/GVWR===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 5
!VIN code
!Series
!GVWR
|-
|V (following H)
|Range Rover 100&quot; wheelbase (1st gen.)
|Class E
|-
|E (following H)
|Range Rover 100&quot; wheelbase (CA emissions) (1st gen.) ('95)
|Class E
|-
|C (following H)
|Range Rover LWB 108&quot; wheelbase (1st gen.)
|Class E
|-
|F (following H)
|Range Rover LWB 108&quot; wheelbase (CA emissions) (1st gen.) ('95)
|Class E
|-
|H (following D)
|Defender 110 ('93)
|Class E
|-
|V (following D)
|Defender 90 ('94-'95, '97)
|Class E
|-
|X (following D)
|Defender 90 (CA emissions) ('95)
|Class E
|-
|Y (following J)
|Discovery ('94-'98 &amp; '99 Discovery SD)
|Class E
|-
|N (following J)
|Discovery (CA emissions) ('95-'96)
|Class E
|-
|Y (following T)
|Discovery Series II ('99-'00)
|Class E
|-
|V (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) ('95-'98)
|Class E
|-
|E (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) (CA emissions) ('95-'96)
|Class E
|-
|A (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) (GEMS engine management) (Early '99)
|Class E
|-
|V (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) (Bosch engine management) ('99-'00)
|Class E
|-
|C (following P)
|Range Rover 4.6 HSE Callaway Edition (2nd gen.) (Callaway-modified engine) ('99)
|Class E
|-
|}

===Model Series/Trim Level/GVWR 2001-2009===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 5
!VIN code
!Series
!GVWR
|-
|M (following N)
|Freelander S ('02-'03)
|Class C
|-
|Y (following N)
|Freelander SE ('02-'05), SE3 ('03-'05)
|Class C
|-
|E (following N)
|Freelander HSE ('02-'04)
|Class C
|-
|P (following F)
|LR2 SE ('08)
|Class D
|-
|S (following F)
|LR2 SE w/Technology Pkg. ('08)
|Class D
|-
|R (following F)
|LR2 HSE ('08-'09)
|Class D
|-
|T (following F)
|LR2 HSE w/Technology Pkg. ('08-'09)
|Class D
|-
|L (following T)
|Discovery Series II SD ('01-'02), S ('03-'04)
|Class E
|-
|K (following T)
|Discovery Series II SD7 ('01-'02), S7 ('03-'04)
|Class E
|-
|Y (following T)
|Discovery Series II SE ('01-'04)
|Class E
|-
|W (following T)
|Discovery Series II SE7 ('01-'04)
|Class E
|-
|H (following T)
|Discovery Series II LE ('01)
|Class E
|-
|J (following T)
|Discovery Series II LE7 ('01)
|Class E
|-
|P (following T)
|Discovery Series II HSE ('03-'04)
|Class E
|-
|R (following T)
|Discovery Series II HSE7 ('03-'04)
|Class E
|-
|A (following A)
|LR3 SE ('05)
|Class F
|-
|B (following A)
|LR3 base model w/2 rows of seats ('06, '09)
|Class F
|-
|C (following A)
|LR3 base model w/3 rows of seats ('06, '09)
|Class F
|-
|D (following A)
|LR3 SE w/2 rows of seats ('05-'07, Canada only: '08-'09)
|Class F
|-
|E (following A)
|LR3 SE w/3 rows of seats ('05-'08, Canada only: '09)
|Class F
|-
|F (following A)
|LR3 HSE w/2 rows of seats ('05, ['08 - Canada only], '09)
|Class F
|-
|G (following A)
|LR3 HSE w/3 rows of seats ('05-'09)
|Class F
|-
|H (following A)
|LR3 HSE Lux w/2 rows of seats ('09)
|Class F
|-
|K (following A)
|LR3 HSE Lux w/3 rows of seats ('09)
|Class F
|-
|D (following S)
|Range Rover Sport (Spec 1) ('06)
|Class E
|-
|F (following S)
|Range Rover Sport HSE ('06-'09)
|Class E
|-
|K (following S)
|Range Rover Sport HSE w/Luxury Interior Pkg. ('07-'08), HSE w/Luxury Pkg. ('09)
|Class E
|-
|H (following S)
|Range Rover Sport Supercharged ('06-'09), Supercharged Ltd. Ed. ('08)
|Class E
|-
|L (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) 4.6 SE ('01)
|Class E
|-
|M (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) 4.6 HSE ('01-'02), Westminster Edition ('02)
|Class E
|-
|A (following M)
|Range Rover (3rd gen.) HSE '03 
|Class E
|-
|B (following M)
|Range Rover (3rd gen.) HSE '03 
|Class E
|-
|E (following M)
|Range Rover (3rd gen.) HSE '03-'09 
|Class E
|-
|F (following M)
|Range Rover (3rd gen.) HSE '03 
|Class E
|-
|F (following M)
|Range Rover (3rd gen.) HSE w/Luxury Interior Pkg. '04-'05 [Pos. 7 is 1] 
|Class E
|-
|F (following M)
|Range Rover (3rd gen.) HSE w/Luxury Interior Pkg. '06-'09 [Pos. 7 is 5] 
|Class E
|-
|F (following M)
|Range Rover (3rd gen.) Supercharged '06-'09 [Pos. 7 is 3] 
|Class E
|-
|H (following M)
|Range Rover (3rd gen.) Westminster Edition ('04-'06, '08), 20th Anniversary Edition ('07)
|Class E
|-
|P (following M)
|Range Rover (3rd gen.) Autobiography '09 [Pos. 7 is 3] 
|Class E
|-
|}

===Trim Level/Drive Wheels/GVWR/Restraint System (Position 5) 2010-===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 5
!VIN code
!Trim Level
!Drive Wheels
!GVWR
!Restraint System
|-
|J
|LR2 base model - Canada only: '14
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|N
|Range Rover Evoque Pure '12 (Canada only), '13-'15
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|P
|LR2 '10, LR2 base model - Canada only: '13,&lt;br&gt; LR2 SE - Canada only: '14,&lt;br&gt; LR2 base model '15, Discovery Sport SE '15-'19,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque Pure Plus '12-'15,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque SE, SE Premium '16-'19
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|C
|Range Rover Evoque Landmark Edition 4-d '18-'19 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 2]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|R
|LR2 base model (US only) '11-'14,&lt;br&gt; LR2 HSE (US &amp; Canada) '10-'15, LR2 HSE Plus '10,&lt;br&gt; Discovery Sport HSE '15-'18,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque Pure Premium '12-'15,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque HSE '16-'19
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|R
|Discovery Sport HSE '19, Landmark Edition '19 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|R
|Discovery Sport HSE Dynamic '19 [Pos. 7 is G]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|V
|Range Rover Evoque Prestige Premium '12-'14, Prestige '15
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|T
|LR2 HSE Lux '10-'15, Discovery Sport HSE Lux '15-'18,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque Dynamic Premium '12-'14,&lt;br&gt; Dynamic '15
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|T
|Discovery Sport HSE Luxury '19 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|T
|Discovery Sport HSE Luxury Dynamic '19 [Pos. 7 is G]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|D
|Range Rover Evoque HSE Dynamic '16-'19 [Pos. 6 is 2]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|D
|Range Rover Evoque HSE Dynamic 2-d '16 [Pos. 6 is 1]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|E
|Range Rover Evoque Autobiography '15-'19
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|C
|Range Rover Evoque SE Dynamic 2-d convertible '17-'19 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 5]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Head/Thorax Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|D
|Range Rover Evoque HSE Dynamic 2-d convertible '17-'19 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 5]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Head/Thorax Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|K
|Discovery Sport base model '20
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|J
|Discovery Sport S '20-25, Range Rover Evoque S '20-'26
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|P
|Discovery Sport SE '20-'23, Range Rover Evoque SE '20-'23
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|9
|Discovery Sport HSE '20
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|L
|Range Rover Evoque First Edition '20 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|T
|Discovery Sport R-Dynamic S '20-'23,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque R-Dynamic S '20-'23
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|L
|Discovery Sport R-Dynamic SE '20-'23,&lt;br&gt; Discovery Sport Dynamic SE '24-'25,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque R-Dynamic SE '21-'23,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque Dynamic SE '24-'26 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|L
|Discovery Sport Landmark Edition '26 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|L
|Range Rover Evoque R-Dynamic SE '20 [Pos. 7 is G]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|M
|Discovery Sport R-Dynamic HSE '20, Canada only: '21-'23,&lt;br&gt; Discovery Sport Dynamic HSE - Canada only: '24-'25,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque R-Dynamic HSE '20-'21,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque Dynamic HSE - Canada only: '24-'25
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|W
|Range Rover Evoque P250 Bronze Collection - &lt;br&gt; Canada only: '22-'23 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|W
|Range Rover Evoque P300 HST '22-'23 [Pos. 7 is G]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|V
|Range Rover Evoque P250 Hoxton Edition '26
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|1
|Range Rover Evoque P250 Autobiography - Canada only: '26
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|A
|Range Rover Velar base model '18-'19 [Pos. 8 is X]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|B
|Range Rover Velar S '18-'20
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Range Rover Velar S '21-'26
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|C
|Range Rover Velar SE - Canada only: '18
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Range Rover Velar R-Dynamic SE '18-'19
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|A
|Range Rover Velar R-Dynamic SE '19 (some early prod. w/340-hp engine) [Pos. 7 is F &amp; Pos. 8 is V]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|K
|Range Rover Velar R-Dynamic S '20
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Range Rover Velar R-Dynamic S '21-'23
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Range Rover Velar Dynamic SE '24-'26
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Range Rover Velar R-Dynamic HSE '18-'22, First Edition '18
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Velar HST '23
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Range Rover Velar Dynamic HSE '24-'25
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Velar Belgravia Edition '26,&lt;br&gt; Belgravia Edition Satin '26
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|1
|Range Rover Velar Autobiography '26
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|U
|Range Rover Velar SVAutobiography Dynamic '20
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|B
|LR4 base model w/2 rows of seats '10-'16
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|C
|LR4 base model w/3 rows of seats '10-'16
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|F
|LR4 HSE w/2 rows of seats - '10, Canada only: '13-'16
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|G
|LR4 HSE w/3 rows of seats '10-'16
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|LR4 HSE Plus w/2 rows of seats '10
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|LR4 HSE Plus w/3 rows of seats '10
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|K
|LR4 HSE Lux w/3 rows of seats '10-'16,&lt;br&gt; HSE Lux XXV Ltd. Ed. w/3 rows of seats '14
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|F
|Range Rover Sport HSE '10-'13,&lt;br&gt; HSE GT Limited Edition '11-'13
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|K
|Range Rover Sport HSE Luxury '10-'13
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|H
|Range Rover Sport Supercharged '10-'13,&lt;br&gt; Supercharged Limited Edition '13
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Range Rover Sport Autobiography '11-'13
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|G
|Discovery SE '17-'20, Range Rover Sport SE '14-'22
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|U
|Discovery Landmark Edition '20
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Discovery P300 S '21-'26 [Pos. 8 is X]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Discovery P360 S - Canada only: '21-'23 [Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery P300 R-Dynamic S '21-'23 [Pos. 8 is X]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery P360 R-Dynamic S '21-'23 [Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Discovery P300 Dynamic SE '24-'26 [Pos. 8 is X]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Discovery P360 Dynamic SE '24-'25, Canada only: '26 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Discovery P360 R-Dynamic HSE '21-'23,&lt;br&gt; P360 Dynamic HSE - Canada only: '24-'25
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Discovery P360 Metropolitan Edition '23-'25
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Discovery P360 Gemini Edition '26,&lt;br&gt; Discovery P360 Tempest Edition '26
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport HSE '14 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 7 is V or W]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport HSE '15, HSE Limited Edition '15 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 7 is V]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport HSE '16 [Pos. 7 is P, V, or K]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Discovery HSE '17-'20,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Sport HSE '17-'18 [Pos. 8 is V or K]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport HSE '19 [Pos. 8 is V or K or U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport HSE '20, HSE Silver Edition '21 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 8 is U or K]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport HSE Silver Edition '22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|H
|Discovery HSE Luxury '17
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery HSE Luxury '18-'20
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery First Edition '17
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover Sport HST '16 [Pos. 7 is P or V]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Sport HSE Dynamic '17-'19 [Pos. 8 is V]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover Sport HST Mid '19-'22
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport P400e HSE '20,&lt;br&gt; P400e HSE Silver Edition '21-'22 [Pos. 8 is Y]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Sport P400e Autobiography '20-'21 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 8 is Y]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport Supercharged '14 [Pos. 7 is E or T]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport Supercharged '15,&lt;br&gt; Supercharged Limited Edition '15 [Pos. 7 is T]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport Supercharged '16,&lt;br&gt; Supercharged Dynamic '16,&lt;br&gt; Supercharged Dynamic Limited Edition '16 [Pos. 7 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport Supercharged '17-'18,&lt;br&gt; Supercharged Dynamic '17-'19,&lt;br&gt; HSE Dynamic '20-'22 [Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Sport Autobiography '14 [Pos. 7 is E or T]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Sport Autobiography '15 [Pos. 7 is T]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Sport Autobiography '16 [Pos. 7 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Sport Autobiography '17, '19-'22,&lt;br&gt; Autobiography Dynamic '18 [Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|Z
|Range Rover Sport SVR '15-'22, SVR Carbon Edition '21-'22
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Range Rover Sport P360 S '25-'26
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Range Rover Sport P360 SE '23-'26
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Range Rover Sport P400 Dynamic S - Canada only: '23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Range Rover Sport Dynamic SE '23-'26
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Range Rover Sport P400 Dynamic HSE - &lt;br&gt; Canada only: '24-'26
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|1
|Range Rover Sport P440e Autobiography '23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Range Rover Sport P440e HSE Dynamic - Canada only: '23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|1
|Range Rover Sport P550e Autobiography '24-'26,&lt;br&gt; P530 Autobiography '25-'26
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Sport P530 First Edition '23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|Z
|Range Rover Sport P635 SV Edition One w/Obsidian Black or Flux Silver paint '24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|0
|Range Rover Sport P635 SV Edition One w/Carbon Bronze paint '24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|Z
|Range Rover Sport P635 SV Edition Two '25
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|Y
|Range Rover Sport P635 SV '26
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|0
|Range Rover Sport P635 SV Black '26
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|3
|Range Rover Sport P635 SV Carbon '26
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|E
|Range Rover HSE '10-'12 [Pos. 7 is D] 
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|F
|Range Rover HSE Luxury '10-'12 [Pos. 7 is D] 
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|F
|Range Rover Supercharged '10-'12 [Pos. 7 is E] 
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Range Rover Autobiography '10-'12 [Pos. 7 is E] 
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover (L405) base model '13-'22
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover HSE '13 [Pos. 7 is D] 
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover HSE '14 [Pos. 7 is V or W] 
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover HSE '15, HSE Limited Edition '15 [Pos. 7 is V] 
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover HSE '16 [Pos. 7 is P, V, or K] 
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover HSE '17-'19 [Pos. 8 is V or K] 
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover HSE '20 [Pos. 8 is U or K] 
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover HSE '21 [Pos. 8 is K] 
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover (L405) HSE Westminster Edition '21-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 8 is U] 
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover P400e HSE '20-'21 [Pos. 8 is Y]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover P400e Autobiography '20-'21 [Pos. 8 is Y]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover (L405) Supercharged SWB '13 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 7 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover (L405) Supercharged SWB '14,&lt;br&gt; Supercharged SWB Ebony Edition '14 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 2 &amp; Pos. 7 is E or T]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover (L405) Supercharged SWB '15,&lt;br&gt; Supercharged SWB Limited Edition '15 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 2 &amp; Pos. 7 is T]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover (L405) Supercharged SWB '16 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 2 &amp; Pos. 7 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover (L405) Supercharged SWB '17-'19,&lt;br&gt; P525 HSE SWB '20,&lt;br&gt; P525 HSE Westminster Edition SWB '21-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 2 &amp; Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover (L405) Autobiography SWB '13-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 2]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|U
|Range Rover Autobiography Fifty Edition SWB '21 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 2]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Range Rover (L405) SVAutobiography Dynamic '17-'22,&lt;br&gt; SVAutobiography Dynamic Black '21-'22 [Pos. 6 is 2]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover (L405) HSE LWB '15 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 3 &amp; Pos. 7 is V]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover (L405) Supercharged LWB '14 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 3 &amp; Pos. 7 is E or T]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover (L405) Supercharged LWB '15,&lt;br&gt; Supercharged LWB Limited Edition '15 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 3 &amp; Pos. 7 is T]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover (L405) Supercharged LWB '16 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 3 &amp; Pos. 7 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover (L405) Supercharged LWB '17-'19,&lt;br&gt; P525 HSE LWB '20,&lt;br&gt; P525 HSE Westminster Edition LWB '21-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 5 &amp; Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover (L405) Autobiography LWB '14-'15 [Pos. 6 is 3]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover (L405) Autobiography LWB '16 [Pos. 6 is 3]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover (L405) Autobiography LWB '17-'22 [Pos. 6 is 5]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Range Rover (L405) Autobiography Black LWB '14-'15 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 3]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|U
|Range Rover Autobiography Fifty Edition LWB '21 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 5]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Range Rover (L405) SVAutobiography LWB '16-'17 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 3]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Range Rover (L405) SVAutobiography LWB '18-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 5]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Range Rover (L460) SE '22-'26
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|1
|Range Rover (L460) Autobiography '22-'26
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover (L460) P530 First Edition '22-'23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|U
|Range Rover (L460) P530 SV '22-'23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|Z
|Range Rover (L460) P615 SV '24-'26
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|0
|Range Rover (L460) P615 SV Black '26
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|K
|Defender 90 base model '21-'22 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|K
|Defender 110 base model w/2 rows of seats '20-'23 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|K
|Defender 110 base model w/3 rows of seats '20-'23 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Defender 90 S '21-'25, Canada only: '26 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Defender 110 S w/2 rows of seats '20-'26 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Defender 110 S w/3 rows of seats '20-'26 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Defender 130 S w/3 rows of seats '23-'26 [Pos. 6 is F]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|Y
|Defender 90 X-Dynamic S '21-'22 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Defender 90 P400 SE '23 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Defender 110 P400 SE w/2 rows of seats '20-'23 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Defender 110 P500 SE w/2 rows of seats '24 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Defender 110 P400 SE w/3 rows of seats '20-'23 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Defender 130 P400 SE w/3 rows of seats '23 [Pos. 6 is F]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|2
|Defender 90 P400 X-Dynamic SE '22-'26,&lt;br&gt; Defender 90 X-Dynamic SE Sedona Red '26 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|2
|Defender 110 P400 X-Dynamic SE w/2 rows of seats '21-'26 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|2
|Defender 110 P500 X-Dynamic SE w/2 rows of seats '25-'26 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E &amp; Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|2
|Defender 110 P400 X-Dynamic SE w/3 rows of seats '21-'26 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|2
|Defender 130 P400 X-Dynamic SE w/3 rows of seats '23-'26 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is F]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|3
|Defender 90 X-Dynamic HSE '22 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|3
|Defender 110 X-Dynamic HSE w/2 rows of seats '21-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|3
|Defender 110 X-Dynamic HSE w/3 rows of seats '21-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 110 XS Edition w/2 rows of seats '22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 7 &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 110 XS Edition w/3 rows of seats '22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 90 75th Limited Edition '23 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 6 &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 110 75th Limited Edition w/2 rows of seats '23 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 7 &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 110 Sedona Red Edition w/2 rows of seats '25 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 7 &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 110 Trophy Edition w/2 rows of seats '26 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 7 &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 130 P400 Outbound w/2 rows of seats '24-'26 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is F &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Defender 90 First Edition '21 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|1
|Defender 110 First Edition w/2 rows of seats '20 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|1
|Defender 110 First Edition w/3 rows of seats '20 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Defender 130 First Edition w/3 rows of seats '23 [Pos. 6 is F]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|9
|Defender 110 HSE w/2 rows of seats '20 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|9
|Defender 110 HSE w/3 rows of seats '20 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|X
|Defender 90 X '21-'23, Canada only: '24 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|X
|Defender 110 X w/2 rows of seats '20-'26 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|X
|Defender 110 X w/3 rows of seats '20-'26 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|X
|Defender 130 X w/3 rows of seats '23-'26 [Pos. 6 is F]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|B
|Defender 90 P525 V8 '24 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 90 P525 V8 '22-'23, '25-'26,&lt;br&gt; P525 V8 Carpathian Edition '22-'24 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|B
|Defender 110 P525 V8 w/2 rows of seats '24 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E &amp; Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 110 P525 V8 w/2 rows of seats '22-'23, '25-'26,&lt;br&gt; P525 V8 Carpathian Edition w/2 rows of seats '22-'24,&lt;br&gt; P525 V8 Bond Edition w/2 rows of seats '22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E &amp; Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|B
|Defender 130 P500 V8 w/3 rows of seats '24 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is F &amp; Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 130 P500 V8 w/3 rows of seats '25-'26 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is F &amp; Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|Z
|Defender 110 P635 OCTA w/2 rows of seats '25-'26,&lt;br&gt; P635 OCTA Edition One w/2 rows of seats '25,&lt;br&gt; P635 OCTA Black w/2 rows of seats '26 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E &amp; Pos. 8 is 9]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|}

===Body Type===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 6
!VIN code
!Description
|-
|1
|4-door wagon (Range Rover '87-'12, Defender 110 '93, Discovery '94-'04)
|-
|1
|2-door soft top (Freelander SE3) ('03-'05)
|-
|1
|2-door wagon (Range Rover Evoque 2-d '12-'17)
|-
|2
|2-door soft top (Defender 90) ('94-'95, '97)
|-
|2
|4-door wagon (Freelander) ('02-'05)
|-
|2
|4-door wagon (LR2 '08-'15, Discovery Sport '15-'26, Range Rover Evoque 4-d '12-, LR3 '05-'09, LR4 '10-'16, Discovery '18-, Range Rover Sport '06-'22, Range Rover Sport P400e '20, Range Rover SWB (L405) '13-'22, Range Rover Velar '18-)
|-
|3
|2-door wagon (Defender 90) ('95, '97)
|-
|3
|4-door wagon LWB (Range Rover LWB '14-'16)
|-
|3
|4-door wagon LWB w/Class E GVWR (Range Rover SVAutobiography LWB '17)
|-
|4
|4-door wagon [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]] (Range Rover P400e '20-'21, Range Rover Sport P400e '21-Early '22)
|-
|5
|4-door wagon LWB w/Class F GVWR (Range Rover Supercharged LWB &amp; Autobiography LWB '17)
|-
|5
|4-door wagon LWB w/Class F GVWR (Range Rover LWB (L405) '18-'22)
|-
|5
|2-door convertible (Range Rover Evoque convertible '17-'19)
|-
|6
|2-door wagon (Defender 90 '21-)
|-
|7
|4-door wagon w/2 rows of seating (Defender 110 P300/P400 '20-)
|-
|9
|4-door wagon (Range Rover SWB (L460) '22-, Range Rover Sport '23-)
|-
|B
|4-door wagon (Discovery '17)
|-
|B
|4-door wagon LWB (Range Rover LWB (L460) '22-)
|-
|E
|4-door wagon w/3 rows of seating (Defender 110 P300/P400 w/opt. 3rd row '20-)
|-
|E
|4-door wagon w/2 rows of seating (Defender 110 V8 models '22-)
|-
|F
|4-door wagon w/extended length (Defender 130 '23-)
|}
SWB=Short-wheelbase, LWB=Long-wheelbase

===Engine Type (All Models 1987-2016 EXCEPT LR2, Discovery Sport, Range Rover Evoque)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 7
|-
! VIN !! Size !! Type !! Fuel !! Valvetrain !! Engine Family/Notes/Applications
|-
| 1 || 3.5L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||MPI. [[w:Rover V8 engine|(Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine]]. Land Rover Range Rover ('87-'88).
|-
| 1 || 4.4L || V8 || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Sequential MPI. Single VANOS (Intake VVT). BMW M62TUB44 engine. Land Rover Range Rover ('03-'05).
|-
| 2 || 3.9L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||MPI. (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover SWB ('89-'94), Range Rover County Classic [SWB] ('95), Defender 110 ('93),&lt;br&gt; Defender 90 ('94-'95), Discovery ('94-'95).
|-
| 2 || 4.0L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Sequential MPI. (3947 cc, actually 3.9L). (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. Land Rover Range Rover 4.0 SE ('95-'99),&lt;br&gt; Discovery ('96-'02), Defender 90 ('97).
|-
| 2 || 2.5L || 90° V6 || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Sequential MPI. VIS. [[w:Rover KV6 engine|Rover KV6 engine]]. Land Rover Freelander ('02-'05).
|-
| 3 || 4.2L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||MPI. (4275 cc, actually 4.3L). (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. Land Rover Range Rover County LWB ('93-'95).
|-
| 3 || 4.2L || V8 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Sequential MPI. Jaguar AJ33S engine. Land Rover Range Rover ('06-'09), Range Rover Sport ('06-'09).
|-
| 4 || 4.6L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Sequential MPI. (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. Land Rover Range Rover 4.6 HSE ('96-'99), Discovery ('03).
|-
| 4 || 4.0L || 60° V6 || Gas ||SOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 12 valve||Sequential MPI. Variable intake manifold. Ford Cologne V6 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover LR3 ('05-'07 &amp; also '08-'09 in Canada).
|-
| 5 || 4.0L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Sequential MPI. (3947 cc, actually 3.9L). (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. LEV.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover 4.0 SE ('00), Discovery ('00-'02).
|-
| 5 || 4.4L || V8 || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Sequential MPI. Continuously VCP (Intake VVT). Jaguar AJ41 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover LR3 ('05-'09), Range Rover ('06-'09), Range Rover Sport ('06-'09).
|-
| 6 || 4.6L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Sequential MPI. (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. LEV ('00-'02) or ULEV ('03).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover 4.6 HSE ('00-'02), 4.6 SE ('01), Discovery ('03).
|-
| 9 || 4.6L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Sequential MPI. (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. Land Rover Discovery ('04).
|-
| D || 5.0L || V8 || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). CPS (Intake VVL). VIS. Jaguar AJ133 engine (LR-V8).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover LR4 ('10-'13), Range Rover ('10-'13), Range Rover Sport ('10-'13).
|-
| E || 5.0L || V8 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ133S engine (LR-V8S).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('10-'16), Range Rover Sport ('10-'16).
|-
| K || 3.0L || 60° V6 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Diesel ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Common-rail Direct injection. Ford-PSA &quot;Lion&quot; AJD-V6 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover Td6 ('16), Range Rover Sport Td6 ('16).
|-
| P || 3.0L || 90° V6 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ126 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('16), Range Rover Sport ('16).
|-
| T || 5.0L || V8 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas/E85 ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Flex Fuel. Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ133S engine (LR-V8S).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('14-'15), Range Rover Sport ('14-'15).
|-
| V || 3.0L || 90° V6 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ126 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover LR4 ('14-'16), Range Rover ('14-'16), Range Rover Sport ('14-'16).
|-
| W || 3.0L || 90° V6 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas/E85 ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Flex Fuel. Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ126 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('14), Range Rover Sport ('14).
|}
VVT=Variable Valve Timing. VCP=Variable Camshaft Phasing. VCT=Variable Camshaft Timing. VIS=Variable Intake System. LEV=Low Emissions Vehicle. ULEV=Ultra-Low Emissions Vehicle. CPS=Cam Profile Switching. VVL=Variable Valve Lift.

===Transmission Type (LR2, Discovery Sport, Range Rover Evoque only 2008-2016)===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 7
!VIN code
!Description
|-
|4
|6-speed automatic (Aisin AWF21) (LR2 '08-'09)
|-
|B
|6-speed automatic (Aisin AWF21) (LR2 '10-'15, Range Rover Evoque '12-'13)
|-
|B
|9-speed automatic (ZF 9HP) (Discovery Sport '15-'16, Range Rover Evoque '14-'16)
|}

===Transmission Type (All models 2017)===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 7
!VIN code
!Description
|-
|B
|8-speed automatic (ZF 8HP) (Discovery '17)
|-
|B
|9-speed automatic (ZF 9HP) (Discovery Sport '17, Range Rover Evoque '17)
|-
|F
|8-speed automatic (ZF 8HP) (Range Rover '17, Range Rover Sport '17)
|}

===Transmission Type (All Models 1987-2016 EXCEPT LR2, Discovery Sport, Range Rover Evoque)===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 8
!VIN code
!Description
|-
|2
|5-speed automatic [manual shift mode: Steptronic or CommandShift] (Jatco JF506E) (Freelander '02-'05)
|-
|4
|4-speed automatic (ZF 4HP22 or w/4.6L V8: 4HP24) (Range Rover '87-'02, Discovery '94-'04, Defender 90 '97)
|-
|4
|5-speed automatic (ZF 5HP24) (Range Rover '03-'05)
|-
|4
|6-speed automatic (ZF 6HP26X) (LR3 '05-'09, Range Rover '06-'09, Range Rover Sport '06-'09)
|-
|4
|6-speed automatic (ZF 6HP28X) (LR4 '10-'13, Range Rover '10-'12, Range Rover Sport '10-'13)
|-
|6
|8-speed automatic (ZF 8HP) (LR4 '14-'16)
|-
|8
|5-speed manual (Defender 110 '93, Defender 90 '94-'95, Discovery '94-'97)
|-
|F
|8-speed automatic (ZF 8HP) (Range Rover '13-'16, Range Rover Sport '14-'16)
|}
All are LHD (Left-hand drive).

===Engine Type (LR2, Discovery Sport, Range Rover Evoque only 2008-2016)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 8
|-
! VIN !! Size !! Type !! Fuel !! Valvetrain !! Engine Family/Notes/Applications
|-
| G || 2.0L || I4 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 16 valve||Direct Injection. Dual VVT. Ford EcoBoost engine (Mazda L engine-based).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover LR2 ('13-'15), Discovery Sport ('15-'16), Range Rover Evoque ('12-'16).
|-
| N || 3.2L || I6 || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||MPI. VCT (Intake VVT). CPS (Intake VVL). VIS. [[w:Volvo SI6 engine#B6324S5|Volvo SI6 engine - B6324S5]]. Land Rover LR2 ('08-'12).
|-
|}
VCT=Variable Cam Timing. VVT=Variable Valve Timing. CPS=Cam Profile Switching. VVL=Variable Valve Lift. VIS=Variable Intake System.

===Engine Type (All models 2017 only)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 8
|-
! VIN !! Size !! Type !! Fuel !! Valvetrain !! Engine Family/Notes/Applications
|-
| E || 5.0L || V8 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ133S engine (LR-V8S).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('17), Range Rover Sport ('17).
|-
| G || 2.0L || I4 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 16 valve||Direct Injection. Dual VVT. Ford EcoBoost engine (Mazda L engine-based).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery Sport ('17), Range Rover Evoque ('17).
|-
| K || 3.0L || 60° V6 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Diesel ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Common-rail Direct injection. Ford-PSA &quot;Lion&quot; AJD-V6 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery Td6 ('17), Range Rover Td6 ('17), Range Rover Sport Td6 ('17).
|-
| V || 3.0L || 90° V6 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ126 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery ('17), Range Rover ('17), Range Rover Sport ('17).
|}

==Engine 2018-==
===Engine Variant (All models 2018-)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 7
|-
! VIN !! Power Level/Engine !! Transmission !! Model
|-
|R (followed by X)
|237 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Discovery Sport ('18), Range Rover Evoque ('18-'19)
|-
|S (followed by X)
|286 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Discovery Sport ('18), Range Rover Evoque ('18-'19)
|-
|F (followed by X)
|237 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Discovery Sport ('19)
|-
|G (followed by X)
|286 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Discovery Sport ('19), Discovery Sport P290 ('20)
|-
|F (followed by X)
|246 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Discovery Sport P250 ('20-'26), Range Rover Evoque S/SE/1st Edition ('20),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque P250 ('21-'26)
|-
|G (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Range Rover Evoque R-Dynamic S/SE/HSE ('20),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque P300 HST ('22-'23)
|-
|R (followed by X)
|247 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar ('18)
|-
|E (followed by X)
|247 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P250 ('19-'26)
|-
|F (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P300 (Canada only: '19-'20)
|-
|R (followed by N)
|180 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbodiesel I4
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar ('18)
|-
|E (followed by N)
|180 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbodiesel I4
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar D180 ('19)
|-
|R (followed by V)
|380 hp 3.0L AJ126 supercharged V6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar ('18)
|-
|F (followed by V)
|340 hp 3.0L AJ126 supercharged V6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P340 ('19-'20)
|-
|E (followed by V)
|380 hp 3.0L AJ126 supercharged V6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P380 ('19-'20)
|-
|E (followed by U)
|335 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P340 ('21-'23, Canada only: '24-'26)
|-
|F (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P400 R-Dynamic HSE ('21-'22), &lt;br&gt; Range Rover Velar P400 HST ('23), &lt;br&gt; Range Rover Velar P400 Dynamic SE/HSE ('24-'25), &lt;br&gt; Range Rover Velar P400 Dynamic SE/Autobiography/Belgravia Ed. ('26)
|-
|E (followed by E)
|550 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar SVAutobiography Dynamic ('20)
|-
|R (followed by V)
|340 hp 3.0L AJ126 supercharged V6
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery ('18-'20), Range Rover Sport SE/HSE ('18-'19), Range Rover ('18-'19)
|-
|R (followed by K)
|254 hp 3.0L &quot;Lion&quot; AJD-V6 turbodiesel V6
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery Td6 ('18-'20), Range Rover Sport Td6 ('18-'21), Range Rover Td6 ('18-'21)
|-
|R (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery P300 ('21)
|-
|R (followed by U)
|355 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery P360 ('21)
|-
|E (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery P300 ('22-'24)
|-
|F (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery P300 ('25-'26)
|-
|E (followed by U)
|355 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery P360 ('22-'26)
|-
|S (followed by V)
|380 hp 3.0L AJ126 supercharged V6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport HSE Dynamic ('18-'19), Range Rover HSE ('18-'19)
|-
|R (followed by U)
|355 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport SE/HSE (Mid '19)
|-
|S (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport HST (Mid '19)
|-
|S (followed by U)
|355 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P360 SE/HSE ('20),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Sport P360 SE/HSE Silver ('21-'22), Range Rover (L405) P360 ('20-'22)
|-
|R (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P400 HST ('20-'22), Range Rover P400 HSE ('20),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover (L405) P400 HSE Westminster ('21-'22)
|-
|R (followed by Y)
|398 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4 + 1 motor &lt;br&gt; Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]]
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P400e ('20-'22), Range Rover P400e ('20-'21)
|-
|R (followed by E)
|518 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport ('18-'19), Range Rover ('18-'19)
|-
|S (followed by E)
|575 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport SVR ('18-'19)
|-
|S (followed by E)
|557 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover SVAutobiography Dynamic, SVAutobiography LWB ('18-'19)
|-
|S (followed by E)
|518 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P525 ('20-'22), Range Rover (L405) P525 ('20-'22)
|-
|R (followed by E)
|575 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport SVR ('20-'22)
|-
|R (followed by E)
|557 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover (L405) SVAutobiography Dynamic, SVAutobiography LWB ('20-'22)
|-
|E (followed by U)
|355 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P360 ('23-'26)
|-
|F (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P400 ('23-'26), &lt;br&gt; Range Rover (L460) P400 SE ('22-'26)
|-
|E (followed by 4)
|434 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6 + 1 motor &lt;br&gt; Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]]
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P440e ('23)
|-
|F (followed by 4)
|434 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6 + 1 motor &lt;br&gt; Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]]
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover P440e ('23)
|-
|E (followed by 4)
|454 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6 + 1 motor &lt;br&gt; Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]]
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P460e ('25-'26)
|-
|F (followed by 4)
|542 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6 + 1 motor &lt;br&gt; Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]]
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P550e ('24-'26), Range Rover P550e ('24-'26)
|-
|E (followed by 7)
|523 hp 4.4L BMW N63 (JLR NC10)&lt;br&gt; twin-turbo V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P530 ('23), &lt;br&gt; Range Rover (L460) P530 ('22-'23)
|-
|F (followed by 9)
|626 hp 4.4L BMW S68 (JLR NC11)&lt;br&gt; twin-turbo V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P635 SV Edition One ('24),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Sport P635 SV Edition Two ('25), Range Rover Sport P635 SV ('26)
|-
|E (followed by 9)
|523 hp 4.4L BMW S68 (JLR NC11)&lt;br&gt; twin-turbo V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover (L460) P530 ('24-'26), Range Rover Sport P530 ('25-'26)
|-
|F (followed by 9)
|606 hp 4.4L BMW S68 (JLR NC11)&lt;br&gt; twin-turbo V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover (L460) P615 SV ('24-'26)
|-
|E (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 110 P300 ('20)
|-
|E (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 110 P400 ('20)
|-
|R (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P300 ('21-'22), Defender 110 P300 ('21-'22)
|-
|R (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P400 ('21-'22), Defender 110 P400 ('21-'22)
|-
|R (followed by E)
|518 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P525 ('22), Defender 110 P525 ('22)
|-
|E (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P300 ('23-'25, Canada only: '26), Defender 110 P300 ('23-'26)
|-
|E (followed by U)
|296 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 130 P300 S ('23) [Pos. 5 is J]
|-
|F (followed by U)
|296 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 130 P300 S ('24-'26) 
|-
|E (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P400 ('23-'26), Defender 110 P400 ('23-'26), Defender 130 P400 ('23-'26)
|-
|F (followed by E)
|493 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 110 P500 ('24-'26), Defender 130 P500 ('24-'26)
|-
|E (followed by E)
|518 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P525 ('23-'26), Defender 110 P525 ('23-'26)
|-
|E (followed by 9)
|626 hp 4.4L BMW S68 (JLR NC11)&lt;br&gt; twin-turbo V8
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 110 P635 OCTA ('25-'26)
|}

===Engine Type (All models 2018-)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 8
|-
! VIN !! Size !! Type !! Fuel !! Valvetrain !! Engine Family/Notes/Applications
|-
| E || 5.0L || V8 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ133S engine (LR-V8S).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('18-'22), Range Rover Sport ('18-'22),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Velar SVAutobiography Dynamic ('20), Defender V8 ('22-'26).
|-
| K || 3.0L || 60° V6 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Diesel ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Common-rail Direct injection. Ford-PSA &quot;Lion&quot; AJD-V6 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery Td6 ('18-'20), Range Rover Td6 ('18-'21), Range Rover Sport Td6 ('18-'21).
|-
| N || 2.0L || I4 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Diesel || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 16 valve||Common-rail Direct Injection. Exhaust VVT. JLR Ingenium AJ20D engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover Velar ('18-'19)
|-
| U || 3.0L || I6 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||48v Mild Hybrid. E-supercharger. Direct Injection. Dual VVT.  CVVL (Intake VVL).&lt;br&gt; JLR Ingenium AJ20P6/AJ300P engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery ('21-), Range Rover ('20-), Range Rover Sport (Mid '19-), Range Rover Velar ('21-), Defender ('20-).
|-
| V || 3.0L || 90° V6 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ126 engine. Land Rover Discovery ('18-'20),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover ('18-'19), Range Rover Sport ('18-Mid '19), Range Rover Velar ('18-'20).
|-
| X || 2.0L || I4 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 16 valve||Direct Injection. Dual VVT. CVVL (Intake VVL). JLR Ingenium AJ20P4/AJ200P engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery Sport ('18-'26), Range Rover Evoque ('18-), Range Rover Velar ('18-), Defender ('20-'26), Discovery ('21-).
|-
| Y || 2.0L || I4 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]] || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 16 valve||Direct Injection. Dual VVT. CVVL (Intake VVL). JLR Ingenium AJ20P4/AJ200P engine + 1 Front motor.&lt;br&gt; 12.4 kWh Lithium-ion Battery Pack.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover P400e ('20-'21), Range Rover Sport P400e ('20-Early '22).
|-
| 4 || 3.0L || I6 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]] || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||E-supercharger. Direct Injection. Dual VVT. CVVL (Intake VVL).&lt;br&gt; JLR Ingenium AJ20P6/AJ300P engine + 1 Front motor. 31.8 kWh Lithium-ion Battery Pack.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover P440e ('23), P550e ('24-); Range Rover Sport P440e ('23), P460e ('25-), P550e ('24-).
|-
| 7 || 4.4L || V8 Twin Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Direct Injection. Dual VVT (Double VANOS). Valvetronic (Intake VVL). BMW N63B44T3 [N63TU3] engine [JLR NC10-P8H]. Land Rover Range Rover [L460] ('22-'23), Range Rover Sport ('23).
|-
| 9 || 4.4L || V8 Twin Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||48v Mild Hybrid. Direct Injection. Dual VVT (Double VANOS). Valvetronic (Intake VVL). BMW S68B44TO [S68B44A] engine [JLR NC11-P8S]. Land Rover Range Rover [L460] ('24-), Range Rover Sport ('24-),&lt;br&gt; Defender Octa ('25-).
|-
|}
CVVL=Continuously Variable Valve Lift.

==Check Digit/Gearbox (Position 9)==
* USA /Canada [[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Check digit|Check digit]]

==Model Year Code (Position 10)==
''See: [[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Model year]]''

==Plant Codes (Position 11)==
* A - Solihull, West Midlands, England, UK
* H - Halewood, Merseyside, England, UK
* 2 - Nitra, Slovakia

==External links==
* [http://www.clifton.nl/calvin.html CalVIN, the on-line free Land Rover VIN CALculator]
* [http://www.fourfold.org/LR_FAQ Land Rover FAQ archive]
* [http://www.vindecoderz.com/EN/Land%20Rover Land Rover VIN decoder]


{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>1evv82xcualiq9dfh9u6sz1u03ez4jm</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4680074</id>
      <parentid>4680073</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-04T22:48:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JustTheFacts33</username>
        <id>3434282</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Model Series/GVWR */</comment>
      <origin>4680074</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="66397" sha1="9axsmke9llmpbo7ai8bkl7aj29bj860" xml:space="preserve">{{Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Warning}}{{clear}}
From 1948 to the early eighties, Land Rover used for their cars chassis numbers of their own format. These formats are described in the table below. Since 1980 Land Rover deploys the standard 17-character Vehicle Identification Number ('''VIN'''), complying with international standards. 

Car details can be derived (decoded, calculated) from the chassis numbers and the VIN. Typically, the model (Defender, Discovery, Range Rover, Freelander), model type (station wagon, three/four door, etc), wheelbase (90 inch, 100 inch, 110 inch, etc.), engine, LHD/RHD, gearbox, and model year is included in the VIN. 

===Chassis number formats over the years===
&lt;table&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Description&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Format&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;17-characters, International VIN, 1980-later&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;SAL..............&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;17-characters, Int. VIN for LR do Brazil  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;93R..............&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;17-characters, Int. VIN for AAD, 1985-1995 &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;AAD..............&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;17-characters, US/Canada VIN, 1987-later  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;SAL.................&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;17-characters, Brazil VIN for JLR Brazil, 2016-later  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;99J.................&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;14-characters: is actually the 17-char&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;VIN missing the SAL bit&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;9-character numbers, 1955      &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;17.6.....&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;9-character numbers, 1956 to 1961  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;1........&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;9-character numbers, 1950      &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;L........ or R........&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;9-character numbers, 1962 to 1979  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;.........&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;8-character numbers, 1948 to 1949  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;.8......&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;8-character numbers, 1950 to 1953  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;.6......&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;8-character numbers, 1954 to 1955  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;.7......&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;7-character numbers, 1948 to 1949  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;.......&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;6-character numbers, ???? prototypes &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;110F..&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;3-character numbers, 1948 prototypes &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;R.. or L..&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

===Land Rover WMIs (1981-) (Position 1-3)===

* SAL - Land Rover (UK &amp; Europe)
* 99J - JLR Brazil
* L2C - Chery Jaguar Land Rover (China)

===Model Line===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 4
!VIN code
!Description
|-
|A
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery#Discovery 3 / LR3 (2004–2009)|Land Rover LR3]] ('05-'09)
|-
|A
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery#Discovery 4 / LR4 (2009–2016)|Land Rover LR4]] ('10-'16)
|-
|C
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery Sport|Land Rover Discovery Sport]] ('15-'26)
|-
|D
|[[w:Land Rover Defender#North American Specification (NAS) Defenders|Land Rover Defender]] ('93-'95, '97) 
|-
|E
|[[w:Land Rover Defender (L663)|Land Rover Defender (L663)]] ('20-)
|-
|F
|[[w:Land Rover Freelander#Freelander 2 (L359; 2006–2015)|Land Rover LR2]] ('08-'15)
|-
|G 
|[[w:Range Rover (L405)|Land Rover Range Rover (L405)]] (4th gen.) ('13-'22)
|-
|H 
|[[w:Range Rover Classic|Land Rover Range Rover/Range Rover Classic]] (1st gen.) ('87-'95)
|-
|J 
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery#First &amp; Second generation Discovery|Land Rover Discovery]] ('94-'98 &amp; '99 Discovery SD)
|-
|K 
|[[w:Range Rover (L460)|Land Rover Range Rover (L460)]] (5th gen.) (Mid '22-)
|-
|M 
|[[w:Range Rover (L322)|Land Rover Range Rover (L322)]] (3rd gen.) ('03-'12)
|-
|N
|[[w:Land Rover Freelander#Freelander in North America|Land Rover Freelander]] ('02-'05)
|-
|P 
|[[w:Range Rover (P38A)|Land Rover Range Rover (P38A)]] (2nd gen.) ('95-'02)
|-
|R
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery#Fifth generation Discovery (L462; 2017–present)|Land Rover Discovery]] ('17-)
|-
|S 
|[[w:Range Rover Sport#First generation (L320; 2005)|Land Rover Range Rover Sport]] (1st gen.) ('06-'13)
|-
|T 
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery#Discovery Series II (L318; 1998–2004)|Land Rover Discovery Series II]] ('99-'04)
|-
|V 
|[[w:Range Rover Evoque#First generation (L538; 2011)|Land Rover Range Rover Evoque]] (1st gen.) ('12-'19)
|-
|W 
|[[w:Range Rover Sport#Second generation (L494; 2013)|Land Rover Range Rover Sport]] (2nd gen.) ('14-'22)
|-
|Y 
|[[w:Range Rover Velar|Land Rover Range Rover Velar]] (1st gen.) ('18-)
|-
|Z 
|[[w:Range Rover Evoque#Second generation (L551; 2018)|Land Rover Range Rover Evoque]] (2nd gen.) ('20-)
|-
|1 
|[[w:Range Rover Sport#Third generation (L461; 2022)|Land Rover Range Rover Sport]] (3rd gen.) ('23-)
|-
|}

===Model Series/GVWR 1987-2000===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 5
!VIN code
!Series
!GVWR
|-
|V (following H)
|Range Rover 100&quot; wheelbase (1st gen.)
|Class E
|-
|E (following H)
|Range Rover 100&quot; wheelbase (CA emissions) (1st gen.) ('95)
|Class E
|-
|C (following H)
|Range Rover LWB 108&quot; wheelbase (1st gen.)
|Class E
|-
|F (following H)
|Range Rover LWB 108&quot; wheelbase (CA emissions) (1st gen.) ('95)
|Class E
|-
|H (following D)
|Defender 110 ('93)
|Class E
|-
|V (following D)
|Defender 90 ('94-'95, '97)
|Class E
|-
|X (following D)
|Defender 90 (CA emissions) ('95)
|Class E
|-
|Y (following J)
|Discovery ('94-'98 &amp; '99 Discovery SD)
|Class E
|-
|N (following J)
|Discovery (CA emissions) ('95-'96)
|Class E
|-
|Y (following T)
|Discovery Series II ('99-'00)
|Class E
|-
|V (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) ('95-'98)
|Class E
|-
|E (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) (CA emissions) ('95-'96)
|Class E
|-
|A (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) (GEMS engine management) (Early '99)
|Class E
|-
|V (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) (Bosch engine management) ('99-'00)
|Class E
|-
|C (following P)
|Range Rover 4.6 HSE Callaway Edition (2nd gen.) (Callaway-modified engine) ('99)
|Class E
|-
|}

===Model Series/Trim Level/GVWR 2001-2009===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 5
!VIN code
!Series
!GVWR
|-
|M (following N)
|Freelander S ('02-'03)
|Class C
|-
|Y (following N)
|Freelander SE ('02-'05), SE3 ('03-'05)
|Class C
|-
|E (following N)
|Freelander HSE ('02-'04)
|Class C
|-
|P (following F)
|LR2 SE ('08)
|Class D
|-
|S (following F)
|LR2 SE w/Technology Pkg. ('08)
|Class D
|-
|R (following F)
|LR2 HSE ('08-'09)
|Class D
|-
|T (following F)
|LR2 HSE w/Technology Pkg. ('08-'09)
|Class D
|-
|L (following T)
|Discovery Series II SD ('01-'02), S ('03-'04)
|Class E
|-
|K (following T)
|Discovery Series II SD7 ('01-'02), S7 ('03-'04)
|Class E
|-
|Y (following T)
|Discovery Series II SE ('01-'04)
|Class E
|-
|W (following T)
|Discovery Series II SE7 ('01-'04)
|Class E
|-
|H (following T)
|Discovery Series II LE ('01)
|Class E
|-
|J (following T)
|Discovery Series II LE7 ('01)
|Class E
|-
|P (following T)
|Discovery Series II HSE ('03-'04)
|Class E
|-
|R (following T)
|Discovery Series II HSE7 ('03-'04)
|Class E
|-
|A (following A)
|LR3 SE ('05)
|Class F
|-
|B (following A)
|LR3 base model w/2 rows of seats ('06, '09)
|Class F
|-
|C (following A)
|LR3 base model w/3 rows of seats ('06, '09)
|Class F
|-
|D (following A)
|LR3 SE w/2 rows of seats ('05-'07, Canada only: '08-'09)
|Class F
|-
|E (following A)
|LR3 SE w/3 rows of seats ('05-'08, Canada only: '09)
|Class F
|-
|F (following A)
|LR3 HSE w/2 rows of seats ('05, ['08 - Canada only], '09)
|Class F
|-
|G (following A)
|LR3 HSE w/3 rows of seats ('05-'09)
|Class F
|-
|H (following A)
|LR3 HSE Lux w/2 rows of seats ('09)
|Class F
|-
|K (following A)
|LR3 HSE Lux w/3 rows of seats ('09)
|Class F
|-
|D (following S)
|Range Rover Sport (Spec 1) ('06)
|Class E
|-
|F (following S)
|Range Rover Sport HSE ('06-'09)
|Class E
|-
|K (following S)
|Range Rover Sport HSE w/Luxury Interior Pkg. ('07-'08), HSE w/Luxury Pkg. ('09)
|Class E
|-
|H (following S)
|Range Rover Sport Supercharged ('06-'09), Supercharged Ltd. Ed. ('08)
|Class E
|-
|L (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) 4.6 SE ('01)
|Class E
|-
|M (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) 4.6 HSE ('01-'02), Westminster Edition ('02)
|Class E
|-
|A (following M)
|Range Rover (3rd gen.) HSE '03 
|Class E
|-
|B (following M)
|Range Rover (3rd gen.) HSE '03 
|Class E
|-
|E (following M)
|Range Rover (3rd gen.) HSE '03-'09 
|Class E
|-
|F (following M)
|Range Rover (3rd gen.) HSE '03 
|Class E
|-
|F (following M)
|Range Rover (3rd gen.) HSE w/Luxury Interior Pkg. '04-'05 [Pos. 7 is 1] 
|Class E
|-
|F (following M)
|Range Rover (3rd gen.) HSE w/Luxury Interior Pkg. '06-'09 [Pos. 7 is 5] 
|Class E
|-
|F (following M)
|Range Rover (3rd gen.) Supercharged '06-'09 [Pos. 7 is 3] 
|Class E
|-
|H (following M)
|Range Rover (3rd gen.) Westminster Edition ('04-'06, '08), 20th Anniversary Edition ('07)
|Class E
|-
|P (following M)
|Range Rover (3rd gen.) Autobiography '09 [Pos. 7 is 3] 
|Class E
|-
|}

===Trim Level/Drive Wheels/GVWR/Restraint System (Position 5) 2010-===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 5
!VIN code
!Trim Level
!Drive Wheels
!GVWR
!Restraint System
|-
|J
|LR2 base model - Canada only: '14
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|N
|Range Rover Evoque Pure '12 (Canada only), '13-'15
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|P
|LR2 '10, LR2 base model - Canada only: '13,&lt;br&gt; LR2 SE - Canada only: '14,&lt;br&gt; LR2 base model '15, Discovery Sport SE '15-'19,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque Pure Plus '12-'15,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque SE, SE Premium '16-'19
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|C
|Range Rover Evoque Landmark Edition 4-d '18-'19 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 2]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|R
|LR2 base model (US only) '11-'14,&lt;br&gt; LR2 HSE (US &amp; Canada) '10-'15, LR2 HSE Plus '10,&lt;br&gt; Discovery Sport HSE '15-'18,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque Pure Premium '12-'15,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque HSE '16-'19
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|R
|Discovery Sport HSE '19, Landmark Edition '19 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|R
|Discovery Sport HSE Dynamic '19 [Pos. 7 is G]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|V
|Range Rover Evoque Prestige Premium '12-'14, Prestige '15
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|T
|LR2 HSE Lux '10-'15, Discovery Sport HSE Lux '15-'18,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque Dynamic Premium '12-'14,&lt;br&gt; Dynamic '15
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|T
|Discovery Sport HSE Luxury '19 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|T
|Discovery Sport HSE Luxury Dynamic '19 [Pos. 7 is G]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|D
|Range Rover Evoque HSE Dynamic '16-'19 [Pos. 6 is 2]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|D
|Range Rover Evoque HSE Dynamic 2-d '16 [Pos. 6 is 1]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|E
|Range Rover Evoque Autobiography '15-'19
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|C
|Range Rover Evoque SE Dynamic 2-d convertible '17-'19 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 5]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Head/Thorax Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|D
|Range Rover Evoque HSE Dynamic 2-d convertible '17-'19 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 5]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Head/Thorax Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|K
|Discovery Sport base model '20
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|J
|Discovery Sport S '20-25, Range Rover Evoque S '20-'26
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|P
|Discovery Sport SE '20-'23, Range Rover Evoque SE '20-'23
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|9
|Discovery Sport HSE '20
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|L
|Range Rover Evoque First Edition '20 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|T
|Discovery Sport R-Dynamic S '20-'23,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque R-Dynamic S '20-'23
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|L
|Discovery Sport R-Dynamic SE '20-'23,&lt;br&gt; Discovery Sport Dynamic SE '24-'25,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque R-Dynamic SE '21-'23,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque Dynamic SE '24-'26 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|L
|Discovery Sport Landmark Edition '26 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|L
|Range Rover Evoque R-Dynamic SE '20 [Pos. 7 is G]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|M
|Discovery Sport R-Dynamic HSE '20, Canada only: '21-'23,&lt;br&gt; Discovery Sport Dynamic HSE - Canada only: '24-'25,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque R-Dynamic HSE '20-'21,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque Dynamic HSE - Canada only: '24-'25
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|W
|Range Rover Evoque P250 Bronze Collection - &lt;br&gt; Canada only: '22-'23 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|W
|Range Rover Evoque P300 HST '22-'23 [Pos. 7 is G]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|V
|Range Rover Evoque P250 Hoxton Edition '26
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|1
|Range Rover Evoque P250 Autobiography - Canada only: '26
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags &amp; Driver's Knee Airbag
|-
|A
|Range Rover Velar base model '18-'19 [Pos. 8 is X]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|B
|Range Rover Velar S '18-'20
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Range Rover Velar S '21-'26
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|C
|Range Rover Velar SE - Canada only: '18
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Range Rover Velar R-Dynamic SE '18-'19
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|A
|Range Rover Velar R-Dynamic SE '19 (some early prod. w/340-hp engine) [Pos. 7 is F &amp; Pos. 8 is V]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|K
|Range Rover Velar R-Dynamic S '20
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Range Rover Velar R-Dynamic S '21-'23
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Range Rover Velar Dynamic SE '24-'26
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Range Rover Velar R-Dynamic HSE '18-'22, First Edition '18
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Velar HST '23
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Range Rover Velar Dynamic HSE '24-'25
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Velar Belgravia Edition '26,&lt;br&gt; Belgravia Edition Satin '26
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|1
|Range Rover Velar Autobiography '26
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|U
|Range Rover Velar SVAutobiography Dynamic '20
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|B
|LR4 base model w/2 rows of seats '10-'16
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|C
|LR4 base model w/3 rows of seats '10-'16
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|F
|LR4 HSE w/2 rows of seats - '10, Canada only: '13-'16
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|G
|LR4 HSE w/3 rows of seats '10-'16
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|LR4 HSE Plus w/2 rows of seats '10
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|LR4 HSE Plus w/3 rows of seats '10
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|K
|LR4 HSE Lux w/3 rows of seats '10-'16,&lt;br&gt; HSE Lux XXV Ltd. Ed. w/3 rows of seats '14
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|F
|Range Rover Sport HSE '10-'13,&lt;br&gt; HSE GT Limited Edition '11-'13
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|K
|Range Rover Sport HSE Luxury '10-'13
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|H
|Range Rover Sport Supercharged '10-'13,&lt;br&gt; Supercharged Limited Edition '13
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Range Rover Sport Autobiography '11-'13
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|G
|Discovery SE '17-'20, Range Rover Sport SE '14-'22
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|U
|Discovery Landmark Edition '20
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Discovery P300 S '21-'26 [Pos. 8 is X]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Discovery P360 S - Canada only: '21-'23 [Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery P300 R-Dynamic S '21-'23 [Pos. 8 is X]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery P360 R-Dynamic S '21-'23 [Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Discovery P300 Dynamic SE '24-'26 [Pos. 8 is X]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Discovery P360 Dynamic SE '24-'25, Canada only: '26 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Discovery P360 R-Dynamic HSE '21-'23,&lt;br&gt; P360 Dynamic HSE - Canada only: '24-'25
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Discovery P360 Metropolitan Edition '23-'25
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Discovery P360 Gemini Edition '26,&lt;br&gt; Discovery P360 Tempest Edition '26
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport HSE '14 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 7 is V or W]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport HSE '15, HSE Limited Edition '15 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 7 is V]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport HSE '16 [Pos. 7 is P, V, or K]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Discovery HSE '17-'20,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Sport HSE '17-'18 [Pos. 8 is V or K]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport HSE '19 [Pos. 8 is V or K or U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport HSE '20, HSE Silver Edition '21 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 8 is U or K]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport HSE Silver Edition '22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|H
|Discovery HSE Luxury '17
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery HSE Luxury '18-'20
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery First Edition '17
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover Sport HST '16 [Pos. 7 is P or V]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Sport HSE Dynamic '17-'19 [Pos. 8 is V]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover Sport HST Mid '19-'22
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport P400e HSE '20,&lt;br&gt; P400e HSE Silver Edition '21-'22 [Pos. 8 is Y]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Sport P400e Autobiography '20-'21 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 8 is Y]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport Supercharged '14 [Pos. 7 is E or T]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport Supercharged '15,&lt;br&gt; Supercharged Limited Edition '15 [Pos. 7 is T]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport Supercharged '16,&lt;br&gt; Supercharged Dynamic '16,&lt;br&gt; Supercharged Dynamic Limited Edition '16 [Pos. 7 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport Supercharged '17-'18,&lt;br&gt; Supercharged Dynamic '17-'19,&lt;br&gt; HSE Dynamic '20-'22 [Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Sport Autobiography '14 [Pos. 7 is E or T]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Sport Autobiography '15 [Pos. 7 is T]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Sport Autobiography '16 [Pos. 7 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Sport Autobiography '17, '19-'22,&lt;br&gt; Autobiography Dynamic '18 [Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|Z
|Range Rover Sport SVR '15-'22, SVR Carbon Edition '21-'22
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Range Rover Sport P360 S '25-'26
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Range Rover Sport P360 SE '23-'26
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Range Rover Sport P400 Dynamic S - Canada only: '23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Range Rover Sport Dynamic SE '23-'26
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Range Rover Sport P400 Dynamic HSE - &lt;br&gt; Canada only: '24-'26
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|1
|Range Rover Sport P440e Autobiography '23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Range Rover Sport P440e HSE Dynamic - Canada only: '23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|1
|Range Rover Sport P550e Autobiography '24-'26,&lt;br&gt; P530 Autobiography '25-'26
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Sport P530 First Edition '23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|Z
|Range Rover Sport P635 SV Edition One w/Obsidian Black or Flux Silver paint '24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|0
|Range Rover Sport P635 SV Edition One w/Carbon Bronze paint '24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|Z
|Range Rover Sport P635 SV Edition Two '25
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|Y
|Range Rover Sport P635 SV '26
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|0
|Range Rover Sport P635 SV Black '26
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|3
|Range Rover Sport P635 SV Carbon '26
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|E
|Range Rover HSE '10-'12 [Pos. 7 is D] 
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|F
|Range Rover HSE Luxury '10-'12 [Pos. 7 is D] 
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|F
|Range Rover Supercharged '10-'12 [Pos. 7 is E] 
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Range Rover Autobiography '10-'12 [Pos. 7 is E] 
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover (L405) base model '13-'22
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover HSE '13 [Pos. 7 is D] 
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover HSE '14 [Pos. 7 is V or W] 
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover HSE '15, HSE Limited Edition '15 [Pos. 7 is V] 
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover HSE '16 [Pos. 7 is P, V, or K] 
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover HSE '17-'19 [Pos. 8 is V or K] 
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover HSE '20 [Pos. 8 is U or K] 
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover HSE '21 [Pos. 8 is K] 
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover (L405) HSE Westminster Edition '21-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 8 is U] 
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover P400e HSE '20-'21 [Pos. 8 is Y]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover P400e Autobiography '20-'21 [Pos. 8 is Y]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover (L405) Supercharged SWB '13 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 7 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover (L405) Supercharged SWB '14,&lt;br&gt; Supercharged SWB Ebony Edition '14 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 2 &amp; Pos. 7 is E or T]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover (L405) Supercharged SWB '15,&lt;br&gt; Supercharged SWB Limited Edition '15 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 2 &amp; Pos. 7 is T]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover (L405) Supercharged SWB '16 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 2 &amp; Pos. 7 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover (L405) Supercharged SWB '17-'19,&lt;br&gt; P525 HSE SWB '20,&lt;br&gt; P525 HSE Westminster Edition SWB '21-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 2 &amp; Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover (L405) Autobiography SWB '13-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 2]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|U
|Range Rover Autobiography Fifty Edition SWB '21 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 2]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Range Rover (L405) SVAutobiography Dynamic '17-'22,&lt;br&gt; SVAutobiography Dynamic Black '21-'22 [Pos. 6 is 2]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover (L405) HSE LWB '15 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 3 &amp; Pos. 7 is V]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover (L405) Supercharged LWB '14 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 3 &amp; Pos. 7 is E or T]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover (L405) Supercharged LWB '15,&lt;br&gt; Supercharged LWB Limited Edition '15 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 3 &amp; Pos. 7 is T]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover (L405) Supercharged LWB '16 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 3 &amp; Pos. 7 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover (L405) Supercharged LWB '17-'19,&lt;br&gt; P525 HSE LWB '20,&lt;br&gt; P525 HSE Westminster Edition LWB '21-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 5 &amp; Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover (L405) Autobiography LWB '14-'15 [Pos. 6 is 3]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover (L405) Autobiography LWB '16 [Pos. 6 is 3]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover (L405) Autobiography LWB '17-'22 [Pos. 6 is 5]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Range Rover (L405) Autobiography Black LWB '14-'15 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 3]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|U
|Range Rover Autobiography Fifty Edition LWB '21 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 5]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Range Rover (L405) SVAutobiography LWB '16-'17 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 3]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Range Rover (L405) SVAutobiography LWB '18-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 5]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Range Rover (L460) SE '22-'26
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|1
|Range Rover (L460) Autobiography '22-'26
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover (L460) P530 First Edition '22-'23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|U
|Range Rover (L460) P530 SV '22-'23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|Z
|Range Rover (L460) P615 SV '24-'26
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|0
|Range Rover (L460) P615 SV Black '26
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|K
|Defender 90 base model '21-'22 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|K
|Defender 110 base model w/2 rows of seats '20-'23 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|K
|Defender 110 base model w/3 rows of seats '20-'23 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Defender 90 S '21-'25, Canada only: '26 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Defender 110 S w/2 rows of seats '20-'26 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Defender 110 S w/3 rows of seats '20-'26 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Defender 130 S w/3 rows of seats '23-'26 [Pos. 6 is F]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|Y
|Defender 90 X-Dynamic S '21-'22 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Defender 90 P400 SE '23 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Defender 110 P400 SE w/2 rows of seats '20-'23 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Defender 110 P500 SE w/2 rows of seats '24 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Defender 110 P400 SE w/3 rows of seats '20-'23 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Defender 130 P400 SE w/3 rows of seats '23 [Pos. 6 is F]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|2
|Defender 90 P400 X-Dynamic SE '22-'26,&lt;br&gt; Defender 90 X-Dynamic SE Sedona Red '26 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|2
|Defender 110 P400 X-Dynamic SE w/2 rows of seats '21-'26 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|2
|Defender 110 P500 X-Dynamic SE w/2 rows of seats '25-'26 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E &amp; Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|2
|Defender 110 P400 X-Dynamic SE w/3 rows of seats '21-'26 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|2
|Defender 130 P400 X-Dynamic SE w/3 rows of seats '23-'26 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is F]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|3
|Defender 90 X-Dynamic HSE '22 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|3
|Defender 110 X-Dynamic HSE w/2 rows of seats '21-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|3
|Defender 110 X-Dynamic HSE w/3 rows of seats '21-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 110 XS Edition w/2 rows of seats '22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 7 &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 110 XS Edition w/3 rows of seats '22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 90 75th Limited Edition '23 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 6 &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 110 75th Limited Edition w/2 rows of seats '23 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 7 &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 110 Sedona Red Edition w/2 rows of seats '25 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 7 &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 110 Trophy Edition w/2 rows of seats '26 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 7 &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 130 P400 Outbound w/2 rows of seats '24-'26 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is F &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Defender 90 First Edition '21 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|1
|Defender 110 First Edition w/2 rows of seats '20 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|1
|Defender 110 First Edition w/3 rows of seats '20 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Defender 130 First Edition w/3 rows of seats '23 [Pos. 6 is F]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|9
|Defender 110 HSE w/2 rows of seats '20 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|9
|Defender 110 HSE w/3 rows of seats '20 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|X
|Defender 90 X '21-'23, Canada only: '24 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|X
|Defender 110 X w/2 rows of seats '20-'26 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|X
|Defender 110 X w/3 rows of seats '20-'26 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|X
|Defender 130 X w/3 rows of seats '23-'26 [Pos. 6 is F]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|B
|Defender 90 P525 V8 '24 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 90 P525 V8 '22-'23, '25-'26,&lt;br&gt; P525 V8 Carpathian Edition '22-'24 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|B
|Defender 110 P525 V8 w/2 rows of seats '24 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E &amp; Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 110 P525 V8 w/2 rows of seats '22-'23, '25-'26,&lt;br&gt; P525 V8 Carpathian Edition w/2 rows of seats '22-'24,&lt;br&gt; P525 V8 Bond Edition w/2 rows of seats '22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E &amp; Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|B
|Defender 130 P500 V8 w/3 rows of seats '24 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is F &amp; Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 130 P500 V8 w/3 rows of seats '25-'26 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is F &amp; Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|Z
|Defender 110 P635 OCTA w/2 rows of seats '25-'26,&lt;br&gt; P635 OCTA Edition One w/2 rows of seats '25,&lt;br&gt; P635 OCTA Black w/2 rows of seats '26 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E &amp; Pos. 8 is 9]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|}

===Body Type===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 6
!VIN code
!Description
|-
|1
|4-door wagon (Range Rover '87-'12, Defender 110 '93, Discovery '94-'04)
|-
|1
|2-door soft top (Freelander SE3) ('03-'05)
|-
|1
|2-door wagon (Range Rover Evoque 2-d '12-'17)
|-
|2
|2-door soft top (Defender 90) ('94-'95, '97)
|-
|2
|4-door wagon (Freelander) ('02-'05)
|-
|2
|4-door wagon (LR2 '08-'15, Discovery Sport '15-'26, Range Rover Evoque 4-d '12-, LR3 '05-'09, LR4 '10-'16, Discovery '18-, Range Rover Sport '06-'22, Range Rover Sport P400e '20, Range Rover SWB (L405) '13-'22, Range Rover Velar '18-)
|-
|3
|2-door wagon (Defender 90) ('95, '97)
|-
|3
|4-door wagon LWB (Range Rover LWB '14-'16)
|-
|3
|4-door wagon LWB w/Class E GVWR (Range Rover SVAutobiography LWB '17)
|-
|4
|4-door wagon [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]] (Range Rover P400e '20-'21, Range Rover Sport P400e '21-Early '22)
|-
|5
|4-door wagon LWB w/Class F GVWR (Range Rover Supercharged LWB &amp; Autobiography LWB '17)
|-
|5
|4-door wagon LWB w/Class F GVWR (Range Rover LWB (L405) '18-'22)
|-
|5
|2-door convertible (Range Rover Evoque convertible '17-'19)
|-
|6
|2-door wagon (Defender 90 '21-)
|-
|7
|4-door wagon w/2 rows of seating (Defender 110 P300/P400 '20-)
|-
|9
|4-door wagon (Range Rover SWB (L460) '22-, Range Rover Sport '23-)
|-
|B
|4-door wagon (Discovery '17)
|-
|B
|4-door wagon LWB (Range Rover LWB (L460) '22-)
|-
|E
|4-door wagon w/3 rows of seating (Defender 110 P300/P400 w/opt. 3rd row '20-)
|-
|E
|4-door wagon w/2 rows of seating (Defender 110 V8 models '22-)
|-
|F
|4-door wagon w/extended length (Defender 130 '23-)
|}
SWB=Short-wheelbase, LWB=Long-wheelbase

===Engine Type (All Models 1987-2016 EXCEPT LR2, Discovery Sport, Range Rover Evoque)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 7
|-
! VIN !! Size !! Type !! Fuel !! Valvetrain !! Engine Family/Notes/Applications
|-
| 1 || 3.5L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||MPI. [[w:Rover V8 engine|(Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine]]. Land Rover Range Rover ('87-'88).
|-
| 1 || 4.4L || V8 || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Sequential MPI. Single VANOS (Intake VVT). BMW M62TUB44 engine. Land Rover Range Rover ('03-'05).
|-
| 2 || 3.9L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||MPI. (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover SWB ('89-'94), Range Rover County Classic [SWB] ('95), Defender 110 ('93),&lt;br&gt; Defender 90 ('94-'95), Discovery ('94-'95).
|-
| 2 || 4.0L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Sequential MPI. (3947 cc, actually 3.9L). (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. Land Rover Range Rover 4.0 SE ('95-'99),&lt;br&gt; Discovery ('96-'02), Defender 90 ('97).
|-
| 2 || 2.5L || 90° V6 || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Sequential MPI. VIS. [[w:Rover KV6 engine|Rover KV6 engine]]. Land Rover Freelander ('02-'05).
|-
| 3 || 4.2L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||MPI. (4275 cc, actually 4.3L). (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. Land Rover Range Rover County LWB ('93-'95).
|-
| 3 || 4.2L || V8 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Sequential MPI. Jaguar AJ33S engine. Land Rover Range Rover ('06-'09), Range Rover Sport ('06-'09).
|-
| 4 || 4.6L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Sequential MPI. (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. Land Rover Range Rover 4.6 HSE ('96-'99), Discovery ('03).
|-
| 4 || 4.0L || 60° V6 || Gas ||SOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 12 valve||Sequential MPI. Variable intake manifold. Ford Cologne V6 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover LR3 ('05-'07 &amp; also '08-'09 in Canada).
|-
| 5 || 4.0L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Sequential MPI. (3947 cc, actually 3.9L). (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. LEV.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover 4.0 SE ('00), Discovery ('00-'02).
|-
| 5 || 4.4L || V8 || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Sequential MPI. Continuously VCP (Intake VVT). Jaguar AJ41 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover LR3 ('05-'09), Range Rover ('06-'09), Range Rover Sport ('06-'09).
|-
| 6 || 4.6L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Sequential MPI. (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. LEV ('00-'02) or ULEV ('03).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover 4.6 HSE ('00-'02), 4.6 SE ('01), Discovery ('03).
|-
| 9 || 4.6L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Sequential MPI. (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. Land Rover Discovery ('04).
|-
| D || 5.0L || V8 || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). CPS (Intake VVL). VIS. Jaguar AJ133 engine (LR-V8).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover LR4 ('10-'13), Range Rover ('10-'13), Range Rover Sport ('10-'13).
|-
| E || 5.0L || V8 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ133S engine (LR-V8S).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('10-'16), Range Rover Sport ('10-'16).
|-
| K || 3.0L || 60° V6 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Diesel ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Common-rail Direct injection. Ford-PSA &quot;Lion&quot; AJD-V6 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover Td6 ('16), Range Rover Sport Td6 ('16).
|-
| P || 3.0L || 90° V6 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ126 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('16), Range Rover Sport ('16).
|-
| T || 5.0L || V8 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas/E85 ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Flex Fuel. Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ133S engine (LR-V8S).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('14-'15), Range Rover Sport ('14-'15).
|-
| V || 3.0L || 90° V6 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ126 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover LR4 ('14-'16), Range Rover ('14-'16), Range Rover Sport ('14-'16).
|-
| W || 3.0L || 90° V6 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas/E85 ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Flex Fuel. Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ126 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('14), Range Rover Sport ('14).
|}
VVT=Variable Valve Timing. VCP=Variable Camshaft Phasing. VCT=Variable Camshaft Timing. VIS=Variable Intake System. LEV=Low Emissions Vehicle. ULEV=Ultra-Low Emissions Vehicle. CPS=Cam Profile Switching. VVL=Variable Valve Lift.

===Transmission Type (LR2, Discovery Sport, Range Rover Evoque only 2008-2016)===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 7
!VIN code
!Description
|-
|4
|6-speed automatic (Aisin AWF21) (LR2 '08-'09)
|-
|B
|6-speed automatic (Aisin AWF21) (LR2 '10-'15, Range Rover Evoque '12-'13)
|-
|B
|9-speed automatic (ZF 9HP) (Discovery Sport '15-'16, Range Rover Evoque '14-'16)
|}

===Transmission Type (All models 2017)===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 7
!VIN code
!Description
|-
|B
|8-speed automatic (ZF 8HP) (Discovery '17)
|-
|B
|9-speed automatic (ZF 9HP) (Discovery Sport '17, Range Rover Evoque '17)
|-
|F
|8-speed automatic (ZF 8HP) (Range Rover '17, Range Rover Sport '17)
|}

===Transmission Type (All Models 1987-2016 EXCEPT LR2, Discovery Sport, Range Rover Evoque)===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 8
!VIN code
!Description
|-
|2
|5-speed automatic [manual shift mode: Steptronic or CommandShift] (Jatco JF506E) (Freelander '02-'05)
|-
|4
|4-speed automatic (ZF 4HP22 or w/4.6L V8: 4HP24) (Range Rover '87-'02, Discovery '94-'04, Defender 90 '97)
|-
|4
|5-speed automatic (ZF 5HP24) (Range Rover '03-'05)
|-
|4
|6-speed automatic (ZF 6HP26X) (LR3 '05-'09, Range Rover '06-'09, Range Rover Sport '06-'09)
|-
|4
|6-speed automatic (ZF 6HP28X) (LR4 '10-'13, Range Rover '10-'12, Range Rover Sport '10-'13)
|-
|6
|8-speed automatic (ZF 8HP) (LR4 '14-'16)
|-
|8
|5-speed manual (Defender 110 '93, Defender 90 '94-'95, Discovery '94-'97)
|-
|F
|8-speed automatic (ZF 8HP) (Range Rover '13-'16, Range Rover Sport '14-'16)
|}
All are LHD (Left-hand drive).

===Engine Type (LR2, Discovery Sport, Range Rover Evoque only 2008-2016)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 8
|-
! VIN !! Size !! Type !! Fuel !! Valvetrain !! Engine Family/Notes/Applications
|-
| G || 2.0L || I4 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 16 valve||Direct Injection. Dual VVT. Ford EcoBoost engine (Mazda L engine-based).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover LR2 ('13-'15), Discovery Sport ('15-'16), Range Rover Evoque ('12-'16).
|-
| N || 3.2L || I6 || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||MPI. VCT (Intake VVT). CPS (Intake VVL). VIS. [[w:Volvo SI6 engine#B6324S5|Volvo SI6 engine - B6324S5]]. Land Rover LR2 ('08-'12).
|-
|}
VCT=Variable Cam Timing. VVT=Variable Valve Timing. CPS=Cam Profile Switching. VVL=Variable Valve Lift. VIS=Variable Intake System.

===Engine Type (All models 2017 only)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 8
|-
! VIN !! Size !! Type !! Fuel !! Valvetrain !! Engine Family/Notes/Applications
|-
| E || 5.0L || V8 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ133S engine (LR-V8S).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('17), Range Rover Sport ('17).
|-
| G || 2.0L || I4 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 16 valve||Direct Injection. Dual VVT. Ford EcoBoost engine (Mazda L engine-based).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery Sport ('17), Range Rover Evoque ('17).
|-
| K || 3.0L || 60° V6 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Diesel ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Common-rail Direct injection. Ford-PSA &quot;Lion&quot; AJD-V6 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery Td6 ('17), Range Rover Td6 ('17), Range Rover Sport Td6 ('17).
|-
| V || 3.0L || 90° V6 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ126 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery ('17), Range Rover ('17), Range Rover Sport ('17).
|}

==Engine 2018-==
===Engine Variant (All models 2018-)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 7
|-
! VIN !! Power Level/Engine !! Transmission !! Model
|-
|R (followed by X)
|237 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Discovery Sport ('18), Range Rover Evoque ('18-'19)
|-
|S (followed by X)
|286 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Discovery Sport ('18), Range Rover Evoque ('18-'19)
|-
|F (followed by X)
|237 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Discovery Sport ('19)
|-
|G (followed by X)
|286 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Discovery Sport ('19), Discovery Sport P290 ('20)
|-
|F (followed by X)
|246 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Discovery Sport P250 ('20-'26), Range Rover Evoque S/SE/1st Edition ('20),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque P250 ('21-'26)
|-
|G (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Range Rover Evoque R-Dynamic S/SE/HSE ('20),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque P300 HST ('22-'23)
|-
|R (followed by X)
|247 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar ('18)
|-
|E (followed by X)
|247 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P250 ('19-'26)
|-
|F (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P300 (Canada only: '19-'20)
|-
|R (followed by N)
|180 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbodiesel I4
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar ('18)
|-
|E (followed by N)
|180 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbodiesel I4
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar D180 ('19)
|-
|R (followed by V)
|380 hp 3.0L AJ126 supercharged V6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar ('18)
|-
|F (followed by V)
|340 hp 3.0L AJ126 supercharged V6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P340 ('19-'20)
|-
|E (followed by V)
|380 hp 3.0L AJ126 supercharged V6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P380 ('19-'20)
|-
|E (followed by U)
|335 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P340 ('21-'23, Canada only: '24-'26)
|-
|F (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P400 R-Dynamic HSE ('21-'22), &lt;br&gt; Range Rover Velar P400 HST ('23), &lt;br&gt; Range Rover Velar P400 Dynamic SE/HSE ('24-'25), &lt;br&gt; Range Rover Velar P400 Dynamic SE/Autobiography/Belgravia Ed. ('26)
|-
|E (followed by E)
|550 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar SVAutobiography Dynamic ('20)
|-
|R (followed by V)
|340 hp 3.0L AJ126 supercharged V6
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery ('18-'20), Range Rover Sport SE/HSE ('18-'19), Range Rover ('18-'19)
|-
|R (followed by K)
|254 hp 3.0L &quot;Lion&quot; AJD-V6 turbodiesel V6
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery Td6 ('18-'20), Range Rover Sport Td6 ('18-'21), Range Rover Td6 ('18-'21)
|-
|R (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery P300 ('21)
|-
|R (followed by U)
|355 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery P360 ('21)
|-
|E (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery P300 ('22-'24)
|-
|F (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery P300 ('25-'26)
|-
|E (followed by U)
|355 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery P360 ('22-'26)
|-
|S (followed by V)
|380 hp 3.0L AJ126 supercharged V6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport HSE Dynamic ('18-'19), Range Rover HSE ('18-'19)
|-
|R (followed by U)
|355 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport SE/HSE (Mid '19)
|-
|S (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport HST (Mid '19)
|-
|S (followed by U)
|355 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P360 SE/HSE ('20),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Sport P360 SE/HSE Silver ('21-'22), Range Rover (L405) P360 ('20-'22)
|-
|R (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P400 HST ('20-'22), Range Rover P400 HSE ('20),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover (L405) P400 HSE Westminster ('21-'22)
|-
|R (followed by Y)
|398 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4 + 1 motor &lt;br&gt; Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]]
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P400e ('20-'22), Range Rover P400e ('20-'21)
|-
|R (followed by E)
|518 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport ('18-'19), Range Rover ('18-'19)
|-
|S (followed by E)
|575 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport SVR ('18-'19)
|-
|S (followed by E)
|557 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover SVAutobiography Dynamic, SVAutobiography LWB ('18-'19)
|-
|S (followed by E)
|518 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P525 ('20-'22), Range Rover (L405) P525 ('20-'22)
|-
|R (followed by E)
|575 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport SVR ('20-'22)
|-
|R (followed by E)
|557 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover (L405) SVAutobiography Dynamic, SVAutobiography LWB ('20-'22)
|-
|E (followed by U)
|355 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P360 ('23-'26)
|-
|F (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P400 ('23-'26), &lt;br&gt; Range Rover (L460) P400 SE ('22-'26)
|-
|E (followed by 4)
|434 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6 + 1 motor &lt;br&gt; Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]]
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P440e ('23)
|-
|F (followed by 4)
|434 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6 + 1 motor &lt;br&gt; Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]]
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover P440e ('23)
|-
|E (followed by 4)
|454 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6 + 1 motor &lt;br&gt; Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]]
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P460e ('25-'26)
|-
|F (followed by 4)
|542 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6 + 1 motor &lt;br&gt; Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]]
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P550e ('24-'26), Range Rover P550e ('24-'26)
|-
|E (followed by 7)
|523 hp 4.4L BMW N63 (JLR NC10)&lt;br&gt; twin-turbo V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P530 ('23), &lt;br&gt; Range Rover (L460) P530 ('22-'23)
|-
|F (followed by 9)
|626 hp 4.4L BMW S68 (JLR NC11)&lt;br&gt; twin-turbo V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P635 SV Edition One ('24),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Sport P635 SV Edition Two ('25), Range Rover Sport P635 SV ('26)
|-
|E (followed by 9)
|523 hp 4.4L BMW S68 (JLR NC11)&lt;br&gt; twin-turbo V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover (L460) P530 ('24-'26), Range Rover Sport P530 ('25-'26)
|-
|F (followed by 9)
|606 hp 4.4L BMW S68 (JLR NC11)&lt;br&gt; twin-turbo V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover (L460) P615 SV ('24-'26)
|-
|E (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 110 P300 ('20)
|-
|E (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 110 P400 ('20)
|-
|R (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P300 ('21-'22), Defender 110 P300 ('21-'22)
|-
|R (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P400 ('21-'22), Defender 110 P400 ('21-'22)
|-
|R (followed by E)
|518 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P525 ('22), Defender 110 P525 ('22)
|-
|E (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P300 ('23-'25, Canada only: '26), Defender 110 P300 ('23-'26)
|-
|E (followed by U)
|296 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 130 P300 S ('23) [Pos. 5 is J]
|-
|F (followed by U)
|296 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 130 P300 S ('24-'26) 
|-
|E (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P400 ('23-'26), Defender 110 P400 ('23-'26), Defender 130 P400 ('23-'26)
|-
|F (followed by E)
|493 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 110 P500 ('24-'26), Defender 130 P500 ('24-'26)
|-
|E (followed by E)
|518 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P525 ('23-'26), Defender 110 P525 ('23-'26)
|-
|E (followed by 9)
|626 hp 4.4L BMW S68 (JLR NC11)&lt;br&gt; twin-turbo V8
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 110 P635 OCTA ('25-'26)
|}

===Engine Type (All models 2018-)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 8
|-
! VIN !! Size !! Type !! Fuel !! Valvetrain !! Engine Family/Notes/Applications
|-
| E || 5.0L || V8 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ133S engine (LR-V8S).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('18-'22), Range Rover Sport ('18-'22),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Velar SVAutobiography Dynamic ('20), Defender V8 ('22-'26).
|-
| K || 3.0L || 60° V6 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Diesel ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Common-rail Direct injection. Ford-PSA &quot;Lion&quot; AJD-V6 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery Td6 ('18-'20), Range Rover Td6 ('18-'21), Range Rover Sport Td6 ('18-'21).
|-
| N || 2.0L || I4 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Diesel || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 16 valve||Common-rail Direct Injection. Exhaust VVT. JLR Ingenium AJ20D engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover Velar ('18-'19)
|-
| U || 3.0L || I6 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||48v Mild Hybrid. E-supercharger. Direct Injection. Dual VVT.  CVVL (Intake VVL).&lt;br&gt; JLR Ingenium AJ20P6/AJ300P engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery ('21-), Range Rover ('20-), Range Rover Sport (Mid '19-), Range Rover Velar ('21-), Defender ('20-).
|-
| V || 3.0L || 90° V6 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ126 engine. Land Rover Discovery ('18-'20),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover ('18-'19), Range Rover Sport ('18-Mid '19), Range Rover Velar ('18-'20).
|-
| X || 2.0L || I4 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 16 valve||Direct Injection. Dual VVT. CVVL (Intake VVL). JLR Ingenium AJ20P4/AJ200P engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery Sport ('18-'26), Range Rover Evoque ('18-), Range Rover Velar ('18-), Defender ('20-'26), Discovery ('21-).
|-
| Y || 2.0L || I4 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]] || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 16 valve||Direct Injection. Dual VVT. CVVL (Intake VVL). JLR Ingenium AJ20P4/AJ200P engine + 1 Front motor.&lt;br&gt; 12.4 kWh Lithium-ion Battery Pack.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover P400e ('20-'21), Range Rover Sport P400e ('20-Early '22).
|-
| 4 || 3.0L || I6 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]] || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||E-supercharger. Direct Injection. Dual VVT. CVVL (Intake VVL).&lt;br&gt; JLR Ingenium AJ20P6/AJ300P engine + 1 Front motor. 31.8 kWh Lithium-ion Battery Pack.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover P440e ('23), P550e ('24-); Range Rover Sport P440e ('23), P460e ('25-), P550e ('24-).
|-
| 7 || 4.4L || V8 Twin Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Direct Injection. Dual VVT (Double VANOS). Valvetronic (Intake VVL). BMW N63B44T3 [N63TU3] engine [JLR NC10-P8H]. Land Rover Range Rover [L460] ('22-'23), Range Rover Sport ('23).
|-
| 9 || 4.4L || V8 Twin Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||48v Mild Hybrid. Direct Injection. Dual VVT (Double VANOS). Valvetronic (Intake VVL). BMW S68B44TO [S68B44A] engine [JLR NC11-P8S]. Land Rover Range Rover [L460] ('24-), Range Rover Sport ('24-),&lt;br&gt; Defender Octa ('25-).
|-
|}
CVVL=Continuously Variable Valve Lift.

==Check Digit/Gearbox (Position 9)==
* USA /Canada [[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Check digit|Check digit]]

==Model Year Code (Position 10)==
''See: [[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Model year]]''

==Plant Codes (Position 11)==
* A - Solihull, West Midlands, England, UK
* H - Halewood, Merseyside, England, UK
* 2 - Nitra, Slovakia

==External links==
* [http://www.clifton.nl/calvin.html CalVIN, the on-line free Land Rover VIN CALculator]
* [http://www.fourfold.org/LR_FAQ Land Rover FAQ archive]
* [http://www.vindecoderz.com/EN/Land%20Rover Land Rover VIN decoder]


{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>9axsmke9llmpbo7ai8bkl7aj29bj860</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wikibooks:Reading room/Proposals</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>155682</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4680008</id>
      <parentid>4679811</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-04T17:06:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>~2026-58643-30</username>
        <id>3630415</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4680008</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="34933" sha1="04pemhbzs0rngzp1vmgxdj7n44d7x8c" xml:space="preserve">__NEWSECTIONLINK__ {{Discussion Rooms}} {{Shortcut|WB:RFC|WB:PROPOSALS}} {{TOC left&lt;!--|limit=2--&gt;}}

Welcome to the '''Proposals reading room'''. On this page, Wikibookians are free to talk about suggestions for improving Wikibooks.
{{Sockpuppeteer|time=}}
{{User:MiszaBot/config
|archive = Wikibooks:Reading room/Proposals/%(year)d/%(monthname)s
|algo = old(120d)
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{{clear}}
&lt;!--Take threads to archive below this line--&gt;
&lt;!--Add new threads to bottom of page--&gt;

== New gadget to browse subpages ==

Hi all! I developed a gadget to easily browse subpages through a collapsible menu, that I think might be useful in Wikibooks. Here's a little demo video:

[[File:Subpages_gadget_demo.webm|frameless]]

To test it yourself, add the following to [[Special:MyPage/common.js|your common.js]]:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;javascript&quot;&gt;
mw.loader.load( '//www.mediawiki.org/w/load.php?modules=ext.gadget.Global-Subpages' );
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

If you find it useful, I can enable it as a gadget to make it generally available from the preferences. Thoughts? Cheers! [[User:Sophivorus|Sophivorus]] ([[User talk:Sophivorus|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Sophivorus|contribs]]) 16:02, 2 July 2026 (UTC)

:Wikibooks relies heavily on subpages, so this is a nice addition. Merci. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 16:43, 2 July 2026 (UTC)
:This could be extremely useful for books here!! I'll note, though, that it doesn't work quite right with the vector legacy skin (what I use). —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 01:20, 3 July 2026 (UTC)
: @[[User:Sophivorus|Sophivorus]] I will be the one in charge installing this as a gadget since there is no objection, but what dependecies does this gadget need to use? You might also want to read Kittycataclysm's suggestion above. ''Muchos saludos''. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0024FF&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 23:08, 9 July 2026 (UTC)
::@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]] Hi! I just fixed the issue with Vector legacy and also for other skins. Regarding dependencies, this gadget requires &lt;code&gt;mediawiki.api&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;@wikimedia/codex&lt;/code&gt;. If you want to take care of the installation, please do not copy-paste the source code, but rather load the global version using &lt;code&gt;mw.loader.load( '//www.mediawiki.org/w/load.php?modules=ext.gadget.Global-Subpages' );&lt;/code&gt;, like other [[mw:Global gadgets|global gadgets]]. Thanks! [[User:Sophivorus|Sophivorus]] ([[User talk:Sophivorus|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Sophivorus|contribs]]) 14:22, 22 July 2026 (UTC)
::: I put the code on the gadgets definition page @[[User:Sophivorus|Sophivorus]], but feel free to fix what I placed. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 21:45, 22 July 2026 (UTC)
::::Just checking in here—was this resolved/completed? I see [[MediaWiki:Gadget-Subpages.js]], and I assume everything is now taken care of in terms of WB-wide installation? —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 16:14, 30 October 2026 (UTC)
::::: This was already resolved, feel free to close this. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:09, 30 October 2026 (UTC)

== Breadcrumbs in the title ==

Hi! I think breadcrumbs would be more intuitive, compact and cleaner if they were integrated into the title rather than below it, like so:

&lt;gallery&gt;
Wikisource breadcrumbs proposal (before).png|Current breadcrumbs
Wikisource breadcrumbs proposal (after).png|Proposed breadcrumbs
&lt;/gallery&gt;

What do you think? [[User:Sophivorus|Sophivorus]] ([[User talk:Sophivorus|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Sophivorus|contribs]]) 16:02, 17 August 2026 (UTC)

:I appreciate the effort, but I don't see a big difference or that one would be more usable than another. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 19:14, 17 August 2026 (UTC)

:I like proposal and I think it would be an improvement. Having the breadcrumbs twice, as in the current system, creates a redundant ui element. I also think the formatting around the forward slashes in the &quot;new&quot; version better conveys that they have specific technical meaning and are not part of the name of the page. --[[User:JCrue|JCrue]] ([[User talk:JCrue|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/JCrue|contribs]]) 14:52, 7 October 2026 (UTC)

== Approve [[Wikibooks:CheckUser]] as a local policy? ==
Some of the text was based off of the global CheckUser policy, but in this case, should we approve [[Wikibooks:CheckUser]] as a local policy? There is a special clause allowing stewards to perform checks even during non-emergency situations (as set in [[Wikibooks:Global rights policy]]). I have yet to include a part where users may request CU checks. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 21:55, 13 September 2026 (UTC)

:I'm somewhat just unsure on what the benefit of making this policy would be. Sure, there's strength in policy, of course. But this seems to be doing fine overall as an information page, no? It doesn't differ very much from the global CU policy, so I'm not sure that a page without any Wikibooks-specific information really benefits from policy status. [[User:EggRoll97|EggRoll97]] ([[User talk:EggRoll97|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/EggRoll97|contribs]]) 00:22, 14 September 2026 (UTC)
:I would {{support}} this. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 00:26, 20 September 2026 (UTC)

== FlaggedRevs again ==
{{closed|[[phab:T440519]] was done, sending FlaggedRevs down to the void. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:52, 27 October 2026 (UTC)}}
&lt;div class=&quot;cd-moveMark&quot;&gt;''Moved from [[Wikibooks:Reading room/General#FlaggedRevs again]].  [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:01, 1 October 2026 (UTC)''&lt;/div&gt;
Hi all. I already know there were various topics over the years about this subject, but I was considering for the project on whether we should remove this extension from this project, and go back to using MediaWiki's page patrol system.

Currently, there is a backlog of more than 3000 unreviewed edits (some going back as far as a few years ago); that’s why I started this discussion here.

{{collapse top}}
* &lt;code&gt;autoreview&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;editor&lt;/code&gt; would be &lt;code&gt;autopatrolled&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;patroller&lt;/code&gt;, respectively.
* &lt;code&gt;wgUseNPPatrol&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;wgUseFilePatrol&lt;/code&gt; would be re-enabled for English Wikibooks.
* &lt;code&gt;autopatrol&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;patrol&lt;/code&gt; would be re-assigned back to sysops and their respective user groups.
* &lt;code&gt;patroller&lt;/code&gt; would also have &lt;code&gt;rollback&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;suppressredirect&lt;/code&gt; and its rate limit untouched.
{{collapse bottom}}

Best, [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 12:56, 30 September 2026 (UTC)

:{{s}} the removal of FlaggedRevs. Inasmuch as the extension works at all, it works best when it is used selectively on projects like Wikipedia, for individual high-traffic pages with lots of watchers which are subject to vandalism or controversy. Wikibooks is not a good use case for this extension. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 15:51, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{s}} I don't see any way that backlog ever gets cleared, frankly, and if it isn't going to be cleared, we might as well go to something easier, which is the normal page patrol system, which works well off of [[Special:NewPages]] already. [[User:EggRoll97|EggRoll97]] ([[User talk:EggRoll97|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/EggRoll97|contribs]]) 00:31, 3 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{neutral}} - Wikibooks is not a good use case for this extension, and with 3000 unreviewed edits with no progress at all, it does make sense to remove it. On the other hand, there could be a WikiProject to review each of these edits. For this reason, I am voting neutral [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 13:41, 3 October 2026 (UTC)
:: There was the outdated [[Wikibooks:New page patrol]] before this project used FlaggedRevs. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:22, 3 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{support}} the removal of FlaggedRevs from Wikibooks. It's a redundant extension that's not useful in this wiki. --[[User:Agusbou2015|Agusbou2015]] ([[User talk:Agusbou2015|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Agusbou2015|contribs]]) 21:53, 3 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{Support}}. Several years ago I spent hundreds of hours trying to do the first review of every page. I managed to get all the root pages done but only got as far as &quot;E&quot; for the other pages. While I was doing this I stopped reviewing changes - and in that time over a 1,000 out of date pages were in the list. I concluded it was an impossible task unless lots of people joined in the work but that didn't happen and I doubt it ever will. I do think it has value for Wikijunior in showing the last reviewed page rather than the possibly offensively vandalised latest revision, but other than that it's a waste of time. At some point the extension will get fully deprecated and we'll be forced to stop using it anyway. [[User:MarcGarver|MarcGarver]] ([[User talk:MarcGarver|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MarcGarver|contribs]]) 09:53, 6 October 2026 (UTC)
:Will &lt;code&gt;patroller&lt;/code&gt; be granted automatically? [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 13:24, 6 October 2026 (UTC)
:: Unfortunately, no. Since we will stop using FlaggedRevs, the patroller user group will not be granted automatically and thus will have to be manually given out by administrators. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 13:46, 6 October 2026 (UTC)
:::@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]]: And are we planning on giving back the &lt;code&gt;patroller&lt;/code&gt; right to existing reviewers? Or will they have to manually reapply? [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 02:30, 8 October 2026 (UTC)
:::: I have a plan: any former reviewer who has been active recently in the past two years will have patroller rights. This will be done to reduce a huge amount of inactive former reviewers. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 12:26, 8 October 2026 (UTC)
::::Keep the name the same; just remove the reviewer right. After all, patrolling is a form of reviewing. [[User:Leaderboard|Leaderboard]] ([[User talk:Leaderboard|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Leaderboard|contribs]]) 18:52, 8 October 2026 (UTC)
::::: Do we have to use the term {{tq|reviewing}} instead of {{tq|patrolling}}? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:57, 8 October 2026 (UTC)
:::{{ping|Codename Noreste}} Is there a reason that we should not simply give the reviewer group the &lt;code&gt;patrol&lt;/code&gt; right, and keep the auto-granting going? [[Wikibooks:Reviewers#Automatic criteria]] does not appear to be FlaggedRevs-specific, so auto-promotion should still be able to continue even without FlaggedRevs, and reviewers could simply become patrollers (in the technical sense). [[User:EggRoll97|EggRoll97]] ([[User talk:EggRoll97|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/EggRoll97|contribs]]) 07:55, 10 October 2026 (UTC)
:::: I believe that would require some additional code on InitialiseSettings.php, and as for &lt;code&gt;reviewer&lt;/code&gt;, I'm not sure we should still use that user group term over &lt;code&gt;patroller&lt;/code&gt; as per the point {{tq|Special groups on small wikis}} on [[m:Limits to configuration changes]]. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 13:58, 10 October 2026 (UTC)
: If you take a look at the extended content, I also included what I also proposed too. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:19, 6 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{comment}}. The [[mw:Extension:FlaggedRevs|FlaggedRevs extension]] is not recommended for production use, per Mediawiki. On this basis alone we should discontinue use of it. However, we haven't determined if page patrolling is the best replacement. There are [[mw:Content approval extensions|alternative extensions]] and the mediawiki page for FlaggedRevs specifically recommends [[mw:Extension:Approved Revs|'''Approved Revs extension''']]. We should determine which of page patrolling or these extensions is the most appropriate antivandalism tool first. (after all, according to [[Help:Tracking_changes#Reviewing_pages]], the purpose of FlaggedRevs is to be &quot;our primary counter-vandalism tool&quot;). --[[User:JCrue|JCrue]] ([[User talk:JCrue|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/JCrue|contribs]]) 14:48, 7 October 2026 (UTC)
:: Approved Revs would require significant testing and approval per [[mw:Writing an extension for deployment]]. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 16:35, 7 October 2026 (UTC)
{{end closed}}

== Disable (some) page creation by temporary accounts ==
{{tracked|T443449}}
Creating a new book, or adding a chapter to an existing book, is a significant action, and users performing this action should be available to discuss it. Additionally, in practice, most page creations by temp accounts are out of scope, if not outright vandalism. (See https://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&amp;type=create for some examples.)

As such, I'd like to propose that the wiki require a registered account to create pages in any non-talk namespace. Temporary accounts will still be able to edit existing pages, or to create talk pages to start discussions. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 18:48, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
: From a technical point of view, this would require moving &lt;code&gt;createpage&lt;/code&gt; from unregistered users (&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;) to registered users (&lt;code&gt;user&lt;/code&gt;), but that would mean every non-registered user may not be able to create pages in every namespace, but talk pages.
: Another solution would be to add [[mw:Extension:ArticleCreationWorkflow]] to this project, but we don't have a system to create drafts (or similar).
: And a final solution would be to create an edit filter disallowing unregistered users from creating pages in mainspace. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:43, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
:: Just to note, please read the first point of [[m:Limits to configuration changes#Changes that are likely to be declined]] (Disable non-autoconfirmed page creation). [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:50, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
:::What I'm proposing is that we require a registered account for page creation, not autoconfirmed. enwiki (as well as a few other wikis) already use this configuration - it's not new. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 19:58, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
:::: Okay, but I provided some alternatives above. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 20:06, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
: In that case, I have no objections here. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:03, 6 October 2026 (UTC)
:I would propose the use of autoconfirmed, to better patrol new pages that are being created. There are countless advertisement pages being created on Wikibooks, usually in the user's userpage. The use of a registered account proposed by Omphalographer therefore may have some limitations. I agree with the proposal to make new pages strictly autoconfirmed. If a user wishes to create a page, there could be a feature for reviewers/patrollers to check such pages that are being created. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 13:36, 9 October 2026 (UTC)
:: You might want to read my point about limits to configuration changes. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 14:53, 9 October 2026 (UTC)
:Why turn off potential good contributors by telling them they must register AND log-in in order to contribute? The problem at Wikibooks right now is the dearth of contributions, not vandalism, I think (?). 
:* Anons are already precluded from editing pages that have been &quot;protected&quot; by admins. 
:* Anon user contributions are automatically marked for Review before they become public
:* There are less than 500 anon accounts that have contributed more than one edit to Wikibooks? 
:Is it really necessary to stop us from contributing to Wikibooks? [[Special:Contributions/~2026-40500-29|~2026-40500-29]] ([[User talk:~2026-40500-29|talk]]) 00:19, 10 October 2026 (UTC)
:: {{ping|~2026-40500-29}} The initial question was not whether registered accounts can contribute, it is whether temporary accounts can create pages. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 00:48, 10 October 2026 (UTC)
:::Isn't the creation of new pages a subset of potential contributions to Wikibooks? Are you saying that some members in good standing of this community are only allowed to correct obvious spelling and grammar mistakes by others? [[Special:Contributions/~2026-40500-29|~2026-40500-29]] ([[User talk:~2026-40500-29|talk]]) 19:23, 11 October 2026 (UTC)
::::That message was to {{comment}} that this discussion was about creating pages, not about whether anonymous users can contribute. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 07:22, 13 October 2026 (UTC)
:: @[[User:~2026-40500-29|~2026-40500-29]], is your response considered an objection? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:55, 27 October 2026 (UTC)
:Limiting page creation to registered users might reduce new spam/promotional/out of scope pages. I disagree with 2026-405000-29 that requiring account registration is unnecessarily burdensome for new editors. 
:I don't know where the number &lt;500 anon accounts have contributed more than one edit comes from and it seems unlikely to me: that would mean there have only been 23 anon editors per year since wikibooks was founded. Looking at Special:RecentChanges there seems to be four or five anon editors a day. 
:Overall I think it is a reasonable restriction. I can't speak to the technical aspects of this change (re configuration changes, vs. autoconfirmed patrolling, etc) but if it is easy to implement I support it. [[User:JCrue|JCrue]] ([[User talk:JCrue|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/JCrue|contribs]]) 10:13, 12 October 2026 (UTC)
::i think setting limitations to configuration changes would affect those who are unregistered users.anyway it is 
::a good idea though but let's think about it outside the box [[User:Luhesa Kahuma|Luhesa Kahuma]] ([[User talk:Luhesa Kahuma|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Luhesa Kahuma|contribs]]) 22:47, 30 October 2026 (UTC)
: I see consensus here to implement this change, but I will wait one more day before I implement the patch on Gerrit. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 22:02, 2 November 2026 (UTC)
:{{done|I filed [[phab:T443449]]}}. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 14:40, 3 November 2026 (UTC)

== Add inactivity policies for patrollers and uploaders? ==
I am proposing that we include inactivity policies for both patrollers and uploaders, which include no edits or logged actions for two years.

I previously proposed this for [now former] reviewers, but someone probably objected. Now, if their rights are removed for inactivity, they can request them back at [[WB:RFP]] (without prejudice), unless the rights were removed for cause (such as a vote of confidence).

Edit: Someone also proposed inactivity policies for importers (and possibly import uploaders too), which are sensitive permissions. I initially forgot to include that permission when creating this proposal, but now I am also proposing for importer permissions to have an inactivity policy.

Which procedure should we choose if we agree on the inactivity policy proposals? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 22:18, 18 October 2026 (UTC)
: {{Oppose}} - There is no need for inactivity policies for patrollers and uploaders, since there is no harm in keeping patrollers and uploaders in the current roles. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 00:09, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
:: I have to disagree here. Some larger projects have their own inactivity policies for patrollers, such as [[m:Meta:Patrollers#Removal of access]] on Meta-Wiki and [[w:en:WP:NPPREVOKE]] (new page reviewers on English Wikipedia, a similar permission). [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 00:34, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
::: CC to @[[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]], who was previously TechVindicator. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:01, 27 October 2026 (UTC)
:@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]]: I will say that it seems odd to propose these policies for patrollers and uploaders without proposing an equivalent for [[WB:importers|importers]], when that's arguably a far more sensitive role. I do at least support an inactivity policy for importers, and am as yet neutral vis-à-vis patrollers and uploaders. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 02:05, 21 October 2026 (UTC)
:: @[[User:JJPMaster|JJPMaster]] I've edited my proposal to also include both importers and import uploaders. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:29, 22 October 2026 (UTC)

== Approving [[Wikibooks:Outdated books]] as a policy ==
I created this draft policy two years ago, and would like to see whether the community is willing to approve it now. I have substituted it in its current form (00:16, 20 October 2026 (UTC)) below:
{{hidden archive top|Policy text}}

Sometimes, there will be a book that has a lot of information that was very useful at the time, but has become out of date over time. There are generally two procedures that can be followed here.

;For books that aren't up to date, but can be reasonably updated
This category applies to books that, for instance, have not been updated with new information in a few years, but where the subject still exists and new information can be found about it. In this scenario, you should add the {{tlx|Outdated}} tag to the top of the book, and post on its discussion page explaining what should be updated. Or, you can always just [[Wikibooks:Be bold|be bold]] and update it yourself!

;For books that cannot be reasonably updated
This category includes books that are so outdated that their subject either no longer exists, or has changed so much since the book was written that it is virtually unrecognizable, and it would be nearly impossible to update it satisfactorily. These books should generally not be deleted, as they do provide valuable information, but should not be easily accessible to readers looking for recent information. Here, the following instructions should be followed.

If the case is unambiguous:
# Add {{tlx|Archived}} to the top of the book. Doing this will also remove it from search engine indexes, unless you override this by using {{tlx|Archived|2=noindex=false}}.
# Move the book to a subpage of [[Wikibooks:Outdated books/Archive]].
# Replace the content of the redirect left behind after the move with {{tlx|Soft redirect|2=Wikibooks:Outdated books/Archive/&lt;book title&gt;}}.
# (''optional'') Inform the author(s) of the book of your decision.

If the case is ambiguous:

Follow these steps if there is any reasonable doubt about if the book can be updated.
# Follow the instructions at {{Section link|Wikibooks:Requests for deletion#Deletion}} to file a request. Make sure to note that the request is for archiving, not deletion.
# The proposal for archiving will be discussed.
# If consensus has been reached to archive the book, any uninvolved user may close the discussion and follow the instructions in {{Section link|#If the case is unambiguous}}. Otherwise, the book will remain as is.
{{hidden archive bottom}} [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 00:16, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
: I have a question, is there any difference if we approve this as a guideline (common sense) compared to as a policy? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 00:24, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
::@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]]: That would also be fine; I'm not exactly sure if the delineation between guidelines and policies on Wikibooks is as clearly defined as on Wikipedia. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 00:27, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
::: I would suggest approving this as a guideline should an experienced, yet uninvolved editor may use their judgment and common sense when dealing with outdated books. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 00:29, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
: {{support}} for approval as a guideline, as I said and mentioned above. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:45, 27 October 2026 (UTC)

== Wikibooks Magazine ==
I am proposing that we create a magazine quarterly, or bimonthly detailing latest news on Wikibooks (and maybe ''some'' current affairs, considering the shutdown of Wikinews, though this is unlikely).
&lt;br&gt;
If it were to be approved, it would be inspired by the WikiKids magazine in Dutch [https://wikikids.nl/Wikikids:Magazine/11 link], though with a Wikibooks feel. A user could propose something for the next Wikibooks Magazine on the talk page of [[Wikibooks:Magazine]], including ideas for the next Wikibooks magazine. It would be promoted on the front page (and maybe) on the MediaWiki Sitenotice, providing information about the next edition. On Wikikids, the project has been going on since 2024, and since then there have been 11 editions. What do you think?
[[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 00:20, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{Courtesy ping|Codename Noreste}} [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 00:36, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{Courtesy ping|JJPMaster}} [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 23:04, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
:I '''weak support''' a '''quarterly''' publication. There isn't a ton of activity here compared to many other &lt;abbr&gt;WMF&lt;/abbr&gt; wikis, so there won't be quite as much to report as there is at (e.g.) [[:w:en:WP:SIGNPOST]] or [[:wikt:en:WIktionary:The Headword]] but that said, having a publication could encourage engagement by showing what hard work others are doing. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 19:36, 21 October 2026 (UTC)
: Because of the low activity, should the releases be biannual (every six months)? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:29, 22 October 2026 (UTC)
::I would support a quarterly publication, given the fact that Wikibooks does not have enough traffic (in my opinion) to justify a bimonthly publication, but, at the same time, the idea of a biannual publication seems relatively infrequent. Furthermore, the magazine would follow the quarterly format used on WikiKids. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 03:47, 23 October 2026 (UTC)
: We can do that with [[Wikibooks:Magazine]]. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:00, 27 October 2026 (UTC)
::I will create a page about what the Wikibooks Magazine on the page provided, and the editions that will follow. [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 07:32, 28 October 2026 (UTC)

== Discussion on whether to create an extended mover user group ==
Currently, patrollers (formerly reviewers) have the &lt;code&gt;suppressredirect&lt;/code&gt; user right as well as a rate limit per InitialiseSettings.php. However, I am consulting with the community if we:
# Remove &lt;code&gt;suppressredirect&lt;/code&gt; from patrollers
# Add &lt;code&gt;suppressredirect&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;extendedmover&lt;/code&gt; as well as include &lt;code&gt;delete-redirect&lt;/code&gt; (for deleting redirects with a single revision) and &lt;code&gt;move-subpages&lt;/code&gt; (to move all subpages of a book in a single action)
# Also include &lt;code&gt;noratelimit&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;extendedmover&lt;/code&gt; instead of using a custom rate limit (optional), or increase the limit to 500
This is because, per the principle of least privilege, patrollers should be responsible for marking new pages as patrolled and reverting vandalism/spam, while extended movers are trustworthy users (usually non-admins) responsible for moving books, et al.

This is ''not'' a proposal to implement the extended mover user group, but rather a community consultation. Thoughts? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:48, 20 October 2026 (UTC)

:@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]]: Relevant prior discussion can be found [[Wikibooks:Reading room/Proposals/2020/December#Suppress redirect feature|here]]. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 20:21, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
:Oppose, don't see the point. [[User:Leaderboard|Leaderboard]] ([[User talk:Leaderboard|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Leaderboard|contribs]]) 11:12, 3 November 2026 (UTC)
:: Oddly enough, while patrollers have a rate limit of moving more pages in under a minute, they do not have &lt;code&gt;move-subpages&lt;/code&gt; (which allows them to move a book and its subpages in a single action). Without that mechanism to move subpages, they will have to perform some additional moves by hand. Because of that, I said that &lt;code&gt;move-subpages&lt;/code&gt; will be added to the extended mover user group. Since that user group is considered a somewhat privileged (non-admin) user group, it will be granted to trustworthy users who have a demonstrated need for it, provided that they have a history of moving pages without causing some sort of disruption during the process. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 15:43, 3 November 2026 (UTC)

== Enabling wgUseRCPatrol ==
Some of our sister projects have &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;wgUseRCPatrol&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; enabled, but on the other hand, we do not. I think we should enable this so that we can also focus on reviewing edits in the recent changes, not just new pages. [[Wikibooks:Patrolling]] can also include information about this once we enable it here. Thoughts? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:39, 27 October 2026 (UTC)
: {{support}}. This would mimic the functionality of FlaggedRevs when reviewing pages and would help detect vandalism much easier. [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 04:35, 2 November 2026 (UTC)</text>
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      <text bytes="34909" sha1="4g12yfr5s5upafvvjhd8wtcihz8ghmh" xml:space="preserve">__NEWSECTIONLINK__ {{Discussion Rooms}} {{Shortcut|WB:RFC|WB:PROPOSALS}} {{TOC left&lt;!--|limit=2--&gt;}}

Welcome to the '''Proposals reading room'''. On this page, Wikibookians are free to talk about suggestions for improving Wikibooks.
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== New gadget to browse subpages ==

Hi all! I developed a gadget to easily browse subpages through a collapsible menu, that I think might be useful in Wikibooks. Here's a little demo video:

[[File:Subpages_gadget_demo.webm|frameless]]

To test it yourself, add the following to [[Special:MyPage/common.js|your common.js]]:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;javascript&quot;&gt;
mw.loader.load( '//www.mediawiki.org/w/load.php?modules=ext.gadget.Global-Subpages' );
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

If you find it useful, I can enable it as a gadget to make it generally available from the preferences. Thoughts? Cheers! [[User:Sophivorus|Sophivorus]] ([[User talk:Sophivorus|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Sophivorus|contribs]]) 16:02, 2 July 2026 (UTC)

:Wikibooks relies heavily on subpages, so this is a nice addition. Merci. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 16:43, 2 July 2026 (UTC)
:This could be extremely useful for books here!! I'll note, though, that it doesn't work quite right with the vector legacy skin (what I use). —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 01:20, 3 July 2026 (UTC)
: @[[User:Sophivorus|Sophivorus]] I will be the one in charge installing this as a gadget since there is no objection, but what dependecies does this gadget need to use? You might also want to read Kittycataclysm's suggestion above. ''Muchos saludos''. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0024FF&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 23:08, 9 July 2026 (UTC)
::@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]] Hi! I just fixed the issue with Vector legacy and also for other skins. Regarding dependencies, this gadget requires &lt;code&gt;mediawiki.api&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;@wikimedia/codex&lt;/code&gt;. If you want to take care of the installation, please do not copy-paste the source code, but rather load the global version using &lt;code&gt;mw.loader.load( '//www.mediawiki.org/w/load.php?modules=ext.gadget.Global-Subpages' );&lt;/code&gt;, like other [[mw:Global gadgets|global gadgets]]. Thanks! [[User:Sophivorus|Sophivorus]] ([[User talk:Sophivorus|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Sophivorus|contribs]]) 14:22, 22 July 2026 (UTC)
::: I put the code on the gadgets definition page @[[User:Sophivorus|Sophivorus]], but feel free to fix what I placed. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 21:45, 22 July 2026 (UTC)
::::Just checking in here—was this resolved/completed? I see [[MediaWiki:Gadget-Subpages.js]], and I assume everything is now taken care of in terms of WB-wide installation? —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 16:14, 30 October 2026 (UTC)
::::: This was already resolved, feel free to close this. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:09, 30 October 2026 (UTC)

== Breadcrumbs in the title ==

Hi! I think breadcrumbs would be more intuitive, compact and cleaner if they were integrated into the title rather than below it, like so:

&lt;gallery&gt;
Wikisource breadcrumbs proposal (before).png|Current breadcrumbs
Wikisource breadcrumbs proposal (after).png|Proposed breadcrumbs
&lt;/gallery&gt;

What do you think? [[User:Sophivorus|Sophivorus]] ([[User talk:Sophivorus|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Sophivorus|contribs]]) 16:02, 17 August 2026 (UTC)

:I appreciate the effort, but I don't see a big difference or that one would be more usable than another. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 19:14, 17 August 2026 (UTC)

:I like proposal and I think it would be an improvement. Having the breadcrumbs twice, as in the current system, creates a redundant ui element. I also think the formatting around the forward slashes in the &quot;new&quot; version better conveys that they have specific technical meaning and are not part of the name of the page. --[[User:JCrue|JCrue]] ([[User talk:JCrue|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/JCrue|contribs]]) 14:52, 7 October 2026 (UTC)

== Approve [[Wikibooks:CheckUser]] as a local policy? ==
Some of the text was based off of the global CheckUser policy, but in this case, should we approve [[Wikibooks:CheckUser]] as a local policy? There is a special clause allowing stewards to perform checks even during non-emergency situations (as set in [[Wikibooks:Global rights policy]]). I have yet to include a part where users may request CU checks. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 21:55, 13 September 2026 (UTC)

:I'm somewhat just unsure on what the benefit of making this policy would be. Sure, there's strength in policy, of course. But this seems to be doing fine overall as an information page, no? It doesn't differ very much from the global CU policy, so I'm not sure that a page without any Wikibooks-specific information really benefits from policy status. [[User:EggRoll97|EggRoll97]] ([[User talk:EggRoll97|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/EggRoll97|contribs]]) 00:22, 14 September 2026 (UTC)
:I would {{support}} this. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 00:26, 20 September 2026 (UTC)

== FlaggedRevs again ==
{{closed|[[phab:T440519]] was done, sending FlaggedRevs down to the void. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:52, 27 October 2026 (UTC)}}
&lt;div class=&quot;cd-moveMark&quot;&gt;''Moved from [[Wikibooks:Reading room/General#FlaggedRevs again]].  [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:01, 1 October 2026 (UTC)''&lt;/div&gt;
Hi all. I already know there were various topics over the years about this subject, but I was considering for the project on whether we should remove this extension from this project, and go back to using MediaWiki's page patrol system.

Currently, there is a backlog of more than 3000 unreviewed edits (some going back as far as a few years ago); that’s why I started this discussion here.

{{collapse top}}
* &lt;code&gt;autoreview&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;editor&lt;/code&gt; would be &lt;code&gt;autopatrolled&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;patroller&lt;/code&gt;, respectively.
* &lt;code&gt;wgUseNPPatrol&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;wgUseFilePatrol&lt;/code&gt; would be re-enabled for English Wikibooks.
* &lt;code&gt;autopatrol&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;patrol&lt;/code&gt; would be re-assigned back to sysops and their respective user groups.
* &lt;code&gt;patroller&lt;/code&gt; would also have &lt;code&gt;rollback&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;suppressredirect&lt;/code&gt; and its rate limit untouched.
{{collapse bottom}}

Best, [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 12:56, 30 September 2026 (UTC)

:{{s}} the removal of FlaggedRevs. Inasmuch as the extension works at all, it works best when it is used selectively on projects like Wikipedia, for individual high-traffic pages with lots of watchers which are subject to vandalism or controversy. Wikibooks is not a good use case for this extension. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 15:51, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{s}} I don't see any way that backlog ever gets cleared, frankly, and if it isn't going to be cleared, we might as well go to something easier, which is the normal page patrol system, which works well off of [[Special:NewPages]] already. [[User:EggRoll97|EggRoll97]] ([[User talk:EggRoll97|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/EggRoll97|contribs]]) 00:31, 3 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{neutral}} - Wikibooks is not a good use case for this extension, and with 3000 unreviewed edits with no progress at all, it does make sense to remove it. On the other hand, there could be a WikiProject to review each of these edits. For this reason, I am voting neutral [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 13:41, 3 October 2026 (UTC)
:: There was the outdated [[Wikibooks:New page patrol]] before this project used FlaggedRevs. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:22, 3 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{support}} the removal of FlaggedRevs from Wikibooks. It's a redundant extension that's not useful in this wiki. --[[User:Agusbou2015|Agusbou2015]] ([[User talk:Agusbou2015|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Agusbou2015|contribs]]) 21:53, 3 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{Support}}. Several years ago I spent hundreds of hours trying to do the first review of every page. I managed to get all the root pages done but only got as far as &quot;E&quot; for the other pages. While I was doing this I stopped reviewing changes - and in that time over a 1,000 out of date pages were in the list. I concluded it was an impossible task unless lots of people joined in the work but that didn't happen and I doubt it ever will. I do think it has value for Wikijunior in showing the last reviewed page rather than the possibly offensively vandalised latest revision, but other than that it's a waste of time. At some point the extension will get fully deprecated and we'll be forced to stop using it anyway. [[User:MarcGarver|MarcGarver]] ([[User talk:MarcGarver|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MarcGarver|contribs]]) 09:53, 6 October 2026 (UTC)
:Will &lt;code&gt;patroller&lt;/code&gt; be granted automatically? [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 13:24, 6 October 2026 (UTC)
:: Unfortunately, no. Since we will stop using FlaggedRevs, the patroller user group will not be granted automatically and thus will have to be manually given out by administrators. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 13:46, 6 October 2026 (UTC)
:::@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]]: And are we planning on giving back the &lt;code&gt;patroller&lt;/code&gt; right to existing reviewers? Or will they have to manually reapply? [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 02:30, 8 October 2026 (UTC)
:::: I have a plan: any former reviewer who has been active recently in the past two years will have patroller rights. This will be done to reduce a huge amount of inactive former reviewers. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 12:26, 8 October 2026 (UTC)
::::Keep the name the same; just remove the reviewer right. After all, patrolling is a form of reviewing. [[User:Leaderboard|Leaderboard]] ([[User talk:Leaderboard|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Leaderboard|contribs]]) 18:52, 8 October 2026 (UTC)
::::: Do we have to use the term {{tq|reviewing}} instead of {{tq|patrolling}}? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:57, 8 October 2026 (UTC)
:::{{ping|Codename Noreste}} Is there a reason that we should not simply give the reviewer group the &lt;code&gt;patrol&lt;/code&gt; right, and keep the auto-granting going? [[Wikibooks:Reviewers#Automatic criteria]] does not appear to be FlaggedRevs-specific, so auto-promotion should still be able to continue even without FlaggedRevs, and reviewers could simply become patrollers (in the technical sense). [[User:EggRoll97|EggRoll97]] ([[User talk:EggRoll97|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/EggRoll97|contribs]]) 07:55, 10 October 2026 (UTC)
:::: I believe that would require some additional code on InitialiseSettings.php, and as for &lt;code&gt;reviewer&lt;/code&gt;, I'm not sure we should still use that user group term over &lt;code&gt;patroller&lt;/code&gt; as per the point {{tq|Special groups on small wikis}} on [[m:Limits to configuration changes]]. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 13:58, 10 October 2026 (UTC)
: If you take a look at the extended content, I also included what I also proposed too. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:19, 6 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{comment}}. The [[mw:Extension:FlaggedRevs|FlaggedRevs extension]] is not recommended for production use, per Mediawiki. On this basis alone we should discontinue use of it. However, we haven't determined if page patrolling is the best replacement. There are [[mw:Content approval extensions|alternative extensions]] and the mediawiki page for FlaggedRevs specifically recommends [[mw:Extension:Approved Revs|'''Approved Revs extension''']]. We should determine which of page patrolling or these extensions is the most appropriate antivandalism tool first. (after all, according to [[Help:Tracking_changes#Reviewing_pages]], the purpose of FlaggedRevs is to be &quot;our primary counter-vandalism tool&quot;). --[[User:JCrue|JCrue]] ([[User talk:JCrue|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/JCrue|contribs]]) 14:48, 7 October 2026 (UTC)
:: Approved Revs would require significant testing and approval per [[mw:Writing an extension for deployment]]. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 16:35, 7 October 2026 (UTC)
{{end closed}}

== Disable (some) page creation by temporary accounts ==
{{tracked|T443449}}
Creating a new book, or adding a chapter to an existing book, is a significant action, and users performing this action should be available to discuss it. Additionally, in practice, most page creations by temp accounts are out of scope, if not outright vandalism. (See https://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&amp;type=create for some examples.)

As such, I'd like to propose that the wiki require a registered account to create pages in any non-talk namespace. Temporary accounts will still be able to edit existing pages, or to create talk pages to start discussions. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 18:48, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
: From a technical point of view, this would require moving &lt;code&gt;createpage&lt;/code&gt; from unregistered users (&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;) to registered users (&lt;code&gt;user&lt;/code&gt;), but that would mean every non-registered user may not be able to create pages in every namespace, but talk pages.
: Another solution would be to add [[mw:Extension:ArticleCreationWorkflow]] to this project, but we don't have a system to create drafts (or similar).
: And a final solution would be to create an edit filter disallowing unregistered users from creating pages in mainspace. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:43, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
:: Just to note, please read the first point of [[m:Limits to configuration changes#Changes that are likely to be declined]] (Disable non-autoconfirmed page creation). [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:50, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
:::What I'm proposing is that we require a registered account for page creation, not autoconfirmed. enwiki (as well as a few other wikis) already use this configuration - it's not new. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 19:58, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
:::: Okay, but I provided some alternatives above. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 20:06, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
: In that case, I have no objections here. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:03, 6 October 2026 (UTC)
:I would propose the use of autoconfirmed, to better patrol new pages that are being created. There are countless advertisement pages being created on Wikibooks, usually in the user's userpage. The use of a registered account proposed by Omphalographer therefore may have some limitations. I agree with the proposal to make new pages strictly autoconfirmed. If a user wishes to create a page, there could be a feature for reviewers/patrollers to check such pages that are being created. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 13:36, 9 October 2026 (UTC)
:: You might want to read my point about limits to configuration changes. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 14:53, 9 October 2026 (UTC)
:Why turn off potential good contributors by telling them they must register AND log-in in order to contribute? The problem at Wikibooks right now is the dearth of contributions, not vandalism, I think (?). 
:* Anons are already precluded from editing pages that have been &quot;protected&quot; by admins. 
:* Anon user contributions are automatically marked for Review before they become public
:* There are less than 500 anon accounts that have contributed more than one edit to Wikibooks? 
:Is it really necessary to stop us from contributing to Wikibooks? [[Special:Contributions/~2026-40500-29|~2026-40500-29]] ([[User talk:~2026-40500-29|talk]]) 00:19, 10 October 2026 (UTC)
:: {{ping|~2026-40500-29}} The initial question was not whether registered accounts can contribute, it is whether temporary accounts can create pages. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 00:48, 10 October 2026 (UTC)
:::Isn't the creation of new pages a subset of potential contributions to Wikibooks? Are you saying that some members in good standing of this community are only allowed to correct obvious spelling and grammar mistakes by others? [[Special:Contributions/~2026-40500-29|~2026-40500-29]] ([[User talk:~2026-40500-29|talk]]) 19:23, 11 October 2026 (UTC)
::::That message was to {{comment}} that this discussion was about creating pages, not about whether anonymous users can contribute. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 07:22, 13 October 2026 (UTC)
:: @[[User:~2026-40500-29|~2026-40500-29]], is your response considered an objection? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:55, 27 October 2026 (UTC)
:Limiting page creation to registered users might reduce new spam/promotional/out of scope pages. I disagree with 2026-405000-29 that requiring account registration is unnecessarily burdensome for new editors. 
:I don't know where the number &lt;500 anon accounts have contributed more than one edit comes from and it seems unlikely to me: that would mean there have only been 23 anon editors per year since wikibooks was founded. Looking at Special:RecentChanges there seems to be four or five anon editors a day. 
:Overall I think it is a reasonable restriction. I can't speak to the technical aspects of this change (re configuration changes, vs. autoconfirmed patrolling, etc) but if it is easy to implement I support it. [[User:JCrue|JCrue]] ([[User talk:JCrue|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/JCrue|contribs]]) 10:13, 12 October 2026 (UTC)
::i think setting limitations to configuration changes would affect those who are unregistered users.anyway it is 
::a good idea though but let's think about it outside the box [[User:Luhesa Kahuma|Luhesa Kahuma]] ([[User talk:Luhesa Kahuma|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Luhesa Kahuma|contribs]]) 22:47, 30 October 2026 (UTC)
: I see consensus here to implement this change, but I will wait one more day before I implement the patch on Gerrit. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 22:02, 2 November 2026 (UTC)
:{{done|I filed [[phab:T443449]]}}. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 14:40, 3 November 2026 (UTC)

== Add inactivity policies for patrollers and uploaders? ==
I am proposing that we include inactivity policies for both patrollers and uploaders, which include no edits or logged actions for two years.

I previously proposed this for [now former] reviewers, but someone probably objected. Now, if their rights are removed for inactivity, they can request them back at [[WB:RFP]] (without prejudice), unless the rights were removed for cause (such as a vote of confidence).

Edit: Someone also proposed inactivity policies for importers (and possibly import uploaders too), which are sensitive permissions. I initially forgot to include that permission when creating this proposal, but now I am also proposing for importer permissions to have an inactivity policy.

Which procedure should we choose if we agree on the inactivity policy proposals? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 22:18, 18 October 2026 (UTC)
: {{Oppose}} - There is no need for inactivity policies for patrollers and uploaders, since there is no harm in keeping patrollers and uploaders in the current roles. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 00:09, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
:: I have to disagree here. Some larger projects have their own inactivity policies for patrollers, such as [[m:Meta:Patrollers#Removal of access]] on Meta-Wiki and [[w:en:WP:NPPREVOKE]] (new page reviewers on English Wikipedia, a similar permission). [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 00:34, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
::: CC to @[[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]], who was previously TechVindicator. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:01, 27 October 2026 (UTC)
:@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]]: I will say that it seems odd to propose these policies for patrollers and uploaders without proposing an equivalent for [[WB:importers|importers]], when that's arguably a far more sensitive role. I do at least support an inactivity policy for importers, and am as yet neutral vis-à-vis patrollers and uploaders. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 02:05, 21 October 2026 (UTC)
:: @[[User:JJPMaster|JJPMaster]] I've edited my proposal to also include both importers and import uploaders. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:29, 22 October 2026 (UTC)

== Approving [[Wikibooks:Outdated books]] as a policy ==
I created this draft policy two years ago, and would like to see whether the community is willing to approve it now. I have substituted it in its current form (00:16, 20 October 2026 (UTC)) below:
{{hidden archive top|Policy text}}

Sometimes, there will be a book that has a lot of information that was very useful at the time, but has become out of date over time. There are generally two procedures that can be followed here.

;For books that aren't up to date, but can be reasonably updated
This category applies to books that, for instance, have not been updated with new information in a few years, but where the subject still exists and new information can be found about it. In this scenario, you should add the {{tlx|Outdated}} tag to the top of the book, and post on its discussion page explaining what should be updated. Or, you can always just [[Wikibooks:Be bold|be bold]] and update it yourself!

;For books that cannot be reasonably updated
This category includes books that are so outdated that their subject either no longer exists, or has changed so much since the book was written that it is virtually unrecognizable, and it would be nearly impossible to update it satisfactorily. These books should generally not be deleted, as they do provide valuable information, but should not be easily accessible to readers looking for recent information. Here, the following instructions should be followed.

If the case is unambiguous:
# Add {{tlx|Archived}} to the top of the book. Doing this will also remove it from search engine indexes, unless you override this by using {{tlx|Archived|2=noindex=false}}.
# Move the book to a subpage of [[Wikibooks:Outdated books/Archive]].
# Replace the content of the redirect left behind after the move with {{tlx|Soft redirect|2=Wikibooks:Outdated books/Archive/&lt;book title&gt;}}.
# (''optional'') Inform the author(s) of the book of your decision.

If the case is ambiguous:

Follow these steps if there is any reasonable doubt about if the book can be updated.
# Follow the instructions at {{Section link|Wikibooks:Requests for deletion#Deletion}} to file a request. Make sure to note that the request is for archiving, not deletion.
# The proposal for archiving will be discussed.
# If consensus has been reached to archive the book, any uninvolved user may close the discussion and follow the instructions in {{Section link|#If the case is unambiguous}}. Otherwise, the book will remain as is.
{{hidden archive bottom}} [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 00:16, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
: I have a question, is there any difference if we approve this as a guideline (common sense) compared to as a policy? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 00:24, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
::@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]]: That would also be fine; I'm not exactly sure if the delineation between guidelines and policies on Wikibooks is as clearly defined as on Wikipedia. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 00:27, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
::: I would suggest approving this as a guideline should an experienced, yet uninvolved editor may use their judgment and common sense when dealing with outdated books. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 00:29, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
: {{support}} for approval as a guideline, as I said and mentioned above. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:45, 27 October 2026 (UTC)

== Wikibooks Magazine ==
I am proposing that we create a magazine quarterly, or bimonthly detailing latest news on Wikibooks (and maybe ''some'' current affairs, considering the shutdown of Wikinews, though this is unlikely).
&lt;br&gt;
If it were to be approved, it would be inspired by the WikiKids magazine in Dutch [https://wikikids.nl/Wikikids:Magazine/11 link], though with a Wikibooks feel. A user could propose something for the next Wikibooks Magazine on the talk page of [[Wikibooks:Magazine]], including ideas for the next Wikibooks magazine. It would be promoted on the front page (and maybe) on the MediaWiki Sitenotice, providing information about the next edition. On Wikikids, the project has been going on since 2024, and since then there have been 11 editions. What do you think?
[[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 00:20, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{Courtesy ping|Codename Noreste}} [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 00:36, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{Courtesy ping|JJPMaster}} [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 23:04, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
:I '''weak support''' a '''quarterly''' publication. There isn't a ton of activity here compared to many other &lt;abbr&gt;WMF&lt;/abbr&gt; wikis, so there won't be quite as much to report as there is at (e.g.) [[:w:en:WP:SIGNPOST]] or [[:wikt:en:WIktionary:The Headword]] but that said, having a publication could encourage engagement by showing what hard work others are doing. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 19:36, 21 October 2026 (UTC)
: Because of the low activity, should the releases be biannual (every six months)? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:29, 22 October 2026 (UTC)
::I would support a quarterly publication, given the fact that Wikibooks does not have enough traffic (in my opinion) to justify a bimonthly publication, but, at the same time, the idea of a biannual publication seems relatively infrequent. Furthermore, the magazine would follow the quarterly format used on WikiKids. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 03:47, 23 October 2026 (UTC)
: We can do that with [[Wikibooks:Magazine]]. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:00, 27 October 2026 (UTC)
::I will create a page about what the Wikibooks Magazine on the page provided, and the editions that will follow. [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 07:32, 28 October 2026 (UTC)

== Discussion on whether to create an extended mover user group ==
Currently, patrollers (formerly reviewers) have the &lt;code&gt;suppressredirect&lt;/code&gt; user right as well as a rate limit per InitialiseSettings.php. However, I am consulting with the community if we:
# Remove &lt;code&gt;suppressredirect&lt;/code&gt; from patrollers
# Add &lt;code&gt;suppressredirect&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;extendedmover&lt;/code&gt; as well as include &lt;code&gt;delete-redirect&lt;/code&gt; (for deleting redirects with a single revision) and &lt;code&gt;move-subpages&lt;/code&gt; (to move all subpages of a book in a single action)
# Also include &lt;code&gt;noratelimit&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;extendedmover&lt;/code&gt; instead of using a custom rate limit (optional), or increase the limit to 500
This is because, per the principle of least privilege, patrollers should be responsible for marking new pages as patrolled and reverting vandalism/spam, while extended movers are trustworthy users (usually non-admins) responsible for moving books, et al.

This is ''not'' a proposal to implement the extended mover user group, but rather a community consultation. Thoughts? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:48, 20 October 2026 (UTC)

:@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]]: Relevant prior discussion can be found [[Wikibooks:Reading room/Proposals/2020/December#Suppress redirect feature|here]]. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 20:21, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
:Oppose, don't see the point. [[User:Leaderboard|Leaderboard]] ([[User talk:Leaderboard|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Leaderboard|contribs]]) 11:12, 3 November 2026 (UTC)
:: Oddly enough, while patrollers have a rate limit of moving more pages in under a minute, they do not have &lt;code&gt;move-subpages&lt;/code&gt; (which allows them to move a book and its subpages in a single action). Without that mechanism to move subpages, they will have to perform some additional moves by hand. Because of that, I said that &lt;code&gt;move-subpages&lt;/code&gt; will be added to the extended mover user group. Since that user group is considered a somewhat privileged (non-admin) user group, it will be granted to trustworthy users who have a demonstrated need for it, provided that they have a history of moving pages without causing some sort of disruption during the process. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 15:43, 3 November 2026 (UTC)

== Enabling wgUseRCPatrol ==
Some of our sister projects have &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;wgUseRCPatrol&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; enabled, but on the other hand, we do not. I think we should enable this so that we can also focus on reviewing edits in the recent changes, not just new pages. [[Wikibooks:Patrolling]] can also include information about this once we enable it here. Thoughts? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:39, 27 October 2026 (UTC)
: {{support}}. This would mimic the functionality of FlaggedRevs when reviewing pages and would help detect vandalism much easier. [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 04:35, 2 November 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>4g12yfr5s5upafvvjhd8wtcihz8ghmh</sha1>
    </revision>
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      <id>4680017</id>
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      <text bytes="35102" sha1="np6g71umk6ox14dgr31fkzxy1w4nx60" xml:space="preserve">__NEWSECTIONLINK__ {{Discussion Rooms}} {{Shortcut|WB:RFC|WB:PROPOSALS}} {{TOC left&lt;!--|limit=2--&gt;}}

Welcome to the '''Proposals reading room'''. On this page, Wikibookians are free to talk about suggestions for improving Wikibooks.
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== New gadget to browse subpages ==

Hi all! I developed a gadget to easily browse subpages through a collapsible menu, that I think might be useful in Wikibooks. Here's a little demo video:

[[File:Subpages_gadget_demo.webm|frameless]]

To test it yourself, add the following to [[Special:MyPage/common.js|your common.js]]:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;javascript&quot;&gt;
mw.loader.load( '//www.mediawiki.org/w/load.php?modules=ext.gadget.Global-Subpages' );
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

If you find it useful, I can enable it as a gadget to make it generally available from the preferences. Thoughts? Cheers! [[User:Sophivorus|Sophivorus]] ([[User talk:Sophivorus|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Sophivorus|contribs]]) 16:02, 2 July 2026 (UTC)

:Wikibooks relies heavily on subpages, so this is a nice addition. Merci. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 16:43, 2 July 2026 (UTC)
:This could be extremely useful for books here!! I'll note, though, that it doesn't work quite right with the vector legacy skin (what I use). —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 01:20, 3 July 2026 (UTC)
: @[[User:Sophivorus|Sophivorus]] I will be the one in charge installing this as a gadget since there is no objection, but what dependecies does this gadget need to use? You might also want to read Kittycataclysm's suggestion above. ''Muchos saludos''. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0024FF&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 23:08, 9 July 2026 (UTC)
::@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]] Hi! I just fixed the issue with Vector legacy and also for other skins. Regarding dependencies, this gadget requires &lt;code&gt;mediawiki.api&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;@wikimedia/codex&lt;/code&gt;. If you want to take care of the installation, please do not copy-paste the source code, but rather load the global version using &lt;code&gt;mw.loader.load( '//www.mediawiki.org/w/load.php?modules=ext.gadget.Global-Subpages' );&lt;/code&gt;, like other [[mw:Global gadgets|global gadgets]]. Thanks! [[User:Sophivorus|Sophivorus]] ([[User talk:Sophivorus|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Sophivorus|contribs]]) 14:22, 22 July 2026 (UTC)
::: I put the code on the gadgets definition page @[[User:Sophivorus|Sophivorus]], but feel free to fix what I placed. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 21:45, 22 July 2026 (UTC)
::::Just checking in here—was this resolved/completed? I see [[MediaWiki:Gadget-Subpages.js]], and I assume everything is now taken care of in terms of WB-wide installation? —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 16:14, 30 October 2026 (UTC)
::::: This was already resolved, feel free to close this. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:09, 30 October 2026 (UTC)

== Breadcrumbs in the title ==

Hi! I think breadcrumbs would be more intuitive, compact and cleaner if they were integrated into the title rather than below it, like so:

&lt;gallery&gt;
Wikisource breadcrumbs proposal (before).png|Current breadcrumbs
Wikisource breadcrumbs proposal (after).png|Proposed breadcrumbs
&lt;/gallery&gt;

What do you think? [[User:Sophivorus|Sophivorus]] ([[User talk:Sophivorus|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Sophivorus|contribs]]) 16:02, 17 August 2026 (UTC)

:I appreciate the effort, but I don't see a big difference or that one would be more usable than another. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 19:14, 17 August 2026 (UTC)

:I like proposal and I think it would be an improvement. Having the breadcrumbs twice, as in the current system, creates a redundant ui element. I also think the formatting around the forward slashes in the &quot;new&quot; version better conveys that they have specific technical meaning and are not part of the name of the page. --[[User:JCrue|JCrue]] ([[User talk:JCrue|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/JCrue|contribs]]) 14:52, 7 October 2026 (UTC)

== Approve [[Wikibooks:CheckUser]] as a local policy? ==
Some of the text was based off of the global CheckUser policy, but in this case, should we approve [[Wikibooks:CheckUser]] as a local policy? There is a special clause allowing stewards to perform checks even during non-emergency situations (as set in [[Wikibooks:Global rights policy]]). I have yet to include a part where users may request CU checks. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 21:55, 13 September 2026 (UTC)

:I'm somewhat just unsure on what the benefit of making this policy would be. Sure, there's strength in policy, of course. But this seems to be doing fine overall as an information page, no? It doesn't differ very much from the global CU policy, so I'm not sure that a page without any Wikibooks-specific information really benefits from policy status. [[User:EggRoll97|EggRoll97]] ([[User talk:EggRoll97|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/EggRoll97|contribs]]) 00:22, 14 September 2026 (UTC)
:I would {{support}} this. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 00:26, 20 September 2026 (UTC)

== FlaggedRevs again ==
{{closed|[[phab:T440519]] was done, sending FlaggedRevs down to the void. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:52, 27 October 2026 (UTC)}}
&lt;div class=&quot;cd-moveMark&quot;&gt;''Moved from [[Wikibooks:Reading room/General#FlaggedRevs again]].  [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:01, 1 October 2026 (UTC)''&lt;/div&gt;
Hi all. I already know there were various topics over the years about this subject, but I was considering for the project on whether we should remove this extension from this project, and go back to using MediaWiki's page patrol system.

Currently, there is a backlog of more than 3000 unreviewed edits (some going back as far as a few years ago); that’s why I started this discussion here.

{{collapse top}}
* &lt;code&gt;autoreview&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;editor&lt;/code&gt; would be &lt;code&gt;autopatrolled&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;patroller&lt;/code&gt;, respectively.
* &lt;code&gt;wgUseNPPatrol&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;wgUseFilePatrol&lt;/code&gt; would be re-enabled for English Wikibooks.
* &lt;code&gt;autopatrol&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;patrol&lt;/code&gt; would be re-assigned back to sysops and their respective user groups.
* &lt;code&gt;patroller&lt;/code&gt; would also have &lt;code&gt;rollback&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;suppressredirect&lt;/code&gt; and its rate limit untouched.
{{collapse bottom}}

Best, [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 12:56, 30 September 2026 (UTC)

:{{s}} the removal of FlaggedRevs. Inasmuch as the extension works at all, it works best when it is used selectively on projects like Wikipedia, for individual high-traffic pages with lots of watchers which are subject to vandalism or controversy. Wikibooks is not a good use case for this extension. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 15:51, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{s}} I don't see any way that backlog ever gets cleared, frankly, and if it isn't going to be cleared, we might as well go to something easier, which is the normal page patrol system, which works well off of [[Special:NewPages]] already. [[User:EggRoll97|EggRoll97]] ([[User talk:EggRoll97|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/EggRoll97|contribs]]) 00:31, 3 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{neutral}} - Wikibooks is not a good use case for this extension, and with 3000 unreviewed edits with no progress at all, it does make sense to remove it. On the other hand, there could be a WikiProject to review each of these edits. For this reason, I am voting neutral [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 13:41, 3 October 2026 (UTC)
:: There was the outdated [[Wikibooks:New page patrol]] before this project used FlaggedRevs. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:22, 3 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{support}} the removal of FlaggedRevs from Wikibooks. It's a redundant extension that's not useful in this wiki. --[[User:Agusbou2015|Agusbou2015]] ([[User talk:Agusbou2015|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Agusbou2015|contribs]]) 21:53, 3 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{Support}}. Several years ago I spent hundreds of hours trying to do the first review of every page. I managed to get all the root pages done but only got as far as &quot;E&quot; for the other pages. While I was doing this I stopped reviewing changes - and in that time over a 1,000 out of date pages were in the list. I concluded it was an impossible task unless lots of people joined in the work but that didn't happen and I doubt it ever will. I do think it has value for Wikijunior in showing the last reviewed page rather than the possibly offensively vandalised latest revision, but other than that it's a waste of time. At some point the extension will get fully deprecated and we'll be forced to stop using it anyway. [[User:MarcGarver|MarcGarver]] ([[User talk:MarcGarver|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MarcGarver|contribs]]) 09:53, 6 October 2026 (UTC)
:Will &lt;code&gt;patroller&lt;/code&gt; be granted automatically? [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 13:24, 6 October 2026 (UTC)
:: Unfortunately, no. Since we will stop using FlaggedRevs, the patroller user group will not be granted automatically and thus will have to be manually given out by administrators. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 13:46, 6 October 2026 (UTC)
:::@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]]: And are we planning on giving back the &lt;code&gt;patroller&lt;/code&gt; right to existing reviewers? Or will they have to manually reapply? [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 02:30, 8 October 2026 (UTC)
:::: I have a plan: any former reviewer who has been active recently in the past two years will have patroller rights. This will be done to reduce a huge amount of inactive former reviewers. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 12:26, 8 October 2026 (UTC)
::::Keep the name the same; just remove the reviewer right. After all, patrolling is a form of reviewing. [[User:Leaderboard|Leaderboard]] ([[User talk:Leaderboard|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Leaderboard|contribs]]) 18:52, 8 October 2026 (UTC)
::::: Do we have to use the term {{tq|reviewing}} instead of {{tq|patrolling}}? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:57, 8 October 2026 (UTC)
:::{{ping|Codename Noreste}} Is there a reason that we should not simply give the reviewer group the &lt;code&gt;patrol&lt;/code&gt; right, and keep the auto-granting going? [[Wikibooks:Reviewers#Automatic criteria]] does not appear to be FlaggedRevs-specific, so auto-promotion should still be able to continue even without FlaggedRevs, and reviewers could simply become patrollers (in the technical sense). [[User:EggRoll97|EggRoll97]] ([[User talk:EggRoll97|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/EggRoll97|contribs]]) 07:55, 10 October 2026 (UTC)
:::: I believe that would require some additional code on InitialiseSettings.php, and as for &lt;code&gt;reviewer&lt;/code&gt;, I'm not sure we should still use that user group term over &lt;code&gt;patroller&lt;/code&gt; as per the point {{tq|Special groups on small wikis}} on [[m:Limits to configuration changes]]. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 13:58, 10 October 2026 (UTC)
: If you take a look at the extended content, I also included what I also proposed too. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:19, 6 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{comment}}. The [[mw:Extension:FlaggedRevs|FlaggedRevs extension]] is not recommended for production use, per Mediawiki. On this basis alone we should discontinue use of it. However, we haven't determined if page patrolling is the best replacement. There are [[mw:Content approval extensions|alternative extensions]] and the mediawiki page for FlaggedRevs specifically recommends [[mw:Extension:Approved Revs|'''Approved Revs extension''']]. We should determine which of page patrolling or these extensions is the most appropriate antivandalism tool first. (after all, according to [[Help:Tracking_changes#Reviewing_pages]], the purpose of FlaggedRevs is to be &quot;our primary counter-vandalism tool&quot;). --[[User:JCrue|JCrue]] ([[User talk:JCrue|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/JCrue|contribs]]) 14:48, 7 October 2026 (UTC)
:: Approved Revs would require significant testing and approval per [[mw:Writing an extension for deployment]]. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 16:35, 7 October 2026 (UTC)
{{end closed}}

== Disable (some) page creation by temporary accounts ==
{{tracked|T443449}}
Creating a new book, or adding a chapter to an existing book, is a significant action, and users performing this action should be available to discuss it. Additionally, in practice, most page creations by temp accounts are out of scope, if not outright vandalism. (See https://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&amp;type=create for some examples.)

As such, I'd like to propose that the wiki require a registered account to create pages in any non-talk namespace. Temporary accounts will still be able to edit existing pages, or to create talk pages to start discussions. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 18:48, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
: From a technical point of view, this would require moving &lt;code&gt;createpage&lt;/code&gt; from unregistered users (&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;) to registered users (&lt;code&gt;user&lt;/code&gt;), but that would mean every non-registered user may not be able to create pages in every namespace, but talk pages.
: Another solution would be to add [[mw:Extension:ArticleCreationWorkflow]] to this project, but we don't have a system to create drafts (or similar).
: And a final solution would be to create an edit filter disallowing unregistered users from creating pages in mainspace. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:43, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
:: Just to note, please read the first point of [[m:Limits to configuration changes#Changes that are likely to be declined]] (Disable non-autoconfirmed page creation). [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:50, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
:::What I'm proposing is that we require a registered account for page creation, not autoconfirmed. enwiki (as well as a few other wikis) already use this configuration - it's not new. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 19:58, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
:::: Okay, but I provided some alternatives above. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 20:06, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
: In that case, I have no objections here. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:03, 6 October 2026 (UTC)
:I would propose the use of autoconfirmed, to better patrol new pages that are being created. There are countless advertisement pages being created on Wikibooks, usually in the user's userpage. The use of a registered account proposed by Omphalographer therefore may have some limitations. I agree with the proposal to make new pages strictly autoconfirmed. If a user wishes to create a page, there could be a feature for reviewers/patrollers to check such pages that are being created. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 13:36, 9 October 2026 (UTC)
:: You might want to read my point about limits to configuration changes. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 14:53, 9 October 2026 (UTC)
:Why turn off potential good contributors by telling them they must register AND log-in in order to contribute? The problem at Wikibooks right now is the dearth of contributions, not vandalism, I think (?). 
:* Anons are already precluded from editing pages that have been &quot;protected&quot; by admins. 
:* Anon user contributions are automatically marked for Review before they become public
:* There are less than 500 anon accounts that have contributed more than one edit to Wikibooks? 
:Is it really necessary to stop us from contributing to Wikibooks? [[Special:Contributions/~2026-40500-29|~2026-40500-29]] ([[User talk:~2026-40500-29|talk]]) 00:19, 10 October 2026 (UTC)
:: {{ping|~2026-40500-29}} The initial question was not whether registered accounts can contribute, it is whether temporary accounts can create pages. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 00:48, 10 October 2026 (UTC)
:::Isn't the creation of new pages a subset of potential contributions to Wikibooks? Are you saying that some members in good standing of this community are only allowed to correct obvious spelling and grammar mistakes by others? [[Special:Contributions/~2026-40500-29|~2026-40500-29]] ([[User talk:~2026-40500-29|talk]]) 19:23, 11 October 2026 (UTC)
::::That message was to {{comment}} that this discussion was about creating pages, not about whether anonymous users can contribute. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 07:22, 13 October 2026 (UTC)
:: @[[User:~2026-40500-29|~2026-40500-29]], is your response considered an objection? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:55, 27 October 2026 (UTC)
:Limiting page creation to registered users might reduce new spam/promotional/out of scope pages. I disagree with 2026-405000-29 that requiring account registration is unnecessarily burdensome for new editors. 
:I don't know where the number &lt;500 anon accounts have contributed more than one edit comes from and it seems unlikely to me: that would mean there have only been 23 anon editors per year since wikibooks was founded. Looking at Special:RecentChanges there seems to be four or five anon editors a day. 
:Overall I think it is a reasonable restriction. I can't speak to the technical aspects of this change (re configuration changes, vs. autoconfirmed patrolling, etc) but if it is easy to implement I support it. [[User:JCrue|JCrue]] ([[User talk:JCrue|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/JCrue|contribs]]) 10:13, 12 October 2026 (UTC)
::i think setting limitations to configuration changes would affect those who are unregistered users.anyway it is 
::a good idea though but let's think about it outside the box [[User:Luhesa Kahuma|Luhesa Kahuma]] ([[User talk:Luhesa Kahuma|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Luhesa Kahuma|contribs]]) 22:47, 30 October 2026 (UTC)
: I see consensus here to implement this change, but I will wait one more day before I implement the patch on Gerrit. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 22:02, 2 November 2026 (UTC)
:{{done|I filed [[phab:T443449]]}}. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 14:40, 3 November 2026 (UTC)

== Add inactivity policies for patrollers and uploaders? ==
I am proposing that we include inactivity policies for both patrollers and uploaders, which include no edits or logged actions for two years.

I previously proposed this for [now former] reviewers, but someone probably objected. Now, if their rights are removed for inactivity, they can request them back at [[WB:RFP]] (without prejudice), unless the rights were removed for cause (such as a vote of confidence).

Edit: Someone also proposed inactivity policies for importers (and possibly import uploaders too), which are sensitive permissions. I initially forgot to include that permission when creating this proposal, but now I am also proposing for importer permissions to have an inactivity policy.

Which procedure should we choose if we agree on the inactivity policy proposals? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 22:18, 18 October 2026 (UTC)
: {{Oppose}} - There is no need for inactivity policies for patrollers and uploaders, since there is no harm in keeping patrollers and uploaders in the current roles. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 00:09, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
:: I have to disagree here. Some larger projects have their own inactivity policies for patrollers, such as [[m:Meta:Patrollers#Removal of access]] on Meta-Wiki and [[w:en:WP:NPPREVOKE]] (new page reviewers on English Wikipedia, a similar permission). [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 00:34, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
::: CC to @[[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]], who was previously TechVindicator. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:01, 27 October 2026 (UTC)
:@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]]: I will say that it seems odd to propose these policies for patrollers and uploaders without proposing an equivalent for [[WB:importers|importers]], when that's arguably a far more sensitive role. I do at least support an inactivity policy for importers, and am as yet neutral vis-à-vis patrollers and uploaders. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 02:05, 21 October 2026 (UTC)
:: @[[User:JJPMaster|JJPMaster]] I've edited my proposal to also include both importers and import uploaders. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:29, 22 October 2026 (UTC)

== Approving [[Wikibooks:Outdated books]] as a policy ==
I created this draft policy two years ago, and would like to see whether the community is willing to approve it now. I have substituted it in its current form (00:16, 20 October 2026 (UTC)) below:
{{hidden archive top|Policy text}}

Sometimes, there will be a book that has a lot of information that was very useful at the time, but has become out of date over time. There are generally two procedures that can be followed here.

;For books that aren't up to date, but can be reasonably updated
This category applies to books that, for instance, have not been updated with new information in a few years, but where the subject still exists and new information can be found about it. In this scenario, you should add the {{tlx|Outdated}} tag to the top of the book, and post on its discussion page explaining what should be updated. Or, you can always just [[Wikibooks:Be bold|be bold]] and update it yourself!

;For books that cannot be reasonably updated
This category includes books that are so outdated that their subject either no longer exists, or has changed so much since the book was written that it is virtually unrecognizable, and it would be nearly impossible to update it satisfactorily. These books should generally not be deleted, as they do provide valuable information, but should not be easily accessible to readers looking for recent information. Here, the following instructions should be followed.

If the case is unambiguous:
# Add {{tlx|Archived}} to the top of the book. Doing this will also remove it from search engine indexes, unless you override this by using {{tlx|Archived|2=noindex=false}}.
# Move the book to a subpage of [[Wikibooks:Outdated books/Archive]].
# Replace the content of the redirect left behind after the move with {{tlx|Soft redirect|2=Wikibooks:Outdated books/Archive/&lt;book title&gt;}}.
# (''optional'') Inform the author(s) of the book of your decision.

If the case is ambiguous:

Follow these steps if there is any reasonable doubt about if the book can be updated.
# Follow the instructions at {{Section link|Wikibooks:Requests for deletion#Deletion}} to file a request. Make sure to note that the request is for archiving, not deletion.
# The proposal for archiving will be discussed.
# If consensus has been reached to archive the book, any uninvolved user may close the discussion and follow the instructions in {{Section link|#If the case is unambiguous}}. Otherwise, the book will remain as is.
{{hidden archive bottom}} [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 00:16, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
: I have a question, is there any difference if we approve this as a guideline (common sense) compared to as a policy? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 00:24, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
::@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]]: That would also be fine; I'm not exactly sure if the delineation between guidelines and policies on Wikibooks is as clearly defined as on Wikipedia. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 00:27, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
::: I would suggest approving this as a guideline should an experienced, yet uninvolved editor may use their judgment and common sense when dealing with outdated books. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 00:29, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
: {{support}} for approval as a guideline, as I said and mentioned above. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:45, 27 October 2026 (UTC)

== Wikibooks Magazine ==
I am proposing that we create a magazine quarterly, or bimonthly detailing latest news on Wikibooks (and maybe ''some'' current affairs, considering the shutdown of Wikinews, though this is unlikely).
&lt;br&gt;
If it were to be approved, it would be inspired by the WikiKids magazine in Dutch [https://wikikids.nl/Wikikids:Magazine/11 link], though with a Wikibooks feel. A user could propose something for the next Wikibooks Magazine on the talk page of [[Wikibooks:Magazine]], including ideas for the next Wikibooks magazine. It would be promoted on the front page (and maybe) on the MediaWiki Sitenotice, providing information about the next edition. On Wikikids, the project has been going on since 2024, and since then there have been 11 editions. What do you think?
[[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 00:20, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{Courtesy ping|Codename Noreste}} [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 00:36, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{Courtesy ping|JJPMaster}} [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 23:04, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
:I '''weak support''' a '''quarterly''' publication. There isn't a ton of activity here compared to many other &lt;abbr&gt;WMF&lt;/abbr&gt; wikis, so there won't be quite as much to report as there is at (e.g.) [[:w:en:WP:SIGNPOST]] or [[:wikt:en:WIktionary:The Headword]] but that said, having a publication could encourage engagement by showing what hard work others are doing. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 19:36, 21 October 2026 (UTC)
: Because of the low activity, should the releases be biannual (every six months)? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:29, 22 October 2026 (UTC)
::I would support a quarterly publication, given the fact that Wikibooks does not have enough traffic (in my opinion) to justify a bimonthly publication, but, at the same time, the idea of a biannual publication seems relatively infrequent. Furthermore, the magazine would follow the quarterly format used on WikiKids. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 03:47, 23 October 2026 (UTC)
: We can do that with [[Wikibooks:Magazine]]. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:00, 27 October 2026 (UTC)
::I will create a page about what the Wikibooks Magazine on the page provided, and the editions that will follow. [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 07:32, 28 October 2026 (UTC)

== Discussion on whether to create an extended mover user group ==
Currently, patrollers (formerly reviewers) have the &lt;code&gt;suppressredirect&lt;/code&gt; user right as well as a rate limit per InitialiseSettings.php. However, I am consulting with the community if we:
# Remove &lt;code&gt;suppressredirect&lt;/code&gt; from patrollers
# Add &lt;code&gt;suppressredirect&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;extendedmover&lt;/code&gt; as well as include &lt;code&gt;delete-redirect&lt;/code&gt; (for deleting redirects with a single revision) and &lt;code&gt;move-subpages&lt;/code&gt; (to move all subpages of a book in a single action)
# Also include &lt;code&gt;noratelimit&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;extendedmover&lt;/code&gt; instead of using a custom rate limit (optional), or increase the limit to 500
This is because, per the principle of least privilege, patrollers should be responsible for marking new pages as patrolled and reverting vandalism/spam, while extended movers are trustworthy users (usually non-admins) responsible for moving books, et al.

This is ''not'' a proposal to implement the extended mover user group, but rather a community consultation. Thoughts? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:48, 20 October 2026 (UTC)

:@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]]: Relevant prior discussion can be found [[Wikibooks:Reading room/Proposals/2020/December#Suppress redirect feature|here]]. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 20:21, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
:Oppose, don't see the point. [[User:Leaderboard|Leaderboard]] ([[User talk:Leaderboard|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Leaderboard|contribs]]) 11:12, 3 November 2026 (UTC)
:: Oddly enough, while patrollers have a rate limit of moving more pages in under a minute, they do not have &lt;code&gt;move-subpages&lt;/code&gt; (which allows them to move a book and its subpages in a single action). Without that mechanism to move subpages, they will have to perform some additional moves by hand. Because of that, I said that &lt;code&gt;move-subpages&lt;/code&gt; will be added to the extended mover user group. Since that user group is considered a somewhat privileged (non-admin) user group, it will be granted to trustworthy users who have a demonstrated need for it, provided that they have a history of moving pages without causing some sort of disruption during the process. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 15:43, 3 November 2026 (UTC)
:ee aa eee AAA 
:Did you know?
:alorre Gorge was the cradle of humanity [[Special:Contributions/~2026-58643-30|~2026-58643-30]] ([[User talk:~2026-58643-30|talk]]) 17:20, 4 November 2026 (UTC)

== Enabling wgUseRCPatrol ==
Some of our sister projects have &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;wgUseRCPatrol&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; enabled, but on the other hand, we do not. I think we should enable this so that we can also focus on reviewing edits in the recent changes, not just new pages. [[Wikibooks:Patrolling]] can also include information about this once we enable it here. Thoughts? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:39, 27 October 2026 (UTC)
: {{support}}. This would mimic the functionality of FlaggedRevs when reviewing pages and would help detect vandalism much easier. [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 04:35, 2 November 2026 (UTC)</text>
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      <id>4680018</id>
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      <text bytes="34947" sha1="ohpsusp5t6ueqfcrjrayk32ktpa1yg9" xml:space="preserve">__NEWSECTIONLINK__ {{Discussion Rooms}} {{Shortcut|WB:RFC|WB:PROPOSALS}} {{TOC left&lt;!--|limit=2--&gt;}}

Welcome to the '''Proposals reading room'''. On this page, Wikibookians are free to talk about suggestions for improving Wikibooks.
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== New gadget to browse subpages ==

Hi all! I developed a gadget to easily browse subpages through a collapsible menu, that I think might be useful in Wikibooks. Here's a little demo video:

[[File:Subpages_gadget_demo.webm|frameless]]

To test it yourself, add the following to [[Special:MyPage/common.js|your common.js]]:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;javascript&quot;&gt;
mw.loader.load( '//www.mediawiki.org/w/load.php?modules=ext.gadget.Global-Subpages' );
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

If you find it useful, I can enable it as a gadget to make it generally available from the preferences. Thoughts? Cheers! [[User:Sophivorus|Sophivorus]] ([[User talk:Sophivorus|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Sophivorus|contribs]]) 16:02, 2 July 2026 (UTC)

:Wikibooks relies heavily on subpages, so this is a nice addition. Merci. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 16:43, 2 July 2026 (UTC)
:This could be extremely useful for books here!! I'll note, though, that it doesn't work quite right with the vector legacy skin (what I use). —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 01:20, 3 July 2026 (UTC)
: @[[User:Sophivorus|Sophivorus]] I will be the one in charge installing this as a gadget since there is no objection, but what dependecies does this gadget need to use? You might also want to read Kittycataclysm's suggestion above. ''Muchos saludos''. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0024FF&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 23:08, 9 July 2026 (UTC)
::@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]] Hi! I just fixed the issue with Vector legacy and also for other skins. Regarding dependencies, this gadget requires &lt;code&gt;mediawiki.api&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;@wikimedia/codex&lt;/code&gt;. If you want to take care of the installation, please do not copy-paste the source code, but rather load the global version using &lt;code&gt;mw.loader.load( '//www.mediawiki.org/w/load.php?modules=ext.gadget.Global-Subpages' );&lt;/code&gt;, like other [[mw:Global gadgets|global gadgets]]. Thanks! [[User:Sophivorus|Sophivorus]] ([[User talk:Sophivorus|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Sophivorus|contribs]]) 14:22, 22 July 2026 (UTC)
::: I put the code on the gadgets definition page @[[User:Sophivorus|Sophivorus]], but feel free to fix what I placed. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 21:45, 22 July 2026 (UTC)
::::Just checking in here—was this resolved/completed? I see [[MediaWiki:Gadget-Subpages.js]], and I assume everything is now taken care of in terms of WB-wide installation? —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 16:14, 30 October 2026 (UTC)
::::: This was already resolved, feel free to close this. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:09, 30 October 2026 (UTC)

== Breadcrumbs in the title ==

Hi! I think breadcrumbs would be more intuitive, compact and cleaner if they were integrated into the title rather than below it, like so:

&lt;gallery&gt;
Wikisource breadcrumbs proposal (before).png|Current breadcrumbs
Wikisource breadcrumbs proposal (after).png|Proposed breadcrumbs
&lt;/gallery&gt;

What do you think? [[User:Sophivorus|Sophivorus]] ([[User talk:Sophivorus|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Sophivorus|contribs]]) 16:02, 17 August 2026 (UTC)

:I appreciate the effort, but I don't see a big difference or that one would be more usable than another. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 19:14, 17 August 2026 (UTC)

:I like proposal and I think it would be an improvement. Having the breadcrumbs twice, as in the current system, creates a redundant ui element. I also think the formatting around the forward slashes in the &quot;new&quot; version better conveys that they have specific technical meaning and are not part of the name of the page. --[[User:JCrue|JCrue]] ([[User talk:JCrue|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/JCrue|contribs]]) 14:52, 7 October 2026 (UTC)

== Approve [[Wikibooks:CheckUser]] as a local policy? ==
Some of the text was based off of the global CheckUser policy, but in this case, should we approve [[Wikibooks:CheckUser]] as a local policy? There is a special clause allowing stewards to perform checks even during non-emergency situations (as set in [[Wikibooks:Global rights policy]]). I have yet to include a part where users may request CU checks. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 21:55, 13 September 2026 (UTC)

:I'm somewhat just unsure on what the benefit of making this policy would be. Sure, there's strength in policy, of course. But this seems to be doing fine overall as an information page, no? It doesn't differ very much from the global CU policy, so I'm not sure that a page without any Wikibooks-specific information really benefits from policy status. [[User:EggRoll97|EggRoll97]] ([[User talk:EggRoll97|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/EggRoll97|contribs]]) 00:22, 14 September 2026 (UTC)
:I would {{support}} this. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 00:26, 20 September 2026 (UTC)

== FlaggedRevs again ==
{{closed|[[phab:T440519]] was done, sending FlaggedRevs down to the void. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:52, 27 October 2026 (UTC)}}
&lt;div class=&quot;cd-moveMark&quot;&gt;''Moved from [[Wikibooks:Reading room/General#FlaggedRevs again]].  [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:01, 1 October 2026 (UTC)''&lt;/div&gt;
Hi all. I already know there were various topics over the years about this subject, but I was considering for the project on whether we should remove this extension from this project, and go back to using MediaWiki's page patrol system.

Currently, there is a backlog of more than 3000 unreviewed edits (some going back as far as a few years ago); that’s why I started this discussion here.

{{collapse top}}
* &lt;code&gt;autoreview&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;editor&lt;/code&gt; would be &lt;code&gt;autopatrolled&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;patroller&lt;/code&gt;, respectively.
* &lt;code&gt;wgUseNPPatrol&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;wgUseFilePatrol&lt;/code&gt; would be re-enabled for English Wikibooks.
* &lt;code&gt;autopatrol&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;patrol&lt;/code&gt; would be re-assigned back to sysops and their respective user groups.
* &lt;code&gt;patroller&lt;/code&gt; would also have &lt;code&gt;rollback&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;suppressredirect&lt;/code&gt; and its rate limit untouched.
{{collapse bottom}}

Best, [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 12:56, 30 September 2026 (UTC)

:{{s}} the removal of FlaggedRevs. Inasmuch as the extension works at all, it works best when it is used selectively on projects like Wikipedia, for individual high-traffic pages with lots of watchers which are subject to vandalism or controversy. Wikibooks is not a good use case for this extension. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 15:51, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{s}} I don't see any way that backlog ever gets cleared, frankly, and if it isn't going to be cleared, we might as well go to something easier, which is the normal page patrol system, which works well off of [[Special:NewPages]] already. [[User:EggRoll97|EggRoll97]] ([[User talk:EggRoll97|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/EggRoll97|contribs]]) 00:31, 3 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{neutral}} - Wikibooks is not a good use case for this extension, and with 3000 unreviewed edits with no progress at all, it does make sense to remove it. On the other hand, there could be a WikiProject to review each of these edits. For this reason, I am voting neutral [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 13:41, 3 October 2026 (UTC)
:: There was the outdated [[Wikibooks:New page patrol]] before this project used FlaggedRevs. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:22, 3 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{support}} the removal of FlaggedRevs from Wikibooks. It's a redundant extension that's not useful in this wiki. --[[User:Agusbou2015|Agusbou2015]] ([[User talk:Agusbou2015|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Agusbou2015|contribs]]) 21:53, 3 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{Support}}. Several years ago I spent hundreds of hours trying to do the first review of every page. I managed to get all the root pages done but only got as far as &quot;E&quot; for the other pages. While I was doing this I stopped reviewing changes - and in that time over a 1,000 out of date pages were in the list. I concluded it was an impossible task unless lots of people joined in the work but that didn't happen and I doubt it ever will. I do think it has value for Wikijunior in showing the last reviewed page rather than the possibly offensively vandalised latest revision, but other than that it's a waste of time. At some point the extension will get fully deprecated and we'll be forced to stop using it anyway. [[User:MarcGarver|MarcGarver]] ([[User talk:MarcGarver|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MarcGarver|contribs]]) 09:53, 6 October 2026 (UTC)
:Will &lt;code&gt;patroller&lt;/code&gt; be granted automatically? [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 13:24, 6 October 2026 (UTC)
:: Unfortunately, no. Since we will stop using FlaggedRevs, the patroller user group will not be granted automatically and thus will have to be manually given out by administrators. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 13:46, 6 October 2026 (UTC)
:::@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]]: And are we planning on giving back the &lt;code&gt;patroller&lt;/code&gt; right to existing reviewers? Or will they have to manually reapply? [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 02:30, 8 October 2026 (UTC)
:::: I have a plan: any former reviewer who has been active recently in the past two years will have patroller rights. This will be done to reduce a huge amount of inactive former reviewers. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 12:26, 8 October 2026 (UTC)
::::Keep the name the same; just remove the reviewer right. After all, patrolling is a form of reviewing. [[User:Leaderboard|Leaderboard]] ([[User talk:Leaderboard|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Leaderboard|contribs]]) 18:52, 8 October 2026 (UTC)
::::: Do we have to use the term {{tq|reviewing}} instead of {{tq|patrolling}}? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:57, 8 October 2026 (UTC)
:::{{ping|Codename Noreste}} Is there a reason that we should not simply give the reviewer group the &lt;code&gt;patrol&lt;/code&gt; right, and keep the auto-granting going? [[Wikibooks:Reviewers#Automatic criteria]] does not appear to be FlaggedRevs-specific, so auto-promotion should still be able to continue even without FlaggedRevs, and reviewers could simply become patrollers (in the technical sense). [[User:EggRoll97|EggRoll97]] ([[User talk:EggRoll97|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/EggRoll97|contribs]]) 07:55, 10 October 2026 (UTC)
:::: I believe that would require some additional code on InitialiseSettings.php, and as for &lt;code&gt;reviewer&lt;/code&gt;, I'm not sure we should still use that user group term over &lt;code&gt;patroller&lt;/code&gt; as per the point {{tq|Special groups on small wikis}} on [[m:Limits to configuration changes]]. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 13:58, 10 October 2026 (UTC)
: If you take a look at the extended content, I also included what I also proposed too. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:19, 6 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{comment}}. The [[mw:Extension:FlaggedRevs|FlaggedRevs extension]] is not recommended for production use, per Mediawiki. On this basis alone we should discontinue use of it. However, we haven't determined if page patrolling is the best replacement. There are [[mw:Content approval extensions|alternative extensions]] and the mediawiki page for FlaggedRevs specifically recommends [[mw:Extension:Approved Revs|'''Approved Revs extension''']]. We should determine which of page patrolling or these extensions is the most appropriate antivandalism tool first. (after all, according to [[Help:Tracking_changes#Reviewing_pages]], the purpose of FlaggedRevs is to be &quot;our primary counter-vandalism tool&quot;). --[[User:JCrue|JCrue]] ([[User talk:JCrue|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/JCrue|contribs]]) 14:48, 7 October 2026 (UTC)
:: Approved Revs would require significant testing and approval per [[mw:Writing an extension for deployment]]. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 16:35, 7 October 2026 (UTC)
{{end closed}}

== Disable (some) page creation by temporary accounts ==
{{tracked|T443449}}
Creating a new book, or adding a chapter to an existing book, is a significant action, and users performing this action should be available to discuss it. Additionally, in practice, most page creations by temp accounts are out of scope, if not outright vandalism. (See https://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&amp;type=create for some examples.)

As such, I'd like to propose that the wiki require a registered account to create pages in any non-talk namespace. Temporary accounts will still be able to edit existing pages, or to create talk pages to start discussions. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 18:48, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
: From a technical point of view, this would require moving &lt;code&gt;createpage&lt;/code&gt; from unregistered users (&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;) to registered users (&lt;code&gt;user&lt;/code&gt;), but that would mean every non-registered user may not be able to create pages in every namespace, but talk pages.
: Another solution would be to add [[mw:Extension:ArticleCreationWorkflow]] to this project, but we don't have a system to create drafts (or similar).
: And a final solution would be to create an edit filter disallowing unregistered users from creating pages in mainspace. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:43, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
:: Just to note, please read the first point of [[m:Limits to configuration changes#Changes that are likely to be declined]] (Disable non-autoconfirmed page creation). [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:50, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
:::What I'm proposing is that we require a registered account for page creation, not autoconfirmed. enwiki (as well as a few other wikis) already use this configuration - it's not new. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 19:58, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
:::: Okay, but I provided some alternatives above. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 20:06, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
: In that case, I have no objections here. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:03, 6 October 2026 (UTC)
:I would propose the use of autoconfirmed, to better patrol new pages that are being created. There are countless advertisement pages being created on Wikibooks, usually in the user's userpage. The use of a registered account proposed by Omphalographer therefore may have some limitations. I agree with the proposal to make new pages strictly autoconfirmed. If a user wishes to create a page, there could be a feature for reviewers/patrollers to check such pages that are being created. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 13:36, 9 October 2026 (UTC)
:: You might want to read my point about limits to configuration changes. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 14:53, 9 October 2026 (UTC)
:Why turn off potential good contributors by telling them they must register AND log-in in order to contribute? The problem at Wikibooks right now is the dearth of contributions, not vandalism, I think (?). 
:* Anons are already precluded from editing pages that have been &quot;protected&quot; by admins. 
:* Anon user contributions are automatically marked for Review before they become public
:* There are less than 500 anon accounts that have contributed more than one edit to Wikibooks? 
:Is it really necessary to stop us from contributing to Wikibooks? [[Special:Contributions/~2026-40500-29|~2026-40500-29]] ([[User talk:~2026-40500-29|talk]]) 00:19, 10 October 2026 (UTC)
:: {{ping|~2026-40500-29}} The initial question was not whether registered accounts can contribute, it is whether temporary accounts can create pages. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 00:48, 10 October 2026 (UTC)
:::Isn't the creation of new pages a subset of potential contributions to Wikibooks? Are you saying that some members in good standing of this community are only allowed to correct obvious spelling and grammar mistakes by others? [[Special:Contributions/~2026-40500-29|~2026-40500-29]] ([[User talk:~2026-40500-29|talk]]) 19:23, 11 October 2026 (UTC)
::::That message was to {{comment}} that this discussion was about creating pages, not about whether anonymous users can contribute. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 07:22, 13 October 2026 (UTC)
:: @[[User:~2026-40500-29|~2026-40500-29]], is your response considered an objection? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:55, 27 October 2026 (UTC)
:Limiting page creation to registered users might reduce new spam/promotional/out of scope pages. I disagree with 2026-405000-29 that requiring account registration is unnecessarily burdensome for new editors. 
:I don't know where the number &lt;500 anon accounts have contributed more than one edit comes from and it seems unlikely to me: that would mean there have only been 23 anon editors per year since wikibooks was founded. Looking at Special:RecentChanges there seems to be four or five anon editors a day. 
:Overall I think it is a reasonable restriction. I can't speak to the technical aspects of this change (re configuration changes, vs. autoconfirmed patrolling, etc) but if it is easy to implement I support it. [[User:JCrue|JCrue]] ([[User talk:JCrue|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/JCrue|contribs]]) 10:13, 12 October 2026 (UTC)
::i think setting limitations to configuration changes would affect those who are unregistered users.anyway it is 
::a good idea though but let's think about it outside the box [[User:Luhesa Kahuma|Luhesa Kahuma]] ([[User talk:Luhesa Kahuma|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Luhesa Kahuma|contribs]]) 22:47, 30 October 2026 (UTC)
: I see consensus here to implement this change, but I will wait one more day before I implement the patch on Gerrit. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 22:02, 2 November 2026 (UTC)
:{{done|I filed [[phab:T443449]]}}. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 14:40, 3 November 2026 (UTC)

== Add inactivity policies for patrollers and uploaders? ==
I am proposing that we include inactivity policies for both patrollers and uploaders, which include no edits or logged actions for two years.

I previously proposed this for [now former] reviewers, but someone probably objected. Now, if their rights are removed for inactivity, they can request them back at [[WB:RFP]] (without prejudice), unless the rights were removed for cause (such as a vote of confidence).

Edit: Someone also proposed inactivity policies for importers (and possibly import uploaders too), which are sensitive permissions. I initially forgot to include that permission when creating this proposal, but now I am also proposing for importer permissions to have an inactivity policy.

Which procedure should we choose if we agree on the inactivity policy proposals? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 22:18, 18 October 2026 (UTC)
: {{Oppose}} - There is no need for inactivity policies for patrollers and uploaders, since there is no harm in keeping patrollers and uploaders in the current roles. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 00:09, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
:: I have to disagree here. Some larger projects have their own inactivity policies for patrollers, such as [[m:Meta:Patrollers#Removal of access]] on Meta-Wiki and [[w:en:WP:NPPREVOKE]] (new page reviewers on English Wikipedia, a similar permission). [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 00:34, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
::: CC to @[[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]], who was previously TechVindicator. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:01, 27 October 2026 (UTC)
:@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]]: I will say that it seems odd to propose these policies for patrollers and uploaders without proposing an equivalent for [[WB:importers|importers]], when that's arguably a far more sensitive role. I do at least support an inactivity policy for importers, and am as yet neutral vis-à-vis patrollers and uploaders. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 02:05, 21 October 2026 (UTC)
:: @[[User:JJPMaster|JJPMaster]] I've edited my proposal to also include both importers and import uploaders. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:29, 22 October 2026 (UTC)

== Approving [[Wikibooks:Outdated books]] as a policy ==
I created this draft policy two years ago, and would like to see whether the community is willing to approve it now. I have substituted it in its current form (00:16, 20 October 2026 (UTC)) below:
{{hidden archive top|Policy text}}

Sometimes, there will be a book that has a lot of information that was very useful at the time, but has become out of date over time. There are generally two procedures that can be followed here.

;For books that aren't up to date, but can be reasonably updated
This category applies to books that, for instance, have not been updated with new information in a few years, but where the subject still exists and new information can be found about it. In this scenario, you should add the {{tlx|Outdated}} tag to the top of the book, and post on its discussion page explaining what should be updated. Or, you can always just [[Wikibooks:Be bold|be bold]] and update it yourself!

;For books that cannot be reasonably updated
This category includes books that are so outdated that their subject either no longer exists, or has changed so much since the book was written that it is virtually unrecognizable, and it would be nearly impossible to update it satisfactorily. These books should generally not be deleted, as they do provide valuable information, but should not be easily accessible to readers looking for recent information. Here, the following instructions should be followed.

If the case is unambiguous:
# Add {{tlx|Archived}} to the top of the book. Doing this will also remove it from search engine indexes, unless you override this by using {{tlx|Archived|2=noindex=false}}.
# Move the book to a subpage of [[Wikibooks:Outdated books/Archive]].
# Replace the content of the redirect left behind after the move with {{tlx|Soft redirect|2=Wikibooks:Outdated books/Archive/&lt;book title&gt;}}.
# (''optional'') Inform the author(s) of the book of your decision.

If the case is ambiguous:

Follow these steps if there is any reasonable doubt about if the book can be updated.
# Follow the instructions at {{Section link|Wikibooks:Requests for deletion#Deletion}} to file a request. Make sure to note that the request is for archiving, not deletion.
# The proposal for archiving will be discussed.
# If consensus has been reached to archive the book, any uninvolved user may close the discussion and follow the instructions in {{Section link|#If the case is unambiguous}}. Otherwise, the book will remain as is.
{{hidden archive bottom}} [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 00:16, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
: I have a question, is there any difference if we approve this as a guideline (common sense) compared to as a policy? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 00:24, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
::@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]]: That would also be fine; I'm not exactly sure if the delineation between guidelines and policies on Wikibooks is as clearly defined as on Wikipedia. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 00:27, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
::: I would suggest approving this as a guideline should an experienced, yet uninvolved editor may use their judgment and common sense when dealing with outdated books. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 00:29, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
: {{support}} for approval as a guideline, as I said and mentioned above. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:45, 27 October 2026 (UTC)

== Wikibooks Magazine ==
I am proposing that we create a magazine quarterly, or bimonthly detailing latest news on Wikibooks (and maybe ''some'' current affairs, considering the shutdown of Wikinews, though this is unlikely).
&lt;br&gt;
If it were to be approved, it would be inspired by the WikiKids magazine in Dutch [https://wikikids.nl/Wikikids:Magazine/11 link], though with a Wikibooks feel. A user could propose something for the next Wikibooks Magazine on the talk page of [[Wikibooks:Magazine]], including ideas for the next Wikibooks magazine. It would be promoted on the front page (and maybe) on the MediaWiki Sitenotice, providing information about the next edition. On Wikikids, the project has been going on since 2024, and since then there have been 11 editions. What do you think?
[[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 00:20, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{Courtesy ping|Codename Noreste}} [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 00:36, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{Courtesy ping|JJPMaster}} [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 23:04, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
:I '''weak support''' a '''quarterly''' publication. There isn't a ton of activity here compared to many other &lt;abbr&gt;WMF&lt;/abbr&gt; wikis, so there won't be quite as much to report as there is at (e.g.) [[:w:en:WP:SIGNPOST]] or [[:wikt:en:WIktionary:The Headword]] but that said, having a publication could encourage engagement by showing what hard work others are doing. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 19:36, 21 October 2026 (UTC)
: Because of the low activity, should the releases be biannual (every six months)? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:29, 22 October 2026 (UTC)
::I would support a quarterly publication, given the fact that Wikibooks does not have enough traffic (in my opinion) to justify a bimonthly publication, but, at the same time, the idea of a biannual publication seems relatively infrequent. Furthermore, the magazine would follow the quarterly format used on WikiKids. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 03:47, 23 October 2026 (UTC)
: We can do that with [[Wikibooks:Magazine]]. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:00, 27 October 2026 (UTC)
::I will create a page about what the Wikibooks Magazine on the page provided, and the editions that will follow. [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 07:32, 28 October 2026 (UTC)

== Discussion on whether to create an extended mover user group ==
Currently, patrollers (formerly reviewers) have the &lt;code&gt;suppressredirect&lt;/code&gt; user right as well as a rate limit per InitialiseSettings.php. However, I am consulting with the community if we:
# Remove &lt;code&gt;suppressredirect&lt;/code&gt; from patrollers
# Add &lt;code&gt;suppressredirect&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;extendedmover&lt;/code&gt; as well as include &lt;code&gt;delete-redirect&lt;/code&gt; (for deleting redirects with a single revision) and &lt;code&gt;move-subpages&lt;/code&gt; (to move all subpages of a book in a single action)
# Also include &lt;code&gt;noratelimit&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;extendedmover&lt;/code&gt; instead of using a custom rate limit (optional), or increase the limit to 500
This is because, per the principle of least privilege, patrollers should be responsible for marking new pages as patrolled and reverting vandalism/spam, while extended movers are trustworthy users (usually non-admins) responsible for moving books, et al.

This is ''not'' a proposal to implement the extended mover user group, but rather a community consultation. Thoughts? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Coatela Socketta&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:48, 20 October 2026 (UTC)

:@[[User:Codename Noreste|Coatele Socketta]]: Relevant prior discussion can be found [[Wikibooks:Reading room/Proposals/2020/December#Suppress redirect feature|here]]. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]
:Oppose, don't see the point. [[User:Leaderboard|Leaderboard]] ([[User talk:Leaderboard|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Leaderboard|contribs]]) 11:12, 3 November 2026 (UTC)
:: Oddly enough, while patrollers have a rate limit of moving more pages in under a minute, they do not have &lt;code&gt;move-subpages&lt;/code&gt; (which allows them to move a book and its subpages in a single action). Without that mechanism to move subpages, they will have to perform some additional moves by hand. Because of that, I said that &lt;code&gt;move-subpages&lt;/code&gt; will be added to the extended mover user group. Since that user group is considered a somewhat privileged (non-admin) user group, it will be granted to trustworthy users who have a demonstrated need for it, provided that they have a history of moving pages without causing some sort of disruption during the process. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 15:43, 3 November 2026 (UTC)
:ee aa eee AAA 
:Did you know?
:alorre Gorge was the cradle of humanity [[Special:Contributions/~2026-58643-30|~2026-58643-30]] ([[User talk:~2026-58643-30|talk]]) 17:20, 4 November 2026 (UTC)

== Enabling wgUseRCPatrol ==
Some of our sister projects have &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;wgUseRCPatrol&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; enabled, but on the other hand, we do not. I think we should enable this so that we can also focus on reviewing edits in the recent changes, not just new pages. [[Wikibooks:Patrolling]] can also include information about this once we enable it here. Thoughts? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:39, 27 October 2026 (UTC)
: {{support}}. This would mimic the functionality of FlaggedRevs when reviewing pages and would help detect vandalism much easier. [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 04:35, 2 November 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>ohpsusp5t6ueqfcrjrayk32ktpa1yg9</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4680020</id>
      <parentid>4680018</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-04T17:25:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Codename Noreste</username>
        <id>3441010</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[WB:REVERT|Reverted]] edits by [[Special:Contributions/~2026-58643-30|~2026-58643-30]] ([[User talk:~2026-58643-30|talk]]) to last version by Codename Noreste</comment>
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      <text bytes="34910" sha1="nevk0rfeuds81lglqhpznrn3qykc5b6" xml:space="preserve">__NEWSECTIONLINK__ {{Discussion Rooms}} {{Shortcut|WB:RFC|WB:PROPOSALS}} {{TOC left&lt;!--|limit=2--&gt;}}

Welcome to the '''Proposals reading room'''. On this page, Wikibookians are free to talk about suggestions for improving Wikibooks.

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== New gadget to browse subpages ==

Hi all! I developed a gadget to easily browse subpages through a collapsible menu, that I think might be useful in Wikibooks. Here's a little demo video:

[[File:Subpages_gadget_demo.webm|frameless]]

To test it yourself, add the following to [[Special:MyPage/common.js|your common.js]]:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;javascript&quot;&gt;
mw.loader.load( '//www.mediawiki.org/w/load.php?modules=ext.gadget.Global-Subpages' );
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

If you find it useful, I can enable it as a gadget to make it generally available from the preferences. Thoughts? Cheers! [[User:Sophivorus|Sophivorus]] ([[User talk:Sophivorus|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Sophivorus|contribs]]) 16:02, 2 July 2026 (UTC)

:Wikibooks relies heavily on subpages, so this is a nice addition. Merci. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 16:43, 2 July 2026 (UTC)
:This could be extremely useful for books here!! I'll note, though, that it doesn't work quite right with the vector legacy skin (what I use). —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 01:20, 3 July 2026 (UTC)
: @[[User:Sophivorus|Sophivorus]] I will be the one in charge installing this as a gadget since there is no objection, but what dependecies does this gadget need to use? You might also want to read Kittycataclysm's suggestion above. ''Muchos saludos''. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0024FF&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 23:08, 9 July 2026 (UTC)
::@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]] Hi! I just fixed the issue with Vector legacy and also for other skins. Regarding dependencies, this gadget requires &lt;code&gt;mediawiki.api&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;@wikimedia/codex&lt;/code&gt;. If you want to take care of the installation, please do not copy-paste the source code, but rather load the global version using &lt;code&gt;mw.loader.load( '//www.mediawiki.org/w/load.php?modules=ext.gadget.Global-Subpages' );&lt;/code&gt;, like other [[mw:Global gadgets|global gadgets]]. Thanks! [[User:Sophivorus|Sophivorus]] ([[User talk:Sophivorus|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Sophivorus|contribs]]) 14:22, 22 July 2026 (UTC)
::: I put the code on the gadgets definition page @[[User:Sophivorus|Sophivorus]], but feel free to fix what I placed. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 21:45, 22 July 2026 (UTC)
::::Just checking in here—was this resolved/completed? I see [[MediaWiki:Gadget-Subpages.js]], and I assume everything is now taken care of in terms of WB-wide installation? —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 16:14, 30 October 2026 (UTC)
::::: This was already resolved, feel free to close this. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:09, 30 October 2026 (UTC)

== Breadcrumbs in the title ==

Hi! I think breadcrumbs would be more intuitive, compact and cleaner if they were integrated into the title rather than below it, like so:

&lt;gallery&gt;
Wikisource breadcrumbs proposal (before).png|Current breadcrumbs
Wikisource breadcrumbs proposal (after).png|Proposed breadcrumbs
&lt;/gallery&gt;

What do you think? [[User:Sophivorus|Sophivorus]] ([[User talk:Sophivorus|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Sophivorus|contribs]]) 16:02, 17 August 2026 (UTC)

:I appreciate the effort, but I don't see a big difference or that one would be more usable than another. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 19:14, 17 August 2026 (UTC)

:I like proposal and I think it would be an improvement. Having the breadcrumbs twice, as in the current system, creates a redundant ui element. I also think the formatting around the forward slashes in the &quot;new&quot; version better conveys that they have specific technical meaning and are not part of the name of the page. --[[User:JCrue|JCrue]] ([[User talk:JCrue|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/JCrue|contribs]]) 14:52, 7 October 2026 (UTC)

== Approve [[Wikibooks:CheckUser]] as a local policy? ==
Some of the text was based off of the global CheckUser policy, but in this case, should we approve [[Wikibooks:CheckUser]] as a local policy? There is a special clause allowing stewards to perform checks even during non-emergency situations (as set in [[Wikibooks:Global rights policy]]). I have yet to include a part where users may request CU checks. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 21:55, 13 September 2026 (UTC)

:I'm somewhat just unsure on what the benefit of making this policy would be. Sure, there's strength in policy, of course. But this seems to be doing fine overall as an information page, no? It doesn't differ very much from the global CU policy, so I'm not sure that a page without any Wikibooks-specific information really benefits from policy status. [[User:EggRoll97|EggRoll97]] ([[User talk:EggRoll97|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/EggRoll97|contribs]]) 00:22, 14 September 2026 (UTC)
:I would {{support}} this. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 00:26, 20 September 2026 (UTC)

== FlaggedRevs again ==
{{closed|[[phab:T440519]] was done, sending FlaggedRevs down to the void. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:52, 27 October 2026 (UTC)}}
&lt;div class=&quot;cd-moveMark&quot;&gt;''Moved from [[Wikibooks:Reading room/General#FlaggedRevs again]].  [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:01, 1 October 2026 (UTC)''&lt;/div&gt;
Hi all. I already know there were various topics over the years about this subject, but I was considering for the project on whether we should remove this extension from this project, and go back to using MediaWiki's page patrol system.

Currently, there is a backlog of more than 3000 unreviewed edits (some going back as far as a few years ago); that’s why I started this discussion here.

{{collapse top}}
* &lt;code&gt;autoreview&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;editor&lt;/code&gt; would be &lt;code&gt;autopatrolled&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;patroller&lt;/code&gt;, respectively.
* &lt;code&gt;wgUseNPPatrol&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;wgUseFilePatrol&lt;/code&gt; would be re-enabled for English Wikibooks.
* &lt;code&gt;autopatrol&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;patrol&lt;/code&gt; would be re-assigned back to sysops and their respective user groups.
* &lt;code&gt;patroller&lt;/code&gt; would also have &lt;code&gt;rollback&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;suppressredirect&lt;/code&gt; and its rate limit untouched.
{{collapse bottom}}

Best, [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 12:56, 30 September 2026 (UTC)

:{{s}} the removal of FlaggedRevs. Inasmuch as the extension works at all, it works best when it is used selectively on projects like Wikipedia, for individual high-traffic pages with lots of watchers which are subject to vandalism or controversy. Wikibooks is not a good use case for this extension. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 15:51, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{s}} I don't see any way that backlog ever gets cleared, frankly, and if it isn't going to be cleared, we might as well go to something easier, which is the normal page patrol system, which works well off of [[Special:NewPages]] already. [[User:EggRoll97|EggRoll97]] ([[User talk:EggRoll97|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/EggRoll97|contribs]]) 00:31, 3 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{neutral}} - Wikibooks is not a good use case for this extension, and with 3000 unreviewed edits with no progress at all, it does make sense to remove it. On the other hand, there could be a WikiProject to review each of these edits. For this reason, I am voting neutral [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 13:41, 3 October 2026 (UTC)
:: There was the outdated [[Wikibooks:New page patrol]] before this project used FlaggedRevs. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:22, 3 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{support}} the removal of FlaggedRevs from Wikibooks. It's a redundant extension that's not useful in this wiki. --[[User:Agusbou2015|Agusbou2015]] ([[User talk:Agusbou2015|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Agusbou2015|contribs]]) 21:53, 3 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{Support}}. Several years ago I spent hundreds of hours trying to do the first review of every page. I managed to get all the root pages done but only got as far as &quot;E&quot; for the other pages. While I was doing this I stopped reviewing changes - and in that time over a 1,000 out of date pages were in the list. I concluded it was an impossible task unless lots of people joined in the work but that didn't happen and I doubt it ever will. I do think it has value for Wikijunior in showing the last reviewed page rather than the possibly offensively vandalised latest revision, but other than that it's a waste of time. At some point the extension will get fully deprecated and we'll be forced to stop using it anyway. [[User:MarcGarver|MarcGarver]] ([[User talk:MarcGarver|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MarcGarver|contribs]]) 09:53, 6 October 2026 (UTC)
:Will &lt;code&gt;patroller&lt;/code&gt; be granted automatically? [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 13:24, 6 October 2026 (UTC)
:: Unfortunately, no. Since we will stop using FlaggedRevs, the patroller user group will not be granted automatically and thus will have to be manually given out by administrators. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 13:46, 6 October 2026 (UTC)
:::@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]]: And are we planning on giving back the &lt;code&gt;patroller&lt;/code&gt; right to existing reviewers? Or will they have to manually reapply? [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 02:30, 8 October 2026 (UTC)
:::: I have a plan: any former reviewer who has been active recently in the past two years will have patroller rights. This will be done to reduce a huge amount of inactive former reviewers. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 12:26, 8 October 2026 (UTC)
::::Keep the name the same; just remove the reviewer right. After all, patrolling is a form of reviewing. [[User:Leaderboard|Leaderboard]] ([[User talk:Leaderboard|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Leaderboard|contribs]]) 18:52, 8 October 2026 (UTC)
::::: Do we have to use the term {{tq|reviewing}} instead of {{tq|patrolling}}? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:57, 8 October 2026 (UTC)
:::{{ping|Codename Noreste}} Is there a reason that we should not simply give the reviewer group the &lt;code&gt;patrol&lt;/code&gt; right, and keep the auto-granting going? [[Wikibooks:Reviewers#Automatic criteria]] does not appear to be FlaggedRevs-specific, so auto-promotion should still be able to continue even without FlaggedRevs, and reviewers could simply become patrollers (in the technical sense). [[User:EggRoll97|EggRoll97]] ([[User talk:EggRoll97|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/EggRoll97|contribs]]) 07:55, 10 October 2026 (UTC)
:::: I believe that would require some additional code on InitialiseSettings.php, and as for &lt;code&gt;reviewer&lt;/code&gt;, I'm not sure we should still use that user group term over &lt;code&gt;patroller&lt;/code&gt; as per the point {{tq|Special groups on small wikis}} on [[m:Limits to configuration changes]]. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 13:58, 10 October 2026 (UTC)
: If you take a look at the extended content, I also included what I also proposed too. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:19, 6 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{comment}}. The [[mw:Extension:FlaggedRevs|FlaggedRevs extension]] is not recommended for production use, per Mediawiki. On this basis alone we should discontinue use of it. However, we haven't determined if page patrolling is the best replacement. There are [[mw:Content approval extensions|alternative extensions]] and the mediawiki page for FlaggedRevs specifically recommends [[mw:Extension:Approved Revs|'''Approved Revs extension''']]. We should determine which of page patrolling or these extensions is the most appropriate antivandalism tool first. (after all, according to [[Help:Tracking_changes#Reviewing_pages]], the purpose of FlaggedRevs is to be &quot;our primary counter-vandalism tool&quot;). --[[User:JCrue|JCrue]] ([[User talk:JCrue|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/JCrue|contribs]]) 14:48, 7 October 2026 (UTC)
:: Approved Revs would require significant testing and approval per [[mw:Writing an extension for deployment]]. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 16:35, 7 October 2026 (UTC)
{{end closed}}

== Disable (some) page creation by temporary accounts ==
{{tracked|T443449}}
Creating a new book, or adding a chapter to an existing book, is a significant action, and users performing this action should be available to discuss it. Additionally, in practice, most page creations by temp accounts are out of scope, if not outright vandalism. (See https://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&amp;type=create for some examples.)

As such, I'd like to propose that the wiki require a registered account to create pages in any non-talk namespace. Temporary accounts will still be able to edit existing pages, or to create talk pages to start discussions. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 18:48, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
: From a technical point of view, this would require moving &lt;code&gt;createpage&lt;/code&gt; from unregistered users (&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;) to registered users (&lt;code&gt;user&lt;/code&gt;), but that would mean every non-registered user may not be able to create pages in every namespace, but talk pages.
: Another solution would be to add [[mw:Extension:ArticleCreationWorkflow]] to this project, but we don't have a system to create drafts (or similar).
: And a final solution would be to create an edit filter disallowing unregistered users from creating pages in mainspace. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:43, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
:: Just to note, please read the first point of [[m:Limits to configuration changes#Changes that are likely to be declined]] (Disable non-autoconfirmed page creation). [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:50, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
:::What I'm proposing is that we require a registered account for page creation, not autoconfirmed. enwiki (as well as a few other wikis) already use this configuration - it's not new. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 19:58, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
:::: Okay, but I provided some alternatives above. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 20:06, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
: In that case, I have no objections here. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:03, 6 October 2026 (UTC)
:I would propose the use of autoconfirmed, to better patrol new pages that are being created. There are countless advertisement pages being created on Wikibooks, usually in the user's userpage. The use of a registered account proposed by Omphalographer therefore may have some limitations. I agree with the proposal to make new pages strictly autoconfirmed. If a user wishes to create a page, there could be a feature for reviewers/patrollers to check such pages that are being created. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 13:36, 9 October 2026 (UTC)
:: You might want to read my point about limits to configuration changes. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 14:53, 9 October 2026 (UTC)
:Why turn off potential good contributors by telling them they must register AND log-in in order to contribute? The problem at Wikibooks right now is the dearth of contributions, not vandalism, I think (?). 
:* Anons are already precluded from editing pages that have been &quot;protected&quot; by admins. 
:* Anon user contributions are automatically marked for Review before they become public
:* There are less than 500 anon accounts that have contributed more than one edit to Wikibooks? 
:Is it really necessary to stop us from contributing to Wikibooks? [[Special:Contributions/~2026-40500-29|~2026-40500-29]] ([[User talk:~2026-40500-29|talk]]) 00:19, 10 October 2026 (UTC)
:: {{ping|~2026-40500-29}} The initial question was not whether registered accounts can contribute, it is whether temporary accounts can create pages. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 00:48, 10 October 2026 (UTC)
:::Isn't the creation of new pages a subset of potential contributions to Wikibooks? Are you saying that some members in good standing of this community are only allowed to correct obvious spelling and grammar mistakes by others? [[Special:Contributions/~2026-40500-29|~2026-40500-29]] ([[User talk:~2026-40500-29|talk]]) 19:23, 11 October 2026 (UTC)
::::That message was to {{comment}} that this discussion was about creating pages, not about whether anonymous users can contribute. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 07:22, 13 October 2026 (UTC)
:: @[[User:~2026-40500-29|~2026-40500-29]], is your response considered an objection? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:55, 27 October 2026 (UTC)
:Limiting page creation to registered users might reduce new spam/promotional/out of scope pages. I disagree with 2026-405000-29 that requiring account registration is unnecessarily burdensome for new editors. 
:I don't know where the number &lt;500 anon accounts have contributed more than one edit comes from and it seems unlikely to me: that would mean there have only been 23 anon editors per year since wikibooks was founded. Looking at Special:RecentChanges there seems to be four or five anon editors a day. 
:Overall I think it is a reasonable restriction. I can't speak to the technical aspects of this change (re configuration changes, vs. autoconfirmed patrolling, etc) but if it is easy to implement I support it. [[User:JCrue|JCrue]] ([[User talk:JCrue|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/JCrue|contribs]]) 10:13, 12 October 2026 (UTC)
::i think setting limitations to configuration changes would affect those who are unregistered users.anyway it is 
::a good idea though but let's think about it outside the box [[User:Luhesa Kahuma|Luhesa Kahuma]] ([[User talk:Luhesa Kahuma|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Luhesa Kahuma|contribs]]) 22:47, 30 October 2026 (UTC)
: I see consensus here to implement this change, but I will wait one more day before I implement the patch on Gerrit. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 22:02, 2 November 2026 (UTC)
:{{done|I filed [[phab:T443449]]}}. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 14:40, 3 November 2026 (UTC)

== Add inactivity policies for patrollers and uploaders? ==
I am proposing that we include inactivity policies for both patrollers and uploaders, which include no edits or logged actions for two years.

I previously proposed this for [now former] reviewers, but someone probably objected. Now, if their rights are removed for inactivity, they can request them back at [[WB:RFP]] (without prejudice), unless the rights were removed for cause (such as a vote of confidence).

Edit: Someone also proposed inactivity policies for importers (and possibly import uploaders too), which are sensitive permissions. I initially forgot to include that permission when creating this proposal, but now I am also proposing for importer permissions to have an inactivity policy.

Which procedure should we choose if we agree on the inactivity policy proposals? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 22:18, 18 October 2026 (UTC)
: {{Oppose}} - There is no need for inactivity policies for patrollers and uploaders, since there is no harm in keeping patrollers and uploaders in the current roles. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 00:09, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
:: I have to disagree here. Some larger projects have their own inactivity policies for patrollers, such as [[m:Meta:Patrollers#Removal of access]] on Meta-Wiki and [[w:en:WP:NPPREVOKE]] (new page reviewers on English Wikipedia, a similar permission). [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 00:34, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
::: CC to @[[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]], who was previously TechVindicator. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:01, 27 October 2026 (UTC)
:@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]]: I will say that it seems odd to propose these policies for patrollers and uploaders without proposing an equivalent for [[WB:importers|importers]], when that's arguably a far more sensitive role. I do at least support an inactivity policy for importers, and am as yet neutral vis-à-vis patrollers and uploaders. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 02:05, 21 October 2026 (UTC)
:: @[[User:JJPMaster|JJPMaster]] I've edited my proposal to also include both importers and import uploaders. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:29, 22 October 2026 (UTC)

== Approving [[Wikibooks:Outdated books]] as a policy ==
I created this draft policy two years ago, and would like to see whether the community is willing to approve it now. I have substituted it in its current form (00:16, 20 October 2026 (UTC)) below:
{{hidden archive top|Policy text}}

Sometimes, there will be a book that has a lot of information that was very useful at the time, but has become out of date over time. There are generally two procedures that can be followed here.

;For books that aren't up to date, but can be reasonably updated
This category applies to books that, for instance, have not been updated with new information in a few years, but where the subject still exists and new information can be found about it. In this scenario, you should add the {{tlx|Outdated}} tag to the top of the book, and post on its discussion page explaining what should be updated. Or, you can always just [[Wikibooks:Be bold|be bold]] and update it yourself!

;For books that cannot be reasonably updated
This category includes books that are so outdated that their subject either no longer exists, or has changed so much since the book was written that it is virtually unrecognizable, and it would be nearly impossible to update it satisfactorily. These books should generally not be deleted, as they do provide valuable information, but should not be easily accessible to readers looking for recent information. Here, the following instructions should be followed.

If the case is unambiguous:
# Add {{tlx|Archived}} to the top of the book. Doing this will also remove it from search engine indexes, unless you override this by using {{tlx|Archived|2=noindex=false}}.
# Move the book to a subpage of [[Wikibooks:Outdated books/Archive]].
# Replace the content of the redirect left behind after the move with {{tlx|Soft redirect|2=Wikibooks:Outdated books/Archive/&lt;book title&gt;}}.
# (''optional'') Inform the author(s) of the book of your decision.

If the case is ambiguous:

Follow these steps if there is any reasonable doubt about if the book can be updated.
# Follow the instructions at {{Section link|Wikibooks:Requests for deletion#Deletion}} to file a request. Make sure to note that the request is for archiving, not deletion.
# The proposal for archiving will be discussed.
# If consensus has been reached to archive the book, any uninvolved user may close the discussion and follow the instructions in {{Section link|#If the case is unambiguous}}. Otherwise, the book will remain as is.
{{hidden archive bottom}} [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 00:16, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
: I have a question, is there any difference if we approve this as a guideline (common sense) compared to as a policy? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 00:24, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
::@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]]: That would also be fine; I'm not exactly sure if the delineation between guidelines and policies on Wikibooks is as clearly defined as on Wikipedia. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 00:27, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
::: I would suggest approving this as a guideline should an experienced, yet uninvolved editor may use their judgment and common sense when dealing with outdated books. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 00:29, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
: {{support}} for approval as a guideline, as I said and mentioned above. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:45, 27 October 2026 (UTC)

== Wikibooks Magazine ==
I am proposing that we create a magazine quarterly, or bimonthly detailing latest news on Wikibooks (and maybe ''some'' current affairs, considering the shutdown of Wikinews, though this is unlikely).
&lt;br&gt;
If it were to be approved, it would be inspired by the WikiKids magazine in Dutch [https://wikikids.nl/Wikikids:Magazine/11 link], though with a Wikibooks feel. A user could propose something for the next Wikibooks Magazine on the talk page of [[Wikibooks:Magazine]], including ideas for the next Wikibooks magazine. It would be promoted on the front page (and maybe) on the MediaWiki Sitenotice, providing information about the next edition. On Wikikids, the project has been going on since 2024, and since then there have been 11 editions. What do you think?
[[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 00:20, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{Courtesy ping|Codename Noreste}} [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 00:36, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{Courtesy ping|JJPMaster}} [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 23:04, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
:I '''weak support''' a '''quarterly''' publication. There isn't a ton of activity here compared to many other &lt;abbr&gt;WMF&lt;/abbr&gt; wikis, so there won't be quite as much to report as there is at (e.g.) [[:w:en:WP:SIGNPOST]] or [[:wikt:en:WIktionary:The Headword]] but that said, having a publication could encourage engagement by showing what hard work others are doing. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 19:36, 21 October 2026 (UTC)
: Because of the low activity, should the releases be biannual (every six months)? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:29, 22 October 2026 (UTC)
::I would support a quarterly publication, given the fact that Wikibooks does not have enough traffic (in my opinion) to justify a bimonthly publication, but, at the same time, the idea of a biannual publication seems relatively infrequent. Furthermore, the magazine would follow the quarterly format used on WikiKids. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 03:47, 23 October 2026 (UTC)
: We can do that with [[Wikibooks:Magazine]]. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:00, 27 October 2026 (UTC)
::I will create a page about what the Wikibooks Magazine on the page provided, and the editions that will follow. [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 07:32, 28 October 2026 (UTC)

== Discussion on whether to create an extended mover user group ==
Currently, patrollers (formerly reviewers) have the &lt;code&gt;suppressredirect&lt;/code&gt; user right as well as a rate limit per InitialiseSettings.php. However, I am consulting with the community if we:
# Remove &lt;code&gt;suppressredirect&lt;/code&gt; from patrollers
# Add &lt;code&gt;suppressredirect&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;extendedmover&lt;/code&gt; as well as include &lt;code&gt;delete-redirect&lt;/code&gt; (for deleting redirects with a single revision) and &lt;code&gt;move-subpages&lt;/code&gt; (to move all subpages of a book in a single action)
# Also include &lt;code&gt;noratelimit&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;extendedmover&lt;/code&gt; instead of using a custom rate limit (optional), or increase the limit to 500
This is because, per the principle of least privilege, patrollers should be responsible for marking new pages as patrolled and reverting vandalism/spam, while extended movers are trustworthy users (usually non-admins) responsible for moving books, et al.

This is ''not'' a proposal to implement the extended mover user group, but rather a community consultation. Thoughts? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:48, 20 October 2026 (UTC)

:@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]]: Relevant prior discussion can be found [[Wikibooks:Reading room/Proposals/2020/December#Suppress redirect feature|here]]. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 20:21, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
:Oppose, don't see the point. [[User:Leaderboard|Leaderboard]] ([[User talk:Leaderboard|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Leaderboard|contribs]]) 11:12, 3 November 2026 (UTC)
:: Oddly enough, while patrollers have a rate limit of moving more pages in under a minute, they do not have &lt;code&gt;move-subpages&lt;/code&gt; (which allows them to move a book and its subpages in a single action). Without that mechanism to move subpages, they will have to perform some additional moves by hand. Because of that, I said that &lt;code&gt;move-subpages&lt;/code&gt; will be added to the extended mover user group. Since that user group is considered a somewhat privileged (non-admin) user group, it will be granted to trustworthy users who have a demonstrated need for it, provided that they have a history of moving pages without causing some sort of disruption during the process. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 15:43, 3 November 2026 (UTC)

== Enabling wgUseRCPatrol ==
Some of our sister projects have &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;wgUseRCPatrol&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; enabled, but on the other hand, we do not. I think we should enable this so that we can also focus on reviewing edits in the recent changes, not just new pages. [[Wikibooks:Patrolling]] can also include information about this once we enable it here. Thoughts? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:39, 27 October 2026 (UTC)
: {{support}}. This would mimic the functionality of FlaggedRevs when reviewing pages and would help detect vandalism much easier. [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 04:35, 2 November 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>nevk0rfeuds81lglqhpznrn3qykc5b6</sha1>
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      <id>4680082</id>
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      <text bytes="35081" sha1="jdco608tguqwcj2e4s6gfu09dtkdqdz" xml:space="preserve">__NEWSECTIONLINK__ {{Discussion Rooms}} {{Shortcut|WB:RFC|WB:PROPOSALS}} {{TOC left&lt;!--|limit=2--&gt;}}

Welcome to the '''Proposals reading room'''. On this page, Wikibookians are free to talk about suggestions for improving Wikibooks.

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== New gadget to browse subpages ==

Hi all! I developed a gadget to easily browse subpages through a collapsible menu, that I think might be useful in Wikibooks. Here's a little demo video:

[[File:Subpages_gadget_demo.webm|frameless]]

To test it yourself, add the following to [[Special:MyPage/common.js|your common.js]]:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;javascript&quot;&gt;
mw.loader.load( '//www.mediawiki.org/w/load.php?modules=ext.gadget.Global-Subpages' );
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

If you find it useful, I can enable it as a gadget to make it generally available from the preferences. Thoughts? Cheers! [[User:Sophivorus|Sophivorus]] ([[User talk:Sophivorus|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Sophivorus|contribs]]) 16:02, 2 July 2026 (UTC)

:Wikibooks relies heavily on subpages, so this is a nice addition. Merci. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 16:43, 2 July 2026 (UTC)
:This could be extremely useful for books here!! I'll note, though, that it doesn't work quite right with the vector legacy skin (what I use). —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 01:20, 3 July 2026 (UTC)
: @[[User:Sophivorus|Sophivorus]] I will be the one in charge installing this as a gadget since there is no objection, but what dependecies does this gadget need to use? You might also want to read Kittycataclysm's suggestion above. ''Muchos saludos''. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0024FF&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 23:08, 9 July 2026 (UTC)
::@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]] Hi! I just fixed the issue with Vector legacy and also for other skins. Regarding dependencies, this gadget requires &lt;code&gt;mediawiki.api&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;@wikimedia/codex&lt;/code&gt;. If you want to take care of the installation, please do not copy-paste the source code, but rather load the global version using &lt;code&gt;mw.loader.load( '//www.mediawiki.org/w/load.php?modules=ext.gadget.Global-Subpages' );&lt;/code&gt;, like other [[mw:Global gadgets|global gadgets]]. Thanks! [[User:Sophivorus|Sophivorus]] ([[User talk:Sophivorus|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Sophivorus|contribs]]) 14:22, 22 July 2026 (UTC)
::: I put the code on the gadgets definition page @[[User:Sophivorus|Sophivorus]], but feel free to fix what I placed. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 21:45, 22 July 2026 (UTC)
::::Just checking in here—was this resolved/completed? I see [[MediaWiki:Gadget-Subpages.js]], and I assume everything is now taken care of in terms of WB-wide installation? —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 16:14, 30 October 2026 (UTC)
::::: This was already resolved, feel free to close this. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:09, 30 October 2026 (UTC)

== Breadcrumbs in the title ==

Hi! I think breadcrumbs would be more intuitive, compact and cleaner if they were integrated into the title rather than below it, like so:

&lt;gallery&gt;
Wikisource breadcrumbs proposal (before).png|Current breadcrumbs
Wikisource breadcrumbs proposal (after).png|Proposed breadcrumbs
&lt;/gallery&gt;

What do you think? [[User:Sophivorus|Sophivorus]] ([[User talk:Sophivorus|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Sophivorus|contribs]]) 16:02, 17 August 2026 (UTC)

:I appreciate the effort, but I don't see a big difference or that one would be more usable than another. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 19:14, 17 August 2026 (UTC)

:I like proposal and I think it would be an improvement. Having the breadcrumbs twice, as in the current system, creates a redundant ui element. I also think the formatting around the forward slashes in the &quot;new&quot; version better conveys that they have specific technical meaning and are not part of the name of the page. --[[User:JCrue|JCrue]] ([[User talk:JCrue|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/JCrue|contribs]]) 14:52, 7 October 2026 (UTC)

== Approve [[Wikibooks:CheckUser]] as a local policy? ==
Some of the text was based off of the global CheckUser policy, but in this case, should we approve [[Wikibooks:CheckUser]] as a local policy? There is a special clause allowing stewards to perform checks even during non-emergency situations (as set in [[Wikibooks:Global rights policy]]). I have yet to include a part where users may request CU checks. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 21:55, 13 September 2026 (UTC)

:I'm somewhat just unsure on what the benefit of making this policy would be. Sure, there's strength in policy, of course. But this seems to be doing fine overall as an information page, no? It doesn't differ very much from the global CU policy, so I'm not sure that a page without any Wikibooks-specific information really benefits from policy status. [[User:EggRoll97|EggRoll97]] ([[User talk:EggRoll97|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/EggRoll97|contribs]]) 00:22, 14 September 2026 (UTC)
:I would {{support}} this. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 00:26, 20 September 2026 (UTC)

== FlaggedRevs again ==
{{closed|[[phab:T440519]] was done, sending FlaggedRevs down to the void. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:52, 27 October 2026 (UTC)}}
&lt;div class=&quot;cd-moveMark&quot;&gt;''Moved from [[Wikibooks:Reading room/General#FlaggedRevs again]].  [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:01, 1 October 2026 (UTC)''&lt;/div&gt;
Hi all. I already know there were various topics over the years about this subject, but I was considering for the project on whether we should remove this extension from this project, and go back to using MediaWiki's page patrol system.

Currently, there is a backlog of more than 3000 unreviewed edits (some going back as far as a few years ago); that’s why I started this discussion here.

{{collapse top}}
* &lt;code&gt;autoreview&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;editor&lt;/code&gt; would be &lt;code&gt;autopatrolled&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;patroller&lt;/code&gt;, respectively.
* &lt;code&gt;wgUseNPPatrol&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;wgUseFilePatrol&lt;/code&gt; would be re-enabled for English Wikibooks.
* &lt;code&gt;autopatrol&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;patrol&lt;/code&gt; would be re-assigned back to sysops and their respective user groups.
* &lt;code&gt;patroller&lt;/code&gt; would also have &lt;code&gt;rollback&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;suppressredirect&lt;/code&gt; and its rate limit untouched.
{{collapse bottom}}

Best, [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 12:56, 30 September 2026 (UTC)

:{{s}} the removal of FlaggedRevs. Inasmuch as the extension works at all, it works best when it is used selectively on projects like Wikipedia, for individual high-traffic pages with lots of watchers which are subject to vandalism or controversy. Wikibooks is not a good use case for this extension. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 15:51, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{s}} I don't see any way that backlog ever gets cleared, frankly, and if it isn't going to be cleared, we might as well go to something easier, which is the normal page patrol system, which works well off of [[Special:NewPages]] already. [[User:EggRoll97|EggRoll97]] ([[User talk:EggRoll97|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/EggRoll97|contribs]]) 00:31, 3 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{neutral}} - Wikibooks is not a good use case for this extension, and with 3000 unreviewed edits with no progress at all, it does make sense to remove it. On the other hand, there could be a WikiProject to review each of these edits. For this reason, I am voting neutral [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 13:41, 3 October 2026 (UTC)
:: There was the outdated [[Wikibooks:New page patrol]] before this project used FlaggedRevs. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:22, 3 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{support}} the removal of FlaggedRevs from Wikibooks. It's a redundant extension that's not useful in this wiki. --[[User:Agusbou2015|Agusbou2015]] ([[User talk:Agusbou2015|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Agusbou2015|contribs]]) 21:53, 3 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{Support}}. Several years ago I spent hundreds of hours trying to do the first review of every page. I managed to get all the root pages done but only got as far as &quot;E&quot; for the other pages. While I was doing this I stopped reviewing changes - and in that time over a 1,000 out of date pages were in the list. I concluded it was an impossible task unless lots of people joined in the work but that didn't happen and I doubt it ever will. I do think it has value for Wikijunior in showing the last reviewed page rather than the possibly offensively vandalised latest revision, but other than that it's a waste of time. At some point the extension will get fully deprecated and we'll be forced to stop using it anyway. [[User:MarcGarver|MarcGarver]] ([[User talk:MarcGarver|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MarcGarver|contribs]]) 09:53, 6 October 2026 (UTC)
:Will &lt;code&gt;patroller&lt;/code&gt; be granted automatically? [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 13:24, 6 October 2026 (UTC)
:: Unfortunately, no. Since we will stop using FlaggedRevs, the patroller user group will not be granted automatically and thus will have to be manually given out by administrators. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 13:46, 6 October 2026 (UTC)
:::@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]]: And are we planning on giving back the &lt;code&gt;patroller&lt;/code&gt; right to existing reviewers? Or will they have to manually reapply? [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 02:30, 8 October 2026 (UTC)
:::: I have a plan: any former reviewer who has been active recently in the past two years will have patroller rights. This will be done to reduce a huge amount of inactive former reviewers. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 12:26, 8 October 2026 (UTC)
::::Keep the name the same; just remove the reviewer right. After all, patrolling is a form of reviewing. [[User:Leaderboard|Leaderboard]] ([[User talk:Leaderboard|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Leaderboard|contribs]]) 18:52, 8 October 2026 (UTC)
::::: Do we have to use the term {{tq|reviewing}} instead of {{tq|patrolling}}? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:57, 8 October 2026 (UTC)
:::{{ping|Codename Noreste}} Is there a reason that we should not simply give the reviewer group the &lt;code&gt;patrol&lt;/code&gt; right, and keep the auto-granting going? [[Wikibooks:Reviewers#Automatic criteria]] does not appear to be FlaggedRevs-specific, so auto-promotion should still be able to continue even without FlaggedRevs, and reviewers could simply become patrollers (in the technical sense). [[User:EggRoll97|EggRoll97]] ([[User talk:EggRoll97|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/EggRoll97|contribs]]) 07:55, 10 October 2026 (UTC)
:::: I believe that would require some additional code on InitialiseSettings.php, and as for &lt;code&gt;reviewer&lt;/code&gt;, I'm not sure we should still use that user group term over &lt;code&gt;patroller&lt;/code&gt; as per the point {{tq|Special groups on small wikis}} on [[m:Limits to configuration changes]]. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 13:58, 10 October 2026 (UTC)
: If you take a look at the extended content, I also included what I also proposed too. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:19, 6 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{comment}}. The [[mw:Extension:FlaggedRevs|FlaggedRevs extension]] is not recommended for production use, per Mediawiki. On this basis alone we should discontinue use of it. However, we haven't determined if page patrolling is the best replacement. There are [[mw:Content approval extensions|alternative extensions]] and the mediawiki page for FlaggedRevs specifically recommends [[mw:Extension:Approved Revs|'''Approved Revs extension''']]. We should determine which of page patrolling or these extensions is the most appropriate antivandalism tool first. (after all, according to [[Help:Tracking_changes#Reviewing_pages]], the purpose of FlaggedRevs is to be &quot;our primary counter-vandalism tool&quot;). --[[User:JCrue|JCrue]] ([[User talk:JCrue|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/JCrue|contribs]]) 14:48, 7 October 2026 (UTC)
:: Approved Revs would require significant testing and approval per [[mw:Writing an extension for deployment]]. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 16:35, 7 October 2026 (UTC)
{{end closed}}

== Disable (some) page creation by temporary accounts ==
{{tracked|T443449}}
Creating a new book, or adding a chapter to an existing book, is a significant action, and users performing this action should be available to discuss it. Additionally, in practice, most page creations by temp accounts are out of scope, if not outright vandalism. (See https://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&amp;type=create for some examples.)

As such, I'd like to propose that the wiki require a registered account to create pages in any non-talk namespace. Temporary accounts will still be able to edit existing pages, or to create talk pages to start discussions. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 18:48, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
: From a technical point of view, this would require moving &lt;code&gt;createpage&lt;/code&gt; from unregistered users (&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;) to registered users (&lt;code&gt;user&lt;/code&gt;), but that would mean every non-registered user may not be able to create pages in every namespace, but talk pages.
: Another solution would be to add [[mw:Extension:ArticleCreationWorkflow]] to this project, but we don't have a system to create drafts (or similar).
: And a final solution would be to create an edit filter disallowing unregistered users from creating pages in mainspace. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:43, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
:: Just to note, please read the first point of [[m:Limits to configuration changes#Changes that are likely to be declined]] (Disable non-autoconfirmed page creation). [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:50, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
:::What I'm proposing is that we require a registered account for page creation, not autoconfirmed. enwiki (as well as a few other wikis) already use this configuration - it's not new. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 19:58, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
:::: Okay, but I provided some alternatives above. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 20:06, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
: In that case, I have no objections here. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:03, 6 October 2026 (UTC)
:I would propose the use of autoconfirmed, to better patrol new pages that are being created. There are countless advertisement pages being created on Wikibooks, usually in the user's userpage. The use of a registered account proposed by Omphalographer therefore may have some limitations. I agree with the proposal to make new pages strictly autoconfirmed. If a user wishes to create a page, there could be a feature for reviewers/patrollers to check such pages that are being created. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 13:36, 9 October 2026 (UTC)
:: You might want to read my point about limits to configuration changes. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 14:53, 9 October 2026 (UTC)
:Why turn off potential good contributors by telling them they must register AND log-in in order to contribute? The problem at Wikibooks right now is the dearth of contributions, not vandalism, I think (?). 
:* Anons are already precluded from editing pages that have been &quot;protected&quot; by admins. 
:* Anon user contributions are automatically marked for Review before they become public
:* There are less than 500 anon accounts that have contributed more than one edit to Wikibooks? 
:Is it really necessary to stop us from contributing to Wikibooks? [[Special:Contributions/~2026-40500-29|~2026-40500-29]] ([[User talk:~2026-40500-29|talk]]) 00:19, 10 October 2026 (UTC)
:: {{ping|~2026-40500-29}} The initial question was not whether registered accounts can contribute, it is whether temporary accounts can create pages. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 00:48, 10 October 2026 (UTC)
:::Isn't the creation of new pages a subset of potential contributions to Wikibooks? Are you saying that some members in good standing of this community are only allowed to correct obvious spelling and grammar mistakes by others? [[Special:Contributions/~2026-40500-29|~2026-40500-29]] ([[User talk:~2026-40500-29|talk]]) 19:23, 11 October 2026 (UTC)
::::That message was to {{comment}} that this discussion was about creating pages, not about whether anonymous users can contribute. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 07:22, 13 October 2026 (UTC)
:: @[[User:~2026-40500-29|~2026-40500-29]], is your response considered an objection? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:55, 27 October 2026 (UTC)
:Limiting page creation to registered users might reduce new spam/promotional/out of scope pages. I disagree with 2026-405000-29 that requiring account registration is unnecessarily burdensome for new editors. 
:I don't know where the number &lt;500 anon accounts have contributed more than one edit comes from and it seems unlikely to me: that would mean there have only been 23 anon editors per year since wikibooks was founded. Looking at Special:RecentChanges there seems to be four or five anon editors a day. 
:Overall I think it is a reasonable restriction. I can't speak to the technical aspects of this change (re configuration changes, vs. autoconfirmed patrolling, etc) but if it is easy to implement I support it. [[User:JCrue|JCrue]] ([[User talk:JCrue|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/JCrue|contribs]]) 10:13, 12 October 2026 (UTC)
::i think setting limitations to configuration changes would affect those who are unregistered users.anyway it is 
::a good idea though but let's think about it outside the box [[User:Luhesa Kahuma|Luhesa Kahuma]] ([[User talk:Luhesa Kahuma|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Luhesa Kahuma|contribs]]) 22:47, 30 October 2026 (UTC)
: I see consensus here to implement this change, but I will wait one more day before I implement the patch on Gerrit. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 22:02, 2 November 2026 (UTC)
:{{done|I filed [[phab:T443449]]}}. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 14:40, 3 November 2026 (UTC)

== Add inactivity policies for patrollers and uploaders? ==
I am proposing that we include inactivity policies for both patrollers and uploaders, which include no edits or logged actions for two years.

I previously proposed this for [now former] reviewers, but someone probably objected. Now, if their rights are removed for inactivity, they can request them back at [[WB:RFP]] (without prejudice), unless the rights were removed for cause (such as a vote of confidence).

Edit: Someone also proposed inactivity policies for importers (and possibly import uploaders too), which are sensitive permissions. I initially forgot to include that permission when creating this proposal, but now I am also proposing for importer permissions to have an inactivity policy.

Which procedure should we choose if we agree on the inactivity policy proposals? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 22:18, 18 October 2026 (UTC)
: {{Oppose}} - There is no need for inactivity policies for patrollers and uploaders, since there is no harm in keeping patrollers and uploaders in the current roles. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 00:09, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
:: I have to disagree here. Some larger projects have their own inactivity policies for patrollers, such as [[m:Meta:Patrollers#Removal of access]] on Meta-Wiki and [[w:en:WP:NPPREVOKE]] (new page reviewers on English Wikipedia, a similar permission). [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 00:34, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
::: CC to @[[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]], who was previously TechVindicator. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:01, 27 October 2026 (UTC)
:@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]]: I will say that it seems odd to propose these policies for patrollers and uploaders without proposing an equivalent for [[WB:importers|importers]], when that's arguably a far more sensitive role. I do at least support an inactivity policy for importers, and am as yet neutral vis-à-vis patrollers and uploaders. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 02:05, 21 October 2026 (UTC)
:: @[[User:JJPMaster|JJPMaster]] I've edited my proposal to also include both importers and import uploaders. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:29, 22 October 2026 (UTC)

== Approving [[Wikibooks:Outdated books]] as a policy ==
I created this draft policy two years ago, and would like to see whether the community is willing to approve it now. I have substituted it in its current form (00:16, 20 October 2026 (UTC)) below:
{{hidden archive top|Policy text}}

Sometimes, there will be a book that has a lot of information that was very useful at the time, but has become out of date over time. There are generally two procedures that can be followed here.

;For books that aren't up to date, but can be reasonably updated
This category applies to books that, for instance, have not been updated with new information in a few years, but where the subject still exists and new information can be found about it. In this scenario, you should add the {{tlx|Outdated}} tag to the top of the book, and post on its discussion page explaining what should be updated. Or, you can always just [[Wikibooks:Be bold|be bold]] and update it yourself!

;For books that cannot be reasonably updated
This category includes books that are so outdated that their subject either no longer exists, or has changed so much since the book was written that it is virtually unrecognizable, and it would be nearly impossible to update it satisfactorily. These books should generally not be deleted, as they do provide valuable information, but should not be easily accessible to readers looking for recent information. Here, the following instructions should be followed.

If the case is unambiguous:
# Add {{tlx|Archived}} to the top of the book. Doing this will also remove it from search engine indexes, unless you override this by using {{tlx|Archived|2=noindex=false}}.
# Move the book to a subpage of [[Wikibooks:Outdated books/Archive]].
# Replace the content of the redirect left behind after the move with {{tlx|Soft redirect|2=Wikibooks:Outdated books/Archive/&lt;book title&gt;}}.
# (''optional'') Inform the author(s) of the book of your decision.

If the case is ambiguous:

Follow these steps if there is any reasonable doubt about if the book can be updated.
# Follow the instructions at {{Section link|Wikibooks:Requests for deletion#Deletion}} to file a request. Make sure to note that the request is for archiving, not deletion.
# The proposal for archiving will be discussed.
# If consensus has been reached to archive the book, any uninvolved user may close the discussion and follow the instructions in {{Section link|#If the case is unambiguous}}. Otherwise, the book will remain as is.
{{hidden archive bottom}} [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 00:16, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
: I have a question, is there any difference if we approve this as a guideline (common sense) compared to as a policy? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 00:24, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
::@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]]: That would also be fine; I'm not exactly sure if the delineation between guidelines and policies on Wikibooks is as clearly defined as on Wikipedia. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 00:27, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
::: I would suggest approving this as a guideline should an experienced, yet uninvolved editor may use their judgment and common sense when dealing with outdated books. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 00:29, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
: {{support}} for approval as a guideline, as I said and mentioned above. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:45, 27 October 2026 (UTC)

== Wikibooks Magazine ==
I am proposing that we create a magazine quarterly, or bimonthly detailing latest news on Wikibooks (and maybe ''some'' current affairs, considering the shutdown of Wikinews, though this is unlikely).
&lt;br&gt;
If it were to be approved, it would be inspired by the WikiKids magazine in Dutch [https://wikikids.nl/Wikikids:Magazine/11 link], though with a Wikibooks feel. A user could propose something for the next Wikibooks Magazine on the talk page of [[Wikibooks:Magazine]], including ideas for the next Wikibooks magazine. It would be promoted on the front page (and maybe) on the MediaWiki Sitenotice, providing information about the next edition. On Wikikids, the project has been going on since 2024, and since then there have been 11 editions. What do you think?
[[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 00:20, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{Courtesy ping|Codename Noreste}} [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 00:36, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{Courtesy ping|JJPMaster}} [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 23:04, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
:I '''weak support''' a '''quarterly''' publication. There isn't a ton of activity here compared to many other &lt;abbr&gt;WMF&lt;/abbr&gt; wikis, so there won't be quite as much to report as there is at (e.g.) [[:w:en:WP:SIGNPOST]] or [[:wikt:en:WIktionary:The Headword]] but that said, having a publication could encourage engagement by showing what hard work others are doing. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 19:36, 21 October 2026 (UTC)
: Because of the low activity, should the releases be biannual (every six months)? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:29, 22 October 2026 (UTC)
::I would support a quarterly publication, given the fact that Wikibooks does not have enough traffic (in my opinion) to justify a bimonthly publication, but, at the same time, the idea of a biannual publication seems relatively infrequent. Furthermore, the magazine would follow the quarterly format used on WikiKids. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 03:47, 23 October 2026 (UTC)
: We can do that with [[Wikibooks:Magazine]]. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:00, 27 October 2026 (UTC)
::I will create a page about what the Wikibooks Magazine on the page provided, and the editions that will follow. [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 07:32, 28 October 2026 (UTC)

== Discussion on whether to create an extended mover user group ==
Currently, patrollers (formerly reviewers) have the &lt;code&gt;suppressredirect&lt;/code&gt; user right as well as a rate limit per InitialiseSettings.php. However, I am consulting with the community if we:
# Remove &lt;code&gt;suppressredirect&lt;/code&gt; from patrollers
# Add &lt;code&gt;suppressredirect&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;extendedmover&lt;/code&gt; as well as include &lt;code&gt;delete-redirect&lt;/code&gt; (for deleting redirects with a single revision) and &lt;code&gt;move-subpages&lt;/code&gt; (to move all subpages of a book in a single action)
# Also include &lt;code&gt;noratelimit&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;extendedmover&lt;/code&gt; instead of using a custom rate limit (optional), or increase the limit to 500
This is because, per the principle of least privilege, patrollers should be responsible for marking new pages as patrolled and reverting vandalism/spam, while extended movers are trustworthy users (usually non-admins) responsible for moving books, et al.

This is ''not'' a proposal to implement the extended mover user group, but rather a community consultation. Thoughts? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:48, 20 October 2026 (UTC)

:@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]]: Relevant prior discussion can be found [[Wikibooks:Reading room/Proposals/2020/December#Suppress redirect feature|here]]. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 20:21, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
:Oppose, don't see the point. [[User:Leaderboard|Leaderboard]] ([[User talk:Leaderboard|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Leaderboard|contribs]]) 11:12, 3 November 2026 (UTC)
:: Oddly enough, while patrollers have a rate limit of moving more pages in under a minute, they do not have &lt;code&gt;move-subpages&lt;/code&gt; (which allows them to move a book and its subpages in a single action). Without that mechanism to move subpages, they will have to perform some additional moves by hand. Because of that, I said that &lt;code&gt;move-subpages&lt;/code&gt; will be added to the extended mover user group. Since that user group is considered a somewhat privileged (non-admin) user group, it will be granted to trustworthy users who have a demonstrated need for it, provided that they have a history of moving pages without causing some sort of disruption during the process. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 15:43, 3 November 2026 (UTC)

== Enabling wgUseRCPatrol ==
Some of our sister projects have &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;wgUseRCPatrol&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; enabled, but on the other hand, we do not. I think we should enable this so that we can also focus on reviewing edits in the recent changes, not just new pages. [[Wikibooks:Patrolling]] can also include information about this once we enable it here. Thoughts? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:39, 27 October 2026 (UTC)
: {{support}}. This would mimic the functionality of FlaggedRevs when reviewing pages and would help detect vandalism much easier. [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 04:35, 2 November 2026 (UTC)
: {{support}} per above.--[[User:TunnelESON|TunnelESON]] ([[User talk:TunnelESON|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TunnelESON|contribs]]) 03:20, 5 November 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>jdco608tguqwcj2e4s6gfu09dtkdqdz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
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    <title>Aros/Platforms/AROS USB support</title>
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{{ArosNav}}


==Host Adapter Protocol USB1 OHCI UHCI USB2 EHCI USB3.0 USB3.1 xHCI ==

Please let us know any mistakes or any information to be added, use Prefs/Trident to confirm Vendor and Product IDs 
Please chat at [https://www.arosworld.org/index.php AROS World]

*1996 USB1.0
*1998 USB1.1
*2000 USB2.0
*2008 USB3.0
*2013 USB3.1
*2017 USB3.2


AROS has these USB transfers 

*Control     - 
*Bulk        - Midi 1.0 ( 'send my data when you can' )
*Interrupt   - Midi 2.0
*Isochronous - USBAudio, Webcams, etc 

Isochronous is the starting point of modern types of multimedia creativity. IsoChronous isoc code is already in place in poseidon.library and '''scheduled''' transfers are queued to be later rerouted in the host driver code (needs to be written for each host protocol e.g. OCHI, UCHI, EHCI and [https://cdrdv2-public.intel.com/625472/625472_xHCI_Rev1_2b.pdf#:~:text=Page%203.%20Document%20Number:%20625472%2C%20Revision:%201.2b.%203. XHCI rev1.2], [https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/content-details/868296/extensible-host-controller-interface-for-universal-serial-bus-xhci-requirements-specification-r2-0.html rev2], etc). There seems to be 2 types of isoc transfers, one is just the normal isoc transfer and the other is realtime implementation of isoc transfer. 

For isoc transfer there needs to be a scheduler that makes sure no isoc transfers are dropped (in or out) and that they happen at the right time. It all gets difficult as the device making use of the isoc transfer may be at any point on the device tree. One needs to calculate the USB bandwidth for the packet based periodic transfers that are initiated by the host which have fixed but guaranteed bandwidth. Host controllers guarantee this bandwidth by planning a schedule of transfers ahead of time to ensure there is enough time reserved on the bus.

[https://www.intel.co.uk/content/www/uk/en/products/docs/io/universal-serial-bus/ehci-specification.html EHCI] [https://www.thegoodpenguin.co.uk/blog/understanding-why-usb-isochronous-bandwidth-errors-occur/ bus-bandwidth] vs payload-bandwidth and the algorithm of the EHCI scheduler. 
The bandwidth of the endpoint in terms of payload data (stuff we put in a packet) and the protocol overhead, signalling imposed bit stuffing, host delays etc. 

Poseidon controls the driver and device tree and it provides an API to communicate with the USB devices. Poseidon really doesn't care much about what sort of transfer pipe is opened or used, it only provides the means to do so and forwards the iorequests to the correct driver. Poseidon code is the higher level code for USB communication and drivers are of course the lower level one.


[[File:Psd.svg|220px|right]]


; Best Hardware - NEC Chipset (OHCI + EHCI), Intel Chipset (UHCI + EHCI), XHCI USB3.0, USB3.1 &amp; gen 2 Type-A Type-B Type-C 
; Next Best Set - General OHCI, SIS (OHCI + EHCI), 
; Buggy Chipset - [ Early AMD OHCI], ALi OHCI, VIA UHCI, Nvidia OHCI &amp; EHCI, 


=== USB1.1 ===
OHCI USB 1.1 - USB-IF sanctioned standard but hardware physical form removed with USB2.0 and replaced with virtual emulation of USB1 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| ALi Agere M5273 A1 M5237 Lucent USS-312 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Maybe}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| StarTech PCI425USB, CompUSA Iogear GIC220U-b, Nvidia 220 mobo, USBA2041P, ALi SU2A-PS, 
|-
| AMD 756 Chipset (onboard motherboard) 
| 0x1022 
| 0x740c 
| 0x06
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| no [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?post_id=31308#forumpost31308 usb devices detected] Geode GX1, 
|-
| CMD DU-A2 Silicon Image 0670 (pci AMD chipset)
| 0x1095
| 0x0670
| 0x06
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| Silicon Image 0673 (pci AMD chipset)
| 0x1095
| 0x0673
| 0x06
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| Nvidia Nforce2 USB
| 0x10de 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Maybe|Bios options vary but does with Plop Boot}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| Tested with 20th Aug 2012 improvement 
|-
| NEC µPD720100AGM 
| 0x1033
| 0x0035
| 0x 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Unk}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Unk}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| untested - Amiga Spider card with possible bottleneck issues at higher speeds 
|-
| NEC µPD720101AGM 720101GJ
| 0x1033
| 0x0035
| 0x43
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| Mac mini, Belkin F5U219vea (2+1 ports), Belkin F5U220vea1 (4+1 ports), Adaptec 3100LP, BAFO BF-460, GWC UC-160, IOGear GIC250U, Keyspan U2PCI-5, O'toLink U2-C2B U2-C2A U2-P20N U2-P50, Ratoc PCIU5, USBWholesale UII-PCIP 
|-
| NEC µPD720102
| 0x1033
| 0x00
| 0x 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Unk|untested }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Unk|untested }}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| Opti 82C861 2-port 
| 0x1045
| 0xc861
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| no USB devices detected - Belkin F5U005, 
|-
| SIS 7001 OCHI 
| 0x1039
| 0x7001
| 0x0f
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 20th Aug 2012 - not booting stalls on GRUB word with Plop Boot 
|-
|}


UHCI USB 1.1 - Intel standard but since 2009 no hardware support as USB2 introduced virtual emulation of USB1 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Intel 
| 0x8086 
| 0x
| 0x01 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No|not in bios use AROS floppy disc boot}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| Intel 82371AB EB MB PIIX4 
| 0x8086 
| 0x7112
| 0x01 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No|none in bios use other booting options}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|Detects most devices}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|most devices but not RTL8187b WG111v3 blue led not on and does not work}}
|  
|-
| Intel 82801DB/DBL/DBM (onboard i830 mbd)
| 0x8086 
| 0x24c4 
| 0x01 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Yes|but not from bios but floppy options}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Yes|}}
| RTL8187b WG111v3 blue led on and although device has software failure and recoverable error IT STILL WORKS. Fresh start sometimes needs Network Prefs Saved to work. 
|-
| VIA MVP4 (onboard mbd)
| 0x1106
| 0x30
| 0x40 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|most devices}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|most devices but not wireless options}}
| RTL8187b WG111v3 detected but blue led not on and does not work 
|-
| VIA VT82xx (onboard mbd)
| 0x1106
| 0x3038
| 0x40 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|most devices}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|most devices but not wireless usb}}
| RTL8187b WG111v3 blue led on but does not work 
|-
| VIA VT6202 (VIA VT83C572)
| 0x1106
| 0x3038
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|}} 
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| A-Best USB-200, Cables N Mor USBPCI, CompUSA, D-Link DSB500, Digital/Research DRUSBCARD, Kouwell IOFlex 580, StarMount USB VIA, 
|-
| VIA VT6112 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| VIA VT6212 (pci card)
| 0x1106
| 0x3038
| 0x61
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 2011 seems to have issues with other identical via based USB controller(s) present 
|-
| VIA VT6214L 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
|}


=== USB 2.0 EHCI ===
The USB-IF insisted on only one implementation of EHCI but it creates 4 virtual hcd to cover USB1.1 support. The virtual HCD on Intel and VIA EHCI controllers are UHCI. All other vendors use virtual OHCI controllers. Hardware EHCI USB2.0 ended in most chipsets in 2014/5 and is now virtual through most newer USB3.0 chipsets 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| ALi Agere M5273 A1 Lucent USS-344 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| {{N/A|untested}} belkin F5U006, 
|-
| Nvidia Nforce2 USB
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| Intel 82801DB/DBM (onboard mbd)
| 0x8086 
| 0x24cd 
| 0x01 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| NEC µPD720100AGM 
| 0x1033
| 0x00E0
| 0x 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| {{N/A|untested - Amiga Spider card}}
|-
| NEC 72101 GJ
| 0x1033 
| 0x00e0 
| 0x04
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| Belkin F5U219 VEA1 (pci), 
|-
| SIS ECHI 
| 0x1039
| 0x7002
| 0x00
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|issues about which port is used if it works at all}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| VIA VT6202 
| 0x1106
| 0x3104
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| VIA VT6212 (pci card)
| 0x1106
| 0x3104
| 0x62
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes|detects}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
|}


=== USB 3.x SuperSpeed SS (Speed 5Gbit/s 3.1 gen 1) aka xHCI eXtensible ===

USB Attached SCSI (UAS or UASP) is a protocol used for high-speed data transfer between computers and external storage devices like SSDs, HDDs, and some flash drives. It provides up to 70% faster read/write speeds than traditional Bulk-Only Transport (BOT) by allowing multiple commands to run in parallel, rather than waiting in a queue

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fresco Logic FL1000 FL 1000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1B73
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1000 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;link power management (LPM, USB 3.0 power saving) cannot be disabled so random connection issues  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fresco Logic FL1009-200 FL 1009 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1009 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Orico PFU3-2P
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fresco Logic FL1100-100 FL 1100SX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1100 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;LPM cannot be disabled so issues with disconnecting WD drives etc - CalDigit, ORICO PFU3-2P, FASTA-6GU3 Pro, inatech KTU3FR-2P 2 port USB 3.0,  and Inateck KT4004 (KTU3FR-4PA rev B2) for storage and hubs, etc 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fresco Logic FL1400 FL 1400 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1400 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fresco Logic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NEC Renesas xHCI µPD720200 uPD720200a chip
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1d6b
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0194
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|no USB3 but seems to works like USB2}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;recognized but not supported for USB3 but works like USB2 - ORICO PRU3-4P 4 Port USB, early Dell Wyse zx0 thin client,  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NEC Renesas xHCI µPD720201 uPD720201 chip
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x114 0x0115 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;recognized but not supported 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NEC Renesas xHCI µPD720202 uPD720202 chip
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1912 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0015
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;recognized but not supported 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.ti.com/product/tusb7340 TI] tusb7340 TUSB732 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8241
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;recognized but not supported Koutech IO-PEU436 but only one with open docs 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel xHCI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;recognized but not supported - integrated since Ivybridge 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel xHCI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Marvell 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Via Labs VL800 xHCI 0.96 support in VL800, VIA VL811 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3432 0x3438 0x3515 and 0x9201
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}} 2.0 backwards support 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Anker 68UPPCIE-2S20PU 2 port, Plugable 4-Port, GA-z77x-ud5h rev. 1.1 mobo, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Via Labs VL811+ 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Via Labs VL812 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;xHCI 1.0 support in VL805 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


USB 3.1 (power up to 100W and data 10Gbit/s USB 3.2 gen 2 - USB-A Full size plug - USB-B micro USB size - USB-C reversible) 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asmedia ASM1142 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1B21 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Connector: USB Type C and  USB Type A x 1 - Ugreen USB C PCI Card 2 Port USB 3.1 Type C 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Marvell 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel xHCI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[ Intel] Revision 1.8 1.9 Updated  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VLI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;AUKEY 4 Ports USB C , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Startech - PEXUSB312C - 2-port Usb 3.1 10Gbit/s
|-
|}

USB 3.2 (power up to 100W and data 20Gbit/s gen 2x2 - USB-A Full size plug - USB-B micro USB size - USB-C reversible) 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Marvell 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel xHCI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[ Intel] Revision 2.6 Update  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VLI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}

=== USB 4 (40Gbps thunderbolt, pcie 3.0 tunnelling, ) ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Marvell 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMD Ryzen7 6800U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel Goshen Ridge JHL8440 Controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VLI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{N/A|}}
|  
|-
|}


== hid.class (Human Interface Device) ==

=== Keyboard ===

 Some multi-finger touchpad support works but not on all touchpads  

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8BitDo Retro N C64 edition Keyboard, the super button accessory and optional N30 mouse
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 87 keys Kailh white}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8bitdo 108 Retro Mechanical Keyboard (white kailh) and two superbuttons (green) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Apple Pro Keyboard
| 0x05ac
| 0x0205 
| 0x0122
| {{yes|works (its two hub ports) but mouse scroll wheel issues}}
|-
| Apple Pro Keyboard
| 0x05AC
| 0x020B 
| 
| {{yes|works (two onboard ports also)}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Aigo K68 60% red switches, A68 A87 wireless 2G 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://amigakit.leamancomputing.com/catalog/product_info.php?cPath=49&amp;products_id=973 AmigaOne Keyboard]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akko TAC87 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 80% TKL }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akko MonsGeek FUN60 PRO&amp;MAX HE
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 60% hall effect }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akko 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 hall effect, good but expensive and software poor}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akko 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arteck HW197 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 keyboard and touchpad combo, aluminum frame, aa battery }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Azio Cascade 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Chilkey ND75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024  good 75% expensive}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Chilkey ND104 (Wuque Studios) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 premium clicky (WS Blue) or silent (WS White) key options with Ansi and ISO formats also numpad and calculator, aluminum machined, tri mode, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2026 untested magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Corsair K65 Mech MX no numeric keypad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Corsair CH-9000045 K70 Blue MX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Corsair K90 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Corsair K95 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Corsair K
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cherry G80 G80-3000L[x]C[yy]-[z] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cooler Master CM Storm Quickfire Rapid 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Corsair K100 Air 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 okay low profile but expensive 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Dell SK-8135 Dell USB Keyboard for Internet and Multimedia rev H for Dimension 4500, Dimension 8250, OptiPlex GX260n, OptiPlex GX60n, Precision 350 (R42232) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x413C
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2010 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes| usb1.1 keyboard hub 0x413C 0x1003 works as well - multimedia keys not mapped }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Deepcool KG722
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 65% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ducky Channel Zero DK2108 Mech Mechanical Cherry MX Red 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ducky Shine 3 Brown or Blue (DK9087) MX keys 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Das Keyboard Model S Ultimate 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker Cidoo V75 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x3151
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker rt100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 plastic build and no screws, numpad with small 0, mostly quiet seasalt switches, gimmick usb-c 1in screen}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EPOMAKER TH99  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }} USB-C full numpad keyboard 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;eopmaker P75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| expensive but good}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;eopmaker p87 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| expensive but good}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker x Leobog Hi75
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker x Feker Galaxy80
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker x Galaxy100 gmk/via 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 good 96% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker Aula F75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 budget version good 75% choice of 4 leobog switches}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;eopmaker Tide75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 good 75% and not too expensive}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker Ajazz AK992 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 109 key }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker Ajazz AK820 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker Ajazz AK35I V3 MAX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 104 keys - two models: wired and tri-mode connection - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker Aula F108 PRO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 pricy but okay 100% but only leobog graywood switches but hotswap available afterwards}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;eopmaker Ajazz AK980 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 97 keys }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker G87 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker RT82 RT85
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker RT100 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 96% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker x Galaxy100 lite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 good 96% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ATTACK SHARK X98 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 98% maybe silent linear feel with Two-color PBT keycap}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker ATTACK SHARK X68HE and X65HE 65% Wired Gaming Keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x3151
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x502D
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|2025 tested on Aros running on Raspberry Pi wired usb-c with magnetic hall effect keys}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Filco Ninja Majestouch-2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focus FK-760 Wireless Keyboard &amp; Trackball
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{yes|works}} but quality build issues raised 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GMMK Tenkeyless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested  default Gateron Brown switches for Kailh Box Jades default Gateron Brown switches for Kailh Box Jades}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GK61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GMK67 GMK87 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested budget good option}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hengchangtong HCT Limeme gk103s Entry Keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0xC0F4
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0009
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|half Keyboard left side only}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hexgears M2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 untested hotswap kaihl green switches}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hexgears 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Iqunix mq80
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 good 75% low profile keys
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Iqunix Magi65 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested good 65% low profile keys }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iqunix ez60 ez80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 untested specific hall effect switches - actuation point, rapid trigger, etc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Jomaa YiChip Wireless 50% key with touchpad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x3151 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3000
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|dongle detected, keys and pad not working - 2 AAA NM}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron q0
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2022 untested numpad only}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron q1 v1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2022 untested okay}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron Q6 Max 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 untested 75% with numeric numpad, barebones so choose switches and keycaps to suit }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron q1 MAX V1 MAX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 untested }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron Lemokey P1 QMK 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested best option to customise switches and keycaps}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron LemoKey X1 X3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 untested keycap swap only not switches}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron K2HE
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested okay}} wireless hall effect analogue on all keys 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron K4HE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 untested hall effect but software }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron K5 K17 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 untested okay low profile but }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron Q5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron K10 HE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kiiboom Breeze 75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 good 75% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meletrix Boog 75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 magnetic hall effect, good but expensive and software poor}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Melgeek O2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 low profile 75% but not repairable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOSART 2.4G Wireless 60% Keyboard Trackball 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x062a
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x4105
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|dongle recognised HID, keys worked, roller worked, scroll wheel works and shoulders works but buttons around left, top and right hand side (RHS) do not work and plastic and 2 AA MN1500}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mucai SiGma Micro MKA610 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1c4f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0084
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| unknown red keys - rgb backlighting - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://hjldemo.clsc.cn/ Guangzhou Zhentian Electronics Ltd] Perixx Periboard 505 Plus with Trackball 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|okay dome keyboard - poor trackball}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Guangzhou Zhentian Electronics Co., Ltd Perixx Periboard 706 Plus with Trackball Wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|generally okay dome with good sized keys but piano black surround fingerprint magnet, occasional brief trackball freezes after no use, takes some time to get used to the trackball size}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Perixx Periboard-716 Wireless (Chicony)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;04f2:1013
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|okay dome keyboard and trackpad}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Perixx Periboard-
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Perixx Periboard-
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lenovo SK-8825 41A5327 SIL12-W07 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;works manufactured for 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lite-On USB NetVista Full Width Keyboard 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x04b3
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3025
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;works 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech K320 Wireless Keyboard 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|The Logitech USB Unifying, Bolt, Lightspeed, or Nano receiver pairing}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech K340 Wireless Keyboard 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|The Logitech Unifying Receiver pairing}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech K400
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.logitech.com/en-us/product/wireless-touch-keyboard-k400r Logitech Wireless Touch Keyboard k400]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt; 0x046D
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 0xC52B
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt; 1201
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{yes|All (including multimedia) keys work. Some keys requires remapping with Trident. Touchpad works and acts as normal mouse. Presents itself in Trident as USB Receiver from Logitech with 3 HID bindings}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech K400 Plus K400+ 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech K600 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech TK820 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech TK830 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G915 TKL
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard TKL means no number pad}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lofree Lite84 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lofree Flow Lite100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 silent switches and low profile keys}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MACHENIKE K500 Wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 94 keys untested Hot Swappable 94 Keys 90% Layout }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MechLands Vibe99 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 100 keys untested Gasket-mounted Wired/Bluetooth/2.4GHz Wireless Mechanical Keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Comfortable Curve 2000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no| recognized but not supported}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Natural Ergonomic Keyboard 4000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|recognized but not supported}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Wireless Media Desktop 1000 (1356)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045e
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x00f9 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|working but not mouse part}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Niz Micro84 Duo82 X87 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 electro capacitive }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;nuphy gem80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| expensive but good}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;nuphy kick 75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 low profile 75% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;nuphy Air75 V3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025  75% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;nuphy node 100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 96% layout, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Qpad MK-50 MK-80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Qpad MK-90 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Chroma 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1532
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0203
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://openrazer.github.io/ Razer] Lycosa 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Blackwidow 2013 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  Cherry MX Blue  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razr Blackwidow Ultimate 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  Cherry MX Blue  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Blackwidow V4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  Razer Orange keys }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Blackwidow V4 Low Profile 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  Razer  keys }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Blackwidow V4 Pro 75% 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  Razer  keys }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Cynosa Lite V2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;1532
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x023f
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer DeathStalker 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer HuntsMan 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Ornata 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Orbweaver Chroma Keypad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1532
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0207
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Tartarus Keypad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  not hall effect and very expensive}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Redragon K668 RGB Gaming Keyboard Wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 untested 108 Keys Mechanical Keyboard w/Extra 4 Hotkeys Upgraded Hot-swappable Socket，Red Switch}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Redragon K689 PRO Wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 untested Gasket RGB Gaming Keyboard, 108 Keys Mechanical Keyboard w/Extra 4 Hotkeys, Upgraded Hot-swappable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rii K22
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 keyboard trackpad combo, non replaceable lithium battery, very compact}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Risophy 60
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 75% mechanical, hotswap so okay for price untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Risophy 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Royal Kludge RK65 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested cream switches }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SINO WEALTH Gaming KB SkyLion K68 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x258a
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x003a
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| blue stalks with rgb lighting}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SKYLOONG GK104 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested gateron }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SteelSeries 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TeckNet x300 2.4G Keyboard Mouse MosART 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x062A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x4101
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0312 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|1 AAA for each and works well - mouse slightly better built than keyboard rubberised membrane}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TeckNet X331 HDE 2.4G Keyboard wireless RCMCU 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0C45
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7000
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0001
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|wireless can be glitchy but few extra keys are mapped }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TeckNet X500 2.4G Keyboard Mouse MOSArt 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x062A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2901
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0112 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|works well especially large touchpad - usual rubber domed membraned keyboard mechanism }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tecware Specter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested good 75%}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Unicomp Model M USB 104 key 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }} IBM's and later Lexmark buckling spring switches 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Varmilo Minilo Bluebell (prestige silent) and Eculapytus (violet tactile)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 75% plastic build no screws not great to mod}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Varmilo Sword 68 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| expensive but good}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Varmilo 98 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 expensive but good and Kailh silent}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Weikav Velocifire Choice65 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Weikav Velocifire Lucky65 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wobkey Rainy 75
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x320F 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x5055
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 good 75% but not as expensive CNC Aluminum HMX/JWK/Cocoa Switches}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wobkey Crush 80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x320F 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x5588 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wobkey Crush80 Reboot Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x320F 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 very good but expensive Aluminum Hotswap Wireless RGB}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wobkey Rainy 75 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x320F
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wooting HE60 HE80 HE90 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 hall effect but expensive with good software}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Womier WK61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2021 untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Womier Sk71 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Womier Sk75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Womier Sk75 TMR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025  hall effect }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xenta White Wireless HK6718B+HM3302--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|works with Raspberry Pi untested on AROS native}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xinmeng X87 MAGIC_REFINER 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 untested keycap swap but not hotswapable switches}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yunzii AL66 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| milk switches, cherry PBT, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yunzi B75 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 budget good with cocoa cream switches }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yunzii AL75 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|good budget option with  swappable switches,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yunzii AL80
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 switches }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yunzi C75 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 budget good with  switches }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}

&lt;pre&gt;
linear  - creamy
tactile - thocky
clicky  - clacky 
&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;pre &gt;
Cherry MX Black are linear switches (no feedback); good for gaming. 
Cherry MX Red are linear (less noise no click) but more squishy; 
Cherry MX Brown are in between Blue and Red in style and tactile; 
Cherry MX Clear switches have soft tactile feedback (with no click). 
Cherry MX Blue have tactile feedback with a click (noisy); good for typing. 

Gateron Yellows KS-3, KS-3x47 or better Pros have a milky top and black bottom and linear 

TTC Silent Frozen v2. Linear and dead silent 
Mouse the huano brown with yellow dot for silent mouse clicks
Kailh red dust proof encoder for smooth and close to silent scrolling
Boba U4 Silent Tactile switches
Husky linears

HMX 
&lt;/pre &gt;


=== Mouse ===

if the USB mouse is non-functional put a USB pendrive in before or add the following to user-startup in '''s''' drawer/folder/directory

 sys:prefs/trident NOGUI &gt; NIL:

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; | Brand
! width=&quot;20%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; | Model
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| 3Dconnexion 
| 3D Mouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;[http://www.3dconnexion.com/products/spacenavigator.html SpaceNavigator]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| 3Dconnexion 
| 3D Mouse
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;SpacePilot Pro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| 3Dconnexion 
| Mouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;SpaceExplorer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| 3Dconnexion 
| Wireless Mouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;SpaceMouse 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;3D Optical 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wired 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0000:3825
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Belkin
| Combo mouse
|
| 0x05FE
| 0x0011
| Low 0100
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Cytec
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wired Mouse Gaming 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;R.A.T 5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Dell
| Mouse
| MO56UC
| 0x413C
| 0x3200
|
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;equatech / clone logitech  
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;wireless mouse
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;49779 / M185 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt; 3151:2020 later 3151:3020 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{Yes|detected and works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Hama
| RF Optical Mouse
| AM-6000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Keychron 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;M3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Keychron 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;M5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Keycron 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical Wireless 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;M6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested 1k polling and 16k dpi }}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Keychron 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical Wireless 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;M7
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested barebones 1k polling and 16k dpi, great for small hands, loud clicks}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;LogiCAD 3D
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;3D Mouse
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Magellan 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech
| Cordless Desktop Navigator 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{No|The Logitech Unifying Receiver pairing}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech Inc.
| First/Pilot Wheel Mouse
| N48/M-BB48 M-BE58 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech
| Wireless mouse
| [http://www.logitech.com/en-roeu/mice_pointers/mice/devices/5484 M305]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech
| Wireless RF Mouse
| MK710
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{No|The Logitech Unifying Receiver pairing}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitach
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;G304
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 very clicky}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless Mouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;MX Master Anywhere 2S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{No|untested}} micro USB charge port on front 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;M220 silent touch MR0085
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2018 needs usb dongle - quiet clicking }}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech Logi 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;MX Master 3S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{No|2021 untested usb-c bluetooth, inbuilt battery but muted clicks}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitach
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;G502 X Plus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2022 very clicky}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;M240 silent touch MR0105  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|2022 no dongle as bluetooth enabled but could work with Logi Bolt USB Receiver - 1 aa battery - quiet clicking}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;MX Master 4 MXM
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Bluetooth usb-c dongle, inbuilt lithium battery}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Brand
| Description
| Model
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Maxxter 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;248a:8566
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Maxxter 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;248a:8518
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;OrzerHome Maxxter 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;248a:8514
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested 1 aa with no on/off switch }}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Microsoft
| Wheel Mouse optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Microsoft
| Sidewinder Mouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Microsoft
| IntelliMouse Explorer USB optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Microsoft
| Wireless Optical Mouse 2000
|
| 0x045E
| 0x00F9 
|
| {{no|not working see keyboard Media Desktop 2000 above}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Microsoft 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;1461 1447 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{No|usb dongle matched to one mouse only no others}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Orochi 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Mamba 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Naga
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}} 17 buttons 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB Optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Naga Hex V2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}} MOBA Gaming Mouse, Professional Grade 16,000 DPI Sensor - RGB lighting 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB optical 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;DeathAdder 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Viper 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Basilisk V3 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested 1k polling, 35k dpi, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Trust
| Slimline Lasermouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| SteelSeries 
| Tobii EyeX EyeMobile PCEye 
| Eye Tracking Control 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}} gaze interaction track technology for augment augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;The Eye Tribe Tracker 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Eye 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB Optical Mouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;MV3000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x192f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0916
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|}

=== Trackball ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;3Dconnexion SpaceBall 5000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}} Labtec designed and rolled into new company 3dconnexion 2001 by owners Logitech 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ACCO Kensington Orbit optical F1233A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kensington Turbo Mouse 64210
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Clearly Superior Technologies. Model:CST 1000-RC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Trackman Marble Mouse Wired USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Cordless Trackman Wheel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Optical Trackman T-RB22 - Cordless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech M570 wireless
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Trackball Mouse Optical 1.0 USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft X05-87473 Trackball USB Optical 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}


=== KVM ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NanoKVM 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}


=== Gamepad ===

Controllers have mostly decided that the left analog joystick is keyboard equivalent of WASD and right joystick is your mouse. You also have 2 bumpers above the triggers. Shoot could be right trigger (so it doesn't involve taking your thumb off the right joystick). Face buttons for reloading or jump or other non-critical functions. Crank up the sensitivity and practice. 

Testing can be done with the TRIDENT Prefs, [https://devicetests.com/controller-tester html5], [https://greggman.github.io/html5-gamepad-test/ html5], or [https://gamepad-tester.com/ Tester]


==== Dinput Poseidon Default Plugin - Playstation(TM) style ====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;35%&quot; |Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Merge with USB on Digital Pad
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Betop Betong Bat D2E BTP-BD2E XD4D2E
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gravis Eliminator Gamepad Pro USB  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;047d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;4005
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 2d only 
|-
| Hama Black Force USB Gamepad
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 psx clone look 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Jess Tech Game Elements Philips GGE909 PC Recoil Pad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TCbAmIhj6P4 Logitech Wingman Precision USB] G-UC3B 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{N/A| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 no 3D but good for 2D retro games like Turrican II
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Wingman Action Pad G-UB3A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe|untested }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 1 blue lucid translucent - thin analog stick N64 type - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Wingman RumblePad UB05B
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc20a
| 1.12
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 twin blue analogue sticks N64 type - poor 2d controls with single molded blue piece - vibration feedback - single shoulder buttons with throttle control below right one 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Wingman Cordless RumblePad G-RA4A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc211
| 1.12
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe|untested }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2001 twin blue analogue sticks N64 type - poor 2d controls with single molded black piece - vibration feedback - dual shoulder buttons L1 L2 R1 R2 with blue throttle control below right one - 4 aa mn1500 batteries; life not great - C-UD10A usb dongle - overall big and bulky 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Precision Wired G-UG15
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{N/A|N/A}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 psx styling blue outer shell - no 3D analog and no shoulder buttons - no rumble 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Cordless Precision G-X2E14A
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{N/A|N/A}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 ps2 styling blue outer shell - no 3D analog and no shoulder buttons - no rumble 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G-X5C11A Cordless Precision Wireless Controllers
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{N/A|N/A}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 psx styling black outer shell - no 3D analog and no shoulder buttons - no rumble 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.testfreaks.co.uk/game-console-accessories-controls/logitech-dual-actiontm-gamepad/ Logitech Dual Action] 
* G-UD8 has no mode (2D only?) button and no rumble 
* G-UF13A later 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0xc2
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes|[http://www.morphzone.org/modules/newbb_plus/viewtopic.php?topic_id=7018&amp;forum=12 G-UF13A tested only]}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 New body shape psx style - dual analog 3D sticks - 4 small travel shoulder triggers no 5,6,7,8 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech RumblePad 2 G-UF13
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc218
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.00
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 usb wired light blue top/black base - twin analogues 3D along with dual short travel shoulder buttons - rumble present - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech RumblePad 2 Cordless 
* G-RC?? OLD version that take FOUR batteries and RED Logitech logo 
* G-RC14 uses TWO batteries has an ORANGE logo - dongle C-UE10 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc219
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0200
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 wireless may have to remove 1 battery - G-RC?? 5 + 7 buttons - G-RC14 use buttons 6 + 8 to reset sticks - replace battery and push large button on receiver - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech F310 Wired Dual Action G-U0001 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc21
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes|D mode switch}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 best option for old usb wired style dual analog 3D with pc-xbox/psx switch on back (only D works) - both rear shoulder RT LT buttons have excess travel - no rumble vibration - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech F510 Wired G-UG0002 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc21
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 dual analog with dual xbox pc/psx X/D switched compatibility modes - 
|-
| Logitech F710 Wireless / Cordless RumblePad 2 G-R0001 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc219
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;3.05
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe|Mouse only not joypad}} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 When switch on top set to D and nano receiver for each controller to pair - 2 aa mn1500 batteries required - rumble support sometimes - rear back shoulder buttons excessive travel needed - does have rubber backing that becomes sticky - 
|- 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Megaworld 'TIME' USB pad
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0735
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x9902
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;Low 0100
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No |}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 Poor quality
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft 
* SideWinder Precision Pro USB (1997)
* SideWinder Precision 2 (1998)
* Game Pad Pro (1999)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Sidewinder Game Pad USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; possible setup first 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Sidewinder Gamepad X04 Freestyle 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{N/A}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} 1998 might need USB adapter 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Sidewinder X05 63895 92626 Flight stick
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{unk| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|2000 [https://ae.amigalife.org/index.php?topic=929.msg11309#new tested]}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Sidewinder Flight Stick X08-58736 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft 
    Plug &amp; Play Game Pad (2000)
    SideWinder Joystick (2000)
    Game Pad 2.0 (2001)
    SideWinder Force Feedback 2 (2002)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 long-standing static buildup problem and Force Feedback 2 was the removal of the power brick 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| Saitek [http://www.testfreaks.co.uk/game-console-accessories-controls/saitek-ps1000/ PS1000 Cyborg V.1], [http://www.testfreaks.co.uk/game-console-accessories-controls/saitek-ps2700-rumble-pad/ PS2700] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 no rumble function 
|- 
| Saitek [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xG0v-hf6ZPA P2600] [http://compactiongames.about.com/od/hardware/tp/gamepads.htm P3600], 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 no rumble function
|- 
| Saitek P2900 wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 runs on 1 AA battery
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Batoh PS3 mini USB Wired hookup [http://ps3.jim.sh/sixaxis/usb/ SIXAXIS] 
*PCB  Ribbon      Notes
*Protos ALPS MSU Rev3 M3 and the later CBEH-1019
*?    SA1Q135A 	  for sixaxis
*PP4  
*V2   
*V25  
*VX   SA1Q146A    first dualshock 3 model
*VX   SA1Q147A    CECHZC2U (USA)
*VX35 SA1Q159A 	  
*VX3  SA1Q160A 	  
*VX?  SA1Q188A    
*VX4  SA1Q189A    shipped with a CECH-2504 datecode 0C 
*VX5  SA1Q194A    changed design ALPS, PS button changes
*VX6  SA1Q195A    red case, 
*VX7  SA1Q222A    superslims 2 ribbons
*VX8  SA1Q224A    superslims 2 ribbons 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x054c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0268
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.00 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Sometimes detected but no support - no sixaxis features detected - mini usb lead will have varying results - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PS4 
*JDM JDS 001 010 011 
*JDM 030 040 055 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PS5 Dual Sense 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Speed Link Strike 2 FX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster Firestorm Dual Power 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes|[http://www.morphzone.org/modules/newbb_plus/viewtopic.php?topic_id=7018&amp;forum=12 only 1 axis joystick only]}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust Predator GM-1500 GM-1520
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Haute42 M series Aluminum Metal Joystick Hitbox Controller Arcade Fighting Stick
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Haute42 T series 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Haute42 G series Gamefinger G12 G13 G16 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; plastic - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Haute42 S series 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  thinner and lighter than G series 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mad Catz sf2 fightstick 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash Datel Paewang Arcade Pro Stick 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash F300 Fighting Stick 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash F500 Fighting Stick 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pico Flatbox GP2040-CE Hot Swappable Mini Hitbox Keyboard 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  default it is configured for PS4 but before plugging usbc cable in, X for Dinput, B Xinput, RT HID - plastic build case - Rev4 based on RP2040 chip and firmware is based on GP2040-CE (Community Edition) - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Shenzhen Onebitdo Tech 8bitdo Fighting stick 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Venom 8 button 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
|}


==== Xinput Xbox Style Plugin ====

2018 extension added originally called AROSx but later redacted. Latest [https://github.com/medusalix/xone linux driver] might be useful. 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;35%&quot; |Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Merge with USB on Digital Pad
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8bitdo Ultimate C Wired 82CB (Shenzhen ONEBITDO TECH - GWOWO) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2dc8 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3106 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 - 4 t6 torx screws - non hall effect so drifting issues - triggers go faulty often - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8bitdo Ultimate 2C Wired Controller 82CD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2dc8 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x310A
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0114
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 - HID keyboard assigned - 4 t6 torx screws - hall effect analogs and triggers  - 1000Hz polling - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8bitdo Ultimate 2C wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024  - 400mw battery - hall effect 3d nubs and triggers - micro switch shoulder buttons - d-pad poor for retro games - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8bitdo ULtimate Mini Wired Controller for Xbox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8BitDo Pro 2 
*Wired Controller 
*Wireless
*Bluetooth
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect - playstation style layout for pc - slide button for S-A-D-X switch, android, dinput or xinput -  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8BitDo Pro 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025  tmr hall effect analogs, hall effect triggers and some microswitches - button swap - ps2 style layout - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8bitdo Ultimate 3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2026  - mw battery - hall effect 3d nubs and triggers - micro switch shoulder buttons - d-pad  for retro games - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8BitDo Pro 3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2026  hall effect analogs, hall effect triggers and some microswitches - button swap - ps2 style layout - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ace Aurora 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 hall effect joysticks with no deadzone mode, gyro, linear rumble, trigger stops, back paddles, button swap, macro, turbo, RGB LED effects -  tri-mode connection - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Betop Beitong Spartan BTP-2270U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  no hall effect 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Betop Betong Asura 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  no hall effect - noble linear trigger potentiometer and alps shoulder LB/RB micro switch 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BEITONG ASURA 2 Pro+ Game Controller Wireless Gamepad
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Beitong Zeus 2  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BebonCool Dinofire Model Number: Q218 / TP28
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021  - triggers aren't progressive but ON/OFF - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX X05 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect analog and triggers - tri mode connection - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX Wireless Controller PC PS3, 9013pro ESM-9013PRO
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 linear hall effect but device sometimes will not connect tried multiple attempts with the dongle
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX X10 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX X20 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 ABXY MICRO SWITCH - Bumpers Tactile switch Hall Effect analog 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX X15 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 hall effect analog and triggers - membrane buttons - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX S10 Wireless Gamepad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 TMR Hall effect and compatible with Switch 2/PC/Phone/TV/Steam, NFC, Gyro, HD Rumble - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;202
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fantech World EOS Pro WGP15 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect trigger and sticks,2 back paddles, motion controlling 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fantech EOS PRO II S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 controller with TMR hall effect analogues, mechanical face buttons and D-pad, 63 input macro, back paddles, turbo - analog triggers with trigger stops - tri mode bt wifi and wired - slide switch on back for switch, macos/android and xinput - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Apex 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023  luxury model 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Vader Pro 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 the Pro(Hall Effects) and Non-Pro (No Hall) 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Direwolf 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 hall effect sticks and triggers - poor wifi connection - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Apex 4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024  luxury model 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Vader 4 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 - hall effect, DInput mode (o+A hold) - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Direwolf 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect analog and triggers but membrane buttons with gold contacts - 800mhA battery - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Dunefox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 basic model hall effect analog and triggers but membrane buttons - 500mha battery - no gyros - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Vader 5 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 - hall effect stick with tension control, linear triggers, DInput mode (o+A hold) - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gamesir T4K Keleid, T4C Cyclone wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 poor to ok switch 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gamesir Nova 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no|| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 - switch type layout 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Guangzhou Chicken Run Network Tech Nova Lite GameSir-T4n LITE - Zikway HID gamepad
*[https://www.reddit.com/r/Gamesir/comments/1c185ve/psa_keep_gamesir_nova_lite_t4n_lite_firmware_at/ fw 4200 seems to be xbox so B then Home for Xinput (green LED), A then Home for HID BT Android (green/yellow LED), Y then Home for Switch Pro (Red LED)] or X then Home for Wifi and start and select to alternatively swap modes 
* and if on [https://www.reddit.com/r/Gamesir/comments/1c185ve/psa_keep_gamesir_nova_lite_t4n_lite_firmware_at/ fw 5700 ds4 so Home + B (blue LED), ]
* firmware 6900 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x3537
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1040 0x1041
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 - hall effect 3d nubs - no usb-c cable - rubber membrane analog trigger travel and bumpers shoulder buttons - wifi 2.4G and bluetooth - xbox layout so ab and xy might need to be swapped via m and a buttons for switch type [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=po-nNuC5fps fixes video] - 250Hz polling - 600mah battery - rigid carry case - poor d-pad esp diagonals - gamesir settings software only on android 6+ or ios based only - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gamesir Nova 2 Lite  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir G7 SE Wired Controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir G8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gamesir TEGENARIA T3 Lite Wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 playstation aesthetic hall effect analog and membrane buttons - X+Home button connects as an Xbox controller
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir Cyclone 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 TMR Joysticks with anti-friction rings and metal anti-friction rings around the stems, gyro, rumble, macro, turbo, 2 back paddles, hall analog triggers with micro-switch trigger - tri mode bluetooth, 2.4GHz wifi and wired, 1000hz polling rate - gamesir connect software - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir G7 Pro for Xbox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 TMR hall effect - hall effect triggers, tri mode connection - gamesir nexus software - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir Super Nova Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2026 hall effect sticks and triggers, 1000Hz polling, tri mode connectivity, 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GuliKit 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GuliKit KingKong 2 NS08 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Electromagnetic Stick hall effect - hall linear triggers - Mechanical face buttons - wired and wireless - Built-in rechargeable lithium battery 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GuliKit KingKong 2 PRO NS09
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;hall efect - wired and wireless - Mechanical face buttons - Built-in rechargeable lithium battery 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GuliKit KingKong MAX 3 KK3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;hall effect - wired and wireless - lithium battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gulikit KK3 Max USB-c Bluetooth Controller
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 Hall Joysticks and Triggers, Maglev/Rotor/HD Vibration, 1000Hz Polling Rate, 4 Back Buttons,  
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GuliKit KK3 PRO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 smaller version of KK3 MAX - hall effect analog and triggers, face buttons , maglev rumble, gyro, 4 back paddles - rigid case - 950mAh up to 8 hrs - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GuliKit 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hyperkin 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hori EX2 Turbo UHX3-45 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Machenike G1 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 Wireless Gaming Controller with 1K Polling Rate Hall Effect Trigger Joystick For Nintendo Switch PC iOS Android 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Machenike G5 Pro Wireless Gaming Controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 ABXY Switch Membrane, Bumpers Tactile switch and hall effect analog 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;microsoft sidewinder precision pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| [https://pineight.com/mw/index.php?title=USB_game_controllers Xbox 360 Wired Controller]
| 0x045e
| 0x028e
| 0x
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|needs specific driver and has poor 2D control pad}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| Microsoft (R) [https://blog.tkjelectronics.dk/2012/12/xbox-360-receiver-added-to-the-usb-host-library/ Xbox 360] (TM) Wireless Receiver for Windows(R) Model 1086 and Controller 
| 0x045e 
| 0x0719, 0x or 0x0291
| 0x0100
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|separate standalone usb dongle detected and shows as 8 vendor interfaces but no class associated and so not working - may need new class from code from xpad or xboxdrv to work the controllor}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xbox 360 Kinect [http://hackaday.com/2010/11/10/kinect-open-source-driver-demo-and-hacking/ Video] 
[http://git.marcansoft.com/?p=libfreenect.git;a=commit;h=7655fcf7239ba4907654089dba535a196685dbe5 GIT]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007  proprietary 2.4GHz RF protocol, 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xbox One Wired Controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xbox One wireless controller newer model with the 3.5mm headphone jack 1537 1697 and microsoft adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x02d1 or 0x02dd
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Elite Series 1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x02e3
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 ok - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xbox later models 1708+ Xbox One and Series use 5GHz and use Bluetooth, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x02e0
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xbox One S
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x02ea 0x02fd
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Elite Series 2 Core 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x02ff
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 ok - no hall - 125Hz polling - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Minisform MGP01 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOBAPAD N1HD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 has liquid silicone face buttons, hall effect analog, D-Pad swap, two back paddles, USB-A dongle, HD Rumble - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mobapad Huben 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mobapad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BIGBIG WON Gale 墨将 mòjiāng 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BIGBIG WON Blitz PRO 2 TMR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BIGBIG WON now MOJHON AETHER 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 hall effect joysticks, hall effect triggers, mechanical bumpers, 1000hz polling rate, mechanical D-pad, membrane face buttons, mechanical back paddles, rumble, deadzone issues - tri mode 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MSI FORCE GC20 GC30 V2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 not hall effect 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MSI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mytrix Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NACON GC-100XF Controller
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 average 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PXN P5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect joysticks &amp; triggers, limited trigger stops, 1000hz polling rate on wired, 4 back paddles, 32 macro record, anti-deadzone mode, RAW mode, gyro, turbo, tri-mode connection - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PXN P50L 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PowerA 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;QRD Stellar T5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;QRD Junior E5 Mini 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;QRD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Wolverine V3 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024  hall 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RetroFlag 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Speedlink XEOX Pro Analog Wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;enclosed lithium battery? - xbox layout - switchable on back of controller to directinput (dinput) or xinput - USB dongle switchable to pc and ps3 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SCUF Instinct Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 good 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SCUF Envision Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 good 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steel Series Stratus Duo XL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;usb adapter needed 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://inputlabs.io/Inputlabs InputLabs Alpakka Open Source and build yourself] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;DIY it with 3d printer, pcb and components  - pi pico needed - 2 gyros for better accuracy - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://inputlabs.io/kapybara Inputlabs kapybara] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;DIY one handed version wip 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Vilcorn Z03 BT Wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 - other Bluetooth modes (green, red, blue, purple, etc.) Select + M1 (or M2) - 400mAh - not great latency wired - 800mhz polling -  
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;zd ultimate legend 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;zd 0+ elite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;zd 0+excellent
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
|}

&lt;pre&gt;
#ifndef AROSX_LIBRARY_H
#define AROSX_LIBRARY_H

#include &lt;exec/types.h&gt;

#define AROSX_CONTROLLER_TYPE_UNKNOWN  0x00
#define AROSX_CONTROLLER_TYPE_GAMEPAD  0x01

#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_DPAD_UP          0x0001
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_DPAD_DOWN        0x0002
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_DPAD_LEFT        0x0004
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_DPAD_RIGHT       0x0008
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_START            0x0010
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_BACK             0x0020
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_LEFT_THUMB       0x0040
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_RIGHT_THUMB      0x0080
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_LEFT_SHOULDER    0x0100
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_RIGHT_SHOULDER   0x0200
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_A                0x1000
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_B                0x2000
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_X                0x4000
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_Y                0x8000

struct AROSX_GAMEPAD {
    ULONG   Timestamp;
    UWORD   Buttons;
    UBYTE   LeftTrigger;
    UBYTE   RightTrigger;
    WORD    ThumbLX;
    WORD    ThumbLY;
    WORD    ThumbRX;
    WORD    ThumbRY;
};

#define AROSX_EHMB_CONNECT    0x00
#define AROSX_EHMB_DISCONNECT 0x01
#define AROSX_EHMF_CONNECT    (1L&lt;&lt;AROSX_EHMB_CONNECT)
#define AROSX_EHMF_DISCONNECT (1L&lt;&lt;AROSX_EHMB_DISCONNECT)

struct AROSX_EventHook {
    struct Node         eh_Node;
    struct MsgPort     *eh_MsgPort;
    ULONG               eh_MsgMask;
};

struct AROSX_EventNote {
    struct Message      en_Msg;
    ULONG               en_Event;
    APTR                en_Param1;
    APTR                en_Param2;
};

#endif /* AROSX_LIBRARY_H */
&lt;/pre&gt;


=== Joystick ===

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Merge with USB on Digital Pad
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CH Products CombatStick 568 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cyborg X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Extreme 3D
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| [Logitech Attack 3 Joystick] 
| 0x0464
| 0xC214
| 0205
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;saitek X-52 x52 pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;saitek aviator 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Speedlink Competition Pro USB 
| 
|
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| {{maybe|works but games not working &quot;out of the box&quot;}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust Predator QZ 501
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust Predator TH 400
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust Predator GM-2500 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust XK 100
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}

===[https://github.com/JacKeTUs/linux-steering-wheels Gaming Racing Steering Wheels]=== 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;25%&quot; |Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Merge with USB on Digital Pad
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
! width=&quot;40%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  [https://www.usb.org/sites/default/files/documents/pid1_01.pdf USB PID standard not supported], 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cammus C5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fanatec CSL Elite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;PS4 and Xbox - belt driven wheel - 30cm wheel swapping 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fanatec Club Sport 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; top belt $600 £500 system 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FFBeast 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Genius TRIO RACER F1 Racing Wheel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Cheap and cheerful but not great - may need calibrating 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hama PC Racing Wheel Thunder V18 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Average 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hori Racing Wheel 3 with pedals 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;PS3 PC 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logic3 PXU450 TopDrive GT450 Steering Wheel for PS3, PS4, XBox One and PC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech MOMO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Very good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Driving Force GT 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Drive Force Pro DFP 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; wheel 900 degree - weighs in at 15&amp;nbsp;lbs
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Formula Force EX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;200 degrees turn for the EX model is arcade-like driving - adds PS3 compatibility via the PSx/2 adaptor - weighs in at 9&amp;nbsp;lbs
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G25 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;   - needs external psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G27 PC/PS3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; comes with gear shifter - needs external psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G29 PC PS3/PS4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  may need additional shifter - gear 900deg wheel / rumble - 3 peddle - needs external psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G920 PC XboxOne 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  may need additional shifter - gear 900deg wheel / rumble - 3 peddle - needs external psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G923 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft(R) SideWinder Precision Racing Wheel (1999)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Moza R3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x346E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Moza R5
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x346E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Moza R9
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x346E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Moza R12
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x346E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/Ultrawipf/OpenFFBoard OpenFFBoard], 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PXN V10 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PXN V12 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PXN V12 Lite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Simagic M10 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; base direct drive $900 £800 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Simplicity Simwheel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; direct 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Simucube 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Simucube 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Simucube 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Simxperience Accuforce V2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SPEEDLINK Drift O.Z. Racing Wheel with Pedals and Gear Stick 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SteelSeries Simraceway SRW-S1 Steering Wheel (PC) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster Nascar Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster Ferrari Challenge Wheel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; Poor  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster Ferrari FGT Rumble GT Experience 3-in-1 (PC/PS3)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;b658
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0102
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes|Wheel and all buttons detected}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Not great - gear driven 240deg wheel rotation - no psu needed - 2 peddle - flappy gear change - rumble untested - red switch for PC PS3 selection 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster F430 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster T500 RS Wheel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; belt driven wheel/rumble for GT5 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster T60 Challenge 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster T150 Wheel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  gear / belt combo wheel / rumble - 2 peddle 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster TMX Pro PC/XboxOne
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; direct drive rumble - no manual gear shift included 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster T80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Base level and OK - PS4 - 270deg rumble - 2 peddle 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster T300 RS GT 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;PS3 PS4 - belt driven - 900deg rotation and modular 28cm wheel out - 2 peddles but 3 available 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster TX Leather 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;TX Xbox version - 900deg rotation 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustermaster TS PC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;PC only belt wheel 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; TS XW Racer PC Xbox1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; top belt system 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster T-GT 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;PS4 $700 £600 with T-DFB 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tracer Zonda Racing Steering Wheel PC PS3 Vibration Feedback Pedals Gearbox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


===Gamepad Joypad Adapters===

* Most adapters will work in most OS's without installing a driver. Special functions needing drivers will be noted. 
* Some adapters do not work with some [http://www.stepmania.com/wiki/Dance_Pads dance pads] because of voltage issues. Other adapters map the dancemat arrows as axes and not as buttons, causing problems.
* If using an adapters should be compatible with '''original''' PlayStation PS/Xbox Xbox/GameCube GC /Dreamcast DC/Sega Saturn SS gamepads. 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;35%&quot; |Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Merge with USB on Digital Pad
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.maplin.co.uk/psx-usb-bridge-34887?tabid=3&amp;worldid=&amp;doy=21m9&amp;faqitem=playstation%20controller%20to%20pc%20adaptor Maplin] [http://www.rockfire.com.tw/ Padix Co. Ltd. Rockfire] PX-205 PSX/USB Bridge 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0583 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2050
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes}} but buttons mapped different from others 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe|poor}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Ok with dpads, but very poor support with analogue hack 
|-
| Boom PS Joy Converter adaptor 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| discontinued (2004/5). Hold Up, Start, and Select for three seconds. Very good [http://www.stepmania.com stepmania] recommendation. 
|-
| [http://www.hkems.com/m_main.htm EMS] [http://www.hkems.com/product/ps2/ps2-usb2.htm USB2] grey plastic box with 2 PSX ports, one on either side - UP and Select pressed for 3 seconds at the same time or the dance code (start+select+up) 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes|Tests/joystick shows the PS port works in digital mode on d-pad}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| Set in PC switch mode. Does not work when using 2 pads at the same time, likely higher power requirements. FPSE emu DualShock untested, Mat and Guitar untested but known lag involved 
|-
| Joytech (play.com) (EMS USB2 bad clone) Black box twin PSX
| 0x0b43
| 0x0003
| 0x0
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No|buggy hardware}} 
| but poor on dance ddr mat and guitar hero as the left and right keys do not like being pressed together, Dual shock untested 
|-
| [ EMS Trio Linker ] 1 PSone connection at bottom
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 1PSX discontinued 2005 
|-
| [http://psxemulator.proboards.com/index.cgi?board=support&amp;action=display&amp;thread=421 EMS Trio Linker Plus] (blue box) 1 PSx at bottom
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 1PSX discontinued 
|-
| Gamtec [http://www.gamestone.co.uk/gradius/guides_usb_smartjoy_guide.php SmartJoy Plus] Lik Sang PS-&gt;USB converter Red 2005 
| 0x0925
| 0x0005
| Low 0110
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe|detected and digital dpad works with [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?topic_id=4138&amp;forum=2&amp;post_id=35952#forumpost35952 joystick and testjoystick tests] but  the second analog control is not mapping correctly in digital mode}} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No|Analogue Hack - hardware buggy not useable}} 
| Dual shock untested, Mat and Guitar untested. Nothing picked up upon plugging it in. Quite common, these items have grounding issues or feed voltage back into the USB host and freeze the host controller, preventing any plugins or removals being detected. 
|-
| Gamtec SmartJoy Plus Dual PS-&gt;USB converter Red 
| 0x0925
| 0x00
| Low 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No|buggy hardware}}
| 
|-
| [http://uk.gear.ign.com/articles/700/700334p1.html Lik-Sang Super SmartJoy PSX] 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 1PSX 
|-
| Soyo Kiki Kiky 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 
|-
| eXcel PSX adaptor shaped a little like a stealth bomber with USB pass through 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 
|-
| Venom 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 
|-
| Dragon Plus (Radio Shack) Pantherlord GreenAsia USB to PS2/PS3 converter single black cable
| 0x0e8f
| 0x03
| 1.07
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| 
|-
| Deal Extreme 2 PSX black cables from 1 USB port
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HDE 2014 Personal Communication Systems Inc 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0810
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0001
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0106
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Same as single cable above but with black block midway along cable 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TigerGame Ltd Mayflash PC001 Super Joy Box 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| TigerGame Ltd Mayflash PC016 Super Joy Box arrowhead triangle twin PSX] Original was lack with RED Leds. Clones Dilong pu203, Blue HDE Neewer ShineData SD-APS2USB, Red Octane and Black PC Power Box (NS3454) '''embossed circle''' on top 
| 0x0810
| 0x0001
| 1.06
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes|Tests/joystick shows one PS port does not work with analog control at all but the other port does and maps correctly in digital mode}} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes|Analogue hack works }}
| Still available 2013, poor construction though, falls to pieces easily. Dual Shock untested, Mat and Guitar untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TigerGame Ltd [http://www.mayflash.com/pc/pc038/pc038-1.htm Mayflash PC038 Super Joy Box Pro triangle twin PSX] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| TigerGame Limited Mayflash SuperJoy Box 5 PC006 long V-shaped 4 port PS/PS2 Game Controller Adapter  
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TigerGame Limited Mayflash SuperJoy Box 5 PRO PC039 PS/PS2 Game Controller Adapter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion 
|- 
| Boom PSX+N64 USB converter (purple or blue see through box) (2003/4) - red led for psx and green led for n64
| 0x6666
| 0x0667
| 0x0
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|not detected by Tests/joystick}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No|Analogue hack }}
| Rumble Pak untested
|-
| [http://www.hkems.com/product/ps2/TrioLinkerPlus2.htm EMS Trio Linker Plus II] 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?topic_id=4753&amp;forum=24&amp;post_id=43102#forumpost43102 ]
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 1DC 1GC 1PSX but not for ddr mat games 
|-
| TigerGame Mayflash PC043 clone HuiJia Black twin N64 converter for PC USB 
| 0x0e8f
| 0x3013
| 0x0
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|detected by Tests/joystick though two digital pads have their settings wrong}} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes|Analogue hack works well with middle handle/grip little joystick}}
| Rumble Pack untested 
|-
| TigerGame Mayflash PC MagicBox SuperBox 3 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| untested 1SS 1DC 1PSX }
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lik Sang SmartJoy X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045e
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0285
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SmartJoy X2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045e
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0289
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| TigerGame Mayflash PC018 Super Joy Box 9 Xbox (NOT 360) 
| 0x05e3
| 0x060
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|shows up as a Genesys Logic Hub}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| does not work. Hub(s) 0x0288 detected but 0x0289 xbox1 joypads are not detected as hid let alone as [http://www.amiga.org/forums/archive/index.php/t-62940.html xpad] or [http://pingus.seul.org/~grumbel/xboxdrv/ linux xboxdrv driver] 
|-
| TigerGame Mayflash PC019 Super Joy Box 10 Xbox Twin ports (NOT 360) 
| 0x05e3
| 0x060
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|shows up as a Genesys Logic Hub}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| does not work with the big Fatty Duke or smaller S Akebono controller(s) 
|-
| TigerGame Ltd Mayflash PC020 Super Joy Box 11 Xbox Quad ports (NOT 360) 
| 0x05e3
| 0x0604
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|shows up as a Genesys Logic Hub}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TigerGame Ltd Mayflash PC035 3 in 1 Magic Joy box PS GC Xbox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB to NES [http://wiki.nesdev.com/w/index.php/Standard_controller SPI like protocol] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Buffalo Classic USB Pad SNES like 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash PC044 USB to SNES 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB to MEGADRIVE GENESIS Joypad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.retrousb.com/product_info.php?cPath=21&amp;products_id=70 USB to 9 pin ATARI RETROPORT style JOYSTICK PORT] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Atari RetroLink 9pin to SB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SLS Sega Saturn USB pad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash PC050 Dual Saturn ports 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Guitar Hero for PC/Mac 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1430
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x474C
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cronus Max 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BrookX One 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash Gamecube to USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash Magic NS 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; WiiU 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Brook Converter WiiU P3 P4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CooV Xbox One Converter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


* [http://www.bemanistyle.com/forum/f6/best-metal-pad-19066/ Metal dance pads with LEDs] - My My Box Blue Shark (Nexen), Cobalt Flux (CF) (Let's Groove), Red Octane Afterburner, TX-2000, Logic3 (Dance Dance Dance), Gamerose (Stay Cool), 
* Hard foam mat - [http://www.mayflash.eu/3in1-deluxe-dansmat-ignition-foam-ps2xboxpc-p-5.html Mayflash] FutureMax Deluxe 3 in 1 Ignition, [http://www.gamerose.com/ Gamerose] (Stay Cool), TrinPad orange, 
* Soft foam mat - Logic3 (PS420N), [http://www.positivegaming.com/index.php?id=36 Positive Gaming Impact],  Gamerose Miss Daisys Naki (Stay Cool), Pelican, MadCatz

*PS1 PS2 PS3 PS4 flex ribbon big source of button/trigger issues with all controllers 
*PS2 Phat KSA1Q40A (Board), SA1Q33A (Membrane) SCHP-10010 H 
*PS2 SA1Q42A SCHP-10010 A 
*PS2 SA1Q43-A SCHP-10010 H


The primary axes are either the Control Pad or the left stick. Buttons come in a rough order: face buttons, then shoulder buttons, then Select and Start, then buttons under sticks, and finally Control Pad directions if not assigned to a hat. But the order and number of buttons within a category are unpredictable, as is which button the user expects to use for each action.

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; | Joypad 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | HATS 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 01
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 02
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 03
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 04
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 05
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 06
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 07
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 08
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 09
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 10
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 11
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 12
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 13
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 14
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Axes 1 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Axes 2 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Axes 3 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Axes 4 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Axes 5 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Axes 6 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; | Comment 
|-
| [https://pineight.com/mw/index.php?title=USB_game_controllers Xbox 360 Wired Controller]
| 
| A (down-green) 
| B (right-red) 
| X (left-blue) 
| Y (up-yellow) 
| LB (white) 
| RB (black) 
| Back
| Start
| Guide 
| L3
| R3
| 
| 
| 
| Left X 
| Left Y
| LT
| Right X
| Right Y 
| RT 
| Poor 2D, Good 3D 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gravis GamePad / Original PlayStation Controller 
| &lt;!--HATS DPAD--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Button 01--&gt;Red (Sqleft)
| Yellow X (X down)
| Green O (O right)
| Blue (Tri up)
| L1
| R1
| L2
| R2
| Select
| &lt;!--Button 10--&gt;Start
| 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Axes 1--&gt;Stick X
| Stick Y
| 
| 
|  
|  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; PlayStation 2 Older Adapters 
| &lt;!--HATS DPAD--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Button 01--&gt;Blue X (down) 
| Red O (right) 
| Pink Sq (left) 
| Green Tri (up) 
| L1
| R1
| L2
| R2
| Select
| &lt;!--Button 10--&gt;Start 
| Stick 1
| Stick 2
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Axes 1--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
|  
|  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; PlayStation 2 Newer Adapters 
| &lt;!--HATS DPAD--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Button 01--&gt;Up
| Right
| Down
| Left
| L2
| R2
| L1
| R1
| Select
| &lt;!--Button 10--&gt;Start
| Stick 1 (analogue Hack) 
| Stick 2 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Axes 1--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
|  
|  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; Wish Technologies N64 Adaptoid 
| &lt;!--HATS DPAD--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Button 01--&gt; A
| C Down
| C Right
| B
| C Left
| C Up
| L
| R
| Start
| &lt;!--Button 10--&gt;Z
| Pad Up
| Pad Down 
| Pad Left
| Pad Right 
| &lt;!--Axes 1--&gt;Stick X
| Stick Y 
| 
| 
|  
|  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; 
| &lt;!--HATS DPAD--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Button 01--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Button 10--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Axes 1--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
|  
|  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; 
| &lt;!--HATS DPAD--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Button 01--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Button 10--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Axes 1--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
|  
|  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
|}

Just plug in your digital/analogue joystick or gamepad into USB port. The device will be handled by Poseidon USB stack. Poseidon is the USB stack with Trident adding a GUI (graphical user interface) prefs. 


the context sensitive page would come up right on pressing the help key inside the relevant window. The manual is in this archive, just in case it isn't in SYS:Locale/Help  


*How to change joystick mode to analogue?

By default a connected USB joystick emulates Amiga digital joystick. To change this behaviour so that the joystick is presented as analogue you need to use Trident preferences application (System:Prefs/Trident).

Open Trident and go to Devices on the left hand side (mouse click once on it). Select your controller from the list to the right and then click on Settings button below. This will open a new window. On the &quot;General&quot; tab find the &quot;Lowlevel Library Joypad Emulation&quot; section near the bottom. Find ports which are set to &quot;Merge with USB&quot; or &quot;Override with USB&quot; and change them to &quot;Analogue Hack&quot;. 

Please note that analogue joystick support is an extension of original Amiga functionality, thus an Amiga application must be explicitly written to use it. AROS SDL library uses this functionality, thus all SDL applications that use joystick, can use the analogue joystick feature.

The HID class has several options how to handle the input data: 

* Don't touch: The movement and button data for is not modified by the hid class. This is the default for the ports 0, 2, and 3. 

* Overwrite with USB: This will kill the  original  data  that  might  had  come  from  the internal  ports  and  overwrites it with the joypad data for this USB interface. Note well: If you have multiple  joypads  connected,  take care  which setting you have selected for each port, because only the last interface with this option will actually send the joypad data to the game. 

* Merge with USB: This option merges the input data of the  lowlevel.library  with  the USB  stream. This only works, if the connected device on the original Amiga  ports  is  NOT  a  mouse  (because  then   the   streams   are incompatible).  Merging  should  be  the preferred method, because it leaves the original joysticks working. 

* Disable: Turns off the port for the application.

* Analogue Hack: Tells Poseidon to force reporting  of  analogue  data  at  the  port. Please  note  that  this only works with programs that understand the analogue  data,  because  it's   an   extension   to   the   original lowlevel.library   standard   made  by  Commodore.  If  you  want  to incorporate this feature in your software, just contact me and I will send you the necessary information. 

* Rumble Port: As addition to the analogue data, the HID class  supports  applications and  games  that want to utilize a rumble pack or force feedback motors in the gamepads. This field selects to  which  lowlevel  port  the  hid device responds, when attempting to use the rumble pack. Normally, this corresponds to the port that has  been  set  in  the  actions  for  the joypad.


*How to change joystick port assignment?

The low  level  library  supports up to four ports. Port 0 is usually used by the mouse, port 1 is the standard port for joysticks/joypads. By default a connected USB joystick is present in Port 1. To change its location to Port 0 you need to use Trident preferences. 

Open Trident and go to Devices window. Select your controller from the list and then click on Settings button. This will open a new window. On the &quot;General&quot; tab find the &quot;Lowlevel Library Joypad Emulation&quot; section. Port 1 should be set as either &quot;Merge with USB&quot; or &quot;Override with USB&quot;. Change this setting to &quot;Don't touch&quot;. Change Port 0 setting to &quot;Merge with USB&quot;.

Go to &quot;Actions&quot; tab. In the &quot;Reports and collection&quot; select first entry named &quot;Joystick&quot;. in the &quot;Usage items&quot; select &quot;X axis&quot;. Go to &quot;Performed actions&quot; area. On the left there will be a list of triggers. Each of them should have (port1) in their params. Click on the first trigger and using buttons to the right of the list change port1 into port 0. Repeat this for all triggers and for all items on &quot;Usage items&quot; list.


*How to make joystick simulate keyboard keys?

With Poseidon it is possible to make the joystick simulate the keyboard pressings. This might enable using joystick for playing games which only have keyboard support. This feature is configured in Trident preferences.

Open Trident and go to Devices window. Select your controller from the list and then click on Settings button. This will open a new window. Go to &quot;Actions&quot; tab. On the right top window select X axis. On the left bottom list select an entry &quot;Digital Joystick, Push left(port 1)&quot;. On the panel to the right change &quot;Digital joystick&quot; into &quot;Raw Key&quot;. A list of keys will be displayed. Select key you wish to send. Repeat the same procedure for &quot;Digital Joystick, Release left (port 1)&quot; option but this time check &quot;Send key up even instead of key down&quot;. Open shell and move your joystick to the left - your selected letter should appear in the shell. 


*Analogue in Trident Prefs
* Open the Trident USB Prefs -&gt; Devices -&gt; Select your joypad -&gt; Settings button -&gt; Action TAB 
* See some &quot;axis&quot; listed under &quot;Usage items&quot; in the top right of the window. They are your analog stick(s) 
* Check [x] Track Incoming Events which is half way down the window on the left 
And you should see some axis activity in &quot;Usage items&quot; when you move the analog stick 


*Actions

HID class item -&gt; Settings -&gt; HID Class Window -&gt; Action Tab -&gt; Action handling area 

Reports and collections -&gt; Usage Items -&gt; Performed actions 


Qualifier keys are *special*. You don't only need to create the actual keypress but also modify the qualifiers.
Go to the keyboard panel and find the windows menu key by enabling key tracking and pressing the windows menu key. Then assign the right amiga key to it.

Go to the actions panel and find the right amiga key (it's called &quot;Keyboard right GUI&quot;). Remember the actions stored there, best write them down in exact order. Then delete them.
Find the windows menu item and add the missing qualifier action. Be sure the parameters are exactly the same and the order is right.

Set them to Raw, then assign an up and down button for each character, etc.
when you change the settings to RAW so you can assign keyboard strokes. it will always say, KEYDOWN or what ever on the left, it never provides and option for key release.

The problem still remains though that if I try to assign the Directional Pad (Hat) to Arrow Keys, that things will get screwed up and you either can not move with the directional PAD (HAT), or movements are assigned to the Left Analog, and do not work as they should, it's as if the right and down arrow keys are ALWAYS On, regardless of the fact that I did indeed assign a Key release command to each input.

check that by pressing analog directions and see the current values, and the thresholds configured in poseidon to bind them to left/right/up/down.

misconfigured too much stuff in the HID settings, you can always go in poseidon-&gt;config list entry and delete the config item related to your device (or the HID class setting itself), back to basics.


*Rumble in Trident Prefs
Open Trident Prefs and click on the Devices option in the left hand window. Click with the mouse once on your gamepad choice on the right hand side and again on the Settings button below. In the new window, select the '''General''' TAB and half way down on the right there is an &quot;Open Now&quot; button in the section &quot;HID output control window&quot;. Clicking on that button opens another window (HID Control) with sliders for the two rumble engines inside the controllers and you can test if they work. '''Sometimes clicking that button does nothing, other times it will open the window and say nothing is detected.''' The leftmost two sliders do nothing, the third one has a large rumble effect, and the fourth one has a small rumble effect.

===Graphic Drawing Tablet===

There is a standard in HID for tablets possibly mouse type. If the tablet is HID conforming in that sense, it should work. Aiptek does a fairly good job at this. The other competitor, Wacom, didn't pay too much attention to this and simply adapted their legacy serial protocol into HID in a very awkward way. Older Wacom tablets have worked with the special support in the HID class, but not the more recent ones. 

 to use graphic tablets fully, applications need to be written that make use of the AmigaOS NewTablet events (which AROS has) 


* Entry level - A6 (6x4) work area 
* Medium A5 (6x8) A4 (10x7) size   (recommended but only a few ie years 2000 to 2003 models supported) 
* Semi Pro A3 (12x9) 
* Pro  Cintiq


* 2005/6 Some support added for Wacom tablets  
* 2008 Wacom's patent on battery free pens expires


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Micrograf Tabby (late 1980s and early 1990s) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;podscat pt 3030 graphics tablet
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Summagraphics 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom IV compatible (Graphire, ArtPad, A3, A4, A5 and PenPartner CT-0405-P - Wacom intuos GD-0405-R) Waycom Digitiser II UD-0608-R
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Artpad II (KT-0405-R) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AceCad boards 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AipTek HyperPen 6000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Calcomp 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AipTek HyperPen 8000 - Aldi/Medion MD 9310 and Aldi/Tevion LT 9310 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tablet PC penabled 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based like x61t X60t NC4200 NC4400 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* Wacom PenPartner
* PenPartner 2
* PenStation 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056a
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0000
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Graphire - Wacom Tablet ET-0405-U UV1.1-1 (Slate Blue)  ET-0405UL (lime)  (orange)  (red)  (purple) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0X0010
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|late 90s with A6 size - [Wacom Support] of X-axis 00000-10205  Y-AXIS 0000-7421 Tip Pressure 000-511 under Trident prefs. Air pen mouse type movements }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* Grapphire 2 4x5  ET-0405A-U UV2.0-3 (Steel Blue) 
* Graphire 2 5x7 ET-0507A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0011 and 0x0012
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0110
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|A6 and A5 versions - [Wacom Support] of X-axis 00000-10205  Y-AXIS 0000-7421 Tip Pressure 000-511. Air pen mouse type movements - mouse EC-120-0K tested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Graphire 3
* cte-430/w 4x5 pearl   sapphire 
* cte 630 6x8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0013 and 0x0014 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0314
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|A6 and A5 size - [Wacom Support] Xaxis 0-10207 yaxis 0-7423 tip pressure 0-511 and the erase end appears to respond but avoid bluetooth BT versions }}
|-
| Wacom Graphire 4 
* cte-440/B Blue cte 440/s Silver 4x5
* cte-640 6x8 cte 640 u 0403 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0015 and 0x0016 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;403
| {{Yes|A6 and A5 work area detected [Wacom Support] x-axis 0000-10207 Y axis 0000-7423 Tip Pressure 000-511 and delete rub out end of the pencil seems detected but avoid bluetooth BT versions }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* Wacom Intuos 4x5 GD-0405 
* Intuos 6x8    GD-0608
* Intuos 9x12    GD-0912
* Intuos 12x12  GD-1212-U 
* Intuos 12x18 GD-1218
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0020 0x0021 0x0022 0x0023 0x0024 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|detected and responses delivered back - x axis up to 30479 and y axis 31679, tip pressure up to 1023 and x and y tilt up to 127 - Wacom intuos GD-0912-A for Apple Macs NOT SUPPORTED}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* Intuos 2 4x5 A6 - XD-0405-U 
* Intuos 2 6x8 A5 - xd 0608u uoc
* Intuos 2 9x12 XD-0912-U
* Intuos 2 12x12 XD-1212-U
* Intuos 2 12x18 XD-1218-U
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056a
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0041 0x0042 0x0043 0x0044 0x0045 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0126
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|various sizes and recognised as [Wacom Support] but not working. x-axis 00000-20319 y-axis 00000-16239 tip presure 0000-1023 x-tilt y-tilt 000-127.  HID mouse xc-100-03 works but never could use it as a real tablet with pressure with TVPaint 3.6 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* Intuos 3 4x5 (PTZ-430) 
* Intuos 3 4x6   (PTZ-431W ) 
* Intuos 3 6x8   (PTZ-630 PTZ630) 
* Intuos 3 6x11 (PTZ-631W A3 wide)  
* Intuos 3 9x12 (A4 PTZ-930 PTZ930)  
* Intuos 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;056a
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x00b0 0x00b1 0x00b2 0x00b3 0x00b4 0x00b5
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No}} Actions in HID setup window definitively locks the Pointer (mouse) reports settings and even after a clear and save, nothing changes, the configuration returns to default values.  &quot;[Wacom]&quot; reports don't see any events from the tablet, even with &quot;Pointer&quot; reports cleared and save, so is locked a in &quot;mouse&quot; state - but can send a special command to the tablet in order to put it into a special vendor mode. This mode enables Wacom specificities like pressure, tilt, absolute position, buttons, etc... you should send an HID report feature with ReportID=2 and data=2, the current HID class driver doesn't give a way to change that, even using the &quot;initial startup actions&quot; item in the extra collection. No listed features work 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Wacom Volito - Promethean FT-0405-U06 UV1.4-1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0060
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0141
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|A6 work area with [Wacom Support] of x-axis 0000-5103 Y axis 0000-3711 Tip Pressure 000-511. Air and touch mouse movement - appears to be the budget option with some but limited features}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Volito 2 
* CTF-??? 2x3 
* CTF-420G CTF-420 V2.0-0 4x5
* Serif Penabled 6742 rebadge of CTF 420/020-B CTF-420/02
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0062
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|A6 work area with [Wacom Support] of x-axis 0000-5103 Y axis 0000-3711 Tip Pressure 000-511. Air and touch mouse movement - no erase function on the end of the pen - nylon nibs value option}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* Wacom PL-400 LCD 
* PL-500
* PL-510
* PL-550
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0030 0x0031 0x0032 0x0034 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* PL-600
* PL-600 SX
* PL-700
* PL-710
* PL-800
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0033 0x0035 0x0036 0x0037 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Cintiq 21 UX and Cintiq Partner DTF-720
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom PenTablet Bamboo (MTE), Bamboo Craft (CTH), Bamboo Fun (CTE), Bamboo Pen (CTL) and Bamboo Pen &amp; Touch (CTH) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Wacom Bamboo Fun Medium CTE-650 
| 
| 0x0018 
| 
| {{Maybe|[http://www.a1k.org/forum/showthread.php?t=11432 works on a1k forum]}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bamboo Fun Small CTE-450 white 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0017 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Bamboo One CTF-430 V2.0-0 CTF 430/S
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0069
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|A5 wired air pen and acts like a mouse only}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Intuos 4 
* Small PTK-440 PTK-540
* Medium - PTK-640 - PTK 540WL Wireless - 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested  Intuos4 surface sheet was revised in October 2010 to reduce nib wear}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Intuos 5 Touch 
*
* Medium - PTH-650 - USB Wired and Wireless Kit 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0027 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested work, however wireless may glitch or drag }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Intuos Pro Medium - PTH-651 - 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bamboo Small Pen Tablet - MTE 450 MTE-450A (MTE-450/k) - 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0065
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0116
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|A6 work area - mouse movement but no pen detection except x-axis 2 to -2 and y-axis 2 to -2 - mini usb lead - 4 blue led lit buttons not detected as well as circular touch button??  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bamboo Pen CTL 460
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested all Bamboo versions were criticized for the drawing surface's roughness (which got smoother over time), which caused the small pressure-sensitive 'nib' to wear down, and become slanted or scratchy in the same way as pencil lead, albeit more slowly}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Bamboo Fun CTH-461/S wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x00D2
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0106
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|A6 size - Pen tracking not working but finger touch works }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Bamboo Connect Pen Tablet CTL-470 CTL-470K 470-DE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CTH 470K
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom CTH 480/S wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} lithium battery for pad - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Intuos Pen Small CTL-480/S CTL 480 K wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x030E
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|A5 detected as Intuos PS  but not working although the RHS blue led responds to pen on tablet }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CTH 490 PK S Photo - CTH-490CK-S Comic - CTH-490AK-S Art 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested lower hovering height pen nibs wear fast and input lag/responsiveness}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intuos Pen &amp; Touch Medium - CTH-680 - USB Wired and Wireless Kit work 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Intuos Pro (PTH-660 and PTH-860) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Media Tablet 10.6&quot;
    Genius G-Pen M609
    Genius G-Pen M609X
    iVista Media Tablet 10.6
    Aiptek MediaTablet 10000u

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0501
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Slim Tablet 12.1&quot;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x172F
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0034
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x1105
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Media Tablet 12 by 9&quot; 
    Aiptek HyperPen 12000u T-12000U Tablet Series 
    Nisis T-12000u USB Tablet Series Version 1.05 (aiptek rebadged)

    Trust item #1535
    ADESSO Cyber Tablet 12000 Graphic design tablet
    iVista Media Tablet 12
    PENTAGRAM O'pen Wide P 2003
    Genius G-Pen M712
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0500, 0x08ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0010
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0105
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|detected with Nisis/Aiptek functioning as a tablet, untested with others  - Puck (mouse) x axis 0000 to 6000 y axis 0000 to 6000 - stylus (pen) x axis 00000 to 12000 y axis 00000 to 12000 tip pressure 0000 to 1023 - 16 function keys - AAA battery needed for pen and another for the mouse}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Media Tablet 14.1&quot; v5.1e
    Genius G-Pen M714X
    Aiptek MediaTablet 14000u WMK-H141 
    Trust item #15358
    Adesso CyberTablet 14000 M14
    iVista Media Tablet 14.1
    PENTAGRAM O'pen Wide P 2004

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0X172f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0X0500
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0114
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|detected with Nisis/Aiptek functioning as a tablet - Stylus (Pen) X 16838 Y 16838 Tip Pressure 1023 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop PID 0038
    Genius G-Pen F509
    Manhattan 177405

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0038
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop PID 0052
    Yiynova MSP19

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0052
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Q Pad
    Aiptek HyperPen Mini
    NGS Flexi Style
    VisTablet PenPad
    iVistaTablet Q Flex Pad
    Bravod Q-PD65-S
    Trust Flex Design Tablet (#16937)

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0037
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Sirius Battery Free Tablet
    VisTablet Muse
    PENTAGRAM Designer P 2700
    Princeton PTB-S1BK

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0502
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Slim Tablet 12.1&quot;
    Genius G-Pen F610
    Trust Slimline Widescreen Tablet (#16529)
    VisTablet Original 12&quot;
    Adesso CyberTablet Z12
    Adesso CT-Z12A
    PenPower Tooya Pro
    Aiptek Slim 12.1 Inch
    Aiptek SlimTablet 600u Premium II
    NGS Slim Proguess
    iVistaTablet Slim 12.1
    PENTAGRAM ThinType P 2006

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0034
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Slim Tablet 5.8&quot;
    Genius G-Pen F350
    Trust item #16485
    VisTablet Mini
    iVistaTablet Slim 5.8
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0032
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Venus S Tablet
    Trust eBrush Widescreen Tablet (#17939)

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0503
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Aiptek GmBH MediaTablet Ultimate II - 16:10 Professional Graphic Tablet Model 1400U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hanvon Beijing HanWang HW Micro Drawing Tablet ET0504U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b57
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8030
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;01111
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|does not work - recognised as an HID mouse - no tablet extensions detected}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;KYE EasyPen 340, Genius EasyPen 340 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0458:5014
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|untested }}
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| Aiptek Hyper Pen 6000u PC Tablet APT
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{No|detected but does not work - win98 era cordless 6in by 4.5in - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;nisis T-8000U APT-2 Aiptek rebadge 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x08CA
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0021
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|A5 detected but no responses }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acecad Flair II GT-504 Init Fkt  Fkt 0x5ab450c0
AIPTEK HyperPen 10000 U
Aiptek HyperPen 10000U, 
AIPTEK Slim Tablet U600 Premium II
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0460
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0004
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ace Cad Enterprise Co., Ltd Tablet - 5x3.75 drawing area 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0460
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0004
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bosto's 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} UCLogic Digitizer 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Adesso CyberTablet Z7, Adesso CyberTablet 12000, Adesso CT-12000A  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UC-Logic / Lapazz WP8060, UC-Logic / Lapazz PF1209, UC-Logic / Lapazz Artistic Tablet 5540,   Manhattan 8&quot;x6&quot;, Manhattan 3&quot;x4&quot;, Manhattan
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested but suspect not working}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DigiPro 5.5×4” Graphics Tablet
Digital Ink Pad (A4 format) 
DigiPro WP8060, DigiPro WP5540,  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Genius G-pen
G-Pen 4500
Genius Wizardpen
Genius Mousepen
Genius Easypen i405 M610 
Genius PenSketch 9x12, Genius MousePen i608, Genius MousePen 8x6, Genius MousePen / WizardPen 5x4, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Genius G-Pen F610
Genius G-Pen M610 
Genius G-Pen 340 (UC-LOGIC Tablet WP4030U)
Genius G-Pen 450 (UC-LOGIC Tablet WP5540U)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Genius
UC-LOGIC
iBall Tablet PF8060
iBall
Iball Pen Tablet 8060U, Iball Pen Tablet 5540U, Iball Pen Tablet 4030U, Iball Design Tablet PF1209,
NGS CADBOY (UC-LOGIC Tablet WP5540U)
Pentagram
QWare
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust TB-3100
Trust TB-5300 Trust 15356 
Trust TB-6300 Trust 15357  WP8060U  Slimline but bulky with metal backing A5 size 
Trust 16486, Trust 16447,  Sketch Design Tablet,
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|clashes with usb and crashes AROS }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UC-Logic Tablet WP1062
    Aiptek HyperPen 10000U
    Monoprice 10X6.25 Inches Graphic Drawing Tablet
    Pickle 10x6.25 Inch Graphic Drawing tabletguess

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;5543:0064
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| [ VTech KidiPhoto Art Studio] 
| 
| 
|  
| {{yes|works}}
|-
|}

Tablet has a squared lines of wires which induce a current into the pen which is then detected by the metal grid in the tablet pad. Tablets report pressure (and tilt on expensive models) and are absolute pointing devices (put the pen at the top left and the mouse pointer will go to the top left of the screen). Graphic drawing area, what keys, report rate, resolution lpi lpmm, accuracy, pressure levels (may come from the app), origin position,

Wacom tablets use electromagnetic resonance technology.  Since the tablet provides power to the pen through resonant inductive coupling, no power is required for the pointing device. As a result, no batteries are inside the pen (or the accompanying puck), making them lighter and slimmer.

Under the tablet's surface (or LCD in the case of the Cintiq) is a printed circuit board with a grid of multiple send/receive coils and a magnetic reflector attached behind the grid. In send mode, the tablet generates a close-coupled electromagnetic field (also known as a B-field) at a frequency of 531&amp;nbsp;kHz. This close-coupled field stimulates oscillation in the pen's coil/capacitor (LC) circuit when brought into range of the B-field. Any excess resonant electromagnetic energy is reflected back to the tablet. In receive mode, the energy of the resonant circuit’s oscillations in the pen is detected by the tablet's grid. This information is analyzed by the computer to determine the pen's position, by interpolation and Fourier analysis of the signal intensity.

In addition, the pen communicates information such as pen tip pressure, side-switch status, tip vs. eraser orientation and ID number (to differentiate between different pens, mice, etc.). For example, applying more or less pressure to the tip of the pen changes the value of the pen's timing circuit capacitor. This signal change can be communicated in an analog or digital method. An analog implementation modulates the phase angle of the resonant frequency, while a digital method is communicated to a modulator that distributes the information digitally. The tablet forwards this and other relevant tool information in packets, up to 200 times per second, to the computer.


If you disable (delete all of them except for one that needs to be set to &quot;no action&quot;, so that it will not be regenerated as default) the Extra Startup actions, the tablet should remain in relative mouse mode—you will not get pressure information in that mode though. [http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/highway_usb/message/2394]}}


=== Handheld Barcode Scanner Readers ===

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Farsun 9100 barcode scanner 0-12&quot; 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Motorola Symbol LS2203 CMOS 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tysso 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested Simple}} Code 11, Code 39, Code 93, Code 128, Coda Bar, UPC-A, UPC-E, EAN-8, EAN-13, MSI/Plessey, Telepen, Interleaved 2 of 5, Industrial 2 of 5, Matrix 2 of 5 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Unitech MS320 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wasp WCS3905 CCD 1&quot; 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} Code 93, Matrix 2 of 5, Industrial 2 of 5, Code 39, UCC/EAN-128, ISBN, Code 32, EAN/JAN-8 , EAN/JAN-13 , UPC-A, UPC-E, Codabar, Code 128, Code 11, Interleaved 2 of 5, MSI-Plessey, China Post, IATA 2 of 5, ISSN, UK-Plessey 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Datalogic Touch 90 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intermec  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Honeywell Metrologic MK9540-32A38 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Motorola LS2208 Laser 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wasp WWS800 Laser 1D 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Datalogic GD4130-BK-C066 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Honeywell 1202G-1USB-5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Motorola / Symbol DS6707-DC20007ZZR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DataMan 8000 2D 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Honeywell Voyager 9520/40 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Metrologic MS1690 USB 2D Barcode Scanner  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} QR Code GS1 Databar PDF417
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Syscan GM800 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}

[http://www.scandit.com/2011/11/04/types-of-barcodes-choosing-the-right-barcode-type-ean-upc-code128-itf-14-or-code39/ Types of Barcode]

&lt;pre&gt;
UPC-A       Grocery most common 
Code 128    
EAN-13      Library Books ISBN &amp; ISSN, 
Code 39     
Codabar     blood bank,

2D barcodes such as 
Data Matrix 
PDF417e     
Maxicode    
Aztec       
QR Code     old Nokia handsets, 
MicroPDF417 
&lt;/pre&gt;


===TouchScreens===

Projected capacitive (PCAP) touch screen product, amongst many options the widely used are I2C and USB 

*USB host–device structure which dominates consumer and industrial electronics devices where higher bandwidth needed and user-friendly (multiswipes)
*I2C Inter-Integrated Circuit simple serial standard for LCD display in embedded systems because of cost and low power 
*SPI arduino and rpi single boards 

We cover the USB here 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| eGalax Touch 4a
| 0eef 
| 0001 
| 0001
| {{yes|2009 works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lilliput HDMI Monitors
669GL-70NP/C/T (7 inch)
869GL-80NP/C/T (8 inch)
FA1011-NP/C/T (10 inch)
FA1046-NP/C/T (10 inch)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Iilyama Prolite Monitors
PROLITE T1513SR-1 (15 inch)
PROLITE T1730 (17 inch)
PROLITE T1713SR-1 (17 inch)
PROLITE T1913SR-1 (19 inch)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Smart Display Company (SDC) Touchscreens TFT Monitors
TOUCH-TFT-TS07 (7 inch)
TOUCH-TFT-TS08 (8 inch)
TOUCH-TFT-TS10 (10 inch)
TOUCH-TFT-TS12 (12 inch)
TOUCH-TFT-TS15 (15 inch)
TOUCH-TFT-TS17 (17 inch)
TOUCH-TFT-TS19W (19 inch wide)
TOUCH-TFT-TS22W (22 inch wide)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;XENARC Monitors 7 inch models
700TSH
700TSU
700TSV
702TSV
705TSV
706TSA
700IDT
MDT-X7000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;XENARC 
8 inch models:
800TSV
805TSV

10 inch models:
1020TSV
1026TSA
1040TS

12 inch models:
1200TS
1200TR
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asus VT229H 21.5&quot;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CUQI 7&quot; Monitor Touchscreen 1024x600 IPS
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Espresso 15&quot; Portable Touchscreen Display Monitor
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hannspree HT225HPB 21.5 inch
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;WaveShare 13.3inch HDMI LCD (H) (with case)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


===GPS tracking, running, cycling, biking, walking, hiking, ORIENTEERING, boaters and mapping===

Support for OpenStreetMap but not for Ordnance Survey, Map Pilot or National Geographic's Topo maps data gdb,

Data output supported nmea 0183 V1.5 APA, V1.5 XTE and V2.1 GSA formats, gpx, kml/kmz, tracks from tcx files, geo: URIs,  
NMEA0183(which is RS232, voltages range from -15 volts to 15 volts, 4800 baud), or need NMEA sentences connected to your computer

other method that some units support is a special serial cable that actually emits raw RS232 NMEA. These usually take 10-&gt;30 volts input, can run the unit, and have full voltage I/O for RS232 (not like spanner mode, which effectively turns the unit into a USB-&gt;Serial adapter inside the case).

Equivalent apps - merkator, mapsource,

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin gpsmap 180 GPS/chart plotter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;1992 GARMIN GPS 55 AVD Portable System 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin GPS V 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested - waas pinpoint within 3 metres - nmea - 4AA battery}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin GPS 12 12XL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Legend C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin eMap 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|possibly through usbmodem rs232 connection nmea 0183 protocol}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin eTrex 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} rs232 these older units supported it and would provide the stream in either the standard NMEA 0183 format or a proprietary Garmin format.
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin GPS 75 AVD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan GPS Map 7000 model 45006 (1994) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan GPS Tracker
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan Pioneer Satellite Navigator 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan GPS 300 315 320 Mentor Receiver (2003) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Not for dedicated sat nav units like the Nuvi, TomTom, etc 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NaviLock NL-402U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested u-blox 5 SuperSense® chipset with receivers for GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, BeiDou and QZSS}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GM1-86UB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| U-BLOX UB-6010 GGA,GSA,GSV, RMC and support VTG, GLL, TXT ublox binary and NMEA Command Dynamic Condition }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NAVILOCK GPS NL-602U USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|works via usbmodem.device - ublox ag 6 chipset - 50 channel}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TOPGNSS ton Receiver &amp; Antenna GM702  u-blox 7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|UBLOX7020 chip design bloc u-blox}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VK-162 G-MOUSE u blox 7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1546
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x01a7
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|UBX G70xx with RMC VTG GSV TXT GLL GGA GSA}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VK-172 u-blox 7 G7020-KT gps gnss white pen stick receiver - over 1 inch long 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1546 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x01a7
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A| detected as cdc controlled plug in device - 18x18x2mm patch antenna but can be slow to update - nmea 0183 and ublox binary protocol}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GlobalSat BU-353 WaterProof USB GPS Receiver 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested SiRF Star III}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Haicom HI-206 USB GPS receiver with RS-232 interfaces, RJ11 and PS/II connector EB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|usb-serial prolific pl2303 detected but GSP3F SiRF Star IV technology not detected or bound}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BT760Y, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested Skytraq Venus 5 GPS chipset}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GM-65 USB GPS Receiver
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested Skytraq Venus 6 GPS chipset - 65 channel}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested Skytraq Venus 7 GPS chipset}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GM-65 USB GPS Receiver
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested Skytraq Venus 8 GPS chipset - 167 channels}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Colorado 300 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} USB 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Geko 101 201 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} limited waas enabled only - waypoints - aaa battery 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Edge 200 bike mount 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin ForeRunner 10 15 watch 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Montana 600
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Dakota 10 20 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Map76s 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Oregon 450T  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} USB nmea 0183 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin eTrex 10 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested - no nmea0183 sentences data stream output - configuration an option to set it to &quot;Garmin&quot; mode, or &quot;Mass Storage&quot; mode. Since the mass storage mode seems to be required for waypoint/track/etc data exchange, the 'Garmin' mode would be for this data stream. Yet putting it in that mode doesnt seem to produce anything.}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Oregon 650T 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin GPSMAP 64S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GPSMap 78S or GPSMap 76CSX which has a NMEA port for talking to Nav equipment
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin eTrex Vista Cx GPS Receiver 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested - 2AA battery}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin GPSmap 276c
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan 2000 XL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan 3000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan Triton 300
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} SiRFstarIII™, Antenna Type Multidirectional Patch with WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS support 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan Triton 400 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}


==massstorage.class (MSC/UMS - most cameras and mp3 players)==

=== USB Card Readers ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Installing
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Booting
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| A-Tec Model CR-362 
| 
| 
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| [http://www.belkin.com/IWCatProductPage.process?Merchant_Id=&amp;Section_Id=200406&amp;pcount=&amp;Product_Id=179164 Belkin 15 in 1 Card Reader]
|
|
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Conrad CP440 60 in 1 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works on a1k forum}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Genesys Gtech Logic 19 in 1
| 0x05E3
| 0x0710
| High 0200
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Hama 19 in 1 Card Reader 
|
|
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| Hama 35 in 1 Card Reader 
|
|
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Integral Single Slot SD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kingston USB 3.0 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lexar microsd adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} but wider than Sandisk version - could block other slot if below 
|-
| Pretec CardDriver 
|
|
| 
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Sandisk MicroMate 
|
|
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sandisk MobileMate SD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sandisk MobileMate Micro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} has satisfying 'click' when microsd inserted 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sandisk MobileMate Duo MicroSD
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} no 'click' insertion uses pressure so future wear and tear issues 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Serena metal cased microsd only 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|Maybe}} hit or miss on quality 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Serena &quot;Sandisk MobileMate&quot; look-alike 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|Maybe}} hit or miss on quality 
|-
| SilverCrest 16in1 
|
|
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Transcend 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Transcend P5 8 in 1 TSRDP5K 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Transcend P8 15 in 1 TSRDP8K
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Zyxel integralmemory 8 in 1 
| 0x0aec
| 0x3260
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{no|not detected}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}

=== USB Hard Drives ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Datel MaxDrive 
| 
| 
|  
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Inateck 2.5 Inch USB 3.0 Hard Drive Disk Enclosure/ Case (FE2001) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} Full USB 3.0 port but plastic teeth keeping drive in place can snap 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Inateck case (FE2002) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} full USB 3.0 port - updated design 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Inateck case (FE3001) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} wider USB 3.0 port and no on/off switch  Jmicron JMS578 chipset
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Iomega Desktop Hard Drive 500GB, 3,5“, USB2.0 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Samsung
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Samsung
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Samsung T3 SSD 
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}} USB 3.1 Gen 1 space grey / black metal/ plastic 
|-
| Samsung T5 SSD 
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}} USB 3.1 Gen 2 256GB 512GB alluring blue 1Tb 2Tb black unibody metal 
|-
| Samsung
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Seagate
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Seagate 
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Toshiba Canvio 1TB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|partition fat32 or sfs to 100GB max - ntfs partitions not detected out of the box - select usb drive in trident prefs and press disable to shutdown}}
|-
| Verbatim 160GB Smartdisk 
| 
| 
|  
| {{yes|works }}
|-
| Western Digital USB 
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;WD Essential 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;WD Passport 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}


=== USB DVD CD ROM Drives ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;12.5mm 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;12.5mm enclosure mini-sata dvd-rw 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested needs sole usb3 port to power it}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;9.5mm enclosure ECD829 mini-sata dvd-rw with Initio Corporation INIC-1618L SATA 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x13fd
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0840
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested but probably needs sole usb3 port to power it}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|}


=== USB to NGFF NVMe SDD HDD DVD CD ROM Drives ===

The older Jmicron JMS539B seems to result in massive filesystem corruption given the amount of corrupted content. Prehaps always avoided Jmicron and opted for Asmedia even if it costed a bit more. Realtek seems to be working okay for me generally speaking and newer Jmicron chipsets are less buggy – but evidently not perfect. 

From [https://goughlui.com/2025/08/17/psa-validate-your-storage-jmicron-jms583-kioxia-bg4-series-ssd-issue/ thread] 

Here is a [https://forums.anandtech.com/threads/stable-nvme-usb-adapter.2572973/ very long thread] that discusses data corruption and stability issues with these bridges. The majority of the posts are complaining of dropouts, hangs and the like, which usually down to either a poor USB 3.x implementation (SuperSpeed connections are very picky as to cables, ports and trace routing) or problematic compatibility. Regardless, the [https://www.legitreviews.com/jmicron-jms583-controller-version-matters-for-portable-usb-drives_219422 JMS583 is known to have several versions] noting that the last revision (C) in that article is a 2021 release which should fix earlier stability and cable quality compatibility issues. 
JMS583-STD-Release-v00.02.01.04-Bus Power.bin is the latest JMS583 firmware as of August 2025. 

Early firmware RTL9210 seems to have issues as well 


* RTL9210B
* JMS583 rev1 with firmware A2 or A3  

* RTL9210A
* JMS583 firmware 2.0.9 
* Asmedia ASM2362

* RTL9201A


The reference Hardware ID for the JMS583 chipset from JMicron is:
VID_152D&amp;PID_0583&amp;REV_0209
where &quot;VID_152D&quot; identifies a JMicron product;
&quot;PID_0583&quot; is the generation chipset;
&quot;REV_0209&quot; is the firmware version installed.

In the same way, the reference Hardware ID for the RTL9210 from Realtek is:
VID_0BDA&amp;PID_9210&amp;REV_3100
&quot;VID_0BDA&quot; is for a Realtek product, &quot;PID_9210&quot; is referred to the chipset and &quot;REV_3100&quot; to the firmware.


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ASM1153E / ASM1153 with firmware 140509_A1_82_40 or 141126_A1_EE_82. Both supports UASP and TRIM on USB 3.1 Gen.1 adapter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x174c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x55aa
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|works with sabrent ec-uasp}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ASM235CM Ugreen aluminum bridging the USB3.2 Gen2x1 to Serial ATA host interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x174c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TI 9261 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ASM225
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x174c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JMicron JMS578 issues USB 3.1 Gen.1 adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;152d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0578
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|needs fixing on pi4 storage quirks}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JMicron JMS576 issues USB 3 to usb-c adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;152d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0576
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|orico}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JMS562 JMicron Technology Corp
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;152d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0562
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JMS561U
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x152d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1561
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|works with sabrent ec-uasp}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VL716Q4 Orico black meshed aluminum usb c
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asmedia ASM1053E 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1B21 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x55aa
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ASmedia ASM1051E
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x174c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x55aa
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asmedia ASM1053
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x174C
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1536
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asmedia ASM104x
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1B21 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1042 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Unknown Chinese version 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0bc2
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2312 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|sometimes works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JMicron N5321 gr
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x152d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xa583
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Initio Corp INIC-1618L mini slimline sata 6 + 7 pins to usb2 adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x13FD
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0840
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0114
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|sometimes works mini sata to usb2 detects 201x laptop DVD as MassStorage(CD/DVD) but may need powered USB hub}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Unknown mini sata to usb3 adaptor 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x01F75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0621
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0036 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|sometimes works mini sata to usb3 detects 201x notebook DVD drive as MassStorage(SCSI) but 5V 1.5Amp needs powered hub to burn }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|}


=== External Floppy ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://techtravels.org/amiga/amigablog/ Amiga Floppy Project]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://aminet.net/package/driver/media/Catweasel_AROS_V1.2 Catweasel Mk4] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0xE159
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0001
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x00
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|2005 [http://archives.aros-exec.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=driver/storage works]}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Catweazle MK4plus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|2010  driver for Teac are best, Sony are good, but Mitsumi don't like the Catweasel}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://hxc2001.free.fr/floppy_drive_emulator/ HxC Floppy Emulator]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.softpres.org/glossary:kryoflux KyroFlux]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung SFD-321U/EP USB Floppy
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.cbmstuff.com/proddetail.php?prod=SCP SuperCard Pro] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.facebook.com/groups/greaseweazle Greaseweazle STM hardware], [https://cowlark.com/fluxengine/index.html Greaseweasel support], [https://github.com/keirf/greaseweazle python software], [https://amigakit.amiga.store/greaseweazle-p-91279.html buy], 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB FLOPPY DISK DRIVE (USB External Floppy Disk) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/SukkoPera/OpenFlops OpenFlops] with [https://github.com/keirf/flashfloppy FlashFloppy] Gotech clone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/hmerrett/HenryFlops HenryFlops reworked OpenFlops] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/tebl/Amiga-DrawBridge DrawBridge aka Arduino Amiga Floppy Disk Reader/Writer] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| arduino based hardware }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FL-2501 USB Portable Diskette Drive  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 usb - [https://amiga.robsmithdev.co.uk/ Drawbridge] [https://github.com/RobSmithDev/ArduinoFloppyDiskReader software] ribbon cable compat with p/n 19308801-19 and s/n U356244 - model ASM P/N 27l4226 and FRU P/N 05k9283 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Dell Floppy Drive Module USB External 3.5&quot; - Teac FD-05PUB 1.44mb 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 usb 1.1 
|-
|}


==ptp.class (PTP and MTP - other cameras and mp3 players)==

=== Cameras ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 20D
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2004  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon 350D (also known as the Digital Rebel XT/Kiss Digital N) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2005 DIGIC II processor 8-megapixel }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon PowerShot A430 A560 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2006 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 400D (XTi) digital SLR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 1000D also known as Rebel XS
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 10.2mp 720p  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon 450D aka Rebel Xsi 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 12.2mp }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon PowerShot S90 S95 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 2010 720p video - 10Mpixel }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon Powershot SD960 IS Digtal ELPH 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 Still Image: Exif 2.2 (JPEG), Movie: MOV (Image: H.264; Audio: Linear PCM) Lithium-ion Battery Pack NB-4L }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 500D aka Rebel  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 1080p 15.1MP Lithium  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 550D 600D aka Rebel T2i T3i DSLR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010-2011 1080p 18MP Lithium LP-E8 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon Powershot S100 S110 S120  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011-2013 720p-1080p video 12.1MP and above versions - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 1100D DSLR Camera aka Rebel T3 SLR, EOS Kiss X50 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 720p 10Mpixels Lithium  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 650D 700D aka Rebel T4i T5i T6i SLR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012-2013 1080p 18Mpixels Lithium LP-E8 articulating flip out twistable screen }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon ELPH 300 HS (IXUS 220 HS) 230 100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 blogging camera }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon PowerShot N 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013  12.1 MP CMOS, DIGIC 5 Wifi Lithium Battery Pack NB-9L }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon Powershot G7 X, G7X-II 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014-2016 1080p video 12.1MP and above versions - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 1300D DSLR Camera aka Rebel T6 SLR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 1080p 16Mpixels Lithium  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon Powershot G7x G5X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| G7X flip up and G5X flip out - same batteries - no external microphone input - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS M3 M5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| flip out - same batteries - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 60D 70D 80D 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon 6D 7D 8D 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon 5D Mark II III IV DSLR
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji FinePix A850
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FujiFilm Finepix F100fd
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji FinePix F810
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji xf1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| pocketable exr cmos 12mp }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji xt1  x-t1  x10 x-t10
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 1080p }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fujifilm x100 x100s x100t 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji xPro1 xPro2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji xt2 / x-t2 x-t20 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 4K video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GoPro HERO 3 HERO4 HERO 5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D100, D60
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2004 Compact flash storage - non interchangeable lenses up to 12.3MP sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D50, D50x 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2005  storage - 6.1MP sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D70, D80, D90 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2006 Compact flash storage - 10MP sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D40, D40x 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007  storage -  10MP sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D300, D700
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008  storage -  12.3MP sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D2Xs, D2Hs, D3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2006-2008  storage - sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D3000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 720p video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D5000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010 720p video unlike D3000 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D6000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010 16mpixel}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D7000  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010 16.2mp 720p video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon L26 L27 L28 L29 L31 Coolpix compact cameras 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 720p video - 2 AA - pocket sized }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D3100   
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 720p video 14.2mp}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D5100 DSLR
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 16.2mp  720p}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon L810 L820 L830 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012-2014 720p video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012  storage - sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D7100 D7200  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012-2014 up to 24.2mp 1080p video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D3200  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 1080p 24MPixel}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D5200 D5300  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 24.1MP 1080p }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D800 D600 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 1080p video sd card storage - dust/oil issue at start}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D3300 DSLR
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 24.2MP 1080p  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D500, a high-performance DX-format (APS-C) DSLR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D3400 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 24.2MP 1080p }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D5500 D5600 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016-2018 24.1MP 1080p }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D810 D610 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 1080p video sd card storage }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D7300 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 4K UHD video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D900 D850 D820 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 4k 46MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus C-370 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2004 3.2mp }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus Camedia C-725 Ultrazoom
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2004 3mp aa batteries, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus Evolt E-500
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2005 8mp  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus Evolt E-410 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus Evolt E-510
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007 10MP Live MOS sensor with TruePic III processor,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus E-420
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 10mp, compactflash and xD cards,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus E-520
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 10mp, compactflash and xD cards,  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus E-620
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 12.3mp, compactflash, xD and microdrive cards,  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus E-30 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus E-450 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 10mp,  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax * ist DS DSLR camera
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2005 6.1mp  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax K10D
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2006 10.2mp APS-C CCD no video and older manual Pentax K-mount lenses}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax K20D
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2008 14.6MP APS-C but no video recording mode }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax K30 K-5 II 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2012 16MP full HD (1080p) recording at 24/25/30 fps}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax K-3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 24MP 1080p  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax K-3 II
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2015 24MP  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax K-3 III
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 25.7MP BSI CMOS sensor  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic Lumix LZ10 LZ20 DMC-LZ30 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 720p video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic TZ1 TZ5  TZ9 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic Lumix GH1 GH2 like the DMC-GH2HEB-K - GH3 DMC-GH3HEB-K 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| Four Thirds (GH2)  MFT Micro Four Thirds (GH3) limited to 29mins recording }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic AF series AF100 AF101 AF102 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic Lumix DMC-G2 DMC-G3 G5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic TZ60 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic DMC LX7 10 LX15 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic GF7 GX8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic G80 G85 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| micro 4/3 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic GH4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| micro 4/3 - shooting in MOV or MP4 formats recording limited to sd card size but split files because the FAT32 file system only supports files up 4GB in size, which amounts to around 5 minutes of 4K (100mbps) footage - GH4 appears to create 4GB files as a rule, regardless of whether the memory card’s file system supports larger files or not - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic GH5 gx80 gx85 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| Effective: 20.3 Megapixel 5184 x 3888 - 2 sd card slots compatible with high-speed, high capacity UHS-II - sd card v rating like the v90 should record at 60MB/s to be compatible with the GH5 in the All-I format - possible file corruption with .mdt files - new firmware 2.0 update, the Panasonic GH5 becomes the first 5K - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic FZ2000 FZ2500 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung WB100 WB1100 WB150 WB2200 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 16MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung NX11 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung  NX200, NX20, NX1000 and NX210
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 20.3Mp APS-C sized CMOS image sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sanyo Xacti CG65
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sanyo 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Alpha DSLR-A100
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2005 6.1MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Cyber-shot DSC camera models W110 W220 H300 H400 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Alpha DSLR-A200
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 10.2MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Alpha DSLR-A230
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 10.2MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony A290 DSLR Camera 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010 14.2MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Cybershot HX20V HX30V 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 18mp 720p  - steady shot unit / optical block can cause buzzing noise and/or jumping image in lcd / viewfinder - dots are dirt and this voids the warranty }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Cybershot HX50V HX60V 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 20.2MP 1080p  - steady shot unit / optical block can cause buzzing noise and/or jumping image in lcd / viewfinder - dots are dirt and this voids the warranty }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony A77 A99 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony WX100 WX150 wx220 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 2014 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony NEX-6 Sony NEX-7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 16 to 24MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony NEX-3N Sony NEX-5N 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 16MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α58 Sony α68 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 20.1 MP  2014 24mp }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony rx100 mk III 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 20.1MP 1.0-type back-illuminated Exmor R CMOS sensor, often after boot-up, the motor starts running for no reason for first versions' -  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α5000 a5000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 20.1 Megapixel APS-C Exmor APS HD CMOS 1080p Sony E-mount [https://github.com/ma1co/Sony-PMCA-RE hack] using [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8M4hR9HiOzM this] }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α6000 a6000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 24MP APS-C sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α7 A7S a7r a7c 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 mirror less - more compact }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α77 II, α99 II, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2015 24.3 MP,  2016 42.4mp   }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony rx100 mk IV V 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2015 2016 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony RX0 RX zero, RX0 II
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2015 2017 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α6500 a6500 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 24.2MP APS-C sensor 4K }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α7 Alpha 7 II E-mount interchangeable lens mirrorless camera 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2017 24.2mp,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α7 A7Sii a7r a7c 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 mirror less - more compact }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony a7 III α77 ILCE7M3/B Full-Frame Mirrorless Interchangeable-Lens Camera
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 24.2mp,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony ZV-1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 24mm optical zoom, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony ZV-1F
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 entry-level vlogging, 1-inch 20.1MP, ultra-wide 20mm f/2 prime lens}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}

&lt;pre &gt;
Lens Mounts

Canon EF EF-S
Nikon F 
Panasonic 
Olympus OM 
Pentax DA, FA, F, A, M, and K series
Fujifilm X mount 
&lt;/pre &gt;

&lt;pre &gt;
Sensors

APS-C 
S35 
Full Frame 
43 Four Thirds 
M43 MFT Micro four thirds 
&lt;/pre &gt;


=== Digital Voice Recorder Dictaphone Dictation Machine Handheld ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-7000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested 2011 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-7200
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|untested 2012 no usb }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-7500 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested 2012 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-7600 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested 2013 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus WS-100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-7700 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-8600 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-711PC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-712PC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-731PC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus WS-811
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested slide out usb-a - aaa battery - ok recordings }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-540PC Olympus VN-541PC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Philips DVT1250
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony ICD-UX470
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony ICD-UX560
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony ICD-UX570 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}


=== USB eBooks Readers drm free EPUB version 2.0.1 (2007), 3.0 (2011), 3.1 (2015) or [https://www.w3.org/TR/epub-33/ 3.3 (2024)] [https://github.com/thansen0/sample-epub-minimal epub examples] formats access ===

EPUB file format is an open standard based on XHTML for content and XML for metadata, contained in a zip file archive 

PDF v2.0 in 2017, 2009 takeover by ISO Org, 1.7 in 2006 , 1.6 in 2005, 1.4 in 2001, 1.3 in 1999, 1.0 in 1993 


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Access
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Barnes and Noble Nook Simple Touch NST BNRV300 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2080
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0003
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;when finding the right micro usb cable that works, internal nook memory not accessible but sd card fat32 readable and writable outside 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2011 6in 600x800 e-ink 16 grayscale .jpg}} battery remove sd card and Torx T5 back top for Cameron Sino CS-BNR003SL - USA 1.2.2 md5sum 351e26527e80156183e74be2da2ce89f *nook_1_2_update.zip - 1.2.1 UK fdba3981f7f221cc5143db6329645bc2 *nook_1_2_update.zip - skip registration, Turn on the device, but do NOT start setting it up. Hold down the top right button on the front of the device and slide your finger from left to right across the top of the E Ink screen. A ‘Factory’ button should appear in the top left corner of the screen. Press it. Once in the Factory menu, hold down the top right button on the front of the device and tap the bottom right corner of the screen should now see a ‘Skip Oobe’ button. Tap that and the Nook should finally load the home screen. Poor battery management - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Barnes and Noble Nook Simple Touch with Glowlight 
*2012 Nook Simple Touch with GlowLight BNRV350 
*2013 Nook GlowLight BNRV500
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2080
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0004 0x0007 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2012 untested }} perform a hard reset: Turn off the nook completely, turn it on, as soon as you see the screen flash begin holding the bottom page turn buttons until the screen flashes with a message asking reset, press the 'n' key twice to start the reset - Poor battery management - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nook Glowlight 4 Plus 7.8-inch screen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} Poor battery management - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
*NOOK 1st Edition (2009-2018) BNRZ100
*NOOK Color (2010-2024) BNRV200
*NOOK Tablet (8GB/16GB) (2011-2024) BNTV250A / BNTV250
*NOOK HD (2012-2024) BNTV400 
*NOOK HD+ (2012-2024) BNTV600 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elonex 511EB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;045e:ffff
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2009 untested Preferences-&gt;advanced-&gt;debug device detection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://jaforeck.wordpress.com/2012/08/05/ready-to-meet-viktor-navorski-gained-access-to-elonex-621ebs-terminal-52/ Elonex 621EB] eBook 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1f85
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1688
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;unlocked ootb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2010 untested usb mini charging 6&quot; diagonal eInk Screen - 800 x 600 pixels, 8 Level 166dpi Paperlike screen, Embedded 1GB Flash NAND, full SD Card Slot up to 16GB - WAV, MP3, JPG, PNG, BMP, GIF support and ePub and PDF(with reflow) (TXT, HTML) support}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elonex 700eb 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2011 untested adjust screen blanking by menu then settings then device standby, you can then turn it off}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iRiver Story HD eBook 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} freescale imx.508 arm mcimx508cvkbb cpu with 2gb samsung nand, m13892aj charging chip, eb07_main_mp1_110321 mobo, mini usb, atheros ar61026 wifi - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iRiver Story 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kobo Rakuten Touch A/B	kobo3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kobo Touch C, Kobo Mini, Kobo Glo N613, Kobo Aura HD N514 N204	kobo4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kobo Aura, Kobo Aura H2O, kobo5
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2013 6in untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kobo Aura H2O Edition 2 v1, Kobo Glo HD, Kobo Touch 2.0, Kobo Aura ONE N709, Kobo Aura ONE Limited Edition, Kobo Aura Edition 2 v1 N236,	kobo6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kobo Aura H2O Edition 2 v2, Kobo Aura Edition 2 v2, Kobo Nia, Kobo Clara HD, Kobo Forma, Kobo Libra H2O	kobo7
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kobo Elipsa, Kobo Sage	kobo8
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
*Kobo Libra 2  kobo9, Kobo Clara 2E	kobo10, Kobo Elipsa 2E	kobo11
*Kobo Libra Colour	kobo13, Kobo Clara BW, Kobo Clara Colour	kobo12
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pandigital Personal eReader aka? Papyre 6.2 very similar to BQ Avant Firmware
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PRS 300 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PRS 350 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2009 epub bbeb cbz untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PRS-650
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle K1 D00111 - Main Menu=: Settings: Menu=: Device Info shows S/N 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0002
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;256mb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2007 untested Marvell Xscale PXA255}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle K2, D00511 170-1012-00, D00701 D00801 S11S01B  
* k2 means K2 US
* k2i means K2 GW
* dx means KDX US
* dxi means KDX GW
* dxg means KDX Graphite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0003
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;2gb unless jb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2010 untested Freescale i.MX31 }} the Kindle is a small computer running Linux 2.6 on an ARM processor
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMAZON Kindle D00901 3rd Gen with keyboard - Menu, Settings for S/N and then Menu again to choose Update 
* S/N starts B006 means k3g aka K3 3G US 
* S/N starts B008 means k3w aka K3 WiFi 
* S/N starts B00A means k3gb aka K3 3G UK EU 
 - debug mode with ;debugON and ~help
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0004
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;{{yes|4Gb internal no access until jailbroken JB}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 with mobi and azw3 formats only - micro usb 5v 0.85a - freescale i.mx35 ARM soc with 12bit parallel interface with epson e-ink cpu, 256MB synchronous dynamic RAM, 4GB eMMC internal memory only but no sd slot, MC13892 PMIC - atheros wifi 54mbit pci-e a e keyed wifi - ?? later models wm96103 audio codec - display has 2Mbit serial memory ic on ribbon cable with 4bpp inverse grayscale display not touchscreen - 3g module - screen replacement really annoying - 4 test points near T07 = TX RX GND ? - as of 2025, JB v0.13.N, MKK2014, MKK2025, KUAL, KoReader Legacy2025, and maybe later SS v0.47.N, Python 0.14.N, Fonts v5.16.N, USBNet v0.57.N - USB-downloader mode when Vol+ is pressed during startup - Shift + Alt + M for Minesweeper - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon Kindle 4th Generation k4 D01100 two buttons, square movement and two buttons at bottom 
*B00E 
plastic back clipped in [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LV1dyNkjjro many places] and strongly taped down to battery cover 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0005
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;2gb unless jb with USB MS, USBMS aka also known as USB MSC or UMS
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 once back off use Torx T5 to remove battery cover screws - battery glued down S2011-001-A 515-1058-01 DR-A015 MC-265360 - Freescale i.MX508 SOC, 2Gb eMMC storage, 256MiB of LPDDR1, MC13892 PMIC - vendor modified u-boot imximage based on u-boot v2009.08 - USB-downloader mode press the fiveway down button during startup resetmykindle - as of 2025 upgrade firmware from 4.1.x and to 4.1.4, sign into account and copy jb.1.8 bits, mkk-2014, mkk-2025, kual and then uninstall kual, koreader2025 - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle Touch WiFi (Kindle 5th Gen) D01200 K5, KT
*Once signed into an Amazon Account get S/N under Settings -&gt; Device Options
*B00F 	Kindle Touch 3G + WiFi (Kindle 5) (U.S. and Canada) [Mostly]
*B011 	Kindle Touch WiFi (Kindle 5)
*B010 	Kindle Touch 3G + WiFi (Kindle 5) (Europe) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0006
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;4gb unless jb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 touchscreen i.MX508 SOC, 256MiB of LPDDR1 and USB-downloader mode by the SOC microcode when a specific key is pressed during startup: the home button on model D01200 - update firmware 5.3.2 to 5.3.7.3, access account, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle PaperWhite 3G + WiFi (U.S.) [Mostly] PW 
&lt;pre&gt;
B024 	Kindle PaperWhite WiFi 
B01B 	Kindle PaperWhite 3G + WiFi (U.S.) [Mostly]
B020 	Kindle PaperWhite 3G + WiFi (Brazil) 
B01C 	Kindle PaperWhite 3G + WiFi (Canada)
B01D 	Kindle PaperWhite 3G + WiFi (Europe)
B01F 	Kindle PaperWhite 3G + WiFi (Japan)
&lt;/pre&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0007
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;2gb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 Freescale i.MX508 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0008
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;2gb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle PaperWhite 2 (2013) PW2 
*B0D4, 90D4 WiFi (U.S., Intl.) 
*B05A, 905A WiFi (Japan)
*B0D5, 90D5 3G + WiFi (U.S.) [Mostly]
*B0D6, 90D6 3G + WiFi (Canada] 
*B0D7, 90D7 3G + WiFi (Europe)
*B0D8, 90D8 3G + WiFi (Russia)
*B0F2, 90F2 3G + WiFi (Japan)
*B017, 9017 WiFi (4GB) (U.S., Intl.)
*B060, 9060 3G + WiFi (4GB) (Europe)
*B062, 9062 3G + WiFi (4GB) (U.S.) [Mostly]
*B05F, 905F 3G + WiFi (4GB) (Canada)
*B061, 9061 3G + WiFi (4GB) (Brazil) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0009
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;2gb or 4gb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| PW2 uses Freescale/NXP i.MX6 SoloLite  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle Paperwhite 3 PW3 i.e. Kindle 7th gen 
*G090G1 (2015) WiFi 
*G090G2 (2015) 3G + WiFi (U.S.) [Mostly] 
*G090G4 (2015) 3G + WiFi (Mexico)
*G090G5 (2015) 3G + WiFi (Europe, Australia) 
*G090G6 (2015) 3G + WiFi (Canada)
*G090G7 (2015) 3G + WiFi (Japan) 
*G090KB (2015) WiFi 
*G090KC (2015) 3G + WiFi (Japan) 
*G090KE (2016) 3G + WiFi (International) White 
*G090KF (2016) 3G + WiFi (International) White 
*G090LK (2016) WiFi, 32GB (Japan) 
*G090LL (2016) WiFi, 32GB (Japan) White 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x000A
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;4gb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| ease up glued down front bezel rim panel gently, remove 11 screws underneath and lift screen up from bottom end - battery underneath -  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle PaperWhite 4 (2018) PW4
*G000PP, G8S0PP WiFi, 8GB
*G000T6, G8S0T6 WiFi, 32GB
*G000T1  WiFi+4G, 32GB
*G000T2  WiFi+4G, 32GB (Europe)
*G00102  WiFi, 8GB (India)
*G000T3  WiFi+4G, 32GB (Japan)
*G0016T, G8S16T WiFi, 8GB Twilight Blue
*G0016Q, G8S16Q WiFi, 32GB Twilight Blue
*G0016U  WiFi, 8GB Plum
*G0016V, G8S16V WiFi, 8GB Sage 
*G00103  WiFi, 32GB (India) 
*G0016R  WiFi, 32GB Plum
*G0016S  WiFi, 32GB Sage 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x000B
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;8gb or 32gb
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| Freescale/NXP i.MX6 SoloLite }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle Oasis 2 and 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;8gb or 32gb
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| NXP i.MX7D  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle Paperwhite 5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;8gb or 16gb
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| MediaTek MT8110  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle 11 Scribe 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;8gb or 16gb
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| MediaTek MT8113 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle Paperwhite 6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;16gb or 32gb
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle Paperwhite Gen 11 and 12 - Signature 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;16Gb or 32Gb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 account not blocked,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/Modos-Labs Modos Labs] open source e-ink 60Hz 75Hz caster controller and glider monitor 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xteink X3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.xteink.com Xteink X4] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 4.3in 220ppi no touchscreen so [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R7RuokaVauo buttons navigation] - 650mAh battery - micro-sd slot up to 512Gb covering epub, txt, and jpg in directories with [https://github.com/crosspoint-reader crosspoint reader] esp32 cpu custom rom firmware using [https://xteink.dve.al/ Flash website] on usb-c but no ecosystem store 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Access
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon D01400 Kindle Fire (1st Generation) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2010 too old }} android 2.3 and touchscreen digitizer fails often, battery SWE P/N 1002000004742 Model KC1 (EU) QP01 (US) 16.28whr, ti 257epl9l omap 4430 with elpida 88164b3pf-10-f88164b3pf or hynix,  mobo ??,, DAOKC1MB8F0 Rev F, ti aic3110 audio codec, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon Fire 7in X43260 X43Z60 2nd Gen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 untested FireOS Android 4 omap 4460 and PowerVR SGX540}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon Kindle Fire HD (3rd Gen) P48WVB4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon 
*Amazon Fire HD10 (2015) 
*Amazon Fire HD8 (2015)	
*Amazon Fire HD7 (2015)	(5th Generation) 7 inch 8GB SV98LN 
*Amazon Fire HD7 (2014)	
*Amazon Fire HD6 (2014) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|untested android 5.1 max}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
*Amazon Fire 10 (2017) 
*Amazon Fire 8 (2017) 7th Gen 8 inch SX034OT 
*Amazon Fire 7 (2017) (7th Generation) 7 inch 16GB (SR043KL) 
*Amazon Kindle Fire 7 (7th Generation) 7 inch 8GB WIFI Tablet (SR043KL) 
*Amazon Fire HD8 (2016)	
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| Android 5.1 max 7in screen resolution of 1024 x 600, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
*Amazon Fire 10/10+ (2021) 
*Amazon Fire 8/8+ (2020) 
*Amazon Fire 10 (2019) 
*Amazon Fire 7 (2019) 
*Amazon Kindle Fire 7 9th Gen 16GB M8S26G 
*Amazon Fire 8 (2018) 8th Gen 8 inch 32GB L5S83A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| android 9 max}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon 
*Amazon Fire HD 10 (2023)	
*Amazon Fire Max 11 (2023)	
*Amazon Fire 8 (2022)	
*Amazon Fire 7 (2022)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| android 11 max}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon Kindle Scribe 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Minimal Phone, Mudita Kompakt 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| eink }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bigme B751C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2022 android untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bigme B7 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bigme B6
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 android based color eink small - 300dpi b/w 150ppi color -}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bigme 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| e-ink }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bigme Hibreak Pro, Hisense A9
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| e-ink}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iFlyTech AINote 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iFlyTech AINote 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meebook 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Page Palma 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 android untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Leaf3C
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Go Color 7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 untested 7in e-ink e-reader android tablet }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx BooxTab Ultra X C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Note Max Air4 C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Leaf5C
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Poke6S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Go 10.3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox MC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| color e-ink 13.3in }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Go 10.3 (Gen 2) Lumi 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 b/w eink with front light, no EMR annd capacitance pen,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Moaan Pantone 6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;reMarkable 1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2021 untested but subscriptions needed for some features }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;reMarkable 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 untested but subscriptions needed for some features }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;reMarkable Paper Pro Move 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 untested but subscriptions needed for some features }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;reMarkable 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 untested but subscriptions needed for some features}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;reMarkable 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Supernote A5 X2 Manta
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Supernote A6 X2 Nomad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Supernote 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tolino Vision 2 3 4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tolino Epos2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Viwoods AI Paper and AI Paper Mini 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


==printer.class==

As the only printer driver that AROS supports natively is Postscript, our focus is on applications that generally output postscript formatted data for printing purposes. 
There has been an attempt at recent AirPrint support 

*Inkjet 


*Laser 


Start simple and then test every higher level...

* can if you ping your printer (the IP addy is good)?
* set up LPR/IPP to talk to that known good IP address.
* see if you can copy a few words of plain ASCII text to the IPP/LPR device (do you have a connection)?
* see if you can find a simple postscript file and then copy it to the IPP/LPR device.
* see if you can set up to print directly to the IPP/LPR device (set &quot;Output file&quot; to PRT: or LPR:).
* see if you can set up a PS printer config to the IPP/LPR device.
* go back and try the tests with the other driver (LPR or IPP).


See [http://www.irseesoft.de/tp_drive7.htm here] for compatibility with TP7 (TurboPrint 7) Last update 2004. Not tested under emulation. Janus-UAE, Emumiga, Amiberry etc 


usbparallel.device

untested with USB-&gt;Centronics - The printer.class is rather 'clever'. It remembers to which unit the printers were connected (until you reboot). So if you first plug in Printer1, it gets unit 0, and Printer2 gets unit 1. If you now remove both printers and replug Printer2, it still will get unit 1 and not 0. This is used not to confuse the programs using the different units (moreover, if some program uses the usbparallel.device unit of an USB printer, and the printer is unplugged, the device unit cannot be freed immediately as the application still keeps it open). 


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Beige cream D shape centronics end (Prolific chipset?) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Belkin F5U002v1 centronics end (chipset?) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Belkin F5U002VEA v2 centronics end (Prolific PL2305L chipset) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| DYNAMODE USB-C-PP-1284 USB to 36pin (Prolific 2305 chipset) 
| 0x067b
| 0x2305
| 0x02
| {{N/A|untested but similar to BAFO below}}
|-
| IOGear GUC1284B 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| My-Link (raised ellipse on centronics plastic end) (unknown chipset) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested but more expensive }}
|-
| NEWLink (Prolific chipset?) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Targus PA096E centronics end (chipset?) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| TRENDnet ware TU-P1284
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| True PnP (Prolific chipset 2305) cheap 36pin Centronics (series of ridges along both short sides) 
| 0x067b
| 0x2305
| 2.00
| {{N/A|untested on BAFO BF-1284 but reports of poor quality and lack of support on other OSs }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| Transparent See Through Blue 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested but possible poor quality build }}
|-
| Dynamode USB-PARALLEL 25pin female (prolific) 
| 0x067b
| 0x2305 
| 0x02 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| FDL USB to 25pin 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| PlusKom USB to 25pin female connector for printer (IEEE 1284) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| QinHeng Electronics (CH340S chipset) 
| 0x1a86
| 0x7584
| 
| {{N/A|untested curvy sides - flat top }}
|-
| StarTech 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Syba SD-USB-DB25 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}


Postscript interpreters (eg ghostscript) have been developed as a cheaper option which sit in between postscript data streams and non postscript printers.

Ghostscript has internal printer drivers

 gs -h

and with something like

 gs -sDEVICE=stcolor -r300 -sOutputFile=RAM:tempfile gs813:examples/tiger.ps
 copytopar ram:tempfile

It checks if in RAM: exists a outputfile (Cinnamon can export to PS postscript) then it sends this via copytopar to the printer. There was only support for parport (parallel) but Terminillis added support for USB and ethernet. A big issue with using ghostscript for drivers is that data has to originate as postscript (.PS) file.

 gs -dSAFER -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -sDEVICE=ljet4 -sOutputFile=RAM:tempfile RAM:file.pdf

the ljet4 output device generates PCL

also the pxlmono driver, which generates more generic PXL (PCL 6)

 gs -q -sstdout=%stderr -sDEVICE=pswrite -sOutputFile=- -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -dPARANOIDSAFER testpage-a4.ps &gt; test.pdf

 gs -q -sstdout=%stderr -sDEVICE=pxlmono -sOutputFile=- -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -dPARANOIDSAFER test.pdf &gt; test.pxl


Printers supported by ghostscript...Explanation [http://freebooks.by.ru/view/RedHatLinux6Unleashed/rhl6u151.htm here] or [http://www.gnu.org/software/ghostscript/devices.html here] and [http://pages.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/doc/printer.htm here]

&lt;pre&gt;
bit            cljet5          ljet4d          pjxl300         pxlcolor
bitcmyk        cljet5c         ljetplus        pkm             pxlmono
bitrgb         deskjet         nullpage        pkmraw          stp
bj10e          djet500         pbm             pksm            tiff12nc
bj200          epswrite        pbmraw          pksmraw         tiff24nc
bjc600         faxg3           pcx16           png16           tiffcrle
bjc800         faxg32d         pcx24b          png16m          tiffg3
bmp16          faxg4           pcx256          png256          tiffg32d
bmp16m         ijs             pcxcmyk         pnggray         tiffg4
bmp256         jpeg            pcxgray         pngmono         tifflzw
bmp32b         jpeggray        pcxmono         pnm             tiffpack
bmpgray        laserjet        pdfwrite        pnmraw          uniprint
bmpmono        lj5gray         pgm             ppm             x11
bmpsep1        lj5mono         pgmraw          ppmraw          x11alpha
bmpsep8        ljet2p          pgnm            psgray          x11cmyk
cdeskjet       ljet3           pgnmraw         psmono          x11gray2
cdj550         ljet3d          pj              psrgb           x11gray4
cdjcolor       ljet4           pjxl            pswrite         x11mono
cdjmono
&lt;/pre&gt;


==rawwrap.class - some old flatbed scanners supported==

Scandal is the MUI frontend to [http://www.ppa.pl/bugtracker/ Betascan Bugtracker] and [http://aminet.net/search?query=betascan Search for Betascan scanner drivers] derived from [http://www.sane-project.org/sane-backends.html sane backends] 


[http://www.sane-project.org/sane-backends.html#S-EPSON2 Epson2] 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Expression 1600 1640XL 1680 10000XL
| 0x04b8
| 0x0107 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Prefection 1200U, 1200 Photo, 
| 0x04b8
| 0x0104
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Perfection 1240U
| 0x04b8
| 0x010b
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{[https://amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?topic_id=45760&amp;forum=25 works]|Needs 24V 0.8A psu but in Trident, click on &quot;Classes&quot;, then on &quot;rawwrap.class&quot;, then on &quot;Configure&quot;. There, under &quot;Global&quot;, activate the Option &quot;Bind to Vendor/Unknown Interfaces&quot;. Now go to the second tab &quot;Default Interface&quot; and select/enter these values: 
Default usbraw.device Unit: 0
Exclusive access: Yes
Out NAK Timeout: 20000ms
In NAK Timeout: 20000ms
In Buffer Mode: No buffering
Buffer Size: 36 KB
Short Reads Terminate: Yes
Now click on &quot;Use as Default&quot; and select &quot;Devices&quot; on the left. There, click on your scanner and click on &quot;Class Scan&quot;. Now close Trident by clicking on &quot;Save&quot;. }}
|-
| Perfection 1640SU Photo
| 0x04b8
| 0x010a
| 0x0104
| {{yes|works, even the transparency unit}}
|-
| Perfection 1650 Photo, 1660 Photo, 3200 Photo
| 0x04b8
| 0x011c
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Perfection 2400 Photo, 2450 Photo 
| 0x04b8
| 0x011b 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Perfection 4870 Photo, 4990 Photo, 
| 0x04b8
| 0x0128
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Perfection V700 V750 Photo
| 0x04b8
| 0x012c
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Stylus CX2800 2900 3200 3500 3600 3650 3700 3800 3900

Stylus CX4100 4200 3500 4600 4700 4800 4900 500 5100 5200 5300 5400 5900
| 0x04b8 
| 0x0802 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Stylus Office BX300F USB 
| 0x04b8
| 0x0848
| 
| {{yes| works with good scan quality}}
|-
|}


[http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/ gt68xx] scanners based on the Grandtech GT-6801 and GT-6816 &quot;System-On-Chip&quot; scanner chipsets 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Artec Ultima 2000 and e+, Trust Flat Scan USB 19200 (ePlus2k.usb / Gt680xfw.usb) 
| 0x05d8
| 0x4002
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Genius Colorpage Vivid3x 4x 1200x
| 0x0458
| 0x2011 to 0x201f
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  (ccd548.fw)}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lexmark	X70	also X73 [http://subfusion.net/drivers/oslo3071b2.usb OSLO3071b2.usb]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x043d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x002d
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Medion/Lifetec/Tevion/Cytron MD/LT 9375 and Artec Ultima 2000, MD LT 9385 Gt680xfw.usb 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x05d8
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x4002
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| BearPaw 2448 CS and TA Plus [http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/firmware/A2Nfw.usb A2Nfw.usb]
| 0x055f
| 0x021a
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009  }}
|-
| Mustek BearPaw 1200 CS 
| 0x055f
| 0x021e
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  ([http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/firmware/A1fw.usb A1fw.usb])}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mustek 1200 CU Plus Scanner [http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend PS1Dfw.usb / SBSfw.usb]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2000 }}
|-
| Mustek ScanExpress 1200 UB plus, Trust Compact Scan USB 19200, ScanMagic 1200 UB Plus
| 0x05d8
| 0x4002 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  ([http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/firmware/sbfw.usb sbfw.usb])}}
|-
| Mustek ScanExpress 1248 UB aka PC-World PC Line PCL-3000 
| 0x055f
| 0x021f
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| ([http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/firmware/SBSfw.usb SBSfw.usb])}}
|-
| Mustek BearPaw 2400CS TA aka Goodmans GSC 12/24
| 0x055f
| 0x0218
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| (Transparency adapter untested) }}
|-
| BearPaw 2400 CS aka TA Plus
| 0x055f
| 0x0219
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  (Transparency adapter) }}
|-
| Packard Bell Diamond 1200 Plus
| 0x055f
| 0x021c or 0x021b 
| 0x0
| {{yes|works - [http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/ firmware required] but slow usb 1.1 speed with poor quality output (scanner fault not scandal)}}
|-
| Packard Bell Diamond 2400 Plus aka BearPaw 2400 CU Plus [http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/ PS2Dfw2.usb firmware rename to PS2Dfw.usb]
| 0x055f
| 0x021d 
| 1.00
| {{yes|works slow usb 1.1 speed with ok quality output (scanner fault not scandal)}}
|-
| Plustek OpticPro 1248U
| 0x07B3
| 0x0400 0x0401
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| (ccd548.fw)}}
|-
| Plustek OpticSlim 2400
| 0x07b3
| 0x0422
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  (cis3R5B1.fw)}}
|-
| Visioneer OneTouch 7300
| 0x04a7
| 0x0444
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  (Cis3r5b1.fw)}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mustek ScanEpress 1200 UB (Plus) clone [http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/ use mustek_usb backend]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x055f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0006
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


Lexmark - needs testing
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Lexmark X1110 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Lexmark X1140
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Lexmark X1150 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Lexmark X1170 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Lexmark X1180 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Lexmark X1185
| 0x043d
| 0x007c
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Lexmark X12xx 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested in USB1.1, not fully tested in USB2.0}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Dell A920 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


HP - no driver
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| HP ScanJet 4100C
| 0x03f0 
| 0x0101
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| HP ScanJet 5200C
| 0x03f0 
| 0x0401
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| HP ScanJet 62X0C
| 0x03f0 
| 0x0201
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| HP ScanJet 63X0C
| 0x03f0 
| 0x0601
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| HP  
| 0x03f0
| 0x0102, 0x0105, 0x0205, 0x0305, 0x0405
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| HP
| 0x03f0
| 0x0705, 0x0805, 0x0901, 0x0a01
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| HP
| 0x03f0
| 0x1205, 0x1305, 0x2005, 0x2205
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


Plustek [http://www.sane-project.org/sane-backends.html#S-PLUSTEK LM983x] - no driver
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Plustek OticPro U12 UT12 UT16 U24 UT24
| 0x07B3
| 0x0010 to 0x0017
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| KYE/Genius Colorpage HR6-V2 HR6A HR7 HR7LE HR6X
| 0x0458
| 0x2008 to 0x2016 
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Hewlett-Packard ScanJet 2100C and 2200C
| 0x03F0
| 0x0505 and 0x0605
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Mustek BearPaw 1200 and 2400 
| 0x0400 	
| 0x1000 and 0x1001
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| UMAX 3400/3450 and 5400 	
| 0x1606
| 0x0050, 0x0060 and 0x0160 
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Epson Perfection 1250 and 1260
| 0x04B8
| 0x010f and 0x011d
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| CANON CanoScan N650/656U N1220U D660U N670/676U N1240U LIDE20 LIDE25 LIDE30
| 0x04A9
| 0x2206 to 0x2220
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


[http://snapscan.sourceforge.net/ SnapScan] - no driver
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Acer Benq 310U, 320U, 340U
| 0x4a5
| 0x0
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Acer Benq 620U, 620UT, 640U, 640UT
| 0x4a5
| 0x20
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Acer Benq 1240 3300 4300
| 0x4a5
| 0x020
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Agfa SnapScan e10 e20 e25 e26 e40 e42 e50 e52
| 0x06bd
| 0x20
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Epson Perfection 660
| 0x04b8
| 0x0114
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Epson Perfection 1270 1670
| 0x04b8
| 0x0
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Epson Perfection 2480 2580
| 0x04b8
| 0x0
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Epson Perfection 3490 3590
| 0x04b8
| 0x0
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Mitsubishi
| 0x0
| 0x0
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}

==hub.class (self-powered and external ac powered hubs)==

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Dynamode USB-H41 4 ports 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Belkin 4 Port 
| 
| 
| 
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| Conrad
| 
| 
| 
| {{yes|[http://www.a1k.org/forum/showthread.php?t=11432 works on a1k forum] }}
|-
| DLink DUB-H4 AC Adapter 
| 0x05e3
| 0x0608
| High 0200
| {{maybe|WARNING Genesys Logic Hub Broken - Will cause failures with USB}}
|-
| [http://service.targa.co.uk/faq.php?lang_id=2&amp;baseid=178&amp;artdesc=SilverCrest+USB+Hub+2040&amp;artid=760&amp;artpic=silvercrestHUB2040.jpg SilverCrest 4-port slim USB 2.0 HUB - HUB2040 (40775) - Targa GmbH]
| 0x05e3
| 0x0608
| 0901
| {{yes|works  Genesys Logic, Inc., [http://service.targa.co.uk/dokumente/USB_HUB_2040_0109_manual_EN.pdf Manual]}}
|-
| Skymaster
| 0x05e3
| 0x0605
| 060B
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| No Name active 4-port
| 0x1a40
| 0x0101
| 0111
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thinkpad USB 3.0 Dock DU9019D1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17e9
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x4302
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0014
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|works a bit}} classed as dfu.class with two further USB 2.0 hubs - USB 3.0 ports detected and work (2.0 backwards compatibility) - DisplayLink DL-3900 with VIA VL811 chipset - usb ethernet not working - two dvi not working - 20V psu 2a (40w) with a 5.5 - 2.5mm tip (no bus power) - data through a-b printer/scanner usb lead - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


==Internet==

===rndis.class USB Tethering ===

The rndis class provides support for Ethernet access over Remote NDIS. Most USB based devices should be supported including smartfones.

Before opening Network Prefs, activate USB Tethering on the Smartfon, on Network prefs, type in usbrndis.device and tick &quot;Start Network during system boot&quot; and saved the configuration, the Connection is immediate no reboot is needed.

When restart AROS my Smartphone deactivates the connection and to access the network again, have to reactivate it before starting the browser.

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alcatel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|untested}}
|- 
| Huawei U8800
| 0x12d1
| 0x1039
| 
| {{yes|works}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Huawei
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|untested}}
|- 
| HTC (Android phone)
| 0x0bb4
| 0x0ffe
| 
| {{Yes|any android phone with usb tethering option}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nokia 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|untested}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Oppo 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|untested}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung Galaxy 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|untested}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iPhone
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft winPhone
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


===USB &amp;rarr; ethernet lan adaptor===

*2002 playstation 2 usb1.1 era - a little support but very old and slow 
*2006 wii asix era - a little support but very much miss than hit 
*2026 usb0: or eth0: of CDC Ethernet protocol (cdcether) with Ethernet Control Model (ECM) and [https://www.usb.org/document-library/class-definitions-communication-devices-12 others like Wireless Mobile Communication Devices WMC] and later CDC EEM (Ethernet Emulation Model) and NCM (Network Control Model) are USB Communication Device Class (CDC) protocols packing more Ethernet traffic over every USB bundle. For CDC Ethernet - NCM is better than EEM is better than ECM 


* USB1.1 Up to 010 meg broadband (1.25MBytes/s) - ADM8511, DM9601 poor speeds 
* USB2.0 Up to 400 meg broadband (60MBytes/s) - MCS7830, AX88772 a little especially the 2010 apple version but buy many as very very poor odds of working one 
* USB3.0 Over 400 meg broadband (60+MBytes/s) - not supported at the moment 


SANA (Standard Amiga Network Architecture) to usb 

ADMtek Infineon ADM8511 Pegasus II (USB 1.1 and 10Mbit/s - Sony PlayStation 2 network adapter) 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| 3Com 3c460b 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2001 }}
|-
| Abocom UFE1000 / Abocom DSB650TX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Accton USB320-EC / Accton SpeedStream Ethernet
| 0x083a
| 0x0320
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{unk|2002 }}
|-
| AEI USB Fast Ethernet / Allied Telesyn AT-USB100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2002 }}
|-
| ATEN UC-110T
| 0x0557
| 0x4000
|
| {{unk|2001 }}
|-
| BAFO USB To Ethernet Adapter BF-310
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2001 }}
|-
| Belkin F5D5050 v1 1101 
| 0x050D
| 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{maybe|2002 sometimes works from old amiga.org post which is now removed}}
|-
| Belkin F5D5050 v2 2101
| 0x050D
| 0x0121
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{no|2006 does not works}} 
|-
| Belkin F5U122-PC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Billionton USB-100 / Billionton USBLP-100
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Billionton USBEL-100 / Billionton USBE-100
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Compex LinkPort/UE202A
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| D-Link DSB-H3ETX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| D-Link DSB-650 / D-Link DSB-650TX / D-Link DSB-650TX-PNA
| 0x2001
| 0x4000
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| D-Link DU-E10 / D-Link DU-E100
| 0x2001
| 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Edimax USB Ethernet Adapter EU-4201 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Elsa AG MicroLink USB2 Lan Ethernet adapter
| 0x05cc
| 0x3000
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.01
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| GetNet
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| GIGABYTE GN-BR402W Wireless Router
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Goodway Fellowes USB UE-120 REV:V1 UE120 ADMTek 1011594 HO2419741 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07a6
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0986
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0001
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|2001 USB Specification 1.1 compliant}} 
|-
| GWC Tech USB Ethernet Adapter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Hawking UF100
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| HP HN210E / I/O DATA USB ETTX / Kingston KNU101TX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Jinco USB Ethernet Adapter 10/100 Base-T UE-110
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Kouwell USB to Ethernet 588A
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Linksys USB10T / TA / TX
| 0x066b
| 0x2202
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|untested - possible peg1/peg2}}
|-
| Linksys (Cisco) USB100TX / H1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Logitec LAN-TX/U1 H2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| [http://www.mayflash.com/psps2/ps2024/ps2024.htm Mayflash PS2024] Playstation2 compatible clone of Proxim/Farallon NetLine?
| 0x07a6
| 0x8511
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.01
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|works with DHCP router option on old 32bit distros but not on newer 64bit, best to go asixeth apple 2010 but buy many of them as poor success rate i.e. a lottery}}
|-
| Netgear FA101
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Philips CPWUE01/00 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Planet UE-9500 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| PlayStation 2 SCPH-10000 50000 models 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Proxim (formerly Farallon) NetLine USB PN796-650
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Siemens SpeedStream USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| SOHOware NUB100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| SMC EZNET-USB 2202USB/ETH / SMC 2206USB/ETH
| 0x0707
| 0x0100 0x0200 0x0201
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{unk|untested but should work very well }}
|-
| Surecom EP-1427X 100/10M
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Target USB to 10/100M Fast Ethernet Converter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trendnet TU-ET100C
| 0x07a6
| 0x8511 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0
| {{yes| sometimes works well, very stable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Digitus USB NIC DN-3016-A 
| 0x07a6
| 0x8513
| 1.01
| {{unk|untested new chipset }}
|-
| Digitus lanusb ADM8515
| 0x07a6
| 0x8515
| 1.01
| {{unk|untested because new chipset }}
|-
| VE285 usblan ADMtek 8515 
| 0x07a6
| 0x8515
| 1.01
| {{no|not working as new chipset }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


Davicom DM9601 eth (USB 1.1 and up to 10Mbit/s) 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Davicom USB-100 see clone below 
| 0x0a46
| 0x9601
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2001 }}
|-
| [http://wiki.maemo.org/USB_to_ethernet_networking chinese translucent transparent crystal blue] but variants are also found in clear, white and black. Just over 6&amp;nbsp;cm long. 
| 0x0a46
| 0x9601
| 0x0
| {{yes|2002 success can be sporadic so technically okay, but lacking in reliability. Out of 4 tested by me, only 2 worked. One case cracked open. }}
|-
| Corega FEther USB-TXC
| 0x07aa
| 0x9601
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Dynamode USB-NIC-1427-100
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Hirose USB-100
| 0x0a47
| 0x9601
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| KY-RS9600
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|[http://www.amiga.org/forums/showpost.php?p=585358&amp;postcount=12 works] }}
|-
| ShanTou ST268 USB NIC
| 0x0a46
| 0x0268
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| ZT6688 USB NIC 
| 0x0a46
| 0x6688
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ICS Advent DM9601 USB 2.0 10/100M Ethenet Adaptor JP1081B 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0FE6
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x9700
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0101
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|not working 32bit and 64bit - USB 1.1 10M ethernet}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


MosChip MCS7830 (USB 2)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Digitus DN-10050
| 0x9710
| 0x7830
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2004 }}
|-
| Edimax [http://www.edimax.co.uk/images/Image/datasheet/USB/EU-4206/EU-4206.pdf EU-4206]
|
| 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2005 }}
|-
| Speed Dragon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| STLabs 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| StarTech Compact USB2105S [http://www.kustompcs.co.uk/acatalog/info_6790.html USB2106S]
| 0x9710
| 0x7830
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007 }}
|-
| Sunrich Technologies [http://www.st-lab.com/admin/upfile/UploadFile/manual/manual(u-250).zip U-250]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2006 }}
|-
| Syba 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MCS 7832 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2008 }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


* USB2 [https://www.asix.com.tw/en/product/USBEthernet Asix Ethernet] AX88178A, AX88772C, AX88772B, AX88772A (wii), AX88172A 
* USB3 AX88179A, AX88179  

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| AirLink101 AGIGAUSB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009  AX88172}}
|-
| ATEN UC210T 
| 0x0557
| 0x2009
| 0x
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| AX88172}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Billionton Systems USB2AR
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x08dd
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x90ff
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Buffalo LUA-U2-KTX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0411
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x003d
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;corega FEther USB2-TX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07aa
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0017
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no| }}
|-
| D-Link DUB-E100 up to rev A4
| 0x2001
| 0x1a00
| 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;D-Link DUB-E100 rev B1 onwards 
| 0x07d1 or 0x2001 
| 0x3c05
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|AX88172 works on Deneb with [http://amigax.com/2010/02/21/usb-ethernet-speed-test-amigaos-4-0-classic/ Amiga OS4 Classic] and [http://www.a1k.org/forum/showthread.php?t=11432 on a1k] }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;goodway corp USB gwusb2e
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1631
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x6200
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hawking UF200 
| 0x07b8
| 0x420a 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[Linksys USB200M] 
| 0x077b
| 0x2226
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|[http://www.amiga.org/forums/showpost.php?p=585601&amp;postcount=20 works] }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Netgear FA120 
| 0x0846 
| 0x1040
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested 2002 10/100 Rev.B1&quot; is silkscreened on the board of the device populating this entry (S/N: FA12254CB100409, date code 0508). This device may be manuf. by [http://www.cameo.com.tw/ Cameo] &quot;AX88172 L&quot;, &quot;F05040157&quot;, and &quot;ED3&quot; Chip1 ASIX AX88172  Chip2 Realtek RTL8201BL}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intellinet
| 0x0b95 
| 0x1720
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JVC MP-PRX1 Port Replicator
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x04f1
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3008
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ST Lab USB Ethernet
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1720
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sitecom LN-029 &quot;USB 2.0 10/100 Ethernet adapter&quot;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x6189
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x182d
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Surecom EP-1427X-2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1189
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0893
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TrendNet TU2-ET100 v2
| 0x07b8
| 0x420a 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|version 2}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;A-LINK NA1GU 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 88772}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AirLink101 ASOHOUSB Wii 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AirLive EtherWe-1000U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;APPLE AX88772 Model No. A1277 MC704LL/A P/N 825-7098-A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x05ac 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1402
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2008  usb2, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;APPLE Model No. A1277 (MB442Z/A 0885909217434) MC704ZM/A PN 825-7579-A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x05ac 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1402
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|2010 model, usb2 and controller AX88772 where prehaps 1in3 units working with owb - really poor odds i.e. a lottery, could be situation where various ethernet phy chipsets are used - press Use in network prefs after Save initial setup typing in usbasixeth.device, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ASIX AX88772 bulbous casing 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7720 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|2008 works on 32bit and 64bit though setup can take a few attempts but may have issues with phy ethernet chip changing,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Datel Wii Lan Adapter DUS0204 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EdiMax EU-4207 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Goodway HE2230 Maplin ASIX 88772 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intec LAN G5626 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;LevelOne USB-0202
| 0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x07720
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;LevelOne USB-0301
| 0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x07720
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Linksys USB200M Rev 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x13b1
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0018
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|2008 sparsely randomly working AX88772 or with &quot;Sana-II Meter Tool 37.11&quot; network monitoring program, showing continuous &quot;Bad Packet&quot; errors which could means &quot;CRC&quot; errors}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Linksys USB300M 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|2009 AX88772  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash W001 or clones Lupo/PEGA S-Wii-0680 light gray rectangular with third of one top 45 degree angled slope
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7720 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| may have randomly changed phy ethernet chips, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Max Value MVF00446 ASIN B006EG568A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7720 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|Trident prefs recognises as AX88772 sometimes works on 32bit and 64bit}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NEWLink N14050 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NEWLink Wii-ETH USB2.0
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nintendo Wii LAN Adaptor 2110566 and clones 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x07720
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|Poseidon recognises as AX88772 with usbasixeth.device sometimes works seems different ethernet phy chips can be matched affecting compatibility}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nyko Wii Net Connect 87024
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|[http://www.amiga.org/forums/showpost.php?p=585624&amp;postcount=22 works] }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;0Q0 cable ethernet
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1557
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7720
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Plugable USB2-E100 (2009/2010) Bulbous housing 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7720 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|Trident prefs recognises it as ax88772A and typing in usbasixeth.device sometimes works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sabrent KINAMAX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SpeedLink SL-3401-SGY 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TrendNet TU2-ET100 v3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UGreen 20254 USB2 to 10/100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| AX88772}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Afunta Apple-style White USB2.0 I/O Crest SY-ADA24005 ASIX Electronics Corp. AX88772A Fast Ethernet Adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x772a
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|usbasixeth.device accepted by network prefs but does not work}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon Basics USB 2.0 AX88772A
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Digitus DN-10050-1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x772a
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Edimax EU-4230  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x772a
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sabrent KINAMAX NT-USB20 AX88772A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; AX88772B USB 2.0 to 10/100M 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EdiMax EU-4208 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x772b
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Detected but not working}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech USB2100 ASIX AX88772C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.asix.com.tw/en/product/USBEthernet/High-Speed_USB_Ethernet/AX88772D AX88772D]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1790
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.asix.com.tw/en/product/USBEthernet/High-Speed_USB_Ethernet/AX88772E AX88772E]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AX88178 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2004 }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Plugable USB2-E1000 i.e. USB 2.0 to Gigabit Ethernet 10/100/1000 LAN 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 ASIX AX88178 Controller and Realtek RTL8211CL PHY}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AX88178A USB 2.0 to 10/100/1000M Gigabit Ethernet controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2005 }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AmazonBasics USB3.0 adapter [https://github.com/nothingstopsme/AX88179_178A_Linux_Driver AX88179] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cable Matters SuperSpeed USB 3.0 RJ45 adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hori Nintendo Switch 1 USB3 ethernet AX88179 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1790
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2017 AX88179 not binding to asixeth.class }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Plugable USB3-E1000  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1790
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2020 ASIX AX88179 not binding to class, USB 3.2 Gen1 to Gigabit Ethernet controller with integrated 10/100/1000Mbps Gigabit Ethernet PHY}}  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Plugable AX88179 = [https://plugable.com/products/usb3-e1000-deal USB3-E1000] before mid-2023 or USB3-E1000; AX88179A = USBC-E1000 after mid-2023
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022  controller is AX88179 phy is ??, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech USB31000SPTW ax88179 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1790
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no| AX88179 not binding to asixeth.class, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech USB31000NDS AX88179 USB-A
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech US1GC301AU AX88179 USB-c
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech US1GC30B2 AX88179A USB-c
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech USB32000SPT AX88179A USB-c Rev 1 (AX88179) Rev 2 (AX88179A) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;USB32000SPT the Lot code sticker will have a bar code accompanied by a 10 digit number. The 5th and 6th digits of this lot code number would signify the revision. (Ex. xxxx02xxxx which would indicate rev. 2)
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SYBA SY-ADA24029 Gigabit AX88179 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }} may depend on the PHY chip connected to the controller chipset
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TP-Link UE306 AX88179 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TeckNet® Orico UL677G 10/100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TeckNet® UL688G USB 3.0 10/100/1000 Base-T Ethernet port 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;AX88179 178A 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tecknet UL699G 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TrendNet TU2-ET100 v6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07b8
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|no support }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;uGreen 50922 USB3-A to 100/1000 dark grey rounded barrels 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no| ax88179 not binding to asixeth.class, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UGreen USB3-C to 100/1000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1790
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;uGreen CR111 20256 usb3 a black plastic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| AX88179}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;  AX88179A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Plugable USB3-E1000 USBC-E1000 after mid-2023 i.e. AX88179A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech USB31000SPTB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1790
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  AX88179A USB-A, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;  AX88179B
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


==USB  &amp;rarr; SerialPort Converter==

*2002 some support for early revisions of PL2303 
*2005 Prolific PL2303H PL-2303X and Pl-2303HX (same usb ids as pl2303) no support 
*2025 FTDI 232R [https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=1135&amp;highlight=232r&amp;rowstart=20 work in progress] 
*2026 CDC-ACM i.e. Serial port over USB standard 

serialpl2303.class make sure you specify serialpl2303.device or Echo &quot;Test&quot; &gt;SER1: 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| ATEN UC-232A 
| 0x0557 
| 0x2008 
| Full 0x0300
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| IOGear GUC232A 
| 0x0557  
| 0x2008 
| Full 0x0110
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Alcatel 
| 0x11f7 
| 0x02df 
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| BAFO BF-810 
| 0x067B  
| 0x2303 
| 0x0
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Belkin F5U103 
| 0x
| 0x
| 0x0
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Davibe SP611 
| 0x067B 
| 0x2303 
| 0x0 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Dcu10 
| 0x0731
| 0x0528
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Elcom 
| 0x056e
| 0x5003
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| IOData 
| 0x04bb 
| 0x0a03 
| 0x0
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Itegno 
| 0x0eba
| 0x1080
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Nokia CA42 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Radioshack 
| 0x1453
| 0x4026
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Ratoc 
| 0x0584
| 0xb000
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Samsung 
| 0x04e8
| 0x8001
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Siemens DCA-510 
| 0x067B 
| 0x2303 
| 0x0 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Sitecom CN104
| 0x6189
| 0x2068
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Sitecom CN116 
| 0x6189
| 0x2068
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Some Cut Ma620 
| 0x0df7
| 0x0620
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Speed Dragon Multimedia MS3303H 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Syntech 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tripp 
| 0x2478
| 0x2008
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Airlink101 AC-USBS
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Belkin F5U103v
| 0x067B  
| 0x2303 
| 0x0
| {{no|no driver }}
|- 
| Dynamode U232-P9
| 0x067B
| 0x2303
| 300
| {{no| no driver [http://koti.mbnet.fi/lonnberg/pl2303x.html linux patch] and using lsusb -v -d 067b:2303 gave bMaxPacketSize as 64 - pl2303x }}
|- 
| Konig CABLE-146/2 USB to RS232 
| 0x067b
| 0x2303
| 400
| {{no|no driver }}
|-
| MANHATTAN 205146 USB to Serial Converter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver }}
|- 
| Sabrent SBT-USC1M
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trendnet TU-59
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Unbranded black case and lead USB 232 Converter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x067B
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2303
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0300
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
|}


[http://www.ftdichip.com/index.html Future Technology Devices International Ltd FTDI]-FT232R.class [https://ftdichip.com/software-examples/code-examples/c-builder/ FTProg src], [http://rtr.ca/ft232r/ ft232r src], [https://ftdichip.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/DS_FT232R.pdf FT232R datasheet], [], 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0403
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x6001 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1GE-gKgHxZI beware of cheap clones fake with s/n A50285BI SN]
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lynx Astro FTDI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0403
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} FT232R 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sabrent CB-FTDI
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0403
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{no|no driver TTL-232R cables use FTDI's [http://n1mm.hamdocs.com/tiki-index.php?page=USB+Interface+Devices FT232RQ ic device] }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Startech.com 1 Port FTDI USB to Serial RS232 DB9M Adapter Cable with COM Retention ICUSB2321F 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0403
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} FT232RL Chipset
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech.com 2 Port FTDI USB to Serial RS232 Adapter Cable ICUSB2322F
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0403
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} FTDI FT2232D Chipset
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} FT232RL is the SSOP-28 and the FT232RQ is the QFN-32 package option 
|}


[https://www.onetransistor.eu/2017/08/ch341a-mini-programmer-schematic.html ch341a.class] 

*I2C EEPROMS (3.3V and 5V) compatible and also SPI FLASH memories (3.3V devices) making sure 1.8V is covered  
*each having their own [https://winraid.level1techs.com/t/guide-how-to-use-a-ch341a-spi-programmer-flasher-with-pictures/33041 4x2 connection blocks] using [https://github.com/flashrom/flashrom flashrom] 

 sudo flashrom --programmer ch341a_spi -r backup.bin
 sudo flashrom --programmer ch341a_spi -w &lt;new bios name&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Jiangsu QinHeng Ltd CH341A emulate UART communication, standard parallel port, memory parallel port and synchronous serial (I2C, SPI) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1A86
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x5512
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;QinHeng USB2.0-Serial HL-340 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1A86
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7523
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0252
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|}


==simplemidi.class and CAMD==

Currently support includes 

* simplemidi.class SimpleMidi maps some keyboard keys to corresponding computer keys as used by music trackers to emulate a musical keyboard 
* camdusbmidi.class follows the rules of the m68k implementation of Commodore's CAMD midi specification and usb class compliant 

for 

* usb host like a computer, pi, etc 
* usb device controllers - keyboards, drum machines, djay turntables, grooveboxes, etc 
* interfaces - cables or boxes which convert usb to 5pin DIN plug midi 


What is needed is a fully class-compliant '''brand name''' USB MIDI keyboard, especially manufactured in the last 15 years are best 

*Arturia
*Novation
*M-Audio
*Akai

Plugging this in one of your USB ports, the camd.library will make the keyboard's MIDI IN/OUT ports available in the system. 

Then select the keyboard's MIDI IN port (known as a &quot;cluster&quot; in CAMD) for input, and the software instrument's cluster as output 


ShowCluster (shows midi ports available in and out)

MidiWatch (usually port usbmidi.in.0 less often usbmidi.out.0) (Ctrl-C to end output stream) 
 usbmidi.in.0 Message on channel 01, NoteOn  90  39  08  00
 usbmidi.in.0 Message on channel 01, NoteOff 80  39  00  00

MidiThru (forwards messages from one port to another)
 run &gt;nil: c:midithru usbmidi.out.0 usbmidi.out.2 

MidiSendC (sends a middle C to a specific port)


Midi Controller + Sound Module (together aka as a synth) -&gt; Audio Output 


The difference between midi and midi over USB is that in old school Midi the transmitter transmits whenever it wants and the receiver always has to be prepared to receive data. Easy to do at the rate of a 1990's modem speed these days.

USB over midi.. turns midi into a polled protocol.. So the USB host (typically the computer) has to ask &quot;do you have anything for me&quot; before the remote will send. If the USB host gets busy doing other things or there is a lot of things on the USB bus to get polled, you can get delays.

For its age midi is still a great protocol for music

* [https://www.usb.org/sites/default/files/midi10.pdf USBIF's &quot;USB Device Class Definition for MIDI Devices&quot; document, version 1.0 from Nov 1, 1999]
* [https://www.usb.org/sites/default/files/USB%20MIDI%20v2_0.pdf MIDI v2.0 from 2020 which AROS still needs, adds support for MIDI 2.0, MIDI-CI, and Universal MIDI Packet] 

Nearly all synthesizers now use the 16 MIDI channels available on a MIDI bus in one instrument alone, requiring multiple MIDI busses in a typical setup with more than
one MIDI instrument. In addition, by handling multiple &quot;virtual&quot; cables, USB offers a solution to go beyond MIDI's 16-channel limit. 

MIDI data is transferred over USB using 32-bit USB-MIDI Event Packets. These packets provide an efficient method to transfer multiple MIDI streams with fixed length messages. The 32-bit USB-MIDI Event Packet allows multiple &quot;virtual MIDI cables&quot; routed over the same USB endpoint. This approach minimizes the number of required endpoints. It also makes parsing MIDI events easier by packetizing the separate bytes of a MIDI event into one parsed USB-MIDI event. 


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;25%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |CAMD
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Computer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|which acts as USB midi host to get all usb devices talking together}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hobbytronics usb host standalone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;bomebox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://neuma.studio/rpi-as-midi-host/ raspberry pi] with several midi interface(s) and linux scripting 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kenton MIDI USB Host mk3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;25%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |CAMD
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acorn Instruments Masterkey 49 device 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 untested usb powered 5V regulated - similar keybed to keystation 49es but unplug then re-plug the USB cable while it is powered the device might reconnect 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai SynthStation 25 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 - sticky rubber keys - usb 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai MPK Mini Laptop Production Keyboard 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x09e8
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x007c
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected and camd usb to use, not tested with apps}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 25 mini key self powered by mini USB lead - sustain port - no top left corner joystick - tested icaros 2.3 -  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai LPK25 LPK37 LPK49 Laptop Production Keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 untested velocity sensitive mini keys with synth action - weak mini USB port - latency issues -  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Professional APC Key 25 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai MPK49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 untested 49 key 49-key full-sized, semi-weighted keyboard with aftertouch - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AKAI Max25 MAX49 control keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Professional MPK249 MPK261 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 USB2 USB-b - full keys semi-weighted aftertouch - midi in out - sustain and peddle port 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Professional Advance 49
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai MPK Mini MKII MK2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 untested USB2 USB-b midi connection only - 4 way thumb joystick top left - 25 tiny keys - velocity drum pads - plastic build quality - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AKAI Professional APC Key 25 MK2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai MPK Mini Play
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 untested USB2 USB-b midi connection only - synth basic samples - class compliant? - small led display top centre - 25 mini keys - press and hold the &quot;Prog Select&quot; button then use the &quot;Program&quot; knob to assign a MIDI channel - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai MPK Mini 3 MKIII MK3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x09E8
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1049 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected audio class and bindings with camdusbmidi.class -  - midi in out untested - }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 USB2 USB-b midi controller connection no 5pin legacy - small led display top centre - 25 mini keys goofy uneven feel of the akai keyboards - press and hold the &quot;Prog Select&quot; button and press pad 1 to 8 to assign a MIDI channel - tested on AROS One 2.4 usb
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Force / MPC One 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Pro MPK Mini Plus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 untested 37 mini keys - class compliant device - usb-b bus powered only with 5pin midi in and out - Shift and Global for Midi Ch - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Pro Ableton Push Mk 1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Professional MPC Key 37 49 61 midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 untested USB2 usb-b
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Photon PH-25 X25 Midi &amp; USB keyboard/synth
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 midi keyboard controller  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Q25 Q49 Q61 Q88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Coda Pro Portable 88-Key Digital Piano USB MIDI Keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis V25 V49 V61 midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis V Mini 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis VI49 VI61 midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis VX49 VX61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 1 5-pin MIDI input, 1 5-pin MIDI output, 1 USB port,
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Q25 Q49 Q61 Mk2 MKII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Recital 88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis V25 V49 V61 MK2 MKII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Qmini portable 32-key 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;audiothingies MicroMonsta 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 untested synth - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;audiothingies MicroMonsta 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019  synth - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia Analog Experience “The Player” USB MIDI Master Keyboard Model APE25
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 usb-b bus powered - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniLab Mk1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe class complaint 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniLab MkII Mk2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe class complaint 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia Keystep 32 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 untested 32 mini keys  usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia KeyLab 61 88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 untested hammer-action Fatar keybed - reset Press and hold Oct + and Oct – buttons then insert the USB cable - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniLab mkII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2209 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected audio class and bindings with camdusbmidi.class -  - midi in out untested - }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 USB2 usb-b bus power - metal base heavier than most - Shift and press a key to select the MIDI Channel - To reset to original factory, unplug the USB cable, hold down the Oct- and Oct + buttons, plug the USB cable back in and continue to hold the buttons until the pads turn white - need software to change parameters like velocity sensitive assistance - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia KeyLab MK2 MKII 61 88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 untested hammer-action Fatar keybed 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MicroFreak
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 hybrid digital/analog synthesis, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PeYIAfn3UMs Arturia Minilab 3] [https://www.youtube.com/shorts/chj1WgMupGw ] [https://www.youtube.com/shorts/FMVdfhzg1Dw ]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 untested usb-c bus powered - 25 mini keys semi - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia Keystep Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniLab 3 Mk3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe class complaint 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniFreak
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia KeyLab Essential 49 61 88 mk3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 untested usb-c and 1 midi out - lack of aftertouch - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia AstroLab 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia KeyLab MK3 MKIII 61 88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 untested hammer-action Fatar keybed 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer UMX61
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-Control UMX490 UMX610 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-Control 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Swing 32-Key
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer MOTOR 49 - 49-Key USB/MIDI Master Controller Keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative EMU Xboard 25 E-MU X-Board 49 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CME M-Key Mkey 49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 stops sending MIDI on a regular basis. The simplest &quot;fix&quot; is to flip it off and on via the power switch at the back
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CME Ukey U-Key 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CME Xkey 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 low-profile aluminium  full size pressure sensitive with polyphonic aftertouch but keys make too much noise and that they can be too sensitive to velocity - low power draw 25ma 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CME M-Key 49 V2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 simplified version of the U-key Mobiltone 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CME XKEY AIR 37
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;cme xkey 37 le
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{ | }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Donner Spaceline DMK-25 Donnerdeal Rantion 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Donner DMK25 PRO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  25 mini velocity keys with limited aftertouch - usb-c powered - 8 drum pads - 3.5mm &quot;midi out&quot; socket - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{ | }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elektron Digitakt 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 expensive later midi usb class compliant with since 1.5 Update
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elecktron Digitone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elektron Digitone Keys 37-key Digital FM Synthesizer
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 expensive 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elektron Analog Four MKII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elektron Octatrak MKII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{ | }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI keycontrol 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI keycontrol 49+ 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI keycontrol 25xt
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2702 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2702
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected and usb driver working}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 bus powered or 12v 0.5a dc in - metal base so heavy - midi out 5pin - sustain pedal port - modulation slider - rubber coated knobs becomes sticky - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI keycontrol 49xt 61xt 88xt 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2702
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 12v 0.5a center pin +ve external psu required - USB i/o and 1 legacy 5pin out - full sized keys - heavy aluminium case keyboard metal base - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Evolution MK-125 MK-149
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 9v 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Evolution MK-225C MK-249C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 9v 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Evolution USB/Midi Controller MK-425C MK-449C MK-461C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|25, 49, 61 keys -  }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006  9V or 12V - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IK Multimedia iRig Keys Pro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 37 full keys 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IK Multimedia iRig Keys Pro Mobile
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 25 or 37 mini keys 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IK Multimedia iRig Keys 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 mini velocity keys no aftertouch - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IK Multimedia iRig Keys 2 PRO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 full velocity keys no aftertouch - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IK Multimedia iRig Keys 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kawai VPC 1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; weighted keys - heavy build - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keith McMillen Instruments K-Board
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; omni class compliant to all channels? each keypad makes them velocity, pressure, and location sensitive but  not really suited for piano playing 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keith McMillen  BopPad
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; omni class compliant to all channels? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg NanoKontrol 1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;mini usb
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg Prophecy 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;KORG microKONTROL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg microKEY 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 velocity-sensitive Natural Touch keys but  joystick is an alternative to the common pitch/modulation wheel design - power draw - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg nanoKey nanoPad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg Taktile 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg microKEY2 25 37 49 61 USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|2015 untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 USB powered - semi weighted - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg MiniList 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg MinKey nanoPad nanoPad 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg Nautilus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kurzweil PC3 7 series - Artis 7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;fatar TP-8 semi-weighted action  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kurzweil PC1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kurzweil PC3 A8
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Line 6 Mobile keys 25
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Line 6 POD Studio KB37 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Line 6 Tone Port KB37 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Midiman (later M-Audio) Oxygen8 Ozone Ozonic 25 32 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no|not class compliant - untested 5pin legacy }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 2004 - 25 full keys - slider/fader to left of lcd display - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;m-audio oxygen keystation (61 key) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio eKeys 37 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Axiom 25, 49, 61
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 bus powered and 12v psu - if sliders/faders are on right - legacy midi 5pin - chunky unit -
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Oxygen 8v2, 49, 61 (silver) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 full size velocity sensitive 12v psu - sending random pitchbend info - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Keystation 37e 49e, 61e MK1 MKI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 - ok key action - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Keystation 37es 49se 61es, 88es MK1 MKI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Oxygen 25/49/61/88 (blue) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 [https://m-audio.com/products/view/oxygen-25-legacy advised Class-compliant and GM/GM2/XG SysEx messages] with full size velocity sensitive 12v psu - sending random pitchbend info - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Axiom 25, 49, 61 (2nd Gen) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 semi-weighted mini keys - bus powered and 9v psu for 25/49 and 12v for 61 - if sliders/faders are on left - legacy midi 5pin - chunky unit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Axiom Pro 25, 49, 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 poor construction 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MAudio Axiom AIR 25 M-Audio Axiom Air Mini 32
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Oxygen 25 III (3rd Gen) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 untested - usb only - rubber keys sticky - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MAudio Keyrig 49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Keystation Mini 32 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 - mini usb - plays a few notes and then stops responding randomly - try plugging it into port 1 or 2 on your pc - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Keystation 49 MK2 II
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 USB port and class compliant
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Keystation 61 MK3 MKIII MIDI keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 usb compliant untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Oxygen 25 IV
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016  choice 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio CTRL-49
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio ProKeys 88, 88sx 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Keystation Mini 32 MK3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 mini usb - some power or incompatibility issue with the native USB ports of the laptop, plugged in a passive USB 2.0 HUB (not USB 3.0, not powered)
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3328SvuJsLw M-Audio Oxygen25 MKV]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0763
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0001
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0023
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected audio class and bindings with camdusbmidi.class  - midi in out untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 25 full size semi keys - USB2 usb-b but no 5pin classic plugs - channel select SHIFT button and CHANNEL on keybed - plastic build - holding down both the Octave + and - for factory reset -  more limited in what you can do with it than IV 4th one - tested on AROS One 2.4 usb
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Oxygen Pro 25 49 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 untested semi full keys 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Oxygen Pro Mini 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 untested - 32 smaller keys - not endless encoders - usb only - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Hammer 88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Moog 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Moog Minitaur 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-VAVE SMK-25mini 25key MIDI Control Keyboard Y6I0 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments NI Primus A25 JamMate 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 not compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Maschine MK1 MKI
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 not compliant uses snd-usb-caiaq module, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Komplete Kontrol S88 S61 S49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 - weighted keys - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Maschine MK2 MKII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Maschine Micro Mikro MK2 MKII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NI Komplete Kontrol S49 S61 S88 MkII MK2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 all MK2 MK3 power up the keyboard using USB, it will set the keyboards MIDI port to computer MIDI only without any option to set it to use the MIDI DIN, meaning you cannot connect the keyboard to hardware and power from USB, you MUST power with the power adapter and physically unplug from any USB connection - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Komplete Kontrol A25 A49 A61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 maybe compliant,  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/sikorak666/maschine-mikro-mk3-driver Native Instruments Maschine Micro Mikro Plus MK3 MKIII]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Komplete Kontrol M32 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 untested 32 smaller keys - no drum pads - USB only - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NI Komplete Kontrol S49 S61 S88 MkIII MK3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Neusonik iBoard 4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar Impact LX25+ LX49+ LX61+ LX88+ SE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 budget full-size velocity-sensitive synth-action keyboard - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar Impact GX49
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; USB port - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar Panorama P4 P6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  USB &amp; USB Micro B, 5-pin MIDI out, 2 x TRS inputs with 49 semi-weighted, velocity sensitive with aftertouch
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar SE25 SE49
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; mini keys - micro usb bus powered - velocity and sustain button 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar Panorama P6 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar Panorama T6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nord Stage 3 midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; sysex 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation ReMote 25 49 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 lhs XY touchpad and the joystick -
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation LaunchKey 25 49 61 88 Mk1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 not USB class compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation 49 61 SL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 semi-weighted Fatar TP-8 or TP-9 keybed
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation ReMote 25SL 49SL 61SL soft label 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 - two long top liquid-crystal display LCD strips - XY touchpad and the joystick - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation ReMOTE 25LE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0004
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0001
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected, usb driver in devs/midi for camd to use}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 USB-b powered, 9v center pin positive or 6 MN1500 AA batteries - X/Y touchpad and the combined pitch and modulation joystick - no aftertouch but can use both the legacy MIDI OUT and USB port simultaneously 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation Nocturn 49 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Unk| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 untested sending random pitchbend info
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation 49 61 SL MkII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 semi-weighted Fatar TP-8 or TP-9 keybed 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation MiniNova 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation Impulse 25 49 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 velocity aftertouch‑sensitive semi-weighted keyboards and eight backlit pads -  USB, 5-pin MIDI out - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation Circuit Tracks / Rhythm 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation LaunchKey 25 49 61 88 MK2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 USB class compliant - full keys - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation Launchpad Mini MK2 MKII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 untested 8x8 buttons with 16 backlit
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation LaunchKey Mini MK2 MKII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 untested - 25 soft mini keys - 2 rotary wheels lhs - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation LaunchKey 25 37 49 61 88 MK3 MKIII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 USB class compliant choice - full keys - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation LaunchKey Mini MK3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 untested - 25 soft mini keys - 2 sliders lhs -  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation 61SL Mk3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nymphes Dreadbox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 6 voice analog synth
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Oberheim MC 2000 EX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 88 keys fully weighted - very heavy - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PreSonus ATOM SQ Hybrid MIDI Keyboard/Pad
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://polyend.com/tracker/ Polyend Tracker]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland ED PC-300
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 USB MIDI keyboard controller 49-key
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland EDIROL PCR-M30 PCR-M50 PCR-M80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol PCR-30 PCR-50 PCR-80
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 untested 32 key - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland PC-50 PC-80
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland PCR-500 PCR-800
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 61 velocity-sensitive keys with aftertouch 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland A-88 a-49
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 USB port - weighted keys velocity no aftertouch - class compliant with press FUNCTION so it is lit. Press the key labelled &quot;ADV.&quot;, Press the &quot;+&quot; button so it is lit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland PC-200 mkII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 some had fatar keys 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland MC-707 Groovebox
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland MC-101 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland A-500 A500Pro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland A-300 A300Pro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland JUNO DS, FA, Fantom, JUPITER X / Xm 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 (be sure that USB driver is set to &quot;Generic&quot; - requires device rebooting) 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland A-88 a-49 MKii MK2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 expensive with USB-c port - hammer-action keyboard weighted keys - Class-compliant if  USB-C enables bus power - MIDI 2.0 later - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ROLI Seaboard RISE 25 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson Graphite 49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson Carbon 49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sequential TAKE 5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic VMK-161 and VMK-161 Plus Organ version 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;TP-8O action is the unweighted, organ-style waterfall keybed - usb midi in out - 9v psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic SL990XP midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic VMK176 Plus
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;USB and midi connectivity
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic SL880 midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic SL73 SL88 Studio midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; hammer-action Fatar TP semi-weighted keys 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic Numa Organ 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 73 key TP-8O action is the unweighted, organ-style waterfall keybed used in nearly all clonewheels 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic Numacompact 2/2x, Numa X Piano
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SubZero CommandKey49 CommandKey25 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SubZero SZ-MiniCommand Mini-Command USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SubZero SPC61 MIDI Controller
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; bus powered - 5 octave 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SubZero ControlKey49S 49 Key Slim MIDI Controller Keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Synido TempoKey K25
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 25 mini keys - usb-c powered 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Winterbloom Sol 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Worlde Panda 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha KX8 KX49 KX61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 not compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha CMC-PD
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 not class compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha P45B P-45 Digital Piano 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 not compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha P-115 midi controller  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 untested weighted keys - USB midi port 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha MX49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 should compliant untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha Montage, CP73/88, YC, MODX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha PSR-E353, PSR-E443
PSR-S670, PSR-S770, PSR-S970, PSR-A3000, TYROS-5
NP-12, NP-32
DGX-650, DGX-660
P-105, P-115, P-255
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha MX49 II V2 Black Blue 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  midi keyboard controller 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DJM V10
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; dj 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Kontrol DJ Pro midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; detected but untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Numark Mixtrack Pro II USB DJ Controller Djay 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;older generation pioneer DDJ-SX2 dj 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |CAMD
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alyseum AL-22 AL22c  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alyseum AL-88 Schneidersladen AL88c 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alyseum U3-88c Midi Interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; no CopperLan support Midi network using a UTP Ethernet patch cable) 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer BCF2000 midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.behringer.com/EN/home.aspx Behringer] BCR2000 1in 2out
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer B-CONTROL DEEJAY BCD3000 DJ Mixer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer UMD404 UMD202 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative EMU 0404/USB midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DigiDesign / Focusrite Command 8 Control Surface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 supports MIDI continuous controller (CC) and note data. SysEx dumping and loading is also supported  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Digidesign Digi 002
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006   firewire only 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Digidesign Digi 003
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009   firewire only 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;emagic m4 2x4 AMT8 Unitor 8 Mk2  8x8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x00d0
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x010 0x0103
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 offers MTS (Midi Time Stamping) - 12v 2a psu centre pos - usb mini with rs232 and rs422 serial ports - 16 channels (8-in / 8-out), this rack-mountable unit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Evolution U-Control UC-16 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| detected}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Saffire 6 USB 1.1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Guillemot Maxi Studio ISIS Vintage Sound Card MIDI Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1998 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.ucapps.de/mbhp_usb.html MidiBox] Hardware Platform USB Module
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2001 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie Control Universal Pro XT with One Two Extenders 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 not compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Audiophile USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 not compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Midisport UNO old version 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 not compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio MidiMan 1x1 midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004  [http://sourceforge.net/projects/linux-hotplug/ firmware update]
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Midisport 2x2 yellowy green blue, green or silver chassis plastic box 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|MIDISPORT 2x2 or 4x4 interfaces from previous production series (blue, green or silver chassis) are not class-compliant}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MAudio Audiosport Quattro USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 not usb compliant as [http://usb-midi-fw.sourceforge.net/ firmware required and that is buggy], 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio UC-33
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 not compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Midisport 1x1 2x2 4x4 Anniversary Edition, black box 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 maybe class compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mooer Steep II Multi-Platform USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.amiga.org/forums/showthread.php?t=52920 Mark of the Unicorn Motu Fastlane] 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|[http://www.amiga.org/forums/showpost.php?p=560852&amp;postcount=8 not working on OS4]}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; not class compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Motu Micro Lite 1x1 and MOTU microlite 5x5 USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; good unit but poor just plug in support and not class compliant - USB2 usb-b - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Motu MIDI Express 128 8x8
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;poor support serial port only - offers MTS (Midi Time Stamping) A serial port based MIDI interface or a USB interface without MTS will have a MIDI slop of up to 2ms on record and playback. MTS provides accuracy for record and playback to around .3ms - five times more accurate than serial or non-MTS.&quot; 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU.com MIDI Express XT 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 for many USB should have octocoupled connection to reduce groundloop humm, usually the timing is off 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU MIDI Timepiece AV 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; not class compliant is one of the best multi-port MIDI interfaces ever made as USB model connects to the computer as an 8x16 interface
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments GmbH Audio 8 DJ, 4 DJ, 2 DJ
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17CC
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no|needs dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 not class compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Qcon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|did not match to camdusbmidi.class USB audio midi with onboard DSP}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1998 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Corp Edirol UM-2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0005
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no|is not bound via camdusbmidi.class }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1999 not bound to any midi class - 2x2 - tested Aros One USb 2.4 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-100G 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|detected but not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1999 USB audio midi with onboard DSP 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-880 8x8 midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|detected but not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 under poseidon but could work with run &gt;nil: c:midithru out.0 &quot;EDIROL UM-880.out.2&quot;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-1 blue plastic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Unk| bound??? via camdusbmidi.class - untested midi in out}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 UM-1 -  1-in/1-out (16 channels) 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-1S
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 1-in/1-out (16 channels)
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-2E
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM550
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2001 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-1X midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|do not have the Advanced Driver Switch on them}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2001 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-1SX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0052
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|do not have the Advanced Driver Switch on them}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol Cakewalk UM-2C - 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol Cakewalk UM-1G 1x1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol Cakewalk UM-2G 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/spotify/linux/blob/master/sound/usb/usbquirks.h Roland Edirol UA20 UA-20] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland UM-1EX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-2EX 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005  adds a second MIDI OUT
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Cakewalk UM-3G - 3x3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Cakewalk ua-25excw 1x1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|detected but not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 not class compliant mode 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://alsa.opensrc.org/Edirol_UA-25EX Roland Edirol UA55 UA-55 Cakewalk UA25 EX] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|detected but not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sonuus B2M Bass MIDI Interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sonuus G2M
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg CMC Series 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Subzero SZ-MB44 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Swisssonic MIDI1x1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 AmigaOS there is no output at midichannel one and two but if play a midi file there is only output on some channels and if pressed stop the prog freezes or the whole system crashes
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam US-428 US-422 midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 2000 not compatible 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam [http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.tascam.com/Products/US-224.html US-224]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1604
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8004
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 2002 does not bind to any class
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Corp Tascam US-1x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam US-122 MKII midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8021
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|not detected / binding to camdusbmidi.class on AROS 2.4 usb }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 detected but not working 2-in/2-out USB two XLR microphone preamps with phantom power for condenser microphones 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam US-200 US-400 US-600 US-800 US-1200 US-1800 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 may not be totally usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha UX-16
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai EIE and Pro version midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 dc 6v power - 3 USB hubs, midi in out , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis I/O2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 powered USB hub required, not compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis IO2 Express 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 usb compliant?
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis IO4 Express 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer XTouch 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; psu needed 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer X-Touch Compact
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe usb compliant?
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer X-Touch Mini
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe usb compliant?,  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-Phoria UMD404HD UMD202HD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe class compliant - volume low, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CME U2 MIDI Pro 1x1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; current model 
|-
| Creative EMU XMIDI 1X1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 early versions with sysex checksum errors 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative E-MU Xmidi 1x1 Tab (V3) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 tab version class compliant but report that when transferring 'System Exclusive' messages (SysEx) the unit could not handle the highest data rate leading to data corruption 
|-
| Creative EMU XMIDI 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 sysex errors 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Digidesign Mbox 2 Mini now Avid 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 USB powered but not compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Digidesign Mbox II Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 USB powered but not compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Engl Z7 MIDI Interface (E660/E610/E360/E930)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; guitar?
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elektron TurboMidi TM-1 1in 1out
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiTerminal M4U 4x4 midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;supposedly class compliant - USB bus powered - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiTerminal M8U 8x8
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiTerminal M4U XL 4x4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; ploytec chipset 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiTerminal M8U XL 8x8
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; no hardware routing e.g. x on input 5 to synth y on output 7 - ploytec chipset 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiMate 1x1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; supposedly class compliant - USB bus powered 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiMate II 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI ROM I/O
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 romio version 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI M4U XT
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2573
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0002
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe|is bound via camdusbmidi.class AROS One 2.4  - untested midi in out}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI M8U XT 8in 8out
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 discontinued 2018 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI M8UEX USB3.0
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 current model 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI M4U eX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 current model 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiMate eX midi interface 1x1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 current model, well liked and might class compliant?? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;icon midiport 2x2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iCON CubeMi 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; class compliant? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iConnectivity 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iConnectivity mio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 class compliant but reported issues with sending System Exclusive (SysEx) MIDI messages and MIDI signals getting cut off 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; iConnectMidi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iCM2 iCM4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iConnectivity iConnectMIDI4+ L
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 class compliant?? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iConnectivity MioXL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IK Multimedia iRig MIDI 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; class compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iRig Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kenton 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kenton Electronics pro solo mk2 midi to cv converter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kenton Midi Thru-25 5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keytech MT18E 8 Way Midi Thru box 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 9 to 12v psu required 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MidiPlus Midi 2x2 midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MidiPlus Midi 4x4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; supposedly class compliant - USB bus powered 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MidiTech MIT-00151 Midiface 4x4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MidiTech Midiface 4x4 8x8 16x16 thru merge 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Miditech Midilink mini 1x1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Midisport UNO only if box is labeled Class Compliant and latest MIDISPORT 1x1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Fast Track Ultra (6 in 6 out) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 not usb compliant, - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Midiman Midisport 2x2 Anniversary Edition [https://gearspace.com/board/electronic-music-instruments-and-electronic-music-production/1133862-why-there-hardly-any-midi-interfaces.html not stable enough] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 USB2 usb-b - does not need firmware and supposedly plug and play - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Midisport 4x4 Anniversary Edition
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; rumored does not need firmware - supposedly plug and play -  issues with its firmware for some and lacks configurable routing
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Maudio Fast Track Ultra 8R 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Komplete Audio 6 Mk1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe usb compliant but bus powered, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar Midiflex 4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 class compliant and usb-b powered - used as a 1 in / 3 out, 2 in / 2 out or 4 out 5pin sockets - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Neusonik IM-One 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Peavey Xport
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; guitars only 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland UM-ONE UM-1 mk2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 USB class compliant if switch to TAB for class compliant mode rather than the COMPUTER mode 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Squarp Hermid 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg Midex 8x8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; class compliant?  supporting MIDI Time Stamping protocol
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Swissonic MidiConnect 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tapco LiNK.midi USB 4x4 (Loud technologies) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Corp Tascam US-2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 2014 5v dc power, midi out in, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Corp Tascam US-4x4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam US-16x08 US-20x20
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom U-24
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  midi to 5pin interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  midi to 5pin interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Unbranded cable 
| 0x552d
| 0x4348
| F110 
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe|detected but no usb driver in devs/midi for camd to use}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;detected but not working the USB-MIDI conversion functionality of the cheapo USB MIDI &quot;cable&quot; interface is simply lacking, possibly being incapable of handling MIDI strings longer than 3 bytes long SysEx strings (e.g. SysEx dumps) - tested in Icaros 2.3 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB2.0-MIDI Unbranded cable with clear braided underneath leads 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1A86
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x752D 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0254 
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe|detected binding to camdusbmidi.class but untested midi in / out}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;untested but better to get a branded version - tested AROS One 2.4 usb
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;LogiLink USB to Midi In-Out 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;untested cheap cable version but issues with latency on other systems 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; gm5 USB midi chip  DIY option only
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Doremidi LEKATO MIDI USB C Interface 1x1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thomann Midi USB 1x1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;   Prodipe made 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Prodipe MIDI 1i/1o 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


Classic 5pin DIN controllers for above interfaces 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |CAMD
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai s5000 s6000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  midi digital samplers 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai AX80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Casio CZ-5000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Casio CZ-3000 CZ-1000 CZ-101 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cheetah MS6 midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 multi-timbral, six-voice (twelve-oscillator), analogue synthesiser module is loaded with CEM 3396s 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ensoniq ESQ1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Integra 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg Wavestation Ex A/D SR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1986 ex has piano and drum sounds 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg DW-8000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg DW-6000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg Poly 800 MK1 Poly-800ii 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  all plastic and can run on batteries - 49 keys non-velocity dco synt analogue filter 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland D-50
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|1987 untested greater concern would be moisture and wear}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland A50 (76) A80 (88) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|1989 untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ROLAND JUNO-D
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Juno 106 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;80s kx73 or kx88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland ED PC-160A PC-180A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} legacy DIN5 MIDI port only - 6 AA batteries or 9v psu - One regular source of failure for me were emty batteries (even with red control light still active). Another source was a bad MIDI cable - unplug then re-plug the USB cable while it is powered the device might reconnect 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland M1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland S-550 S-760 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; digital samplers kontakt replaced these? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha DX7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1983 12bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha DX7S DX72IID DX7IIFD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1987 16bit versions 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


The MIDI standard was published in August 1983. The inventors, Kakehashi and Smith finally received a Technical Grammy Award in 2013 for their work. 

The MIDI files that contained just the note data, velocity and timing meant you could transfer an entire studio session from one place to another on one floppy disk and it could control all the synths and drum samplers. Pass-thru meant that one computer could run an entire bands worth of instruments. 

It's bulletproof too. MIDI never goes wrong, it's always a bug in software that causes any issue - you can absolutely rely on it to go gigging with, take your synths, controllers and computers and not crash an entire gig at your 100,000 person venue. 

The MIDI hardware specification is very simple (voltage, polarity, screening, protection and a fast enough opto-isolator), it assumes that the data it sends and receives between MIDI devices is to the MIDI data standard and just passes it on. The microprocessor in the hardware does all the work.

The minimum for a computer/MIDI interface is that it meets the MIDI hardware specification. It is attached to the computer bus and handles the electrical conversions required. To meet the MIDI hardware specification, to be class compliant as a USB device all it has to do is report itself properly when plugged in.

The other half of the equation is the MIDI data standard, and for a computer MIDI interface the main issue is the speed of data transmission. The bus speed of the computer is faster than the speed of the MIDI standard so it can generate and send MIDI data faster than a MIDI device can receive it. The MIDI standards have nothing to say on that bottleneck at all. MIDI was designed to be very simple and very open, it just defines a standard for the messages and leaves it up to manufacturers to implement them in the way they want. That's what makes it so powerful a tool, and also what makes it so confusing and frustrating at times.

For midi, the hardware/software combination at various connection points handles the translation to/from midi (or other protocols). Drivers would be needed for midi, including clock and SysEx signal (actually claiming to handle ALL midi quirks transparently

All the important MIDI data types can be sent (CC, NRPN, RPN, MMC, Note On/Off, program change)

There is no official way to solve the data bottleneck. Early software sequencers and librarians tried to solve it by having an option to buffer SYSEX data in software and transmit it at the MIDI data rate. The downside is that hogs the bus and can hit computer performance. Interface manufacturers would add a hardware buffer which would take all the MIDI data from the PC bus and feed it into the MIDI at the slower data rate, but that added cost and created timing issues.

Things have moved on since then, but the principles remain the same. You can buffer in the hardware or in software, whether that is in the application or the interface driver. SYSEX will work perfectly well with that budget cable if your software handles the buffering. And while the cables with hardware buffers make SYSEX easier, they still have potential problems because of the limitations of the MIDI data rate. Your MIDI clock doesn't like being interrupted with a big program dump 

The serial / parallel ports were a direct connection, so faster. Now, everything in the computer is virtual and the only thing connected to the hardware is the kernel, hence everything is by default bottlenecked and jittery, regardless of which connection. So by the time the interface gets the information it's already too late. 

Ethernet network cable to transport MIDI over large distances, connect 2 MIDI In and 2 MIDI Out ports to patch, remap, filter and merge MIDI flows on a fine channel basis for tight MIDI throughput, latency and jitter 

Possibilities for DAWs of the future including a kind of sync reference for timing reference which an interface could sync to, hence all the timings then would be locked between the grid on the DAW screen and the MIDI info. 

Preemptible, low latency and accuracy are essential for good communication.  

One of the first things you need to do, is make sure your MIDI software sets the interface to the same MIDI channel as your keyboard (usually 1) 


Do you want to send just your master keyboard to other synths or to be able to use any keyboard with any synth?

1st option is relatively simple. Just need to send midi from your master keyboard into a midi splitter that redistributes the signal onto your synths. Each synth will be set up to receive midi on a specific channel so the only challenge is to find a way to select to which channel you are sending midi. Some master keyboards can do that although not many that have a dedicated knob or switch on the panel and most require a bit of menu diving. Could use a midi box that offers channel selection but usually this is not very workflow friendly. The software route would require using the mouse. 

2nd option is a bit more complex but superior workflow by sending midi messages into a merge box, from there into a hardware sequencer that allows to select midi channel, then on to a midi interface that distributes the signal to the synths. 

Master keyboard MIDI-in to computer. External hardware sampler MIDI-out from computer. Audio-out from sampler to audio-in on computer/device. 


Blue Ribbon Soundworks Bars &amp; Pipes Professional (1993/4) 

GM (1984), GS (1987), XG level 1-3 (1994-1997), GM level 2 (1999) 	

GM GM1 imposes several requirements beyond the MIDI 1.0 specification. While MIDI 1.0 by itself provides a communication protocol which ensures that different instruments can interoperate at a fundamental level e.g sound modules. GM goes further in two ways. First, GM requires that all compliant MIDI instruments meet a certain minimal set of features, such as being able to play at least 24 notes simultaneously (polyphony). Second, GM attaches specific interpretations to many parameters and control messages which were left unspecified in the MIDI 1.0 specification. A minimum of 128 MIDI Program Numbers (conforming to the GM 1 Instrument Patch Map) and 47 percussion sounds (conforming to the GM 1 Percussion Key Map). Support for controller number 1, 7, 10, 11, 64, 100, 101, 121 and 123; support for channel pressure and pitch bend controllers. 

General MIDI Level 2 or GM2 is a specification for synthesizers which defines several requirements beyond the MIDI standard and is based on General MIDI (GM) and Roland GS extensions. It was adopted in 1999 by the MIDI Manufacturers Association (MMA).

* Number of Notes: 32 simultaneous notes
* MIDI Channels: 16
* Simultaneous Melodic Instruments – up to 16 (all Channels)
* Simultaneous Percussion Kits – up to 2 (Channel 10/11)

Program and bank change events
General MIDI 2 compatible synthesizers access all of the 256 instruments by setting cc#0 (Bank Select MSB) to 121 and using cc#32 (Bank Select LSB) to select the variation bank before a Program Change. Variation bank 0 contains the full GM (General MIDI 1) sound set. Variations using other bank numbers are new to General MIDI 2, and correspond to variation sounds introduced in Roland GS. 


[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CluuHrr7HG4 Major WWHWWWH, Minor WHWWHWW scale], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jjm7Ti-iwz0 Chords], 


==usb audio==

USB audio has recently made available for Aros, there are many standards introduced over the years. Much is still untested. 

*Introduced 2000 and from 2014 USB Audio 1 UAC1 16bit 44.1kHz
*Introduced 2006 and from 2014 USB Audio 2 [https://www.usb.org/document-library/usb-device-class-definition-audio-devices-release-20-errata-and-ecn-through-april UAC2] 24bit 192kHz
*Introduced 2016 and from 2024 USB Audio 3 [https://www.usb.org/documents UAC3] 32bit 384kHz 

USB group decided to rewrite the audio standard, so [https://os4depot.net/?function=showfile&amp;file=audio/record/usbaudio2.lha UAC2] and [https://archive.fosdem.org/2019/schedule/event/linux_and_usb_audio_class_3/attachments/slides/3345/export/events/attachments/linux_and_usb_audio_class_3/slides/3345/Linux_and_USB_Audio_Class_3___FOSDEM_2019.pdf UAC3]. They added clock selection and control, timing domains and others. Part of the changes included changing many of the descriptors that an audio device uses to describe itself to the machine. 

PsdErrorlog/PsdDevlister? The AHI driver generated only supports mono/stereo at any bit rates between 8 and 32 bit per sample, but not multichannel modes and only rates up to 65KHz (because AHI uses a 16-bit word for frequencies). If the soundcard does not offer such a PCM 8-32 bit mode at frequencies lower than 65 KHz, there's nothing much that can be done about it on the computer side other than revising and expanding the AHI standard. Most cheap USB soundcards do though. 

AHI does not support six channel playback. It only supports mono, stereo and multichannel (8 channels). Due to the multichannel mode not being used by any application so far, the usbaudio.class does not support multichannel playback, especially not &quot;upchannelling&quot; stereo to six or more channels. If this USB device does not support a two channel mode, you can't use it under AHI.

Untested but most likely to work, at least 2 mic inputs (low impedance) &amp; instruments (high impedance) and made in the last 10 years 
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gMuA-2FbJxE Entry level &lt;100Euro]   BOMGE U202, Behringer UMC, Presonus Studio, 
*[ Next tier &lt;200Euro]   Audient iD, Solid SSL2 and SSL2+, Lewitt, Focusrite Scarlett, Arturia MiniFuse, 
*[ Prosumer &lt;300Euro]   Focusrite Clarett+, 
*[ Professional &lt;500Euro]   RME Babyface, 
*[ Studio &gt;500Euros]    

Bands should need 4 or more mic inputs 

[http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?p=38364030 XDA Forum thread],

&lt;pre&gt;
                                            &lt;- Computer 
                                            &lt;- Mobile Phone / Tablet (OTG)
                                            &lt;- Digital Cameras 
                            &lt;- Video        &lt;- Webcams 

Base Computer &lt;-&gt; OBS like  &lt;- Audio Mixer  &lt;- Microphone(s) 

                            -&gt; Internet     -&gt; Youtube &amp; Chat 

&lt;/pre&gt;

USB AUDIO CARDS - UAC Compliant 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Description 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Playback
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Records 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Antelope Galaxy 64 Synergy Core
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; not compliant so does not wotk with Aros and a high-end 64-channel AD/DA converter HDX, Dante connectivity and a Thunderbolt Audio interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Antelope Galaxy 32 Synergy Core
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; not be compliant so does not wotk with Aros as Antelope Audio does not provide official drivers, control software, or an Antelope Launcher 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia Mini Fuse 1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 maybe usb compliant, okay pre amp 1 combi input, cirrus logic cs4272 ad converter, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniFuse 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 maybe usb compliant usb-c with usb2.0, okay pre amps with good dynamic range 110dB, cirrus logic cs4272 ad converter, two combi inputs for mic, line or guitar, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniFuse 4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, okay 110dB dynamic range, -129dB EIN, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia AudioFuse 16Rig 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 maybe usb compliant, good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audient iD44 mk1 mki 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 maybe usb compliant, good, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audient evo4 EVO8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audient iD4 mk2 mkII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audient id14 mk2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, good, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audient iD24 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 maybe usb compliant and usb-c bus powered, good, , 0-in/14-out audio interface with ADAT expandability, balanced inserts
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audient iD44 Mk2 Mkii 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, good, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-PHORIA UMC22 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1397
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe usb compliant, okay, midas pre-amps
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-PHORIA UMC202HD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1397
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe usb compliant, okay, midas pre-amps ein -129 dBu, 24bit ADC, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-PHORIA UMC404HD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1397
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe usb compliant, okay, midas pre-amps, 24bit adc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-PHORIA UMC204HD 192 Empower Tribe 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1397
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0508
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 maybe usb compliant, okay, midas pre-amps
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer UMC1820 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1397
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016, bus complaint?, okay midas pre amps, adc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-PHORIA UM2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1397
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 maybe usb compliant, poor zenyx pre-amps with high noise floor, plastic build no rf shielding, latency issues, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer x Air XR12 XR16 XR18
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 usb and network 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Saffire 6 USB 1.1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, , , midi, strictly NEC USB 2.0, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 8i6 Gen 1 MOSC0001 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe usb compliant, but 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 2i2 Gen 1 MOSC0003 
*TP1 - 3.3V, tested ok
*TP2 - U4 control signal, 3.3V present at all time.
*TP4 - Ground
*TP6 - 48V, tested ok
*TP7 - Ground
*TP8 - Ground
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 usually avoid early Gen 1, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://khronscave.blogspot.com/2021/08/75-focusrite-scarlett-2i4-1st-gen.html Focusrite Scarlet 2i4 Gen 1 (slide toggles) MOSC0004] 
*TP1 - 3.3V, tested 3.22v
*TP2 - U4 control signal, 3.3V present 
*TP4 - Ground
*TP6 - measure 47.72v 
* AKM 4384ET (VDD 5v)
* Cirrus Logic CS4272-CZZ (VA 4.94v/ VD 3.2v/ VL 3.2v)
* all four HC4066 (VCC 4.96v)
* XMOS XS1-L01A-TQ128-C5 (all VDD 1.08v/ all VVDIO 3.23v/ PPLAVDD 0.99v/ PCU-VDDIO 3.23v)
2i4S
*TP1 seems to be 0V
*TP2 should be 5V
*TP3 should be 
*TP6 should be 48V
*TP8 should be 3.3V
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe usb compliant, pre amps JRC NJM2122 and NJM4565, [https://statics.cirrus.com/pubs/proDatasheet/CS4272_F1.pdf CS4272 adc], [https://pdf.datasheet.live/e5e5fd1c/akm.com/AK4384.pdf AK4384 output pair], Xmos XS1-L8A-64-TQ128 processor and firmware in Winbond 25X40CL 4Mbit, an SMSC Microchip USB3343 interface and a Microchip PL611 clock generator - two Intersil / Renesas ISL97519A for the phantom power rail, two OnSemi NCP1521B for the 3.3V (digital) and 1V (Xmos core) rails - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite iTrack Solo USB Audio Interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 18i20 1st Gen MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant, , Cirrus CS4272, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://wiki.linuxaudio.org/wiki/current_audio_gear Focusrite ] Scarlett 4i4 Gen  MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, , Cirrus CS4272, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 6i6 Gen1 MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant, , , 12v psu, the headphone outs mirror the outs on the back panel, so that's six independent outs. 4 independent analog output paths, plus two over spdif, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://khronscave.blogspot.com/2019/03/38-focusrite-scarlett-18i8-gen1-teardown.html Focusrite Scarlett 18i8 1st Gen MOSC0008]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant, JRC NJM4565 provide most of the opamps, pair of JRC NJM2122's for inputs 1 and 2, [http://www.mouser.com/ds/2/76/cs4272_f1-43250.pdf Cirrus CS4272], 12v 1a +central psu to a pair of National Semiconductor LM2672 for 3.3V rail and the +6.9V rail, Xmos XS1–L16A–128 dual-row QFN package, firmware a Winbond 25X40C 4Mbit SPI Flash and an SMSC USB3343 interface chip, the two headphone outs are completely independent so 6 independent analog output paths, plus two over spdif, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Clarett+ 8Pre 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 great, expensive, maybe usb compliant?  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 2i2 Gen 2 (slide toggles) MOSC0006 
*TP6 should be 48V
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8202
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant, USB-b bus powered, good preamps ein equivalent input noise -128 dBu, 24-bit 192kHz CS4272 as well as an additional AKM AK4384ET for the second stereo output pair, 4 screws under bottom rubber,  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://khronscave.blogspot.com/2021/07/focusrite-scarlett-2i4-2nd-gen-teardown.html Focusrite Scarlett 2i4 Gen 2 (slide toggles) MOSC0014]
*TP6 should be 48V
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant, USB-b bus powered, good preamps NJM2122's, NJM4565's and CMOS switches (HEF4053 and HEF4066), CS4272 and a AKM AK4384ET, Xmos XU208-256-TQ64-C10 with firmware stored in a Macronix MX25L8006E 8Mbit flash memory, clocking by a Cirrus Logic CS2100, an MP1542 boost converter creates +6V and -6V rails, powering the opamps and the rest of the analog circuitry, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 6i6 Gen2 MOSC0016
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant, 12v psu, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett Solo 2nd Gen MOSC0019
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://khronscave.blogspot.com/2024/03/focusrite-scarlett-18i8-gen2-teardown.html Focusrite Scarlett 18i8 2nd Gen MOSC00]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant, 12v psu, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Red 16Line 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 may not be compliant as Focusrite provides no drivers - 64-in/64-out Pro Tools - dual Thunderbolt 3 audio interface with ultra-low latency A-D/D-A conversion - Red Evolution mic preamps
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett Solo 3rd Gen MOSC0024
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant usb-c but usb2, preamps, ad/dc 24bit 192kHz, most Focusrite gen3 interfaces have encrypted processors, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 18i6 Gen3 MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, USB2 class compliant device, but with custom mixer interface
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 2i2 Gen 3 (push in switches) MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8210
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, USB-c bus powered, good preamps ein equivalent input noise -128 dBu, 24-bit 192kHz Cirrus Logic xfr002c and cs4272 chips, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 18i20 3rd gen MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 18i8 3rd Gen MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8214
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, , , no screws under the rubber pads on the bottom, 12v psu, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett Solo Studio Mk3 USB Audio Interface MOSC0030 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 2i2 4th Gen USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 4i4 4th Gen USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett Studio 4th Gen USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett Solo 4th Gen MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 18i20 4th Gen MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FractalAudio FM9 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fractal Audio AM4 platform 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 not working 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lewitt Connect 6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lewitt 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mooer Steep II Multi-Platform USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Motu UltraLite AVB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; usb not compliant? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU M2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant?, usb-c, good pre amps, ad/dc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU M4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, okay, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU U2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  maybe not usb compliant, good but latest had hardware revision 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU UltraLite-mk3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 not usb compliant, great 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU UltraLite-mk5
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 not usb compliant, great 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
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| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nuemann MT48 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; usb audio compliant, great pre-amps 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Neumann MT48 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
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| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;neuralDSP Quad Cortex QC platform 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 cc compliant but plugins not working 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NeuralDSP QC Lite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 cc complaint 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Neve Genesys Black G16 G32 G64
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
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| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; not compliant - very good very expensive 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Presonus AudioBox USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe not usb compliant, usb1.1 usb-b bus powered, okay pre-amps, 24bit ADC 48Khz max, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Presonus Audiobox 1818VSL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Presonus AudioBox 44VSL
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 may not be usb compliant, 12v psu, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PreSonus AudioBox 22VSL
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|PreSonus Studio 2|4 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, usb-b, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|PreSonus Studio 2|6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|PreSonus Studio 6|8 USB Audio Interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 maybe compliant, needs ext psu, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PreSonus Studio 24c 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, usb-c, good, adc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PreSonus Studio 26c 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, usb-c, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PreSonus® Studio 68c
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, usb-c, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PreSonus AudioBox USB 96 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 maybe usb compliant, high preamp noise, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Presonus Quantum ES2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, okay, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Prism 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Prism Lyra 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe not usb compliant, great 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Platane UP1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant usb- UAC2 asynchronous protocol, 64dB Low-noise Mic amplifier, 32Bit High End ADC and DAC, 16dBu High-power ti headphone amplifier
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Platane UP2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Platane 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RME Babyface/UC/UFX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 maybe not usb compliant, good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RME Fireface UCX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 might be able to put into class compliant cc although a firewire device, pre amps, adc,  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RME Babyface Pro FS  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe not usb compliant, good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RME Fireface UCX II
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 might be class compliant usb-b, pre amps, adc,  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Solid State Logic SSL2 SSL2+ Mk1 1st Gen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 maybe usb compliant, good, adc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Solid State Logic SSL12 SSL18 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, bus powered, good pre-amps, up to 32-bit 192kHz AD/DA converters, 12-in 8-out, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Solid State Logic SSL2 SSL2+ MkII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant, good pre amps ein -130 dBu, ad/dc, okay latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Solid State Logic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Topping E1x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 maybe usb compliant, good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Topping Pro E2x2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 maybe usb compliant, good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UAD UA Apollo 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UA apollo 2nd Gen twin X (Duo/Quad), X4, X6, X8, X8P, and X16
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 bus compliant?, usb-
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UA apollo twin x quad 3rd Gen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 bus compliant?, usb-
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Universal Audio Volt 1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 maybe usb compliant, good, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|Universal Audio Volt 276 2|76 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 maybe usb compliant, good, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Universal Audio Volt 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, good, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai EIE Pro AI01 Electromusic Interface Expander - 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe not usb compliant, 4-in/4-out USB 2.0 audio interface with a built-in USB hub and MIDI I/O, up to 24-bit/96kHz 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai EIE Pro AI02 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|Alesis io2 io|2, io14 io|14, io26 io|26 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 bus powered but not usb compliant, okay pre-amps, 2, 4 or 8 mics respectively, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis iO2 Express 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010  not usb compliant, poor pre-amps, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Core 1 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe cc, mini usb, poor latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee Duet 1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 firewire only, not usb compliant micro-usb with most features, , ,  two‑channel two‑in, two‑out, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee Ensemble 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 firewire, not usb compliant micro-usb with most features, , ,  two‑channel 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee One USB 1st Gen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 maybe not usb compliant micro-usb for basic features, , , single‑channel up to 48kHz
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee One USB 2nd Gen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant usb- and maybe aa batteries, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee Duet 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant usb-c with most features, , , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee One USB 3rd Gen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee Ensemble Thunderbolt 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 maybe not usb compliant micro-usb with most features, , ,  two‑channel 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee Boom 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant usb-c, , , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee Duet 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant usb-c with most features, , , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ART PRO Audio Usb Mix 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant bus powered, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avid Digidesign Mbox 1 USB Audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0dba
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;01000
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 mbox original was usb1 and not a usb class compliant device, and had the much hated &quot;focusrite designed&quot; mic preamps, light blue front plate and the sticky out feet 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avid Digidesign Mbox 2 USB Audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0dba
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 midi not usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avid Digidesign Mbox 2 Pro USB Audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0dba
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 not usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avid Digidesign Mbox 2 Mini USB Audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0dba
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 not usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avid Digidesign Mbox 2 Micro USB Audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0dba
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 not usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVID MBox 3rd gen Mini or Standard but Pro is Firewire 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;behringer u-control uca202 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x8bb
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2902
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.00
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, draws a lot of power - dac ti burr-brown - no microphone pre-amp - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-CONTROL UCA 222 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 maybe usb compliant,  - no microphone pre-amp - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Black Lion Audio 2x2 evolution 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 maybe usb compliant but , okay with 109dB range - poor noise floor, 24-bit 192kHz Cirrus Logic CS4272, average latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bomge 11s 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bomge 22s 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bomge BMG22 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 usb-c, 24bit 192kHz but only use much lower, may have to spend time cleaning up some of the noise, high latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bomge U202 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 usb-c, 32bit 192kHz but only use much lower, may have to spend time cleaning up some of the noise, high latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bomge U204 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 usb-c, 32bit 192kHz but only use much lower , may have to spend time cleaning up some of the noise, high latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bomge Mini 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TI Burr-Brown PCM2702E PCM2704 PCM2704C Muse Audio Mini USB DAC board 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x08bb 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2704
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, no mic input - goodish quality
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TI Burr-Brown PCM2900 PCM2902 PCM2906 USB DAC board 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x08bb
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2900
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, no mic input - goodish quality 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Depusheng MD22 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 usb-b powered, 24bit 192kHz though is 96kHz, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Depusheng USB Audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 usb-b powered, 24bit 192kHz though is 96kHz, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|Emagic emi 2|6 em2|6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 not uac 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|Emagic emi 6|2m 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 not uac 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|Emagic emi 6|2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 not uac 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ego Systems, Inc. in Korea (ESI) joining with RIDI GmbH 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;esi Mixvibes U46 Mk II USB audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 not usb compliant, usb-b powered, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI ESU22
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;esi U24XL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, usb-b powered, 24 bits, 2 analogue inputs and outputs with 6.3 mm jack connection, Output L can be used as a headphone output, S / PDIF digital input - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;esi U46XL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, usb-b powered, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI Originals, Inc ESIO MAYA22USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant, usb-b powered, 1 xlr, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MAYA44USB+ 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant, usb-b powered,  xlr, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI Originals, Inc ESIO MARA22XTU 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe usb compliant, usb-b powered, 1 xlr, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI U22XT
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 usb class compliant
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI Gigaport Ex
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 usb compliant?, usb-c usb3.1, , , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iConnectivity iConnectAUDIO2+ icaudio-02 USB audio interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;LexiconPro - Omega 8x4x2 (USB-1.1)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 not usb complaint 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lexicon Alpha 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lexicon Lambda
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 may not be compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Line 6 Toneport UX1 and Tone Port UX2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004  not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Line 6 TonePort UX8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 maybe not class compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Line 6 POD Studio UX1 UX2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006  not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lokchonk UX22 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ljSiNmudMm0 Lokchonk UX44HD] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 usb-b , , , 2in 2out only, average latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie Onyx Artist 1·2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 maybe not usb compliant, usb-b powered, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie Onyx Producer 2X2 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, usb-b midi 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie Onyx Blackjack
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 USB powered but maybe not usb compliant, Two Onyx Preamps, 2-in, 2-out which are combo Neutrik-type connectors to handle XLR, instrument or line level 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe usb compliant, , , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Media Assistance USB-One
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 not uac cc comliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Fast Track USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 maybe not usb compliant, - guitar 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Fast Track Ultra (6 in 6 out) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb cc providing 24-bit/96kHz audio capabilities but requires manual configuration of the mixer settings 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio M-Track 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 usb compliant?, okay - guitar and vocal mainly 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://htyp.org/M-Audio/Fast_Track_Ultra/Linux M-Audio FastTrack Ultra] and Ultra 8R 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 maybe usb compliant, low round-trip latency, okay octane pre amps, adc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio M-Track 2x2M
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 usb compliant? usb-c - okay pre-amps, , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio M-Track (MkII) 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 usb compliant? usb-c - okay pre amps, , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio M-Track Solo 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 usb compliant? - okay but issues, MJN4580C opamps (lower gain 55 dB at volume 9-10), ti PCM2900C ADC 16bit means there is a hard noise floor at -96 dB, plastic build no rf shielding, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio M-Track DUO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 usb compliant? - okay but issues, MJN4580C opamps (lower gain 55 dB at volume 9-10), ti PCM2900C ADC 16bit means there is a hard noise floor at -96 dB, plastic build no rf sheild, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Air
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, okay 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NI AK1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17CC
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.pogo.org.uk/~mark/linuxdj/ Native Instruments Traktor Audio 8 DJ], [ Traktor Audio 4 DJ], [ Traktor Audio 2 DJ], 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17cc
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1978, 0x0839, 0x041C 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 not usb compliant uses snd-usb-caiaq module, [https://mixxx.discourse.group/t/problems-with-native-instruments-audio-8-dj-on-linux/14719/2 Audio 8 device has 4 subunits which are not recognized correctly], Cirrus Logic DACs spec'd at 24-bit/96KHz over a USB2, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NI Komplete Audio 6 Mk1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17CC
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe usb compliant, pre amps, 24bit 96kHz adc, ocassional dropouts, plastic build top with metal around 3/4, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments NI Komplete Audio 1 and 2 USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17CC
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, good pre amp ein -129.5 dBu, ad/dc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://support.native-instruments.com/hc/en-us/articles/360014683497-Apple-Silicon-Compatibility-News Native Instruments Komplete Audio 6 Mk2] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17CC
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, pre amps, 24bit 192kHz adc, black aluminum glass build, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[ Native Instruments Traktor Pro] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17cc
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 maybe usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation AudioHub 2x4 NOVHUB01 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, usb-b powered, no xlr, focusrite sounds inside, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation AudioHub 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Prodipe Studio 22 Pro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Schiit HEL 1 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Schiit HEL 2 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 gaming headsets mostly 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-3 Audio Capture
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1998 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-30 Audio Capture
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1999 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA1A UA-1D Audio Capture
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-5 Audio Capture (Roland)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-1000 Audio Capture
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-1EX, Cakewalk UA-1G  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 not usb compliant driver also supports ASIO (Steinberg Audio Stream I/O Interface), noisy 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Duo Capture UA-11 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland QUAD-CAPTURE Analog 2x2 Digital 2x2 USB 2.0 4in/4out
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 not usb compliant, usb-b powered 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Manuals/Rosegarden/Setup Roland Edirol UA-101 and UA-1000 (Clemens Ladisch driver)]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/mmueller-kaffeeschluerfercom/UA-25-Firmware-Modification Roland Edirol ua-25]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 maybe usb compliant 16bit 44.1kHz sampling without MIDI but not USB class complient when in Advanced mode for 24bit or midi 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Edirol by Roland USB AudioCapture UA-25EX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x00e6, 0x00e7
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant if ADVANCED DRIVER switched to OFF might play and record at 44.1kHz and 16-bit samples 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Audio Interface V-Studio 20 VS-20 Cakewalk
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 maybe not usb compliant, usb-b powered, 1 xlr, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA55 UA-55 Quad Cakewalk 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x012f
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 not USB class compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland DUO-CAPTURE EX UA-22 USB Audio
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0159
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant but not be used with a USB 3.0 port that is not compatible with USB 2.0 specification, vs pre amps, adc, three AA batteries in base, or an AC adapter psb-1u 9V 2A - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Rubix series Roland Rubix22 USB 2.0 Audio Interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Rubix series Roland Rubix24 USB 2.0 Audio Interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg MI2, Steinberg MI4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg (2004 Yamaha buys) MIDI interface hardware including the CC like CC121 CC-121 and CI1 CI2 series.
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR12 UR22
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe not usb compliant, poor pre-amps, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR44 usb audio interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe not usb compliant, poor pre-amps, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR242 audio interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 maybe usb compliant, usb powered or 5v psu, okay pre-amps, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR22mkII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 maybe usb compliant, okay pre-amps ein -123 dBu, ad/dc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR-RT 2 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 maybe usb compliant, usb2.0 usb-b, pre-amps, ad/dc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR44C (USB3) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg URX22C UR22C  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 maybe usb compliant, preamps okay but little noisy, ad/dc. 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR22 MkIII UR series
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant usb-c, okay pre-amps, adc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tapco LiNK.USB 2x2 (Loud technologies WA, USA) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 maybe not compliant, usb-b, poor pre-amps hum, latency issues, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://git.alsa-project.org/?p=alsa-tools.git;a=blob;f=usx2yloader/README;hb=3843634ef0310a952b256bcb6a4ddd0ad4ebe396 Teac Tascam US-422 US-428 US2XYloader] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam US-122 US-224 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 not usb compliant, needing firmware usx2yloader/us122fw.ihx for audio sound card - Tascam US-122 and US-122L are not the same - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam US-122L 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x800e
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 not usb compliant, obsolete needs tascam_loader.ihx and us122fw.ihx firmware loaded each time unless automated 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam US122 US-122 Mk2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 not usb compliant although USB2 downgrade so using USB1.1 UHCI, tascam units suffer from high round-trip latency as do most typical USB units
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam US144 US-144 Mk2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 maybe usb compliant although USB2 downgrade so using USB1.1 UHCI, tascam units suffer from high round-trip latency as do most typical USB units
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac TASCAM US-200 USB 2.0 Audio / MIDI Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac US-366 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac TASCAM US-600 USB 2.0 Audio / MIDI Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac TASCAM US-800 USB 2.0 Audio / MIDI Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 may not be totally usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam iU2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Corp Tascam US-2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 usb compliant?, 5v dc power, midi out in, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Corp Tascam US-4x4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; usb compliant?, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam US-16x08 US-20x20
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;teyun q12 Q-12, q22 Q-22 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant - unknown pre amp, unknown ad/dc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teyun q26 Q-26, q24 Q-24 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant - unknown pre amp, unknown ad/dc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
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| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha UW500
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 not class compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha Audiogram 3 USB Digital Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 maybe usb compliant, okay pre amp, 16bit 44kHz adc no advanced features without dedicated asio driver, 1 xlr, 1 instrument, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha Audiogram 6 USB Digital Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant, okay, 2 xlr, 2 instrument, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom UAC-232 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, okay, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom UAC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, okay, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.arcam.co.uk/products,rseries,usb-dacs,rPAC.htm Arcam rPac] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audioquest Dragonfly 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audioengine D1 Premium 24-bit DAC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Beresford TC-7520 (Burr Brown PCM 1716) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Beresford TC-7520 + Burson Buffer + MK3 JKSPDIF
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://epiphany-acoustics.co.uk/products-page/dacs/e-dac-24bit-miniature-usb-dac/ Epiphany E-DAC 24bit] ES9023 DAC chip 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Firestone Audio FUBAR II Mk2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Firestone Audio iLoveTW 24Bit USB DAC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FiiO D5 ta2020 chip amp 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FiiO E07K Andes 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FiiO E17 Alpen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GoVibe Magnum 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GoVibe Martini-U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GoVibe Vulcan 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Halide Design DAC HD (Wolfson WM8716) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HRT Steamer II USB DAC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;John Kenny JKDAC uses a 24-bit/192&amp;nbsp;kHz Sabre ES9022 DAC or better JKDAC32 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; iBasso D12  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Leckerton UHA-6S MKII  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MyST 1866 PortaDAC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Objective DAC ODAC+O2  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rega DAC (Wolfson WM8742) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.henryaudio.com/open-source.php Henry Audio USB DAC 128 also known as QNKTC AB-1.2 open source DAC] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Henry Audio mkII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;AKM4430 DAC chip comes from Asahi Kasai 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DevilSound USB DAC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom U series
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;KingRex UD-01 SE (Burr-Brown PCM 2702E) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SuperPro 24/192 USB DAC (24bit 192&amp;nbsp;kHz, CS-4398 D/A chip) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| CMedia CM108 7.1ch emulation I2S in and out
| 0x1926
| 0x0003
| 0x0100
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| [http://www.lindy.co.uk/usb-2-audio-adapter/42961.html Lindy USB 2.0] (Chipset CM108)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| Speed-Link SL-8850-SBK Vigo ([http://mightyohm.com/forum/viewtopic.php?p=1036#p1030 CMedia CM108])
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| Dynamode USB SOUNDCARD 2.0 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0003
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1130
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| Dynamode Virtual 7.1 USB-SOUND7 (C-Media )
| 0x0d8c
| 0x000c 0x000e
| 1.00
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Generic White box with very little red led and white USB lead (CMedia )
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0d8c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 0c000e
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.00
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| CM109 CiT SC-U119 5.1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| CMedia CM1197.1ch I2C MCU port Penguin 
| 0x0D8C
| 0x0000
| 0x010
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sweex 7.1 Startech External USB, WMA Blue metal box SYBA SD-AUD20040, Sabrent USB-SND8, Sewell Vantec NBA-200U (C-Media CM6206 CM106 like) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0d8c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0102
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;50/50 if the item is detected but does not work 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative Labs SoundBlaster X-fi 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative X-Fi Go 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative X-Fi 5.1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative Sound Blaster Play! USB sound adapter (SB1140) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; working with [http://www.amiga.org/forums/showpost.php?p=646431&amp;postcount=15 Deneb on OS3] 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asus Xonar U1 (ASUS UA100 USB Audio Chip) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asus Xonar U3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Griffin iMic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Transit
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
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| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Icemat Siberia (steel series) (Cmedia chipset) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JMTek HY554, ZyXEL NSA-220, Logilink (Tenx Technology TP6911 and SSS-1623 headphone set) 
| 0x0C76 0x1130
| 0x1605 0x1607  0xf211
| 0x
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; reports on other OS not good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
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|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Plantronics &quot;DSP Adapter-01&quot; (or &quot;USB Adapter-02&quot;) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rocksmith Real Tone Cable 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
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| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RSA Intruder Predator 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
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|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech ICUSBAUDIO7
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0d8c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x000c
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.00
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
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| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
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|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Stoner Acoustics UD100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac UDH01-B  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
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|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Terratec Aureon 5.1 USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Terratec Aureon 5.1 USB MKII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TerraTec Electronic GmbH Aureon Dual USB
| 0x0ccd
| 0x0077 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Terratec Phase26
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust 510 EX 5.1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
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| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech A-5572A USB 2.0  to 3.5mm jacks Virtual 7.1 Surround Sound Adapter or accessory of Logitech Clearchat pro USB or Logitech USB Headset H530 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0003 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x046D
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
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| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trumix TM-10 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024  maybe cc 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trumix TM-12 USB-C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe cc usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
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| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Turtle Beach Audio Advantage Amigo Micro II USB Sound Card &amp; Headset Adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x10F5
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0211
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
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| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
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|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Vantec NBA-100U 7.1 Channel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
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|}

 Companies including Access, Alesis, Allen&amp;Heath, American Audio, CME, ESI, Infrasonic, Lexicon, Numark, Presonus, Reloop, SIMS, Sound Devices, Steinberg, Swissonic, Tascam, Terrasoniq, Terratec, Yamaha and Yellowtec decided to license and bundle this driver. So fully functional custom drivers are available for Access Virus TI, Access Virus TI snow, Alesis Multimix 8 USB2.0, Alesis Multimix 16 USB2.0, Allen&amp;Heath XONE:2D, Allen&amp;Heath XONE:3D, Allen&amp;Heath XONE:4D, Allen&amp;Heath XONE:DX, Allen&amp;Heath XONE:DB4, American Audio Versa Port, CME XCORPIO, ESI ESU1808, ESI Gigaport AG / DG, ESI Maya 44 USB, Infrasonic Amon, Lexicon I-ONIX U22, Lexicon I-ONIX U42S, Lexicon I-ONIX U82S, Mindprint DI-MOD USB, Numark DJ IO, Numark NS6, Numark NS7, Numark Omni Control, Numark V7, Presonus Audiobox USB, Reloop Digital Jockey, SIMS Primus, Sound Devices USB pre, Steinberg MI2, Steinberg MI4, Swissonic Easy USB, Tascam M-164UF, Tascam US-122L, Tascam US-144, Tascam US-Tascam US-144mkII 122mkII, Tascam US-200, Tascam US-600, Tascam US-1641, Tascam US-1800, Tascam US-2000, Terratec Area 61, Terrasoniq Phase X64, Terratec Phase 26 USB, Yamaha UW10, Yamaha UW500, Yellowtec PUC2 and many others.

Well, those companies are using the same driver framework because all of those interfaces use the same microprocessor/firmware architecture to communicate with the USB bus. Just like almost all FireWire audio interfaces use the same TC Dice or BridgeCo chipsets. Usually it does not make sense for companies to develop their own USB1.1/USB2/FW framework for a product they are going to sell for &lt;$500.

However, that isn't the end of the story. The companies who develop audio interfaces implement different features into their devices and must update the driver and firmware to accommodate those features. That is where things can go wrong. Sometimes there is miss-communication about how things are coded, sometimes the developer who started a project leaves without transferring his knowledge to his successor, etc. You have to keep in mind that there are no &quot;big&quot; computer audio companies. Even the companies that seem big in the scale of the market, probably have fewer employees than you'd think.

A very well made interface that is designed from scratch from the ground up would be a very expensive device, regardless of whether it's USB, FW, PCIe or whatever.

Round-trip latency is the sum of the following:
&lt;pre&gt;
    ASIO input buffer
    ASIO output buffer
    A/D D/A converter latency
    The driver's hidden safety buffer
&lt;/pre&gt;
At a 64-sample ASIO buffer size/44.1k, Tascam units yield ~18ms total round-trip latency.

Typical USB audio interfaces use a large hidden safety buffer.
This helps ensure glitch-free playback... even under less than ideal circumstances. But... this comes at the expense of much higher round-trip latency. Short of doubling the sample-rate, there's no means of mitigating the higher round-trip latency.
If you have no plans of ever monitoring in realtime thru software based EFX/processing (ie: playing/monitoring DI bass thru an AmpSim plugin as you're playing), then this may not matter to you.
If you want the ability this play/monitor in realtime thru software based EFX/processing, make sure to get an audio interface that yields low round-trip latency.

As a point of reference the best PCI/e audio interfaces yield about 5ms total round-trip latency at a 64-sample ASIO buffer size/44.1k
The best Firewire and USB units yield 5.5-5.6ms total round-trip latency at those same settings.
Typical USB and Firewire units (that use a large hidden safety buffer) yield 12-18ms total round-trip latency at those same settings.

Anything above ~6ms starts to feel sluggish.
Anything above ~10ms feels like playing thru molasses.


USB Microphones 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;C-Media Electronics, Inc. CM108 Audio Controller Mic
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0d8c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x013c 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato WaveMic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Wave:1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 no driver }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Wave:3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 no driver lightweight }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;hyperx solocast 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;hyperx quadcast 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sennheiser CC510 USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis USB-Mic microphone podcasting kit 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audio-Technica AT2020 (AT202) AT4040
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audio-Technica AT2035 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer B1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Blue Microphones Snowball 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Blue Microphones Snowball iCE
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| cardioid only }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Blue Microphones Yeti 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|can pick up a lot of background noise but not sure if right mode used }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Blue Microphones Yeti Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| can pick up a lot of background noise but not sure if right mode used }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MXL 2001A/600 Studio Microphone Pack / MXL 2003A Studio Condenser
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft LifeChat LX-3000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Namtai SingStar(TM) PS2 SCEH-0001 USBMIC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1415
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0.01
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| mono microphones }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Neumann MT48 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Seiren X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Seiren Mini USB Condenser Microphone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rockband USB Mic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rode NT1A VideoMic Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rode Podcaster 2 USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| RODECaster Pro usb audio compatible}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rode NT1A NT2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  NT2 better }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland R-07
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson Go Mic - Portable USB Microphone for Recording 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| mini usb r.h.s. and clip on the bottom left hand side}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson Go Mic Clip On USB Microphone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| switch to choose between Cardiod, Omni and -10&amp;nbsp;dB modes, a 3.5mm headphone socket and a USB socket}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson C01U  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| cardoid only}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson C03U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Shure MV7 USB Podcast Microphone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Shure MV7+ XLR &amp; USB-C dynamic microphone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SONY PCM-D50 handy 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| one mini usb 5V, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PCM-M10 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| one mini usb out 5V, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SONY 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| one mini usb out, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SONY 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| one mini usb out, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TASCAM DR-1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008, one mini usb out, lithium battery}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-07 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009, one mini usb out, aa battery}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR05 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011, one mini usb port for file transfer and charging the AA batteries }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-40
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011  mini usb aa battery }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-07mkII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 , one mini usb out, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-05X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 , one micro usb out, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-07X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 , one micro usb out, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-40X
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 , one micro usb 3 aa battery }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-05XP 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 , one usb-c , }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-07XP 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 , one usb-c , }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-40XP
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 , one usb-c, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-100mkIII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| , usb , }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| , usb , }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2006 no driver, mini usb 5V }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0095
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007 no driver, mini usb 5V audio i/f USB Card and USB Audio; press the Record button when USB Audio is displayed. Press Record again to choose the default }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H4n 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 no driver, mini usb 5V }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0120
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010 no driver, mini usb 5V and display will alternate between USB Card and USB Audio; press the Record button when USB Audio is displayed. Press Record again to choose the default }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H2n 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 no driver, mini usb 5V audio i/f press the Record. Press Record again to choose the default }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H4n PRO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 no driver, mini usb 5V }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 untested, 2xlr, 5v mini usb, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 no driver, 5v mini usb, 2 xlr, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H1n-vp handy 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 no driver, mini usb 5V }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H6studio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom Q3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 untested usb a cord, no hdmi, 480p}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom Q3HD Handy Video Recorder 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010 untested, built in usb-a cord, mini hdmi, 1 hour on 2 AA batteries, H.264 movies 480p }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom Q2HD Handy 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 untested, up 720p but no stablisation, mini usb cord, 1 hour on 2 AA batteries}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom Q4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 untested, li-ion battery}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom Q4N 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2015 untested, li-ion battery}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audio Technica ATR4697-USB Boundary Microphone
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CAD Audio CAD USB Condenser Boundary Microphone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MXL AC-44 Boundary Conferencing Mic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson Audio SAUB1 Boundary Microphone (USB)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


USB Speakers 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focal XS 2.1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


USB Headset Wired/Wireless 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Logitech Vantage Wired (came free with PS2 Socom3)
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Logitech G330 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Logitech Premium USB Stereo Headset 350
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Plantronics DSP-300 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Plantronics GameCom 777
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Logitech G-930 Wireless
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| [http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/set-usb-wireless-earphones/ Plantronics Audio 995 Wireless RF] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Sennheiser  Wireless
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Be1e0QPIPK0 Mixers]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ALESIS MULTIMIX 4 CHANNEL USB MIXER
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis - MultiMix 8 USB FX (USB 1.0)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 usb compliant?, up to 16-bit/48kHz, 18v 500mA - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis - MultiMix 8 USB 2.0 FX (USB 2.0)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 usb compliant?, up to 16-bit/48kHz, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Allen&amp;Heath MixWiz16
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Allen and Heath ZED Power 1000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb 8 xlr, usb-b out, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Allen &amp; Heath ZEDi-10
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer XENYX 302USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 5-Input Mixer/Audio Interface - 1 xlr - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Xenyx Q502USB Mixer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|no driver}} Behringer 2*18.5V 250ma psu - 1 xlr - phanton power - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Xenyx Q802USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} Behringer 2*18.5V 250ma psu - 2 xlr - phanton power - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BEHRINGER XENYX 1204USB 8-Channel 2-Bus Mixer USB/Audio Interface Studio/Live
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} iec kettle psu lead - can develop constant background hiss over time 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer XENYX X1222USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver - 12-Channel Analog Mixer with USB Interface and Effects}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Depusheng HT-7 HT7USB 7 Channel Audio Mixer
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2023 cheap no driver, USB MP3 player to work, format your USB stick Fat32 as a Logical drive - not primary}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Depusheng XT7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2025 cheap no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Depusheng DT8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2025 cheap no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Spirit soundcraft Folio FX8 with Lexicon Effects Processor
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} unusual power connector - [https://github.com/lack/soundcraft-utils usb routing] -  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Weymic Professional F7 7-Channel 2-Bus Mixer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2022 no driver, cheap mixer with 3pin ac input (introduces noise) and 1 usb-a port}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Weymic Professional F7-Pro 7-Channel 2-Bus Mixer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2022 no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Weymic A80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2024 no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
|}


Mixer no hardware usb 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ALTO Lynx MIX82FX Audio Mixer
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alto L16 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer MXUL5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer MX602A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Eurorack UB502
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb 17.5V 3pin psu needed}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Eurorack UB802 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb 2 xlr,}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Eurorack UB1002 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb 2 xlr,}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Eurorack UB1202 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb 4 xlr, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Eurorack UB1602 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer RX1602 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer 802 XENYX 8-Input 2-Bus Mixer Small Format Mixer
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} Behringer 18.5V ???ma psu - 2 xlr - phanton power - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Xenyx 502 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Xenyx 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IMG stage Line MMX-122 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb, 4 xlr, iec cable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie 802VLZ4 Mackie 802-VLZ4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb , psu}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie 1202-VLZ Pro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb, mains iec}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie Mix5 Mixer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}} 18v 300mA psu - 5 Channel - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie Mix8 Mixer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}} 9v x2 600mA psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie MIX12FX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb, 4 xlr, 9v 500mA x2 psu, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.soundcraft.com/en/product_documents/en/owners_manual Soundcraft] Spirit Folio F1 Fader 100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} 16 Channel Mixer - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft EPM6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft EPM8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Harman Soundcraft EPM 12 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} iec kettle power lead - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft EPM 16
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft Notepad 8FX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft Notepad UI12
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; connect via wifi 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft Notepad UI16
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; connect via wifi 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft Notepad 124FX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection, 14.8V x2 3 pin psu}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;t.mix xmix 1402fx mp usb
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection, mains iec, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
|}


==Webcameras==

A USB camera has two dedicated chips: a controller or bridge and an image sensor.

There was no Commodore support for video interfaces. The only commercial, now discontinued application that defined some sort of standard was VHI Studio by iospirit.

===OLD standards===

See [http://www.e3b.de/usb/main_supported_e.html support pages] and [http://www.e3b.de/usb/main_faq_e.html here] and some [http://webcam-osx.sourceforge.net/cameras/index.php?orderBy=status further compatibility]


Pencam STV680
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| AIPTEK stv680 
| 0x0553 
| 0x0202 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Konica e-mini 
| 0x04c8 
| 0x0722 
|
| {{N/A|untested }}
|-
| DigitalDream l'espion XS 
| 0x1183 
| 0x0001 
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| [http://reviews.cnet.com/webcams/creative-webcam-go/1707-6502_7-1446174.html Creative WebCam Go mini] 
| 0x041e 
| 0x4007 
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}


SonixcamTool (Sonix webcams and derivates)

'''Note [http://amigadev.free.fr/sonix/ some] Sonix Webcams with a Sonix SN9C1xx controller ''and'' a pas106b or tas5110c1b sensor support bulk mode which works even with pciusb.device!'''
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Macally IceCam II
| 0x0c45
| 0x05d8
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Sweex MiniCam 100K 
| 0x0c45 
| 0x6005 
| 
| {{N/A|untested - sensor tas5110c1b}}
|-
| Macally IceCam Portable 
| 0x0c45
| 0x6007
| 
| {{N/A|untested - sensor tas5110d}}
|-
| Sweex 100K 
| 0x0c45 
| 0x6009 
| 0x0101
| {{yes|bulk works - sensor pas106b}}
|-
| [http://www.epinions.com/pr-Chicony_TwinkleCam_Webcam/display_~full_specs Chicony Twinkle DC-2110A] 
| 0x0c45
| 0x600d
| 
| {{no|no}}
|-
| Unknown
| 0x0c45
| 0x601e
| 
| {{no|no}}
|-
| USB PC Camera (SN9C102)
| 0x0c45 
| 0x6028
| 
| {{no|no - sn9c10x + pas202b}}
|-
| Trust SpaceC@m 120 and 150
| 0x0c45 
| 0x6029
| 
| {{N/A|untested - sensor pas106a}}
|-
| HiRes Webcam Live
| 0x0c45 
| 0x602c
| 
| {{no|no - sensor ov7630}}
|-
| [http://www.sweex.com/en/assortiment/sound-vision/webcams/JA000020 Sweex USB Webcam 300K]
| 0x0c45
| 0x608f
| 
| {{no|no - sensor ov7630}}
|-
| Speedlink Sphere Webcam SL-6820, 350K
| 0x0c45
| 0x613c
| 0x0101
| {{N/A|untested - sensor HV7131R}}
|-
| WB-3250P
| 0x0c45
| 0x613e
| 
| {{no|no - sensor ov7630}}
|-
| Unknown
| 0x0c45 
| 0x6207
| 
| {{no|no}}
|}

&lt;pre&gt;
micromaxx USB Camera 	STM 	1363 	514 	works 	---
USB Tower 	Lego 	1684 	1 	works 	need NCQ
Trust Spycam 100plus 	STM 	1363 	514 	works
&lt;/pre&gt;


ov51x.class - no driver
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| D-Link VGA Webcam (640x480) 
| 0x05a9
| 0x8519
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Sony PS2 EyeToy Logitech/Logicool Black (ov519) SCEH-0004 
| 0x054c
| 0x0154
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Sony PS2 EyeToy Namtai Silver (ov519) SLEH-00031 SLEH-00030
| 0x054c
| 0x0155
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
|}


===UVC.class - [https://www.usb.org/document-library/video-class-v15-document-set USB Device Class Definition for Video Devices or USB Video Class]===

 AROS does not supported as still needs an uvc.class which might create a virtual UVC.VHI or an expanded streaming device driver for use by AROS apps 

*2003 UVC 1.0 baseline streaming of uncompressed YUV422, MJPEG, and compressed MPEG-2 TS, DV 
*2005 [http://www.cajunbot.com/wiki/images/8/85/USB_Video_Class_1.1.pdf UVC 1.1] baseline HD 720p streams formats, usb2 support, 
*2012 [https://www.usb.org/document-library/video-class-v15-document-set UVC 1.5] added usb3 devices and compressed h.264 and VP8 formats 
*2019 the market is filled with UVC Compliant USB HDMI Capture


*Aros needs to read the camera’s class-specific Video Control (VC) unit and terminal descriptors.
*Identifies the devices as UVC-compatible and links it to the native UVC class driver, so no separate driver installation is required.
*Aros and camera determine the appropriate streaming settings, including format, resolution, and frame rate.
*Once set, video data moves from the image sensor to the onboard ISP, then through the USB controller and into the host system for viewing, analysis, or recording 
*More advanced functions, such as HDR, ROI, and hardware trigger support, can be managed 


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acasis 4K30 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acasis 4K60 HD VS009
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|4k 60hz ok for chat streams}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acasis 4K60 HDMI HDR Game Live Video Capture
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| for chat streams }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AJA U-tap HDMI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ASUS TUF CU4K30 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ATEN CAMLIVE HDMI to USB-C UVC Video Capture adapter UC3020 HDMI (F) TO USB-C M 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 possibly UVC and UAC standard support allows up to 1080P @ 60}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avermedia Live Streamer Cap 4K - BU113 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 uvc usb3}}  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia GC515 video capturing device 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 USB 3.2 Gen 1 (3.1 Gen 1)}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer Ultra GC553
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 usb3 powered by Type C USB cable and 4K HDMI cable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer Ultra S GC553PROW 302AGC553DL2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1553
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 powered by good quality type C USB3 cable and 4K HDMI 2.0 cable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVermedia Live Gamer Mini GC311 302AGC311DG9 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1311
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 uvc compliant up to 1080p 60fps capture and supports internal hardware H.264 encoding - if flashing blue light try another '''quality''' micro usb cable - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Ez Recorder 330 (ER330) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 designed to work independently and is generally not compatible as a plug-and-play UVC capture card }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer extreme3 GC551G2 (LGX3) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3551
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 uvc compliant for intensive gaming streams, some vrr but no hdr with maximum recording resolution of 4K30/1080p60 from fully wired usb3 compatible cable - passing through 4K60/1080p120 Game Capture video capturing device HDMI}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer Ultra Pro GC553Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 usb3 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer Ultra 2.1 GC553G2 61GC553G20BV video capturing device 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 USB 3.2 Gen 1 (3.1 Gen 1)}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia GC575
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 usb3 powered by Type C USB cable and 4K HDMI cable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVMatrix 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ClonerAlliance Flint 4KP Plus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DIGITNOW U600 video capture card 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 uvc uac  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epiphan AV.io HD
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epiphan AV.io 4K 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Cam Link 4K 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0FD9
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/elgatosf/capture-device-support Elgato HD60 S+]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0FD9
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x006C, 0x006E
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 4K 30FPS capture, 1080p 60FPS uvc}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato HD60 X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0FD9
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Cam Link 4K HDMI video capture card 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0FD9
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 uvc compliant but can have usb disconnects}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EVGA XR1 USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 USB 3.0 device with 1080/60 capture and 4K/60 passthrough}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EVGA XR1 lite USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 USB 3.0 device }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EVGA XR1 Pro USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 USB 3.0 device with 1080/60 capture and 4K/60 passthrough}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EZcap Game Link Raw - ezcap321 usb3.1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 2160p30, 1080p120 and 1440p60 HDMI input and pass-through. - 1080p120, 2160p30 and 1440p60 recording. - Latency less than 50ms uvc}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EZCap GameDock Ultra 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 record at 4K30, 1440p60, and 1080p120}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EZcap 360 Game Capture Extreme 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 USB 3.0, 4K 60FPS passthru and 1080p 240FPS}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EZCAP 364 GameDock Extreme 2.1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Genki ShadowCast 1 &amp; 2, the Pro version 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HAUPPAUGE HD PVR Pro 60 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021  4K in/Out 1080P 60fps Capture and Streaming PC Connected and Stand Alone }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;INOGENI 4K2USB3 2830 3826 HDMI 4K to USB 3.0 UHD 1080p Video Capture Card 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2997
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0004
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 uvc compliant made in Canada - usb3-b socket and 1 hdmi 1080p from 23.98 up to 60p, 4K@30 fps maybe - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kondor Blue 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nanjing Magewell Electronics Co ltd USB 3.0 XI100DUSB-HDMI Pro Capture 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell USB3.0 Silver HDMI Full HD Video Capture Device 1080p 32011 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 usb audio extract HDMI embedded audio output via headphones}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell USB capture HDMI PLUS 2K 32040 320400000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 captures video up to 1920×1200, 1920×1080 or 2048×1080 at 60 fps over an HDMI capture from devices such as game consoles in up to DCI 4Kp60 4:2:0 input resolution, and it automatically upscales/downscales the signal to 2K for recording or streaming}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell USB capture HDMI Gen2 32060 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2015 1080p gets hot, 165M HDMI receiver, max input 2048x1080 60fps 4:4:4, RGB/YUV 4:4:4 8/10/12-bit, YUY 4:2:2 12-bit, up to 8-channel 24-bit HDMI-embedded audio at 192kHz, HDMI 1.4a, output from 480p to 1080p, YUY2/UYVY/RGB24/RGB32 support video cropping, up/down scaling, de-interlacing, aspect ratio conversion, color format conversion, frame rate conversion, flip and mirror, up to 2-channel IEC60958 audio streams, 5V 0.5A 2.5W, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell USB Capture 4K Plus 32090 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 limited by the bandwidth of USB 3.0, the maximum frame rate can only reach 30 fps when capturing}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell USB Capture 4K PRO
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell Pro Convert IP to USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|Captures one network eth NDI® High Bandwidth, NDI® HX2, NDI® HX3 sources or H.264/H.265 video source into software at resolutions up to 1080p60}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell USB Fusion 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|versatile USB video capture device that allows users to switch between two HDMI inputs and one USB webcam input for live presentations}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ROLAND UVC-01 USB Video Capture
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2020  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sunplus Innovation Technology Inc. MiraBox HSV321 ARX321 Video Capture device 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;ox1bcf
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2c99
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 uvc uac  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UGREEN CM716 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| uvc uac but disable HDCP on your source device (PS4/PS5, Xbox) }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VisionTek UVC HD60 Capture Card
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acer Aspire Crystal Eye AOA110 AOA150 0.3M 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2008 webcam }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Streamer CAM 313 (PW313) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2019 uvc 1080p/30 webcam}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Streamer DUO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2021 uvc 1080p/60 webcam}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://reviews.cnet.co.uk/webcams/creative-live-cam-optia-af-review-49294183/ Creative Live Cam Optia AF] 2.0M
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{no|2008 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DSLR macro extensions + a cheap 50mm E-Series lens + some PVC tubing and a negative holder 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes| if uvc camera chosen}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DSLR scanning using a macro lens, for the adapter, for a 3d printed negative holder) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes| if uvc camera used }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech C270 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0825
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|720p }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech C910 C920 HD Pro 5Megapixels 720p 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|Output mjpg 1080p}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech C920s c922 HD Pro 5Megapixels 1080p 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|Output mjpg 1080p}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Brio 100 300 500 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|}} 1080p 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech MX Brio 4k 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|4k}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft's LifeCam HD-3000 HD-5000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045e
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 0x0779
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.06
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft LifeCam Cinema 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft LifeCam Studio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} sony imx179 1080p 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pi 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} 1/2.8” Sony IMX291 image sensor, it's a 2MP, UVC-compliant, ultra-wide-angle, low light, high-speed USB 2.0 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} OV5648 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;razer kiyo 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} 4 megapixel sensor 1080p 30fps 720p 60fps - 12 led ring light adjustable 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TeckNet C068 1.3mpixel HTD USB2.0 Camera Vimicro Z-Star Corp 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0AC8
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 0x3420 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x01FA
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/wltechblog/thingino-installers/tree/main/wyze-cam-4 Wyze Cam V4] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H0QLiC9QoQU firmware]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no| verified with os04d10 sensor (i2c 0x3c) but not GC4653 (i2c 0x29)}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;YEALINK(XIAMEN) NETWORK UVC50 is compatible with the UVC 1.1 protocol CP960-UVC50 and CP960-UVC80 kits PTZ, CP960-UVC30 Kit is UVC 1.5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amcrest ProHD 1080P WiFi Wireless IP Security Camera - 1080P (1920TVL), [https://www.ispyconnect.com/man.aspx%3Fn%3DAmcrest IP2M-841] nvr 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} h264/rtsp, motion detection, features Sony image sensor and Ambarella processor - rtsp://[username]:[password]@[IPaddress]:[port]/cam/realmonitor?channel=[channel]&amp;subtype=[stream] - [username] - username to login to the DVR or NVR, [password] - password, [IPaddress] - IP address of the device. If you are not on the same local network, this should be the external IP address of the device's network, [port] - port number, [channel] - channel number of the stream, [stream] - view the Main or Sub stream. (main stream is 0, sub stream is 1) , eg. rtsp://admin:admin@192.108.1.108:80/cam/realmonitor?channel=1&amp;subtype=1 - utilizing RTSP ( rtsp://user:pass@ipcam1 )  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Axis all modern ones 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} RTSP/RTP + H264/mjpeg or MJPEG over HTTP
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PTZ 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DLink DCS-5222 5222L network camera 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} camera streams H.264 over RTP controlled by RTSP 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Dlink DCS900 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wansview 1080p [http://marc.merlins.org/perso/linuxha/post_2013-11-10_Reviewing-IP-Webcams-for-Linux-and-Zoneminder_Dlink-DCS900_-Ubnt-Aircam_-Foscam-FI8904W-FI8910W_-FFI9820W_-FI9821W_-Wansview-NCB541W_-and-Zavio-F3210.html#NCM625GA NCM625GA] IP Camera WiFi Wireless IP Security Camera , Full HD Plug n Play Home Surveillance / Baby Monitor 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} RTSP/RTP + H264/mjpeg - play its HD stream without problem with vlc rtsp://ip/live/ch0 and getting  jpegs http://ipaddr/mjpeg/snap.cgi?chn=0 - methods involve transcoding h.264 video from the camera into jpeg's, which is cpu intensive - able to pull images manually, using http://username:password@ip/mjpeg/snap.cgi - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wansview NCB541W
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avermedia Game Capture HD C281 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2011 standalone h.264 recording of up to component cable not hdmi but not uvc}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avermedia GL310 Live Gamer Portable (LGP Lite)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2014 not working usb2 and USB Lite no uvc}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avermedia AVerMedia Live Gamer Portable ([https://github.com/Trouffman/octv_gears_lgp Model C875])  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2014 usb2 no uvc}}   
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia LGX Live Gamer extreme GC550
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2015 but [https://github.com/ChrisAJS/lgx2userspace driver]}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia LGX2 Live Gamer extreme2 gc550 plus gc551 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2017 but [https://github.com/ChrisAJS/lgx2userspace driver]}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avermedia ExtremeCap UVC - BU110 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2017 maybe not uvc and uac}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer Portable 2 Plus GC513 Micro-USB Capture Box LGP2 Plus
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1513
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2017 powered by a standard Micro-USB cable, video capture output up to 1080p60 capture to hdmi in, standalone sd card recording on exFAT or FAT32 of .MOV, 2160p pass-through hdmi out to tv - no vrr - [https://www.avermedia.com/uk/support/download#ans_part firmware latest 2.1.7.13, 2.1.7.14], SN74AVC8T245 8bit, DRV604 stereo, iTE IT6663FN hdmi 2.0 splitter, TLV320DAC3101 DAC, CS42L73 audio codec, CDCE913 PLL clock, W29N01HVSINA nand bios, I-Catch V35MA SOC CPU 32bit MIPS24K, ADV7480 hdmi mhl, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer 4K LG4K GC573 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2018 not uvc but [https://github.com/derrod/lg4k-linux drivers here], }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Blackmagic intensity Extreme Capture Card
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2011 not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BlackMagic Intensity Pro 4k 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2015 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Video Capture (1VC108601000)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Game Capture 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc, mini usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Game Capture HD60 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Game Capture HD GCHD 2GC309901000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc https://github.com/tolga9009/elgato-gchd needs firmware mb86h57_h58_idle.bin and mb86h57_h58_enc_h.bin - mini usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato HD60S Elgato Game Capture 4K60 S+ Video Capture 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|non uvc, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;August EZCap.tv model 116 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }} poor audio recording 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;E-SDS Diamond Maplin 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge 1212 HD PVR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }} analog and component only - PlayStation (.m2ts), AVCHD (ts), or XBox(.mp4) recording formats - switched the component output from the default YPbPr to RGB. 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge 1431 1445 HD PVR Gaming Edition HDMI Capture 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2014 not working, can get warm}}  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge HD Rocket 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge HD-PVR2 (model 145210 Rev E4) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xE502
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge 1480 1482 HD PVR 2 GE Gaming Edition HDMI Capture green LED - 1498 1503 1504 Plus version with Mac support 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xe514 0xe524
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| can get warm - [https://ez.analog.com/video/w/documents/581/adv7482-design-support-files ADV7482] [https://patchwork.kernel.org/patch/9201075/ video chip] with Magnum DXT H.264 encoder blob, IDR keyframe generation poor - best for model 157210 and not 157221 and Game Edition Plus (model 157320) 2040:E505 E505-00-00AF1234 [http://www.hauppauge.com/site/support/linux.html#tabs-3 ]}} 
* HDMI: 1920x1080p50/60, 1920x1080i50/60, 1280x720p50/60, 720x480i, 720x576i, 640x480p60.
* Component: 1920x1080p50/60, 1920x1080i50/60*, 1280x720p50/60, 720x480p60, 720x480i, 720x576i.
* Composite: 720x480i and 720x576i 
* Audio Inputs : HDMI PCM and RCA support with Adjustable Bitrate Quality 2 Channel AAC/AC3 audio codec 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge 1512 HD PVR 2 PC blue LED with optical in input on the back 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xe525
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }} can get quite warm - IR Blaster added - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge Colossus2 E585-00-00AF4321 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xe585
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ion SLIDES2PC 35mm Portable Slide &amp; Film Scanner 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ion Pics 2 PC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ION PowerScan USB film and slide scanner
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2011 not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Koolertron Sunny 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FilmScan35 35mm Film Negative Scanner 1304 marks spencer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;U3 HD Capture 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/openrazer/openrazer Razer Ripsaw HD] Game Capture (RZ20-01780100)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2017 not uvc put in usb2 slot and use video BGR3 (Emulated) and OpenRazer drivers }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Ripsaw HD USB HDMI Capture Card 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1532
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0d01
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2018 not uvc compliant}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Silvercrest 35mm Photo Slide Scanner 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc but not great quality}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Z-Star Microelectronics Corp. Traveler TV 6500 SF Dia-scanner
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0ac8
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3370
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2010 not uvc and poor scans}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
|}


=== WebAR + WebVR = WebXR Headset ===

 AROS needs an usb based uvc.class to vhi like type driver for virtual display 

The primary engineering challenge of VR is motion sickness caused by a mismatch of visual and inner ear information, which is extremely well established as causing people to throw up in a wide range of contexts outside of VR. The experiences that make some people sick are low framerate. Foveated rendering doesn't solve vergence accommodation. Your eye will still be focused at infinity regardless of where you are looking, you'll just have the illusion that the foreground or background are out of focus. Eye tracking plus dynamic lenses (perhaps liquid lenses) or real light fields are necessary. 

First start with apps that have simple static features at first, then advance to dioramasa and teleportation options for 10, 20 minutes and then gradually upgrade over a timespan of four weeks to train your brain. Avoid smooth motion stuff like rollercoaster or mountain heights until much later. Even with this preparation, VR makes 40% of people seasick nausea. If so, you may be able to use VR glasses just to watch videos and some slow moving apps [https://www.emuvr.net/ emuVR] instead.

*2014-2019 1st Gen, low resolution, 
*2020-2025 2nd Gen, higher resolution, 
*2026-

Most hardware typically has a 1-3 year retail lifespan with 1-3 years of updates after. Really need &quot;right&quot; tethered PCVR rather than wireless. 
The advantage to being tethered to a PC is processing power. Any standalone headset is going to be running purely off of batteries.

VR and AR are known as XR

Technology will get immersed enough so not making people sick. Higher resolution, faster frame rates, and [https://github.com/opentrack/opentrack better tracking]. 
Eventually, hyper reality brings VR, AR and MR digital layers together as a less chaotic, optic tracking with no delay, agents understanding, experiences with objects 

3Dgs 4Dgs gassian splats bullet time slice photo snaps .ply for WebXR 

[https://lvra.gitlab.io/docs/hardware/ ], 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Big Screen Beyond 1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 pcvr 2560 x 2560, fixed IPD,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;bigscreen Beyond 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 pcvr oled 5120 x 2560 @75Hz 2688x2688 @90Hz over pancake lenses, 116 FOV, virtual screens, custom facial plate from iphone app, streamvr 2.0 basestations and controllers not included, no passthrough, 107g-196g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;bigscreen Beyond 2e 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 pcvr oled 5120 x 2560 total up to 90Hz pancake lens 116 FOV adjustable IPD app needed for adjustment, eye tracking, custom face mask cushion, streamvr 2.0 basestations and controllers not included, seperate head strap and speaker modules extra costs, 110g-300g }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Dpvr P1 Pro 4k Ultra Vr Headset 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 wireless snapdragon, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DPVR P2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Play for Dream MR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 android modular 3840x3552 uoled per eye 90Hz or qled mura issues, Arm snapdragon XR2+ Gen 2, eye tracking and 11 cameras 7 sensors 22 ir leds 14ms latency and foveated rendering, 1.5hrs battery, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Play for Dream GravityXR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 ultralight head gear gx100 3w }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://lvra.gitlab.io/docs/community/ Valve Index HMD] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 tethered PC VR headset 1440 x 1600 120Hz, 108° and 104° FOV, fresnel lenses, SteamVR2 compatible tracking ir basestations, controllers aka Knuckles, dp 1.2 and usb3 cable proprietary cable end, no battery, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Valve Steam Frame (Valve Deckard / Valve’s Index 2) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 - 2160 x 2160 up to 144Hz pancake lens, 108° and 96° FOV, wifi 6 fovelated streaming, Qualcomm Snapdragon 8 Gen 3 with [https://github.com/FEX-Emu/FEX fex] arm-to-x86 x64 translation layer, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PSVR2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 PCVR with adapter, two, one for each eye, 2000 x 2040 resolution OLED panels from 90Hz 120Hz refresh rates,  fresnel lenses, 116° and 102° FOV, sony proprietary headset cable end, needs additional comfort options, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VisionPro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Goertek glasses 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive ?
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| 2016 2x 1080x1200 needs external power supply, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Original 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 108° and 96° FOV}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 , uvc, at least 2 powered steamvr basestations so 3 to 5 wall warts in total, proprietary cable end, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Pro 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2017 dual 1440x1600 oled displays, 116° and 100° FOV - steamvr 2.0 basestation 2 for 5m2 area 4 for 10m2 - steamvr 2.0 joypads - low latency wireless later - type USB-c headphone adapter required, [https://github.com/CertainLach/VivePro2-Linux-Driver Rust on Linux] with [https://github.com/santeri3700/vive-pro-2-on-linux Shell], proprietary cable end, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lynx R1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 android Qualcomm Snapdragon XR2 Gen 1, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lynx R2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2026 company liquidated, 2 x 2312x2160 110 FOV pancake lenses, LynxOS android Qualcomm Snapdragon XR2 Gen, openxr 1.1, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Oculus Rift prototype development kit [https://www.virtual-boy.com/forums/t/the-oculus-rift-dk1-thread/ DK1] with [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X_T4DJyy2Bo wired razer hydra controllers]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2013 pcvr LCD 1280 × 800 resolution 640 × 800 per eye up to 110° FOV, and 3DoF rotational tracking via a 1000Hz 9-axis IMU (Accelerometer, gyroscope, and magnetometer), no positional optical tracking either inside-out or outside-in, 380g, nausea issues, , }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Oculus Rift prototype development kit [https://github.com/facebookarchive/RiftDK2/tree/master DK2], [https://www.ifixit.com/Teardown/Oculus+Rift+Development+Kit+2+Teardown/27613 ifixit teardown] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2014 pcvr, 5.7&quot; Super AMOLED display with a resolution of 960 x 1080 per eye 100° field of view, 1 usb Positional Tracker DK2 camera, lots of wires}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Facebook [https://github.com/thaytan/OpenHMD/tree/rift-kalman-filter Oculus Rift CV1] [https://noraisin.net/diary/?m=202201 some Linux support] [] [https://github.com/OpenHMD/OpenHMD/issues/330 AMD usb issues] [https://github.com/OpenHMD/OpenHMD/wiki/Xorg ] [https://github.com/Doc-Ok/OculusRiftCV1Camera Live Video] [https://www.youtube.com/@thaytan Youtube] [https://github.com/Fredrum/riftOnLinux Pi] [https://github.com/OhioIon/riftDriverPi ], but not quite there with the [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DSsCN6HFkWc consumer CV1], [https://forum.dcs.world/topic/142259-cv1-not-working-in-dcs/#comment-2878168 orange led could be HDMI Signal is not within HDMI Spec and might be Overclocked or usb3 not getting enough power frustrating],  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3031, 0x2031, 0x0031 and 0x0211 for 3p-a basestations lighthouses, 0x045e 0x02e6 for xbox wireless adapter 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2016 powered run from your PC maybe uvc via wired dual PenTile OLED 2160x1200 (1080x1200 per eye) @ exactly 90Hz but screen door effect (space between pixels), 87 FOV, IPD from 58mm to 72mm, good 3D audio and okay mic, constellation headset 6DOF (3-axis rotational tracking + 3-axis positional tracking) with up to 3 usb infrared basestation (1 in front and 2 behind pointing upwards) on usb3 and usb2 to your PC but the tracking can be fragile so set it up on a weekly basis, wired only HDMI 1.3, USB 3.0 bus powered with proprietary plug in headset, 470g 1lb front heavy, 2 robust 1st Gen touch controllers with external sensors i.e. outside-in - 1 aa alkaline over rechargable battery each , press occulus and B buttons for 2 secs to connect, headset traps air so gets very warm inside and random disconnects due to twisting action on the top of the headset and/or cables, t4 torx screws }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Facebook Occulus Go 32Gb 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2018 discontinued 2020 android based, Qualcomm Snapdragon 821 chipset (quad kyro with Adreno 530 gpu 3Gb RAM), single 5.5-inch LCD 2560x1440 or 1280×1440 pixels per eye and a refresh rate of 72 or 60Hz, 100 deg viewing angle, no inside-out and limited self tracking, micro usb, limited 2600mAh battery lasts under 2 hours at best, one wireless controller, not for gaming but very casual use, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Facebook Oculus Rift S [https://noraisin.net/diary/?m=202201 some Linux support] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0051 headset (cdc, audio, tracking data), 0x2052 usb hub, 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2019 PCVR wired dual LCD 1080 by 1200, 88 horizontal FOV, display port (fibre optic strands) and annoying USB3 copper cables (power, audio and other data) but proprietary port in the headset, cameras on the headset (&quot;inside-out&quot;) tracking so no base stations, non removeable head band and cushions and ipd hard to set, requires specific fragile Rift S/Quest1 2nd Gen Touch controllers which has a ring of translucent plastic with leds inside - t5 torx to disassemble for sticks drifting}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Facebook Occulus Quest 1 v50 50.0.0.198.257.455911078 / 49845030443200410 
*032Gb
*064Gb
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0183 (single adb boot), 0x0
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2019 android standalone wireless, 1440 x 1600 72Hz oled, front heavy though, play area 2m x 2m or bigger, low clocked Qualcomm Snapdragon 835 (MSM8998) (4x Kryo 280 Gold cores ARM Cortex-A73) + (4x Kryo 280 Silver A53), 2 to 3 hrs play time, 575g, 2nd Gen touch controllers, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meta Oculus Quest 2 KW49CM aka Codename Del Mar Hollywood [https://www.meta.com/en-gb/help/quest/967070027432609/ fragile 3rd Gen Touch controllers] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cgejky8ZeoM internal battery] and selling over 20 million, more than all other quest headsets combined 
*064Gb 
*128Gb (110Gb free) 
*256Gb 
Setup continuous wifi, create Meta Oculus account, [https://developers.meta.com/horizon/ verify dev account, click on My apps], [ create Organization -&gt; My Organization Groupings], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QPInS5xxF-0 finally, meta quest mobile app to switch on adb], 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x5010 (), 0x0083 (massstorage), 0x0086 (), 0x0186 (adb and xrsp [https://github.com/shinyquagsire23/xrsp_tests tests]), 0x0090 (composite adb), 0x0081 (), 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0419
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 android stand alone, lcd 1832x1920 per-eye 90Hz refresh rate, 97 FOV, fresnel lenses, 6DOF (degrees of freedom), 58-63-68 IPD settings, low clocked Arm snapdragon xr2 gen 1 (Kryo 585 octo 8core specific xr vr mr ar cpu, adreno 650 gpu and 3rd gen hexagon npu), b/w but no color passthrough, 6 t2 torx and 5 ph00 screws in headset (long bit), discontinued December 31, 2024, feature updates until December 2026, critical bug fixes and security updates until December 2027, 470g, Oculus + B button on right controller (move) and Menu + Y button on left controller (click) for about 3 seconds, 10W 5v 2a, RTL8153 chipset usb support, 
̈*V59 50670960048600150 
*V60 efuse OTP to prevent firmware bios reversal 
*V77 pcvr issues 
*V79 unable 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Facebook Occulus Quest Pro aka Codename Seacliff 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2022 android standalone wireless 1440 x 1600 72Hz oled, 106° and 96° FOV mini lcd local dimming, pancake lenses, limited eye tracking, play area 2m x 2m or bigger, higher clocked snapdragon xr2 gen 1 arm cpu Arm apps, 1 to 2 hrs play time, new pro controllers with 3 cameras each, battery at rear, wireless charging, color passthrough, 9V 3A or 5V 3A, 
*v77 capped wifi 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meta Oculus Quest 3 aka Codename Eureka [ Air Light ALVR] or [ WiVRn] with fragile touch plus q3 controllers 
*128Gb
*512Gb
streaming from PC with [https://github.com/alvr-org/Monado-ALVR ALVR], runtime of [https://monado.freedesktop.org/ Monado steamvr alternative openxr openVR], with Envision GUI, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 standalone, pancake lenses on lcd 2064 x 2208 res panel per eye 1200ppi - 104° and 96° FOV - up to 120Hz, Arm snapdragon xr2 gen 2 apps,  foveated rendering, Meta Link cable USB-C 3.2, headstrap clamshell or halo style, speaker arms fragile, color passthrough, 510g, 18W 9v 2A or 15W 5V 3A, 
*v74 ok 
*v76 pcvr issues 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meta Quest 3S aka Codename Ventura Panther  
*128Gb
*256Gb
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 Arm snapdragon xr2 gen 2 cpu (6core ), lcd 1832 x 1920 fresnel lenses, 97 FOV, headphone arms fragile, better air flow, no promixity sensor inside, Meta Link cable USB-C 3.2, passthrough, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meta Boba 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 ultra-wide 180° x 120° FOV, snapdragon XR2 G2,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meta Tiramisu 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027  µOLED displays with 90 pixels per degree,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax 5K Super Plus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax 8K
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2020  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax 8K-X 8KX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax Crystal Light 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 tethered to PC with 2160 x 2160 4k 120Hz, 115° and 96° FOV, inside-out tracking, no battery, display port cable, variable qc and customer service, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax Crystal Super 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 tethered to PC with 3640 x 3640 4k 90hz, 116°+ and 100° FOV,  eye tracking, inside-out tracking, no battery, display port cable, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax Dream Air with Lighthouse(s)  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 tethered 3840 by 3552 @90Hz micro oled with pancake lens, 100 HFOV 96 VFOV but FOV IPD changes in app, link box for headset 2 split y cables, removable face gasket, 290g, steamVR2 bases and controllers, eye tracking, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax Dream Air SLAM 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026  Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) tracking inside-out so no base stations,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://somniumspace.com/ Somnium VR One VR1] [https://portal.vrgineers.com/user-guide/software/ open source] VR headset
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 pcvr 2880 x 2880 per eye @90 @120Hz, 125° horizontal 100° vertical FOV, 2 x SteamVR 2.0 bases, passthrough, 900g }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Varjo Aero VR-1 Headset 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 psu needed, 2 x Mini LED binocular of 150 nits, 2880x2720 per, 90Hz, FOV 102° horizontal, 73° vertical, 720g with headstrap, 2 x SteamVR 2.0 basestations, no speakers/mic, hdmi and usb3.0}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Varjo Aero XR-3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Varjo Aero XR-4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Camelo La Melaza Music Shield 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2026 no usb only bluetooth ,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;InAir 2 elite suite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 ar  nits 46FOV , , 4h battery life, 80g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Oakley Vanguard 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RayNeo Air 3s 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 AR 100in 46FOV 650nits, usb-c 79g  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RayNeo Air 3S Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 AR 135in virtual display 46FOV 1200nits, usb-c 80g }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RayNeo Air 4 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 AR oled vision 4000 processing, HDR10, 47 FOV }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rokid Max 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 ar 147in 50 FOV 650nits, usb-c back left, 76g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rokid AI Spatial with Station 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 AR 600nits 147in 50FOV  75g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rokid 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| ar ai smart glass}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Viture Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 135in 46 FOV 1000nits, magnetic connector, 77g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VITURE XR Luma 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 ar 147in 1200p 50 FOV, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Viture Luma Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 152in 52 FOV 1000nits 1200p, 3dof, , 79g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Viture Luma Ultra 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 in  FOV, 2 cameras, 3dof 6dof,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/wheaney/XRLinuxDriver Viture Luma Pro] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Viture Beast 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 ar 1250nits 58FOV 174in, magnetic,  88g,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VITURE Beast X Glasses models (Immersive 3D Moonlight) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 based 2D to 3D conversion with support DP Alt Mode (DisplayPort over USB-C), 1200p, 3df tracking, practic lenses 58deg POV, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xreal One 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 ar 600nits, 50FOV, 3dof, usb-c 84g,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;XReal One Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 ar 700nits 57FOV 171in, usb-c, x1 3dof, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nreal now Xreal Air 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 , micro-oled 1080p, audio, virtual uvc ar displays, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nreal now Xreal Real3D 1S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 AI based 2D to 3D conversion 57 FOV, , virtual uvc ar displays not vr, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xiami XR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xtal 8k
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apple Vision Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2022 tethered AR mixed reality glasses,   3300ppi, 800g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Google XR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Focus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 standalone }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Focus Plus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 android with 2 1440 x 1600 75Hz amoled, inside-out, durable motion controllers, Vive port,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Pro EYE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2019 dual-OLED displays 2880 x 1600 combined resolution), SteamVR 2.0 tracking, foveated rendering, Tobii, it enables gaze-based menu navigation with avatar eye contact, proprietary cables, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vibe Cosmos 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2018  poor tracking and lifespan on controllers,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vibe Cosmos Elite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2020 1440x1700 per eye resolution, 90 Hz refresh rate, 6 DoF tracking, 2880 x 1700 combined pixel resolution, 97° FoV, two controllers and two base stations. Lighthouse tracking, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Focus Vision Wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Focus 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 per-eye resolution of 2448×2448 at 90 Hz, a 120-degree field of view, Qualcomm Snapdragon XR2 Gen 1,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive XR Elite VR Headset Deluxe Pack 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2022 snapdragon xr2 gen 1, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pico Goblin 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2017 android based, 2.5K 1280x1440 per eye @70Hz, 92° FoV, and 3DoF (three degrees of freedom) tracking (Orientation tracking only—yaw, pitch, roll), single controller, snapdragon 820, ipd adjustment 54-71 mm, 600g,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico G2 4K
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2020 android standalone VR headset, 3840 x 2160 (4K) LCD screen, Snapdragon 835 processor, 3DoF so rotational movement (looking around, pointing) rather than positional movement (walking, leaning), does not support hand or eye tracking, 800g }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico NEO 2 EYE
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2020 6DoF 360g snapdragon 845 display 4k 75Hz tracking inside-out - magnetic field for controllers - pico software on android 8 - eye tracking }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico Neo 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 Snapdragon XR2 Gen, 4K 3664 x 1920 90Hz lcd, battery at rear, displayport, Pico apparently emulates Oculus controllers, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico Neo 3 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico Neo 3 Link 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico 4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 2160x2160 panel per eye 75Hz 90Hz 105 FOV, Arm snapdragon xr gen 1, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico 4 ultra 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 2160 x 2160 @90 105 FOV, snapdragon XR2 G2, streaming from PC with alvr, wireless streaming from PC with WiVRn, Pico apparently emulates Oculus controllers, not plug and play, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico 5 aka Project Swan aka Vision Pro Competitor 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 micro-oled BOE 3840 x 3840 4000ppi per eye, MLA pancake lenses, custom pico arm cpu, pico os 6 android, eye and hand tracking, 300g,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung Galaxy XR VR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 3552 x 3840 @60-90 109 FOV , Arm snapdragon XR2+ Gen 2, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Shiftall MeganeX 8K 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 android  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://en.shiftall.net/products/meganex8k MeganeX Superlight 8K] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 android (3552 x 3840 pixels) into pixel count yields 27.27MP 10-bit HDR-compatible 4K resolution micro OLED panels @90Hz, pancake lenses 94 FOV, SteamVR™ tracking, 180g, 5V 2A, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://en.shiftall.net/products/meganex8kmk2 MeganeX 8K Mk2 MkII] [https://github.com/sboys3/CustomHeadsetOpenVR community] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 pcvr linux, 4K per eye (1.35inch micro OLED 3552x3840 10 bit HDR) 27MP @90Hz 75Hz 72Hz pancake, upto 108 hor 100 vert FOV, usb-c and dp cables to breakout box, 5V 2.1A, 200g}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Shiftall 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Shiftall 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acer Windows(TM) MR AH101 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 Dual 2.89” LCD panels 2880 x 1440 combined (1440 x 1440 per eye) Up to 90Hz (HDMI 2.0), or 60Hz (HDMI 1.4), Field of View FOV 95, Tracking Inside-out, lots of light leak, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acer H7001 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2017 wmr 1440 x 1440 per-eye resolution @90Hz refresh rate, and 100-degree field of view FOV, inside-out tracking with front-mounted cameras so no external sensors, flip-up visor design but has a &quot;screen door effect,&quot; subpar foam padding, win10 to win11 24H2,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Dell Visor Mixed Reality VRP100 VR118
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2017 2x 1440x1440 a bit of nose light leak }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fujitsu 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2017 cheap and lots of light leak }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/HadesVR HadesVR] with [https://github.com/ManoloMancelli/Persephone-Classic-Controller Persephone Controller]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HFaVjB1uNOM Persephone 3 Pro DiY 6Dof SteamVR Headset], 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HP Reverb G1 VR1000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 WMR 2160 x 2160 @90Hz, 115 FOV, , hp proprietary headset cable end, 2 camera tracking but poor and controllers can be unresponsive, 500g front heavy, flight sims rather than gaming,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HP 1440p Spatial Computing 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 dim display }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://forums.x-plane.org/forums/topic/294764-vr-in-linux-without-steam/ HP Reverb G2] WMR VR3000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2020 2 2160 x 2160 90Hz, needs Windows10 or Win 11 24H2, 4 camera tracking, controllers can be unresponsive, hp proprietary headset cable end, , }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HP 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mirage Solo is a Standalone VR headset
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 Qualcomm Snapdragon 835, 1280x1440 per eye resolution, 75 Hz refresh rate, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lenovo Explorer VR2511N (G0A2) VR windows mixed reality (WMR) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 LCD 2.89&quot; 1440 x 1440 per eye @90Hz, 6 DOF position tracking, 400g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/relativty/relativty open source relativty] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung MHD Odyssey XE800ZAA WMR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 9V 500mA oled screens 2x 1440x1600 with usb3 and hdmi cables but bluetooth dongle required }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung MHD Odyssey+ Plus WMR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 dual 3.5-inch AMOLED displays 2880 x 1600 total @90Hz, 6DOF inside-out tracking with usb3 and hdmi cables but bluetooth dongle required, use only win10 or win11 24H2,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PSVR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2016 2x 1080x960 up to 120Hz, lots of cables and computation brick, sony camera needed for tracking, ps4 or move controllers, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Virtuality 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|1992 , , Amiga 3000 with TI chips, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Virtuix Omni 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 VR treadmill changed course to commercial VR and pivotted back again 2020, }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


=== HDMI CEC transmitter and receiver ===

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


=== TV Remote Control MCE IR transmitter and receiver ===

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Compro K100 K300
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|need extra software support}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elitegroup Computer Systems
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1019
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0f38
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GMYLE MCE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|acts as usb-hid with limited keyboard like controls }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge WinTV-PVR kit
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Harmony 300 i300 600 650 800 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|need extra software support}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft MCE Commander 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2005 need extra software support}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft 1039 rev 1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2005 home top of square shape direction keys}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft 1039 rev 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2006 home under circle spaced direction keys}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft 1069 SMK Manufacturing, Inc
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0609
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0334 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2007 untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Philips RC1974506/00 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0471
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0815
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony RM-MCE10E PC REMOTE CONTROL VGN-AR21M VGX-XL100 VGN-AR21B/AR21S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony RM-MCE20E PC REMOTE CONTROL
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony RM-MCE30E PC REMOTE CONTROL VGN-AW21XY VGX-TP3E VGX-TP3G 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony RM-MCE50E PC REMOTE CONTROL VGC-LA2R 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TSDX-IR14 USB MCE Media Center External Infrared IR Receiver
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;chipsets support CIR (consumer IR) Winbond W83977F/AF, SMC IrCC 2.0 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|technical reasons it's not possible to use USB IrDA dongles}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zotac RC2604323/01G Zbox Media Remote Control with IR USB Receiver OVU710
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Anycubic Cobra 2 Max 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bambu Labs A1 Mini 3D printer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2019 EMS proprietary slicer app and cloud use, eSUN}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bambu Labs X1 Carbon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bambu Labs X2D 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creality K1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creality K2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creality 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elegoo 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lulzbot 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Prusa 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Qidi 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Snapmaker U1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 tool changer  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sovol SV08 Max
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| open source voron model, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;desktop pick and place machines AFARCO PNP running OpenPnP for Desktop SMT 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


==ethwrap.class - Host Data Link &quot;Cable Bridge&quot; for data transfer==

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Advance USBNET (eTEK design)
| 0x0525
| 0x9901
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| ALi Uli M5632 (chip)
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Aten (Ali Corporation) UN201
| 0x0402
| 0x5632
| 
| {{maybe|force binding from rawwarp to ethwrap}}
|-
| Belkin (eTek design see below)
| 0x050d
| 0x0004
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Digitus DN-3004 - USB Host Link
| 
| 
| 
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| EPSON USB client
| 0x0525
| 0x2888
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| eTEK
| 0x056c
| 0x8100
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| KC-190
| 0x050f
| 0x0190
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| GeneSys GL620USB
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no driver the half-duplex GL620USB is NOT supported, products using it include the Inland Pro USB Quick Link}}
|-
| GeneSys GL620USB-A
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Laplink Gold (uses NetChip 1080)
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Prolific 2301/2302 (Jaton USB ConNET) (BAFO DirectLinq) 
| 0x067b
| 0x0000 and 0x0001
| 0x0004
| {{maybe|detected but untested}}
|-
| Xircom PGUNET (uses AnchorChips 2720)
| 0x0547
| 0x2727
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}

==cdcacm.class - USB modem==

The CDC ACM driver exposes the USB modem as a virtual serial modem or a virtual COM port to the operating system. The driver enables sending both data and AT commands, either through ACM (separating data and AT commands over different channels) or through Serial Emulation (passing the AT commands as is and as part of the data stream).

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Alcatel OT-I650 
| 0x1bbb
| 0x0003
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Acatel Dymamode/Dynamite
| 0x06b9
| 0xa5a5
| 
| {{N/A|untested Zyxel Prestige 630-13 - untested PROLiNK Hurricane 8000 external link }}
|-
| AnyData ADU-100A ADU-E100A ADU-E100D ADU-E100H D10
| 0x16d5
| 0x6501
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| AnyData ADU-310
| 0x16d5
| 0x650
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| AnyData ADU-500A ADU-510A ADU-510L ADU-520A
| 0x16d5
| 0x6502
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| AnyData ADU-610 ADU-620
| 0x16d5
| 0x650
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| BT On-Air USB MODEM 
| 0x079b
| 0x000f
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Conexant USB MODEM CX93010 
| 0x0572
| 0x1321
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Conexant USB MODEM RD02-D400 
| 0x0572
| 0x1324
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Conexant Chipset 
| 0x06ea
| 0x0002
| 
| {{N/A|untested AUS N367 Roadster II 56 USB (Model AM5050R3) - untested }}
|-
| [http://accessrunner.sourceforge.net/ Conexant AccessRunner]
| 0x0586
| 0x330a
| 
| {{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Creative Modem Blaster USB DE5670
| 0x1690
| 0x0101
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| FIREFLY, MediaTek Inc
| 0x0e8d
| 0x0003
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Huawei E122
| 0x12d1
| 0x1446
| 
| {{yes|works}} [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?post_id=49126#forumpost49126]
|-
| Huawei E160, E160E, E160G
| 0x12d1
| 0x1003
| 
|{{yes|works}} [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?post_id=51888#forumpost51888] (Chipset: Qualcomm MSM6246)
|-
| Huawei E169 also known as Vodafone K3715 and Huawei K3715 
| 0x12d1
| 0x1001
| 
|{{yes|works}} [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?topic_id=4941&amp;forum=4&amp;post_id=44683#forumpost44683] (Chipset: Qualcomm MSM7200)
|-
| Huawei E220 &quot;Vodafone EasyBox II&quot; &quot;T-Mobile wnw Box Micro&quot; also known as Huawei K3565 
| 0x12d1
| 0x1003
|
| {{yes|works, see E169 above (Chipset: Qualcomm MSM6280)}}
|-
| Huawei E1750
| 0x12d1
| 0x1001
| 
| {{N/A|untested (Chipset: Qualcomm MSM6290)}}
|-
| Huawei E170, E172, E176 
| 0x12d1
| 0x1003
| 
| {{N/A|untested (Chipset: Qualcomm MSM7200)}}
|-
| Huawei E180
| 0x12d1  
| 0x1406
| 
| {{yes|Works (Chipset: Qualcomm MSM7200)}}
|-
| KYOCERA AH-K3001V 
| 0x0482
| 0x0203
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| LG CU515
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| MediaTek Inc GPS 
| 0x0e8d
| 0x3329
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Metricom GS Modem 
| 0x0870
| 0x0001
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Motorola MOTOMAGX phones 
| 0x22b8
| 0x6425
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Motorola Q Phone 
| 0x22b8
| 0x7000
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Hummingbird huc56s (Conexant) 
| 0x0572
| 0x1329
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Netcomm Roadster II 128 ISDN
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Nokia n70 N95 HSDPA
| 
| 
| 
| {{yes|works - see [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?start=0&amp;topic_id=4415&amp;viewmode=flat&amp;order=ASC here]}}
|-
| OGO
| 0x045E
| 0x0079
| 0090
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Olitec ADSL Modem V2 
| 0x08e3
| 0x0100 / 0x0102
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onda PT502HS 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x19D2
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0001
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Radicom V92HU-E2
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung i8510 Innov8 Symbian smartphone
| 0x04e8
| 0x6651
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{yes|works}} [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?start=0&amp;topic_id=5552&amp;viewmode=flat&amp;order=ASC&amp;type=&amp;mode=0] 
|-
| Samsung Tocco Lite (aka GT-S5230)
| 0x04e8
| 0x6795
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{yes|works}} [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?start=0&amp;topic_id=5552&amp;viewmode=flat&amp;order=ASC&amp;type=&amp;mode=0] 
|-
| Shiro / Aztech USB MODEM UM-3100 
| 0x0572
| 0x1328
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| ZyDAS 56K USB MODEM 
| 0x0ace
| 0x1602
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| ZyDAS 56K USB MODEM 
| 0x0ace
| 0x1608
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| ZyDAS 56K USB MODEM - new version 
| 0x0ace
| 0x1611
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Zoom Telephonics Model 3095F USB MODEM 
| 0x0803
| 0x3095
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Ugobe Pleo
| 0x6962
| 0x0100
| 0x0100
| {{Yes|Works}}
|}


==Misc==

palmpda.class - no [http://aminet.net/package/util/libs/PdaLinkPoseidon pdalink.library and tools] in AROS 

 Palm PDA (discontinued) synchronisation requires a port of pdalink.library and its tools through virtual usbpalm.device.

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Palm IIIx (OS3.1) serial rs-232 only
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Palm IIIc (OS3.5)
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Palm V
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Palm m100
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Palm m125 first USB - last with aaa batteries
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Palm m500 (OS4)
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Tungsten T (OS5) first arm cpu 
| 0x
| 0x
| 0x
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Zire 31 (OS 5.28) color arm-based
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| [[:w:Handspring (company)|Handspring Visor]] – USB support out of box
|
|
|
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Handspring Treo 600 – last one for [[:w:Handspring (company)|Handspring]] 
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Treo 700w
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
|}


bluetooth.class - needs Bluetooth (Viking King Harald &quot;Bluetooth&quot; Gormsson (Old Norse: Haraldr Blátǫnn Gormsson; Danish: Harald Blåtand Gormsen) stack to work (not written due to licensing fees to use the symbol merging the Younger Futhark runes for H (ᚼ) and B (ᛒ), representing Harald's initials)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
|}


ccid.class - Chip/Smart Card Interface Devices (not implemented)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;cyberJack RFID basis
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0C4B
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x9102
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0001
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}


dfu.class - DFU firmware upgrade
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iPhone 3, 4, 5, 5c 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x05ac
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1290 0x1292 0x1294
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 32bit use with caution could cause damage}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iPhone 5s, 6, 7, 8, X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x05ac
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 64bit use with caution could cause damage}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio/Midiman USB audio
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iPad 1, iPad 2 A1395 A1430, iPad 3, ipad mini A1432, iPad A1458 4th Gen (MD512LL/A),  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008-2013 32bit A4, A5 up to Apple A6X, iOS 1 to 10, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iPad Air (1st generation) A1474, A1475, A1476, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014-2015 [https://github.com/AsahiLinux 64bit], A7, iOS 11 up to 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 64bit A8, A8X, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 64bit A9, A9X, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 64bit A10, A10X, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 64bit A11 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iPad Air 3rd Gen A2153, A2123, A2154, iPad Mini 5th Gen, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 64bit A12 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


RocketTool (USB Rocket Launchers - Toy missile launchers)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;3px&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Original Launcher and StrikerII (includes laser)
| 0x1130
| 0x0202
| 
| {{yes|works }}
|-
| Dream Cheeky USB Missile Launcher or USB Cirus Cannon
| 0x1941
| 0x8021
| 
| {{no|no driver }}
|-
| Dream Cheeky USB Webcam Missile Launcher
| 0x1941
|
| 
| {{no|no driver }}
|-
| Rocket Baby
| 0x0a81
| 0x0701
| 
| {{no|no driver }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


DRadioTool (FM Radios - USB radio devices D-Link/Gemtek)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| D-Link DSB-R100 USB 
| 0x04b4
| 0x1002
| 0x0410
| {{yes|works }}
|-
| [http://www.neoseeker.com/forums/383/t257009-link-usb-dru-r100-radio/ GemTek USB FM Radio 21]
| 0x04b4
| 0x1002
| 
| {{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


UproarTool (Valencia MPX mp3 player and others)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;3px&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Korean D Square Valencia MPX-Player
| 0x04e8
| various
| 
| {{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}


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==Host Adapter Protocol USB1 OHCI UHCI USB2 EHCI USB3.0 USB3.1 xHCI ==

Please let us know any mistakes or any information to be added, use Prefs/Trident to confirm Vendor and Product IDs 
Please chat at [https://www.arosworld.org/index.php AROS World]

*1996 USB1.0
*1998 USB1.1
*2000 USB2.0
*2008 USB3.0
*2013 USB3.1
*2017 USB3.2


AROS has these USB transfers 

*Control     - 
*Bulk        - Midi 1.0 ( 'send my data when you can' )
*Interrupt   - Midi 2.0
*Isochronous - USBAudio, Webcams, etc 

Isochronous is the starting point of modern types of multimedia creativity. IsoChronous isoc code is already in place in poseidon.library and '''scheduled''' transfers are queued to be later rerouted in the host driver code (needs to be written for each host protocol e.g. OCHI, UCHI, EHCI and [https://cdrdv2-public.intel.com/625472/625472_xHCI_Rev1_2b.pdf#:~:text=Page%203.%20Document%20Number:%20625472%2C%20Revision:%201.2b.%203. XHCI rev1.2], [https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/content-details/868296/extensible-host-controller-interface-for-universal-serial-bus-xhci-requirements-specification-r2-0.html rev2], etc). There seems to be 2 types of isoc transfers, one is just the normal isoc transfer and the other is realtime implementation of isoc transfer. 

For isoc transfer there needs to be a scheduler that makes sure no isoc transfers are dropped (in or out) and that they happen at the right time. It all gets difficult as the device making use of the isoc transfer may be at any point on the device tree. One needs to calculate the USB bandwidth for the packet based periodic transfers that are initiated by the host which have fixed but guaranteed bandwidth. Host controllers guarantee this bandwidth by planning a schedule of transfers ahead of time to ensure there is enough time reserved on the bus.

[https://www.intel.co.uk/content/www/uk/en/products/docs/io/universal-serial-bus/ehci-specification.html EHCI] [https://www.thegoodpenguin.co.uk/blog/understanding-why-usb-isochronous-bandwidth-errors-occur/ bus-bandwidth] vs payload-bandwidth and the algorithm of the EHCI scheduler. 
The bandwidth of the endpoint in terms of payload data (stuff we put in a packet) and the protocol overhead, signalling imposed bit stuffing, host delays etc. 

Poseidon controls the driver and device tree and it provides an API to communicate with the USB devices. Poseidon really doesn't care much about what sort of transfer pipe is opened or used, it only provides the means to do so and forwards the iorequests to the correct driver. Poseidon code is the higher level code for USB communication and drivers are of course the lower level one.


[[File:Psd.svg|220px|right]]


; Best Hardware - NEC Chipset (OHCI + EHCI), Intel Chipset (UHCI + EHCI), XHCI USB3.0, USB3.1 &amp; gen 2 Type-A Type-B Type-C 
; Next Best Set - General OHCI, SIS (OHCI + EHCI), 
; Buggy Chipset - [ Early AMD OHCI], ALi OHCI, VIA UHCI, Nvidia OHCI &amp; EHCI, 


=== USB1.1 ===
OHCI USB 1.1 - USB-IF sanctioned standard but hardware physical form removed with USB2.0 and replaced with virtual emulation of USB1 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| ALi Agere M5273 A1 M5237 Lucent USS-312 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Maybe}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| StarTech PCI425USB, CompUSA Iogear GIC220U-b, Nvidia 220 mobo, USBA2041P, ALi SU2A-PS, 
|-
| AMD 756 Chipset (onboard motherboard) 
| 0x1022 
| 0x740c 
| 0x06
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| no [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?post_id=31308#forumpost31308 usb devices detected] Geode GX1, 
|-
| CMD DU-A2 Silicon Image 0670 (pci AMD chipset)
| 0x1095
| 0x0670
| 0x06
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| Silicon Image 0673 (pci AMD chipset)
| 0x1095
| 0x0673
| 0x06
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| Nvidia Nforce2 USB
| 0x10de 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Maybe|Bios options vary but does with Plop Boot}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| Tested with 20th Aug 2012 improvement 
|-
| NEC µPD720100AGM 
| 0x1033
| 0x0035
| 0x 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Unk}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Unk}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| untested - Amiga Spider card with possible bottleneck issues at higher speeds 
|-
| NEC µPD720101AGM 720101GJ
| 0x1033
| 0x0035
| 0x43
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| Mac mini, Belkin F5U219vea (2+1 ports), Belkin F5U220vea1 (4+1 ports), Adaptec 3100LP, BAFO BF-460, GWC UC-160, IOGear GIC250U, Keyspan U2PCI-5, O'toLink U2-C2B U2-C2A U2-P20N U2-P50, Ratoc PCIU5, USBWholesale UII-PCIP 
|-
| NEC µPD720102
| 0x1033
| 0x00
| 0x 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Unk|untested }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Unk|untested }}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| Opti 82C861 2-port 
| 0x1045
| 0xc861
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| no USB devices detected - Belkin F5U005, 
|-
| SIS 7001 OCHI 
| 0x1039
| 0x7001
| 0x0f
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 20th Aug 2012 - not booting stalls on GRUB word with Plop Boot 
|-
|}


UHCI USB 1.1 - Intel standard but since 2009 no hardware support as USB2 introduced virtual emulation of USB1 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Intel 
| 0x8086 
| 0x
| 0x01 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No|not in bios use AROS floppy disc boot}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| Intel 82371AB EB MB PIIX4 
| 0x8086 
| 0x7112
| 0x01 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No|none in bios use other booting options}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|Detects most devices}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|most devices but not RTL8187b WG111v3 blue led not on and does not work}}
|  
|-
| Intel 82801DB/DBL/DBM (onboard i830 mbd)
| 0x8086 
| 0x24c4 
| 0x01 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Yes|but not from bios but floppy options}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Yes|}}
| RTL8187b WG111v3 blue led on and although device has software failure and recoverable error IT STILL WORKS. Fresh start sometimes needs Network Prefs Saved to work. 
|-
| VIA MVP4 (onboard mbd)
| 0x1106
| 0x30
| 0x40 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|most devices}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|most devices but not wireless options}}
| RTL8187b WG111v3 detected but blue led not on and does not work 
|-
| VIA VT82xx (onboard mbd)
| 0x1106
| 0x3038
| 0x40 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|most devices}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|most devices but not wireless usb}}
| RTL8187b WG111v3 blue led on but does not work 
|-
| VIA VT6202 (VIA VT83C572)
| 0x1106
| 0x3038
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|}} 
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| A-Best USB-200, Cables N Mor USBPCI, CompUSA, D-Link DSB500, Digital/Research DRUSBCARD, Kouwell IOFlex 580, StarMount USB VIA, 
|-
| VIA VT6112 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| VIA VT6212 (pci card)
| 0x1106
| 0x3038
| 0x61
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 2011 seems to have issues with other identical via based USB controller(s) present 
|-
| VIA VT6214L 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
|}


=== USB 2.0 EHCI ===
The USB-IF insisted on only one implementation of EHCI but it creates 4 virtual hcd to cover USB1.1 support. The virtual HCD on Intel and VIA EHCI controllers are UHCI. All other vendors use virtual OHCI controllers. Hardware EHCI USB2.0 ended in most chipsets in 2014/5 and is now virtual through most newer USB3.0 chipsets 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| ALi Agere M5273 A1 Lucent USS-344 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| {{N/A|untested}} belkin F5U006, 
|-
| Nvidia Nforce2 USB
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| Intel 82801DB/DBM (onboard mbd)
| 0x8086 
| 0x24cd 
| 0x01 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| NEC µPD720100AGM 
| 0x1033
| 0x00E0
| 0x 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| {{N/A|untested - Amiga Spider card}}
|-
| NEC 72101 GJ
| 0x1033 
| 0x00e0 
| 0x04
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| Belkin F5U219 VEA1 (pci), 
|-
| SIS ECHI 
| 0x1039
| 0x7002
| 0x00
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|issues about which port is used if it works at all}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| VIA VT6202 
| 0x1106
| 0x3104
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| VIA VT6212 (pci card)
| 0x1106
| 0x3104
| 0x62
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes|detects}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
|}


=== USB 3.x SuperSpeed SS (Speed 5Gbit/s 3.1 gen 1) aka xHCI eXtensible ===

USB Attached SCSI (UAS or UASP) is a protocol used for high-speed data transfer between computers and external storage devices like SSDs, HDDs, and some flash drives. It provides up to 70% faster read/write speeds than traditional Bulk-Only Transport (BOT) by allowing multiple commands to run in parallel, rather than waiting in a queue

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fresco Logic FL1000 FL 1000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1B73
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1000 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;link power management (LPM, USB 3.0 power saving) cannot be disabled so random connection issues  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fresco Logic FL1009-200 FL 1009 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1009 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Orico PFU3-2P
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fresco Logic FL1100-100 FL 1100SX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1100 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;LPM cannot be disabled so issues with disconnecting WD drives etc - CalDigit, ORICO PFU3-2P, FASTA-6GU3 Pro, inatech KTU3FR-2P 2 port USB 3.0,  and Inateck KT4004 (KTU3FR-4PA rev B2) for storage and hubs, etc 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fresco Logic FL1400 FL 1400 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1400 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fresco Logic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NEC Renesas xHCI µPD720200 uPD720200a chip
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1d6b
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0194
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|no USB3 but seems to works like USB2}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;recognized but not supported for USB3 but works like USB2 - ORICO PRU3-4P 4 Port USB, early Dell Wyse zx0 thin client,  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NEC Renesas xHCI µPD720201 uPD720201 chip
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x114 0x0115 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;recognized but not supported 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NEC Renesas xHCI µPD720202 uPD720202 chip
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1912 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0015
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;recognized but not supported 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.ti.com/product/tusb7340 TI] tusb7340 TUSB732 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8241
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;recognized but not supported Koutech IO-PEU436 but only one with open docs 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel xHCI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;recognized but not supported - integrated since Ivybridge 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel xHCI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Marvell 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Via Labs VL800 xHCI 0.96 support in VL800, VIA VL811 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3432 0x3438 0x3515 and 0x9201
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}} 2.0 backwards support 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Anker 68UPPCIE-2S20PU 2 port, Plugable 4-Port, GA-z77x-ud5h rev. 1.1 mobo, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Via Labs VL811+ 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Via Labs VL812 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;xHCI 1.0 support in VL805 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


USB 3.1 (power up to 100W and data 10Gbit/s USB 3.2 gen 2 - USB-A Full size plug - USB-B micro USB size - USB-C reversible) 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asmedia ASM1142 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1B21 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Connector: USB Type C and  USB Type A x 1 - Ugreen USB C PCI Card 2 Port USB 3.1 Type C 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Marvell 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel xHCI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[ Intel] Revision 1.8 1.9 Updated  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VLI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;AUKEY 4 Ports USB C , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Startech - PEXUSB312C - 2-port Usb 3.1 10Gbit/s
|-
|}

USB 3.2 (power up to 100W and data 20Gbit/s gen 2x2 - USB-A Full size plug - USB-B micro USB size - USB-C reversible) 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Marvell 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel xHCI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[ Intel] Revision 2.6 Update  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VLI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}

=== USB 4 (40Gbps thunderbolt, pcie 3.0 tunnelling, ) ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Marvell 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMD Ryzen7 6800U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel Goshen Ridge JHL8440 Controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VLI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{N/A|}}
|  
|-
|}


== hid.class (Human Interface Device) ==

=== Keyboard ===

 Some multi-finger touchpad support works but not on all touchpads  

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8BitDo Retro N C64 edition Keyboard, the super button accessory and optional N30 mouse
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 87 keys Kailh white}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8bitdo 108 Retro Mechanical Keyboard (white kailh) and two superbuttons (green) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Apple Pro Keyboard
| 0x05ac
| 0x0205 
| 0x0122
| {{yes|works (its two hub ports) but mouse scroll wheel issues}}
|-
| Apple Pro Keyboard
| 0x05AC
| 0x020B 
| 
| {{yes|works (two onboard ports also)}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Aigo K68 60% red switches, A68 A87 wireless 2G 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://amigakit.leamancomputing.com/catalog/product_info.php?cPath=49&amp;products_id=973 AmigaOne Keyboard]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akko TAC87 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 80% TKL }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akko MonsGeek FUN60 PRO&amp;MAX HE
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 60% hall effect }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akko 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 hall effect, good but expensive and software poor}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akko 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arteck HW197 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 keyboard and touchpad combo, aluminum frame, aa battery }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Azio Cascade 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Chilkey ND75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024  good 75% expensive}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Chilkey ND104 (Wuque Studios) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 premium clicky (WS Blue) or silent (WS White) key options with Ansi and ISO formats also numpad and calculator, aluminum machined, tri mode, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2026 untested magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Corsair K65 Mech MX no numeric keypad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Corsair CH-9000045 K70 Blue MX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Corsair K90 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Corsair K95 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Corsair K
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cherry G80 G80-3000L[x]C[yy]-[z] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cooler Master CM Storm Quickfire Rapid 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Corsair K100 Air 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 okay low profile but expensive 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Dell SK-8135 Dell USB Keyboard for Internet and Multimedia rev H for Dimension 4500, Dimension 8250, OptiPlex GX260n, OptiPlex GX60n, Precision 350 (R42232) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x413C
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2010 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes| usb1.1 keyboard hub 0x413C 0x1003 works as well - multimedia keys not mapped }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Deepcool KG722
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 65% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ducky Channel Zero DK2108 Mech Mechanical Cherry MX Red 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ducky Shine 3 Brown or Blue (DK9087) MX keys 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Das Keyboard Model S Ultimate 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker Cidoo V75 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x3151
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker rt100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 plastic build and no screws, numpad with small 0, mostly quiet seasalt switches, gimmick usb-c 1in screen}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EPOMAKER TH99  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }} USB-C full numpad keyboard 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;eopmaker P75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| expensive but good}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;eopmaker p87 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| expensive but good}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker x Leobog Hi75
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker x Feker Galaxy80
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker x Galaxy100 gmk/via 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 good 96% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker Aula F75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 budget version good 75% choice of 4 leobog switches}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;eopmaker Tide75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 good 75% and not too expensive}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker Ajazz AK992 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 109 key }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker Ajazz AK820 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker Ajazz AK35I V3 MAX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 104 keys - two models: wired and tri-mode connection - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker Aula F108 PRO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 pricy but okay 100% but only leobog graywood switches but hotswap available afterwards}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;eopmaker Ajazz AK980 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 97 keys }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker G87 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker RT82 RT85
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker RT100 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 96% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker x Galaxy100 lite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 good 96% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ATTACK SHARK X98 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 98% maybe silent linear feel with Two-color PBT keycap}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker ATTACK SHARK X68HE and X65HE 65% Wired Gaming Keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x3151
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x502D
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|2025 tested on Aros running on Raspberry Pi wired usb-c with magnetic hall effect keys}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Filco Ninja Majestouch-2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focus FK-760 Wireless Keyboard &amp; Trackball
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{yes|works}} but quality build issues raised 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GMMK Tenkeyless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested  default Gateron Brown switches for Kailh Box Jades default Gateron Brown switches for Kailh Box Jades}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GK61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GMK67 GMK87 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested budget good option}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hengchangtong HCT Limeme gk103s Entry Keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0xC0F4
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0009
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|half Keyboard left side only}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hexgears M2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 untested hotswap kaihl green switches}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hexgears 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Iqunix mq80
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 good 75% low profile keys
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Iqunix Magi65 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested good 65% low profile keys }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iqunix ez60 ez80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 untested specific hall effect switches - actuation point, rapid trigger, etc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Jomaa YiChip Wireless 50% key with touchpad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x3151 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3000
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|dongle detected, keys and pad not working - 2 AAA NM}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron q0
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2022 untested numpad only}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron q1 v1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2022 untested okay}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron Q6 Max 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 untested 75% with numeric numpad, barebones so choose switches and keycaps to suit }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron q1 MAX V1 MAX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 untested }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron Lemokey P1 QMK 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested best option to customise switches and keycaps}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron LemoKey X1 X3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 untested keycap swap only not switches}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron K2HE
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested okay}} wireless hall effect analogue on all keys 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron K4HE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 untested hall effect but software }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron K5 K17 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 untested okay low profile but }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron Q5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron K10 HE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kiiboom Breeze 75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 good 75% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meletrix Boog 75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 magnetic hall effect, good but expensive and software poor}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Melgeek O2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 low profile 75% but not repairable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOSART 2.4G Wireless 60% Keyboard Trackball 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x062a
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x4105
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|dongle recognised HID, keys worked, roller worked, scroll wheel works and shoulders works but buttons around left, top and right hand side (RHS) do not work and plastic and 2 AA MN1500}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mucai SiGma Micro MKA610 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1c4f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0084
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| unknown red keys - rgb backlighting - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://hjldemo.clsc.cn/ Guangzhou Zhentian Electronics Ltd] Perixx Periboard 505 Plus with Trackball 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|okay dome keyboard - poor trackball}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Guangzhou Zhentian Electronics Co., Ltd Perixx Periboard 706 Plus with Trackball Wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|generally okay dome with good sized keys but piano black surround fingerprint magnet, occasional brief trackball freezes after no use, takes some time to get used to the trackball size}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Perixx Periboard-716 Wireless (Chicony)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;04f2:1013
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|okay dome keyboard and trackpad}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Perixx Periboard-
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Perixx Periboard-
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lenovo SK-8825 41A5327 SIL12-W07 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;works manufactured for 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lite-On USB NetVista Full Width Keyboard 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x04b3
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3025
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;works 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech K320 Wireless Keyboard 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|The Logitech USB Unifying, Bolt, Lightspeed, or Nano receiver pairing}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech K340 Wireless Keyboard 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|The Logitech Unifying Receiver pairing}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech K400
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.logitech.com/en-us/product/wireless-touch-keyboard-k400r Logitech Wireless Touch Keyboard k400]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt; 0x046D
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 0xC52B
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt; 1201
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{yes|All (including multimedia) keys work. Some keys requires remapping with Trident. Touchpad works and acts as normal mouse. Presents itself in Trident as USB Receiver from Logitech with 3 HID bindings}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech K400 Plus K400+ 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech K600 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech TK820 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech TK830 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G915 TKL
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard TKL means no number pad}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lofree Lite84 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lofree Flow Lite100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 silent switches and low profile keys}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MACHENIKE K500 Wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 94 keys untested Hot Swappable 94 Keys 90% Layout }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MechLands Vibe99 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 100 keys untested Gasket-mounted Wired/Bluetooth/2.4GHz Wireless Mechanical Keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Comfortable Curve 2000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no| recognized but not supported}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Natural Ergonomic Keyboard 4000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|recognized but not supported}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Wireless Media Desktop 1000 (1356)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045e
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x00f9 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|working but not mouse part}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Niz Micro84 Duo82 X87 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 electro capacitive }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;nuphy gem80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| expensive but good}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;nuphy kick 75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 low profile 75% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;nuphy Air75 V3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025  75% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;nuphy node 100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 96% layout, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Qpad MK-50 MK-80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Qpad MK-90 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Chroma 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1532
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0203
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://openrazer.github.io/ Razer] Lycosa 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Blackwidow 2013 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  Cherry MX Blue  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razr Blackwidow Ultimate 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  Cherry MX Blue  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Blackwidow V4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  Razer Orange keys }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Blackwidow V4 Low Profile 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  Razer  keys }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Blackwidow V4 Pro 75% 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  Razer  keys }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Cynosa Lite V2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;1532
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x023f
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer DeathStalker 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer HuntsMan 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Ornata 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Orbweaver Chroma Keypad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1532
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0207
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Tartarus Keypad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  not hall effect and very expensive}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Redragon K668 RGB Gaming Keyboard Wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 untested 108 Keys Mechanical Keyboard w/Extra 4 Hotkeys Upgraded Hot-swappable Socket，Red Switch}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Redragon K689 PRO Wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 untested Gasket RGB Gaming Keyboard, 108 Keys Mechanical Keyboard w/Extra 4 Hotkeys, Upgraded Hot-swappable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rii K22
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 keyboard trackpad combo, non replaceable lithium battery, very compact}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Risophy 60
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 75% mechanical, hotswap so okay for price untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Risophy 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Royal Kludge RK65 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested cream switches }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SINO WEALTH Gaming KB SkyLion K68 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x258a
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x003a
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| blue stalks with rgb lighting}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SKYLOONG GK104 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested gateron }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SteelSeries 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TeckNet x300 2.4G Keyboard Mouse MosART 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x062A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x4101
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0312 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|1 AAA for each and works well - mouse slightly better built than keyboard rubberised membrane}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TeckNet X331 HDE 2.4G Keyboard wireless RCMCU 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0C45
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7000
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0001
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|wireless can be glitchy but few extra keys are mapped }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TeckNet X500 2.4G Keyboard Mouse MOSArt 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x062A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2901
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0112 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|works well especially large touchpad - usual rubber domed membraned keyboard mechanism }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tecware Specter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested good 75%}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Unicomp Model M USB 104 key 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }} IBM's and later Lexmark buckling spring switches 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Varmilo Minilo Bluebell (prestige silent) and Eculapytus (violet tactile)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 75% plastic build no screws not great to mod}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Varmilo Sword 68 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| expensive but good}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Varmilo 98 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 expensive but good and Kailh silent}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Weikav Velocifire Choice65 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Weikav Velocifire Lucky65 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wobkey Rainy 75
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x320F 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x5055
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 good 75% but not as expensive CNC Aluminum HMX/JWK/Cocoa Switches}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wobkey Crush 80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x320F 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x5588 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wobkey Crush80 Reboot Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x320F 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 very good but expensive Aluminum Hotswap Wireless RGB}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wobkey Rainy 75 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x320F
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wooting HE60 HE80 HE90 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 hall effect but expensive with good software}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Womier WK61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2021 untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Womier Sk71 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Womier Sk75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Womier Sk75 TMR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025  hall effect }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xenta White Wireless HK6718B+HM3302--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|works with Raspberry Pi untested on AROS native}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xinmeng X87 MAGIC_REFINER 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 untested keycap swap but not hotswapable switches}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yunzii AL66 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| milk switches, cherry PBT, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yunzi B75 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 budget good with cocoa cream switches }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yunzii AL75 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|good budget option with  swappable switches,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yunzii AL80
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 switches }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yunzi C75 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 budget good with  switches }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}

&lt;pre&gt;
linear  - creamy
tactile - thocky
clicky  - clacky 
&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;pre &gt;
Cherry MX Black are linear switches (no feedback); good for gaming. 
Cherry MX Red are linear (less noise no click) but more squishy; 
Cherry MX Brown are in between Blue and Red in style and tactile; 
Cherry MX Clear switches have soft tactile feedback (with no click). 
Cherry MX Blue have tactile feedback with a click (noisy); good for typing. 

Gateron Yellows KS-3, KS-3x47 or better Pros have a milky top and black bottom and linear 

TTC Silent Frozen v2. Linear and dead silent 
Mouse the huano brown with yellow dot for silent mouse clicks
Kailh red dust proof encoder for smooth and close to silent scrolling
Boba U4 Silent Tactile switches
Husky linears

HMX 
&lt;/pre &gt;


=== Mouse ===

if the USB mouse is non-functional put a USB pendrive in before or add the following to user-startup in '''s''' drawer/folder/directory

 sys:prefs/trident NOGUI &gt; NIL:

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; | Brand
! width=&quot;20%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; | Model
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| 3Dconnexion 
| 3D Mouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;[http://www.3dconnexion.com/products/spacenavigator.html SpaceNavigator]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| 3Dconnexion 
| 3D Mouse
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;SpacePilot Pro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| 3Dconnexion 
| Mouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;SpaceExplorer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| 3Dconnexion 
| Wireless Mouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;SpaceMouse 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;3D Optical 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wired 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0000:3825
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Belkin
| Combo mouse
|
| 0x05FE
| 0x0011
| Low 0100
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Cytec
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wired Mouse Gaming 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;R.A.T 5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Dell
| Mouse
| MO56UC
| 0x413C
| 0x3200
|
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;equatech / clone logitech  
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;wireless mouse
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;49779 / M185 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt; 3151:2020 later 3151:3020 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{Yes|detected and works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Hama
| RF Optical Mouse
| AM-6000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Keychron 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;M3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Keychron 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;M5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Keycron 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical Wireless 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;M6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested 1k polling and 16k dpi }}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Keychron 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical Wireless 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;M7
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested barebones 1k polling and 16k dpi, great for small hands, loud clicks}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;LogiCAD 3D
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;3D Mouse
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Magellan 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech
| Cordless Desktop Navigator 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{No|The Logitech Unifying Receiver pairing}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech Inc.
| First/Pilot Wheel Mouse
| N48/M-BB48 M-BE58 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech
| Wireless mouse
| [http://www.logitech.com/en-roeu/mice_pointers/mice/devices/5484 M305]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech
| Wireless RF Mouse
| MK710
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{No|The Logitech Unifying Receiver pairing}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitach
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;G304
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 very clicky}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless Mouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;MX Master Anywhere 2S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{No|untested}} micro USB charge port on front 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;M220 silent touch MR0085
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2018 needs usb dongle - quiet clicking }}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech Logi 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;MX Master 3S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{No|2021 untested usb-c bluetooth, inbuilt battery but muted clicks}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitach
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;G502 X Plus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2022 very clicky}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;M240 silent touch MR0105  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|2022 no dongle as bluetooth enabled but could work with Logi Bolt USB Receiver - 1 aa battery - quiet clicking}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;MX Master 4 MXM
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Bluetooth usb-c dongle, inbuilt lithium battery}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Brand
| Description
| Model
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Maxxter 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;248a:8566
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Maxxter 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;248a:8518
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;OrzerHome Maxxter 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;248a:8514
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested 1 aa with no on/off switch }}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Microsoft
| Wheel Mouse optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Microsoft
| Sidewinder Mouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Microsoft
| IntelliMouse Explorer USB optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Microsoft
| Wireless Optical Mouse 2000
|
| 0x045E
| 0x00F9 
|
| {{no|not working see keyboard Media Desktop 2000 above}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Microsoft 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;1461 1447 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{No|usb dongle matched to one mouse only no others}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Orochi 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Mamba 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Naga
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}} 17 buttons 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB Optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Naga Hex V2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}} MOBA Gaming Mouse, Professional Grade 16,000 DPI Sensor - RGB lighting 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB optical 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;DeathAdder 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Viper 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Basilisk V3 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested 1k polling, 35k dpi, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Trust
| Slimline Lasermouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| SteelSeries 
| Tobii EyeX EyeMobile PCEye 
| Eye Tracking Control 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}} gaze interaction track technology for augment augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;The Eye Tribe Tracker 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Eye 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB Optical Mouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;MV3000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x192f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0916
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|}

=== Trackball ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;3Dconnexion SpaceBall 5000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}} Labtec designed and rolled into new company 3dconnexion 2001 by owners Logitech 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ACCO Kensington Orbit optical F1233A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kensington Turbo Mouse 64210
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Clearly Superior Technologies. Model:CST 1000-RC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Trackman Marble Mouse Wired USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Cordless Trackman Wheel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Optical Trackman T-RB22 - Cordless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech M570 wireless
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Trackball Mouse Optical 1.0 USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft X05-87473 Trackball USB Optical 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}


=== KVM ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NanoKVM 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}


=== Gamepad ===

Controllers have mostly decided that the left analog joystick is keyboard equivalent of WASD and right joystick is your mouse. You also have 2 bumpers above the triggers. Shoot could be right trigger (so it doesn't involve taking your thumb off the right joystick). Face buttons for reloading or jump or other non-critical functions. Crank up the sensitivity and practice. 

Testing can be done with the TRIDENT Prefs, [https://devicetests.com/controller-tester html5], [https://greggman.github.io/html5-gamepad-test/ html5], or [https://gamepad-tester.com/ Tester]


==== Dinput Poseidon Default Plugin - Playstation(TM) style ====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;35%&quot; |Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Merge with USB on Digital Pad
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Betop Betong Bat D2E BTP-BD2E XD4D2E
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gravis Eliminator Gamepad Pro USB  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;047d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;4005
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 2d only 
|-
| Hama Black Force USB Gamepad
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 psx clone look 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Jess Tech Game Elements Philips GGE909 PC Recoil Pad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TCbAmIhj6P4 Logitech Wingman Precision USB] G-UC3B 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{N/A| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 no 3D but good for 2D retro games like Turrican II
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Wingman Action Pad G-UB3A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe|untested }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 1 blue lucid translucent - thin analog stick N64 type - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Wingman RumblePad UB05B
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc20a
| 1.12
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 twin blue analogue sticks N64 type - poor 2d controls with single molded blue piece - vibration feedback - single shoulder buttons with throttle control below right one 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Wingman Cordless RumblePad G-RA4A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc211
| 1.12
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe|untested }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2001 twin blue analogue sticks N64 type - poor 2d controls with single molded black piece - vibration feedback - dual shoulder buttons L1 L2 R1 R2 with blue throttle control below right one - 4 aa mn1500 batteries; life not great - C-UD10A usb dongle - overall big and bulky 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Precision Wired G-UG15
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{N/A|N/A}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 psx styling blue outer shell - no 3D analog and no shoulder buttons - no rumble 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Cordless Precision G-X2E14A
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{N/A|N/A}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 ps2 styling blue outer shell - no 3D analog and no shoulder buttons - no rumble 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G-X5C11A Cordless Precision Wireless Controllers
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{N/A|N/A}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 psx styling black outer shell - no 3D analog and no shoulder buttons - no rumble 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.testfreaks.co.uk/game-console-accessories-controls/logitech-dual-actiontm-gamepad/ Logitech Dual Action] 
* G-UD8 has no mode (2D only?) button and no rumble 
* G-UF13A later 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0xc2
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes|[http://www.morphzone.org/modules/newbb_plus/viewtopic.php?topic_id=7018&amp;forum=12 G-UF13A tested only]}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 New body shape psx style - dual analog 3D sticks - 4 small travel shoulder triggers no 5,6,7,8 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech RumblePad 2 G-UF13
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc218
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.00
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 usb wired light blue top/black base - twin analogues 3D along with dual short travel shoulder buttons - rumble present - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech RumblePad 2 Cordless 
* G-RC?? OLD version that take FOUR batteries and RED Logitech logo 
* G-RC14 uses TWO batteries has an ORANGE logo - dongle C-UE10 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc219
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0200
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 wireless may have to remove 1 battery - G-RC?? 5 + 7 buttons - G-RC14 use buttons 6 + 8 to reset sticks - replace battery and push large button on receiver - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech F310 Wired Dual Action G-U0001 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc21
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes|D mode switch}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 best option for old usb wired style dual analog 3D with pc-xbox/psx switch on back (only D works) - both rear shoulder RT LT buttons have excess travel - no rumble vibration - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech F510 Wired G-UG0002 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc21
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 dual analog with dual xbox pc/psx X/D switched compatibility modes - 
|-
| Logitech F710 Wireless / Cordless RumblePad 2 G-R0001 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc219
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;3.05
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe|Mouse only not joypad}} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 When switch on top set to D and nano receiver for each controller to pair - 2 aa mn1500 batteries required - rumble support sometimes - rear back shoulder buttons excessive travel needed - does have rubber backing that becomes sticky - 
|- 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Megaworld 'TIME' USB pad
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0735
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x9902
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;Low 0100
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No |}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 Poor quality
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft 
* SideWinder Precision Pro USB (1997)
* SideWinder Precision 2 (1998)
* Game Pad Pro (1999)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Sidewinder Game Pad USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; possible setup first 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Sidewinder Gamepad X04 Freestyle 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{N/A}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} 1998 might need USB adapter 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Sidewinder X05 63895 92626 Flight stick
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{unk| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|2000 [https://ae.amigalife.org/index.php?topic=929.msg11309#new tested]}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Sidewinder Flight Stick X08-58736 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft 
    Plug &amp; Play Game Pad (2000)
    SideWinder Joystick (2000)
    Game Pad 2.0 (2001)
    SideWinder Force Feedback 2 (2002)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 long-standing static buildup problem and Force Feedback 2 was the removal of the power brick 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| Saitek [http://www.testfreaks.co.uk/game-console-accessories-controls/saitek-ps1000/ PS1000 Cyborg V.1], [http://www.testfreaks.co.uk/game-console-accessories-controls/saitek-ps2700-rumble-pad/ PS2700] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 no rumble function 
|- 
| Saitek [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xG0v-hf6ZPA P2600] [http://compactiongames.about.com/od/hardware/tp/gamepads.htm P3600], 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 no rumble function
|- 
| Saitek P2900 wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 runs on 1 AA battery
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Batoh PS3 mini USB Wired hookup [http://ps3.jim.sh/sixaxis/usb/ SIXAXIS] 
*PCB  Ribbon      Notes
*Protos ALPS MSU Rev3 M3 and the later CBEH-1019
*?    SA1Q135A 	  for sixaxis
*PP4  
*V2   
*V25  
*VX   SA1Q146A    first dualshock 3 model
*VX   SA1Q147A    CECHZC2U (USA)
*VX35 SA1Q159A 	  
*VX3  SA1Q160A 	  
*VX?  SA1Q188A    
*VX4  SA1Q189A    shipped with a CECH-2504 datecode 0C 
*VX5  SA1Q194A    changed design ALPS, PS button changes
*VX6  SA1Q195A    red case, 
*VX7  SA1Q222A    superslims 2 ribbons
*VX8  SA1Q224A    superslims 2 ribbons 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x054c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0268
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.00 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Sometimes detected but no support - no sixaxis features detected - mini usb lead will have varying results - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PS4 
*JDM JDS 001 010 011 
*JDM 030 040 055 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PS5 Dual Sense 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Speed Link Strike 2 FX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster Firestorm Dual Power 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes|[http://www.morphzone.org/modules/newbb_plus/viewtopic.php?topic_id=7018&amp;forum=12 only 1 axis joystick only]}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust Predator GM-1500 GM-1520
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Haute42 M series Aluminum Metal Joystick Hitbox Controller Arcade Fighting Stick
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Haute42 T series 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Haute42 G series Gamefinger G12 G13 G16 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; plastic - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Haute42 S series 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  thinner and lighter than G series 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mad Catz sf2 fightstick 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash Datel Paewang Arcade Pro Stick 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash F300 Fighting Stick 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash F500 Fighting Stick 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pico Flatbox GP2040-CE Hot Swappable Mini Hitbox Keyboard 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  default it is configured for PS4 but before plugging usbc cable in, X for Dinput, B Xinput, RT HID - plastic build case - Rev4 based on RP2040 chip and firmware is based on GP2040-CE (Community Edition) - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Shenzhen Onebitdo Tech 8bitdo Fighting stick 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Venom 8 button 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
|}


==== Xinput Xbox Style Plugin ====

2018 extension added originally called AROSx but later redacted. Latest [https://github.com/medusalix/xone linux driver] might be useful. 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;35%&quot; |Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Merge with USB on Digital Pad
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8bitdo Ultimate C Wired 82CB (Shenzhen ONEBITDO TECH - GWOWO) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2dc8 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3106 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 - 4 t6 torx screws - non hall effect so drifting issues - triggers go faulty often - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8bitdo Ultimate 2C Wired Controller 82CD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2dc8 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x310A
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0114
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 - HID keyboard assigned - 4 t6 torx screws - hall effect analogs and triggers  - 1000Hz polling - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8bitdo Ultimate 2C wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024  - 400mw battery - hall effect 3d nubs and triggers - micro switch shoulder buttons - d-pad poor for retro games - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8bitdo ULtimate Mini Wired Controller for Xbox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8BitDo Pro 2 
*Wired Controller 
*Wireless
*Bluetooth
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect - playstation style layout for pc - slide button for S-A-D-X switch, android, dinput or xinput -  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8BitDo Pro 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025  tmr hall effect analogs, hall effect triggers and some microswitches - button swap - ps2 style layout - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8bitdo Ultimate 3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2026  - mw battery - hall effect 3d nubs and triggers - micro switch shoulder buttons - d-pad  for retro games - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8BitDo Pro 3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2026  hall effect analogs, hall effect triggers and some microswitches - button swap - ps2 style layout - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ace Aurora 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 hall effect joysticks with no deadzone mode, gyro, linear rumble, trigger stops, back paddles, button swap, macro, turbo, RGB LED effects -  tri-mode connection - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Betop Beitong Spartan BTP-2270U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  no hall effect 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Betop Betong Asura 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  no hall effect - noble linear trigger potentiometer and alps shoulder LB/RB micro switch 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BEITONG ASURA 2 Pro+ Game Controller Wireless Gamepad
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Beitong Zeus 2  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BebonCool Dinofire Model Number: Q218 / TP28
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021  - triggers aren't progressive but ON/OFF - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX X05 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect analog and triggers - tri mode connection - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX Wireless Controller PC PS3, 9013pro ESM-9013PRO
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 linear hall effect but device sometimes will not connect tried multiple attempts with the dongle
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX X10 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX X20 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 ABXY MICRO SWITCH - Bumpers Tactile switch Hall Effect analog 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX X15 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 hall effect analog and triggers - membrane buttons - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX S10 Wireless Gamepad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 TMR Hall effect and compatible with Switch 2/PC/Phone/TV/Steam, NFC, Gyro, HD Rumble - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;202
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fantech World EOS Pro WGP15 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect trigger and sticks,2 back paddles, motion controlling 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fantech EOS PRO II S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 controller with TMR hall effect analogues, mechanical face buttons and D-pad, 63 input macro, back paddles, turbo - analog triggers with trigger stops - tri mode bt wifi and wired - slide switch on back for switch, macos/android and xinput - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Apex 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023  luxury model 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Vader Pro 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 the Pro(Hall Effects) and Non-Pro (No Hall) 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Direwolf 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 hall effect sticks and triggers - poor wifi connection - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Apex 4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024  luxury model 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Vader 4 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 - hall effect, DInput mode (o+A hold) - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Direwolf 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect analog and triggers but membrane buttons with gold contacts - 800mhA battery - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Dunefox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 basic model hall effect analog and triggers but membrane buttons - 500mha battery - no gyros - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Vader 5 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 - hall effect stick with tension control, linear triggers, DInput mode (o+A hold) - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gamesir T4K Keleid, T4C Cyclone wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 poor to ok switch 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gamesir Nova 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no|| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 - switch type layout 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Guangzhou Chicken Run Network Tech Nova Lite GameSir-T4n LITE - Zikway HID gamepad
*[https://www.reddit.com/r/Gamesir/comments/1c185ve/psa_keep_gamesir_nova_lite_t4n_lite_firmware_at/ fw 4200 seems to be xbox so B then Home for Xinput (green LED), A then Home for HID BT Android (green/yellow LED), Y then Home for Switch Pro (Red LED)] or X then Home for Wifi and start and select to alternatively swap modes 
* and if on [https://www.reddit.com/r/Gamesir/comments/1c185ve/psa_keep_gamesir_nova_lite_t4n_lite_firmware_at/ fw 5700 ds4 so Home + B (blue LED), ]
* firmware 6900 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x3537
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1040 0x1041
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 - hall effect 3d nubs - no usb-c cable - rubber membrane analog trigger travel and bumpers shoulder buttons - wifi 2.4G and bluetooth - xbox layout so ab and xy might need to be swapped via m and a buttons for switch type [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=po-nNuC5fps fixes video] - 250Hz polling - 600mah battery - rigid carry case - poor d-pad esp diagonals - gamesir settings software only on android 6+ or ios based only - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gamesir Nova 2 Lite  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir G7 SE Wired Controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir G8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gamesir TEGENARIA T3 Lite Wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 playstation aesthetic hall effect analog and membrane buttons - X+Home button connects as an Xbox controller
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir Cyclone 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 TMR Joysticks with anti-friction rings and metal anti-friction rings around the stems, gyro, rumble, macro, turbo, 2 back paddles, hall analog triggers with micro-switch trigger - tri mode bluetooth, 2.4GHz wifi and wired, 1000hz polling rate - gamesir connect software - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir G7 Pro for Xbox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 TMR hall effect - hall effect triggers, tri mode connection - gamesir nexus software - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir Super Nova Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2026 hall effect sticks and triggers, 1000Hz polling, tri mode connectivity, 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GuliKit 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GuliKit KingKong 2 NS08 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Electromagnetic Stick hall effect - hall linear triggers - Mechanical face buttons - wired and wireless - Built-in rechargeable lithium battery 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GuliKit KingKong 2 PRO NS09
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;hall efect - wired and wireless - Mechanical face buttons - Built-in rechargeable lithium battery 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GuliKit KingKong MAX 3 KK3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;hall effect - wired and wireless - lithium battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gulikit KK3 Max USB-c Bluetooth Controller
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 Hall Joysticks and Triggers, Maglev/Rotor/HD Vibration, 1000Hz Polling Rate, 4 Back Buttons,  
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GuliKit KK3 PRO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 smaller version of KK3 MAX - hall effect analog and triggers, face buttons , maglev rumble, gyro, 4 back paddles - rigid case - 950mAh up to 8 hrs - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GuliKit 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hyperkin 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hori EX2 Turbo UHX3-45 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Machenike G1 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 Wireless Gaming Controller with 1K Polling Rate Hall Effect Trigger Joystick For Nintendo Switch PC iOS Android 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Machenike G5 Pro Wireless Gaming Controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 ABXY Switch Membrane, Bumpers Tactile switch and hall effect analog 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;microsoft sidewinder precision pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| [https://pineight.com/mw/index.php?title=USB_game_controllers Xbox 360 Wired Controller]
| 0x045e
| 0x028e
| 0x
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|needs specific driver and has poor 2D control pad}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| Microsoft (R) [https://blog.tkjelectronics.dk/2012/12/xbox-360-receiver-added-to-the-usb-host-library/ Xbox 360] (TM) Wireless Receiver for Windows(R) Model 1086 and Controller 
| 0x045e 
| 0x0719, 0x or 0x0291
| 0x0100
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|separate standalone usb dongle detected and shows as 8 vendor interfaces but no class associated and so not working - may need new class from code from xpad or xboxdrv to work the controllor}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xbox 360 Kinect [http://hackaday.com/2010/11/10/kinect-open-source-driver-demo-and-hacking/ Video] 
[http://git.marcansoft.com/?p=libfreenect.git;a=commit;h=7655fcf7239ba4907654089dba535a196685dbe5 GIT]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007  proprietary 2.4GHz RF protocol, 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xbox One Wired Controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xbox One wireless controller newer model with the 3.5mm headphone jack 1537 1697 and microsoft adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x02d1 or 0x02dd
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Elite Series 1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x02e3
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 ok - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xbox later models 1708+ Xbox One and Series use 5GHz and use Bluetooth, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x02e0
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xbox One S
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x02ea 0x02fd
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Elite Series 2 Core 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x02ff
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 ok - no hall - 125Hz polling - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Minisform MGP01 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOBAPAD N1HD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 has liquid silicone face buttons, hall effect analog, D-Pad swap, two back paddles, USB-A dongle, HD Rumble - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mobapad Huben 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mobapad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BIGBIG WON Gale 墨将 mòjiāng 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BIGBIG WON Blitz PRO 2 TMR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BIGBIG WON now MOJHON AETHER 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 hall effect joysticks, hall effect triggers, mechanical bumpers, 1000hz polling rate, mechanical D-pad, membrane face buttons, mechanical back paddles, rumble, deadzone issues - tri mode 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MSI FORCE GC20 GC30 V2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 not hall effect 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MSI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mytrix Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NACON GC-100XF Controller
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 average 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PXN P5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect joysticks &amp; triggers, limited trigger stops, 1000hz polling rate on wired, 4 back paddles, 32 macro record, anti-deadzone mode, RAW mode, gyro, turbo, tri-mode connection - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PXN P50L 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PowerA 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;QRD Stellar T5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;QRD Junior E5 Mini 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;QRD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Wolverine V3 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024  hall 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RetroFlag 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Speedlink XEOX Pro Analog Wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;enclosed lithium battery? - xbox layout - switchable on back of controller to directinput (dinput) or xinput - USB dongle switchable to pc and ps3 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SCUF Instinct Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 good 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SCUF Envision Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 good 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steel Series Stratus Duo XL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;usb adapter needed 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://inputlabs.io/Inputlabs InputLabs Alpakka Open Source and build yourself] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;DIY it with 3d printer, pcb and components  - pi pico needed - 2 gyros for better accuracy - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://inputlabs.io/kapybara Inputlabs kapybara] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;DIY one handed version wip 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Vilcorn Z03 BT Wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 - other Bluetooth modes (green, red, blue, purple, etc.) Select + M1 (or M2) - 400mAh - not great latency wired - 800mhz polling -  
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;zd ultimate legend 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;zd 0+ elite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;zd 0+excellent
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
|}

&lt;pre&gt;
#ifndef AROSX_LIBRARY_H
#define AROSX_LIBRARY_H

#include &lt;exec/types.h&gt;

#define AROSX_CONTROLLER_TYPE_UNKNOWN  0x00
#define AROSX_CONTROLLER_TYPE_GAMEPAD  0x01

#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_DPAD_UP          0x0001
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_DPAD_DOWN        0x0002
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_DPAD_LEFT        0x0004
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_DPAD_RIGHT       0x0008
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_START            0x0010
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_BACK             0x0020
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_LEFT_THUMB       0x0040
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_RIGHT_THUMB      0x0080
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_LEFT_SHOULDER    0x0100
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_RIGHT_SHOULDER   0x0200
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_A                0x1000
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_B                0x2000
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_X                0x4000
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_Y                0x8000

struct AROSX_GAMEPAD {
    ULONG   Timestamp;
    UWORD   Buttons;
    UBYTE   LeftTrigger;
    UBYTE   RightTrigger;
    WORD    ThumbLX;
    WORD    ThumbLY;
    WORD    ThumbRX;
    WORD    ThumbRY;
};

#define AROSX_EHMB_CONNECT    0x00
#define AROSX_EHMB_DISCONNECT 0x01
#define AROSX_EHMF_CONNECT    (1L&lt;&lt;AROSX_EHMB_CONNECT)
#define AROSX_EHMF_DISCONNECT (1L&lt;&lt;AROSX_EHMB_DISCONNECT)

struct AROSX_EventHook {
    struct Node         eh_Node;
    struct MsgPort     *eh_MsgPort;
    ULONG               eh_MsgMask;
};

struct AROSX_EventNote {
    struct Message      en_Msg;
    ULONG               en_Event;
    APTR                en_Param1;
    APTR                en_Param2;
};

#endif /* AROSX_LIBRARY_H */
&lt;/pre&gt;


=== Joystick ===

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Merge with USB on Digital Pad
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CH Products CombatStick 568 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cyborg X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Extreme 3D
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| [Logitech Attack 3 Joystick] 
| 0x0464
| 0xC214
| 0205
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;saitek X-52 x52 pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;saitek aviator 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Speedlink Competition Pro USB 
| 
|
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| {{maybe|works but games not working &quot;out of the box&quot;}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust Predator QZ 501
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust Predator TH 400
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust Predator GM-2500 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust XK 100
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}

===[https://github.com/JacKeTUs/linux-steering-wheels Gaming Racing Steering Wheels]=== 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;25%&quot; |Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Merge with USB on Digital Pad
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
! width=&quot;40%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  [https://www.usb.org/sites/default/files/documents/pid1_01.pdf USB PID standard not supported], 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cammus C5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fanatec CSL Elite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;PS4 and Xbox - belt driven wheel - 30cm wheel swapping 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fanatec Club Sport 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; top belt $600 £500 system 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FFBeast 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Genius TRIO RACER F1 Racing Wheel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Cheap and cheerful but not great - may need calibrating 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hama PC Racing Wheel Thunder V18 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Average 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hori Racing Wheel 3 with pedals 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;PS3 PC 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logic3 PXU450 TopDrive GT450 Steering Wheel for PS3, PS4, XBox One and PC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech MOMO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Very good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Driving Force GT 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Drive Force Pro DFP 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; wheel 900 degree - weighs in at 15&amp;nbsp;lbs
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Formula Force EX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;200 degrees turn for the EX model is arcade-like driving - adds PS3 compatibility via the PSx/2 adaptor - weighs in at 9&amp;nbsp;lbs
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G25 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;   - needs external psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G27 PC/PS3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; comes with gear shifter - needs external psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G29 PC PS3/PS4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  may need additional shifter - gear 900deg wheel / rumble - 3 peddle - needs external psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G920 PC XboxOne 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  may need additional shifter - gear 900deg wheel / rumble - 3 peddle - needs external psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G923 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft(R) SideWinder Precision Racing Wheel (1999)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Moza R3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x346E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Moza R5
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x346E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Moza R9
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x346E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Moza R12
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x346E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/Ultrawipf/OpenFFBoard OpenFFBoard], 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PXN V10 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PXN V12 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PXN V12 Lite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Simagic M10 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; base direct drive $900 £800 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Simplicity Simwheel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; direct 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Simucube 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Simucube 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Simucube 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Simxperience Accuforce V2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SPEEDLINK Drift O.Z. Racing Wheel with Pedals and Gear Stick 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SteelSeries Simraceway SRW-S1 Steering Wheel (PC) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster Nascar Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster Ferrari Challenge Wheel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; Poor  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster Ferrari FGT Rumble GT Experience 3-in-1 (PC/PS3)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;b658
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0102
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes|Wheel and all buttons detected}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Not great - gear driven 240deg wheel rotation - no psu needed - 2 peddle - flappy gear change - rumble untested - red switch for PC PS3 selection 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster F430 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster T500 RS Wheel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; belt driven wheel/rumble for GT5 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster T60 Challenge 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster T150 Wheel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  gear / belt combo wheel / rumble - 2 peddle 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster TMX Pro PC/XboxOne
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; direct drive rumble - no manual gear shift included 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster T80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Base level and OK - PS4 - 270deg rumble - 2 peddle 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster T300 RS GT 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;PS3 PS4 - belt driven - 900deg rotation and modular 28cm wheel out - 2 peddles but 3 available 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster TX Leather 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;TX Xbox version - 900deg rotation 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustermaster TS PC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;PC only belt wheel 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; TS XW Racer PC Xbox1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; top belt system 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster T-GT 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;PS4 $700 £600 with T-DFB 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tracer Zonda Racing Steering Wheel PC PS3 Vibration Feedback Pedals Gearbox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


===Gamepad Joypad Adapters===

* Most adapters will work in most OS's without installing a driver. Special functions needing drivers will be noted. 
* Some adapters do not work with some [http://www.stepmania.com/wiki/Dance_Pads dance pads] because of voltage issues. Other adapters map the dancemat arrows as axes and not as buttons, causing problems.
* If using an adapters should be compatible with '''original''' PlayStation PS/Xbox Xbox/GameCube GC /Dreamcast DC/Sega Saturn SS gamepads. 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;35%&quot; |Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Merge with USB on Digital Pad
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.maplin.co.uk/psx-usb-bridge-34887?tabid=3&amp;worldid=&amp;doy=21m9&amp;faqitem=playstation%20controller%20to%20pc%20adaptor Maplin] [http://www.rockfire.com.tw/ Padix Co. Ltd. Rockfire] PX-205 PSX/USB Bridge 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0583 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2050
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes}} but buttons mapped different from others 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe|poor}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Ok with dpads, but very poor support with analogue hack 
|-
| Boom PS Joy Converter adaptor 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| discontinued (2004/5). Hold Up, Start, and Select for three seconds. Very good [http://www.stepmania.com stepmania] recommendation. 
|-
| [http://www.hkems.com/m_main.htm EMS] [http://www.hkems.com/product/ps2/ps2-usb2.htm USB2] grey plastic box with 2 PSX ports, one on either side - UP and Select pressed for 3 seconds at the same time or the dance code (start+select+up) 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes|Tests/joystick shows the PS port works in digital mode on d-pad}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| Set in PC switch mode. Does not work when using 2 pads at the same time, likely higher power requirements. FPSE emu DualShock untested, Mat and Guitar untested but known lag involved 
|-
| Joytech (play.com) (EMS USB2 bad clone) Black box twin PSX
| 0x0b43
| 0x0003
| 0x0
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No|buggy hardware}} 
| but poor on dance ddr mat and guitar hero as the left and right keys do not like being pressed together, Dual shock untested 
|-
| [ EMS Trio Linker ] 1 PSone connection at bottom
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 1PSX discontinued 2005 
|-
| [http://psxemulator.proboards.com/index.cgi?board=support&amp;action=display&amp;thread=421 EMS Trio Linker Plus] (blue box) 1 PSx at bottom
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 1PSX discontinued 
|-
| Gamtec [http://www.gamestone.co.uk/gradius/guides_usb_smartjoy_guide.php SmartJoy Plus] Lik Sang PS-&gt;USB converter Red 2005 
| 0x0925
| 0x0005
| Low 0110
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe|detected and digital dpad works with [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?topic_id=4138&amp;forum=2&amp;post_id=35952#forumpost35952 joystick and testjoystick tests] but  the second analog control is not mapping correctly in digital mode}} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No|Analogue Hack - hardware buggy not useable}} 
| Dual shock untested, Mat and Guitar untested. Nothing picked up upon plugging it in. Quite common, these items have grounding issues or feed voltage back into the USB host and freeze the host controller, preventing any plugins or removals being detected. 
|-
| Gamtec SmartJoy Plus Dual PS-&gt;USB converter Red 
| 0x0925
| 0x00
| Low 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No|buggy hardware}}
| 
|-
| [http://uk.gear.ign.com/articles/700/700334p1.html Lik-Sang Super SmartJoy PSX] 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 1PSX 
|-
| Soyo Kiki Kiky 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 
|-
| eXcel PSX adaptor shaped a little like a stealth bomber with USB pass through 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 
|-
| Venom 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 
|-
| Dragon Plus (Radio Shack) Pantherlord GreenAsia USB to PS2/PS3 converter single black cable
| 0x0e8f
| 0x03
| 1.07
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| 
|-
| Deal Extreme 2 PSX black cables from 1 USB port
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HDE 2014 Personal Communication Systems Inc 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0810
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0001
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0106
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Same as single cable above but with black block midway along cable 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TigerGame Ltd Mayflash PC001 Super Joy Box 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| TigerGame Ltd Mayflash PC016 Super Joy Box arrowhead triangle twin PSX] Original was lack with RED Leds. Clones Dilong pu203, Blue HDE Neewer ShineData SD-APS2USB, Red Octane and Black PC Power Box (NS3454) '''embossed circle''' on top 
| 0x0810
| 0x0001
| 1.06
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes|Tests/joystick shows one PS port does not work with analog control at all but the other port does and maps correctly in digital mode}} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes|Analogue hack works }}
| Still available 2013, poor construction though, falls to pieces easily. Dual Shock untested, Mat and Guitar untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TigerGame Ltd [http://www.mayflash.com/pc/pc038/pc038-1.htm Mayflash PC038 Super Joy Box Pro triangle twin PSX] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| TigerGame Limited Mayflash SuperJoy Box 5 PC006 long V-shaped 4 port PS/PS2 Game Controller Adapter  
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TigerGame Limited Mayflash SuperJoy Box 5 PRO PC039 PS/PS2 Game Controller Adapter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion 
|- 
| Boom PSX+N64 USB converter (purple or blue see through box) (2003/4) - red led for psx and green led for n64
| 0x6666
| 0x0667
| 0x0
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|not detected by Tests/joystick}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No|Analogue hack }}
| Rumble Pak untested
|-
| [http://www.hkems.com/product/ps2/TrioLinkerPlus2.htm EMS Trio Linker Plus II] 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?topic_id=4753&amp;forum=24&amp;post_id=43102#forumpost43102 ]
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 1DC 1GC 1PSX but not for ddr mat games 
|-
| TigerGame Mayflash PC043 clone HuiJia Black twin N64 converter for PC USB 
| 0x0e8f
| 0x3013
| 0x0
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|detected by Tests/joystick though two digital pads have their settings wrong}} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes|Analogue hack works well with middle handle/grip little joystick}}
| Rumble Pack untested 
|-
| TigerGame Mayflash PC MagicBox SuperBox 3 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| untested 1SS 1DC 1PSX }
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lik Sang SmartJoy X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045e
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0285
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SmartJoy X2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045e
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0289
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| TigerGame Mayflash PC018 Super Joy Box 9 Xbox (NOT 360) 
| 0x05e3
| 0x060
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|shows up as a Genesys Logic Hub}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| does not work. Hub(s) 0x0288 detected but 0x0289 xbox1 joypads are not detected as hid let alone as [http://www.amiga.org/forums/archive/index.php/t-62940.html xpad] or [http://pingus.seul.org/~grumbel/xboxdrv/ linux xboxdrv driver] 
|-
| TigerGame Mayflash PC019 Super Joy Box 10 Xbox Twin ports (NOT 360) 
| 0x05e3
| 0x060
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|shows up as a Genesys Logic Hub}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| does not work with the big Fatty Duke or smaller S Akebono controller(s) 
|-
| TigerGame Ltd Mayflash PC020 Super Joy Box 11 Xbox Quad ports (NOT 360) 
| 0x05e3
| 0x0604
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|shows up as a Genesys Logic Hub}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TigerGame Ltd Mayflash PC035 3 in 1 Magic Joy box PS GC Xbox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB to NES [http://wiki.nesdev.com/w/index.php/Standard_controller SPI like protocol] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Buffalo Classic USB Pad SNES like 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash PC044 USB to SNES 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB to MEGADRIVE GENESIS Joypad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.retrousb.com/product_info.php?cPath=21&amp;products_id=70 USB to 9 pin ATARI RETROPORT style JOYSTICK PORT] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Atari RetroLink 9pin to SB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SLS Sega Saturn USB pad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash PC050 Dual Saturn ports 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Guitar Hero for PC/Mac 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1430
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x474C
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cronus Max 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BrookX One 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash Gamecube to USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash Magic NS 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; WiiU 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Brook Converter WiiU P3 P4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CooV Xbox One Converter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


* [http://www.bemanistyle.com/forum/f6/best-metal-pad-19066/ Metal dance pads with LEDs] - My My Box Blue Shark (Nexen), Cobalt Flux (CF) (Let's Groove), Red Octane Afterburner, TX-2000, Logic3 (Dance Dance Dance), Gamerose (Stay Cool), 
* Hard foam mat - [http://www.mayflash.eu/3in1-deluxe-dansmat-ignition-foam-ps2xboxpc-p-5.html Mayflash] FutureMax Deluxe 3 in 1 Ignition, [http://www.gamerose.com/ Gamerose] (Stay Cool), TrinPad orange, 
* Soft foam mat - Logic3 (PS420N), [http://www.positivegaming.com/index.php?id=36 Positive Gaming Impact],  Gamerose Miss Daisys Naki (Stay Cool), Pelican, MadCatz

*PS1 PS2 PS3 PS4 flex ribbon big source of button/trigger issues with all controllers 
*PS2 Phat KSA1Q40A (Board), SA1Q33A (Membrane) SCHP-10010 H 
*PS2 SA1Q42A SCHP-10010 A 
*PS2 SA1Q43-A SCHP-10010 H


The primary axes are either the Control Pad or the left stick. Buttons come in a rough order: face buttons, then shoulder buttons, then Select and Start, then buttons under sticks, and finally Control Pad directions if not assigned to a hat. But the order and number of buttons within a category are unpredictable, as is which button the user expects to use for each action.

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; | Joypad 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | HATS 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 01
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 02
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 03
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 04
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 05
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 06
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 07
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 08
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 09
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 10
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 11
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 12
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 13
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 14
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Axes 1 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Axes 2 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Axes 3 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Axes 4 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Axes 5 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Axes 6 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; | Comment 
|-
| [https://pineight.com/mw/index.php?title=USB_game_controllers Xbox 360 Wired Controller]
| 
| A (down-green) 
| B (right-red) 
| X (left-blue) 
| Y (up-yellow) 
| LB (white) 
| RB (black) 
| Back
| Start
| Guide 
| L3
| R3
| 
| 
| 
| Left X 
| Left Y
| LT
| Right X
| Right Y 
| RT 
| Poor 2D, Good 3D 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gravis GamePad / Original PlayStation Controller 
| &lt;!--HATS DPAD--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Button 01--&gt;Red (Sqleft)
| Yellow X (X down)
| Green O (O right)
| Blue (Tri up)
| L1
| R1
| L2
| R2
| Select
| &lt;!--Button 10--&gt;Start
| 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Axes 1--&gt;Stick X
| Stick Y
| 
| 
|  
|  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; PlayStation 2 Older Adapters 
| &lt;!--HATS DPAD--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Button 01--&gt;Blue X (down) 
| Red O (right) 
| Pink Sq (left) 
| Green Tri (up) 
| L1
| R1
| L2
| R2
| Select
| &lt;!--Button 10--&gt;Start 
| Stick 1
| Stick 2
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Axes 1--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
|  
|  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; PlayStation 2 Newer Adapters 
| &lt;!--HATS DPAD--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Button 01--&gt;Up
| Right
| Down
| Left
| L2
| R2
| L1
| R1
| Select
| &lt;!--Button 10--&gt;Start
| Stick 1 (analogue Hack) 
| Stick 2 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Axes 1--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
|  
|  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; Wish Technologies N64 Adaptoid 
| &lt;!--HATS DPAD--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Button 01--&gt; A
| C Down
| C Right
| B
| C Left
| C Up
| L
| R
| Start
| &lt;!--Button 10--&gt;Z
| Pad Up
| Pad Down 
| Pad Left
| Pad Right 
| &lt;!--Axes 1--&gt;Stick X
| Stick Y 
| 
| 
|  
|  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; 
| &lt;!--HATS DPAD--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Button 01--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Button 10--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Axes 1--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
|  
|  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; 
| &lt;!--HATS DPAD--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Button 01--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Button 10--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Axes 1--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
|  
|  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
|}

Just plug in your digital/analogue joystick or gamepad into USB port. The device will be handled by Poseidon USB stack. Poseidon is the USB stack with Trident adding a GUI (graphical user interface) prefs. 


the context sensitive page would come up right on pressing the help key inside the relevant window. The manual is in this archive, just in case it isn't in SYS:Locale/Help  


*How to change joystick mode to analogue?

By default a connected USB joystick emulates Amiga digital joystick. To change this behaviour so that the joystick is presented as analogue you need to use Trident preferences application (System:Prefs/Trident).

Open Trident and go to Devices on the left hand side (mouse click once on it). Select your controller from the list to the right and then click on Settings button below. This will open a new window. On the &quot;General&quot; tab find the &quot;Lowlevel Library Joypad Emulation&quot; section near the bottom. Find ports which are set to &quot;Merge with USB&quot; or &quot;Override with USB&quot; and change them to &quot;Analogue Hack&quot;. 

Please note that analogue joystick support is an extension of original Amiga functionality, thus an Amiga application must be explicitly written to use it. AROS SDL library uses this functionality, thus all SDL applications that use joystick, can use the analogue joystick feature.

The HID class has several options how to handle the input data: 

* Don't touch: The movement and button data for is not modified by the hid class. This is the default for the ports 0, 2, and 3. 

* Overwrite with USB: This will kill the  original  data  that  might  had  come  from  the internal  ports  and  overwrites it with the joypad data for this USB interface. Note well: If you have multiple  joypads  connected,  take care  which setting you have selected for each port, because only the last interface with this option will actually send the joypad data to the game. 

* Merge with USB: This option merges the input data of the  lowlevel.library  with  the USB  stream. This only works, if the connected device on the original Amiga  ports  is  NOT  a  mouse  (because  then   the   streams   are incompatible).  Merging  should  be  the preferred method, because it leaves the original joysticks working. 

* Disable: Turns off the port for the application.

* Analogue Hack: Tells Poseidon to force reporting  of  analogue  data  at  the  port. Please  note  that  this only works with programs that understand the analogue  data,  because  it's   an   extension   to   the   original lowlevel.library   standard   made  by  Commodore.  If  you  want  to incorporate this feature in your software, just contact me and I will send you the necessary information. 

* Rumble Port: As addition to the analogue data, the HID class  supports  applications and  games  that want to utilize a rumble pack or force feedback motors in the gamepads. This field selects to  which  lowlevel  port  the  hid device responds, when attempting to use the rumble pack. Normally, this corresponds to the port that has  been  set  in  the  actions  for  the joypad.


*How to change joystick port assignment?

The low  level  library  supports up to four ports. Port 0 is usually used by the mouse, port 1 is the standard port for joysticks/joypads. By default a connected USB joystick is present in Port 1. To change its location to Port 0 you need to use Trident preferences. 

Open Trident and go to Devices window. Select your controller from the list and then click on Settings button. This will open a new window. On the &quot;General&quot; tab find the &quot;Lowlevel Library Joypad Emulation&quot; section. Port 1 should be set as either &quot;Merge with USB&quot; or &quot;Override with USB&quot;. Change this setting to &quot;Don't touch&quot;. Change Port 0 setting to &quot;Merge with USB&quot;.

Go to &quot;Actions&quot; tab. In the &quot;Reports and collection&quot; select first entry named &quot;Joystick&quot;. in the &quot;Usage items&quot; select &quot;X axis&quot;. Go to &quot;Performed actions&quot; area. On the left there will be a list of triggers. Each of them should have (port1) in their params. Click on the first trigger and using buttons to the right of the list change port1 into port 0. Repeat this for all triggers and for all items on &quot;Usage items&quot; list.


*How to make joystick simulate keyboard keys?

With Poseidon it is possible to make the joystick simulate the keyboard pressings. This might enable using joystick for playing games which only have keyboard support. This feature is configured in Trident preferences.

Open Trident and go to Devices window. Select your controller from the list and then click on Settings button. This will open a new window. Go to &quot;Actions&quot; tab. On the right top window select X axis. On the left bottom list select an entry &quot;Digital Joystick, Push left(port 1)&quot;. On the panel to the right change &quot;Digital joystick&quot; into &quot;Raw Key&quot;. A list of keys will be displayed. Select key you wish to send. Repeat the same procedure for &quot;Digital Joystick, Release left (port 1)&quot; option but this time check &quot;Send key up even instead of key down&quot;. Open shell and move your joystick to the left - your selected letter should appear in the shell. 


*Analogue in Trident Prefs
* Open the Trident USB Prefs -&gt; Devices -&gt; Select your joypad -&gt; Settings button -&gt; Action TAB 
* See some &quot;axis&quot; listed under &quot;Usage items&quot; in the top right of the window. They are your analog stick(s) 
* Check [x] Track Incoming Events which is half way down the window on the left 
And you should see some axis activity in &quot;Usage items&quot; when you move the analog stick 


*Actions

HID class item -&gt; Settings -&gt; HID Class Window -&gt; Action Tab -&gt; Action handling area 

Reports and collections -&gt; Usage Items -&gt; Performed actions 


Qualifier keys are *special*. You don't only need to create the actual keypress but also modify the qualifiers.
Go to the keyboard panel and find the windows menu key by enabling key tracking and pressing the windows menu key. Then assign the right amiga key to it.

Go to the actions panel and find the right amiga key (it's called &quot;Keyboard right GUI&quot;). Remember the actions stored there, best write them down in exact order. Then delete them.
Find the windows menu item and add the missing qualifier action. Be sure the parameters are exactly the same and the order is right.

Set them to Raw, then assign an up and down button for each character, etc.
when you change the settings to RAW so you can assign keyboard strokes. it will always say, KEYDOWN or what ever on the left, it never provides and option for key release.

The problem still remains though that if I try to assign the Directional Pad (Hat) to Arrow Keys, that things will get screwed up and you either can not move with the directional PAD (HAT), or movements are assigned to the Left Analog, and do not work as they should, it's as if the right and down arrow keys are ALWAYS On, regardless of the fact that I did indeed assign a Key release command to each input.

check that by pressing analog directions and see the current values, and the thresholds configured in poseidon to bind them to left/right/up/down.

misconfigured too much stuff in the HID settings, you can always go in poseidon-&gt;config list entry and delete the config item related to your device (or the HID class setting itself), back to basics.


*Rumble in Trident Prefs
Open Trident Prefs and click on the Devices option in the left hand window. Click with the mouse once on your gamepad choice on the right hand side and again on the Settings button below. In the new window, select the '''General''' TAB and half way down on the right there is an &quot;Open Now&quot; button in the section &quot;HID output control window&quot;. Clicking on that button opens another window (HID Control) with sliders for the two rumble engines inside the controllers and you can test if they work. '''Sometimes clicking that button does nothing, other times it will open the window and say nothing is detected.''' The leftmost two sliders do nothing, the third one has a large rumble effect, and the fourth one has a small rumble effect.

===Graphic Drawing Tablet===

There is a standard in HID for tablets possibly mouse type. If the tablet is HID conforming in that sense, it should work. Aiptek does a fairly good job at this. The other competitor, Wacom, didn't pay too much attention to this and simply adapted their legacy serial protocol into HID in a very awkward way. Older Wacom tablets have worked with the special support in the HID class, but not the more recent ones. 

 to use graphic tablets fully, applications need to be written that make use of the AmigaOS NewTablet events (which AROS has) 


* Entry level - A6 (6x4) work area 
* Medium A5 (6x8) A4 (10x7) size   (recommended but only a few ie years 2000 to 2003 models supported) 
* Semi Pro A3 (12x9) 
* Pro  Cintiq


* 2005/6 Some support added for Wacom tablets  
* 2008 Wacom's patent on battery free pens expires


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Micrograf Tabby (late 1980s and early 1990s) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;podscat pt 3030 graphics tablet
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Summagraphics 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom IV compatible (Graphire, ArtPad, A3, A4, A5 and PenPartner CT-0405-P - Wacom intuos GD-0405-R) Waycom Digitiser II UD-0608-R
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Artpad II (KT-0405-R) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AceCad boards 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AipTek HyperPen 6000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Calcomp 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AipTek HyperPen 8000 - Aldi/Medion MD 9310 and Aldi/Tevion LT 9310 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tablet PC penabled 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based like x61t X60t NC4200 NC4400 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* Wacom PenPartner
* PenPartner 2
* PenStation 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056a
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0000
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Graphire - Wacom Tablet ET-0405-U UV1.1-1 (Slate Blue)  ET-0405UL (lime)  (orange)  (red)  (purple) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0X0010
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|late 90s with A6 size - [Wacom Support] of X-axis 00000-10205  Y-AXIS 0000-7421 Tip Pressure 000-511 under Trident prefs. Air pen mouse type movements }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* Grapphire 2 4x5  ET-0405A-U UV2.0-3 (Steel Blue) 
* Graphire 2 5x7 ET-0507A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0011 and 0x0012
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0110
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|A6 and A5 versions - [Wacom Support] of X-axis 00000-10205  Y-AXIS 0000-7421 Tip Pressure 000-511. Air pen mouse type movements - mouse EC-120-0K tested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Graphire 3
* cte-430/w 4x5 pearl   sapphire 
* cte 630 6x8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0013 and 0x0014 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0314
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|A6 and A5 size - [Wacom Support] Xaxis 0-10207 yaxis 0-7423 tip pressure 0-511 and the erase end appears to respond but avoid bluetooth BT versions }}
|-
| Wacom Graphire 4 
* cte-440/B Blue cte 440/s Silver 4x5
* cte-640 6x8 cte 640 u 0403 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0015 and 0x0016 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;403
| {{Yes|A6 and A5 work area detected [Wacom Support] x-axis 0000-10207 Y axis 0000-7423 Tip Pressure 000-511 and delete rub out end of the pencil seems detected but avoid bluetooth BT versions }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* Wacom Intuos 4x5 GD-0405 
* Intuos 6x8    GD-0608
* Intuos 9x12    GD-0912
* Intuos 12x12  GD-1212-U 
* Intuos 12x18 GD-1218
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0020 0x0021 0x0022 0x0023 0x0024 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|detected and responses delivered back - x axis up to 30479 and y axis 31679, tip pressure up to 1023 and x and y tilt up to 127 - Wacom intuos GD-0912-A for Apple Macs NOT SUPPORTED}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* Intuos 2 4x5 A6 - XD-0405-U 
* Intuos 2 6x8 A5 - xd 0608u uoc
* Intuos 2 9x12 XD-0912-U
* Intuos 2 12x12 XD-1212-U
* Intuos 2 12x18 XD-1218-U
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056a
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0041 0x0042 0x0043 0x0044 0x0045 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0126
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|various sizes and recognised as [Wacom Support] but not working. x-axis 00000-20319 y-axis 00000-16239 tip presure 0000-1023 x-tilt y-tilt 000-127.  HID mouse xc-100-03 works but never could use it as a real tablet with pressure with TVPaint 3.6 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* Intuos 3 4x5 (PTZ-430) 
* Intuos 3 4x6   (PTZ-431W ) 
* Intuos 3 6x8   (PTZ-630 PTZ630) 
* Intuos 3 6x11 (PTZ-631W A3 wide)  
* Intuos 3 9x12 (A4 PTZ-930 PTZ930)  
* Intuos 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;056a
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x00b0 0x00b1 0x00b2 0x00b3 0x00b4 0x00b5
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No}} Actions in HID setup window definitively locks the Pointer (mouse) reports settings and even after a clear and save, nothing changes, the configuration returns to default values.  &quot;[Wacom]&quot; reports don't see any events from the tablet, even with &quot;Pointer&quot; reports cleared and save, so is locked a in &quot;mouse&quot; state - but can send a special command to the tablet in order to put it into a special vendor mode. This mode enables Wacom specificities like pressure, tilt, absolute position, buttons, etc... you should send an HID report feature with ReportID=2 and data=2, the current HID class driver doesn't give a way to change that, even using the &quot;initial startup actions&quot; item in the extra collection. No listed features work 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Wacom Volito - Promethean FT-0405-U06 UV1.4-1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0060
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0141
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|A6 work area with [Wacom Support] of x-axis 0000-5103 Y axis 0000-3711 Tip Pressure 000-511. Air and touch mouse movement - appears to be the budget option with some but limited features}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Volito 2 
* CTF-??? 2x3 
* CTF-420G CTF-420 V2.0-0 4x5
* Serif Penabled 6742 rebadge of CTF 420/020-B CTF-420/02
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0062
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|A6 work area with [Wacom Support] of x-axis 0000-5103 Y axis 0000-3711 Tip Pressure 000-511. Air and touch mouse movement - no erase function on the end of the pen - nylon nibs value option}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* Wacom PL-400 LCD 
* PL-500
* PL-510
* PL-550
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0030 0x0031 0x0032 0x0034 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* PL-600
* PL-600 SX
* PL-700
* PL-710
* PL-800
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0033 0x0035 0x0036 0x0037 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Cintiq 21 UX and Cintiq Partner DTF-720
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom PenTablet Bamboo (MTE), Bamboo Craft (CTH), Bamboo Fun (CTE), Bamboo Pen (CTL) and Bamboo Pen &amp; Touch (CTH) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Wacom Bamboo Fun Medium CTE-650 
| 
| 0x0018 
| 
| {{Maybe|[http://www.a1k.org/forum/showthread.php?t=11432 works on a1k forum]}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bamboo Fun Small CTE-450 white 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0017 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Bamboo One CTF-430 V2.0-0 CTF 430/S
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0069
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|A5 wired air pen and acts like a mouse only}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Intuos 4 
* Small PTK-440 PTK-540
* Medium - PTK-640 - PTK 540WL Wireless - 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested  Intuos4 surface sheet was revised in October 2010 to reduce nib wear}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Intuos 5 Touch 
*
* Medium - PTH-650 - USB Wired and Wireless Kit 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0027 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested work, however wireless may glitch or drag }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Intuos Pro Medium - PTH-651 - 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bamboo Small Pen Tablet - MTE 450 MTE-450A (MTE-450/k) - 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0065
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0116
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|A6 work area - mouse movement but no pen detection except x-axis 2 to -2 and y-axis 2 to -2 - mini usb lead - 4 blue led lit buttons not detected as well as circular touch button??  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bamboo Pen CTL 460
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested all Bamboo versions were criticized for the drawing surface's roughness (which got smoother over time), which caused the small pressure-sensitive 'nib' to wear down, and become slanted or scratchy in the same way as pencil lead, albeit more slowly}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Bamboo Fun CTH-461/S wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x00D2
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0106
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|A6 size - Pen tracking not working but finger touch works }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Bamboo Connect Pen Tablet CTL-470 CTL-470K 470-DE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CTH 470K
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom CTH 480/S wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} lithium battery for pad - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Intuos Pen Small CTL-480/S CTL 480 K wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x030E
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|A5 detected as Intuos PS  but not working although the RHS blue led responds to pen on tablet }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CTH 490 PK S Photo - CTH-490CK-S Comic - CTH-490AK-S Art 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested lower hovering height pen nibs wear fast and input lag/responsiveness}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intuos Pen &amp; Touch Medium - CTH-680 - USB Wired and Wireless Kit work 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Intuos Pro (PTH-660 and PTH-860) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Media Tablet 10.6&quot;
    Genius G-Pen M609
    Genius G-Pen M609X
    iVista Media Tablet 10.6
    Aiptek MediaTablet 10000u

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0501
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Slim Tablet 12.1&quot;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x172F
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0034
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x1105
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Media Tablet 12 by 9&quot; 
    Aiptek HyperPen 12000u T-12000U Tablet Series 
    Nisis T-12000u USB Tablet Series Version 1.05 (aiptek rebadged)

    Trust item #1535
    ADESSO Cyber Tablet 12000 Graphic design tablet
    iVista Media Tablet 12
    PENTAGRAM O'pen Wide P 2003
    Genius G-Pen M712
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0500, 0x08ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0010
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0105
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|detected with Nisis/Aiptek functioning as a tablet, untested with others  - Puck (mouse) x axis 0000 to 6000 y axis 0000 to 6000 - stylus (pen) x axis 00000 to 12000 y axis 00000 to 12000 tip pressure 0000 to 1023 - 16 function keys - AAA battery needed for pen and another for the mouse}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Media Tablet 14.1&quot; v5.1e
    Genius G-Pen M714X
    Aiptek MediaTablet 14000u WMK-H141 
    Trust item #15358
    Adesso CyberTablet 14000 M14
    iVista Media Tablet 14.1
    PENTAGRAM O'pen Wide P 2004

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0X172f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0X0500
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0114
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|detected with Nisis/Aiptek functioning as a tablet - Stylus (Pen) X 16838 Y 16838 Tip Pressure 1023 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop PID 0038
    Genius G-Pen F509
    Manhattan 177405

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0038
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop PID 0052
    Yiynova MSP19

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0052
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Q Pad
    Aiptek HyperPen Mini
    NGS Flexi Style
    VisTablet PenPad
    iVistaTablet Q Flex Pad
    Bravod Q-PD65-S
    Trust Flex Design Tablet (#16937)

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0037
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Sirius Battery Free Tablet
    VisTablet Muse
    PENTAGRAM Designer P 2700
    Princeton PTB-S1BK

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0502
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Slim Tablet 12.1&quot;
    Genius G-Pen F610
    Trust Slimline Widescreen Tablet (#16529)
    VisTablet Original 12&quot;
    Adesso CyberTablet Z12
    Adesso CT-Z12A
    PenPower Tooya Pro
    Aiptek Slim 12.1 Inch
    Aiptek SlimTablet 600u Premium II
    NGS Slim Proguess
    iVistaTablet Slim 12.1
    PENTAGRAM ThinType P 2006

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0034
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Slim Tablet 5.8&quot;
    Genius G-Pen F350
    Trust item #16485
    VisTablet Mini
    iVistaTablet Slim 5.8
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0032
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Venus S Tablet
    Trust eBrush Widescreen Tablet (#17939)

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0503
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Aiptek GmBH MediaTablet Ultimate II - 16:10 Professional Graphic Tablet Model 1400U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hanvon Beijing HanWang HW Micro Drawing Tablet ET0504U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b57
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8030
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;01111
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|does not work - recognised as an HID mouse - no tablet extensions detected}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;KYE EasyPen 340, Genius EasyPen 340 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0458:5014
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|untested }}
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| Aiptek Hyper Pen 6000u PC Tablet APT
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{No|detected but does not work - win98 era cordless 6in by 4.5in - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;nisis T-8000U APT-2 Aiptek rebadge 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x08CA
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0021
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|A5 detected but no responses }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acecad Flair II GT-504 Init Fkt  Fkt 0x5ab450c0
AIPTEK HyperPen 10000 U
Aiptek HyperPen 10000U, 
AIPTEK Slim Tablet U600 Premium II
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0460
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0004
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ace Cad Enterprise Co., Ltd Tablet - 5x3.75 drawing area 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0460
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0004
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bosto's 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} UCLogic Digitizer 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Adesso CyberTablet Z7, Adesso CyberTablet 12000, Adesso CT-12000A  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UC-Logic / Lapazz WP8060, UC-Logic / Lapazz PF1209, UC-Logic / Lapazz Artistic Tablet 5540,   Manhattan 8&quot;x6&quot;, Manhattan 3&quot;x4&quot;, Manhattan
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested but suspect not working}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DigiPro 5.5×4” Graphics Tablet
Digital Ink Pad (A4 format) 
DigiPro WP8060, DigiPro WP5540,  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Genius G-pen
G-Pen 4500
Genius Wizardpen
Genius Mousepen
Genius Easypen i405 M610 
Genius PenSketch 9x12, Genius MousePen i608, Genius MousePen 8x6, Genius MousePen / WizardPen 5x4, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Genius G-Pen F610
Genius G-Pen M610 
Genius G-Pen 340 (UC-LOGIC Tablet WP4030U)
Genius G-Pen 450 (UC-LOGIC Tablet WP5540U)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Genius
UC-LOGIC
iBall Tablet PF8060
iBall
Iball Pen Tablet 8060U, Iball Pen Tablet 5540U, Iball Pen Tablet 4030U, Iball Design Tablet PF1209,
NGS CADBOY (UC-LOGIC Tablet WP5540U)
Pentagram
QWare
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust TB-3100
Trust TB-5300 Trust 15356 
Trust TB-6300 Trust 15357  WP8060U  Slimline but bulky with metal backing A5 size 
Trust 16486, Trust 16447,  Sketch Design Tablet,
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|clashes with usb and crashes AROS }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UC-Logic Tablet WP1062
    Aiptek HyperPen 10000U
    Monoprice 10X6.25 Inches Graphic Drawing Tablet
    Pickle 10x6.25 Inch Graphic Drawing tabletguess

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;5543:0064
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| [ VTech KidiPhoto Art Studio] 
| 
| 
|  
| {{yes|works}}
|-
|}

Tablet has a squared lines of wires which induce a current into the pen which is then detected by the metal grid in the tablet pad. Tablets report pressure (and tilt on expensive models) and are absolute pointing devices (put the pen at the top left and the mouse pointer will go to the top left of the screen). Graphic drawing area, what keys, report rate, resolution lpi lpmm, accuracy, pressure levels (may come from the app), origin position,

Wacom tablets use electromagnetic resonance technology.  Since the tablet provides power to the pen through resonant inductive coupling, no power is required for the pointing device. As a result, no batteries are inside the pen (or the accompanying puck), making them lighter and slimmer.

Under the tablet's surface (or LCD in the case of the Cintiq) is a printed circuit board with a grid of multiple send/receive coils and a magnetic reflector attached behind the grid. In send mode, the tablet generates a close-coupled electromagnetic field (also known as a B-field) at a frequency of 531&amp;nbsp;kHz. This close-coupled field stimulates oscillation in the pen's coil/capacitor (LC) circuit when brought into range of the B-field. Any excess resonant electromagnetic energy is reflected back to the tablet. In receive mode, the energy of the resonant circuit’s oscillations in the pen is detected by the tablet's grid. This information is analyzed by the computer to determine the pen's position, by interpolation and Fourier analysis of the signal intensity.

In addition, the pen communicates information such as pen tip pressure, side-switch status, tip vs. eraser orientation and ID number (to differentiate between different pens, mice, etc.). For example, applying more or less pressure to the tip of the pen changes the value of the pen's timing circuit capacitor. This signal change can be communicated in an analog or digital method. An analog implementation modulates the phase angle of the resonant frequency, while a digital method is communicated to a modulator that distributes the information digitally. The tablet forwards this and other relevant tool information in packets, up to 200 times per second, to the computer.


If you disable (delete all of them except for one that needs to be set to &quot;no action&quot;, so that it will not be regenerated as default) the Extra Startup actions, the tablet should remain in relative mouse mode—you will not get pressure information in that mode though. [http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/highway_usb/message/2394]}}


=== Handheld Barcode Scanner Readers ===

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Farsun 9100 barcode scanner 0-12&quot; 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Motorola Symbol LS2203 CMOS 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tysso 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested Simple}} Code 11, Code 39, Code 93, Code 128, Coda Bar, UPC-A, UPC-E, EAN-8, EAN-13, MSI/Plessey, Telepen, Interleaved 2 of 5, Industrial 2 of 5, Matrix 2 of 5 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Unitech MS320 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wasp WCS3905 CCD 1&quot; 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} Code 93, Matrix 2 of 5, Industrial 2 of 5, Code 39, UCC/EAN-128, ISBN, Code 32, EAN/JAN-8 , EAN/JAN-13 , UPC-A, UPC-E, Codabar, Code 128, Code 11, Interleaved 2 of 5, MSI-Plessey, China Post, IATA 2 of 5, ISSN, UK-Plessey 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Datalogic Touch 90 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intermec  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Honeywell Metrologic MK9540-32A38 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Motorola LS2208 Laser 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wasp WWS800 Laser 1D 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Datalogic GD4130-BK-C066 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Honeywell 1202G-1USB-5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Motorola / Symbol DS6707-DC20007ZZR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DataMan 8000 2D 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Honeywell Voyager 9520/40 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Metrologic MS1690 USB 2D Barcode Scanner  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} QR Code GS1 Databar PDF417
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Syscan GM800 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}

[http://www.scandit.com/2011/11/04/types-of-barcodes-choosing-the-right-barcode-type-ean-upc-code128-itf-14-or-code39/ Types of Barcode]

&lt;pre&gt;
UPC-A       Grocery most common 
Code 128    
EAN-13      Library Books ISBN &amp; ISSN, 
Code 39     
Codabar     blood bank,

2D barcodes such as 
Data Matrix 
PDF417e     
Maxicode    
Aztec       
QR Code     old Nokia handsets, 
MicroPDF417 
&lt;/pre&gt;


===TouchScreens===

Projected capacitive (PCAP) touch screen product, amongst many options the widely used are I2C and USB 

*USB host–device structure which dominates consumer and industrial electronics devices where higher bandwidth needed and user-friendly (multiswipes)
*I2C Inter-Integrated Circuit simple serial standard for LCD display in embedded systems because of cost and low power 
*SPI arduino and rpi single boards 

We cover the USB here 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| eGalax Touch 4a
| 0eef 
| 0001 
| 0001
| {{yes|2009 works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lilliput HDMI Monitors
669GL-70NP/C/T (7 inch)
869GL-80NP/C/T (8 inch)
FA1011-NP/C/T (10 inch)
FA1046-NP/C/T (10 inch)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Iilyama Prolite Monitors
PROLITE T1513SR-1 (15 inch)
PROLITE T1730 (17 inch)
PROLITE T1713SR-1 (17 inch)
PROLITE T1913SR-1 (19 inch)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Smart Display Company (SDC) Touchscreens TFT Monitors
TOUCH-TFT-TS07 (7 inch)
TOUCH-TFT-TS08 (8 inch)
TOUCH-TFT-TS10 (10 inch)
TOUCH-TFT-TS12 (12 inch)
TOUCH-TFT-TS15 (15 inch)
TOUCH-TFT-TS17 (17 inch)
TOUCH-TFT-TS19W (19 inch wide)
TOUCH-TFT-TS22W (22 inch wide)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;XENARC Monitors 7 inch models
700TSH
700TSU
700TSV
702TSV
705TSV
706TSA
700IDT
MDT-X7000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;XENARC 
8 inch models:
800TSV
805TSV

10 inch models:
1020TSV
1026TSA
1040TS

12 inch models:
1200TS
1200TR
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asus VT229H 21.5&quot;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CUQI 7&quot; Monitor Touchscreen 1024x600 IPS
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Espresso 15&quot; Portable Touchscreen Display Monitor
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hannspree HT225HPB 21.5 inch
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;WaveShare 13.3inch HDMI LCD (H) (with case)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


===GPS tracking, running, cycling, biking, walking, hiking, ORIENTEERING, boaters and mapping===

Support for OpenStreetMap but not for Ordnance Survey, Map Pilot or National Geographic's Topo maps data gdb,

Data output supported nmea 0183 V1.5 APA, V1.5 XTE and V2.1 GSA formats, gpx, kml/kmz, tracks from tcx files, geo: URIs,  
NMEA0183(which is RS232, voltages range from -15 volts to 15 volts, 4800 baud), or need NMEA sentences connected to your computer

other method that some units support is a special serial cable that actually emits raw RS232 NMEA. These usually take 10-&gt;30 volts input, can run the unit, and have full voltage I/O for RS232 (not like spanner mode, which effectively turns the unit into a USB-&gt;Serial adapter inside the case).

Equivalent apps - merkator, mapsource,

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin gpsmap 180 GPS/chart plotter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;1992 GARMIN GPS 55 AVD Portable System 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin GPS V 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested - waas pinpoint within 3 metres - nmea - 4AA battery}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin GPS 12 12XL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Legend C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin eMap 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|possibly through usbmodem rs232 connection nmea 0183 protocol}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin eTrex 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} rs232 these older units supported it and would provide the stream in either the standard NMEA 0183 format or a proprietary Garmin format.
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin GPS 75 AVD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan GPS Map 7000 model 45006 (1994) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan GPS Tracker
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan Pioneer Satellite Navigator 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan GPS 300 315 320 Mentor Receiver (2003) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Not for dedicated sat nav units like the Nuvi, TomTom, etc 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NaviLock NL-402U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested u-blox 5 SuperSense® chipset with receivers for GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, BeiDou and QZSS}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GM1-86UB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| U-BLOX UB-6010 GGA,GSA,GSV, RMC and support VTG, GLL, TXT ublox binary and NMEA Command Dynamic Condition }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NAVILOCK GPS NL-602U USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|works via usbmodem.device - ublox ag 6 chipset - 50 channel}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TOPGNSS ton Receiver &amp; Antenna GM702  u-blox 7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|UBLOX7020 chip design bloc u-blox}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VK-162 G-MOUSE u blox 7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1546
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x01a7
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|UBX G70xx with RMC VTG GSV TXT GLL GGA GSA}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VK-172 u-blox 7 G7020-KT gps gnss white pen stick receiver - over 1 inch long 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1546 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x01a7
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A| detected as cdc controlled plug in device - 18x18x2mm patch antenna but can be slow to update - nmea 0183 and ublox binary protocol}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GlobalSat BU-353 WaterProof USB GPS Receiver 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested SiRF Star III}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Haicom HI-206 USB GPS receiver with RS-232 interfaces, RJ11 and PS/II connector EB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|usb-serial prolific pl2303 detected but GSP3F SiRF Star IV technology not detected or bound}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BT760Y, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested Skytraq Venus 5 GPS chipset}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GM-65 USB GPS Receiver
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested Skytraq Venus 6 GPS chipset - 65 channel}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested Skytraq Venus 7 GPS chipset}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GM-65 USB GPS Receiver
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested Skytraq Venus 8 GPS chipset - 167 channels}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Colorado 300 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} USB 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Geko 101 201 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} limited waas enabled only - waypoints - aaa battery 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Edge 200 bike mount 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin ForeRunner 10 15 watch 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Montana 600
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Dakota 10 20 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Map76s 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Oregon 450T  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} USB nmea 0183 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin eTrex 10 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested - no nmea0183 sentences data stream output - configuration an option to set it to &quot;Garmin&quot; mode, or &quot;Mass Storage&quot; mode. Since the mass storage mode seems to be required for waypoint/track/etc data exchange, the 'Garmin' mode would be for this data stream. Yet putting it in that mode doesnt seem to produce anything.}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Oregon 650T 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin GPSMAP 64S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GPSMap 78S or GPSMap 76CSX which has a NMEA port for talking to Nav equipment
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin eTrex Vista Cx GPS Receiver 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested - 2AA battery}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin GPSmap 276c
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan 2000 XL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan 3000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan Triton 300
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} SiRFstarIII™, Antenna Type Multidirectional Patch with WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS support 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan Triton 400 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}


==massstorage.class (MSC/UMS - most cameras and mp3 players)==

=== USB Card Readers ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Installing
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Booting
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| A-Tec Model CR-362 
| 
| 
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| [http://www.belkin.com/IWCatProductPage.process?Merchant_Id=&amp;Section_Id=200406&amp;pcount=&amp;Product_Id=179164 Belkin 15 in 1 Card Reader]
|
|
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Conrad CP440 60 in 1 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works on a1k forum}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Genesys Gtech Logic 19 in 1
| 0x05E3
| 0x0710
| High 0200
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Hama 19 in 1 Card Reader 
|
|
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| Hama 35 in 1 Card Reader 
|
|
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Integral Single Slot SD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kingston USB 3.0 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lexar microsd adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} but wider than Sandisk version - could block other slot if below 
|-
| Pretec CardDriver 
|
|
| 
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Sandisk MicroMate 
|
|
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sandisk MobileMate SD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sandisk MobileMate Micro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} has satisfying 'click' when microsd inserted 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sandisk MobileMate Duo MicroSD
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} no 'click' insertion uses pressure so future wear and tear issues 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Serena metal cased microsd only 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|Maybe}} hit or miss on quality 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Serena &quot;Sandisk MobileMate&quot; look-alike 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|Maybe}} hit or miss on quality 
|-
| SilverCrest 16in1 
|
|
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Transcend 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Transcend P5 8 in 1 TSRDP5K 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Transcend P8 15 in 1 TSRDP8K
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Zyxel integralmemory 8 in 1 
| 0x0aec
| 0x3260
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{no|not detected}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}

=== USB Hard Drives ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Datel MaxDrive 
| 
| 
|  
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Inateck 2.5 Inch USB 3.0 Hard Drive Disk Enclosure/ Case (FE2001) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} Full USB 3.0 port but plastic teeth keeping drive in place can snap 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Inateck case (FE2002) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} full USB 3.0 port - updated design 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Inateck case (FE3001) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} wider USB 3.0 port and no on/off switch  Jmicron JMS578 chipset
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Iomega Desktop Hard Drive 500GB, 3,5“, USB2.0 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Samsung
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Samsung
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Samsung T3 SSD 
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}} USB 3.1 Gen 1 space grey / black metal/ plastic 
|-
| Samsung T5 SSD 
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}} USB 3.1 Gen 2 256GB 512GB alluring blue 1Tb 2Tb black unibody metal 
|-
| Samsung
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Seagate
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Seagate 
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Toshiba Canvio 1TB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|partition fat32 or sfs to 100GB max - ntfs partitions not detected out of the box - select usb drive in trident prefs and press disable to shutdown}}
|-
| Verbatim 160GB Smartdisk 
| 
| 
|  
| {{yes|works }}
|-
| Western Digital USB 
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;WD Essential 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;WD Passport 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}


=== USB DVD CD ROM Drives ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;12.5mm 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;12.5mm enclosure mini-sata dvd-rw 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested needs sole usb3 port to power it}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;9.5mm enclosure ECD829 mini-sata dvd-rw with Initio Corporation INIC-1618L SATA 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x13fd
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0840
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested but probably needs sole usb3 port to power it}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|}


=== USB to NGFF NVMe SDD HDD DVD CD ROM Drives ===

The older Jmicron JMS539B seems to result in massive filesystem corruption given the amount of corrupted content. Prehaps always avoided Jmicron and opted for Asmedia even if it costed a bit more. Realtek seems to be working okay for me generally speaking and newer Jmicron chipsets are less buggy – but evidently not perfect. 

From [https://goughlui.com/2025/08/17/psa-validate-your-storage-jmicron-jms583-kioxia-bg4-series-ssd-issue/ thread] 

Here is a [https://forums.anandtech.com/threads/stable-nvme-usb-adapter.2572973/ very long thread] that discusses data corruption and stability issues with these bridges. The majority of the posts are complaining of dropouts, hangs and the like, which usually down to either a poor USB 3.x implementation (SuperSpeed connections are very picky as to cables, ports and trace routing) or problematic compatibility. Regardless, the [https://www.legitreviews.com/jmicron-jms583-controller-version-matters-for-portable-usb-drives_219422 JMS583 is known to have several versions] noting that the last revision (C) in that article is a 2021 release which should fix earlier stability and cable quality compatibility issues. 
JMS583-STD-Release-v00.02.01.04-Bus Power.bin is the latest JMS583 firmware as of August 2025. 

Early firmware RTL9210 seems to have issues as well 


* RTL9210B
* JMS583 rev1 with firmware A2 or A3  

* RTL9210A
* JMS583 firmware 2.0.9 
* Asmedia ASM2362

* RTL9201A


The reference Hardware ID for the JMS583 chipset from JMicron is:
VID_152D&amp;PID_0583&amp;REV_0209
where &quot;VID_152D&quot; identifies a JMicron product;
&quot;PID_0583&quot; is the generation chipset;
&quot;REV_0209&quot; is the firmware version installed.

In the same way, the reference Hardware ID for the RTL9210 from Realtek is:
VID_0BDA&amp;PID_9210&amp;REV_3100
&quot;VID_0BDA&quot; is for a Realtek product, &quot;PID_9210&quot; is referred to the chipset and &quot;REV_3100&quot; to the firmware.


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ASM1153E / ASM1153 with firmware 140509_A1_82_40 or 141126_A1_EE_82. Both supports UASP and TRIM on USB 3.1 Gen.1 adapter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x174c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x55aa
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|works with sabrent ec-uasp}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ASM235CM Ugreen aluminum bridging the USB3.2 Gen2x1 to Serial ATA host interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x174c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TI 9261 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ASM225
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x174c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JMicron JMS578 issues USB 3.1 Gen.1 adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;152d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0578
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|needs fixing on pi4 storage quirks}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JMicron JMS576 issues USB 3 to usb-c adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;152d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0576
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|orico}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JMS562 JMicron Technology Corp
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;152d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0562
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JMS561U
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x152d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1561
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|works with sabrent ec-uasp}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VL716Q4 Orico black meshed aluminum usb c
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asmedia ASM1053E 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1B21 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x55aa
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ASmedia ASM1051E
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x174c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x55aa
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asmedia ASM1053
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x174C
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1536
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asmedia ASM104x
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1B21 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1042 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Unknown Chinese version 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0bc2
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2312 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|sometimes works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JMicron N5321 gr
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x152d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xa583
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Initio Corp INIC-1618L mini slimline sata 6 + 7 pins to usb2 adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x13FD
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0840
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0114
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|sometimes works mini sata to usb2 detects 201x laptop DVD as MassStorage(CD/DVD) but may need powered USB hub}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Unknown mini sata to usb3 adaptor 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x01F75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0621
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0036 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|sometimes works mini sata to usb3 detects 201x notebook DVD drive as MassStorage(SCSI) but 5V 1.5Amp needs powered hub to burn }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|}


=== External Floppy ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://techtravels.org/amiga/amigablog/ Amiga Floppy Project]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://aminet.net/package/driver/media/Catweasel_AROS_V1.2 Catweasel Mk4] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0xE159
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0001
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x00
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|2005 [http://archives.aros-exec.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=driver/storage works]}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Catweazle MK4plus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|2010  driver for Teac are best, Sony are good, but Mitsumi don't like the Catweasel}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://hxc2001.free.fr/floppy_drive_emulator/ HxC Floppy Emulator]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.softpres.org/glossary:kryoflux KyroFlux]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung SFD-321U/EP USB Floppy
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.cbmstuff.com/proddetail.php?prod=SCP SuperCard Pro] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.facebook.com/groups/greaseweazle Greaseweazle STM hardware], [https://cowlark.com/fluxengine/index.html Greaseweasel support], [https://github.com/keirf/greaseweazle python software], [https://amigakit.amiga.store/greaseweazle-p-91279.html buy], 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB FLOPPY DISK DRIVE (USB External Floppy Disk) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/SukkoPera/OpenFlops OpenFlops] with [https://github.com/keirf/flashfloppy FlashFloppy] Gotech clone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/hmerrett/HenryFlops HenryFlops reworked OpenFlops] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/tebl/Amiga-DrawBridge DrawBridge aka Arduino Amiga Floppy Disk Reader/Writer] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| arduino based hardware }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FL-2501 USB Portable Diskette Drive  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 usb - [https://amiga.robsmithdev.co.uk/ Drawbridge] [https://github.com/RobSmithDev/ArduinoFloppyDiskReader software] ribbon cable compat with p/n 19308801-19 and s/n U356244 - model ASM P/N 27l4226 and FRU P/N 05k9283 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Dell Floppy Drive Module USB External 3.5&quot; - Teac FD-05PUB 1.44mb 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 usb 1.1 
|-
|}


==ptp.class (PTP and MTP - other cameras and mp3 players)==

=== Cameras ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 20D
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2004  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon 350D (also known as the Digital Rebel XT/Kiss Digital N) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2005 DIGIC II processor 8-megapixel }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon PowerShot A430 A560 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2006 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 400D (XTi) digital SLR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 1000D also known as Rebel XS
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 10.2mp 720p  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon 450D aka Rebel Xsi 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 12.2mp }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon PowerShot S90 S95 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 2010 720p video - 10Mpixel }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon Powershot SD960 IS Digtal ELPH 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 Still Image: Exif 2.2 (JPEG), Movie: MOV (Image: H.264; Audio: Linear PCM) Lithium-ion Battery Pack NB-4L }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 500D aka Rebel  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 1080p 15.1MP Lithium  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 550D 600D aka Rebel T2i T3i DSLR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010-2011 1080p 18MP Lithium LP-E8 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon Powershot S100 S110 S120  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011-2013 720p-1080p video 12.1MP and above versions - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 1100D DSLR Camera aka Rebel T3 SLR, EOS Kiss X50 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 720p 10Mpixels Lithium  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 650D 700D aka Rebel T4i T5i T6i SLR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012-2013 1080p 18Mpixels Lithium LP-E8 articulating flip out twistable screen }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon ELPH 300 HS (IXUS 220 HS) 230 100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 blogging camera }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon PowerShot N 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013  12.1 MP CMOS, DIGIC 5 Wifi Lithium Battery Pack NB-9L }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon Powershot G7 X, G7X-II 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014-2016 1080p video 12.1MP and above versions - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 1300D DSLR Camera aka Rebel T6 SLR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 1080p 16Mpixels Lithium  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon Powershot G7x G5X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| G7X flip up and G5X flip out - same batteries - no external microphone input - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS M3 M5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| flip out - same batteries - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 60D 70D 80D 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon 6D 7D 8D 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon 5D Mark II III IV DSLR
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji FinePix A850
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FujiFilm Finepix F100fd
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji FinePix F810
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji xf1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| pocketable exr cmos 12mp }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji xt1  x-t1  x10 x-t10
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 1080p }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fujifilm x100 x100s x100t 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji xPro1 xPro2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji xt2 / x-t2 x-t20 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 4K video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GoPro HERO 3 HERO4 HERO 5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D100, D60
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2004 Compact flash storage - non interchangeable lenses up to 12.3MP sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D50, D50x 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2005  storage - 6.1MP sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D70, D80, D90 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2006 Compact flash storage - 10MP sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D40, D40x 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007  storage -  10MP sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D300, D700
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008  storage -  12.3MP sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D2Xs, D2Hs, D3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2006-2008  storage - sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D3000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 720p video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D5000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010 720p video unlike D3000 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D6000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010 16mpixel}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D7000  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010 16.2mp 720p video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon L26 L27 L28 L29 L31 Coolpix compact cameras 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 720p video - 2 AA - pocket sized }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D3100   
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 720p video 14.2mp}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D5100 DSLR
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 16.2mp  720p}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon L810 L820 L830 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012-2014 720p video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012  storage - sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D7100 D7200  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012-2014 up to 24.2mp 1080p video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D3200  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 1080p 24MPixel}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D5200 D5300  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 24.1MP 1080p }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D800 D600 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 1080p video sd card storage - dust/oil issue at start}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D3300 DSLR
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 24.2MP 1080p  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D500, a high-performance DX-format (APS-C) DSLR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D3400 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 24.2MP 1080p }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D5500 D5600 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016-2018 24.1MP 1080p }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D810 D610 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 1080p video sd card storage }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D7300 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 4K UHD video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D900 D850 D820 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 4k 46MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus C-370 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2004 3.2mp }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus Camedia C-725 Ultrazoom
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2004 3mp aa batteries, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus Evolt E-500
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2005 8mp  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus Evolt E-410 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus Evolt E-510
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007 10MP Live MOS sensor with TruePic III processor,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus E-420
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 10mp, compactflash and xD cards,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus E-520
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 10mp, compactflash and xD cards,  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus E-620
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 12.3mp, compactflash, xD and microdrive cards,  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus E-30 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus E-450 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 10mp,  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax * ist DS DSLR camera
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2005 6.1mp  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax K10D
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2006 10.2mp APS-C CCD no video and older manual Pentax K-mount lenses}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax K20D
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2008 14.6MP APS-C but no video recording mode }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax K30 K-5 II 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2012 16MP full HD (1080p) recording at 24/25/30 fps}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax K-3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 24MP 1080p  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax K-3 II
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2015 24MP  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax K-3 III
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 25.7MP BSI CMOS sensor  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic Lumix LZ10 LZ20 DMC-LZ30 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 720p video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic TZ1 TZ5  TZ9 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic Lumix GH1 GH2 like the DMC-GH2HEB-K - GH3 DMC-GH3HEB-K 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| Four Thirds (GH2)  MFT Micro Four Thirds (GH3) limited to 29mins recording }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic AF series AF100 AF101 AF102 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic Lumix DMC-G2 DMC-G3 G5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic TZ60 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic DMC LX7 10 LX15 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic GF7 GX8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic G80 G85 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| micro 4/3 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic GH4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| micro 4/3 - shooting in MOV or MP4 formats recording limited to sd card size but split files because the FAT32 file system only supports files up 4GB in size, which amounts to around 5 minutes of 4K (100mbps) footage - GH4 appears to create 4GB files as a rule, regardless of whether the memory card’s file system supports larger files or not - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic GH5 gx80 gx85 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| Effective: 20.3 Megapixel 5184 x 3888 - 2 sd card slots compatible with high-speed, high capacity UHS-II - sd card v rating like the v90 should record at 60MB/s to be compatible with the GH5 in the All-I format - possible file corruption with .mdt files - new firmware 2.0 update, the Panasonic GH5 becomes the first 5K - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic FZ2000 FZ2500 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung WB100 WB1100 WB150 WB2200 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 16MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung NX11 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung  NX200, NX20, NX1000 and NX210
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 20.3Mp APS-C sized CMOS image sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sanyo Xacti CG65
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sanyo 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Alpha DSLR-A100
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2005 6.1MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Cyber-shot DSC camera models W110 W220 H300 H400 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Alpha DSLR-A200
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 10.2MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Alpha DSLR-A230
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 10.2MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony A290 DSLR Camera 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010 14.2MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Cybershot HX20V HX30V 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 18mp 720p  - steady shot unit / optical block can cause buzzing noise and/or jumping image in lcd / viewfinder - dots are dirt and this voids the warranty }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Cybershot HX50V HX60V 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 20.2MP 1080p  - steady shot unit / optical block can cause buzzing noise and/or jumping image in lcd / viewfinder - dots are dirt and this voids the warranty }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony A77 A99 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony WX100 WX150 wx220 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 2014 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony NEX-6 Sony NEX-7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 16 to 24MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony NEX-3N Sony NEX-5N 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 16MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α58 Sony α68 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 20.1 MP  2014 24mp }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony rx100 mk III 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 20.1MP 1.0-type back-illuminated Exmor R CMOS sensor, often after boot-up, the motor starts running for no reason for first versions' -  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α5000 a5000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 20.1 Megapixel APS-C Exmor APS HD CMOS 1080p Sony E-mount [https://github.com/ma1co/Sony-PMCA-RE hack] using [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8M4hR9HiOzM this] }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α6000 a6000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 24MP APS-C sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α7 A7S a7r a7c 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 mirror less - more compact }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α77 II, α99 II, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2015 24.3 MP,  2016 42.4mp   }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony rx100 mk IV V 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2015 2016 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony RX0 RX zero, RX0 II
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2015 2017 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α6500 a6500 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 24.2MP APS-C sensor 4K }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α7 Alpha 7 II E-mount interchangeable lens mirrorless camera 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2017 24.2mp,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α7 A7Sii a7r a7c 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 mirror less - more compact }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony a7 III α77 ILCE7M3/B Full-Frame Mirrorless Interchangeable-Lens Camera
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 24.2mp,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony ZV-1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 24mm optical zoom, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony ZV-1F
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 entry-level vlogging, 1-inch 20.1MP, ultra-wide 20mm f/2 prime lens}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}

&lt;pre &gt;
Lens Mounts

Canon EF EF-S
Nikon F 
Panasonic 
Olympus OM 
Pentax DA, FA, F, A, M, and K series
Fujifilm X mount 
&lt;/pre &gt;

&lt;pre &gt;
Sensors

APS-C 
S35 
Full Frame 
43 Four Thirds 
M43 MFT Micro four thirds 
&lt;/pre &gt;


=== Digital Voice Recorder Dictaphone Dictation Machine Handheld ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-7000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested 2011 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-7200
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|untested 2012 no usb }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-7500 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested 2012 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-7600 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested 2013 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus WS-100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-7700 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-8600 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-711PC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-712PC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-731PC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus WS-811
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested slide out usb-a - aaa battery - ok recordings }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-540PC Olympus VN-541PC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Philips DVT1250
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony ICD-UX470
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony ICD-UX560
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony ICD-UX570 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}


=== USB eBooks Readers drm free EPUB version 2.0.1 (2007), 3.0 (2011), 3.1 (2015) or [https://www.w3.org/TR/epub-33/ 3.3 (2024)] [https://github.com/thansen0/sample-epub-minimal epub examples] formats access ===

EPUB file format is an open standard based on XHTML for content and XML for metadata, contained in a zip file archive 

PDF v2.0 in 2017, 2009 takeover by ISO Org, 1.7 in 2006 , 1.6 in 2005, 1.4 in 2001, 1.3 in 1999, 1.0 in 1993 


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Access
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Barnes and Noble Nook Simple Touch NST BNRV300 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2080
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0003
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;when finding the right micro usb cable that works, internal nook memory not accessible but sd card fat32 readable and writable outside 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2011 6in 600x800 e-ink 16 grayscale .jpg}} battery remove sd card and Torx T5 back top for Cameron Sino CS-BNR003SL - USA 1.2.2 md5sum 351e26527e80156183e74be2da2ce89f *nook_1_2_update.zip - 1.2.1 UK fdba3981f7f221cc5143db6329645bc2 *nook_1_2_update.zip - skip registration, Turn on the device, but do NOT start setting it up. Hold down the top right button on the front of the device and slide your finger from left to right across the top of the E Ink screen. A ‘Factory’ button should appear in the top left corner of the screen. Press it. Once in the Factory menu, hold down the top right button on the front of the device and tap the bottom right corner of the screen should now see a ‘Skip Oobe’ button. Tap that and the Nook should finally load the home screen. Poor battery management - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Barnes and Noble Nook Simple Touch with Glowlight 
*2012 Nook Simple Touch with GlowLight BNRV350 
*2013 Nook GlowLight BNRV500
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2080
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0004 0x0007 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2012 untested }} perform a hard reset: Turn off the nook completely, turn it on, as soon as you see the screen flash begin holding the bottom page turn buttons until the screen flashes with a message asking reset, press the 'n' key twice to start the reset - Poor battery management - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nook Glowlight 4 Plus 7.8-inch screen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} Poor battery management - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
*NOOK 1st Edition (2009-2018) BNRZ100
*NOOK Color (2010-2024) BNRV200
*NOOK Tablet (8GB/16GB) (2011-2024) BNTV250A / BNTV250
*NOOK HD (2012-2024) BNTV400 
*NOOK HD+ (2012-2024) BNTV600 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elonex 511EB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;045e:ffff
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2009 untested Preferences-&gt;advanced-&gt;debug device detection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://jaforeck.wordpress.com/2012/08/05/ready-to-meet-viktor-navorski-gained-access-to-elonex-621ebs-terminal-52/ Elonex 621EB] eBook 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1f85
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1688
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;unlocked ootb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2010 untested usb mini charging 6&quot; diagonal eInk Screen - 800 x 600 pixels, 8 Level 166dpi Paperlike screen, Embedded 1GB Flash NAND, full SD Card Slot up to 16GB - WAV, MP3, JPG, PNG, BMP, GIF support and ePub and PDF(with reflow) (TXT, HTML) support}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elonex 700eb 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2011 untested adjust screen blanking by menu then settings then device standby, you can then turn it off}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iRiver Story HD eBook 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} freescale imx.508 arm mcimx508cvkbb cpu with 2gb samsung nand, m13892aj charging chip, eb07_main_mp1_110321 mobo, mini usb, atheros ar61026 wifi - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iRiver Story 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kobo Rakuten Touch A/B	kobo3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kobo Touch C, Kobo Mini, Kobo Glo N613, Kobo Aura HD N514 N204	kobo4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kobo Aura, Kobo Aura H2O, kobo5
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2013 6in untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kobo Aura H2O Edition 2 v1, Kobo Glo HD, Kobo Touch 2.0, Kobo Aura ONE N709, Kobo Aura ONE Limited Edition, Kobo Aura Edition 2 v1 N236,	kobo6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kobo Aura H2O Edition 2 v2, Kobo Aura Edition 2 v2, Kobo Nia, Kobo Clara HD, Kobo Forma, Kobo Libra H2O	kobo7
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kobo Elipsa, Kobo Sage	kobo8
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
*Kobo Libra 2  kobo9, Kobo Clara 2E	kobo10, Kobo Elipsa 2E	kobo11
*Kobo Libra Colour	kobo13, Kobo Clara BW, Kobo Clara Colour	kobo12
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pandigital Personal eReader aka? Papyre 6.2 very similar to BQ Avant Firmware
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PRS 300 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PRS 350 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2009 epub bbeb cbz untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PRS-650
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle K1 D00111 - Main Menu=: Settings: Menu=: Device Info shows S/N 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0002
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;256mb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2007 untested Marvell Xscale PXA255}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle K2, D00511 170-1012-00, D00701 D00801 S11S01B  
* k2 means K2 US
* k2i means K2 GW
* dx means KDX US
* dxi means KDX GW
* dxg means KDX Graphite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0003
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;2gb unless jb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2010 untested Freescale i.MX31 }} the Kindle is a small computer running Linux 2.6 on an ARM processor
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMAZON Kindle D00901 3rd Gen with keyboard - Menu, Settings for S/N and then Menu again to choose Update 
* S/N starts B006 means k3g aka K3 3G US 
* S/N starts B008 means k3w aka K3 WiFi 
* S/N starts B00A means k3gb aka K3 3G UK EU 
 - debug mode with ;debugON and ~help
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0004
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;{{yes|4Gb internal no access until jailbroken JB}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 with mobi and azw3 formats only - micro usb 5v 0.85a - freescale i.mx35 ARM soc with 12bit parallel interface with epson e-ink cpu, 256MB synchronous dynamic RAM, 4GB eMMC internal memory only but no sd slot, MC13892 PMIC - atheros wifi 54mbit pci-e a e keyed wifi - ?? later models wm96103 audio codec - display has 2Mbit serial memory ic on ribbon cable with 4bpp inverse grayscale display not touchscreen - 3g module - screen replacement really annoying - 4 test points near T07 = TX RX GND ? - as of 2025, JB v0.13.N, MKK2014, MKK2025, KUAL, KoReader Legacy2025, and maybe later SS v0.47.N, Python 0.14.N, Fonts v5.16.N, USBNet v0.57.N - USB-downloader mode when Vol+ is pressed during startup - Shift + Alt + M for Minesweeper - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon Kindle 4th Generation k4 D01100 two buttons, square movement and two buttons at bottom 
*B00E 
plastic back clipped in [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LV1dyNkjjro many places] and strongly taped down to battery cover 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0005
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;2gb unless jb with USB MS, USBMS aka also known as USB MSC or UMS
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 once back off use Torx T5 to remove battery cover screws - battery glued down S2011-001-A 515-1058-01 DR-A015 MC-265360 - Freescale i.MX508 SOC, 2Gb eMMC storage, 256MiB of LPDDR1, MC13892 PMIC - vendor modified u-boot imximage based on u-boot v2009.08 - USB-downloader mode press the fiveway down button during startup resetmykindle - as of 2025 upgrade firmware from 4.1.x and to 4.1.4, sign into account and copy jb.1.8 bits, mkk-2014, mkk-2025, kual and then uninstall kual, koreader2025 - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle Touch WiFi (Kindle 5th Gen) D01200 K5, KT
*Once signed into an Amazon Account get S/N under Settings -&gt; Device Options
*B00F 	Kindle Touch 3G + WiFi (Kindle 5) (U.S. and Canada) [Mostly]
*B011 	Kindle Touch WiFi (Kindle 5)
*B010 	Kindle Touch 3G + WiFi (Kindle 5) (Europe) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0006
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;4gb unless jb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 touchscreen i.MX508 SOC, 256MiB of LPDDR1 and USB-downloader mode by the SOC microcode when a specific key is pressed during startup: the home button on model D01200 - update firmware 5.3.2 to 5.3.7.3, access account, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle PaperWhite 3G + WiFi (U.S.) [Mostly] PW 
&lt;pre&gt;
B024 	Kindle PaperWhite WiFi 
B01B 	Kindle PaperWhite 3G + WiFi (U.S.) [Mostly]
B020 	Kindle PaperWhite 3G + WiFi (Brazil) 
B01C 	Kindle PaperWhite 3G + WiFi (Canada)
B01D 	Kindle PaperWhite 3G + WiFi (Europe)
B01F 	Kindle PaperWhite 3G + WiFi (Japan)
&lt;/pre&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0007
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;2gb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 Freescale i.MX508 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0008
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;2gb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle PaperWhite 2 (2013) PW2 
*B0D4, 90D4 WiFi (U.S., Intl.) 
*B05A, 905A WiFi (Japan)
*B0D5, 90D5 3G + WiFi (U.S.) [Mostly]
*B0D6, 90D6 3G + WiFi (Canada] 
*B0D7, 90D7 3G + WiFi (Europe)
*B0D8, 90D8 3G + WiFi (Russia)
*B0F2, 90F2 3G + WiFi (Japan)
*B017, 9017 WiFi (4GB) (U.S., Intl.)
*B060, 9060 3G + WiFi (4GB) (Europe)
*B062, 9062 3G + WiFi (4GB) (U.S.) [Mostly]
*B05F, 905F 3G + WiFi (4GB) (Canada)
*B061, 9061 3G + WiFi (4GB) (Brazil) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0009
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;2gb or 4gb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| PW2 uses Freescale/NXP i.MX6 SoloLite  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle Paperwhite 3 PW3 i.e. Kindle 7th gen 
*G090G1 (2015) WiFi 
*G090G2 (2015) 3G + WiFi (U.S.) [Mostly] 
*G090G4 (2015) 3G + WiFi (Mexico)
*G090G5 (2015) 3G + WiFi (Europe, Australia) 
*G090G6 (2015) 3G + WiFi (Canada)
*G090G7 (2015) 3G + WiFi (Japan) 
*G090KB (2015) WiFi 
*G090KC (2015) 3G + WiFi (Japan) 
*G090KE (2016) 3G + WiFi (International) White 
*G090KF (2016) 3G + WiFi (International) White 
*G090LK (2016) WiFi, 32GB (Japan) 
*G090LL (2016) WiFi, 32GB (Japan) White 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x000A
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;4gb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| ease up glued down front bezel rim panel gently, remove 11 screws underneath and lift screen up from bottom end - battery underneath -  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle PaperWhite 4 (2018) PW4
*G000PP, G8S0PP WiFi, 8GB
*G000T6, G8S0T6 WiFi, 32GB
*G000T1  WiFi+4G, 32GB
*G000T2  WiFi+4G, 32GB (Europe)
*G00102  WiFi, 8GB (India)
*G000T3  WiFi+4G, 32GB (Japan)
*G0016T, G8S16T WiFi, 8GB Twilight Blue
*G0016Q, G8S16Q WiFi, 32GB Twilight Blue
*G0016U  WiFi, 8GB Plum
*G0016V, G8S16V WiFi, 8GB Sage 
*G00103  WiFi, 32GB (India) 
*G0016R  WiFi, 32GB Plum
*G0016S  WiFi, 32GB Sage 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x000B
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;8gb or 32gb
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| Freescale/NXP i.MX6 SoloLite }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle Oasis 2 and 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;8gb or 32gb
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| NXP i.MX7D  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle Paperwhite 5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;8gb or 16gb
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| MediaTek MT8110  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle 11 Scribe 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;8gb or 16gb
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| MediaTek MT8113 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle Paperwhite 6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;16gb or 32gb
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle Paperwhite Gen 11 and 12 - Signature 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;16Gb or 32Gb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 account not blocked,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/Modos-Labs Modos Labs] open source e-ink 60Hz 75Hz caster controller and glider monitor 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xteink X3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.xteink.com Xteink X4] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 4.3in 220ppi no touchscreen so [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R7RuokaVauo buttons navigation] - 650mAh battery - micro-sd slot up to 512Gb covering epub, txt, and jpg in directories with [https://github.com/crosspoint-reader crosspoint reader] esp32 cpu custom rom firmware using [https://xteink.dve.al/ Flash website] on usb-c but no ecosystem store 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Access
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon D01400 Kindle Fire (1st Generation) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2010 too old }} android 2.3 and touchscreen digitizer fails often, battery SWE P/N 1002000004742 Model KC1 (EU) QP01 (US) 16.28whr, ti 257epl9l omap 4430 with elpida 88164b3pf-10-f88164b3pf or hynix,  mobo ??,, DAOKC1MB8F0 Rev F, ti aic3110 audio codec, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon Fire 7in X43260 X43Z60 2nd Gen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 untested FireOS Android 4 omap 4460 and PowerVR SGX540}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon Kindle Fire HD (3rd Gen) P48WVB4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon 
*Amazon Fire HD10 (2015) 
*Amazon Fire HD8 (2015)	
*Amazon Fire HD7 (2015)	(5th Generation) 7 inch 8GB SV98LN 
*Amazon Fire HD7 (2014)	
*Amazon Fire HD6 (2014) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|untested android 5.1 max}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
*Amazon Fire 10 (2017) 
*Amazon Fire 8 (2017) 7th Gen 8 inch SX034OT 
*Amazon Fire 7 (2017) (7th Generation) 7 inch 16GB (SR043KL) 
*Amazon Kindle Fire 7 (7th Generation) 7 inch 8GB WIFI Tablet (SR043KL) 
*Amazon Fire HD8 (2016)	
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| Android 5.1 max 7in screen resolution of 1024 x 600, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
*Amazon Fire 10/10+ (2021) 
*Amazon Fire 8/8+ (2020) 
*Amazon Fire 10 (2019) 
*Amazon Fire 7 (2019) 
*Amazon Kindle Fire 7 9th Gen 16GB M8S26G 
*Amazon Fire 8 (2018) 8th Gen 8 inch 32GB L5S83A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| android 9 max}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon 
*Amazon Fire HD 10 (2023)	
*Amazon Fire Max 11 (2023)	
*Amazon Fire 8 (2022)	
*Amazon Fire 7 (2022)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| android 11 max}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon Kindle Scribe 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Minimal Phone, Mudita Kompakt 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| eink }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bigme B751C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2022 android untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bigme B7 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bigme B6
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 android based color eink small - 300dpi b/w 150ppi color -}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bigme 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| e-ink }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bigme Hibreak Pro, Hisense A9
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| e-ink}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iFlyTech AINote 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iFlyTech AINote 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meebook 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Page Palma 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 android untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Leaf3C
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Go Color 7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 untested 7in e-ink e-reader android tablet }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx BooxTab Ultra X C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Note Max Air4 C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Leaf5C
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Poke6S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Go 10.3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox MC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| color e-ink 13.3in }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Go 10.3 (Gen 2) Lumi 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 b/w eink with front light, no EMR annd capacitance pen,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Moaan Pantone 6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;reMarkable 1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2021 untested but subscriptions needed for some features }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;reMarkable 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 untested but subscriptions needed for some features }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;reMarkable Paper Pro Move 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 untested but subscriptions needed for some features }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;reMarkable 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 untested but subscriptions needed for some features}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;reMarkable 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Supernote A5 X2 Manta
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Supernote A6 X2 Nomad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Supernote 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tolino Vision 2 3 4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tolino Epos2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Viwoods AI Paper and AI Paper Mini 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


==printer.class==

As the only printer driver that AROS supports natively is Postscript, our focus is on applications that generally output postscript formatted data for printing purposes. 
There has been an attempt at recent AirPrint support 

*Inkjet 


*Laser 


Start simple and then test every higher level...

* can if you ping your printer (the IP addy is good)?
* set up LPR/IPP to talk to that known good IP address.
* see if you can copy a few words of plain ASCII text to the IPP/LPR device (do you have a connection)?
* see if you can find a simple postscript file and then copy it to the IPP/LPR device.
* see if you can set up to print directly to the IPP/LPR device (set &quot;Output file&quot; to PRT: or LPR:).
* see if you can set up a PS printer config to the IPP/LPR device.
* go back and try the tests with the other driver (LPR or IPP).


See [http://www.irseesoft.de/tp_drive7.htm here] for compatibility with TP7 (TurboPrint 7) Last update 2004. Not tested under emulation. Janus-UAE, Emumiga, Amiberry etc 


usbparallel.device

untested with USB-&gt;Centronics - The printer.class is rather 'clever'. It remembers to which unit the printers were connected (until you reboot). So if you first plug in Printer1, it gets unit 0, and Printer2 gets unit 1. If you now remove both printers and replug Printer2, it still will get unit 1 and not 0. This is used not to confuse the programs using the different units (moreover, if some program uses the usbparallel.device unit of an USB printer, and the printer is unplugged, the device unit cannot be freed immediately as the application still keeps it open). 


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Beige cream D shape centronics end (Prolific chipset?) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Belkin F5U002v1 centronics end (chipset?) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Belkin F5U002VEA v2 centronics end (Prolific PL2305L chipset) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| DYNAMODE USB-C-PP-1284 USB to 36pin (Prolific 2305 chipset) 
| 0x067b
| 0x2305
| 0x02
| {{N/A|untested but similar to BAFO below}}
|-
| IOGear GUC1284B 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| My-Link (raised ellipse on centronics plastic end) (unknown chipset) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested but more expensive }}
|-
| NEWLink (Prolific chipset?) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Targus PA096E centronics end (chipset?) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| TRENDnet ware TU-P1284
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| True PnP (Prolific chipset 2305) cheap 36pin Centronics (series of ridges along both short sides) 
| 0x067b
| 0x2305
| 2.00
| {{N/A|untested on BAFO BF-1284 but reports of poor quality and lack of support on other OSs }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| Transparent See Through Blue 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested but possible poor quality build }}
|-
| Dynamode USB-PARALLEL 25pin female (prolific) 
| 0x067b
| 0x2305 
| 0x02 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| FDL USB to 25pin 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| PlusKom USB to 25pin female connector for printer (IEEE 1284) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| QinHeng Electronics (CH340S chipset) 
| 0x1a86
| 0x7584
| 
| {{N/A|untested curvy sides - flat top }}
|-
| StarTech 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Syba SD-USB-DB25 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}


Postscript interpreters (eg ghostscript) have been developed as a cheaper option which sit in between postscript data streams and non postscript printers.

Ghostscript has internal printer drivers

 gs -h

and with something like

 gs -sDEVICE=stcolor -r300 -sOutputFile=RAM:tempfile gs813:examples/tiger.ps
 copytopar ram:tempfile

It checks if in RAM: exists a outputfile (Cinnamon can export to PS postscript) then it sends this via copytopar to the printer. There was only support for parport (parallel) but Terminillis added support for USB and ethernet. A big issue with using ghostscript for drivers is that data has to originate as postscript (.PS) file.

 gs -dSAFER -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -sDEVICE=ljet4 -sOutputFile=RAM:tempfile RAM:file.pdf

the ljet4 output device generates PCL

also the pxlmono driver, which generates more generic PXL (PCL 6)

 gs -q -sstdout=%stderr -sDEVICE=pswrite -sOutputFile=- -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -dPARANOIDSAFER testpage-a4.ps &gt; test.pdf

 gs -q -sstdout=%stderr -sDEVICE=pxlmono -sOutputFile=- -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -dPARANOIDSAFER test.pdf &gt; test.pxl


Printers supported by ghostscript...Explanation [http://freebooks.by.ru/view/RedHatLinux6Unleashed/rhl6u151.htm here] or [http://www.gnu.org/software/ghostscript/devices.html here] and [http://pages.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/doc/printer.htm here]

&lt;pre&gt;
bit            cljet5          ljet4d          pjxl300         pxlcolor
bitcmyk        cljet5c         ljetplus        pkm             pxlmono
bitrgb         deskjet         nullpage        pkmraw          stp
bj10e          djet500         pbm             pksm            tiff12nc
bj200          epswrite        pbmraw          pksmraw         tiff24nc
bjc600         faxg3           pcx16           png16           tiffcrle
bjc800         faxg32d         pcx24b          png16m          tiffg3
bmp16          faxg4           pcx256          png256          tiffg32d
bmp16m         ijs             pcxcmyk         pnggray         tiffg4
bmp256         jpeg            pcxgray         pngmono         tifflzw
bmp32b         jpeggray        pcxmono         pnm             tiffpack
bmpgray        laserjet        pdfwrite        pnmraw          uniprint
bmpmono        lj5gray         pgm             ppm             x11
bmpsep1        lj5mono         pgmraw          ppmraw          x11alpha
bmpsep8        ljet2p          pgnm            psgray          x11cmyk
cdeskjet       ljet3           pgnmraw         psmono          x11gray2
cdj550         ljet3d          pj              psrgb           x11gray4
cdjcolor       ljet4           pjxl            pswrite         x11mono
cdjmono
&lt;/pre&gt;


==rawwrap.class - some old flatbed scanners supported==

Scandal is the MUI frontend to [http://www.ppa.pl/bugtracker/ Betascan Bugtracker] and [http://aminet.net/search?query=betascan Search for Betascan scanner drivers] derived from [http://www.sane-project.org/sane-backends.html sane backends] 


[http://www.sane-project.org/sane-backends.html#S-EPSON2 Epson2] 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Expression 1600 1640XL 1680 10000XL
| 0x04b8
| 0x0107 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Prefection 1200U, 1200 Photo, 
| 0x04b8
| 0x0104
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Perfection 1240U
| 0x04b8
| 0x010b
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{[https://amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?topic_id=45760&amp;forum=25 works]|Needs 24V 0.8A psu but in Trident, click on &quot;Classes&quot;, then on &quot;rawwrap.class&quot;, then on &quot;Configure&quot;. There, under &quot;Global&quot;, activate the Option &quot;Bind to Vendor/Unknown Interfaces&quot;. Now go to the second tab &quot;Default Interface&quot; and select/enter these values: 
Default usbraw.device Unit: 0
Exclusive access: Yes
Out NAK Timeout: 20000ms
In NAK Timeout: 20000ms
In Buffer Mode: No buffering
Buffer Size: 36 KB
Short Reads Terminate: Yes
Now click on &quot;Use as Default&quot; and select &quot;Devices&quot; on the left. There, click on your scanner and click on &quot;Class Scan&quot;. Now close Trident by clicking on &quot;Save&quot;. }}
|-
| Perfection 1640SU Photo
| 0x04b8
| 0x010a
| 0x0104
| {{yes|works, even the transparency unit}}
|-
| Perfection 1650 Photo, 1660 Photo, 3200 Photo
| 0x04b8
| 0x011c
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Perfection 2400 Photo, 2450 Photo 
| 0x04b8
| 0x011b 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Perfection 4870 Photo, 4990 Photo, 
| 0x04b8
| 0x0128
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Perfection V700 V750 Photo
| 0x04b8
| 0x012c
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Stylus CX2800 2900 3200 3500 3600 3650 3700 3800 3900

Stylus CX4100 4200 3500 4600 4700 4800 4900 500 5100 5200 5300 5400 5900
| 0x04b8 
| 0x0802 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Stylus Office BX300F USB 
| 0x04b8
| 0x0848
| 
| {{yes| works with good scan quality}}
|-
|}


[http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/ gt68xx] scanners based on the Grandtech GT-6801 and GT-6816 &quot;System-On-Chip&quot; scanner chipsets 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Artec Ultima 2000 and e+, Trust Flat Scan USB 19200 (ePlus2k.usb / Gt680xfw.usb) 
| 0x05d8
| 0x4002
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Genius Colorpage Vivid3x 4x 1200x
| 0x0458
| 0x2011 to 0x201f
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  (ccd548.fw)}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lexmark	X70	also X73 [http://subfusion.net/drivers/oslo3071b2.usb OSLO3071b2.usb]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x043d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x002d
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Medion/Lifetec/Tevion/Cytron MD/LT 9375 and Artec Ultima 2000, MD LT 9385 Gt680xfw.usb 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x05d8
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x4002
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| BearPaw 2448 CS and TA Plus [http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/firmware/A2Nfw.usb A2Nfw.usb]
| 0x055f
| 0x021a
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009  }}
|-
| Mustek BearPaw 1200 CS 
| 0x055f
| 0x021e
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  ([http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/firmware/A1fw.usb A1fw.usb])}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mustek 1200 CU Plus Scanner [http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend PS1Dfw.usb / SBSfw.usb]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2000 }}
|-
| Mustek ScanExpress 1200 UB plus, Trust Compact Scan USB 19200, ScanMagic 1200 UB Plus
| 0x05d8
| 0x4002 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  ([http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/firmware/sbfw.usb sbfw.usb])}}
|-
| Mustek ScanExpress 1248 UB aka PC-World PC Line PCL-3000 
| 0x055f
| 0x021f
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| ([http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/firmware/SBSfw.usb SBSfw.usb])}}
|-
| Mustek BearPaw 2400CS TA aka Goodmans GSC 12/24
| 0x055f
| 0x0218
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| (Transparency adapter untested) }}
|-
| BearPaw 2400 CS aka TA Plus
| 0x055f
| 0x0219
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  (Transparency adapter) }}
|-
| Packard Bell Diamond 1200 Plus
| 0x055f
| 0x021c or 0x021b 
| 0x0
| {{yes|works - [http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/ firmware required] but slow usb 1.1 speed with poor quality output (scanner fault not scandal)}}
|-
| Packard Bell Diamond 2400 Plus aka BearPaw 2400 CU Plus [http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/ PS2Dfw2.usb firmware rename to PS2Dfw.usb]
| 0x055f
| 0x021d 
| 1.00
| {{yes|works slow usb 1.1 speed with ok quality output (scanner fault not scandal)}}
|-
| Plustek OpticPro 1248U
| 0x07B3
| 0x0400 0x0401
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| (ccd548.fw)}}
|-
| Plustek OpticSlim 2400
| 0x07b3
| 0x0422
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  (cis3R5B1.fw)}}
|-
| Visioneer OneTouch 7300
| 0x04a7
| 0x0444
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  (Cis3r5b1.fw)}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mustek ScanEpress 1200 UB (Plus) clone [http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/ use mustek_usb backend]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x055f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0006
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


Lexmark - needs testing
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Lexmark X1110 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Lexmark X1140
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Lexmark X1150 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Lexmark X1170 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Lexmark X1180 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Lexmark X1185
| 0x043d
| 0x007c
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Lexmark X12xx 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested in USB1.1, not fully tested in USB2.0}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Dell A920 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


HP - no driver
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| HP ScanJet 4100C
| 0x03f0 
| 0x0101
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| HP ScanJet 5200C
| 0x03f0 
| 0x0401
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| HP ScanJet 62X0C
| 0x03f0 
| 0x0201
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| HP ScanJet 63X0C
| 0x03f0 
| 0x0601
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| HP  
| 0x03f0
| 0x0102, 0x0105, 0x0205, 0x0305, 0x0405
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| HP
| 0x03f0
| 0x0705, 0x0805, 0x0901, 0x0a01
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| HP
| 0x03f0
| 0x1205, 0x1305, 0x2005, 0x2205
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


Plustek [http://www.sane-project.org/sane-backends.html#S-PLUSTEK LM983x] - no driver
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Plustek OticPro U12 UT12 UT16 U24 UT24
| 0x07B3
| 0x0010 to 0x0017
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| KYE/Genius Colorpage HR6-V2 HR6A HR7 HR7LE HR6X
| 0x0458
| 0x2008 to 0x2016 
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Hewlett-Packard ScanJet 2100C and 2200C
| 0x03F0
| 0x0505 and 0x0605
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Mustek BearPaw 1200 and 2400 
| 0x0400 	
| 0x1000 and 0x1001
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| UMAX 3400/3450 and 5400 	
| 0x1606
| 0x0050, 0x0060 and 0x0160 
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Epson Perfection 1250 and 1260
| 0x04B8
| 0x010f and 0x011d
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| CANON CanoScan N650/656U N1220U D660U N670/676U N1240U LIDE20 LIDE25 LIDE30
| 0x04A9
| 0x2206 to 0x2220
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


[http://snapscan.sourceforge.net/ SnapScan] - no driver
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Acer Benq 310U, 320U, 340U
| 0x4a5
| 0x0
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Acer Benq 620U, 620UT, 640U, 640UT
| 0x4a5
| 0x20
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Acer Benq 1240 3300 4300
| 0x4a5
| 0x020
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Agfa SnapScan e10 e20 e25 e26 e40 e42 e50 e52
| 0x06bd
| 0x20
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Epson Perfection 660
| 0x04b8
| 0x0114
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Epson Perfection 1270 1670
| 0x04b8
| 0x0
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Epson Perfection 2480 2580
| 0x04b8
| 0x0
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Epson Perfection 3490 3590
| 0x04b8
| 0x0
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Mitsubishi
| 0x0
| 0x0
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}

==hub.class (self-powered and external ac powered hubs)==

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Dynamode USB-H41 4 ports 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Belkin 4 Port 
| 
| 
| 
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| Conrad
| 
| 
| 
| {{yes|[http://www.a1k.org/forum/showthread.php?t=11432 works on a1k forum] }}
|-
| DLink DUB-H4 AC Adapter 
| 0x05e3
| 0x0608
| High 0200
| {{maybe|WARNING Genesys Logic Hub Broken - Will cause failures with USB}}
|-
| [http://service.targa.co.uk/faq.php?lang_id=2&amp;baseid=178&amp;artdesc=SilverCrest+USB+Hub+2040&amp;artid=760&amp;artpic=silvercrestHUB2040.jpg SilverCrest 4-port slim USB 2.0 HUB - HUB2040 (40775) - Targa GmbH]
| 0x05e3
| 0x0608
| 0901
| {{yes|works  Genesys Logic, Inc., [http://service.targa.co.uk/dokumente/USB_HUB_2040_0109_manual_EN.pdf Manual]}}
|-
| Skymaster
| 0x05e3
| 0x0605
| 060B
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| No Name active 4-port
| 0x1a40
| 0x0101
| 0111
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thinkpad USB 3.0 Dock DU9019D1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17e9
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x4302
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0014
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|works a bit}} classed as dfu.class with two further USB 2.0 hubs - USB 3.0 ports detected and work (2.0 backwards compatibility) - DisplayLink DL-3900 with VIA VL811 chipset - usb ethernet not working - two dvi not working - 20V psu 2a (40w) with a 5.5 - 2.5mm tip (no bus power) - data through a-b printer/scanner usb lead - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


==Internet==

===rndis.class USB Tethering ===

The rndis class provides support for Ethernet access over Remote NDIS. Most USB based devices should be supported including smartfones.

Before opening Network Prefs, activate USB Tethering on the Smartfon, on Network prefs, type in usbrndis.device and tick &quot;Start Network during system boot&quot; and saved the configuration, the Connection is immediate no reboot is needed.

When restart AROS my Smartphone deactivates the connection and to access the network again, have to reactivate it before starting the browser.

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alcatel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|untested}}
|- 
| Huawei U8800
| 0x12d1
| 0x1039
| 
| {{yes|works}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Huawei
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|untested}}
|- 
| HTC (Android phone)
| 0x0bb4
| 0x0ffe
| 
| {{Yes|any android phone with usb tethering option}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nokia 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|untested}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Oppo 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|untested}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung Galaxy 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|untested}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iPhone
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft winPhone
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


===USB &amp;rarr; ethernet lan adaptor===

*2002 playstation 2 usb1.1 era - a little support but very old and slow 
*2006 wii asix era - a little support but very much miss than hit 
*2026 usb0: or eth0: of CDC Ethernet protocol (cdcether) with Ethernet Control Model (ECM) and [https://www.usb.org/document-library/class-definitions-communication-devices-12 others like Wireless Mobile Communication Devices WMC] and later CDC EEM (Ethernet Emulation Model) and NCM (Network Control Model) are USB Communication Device Class (CDC) protocols packing more Ethernet traffic over every USB bundle. For CDC Ethernet - NCM is better than EEM is better than ECM 


* USB1.1 Up to 010 meg broadband (1.25MBytes/s) - ADM8511, DM9601 poor speeds 
* USB2.0 Up to 400 meg broadband (60MBytes/s) - MCS7830, AX88772 a little especially the 2010 apple version but buy many as very very poor odds of working one 
* USB3.0 Over 400 meg broadband (60+MBytes/s) - not supported at the moment 


SANA (Standard Amiga Network Architecture) to usb 

ADMtek Infineon ADM8511 Pegasus II (USB 1.1 and 10Mbit/s - Sony PlayStation 2 network adapter) 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| 3Com 3c460b 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2001 }}
|-
| Abocom UFE1000 / Abocom DSB650TX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Accton USB320-EC / Accton SpeedStream Ethernet
| 0x083a
| 0x0320
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{unk|2002 }}
|-
| AEI USB Fast Ethernet / Allied Telesyn AT-USB100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2002 }}
|-
| ATEN UC-110T
| 0x0557
| 0x4000
|
| {{unk|2001 }}
|-
| BAFO USB To Ethernet Adapter BF-310
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2001 }}
|-
| Belkin F5D5050 v1 1101 
| 0x050D
| 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{maybe|2002 sometimes works from old amiga.org post which is now removed}}
|-
| Belkin F5D5050 v2 2101
| 0x050D
| 0x0121
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{no|2006 does not works}} 
|-
| Belkin F5U122-PC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Billionton USB-100 / Billionton USBLP-100
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Billionton USBEL-100 / Billionton USBE-100
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Compex LinkPort/UE202A
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| D-Link DSB-H3ETX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| D-Link DSB-650 / D-Link DSB-650TX / D-Link DSB-650TX-PNA
| 0x2001
| 0x4000
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| D-Link DU-E10 / D-Link DU-E100
| 0x2001
| 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Edimax USB Ethernet Adapter EU-4201 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Elsa AG MicroLink USB2 Lan Ethernet adapter
| 0x05cc
| 0x3000
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.01
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| GetNet
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| GIGABYTE GN-BR402W Wireless Router
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Goodway Fellowes USB UE-120 REV:V1 UE120 ADMTek 1011594 HO2419741 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07a6
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0986
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0001
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|2001 USB Specification 1.1 compliant}} 
|-
| GWC Tech USB Ethernet Adapter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Hawking UF100
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| HP HN210E / I/O DATA USB ETTX / Kingston KNU101TX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Jinco USB Ethernet Adapter 10/100 Base-T UE-110
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Kouwell USB to Ethernet 588A
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Linksys USB10T / TA / TX
| 0x066b
| 0x2202
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|untested - possible peg1/peg2}}
|-
| Linksys (Cisco) USB100TX / H1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Logitec LAN-TX/U1 H2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| [http://www.mayflash.com/psps2/ps2024/ps2024.htm Mayflash PS2024] Playstation2 compatible clone of Proxim/Farallon NetLine?
| 0x07a6
| 0x8511
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.01
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|works with DHCP router option on old 32bit distros but not on newer 64bit, best to go asixeth apple 2010 but buy many of them as poor success rate i.e. a lottery}}
|-
| Netgear FA101
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Philips CPWUE01/00 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Planet UE-9500 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| PlayStation 2 SCPH-10000 50000 models 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Proxim (formerly Farallon) NetLine USB PN796-650
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Siemens SpeedStream USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| SOHOware NUB100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| SMC EZNET-USB 2202USB/ETH / SMC 2206USB/ETH
| 0x0707
| 0x0100 0x0200 0x0201
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{unk|untested but should work very well }}
|-
| Surecom EP-1427X 100/10M
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Target USB to 10/100M Fast Ethernet Converter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trendnet TU-ET100C
| 0x07a6
| 0x8511 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0
| {{yes| sometimes works well, very stable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Digitus USB NIC DN-3016-A 
| 0x07a6
| 0x8513
| 1.01
| {{unk|untested new chipset }}
|-
| Digitus lanusb ADM8515
| 0x07a6
| 0x8515
| 1.01
| {{unk|untested because new chipset }}
|-
| VE285 usblan ADMtek 8515 
| 0x07a6
| 0x8515
| 1.01
| {{no|not working as new chipset }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


Davicom DM9601 eth (USB 1.1 and up to 10Mbit/s) 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Davicom USB-100 see clone below 
| 0x0a46
| 0x9601
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2001 }}
|-
| [http://wiki.maemo.org/USB_to_ethernet_networking chinese translucent transparent crystal blue] but variants are also found in clear, white and black. Just over 6&amp;nbsp;cm long. 
| 0x0a46
| 0x9601
| 0x0
| {{yes|2002 success can be sporadic so technically okay, but lacking in reliability. Out of 4 tested by me, only 2 worked. One case cracked open. }}
|-
| Corega FEther USB-TXC
| 0x07aa
| 0x9601
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Dynamode USB-NIC-1427-100
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Hirose USB-100
| 0x0a47
| 0x9601
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| KY-RS9600
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|[http://www.amiga.org/forums/showpost.php?p=585358&amp;postcount=12 works] }}
|-
| ShanTou ST268 USB NIC
| 0x0a46
| 0x0268
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| ZT6688 USB NIC 
| 0x0a46
| 0x6688
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ICS Advent DM9601 USB 2.0 10/100M Ethenet Adaptor JP1081B 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0FE6
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x9700
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0101
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|not working 32bit and 64bit - USB 1.1 10M ethernet}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


MosChip MCS7830 (USB 2)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Digitus DN-10050
| 0x9710
| 0x7830
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2004 }}
|-
| Edimax [http://www.edimax.co.uk/images/Image/datasheet/USB/EU-4206/EU-4206.pdf EU-4206]
|
| 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2005 }}
|-
| Speed Dragon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| STLabs 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| StarTech Compact USB2105S [http://www.kustompcs.co.uk/acatalog/info_6790.html USB2106S]
| 0x9710
| 0x7830
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007 }}
|-
| Sunrich Technologies [http://www.st-lab.com/admin/upfile/UploadFile/manual/manual(u-250).zip U-250]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2006 }}
|-
| Syba 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MCS 7832 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2008 }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


* USB2 [https://www.asix.com.tw/en/product/USBEthernet Asix Ethernet] AX88178A, AX88772C, AX88772B, AX88772A (wii), AX88172A 
* USB3 AX88179A, AX88179  

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| AirLink101 AGIGAUSB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009  AX88172}}
|-
| ATEN UC210T 
| 0x0557
| 0x2009
| 0x
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| AX88172}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Billionton Systems USB2AR
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x08dd
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x90ff
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Buffalo LUA-U2-KTX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0411
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x003d
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;corega FEther USB2-TX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07aa
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0017
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no| }}
|-
| D-Link DUB-E100 up to rev A4
| 0x2001
| 0x1a00
| 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;D-Link DUB-E100 rev B1 onwards 
| 0x07d1 or 0x2001 
| 0x3c05
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|AX88172 works on Deneb with [http://amigax.com/2010/02/21/usb-ethernet-speed-test-amigaos-4-0-classic/ Amiga OS4 Classic] and [http://www.a1k.org/forum/showthread.php?t=11432 on a1k] }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;goodway corp USB gwusb2e
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1631
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x6200
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hawking UF200 
| 0x07b8
| 0x420a 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[Linksys USB200M] 
| 0x077b
| 0x2226
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|[http://www.amiga.org/forums/showpost.php?p=585601&amp;postcount=20 works] }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Netgear FA120 
| 0x0846 
| 0x1040
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested 2002 10/100 Rev.B1&quot; is silkscreened on the board of the device populating this entry (S/N: FA12254CB100409, date code 0508). This device may be manuf. by [http://www.cameo.com.tw/ Cameo] &quot;AX88172 L&quot;, &quot;F05040157&quot;, and &quot;ED3&quot; Chip1 ASIX AX88172  Chip2 Realtek RTL8201BL}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intellinet
| 0x0b95 
| 0x1720
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JVC MP-PRX1 Port Replicator
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x04f1
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3008
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ST Lab USB Ethernet
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1720
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sitecom LN-029 &quot;USB 2.0 10/100 Ethernet adapter&quot;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x6189
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x182d
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Surecom EP-1427X-2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1189
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0893
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TrendNet TU2-ET100 v2
| 0x07b8
| 0x420a 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|version 2}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;A-LINK NA1GU 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 88772}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AirLink101 ASOHOUSB Wii 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AirLive EtherWe-1000U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;APPLE AX88772 Model No. A1277 MC704LL/A P/N 825-7098-A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x05ac 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1402
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2008  usb2, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;APPLE Model No. A1277 (MB442Z/A 0885909217434) MC704ZM/A PN 825-7579-A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x05ac 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1402
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|2010 model, usb2 and controller AX88772 where prehaps 1in3 units working with owb - really poor odds i.e. a lottery, could be situation where various ethernet phy chipsets are used - press Use in network prefs after Save initial setup typing in usbasixeth.device, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ASIX AX88772 bulbous casing 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7720 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|2008 works on 32bit and 64bit though setup can take a few attempts but may have issues with phy ethernet chip changing,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Datel Wii Lan Adapter DUS0204 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EdiMax EU-4207 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Goodway HE2230 Maplin ASIX 88772 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intec LAN G5626 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;LevelOne USB-0202
| 0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x07720
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;LevelOne USB-0301
| 0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x07720
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Linksys USB200M Rev 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x13b1
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0018
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|2008 sparsely randomly working AX88772 or with &quot;Sana-II Meter Tool 37.11&quot; network monitoring program, showing continuous &quot;Bad Packet&quot; errors which could means &quot;CRC&quot; errors}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Linksys USB300M 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|2009 AX88772  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash W001 or clones Lupo/PEGA S-Wii-0680 light gray rectangular with third of one top 45 degree angled slope
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7720 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| may have randomly changed phy ethernet chips, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Max Value MVF00446 ASIN B006EG568A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7720 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|Trident prefs recognises as AX88772 sometimes works on 32bit and 64bit}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NEWLink N14050 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NEWLink Wii-ETH USB2.0
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nintendo Wii LAN Adaptor 2110566 and clones 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x07720
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|Poseidon recognises as AX88772 with usbasixeth.device sometimes works seems different ethernet phy chips can be matched affecting compatibility}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nyko Wii Net Connect 87024
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|[http://www.amiga.org/forums/showpost.php?p=585624&amp;postcount=22 works] }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;0Q0 cable ethernet
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1557
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7720
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Plugable USB2-E100 (2009/2010) Bulbous housing 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7720 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|Trident prefs recognises it as ax88772A and typing in usbasixeth.device sometimes works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sabrent KINAMAX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SpeedLink SL-3401-SGY 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TrendNet TU2-ET100 v3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UGreen 20254 USB2 to 10/100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| AX88772}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Afunta Apple-style White USB2.0 I/O Crest SY-ADA24005 ASIX Electronics Corp. AX88772A Fast Ethernet Adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x772a
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|usbasixeth.device accepted by network prefs but does not work}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon Basics USB 2.0 AX88772A
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Digitus DN-10050-1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x772a
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Edimax EU-4230  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x772a
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sabrent KINAMAX NT-USB20 AX88772A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; AX88772B USB 2.0 to 10/100M 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EdiMax EU-4208 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x772b
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Detected but not working}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech USB2100 ASIX AX88772C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.asix.com.tw/en/product/USBEthernet/High-Speed_USB_Ethernet/AX88772D AX88772D]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1790
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.asix.com.tw/en/product/USBEthernet/High-Speed_USB_Ethernet/AX88772E AX88772E]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AX88178 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2004 }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Plugable USB2-E1000 i.e. USB 2.0 to Gigabit Ethernet 10/100/1000 LAN 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 ASIX AX88178 Controller and Realtek RTL8211CL PHY}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AX88178A USB 2.0 to 10/100/1000M Gigabit Ethernet controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2005 }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AmazonBasics USB3.0 adapter [https://github.com/nothingstopsme/AX88179_178A_Linux_Driver AX88179] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cable Matters SuperSpeed USB 3.0 RJ45 adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hori Nintendo Switch 1 USB3 ethernet AX88179 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1790
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2017 AX88179 not binding to asixeth.class }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Plugable USB3-E1000  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1790
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2020 ASIX AX88179 not binding to class, USB 3.2 Gen1 to Gigabit Ethernet controller with integrated 10/100/1000Mbps Gigabit Ethernet PHY}}  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Plugable AX88179 = [https://plugable.com/products/usb3-e1000-deal USB3-E1000] before mid-2023 or USB3-E1000; AX88179A = USBC-E1000 after mid-2023
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022  controller is AX88179 phy is ??, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech USB31000SPTW ax88179 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1790
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no| AX88179 not binding to asixeth.class, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech USB31000NDS AX88179 USB-A
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech US1GC301AU AX88179 USB-c
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech US1GC30B2 AX88179A USB-c
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech USB32000SPT AX88179A USB-c Rev 1 (AX88179) Rev 2 (AX88179A) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;USB32000SPT the Lot code sticker will have a bar code accompanied by a 10 digit number. The 5th and 6th digits of this lot code number would signify the revision. (Ex. xxxx02xxxx which would indicate rev. 2)
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SYBA SY-ADA24029 Gigabit AX88179 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }} may depend on the PHY chip connected to the controller chipset
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TP-Link UE306 AX88179 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TeckNet® Orico UL677G 10/100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TeckNet® UL688G USB 3.0 10/100/1000 Base-T Ethernet port 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;AX88179 178A 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tecknet UL699G 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TrendNet TU2-ET100 v6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07b8
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|no support }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;uGreen 50922 USB3-A to 100/1000 dark grey rounded barrels 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no| ax88179 not binding to asixeth.class, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UGreen USB3-C to 100/1000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1790
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;uGreen CR111 20256 usb3 a black plastic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| AX88179}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;  AX88179A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Plugable USB3-E1000 USBC-E1000 after mid-2023 i.e. AX88179A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech USB31000SPTB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1790
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  AX88179A USB-A, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;  AX88179B
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


==USB  &amp;rarr; SerialPort Converter==

*2002 some support for early revisions of PL2303 
*2005 Prolific PL2303H PL-2303X and Pl-2303HX (same usb ids as pl2303) no support 
*2025 FTDI 232R [https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=1135&amp;highlight=232r&amp;rowstart=20 work in progress] 
*2026 CDC-ACM i.e. Serial port over USB standard 

serialpl2303.class make sure you specify serialpl2303.device or Echo &quot;Test&quot; &gt;SER1: 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| ATEN UC-232A 
| 0x0557 
| 0x2008 
| Full 0x0300
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| IOGear GUC232A 
| 0x0557  
| 0x2008 
| Full 0x0110
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Alcatel 
| 0x11f7 
| 0x02df 
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| BAFO BF-810 
| 0x067B  
| 0x2303 
| 0x0
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Belkin F5U103 
| 0x
| 0x
| 0x0
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Davibe SP611 
| 0x067B 
| 0x2303 
| 0x0 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Dcu10 
| 0x0731
| 0x0528
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Elcom 
| 0x056e
| 0x5003
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| IOData 
| 0x04bb 
| 0x0a03 
| 0x0
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Itegno 
| 0x0eba
| 0x1080
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Nokia CA42 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Radioshack 
| 0x1453
| 0x4026
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Ratoc 
| 0x0584
| 0xb000
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Samsung 
| 0x04e8
| 0x8001
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Siemens DCA-510 
| 0x067B 
| 0x2303 
| 0x0 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Sitecom CN104
| 0x6189
| 0x2068
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Sitecom CN116 
| 0x6189
| 0x2068
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Some Cut Ma620 
| 0x0df7
| 0x0620
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Speed Dragon Multimedia MS3303H 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Syntech 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tripp 
| 0x2478
| 0x2008
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Airlink101 AC-USBS
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Belkin F5U103v
| 0x067B  
| 0x2303 
| 0x0
| {{no|no driver }}
|- 
| Dynamode U232-P9
| 0x067B
| 0x2303
| 300
| {{no| no driver [http://koti.mbnet.fi/lonnberg/pl2303x.html linux patch] and using lsusb -v -d 067b:2303 gave bMaxPacketSize as 64 - pl2303x }}
|- 
| Konig CABLE-146/2 USB to RS232 
| 0x067b
| 0x2303
| 400
| {{no|no driver }}
|-
| MANHATTAN 205146 USB to Serial Converter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver }}
|- 
| Sabrent SBT-USC1M
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trendnet TU-59
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Unbranded black case and lead USB 232 Converter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x067B
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2303
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0300
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
|}


[http://www.ftdichip.com/index.html Future Technology Devices International Ltd FTDI]-FT232R.class [https://ftdichip.com/software-examples/code-examples/c-builder/ FTProg src], [http://rtr.ca/ft232r/ ft232r src], [https://ftdichip.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/DS_FT232R.pdf FT232R datasheet], [], 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0403
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x6001 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1GE-gKgHxZI beware of cheap clones fake with s/n A50285BI SN]
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lynx Astro FTDI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0403
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} FT232R 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sabrent CB-FTDI
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0403
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{no|no driver TTL-232R cables use FTDI's [http://n1mm.hamdocs.com/tiki-index.php?page=USB+Interface+Devices FT232RQ ic device] }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Startech.com 1 Port FTDI USB to Serial RS232 DB9M Adapter Cable with COM Retention ICUSB2321F 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0403
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} FT232RL Chipset
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech.com 2 Port FTDI USB to Serial RS232 Adapter Cable ICUSB2322F
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0403
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} FTDI FT2232D Chipset
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} FT232RL is the SSOP-28 and the FT232RQ is the QFN-32 package option 
|}


[https://www.onetransistor.eu/2017/08/ch341a-mini-programmer-schematic.html ch341a.class] 

*I2C EEPROMS (3.3V and 5V) compatible and also SPI FLASH memories (3.3V devices) making sure 1.8V is covered  
*each having their own [https://winraid.level1techs.com/t/guide-how-to-use-a-ch341a-spi-programmer-flasher-with-pictures/33041 4x2 connection blocks] using [https://github.com/flashrom/flashrom flashrom] 

 sudo flashrom --programmer ch341a_spi -r backup.bin
 sudo flashrom --programmer ch341a_spi -w &lt;new bios name&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Jiangsu QinHeng Ltd CH341A emulate UART communication, standard parallel port, memory parallel port and synchronous serial (I2C, SPI) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1A86
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x5512
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;QinHeng USB2.0-Serial HL-340 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1A86
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7523
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0252
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|}


==simplemidi.class and CAMD==

Currently support includes 

* simplemidi.class SimpleMidi maps some keyboard keys to corresponding computer keys as used by music trackers to emulate a musical keyboard 
* camdusbmidi.class follows the rules of the m68k implementation of Commodore's CAMD midi specification and usb class compliant 

for 

* usb host like a computer, pi, etc 
* usb device controllers - keyboards, drum machines, djay turntables, grooveboxes, etc 
* interfaces - cables or boxes which convert usb to 5pin DIN plug midi 


What is needed is a fully class-compliant '''brand name''' USB MIDI keyboard, especially manufactured in the last 15 years are best 

*Arturia
*Novation
*M-Audio
*Akai

Plugging this in one of your USB ports, the camd.library will make the keyboard's MIDI IN/OUT ports available in the system. 

Then select the keyboard's MIDI IN port (known as a &quot;cluster&quot; in CAMD) for input, and the software instrument's cluster as output 


ShowCluster (shows midi ports available in and out)

MidiWatch (usually port usbmidi.in.0 less often usbmidi.out.0) (Ctrl-C to end output stream) 
 usbmidi.in.0 Message on channel 01, NoteOn  90  39  08  00
 usbmidi.in.0 Message on channel 01, NoteOff 80  39  00  00

MidiThru (forwards messages from one port to another)
 run &gt;nil: c:midithru usbmidi.out.0 usbmidi.out.2 

MidiSendC (sends a middle C to a specific port)


Midi Controller + Sound Module (together aka as a synth) -&gt; Audio Output 


The difference between midi and midi over USB is that in old school Midi the transmitter transmits whenever it wants and the receiver always has to be prepared to receive data. Easy to do at the rate of a 1990's modem speed these days.

USB over midi.. turns midi into a polled protocol.. So the USB host (typically the computer) has to ask &quot;do you have anything for me&quot; before the remote will send. If the USB host gets busy doing other things or there is a lot of things on the USB bus to get polled, you can get delays.

For its age midi is still a great protocol for music

* [https://www.usb.org/sites/default/files/midi10.pdf USBIF's &quot;USB Device Class Definition for MIDI Devices&quot; document, version 1.0 from Nov 1, 1999]
* [https://www.usb.org/sites/default/files/USB%20MIDI%20v2_0.pdf MIDI v2.0 from 2020 which AROS still needs, adds support for MIDI 2.0, MIDI-CI, and Universal MIDI Packet] 

Nearly all synthesizers now use the 16 MIDI channels available on a MIDI bus in one instrument alone, requiring multiple MIDI busses in a typical setup with more than
one MIDI instrument. In addition, by handling multiple &quot;virtual&quot; cables, USB offers a solution to go beyond MIDI's 16-channel limit. 

MIDI data is transferred over USB using 32-bit USB-MIDI Event Packets. These packets provide an efficient method to transfer multiple MIDI streams with fixed length messages. The 32-bit USB-MIDI Event Packet allows multiple &quot;virtual MIDI cables&quot; routed over the same USB endpoint. This approach minimizes the number of required endpoints. It also makes parsing MIDI events easier by packetizing the separate bytes of a MIDI event into one parsed USB-MIDI event. 


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;25%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |CAMD
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Computer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|which acts as USB midi host to get all usb devices talking together}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hobbytronics usb host standalone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;bomebox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://neuma.studio/rpi-as-midi-host/ raspberry pi] with several midi interface(s) and linux scripting 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kenton MIDI USB Host mk3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;25%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |CAMD
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acorn Instruments Masterkey 49 device 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 untested usb powered 5V regulated - similar keybed to keystation 49es but unplug then re-plug the USB cable while it is powered the device might reconnect 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai SynthStation 25 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 - sticky rubber keys - usb 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai MPK Mini Laptop Production Keyboard 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x09e8
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x007c
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected and camd usb to use, not tested with apps}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 25 mini key self powered by mini USB lead - sustain port - no top left corner joystick - tested icaros 2.3 -  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai LPK25 LPK37 LPK49 Laptop Production Keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 untested velocity sensitive mini keys with synth action - weak mini USB port - latency issues -  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Professional APC Key 25 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai MPK49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 untested 49 key 49-key full-sized, semi-weighted keyboard with aftertouch - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AKAI Max25 MAX49 control keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Professional MPK249 MPK261 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 USB2 USB-b - full keys semi-weighted aftertouch - midi in out - sustain and peddle port 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Professional Advance 49
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai MPK Mini MKII MK2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 untested USB2 USB-b midi connection only - 4 way thumb joystick top left - 25 tiny keys - velocity drum pads - plastic build quality - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AKAI Professional APC Key 25 MK2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai MPK Mini Play
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 untested USB2 USB-b midi connection only - synth basic samples - class compliant? - small led display top centre - 25 mini keys - press and hold the &quot;Prog Select&quot; button then use the &quot;Program&quot; knob to assign a MIDI channel - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai MPK Mini 3 MKIII MK3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x09E8
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1049 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected audio class and bindings with camdusbmidi.class -  - midi in out untested - }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 USB2 USB-b midi controller connection no 5pin legacy - small led display top centre - 25 mini keys goofy uneven feel of the akai keyboards - press and hold the &quot;Prog Select&quot; button and press pad 1 to 8 to assign a MIDI channel - tested on AROS One 2.4 usb
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Force / MPC One 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Pro MPK Mini Plus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 untested 37 mini keys - class compliant device - usb-b bus powered only with 5pin midi in and out - Shift and Global for Midi Ch - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Pro Ableton Push Mk 1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Professional MPC Key 37 49 61 midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 untested USB2 usb-b
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Photon PH-25 X25 Midi &amp; USB keyboard/synth
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 midi keyboard controller  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Q25 Q49 Q61 Q88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Coda Pro Portable 88-Key Digital Piano USB MIDI Keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis V25 V49 V61 midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis V Mini 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis VI49 VI61 midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis VX49 VX61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 1 5-pin MIDI input, 1 5-pin MIDI output, 1 USB port,
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Q25 Q49 Q61 Mk2 MKII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Recital 88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis V25 V49 V61 MK2 MKII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Qmini portable 32-key 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;audiothingies MicroMonsta 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 untested synth - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;audiothingies MicroMonsta 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019  synth - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia Analog Experience “The Player” USB MIDI Master Keyboard Model APE25
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 usb-b bus powered - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniLab Mk1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe class complaint 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniLab MkII Mk2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe class complaint 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia Keystep 32 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 untested 32 mini keys  usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia KeyLab 61 88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 untested hammer-action Fatar keybed - reset Press and hold Oct + and Oct – buttons then insert the USB cable - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniLab mkII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2209 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected audio class and bindings with camdusbmidi.class -  - midi in out untested - }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 USB2 usb-b bus power - metal base heavier than most - Shift and press a key to select the MIDI Channel - To reset to original factory, unplug the USB cable, hold down the Oct- and Oct + buttons, plug the USB cable back in and continue to hold the buttons until the pads turn white - need software to change parameters like velocity sensitive assistance - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia KeyLab MK2 MKII 61 88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 untested hammer-action Fatar keybed 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MicroFreak
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 hybrid digital/analog synthesis, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PeYIAfn3UMs Arturia Minilab 3] [https://www.youtube.com/shorts/chj1WgMupGw ] [https://www.youtube.com/shorts/FMVdfhzg1Dw ]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 untested usb-c bus powered - 25 mini keys semi - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia Keystep Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniLab 3 Mk3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe class complaint 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniFreak
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia KeyLab Essential 49 61 88 mk3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 untested usb-c and 1 midi out - lack of aftertouch - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia AstroLab 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia KeyLab MK3 MKIII 61 88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 untested hammer-action Fatar keybed 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer UMX61
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-Control UMX490 UMX610 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-Control 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Swing 32-Key
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer MOTOR 49 - 49-Key USB/MIDI Master Controller Keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative EMU Xboard 25 E-MU X-Board 49 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CME M-Key Mkey 49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 stops sending MIDI on a regular basis. The simplest &quot;fix&quot; is to flip it off and on via the power switch at the back
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CME Ukey U-Key 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CME Xkey 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 low-profile aluminium  full size pressure sensitive with polyphonic aftertouch but keys make too much noise and that they can be too sensitive to velocity - low power draw 25ma 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CME M-Key 49 V2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 simplified version of the U-key Mobiltone 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CME XKEY AIR 37
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;cme xkey 37 le
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{ | }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Donner Spaceline DMK-25 Donnerdeal Rantion 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Donner DMK25 PRO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  25 mini velocity keys with limited aftertouch - usb-c powered - 8 drum pads - 3.5mm &quot;midi out&quot; socket - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{ | }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elektron Digitakt 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 expensive later midi usb class compliant with since 1.5 Update
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elecktron Digitone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elektron Digitone Keys 37-key Digital FM Synthesizer
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 expensive 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elektron Analog Four MKII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elektron Octatrak MKII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{ | }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI keycontrol 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI keycontrol 49+ 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI keycontrol 25xt
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2702 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2702
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected and usb driver working}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 bus powered or 12v 0.5a dc in - metal base so heavy - midi out 5pin - sustain pedal port - modulation slider - rubber coated knobs becomes sticky - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI keycontrol 49xt 61xt 88xt 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2702
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 12v 0.5a center pin +ve external psu required - USB i/o and 1 legacy 5pin out - full sized keys - heavy aluminium case keyboard metal base - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Evolution MK-125 MK-149
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 9v 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Evolution MK-225C MK-249C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 9v 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Evolution USB/Midi Controller MK-425C MK-449C MK-461C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|25, 49, 61 keys -  }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006  9V or 12V - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IK Multimedia iRig Keys Pro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 37 full keys 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IK Multimedia iRig Keys Pro Mobile
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 25 or 37 mini keys 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IK Multimedia iRig Keys 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 mini velocity keys no aftertouch - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IK Multimedia iRig Keys 2 PRO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 full velocity keys no aftertouch - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IK Multimedia iRig Keys 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kawai VPC 1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; weighted keys - heavy build - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keith McMillen Instruments K-Board
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; omni class compliant to all channels? each keypad makes them velocity, pressure, and location sensitive but  not really suited for piano playing 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keith McMillen  BopPad
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; omni class compliant to all channels? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg NanoKontrol 1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;mini usb
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg Prophecy 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;KORG microKONTROL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg microKEY 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 velocity-sensitive Natural Touch keys but  joystick is an alternative to the common pitch/modulation wheel design - power draw - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg nanoKey nanoPad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg Taktile 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg microKEY2 25 37 49 61 USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|2015 untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 USB powered - semi weighted - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg MiniList 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg MinKey nanoPad nanoPad 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg Nautilus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kurzweil PC3 7 series - Artis 7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;fatar TP-8 semi-weighted action  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kurzweil PC1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kurzweil PC3 A8
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Line 6 Mobile keys 25
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Line 6 POD Studio KB37 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Line 6 Tone Port KB37 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Midiman (later M-Audio) Oxygen8 Ozone Ozonic 25 32 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no|not class compliant - untested 5pin legacy }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 2004 - 25 full keys - slider/fader to left of lcd display - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;m-audio oxygen keystation (61 key) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio eKeys 37 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Axiom 25, 49, 61
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 bus powered and 12v psu - if sliders/faders are on right - legacy midi 5pin - chunky unit -
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Oxygen 8v2, 49, 61 (silver) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 full size velocity sensitive 12v psu - sending random pitchbend info - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Keystation 37e 49e, 61e MK1 MKI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 - ok key action - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Keystation 37es 49se 61es, 88es MK1 MKI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Oxygen 25/49/61/88 (blue) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 [https://m-audio.com/products/view/oxygen-25-legacy advised Class-compliant and GM/GM2/XG SysEx messages] with full size velocity sensitive 12v psu - sending random pitchbend info - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Axiom 25, 49, 61 (2nd Gen) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 semi-weighted mini keys - bus powered and 9v psu for 25/49 and 12v for 61 - if sliders/faders are on left - legacy midi 5pin - chunky unit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Axiom Pro 25, 49, 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 poor construction 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MAudio Axiom AIR 25 M-Audio Axiom Air Mini 32
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Oxygen 25 III (3rd Gen) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 untested - usb only - rubber keys sticky - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MAudio Keyrig 49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Keystation Mini 32 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 - mini usb - plays a few notes and then stops responding randomly - try plugging it into port 1 or 2 on your pc - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Keystation 49 MK2 II
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 USB port and class compliant
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Keystation 61 MK3 MKIII MIDI keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 usb compliant untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Oxygen 25 IV
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016  choice 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio CTRL-49
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio ProKeys 88, 88sx 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Keystation Mini 32 MK3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 mini usb - some power or incompatibility issue with the native USB ports of the laptop, plugged in a passive USB 2.0 HUB (not USB 3.0, not powered)
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3328SvuJsLw M-Audio Oxygen25 MKV]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0763
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0001
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0023
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected audio class and bindings with camdusbmidi.class  - midi in out untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 25 full size semi keys - USB2 usb-b but no 5pin classic plugs - channel select SHIFT button and CHANNEL on keybed - plastic build - holding down both the Octave + and - for factory reset -  more limited in what you can do with it than IV 4th one - tested on AROS One 2.4 usb
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Oxygen Pro 25 49 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 untested semi full keys 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Oxygen Pro Mini 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 untested - 32 smaller keys - not endless encoders - usb only - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Hammer 88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Moog 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Moog Minitaur 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-VAVE SMK-25mini 25key MIDI Control Keyboard Y6I0 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments NI Primus A25 JamMate 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 not compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Maschine MK1 MKI
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 not compliant uses snd-usb-caiaq module, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Komplete Kontrol S88 S61 S49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 - weighted keys - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Maschine MK2 MKII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Maschine Micro Mikro MK2 MKII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NI Komplete Kontrol S49 S61 S88 MkII MK2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 all MK2 MK3 power up the keyboard using USB, it will set the keyboards MIDI port to computer MIDI only without any option to set it to use the MIDI DIN, meaning you cannot connect the keyboard to hardware and power from USB, you MUST power with the power adapter and physically unplug from any USB connection - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Komplete Kontrol A25 A49 A61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 maybe compliant,  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/sikorak666/maschine-mikro-mk3-driver Native Instruments Maschine Micro Mikro Plus MK3 MKIII]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Komplete Kontrol M32 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 untested 32 smaller keys - no drum pads - USB only - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NI Komplete Kontrol S49 S61 S88 MkIII MK3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Neusonik iBoard 4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar Impact LX25+ LX49+ LX61+ LX88+ SE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 budget full-size velocity-sensitive synth-action keyboard - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar Impact GX49
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; USB port - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar Panorama P4 P6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  USB &amp; USB Micro B, 5-pin MIDI out, 2 x TRS inputs with 49 semi-weighted, velocity sensitive with aftertouch
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar SE25 SE49
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; mini keys - micro usb bus powered - velocity and sustain button 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar Panorama P6 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar Panorama T6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nord Stage 3 midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; sysex 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation ReMote 25 49 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 lhs XY touchpad and the joystick -
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation LaunchKey 25 49 61 88 Mk1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 not USB class compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation 49 61 SL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 semi-weighted Fatar TP-8 or TP-9 keybed
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation ReMote 25SL 49SL 61SL soft label 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 - two long top liquid-crystal display LCD strips - XY touchpad and the joystick - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation ReMOTE 25LE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0004
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0001
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected, usb driver in devs/midi for camd to use}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 USB-b powered, 9v center pin positive or 6 MN1500 AA batteries - X/Y touchpad and the combined pitch and modulation joystick - no aftertouch but can use both the legacy MIDI OUT and USB port simultaneously 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation Nocturn 49 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Unk| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 untested sending random pitchbend info
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation 49 61 SL MkII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 semi-weighted Fatar TP-8 or TP-9 keybed 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation MiniNova 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation Impulse 25 49 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 velocity aftertouch‑sensitive semi-weighted keyboards and eight backlit pads -  USB, 5-pin MIDI out - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation Circuit Tracks / Rhythm 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation LaunchKey 25 49 61 88 MK2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 USB class compliant - full keys - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation Launchpad Mini MK2 MKII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 untested 8x8 buttons with 16 backlit
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation LaunchKey Mini MK2 MKII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 untested - 25 soft mini keys - 2 rotary wheels lhs - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation LaunchKey 25 37 49 61 88 MK3 MKIII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 USB class compliant choice - full keys - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation LaunchKey Mini MK3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 untested - 25 soft mini keys - 2 sliders lhs -  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation 61SL Mk3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nymphes Dreadbox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 6 voice analog synth
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Oberheim MC 2000 EX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 88 keys fully weighted - very heavy - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PreSonus ATOM SQ Hybrid MIDI Keyboard/Pad
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://polyend.com/tracker/ Polyend Tracker]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland ED PC-300
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 USB MIDI keyboard controller 49-key
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland EDIROL PCR-M30 PCR-M50 PCR-M80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol PCR-30 PCR-50 PCR-80
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 untested 32 key - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland PC-50 PC-80
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland PCR-500 PCR-800
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 61 velocity-sensitive keys with aftertouch 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland A-88 a-49
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 USB port - weighted keys velocity no aftertouch - class compliant with press FUNCTION so it is lit. Press the key labelled &quot;ADV.&quot;, Press the &quot;+&quot; button so it is lit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland PC-200 mkII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 some had fatar keys 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland MC-707 Groovebox
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland MC-101 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland A-500 A500Pro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland A-300 A300Pro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland JUNO DS, FA, Fantom, JUPITER X / Xm 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 (be sure that USB driver is set to &quot;Generic&quot; - requires device rebooting) 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland A-88 a-49 MKii MK2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 expensive with USB-c port - hammer-action keyboard weighted keys - Class-compliant if  USB-C enables bus power - MIDI 2.0 later - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ROLI Seaboard RISE 25 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson Graphite 49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson Carbon 49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sequential TAKE 5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic VMK-161 and VMK-161 Plus Organ version 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;TP-8O action is the unweighted, organ-style waterfall keybed - usb midi in out - 9v psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic SL990XP midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic VMK176 Plus
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;USB and midi connectivity
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic SL880 midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic SL73 SL88 Studio midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; hammer-action Fatar TP semi-weighted keys 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic Numa Organ 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 73 key TP-8O action is the unweighted, organ-style waterfall keybed used in nearly all clonewheels 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic Numacompact 2/2x, Numa X Piano
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SubZero CommandKey49 CommandKey25 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SubZero SZ-MiniCommand Mini-Command USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SubZero SPC61 MIDI Controller
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; bus powered - 5 octave 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SubZero ControlKey49S 49 Key Slim MIDI Controller Keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Synido TempoKey K25
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 25 mini keys - usb-c powered 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Winterbloom Sol 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Worlde Panda 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha KX8 KX49 KX61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 not compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha CMC-PD
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 not class compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha P45B P-45 Digital Piano 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 not compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha P-115 midi controller  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 untested weighted keys - USB midi port 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha MX49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 should compliant untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha Montage, CP73/88, YC, MODX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha PSR-E353, PSR-E443
PSR-S670, PSR-S770, PSR-S970, PSR-A3000, TYROS-5
NP-12, NP-32
DGX-650, DGX-660
P-105, P-115, P-255
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha MX49 II V2 Black Blue 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  midi keyboard controller 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DJM V10
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; dj 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Kontrol DJ Pro midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; detected but untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Numark Mixtrack Pro II USB DJ Controller Djay 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;older generation pioneer DDJ-SX2 dj 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |CAMD
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alyseum AL-22 AL22c  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alyseum AL-88 Schneidersladen AL88c 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alyseum U3-88c Midi Interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; no CopperLan support Midi network using a UTP Ethernet patch cable) 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer BCF2000 midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.behringer.com/EN/home.aspx Behringer] BCR2000 1in 2out
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer B-CONTROL DEEJAY BCD3000 DJ Mixer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer UMD404 UMD202 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative EMU 0404/USB midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DigiDesign / Focusrite Command 8 Control Surface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 supports MIDI continuous controller (CC) and note data. SysEx dumping and loading is also supported  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Digidesign Digi 002
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006   firewire only 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Digidesign Digi 003
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009   firewire only 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;emagic m4 2x4 AMT8 Unitor 8 Mk2  8x8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x00d0
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x010 0x0103
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 offers MTS (Midi Time Stamping) - 12v 2a psu centre pos - usb mini with rs232 and rs422 serial ports - 16 channels (8-in / 8-out), this rack-mountable unit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Evolution U-Control UC-16 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| detected}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Saffire 6 USB 1.1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Guillemot Maxi Studio ISIS Vintage Sound Card MIDI Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1998 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.ucapps.de/mbhp_usb.html MidiBox] Hardware Platform USB Module
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2001 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie Control Universal Pro XT with One Two Extenders 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 not compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Audiophile USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 not compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Midisport UNO old version 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 not compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio MidiMan 1x1 midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004  [http://sourceforge.net/projects/linux-hotplug/ firmware update]
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Midisport 2x2 yellowy green blue, green or silver chassis plastic box 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|MIDISPORT 2x2 or 4x4 interfaces from previous production series (blue, green or silver chassis) are not class-compliant}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MAudio Audiosport Quattro USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 not usb compliant as [http://usb-midi-fw.sourceforge.net/ firmware required and that is buggy], 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio UC-33
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 not compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Midisport 1x1 2x2 4x4 Anniversary Edition, black box 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 maybe class compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mooer Steep II Multi-Platform USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.amiga.org/forums/showthread.php?t=52920 Mark of the Unicorn Motu Fastlane] 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|[http://www.amiga.org/forums/showpost.php?p=560852&amp;postcount=8 not working on OS4]}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; not class compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Motu Micro Lite 1x1 and MOTU microlite 5x5 USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; good unit but poor just plug in support and not class compliant - USB2 usb-b - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Motu MIDI Express 128 8x8
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;poor support serial port only - offers MTS (Midi Time Stamping) A serial port based MIDI interface or a USB interface without MTS will have a MIDI slop of up to 2ms on record and playback. MTS provides accuracy for record and playback to around .3ms - five times more accurate than serial or non-MTS.&quot; 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU.com MIDI Express XT 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 for many USB should have octocoupled connection to reduce groundloop humm, usually the timing is off 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU MIDI Timepiece AV 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; not class compliant is one of the best multi-port MIDI interfaces ever made as USB model connects to the computer as an 8x16 interface
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments GmbH Audio 8 DJ, 4 DJ, 2 DJ
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17CC
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no|needs dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 not class compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Qcon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|did not match to camdusbmidi.class USB audio midi with onboard DSP}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1998 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Corp Edirol UM-2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0005
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no|is not bound via camdusbmidi.class }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1999 not bound to any midi class - 2x2 - tested Aros One USb 2.4 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-100G 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|detected but not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1999 USB audio midi with onboard DSP 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-880 8x8 midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|detected but not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 under poseidon but could work with run &gt;nil: c:midithru out.0 &quot;EDIROL UM-880.out.2&quot;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-1 blue plastic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Unk| bound??? via camdusbmidi.class - untested midi in out}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 UM-1 -  1-in/1-out (16 channels) 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-1S
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 1-in/1-out (16 channels)
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-2E
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM550
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2001 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-1X midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|do not have the Advanced Driver Switch on them}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2001 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-1SX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0052
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|do not have the Advanced Driver Switch on them}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol Cakewalk UM-2C - 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol Cakewalk UM-1G 1x1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol Cakewalk UM-2G 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/spotify/linux/blob/master/sound/usb/usbquirks.h Roland Edirol UA20 UA-20] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland UM-1EX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-2EX 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005  adds a second MIDI OUT
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Cakewalk UM-3G - 3x3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Cakewalk ua-25excw 1x1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|detected but not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 not class compliant mode 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://alsa.opensrc.org/Edirol_UA-25EX Roland Edirol UA55 UA-55 Cakewalk UA25 EX] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|detected but not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sonuus B2M Bass MIDI Interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sonuus G2M
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg CMC Series 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Subzero SZ-MB44 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Swisssonic MIDI1x1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 AmigaOS there is no output at midichannel one and two but if play a midi file there is only output on some channels and if pressed stop the prog freezes or the whole system crashes
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam US-428 US-422 midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 2000 not compatible 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam [http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.tascam.com/Products/US-224.html US-224]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1604
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8004
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 2002 does not bind to any class
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Corp Tascam US-1x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam US-122 MKII midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8021
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|not detected / binding to camdusbmidi.class on AROS 2.4 usb }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 detected but not working 2-in/2-out USB two XLR microphone preamps with phantom power for condenser microphones 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam US-200 US-400 US-600 US-800 US-1200 US-1800 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 may not be totally usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha UX-16
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai EIE and Pro version midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 dc 6v power - 3 USB hubs, midi in out , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis I/O2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 powered USB hub required, not compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis IO2 Express 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 usb compliant?
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis IO4 Express 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer XTouch 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; psu needed 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer X-Touch Compact
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe usb compliant?
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer X-Touch Mini
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe usb compliant?,  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-Phoria UMD404HD UMD202HD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe class compliant - volume low, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CME U2 MIDI Pro 1x1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; current model 
|-
| Creative EMU XMIDI 1X1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 early versions with sysex checksum errors 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative E-MU Xmidi 1x1 Tab (V3) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 tab version class compliant but report that when transferring 'System Exclusive' messages (SysEx) the unit could not handle the highest data rate leading to data corruption 
|-
| Creative EMU XMIDI 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 sysex errors 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Digidesign Mbox 2 Mini now Avid 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 USB powered but not compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Digidesign Mbox II Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 USB powered but not compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Engl Z7 MIDI Interface (E660/E610/E360/E930)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; guitar?
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elektron TurboMidi TM-1 1in 1out
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiTerminal M4U 4x4 midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;supposedly class compliant - USB bus powered - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiTerminal M8U 8x8
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiTerminal M4U XL 4x4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; ploytec chipset 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiTerminal M8U XL 8x8
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; no hardware routing e.g. x on input 5 to synth y on output 7 - ploytec chipset 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiMate 1x1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; supposedly class compliant - USB bus powered 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiMate II 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI ROM I/O
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 romio version 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI M4U XT
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2573
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0002
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe|is bound via camdusbmidi.class AROS One 2.4  - untested midi in out}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI M8U XT 8in 8out
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 discontinued 2018 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI M8UEX USB3.0
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 current model 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI M4U eX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 current model 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiMate eX midi interface 1x1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 current model, well liked and might class compliant?? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;icon midiport 2x2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iCON CubeMi 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; class compliant? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iConnectivity 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iConnectivity mio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 class compliant but reported issues with sending System Exclusive (SysEx) MIDI messages and MIDI signals getting cut off 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; iConnectMidi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iCM2 iCM4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iConnectivity iConnectMIDI4+ L
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 class compliant?? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iConnectivity MioXL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IK Multimedia iRig MIDI 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; class compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iRig Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kenton 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kenton Electronics pro solo mk2 midi to cv converter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kenton Midi Thru-25 5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keytech MT18E 8 Way Midi Thru box 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 9 to 12v psu required 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MidiPlus Midi 2x2 midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MidiPlus Midi 4x4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; supposedly class compliant - USB bus powered 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MidiTech MIT-00151 Midiface 4x4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MidiTech Midiface 4x4 8x8 16x16 thru merge 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Miditech Midilink mini 1x1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Midisport UNO only if box is labeled Class Compliant and latest MIDISPORT 1x1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Fast Track Ultra (6 in 6 out) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 not usb compliant, - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Midiman Midisport 2x2 Anniversary Edition [https://gearspace.com/board/electronic-music-instruments-and-electronic-music-production/1133862-why-there-hardly-any-midi-interfaces.html not stable enough] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 USB2 usb-b - does not need firmware and supposedly plug and play - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Midisport 4x4 Anniversary Edition
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; rumored does not need firmware - supposedly plug and play -  issues with its firmware for some and lacks configurable routing
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Maudio Fast Track Ultra 8R 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Komplete Audio 6 Mk1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe usb compliant but bus powered, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar Midiflex 4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 class compliant and usb-b powered - used as a 1 in / 3 out, 2 in / 2 out or 4 out 5pin sockets - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Neusonik IM-One 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Peavey Xport
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; guitars only 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland UM-ONE UM-1 mk2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 USB class compliant if switch to TAB for class compliant mode rather than the COMPUTER mode 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Squarp Hermid 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg Midex 8x8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; class compliant?  supporting MIDI Time Stamping protocol
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Swissonic MidiConnect 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tapco LiNK.midi USB 4x4 (Loud technologies) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Corp Tascam US-2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 2014 5v dc power, midi out in, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Corp Tascam US-4x4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam US-16x08 US-20x20
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom U-24
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  midi to 5pin interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  midi to 5pin interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Unbranded cable 
| 0x552d
| 0x4348
| F110 
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe|detected but no usb driver in devs/midi for camd to use}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;detected but not working the USB-MIDI conversion functionality of the cheapo USB MIDI &quot;cable&quot; interface is simply lacking, possibly being incapable of handling MIDI strings longer than 3 bytes long SysEx strings (e.g. SysEx dumps) - tested in Icaros 2.3 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB2.0-MIDI Unbranded cable with clear braided underneath leads 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1A86
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x752D 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0254 
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe|detected binding to camdusbmidi.class but untested midi in / out}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;untested but better to get a branded version - tested AROS One 2.4 usb
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;LogiLink USB to Midi In-Out 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;untested cheap cable version but issues with latency on other systems 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; gm5 USB midi chip  DIY option only
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Doremidi LEKATO MIDI USB C Interface 1x1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thomann Midi USB 1x1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;   Prodipe made 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Prodipe MIDI 1i/1o 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


Classic 5pin DIN controllers for above interfaces 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |CAMD
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai s5000 s6000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  midi digital samplers 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai AX80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Casio CZ-5000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Casio CZ-3000 CZ-1000 CZ-101 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cheetah MS6 midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 multi-timbral, six-voice (twelve-oscillator), analogue synthesiser module is loaded with CEM 3396s 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ensoniq ESQ1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Integra 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg Wavestation Ex A/D SR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1986 ex has piano and drum sounds 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg DW-8000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg DW-6000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg Poly 800 MK1 Poly-800ii 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  all plastic and can run on batteries - 49 keys non-velocity dco synt analogue filter 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland D-50
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|1987 untested greater concern would be moisture and wear}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland A50 (76) A80 (88) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|1989 untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ROLAND JUNO-D
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Juno 106 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;80s kx73 or kx88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland ED PC-160A PC-180A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} legacy DIN5 MIDI port only - 6 AA batteries or 9v psu - One regular source of failure for me were emty batteries (even with red control light still active). Another source was a bad MIDI cable - unplug then re-plug the USB cable while it is powered the device might reconnect 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland M1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland S-550 S-760 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; digital samplers kontakt replaced these? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha DX7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1983 12bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha DX7S DX72IID DX7IIFD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1987 16bit versions 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


The MIDI standard was published in August 1983. The inventors, Kakehashi and Smith finally received a Technical Grammy Award in 2013 for their work. 

The MIDI files that contained just the note data, velocity and timing meant you could transfer an entire studio session from one place to another on one floppy disk and it could control all the synths and drum samplers. Pass-thru meant that one computer could run an entire bands worth of instruments. 

It's bulletproof too. MIDI never goes wrong, it's always a bug in software that causes any issue - you can absolutely rely on it to go gigging with, take your synths, controllers and computers and not crash an entire gig at your 100,000 person venue. 

The MIDI hardware specification is very simple (voltage, polarity, screening, protection and a fast enough opto-isolator), it assumes that the data it sends and receives between MIDI devices is to the MIDI data standard and just passes it on. The microprocessor in the hardware does all the work.

The minimum for a computer/MIDI interface is that it meets the MIDI hardware specification. It is attached to the computer bus and handles the electrical conversions required. To meet the MIDI hardware specification, to be class compliant as a USB device all it has to do is report itself properly when plugged in.

The other half of the equation is the MIDI data standard, and for a computer MIDI interface the main issue is the speed of data transmission. The bus speed of the computer is faster than the speed of the MIDI standard so it can generate and send MIDI data faster than a MIDI device can receive it. The MIDI standards have nothing to say on that bottleneck at all. MIDI was designed to be very simple and very open, it just defines a standard for the messages and leaves it up to manufacturers to implement them in the way they want. That's what makes it so powerful a tool, and also what makes it so confusing and frustrating at times.

For midi, the hardware/software combination at various connection points handles the translation to/from midi (or other protocols). Drivers would be needed for midi, including clock and SysEx signal (actually claiming to handle ALL midi quirks transparently

All the important MIDI data types can be sent (CC, NRPN, RPN, MMC, Note On/Off, program change)

There is no official way to solve the data bottleneck. Early software sequencers and librarians tried to solve it by having an option to buffer SYSEX data in software and transmit it at the MIDI data rate. The downside is that hogs the bus and can hit computer performance. Interface manufacturers would add a hardware buffer which would take all the MIDI data from the PC bus and feed it into the MIDI at the slower data rate, but that added cost and created timing issues.

Things have moved on since then, but the principles remain the same. You can buffer in the hardware or in software, whether that is in the application or the interface driver. SYSEX will work perfectly well with that budget cable if your software handles the buffering. And while the cables with hardware buffers make SYSEX easier, they still have potential problems because of the limitations of the MIDI data rate. Your MIDI clock doesn't like being interrupted with a big program dump 

The serial / parallel ports were a direct connection, so faster. Now, everything in the computer is virtual and the only thing connected to the hardware is the kernel, hence everything is by default bottlenecked and jittery, regardless of which connection. So by the time the interface gets the information it's already too late. 

Ethernet network cable to transport MIDI over large distances, connect 2 MIDI In and 2 MIDI Out ports to patch, remap, filter and merge MIDI flows on a fine channel basis for tight MIDI throughput, latency and jitter 

Possibilities for DAWs of the future including a kind of sync reference for timing reference which an interface could sync to, hence all the timings then would be locked between the grid on the DAW screen and the MIDI info. 

Preemptible, low latency and accuracy are essential for good communication.  

One of the first things you need to do, is make sure your MIDI software sets the interface to the same MIDI channel as your keyboard (usually 1) 


Do you want to send just your master keyboard to other synths or to be able to use any keyboard with any synth?

1st option is relatively simple. Just need to send midi from your master keyboard into a midi splitter that redistributes the signal onto your synths. Each synth will be set up to receive midi on a specific channel so the only challenge is to find a way to select to which channel you are sending midi. Some master keyboards can do that although not many that have a dedicated knob or switch on the panel and most require a bit of menu diving. Could use a midi box that offers channel selection but usually this is not very workflow friendly. The software route would require using the mouse. 

2nd option is a bit more complex but superior workflow by sending midi messages into a merge box, from there into a hardware sequencer that allows to select midi channel, then on to a midi interface that distributes the signal to the synths. 

Master keyboard MIDI-in to computer. External hardware sampler MIDI-out from computer. Audio-out from sampler to audio-in on computer/device. 


Blue Ribbon Soundworks Bars &amp; Pipes Professional (1993/4) 

GM (1984), GS (1987), XG level 1-3 (1994-1997), GM level 2 (1999) 	

GM GM1 imposes several requirements beyond the MIDI 1.0 specification. While MIDI 1.0 by itself provides a communication protocol which ensures that different instruments can interoperate at a fundamental level e.g sound modules. GM goes further in two ways. First, GM requires that all compliant MIDI instruments meet a certain minimal set of features, such as being able to play at least 24 notes simultaneously (polyphony). Second, GM attaches specific interpretations to many parameters and control messages which were left unspecified in the MIDI 1.0 specification. A minimum of 128 MIDI Program Numbers (conforming to the GM 1 Instrument Patch Map) and 47 percussion sounds (conforming to the GM 1 Percussion Key Map). Support for controller number 1, 7, 10, 11, 64, 100, 101, 121 and 123; support for channel pressure and pitch bend controllers. 

General MIDI Level 2 or GM2 is a specification for synthesizers which defines several requirements beyond the MIDI standard and is based on General MIDI (GM) and Roland GS extensions. It was adopted in 1999 by the MIDI Manufacturers Association (MMA).

* Number of Notes: 32 simultaneous notes
* MIDI Channels: 16
* Simultaneous Melodic Instruments – up to 16 (all Channels)
* Simultaneous Percussion Kits – up to 2 (Channel 10/11)

Program and bank change events
General MIDI 2 compatible synthesizers access all of the 256 instruments by setting cc#0 (Bank Select MSB) to 121 and using cc#32 (Bank Select LSB) to select the variation bank before a Program Change. Variation bank 0 contains the full GM (General MIDI 1) sound set. Variations using other bank numbers are new to General MIDI 2, and correspond to variation sounds introduced in Roland GS. 


[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CluuHrr7HG4 Major WWHWWWH, Minor WHWWHWW scale], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jjm7Ti-iwz0 Chords], 


==usb audio==

USB audio has recently made available for Aros, there are many standards introduced over the years. Much is still untested. 

*Introduced 2000 and from 2014 USB Audio 1 UAC1 16bit 44.1kHz
*Introduced 2006 and from 2014 USB Audio 2 [https://www.usb.org/document-library/usb-device-class-definition-audio-devices-release-20-errata-and-ecn-through-april UAC2] 24bit 192kHz
*Introduced 2016 and from 2024 USB Audio 3 [https://www.usb.org/documents UAC3] 32bit 384kHz 

USB group decided to rewrite the audio standard, so [https://os4depot.net/?function=showfile&amp;file=audio/record/usbaudio2.lha UAC2] and [https://archive.fosdem.org/2019/schedule/event/linux_and_usb_audio_class_3/attachments/slides/3345/export/events/attachments/linux_and_usb_audio_class_3/slides/3345/Linux_and_USB_Audio_Class_3___FOSDEM_2019.pdf UAC3]. They added clock selection and control, timing domains and others. Part of the changes included changing many of the descriptors that an audio device uses to describe itself to the machine. 

PsdErrorlog/PsdDevlister? The AHI driver generated only supports mono/stereo at any bit rates between 8 and 32 bit per sample, but not multichannel modes and only rates up to 65KHz (because AHI uses a 16-bit word for frequencies). If the soundcard does not offer such a PCM 8-32 bit mode at frequencies lower than 65 KHz, there's nothing much that can be done about it on the computer side other than revising and expanding the AHI standard. Most cheap USB soundcards do though. 

AHI does not support six channel playback. It only supports mono, stereo and multichannel (8 channels). Due to the multichannel mode not being used by any application so far, the usbaudio.class does not support multichannel playback, especially not &quot;upchannelling&quot; stereo to six or more channels. If this USB device does not support a two channel mode, you can't use it under AHI.

Untested but most likely to work, at least 2 mic inputs (low impedance) &amp; instruments (high impedance) and made in the last 10 years 
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gMuA-2FbJxE Entry level &lt;100Euro]   BOMGE U202, Behringer UMC, Presonus Studio, 
*[ Next tier &lt;200Euro]   Audient iD, Solid SSL2 and SSL2+, Lewitt, Focusrite Scarlett, Arturia MiniFuse, 
*[ Prosumer &lt;300Euro]   Focusrite Clarett+, 
*[ Professional &lt;500Euro]   RME Babyface, 
*[ Studio &gt;500Euros]    

Bands should need 4 or more mic inputs 

[http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?p=38364030 XDA Forum thread],

&lt;pre&gt;
                                            &lt;- Computer 
                                            &lt;- Mobile Phone / Tablet (OTG)
                                            &lt;- Digital Cameras 
                            &lt;- Video        &lt;- Webcams 

Base Computer &lt;-&gt; OBS like  &lt;- Audio Mixer  &lt;- Microphone(s) 

                            -&gt; Internet     -&gt; Youtube &amp; Chat 

&lt;/pre&gt;

USB AUDIO CARDS - UAC Compliant 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Description 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Playback
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Records 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Antelope Galaxy 64 Synergy Core
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; not compliant so does not wotk with Aros and a high-end 64-channel AD/DA converter HDX, Dante connectivity and a Thunderbolt Audio interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Antelope Galaxy 32 Synergy Core
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; not be compliant so does not wotk with Aros as Antelope Audio does not provide official drivers, control software, or an Antelope Launcher 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia Mini Fuse 1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 maybe usb compliant, okay pre amp 1 combi input, cirrus logic cs4272 ad converter, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniFuse 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 maybe usb compliant usb-c with usb2.0, okay pre amps with good dynamic range 110dB, cirrus logic cs4272 ad converter, two combi inputs for mic, line or guitar, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniFuse 4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, okay 110dB dynamic range, -129dB EIN, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia AudioFuse 16Rig 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 maybe usb compliant, good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audient iD44 mk1 mki 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 maybe usb compliant, good, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audient evo4 EVO8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audient iD4 mk2 mkII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audient id14 mk2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, good, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audient iD24 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 maybe usb compliant and usb-c bus powered, good, , 0-in/14-out audio interface with ADAT expandability, balanced inserts
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audient iD44 Mk2 Mkii 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, good, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-PHORIA UMC22 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1397
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe usb compliant, okay, midas pre-amps
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-PHORIA UMC202HD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1397
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe usb compliant, okay, midas pre-amps ein -129 dBu, 24bit ADC, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-PHORIA UMC404HD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1397
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe usb compliant, okay, midas pre-amps, 24bit adc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-PHORIA UMC204HD 192 Empower Tribe 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1397
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0508
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 maybe usb compliant, okay, midas pre-amps
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer UMC1820 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1397
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016, bus complaint?, okay midas pre amps, adc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-PHORIA UM2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1397
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 maybe usb compliant, poor zenyx pre-amps with high noise floor, plastic build no rf shielding, latency issues, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer x Air XR12 XR16 XR18
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 usb and network 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Saffire 6 USB 1.1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, , , midi, strictly NEC USB 2.0, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 8i6 Gen 1 MOSC0001 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe usb compliant, but 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 2i2 Gen 1 MOSC0003 
*TP1 - 3.3V, tested ok
*TP2 - U4 control signal, 3.3V present at all time.
*TP4 - Ground
*TP6 - 48V, tested ok
*TP7 - Ground
*TP8 - Ground
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 usually avoid early Gen 1, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://khronscave.blogspot.com/2021/08/75-focusrite-scarlett-2i4-1st-gen.html Focusrite Scarlet 2i4 Gen 1 (slide toggles) MOSC0004] 
*TP1 - 3.3V, tested 3.22v
*TP2 - U4 control signal, 3.3V present 
*TP4 - Ground
*TP6 - measure 47.72v 
* AKM 4384ET (VDD 5v)
* Cirrus Logic CS4272-CZZ (VA 4.94v/ VD 3.2v/ VL 3.2v)
* all four HC4066 (VCC 4.96v)
* XMOS XS1-L01A-TQ128-C5 (all VDD 1.08v/ all VVDIO 3.23v/ PPLAVDD 0.99v/ PCU-VDDIO 3.23v)
2i4S
*TP1 seems to be 0V
*TP2 should be 5V
*TP3 should be 
*TP6 should be 48V
*TP8 should be 3.3V
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe usb compliant, pre amps JRC NJM2122 and NJM4565, [https://statics.cirrus.com/pubs/proDatasheet/CS4272_F1.pdf CS4272 adc], [https://pdf.datasheet.live/e5e5fd1c/akm.com/AK4384.pdf AK4384 output pair], Xmos XS1-L8A-64-TQ128 processor and firmware in Winbond 25X40CL 4Mbit, an SMSC Microchip USB3343 interface and a Microchip PL611 clock generator - two Intersil / Renesas ISL97519A for the phantom power rail, two OnSemi NCP1521B for the 3.3V (digital) and 1V (Xmos core) rails - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite iTrack Solo USB Audio Interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 18i20 1st Gen MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant, , Cirrus CS4272, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://wiki.linuxaudio.org/wiki/current_audio_gear Focusrite ] Scarlett 4i4 Gen  MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, , Cirrus CS4272, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 6i6 Gen1 MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant, , , 12v psu, the headphone outs mirror the outs on the back panel, so that's six independent outs. 4 independent analog output paths, plus two over spdif, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://khronscave.blogspot.com/2019/03/38-focusrite-scarlett-18i8-gen1-teardown.html Focusrite Scarlett 18i8 1st Gen MOSC0008]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant, JRC NJM4565 provide most of the opamps, pair of JRC NJM2122's for inputs 1 and 2, [http://www.mouser.com/ds/2/76/cs4272_f1-43250.pdf Cirrus CS4272], 12v 1a +central psu to a pair of National Semiconductor LM2672 for 3.3V rail and the +6.9V rail, Xmos XS1–L16A–128 dual-row QFN package, firmware a Winbond 25X40C 4Mbit SPI Flash and an SMSC USB3343 interface chip, the two headphone outs are completely independent so 6 independent analog output paths, plus two over spdif, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Clarett+ 8Pre 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 great, expensive, maybe usb compliant?  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 2i2 Gen 2 (slide toggles) MOSC0006 
*TP6 should be 48V
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8202
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant, USB-b bus powered, good preamps ein equivalent input noise -128 dBu, 24-bit 192kHz CS4272 as well as an additional AKM AK4384ET for the second stereo output pair, 4 screws under bottom rubber,  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://khronscave.blogspot.com/2021/07/focusrite-scarlett-2i4-2nd-gen-teardown.html Focusrite Scarlett 2i4 Gen 2 (slide toggles) MOSC0014]
*TP6 should be 48V
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant, USB-b bus powered, good preamps NJM2122's, NJM4565's and CMOS switches (HEF4053 and HEF4066), CS4272 and a AKM AK4384ET, Xmos XU208-256-TQ64-C10 with firmware stored in a Macronix MX25L8006E 8Mbit flash memory, clocking by a Cirrus Logic CS2100, an MP1542 boost converter creates +6V and -6V rails, powering the opamps and the rest of the analog circuitry, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 6i6 Gen2 MOSC0016
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant, 12v psu, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett Solo 2nd Gen MOSC0019
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://khronscave.blogspot.com/2024/03/focusrite-scarlett-18i8-gen2-teardown.html Focusrite Scarlett 18i8 2nd Gen MOSC00]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant, 12v psu, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Red 16Line 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 may not be compliant as Focusrite provides no drivers - 64-in/64-out Pro Tools - dual Thunderbolt 3 audio interface with ultra-low latency A-D/D-A conversion - Red Evolution mic preamps
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett Solo 3rd Gen MOSC0024
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant usb-c but usb2, preamps, ad/dc 24bit 192kHz, most Focusrite gen3 interfaces have encrypted processors, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 18i6 Gen3 MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, USB2 class compliant device, but with custom mixer interface
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 2i2 Gen 3 (push in switches) MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8210
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, USB-c bus powered, good preamps ein equivalent input noise -128 dBu, 24-bit 192kHz Cirrus Logic xfr002c and cs4272 chips, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 18i20 3rd gen MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 18i8 3rd Gen MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8214
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, , , no screws under the rubber pads on the bottom, 12v psu, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett Solo Studio Mk3 USB Audio Interface MOSC0030 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 2i2 4th Gen USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 4i4 4th Gen USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett Studio 4th Gen USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett Solo 4th Gen MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 18i20 4th Gen MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FractalAudio FM9 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fractal Audio AM4 platform 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 not working 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lewitt Connect 6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lewitt 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mooer Steep II Multi-Platform USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Motu UltraLite AVB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; usb not compliant? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU M2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant?, usb-c, good pre amps, ad/dc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU M4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, okay, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU U2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  maybe not usb compliant, good but latest had hardware revision 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU UltraLite-mk3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 not usb compliant, great 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU UltraLite-mk5
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 not usb compliant, great 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
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| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
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|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nuemann MT48 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
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| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; usb audio compliant, great pre-amps 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Neumann MT48 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
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| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;neuralDSP Quad Cortex QC platform 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
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| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 cc compliant but plugins not working 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NeuralDSP QC Lite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 cc complaint 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Neve Genesys Black G16 G32 G64
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
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| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; not compliant - very good very expensive 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Presonus AudioBox USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe not usb compliant, usb1.1 usb-b bus powered, okay pre-amps, 24bit ADC 48Khz max, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Presonus Audiobox 1818VSL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
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| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Presonus AudioBox 44VSL
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 may not be usb compliant, 12v psu, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PreSonus AudioBox 22VSL
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|PreSonus Studio 2|4 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, usb-b, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|PreSonus Studio 2|6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|PreSonus Studio 6|8 USB Audio Interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 maybe compliant, needs ext psu, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PreSonus Studio 24c 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, usb-c, good, adc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PreSonus Studio 26c 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, usb-c, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PreSonus® Studio 68c
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, usb-c, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PreSonus AudioBox USB 96 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 maybe usb compliant, high preamp noise, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Presonus Quantum ES2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, okay, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Prism 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Prism Lyra 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe not usb compliant, great 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Platane UP1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant usb- UAC2 asynchronous protocol, 64dB Low-noise Mic amplifier, 32Bit High End ADC and DAC, 16dBu High-power ti headphone amplifier
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Platane UP2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Platane 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RME Babyface/UC/UFX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 maybe not usb compliant, good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RME Fireface UCX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 might be able to put into class compliant cc although a firewire device, pre amps, adc,  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RME Babyface Pro FS  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe not usb compliant, good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RME Fireface UCX II
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 might be class compliant usb-b, pre amps, adc,  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Solid State Logic SSL2 SSL2+ Mk1 1st Gen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 maybe usb compliant, good, adc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Solid State Logic SSL12 SSL18 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, bus powered, good pre-amps, up to 32-bit 192kHz AD/DA converters, 12-in 8-out, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Solid State Logic SSL2 SSL2+ MkII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant, good pre amps ein -130 dBu, ad/dc, okay latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Solid State Logic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Topping E1x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 maybe usb compliant, good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Topping Pro E2x2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 maybe usb compliant, good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UAD UA Apollo 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UA apollo 2nd Gen twin X (Duo/Quad), X4, X6, X8, X8P, and X16
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 bus compliant?, usb-
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UA apollo twin x quad 3rd Gen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 bus compliant?, usb-
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Universal Audio Volt 1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 maybe usb compliant, good, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|Universal Audio Volt 276 2|76 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 maybe usb compliant, good, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Universal Audio Volt 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, good, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai EIE Pro AI01 Electromusic Interface Expander - 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe not usb compliant, 4-in/4-out USB 2.0 audio interface with a built-in USB hub and MIDI I/O, up to 24-bit/96kHz 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai EIE Pro AI02 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|Alesis io2 io|2, io14 io|14, io26 io|26 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 bus powered but not usb compliant, okay pre-amps, 2, 4 or 8 mics respectively, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis iO2 Express 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010  not usb compliant, poor pre-amps, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Core 1 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe cc, mini usb, poor latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee Duet 1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 firewire only, not usb compliant micro-usb with most features, , ,  two‑channel two‑in, two‑out, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee Ensemble 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 firewire, not usb compliant micro-usb with most features, , ,  two‑channel 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee One USB 1st Gen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 maybe not usb compliant micro-usb for basic features, , , single‑channel up to 48kHz
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee One USB 2nd Gen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant usb- and maybe aa batteries, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee Duet 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant usb-c with most features, , , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee One USB 3rd Gen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee Ensemble Thunderbolt 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 maybe not usb compliant micro-usb with most features, , ,  two‑channel 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee Boom 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant usb-c, , , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee Duet 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant usb-c with most features, , , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ART PRO Audio Usb Mix 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant bus powered, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avid Digidesign Mbox 1 USB Audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0dba
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;01000
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 mbox original was usb1 and not a usb class compliant device, and had the much hated &quot;focusrite designed&quot; mic preamps, light blue front plate and the sticky out feet 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avid Digidesign Mbox 2 USB Audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0dba
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 midi not usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avid Digidesign Mbox 2 Pro USB Audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0dba
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 not usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avid Digidesign Mbox 2 Mini USB Audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0dba
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 not usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avid Digidesign Mbox 2 Micro USB Audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0dba
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 not usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVID MBox 3rd gen Mini or Standard but Pro is Firewire 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;behringer u-control uca202 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x8bb
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2902
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.00
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, draws a lot of power - dac ti burr-brown - no microphone pre-amp - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-CONTROL UCA 222 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 maybe usb compliant,  - no microphone pre-amp - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Black Lion Audio 2x2 evolution 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 maybe usb compliant but , okay with 109dB range - poor noise floor, 24-bit 192kHz Cirrus Logic CS4272, average latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bomge 11s 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bomge 22s 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bomge BMG22 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 usb-c, 24bit 192kHz but only use much lower, may have to spend time cleaning up some of the noise, high latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bomge U202 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 usb-c, 32bit 192kHz but only use much lower, may have to spend time cleaning up some of the noise, high latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bomge U204 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 usb-c, 32bit 192kHz but only use much lower , may have to spend time cleaning up some of the noise, high latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bomge Mini 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TI Burr-Brown PCM2702E PCM2704 PCM2704C Muse Audio Mini USB DAC board 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x08bb 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2704
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, no mic input - goodish quality
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TI Burr-Brown PCM2900 PCM2902 PCM2906 USB DAC board 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x08bb
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2900
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, no mic input - goodish quality 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Depusheng MD22 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 usb-b powered, 24bit 192kHz though is 96kHz, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Depusheng USB Audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 usb-b powered, 24bit 192kHz though is 96kHz, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|Emagic emi 2|6 em2|6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 not uac 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|Emagic emi 6|2m 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 not uac 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|Emagic emi 6|2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 not uac 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ego Systems, Inc. in Korea (ESI) joining with RIDI GmbH 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;esi Mixvibes U46 Mk II USB audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 not usb compliant, usb-b powered, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI ESU22
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;esi U24XL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, usb-b powered, 24 bits, 2 analogue inputs and outputs with 6.3 mm jack connection, Output L can be used as a headphone output, S / PDIF digital input - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;esi U46XL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, usb-b powered, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI Originals, Inc ESIO MAYA22USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant, usb-b powered, 1 xlr, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MAYA44USB+ 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant, usb-b powered,  xlr, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI Originals, Inc ESIO MARA22XTU 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe usb compliant, usb-b powered, 1 xlr, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI U22XT
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 usb class compliant
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI Gigaport Ex
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 usb compliant?, usb-c usb3.1, , , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iConnectivity iConnectAUDIO2+ icaudio-02 USB audio interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;LexiconPro - Omega 8x4x2 (USB-1.1)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 not usb complaint 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lexicon Alpha 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lexicon Lambda
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 may not be compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Line 6 Toneport UX1 and Tone Port UX2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004  not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Line 6 TonePort UX8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 maybe not class compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Line 6 POD Studio UX1 UX2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006  not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lokchonk UX22 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ljSiNmudMm0 Lokchonk UX44HD] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 usb-b , , , 2in 2out only, average latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie Onyx Artist 1·2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 maybe not usb compliant, usb-b powered, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie Onyx Producer 2X2 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, usb-b midi 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie Onyx Blackjack
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 USB powered but maybe not usb compliant, Two Onyx Preamps, 2-in, 2-out which are combo Neutrik-type connectors to handle XLR, instrument or line level 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe usb compliant, , , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Media Assistance USB-One
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 not uac cc comliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Fast Track USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 maybe not usb compliant, - guitar 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Fast Track Ultra (6 in 6 out) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb cc providing 24-bit/96kHz audio capabilities but requires manual configuration of the mixer settings 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio M-Track 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 usb compliant?, okay - guitar and vocal mainly 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://htyp.org/M-Audio/Fast_Track_Ultra/Linux M-Audio FastTrack Ultra] and Ultra 8R 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 maybe usb compliant, low round-trip latency, okay octane pre amps, adc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio M-Track 2x2M
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 usb compliant? usb-c - okay pre-amps, , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio M-Track (MkII) 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 usb compliant? usb-c - okay pre amps, , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio M-Track Solo 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 usb compliant? - okay but issues, MJN4580C opamps (lower gain 55 dB at volume 9-10), ti PCM2900C ADC 16bit means there is a hard noise floor at -96 dB, plastic build no rf shielding, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio M-Track DUO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 usb compliant? - okay but issues, MJN4580C opamps (lower gain 55 dB at volume 9-10), ti PCM2900C ADC 16bit means there is a hard noise floor at -96 dB, plastic build no rf sheild, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Air
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, okay 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NI AK1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17CC
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.pogo.org.uk/~mark/linuxdj/ Native Instruments Traktor Audio 8 DJ], [ Traktor Audio 4 DJ], [ Traktor Audio 2 DJ], 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17cc
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1978, 0x0839, 0x041C 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 not usb compliant uses snd-usb-caiaq module, [https://mixxx.discourse.group/t/problems-with-native-instruments-audio-8-dj-on-linux/14719/2 Audio 8 device has 4 subunits which are not recognized correctly], Cirrus Logic DACs spec'd at 24-bit/96KHz over a USB2, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NI Komplete Audio 6 Mk1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17CC
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe usb compliant, pre amps, 24bit 96kHz adc, ocassional dropouts, plastic build top with metal around 3/4, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments NI Komplete Audio 1 and 2 USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17CC
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, good pre amp ein -129.5 dBu, ad/dc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://support.native-instruments.com/hc/en-us/articles/360014683497-Apple-Silicon-Compatibility-News Native Instruments Komplete Audio 6 Mk2] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17CC
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, pre amps, 24bit 192kHz adc, black aluminum glass build, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[ Native Instruments Traktor Pro] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17cc
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 maybe usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation AudioHub 2x4 NOVHUB01 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, usb-b powered, no xlr, focusrite sounds inside, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation AudioHub 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Prodipe Studio 22 Pro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Schiit HEL 1 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Schiit HEL 2 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 gaming headsets mostly 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-3 Audio Capture
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1998 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-30 Audio Capture
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1999 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA1A UA-1D Audio Capture
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-5 Audio Capture (Roland)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-1000 Audio Capture
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-1EX, Cakewalk UA-1G  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 not usb compliant driver also supports ASIO (Steinberg Audio Stream I/O Interface), noisy 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Duo Capture UA-11 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland QUAD-CAPTURE Analog 2x2 Digital 2x2 USB 2.0 4in/4out
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 not usb compliant, usb-b powered 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Manuals/Rosegarden/Setup Roland Edirol UA-101 and UA-1000 (Clemens Ladisch driver)]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/mmueller-kaffeeschluerfercom/UA-25-Firmware-Modification Roland Edirol ua-25]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 maybe usb compliant 16bit 44.1kHz sampling without MIDI but not USB class complient when in Advanced mode for 24bit or midi 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Edirol by Roland USB AudioCapture UA-25EX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x00e6, 0x00e7
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant if ADVANCED DRIVER switched to OFF might play and record at 44.1kHz and 16-bit samples 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Audio Interface V-Studio 20 VS-20 Cakewalk
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 maybe not usb compliant, usb-b powered, 1 xlr, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA55 UA-55 Quad Cakewalk 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x012f
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 not USB class compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland DUO-CAPTURE EX UA-22 USB Audio
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0159
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant but not be used with a USB 3.0 port that is not compatible with USB 2.0 specification, vs pre amps, adc, three AA batteries in base, or an AC adapter psb-1u 9V 2A - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Rubix series Roland Rubix22 USB 2.0 Audio Interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Rubix series Roland Rubix24 USB 2.0 Audio Interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg MI2, Steinberg MI4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg (2004 Yamaha buys) MIDI interface hardware including the CC like CC121 CC-121 and CI1 CI2 series.
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR12 UR22
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe not usb compliant, poor pre-amps, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR44 usb audio interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe not usb compliant, poor pre-amps, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR242 audio interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 maybe usb compliant, usb powered or 5v psu, okay pre-amps, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR22mkII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 maybe usb compliant, okay pre-amps ein -123 dBu, ad/dc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR-RT 2 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 maybe usb compliant, usb2.0 usb-b, pre-amps, ad/dc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR44C (USB3) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg URX22C UR22C  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 maybe usb compliant, preamps okay but little noisy, ad/dc. 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR22 MkIII UR series
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant usb-c, okay pre-amps, adc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tapco LiNK.USB 2x2 (Loud technologies WA, USA) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 maybe not compliant, usb-b, poor pre-amps hum, latency issues, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://git.alsa-project.org/?p=alsa-tools.git;a=blob;f=usx2yloader/README;hb=3843634ef0310a952b256bcb6a4ddd0ad4ebe396 Teac Tascam US-422 US-428 US2XYloader] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam US-122 US-224 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 not usb compliant, needing firmware usx2yloader/us122fw.ihx for audio sound card - Tascam US-122 and US-122L are not the same - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam US-122L 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x800e
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 not usb compliant, obsolete needs tascam_loader.ihx and us122fw.ihx firmware loaded each time unless automated 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam US122 US-122 Mk2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 not usb compliant although USB2 downgrade so using USB1.1 UHCI, tascam units suffer from high round-trip latency as do most typical USB units
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam US144 US-144 Mk2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 maybe usb compliant although USB2 downgrade so using USB1.1 UHCI, tascam units suffer from high round-trip latency as do most typical USB units
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac TASCAM US-200 USB 2.0 Audio / MIDI Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac US-366 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac TASCAM US-600 USB 2.0 Audio / MIDI Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac TASCAM US-800 USB 2.0 Audio / MIDI Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 may not be totally usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam iU2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Corp Tascam US-2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 usb compliant?, 5v dc power, midi out in, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Corp Tascam US-4x4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; usb compliant?, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam US-16x08 US-20x20
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;teyun q12 Q-12, q22 Q-22 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant - unknown pre amp, unknown ad/dc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teyun q26 Q-26, q24 Q-24 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant - unknown pre amp, unknown ad/dc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha UW500
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 not class compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha Audiogram 3 USB Digital Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 maybe usb compliant, okay pre amp, 16bit 44kHz adc no advanced features without dedicated asio driver, 1 xlr, 1 instrument, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha Audiogram 6 USB Digital Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant, okay, 2 xlr, 2 instrument, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom UAC-232 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, okay, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom UAC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, okay, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.arcam.co.uk/products,rseries,usb-dacs,rPAC.htm Arcam rPac] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audioquest Dragonfly 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audioengine D1 Premium 24-bit DAC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Beresford TC-7520 (Burr Brown PCM 1716) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Beresford TC-7520 + Burson Buffer + MK3 JKSPDIF
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://epiphany-acoustics.co.uk/products-page/dacs/e-dac-24bit-miniature-usb-dac/ Epiphany E-DAC 24bit] ES9023 DAC chip 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Firestone Audio FUBAR II Mk2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Firestone Audio iLoveTW 24Bit USB DAC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FiiO D5 ta2020 chip amp 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FiiO E07K Andes 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FiiO E17 Alpen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GoVibe Magnum 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GoVibe Martini-U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GoVibe Vulcan 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Halide Design DAC HD (Wolfson WM8716) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HRT Steamer II USB DAC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;John Kenny JKDAC uses a 24-bit/192&amp;nbsp;kHz Sabre ES9022 DAC or better JKDAC32 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; iBasso D12  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Leckerton UHA-6S MKII  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MyST 1866 PortaDAC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Objective DAC ODAC+O2  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rega DAC (Wolfson WM8742) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.henryaudio.com/open-source.php Henry Audio USB DAC 128 also known as QNKTC AB-1.2 open source DAC] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Henry Audio mkII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;AKM4430 DAC chip comes from Asahi Kasai 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DevilSound USB DAC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom U series
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;KingRex UD-01 SE (Burr-Brown PCM 2702E) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SuperPro 24/192 USB DAC (24bit 192&amp;nbsp;kHz, CS-4398 D/A chip) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| CMedia CM108 7.1ch emulation I2S in and out
| 0x1926
| 0x0003
| 0x0100
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| [http://www.lindy.co.uk/usb-2-audio-adapter/42961.html Lindy USB 2.0] (Chipset CM108)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| Speed-Link SL-8850-SBK Vigo ([http://mightyohm.com/forum/viewtopic.php?p=1036#p1030 CMedia CM108])
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| Dynamode USB SOUNDCARD 2.0 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0003
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1130
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| Dynamode Virtual 7.1 USB-SOUND7 (C-Media )
| 0x0d8c
| 0x000c 0x000e
| 1.00
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Generic White box with very little red led and white USB lead (CMedia )
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0d8c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 0c000e
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.00
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| CM109 CiT SC-U119 5.1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| CMedia CM1197.1ch I2C MCU port Penguin 
| 0x0D8C
| 0x0000
| 0x010
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sweex 7.1 Startech External USB, WMA Blue metal box SYBA SD-AUD20040, Sabrent USB-SND8, Sewell Vantec NBA-200U (C-Media CM6206 CM106 like) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0d8c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0102
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;50/50 if the item is detected but does not work 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative Labs SoundBlaster X-fi 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative X-Fi Go 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative X-Fi 5.1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative Sound Blaster Play! USB sound adapter (SB1140) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; working with [http://www.amiga.org/forums/showpost.php?p=646431&amp;postcount=15 Deneb on OS3] 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asus Xonar U1 (ASUS UA100 USB Audio Chip) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asus Xonar U3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Griffin iMic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Transit
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Icemat Siberia (steel series) (Cmedia chipset) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JMTek HY554, ZyXEL NSA-220, Logilink (Tenx Technology TP6911 and SSS-1623 headphone set) 
| 0x0C76 0x1130
| 0x1605 0x1607  0xf211
| 0x
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; reports on other OS not good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Plantronics &quot;DSP Adapter-01&quot; (or &quot;USB Adapter-02&quot;) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rocksmith Real Tone Cable 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RSA Intruder Predator 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech ICUSBAUDIO7
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0d8c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x000c
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.00
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Stoner Acoustics UD100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac UDH01-B  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Terratec Aureon 5.1 USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Terratec Aureon 5.1 USB MKII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TerraTec Electronic GmbH Aureon Dual USB
| 0x0ccd
| 0x0077 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Terratec Phase26
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust 510 EX 5.1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech A-5572A USB 2.0  to 3.5mm jacks Virtual 7.1 Surround Sound Adapter or accessory of Logitech Clearchat pro USB or Logitech USB Headset H530 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0003 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x046D
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trumix TM-10 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024  maybe cc 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trumix TM-12 USB-C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe cc usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Turtle Beach Audio Advantage Amigo Micro II USB Sound Card &amp; Headset Adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x10F5
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0211
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Vantec NBA-100U 7.1 Channel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}

 Companies including Access, Alesis, Allen&amp;Heath, American Audio, CME, ESI, Infrasonic, Lexicon, Numark, Presonus, Reloop, SIMS, Sound Devices, Steinberg, Swissonic, Tascam, Terrasoniq, Terratec, Yamaha and Yellowtec decided to license and bundle this driver. So fully functional custom drivers are available for Access Virus TI, Access Virus TI snow, Alesis Multimix 8 USB2.0, Alesis Multimix 16 USB2.0, Allen&amp;Heath XONE:2D, Allen&amp;Heath XONE:3D, Allen&amp;Heath XONE:4D, Allen&amp;Heath XONE:DX, Allen&amp;Heath XONE:DB4, American Audio Versa Port, CME XCORPIO, ESI ESU1808, ESI Gigaport AG / DG, ESI Maya 44 USB, Infrasonic Amon, Lexicon I-ONIX U22, Lexicon I-ONIX U42S, Lexicon I-ONIX U82S, Mindprint DI-MOD USB, Numark DJ IO, Numark NS6, Numark NS7, Numark Omni Control, Numark V7, Presonus Audiobox USB, Reloop Digital Jockey, SIMS Primus, Sound Devices USB pre, Steinberg MI2, Steinberg MI4, Swissonic Easy USB, Tascam M-164UF, Tascam US-122L, Tascam US-144, Tascam US-Tascam US-144mkII 122mkII, Tascam US-200, Tascam US-600, Tascam US-1641, Tascam US-1800, Tascam US-2000, Terratec Area 61, Terrasoniq Phase X64, Terratec Phase 26 USB, Yamaha UW10, Yamaha UW500, Yellowtec PUC2 and many others.

Well, those companies are using the same driver framework because all of those interfaces use the same microprocessor/firmware architecture to communicate with the USB bus. Just like almost all FireWire audio interfaces use the same TC Dice or BridgeCo chipsets. Usually it does not make sense for companies to develop their own USB1.1/USB2/FW framework for a product they are going to sell for &lt;$500.

However, that isn't the end of the story. The companies who develop audio interfaces implement different features into their devices and must update the driver and firmware to accommodate those features. That is where things can go wrong. Sometimes there is miss-communication about how things are coded, sometimes the developer who started a project leaves without transferring his knowledge to his successor, etc. You have to keep in mind that there are no &quot;big&quot; computer audio companies. Even the companies that seem big in the scale of the market, probably have fewer employees than you'd think.

A very well made interface that is designed from scratch from the ground up would be a very expensive device, regardless of whether it's USB, FW, PCIe or whatever.

Round-trip latency is the sum of the following:
&lt;pre&gt;
    ASIO input buffer
    ASIO output buffer
    A/D D/A converter latency
    The driver's hidden safety buffer
&lt;/pre&gt;
At a 64-sample ASIO buffer size/44.1k, Tascam units yield ~18ms total round-trip latency.

Typical USB audio interfaces use a large hidden safety buffer.
This helps ensure glitch-free playback... even under less than ideal circumstances. But... this comes at the expense of much higher round-trip latency. Short of doubling the sample-rate, there's no means of mitigating the higher round-trip latency.
If you have no plans of ever monitoring in realtime thru software based EFX/processing (ie: playing/monitoring DI bass thru an AmpSim plugin as you're playing), then this may not matter to you.
If you want the ability this play/monitor in realtime thru software based EFX/processing, make sure to get an audio interface that yields low round-trip latency.

As a point of reference the best PCI/e audio interfaces yield about 5ms total round-trip latency at a 64-sample ASIO buffer size/44.1k
The best Firewire and USB units yield 5.5-5.6ms total round-trip latency at those same settings.
Typical USB and Firewire units (that use a large hidden safety buffer) yield 12-18ms total round-trip latency at those same settings.

Anything above ~6ms starts to feel sluggish.
Anything above ~10ms feels like playing thru molasses.


USB Microphones 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;C-Media Electronics, Inc. CM108 Audio Controller Mic
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0d8c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x013c 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato WaveMic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Wave:1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 no driver }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Wave:3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 no driver lightweight }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;hyperx solocast 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;hyperx quadcast 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sennheiser CC510 USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis USB-Mic microphone podcasting kit 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audio-Technica AT2020 (AT202) AT4040
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audio-Technica AT2035 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer B1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Blue Microphones Snowball 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Blue Microphones Snowball iCE
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| cardioid only }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Blue Microphones Yeti 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|can pick up a lot of background noise but not sure if right mode used }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Blue Microphones Yeti Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| can pick up a lot of background noise but not sure if right mode used }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MXL 2001A/600 Studio Microphone Pack / MXL 2003A Studio Condenser
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft LifeChat LX-3000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Namtai SingStar(TM) PS2 SCEH-0001 USBMIC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1415
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0.01
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| mono microphones }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Neumann MT48 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Seiren X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Seiren Mini USB Condenser Microphone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rockband USB Mic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rode NT1A VideoMic Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rode Podcaster 2 USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| RODECaster Pro usb audio compatible}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rode NT1A NT2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  NT2 better }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland R-07
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson Go Mic - Portable USB Microphone for Recording 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| mini usb r.h.s. and clip on the bottom left hand side}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson Go Mic Clip On USB Microphone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| switch to choose between Cardiod, Omni and -10&amp;nbsp;dB modes, a 3.5mm headphone socket and a USB socket}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson C01U  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| cardoid only}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson C03U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Shure MV7 USB Podcast Microphone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Shure MV7+ XLR &amp; USB-C dynamic microphone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SONY PCM-D50 handy 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| one mini usb 5V, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PCM-M10 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| one mini usb out 5V, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SONY 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| one mini usb out, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SONY 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| one mini usb out, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TASCAM DR-1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008, one mini usb out, lithium battery}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-07 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009, one mini usb out, aa battery}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR05 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011, one mini usb port for file transfer and charging the AA batteries }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-40
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011  mini usb aa battery }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-07mkII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 , one mini usb out, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-05X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 , one micro usb out, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-07X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 , one micro usb out, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-40X
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 , one micro usb 3 aa battery }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-05XP 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 , one usb-c , }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-07XP 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 , one usb-c , }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-40XP
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 , one usb-c, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-100mkIII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| , usb , }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| , usb , }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2006 no driver, mini usb 5V }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0095
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007 no driver, mini usb 5V audio i/f USB Card and USB Audio; press the Record button when USB Audio is displayed. Press Record again to choose the default }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H4n 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 no driver, mini usb 5V }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0120
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010 no driver, mini usb 5V and display will alternate between USB Card and USB Audio; press the Record button when USB Audio is displayed. Press Record again to choose the default }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H2n 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 no driver, mini usb 5V audio i/f press the Record. Press Record again to choose the default }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H4n PRO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 no driver, mini usb 5V }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 untested, 2xlr, 5v mini usb, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 no driver, 5v mini usb, 2 xlr, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H1n-vp handy 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 no driver, mini usb 5V }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H6studio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom Q3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 untested usb a cord, no hdmi, 480p}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom Q3HD Handy Video Recorder 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010 untested, built in usb-a cord, mini hdmi, 1 hour on 2 AA batteries, H.264 movies 480p }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom Q2HD Handy 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 untested, up 720p but no stablisation, mini usb cord, 1 hour on 2 AA batteries}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom Q4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 untested, li-ion battery}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom Q4N 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2015 untested, li-ion battery}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audio Technica ATR4697-USB Boundary Microphone
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CAD Audio CAD USB Condenser Boundary Microphone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MXL AC-44 Boundary Conferencing Mic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson Audio SAUB1 Boundary Microphone (USB)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


USB Speakers 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focal XS 2.1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


USB Headset Wired/Wireless 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Logitech Vantage Wired (came free with PS2 Socom3)
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Logitech G330 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Logitech Premium USB Stereo Headset 350
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Plantronics DSP-300 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Plantronics GameCom 777
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Logitech G-930 Wireless
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| [http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/set-usb-wireless-earphones/ Plantronics Audio 995 Wireless RF] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Sennheiser  Wireless
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Be1e0QPIPK0 Mixers]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ALESIS MULTIMIX 4 CHANNEL USB MIXER
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis - MultiMix 8 USB FX (USB 1.0)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 usb compliant?, up to 16-bit/48kHz, 18v 500mA - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis - MultiMix 8 USB 2.0 FX (USB 2.0)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 usb compliant?, up to 16-bit/48kHz, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Allen&amp;Heath MixWiz16
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Allen and Heath ZED Power 1000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb 8 xlr, usb-b out, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Allen &amp; Heath ZEDi-10
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer XENYX 302USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 5-Input Mixer/Audio Interface - 1 xlr - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Xenyx Q502USB Mixer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|no driver}} Behringer 2*18.5V 250ma psu - 1 xlr - phanton power - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Xenyx Q802USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} Behringer 2*18.5V 250ma psu - 2 xlr - phanton power - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BEHRINGER XENYX 1204USB 8-Channel 2-Bus Mixer USB/Audio Interface Studio/Live
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} iec kettle psu lead - can develop constant background hiss over time 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer XENYX X1222USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver - 12-Channel Analog Mixer with USB Interface and Effects}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Depusheng HT-7 HT7USB 7 Channel Audio Mixer
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2023 cheap no driver, USB MP3 player to work, format your USB stick Fat32 as a Logical drive - not primary}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Depusheng XT7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2025 cheap no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Depusheng DT8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2025 cheap no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Spirit soundcraft Folio FX8 with Lexicon Effects Processor
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} unusual power connector - [https://github.com/lack/soundcraft-utils usb routing] -  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Weymic Professional F7 7-Channel 2-Bus Mixer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2022 no driver, cheap mixer with 3pin ac input (introduces noise) and 1 usb-a port}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Weymic Professional F7-Pro 7-Channel 2-Bus Mixer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2022 no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Weymic A80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2024 no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
|}


Mixer no hardware usb 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ALTO Lynx MIX82FX Audio Mixer
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alto L16 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer MXUL5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer MX602A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Eurorack UB502
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb 17.5V 3pin psu needed}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Eurorack UB802 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb 2 xlr,}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Eurorack UB1002 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb 2 xlr,}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Eurorack UB1202 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb 4 xlr, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Eurorack UB1602 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer RX1602 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer 802 XENYX 8-Input 2-Bus Mixer Small Format Mixer
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} Behringer 18.5V ???ma psu - 2 xlr - phanton power - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Xenyx 502 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Xenyx 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IMG stage Line MMX-122 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb, 4 xlr, iec cable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie 802VLZ4 Mackie 802-VLZ4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb , psu}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie 1202-VLZ Pro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb, mains iec}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie Mix5 Mixer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}} 18v 300mA psu - 5 Channel - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie Mix8 Mixer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}} 9v x2 600mA psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie MIX12FX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb, 4 xlr, 9v 500mA x2 psu, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.soundcraft.com/en/product_documents/en/owners_manual Soundcraft] Spirit Folio F1 Fader 100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} 16 Channel Mixer - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft EPM6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft EPM8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Harman Soundcraft EPM 12 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} iec kettle power lead - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft EPM 16
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft Notepad 8FX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft Notepad UI12
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; connect via wifi 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft Notepad UI16
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; connect via wifi 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft Notepad 124FX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection, 14.8V x2 3 pin psu}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;t.mix xmix 1402fx mp usb
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection, mains iec, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
|}


==Webcameras==

A USB camera has two dedicated chips: a controller or bridge and an image sensor.

There was no Commodore support for video interfaces. The only commercial, now discontinued application that defined some sort of standard was VHI Studio by iospirit.

===OLD standards===

See [http://www.e3b.de/usb/main_supported_e.html support pages] and [http://www.e3b.de/usb/main_faq_e.html here] and some [http://webcam-osx.sourceforge.net/cameras/index.php?orderBy=status further compatibility]


Pencam STV680
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| AIPTEK stv680 
| 0x0553 
| 0x0202 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Konica e-mini 
| 0x04c8 
| 0x0722 
|
| {{N/A|untested }}
|-
| DigitalDream l'espion XS 
| 0x1183 
| 0x0001 
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| [http://reviews.cnet.com/webcams/creative-webcam-go/1707-6502_7-1446174.html Creative WebCam Go mini] 
| 0x041e 
| 0x4007 
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}


SonixcamTool (Sonix webcams and derivates)

'''Note [http://amigadev.free.fr/sonix/ some] Sonix Webcams with a Sonix SN9C1xx controller ''and'' a pas106b or tas5110c1b sensor support bulk mode which works even with pciusb.device!'''
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Macally IceCam II
| 0x0c45
| 0x05d8
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Sweex MiniCam 100K 
| 0x0c45 
| 0x6005 
| 
| {{N/A|untested - sensor tas5110c1b}}
|-
| Macally IceCam Portable 
| 0x0c45
| 0x6007
| 
| {{N/A|untested - sensor tas5110d}}
|-
| Sweex 100K 
| 0x0c45 
| 0x6009 
| 0x0101
| {{yes|bulk works - sensor pas106b}}
|-
| [http://www.epinions.com/pr-Chicony_TwinkleCam_Webcam/display_~full_specs Chicony Twinkle DC-2110A] 
| 0x0c45
| 0x600d
| 
| {{no|no}}
|-
| Unknown
| 0x0c45
| 0x601e
| 
| {{no|no}}
|-
| USB PC Camera (SN9C102)
| 0x0c45 
| 0x6028
| 
| {{no|no - sn9c10x + pas202b}}
|-
| Trust SpaceC@m 120 and 150
| 0x0c45 
| 0x6029
| 
| {{N/A|untested - sensor pas106a}}
|-
| HiRes Webcam Live
| 0x0c45 
| 0x602c
| 
| {{no|no - sensor ov7630}}
|-
| [http://www.sweex.com/en/assortiment/sound-vision/webcams/JA000020 Sweex USB Webcam 300K]
| 0x0c45
| 0x608f
| 
| {{no|no - sensor ov7630}}
|-
| Speedlink Sphere Webcam SL-6820, 350K
| 0x0c45
| 0x613c
| 0x0101
| {{N/A|untested - sensor HV7131R}}
|-
| WB-3250P
| 0x0c45
| 0x613e
| 
| {{no|no - sensor ov7630}}
|-
| Unknown
| 0x0c45 
| 0x6207
| 
| {{no|no}}
|}

&lt;pre&gt;
micromaxx USB Camera 	STM 	1363 	514 	works 	---
USB Tower 	Lego 	1684 	1 	works 	need NCQ
Trust Spycam 100plus 	STM 	1363 	514 	works
&lt;/pre&gt;


ov51x.class - no driver
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| D-Link VGA Webcam (640x480) 
| 0x05a9
| 0x8519
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Sony PS2 EyeToy Logitech/Logicool Black (ov519) SCEH-0004 
| 0x054c
| 0x0154
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Sony PS2 EyeToy Namtai Silver (ov519) SLEH-00031 SLEH-00030
| 0x054c
| 0x0155
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
|}


===UVC.class - [https://www.usb.org/document-library/video-class-v15-document-set USB Device Class Definition for Video Devices or USB Video Class]===

 AROS does not supported as still needs an uvc.class which might create a virtual UVC.VHI or an expanded streaming device driver for use by AROS apps 

*2003 UVC 1.0 baseline streaming of uncompressed YUV422, MJPEG, and compressed MPEG-2 TS, DV 
*2005 [http://www.cajunbot.com/wiki/images/8/85/USB_Video_Class_1.1.pdf UVC 1.1] baseline HD 720p streams formats, usb2 support, 
*2012 [https://www.usb.org/document-library/video-class-v15-document-set UVC 1.5] added usb3 devices and compressed h.264 and VP8 formats 
*2019 the market is filled with UVC Compliant USB HDMI Capture


*Aros needs to read the camera’s class-specific Video Control (VC) unit and terminal descriptors.
*Identifies the devices as UVC-compatible and links it to the native UVC class driver, so no separate driver installation is required.
*Aros and camera determine the appropriate streaming settings, including format, resolution, and frame rate.
*Once set, video data moves from the image sensor to the onboard ISP, then through the USB controller and into the host system for viewing, analysis, or recording 
*More advanced functions, such as HDR, ROI, and hardware trigger support, can be managed 


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acasis 4K30 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acasis 4K60 HD VS009
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|4k 60hz ok for chat streams}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acasis 4K60 HDMI HDR Game Live Video Capture
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| for chat streams }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AJA U-tap HDMI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ASUS TUF CU4K30 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ATEN CAMLIVE HDMI to USB-C UVC Video Capture adapter UC3020 HDMI (F) TO USB-C M 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 possibly UVC and UAC standard support allows up to 1080P @ 60}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avermedia Live Streamer Cap 4K - BU113 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 uvc usb3}}  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia GC515 video capturing device 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 USB 3.2 Gen 1 (3.1 Gen 1)}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer Ultra GC553
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 usb3 powered by Type C USB cable and 4K HDMI cable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer Ultra S GC553PROW 302AGC553DL2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1553
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 powered by good quality type C USB3 cable and 4K HDMI 2.0 cable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVermedia Live Gamer Mini GC311 302AGC311DG9 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1311
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 uvc compliant up to 1080p 60fps capture and supports internal hardware H.264 encoding - if flashing blue light try another '''quality''' micro usb cable - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Ez Recorder 330 (ER330) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 designed to work independently and is generally not compatible as a plug-and-play UVC capture card }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer extreme3 GC551G2 (LGX3) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3551
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 uvc compliant for intensive gaming streams, some vrr but no hdr with maximum recording resolution of 4K30/1080p60 from fully wired usb3 compatible cable - passing through 4K60/1080p120 Game Capture video capturing device HDMI}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer Ultra Pro GC553Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 usb3 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer Ultra 2.1 GC553G2 61GC553G20BV video capturing device 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 USB 3.2 Gen 1 (3.1 Gen 1)}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia GC575
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 usb3 powered by Type C USB cable and 4K HDMI cable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVMatrix 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ClonerAlliance Flint 4KP Plus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DIGITNOW U600 video capture card 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 uvc uac  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epiphan AV.io HD
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epiphan AV.io 4K 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Cam Link 4K 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0FD9
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/elgatosf/capture-device-support Elgato HD60 S+]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0FD9
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x006C, 0x006E
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 4K 30FPS capture, 1080p 60FPS uvc}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato HD60 X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0FD9
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Cam Link 4K HDMI video capture card 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0FD9
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 uvc compliant but can have usb disconnects}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EVGA XR1 USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 USB 3.0 device with 1080/60 capture and 4K/60 passthrough}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EVGA XR1 lite USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 USB 3.0 device }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EVGA XR1 Pro USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 USB 3.0 device with 1080/60 capture and 4K/60 passthrough}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EZcap Game Link Raw - ezcap321 usb3.1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 2160p30, 1080p120 and 1440p60 HDMI input and pass-through. - 1080p120, 2160p30 and 1440p60 recording. - Latency less than 50ms uvc}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EZCap GameDock Ultra 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 record at 4K30, 1440p60, and 1080p120}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EZcap 360 Game Capture Extreme 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 USB 3.0, 4K 60FPS passthru and 1080p 240FPS}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EZCAP 364 GameDock Extreme 2.1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Genki ShadowCast 1 &amp; 2, the Pro version 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HAUPPAUGE HD PVR Pro 60 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021  4K in/Out 1080P 60fps Capture and Streaming PC Connected and Stand Alone }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;INOGENI 4K2USB3 2830 3826 HDMI 4K to USB 3.0 UHD 1080p Video Capture Card 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2997
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0004
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 uvc compliant made in Canada - usb3-b socket and 1 hdmi 1080p from 23.98 up to 60p, 4K@30 fps maybe - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kondor Blue 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nanjing Magewell Electronics Co ltd USB 3.0 XI100DUSB-HDMI Pro Capture 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell USB3.0 Silver HDMI Full HD Video Capture Device 1080p 32011 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 usb audio extract HDMI embedded audio output via headphones}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell USB capture HDMI PLUS 2K 32040 320400000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 captures video up to 1920×1200, 1920×1080 or 2048×1080 at 60 fps over an HDMI capture from devices such as game consoles in up to DCI 4Kp60 4:2:0 input resolution, and it automatically upscales/downscales the signal to 2K for recording or streaming}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell USB capture HDMI Gen2 32060 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2015 1080p gets hot, 165M HDMI receiver, max input 2048x1080 60fps 4:4:4, RGB/YUV 4:4:4 8/10/12-bit, YUY 4:2:2 12-bit, up to 8-channel 24-bit HDMI-embedded audio at 192kHz, HDMI 1.4a, output from 480p to 1080p, YUY2/UYVY/RGB24/RGB32 support video cropping, up/down scaling, de-interlacing, aspect ratio conversion, color format conversion, frame rate conversion, flip and mirror, up to 2-channel IEC60958 audio streams, 5V 0.5A 2.5W, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell USB Capture 4K Plus 32090 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 limited by the bandwidth of USB 3.0, the maximum frame rate can only reach 30 fps when capturing}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell USB Capture 4K PRO
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell Pro Convert IP to USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|Captures one network eth NDI® High Bandwidth, NDI® HX2, NDI® HX3 sources or H.264/H.265 video source into software at resolutions up to 1080p60}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell USB Fusion 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|versatile USB video capture device that allows users to switch between two HDMI inputs and one USB webcam input for live presentations}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ROLAND UVC-01 USB Video Capture
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2020  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sunplus Innovation Technology Inc. MiraBox HSV321 ARX321 Video Capture device 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;ox1bcf
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2c99
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 uvc uac  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UGREEN CM716 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| uvc uac but disable HDCP on your source device (PS4/PS5, Xbox) }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VisionTek UVC HD60 Capture Card
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acer Aspire Crystal Eye AOA110 AOA150 0.3M 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2008 webcam }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Streamer CAM 313 (PW313) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2019 uvc 1080p/30 webcam}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Streamer DUO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2021 uvc 1080p/60 webcam}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://reviews.cnet.co.uk/webcams/creative-live-cam-optia-af-review-49294183/ Creative Live Cam Optia AF] 2.0M
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{no|2008 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DSLR macro extensions + a cheap 50mm E-Series lens + some PVC tubing and a negative holder 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes| if uvc camera chosen}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DSLR scanning using a macro lens, for the adapter, for a 3d printed negative holder) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes| if uvc camera used }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech C270 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0825
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|720p }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech C910 C920 HD Pro 5Megapixels 720p 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|Output mjpg 1080p}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech C920s c922 HD Pro 5Megapixels 1080p 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|Output mjpg 1080p}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Brio 100 300 500 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|}} 1080p 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech MX Brio 4k 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|4k}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft's LifeCam HD-3000 HD-5000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045e
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 0x0779
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.06
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft LifeCam Cinema 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft LifeCam Studio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} sony imx179 1080p 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pi 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} 1/2.8” Sony IMX291 image sensor, it's a 2MP, UVC-compliant, ultra-wide-angle, low light, high-speed USB 2.0 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} OV5648 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;razer kiyo 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} 4 megapixel sensor 1080p 30fps 720p 60fps - 12 led ring light adjustable 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TeckNet C068 1.3mpixel HTD USB2.0 Camera Vimicro Z-Star Corp 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0AC8
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 0x3420 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x01FA
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/wltechblog/thingino-installers/tree/main/wyze-cam-4 Wyze Cam V4] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H0QLiC9QoQU firmware]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no| verified with os04d10 sensor (i2c 0x3c) but not GC4653 (i2c 0x29)}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;YEALINK(XIAMEN) NETWORK UVC50 is compatible with the UVC 1.1 protocol CP960-UVC50 and CP960-UVC80 kits PTZ, CP960-UVC30 Kit is UVC 1.5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amcrest ProHD 1080P WiFi Wireless IP Security Camera - 1080P (1920TVL), [https://www.ispyconnect.com/man.aspx%3Fn%3DAmcrest IP2M-841] nvr 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} h264/rtsp, motion detection, features Sony image sensor and Ambarella processor - rtsp://[username]:[password]@[IPaddress]:[port]/cam/realmonitor?channel=[channel]&amp;subtype=[stream] - [username] - username to login to the DVR or NVR, [password] - password, [IPaddress] - IP address of the device. If you are not on the same local network, this should be the external IP address of the device's network, [port] - port number, [channel] - channel number of the stream, [stream] - view the Main or Sub stream. (main stream is 0, sub stream is 1) , eg. rtsp://admin:admin@192.108.1.108:80/cam/realmonitor?channel=1&amp;subtype=1 - utilizing RTSP ( rtsp://user:pass@ipcam1 )  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Axis all modern ones 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} RTSP/RTP + H264/mjpeg or MJPEG over HTTP
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PTZ 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DLink DCS-5222 5222L network camera 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} camera streams H.264 over RTP controlled by RTSP 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Dlink DCS900 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wansview 1080p [http://marc.merlins.org/perso/linuxha/post_2013-11-10_Reviewing-IP-Webcams-for-Linux-and-Zoneminder_Dlink-DCS900_-Ubnt-Aircam_-Foscam-FI8904W-FI8910W_-FFI9820W_-FI9821W_-Wansview-NCB541W_-and-Zavio-F3210.html#NCM625GA NCM625GA] IP Camera WiFi Wireless IP Security Camera , Full HD Plug n Play Home Surveillance / Baby Monitor 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} RTSP/RTP + H264/mjpeg - play its HD stream without problem with vlc rtsp://ip/live/ch0 and getting  jpegs http://ipaddr/mjpeg/snap.cgi?chn=0 - methods involve transcoding h.264 video from the camera into jpeg's, which is cpu intensive - able to pull images manually, using http://username:password@ip/mjpeg/snap.cgi - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wansview NCB541W
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avermedia Game Capture HD C281 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2011 standalone h.264 recording of up to component cable not hdmi but not uvc}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avermedia GL310 Live Gamer Portable (LGP Lite)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2014 not working usb2 and USB Lite no uvc}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avermedia AVerMedia Live Gamer Portable ([https://github.com/Trouffman/octv_gears_lgp Model C875])  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2014 usb2 no uvc}}   
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia LGX Live Gamer extreme GC550
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2015 but [https://github.com/ChrisAJS/lgx2userspace driver]}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia LGX2 Live Gamer extreme2 gc550 plus gc551 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2017 but [https://github.com/ChrisAJS/lgx2userspace driver]}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avermedia ExtremeCap UVC - BU110 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2017 maybe not uvc and uac}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer Portable 2 Plus GC513 Micro-USB Capture Box LGP2 Plus
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1513
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2017 powered by a standard Micro-USB cable, video capture output up to 1080p60 capture to hdmi in, standalone sd card recording on exFAT or FAT32 of .MOV, 2160p pass-through hdmi out to tv - no vrr - [https://www.avermedia.com/uk/support/download#ans_part firmware latest 2.1.7.13, 2.1.7.14], SN74AVC8T245 8bit, DRV604 stereo, iTE IT6663FN hdmi 2.0 splitter, TLV320DAC3101 DAC, CS42L73 audio codec, CDCE913 PLL clock, W29N01HVSINA nand bios, I-Catch V35MA SOC CPU 32bit MIPS24K, ADV7480 hdmi mhl, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer 4K LG4K GC573 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2018 not uvc but [https://github.com/derrod/lg4k-linux drivers here], }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Blackmagic intensity Extreme Capture Card
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2011 not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BlackMagic Intensity Pro 4k 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2015 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Video Capture (1VC108601000)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Game Capture 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc, mini usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Game Capture HD60 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Game Capture HD GCHD 2GC309901000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc https://github.com/tolga9009/elgato-gchd needs firmware mb86h57_h58_idle.bin and mb86h57_h58_enc_h.bin - mini usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato HD60S Elgato Game Capture 4K60 S+ Video Capture 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|non uvc, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;August EZCap.tv model 116 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }} poor audio recording 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;E-SDS Diamond Maplin 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge 1212 HD PVR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }} analog and component only - PlayStation (.m2ts), AVCHD (ts), or XBox(.mp4) recording formats - switched the component output from the default YPbPr to RGB. 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge 1431 1445 HD PVR Gaming Edition HDMI Capture 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2014 not working, can get warm}}  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge HD Rocket 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge HD-PVR2 (model 145210 Rev E4) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xE502
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge 1480 1482 HD PVR 2 GE Gaming Edition HDMI Capture green LED - 1498 1503 1504 Plus version with Mac support 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xe514 0xe524
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| can get warm - [https://ez.analog.com/video/w/documents/581/adv7482-design-support-files ADV7482] [https://patchwork.kernel.org/patch/9201075/ video chip] with Magnum DXT H.264 encoder blob, IDR keyframe generation poor - best for model 157210 and not 157221 and Game Edition Plus (model 157320) 2040:E505 E505-00-00AF1234 [http://www.hauppauge.com/site/support/linux.html#tabs-3 ]}} 
* HDMI: 1920x1080p50/60, 1920x1080i50/60, 1280x720p50/60, 720x480i, 720x576i, 640x480p60.
* Component: 1920x1080p50/60, 1920x1080i50/60*, 1280x720p50/60, 720x480p60, 720x480i, 720x576i.
* Composite: 720x480i and 720x576i 
* Audio Inputs : HDMI PCM and RCA support with Adjustable Bitrate Quality 2 Channel AAC/AC3 audio codec 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge 1512 HD PVR 2 PC blue LED with optical in input on the back 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xe525
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }} can get quite warm - IR Blaster added - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge Colossus2 E585-00-00AF4321 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xe585
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ion SLIDES2PC 35mm Portable Slide &amp; Film Scanner 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ion Pics 2 PC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ION PowerScan USB film and slide scanner
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2011 not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Koolertron Sunny 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FilmScan35 35mm Film Negative Scanner 1304 marks spencer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;U3 HD Capture 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/openrazer/openrazer Razer Ripsaw HD] Game Capture (RZ20-01780100)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2017 not uvc put in usb2 slot and use video BGR3 (Emulated) and OpenRazer drivers }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Ripsaw HD USB HDMI Capture Card 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1532
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0d01
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2018 not uvc compliant}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Silvercrest 35mm Photo Slide Scanner 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc but not great quality}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Z-Star Microelectronics Corp. Traveler TV 6500 SF Dia-scanner
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0ac8
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3370
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2010 not uvc and poor scans}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
|}


=== WebAR + WebVR = WebXR Headset ===

 AROS needs an usb based uvc.class to vhi like type driver for virtual display 

The primary engineering challenge of VR is motion sickness caused by a mismatch of visual and inner ear information, which is extremely well established as causing people to throw up in a wide range of contexts outside of VR. The experiences that make some people sick are low framerate. Foveated rendering doesn't solve vergence accommodation. Your eye will still be focused at infinity regardless of where you are looking, you'll just have the illusion that the foreground or background are out of focus. Eye tracking plus dynamic lenses (perhaps liquid lenses) or real light fields are necessary. 

First start with apps that have simple static features at first, then advance to dioramasa and teleportation options for 10, 20 minutes and then gradually upgrade over a timespan of four weeks to train your brain. Avoid smooth motion stuff like rollercoaster or mountain heights until much later. Even with this preparation, VR makes 40% of people seasick nausea. If so, you may be able to use VR glasses just to watch videos and some slow moving apps [https://www.emuvr.net/ emuVR] instead.

*2014-2019 1st Gen, low resolution, 
*2020-2025 2nd Gen, higher resolution, 
*2026-

Most hardware typically has a 1-3 year retail lifespan with 1-3 years of updates after. Really need &quot;right&quot; tethered PCVR rather than wireless. 
The advantage to being tethered to a PC is processing power. Any standalone headset is going to be running purely off of batteries.

VR and AR are known as XR

Technology will get immersed enough so not making people sick. Higher resolution, faster frame rates, and [https://github.com/opentrack/opentrack better tracking]. 
Eventually, hyper reality brings VR, AR and MR digital layers together as a less chaotic, optic tracking with no delay, agents understanding, experiences with objects 

3Dgs 4Dgs gassian splats bullet time slice photo snaps .ply for WebXR 

[https://lvra.gitlab.io/docs/hardware/ ], 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Big Screen Beyond 1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 pcvr 2560 x 2560, fixed IPD,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;bigscreen Beyond 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 pcvr oled 5120 x 2560 @75Hz 2688x2688 @90Hz over pancake lenses, 116 FOV, virtual screens, custom facial plate from iphone app, streamvr 2.0 basestations and controllers not included, no passthrough, 107g-196g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;bigscreen Beyond 2e 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 pcvr oled 5120 x 2560 total up to 90Hz pancake lens 116 FOV adjustable IPD app needed for adjustment, eye tracking, custom face mask cushion, streamvr 2.0 basestations and controllers not included, seperate head strap and speaker modules extra costs, 110g-300g }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Dpvr P1 Pro 4k Ultra Vr Headset 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 wireless snapdragon, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DPVR P2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Play for Dream MR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 android modular 3840x3552 uoled per eye 90Hz or qled mura issues, Arm snapdragon XR2+ Gen 2, eye tracking and 11 cameras 7 sensors 22 ir leds 14ms latency and foveated rendering, 1.5hrs battery, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Play for Dream GravityXR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 ultralight head gear gx100 3w }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://lvra.gitlab.io/docs/community/ Valve Index HMD] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 tethered PC VR headset 1440 x 1600 120Hz, 108° and 104° FOV, fresnel lenses, SteamVR2 compatible tracking ir basestations, controllers aka Knuckles, dp 1.2 and usb3 cable proprietary cable end, no battery, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Valve Steam Frame (Valve Deckard / Valve’s Index 2) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 - 2160 x 2160 up to 144Hz pancake lens, 108° and 96° FOV, wifi 6 fovelated streaming, Qualcomm Snapdragon 8 Gen 3 with [https://github.com/FEX-Emu/FEX fex] arm-to-x86 x64 translation layer, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PSVR2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 PCVR with adapter, two, one for each eye, 2000 x 2040 resolution OLED panels from 90Hz 120Hz refresh rates,  fresnel lenses, 116° and 102° FOV, sony proprietary headset cable end, needs additional comfort options, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VisionPro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Goertek glasses 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive ?
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| 2016 2x 1080x1200 needs external power supply, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Original 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 108° and 96° FOV}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 , uvc, at least 2 powered steamvr basestations so 3 to 5 wall warts in total, proprietary cable end, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Pro 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2017 dual 1440x1600 oled displays, 116° and 100° FOV - steamvr 2.0 basestation 2 for 5m2 area 4 for 10m2 - steamvr 2.0 joypads - low latency wireless later - type USB-c headphone adapter required, [https://github.com/CertainLach/VivePro2-Linux-Driver Rust on Linux] with [https://github.com/santeri3700/vive-pro-2-on-linux Shell], proprietary cable end, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lynx R1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 android Qualcomm Snapdragon XR2 Gen 1, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lynx R2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2026 company liquidated, 2 x 2312x2160 110 FOV pancake lenses, LynxOS android Qualcomm Snapdragon XR2 Gen, openxr 1.1, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Oculus Rift prototype development kit [https://www.virtual-boy.com/forums/t/the-oculus-rift-dk1-thread/ DK1] with [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X_T4DJyy2Bo wired razer hydra controllers]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2013 pcvr LCD 1280 × 800 resolution 640 × 800 per eye up to 110° FOV, and 3DoF rotational tracking via a 1000Hz 9-axis IMU (Accelerometer, gyroscope, and magnetometer), no positional optical tracking either inside-out or outside-in, 380g, nausea issues, , }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Oculus Rift prototype development kit [https://github.com/facebookarchive/RiftDK2/tree/master DK2], [https://www.ifixit.com/Teardown/Oculus+Rift+Development+Kit+2+Teardown/27613 ifixit teardown] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2014 pcvr, 5.7&quot; Super AMOLED display with a resolution of 960 x 1080 per eye 100° field of view, 1 usb Positional Tracker DK2 camera, lots of wires}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Facebook [https://github.com/thaytan/OpenHMD/tree/rift-kalman-filter Oculus Rift CV1] [https://noraisin.net/diary/?m=202201 some Linux support] [] [https://github.com/OpenHMD/OpenHMD/issues/330 AMD usb issues] [https://github.com/OpenHMD/OpenHMD/wiki/Xorg ] [https://github.com/Doc-Ok/OculusRiftCV1Camera Live Video] [https://www.youtube.com/@thaytan Youtube] [https://github.com/Fredrum/riftOnLinux Pi] [https://github.com/OhioIon/riftDriverPi ], but not quite there with the [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DSsCN6HFkWc consumer CV1], [https://forum.dcs.world/topic/142259-cv1-not-working-in-dcs/#comment-2878168 orange led could be HDMI Signal is not within HDMI Spec and might be Overclocked or usb3 not getting enough power frustrating],  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3031, 0x2031, 0x0031 and 0x0211 for 3p-a basestations lighthouses, 0x045e 0x02e6 for xbox wireless adapter 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2016 powered run from your PC maybe uvc via wired dual PenTile OLED 2160x1200 (1080x1200 per eye) @ exactly 90Hz but screen door effect (space between pixels), 87 FOV, IPD from 58mm to 72mm, good 3D audio and okay mic, constellation headset 6DOF (3-axis rotational tracking + 3-axis positional tracking) with up to 3 usb infrared basestation (1 in front and 2 behind pointing upwards) on usb3 and usb2 to your PC but the tracking can be fragile so set it up on a weekly basis, wired only HDMI 1.3, USB 3.0 bus powered with proprietary plug in headset, 470g 1lb front heavy, 2 robust 1st Gen touch controllers with external sensors i.e. outside-in - 1 aa alkaline over rechargable battery each , press occulus and B buttons for 2 secs to connect, headset traps air so gets very warm inside and random disconnects due to twisting action on the top of the headset and/or cables, t4 torx screws }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Facebook Occulus Go 32Gb 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2018 discontinued 2020 android based, Qualcomm Snapdragon 821 chipset (quad kyro with Adreno 530 gpu 3Gb RAM), single 5.5-inch LCD 2560x1440 or 1280×1440 pixels per eye and a refresh rate of 72 or 60Hz, 100 deg viewing angle, no inside-out and limited self tracking, micro usb, limited 2600mAh battery lasts under 2 hours at best, one wireless controller, not for gaming but very casual use, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Facebook Oculus Rift S [https://noraisin.net/diary/?m=202201 some Linux support] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0051 headset (cdc, audio, tracking data), 0x2052 usb hub, 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2019 PCVR wired dual LCD 1080 by 1200, 88 horizontal FOV, display port (fibre optic strands) and annoying USB3 copper cables (power, audio and other data) but proprietary port in the headset, cameras on the headset (&quot;inside-out&quot;) tracking so no base stations, non removeable head band and cushions and ipd hard to set, requires specific fragile Rift S/Quest1 2nd Gen Touch controllers which has a ring of translucent plastic with leds inside - t5 torx to disassemble for sticks drifting}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Facebook Occulus Quest 1 v50 50.0.0.198.257.455911078 / 49845030443200410 
*032Gb
*064Gb
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0183 (single adb boot), 0x0
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2019 android standalone wireless, 1440 x 1600 72Hz oled, front heavy though, play area 2m x 2m or bigger, low clocked Qualcomm Snapdragon 835 (MSM8998) (4x Kryo 280 Gold A73) + (4x Kryo 280 Silver A53) adreno 540, 2 to 3 hrs play time, 575g, 2nd Gen touch controllers, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meta Oculus Quest 2 KW49CM aka Codename Del Mar Hollywood [https://www.meta.com/en-gb/help/quest/967070027432609/ fragile 3rd Gen Touch controllers] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cgejky8ZeoM internal battery] and selling over 20 million, more than all other quest headsets combined 
*064Gb 
*128Gb (110Gb free) 
*256Gb 
Setup continuous wifi, create Meta Oculus account, [https://developers.meta.com/horizon/ verify dev account, click on My apps], [ create Organization -&gt; My Organization Groupings], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QPInS5xxF-0 finally, meta quest mobile app to switch on adb], 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x5010 (), 0x0083 (massstorage), 0x0086 (), 0x0186 (adb and xrsp [https://github.com/shinyquagsire23/xrsp_tests tests]), 0x0090 (composite adb), 0x0081 (), 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0419
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 android stand alone, lcd 1832x1920 per-eye 90Hz refresh rate, 97 FOV, fresnel lenses, 6DOF (degrees of freedom), 58-63-68 IPD settings, low clocked Arm snapdragon xr2 gen 1 (Kryo 585 octo 8core specific xr vr mr ar cpu, adreno 650 gpu and 3rd gen hexagon npu), b/w but no color passthrough, 6 t2 torx and 5 ph00 screws in headset (long bit), discontinued December 31, 2024, feature updates until December 2026, critical bug fixes and security updates until December 2027, 470g, Oculus + B button on right controller (move) and Menu + Y button on left controller (click) for about 3 seconds, 10W 5v 2a, RTL8153 chipset usb support, 
*V59 50670960048600150 
*V60 efuse OTP to prevent firmware bios reversal 
*V77 pcvr issues 
*V79 unable 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Facebook Occulus Quest Pro aka Codename Seacliff 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2022 android standalone wireless 1440 x 1600 72Hz oled, 106° and 96° FOV mini lcd local dimming, pancake lenses, limited eye tracking, play area 2m x 2m or bigger, higher clocked snapdragon xr2 gen 1 arm cpu Arm apps, 1 to 2 hrs play time, new pro controllers with 3 cameras each, battery at rear, wireless charging, color passthrough, 9V 3A or 5V 3A, 
*v77 capped wifi 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meta Oculus Quest 3 aka Codename Eureka [ Air Light ALVR] or [ WiVRn] with fragile touch plus q3 controllers 
*128Gb
*512Gb
streaming from PC with [https://github.com/alvr-org/Monado-ALVR ALVR], runtime of [https://monado.freedesktop.org/ Monado steamvr alternative openxr openVR], with Envision GUI, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 standalone, pancake lenses on lcd 2064 x 2208 res panel per eye 1200ppi - 104° and 96° FOV - up to 120Hz, Arm snapdragon xr2 gen 2 apps,  foveated rendering, Meta Link cable USB-C 3.2, headstrap clamshell or halo style, speaker arms fragile, color passthrough, 510g, 18W 9v 2A or 15W 5V 3A, 
*v74 ok 
*v76 pcvr issues 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meta Quest 3S aka Codename Ventura Panther  
*128Gb
*256Gb
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 Arm snapdragon xr2 gen 2 cpu (6core ), lcd 1832 x 1920 fresnel lenses, 97 FOV, headphone arms fragile, better air flow, no promixity sensor inside, Meta Link cable USB-C 3.2, passthrough, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meta Boba 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 ultra-wide 180° x 120° FOV, snapdragon XR2 G2,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meta Tiramisu 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027  µOLED displays with 90 pixels per degree,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax 5K Super Plus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax 8K
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2020  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax 8K-X 8KX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax Crystal Light 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 tethered to PC with 2160 x 2160 4k 120Hz, 115° and 96° FOV, inside-out tracking, no battery, display port cable, variable qc and customer service, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax Crystal Super 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 tethered to PC with 3640 x 3640 4k 90hz, 116°+ and 100° FOV,  eye tracking, inside-out tracking, no battery, display port cable, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax Dream Air with Lighthouse(s)  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 tethered 3840 by 3552 @90Hz micro oled with pancake lens, 100 HFOV 96 VFOV but FOV IPD changes in app, link box for headset 2 split y cables, removable face gasket, 290g, steamVR2 bases and controllers, eye tracking, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax Dream Air SLAM 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026  Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) tracking inside-out so no base stations,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://somniumspace.com/ Somnium VR One VR1] [https://portal.vrgineers.com/user-guide/software/ open source] VR headset
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 pcvr 2880 x 2880 per eye @90 @120Hz, 125° horizontal 100° vertical FOV, 2 x SteamVR 2.0 bases, passthrough, 900g }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Varjo Aero VR-1 Headset 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 psu needed, 2 x Mini LED binocular of 150 nits, 2880x2720 per, 90Hz, FOV 102° horizontal, 73° vertical, 720g with headstrap, 2 x SteamVR 2.0 basestations, no speakers/mic, hdmi and usb3.0}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Varjo Aero XR-3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Varjo Aero XR-4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Camelo La Melaza Music Shield 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2026 no usb only bluetooth ,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;InAir 2 elite suite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 ar  nits 46FOV , , 4h battery life, 80g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Oakley Vanguard 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RayNeo Air 3s 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 AR 100in 46FOV 650nits, usb-c 79g  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RayNeo Air 3S Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 AR 135in virtual display 46FOV 1200nits, usb-c 80g }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RayNeo Air 4 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 AR oled vision 4000 processing, HDR10, 47 FOV }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rokid Max 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 ar 147in 50 FOV 650nits, usb-c back left, 76g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rokid AI Spatial with Station 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 AR 600nits 147in 50FOV  75g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rokid 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| ar ai smart glass}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Viture Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 135in 46 FOV 1000nits, magnetic connector, 77g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VITURE XR Luma 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 ar 147in 1200p 50 FOV, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Viture Luma Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 152in 52 FOV 1000nits 1200p, 3dof, , 79g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Viture Luma Ultra 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 in  FOV, 2 cameras, 3dof 6dof,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/wheaney/XRLinuxDriver Viture Luma Pro] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Viture Beast 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 ar 1250nits 58FOV 174in, magnetic,  88g,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VITURE Beast X Glasses models (Immersive 3D Moonlight) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 based 2D to 3D conversion with support DP Alt Mode (DisplayPort over USB-C), 1200p, 3df tracking, practic lenses 58deg POV, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xreal One 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 ar 600nits, 50FOV, 3dof, usb-c 84g,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;XReal One Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 ar 700nits 57FOV 171in, usb-c, x1 3dof, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nreal now Xreal Air 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 , micro-oled 1080p, audio, virtual uvc ar displays, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nreal now Xreal Real3D 1S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 AI based 2D to 3D conversion 57 FOV, , virtual uvc ar displays not vr, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xiami XR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xtal 8k
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apple Vision Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2022 tethered AR mixed reality glasses,   3300ppi, 800g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Google XR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Focus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 standalone }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Focus Plus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 android with 2 1440 x 1600 75Hz amoled, inside-out, durable motion controllers, Vive port,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Pro EYE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2019 dual-OLED displays 2880 x 1600 combined resolution), SteamVR 2.0 tracking, foveated rendering, Tobii, it enables gaze-based menu navigation with avatar eye contact, proprietary cables, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vibe Cosmos 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2018  poor tracking and lifespan on controllers,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vibe Cosmos Elite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2020 1440x1700 per eye resolution, 90 Hz refresh rate, 6 DoF tracking, 2880 x 1700 combined pixel resolution, 97° FoV, two controllers and two base stations. Lighthouse tracking, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Focus Vision Wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Focus 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 per-eye resolution of 2448×2448 at 90 Hz, a 120-degree field of view, Qualcomm Snapdragon XR2 Gen 1,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive XR Elite VR Headset Deluxe Pack 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2022 snapdragon xr2 gen 1, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pico Goblin 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2017 android based, 2.5K 1280x1440 per eye @70Hz, 92° FoV, and 3DoF (three degrees of freedom) tracking (Orientation tracking only—yaw, pitch, roll), single controller, snapdragon 820, ipd adjustment 54-71 mm, 600g,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico G2 4K
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2020 android standalone VR headset, 3840 x 2160 (4K) LCD screen, Snapdragon 835 processor, 3DoF so rotational movement (looking around, pointing) rather than positional movement (walking, leaning), does not support hand or eye tracking, 800g }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico NEO 2 EYE
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2020 6DoF 360g snapdragon 845 display 4k 75Hz tracking inside-out - magnetic field for controllers - pico software on android 8 - eye tracking }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico Neo 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 Snapdragon XR2 Gen, 4K 3664 x 1920 90Hz lcd, battery at rear, displayport, Pico apparently emulates Oculus controllers, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico Neo 3 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico Neo 3 Link 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico 4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 2160x2160 panel per eye 75Hz 90Hz 105 FOV, Arm snapdragon xr gen 1, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico 4 ultra 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 2160 x 2160 @90 105 FOV, snapdragon XR2 G2, streaming from PC with alvr, wireless streaming from PC with WiVRn, Pico apparently emulates Oculus controllers, not plug and play, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico 5 aka Project Swan aka Vision Pro Competitor 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 micro-oled BOE 3840 x 3840 4000ppi per eye, MLA pancake lenses, custom pico arm cpu, pico os 6 android, eye and hand tracking, 300g,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung Galaxy XR VR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 3552 x 3840 @60-90 109 FOV , Arm snapdragon XR2+ Gen 2, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Shiftall MeganeX 8K 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 android  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://en.shiftall.net/products/meganex8k MeganeX Superlight 8K] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 android (3552 x 3840 pixels) into pixel count yields 27.27MP 10-bit HDR-compatible 4K resolution micro OLED panels @90Hz, pancake lenses 94 FOV, SteamVR™ tracking, 180g, 5V 2A, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://en.shiftall.net/products/meganex8kmk2 MeganeX 8K Mk2 MkII] [https://github.com/sboys3/CustomHeadsetOpenVR community] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 pcvr linux, 4K per eye (1.35inch micro OLED 3552x3840 10 bit HDR) 27MP @90Hz 75Hz 72Hz pancake, upto 108 hor 100 vert FOV, usb-c and dp cables to breakout box, 5V 2.1A, 200g}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Shiftall 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Shiftall 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acer Windows(TM) MR AH101 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 Dual 2.89” LCD panels 2880 x 1440 combined (1440 x 1440 per eye) Up to 90Hz (HDMI 2.0), or 60Hz (HDMI 1.4), Field of View FOV 95, Tracking Inside-out, lots of light leak, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acer H7001 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2017 wmr 1440 x 1440 per-eye resolution @90Hz refresh rate, and 100-degree field of view FOV, inside-out tracking with front-mounted cameras so no external sensors, flip-up visor design but has a &quot;screen door effect,&quot; subpar foam padding, win10 to win11 24H2,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Dell Visor Mixed Reality VRP100 VR118
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2017 2x 1440x1440 a bit of nose light leak }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fujitsu 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2017 cheap and lots of light leak }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/HadesVR HadesVR] with [https://github.com/ManoloMancelli/Persephone-Classic-Controller Persephone Controller]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HFaVjB1uNOM Persephone 3 Pro DiY 6Dof SteamVR Headset], 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HP Reverb G1 VR1000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 WMR 2160 x 2160 @90Hz, 115 FOV, , hp proprietary headset cable end, 2 camera tracking but poor and controllers can be unresponsive, 500g front heavy, flight sims rather than gaming,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HP 1440p Spatial Computing 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 dim display }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://forums.x-plane.org/forums/topic/294764-vr-in-linux-without-steam/ HP Reverb G2] WMR VR3000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2020 2 2160 x 2160 90Hz, needs Windows10 or Win 11 24H2, 4 camera tracking, controllers can be unresponsive, hp proprietary headset cable end, , }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HP 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mirage Solo is a Standalone VR headset
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 Qualcomm Snapdragon 835, 1280x1440 per eye resolution, 75 Hz refresh rate, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lenovo Explorer VR2511N (G0A2) VR windows mixed reality (WMR) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 LCD 2.89&quot; 1440 x 1440 per eye @90Hz, 6 DOF position tracking, 400g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/relativty/relativty open source relativty] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung MHD Odyssey XE800ZAA WMR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 9V 500mA oled screens 2x 1440x1600 with usb3 and hdmi cables but bluetooth dongle required }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung MHD Odyssey+ Plus WMR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 dual 3.5-inch AMOLED displays 2880 x 1600 total @90Hz, 6DOF inside-out tracking with usb3 and hdmi cables but bluetooth dongle required, use only win10 or win11 24H2,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PSVR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2016 2x 1080x960 up to 120Hz, lots of cables and computation brick, sony camera needed for tracking, ps4 or move controllers, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Virtuality 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|1992 , , Amiga 3000 with TI chips, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Virtuix Omni 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 VR treadmill changed course to commercial VR and pivotted back again 2020, }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


=== HDMI CEC transmitter and receiver ===

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


=== TV Remote Control MCE IR transmitter and receiver ===

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Compro K100 K300
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|need extra software support}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elitegroup Computer Systems
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1019
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0f38
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GMYLE MCE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|acts as usb-hid with limited keyboard like controls }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge WinTV-PVR kit
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Harmony 300 i300 600 650 800 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|need extra software support}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft MCE Commander 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2005 need extra software support}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft 1039 rev 1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2005 home top of square shape direction keys}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft 1039 rev 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2006 home under circle spaced direction keys}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft 1069 SMK Manufacturing, Inc
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0609
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0334 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2007 untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Philips RC1974506/00 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0471
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0815
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony RM-MCE10E PC REMOTE CONTROL VGN-AR21M VGX-XL100 VGN-AR21B/AR21S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony RM-MCE20E PC REMOTE CONTROL
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony RM-MCE30E PC REMOTE CONTROL VGN-AW21XY VGX-TP3E VGX-TP3G 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony RM-MCE50E PC REMOTE CONTROL VGC-LA2R 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TSDX-IR14 USB MCE Media Center External Infrared IR Receiver
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;chipsets support CIR (consumer IR) Winbond W83977F/AF, SMC IrCC 2.0 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|technical reasons it's not possible to use USB IrDA dongles}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zotac RC2604323/01G Zbox Media Remote Control with IR USB Receiver OVU710
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Anycubic Cobra 2 Max 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bambu Labs A1 Mini 3D printer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2019 EMS proprietary slicer app and cloud use, eSUN}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bambu Labs X1 Carbon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bambu Labs X2D 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creality K1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creality K2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creality 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elegoo 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lulzbot 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Prusa 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Qidi 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Snapmaker U1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 tool changer  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sovol SV08 Max
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| open source voron model, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;desktop pick and place machines AFARCO PNP running OpenPnP for Desktop SMT 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


==ethwrap.class - Host Data Link &quot;Cable Bridge&quot; for data transfer==

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Advance USBNET (eTEK design)
| 0x0525
| 0x9901
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| ALi Uli M5632 (chip)
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Aten (Ali Corporation) UN201
| 0x0402
| 0x5632
| 
| {{maybe|force binding from rawwarp to ethwrap}}
|-
| Belkin (eTek design see below)
| 0x050d
| 0x0004
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Digitus DN-3004 - USB Host Link
| 
| 
| 
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| EPSON USB client
| 0x0525
| 0x2888
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| eTEK
| 0x056c
| 0x8100
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| KC-190
| 0x050f
| 0x0190
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| GeneSys GL620USB
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no driver the half-duplex GL620USB is NOT supported, products using it include the Inland Pro USB Quick Link}}
|-
| GeneSys GL620USB-A
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Laplink Gold (uses NetChip 1080)
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Prolific 2301/2302 (Jaton USB ConNET) (BAFO DirectLinq) 
| 0x067b
| 0x0000 and 0x0001
| 0x0004
| {{maybe|detected but untested}}
|-
| Xircom PGUNET (uses AnchorChips 2720)
| 0x0547
| 0x2727
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}

==cdcacm.class - USB modem==

The CDC ACM driver exposes the USB modem as a virtual serial modem or a virtual COM port to the operating system. The driver enables sending both data and AT commands, either through ACM (separating data and AT commands over different channels) or through Serial Emulation (passing the AT commands as is and as part of the data stream).

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Alcatel OT-I650 
| 0x1bbb
| 0x0003
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Acatel Dymamode/Dynamite
| 0x06b9
| 0xa5a5
| 
| {{N/A|untested Zyxel Prestige 630-13 - untested PROLiNK Hurricane 8000 external link }}
|-
| AnyData ADU-100A ADU-E100A ADU-E100D ADU-E100H D10
| 0x16d5
| 0x6501
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| AnyData ADU-310
| 0x16d5
| 0x650
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| AnyData ADU-500A ADU-510A ADU-510L ADU-520A
| 0x16d5
| 0x6502
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| AnyData ADU-610 ADU-620
| 0x16d5
| 0x650
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| BT On-Air USB MODEM 
| 0x079b
| 0x000f
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Conexant USB MODEM CX93010 
| 0x0572
| 0x1321
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Conexant USB MODEM RD02-D400 
| 0x0572
| 0x1324
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Conexant Chipset 
| 0x06ea
| 0x0002
| 
| {{N/A|untested AUS N367 Roadster II 56 USB (Model AM5050R3) - untested }}
|-
| [http://accessrunner.sourceforge.net/ Conexant AccessRunner]
| 0x0586
| 0x330a
| 
| {{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Creative Modem Blaster USB DE5670
| 0x1690
| 0x0101
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| FIREFLY, MediaTek Inc
| 0x0e8d
| 0x0003
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Huawei E122
| 0x12d1
| 0x1446
| 
| {{yes|works}} [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?post_id=49126#forumpost49126]
|-
| Huawei E160, E160E, E160G
| 0x12d1
| 0x1003
| 
|{{yes|works}} [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?post_id=51888#forumpost51888] (Chipset: Qualcomm MSM6246)
|-
| Huawei E169 also known as Vodafone K3715 and Huawei K3715 
| 0x12d1
| 0x1001
| 
|{{yes|works}} [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?topic_id=4941&amp;forum=4&amp;post_id=44683#forumpost44683] (Chipset: Qualcomm MSM7200)
|-
| Huawei E220 &quot;Vodafone EasyBox II&quot; &quot;T-Mobile wnw Box Micro&quot; also known as Huawei K3565 
| 0x12d1
| 0x1003
|
| {{yes|works, see E169 above (Chipset: Qualcomm MSM6280)}}
|-
| Huawei E1750
| 0x12d1
| 0x1001
| 
| {{N/A|untested (Chipset: Qualcomm MSM6290)}}
|-
| Huawei E170, E172, E176 
| 0x12d1
| 0x1003
| 
| {{N/A|untested (Chipset: Qualcomm MSM7200)}}
|-
| Huawei E180
| 0x12d1  
| 0x1406
| 
| {{yes|Works (Chipset: Qualcomm MSM7200)}}
|-
| KYOCERA AH-K3001V 
| 0x0482
| 0x0203
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| LG CU515
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| MediaTek Inc GPS 
| 0x0e8d
| 0x3329
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Metricom GS Modem 
| 0x0870
| 0x0001
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Motorola MOTOMAGX phones 
| 0x22b8
| 0x6425
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Motorola Q Phone 
| 0x22b8
| 0x7000
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Hummingbird huc56s (Conexant) 
| 0x0572
| 0x1329
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Netcomm Roadster II 128 ISDN
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Nokia n70 N95 HSDPA
| 
| 
| 
| {{yes|works - see [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?start=0&amp;topic_id=4415&amp;viewmode=flat&amp;order=ASC here]}}
|-
| OGO
| 0x045E
| 0x0079
| 0090
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Olitec ADSL Modem V2 
| 0x08e3
| 0x0100 / 0x0102
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onda PT502HS 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x19D2
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0001
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Radicom V92HU-E2
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung i8510 Innov8 Symbian smartphone
| 0x04e8
| 0x6651
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{yes|works}} [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?start=0&amp;topic_id=5552&amp;viewmode=flat&amp;order=ASC&amp;type=&amp;mode=0] 
|-
| Samsung Tocco Lite (aka GT-S5230)
| 0x04e8
| 0x6795
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{yes|works}} [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?start=0&amp;topic_id=5552&amp;viewmode=flat&amp;order=ASC&amp;type=&amp;mode=0] 
|-
| Shiro / Aztech USB MODEM UM-3100 
| 0x0572
| 0x1328
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| ZyDAS 56K USB MODEM 
| 0x0ace
| 0x1602
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| ZyDAS 56K USB MODEM 
| 0x0ace
| 0x1608
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| ZyDAS 56K USB MODEM - new version 
| 0x0ace
| 0x1611
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Zoom Telephonics Model 3095F USB MODEM 
| 0x0803
| 0x3095
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Ugobe Pleo
| 0x6962
| 0x0100
| 0x0100
| {{Yes|Works}}
|}


==Misc==

palmpda.class - no [http://aminet.net/package/util/libs/PdaLinkPoseidon pdalink.library and tools] in AROS 

 Palm PDA (discontinued) synchronisation requires a port of pdalink.library and its tools through virtual usbpalm.device.

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Palm IIIx (OS3.1) serial rs-232 only
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Palm IIIc (OS3.5)
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Palm V
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Palm m100
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Palm m125 first USB - last with aaa batteries
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Palm m500 (OS4)
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Tungsten T (OS5) first arm cpu 
| 0x
| 0x
| 0x
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Zire 31 (OS 5.28) color arm-based
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| [[:w:Handspring (company)|Handspring Visor]] – USB support out of box
|
|
|
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Handspring Treo 600 – last one for [[:w:Handspring (company)|Handspring]] 
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Treo 700w
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
|}


bluetooth.class - needs Bluetooth (Viking King Harald &quot;Bluetooth&quot; Gormsson (Old Norse: Haraldr Blátǫnn Gormsson; Danish: Harald Blåtand Gormsen) stack to work (not written due to licensing fees to use the symbol merging the Younger Futhark runes for H (ᚼ) and B (ᛒ), representing Harald's initials)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
|}


ccid.class - Chip/Smart Card Interface Devices (not implemented)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;cyberJack RFID basis
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0C4B
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x9102
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0001
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}


dfu.class - DFU firmware upgrade
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iPhone 3, 4, 5, 5c 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x05ac
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1290 0x1292 0x1294
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 32bit use with caution could cause damage}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iPhone 5s, 6, 7, 8, X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x05ac
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 64bit use with caution could cause damage}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio/Midiman USB audio
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iPad 1, iPad 2 A1395 A1430, iPad 3, ipad mini A1432, iPad A1458 4th Gen (MD512LL/A),  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008-2013 32bit A4, A5 up to Apple A6X, iOS 1 to 10, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iPad Air (1st generation) A1474, A1475, A1476, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014-2015 [https://github.com/AsahiLinux 64bit], A7, iOS 11 up to 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 64bit A8, A8X, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 64bit A9, A9X, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 64bit A10, A10X, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 64bit A11 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iPad Air 3rd Gen A2153, A2123, A2154, iPad Mini 5th Gen, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 64bit A12 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


RocketTool (USB Rocket Launchers - Toy missile launchers)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;3px&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Original Launcher and StrikerII (includes laser)
| 0x1130
| 0x0202
| 
| {{yes|works }}
|-
| Dream Cheeky USB Missile Launcher or USB Cirus Cannon
| 0x1941
| 0x8021
| 
| {{no|no driver }}
|-
| Dream Cheeky USB Webcam Missile Launcher
| 0x1941
|
| 
| {{no|no driver }}
|-
| Rocket Baby
| 0x0a81
| 0x0701
| 
| {{no|no driver }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


DRadioTool (FM Radios - USB radio devices D-Link/Gemtek)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| D-Link DSB-R100 USB 
| 0x04b4
| 0x1002
| 0x0410
| {{yes|works }}
|-
| [http://www.neoseeker.com/forums/383/t257009-link-usb-dru-r100-radio/ GemTek USB FM Radio 21]
| 0x04b4
| 0x1002
| 
| {{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


UproarTool (Valencia MPX mp3 player and others)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;3px&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Korean D Square Valencia MPX-Player
| 0x04e8
| various
| 
| {{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}


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==Host Adapter Protocol USB1 OHCI UHCI USB2 EHCI USB3.0 USB3.1 xHCI ==

Please let us know any mistakes or any information to be added, use Prefs/Trident to confirm Vendor and Product IDs 
Please chat at [https://www.arosworld.org/index.php AROS World]

*1996 USB1.0
*1998 USB1.1
*2000 USB2.0
*2008 USB3.0
*2013 USB3.1
*2017 USB3.2


AROS has these USB transfers 

*Control     - 
*Bulk        - Midi 1.0 ( 'send my data when you can' )
*Interrupt   - Midi 2.0
*Isochronous - USBAudio, Webcams, etc 

Isochronous is the starting point of modern types of multimedia creativity. IsoChronous isoc code is already in place in poseidon.library and '''scheduled''' transfers are queued to be later rerouted in the host driver code (needs to be written for each host protocol e.g. OCHI, UCHI, EHCI and [https://cdrdv2-public.intel.com/625472/625472_xHCI_Rev1_2b.pdf#:~:text=Page%203.%20Document%20Number:%20625472%2C%20Revision:%201.2b.%203. XHCI rev1.2], [https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/content-details/868296/extensible-host-controller-interface-for-universal-serial-bus-xhci-requirements-specification-r2-0.html rev2], etc). There seems to be 2 types of isoc transfers, one is just the normal isoc transfer and the other is realtime implementation of isoc transfer. 

For isoc transfer there needs to be a scheduler that makes sure no isoc transfers are dropped (in or out) and that they happen at the right time. It all gets difficult as the device making use of the isoc transfer may be at any point on the device tree. One needs to calculate the USB bandwidth for the packet based periodic transfers that are initiated by the host which have fixed but guaranteed bandwidth. Host controllers guarantee this bandwidth by planning a schedule of transfers ahead of time to ensure there is enough time reserved on the bus.

[https://www.intel.co.uk/content/www/uk/en/products/docs/io/universal-serial-bus/ehci-specification.html EHCI] [https://www.thegoodpenguin.co.uk/blog/understanding-why-usb-isochronous-bandwidth-errors-occur/ bus-bandwidth] vs payload-bandwidth and the algorithm of the EHCI scheduler. 
The bandwidth of the endpoint in terms of payload data (stuff we put in a packet) and the protocol overhead, signalling imposed bit stuffing, host delays etc. 

Poseidon controls the driver and device tree and it provides an API to communicate with the USB devices. Poseidon really doesn't care much about what sort of transfer pipe is opened or used, it only provides the means to do so and forwards the iorequests to the correct driver. Poseidon code is the higher level code for USB communication and drivers are of course the lower level one.


[[File:Psd.svg|220px|right]]


; Best Hardware - NEC Chipset (OHCI + EHCI), Intel Chipset (UHCI + EHCI), XHCI USB3.0, USB3.1 &amp; gen 2 Type-A Type-B Type-C 
; Next Best Set - General OHCI, SIS (OHCI + EHCI), 
; Buggy Chipset - [ Early AMD OHCI], ALi OHCI, VIA UHCI, Nvidia OHCI &amp; EHCI, 


=== USB1.1 ===
OHCI USB 1.1 - USB-IF sanctioned standard but hardware physical form removed with USB2.0 and replaced with virtual emulation of USB1 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| ALi Agere M5273 A1 M5237 Lucent USS-312 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Maybe}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| StarTech PCI425USB, CompUSA Iogear GIC220U-b, Nvidia 220 mobo, USBA2041P, ALi SU2A-PS, 
|-
| AMD 756 Chipset (onboard motherboard) 
| 0x1022 
| 0x740c 
| 0x06
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| no [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?post_id=31308#forumpost31308 usb devices detected] Geode GX1, 
|-
| CMD DU-A2 Silicon Image 0670 (pci AMD chipset)
| 0x1095
| 0x0670
| 0x06
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| Silicon Image 0673 (pci AMD chipset)
| 0x1095
| 0x0673
| 0x06
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| Nvidia Nforce2 USB
| 0x10de 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Maybe|Bios options vary but does with Plop Boot}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| Tested with 20th Aug 2012 improvement 
|-
| NEC µPD720100AGM 
| 0x1033
| 0x0035
| 0x 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Unk}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Unk}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| untested - Amiga Spider card with possible bottleneck issues at higher speeds 
|-
| NEC µPD720101AGM 720101GJ
| 0x1033
| 0x0035
| 0x43
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| Mac mini, Belkin F5U219vea (2+1 ports), Belkin F5U220vea1 (4+1 ports), Adaptec 3100LP, BAFO BF-460, GWC UC-160, IOGear GIC250U, Keyspan U2PCI-5, O'toLink U2-C2B U2-C2A U2-P20N U2-P50, Ratoc PCIU5, USBWholesale UII-PCIP 
|-
| NEC µPD720102
| 0x1033
| 0x00
| 0x 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Unk|untested }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Unk|untested }}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| Opti 82C861 2-port 
| 0x1045
| 0xc861
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| no USB devices detected - Belkin F5U005, 
|-
| SIS 7001 OCHI 
| 0x1039
| 0x7001
| 0x0f
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 20th Aug 2012 - not booting stalls on GRUB word with Plop Boot 
|-
|}


UHCI USB 1.1 - Intel standard but since 2009 no hardware support as USB2 introduced virtual emulation of USB1 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Intel 
| 0x8086 
| 0x
| 0x01 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No|not in bios use AROS floppy disc boot}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| Intel 82371AB EB MB PIIX4 
| 0x8086 
| 0x7112
| 0x01 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No|none in bios use other booting options}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|Detects most devices}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|most devices but not RTL8187b WG111v3 blue led not on and does not work}}
|  
|-
| Intel 82801DB/DBL/DBM (onboard i830 mbd)
| 0x8086 
| 0x24c4 
| 0x01 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Yes|but not from bios but floppy options}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Yes|}}
| RTL8187b WG111v3 blue led on and although device has software failure and recoverable error IT STILL WORKS. Fresh start sometimes needs Network Prefs Saved to work. 
|-
| VIA MVP4 (onboard mbd)
| 0x1106
| 0x30
| 0x40 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|most devices}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|most devices but not wireless options}}
| RTL8187b WG111v3 detected but blue led not on and does not work 
|-
| VIA VT82xx (onboard mbd)
| 0x1106
| 0x3038
| 0x40 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|most devices}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|most devices but not wireless usb}}
| RTL8187b WG111v3 blue led on but does not work 
|-
| VIA VT6202 (VIA VT83C572)
| 0x1106
| 0x3038
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|}} 
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| A-Best USB-200, Cables N Mor USBPCI, CompUSA, D-Link DSB500, Digital/Research DRUSBCARD, Kouwell IOFlex 580, StarMount USB VIA, 
|-
| VIA VT6112 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| VIA VT6212 (pci card)
| 0x1106
| 0x3038
| 0x61
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 2011 seems to have issues with other identical via based USB controller(s) present 
|-
| VIA VT6214L 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
|}


=== USB 2.0 EHCI ===
The USB-IF insisted on only one implementation of EHCI but it creates 4 virtual hcd to cover USB1.1 support. The virtual HCD on Intel and VIA EHCI controllers are UHCI. All other vendors use virtual OHCI controllers. Hardware EHCI USB2.0 ended in most chipsets in 2014/5 and is now virtual through most newer USB3.0 chipsets 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| ALi Agere M5273 A1 Lucent USS-344 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| {{N/A|untested}} belkin F5U006, 
|-
| Nvidia Nforce2 USB
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| Intel 82801DB/DBM (onboard mbd)
| 0x8086 
| 0x24cd 
| 0x01 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| NEC µPD720100AGM 
| 0x1033
| 0x00E0
| 0x 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| {{N/A|untested - Amiga Spider card}}
|-
| NEC 72101 GJ
| 0x1033 
| 0x00e0 
| 0x04
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| Belkin F5U219 VEA1 (pci), 
|-
| SIS ECHI 
| 0x1039
| 0x7002
| 0x00
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|issues about which port is used if it works at all}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| VIA VT6202 
| 0x1106
| 0x3104
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| VIA VT6212 (pci card)
| 0x1106
| 0x3104
| 0x62
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes|detects}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
|}


=== USB 3.x SuperSpeed SS (Speed 5Gbit/s 3.1 gen 1) aka xHCI eXtensible ===

USB Attached SCSI (UAS or UASP) is a protocol used for high-speed data transfer between computers and external storage devices like SSDs, HDDs, and some flash drives. It provides up to 70% faster read/write speeds than traditional Bulk-Only Transport (BOT) by allowing multiple commands to run in parallel, rather than waiting in a queue

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fresco Logic FL1000 FL 1000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1B73
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1000 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;link power management (LPM, USB 3.0 power saving) cannot be disabled so random connection issues  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fresco Logic FL1009-200 FL 1009 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1009 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Orico PFU3-2P
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fresco Logic FL1100-100 FL 1100SX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1100 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;LPM cannot be disabled so issues with disconnecting WD drives etc - CalDigit, ORICO PFU3-2P, FASTA-6GU3 Pro, inatech KTU3FR-2P 2 port USB 3.0,  and Inateck KT4004 (KTU3FR-4PA rev B2) for storage and hubs, etc 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fresco Logic FL1400 FL 1400 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1400 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fresco Logic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NEC Renesas xHCI µPD720200 uPD720200a chip
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1d6b
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0194
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|no USB3 but seems to works like USB2}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;recognized but not supported for USB3 but works like USB2 - ORICO PRU3-4P 4 Port USB, early Dell Wyse zx0 thin client,  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NEC Renesas xHCI µPD720201 uPD720201 chip
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x114 0x0115 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;recognized but not supported 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NEC Renesas xHCI µPD720202 uPD720202 chip
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1912 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0015
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;recognized but not supported 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.ti.com/product/tusb7340 TI] tusb7340 TUSB732 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8241
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;recognized but not supported Koutech IO-PEU436 but only one with open docs 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel xHCI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;recognized but not supported - integrated since Ivybridge 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel xHCI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Marvell 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Via Labs VL800 xHCI 0.96 support in VL800, VIA VL811 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3432 0x3438 0x3515 and 0x9201
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}} 2.0 backwards support 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Anker 68UPPCIE-2S20PU 2 port, Plugable 4-Port, GA-z77x-ud5h rev. 1.1 mobo, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Via Labs VL811+ 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Via Labs VL812 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;xHCI 1.0 support in VL805 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


USB 3.1 (power up to 100W and data 10Gbit/s USB 3.2 gen 2 - USB-A Full size plug - USB-B micro USB size - USB-C reversible) 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asmedia ASM1142 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1B21 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Connector: USB Type C and  USB Type A x 1 - Ugreen USB C PCI Card 2 Port USB 3.1 Type C 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Marvell 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel xHCI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[ Intel] Revision 1.8 1.9 Updated  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VLI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;AUKEY 4 Ports USB C , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Startech - PEXUSB312C - 2-port Usb 3.1 10Gbit/s
|-
|}

USB 3.2 (power up to 100W and data 20Gbit/s gen 2x2 - USB-A Full size plug - USB-B micro USB size - USB-C reversible) 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Marvell 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel xHCI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[ Intel] Revision 2.6 Update  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VLI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}

=== USB 4 (40Gbps thunderbolt, pcie 3.0 tunnelling, ) ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Marvell 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMD Ryzen7 6800U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel Goshen Ridge JHL8440 Controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VLI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{N/A|}}
|  
|-
|}


== hid.class (Human Interface Device) ==

=== Keyboard ===

 Some multi-finger touchpad support works but not on all touchpads  

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8BitDo Retro N C64 edition Keyboard, the super button accessory and optional N30 mouse
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 87 keys Kailh white}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8bitdo 108 Retro Mechanical Keyboard (white kailh) and two superbuttons (green) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Apple Pro Keyboard
| 0x05ac
| 0x0205 
| 0x0122
| {{yes|works (its two hub ports) but mouse scroll wheel issues}}
|-
| Apple Pro Keyboard
| 0x05AC
| 0x020B 
| 
| {{yes|works (two onboard ports also)}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Aigo K68 60% red switches, A68 A87 wireless 2G 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://amigakit.leamancomputing.com/catalog/product_info.php?cPath=49&amp;products_id=973 AmigaOne Keyboard]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akko TAC87 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 80% TKL }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akko MonsGeek FUN60 PRO&amp;MAX HE
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 60% hall effect }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akko 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 hall effect, good but expensive and software poor}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akko 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arteck HW197 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 keyboard and touchpad combo, aluminum frame, aa battery }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Azio Cascade 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Chilkey ND75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024  good 75% expensive}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Chilkey ND104 (Wuque Studios) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 premium clicky (WS Blue) or silent (WS White) key options with Ansi and ISO formats also numpad and calculator, aluminum machined, tri mode, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2026 untested magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Corsair K65 Mech MX no numeric keypad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Corsair CH-9000045 K70 Blue MX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Corsair K90 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Corsair K95 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Corsair K
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cherry G80 G80-3000L[x]C[yy]-[z] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cooler Master CM Storm Quickfire Rapid 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Corsair K100 Air 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 okay low profile but expensive 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Dell SK-8135 Dell USB Keyboard for Internet and Multimedia rev H for Dimension 4500, Dimension 8250, OptiPlex GX260n, OptiPlex GX60n, Precision 350 (R42232) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x413C
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2010 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes| usb1.1 keyboard hub 0x413C 0x1003 works as well - multimedia keys not mapped }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Deepcool KG722
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 65% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ducky Channel Zero DK2108 Mech Mechanical Cherry MX Red 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ducky Shine 3 Brown or Blue (DK9087) MX keys 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Das Keyboard Model S Ultimate 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker Cidoo V75 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x3151
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker rt100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 plastic build and no screws, numpad with small 0, mostly quiet seasalt switches, gimmick usb-c 1in screen}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EPOMAKER TH99  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }} USB-C full numpad keyboard 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;eopmaker P75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| expensive but good}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;eopmaker p87 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| expensive but good}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker x Leobog Hi75
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker x Feker Galaxy80
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker x Galaxy100 gmk/via 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 good 96% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker Aula F75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 budget version good 75% choice of 4 leobog switches}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;eopmaker Tide75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 good 75% and not too expensive}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker Ajazz AK992 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 109 key }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker Ajazz AK820 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker Ajazz AK35I V3 MAX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 104 keys - two models: wired and tri-mode connection - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker Aula F108 PRO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 pricy but okay 100% but only leobog graywood switches but hotswap available afterwards}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;eopmaker Ajazz AK980 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 97 keys }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker G87 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker RT82 RT85
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker RT100 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 96% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker x Galaxy100 lite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 good 96% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ATTACK SHARK X98 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 98% maybe silent linear feel with Two-color PBT keycap}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker ATTACK SHARK X68HE and X65HE 65% Wired Gaming Keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x3151
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x502D
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|2025 tested on Aros running on Raspberry Pi wired usb-c with magnetic hall effect keys}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Filco Ninja Majestouch-2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focus FK-760 Wireless Keyboard &amp; Trackball
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{yes|works}} but quality build issues raised 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GMMK Tenkeyless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested  default Gateron Brown switches for Kailh Box Jades default Gateron Brown switches for Kailh Box Jades}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GK61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GMK67 GMK87 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested budget good option}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hengchangtong HCT Limeme gk103s Entry Keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0xC0F4
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0009
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|half Keyboard left side only}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hexgears M2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 untested hotswap kaihl green switches}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hexgears 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Iqunix mq80
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 good 75% low profile keys
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Iqunix Magi65 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested good 65% low profile keys }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iqunix ez60 ez80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 untested specific hall effect switches - actuation point, rapid trigger, etc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Jomaa YiChip Wireless 50% key with touchpad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x3151 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3000
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|dongle detected, keys and pad not working - 2 AAA NM}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron q0
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2022 untested numpad only}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron q1 v1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2022 untested okay}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron Q6 Max 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 untested 75% with numeric numpad, barebones so choose switches and keycaps to suit }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron q1 MAX V1 MAX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 untested }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron Lemokey P1 QMK 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested best option to customise switches and keycaps}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron LemoKey X1 X3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 untested keycap swap only not switches}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron K2HE
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested okay}} wireless hall effect analogue on all keys 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron K4HE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 untested hall effect but software }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron K5 K17 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 untested okay low profile but }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron Q5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron K10 HE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kiiboom Breeze 75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 good 75% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meletrix Boog 75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 magnetic hall effect, good but expensive and software poor}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Melgeek O2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 low profile 75% but not repairable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOSART 2.4G Wireless 60% Keyboard Trackball 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x062a
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x4105
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|dongle recognised HID, keys worked, roller worked, scroll wheel works and shoulders works but buttons around left, top and right hand side (RHS) do not work and plastic and 2 AA MN1500}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mucai SiGma Micro MKA610 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1c4f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0084
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| unknown red keys - rgb backlighting - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://hjldemo.clsc.cn/ Guangzhou Zhentian Electronics Ltd] Perixx Periboard 505 Plus with Trackball 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|okay dome keyboard - poor trackball}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Guangzhou Zhentian Electronics Co., Ltd Perixx Periboard 706 Plus with Trackball Wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|generally okay dome with good sized keys but piano black surround fingerprint magnet, occasional brief trackball freezes after no use, takes some time to get used to the trackball size}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Perixx Periboard-716 Wireless (Chicony)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;04f2:1013
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|okay dome keyboard and trackpad}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Perixx Periboard-
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Perixx Periboard-
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lenovo SK-8825 41A5327 SIL12-W07 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;works manufactured for 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lite-On USB NetVista Full Width Keyboard 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x04b3
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3025
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;works 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech K320 Wireless Keyboard 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|The Logitech USB Unifying, Bolt, Lightspeed, or Nano receiver pairing}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech K340 Wireless Keyboard 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|The Logitech Unifying Receiver pairing}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech K400
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.logitech.com/en-us/product/wireless-touch-keyboard-k400r Logitech Wireless Touch Keyboard k400]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt; 0x046D
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 0xC52B
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt; 1201
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{yes|All (including multimedia) keys work. Some keys requires remapping with Trident. Touchpad works and acts as normal mouse. Presents itself in Trident as USB Receiver from Logitech with 3 HID bindings}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech K400 Plus K400+ 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech K600 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech TK820 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech TK830 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G915 TKL
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard TKL means no number pad}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lofree Lite84 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lofree Flow Lite100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 silent switches and low profile keys}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MACHENIKE K500 Wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 94 keys untested Hot Swappable 94 Keys 90% Layout }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MechLands Vibe99 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 100 keys untested Gasket-mounted Wired/Bluetooth/2.4GHz Wireless Mechanical Keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Comfortable Curve 2000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no| recognized but not supported}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Natural Ergonomic Keyboard 4000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|recognized but not supported}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Wireless Media Desktop 1000 (1356)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045e
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x00f9 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|working but not mouse part}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Niz Micro84 Duo82 X87 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 electro capacitive }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;nuphy gem80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| expensive but good}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;nuphy kick 75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 low profile 75% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;nuphy Air75 V3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025  75% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;nuphy node 100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 96% layout, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Qpad MK-50 MK-80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Qpad MK-90 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Chroma 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1532
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0203
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://openrazer.github.io/ Razer] Lycosa 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Blackwidow 2013 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  Cherry MX Blue  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razr Blackwidow Ultimate 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  Cherry MX Blue  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Blackwidow V4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  Razer Orange keys }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Blackwidow V4 Low Profile 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  Razer  keys }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Blackwidow V4 Pro 75% 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  Razer  keys }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Cynosa Lite V2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;1532
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x023f
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer DeathStalker 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer HuntsMan 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Ornata 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Orbweaver Chroma Keypad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1532
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0207
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Tartarus Keypad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  not hall effect and very expensive}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Redragon K668 RGB Gaming Keyboard Wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 untested 108 Keys Mechanical Keyboard w/Extra 4 Hotkeys Upgraded Hot-swappable Socket，Red Switch}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Redragon K689 PRO Wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 untested Gasket RGB Gaming Keyboard, 108 Keys Mechanical Keyboard w/Extra 4 Hotkeys, Upgraded Hot-swappable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rii K22
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 keyboard trackpad combo, non replaceable lithium battery, very compact}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Risophy 60
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 75% mechanical, hotswap so okay for price untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Risophy 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Royal Kludge RK65 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested cream switches }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SINO WEALTH Gaming KB SkyLion K68 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x258a
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x003a
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| blue stalks with rgb lighting}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SKYLOONG GK104 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested gateron }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SteelSeries 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TeckNet x300 2.4G Keyboard Mouse MosART 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x062A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x4101
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0312 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|1 AAA for each and works well - mouse slightly better built than keyboard rubberised membrane}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TeckNet X331 HDE 2.4G Keyboard wireless RCMCU 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0C45
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7000
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0001
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|wireless can be glitchy but few extra keys are mapped }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TeckNet X500 2.4G Keyboard Mouse MOSArt 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x062A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2901
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0112 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|works well especially large touchpad - usual rubber domed membraned keyboard mechanism }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tecware Specter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested good 75%}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Unicomp Model M USB 104 key 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }} IBM's and later Lexmark buckling spring switches 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Varmilo Minilo Bluebell (prestige silent) and Eculapytus (violet tactile)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 75% plastic build no screws not great to mod}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Varmilo Sword 68 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| expensive but good}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Varmilo 98 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 expensive but good and Kailh silent}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Weikav Velocifire Choice65 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Weikav Velocifire Lucky65 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wobkey Rainy 75
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x320F 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x5055
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 good 75% but not as expensive CNC Aluminum HMX/JWK/Cocoa Switches}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wobkey Crush 80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x320F 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x5588 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wobkey Crush80 Reboot Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x320F 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 very good but expensive Aluminum Hotswap Wireless RGB}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wobkey Rainy 75 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x320F
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wooting HE60 HE80 HE90 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 hall effect but expensive with good software}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Womier WK61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2021 untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Womier Sk71 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Womier Sk75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Womier Sk75 TMR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025  hall effect }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xenta White Wireless HK6718B+HM3302--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|works with Raspberry Pi untested on AROS native}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xinmeng X87 MAGIC_REFINER 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 untested keycap swap but not hotswapable switches}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yunzii AL66 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| milk switches, cherry PBT, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yunzi B75 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 budget good with cocoa cream switches }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yunzii AL75 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|good budget option with  swappable switches,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yunzii AL80
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 switches }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yunzi C75 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 budget good with  switches }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}

&lt;pre&gt;
linear  - creamy
tactile - thocky
clicky  - clacky 
&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;pre &gt;
Cherry MX Black are linear switches (no feedback); good for gaming. 
Cherry MX Red are linear (less noise no click) but more squishy; 
Cherry MX Brown are in between Blue and Red in style and tactile; 
Cherry MX Clear switches have soft tactile feedback (with no click). 
Cherry MX Blue have tactile feedback with a click (noisy); good for typing. 

Gateron Yellows KS-3, KS-3x47 or better Pros have a milky top and black bottom and linear 

TTC Silent Frozen v2. Linear and dead silent 
Mouse the huano brown with yellow dot for silent mouse clicks
Kailh red dust proof encoder for smooth and close to silent scrolling
Boba U4 Silent Tactile switches
Husky linears

HMX 
&lt;/pre &gt;


=== Mouse ===

if the USB mouse is non-functional put a USB pendrive in before or add the following to user-startup in '''s''' drawer/folder/directory

 sys:prefs/trident NOGUI &gt; NIL:

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; | Brand
! width=&quot;20%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; | Model
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| 3Dconnexion 
| 3D Mouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;[http://www.3dconnexion.com/products/spacenavigator.html SpaceNavigator]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| 3Dconnexion 
| 3D Mouse
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;SpacePilot Pro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| 3Dconnexion 
| Mouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;SpaceExplorer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| 3Dconnexion 
| Wireless Mouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;SpaceMouse 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;3D Optical 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wired 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0000:3825
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Belkin
| Combo mouse
|
| 0x05FE
| 0x0011
| Low 0100
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Cytec
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wired Mouse Gaming 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;R.A.T 5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Dell
| Mouse
| MO56UC
| 0x413C
| 0x3200
|
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;equatech / clone logitech  
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;wireless mouse
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;49779 / M185 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt; 3151:2020 later 3151:3020 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{Yes|detected and works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Hama
| RF Optical Mouse
| AM-6000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Keychron 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;M3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Keychron 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;M5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Keycron 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical Wireless 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;M6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested 1k polling and 16k dpi }}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Keychron 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical Wireless 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;M7
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested barebones 1k polling and 16k dpi, great for small hands, loud clicks}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;LogiCAD 3D
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;3D Mouse
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Magellan 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech
| Cordless Desktop Navigator 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{No|The Logitech Unifying Receiver pairing}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech Inc.
| First/Pilot Wheel Mouse
| N48/M-BB48 M-BE58 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech
| Wireless mouse
| [http://www.logitech.com/en-roeu/mice_pointers/mice/devices/5484 M305]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech
| Wireless RF Mouse
| MK710
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{No|The Logitech Unifying Receiver pairing}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitach
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;G304
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 very clicky}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless Mouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;MX Master Anywhere 2S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{No|untested}} micro USB charge port on front 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;M220 silent touch MR0085
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2018 needs usb dongle - quiet clicking }}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech Logi 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;MX Master 3S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{No|2021 untested usb-c bluetooth, inbuilt battery but muted clicks}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitach
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;G502 X Plus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2022 very clicky}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;M240 silent touch MR0105  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|2022 no dongle as bluetooth enabled but could work with Logi Bolt USB Receiver - 1 aa battery - quiet clicking}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;MX Master 4 MXM
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Bluetooth usb-c dongle, inbuilt lithium battery}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Brand
| Description
| Model
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Maxxter 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;248a:8566
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Maxxter 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;248a:8518
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;OrzerHome Maxxter 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;248a:8514
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested 1 aa with no on/off switch }}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Microsoft
| Wheel Mouse optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Microsoft
| Sidewinder Mouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Microsoft
| IntelliMouse Explorer USB optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Microsoft
| Wireless Optical Mouse 2000
|
| 0x045E
| 0x00F9 
|
| {{no|not working see keyboard Media Desktop 2000 above}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Microsoft 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;1461 1447 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{No|usb dongle matched to one mouse only no others}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Orochi 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Mamba 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Naga
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}} 17 buttons 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB Optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Naga Hex V2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}} MOBA Gaming Mouse, Professional Grade 16,000 DPI Sensor - RGB lighting 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB optical 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;DeathAdder 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Viper 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Basilisk V3 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested 1k polling, 35k dpi, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Trust
| Slimline Lasermouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| SteelSeries 
| Tobii EyeX EyeMobile PCEye 
| Eye Tracking Control 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}} gaze interaction track technology for augment augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;The Eye Tribe Tracker 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Eye 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB Optical Mouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;MV3000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x192f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0916
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|}

=== Trackball ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;3Dconnexion SpaceBall 5000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}} Labtec designed and rolled into new company 3dconnexion 2001 by owners Logitech 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ACCO Kensington Orbit optical F1233A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kensington Turbo Mouse 64210
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Clearly Superior Technologies. Model:CST 1000-RC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Trackman Marble Mouse Wired USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Cordless Trackman Wheel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Optical Trackman T-RB22 - Cordless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech M570 wireless
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Trackball Mouse Optical 1.0 USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft X05-87473 Trackball USB Optical 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}


=== KVM ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NanoKVM 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}


=== Gamepad ===

Controllers have mostly decided that the left analog joystick is keyboard equivalent of WASD and right joystick is your mouse. You also have 2 bumpers above the triggers. Shoot could be right trigger (so it doesn't involve taking your thumb off the right joystick). Face buttons for reloading or jump or other non-critical functions. Crank up the sensitivity and practice. 

Testing can be done with the TRIDENT Prefs, [https://devicetests.com/controller-tester html5], [https://greggman.github.io/html5-gamepad-test/ html5], or [https://gamepad-tester.com/ Tester]


==== Dinput Poseidon Default Plugin - Playstation(TM) style ====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;35%&quot; |Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Merge with USB on Digital Pad
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Betop Betong Bat D2E BTP-BD2E XD4D2E
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gravis Eliminator Gamepad Pro USB  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;047d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;4005
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 2d only 
|-
| Hama Black Force USB Gamepad
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 psx clone look 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Jess Tech Game Elements Philips GGE909 PC Recoil Pad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TCbAmIhj6P4 Logitech Wingman Precision USB] G-UC3B 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{N/A| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 no 3D but good for 2D retro games like Turrican II
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Wingman Action Pad G-UB3A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe|untested }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 1 blue lucid translucent - thin analog stick N64 type - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Wingman RumblePad UB05B
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc20a
| 1.12
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 twin blue analogue sticks N64 type - poor 2d controls with single molded blue piece - vibration feedback - single shoulder buttons with throttle control below right one 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Wingman Cordless RumblePad G-RA4A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc211
| 1.12
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe|untested }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2001 twin blue analogue sticks N64 type - poor 2d controls with single molded black piece - vibration feedback - dual shoulder buttons L1 L2 R1 R2 with blue throttle control below right one - 4 aa mn1500 batteries; life not great - C-UD10A usb dongle - overall big and bulky 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Precision Wired G-UG15
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{N/A|N/A}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 psx styling blue outer shell - no 3D analog and no shoulder buttons - no rumble 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Cordless Precision G-X2E14A
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{N/A|N/A}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 ps2 styling blue outer shell - no 3D analog and no shoulder buttons - no rumble 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G-X5C11A Cordless Precision Wireless Controllers
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{N/A|N/A}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 psx styling black outer shell - no 3D analog and no shoulder buttons - no rumble 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.testfreaks.co.uk/game-console-accessories-controls/logitech-dual-actiontm-gamepad/ Logitech Dual Action] 
* G-UD8 has no mode (2D only?) button and no rumble 
* G-UF13A later 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0xc2
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes|[http://www.morphzone.org/modules/newbb_plus/viewtopic.php?topic_id=7018&amp;forum=12 G-UF13A tested only]}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 New body shape psx style - dual analog 3D sticks - 4 small travel shoulder triggers no 5,6,7,8 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech RumblePad 2 G-UF13
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc218
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.00
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 usb wired light blue top/black base - twin analogues 3D along with dual short travel shoulder buttons - rumble present - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech RumblePad 2 Cordless 
* G-RC?? OLD version that take FOUR batteries and RED Logitech logo 
* G-RC14 uses TWO batteries has an ORANGE logo - dongle C-UE10 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc219
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0200
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 wireless may have to remove 1 battery - G-RC?? 5 + 7 buttons - G-RC14 use buttons 6 + 8 to reset sticks - replace battery and push large button on receiver - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech F310 Wired Dual Action G-U0001 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc21
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes|D mode switch}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 best option for old usb wired style dual analog 3D with pc-xbox/psx switch on back (only D works) - both rear shoulder RT LT buttons have excess travel - no rumble vibration - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech F510 Wired G-UG0002 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc21
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 dual analog with dual xbox pc/psx X/D switched compatibility modes - 
|-
| Logitech F710 Wireless / Cordless RumblePad 2 G-R0001 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc219
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;3.05
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe|Mouse only not joypad}} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 When switch on top set to D and nano receiver for each controller to pair - 2 aa mn1500 batteries required - rumble support sometimes - rear back shoulder buttons excessive travel needed - does have rubber backing that becomes sticky - 
|- 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Megaworld 'TIME' USB pad
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0735
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x9902
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;Low 0100
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No |}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 Poor quality
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft 
* SideWinder Precision Pro USB (1997)
* SideWinder Precision 2 (1998)
* Game Pad Pro (1999)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Sidewinder Game Pad USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; possible setup first 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Sidewinder Gamepad X04 Freestyle 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{N/A}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} 1998 might need USB adapter 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Sidewinder X05 63895 92626 Flight stick
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{unk| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|2000 [https://ae.amigalife.org/index.php?topic=929.msg11309#new tested]}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Sidewinder Flight Stick X08-58736 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft 
    Plug &amp; Play Game Pad (2000)
    SideWinder Joystick (2000)
    Game Pad 2.0 (2001)
    SideWinder Force Feedback 2 (2002)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 long-standing static buildup problem and Force Feedback 2 was the removal of the power brick 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| Saitek [http://www.testfreaks.co.uk/game-console-accessories-controls/saitek-ps1000/ PS1000 Cyborg V.1], [http://www.testfreaks.co.uk/game-console-accessories-controls/saitek-ps2700-rumble-pad/ PS2700] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 no rumble function 
|- 
| Saitek [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xG0v-hf6ZPA P2600] [http://compactiongames.about.com/od/hardware/tp/gamepads.htm P3600], 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 no rumble function
|- 
| Saitek P2900 wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 runs on 1 AA battery
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Batoh PS3 mini USB Wired hookup [http://ps3.jim.sh/sixaxis/usb/ SIXAXIS] 
*PCB  Ribbon      Notes
*Protos ALPS MSU Rev3 M3 and the later CBEH-1019
*?    SA1Q135A 	  for sixaxis
*PP4  
*V2   
*V25  
*VX   SA1Q146A    first dualshock 3 model
*VX   SA1Q147A    CECHZC2U (USA)
*VX35 SA1Q159A 	  
*VX3  SA1Q160A 	  
*VX?  SA1Q188A    
*VX4  SA1Q189A    shipped with a CECH-2504 datecode 0C 
*VX5  SA1Q194A    changed design ALPS, PS button changes
*VX6  SA1Q195A    red case, 
*VX7  SA1Q222A    superslims 2 ribbons
*VX8  SA1Q224A    superslims 2 ribbons 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x054c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0268
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.00 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Sometimes detected but no support - no sixaxis features detected - mini usb lead will have varying results - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PS4 
*JDM JDS 001 010 011 
*JDM 030 040 055 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PS5 Dual Sense 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Speed Link Strike 2 FX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster Firestorm Dual Power 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes|[http://www.morphzone.org/modules/newbb_plus/viewtopic.php?topic_id=7018&amp;forum=12 only 1 axis joystick only]}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust Predator GM-1500 GM-1520
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Haute42 M series Aluminum Metal Joystick Hitbox Controller Arcade Fighting Stick
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Haute42 T series 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Haute42 G series Gamefinger G12 G13 G16 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; plastic - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Haute42 S series 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  thinner and lighter than G series 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mad Catz sf2 fightstick 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash Datel Paewang Arcade Pro Stick 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash F300 Fighting Stick 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash F500 Fighting Stick 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pico Flatbox GP2040-CE Hot Swappable Mini Hitbox Keyboard 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  default it is configured for PS4 but before plugging usbc cable in, X for Dinput, B Xinput, RT HID - plastic build case - Rev4 based on RP2040 chip and firmware is based on GP2040-CE (Community Edition) - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Shenzhen Onebitdo Tech 8bitdo Fighting stick 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Venom 8 button 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
|}


==== Xinput Xbox Style Plugin ====

2018 extension added originally called AROSx but later redacted. Latest [https://github.com/medusalix/xone linux driver] might be useful. 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;35%&quot; |Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Merge with USB on Digital Pad
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8bitdo Ultimate C Wired 82CB (Shenzhen ONEBITDO TECH - GWOWO) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2dc8 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3106 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 - 4 t6 torx screws - non hall effect so drifting issues - triggers go faulty often - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8bitdo Ultimate 2C Wired Controller 82CD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2dc8 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x310A
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0114
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 - HID keyboard assigned - 4 t6 torx screws - hall effect analogs and triggers  - 1000Hz polling - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8bitdo Ultimate 2C wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024  - 400mw battery - hall effect 3d nubs and triggers - micro switch shoulder buttons - d-pad poor for retro games - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8bitdo ULtimate Mini Wired Controller for Xbox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8BitDo Pro 2 
*Wired Controller 
*Wireless
*Bluetooth
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect - playstation style layout for pc - slide button for S-A-D-X switch, android, dinput or xinput -  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8BitDo Pro 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025  tmr hall effect analogs, hall effect triggers and some microswitches - button swap - ps2 style layout - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8bitdo Ultimate 3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2026  - mw battery - hall effect 3d nubs and triggers - micro switch shoulder buttons - d-pad  for retro games - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8BitDo Pro 3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2026  hall effect analogs, hall effect triggers and some microswitches - button swap - ps2 style layout - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ace Aurora 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 hall effect joysticks with no deadzone mode, gyro, linear rumble, trigger stops, back paddles, button swap, macro, turbo, RGB LED effects -  tri-mode connection - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Betop Beitong Spartan BTP-2270U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  no hall effect 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Betop Betong Asura 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  no hall effect - noble linear trigger potentiometer and alps shoulder LB/RB micro switch 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BEITONG ASURA 2 Pro+ Game Controller Wireless Gamepad
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Beitong Zeus 2  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BebonCool Dinofire Model Number: Q218 / TP28
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021  - triggers aren't progressive but ON/OFF - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX X05 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect analog and triggers - tri mode connection - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX Wireless Controller PC PS3, 9013pro ESM-9013PRO
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 linear hall effect but device sometimes will not connect tried multiple attempts with the dongle
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX X10 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX X20 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 ABXY MICRO SWITCH - Bumpers Tactile switch Hall Effect analog 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX X15 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 hall effect analog and triggers - membrane buttons - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX S10 Wireless Gamepad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 TMR Hall effect and compatible with Switch 2/PC/Phone/TV/Steam, NFC, Gyro, HD Rumble - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;202
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fantech World EOS Pro WGP15 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect trigger and sticks,2 back paddles, motion controlling 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fantech EOS PRO II S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 controller with TMR hall effect analogues, mechanical face buttons and D-pad, 63 input macro, back paddles, turbo - analog triggers with trigger stops - tri mode bt wifi and wired - slide switch on back for switch, macos/android and xinput - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Apex 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023  luxury model 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Vader Pro 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 the Pro(Hall Effects) and Non-Pro (No Hall) 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Direwolf 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 hall effect sticks and triggers - poor wifi connection - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Apex 4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024  luxury model 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Vader 4 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 - hall effect, DInput mode (o+A hold) - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Direwolf 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect analog and triggers but membrane buttons with gold contacts - 800mhA battery - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Dunefox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 basic model hall effect analog and triggers but membrane buttons - 500mha battery - no gyros - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Vader 5 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 - hall effect stick with tension control, linear triggers, DInput mode (o+A hold) - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gamesir T4K Keleid, T4C Cyclone wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 poor to ok switch 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gamesir Nova 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no|| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 - switch type layout 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Guangzhou Chicken Run Network Tech Nova Lite GameSir-T4n LITE - Zikway HID gamepad
*[https://www.reddit.com/r/Gamesir/comments/1c185ve/psa_keep_gamesir_nova_lite_t4n_lite_firmware_at/ fw 4200 seems to be xbox so B then Home for Xinput (green LED), A then Home for HID BT Android (green/yellow LED), Y then Home for Switch Pro (Red LED)] or X then Home for Wifi and start and select to alternatively swap modes 
* and if on [https://www.reddit.com/r/Gamesir/comments/1c185ve/psa_keep_gamesir_nova_lite_t4n_lite_firmware_at/ fw 5700 ds4 so Home + B (blue LED), ]
* firmware 6900 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x3537
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1040 0x1041
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 - hall effect 3d nubs - no usb-c cable - rubber membrane analog trigger travel and bumpers shoulder buttons - wifi 2.4G and bluetooth - xbox layout so ab and xy might need to be swapped via m and a buttons for switch type [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=po-nNuC5fps fixes video] - 250Hz polling - 600mah battery - rigid carry case - poor d-pad esp diagonals - gamesir settings software only on android 6+ or ios based only - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gamesir Nova 2 Lite  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir G7 SE Wired Controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir G8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gamesir TEGENARIA T3 Lite Wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 playstation aesthetic hall effect analog and membrane buttons - X+Home button connects as an Xbox controller
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir Cyclone 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 TMR Joysticks with anti-friction rings and metal anti-friction rings around the stems, gyro, rumble, macro, turbo, 2 back paddles, hall analog triggers with micro-switch trigger - tri mode bluetooth, 2.4GHz wifi and wired, 1000hz polling rate - gamesir connect software - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir G7 Pro for Xbox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 TMR hall effect - hall effect triggers, tri mode connection - gamesir nexus software - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir Super Nova Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2026 hall effect sticks and triggers, 1000Hz polling, tri mode connectivity, 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GuliKit 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GuliKit KingKong 2 NS08 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Electromagnetic Stick hall effect - hall linear triggers - Mechanical face buttons - wired and wireless - Built-in rechargeable lithium battery 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GuliKit KingKong 2 PRO NS09
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;hall efect - wired and wireless - Mechanical face buttons - Built-in rechargeable lithium battery 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GuliKit KingKong MAX 3 KK3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;hall effect - wired and wireless - lithium battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gulikit KK3 Max USB-c Bluetooth Controller
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 Hall Joysticks and Triggers, Maglev/Rotor/HD Vibration, 1000Hz Polling Rate, 4 Back Buttons,  
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GuliKit KK3 PRO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 smaller version of KK3 MAX - hall effect analog and triggers, face buttons , maglev rumble, gyro, 4 back paddles - rigid case - 950mAh up to 8 hrs - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GuliKit 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hyperkin 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hori EX2 Turbo UHX3-45 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Machenike G1 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 Wireless Gaming Controller with 1K Polling Rate Hall Effect Trigger Joystick For Nintendo Switch PC iOS Android 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Machenike G5 Pro Wireless Gaming Controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 ABXY Switch Membrane, Bumpers Tactile switch and hall effect analog 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;microsoft sidewinder precision pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| [https://pineight.com/mw/index.php?title=USB_game_controllers Xbox 360 Wired Controller]
| 0x045e
| 0x028e
| 0x
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|needs specific driver and has poor 2D control pad}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| Microsoft (R) [https://blog.tkjelectronics.dk/2012/12/xbox-360-receiver-added-to-the-usb-host-library/ Xbox 360] (TM) Wireless Receiver for Windows(R) Model 1086 and Controller 
| 0x045e 
| 0x0719, 0x or 0x0291
| 0x0100
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|separate standalone usb dongle detected and shows as 8 vendor interfaces but no class associated and so not working - may need new class from code from xpad or xboxdrv to work the controllor}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xbox 360 Kinect [http://hackaday.com/2010/11/10/kinect-open-source-driver-demo-and-hacking/ Video] 
[http://git.marcansoft.com/?p=libfreenect.git;a=commit;h=7655fcf7239ba4907654089dba535a196685dbe5 GIT]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007  proprietary 2.4GHz RF protocol, 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xbox One Wired Controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xbox One wireless controller newer model with the 3.5mm headphone jack 1537 1697 and microsoft adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x02d1 or 0x02dd
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Elite Series 1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x02e3
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 ok - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xbox later models 1708+ Xbox One and Series use 5GHz and use Bluetooth, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x02e0
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xbox One S
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x02ea 0x02fd
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Elite Series 2 Core 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x02ff
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 ok - no hall - 125Hz polling - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Minisform MGP01 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOBAPAD N1HD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 has liquid silicone face buttons, hall effect analog, D-Pad swap, two back paddles, USB-A dongle, HD Rumble - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mobapad Huben 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mobapad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BIGBIG WON Gale 墨将 mòjiāng 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BIGBIG WON Blitz PRO 2 TMR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BIGBIG WON now MOJHON AETHER 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 hall effect joysticks, hall effect triggers, mechanical bumpers, 1000hz polling rate, mechanical D-pad, membrane face buttons, mechanical back paddles, rumble, deadzone issues - tri mode 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MSI FORCE GC20 GC30 V2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 not hall effect 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MSI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mytrix Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NACON GC-100XF Controller
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 average 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PXN P5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect joysticks &amp; triggers, limited trigger stops, 1000hz polling rate on wired, 4 back paddles, 32 macro record, anti-deadzone mode, RAW mode, gyro, turbo, tri-mode connection - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PXN P50L 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PowerA 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;QRD Stellar T5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;QRD Junior E5 Mini 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;QRD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Wolverine V3 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024  hall 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RetroFlag 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Speedlink XEOX Pro Analog Wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;enclosed lithium battery? - xbox layout - switchable on back of controller to directinput (dinput) or xinput - USB dongle switchable to pc and ps3 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SCUF Instinct Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 good 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SCUF Envision Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 good 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steel Series Stratus Duo XL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;usb adapter needed 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://inputlabs.io/Inputlabs InputLabs Alpakka Open Source and build yourself] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;DIY it with 3d printer, pcb and components  - pi pico needed - 2 gyros for better accuracy - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://inputlabs.io/kapybara Inputlabs kapybara] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;DIY one handed version wip 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Vilcorn Z03 BT Wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 - other Bluetooth modes (green, red, blue, purple, etc.) Select + M1 (or M2) - 400mAh - not great latency wired - 800mhz polling -  
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;zd ultimate legend 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;zd 0+ elite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;zd 0+excellent
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
|}

&lt;pre&gt;
#ifndef AROSX_LIBRARY_H
#define AROSX_LIBRARY_H

#include &lt;exec/types.h&gt;

#define AROSX_CONTROLLER_TYPE_UNKNOWN  0x00
#define AROSX_CONTROLLER_TYPE_GAMEPAD  0x01

#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_DPAD_UP          0x0001
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_DPAD_DOWN        0x0002
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_DPAD_LEFT        0x0004
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_DPAD_RIGHT       0x0008
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_START            0x0010
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_BACK             0x0020
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_LEFT_THUMB       0x0040
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_RIGHT_THUMB      0x0080
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_LEFT_SHOULDER    0x0100
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_RIGHT_SHOULDER   0x0200
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_A                0x1000
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_B                0x2000
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_X                0x4000
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_Y                0x8000

struct AROSX_GAMEPAD {
    ULONG   Timestamp;
    UWORD   Buttons;
    UBYTE   LeftTrigger;
    UBYTE   RightTrigger;
    WORD    ThumbLX;
    WORD    ThumbLY;
    WORD    ThumbRX;
    WORD    ThumbRY;
};

#define AROSX_EHMB_CONNECT    0x00
#define AROSX_EHMB_DISCONNECT 0x01
#define AROSX_EHMF_CONNECT    (1L&lt;&lt;AROSX_EHMB_CONNECT)
#define AROSX_EHMF_DISCONNECT (1L&lt;&lt;AROSX_EHMB_DISCONNECT)

struct AROSX_EventHook {
    struct Node         eh_Node;
    struct MsgPort     *eh_MsgPort;
    ULONG               eh_MsgMask;
};

struct AROSX_EventNote {
    struct Message      en_Msg;
    ULONG               en_Event;
    APTR                en_Param1;
    APTR                en_Param2;
};

#endif /* AROSX_LIBRARY_H */
&lt;/pre&gt;


=== Joystick ===

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Merge with USB on Digital Pad
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CH Products CombatStick 568 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cyborg X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Extreme 3D
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| [Logitech Attack 3 Joystick] 
| 0x0464
| 0xC214
| 0205
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;saitek X-52 x52 pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;saitek aviator 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Speedlink Competition Pro USB 
| 
|
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| {{maybe|works but games not working &quot;out of the box&quot;}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust Predator QZ 501
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust Predator TH 400
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust Predator GM-2500 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust XK 100
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}

===[https://github.com/JacKeTUs/linux-steering-wheels Gaming Racing Steering Wheels]=== 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;25%&quot; |Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Merge with USB on Digital Pad
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
! width=&quot;40%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  [https://www.usb.org/sites/default/files/documents/pid1_01.pdf USB PID standard not supported], 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cammus C5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fanatec CSL Elite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;PS4 and Xbox - belt driven wheel - 30cm wheel swapping 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fanatec Club Sport 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; top belt $600 £500 system 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FFBeast 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Genius TRIO RACER F1 Racing Wheel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Cheap and cheerful but not great - may need calibrating 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hama PC Racing Wheel Thunder V18 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Average 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hori Racing Wheel 3 with pedals 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;PS3 PC 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logic3 PXU450 TopDrive GT450 Steering Wheel for PS3, PS4, XBox One and PC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech MOMO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Very good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Driving Force GT 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Drive Force Pro DFP 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; wheel 900 degree - weighs in at 15&amp;nbsp;lbs
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Formula Force EX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;200 degrees turn for the EX model is arcade-like driving - adds PS3 compatibility via the PSx/2 adaptor - weighs in at 9&amp;nbsp;lbs
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G25 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;   - needs external psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G27 PC/PS3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; comes with gear shifter - needs external psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G29 PC PS3/PS4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  may need additional shifter - gear 900deg wheel / rumble - 3 peddle - needs external psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G920 PC XboxOne 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  may need additional shifter - gear 900deg wheel / rumble - 3 peddle - needs external psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G923 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft(R) SideWinder Precision Racing Wheel (1999)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Moza R3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x346E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Moza R5
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x346E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Moza R9
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x346E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Moza R12
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x346E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/Ultrawipf/OpenFFBoard OpenFFBoard], 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PXN V10 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PXN V12 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PXN V12 Lite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Simagic M10 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; base direct drive $900 £800 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Simplicity Simwheel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; direct 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Simucube 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Simucube 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Simucube 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Simxperience Accuforce V2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SPEEDLINK Drift O.Z. Racing Wheel with Pedals and Gear Stick 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SteelSeries Simraceway SRW-S1 Steering Wheel (PC) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster Nascar Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster Ferrari Challenge Wheel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; Poor  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster Ferrari FGT Rumble GT Experience 3-in-1 (PC/PS3)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;b658
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0102
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes|Wheel and all buttons detected}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Not great - gear driven 240deg wheel rotation - no psu needed - 2 peddle - flappy gear change - rumble untested - red switch for PC PS3 selection 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster F430 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster T500 RS Wheel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; belt driven wheel/rumble for GT5 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster T60 Challenge 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster T150 Wheel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  gear / belt combo wheel / rumble - 2 peddle 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster TMX Pro PC/XboxOne
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; direct drive rumble - no manual gear shift included 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster T80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Base level and OK - PS4 - 270deg rumble - 2 peddle 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster T300 RS GT 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;PS3 PS4 - belt driven - 900deg rotation and modular 28cm wheel out - 2 peddles but 3 available 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster TX Leather 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;TX Xbox version - 900deg rotation 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustermaster TS PC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;PC only belt wheel 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; TS XW Racer PC Xbox1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; top belt system 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster T-GT 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;PS4 $700 £600 with T-DFB 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tracer Zonda Racing Steering Wheel PC PS3 Vibration Feedback Pedals Gearbox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


===Gamepad Joypad Adapters===

* Most adapters will work in most OS's without installing a driver. Special functions needing drivers will be noted. 
* Some adapters do not work with some [http://www.stepmania.com/wiki/Dance_Pads dance pads] because of voltage issues. Other adapters map the dancemat arrows as axes and not as buttons, causing problems.
* If using an adapters should be compatible with '''original''' PlayStation PS/Xbox Xbox/GameCube GC /Dreamcast DC/Sega Saturn SS gamepads. 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;35%&quot; |Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Merge with USB on Digital Pad
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.maplin.co.uk/psx-usb-bridge-34887?tabid=3&amp;worldid=&amp;doy=21m9&amp;faqitem=playstation%20controller%20to%20pc%20adaptor Maplin] [http://www.rockfire.com.tw/ Padix Co. Ltd. Rockfire] PX-205 PSX/USB Bridge 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0583 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2050
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes}} but buttons mapped different from others 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe|poor}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Ok with dpads, but very poor support with analogue hack 
|-
| Boom PS Joy Converter adaptor 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| discontinued (2004/5). Hold Up, Start, and Select for three seconds. Very good [http://www.stepmania.com stepmania] recommendation. 
|-
| [http://www.hkems.com/m_main.htm EMS] [http://www.hkems.com/product/ps2/ps2-usb2.htm USB2] grey plastic box with 2 PSX ports, one on either side - UP and Select pressed for 3 seconds at the same time or the dance code (start+select+up) 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes|Tests/joystick shows the PS port works in digital mode on d-pad}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| Set in PC switch mode. Does not work when using 2 pads at the same time, likely higher power requirements. FPSE emu DualShock untested, Mat and Guitar untested but known lag involved 
|-
| Joytech (play.com) (EMS USB2 bad clone) Black box twin PSX
| 0x0b43
| 0x0003
| 0x0
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No|buggy hardware}} 
| but poor on dance ddr mat and guitar hero as the left and right keys do not like being pressed together, Dual shock untested 
|-
| [ EMS Trio Linker ] 1 PSone connection at bottom
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 1PSX discontinued 2005 
|-
| [http://psxemulator.proboards.com/index.cgi?board=support&amp;action=display&amp;thread=421 EMS Trio Linker Plus] (blue box) 1 PSx at bottom
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 1PSX discontinued 
|-
| Gamtec [http://www.gamestone.co.uk/gradius/guides_usb_smartjoy_guide.php SmartJoy Plus] Lik Sang PS-&gt;USB converter Red 2005 
| 0x0925
| 0x0005
| Low 0110
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe|detected and digital dpad works with [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?topic_id=4138&amp;forum=2&amp;post_id=35952#forumpost35952 joystick and testjoystick tests] but  the second analog control is not mapping correctly in digital mode}} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No|Analogue Hack - hardware buggy not useable}} 
| Dual shock untested, Mat and Guitar untested. Nothing picked up upon plugging it in. Quite common, these items have grounding issues or feed voltage back into the USB host and freeze the host controller, preventing any plugins or removals being detected. 
|-
| Gamtec SmartJoy Plus Dual PS-&gt;USB converter Red 
| 0x0925
| 0x00
| Low 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No|buggy hardware}}
| 
|-
| [http://uk.gear.ign.com/articles/700/700334p1.html Lik-Sang Super SmartJoy PSX] 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 1PSX 
|-
| Soyo Kiki Kiky 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 
|-
| eXcel PSX adaptor shaped a little like a stealth bomber with USB pass through 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 
|-
| Venom 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 
|-
| Dragon Plus (Radio Shack) Pantherlord GreenAsia USB to PS2/PS3 converter single black cable
| 0x0e8f
| 0x03
| 1.07
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| 
|-
| Deal Extreme 2 PSX black cables from 1 USB port
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HDE 2014 Personal Communication Systems Inc 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0810
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0001
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0106
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Same as single cable above but with black block midway along cable 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TigerGame Ltd Mayflash PC001 Super Joy Box 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| TigerGame Ltd Mayflash PC016 Super Joy Box arrowhead triangle twin PSX] Original was lack with RED Leds. Clones Dilong pu203, Blue HDE Neewer ShineData SD-APS2USB, Red Octane and Black PC Power Box (NS3454) '''embossed circle''' on top 
| 0x0810
| 0x0001
| 1.06
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes|Tests/joystick shows one PS port does not work with analog control at all but the other port does and maps correctly in digital mode}} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes|Analogue hack works }}
| Still available 2013, poor construction though, falls to pieces easily. Dual Shock untested, Mat and Guitar untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TigerGame Ltd [http://www.mayflash.com/pc/pc038/pc038-1.htm Mayflash PC038 Super Joy Box Pro triangle twin PSX] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| TigerGame Limited Mayflash SuperJoy Box 5 PC006 long V-shaped 4 port PS/PS2 Game Controller Adapter  
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TigerGame Limited Mayflash SuperJoy Box 5 PRO PC039 PS/PS2 Game Controller Adapter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion 
|- 
| Boom PSX+N64 USB converter (purple or blue see through box) (2003/4) - red led for psx and green led for n64
| 0x6666
| 0x0667
| 0x0
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|not detected by Tests/joystick}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No|Analogue hack }}
| Rumble Pak untested
|-
| [http://www.hkems.com/product/ps2/TrioLinkerPlus2.htm EMS Trio Linker Plus II] 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?topic_id=4753&amp;forum=24&amp;post_id=43102#forumpost43102 ]
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 1DC 1GC 1PSX but not for ddr mat games 
|-
| TigerGame Mayflash PC043 clone HuiJia Black twin N64 converter for PC USB 
| 0x0e8f
| 0x3013
| 0x0
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|detected by Tests/joystick though two digital pads have their settings wrong}} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes|Analogue hack works well with middle handle/grip little joystick}}
| Rumble Pack untested 
|-
| TigerGame Mayflash PC MagicBox SuperBox 3 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| untested 1SS 1DC 1PSX }
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lik Sang SmartJoy X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045e
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0285
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SmartJoy X2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045e
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0289
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| TigerGame Mayflash PC018 Super Joy Box 9 Xbox (NOT 360) 
| 0x05e3
| 0x060
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|shows up as a Genesys Logic Hub}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| does not work. Hub(s) 0x0288 detected but 0x0289 xbox1 joypads are not detected as hid let alone as [http://www.amiga.org/forums/archive/index.php/t-62940.html xpad] or [http://pingus.seul.org/~grumbel/xboxdrv/ linux xboxdrv driver] 
|-
| TigerGame Mayflash PC019 Super Joy Box 10 Xbox Twin ports (NOT 360) 
| 0x05e3
| 0x060
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|shows up as a Genesys Logic Hub}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| does not work with the big Fatty Duke or smaller S Akebono controller(s) 
|-
| TigerGame Ltd Mayflash PC020 Super Joy Box 11 Xbox Quad ports (NOT 360) 
| 0x05e3
| 0x0604
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|shows up as a Genesys Logic Hub}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TigerGame Ltd Mayflash PC035 3 in 1 Magic Joy box PS GC Xbox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB to NES [http://wiki.nesdev.com/w/index.php/Standard_controller SPI like protocol] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Buffalo Classic USB Pad SNES like 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash PC044 USB to SNES 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB to MEGADRIVE GENESIS Joypad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.retrousb.com/product_info.php?cPath=21&amp;products_id=70 USB to 9 pin ATARI RETROPORT style JOYSTICK PORT] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Atari RetroLink 9pin to SB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SLS Sega Saturn USB pad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash PC050 Dual Saturn ports 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Guitar Hero for PC/Mac 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1430
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x474C
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cronus Max 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BrookX One 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash Gamecube to USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash Magic NS 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; WiiU 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Brook Converter WiiU P3 P4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CooV Xbox One Converter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


* [http://www.bemanistyle.com/forum/f6/best-metal-pad-19066/ Metal dance pads with LEDs] - My My Box Blue Shark (Nexen), Cobalt Flux (CF) (Let's Groove), Red Octane Afterburner, TX-2000, Logic3 (Dance Dance Dance), Gamerose (Stay Cool), 
* Hard foam mat - [http://www.mayflash.eu/3in1-deluxe-dansmat-ignition-foam-ps2xboxpc-p-5.html Mayflash] FutureMax Deluxe 3 in 1 Ignition, [http://www.gamerose.com/ Gamerose] (Stay Cool), TrinPad orange, 
* Soft foam mat - Logic3 (PS420N), [http://www.positivegaming.com/index.php?id=36 Positive Gaming Impact],  Gamerose Miss Daisys Naki (Stay Cool), Pelican, MadCatz

*PS1 PS2 PS3 PS4 flex ribbon big source of button/trigger issues with all controllers 
*PS2 Phat KSA1Q40A (Board), SA1Q33A (Membrane) SCHP-10010 H 
*PS2 SA1Q42A SCHP-10010 A 
*PS2 SA1Q43-A SCHP-10010 H


The primary axes are either the Control Pad or the left stick. Buttons come in a rough order: face buttons, then shoulder buttons, then Select and Start, then buttons under sticks, and finally Control Pad directions if not assigned to a hat. But the order and number of buttons within a category are unpredictable, as is which button the user expects to use for each action.

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; | Joypad 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | HATS 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 01
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 02
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 03
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 04
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 05
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 06
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 07
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 08
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 09
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 10
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 11
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 12
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 13
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 14
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Axes 1 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Axes 2 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Axes 3 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Axes 4 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Axes 5 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Axes 6 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; | Comment 
|-
| [https://pineight.com/mw/index.php?title=USB_game_controllers Xbox 360 Wired Controller]
| 
| A (down-green) 
| B (right-red) 
| X (left-blue) 
| Y (up-yellow) 
| LB (white) 
| RB (black) 
| Back
| Start
| Guide 
| L3
| R3
| 
| 
| 
| Left X 
| Left Y
| LT
| Right X
| Right Y 
| RT 
| Poor 2D, Good 3D 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gravis GamePad / Original PlayStation Controller 
| &lt;!--HATS DPAD--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Button 01--&gt;Red (Sqleft)
| Yellow X (X down)
| Green O (O right)
| Blue (Tri up)
| L1
| R1
| L2
| R2
| Select
| &lt;!--Button 10--&gt;Start
| 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Axes 1--&gt;Stick X
| Stick Y
| 
| 
|  
|  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; PlayStation 2 Older Adapters 
| &lt;!--HATS DPAD--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Button 01--&gt;Blue X (down) 
| Red O (right) 
| Pink Sq (left) 
| Green Tri (up) 
| L1
| R1
| L2
| R2
| Select
| &lt;!--Button 10--&gt;Start 
| Stick 1
| Stick 2
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Axes 1--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
|  
|  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; PlayStation 2 Newer Adapters 
| &lt;!--HATS DPAD--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Button 01--&gt;Up
| Right
| Down
| Left
| L2
| R2
| L1
| R1
| Select
| &lt;!--Button 10--&gt;Start
| Stick 1 (analogue Hack) 
| Stick 2 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Axes 1--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
|  
|  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; Wish Technologies N64 Adaptoid 
| &lt;!--HATS DPAD--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Button 01--&gt; A
| C Down
| C Right
| B
| C Left
| C Up
| L
| R
| Start
| &lt;!--Button 10--&gt;Z
| Pad Up
| Pad Down 
| Pad Left
| Pad Right 
| &lt;!--Axes 1--&gt;Stick X
| Stick Y 
| 
| 
|  
|  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; 
| &lt;!--HATS DPAD--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Button 01--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Button 10--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Axes 1--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
|  
|  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; 
| &lt;!--HATS DPAD--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Button 01--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Button 10--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Axes 1--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
|  
|  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
|}

Just plug in your digital/analogue joystick or gamepad into USB port. The device will be handled by Poseidon USB stack. Poseidon is the USB stack with Trident adding a GUI (graphical user interface) prefs. 


the context sensitive page would come up right on pressing the help key inside the relevant window. The manual is in this archive, just in case it isn't in SYS:Locale/Help  


*How to change joystick mode to analogue?

By default a connected USB joystick emulates Amiga digital joystick. To change this behaviour so that the joystick is presented as analogue you need to use Trident preferences application (System:Prefs/Trident).

Open Trident and go to Devices on the left hand side (mouse click once on it). Select your controller from the list to the right and then click on Settings button below. This will open a new window. On the &quot;General&quot; tab find the &quot;Lowlevel Library Joypad Emulation&quot; section near the bottom. Find ports which are set to &quot;Merge with USB&quot; or &quot;Override with USB&quot; and change them to &quot;Analogue Hack&quot;. 

Please note that analogue joystick support is an extension of original Amiga functionality, thus an Amiga application must be explicitly written to use it. AROS SDL library uses this functionality, thus all SDL applications that use joystick, can use the analogue joystick feature.

The HID class has several options how to handle the input data: 

* Don't touch: The movement and button data for is not modified by the hid class. This is the default for the ports 0, 2, and 3. 

* Overwrite with USB: This will kill the  original  data  that  might  had  come  from  the internal  ports  and  overwrites it with the joypad data for this USB interface. Note well: If you have multiple  joypads  connected,  take care  which setting you have selected for each port, because only the last interface with this option will actually send the joypad data to the game. 

* Merge with USB: This option merges the input data of the  lowlevel.library  with  the USB  stream. This only works, if the connected device on the original Amiga  ports  is  NOT  a  mouse  (because  then   the   streams   are incompatible).  Merging  should  be  the preferred method, because it leaves the original joysticks working. 

* Disable: Turns off the port for the application.

* Analogue Hack: Tells Poseidon to force reporting  of  analogue  data  at  the  port. Please  note  that  this only works with programs that understand the analogue  data,  because  it's   an   extension   to   the   original lowlevel.library   standard   made  by  Commodore.  If  you  want  to incorporate this feature in your software, just contact me and I will send you the necessary information. 

* Rumble Port: As addition to the analogue data, the HID class  supports  applications and  games  that want to utilize a rumble pack or force feedback motors in the gamepads. This field selects to  which  lowlevel  port  the  hid device responds, when attempting to use the rumble pack. Normally, this corresponds to the port that has  been  set  in  the  actions  for  the joypad.


*How to change joystick port assignment?

The low  level  library  supports up to four ports. Port 0 is usually used by the mouse, port 1 is the standard port for joysticks/joypads. By default a connected USB joystick is present in Port 1. To change its location to Port 0 you need to use Trident preferences. 

Open Trident and go to Devices window. Select your controller from the list and then click on Settings button. This will open a new window. On the &quot;General&quot; tab find the &quot;Lowlevel Library Joypad Emulation&quot; section. Port 1 should be set as either &quot;Merge with USB&quot; or &quot;Override with USB&quot;. Change this setting to &quot;Don't touch&quot;. Change Port 0 setting to &quot;Merge with USB&quot;.

Go to &quot;Actions&quot; tab. In the &quot;Reports and collection&quot; select first entry named &quot;Joystick&quot;. in the &quot;Usage items&quot; select &quot;X axis&quot;. Go to &quot;Performed actions&quot; area. On the left there will be a list of triggers. Each of them should have (port1) in their params. Click on the first trigger and using buttons to the right of the list change port1 into port 0. Repeat this for all triggers and for all items on &quot;Usage items&quot; list.


*How to make joystick simulate keyboard keys?

With Poseidon it is possible to make the joystick simulate the keyboard pressings. This might enable using joystick for playing games which only have keyboard support. This feature is configured in Trident preferences.

Open Trident and go to Devices window. Select your controller from the list and then click on Settings button. This will open a new window. Go to &quot;Actions&quot; tab. On the right top window select X axis. On the left bottom list select an entry &quot;Digital Joystick, Push left(port 1)&quot;. On the panel to the right change &quot;Digital joystick&quot; into &quot;Raw Key&quot;. A list of keys will be displayed. Select key you wish to send. Repeat the same procedure for &quot;Digital Joystick, Release left (port 1)&quot; option but this time check &quot;Send key up even instead of key down&quot;. Open shell and move your joystick to the left - your selected letter should appear in the shell. 


*Analogue in Trident Prefs
* Open the Trident USB Prefs -&gt; Devices -&gt; Select your joypad -&gt; Settings button -&gt; Action TAB 
* See some &quot;axis&quot; listed under &quot;Usage items&quot; in the top right of the window. They are your analog stick(s) 
* Check [x] Track Incoming Events which is half way down the window on the left 
And you should see some axis activity in &quot;Usage items&quot; when you move the analog stick 


*Actions

HID class item -&gt; Settings -&gt; HID Class Window -&gt; Action Tab -&gt; Action handling area 

Reports and collections -&gt; Usage Items -&gt; Performed actions 


Qualifier keys are *special*. You don't only need to create the actual keypress but also modify the qualifiers.
Go to the keyboard panel and find the windows menu key by enabling key tracking and pressing the windows menu key. Then assign the right amiga key to it.

Go to the actions panel and find the right amiga key (it's called &quot;Keyboard right GUI&quot;). Remember the actions stored there, best write them down in exact order. Then delete them.
Find the windows menu item and add the missing qualifier action. Be sure the parameters are exactly the same and the order is right.

Set them to Raw, then assign an up and down button for each character, etc.
when you change the settings to RAW so you can assign keyboard strokes. it will always say, KEYDOWN or what ever on the left, it never provides and option for key release.

The problem still remains though that if I try to assign the Directional Pad (Hat) to Arrow Keys, that things will get screwed up and you either can not move with the directional PAD (HAT), or movements are assigned to the Left Analog, and do not work as they should, it's as if the right and down arrow keys are ALWAYS On, regardless of the fact that I did indeed assign a Key release command to each input.

check that by pressing analog directions and see the current values, and the thresholds configured in poseidon to bind them to left/right/up/down.

misconfigured too much stuff in the HID settings, you can always go in poseidon-&gt;config list entry and delete the config item related to your device (or the HID class setting itself), back to basics.


*Rumble in Trident Prefs
Open Trident Prefs and click on the Devices option in the left hand window. Click with the mouse once on your gamepad choice on the right hand side and again on the Settings button below. In the new window, select the '''General''' TAB and half way down on the right there is an &quot;Open Now&quot; button in the section &quot;HID output control window&quot;. Clicking on that button opens another window (HID Control) with sliders for the two rumble engines inside the controllers and you can test if they work. '''Sometimes clicking that button does nothing, other times it will open the window and say nothing is detected.''' The leftmost two sliders do nothing, the third one has a large rumble effect, and the fourth one has a small rumble effect.

===Graphic Drawing Tablet===

There is a standard in HID for tablets possibly mouse type. If the tablet is HID conforming in that sense, it should work. Aiptek does a fairly good job at this. The other competitor, Wacom, didn't pay too much attention to this and simply adapted their legacy serial protocol into HID in a very awkward way. Older Wacom tablets have worked with the special support in the HID class, but not the more recent ones. 

 to use graphic tablets fully, applications need to be written that make use of the AmigaOS NewTablet events (which AROS has) 


* Entry level - A6 (6x4) work area 
* Medium A5 (6x8) A4 (10x7) size   (recommended but only a few ie years 2000 to 2003 models supported) 
* Semi Pro A3 (12x9) 
* Pro  Cintiq


* 2005/6 Some support added for Wacom tablets  
* 2008 Wacom's patent on battery free pens expires


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Micrograf Tabby (late 1980s and early 1990s) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;podscat pt 3030 graphics tablet
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Summagraphics 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom IV compatible (Graphire, ArtPad, A3, A4, A5 and PenPartner CT-0405-P - Wacom intuos GD-0405-R) Waycom Digitiser II UD-0608-R
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Artpad II (KT-0405-R) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AceCad boards 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AipTek HyperPen 6000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Calcomp 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AipTek HyperPen 8000 - Aldi/Medion MD 9310 and Aldi/Tevion LT 9310 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tablet PC penabled 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based like x61t X60t NC4200 NC4400 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* Wacom PenPartner
* PenPartner 2
* PenStation 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056a
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0000
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Graphire - Wacom Tablet ET-0405-U UV1.1-1 (Slate Blue)  ET-0405UL (lime)  (orange)  (red)  (purple) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0X0010
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|late 90s with A6 size - [Wacom Support] of X-axis 00000-10205  Y-AXIS 0000-7421 Tip Pressure 000-511 under Trident prefs. Air pen mouse type movements }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* Grapphire 2 4x5  ET-0405A-U UV2.0-3 (Steel Blue) 
* Graphire 2 5x7 ET-0507A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0011 and 0x0012
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0110
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|A6 and A5 versions - [Wacom Support] of X-axis 00000-10205  Y-AXIS 0000-7421 Tip Pressure 000-511. Air pen mouse type movements - mouse EC-120-0K tested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Graphire 3
* cte-430/w 4x5 pearl   sapphire 
* cte 630 6x8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0013 and 0x0014 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0314
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|A6 and A5 size - [Wacom Support] Xaxis 0-10207 yaxis 0-7423 tip pressure 0-511 and the erase end appears to respond but avoid bluetooth BT versions }}
|-
| Wacom Graphire 4 
* cte-440/B Blue cte 440/s Silver 4x5
* cte-640 6x8 cte 640 u 0403 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0015 and 0x0016 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;403
| {{Yes|A6 and A5 work area detected [Wacom Support] x-axis 0000-10207 Y axis 0000-7423 Tip Pressure 000-511 and delete rub out end of the pencil seems detected but avoid bluetooth BT versions }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* Wacom Intuos 4x5 GD-0405 
* Intuos 6x8    GD-0608
* Intuos 9x12    GD-0912
* Intuos 12x12  GD-1212-U 
* Intuos 12x18 GD-1218
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0020 0x0021 0x0022 0x0023 0x0024 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|detected and responses delivered back - x axis up to 30479 and y axis 31679, tip pressure up to 1023 and x and y tilt up to 127 - Wacom intuos GD-0912-A for Apple Macs NOT SUPPORTED}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* Intuos 2 4x5 A6 - XD-0405-U 
* Intuos 2 6x8 A5 - xd 0608u uoc
* Intuos 2 9x12 XD-0912-U
* Intuos 2 12x12 XD-1212-U
* Intuos 2 12x18 XD-1218-U
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056a
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0041 0x0042 0x0043 0x0044 0x0045 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0126
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|various sizes and recognised as [Wacom Support] but not working. x-axis 00000-20319 y-axis 00000-16239 tip presure 0000-1023 x-tilt y-tilt 000-127.  HID mouse xc-100-03 works but never could use it as a real tablet with pressure with TVPaint 3.6 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* Intuos 3 4x5 (PTZ-430) 
* Intuos 3 4x6   (PTZ-431W ) 
* Intuos 3 6x8   (PTZ-630 PTZ630) 
* Intuos 3 6x11 (PTZ-631W A3 wide)  
* Intuos 3 9x12 (A4 PTZ-930 PTZ930)  
* Intuos 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;056a
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x00b0 0x00b1 0x00b2 0x00b3 0x00b4 0x00b5
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No}} Actions in HID setup window definitively locks the Pointer (mouse) reports settings and even after a clear and save, nothing changes, the configuration returns to default values.  &quot;[Wacom]&quot; reports don't see any events from the tablet, even with &quot;Pointer&quot; reports cleared and save, so is locked a in &quot;mouse&quot; state - but can send a special command to the tablet in order to put it into a special vendor mode. This mode enables Wacom specificities like pressure, tilt, absolute position, buttons, etc... you should send an HID report feature with ReportID=2 and data=2, the current HID class driver doesn't give a way to change that, even using the &quot;initial startup actions&quot; item in the extra collection. No listed features work 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Wacom Volito - Promethean FT-0405-U06 UV1.4-1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0060
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0141
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|A6 work area with [Wacom Support] of x-axis 0000-5103 Y axis 0000-3711 Tip Pressure 000-511. Air and touch mouse movement - appears to be the budget option with some but limited features}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Volito 2 
* CTF-??? 2x3 
* CTF-420G CTF-420 V2.0-0 4x5
* Serif Penabled 6742 rebadge of CTF 420/020-B CTF-420/02
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0062
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|A6 work area with [Wacom Support] of x-axis 0000-5103 Y axis 0000-3711 Tip Pressure 000-511. Air and touch mouse movement - no erase function on the end of the pen - nylon nibs value option}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* Wacom PL-400 LCD 
* PL-500
* PL-510
* PL-550
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0030 0x0031 0x0032 0x0034 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* PL-600
* PL-600 SX
* PL-700
* PL-710
* PL-800
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0033 0x0035 0x0036 0x0037 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Cintiq 21 UX and Cintiq Partner DTF-720
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom PenTablet Bamboo (MTE), Bamboo Craft (CTH), Bamboo Fun (CTE), Bamboo Pen (CTL) and Bamboo Pen &amp; Touch (CTH) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Wacom Bamboo Fun Medium CTE-650 
| 
| 0x0018 
| 
| {{Maybe|[http://www.a1k.org/forum/showthread.php?t=11432 works on a1k forum]}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bamboo Fun Small CTE-450 white 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0017 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Bamboo One CTF-430 V2.0-0 CTF 430/S
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0069
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|A5 wired air pen and acts like a mouse only}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Intuos 4 
* Small PTK-440 PTK-540
* Medium - PTK-640 - PTK 540WL Wireless - 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested  Intuos4 surface sheet was revised in October 2010 to reduce nib wear}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Intuos 5 Touch 
*
* Medium - PTH-650 - USB Wired and Wireless Kit 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0027 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested work, however wireless may glitch or drag }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Intuos Pro Medium - PTH-651 - 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bamboo Small Pen Tablet - MTE 450 MTE-450A (MTE-450/k) - 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0065
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0116
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|A6 work area - mouse movement but no pen detection except x-axis 2 to -2 and y-axis 2 to -2 - mini usb lead - 4 blue led lit buttons not detected as well as circular touch button??  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bamboo Pen CTL 460
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested all Bamboo versions were criticized for the drawing surface's roughness (which got smoother over time), which caused the small pressure-sensitive 'nib' to wear down, and become slanted or scratchy in the same way as pencil lead, albeit more slowly}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Bamboo Fun CTH-461/S wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x00D2
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0106
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|A6 size - Pen tracking not working but finger touch works }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Bamboo Connect Pen Tablet CTL-470 CTL-470K 470-DE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CTH 470K
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom CTH 480/S wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} lithium battery for pad - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Intuos Pen Small CTL-480/S CTL 480 K wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x030E
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|A5 detected as Intuos PS  but not working although the RHS blue led responds to pen on tablet }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CTH 490 PK S Photo - CTH-490CK-S Comic - CTH-490AK-S Art 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested lower hovering height pen nibs wear fast and input lag/responsiveness}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intuos Pen &amp; Touch Medium - CTH-680 - USB Wired and Wireless Kit work 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Intuos Pro (PTH-660 and PTH-860) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Media Tablet 10.6&quot;
    Genius G-Pen M609
    Genius G-Pen M609X
    iVista Media Tablet 10.6
    Aiptek MediaTablet 10000u

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0501
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Slim Tablet 12.1&quot;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x172F
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0034
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x1105
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Media Tablet 12 by 9&quot; 
    Aiptek HyperPen 12000u T-12000U Tablet Series 
    Nisis T-12000u USB Tablet Series Version 1.05 (aiptek rebadged)

    Trust item #1535
    ADESSO Cyber Tablet 12000 Graphic design tablet
    iVista Media Tablet 12
    PENTAGRAM O'pen Wide P 2003
    Genius G-Pen M712
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0500, 0x08ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0010
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0105
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|detected with Nisis/Aiptek functioning as a tablet, untested with others  - Puck (mouse) x axis 0000 to 6000 y axis 0000 to 6000 - stylus (pen) x axis 00000 to 12000 y axis 00000 to 12000 tip pressure 0000 to 1023 - 16 function keys - AAA battery needed for pen and another for the mouse}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Media Tablet 14.1&quot; v5.1e
    Genius G-Pen M714X
    Aiptek MediaTablet 14000u WMK-H141 
    Trust item #15358
    Adesso CyberTablet 14000 M14
    iVista Media Tablet 14.1
    PENTAGRAM O'pen Wide P 2004

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0X172f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0X0500
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0114
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|detected with Nisis/Aiptek functioning as a tablet - Stylus (Pen) X 16838 Y 16838 Tip Pressure 1023 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop PID 0038
    Genius G-Pen F509
    Manhattan 177405

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0038
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop PID 0052
    Yiynova MSP19

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0052
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Q Pad
    Aiptek HyperPen Mini
    NGS Flexi Style
    VisTablet PenPad
    iVistaTablet Q Flex Pad
    Bravod Q-PD65-S
    Trust Flex Design Tablet (#16937)

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0037
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Sirius Battery Free Tablet
    VisTablet Muse
    PENTAGRAM Designer P 2700
    Princeton PTB-S1BK

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0502
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Slim Tablet 12.1&quot;
    Genius G-Pen F610
    Trust Slimline Widescreen Tablet (#16529)
    VisTablet Original 12&quot;
    Adesso CyberTablet Z12
    Adesso CT-Z12A
    PenPower Tooya Pro
    Aiptek Slim 12.1 Inch
    Aiptek SlimTablet 600u Premium II
    NGS Slim Proguess
    iVistaTablet Slim 12.1
    PENTAGRAM ThinType P 2006

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0034
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Slim Tablet 5.8&quot;
    Genius G-Pen F350
    Trust item #16485
    VisTablet Mini
    iVistaTablet Slim 5.8
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0032
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Venus S Tablet
    Trust eBrush Widescreen Tablet (#17939)

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0503
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Aiptek GmBH MediaTablet Ultimate II - 16:10 Professional Graphic Tablet Model 1400U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hanvon Beijing HanWang HW Micro Drawing Tablet ET0504U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b57
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8030
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;01111
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|does not work - recognised as an HID mouse - no tablet extensions detected}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;KYE EasyPen 340, Genius EasyPen 340 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0458:5014
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|untested }}
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| Aiptek Hyper Pen 6000u PC Tablet APT
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{No|detected but does not work - win98 era cordless 6in by 4.5in - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;nisis T-8000U APT-2 Aiptek rebadge 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x08CA
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0021
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|A5 detected but no responses }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acecad Flair II GT-504 Init Fkt  Fkt 0x5ab450c0
AIPTEK HyperPen 10000 U
Aiptek HyperPen 10000U, 
AIPTEK Slim Tablet U600 Premium II
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0460
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0004
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ace Cad Enterprise Co., Ltd Tablet - 5x3.75 drawing area 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0460
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0004
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bosto's 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} UCLogic Digitizer 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Adesso CyberTablet Z7, Adesso CyberTablet 12000, Adesso CT-12000A  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UC-Logic / Lapazz WP8060, UC-Logic / Lapazz PF1209, UC-Logic / Lapazz Artistic Tablet 5540,   Manhattan 8&quot;x6&quot;, Manhattan 3&quot;x4&quot;, Manhattan
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested but suspect not working}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DigiPro 5.5×4” Graphics Tablet
Digital Ink Pad (A4 format) 
DigiPro WP8060, DigiPro WP5540,  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Genius G-pen
G-Pen 4500
Genius Wizardpen
Genius Mousepen
Genius Easypen i405 M610 
Genius PenSketch 9x12, Genius MousePen i608, Genius MousePen 8x6, Genius MousePen / WizardPen 5x4, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Genius G-Pen F610
Genius G-Pen M610 
Genius G-Pen 340 (UC-LOGIC Tablet WP4030U)
Genius G-Pen 450 (UC-LOGIC Tablet WP5540U)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Genius
UC-LOGIC
iBall Tablet PF8060
iBall
Iball Pen Tablet 8060U, Iball Pen Tablet 5540U, Iball Pen Tablet 4030U, Iball Design Tablet PF1209,
NGS CADBOY (UC-LOGIC Tablet WP5540U)
Pentagram
QWare
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust TB-3100
Trust TB-5300 Trust 15356 
Trust TB-6300 Trust 15357  WP8060U  Slimline but bulky with metal backing A5 size 
Trust 16486, Trust 16447,  Sketch Design Tablet,
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|clashes with usb and crashes AROS }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UC-Logic Tablet WP1062
    Aiptek HyperPen 10000U
    Monoprice 10X6.25 Inches Graphic Drawing Tablet
    Pickle 10x6.25 Inch Graphic Drawing tabletguess

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;5543:0064
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| [ VTech KidiPhoto Art Studio] 
| 
| 
|  
| {{yes|works}}
|-
|}

Tablet has a squared lines of wires which induce a current into the pen which is then detected by the metal grid in the tablet pad. Tablets report pressure (and tilt on expensive models) and are absolute pointing devices (put the pen at the top left and the mouse pointer will go to the top left of the screen). Graphic drawing area, what keys, report rate, resolution lpi lpmm, accuracy, pressure levels (may come from the app), origin position,

Wacom tablets use electromagnetic resonance technology.  Since the tablet provides power to the pen through resonant inductive coupling, no power is required for the pointing device. As a result, no batteries are inside the pen (or the accompanying puck), making them lighter and slimmer.

Under the tablet's surface (or LCD in the case of the Cintiq) is a printed circuit board with a grid of multiple send/receive coils and a magnetic reflector attached behind the grid. In send mode, the tablet generates a close-coupled electromagnetic field (also known as a B-field) at a frequency of 531&amp;nbsp;kHz. This close-coupled field stimulates oscillation in the pen's coil/capacitor (LC) circuit when brought into range of the B-field. Any excess resonant electromagnetic energy is reflected back to the tablet. In receive mode, the energy of the resonant circuit’s oscillations in the pen is detected by the tablet's grid. This information is analyzed by the computer to determine the pen's position, by interpolation and Fourier analysis of the signal intensity.

In addition, the pen communicates information such as pen tip pressure, side-switch status, tip vs. eraser orientation and ID number (to differentiate between different pens, mice, etc.). For example, applying more or less pressure to the tip of the pen changes the value of the pen's timing circuit capacitor. This signal change can be communicated in an analog or digital method. An analog implementation modulates the phase angle of the resonant frequency, while a digital method is communicated to a modulator that distributes the information digitally. The tablet forwards this and other relevant tool information in packets, up to 200 times per second, to the computer.


If you disable (delete all of them except for one that needs to be set to &quot;no action&quot;, so that it will not be regenerated as default) the Extra Startup actions, the tablet should remain in relative mouse mode—you will not get pressure information in that mode though. [http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/highway_usb/message/2394]}}


=== Handheld Barcode Scanner Readers ===

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Farsun 9100 barcode scanner 0-12&quot; 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Motorola Symbol LS2203 CMOS 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tysso 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested Simple}} Code 11, Code 39, Code 93, Code 128, Coda Bar, UPC-A, UPC-E, EAN-8, EAN-13, MSI/Plessey, Telepen, Interleaved 2 of 5, Industrial 2 of 5, Matrix 2 of 5 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Unitech MS320 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wasp WCS3905 CCD 1&quot; 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} Code 93, Matrix 2 of 5, Industrial 2 of 5, Code 39, UCC/EAN-128, ISBN, Code 32, EAN/JAN-8 , EAN/JAN-13 , UPC-A, UPC-E, Codabar, Code 128, Code 11, Interleaved 2 of 5, MSI-Plessey, China Post, IATA 2 of 5, ISSN, UK-Plessey 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Datalogic Touch 90 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intermec  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Honeywell Metrologic MK9540-32A38 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Motorola LS2208 Laser 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wasp WWS800 Laser 1D 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Datalogic GD4130-BK-C066 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Honeywell 1202G-1USB-5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Motorola / Symbol DS6707-DC20007ZZR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DataMan 8000 2D 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Honeywell Voyager 9520/40 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Metrologic MS1690 USB 2D Barcode Scanner  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} QR Code GS1 Databar PDF417
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Syscan GM800 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}

[http://www.scandit.com/2011/11/04/types-of-barcodes-choosing-the-right-barcode-type-ean-upc-code128-itf-14-or-code39/ Types of Barcode]

&lt;pre&gt;
UPC-A       Grocery most common 
Code 128    
EAN-13      Library Books ISBN &amp; ISSN, 
Code 39     
Codabar     blood bank,

2D barcodes such as 
Data Matrix 
PDF417e     
Maxicode    
Aztec       
QR Code     old Nokia handsets, 
MicroPDF417 
&lt;/pre&gt;


===TouchScreens===

Projected capacitive (PCAP) touch screen product, amongst many options the widely used are I2C and USB 

*USB host–device structure which dominates consumer and industrial electronics devices where higher bandwidth needed and user-friendly (multiswipes)
*I2C Inter-Integrated Circuit simple serial standard for LCD display in embedded systems because of cost and low power 
*SPI arduino and rpi single boards 

We cover the USB here 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| eGalax Touch 4a
| 0eef 
| 0001 
| 0001
| {{yes|2009 works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lilliput HDMI Monitors
669GL-70NP/C/T (7 inch)
869GL-80NP/C/T (8 inch)
FA1011-NP/C/T (10 inch)
FA1046-NP/C/T (10 inch)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Iilyama Prolite Monitors
PROLITE T1513SR-1 (15 inch)
PROLITE T1730 (17 inch)
PROLITE T1713SR-1 (17 inch)
PROLITE T1913SR-1 (19 inch)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Smart Display Company (SDC) Touchscreens TFT Monitors
TOUCH-TFT-TS07 (7 inch)
TOUCH-TFT-TS08 (8 inch)
TOUCH-TFT-TS10 (10 inch)
TOUCH-TFT-TS12 (12 inch)
TOUCH-TFT-TS15 (15 inch)
TOUCH-TFT-TS17 (17 inch)
TOUCH-TFT-TS19W (19 inch wide)
TOUCH-TFT-TS22W (22 inch wide)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;XENARC Monitors 7 inch models
700TSH
700TSU
700TSV
702TSV
705TSV
706TSA
700IDT
MDT-X7000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;XENARC 
8 inch models:
800TSV
805TSV

10 inch models:
1020TSV
1026TSA
1040TS

12 inch models:
1200TS
1200TR
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asus VT229H 21.5&quot;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CUQI 7&quot; Monitor Touchscreen 1024x600 IPS
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Espresso 15&quot; Portable Touchscreen Display Monitor
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hannspree HT225HPB 21.5 inch
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;WaveShare 13.3inch HDMI LCD (H) (with case)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


===GPS tracking, running, cycling, biking, walking, hiking, ORIENTEERING, boaters and mapping===

Support for OpenStreetMap but not for Ordnance Survey, Map Pilot or National Geographic's Topo maps data gdb,

Data output supported nmea 0183 V1.5 APA, V1.5 XTE and V2.1 GSA formats, gpx, kml/kmz, tracks from tcx files, geo: URIs,  
NMEA0183(which is RS232, voltages range from -15 volts to 15 volts, 4800 baud), or need NMEA sentences connected to your computer

other method that some units support is a special serial cable that actually emits raw RS232 NMEA. These usually take 10-&gt;30 volts input, can run the unit, and have full voltage I/O for RS232 (not like spanner mode, which effectively turns the unit into a USB-&gt;Serial adapter inside the case).

Equivalent apps - merkator, mapsource,

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin gpsmap 180 GPS/chart plotter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;1992 GARMIN GPS 55 AVD Portable System 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin GPS V 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested - waas pinpoint within 3 metres - nmea - 4AA battery}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin GPS 12 12XL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Legend C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin eMap 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|possibly through usbmodem rs232 connection nmea 0183 protocol}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin eTrex 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} rs232 these older units supported it and would provide the stream in either the standard NMEA 0183 format or a proprietary Garmin format.
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin GPS 75 AVD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan GPS Map 7000 model 45006 (1994) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan GPS Tracker
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan Pioneer Satellite Navigator 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan GPS 300 315 320 Mentor Receiver (2003) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Not for dedicated sat nav units like the Nuvi, TomTom, etc 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NaviLock NL-402U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested u-blox 5 SuperSense® chipset with receivers for GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, BeiDou and QZSS}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GM1-86UB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| U-BLOX UB-6010 GGA,GSA,GSV, RMC and support VTG, GLL, TXT ublox binary and NMEA Command Dynamic Condition }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NAVILOCK GPS NL-602U USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|works via usbmodem.device - ublox ag 6 chipset - 50 channel}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TOPGNSS ton Receiver &amp; Antenna GM702  u-blox 7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|UBLOX7020 chip design bloc u-blox}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VK-162 G-MOUSE u blox 7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1546
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x01a7
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|UBX G70xx with RMC VTG GSV TXT GLL GGA GSA}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VK-172 u-blox 7 G7020-KT gps gnss white pen stick receiver - over 1 inch long 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1546 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x01a7
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A| detected as cdc controlled plug in device - 18x18x2mm patch antenna but can be slow to update - nmea 0183 and ublox binary protocol}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GlobalSat BU-353 WaterProof USB GPS Receiver 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested SiRF Star III}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Haicom HI-206 USB GPS receiver with RS-232 interfaces, RJ11 and PS/II connector EB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|usb-serial prolific pl2303 detected but GSP3F SiRF Star IV technology not detected or bound}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BT760Y, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested Skytraq Venus 5 GPS chipset}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GM-65 USB GPS Receiver
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested Skytraq Venus 6 GPS chipset - 65 channel}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested Skytraq Venus 7 GPS chipset}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GM-65 USB GPS Receiver
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested Skytraq Venus 8 GPS chipset - 167 channels}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Colorado 300 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} USB 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Geko 101 201 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} limited waas enabled only - waypoints - aaa battery 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Edge 200 bike mount 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin ForeRunner 10 15 watch 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Montana 600
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Dakota 10 20 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Map76s 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Oregon 450T  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} USB nmea 0183 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin eTrex 10 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested - no nmea0183 sentences data stream output - configuration an option to set it to &quot;Garmin&quot; mode, or &quot;Mass Storage&quot; mode. Since the mass storage mode seems to be required for waypoint/track/etc data exchange, the 'Garmin' mode would be for this data stream. Yet putting it in that mode doesnt seem to produce anything.}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Oregon 650T 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin GPSMAP 64S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GPSMap 78S or GPSMap 76CSX which has a NMEA port for talking to Nav equipment
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin eTrex Vista Cx GPS Receiver 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested - 2AA battery}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin GPSmap 276c
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan 2000 XL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan 3000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan Triton 300
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} SiRFstarIII™, Antenna Type Multidirectional Patch with WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS support 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan Triton 400 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}


==massstorage.class (MSC/UMS - most cameras and mp3 players)==

=== USB Card Readers ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Installing
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Booting
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| A-Tec Model CR-362 
| 
| 
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| [http://www.belkin.com/IWCatProductPage.process?Merchant_Id=&amp;Section_Id=200406&amp;pcount=&amp;Product_Id=179164 Belkin 15 in 1 Card Reader]
|
|
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Conrad CP440 60 in 1 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works on a1k forum}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Genesys Gtech Logic 19 in 1
| 0x05E3
| 0x0710
| High 0200
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Hama 19 in 1 Card Reader 
|
|
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| Hama 35 in 1 Card Reader 
|
|
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Integral Single Slot SD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kingston USB 3.0 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lexar microsd adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} but wider than Sandisk version - could block other slot if below 
|-
| Pretec CardDriver 
|
|
| 
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Sandisk MicroMate 
|
|
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sandisk MobileMate SD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sandisk MobileMate Micro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} has satisfying 'click' when microsd inserted 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sandisk MobileMate Duo MicroSD
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} no 'click' insertion uses pressure so future wear and tear issues 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Serena metal cased microsd only 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|Maybe}} hit or miss on quality 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Serena &quot;Sandisk MobileMate&quot; look-alike 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|Maybe}} hit or miss on quality 
|-
| SilverCrest 16in1 
|
|
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Transcend 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Transcend P5 8 in 1 TSRDP5K 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Transcend P8 15 in 1 TSRDP8K
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Zyxel integralmemory 8 in 1 
| 0x0aec
| 0x3260
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{no|not detected}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}

=== USB Hard Drives ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Datel MaxDrive 
| 
| 
|  
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Inateck 2.5 Inch USB 3.0 Hard Drive Disk Enclosure/ Case (FE2001) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} Full USB 3.0 port but plastic teeth keeping drive in place can snap 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Inateck case (FE2002) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} full USB 3.0 port - updated design 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Inateck case (FE3001) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} wider USB 3.0 port and no on/off switch  Jmicron JMS578 chipset
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Iomega Desktop Hard Drive 500GB, 3,5“, USB2.0 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Samsung
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Samsung
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Samsung T3 SSD 
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}} USB 3.1 Gen 1 space grey / black metal/ plastic 
|-
| Samsung T5 SSD 
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}} USB 3.1 Gen 2 256GB 512GB alluring blue 1Tb 2Tb black unibody metal 
|-
| Samsung
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Seagate
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Seagate 
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Toshiba Canvio 1TB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|partition fat32 or sfs to 100GB max - ntfs partitions not detected out of the box - select usb drive in trident prefs and press disable to shutdown}}
|-
| Verbatim 160GB Smartdisk 
| 
| 
|  
| {{yes|works }}
|-
| Western Digital USB 
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;WD Essential 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;WD Passport 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}


=== USB DVD CD ROM Drives ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;12.5mm 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;12.5mm enclosure mini-sata dvd-rw 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested needs sole usb3 port to power it}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;9.5mm enclosure ECD829 mini-sata dvd-rw with Initio Corporation INIC-1618L SATA 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x13fd
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0840
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested but probably needs sole usb3 port to power it}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|}


=== USB to NGFF NVMe SDD HDD DVD CD ROM Drives ===

The older Jmicron JMS539B seems to result in massive filesystem corruption given the amount of corrupted content. Prehaps always avoided Jmicron and opted for Asmedia even if it costed a bit more. Realtek seems to be working okay for me generally speaking and newer Jmicron chipsets are less buggy – but evidently not perfect. 

From [https://goughlui.com/2025/08/17/psa-validate-your-storage-jmicron-jms583-kioxia-bg4-series-ssd-issue/ thread] 

Here is a [https://forums.anandtech.com/threads/stable-nvme-usb-adapter.2572973/ very long thread] that discusses data corruption and stability issues with these bridges. The majority of the posts are complaining of dropouts, hangs and the like, which usually down to either a poor USB 3.x implementation (SuperSpeed connections are very picky as to cables, ports and trace routing) or problematic compatibility. Regardless, the [https://www.legitreviews.com/jmicron-jms583-controller-version-matters-for-portable-usb-drives_219422 JMS583 is known to have several versions] noting that the last revision (C) in that article is a 2021 release which should fix earlier stability and cable quality compatibility issues. 
JMS583-STD-Release-v00.02.01.04-Bus Power.bin is the latest JMS583 firmware as of August 2025. 

Early firmware RTL9210 seems to have issues as well 


* RTL9210B
* JMS583 rev1 with firmware A2 or A3  

* RTL9210A
* JMS583 firmware 2.0.9 
* Asmedia ASM2362

* RTL9201A


The reference Hardware ID for the JMS583 chipset from JMicron is:
VID_152D&amp;PID_0583&amp;REV_0209
where &quot;VID_152D&quot; identifies a JMicron product;
&quot;PID_0583&quot; is the generation chipset;
&quot;REV_0209&quot; is the firmware version installed.

In the same way, the reference Hardware ID for the RTL9210 from Realtek is:
VID_0BDA&amp;PID_9210&amp;REV_3100
&quot;VID_0BDA&quot; is for a Realtek product, &quot;PID_9210&quot; is referred to the chipset and &quot;REV_3100&quot; to the firmware.


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ASM1153E / ASM1153 with firmware 140509_A1_82_40 or 141126_A1_EE_82. Both supports UASP and TRIM on USB 3.1 Gen.1 adapter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x174c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x55aa
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|works with sabrent ec-uasp}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ASM235CM Ugreen aluminum bridging the USB3.2 Gen2x1 to Serial ATA host interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x174c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TI 9261 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ASM225
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x174c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JMicron JMS578 issues USB 3.1 Gen.1 adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;152d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0578
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|needs fixing on pi4 storage quirks}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JMicron JMS576 issues USB 3 to usb-c adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;152d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0576
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|orico}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JMS562 JMicron Technology Corp
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;152d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0562
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JMS561U
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x152d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1561
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|works with sabrent ec-uasp}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VL716Q4 Orico black meshed aluminum usb c
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asmedia ASM1053E 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1B21 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x55aa
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ASmedia ASM1051E
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x174c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x55aa
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asmedia ASM1053
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x174C
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1536
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asmedia ASM104x
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1B21 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1042 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Unknown Chinese version 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0bc2
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2312 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|sometimes works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JMicron N5321 gr
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x152d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xa583
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Initio Corp INIC-1618L mini slimline sata 6 + 7 pins to usb2 adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x13FD
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0840
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0114
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|sometimes works mini sata to usb2 detects 201x laptop DVD as MassStorage(CD/DVD) but may need powered USB hub}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Unknown mini sata to usb3 adaptor 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x01F75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0621
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0036 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|sometimes works mini sata to usb3 detects 201x notebook DVD drive as MassStorage(SCSI) but 5V 1.5Amp needs powered hub to burn }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|}


=== External Floppy ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://techtravels.org/amiga/amigablog/ Amiga Floppy Project]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://aminet.net/package/driver/media/Catweasel_AROS_V1.2 Catweasel Mk4] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0xE159
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0001
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x00
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|2005 [http://archives.aros-exec.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=driver/storage works]}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Catweazle MK4plus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|2010  driver for Teac are best, Sony are good, but Mitsumi don't like the Catweasel}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://hxc2001.free.fr/floppy_drive_emulator/ HxC Floppy Emulator]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.softpres.org/glossary:kryoflux KyroFlux]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung SFD-321U/EP USB Floppy
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.cbmstuff.com/proddetail.php?prod=SCP SuperCard Pro] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.facebook.com/groups/greaseweazle Greaseweazle STM hardware], [https://cowlark.com/fluxengine/index.html Greaseweasel support], [https://github.com/keirf/greaseweazle python software], [https://amigakit.amiga.store/greaseweazle-p-91279.html buy], 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB FLOPPY DISK DRIVE (USB External Floppy Disk) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/SukkoPera/OpenFlops OpenFlops] with [https://github.com/keirf/flashfloppy FlashFloppy] Gotech clone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/hmerrett/HenryFlops HenryFlops reworked OpenFlops] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/tebl/Amiga-DrawBridge DrawBridge aka Arduino Amiga Floppy Disk Reader/Writer] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| arduino based hardware }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FL-2501 USB Portable Diskette Drive  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 usb - [https://amiga.robsmithdev.co.uk/ Drawbridge] [https://github.com/RobSmithDev/ArduinoFloppyDiskReader software] ribbon cable compat with p/n 19308801-19 and s/n U356244 - model ASM P/N 27l4226 and FRU P/N 05k9283 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Dell Floppy Drive Module USB External 3.5&quot; - Teac FD-05PUB 1.44mb 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 usb 1.1 
|-
|}


==ptp.class (PTP and MTP - other cameras and mp3 players)==

=== Cameras ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 20D
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2004  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon 350D (also known as the Digital Rebel XT/Kiss Digital N) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2005 DIGIC II processor 8-megapixel }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon PowerShot A430 A560 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2006 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 400D (XTi) digital SLR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 1000D also known as Rebel XS
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 10.2mp 720p  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon 450D aka Rebel Xsi 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 12.2mp }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon PowerShot S90 S95 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 2010 720p video - 10Mpixel }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon Powershot SD960 IS Digtal ELPH 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 Still Image: Exif 2.2 (JPEG), Movie: MOV (Image: H.264; Audio: Linear PCM) Lithium-ion Battery Pack NB-4L }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 500D aka Rebel  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 1080p 15.1MP Lithium  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 550D 600D aka Rebel T2i T3i DSLR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010-2011 1080p 18MP Lithium LP-E8 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon Powershot S100 S110 S120  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011-2013 720p-1080p video 12.1MP and above versions - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 1100D DSLR Camera aka Rebel T3 SLR, EOS Kiss X50 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 720p 10Mpixels Lithium  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 650D 700D aka Rebel T4i T5i T6i SLR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012-2013 1080p 18Mpixels Lithium LP-E8 articulating flip out twistable screen }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon ELPH 300 HS (IXUS 220 HS) 230 100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 blogging camera }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon PowerShot N 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013  12.1 MP CMOS, DIGIC 5 Wifi Lithium Battery Pack NB-9L }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon Powershot G7 X, G7X-II 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014-2016 1080p video 12.1MP and above versions - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 1300D DSLR Camera aka Rebel T6 SLR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 1080p 16Mpixels Lithium  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon Powershot G7x G5X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| G7X flip up and G5X flip out - same batteries - no external microphone input - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS M3 M5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| flip out - same batteries - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 60D 70D 80D 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon 6D 7D 8D 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon 5D Mark II III IV DSLR
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji FinePix A850
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FujiFilm Finepix F100fd
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji FinePix F810
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji xf1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| pocketable exr cmos 12mp }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji xt1  x-t1  x10 x-t10
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 1080p }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fujifilm x100 x100s x100t 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji xPro1 xPro2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji xt2 / x-t2 x-t20 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 4K video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GoPro HERO 3 HERO4 HERO 5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D100, D60
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2004 Compact flash storage - non interchangeable lenses up to 12.3MP sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D50, D50x 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2005  storage - 6.1MP sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D70, D80, D90 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2006 Compact flash storage - 10MP sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D40, D40x 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007  storage -  10MP sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D300, D700
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008  storage -  12.3MP sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D2Xs, D2Hs, D3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2006-2008  storage - sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D3000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 720p video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D5000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010 720p video unlike D3000 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D6000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010 16mpixel}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D7000  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010 16.2mp 720p video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon L26 L27 L28 L29 L31 Coolpix compact cameras 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 720p video - 2 AA - pocket sized }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D3100   
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 720p video 14.2mp}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D5100 DSLR
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 16.2mp  720p}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon L810 L820 L830 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012-2014 720p video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012  storage - sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D7100 D7200  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012-2014 up to 24.2mp 1080p video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D3200  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 1080p 24MPixel}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D5200 D5300  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 24.1MP 1080p }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D800 D600 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 1080p video sd card storage - dust/oil issue at start}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D3300 DSLR
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 24.2MP 1080p  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D500, a high-performance DX-format (APS-C) DSLR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D3400 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 24.2MP 1080p }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D5500 D5600 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016-2018 24.1MP 1080p }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D810 D610 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 1080p video sd card storage }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D7300 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 4K UHD video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D900 D850 D820 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 4k 46MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus C-370 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2004 3.2mp }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus Camedia C-725 Ultrazoom
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2004 3mp aa batteries, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus Evolt E-500
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2005 8mp  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus Evolt E-410 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus Evolt E-510
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007 10MP Live MOS sensor with TruePic III processor,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus E-420
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 10mp, compactflash and xD cards,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus E-520
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 10mp, compactflash and xD cards,  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus E-620
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 12.3mp, compactflash, xD and microdrive cards,  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus E-30 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus E-450 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 10mp,  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax * ist DS DSLR camera
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2005 6.1mp  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax K10D
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2006 10.2mp APS-C CCD no video and older manual Pentax K-mount lenses}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax K20D
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2008 14.6MP APS-C but no video recording mode }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax K30 K-5 II 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2012 16MP full HD (1080p) recording at 24/25/30 fps}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax K-3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 24MP 1080p  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax K-3 II
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2015 24MP  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax K-3 III
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 25.7MP BSI CMOS sensor  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic Lumix LZ10 LZ20 DMC-LZ30 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 720p video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic TZ1 TZ5  TZ9 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic Lumix GH1 GH2 like the DMC-GH2HEB-K - GH3 DMC-GH3HEB-K 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| Four Thirds (GH2)  MFT Micro Four Thirds (GH3) limited to 29mins recording }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic AF series AF100 AF101 AF102 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic Lumix DMC-G2 DMC-G3 G5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic TZ60 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic DMC LX7 10 LX15 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic GF7 GX8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic G80 G85 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| micro 4/3 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic GH4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| micro 4/3 - shooting in MOV or MP4 formats recording limited to sd card size but split files because the FAT32 file system only supports files up 4GB in size, which amounts to around 5 minutes of 4K (100mbps) footage - GH4 appears to create 4GB files as a rule, regardless of whether the memory card’s file system supports larger files or not - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic GH5 gx80 gx85 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| Effective: 20.3 Megapixel 5184 x 3888 - 2 sd card slots compatible with high-speed, high capacity UHS-II - sd card v rating like the v90 should record at 60MB/s to be compatible with the GH5 in the All-I format - possible file corruption with .mdt files - new firmware 2.0 update, the Panasonic GH5 becomes the first 5K - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic FZ2000 FZ2500 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung WB100 WB1100 WB150 WB2200 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 16MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung NX11 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung  NX200, NX20, NX1000 and NX210
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 20.3Mp APS-C sized CMOS image sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sanyo Xacti CG65
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sanyo 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Alpha DSLR-A100
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2005 6.1MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Cyber-shot DSC camera models W110 W220 H300 H400 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Alpha DSLR-A200
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 10.2MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Alpha DSLR-A230
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 10.2MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony A290 DSLR Camera 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010 14.2MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Cybershot HX20V HX30V 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 18mp 720p  - steady shot unit / optical block can cause buzzing noise and/or jumping image in lcd / viewfinder - dots are dirt and this voids the warranty }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Cybershot HX50V HX60V 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 20.2MP 1080p  - steady shot unit / optical block can cause buzzing noise and/or jumping image in lcd / viewfinder - dots are dirt and this voids the warranty }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony A77 A99 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony WX100 WX150 wx220 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 2014 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony NEX-6 Sony NEX-7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 16 to 24MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony NEX-3N Sony NEX-5N 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 16MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α58 Sony α68 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 20.1 MP  2014 24mp }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony rx100 mk III 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 20.1MP 1.0-type back-illuminated Exmor R CMOS sensor, often after boot-up, the motor starts running for no reason for first versions' -  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α5000 a5000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 20.1 Megapixel APS-C Exmor APS HD CMOS 1080p Sony E-mount [https://github.com/ma1co/Sony-PMCA-RE hack] using [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8M4hR9HiOzM this] }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α6000 a6000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 24MP APS-C sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α7 A7S a7r a7c 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 mirror less - more compact }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α77 II, α99 II, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2015 24.3 MP,  2016 42.4mp   }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony rx100 mk IV V 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2015 2016 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony RX0 RX zero, RX0 II
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2015 2017 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α6500 a6500 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 24.2MP APS-C sensor 4K }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α7 Alpha 7 II E-mount interchangeable lens mirrorless camera 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2017 24.2mp,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α7 A7Sii a7r a7c 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 mirror less - more compact }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony a7 III α77 ILCE7M3/B Full-Frame Mirrorless Interchangeable-Lens Camera
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 24.2mp,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony ZV-1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 24mm optical zoom, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony ZV-1F
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 entry-level vlogging, 1-inch 20.1MP, ultra-wide 20mm f/2 prime lens}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}

&lt;pre &gt;
Lens Mounts

Canon EF EF-S
Nikon F 
Panasonic 
Olympus OM 
Pentax DA, FA, F, A, M, and K series
Fujifilm X mount 
&lt;/pre &gt;

&lt;pre &gt;
Sensors

APS-C 
S35 
Full Frame 
43 Four Thirds 
M43 MFT Micro four thirds 
&lt;/pre &gt;


=== Digital Voice Recorder Dictaphone Dictation Machine Handheld ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-7000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested 2011 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-7200
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|untested 2012 no usb }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-7500 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested 2012 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-7600 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested 2013 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus WS-100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-7700 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-8600 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-711PC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-712PC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-731PC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus WS-811
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested slide out usb-a - aaa battery - ok recordings }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-540PC Olympus VN-541PC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Philips DVT1250
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony ICD-UX470
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony ICD-UX560
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony ICD-UX570 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}


=== USB eBooks Readers drm free EPUB version 2.0.1 (2007), 3.0 (2011), 3.1 (2015) or [https://www.w3.org/TR/epub-33/ 3.3 (2024)] [https://github.com/thansen0/sample-epub-minimal epub examples] formats access ===

EPUB file format is an open standard based on XHTML for content and XML for metadata, contained in a zip file archive 

PDF v2.0 in 2017, 2009 takeover by ISO Org, 1.7 in 2006 , 1.6 in 2005, 1.4 in 2001, 1.3 in 1999, 1.0 in 1993 


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Access
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Barnes and Noble Nook Simple Touch NST BNRV300 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2080
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0003
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;when finding the right micro usb cable that works, internal nook memory not accessible but sd card fat32 readable and writable outside 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2011 6in 600x800 e-ink 16 grayscale .jpg}} battery remove sd card and Torx T5 back top for Cameron Sino CS-BNR003SL - USA 1.2.2 md5sum 351e26527e80156183e74be2da2ce89f *nook_1_2_update.zip - 1.2.1 UK fdba3981f7f221cc5143db6329645bc2 *nook_1_2_update.zip - skip registration, Turn on the device, but do NOT start setting it up. Hold down the top right button on the front of the device and slide your finger from left to right across the top of the E Ink screen. A ‘Factory’ button should appear in the top left corner of the screen. Press it. Once in the Factory menu, hold down the top right button on the front of the device and tap the bottom right corner of the screen should now see a ‘Skip Oobe’ button. Tap that and the Nook should finally load the home screen. Poor battery management - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Barnes and Noble Nook Simple Touch with Glowlight 
*2012 Nook Simple Touch with GlowLight BNRV350 
*2013 Nook GlowLight BNRV500
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2080
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0004 0x0007 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2012 untested }} perform a hard reset: Turn off the nook completely, turn it on, as soon as you see the screen flash begin holding the bottom page turn buttons until the screen flashes with a message asking reset, press the 'n' key twice to start the reset - Poor battery management - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nook Glowlight 4 Plus 7.8-inch screen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} Poor battery management - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
*NOOK 1st Edition (2009-2018) BNRZ100
*NOOK Color (2010-2024) BNRV200
*NOOK Tablet (8GB/16GB) (2011-2024) BNTV250A / BNTV250
*NOOK HD (2012-2024) BNTV400 
*NOOK HD+ (2012-2024) BNTV600 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elonex 511EB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;045e:ffff
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2009 untested Preferences-&gt;advanced-&gt;debug device detection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://jaforeck.wordpress.com/2012/08/05/ready-to-meet-viktor-navorski-gained-access-to-elonex-621ebs-terminal-52/ Elonex 621EB] eBook 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1f85
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1688
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;unlocked ootb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2010 untested usb mini charging 6&quot; diagonal eInk Screen - 800 x 600 pixels, 8 Level 166dpi Paperlike screen, Embedded 1GB Flash NAND, full SD Card Slot up to 16GB - WAV, MP3, JPG, PNG, BMP, GIF support and ePub and PDF(with reflow) (TXT, HTML) support}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elonex 700eb 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2011 untested adjust screen blanking by menu then settings then device standby, you can then turn it off}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iRiver Story HD eBook 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} freescale imx.508 arm mcimx508cvkbb cpu with 2gb samsung nand, m13892aj charging chip, eb07_main_mp1_110321 mobo, mini usb, atheros ar61026 wifi - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iRiver Story 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kobo Rakuten Touch A/B	kobo3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kobo Touch C, Kobo Mini, Kobo Glo N613, Kobo Aura HD N514 N204	kobo4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kobo Aura, Kobo Aura H2O, kobo5
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2013 6in untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kobo Aura H2O Edition 2 v1, Kobo Glo HD, Kobo Touch 2.0, Kobo Aura ONE N709, Kobo Aura ONE Limited Edition, Kobo Aura Edition 2 v1 N236,	kobo6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kobo Aura H2O Edition 2 v2, Kobo Aura Edition 2 v2, Kobo Nia, Kobo Clara HD, Kobo Forma, Kobo Libra H2O	kobo7
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kobo Elipsa, Kobo Sage	kobo8
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
*Kobo Libra 2  kobo9, Kobo Clara 2E	kobo10, Kobo Elipsa 2E	kobo11
*Kobo Libra Colour	kobo13, Kobo Clara BW, Kobo Clara Colour	kobo12
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pandigital Personal eReader aka? Papyre 6.2 very similar to BQ Avant Firmware
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PRS 300 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PRS 350 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2009 epub bbeb cbz untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PRS-650
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle K1 D00111 - Main Menu=: Settings: Menu=: Device Info shows S/N 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0002
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;256mb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2007 untested Marvell Xscale PXA255}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle K2, D00511 170-1012-00, D00701 D00801 S11S01B  
* k2 means K2 US
* k2i means K2 GW
* dx means KDX US
* dxi means KDX GW
* dxg means KDX Graphite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0003
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;2gb unless jb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2010 untested Freescale i.MX31 }} the Kindle is a small computer running Linux 2.6 on an ARM processor
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMAZON Kindle D00901 3rd Gen with keyboard - Menu, Settings for S/N and then Menu again to choose Update 
* S/N starts B006 means k3g aka K3 3G US 
* S/N starts B008 means k3w aka K3 WiFi 
* S/N starts B00A means k3gb aka K3 3G UK EU 
 - debug mode with ;debugON and ~help
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0004
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;{{yes|4Gb internal no access until jailbroken JB}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 with mobi and azw3 formats only - micro usb 5v 0.85a - freescale i.mx35 ARM soc with 12bit parallel interface with epson e-ink cpu, 256MB synchronous dynamic RAM, 4GB eMMC internal memory only but no sd slot, MC13892 PMIC - atheros wifi 54mbit pci-e a e keyed wifi - ?? later models wm96103 audio codec - display has 2Mbit serial memory ic on ribbon cable with 4bpp inverse grayscale display not touchscreen - 3g module - screen replacement really annoying - 4 test points near T07 = TX RX GND ? - as of 2025, JB v0.13.N, MKK2014, MKK2025, KUAL, KoReader Legacy2025, and maybe later SS v0.47.N, Python 0.14.N, Fonts v5.16.N, USBNet v0.57.N - USB-downloader mode when Vol+ is pressed during startup - Shift + Alt + M for Minesweeper - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon Kindle 4th Generation k4 D01100 two buttons, square movement and two buttons at bottom 
*B00E 
plastic back clipped in [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LV1dyNkjjro many places] and strongly taped down to battery cover 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0005
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;2gb unless jb with USB MS, USBMS aka also known as USB MSC or UMS
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 once back off use Torx T5 to remove battery cover screws - battery glued down S2011-001-A 515-1058-01 DR-A015 MC-265360 - Freescale i.MX508 SOC, 2Gb eMMC storage, 256MiB of LPDDR1, MC13892 PMIC - vendor modified u-boot imximage based on u-boot v2009.08 - USB-downloader mode press the fiveway down button during startup resetmykindle - as of 2025 upgrade firmware from 4.1.x and to 4.1.4, sign into account and copy jb.1.8 bits, mkk-2014, mkk-2025, kual and then uninstall kual, koreader2025 - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle Touch WiFi (Kindle 5th Gen) D01200 K5, KT
*Once signed into an Amazon Account get S/N under Settings -&gt; Device Options
*B00F 	Kindle Touch 3G + WiFi (Kindle 5) (U.S. and Canada) [Mostly]
*B011 	Kindle Touch WiFi (Kindle 5)
*B010 	Kindle Touch 3G + WiFi (Kindle 5) (Europe) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0006
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;4gb unless jb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 touchscreen i.MX508 SOC, 256MiB of LPDDR1 and USB-downloader mode by the SOC microcode when a specific key is pressed during startup: the home button on model D01200 - update firmware 5.3.2 to 5.3.7.3, access account, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle PaperWhite 3G + WiFi (U.S.) [Mostly] PW 
&lt;pre&gt;
B024 	Kindle PaperWhite WiFi 
B01B 	Kindle PaperWhite 3G + WiFi (U.S.) [Mostly]
B020 	Kindle PaperWhite 3G + WiFi (Brazil) 
B01C 	Kindle PaperWhite 3G + WiFi (Canada)
B01D 	Kindle PaperWhite 3G + WiFi (Europe)
B01F 	Kindle PaperWhite 3G + WiFi (Japan)
&lt;/pre&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0007
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;2gb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 Freescale i.MX508 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0008
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;2gb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle PaperWhite 2 (2013) PW2 
*B0D4, 90D4 WiFi (U.S., Intl.) 
*B05A, 905A WiFi (Japan)
*B0D5, 90D5 3G + WiFi (U.S.) [Mostly]
*B0D6, 90D6 3G + WiFi (Canada] 
*B0D7, 90D7 3G + WiFi (Europe)
*B0D8, 90D8 3G + WiFi (Russia)
*B0F2, 90F2 3G + WiFi (Japan)
*B017, 9017 WiFi (4GB) (U.S., Intl.)
*B060, 9060 3G + WiFi (4GB) (Europe)
*B062, 9062 3G + WiFi (4GB) (U.S.) [Mostly]
*B05F, 905F 3G + WiFi (4GB) (Canada)
*B061, 9061 3G + WiFi (4GB) (Brazil) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0009
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;2gb or 4gb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| PW2 uses Freescale/NXP i.MX6 SoloLite  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle Paperwhite 3 PW3 i.e. Kindle 7th gen 
*G090G1 (2015) WiFi 
*G090G2 (2015) 3G + WiFi (U.S.) [Mostly] 
*G090G4 (2015) 3G + WiFi (Mexico)
*G090G5 (2015) 3G + WiFi (Europe, Australia) 
*G090G6 (2015) 3G + WiFi (Canada)
*G090G7 (2015) 3G + WiFi (Japan) 
*G090KB (2015) WiFi 
*G090KC (2015) 3G + WiFi (Japan) 
*G090KE (2016) 3G + WiFi (International) White 
*G090KF (2016) 3G + WiFi (International) White 
*G090LK (2016) WiFi, 32GB (Japan) 
*G090LL (2016) WiFi, 32GB (Japan) White 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x000A
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;4gb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| ease up glued down front bezel rim panel gently, remove 11 screws underneath and lift screen up from bottom end - battery underneath -  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle PaperWhite 4 (2018) PW4
*G000PP, G8S0PP WiFi, 8GB
*G000T6, G8S0T6 WiFi, 32GB
*G000T1  WiFi+4G, 32GB
*G000T2  WiFi+4G, 32GB (Europe)
*G00102  WiFi, 8GB (India)
*G000T3  WiFi+4G, 32GB (Japan)
*G0016T, G8S16T WiFi, 8GB Twilight Blue
*G0016Q, G8S16Q WiFi, 32GB Twilight Blue
*G0016U  WiFi, 8GB Plum
*G0016V, G8S16V WiFi, 8GB Sage 
*G00103  WiFi, 32GB (India) 
*G0016R  WiFi, 32GB Plum
*G0016S  WiFi, 32GB Sage 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x000B
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;8gb or 32gb
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| Freescale/NXP i.MX6 SoloLite }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle Oasis 2 and 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;8gb or 32gb
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| NXP i.MX7D  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle Paperwhite 5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;8gb or 16gb
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| MediaTek MT8110  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle 11 Scribe 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;8gb or 16gb
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| MediaTek MT8113 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle Paperwhite 6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;16gb or 32gb
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle Paperwhite Gen 11 and 12 - Signature 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;16Gb or 32Gb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 account not blocked,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/Modos-Labs Modos Labs] open source e-ink 60Hz 75Hz caster controller and glider monitor 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xteink X3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.xteink.com Xteink X4] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 4.3in 220ppi no touchscreen so [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R7RuokaVauo buttons navigation] - 650mAh battery - micro-sd slot up to 512Gb covering epub, txt, and jpg in directories with [https://github.com/crosspoint-reader crosspoint reader] esp32 cpu custom rom firmware using [https://xteink.dve.al/ Flash website] on usb-c but no ecosystem store 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Access
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon D01400 Kindle Fire (1st Generation) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2010 too old }} android 2.3 and touchscreen digitizer fails often, battery SWE P/N 1002000004742 Model KC1 (EU) QP01 (US) 16.28whr, ti 257epl9l omap 4430 with elpida 88164b3pf-10-f88164b3pf or hynix,  mobo ??,, DAOKC1MB8F0 Rev F, ti aic3110 audio codec, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon Fire 7in X43260 X43Z60 2nd Gen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 untested FireOS Android 4 omap 4460 and PowerVR SGX540}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon Kindle Fire HD (3rd Gen) P48WVB4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon 
*Amazon Fire HD10 (2015) 
*Amazon Fire HD8 (2015)	
*Amazon Fire HD7 (2015)	(5th Generation) 7 inch 8GB SV98LN 
*Amazon Fire HD7 (2014)	
*Amazon Fire HD6 (2014) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|untested android 5.1 max}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
*Amazon Fire 10 (2017) 
*Amazon Fire 8 (2017) 7th Gen 8 inch SX034OT 
*Amazon Fire 7 (2017) (7th Generation) 7 inch 16GB (SR043KL) 
*Amazon Kindle Fire 7 (7th Generation) 7 inch 8GB WIFI Tablet (SR043KL) 
*Amazon Fire HD8 (2016)	
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| Android 5.1 max 7in screen resolution of 1024 x 600, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
*Amazon Fire 10/10+ (2021) 
*Amazon Fire 8/8+ (2020) 
*Amazon Fire 10 (2019) 
*Amazon Fire 7 (2019) 
*Amazon Kindle Fire 7 9th Gen 16GB M8S26G 
*Amazon Fire 8 (2018) 8th Gen 8 inch 32GB L5S83A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| android 9 max}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon 
*Amazon Fire HD 10 (2023)	
*Amazon Fire Max 11 (2023)	
*Amazon Fire 8 (2022)	
*Amazon Fire 7 (2022)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| android 11 max}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon Kindle Scribe 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Minimal Phone, Mudita Kompakt 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| eink }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bigme B751C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2022 android untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bigme B7 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bigme B6
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 android based color eink small - 300dpi b/w 150ppi color -}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bigme 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| e-ink }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bigme Hibreak Pro, Hisense A9
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| e-ink}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iFlyTech AINote 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iFlyTech AINote 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meebook 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Page Palma 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 android untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Leaf3C
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Go Color 7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 untested 7in e-ink e-reader android tablet }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx BooxTab Ultra X C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Note Max Air4 C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Leaf5C
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Poke6S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Go 10.3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox MC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| color e-ink 13.3in }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Go 10.3 (Gen 2) Lumi 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 b/w eink with front light, no EMR annd capacitance pen,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Moaan Pantone 6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;reMarkable 1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2021 untested but subscriptions needed for some features }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;reMarkable 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 untested but subscriptions needed for some features }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;reMarkable Paper Pro Move 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 untested but subscriptions needed for some features }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;reMarkable 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 untested but subscriptions needed for some features}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;reMarkable 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Supernote A5 X2 Manta
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Supernote A6 X2 Nomad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Supernote 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tolino Vision 2 3 4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tolino Epos2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Viwoods AI Paper and AI Paper Mini 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


==printer.class==

As the only printer driver that AROS supports natively is Postscript, our focus is on applications that generally output postscript formatted data for printing purposes. 
There has been an attempt at recent AirPrint support 

*Inkjet 


*Laser 


Start simple and then test every higher level...

* can if you ping your printer (the IP addy is good)?
* set up LPR/IPP to talk to that known good IP address.
* see if you can copy a few words of plain ASCII text to the IPP/LPR device (do you have a connection)?
* see if you can find a simple postscript file and then copy it to the IPP/LPR device.
* see if you can set up to print directly to the IPP/LPR device (set &quot;Output file&quot; to PRT: or LPR:).
* see if you can set up a PS printer config to the IPP/LPR device.
* go back and try the tests with the other driver (LPR or IPP).


See [http://www.irseesoft.de/tp_drive7.htm here] for compatibility with TP7 (TurboPrint 7) Last update 2004. Not tested under emulation. Janus-UAE, Emumiga, Amiberry etc 


usbparallel.device

untested with USB-&gt;Centronics - The printer.class is rather 'clever'. It remembers to which unit the printers were connected (until you reboot). So if you first plug in Printer1, it gets unit 0, and Printer2 gets unit 1. If you now remove both printers and replug Printer2, it still will get unit 1 and not 0. This is used not to confuse the programs using the different units (moreover, if some program uses the usbparallel.device unit of an USB printer, and the printer is unplugged, the device unit cannot be freed immediately as the application still keeps it open). 


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Beige cream D shape centronics end (Prolific chipset?) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Belkin F5U002v1 centronics end (chipset?) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Belkin F5U002VEA v2 centronics end (Prolific PL2305L chipset) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| DYNAMODE USB-C-PP-1284 USB to 36pin (Prolific 2305 chipset) 
| 0x067b
| 0x2305
| 0x02
| {{N/A|untested but similar to BAFO below}}
|-
| IOGear GUC1284B 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| My-Link (raised ellipse on centronics plastic end) (unknown chipset) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested but more expensive }}
|-
| NEWLink (Prolific chipset?) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Targus PA096E centronics end (chipset?) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| TRENDnet ware TU-P1284
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| True PnP (Prolific chipset 2305) cheap 36pin Centronics (series of ridges along both short sides) 
| 0x067b
| 0x2305
| 2.00
| {{N/A|untested on BAFO BF-1284 but reports of poor quality and lack of support on other OSs }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| Transparent See Through Blue 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested but possible poor quality build }}
|-
| Dynamode USB-PARALLEL 25pin female (prolific) 
| 0x067b
| 0x2305 
| 0x02 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| FDL USB to 25pin 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| PlusKom USB to 25pin female connector for printer (IEEE 1284) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| QinHeng Electronics (CH340S chipset) 
| 0x1a86
| 0x7584
| 
| {{N/A|untested curvy sides - flat top }}
|-
| StarTech 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Syba SD-USB-DB25 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}


Postscript interpreters (eg ghostscript) have been developed as a cheaper option which sit in between postscript data streams and non postscript printers.

Ghostscript has internal printer drivers

 gs -h

and with something like

 gs -sDEVICE=stcolor -r300 -sOutputFile=RAM:tempfile gs813:examples/tiger.ps
 copytopar ram:tempfile

It checks if in RAM: exists a outputfile (Cinnamon can export to PS postscript) then it sends this via copytopar to the printer. There was only support for parport (parallel) but Terminillis added support for USB and ethernet. A big issue with using ghostscript for drivers is that data has to originate as postscript (.PS) file.

 gs -dSAFER -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -sDEVICE=ljet4 -sOutputFile=RAM:tempfile RAM:file.pdf

the ljet4 output device generates PCL

also the pxlmono driver, which generates more generic PXL (PCL 6)

 gs -q -sstdout=%stderr -sDEVICE=pswrite -sOutputFile=- -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -dPARANOIDSAFER testpage-a4.ps &gt; test.pdf

 gs -q -sstdout=%stderr -sDEVICE=pxlmono -sOutputFile=- -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -dPARANOIDSAFER test.pdf &gt; test.pxl


Printers supported by ghostscript...Explanation [http://freebooks.by.ru/view/RedHatLinux6Unleashed/rhl6u151.htm here] or [http://www.gnu.org/software/ghostscript/devices.html here] and [http://pages.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/doc/printer.htm here]

&lt;pre&gt;
bit            cljet5          ljet4d          pjxl300         pxlcolor
bitcmyk        cljet5c         ljetplus        pkm             pxlmono
bitrgb         deskjet         nullpage        pkmraw          stp
bj10e          djet500         pbm             pksm            tiff12nc
bj200          epswrite        pbmraw          pksmraw         tiff24nc
bjc600         faxg3           pcx16           png16           tiffcrle
bjc800         faxg32d         pcx24b          png16m          tiffg3
bmp16          faxg4           pcx256          png256          tiffg32d
bmp16m         ijs             pcxcmyk         pnggray         tiffg4
bmp256         jpeg            pcxgray         pngmono         tifflzw
bmp32b         jpeggray        pcxmono         pnm             tiffpack
bmpgray        laserjet        pdfwrite        pnmraw          uniprint
bmpmono        lj5gray         pgm             ppm             x11
bmpsep1        lj5mono         pgmraw          ppmraw          x11alpha
bmpsep8        ljet2p          pgnm            psgray          x11cmyk
cdeskjet       ljet3           pgnmraw         psmono          x11gray2
cdj550         ljet3d          pj              psrgb           x11gray4
cdjcolor       ljet4           pjxl            pswrite         x11mono
cdjmono
&lt;/pre&gt;


==rawwrap.class - some old flatbed scanners supported==

Scandal is the MUI frontend to [http://www.ppa.pl/bugtracker/ Betascan Bugtracker] and [http://aminet.net/search?query=betascan Search for Betascan scanner drivers] derived from [http://www.sane-project.org/sane-backends.html sane backends] 


[http://www.sane-project.org/sane-backends.html#S-EPSON2 Epson2] 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Expression 1600 1640XL 1680 10000XL
| 0x04b8
| 0x0107 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Prefection 1200U, 1200 Photo, 
| 0x04b8
| 0x0104
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Perfection 1240U
| 0x04b8
| 0x010b
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{[https://amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?topic_id=45760&amp;forum=25 works]|Needs 24V 0.8A psu but in Trident, click on &quot;Classes&quot;, then on &quot;rawwrap.class&quot;, then on &quot;Configure&quot;. There, under &quot;Global&quot;, activate the Option &quot;Bind to Vendor/Unknown Interfaces&quot;. Now go to the second tab &quot;Default Interface&quot; and select/enter these values: 
Default usbraw.device Unit: 0
Exclusive access: Yes
Out NAK Timeout: 20000ms
In NAK Timeout: 20000ms
In Buffer Mode: No buffering
Buffer Size: 36 KB
Short Reads Terminate: Yes
Now click on &quot;Use as Default&quot; and select &quot;Devices&quot; on the left. There, click on your scanner and click on &quot;Class Scan&quot;. Now close Trident by clicking on &quot;Save&quot;. }}
|-
| Perfection 1640SU Photo
| 0x04b8
| 0x010a
| 0x0104
| {{yes|works, even the transparency unit}}
|-
| Perfection 1650 Photo, 1660 Photo, 3200 Photo
| 0x04b8
| 0x011c
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Perfection 2400 Photo, 2450 Photo 
| 0x04b8
| 0x011b 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Perfection 4870 Photo, 4990 Photo, 
| 0x04b8
| 0x0128
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Perfection V700 V750 Photo
| 0x04b8
| 0x012c
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Stylus CX2800 2900 3200 3500 3600 3650 3700 3800 3900

Stylus CX4100 4200 3500 4600 4700 4800 4900 500 5100 5200 5300 5400 5900
| 0x04b8 
| 0x0802 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Stylus Office BX300F USB 
| 0x04b8
| 0x0848
| 
| {{yes| works with good scan quality}}
|-
|}


[http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/ gt68xx] scanners based on the Grandtech GT-6801 and GT-6816 &quot;System-On-Chip&quot; scanner chipsets 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Artec Ultima 2000 and e+, Trust Flat Scan USB 19200 (ePlus2k.usb / Gt680xfw.usb) 
| 0x05d8
| 0x4002
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Genius Colorpage Vivid3x 4x 1200x
| 0x0458
| 0x2011 to 0x201f
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  (ccd548.fw)}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lexmark	X70	also X73 [http://subfusion.net/drivers/oslo3071b2.usb OSLO3071b2.usb]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x043d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x002d
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Medion/Lifetec/Tevion/Cytron MD/LT 9375 and Artec Ultima 2000, MD LT 9385 Gt680xfw.usb 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x05d8
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x4002
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| BearPaw 2448 CS and TA Plus [http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/firmware/A2Nfw.usb A2Nfw.usb]
| 0x055f
| 0x021a
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009  }}
|-
| Mustek BearPaw 1200 CS 
| 0x055f
| 0x021e
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  ([http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/firmware/A1fw.usb A1fw.usb])}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mustek 1200 CU Plus Scanner [http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend PS1Dfw.usb / SBSfw.usb]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2000 }}
|-
| Mustek ScanExpress 1200 UB plus, Trust Compact Scan USB 19200, ScanMagic 1200 UB Plus
| 0x05d8
| 0x4002 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  ([http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/firmware/sbfw.usb sbfw.usb])}}
|-
| Mustek ScanExpress 1248 UB aka PC-World PC Line PCL-3000 
| 0x055f
| 0x021f
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| ([http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/firmware/SBSfw.usb SBSfw.usb])}}
|-
| Mustek BearPaw 2400CS TA aka Goodmans GSC 12/24
| 0x055f
| 0x0218
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| (Transparency adapter untested) }}
|-
| BearPaw 2400 CS aka TA Plus
| 0x055f
| 0x0219
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  (Transparency adapter) }}
|-
| Packard Bell Diamond 1200 Plus
| 0x055f
| 0x021c or 0x021b 
| 0x0
| {{yes|works - [http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/ firmware required] but slow usb 1.1 speed with poor quality output (scanner fault not scandal)}}
|-
| Packard Bell Diamond 2400 Plus aka BearPaw 2400 CU Plus [http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/ PS2Dfw2.usb firmware rename to PS2Dfw.usb]
| 0x055f
| 0x021d 
| 1.00
| {{yes|works slow usb 1.1 speed with ok quality output (scanner fault not scandal)}}
|-
| Plustek OpticPro 1248U
| 0x07B3
| 0x0400 0x0401
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| (ccd548.fw)}}
|-
| Plustek OpticSlim 2400
| 0x07b3
| 0x0422
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  (cis3R5B1.fw)}}
|-
| Visioneer OneTouch 7300
| 0x04a7
| 0x0444
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  (Cis3r5b1.fw)}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mustek ScanEpress 1200 UB (Plus) clone [http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/ use mustek_usb backend]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x055f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0006
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


Lexmark - needs testing
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Lexmark X1110 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Lexmark X1140
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Lexmark X1150 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Lexmark X1170 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Lexmark X1180 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Lexmark X1185
| 0x043d
| 0x007c
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Lexmark X12xx 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested in USB1.1, not fully tested in USB2.0}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Dell A920 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


HP - no driver
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| HP ScanJet 4100C
| 0x03f0 
| 0x0101
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| HP ScanJet 5200C
| 0x03f0 
| 0x0401
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| HP ScanJet 62X0C
| 0x03f0 
| 0x0201
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| HP ScanJet 63X0C
| 0x03f0 
| 0x0601
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| HP  
| 0x03f0
| 0x0102, 0x0105, 0x0205, 0x0305, 0x0405
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| HP
| 0x03f0
| 0x0705, 0x0805, 0x0901, 0x0a01
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| HP
| 0x03f0
| 0x1205, 0x1305, 0x2005, 0x2205
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


Plustek [http://www.sane-project.org/sane-backends.html#S-PLUSTEK LM983x] - no driver
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Plustek OticPro U12 UT12 UT16 U24 UT24
| 0x07B3
| 0x0010 to 0x0017
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| KYE/Genius Colorpage HR6-V2 HR6A HR7 HR7LE HR6X
| 0x0458
| 0x2008 to 0x2016 
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Hewlett-Packard ScanJet 2100C and 2200C
| 0x03F0
| 0x0505 and 0x0605
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Mustek BearPaw 1200 and 2400 
| 0x0400 	
| 0x1000 and 0x1001
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| UMAX 3400/3450 and 5400 	
| 0x1606
| 0x0050, 0x0060 and 0x0160 
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Epson Perfection 1250 and 1260
| 0x04B8
| 0x010f and 0x011d
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| CANON CanoScan N650/656U N1220U D660U N670/676U N1240U LIDE20 LIDE25 LIDE30
| 0x04A9
| 0x2206 to 0x2220
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


[http://snapscan.sourceforge.net/ SnapScan] - no driver
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Acer Benq 310U, 320U, 340U
| 0x4a5
| 0x0
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Acer Benq 620U, 620UT, 640U, 640UT
| 0x4a5
| 0x20
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Acer Benq 1240 3300 4300
| 0x4a5
| 0x020
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Agfa SnapScan e10 e20 e25 e26 e40 e42 e50 e52
| 0x06bd
| 0x20
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Epson Perfection 660
| 0x04b8
| 0x0114
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Epson Perfection 1270 1670
| 0x04b8
| 0x0
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Epson Perfection 2480 2580
| 0x04b8
| 0x0
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Epson Perfection 3490 3590
| 0x04b8
| 0x0
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Mitsubishi
| 0x0
| 0x0
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}

==hub.class (self-powered and external ac powered hubs)==

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Dynamode USB-H41 4 ports 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Belkin 4 Port 
| 
| 
| 
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| Conrad
| 
| 
| 
| {{yes|[http://www.a1k.org/forum/showthread.php?t=11432 works on a1k forum] }}
|-
| DLink DUB-H4 AC Adapter 
| 0x05e3
| 0x0608
| High 0200
| {{maybe|WARNING Genesys Logic Hub Broken - Will cause failures with USB}}
|-
| [http://service.targa.co.uk/faq.php?lang_id=2&amp;baseid=178&amp;artdesc=SilverCrest+USB+Hub+2040&amp;artid=760&amp;artpic=silvercrestHUB2040.jpg SilverCrest 4-port slim USB 2.0 HUB - HUB2040 (40775) - Targa GmbH]
| 0x05e3
| 0x0608
| 0901
| {{yes|works  Genesys Logic, Inc., [http://service.targa.co.uk/dokumente/USB_HUB_2040_0109_manual_EN.pdf Manual]}}
|-
| Skymaster
| 0x05e3
| 0x0605
| 060B
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| No Name active 4-port
| 0x1a40
| 0x0101
| 0111
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thinkpad USB 3.0 Dock DU9019D1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17e9
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x4302
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0014
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|works a bit}} classed as dfu.class with two further USB 2.0 hubs - USB 3.0 ports detected and work (2.0 backwards compatibility) - DisplayLink DL-3900 with VIA VL811 chipset - usb ethernet not working - two dvi not working - 20V psu 2a (40w) with a 5.5 - 2.5mm tip (no bus power) - data through a-b printer/scanner usb lead - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


==Internet==

===rndis.class USB Tethering ===

The rndis class provides support for Ethernet access over Remote NDIS. Most USB based devices should be supported including smartfones.

Before opening Network Prefs, activate USB Tethering on the Smartfon, on Network prefs, type in usbrndis.device and tick &quot;Start Network during system boot&quot; and saved the configuration, the Connection is immediate no reboot is needed.

When restart AROS my Smartphone deactivates the connection and to access the network again, have to reactivate it before starting the browser.

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alcatel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|untested}}
|- 
| Huawei U8800
| 0x12d1
| 0x1039
| 
| {{yes|works}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Huawei
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|untested}}
|- 
| HTC (Android phone)
| 0x0bb4
| 0x0ffe
| 
| {{Yes|any android phone with usb tethering option}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nokia 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|untested}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Oppo 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|untested}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung Galaxy 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|untested}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iPhone
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft winPhone
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


===USB &amp;rarr; ethernet lan adaptor===

*2002 playstation 2 usb1.1 era - a little support but very old and slow 
*2006 wii asix era - a little support but very much miss than hit 
*2026 usb0: or eth0: of CDC Ethernet protocol (cdcether) with Ethernet Control Model (ECM) and [https://www.usb.org/document-library/class-definitions-communication-devices-12 others like Wireless Mobile Communication Devices WMC] and later CDC EEM (Ethernet Emulation Model) and NCM (Network Control Model) are USB Communication Device Class (CDC) protocols packing more Ethernet traffic over every USB bundle. For CDC Ethernet - NCM is better than EEM is better than ECM 


* USB1.1 Up to 010 meg broadband (1.25MBytes/s) - ADM8511, DM9601 poor speeds 
* USB2.0 Up to 400 meg broadband (60MBytes/s) - MCS7830, AX88772 a little especially the 2010 apple version but buy many as very very poor odds of working one 
* USB3.0 Over 400 meg broadband (60+MBytes/s) - not supported at the moment 


SANA (Standard Amiga Network Architecture) to usb 

ADMtek Infineon ADM8511 Pegasus II (USB 1.1 and 10Mbit/s - Sony PlayStation 2 network adapter) 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| 3Com 3c460b 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2001 }}
|-
| Abocom UFE1000 / Abocom DSB650TX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Accton USB320-EC / Accton SpeedStream Ethernet
| 0x083a
| 0x0320
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{unk|2002 }}
|-
| AEI USB Fast Ethernet / Allied Telesyn AT-USB100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2002 }}
|-
| ATEN UC-110T
| 0x0557
| 0x4000
|
| {{unk|2001 }}
|-
| BAFO USB To Ethernet Adapter BF-310
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2001 }}
|-
| Belkin F5D5050 v1 1101 
| 0x050D
| 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{maybe|2002 sometimes works from old amiga.org post which is now removed}}
|-
| Belkin F5D5050 v2 2101
| 0x050D
| 0x0121
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{no|2006 does not works}} 
|-
| Belkin F5U122-PC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Billionton USB-100 / Billionton USBLP-100
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Billionton USBEL-100 / Billionton USBE-100
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Compex LinkPort/UE202A
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| D-Link DSB-H3ETX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| D-Link DSB-650 / D-Link DSB-650TX / D-Link DSB-650TX-PNA
| 0x2001
| 0x4000
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| D-Link DU-E10 / D-Link DU-E100
| 0x2001
| 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Edimax USB Ethernet Adapter EU-4201 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Elsa AG MicroLink USB2 Lan Ethernet adapter
| 0x05cc
| 0x3000
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.01
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| GetNet
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| GIGABYTE GN-BR402W Wireless Router
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Goodway Fellowes USB UE-120 REV:V1 UE120 ADMTek 1011594 HO2419741 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07a6
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0986
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0001
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|2001 USB Specification 1.1 compliant}} 
|-
| GWC Tech USB Ethernet Adapter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Hawking UF100
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| HP HN210E / I/O DATA USB ETTX / Kingston KNU101TX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Jinco USB Ethernet Adapter 10/100 Base-T UE-110
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Kouwell USB to Ethernet 588A
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Linksys USB10T / TA / TX
| 0x066b
| 0x2202
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|untested - possible peg1/peg2}}
|-
| Linksys (Cisco) USB100TX / H1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Logitec LAN-TX/U1 H2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| [http://www.mayflash.com/psps2/ps2024/ps2024.htm Mayflash PS2024] Playstation2 compatible clone of Proxim/Farallon NetLine?
| 0x07a6
| 0x8511
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.01
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|works with DHCP router option on old 32bit distros but not on newer 64bit, best to go asixeth apple 2010 but buy many of them as poor success rate i.e. a lottery}}
|-
| Netgear FA101
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Philips CPWUE01/00 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Planet UE-9500 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| PlayStation 2 SCPH-10000 50000 models 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Proxim (formerly Farallon) NetLine USB PN796-650
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Siemens SpeedStream USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| SOHOware NUB100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| SMC EZNET-USB 2202USB/ETH / SMC 2206USB/ETH
| 0x0707
| 0x0100 0x0200 0x0201
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{unk|untested but should work very well }}
|-
| Surecom EP-1427X 100/10M
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Target USB to 10/100M Fast Ethernet Converter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trendnet TU-ET100C
| 0x07a6
| 0x8511 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0
| {{yes| sometimes works well, very stable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Digitus USB NIC DN-3016-A 
| 0x07a6
| 0x8513
| 1.01
| {{unk|untested new chipset }}
|-
| Digitus lanusb ADM8515
| 0x07a6
| 0x8515
| 1.01
| {{unk|untested because new chipset }}
|-
| VE285 usblan ADMtek 8515 
| 0x07a6
| 0x8515
| 1.01
| {{no|not working as new chipset }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


Davicom DM9601 eth (USB 1.1 and up to 10Mbit/s) 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Davicom USB-100 see clone below 
| 0x0a46
| 0x9601
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2001 }}
|-
| [http://wiki.maemo.org/USB_to_ethernet_networking chinese translucent transparent crystal blue] but variants are also found in clear, white and black. Just over 6&amp;nbsp;cm long. 
| 0x0a46
| 0x9601
| 0x0
| {{yes|2002 success can be sporadic so technically okay, but lacking in reliability. Out of 4 tested by me, only 2 worked. One case cracked open. }}
|-
| Corega FEther USB-TXC
| 0x07aa
| 0x9601
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Dynamode USB-NIC-1427-100
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Hirose USB-100
| 0x0a47
| 0x9601
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| KY-RS9600
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|[http://www.amiga.org/forums/showpost.php?p=585358&amp;postcount=12 works] }}
|-
| ShanTou ST268 USB NIC
| 0x0a46
| 0x0268
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| ZT6688 USB NIC 
| 0x0a46
| 0x6688
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ICS Advent DM9601 USB 2.0 10/100M Ethenet Adaptor JP1081B 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0FE6
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x9700
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0101
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|not working 32bit and 64bit - USB 1.1 10M ethernet}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


MosChip MCS7830 (USB 2)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Digitus DN-10050
| 0x9710
| 0x7830
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2004 }}
|-
| Edimax [http://www.edimax.co.uk/images/Image/datasheet/USB/EU-4206/EU-4206.pdf EU-4206]
|
| 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2005 }}
|-
| Speed Dragon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| STLabs 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| StarTech Compact USB2105S [http://www.kustompcs.co.uk/acatalog/info_6790.html USB2106S]
| 0x9710
| 0x7830
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007 }}
|-
| Sunrich Technologies [http://www.st-lab.com/admin/upfile/UploadFile/manual/manual(u-250).zip U-250]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2006 }}
|-
| Syba 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MCS 7832 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2008 }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


* USB2 [https://www.asix.com.tw/en/product/USBEthernet Asix Ethernet] AX88178A, AX88772C, AX88772B, AX88772A (wii), AX88172A 
* USB3 AX88179A, AX88179  

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| AirLink101 AGIGAUSB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009  AX88172}}
|-
| ATEN UC210T 
| 0x0557
| 0x2009
| 0x
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| AX88172}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Billionton Systems USB2AR
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x08dd
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x90ff
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Buffalo LUA-U2-KTX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0411
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x003d
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;corega FEther USB2-TX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07aa
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0017
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no| }}
|-
| D-Link DUB-E100 up to rev A4
| 0x2001
| 0x1a00
| 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;D-Link DUB-E100 rev B1 onwards 
| 0x07d1 or 0x2001 
| 0x3c05
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|AX88172 works on Deneb with [http://amigax.com/2010/02/21/usb-ethernet-speed-test-amigaos-4-0-classic/ Amiga OS4 Classic] and [http://www.a1k.org/forum/showthread.php?t=11432 on a1k] }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;goodway corp USB gwusb2e
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1631
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x6200
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hawking UF200 
| 0x07b8
| 0x420a 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[Linksys USB200M] 
| 0x077b
| 0x2226
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|[http://www.amiga.org/forums/showpost.php?p=585601&amp;postcount=20 works] }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Netgear FA120 
| 0x0846 
| 0x1040
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested 2002 10/100 Rev.B1&quot; is silkscreened on the board of the device populating this entry (S/N: FA12254CB100409, date code 0508). This device may be manuf. by [http://www.cameo.com.tw/ Cameo] &quot;AX88172 L&quot;, &quot;F05040157&quot;, and &quot;ED3&quot; Chip1 ASIX AX88172  Chip2 Realtek RTL8201BL}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intellinet
| 0x0b95 
| 0x1720
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JVC MP-PRX1 Port Replicator
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x04f1
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3008
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ST Lab USB Ethernet
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1720
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sitecom LN-029 &quot;USB 2.0 10/100 Ethernet adapter&quot;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x6189
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x182d
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Surecom EP-1427X-2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1189
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0893
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TrendNet TU2-ET100 v2
| 0x07b8
| 0x420a 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|version 2}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;A-LINK NA1GU 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 88772}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AirLink101 ASOHOUSB Wii 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AirLive EtherWe-1000U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;APPLE AX88772 Model No. A1277 MC704LL/A P/N 825-7098-A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x05ac 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1402
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2008  usb2, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;APPLE Model No. A1277 (MB442Z/A 0885909217434) MC704ZM/A PN 825-7579-A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x05ac 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1402
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|2010 model, usb2 and controller AX88772 where prehaps 1in3 units working with owb - really poor odds i.e. a lottery, could be situation where various ethernet phy chipsets are used - press Use in network prefs after Save initial setup typing in usbasixeth.device, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ASIX AX88772 bulbous casing 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7720 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|2008 works on 32bit and 64bit though setup can take a few attempts but may have issues with phy ethernet chip changing,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Datel Wii Lan Adapter DUS0204 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EdiMax EU-4207 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Goodway HE2230 Maplin ASIX 88772 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intec LAN G5626 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;LevelOne USB-0202
| 0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x07720
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;LevelOne USB-0301
| 0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x07720
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Linksys USB200M Rev 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x13b1
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0018
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|2008 sparsely randomly working AX88772 or with &quot;Sana-II Meter Tool 37.11&quot; network monitoring program, showing continuous &quot;Bad Packet&quot; errors which could means &quot;CRC&quot; errors}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Linksys USB300M 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|2009 AX88772  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash W001 or clones Lupo/PEGA S-Wii-0680 light gray rectangular with third of one top 45 degree angled slope
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7720 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| may have randomly changed phy ethernet chips, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Max Value MVF00446 ASIN B006EG568A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7720 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|Trident prefs recognises as AX88772 sometimes works on 32bit and 64bit}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NEWLink N14050 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NEWLink Wii-ETH USB2.0
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nintendo Wii LAN Adaptor 2110566 and clones 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x07720
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|Poseidon recognises as AX88772 with usbasixeth.device sometimes works seems different ethernet phy chips can be matched affecting compatibility}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nyko Wii Net Connect 87024
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|[http://www.amiga.org/forums/showpost.php?p=585624&amp;postcount=22 works] }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;0Q0 cable ethernet
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1557
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7720
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Plugable USB2-E100 (2009/2010) Bulbous housing 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7720 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|Trident prefs recognises it as ax88772A and typing in usbasixeth.device sometimes works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sabrent KINAMAX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SpeedLink SL-3401-SGY 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TrendNet TU2-ET100 v3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UGreen 20254 USB2 to 10/100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| AX88772}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Afunta Apple-style White USB2.0 I/O Crest SY-ADA24005 ASIX Electronics Corp. AX88772A Fast Ethernet Adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x772a
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|usbasixeth.device accepted by network prefs but does not work}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon Basics USB 2.0 AX88772A
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Digitus DN-10050-1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x772a
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Edimax EU-4230  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x772a
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sabrent KINAMAX NT-USB20 AX88772A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; AX88772B USB 2.0 to 10/100M 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EdiMax EU-4208 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x772b
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Detected but not working}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech USB2100 ASIX AX88772C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.asix.com.tw/en/product/USBEthernet/High-Speed_USB_Ethernet/AX88772D AX88772D]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1790
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.asix.com.tw/en/product/USBEthernet/High-Speed_USB_Ethernet/AX88772E AX88772E]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AX88178 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2004 }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Plugable USB2-E1000 i.e. USB 2.0 to Gigabit Ethernet 10/100/1000 LAN 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 ASIX AX88178 Controller and Realtek RTL8211CL PHY}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AX88178A USB 2.0 to 10/100/1000M Gigabit Ethernet controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2005 }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AmazonBasics USB3.0 adapter [https://github.com/nothingstopsme/AX88179_178A_Linux_Driver AX88179] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cable Matters SuperSpeed USB 3.0 RJ45 adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hori Nintendo Switch 1 USB3 ethernet AX88179 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1790
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2017 AX88179 not binding to asixeth.class }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Plugable USB3-E1000  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1790
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2020 ASIX AX88179 not binding to class, USB 3.2 Gen1 to Gigabit Ethernet controller with integrated 10/100/1000Mbps Gigabit Ethernet PHY}}  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Plugable AX88179 = [https://plugable.com/products/usb3-e1000-deal USB3-E1000] before mid-2023 or USB3-E1000; AX88179A = USBC-E1000 after mid-2023
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022  controller is AX88179 phy is ??, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech USB31000SPTW ax88179 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1790
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no| AX88179 not binding to asixeth.class, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech USB31000NDS AX88179 USB-A
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech US1GC301AU AX88179 USB-c
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech US1GC30B2 AX88179A USB-c
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech USB32000SPT AX88179A USB-c Rev 1 (AX88179) Rev 2 (AX88179A) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;USB32000SPT the Lot code sticker will have a bar code accompanied by a 10 digit number. The 5th and 6th digits of this lot code number would signify the revision. (Ex. xxxx02xxxx which would indicate rev. 2)
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SYBA SY-ADA24029 Gigabit AX88179 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }} may depend on the PHY chip connected to the controller chipset
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TP-Link UE306 AX88179 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TeckNet® Orico UL677G 10/100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TeckNet® UL688G USB 3.0 10/100/1000 Base-T Ethernet port 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;AX88179 178A 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tecknet UL699G 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TrendNet TU2-ET100 v6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07b8
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|no support }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;uGreen 50922 USB3-A to 100/1000 dark grey rounded barrels 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no| ax88179 not binding to asixeth.class, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UGreen USB3-C to 100/1000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1790
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;uGreen CR111 20256 usb3 a black plastic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| AX88179}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;  AX88179A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Plugable USB3-E1000 USBC-E1000 after mid-2023 i.e. AX88179A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech USB31000SPTB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1790
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  AX88179A USB-A, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;  AX88179B
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


==USB  &amp;rarr; SerialPort Converter==

*2002 some support for early revisions of PL2303 
*2005 Prolific PL2303H PL-2303X and Pl-2303HX (same usb ids as pl2303) no support 
*2025 FTDI 232R [https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=1135&amp;highlight=232r&amp;rowstart=20 work in progress] 
*2026 CDC-ACM i.e. Serial port over USB standard 

serialpl2303.class make sure you specify serialpl2303.device or Echo &quot;Test&quot; &gt;SER1: 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| ATEN UC-232A 
| 0x0557 
| 0x2008 
| Full 0x0300
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| IOGear GUC232A 
| 0x0557  
| 0x2008 
| Full 0x0110
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Alcatel 
| 0x11f7 
| 0x02df 
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| BAFO BF-810 
| 0x067B  
| 0x2303 
| 0x0
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Belkin F5U103 
| 0x
| 0x
| 0x0
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Davibe SP611 
| 0x067B 
| 0x2303 
| 0x0 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Dcu10 
| 0x0731
| 0x0528
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Elcom 
| 0x056e
| 0x5003
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| IOData 
| 0x04bb 
| 0x0a03 
| 0x0
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Itegno 
| 0x0eba
| 0x1080
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Nokia CA42 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Radioshack 
| 0x1453
| 0x4026
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Ratoc 
| 0x0584
| 0xb000
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Samsung 
| 0x04e8
| 0x8001
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Siemens DCA-510 
| 0x067B 
| 0x2303 
| 0x0 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Sitecom CN104
| 0x6189
| 0x2068
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Sitecom CN116 
| 0x6189
| 0x2068
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Some Cut Ma620 
| 0x0df7
| 0x0620
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Speed Dragon Multimedia MS3303H 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Syntech 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tripp 
| 0x2478
| 0x2008
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Airlink101 AC-USBS
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Belkin F5U103v
| 0x067B  
| 0x2303 
| 0x0
| {{no|no driver }}
|- 
| Dynamode U232-P9
| 0x067B
| 0x2303
| 300
| {{no| no driver [http://koti.mbnet.fi/lonnberg/pl2303x.html linux patch] and using lsusb -v -d 067b:2303 gave bMaxPacketSize as 64 - pl2303x }}
|- 
| Konig CABLE-146/2 USB to RS232 
| 0x067b
| 0x2303
| 400
| {{no|no driver }}
|-
| MANHATTAN 205146 USB to Serial Converter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver }}
|- 
| Sabrent SBT-USC1M
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trendnet TU-59
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Unbranded black case and lead USB 232 Converter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x067B
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2303
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0300
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
|}


[http://www.ftdichip.com/index.html Future Technology Devices International Ltd FTDI]-FT232R.class [https://ftdichip.com/software-examples/code-examples/c-builder/ FTProg src], [http://rtr.ca/ft232r/ ft232r src], [https://ftdichip.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/DS_FT232R.pdf FT232R datasheet], [], 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0403
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x6001 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1GE-gKgHxZI beware of cheap clones fake with s/n A50285BI SN]
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lynx Astro FTDI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0403
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} FT232R 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sabrent CB-FTDI
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0403
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{no|no driver TTL-232R cables use FTDI's [http://n1mm.hamdocs.com/tiki-index.php?page=USB+Interface+Devices FT232RQ ic device] }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Startech.com 1 Port FTDI USB to Serial RS232 DB9M Adapter Cable with COM Retention ICUSB2321F 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0403
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} FT232RL Chipset
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech.com 2 Port FTDI USB to Serial RS232 Adapter Cable ICUSB2322F
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0403
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} FTDI FT2232D Chipset
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} FT232RL is the SSOP-28 and the FT232RQ is the QFN-32 package option 
|}


[https://www.onetransistor.eu/2017/08/ch341a-mini-programmer-schematic.html ch341a.class] 

*I2C EEPROMS (3.3V and 5V) compatible and also SPI FLASH memories (3.3V devices) making sure 1.8V is covered  
*each having their own [https://winraid.level1techs.com/t/guide-how-to-use-a-ch341a-spi-programmer-flasher-with-pictures/33041 4x2 connection blocks] using [https://github.com/flashrom/flashrom flashrom] 

 sudo flashrom --programmer ch341a_spi -r backup.bin
 sudo flashrom --programmer ch341a_spi -w &lt;new bios name&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Jiangsu QinHeng Ltd CH341A emulate UART communication, standard parallel port, memory parallel port and synchronous serial (I2C, SPI) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1A86
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x5512
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;QinHeng USB2.0-Serial HL-340 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1A86
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7523
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0252
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|}


==simplemidi.class and CAMD==

Currently support includes 

* simplemidi.class SimpleMidi maps some keyboard keys to corresponding computer keys as used by music trackers to emulate a musical keyboard 
* camdusbmidi.class follows the rules of the m68k implementation of Commodore's CAMD midi specification and usb class compliant 

for 

* usb host like a computer, pi, etc 
* usb device controllers - keyboards, drum machines, djay turntables, grooveboxes, etc 
* interfaces - cables or boxes which convert usb to 5pin DIN plug midi 


What is needed is a fully class-compliant '''brand name''' USB MIDI keyboard, especially manufactured in the last 15 years are best 

*Arturia
*Novation
*M-Audio
*Akai

Plugging this in one of your USB ports, the camd.library will make the keyboard's MIDI IN/OUT ports available in the system. 

Then select the keyboard's MIDI IN port (known as a &quot;cluster&quot; in CAMD) for input, and the software instrument's cluster as output 


ShowCluster (shows midi ports available in and out)

MidiWatch (usually port usbmidi.in.0 less often usbmidi.out.0) (Ctrl-C to end output stream) 
 usbmidi.in.0 Message on channel 01, NoteOn  90  39  08  00
 usbmidi.in.0 Message on channel 01, NoteOff 80  39  00  00

MidiThru (forwards messages from one port to another)
 run &gt;nil: c:midithru usbmidi.out.0 usbmidi.out.2 

MidiSendC (sends a middle C to a specific port)


Midi Controller + Sound Module (together aka as a synth) -&gt; Audio Output 


The difference between midi and midi over USB is that in old school Midi the transmitter transmits whenever it wants and the receiver always has to be prepared to receive data. Easy to do at the rate of a 1990's modem speed these days.

USB over midi.. turns midi into a polled protocol.. So the USB host (typically the computer) has to ask &quot;do you have anything for me&quot; before the remote will send. If the USB host gets busy doing other things or there is a lot of things on the USB bus to get polled, you can get delays.

For its age midi is still a great protocol for music

* [https://www.usb.org/sites/default/files/midi10.pdf USBIF's &quot;USB Device Class Definition for MIDI Devices&quot; document, version 1.0 from Nov 1, 1999]
* [https://www.usb.org/sites/default/files/USB%20MIDI%20v2_0.pdf MIDI v2.0 from 2020 which AROS still needs, adds support for MIDI 2.0, MIDI-CI, and Universal MIDI Packet] 

Nearly all synthesizers now use the 16 MIDI channels available on a MIDI bus in one instrument alone, requiring multiple MIDI busses in a typical setup with more than
one MIDI instrument. In addition, by handling multiple &quot;virtual&quot; cables, USB offers a solution to go beyond MIDI's 16-channel limit. 

MIDI data is transferred over USB using 32-bit USB-MIDI Event Packets. These packets provide an efficient method to transfer multiple MIDI streams with fixed length messages. The 32-bit USB-MIDI Event Packet allows multiple &quot;virtual MIDI cables&quot; routed over the same USB endpoint. This approach minimizes the number of required endpoints. It also makes parsing MIDI events easier by packetizing the separate bytes of a MIDI event into one parsed USB-MIDI event. 


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;25%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |CAMD
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Computer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|which acts as USB midi host to get all usb devices talking together}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hobbytronics usb host standalone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;bomebox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://neuma.studio/rpi-as-midi-host/ raspberry pi] with several midi interface(s) and linux scripting 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kenton MIDI USB Host mk3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;25%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |CAMD
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acorn Instruments Masterkey 49 device 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 untested usb powered 5V regulated - similar keybed to keystation 49es but unplug then re-plug the USB cable while it is powered the device might reconnect 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai SynthStation 25 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 - sticky rubber keys - usb 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai MPK Mini Laptop Production Keyboard 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x09e8
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x007c
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected and camd usb to use, not tested with apps}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 25 mini key self powered by mini USB lead - sustain port - no top left corner joystick - tested icaros 2.3 -  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai LPK25 LPK37 LPK49 Laptop Production Keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 untested velocity sensitive mini keys with synth action - weak mini USB port - latency issues -  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Professional APC Key 25 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai MPK49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 untested 49 key 49-key full-sized, semi-weighted keyboard with aftertouch - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AKAI Max25 MAX49 control keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Professional MPK249 MPK261 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 USB2 USB-b - full keys semi-weighted aftertouch - midi in out - sustain and peddle port 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Professional Advance 49
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai MPK Mini MKII MK2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 untested USB2 USB-b midi connection only - 4 way thumb joystick top left - 25 tiny keys - velocity drum pads - plastic build quality - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AKAI Professional APC Key 25 MK2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai MPK Mini Play
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 untested USB2 USB-b midi connection only - synth basic samples - class compliant? - small led display top centre - 25 mini keys - press and hold the &quot;Prog Select&quot; button then use the &quot;Program&quot; knob to assign a MIDI channel - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai MPK Mini 3 MKIII MK3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x09E8
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1049 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected audio class and bindings with camdusbmidi.class -  - midi in out untested - }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 USB2 USB-b midi controller connection no 5pin legacy - small led display top centre - 25 mini keys goofy uneven feel of the akai keyboards - press and hold the &quot;Prog Select&quot; button and press pad 1 to 8 to assign a MIDI channel - tested on AROS One 2.4 usb
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Force / MPC One 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Pro MPK Mini Plus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 untested 37 mini keys - class compliant device - usb-b bus powered only with 5pin midi in and out - Shift and Global for Midi Ch - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Pro Ableton Push Mk 1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Professional MPC Key 37 49 61 midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 untested USB2 usb-b
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Photon PH-25 X25 Midi &amp; USB keyboard/synth
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 midi keyboard controller  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Q25 Q49 Q61 Q88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Coda Pro Portable 88-Key Digital Piano USB MIDI Keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis V25 V49 V61 midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis V Mini 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis VI49 VI61 midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis VX49 VX61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 1 5-pin MIDI input, 1 5-pin MIDI output, 1 USB port,
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Q25 Q49 Q61 Mk2 MKII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Recital 88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis V25 V49 V61 MK2 MKII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Qmini portable 32-key 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;audiothingies MicroMonsta 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 untested synth - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;audiothingies MicroMonsta 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019  synth - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia Analog Experience “The Player” USB MIDI Master Keyboard Model APE25
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 usb-b bus powered - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniLab Mk1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe class complaint 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniLab MkII Mk2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe class complaint 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia Keystep 32 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 untested 32 mini keys  usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia KeyLab 61 88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 untested hammer-action Fatar keybed - reset Press and hold Oct + and Oct – buttons then insert the USB cable - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniLab mkII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2209 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected audio class and bindings with camdusbmidi.class -  - midi in out untested - }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 USB2 usb-b bus power - metal base heavier than most - Shift and press a key to select the MIDI Channel - To reset to original factory, unplug the USB cable, hold down the Oct- and Oct + buttons, plug the USB cable back in and continue to hold the buttons until the pads turn white - need software to change parameters like velocity sensitive assistance - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia KeyLab MK2 MKII 61 88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 untested hammer-action Fatar keybed 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MicroFreak
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 hybrid digital/analog synthesis, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PeYIAfn3UMs Arturia Minilab 3] [https://www.youtube.com/shorts/chj1WgMupGw ] [https://www.youtube.com/shorts/FMVdfhzg1Dw ]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 untested usb-c bus powered - 25 mini keys semi - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia Keystep Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniLab 3 Mk3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe class complaint 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniFreak
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia KeyLab Essential 49 61 88 mk3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 untested usb-c and 1 midi out - lack of aftertouch - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia AstroLab 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia KeyLab MK3 MKIII 61 88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 untested hammer-action Fatar keybed 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer UMX61
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-Control UMX490 UMX610 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-Control 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Swing 32-Key
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer MOTOR 49 - 49-Key USB/MIDI Master Controller Keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative EMU Xboard 25 E-MU X-Board 49 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CME M-Key Mkey 49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 stops sending MIDI on a regular basis. The simplest &quot;fix&quot; is to flip it off and on via the power switch at the back
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CME Ukey U-Key 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CME Xkey 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 low-profile aluminium  full size pressure sensitive with polyphonic aftertouch but keys make too much noise and that they can be too sensitive to velocity - low power draw 25ma 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CME M-Key 49 V2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 simplified version of the U-key Mobiltone 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CME XKEY AIR 37
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;cme xkey 37 le
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{ | }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Donner Spaceline DMK-25 Donnerdeal Rantion 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Donner DMK25 PRO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  25 mini velocity keys with limited aftertouch - usb-c powered - 8 drum pads - 3.5mm &quot;midi out&quot; socket - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{ | }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elektron Digitakt 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 expensive later midi usb class compliant with since 1.5 Update
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elecktron Digitone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elektron Digitone Keys 37-key Digital FM Synthesizer
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 expensive 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elektron Analog Four MKII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elektron Octatrak MKII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{ | }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI keycontrol 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI keycontrol 49+ 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI keycontrol 25xt
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2702 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2702
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected and usb driver working}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 bus powered or 12v 0.5a dc in - metal base so heavy - midi out 5pin - sustain pedal port - modulation slider - rubber coated knobs becomes sticky - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI keycontrol 49xt 61xt 88xt 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2702
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 12v 0.5a center pin +ve external psu required - USB i/o and 1 legacy 5pin out - full sized keys - heavy aluminium case keyboard metal base - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Evolution MK-125 MK-149
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 9v 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Evolution MK-225C MK-249C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 9v 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Evolution USB/Midi Controller MK-425C MK-449C MK-461C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|25, 49, 61 keys -  }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006  9V or 12V - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IK Multimedia iRig Keys Pro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 37 full keys 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IK Multimedia iRig Keys Pro Mobile
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 25 or 37 mini keys 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IK Multimedia iRig Keys 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 mini velocity keys no aftertouch - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IK Multimedia iRig Keys 2 PRO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 full velocity keys no aftertouch - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IK Multimedia iRig Keys 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kawai VPC 1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; weighted keys - heavy build - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keith McMillen Instruments K-Board
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; omni class compliant to all channels? each keypad makes them velocity, pressure, and location sensitive but  not really suited for piano playing 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keith McMillen  BopPad
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; omni class compliant to all channels? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg NanoKontrol 1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;mini usb
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg Prophecy 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;KORG microKONTROL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg microKEY 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 velocity-sensitive Natural Touch keys but  joystick is an alternative to the common pitch/modulation wheel design - power draw - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg nanoKey nanoPad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg Taktile 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg microKEY2 25 37 49 61 USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|2015 untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 USB powered - semi weighted - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg MiniList 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg MinKey nanoPad nanoPad 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg Nautilus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kurzweil PC3 7 series - Artis 7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;fatar TP-8 semi-weighted action  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kurzweil PC1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kurzweil PC3 A8
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Line 6 Mobile keys 25
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Line 6 POD Studio KB37 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Line 6 Tone Port KB37 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Midiman (later M-Audio) Oxygen8 Ozone Ozonic 25 32 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no|not class compliant - untested 5pin legacy }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 2004 - 25 full keys - slider/fader to left of lcd display - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;m-audio oxygen keystation (61 key) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio eKeys 37 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Axiom 25, 49, 61
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 bus powered and 12v psu - if sliders/faders are on right - legacy midi 5pin - chunky unit -
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Oxygen 8v2, 49, 61 (silver) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 full size velocity sensitive 12v psu - sending random pitchbend info - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Keystation 37e 49e, 61e MK1 MKI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 - ok key action - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Keystation 37es 49se 61es, 88es MK1 MKI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Oxygen 25/49/61/88 (blue) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 [https://m-audio.com/products/view/oxygen-25-legacy advised Class-compliant and GM/GM2/XG SysEx messages] with full size velocity sensitive 12v psu - sending random pitchbend info - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Axiom 25, 49, 61 (2nd Gen) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 semi-weighted mini keys - bus powered and 9v psu for 25/49 and 12v for 61 - if sliders/faders are on left - legacy midi 5pin - chunky unit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Axiom Pro 25, 49, 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 poor construction 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MAudio Axiom AIR 25 M-Audio Axiom Air Mini 32
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Oxygen 25 III (3rd Gen) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 untested - usb only - rubber keys sticky - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MAudio Keyrig 49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Keystation Mini 32 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 - mini usb - plays a few notes and then stops responding randomly - try plugging it into port 1 or 2 on your pc - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Keystation 49 MK2 II
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 USB port and class compliant
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Keystation 61 MK3 MKIII MIDI keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 usb compliant untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Oxygen 25 IV
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016  choice 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio CTRL-49
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio ProKeys 88, 88sx 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Keystation Mini 32 MK3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 mini usb - some power or incompatibility issue with the native USB ports of the laptop, plugged in a passive USB 2.0 HUB (not USB 3.0, not powered)
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3328SvuJsLw M-Audio Oxygen25 MKV]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0763
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0001
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0023
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected audio class and bindings with camdusbmidi.class  - midi in out untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 25 full size semi keys - USB2 usb-b but no 5pin classic plugs - channel select SHIFT button and CHANNEL on keybed - plastic build - holding down both the Octave + and - for factory reset -  more limited in what you can do with it than IV 4th one - tested on AROS One 2.4 usb
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Oxygen Pro 25 49 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 untested semi full keys 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Oxygen Pro Mini 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 untested - 32 smaller keys - not endless encoders - usb only - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Hammer 88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Moog 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Moog Minitaur 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-VAVE SMK-25mini 25key MIDI Control Keyboard Y6I0 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments NI Primus A25 JamMate 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 not compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Maschine MK1 MKI
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 not compliant uses snd-usb-caiaq module, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Komplete Kontrol S88 S61 S49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 - weighted keys - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Maschine MK2 MKII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Maschine Micro Mikro MK2 MKII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NI Komplete Kontrol S49 S61 S88 MkII MK2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 all MK2 MK3 power up the keyboard using USB, it will set the keyboards MIDI port to computer MIDI only without any option to set it to use the MIDI DIN, meaning you cannot connect the keyboard to hardware and power from USB, you MUST power with the power adapter and physically unplug from any USB connection - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Komplete Kontrol A25 A49 A61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 maybe compliant,  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/sikorak666/maschine-mikro-mk3-driver Native Instruments Maschine Micro Mikro Plus MK3 MKIII]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Komplete Kontrol M32 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 untested 32 smaller keys - no drum pads - USB only - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NI Komplete Kontrol S49 S61 S88 MkIII MK3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Neusonik iBoard 4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar Impact LX25+ LX49+ LX61+ LX88+ SE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 budget full-size velocity-sensitive synth-action keyboard - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar Impact GX49
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; USB port - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar Panorama P4 P6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  USB &amp; USB Micro B, 5-pin MIDI out, 2 x TRS inputs with 49 semi-weighted, velocity sensitive with aftertouch
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar SE25 SE49
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; mini keys - micro usb bus powered - velocity and sustain button 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar Panorama P6 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar Panorama T6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nord Stage 3 midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; sysex 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation ReMote 25 49 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 lhs XY touchpad and the joystick -
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation LaunchKey 25 49 61 88 Mk1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 not USB class compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation 49 61 SL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 semi-weighted Fatar TP-8 or TP-9 keybed
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation ReMote 25SL 49SL 61SL soft label 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 - two long top liquid-crystal display LCD strips - XY touchpad and the joystick - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation ReMOTE 25LE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0004
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0001
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected, usb driver in devs/midi for camd to use}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 USB-b powered, 9v center pin positive or 6 MN1500 AA batteries - X/Y touchpad and the combined pitch and modulation joystick - no aftertouch but can use both the legacy MIDI OUT and USB port simultaneously 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation Nocturn 49 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Unk| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 untested sending random pitchbend info
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation 49 61 SL MkII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 semi-weighted Fatar TP-8 or TP-9 keybed 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation MiniNova 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation Impulse 25 49 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 velocity aftertouch‑sensitive semi-weighted keyboards and eight backlit pads -  USB, 5-pin MIDI out - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation Circuit Tracks / Rhythm 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation LaunchKey 25 49 61 88 MK2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 USB class compliant - full keys - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation Launchpad Mini MK2 MKII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 untested 8x8 buttons with 16 backlit
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation LaunchKey Mini MK2 MKII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 untested - 25 soft mini keys - 2 rotary wheels lhs - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation LaunchKey 25 37 49 61 88 MK3 MKIII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 USB class compliant choice - full keys - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation LaunchKey Mini MK3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 untested - 25 soft mini keys - 2 sliders lhs -  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation 61SL Mk3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nymphes Dreadbox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 6 voice analog synth
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Oberheim MC 2000 EX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 88 keys fully weighted - very heavy - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PreSonus ATOM SQ Hybrid MIDI Keyboard/Pad
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://polyend.com/tracker/ Polyend Tracker]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland ED PC-300
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 USB MIDI keyboard controller 49-key
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland EDIROL PCR-M30 PCR-M50 PCR-M80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol PCR-30 PCR-50 PCR-80
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 untested 32 key - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland PC-50 PC-80
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland PCR-500 PCR-800
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 61 velocity-sensitive keys with aftertouch 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland A-88 a-49
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 USB port - weighted keys velocity no aftertouch - class compliant with press FUNCTION so it is lit. Press the key labelled &quot;ADV.&quot;, Press the &quot;+&quot; button so it is lit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland PC-200 mkII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 some had fatar keys 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland MC-707 Groovebox
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland MC-101 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland A-500 A500Pro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland A-300 A300Pro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland JUNO DS, FA, Fantom, JUPITER X / Xm 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 (be sure that USB driver is set to &quot;Generic&quot; - requires device rebooting) 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland A-88 a-49 MKii MK2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 expensive with USB-c port - hammer-action keyboard weighted keys - Class-compliant if  USB-C enables bus power - MIDI 2.0 later - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ROLI Seaboard RISE 25 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson Graphite 49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson Carbon 49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sequential TAKE 5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic VMK-161 and VMK-161 Plus Organ version 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;TP-8O action is the unweighted, organ-style waterfall keybed - usb midi in out - 9v psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic SL990XP midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic VMK176 Plus
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;USB and midi connectivity
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic SL880 midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic SL73 SL88 Studio midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; hammer-action Fatar TP semi-weighted keys 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic Numa Organ 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 73 key TP-8O action is the unweighted, organ-style waterfall keybed used in nearly all clonewheels 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic Numacompact 2/2x, Numa X Piano
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SubZero CommandKey49 CommandKey25 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SubZero SZ-MiniCommand Mini-Command USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SubZero SPC61 MIDI Controller
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; bus powered - 5 octave 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SubZero ControlKey49S 49 Key Slim MIDI Controller Keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Synido TempoKey K25
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 25 mini keys - usb-c powered 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Winterbloom Sol 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Worlde Panda 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha KX8 KX49 KX61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 not compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha CMC-PD
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 not class compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha P45B P-45 Digital Piano 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 not compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha P-115 midi controller  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 untested weighted keys - USB midi port 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha MX49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 should compliant untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha Montage, CP73/88, YC, MODX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha PSR-E353, PSR-E443
PSR-S670, PSR-S770, PSR-S970, PSR-A3000, TYROS-5
NP-12, NP-32
DGX-650, DGX-660
P-105, P-115, P-255
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha MX49 II V2 Black Blue 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  midi keyboard controller 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DJM V10
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; dj 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Kontrol DJ Pro midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; detected but untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Numark Mixtrack Pro II USB DJ Controller Djay 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;older generation pioneer DDJ-SX2 dj 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |CAMD
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alyseum AL-22 AL22c  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alyseum AL-88 Schneidersladen AL88c 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alyseum U3-88c Midi Interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; no CopperLan support Midi network using a UTP Ethernet patch cable) 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer BCF2000 midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.behringer.com/EN/home.aspx Behringer] BCR2000 1in 2out
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer B-CONTROL DEEJAY BCD3000 DJ Mixer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer UMD404 UMD202 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative EMU 0404/USB midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DigiDesign / Focusrite Command 8 Control Surface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 supports MIDI continuous controller (CC) and note data. SysEx dumping and loading is also supported  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Digidesign Digi 002
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006   firewire only 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Digidesign Digi 003
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009   firewire only 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;emagic m4 2x4 AMT8 Unitor 8 Mk2  8x8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x00d0
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x010 0x0103
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 offers MTS (Midi Time Stamping) - 12v 2a psu centre pos - usb mini with rs232 and rs422 serial ports - 16 channels (8-in / 8-out), this rack-mountable unit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Evolution U-Control UC-16 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| detected}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Saffire 6 USB 1.1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Guillemot Maxi Studio ISIS Vintage Sound Card MIDI Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1998 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.ucapps.de/mbhp_usb.html MidiBox] Hardware Platform USB Module
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2001 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie Control Universal Pro XT with One Two Extenders 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 not compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Audiophile USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 not compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Midisport UNO old version 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 not compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio MidiMan 1x1 midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004  [http://sourceforge.net/projects/linux-hotplug/ firmware update]
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Midisport 2x2 yellowy green blue, green or silver chassis plastic box 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|MIDISPORT 2x2 or 4x4 interfaces from previous production series (blue, green or silver chassis) are not class-compliant}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MAudio Audiosport Quattro USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 not usb compliant as [http://usb-midi-fw.sourceforge.net/ firmware required and that is buggy], 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio UC-33
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 not compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Midisport 1x1 2x2 4x4 Anniversary Edition, black box 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 maybe class compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mooer Steep II Multi-Platform USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.amiga.org/forums/showthread.php?t=52920 Mark of the Unicorn Motu Fastlane] 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|[http://www.amiga.org/forums/showpost.php?p=560852&amp;postcount=8 not working on OS4]}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; not class compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Motu Micro Lite 1x1 and MOTU microlite 5x5 USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; good unit but poor just plug in support and not class compliant - USB2 usb-b - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Motu MIDI Express 128 8x8
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;poor support serial port only - offers MTS (Midi Time Stamping) A serial port based MIDI interface or a USB interface without MTS will have a MIDI slop of up to 2ms on record and playback. MTS provides accuracy for record and playback to around .3ms - five times more accurate than serial or non-MTS.&quot; 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU.com MIDI Express XT 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 for many USB should have octocoupled connection to reduce groundloop humm, usually the timing is off 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU MIDI Timepiece AV 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; not class compliant is one of the best multi-port MIDI interfaces ever made as USB model connects to the computer as an 8x16 interface
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments GmbH Audio 8 DJ, 4 DJ, 2 DJ
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17CC
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no|needs dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 not class compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Qcon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|did not match to camdusbmidi.class USB audio midi with onboard DSP}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1998 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Corp Edirol UM-2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0005
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no|is not bound via camdusbmidi.class }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1999 not bound to any midi class - 2x2 - tested Aros One USb 2.4 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-100G 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|detected but not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1999 USB audio midi with onboard DSP 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-880 8x8 midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|detected but not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 under poseidon but could work with run &gt;nil: c:midithru out.0 &quot;EDIROL UM-880.out.2&quot;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-1 blue plastic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Unk| bound??? via camdusbmidi.class - untested midi in out}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 UM-1 -  1-in/1-out (16 channels) 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-1S
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 1-in/1-out (16 channels)
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-2E
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM550
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2001 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-1X midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|do not have the Advanced Driver Switch on them}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2001 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-1SX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0052
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|do not have the Advanced Driver Switch on them}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol Cakewalk UM-2C - 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol Cakewalk UM-1G 1x1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol Cakewalk UM-2G 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/spotify/linux/blob/master/sound/usb/usbquirks.h Roland Edirol UA20 UA-20] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland UM-1EX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-2EX 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005  adds a second MIDI OUT
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Cakewalk UM-3G - 3x3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Cakewalk ua-25excw 1x1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|detected but not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 not class compliant mode 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://alsa.opensrc.org/Edirol_UA-25EX Roland Edirol UA55 UA-55 Cakewalk UA25 EX] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|detected but not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sonuus B2M Bass MIDI Interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sonuus G2M
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg CMC Series 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Subzero SZ-MB44 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Swisssonic MIDI1x1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 AmigaOS there is no output at midichannel one and two but if play a midi file there is only output on some channels and if pressed stop the prog freezes or the whole system crashes
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam US-428 US-422 midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 2000 not compatible 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam [http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.tascam.com/Products/US-224.html US-224]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1604
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8004
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 2002 does not bind to any class
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Corp Tascam US-1x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam US-122 MKII midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8021
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|not detected / binding to camdusbmidi.class on AROS 2.4 usb }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 detected but not working 2-in/2-out USB two XLR microphone preamps with phantom power for condenser microphones 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam US-200 US-400 US-600 US-800 US-1200 US-1800 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 may not be totally usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha UX-16
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai EIE and Pro version midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 dc 6v power - 3 USB hubs, midi in out , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis I/O2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 powered USB hub required, not compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis IO2 Express 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 usb compliant?
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis IO4 Express 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer XTouch 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; psu needed 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer X-Touch Compact
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe usb compliant?
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer X-Touch Mini
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe usb compliant?,  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-Phoria UMD404HD UMD202HD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe class compliant - volume low, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CME U2 MIDI Pro 1x1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; current model 
|-
| Creative EMU XMIDI 1X1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 early versions with sysex checksum errors 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative E-MU Xmidi 1x1 Tab (V3) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 tab version class compliant but report that when transferring 'System Exclusive' messages (SysEx) the unit could not handle the highest data rate leading to data corruption 
|-
| Creative EMU XMIDI 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 sysex errors 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Digidesign Mbox 2 Mini now Avid 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 USB powered but not compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Digidesign Mbox II Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 USB powered but not compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Engl Z7 MIDI Interface (E660/E610/E360/E930)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; guitar?
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elektron TurboMidi TM-1 1in 1out
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiTerminal M4U 4x4 midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;supposedly class compliant - USB bus powered - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiTerminal M8U 8x8
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiTerminal M4U XL 4x4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; ploytec chipset 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiTerminal M8U XL 8x8
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; no hardware routing e.g. x on input 5 to synth y on output 7 - ploytec chipset 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiMate 1x1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; supposedly class compliant - USB bus powered 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiMate II 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI ROM I/O
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 romio version 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI M4U XT
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2573
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0002
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe|is bound via camdusbmidi.class AROS One 2.4  - untested midi in out}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI M8U XT 8in 8out
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 discontinued 2018 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI M8UEX USB3.0
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 current model 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI M4U eX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 current model 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiMate eX midi interface 1x1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 current model, well liked and might class compliant?? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;icon midiport 2x2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iCON CubeMi 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; class compliant? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iConnectivity 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iConnectivity mio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 class compliant but reported issues with sending System Exclusive (SysEx) MIDI messages and MIDI signals getting cut off 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; iConnectMidi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iCM2 iCM4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iConnectivity iConnectMIDI4+ L
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 class compliant?? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iConnectivity MioXL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IK Multimedia iRig MIDI 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; class compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iRig Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kenton 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kenton Electronics pro solo mk2 midi to cv converter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kenton Midi Thru-25 5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keytech MT18E 8 Way Midi Thru box 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 9 to 12v psu required 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MidiPlus Midi 2x2 midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MidiPlus Midi 4x4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; supposedly class compliant - USB bus powered 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MidiTech MIT-00151 Midiface 4x4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MidiTech Midiface 4x4 8x8 16x16 thru merge 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Miditech Midilink mini 1x1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Midisport UNO only if box is labeled Class Compliant and latest MIDISPORT 1x1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Fast Track Ultra (6 in 6 out) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 not usb compliant, - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Midiman Midisport 2x2 Anniversary Edition [https://gearspace.com/board/electronic-music-instruments-and-electronic-music-production/1133862-why-there-hardly-any-midi-interfaces.html not stable enough] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 USB2 usb-b - does not need firmware and supposedly plug and play - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Midisport 4x4 Anniversary Edition
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; rumored does not need firmware - supposedly plug and play -  issues with its firmware for some and lacks configurable routing
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Maudio Fast Track Ultra 8R 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Komplete Audio 6 Mk1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe usb compliant but bus powered, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar Midiflex 4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 class compliant and usb-b powered - used as a 1 in / 3 out, 2 in / 2 out or 4 out 5pin sockets - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Neusonik IM-One 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Peavey Xport
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; guitars only 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland UM-ONE UM-1 mk2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 USB class compliant if switch to TAB for class compliant mode rather than the COMPUTER mode 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Squarp Hermid 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg Midex 8x8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; class compliant?  supporting MIDI Time Stamping protocol
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Swissonic MidiConnect 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tapco LiNK.midi USB 4x4 (Loud technologies) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Corp Tascam US-2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 2014 5v dc power, midi out in, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Corp Tascam US-4x4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam US-16x08 US-20x20
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom U-24
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  midi to 5pin interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  midi to 5pin interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Unbranded cable 
| 0x552d
| 0x4348
| F110 
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe|detected but no usb driver in devs/midi for camd to use}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;detected but not working the USB-MIDI conversion functionality of the cheapo USB MIDI &quot;cable&quot; interface is simply lacking, possibly being incapable of handling MIDI strings longer than 3 bytes long SysEx strings (e.g. SysEx dumps) - tested in Icaros 2.3 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB2.0-MIDI Unbranded cable with clear braided underneath leads 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1A86
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x752D 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0254 
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe|detected binding to camdusbmidi.class but untested midi in / out}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;untested but better to get a branded version - tested AROS One 2.4 usb
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;LogiLink USB to Midi In-Out 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;untested cheap cable version but issues with latency on other systems 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; gm5 USB midi chip  DIY option only
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Doremidi LEKATO MIDI USB C Interface 1x1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thomann Midi USB 1x1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;   Prodipe made 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Prodipe MIDI 1i/1o 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


Classic 5pin DIN controllers for above interfaces 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |CAMD
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai s5000 s6000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  midi digital samplers 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai AX80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Casio CZ-5000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Casio CZ-3000 CZ-1000 CZ-101 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cheetah MS6 midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 multi-timbral, six-voice (twelve-oscillator), analogue synthesiser module is loaded with CEM 3396s 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ensoniq ESQ1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Integra 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg Wavestation Ex A/D SR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1986 ex has piano and drum sounds 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg DW-8000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg DW-6000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg Poly 800 MK1 Poly-800ii 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  all plastic and can run on batteries - 49 keys non-velocity dco synt analogue filter 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland D-50
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|1987 untested greater concern would be moisture and wear}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland A50 (76) A80 (88) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|1989 untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ROLAND JUNO-D
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Juno 106 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;80s kx73 or kx88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland ED PC-160A PC-180A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} legacy DIN5 MIDI port only - 6 AA batteries or 9v psu - One regular source of failure for me were emty batteries (even with red control light still active). Another source was a bad MIDI cable - unplug then re-plug the USB cable while it is powered the device might reconnect 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland M1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland S-550 S-760 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; digital samplers kontakt replaced these? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha DX7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1983 12bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha DX7S DX72IID DX7IIFD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1987 16bit versions 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


The MIDI standard was published in August 1983. The inventors, Kakehashi and Smith finally received a Technical Grammy Award in 2013 for their work. 

The MIDI files that contained just the note data, velocity and timing meant you could transfer an entire studio session from one place to another on one floppy disk and it could control all the synths and drum samplers. Pass-thru meant that one computer could run an entire bands worth of instruments. 

It's bulletproof too. MIDI never goes wrong, it's always a bug in software that causes any issue - you can absolutely rely on it to go gigging with, take your synths, controllers and computers and not crash an entire gig at your 100,000 person venue. 

The MIDI hardware specification is very simple (voltage, polarity, screening, protection and a fast enough opto-isolator), it assumes that the data it sends and receives between MIDI devices is to the MIDI data standard and just passes it on. The microprocessor in the hardware does all the work.

The minimum for a computer/MIDI interface is that it meets the MIDI hardware specification. It is attached to the computer bus and handles the electrical conversions required. To meet the MIDI hardware specification, to be class compliant as a USB device all it has to do is report itself properly when plugged in.

The other half of the equation is the MIDI data standard, and for a computer MIDI interface the main issue is the speed of data transmission. The bus speed of the computer is faster than the speed of the MIDI standard so it can generate and send MIDI data faster than a MIDI device can receive it. The MIDI standards have nothing to say on that bottleneck at all. MIDI was designed to be very simple and very open, it just defines a standard for the messages and leaves it up to manufacturers to implement them in the way they want. That's what makes it so powerful a tool, and also what makes it so confusing and frustrating at times.

For midi, the hardware/software combination at various connection points handles the translation to/from midi (or other protocols). Drivers would be needed for midi, including clock and SysEx signal (actually claiming to handle ALL midi quirks transparently

All the important MIDI data types can be sent (CC, NRPN, RPN, MMC, Note On/Off, program change)

There is no official way to solve the data bottleneck. Early software sequencers and librarians tried to solve it by having an option to buffer SYSEX data in software and transmit it at the MIDI data rate. The downside is that hogs the bus and can hit computer performance. Interface manufacturers would add a hardware buffer which would take all the MIDI data from the PC bus and feed it into the MIDI at the slower data rate, but that added cost and created timing issues.

Things have moved on since then, but the principles remain the same. You can buffer in the hardware or in software, whether that is in the application or the interface driver. SYSEX will work perfectly well with that budget cable if your software handles the buffering. And while the cables with hardware buffers make SYSEX easier, they still have potential problems because of the limitations of the MIDI data rate. Your MIDI clock doesn't like being interrupted with a big program dump 

The serial / parallel ports were a direct connection, so faster. Now, everything in the computer is virtual and the only thing connected to the hardware is the kernel, hence everything is by default bottlenecked and jittery, regardless of which connection. So by the time the interface gets the information it's already too late. 

Ethernet network cable to transport MIDI over large distances, connect 2 MIDI In and 2 MIDI Out ports to patch, remap, filter and merge MIDI flows on a fine channel basis for tight MIDI throughput, latency and jitter 

Possibilities for DAWs of the future including a kind of sync reference for timing reference which an interface could sync to, hence all the timings then would be locked between the grid on the DAW screen and the MIDI info. 

Preemptible, low latency and accuracy are essential for good communication.  

One of the first things you need to do, is make sure your MIDI software sets the interface to the same MIDI channel as your keyboard (usually 1) 


Do you want to send just your master keyboard to other synths or to be able to use any keyboard with any synth?

1st option is relatively simple. Just need to send midi from your master keyboard into a midi splitter that redistributes the signal onto your synths. Each synth will be set up to receive midi on a specific channel so the only challenge is to find a way to select to which channel you are sending midi. Some master keyboards can do that although not many that have a dedicated knob or switch on the panel and most require a bit of menu diving. Could use a midi box that offers channel selection but usually this is not very workflow friendly. The software route would require using the mouse. 

2nd option is a bit more complex but superior workflow by sending midi messages into a merge box, from there into a hardware sequencer that allows to select midi channel, then on to a midi interface that distributes the signal to the synths. 

Master keyboard MIDI-in to computer. External hardware sampler MIDI-out from computer. Audio-out from sampler to audio-in on computer/device. 


Blue Ribbon Soundworks Bars &amp; Pipes Professional (1993/4) 

GM (1984), GS (1987), XG level 1-3 (1994-1997), GM level 2 (1999) 	

GM GM1 imposes several requirements beyond the MIDI 1.0 specification. While MIDI 1.0 by itself provides a communication protocol which ensures that different instruments can interoperate at a fundamental level e.g sound modules. GM goes further in two ways. First, GM requires that all compliant MIDI instruments meet a certain minimal set of features, such as being able to play at least 24 notes simultaneously (polyphony). Second, GM attaches specific interpretations to many parameters and control messages which were left unspecified in the MIDI 1.0 specification. A minimum of 128 MIDI Program Numbers (conforming to the GM 1 Instrument Patch Map) and 47 percussion sounds (conforming to the GM 1 Percussion Key Map). Support for controller number 1, 7, 10, 11, 64, 100, 101, 121 and 123; support for channel pressure and pitch bend controllers. 

General MIDI Level 2 or GM2 is a specification for synthesizers which defines several requirements beyond the MIDI standard and is based on General MIDI (GM) and Roland GS extensions. It was adopted in 1999 by the MIDI Manufacturers Association (MMA).

* Number of Notes: 32 simultaneous notes
* MIDI Channels: 16
* Simultaneous Melodic Instruments – up to 16 (all Channels)
* Simultaneous Percussion Kits – up to 2 (Channel 10/11)

Program and bank change events
General MIDI 2 compatible synthesizers access all of the 256 instruments by setting cc#0 (Bank Select MSB) to 121 and using cc#32 (Bank Select LSB) to select the variation bank before a Program Change. Variation bank 0 contains the full GM (General MIDI 1) sound set. Variations using other bank numbers are new to General MIDI 2, and correspond to variation sounds introduced in Roland GS. 


[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CluuHrr7HG4 Major WWHWWWH, Minor WHWWHWW scale], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jjm7Ti-iwz0 Chords], 


==usb audio==

USB audio has recently made available for Aros, there are many standards introduced over the years. Much is still untested. 

*Introduced 2000 and from 2014 USB Audio 1 UAC1 16bit 44.1kHz
*Introduced 2006 and from 2014 USB Audio 2 [https://www.usb.org/document-library/usb-device-class-definition-audio-devices-release-20-errata-and-ecn-through-april UAC2] 24bit 192kHz
*Introduced 2016 and from 2024 USB Audio 3 [https://www.usb.org/documents UAC3] 32bit 384kHz 

USB group decided to rewrite the audio standard, so [https://os4depot.net/?function=showfile&amp;file=audio/record/usbaudio2.lha UAC2] and [https://archive.fosdem.org/2019/schedule/event/linux_and_usb_audio_class_3/attachments/slides/3345/export/events/attachments/linux_and_usb_audio_class_3/slides/3345/Linux_and_USB_Audio_Class_3___FOSDEM_2019.pdf UAC3]. They added clock selection and control, timing domains and others. Part of the changes included changing many of the descriptors that an audio device uses to describe itself to the machine. 

PsdErrorlog/PsdDevlister? The AHI driver generated only supports mono/stereo at any bit rates between 8 and 32 bit per sample, but not multichannel modes and only rates up to 65KHz (because AHI uses a 16-bit word for frequencies). If the soundcard does not offer such a PCM 8-32 bit mode at frequencies lower than 65 KHz, there's nothing much that can be done about it on the computer side other than revising and expanding the AHI standard. Most cheap USB soundcards do though. 

AHI does not support six channel playback. It only supports mono, stereo and multichannel (8 channels). Due to the multichannel mode not being used by any application so far, the usbaudio.class does not support multichannel playback, especially not &quot;upchannelling&quot; stereo to six or more channels. If this USB device does not support a two channel mode, you can't use it under AHI.

Untested but most likely to work, at least 2 mic inputs (low impedance) &amp; instruments (high impedance) and made in the last 10 years 
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gMuA-2FbJxE Entry level &lt;100Euro]   BOMGE U202, Behringer UMC, Presonus Studio, 
*[ Next tier &lt;200Euro]   Audient iD, Solid SSL2 and SSL2+, Lewitt, Focusrite Scarlett, Arturia MiniFuse, 
*[ Prosumer &lt;300Euro]   Focusrite Clarett+, 
*[ Professional &lt;500Euro]   RME Babyface, 
*[ Studio &gt;500Euros]    

Bands should need 4 or more mic inputs 

[http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?p=38364030 XDA Forum thread],

&lt;pre&gt;
                                            &lt;- Computer 
                                            &lt;- Mobile Phone / Tablet (OTG)
                                            &lt;- Digital Cameras 
                            &lt;- Video        &lt;- Webcams 

Base Computer &lt;-&gt; OBS like  &lt;- Audio Mixer  &lt;- Microphone(s) 

                            -&gt; Internet     -&gt; Youtube &amp; Chat 

&lt;/pre&gt;

USB AUDIO CARDS - UAC Compliant 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Description 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Playback
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Records 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Antelope Galaxy 64 Synergy Core
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; not compliant so does not wotk with Aros and a high-end 64-channel AD/DA converter HDX, Dante connectivity and a Thunderbolt Audio interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Antelope Galaxy 32 Synergy Core
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; not be compliant so does not wotk with Aros as Antelope Audio does not provide official drivers, control software, or an Antelope Launcher 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia Mini Fuse 1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 maybe usb compliant, okay pre amp 1 combi input, cirrus logic cs4272 ad converter, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniFuse 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 maybe usb compliant usb-c with usb2.0, okay pre amps with good dynamic range 110dB, cirrus logic cs4272 ad converter, two combi inputs for mic, line or guitar, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniFuse 4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, okay 110dB dynamic range, -129dB EIN, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia AudioFuse 16Rig 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 maybe usb compliant, good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audient iD44 mk1 mki 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 maybe usb compliant, good, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audient evo4 EVO8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audient iD4 mk2 mkII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audient id14 mk2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, good, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audient iD24 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 maybe usb compliant and usb-c bus powered, good, , 0-in/14-out audio interface with ADAT expandability, balanced inserts
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audient iD44 Mk2 Mkii 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, good, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-PHORIA UMC22 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1397
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe usb compliant, okay, midas pre-amps
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-PHORIA UMC202HD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1397
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe usb compliant, okay, midas pre-amps ein -129 dBu, 24bit ADC, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-PHORIA UMC404HD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1397
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe usb compliant, okay, midas pre-amps, 24bit adc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-PHORIA UMC204HD 192 Empower Tribe 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1397
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0508
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 maybe usb compliant, okay, midas pre-amps
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer UMC1820 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1397
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016, bus complaint?, okay midas pre amps, adc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-PHORIA UM2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1397
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 maybe usb compliant, poor zenyx pre-amps with high noise floor, plastic build no rf shielding, latency issues, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer x Air XR12 XR16 XR18
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 usb and network 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Saffire 6 USB 1.1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, , , midi, strictly NEC USB 2.0, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 8i6 Gen 1 MOSC0001 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe usb compliant, but 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 2i2 Gen 1 MOSC0003 
*TP1 - 3.3V, tested ok
*TP2 - U4 control signal, 3.3V present at all time.
*TP4 - Ground
*TP6 - 48V, tested ok
*TP7 - Ground
*TP8 - Ground
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 usually avoid early Gen 1, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://khronscave.blogspot.com/2021/08/75-focusrite-scarlett-2i4-1st-gen.html Focusrite Scarlet 2i4 Gen 1 (slide toggles) MOSC0004] 
*TP1 - 3.3V, tested 3.22v
*TP2 - U4 control signal, 3.3V present 
*TP4 - Ground
*TP6 - measure 47.72v 
* AKM 4384ET (VDD 5v)
* Cirrus Logic CS4272-CZZ (VA 4.94v/ VD 3.2v/ VL 3.2v)
* all four HC4066 (VCC 4.96v)
* XMOS XS1-L01A-TQ128-C5 (all VDD 1.08v/ all VVDIO 3.23v/ PPLAVDD 0.99v/ PCU-VDDIO 3.23v)
2i4S
*TP1 seems to be 0V
*TP2 should be 5V
*TP3 should be 
*TP6 should be 48V
*TP8 should be 3.3V
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe usb compliant, pre amps JRC NJM2122 and NJM4565, [https://statics.cirrus.com/pubs/proDatasheet/CS4272_F1.pdf CS4272 adc], [https://pdf.datasheet.live/e5e5fd1c/akm.com/AK4384.pdf AK4384 output pair], Xmos XS1-L8A-64-TQ128 processor and firmware in Winbond 25X40CL 4Mbit, an SMSC Microchip USB3343 interface and a Microchip PL611 clock generator - two Intersil / Renesas ISL97519A for the phantom power rail, two OnSemi NCP1521B for the 3.3V (digital) and 1V (Xmos core) rails - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite iTrack Solo USB Audio Interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 18i20 1st Gen MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant, , Cirrus CS4272, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://wiki.linuxaudio.org/wiki/current_audio_gear Focusrite ] Scarlett 4i4 Gen  MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, , Cirrus CS4272, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 6i6 Gen1 MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant, , , 12v psu, the headphone outs mirror the outs on the back panel, so that's six independent outs. 4 independent analog output paths, plus two over spdif, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://khronscave.blogspot.com/2019/03/38-focusrite-scarlett-18i8-gen1-teardown.html Focusrite Scarlett 18i8 1st Gen MOSC0008]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant, JRC NJM4565 provide most of the opamps, pair of JRC NJM2122's for inputs 1 and 2, [http://www.mouser.com/ds/2/76/cs4272_f1-43250.pdf Cirrus CS4272], 12v 1a +central psu to a pair of National Semiconductor LM2672 for 3.3V rail and the +6.9V rail, Xmos XS1–L16A–128 dual-row QFN package, firmware a Winbond 25X40C 4Mbit SPI Flash and an SMSC USB3343 interface chip, the two headphone outs are completely independent so 6 independent analog output paths, plus two over spdif, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Clarett+ 8Pre 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 great, expensive, maybe usb compliant?  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 2i2 Gen 2 (slide toggles) MOSC0006 
*TP6 should be 48V
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8202
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant, USB-b bus powered, good preamps ein equivalent input noise -128 dBu, 24-bit 192kHz CS4272 as well as an additional AKM AK4384ET for the second stereo output pair, 4 screws under bottom rubber,  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://khronscave.blogspot.com/2021/07/focusrite-scarlett-2i4-2nd-gen-teardown.html Focusrite Scarlett 2i4 Gen 2 (slide toggles) MOSC0014]
*TP6 should be 48V
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant, USB-b bus powered, good preamps NJM2122's, NJM4565's and CMOS switches (HEF4053 and HEF4066), CS4272 and a AKM AK4384ET, Xmos XU208-256-TQ64-C10 with firmware stored in a Macronix MX25L8006E 8Mbit flash memory, clocking by a Cirrus Logic CS2100, an MP1542 boost converter creates +6V and -6V rails, powering the opamps and the rest of the analog circuitry, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 6i6 Gen2 MOSC0016
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant, 12v psu, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett Solo 2nd Gen MOSC0019
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://khronscave.blogspot.com/2024/03/focusrite-scarlett-18i8-gen2-teardown.html Focusrite Scarlett 18i8 2nd Gen MOSC00]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant, 12v psu, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Red 16Line 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 may not be compliant as Focusrite provides no drivers - 64-in/64-out Pro Tools - dual Thunderbolt 3 audio interface with ultra-low latency A-D/D-A conversion - Red Evolution mic preamps
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett Solo 3rd Gen MOSC0024
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant usb-c but usb2, preamps, ad/dc 24bit 192kHz, most Focusrite gen3 interfaces have encrypted processors, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 18i6 Gen3 MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, USB2 class compliant device, but with custom mixer interface
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 2i2 Gen 3 (push in switches) MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8210
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, USB-c bus powered, good preamps ein equivalent input noise -128 dBu, 24-bit 192kHz Cirrus Logic xfr002c and cs4272 chips, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 18i20 3rd gen MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 18i8 3rd Gen MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8214
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, , , no screws under the rubber pads on the bottom, 12v psu, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett Solo Studio Mk3 USB Audio Interface MOSC0030 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 2i2 4th Gen USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 4i4 4th Gen USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett Studio 4th Gen USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett Solo 4th Gen MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 18i20 4th Gen MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FractalAudio FM9 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fractal Audio AM4 platform 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 not working 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lewitt Connect 6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lewitt 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mooer Steep II Multi-Platform USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Motu UltraLite AVB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; usb not compliant? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU M2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant?, usb-c, good pre amps, ad/dc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU M4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, okay, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU U2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  maybe not usb compliant, good but latest had hardware revision 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU UltraLite-mk3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 not usb compliant, great 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU UltraLite-mk5
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 not usb compliant, great 
|-
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| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nuemann MT48 
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; usb audio compliant, great pre-amps 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Neumann MT48 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
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| &lt;!--Description--&gt;neuralDSP Quad Cortex QC platform 
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 cc compliant but plugins not working 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NeuralDSP QC Lite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 cc complaint 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
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| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Neve Genesys Black G16 G32 G64
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; not compliant - very good very expensive 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
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| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Presonus AudioBox USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe not usb compliant, usb1.1 usb-b bus powered, okay pre-amps, 24bit ADC 48Khz max, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Presonus Audiobox 1818VSL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
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| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Presonus AudioBox 44VSL
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 may not be usb compliant, 12v psu, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PreSonus AudioBox 22VSL
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|PreSonus Studio 2|4 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, usb-b, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|PreSonus Studio 2|6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|PreSonus Studio 6|8 USB Audio Interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 maybe compliant, needs ext psu, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PreSonus Studio 24c 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, usb-c, good, adc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PreSonus Studio 26c 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, usb-c, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PreSonus® Studio 68c
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, usb-c, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PreSonus AudioBox USB 96 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 maybe usb compliant, high preamp noise, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Presonus Quantum ES2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, okay, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Prism 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Prism Lyra 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe not usb compliant, great 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Platane UP1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant usb- UAC2 asynchronous protocol, 64dB Low-noise Mic amplifier, 32Bit High End ADC and DAC, 16dBu High-power ti headphone amplifier
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Platane UP2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Platane 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RME Babyface/UC/UFX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 maybe not usb compliant, good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RME Fireface UCX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 might be able to put into class compliant cc although a firewire device, pre amps, adc,  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RME Babyface Pro FS  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe not usb compliant, good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RME Fireface UCX II
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 might be class compliant usb-b, pre amps, adc,  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Solid State Logic SSL2 SSL2+ Mk1 1st Gen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 maybe usb compliant, good, adc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Solid State Logic SSL12 SSL18 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, bus powered, good pre-amps, up to 32-bit 192kHz AD/DA converters, 12-in 8-out, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Solid State Logic SSL2 SSL2+ MkII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant, good pre amps ein -130 dBu, ad/dc, okay latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Solid State Logic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Topping E1x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 maybe usb compliant, good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Topping Pro E2x2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 maybe usb compliant, good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UAD UA Apollo 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UA apollo 2nd Gen twin X (Duo/Quad), X4, X6, X8, X8P, and X16
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 bus compliant?, usb-
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UA apollo twin x quad 3rd Gen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 bus compliant?, usb-
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Universal Audio Volt 1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 maybe usb compliant, good, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|Universal Audio Volt 276 2|76 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 maybe usb compliant, good, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Universal Audio Volt 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, good, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai EIE Pro AI01 Electromusic Interface Expander - 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe not usb compliant, 4-in/4-out USB 2.0 audio interface with a built-in USB hub and MIDI I/O, up to 24-bit/96kHz 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai EIE Pro AI02 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|Alesis io2 io|2, io14 io|14, io26 io|26 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 bus powered but not usb compliant, okay pre-amps, 2, 4 or 8 mics respectively, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis iO2 Express 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010  not usb compliant, poor pre-amps, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Core 1 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe cc, mini usb, poor latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee Duet 1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 firewire only, not usb compliant micro-usb with most features, , ,  two‑channel two‑in, two‑out, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee Ensemble 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 firewire, not usb compliant micro-usb with most features, , ,  two‑channel 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee One USB 1st Gen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 maybe not usb compliant micro-usb for basic features, , , single‑channel up to 48kHz
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee One USB 2nd Gen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant usb- and maybe aa batteries, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee Duet 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant usb-c with most features, , , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee One USB 3rd Gen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee Ensemble Thunderbolt 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 maybe not usb compliant micro-usb with most features, , ,  two‑channel 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee Boom 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant usb-c, , , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee Duet 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant usb-c with most features, , , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ART PRO Audio Usb Mix 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant bus powered, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avid Digidesign Mbox 1 USB Audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0dba
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;01000
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 mbox original was usb1 and not a usb class compliant device, and had the much hated &quot;focusrite designed&quot; mic preamps, light blue front plate and the sticky out feet 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avid Digidesign Mbox 2 USB Audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0dba
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 midi not usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avid Digidesign Mbox 2 Pro USB Audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0dba
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 not usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avid Digidesign Mbox 2 Mini USB Audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0dba
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 not usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avid Digidesign Mbox 2 Micro USB Audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0dba
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 not usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVID MBox 3rd gen Mini or Standard but Pro is Firewire 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;behringer u-control uca202 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x8bb
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2902
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.00
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, draws a lot of power - dac ti burr-brown - no microphone pre-amp - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-CONTROL UCA 222 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 maybe usb compliant,  - no microphone pre-amp - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Black Lion Audio 2x2 evolution 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 maybe usb compliant but , okay with 109dB range - poor noise floor, 24-bit 192kHz Cirrus Logic CS4272, average latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bomge 11s 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bomge 22s 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bomge BMG22 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 usb-c, 24bit 192kHz but only use much lower, may have to spend time cleaning up some of the noise, high latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bomge U202 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 usb-c, 32bit 192kHz but only use much lower, may have to spend time cleaning up some of the noise, high latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bomge U204 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 usb-c, 32bit 192kHz but only use much lower , may have to spend time cleaning up some of the noise, high latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bomge Mini 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TI Burr-Brown PCM2702E PCM2704 PCM2704C Muse Audio Mini USB DAC board 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x08bb 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2704
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, no mic input - goodish quality
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TI Burr-Brown PCM2900 PCM2902 PCM2906 USB DAC board 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x08bb
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2900
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, no mic input - goodish quality 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Depusheng MD22 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 usb-b powered, 24bit 192kHz though is 96kHz, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Depusheng USB Audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 usb-b powered, 24bit 192kHz though is 96kHz, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|Emagic emi 2|6 em2|6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 not uac 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|Emagic emi 6|2m 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 not uac 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|Emagic emi 6|2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 not uac 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ego Systems, Inc. in Korea (ESI) joining with RIDI GmbH 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;esi Mixvibes U46 Mk II USB audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 not usb compliant, usb-b powered, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI ESU22
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;esi U24XL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, usb-b powered, 24 bits, 2 analogue inputs and outputs with 6.3 mm jack connection, Output L can be used as a headphone output, S / PDIF digital input - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;esi U46XL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, usb-b powered, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI Originals, Inc ESIO MAYA22USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant, usb-b powered, 1 xlr, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MAYA44USB+ 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant, usb-b powered,  xlr, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI Originals, Inc ESIO MARA22XTU 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe usb compliant, usb-b powered, 1 xlr, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI U22XT
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 usb class compliant
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI Gigaport Ex
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 usb compliant?, usb-c usb3.1, , , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iConnectivity iConnectAUDIO2+ icaudio-02 USB audio interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;LexiconPro - Omega 8x4x2 (USB-1.1)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 not usb complaint 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lexicon Alpha 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lexicon Lambda
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 may not be compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Line 6 Toneport UX1 and Tone Port UX2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004  not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Line 6 TonePort UX8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 maybe not class compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Line 6 POD Studio UX1 UX2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006  not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lokchonk UX22 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ljSiNmudMm0 Lokchonk UX44HD] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 usb-b , , , 2in 2out only, average latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie Onyx Artist 1·2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 maybe not usb compliant, usb-b powered, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie Onyx Producer 2X2 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, usb-b midi 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie Onyx Blackjack
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 USB powered but maybe not usb compliant, Two Onyx Preamps, 2-in, 2-out which are combo Neutrik-type connectors to handle XLR, instrument or line level 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe usb compliant, , , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Media Assistance USB-One
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 not uac cc comliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Fast Track USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 maybe not usb compliant, - guitar 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Fast Track Ultra (6 in 6 out) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb cc providing 24-bit/96kHz audio capabilities but requires manual configuration of the mixer settings 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio M-Track 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 usb compliant?, okay - guitar and vocal mainly 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://htyp.org/M-Audio/Fast_Track_Ultra/Linux M-Audio FastTrack Ultra] and Ultra 8R 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 maybe usb compliant, low round-trip latency, okay octane pre amps, adc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio M-Track 2x2M
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 usb compliant? usb-c - okay pre-amps, , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio M-Track (MkII) 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 usb compliant? usb-c - okay pre amps, , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio M-Track Solo 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 usb compliant? - okay but issues, MJN4580C opamps (lower gain 55 dB at volume 9-10), ti PCM2900C ADC 16bit means there is a hard noise floor at -96 dB, plastic build no rf shielding, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio M-Track DUO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 usb compliant? - okay but issues, MJN4580C opamps (lower gain 55 dB at volume 9-10), ti PCM2900C ADC 16bit means there is a hard noise floor at -96 dB, plastic build no rf sheild, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Air
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, okay 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NI AK1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17CC
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.pogo.org.uk/~mark/linuxdj/ Native Instruments Traktor Audio 8 DJ], [ Traktor Audio 4 DJ], [ Traktor Audio 2 DJ], 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17cc
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1978, 0x0839, 0x041C 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 not usb compliant uses snd-usb-caiaq module, [https://mixxx.discourse.group/t/problems-with-native-instruments-audio-8-dj-on-linux/14719/2 Audio 8 device has 4 subunits which are not recognized correctly], Cirrus Logic DACs spec'd at 24-bit/96KHz over a USB2, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NI Komplete Audio 6 Mk1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17CC
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe usb compliant, pre amps, 24bit 96kHz adc, ocassional dropouts, plastic build top with metal around 3/4, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments NI Komplete Audio 1 and 2 USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17CC
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, good pre amp ein -129.5 dBu, ad/dc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://support.native-instruments.com/hc/en-us/articles/360014683497-Apple-Silicon-Compatibility-News Native Instruments Komplete Audio 6 Mk2] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17CC
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, pre amps, 24bit 192kHz adc, black aluminum glass build, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[ Native Instruments Traktor Pro] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17cc
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 maybe usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation AudioHub 2x4 NOVHUB01 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, usb-b powered, no xlr, focusrite sounds inside, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation AudioHub 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Prodipe Studio 22 Pro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Schiit HEL 1 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Schiit HEL 2 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 gaming headsets mostly 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-3 Audio Capture
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1998 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-30 Audio Capture
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1999 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA1A UA-1D Audio Capture
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-5 Audio Capture (Roland)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-1000 Audio Capture
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-1EX, Cakewalk UA-1G  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 not usb compliant driver also supports ASIO (Steinberg Audio Stream I/O Interface), noisy 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Duo Capture UA-11 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland QUAD-CAPTURE Analog 2x2 Digital 2x2 USB 2.0 4in/4out
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 not usb compliant, usb-b powered 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Manuals/Rosegarden/Setup Roland Edirol UA-101 and UA-1000 (Clemens Ladisch driver)]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/mmueller-kaffeeschluerfercom/UA-25-Firmware-Modification Roland Edirol ua-25]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 maybe usb compliant 16bit 44.1kHz sampling without MIDI but not USB class complient when in Advanced mode for 24bit or midi 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Edirol by Roland USB AudioCapture UA-25EX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x00e6, 0x00e7
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant if ADVANCED DRIVER switched to OFF might play and record at 44.1kHz and 16-bit samples 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Audio Interface V-Studio 20 VS-20 Cakewalk
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 maybe not usb compliant, usb-b powered, 1 xlr, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA55 UA-55 Quad Cakewalk 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x012f
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 not USB class compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland DUO-CAPTURE EX UA-22 USB Audio
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0159
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant but not be used with a USB 3.0 port that is not compatible with USB 2.0 specification, vs pre amps, adc, three AA batteries in base, or an AC adapter psb-1u 9V 2A - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Rubix series Roland Rubix22 USB 2.0 Audio Interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Rubix series Roland Rubix24 USB 2.0 Audio Interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg MI2, Steinberg MI4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg (2004 Yamaha buys) MIDI interface hardware including the CC like CC121 CC-121 and CI1 CI2 series.
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR12 UR22
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe not usb compliant, poor pre-amps, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR44 usb audio interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe not usb compliant, poor pre-amps, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR242 audio interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 maybe usb compliant, usb powered or 5v psu, okay pre-amps, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR22mkII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 maybe usb compliant, okay pre-amps ein -123 dBu, ad/dc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR-RT 2 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 maybe usb compliant, usb2.0 usb-b, pre-amps, ad/dc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR44C (USB3) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg URX22C UR22C  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 maybe usb compliant, preamps okay but little noisy, ad/dc. 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR22 MkIII UR series
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant usb-c, okay pre-amps, adc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tapco LiNK.USB 2x2 (Loud technologies WA, USA) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 maybe not compliant, usb-b, poor pre-amps hum, latency issues, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://git.alsa-project.org/?p=alsa-tools.git;a=blob;f=usx2yloader/README;hb=3843634ef0310a952b256bcb6a4ddd0ad4ebe396 Teac Tascam US-422 US-428 US2XYloader] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam US-122 US-224 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 not usb compliant, needing firmware usx2yloader/us122fw.ihx for audio sound card - Tascam US-122 and US-122L are not the same - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam US-122L 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x800e
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 not usb compliant, obsolete needs tascam_loader.ihx and us122fw.ihx firmware loaded each time unless automated 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam US122 US-122 Mk2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 not usb compliant although USB2 downgrade so using USB1.1 UHCI, tascam units suffer from high round-trip latency as do most typical USB units
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam US144 US-144 Mk2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 maybe usb compliant although USB2 downgrade so using USB1.1 UHCI, tascam units suffer from high round-trip latency as do most typical USB units
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac TASCAM US-200 USB 2.0 Audio / MIDI Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac US-366 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac TASCAM US-600 USB 2.0 Audio / MIDI Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac TASCAM US-800 USB 2.0 Audio / MIDI Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 may not be totally usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam iU2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Corp Tascam US-2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 usb compliant?, 5v dc power, midi out in, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Corp Tascam US-4x4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; usb compliant?, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam US-16x08 US-20x20
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;teyun q12 Q-12, q22 Q-22 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant - unknown pre amp, unknown ad/dc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teyun q26 Q-26, q24 Q-24 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant - unknown pre amp, unknown ad/dc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha UW500
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 not class compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha Audiogram 3 USB Digital Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 maybe usb compliant, okay pre amp, 16bit 44kHz adc no advanced features without dedicated asio driver, 1 xlr, 1 instrument, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha Audiogram 6 USB Digital Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant, okay, 2 xlr, 2 instrument, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom UAC-232 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, okay, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom UAC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, okay, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.arcam.co.uk/products,rseries,usb-dacs,rPAC.htm Arcam rPac] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audioquest Dragonfly 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audioengine D1 Premium 24-bit DAC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Beresford TC-7520 (Burr Brown PCM 1716) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Beresford TC-7520 + Burson Buffer + MK3 JKSPDIF
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://epiphany-acoustics.co.uk/products-page/dacs/e-dac-24bit-miniature-usb-dac/ Epiphany E-DAC 24bit] ES9023 DAC chip 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Firestone Audio FUBAR II Mk2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Firestone Audio iLoveTW 24Bit USB DAC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FiiO D5 ta2020 chip amp 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FiiO E07K Andes 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FiiO E17 Alpen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GoVibe Magnum 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GoVibe Martini-U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GoVibe Vulcan 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Halide Design DAC HD (Wolfson WM8716) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HRT Steamer II USB DAC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;John Kenny JKDAC uses a 24-bit/192&amp;nbsp;kHz Sabre ES9022 DAC or better JKDAC32 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; iBasso D12  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Leckerton UHA-6S MKII  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MyST 1866 PortaDAC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Objective DAC ODAC+O2  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rega DAC (Wolfson WM8742) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.henryaudio.com/open-source.php Henry Audio USB DAC 128 also known as QNKTC AB-1.2 open source DAC] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Henry Audio mkII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;AKM4430 DAC chip comes from Asahi Kasai 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DevilSound USB DAC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom U series
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;KingRex UD-01 SE (Burr-Brown PCM 2702E) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SuperPro 24/192 USB DAC (24bit 192&amp;nbsp;kHz, CS-4398 D/A chip) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| CMedia CM108 7.1ch emulation I2S in and out
| 0x1926
| 0x0003
| 0x0100
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| [http://www.lindy.co.uk/usb-2-audio-adapter/42961.html Lindy USB 2.0] (Chipset CM108)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| Speed-Link SL-8850-SBK Vigo ([http://mightyohm.com/forum/viewtopic.php?p=1036#p1030 CMedia CM108])
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| Dynamode USB SOUNDCARD 2.0 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0003
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1130
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| Dynamode Virtual 7.1 USB-SOUND7 (C-Media )
| 0x0d8c
| 0x000c 0x000e
| 1.00
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Generic White box with very little red led and white USB lead (CMedia )
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0d8c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 0c000e
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.00
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| CM109 CiT SC-U119 5.1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| CMedia CM1197.1ch I2C MCU port Penguin 
| 0x0D8C
| 0x0000
| 0x010
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sweex 7.1 Startech External USB, WMA Blue metal box SYBA SD-AUD20040, Sabrent USB-SND8, Sewell Vantec NBA-200U (C-Media CM6206 CM106 like) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0d8c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0102
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;50/50 if the item is detected but does not work 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative Labs SoundBlaster X-fi 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative X-Fi Go 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative X-Fi 5.1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative Sound Blaster Play! USB sound adapter (SB1140) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; working with [http://www.amiga.org/forums/showpost.php?p=646431&amp;postcount=15 Deneb on OS3] 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asus Xonar U1 (ASUS UA100 USB Audio Chip) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asus Xonar U3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Griffin iMic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Transit
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Icemat Siberia (steel series) (Cmedia chipset) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JMTek HY554, ZyXEL NSA-220, Logilink (Tenx Technology TP6911 and SSS-1623 headphone set) 
| 0x0C76 0x1130
| 0x1605 0x1607  0xf211
| 0x
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; reports on other OS not good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Plantronics &quot;DSP Adapter-01&quot; (or &quot;USB Adapter-02&quot;) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rocksmith Real Tone Cable 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RSA Intruder Predator 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech ICUSBAUDIO7
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0d8c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x000c
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.00
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Stoner Acoustics UD100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac UDH01-B  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Terratec Aureon 5.1 USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Terratec Aureon 5.1 USB MKII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TerraTec Electronic GmbH Aureon Dual USB
| 0x0ccd
| 0x0077 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Terratec Phase26
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust 510 EX 5.1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech A-5572A USB 2.0  to 3.5mm jacks Virtual 7.1 Surround Sound Adapter or accessory of Logitech Clearchat pro USB or Logitech USB Headset H530 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0003 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x046D
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trumix TM-10 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024  maybe cc 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trumix TM-12 USB-C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe cc usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Turtle Beach Audio Advantage Amigo Micro II USB Sound Card &amp; Headset Adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x10F5
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0211
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Vantec NBA-100U 7.1 Channel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}

 Companies including Access, Alesis, Allen&amp;Heath, American Audio, CME, ESI, Infrasonic, Lexicon, Numark, Presonus, Reloop, SIMS, Sound Devices, Steinberg, Swissonic, Tascam, Terrasoniq, Terratec, Yamaha and Yellowtec decided to license and bundle this driver. So fully functional custom drivers are available for Access Virus TI, Access Virus TI snow, Alesis Multimix 8 USB2.0, Alesis Multimix 16 USB2.0, Allen&amp;Heath XONE:2D, Allen&amp;Heath XONE:3D, Allen&amp;Heath XONE:4D, Allen&amp;Heath XONE:DX, Allen&amp;Heath XONE:DB4, American Audio Versa Port, CME XCORPIO, ESI ESU1808, ESI Gigaport AG / DG, ESI Maya 44 USB, Infrasonic Amon, Lexicon I-ONIX U22, Lexicon I-ONIX U42S, Lexicon I-ONIX U82S, Mindprint DI-MOD USB, Numark DJ IO, Numark NS6, Numark NS7, Numark Omni Control, Numark V7, Presonus Audiobox USB, Reloop Digital Jockey, SIMS Primus, Sound Devices USB pre, Steinberg MI2, Steinberg MI4, Swissonic Easy USB, Tascam M-164UF, Tascam US-122L, Tascam US-144, Tascam US-Tascam US-144mkII 122mkII, Tascam US-200, Tascam US-600, Tascam US-1641, Tascam US-1800, Tascam US-2000, Terratec Area 61, Terrasoniq Phase X64, Terratec Phase 26 USB, Yamaha UW10, Yamaha UW500, Yellowtec PUC2 and many others.

Well, those companies are using the same driver framework because all of those interfaces use the same microprocessor/firmware architecture to communicate with the USB bus. Just like almost all FireWire audio interfaces use the same TC Dice or BridgeCo chipsets. Usually it does not make sense for companies to develop their own USB1.1/USB2/FW framework for a product they are going to sell for &lt;$500.

However, that isn't the end of the story. The companies who develop audio interfaces implement different features into their devices and must update the driver and firmware to accommodate those features. That is where things can go wrong. Sometimes there is miss-communication about how things are coded, sometimes the developer who started a project leaves without transferring his knowledge to his successor, etc. You have to keep in mind that there are no &quot;big&quot; computer audio companies. Even the companies that seem big in the scale of the market, probably have fewer employees than you'd think.

A very well made interface that is designed from scratch from the ground up would be a very expensive device, regardless of whether it's USB, FW, PCIe or whatever.

Round-trip latency is the sum of the following:
&lt;pre&gt;
    ASIO input buffer
    ASIO output buffer
    A/D D/A converter latency
    The driver's hidden safety buffer
&lt;/pre&gt;
At a 64-sample ASIO buffer size/44.1k, Tascam units yield ~18ms total round-trip latency.

Typical USB audio interfaces use a large hidden safety buffer.
This helps ensure glitch-free playback... even under less than ideal circumstances. But... this comes at the expense of much higher round-trip latency. Short of doubling the sample-rate, there's no means of mitigating the higher round-trip latency.
If you have no plans of ever monitoring in realtime thru software based EFX/processing (ie: playing/monitoring DI bass thru an AmpSim plugin as you're playing), then this may not matter to you.
If you want the ability this play/monitor in realtime thru software based EFX/processing, make sure to get an audio interface that yields low round-trip latency.

As a point of reference the best PCI/e audio interfaces yield about 5ms total round-trip latency at a 64-sample ASIO buffer size/44.1k
The best Firewire and USB units yield 5.5-5.6ms total round-trip latency at those same settings.
Typical USB and Firewire units (that use a large hidden safety buffer) yield 12-18ms total round-trip latency at those same settings.

Anything above ~6ms starts to feel sluggish.
Anything above ~10ms feels like playing thru molasses.


USB Microphones 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;C-Media Electronics, Inc. CM108 Audio Controller Mic
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0d8c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x013c 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato WaveMic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Wave:1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 no driver }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Wave:3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 no driver lightweight }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;hyperx solocast 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;hyperx quadcast 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sennheiser CC510 USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis USB-Mic microphone podcasting kit 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audio-Technica AT2020 (AT202) AT4040
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audio-Technica AT2035 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer B1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Blue Microphones Snowball 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Blue Microphones Snowball iCE
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| cardioid only }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Blue Microphones Yeti 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|can pick up a lot of background noise but not sure if right mode used }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Blue Microphones Yeti Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| can pick up a lot of background noise but not sure if right mode used }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MXL 2001A/600 Studio Microphone Pack / MXL 2003A Studio Condenser
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft LifeChat LX-3000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Namtai SingStar(TM) PS2 SCEH-0001 USBMIC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1415
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0.01
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| mono microphones }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Neumann MT48 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Seiren X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Seiren Mini USB Condenser Microphone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rockband USB Mic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rode NT1A VideoMic Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rode Podcaster 2 USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| RODECaster Pro usb audio compatible}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rode NT1A NT2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  NT2 better }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland R-07
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson Go Mic - Portable USB Microphone for Recording 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| mini usb r.h.s. and clip on the bottom left hand side}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson Go Mic Clip On USB Microphone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| switch to choose between Cardiod, Omni and -10&amp;nbsp;dB modes, a 3.5mm headphone socket and a USB socket}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson C01U  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| cardoid only}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson C03U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Shure MV7 USB Podcast Microphone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Shure MV7+ XLR &amp; USB-C dynamic microphone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SONY PCM-D50 handy 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| one mini usb 5V, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PCM-M10 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| one mini usb out 5V, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SONY 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| one mini usb out, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SONY 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| one mini usb out, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TASCAM DR-1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008, one mini usb out, lithium battery}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-07 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009, one mini usb out, aa battery}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR05 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011, one mini usb port for file transfer and charging the AA batteries }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-40
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011  mini usb aa battery }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-07mkII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 , one mini usb out, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-05X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 , one micro usb out, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-07X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 , one micro usb out, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-40X
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 , one micro usb 3 aa battery }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-05XP 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 , one usb-c , }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-07XP 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 , one usb-c , }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-40XP
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 , one usb-c, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-100mkIII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| , usb , }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| , usb , }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2006 no driver, mini usb 5V }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0095
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007 no driver, mini usb 5V audio i/f USB Card and USB Audio; press the Record button when USB Audio is displayed. Press Record again to choose the default }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H4n 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 no driver, mini usb 5V }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0120
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010 no driver, mini usb 5V and display will alternate between USB Card and USB Audio; press the Record button when USB Audio is displayed. Press Record again to choose the default }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H2n 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 no driver, mini usb 5V audio i/f press the Record. Press Record again to choose the default }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H4n PRO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 no driver, mini usb 5V }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 untested, 2xlr, 5v mini usb, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 no driver, 5v mini usb, 2 xlr, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H1n-vp handy 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 no driver, mini usb 5V }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H6studio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom Q3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 untested usb a cord, no hdmi, 480p}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom Q3HD Handy Video Recorder 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010 untested, built in usb-a cord, mini hdmi, 1 hour on 2 AA batteries, H.264 movies 480p }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom Q2HD Handy 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 untested, up 720p but no stablisation, mini usb cord, 1 hour on 2 AA batteries}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom Q4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 untested, li-ion battery}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom Q4N 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2015 untested, li-ion battery}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audio Technica ATR4697-USB Boundary Microphone
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CAD Audio CAD USB Condenser Boundary Microphone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MXL AC-44 Boundary Conferencing Mic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson Audio SAUB1 Boundary Microphone (USB)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


USB Speakers 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focal XS 2.1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


USB Headset Wired/Wireless 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Logitech Vantage Wired (came free with PS2 Socom3)
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Logitech G330 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Logitech Premium USB Stereo Headset 350
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Plantronics DSP-300 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Plantronics GameCom 777
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Logitech G-930 Wireless
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| [http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/set-usb-wireless-earphones/ Plantronics Audio 995 Wireless RF] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Sennheiser  Wireless
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Be1e0QPIPK0 Mixers]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ALESIS MULTIMIX 4 CHANNEL USB MIXER
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis - MultiMix 8 USB FX (USB 1.0)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 usb compliant?, up to 16-bit/48kHz, 18v 500mA - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis - MultiMix 8 USB 2.0 FX (USB 2.0)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 usb compliant?, up to 16-bit/48kHz, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Allen&amp;Heath MixWiz16
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Allen and Heath ZED Power 1000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb 8 xlr, usb-b out, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Allen &amp; Heath ZEDi-10
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer XENYX 302USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 5-Input Mixer/Audio Interface - 1 xlr - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Xenyx Q502USB Mixer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|no driver}} Behringer 2*18.5V 250ma psu - 1 xlr - phanton power - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Xenyx Q802USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} Behringer 2*18.5V 250ma psu - 2 xlr - phanton power - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BEHRINGER XENYX 1204USB 8-Channel 2-Bus Mixer USB/Audio Interface Studio/Live
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} iec kettle psu lead - can develop constant background hiss over time 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer XENYX X1222USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver - 12-Channel Analog Mixer with USB Interface and Effects}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Depusheng HT-7 HT7USB 7 Channel Audio Mixer
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2023 cheap no driver, USB MP3 player to work, format your USB stick Fat32 as a Logical drive - not primary}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Depusheng XT7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2025 cheap no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Depusheng DT8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2025 cheap no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Spirit soundcraft Folio FX8 with Lexicon Effects Processor
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} unusual power connector - [https://github.com/lack/soundcraft-utils usb routing] -  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Weymic Professional F7 7-Channel 2-Bus Mixer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2022 no driver, cheap mixer with 3pin ac input (introduces noise) and 1 usb-a port}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Weymic Professional F7-Pro 7-Channel 2-Bus Mixer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2022 no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Weymic A80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2024 no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
|}


Mixer no hardware usb 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ALTO Lynx MIX82FX Audio Mixer
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alto L16 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer MXUL5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer MX602A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Eurorack UB502
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb 17.5V 3pin psu needed}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Eurorack UB802 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb 2 xlr,}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Eurorack UB1002 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb 2 xlr,}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Eurorack UB1202 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb 4 xlr, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Eurorack UB1602 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer RX1602 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer 802 XENYX 8-Input 2-Bus Mixer Small Format Mixer
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} Behringer 18.5V ???ma psu - 2 xlr - phanton power - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Xenyx 502 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Xenyx 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IMG stage Line MMX-122 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb, 4 xlr, iec cable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie 802VLZ4 Mackie 802-VLZ4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb , psu}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie 1202-VLZ Pro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb, mains iec}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie Mix5 Mixer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}} 18v 300mA psu - 5 Channel - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie Mix8 Mixer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}} 9v x2 600mA psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie MIX12FX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb, 4 xlr, 9v 500mA x2 psu, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.soundcraft.com/en/product_documents/en/owners_manual Soundcraft] Spirit Folio F1 Fader 100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} 16 Channel Mixer - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft EPM6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft EPM8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Harman Soundcraft EPM 12 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} iec kettle power lead - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft EPM 16
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft Notepad 8FX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft Notepad UI12
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; connect via wifi 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft Notepad UI16
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; connect via wifi 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft Notepad 124FX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection, 14.8V x2 3 pin psu}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;t.mix xmix 1402fx mp usb
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection, mains iec, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
|}


==Webcameras==

A USB camera has two dedicated chips: a controller or bridge and an image sensor.

There was no Commodore support for video interfaces. The only commercial, now discontinued application that defined some sort of standard was VHI Studio by iospirit.

===OLD standards===

See [http://www.e3b.de/usb/main_supported_e.html support pages] and [http://www.e3b.de/usb/main_faq_e.html here] and some [http://webcam-osx.sourceforge.net/cameras/index.php?orderBy=status further compatibility]


Pencam STV680
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| AIPTEK stv680 
| 0x0553 
| 0x0202 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Konica e-mini 
| 0x04c8 
| 0x0722 
|
| {{N/A|untested }}
|-
| DigitalDream l'espion XS 
| 0x1183 
| 0x0001 
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| [http://reviews.cnet.com/webcams/creative-webcam-go/1707-6502_7-1446174.html Creative WebCam Go mini] 
| 0x041e 
| 0x4007 
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}


SonixcamTool (Sonix webcams and derivates)

'''Note [http://amigadev.free.fr/sonix/ some] Sonix Webcams with a Sonix SN9C1xx controller ''and'' a pas106b or tas5110c1b sensor support bulk mode which works even with pciusb.device!'''
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Macally IceCam II
| 0x0c45
| 0x05d8
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Sweex MiniCam 100K 
| 0x0c45 
| 0x6005 
| 
| {{N/A|untested - sensor tas5110c1b}}
|-
| Macally IceCam Portable 
| 0x0c45
| 0x6007
| 
| {{N/A|untested - sensor tas5110d}}
|-
| Sweex 100K 
| 0x0c45 
| 0x6009 
| 0x0101
| {{yes|bulk works - sensor pas106b}}
|-
| [http://www.epinions.com/pr-Chicony_TwinkleCam_Webcam/display_~full_specs Chicony Twinkle DC-2110A] 
| 0x0c45
| 0x600d
| 
| {{no|no}}
|-
| Unknown
| 0x0c45
| 0x601e
| 
| {{no|no}}
|-
| USB PC Camera (SN9C102)
| 0x0c45 
| 0x6028
| 
| {{no|no - sn9c10x + pas202b}}
|-
| Trust SpaceC@m 120 and 150
| 0x0c45 
| 0x6029
| 
| {{N/A|untested - sensor pas106a}}
|-
| HiRes Webcam Live
| 0x0c45 
| 0x602c
| 
| {{no|no - sensor ov7630}}
|-
| [http://www.sweex.com/en/assortiment/sound-vision/webcams/JA000020 Sweex USB Webcam 300K]
| 0x0c45
| 0x608f
| 
| {{no|no - sensor ov7630}}
|-
| Speedlink Sphere Webcam SL-6820, 350K
| 0x0c45
| 0x613c
| 0x0101
| {{N/A|untested - sensor HV7131R}}
|-
| WB-3250P
| 0x0c45
| 0x613e
| 
| {{no|no - sensor ov7630}}
|-
| Unknown
| 0x0c45 
| 0x6207
| 
| {{no|no}}
|}

&lt;pre&gt;
micromaxx USB Camera 	STM 	1363 	514 	works 	---
USB Tower 	Lego 	1684 	1 	works 	need NCQ
Trust Spycam 100plus 	STM 	1363 	514 	works
&lt;/pre&gt;


ov51x.class - no driver
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| D-Link VGA Webcam (640x480) 
| 0x05a9
| 0x8519
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Sony PS2 EyeToy Logitech/Logicool Black (ov519) SCEH-0004 
| 0x054c
| 0x0154
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Sony PS2 EyeToy Namtai Silver (ov519) SLEH-00031 SLEH-00030
| 0x054c
| 0x0155
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
|}


===UVC.class - [https://www.usb.org/document-library/video-class-v15-document-set USB Device Class Definition for Video Devices or USB Video Class]===

 AROS does not supported as still needs an uvc.class which might create a virtual UVC.VHI or an expanded streaming device driver for use by AROS apps 

*2003 UVC 1.0 baseline streaming of uncompressed YUV422, MJPEG, and compressed MPEG-2 TS, DV 
*2005 [http://www.cajunbot.com/wiki/images/8/85/USB_Video_Class_1.1.pdf UVC 1.1] baseline HD 720p streams formats, usb2 support, 
*2012 [https://www.usb.org/document-library/video-class-v15-document-set UVC 1.5] added usb3 devices and compressed h.264 and VP8 formats 
*2019 the market is filled with UVC Compliant USB HDMI Capture


*Aros needs to read the camera’s class-specific Video Control (VC) unit and terminal descriptors.
*Identifies the devices as UVC-compatible and links it to the native UVC class driver, so no separate driver installation is required.
*Aros and camera determine the appropriate streaming settings, including format, resolution, and frame rate.
*Once set, video data moves from the image sensor to the onboard ISP, then through the USB controller and into the host system for viewing, analysis, or recording 
*More advanced functions, such as HDR, ROI, and hardware trigger support, can be managed 


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acasis 4K30 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acasis 4K60 HD VS009
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|4k 60hz ok for chat streams}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acasis 4K60 HDMI HDR Game Live Video Capture
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| for chat streams }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AJA U-tap HDMI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ASUS TUF CU4K30 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ATEN CAMLIVE HDMI to USB-C UVC Video Capture adapter UC3020 HDMI (F) TO USB-C M 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 possibly UVC and UAC standard support allows up to 1080P @ 60}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avermedia Live Streamer Cap 4K - BU113 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 uvc usb3}}  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia GC515 video capturing device 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 USB 3.2 Gen 1 (3.1 Gen 1)}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer Ultra GC553
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 usb3 powered by Type C USB cable and 4K HDMI cable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer Ultra S GC553PROW 302AGC553DL2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1553
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 powered by good quality type C USB3 cable and 4K HDMI 2.0 cable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVermedia Live Gamer Mini GC311 302AGC311DG9 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1311
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 uvc compliant up to 1080p 60fps capture and supports internal hardware H.264 encoding - if flashing blue light try another '''quality''' micro usb cable - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Ez Recorder 330 (ER330) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 designed to work independently and is generally not compatible as a plug-and-play UVC capture card }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer extreme3 GC551G2 (LGX3) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3551
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 uvc compliant for intensive gaming streams, some vrr but no hdr with maximum recording resolution of 4K30/1080p60 from fully wired usb3 compatible cable - passing through 4K60/1080p120 Game Capture video capturing device HDMI}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer Ultra Pro GC553Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 usb3 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer Ultra 2.1 GC553G2 61GC553G20BV video capturing device 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 USB 3.2 Gen 1 (3.1 Gen 1)}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia GC575
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 usb3 powered by Type C USB cable and 4K HDMI cable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVMatrix 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ClonerAlliance Flint 4KP Plus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DIGITNOW U600 video capture card 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 uvc uac  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epiphan AV.io HD
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epiphan AV.io 4K 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Cam Link 4K 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0FD9
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/elgatosf/capture-device-support Elgato HD60 S+]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0FD9
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x006C, 0x006E
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 4K 30FPS capture, 1080p 60FPS uvc}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato HD60 X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0FD9
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Cam Link 4K HDMI video capture card 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0FD9
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 uvc compliant but can have usb disconnects}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EVGA XR1 USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 USB 3.0 device with 1080/60 capture and 4K/60 passthrough}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EVGA XR1 lite USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 USB 3.0 device }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EVGA XR1 Pro USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 USB 3.0 device with 1080/60 capture and 4K/60 passthrough}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EZcap Game Link Raw - ezcap321 usb3.1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 2160p30, 1080p120 and 1440p60 HDMI input and pass-through. - 1080p120, 2160p30 and 1440p60 recording. - Latency less than 50ms uvc}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EZCap GameDock Ultra 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 record at 4K30, 1440p60, and 1080p120}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EZcap 360 Game Capture Extreme 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 USB 3.0, 4K 60FPS passthru and 1080p 240FPS}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EZCAP 364 GameDock Extreme 2.1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Genki ShadowCast 1 &amp; 2, the Pro version 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HAUPPAUGE HD PVR Pro 60 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021  4K in/Out 1080P 60fps Capture and Streaming PC Connected and Stand Alone }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;INOGENI 4K2USB3 2830 3826 HDMI 4K to USB 3.0 UHD 1080p Video Capture Card 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2997
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0004
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 uvc compliant made in Canada - usb3-b socket and 1 hdmi 1080p from 23.98 up to 60p, 4K@30 fps maybe - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kondor Blue 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nanjing Magewell Electronics Co ltd USB 3.0 XI100DUSB-HDMI Pro Capture 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell USB3.0 Silver HDMI Full HD Video Capture Device 1080p 32011 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 usb audio extract HDMI embedded audio output via headphones}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell USB capture HDMI PLUS 2K 32040 320400000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 captures video up to 1920×1200, 1920×1080 or 2048×1080 at 60 fps over an HDMI capture from devices such as game consoles in up to DCI 4Kp60 4:2:0 input resolution, and it automatically upscales/downscales the signal to 2K for recording or streaming}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell USB capture HDMI Gen2 32060 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2015 1080p gets hot, 165M HDMI receiver, max input 2048x1080 60fps 4:4:4, RGB/YUV 4:4:4 8/10/12-bit, YUY 4:2:2 12-bit, up to 8-channel 24-bit HDMI-embedded audio at 192kHz, HDMI 1.4a, output from 480p to 1080p, YUY2/UYVY/RGB24/RGB32 support video cropping, up/down scaling, de-interlacing, aspect ratio conversion, color format conversion, frame rate conversion, flip and mirror, up to 2-channel IEC60958 audio streams, 5V 0.5A 2.5W, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell USB Capture 4K Plus 32090 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 limited by the bandwidth of USB 3.0, the maximum frame rate can only reach 30 fps when capturing}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell USB Capture 4K PRO
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell Pro Convert IP to USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|Captures one network eth NDI® High Bandwidth, NDI® HX2, NDI® HX3 sources or H.264/H.265 video source into software at resolutions up to 1080p60}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell USB Fusion 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|versatile USB video capture device that allows users to switch between two HDMI inputs and one USB webcam input for live presentations}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ROLAND UVC-01 USB Video Capture
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2020  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sunplus Innovation Technology Inc. MiraBox HSV321 ARX321 Video Capture device 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;ox1bcf
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2c99
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 uvc uac  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UGREEN CM716 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| uvc uac but disable HDCP on your source device (PS4/PS5, Xbox) }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VisionTek UVC HD60 Capture Card
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acer Aspire Crystal Eye AOA110 AOA150 0.3M 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2008 webcam }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Streamer CAM 313 (PW313) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2019 uvc 1080p/30 webcam}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Streamer DUO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2021 uvc 1080p/60 webcam}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://reviews.cnet.co.uk/webcams/creative-live-cam-optia-af-review-49294183/ Creative Live Cam Optia AF] 2.0M
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{no|2008 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DSLR macro extensions + a cheap 50mm E-Series lens + some PVC tubing and a negative holder 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes| if uvc camera chosen}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DSLR scanning using a macro lens, for the adapter, for a 3d printed negative holder) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes| if uvc camera used }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech C270 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0825
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|720p }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech C910 C920 HD Pro 5Megapixels 720p 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|Output mjpg 1080p}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech C920s c922 HD Pro 5Megapixels 1080p 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|Output mjpg 1080p}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Brio 100 300 500 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|}} 1080p 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech MX Brio 4k 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|4k}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft's LifeCam HD-3000 HD-5000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045e
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 0x0779
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.06
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft LifeCam Cinema 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft LifeCam Studio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} sony imx179 1080p 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pi 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} 1/2.8” Sony IMX291 image sensor, it's a 2MP, UVC-compliant, ultra-wide-angle, low light, high-speed USB 2.0 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} OV5648 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;razer kiyo 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} 4 megapixel sensor 1080p 30fps 720p 60fps - 12 led ring light adjustable 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TeckNet C068 1.3mpixel HTD USB2.0 Camera Vimicro Z-Star Corp 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0AC8
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 0x3420 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x01FA
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/wltechblog/thingino-installers/tree/main/wyze-cam-4 Wyze Cam V4] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H0QLiC9QoQU firmware]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no| verified with os04d10 sensor (i2c 0x3c) but not GC4653 (i2c 0x29)}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;YEALINK(XIAMEN) NETWORK UVC50 is compatible with the UVC 1.1 protocol CP960-UVC50 and CP960-UVC80 kits PTZ, CP960-UVC30 Kit is UVC 1.5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amcrest ProHD 1080P WiFi Wireless IP Security Camera - 1080P (1920TVL), [https://www.ispyconnect.com/man.aspx%3Fn%3DAmcrest IP2M-841] nvr 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} h264/rtsp, motion detection, features Sony image sensor and Ambarella processor - rtsp://[username]:[password]@[IPaddress]:[port]/cam/realmonitor?channel=[channel]&amp;subtype=[stream] - [username] - username to login to the DVR or NVR, [password] - password, [IPaddress] - IP address of the device. If you are not on the same local network, this should be the external IP address of the device's network, [port] - port number, [channel] - channel number of the stream, [stream] - view the Main or Sub stream. (main stream is 0, sub stream is 1) , eg. rtsp://admin:admin@192.108.1.108:80/cam/realmonitor?channel=1&amp;subtype=1 - utilizing RTSP ( rtsp://user:pass@ipcam1 )  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Axis all modern ones 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} RTSP/RTP + H264/mjpeg or MJPEG over HTTP
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PTZ 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DLink DCS-5222 5222L network camera 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} camera streams H.264 over RTP controlled by RTSP 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Dlink DCS900 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wansview 1080p [http://marc.merlins.org/perso/linuxha/post_2013-11-10_Reviewing-IP-Webcams-for-Linux-and-Zoneminder_Dlink-DCS900_-Ubnt-Aircam_-Foscam-FI8904W-FI8910W_-FFI9820W_-FI9821W_-Wansview-NCB541W_-and-Zavio-F3210.html#NCM625GA NCM625GA] IP Camera WiFi Wireless IP Security Camera , Full HD Plug n Play Home Surveillance / Baby Monitor 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} RTSP/RTP + H264/mjpeg - play its HD stream without problem with vlc rtsp://ip/live/ch0 and getting  jpegs http://ipaddr/mjpeg/snap.cgi?chn=0 - methods involve transcoding h.264 video from the camera into jpeg's, which is cpu intensive - able to pull images manually, using http://username:password@ip/mjpeg/snap.cgi - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wansview NCB541W
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avermedia Game Capture HD C281 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2011 standalone h.264 recording of up to component cable not hdmi but not uvc}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avermedia GL310 Live Gamer Portable (LGP Lite)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2014 not working usb2 and USB Lite no uvc}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avermedia AVerMedia Live Gamer Portable ([https://github.com/Trouffman/octv_gears_lgp Model C875])  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2014 usb2 no uvc}}   
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia LGX Live Gamer extreme GC550
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2015 but [https://github.com/ChrisAJS/lgx2userspace driver]}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia LGX2 Live Gamer extreme2 gc550 plus gc551 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2017 but [https://github.com/ChrisAJS/lgx2userspace driver]}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avermedia ExtremeCap UVC - BU110 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2017 maybe not uvc and uac}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer Portable 2 Plus GC513 Micro-USB Capture Box LGP2 Plus
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1513
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2017 powered by a standard Micro-USB cable, video capture output up to 1080p60 capture to hdmi in, standalone sd card recording on exFAT or FAT32 of .MOV, 2160p pass-through hdmi out to tv - no vrr - [https://www.avermedia.com/uk/support/download#ans_part firmware latest 2.1.7.13, 2.1.7.14], SN74AVC8T245 8bit, DRV604 stereo, iTE IT6663FN hdmi 2.0 splitter, TLV320DAC3101 DAC, CS42L73 audio codec, CDCE913 PLL clock, W29N01HVSINA nand bios, I-Catch V35MA SOC CPU 32bit MIPS24K, ADV7480 hdmi mhl, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer 4K LG4K GC573 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2018 not uvc but [https://github.com/derrod/lg4k-linux drivers here], }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Blackmagic intensity Extreme Capture Card
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2011 not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BlackMagic Intensity Pro 4k 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2015 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Video Capture (1VC108601000)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Game Capture 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc, mini usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Game Capture HD60 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Game Capture HD GCHD 2GC309901000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc https://github.com/tolga9009/elgato-gchd needs firmware mb86h57_h58_idle.bin and mb86h57_h58_enc_h.bin - mini usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato HD60S Elgato Game Capture 4K60 S+ Video Capture 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|non uvc, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;August EZCap.tv model 116 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }} poor audio recording 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;E-SDS Diamond Maplin 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge 1212 HD PVR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }} analog and component only - PlayStation (.m2ts), AVCHD (ts), or XBox(.mp4) recording formats - switched the component output from the default YPbPr to RGB. 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge 1431 1445 HD PVR Gaming Edition HDMI Capture 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2014 not working, can get warm}}  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge HD Rocket 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge HD-PVR2 (model 145210 Rev E4) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xE502
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge 1480 1482 HD PVR 2 GE Gaming Edition HDMI Capture green LED - 1498 1503 1504 Plus version with Mac support 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xe514 0xe524
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| can get warm - [https://ez.analog.com/video/w/documents/581/adv7482-design-support-files ADV7482] [https://patchwork.kernel.org/patch/9201075/ video chip] with Magnum DXT H.264 encoder blob, IDR keyframe generation poor - best for model 157210 and not 157221 and Game Edition Plus (model 157320) 2040:E505 E505-00-00AF1234 [http://www.hauppauge.com/site/support/linux.html#tabs-3 ]}} 
* HDMI: 1920x1080p50/60, 1920x1080i50/60, 1280x720p50/60, 720x480i, 720x576i, 640x480p60.
* Component: 1920x1080p50/60, 1920x1080i50/60*, 1280x720p50/60, 720x480p60, 720x480i, 720x576i.
* Composite: 720x480i and 720x576i 
* Audio Inputs : HDMI PCM and RCA support with Adjustable Bitrate Quality 2 Channel AAC/AC3 audio codec 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge 1512 HD PVR 2 PC blue LED with optical in input on the back 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xe525
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }} can get quite warm - IR Blaster added - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge Colossus2 E585-00-00AF4321 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xe585
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ion SLIDES2PC 35mm Portable Slide &amp; Film Scanner 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ion Pics 2 PC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ION PowerScan USB film and slide scanner
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2011 not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Koolertron Sunny 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FilmScan35 35mm Film Negative Scanner 1304 marks spencer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;U3 HD Capture 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/openrazer/openrazer Razer Ripsaw HD] Game Capture (RZ20-01780100)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2017 not uvc put in usb2 slot and use video BGR3 (Emulated) and OpenRazer drivers }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Ripsaw HD USB HDMI Capture Card 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1532
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0d01
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2018 not uvc compliant}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Silvercrest 35mm Photo Slide Scanner 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc but not great quality}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Z-Star Microelectronics Corp. Traveler TV 6500 SF Dia-scanner
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0ac8
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3370
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2010 not uvc and poor scans}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
|}


=== WebAR + WebVR = WebXR Headset ===

 AROS needs an usb based uvc.class to vhi like type driver for virtual display 

The primary engineering challenge of VR is motion sickness caused by a mismatch of visual and inner ear information, which is extremely well established as causing people to throw up in a wide range of contexts outside of VR. The experiences that make some people sick are low framerate. Foveated rendering doesn't solve vergence accommodation. Your eye will still be focused at infinity regardless of where you are looking, you'll just have the illusion that the foreground or background are out of focus. Eye tracking plus dynamic lenses (perhaps liquid lenses) or real light fields are necessary. 

First start with apps that have simple static features at first, then advance to dioramasa and teleportation options for 10, 20 minutes and then gradually upgrade over a timespan of four weeks to train your brain. Avoid smooth motion stuff like rollercoaster or mountain heights until much later. Even with this preparation, VR makes 40% of people seasick nausea. If so, you may be able to use VR glasses just to watch videos and some slow moving apps [https://www.emuvr.net/ emuVR] instead.

*2014-2019 1st Gen, low resolution, 
*2020-2025 2nd Gen, higher resolution, 
*2026-

Most hardware typically has a 1-3 year retail lifespan with 1-3 years of updates after. Really need &quot;right&quot; tethered PCVR rather than wireless. 
The advantage to being tethered to a PC is processing power. Any standalone headset is going to be running purely off of batteries.

VR and AR are known as XR

Technology will get immersed enough so not making people sick. Higher resolution, faster frame rates, and [https://github.com/opentrack/opentrack better tracking]. 
Eventually, hyper reality brings VR, AR and MR digital layers together as a less chaotic, optic tracking with no delay, agents understanding, experiences with objects 

3Dgs 4Dgs gassian splats bullet time slice photo snaps .ply for WebXR 

[https://lvra.gitlab.io/docs/hardware/ ], 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Big Screen Beyond 1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 pcvr 2560 x 2560, fixed IPD,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;bigscreen Beyond 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 pcvr oled 5120 x 2560 @75Hz 2688x2688 @90Hz over pancake lenses, 116 FOV, virtual screens, custom facial plate from iphone app, streamvr 2.0 basestations and controllers not included, no passthrough, 107g-196g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;bigscreen Beyond 2e 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 pcvr oled 5120 x 2560 total up to 90Hz pancake lens 116 FOV adjustable IPD app needed for adjustment, eye tracking, custom face mask cushion, streamvr 2.0 basestations and controllers not included, seperate head strap and speaker modules extra costs, 110g-300g }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Dpvr P1 Pro 4k Ultra Vr Headset 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 wireless snapdragon, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DPVR P2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Play for Dream MR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 android modular 3840x3552 uoled per eye 90Hz or qled mura issues, Arm snapdragon XR2+ Gen 2, eye tracking and 11 cameras 7 sensors 22 ir leds 14ms latency and foveated rendering, 1.5hrs battery, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Play for Dream GravityXR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 ultralight head gear gx100 3w }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://lvra.gitlab.io/docs/community/ Valve Index HMD] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 tethered PC VR headset 1440 x 1600 120Hz, 108° and 104° FOV, fresnel lenses, SteamVR2 compatible tracking ir basestations, controllers aka Knuckles, dp 1.2 and usb3 cable proprietary cable end, no battery, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Valve Steam Frame (Valve Deckard / Valve’s Index 2) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 - 2160 x 2160 up to 144Hz pancake lens, 108° and 96° FOV, wifi 6 fovelated streaming, Qualcomm Snapdragon 8 Gen 3 with [https://github.com/FEX-Emu/FEX fex] arm-to-x86 x64 translation layer, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PSVR2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 PCVR with adapter, two, one for each eye, 2000 x 2040 resolution OLED panels from 90Hz 120Hz refresh rates,  fresnel lenses, 116° and 102° FOV, sony proprietary headset cable end, needs additional comfort options, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VisionPro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Goertek glasses 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive ?
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| 2016 2x 1080x1200 needs external power supply, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Original 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 108° and 96° FOV}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 , uvc, at least 2 powered steamvr basestations so 3 to 5 wall warts in total, proprietary cable end, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Pro 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2017 dual 1440x1600 oled displays, 116° and 100° FOV - steamvr 2.0 basestation 2 for 5m2 area 4 for 10m2 - steamvr 2.0 joypads - low latency wireless later - type USB-c headphone adapter required, [https://github.com/CertainLach/VivePro2-Linux-Driver Rust on Linux] with [https://github.com/santeri3700/vive-pro-2-on-linux Shell], proprietary cable end, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lynx R1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 android Qualcomm Snapdragon XR2 Gen 1, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lynx R2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2026 company liquidated, 2 x 2312x2160 110 FOV pancake lenses, LynxOS android Qualcomm Snapdragon XR2 Gen, openxr 1.1, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Oculus Rift prototype development kit [https://www.virtual-boy.com/forums/t/the-oculus-rift-dk1-thread/ DK1] with [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X_T4DJyy2Bo wired razer hydra controllers]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2013 pcvr LCD 1280 × 800 resolution 640 × 800 per eye up to 110° FOV, and 3DoF rotational tracking via a 1000Hz 9-axis IMU (Accelerometer, gyroscope, and magnetometer), no positional optical tracking either inside-out or outside-in, 380g, nausea issues, , }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Oculus Rift prototype development kit [https://github.com/facebookarchive/RiftDK2/tree/master DK2], [https://www.ifixit.com/Teardown/Oculus+Rift+Development+Kit+2+Teardown/27613 ifixit teardown] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2014 pcvr, 5.7&quot; Super AMOLED display with a resolution of 960 x 1080 per eye 100° field of view, 1 usb Positional Tracker DK2 camera, lots of wires}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Facebook [https://github.com/thaytan/OpenHMD/tree/rift-kalman-filter Oculus Rift CV1] [https://noraisin.net/diary/?m=202201 some Linux support] [] [https://github.com/OpenHMD/OpenHMD/issues/330 AMD usb issues] [https://github.com/OpenHMD/OpenHMD/wiki/Xorg ] [https://github.com/Doc-Ok/OculusRiftCV1Camera Live Video] [https://www.youtube.com/@thaytan Youtube] [https://github.com/Fredrum/riftOnLinux Pi] [https://github.com/OhioIon/riftDriverPi ], but not quite there with the [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DSsCN6HFkWc consumer CV1], [https://forum.dcs.world/topic/142259-cv1-not-working-in-dcs/#comment-2878168 orange led could be HDMI Signal is not within HDMI Spec and might be Overclocked or usb3 not getting enough power frustrating],  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3031, 0x2031, 0x0031 and 0x0211 for 3p-a basestations lighthouses, 0x045e 0x02e6 for xbox wireless adapter 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2016 powered run from your PC maybe uvc via wired dual PenTile OLED 2160x1200 (1080x1200 per eye) @ exactly 90Hz but screen door effect (space between pixels), 87 FOV, IPD from 58mm to 72mm, good 3D audio and okay mic, constellation headset 6DOF (3-axis rotational tracking + 3-axis positional tracking) with up to 3 usb infrared basestation (1 in front and 2 behind pointing upwards) on usb3 and usb2 to your PC but the tracking can be fragile so set it up on a weekly basis, wired only HDMI 1.3, USB 3.0 bus powered with proprietary plug in headset, 470g 1lb front heavy, 2 robust 1st Gen touch controllers with external sensors i.e. outside-in - 1 aa alkaline over rechargable battery each , press occulus and B buttons for 2 secs to connect, headset traps air so gets very warm inside and random disconnects due to twisting action on the top of the headset and/or cables, t4 torx screws }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Facebook Occulus Go 32Gb 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2018 discontinued 2020 android based, Qualcomm Snapdragon 821 chipset (quad kyro with Adreno 530 gpu 3Gb RAM), single 5.5-inch LCD 2560x1440 or 1280×1440 pixels per eye and a refresh rate of 72 or 60Hz, 100 deg viewing angle, no inside-out and limited self tracking, micro usb, limited 2600mAh battery lasts under 2 hours at best, one wireless controller, not for gaming but very casual use, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Facebook Oculus Rift S [https://noraisin.net/diary/?m=202201 some Linux support] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0051 headset (cdc, audio, tracking data), 0x2052 usb hub, 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2019 PCVR wired dual LCD 1080 by 1200, 88 horizontal FOV, display port (fibre optic strands) and annoying USB3 copper cables (power, audio and other data) but proprietary port in the headset, no battery, cameras on the headset (&quot;inside-out&quot;) tracking so no base stations, non removeable head band and cushions and ipd hard to set, requires specific fragile Rift S/Quest1 2nd Gen Touch controllers which has a ring of translucent plastic with leds inside - t5 torx to disassemble for sticks drifting}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Facebook Occulus Quest 1 v50 50.0.0.198.257.455911078 / 49845030443200410 
*032Gb
*064Gb
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0183 (single adb boot), 0x0
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2019 android standalone wireless, 1440 x 1600 72Hz oled, front heavy though, play area 2m x 2m or bigger, low clocked Qualcomm Snapdragon 835 (MSM8998) (4x Kryo 280 Gold A73) + (4x Kryo 280 Silver A53) adreno 540, 2 to 3 hrs play time, 3640mAh battery, 575g, 2nd Gen touch controllers, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meta Oculus Quest 2 KW49CM aka Codename Del Mar Hollywood [https://www.meta.com/en-gb/help/quest/967070027432609/ fragile 3rd Gen Touch controllers] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cgejky8ZeoM internal 3640mAh battery] and selling over 20 million, more than all other quest headsets combined 
*064Gb 
*128Gb (110Gb free) 
*256Gb 
Setup continuous wifi, create Meta Oculus account, [https://developers.meta.com/horizon/ verify dev account, click on My apps], [ create Organization -&gt; My Organization Groupings], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QPInS5xxF-0 finally, meta quest mobile app to switch on adb], 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x5010 (), 0x0083 (massstorage), 0x0086 (), 0x0186 (adb and xrsp [https://github.com/shinyquagsire23/xrsp_tests tests]), 0x0090 (composite adb), 0x0081 (), 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0419
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 android stand alone, lcd 1832x1920 per-eye 90Hz refresh rate, 97 FOV, fresnel lenses, 6DOF (degrees of freedom), 58-63-68 IPD settings, low clocked Arm snapdragon xr2 gen 1 (Kryo 585 octo 8core specific xr vr mr ar cpu, adreno 650 gpu and 3rd gen hexagon npu), b/w but no color passthrough, 6 t2 torx and 5 ph00 screws in headset (long bit), discontinued December 31, 2024, feature updates until December 2026, critical bug fixes and security updates until December 2027, 470g, Oculus + B button on right controller (move) and Menu + Y button on left controller (click) for about 3 seconds, 10W 5v 2a, RTL8153 chipset usb support, 
*V59 50670960048600150 
*V60 efuse OTP to prevent firmware bios reversal 
*V77 pcvr issues 
*V79 unable 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Facebook Occulus Quest Pro aka Codename Seacliff 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2022 android standalone wireless 1440 x 1600 72Hz oled, 106° and 96° FOV mini lcd local dimming, pancake lenses, limited eye tracking, play area 2m x 2m or bigger, higher clocked snapdragon xr2 gen 1 arm cpu Arm apps, 1 to 2 hrs play time, new pro controllers with 3 cameras each, 5300mAh battery at rear, wireless charging, color passthrough, 9V 3A or 5V 3A, 
*v77 capped wifi 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meta Oculus Quest 3 aka Codename Eureka [ Air Light ALVR] or [ WiVRn] with fragile touch plus q3 controllers 
*128Gb
*512Gb
streaming from PC with [https://github.com/alvr-org/Monado-ALVR ALVR], runtime of [https://monado.freedesktop.org/ Monado steamvr alternative openxr openVR], with Envision GUI, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 standalone, pancake lenses on lcd 2064 x 2208 res panel per eye 1200ppi - 104° and 96° FOV - up to 120Hz, Arm snapdragon xr2 gen 2 apps,  foveated rendering, Meta Link cable USB-C 3.2, headstrap clamshell or halo style, speaker arms fragile, color passthrough, 5000mAh battery, 510g, 18W 9v 2A or 15W 5V 3A, 
*v74 ok 
*v76 pcvr issues 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meta Quest 3S aka Codename Ventura Panther  
*128Gb
*256Gb
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 Arm snapdragon xr2 gen 2 cpu (6core ), lcd 1832 x 1920 fresnel lenses, 97 FOV, headphone arms fragile, better air flow, no promixity sensor inside, Meta Link cable USB-C 3.2, passthrough, 4300mAh battery, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meta Boba 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 ultra-wide 180° x 120° FOV, snapdragon XR2 G2,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meta Tiramisu 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027  µOLED displays with 90 pixels per degree,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax 5K Super Plus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax 8K
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2020  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax 8K-X 8KX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax Crystal Light 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 tethered to PC with 2160 x 2160 4k 120Hz, 115° and 96° FOV, inside-out tracking, no battery, display port cable, variable qc and customer service, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax Crystal Super 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 tethered to PC with 3640 x 3640 4k 90hz, 116°+ and 100° FOV,  eye tracking, inside-out tracking, no battery, display port cable, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax Dream Air with Lighthouse(s)  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 tethered 3840 by 3552 @90Hz micro oled with pancake lens, 100 HFOV 96 VFOV but FOV IPD changes in app, link box for headset 2 split y cables, removable face gasket, 290g, steamVR2 bases and controllers, eye tracking, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax Dream Air SLAM 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026  Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) tracking inside-out so no base stations,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://somniumspace.com/ Somnium VR One VR1] [https://portal.vrgineers.com/user-guide/software/ open source] VR headset
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 pcvr 2880 x 2880 per eye @90 @120Hz, 125° horizontal 100° vertical FOV, 2 x SteamVR 2.0 bases, passthrough, 900g }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Varjo Aero VR-1 Headset 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 psu needed, 2 x Mini LED binocular of 150 nits, 2880x2720 per, 90Hz, FOV 102° horizontal, 73° vertical, 720g with headstrap, 2 x SteamVR 2.0 basestations, no speakers/mic, hdmi and usb3.0}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Varjo Aero XR-3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Varjo Aero XR-4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Camelo La Melaza Music Shield 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2026 no usb only bluetooth ,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;InAir 2 elite suite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 ar  nits 46FOV , , 4h battery life, 80g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Oakley Vanguard 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RayNeo Air 3s 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 AR 100in 46FOV 650nits, usb-c 79g  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RayNeo Air 3S Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 AR 135in virtual display 46FOV 1200nits, usb-c 80g }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RayNeo Air 4 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 AR oled vision 4000 processing, HDR10, 47 FOV }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rokid Max 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 ar 147in 50 FOV 650nits, usb-c back left, 76g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rokid AI Spatial with Station 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 AR 600nits 147in 50FOV  75g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rokid 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| ar ai smart glass}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Viture Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 135in 46 FOV 1000nits, magnetic connector, 77g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VITURE XR Luma 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 ar 147in 1200p 50 FOV, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Viture Luma Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 152in 52 FOV 1000nits 1200p, 3dof, , 79g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Viture Luma Ultra 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 in  FOV, 2 cameras, 3dof 6dof,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/wheaney/XRLinuxDriver Viture Luma Pro] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Viture Beast 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 ar 1250nits 58FOV 174in, magnetic,  88g,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VITURE Beast X Glasses models (Immersive 3D Moonlight) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 based 2D to 3D conversion with support DP Alt Mode (DisplayPort over USB-C), 1200p, 3df tracking, practic lenses 58deg POV, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xreal One 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 ar 600nits, 50FOV, 3dof, usb-c 84g,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;XReal One Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 ar 700nits 57FOV 171in, usb-c, x1 3dof, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nreal now Xreal Air 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 , micro-oled 1080p, audio, virtual uvc ar displays, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nreal now Xreal Real3D 1S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 AI based 2D to 3D conversion 57 FOV, , virtual uvc ar displays not vr, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xiami XR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xtal 8k
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apple Vision Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2022 tethered AR mixed reality glasses,   3300ppi, 800g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Google XR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Focus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 standalone }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Focus Plus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 android with 2 1440 x 1600 75Hz amoled, inside-out, durable motion controllers, Vive port,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Pro EYE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2019 dual-OLED displays 2880 x 1600 combined resolution), SteamVR 2.0 tracking, foveated rendering, Tobii, it enables gaze-based menu navigation with avatar eye contact, proprietary cables, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vibe Cosmos 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2018  poor tracking and lifespan on controllers,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vibe Cosmos Elite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2020 1440x1700 per eye resolution, 90 Hz refresh rate, 6 DoF tracking, 2880 x 1700 combined pixel resolution, 97° FoV, two controllers and two base stations. Lighthouse tracking, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Focus Vision Wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Focus 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 per-eye resolution of 2448×2448 at 90 Hz, a 120-degree field of view, Qualcomm Snapdragon XR2 Gen 1,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive XR Elite VR Headset Deluxe Pack 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2022 snapdragon xr2 gen 1, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pico Goblin 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2017 android based, 2.5K 1280x1440 per eye @70Hz, 92° FoV, and 3DoF (three degrees of freedom) tracking (Orientation tracking only—yaw, pitch, roll), single controller, snapdragon 820, ipd adjustment 54-71 mm, 600g,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico G2 4K
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2020 android standalone VR headset, 3840 x 2160 (4K) LCD screen, Snapdragon 835 processor, 3DoF so rotational movement (looking around, pointing) rather than positional movement (walking, leaning), does not support hand or eye tracking, 800g }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico NEO 2 EYE
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2020 6DoF 360g snapdragon 845 display 4k 75Hz tracking inside-out - magnetic field for controllers - pico software on android 8 - eye tracking }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico Neo 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 Snapdragon XR2 Gen, 4K 3664 x 1920 90Hz lcd, battery at rear, displayport, Pico apparently emulates Oculus controllers, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico Neo 3 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico Neo 3 Link 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico 4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 2160x2160 panel per eye 75Hz 90Hz 105 FOV, Arm snapdragon xr gen 1, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico 4 ultra 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 2160 x 2160 @90 105 FOV, snapdragon XR2 G2, streaming from PC with alvr, wireless streaming from PC with WiVRn, Pico apparently emulates Oculus controllers, not plug and play, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico 5 aka Project Swan aka Vision Pro Competitor 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 micro-oled BOE 3840 x 3840 4000ppi per eye, MLA pancake lenses, custom pico arm cpu, pico os 6 android, eye and hand tracking, 300g,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung Galaxy XR VR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 3552 x 3840 @60-90 109 FOV , Arm snapdragon XR2+ Gen 2, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Shiftall MeganeX 8K 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 android  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://en.shiftall.net/products/meganex8k MeganeX Superlight 8K] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 android (3552 x 3840 pixels) into pixel count yields 27.27MP 10-bit HDR-compatible 4K resolution micro OLED panels @90Hz, pancake lenses 94 FOV, SteamVR™ tracking, 180g, 5V 2A, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://en.shiftall.net/products/meganex8kmk2 MeganeX 8K Mk2 MkII] [https://github.com/sboys3/CustomHeadsetOpenVR community] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 pcvr linux, 4K per eye (1.35inch micro OLED 3552x3840 10 bit HDR) 27MP @90Hz 75Hz 72Hz pancake, upto 108 hor 100 vert FOV, usb-c and dp cables to breakout box, 5V 2.1A, 200g}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Shiftall 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Shiftall 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acer Windows(TM) MR AH101 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 Dual 2.89” LCD panels 2880 x 1440 combined (1440 x 1440 per eye) Up to 90Hz (HDMI 2.0), or 60Hz (HDMI 1.4), Field of View FOV 95, Tracking Inside-out, lots of light leak, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acer H7001 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2017 wmr 1440 x 1440 per-eye resolution @90Hz refresh rate, and 100-degree field of view FOV, inside-out tracking with front-mounted cameras so no external sensors, flip-up visor design but has a &quot;screen door effect,&quot; subpar foam padding, win10 to win11 24H2,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Dell Visor Mixed Reality VRP100 VR118
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2017 2x 1440x1440 a bit of nose light leak }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fujitsu 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2017 cheap and lots of light leak }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/HadesVR HadesVR] with [https://github.com/ManoloMancelli/Persephone-Classic-Controller Persephone Controller]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HFaVjB1uNOM Persephone 3 Pro DiY 6Dof SteamVR Headset], 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HP Reverb G1 VR1000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 WMR 2160 x 2160 @90Hz, 115 FOV, , hp proprietary headset cable end, 2 camera tracking but poor and controllers can be unresponsive, 500g front heavy, flight sims rather than gaming,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HP 1440p Spatial Computing 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 dim display }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://forums.x-plane.org/forums/topic/294764-vr-in-linux-without-steam/ HP Reverb G2] WMR VR3000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2020 2 2160 x 2160 90Hz, needs Windows10 or Win 11 24H2, 4 camera tracking, controllers can be unresponsive, hp proprietary headset cable end, , }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HP 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mirage Solo is a Standalone VR headset
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 Qualcomm Snapdragon 835, 1280x1440 per eye resolution, 75 Hz refresh rate, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lenovo Explorer VR2511N (G0A2) VR windows mixed reality (WMR) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 LCD 2.89&quot; 1440 x 1440 per eye @90Hz, 6 DOF position tracking, 400g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/relativty/relativty open source relativty] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung MHD Odyssey XE800ZAA WMR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 9V 500mA oled screens 2x 1440x1600 with usb3 and hdmi cables but bluetooth dongle required }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung MHD Odyssey+ Plus WMR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 dual 3.5-inch AMOLED displays 2880 x 1600 total @90Hz, 6DOF inside-out tracking with usb3 and hdmi cables but bluetooth dongle required, use only win10 or win11 24H2,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PSVR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2016 2x 1080x960 up to 120Hz, lots of cables and computation brick, sony camera needed for tracking, ps4 or move controllers, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Virtuality 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|1992 , , Amiga 3000 with TI chips, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Virtuix Omni 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 VR treadmill changed course to commercial VR and pivotted back again 2020, }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


=== HDMI CEC transmitter and receiver ===

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


=== TV Remote Control MCE IR transmitter and receiver ===

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Compro K100 K300
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|need extra software support}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elitegroup Computer Systems
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1019
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0f38
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GMYLE MCE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|acts as usb-hid with limited keyboard like controls }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge WinTV-PVR kit
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Harmony 300 i300 600 650 800 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|need extra software support}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft MCE Commander 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2005 need extra software support}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft 1039 rev 1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2005 home top of square shape direction keys}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft 1039 rev 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2006 home under circle spaced direction keys}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft 1069 SMK Manufacturing, Inc
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0609
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0334 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2007 untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Philips RC1974506/00 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0471
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0815
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony RM-MCE10E PC REMOTE CONTROL VGN-AR21M VGX-XL100 VGN-AR21B/AR21S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony RM-MCE20E PC REMOTE CONTROL
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony RM-MCE30E PC REMOTE CONTROL VGN-AW21XY VGX-TP3E VGX-TP3G 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony RM-MCE50E PC REMOTE CONTROL VGC-LA2R 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TSDX-IR14 USB MCE Media Center External Infrared IR Receiver
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;chipsets support CIR (consumer IR) Winbond W83977F/AF, SMC IrCC 2.0 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|technical reasons it's not possible to use USB IrDA dongles}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zotac RC2604323/01G Zbox Media Remote Control with IR USB Receiver OVU710
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Anycubic Cobra 2 Max 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bambu Labs A1 Mini 3D printer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2019 EMS proprietary slicer app and cloud use, eSUN}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bambu Labs X1 Carbon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bambu Labs X2D 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creality K1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creality K2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creality 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elegoo 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lulzbot 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Prusa 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Qidi 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Snapmaker U1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 tool changer  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sovol SV08 Max
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| open source voron model, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;desktop pick and place machines AFARCO PNP running OpenPnP for Desktop SMT 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


==ethwrap.class - Host Data Link &quot;Cable Bridge&quot; for data transfer==

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Advance USBNET (eTEK design)
| 0x0525
| 0x9901
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| ALi Uli M5632 (chip)
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Aten (Ali Corporation) UN201
| 0x0402
| 0x5632
| 
| {{maybe|force binding from rawwarp to ethwrap}}
|-
| Belkin (eTek design see below)
| 0x050d
| 0x0004
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Digitus DN-3004 - USB Host Link
| 
| 
| 
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| EPSON USB client
| 0x0525
| 0x2888
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| eTEK
| 0x056c
| 0x8100
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| KC-190
| 0x050f
| 0x0190
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| GeneSys GL620USB
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no driver the half-duplex GL620USB is NOT supported, products using it include the Inland Pro USB Quick Link}}
|-
| GeneSys GL620USB-A
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Laplink Gold (uses NetChip 1080)
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Prolific 2301/2302 (Jaton USB ConNET) (BAFO DirectLinq) 
| 0x067b
| 0x0000 and 0x0001
| 0x0004
| {{maybe|detected but untested}}
|-
| Xircom PGUNET (uses AnchorChips 2720)
| 0x0547
| 0x2727
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}

==cdcacm.class - USB modem==

The CDC ACM driver exposes the USB modem as a virtual serial modem or a virtual COM port to the operating system. The driver enables sending both data and AT commands, either through ACM (separating data and AT commands over different channels) or through Serial Emulation (passing the AT commands as is and as part of the data stream).

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Alcatel OT-I650 
| 0x1bbb
| 0x0003
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Acatel Dymamode/Dynamite
| 0x06b9
| 0xa5a5
| 
| {{N/A|untested Zyxel Prestige 630-13 - untested PROLiNK Hurricane 8000 external link }}
|-
| AnyData ADU-100A ADU-E100A ADU-E100D ADU-E100H D10
| 0x16d5
| 0x6501
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| AnyData ADU-310
| 0x16d5
| 0x650
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| AnyData ADU-500A ADU-510A ADU-510L ADU-520A
| 0x16d5
| 0x6502
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| AnyData ADU-610 ADU-620
| 0x16d5
| 0x650
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| BT On-Air USB MODEM 
| 0x079b
| 0x000f
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Conexant USB MODEM CX93010 
| 0x0572
| 0x1321
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Conexant USB MODEM RD02-D400 
| 0x0572
| 0x1324
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Conexant Chipset 
| 0x06ea
| 0x0002
| 
| {{N/A|untested AUS N367 Roadster II 56 USB (Model AM5050R3) - untested }}
|-
| [http://accessrunner.sourceforge.net/ Conexant AccessRunner]
| 0x0586
| 0x330a
| 
| {{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Creative Modem Blaster USB DE5670
| 0x1690
| 0x0101
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| FIREFLY, MediaTek Inc
| 0x0e8d
| 0x0003
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Huawei E122
| 0x12d1
| 0x1446
| 
| {{yes|works}} [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?post_id=49126#forumpost49126]
|-
| Huawei E160, E160E, E160G
| 0x12d1
| 0x1003
| 
|{{yes|works}} [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?post_id=51888#forumpost51888] (Chipset: Qualcomm MSM6246)
|-
| Huawei E169 also known as Vodafone K3715 and Huawei K3715 
| 0x12d1
| 0x1001
| 
|{{yes|works}} [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?topic_id=4941&amp;forum=4&amp;post_id=44683#forumpost44683] (Chipset: Qualcomm MSM7200)
|-
| Huawei E220 &quot;Vodafone EasyBox II&quot; &quot;T-Mobile wnw Box Micro&quot; also known as Huawei K3565 
| 0x12d1
| 0x1003
|
| {{yes|works, see E169 above (Chipset: Qualcomm MSM6280)}}
|-
| Huawei E1750
| 0x12d1
| 0x1001
| 
| {{N/A|untested (Chipset: Qualcomm MSM6290)}}
|-
| Huawei E170, E172, E176 
| 0x12d1
| 0x1003
| 
| {{N/A|untested (Chipset: Qualcomm MSM7200)}}
|-
| Huawei E180
| 0x12d1  
| 0x1406
| 
| {{yes|Works (Chipset: Qualcomm MSM7200)}}
|-
| KYOCERA AH-K3001V 
| 0x0482
| 0x0203
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| LG CU515
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| MediaTek Inc GPS 
| 0x0e8d
| 0x3329
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Metricom GS Modem 
| 0x0870
| 0x0001
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Motorola MOTOMAGX phones 
| 0x22b8
| 0x6425
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Motorola Q Phone 
| 0x22b8
| 0x7000
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Hummingbird huc56s (Conexant) 
| 0x0572
| 0x1329
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Netcomm Roadster II 128 ISDN
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Nokia n70 N95 HSDPA
| 
| 
| 
| {{yes|works - see [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?start=0&amp;topic_id=4415&amp;viewmode=flat&amp;order=ASC here]}}
|-
| OGO
| 0x045E
| 0x0079
| 0090
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Olitec ADSL Modem V2 
| 0x08e3
| 0x0100 / 0x0102
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onda PT502HS 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x19D2
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0001
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Radicom V92HU-E2
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung i8510 Innov8 Symbian smartphone
| 0x04e8
| 0x6651
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{yes|works}} [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?start=0&amp;topic_id=5552&amp;viewmode=flat&amp;order=ASC&amp;type=&amp;mode=0] 
|-
| Samsung Tocco Lite (aka GT-S5230)
| 0x04e8
| 0x6795
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{yes|works}} [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?start=0&amp;topic_id=5552&amp;viewmode=flat&amp;order=ASC&amp;type=&amp;mode=0] 
|-
| Shiro / Aztech USB MODEM UM-3100 
| 0x0572
| 0x1328
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| ZyDAS 56K USB MODEM 
| 0x0ace
| 0x1602
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| ZyDAS 56K USB MODEM 
| 0x0ace
| 0x1608
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| ZyDAS 56K USB MODEM - new version 
| 0x0ace
| 0x1611
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Zoom Telephonics Model 3095F USB MODEM 
| 0x0803
| 0x3095
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Ugobe Pleo
| 0x6962
| 0x0100
| 0x0100
| {{Yes|Works}}
|}


==Misc==

palmpda.class - no [http://aminet.net/package/util/libs/PdaLinkPoseidon pdalink.library and tools] in AROS 

 Palm PDA (discontinued) synchronisation requires a port of pdalink.library and its tools through virtual usbpalm.device.

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Palm IIIx (OS3.1) serial rs-232 only
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Palm IIIc (OS3.5)
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Palm V
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Palm m100
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Palm m125 first USB - last with aaa batteries
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Palm m500 (OS4)
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Tungsten T (OS5) first arm cpu 
| 0x
| 0x
| 0x
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Zire 31 (OS 5.28) color arm-based
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| [[:w:Handspring (company)|Handspring Visor]] – USB support out of box
|
|
|
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Handspring Treo 600 – last one for [[:w:Handspring (company)|Handspring]] 
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Treo 700w
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
|}


bluetooth.class - needs Bluetooth (Viking King Harald &quot;Bluetooth&quot; Gormsson (Old Norse: Haraldr Blátǫnn Gormsson; Danish: Harald Blåtand Gormsen) stack to work (not written due to licensing fees to use the symbol merging the Younger Futhark runes for H (ᚼ) and B (ᛒ), representing Harald's initials)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
|}


ccid.class - Chip/Smart Card Interface Devices (not implemented)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;cyberJack RFID basis
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0C4B
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x9102
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0001
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}


dfu.class - DFU firmware upgrade
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iPhone 3, 4, 5, 5c 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x05ac
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1290 0x1292 0x1294
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 32bit use with caution could cause damage}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iPhone 5s, 6, 7, 8, X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x05ac
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 64bit use with caution could cause damage}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio/Midiman USB audio
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iPad 1, iPad 2 A1395 A1430, iPad 3, ipad mini A1432, iPad A1458 4th Gen (MD512LL/A),  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008-2013 32bit A4, A5 up to Apple A6X, iOS 1 to 10, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iPad Air (1st generation) A1474, A1475, A1476, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014-2015 [https://github.com/AsahiLinux 64bit], A7, iOS 11 up to 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 64bit A8, A8X, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 64bit A9, A9X, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 64bit A10, A10X, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 64bit A11 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iPad Air 3rd Gen A2153, A2123, A2154, iPad Mini 5th Gen, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 64bit A12 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


RocketTool (USB Rocket Launchers - Toy missile launchers)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;3px&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Original Launcher and StrikerII (includes laser)
| 0x1130
| 0x0202
| 
| {{yes|works }}
|-
| Dream Cheeky USB Missile Launcher or USB Cirus Cannon
| 0x1941
| 0x8021
| 
| {{no|no driver }}
|-
| Dream Cheeky USB Webcam Missile Launcher
| 0x1941
|
| 
| {{no|no driver }}
|-
| Rocket Baby
| 0x0a81
| 0x0701
| 
| {{no|no driver }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


DRadioTool (FM Radios - USB radio devices D-Link/Gemtek)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| D-Link DSB-R100 USB 
| 0x04b4
| 0x1002
| 0x0410
| {{yes|works }}
|-
| [http://www.neoseeker.com/forums/383/t257009-link-usb-dru-r100-radio/ GemTek USB FM Radio 21]
| 0x04b4
| 0x1002
| 
| {{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


UproarTool (Valencia MPX mp3 player and others)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;3px&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Korean D Square Valencia MPX-Player
| 0x04e8
| various
| 
| {{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}


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==Host Adapter Protocol USB1 OHCI UHCI USB2 EHCI USB3.0 USB3.1 xHCI ==

Please let us know any mistakes or any information to be added, use Prefs/Trident to confirm Vendor and Product IDs 
Please chat at [https://www.arosworld.org/index.php AROS World]

*1996 USB1.0
*1998 USB1.1
*2000 USB2.0
*2008 USB3.0
*2013 USB3.1
*2017 USB3.2


AROS has these USB transfers 

*Control     - 
*Bulk        - Midi 1.0 ( 'send my data when you can' )
*Interrupt   - Midi 2.0
*Isochronous - USBAudio, Webcams, etc 

Isochronous is the starting point of modern types of multimedia creativity. IsoChronous isoc code is already in place in poseidon.library and '''scheduled''' transfers are queued to be later rerouted in the host driver code (needs to be written for each host protocol e.g. OCHI, UCHI, EHCI and [https://cdrdv2-public.intel.com/625472/625472_xHCI_Rev1_2b.pdf#:~:text=Page%203.%20Document%20Number:%20625472%2C%20Revision:%201.2b.%203. XHCI rev1.2], [https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/content-details/868296/extensible-host-controller-interface-for-universal-serial-bus-xhci-requirements-specification-r2-0.html rev2], etc). There seems to be 2 types of isoc transfers, one is just the normal isoc transfer and the other is realtime implementation of isoc transfer. 

For isoc transfer there needs to be a scheduler that makes sure no isoc transfers are dropped (in or out) and that they happen at the right time. It all gets difficult as the device making use of the isoc transfer may be at any point on the device tree. One needs to calculate the USB bandwidth for the packet based periodic transfers that are initiated by the host which have fixed but guaranteed bandwidth. Host controllers guarantee this bandwidth by planning a schedule of transfers ahead of time to ensure there is enough time reserved on the bus.

[https://www.intel.co.uk/content/www/uk/en/products/docs/io/universal-serial-bus/ehci-specification.html EHCI] [https://www.thegoodpenguin.co.uk/blog/understanding-why-usb-isochronous-bandwidth-errors-occur/ bus-bandwidth] vs payload-bandwidth and the algorithm of the EHCI scheduler. 
The bandwidth of the endpoint in terms of payload data (stuff we put in a packet) and the protocol overhead, signalling imposed bit stuffing, host delays etc. 

Poseidon controls the driver and device tree and it provides an API to communicate with the USB devices. Poseidon really doesn't care much about what sort of transfer pipe is opened or used, it only provides the means to do so and forwards the iorequests to the correct driver. Poseidon code is the higher level code for USB communication and drivers are of course the lower level one.


[[File:Psd.svg|220px|right]]


; Best Hardware - NEC Chipset (OHCI + EHCI), Intel Chipset (UHCI + EHCI), XHCI USB3.0, USB3.1 &amp; gen 2 Type-A Type-B Type-C 
; Next Best Set - General OHCI, SIS (OHCI + EHCI), 
; Buggy Chipset - [ Early AMD OHCI], ALi OHCI, VIA UHCI, Nvidia OHCI &amp; EHCI, 


=== USB1.1 ===
OHCI USB 1.1 - USB-IF sanctioned standard but hardware physical form removed with USB2.0 and replaced with virtual emulation of USB1 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| ALi Agere M5273 A1 M5237 Lucent USS-312 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Maybe}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| StarTech PCI425USB, CompUSA Iogear GIC220U-b, Nvidia 220 mobo, USBA2041P, ALi SU2A-PS, 
|-
| AMD 756 Chipset (onboard motherboard) 
| 0x1022 
| 0x740c 
| 0x06
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| no [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?post_id=31308#forumpost31308 usb devices detected] Geode GX1, 
|-
| CMD DU-A2 Silicon Image 0670 (pci AMD chipset)
| 0x1095
| 0x0670
| 0x06
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| Silicon Image 0673 (pci AMD chipset)
| 0x1095
| 0x0673
| 0x06
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| Nvidia Nforce2 USB
| 0x10de 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Maybe|Bios options vary but does with Plop Boot}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| Tested with 20th Aug 2012 improvement 
|-
| NEC µPD720100AGM 
| 0x1033
| 0x0035
| 0x 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Unk}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Unk}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| untested - Amiga Spider card with possible bottleneck issues at higher speeds 
|-
| NEC µPD720101AGM 720101GJ
| 0x1033
| 0x0035
| 0x43
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| Mac mini, Belkin F5U219vea (2+1 ports), Belkin F5U220vea1 (4+1 ports), Adaptec 3100LP, BAFO BF-460, GWC UC-160, IOGear GIC250U, Keyspan U2PCI-5, O'toLink U2-C2B U2-C2A U2-P20N U2-P50, Ratoc PCIU5, USBWholesale UII-PCIP 
|-
| NEC µPD720102
| 0x1033
| 0x00
| 0x 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Unk|untested }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Unk|untested }}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| Opti 82C861 2-port 
| 0x1045
| 0xc861
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| no USB devices detected - Belkin F5U005, 
|-
| SIS 7001 OCHI 
| 0x1039
| 0x7001
| 0x0f
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 20th Aug 2012 - not booting stalls on GRUB word with Plop Boot 
|-
|}


UHCI USB 1.1 - Intel standard but since 2009 no hardware support as USB2 introduced virtual emulation of USB1 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Intel 
| 0x8086 
| 0x
| 0x01 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No|not in bios use AROS floppy disc boot}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| Intel 82371AB EB MB PIIX4 
| 0x8086 
| 0x7112
| 0x01 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No|none in bios use other booting options}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|Detects most devices}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|most devices but not RTL8187b WG111v3 blue led not on and does not work}}
|  
|-
| Intel 82801DB/DBL/DBM (onboard i830 mbd)
| 0x8086 
| 0x24c4 
| 0x01 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Yes|but not from bios but floppy options}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Yes|}}
| RTL8187b WG111v3 blue led on and although device has software failure and recoverable error IT STILL WORKS. Fresh start sometimes needs Network Prefs Saved to work. 
|-
| VIA MVP4 (onboard mbd)
| 0x1106
| 0x30
| 0x40 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|most devices}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|most devices but not wireless options}}
| RTL8187b WG111v3 detected but blue led not on and does not work 
|-
| VIA VT82xx (onboard mbd)
| 0x1106
| 0x3038
| 0x40 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|most devices}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|most devices but not wireless usb}}
| RTL8187b WG111v3 blue led on but does not work 
|-
| VIA VT6202 (VIA VT83C572)
| 0x1106
| 0x3038
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|}} 
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| A-Best USB-200, Cables N Mor USBPCI, CompUSA, D-Link DSB500, Digital/Research DRUSBCARD, Kouwell IOFlex 580, StarMount USB VIA, 
|-
| VIA VT6112 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| VIA VT6212 (pci card)
| 0x1106
| 0x3038
| 0x61
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 2011 seems to have issues with other identical via based USB controller(s) present 
|-
| VIA VT6214L 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
|}


=== USB 2.0 EHCI ===
The USB-IF insisted on only one implementation of EHCI but it creates 4 virtual hcd to cover USB1.1 support. The virtual HCD on Intel and VIA EHCI controllers are UHCI. All other vendors use virtual OHCI controllers. Hardware EHCI USB2.0 ended in most chipsets in 2014/5 and is now virtual through most newer USB3.0 chipsets 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| ALi Agere M5273 A1 Lucent USS-344 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| {{N/A|untested}} belkin F5U006, 
|-
| Nvidia Nforce2 USB
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| Intel 82801DB/DBM (onboard mbd)
| 0x8086 
| 0x24cd 
| 0x01 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| NEC µPD720100AGM 
| 0x1033
| 0x00E0
| 0x 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| {{N/A|untested - Amiga Spider card}}
|-
| NEC 72101 GJ
| 0x1033 
| 0x00e0 
| 0x04
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| Belkin F5U219 VEA1 (pci), 
|-
| SIS ECHI 
| 0x1039
| 0x7002
| 0x00
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|issues about which port is used if it works at all}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| VIA VT6202 
| 0x1106
| 0x3104
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| VIA VT6212 (pci card)
| 0x1106
| 0x3104
| 0x62
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes|detects}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
|}


=== USB 3.x SuperSpeed SS (Speed 5Gbit/s 3.1 gen 1) aka xHCI eXtensible ===

USB Attached SCSI (UAS or UASP) is a protocol used for high-speed data transfer between computers and external storage devices like SSDs, HDDs, and some flash drives. It provides up to 70% faster read/write speeds than traditional Bulk-Only Transport (BOT) by allowing multiple commands to run in parallel, rather than waiting in a queue

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fresco Logic FL1000 FL 1000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1B73
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1000 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;link power management (LPM, USB 3.0 power saving) cannot be disabled so random connection issues  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fresco Logic FL1009-200 FL 1009 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1009 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Orico PFU3-2P
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fresco Logic FL1100-100 FL 1100SX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1100 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;LPM cannot be disabled so issues with disconnecting WD drives etc - CalDigit, ORICO PFU3-2P, FASTA-6GU3 Pro, inatech KTU3FR-2P 2 port USB 3.0,  and Inateck KT4004 (KTU3FR-4PA rev B2) for storage and hubs, etc 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fresco Logic FL1400 FL 1400 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1400 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fresco Logic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NEC Renesas xHCI µPD720200 uPD720200a chip
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1d6b
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0194
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|no USB3 but seems to works like USB2}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;recognized but not supported for USB3 but works like USB2 - ORICO PRU3-4P 4 Port USB, early Dell Wyse zx0 thin client,  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NEC Renesas xHCI µPD720201 uPD720201 chip
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x114 0x0115 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;recognized but not supported 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NEC Renesas xHCI µPD720202 uPD720202 chip
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1912 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0015
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;recognized but not supported 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.ti.com/product/tusb7340 TI] tusb7340 TUSB732 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8241
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;recognized but not supported Koutech IO-PEU436 but only one with open docs 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel xHCI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;recognized but not supported - integrated since Ivybridge 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel xHCI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Marvell 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Via Labs VL800 xHCI 0.96 support in VL800, VIA VL811 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3432 0x3438 0x3515 and 0x9201
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}} 2.0 backwards support 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Anker 68UPPCIE-2S20PU 2 port, Plugable 4-Port, GA-z77x-ud5h rev. 1.1 mobo, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Via Labs VL811+ 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Via Labs VL812 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;xHCI 1.0 support in VL805 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


USB 3.1 (power up to 100W and data 10Gbit/s USB 3.2 gen 2 - USB-A Full size plug - USB-B micro USB size - USB-C reversible) 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asmedia ASM1142 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1B21 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Connector: USB Type C and  USB Type A x 1 - Ugreen USB C PCI Card 2 Port USB 3.1 Type C 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Marvell 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel xHCI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[ Intel] Revision 1.8 1.9 Updated  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VLI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;AUKEY 4 Ports USB C , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Startech - PEXUSB312C - 2-port Usb 3.1 10Gbit/s
|-
|}

USB 3.2 (power up to 100W and data 20Gbit/s gen 2x2 - USB-A Full size plug - USB-B micro USB size - USB-C reversible) 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Marvell 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel xHCI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[ Intel] Revision 2.6 Update  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VLI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}

=== USB 4 (40Gbps thunderbolt, pcie 3.0 tunnelling, ) ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Marvell 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMD Ryzen7 6800U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel Goshen Ridge JHL8440 Controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VLI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{N/A|}}
|  
|-
|}


== hid.class (Human Interface Device) ==

=== Keyboard ===

 Some multi-finger touchpad support works but not on all touchpads  

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8BitDo Retro N C64 edition Keyboard, the super button accessory and optional N30 mouse
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 87 keys Kailh white}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8bitdo 108 Retro Mechanical Keyboard (white kailh) and two superbuttons (green) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Apple Pro Keyboard
| 0x05ac
| 0x0205 
| 0x0122
| {{yes|works (its two hub ports) but mouse scroll wheel issues}}
|-
| Apple Pro Keyboard
| 0x05AC
| 0x020B 
| 
| {{yes|works (two onboard ports also)}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Aigo K68 60% red switches, A68 A87 wireless 2G 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://amigakit.leamancomputing.com/catalog/product_info.php?cPath=49&amp;products_id=973 AmigaOne Keyboard]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akko TAC87 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 80% TKL }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akko MonsGeek FUN60 PRO&amp;MAX HE
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 60% hall effect }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akko 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 hall effect, good but expensive and software poor}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akko 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arteck HW197 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 keyboard and touchpad combo, aluminum frame, aa battery }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Azio Cascade 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Chilkey ND75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024  good 75% expensive}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Chilkey ND104 (Wuque Studios) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 premium clicky (WS Blue) or silent (WS White) key options with Ansi and ISO formats also numpad and calculator, aluminum machined, tri mode, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2026 untested magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Corsair K65 Mech MX no numeric keypad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Corsair CH-9000045 K70 Blue MX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Corsair K90 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Corsair K95 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Corsair K
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cherry G80 G80-3000L[x]C[yy]-[z] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cooler Master CM Storm Quickfire Rapid 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Corsair K100 Air 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 okay low profile but expensive 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Dell SK-8135 Dell USB Keyboard for Internet and Multimedia rev H for Dimension 4500, Dimension 8250, OptiPlex GX260n, OptiPlex GX60n, Precision 350 (R42232) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x413C
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2010 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes| usb1.1 keyboard hub 0x413C 0x1003 works as well - multimedia keys not mapped }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Deepcool KG722
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 65% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ducky Channel Zero DK2108 Mech Mechanical Cherry MX Red 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ducky Shine 3 Brown or Blue (DK9087) MX keys 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Das Keyboard Model S Ultimate 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker Cidoo V75 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x3151
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker rt100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 plastic build and no screws, numpad with small 0, mostly quiet seasalt switches, gimmick usb-c 1in screen}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EPOMAKER TH99  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }} USB-C full numpad keyboard 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;eopmaker P75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| expensive but good}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;eopmaker p87 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| expensive but good}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker x Leobog Hi75
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker x Feker Galaxy80
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker x Galaxy100 gmk/via 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 good 96% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker Aula F75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 budget version good 75% choice of 4 leobog switches}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;eopmaker Tide75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 good 75% and not too expensive}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker Ajazz AK992 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 109 key }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker Ajazz AK820 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker Ajazz AK35I V3 MAX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 104 keys - two models: wired and tri-mode connection - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker Aula F108 PRO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 pricy but okay 100% but only leobog graywood switches but hotswap available afterwards}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;eopmaker Ajazz AK980 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 97 keys }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker G87 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker RT82 RT85
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker RT100 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 96% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker x Galaxy100 lite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 good 96% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ATTACK SHARK X98 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 98% maybe silent linear feel with Two-color PBT keycap}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker ATTACK SHARK X68HE and X65HE 65% Wired Gaming Keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x3151
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x502D
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|2025 tested on Aros running on Raspberry Pi wired usb-c with magnetic hall effect keys}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Filco Ninja Majestouch-2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focus FK-760 Wireless Keyboard &amp; Trackball
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{yes|works}} but quality build issues raised 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GMMK Tenkeyless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested  default Gateron Brown switches for Kailh Box Jades default Gateron Brown switches for Kailh Box Jades}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GK61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GMK67 GMK87 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested budget good option}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hengchangtong HCT Limeme gk103s Entry Keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0xC0F4
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0009
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|half Keyboard left side only}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hexgears M2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 untested hotswap kaihl green switches}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hexgears 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Iqunix mq80
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 good 75% low profile keys
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Iqunix Magi65 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested good 65% low profile keys }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iqunix ez60 ez80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 untested specific hall effect switches - actuation point, rapid trigger, etc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Jomaa YiChip Wireless 50% key with touchpad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x3151 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3000
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|dongle detected, keys and pad not working - 2 AAA NM}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron q0
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2022 untested numpad only}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron q1 v1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2022 untested okay}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron Q6 Max 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 untested 75% with numeric numpad, barebones so choose switches and keycaps to suit }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron q1 MAX V1 MAX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 untested }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron Lemokey P1 QMK 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested best option to customise switches and keycaps}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron LemoKey X1 X3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 untested keycap swap only not switches}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron K2HE
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested okay}} wireless hall effect analogue on all keys 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron K4HE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 untested hall effect but software }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron K5 K17 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 untested okay low profile but }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron Q5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron K10 HE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kiiboom Breeze 75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 good 75% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meletrix Boog 75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 magnetic hall effect, good but expensive and software poor}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Melgeek O2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 low profile 75% but not repairable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOSART 2.4G Wireless 60% Keyboard Trackball 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x062a
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x4105
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|dongle recognised HID, keys worked, roller worked, scroll wheel works and shoulders works but buttons around left, top and right hand side (RHS) do not work and plastic and 2 AA MN1500}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mucai SiGma Micro MKA610 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1c4f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0084
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| unknown red keys - rgb backlighting - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://hjldemo.clsc.cn/ Guangzhou Zhentian Electronics Ltd] Perixx Periboard 505 Plus with Trackball 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|okay dome keyboard - poor trackball}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Guangzhou Zhentian Electronics Co., Ltd Perixx Periboard 706 Plus with Trackball Wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|generally okay dome with good sized keys but piano black surround fingerprint magnet, occasional brief trackball freezes after no use, takes some time to get used to the trackball size}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Perixx Periboard-716 Wireless (Chicony)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;04f2:1013
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|okay dome keyboard and trackpad}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Perixx Periboard-
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Perixx Periboard-
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lenovo SK-8825 41A5327 SIL12-W07 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;works manufactured for 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lite-On USB NetVista Full Width Keyboard 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x04b3
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3025
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;works 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech K320 Wireless Keyboard 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|The Logitech USB Unifying, Bolt, Lightspeed, or Nano receiver pairing}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech K340 Wireless Keyboard 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|The Logitech Unifying Receiver pairing}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech K400
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.logitech.com/en-us/product/wireless-touch-keyboard-k400r Logitech Wireless Touch Keyboard k400]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt; 0x046D
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 0xC52B
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt; 1201
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{yes|All (including multimedia) keys work. Some keys requires remapping with Trident. Touchpad works and acts as normal mouse. Presents itself in Trident as USB Receiver from Logitech with 3 HID bindings}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech K400 Plus K400+ 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech K600 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech TK820 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech TK830 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G915 TKL
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard TKL means no number pad}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lofree Lite84 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lofree Flow Lite100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 silent switches and low profile keys}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MACHENIKE K500 Wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 94 keys untested Hot Swappable 94 Keys 90% Layout }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MechLands Vibe99 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 100 keys untested Gasket-mounted Wired/Bluetooth/2.4GHz Wireless Mechanical Keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Comfortable Curve 2000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no| recognized but not supported}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Natural Ergonomic Keyboard 4000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|recognized but not supported}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Wireless Media Desktop 1000 (1356)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045e
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x00f9 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|working but not mouse part}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Niz Micro84 Duo82 X87 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 electro capacitive }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;nuphy gem80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| expensive but good}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;nuphy kick 75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 low profile 75% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;nuphy Air75 V3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025  75% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;nuphy node 100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 96% layout, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Qpad MK-50 MK-80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Qpad MK-90 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Chroma 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1532
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0203
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://openrazer.github.io/ Razer] Lycosa 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Blackwidow 2013 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  Cherry MX Blue  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razr Blackwidow Ultimate 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  Cherry MX Blue  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Blackwidow V4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  Razer Orange keys }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Blackwidow V4 Low Profile 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  Razer  keys }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Blackwidow V4 Pro 75% 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  Razer  keys }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Cynosa Lite V2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;1532
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x023f
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer DeathStalker 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer HuntsMan 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Ornata 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Orbweaver Chroma Keypad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1532
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0207
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Tartarus Keypad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  not hall effect and very expensive}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Redragon K668 RGB Gaming Keyboard Wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 untested 108 Keys Mechanical Keyboard w/Extra 4 Hotkeys Upgraded Hot-swappable Socket，Red Switch}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Redragon K689 PRO Wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 untested Gasket RGB Gaming Keyboard, 108 Keys Mechanical Keyboard w/Extra 4 Hotkeys, Upgraded Hot-swappable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rii K22
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 keyboard trackpad combo, non replaceable lithium battery, very compact}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Risophy 60
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 75% mechanical, hotswap so okay for price untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Risophy 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Royal Kludge RK65 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested cream switches }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SINO WEALTH Gaming KB SkyLion K68 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x258a
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x003a
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| blue stalks with rgb lighting}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SKYLOONG GK104 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested gateron }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SteelSeries 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TeckNet x300 2.4G Keyboard Mouse MosART 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x062A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x4101
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0312 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|1 AAA for each and works well - mouse slightly better built than keyboard rubberised membrane}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TeckNet X331 HDE 2.4G Keyboard wireless RCMCU 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0C45
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7000
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0001
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|wireless can be glitchy but few extra keys are mapped }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TeckNet X500 2.4G Keyboard Mouse MOSArt 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x062A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2901
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0112 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|works well especially large touchpad - usual rubber domed membraned keyboard mechanism }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tecware Specter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested good 75%}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Unicomp Model M USB 104 key 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }} IBM's and later Lexmark buckling spring switches 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Varmilo Minilo Bluebell (prestige silent) and Eculapytus (violet tactile)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 75% plastic build no screws not great to mod}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Varmilo Sword 68 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| expensive but good}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Varmilo 98 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 expensive but good and Kailh silent}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Weikav Velocifire Choice65 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Weikav Velocifire Lucky65 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wobkey Rainy 75
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x320F 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x5055
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 good 75% but not as expensive CNC Aluminum HMX/JWK/Cocoa Switches}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wobkey Crush 80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x320F 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x5588 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wobkey Crush80 Reboot Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x320F 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 very good but expensive Aluminum Hotswap Wireless RGB}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wobkey Rainy 75 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x320F
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wooting HE60 HE80 HE90 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 hall effect but expensive with good software}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Womier WK61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2021 untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Womier Sk71 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Womier Sk75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Womier Sk75 TMR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025  hall effect }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xenta White Wireless HK6718B+HM3302--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|works with Raspberry Pi untested on AROS native}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xinmeng X87 MAGIC_REFINER 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 untested keycap swap but not hotswapable switches}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yunzii AL66 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| milk switches, cherry PBT, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yunzi B75 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 budget good with cocoa cream switches }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yunzii AL75 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|good budget option with  swappable switches,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yunzii AL80
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 switches }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yunzi C75 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 budget good with  switches }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}

&lt;pre&gt;
linear  - creamy
tactile - thocky
clicky  - clacky 
&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;pre &gt;
Cherry MX Black are linear switches (no feedback); good for gaming. 
Cherry MX Red are linear (less noise no click) but more squishy; 
Cherry MX Brown are in between Blue and Red in style and tactile; 
Cherry MX Clear switches have soft tactile feedback (with no click). 
Cherry MX Blue have tactile feedback with a click (noisy); good for typing. 

Gateron Yellows KS-3, KS-3x47 or better Pros have a milky top and black bottom and linear 

TTC Silent Frozen v2. Linear and dead silent 
Mouse the huano brown with yellow dot for silent mouse clicks
Kailh red dust proof encoder for smooth and close to silent scrolling
Boba U4 Silent Tactile switches
Husky linears

HMX 
&lt;/pre &gt;


=== Mouse ===

if the USB mouse is non-functional put a USB pendrive in before or add the following to user-startup in '''s''' drawer/folder/directory

 sys:prefs/trident NOGUI &gt; NIL:

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; | Brand
! width=&quot;20%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; | Model
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| 3Dconnexion 
| 3D Mouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;[http://www.3dconnexion.com/products/spacenavigator.html SpaceNavigator]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| 3Dconnexion 
| 3D Mouse
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;SpacePilot Pro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| 3Dconnexion 
| Mouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;SpaceExplorer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| 3Dconnexion 
| Wireless Mouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;SpaceMouse 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;3D Optical 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wired 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0000:3825
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Belkin
| Combo mouse
|
| 0x05FE
| 0x0011
| Low 0100
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Cytec
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wired Mouse Gaming 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;R.A.T 5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Dell
| Mouse
| MO56UC
| 0x413C
| 0x3200
|
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;equatech / clone logitech  
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;wireless mouse
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;49779 / M185 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt; 3151:2020 later 3151:3020 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{Yes|detected and works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Hama
| RF Optical Mouse
| AM-6000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Keychron 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;M3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Keychron 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;M5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Keycron 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical Wireless 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;M6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested 1k polling and 16k dpi }}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Keychron 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical Wireless 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;M7
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested barebones 1k polling and 16k dpi, great for small hands, loud clicks}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;LogiCAD 3D
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;3D Mouse
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Magellan 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech
| Cordless Desktop Navigator 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{No|The Logitech Unifying Receiver pairing}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech Inc.
| First/Pilot Wheel Mouse
| N48/M-BB48 M-BE58 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech
| Wireless mouse
| [http://www.logitech.com/en-roeu/mice_pointers/mice/devices/5484 M305]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech
| Wireless RF Mouse
| MK710
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{No|The Logitech Unifying Receiver pairing}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitach
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;G304
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 very clicky}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless Mouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;MX Master Anywhere 2S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{No|untested}} micro USB charge port on front 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;M220 silent touch MR0085
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2018 needs usb dongle - quiet clicking }}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech Logi 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;MX Master 3S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{No|2021 untested usb-c bluetooth, inbuilt battery but muted clicks}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitach
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;G502 X Plus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2022 very clicky}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;M240 silent touch MR0105  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|2022 no dongle as bluetooth enabled but could work with Logi Bolt USB Receiver - 1 aa battery - quiet clicking}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;MX Master 4 MXM
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Bluetooth usb-c dongle, inbuilt lithium battery}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Brand
| Description
| Model
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Maxxter 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;248a:8566
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Maxxter 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;248a:8518
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;OrzerHome Maxxter 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;248a:8514
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested 1 aa with no on/off switch }}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Microsoft
| Wheel Mouse optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Microsoft
| Sidewinder Mouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Microsoft
| IntelliMouse Explorer USB optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Microsoft
| Wireless Optical Mouse 2000
|
| 0x045E
| 0x00F9 
|
| {{no|not working see keyboard Media Desktop 2000 above}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Microsoft 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;1461 1447 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{No|usb dongle matched to one mouse only no others}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Orochi 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Mamba 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Naga
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}} 17 buttons 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB Optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Naga Hex V2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}} MOBA Gaming Mouse, Professional Grade 16,000 DPI Sensor - RGB lighting 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB optical 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;DeathAdder 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Viper 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Basilisk V3 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested 1k polling, 35k dpi, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Trust
| Slimline Lasermouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| SteelSeries 
| Tobii EyeX EyeMobile PCEye 
| Eye Tracking Control 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}} gaze interaction track technology for augment augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;The Eye Tribe Tracker 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Eye 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB Optical Mouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;MV3000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x192f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0916
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|}

=== Trackball ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;3Dconnexion SpaceBall 5000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}} Labtec designed and rolled into new company 3dconnexion 2001 by owners Logitech 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ACCO Kensington Orbit optical F1233A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kensington Turbo Mouse 64210
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Clearly Superior Technologies. Model:CST 1000-RC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Trackman Marble Mouse Wired USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Cordless Trackman Wheel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Optical Trackman T-RB22 - Cordless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech M570 wireless
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Trackball Mouse Optical 1.0 USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft X05-87473 Trackball USB Optical 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}


=== KVM ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NanoKVM 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}


=== Gamepad ===

Controllers have mostly decided that the left analog joystick is keyboard equivalent of WASD and right joystick is your mouse. You also have 2 bumpers above the triggers. Shoot could be right trigger (so it doesn't involve taking your thumb off the right joystick). Face buttons for reloading or jump or other non-critical functions. Crank up the sensitivity and practice. 

Testing can be done with the TRIDENT Prefs, [https://devicetests.com/controller-tester html5], [https://greggman.github.io/html5-gamepad-test/ html5], or [https://gamepad-tester.com/ Tester]


==== Dinput Poseidon Default Plugin - Playstation(TM) style ====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;35%&quot; |Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Merge with USB on Digital Pad
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Betop Betong Bat D2E BTP-BD2E XD4D2E
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gravis Eliminator Gamepad Pro USB  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;047d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;4005
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 2d only 
|-
| Hama Black Force USB Gamepad
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 psx clone look 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Jess Tech Game Elements Philips GGE909 PC Recoil Pad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TCbAmIhj6P4 Logitech Wingman Precision USB] G-UC3B 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{N/A| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 no 3D but good for 2D retro games like Turrican II
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Wingman Action Pad G-UB3A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe|untested }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 1 blue lucid translucent - thin analog stick N64 type - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Wingman RumblePad UB05B
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc20a
| 1.12
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 twin blue analogue sticks N64 type - poor 2d controls with single molded blue piece - vibration feedback - single shoulder buttons with throttle control below right one 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Wingman Cordless RumblePad G-RA4A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc211
| 1.12
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe|untested }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2001 twin blue analogue sticks N64 type - poor 2d controls with single molded black piece - vibration feedback - dual shoulder buttons L1 L2 R1 R2 with blue throttle control below right one - 4 aa mn1500 batteries; life not great - C-UD10A usb dongle - overall big and bulky 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Precision Wired G-UG15
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{N/A|N/A}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 psx styling blue outer shell - no 3D analog and no shoulder buttons - no rumble 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Cordless Precision G-X2E14A
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{N/A|N/A}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 ps2 styling blue outer shell - no 3D analog and no shoulder buttons - no rumble 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G-X5C11A Cordless Precision Wireless Controllers
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{N/A|N/A}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 psx styling black outer shell - no 3D analog and no shoulder buttons - no rumble 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.testfreaks.co.uk/game-console-accessories-controls/logitech-dual-actiontm-gamepad/ Logitech Dual Action] 
* G-UD8 has no mode (2D only?) button and no rumble 
* G-UF13A later 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0xc2
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes|[http://www.morphzone.org/modules/newbb_plus/viewtopic.php?topic_id=7018&amp;forum=12 G-UF13A tested only]}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 New body shape psx style - dual analog 3D sticks - 4 small travel shoulder triggers no 5,6,7,8 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech RumblePad 2 G-UF13
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc218
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.00
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 usb wired light blue top/black base - twin analogues 3D along with dual short travel shoulder buttons - rumble present - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech RumblePad 2 Cordless 
* G-RC?? OLD version that take FOUR batteries and RED Logitech logo 
* G-RC14 uses TWO batteries has an ORANGE logo - dongle C-UE10 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc219
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0200
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 wireless may have to remove 1 battery - G-RC?? 5 + 7 buttons - G-RC14 use buttons 6 + 8 to reset sticks - replace battery and push large button on receiver - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech F310 Wired Dual Action G-U0001 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc21
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes|D mode switch}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 best option for old usb wired style dual analog 3D with pc-xbox/psx switch on back (only D works) - both rear shoulder RT LT buttons have excess travel - no rumble vibration - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech F510 Wired G-UG0002 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc21
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 dual analog with dual xbox pc/psx X/D switched compatibility modes - 
|-
| Logitech F710 Wireless / Cordless RumblePad 2 G-R0001 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc219
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;3.05
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe|Mouse only not joypad}} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 When switch on top set to D and nano receiver for each controller to pair - 2 aa mn1500 batteries required - rumble support sometimes - rear back shoulder buttons excessive travel needed - does have rubber backing that becomes sticky - 
|- 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Megaworld 'TIME' USB pad
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0735
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x9902
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;Low 0100
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No |}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 Poor quality
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft 
* SideWinder Precision Pro USB (1997)
* SideWinder Precision 2 (1998)
* Game Pad Pro (1999)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Sidewinder Game Pad USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; possible setup first 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Sidewinder Gamepad X04 Freestyle 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{N/A}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} 1998 might need USB adapter 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Sidewinder X05 63895 92626 Flight stick
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{unk| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|2000 [https://ae.amigalife.org/index.php?topic=929.msg11309#new tested]}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Sidewinder Flight Stick X08-58736 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft 
    Plug &amp; Play Game Pad (2000)
    SideWinder Joystick (2000)
    Game Pad 2.0 (2001)
    SideWinder Force Feedback 2 (2002)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 long-standing static buildup problem and Force Feedback 2 was the removal of the power brick 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| Saitek [http://www.testfreaks.co.uk/game-console-accessories-controls/saitek-ps1000/ PS1000 Cyborg V.1], [http://www.testfreaks.co.uk/game-console-accessories-controls/saitek-ps2700-rumble-pad/ PS2700] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 no rumble function 
|- 
| Saitek [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xG0v-hf6ZPA P2600] [http://compactiongames.about.com/od/hardware/tp/gamepads.htm P3600], 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 no rumble function
|- 
| Saitek P2900 wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 runs on 1 AA battery
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Batoh PS3 mini USB Wired hookup [http://ps3.jim.sh/sixaxis/usb/ SIXAXIS] 
*PCB  Ribbon      Notes
*Protos ALPS MSU Rev3 M3 and the later CBEH-1019
*?    SA1Q135A 	  for sixaxis
*PP4  
*V2   
*V25  
*VX   SA1Q146A    first dualshock 3 model
*VX   SA1Q147A    CECHZC2U (USA)
*VX35 SA1Q159A 	  
*VX3  SA1Q160A 	  
*VX?  SA1Q188A    
*VX4  SA1Q189A    shipped with a CECH-2504 datecode 0C 
*VX5  SA1Q194A    changed design ALPS, PS button changes
*VX6  SA1Q195A    red case, 
*VX7  SA1Q222A    superslims 2 ribbons
*VX8  SA1Q224A    superslims 2 ribbons 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x054c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0268
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.00 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Sometimes detected but no support - no sixaxis features detected - mini usb lead will have varying results - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PS4 
*JDM JDS 001 010 011 
*JDM 030 040 055 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PS5 Dual Sense 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Speed Link Strike 2 FX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster Firestorm Dual Power 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes|[http://www.morphzone.org/modules/newbb_plus/viewtopic.php?topic_id=7018&amp;forum=12 only 1 axis joystick only]}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust Predator GM-1500 GM-1520
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Haute42 M series Aluminum Metal Joystick Hitbox Controller Arcade Fighting Stick
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Haute42 T series 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Haute42 G series Gamefinger G12 G13 G16 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; plastic - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Haute42 S series 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  thinner and lighter than G series 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mad Catz sf2 fightstick 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash Datel Paewang Arcade Pro Stick 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash F300 Fighting Stick 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash F500 Fighting Stick 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pico Flatbox GP2040-CE Hot Swappable Mini Hitbox Keyboard 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  default it is configured for PS4 but before plugging usbc cable in, X for Dinput, B Xinput, RT HID - plastic build case - Rev4 based on RP2040 chip and firmware is based on GP2040-CE (Community Edition) - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Shenzhen Onebitdo Tech 8bitdo Fighting stick 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Venom 8 button 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
|}


==== Xinput Xbox Style Plugin ====

2018 extension added originally called AROSx but later redacted. Latest [https://github.com/medusalix/xone linux driver] might be useful. 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;35%&quot; |Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Merge with USB on Digital Pad
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8bitdo Ultimate C Wired 82CB (Shenzhen ONEBITDO TECH - GWOWO) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2dc8 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3106 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 - 4 t6 torx screws - non hall effect so drifting issues - triggers go faulty often - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8bitdo Ultimate 2C Wired Controller 82CD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2dc8 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x310A
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0114
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 - HID keyboard assigned - 4 t6 torx screws - hall effect analogs and triggers  - 1000Hz polling - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8bitdo Ultimate 2C wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024  - 400mw battery - hall effect 3d nubs and triggers - micro switch shoulder buttons - d-pad poor for retro games - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8bitdo ULtimate Mini Wired Controller for Xbox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8BitDo Pro 2 
*Wired Controller 
*Wireless
*Bluetooth
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect - playstation style layout for pc - slide button for S-A-D-X switch, android, dinput or xinput -  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8BitDo Pro 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025  tmr hall effect analogs, hall effect triggers and some microswitches - button swap - ps2 style layout - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8bitdo Ultimate 3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2026  - mw battery - hall effect 3d nubs and triggers - micro switch shoulder buttons - d-pad  for retro games - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8BitDo Pro 3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2026  hall effect analogs, hall effect triggers and some microswitches - button swap - ps2 style layout - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ace Aurora 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 hall effect joysticks with no deadzone mode, gyro, linear rumble, trigger stops, back paddles, button swap, macro, turbo, RGB LED effects -  tri-mode connection - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Betop Beitong Spartan BTP-2270U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  no hall effect 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Betop Betong Asura 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  no hall effect - noble linear trigger potentiometer and alps shoulder LB/RB micro switch 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BEITONG ASURA 2 Pro+ Game Controller Wireless Gamepad
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Beitong Zeus 2  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BebonCool Dinofire Model Number: Q218 / TP28
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021  - triggers aren't progressive but ON/OFF - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX X05 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect analog and triggers - tri mode connection - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX Wireless Controller PC PS3, 9013pro ESM-9013PRO
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 linear hall effect but device sometimes will not connect tried multiple attempts with the dongle
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX X10 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX X20 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 ABXY MICRO SWITCH - Bumpers Tactile switch Hall Effect analog 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX X15 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 hall effect analog and triggers - membrane buttons - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX S10 Wireless Gamepad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 TMR Hall effect and compatible with Switch 2/PC/Phone/TV/Steam, NFC, Gyro, HD Rumble - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;202
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fantech World EOS Pro WGP15 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect trigger and sticks,2 back paddles, motion controlling 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fantech EOS PRO II S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 controller with TMR hall effect analogues, mechanical face buttons and D-pad, 63 input macro, back paddles, turbo - analog triggers with trigger stops - tri mode bt wifi and wired - slide switch on back for switch, macos/android and xinput - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Apex 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023  luxury model 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Vader Pro 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 the Pro(Hall Effects) and Non-Pro (No Hall) 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Direwolf 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 hall effect sticks and triggers - poor wifi connection - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Apex 4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024  luxury model 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Vader 4 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 - hall effect, DInput mode (o+A hold) - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Direwolf 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect analog and triggers but membrane buttons with gold contacts - 800mhA battery - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Dunefox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 basic model hall effect analog and triggers but membrane buttons - 500mha battery - no gyros - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Vader 5 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 - hall effect stick with tension control, linear triggers, DInput mode (o+A hold) - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gamesir T4K Keleid, T4C Cyclone wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 poor to ok switch 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gamesir Nova 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no|| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 - switch type layout 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Guangzhou Chicken Run Network Tech Nova Lite GameSir-T4n LITE - Zikway HID gamepad
*[https://www.reddit.com/r/Gamesir/comments/1c185ve/psa_keep_gamesir_nova_lite_t4n_lite_firmware_at/ fw 4200 seems to be xbox so B then Home for Xinput (green LED), A then Home for HID BT Android (green/yellow LED), Y then Home for Switch Pro (Red LED)] or X then Home for Wifi and start and select to alternatively swap modes 
* and if on [https://www.reddit.com/r/Gamesir/comments/1c185ve/psa_keep_gamesir_nova_lite_t4n_lite_firmware_at/ fw 5700 ds4 so Home + B (blue LED), ]
* firmware 6900 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x3537
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1040 0x1041
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 - hall effect 3d nubs - no usb-c cable - rubber membrane analog trigger travel and bumpers shoulder buttons - wifi 2.4G and bluetooth - xbox layout so ab and xy might need to be swapped via m and a buttons for switch type [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=po-nNuC5fps fixes video] - 250Hz polling - 600mah battery - rigid carry case - poor d-pad esp diagonals - gamesir settings software only on android 6+ or ios based only - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gamesir Nova 2 Lite  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir G7 SE Wired Controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir G8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gamesir TEGENARIA T3 Lite Wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 playstation aesthetic hall effect analog and membrane buttons - X+Home button connects as an Xbox controller
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir Cyclone 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 TMR Joysticks with anti-friction rings and metal anti-friction rings around the stems, gyro, rumble, macro, turbo, 2 back paddles, hall analog triggers with micro-switch trigger - tri mode bluetooth, 2.4GHz wifi and wired, 1000hz polling rate - gamesir connect software - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir G7 Pro for Xbox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 TMR hall effect - hall effect triggers, tri mode connection - gamesir nexus software - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir Super Nova Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2026 hall effect sticks and triggers, 1000Hz polling, tri mode connectivity, 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GuliKit 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GuliKit KingKong 2 NS08 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Electromagnetic Stick hall effect - hall linear triggers - Mechanical face buttons - wired and wireless - Built-in rechargeable lithium battery 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GuliKit KingKong 2 PRO NS09
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;hall efect - wired and wireless - Mechanical face buttons - Built-in rechargeable lithium battery 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GuliKit KingKong MAX 3 KK3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;hall effect - wired and wireless - lithium battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gulikit KK3 Max USB-c Bluetooth Controller
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 Hall Joysticks and Triggers, Maglev/Rotor/HD Vibration, 1000Hz Polling Rate, 4 Back Buttons,  
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GuliKit KK3 PRO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 smaller version of KK3 MAX - hall effect analog and triggers, face buttons , maglev rumble, gyro, 4 back paddles - rigid case - 950mAh up to 8 hrs - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GuliKit 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hyperkin 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hori EX2 Turbo UHX3-45 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Machenike G1 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 Wireless Gaming Controller with 1K Polling Rate Hall Effect Trigger Joystick For Nintendo Switch PC iOS Android 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Machenike G5 Pro Wireless Gaming Controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 ABXY Switch Membrane, Bumpers Tactile switch and hall effect analog 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;microsoft sidewinder precision pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| [https://pineight.com/mw/index.php?title=USB_game_controllers Xbox 360 Wired Controller]
| 0x045e
| 0x028e
| 0x
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|needs specific driver and has poor 2D control pad}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| Microsoft (R) [https://blog.tkjelectronics.dk/2012/12/xbox-360-receiver-added-to-the-usb-host-library/ Xbox 360] (TM) Wireless Receiver for Windows(R) Model 1086 and Controller 
| 0x045e 
| 0x0719, 0x or 0x0291
| 0x0100
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|separate standalone usb dongle detected and shows as 8 vendor interfaces but no class associated and so not working - may need new class from code from xpad or xboxdrv to work the controllor}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xbox 360 Kinect [http://hackaday.com/2010/11/10/kinect-open-source-driver-demo-and-hacking/ Video] 
[http://git.marcansoft.com/?p=libfreenect.git;a=commit;h=7655fcf7239ba4907654089dba535a196685dbe5 GIT]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007  proprietary 2.4GHz RF protocol, 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xbox One Wired Controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xbox One wireless controller newer model with the 3.5mm headphone jack 1537 1697 and microsoft adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x02d1 or 0x02dd
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Elite Series 1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x02e3
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 ok - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xbox later models 1708+ Xbox One and Series use 5GHz and use Bluetooth, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x02e0
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xbox One S
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x02ea 0x02fd
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Elite Series 2 Core 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x02ff
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 ok - no hall - 125Hz polling - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Minisform MGP01 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOBAPAD N1HD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 has liquid silicone face buttons, hall effect analog, D-Pad swap, two back paddles, USB-A dongle, HD Rumble - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mobapad Huben 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mobapad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BIGBIG WON Gale 墨将 mòjiāng 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BIGBIG WON Blitz PRO 2 TMR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BIGBIG WON now MOJHON AETHER 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 hall effect joysticks, hall effect triggers, mechanical bumpers, 1000hz polling rate, mechanical D-pad, membrane face buttons, mechanical back paddles, rumble, deadzone issues - tri mode 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MSI FORCE GC20 GC30 V2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 not hall effect 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MSI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mytrix Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NACON GC-100XF Controller
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 average 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PXN P5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect joysticks &amp; triggers, limited trigger stops, 1000hz polling rate on wired, 4 back paddles, 32 macro record, anti-deadzone mode, RAW mode, gyro, turbo, tri-mode connection - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PXN P50L 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PowerA 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;QRD Stellar T5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;QRD Junior E5 Mini 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;QRD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Wolverine V3 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024  hall 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RetroFlag 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Speedlink XEOX Pro Analog Wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;enclosed lithium battery? - xbox layout - switchable on back of controller to directinput (dinput) or xinput - USB dongle switchable to pc and ps3 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SCUF Instinct Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 good 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SCUF Envision Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 good 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steel Series Stratus Duo XL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;usb adapter needed 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://inputlabs.io/Inputlabs InputLabs Alpakka Open Source and build yourself] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;DIY it with 3d printer, pcb and components  - pi pico needed - 2 gyros for better accuracy - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://inputlabs.io/kapybara Inputlabs kapybara] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;DIY one handed version wip 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Vilcorn Z03 BT Wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 - other Bluetooth modes (green, red, blue, purple, etc.) Select + M1 (or M2) - 400mAh - not great latency wired - 800mhz polling -  
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;zd ultimate legend 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;zd 0+ elite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;zd 0+excellent
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
|}

&lt;pre&gt;
#ifndef AROSX_LIBRARY_H
#define AROSX_LIBRARY_H

#include &lt;exec/types.h&gt;

#define AROSX_CONTROLLER_TYPE_UNKNOWN  0x00
#define AROSX_CONTROLLER_TYPE_GAMEPAD  0x01

#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_DPAD_UP          0x0001
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_DPAD_DOWN        0x0002
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_DPAD_LEFT        0x0004
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_DPAD_RIGHT       0x0008
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_START            0x0010
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_BACK             0x0020
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_LEFT_THUMB       0x0040
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_RIGHT_THUMB      0x0080
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_LEFT_SHOULDER    0x0100
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_RIGHT_SHOULDER   0x0200
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_A                0x1000
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_B                0x2000
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_X                0x4000
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_Y                0x8000

struct AROSX_GAMEPAD {
    ULONG   Timestamp;
    UWORD   Buttons;
    UBYTE   LeftTrigger;
    UBYTE   RightTrigger;
    WORD    ThumbLX;
    WORD    ThumbLY;
    WORD    ThumbRX;
    WORD    ThumbRY;
};

#define AROSX_EHMB_CONNECT    0x00
#define AROSX_EHMB_DISCONNECT 0x01
#define AROSX_EHMF_CONNECT    (1L&lt;&lt;AROSX_EHMB_CONNECT)
#define AROSX_EHMF_DISCONNECT (1L&lt;&lt;AROSX_EHMB_DISCONNECT)

struct AROSX_EventHook {
    struct Node         eh_Node;
    struct MsgPort     *eh_MsgPort;
    ULONG               eh_MsgMask;
};

struct AROSX_EventNote {
    struct Message      en_Msg;
    ULONG               en_Event;
    APTR                en_Param1;
    APTR                en_Param2;
};

#endif /* AROSX_LIBRARY_H */
&lt;/pre&gt;


=== Joystick ===

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Merge with USB on Digital Pad
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CH Products CombatStick 568 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cyborg X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Extreme 3D
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| [Logitech Attack 3 Joystick] 
| 0x0464
| 0xC214
| 0205
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;saitek X-52 x52 pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;saitek aviator 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Speedlink Competition Pro USB 
| 
|
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| {{maybe|works but games not working &quot;out of the box&quot;}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust Predator QZ 501
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust Predator TH 400
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust Predator GM-2500 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust XK 100
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}

===[https://github.com/JacKeTUs/linux-steering-wheels Gaming Racing Steering Wheels]=== 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;25%&quot; |Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Merge with USB on Digital Pad
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
! width=&quot;40%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  [https://www.usb.org/sites/default/files/documents/pid1_01.pdf USB PID standard not supported], 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cammus C5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fanatec CSL Elite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;PS4 and Xbox - belt driven wheel - 30cm wheel swapping 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fanatec Club Sport 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; top belt $600 £500 system 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FFBeast 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Genius TRIO RACER F1 Racing Wheel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Cheap and cheerful but not great - may need calibrating 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hama PC Racing Wheel Thunder V18 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Average 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hori Racing Wheel 3 with pedals 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;PS3 PC 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logic3 PXU450 TopDrive GT450 Steering Wheel for PS3, PS4, XBox One and PC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech MOMO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Very good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Driving Force GT 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Drive Force Pro DFP 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; wheel 900 degree - weighs in at 15&amp;nbsp;lbs
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Formula Force EX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;200 degrees turn for the EX model is arcade-like driving - adds PS3 compatibility via the PSx/2 adaptor - weighs in at 9&amp;nbsp;lbs
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G25 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;   - needs external psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G27 PC/PS3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; comes with gear shifter - needs external psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G29 PC PS3/PS4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  may need additional shifter - gear 900deg wheel / rumble - 3 peddle - needs external psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G920 PC XboxOne 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  may need additional shifter - gear 900deg wheel / rumble - 3 peddle - needs external psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G923 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft(R) SideWinder Precision Racing Wheel (1999)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Moza R3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x346E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Moza R5
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x346E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Moza R9
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x346E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Moza R12
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x346E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/Ultrawipf/OpenFFBoard OpenFFBoard], 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PXN V10 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PXN V12 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PXN V12 Lite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Simagic M10 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; base direct drive $900 £800 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Simplicity Simwheel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; direct 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Simucube 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Simucube 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Simucube 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Simxperience Accuforce V2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SPEEDLINK Drift O.Z. Racing Wheel with Pedals and Gear Stick 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SteelSeries Simraceway SRW-S1 Steering Wheel (PC) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster Nascar Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster Ferrari Challenge Wheel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; Poor  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster Ferrari FGT Rumble GT Experience 3-in-1 (PC/PS3)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;b658
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0102
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes|Wheel and all buttons detected}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Not great - gear driven 240deg wheel rotation - no psu needed - 2 peddle - flappy gear change - rumble untested - red switch for PC PS3 selection 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster F430 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster T500 RS Wheel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; belt driven wheel/rumble for GT5 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster T60 Challenge 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster T150 Wheel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  gear / belt combo wheel / rumble - 2 peddle 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster TMX Pro PC/XboxOne
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; direct drive rumble - no manual gear shift included 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster T80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Base level and OK - PS4 - 270deg rumble - 2 peddle 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster T300 RS GT 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;PS3 PS4 - belt driven - 900deg rotation and modular 28cm wheel out - 2 peddles but 3 available 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster TX Leather 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;TX Xbox version - 900deg rotation 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustermaster TS PC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;PC only belt wheel 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; TS XW Racer PC Xbox1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; top belt system 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster T-GT 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;PS4 $700 £600 with T-DFB 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tracer Zonda Racing Steering Wheel PC PS3 Vibration Feedback Pedals Gearbox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


===Gamepad Joypad Adapters===

* Most adapters will work in most OS's without installing a driver. Special functions needing drivers will be noted. 
* Some adapters do not work with some [http://www.stepmania.com/wiki/Dance_Pads dance pads] because of voltage issues. Other adapters map the dancemat arrows as axes and not as buttons, causing problems.
* If using an adapters should be compatible with '''original''' PlayStation PS/Xbox Xbox/GameCube GC /Dreamcast DC/Sega Saturn SS gamepads. 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;35%&quot; |Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Merge with USB on Digital Pad
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.maplin.co.uk/psx-usb-bridge-34887?tabid=3&amp;worldid=&amp;doy=21m9&amp;faqitem=playstation%20controller%20to%20pc%20adaptor Maplin] [http://www.rockfire.com.tw/ Padix Co. Ltd. Rockfire] PX-205 PSX/USB Bridge 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0583 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2050
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes}} but buttons mapped different from others 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe|poor}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Ok with dpads, but very poor support with analogue hack 
|-
| Boom PS Joy Converter adaptor 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| discontinued (2004/5). Hold Up, Start, and Select for three seconds. Very good [http://www.stepmania.com stepmania] recommendation. 
|-
| [http://www.hkems.com/m_main.htm EMS] [http://www.hkems.com/product/ps2/ps2-usb2.htm USB2] grey plastic box with 2 PSX ports, one on either side - UP and Select pressed for 3 seconds at the same time or the dance code (start+select+up) 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes|Tests/joystick shows the PS port works in digital mode on d-pad}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| Set in PC switch mode. Does not work when using 2 pads at the same time, likely higher power requirements. FPSE emu DualShock untested, Mat and Guitar untested but known lag involved 
|-
| Joytech (play.com) (EMS USB2 bad clone) Black box twin PSX
| 0x0b43
| 0x0003
| 0x0
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No|buggy hardware}} 
| but poor on dance ddr mat and guitar hero as the left and right keys do not like being pressed together, Dual shock untested 
|-
| [ EMS Trio Linker ] 1 PSone connection at bottom
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 1PSX discontinued 2005 
|-
| [http://psxemulator.proboards.com/index.cgi?board=support&amp;action=display&amp;thread=421 EMS Trio Linker Plus] (blue box) 1 PSx at bottom
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 1PSX discontinued 
|-
| Gamtec [http://www.gamestone.co.uk/gradius/guides_usb_smartjoy_guide.php SmartJoy Plus] Lik Sang PS-&gt;USB converter Red 2005 
| 0x0925
| 0x0005
| Low 0110
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe|detected and digital dpad works with [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?topic_id=4138&amp;forum=2&amp;post_id=35952#forumpost35952 joystick and testjoystick tests] but  the second analog control is not mapping correctly in digital mode}} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No|Analogue Hack - hardware buggy not useable}} 
| Dual shock untested, Mat and Guitar untested. Nothing picked up upon plugging it in. Quite common, these items have grounding issues or feed voltage back into the USB host and freeze the host controller, preventing any plugins or removals being detected. 
|-
| Gamtec SmartJoy Plus Dual PS-&gt;USB converter Red 
| 0x0925
| 0x00
| Low 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No|buggy hardware}}
| 
|-
| [http://uk.gear.ign.com/articles/700/700334p1.html Lik-Sang Super SmartJoy PSX] 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 1PSX 
|-
| Soyo Kiki Kiky 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 
|-
| eXcel PSX adaptor shaped a little like a stealth bomber with USB pass through 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 
|-
| Venom 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 
|-
| Dragon Plus (Radio Shack) Pantherlord GreenAsia USB to PS2/PS3 converter single black cable
| 0x0e8f
| 0x03
| 1.07
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| 
|-
| Deal Extreme 2 PSX black cables from 1 USB port
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HDE 2014 Personal Communication Systems Inc 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0810
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0001
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0106
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Same as single cable above but with black block midway along cable 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TigerGame Ltd Mayflash PC001 Super Joy Box 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| TigerGame Ltd Mayflash PC016 Super Joy Box arrowhead triangle twin PSX] Original was lack with RED Leds. Clones Dilong pu203, Blue HDE Neewer ShineData SD-APS2USB, Red Octane and Black PC Power Box (NS3454) '''embossed circle''' on top 
| 0x0810
| 0x0001
| 1.06
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes|Tests/joystick shows one PS port does not work with analog control at all but the other port does and maps correctly in digital mode}} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes|Analogue hack works }}
| Still available 2013, poor construction though, falls to pieces easily. Dual Shock untested, Mat and Guitar untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TigerGame Ltd [http://www.mayflash.com/pc/pc038/pc038-1.htm Mayflash PC038 Super Joy Box Pro triangle twin PSX] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| TigerGame Limited Mayflash SuperJoy Box 5 PC006 long V-shaped 4 port PS/PS2 Game Controller Adapter  
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TigerGame Limited Mayflash SuperJoy Box 5 PRO PC039 PS/PS2 Game Controller Adapter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion 
|- 
| Boom PSX+N64 USB converter (purple or blue see through box) (2003/4) - red led for psx and green led for n64
| 0x6666
| 0x0667
| 0x0
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|not detected by Tests/joystick}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No|Analogue hack }}
| Rumble Pak untested
|-
| [http://www.hkems.com/product/ps2/TrioLinkerPlus2.htm EMS Trio Linker Plus II] 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?topic_id=4753&amp;forum=24&amp;post_id=43102#forumpost43102 ]
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 1DC 1GC 1PSX but not for ddr mat games 
|-
| TigerGame Mayflash PC043 clone HuiJia Black twin N64 converter for PC USB 
| 0x0e8f
| 0x3013
| 0x0
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|detected by Tests/joystick though two digital pads have their settings wrong}} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes|Analogue hack works well with middle handle/grip little joystick}}
| Rumble Pack untested 
|-
| TigerGame Mayflash PC MagicBox SuperBox 3 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| untested 1SS 1DC 1PSX }
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lik Sang SmartJoy X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045e
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0285
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SmartJoy X2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045e
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0289
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| TigerGame Mayflash PC018 Super Joy Box 9 Xbox (NOT 360) 
| 0x05e3
| 0x060
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|shows up as a Genesys Logic Hub}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| does not work. Hub(s) 0x0288 detected but 0x0289 xbox1 joypads are not detected as hid let alone as [http://www.amiga.org/forums/archive/index.php/t-62940.html xpad] or [http://pingus.seul.org/~grumbel/xboxdrv/ linux xboxdrv driver] 
|-
| TigerGame Mayflash PC019 Super Joy Box 10 Xbox Twin ports (NOT 360) 
| 0x05e3
| 0x060
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|shows up as a Genesys Logic Hub}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| does not work with the big Fatty Duke or smaller S Akebono controller(s) 
|-
| TigerGame Ltd Mayflash PC020 Super Joy Box 11 Xbox Quad ports (NOT 360) 
| 0x05e3
| 0x0604
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|shows up as a Genesys Logic Hub}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TigerGame Ltd Mayflash PC035 3 in 1 Magic Joy box PS GC Xbox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB to NES [http://wiki.nesdev.com/w/index.php/Standard_controller SPI like protocol] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Buffalo Classic USB Pad SNES like 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash PC044 USB to SNES 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB to MEGADRIVE GENESIS Joypad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.retrousb.com/product_info.php?cPath=21&amp;products_id=70 USB to 9 pin ATARI RETROPORT style JOYSTICK PORT] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Atari RetroLink 9pin to SB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SLS Sega Saturn USB pad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash PC050 Dual Saturn ports 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Guitar Hero for PC/Mac 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1430
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x474C
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cronus Max 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BrookX One 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash Gamecube to USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash Magic NS 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; WiiU 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Brook Converter WiiU P3 P4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CooV Xbox One Converter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


* [http://www.bemanistyle.com/forum/f6/best-metal-pad-19066/ Metal dance pads with LEDs] - My My Box Blue Shark (Nexen), Cobalt Flux (CF) (Let's Groove), Red Octane Afterburner, TX-2000, Logic3 (Dance Dance Dance), Gamerose (Stay Cool), 
* Hard foam mat - [http://www.mayflash.eu/3in1-deluxe-dansmat-ignition-foam-ps2xboxpc-p-5.html Mayflash] FutureMax Deluxe 3 in 1 Ignition, [http://www.gamerose.com/ Gamerose] (Stay Cool), TrinPad orange, 
* Soft foam mat - Logic3 (PS420N), [http://www.positivegaming.com/index.php?id=36 Positive Gaming Impact],  Gamerose Miss Daisys Naki (Stay Cool), Pelican, MadCatz

*PS1 PS2 PS3 PS4 flex ribbon big source of button/trigger issues with all controllers 
*PS2 Phat KSA1Q40A (Board), SA1Q33A (Membrane) SCHP-10010 H 
*PS2 SA1Q42A SCHP-10010 A 
*PS2 SA1Q43-A SCHP-10010 H


The primary axes are either the Control Pad or the left stick. Buttons come in a rough order: face buttons, then shoulder buttons, then Select and Start, then buttons under sticks, and finally Control Pad directions if not assigned to a hat. But the order and number of buttons within a category are unpredictable, as is which button the user expects to use for each action.

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; | Joypad 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | HATS 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 01
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 02
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 03
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 04
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 05
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 06
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 07
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 08
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 09
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 10
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 11
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 12
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 13
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 14
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Axes 1 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Axes 2 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Axes 3 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Axes 4 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Axes 5 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Axes 6 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; | Comment 
|-
| [https://pineight.com/mw/index.php?title=USB_game_controllers Xbox 360 Wired Controller]
| 
| A (down-green) 
| B (right-red) 
| X (left-blue) 
| Y (up-yellow) 
| LB (white) 
| RB (black) 
| Back
| Start
| Guide 
| L3
| R3
| 
| 
| 
| Left X 
| Left Y
| LT
| Right X
| Right Y 
| RT 
| Poor 2D, Good 3D 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gravis GamePad / Original PlayStation Controller 
| &lt;!--HATS DPAD--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Button 01--&gt;Red (Sqleft)
| Yellow X (X down)
| Green O (O right)
| Blue (Tri up)
| L1
| R1
| L2
| R2
| Select
| &lt;!--Button 10--&gt;Start
| 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Axes 1--&gt;Stick X
| Stick Y
| 
| 
|  
|  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; PlayStation 2 Older Adapters 
| &lt;!--HATS DPAD--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Button 01--&gt;Blue X (down) 
| Red O (right) 
| Pink Sq (left) 
| Green Tri (up) 
| L1
| R1
| L2
| R2
| Select
| &lt;!--Button 10--&gt;Start 
| Stick 1
| Stick 2
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Axes 1--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
|  
|  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; PlayStation 2 Newer Adapters 
| &lt;!--HATS DPAD--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Button 01--&gt;Up
| Right
| Down
| Left
| L2
| R2
| L1
| R1
| Select
| &lt;!--Button 10--&gt;Start
| Stick 1 (analogue Hack) 
| Stick 2 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Axes 1--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
|  
|  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; Wish Technologies N64 Adaptoid 
| &lt;!--HATS DPAD--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Button 01--&gt; A
| C Down
| C Right
| B
| C Left
| C Up
| L
| R
| Start
| &lt;!--Button 10--&gt;Z
| Pad Up
| Pad Down 
| Pad Left
| Pad Right 
| &lt;!--Axes 1--&gt;Stick X
| Stick Y 
| 
| 
|  
|  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; 
| &lt;!--HATS DPAD--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Button 01--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Button 10--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Axes 1--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
|  
|  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; 
| &lt;!--HATS DPAD--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Button 01--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Button 10--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Axes 1--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
|  
|  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
|}

Just plug in your digital/analogue joystick or gamepad into USB port. The device will be handled by Poseidon USB stack. Poseidon is the USB stack with Trident adding a GUI (graphical user interface) prefs. 


the context sensitive page would come up right on pressing the help key inside the relevant window. The manual is in this archive, just in case it isn't in SYS:Locale/Help  


*How to change joystick mode to analogue?

By default a connected USB joystick emulates Amiga digital joystick. To change this behaviour so that the joystick is presented as analogue you need to use Trident preferences application (System:Prefs/Trident).

Open Trident and go to Devices on the left hand side (mouse click once on it). Select your controller from the list to the right and then click on Settings button below. This will open a new window. On the &quot;General&quot; tab find the &quot;Lowlevel Library Joypad Emulation&quot; section near the bottom. Find ports which are set to &quot;Merge with USB&quot; or &quot;Override with USB&quot; and change them to &quot;Analogue Hack&quot;. 

Please note that analogue joystick support is an extension of original Amiga functionality, thus an Amiga application must be explicitly written to use it. AROS SDL library uses this functionality, thus all SDL applications that use joystick, can use the analogue joystick feature.

The HID class has several options how to handle the input data: 

* Don't touch: The movement and button data for is not modified by the hid class. This is the default for the ports 0, 2, and 3. 

* Overwrite with USB: This will kill the  original  data  that  might  had  come  from  the internal  ports  and  overwrites it with the joypad data for this USB interface. Note well: If you have multiple  joypads  connected,  take care  which setting you have selected for each port, because only the last interface with this option will actually send the joypad data to the game. 

* Merge with USB: This option merges the input data of the  lowlevel.library  with  the USB  stream. This only works, if the connected device on the original Amiga  ports  is  NOT  a  mouse  (because  then   the   streams   are incompatible).  Merging  should  be  the preferred method, because it leaves the original joysticks working. 

* Disable: Turns off the port for the application.

* Analogue Hack: Tells Poseidon to force reporting  of  analogue  data  at  the  port. Please  note  that  this only works with programs that understand the analogue  data,  because  it's   an   extension   to   the   original lowlevel.library   standard   made  by  Commodore.  If  you  want  to incorporate this feature in your software, just contact me and I will send you the necessary information. 

* Rumble Port: As addition to the analogue data, the HID class  supports  applications and  games  that want to utilize a rumble pack or force feedback motors in the gamepads. This field selects to  which  lowlevel  port  the  hid device responds, when attempting to use the rumble pack. Normally, this corresponds to the port that has  been  set  in  the  actions  for  the joypad.


*How to change joystick port assignment?

The low  level  library  supports up to four ports. Port 0 is usually used by the mouse, port 1 is the standard port for joysticks/joypads. By default a connected USB joystick is present in Port 1. To change its location to Port 0 you need to use Trident preferences. 

Open Trident and go to Devices window. Select your controller from the list and then click on Settings button. This will open a new window. On the &quot;General&quot; tab find the &quot;Lowlevel Library Joypad Emulation&quot; section. Port 1 should be set as either &quot;Merge with USB&quot; or &quot;Override with USB&quot;. Change this setting to &quot;Don't touch&quot;. Change Port 0 setting to &quot;Merge with USB&quot;.

Go to &quot;Actions&quot; tab. In the &quot;Reports and collection&quot; select first entry named &quot;Joystick&quot;. in the &quot;Usage items&quot; select &quot;X axis&quot;. Go to &quot;Performed actions&quot; area. On the left there will be a list of triggers. Each of them should have (port1) in their params. Click on the first trigger and using buttons to the right of the list change port1 into port 0. Repeat this for all triggers and for all items on &quot;Usage items&quot; list.


*How to make joystick simulate keyboard keys?

With Poseidon it is possible to make the joystick simulate the keyboard pressings. This might enable using joystick for playing games which only have keyboard support. This feature is configured in Trident preferences.

Open Trident and go to Devices window. Select your controller from the list and then click on Settings button. This will open a new window. Go to &quot;Actions&quot; tab. On the right top window select X axis. On the left bottom list select an entry &quot;Digital Joystick, Push left(port 1)&quot;. On the panel to the right change &quot;Digital joystick&quot; into &quot;Raw Key&quot;. A list of keys will be displayed. Select key you wish to send. Repeat the same procedure for &quot;Digital Joystick, Release left (port 1)&quot; option but this time check &quot;Send key up even instead of key down&quot;. Open shell and move your joystick to the left - your selected letter should appear in the shell. 


*Analogue in Trident Prefs
* Open the Trident USB Prefs -&gt; Devices -&gt; Select your joypad -&gt; Settings button -&gt; Action TAB 
* See some &quot;axis&quot; listed under &quot;Usage items&quot; in the top right of the window. They are your analog stick(s) 
* Check [x] Track Incoming Events which is half way down the window on the left 
And you should see some axis activity in &quot;Usage items&quot; when you move the analog stick 


*Actions

HID class item -&gt; Settings -&gt; HID Class Window -&gt; Action Tab -&gt; Action handling area 

Reports and collections -&gt; Usage Items -&gt; Performed actions 


Qualifier keys are *special*. You don't only need to create the actual keypress but also modify the qualifiers.
Go to the keyboard panel and find the windows menu key by enabling key tracking and pressing the windows menu key. Then assign the right amiga key to it.

Go to the actions panel and find the right amiga key (it's called &quot;Keyboard right GUI&quot;). Remember the actions stored there, best write them down in exact order. Then delete them.
Find the windows menu item and add the missing qualifier action. Be sure the parameters are exactly the same and the order is right.

Set them to Raw, then assign an up and down button for each character, etc.
when you change the settings to RAW so you can assign keyboard strokes. it will always say, KEYDOWN or what ever on the left, it never provides and option for key release.

The problem still remains though that if I try to assign the Directional Pad (Hat) to Arrow Keys, that things will get screwed up and you either can not move with the directional PAD (HAT), or movements are assigned to the Left Analog, and do not work as they should, it's as if the right and down arrow keys are ALWAYS On, regardless of the fact that I did indeed assign a Key release command to each input.

check that by pressing analog directions and see the current values, and the thresholds configured in poseidon to bind them to left/right/up/down.

misconfigured too much stuff in the HID settings, you can always go in poseidon-&gt;config list entry and delete the config item related to your device (or the HID class setting itself), back to basics.


*Rumble in Trident Prefs
Open Trident Prefs and click on the Devices option in the left hand window. Click with the mouse once on your gamepad choice on the right hand side and again on the Settings button below. In the new window, select the '''General''' TAB and half way down on the right there is an &quot;Open Now&quot; button in the section &quot;HID output control window&quot;. Clicking on that button opens another window (HID Control) with sliders for the two rumble engines inside the controllers and you can test if they work. '''Sometimes clicking that button does nothing, other times it will open the window and say nothing is detected.''' The leftmost two sliders do nothing, the third one has a large rumble effect, and the fourth one has a small rumble effect.

===Graphic Drawing Tablet===

There is a standard in HID for tablets possibly mouse type. If the tablet is HID conforming in that sense, it should work. Aiptek does a fairly good job at this. The other competitor, Wacom, didn't pay too much attention to this and simply adapted their legacy serial protocol into HID in a very awkward way. Older Wacom tablets have worked with the special support in the HID class, but not the more recent ones. 

 to use graphic tablets fully, applications need to be written that make use of the AmigaOS NewTablet events (which AROS has) 


* Entry level - A6 (6x4) work area 
* Medium A5 (6x8) A4 (10x7) size   (recommended but only a few ie years 2000 to 2003 models supported) 
* Semi Pro A3 (12x9) 
* Pro  Cintiq


* 2005/6 Some support added for Wacom tablets  
* 2008 Wacom's patent on battery free pens expires


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Micrograf Tabby (late 1980s and early 1990s) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;podscat pt 3030 graphics tablet
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Summagraphics 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom IV compatible (Graphire, ArtPad, A3, A4, A5 and PenPartner CT-0405-P - Wacom intuos GD-0405-R) Waycom Digitiser II UD-0608-R
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Artpad II (KT-0405-R) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AceCad boards 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AipTek HyperPen 6000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Calcomp 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AipTek HyperPen 8000 - Aldi/Medion MD 9310 and Aldi/Tevion LT 9310 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tablet PC penabled 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based like x61t X60t NC4200 NC4400 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* Wacom PenPartner
* PenPartner 2
* PenStation 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056a
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0000
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Graphire - Wacom Tablet ET-0405-U UV1.1-1 (Slate Blue)  ET-0405UL (lime)  (orange)  (red)  (purple) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0X0010
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|late 90s with A6 size - [Wacom Support] of X-axis 00000-10205  Y-AXIS 0000-7421 Tip Pressure 000-511 under Trident prefs. Air pen mouse type movements }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* Grapphire 2 4x5  ET-0405A-U UV2.0-3 (Steel Blue) 
* Graphire 2 5x7 ET-0507A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0011 and 0x0012
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0110
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|A6 and A5 versions - [Wacom Support] of X-axis 00000-10205  Y-AXIS 0000-7421 Tip Pressure 000-511. Air pen mouse type movements - mouse EC-120-0K tested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Graphire 3
* cte-430/w 4x5 pearl   sapphire 
* cte 630 6x8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0013 and 0x0014 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0314
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|A6 and A5 size - [Wacom Support] Xaxis 0-10207 yaxis 0-7423 tip pressure 0-511 and the erase end appears to respond but avoid bluetooth BT versions }}
|-
| Wacom Graphire 4 
* cte-440/B Blue cte 440/s Silver 4x5
* cte-640 6x8 cte 640 u 0403 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0015 and 0x0016 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;403
| {{Yes|A6 and A5 work area detected [Wacom Support] x-axis 0000-10207 Y axis 0000-7423 Tip Pressure 000-511 and delete rub out end of the pencil seems detected but avoid bluetooth BT versions }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* Wacom Intuos 4x5 GD-0405 
* Intuos 6x8    GD-0608
* Intuos 9x12    GD-0912
* Intuos 12x12  GD-1212-U 
* Intuos 12x18 GD-1218
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0020 0x0021 0x0022 0x0023 0x0024 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|detected and responses delivered back - x axis up to 30479 and y axis 31679, tip pressure up to 1023 and x and y tilt up to 127 - Wacom intuos GD-0912-A for Apple Macs NOT SUPPORTED}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* Intuos 2 4x5 A6 - XD-0405-U 
* Intuos 2 6x8 A5 - xd 0608u uoc
* Intuos 2 9x12 XD-0912-U
* Intuos 2 12x12 XD-1212-U
* Intuos 2 12x18 XD-1218-U
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056a
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0041 0x0042 0x0043 0x0044 0x0045 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0126
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|various sizes and recognised as [Wacom Support] but not working. x-axis 00000-20319 y-axis 00000-16239 tip presure 0000-1023 x-tilt y-tilt 000-127.  HID mouse xc-100-03 works but never could use it as a real tablet with pressure with TVPaint 3.6 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* Intuos 3 4x5 (PTZ-430) 
* Intuos 3 4x6   (PTZ-431W ) 
* Intuos 3 6x8   (PTZ-630 PTZ630) 
* Intuos 3 6x11 (PTZ-631W A3 wide)  
* Intuos 3 9x12 (A4 PTZ-930 PTZ930)  
* Intuos 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;056a
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x00b0 0x00b1 0x00b2 0x00b3 0x00b4 0x00b5
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No}} Actions in HID setup window definitively locks the Pointer (mouse) reports settings and even after a clear and save, nothing changes, the configuration returns to default values.  &quot;[Wacom]&quot; reports don't see any events from the tablet, even with &quot;Pointer&quot; reports cleared and save, so is locked a in &quot;mouse&quot; state - but can send a special command to the tablet in order to put it into a special vendor mode. This mode enables Wacom specificities like pressure, tilt, absolute position, buttons, etc... you should send an HID report feature with ReportID=2 and data=2, the current HID class driver doesn't give a way to change that, even using the &quot;initial startup actions&quot; item in the extra collection. No listed features work 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Wacom Volito - Promethean FT-0405-U06 UV1.4-1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0060
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0141
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|A6 work area with [Wacom Support] of x-axis 0000-5103 Y axis 0000-3711 Tip Pressure 000-511. Air and touch mouse movement - appears to be the budget option with some but limited features}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Volito 2 
* CTF-??? 2x3 
* CTF-420G CTF-420 V2.0-0 4x5
* Serif Penabled 6742 rebadge of CTF 420/020-B CTF-420/02
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0062
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|A6 work area with [Wacom Support] of x-axis 0000-5103 Y axis 0000-3711 Tip Pressure 000-511. Air and touch mouse movement - no erase function on the end of the pen - nylon nibs value option}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* Wacom PL-400 LCD 
* PL-500
* PL-510
* PL-550
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0030 0x0031 0x0032 0x0034 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* PL-600
* PL-600 SX
* PL-700
* PL-710
* PL-800
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0033 0x0035 0x0036 0x0037 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Cintiq 21 UX and Cintiq Partner DTF-720
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom PenTablet Bamboo (MTE), Bamboo Craft (CTH), Bamboo Fun (CTE), Bamboo Pen (CTL) and Bamboo Pen &amp; Touch (CTH) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Wacom Bamboo Fun Medium CTE-650 
| 
| 0x0018 
| 
| {{Maybe|[http://www.a1k.org/forum/showthread.php?t=11432 works on a1k forum]}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bamboo Fun Small CTE-450 white 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0017 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Bamboo One CTF-430 V2.0-0 CTF 430/S
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0069
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|A5 wired air pen and acts like a mouse only}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Intuos 4 
* Small PTK-440 PTK-540
* Medium - PTK-640 - PTK 540WL Wireless - 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested  Intuos4 surface sheet was revised in October 2010 to reduce nib wear}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Intuos 5 Touch 
*
* Medium - PTH-650 - USB Wired and Wireless Kit 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0027 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested work, however wireless may glitch or drag }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Intuos Pro Medium - PTH-651 - 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bamboo Small Pen Tablet - MTE 450 MTE-450A (MTE-450/k) - 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0065
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0116
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|A6 work area - mouse movement but no pen detection except x-axis 2 to -2 and y-axis 2 to -2 - mini usb lead - 4 blue led lit buttons not detected as well as circular touch button??  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bamboo Pen CTL 460
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested all Bamboo versions were criticized for the drawing surface's roughness (which got smoother over time), which caused the small pressure-sensitive 'nib' to wear down, and become slanted or scratchy in the same way as pencil lead, albeit more slowly}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Bamboo Fun CTH-461/S wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x00D2
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0106
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|A6 size - Pen tracking not working but finger touch works }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Bamboo Connect Pen Tablet CTL-470 CTL-470K 470-DE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CTH 470K
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom CTH 480/S wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} lithium battery for pad - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Intuos Pen Small CTL-480/S CTL 480 K wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x030E
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|A5 detected as Intuos PS  but not working although the RHS blue led responds to pen on tablet }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CTH 490 PK S Photo - CTH-490CK-S Comic - CTH-490AK-S Art 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested lower hovering height pen nibs wear fast and input lag/responsiveness}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intuos Pen &amp; Touch Medium - CTH-680 - USB Wired and Wireless Kit work 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Intuos Pro (PTH-660 and PTH-860) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Media Tablet 10.6&quot;
    Genius G-Pen M609
    Genius G-Pen M609X
    iVista Media Tablet 10.6
    Aiptek MediaTablet 10000u

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0501
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Slim Tablet 12.1&quot;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x172F
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0034
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x1105
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Media Tablet 12 by 9&quot; 
    Aiptek HyperPen 12000u T-12000U Tablet Series 
    Nisis T-12000u USB Tablet Series Version 1.05 (aiptek rebadged)

    Trust item #1535
    ADESSO Cyber Tablet 12000 Graphic design tablet
    iVista Media Tablet 12
    PENTAGRAM O'pen Wide P 2003
    Genius G-Pen M712
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0500, 0x08ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0010
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0105
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|detected with Nisis/Aiptek functioning as a tablet, untested with others  - Puck (mouse) x axis 0000 to 6000 y axis 0000 to 6000 - stylus (pen) x axis 00000 to 12000 y axis 00000 to 12000 tip pressure 0000 to 1023 - 16 function keys - AAA battery needed for pen and another for the mouse}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Media Tablet 14.1&quot; v5.1e
    Genius G-Pen M714X
    Aiptek MediaTablet 14000u WMK-H141 
    Trust item #15358
    Adesso CyberTablet 14000 M14
    iVista Media Tablet 14.1
    PENTAGRAM O'pen Wide P 2004

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0X172f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0X0500
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0114
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|detected with Nisis/Aiptek functioning as a tablet - Stylus (Pen) X 16838 Y 16838 Tip Pressure 1023 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop PID 0038
    Genius G-Pen F509
    Manhattan 177405

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0038
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop PID 0052
    Yiynova MSP19

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0052
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Q Pad
    Aiptek HyperPen Mini
    NGS Flexi Style
    VisTablet PenPad
    iVistaTablet Q Flex Pad
    Bravod Q-PD65-S
    Trust Flex Design Tablet (#16937)

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0037
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Sirius Battery Free Tablet
    VisTablet Muse
    PENTAGRAM Designer P 2700
    Princeton PTB-S1BK

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0502
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Slim Tablet 12.1&quot;
    Genius G-Pen F610
    Trust Slimline Widescreen Tablet (#16529)
    VisTablet Original 12&quot;
    Adesso CyberTablet Z12
    Adesso CT-Z12A
    PenPower Tooya Pro
    Aiptek Slim 12.1 Inch
    Aiptek SlimTablet 600u Premium II
    NGS Slim Proguess
    iVistaTablet Slim 12.1
    PENTAGRAM ThinType P 2006

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0034
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Slim Tablet 5.8&quot;
    Genius G-Pen F350
    Trust item #16485
    VisTablet Mini
    iVistaTablet Slim 5.8
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0032
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Venus S Tablet
    Trust eBrush Widescreen Tablet (#17939)

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0503
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Aiptek GmBH MediaTablet Ultimate II - 16:10 Professional Graphic Tablet Model 1400U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hanvon Beijing HanWang HW Micro Drawing Tablet ET0504U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b57
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8030
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;01111
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|does not work - recognised as an HID mouse - no tablet extensions detected}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;KYE EasyPen 340, Genius EasyPen 340 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0458:5014
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|untested }}
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| Aiptek Hyper Pen 6000u PC Tablet APT
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{No|detected but does not work - win98 era cordless 6in by 4.5in - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;nisis T-8000U APT-2 Aiptek rebadge 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x08CA
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0021
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|A5 detected but no responses }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acecad Flair II GT-504 Init Fkt  Fkt 0x5ab450c0
AIPTEK HyperPen 10000 U
Aiptek HyperPen 10000U, 
AIPTEK Slim Tablet U600 Premium II
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0460
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0004
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ace Cad Enterprise Co., Ltd Tablet - 5x3.75 drawing area 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0460
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0004
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bosto's 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} UCLogic Digitizer 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Adesso CyberTablet Z7, Adesso CyberTablet 12000, Adesso CT-12000A  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UC-Logic / Lapazz WP8060, UC-Logic / Lapazz PF1209, UC-Logic / Lapazz Artistic Tablet 5540,   Manhattan 8&quot;x6&quot;, Manhattan 3&quot;x4&quot;, Manhattan
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested but suspect not working}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DigiPro 5.5×4” Graphics Tablet
Digital Ink Pad (A4 format) 
DigiPro WP8060, DigiPro WP5540,  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Genius G-pen
G-Pen 4500
Genius Wizardpen
Genius Mousepen
Genius Easypen i405 M610 
Genius PenSketch 9x12, Genius MousePen i608, Genius MousePen 8x6, Genius MousePen / WizardPen 5x4, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Genius G-Pen F610
Genius G-Pen M610 
Genius G-Pen 340 (UC-LOGIC Tablet WP4030U)
Genius G-Pen 450 (UC-LOGIC Tablet WP5540U)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Genius
UC-LOGIC
iBall Tablet PF8060
iBall
Iball Pen Tablet 8060U, Iball Pen Tablet 5540U, Iball Pen Tablet 4030U, Iball Design Tablet PF1209,
NGS CADBOY (UC-LOGIC Tablet WP5540U)
Pentagram
QWare
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust TB-3100
Trust TB-5300 Trust 15356 
Trust TB-6300 Trust 15357  WP8060U  Slimline but bulky with metal backing A5 size 
Trust 16486, Trust 16447,  Sketch Design Tablet,
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|clashes with usb and crashes AROS }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UC-Logic Tablet WP1062
    Aiptek HyperPen 10000U
    Monoprice 10X6.25 Inches Graphic Drawing Tablet
    Pickle 10x6.25 Inch Graphic Drawing tabletguess

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;5543:0064
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| [ VTech KidiPhoto Art Studio] 
| 
| 
|  
| {{yes|works}}
|-
|}

Tablet has a squared lines of wires which induce a current into the pen which is then detected by the metal grid in the tablet pad. Tablets report pressure (and tilt on expensive models) and are absolute pointing devices (put the pen at the top left and the mouse pointer will go to the top left of the screen). Graphic drawing area, what keys, report rate, resolution lpi lpmm, accuracy, pressure levels (may come from the app), origin position,

Wacom tablets use electromagnetic resonance technology.  Since the tablet provides power to the pen through resonant inductive coupling, no power is required for the pointing device. As a result, no batteries are inside the pen (or the accompanying puck), making them lighter and slimmer.

Under the tablet's surface (or LCD in the case of the Cintiq) is a printed circuit board with a grid of multiple send/receive coils and a magnetic reflector attached behind the grid. In send mode, the tablet generates a close-coupled electromagnetic field (also known as a B-field) at a frequency of 531&amp;nbsp;kHz. This close-coupled field stimulates oscillation in the pen's coil/capacitor (LC) circuit when brought into range of the B-field. Any excess resonant electromagnetic energy is reflected back to the tablet. In receive mode, the energy of the resonant circuit’s oscillations in the pen is detected by the tablet's grid. This information is analyzed by the computer to determine the pen's position, by interpolation and Fourier analysis of the signal intensity.

In addition, the pen communicates information such as pen tip pressure, side-switch status, tip vs. eraser orientation and ID number (to differentiate between different pens, mice, etc.). For example, applying more or less pressure to the tip of the pen changes the value of the pen's timing circuit capacitor. This signal change can be communicated in an analog or digital method. An analog implementation modulates the phase angle of the resonant frequency, while a digital method is communicated to a modulator that distributes the information digitally. The tablet forwards this and other relevant tool information in packets, up to 200 times per second, to the computer.


If you disable (delete all of them except for one that needs to be set to &quot;no action&quot;, so that it will not be regenerated as default) the Extra Startup actions, the tablet should remain in relative mouse mode—you will not get pressure information in that mode though. [http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/highway_usb/message/2394]}}


=== Handheld Barcode Scanner Readers ===

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Farsun 9100 barcode scanner 0-12&quot; 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Motorola Symbol LS2203 CMOS 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tysso 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested Simple}} Code 11, Code 39, Code 93, Code 128, Coda Bar, UPC-A, UPC-E, EAN-8, EAN-13, MSI/Plessey, Telepen, Interleaved 2 of 5, Industrial 2 of 5, Matrix 2 of 5 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Unitech MS320 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wasp WCS3905 CCD 1&quot; 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} Code 93, Matrix 2 of 5, Industrial 2 of 5, Code 39, UCC/EAN-128, ISBN, Code 32, EAN/JAN-8 , EAN/JAN-13 , UPC-A, UPC-E, Codabar, Code 128, Code 11, Interleaved 2 of 5, MSI-Plessey, China Post, IATA 2 of 5, ISSN, UK-Plessey 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Datalogic Touch 90 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intermec  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Honeywell Metrologic MK9540-32A38 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Motorola LS2208 Laser 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wasp WWS800 Laser 1D 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Datalogic GD4130-BK-C066 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Honeywell 1202G-1USB-5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Motorola / Symbol DS6707-DC20007ZZR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DataMan 8000 2D 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Honeywell Voyager 9520/40 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Metrologic MS1690 USB 2D Barcode Scanner  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} QR Code GS1 Databar PDF417
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Syscan GM800 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}

[http://www.scandit.com/2011/11/04/types-of-barcodes-choosing-the-right-barcode-type-ean-upc-code128-itf-14-or-code39/ Types of Barcode]

&lt;pre&gt;
UPC-A       Grocery most common 
Code 128    
EAN-13      Library Books ISBN &amp; ISSN, 
Code 39     
Codabar     blood bank,

2D barcodes such as 
Data Matrix 
PDF417e     
Maxicode    
Aztec       
QR Code     old Nokia handsets, 
MicroPDF417 
&lt;/pre&gt;


===TouchScreens===

Projected capacitive (PCAP) touch screen product, amongst many options the widely used are I2C and USB 

*USB host–device structure which dominates consumer and industrial electronics devices where higher bandwidth needed and user-friendly (multiswipes)
*I2C Inter-Integrated Circuit simple serial standard for LCD display in embedded systems because of cost and low power 
*SPI arduino and rpi single boards 

We cover the USB here 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| eGalax Touch 4a
| 0eef 
| 0001 
| 0001
| {{yes|2009 works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lilliput HDMI Monitors
669GL-70NP/C/T (7 inch)
869GL-80NP/C/T (8 inch)
FA1011-NP/C/T (10 inch)
FA1046-NP/C/T (10 inch)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Iilyama Prolite Monitors
PROLITE T1513SR-1 (15 inch)
PROLITE T1730 (17 inch)
PROLITE T1713SR-1 (17 inch)
PROLITE T1913SR-1 (19 inch)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Smart Display Company (SDC) Touchscreens TFT Monitors
TOUCH-TFT-TS07 (7 inch)
TOUCH-TFT-TS08 (8 inch)
TOUCH-TFT-TS10 (10 inch)
TOUCH-TFT-TS12 (12 inch)
TOUCH-TFT-TS15 (15 inch)
TOUCH-TFT-TS17 (17 inch)
TOUCH-TFT-TS19W (19 inch wide)
TOUCH-TFT-TS22W (22 inch wide)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;XENARC Monitors 7 inch models
700TSH
700TSU
700TSV
702TSV
705TSV
706TSA
700IDT
MDT-X7000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;XENARC 
8 inch models:
800TSV
805TSV

10 inch models:
1020TSV
1026TSA
1040TS

12 inch models:
1200TS
1200TR
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asus VT229H 21.5&quot;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CUQI 7&quot; Monitor Touchscreen 1024x600 IPS
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Espresso 15&quot; Portable Touchscreen Display Monitor
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hannspree HT225HPB 21.5 inch
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;WaveShare 13.3inch HDMI LCD (H) (with case)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


===GPS tracking, running, cycling, biking, walking, hiking, ORIENTEERING, boaters and mapping===

Support for OpenStreetMap but not for Ordnance Survey, Map Pilot or National Geographic's Topo maps data gdb,

Data output supported nmea 0183 V1.5 APA, V1.5 XTE and V2.1 GSA formats, gpx, kml/kmz, tracks from tcx files, geo: URIs,  
NMEA0183(which is RS232, voltages range from -15 volts to 15 volts, 4800 baud), or need NMEA sentences connected to your computer

other method that some units support is a special serial cable that actually emits raw RS232 NMEA. These usually take 10-&gt;30 volts input, can run the unit, and have full voltage I/O for RS232 (not like spanner mode, which effectively turns the unit into a USB-&gt;Serial adapter inside the case).

Equivalent apps - merkator, mapsource,

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin gpsmap 180 GPS/chart plotter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;1992 GARMIN GPS 55 AVD Portable System 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin GPS V 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested - waas pinpoint within 3 metres - nmea - 4AA battery}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin GPS 12 12XL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Legend C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin eMap 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|possibly through usbmodem rs232 connection nmea 0183 protocol}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin eTrex 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} rs232 these older units supported it and would provide the stream in either the standard NMEA 0183 format or a proprietary Garmin format.
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin GPS 75 AVD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan GPS Map 7000 model 45006 (1994) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan GPS Tracker
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan Pioneer Satellite Navigator 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan GPS 300 315 320 Mentor Receiver (2003) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Not for dedicated sat nav units like the Nuvi, TomTom, etc 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NaviLock NL-402U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested u-blox 5 SuperSense® chipset with receivers for GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, BeiDou and QZSS}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GM1-86UB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| U-BLOX UB-6010 GGA,GSA,GSV, RMC and support VTG, GLL, TXT ublox binary and NMEA Command Dynamic Condition }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NAVILOCK GPS NL-602U USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|works via usbmodem.device - ublox ag 6 chipset - 50 channel}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TOPGNSS ton Receiver &amp; Antenna GM702  u-blox 7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|UBLOX7020 chip design bloc u-blox}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VK-162 G-MOUSE u blox 7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1546
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x01a7
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|UBX G70xx with RMC VTG GSV TXT GLL GGA GSA}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VK-172 u-blox 7 G7020-KT gps gnss white pen stick receiver - over 1 inch long 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1546 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x01a7
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A| detected as cdc controlled plug in device - 18x18x2mm patch antenna but can be slow to update - nmea 0183 and ublox binary protocol}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GlobalSat BU-353 WaterProof USB GPS Receiver 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested SiRF Star III}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Haicom HI-206 USB GPS receiver with RS-232 interfaces, RJ11 and PS/II connector EB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|usb-serial prolific pl2303 detected but GSP3F SiRF Star IV technology not detected or bound}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BT760Y, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested Skytraq Venus 5 GPS chipset}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GM-65 USB GPS Receiver
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested Skytraq Venus 6 GPS chipset - 65 channel}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested Skytraq Venus 7 GPS chipset}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GM-65 USB GPS Receiver
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested Skytraq Venus 8 GPS chipset - 167 channels}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Colorado 300 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} USB 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Geko 101 201 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} limited waas enabled only - waypoints - aaa battery 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Edge 200 bike mount 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin ForeRunner 10 15 watch 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Montana 600
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Dakota 10 20 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Map76s 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Oregon 450T  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} USB nmea 0183 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin eTrex 10 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested - no nmea0183 sentences data stream output - configuration an option to set it to &quot;Garmin&quot; mode, or &quot;Mass Storage&quot; mode. Since the mass storage mode seems to be required for waypoint/track/etc data exchange, the 'Garmin' mode would be for this data stream. Yet putting it in that mode doesnt seem to produce anything.}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Oregon 650T 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin GPSMAP 64S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GPSMap 78S or GPSMap 76CSX which has a NMEA port for talking to Nav equipment
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin eTrex Vista Cx GPS Receiver 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested - 2AA battery}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin GPSmap 276c
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan 2000 XL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan 3000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan Triton 300
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} SiRFstarIII™, Antenna Type Multidirectional Patch with WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS support 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan Triton 400 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}


==massstorage.class (MSC/UMS - most cameras and mp3 players)==

=== USB Card Readers ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Installing
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Booting
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| A-Tec Model CR-362 
| 
| 
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| [http://www.belkin.com/IWCatProductPage.process?Merchant_Id=&amp;Section_Id=200406&amp;pcount=&amp;Product_Id=179164 Belkin 15 in 1 Card Reader]
|
|
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Conrad CP440 60 in 1 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works on a1k forum}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Genesys Gtech Logic 19 in 1
| 0x05E3
| 0x0710
| High 0200
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Hama 19 in 1 Card Reader 
|
|
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| Hama 35 in 1 Card Reader 
|
|
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Integral Single Slot SD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kingston USB 3.0 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lexar microsd adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} but wider than Sandisk version - could block other slot if below 
|-
| Pretec CardDriver 
|
|
| 
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Sandisk MicroMate 
|
|
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sandisk MobileMate SD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sandisk MobileMate Micro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} has satisfying 'click' when microsd inserted 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sandisk MobileMate Duo MicroSD
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} no 'click' insertion uses pressure so future wear and tear issues 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Serena metal cased microsd only 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|Maybe}} hit or miss on quality 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Serena &quot;Sandisk MobileMate&quot; look-alike 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|Maybe}} hit or miss on quality 
|-
| SilverCrest 16in1 
|
|
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Transcend 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Transcend P5 8 in 1 TSRDP5K 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Transcend P8 15 in 1 TSRDP8K
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Zyxel integralmemory 8 in 1 
| 0x0aec
| 0x3260
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{no|not detected}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}

=== USB Hard Drives ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Datel MaxDrive 
| 
| 
|  
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Inateck 2.5 Inch USB 3.0 Hard Drive Disk Enclosure/ Case (FE2001) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} Full USB 3.0 port but plastic teeth keeping drive in place can snap 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Inateck case (FE2002) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} full USB 3.0 port - updated design 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Inateck case (FE3001) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} wider USB 3.0 port and no on/off switch  Jmicron JMS578 chipset
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Iomega Desktop Hard Drive 500GB, 3,5“, USB2.0 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Samsung
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Samsung
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Samsung T3 SSD 
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}} USB 3.1 Gen 1 space grey / black metal/ plastic 
|-
| Samsung T5 SSD 
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}} USB 3.1 Gen 2 256GB 512GB alluring blue 1Tb 2Tb black unibody metal 
|-
| Samsung
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Seagate
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Seagate 
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Toshiba Canvio 1TB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|partition fat32 or sfs to 100GB max - ntfs partitions not detected out of the box - select usb drive in trident prefs and press disable to shutdown}}
|-
| Verbatim 160GB Smartdisk 
| 
| 
|  
| {{yes|works }}
|-
| Western Digital USB 
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;WD Essential 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;WD Passport 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}


=== USB DVD CD ROM Drives ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;12.5mm 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;12.5mm enclosure mini-sata dvd-rw 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested needs sole usb3 port to power it}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;9.5mm enclosure ECD829 mini-sata dvd-rw with Initio Corporation INIC-1618L SATA 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x13fd
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0840
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested but probably needs sole usb3 port to power it}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|}


=== USB to NGFF NVMe SDD HDD DVD CD ROM Drives ===

The older Jmicron JMS539B seems to result in massive filesystem corruption given the amount of corrupted content. Prehaps always avoided Jmicron and opted for Asmedia even if it costed a bit more. Realtek seems to be working okay for me generally speaking and newer Jmicron chipsets are less buggy – but evidently not perfect. 

From [https://goughlui.com/2025/08/17/psa-validate-your-storage-jmicron-jms583-kioxia-bg4-series-ssd-issue/ thread] 

Here is a [https://forums.anandtech.com/threads/stable-nvme-usb-adapter.2572973/ very long thread] that discusses data corruption and stability issues with these bridges. The majority of the posts are complaining of dropouts, hangs and the like, which usually down to either a poor USB 3.x implementation (SuperSpeed connections are very picky as to cables, ports and trace routing) or problematic compatibility. Regardless, the [https://www.legitreviews.com/jmicron-jms583-controller-version-matters-for-portable-usb-drives_219422 JMS583 is known to have several versions] noting that the last revision (C) in that article is a 2021 release which should fix earlier stability and cable quality compatibility issues. 
JMS583-STD-Release-v00.02.01.04-Bus Power.bin is the latest JMS583 firmware as of August 2025. 

Early firmware RTL9210 seems to have issues as well 


* RTL9210B
* JMS583 rev1 with firmware A2 or A3  

* RTL9210A
* JMS583 firmware 2.0.9 
* Asmedia ASM2362

* RTL9201A


The reference Hardware ID for the JMS583 chipset from JMicron is:
VID_152D&amp;PID_0583&amp;REV_0209
where &quot;VID_152D&quot; identifies a JMicron product;
&quot;PID_0583&quot; is the generation chipset;
&quot;REV_0209&quot; is the firmware version installed.

In the same way, the reference Hardware ID for the RTL9210 from Realtek is:
VID_0BDA&amp;PID_9210&amp;REV_3100
&quot;VID_0BDA&quot; is for a Realtek product, &quot;PID_9210&quot; is referred to the chipset and &quot;REV_3100&quot; to the firmware.


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ASM1153E / ASM1153 with firmware 140509_A1_82_40 or 141126_A1_EE_82. Both supports UASP and TRIM on USB 3.1 Gen.1 adapter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x174c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x55aa
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|works with sabrent ec-uasp}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ASM235CM Ugreen aluminum bridging the USB3.2 Gen2x1 to Serial ATA host interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x174c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TI 9261 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ASM225
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x174c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JMicron JMS578 issues USB 3.1 Gen.1 adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;152d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0578
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|needs fixing on pi4 storage quirks}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JMicron JMS576 issues USB 3 to usb-c adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;152d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0576
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|orico}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JMS562 JMicron Technology Corp
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;152d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0562
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JMS561U
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x152d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1561
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|works with sabrent ec-uasp}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VL716Q4 Orico black meshed aluminum usb c
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asmedia ASM1053E 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1B21 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x55aa
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ASmedia ASM1051E
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x174c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x55aa
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asmedia ASM1053
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x174C
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1536
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asmedia ASM104x
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1B21 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1042 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Unknown Chinese version 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0bc2
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2312 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|sometimes works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JMicron N5321 gr
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x152d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xa583
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Initio Corp INIC-1618L mini slimline sata 6 + 7 pins to usb2 adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x13FD
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0840
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0114
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|sometimes works mini sata to usb2 detects 201x laptop DVD as MassStorage(CD/DVD) but may need powered USB hub}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Unknown mini sata to usb3 adaptor 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x01F75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0621
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0036 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|sometimes works mini sata to usb3 detects 201x notebook DVD drive as MassStorage(SCSI) but 5V 1.5Amp needs powered hub to burn }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|}


=== External Floppy ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://techtravels.org/amiga/amigablog/ Amiga Floppy Project]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://aminet.net/package/driver/media/Catweasel_AROS_V1.2 Catweasel Mk4] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0xE159
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0001
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x00
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|2005 [http://archives.aros-exec.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=driver/storage works]}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Catweazle MK4plus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|2010  driver for Teac are best, Sony are good, but Mitsumi don't like the Catweasel}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://hxc2001.free.fr/floppy_drive_emulator/ HxC Floppy Emulator]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.softpres.org/glossary:kryoflux KyroFlux]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung SFD-321U/EP USB Floppy
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.cbmstuff.com/proddetail.php?prod=SCP SuperCard Pro] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.facebook.com/groups/greaseweazle Greaseweazle STM hardware], [https://cowlark.com/fluxengine/index.html Greaseweasel support], [https://github.com/keirf/greaseweazle python software], [https://amigakit.amiga.store/greaseweazle-p-91279.html buy], 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB FLOPPY DISK DRIVE (USB External Floppy Disk) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/SukkoPera/OpenFlops OpenFlops] with [https://github.com/keirf/flashfloppy FlashFloppy] Gotech clone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/hmerrett/HenryFlops HenryFlops reworked OpenFlops] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/tebl/Amiga-DrawBridge DrawBridge aka Arduino Amiga Floppy Disk Reader/Writer] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| arduino based hardware }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FL-2501 USB Portable Diskette Drive  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 usb - [https://amiga.robsmithdev.co.uk/ Drawbridge] [https://github.com/RobSmithDev/ArduinoFloppyDiskReader software] ribbon cable compat with p/n 19308801-19 and s/n U356244 - model ASM P/N 27l4226 and FRU P/N 05k9283 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Dell Floppy Drive Module USB External 3.5&quot; - Teac FD-05PUB 1.44mb 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 usb 1.1 
|-
|}


==ptp.class (PTP and MTP - other cameras and mp3 players)==

=== Cameras ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 20D
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2004  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon 350D (also known as the Digital Rebel XT/Kiss Digital N) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2005 DIGIC II processor 8-megapixel }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon PowerShot A430 A560 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2006 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 400D (XTi) digital SLR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 1000D also known as Rebel XS
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 10.2mp 720p  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon 450D aka Rebel Xsi 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 12.2mp }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon PowerShot S90 S95 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 2010 720p video - 10Mpixel }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon Powershot SD960 IS Digtal ELPH 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 Still Image: Exif 2.2 (JPEG), Movie: MOV (Image: H.264; Audio: Linear PCM) Lithium-ion Battery Pack NB-4L }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 500D aka Rebel  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 1080p 15.1MP Lithium  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 550D 600D aka Rebel T2i T3i DSLR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010-2011 1080p 18MP Lithium LP-E8 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon Powershot S100 S110 S120  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011-2013 720p-1080p video 12.1MP and above versions - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 1100D DSLR Camera aka Rebel T3 SLR, EOS Kiss X50 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 720p 10Mpixels Lithium  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 650D 700D aka Rebel T4i T5i T6i SLR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012-2013 1080p 18Mpixels Lithium LP-E8 articulating flip out twistable screen }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon ELPH 300 HS (IXUS 220 HS) 230 100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 blogging camera }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon PowerShot N 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013  12.1 MP CMOS, DIGIC 5 Wifi Lithium Battery Pack NB-9L }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon Powershot G7 X, G7X-II 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014-2016 1080p video 12.1MP and above versions - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 1300D DSLR Camera aka Rebel T6 SLR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 1080p 16Mpixels Lithium  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon Powershot G7x G5X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| G7X flip up and G5X flip out - same batteries - no external microphone input - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS M3 M5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| flip out - same batteries - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 60D 70D 80D 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon 6D 7D 8D 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon 5D Mark II III IV DSLR
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji FinePix A850
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FujiFilm Finepix F100fd
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji FinePix F810
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji xf1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| pocketable exr cmos 12mp }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji xt1  x-t1  x10 x-t10
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 1080p }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fujifilm x100 x100s x100t 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji xPro1 xPro2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji xt2 / x-t2 x-t20 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 4K video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GoPro HERO 3 HERO4 HERO 5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D100, D60
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2004 Compact flash storage - non interchangeable lenses up to 12.3MP sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D50, D50x 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2005  storage - 6.1MP sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D70, D80, D90 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2006 Compact flash storage - 10MP sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D40, D40x 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007  storage -  10MP sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D300, D700
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008  storage -  12.3MP sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D2Xs, D2Hs, D3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2006-2008  storage - sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D3000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 720p video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D5000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010 720p video unlike D3000 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D6000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010 16mpixel}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D7000  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010 16.2mp 720p video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon L26 L27 L28 L29 L31 Coolpix compact cameras 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 720p video - 2 AA - pocket sized }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D3100   
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 720p video 14.2mp}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D5100 DSLR
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 16.2mp  720p}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon L810 L820 L830 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012-2014 720p video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012  storage - sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D7100 D7200  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012-2014 up to 24.2mp 1080p video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D3200  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 1080p 24MPixel}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D5200 D5300  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 24.1MP 1080p }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D800 D600 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 1080p video sd card storage - dust/oil issue at start}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D3300 DSLR
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 24.2MP 1080p  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D500, a high-performance DX-format (APS-C) DSLR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D3400 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 24.2MP 1080p }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D5500 D5600 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016-2018 24.1MP 1080p }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D810 D610 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 1080p video sd card storage }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D7300 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 4K UHD video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D900 D850 D820 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 4k 46MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus C-370 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2004 3.2mp }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus Camedia C-725 Ultrazoom
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2004 3mp aa batteries, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus Evolt E-500
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2005 8mp  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus Evolt E-410 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus Evolt E-510
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007 10MP Live MOS sensor with TruePic III processor,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus E-420
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 10mp, compactflash and xD cards,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus E-520
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 10mp, compactflash and xD cards,  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus E-620
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 12.3mp, compactflash, xD and microdrive cards,  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus E-30 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus E-450 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 10mp,  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax * ist DS DSLR camera
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2005 6.1mp  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax K10D
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2006 10.2mp APS-C CCD no video and older manual Pentax K-mount lenses}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax K20D
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2008 14.6MP APS-C but no video recording mode }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax K30 K-5 II 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2012 16MP full HD (1080p) recording at 24/25/30 fps}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax K-3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 24MP 1080p  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax K-3 II
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2015 24MP  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax K-3 III
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 25.7MP BSI CMOS sensor  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic Lumix LZ10 LZ20 DMC-LZ30 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 720p video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic TZ1 TZ5  TZ9 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic Lumix GH1 GH2 like the DMC-GH2HEB-K - GH3 DMC-GH3HEB-K 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| Four Thirds (GH2)  MFT Micro Four Thirds (GH3) limited to 29mins recording }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic AF series AF100 AF101 AF102 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic Lumix DMC-G2 DMC-G3 G5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic TZ60 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic DMC LX7 10 LX15 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic GF7 GX8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic G80 G85 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| micro 4/3 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic GH4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| micro 4/3 - shooting in MOV or MP4 formats recording limited to sd card size but split files because the FAT32 file system only supports files up 4GB in size, which amounts to around 5 minutes of 4K (100mbps) footage - GH4 appears to create 4GB files as a rule, regardless of whether the memory card’s file system supports larger files or not - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic GH5 gx80 gx85 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| Effective: 20.3 Megapixel 5184 x 3888 - 2 sd card slots compatible with high-speed, high capacity UHS-II - sd card v rating like the v90 should record at 60MB/s to be compatible with the GH5 in the All-I format - possible file corruption with .mdt files - new firmware 2.0 update, the Panasonic GH5 becomes the first 5K - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic FZ2000 FZ2500 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung WB100 WB1100 WB150 WB2200 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 16MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung NX11 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung  NX200, NX20, NX1000 and NX210
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 20.3Mp APS-C sized CMOS image sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sanyo Xacti CG65
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sanyo 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Alpha DSLR-A100
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2005 6.1MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Cyber-shot DSC camera models W110 W220 H300 H400 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Alpha DSLR-A200
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 10.2MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Alpha DSLR-A230
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 10.2MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony A290 DSLR Camera 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010 14.2MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Cybershot HX20V HX30V 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 18mp 720p  - steady shot unit / optical block can cause buzzing noise and/or jumping image in lcd / viewfinder - dots are dirt and this voids the warranty }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Cybershot HX50V HX60V 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 20.2MP 1080p  - steady shot unit / optical block can cause buzzing noise and/or jumping image in lcd / viewfinder - dots are dirt and this voids the warranty }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony A77 A99 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony WX100 WX150 wx220 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 2014 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony NEX-6 Sony NEX-7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 16 to 24MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony NEX-3N Sony NEX-5N 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 16MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α58 Sony α68 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 20.1 MP  2014 24mp }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony rx100 mk III 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 20.1MP 1.0-type back-illuminated Exmor R CMOS sensor, often after boot-up, the motor starts running for no reason for first versions' -  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α5000 a5000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 20.1 Megapixel APS-C Exmor APS HD CMOS 1080p Sony E-mount [https://github.com/ma1co/Sony-PMCA-RE hack] using [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8M4hR9HiOzM this] }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α6000 a6000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 24MP APS-C sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α7 A7S a7r a7c 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 mirror less - more compact }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α77 II, α99 II, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2015 24.3 MP,  2016 42.4mp   }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony rx100 mk IV V 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2015 2016 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony RX0 RX zero, RX0 II
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2015 2017 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α6500 a6500 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 24.2MP APS-C sensor 4K }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α7 Alpha 7 II E-mount interchangeable lens mirrorless camera 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2017 24.2mp,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α7 A7Sii a7r a7c 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 mirror less - more compact }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony a7 III α77 ILCE7M3/B Full-Frame Mirrorless Interchangeable-Lens Camera
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 24.2mp,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony ZV-1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 24mm optical zoom, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony ZV-1F
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 entry-level vlogging, 1-inch 20.1MP, ultra-wide 20mm f/2 prime lens}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}

&lt;pre &gt;
Lens Mounts

Canon EF EF-S
Nikon F 
Panasonic 
Olympus OM 
Pentax DA, FA, F, A, M, and K series
Fujifilm X mount 
&lt;/pre &gt;

&lt;pre &gt;
Sensors

APS-C 
S35 
Full Frame 
43 Four Thirds 
M43 MFT Micro four thirds 
&lt;/pre &gt;


=== Digital Voice Recorder Dictaphone Dictation Machine Handheld ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-7000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested 2011 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-7200
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|untested 2012 no usb }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-7500 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested 2012 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-7600 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested 2013 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus WS-100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-7700 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-8600 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-711PC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-712PC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-731PC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus WS-811
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested slide out usb-a - aaa battery - ok recordings }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-540PC Olympus VN-541PC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Philips DVT1250
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony ICD-UX470
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony ICD-UX560
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony ICD-UX570 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}


=== USB eBooks Readers drm free EPUB version 2.0.1 (2007), 3.0 (2011), 3.1 (2015) or [https://www.w3.org/TR/epub-33/ 3.3 (2024)] [https://github.com/thansen0/sample-epub-minimal epub examples] formats access ===

EPUB file format is an open standard based on XHTML for content and XML for metadata, contained in a zip file archive 

PDF v2.0 in 2017, 2009 takeover by ISO Org, 1.7 in 2006 , 1.6 in 2005, 1.4 in 2001, 1.3 in 1999, 1.0 in 1993 


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Access
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Barnes and Noble Nook Simple Touch NST BNRV300 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2080
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0003
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;when finding the right micro usb cable that works, internal nook memory not accessible but sd card fat32 readable and writable outside 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2011 6in 600x800 e-ink 16 grayscale .jpg}} battery remove sd card and Torx T5 back top for Cameron Sino CS-BNR003SL - USA 1.2.2 md5sum 351e26527e80156183e74be2da2ce89f *nook_1_2_update.zip - 1.2.1 UK fdba3981f7f221cc5143db6329645bc2 *nook_1_2_update.zip - skip registration, Turn on the device, but do NOT start setting it up. Hold down the top right button on the front of the device and slide your finger from left to right across the top of the E Ink screen. A ‘Factory’ button should appear in the top left corner of the screen. Press it. Once in the Factory menu, hold down the top right button on the front of the device and tap the bottom right corner of the screen should now see a ‘Skip Oobe’ button. Tap that and the Nook should finally load the home screen. Poor battery management - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Barnes and Noble Nook Simple Touch with Glowlight 
*2012 Nook Simple Touch with GlowLight BNRV350 
*2013 Nook GlowLight BNRV500
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2080
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0004 0x0007 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2012 untested }} perform a hard reset: Turn off the nook completely, turn it on, as soon as you see the screen flash begin holding the bottom page turn buttons until the screen flashes with a message asking reset, press the 'n' key twice to start the reset - Poor battery management - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nook Glowlight 4 Plus 7.8-inch screen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} Poor battery management - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
*NOOK 1st Edition (2009-2018) BNRZ100
*NOOK Color (2010-2024) BNRV200
*NOOK Tablet (8GB/16GB) (2011-2024) BNTV250A / BNTV250
*NOOK HD (2012-2024) BNTV400 
*NOOK HD+ (2012-2024) BNTV600 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elonex 511EB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;045e:ffff
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2009 untested Preferences-&gt;advanced-&gt;debug device detection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://jaforeck.wordpress.com/2012/08/05/ready-to-meet-viktor-navorski-gained-access-to-elonex-621ebs-terminal-52/ Elonex 621EB] eBook 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1f85
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1688
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;unlocked ootb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2010 untested usb mini charging 6&quot; diagonal eInk Screen - 800 x 600 pixels, 8 Level 166dpi Paperlike screen, Embedded 1GB Flash NAND, full SD Card Slot up to 16GB - WAV, MP3, JPG, PNG, BMP, GIF support and ePub and PDF(with reflow) (TXT, HTML) support}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elonex 700eb 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2011 untested adjust screen blanking by menu then settings then device standby, you can then turn it off}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iRiver Story HD eBook 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} freescale imx.508 arm mcimx508cvkbb cpu with 2gb samsung nand, m13892aj charging chip, eb07_main_mp1_110321 mobo, mini usb, atheros ar61026 wifi - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iRiver Story 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kobo Rakuten Touch A/B	kobo3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kobo Touch C, Kobo Mini, Kobo Glo N613, Kobo Aura HD N514 N204	kobo4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kobo Aura, Kobo Aura H2O, kobo5
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2013 6in untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kobo Aura H2O Edition 2 v1, Kobo Glo HD, Kobo Touch 2.0, Kobo Aura ONE N709, Kobo Aura ONE Limited Edition, Kobo Aura Edition 2 v1 N236,	kobo6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kobo Aura H2O Edition 2 v2, Kobo Aura Edition 2 v2, Kobo Nia, Kobo Clara HD, Kobo Forma, Kobo Libra H2O	kobo7
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kobo Elipsa, Kobo Sage	kobo8
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
*Kobo Libra 2  kobo9, Kobo Clara 2E	kobo10, Kobo Elipsa 2E	kobo11
*Kobo Libra Colour	kobo13, Kobo Clara BW, Kobo Clara Colour	kobo12
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pandigital Personal eReader aka? Papyre 6.2 very similar to BQ Avant Firmware
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PRS 300 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PRS 350 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2009 epub bbeb cbz untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PRS-650
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle K1 D00111 - Main Menu=: Settings: Menu=: Device Info shows S/N 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0002
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;256mb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2007 untested Marvell Xscale PXA255}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle K2, D00511 170-1012-00, D00701 D00801 S11S01B  
* k2 means K2 US
* k2i means K2 GW
* dx means KDX US
* dxi means KDX GW
* dxg means KDX Graphite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0003
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;2gb unless jb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2010 untested Freescale i.MX31 }} the Kindle is a small computer running Linux 2.6 on an ARM processor
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMAZON Kindle D00901 3rd Gen with keyboard - Menu, Settings for S/N and then Menu again to choose Update 
* S/N starts B006 means k3g aka K3 3G US 
* S/N starts B008 means k3w aka K3 WiFi 
* S/N starts B00A means k3gb aka K3 3G UK EU 
 - debug mode with ;debugON and ~help
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0004
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;{{yes|4Gb internal no access until jailbroken JB}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 with mobi and azw3 formats only - micro usb 5v 0.85a - freescale i.mx35 ARM soc with 12bit parallel interface with epson e-ink cpu, 256MB synchronous dynamic RAM, 4GB eMMC internal memory only but no sd slot, MC13892 PMIC - atheros wifi 54mbit pci-e a e keyed wifi - ?? later models wm96103 audio codec - display has 2Mbit serial memory ic on ribbon cable with 4bpp inverse grayscale display not touchscreen - 3g module - screen replacement really annoying - 4 test points near T07 = TX RX GND ? - as of 2025, JB v0.13.N, MKK2014, MKK2025, KUAL, KoReader Legacy2025, and maybe later SS v0.47.N, Python 0.14.N, Fonts v5.16.N, USBNet v0.57.N - USB-downloader mode when Vol+ is pressed during startup - Shift + Alt + M for Minesweeper - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon Kindle 4th Generation k4 D01100 two buttons, square movement and two buttons at bottom 
*B00E 
plastic back clipped in [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LV1dyNkjjro many places] and strongly taped down to battery cover 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0005
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;2gb unless jb with USB MS, USBMS aka also known as USB MSC or UMS
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 once back off use Torx T5 to remove battery cover screws - battery glued down S2011-001-A 515-1058-01 DR-A015 MC-265360 - Freescale i.MX508 SOC, 2Gb eMMC storage, 256MiB of LPDDR1, MC13892 PMIC - vendor modified u-boot imximage based on u-boot v2009.08 - USB-downloader mode press the fiveway down button during startup resetmykindle - as of 2025 upgrade firmware from 4.1.x and to 4.1.4, sign into account and copy jb.1.8 bits, mkk-2014, mkk-2025, kual and then uninstall kual, koreader2025 - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle Touch WiFi (Kindle 5th Gen) D01200 K5, KT
*Once signed into an Amazon Account get S/N under Settings -&gt; Device Options
*B00F 	Kindle Touch 3G + WiFi (Kindle 5) (U.S. and Canada) [Mostly]
*B011 	Kindle Touch WiFi (Kindle 5)
*B010 	Kindle Touch 3G + WiFi (Kindle 5) (Europe) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0006
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;4gb unless jb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 touchscreen i.MX508 SOC, 256MiB of LPDDR1 and USB-downloader mode by the SOC microcode when a specific key is pressed during startup: the home button on model D01200 - update firmware 5.3.2 to 5.3.7.3, access account, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle PaperWhite 3G + WiFi (U.S.) [Mostly] PW 
&lt;pre&gt;
B024 	Kindle PaperWhite WiFi 
B01B 	Kindle PaperWhite 3G + WiFi (U.S.) [Mostly]
B020 	Kindle PaperWhite 3G + WiFi (Brazil) 
B01C 	Kindle PaperWhite 3G + WiFi (Canada)
B01D 	Kindle PaperWhite 3G + WiFi (Europe)
B01F 	Kindle PaperWhite 3G + WiFi (Japan)
&lt;/pre&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0007
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;2gb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 Freescale i.MX508 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0008
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;2gb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle PaperWhite 2 (2013) PW2 
*B0D4, 90D4 WiFi (U.S., Intl.) 
*B05A, 905A WiFi (Japan)
*B0D5, 90D5 3G + WiFi (U.S.) [Mostly]
*B0D6, 90D6 3G + WiFi (Canada] 
*B0D7, 90D7 3G + WiFi (Europe)
*B0D8, 90D8 3G + WiFi (Russia)
*B0F2, 90F2 3G + WiFi (Japan)
*B017, 9017 WiFi (4GB) (U.S., Intl.)
*B060, 9060 3G + WiFi (4GB) (Europe)
*B062, 9062 3G + WiFi (4GB) (U.S.) [Mostly]
*B05F, 905F 3G + WiFi (4GB) (Canada)
*B061, 9061 3G + WiFi (4GB) (Brazil) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0009
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;2gb or 4gb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| PW2 uses Freescale/NXP i.MX6 SoloLite  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle Paperwhite 3 PW3 i.e. Kindle 7th gen 
*G090G1 (2015) WiFi 
*G090G2 (2015) 3G + WiFi (U.S.) [Mostly] 
*G090G4 (2015) 3G + WiFi (Mexico)
*G090G5 (2015) 3G + WiFi (Europe, Australia) 
*G090G6 (2015) 3G + WiFi (Canada)
*G090G7 (2015) 3G + WiFi (Japan) 
*G090KB (2015) WiFi 
*G090KC (2015) 3G + WiFi (Japan) 
*G090KE (2016) 3G + WiFi (International) White 
*G090KF (2016) 3G + WiFi (International) White 
*G090LK (2016) WiFi, 32GB (Japan) 
*G090LL (2016) WiFi, 32GB (Japan) White 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x000A
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;4gb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| ease up glued down front bezel rim panel gently, remove 11 screws underneath and lift screen up from bottom end - battery underneath -  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle PaperWhite 4 (2018) PW4
*G000PP, G8S0PP WiFi, 8GB
*G000T6, G8S0T6 WiFi, 32GB
*G000T1  WiFi+4G, 32GB
*G000T2  WiFi+4G, 32GB (Europe)
*G00102  WiFi, 8GB (India)
*G000T3  WiFi+4G, 32GB (Japan)
*G0016T, G8S16T WiFi, 8GB Twilight Blue
*G0016Q, G8S16Q WiFi, 32GB Twilight Blue
*G0016U  WiFi, 8GB Plum
*G0016V, G8S16V WiFi, 8GB Sage 
*G00103  WiFi, 32GB (India) 
*G0016R  WiFi, 32GB Plum
*G0016S  WiFi, 32GB Sage 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x000B
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;8gb or 32gb
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| Freescale/NXP i.MX6 SoloLite }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle Oasis 2 and 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;8gb or 32gb
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| NXP i.MX7D  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle Paperwhite 5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;8gb or 16gb
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| MediaTek MT8110  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle 11 Scribe 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;8gb or 16gb
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| MediaTek MT8113 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle Paperwhite 6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;16gb or 32gb
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle Paperwhite Gen 11 and 12 - Signature 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;16Gb or 32Gb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 account not blocked,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/Modos-Labs Modos Labs] open source e-ink 60Hz 75Hz caster controller and glider monitor 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xteink X3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.xteink.com Xteink X4] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 4.3in 220ppi no touchscreen so [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R7RuokaVauo buttons navigation] - 650mAh battery - micro-sd slot up to 512Gb covering epub, txt, and jpg in directories with [https://github.com/crosspoint-reader crosspoint reader] esp32 cpu custom rom firmware using [https://xteink.dve.al/ Flash website] on usb-c but no ecosystem store 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Access
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon D01400 Kindle Fire (1st Generation) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2010 too old }} android 2.3 and touchscreen digitizer fails often, battery SWE P/N 1002000004742 Model KC1 (EU) QP01 (US) 16.28whr, ti 257epl9l omap 4430 with elpida 88164b3pf-10-f88164b3pf or hynix,  mobo ??,, DAOKC1MB8F0 Rev F, ti aic3110 audio codec, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon Fire 7in X43260 X43Z60 2nd Gen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 untested FireOS Android 4 omap 4460 and PowerVR SGX540}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon Kindle Fire HD (3rd Gen) P48WVB4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon 
*Amazon Fire HD10 (2015) 
*Amazon Fire HD8 (2015)	
*Amazon Fire HD7 (2015)	(5th Generation) 7 inch 8GB SV98LN 
*Amazon Fire HD7 (2014)	
*Amazon Fire HD6 (2014) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|untested android 5.1 max}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
*Amazon Fire 10 (2017) 
*Amazon Fire 8 (2017) 7th Gen 8 inch SX034OT 
*Amazon Fire 7 (2017) (7th Generation) 7 inch 16GB (SR043KL) 
*Amazon Kindle Fire 7 (7th Generation) 7 inch 8GB WIFI Tablet (SR043KL) 
*Amazon Fire HD8 (2016)	
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| Android 5.1 max 7in screen resolution of 1024 x 600, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
*Amazon Fire 10/10+ (2021) 
*Amazon Fire 8/8+ (2020) 
*Amazon Fire 10 (2019) 
*Amazon Fire 7 (2019) 
*Amazon Kindle Fire 7 9th Gen 16GB M8S26G 
*Amazon Fire 8 (2018) 8th Gen 8 inch 32GB L5S83A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| android 9 max}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon 
*Amazon Fire HD 10 (2023)	
*Amazon Fire Max 11 (2023)	
*Amazon Fire 8 (2022)	
*Amazon Fire 7 (2022)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| android 11 max}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon Kindle Scribe 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Minimal Phone, Mudita Kompakt 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| eink }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bigme B751C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2022 android untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bigme B7 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bigme B6
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 android based color eink small - 300dpi b/w 150ppi color -}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bigme 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| e-ink }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bigme Hibreak Pro, Hisense A9
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| e-ink}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iFlyTech AINote 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iFlyTech AINote 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meebook 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Page Palma 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 android untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Leaf3C
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Go Color 7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 untested 7in e-ink e-reader android tablet }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx BooxTab Ultra X C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Note Max Air4 C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Leaf5C
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Poke6S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Go 10.3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox MC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| color e-ink 13.3in }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Go 10.3 (Gen 2) Lumi 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 b/w eink with front light, no EMR annd capacitance pen,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Moaan Pantone 6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;reMarkable 1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2021 untested but subscriptions needed for some features }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;reMarkable 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 untested but subscriptions needed for some features }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;reMarkable Paper Pro Move 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 untested but subscriptions needed for some features }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;reMarkable 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 untested but subscriptions needed for some features}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;reMarkable 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Supernote A5 X2 Manta
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Supernote A6 X2 Nomad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Supernote 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tolino Vision 2 3 4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tolino Epos2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Viwoods AI Paper and AI Paper Mini 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


==printer.class==

As the only printer driver that AROS supports natively is Postscript, our focus is on applications that generally output postscript formatted data for printing purposes. 
There has been an attempt at recent AirPrint support 

*Inkjet 


*Laser 


Start simple and then test every higher level...

* can if you ping your printer (the IP addy is good)?
* set up LPR/IPP to talk to that known good IP address.
* see if you can copy a few words of plain ASCII text to the IPP/LPR device (do you have a connection)?
* see if you can find a simple postscript file and then copy it to the IPP/LPR device.
* see if you can set up to print directly to the IPP/LPR device (set &quot;Output file&quot; to PRT: or LPR:).
* see if you can set up a PS printer config to the IPP/LPR device.
* go back and try the tests with the other driver (LPR or IPP).


See [http://www.irseesoft.de/tp_drive7.htm here] for compatibility with TP7 (TurboPrint 7) Last update 2004. Not tested under emulation. Janus-UAE, Emumiga, Amiberry etc 


usbparallel.device

untested with USB-&gt;Centronics - The printer.class is rather 'clever'. It remembers to which unit the printers were connected (until you reboot). So if you first plug in Printer1, it gets unit 0, and Printer2 gets unit 1. If you now remove both printers and replug Printer2, it still will get unit 1 and not 0. This is used not to confuse the programs using the different units (moreover, if some program uses the usbparallel.device unit of an USB printer, and the printer is unplugged, the device unit cannot be freed immediately as the application still keeps it open). 


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Beige cream D shape centronics end (Prolific chipset?) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Belkin F5U002v1 centronics end (chipset?) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Belkin F5U002VEA v2 centronics end (Prolific PL2305L chipset) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| DYNAMODE USB-C-PP-1284 USB to 36pin (Prolific 2305 chipset) 
| 0x067b
| 0x2305
| 0x02
| {{N/A|untested but similar to BAFO below}}
|-
| IOGear GUC1284B 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| My-Link (raised ellipse on centronics plastic end) (unknown chipset) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested but more expensive }}
|-
| NEWLink (Prolific chipset?) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Targus PA096E centronics end (chipset?) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| TRENDnet ware TU-P1284
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| True PnP (Prolific chipset 2305) cheap 36pin Centronics (series of ridges along both short sides) 
| 0x067b
| 0x2305
| 2.00
| {{N/A|untested on BAFO BF-1284 but reports of poor quality and lack of support on other OSs }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| Transparent See Through Blue 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested but possible poor quality build }}
|-
| Dynamode USB-PARALLEL 25pin female (prolific) 
| 0x067b
| 0x2305 
| 0x02 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| FDL USB to 25pin 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| PlusKom USB to 25pin female connector for printer (IEEE 1284) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| QinHeng Electronics (CH340S chipset) 
| 0x1a86
| 0x7584
| 
| {{N/A|untested curvy sides - flat top }}
|-
| StarTech 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Syba SD-USB-DB25 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}


Postscript interpreters (eg ghostscript) have been developed as a cheaper option which sit in between postscript data streams and non postscript printers.

Ghostscript has internal printer drivers

 gs -h

and with something like

 gs -sDEVICE=stcolor -r300 -sOutputFile=RAM:tempfile gs813:examples/tiger.ps
 copytopar ram:tempfile

It checks if in RAM: exists a outputfile (Cinnamon can export to PS postscript) then it sends this via copytopar to the printer. There was only support for parport (parallel) but Terminillis added support for USB and ethernet. A big issue with using ghostscript for drivers is that data has to originate as postscript (.PS) file.

 gs -dSAFER -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -sDEVICE=ljet4 -sOutputFile=RAM:tempfile RAM:file.pdf

the ljet4 output device generates PCL

also the pxlmono driver, which generates more generic PXL (PCL 6)

 gs -q -sstdout=%stderr -sDEVICE=pswrite -sOutputFile=- -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -dPARANOIDSAFER testpage-a4.ps &gt; test.pdf

 gs -q -sstdout=%stderr -sDEVICE=pxlmono -sOutputFile=- -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -dPARANOIDSAFER test.pdf &gt; test.pxl


Printers supported by ghostscript...Explanation [http://freebooks.by.ru/view/RedHatLinux6Unleashed/rhl6u151.htm here] or [http://www.gnu.org/software/ghostscript/devices.html here] and [http://pages.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/doc/printer.htm here]

&lt;pre&gt;
bit            cljet5          ljet4d          pjxl300         pxlcolor
bitcmyk        cljet5c         ljetplus        pkm             pxlmono
bitrgb         deskjet         nullpage        pkmraw          stp
bj10e          djet500         pbm             pksm            tiff12nc
bj200          epswrite        pbmraw          pksmraw         tiff24nc
bjc600         faxg3           pcx16           png16           tiffcrle
bjc800         faxg32d         pcx24b          png16m          tiffg3
bmp16          faxg4           pcx256          png256          tiffg32d
bmp16m         ijs             pcxcmyk         pnggray         tiffg4
bmp256         jpeg            pcxgray         pngmono         tifflzw
bmp32b         jpeggray        pcxmono         pnm             tiffpack
bmpgray        laserjet        pdfwrite        pnmraw          uniprint
bmpmono        lj5gray         pgm             ppm             x11
bmpsep1        lj5mono         pgmraw          ppmraw          x11alpha
bmpsep8        ljet2p          pgnm            psgray          x11cmyk
cdeskjet       ljet3           pgnmraw         psmono          x11gray2
cdj550         ljet3d          pj              psrgb           x11gray4
cdjcolor       ljet4           pjxl            pswrite         x11mono
cdjmono
&lt;/pre&gt;


==rawwrap.class - some old flatbed scanners supported==

Scandal is the MUI frontend to [http://www.ppa.pl/bugtracker/ Betascan Bugtracker] and [http://aminet.net/search?query=betascan Search for Betascan scanner drivers] derived from [http://www.sane-project.org/sane-backends.html sane backends] 


[http://www.sane-project.org/sane-backends.html#S-EPSON2 Epson2] 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Expression 1600 1640XL 1680 10000XL
| 0x04b8
| 0x0107 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Prefection 1200U, 1200 Photo, 
| 0x04b8
| 0x0104
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Perfection 1240U
| 0x04b8
| 0x010b
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{[https://amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?topic_id=45760&amp;forum=25 works]|Needs 24V 0.8A psu but in Trident, click on &quot;Classes&quot;, then on &quot;rawwrap.class&quot;, then on &quot;Configure&quot;. There, under &quot;Global&quot;, activate the Option &quot;Bind to Vendor/Unknown Interfaces&quot;. Now go to the second tab &quot;Default Interface&quot; and select/enter these values: 
Default usbraw.device Unit: 0
Exclusive access: Yes
Out NAK Timeout: 20000ms
In NAK Timeout: 20000ms
In Buffer Mode: No buffering
Buffer Size: 36 KB
Short Reads Terminate: Yes
Now click on &quot;Use as Default&quot; and select &quot;Devices&quot; on the left. There, click on your scanner and click on &quot;Class Scan&quot;. Now close Trident by clicking on &quot;Save&quot;. }}
|-
| Perfection 1640SU Photo
| 0x04b8
| 0x010a
| 0x0104
| {{yes|works, even the transparency unit}}
|-
| Perfection 1650 Photo, 1660 Photo, 3200 Photo
| 0x04b8
| 0x011c
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Perfection 2400 Photo, 2450 Photo 
| 0x04b8
| 0x011b 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Perfection 4870 Photo, 4990 Photo, 
| 0x04b8
| 0x0128
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Perfection V700 V750 Photo
| 0x04b8
| 0x012c
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Stylus CX2800 2900 3200 3500 3600 3650 3700 3800 3900

Stylus CX4100 4200 3500 4600 4700 4800 4900 500 5100 5200 5300 5400 5900
| 0x04b8 
| 0x0802 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Stylus Office BX300F USB 
| 0x04b8
| 0x0848
| 
| {{yes| works with good scan quality}}
|-
|}


[http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/ gt68xx] scanners based on the Grandtech GT-6801 and GT-6816 &quot;System-On-Chip&quot; scanner chipsets 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Artec Ultima 2000 and e+, Trust Flat Scan USB 19200 (ePlus2k.usb / Gt680xfw.usb) 
| 0x05d8
| 0x4002
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Genius Colorpage Vivid3x 4x 1200x
| 0x0458
| 0x2011 to 0x201f
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  (ccd548.fw)}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lexmark	X70	also X73 [http://subfusion.net/drivers/oslo3071b2.usb OSLO3071b2.usb]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x043d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x002d
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Medion/Lifetec/Tevion/Cytron MD/LT 9375 and Artec Ultima 2000, MD LT 9385 Gt680xfw.usb 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x05d8
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x4002
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| BearPaw 2448 CS and TA Plus [http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/firmware/A2Nfw.usb A2Nfw.usb]
| 0x055f
| 0x021a
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009  }}
|-
| Mustek BearPaw 1200 CS 
| 0x055f
| 0x021e
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  ([http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/firmware/A1fw.usb A1fw.usb])}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mustek 1200 CU Plus Scanner [http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend PS1Dfw.usb / SBSfw.usb]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2000 }}
|-
| Mustek ScanExpress 1200 UB plus, Trust Compact Scan USB 19200, ScanMagic 1200 UB Plus
| 0x05d8
| 0x4002 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  ([http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/firmware/sbfw.usb sbfw.usb])}}
|-
| Mustek ScanExpress 1248 UB aka PC-World PC Line PCL-3000 
| 0x055f
| 0x021f
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| ([http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/firmware/SBSfw.usb SBSfw.usb])}}
|-
| Mustek BearPaw 2400CS TA aka Goodmans GSC 12/24
| 0x055f
| 0x0218
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| (Transparency adapter untested) }}
|-
| BearPaw 2400 CS aka TA Plus
| 0x055f
| 0x0219
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  (Transparency adapter) }}
|-
| Packard Bell Diamond 1200 Plus
| 0x055f
| 0x021c or 0x021b 
| 0x0
| {{yes|works - [http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/ firmware required] but slow usb 1.1 speed with poor quality output (scanner fault not scandal)}}
|-
| Packard Bell Diamond 2400 Plus aka BearPaw 2400 CU Plus [http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/ PS2Dfw2.usb firmware rename to PS2Dfw.usb]
| 0x055f
| 0x021d 
| 1.00
| {{yes|works slow usb 1.1 speed with ok quality output (scanner fault not scandal)}}
|-
| Plustek OpticPro 1248U
| 0x07B3
| 0x0400 0x0401
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| (ccd548.fw)}}
|-
| Plustek OpticSlim 2400
| 0x07b3
| 0x0422
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  (cis3R5B1.fw)}}
|-
| Visioneer OneTouch 7300
| 0x04a7
| 0x0444
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  (Cis3r5b1.fw)}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mustek ScanEpress 1200 UB (Plus) clone [http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/ use mustek_usb backend]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x055f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0006
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


Lexmark - needs testing
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Lexmark X1110 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Lexmark X1140
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Lexmark X1150 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Lexmark X1170 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Lexmark X1180 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Lexmark X1185
| 0x043d
| 0x007c
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Lexmark X12xx 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested in USB1.1, not fully tested in USB2.0}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Dell A920 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


HP - no driver
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| HP ScanJet 4100C
| 0x03f0 
| 0x0101
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| HP ScanJet 5200C
| 0x03f0 
| 0x0401
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| HP ScanJet 62X0C
| 0x03f0 
| 0x0201
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| HP ScanJet 63X0C
| 0x03f0 
| 0x0601
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| HP  
| 0x03f0
| 0x0102, 0x0105, 0x0205, 0x0305, 0x0405
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| HP
| 0x03f0
| 0x0705, 0x0805, 0x0901, 0x0a01
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| HP
| 0x03f0
| 0x1205, 0x1305, 0x2005, 0x2205
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


Plustek [http://www.sane-project.org/sane-backends.html#S-PLUSTEK LM983x] - no driver
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Plustek OticPro U12 UT12 UT16 U24 UT24
| 0x07B3
| 0x0010 to 0x0017
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| KYE/Genius Colorpage HR6-V2 HR6A HR7 HR7LE HR6X
| 0x0458
| 0x2008 to 0x2016 
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Hewlett-Packard ScanJet 2100C and 2200C
| 0x03F0
| 0x0505 and 0x0605
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Mustek BearPaw 1200 and 2400 
| 0x0400 	
| 0x1000 and 0x1001
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| UMAX 3400/3450 and 5400 	
| 0x1606
| 0x0050, 0x0060 and 0x0160 
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Epson Perfection 1250 and 1260
| 0x04B8
| 0x010f and 0x011d
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| CANON CanoScan N650/656U N1220U D660U N670/676U N1240U LIDE20 LIDE25 LIDE30
| 0x04A9
| 0x2206 to 0x2220
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


[http://snapscan.sourceforge.net/ SnapScan] - no driver
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Acer Benq 310U, 320U, 340U
| 0x4a5
| 0x0
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Acer Benq 620U, 620UT, 640U, 640UT
| 0x4a5
| 0x20
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Acer Benq 1240 3300 4300
| 0x4a5
| 0x020
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Agfa SnapScan e10 e20 e25 e26 e40 e42 e50 e52
| 0x06bd
| 0x20
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Epson Perfection 660
| 0x04b8
| 0x0114
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Epson Perfection 1270 1670
| 0x04b8
| 0x0
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Epson Perfection 2480 2580
| 0x04b8
| 0x0
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Epson Perfection 3490 3590
| 0x04b8
| 0x0
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Mitsubishi
| 0x0
| 0x0
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}

==hub.class (self-powered and external ac powered hubs)==

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Dynamode USB-H41 4 ports 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Belkin 4 Port 
| 
| 
| 
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| Conrad
| 
| 
| 
| {{yes|[http://www.a1k.org/forum/showthread.php?t=11432 works on a1k forum] }}
|-
| DLink DUB-H4 AC Adapter 
| 0x05e3
| 0x0608
| High 0200
| {{maybe|WARNING Genesys Logic Hub Broken - Will cause failures with USB}}
|-
| [http://service.targa.co.uk/faq.php?lang_id=2&amp;baseid=178&amp;artdesc=SilverCrest+USB+Hub+2040&amp;artid=760&amp;artpic=silvercrestHUB2040.jpg SilverCrest 4-port slim USB 2.0 HUB - HUB2040 (40775) - Targa GmbH]
| 0x05e3
| 0x0608
| 0901
| {{yes|works  Genesys Logic, Inc., [http://service.targa.co.uk/dokumente/USB_HUB_2040_0109_manual_EN.pdf Manual]}}
|-
| Skymaster
| 0x05e3
| 0x0605
| 060B
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| No Name active 4-port
| 0x1a40
| 0x0101
| 0111
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thinkpad USB 3.0 Dock DU9019D1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17e9
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x4302
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0014
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|works a bit}} classed as dfu.class with two further USB 2.0 hubs - USB 3.0 ports detected and work (2.0 backwards compatibility) - DisplayLink DL-3900 with VIA VL811 chipset - usb ethernet not working - two dvi not working - 20V psu 2a (40w) with a 5.5 - 2.5mm tip (no bus power) - data through a-b printer/scanner usb lead - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


==Internet==

===rndis.class USB Tethering ===

The rndis class provides support for Ethernet access over Remote NDIS. Most USB based devices should be supported including smartfones.

Before opening Network Prefs, activate USB Tethering on the Smartfon, on Network prefs, type in usbrndis.device and tick &quot;Start Network during system boot&quot; and saved the configuration, the Connection is immediate no reboot is needed.

When restart AROS my Smartphone deactivates the connection and to access the network again, have to reactivate it before starting the browser.

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alcatel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|untested}}
|- 
| Huawei U8800
| 0x12d1
| 0x1039
| 
| {{yes|works}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Huawei
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|untested}}
|- 
| HTC (Android phone)
| 0x0bb4
| 0x0ffe
| 
| {{Yes|any android phone with usb tethering option}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nokia 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|untested}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Oppo 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|untested}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung Galaxy 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|untested}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iPhone
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft winPhone
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


===USB &amp;rarr; ethernet lan adaptor===

*2002 playstation 2 usb1.1 era - a little support but very old and slow 
*2006 wii asix era - a little support but very much miss than hit 
*2026 usb0: or eth0: of CDC Ethernet protocol (cdcether) with Ethernet Control Model (ECM) and [https://www.usb.org/document-library/class-definitions-communication-devices-12 others like Wireless Mobile Communication Devices WMC] and later CDC EEM (Ethernet Emulation Model) and NCM (Network Control Model) are USB Communication Device Class (CDC) protocols packing more Ethernet traffic over every USB bundle. For CDC Ethernet - NCM is better than EEM is better than ECM 


* USB1.1 Up to 010 meg broadband (1.25MBytes/s) - ADM8511, DM9601 poor speeds 
* USB2.0 Up to 400 meg broadband (60MBytes/s) - MCS7830, AX88772 a little especially the 2010 apple version but buy many as very very poor odds of working one 
* USB3.0 Over 400 meg broadband (60+MBytes/s) - not supported at the moment 


SANA (Standard Amiga Network Architecture) to usb 

ADMtek Infineon ADM8511 Pegasus II (USB 1.1 and 10Mbit/s - Sony PlayStation 2 network adapter) 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| 3Com 3c460b 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2001 }}
|-
| Abocom UFE1000 / Abocom DSB650TX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Accton USB320-EC / Accton SpeedStream Ethernet
| 0x083a
| 0x0320
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{unk|2002 }}
|-
| AEI USB Fast Ethernet / Allied Telesyn AT-USB100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2002 }}
|-
| ATEN UC-110T
| 0x0557
| 0x4000
|
| {{unk|2001 }}
|-
| BAFO USB To Ethernet Adapter BF-310
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2001 }}
|-
| Belkin F5D5050 v1 1101 
| 0x050D
| 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{maybe|2002 sometimes works from old amiga.org post which is now removed}}
|-
| Belkin F5D5050 v2 2101
| 0x050D
| 0x0121
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{no|2006 does not works}} 
|-
| Belkin F5U122-PC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Billionton USB-100 / Billionton USBLP-100
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Billionton USBEL-100 / Billionton USBE-100
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Compex LinkPort/UE202A
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| D-Link DSB-H3ETX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| D-Link DSB-650 / D-Link DSB-650TX / D-Link DSB-650TX-PNA
| 0x2001
| 0x4000
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| D-Link DU-E10 / D-Link DU-E100
| 0x2001
| 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Edimax USB Ethernet Adapter EU-4201 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Elsa AG MicroLink USB2 Lan Ethernet adapter
| 0x05cc
| 0x3000
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.01
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| GetNet
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| GIGABYTE GN-BR402W Wireless Router
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Goodway Fellowes USB UE-120 REV:V1 UE120 ADMTek 1011594 HO2419741 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07a6
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0986
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0001
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|2001 USB Specification 1.1 compliant}} 
|-
| GWC Tech USB Ethernet Adapter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Hawking UF100
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| HP HN210E / I/O DATA USB ETTX / Kingston KNU101TX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Jinco USB Ethernet Adapter 10/100 Base-T UE-110
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Kouwell USB to Ethernet 588A
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Linksys USB10T / TA / TX
| 0x066b
| 0x2202
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|untested - possible peg1/peg2}}
|-
| Linksys (Cisco) USB100TX / H1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Logitec LAN-TX/U1 H2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| [http://www.mayflash.com/psps2/ps2024/ps2024.htm Mayflash PS2024] Playstation2 compatible clone of Proxim/Farallon NetLine?
| 0x07a6
| 0x8511
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.01
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|works with DHCP router option on old 32bit distros but not on newer 64bit, best to go asixeth apple 2010 but buy many of them as poor success rate i.e. a lottery}}
|-
| Netgear FA101
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Philips CPWUE01/00 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Planet UE-9500 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| PlayStation 2 SCPH-10000 50000 models 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Proxim (formerly Farallon) NetLine USB PN796-650
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Siemens SpeedStream USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| SOHOware NUB100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| SMC EZNET-USB 2202USB/ETH / SMC 2206USB/ETH
| 0x0707
| 0x0100 0x0200 0x0201
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{unk|untested but should work very well }}
|-
| Surecom EP-1427X 100/10M
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Target USB to 10/100M Fast Ethernet Converter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trendnet TU-ET100C
| 0x07a6
| 0x8511 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0
| {{yes| sometimes works well, very stable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Digitus USB NIC DN-3016-A 
| 0x07a6
| 0x8513
| 1.01
| {{unk|untested new chipset }}
|-
| Digitus lanusb ADM8515
| 0x07a6
| 0x8515
| 1.01
| {{unk|untested because new chipset }}
|-
| VE285 usblan ADMtek 8515 
| 0x07a6
| 0x8515
| 1.01
| {{no|not working as new chipset }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


Davicom DM9601 eth (USB 1.1 and up to 10Mbit/s) 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Davicom USB-100 see clone below 
| 0x0a46
| 0x9601
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2001 }}
|-
| [http://wiki.maemo.org/USB_to_ethernet_networking chinese translucent transparent crystal blue] but variants are also found in clear, white and black. Just over 6&amp;nbsp;cm long. 
| 0x0a46
| 0x9601
| 0x0
| {{yes|2002 success can be sporadic so technically okay, but lacking in reliability. Out of 4 tested by me, only 2 worked. One case cracked open. }}
|-
| Corega FEther USB-TXC
| 0x07aa
| 0x9601
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Dynamode USB-NIC-1427-100
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Hirose USB-100
| 0x0a47
| 0x9601
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| KY-RS9600
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|[http://www.amiga.org/forums/showpost.php?p=585358&amp;postcount=12 works] }}
|-
| ShanTou ST268 USB NIC
| 0x0a46
| 0x0268
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| ZT6688 USB NIC 
| 0x0a46
| 0x6688
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ICS Advent DM9601 USB 2.0 10/100M Ethenet Adaptor JP1081B 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0FE6
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x9700
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0101
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|not working 32bit and 64bit - USB 1.1 10M ethernet}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


MosChip MCS7830 (USB 2)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Digitus DN-10050
| 0x9710
| 0x7830
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2004 }}
|-
| Edimax [http://www.edimax.co.uk/images/Image/datasheet/USB/EU-4206/EU-4206.pdf EU-4206]
|
| 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2005 }}
|-
| Speed Dragon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| STLabs 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| StarTech Compact USB2105S [http://www.kustompcs.co.uk/acatalog/info_6790.html USB2106S]
| 0x9710
| 0x7830
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007 }}
|-
| Sunrich Technologies [http://www.st-lab.com/admin/upfile/UploadFile/manual/manual(u-250).zip U-250]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2006 }}
|-
| Syba 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MCS 7832 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2008 }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


* USB2 [https://www.asix.com.tw/en/product/USBEthernet Asix Ethernet] AX88178A, AX88772C, AX88772B, AX88772A (wii), AX88172A 
* USB3 AX88179A, AX88179  

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| AirLink101 AGIGAUSB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009  AX88172}}
|-
| ATEN UC210T 
| 0x0557
| 0x2009
| 0x
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| AX88172}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Billionton Systems USB2AR
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x08dd
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x90ff
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Buffalo LUA-U2-KTX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0411
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x003d
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;corega FEther USB2-TX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07aa
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0017
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no| }}
|-
| D-Link DUB-E100 up to rev A4
| 0x2001
| 0x1a00
| 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;D-Link DUB-E100 rev B1 onwards 
| 0x07d1 or 0x2001 
| 0x3c05
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|AX88172 works on Deneb with [http://amigax.com/2010/02/21/usb-ethernet-speed-test-amigaos-4-0-classic/ Amiga OS4 Classic] and [http://www.a1k.org/forum/showthread.php?t=11432 on a1k] }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;goodway corp USB gwusb2e
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1631
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x6200
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hawking UF200 
| 0x07b8
| 0x420a 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[Linksys USB200M] 
| 0x077b
| 0x2226
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|[http://www.amiga.org/forums/showpost.php?p=585601&amp;postcount=20 works] }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Netgear FA120 
| 0x0846 
| 0x1040
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested 2002 10/100 Rev.B1&quot; is silkscreened on the board of the device populating this entry (S/N: FA12254CB100409, date code 0508). This device may be manuf. by [http://www.cameo.com.tw/ Cameo] &quot;AX88172 L&quot;, &quot;F05040157&quot;, and &quot;ED3&quot; Chip1 ASIX AX88172  Chip2 Realtek RTL8201BL}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intellinet
| 0x0b95 
| 0x1720
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JVC MP-PRX1 Port Replicator
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x04f1
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3008
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ST Lab USB Ethernet
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1720
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sitecom LN-029 &quot;USB 2.0 10/100 Ethernet adapter&quot;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x6189
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x182d
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Surecom EP-1427X-2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1189
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0893
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TrendNet TU2-ET100 v2
| 0x07b8
| 0x420a 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|version 2}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;A-LINK NA1GU 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 88772}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AirLink101 ASOHOUSB Wii 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AirLive EtherWe-1000U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;APPLE AX88772 Model No. A1277 MC704LL/A P/N 825-7098-A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x05ac 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1402
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2008  usb2, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;APPLE Model No. A1277 (MB442Z/A 0885909217434) MC704ZM/A PN 825-7579-A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x05ac 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1402
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|2010 model, usb2 and controller AX88772 where prehaps 1in3 units working with owb - really poor odds i.e. a lottery, could be situation where various ethernet phy chipsets are used - press Use in network prefs after Save initial setup typing in usbasixeth.device, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ASIX AX88772 bulbous casing 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7720 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|2008 works on 32bit and 64bit though setup can take a few attempts but may have issues with phy ethernet chip changing,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Datel Wii Lan Adapter DUS0204 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EdiMax EU-4207 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Goodway HE2230 Maplin ASIX 88772 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intec LAN G5626 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;LevelOne USB-0202
| 0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x07720
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;LevelOne USB-0301
| 0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x07720
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Linksys USB200M Rev 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x13b1
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0018
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|2008 sparsely randomly working AX88772 or with &quot;Sana-II Meter Tool 37.11&quot; network monitoring program, showing continuous &quot;Bad Packet&quot; errors which could means &quot;CRC&quot; errors}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Linksys USB300M 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|2009 AX88772  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash W001 or clones Lupo/PEGA S-Wii-0680 light gray rectangular with third of one top 45 degree angled slope
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7720 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| may have randomly changed phy ethernet chips, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Max Value MVF00446 ASIN B006EG568A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7720 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|Trident prefs recognises as AX88772 sometimes works on 32bit and 64bit}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NEWLink N14050 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NEWLink Wii-ETH USB2.0
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nintendo Wii LAN Adaptor 2110566 and clones 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x07720
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|Poseidon recognises as AX88772 with usbasixeth.device sometimes works seems different ethernet phy chips can be matched affecting compatibility}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nyko Wii Net Connect 87024
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|[http://www.amiga.org/forums/showpost.php?p=585624&amp;postcount=22 works] }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;0Q0 cable ethernet
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1557
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7720
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Plugable USB2-E100 (2009/2010) Bulbous housing 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7720 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|Trident prefs recognises it as ax88772A and typing in usbasixeth.device sometimes works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sabrent KINAMAX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SpeedLink SL-3401-SGY 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TrendNet TU2-ET100 v3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UGreen 20254 USB2 to 10/100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| AX88772}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Afunta Apple-style White USB2.0 I/O Crest SY-ADA24005 ASIX Electronics Corp. AX88772A Fast Ethernet Adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x772a
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|usbasixeth.device accepted by network prefs but does not work}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon Basics USB 2.0 AX88772A
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Digitus DN-10050-1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x772a
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Edimax EU-4230  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x772a
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sabrent KINAMAX NT-USB20 AX88772A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; AX88772B USB 2.0 to 10/100M 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EdiMax EU-4208 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x772b
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Detected but not working}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech USB2100 ASIX AX88772C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.asix.com.tw/en/product/USBEthernet/High-Speed_USB_Ethernet/AX88772D AX88772D]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1790
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.asix.com.tw/en/product/USBEthernet/High-Speed_USB_Ethernet/AX88772E AX88772E]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AX88178 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2004 }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Plugable USB2-E1000 i.e. USB 2.0 to Gigabit Ethernet 10/100/1000 LAN 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 ASIX AX88178 Controller and Realtek RTL8211CL PHY}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AX88178A USB 2.0 to 10/100/1000M Gigabit Ethernet controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2005 }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AmazonBasics USB3.0 adapter [https://github.com/nothingstopsme/AX88179_178A_Linux_Driver AX88179] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cable Matters SuperSpeed USB 3.0 RJ45 adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hori Nintendo Switch 1 USB3 ethernet AX88179 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1790
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2017 AX88179 not binding to asixeth.class }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Plugable USB3-E1000  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1790
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2020 ASIX AX88179 not binding to class, USB 3.2 Gen1 to Gigabit Ethernet controller with integrated 10/100/1000Mbps Gigabit Ethernet PHY}}  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Plugable AX88179 = [https://plugable.com/products/usb3-e1000-deal USB3-E1000] before mid-2023 or USB3-E1000; AX88179A = USBC-E1000 after mid-2023
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022  controller is AX88179 phy is ??, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech USB31000SPTW ax88179 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1790
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no| AX88179 not binding to asixeth.class, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech USB31000NDS AX88179 USB-A
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech US1GC301AU AX88179 USB-c
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech US1GC30B2 AX88179A USB-c
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech USB32000SPT AX88179A USB-c Rev 1 (AX88179) Rev 2 (AX88179A) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;USB32000SPT the Lot code sticker will have a bar code accompanied by a 10 digit number. The 5th and 6th digits of this lot code number would signify the revision. (Ex. xxxx02xxxx which would indicate rev. 2)
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SYBA SY-ADA24029 Gigabit AX88179 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }} may depend on the PHY chip connected to the controller chipset
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TP-Link UE306 AX88179 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TeckNet® Orico UL677G 10/100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TeckNet® UL688G USB 3.0 10/100/1000 Base-T Ethernet port 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;AX88179 178A 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tecknet UL699G 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TrendNet TU2-ET100 v6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07b8
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|no support }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;uGreen 50922 USB3-A to 100/1000 dark grey rounded barrels 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no| ax88179 not binding to asixeth.class, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UGreen USB3-C to 100/1000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1790
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;uGreen CR111 20256 usb3 a black plastic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| AX88179}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;  AX88179A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Plugable USB3-E1000 USBC-E1000 after mid-2023 i.e. AX88179A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech USB31000SPTB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1790
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  AX88179A USB-A, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;  AX88179B
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


==USB  &amp;rarr; SerialPort Converter==

*2002 some support for early revisions of PL2303 
*2005 Prolific PL2303H PL-2303X and Pl-2303HX (same usb ids as pl2303) no support 
*2025 FTDI 232R [https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=1135&amp;highlight=232r&amp;rowstart=20 work in progress] 
*2026 CDC-ACM i.e. Serial port over USB standard 

serialpl2303.class make sure you specify serialpl2303.device or Echo &quot;Test&quot; &gt;SER1: 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| ATEN UC-232A 
| 0x0557 
| 0x2008 
| Full 0x0300
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| IOGear GUC232A 
| 0x0557  
| 0x2008 
| Full 0x0110
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Alcatel 
| 0x11f7 
| 0x02df 
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| BAFO BF-810 
| 0x067B  
| 0x2303 
| 0x0
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Belkin F5U103 
| 0x
| 0x
| 0x0
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Davibe SP611 
| 0x067B 
| 0x2303 
| 0x0 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Dcu10 
| 0x0731
| 0x0528
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Elcom 
| 0x056e
| 0x5003
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| IOData 
| 0x04bb 
| 0x0a03 
| 0x0
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Itegno 
| 0x0eba
| 0x1080
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Nokia CA42 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Radioshack 
| 0x1453
| 0x4026
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Ratoc 
| 0x0584
| 0xb000
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Samsung 
| 0x04e8
| 0x8001
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Siemens DCA-510 
| 0x067B 
| 0x2303 
| 0x0 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Sitecom CN104
| 0x6189
| 0x2068
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Sitecom CN116 
| 0x6189
| 0x2068
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Some Cut Ma620 
| 0x0df7
| 0x0620
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Speed Dragon Multimedia MS3303H 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Syntech 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tripp 
| 0x2478
| 0x2008
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Airlink101 AC-USBS
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Belkin F5U103v
| 0x067B  
| 0x2303 
| 0x0
| {{no|no driver }}
|- 
| Dynamode U232-P9
| 0x067B
| 0x2303
| 300
| {{no| no driver [http://koti.mbnet.fi/lonnberg/pl2303x.html linux patch] and using lsusb -v -d 067b:2303 gave bMaxPacketSize as 64 - pl2303x }}
|- 
| Konig CABLE-146/2 USB to RS232 
| 0x067b
| 0x2303
| 400
| {{no|no driver }}
|-
| MANHATTAN 205146 USB to Serial Converter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver }}
|- 
| Sabrent SBT-USC1M
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trendnet TU-59
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Unbranded black case and lead USB 232 Converter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x067B
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2303
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0300
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
|}


[http://www.ftdichip.com/index.html Future Technology Devices International Ltd FTDI]-FT232R.class [https://ftdichip.com/software-examples/code-examples/c-builder/ FTProg src], [http://rtr.ca/ft232r/ ft232r src], [https://ftdichip.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/DS_FT232R.pdf FT232R datasheet], [], 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0403
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x6001 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1GE-gKgHxZI beware of cheap clones fake with s/n A50285BI SN]
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lynx Astro FTDI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0403
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} FT232R 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sabrent CB-FTDI
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0403
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{no|no driver TTL-232R cables use FTDI's [http://n1mm.hamdocs.com/tiki-index.php?page=USB+Interface+Devices FT232RQ ic device] }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Startech.com 1 Port FTDI USB to Serial RS232 DB9M Adapter Cable with COM Retention ICUSB2321F 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0403
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} FT232RL Chipset
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech.com 2 Port FTDI USB to Serial RS232 Adapter Cable ICUSB2322F
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0403
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} FTDI FT2232D Chipset
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} FT232RL is the SSOP-28 and the FT232RQ is the QFN-32 package option 
|}


[https://www.onetransistor.eu/2017/08/ch341a-mini-programmer-schematic.html ch341a.class] 

*I2C EEPROMS (3.3V and 5V) compatible and also SPI FLASH memories (3.3V devices) making sure 1.8V is covered  
*each having their own [https://winraid.level1techs.com/t/guide-how-to-use-a-ch341a-spi-programmer-flasher-with-pictures/33041 4x2 connection blocks] using [https://github.com/flashrom/flashrom flashrom] 

 sudo flashrom --programmer ch341a_spi -r backup.bin
 sudo flashrom --programmer ch341a_spi -w &lt;new bios name&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Jiangsu QinHeng Ltd CH341A emulate UART communication, standard parallel port, memory parallel port and synchronous serial (I2C, SPI) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1A86
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x5512
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;QinHeng USB2.0-Serial HL-340 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1A86
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7523
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0252
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|}


==simplemidi.class and CAMD==

Currently support includes 

* simplemidi.class SimpleMidi maps some keyboard keys to corresponding computer keys as used by music trackers to emulate a musical keyboard 
* camdusbmidi.class follows the rules of the m68k implementation of Commodore's CAMD midi specification and usb class compliant 

for 

* usb host like a computer, pi, etc 
* usb device controllers - keyboards, drum machines, djay turntables, grooveboxes, etc 
* interfaces - cables or boxes which convert usb to 5pin DIN plug midi 


What is needed is a fully class-compliant '''brand name''' USB MIDI keyboard, especially manufactured in the last 15 years are best 

*Arturia
*Novation
*M-Audio
*Akai

Plugging this in one of your USB ports, the camd.library will make the keyboard's MIDI IN/OUT ports available in the system. 

Then select the keyboard's MIDI IN port (known as a &quot;cluster&quot; in CAMD) for input, and the software instrument's cluster as output 


ShowCluster (shows midi ports available in and out)

MidiWatch (usually port usbmidi.in.0 less often usbmidi.out.0) (Ctrl-C to end output stream) 
 usbmidi.in.0 Message on channel 01, NoteOn  90  39  08  00
 usbmidi.in.0 Message on channel 01, NoteOff 80  39  00  00

MidiThru (forwards messages from one port to another)
 run &gt;nil: c:midithru usbmidi.out.0 usbmidi.out.2 

MidiSendC (sends a middle C to a specific port)


Midi Controller + Sound Module (together aka as a synth) -&gt; Audio Output 


The difference between midi and midi over USB is that in old school Midi the transmitter transmits whenever it wants and the receiver always has to be prepared to receive data. Easy to do at the rate of a 1990's modem speed these days.

USB over midi.. turns midi into a polled protocol.. So the USB host (typically the computer) has to ask &quot;do you have anything for me&quot; before the remote will send. If the USB host gets busy doing other things or there is a lot of things on the USB bus to get polled, you can get delays.

For its age midi is still a great protocol for music

* [https://www.usb.org/sites/default/files/midi10.pdf USBIF's &quot;USB Device Class Definition for MIDI Devices&quot; document, version 1.0 from Nov 1, 1999]
* [https://www.usb.org/sites/default/files/USB%20MIDI%20v2_0.pdf MIDI v2.0 from 2020 which AROS still needs, adds support for MIDI 2.0, MIDI-CI, and Universal MIDI Packet] 

Nearly all synthesizers now use the 16 MIDI channels available on a MIDI bus in one instrument alone, requiring multiple MIDI busses in a typical setup with more than
one MIDI instrument. In addition, by handling multiple &quot;virtual&quot; cables, USB offers a solution to go beyond MIDI's 16-channel limit. 

MIDI data is transferred over USB using 32-bit USB-MIDI Event Packets. These packets provide an efficient method to transfer multiple MIDI streams with fixed length messages. The 32-bit USB-MIDI Event Packet allows multiple &quot;virtual MIDI cables&quot; routed over the same USB endpoint. This approach minimizes the number of required endpoints. It also makes parsing MIDI events easier by packetizing the separate bytes of a MIDI event into one parsed USB-MIDI event. 


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;25%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |CAMD
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Computer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|which acts as USB midi host to get all usb devices talking together}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hobbytronics usb host standalone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;bomebox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://neuma.studio/rpi-as-midi-host/ raspberry pi] with several midi interface(s) and linux scripting 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kenton MIDI USB Host mk3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;25%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |CAMD
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acorn Instruments Masterkey 49 device 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 untested usb powered 5V regulated - similar keybed to keystation 49es but unplug then re-plug the USB cable while it is powered the device might reconnect 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai SynthStation 25 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 - sticky rubber keys - usb 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai MPK Mini Laptop Production Keyboard 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x09e8
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x007c
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected and camd usb to use, not tested with apps}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 25 mini key self powered by mini USB lead - sustain port - no top left corner joystick - tested icaros 2.3 -  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai LPK25 LPK37 LPK49 Laptop Production Keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 untested velocity sensitive mini keys with synth action - weak mini USB port - latency issues -  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Professional APC Key 25 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai MPK49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 untested 49 key 49-key full-sized, semi-weighted keyboard with aftertouch - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AKAI Max25 MAX49 control keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Professional MPK249 MPK261 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 USB2 USB-b - full keys semi-weighted aftertouch - midi in out - sustain and peddle port 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Professional Advance 49
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai MPK Mini MKII MK2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 untested USB2 USB-b midi connection only - 4 way thumb joystick top left - 25 tiny keys - velocity drum pads - plastic build quality - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AKAI Professional APC Key 25 MK2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai MPK Mini Play
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 untested USB2 USB-b midi connection only - synth basic samples - class compliant? - small led display top centre - 25 mini keys - press and hold the &quot;Prog Select&quot; button then use the &quot;Program&quot; knob to assign a MIDI channel - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai MPK Mini 3 MKIII MK3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x09E8
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1049 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected audio class and bindings with camdusbmidi.class -  - midi in out untested - }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 USB2 USB-b midi controller connection no 5pin legacy - small led display top centre - 25 mini keys goofy uneven feel of the akai keyboards - press and hold the &quot;Prog Select&quot; button and press pad 1 to 8 to assign a MIDI channel - tested on AROS One 2.4 usb
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Force / MPC One 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Pro MPK Mini Plus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 untested 37 mini keys - class compliant device - usb-b bus powered only with 5pin midi in and out - Shift and Global for Midi Ch - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Pro Ableton Push Mk 1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Professional MPC Key 37 49 61 midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 untested USB2 usb-b
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Photon PH-25 X25 Midi &amp; USB keyboard/synth
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 midi keyboard controller  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Q25 Q49 Q61 Q88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Coda Pro Portable 88-Key Digital Piano USB MIDI Keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis V25 V49 V61 midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis V Mini 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis VI49 VI61 midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis VX49 VX61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 1 5-pin MIDI input, 1 5-pin MIDI output, 1 USB port,
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Q25 Q49 Q61 Mk2 MKII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Recital 88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis V25 V49 V61 MK2 MKII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Qmini portable 32-key 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;audiothingies MicroMonsta 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 untested synth - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;audiothingies MicroMonsta 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019  synth - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia Analog Experience “The Player” USB MIDI Master Keyboard Model APE25
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 usb-b bus powered - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniLab Mk1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe class complaint 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniLab MkII Mk2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe class complaint 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia Keystep 32 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 untested 32 mini keys  usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia KeyLab 61 88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 untested hammer-action Fatar keybed - reset Press and hold Oct + and Oct – buttons then insert the USB cable - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniLab mkII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2209 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected audio class and bindings with camdusbmidi.class -  - midi in out untested - }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 USB2 usb-b bus power - metal base heavier than most - Shift and press a key to select the MIDI Channel - To reset to original factory, unplug the USB cable, hold down the Oct- and Oct + buttons, plug the USB cable back in and continue to hold the buttons until the pads turn white - need software to change parameters like velocity sensitive assistance - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia KeyLab MK2 MKII 61 88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 untested hammer-action Fatar keybed 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MicroFreak
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 hybrid digital/analog synthesis, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PeYIAfn3UMs Arturia Minilab 3] [https://www.youtube.com/shorts/chj1WgMupGw ] [https://www.youtube.com/shorts/FMVdfhzg1Dw ]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 untested usb-c bus powered - 25 mini keys semi - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia Keystep Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniLab 3 Mk3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe class complaint 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniFreak
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia KeyLab Essential 49 61 88 mk3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 untested usb-c and 1 midi out - lack of aftertouch - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia AstroLab 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia KeyLab MK3 MKIII 61 88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 untested hammer-action Fatar keybed 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer UMX61
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-Control UMX490 UMX610 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-Control 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Swing 32-Key
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer MOTOR 49 - 49-Key USB/MIDI Master Controller Keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative EMU Xboard 25 E-MU X-Board 49 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CME M-Key Mkey 49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 stops sending MIDI on a regular basis. The simplest &quot;fix&quot; is to flip it off and on via the power switch at the back
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CME Ukey U-Key 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CME Xkey 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 low-profile aluminium  full size pressure sensitive with polyphonic aftertouch but keys make too much noise and that they can be too sensitive to velocity - low power draw 25ma 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CME M-Key 49 V2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 simplified version of the U-key Mobiltone 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CME XKEY AIR 37
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;cme xkey 37 le
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{ | }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Donner Spaceline DMK-25 Donnerdeal Rantion 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Donner DMK25 PRO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  25 mini velocity keys with limited aftertouch - usb-c powered - 8 drum pads - 3.5mm &quot;midi out&quot; socket - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{ | }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elektron Digitakt 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 expensive later midi usb class compliant with since 1.5 Update
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elecktron Digitone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elektron Digitone Keys 37-key Digital FM Synthesizer
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 expensive 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elektron Analog Four MKII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elektron Octatrak MKII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{ | }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI keycontrol 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI keycontrol 49+ 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI keycontrol 25xt
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2702 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2702
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected and usb driver working}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 bus powered or 12v 0.5a dc in - metal base so heavy - midi out 5pin - sustain pedal port - modulation slider - rubber coated knobs becomes sticky - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI keycontrol 49xt 61xt 88xt 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2702
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 12v 0.5a center pin +ve external psu required - USB i/o and 1 legacy 5pin out - full sized keys - heavy aluminium case keyboard metal base - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Evolution MK-125 MK-149
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 9v 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Evolution MK-225C MK-249C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 9v 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Evolution USB/Midi Controller MK-425C MK-449C MK-461C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|25, 49, 61 keys -  }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006  9V or 12V - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IK Multimedia iRig Keys Pro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 37 full keys 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IK Multimedia iRig Keys Pro Mobile
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 25 or 37 mini keys 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IK Multimedia iRig Keys 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 mini velocity keys no aftertouch - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IK Multimedia iRig Keys 2 PRO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 full velocity keys no aftertouch - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IK Multimedia iRig Keys 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kawai VPC 1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; weighted keys - heavy build - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keith McMillen Instruments K-Board
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; omni class compliant to all channels? each keypad makes them velocity, pressure, and location sensitive but  not really suited for piano playing 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keith McMillen  BopPad
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; omni class compliant to all channels? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg NanoKontrol 1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;mini usb
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg Prophecy 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;KORG microKONTROL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg microKEY 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 velocity-sensitive Natural Touch keys but  joystick is an alternative to the common pitch/modulation wheel design - power draw - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg nanoKey nanoPad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg Taktile 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg microKEY2 25 37 49 61 USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|2015 untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 USB powered - semi weighted - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg MiniList 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg MinKey nanoPad nanoPad 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg Nautilus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kurzweil PC3 7 series - Artis 7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;fatar TP-8 semi-weighted action  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kurzweil PC1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kurzweil PC3 A8
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Line 6 Mobile keys 25
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Line 6 POD Studio KB37 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Line 6 Tone Port KB37 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Midiman (later M-Audio) Oxygen8 Ozone Ozonic 25 32 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no|not class compliant - untested 5pin legacy }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 2004 - 25 full keys - slider/fader to left of lcd display - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;m-audio oxygen keystation (61 key) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio eKeys 37 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Axiom 25, 49, 61
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 bus powered and 12v psu - if sliders/faders are on right - legacy midi 5pin - chunky unit -
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Oxygen 8v2, 49, 61 (silver) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 full size velocity sensitive 12v psu - sending random pitchbend info - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Keystation 37e 49e, 61e MK1 MKI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 - ok key action - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Keystation 37es 49se 61es, 88es MK1 MKI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Oxygen 25/49/61/88 (blue) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 [https://m-audio.com/products/view/oxygen-25-legacy advised Class-compliant and GM/GM2/XG SysEx messages] with full size velocity sensitive 12v psu - sending random pitchbend info - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Axiom 25, 49, 61 (2nd Gen) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 semi-weighted mini keys - bus powered and 9v psu for 25/49 and 12v for 61 - if sliders/faders are on left - legacy midi 5pin - chunky unit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Axiom Pro 25, 49, 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 poor construction 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MAudio Axiom AIR 25 M-Audio Axiom Air Mini 32
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Oxygen 25 III (3rd Gen) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 untested - usb only - rubber keys sticky - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MAudio Keyrig 49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Keystation Mini 32 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 - mini usb - plays a few notes and then stops responding randomly - try plugging it into port 1 or 2 on your pc - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Keystation 49 MK2 II
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 USB port and class compliant
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Keystation 61 MK3 MKIII MIDI keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 usb compliant untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Oxygen 25 IV
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016  choice 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio CTRL-49
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio ProKeys 88, 88sx 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Keystation Mini 32 MK3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 mini usb - some power or incompatibility issue with the native USB ports of the laptop, plugged in a passive USB 2.0 HUB (not USB 3.0, not powered)
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3328SvuJsLw M-Audio Oxygen25 MKV]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0763
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0001
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0023
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected audio class and bindings with camdusbmidi.class  - midi in out untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 25 full size semi keys - USB2 usb-b but no 5pin classic plugs - channel select SHIFT button and CHANNEL on keybed - plastic build - holding down both the Octave + and - for factory reset -  more limited in what you can do with it than IV 4th one - tested on AROS One 2.4 usb
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Oxygen Pro 25 49 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 untested semi full keys 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Oxygen Pro Mini 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 untested - 32 smaller keys - not endless encoders - usb only - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Hammer 88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Moog 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Moog Minitaur 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-VAVE SMK-25mini 25key MIDI Control Keyboard Y6I0 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments NI Primus A25 JamMate 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 not compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Maschine MK1 MKI
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 not compliant uses snd-usb-caiaq module, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Komplete Kontrol S88 S61 S49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 - weighted keys - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Maschine MK2 MKII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Maschine Micro Mikro MK2 MKII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NI Komplete Kontrol S49 S61 S88 MkII MK2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 all MK2 MK3 power up the keyboard using USB, it will set the keyboards MIDI port to computer MIDI only without any option to set it to use the MIDI DIN, meaning you cannot connect the keyboard to hardware and power from USB, you MUST power with the power adapter and physically unplug from any USB connection - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Komplete Kontrol A25 A49 A61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 maybe compliant,  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/sikorak666/maschine-mikro-mk3-driver Native Instruments Maschine Micro Mikro Plus MK3 MKIII]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Komplete Kontrol M32 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 untested 32 smaller keys - no drum pads - USB only - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NI Komplete Kontrol S49 S61 S88 MkIII MK3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Neusonik iBoard 4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar Impact LX25+ LX49+ LX61+ LX88+ SE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 budget full-size velocity-sensitive synth-action keyboard - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar Impact GX49
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; USB port - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar Panorama P4 P6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  USB &amp; USB Micro B, 5-pin MIDI out, 2 x TRS inputs with 49 semi-weighted, velocity sensitive with aftertouch
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar SE25 SE49
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; mini keys - micro usb bus powered - velocity and sustain button 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar Panorama P6 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar Panorama T6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nord Stage 3 midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; sysex 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation ReMote 25 49 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 lhs XY touchpad and the joystick -
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation LaunchKey 25 49 61 88 Mk1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 not USB class compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation 49 61 SL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 semi-weighted Fatar TP-8 or TP-9 keybed
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation ReMote 25SL 49SL 61SL soft label 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 - two long top liquid-crystal display LCD strips - XY touchpad and the joystick - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation ReMOTE 25LE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0004
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0001
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected, usb driver in devs/midi for camd to use}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 USB-b powered, 9v center pin positive or 6 MN1500 AA batteries - X/Y touchpad and the combined pitch and modulation joystick - no aftertouch but can use both the legacy MIDI OUT and USB port simultaneously 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation Nocturn 49 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Unk| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 untested sending random pitchbend info
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation 49 61 SL MkII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 semi-weighted Fatar TP-8 or TP-9 keybed 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation MiniNova 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation Impulse 25 49 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 velocity aftertouch‑sensitive semi-weighted keyboards and eight backlit pads -  USB, 5-pin MIDI out - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation Circuit Tracks / Rhythm 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation LaunchKey 25 49 61 88 MK2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 USB class compliant - full keys - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation Launchpad Mini MK2 MKII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 untested 8x8 buttons with 16 backlit
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation LaunchKey Mini MK2 MKII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 untested - 25 soft mini keys - 2 rotary wheels lhs - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation LaunchKey 25 37 49 61 88 MK3 MKIII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 USB class compliant choice - full keys - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation LaunchKey Mini MK3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 untested - 25 soft mini keys - 2 sliders lhs -  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation 61SL Mk3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nymphes Dreadbox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 6 voice analog synth
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Oberheim MC 2000 EX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 88 keys fully weighted - very heavy - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PreSonus ATOM SQ Hybrid MIDI Keyboard/Pad
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://polyend.com/tracker/ Polyend Tracker]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland ED PC-300
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 USB MIDI keyboard controller 49-key
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland EDIROL PCR-M30 PCR-M50 PCR-M80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol PCR-30 PCR-50 PCR-80
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 untested 32 key - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland PC-50 PC-80
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland PCR-500 PCR-800
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 61 velocity-sensitive keys with aftertouch 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland A-88 a-49
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 USB port - weighted keys velocity no aftertouch - class compliant with press FUNCTION so it is lit. Press the key labelled &quot;ADV.&quot;, Press the &quot;+&quot; button so it is lit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland PC-200 mkII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 some had fatar keys 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland MC-707 Groovebox
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland MC-101 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland A-500 A500Pro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland A-300 A300Pro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland JUNO DS, FA, Fantom, JUPITER X / Xm 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 (be sure that USB driver is set to &quot;Generic&quot; - requires device rebooting) 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland A-88 a-49 MKii MK2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 expensive with USB-c port - hammer-action keyboard weighted keys - Class-compliant if  USB-C enables bus power - MIDI 2.0 later - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ROLI Seaboard RISE 25 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson Graphite 49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson Carbon 49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sequential TAKE 5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic VMK-161 and VMK-161 Plus Organ version 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;TP-8O action is the unweighted, organ-style waterfall keybed - usb midi in out - 9v psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic SL990XP midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic VMK176 Plus
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;USB and midi connectivity
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic SL880 midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic SL73 SL88 Studio midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; hammer-action Fatar TP semi-weighted keys 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic Numa Organ 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 73 key TP-8O action is the unweighted, organ-style waterfall keybed used in nearly all clonewheels 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic Numacompact 2/2x, Numa X Piano
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SubZero CommandKey49 CommandKey25 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SubZero SZ-MiniCommand Mini-Command USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SubZero SPC61 MIDI Controller
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; bus powered - 5 octave 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SubZero ControlKey49S 49 Key Slim MIDI Controller Keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Synido TempoKey K25
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 25 mini keys - usb-c powered 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Winterbloom Sol 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Worlde Panda 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha KX8 KX49 KX61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 not compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha CMC-PD
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 not class compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha P45B P-45 Digital Piano 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 not compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha P-115 midi controller  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 untested weighted keys - USB midi port 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha MX49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 should compliant untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha Montage, CP73/88, YC, MODX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha PSR-E353, PSR-E443
PSR-S670, PSR-S770, PSR-S970, PSR-A3000, TYROS-5
NP-12, NP-32
DGX-650, DGX-660
P-105, P-115, P-255
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha MX49 II V2 Black Blue 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  midi keyboard controller 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DJM V10
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; dj 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Kontrol DJ Pro midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; detected but untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Numark Mixtrack Pro II USB DJ Controller Djay 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;older generation pioneer DDJ-SX2 dj 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |CAMD
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alyseum AL-22 AL22c  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alyseum AL-88 Schneidersladen AL88c 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alyseum U3-88c Midi Interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; no CopperLan support Midi network using a UTP Ethernet patch cable) 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer BCF2000 midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.behringer.com/EN/home.aspx Behringer] BCR2000 1in 2out
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer B-CONTROL DEEJAY BCD3000 DJ Mixer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer UMD404 UMD202 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative EMU 0404/USB midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DigiDesign / Focusrite Command 8 Control Surface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 supports MIDI continuous controller (CC) and note data. SysEx dumping and loading is also supported  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Digidesign Digi 002
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006   firewire only 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Digidesign Digi 003
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009   firewire only 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;emagic m4 2x4 AMT8 Unitor 8 Mk2  8x8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x00d0
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x010 0x0103
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 offers MTS (Midi Time Stamping) - 12v 2a psu centre pos - usb mini with rs232 and rs422 serial ports - 16 channels (8-in / 8-out), this rack-mountable unit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Evolution U-Control UC-16 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| detected}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Saffire 6 USB 1.1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Guillemot Maxi Studio ISIS Vintage Sound Card MIDI Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1998 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.ucapps.de/mbhp_usb.html MidiBox] Hardware Platform USB Module
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2001 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie Control Universal Pro XT with One Two Extenders 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 not compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Audiophile USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 not compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Midisport UNO old version 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 not compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio MidiMan 1x1 midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004  [http://sourceforge.net/projects/linux-hotplug/ firmware update]
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Midisport 2x2 yellowy green blue, green or silver chassis plastic box 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|MIDISPORT 2x2 or 4x4 interfaces from previous production series (blue, green or silver chassis) are not class-compliant}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MAudio Audiosport Quattro USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 not usb compliant as [http://usb-midi-fw.sourceforge.net/ firmware required and that is buggy], 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio UC-33
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 not compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Midisport 1x1 2x2 4x4 Anniversary Edition, black box 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 maybe class compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mooer Steep II Multi-Platform USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.amiga.org/forums/showthread.php?t=52920 Mark of the Unicorn Motu Fastlane] 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|[http://www.amiga.org/forums/showpost.php?p=560852&amp;postcount=8 not working on OS4]}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; not class compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Motu Micro Lite 1x1 and MOTU microlite 5x5 USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; good unit but poor just plug in support and not class compliant - USB2 usb-b - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Motu MIDI Express 128 8x8
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;poor support serial port only - offers MTS (Midi Time Stamping) A serial port based MIDI interface or a USB interface without MTS will have a MIDI slop of up to 2ms on record and playback. MTS provides accuracy for record and playback to around .3ms - five times more accurate than serial or non-MTS.&quot; 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU.com MIDI Express XT 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 for many USB should have octocoupled connection to reduce groundloop humm, usually the timing is off 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU MIDI Timepiece AV 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; not class compliant is one of the best multi-port MIDI interfaces ever made as USB model connects to the computer as an 8x16 interface
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments GmbH Audio 8 DJ, 4 DJ, 2 DJ
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17CC
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no|needs dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 not class compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Qcon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|did not match to camdusbmidi.class USB audio midi with onboard DSP}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1998 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Corp Edirol UM-2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0005
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no|is not bound via camdusbmidi.class }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1999 not bound to any midi class - 2x2 - tested Aros One USb 2.4 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-100G 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|detected but not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1999 USB audio midi with onboard DSP 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-880 8x8 midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|detected but not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 under poseidon but could work with run &gt;nil: c:midithru out.0 &quot;EDIROL UM-880.out.2&quot;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-1 blue plastic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Unk| bound??? via camdusbmidi.class - untested midi in out}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 UM-1 -  1-in/1-out (16 channels) 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-1S
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 1-in/1-out (16 channels)
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-2E
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM550
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2001 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-1X midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|do not have the Advanced Driver Switch on them}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2001 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-1SX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0052
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|do not have the Advanced Driver Switch on them}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol Cakewalk UM-2C - 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol Cakewalk UM-1G 1x1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol Cakewalk UM-2G 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/spotify/linux/blob/master/sound/usb/usbquirks.h Roland Edirol UA20 UA-20] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland UM-1EX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-2EX 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005  adds a second MIDI OUT
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Cakewalk UM-3G - 3x3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Cakewalk ua-25excw 1x1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|detected but not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 not class compliant mode 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://alsa.opensrc.org/Edirol_UA-25EX Roland Edirol UA55 UA-55 Cakewalk UA25 EX] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|detected but not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sonuus B2M Bass MIDI Interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sonuus G2M
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg CMC Series 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Subzero SZ-MB44 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Swisssonic MIDI1x1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 AmigaOS there is no output at midichannel one and two but if play a midi file there is only output on some channels and if pressed stop the prog freezes or the whole system crashes
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam US-428 US-422 midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 2000 not compatible 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam [http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.tascam.com/Products/US-224.html US-224]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1604
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8004
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 2002 does not bind to any class
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Corp Tascam US-1x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam US-122 MKII midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8021
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|not detected / binding to camdusbmidi.class on AROS 2.4 usb }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 detected but not working 2-in/2-out USB two XLR microphone preamps with phantom power for condenser microphones 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam US-200 US-400 US-600 US-800 US-1200 US-1800 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 may not be totally usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha UX-16
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai EIE and Pro version midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 dc 6v power - 3 USB hubs, midi in out , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis I/O2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 powered USB hub required, not compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis IO2 Express 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 usb compliant?
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis IO4 Express 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer XTouch 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; psu needed 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer X-Touch Compact
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe usb compliant?
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer X-Touch Mini
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe usb compliant?,  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-Phoria UMD404HD UMD202HD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe class compliant - volume low, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CME U2 MIDI Pro 1x1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; current model 
|-
| Creative EMU XMIDI 1X1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 early versions with sysex checksum errors 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative E-MU Xmidi 1x1 Tab (V3) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 tab version class compliant but report that when transferring 'System Exclusive' messages (SysEx) the unit could not handle the highest data rate leading to data corruption 
|-
| Creative EMU XMIDI 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 sysex errors 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Digidesign Mbox 2 Mini now Avid 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 USB powered but not compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Digidesign Mbox II Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 USB powered but not compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Engl Z7 MIDI Interface (E660/E610/E360/E930)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; guitar?
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elektron TurboMidi TM-1 1in 1out
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiTerminal M4U 4x4 midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;supposedly class compliant - USB bus powered - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiTerminal M8U 8x8
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiTerminal M4U XL 4x4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; ploytec chipset 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiTerminal M8U XL 8x8
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; no hardware routing e.g. x on input 5 to synth y on output 7 - ploytec chipset 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiMate 1x1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; supposedly class compliant - USB bus powered 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiMate II 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI ROM I/O
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 romio version 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI M4U XT
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2573
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0002
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe|is bound via camdusbmidi.class AROS One 2.4  - untested midi in out}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI M8U XT 8in 8out
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 discontinued 2018 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI M8UEX USB3.0
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 current model 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI M4U eX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 current model 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiMate eX midi interface 1x1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 current model, well liked and might class compliant?? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;icon midiport 2x2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iCON CubeMi 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; class compliant? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iConnectivity 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iConnectivity mio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 class compliant but reported issues with sending System Exclusive (SysEx) MIDI messages and MIDI signals getting cut off 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; iConnectMidi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iCM2 iCM4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iConnectivity iConnectMIDI4+ L
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 class compliant?? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iConnectivity MioXL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IK Multimedia iRig MIDI 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; class compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iRig Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kenton 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kenton Electronics pro solo mk2 midi to cv converter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kenton Midi Thru-25 5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keytech MT18E 8 Way Midi Thru box 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 9 to 12v psu required 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MidiPlus Midi 2x2 midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MidiPlus Midi 4x4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; supposedly class compliant - USB bus powered 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MidiTech MIT-00151 Midiface 4x4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MidiTech Midiface 4x4 8x8 16x16 thru merge 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Miditech Midilink mini 1x1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Midisport UNO only if box is labeled Class Compliant and latest MIDISPORT 1x1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Fast Track Ultra (6 in 6 out) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 not usb compliant, - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Midiman Midisport 2x2 Anniversary Edition [https://gearspace.com/board/electronic-music-instruments-and-electronic-music-production/1133862-why-there-hardly-any-midi-interfaces.html not stable enough] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 USB2 usb-b - does not need firmware and supposedly plug and play - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Midisport 4x4 Anniversary Edition
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; rumored does not need firmware - supposedly plug and play -  issues with its firmware for some and lacks configurable routing
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Maudio Fast Track Ultra 8R 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Komplete Audio 6 Mk1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe usb compliant but bus powered, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar Midiflex 4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 class compliant and usb-b powered - used as a 1 in / 3 out, 2 in / 2 out or 4 out 5pin sockets - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Neusonik IM-One 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Peavey Xport
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; guitars only 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland UM-ONE UM-1 mk2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 USB class compliant if switch to TAB for class compliant mode rather than the COMPUTER mode 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Squarp Hermid 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg Midex 8x8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; class compliant?  supporting MIDI Time Stamping protocol
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Swissonic MidiConnect 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tapco LiNK.midi USB 4x4 (Loud technologies) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Corp Tascam US-2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 2014 5v dc power, midi out in, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Corp Tascam US-4x4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam US-16x08 US-20x20
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom U-24
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  midi to 5pin interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  midi to 5pin interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Unbranded cable 
| 0x552d
| 0x4348
| F110 
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe|detected but no usb driver in devs/midi for camd to use}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;detected but not working the USB-MIDI conversion functionality of the cheapo USB MIDI &quot;cable&quot; interface is simply lacking, possibly being incapable of handling MIDI strings longer than 3 bytes long SysEx strings (e.g. SysEx dumps) - tested in Icaros 2.3 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB2.0-MIDI Unbranded cable with clear braided underneath leads 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1A86
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x752D 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0254 
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe|detected binding to camdusbmidi.class but untested midi in / out}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;untested but better to get a branded version - tested AROS One 2.4 usb
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;LogiLink USB to Midi In-Out 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;untested cheap cable version but issues with latency on other systems 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; gm5 USB midi chip  DIY option only
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Doremidi LEKATO MIDI USB C Interface 1x1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thomann Midi USB 1x1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;   Prodipe made 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Prodipe MIDI 1i/1o 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


Classic 5pin DIN controllers for above interfaces 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |CAMD
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai s5000 s6000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  midi digital samplers 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai AX80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Casio CZ-5000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Casio CZ-3000 CZ-1000 CZ-101 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cheetah MS6 midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 multi-timbral, six-voice (twelve-oscillator), analogue synthesiser module is loaded with CEM 3396s 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ensoniq ESQ1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Integra 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg Wavestation Ex A/D SR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1986 ex has piano and drum sounds 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg DW-8000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg DW-6000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg Poly 800 MK1 Poly-800ii 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  all plastic and can run on batteries - 49 keys non-velocity dco synt analogue filter 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland D-50
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|1987 untested greater concern would be moisture and wear}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland A50 (76) A80 (88) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|1989 untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ROLAND JUNO-D
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Juno 106 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;80s kx73 or kx88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland ED PC-160A PC-180A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} legacy DIN5 MIDI port only - 6 AA batteries or 9v psu - One regular source of failure for me were emty batteries (even with red control light still active). Another source was a bad MIDI cable - unplug then re-plug the USB cable while it is powered the device might reconnect 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland M1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland S-550 S-760 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; digital samplers kontakt replaced these? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha DX7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1983 12bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha DX7S DX72IID DX7IIFD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1987 16bit versions 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


The MIDI standard was published in August 1983. The inventors, Kakehashi and Smith finally received a Technical Grammy Award in 2013 for their work. 

The MIDI files that contained just the note data, velocity and timing meant you could transfer an entire studio session from one place to another on one floppy disk and it could control all the synths and drum samplers. Pass-thru meant that one computer could run an entire bands worth of instruments. 

It's bulletproof too. MIDI never goes wrong, it's always a bug in software that causes any issue - you can absolutely rely on it to go gigging with, take your synths, controllers and computers and not crash an entire gig at your 100,000 person venue. 

The MIDI hardware specification is very simple (voltage, polarity, screening, protection and a fast enough opto-isolator), it assumes that the data it sends and receives between MIDI devices is to the MIDI data standard and just passes it on. The microprocessor in the hardware does all the work.

The minimum for a computer/MIDI interface is that it meets the MIDI hardware specification. It is attached to the computer bus and handles the electrical conversions required. To meet the MIDI hardware specification, to be class compliant as a USB device all it has to do is report itself properly when plugged in.

The other half of the equation is the MIDI data standard, and for a computer MIDI interface the main issue is the speed of data transmission. The bus speed of the computer is faster than the speed of the MIDI standard so it can generate and send MIDI data faster than a MIDI device can receive it. The MIDI standards have nothing to say on that bottleneck at all. MIDI was designed to be very simple and very open, it just defines a standard for the messages and leaves it up to manufacturers to implement them in the way they want. That's what makes it so powerful a tool, and also what makes it so confusing and frustrating at times.

For midi, the hardware/software combination at various connection points handles the translation to/from midi (or other protocols). Drivers would be needed for midi, including clock and SysEx signal (actually claiming to handle ALL midi quirks transparently

All the important MIDI data types can be sent (CC, NRPN, RPN, MMC, Note On/Off, program change)

There is no official way to solve the data bottleneck. Early software sequencers and librarians tried to solve it by having an option to buffer SYSEX data in software and transmit it at the MIDI data rate. The downside is that hogs the bus and can hit computer performance. Interface manufacturers would add a hardware buffer which would take all the MIDI data from the PC bus and feed it into the MIDI at the slower data rate, but that added cost and created timing issues.

Things have moved on since then, but the principles remain the same. You can buffer in the hardware or in software, whether that is in the application or the interface driver. SYSEX will work perfectly well with that budget cable if your software handles the buffering. And while the cables with hardware buffers make SYSEX easier, they still have potential problems because of the limitations of the MIDI data rate. Your MIDI clock doesn't like being interrupted with a big program dump 

The serial / parallel ports were a direct connection, so faster. Now, everything in the computer is virtual and the only thing connected to the hardware is the kernel, hence everything is by default bottlenecked and jittery, regardless of which connection. So by the time the interface gets the information it's already too late. 

Ethernet network cable to transport MIDI over large distances, connect 2 MIDI In and 2 MIDI Out ports to patch, remap, filter and merge MIDI flows on a fine channel basis for tight MIDI throughput, latency and jitter 

Possibilities for DAWs of the future including a kind of sync reference for timing reference which an interface could sync to, hence all the timings then would be locked between the grid on the DAW screen and the MIDI info. 

Preemptible, low latency and accuracy are essential for good communication.  

One of the first things you need to do, is make sure your MIDI software sets the interface to the same MIDI channel as your keyboard (usually 1) 


Do you want to send just your master keyboard to other synths or to be able to use any keyboard with any synth?

1st option is relatively simple. Just need to send midi from your master keyboard into a midi splitter that redistributes the signal onto your synths. Each synth will be set up to receive midi on a specific channel so the only challenge is to find a way to select to which channel you are sending midi. Some master keyboards can do that although not many that have a dedicated knob or switch on the panel and most require a bit of menu diving. Could use a midi box that offers channel selection but usually this is not very workflow friendly. The software route would require using the mouse. 

2nd option is a bit more complex but superior workflow by sending midi messages into a merge box, from there into a hardware sequencer that allows to select midi channel, then on to a midi interface that distributes the signal to the synths. 

Master keyboard MIDI-in to computer. External hardware sampler MIDI-out from computer. Audio-out from sampler to audio-in on computer/device. 


Blue Ribbon Soundworks Bars &amp; Pipes Professional (1993/4) 

GM (1984), GS (1987), XG level 1-3 (1994-1997), GM level 2 (1999) 	

GM GM1 imposes several requirements beyond the MIDI 1.0 specification. While MIDI 1.0 by itself provides a communication protocol which ensures that different instruments can interoperate at a fundamental level e.g sound modules. GM goes further in two ways. First, GM requires that all compliant MIDI instruments meet a certain minimal set of features, such as being able to play at least 24 notes simultaneously (polyphony). Second, GM attaches specific interpretations to many parameters and control messages which were left unspecified in the MIDI 1.0 specification. A minimum of 128 MIDI Program Numbers (conforming to the GM 1 Instrument Patch Map) and 47 percussion sounds (conforming to the GM 1 Percussion Key Map). Support for controller number 1, 7, 10, 11, 64, 100, 101, 121 and 123; support for channel pressure and pitch bend controllers. 

General MIDI Level 2 or GM2 is a specification for synthesizers which defines several requirements beyond the MIDI standard and is based on General MIDI (GM) and Roland GS extensions. It was adopted in 1999 by the MIDI Manufacturers Association (MMA).

* Number of Notes: 32 simultaneous notes
* MIDI Channels: 16
* Simultaneous Melodic Instruments – up to 16 (all Channels)
* Simultaneous Percussion Kits – up to 2 (Channel 10/11)

Program and bank change events
General MIDI 2 compatible synthesizers access all of the 256 instruments by setting cc#0 (Bank Select MSB) to 121 and using cc#32 (Bank Select LSB) to select the variation bank before a Program Change. Variation bank 0 contains the full GM (General MIDI 1) sound set. Variations using other bank numbers are new to General MIDI 2, and correspond to variation sounds introduced in Roland GS. 


[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CluuHrr7HG4 Major WWHWWWH, Minor WHWWHWW scale], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jjm7Ti-iwz0 Chords], 


==usb audio==

USB audio has recently made available for Aros, there are many standards introduced over the years. Much is still untested. 

*Introduced 2000 and from 2014 USB Audio 1 UAC1 16bit 44.1kHz
*Introduced 2006 and from 2014 USB Audio 2 [https://www.usb.org/document-library/usb-device-class-definition-audio-devices-release-20-errata-and-ecn-through-april UAC2] 24bit 192kHz
*Introduced 2016 and from 2024 USB Audio 3 [https://www.usb.org/documents UAC3] 32bit 384kHz 

USB group decided to rewrite the audio standard, so [https://os4depot.net/?function=showfile&amp;file=audio/record/usbaudio2.lha UAC2] and [https://archive.fosdem.org/2019/schedule/event/linux_and_usb_audio_class_3/attachments/slides/3345/export/events/attachments/linux_and_usb_audio_class_3/slides/3345/Linux_and_USB_Audio_Class_3___FOSDEM_2019.pdf UAC3]. They added clock selection and control, timing domains and others. Part of the changes included changing many of the descriptors that an audio device uses to describe itself to the machine. 

PsdErrorlog/PsdDevlister? The AHI driver generated only supports mono/stereo at any bit rates between 8 and 32 bit per sample, but not multichannel modes and only rates up to 65KHz (because AHI uses a 16-bit word for frequencies). If the soundcard does not offer such a PCM 8-32 bit mode at frequencies lower than 65 KHz, there's nothing much that can be done about it on the computer side other than revising and expanding the AHI standard. Most cheap USB soundcards do though. 

AHI does not support six channel playback. It only supports mono, stereo and multichannel (8 channels). Due to the multichannel mode not being used by any application so far, the usbaudio.class does not support multichannel playback, especially not &quot;upchannelling&quot; stereo to six or more channels. If this USB device does not support a two channel mode, you can't use it under AHI.

Untested but most likely to work, at least 2 mic inputs (low impedance) &amp; instruments (high impedance) and made in the last 10 years 
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gMuA-2FbJxE Entry level &lt;100Euro]   BOMGE U202, Behringer UMC, Presonus Studio, 
*[ Next tier &lt;200Euro]   Audient iD, Solid SSL2 and SSL2+, Lewitt, Focusrite Scarlett, Arturia MiniFuse, 
*[ Prosumer &lt;300Euro]   Focusrite Clarett+, 
*[ Professional &lt;500Euro]   RME Babyface, 
*[ Studio &gt;500Euros]    

Bands should need 4 or more mic inputs 

[http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?p=38364030 XDA Forum thread],

&lt;pre&gt;
                                            &lt;- Computer 
                                            &lt;- Mobile Phone / Tablet (OTG)
                                            &lt;- Digital Cameras 
                            &lt;- Video        &lt;- Webcams 

Base Computer &lt;-&gt; OBS like  &lt;- Audio Mixer  &lt;- Microphone(s) 

                            -&gt; Internet     -&gt; Youtube &amp; Chat 

&lt;/pre&gt;

USB AUDIO CARDS - UAC Compliant 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Description 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Playback
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Records 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Antelope Galaxy 64 Synergy Core
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; not compliant so does not wotk with Aros and a high-end 64-channel AD/DA converter HDX, Dante connectivity and a Thunderbolt Audio interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Antelope Galaxy 32 Synergy Core
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; not be compliant so does not wotk with Aros as Antelope Audio does not provide official drivers, control software, or an Antelope Launcher 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia Mini Fuse 1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 maybe usb compliant, okay pre amp 1 combi input, cirrus logic cs4272 ad converter, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniFuse 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 maybe usb compliant usb-c with usb2.0, okay pre amps with good dynamic range 110dB, cirrus logic cs4272 ad converter, two combi inputs for mic, line or guitar, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniFuse 4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, okay 110dB dynamic range, -129dB EIN, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia AudioFuse 16Rig 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 maybe usb compliant, good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audient iD44 mk1 mki 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 maybe usb compliant, good, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audient evo4 EVO8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audient iD4 mk2 mkII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audient id14 mk2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, good, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audient iD24 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 maybe usb compliant and usb-c bus powered, good, , 0-in/14-out audio interface with ADAT expandability, balanced inserts
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audient iD44 Mk2 Mkii 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, good, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-PHORIA UMC22 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1397
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe usb compliant, okay, midas pre-amps
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-PHORIA UMC202HD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1397
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe usb compliant, okay, midas pre-amps ein -129 dBu, 24bit ADC, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-PHORIA UMC404HD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1397
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe usb compliant, okay, midas pre-amps, 24bit adc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-PHORIA UMC204HD 192 Empower Tribe 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1397
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0508
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 maybe usb compliant, okay, midas pre-amps
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer UMC1820 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1397
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016, bus complaint?, okay midas pre amps, adc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-PHORIA UM2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1397
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 maybe usb compliant, poor zenyx pre-amps with high noise floor, plastic build no rf shielding, latency issues, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer x Air XR12 XR16 XR18
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 usb and network 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Saffire 6 USB 1.1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, , , midi, strictly NEC USB 2.0, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 8i6 Gen 1 MOSC0001 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe usb compliant, but 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 2i2 Gen 1 MOSC0003 
*TP1 - 3.3V, tested ok
*TP2 - U4 control signal, 3.3V present at all time.
*TP4 - Ground
*TP6 - 48V, tested ok
*TP7 - Ground
*TP8 - Ground
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 usually avoid early Gen 1, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://khronscave.blogspot.com/2021/08/75-focusrite-scarlett-2i4-1st-gen.html Focusrite Scarlet 2i4 Gen 1 (slide toggles) MOSC0004] 
*TP1 - 3.3V, tested 3.22v
*TP2 - U4 control signal, 3.3V present 
*TP4 - Ground
*TP6 - measure 47.72v 
* AKM 4384ET (VDD 5v)
* Cirrus Logic CS4272-CZZ (VA 4.94v/ VD 3.2v/ VL 3.2v)
* all four HC4066 (VCC 4.96v)
* XMOS XS1-L01A-TQ128-C5 (all VDD 1.08v/ all VVDIO 3.23v/ PPLAVDD 0.99v/ PCU-VDDIO 3.23v)
2i4S
*TP1 seems to be 0V
*TP2 should be 5V
*TP3 should be 
*TP6 should be 48V
*TP8 should be 3.3V
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe usb compliant, pre amps JRC NJM2122 and NJM4565, [https://statics.cirrus.com/pubs/proDatasheet/CS4272_F1.pdf CS4272 adc], [https://pdf.datasheet.live/e5e5fd1c/akm.com/AK4384.pdf AK4384 output pair], Xmos XS1-L8A-64-TQ128 processor and firmware in Winbond 25X40CL 4Mbit, an SMSC Microchip USB3343 interface and a Microchip PL611 clock generator - two Intersil / Renesas ISL97519A for the phantom power rail, two OnSemi NCP1521B for the 3.3V (digital) and 1V (Xmos core) rails - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite iTrack Solo USB Audio Interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 18i20 1st Gen MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant, , Cirrus CS4272, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://wiki.linuxaudio.org/wiki/current_audio_gear Focusrite ] Scarlett 4i4 Gen  MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, , Cirrus CS4272, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 6i6 Gen1 MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant, , , 12v psu, the headphone outs mirror the outs on the back panel, so that's six independent outs. 4 independent analog output paths, plus two over spdif, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://khronscave.blogspot.com/2019/03/38-focusrite-scarlett-18i8-gen1-teardown.html Focusrite Scarlett 18i8 1st Gen MOSC0008]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant, JRC NJM4565 provide most of the opamps, pair of JRC NJM2122's for inputs 1 and 2, [http://www.mouser.com/ds/2/76/cs4272_f1-43250.pdf Cirrus CS4272], 12v 1a +central psu to a pair of National Semiconductor LM2672 for 3.3V rail and the +6.9V rail, Xmos XS1–L16A–128 dual-row QFN package, firmware a Winbond 25X40C 4Mbit SPI Flash and an SMSC USB3343 interface chip, the two headphone outs are completely independent so 6 independent analog output paths, plus two over spdif, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Clarett+ 8Pre 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 great, expensive, maybe usb compliant?  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 2i2 Gen 2 (slide toggles) MOSC0006 
*TP6 should be 48V
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8202
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant, USB-b bus powered, good preamps ein equivalent input noise -128 dBu, 24-bit 192kHz CS4272 as well as an additional AKM AK4384ET for the second stereo output pair, 4 screws under bottom rubber,  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://khronscave.blogspot.com/2021/07/focusrite-scarlett-2i4-2nd-gen-teardown.html Focusrite Scarlett 2i4 Gen 2 (slide toggles) MOSC0014]
*TP6 should be 48V
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant, USB-b bus powered, good preamps NJM2122's, NJM4565's and CMOS switches (HEF4053 and HEF4066), CS4272 and a AKM AK4384ET, Xmos XU208-256-TQ64-C10 with firmware stored in a Macronix MX25L8006E 8Mbit flash memory, clocking by a Cirrus Logic CS2100, an MP1542 boost converter creates +6V and -6V rails, powering the opamps and the rest of the analog circuitry, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 6i6 Gen2 MOSC0016
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant, 12v psu, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett Solo 2nd Gen MOSC0019
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://khronscave.blogspot.com/2024/03/focusrite-scarlett-18i8-gen2-teardown.html Focusrite Scarlett 18i8 2nd Gen MOSC00]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant, 12v psu, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Red 16Line 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 may not be compliant as Focusrite provides no drivers - 64-in/64-out Pro Tools - dual Thunderbolt 3 audio interface with ultra-low latency A-D/D-A conversion - Red Evolution mic preamps
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett Solo 3rd Gen MOSC0024
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant usb-c but usb2, preamps, ad/dc 24bit 192kHz, most Focusrite gen3 interfaces have encrypted processors, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 18i6 Gen3 MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, USB2 class compliant device, but with custom mixer interface
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 2i2 Gen 3 (push in switches) MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8210
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, USB-c bus powered, good preamps ein equivalent input noise -128 dBu, 24-bit 192kHz Cirrus Logic xfr002c and cs4272 chips, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 18i20 3rd gen MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 18i8 3rd Gen MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8214
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, , , no screws under the rubber pads on the bottom, 12v psu, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett Solo Studio Mk3 USB Audio Interface MOSC0030 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 2i2 4th Gen USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 4i4 4th Gen USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett Studio 4th Gen USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett Solo 4th Gen MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 18i20 4th Gen MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FractalAudio FM9 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fractal Audio AM4 platform 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 not working 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lewitt Connect 6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lewitt 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mooer Steep II Multi-Platform USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Motu UltraLite AVB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; usb not compliant? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU M2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant?, usb-c, good pre amps, ad/dc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU M4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, okay, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU U2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  maybe not usb compliant, good but latest had hardware revision 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU UltraLite-mk3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 not usb compliant, great 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU UltraLite-mk5
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 not usb compliant, great 
|-
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| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nuemann MT48 
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; usb audio compliant, great pre-amps 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Neumann MT48 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
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| &lt;!--Description--&gt;neuralDSP Quad Cortex QC platform 
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 cc compliant but plugins not working 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NeuralDSP QC Lite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 cc complaint 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
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| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Neve Genesys Black G16 G32 G64
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; not compliant - very good very expensive 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
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| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Presonus AudioBox USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe not usb compliant, usb1.1 usb-b bus powered, okay pre-amps, 24bit ADC 48Khz max, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Presonus Audiobox 1818VSL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
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| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Presonus AudioBox 44VSL
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 may not be usb compliant, 12v psu, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PreSonus AudioBox 22VSL
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|PreSonus Studio 2|4 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, usb-b, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|PreSonus Studio 2|6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|PreSonus Studio 6|8 USB Audio Interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 maybe compliant, needs ext psu, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PreSonus Studio 24c 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, usb-c, good, adc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PreSonus Studio 26c 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, usb-c, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PreSonus® Studio 68c
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, usb-c, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PreSonus AudioBox USB 96 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 maybe usb compliant, high preamp noise, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Presonus Quantum ES2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, okay, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Prism 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Prism Lyra 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe not usb compliant, great 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Platane UP1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant usb- UAC2 asynchronous protocol, 64dB Low-noise Mic amplifier, 32Bit High End ADC and DAC, 16dBu High-power ti headphone amplifier
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Platane UP2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Platane 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RME Babyface/UC/UFX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 maybe not usb compliant, good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RME Fireface UCX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 might be able to put into class compliant cc although a firewire device, pre amps, adc,  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RME Babyface Pro FS  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe not usb compliant, good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RME Fireface UCX II
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 might be class compliant usb-b, pre amps, adc,  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Solid State Logic SSL2 SSL2+ Mk1 1st Gen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 maybe usb compliant, good, adc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Solid State Logic SSL12 SSL18 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, bus powered, good pre-amps, up to 32-bit 192kHz AD/DA converters, 12-in 8-out, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Solid State Logic SSL2 SSL2+ MkII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant, good pre amps ein -130 dBu, ad/dc, okay latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Solid State Logic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Topping E1x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 maybe usb compliant, good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Topping Pro E2x2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 maybe usb compliant, good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UAD UA Apollo 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UA apollo 2nd Gen twin X (Duo/Quad), X4, X6, X8, X8P, and X16
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 bus compliant?, usb-
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UA apollo twin x quad 3rd Gen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 bus compliant?, usb-
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Universal Audio Volt 1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 maybe usb compliant, good, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|Universal Audio Volt 276 2|76 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 maybe usb compliant, good, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Universal Audio Volt 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, good, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai EIE Pro AI01 Electromusic Interface Expander - 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe not usb compliant, 4-in/4-out USB 2.0 audio interface with a built-in USB hub and MIDI I/O, up to 24-bit/96kHz 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai EIE Pro AI02 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|Alesis io2 io|2, io14 io|14, io26 io|26 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 bus powered but not usb compliant, okay pre-amps, 2, 4 or 8 mics respectively, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis iO2 Express 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010  not usb compliant, poor pre-amps, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Core 1 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe cc, mini usb, poor latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee Duet 1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 firewire only, not usb compliant micro-usb with most features, , ,  two‑channel two‑in, two‑out, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee Ensemble 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 firewire, not usb compliant micro-usb with most features, , ,  two‑channel 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee One USB 1st Gen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 maybe not usb compliant micro-usb for basic features, , , single‑channel up to 48kHz
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee One USB 2nd Gen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant usb- and maybe aa batteries, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee Duet 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant usb-c with most features, , , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee One USB 3rd Gen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee Ensemble Thunderbolt 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 maybe not usb compliant micro-usb with most features, , ,  two‑channel 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee Boom 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant usb-c, , , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee Duet 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant usb-c with most features, , , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ART PRO Audio Usb Mix 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant bus powered, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avid Digidesign Mbox 1 USB Audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0dba
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;01000
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 mbox original was usb1 and not a usb class compliant device, and had the much hated &quot;focusrite designed&quot; mic preamps, light blue front plate and the sticky out feet 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avid Digidesign Mbox 2 USB Audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0dba
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 midi not usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avid Digidesign Mbox 2 Pro USB Audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0dba
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 not usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avid Digidesign Mbox 2 Mini USB Audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0dba
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 not usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avid Digidesign Mbox 2 Micro USB Audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0dba
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 not usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVID MBox 3rd gen Mini or Standard but Pro is Firewire 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;behringer u-control uca202 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x8bb
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2902
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.00
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, draws a lot of power - dac ti burr-brown - no microphone pre-amp - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-CONTROL UCA 222 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 maybe usb compliant,  - no microphone pre-amp - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Black Lion Audio 2x2 evolution 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 maybe usb compliant but , okay with 109dB range - poor noise floor, 24-bit 192kHz Cirrus Logic CS4272, average latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bomge 11s 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bomge 22s 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bomge BMG22 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 usb-c, 24bit 192kHz but only use much lower, may have to spend time cleaning up some of the noise, high latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bomge U202 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 usb-c, 32bit 192kHz but only use much lower, may have to spend time cleaning up some of the noise, high latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bomge U204 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 usb-c, 32bit 192kHz but only use much lower , may have to spend time cleaning up some of the noise, high latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bomge Mini 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TI Burr-Brown PCM2702E PCM2704 PCM2704C Muse Audio Mini USB DAC board 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x08bb 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2704
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, no mic input - goodish quality
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TI Burr-Brown PCM2900 PCM2902 PCM2906 USB DAC board 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x08bb
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2900
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, no mic input - goodish quality 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Depusheng MD22 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 usb-b powered, 24bit 192kHz though is 96kHz, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Depusheng USB Audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 usb-b powered, 24bit 192kHz though is 96kHz, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|Emagic emi 2|6 em2|6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 not uac 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|Emagic emi 6|2m 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 not uac 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|Emagic emi 6|2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 not uac 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ego Systems, Inc. in Korea (ESI) joining with RIDI GmbH 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;esi Mixvibes U46 Mk II USB audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 not usb compliant, usb-b powered, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI ESU22
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;esi U24XL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, usb-b powered, 24 bits, 2 analogue inputs and outputs with 6.3 mm jack connection, Output L can be used as a headphone output, S / PDIF digital input - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;esi U46XL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, usb-b powered, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI Originals, Inc ESIO MAYA22USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant, usb-b powered, 1 xlr, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MAYA44USB+ 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant, usb-b powered,  xlr, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI Originals, Inc ESIO MARA22XTU 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe usb compliant, usb-b powered, 1 xlr, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI U22XT
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 usb class compliant
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI Gigaport Ex
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 usb compliant?, usb-c usb3.1, , , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iConnectivity iConnectAUDIO2+ icaudio-02 USB audio interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;LexiconPro - Omega 8x4x2 (USB-1.1)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 not usb complaint 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lexicon Alpha 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lexicon Lambda
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 may not be compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Line 6 Toneport UX1 and Tone Port UX2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004  not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Line 6 TonePort UX8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 maybe not class compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Line 6 POD Studio UX1 UX2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006  not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lokchonk UX22 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ljSiNmudMm0 Lokchonk UX44HD] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 usb-b , , , 2in 2out only, average latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie Onyx Artist 1·2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 maybe not usb compliant, usb-b powered, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie Onyx Producer 2X2 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, usb-b midi 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie Onyx Blackjack
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 USB powered but maybe not usb compliant, Two Onyx Preamps, 2-in, 2-out which are combo Neutrik-type connectors to handle XLR, instrument or line level 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe usb compliant, , , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Media Assistance USB-One
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 not uac cc comliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Fast Track USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 maybe not usb compliant, - guitar 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Fast Track Ultra (6 in 6 out) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb cc providing 24-bit/96kHz audio capabilities but requires manual configuration of the mixer settings 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio M-Track 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 usb compliant?, okay - guitar and vocal mainly 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://htyp.org/M-Audio/Fast_Track_Ultra/Linux M-Audio FastTrack Ultra] and Ultra 8R 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 maybe usb compliant, low round-trip latency, okay octane pre amps, adc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio M-Track 2x2M
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 usb compliant? usb-c - okay pre-amps, , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio M-Track (MkII) 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 usb compliant? usb-c - okay pre amps, , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio M-Track Solo 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 usb compliant? - okay but issues, MJN4580C opamps (lower gain 55 dB at volume 9-10), ti PCM2900C ADC 16bit means there is a hard noise floor at -96 dB, plastic build no rf shielding, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio M-Track DUO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 usb compliant? - okay but issues, MJN4580C opamps (lower gain 55 dB at volume 9-10), ti PCM2900C ADC 16bit means there is a hard noise floor at -96 dB, plastic build no rf sheild, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Air
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, okay 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NI AK1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17CC
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.pogo.org.uk/~mark/linuxdj/ Native Instruments Traktor Audio 8 DJ], [ Traktor Audio 4 DJ], [ Traktor Audio 2 DJ], 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17cc
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1978, 0x0839, 0x041C 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 not usb compliant uses snd-usb-caiaq module, [https://mixxx.discourse.group/t/problems-with-native-instruments-audio-8-dj-on-linux/14719/2 Audio 8 device has 4 subunits which are not recognized correctly], Cirrus Logic DACs spec'd at 24-bit/96KHz over a USB2, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NI Komplete Audio 6 Mk1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17CC
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe usb compliant, pre amps, 24bit 96kHz adc, ocassional dropouts, plastic build top with metal around 3/4, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments NI Komplete Audio 1 and 2 USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17CC
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, good pre amp ein -129.5 dBu, ad/dc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://support.native-instruments.com/hc/en-us/articles/360014683497-Apple-Silicon-Compatibility-News Native Instruments Komplete Audio 6 Mk2] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17CC
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, pre amps, 24bit 192kHz adc, black aluminum glass build, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[ Native Instruments Traktor Pro] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17cc
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 maybe usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation AudioHub 2x4 NOVHUB01 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, usb-b powered, no xlr, focusrite sounds inside, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation AudioHub 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Prodipe Studio 22 Pro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Schiit HEL 1 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Schiit HEL 2 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 gaming headsets mostly 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-3 Audio Capture
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1998 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-30 Audio Capture
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1999 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA1A UA-1D Audio Capture
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-5 Audio Capture (Roland)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-1000 Audio Capture
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-1EX, Cakewalk UA-1G  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 not usb compliant driver also supports ASIO (Steinberg Audio Stream I/O Interface), noisy 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Duo Capture UA-11 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland QUAD-CAPTURE Analog 2x2 Digital 2x2 USB 2.0 4in/4out
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 not usb compliant, usb-b powered 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Manuals/Rosegarden/Setup Roland Edirol UA-101 and UA-1000 (Clemens Ladisch driver)]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/mmueller-kaffeeschluerfercom/UA-25-Firmware-Modification Roland Edirol ua-25]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 maybe usb compliant 16bit 44.1kHz sampling without MIDI but not USB class complient when in Advanced mode for 24bit or midi 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Edirol by Roland USB AudioCapture UA-25EX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x00e6, 0x00e7
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant if ADVANCED DRIVER switched to OFF might play and record at 44.1kHz and 16-bit samples 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Audio Interface V-Studio 20 VS-20 Cakewalk
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 maybe not usb compliant, usb-b powered, 1 xlr, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA55 UA-55 Quad Cakewalk 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x012f
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 not USB class compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland DUO-CAPTURE EX UA-22 USB Audio
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0159
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant but not be used with a USB 3.0 port that is not compatible with USB 2.0 specification, vs pre amps, adc, three AA batteries in base, or an AC adapter psb-1u 9V 2A - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Rubix series Roland Rubix22 USB 2.0 Audio Interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Rubix series Roland Rubix24 USB 2.0 Audio Interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg MI2, Steinberg MI4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg (2004 Yamaha buys) MIDI interface hardware including the CC like CC121 CC-121 and CI1 CI2 series.
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR12 UR22
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe not usb compliant, poor pre-amps, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR44 usb audio interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe not usb compliant, poor pre-amps, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR242 audio interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 maybe usb compliant, usb powered or 5v psu, okay pre-amps, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR22mkII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 maybe usb compliant, okay pre-amps ein -123 dBu, ad/dc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR-RT 2 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 maybe usb compliant, usb2.0 usb-b, pre-amps, ad/dc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR44C (USB3) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg URX22C UR22C  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 maybe usb compliant, preamps okay but little noisy, ad/dc. 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR22 MkIII UR series
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant usb-c, okay pre-amps, adc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tapco LiNK.USB 2x2 (Loud technologies WA, USA) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 maybe not compliant, usb-b, poor pre-amps hum, latency issues, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://git.alsa-project.org/?p=alsa-tools.git;a=blob;f=usx2yloader/README;hb=3843634ef0310a952b256bcb6a4ddd0ad4ebe396 Teac Tascam US-422 US-428 US2XYloader] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam US-122 US-224 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 not usb compliant, needing firmware usx2yloader/us122fw.ihx for audio sound card - Tascam US-122 and US-122L are not the same - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam US-122L 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x800e
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 not usb compliant, obsolete needs tascam_loader.ihx and us122fw.ihx firmware loaded each time unless automated 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam US122 US-122 Mk2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 not usb compliant although USB2 downgrade so using USB1.1 UHCI, tascam units suffer from high round-trip latency as do most typical USB units
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam US144 US-144 Mk2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 maybe usb compliant although USB2 downgrade so using USB1.1 UHCI, tascam units suffer from high round-trip latency as do most typical USB units
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac TASCAM US-200 USB 2.0 Audio / MIDI Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac US-366 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac TASCAM US-600 USB 2.0 Audio / MIDI Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac TASCAM US-800 USB 2.0 Audio / MIDI Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 may not be totally usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam iU2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Corp Tascam US-2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 usb compliant?, 5v dc power, midi out in, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Corp Tascam US-4x4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; usb compliant?, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam US-16x08 US-20x20
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;teyun q12 Q-12, q22 Q-22 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant - unknown pre amp, unknown ad/dc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teyun q26 Q-26, q24 Q-24 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant - unknown pre amp, unknown ad/dc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha UW500
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 not class compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha Audiogram 3 USB Digital Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 maybe usb compliant, okay pre amp, 16bit 44kHz adc no advanced features without dedicated asio driver, 1 xlr, 1 instrument, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha Audiogram 6 USB Digital Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant, okay, 2 xlr, 2 instrument, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom UAC-232 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, okay, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom UAC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, okay, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.arcam.co.uk/products,rseries,usb-dacs,rPAC.htm Arcam rPac] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audioquest Dragonfly 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audioengine D1 Premium 24-bit DAC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Beresford TC-7520 (Burr Brown PCM 1716) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Beresford TC-7520 + Burson Buffer + MK3 JKSPDIF
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://epiphany-acoustics.co.uk/products-page/dacs/e-dac-24bit-miniature-usb-dac/ Epiphany E-DAC 24bit] ES9023 DAC chip 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Firestone Audio FUBAR II Mk2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Firestone Audio iLoveTW 24Bit USB DAC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FiiO D5 ta2020 chip amp 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FiiO E07K Andes 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FiiO E17 Alpen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GoVibe Magnum 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GoVibe Martini-U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GoVibe Vulcan 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Halide Design DAC HD (Wolfson WM8716) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HRT Steamer II USB DAC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;John Kenny JKDAC uses a 24-bit/192&amp;nbsp;kHz Sabre ES9022 DAC or better JKDAC32 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; iBasso D12  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Leckerton UHA-6S MKII  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MyST 1866 PortaDAC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Objective DAC ODAC+O2  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rega DAC (Wolfson WM8742) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.henryaudio.com/open-source.php Henry Audio USB DAC 128 also known as QNKTC AB-1.2 open source DAC] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Henry Audio mkII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;AKM4430 DAC chip comes from Asahi Kasai 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DevilSound USB DAC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom U series
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;KingRex UD-01 SE (Burr-Brown PCM 2702E) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SuperPro 24/192 USB DAC (24bit 192&amp;nbsp;kHz, CS-4398 D/A chip) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| CMedia CM108 7.1ch emulation I2S in and out
| 0x1926
| 0x0003
| 0x0100
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| [http://www.lindy.co.uk/usb-2-audio-adapter/42961.html Lindy USB 2.0] (Chipset CM108)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| Speed-Link SL-8850-SBK Vigo ([http://mightyohm.com/forum/viewtopic.php?p=1036#p1030 CMedia CM108])
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| Dynamode USB SOUNDCARD 2.0 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0003
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1130
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| Dynamode Virtual 7.1 USB-SOUND7 (C-Media )
| 0x0d8c
| 0x000c 0x000e
| 1.00
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Generic White box with very little red led and white USB lead (CMedia )
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0d8c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 0c000e
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.00
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| CM109 CiT SC-U119 5.1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| CMedia CM1197.1ch I2C MCU port Penguin 
| 0x0D8C
| 0x0000
| 0x010
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sweex 7.1 Startech External USB, WMA Blue metal box SYBA SD-AUD20040, Sabrent USB-SND8, Sewell Vantec NBA-200U (C-Media CM6206 CM106 like) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0d8c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0102
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;50/50 if the item is detected but does not work 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative Labs SoundBlaster X-fi 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative X-Fi Go 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative X-Fi 5.1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative Sound Blaster Play! USB sound adapter (SB1140) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; working with [http://www.amiga.org/forums/showpost.php?p=646431&amp;postcount=15 Deneb on OS3] 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asus Xonar U1 (ASUS UA100 USB Audio Chip) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asus Xonar U3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Griffin iMic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Transit
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Icemat Siberia (steel series) (Cmedia chipset) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JMTek HY554, ZyXEL NSA-220, Logilink (Tenx Technology TP6911 and SSS-1623 headphone set) 
| 0x0C76 0x1130
| 0x1605 0x1607  0xf211
| 0x
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; reports on other OS not good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Plantronics &quot;DSP Adapter-01&quot; (or &quot;USB Adapter-02&quot;) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rocksmith Real Tone Cable 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RSA Intruder Predator 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech ICUSBAUDIO7
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0d8c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x000c
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.00
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Stoner Acoustics UD100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac UDH01-B  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Terratec Aureon 5.1 USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Terratec Aureon 5.1 USB MKII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TerraTec Electronic GmbH Aureon Dual USB
| 0x0ccd
| 0x0077 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
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| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Terratec Phase26
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust 510 EX 5.1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech A-5572A USB 2.0  to 3.5mm jacks Virtual 7.1 Surround Sound Adapter or accessory of Logitech Clearchat pro USB or Logitech USB Headset H530 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0003 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x046D
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trumix TM-10 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024  maybe cc 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trumix TM-12 USB-C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe cc usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Turtle Beach Audio Advantage Amigo Micro II USB Sound Card &amp; Headset Adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x10F5
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0211
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Vantec NBA-100U 7.1 Channel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}

 Companies including Access, Alesis, Allen&amp;Heath, American Audio, CME, ESI, Infrasonic, Lexicon, Numark, Presonus, Reloop, SIMS, Sound Devices, Steinberg, Swissonic, Tascam, Terrasoniq, Terratec, Yamaha and Yellowtec decided to license and bundle this driver. So fully functional custom drivers are available for Access Virus TI, Access Virus TI snow, Alesis Multimix 8 USB2.0, Alesis Multimix 16 USB2.0, Allen&amp;Heath XONE:2D, Allen&amp;Heath XONE:3D, Allen&amp;Heath XONE:4D, Allen&amp;Heath XONE:DX, Allen&amp;Heath XONE:DB4, American Audio Versa Port, CME XCORPIO, ESI ESU1808, ESI Gigaport AG / DG, ESI Maya 44 USB, Infrasonic Amon, Lexicon I-ONIX U22, Lexicon I-ONIX U42S, Lexicon I-ONIX U82S, Mindprint DI-MOD USB, Numark DJ IO, Numark NS6, Numark NS7, Numark Omni Control, Numark V7, Presonus Audiobox USB, Reloop Digital Jockey, SIMS Primus, Sound Devices USB pre, Steinberg MI2, Steinberg MI4, Swissonic Easy USB, Tascam M-164UF, Tascam US-122L, Tascam US-144, Tascam US-Tascam US-144mkII 122mkII, Tascam US-200, Tascam US-600, Tascam US-1641, Tascam US-1800, Tascam US-2000, Terratec Area 61, Terrasoniq Phase X64, Terratec Phase 26 USB, Yamaha UW10, Yamaha UW500, Yellowtec PUC2 and many others.

Well, those companies are using the same driver framework because all of those interfaces use the same microprocessor/firmware architecture to communicate with the USB bus. Just like almost all FireWire audio interfaces use the same TC Dice or BridgeCo chipsets. Usually it does not make sense for companies to develop their own USB1.1/USB2/FW framework for a product they are going to sell for &lt;$500.

However, that isn't the end of the story. The companies who develop audio interfaces implement different features into their devices and must update the driver and firmware to accommodate those features. That is where things can go wrong. Sometimes there is miss-communication about how things are coded, sometimes the developer who started a project leaves without transferring his knowledge to his successor, etc. You have to keep in mind that there are no &quot;big&quot; computer audio companies. Even the companies that seem big in the scale of the market, probably have fewer employees than you'd think.

A very well made interface that is designed from scratch from the ground up would be a very expensive device, regardless of whether it's USB, FW, PCIe or whatever.

Round-trip latency is the sum of the following:
&lt;pre&gt;
    ASIO input buffer
    ASIO output buffer
    A/D D/A converter latency
    The driver's hidden safety buffer
&lt;/pre&gt;
At a 64-sample ASIO buffer size/44.1k, Tascam units yield ~18ms total round-trip latency.

Typical USB audio interfaces use a large hidden safety buffer.
This helps ensure glitch-free playback... even under less than ideal circumstances. But... this comes at the expense of much higher round-trip latency. Short of doubling the sample-rate, there's no means of mitigating the higher round-trip latency.
If you have no plans of ever monitoring in realtime thru software based EFX/processing (ie: playing/monitoring DI bass thru an AmpSim plugin as you're playing), then this may not matter to you.
If you want the ability this play/monitor in realtime thru software based EFX/processing, make sure to get an audio interface that yields low round-trip latency.

As a point of reference the best PCI/e audio interfaces yield about 5ms total round-trip latency at a 64-sample ASIO buffer size/44.1k
The best Firewire and USB units yield 5.5-5.6ms total round-trip latency at those same settings.
Typical USB and Firewire units (that use a large hidden safety buffer) yield 12-18ms total round-trip latency at those same settings.

Anything above ~6ms starts to feel sluggish.
Anything above ~10ms feels like playing thru molasses.


USB Microphones 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;C-Media Electronics, Inc. CM108 Audio Controller Mic
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0d8c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x013c 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato WaveMic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Wave:1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 no driver }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Wave:3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 no driver lightweight }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;hyperx solocast 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;hyperx quadcast 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sennheiser CC510 USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis USB-Mic microphone podcasting kit 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audio-Technica AT2020 (AT202) AT4040
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audio-Technica AT2035 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer B1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Blue Microphones Snowball 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Blue Microphones Snowball iCE
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| cardioid only }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Blue Microphones Yeti 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|can pick up a lot of background noise but not sure if right mode used }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Blue Microphones Yeti Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| can pick up a lot of background noise but not sure if right mode used }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MXL 2001A/600 Studio Microphone Pack / MXL 2003A Studio Condenser
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft LifeChat LX-3000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Namtai SingStar(TM) PS2 SCEH-0001 USBMIC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1415
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0.01
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| mono microphones }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Neumann MT48 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Seiren X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Seiren Mini USB Condenser Microphone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rockband USB Mic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rode NT1A VideoMic Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rode Podcaster 2 USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| RODECaster Pro usb audio compatible}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rode NT1A NT2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  NT2 better }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland R-07
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson Go Mic - Portable USB Microphone for Recording 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| mini usb r.h.s. and clip on the bottom left hand side}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson Go Mic Clip On USB Microphone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| switch to choose between Cardiod, Omni and -10&amp;nbsp;dB modes, a 3.5mm headphone socket and a USB socket}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson C01U  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| cardoid only}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson C03U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Shure MV7 USB Podcast Microphone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Shure MV7+ XLR &amp; USB-C dynamic microphone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SONY PCM-D50 handy 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| one mini usb 5V, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PCM-M10 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| one mini usb out 5V, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SONY 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| one mini usb out, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SONY 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| one mini usb out, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TASCAM DR-1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008, one mini usb out, lithium battery}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-07 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009, one mini usb out, aa battery}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR05 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011, one mini usb port for file transfer and charging the AA batteries }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-40
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011  mini usb aa battery }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-07mkII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 , one mini usb out, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-05X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 , one micro usb out, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-07X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 , one micro usb out, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-40X
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 , one micro usb 3 aa battery }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-05XP 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 , one usb-c , }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-07XP 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 , one usb-c , }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-40XP
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 , one usb-c, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-100mkIII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| , usb , }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| , usb , }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2006 no driver, mini usb 5V }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0095
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007 no driver, mini usb 5V audio i/f USB Card and USB Audio; press the Record button when USB Audio is displayed. Press Record again to choose the default }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H4n 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 no driver, mini usb 5V }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0120
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010 no driver, mini usb 5V and display will alternate between USB Card and USB Audio; press the Record button when USB Audio is displayed. Press Record again to choose the default }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H2n 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 no driver, mini usb 5V audio i/f press the Record. Press Record again to choose the default }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H4n PRO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 no driver, mini usb 5V }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 untested, 2xlr, 5v mini usb, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 no driver, 5v mini usb, 2 xlr, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H1n-vp handy 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 no driver, mini usb 5V }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H6studio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom Q3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 untested usb a cord, no hdmi, 480p}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom Q3HD Handy Video Recorder 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010 untested, built in usb-a cord, mini hdmi, 1 hour on 2 AA batteries, H.264 movies 480p }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom Q2HD Handy 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 untested, up 720p but no stablisation, mini usb cord, 1 hour on 2 AA batteries}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom Q4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 untested, li-ion battery}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom Q4N 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2015 untested, li-ion battery}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audio Technica ATR4697-USB Boundary Microphone
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CAD Audio CAD USB Condenser Boundary Microphone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MXL AC-44 Boundary Conferencing Mic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson Audio SAUB1 Boundary Microphone (USB)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


USB Speakers 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focal XS 2.1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


USB Headset Wired/Wireless 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Logitech Vantage Wired (came free with PS2 Socom3)
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Logitech G330 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Logitech Premium USB Stereo Headset 350
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Plantronics DSP-300 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Plantronics GameCom 777
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Logitech G-930 Wireless
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| [http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/set-usb-wireless-earphones/ Plantronics Audio 995 Wireless RF] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Sennheiser  Wireless
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Be1e0QPIPK0 Mixers]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ALESIS MULTIMIX 4 CHANNEL USB MIXER
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis - MultiMix 8 USB FX (USB 1.0)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 usb compliant?, up to 16-bit/48kHz, 18v 500mA - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis - MultiMix 8 USB 2.0 FX (USB 2.0)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 usb compliant?, up to 16-bit/48kHz, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Allen&amp;Heath MixWiz16
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Allen and Heath ZED Power 1000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb 8 xlr, usb-b out, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Allen &amp; Heath ZEDi-10
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer XENYX 302USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 5-Input Mixer/Audio Interface - 1 xlr - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Xenyx Q502USB Mixer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|no driver}} Behringer 2*18.5V 250ma psu - 1 xlr - phanton power - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Xenyx Q802USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} Behringer 2*18.5V 250ma psu - 2 xlr - phanton power - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BEHRINGER XENYX 1204USB 8-Channel 2-Bus Mixer USB/Audio Interface Studio/Live
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} iec kettle psu lead - can develop constant background hiss over time 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer XENYX X1222USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver - 12-Channel Analog Mixer with USB Interface and Effects}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Depusheng HT-7 HT7USB 7 Channel Audio Mixer
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2023 cheap no driver, USB MP3 player to work, format your USB stick Fat32 as a Logical drive - not primary}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Depusheng XT7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2025 cheap no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Depusheng DT8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2025 cheap no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Spirit soundcraft Folio FX8 with Lexicon Effects Processor
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} unusual power connector - [https://github.com/lack/soundcraft-utils usb routing] -  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Weymic Professional F7 7-Channel 2-Bus Mixer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2022 no driver, cheap mixer with 3pin ac input (introduces noise) and 1 usb-a port}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Weymic Professional F7-Pro 7-Channel 2-Bus Mixer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2022 no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Weymic A80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2024 no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
|}


Mixer no hardware usb 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ALTO Lynx MIX82FX Audio Mixer
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alto L16 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer MXUL5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer MX602A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Eurorack UB502
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb 17.5V 3pin psu needed}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Eurorack UB802 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb 2 xlr,}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Eurorack UB1002 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb 2 xlr,}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Eurorack UB1202 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb 4 xlr, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Eurorack UB1602 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer RX1602 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer 802 XENYX 8-Input 2-Bus Mixer Small Format Mixer
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} Behringer 18.5V ???ma psu - 2 xlr - phanton power - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Xenyx 502 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Xenyx 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IMG stage Line MMX-122 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb, 4 xlr, iec cable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie 802VLZ4 Mackie 802-VLZ4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb , psu}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie 1202-VLZ Pro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb, mains iec}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie Mix5 Mixer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}} 18v 300mA psu - 5 Channel - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie Mix8 Mixer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}} 9v x2 600mA psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie MIX12FX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb, 4 xlr, 9v 500mA x2 psu, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.soundcraft.com/en/product_documents/en/owners_manual Soundcraft] Spirit Folio F1 Fader 100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} 16 Channel Mixer - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft EPM6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft EPM8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Harman Soundcraft EPM 12 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} iec kettle power lead - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft EPM 16
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft Notepad 8FX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft Notepad UI12
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; connect via wifi 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft Notepad UI16
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; connect via wifi 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft Notepad 124FX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection, 14.8V x2 3 pin psu}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;t.mix xmix 1402fx mp usb
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection, mains iec, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
|}


==Webcameras==

A USB camera has two dedicated chips: a controller or bridge and an image sensor.

There was no Commodore support for video interfaces. The only commercial, now discontinued application that defined some sort of standard was VHI Studio by iospirit.

===OLD standards===

See [http://www.e3b.de/usb/main_supported_e.html support pages] and [http://www.e3b.de/usb/main_faq_e.html here] and some [http://webcam-osx.sourceforge.net/cameras/index.php?orderBy=status further compatibility]


Pencam STV680
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| AIPTEK stv680 
| 0x0553 
| 0x0202 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Konica e-mini 
| 0x04c8 
| 0x0722 
|
| {{N/A|untested }}
|-
| DigitalDream l'espion XS 
| 0x1183 
| 0x0001 
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| [http://reviews.cnet.com/webcams/creative-webcam-go/1707-6502_7-1446174.html Creative WebCam Go mini] 
| 0x041e 
| 0x4007 
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}


SonixcamTool (Sonix webcams and derivates)

'''Note [http://amigadev.free.fr/sonix/ some] Sonix Webcams with a Sonix SN9C1xx controller ''and'' a pas106b or tas5110c1b sensor support bulk mode which works even with pciusb.device!'''
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Macally IceCam II
| 0x0c45
| 0x05d8
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Sweex MiniCam 100K 
| 0x0c45 
| 0x6005 
| 
| {{N/A|untested - sensor tas5110c1b}}
|-
| Macally IceCam Portable 
| 0x0c45
| 0x6007
| 
| {{N/A|untested - sensor tas5110d}}
|-
| Sweex 100K 
| 0x0c45 
| 0x6009 
| 0x0101
| {{yes|bulk works - sensor pas106b}}
|-
| [http://www.epinions.com/pr-Chicony_TwinkleCam_Webcam/display_~full_specs Chicony Twinkle DC-2110A] 
| 0x0c45
| 0x600d
| 
| {{no|no}}
|-
| Unknown
| 0x0c45
| 0x601e
| 
| {{no|no}}
|-
| USB PC Camera (SN9C102)
| 0x0c45 
| 0x6028
| 
| {{no|no - sn9c10x + pas202b}}
|-
| Trust SpaceC@m 120 and 150
| 0x0c45 
| 0x6029
| 
| {{N/A|untested - sensor pas106a}}
|-
| HiRes Webcam Live
| 0x0c45 
| 0x602c
| 
| {{no|no - sensor ov7630}}
|-
| [http://www.sweex.com/en/assortiment/sound-vision/webcams/JA000020 Sweex USB Webcam 300K]
| 0x0c45
| 0x608f
| 
| {{no|no - sensor ov7630}}
|-
| Speedlink Sphere Webcam SL-6820, 350K
| 0x0c45
| 0x613c
| 0x0101
| {{N/A|untested - sensor HV7131R}}
|-
| WB-3250P
| 0x0c45
| 0x613e
| 
| {{no|no - sensor ov7630}}
|-
| Unknown
| 0x0c45 
| 0x6207
| 
| {{no|no}}
|}

&lt;pre&gt;
micromaxx USB Camera 	STM 	1363 	514 	works 	---
USB Tower 	Lego 	1684 	1 	works 	need NCQ
Trust Spycam 100plus 	STM 	1363 	514 	works
&lt;/pre&gt;


ov51x.class - no driver
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| D-Link VGA Webcam (640x480) 
| 0x05a9
| 0x8519
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Sony PS2 EyeToy Logitech/Logicool Black (ov519) SCEH-0004 
| 0x054c
| 0x0154
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Sony PS2 EyeToy Namtai Silver (ov519) SLEH-00031 SLEH-00030
| 0x054c
| 0x0155
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
|}


===UVC.class - [https://www.usb.org/document-library/video-class-v15-document-set USB Device Class Definition for Video Devices or USB Video Class]===

 AROS does not supported as still needs an uvc.class which might create a virtual UVC.VHI or an expanded streaming device driver for use by AROS apps 

*2003 UVC 1.0 baseline streaming of uncompressed YUV422, MJPEG, and compressed MPEG-2 TS, DV 
*2005 [http://www.cajunbot.com/wiki/images/8/85/USB_Video_Class_1.1.pdf UVC 1.1] baseline HD 720p streams formats, usb2 support, 
*2012 [https://www.usb.org/document-library/video-class-v15-document-set UVC 1.5] added usb3 devices and compressed h.264 and VP8 formats 
*2019 the market is filled with UVC Compliant USB HDMI Capture


*Aros needs to read the camera’s class-specific Video Control (VC) unit and terminal descriptors.
*Identifies the devices as UVC-compatible and links it to the native UVC class driver, so no separate driver installation is required.
*Aros and camera determine the appropriate streaming settings, including format, resolution, and frame rate.
*Once set, video data moves from the image sensor to the onboard ISP, then through the USB controller and into the host system for viewing, analysis, or recording 
*More advanced functions, such as HDR, ROI, and hardware trigger support, can be managed 


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acasis 4K30 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acasis 4K60 HD VS009
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|4k 60hz ok for chat streams}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acasis 4K60 HDMI HDR Game Live Video Capture
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| for chat streams }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AJA U-tap HDMI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ASUS TUF CU4K30 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ATEN CAMLIVE HDMI to USB-C UVC Video Capture adapter UC3020 HDMI (F) TO USB-C M 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 possibly UVC and UAC standard support allows up to 1080P @ 60}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avermedia Live Streamer Cap 4K - BU113 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 uvc usb3}}  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia GC515 video capturing device 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 USB 3.2 Gen 1 (3.1 Gen 1)}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer Ultra GC553
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 usb3 powered by Type C USB cable and 4K HDMI cable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer Ultra S GC553PROW 302AGC553DL2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1553
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 powered by good quality type C USB3 cable and 4K HDMI 2.0 cable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVermedia Live Gamer Mini GC311 302AGC311DG9 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1311
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 uvc compliant up to 1080p 60fps capture and supports internal hardware H.264 encoding - if flashing blue light try another '''quality''' micro usb cable - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Ez Recorder 330 (ER330) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 designed to work independently and is generally not compatible as a plug-and-play UVC capture card }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer extreme3 GC551G2 (LGX3) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3551
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 uvc compliant for intensive gaming streams, some vrr but no hdr with maximum recording resolution of 4K30/1080p60 from fully wired usb3 compatible cable - passing through 4K60/1080p120 Game Capture video capturing device HDMI}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer Ultra Pro GC553Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 usb3 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer Ultra 2.1 GC553G2 61GC553G20BV video capturing device 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 USB 3.2 Gen 1 (3.1 Gen 1)}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia GC575
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 usb3 powered by Type C USB cable and 4K HDMI cable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVMatrix 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ClonerAlliance Flint 4KP Plus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DIGITNOW U600 video capture card 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 uvc uac  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epiphan AV.io HD
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epiphan AV.io 4K 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Cam Link 4K 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0FD9
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/elgatosf/capture-device-support Elgato HD60 S+]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0FD9
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x006C, 0x006E
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 4K 30FPS capture, 1080p 60FPS uvc}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato HD60 X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0FD9
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Cam Link 4K HDMI video capture card 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0FD9
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 uvc compliant but can have usb disconnects}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EVGA XR1 USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 USB 3.0 device with 1080/60 capture and 4K/60 passthrough}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EVGA XR1 lite USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 USB 3.0 device }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EVGA XR1 Pro USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 USB 3.0 device with 1080/60 capture and 4K/60 passthrough}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EZcap Game Link Raw - ezcap321 usb3.1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 2160p30, 1080p120 and 1440p60 HDMI input and pass-through. - 1080p120, 2160p30 and 1440p60 recording. - Latency less than 50ms uvc}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EZCap GameDock Ultra 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 record at 4K30, 1440p60, and 1080p120}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EZcap 360 Game Capture Extreme 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 USB 3.0, 4K 60FPS passthru and 1080p 240FPS}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EZCAP 364 GameDock Extreme 2.1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Genki ShadowCast 1 &amp; 2, the Pro version 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HAUPPAUGE HD PVR Pro 60 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021  4K in/Out 1080P 60fps Capture and Streaming PC Connected and Stand Alone }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;INOGENI 4K2USB3 2830 3826 HDMI 4K to USB 3.0 UHD 1080p Video Capture Card 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2997
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0004
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 uvc compliant made in Canada - usb3-b socket and 1 hdmi 1080p from 23.98 up to 60p, 4K@30 fps maybe - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kondor Blue 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nanjing Magewell Electronics Co ltd USB 3.0 XI100DUSB-HDMI Pro Capture 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell USB3.0 Silver HDMI Full HD Video Capture Device 1080p 32011 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 usb audio extract HDMI embedded audio output via headphones}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell USB capture HDMI PLUS 2K 32040 320400000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 captures video up to 1920×1200, 1920×1080 or 2048×1080 at 60 fps over an HDMI capture from devices such as game consoles in up to DCI 4Kp60 4:2:0 input resolution, and it automatically upscales/downscales the signal to 2K for recording or streaming}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell USB capture HDMI Gen2 32060 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2015 1080p gets hot, 165M HDMI receiver, max input 2048x1080 60fps 4:4:4, RGB/YUV 4:4:4 8/10/12-bit, YUY 4:2:2 12-bit, up to 8-channel 24-bit HDMI-embedded audio at 192kHz, HDMI 1.4a, output from 480p to 1080p, YUY2/UYVY/RGB24/RGB32 support video cropping, up/down scaling, de-interlacing, aspect ratio conversion, color format conversion, frame rate conversion, flip and mirror, up to 2-channel IEC60958 audio streams, 5V 0.5A 2.5W, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell USB Capture 4K Plus 32090 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 limited by the bandwidth of USB 3.0, the maximum frame rate can only reach 30 fps when capturing}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell USB Capture 4K PRO
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell Pro Convert IP to USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|Captures one network eth NDI® High Bandwidth, NDI® HX2, NDI® HX3 sources or H.264/H.265 video source into software at resolutions up to 1080p60}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell USB Fusion 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|versatile USB video capture device that allows users to switch between two HDMI inputs and one USB webcam input for live presentations}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ROLAND UVC-01 USB Video Capture
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2020  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sunplus Innovation Technology Inc. MiraBox HSV321 ARX321 Video Capture device 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;ox1bcf
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2c99
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 uvc uac  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UGREEN CM716 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| uvc uac but disable HDCP on your source device (PS4/PS5, Xbox) }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VisionTek UVC HD60 Capture Card
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acer Aspire Crystal Eye AOA110 AOA150 0.3M 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2008 webcam }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Streamer CAM 313 (PW313) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2019 uvc 1080p/30 webcam}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Streamer DUO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2021 uvc 1080p/60 webcam}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://reviews.cnet.co.uk/webcams/creative-live-cam-optia-af-review-49294183/ Creative Live Cam Optia AF] 2.0M
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{no|2008 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DSLR macro extensions + a cheap 50mm E-Series lens + some PVC tubing and a negative holder 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes| if uvc camera chosen}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DSLR scanning using a macro lens, for the adapter, for a 3d printed negative holder) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes| if uvc camera used }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech C270 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0825
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|720p }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech C910 C920 HD Pro 5Megapixels 720p 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|Output mjpg 1080p}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech C920s c922 HD Pro 5Megapixels 1080p 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|Output mjpg 1080p}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Brio 100 300 500 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|}} 1080p 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech MX Brio 4k 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|4k}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft's LifeCam HD-3000 HD-5000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045e
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 0x0779
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.06
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft LifeCam Cinema 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft LifeCam Studio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} sony imx179 1080p 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pi 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} 1/2.8” Sony IMX291 image sensor, it's a 2MP, UVC-compliant, ultra-wide-angle, low light, high-speed USB 2.0 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} OV5648 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;razer kiyo 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} 4 megapixel sensor 1080p 30fps 720p 60fps - 12 led ring light adjustable 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TeckNet C068 1.3mpixel HTD USB2.0 Camera Vimicro Z-Star Corp 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0AC8
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 0x3420 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x01FA
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/wltechblog/thingino-installers/tree/main/wyze-cam-4 Wyze Cam V4] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H0QLiC9QoQU firmware]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no| verified with os04d10 sensor (i2c 0x3c) but not GC4653 (i2c 0x29)}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;YEALINK(XIAMEN) NETWORK UVC50 is compatible with the UVC 1.1 protocol CP960-UVC50 and CP960-UVC80 kits PTZ, CP960-UVC30 Kit is UVC 1.5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amcrest ProHD 1080P WiFi Wireless IP Security Camera - 1080P (1920TVL), [https://www.ispyconnect.com/man.aspx%3Fn%3DAmcrest IP2M-841] nvr 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} h264/rtsp, motion detection, features Sony image sensor and Ambarella processor - rtsp://[username]:[password]@[IPaddress]:[port]/cam/realmonitor?channel=[channel]&amp;subtype=[stream] - [username] - username to login to the DVR or NVR, [password] - password, [IPaddress] - IP address of the device. If you are not on the same local network, this should be the external IP address of the device's network, [port] - port number, [channel] - channel number of the stream, [stream] - view the Main or Sub stream. (main stream is 0, sub stream is 1) , eg. rtsp://admin:admin@192.108.1.108:80/cam/realmonitor?channel=1&amp;subtype=1 - utilizing RTSP ( rtsp://user:pass@ipcam1 )  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Axis all modern ones 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} RTSP/RTP + H264/mjpeg or MJPEG over HTTP
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PTZ 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DLink DCS-5222 5222L network camera 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} camera streams H.264 over RTP controlled by RTSP 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Dlink DCS900 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wansview 1080p [http://marc.merlins.org/perso/linuxha/post_2013-11-10_Reviewing-IP-Webcams-for-Linux-and-Zoneminder_Dlink-DCS900_-Ubnt-Aircam_-Foscam-FI8904W-FI8910W_-FFI9820W_-FI9821W_-Wansview-NCB541W_-and-Zavio-F3210.html#NCM625GA NCM625GA] IP Camera WiFi Wireless IP Security Camera , Full HD Plug n Play Home Surveillance / Baby Monitor 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} RTSP/RTP + H264/mjpeg - play its HD stream without problem with vlc rtsp://ip/live/ch0 and getting  jpegs http://ipaddr/mjpeg/snap.cgi?chn=0 - methods involve transcoding h.264 video from the camera into jpeg's, which is cpu intensive - able to pull images manually, using http://username:password@ip/mjpeg/snap.cgi - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wansview NCB541W
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avermedia Game Capture HD C281 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2011 standalone h.264 recording of up to component cable not hdmi but not uvc}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avermedia GL310 Live Gamer Portable (LGP Lite)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2014 not working usb2 and USB Lite no uvc}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avermedia AVerMedia Live Gamer Portable ([https://github.com/Trouffman/octv_gears_lgp Model C875])  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2014 usb2 no uvc}}   
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia LGX Live Gamer extreme GC550
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2015 but [https://github.com/ChrisAJS/lgx2userspace driver]}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia LGX2 Live Gamer extreme2 gc550 plus gc551 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2017 but [https://github.com/ChrisAJS/lgx2userspace driver]}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avermedia ExtremeCap UVC - BU110 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2017 maybe not uvc and uac}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer Portable 2 Plus GC513 Micro-USB Capture Box LGP2 Plus
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1513
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2017 powered by a standard Micro-USB cable, video capture output up to 1080p60 capture to hdmi in, standalone sd card recording on exFAT or FAT32 of .MOV, 2160p pass-through hdmi out to tv - no vrr - [https://www.avermedia.com/uk/support/download#ans_part firmware latest 2.1.7.13, 2.1.7.14], SN74AVC8T245 8bit, DRV604 stereo, iTE IT6663FN hdmi 2.0 splitter, TLV320DAC3101 DAC, CS42L73 audio codec, CDCE913 PLL clock, W29N01HVSINA nand bios, I-Catch V35MA SOC CPU 32bit MIPS24K, ADV7480 hdmi mhl, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer 4K LG4K GC573 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2018 not uvc but [https://github.com/derrod/lg4k-linux drivers here], }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Blackmagic intensity Extreme Capture Card
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2011 not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BlackMagic Intensity Pro 4k 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2015 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Video Capture (1VC108601000)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Game Capture 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc, mini usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Game Capture HD60 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Game Capture HD GCHD 2GC309901000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc https://github.com/tolga9009/elgato-gchd needs firmware mb86h57_h58_idle.bin and mb86h57_h58_enc_h.bin - mini usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato HD60S Elgato Game Capture 4K60 S+ Video Capture 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|non uvc, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;August EZCap.tv model 116 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }} poor audio recording 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;E-SDS Diamond Maplin 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge 1212 HD PVR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }} analog and component only - PlayStation (.m2ts), AVCHD (ts), or XBox(.mp4) recording formats - switched the component output from the default YPbPr to RGB. 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge 1431 1445 HD PVR Gaming Edition HDMI Capture 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2014 not working, can get warm}}  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge HD Rocket 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge HD-PVR2 (model 145210 Rev E4) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xE502
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge 1480 1482 HD PVR 2 GE Gaming Edition HDMI Capture green LED - 1498 1503 1504 Plus version with Mac support 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xe514 0xe524
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| can get warm - [https://ez.analog.com/video/w/documents/581/adv7482-design-support-files ADV7482] [https://patchwork.kernel.org/patch/9201075/ video chip] with Magnum DXT H.264 encoder blob, IDR keyframe generation poor - best for model 157210 and not 157221 and Game Edition Plus (model 157320) 2040:E505 E505-00-00AF1234 [http://www.hauppauge.com/site/support/linux.html#tabs-3 ]}} 
* HDMI: 1920x1080p50/60, 1920x1080i50/60, 1280x720p50/60, 720x480i, 720x576i, 640x480p60.
* Component: 1920x1080p50/60, 1920x1080i50/60*, 1280x720p50/60, 720x480p60, 720x480i, 720x576i.
* Composite: 720x480i and 720x576i 
* Audio Inputs : HDMI PCM and RCA support with Adjustable Bitrate Quality 2 Channel AAC/AC3 audio codec 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge 1512 HD PVR 2 PC blue LED with optical in input on the back 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xe525
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }} can get quite warm - IR Blaster added - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge Colossus2 E585-00-00AF4321 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xe585
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ion SLIDES2PC 35mm Portable Slide &amp; Film Scanner 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ion Pics 2 PC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ION PowerScan USB film and slide scanner
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2011 not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Koolertron Sunny 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FilmScan35 35mm Film Negative Scanner 1304 marks spencer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;U3 HD Capture 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/openrazer/openrazer Razer Ripsaw HD] Game Capture (RZ20-01780100)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2017 not uvc put in usb2 slot and use video BGR3 (Emulated) and OpenRazer drivers }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Ripsaw HD USB HDMI Capture Card 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1532
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0d01
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2018 not uvc compliant}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Silvercrest 35mm Photo Slide Scanner 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc but not great quality}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Z-Star Microelectronics Corp. Traveler TV 6500 SF Dia-scanner
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0ac8
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3370
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2010 not uvc and poor scans}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
|}


=== WebAR + WebVR = WebXR Headset ===

 AROS needs an usb based uvc.class to vhi like type driver for virtual display 

The primary engineering challenge of VR is motion sickness caused by a mismatch of visual and inner ear information, which is extremely well established as causing people to throw up in a wide range of contexts outside of VR. The experiences that make some people sick are low framerate. Foveated rendering doesn't solve vergence accommodation. Your eye will still be focused at infinity regardless of where you are looking, you'll just have the illusion that the foreground or background are out of focus. Eye tracking plus dynamic lenses (perhaps liquid lenses) or real light fields are necessary. 

First start with apps that have simple static features at first, then advance to dioramasa and teleportation options for 10, 20 minutes and then gradually upgrade over a timespan of four weeks to train your brain. Avoid smooth motion stuff like rollercoaster or mountain heights until much later. Even with this preparation, VR makes 40% of people seasick nausea. If so, you may be able to use VR glasses just to watch videos and some slow moving apps [https://www.emuvr.net/ emuVR] instead.

*2014-2019 1st Gen, low resolution, 
*2020-2025 2nd Gen, higher resolution, 
*2026-

Most hardware typically has a 1-3 year retail lifespan with 1-3 years of updates after. Really need &quot;right&quot; tethered PCVR rather than wireless. 
The advantage to being tethered to a PC is processing power. Any standalone headset is going to be running purely off of batteries.

VR and AR are known as XR

Technology will get immersed enough so not making people sick. Higher resolution, faster frame rates, and [https://github.com/opentrack/opentrack better tracking]. 
Eventually, hyper reality brings VR, AR and MR digital layers together as a less chaotic, optic tracking with no delay, agents understanding, experiences with objects 

3Dgs 4Dgs gassian splats bullet time slice photo snaps .ply for WebXR 

[https://lvra.gitlab.io/docs/hardware/ ], 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Big Screen Beyond 1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 pcvr 2560 x 2560, fixed IPD,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;bigscreen Beyond 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 pcvr oled 5120 x 2560 @75Hz 2688x2688 @90Hz over pancake lenses, 116 FOV, virtual screens, custom facial plate from iphone app, streamvr 2.0 basestations and controllers not included, no passthrough, 107g-196g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;bigscreen Beyond 2e 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 pcvr oled 5120 x 2560 total up to 90Hz pancake lens 116 FOV adjustable IPD app needed for adjustment, eye tracking, custom face mask cushion, streamvr 2.0 basestations and controllers not included, seperate head strap and speaker modules extra costs, 110g-300g }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Dpvr P1 Pro 4k Ultra Vr Headset 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 wireless snapdragon, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DPVR P2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Play for Dream MR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 android modular 3840x3552 uoled per eye 90Hz or qled mura issues, Arm snapdragon XR2+ Gen 2, eye tracking and 11 cameras 7 sensors 22 ir leds 14ms latency and foveated rendering, 1.5hrs battery, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Play for Dream GravityXR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 ultralight head gear gx100 3w }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://lvra.gitlab.io/docs/community/ Valve Index HMD] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 tethered PC VR headset 1440 x 1600 120Hz, 108° and 104° FOV, fresnel lenses, SteamVR2 compatible tracking ir basestations, controllers aka Knuckles, dp 1.2 and usb3 cable proprietary cable end, no battery, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Valve Steam Frame (Valve Deckard / Valve’s Index 2) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 - 2160 x 2160 up to 144Hz pancake lens, 108° and 96° FOV, wifi 6 fovelated streaming, Qualcomm Snapdragon 8 Gen 3 with [https://github.com/FEX-Emu/FEX fex] arm-to-x86 x64 translation layer, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PSVR2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 PCVR with adapter, two, one for each eye, 2000 x 2040 resolution OLED panels from 90Hz 120Hz refresh rates,  fresnel lenses, 116° and 102° FOV, sony proprietary headset cable end, needs additional comfort options, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VisionPro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Goertek glasses 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive ?
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| 2016 2x 1080x1200 needs external power supply, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Original 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 108° and 96° FOV}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 , uvc, at least 2 powered steamvr basestations so 3 to 5 wall warts in total, proprietary cable end, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Pro 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2017 dual 1440x1600 oled displays, 116° and 100° FOV - steamvr 2.0 basestation 2 for 5m2 area 4 for 10m2 - steamvr 2.0 joypads - low latency wireless later - type USB-c headphone adapter required, [https://github.com/CertainLach/VivePro2-Linux-Driver Rust on Linux] with [https://github.com/santeri3700/vive-pro-2-on-linux Shell], proprietary cable end, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lynx R1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 android Qualcomm Snapdragon XR2 Gen 1, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lynx R2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2026 company liquidated, 2 x 2312x2160 110 FOV pancake lenses, LynxOS android Qualcomm Snapdragon XR2 Gen, openxr 1.1, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Oculus Rift prototype development kit [https://www.virtual-boy.com/forums/t/the-oculus-rift-dk1-thread/ DK1] with [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X_T4DJyy2Bo wired razer hydra controllers]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2013 pcvr LCD 1280 × 800 resolution 640 × 800 per eye up to 110° FOV, and 3DoF rotational tracking via a 1000Hz 9-axis IMU (Accelerometer, gyroscope, and magnetometer), no positional optical tracking either inside-out or outside-in, 380g, nausea issues, , }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Oculus Rift prototype development kit [https://github.com/facebookarchive/RiftDK2/tree/master DK2], [https://www.ifixit.com/Teardown/Oculus+Rift+Development+Kit+2+Teardown/27613 ifixit teardown] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2014 pcvr, 5.7&quot; Super AMOLED display with a resolution of 960 x 1080 per eye 100° field of view, 1 usb Positional Tracker DK2 camera, lots of wires}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Facebook [https://github.com/thaytan/OpenHMD/tree/rift-kalman-filter Oculus Rift CV1] [https://noraisin.net/diary/?m=202201 some Linux support] [] [https://github.com/OpenHMD/OpenHMD/issues/330 AMD usb issues] [https://github.com/OpenHMD/OpenHMD/wiki/Xorg ] [https://github.com/Doc-Ok/OculusRiftCV1Camera Live Video] [https://www.youtube.com/@thaytan Youtube] [https://github.com/Fredrum/riftOnLinux Pi] [https://github.com/OhioIon/riftDriverPi ], but not quite there with the [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DSsCN6HFkWc consumer CV1], [https://forum.dcs.world/topic/142259-cv1-not-working-in-dcs/#comment-2878168 orange led could be HDMI Signal is not within HDMI Spec and might be Overclocked or usb3 not getting enough power frustrating],  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3031, 0x2031, 0x0031 and 0x0211 for 3p-a basestations lighthouses, 0x045e 0x02e6 for xbox wireless adapter 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2016 powered run from your PC maybe uvc via wired dual PenTile OLED 2160x1200 (1080x1200 per eye) @ exactly 90Hz but screen door effect (space between pixels), 87 FOV, IPD from 58mm to 72mm, good 3D audio and okay mic, constellation headset 6DOF (3-axis rotational tracking + 3-axis positional tracking) with up to 3 usb infrared basestation (1 in front and 2 behind pointing upwards) on usb3 and usb2 to your PC but the tracking can be fragile so set it up on a weekly basis, wired only HDMI 1.3, USB 3.0 bus powered with proprietary plug in headset, 470g 1lb front heavy, 2 robust 1st Gen touch controllers with external sensors i.e. outside-in - 1 aa alkaline over rechargable battery each , press occulus and B buttons for 2 secs to connect, headset traps air so gets very warm inside and random disconnects due to twisting action on the top of the headset and/or cables, t4 torx screws }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Facebook Occulus Go 32Gb 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2018 discontinued 2020 android based, Qualcomm Snapdragon 821 chipset (quad kyro with Adreno 530 gpu 3Gb RAM), single 5.5-inch LCD 2560x1440 or 1280×1440 pixels per eye and a refresh rate of 72 or 60Hz, 100 deg viewing angle, no inside-out and limited self tracking, micro usb, limited 2600mAh battery lasts under 2 hours at best, one wireless controller, not for gaming but very casual use, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Facebook Oculus Rift S [https://noraisin.net/diary/?m=202201 some Linux support] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0051 headset (cdc, audio, tracking data), 0x2052 usb hub, 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2019 PCVR wired dual LCD 1080 by 1200, 88 horizontal FOV, display port (fibre optic strands) and annoying USB3 copper cables (power, audio and other data) but proprietary port in the headset, no battery, cameras on the headset (&quot;inside-out&quot;) tracking so no base stations, non removeable head band and cushions and ipd hard to set, requires specific fragile Rift S/Quest1 2nd Gen Touch controllers which has a ring of translucent plastic with leds inside - t5 torx to disassemble for sticks drifting}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Facebook Occulus Quest 1 v50 50.0.0.198.257.455911078 / 49845030443200410 
*032Gb
*064Gb
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0183 (single adb boot), 0x0
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2019 android standalone wireless, 1440 x 1600 72Hz oled, front heavy though, play area 2m x 2m or bigger, low clocked Qualcomm Snapdragon 835 (MSM8998) (4x Kryo 280 Gold A73) + (4x Kryo 280 Silver A53) adreno 540, 2 to 3 hrs play time, 3640mAh battery, 575g, 2nd Gen touch controllers, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meta Oculus Quest 2 KW49CM aka Codename Del Mar Hollywood [https://www.meta.com/en-gb/help/quest/967070027432609/ fragile 3rd Gen Touch controllers] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cgejky8ZeoM internal 3640mAh battery] and selling over 20 million, more than all other quest headsets combined 
*064Gb 
*128Gb (110Gb free) 
*256Gb 
Setup continuous wifi, create Meta Oculus account, [https://developers.meta.com/horizon/ verify dev account, click on My apps], [ create Organization -&gt; My Organization Groupings], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QPInS5xxF-0 finally, meta quest mobile app to switch on adb], 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x5010 (), 0x0083 (massstorage), 0x0086 (), 0x0186 (adb and xrsp [https://github.com/shinyquagsire23/xrsp_tests tests]), 0x0090 (composite adb), 0x0081 (), 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0419
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 android stand alone, lcd 1832x1920 per-eye 90Hz refresh rate, 97 FOV, fresnel lenses, 6DOF (degrees of freedom), 58-63-68 IPD settings, low clocked Arm snapdragon xr2 gen 1 (Kryo 585 octo 8core specific xr vr mr ar cpu, adreno 650 gpu and 3rd gen hexagon npu), b/w but no color passthrough, 6 t2 torx and 5 ph00 screws in headset (long bit), discontinued 2024, feature updates until December 2026, security updates until December 2027, 470g, Oculus + B button on right controller (move) and Menu + Y button on left controller (click) for about 3 seconds, 10W 5v 2a, RTL8153 chipset usb support, 
*V59 50670960048600150 
*V60 efuse OTP to prevent firmware bios reversal 
*V77 pcvr issues 
*V79 unable 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Facebook Occulus Quest Pro aka Codename Seacliff 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2022 android standalone wireless 1440 x 1600 72Hz oled, 106° and 96° FOV mini lcd local dimming, pancake lenses, limited eye tracking, play area 2m x 2m or bigger, higher clocked snapdragon xr2 gen 1 arm cpu Arm apps, 1 to 2 hrs play time, new pro controllers with 3 cameras each, 5300mAh battery at rear, wireless charging, color passthrough, 9V 3A or 5V 3A, 
*v77 capped wifi 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meta Oculus Quest 3 aka Codename Eureka [ Air Light ALVR] or [ WiVRn] with fragile touch plus q3 controllers 
*128Gb
*512Gb
streaming from PC with [https://github.com/alvr-org/Monado-ALVR ALVR], runtime of [https://monado.freedesktop.org/ Monado steamvr alternative openxr openVR], with Envision GUI, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 standalone, pancake lenses on lcd 2064 x 2208 res panel per eye 1200ppi - 104° and 96° FOV - up to 120Hz, Arm snapdragon xr2 gen 2 apps,  foveated rendering, Meta Link cable USB-C 3.2, headstrap clamshell or halo style, speaker arms fragile, color passthrough, 5000mAh battery, 510g, 18W 9v 2A or 15W 5V 3A, 
*v74 ok 
*v76 pcvr issues 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meta Quest 3S aka Codename Ventura Panther  
*128Gb
*256Gb
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 Arm snapdragon xr2 gen 2 cpu (6core ), lcd 1832 x 1920 fresnel lenses, 97 FOV, headphone arms fragile, better air flow, no promixity sensor inside, Meta Link cable USB-C 3.2, passthrough, 4300mAh battery, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meta Boba 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 ultra-wide 180° x 120° FOV, snapdragon XR2 G2,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meta Tiramisu 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027  µOLED displays with 90 pixels per degree,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax 5K Super Plus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax 8K
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2020  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax 8K-X 8KX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax Crystal Light 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 tethered to PC with 2160 x 2160 4k 120Hz, 115° and 96° FOV, inside-out tracking, no battery, display port cable, variable qc and customer service, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax Crystal Super 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 tethered to PC with 3640 x 3640 4k 90hz, 116°+ and 100° FOV,  eye tracking, inside-out tracking, no battery, display port cable, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax Dream Air with Lighthouse(s)  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 tethered 3840 by 3552 @90Hz micro oled with pancake lens, 100 HFOV 96 VFOV but FOV IPD changes in app, link box for headset 2 split y cables, removable face gasket, 290g, steamVR2 bases and controllers, eye tracking, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax Dream Air SLAM 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026  Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) tracking inside-out so no base stations,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://somniumspace.com/ Somnium VR One VR1] [https://portal.vrgineers.com/user-guide/software/ open source] VR headset
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 pcvr 2880 x 2880 per eye @90 @120Hz, 125° horizontal 100° vertical FOV, 2 x SteamVR 2.0 bases, passthrough, 900g }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Varjo Aero VR-1 Headset 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 psu needed, 2 x Mini LED binocular of 150 nits, 2880x2720 per, 90Hz, FOV 102° horizontal, 73° vertical, 720g with headstrap, 2 x SteamVR 2.0 basestations, no speakers/mic, hdmi and usb3.0}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Varjo Aero XR-3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Varjo Aero XR-4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Camelo La Melaza Music Shield 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2026 no usb only bluetooth ,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;InAir 2 elite suite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 ar  nits 46FOV , , 4h battery life, 80g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Oakley Vanguard 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RayNeo Air 3s 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 AR 100in 46FOV 650nits, usb-c 79g  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RayNeo Air 3S Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 AR 135in virtual display 46FOV 1200nits, usb-c 80g }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RayNeo Air 4 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 AR oled vision 4000 processing, HDR10, 47 FOV }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rokid Max 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 ar 147in 50 FOV 650nits, usb-c back left, 76g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rokid AI Spatial with Station 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 AR 600nits 147in 50FOV  75g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rokid 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| ar ai smart glass}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Viture Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 135in 46 FOV 1000nits, magnetic connector, 77g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VITURE XR Luma 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 ar 147in 1200p 50 FOV, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Viture Luma Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 152in 52 FOV 1000nits 1200p, 3dof, , 79g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Viture Luma Ultra 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 in  FOV, 2 cameras, 3dof 6dof,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/wheaney/XRLinuxDriver Viture Luma Pro] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Viture Beast 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 ar 1250nits 58FOV 174in, magnetic,  88g,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VITURE Beast X Glasses models (Immersive 3D Moonlight) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 based 2D to 3D conversion with support DP Alt Mode (DisplayPort over USB-C), 1200p, 3df tracking, practic lenses 58deg POV, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xreal One 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 ar 600nits, 50FOV, 3dof, usb-c 84g,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;XReal One Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 ar 700nits 57FOV 171in, usb-c, x1 3dof, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nreal now Xreal Air 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 , micro-oled 1080p, audio, virtual uvc ar displays, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nreal now Xreal Real3D 1S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 AI based 2D to 3D conversion 57 FOV, , virtual uvc ar displays not vr, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xiami XR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xtal 8k
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apple Vision Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2022 tethered AR mixed reality glasses,   3300ppi, 800g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Google XR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Focus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 standalone }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Focus Plus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 android with 2 1440 x 1600 75Hz amoled, inside-out, durable motion controllers, Vive port,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Pro EYE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2019 dual-OLED displays 2880 x 1600 combined resolution), SteamVR 2.0 tracking, foveated rendering, Tobii, it enables gaze-based menu navigation with avatar eye contact, proprietary cables, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vibe Cosmos 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2018  poor tracking and lifespan on controllers,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vibe Cosmos Elite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2020 1440x1700 per eye resolution, 90 Hz refresh rate, 6 DoF tracking, 2880 x 1700 combined pixel resolution, 97° FoV, two controllers and two base stations. Lighthouse tracking, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Focus Vision Wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Focus 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 per-eye resolution of 2448×2448 at 90 Hz, a 120-degree field of view, Qualcomm Snapdragon XR2 Gen 1,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive XR Elite VR Headset Deluxe Pack 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2022 snapdragon xr2 gen 1, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pico Goblin 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2017 android based, 2.5K 1280x1440 per eye @70Hz, 92° FoV, and 3DoF (three degrees of freedom) tracking (Orientation tracking only—yaw, pitch, roll), single controller, snapdragon 820, ipd adjustment 54-71 mm, 600g,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico G2 4K
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2020 android standalone VR headset, 3840 x 2160 (4K) LCD screen, Snapdragon 835 processor, 3DoF so rotational movement (looking around, pointing) rather than positional movement (walking, leaning), does not support hand or eye tracking, 800g }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico NEO 2 EYE
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2020 6DoF 360g snapdragon 845 display 4k 75Hz tracking inside-out - magnetic field for controllers - pico software on android 8 - eye tracking }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico Neo 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 Snapdragon XR2 Gen, 4K 3664 x 1920 90Hz lcd, battery at rear, displayport, Pico apparently emulates Oculus controllers, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico Neo 3 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico Neo 3 Link 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico 4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 2160x2160 panel per eye 75Hz 90Hz 105 FOV, Arm snapdragon xr gen 1, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico 4 ultra 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 2160 x 2160 @90 105 FOV, snapdragon XR2 G2, streaming from PC with alvr, wireless streaming from PC with WiVRn, Pico apparently emulates Oculus controllers, not plug and play, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico 5 aka Project Swan aka Vision Pro Competitor 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 micro-oled BOE 3840 x 3840 4000ppi per eye, MLA pancake lenses, custom pico arm cpu, pico os 6 android, eye and hand tracking, 300g,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung Galaxy XR VR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 3552 x 3840 @60-90 109 FOV , Arm snapdragon XR2+ Gen 2, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Shiftall MeganeX 8K 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 android  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://en.shiftall.net/products/meganex8k MeganeX Superlight 8K] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 android (3552 x 3840 pixels) into pixel count yields 27.27MP 10-bit HDR-compatible 4K resolution micro OLED panels @90Hz, pancake lenses 94 FOV, SteamVR™ tracking, 180g, 5V 2A, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://en.shiftall.net/products/meganex8kmk2 MeganeX 8K Mk2 MkII] [https://github.com/sboys3/CustomHeadsetOpenVR community] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 pcvr linux, 4K per eye (1.35inch micro OLED 3552x3840 10 bit HDR) 27MP @90Hz 75Hz 72Hz pancake, upto 108 hor 100 vert FOV, usb-c and dp cables to breakout box, 5V 2.1A, 200g}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Shiftall 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Shiftall 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acer Windows(TM) MR AH101 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 Dual 2.89” LCD panels 2880 x 1440 combined (1440 x 1440 per eye) Up to 90Hz (HDMI 2.0), or 60Hz (HDMI 1.4), Field of View FOV 95, Tracking Inside-out, lots of light leak, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acer H7001 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2017 wmr 1440 x 1440 per-eye resolution @90Hz refresh rate, and 100-degree field of view FOV, inside-out tracking with front-mounted cameras so no external sensors, flip-up visor design but has a &quot;screen door effect,&quot; subpar foam padding, win10 to win11 24H2,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Dell Visor Mixed Reality VRP100 VR118
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2017 2x 1440x1440 a bit of nose light leak }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fujitsu 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2017 cheap and lots of light leak }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/HadesVR HadesVR] with [https://github.com/ManoloMancelli/Persephone-Classic-Controller Persephone Controller]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HFaVjB1uNOM Persephone 3 Pro DiY 6Dof SteamVR Headset], 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HP Reverb G1 VR1000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 WMR 2160 x 2160 @90Hz, 115 FOV, , hp proprietary headset cable end, 2 camera tracking but poor and controllers can be unresponsive, 500g front heavy, flight sims rather than gaming,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HP 1440p Spatial Computing 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 dim display }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://forums.x-plane.org/forums/topic/294764-vr-in-linux-without-steam/ HP Reverb G2] WMR VR3000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2020 2 2160 x 2160 90Hz, needs Windows10 or Win 11 24H2, 4 camera tracking, controllers can be unresponsive, hp proprietary headset cable end, , }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HP 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mirage Solo is a Standalone VR headset
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 Qualcomm Snapdragon 835, 1280x1440 per eye resolution, 75 Hz refresh rate, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lenovo Explorer VR2511N (G0A2) VR windows mixed reality (WMR) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 LCD 2.89&quot; 1440 x 1440 per eye @90Hz, 6 DOF position tracking, 400g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/relativty/relativty open source relativty] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung MHD Odyssey XE800ZAA WMR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 9V 500mA oled screens 2x 1440x1600 with usb3 and hdmi cables but bluetooth dongle required }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung MHD Odyssey+ Plus WMR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 dual 3.5-inch AMOLED displays 2880 x 1600 total @90Hz, 6DOF inside-out tracking with usb3 and hdmi cables but bluetooth dongle required, use only win10 or win11 24H2,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PSVR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2016 2x 1080x960 up to 120Hz, lots of cables and computation brick, sony camera needed for tracking, ps4 or move controllers, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Virtuality 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|1992 , , Amiga 3000 with TI chips, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Virtuix Omni 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 VR treadmill changed course to commercial VR and pivotted back again 2020, }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


=== HDMI CEC transmitter and receiver ===

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


=== TV Remote Control MCE IR transmitter and receiver ===

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Compro K100 K300
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|need extra software support}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elitegroup Computer Systems
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1019
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0f38
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GMYLE MCE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|acts as usb-hid with limited keyboard like controls }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge WinTV-PVR kit
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Harmony 300 i300 600 650 800 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|need extra software support}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft MCE Commander 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2005 need extra software support}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft 1039 rev 1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2005 home top of square shape direction keys}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft 1039 rev 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2006 home under circle spaced direction keys}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft 1069 SMK Manufacturing, Inc
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0609
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0334 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2007 untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Philips RC1974506/00 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0471
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0815
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony RM-MCE10E PC REMOTE CONTROL VGN-AR21M VGX-XL100 VGN-AR21B/AR21S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony RM-MCE20E PC REMOTE CONTROL
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony RM-MCE30E PC REMOTE CONTROL VGN-AW21XY VGX-TP3E VGX-TP3G 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony RM-MCE50E PC REMOTE CONTROL VGC-LA2R 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TSDX-IR14 USB MCE Media Center External Infrared IR Receiver
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;chipsets support CIR (consumer IR) Winbond W83977F/AF, SMC IrCC 2.0 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|technical reasons it's not possible to use USB IrDA dongles}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zotac RC2604323/01G Zbox Media Remote Control with IR USB Receiver OVU710
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Anycubic Cobra 2 Max 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bambu Labs A1 Mini 3D printer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2019 EMS proprietary slicer app and cloud use, eSUN}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bambu Labs X1 Carbon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bambu Labs X2D 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creality K1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creality K2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creality 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elegoo 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lulzbot 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Prusa 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Qidi 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Snapmaker U1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 tool changer  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sovol SV08 Max
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| open source voron model, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;desktop pick and place machines AFARCO PNP running OpenPnP for Desktop SMT 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


==ethwrap.class - Host Data Link &quot;Cable Bridge&quot; for data transfer==

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Advance USBNET (eTEK design)
| 0x0525
| 0x9901
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| ALi Uli M5632 (chip)
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Aten (Ali Corporation) UN201
| 0x0402
| 0x5632
| 
| {{maybe|force binding from rawwarp to ethwrap}}
|-
| Belkin (eTek design see below)
| 0x050d
| 0x0004
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Digitus DN-3004 - USB Host Link
| 
| 
| 
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| EPSON USB client
| 0x0525
| 0x2888
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| eTEK
| 0x056c
| 0x8100
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| KC-190
| 0x050f
| 0x0190
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| GeneSys GL620USB
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no driver the half-duplex GL620USB is NOT supported, products using it include the Inland Pro USB Quick Link}}
|-
| GeneSys GL620USB-A
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Laplink Gold (uses NetChip 1080)
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Prolific 2301/2302 (Jaton USB ConNET) (BAFO DirectLinq) 
| 0x067b
| 0x0000 and 0x0001
| 0x0004
| {{maybe|detected but untested}}
|-
| Xircom PGUNET (uses AnchorChips 2720)
| 0x0547
| 0x2727
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}

==cdcacm.class - USB modem==

The CDC ACM driver exposes the USB modem as a virtual serial modem or a virtual COM port to the operating system. The driver enables sending both data and AT commands, either through ACM (separating data and AT commands over different channels) or through Serial Emulation (passing the AT commands as is and as part of the data stream).

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Alcatel OT-I650 
| 0x1bbb
| 0x0003
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Acatel Dymamode/Dynamite
| 0x06b9
| 0xa5a5
| 
| {{N/A|untested Zyxel Prestige 630-13 - untested PROLiNK Hurricane 8000 external link }}
|-
| AnyData ADU-100A ADU-E100A ADU-E100D ADU-E100H D10
| 0x16d5
| 0x6501
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| AnyData ADU-310
| 0x16d5
| 0x650
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| AnyData ADU-500A ADU-510A ADU-510L ADU-520A
| 0x16d5
| 0x6502
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| AnyData ADU-610 ADU-620
| 0x16d5
| 0x650
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| BT On-Air USB MODEM 
| 0x079b
| 0x000f
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Conexant USB MODEM CX93010 
| 0x0572
| 0x1321
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Conexant USB MODEM RD02-D400 
| 0x0572
| 0x1324
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Conexant Chipset 
| 0x06ea
| 0x0002
| 
| {{N/A|untested AUS N367 Roadster II 56 USB (Model AM5050R3) - untested }}
|-
| [http://accessrunner.sourceforge.net/ Conexant AccessRunner]
| 0x0586
| 0x330a
| 
| {{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Creative Modem Blaster USB DE5670
| 0x1690
| 0x0101
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| FIREFLY, MediaTek Inc
| 0x0e8d
| 0x0003
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Huawei E122
| 0x12d1
| 0x1446
| 
| {{yes|works}} [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?post_id=49126#forumpost49126]
|-
| Huawei E160, E160E, E160G
| 0x12d1
| 0x1003
| 
|{{yes|works}} [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?post_id=51888#forumpost51888] (Chipset: Qualcomm MSM6246)
|-
| Huawei E169 also known as Vodafone K3715 and Huawei K3715 
| 0x12d1
| 0x1001
| 
|{{yes|works}} [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?topic_id=4941&amp;forum=4&amp;post_id=44683#forumpost44683] (Chipset: Qualcomm MSM7200)
|-
| Huawei E220 &quot;Vodafone EasyBox II&quot; &quot;T-Mobile wnw Box Micro&quot; also known as Huawei K3565 
| 0x12d1
| 0x1003
|
| {{yes|works, see E169 above (Chipset: Qualcomm MSM6280)}}
|-
| Huawei E1750
| 0x12d1
| 0x1001
| 
| {{N/A|untested (Chipset: Qualcomm MSM6290)}}
|-
| Huawei E170, E172, E176 
| 0x12d1
| 0x1003
| 
| {{N/A|untested (Chipset: Qualcomm MSM7200)}}
|-
| Huawei E180
| 0x12d1  
| 0x1406
| 
| {{yes|Works (Chipset: Qualcomm MSM7200)}}
|-
| KYOCERA AH-K3001V 
| 0x0482
| 0x0203
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| LG CU515
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| MediaTek Inc GPS 
| 0x0e8d
| 0x3329
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Metricom GS Modem 
| 0x0870
| 0x0001
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Motorola MOTOMAGX phones 
| 0x22b8
| 0x6425
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Motorola Q Phone 
| 0x22b8
| 0x7000
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Hummingbird huc56s (Conexant) 
| 0x0572
| 0x1329
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Netcomm Roadster II 128 ISDN
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Nokia n70 N95 HSDPA
| 
| 
| 
| {{yes|works - see [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?start=0&amp;topic_id=4415&amp;viewmode=flat&amp;order=ASC here]}}
|-
| OGO
| 0x045E
| 0x0079
| 0090
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Olitec ADSL Modem V2 
| 0x08e3
| 0x0100 / 0x0102
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onda PT502HS 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x19D2
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0001
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Radicom V92HU-E2
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung i8510 Innov8 Symbian smartphone
| 0x04e8
| 0x6651
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{yes|works}} [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?start=0&amp;topic_id=5552&amp;viewmode=flat&amp;order=ASC&amp;type=&amp;mode=0] 
|-
| Samsung Tocco Lite (aka GT-S5230)
| 0x04e8
| 0x6795
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{yes|works}} [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?start=0&amp;topic_id=5552&amp;viewmode=flat&amp;order=ASC&amp;type=&amp;mode=0] 
|-
| Shiro / Aztech USB MODEM UM-3100 
| 0x0572
| 0x1328
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| ZyDAS 56K USB MODEM 
| 0x0ace
| 0x1602
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| ZyDAS 56K USB MODEM 
| 0x0ace
| 0x1608
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| ZyDAS 56K USB MODEM - new version 
| 0x0ace
| 0x1611
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Zoom Telephonics Model 3095F USB MODEM 
| 0x0803
| 0x3095
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Ugobe Pleo
| 0x6962
| 0x0100
| 0x0100
| {{Yes|Works}}
|}


==Misc==

palmpda.class - no [http://aminet.net/package/util/libs/PdaLinkPoseidon pdalink.library and tools] in AROS 

 Palm PDA (discontinued) synchronisation requires a port of pdalink.library and its tools through virtual usbpalm.device.

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Palm IIIx (OS3.1) serial rs-232 only
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Palm IIIc (OS3.5)
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Palm V
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Palm m100
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Palm m125 first USB - last with aaa batteries
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Palm m500 (OS4)
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Tungsten T (OS5) first arm cpu 
| 0x
| 0x
| 0x
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Zire 31 (OS 5.28) color arm-based
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| [[:w:Handspring (company)|Handspring Visor]] – USB support out of box
|
|
|
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Handspring Treo 600 – last one for [[:w:Handspring (company)|Handspring]] 
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Treo 700w
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
|}


bluetooth.class - needs Bluetooth (Viking King Harald &quot;Bluetooth&quot; Gormsson (Old Norse: Haraldr Blátǫnn Gormsson; Danish: Harald Blåtand Gormsen) stack to work (not written due to licensing fees to use the symbol merging the Younger Futhark runes for H (ᚼ) and B (ᛒ), representing Harald's initials)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
|}


ccid.class - Chip/Smart Card Interface Devices (not implemented)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;cyberJack RFID basis
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0C4B
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x9102
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0001
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}


dfu.class - DFU firmware upgrade
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iPhone 3, 4, 5, 5c 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x05ac
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1290 0x1292 0x1294
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 32bit use with caution could cause damage}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iPhone 5s, 6, 7, 8, X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x05ac
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 64bit use with caution could cause damage}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio/Midiman USB audio
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iPad 1, iPad 2 A1395 A1430, iPad 3, ipad mini A1432, iPad A1458 4th Gen (MD512LL/A),  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008-2013 32bit A4, A5 up to Apple A6X, iOS 1 to 10, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iPad Air (1st generation) A1474, A1475, A1476, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014-2015 [https://github.com/AsahiLinux 64bit], A7, iOS 11 up to 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 64bit A8, A8X, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 64bit A9, A9X, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 64bit A10, A10X, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 64bit A11 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iPad Air 3rd Gen A2153, A2123, A2154, iPad Mini 5th Gen, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 64bit A12 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


RocketTool (USB Rocket Launchers - Toy missile launchers)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;3px&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Original Launcher and StrikerII (includes laser)
| 0x1130
| 0x0202
| 
| {{yes|works }}
|-
| Dream Cheeky USB Missile Launcher or USB Cirus Cannon
| 0x1941
| 0x8021
| 
| {{no|no driver }}
|-
| Dream Cheeky USB Webcam Missile Launcher
| 0x1941
|
| 
| {{no|no driver }}
|-
| Rocket Baby
| 0x0a81
| 0x0701
| 
| {{no|no driver }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


DRadioTool (FM Radios - USB radio devices D-Link/Gemtek)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| D-Link DSB-R100 USB 
| 0x04b4
| 0x1002
| 0x0410
| {{yes|works }}
|-
| [http://www.neoseeker.com/forums/383/t257009-link-usb-dru-r100-radio/ GemTek USB FM Radio 21]
| 0x04b4
| 0x1002
| 
| {{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


UproarTool (Valencia MPX mp3 player and others)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;3px&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Korean D Square Valencia MPX-Player
| 0x04e8
| various
| 
| {{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}


{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>s4obef8uzsfpcx66mav44jwcv0sra5u</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>How to Wheelie</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>217437</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4680055</id>
      <parentid>4571224</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-04T20:04:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>~2026-58679-50</username>
        <id>3630425</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Bicycle wheelie */</comment>
      <origin>4680055</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4030" sha1="64kjxwfqyuiopdo8daq63g7332m7edk" xml:space="preserve">&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-overlay&quot; heights=&quot;300&quot;&gt;
File:David A. Honey, Deputy Under Secretary of Defense.jpg|alt=
&lt;/gallery&gt;
In vehicle acrobatics, a '''wheelie''' is a vehicle maneuver in which the front wheel or wheels come off the ground due to extreme torque being applied to the rear wheel or wheels.  Wheelies are usually associated with bicycles and motorcycles, but can be done with other vehicles, such as cars.
{{TOCright}}
==Bicycle wheelie==
Have been a trip locally the thanks about the how to wheelie has not really been thank you giving a thank would have to think when i was about that age I was already pulling up on.

Probably about the age I was to think that lifting it up would play a part in the tuxedo trap in my shoes my feet where not the kind of times I have to not say thank you will create a higher than bigger this time I had it small only people can make a better place to put that thinks thinking small could make it a bigger day on that higher changes in the last couples minutes are turns thank you.

Than say anyone think that you can make it to the top without the battle of that change when it occurs at the end without a total of falling can create a change in anyone think it can help without lines that have been changing it occurs thank you no edit.

===Distant wheels===
Its a covered up cage but you cant even see it might have stood you out but thanks to that we have found a push or a how to wheelie situation this with that cover up than no when you say its a no thank you if you can do help in that fill in a cup of water than you might learn by the end of this. Wheels what I have not learned yet thank then think I can make a trip on than you go and come back will make a ramp will you trust that will make a mad conversation. Think what you can do before you can giving you a big corner thanks I cant give you.

Will go on that ramp if you do not than when you are thankfully when I am about to tell you what I am doing. Will make that roll when you come down that will be quiet when you think about hopefully will do what you can when where were there not until your turn does that what will see apply. 

===Corners===
You when your leaving make sure to can do you a favor thanks that all I am doing the best I can do the best thank you I give back, BACK!

When that will be is there going to be a use of safety the rules are right there I just want to touch it but when I touch it does not make me in that I could of touched it in danger than a danger with my how to wheelie phase one was that on that day but my heart came to the bottom have you been there than think that was not the mission coming you coming. Was that coming.  

===Safety===
Boots camping on a round that camp was to make the fire before we learn that we have not learning that commented that was going to make us all fall I could not be come from that word that cant come to my minding business was the reason I had to stay off the computer for the last time I come could you even be elsewhere with that annoying the whole safety of your headphones if you are plugged in to this more often than usually runs over a time in the US. 

==Motorcycle wheelie==
[[Image:Wheelieatcadwell.jpg|thumb|A motorcycle wheelie on a closed track.]]
[[Image:Bikesedi-1150402469.can.ogg|thumb|left|Motorcycle popping a wheelie. Video.]]
A wheelie is also a common motorcycle trick. The principle is the same as the [[#Bicycle wheelie|bicycle wheelie]], but the throttle and rear-brakes are used to control the wheelie. On more powerful motorcycles (usually above 500 cc) the front wheel is lifted into the air by accelerating, but on smaller bikes the clutch may be used and/or &quot;bouncing&quot; the forks (using the rider's weight to compress the front suspension, so that the recoil will help lift the front wheel on accelerating).
{{clr}}

{{Wikipedia|Stoppie}}
{{Wikipedia|Bicycle and motorcycle dynamics}}{{Wikipedia|Motorcycle stunt riding}}
{{Shelves|Outdoor recreation|Motorcycles}}
{{Alphabetical|H}}
{{Status|25%}}
{{Booklet}}</text>
      <sha1>64kjxwfqyuiopdo8daq63g7332m7edk</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4680056</id>
      <parentid>4680055</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-04T20:06:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kittycataclysm</username>
        <id>3371989</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Rollback 1 edit by [[Special:Contributions/~2026-58679-50|~2026-58679-50]]: Vandalism</comment>
      <origin>4029720</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6097" sha1="a0af03rw2k592hb2gag26renhhpd35r" xml:space="preserve">&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-overlay&quot; heights=&quot;300px&quot;&gt;
Image:Motor cycle stunt2 amk.jpg|{{Book title|{{BOOKNAME}}|}}
&lt;/gallery&gt;
In vehicle acrobatics, a '''wheelie''' is a vehicle maneuver in which the front wheel or wheels come off the ground due to extreme torque being applied to the rear wheel or wheels.  Wheelies are usually associated with bicycles and motorcycles, but can be done with other vehicles, such as cars.
{{TOCright}}
==Bicycle wheelie==
To perform a wheelie on a bicycle, put the bike in low gear and pedal forward while pulling hard on the handlebars. This can most easily be done from a slow roll.  While the front wheel is in the air, the wheelie can be controlled by maintaining an upright posture and leaning to control balance - do not hunch over the handlebars. For added control, pulling the rear brake can prevent falling backward.

A wheelie can be maintained indefinitely by finding a balance between amount of rear brake and pedaling force. It is possible to hold the rear brake on constantly with very small adjustments in pressure relating to how hard the rider is pedaling. This gives a more stable feeling as the balance point is more consistent. To return the front wheel to the ground, lean forward and gently squeeze the back brake if needed. Ensure the wheel is straight upon return to the ground, or control of the bike may be lost.

Once the wheelie has been conquered the manual wheelie can be attempted. This is the same as a wheelie but without pedaling. The bike is balanced by the rider's weight and sometimes use of the rear brake.

===Distance wheelies===
To travel farther on the back wheel of a bicycle, the rider must put the bike into a higher gear with the body weight leaned forward (over the handle bars if needed) and the stronger foot highest in the pedaling cycle. The rider kicks hard with the stronger foot, throw all their weight backwards and lands their backside on the seat, then straighten out the arms and put weight and tension on them. The rider keeps pedaling, and when the wheelie feels too high up, feathers the back brake slightly.

To lower the &quot;balance point&quot;,  put the saddle higher up, which will mean that the &quot;maximum height&quot; of the wheelie is brought down, and it will also be more comfortable to go for long distances on the back wheel. There is a skill to being able to stop on the back wheel, and then keep going more slowly, this can be done by striking a balance between the back brake and the pedaling.

===Corners===
It is possible to navigate corners while doing a wheelie and requires much the same inputs as cornering on two wheels. When approaching the turn it is best to look through the turn towards the exit as a bike goes where the rider looks.

Turning the bars in the direction the rider wants to go is the initial stage and only requires minimal movement, couple this with slightly shifting upper body weight (mainly head and shoulders) again in the direction of the turn and the bike should start to lean over and turn. This is not an easy maneuver because the bike now is very biased as to which side it wants to fall over on to. Concentration is needed to keeping the wheel off the ground and countering the sideways balance. Turning the bars opposite to the desired direction and shifting body weight to the outside will help keep the bike on a smooth path around the turn.

===Safety===
Leaning back too far (i.e. as a result of pedaling too hard) will cause the bike to rotate out from under the rider. Although most riders will instinctively hit the ground running, practice recovering from this event before attempting an actual wheelie.  Balancing left to right can easily be controlled in the air by moving the knees and handlebars back and forth.

Injury can be avoided by keeping speeds down and/or learning to use the rear brake.  However, higher speeds, counter-intuitively, are often necessary to master the wheelie as the effects of gyroscopic stabilization of the more quickly spinning wheels increase side to side control.  For this reason, beginners attempting wheelies on bicycles should tune up their rear brakes and aim for an 12–18&amp;nbsp;km/h (8-12&amp;nbsp;mph) wheelie for maximum safety. Although a wheelie or manual can be easily achieved without the use of the back brake it is always recommended that the lever is covered. Never have the entire fist closed around the bars because if the balance point starts to become to far back there will not be enough time to grab the brake and at that point the rider may fall off backwards. A grip is needed on the bars so only one or at the most two fingers are required to use the back brake lever. The seat height will determine the outcome of going over the back, the higher the seat the harder it is to land on the feet.

Beginners should use a low seat height until comfortable with the balance point and back brake. It is harder to maintain speed with a low seat height so wheelies may be short but once comfortable raising the seat height will make the front wheel more eager to come up and make maintaining speed a lot easier. It will also make the balance point easier to fine tune as there is more weight above the back wheel to move back and forth.

==Motorcycle wheelie==
[[Image:Wheelieatcadwell.jpg|thumb|A motorcycle wheelie on a closed track.]]
[[Image:Bikesedi-1150402469.can.ogg|thumb|left|Motorcycle popping a wheelie. Video.]]
A wheelie is also a common motorcycle trick. The principle is the same as the [[#Bicycle wheelie|bicycle wheelie]], but the throttle and rear-brakes are used to control the wheelie. On more powerful motorcycles (usually above 500 cc) the front wheel is lifted into the air by accelerating, but on smaller bikes the clutch may be used and/or &quot;bouncing&quot; the forks (using the rider's weight to compress the front suspension, so that the recoil will help lift the front wheel on accelerating).
{{clr}}

{{Wikipedia|Stoppie}}
{{Wikipedia|Bicycle and motorcycle dynamics}}{{Wikipedia|Motorcycle stunt riding}}
{{Shelves|Outdoor recreation|Motorcycles}}
{{Alphabetical|H}}
{{Status|25%}}
{{Booklet}}</text>
      <sha1>a0af03rw2k592hb2gag26renhhpd35r</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Aros/User/Applications</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>237399</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4680068</id>
      <parentid>4679280</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-04T21:24:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jeff1138</username>
        <id>301139</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>4680068</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="245760" sha1="23a8gk3k8i3qis4d2qjj15fmmpmqfqi" xml:space="preserve">
==Introduction==


[[#Graphical Image Editing Art]]
[[#Office Application]]
[[#Audio]]

[[#Misc Application]]
[[#Games &amp; Emulation]]

[[#Application Guides]]

[[#top|...to the top]]


[[#top|...to the top]]

Most apps can be opened on the Workbench (aka publicscreen pubscreen) which is the default display option but can offer a custom one set to your configurations (aka custom screen mode promotion). These custom ones tend to stack so the possible use of A-M/A-N method of switching between full screens and the ability to pull down screens as well 

If you are interested in creating or porting new software, see [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Aros/Developer/Docs here]

{|  class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|- 
!width:30%;|Internet Applications 
!width:10%;|AROS(x86)
!width:10%;|Commodore-Amiga OS 3.1 (68k)
!width:10%;|Hyperion OS4(PPC)
!width:10%;|MorphOS(PPC)
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Web Online Browser [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=network/browser Amelinium], Odyssey 2.0, [https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=1175&amp;highlight=odyssey&amp;rowstart=100 Odyssey 3.0], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://juen.in/ Amelinium], [https://blog.alb42.de/programs/amifox/ amifox] with [https://github.com/alb42/wrp wrp server], IBrowse*, [https://github.com/zapek/Voyager Voyager], [https://github.com/reinauer/Voyager Voyager fork GCC] [https://github.com/amigazen/aweb3/ AWeb 3.6 src], [https://github.com/matjam/aweb AWeb Src], [http://aminet.net/package/comm/www/NetSurf-m68k-sources Netsurf], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[ Odyssey OWB], [ Timberwolf (Firefox port 2011)], [http://amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?forum=32&amp;topic_id=32847 OWB-mui], [http://strohmayer.org/owb/ OWB-Reaction], IBrowse*, [http://os4depot.net/index.php?function=showfile&amp;file=network/browser/aweb.lha AWeb], Voyager, [http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=network/browser Netsurf], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Wayfarer, [http://fabportnawak.free.fr/owb/ Odyssey OWB], [ Netsurf], IBrowse*, AWeb, [], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Downloading videos and/or audio [https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp yt-dlp], [https://clipgrab.org/ clipgrab],  
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[], [https://blog.alb42.de/amitube/ Amitube], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://blog.alb42.de/amitube/ Amitube], [ smtube], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[https://blog.alb42.de/amitube/ Amitube], getVideo, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[ ytsearch], [https://blog.alb42.de/amitube/ Amitube], [ getVideo], Tubexx 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;E-mailing SMTP POP3 IMAP based 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;Emailinium, [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=network/email SimpleMail], [http://sourceforge.net/projects/simplemail/files/ src], [https://github.com/jens-maus/yam YAM] 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Emailinium, [http://sourceforge.net/projects/simplemail/files/ SimpleMail], [https://github.com/jens-maus/yam YAM]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;SimpleMail, YAM, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt; SimpleMail, YAM, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Internet Chat IRC, ICB, 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=network/chat WookieChat], [https://sourceforge.net/projects/wookiechat/ Wookiechat src], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=network/chat AiRcOS], Jabberwocky, 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/charabaruk/WookieChat Wookiechat], AmIRC 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;Wookiechat 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=5 Wookiechat], [ AmIRC], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Instant Messaging IM like [https://github.com/BlitterStudio/amidon Hollywood lang based Mastodon client], BlueSky AT protocol, Facebook(TM), Twitter X (TM), Bitlbee IRC Gateway and others 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/kaffeine1/telegram-amiga telegram-amiga], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=network/chat jabberwocky], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://amitwitter.sourceforge.net/ AmiTwitter], CLIMM, SabreMSN, [https://sourceforge.net/projects/ajabberwocky/ jabberwocky], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://amitwitter.sourceforge.net/ AmiTwitter], SabreMSN,
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://amitwitter.sourceforge.net/ AmiTwitter], [http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=5 PolyglotNG], SabreMSN,
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Torrents 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=network/p2p ArTorr], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;CTorrent, Transmission 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;MLDonkey, Beehive, [http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=5 Transmission], CTorrent, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;FTP 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/BlitterStudio/dopus5 Dopus5 Magellan], MarranoFTP, [https://aminet.net/package/comm/tcp/wput-0.3.4c.i386-aros wput i386 c src]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/BlitterStudio/dopus5 Dopus5 Magellan], [http://aminet.net/package/comm/tcp/AmiFTP AmiFTP], AmiTradeCenter, ncFTP, [https://aminet.net/package/comm/tcp/sana2-tftpclient sana2 tftpclient c src]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[https://github.com/BlitterStudio/dopus5 Dopus5 Magellan], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[https://github.com/BlitterStudio/dopus5 Dopus5 Magellan], [http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=5 Pftp], [http://aminet.net/package/comm/tcp/AmiFTP-1.935-OS4 AmiFTP], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;WYSIWYG Web Site Editor
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Internet Radio Streaming Audio [http://www.gnu.org/software/gnump3d/ gnump3d], [http://www.icecast.org/ Icecast2] Server (Broadcast) and Client (Listen), [ mpd], [http://darkice.sourceforge.net/ DarkIce], [http://www.dyne.org/software/muse/ Muse], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=audio/misc], Mplayer (Icecast Client only), 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/sandlbn/TuneFinder TuneFinder C Src], [https://github.com/sandlbn/TuneFinderMUI TuneFinderMUI], [http://amigazeux.net/anr/ AmiNetRadio], [https://github.com/boingball/MintAMP MintAMP], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.tunenet.co.uk/ Tunenet], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Mplayer, AmiNetRadio, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;VoIP (Voice over IP) with SIP Client (Session Initiation Protocol) or Asterisk IAX2 Clients Softphone (skype like) 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;AmiPhone with Speak Freely, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Weather Forecast 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://sourceforge.net/projects/zunetools/files/ WeatherBar], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/workbench AWeather], []
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://amigazeux.net/wetter/ Wetter], [https://github.com/emartisoft/AmiWeatherForecasts AmiWeatherForecasts src], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://os4depot.net/?function=showfile&amp;file=utility/workbench/flipclock.lha FlipClock], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://amigazeux.net/wetter/ Wetter], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Street Road Maps Route Planning GPS Tracking  
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://blog.alb42.de/programs/muimapparium/ MuiMapparium] [https://build.alb42.de/ Build of MuiMapp versions], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;AmiAtlas*, UKRoutePlus*, [http://blog.alb42.de/ AmOSM], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://blog.alb42.de/programs/mapparium/ Mapparium], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Clock and Date setting from the internet by network time protocol (NTP) [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/ World Clock], [http://www.time.gov/ old standard NIST Internet Time Servers], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/bohunamiga/PiNTP PiNTP], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=utility/workbench/amitimekeeper.i386-aros.lha amitimekeeper with c src], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=network/misc ntpsync], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;ntpsync, [http://aminet.net/package/util/cdity/AmiTimeKeeper amitimekeeper], [http://aminet.net/comm/misc/netclock netclock], [https://aminet.net/package/comm/net/sntp sntp], [http://aminet.net/package/util/time/ScreenTime ScreenTime], [https://github.com/reinauer/SyncTime SyncTime], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Newsgroups
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://newscoaster.sourceforge.net/ Newscoaster], [https://github.com/jens-maus/newsrog NewsRog], [ WorldNews], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;RSS 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/Team-Boingo/AmiRSS AmiRSS src]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;AI
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/murinsel/AmigaAI Claude], [https://github.com/geekychris/amiga_mcp AI on host machine], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;BBS
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|}

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Commercial product.


==Graphical Image Editing Art==
{|  class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|- 
!width:30%;|Image Editing
!width:10%;|AROS(x86)
!width:10%;|Commodore-Amiga OS 3.1(68k)
!width:10%;|Hyperion OS4(PPC)
!width:10%;|MorphOS(PPC)
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Pixel Raster Artwork [https://github.com/LibreSprite/LibreSprite LibreSprite based on GPL aseprite], [https://github.com/abetusk/hsvhero hsvhero], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://sourceforge.net/projects/zunetools/files/ZunePaint/ ZunePaint], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/edit LunaPaint], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/edit GrafX2], [ LodePaint needs OpenGL], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://www.amigaforever.com/classic/download.html PPaint], GrafX2, [https://github.com/grovdata/Amiga_Sources/blob/master/software.md DeluxePaint], [http://www.amiforce.de/perfectpaint/perfectpaint.php PerfectPaint], Zoetrope, Brilliance2*, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/edit LodePaint], GrafX2, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Sketch, Pixel*, GrafX2, [http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=3 LunaPaint]
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Image viewing 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://sourceforge.net/projects/zunetools/files/ ZuneView], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/viewer LookHere], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/viewer LoView], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/viewer PicShow] , [http://amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?mode=viewtopic&amp;topic_id=31400&amp;forum=32&amp;start=80&amp;viewmode=flat&amp;order=0#583458 Picture Album], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;PicShow, PicView, Photoalbum,
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;WarpView, PicShow, flPhoto, Thumbs, [http://amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?mode=viewtopic&amp;topic_id=31400&amp;forum=32&amp;start=80&amp;viewmode=flat&amp;order=0#583458 Picture Album], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=3 ShowGirls], [http://amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?mode=viewtopic&amp;topic_id=31400&amp;forum=32&amp;start=80&amp;viewmode=flat&amp;order=0#583458 Picture Album]
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Photography retouching / Image Manipulation like Photoshop(tm)  
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ PhotoCraft], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/edit RNOEffects], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[ Tecsoft Video Paint aka TVPaint], Photogenics*, ArtEffect*, ImageFX*, XiPaint, fxPaint, ImageMasterRT, Opalpaint, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;WarpView, flPhoto, [http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/edit Photocrop]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=3 ShowGirls], ImageFX*, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Manage RAW picture folder galleries like Darktable, RAWtherapy, etc 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt; [ LightCraft], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Graphic Format Converter - ICC profile support sRGB, Adobe RGB, XYZ and linear RGB 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;GraphicsConverter, ImageStudio, [http://www.coplabs.org/artpro.html ArtPro]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Thumbnail Generator [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://sourceforge.net/projects/zunetools/files/ ZuneView], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/shell Thumbnail Generator]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Icon Editor
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/iconedit Archives], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/workbench Icon Toolbox], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/iconedit IconEditor]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;2D Pixel Art Animation 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;Lunapaint
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;PPaint, AnimatED, Scala*, GoldDisk MovieSetter*, Walt Disney's Animation Studio*, ProDAD*, [https://github.com/historicalsource/DeluxePaint DeluxePaint src], Brilliance
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=3 Titler] 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;2D SVG based MovieSetter type [https://github.com/Flare-Animate/Flare Flare Animate] 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;MovieSetter*, Fantavision*
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Morphing 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ GLMorph]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;2D Cad (qcad-&gt;LibreCAD, etc.) 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Xcad, MaxonCAD
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;3D Cad like FreeCad, BRL-CAD, OpenSCAD, AvoCADo, [ cadcraft], [https://github.com/ingelibre/ingetrazo ingetrazo] etc. using dxf, obj (vertices), blend, 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/aros-development-team/ports/tree/master/graphics SolidCraft], [https://github.com/tangency-labs/solidcraft solidcraft in AROS ports], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;XCad3d*, DynaCADD*, [https://aminet.net/package/gfx/3d/Cycas178_EN Cycas]*, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;3D Model Rendering of glft (json) gbl (png jpg), usdz (USD files with materials, textures, and animations), FBX Filmbox is a proprietary Autodesk format, 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;POV-Ray
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://www.discreetfx.com./amigaproducts.html CINEMA 4D]*, POV-Ray, [https://eab.abime.net/showthread.php?t=123609 Lightwave3D RTG]*, Real3D*, Caligari24*, Reflections/Monzoom*, [https://github.com/privatosan/RayStorm Raystorm src], Tornado 3D, [https://github.com/AlphaPixel/Eric-Graham-1987-Juggler-Raytracer-1.0 Eric-Graham-1987-Juggler-Raytracer-1.0]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;Blender, POV-Ray, Yafray
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Blender, POV-Ray, Yafray
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;3D Format Converter [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=graphics/convert/ 3doc.i386-aros], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=showfile&amp;file=graphics/convert/ivcon.lha IVCon]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Screen grabbing display 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ Screengrabber], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/misc snapit], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=video/record screen recorder], []
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Grab graphics music from apps [https://github.com/Malvineous/ripper6 ripper6], [],
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Manage metadata of images [https://github.com/exiv2/exiv2 exiv2], [ EXIF/IPTC/XMP metadata manipulation], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|}

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Commercial product.

[[#top|...to the top]]

==Office Application==
{|  class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|- 
!width:30%;|Office
!width:10%;|AROS (x86)
!width:10%;|[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amiga_software Commodore-Amiga OS 3.1] (68k)
!width:10%;|[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AmigaOS_4 Hyperion OS4] (PPC)
!width:10%;|[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MorphOS MorphOS] (PPC)
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Office Suite 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[ Softwood Final Office], [ Wordworth Office], [ Digita Office],  [ The Works!], [ Europress Mini Office], [], [ Papyrus Office Demo], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[ Papyrus Office], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Word-processing 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ WordCraft], [https://finalwriter.godaddysites.com/ Final Writer 7*], [https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=1995&amp;rowstart=20&amp;pid=12668#post_12668 Slovo], [https://github.com/sodero/MUI-Vim/releases MUI-Vim], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=office/wordprocessing Cinnamon Writer], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS--&gt;[ Softwood FinalCopy II*], Haage AmigaWriter*, Digita WordWorth*, Softwood FinalWriter*, Micro-Systems Excellence 3*, Arnor Protext, Rashumon, [ InterWord], [ KindWords], [WordPerfect], [ New Horizons Flow], [ CygnusEd Pro], [ Micro-systems Scribble], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;AbiWord, [ CinnamonWriter], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[ Cinnamon Writer], [http://www.meta-morphos.org/viewtopic.php?topic=1246&amp;forum=53 scriba], [http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/index.php Papyrus Office], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Spreadsheets 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ GridCraft], [https://blog.alb42.de/programs/leu/ Leu], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=office/spreadsheet ], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS--&gt;[https://aminet.net/package/biz/spread/ignition-src Ignition Src 1.3], [MaxiPlan 500 Plus], [OXXI Plan/IT v2.0 Speadsheet], [ Superplan], [ Creative Developments TurboCalc], [ ProCalc], [ InterSpread], [Digita DGCalc], [ Gold Disk Advantage], [ Micro-systems Analyze!]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;Gnumeric, [https://ignition-amiga.sourceforge.net/ Ignition], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[ ignition], [http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php Papyrus Office], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Presentations
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ DeckCraft], [http://www.hollywoood-mal.com/ Hollywood]*, 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://www.hollywoood-mal.com/ Hollywood]*, [https://github.com/evaneykelen/mediapoint-amiga MediaPoint C and asm], PointRider, Scala*, 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS4--&gt;[http://www.hollywoood-mal.com/ Hollywood]*, PointRider 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://www.hollywoood-mal.com/ Hollywood]*, PointRider
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Databases 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=office/database BeeBase], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Precision Superbase 4 Pro*, Arnor Prodata*, [https://sourceforge.net/projects/beebase/ BeeBase], Datastore, FinalData*, AmigaBase, Fiasco, Twist2*, [Digita DGBase], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;BeeBase, SQLite, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=6 BeeBase], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;PDF Viewing, editing and digital signatures 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/tomaszstaniak/aros-foliopdf folio version of mupdf], [ PDFCraft], [http://sourceforge.net/projects/arospdf/ ArosPDF via splash xpdf], [https://github.com/wattoc/AROS-vpdf vpdf], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;APDF 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;AmiPDF 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;APDF, vPDF, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Note Taking markdown support like Obsidian like, joplin, OneNote, EverNotes, xournalpp, etc 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://aminet.net/package/text/edit/Kickdown c src with reaction gui], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Study and analyse, collect, organize, annotate, cite, and share
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;PIM Personal Information Manager - Day Diary Planner Calendar App Filofax like 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ ], [ ], [ ], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Digita Organiser*, On The Ball, Everyday Organiser, [ Contact Manager], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;AOrganiser, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://polymere.free.fr/orga_en.html PolyOrga], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Accounting
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=office/misc ETB], LoanCalc, [ ], [ ], [ ], 
|[ Digita Home Accounts2], Accountant, Small Business Accounts, Account Master, [ Amigabok], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Project Management Research 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;SuperGantt, SuperPlan, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Desktop 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;DOpus5, Wanderer, Scalos, Workbook, 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[https://github.com/zapek/Ambient Ambient Src]
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;System Wide Search 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/filetool Finder], [], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;System Wide Dictionary - multilingual [http://sourceforge.net/projects/babiloo/ Babiloo], [http://code.google.com/p/stardict-3/ StarDict], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ ],  
|&lt;!--AmigaOS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;System wide Thesaurus - multi lingual
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ ], 
|Kuma K-Roget*, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Sticky Desktop Notes (post it type) 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://aminet.net/package/util/wb/amimemos.i386-aros AmiMemos], [https://aminet.net/package/util/wb/amimemos.src-aros AmiMemos Src], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://aminet.net/package/util/wb/StickIt-2.00 StickIt v2], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;DTP Desktop Publishing [ DesignCraft], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/edit RNOPublisher], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://pagestream.org/ Pagestream]*, Professional Pro Page*, Saxon Publisher, Pagesetter, PenPal, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://pagestream.org/ Pagestream]* 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://pagestream.org/ Pagestream]* 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Printing 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;Postscript 3 laser printers, [https://github.com/bohunamiga/MintPRINT MintPRINT AirPrint IPP], [ Ghostscript], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/boingball/MintPRINT MintPRINT IPP], [https://github.com/Andiweli/AmiAirprint AmiAirprint], [http://www.irseesoft.de/tp_what.htm TurboPrint]*, [ GutenPrint], [https://aminet.net/package/comm/tcp/NetPrinter NetPrinter LPR], [], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;(some native drivers), 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;early TurboPrint included, [https://aminet.net/package/comm/tcp/NetPrinter NetPrinter LPR], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Scanning 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ SCANdal], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;FxScan*, ScanQuix*, [https://github.com/boingball/MintSCAN MintSCAN], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;SCANdal (Sane)
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;SCANdal
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;OCR
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/convert gOCR] 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos-files.net/categories/office/text Tesseract] 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Text Editing
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;Jano Editor (already installed as Editor), [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=development/edit EdiSyn], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/text/edit Annotate], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=development/edit Vim], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/text/edit FrexxEd] [https://github.com/vidarh/FrexxEd src], [ NoWinEd], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://aminet.net/package/text/edit/TurboText20 TurboText20 ttx], Annotate, MicroGoldED/CubicIDE*, CygnusED*, Protext*, NoWinED, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;Notepad, Annotate, CygnusED*, NoWinED, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;MorphOS ED, NoWinED, GoldED/CubicIDE*, CygnusED*, Annotate, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Office Fonts [http://sourceforge.net/projects/fontforge/files/fontforge-source/ Font Designer] 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ ], [ ], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;TypeSmith*, SaxonScript (GetFont Adobe Type 1), 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Drawing Vector
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ vectorcraft], [http://sourceforge.net/projects/amifig/ ZuneFIG previously AmiFIG], [https://github.com/serk118/designworks-aros designworks aros 64bit]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Drawstudio*, ProVector*, ArtExpression*, Professional Draw*, AmiFIG, MetaView, [https://gitlab.com/amigasourcecodepreservation/designworks Design Works Src], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;MindSpace, [http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/edit amifig], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;SteamDraw, [http://aminet.net/package/gfx/edit/amifig amiFIG], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;video conferencing (jitsi) 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;source code hosting
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;Gitlab, 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Remote Desktop (server)
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://sourceforge.net/projects/zunetools/files/VNC_Server ArosVNCServer], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://s.guillard.free.fr/AmiVNC/AmiVNC.htm AmiVNC], [http://dspach.free.fr/amiga/avnc/index.html AVNC]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://s.guillard.free.fr/AmiVNC/AmiVNC.htm AmiVNC] 
|MorphVNC, vncserver
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Remote Desktop (client) login and connect to another machine 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://sourceforge.net/projects/zunetools/files/VNC_Client/ ArosVNC], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=network/misc rdesktop], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://twinvnc.free.fr/index.php?menu=01&amp;lang=eng TwinVNC], [http://dspach.free.fr/amiga/vva/index.html VVA], [http://www.hd-zone.com/ RDesktop]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://twinvnc.free.fr/index.php?menu=01&amp;lang=eng TwinVNC], [http://www.hd-zone.com/ RDesktop]
|[http://twinvnc.free.fr/index.php?menu=01&amp;lang=eng TwinVNC], [http://www.hd-zone.com/ RDesktop]
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;notifications 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Ranchero 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;Ringhio 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;MagicBeacon 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Biometric facial logins and fingerprint security features 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;Bebbossh, 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Fido U2F (Universal 2nd Factor) and later FIDO2 (W3C WebAuthn with CTAP2) key authorization like Yubico YubiKey, etc 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|}

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Commercial product.

[[#top|...to the top]]

==Audio==
{|  class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|- 
!width:30%;|Audio
!width:10%;|AROS(x86)
!width:10%;|Commodore-Amiga OS 3.1(68k)
!width:10%;|Hyperion OS4(PPC)
!width:10%;|MorphOS(PPC)
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Playing playback Audio like MP3, [https://github.com/chrg127/gmplayer NSF], [https://github.com/kode54/lazyusf miniusf .usflib] [https://gitlab.com/kode54/psflib with pfslib], [], [], etc 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=video/play Mplayer], [ HarmonyPlayer hp], [http://www.a500.org/downloads/audio/index.xhtml playcdda] CDs, [ WildMidi Player], [https://bszili.morphos.me/ UADE mod player], [], [ RNOTunes], [ mp3Player], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;AmiNetRadio, AmigaAmp, playOGG, [https://codeberg.org/tygre/amimodradio amimodradio]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;TuneNet, SimplePlay, AmigaAmp, TKPlayer
|AmiNetRadio, Mplayer, Kaya, AmigaAmp
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Editing Audio 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ Audio Evolution 4] 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://sourceforge.net/projects/hd-rec/ HD-Rec Src], [http://www.sonicpulse.de/eng/news.html SoundFX], [ Samplitude], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[https://sourceforge.net/projects/hd-rec/ HD-Rec], AmiSoundED, [http://os4depot.net/?function=showfile&amp;file=audio/record/audioevolution4.lha Audio Evolution 4] 
|[http://www.hd-rec.de/HD-Rec/index.php?site=home HD-Rec], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Editing Tracker Music
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/hitchhikr/protrekkr Protrekkr], [ Schism Tracker], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=audio/tracker MilkyTracker], [http://www.hivelytracker.com/ HivelyTracker], [ Radium in AROS already],  [http://www.a500.org/downloads/development/index.xhtml libMikMod], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;MilkyTracker, HivelyTracker, DigiBooster, Octamed SoundStudio, [https://github.com/elindstrom/soundtracker soundtracker], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;MilkyTracker, HivelyTracker, GoatTracker
|MilkyTracker, GoatTracker, DigiBooster, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Editing Music [], [https://github.com/kmatheussen/camd CAMD] and/or staves and musical notes on manuscript [https://github.com/ratchov/midish midish] midi sequencer 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://bnp.hansfaust.de/ Bars and Pipes], [], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://bnp.hansfaust.de/ Bars'n'Pipes], MusicX* David &quot;Talin&quot; Joiner &amp; Craig Weeks (for Notator-X), Deluxe Music Construction Set DMCS2*, [https://github.com/timoinutilis/midi-sequencer-amigaos Horny c Src] [https://github.com/kas1e/midi-sequencer-amigaos/tree/master/HornyGCC HornyGCC OS4 src] [https://github.com/capehill/midi-sequencer-amigaos Horny OS4 fork src] [https://www.amigans.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?start=0&amp;topic_id=8143&amp;order=ASC&amp;status=&amp;mode=0 OS4 thread], HD-Rec, [https://aminet.net/package/mus/midi/dominatorV1_51 Dominator], [https://github.com/royaltm/Amiga-midiIn Amiga-midiIn], [ Aegis Sonix 2.0]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[https://sourceforge.net/p/hd-rec/code/HEAD/tree/ HD-Rec Src], Rockbeat, [http://bnp.hansfaust.de/download.html Bars'n'Pipes], [https://github.com/gooofy/freeaction Horny OS4 src fork], Audio Evolution 4, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Bars'n'Pipes, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Sound Sampling 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ Advanced AHI Recorder all], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=audio/record Audio Evolution 4], [http://www.imica.net/SitePortalPage.aspx?siteid=1&amp;did=162 Quick Record], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=audio/misc SOX to get AIFF 16bit files], [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/tree/master/workbench/tools/AHIRecord AHIRecord], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://aminet.net/package/mus/edit/AudioEvolution3_src Audio Evolution 3 c src], [ Samplitude]*, Audiomaster IV*, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[https://github.com/timoinutilis/phonolith-amigaos phonolith c src], HD-Rec, Audio Evolution 4,
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[https://sourceforge.net/p/hd-rec/code/HEAD/tree/ HD-Rec Src], Audio Evolution 4,
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Audio Processing like easyeffects so having limiter, compressor, convolver, equalizer and auto volume and many other plugins 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Live Looping or Audio Misc - Groovebox like
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;CD/DVD burn
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility IsoTools], [https://code.google.com/p/amiga-fryingpan/ FryingPan], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;FryingPan, [ MakeCD], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;FryingPan, AmiDVD, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://www.amiga.org/forums/printthread.php?t=58736 FryingPan], Jalopeano, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;CD/DVD audio rip
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;Lame, [http://www.imica.net/SitePortalPage.aspx?siteid=1&amp;cfid=0&amp;did=167 Quick CDrip],
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Lame,  
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;Lame, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Lame,  
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;MP3 v1 and v2 Tagger
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;id3ren (v1), [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=audio/edit mp3info], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Audio Convert
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=audio/misc Sox], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://aminet.net/package/mus/misc/SoundBox SoundBox], [http://aminet.net/package/mus/misc/SoundBoxKey SoundBox Key], [http://aminet.net/package/mus/edit/SampleE SampleE], sox 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;DJ mixing jamming 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/djh0ffman/PT1210 Hoffman PT1210 DJ tracker], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Radio Automation Software [http://www.rivendellaudio.org/ Rivendell], [http://code.campware.org/projects/livesupport/report/3 Campware LiveSupport], [http://www.sourcefabric.org/en/airtime/ SourceFabric AirTime], [http://www.ohloh.net/p/mediabox404 MediaBox404], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Speakers Audio Sonos Mains AC networked wired controlled 
*2005 ZP100 with ZP80 
*2008 Zoneplayer ZP120 (multi-room wireless amp)  ZP90 receiver only with CR100 controller, 
*2009 ZonePlayer S5, 
*2010 BR100 wireless Bridge (no support),   
*2011 Play:3
*2013 Bridge (no support), Play:1,  
*2016 Arc,   Play:1,   
*Beam (Gen 2),   Playbar,  Ray,   Era 100,   Era 300,   Roam,   Move 2,   
*Sub (Gen 3),   Sub Mini,  Five,  Amp  S2 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;SonosController 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;SonosController
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;SonosController
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;SonosController
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Smart Speakers 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|}

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Commercial product.

[[#top|...to the top]]

==Video Creativity and Production==
{|  class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|- 
!width:30%;|Video
!width:10%;|AROS(x86)
!width:10%;|Commodore-Amiga OS 3.1(68k)
!width:10%;|Hyperion OS4(PPC)
!width:10%;|MorphOS(PPC)
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Playing Video 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=video/play Mplayer], [ VAMP], [http://www.a500.org/downloads/video/index.xhtml CDXL player], [http://www.a500.org/downloads/video/index.xhtml IffAnimPlay], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Frogger*, AMP2, MPlayer, RiVA*, MooViD*, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;DvPlayer, MPlayer 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;MPlayer, Frogger, AMP2, VLC 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Streaming Video and game streaming like OBS studio, Parsec, [https://github.com/lizardbyte/sunshine sunshine], [https://github.com/moonlight-stream/moonlight-qt moonlight], etc 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Playing DVD 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://a-mc.biz/ AMC]*, Mplayer 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;AMP2, Frogger 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://a-mc.biz/ AMC]*, DvPlayer*, AMP2,  
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Mplayer 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Screen Recording
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=video/record Screenrecorder], [ ], [ ], [ ], [ ], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Screenrecorder, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Create Edit Individual Video [https://github.com/storytold/filmcraft filmcraft]
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ Mencoder], [ Quick Videos], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/edit AVIbuild], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/misc FrameBuild], FFMPEG, 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[ MainConcept Mainactor Broadcast*], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_Toaster Video Toaster*] with [https://discreetfx.com/openvideotoaster.html some c src], MacroSystem MovieShop 4.3*, proDAD Adorage*, [ IOSpirit VHI studio]*, [Gold Disk ShowMaker], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;FFMpeg/GUI 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Blender, Mencoder, FFmpeg
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Subtitle editor 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://aminet.net/package/text/edit/Slarti_Arosx86ABIv0 Slarti_Arosx86ABIv0], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;IP-based video production workflows with High Dynamic Range (HDR), 10-bit color collaborative NDI, 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Blogging like Lemmy or kbin
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;VR face recognition for Vtubers 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;VR chatting Live2D models with Cubism type editor or [https://github.com/AyagamiDev/ayagami ayagami] like with zipped moc3 with model metadata (model3, cdi3) 
&lt;pre&gt;
Model data (cmo3)
Basic motions (can3)
Background image (png)
Set of files for embedding (runtime folder)
• Model data (moc3)
• Motion data (motion3.json)
• Model settings file (model3.json)
• Physics settings file (physics3.json)
• Display auxiliary file (cdi3.json)
&lt;/pre&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;VR chatting chatters .VRML models - standardized 3D file format for VR avatars 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;V-tubers V-tubing like Vseeface with Openseeface tracker or Vpuppr (virtual puppet project) for online live 2d / 3d art models rigging rigged LIV 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|}

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Commercial product.

[[#top|...to the top]]


==Misc Application==
{|  class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|- 
!width:30%;|Misc Application
!width:10%;|AROS(x86)
!width:10%;|Commodore-Amiga OS 3.1 (68k)
!width:10%;|Hyperion OS4(PPC)
!width:10%;|MorphOS(PPC)
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;File Management 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;DOpus4, [https://github.com/BlitterStudio/dopus5 DOpus Magellan aka DOpus 5], [ Scalos], [ FileMaster], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;DOpus2, DOpus 4, [https://github.com/BlitterStudio/dopus5 Dopus5 Magellan], ClassAction, FileMaster, DirWork 2*, [https://github.com/RudolphRiedel/DiskMaster2 DiskMaster2 src], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;DOpus4, [https://github.com/BlitterStudio/dopus5 Dopus5 Magellan], Filer, AmiDisk 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;DOpus4, [https://github.com/BlitterStudio/dopus5 Dopus5 Magellan], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Package Application Installer 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/tomaszstaniak?tab=repositories Pkg manager], [https://aros-pkg.azurewebsites.net/search?arch=x86_64 Pkg], [ InstallerNG], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;InstallerNG, Grunch, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;Jack
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Jack 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Compression archiver [https://github.com/FS-make-simple/paq9a paq9a], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;XAD system is a toolkit designed for handling various file and disk archiver
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[https://aminet.net/package/util/pack/decrunchmania_os4 Crunchmania CrM2 depacker], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Binary Hexadecimal Editor 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=development/edit Zaphod], [],
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Filesystem Partition Editor formatter Disk Management
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=1440&amp;highlight=partition&amp;pid=8821#post_8821 QuickPart], [ HDToolBox]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/stefanskotte/hdpart hdpart], [https://github.com/ChuckyGang/AmiPart AmiPart], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Filesystem Repair and backups 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;ArSFSDoctor, 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://aminet.net/package/disk/bakup/quarterback_src Quarterback Tools C and asm src], [ ], [ ], [ ], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;System Disk check, integrity and history [https://github.com/smartmontools/smartmontools smart tools], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;File Verification / Repair 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://arosarchives.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility md5sum], [https://arosarchives.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/filetool asum], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/filetool workpar2] (PAR2),  [http://zakalwe.fi/~shd/foss/cksfv/files/ compile cksfv from website], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Par2, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Multiple File renaming
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;DOpus 4 or 5, 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Anti Virus
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;VChecker, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Random Wallpaper Desktop changer [ DOpus5], [ Scalos],  
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Alarm Clock, Timer, Stopwatch, Countdown 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/workbench DClock], [http://aminet.net/util/time/AlarmClockAROS.lha AlarmClock], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Edge snap window tool 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/kaffeine1/edgesnap edgesnap]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|}


==Misc Application 2==
{|  class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|- 
!width:30%;|Misc Application
!width:10%;|AROS(x86)
!width:10%;|Commodore-Amiga OS 3.1(68k)
!width:10%;|Hyperion OS4(PPC)
!width:10%;|MorphOS(PPC)
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;C/C++ IDE Integrated Development 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://sourceforge.net/projects/aidea/ AIDEa], [ Murks], [],  
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://devplex.awardspace.biz/cubic/index.html Cubic IDE]*, [ StormC], [https://github.com/jens-maus/amide amide], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;CodeBench , [https://gitlab.com/boemann/codecraft CodeCraft], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://devplex.awardspace.biz/cubic/index.html Cubic IDE]*, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;C/C++ Text Editors 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/text/edit FrexxEd], [https://github.com/vidarh/FrexxEd FrexxEd src], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/text/edit Annotate] with [https://www.onyxsoft.se/files/annotate_src.lha src], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[ Protext], [ CED], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[https://www.onyxsoft.se/annotate.html Annotate], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Repository
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ Git]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;Git
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;BASIC Computer Language 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=development/language Basic4SDL], [ Ace Basic], [ X-AMOS], [SDLBasic], [ Alvyn], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://www.amiforce.de/main.php Amiblitz 3] with [https://github.com/AmiBlitz/AmiBlitz3 Asm src], [http://amos.condor.serverpro3.com/AmosProManual/contents/c1.html Amos Pro] with [https://github.com/AmiDARK/AmosProfessionalUnity-Official-Releases Asm src], [http://aminet.net/package/dev/basic/ace24dist ACE Basic], [https://github.com/gooofy/aqb aqb], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;sdlBasic
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Computer Languages Translation [https://tetracorp.github.io/guide/reverse-engineering-amiga.html], [https://amigasourcecodepreservation.gitlab.io/amiga-assembler-insider-guide/], [https://github.com/kermitfrog/Amiga-Re-Engineering Rust, Ghidra and FS-UAE], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://bitbucket.org/rhinoid/convert68000toc/src/main/ convert m68k seka asm-one to c], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Gui Creators
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=development/guitool MuiBuilder], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[ MuiBuilder],  
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Catalog .cd .ct Custom App Language Editors 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;FlexCat, [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility Flexcat GUI], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://www.geit.de/deu_simplecat.html SimpleCat], FlexCat
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://aminet.net/package/dev/misc/simplecat SimpleCat], FlexCat
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://www.geit.de/deu_simplecat.html SimpleCat], FlexCat
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Cross Development 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/geekychris/amiga_mcp amiga_mcp], [https://github.com/mbergmann-sh/AmigaED4-IDE AmigaED4-IDE], [https://lemonspawn.com/turbo-rascal-syntax-error-expected-but-begin/ Turbo Rascal], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|}

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Commercial product.


==Misc Application 3==
{|  class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|- 
!width:30%;|Misc Application
!width:10%;|AROS(x86)
!width:10%;|Commodore-Amiga OS 3.1(68k)
!width:10%;|Hyperion OS4(PPC)
!width:10%;|MorphOS(PPC)
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;System 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ SysExplorer], [ SysMon], [ Scout], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Terminals Shells CLIs 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/tomaszstaniak/limpet limpet], [], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;OSK On Screen Keyboard
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://aminet.net/util/wb/OSK.lha OSK]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Screen Magnifier Magnifying Glass Magnification 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://www.onyxsoft.se/files/zoomit.lha ZoomIT], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Comic Book CBR CBZ format reader viewer 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/viewer comics], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/viewer comicon], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Ebook Reader 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://blog.alb42.de/programs/#legadon Legadon EPUB],[]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Ebook Converter 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Text to Speech tts [https://github.com/JonathanFly/bark-installer Bark], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ Echo &quot; &quot; &gt;SPEAK:A1 inbuilt], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=audio/misc flite], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://www.text2speech.com translator], [https://github.com/sidick/narrator.wyoming narrator.wyoming], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=search&amp;tool=simple FLite]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://se.aminet.net/pub/aminet/mus/misc/ FLite]
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Speech Voice Recognition Dictation - [http://sourceforge.net/projects/cmusphinx/files/ CMU Sphinx], [http://julius.sourceforge.jp/en_index.php?q=en/index.html Julius], [http://www.isip.piconepress.com/projects/speech/index.html ISIP], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Speech Voice Changer [], [], [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Screen Display Blanker screensaver 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;Blanker Commodity (built in), [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/screenblanker GarshneBlanker], [http://sourceforge.net/projects/gblanker/ GBlanker Src], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;MultiCX, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;ModernArt Blanker, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Fortune Cookie Quotes Sayings 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/misc AFortune], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|}


==Misc Application 4==
{|  class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|- 
!width:30%;|Misc Application
!width:10%;|AROS(x86)
!width:10%;|Commodore-Amiga OS 3.1(68k)
!width:10%;|Hyperion OS4(PPC)
!width:10%;|MorphOS(PPC)
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Fractals mandelbrot, etc 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/misc], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;ZoneXplorer, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Landscape Rendering 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/raytrace WCS World Construction Set], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[ Vista Pro], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Construction_Set World Construction Set]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[ WCS World Construction Set],
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[ WCS World Construction Set],
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Astronomy [https://sourceforge.net/projects/skychart/ skychart freepascal], [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ Digital Almanac (ABIv0 only)], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://aminet.net/search?query=planetarium Aminet search], [http://aminet.net/misc/sci/DA3V56ISO.zip Digital Almanac], [https://aminet.net/package/misc/sci/da3sourceV58 Src c V58], [ Galileo renamed to Distant Suns]*, [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://sourceforge.net/projects/digital-almanac/ Digital Almanac], Distant Suns*, [http://www.digitaluniverse.org.uk/ Digital Universe]*,
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://www.aminet.net/misc/sci/da3.lha Digital Almanac], [http://www.aminet.net/package/misc/sci/da3-mos-src Src c V56], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Astrology [https://sourceforge.net/projects/skylendar/ skylendar], [https://github.com/CruiserOne/Astrolog Astrolog], [https://www.astrolog.org/astrolog/astfile.htm Astrology alt site], [https://saravali.github.io/download.html Maitreya], [https://github.com/alamahant/Asteria Asteria], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Genealogy History Family Tree Ancestry Records (FreeBMD, FreeREG, and FreeCEN file formats or GEDCOM GenTree)
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt; [ Origins], [ Your Family Tree], [ ], [ ], [ ], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Languages 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Fun School, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Mathematics ([http://www-fourier.ujf-grenoble.fr/~parisse/install_en.html Xcas], etc.), 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/scientific mathX] 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Maple V, mathX, Fun School, GCSE Maths, [ ], [ ], [ ], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;Yacas 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Yacas 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Maths Graph Function Plotting
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://blog.alb42.de/programs/#MUIPlot MUIPlot], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;App Utility Launcher Dock toolbar  
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/docky BoingBar], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/adkennan/DockBot Dockbot],
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;3D Printer [https://github.com/OrcaSlicer/OrcaSlicer OrcaSlicer]
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;CNC control with laser and vinyl cutting 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;PCB design
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[ ], [ ], [ ], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Digital Signage
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;Hollywood, Hollywood Designer 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;HAM radio, amateur radio, packet radio,  [], [], [], [https://cemaxecuter.com/ Dragon OS], [https://github.com/km4ack/73Linux with 73 link update], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YAL5KNePRSg video for], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/punktniklas/NiKom NiKom], [https://www.amigarealm.com/amiga/amicomms/comm4.htm Comm4], [https://www.amigarealm.com/archives/comms/aarug/ TNC Terminal Node Controller with packets over serial connections on Yaesu or Woxum handheld], [https://aminet.net/comm/misc AmiCom], [ with 7Plus file encoder/decoder], [ mksstv], [ RTTYam], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;modern smart home network like Home Assistant Automation Yellow, Green, Mosquitto, EMQX, IFTTT (aka IF This Then That), 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/evil4dmin/ami2ha HA], [https://github.com/sidick/midge mtqq.lib], [https://aminet.net/package/comm/tcp/AmiHomeassist-0.7 AmiHomeassist], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Teaching classroom learning training [https://github.com/moodle/moodle moodle], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|}

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Commercial product.


==Games &amp; Emulation==

Some emulators/games require OpenGL to function and to adjust ahi prefs channels, frequency and unit0 and unit1 and 
[http://aros.sourceforge.net/documentation/users/shell/changetaskpri.php changetaskpri -1]

Rom patching  https://www.marcrobledo.com/RomPatcher.js/ https://www.romhacking.net/patch/ (ips, ups, bps, etc) and this other site supports the latter formats https://hack64.net/tools/patcher.php 

Free public domain roms for use with emulators can be found [http://www.pdroms.de/ here] as most of the rest are covered by copyright rules. If you like to read about old games see [http://retrogamingtimes.com/ here] and [http://www.armchairarcade.com/neo/ here] and a [http://www.vintagecomputing.com/ blog] about old computers. Possibly some of the [http://www.answers.com/topic/list-of-best-selling-computer-and-video-games best selling] of all time. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_computer_system_emulators Wiki] with emulated systems list.

[https://archive.gamehistory.org/ Archive of VGHF], [https://library.gamehistory.org/ Video Game History Foundation Library search]


{|  class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|- 
!width:10%;|Games [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer Emulation]
!width:10%;|AROS(x86)
!width:10%;|AmigaOS3(68k)
!width:10%;|AmigaOS4(PPC)
!width:10%;|MorphOS(PPC)
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Amstrad CPC 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer], [ Caprice32 (OpenGL &amp; pure SDL)], [ Arnold], [https://retroshowcase.gr/cpcbox-master/], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=2], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Apple2 and 2GS
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Arcade 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem Mame], [ SI Emu (ABIv0 only)], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Mame, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem xmame], amiarcadia, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=2 Mame], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Atari 2600 [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem Stella], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Atari 5200 [https://github.com/wavemotion-dave/A5200DS A5200DS], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Atari 7800
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Atari 400 800 130XL [https://github.com/wavemotion-dave/A8DS A8DS], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer Atari800], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Atari Lynx
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://myfreefilehosting.com/f/6366e11bdf_1.93MB Handy (ABIv0 only)], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Atari Jaguar
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Bandai Wonderswan 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation BBC Micro and Acorn Electron [http://beehttps://bem-unix.bbcmicro.com/download.html BeebEm], [http://b-em.bbcmicro.com/ B-Em], [http://elkulator.acornelectron.co.uk/ Elkulator], [http://electrem.emuunlim.com/ ElectrEm], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Dragon 32 and Tandy CoCo [http://www.6809.org.uk/xroar/ xroar], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[], [], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Commodore C16 Plus4
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Commodore C64
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer Vice (ABIv0 only)], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Frodo, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem viceplus], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Vice, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Commodore Amiga
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer Janus UAE], Emumiga, 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer UAE], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=2 UAE], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Japanese MSX MSX2 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Mattel Intelivision
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Mattel Colecovision and Adam
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Milton Bradley (MB) Vectrex [ Vectrex OpenGL], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation PICO8 Pico-8 fantasy video game console [https://github.com/egordorichev/pemsa-sdl/ pemsa-sdl], [https://github.com/jtothebell/fake-08 fake-08], [https://github.com/Epicpkmn11/fake-08/tree/wip fake-08 fork], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Nintendo Gameboy
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem vba no sound], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem vba]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Nintendo NES
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ EmiNES], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem Fceu], [https://github.com/takahirox/nes-js?tab=readme-ov-file nes-js], [https://github.com/bfirsh/jsnes jsnes], [https://github.com/angelo-wf/NesJs NesJs], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;AmiNES, [http://www.dridus.com/~nyef/darcnes/ darcNES], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem amines]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Nintendo SNES
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem Zsnes], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem warpsnes]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://fabportnawak.free.fr/snes/ Snes9x], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Nintendo N64 
*HLE and plugins [ mupen64], [https://github.com/ares-emulator/ares ares], [https://github.com/N64Recomp/N64Recomp N64Recomp], [https://github.com/rt64/rt64 rt64], [https://github.com/simple64/simple64 Simple64], 
*LLE [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://code.google.com/p/mupen64plus/ Mupen64+],
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://code.google.com/p/mupen64plus/ Mupen64+], [http://aminet.net/package/misc/emu/tr-981125_src TR64], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;[ Nintendo Gamecube Wii]
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;[ Nintendo Wii U]
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;[https://github.com/yuzu-emu Nintendo Switch]
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation NEC PC Engine 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[], [], [https://github.com/yhzmr442/jspce js-pce], 
|[http://www.hugo.fr.fm/ Hugo], [http://mednafen.sourceforge.net/ Mednafen], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem tgemu]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Sega Master System (SMS)
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem Dega], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem sms], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem osmose]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Sega Genesis/Megadrive
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem gp no sound], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem DGen], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://code.google.com/p/genplus-gx/ Genplus], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem genesisplus]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Sega Saturn 
*HLE [https://mednafen.github.io/ mednafen], [http://yabause.org/ yabause], [], 
*LLE [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;?
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://yabause.org/ Yabause], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Sega Dreamcast 
*HLE [https://github.com/flyinghead/flycast  flycast], [https://code.google.com/archive/p/nulldc/downloads NullDC], 
*LLE [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;?
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Sinclair ZX80 and ZX81 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer], [], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Sinclair Spectrum 
|[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer Fuse (crackly sound)], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer SimCoupe], [ FBZX slow], [https://jsspeccy.zxdemo.org/ jsspeccy], [http://torinak.com/qaop/games qaop], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://www.zophar.net/sinclair.html Speculator], [http://www.worldofspectrum.org/x128/index.html X128], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Sinclair QL
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://aminet.net/package/misc/emu/QDOS4amiga1 QDOS4amiga]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation SNK NeoGeo Pocket
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem gngeo], NeoPop, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Sony PlayStation
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem FPSE], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem FPSE]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;[ Sony PS2]
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;[ Sony PS3]
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;[https://vita3k.org/ Sony Vita]
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;[https://github.com/shadps4-emu/shadPS4 PS4]
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tangerine_Computer_Systems Tangerine] Oric and Atmos 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer Oricutron]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem Oricutron]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://aminet.net/package/misc/emu/oricutron Oricutron]
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation TI 99/4 99/4A [https://github.com/wavemotion-dave/DS994a DS994a], [], [https://js99er.net/#/ js99er], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://aminet.net/package/misc/emu/TI4Amiga TI4Amiga], [http://aminet.net/package/misc/emu/TI4Amiga_src TI4Amiga src in c], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation HP 38G 40GS 48 49G/50G Graphing Calculators
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation TI 58 83 84 85 86 - 89 92 Graphing Calculators
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games emulation Ms-Dos Dosbox type 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/tomaszstaniak/aros-boxerapp Boxer]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|}

{|  class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|- 
!width:10%;|Games [https://www.rockpapershotgun.com/ General]
!width:10%;|AROS(x86)
!width:10%;|AmigaOS3(68k)
!width:10%;|AmigaOS4(PPC)
!width:10%;|MorphOS(PPC)
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Games [https://www.trackawesomelist.com/michelpereira/awesome-open-source-games/ Open Source and others] || AROS || Amiga OS || Amiga OS4 || Morphos 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Action like [https://github.com/opentomb/OpenTomb opentomb], [https://github.com/LostArtefacts/TRX TRX formerly Tomb1Main], [https://github.com/TombEngine TombEngine], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/action Thrust], [https://github.com/fragglet/sdl-sopwith sdl sopwith], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/action], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/action BOH], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/BSzili/OpenLara/tree/amiga/src source of openlara SDL2], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Adventure like [http://dotg.sourceforge.net/ DMJ], [https://github.com/kromenak/gengine Gabriel Knight 3], [http://www.sarien.net/ Sierra Sarien], [https://github.com/klembot/twinejs twine js], [https://github.com/QSPFoundation/qspgui Quest Soft Player QSP], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/adventure dmagnetic], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/misc ScummVM], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/roleplaying frotz infocom], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Board like [https://github.com/aperture-software/colditz-escape escape from colditz], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/board], [http://amigan.1emu.net/releases Africa]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Cards 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/card], [https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=1443&amp;rowstart=180&amp;pid=12934#post_12934 Balatro], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS--&gt;[http://home.arcor.de/amigasolitaire/e/welcome.html Reko], [https://github.com/samskivert/beschei-en beschei Src], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Misc [https://github.com/michelpereira/awesome-open-source-games Awesome open], [https://github.com/bobeff/open-source-games General Open Source], [https://github.com/SAT-R/sa2 Sonic Advance 2], [https://github.com/velorek1/cwordle Wordle type], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/misc], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games FPS like [https://aminet.net/package/game/shoot/D1X_Rebirth_AGA Descent D1X src], [https://github.com/DescentDevelopers/Descent3 Descent 3], [https://github.com/Fewnity/Counter-Strike-Nintendo-DS Counter-Strike-Nintendo-DS], [https://github.com/Aleph-One-Marathon/alephone Bungie Marathon 1994], [https://zdoom.org/downloads UzDoom opengl 3.3], [https://github.com/ZDoom/gzdoom gzdoom opengl 3+], [https://zdoom.org/downloads LZDoom opengl 2.1], [https://github.com/OpenXRay/xray-16 S.T.A.L.K.E.R Xray], [https://staniks.github.io/articles/serious-engine-networking-analysis/ Serious Sam] [https://github.com/Croteam-official/Serious-Engine Serious Engine 1]
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;Doom, Quake, [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/fps Quake 3 Arena (OpenGL)], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/fps Cube (OpenGL)], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/fps Assault Cube (OpenGL)], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/fps Cube 2 Sauerbraten (OpenGL)], [http://fodquake.net/test/ FodQuake QuakeWorld], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/fps Duke Nukem 3D], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/fps Darkplaces Nexuiz Xonotic], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/fps Doom 3 SDL (OpenGL)], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/fps Hexenworld and Hexen 2], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/fps Aliens vs Predator Gold 2000 avp (openGL)], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/fps Odamex (openGL doom)], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/fps/ zgloom], [], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/fps/ ab3dhd], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Doom, Quake, AB3D, Fears, Breathless, Gloom, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;Doom, Quake, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=12 Doom], Quake, Quake 3 Arena, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games MMORG like 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ Eternal Lands (OpenGL)],
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Platform like 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/platform], [ Maze of Galious], [ Gish]*(openGL), [ Mega Mario], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/platform/ thextech SMBX], [http://www.gianas-return.de/ Giana's Return], [http://www.sqrxz.de/ Sqrxz], [www.sqrxz2.de/ Sqrxz 2], [http://www.sqrxz.de/sqrxz-3/ Sqrxz 3], [http://www.sqrxz.de/sqrxz-4/ Sqrxz 4], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/platform Cave Story], [https://bszili.morphos.me/ Frogatto], [https://bszili.morphos.me/ OpenJazz], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/platform/ pekkakana2], [ Aquaria], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/platform/ sonic CD], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[ Giana Sisters], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Puzzle [https://github.com/mariopartyrd/marioparty4/tree/port Party], [https://github.com/mdodis/OpenSolomonsKey OpenSolomonsKey], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/puzzle], [ Cubosphere (OpenGL)], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/puzzle Candy Crisis], [http://bszili.morphos.me/ TailTale], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Sports 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/tomaszstaniak/aros-swos OpenSWOS], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Racing [ Trigger Rally], [ VDrift], [http://www.ultimatestunts.nl/index.php?page=2&amp;lang=en Ultimate Stunts], [http://maniadrive.raydium.org/ Mania Drive], [https://github.com/plowteam/donut Simpsons Hit and Run], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ Super Tux Kart (OpenGL)], [http://www.dusabledanslherbe.eu/AROSPage/F1Spirit.30.html F1 Spirit (OpenGL)], [http://bszili.morphos.me/index.html MultiRacer], [https://bszili.morphos.me/ Speed Dreams], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/driving/dethrace-0.10.1.x86_64-aros-v11.zip Carmageddon dethrace 64bit], [http://maniadrive.raydium.org/index.php?downloads=yes maniadrive like trackmania], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://bszili.morphos.me/index.html Speed Dreams], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=12], [http://bszili.morphos.me/index.html TORCS], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games 1st first person DRPG [https://wiki.rpg.net/index.php/Open_Game_Systems Misc], [https://github.com/OpenEnroth/OpenEnroth OpenEnroth MM], []
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/BSzili/aros-stuff Arx Libertatis], [http://www.playfuljs.com/a-first-person-engine-in-265-lines/ js raycaster], [https://github.com/Dorthu/es6-crpg webgl], [https://github.com/sonountaleban/AmiShockolate System Shock], [], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS--&gt;Phantasie, Faery Tale, Dungeon Master, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games 3rd third person action CRPG  [https://sourceforge.net/projects/sumwars/ Summoning Wars], [https://www.solarus-games.org/ Solarus], [https://wiki.rpg.net/index.php/Open_Game_Systems Misc], [https://github.com/alexbatalov/fallout1-ce fallout ce], [https://github.com/rwengine/openrw gta3], [https://github.com/gta-reversed/gta-reversed gta3 sa], [https://github.com/mrxenginner/reVC gta3 vc revc], [https://github.com/jakobharder/burntime/tree/main Burntime], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/strategy/ fheroes2 homm2], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/roleplaying/ breakhack], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/roleplaying/ devilutionx diablo 1 hellfire], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/roleplaying/ fallout 1], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/strategy/ stratagus], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/strategy/ hostile-takeover], [https://github.com/Kalamatee/ Openmw], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games isometric RPG [https://sourceforge.net/projects/sumwars/ Summoning Wars], [https://www.solarus-games.org/ Solarus], [https://wiki.rpg.net/index.php/Open_Game_Systems Misc], [https://github.com/topics/dungeon?l=javascript Dungeon], [], [https://github.com/clintbellanger/heroine-dusk JS Dusk], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/roleplaying nethack], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/roleplaying GemRB], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games card based RPG [https://github.com/open-duelyst/duelyst Duelyst], [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games turn based tactics RPG [], [], [], [], [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/strategy UFO AI], [http://play.freeciv.org/ FreeCiv], [https://juen.in Aveterna online civ], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Strategy [http://rtsgus.org/ RTSgus], [http://stargus.sourceforge.net/ Stargus], [https://github.com/KD-lab-Open-Source/Perimeter Perimeter], [https://matty77.itch.io/conflict-3049 conflict-3049], [https://github.com/ZeroK-RTS/Zero-K Zero-K multi player rts lua], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/strategy MegaGlest (OpenGL)], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/strategy/ signus], [https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=1443&amp;rowstart=140&amp;pid=12446#post_12446 Wargus warcraft 2 setup], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://aminet.net/package/game/strat/OpenDUNE_RTG OpenDUNE_RTG src]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=12]
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Rhythm, Beat, Step [], [], [https://clonehero.net/ clonehero], [https://github.com/MatteoGodzilla/Dj-Engine Dj-Engine], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/misc Frets on Fire], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Shoot Em Ups [http://www.mhgames.org/oldies/formido/ Formido], [http://code.google.com/p/violetland/ Violetland], 
||&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/action Open Tyrian], [http://www.parallelrealities.co.uk/projects/starfighter.php Starfighter], [ Alien Blaster], [https://github.com/OpenFodder/openfodder OpenFodder], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/action/ tbftss The Battle for the Solar System: the Pandora War]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.parallelrealities.co.uk/projects/starfighter.php Starfighter], [ The Battle for the Solar System: the Pandora War]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Simulations [http://scp.indiegames.us/ Freespace 2], [http://www.heptargon.de/gl-117/gl-117.html GL117], [http://code.google.com/p/corsix-th/ Theme Hospital], [http://code.google.com/p/freerct/ Rollercoaster Tycoon], [http://hedgewars.org/ Hedgewars], [https://github.com/raceintospace/raceintospace raceintospace], [https://github.com/Return-To-The-Roots RTTR Settlers 2], [https://github.com/OoliteProject/oolite oolite elite], [https://github.com/fesh0r/newkind newkind elite], [https://github.com/bohemiainteractive/cwr Arma Cold War Src], [https://github.com/endless-sky/endless-sky endless-sky], [https://github.com/pioneerspacesim/pioneer pioneer space command], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/tomaszstaniak/aros-micropolis micropolis]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;SimCity, SimAnt, Sim Hospital, Theme Park, [https://github.com/angree/openttd_amiga_68k openttd amiga_68k], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=12]
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Life Sim [https://github.com/ACreTeam/forest Animal Crossing], [ ], [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Horror [https://github.com/Mikompilation/MikuPan Fatal Frame], [ ], [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Sandbox Voxel Open World Exploration [https://github.com/ClassiCube/ Classicube],[http://www.michaelfogleman.com/craft/ Craft], [https://github.com/tothpaul/DelphiCraft DelphiCraft],[https://www.minetest.net/ Luanti formerly Minetest], [ infiniminer], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/Kalamatee/veloren veloren]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Battle Royale [https://bruh.io/ Play.Bruh.io], [https://www.coolmathgames.com/0-copter Copter Royale], [https://surviv.io/ Surviv.io], [https://nuggetroyale.io/#Ketchup Nugget Royale], [https://miniroyale2.io/ Miniroyale2.io], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Tower Defense [https://chriscourses.github.io/tower-defense/ HTML5], [https://github.com/SBardak/Tower-Defense-Game TD C++], [https://github.com/bdoms/love_defense LUA and LOVE], [https://github.com/HyOsori/Osori-WebGame HTML5], [https://github.com/PascalCorpsman/ConfigTD ConfigTD Pascal], [https://github.com/GloriousEggroll/wine-ge-custom Wine], []
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=1443&amp;rowstart=180&amp;pid=12871#post_12871 Plants vs Zombies PvZ], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/boingball/miggy-tower-defense miggy-tower-defense], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Visual Novel Engines [https://github.com/diane1f0cd/VisualNovelTemplate Visual Novel Template], [https://github.com/Kirilllive/tuesday-js Tuesday JS], [https://github.com/tejasnayak25/vnsutra vnsutra], [https://github.com/weetabix-su/renpsp-dev RenPSP], [https://github.com/Galladite27/ONScripter-EN ONScripter-EN], [https://github.com/NathanGuilhot/VNES-Raylib https://github.com/NathanGuilhot/VNES VNES in Raylib], [https://www.renpy.org/latest.html renpy ren'py python based], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Virtual Reality VR [https://gitlab.com/madsbuvi/openmw openmw vr], [https://github.com/Team-Beef-Studios/BeefRaiderXR BeefRaiderXR], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Virtual Table Top VTT [ Roll20], [https://www.owlbear.rodeo/ owlbear rodeo], [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Computer assisted TableTop TTRPG OSR [https://www.rpgsolo.com/play.php RPGSolo], [https://github.com/fpsvogel/solo-ttrpgs Solo TTRPG], [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games 2D 3D Engines [https://github.com/fegennari/3DWorld 3DWorld], [https://github.com/GarageGames/Torque3D Torque3D], [https://github.com/gameplay3d/GamePlay GamePlay 3D],  [https://www.babylonjs.com/ BabylonJS ], [ Godot], [ Ogre], [ Crystal Space], [https://github.com/JacobHess03/ Dragon-Quest like], [https://github.com/bjornbytes/lovr Lua LOVE for 2D LOVR for 3D], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://www.arkhamdev.net/wiki.htm?id=agx Arkham Development antiryadgx 8.9 lts with register], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/alpyre/Sevgi_Engine Sevgi Engine], [], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games C based game frameworks [https://github.com/orangeduck/Corange Corange], [https://github.com/scottcgi/Mojoc Mojoc], [https://orx-project.org/ Orx], [https://github.com/ioquake/ioq3 Quake 3], [https://www.mapeditor.org/ Tiled], [https://www.raylib.com/ 2d Raylib], [https://github.com/Rabios/awesome-raylib other raylib], [https://github.com/MrFrenik/gunslinger Gunslinger], [https://o3de.org/ o3d], [http://archives.aros-exec.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=development/library GLFW], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=development/library Raylib 5], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games RPGMaker MV/MZ-compatible projects [https://github.com/Psychronic-Games/RPGReactor RPGReactor js],
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Virtual Pinball [https://github.com/vpinball/vpinball vpinball], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games unpack unarc [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|}


==Application Guides==

[[#top|...to the top]]

===Web Browser===

OWB is now at version 2.0 (which got an engine refresh, from July 2015 to February 2019) and 3.0.

This latest version has a good support for many/most web sites, even YouTube web page now works. [https://www.bilibili.tv/en/search untested] 

This improved compatibility comes at the expense of higher RAM usage (now 1GB RAM is the absolute minimum). 

Also, keep in mind that the lack of a JIT (Just-In-Time) JS compiler on the 32 bit version, makes the web surfing a bit slow. 

Only the 64 bit version of OWB 2.0 will have JIT enabled, thus benefitting of more speed. There are tooltypes that can be added to the icon to provide further features JIT, MSE etc 


Certificates from [https://curl.se/docs/caextract.html ca certs], 


DNS tracking blocking with [https://easylist.to/easylist/easylist.txt easylist.txt] in PROGDIR:Conf before starting browser with enabled AdBlock [https://github.com/easylist/easylist/tree/master easylist], [https://gitlab.com/eyeo anti abp], [https://firebog.net/ big blocklist], [https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts Steves], [], [], 

This can be enabled with OWB Odyssey with Windows -&gt; Content Blocking and Windows -&gt; Messages and enter 

 https://www.youtube.com/api/stats/ads*
 https://www.youtube.com/pagead/adview*
 https://www.youtube.com#@##player-ads*

into your custom filters 


Element blocker browser extension might be needed for [https://github.com/easylist/easylist/wiki/Youtube-Issues youtube], [ mid roll], [ pre roll], [ ],  


OWB speed is much better when running from RAM Disk, the best way is to add the below into your S:User-Startup which copies OWB drawer from Extras:Internet/OWB to RAM Disk: 

So add this :
&lt;pre&gt;
copy Extras:Internet/OWB Ram:OWB/ ALL CLONE &gt;NIL:
copy Extras:Internet/OWB.info Ram: &gt;NIL:
&lt;/pre&gt;
Open RAM Disk and open OWB drawer and double click on OWB icon so that the above icon tooltypes are activated 

Problems are that the copy time is long (around 20 seconds added in the background), but we can make it faster if we delete useless files from the OWB drawer (docs, …)
If you don’t copy the drawer back onto the HD, you won’t save your cache, cookies, passwords… So you need a script for it.

 copy Extras:Internet/Amelinium/#? Ram:Amelinium/ ALL CLONE &gt;NIL: 

Error messages 

SSL error &quot;cant verify with ca-certificates&quot;, check bios clock time date is correct 

Error 6, try checking networking prefs settings and Save / Use preferences again or a '''few times''' otherwise the network chipset may not be compatible with Aros 


[https://www.google.com/search?q=%s&amp;udm=14 Google search without AI overview] 
[ DuckDuckGo]
[ Ecosia]
[ Qwant]
[ Swisscows]
[ Mojeek]
[ Brave Search]
[ PreSearch]
[ Startpage] 


===E-mail===

 Emailinium is now available for IMAP and POP3 based accounts 

YAM does not support SSL and most mail providers now switched to encrypted SMTP/POP3 connections


====SimpleMail====

SimpleMail supports IMAP and appears to work with GMail, but it's never been reliable enough, it can crash with large mailboxes.

Please read more on this [http://www.freelists.org/list/simplemail-usr User list]


 GMail

Be sure to activate the pop3 usage in your gmail account setup / configuration first.

pop3: 
pop.gmail.com
Use SSL: Yes
Port: 995

smtp:
smtp.gmail.com (with authentication)
Use Authentication: Yes
Use SSL: Yes
Port: 465 or 587


 Hotmail/MSN/outlook/Microsoft Mail mid-2017, all outlook.com accounts will be migrated to Office 365 / Exchange

Most users are currently on POP which does not allow showing folders and many other features (technical limitations of POP3). With Microsoft IMAP you will get folders, sync read/unread, and show flags. You still won't get push though, as Microsoft has not turned on the IMAP Idle command as at Sept 2013.

If you want to try it, you need to first remove (you can't edit) your pop account (long-press the account on the accounts screen, delete account). Then set it up this way:

1. Email/Password
2. Manual
3. IMAP
4.

* Incoming: imap-mail.outlook.com, port 993, SSL/TLS should be checked
* Outgoing: smtp-mail.outlook.com, port 587, SSL/TLS should be checked
* POP server name pop-mail.outlook.com, port 995, POP encryption method SSL

 Yahoo  Mail

On April 24, 2002 Yahoo ceased to offer POP access to its free mail service. Introducing instead a yearly payment feature, allowing users POP3 and IMAP server support, along with such benefits as larger file attachment sizes and no adverts.

Sorry to see Yahoo leaving its users to cough up for the privilege of accessing their mail. Understandable, when competing against rivals such as Gmail and Hotmail who hold a large majority of users and were hacked in 2014 as well.


Incoming Mail (IMAP) Server

* Server - imap.mail.yahoo.com
* Port - 993
* Requires SSL - Yes

Outgoing Mail (SMTP) Server

* Server - smtp.mail.yahoo.com
* Port - 465 or 587
* Requires SSL - Yes
* Requires authentication - Yes

Your login info

* Email address - Your full email address (name@domain.com)
* Password - Your account's password
* Requires authentication - Yes


Note that you need to enable “Web &amp; POP Access” in your Yahoo Mail account to send and receive Yahoo Mail messages through any other email program.

You will have to enable “Allow your Yahoo Mail to be POPed” under “POP and Forwarding”, to send and receive Yahoo mails through any other email client.

Cannot be done since 2002 unless the customer pays Yahoo a subscription subs fee to have access to SMTP and POP3

* Set the POP server for incoming mails as pop.mail.yahoo.com. You will have to enable “SSL” and use 995 for Port.
* “Account Name or Login Name” – Your Yahoo Mail ID i.e. your email address without the domain “@yahoo.com”.
* “Email Address” – Your Yahoo Mail address i.e. your email address including the domain “@yahoo.com”. E.g. myname@yahoo.com
* “Password” – Your Yahoo Mail password.

Yahoo! Mail Plus users may have to set POP server as plus.pop.mail.yahoo.com and SMTP server as plus.smtp.mail.yahoo.com.

* Set the SMTP server for outgoing mails as smtp.mail.yahoo.com. You will also have to make sure that “SSL” is enabled and use 465 for port. you must also enable “authentication” for this to work.


====YAM Yet Another Mailer====

 YAM does not support SSL and most mail providers have now switched to encrypted SMTP/POP3 connections

This email client is POP3 only if the SSL library is available [http://www.freelists.org/list/yam YAM Freelists]

One of the downsides of using a POP3 mailer unfortunately - you have to set an option not to delete the mail if you want it left on the server. IMAP keeps all the emails on the server.

Possible issues

Sending mail issues is probably a matter of using your ISP's SMTP server, though it could also be an SSL issue.


getting a &quot;Couldn't initialise TLSv1 / SSL error

Use of on-line e-mail accounts with this email client is not possible as it lacks the OpenSSL AmiSSl v3 compatible library

 GMail 
Incoming Mail (POP3) Server - requires SSL: pop.gmail.com
Use SSL: Yes
Port: 995

Outgoing Mail (SMTP) Server - requires TLS: smtp.gmail.com (use authentication)
Use Authentication: Yes
Use STARTTLS: Yes (some clients call this SSL)
Port: 465 or 587

Account Name: your Gmail username (including '@gmail.com')
Email Address: your full Gmail email address (username@gmail.com)
Password: your Gmail password

Anyway, the SMTP is pop.gmail.com port 465 and it uses SSLLv3 Authentication. The POP3 settings are for the same server (pop.gmail.com), only on port 995 instead.


 Outlook.com access

&lt;pre &gt;
Outlook.com SMTP server address: smtp.live.com
Outlook.com SMTP user name: Your full Outlook.com email address (not an alias)
Outlook.com SMTP password: Your Outlook.com password
Outlook.com SMTP port: 587
Outlook.com SMTP TLS/SSL encryption required: yes 
&lt;/pre &gt;


 Yahoo  Mail

&lt;pre &gt;
“POP3 Server” – Set the POP server for incoming mails as pop.mail.yahoo.com. You will have to enable “SSL” and use 995 for Port.
“SMTP Server” – Set the SMTP server for outgoing mails as smtp.mail.yahoo.com. You will also have to make sure that “SSL” is enabled and use 465 for port. you must also enable “authentication” for this to work.
“Account Name or Login Name” – Your Yahoo Mail ID i.e. your email address without the domain “@yahoo.com”.
“Email Address” – Your Yahoo Mail address i.e. your email address including the domain “@yahoo.com”. E.g. myname@yahoo.com
“Password” – Your Yahoo Mail password.
&lt;/pre &gt;

Yahoo! Mail Plus users may have to set POP server as plus.pop.mail.yahoo.com and SMTP server as plus.smtp.mail.yahoo.com.

Note that you need to enable “Web &amp; POP Access” in your Yahoo Mail account to send and receive Yahoo Mail messages through any other email program.

You will have to enable “Allow your Yahoo Mail to be POPed” under “POP and Forwarding”, to send and receive Yahoo mails through any other email client.

Cannot be done since 2002 unless the customer pays Yahoo a monthly fee to have access to SMTP and POP3


 Microsoft Outlook Express Mail 

1. Get the files to your PC.
By whatever method get the files off your Amiga onto your PC. In the YAM folder you have a number of different folders, one for each of your folders in YAM. Inside that is a file usually some numbers such as 332423.283. YAM created a new file for every single email you received.

2. Open up a brand new Outlook Express. Just configure the account to use 127.0.0.1 as mail servers. It doesn't really matter. You will need to manually create any subfolders you used in YAM.

3. You will need to do a mass rename on all your email files from YAM. Just add a .eml to the end of it. Amazing how PCs still rely mostly on the file name so it knows what sort of file it is rather than just looking at it! There are a number of multiple renamers online to download and free too.

4. Go into each of your folders, inbox, sent items etc. And do a select all then drag the files into Outlook Express (to the relevant folder obviously) Amazingly the file format that YAM used is very compatible with .eml standard and viola your emails appear. With correct dates and working attachments.

5. If you want your email into Microsoft Outlook. Open that up and create a new profile and a new blank PST file. Then go into File Import and choose to import from Outlook Express. And the mail will go into there. And viola.. you have your old email from your Amiga in a more modern day format.


===FTP===

Magellan has a great FTP module. It allows transferring files from/to a FTP server over the Internet or the local network and, even if FTP is perceived as a &quot;thing of the past&quot;, its usability is all inside the client. The FTP thing has a nice side effect too, since every Icaros machine can be a FTP server as well, and our files can be easily transferred from an Icaros machine to another with a little configuration effort.

First of all, we need to know the 'server' IP address. Server is the Icaros machine with the file we are about to download on another Icaros machine, that we're going to call 'client'. To do that, move on the server machine and 1) run Prefs/Services to be sure &quot;FTP file transfer&quot; is enabled (if not, enable it and restart Icaros); 2) run a shell and enter this command:

ifconfig -a

Make a note of the IP address for the network interface used by the local area network. For cabled devices, it usually is net0:. Now go on the client machine and run Magellan:

Perform these actions: 1) click on FTP; 2) click on ADDRESS BOOK; 3) click on &quot;New&quot;. 
You can now add a new entry for your Icaros server machine:

1) Choose a name for your server, in order to spot it immediately in the address book. Enter the IP address you got before.

2) click on Custom Options:


1) go to Miscellaneous in the left menu;

2) Ensure &quot;Passive Transfers&quot; is NOT selected;

3) click on Use. We need to deactivate Passive Transfers because YAFS, the FTP server included in Icaros, only allows active transfers at the current stage. Now, we can finally connect to our new file source:


1) Look into the address book for the newly introduced server, be sure that name and IP address are right, and

2) click on Connect. A new lister with server's &quot;MyWorkspace&quot; contents will appear. You can now transfer files over the network choosing a destination among your local (client's) volumes.

Can be adapted to any FTP client on any platform of your choice, just be sure your client allows Active Transfers as well.


===IRC Internet Relay Chat===

Jabberwocky is ideal for one-to-one social media communication, use IRC if you require one to many. 

Just type a message in ''lowercase''' letters and it will be posted to all in the [ AROS irc channel]. Please do not use UPPER CASE as it is a sign of SHOUTING which is annoying.

Other things to type in - replace &lt;message&gt; with a line of text and &lt;nick&gt; with a person's name

&lt;pre&gt;
/help

/list

/who
/whois &lt;nick&gt;

/msg &lt;nick&gt; &lt;message&gt;

/query &lt;nick&gt; 
&lt;message&gt;s
/query

/away &lt;message&gt;
/away

/quit &lt;going away message&gt; 
&lt;/pre&gt;


[http://irchelp.org/irchelp/new2irc.html#smiley Intro guide here]. IRC Primer can be found here in [http://www.irchelp.org/irchelp/ircprimer.html html], [http://www.irchelp.org/irchelp/text/ircprimer.txt TXT], [http://www.kei.com/irc/IRCprimer1.1.ps PostScript].


Issue the command /me &lt;text&gt; where &lt;text&gt; is the text that should follow your nickname.
Example: /me slaps ajk around a bit with a large trout

/nick &lt;newNick&gt;

/nickserv register &lt;password&gt; &lt;email address&gt;

/ns instead of /nickserv, while others might need /msg nickserv

/nickserv identify &lt;password&gt;

Alternatives:
/ns identify &lt;password&gt;
/msg nickserv identify &lt;password&gt;


==== IRC WookieChat ====

WookieChat is the most complete internet client for communication across the IRC Network. WookieChat allows you to swap ideas and communicate in real-time, you can also exchange Files, Documents, Images and everything else using the application's DCC capabilities.


add smilies drawer/directory

 run wookiechat from the shell and set stack to 1000000 e.g. wookiechat stack 1000000

select a server / server window

* nickname 
* user name 
* real name - optional

Once you configure the client with your preferred screen name, you'll want to find a channel to talk in.


servers

* New Server - click on this to add / add extra - change details in section below this click box 
* New Group
* Delete Entry
* Connect to server
* connect in new tab
* perform on connect

Change details

* Servername - change text in this box to one of the below Server: 
* Port number - no need to change
* Server password
* Channel - add #channel from below 
* auto join - can click this 
* nick registration password,

Click Connect to server button above


&lt;pre&gt;
Server: irc.freenode.net
Channel: #aros
&lt;/pre&gt;

irc://irc.freenode.net/aros

&lt;pre&gt;
Server: chat.amigaworld.net 
Channel: #amigaworld or #amigans 
&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;
On Sunday evenings USA time usually starting around 3PM EDT (1900 UTC)
Server:irc.superhosts.net
Channel #team*amiga  
&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;
BitlBee and Minbif are IRCd-like gateways to multiple IM networks
Server: im.bitlbee.org 
Port 6667 
Seems to be most useful on WookieChat as you can be connected to several servers at once. One for Bitlbee and any messages that might come through that. One for your normal IRC chat server. 
&lt;/pre&gt;

[http://www.bitlbee.org/main.php/servers.html Other servers],

&lt;pre&gt;
#Amiga.org - irc.synirc.net eu.synirc.net dissonance.nl.eu.synirc.net (IPv6: 2002:5511:1356:0:216:17ff:fe84:68a) 
twilight.de.eu.synirc.net zero.dk.eu.synirc.net us.synirc.net avarice.az.us.synirc.net envy.il.us.synirc.net harpy.mi.us.synirc.net 
liberty.nj.us.synirc.net snowball.mo.us.synirc.net - Ports 6660-6669 7001 (SSL)
&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;
Multiple server support
&quot;Perform on connect&quot; scripts and channel auto-joins
Automatic Nickserv login
Tabs for channels and private conversations
CTCP PING, TIME, VERSION, SOUND
Incoming and Outgoing DCC SEND file transfers
Colours for different events
Logging and automatic reloading of logs
mIRC colour code filters
Configurable timestamps
GUI for changing channel modes easily
Configurable highlight keywords
URL Grabber window
Optional outgoing swear word filter
Event sounds for tabs opening, highlighted words, and private messages
DCC CHAT support
Doubleclickable URL's
Support for multiple languages using LOCALE
Clone detection
Auto reconnection to Servers upon disconnection
Command aliases
Chat display can be toggled between AmIRC and mIRC style
Counter for Unread messages
Graphical nicklist and graphical smileys with a popup chooser
&lt;/pre&gt;


====IRC Aircos ====

Double click on Aircos icon in Extras:Networking/Apps/Aircos. It has been set up with a guest account for trial purposes. Though ideally, choose a nickname and password for frequent use of irc. 


====IRC and XMPP Jabberwocky====
 Servers are setup and close down at random 
You sign up to a server that someone else has setup and access chat services through them. 

The two ways to access chat from jabberwocky
&lt;pre &gt;
Jabberwocky -&gt; Server -&gt; XMPP -&gt; open and ad-free 
Jabberwocky -&gt; Server -&gt; Transports (Gateways) -&gt; Proprietary closed systems 
&lt;/pre &gt;

The Jabber.org service connects with all IM services that use XMPP, the open standard for instant messaging and presence over the Internet. The services we connect with include Google Talk (closed), Live Journal Talk, Nimbuzz, Ovi, and thousands more. However, you can not connect from Jabber.org to proprietary services like AIM, ICQ, MSN, Skype, or Yahoo because they don’t yet use XMPP components (XEP-0114) '''but''' you can use Jabber.com's servers and IM gateways (MSN, ICQ, Yahoo etc.) instead.

The best way to use jabberwocky is in conjunction with a public jabber server with '''transports''' to your favorite services, like gtalk, Facebook, yahoo, ICQ, AIM, etc.


You have to register with one of the servers, [https://list.jabber.at/ this list] or [http://www.jabberes.org/servers/ another list], [http://xmpp.net/ this security XMPP list],

Unfortunately jabberwocky can only connect to one server at a time so it is best to check what services each server offers. If you set it up with separate Facebook and google talk accounts, for example, sometimes you'll only get one or the other.

Jabberwocky open a window where the Jabber server part is typed in as well as your Nickname and Password.

Jabber ID (JID) identifies you to the server and other users.

Once registered the next step is to goto Jabberwocky's &quot;Windows&quot; menu and select the &quot;Agents&quot; option. The &quot;Agents List&quot; window will open.

Roster (contacts list)

[http://search.wensley.org.uk/ Chatrooms] (MUC) are available

File Transfer - can send and receive files through the Jabber service but not with other services like IRC, ICQ, AIM or Yahoo. All you need is an installed webbrowser and OpenURL.

Clickable URLs - The message window uses Mailtext.mcc and you can set a URL action in the MUI mailtext prefs like SYS:Utils/OpenURL %s NEWWIN.

There is no consistent Skype like (H.323 VoIP) video conferencing available over Jabber. The move from xmpp to Jingle should help but no support on any amiga-like systems at the moment. [http://aminet.net/package/dev/src/AmiPhoneSrc192 AmiPhone] and [http://www.lysator.liu.se/%28frame,faq,nobg,useframes%29/ahi/v4-site/ Speak Freely] was an early attempt voice only contact. SIP and Asterisk are other PBX options.


 Facebook

If you're using the XMPP transport provided by Facebook themselves, chat.facebook.com, it looks like they're now requiring SSL transport. This means jabberwocky method below will no longer work. The best thing to do is to create an ID on a public jabber server which has a Facebook gateway.

&lt;pre &gt;
1. launch jabberwocky
2. if the login window doesn't appear on launch, select 'account' from the jabberwocky menu
3. your jabber ID will be user@chat.facebook.com where user is your user ID
4. your password is your normal facebook password
5. to save this for next time, click the popup gadget next to the ID field

6. click the 'add' button
7. click the 'close' button
8. click the 'connect' button
&lt;/pre &gt;

you're done. you can also click the 'save as default account' button if you want. jabberwocky configured to auto-connect when launching the program, but you can configure as you like. there is amigaguide documentation included with jabberwocky.

[http://amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?topic_id=37085&amp;forum=32 Read more here]

for Facebook users, you can log-in directly to Facebook with jabberwocky. just sign in as @chat.facebook.com with your Facebook password as the password


 Twitter

For a few years, there has been added a twitter transport. Servers include [http://jabber.hot-chilli.net/ jabber.hot-chili.net],  and .

An [http://jabber.hot-chilli.net/tag/how-tos/ How-to]

:Read [http://jabber.hot-chilli.net/2010/05/09/twitter-transport-working/ more]

 Instagram 

no support at the moment best to use a web browser based client

 ICQ

The new version (beta) of StriCQ uses a newer ICQ protocol. Most of the ICQ Jabber Transports still use an older ICQ protocol. You can only talk one-way to StriCQ using the older Transports. Only the newer ICQv7 Transport lets you talk both ways to StriCQ. Look at the server lists in the first section to check.

Register on a Jabber server, e.g. this one works: http://www.jabber.de/
Then login into Jabberwocky with the following login data e.g. xxx@jabber.de / Password: xxx Now add your ICQ account under the window-&gt;Agents-&gt;&quot;Register&quot;. Now Jabberwocky connects via the Jabber.de server with your ICQ account.

 Yahoo Messenger

although yahoo! does not use xmpp protocol, you should be able to use the transport methods to gain access and post your replies

 MSN

early months of 2013 Microsoft will ditch MSN Messenger client and force everyone to use Skype...but MSN protocol and servers will keep working as usual for quite a long time....

Occasionally the Messenger servers have been experiencing problems signing in.  You may need to sign in at www.outlook.com and then try again.  It may also take multiple tries to sign in.  (This also affects you if you’re using Skype.)

You have to check each servers' Agents List to see what transports (MSN protocol, ICQ protocol, etc.) are supported or use the list address' provided in the section above. Then register with each transport (IRC, MSN, ICQ, etc.) to which you need access. After registering you can Connect to start chatting.

msn.jabber.com/registered should appear in the window.

From this [http://tech.dir.groups.yahoo.com/group/amiga-jabberwocky/message/1378 JW group] guide which  helps with this process in a clear, step by step procedure.

1. Sign up on MSN's site for a passport account. This typically involves getting a Hotmail address.

2. Log on to the Jabber server of your choice and do the following:

* Select the &quot;Windows/Agents&quot; menu option in Jabberwocky.
* Select the MSN Agent from the list presented by the server.
* Click the Register button to open a new window asking for:
**Username = passort account email address, typically your hotmail address.
**Nick = Screen name to be shown to anyone you add to your buddy list.
**Password = Password for your passport account/hotmail address.
* Click the Register button at the bottom of the new window.

3. If all goes well, you will see the MSN Gateway added to your buddy list. If not, repeat part 2 on another server. Some servers may show MSN in their list of available agents, but have not updated their software for the latest protocols used by MSN.

4. Once you are registered, you can now add people to your buddy list. Note that you need to include the '''msn.''' ahead of the servername so that it knows what gateway agent to use. Some servers may use a slight variation and require '''msg.gate.''' before the server name, so try both to see what works.

If my friend's msn was amiga@hotmail.co.uk and my jabber server was @jabber.meta.net.nz..
then amiga'''%'''hotmail.com@'''msn.'''jabber.meta.net.nz

or another the trick to import MSN contacts is that you don't type the hotmail URL but the passport URL... e.g. Instead of: goodvibe%hotmail.com@msn.jabber.com  You type: goodvibe%passport.com@msn.jabber.com 
And the thing about importing contacts I'm afraid you'll have to do it by hand, one at the time...

 Google Talk

any XMPP server will work, but you have to add your contacts manually. a google talk user is typically either @gmail.com or @talk.google.com. a true gtalk transport is nice because it brings your contacts to you and (can) also support file transfers to/from google talk users.

implement Jingle a set of extensions to the IETF's Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP)

support ended early 2014 as Google moved to Google+ Hangouts which uses it own proprietary format


===Video Player MPlayer===

Many of the menu features (such as doubling) do not work with the current version of mplayer but using

4:3
 mplayer -vf scale=800:600 file.avi

16:9
 mplayer -vf scale=854:480 file.avi

if you want gui use;
 mplayer -gui 1 &lt;other params&gt; file.avi

&lt;pre &gt;
stack 1000000

; using AspireOS 1.xx 
; copy FROM SYS:Extras/Multimedia/MPlayer/ TO RAM:MPlayer ALL CLONE &gt; Nil:

; using Icaros Desktop 1.x 
; copy FROM SYS:Tools/MPlayer/ TO RAM:MPlayer ALL CLONE &gt; Nil:

; using Icaros Desktop 2.x 
; copy FROM SYS:Utilities/MPlayer/ TO RAM:MPlayer ALL CLONE &gt; Nil:

cd RAM:MPlayer
run MPlayer -gui &gt; Nil:
;run MPlayer -gui -ao ahi_dev -playlist http://www.radio-paralax.de/listen.pls &gt; Nil: 
&lt;/pre &gt;

$ mplayer rtsp://127.0.0.1:554/sample_300kbit.mp4


MPlayer supports multicast streaming, and rtp/rtsp protocols (it might require [http://www.live555.com/openRTSP/ live555 library] to work with some streams). But you might have to build it where it's disabled. Also, multicast won't work with some AmiTCP-likes. MIAMI supported it, though.

AROS supports IPv4 (old but works) and this includes the needed address space for RTP.

If you mean multicast via RTP - mplayer handles it. You can even force UDP over TCP

-rtsp-stream-over-tcp

If the rtsp Real Time Streaming Protocol  server needs authentification:

-user -passwd


MPlayer - Menu - Open Playlist and load already downloaded .pls or .m3u file - auto starts around 4 percent cache

MPlayer - Menu - Open Stream and copy one of the .pls lines below into space allowed, press OK and press play button on main gui interface


Old 8bit 16bit remixes chip tune game music 
 
http://www.radio-paralax.de/listen.pls 

http://scenesat.com/

http://www.shoutcast.com/radio/Amiga

http://www.theoldcomputer.com/retro_radio/RetroRadio_Main.htm

http://www.kohina.com/

http://www.remix64.com/

http://retrogamer.net/forum/

http://retroasylum.podomatic.com/rss2.xml

http://retrogamesquad.com/

http://www.retronauts.com/

http://monsterfeet.com/noquarter/

http://www.retrogamingradio.com/

http://www.radiofeeds.co.uk/mp3.asp


[[#top|...to the top]]

====ZunePaint==== 

simplified typical workflow

* importing and organizing and photo management
* making global and regional local correction(s) - recalculation is necessary after each adjustment as it is not in real-time 
* exporting your images in the best format available with the preservation of metadata


Whilst achieving 80% of a great photo with just a filter, the remaining 20% comes from a manual fine-tuning of specific image attributes.


For photojournalism, documentary, and event coverage, minimal touching is recommended. Stick to Camera Raw for such shots, and limit changes to level adjustment, sharpness, noise reduction, and white balance correction.

For fashion or portrait shoots, a large amount of adjustment is allowed and usually ends up far from the original. Skin smoothing, blemish removal, eye touch-ups, etc. are common.  Might alter the background a bit to emphasize the subject.

Product photography usually requires a lot of sharpening, spot removal, and focus stacking.

For landscape shots, best results are achieved by doing the maximum amount of preparation before/while taking the shot. No amount of processing can match timing, proper lighting, correct gear, optimal settings, etc. Excessive post-processing might give you a dramatic shot but best avoided in the long term.


* White Balance - Left Amiga or F12 and K and under &quot;Misc color effects&quot; tab with a pull down for White Balance - color temperature also known as AKA tint (movies) or tones (painting) - warm temp raise red reduce green blue - cool raise blue lower red green 
* Exposure - exposure compensation, highlight/shadow recovery
* Noise Reduction - during RAW development or using external software
* Lens Corrections - distortion, vignetting, chromatic aberrations
* Detail - capture sharpening and local contrast enhancement
* Contrast - black point, levels (sliders) and curves tools (F12 and K) 
* Framing - straighten () and crop (F12 and F) 
* Refinements - color adjustments and selective enhancements - Left Amiga or F12 and K for RGB and YUV histogram tabs - 
* Resizing - enlarge for a print or downsize for the web or email (F12 and D) 
* Output Sharpening - customized for your subject matter and print/screen size


White Balance - F12 and K

scan your image for a shade which was meant to be white (neutral with each RGB value being equal) like paper or plastic which is in the same light as the subject of the picture. Use the dropper tool to select this color, similar colours will shift and you will have selected the perfect white balance for your part of the image - for the whole picture make sure RAZ or CLR button at the bottom is pressed before applying to the image above.


Exposure correction

F12 and K - YUV Y luminosity - RGB extra red tint - move red curve slightly down and move blue green curves slightly up

Workflows in practice

* Undo - Right AROS key or F12 and Z 
* Redo - Right AROS key or F12 and R

First flatten your image (if necessary) and then do a rotation until the picture looks level. 
* Crop the picture. Click the selection button and drag a box over the area of the picture you want to keep. Press the crop button and the rest of the photo will be gone. 
* Adjust your saturation, exposure, hue levels, etc., (right AROS Key and K for color correction) until you are happy with the photo. Make sure you zoom in all of the way to 100% and look the photo over, zoom back out and move around. Look for obvious problems with the picture. 
* After coloring and exposure do a sharpen (Right AROS key and E for Convolution and select drop down option needed), e.g. set the matrix to 5x5 (roughly equivalent Amount to 60%) and set the Radius to 1.0. Click OK.


And save your picture


Implemented or would like to see for simplification and ease of use

basic filters (presets) like black and white, monochrome, edge detection (sobel), motion/gaussian blur, 
* negative, sepiatone, retro vintage, night vision, colour tint, color gradient, color temperature, glows, fire, lightning, lens flare, emboss, filmic, pixelate mezzotint, antialias, etc.

adjust / cosmetic tools such as crop, 
* reshaping tools, straighten, smear, smooth, perspective, liquify, bloat, pucker, push pixels in any direction, dispersion, transform like warp, blending with soft light, page-curl, whirl, ripple, fisheye, neon,  etc. 
* red eye fixing, blemish remover, skin smoothing, teeth whitener, make eyes look brighter, desaturate,

effects like oil paint, cartoon, pencil sketch, charcoal, noise/matrix like sharpen/unsharpen, (right AROS key with A for Artistic effects) 
* blend two image, gradient blend, masking blend, explode, implode, custom collage, surreal painting, comic book style, needlepoint, stained glass, watercolor, mosaic, stencil/outline, crayon, chalk, etc.

borders such as 
* dropshadow, rounded, blurred, color tint, picture frame, film strip polaroid, bevelled edge, etc.

brushes e.g.
* frost, smoke, etc.

and manual control of

fix lens issues including vignetting (darkening), color fringing and barrel distortion, and chromatic and geometric aberration -  lens and body profiles

perspective correction

levels - directly modify the levels of the tone-values of an image, by using sliders for highlights, midtones and shadows

curves -  Color Adjustment and Brightness/Contrast

color balance

one single color transparent (alpha channel (color information/selections) for masking and/or blending ) for backgrounds, etc.

Threshold indicates how much other colors will be considered mixture of the removed color and non-removed colors

decompose layer into a set of layers with each holding a different type of pattern that is visible within the image

any selection using any selecting tools like lasso tool, marquee tool etc. the selection will temporarily be save to alpha 
If you create your image without transparency then the Alpha channel is not present, but you can add later.

File formats like .psd (Photoshop file has layers, masks etc.  contains edited sensor data. The original sensor data is no longer available) .xcf .raw .hdr

Image Picture Formats
* low dynamic range (JPEG, PNG, TIFF 8-bit), 16-bit (PPM, TIFF), typically as a 16-bit TIFF in either ProPhoto or AdobeRGB colorspace -  TIFF files are also fairly universal – although, if they contain proprietary data, such as Photoshop Adjustment Layers or Smart Filters, making them proprietary.
* linear high dynamic range (HDR) images (PFM, [http://www.openexr.com/ ILM .EXR], jpg, [http://aminet.net/util/dtype cr2] (canon tiff based), hdr, NEF, CRW, ARW, MRW, ORF, RAF (Fuji), PEF, DCR, SRF, ERF, DNG files are RAW converted to an Adobe proprietary format - a container that can embed the raw file as well as the information needed to open it) 
An old version of [http://archives.aros-exec.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/convert dcraw]

There is no single RAW file format. Each camera manufacturer has one or more unique RAW formats. RAW files contain the brightness levels data captured by the camera sensor. This data cannot be modified. A second smaller file, separate XML file, or within a database with instructions for the RAW processor to change exposure, saturation etc. The extra data can be changed but the original sensor data is still there. RAW is technically least compatible.

A raw file is high-bit (usually 12 or 14 bits of information) but a camera-generated TIFF file will be usually converted by the camera (compressed, downsampled) to 8 bits. The raw file has no embedded color balance or color space, but the TIFF has both. These three things (smaller bit depth, embedded color balance, and embedded color space) make it so that the TIFF will lose quality more quickly with image adjustments than the raw file. The camera-generated TIFF image is much more like a camera processed JPEG than a raw file. A strong advantage goes to the raw file. The power of RAW files, such as the ability to set any color temperature non-destructively and will contain more tonal values.

The principle of preserving the maximum amount of information to as late as possible in the process. The final conversion - which will always effectively represent a &quot;downsampling&quot; - should prevent as much loss as possible.

Once you save it as TIFF, you throw away some of that data irretrievably. When saving in the lossy JPEG format, you get tremendous file size savings, but you've irreversibly thrown away a lot of image data. As long as you have the RAW file, original or otherwise, you have access to all of the image data as captured.

Keyboard equivalence with Photoshop(tm) would help 

&lt;pre&gt;
File
PHOTOSHOP	SHORTCUT	GIMP
New	Ctrl+n	New
Open	Ctrl+o	Open
Close	Ctrl+w	Close
Save	Ctrl+s	Save
Save as	Shift+Ctrl+s	Save as
Revert	F12	Revert
Print	Ctrl+p	Print
Exit	Ctrl+q	Quit
 
Edit
PHOTOSHOP	SHORTCUT	GIMP
Undo/Redo (1 level)	Ctrl+z	Undo (Redo is Shift+Ctrl+z)
Cut	Ctrl+x	Cut
Copy	Ctrl+c	Copy
Paste	Ctrl+v	Paste
Paste Into	Shift+Ctrl+v	Paste Into
Fill with FG color	Alt+Backspace	Fill with FG color
Fill with BG color	Control+Backspace	Fill with BG color
 
Image/Colors
PHOTOSHOP	SHORTCUT	GIMP
Levels	Ctrl+l	Levels
Auto Contrast	Shift+Ctrl+Alt+l	Stretch Contrast (same?)
Curves	Ctrl+m	Curves
Color Balance	Ctrl+b	Color Balance
Hue/Saturation	Ctrl+u	Hue-Saturation
Desaturate	Shift+Ctrl+u	Desaturate
Invert	Ctrl+i	Invert
Default Colors	d	Default Colors
Switch Colors	x	Switch Colors
 
Layer
PHOTOSHOP	SHORTCUT	GIMP
New Layer	Shift+Ctrl+n	New Layer
Layer via Copy	Ctrl+j	Duplicate Layer
Bring (layer) to Front	Shift+Ctrl+]	Layer to Top
Send (layer) to Back	Shift+Ctrl+[	Layer to Bottom
Bring (layer) Forward	Ctrl+]	Raise Layer
Send (layer) Backward	Ctrl+[	Lower Layer
Select Top Layer	Shift+Alt+]	Select Top Layer
Select Bottom Layer	Shift+Alt+[	Select Bottom Layer
Select One Layer Forward	Alt+]	Select Previous Layer
Select One Layer Backward	Alt+[	Select Next Layer
Merge Down	Ctrl+e	Merge Down
Merge Visible	Shift+Ctrl+e	Merge Visible
Preserve Transparency	/	Keep Transparency
Cycle Modes Forwards	Shift+=	Next Layer Mode
Cycle Modes Backwards	Shift+-	Previous Layer Mode
 
Select
PHOTOSHOP	SHORTCUT	GIMP
Select All	Ctrl+a	Select All
Deselect	Ctrl+d	Select None
Inverse	Shift+Ctrl+i	Invert
Feather	Ctrl+Alt+d	Feather
 
View
PHOTOSHOP	SHORTCUT	GIMP
Zoom In	Ctrl+=	Zoom In
Zoom Out	Ctrl+-	Zoom Out
Fit on Screen	Ctrl+0	Zoom to Fit Window
Actual Pixels	Ctrl+Alt+0	Zoom 1:1
Show/Hide Extras	Ctrl+h	Toggle Show Selection (close enough?)
Show/Hide Guides	Ctrl+'	Toggle Show Guides
Show/Hide Grid	Ctrl+Alt+'	Toggle Show Grid
Show/Hide Rulers	Ctrl+r	Toggle Show Rulers
Snap	Ctrl+;	Snap to Guides
Scroll View Up	Page Up	Scroll Page Up
Scroll View Down	Page Down	Scroll Page Down
Scroll View Left	Ctrl+Page Up	Scroll Page Left
Scroll View Right	Ctrl+Page Down	Scroll Page Right
 
Window/Dialogs
PHOTOSHOP	SHORTCUT	GIMP
?	F5	Tools Dialog
Color Tab	F6	Colors Dialog
Layers Tab	F7	Layers Dialog
Info Tab	F8	Image Information
 
Tools
PHOTOSHOP         SHORTCUT     GIMP
Move Tool	v	Move Tool
Lasso Tool	l	Free Select Tool
Magic Wand Tool	w	Fuzzy Select Tool
Crop Tool	c	Crop &amp; Resize Tool
Airbrush Tool	j	Airbrush Tool
Paintbrush Tool	b	Paintbrush Tool
Clone Stamp Tool	s	Clone Stamp Tool
Eraser Tool	e	Eraser Tool
Blur Tool	r	Convolve Tool
Dodge Tool	o	DodgeBurn Tool
Type Tool	t	Text Tool
Pen Tool	p	Bezier Select Tool
Eye Dropper Tool	i	Color Picker Tool
Zoom Tool	z	Magnify Tool
Previous Brush	,	Previous Brush
Next Brush	.	Next Brush
First Brush	Shift+&lt;	First Brush
Last Brush	Shift+&gt;	Last Brush
Decrease Brush Size	[	Decrease Brush Size
Increase Brush Size	]	Increase Brush Size
Decrease Brush Hardness	{	Decrease Brush Hardness
Increase Brush Hardness	}	Increase Brush Hardness

Rectangular Marquee Tool	m	Rect Select Tool
Elliptical Marquee Tool	Shift+m	Ellipse Select Tool
Gradient Tool	g	Blend Tool
Paint Bucket Tool	Shift+g	Bucket Fill Tool 

Transform        Alt Cntrl T 


Help
PHOTOSHOP	SHORTCUT	GIMP
Help	F1	Help
Context Help	Shift+F1	Context Help
 
Misc.
PHOTOSHOP	SHORTCUT	GIMP
Last Filter	Ctrl+f	Repeat Last Filter
?	Shift+Ctrl+f	Reshow Last Filter
Preferences	Ctrl+k	Preferences
Liquify	Shift+Ctrl+x	IWarp (close enough?)
Toggle Quick Mask	q	Toggle Quick Mask
&lt;/pre&gt;


Spotlights - triangle of white opaque shape

Cutting out and/or replacing unwanted background or features - select large areas with the selection option like the Magic Wand tool (aka Color Range) or the Lasso (quick and fast) with feather 2 to soften edge or the pen tool which adds points/lines/Bézier curves (better control but slower), hold down the shift button as you click to add extra points/areas of the subject matter to remove. Increase the tolerance to cover more areas. To subtract from your selection hold down alt as you're clicking. 
* Layer masks are a better way of working than Erase they clip (black hides/hidden white visible/reveal). Clone Stamp can be simulated by   and brushes for other areas. 
* Leave the fine details like hair, fur, etc. to later with lasso and the shift key to draw a line all the way around your subject. Gradient Mapping - Inverse - Mask. i.e. Refine your selected image with edge detection and using the radius and edge options / adjuster (increase/decrease contrast) so that you will capture more fine detail from the background allowing easier removal. 
Remove fringe/halo

saving image as png rather than jpg/jpeg to keep transparency background intact.


Implemented [http://colorizer.org/ colour model representations] [http://paulbourke.net/texture_colour/colourspace/ Mathematical approach] - Photo stills are spatially 2d (h and w), but are colorimetrically 3d (r g and b, or H L S, or Y U V etc.) as well. 
* RGB - split cubed mapped color model for photos and computer graphics hardware using the light spectrum (adding and subtracting) 
* YUV - Y-Lightness U-blue/yellow V-red/cyan (similar to YPbPr and YCbCr) used in the PAL, NTSC, and SECAM composite digital TV color [http://crewofone.com/2012/chroma-subsampling-and-transcoding/#comment-7299 video]


Histograms

White balanced (neutral) if the spike happens in the same place in each channel of the RGB graphs. If not, you're not balanced. 
If you have sky you'll see the blue channel further off to the right.

RGB is best one to change colours. These elements RGB is a 3-channel format containing data for Red, Green, and Blue in your photo scale between 0 and 255. The area in a picture that appears to be brighter/whiter contains more red color as compared to the area which is relatively darker. Similarly in the green channel the area that appears to be darker contains less amount of green color as compared to the area that appears to be brighter.  Similarly in the blue channel the area appears to be darker contains less amount of blue color as compared to the area that appears to be brighter. Brightness luminance histogram also matches the green histogram more than any other color - human eye interprets green better e.g. RGB rough ratio 15/55/30%

RGBA (RGB+A, A means alpha channel) .  The alpha channel is used for &quot;alpha compositing&quot;, which can mostly be associated as &quot;opacity&quot;.  AROS deals in RGB with two digits for every color (red, green, blue), in ARGB you have two additional hex digits for the alpha channel.

The shadows are represented by the left third of the graph.  The highlights are represented by the right third.  And the midtones are, of course, in the middle.  The higher the black peaks in the graph, the more pixels are concentrated in that tonal range (total black area). 
By moving the black endpoint, which identifies the shadows (darkness) and a white light endpoint (brightness) up and down either sides of the graph, colors are adjusted based on these points. 
By dragging the central one, can increased the midtones and control the contrast, raise shadows levels, clip or softly eliminate unsafe levels, alter gamma, etc... in a way that is much more precise and creative .


RGB Curves

* Move left endpoint (black point) up or right endpoint (white point) up brightens 
* Move left endpoint down or right endpoint down darkens

Color Curves

* Dragging up on the Red Curve increases the intensity of the reds in the image but 
* Dragging down on the Red Curve decreases the intensity of the reds and thus increases the apparent intensity of its complimentary color, cyan. Green’s complimentary color is magenta, and blue’s is yellow.
&lt;pre&gt;
 Red &lt;-&gt; Cyan
 Green &lt;-&gt;Magenta
 Blue &lt;-&gt;Yellow 
&lt;/pre&gt;

YUV Best option to analyse and pull out statistical elements of any picture (i.e.  separate luminance data from color data). The line in Y luma tone box represents the brightness of the image with the point in the bottom left been black, and the point in the top right as white.  A low-contrast image has a concentrated clump of values nearer to the center of the graph. By comparison, a high-contrast image has a wider distribution of values across the entire width of the Histogram.   A histogram that is skewed to the right would indicate a picture that is a bit overexposed because most of the color data is on the lighter side (increase exposure with higher value F), while a histogram with the curve on the left shows a picture that is underexposed. This is good information to have when using post-processing software because it shows you not only where the color data exists for a given picture, but also where any data has been clipped (extremes on edges of either side): that is, it does not exist and, therefore, cannot be edited.  By dragging the endpoints of the line and as well as the central one, can increased the dark/shadows, midtones and light/bright parts and control the contrast, raise shadows levels, clip or softly eliminate unsafe levels, alter gamma, etc... in a way that is much more precise and creative .

The U and V chroma parts show color difference components of the image. It’s useful for checking whether or not the overall chroma is too high, and also whether it’s being limited too much
Can be used to create a negative image but also 
With U (Cb), the higher value you are, the more you're on the blue primary color. If you go to the low values then you're on blue complementary color, i.e. yellow.
With V (Cr), this is the same principle but with Red and Cyan.
e.g. If you push U full blue and V full red, you get magenta. If you push U full yellow and V full Cyan then you get green.

YUV simultaneously adds to one side of the color equation while subtracting from the other.  
using YUV to do color correction can be very problematic because each curve alters the result of each other: the mutual influence between U and V often makes things tricky. You may also be careful in what you do to avoid the raise of noise (which happens very easily). Best results are obtained with little adjustments

sunset that looks uninspiring and needs some color pop especially for the rays over the hill, a subtle contrast raise while setting luma values back to the legal range without hard clipping.


====Lunapaint====

Pixel based drawing app with onion-skin animation function

 Blocking, Shading, Coloring, adding detail 

&lt;pre&gt;
b BRUSH
e ERASER

alt eyedropper 
v layer tool 

z ZOOM / MAGNIFY &lt; &gt; n 
spc panning 
m  marque 
q lasso 
w same color selection / region 
&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;
, LM RM
v 
V
f  filter 
F 
.  size 

p 
,  pick color 
[] last / next color 
&lt;/pre&gt;


There is not much missing in Lunapaint to be as good as FlipBook and then you have to take into account that Flipbook is considered to be amongst the best and easiest to use animation software out there. Ok to be honest Flipbook has some nice features that require more heavy work but those aren't so much needed right away, things like camera effects, sound, smart fill, export to different movie file formats etc.

Tried Flipbook with my tablet and compared it to Luna. The feeling is the same when sketching. LunaPaint is very responsive/fluent to draw with. Just as Flipbook is, and that responsiveness is something its users have mentioned as one of the positive sides of said software.

 author was learning MUI. Some parts just have to be rewritten with proper MUI classes before new features can be added.

* add [Frame Add] / [Frame Del]
* whole animation feature is impossible to use. If you draw 2 color maybe but if you start coloring your cells then you get in trouble
* pickup the entire image as a brush, not just a selection ? And consequently remove the brush from memory when one doesn't need it anymore. can pick up a brush and put it onto a new image but cropping isn't possible, nor to load/save brushes.
* Undo is something I longed for ages in Lunapaint.
* to import into the current layer, other types of images (e.g. JPEG) besides RAW64.
* implement graphic tablet features support


**GENERAL DRAWING**

Miss it very much:
UNDO
ERASER
COLORPICKER - has to show on palette too which color got picked.
BACKGROUND COLOR -Possibility to select from &quot;New project screen&quot;

Miss it somewhat:
ICON for UNDO
ICON for ERASER
ICON for CLEAR SCREEN ( What can I say? I start over from scratch very often )
BRUSH - possibility to cut out as brush not just copy off image to brush

**ANIMATING**

Miss it very much:
NUMBER OF CELLS - Possibity to change total no. of cells during project
ANIM BRUSH - Possibility to pick up a selected part of cells into an animbrush

Miss it somewhat:
ADD/REMOVE FRAMES: Add/remove single frame

In general LunaPaint is really well done and it feels like a new DeluxePaint version. It works with my tablet. Sure there's much missing of course but things can always be added over time. So there is great potential in LunaPaint that's for sure. Animations could be made in it and maybe put together in QuickVideo, saving in .gif or .mng etc some day.


LAYERS
-Layers names don't get saved globally in animation frames
-Layers order don't change globally in an animation (perhaps as default?).

EXPORTING IMAGES
-Exporting frames to JPG/PNG gives problems with colors. (wrong colors. See my animatiopn --&gt; My robot was blue now it's &quot;gold&quot; ) I think this only happens if you have layers.
-Trying to flatten the layers before export doesn't work if you have animation frames only the one you have visible will flatten properly all other frames are destroyed. (Only one of the layers are visible on them)
-Exporting images filenames should be for example e.g. file0001, file0002...file0010 instead as of now file1, file2...file10

LOAD/SAVE (Preferences)
-Make a setting for the default &quot;Work&quot; folder.

* Destroyed colors if exported image/frame has layers 
* mystic color cycling of the selected color while stepping frames back/forth (annoying)

&lt;pre&gt;
Deluxe Paint II enhanced key shortcuts 
    NOTE: @ denotes the ALT key

    [Technique]

    F1  - Paint
    F2  - Single Colour
    F3  - Replace
    F4  - Smear
    F5  - Shade
    F6  - Cycle
    F7  - Smooth
     M  - Colour Cycle

    [Brush]

     B  - Restore
     O  - Outline
     h  - Halve brush size
     H  - Double brush size
     x  - Flip brush on X axis
     X  - Double brush size on X axis only
     y  - Flip on Y 
     Y  - Double on Y
     z  - Rotate brush 90 degrees
     Z  - Stretch

    [Stencil]

     `  - Stencil On

    [Miscellaneous]

    F9  - Info Bar
    F10 - Selection Bar
    @o  - Co-Ordinates
    @a  - Anti-alias
    @r  - Colourise
    @t  - Translucent
    TAB - Colour Cycle

    [Picture]

     L  - Load
     S  - Save
     j  - Page to Spare(Flip)
     J  - Page to Spare(Copy)
     V  - View Page
     Q  - Quit

    [General Keys]

     m  - Magnify
     &lt;  - Zoom In
     &gt;  - Zoom Out
     [  - Palette Colour Up
     ]  - Palette Colour Down
     (  - Palette Colour Left
     )  - Palette Colour Right
     ,  - Eye Dropper
     .  - Pixel / Brush Toggle
     /  - Symmetry
     |  - Co-Ordinates
    INS - Perspective Control
    +/- - Brush Size (Fine Control)
     w  - Unfilled Polygon
     W  - Filled Polygon
     e  - Unfilled Ellipse
     E  - Filled Ellipse
     r  - Unfilled Rectangle
     R  - Filled Rectangle
     t  - Type/text tool
     a  - Select Font
    u/U - Undo
     d  - Brush
     D  - Filled Non-Uniform Polygon
    f/F - Fill Options
    g/G - Grid
    h/H - Brush Size (Coarse Control)
     K  - Clear
     c  - Unfilled Circle
     C  - Filled Circle
     v  - Line
     b  - Scissor Select and Toggle
     B  - Brush
    {,} - Toggle between two background colours
&lt;/pre&gt;

====Lodepaint====

Pixel based painting artwork app

====Grafx2====

Pixel based painting artwork app aesprite like 

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=59Y6OTzNrhk aesprite workflow keys and tablet use], [], 


====Vector Graphics VectorCrafθ====


Undo 	Ctrl + Z 
Redo 	Shift + Ctrl + Z 
Cut 	Ctrl + X 
Copy 	Ctrl + C 
Paste 	Ctrl + V 
Paste in front 	Ctrl + F 
Paste at back 	Ctrl + B 
Paste in place 	Shift + Ctrl + V 
Paste on all artboards 	Alt + Shift + Ctrl + V 
Check spelling 	Ctrl + I 
Open Color Settings 	Shift + Ctrl + K 
Open Keyboard Shortcuts 	Alt + Shift + Ctrl + K 
Open Preferences 	Ctrl + K


Tool 	Shortcut
Selection 	V
Direct Selection 	A
Pen 	P
Type 	T
Rectangle 	M
Ellipse 	L
Paintbrush 	B
Gradient 	G
Eyedropper 	I
Zoom 	Z


v - gets you to regular mouse

a - direct select tool

p - pen tool

(negative symbol) - subtract anchor point tool

(positive symbol) - add anchor point tool

Shift+c - anchor point altering tool

i - eye dropper tool 


Space bar - grab hand for moving around the document

Cntrl + space bar - zoom in Cmd + opt + space bar - zoom out

Cntrl + 0 (zero) - view whole artboard

Cntrl + Y - toggle between artwork and preview mode

Cntrl + U - smart guides on/off

ctrl/alt/shift P - Offset Path


Shortcut 	Explanation
ctrl + ] 	moves the selected object one closer to the top
ctrl + shift + ] 	moves the selected object straight to top
ctrl + [ 	moves the selected object one closer to the bottom
ctrl + shift + [ 	moves the selected object straight to bottom 


====Vector Graphics ZuneFIG====

Vector Image Editing of files .svg .ps .eps


*Objects - raise lower rotate flip aligning snapping 
*Path - unify subtract intersect exclude divide 
*Colour - fill stroke 
*Stroke - size 
*Brushes - 
*Layers - 
*Effects - gaussian bevels glows shadows 
*Text    - 
*Transform - 


 AmiFIG ([http://epb.lbl.gov/xfig/frm_introduction.html xfig manual]) 

[[File:MyScreen.png|thumb|left|alt=Showing all Windows open in AmiFIG.|All windows available to AmiFIG.]]

for drawing simple to intermediate vector graphic images for scientific and technical uses and for illustration purposes for those with talent

;Menu options
* Load - fig format but import(s) SVG
* Save - fig format but export(s) eps, ps, pdf, svg and png
* PAN = Ctrl + Arrow keys 
* Deselect all points

There is no selected object until you apply the tool, and the selected object is not highlighted.

;Metrics - to set up page and styles - first window to open on new drawings

;Tools - Drawing Primitives - set Attributes window first before clicking any Tools button(s) 
* Shapes - circles, ellipses, arcs, splines, boxes,  polygon 
* Lines - polylines
* Text &quot;T&quot; button 
* Photos - bitmaps
* Compound - Glue, Break, Scale 
* POINTs - Move, Add, Remove 
* Objects - Move, Copy, Delete, Mirror, Rotate, Paste 
use right mouse button to stop extra lines, shapes being formed and the left mouse to select/deselect tools button(s)
* Rotate - moves in 90 degree turns centered on clicked POINT of a polygon or square

;Attributes which provide change(s) to the above primitives 
* Color
* Line Width
* Line Style
* arrowheads

;Modes 
Choose from freehand, charts, figures, magnet, etc.

;Library - allows .fig clip-art to be stored 
* compound tools to add .fig(s) together

;FIG 3.2 [http://epb.lbl.gov/xfig/fig-format.html Format] as produced by xfig version 3.2.5 
&lt;pre&gt;
Landscape
Center
Inches
Letter 
100.00
Single
-2
1200 2
4 0 0 50 -1 0 12 0.0000 4 135 1050 1050 2475 This is a test.01
&lt;/pre&gt;

# change the text alignment within the textbox. I can choose left, center, or right aligned by either changing the integer in the second column from 0 (left) to 1 or 2 (center, or right). 
# The third integer in the row specifies fontcolor. For instance, 0 is black, but blue is 1 and Green3 is 13.
# The sixth integer in the bottom row specifies fontface. 0 is Times-Roman, but 16 is Helvetica (a MATLAB default).
# The seventh number is fontsize. 12 represents a 12pt fontsize. Changing the fontsize of an item really is as easy as changing that number to 20.
# The next number is the counter-clockwise angle of the text. Notice that I have changed the angle to .7854 (pi/4 rounded to four digits=45 degrees).
# twelfth number is the position according to the standard “x-axis” in Xfig units from the left. Note that 1200 Xfig units is equivalent to once inch.
# thirteenth number is the “y-position” from the top using the same unit convention as before.

* The nested text string is what you entered into the textbox.
* The “01″ present at the end of that line in the .fig file is the closing tag. For instance, a change to \100 appends a @ symbol at the end of the period of that sentence.

; Just to note there are no layers, no 3d functions, no shading, no transparency, no animation


[[#top|...to the top]]

===Audio===


# AHI uses linear panning/balance, which means that in the center, you will get -6dB. If an app uses panning, this is what you will get. Note that apps like Audio Evolution need panning, so they will have this problem.

# When using AHI Hifi modes, mixing is done in 32-bit and sent as 32-bit data to the driver. The Envy24HT driver uses that to output at 24-bit (always).

# For the Envy24/Envy24HT, I've made 16-bit and 24-bit inputs (called Line-in 16-bit, Line-in 24-bit etc.). There is unfortunately no app that can handle 24-bit recording.


====Music Mods====

Digital module (mods) trackers are music creation software using samples and sometimes soundfonts, audio plugins (VST, AU or RTAS), MIDI.

Generally, MODs are similar to MIDI in that they contain note on/off and other sequence messages that control the mod player. Unlike (most) midi files, however, they also contain sound samples that the sequence information actually plays. MOD files can have many channels (classic amiga mods have 4, corresponding to the inbuilt sound channels), but unlike MIDI, each channel can typically play only one note at once. However, since that note might be a sample of a chord, a drumloop or other complex sound, this is not as limiting as it sounds.

Like MIDI, notes will play indefinitely if they're not instructed to end. Most trackers record this information automatically if you play your music in live. If you're using manual note entry, you can enter a note-off command with a keyboard shortcut - usually Caps Lock.

In fact when considering file size MOD is not always the best option. Even a dummy song wastes few kilobytes for nothing when a simple SID tune could be few hundreds bytes and not bigger than 64kB. AHX is another small format, AHX tunes are never larger than 64kB excluding comments.

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rXXsZfwgil Protrekkr] (previously aka [w:Juan_Antonio_Arguelles_Rius|NoiseTrekkr])

If Protrekkr does not start, please check if the Unit 0 has been setup in the AHI prefs and still not, go to the directory utilities/protrekkr and double click on the Protrekkr icon

*Sample
*Note - Effect 
*Track (column) - Pattern - Order

It all starts with the Sample which is used to create Note(s) in a Track (column of a tracker) 
The Note can be changed with an Effect.  A Track of Note(s) can be collected into a Pattern (section of a song) and these can be given Order to create the whole song.

Patience (notes have to be entered one at a time) or playing the bassline on a midi controller (faster - see midi section above).  Best approach is to wait until a melody popped into your head.

*Up-tempo means the track should be reasonably fast, but not super-fast. 
*Groovy and funky imply the track should have some sort of &quot;swing&quot; feel, with plenty of syncopation or off beat emphasis and a recognizable, melodic bass line. 
*Sweet and happy mean upbeat melodies, a major key and avoiding harsh sounds.
*Moody - minor key

First, create a quick bass sound, which is basically a sine wave, but can be hand drawn for a little more variance. It could also work for the melody part, too.

This is usually a bass guitar or some kind of synthesizer bass. The bass line is often forgotten by inexperienced composers, but it plays an important role in a musical piece. Together with the rhythm section the bass line forms the groove of a song. It's the glue between the rhythm section and the melodic layer of a song.

The drums are just pink noise samples, played at different frequencies to get a slightly different sound for the kick, snare, and hihats.

Instruments that fall into the rhythm category are bass drums, snares, hi-hats, toms, cymbals, congas, tambourines, shakers, etc. Any percussive instrument can be used to form part of the rhythm section.

The lead is the instrument that plays the main melody, on top of the chords. There are many instruments that can play a lead section, like a guitar, a piano, a saxophone or a flute. The list is almost endless. There is a lot of overlap with instruments that play chords. Often in one piece an instrument serves both roles. The lead melody is often played at a higher pitch than the chords.

Listened back to what was produced so far, and a counter-melody can be imagined, which can be added with a triangle wave.

To give the ends of phrases some life, you can add a solo part with a crunchy synth. By hitting random notes in the key of G, then edited a few of them.

For the climax of the song, filled out the texture with a gentle high-pitch pad… …and a grungy bass synth.


The arrow at A points at the pattern order list. As you see, the patterns don't have to be in numerical order. This song starts with pattern &quot;00&quot;, then pattern &quot;02&quot;, then &quot;03&quot;, then &quot;01&quot;, etcetera. Patterns may be repeated throughout a song.

The B arrow points at the song title. Below it are the global BPM and speed parameters. These determine the tempo of the song, unless the tempo is altered through effect commands during the song.

The C arrow points at the list of instruments. An instrument may consist of multiple samples. Which sample will be played depends on the note. This can be set in the Instrument Editing screen. Most instruments will consist of just one sample, though. The sample list for the selected instrument can be found under arrow D.

Here's a part of the main editing screen. This is where you put in actual notes. Up to 32 channels can be used, meaning 32 sounds can play simultaneously. The first six channels of pattern &quot;03&quot; at order &quot;02&quot; are shown here. The arrow at A points at the row number. The B arrow points at the note to play, in this case a C4. The column pointed at by the C arrow tells us which instrument is associated with that note, in this case instrument #1 &quot;Kick&quot;.

The column at D is used (mainly) for volume commands. In this case it is left empty which means the instrument should play at its default volume. You can see the volume column being used in channel #6.

The E column tells us which effect to use and any parameters for that effect. In this case it holds the &quot;F&quot; effect, which is a tempo command. The &quot;04&quot; means it should play at tempo 4 (a smaller number means faster).

Base pattern

When I create a new track I start with what I call the base pattern. It is worthwhile to spend some time polishing it as a lot of the ideas in the base pattern will be copied and used in other patterns. At least, that's how I work. Every musician will have his own way of working. In &quot;Wild Bunnies&quot; the base pattern is pattern &quot;03&quot; at order &quot;02&quot;.

In the section about selecting samples I talked about the four different categories of instruments: drums, bass, chords and leads. That's also how I usually go about making the base pattern. I start by making a drum pattern, then add a bass line, place some chords and top it off with a lead. This forms the base pattern from which the rest of the song will grow.


Drums

Here's a screenshot of the first four rows of the base pattern. I usually reserve the first four channels or so for the drum instruments. Right away there are a couple of tricks shown here. In the first channel the kick, or bass drum, plays some notes. Note the alternating F04 and F02 commands. The &quot;F&quot; command alters the tempo of the song and by quickly alternating the tempo; the song will get some kind of &quot;swing&quot; feel.

In the second channel the closed hi-hat plays a fairly simple pattern. Further down in the channel, not shown here, some open hi-hat notes are added for a bit of variation.

In the third and fourth channel the snare sample plays. The &quot;8&quot; command is for panning. One note is panned hard to the left and the other hard to the right. One sample is played a semitone lower than the other. This results in a cool flanging effect. It makes the snare stand out a little more in the mix.


Bass line

There are two different instruments used for the bass line. Instrument #6 is a pretty standard synthesized bass sound. Instrument #A sounds a bit like a slap bass when used with a quick fade out. By using two different instruments the bass line sounds a bit more ”human”. The volume command is used to cut off the notes. However, it is never set to zero. Setting the volume to a very small value will result in a reverb-like effect. This makes the song sound more &quot;live&quot;.

The bass line hints at the chords that will be played and the key the song will be in. In this case the key of the song is D-major, a positive and happy key.


Chords

The D major chords that are being played here are chords stabs; short sounds with a quick decay (fade out). Two different instruments (#8 and #9) are used to form the chords. These instruments are quite similar, but have a slightly different sound, panning and volume decay. Again, the reason for this is to make the sound more human. The volume command is used on some chords to simulate a delay, to achieve more of a live feel. The chords are placed off-beat making for a funky rhythm.


Lead

Finally the lead melody is added. The other instruments are invaluable in holding the track together, but the lead melody is usually what catches people's attention.

A lot of notes and commands are used here, but it looks more complex than it is. A stepwise ascending melody plays in channel 13. Channel 14 and 15 copy this melody, but play it a few rows later at a lower volume. This creates an echo effect. A bit of panning is used on the notes to create some stereo depth. Like with the bass line, instead of cutting off notes the volume is set to low values for a reverb effect. The &quot;461&quot; effect adds a little vibrato to the note, which sounds nice on sustained notes.

Those paying close attention may notice the instrument used here for the lead melody is the same as the one used for the bass line (#6 &quot;Square&quot;), except played two or three octaves higher. This instrument is a looped square wave sample. Each type of wave has its own quirks, but the square wave (shown below) is a really versatile wave form.

Song structure

Good, catchy songs are often carefully structured into sections, some of which are repeated throughout the song with small variations.

A typical pop-song structure is: Intro - Verse - Chorus - Verse - Chorus - Bridge - Chorus.

Other single sectional song structures are

&lt;pre&gt;
Strophic or AAA Song Form - oldest story telling with refrain (often title of the song) repeated in every verse section melody 
AABA Song Form - early popular, jazz and gospel fading during the 1960s 
AB or Verse/Chorus Song Form - songwriting format of choice for modern popular music since the 1960s 
Verse/Chorus/Bridge Song Form
ABAB Song Form
ABAC Song Form
ABCD Song Form
AAB 12-Bar Song Form - three four-bar lines or sub-sections 
8-Bar Song Form
16-Bar Song Form
Hybrid / Compound Song Forms
&lt;/pre&gt;

The most common building blocks are:

#INTRODUCTION(INTRO)
#VERSE
#REFRAIN
#PRE-CHORUS / RISE / CLIMB
#CHORUS
#BRIDGE
#MIDDLE EIGHT
#SOLO / INSTRUMENTAL BREAK
#COLLISION
#CODA / OUTRO
#AD LIB (OFTEN IN CODA / OUTRO)

The chorus usually has more energy than the verse and often has a memorable melody line. As the chorus is repeated the most often during the song, it will be the part that people will remember.

The bridge often marks a change of direction in the song. It is not uncommon to change keys in the bridge, or at least to use a different chord sequence. The bridge is used to build up tension towards the big finale, the last repetition of chorus.


 Playing

RCTRL:                           Play song from row 0.

LSHIFT + RCTRL:                  Play song from current row.

RALT:                            Play pattern from row 0.

LSHIFT + RALT:                   Play pattern from current row.

Left mouse on '&gt;':               Play song from row 0.

Right mouse on '&gt;':              Play song from current row.

Left mouse on '|&gt;':              Play pattern from row 0.

Right mouse on '|&gt;':             Play pattern from current row.

Left mouse on 'Edit/Record':     Edit mode on/off.

Right mouse on 'Edit/Record':    Record mode on/off.


 Editing 


LSHIFT + ESCAPE:                 Switch large patterns view on/off

TAB:                    Go to next track

LSHIFT + TAB:                    Go to prev. track

LCTRL + TAB:                    Go to next note in track

LCTRL + LSHIFT + TAB:           Go to prev. note in track

SPACE:                           Toggle Edit mode On &amp; Off

(Also stop if the song is being played)

SHIFT SPACE:                     Toggle Record mode On &amp; Off

(Wait for a key note to be pressed

or a midi in message to be received)

DOWN ARROW:                      1 Line down

UP ARROW:                        1 Line up

LEFT ARROW:                      1 Row left

RIGHT ARROW:                     1 Row right

PREV. PAGE:                      16 Arrows Up

NEXT PAGE:                       16 Arrows Down

HOME / END:                      Top left / Bottom right of pattern

LCTRL + HOME / END:              First / last track

F5, F6, F7, F8, F9:              Jump to 0, 1/4, 2/4, 3/4, 4/4 lines of the patterns

+ - (Numeric keypad):           Next / Previous pattern

LCTRL + LEFT / RIGHT:           Next / Previous pattern

LCTRL + LALT + LEFT / RIGHT:    Next / Previous position

LALT + LEFT / RIGHT:           Next / Previous instrument

LSHIFT + M:                      Toggle mute state of the current channel

LCTRL + LSHIFT + M:             Solo the current track / Unmute all

LSHIFT + F1 to F11:              Select a tab/panel

LCTRL + 1 to 4:                 Select a copy buffer


 Tracking 

1st and 2nd keys rows:           Upper octave row

3rd and 4th keys rows:           Lower octave row

RSHIFT:                          Insert a note off

/ and * (Numeric keypad)

or F1 F2:                        -1 or +1 octave

INSERT / BACKSPACE:              Insert or Delete a line in current track

or current selected block.

LSHIFT + INSERT / BACKSPACE:     Insert or Delete a line in current pattern

DELETE (NOT BACKSPACE):          Empty a column or a selected block.


 Blocks

(Blocks can also be selected with the mouse by holding the right button and scrolling the pattern with the mouse wheel).


LCTRL + A:          Select entire current track

LCTRL + LSHIFT + A: Select entire current pattern

LALT + A:          Select entire column note in a track

LALT + LSHIFT + A: Select all notes of a track

LCTRL + X:          Cut the selected block and copy it into the block-buffer

LCTRL + C:          Copy the selected block into the block-buffer

LCTRL + V:          Paste the data from the block buffer into the pattern

LCTRL + I:          Interpolate selected data from the first to the last row of a selection

LSHIFT + ARROWS

PREV. PAGE

NEXT PAGE: Select a block

LCTRL + R:          Randomize the select columns of a selection, works similar to CTRL + I (interpolating them)

LCTRL + U:          Transpose the note of a selection to 1 seminote higher

LCTRL + D:          Transpose the note of a selection to 1 seminote lower

LCTRL + LSHIFT + U: Transpose the note of a selection to 1 seminote higher (only for the current instrument)

LCTRL + LSHIFT + D: Transpose the note of a selection to 1 seminote lower  (only for the current instrument)

LCTRL + H:          Transpose the note of a selection to 1 octave higher

LCTRL + L:          Transpose the note of a selection to 1 octave lower

LCTRL + LSHIFT + H: Transpose the note of a selection to 1 octave higher (only for the current instrument)

LCTRL + LSHIFT + L: Transpose the note of a selection to 1 octave lower (only for the current instrument)

LCTRL + W:          Save the current selection into a file


 Misc 


LALT + ENTER:     Switch between full screen / windowed mode

LALT + F4:        Exit program (Windows only)

LCTRL + S:         Save current module

LSHIFT + S:         Switch top right panel to synths list

LSHIFT + I:         Switch top right panel to instruments list


&lt;pre&gt;
C-x   xh xx xx hhhh             Volume 
B-x   xh xx xx hhhh             Jump to 
A#x  xh xx xx hhhh hhhh   Slide 
F-x    xh xx xx hhhh            Tempo 
D-x   xh xx xx hhhh             Pattern Break 
G#x  xh xx xx hhhh
&lt;/pre&gt;

h Hex 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F 10 11 12 13

d Dec 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10  11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

The Set Volume command: C. Input a note, then move the cursor to the effects command column and type a C. Play the pattern, and you shouldn't be able to hear the note you placed the C by. This is because the effect parameters are 00. Change the two zeros to a 40(Hex)/64(Dec), depending on what your tracker uses. Play back the pattern again, and the note should come in at full volume.

The Position Jump command next. This is just a B followed by the position in the playing list that you want to jump to. One thing to remember is that the playing list always starts at 0, not 1. This command is usually in Hex.

Onto the volume slide command: A. This is slightly more complex (much more if you're using a newer tracker, if you want to achieve the results here, then set slides to Amiga, not linear), due to the fact it depends on the secondary tempo. For now set a secondary tempo of 06 (you can play around later), load a long or looped sample and input a note or two. A few rows after a note type in the effect command A. For the parameters use 0F. Play back the pattern, and you should notice that when the effect kicks in, the sample drops to a very low volume very quickly. Change the effect parameters to F0, and use a low volume command on the note. Play back the pattern, and when the slide kicks in the volume of the note should increase very quickly.
This because each part of the effect parameters for command A does a different thing. The first number slides the volume up, and the second slides it down. It's not recommended that you use both a volume up and volume down at the same time, due to the fact the tracker only looks for the first number that isn't set to 0. If you specify parameters of 8F, the tracker will see the 8, ignore the F, and slide the volume up. Using a slide up and down at same time just makes you look stupid. Don't do it...

The Set Tempo command: F, is pretty easy to understand. You simply specify the BPM (in Hex) that you want to change to. One important thing to note is that values of lower than 20 (Hex) sets the secondary tempo rather than the primary.

Another useful command is the Pattern Break: D. This will stop the playing of the current pattern and skip to the next one in the playing list. By using parameters of more than 00 you can also specify which line to begin playing from.

Command 3 is Portamento to Note. This slides the currently playing note to another note, at a specified speed. The slide then stops when it reaches the desired note. 
&lt;pre&gt;
   C-2 1 000 - Starts the note playing
   ---      000
   C-3    330 - Starts the slide to C-3 at a speed of 30.
   ---     300 - Continues the slide
   ---     300 - Continues the slide
&lt;/pre&gt;
Once the parameters have been set, the command can be input again without any parameters, and it'll still perform the same function unless you change the parameters. This memory function allows certain commands to function correctly, such as command 5, which is the Portamento to Note and Volume Slide command. Once command 3 has been set up command 5 will simply take the parameters from that and perform a Portamento to Note. Any parameters set up for command 5 itself simply perform a Volume Slide identical to command A at the same time as the Portamento to Note.

This memory function will only operate in the same channel where the original parameters were set up.
There are various other commands which perform two functions at once. They will be described as we come across them.

C-3  04  ..  ..  09  00 ---&gt; C-3  04  ..  ..  09  00

C-3  04  ..  ..  09  00 ---&gt; C-3  04  ..  ..  09  02

C-3  04  ..  ..  09  00 ---&gt; C-3  04  ..  ..  09  05

C-3  04  ..  ..  09  00 ---&gt; C-3  04  ..  ..  09  08

C-3  04  ..  ..  09  00 ---&gt; C-3  04  ..  ..  09  0A

C-3  04  ..  ..  09  00 ---&gt; C-3  04  ..  ..  09  0D

C-3  04  ..  ..  09  10 ---&gt; C-3  04  ..  ..  09  10

(You can also switch on the Slider Rec to On, and perform parameter-live-recording, such as cutoff transitions, resonance or panning tweaking, etc..)  Note: this command only works for volume/panning and fx datas columns.


The next command we'll look at is the Portamento up/down: 1 and 2. Command 1 slides the pitch up at a specified speed, and 2 slides it down. This command works in a similar way to the volume slide, in that it is dependent on the secondary tempo. Both these commands have a memory dependent on each other, if you set the slide to a speed of 3 with the 1 command, a 2 command with no parameters will use the speed of 3 from the 1 command, and vice versa.

Command 4 is Vibrato. Vibrato is basically rapid changes in pitch, just try it, and you'll see what I mean. Parameters are in the format of xy, where x is the speed of the slide, and y is the depth of the slide. One important point to remember is to keep your vibratos subtle and natural so a depth of 3 or less and a reasonably fast speed, around 8, is usually used. Setting the depth too high can make the part sound out of tune from the rest.
Following on from command 4 is command 6. This is the Vibrato and Volume Slide command, and it has a memory like command 5, which you already know how to use.

Command 7 is Tremolo. This is similar to vibrato. Rather than changing the pitch it slides the volume. The effect parameters are in exactly the same format.   vibrato effect (0x1dxy) x = speed y = depth (can't be used if arpeggio (0x1b) is turned on) 

&lt;pre&gt;
 C-7 00 .. .. 1B37 &lt;-  Turn Arpeggio effect on
  --- .. .. .. 0000
  --- .. .. .. 0000
  --- .. .. .. 0000
  --- .. .. .. 1B38 &lt;- Change datas
  --- .. .. .. 0000
  --- .. .. .. 0000
  --- .. .. .. 0000
  --- .. .. .. 1B00 &lt;- Turn it off
&lt;/pre&gt;

Command 9 is Sample Offset. This starts the playback of the sample from a different place than the start. The effect parameters specify the sample offset, but only very roughly. Say you have a sample which is 8765(Hex) bytes long, and you wanted it to play from position 4321(Hex). The effect parameter could only be as accurate as the 43 part, and it would ignore the 21.

Command B is the Playing List/Order Jump command. The parameters specify the position in the Playing List/Order to jump to. When used in conjunction with command D you can specify the position and the line to play from.

Command E is pretty complex, as it is used for a lot of different things, depending on what the first parameter is. Let's take a trip through each effect in order.
Command E0 controls the hardware filter on an Amiga, which, as a low pass filter, cuts off the highest frequencies being played back. There are very few players and trackers on other system that simulate this function, not that you should need to use it. The second parameter, if set to 1, turns on the filter. If set to 0, the filter gets turned off.

Commands E1/E2 are Fine Portamento Up/Down. Exactly the same functions as commands 1/2, except that they only slide the pitch by a very small amount. These commands have a memory the same as 1/2 as well.

Command E3 sets the Glissando control. If parameters are set to 1 then when using command 3, any sliding will only use the notes in between the original note and the note being slid to. This produces a somewhat jumpier slide than usual. The best way to understand is to try it out for yourself. Produce a slow slide with command 3, listen to it, and then try using E31.

Command E4 is the Set Vibrato Waveform control. This command controls how the vibrato command slides the pitch. Parameters are 0 - Sine, 1 - Ramp Down (Saw), 2 - Square. By adding 4 to the parameters, the waveform will not be restarted when a new note is played e.g. 5 - Sine without restart.

Command E5 sets the Fine Tune of the instrument being played, but only for the particular note being played. It will override the default Fine Tune for the instrument. The parameters range from 0 to F, with 0 being -8 and F being +8 Fine Tune. A parameter of 8 gives no Fine Tune. If you're using a newer tracker that supports more than -8 to +8 e.g. -128 to +128, these parameters will give a rough Fine Tune, accurate to the nearest 16.

Command E6 is the Jump Loop command. You mark the beginning of the part of a pattern that you want to loop with E60, and then specify with E6x the end of the loop, where x is the number of times you want it to loop.

Command E7 is the Set Tremolo Waveform control. This has exactly the same parameters as command E4, except that it works for Tremolo rather than Vibrato.

Command E9 is for Retriggering the note quickly. The parameter specifies the interval between the retrigs. Use a value of less than the current secondary tempo, or else the note will not get retrigged.

Command EA/B are for Fine Volume Slide Up/Down. Much the same as the normal Volume Slides, except that these are easier to control since they don't depend on the secondary tempo. The parameters specify the amount to slide by e.g. if you have a sample playing at a volume of 08 (Hex) then the effect EA1 will slide this volume to 09 (Hex). A subsequent effect of EB4 would slide this volume down to 05 (Hex).

Command EC is the Note Cut. This sets the volume of the currently playing note to 0 at a specified tick. The parameters should be lower than the secondary tempo or else the effect won't work.

Command ED is the Note Delay. This should be used at the same time as a note is to be played, and the parameters will specify the number of ticks to delay playing the note. Again, keep the parameters lower than the secondary tempo, or the note won't get played!

Command EE is the Pattern Delay. This delays the pattern for the amount of time it would take to play a certain number of rows. The parameters specify how many rows to delay for.

Command EF is the Funk Repeat command. Set the sample loop to 0-1000. When EFx is used, the loop will be moved to 1000- 2000, then to 2000-3000 etc. After 9000-10000 the loop is set back to 0- 1000. The speed of the loop &quot;movement&quot; is defined by x. E is two times as slow as F, D is three times as slow as F etc. EF0 will turn the Funk Repeat off and reset the loop (to 0-1000).

effects 0x41 and 0x42 to control the volumes of the 2 303 units

There is a dedicated panel for synth parameter editing with coherent sections (osc, filter modulation, routing, so on) the interface is much nicer, much better to navigate with customizable colors, the reverb is now customizable (10 delay lines), It accepts newer types of Waves (higher bit rates, at least 24). Has a replay routine.

It's pretty much your basic VA synth. The problem isn't with the sampler being to high it's the synth is tuned two octaves too low, but if you want your samples tuned down just set the base note down 2 octaves (in the instrument panel).

so the synth is basically divided into 3 sections from left to right: oscillators/envelopes, then filter and LFO's, and in the right column you have mod routings and global settings.

for the oscillator section you have two normal oscillators (sine, saw, square, noise), the second of which is tunable, the first one tunes with the key pressed. Attached to OSC 1 is a sub-oscillator, which is a sawtooth wave tuned one octave down. The phase modulation controls the point in the duty cycle at which the oscillator starts. The ADSR envelope sliders (grouped with oscs) are for modulation envelope 1 and 2 respectively. you can use the synth as a sampler by choosing the instrument at the top.

In the filter column, the filter settings are: 1 = lowpass, 2 = highpass, 3 = off. cutoff and resonance. For the LFOs they are LFO 1 and LFO 2, the ADSR sliders in those are for the LFO itself.

For the modulation routings you have ENV 1, LFO 1 for the first slider and ENV 2, LFO 2 for the second, you can cycle through the individual routings there, and you can route each modulation source to multiple destinations of course, which is another big plus for this synth. Finally the glide time is for portamento and master volume, well, the master volume... it can go quite loud.

The sequencer is changed too, It's more like the one in AXS if you've used that, where you can mute tracks to re-use patterns with variation.


&lt;pre&gt;
Support for the following modules formats:
669 (Composer 669, Unis 669), 
AMF (DSMI Advanced Module Format), 
AMF (ASYLUM Music Format V1.0), 
APUN (APlayer), DSM (DSIK internal format), 
FAR (Farandole Composer), 
GDM (General DigiMusic), 
IT (Impulse Tracker), 
IMF (Imago Orpheus), 
MOD (15 and 31 instruments), 
MED (OctaMED), 
MTM (MultiTracker Module editor), 
OKT (Amiga Oktalyzer), 
S3M (Scream Tracker 3), 
STM (Scream Tracker), 
STX (Scream Tracker Music Interface Kit), 
ULT (UltraTracker), 
UNI (MikMod), 
XM (FastTracker 2),
Mid (midi format via timidity)
&lt;/pre&gt;


Possible plugin options include [http://lv2plug.in/ LV2],


====Midi - Musical Instrument Digital Interface====

A midi file typically contains music that plays on up to 16 channels (as per the midi standard), but many notes can simultaneously play on each channel (depending on the limit of the midi hardware playing it).

'''Timidity'''

Although usually already installed, you can uncompress the [http://www.libsdl.org/projects/SDL_mixer/ timidity.tar.gz (14MB)] into a suitable drawer like below's SYS:Extras/Audio/ 
 assign timidity: SYS:Extras/Audio/timidity
added to SYSːs/User-Startup

'''WildMidi playback'''


'''Audio Evolution 4 (2003) 4.0.23 (from 2012)'''


*Sync Menu    - CAMD Receive, Send checked 
*Options Menu - MIDI Machine Control - Midi Bar Display - Select CAMD MIDI in / out - Midi Remote Setup 


MCB Master Control Bus 
*Sending a MIDI start-command and a Song Position Pointer, you can synchronize audio with an external MIDI sequencer (like B&amp;P). 
*B&amp;P Receive, start AE, add AudioEvolution.ptool in Bars&amp;Pipes track, press play / record in AE then press play in Pipes 
*CAMD Receive, receive MIDI start or continue commands via camd.library sync to AE 


*MIDI Machine Control
*Midi Bar Display 
*Select CAMD MIDI in / out
*Midi Remote Setup - open requester for external MIDI controllers to control app mixer and transport controls cc remotely 
 Channel   - mixer(vol, pan, mute, solo), eq, aux, fx, 
 Subgroup  - Volume, Mute, Solo 
 Transport - Start, End, Play, Stop, Record, Rewind, Forward 
 Misc      - Master vol., Bank Down, Bank up 


&lt;pre&gt;
q        - quit 

First 3 already opened when AE started 
F1       - timeline window
F2       - mixer 
F3       - control 
F4       - subgroups 
F5       - aux returns 
F6       - sample list 

i        - Load sample to use 

space    - start/stop play 
b        - reset time 0:00


s        - split mode 
r        - open recording window 
a        - automation edit mode with p panning, m mute and v volume 


[ / ]    - zoom in / out 
:        - previous track
*        - next track 

x c v f  - cut copy paste cross-fade 
g        - snap grid 


&lt;/pre&gt;


 '''[http://bnp.hansfaust.de/ Bars n Pipes sequencer]'''

 BarsnPipes debug ... in shell 

Menu (right mouse)  
*Song        - Songs load and save in .song format but option here to load/save Midi_Files .mid in FORMAT0 or FORMAT1 
*Track       - 
*Edit        -
*Tool        - 
*Timing      - SMTPE Synchronizing 
*Windows     - 
*Preferences - Multiple MIDI-in option 

Windows (some of these are usually already opened when Bars n Pipes starts up for the first time) 
*Workflow -&gt; Tracks, .... Song Construction, Time-line Scoring, Media Madness, Mix Maestro, 
*Control  -&gt; Transport (or mini one), Windows (which collects all the Windows icons together-shortcut), .... Toolbox, Accessories, Metronome, 

Once you have your windows placed on the screen that suits your workflow, Song -&gt; Save as Default will save the positions, colors, icons, etc as you'd like them 

If you need a particular setup of Tracks, Tools, Tempos etc, you save them all as a new song you can load each time 

Right mouse menu -&gt; Preferences -&gt; Environment... -&gt; ScreenMode  - Linkages for Synch (to Slave) usbmidi.out.0 and Send (Master) usbmidi.in.0 - Clock MTC 


'''Tracks'''

#Double-click on B&amp;P's icon. B&amp;P will then open with an empty Song. You can also double-click on a song icon to open a song in B&amp;P.
#Choose a track. The B&amp;P screen will contain a Tracks Window with a number of tracks shown as pipelines (Track 1, Track 2, etc...). To choose a track, simply click on the gray box to show an arrow-icon to highlight it. This icon show whether a track is chosen or not. To the right of the arrow-icon, you can see the icon for the midi-input. If you double-click on this icon you can change the MIDI-in setup.
#Choose Record for the track. To the right of the MIDI-input channel icon you can see a pipe. This leads to another clickable icon with that shows either P, R or M. This stands for Play, Record or Merge. To change the icon, simply click on it. If you choose P, this track can only play the track (you can't record anything). If you choose R, you can record what you play and it overwrites old stuff in the track. If you choose M, you merge new records with old stuff in the track. Choose R now to be able to make a record.
#Chose MIDI-channel. On the most right part of the track you can see an icon with a number in it. This is the MIDI-channel selector. Here you must choose a MIDI-channel that is available on your synthesizer/keyboard. If you choose General MIDI channel 10, most synthesizer will play drum sounds. To the left of this icon is the MIDI-output icon. Double-click on this icon to change the MIDI-output configuration.
#Start recording. The next step is to start recording. You must then find the control buttons (they look like buttons on a CD-player). To be able to make a record. you must click on the R icon. You can simply now press the play button (after you have pressed the R button) and play something on you keyboard. To playback your composition, press the Play button on the control panel.
#Edit track. To edit a track, you simply double click in the middle part of a track. You will then get a new window containing the track, where you can change what you have recorded using tools provided. Take also a look in the drop-down menus for more features.


Videos to help understand [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A6gVTX-9900 small intro], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=abq_rUTiSA4&amp;t=3s Overview], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ixOVutKsYQo Workplace Setup CC PC Sysex], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dDnJLYPaZTs Import Song], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BC3kkzPLkv4 Tempo Mapping], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sd23kqMYPDs ptool Arpeggi-8], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LDJq-YxgwQg  PlayMidi Song], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DY9Pu5P9TaU Amiga Midi], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=abq_rUTiSA4 Learning Amiga bars and Pipes], 

Groups like [https://groups.io/g/barsnpipes/topics this] could help 


'''Tracks window'''

* blue &quot;1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Group&quot; and transport tape deck VCR-type controls
* Flags 
* [http://theproblem.alco-rhythm.com/org/bp.html Track 1, Track2, to Track 16, on each Track there are many options that can be activated] 

Each Track has a 

*Left LHS  - Click in grey box to select what Track to work on, Midi-In ptool icon should be here (5pin plug icon), and many more from the Toolbox on the Input Pipeline 
*Middle    - (P, R, M) Play, Record, Merge/Multi before the sequencer line and a blue/red/yellow (Thru Mute Play) Tap 
*Right RHS - Output pipeline, can have icons placed uopn it with the final ptool icon(s) being the 5pin icon symbol for Midi-OUT 

Clogged pipelines may need Esc pressed several times 


'''Toolbox (tools affect the chosen pipeline)'''

After opening the Toolbox window you can add extra Tools (.ptool) for the pipelines like keyboard(virtual), midimonitor, quick patch, transpose, triad, (un)quantize, feedback in/out, velocity etc
 right mouse -&gt; Toolbox menu option -&gt; Install Tool... and navigate to Tool drawer (folder) and select requried .ptool 

Accompany B tool to get some sort of rythmic accompaniment, Rythm Section and Groove Quantize are examples of other tools that make use of rythms
[https://aminet.net/search?query=bars Bars &amp; Pipes pattern format .ptrn] for drawer (folder). Load from the Menu as Track or Group 


'''Accessories (affect the whole app)''' 

Accessories -&gt; Install... and goto the Accessories drawer for .paccess like adding ARexx scripting support 


'''Song Construction'''
&lt;pre&gt;
F1  Pencil
F2  Magic Wand
F3  Hand 
F4  Duplicator 
F5  Eraser 
F6  Toolpad 
F7  Bounding box 
F8  Lock to A-B-A 

A-B-A strip, section, edit flags, white boxes, 

&lt;/pre&gt;


Bars&amp;Pipes Professional offers three track formats; basic song tracks, linear tracks — which don't loop — and finally real‑time tracks. The difference between them is that both song and linear tracks respond to tempo changes, while real‑time tracks use absolute timing, always trigger at the same instant regardless of tempo alterations 

'''Tempo Map'''

F1  Pencil
F2  Magic Wand
F3  Hand 
F4  Eraser 
F5  Curve 
F6  Toolpad 


Compositions

Lyrics, Key, Rhythm, Time Signature 

'''Master Parameters'''

Key, Scale/Mode

'''Track Parameters'''

Dynamics 


'''Time-line Scoring'''


'''Media Madness'''


'''Mix Maestro'''


*ACCESSORIES         Allows the importation of other packages and additional modules 
*CLIPBOARD           Full cut, copy and paste operations, enabling user‑definable clips to be shared between tracks.
*INFORMATION         A complete rundown on the state of the current production and your machine.
*MASTER PARAMETERS   Enables global definition of time signatures, lyrics, scales, chords, dynamics and rhythm changes.
*MEDIA MADNESS       A complete multimedia sequencer which allows samples, stills, animation, etc 
*METRONOME           Tempo feedback via MIDI, internal Amiga audio and colour cycling — all three can be mixed and matched as required.
*MIX MAESTRO         Completely automated mixdown with control for both volume and pan. All fader alterations are memorised by the software 
*RECORD ACTIVATION   Complete specification of the data to be recorded/merged. Allows overdubbing of pitch‑bend, program changes, modulation etc
*SET FLAGS           Numeric positioning of location and edit flags in either SMPTE or musical time 
*SONG CONSTRUCTION   Large‑scale cut and paste of individual measures, verses or chorus, by means of bounding box and drag‑n‑drop mouse selections
*TEMPO MAP           Tempo change using a variety of linear and non‑linear transition curves 
*TEMPO PALETTE       Instant tempo changes courtesy of four user‑definable settings.
*TIMELINE SCORING    Sequencing of a selection of songs over a defined period — ideal for planning an entire set for a live performance.
*TOOLBOX             Selection screen for the hundreds of signal‑processing tools available 
*TRACKS              Opens the main track window to enable recording, editing and the use of tools.
*TRANSPORT           Main playback control window, which also provides access to user‑ defined flags, loop and punch‑in record modes.


Bars and Pipes Pro 2.5 is using internal 4-Byte IDs, to check which kind of data are currently processed.
Especially in all its files the IDs play an important role. The IDs are stored into the file in the same order they are laid out in the memory.

In a Bars 'N' Pipes file (no matter which kind) the ID &quot;NAME&quot; (saved as its ANSI-values) is stored on a big endian system (68k-computer) as &quot;NAME&quot;. On a little endian system (x86 PC computer) as &quot;EMAN&quot;.  The target is to make the AROS-BnP compatible to songs, which were stored on a 68k computer (AMIGA).

If possible, setting MIDI channels for Local Control for your keyboard 

http://www.fromwithin.com/liquidmidi/archive.shtml


MIDI files are essentially a stream of event data. An event can be many things, but typically &quot;note on&quot;, &quot;note off&quot;, &quot;program change&quot;, &quot;controller change&quot;, or messages that instruct a MIDI compatible synth how to play a given bit of music.

* Channel     - 1 to 16 -
* Messages    - PC presets, CC effects like delays, reverbs,  etc 
* Sequencing  - MIDI instruments, Drums, Sound design, 
* Recording   - 
* GUI         - Piano roll or Tracker, Staves and Notes 

MIDI events/messages like step entry e.g. Note On, Note Off 

MIDI events/messages like PB, PC, CC, Mono and Poly After-Touch, Sysex, etc 

MIDI sync - Midi Clocks (SPS Measures), Midi Time Code (h, m, s and frames) SMPTE 

Individual track editing with audition edits so easier to test any changes. Possible to stop track playback, mix clips from the right edit flag and scroll the display using arrow keys. 

Step entry, to extend a selected note hit the space bar and the note grows accordingly. Ability to cancel mouse‑driven edits by simply clicking the right mouse button — at which point everything snaps back into its original form. Lyrics can now be put in with syllable dividers, even across an entire measure or section. Autoranging when you open a edit window, the notes are automatically displayed — working from the lowest upwards. 

Flag editing, shift‑click on a flag immediately open the bounds window, ready for numeric input. Ability to cancel edits using the right‑hand mouse button, plus much improved Bounding Box operations.

Icons other than the BarsnPipes icon -&gt; PUBSCREEN=BarsnPipes (cannot choose modes higher than 8bit 256 colors)

Preferences -&gt; Menu in Tracks window - Send MIDI defaults OFF 

Prefs -&gt; Environment -&gt; screenmode (saved to BarsnPipes.prefs binary file) 

Customization -&gt; pics in gui drawer (folder) - 


Can save as .song files and .mid General Midi 

SMF is a “Standard Midi File”  ([http://www.music.mcgill.ca/~ich/classes/mumt306/StandardMIDIfileformat.html SMF0, SMF1 and SMF2]), [https://github.com/stump/libsmf libsmf], [https://github.com/markc/midicomp MIDIcomp], [https://github.com/MajicDesigns/MD_MIDIFile C++ src], [], [https://github.com/newdigate/midi-smf-reader Midi player], 

* SMF0        All MIDI data is stored in one track only, separated exclusively by the MIDI channel.
* SMF1        The MIDI data is stored in separate tracks/channels.
* SMF2 (rarely used) The MIDI data is stored in separate tracks, which are additionally wrapped in containers, so it's possible to have e.g. several tracks using the same MIDI channels.


Would it be possible to enrich Bars N’Pipes with software synth and sample support along with audio recording and mastering tools like in the named MAC or PC music sequencers?
On the classic AMIGA-OS this is not possible because of missing CPU-power. The hardware of the classic AMIGA is not further developed. So we must say (unfortunately) that those dreams can’t become reality

BarsnPipes is best used with external MIDI-equipment. This can be a keyboard or synthesizer with MIDI-connectors. 

&lt;pre&gt;
MIDI can control 16 channels 
There are USB-MIDI-Interfaces on the market with 16 independent MIDI-lines (multi-port), which can handle 16 MIDI devices independently – 16×16 = 256 independent MIDI-channels or instruments 
handle up to 16 different USB-MIDI-Interfaces (multi-device). That is: 16X16X16 = 4096 independent MIDI-channels – theoretically 
&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;
Librarian MIDI SYStem EXplorer (sysex) - PatchEditor and used to be supplied as a separate program like PatchMeister but currently not at present 
It should support MIDI.library (PD), BlueRibbon.library (B&amp;P), TriplePlayPlus, and CAMD.library (DeluxeMusic) and 
MIDI information from a device's user manual and configure a custom interface to access parameters for all MIDI products connected to the system 
Supports ALL MIDI events and the Patch/Librarian data is stored in MIDI standard format 
Annette M.Crowling, Missing Link Software, Inc.
&lt;/pre&gt;


Composers
&lt;pre&gt;
[https://x.com/hirasawa/status/1403686519899054086 Susumu Hirasawa] 

&lt;/pre&gt;


&lt;pre&gt;
1988 Todor Fay and his wife Melissa Jordan Gray, who founded the Blue Ribbon Inc
1992 Bars&amp;Pipes Pro published 
November 2000, Todor Fay announcement to release the sourcecode of Bars&amp;Pipes Pro 2.5c beta
end of May 2001, the source of the main program and the sources of some tools and accessories were in a complete and compileable state 
end of October 2009 stop further development of BarsnPipes New for now on all supported systems and made freeware 
2013 Alfred Faust diagnosed with incureable illness, called „Myastenia gravis“ (weak muscles) 
&lt;/pre&gt;


 Protrekkr

How to use Midi In/Out in Protrekkr ?

First of all, midi in &amp; out capabilities of this program are rather limited.

# Go to Misc. Setup section and select a midi in or out device to use (ptk only supports one device at a time).
# Go to instrument section, and select a MIDI PRG (the default is N/A, which means no midi program selected).
# Go to track section and here you can assign a midi channel to each track of ptk.
# Play notes :]. Note off works. F'x' note cut command also works too, and note-volume command (speed) is supported.

Also, you can change midicontrollers in the tracker, using '90' in the panning row:

&lt;pre&gt;
    C-3 02 .. .. 0000....


    --- .. .. 90 xxyy.... &lt;&lt; This will set the value 
    --- .. .. .. 0000....    of the controller n.'xx' to 'yy' (both in hex)
    --- .. .. .. 0000....
&lt;/pre&gt;

So &quot;--- .. .. 90 2040....&quot; will set the controller number $20(32) to $40(64).

You will need the midi implementation table of your gear to know what you can change with midi controller messages.

 N.B. Not all MIDI devices are created equal!

Although the MIDI specification defines a large range of MIDI messages of various kinds, not every MIDI device is required to work in exactly the same way and respond to all the available messages and ways of working. For example, we don't expect a wind synthesiser to work in the same way as a home keyboard.

Some devices, the older ones perhaps, are only able to respond to a single channel. With some of those devices that channel can be altered from the default of 1 (probably) to another channel of the 16 possible.

Other devices, for instance monophonic synthesisers, are capable of producing just one note at a time, on one MIDI channel. Others can produce many notes spread across many channels.

Further devices can respond to, and transmit, &quot;breath controller&quot; data (MIDI controller number 2 (CC#2)) others may respond to the reception of CC#2 but not be able to create and to send it.

A controller keyboard may be capable of sending &quot;expression pedal&quot; data, but another device may not be capable of responding to that message.

Some devices just have the basic GM sound set. The &quot;voice&quot; or &quot;instrument&quot; is selected using a &quot;Program Change&quot; message on its own.

Other devices have a greater selection of voices, usually arranged in &quot;banks&quot;, and the choice of instrument is made by responding to &quot;Bank Select MSB&quot; (MIDI controller 0 (CC#0)), others use &quot;Bank Select LSB&quot; (MIDI controller number 32 (CC#32)), yet others use both MSB and LSB sent one after the other, all followed by the Program Change message. The detailed information about all the different voices will usually be available in a published MIDI Data List.


 MIDI Implementation Chart

But in the User Manual there is sometimes a summary of how the device works, in terms of MIDI, in the chart at the back of the manual, the MIDI Implementation Chart.

If you require two devices to work together you can compare the two implementation charts to see if they are &quot;compatible&quot;. In order to do this we will need to interpret that chart.

The chart is divided into four columns headed &quot;Function&quot;, &quot;Transmitted&quot; (or &quot;Tx&quot;), &quot;Received&quot; (or &quot;Rx&quot;), or more correctly &quot;Recognised&quot;, and finally, &quot;Remarks&quot;.

&lt;pre&gt;
The left hand column defines which MIDI functions are being described.
The 2nd column defines what the device in question is capable of transmitting to another device.
The 3rd column defines what the device is capable of responding to.
The 4th column is for explanations of the values contained within these previous two columns.
&lt;/pre&gt;

There should then be twelve sections, with possibly a thirteenth containing extra &quot;Notes&quot;. Finally there should be an explanation of the four MIDI &quot;modes&quot; and what the &quot;X&quot; and the &quot;O&quot; mean.
&lt;pre&gt;
Mode 1: Omni On, Poly; 
Mode 2: Omni On, Mono; 
Mode 3: Omni Off, Poly; 
Mode 4: Omni Off, Mono.
&lt;/pre&gt;
O means &quot;yes&quot; (implemented), X means &quot;no&quot; (not implemented).

Sometimes you will find a row of asterisks &quot;**************&quot;, these seem to indicate that the data is not applicable in this case. Seen in the transmitted field only (unless you've seen otherwise).

Lastly you may find against some entries an asterisk followed by a number e.g. *1, these will refer you to further information, often on a following page, giving more detail.

Basic Channel
But the very first set of boxes will tell us the &quot;Basic Channel(s)&quot; that the device sends or receives on. 
&quot;Default&quot; is what happens when the device is first turned on, &quot;changed&quot; is what a switch of some kind may allow the device to be set to. 
For many devices e.g. a GM sound module or a home keyboard, this would be 1-16 for both. That is it can handle sending and receiving on all MIDI channels.

On other devices, for example a synthesiser, it may by default only work on channel 1. But the keyboard could be &quot;split&quot; with the lower notes e.g. on channel 2. If the synth has an arppegiator, this may be able to be set to transmit and or receive on yet another channel.
So we might see the default as &quot;1&quot; but the changed as &quot;1-16&quot;.

Modes.
We need to understand Omni On and Off, and Mono and Poly, then we can decipher the four modes.

But first we need to understand that any of these four Mode messages can be sent to any MIDI channel. They don't necessarily apply to the whole device.

If we send an &quot;Omni On&quot; message (CC#125) to a MIDI channel of a device, we are, in effect, asking it to respond to e.g. a Note On / Off message pair, received on any of the sixteen channels. Sound strange? Read it again. Still strange? It certainly is. We normally want a MIDI channel to respond only to Note On / Off messages sent on that channel, not any other. In other words, &quot;Omni Off&quot;.

So &quot;Omni Off&quot; (CC#124) tells a channel of our MIDI device to respond only to messages sent on that MIDI channel.

&quot;Poly&quot; (CC#127) is for e.g. a channel of a polyphonic sound module, or a home keyboard, to be able to respond to many simultaneous Note On / Off message pairs at once and produce musical chords.

&quot;Mono&quot; (CC#126) allows us to set a channel to respond as if it were e.g. a flute or a trumpet, playing just one note at a time. If the device is capable of it, then the overlapping of notes will produce legato playing, that is the attack portion of the second note of two overlapping notes will be removed resulting in a &quot;smoother&quot; transition.

So a channel with a piano voice assigned to it will have Omni Off, Poly On (Mode 3), a channel with a saxophone voice assigned could be Omni Off, Mono On (Mode 4).

We call these combinations the four modes, 1 to 4, as defined above. 
Most modern devices will have their channels set to Mode 3 (Omni Off, Poly) but be switchable, on a per channel basis, to Mode 4 (Omni Off, Mono).

This second section of data will include first its default value i.e. upon device switch on. Then what Mode messages are acceptable, or X if none.

Finally, in the &quot;Altered&quot; field, how a Mode message that can't be implemented will be interpreted. Usually there will just be a row of asterisks effectively meaning nothing will be done if you try to switch to an unimplemented mode.

Note Number
&lt;pre&gt;
The next row will tell us which MIDI notes the device can send or receive, normally 0-127.
The second line, &quot;True Voice&quot; has the following in the MIDI specification: 
&quot;Range of received note numbers falling within the range of true notes produced by the instrument.&quot;
My interpretation is that, for instance, a MIDI piano may be capable of sending all MIDI notes (0 to 127) by transposition, but only responding to the 88 notes (21 to 108) of a real piano. 
&lt;/pre&gt;

Velocity
This will tell us whether the device we're looking at will handle note velocity, and what range from 1-127, or maybe just 64, it transmits or will recognise. So usually &quot;O&quot; plus a range or &quot;X&quot; for not implemented.

After touch
This may have one or two lines two it.
If a one liner the either &quot;O&quot; or &quot;X&quot;, yes or no.
If a two liner then it may include &quot;Keys&quot; or &quot;Poly&quot; and &quot;Channel&quot;.
This will show whether the device will respond to Polyphonic after touch or channel after touch or neither.

Pitch Bend
Again &quot;O&quot; for implemented, &quot;X&quot; for not implemented.
(Many stage pianos will have no pitch bend capability.)
It may also, in the notes section, state whether it will respond to the full 14 bits, or not, as usually encoded by the pitch bend wheel.

Control Change
This is likely to be the largest section of the chart.
It will list all those controllers, starting from CC#0, Bank Select MSB, which the device is capable of sending, and those that it will respond to using &quot;O&quot; or &quot;X&quot; respectively.
You will, almost certainly, get some further explanation of functionality in the remarks column, or in more detail elsewhere in the documentation.

Of course you will need to know what all the various controller numbers do. Lots of the official technical specifications can be found at the [www.midi.org/techspecs/ MMA], with the table of messages and control change [www.midi.org/techspecs/midimessages.php message numbers]

Program Change
Again &quot;O&quot; or &quot;X&quot; in the Transmitted or Recognised column to indicate whether or not the feature is implemented. In addition a range of numbers is shown, typically 0-127, to show what is available.
True # (number): &quot;The range of the program change numbers which correspond to the actual number of patches selected.&quot;

System Exclusive
Used to indicate whether or not the device can send or recognise System Exclusive messages. A short description is often given in the Remarks field followed by a detailed explanation elsewhere in the documentation.

System Common - These include the following:
&lt;pre&gt;
MIDI Time Code Quarter Frame messages (device synchronisation).
Song Position Pointer
Song Select
Tune Request
&lt;/pre&gt;
The section will indicate whether or not the device can send or respond to any of these messages.

System Real Time
These include the following:
&lt;pre&gt;
Timing Clock - often just written as &quot;Clock&quot;
Start
Stop
Continue
&lt;/pre&gt;
These three are usually just referred to as &quot;Commands&quot; and listed.
Again the section will indicate which, if any, of these messages the device can send or respond to.
&lt;pre&gt;
Aux. Messages
Again &quot;O&quot; or &quot;X&quot; for implemented or not.
Aux. = Auxiliary.
Active Sense = Active Sensing.
&lt;/pre&gt;
Often with an explanation of the action of the device.

Notes
The &quot;Notes&quot; section can contain any additional comments to clarify the particular implementation.

Some of the explanations have been drawn directly from the MMA MIDI 1.0 Detailed Specification.
And the detailed explanation of some of the functions will be found there, or in the General MIDI System Level 1 or General MIDI System Level 2 documents also published by the MMA.


 OFFICIAL MIDI SPECIFICATIONS

SUMMARY OF MIDI MESSAGES
Table 1 - Summary of MIDI Messages

The following table lists the major MIDI messages in numerical (binary) order (adapted from &quot;MIDI by the Numbers&quot; by D. Valenti, Electronic Musician 2/88, and updated by the MIDI Manufacturers Association.). This table is intended as an overview of MIDI, and is by no means complete.

WARNING! Details about implementing these messages can dramatically impact compatibility with other products. We strongly recommend consulting the official MIDI Specifications for additional information.

MIDI 1.0 Specification

Message Summary Channel Voice Messages [nnnn = 0-15 (MIDI Channel Number 1-16)]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Status D7----D0 
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Data Byte(s) D7----D0 
! width=&quot;20%&quot;  |Description
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;1000nnnn || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0kkkkkkk 0vvvvvvv || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Note Off event. 
This message is sent when a note is released (ended). (kkkkkkk) is the key (note) number. (vvvvvvv) is the velocity.
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;1001nnnn || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0kkkkkkk 0vvvvvvv || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Note On event. 
This message is sent when a note is depressed (start). (kkkkkkk) is the key (note) number. (vvvvvvv) is the velocity.
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;1010nnnn || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0kkkkkkk 0vvvvvvv || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Polyphonic Key Pressure (Aftertouch). 
This message is most often sent by pressing down on the key after it &quot;bottoms out&quot;. (kkkkkkk) is the key (note) number. (vvvvvvv) is the pressure value.
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;1011nnnn || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0ccccccc 0vvvvvvv || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Control Change. 
This message is sent when a controller value changes. Controllers include devices such as pedals and levers. Controller numbers 120-127 are reserved as &quot;Channel Mode Messages&quot; (below). (ccccccc) is the controller number (0-119). (vvvvvvv) is the controller value (0-127).
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;1100nnnn || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0ppppppp || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Program Change. This message sent when the patch number changes. (ppppppp) is the new program number.
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;1101nnnn || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0vvvvvvv || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Channel Pressure (After-touch). This message is most often sent by pressing down on the key after it &quot;bottoms out&quot;. This message is different from polyphonic after-touch. Use this message to send the single greatest pressure value (of all the current depressed keys). (vvvvvvv) is the pressure value.
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;1110nnnn || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0lllllll 0mmmmmmm || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pitch Bend Change. This message is sent to indicate a change in the pitch bender (wheel or lever, typically). The pitch bender is measured by a fourteen bit value. Center (no pitch change) is 2000H. Sensitivity is a function of the receiver, but may be set using RPN 0. (lllllll) are the least significant 7 bits. (mmmmmmm) are the most significant 7 bits.
|}

Channel Mode Messages (See also Control Change, above)

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Status D7----D0 
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Data Byte(s) D7----D0 
! width=&quot;20%&quot;  |Description
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;1011nnnn || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0ccccccc 0vvvvvvv || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Channel Mode Messages. 
This the same code as the Control Change (above), but implements Mode control and special message by using reserved controller numbers 120-127. The commands are:
*All Sound Off. When All Sound Off is received all oscillators will turn off, and their volume envelopes are set to zero as soon as possible c = 120, v = 0: All Sound Off
*Reset All Controllers. When Reset All Controllers is received, all controller values are reset to their default values. (See specific Recommended Practices for defaults) c = 121, v = x: Value must only be zero unless otherwise allowed in a specific Recommended Practice.
*Local Control. When Local Control is Off, all devices on a given channel will respond only to data received over MIDI. Played data, etc. will be ignored. Local Control On restores the functions of the normal controllers. 
c = 122, v = 0: Local Control Off
c = 122, v = 127: Local Control On
* All Notes Off. When an All Notes Off is received, all oscillators will turn off. 
c = 123, v = 0: All Notes Off (See text for description of actual mode commands.)
c = 124, v = 0: Omni Mode Off 
c = 125, v = 0: Omni Mode On 
c = 126, v = M: Mono Mode On (Poly Off) where M is the number of channels (Omni Off) or 0 (Omni On) 
c = 127, v = 0: Poly Mode On (Mono Off) (Note: These four messages also cause All Notes Off)
|}

System Common Messages

System Messages (0xF0)

The final status nybble is a “catch all” for data that doesn’t fit the other statuses. They all use the most significant nybble (4bits) of 0xF, with the least significant nybble indicating the specific category.

The messages are denoted when the MSB of the second nybble is 1. When that bit is a 0, the messages fall into two other subcategories.

System Common

If the MSB of the second second nybble (4 bits) is not set, this indicates a System Common message. Most of these are messages that include some additional data bytes.

System Common Messages
Type Status Byte   Number of Data Bytes      Usage 
&lt;pre&gt;
Time Code Quarter Frame	0xF1	1	Indicates timing using absolute time code, primarily for synthronization with video playback systems. A single location requires eight messages to send the location in an encoded hours:minutes:seconds:frames format*.
Song Position	0xF2	2	Instructs a sequencer to jump to a new position in the song. The data bytes form a 14-bit value that expresses the location as the number of sixteenth notes from the start of the song.
Song Select	0xF3	1	Instructs a sequencer to select a new song. The data byte indicates the song.
Undefined	0xF4	0	
Undefined	0xF5	0	
Tune Request	0xF6	0	Requests that the receiver retunes itself**.
&lt;/pre&gt;
*MIDI Time Code (MTC) is significantly complex. Please see the MIDI Specification
**While modern digital instruments are good at staying in tune, older analog synthesizers were prone to tuning drift. Some analog synthesizers had an automatic tuning operation that could be initiated with this command.


System Exclusive

If you’ve been keeping track, you’ll notice there are two status bytes not yet defined: 0xf0 and 0xf7. These are used by the System Exclusive message, often abbreviated at SysEx. SysEx provides a path to send arbitrary data over a MIDI connection. There is a group of predefined messages for complex data, like fine grained control of MIDI Time code machinery. SysEx is also used to send manufacturer defined data, such as patches, or even firmware updates.

System Exclusive messages are longer than other MIDI messages, and can be any length. The messages are of the following format:

0xF0, 0xID, 0xdd, ...... 0xF7
The message is bookended with distinct bytes.

It opens with the Start Of Exclusive (SOX) data byte, 0xF0.
The next one to three bytes after the start are an identifier.
Values from 0x01 to 0x7C are one-byte vendor IDs, assigned to manufacturers who were involved with MIDI at the beginning.
If the ID is 0x00, it’s a three-byte vendor ID - the next two bytes of the message are the value.
&lt;pre&gt;
ID 0x7D is a placeholder for non-commercial entities.
ID 0x7E indicates a predefined Non-realtime SysEx message.
ID 0x7F indicates a predefined Realtime SysEx message.
&lt;/pre&gt;
After the ID is the data payload, sent as a stream of bytes.
The transfer concludes with the End of Exclusive (EOX) byte, 0xF7.
The payload data must follow the guidelines for MIDI data bytes – the MSB must not be set, so only 7 bits per byte are actually usable. If the MSB is set, it falls into three possible scenarios.

An End of Exclusive byte marks the ordinary termination of the SysEx transfer.
System Real Time messages may occur within the transfer without interrupting it. The recipient should handle them independently of the SysEx transfer.
Other status bytes implicitly terminate the SysEx transfer and signal the start of new messages.
 Some inexpensive USB-to-MIDI interfaces aren’t capable of handling messages longer than four bytes.

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Status D7----D0 
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Data Byte(s) D7----D0 
! width=&quot;20%&quot;  |Description
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11110000 || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0iiiiiii [0iiiiiii 0iiiiiii]  0ddddddd  --- --- 0ddddddd 11110111 || &lt;!--Description--&gt;System Exclusive. 
This message type allows manufacturers to create their own messages (such as bulk dumps, patch parameters, and other non-spec data) and provides a mechanism for creating additional MIDI Specification messages. The Manufacturer's ID code (assigned by MMA or AMEI) is either 1 byte (0iiiiiii) or 3 bytes (0iiiiiii 0iiiiiii 0iiiiiii). Two of the 1 Byte IDs are reserved for extensions called Universal Exclusive Messages, which are not manufacturer-specific. If a device recognizes the ID code as its own (or as a supported Universal message) it will listen to the rest of the message (0ddddddd). Otherwise, the message will be ignored. (Note: Only Real-Time messages may be interleaved with a System Exclusive.)
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11110001 || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0nnndddd || &lt;!--Description--&gt;MIDI Time Code Quarter Frame.
nnn = Message Type
dddd = Values
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11110010 || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0lllllll 0mmmmmmm || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Song Position Pointer. 
This is an internal 14 bit register that holds the number of MIDI beats (1 beat= six MIDI clocks) since the start of the song. l is the LSB, m the MSB.
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11110011 || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0sssssss || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Song Select. 
The Song Select specifies which sequence or song is to be played.
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11110100 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Undefined. (Reserved)
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11110101 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Undefined. (Reserved)
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11110110 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tune Request. Upon receiving a Tune Request, all analog synthesizers should tune their oscillators.
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11110111 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;End of Exclusive. Used to terminate a System Exclusive dump. 
|}


System Real-Time Messages

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Status D7----D0 
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Data Byte(s) D7----D0 
! width=&quot;20%&quot;  |Description
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11111000 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Timing Clock. Sent 24 times per quarter note when synchronization is required.
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11111001 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Undefined. (Reserved)
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11111010 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Start. Start the current sequence playing. (This message will be followed with Timing Clocks).
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11111011 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Continue. Continue at the point the sequence was Stopped.
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11111100 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Stop. Stop the current sequence.
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11111101 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Undefined. (Reserved)
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11111110 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Active Sensing. This message is intended to be sent repeatedly to tell the receiver that a connection is alive. Use of this message is optional. When initially received, the receiver will expect to receive another Active Sensing message each 300ms (max), and if it does not then it will assume that the connection has been terminated. At termination, the receiver will turn off all voices and return to normal (non- active sensing) operation. 
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11111111 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Reset. Reset all receivers in the system to power-up status. This should be used sparingly, preferably under manual control. In particular, it should not be sent on power-up.
|}


Advanced Messages

Polyphonic Pressure (0xA0) and Channel Pressure (0xD0)

Some MIDI controllers include a feature known as Aftertouch. While a key is being held down, the player can press harder on the key. The controller measures this, and converts it into MIDI messages.

Aftertouch comes in two flavors, with two different status messages.

The first flavor is polyphonic aftertouch, where every key on the controller is capable of sending its own independent pressure information. The messages are of the following format:
&lt;pre&gt;
0xnc, 0xkk, 0xpp
n is the status (0xA)
c is the channel nybble
kk is the key number (0 to 127)
pp is the pressure value (0 to 127)
&lt;/pre&gt;
Polyphonic aftertouch is an uncommon feature, usually found on premium quality instruments, because every key requires a separate pressure sensor, plus the circuitry to read them all.

Much more commonly found is channel aftertouch. Instead of needing a discrete sensor per key, it uses a single, larger sensor to measure pressure on all of the keys as a group. The messages omit the key number, leaving a two-byte format
&lt;pre&gt;
0xnc, 0xpp
n is the status (0xD)
c is the channel number
pp is the pressure value (0 to 127)
&lt;/pre&gt;

Pitch Bend (0xE0)

Many keyboards have a wheel or lever towards the left of the keys for pitch bend control. This control is usually spring-loaded, so it snaps back to the center of its range when released. This allows for both upward and downward bends.

Pitch Bend Wheel

The wheel sends pitch bend messages, of the format
&lt;pre&gt;
0xnc, 0xLL, 0xMM
n is the status (0xE)
c is the channel number
LL is the 7 least-significant bits of the value
MM is the 7 most-significant bits of the value
&lt;/pre&gt;
You’ll notice that the bender data is actually 14 bits long, transmitted as two 7-bit data bytes. This means that the recipient needs to reassemble those bytes using binary manipulation. 14 bits results in an overall range of 214, or 0 to 16,383. Because it defaults to the center of the range, the default value for the bender is halfway through that range, at 8192 (0x2000).

Control Change (0xB0)

In addition to pitch bend, MIDI has provisions for a wider range of expressive controls, sometimes known as continuous controllers, often abbreviated CC. These are transmitted by the remaining knobs and sliders on the keyboard controller shown below.


Continuous Controllers

These controls send the following message format:
&lt;pre&gt;
0xnc, 0xcc, 0xvv
n is the status (0xB)
c is the MIDI channel
cc is the controller number (0-127)
vv is the controller value (0-127)
&lt;/pre&gt;

Typically, the wheel next to the bender sends controller number one, assigned to modulation (or vibrato) depth. It is implemented by most instruments.

The remaining controller number assignments are another point of confusion. The MIDI specification was revised in version 2.0 to assign uses for many of the controllers. However, this implementation is not universal, and there are ranges of unassigned controllers.

On many modern MIDI devices, the controllers are assignable. On the controller keyboard shown in the photos, the various controls can be configured to transmit different controller numbers. Controller numbers can be mapped to particular parameters. Virtual synthesizers frequently allow the user to assign CCs to the on-screen controls. This is very flexible, but it might require configuration on both ends of the link and completely bypasses the assignments in the standard.


Program Change (0xC0)

Most synthesizers have patch storage memory, and can be told to change patches using the following command:
&lt;pre&gt;
0xnc, 0xpp
n is the status (0xc)
c is the channel
pp is the patch number (0-127)
&lt;/pre&gt;
This allows for 128 sounds to be selected, but modern instruments contain many more than 128 patches. Controller #0 is used as an additional layer of addressing, interpreted as a “bank select” command. Selecting a sound on such an instrument might involve two messages: a bank select controller message, then a program change.

Audio &amp; Midi are not synchronized, what I can do ?
Buy a commercial software package but there is a nasty trick to synchronize both. It's a bit hardcore but works for me:

 Simply put one line down to all midi notes on your pattern (use Insert key)
 and go to 'Misc. Setup', adjust the latency and just search a value
 that will make sound sync both audio/midi.

The stock Sin/Saw/Pulse and Rnd waveforms are too simple/common, is there a way to use something more complex/rich ?
You have to ability to redirect the waveforms of the instruments through the synth pipe by selecting the &quot;wav&quot; option for the oscillator you're using for this synth instrument, samples can be used as wavetables to replace the stock signals.


Sound banks like soundfont (sf2) or Kontakt2 are not supported at the moment


====DAW Audio Evolution 4====

Audio Evolution 4 gives you unsurpassed power for digital audio recording and editing on the Amiga. The latest release focusses on time-saving non-linear and non-destructive editing, as seen on other platforms. Besides editing, Audio Evolution 4 offers a wide range of realtime effects, including compression, noise gate, delays, reverb, chorus and 3-band EQ.

Whether you put them as inserts on a channel or use them as auxillaries, the effect parameters are realtime adjustable and can be fully automated. Together with all other mixing parameters, they can even be controlled remotely, using more ergonomic MIDI hardware.

Non-linear editing on the time line, including cut, copy, paste, move, split, trim and crossfade actions

The number of tracks per project(s) is unlimited .... AHI limits you to recording only two at a time. i.e. not on 8 track sound cards like the Juli@ or Phase 88.

sample file import is limited to 16bit AIFF (not AIFC, important distinction as some files from other sources can be AIFC with aiff file extension). and 16bit WAV (pcm only)


Most apps use the Music Unit only but a few apps also use Unit (0-3) instead or as well. 
* Set up AHI prefs so that microphone is available. (Input option near the bottom)


stereo++ allows the audio piece to be placed anywhere and the left-right adjusted to sound positionally right

hifi best for music playback if driver supports this option


Load 16bit .aif .aiff only sample(s) to use not AIFC which can have the same ending. AIFF stands for Audio Interchange File Format 

 sox recital.wav recital.aiff

 sox recital.wav −b 16 recital.aiff channels 1 rate 16k fade 3 norm
 sox input.wav        output.aiff bass −b 16 rate 48k

performs the same format translation, but also applies four effects (down-mix to one channel, sample rate change, fade-in, nomalize), and stores the result at a bit-depth of 16.

 rec −c 2 radio.aiff trim 0 30:00

records half an hour of stereo audio 

 play existing-file.wav


24bit PCM WAV or AIFF do not work 

*No stream format handling. So no way to pass on an AC3 encoded stream unmodified to the digital outputs through AHI.
*No master volume handling. Each application has to set its own volume. So each driver implements its own custom driver-mixer interface for handling master volumes, mute and preamps.
*Only one output stream. So all input gets mixed into one output.
*No automatic handling of output direction based on connected cables.
*No monitor input selection. Only monitor volume control. 


select the correct input (Don't mistake enabled sound for the correct input.)
The monitor will feedback audio to the lineout and hp out no matter if you have selected the correct input to the ADC. The monitor will provide sound for any valid input. This will result in free mixing when recording from the monitor input instead of mic/line because the monitor itself will provide the hardware mixing for you. Be aware that MIC inputs will give two channel mono. Only Linein will give real stereo.

Now for the not working part. Attempt to record from linein in the AE4 record window, the right channel is noise and the left channel is distorted. Even with the recommended HIFI 16bit Stereo++ mode at 48kHz.


Channels

Monitor

Gain

Inout

Output

Advanced settings - Debugging via serial port


* Options -&gt; Soundcard In/Out
* Options -&gt; SampleRate
* Options -&gt; Preferences

F6 for Sample File List

Setting a grid is easy as is measuring the BPM by marking a section of the sample. Is your kick drum track &quot;not in time&quot; ? If so, you're stumped in AE4 as it has no fancy variable time signatures and definitely no 'track this dodgy rhythm' function like software of the nature of Logic has. So if your drum beat is freeform you will need to work in freeform mode. (Real music is free form anyway).

If the drum *is* accurate and you are just having trouble measuring the time, I usually measure over a range of bars and set the number of beats in range to say 16 as this is more accurate, Then you will need to shift the drum track to match your grid *before* applying the grid. (probably an iterative process as when the grid is active samples snap to it, and when inactive you cannot see it).

AE4 does have ARexx but the functions are more for adding samples at set offsets and starting playback / recording.


These are the usual features found in DAWs...

* Recording digital audio, midi sequencer and mixer 
* virtual VST instruments and plug-ins 
* automation, group channels, MIDI channels, FX sends and returns, audio and MIDI editors and music notation editor


* different track views 
* mixer and track layout (but not the same as below) 
* traditional two windows (track and mixer)


Mixing - mixdown

Could not figure out how to select what part I wanted to send to the aux, set it to echo and return. Pretty much the whole echo effect. Or any effect.

Take look at page17 of the manual.

When you open the EQ / Aux send popup window you will see 4 sends. Now from the menu choose the windows menu.

Menus-&gt;Windows-&gt; Aux Returns Window

or press F5

You will see a small window with 4 volume controls and an effects button for each. Click a button and add an effects to that aux channel, then set it up as desired (note the reverb effect has a special AUX setting that improves its use with the aux channel, not compulsory but highly useful). You set the amount of 'return' on the main mix in the Aux Return window, and the amount sent from each main mixer channel in the popup for that channel. Again the aux sends are &quot;prefade&quot; so the volume faders on each channel do not affect them.


Tracking


Effects - fade in

To add some echoes to some vocals, tried to add an effect on a track but did not come out. This is made more complicated as I wanted to mute a vocal but then make it echo at the muting point. Want to have one word of a vocal heard and then echoed off. But when the track is mute the echo is cancelled out.

To correctly understand what is happening here you need to study the figure at the bottom of page 15 on the manual. You will see from that that the effects are applied 'prefade' So the automation you applied will naturally mute the entire signal.

There would be a number of ways to achieve the goal,

You have three real time effects slots, one for smoothing like so

Sample -&gt; Amplify -&gt; Delay

Then automate the gain of the amplify block so that it effectively mutes the sample just before the delay at the appropriate moment, the echo effect should then be heard.

Getting the effects in the right order will require experimentation as they can only be added top down and it's not obvious which order they are applied to the signal, but there only two possibilities, so it wont take long to find out.

Using MUTE can cause clicks to the Amplify can be used to mute more smoothly so that's a secondary advantage.

Signal Processing -


Overdub

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===Office===

====Spreadsheet Leu====

Support for some xlsx, and ods functions 


====Spreadsheet Ignition====

; Needs ABIv1 to be completed before more can be done

File formats supported 
* ascii #?.txt and #?.csv (single sheets with data only). 
* igs and TurboCalc(WIP) #?.tc for all sheets with data, formats and formulas.

There is '''no''' support for xls, xlsx, ods or uos ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_Office_Format Uniform Unified Office Format]) at the moment.

* Always use Esc key after editing Spreadsheet cells.
* copy/paste seems to copy the first instance only so go to Edit -&gt; Clipboard to manage the list of remembered actions. 
* Right mouse click on row (1 or 2 or 3) or column header (a or b or c)  to access optimal height or width of the row or column respectively 
* Edit -&gt; Insert -&gt; Row  seems to clear the spreadsheet or clears the rows after the inserted row until undo restores as it should be...

Change Sheet name by  Object -&gt; Sheet -&gt; Properties

Click in the cell which will contain the result, and click '''down arrow button''' to the right of the formula box at the bottom of the spreadsheet and choose the function required from the list provided. Then click on the start cell and click on the bottom right corner, a '''very''' small blob, which allows stretching a bounding box (thick grey outlines) across many cells This grey bounding box can be used to '''copy a formula''' to other cells.

Object -&gt; Cell -&gt; Properties to change cell format - Currency only covers DM and not $, Euro, Renminbi, Yen or Pound etc. 
Shift key and arrow keys selects a range of cells, so that '''formatting can be done to all highlighted cells'''. 
View -&gt; Overview then select ALL with one click (in empty cell in the top left hand corner of the sheet).

Default mode is relative cell referencing e.g. a1+a2 but absolute e.g. $a$1+$a$2 can be entered.

* #sheet-name to '''absolute''' reference another sheet-name cell unless reference() function used.

;Graphs

use shift key and arrow keys to select a bunch of cells to be graph'ed making sure that x axes represents and y axes represents

* value() - 0 value, 1 percent, 2 date, 3 time, 4 unit ...


;Dates 
* Excel starts a running count from the 1st Jan 1900 and Ignition starts from 1st Jan 1AD '''(maybe this needs to change)'''
Set formatting Object -&gt; Cell -&gt; Properties and put date in days


;Time 
Set formatting Object -&gt; Cell -&gt; Properties and put time in seconds taken


;Database (to be done by someone else)

type - standard, reference (bezug), search criterion (suchkriterium), 
* select a bunch of cells and Object -&gt; Database -&gt; Define to set Datenbank (database) and Felder (fields not sure how?) 
* Neu (new) or loschen (delete) to add/remove database headings e.g. Personal, Start Date, Finish Date (one per row?)
* Object -&gt; Database -&gt; Index to add fields (felder) like Surname, First Name, Employee ID, etc. to ?

Filtering done with dbfilter(), dbproduct() and dbposition().

Activities with dbsum(), dbaverage(), dbmin() and dbmax().

Table sorting -


;Scripts (Arexx)

;Excel(TM) to Ignition - commas ''',''' replaced by semi-colons ''';''' to separate values within functions 
*SUM(), 
*AVERAGE(), MAX(), MIN(), INT(), PRODUCT(), MEDIAN(), VAR() becomes Variance(), Percentile(),
*IF(), AND, OR, NOT 
*LEFT(), RIGHT(), MID() becomes MIDDLE(), LEN() becomes LENGTH(), 
*LOWER() becomes LOWERCASE(), UPPER() becomes UPPERCASE(),
* DATE(yyyy,mm,dd) becomes COMPUTEDATE(dd;mm;yyyy), 
*TODAY(), DAY(),WEEK(), MONTH(),=YEAR(TODAY()), 
*EOMONTH() becomes MONTHLENGTH(), 
*NOW() should be date and time becomes time only, SECOND(), MINUTE(), HOUR(),
*DBSUM() becomes DSUM(),


;Missing and possibly useful features/functions needed for ignition to have better support of Excel files 
There is no Merge and Join Text over many cells, no protect and/or freeze row or columns or books but can LOCK sheets, no define bunch of cells as a name, Macros (Arexx?), conditional formatting, no Solver, no Goal Seek, no Format Painter, no AutoFill, no AutoSum function button, no pivot tables, (30 argument limit applies to Excel)

*HLOOKUP(), VLOOKUP(), [http://production-scheduling.com/excel-index-function-most-useful/ INDEX(), MATCH()], CHOOSE(), TEXT(), 
*TRIM(), FIND(), SUBSTITUTE(), CONCATENATE() or &amp;, PROPER(), REPT(), 
*[https://acingexcel.com/excel-sumproduct-function/ SUMPRODUCT()], ROUND(), ROUNDUP(), *ROUNDDOWN(), COUNT(), COUNTA(), SUMIF(), COUNTIF(), COUNTBLANK(), TRUNC(), 
*PMT(), PV(), FV(), POWER(), SQRT(), MODE(), TRUE, FALSE, 
*MODE(), LARGE(), SMALL(), RANK(), STDEV(), 
*DCOUNT(), DCOUNTA(), WEEKDAY(),


;Excel Keyboard [http://dmcritchie.mvps.org/excel/shortx2k.htm shortcuts needed to aid usability in Ignition] 
&lt;pre&gt;
Ctrl Z - Undo

Ctrl D - Fill Down
Ctrl R - Fill right

Ctrl F - Find
Ctrl H - Replace

Ctrl 1 - Formatting of Cells
CTRL SHIFT ~ Apply General Formatting ie a number 
Ctrl ; - Todays Date 

F2 - Edit cell
F4 - toggle cell absolute / relative cell references

&lt;/pre&gt;


====Document Scanning - Scandal====

Scanner usually needs to be connected via a USB port and not via a hub or extension lead.

Check in Trident Prefs -&gt; Devices that the USB Scanner is not bound to anything (e.g. Bindings None)
If not found then reboot the computer and recheck.

Start Scandal, choose Settings from Menu strip at top of screen and in Scanner Driver choose the ?#.device of the scanner (e.g. epson2.device).

The next two boxes - leave empty as they are for morphos SCSI use only
 or put ata.device (use the selection option in bigger box below) and Unit as 0 this is needed for gt68xx

* gt68xx - no editing needed in s/gt68xx.conf but needs a firmware file that corresponds to the scanner [http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/ gt68xx firmwares] in sys:s/gt68xx.
* epson2 - Need to edit the file epson2.conf in sys/s that corresponds to the scanner being used

'''Save''' the settings but do not press the Use button (aros freezes)

Back to the Picture Scan window and the right-hand sections.

Click on the '''Information''' tab and press Connect button and the scanner should now be detected.

Go next to the '''Scanner''' tab next to Information Tab should have Color, Black and White, etc. and dpi settings now. Selecting an option Color, B/W etc. can cause dpi settings corruption (especially if the settings are in one line) so set '''dpi first'''. Make sure if Preview is set or not.

In the '''Scan''' Tab, press Scan and the scanner will do its duty. 
Be aware that nothing is saved to disk yet.

In the Save tab, change format JPEG, PNG or IFF DEEP. Tick incremental and base filename if necessary and then click the Save button. The image will now be saved to permanent storage.


The driver ignores a device if it is already bond to another USB class, rejects it from being usable. However, open Trident prefs, select your device and use the right mouse button to open. Select &quot;NONE&quot; to prevent poseidon from touching the device. Now save settings. It should always work now.

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===Emulators===

==== Amiberry ====


==== Amiga Emu - Janus UAE ====

With Amibridge, AROS attempts to make the UAE emulator seem embedded within but it still is acting as an app 

There is no dynarec m68k for each hardware that Aros supports or direct patching of motorola calls to AROS hardware accelerated ones unless the emulator has that included 

Try starting Janus with a priority of -1 like this little script:
&lt;pre&gt;
cd sys:system/AmiBridge/emulator
changetaskpri -1
run janus-uae -f my_uaerc.config &gt;nil:
cd sys:prefs
endcli
&lt;/pre&gt;
This stops Janus hogging all the CPU time.


===Miscellaneous===

====Screensaver Blanker====

Most blankers on the amiga (i.e. aros) run as commodities (they are in the tools/commodities drawer). Double click on blanker.

Control is with an app called Exchange, which you need to run first (double click on app) or  run QUIET sys:tools/commodities/Exchange &gt;NIL: but subsequently can use (Cntrl Alt h).

Icon tool types (may be broken) or command line options 
&lt;pre&gt;
seconds=number 
&lt;/pre&gt;

Once the timing is right then add the following to s:icaros-sequence or s:user-startup

e.g. for 5 minutes

 run QUIET sys:tools/commodities/Blanker seconds=300 &gt;NIL:


*[http://archives.aros-exec.org/index.php?function=showfile&amp;file=graphics/screenblanker/gblanker.i386-aros.zip Garshneblanker] can make Aros unstable or slow. Certain blankers crashes in Icaros 2.0.x like Dragon, Executor.


*[ Acuario AROS version], the aquarium screen saver.

Startup: extras:acuariofv-aros/acuario

Kill: c:break name=extras:acuariofv-aros/acuario

Managed to start Acuario by the Executor blanker.

&lt;pre&gt;
cx_priority=
cx_popkey=    ie CX_POPKEY=&quot;Shift F1&quot; 
cx_popup=Yes or No

&lt;/pre&gt;


&lt;pre&gt;
 Qualifier String    Input Event Class
   ----------------    -----------------
    &quot;lshift&quot;           IEQUALIFIER_LSHIFT
    &quot;rshift&quot;           IEQUALIFIER_RSHIFT
    &quot;capslock&quot;         IEQUALIFIER_CAPSLOCK
    &quot;control&quot;          IEQUALIFIER_CONTROL
    &quot;lalt&quot;             IEQUALIFIER_LALT
    &quot;ralt&quot;             IEQUALIFIER_RALT
    &quot;lcommand&quot;         IEQUALIFIER_LCOMMAND
    &quot;rcommand&quot;         IEQUALIFIER_RCOMMAND
    &quot;numericpad&quot;       IEQUALIFIER_NUMERICPAD
    &quot;repeat&quot;           IEQUALIFIER_REPEAT
    &quot;midbutton&quot;        IEQUALIFIER_MIDBUTTON
    &quot;rbutton&quot;          IEQUALIFIER_RBUTTON
    &quot;leftbutton&quot;       IEQUALIFIER_LEFTBUTTON
    &quot;relativemouse&quot;    IEQUALIFIER_RELATIVEMOUSE
&lt;/pre&gt;


&lt;pre&gt;
    Synonym     Synonym
    String     Identifier
    -------    ----------
    &quot;shift&quot;    IXSYM_SHIFT    /* look for either shift key */
    &quot;caps&quot;     IXSYM_CAPS     /* look for either shift key or capslock */
    &quot;alt&quot;      IXSYM_ALT      /* look for either alt key */

Highmap is one of the following strings:
    &quot;space&quot;, &quot;backspace&quot;, &quot;tab&quot;, &quot;enter&quot;, &quot;return&quot;, &quot;esc&quot;, &quot;del&quot;,
    &quot;up&quot;, &quot;down&quot;, &quot;right&quot;, &quot;left&quot;, &quot;f1&quot;, &quot;f2&quot;, &quot;f3&quot;, &quot;f4&quot;, &quot;f5&quot;,
    &quot;f6&quot;, &quot;f7&quot;, &quot;f8&quot;, &quot;f9&quot;, &quot;f10&quot;, &quot;help&quot;.


&lt;/pre&gt;


[[#top|...to the top]]

==== World Construction Set WCS (Version 2.031) ====

WCS is a fractal landscape software such as Scenery Animator, Vista Pro and Panorama. Open sourced February 2022, World Construction Set [https://3dnature.com/downloads/legacy-software/ legally and for free] and [https://github.com/AlphaPixel/3DNature c source]. 

Announced August 1994 this version dates from April 1996 developed by Gary R. Huber and Chris &quot;Xenon&quot; Hanson&quot; from Questar 

&lt;pre&gt;
Assign &quot;WCSProjects:&quot; &quot;Volume:Dir/Dir/WCSProjects&quot; 
Assign &quot;WCSFrames:&quot;   &quot;Volume:Dir/Dir/WCSFrames&quot; 
&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;
Load projects .proj by accessing pull down menu Project -&gt; Open then click on CanyonSunset.proj
OK to changing .par file and enlarge Status Log window to show what is happening 
Render by pull down menu Modules -&gt; Render with End equal 1 not 300 then click bottom middle button Render 
&lt;/pre&gt;

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CxQDmf1ZWG0 Youtube walkthrough of above], [], [], 

Also try working with the already built file ColoDemo - Then open with the drop-down menu: Project/Open, then WCSProject:ColoDemo.proj
Which allows you to use altimetric DEM files already included and Loading scene parameters from ColoDemo.par
Once this is done, save everything with a new name to start working exclusively on your project. 
Then drop-down menu and select Save As (&quot;NewName&quot;.proj name), then drop-down menu to open parameter and select Save All ( .par name)


After launching the software, there is a the Module Control Panel composed of five icons. 
It is a dock type shortcut of the first few functions of the drop-down menu 

*Database   - Load (#?.proj), Append, Create, Edit, Save, Dir List (of WCSProject drawer), 
*Data Ops   - Extract / Convert Interp DEM, Import DLG, DXF, WDB and export LW map 3d formats  
*Map View   - Database file Loader leading to Map View Control with option to the Database Editor 
*Parameters - Editor for Motion, Color, Ecosystem, Clouds, Waves, management of altimeter files DEM, sclock settings etc 
*Render     - rendering terrain 

These are more in the pull down menu but not in the dock 
*Motion Editor
*Color Editor
*Ecosys Editor 


Simple minimal workflow 
*Load database (1st icon - 1st)
*Set parameters and save .par file (4th icon)
*Render scene (5th icon) 

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZbTwwR2qcc4 Youtube], [], 

&lt;pre&gt;
.proj new project name which creates a drawer of additional files 

.binary array, ascii array .xyz , z buffer, DTED .dt0, vista 1990s dem, iff  conversion 
.Obj with .elev, .frd with .hdr maps, - digital elevation model (DEM) is a 3D representation of elevation data in various formats 
USGS 7.5MinDEM, 

.par 


&lt;/pre&gt;


Since for the time being no project is loaded, a query window indicates a procedural error when clicking on the rendering icon (right end of the bar). The menu is quite traditional; it varies according to the activity of the windows. To display any altimetric file in the &quot;Mapview&quot; (third icon of the panel), There are three possibilities:

* Loading of a demonstration project.
* The import of a DEM file, followed by texturing and packaging from the &quot;Database-Editor&quot; and the &quot;Color-Editor&quot;.
* The creation of an altimetric file in WCS format, then texturing.


The altimeter file editing (display in the menu) is only made possible if the &quot;Mapview&quot; window is active.

The software is made up of many windows and won't be able to describe them all. Know that &quot;Color-Editor&quot; and the &quot;Data-Editor&quot; comprise sufficient functions for obtaining an almost real rendering quality. You have the possibility of inserting vector objects in the &quot;Data-Editor&quot; (creation of roads, railways, etc.) 


The Map View (MapView) window

*Database - Objects and Topos
*View     - Align, Center, Zoom, Pan, Move 
*Draw     - Maps and distance 
*Object   - Find, highlight, add points, conform topo, duplicate 
*Motion   - Camera, Focus, path, elevation 
*Windows  - DEM designer, Cloud (.cld) and wave (.wve) editor, 


You will notice that by selecting this window and simply moving the pointer to various points on the map you will see latitude and longitude values ​​change, along with the height.
Drop-down menu and Modules, then select MapView and change the width of the window with the map to arrange it in the best way on the screen. With the Auto button the center. Window that then displays the contents of my DEM file, in this case the Grand Canyon. MapView allows you to observe the shape of the landscape from above
 

ZOOM button

Press the Zoom button and then with the pointer position on a point on the map, press the left mouse button and then move to the opposite corner to circumscribe the chosen area and press the left mouse button again, then we will see the enlarged area selected on the map.
Would add that there is a box next to the Zoom button that allows the direct insertion of a value which, the larger it is, the smaller the magnification and the smaller the value, the stronger the magnification. At each numerical change you will need to press the DRAW button to update the view.

PAN button

Under Zoom you will find the PAN button which allows you to move the map at will in all directions by the amount you want. This is done by drawing a line in one direction, then press PAN and point to an area on the map with the pointer and press the left mouse button. At this point, leave it and move the pointer in one direction by drawing a line and press the left mouse button again to trigger the movement of the map on the screen (origin and end points). Do some experiments and then use the Auto button immediately below to recenter everything.
There are parameters such as TOPO, VEC to be left checked and immediately below one that allows different views of the map with the Style command (Single, Multi, Surface, Emboss, Slope, Contour), each with its own particularities to highlight different details.

Now you have the first basics to manage your project visually on the map. Close the MapView window and go further...


Let's start working on ECOSYSTEMS
If we select Emboss from the MapView Style command we will have a clear idea of ​​how the landscape appears, realizing that it is a predominantly desert region of our planet. Therefore we will begin to act on any vegetation present and the appearance of the landscape.
With WCS we will begin to break down the elements of the landscape by assigning defined characteristics. It will be necessary to determine the classes of the ecosystem (Class) with parameters of Elevation Line (maximum altitude), Relative Elevation (arrangement on basins or convexities with respectively positive or negative parameters), Min Slope and Max Slope (slope). WCS offers the possibility of making ecosystems coexist on the same terrain with the UnderEco function, by setting a Density value.


Ecosys Ecosystem Editor

Let's open it from Modules, then Ecosys Editor. In the left pane you will find the list of ecosystems referring to the files present in our project. It will be necessary to clean up that box to leave only the Water and Snow landscapes and a few other predefined ones. We can do this by selecting the items and pressing the Remove button (be careful not for all elements the button is activated, therefore they cannot all be eliminated).
Once this is done we can start adding new ecosystems. Scroll through the various Unused and as soon as the Name item at the top is activated allowing you to write, type the name of your ecosystem, adding the necessary parameters.
&lt;pre&gt;
Ecosystem1: Name: RockBase Class: Rock Density: 80 MinSlope: 15 UnderEco: Terrain
Ecosystem2: Name: RockIncl Clss: Rock Density: 80 MinSlope: 30 UnderEco: Terrain
Ecosystem3: Name: Grass Class Low Veg Density: 50 Height: 1 Elev Line : 1500 Rel El Eff: 5
Max Slope: 10 – Min Slope: 0 UnderEco: Terrain
Ecosistema4: Name: Shrubs Class: Low Veg Density: 40 Height: 8 Elev Line: 3000
Rel El Eff: -2 Max Slope: 20 Min Slope : 5 UnderEco: Terrain
Ecosistema5: Name: Terrain Class: Ground Density: 100 UnderEco: Terrain
&lt;/pre&gt;

Now we need to identify an intermediate ecosystem that guarantees a smooth transition between all, therefore we select as Understory Ecosystem the one called Terrain in all ecosystems, except Snow and Water .
Now we need to 'emerge' the Colorado River in the Canyon and we can do this by raising the sea level to 900 (Sea Level) in the Ecosystem called Water.
Please note that the order of the ecosystem list gives priority to those that come after. So our list must have the following order: Water, Snow, Shrubs, RockIncl, RockBase, Terrain. It is possible to carry out all movements with the Swap button at the bottom. To put order you can also press Short List. Press Keep to confirm all the work done so far with Ecosystem Editor.
Remember every now and then to save both the Project 'Modules/Save' and 'Parameter/Save All'

EcoModels are made up of .etp .fgp .iff8 for each model 


Color Editor

Now it's time to define the colors of our scene and we can do this by going to Modules and then Color Editor. In the list we focus on our ecosystems, created first.
Let's go to the bottom of the list and select the first white space, assigning the name 'empty1', with a color we like and then we will find this element again in other environments... It could serve as an example for other situations!
So we move to 'grass' which already exists and assign the following colors: R 60 G 70 B50
&lt;pre&gt;
'shrubs': R 60 G 80 B 30
'RockIncl' R 110 G 65 B 60
'RockBase' R 110 G 80 B 80
' Terrain' R 150 G 30 B 30
&lt;pre&gt;
Now we can work on pre-existing colors
&lt;pre&gt;
'SunLight' R 150 G 130 B 130
'Haze and Fog' R 190 G 170 B 170
'Horizon' R 209 G 185 B 190
'Zenith' R 140 G 150 B 200
'Water' R 90 G 125 B 170
&lt;/pre&gt;

Ambient R 0 G 0 B 0

So don't forget to close Color Editor by pressing Keep.
Go once again to Ecosystem Editor and assign the corresponding color to each environment by selecting it using the Ecosystem Color button. Press it several times until the correct one appears. Then save the project and parameters again, as done previously.


Motion Editor

Now it's time to take care of the framing, so let's go to Modules and then to Motion Editor. An extremely feature-rich window will open. Following is the list of parameters regarding the Camera, position and other characteristics:
&lt;pre&gt;
-Camera Altitude: 7.0
-Camera Latitude: 36.075
-Camera Longitude: 112.133
-Focus Attitude: -2.0
-Focus Latitude: 36.275
-Focus Longitude: 112.386
-Camera : 512 → rendering window
-Camera Y: 384 → rendering window
-View Arc: 80 → View width in degrees
-Sun Longitude: 172
-Sun Latitude: -0.9
-Haze Start: 3.8
-Haze Range: 78, 5
&lt;/pre&gt;
As soon as the values ​​shown in the relevant sliders have been modified, we will be ready to open the CamView window to observe the wireframe preview. Let's not consider all the controls that will appear.
Well from the Motion Editor if you have selected Camera Altitude and open the CamView panel, you can change the height of the camera by holding down the right mouse button and moving the mouse up and down. To update the view, press the Terrain button in the adjacent window. As soon as you are convinced of the position, confirm again with Keep. You can carry out the same work with the other functions of the camera, such as Focus Altitude...
Let's now see the next positioning step on the Camera map, but let's leave the CamView preview window open while we go to Modules to open the window at the same time MapView. We will thus be able to take advantage of the view from the other together with a subjective one.


From the MapView window, select with the left mouse button and while it is pressed, move the Camera as desired. To update the subjective preview, always click on Terrain.
While with the same procedure you can intervene on the direction of the camera lens, by selecting the cross and with the left button pressed you can choose the desired view. So with the pressure of Terrain I update the Preview. Possibly can enlarge or reduce the Map View using the Zoom button, for greater precision.
Also write that the circle around the cameras indicates the beginning of the haze, there are two types (haze and fog) linked to the altitude. Would also add that the camera height is editable through the Motion Editor panel.


The sun

Let's see that changing the position of the sun from the Motion Editor. Press the SUN button at the bottom right and set the time and the date. Longitude and latitude are automatically obtained by the program. Always open the View Arc command from the Motion Editor panel, an item present in the Parameter List box.

Once again confirm everything with Keep and then save again.


Animation

The animation part is not left-back and also occupies a window. The settings possibilities are enormous. A time line with dragging functions (&quot;slide&quot;, &quot;drag&quot;...) comparable to that of LightWave completes this window. 


A small window is available for positioning the stars as a function of a date, in order to vary the seasons and their various events (and yes...).

At the bottom of the &quot;Motion-Editor&quot;, a &quot;cam-view&quot; function will give you access to a control panel. Different preview modes are possible. The rendering is also accessible through a window. No less than nine pages compose it. At this level, you will be able to determine the backup name of your images (&quot;path&quot;), the type of texture to be calculated, the resolution of the images, activate or deactivate functions such as the depth buffer (&quot;zbuffer&quot;), the blur, the background image, etc.


Once all these parameters have been set, all you have to do is click on the &quot;Render&quot; button.

For rendering go to Modules and then Render. Select the resolution, then under IMA select the name of the image. Move to FRA and indicate the level of fractal detail which of 4 is quite good. Then Keep to confirm and then reopen the window, pressing Render you will see the result. The image will be opened with any viewing program.


Strengths:

* Multi-window.
* Quality of rendering.
* Accuracy.
* Opening, preview and rendering on CyberGraphX screen.
* Extract / Convert Interp DEM, Import DLG, DXF, WDB and export LW map 3d formats 
* The &quot;zbuffer&quot; function.

Weaknesses:

* No OpenGL management 
* Calculation time.
* No network computing tool.


====Writing CD / DVD - Frying Pan====

Can be backup DVDs (4GB ISO size limit due to use of FileInfoBlock), create audio cds from mp3's, and put .iso files on discs

If using for the first time - click Drive button and Device set to ata.device and unit to 0 (zero)

Click Tracks Button - Drive 1 - Create New Disc or Import Existing Disc Image (iso bin/cue etc.) - Session File open cue file

If you're making a data cd, with files and drawers from your hard drive, you should be using the ISO Builder.. which is the MUI page on the left. (&quot;Data/Audio Tracks&quot; is on the right).

You should use the &quot;Data/Audio tracks&quot; page if you want to create music cds with AIFF/WAV/MP3 files, or if you download an .iso file, and you want to put it on a cd.

Click WRITE Button - set write speed - click on long Write button

Examples

Easiest way would be to burn a DATA CD, simply go to &quot;Tracks&quot; page &quot;ISO Builder&quot; and &quot;ADD&quot; everything you need to burn.

On the &quot;Write&quot; page i have &quot;Masterize Disc (DAO)&quot;, &quot;Close Disc&quot; and &quot;Eject after Write&quot; set.

One must not &quot;Blank disc before write&quot; if one uses a CDR


AUDIO CD from MP3's are as easy but tricky to deal with. FP only understands one MP3 format, Layer II, everything else will just create empty tracks

Burning bootable CD's works only with .iso files. Go to &quot;Tracks&quot; page and &quot;Data/Audio Tracks&quot; and add the .iso


====odf====

Every ODF file is a collection of several subdocuments within a package (ZIP file), each of which stores part of the complete document.

* content.xml – Document content and automatic styles used in the content.
* styles.xml – Styles used in the document content and automatic styles used in the styles themselves.
* meta.xml – Document meta information, such as the author or the time of the last save action.
* settings.xml – Application-specific settings, such as the window size or printer information.


To read document follow these steps:

* Extracting .ods file.
* Getting content.xml file (which contains sheets data).
* Creating XmlDocument object from content.xml file.
* Creating DataSet (that represent Spreadsheet file).
* With XmlDocument select “table:table” elements, and then create adequate DataTables.
* Parse child’s of “table:table” element and fill DataTables with those data.
* At the end, return DataSet and show it in application’s interface.


To write document follow these steps:

* Extracting template.ods file (.ods file that we use as template).
* Getting content.xml file.
* Creating XmlDocument object from content.xml file.
* Erasing all “table:table” elements from the content.xml file.
* Reading data from our DataSet and composing adequate “table:table” elements.
* Adding “table:table” elements to content.xml file.
* Zipping that file as new .ods file.

XLS file format

The XLS file format contains streams, substreams, and records.

These sheet substreams include worksheets, macro sheets, chart sheets, dialog sheets, and VBA module sheets. 
All the records in an XLS document start with a 2-byte unsigned integer to specify Record Type (rt), and another for Count of Bytes (cb). A record cannot exceed 8224 bytes. If larger than the rest is stored in one or more continue records.

* Workbook stream 
**Globals substream
***BoundSheet8 record - info for Worksheet substream i.e. name, location, type, and visibility. (4bytes the lbPlyPos FilePointer, specifies the position in the Workbook stream where the sheet substream starts) 
**Worksheet substream (sheet) - Cell Table - Row record - Cells (2byte=row 2byte=column 2byte=XF format)
***Blank cell record
***RK cell record 32-bit number. 
***BoolErr cell record (2-byte Bes structure that may be either a Boolean value or an error code)
***Number cell record (64-bit floating-point number)
***LabelSst cell record (4-byte integer that specifies a string in the Shared Strings Table (SST). Specifically, the integer corresponds to the array index in the RGB field of the SST)
***Formula cell record (FormulaValue structure in the 8 bytes that follow the cell structure. The next 6 bytes can be ignored, and the rest of the record is a CellParsedFormula structure that contains the formula itself)
***MulBlank record (first 2 bytes give the row, and the next 2 bytes give the column that the series of blanks starts at. Next, a variable length array of cell structures follows to store formatting information, and the last 2 bytes show what column the series of blanks ends on)
***MulRK record 
***Shared String Table (SST) contains all of the string values in the workbook.

ACCRINT(), ACCRINTM(), AMORDEGRC(), AMORLINC(), 
COUPDAYBS(), COUPDAYS(), COUPDAYSNC(), COUPNCD(), COUPNUM(), COUPPCD(), 
CUMIPMT(), CUMPRINC(), 
DB(), DDB(), DISC(), 
DOLLARDE(), DOLLARFR(), 
DURATION(), EFFECT(), FV(), FVSCHEDULE(), 
INTRATE(), IPMT(), IRR(), ISPMT(), MDURATION(), MIRR(), NOMINAL(), NPER(), NPV(), 
ODDFPRICE(), ODDFYIELD(), ODDLPRICE(), ODDLYIELD(), 
PMT(), PPMT(), PRICE(), PRICEDISC(), PRICEMAT(), PV(), RATE(), 
RECEIVED(), SLN(), SYD(), TBILLEQ(), TBILLPRICE(), TBILLYIELD(), 
VDB(), XIRR(), XNPV(), YIELD(), YIELDDISC(), YIELDMAT(),


&lt;pre&gt;
&lt;/pre&gt;


&lt;pre&gt;
&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;
&lt;/pre&gt;

{{BookCat}}</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>4680138</id>
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==Introduction==


[[#Graphical Image Editing Art]]
[[#Office Application]]
[[#Audio]]

[[#Misc Application]]
[[#Games &amp; Emulation]]

[[#Application Guides]]

[[#top|...to the top]]


[[#top|...to the top]]

Most apps can be opened on the Workbench (aka publicscreen pubscreen) which is the default display option but can offer a custom one set to your configurations (aka custom screen mode promotion). These custom ones tend to stack so the possible use of A-M/A-N method of switching between full screens and the ability to pull down screens as well 

If you are interested in creating or porting new software, see [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Aros/Developer/Docs here]

{|  class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|- 
!width:30%;|Internet Applications 
!width:10%;|AROS(x86)
!width:10%;|Commodore-Amiga OS 3.1 (68k)
!width:10%;|Hyperion OS4(PPC)
!width:10%;|MorphOS(PPC)
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Web Online Browser [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=network/browser Amelinium], Odyssey 2.0, [https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=1175&amp;highlight=odyssey&amp;rowstart=100 Odyssey 3.0], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://juen.in/ Amelinium], [https://blog.alb42.de/programs/amifox/ amifox] with [https://github.com/alb42/wrp wrp server], IBrowse*, [https://github.com/zapek/Voyager Voyager], [https://github.com/reinauer/Voyager Voyager fork GCC] [https://github.com/amigazen/aweb3/ AWeb 3.6 src], [https://github.com/matjam/aweb AWeb Src], [http://aminet.net/package/comm/www/NetSurf-m68k-sources Netsurf], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[ Odyssey OWB], [ Timberwolf (Firefox port 2011)], [http://amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?forum=32&amp;topic_id=32847 OWB-mui], [http://strohmayer.org/owb/ OWB-Reaction], IBrowse*, [http://os4depot.net/index.php?function=showfile&amp;file=network/browser/aweb.lha AWeb], Voyager, [http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=network/browser Netsurf], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Wayfarer, [http://fabportnawak.free.fr/owb/ Odyssey OWB], [ Netsurf], IBrowse*, AWeb, [], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Downloading videos and/or audio [https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp yt-dlp], [https://clipgrab.org/ clipgrab],  
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[], [https://blog.alb42.de/amitube/ Amitube], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://blog.alb42.de/amitube/ Amitube], [ smtube], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[https://blog.alb42.de/amitube/ Amitube], getVideo, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[ ytsearch], [https://blog.alb42.de/amitube/ Amitube], [ getVideo], Tubexx 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;E-mailing SMTP POP3 IMAP based 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;Emailinium, [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=network/email SimpleMail], [http://sourceforge.net/projects/simplemail/files/ src], [https://github.com/jens-maus/yam YAM] 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Emailinium, [http://sourceforge.net/projects/simplemail/files/ SimpleMail], [https://github.com/jens-maus/yam YAM]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;SimpleMail, YAM, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt; SimpleMail, YAM, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Internet Chat IRC, ICB, 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=network/chat WookieChat], [https://sourceforge.net/projects/wookiechat/ Wookiechat src], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=network/chat AiRcOS], Jabberwocky, 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/charabaruk/WookieChat Wookiechat], AmIRC 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;Wookiechat 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=5 Wookiechat], [ AmIRC], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Instant Messaging IM like [https://github.com/BlitterStudio/amidon Hollywood lang based Mastodon client], BlueSky AT protocol, Facebook(TM), Twitter X (TM), Bitlbee IRC Gateway and others 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/kaffeine1/telegram-amiga telegram-amiga], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=network/chat jabberwocky], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://amitwitter.sourceforge.net/ AmiTwitter], CLIMM, SabreMSN, [https://sourceforge.net/projects/ajabberwocky/ jabberwocky], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://amitwitter.sourceforge.net/ AmiTwitter], SabreMSN,
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://amitwitter.sourceforge.net/ AmiTwitter], [http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=5 PolyglotNG], SabreMSN,
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Torrents 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=network/p2p ArTorr], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;CTorrent, Transmission 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;MLDonkey, Beehive, [http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=5 Transmission], CTorrent, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;FTP 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/BlitterStudio/dopus5 Dopus5 Magellan], MarranoFTP, [https://aminet.net/package/comm/tcp/wput-0.3.4c.i386-aros wput i386 c src]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/BlitterStudio/dopus5 Dopus5 Magellan], [http://aminet.net/package/comm/tcp/AmiFTP AmiFTP], AmiTradeCenter, ncFTP, [https://aminet.net/package/comm/tcp/sana2-tftpclient sana2 tftpclient c src]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[https://github.com/BlitterStudio/dopus5 Dopus5 Magellan], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[https://github.com/BlitterStudio/dopus5 Dopus5 Magellan], [http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=5 Pftp], [http://aminet.net/package/comm/tcp/AmiFTP-1.935-OS4 AmiFTP], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;WYSIWYG Web Site Editor
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Internet Radio Streaming Audio [http://www.gnu.org/software/gnump3d/ gnump3d], [http://www.icecast.org/ Icecast2] Server (Broadcast) and Client (Listen), [ mpd], [http://darkice.sourceforge.net/ DarkIce], [http://www.dyne.org/software/muse/ Muse], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=audio/misc], Mplayer (Icecast Client only), 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/sandlbn/TuneFinder TuneFinder C Src], [https://github.com/sandlbn/TuneFinderMUI TuneFinderMUI], [http://amigazeux.net/anr/ AmiNetRadio], [https://github.com/boingball/MintAMP MintAMP], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.tunenet.co.uk/ Tunenet], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Mplayer, AmiNetRadio, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;VoIP (Voice over IP) with SIP Client (Session Initiation Protocol) or Asterisk IAX2 Clients Softphone (skype like) 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;AmiPhone with Speak Freely, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Weather Forecast 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://sourceforge.net/projects/zunetools/files/ WeatherBar], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/workbench AWeather], []
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://amigazeux.net/wetter/ Wetter], [https://github.com/emartisoft/AmiWeatherForecasts AmiWeatherForecasts src], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://os4depot.net/?function=showfile&amp;file=utility/workbench/flipclock.lha FlipClock], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://amigazeux.net/wetter/ Wetter], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Street Road Maps Route Planning GPS Tracking  
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://blog.alb42.de/programs/muimapparium/ MuiMapparium] [https://build.alb42.de/ Build of MuiMapp versions], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;AmiAtlas*, UKRoutePlus*, [http://blog.alb42.de/ AmOSM], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://blog.alb42.de/programs/mapparium/ Mapparium], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Clock and Date setting from the internet by network time protocol (NTP) [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/ World Clock], [http://www.time.gov/ old standard NIST Internet Time Servers], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/bohunamiga/PiNTP PiNTP], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=utility/workbench/amitimekeeper.i386-aros.lha amitimekeeper with c src], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=network/misc ntpsync], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;ntpsync, [http://aminet.net/package/util/cdity/AmiTimeKeeper amitimekeeper], [http://aminet.net/comm/misc/netclock netclock], [https://aminet.net/package/comm/net/sntp sntp], [http://aminet.net/package/util/time/ScreenTime ScreenTime], [https://github.com/reinauer/SyncTime SyncTime], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Newsgroups
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://newscoaster.sourceforge.net/ Newscoaster], [https://github.com/jens-maus/newsrog NewsRog], [ WorldNews], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;RSS 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/Team-Boingo/AmiRSS AmiRSS src]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;AI
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/murinsel/AmigaAI Claude], [https://github.com/geekychris/amiga_mcp AI on host machine], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;BBS
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|}

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Commercial product.


==Graphical Image Editing Art==
{|  class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|- 
!width:30%;|Image Editing
!width:10%;|AROS(x86)
!width:10%;|Commodore-Amiga OS 3.1(68k)
!width:10%;|Hyperion OS4(PPC)
!width:10%;|MorphOS(PPC)
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Pixel Raster Artwork [https://github.com/LibreSprite/LibreSprite LibreSprite based on GPL aseprite], [https://github.com/abetusk/hsvhero hsvhero], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://sourceforge.net/projects/zunetools/files/ZunePaint/ ZunePaint], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/edit LunaPaint], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/edit GrafX2], [ LodePaint needs OpenGL], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://www.amigaforever.com/classic/download.html PPaint], GrafX2, [https://github.com/grovdata/Amiga_Sources/blob/master/software.md DeluxePaint], [http://www.amiforce.de/perfectpaint/perfectpaint.php PerfectPaint], Zoetrope, Brilliance2*, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/edit LodePaint], GrafX2, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Sketch, Pixel*, GrafX2, [http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=3 LunaPaint]
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Image viewing 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://sourceforge.net/projects/zunetools/files/ ZuneView], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/viewer LookHere], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/viewer LoView], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/viewer PicShow] , [http://amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?mode=viewtopic&amp;topic_id=31400&amp;forum=32&amp;start=80&amp;viewmode=flat&amp;order=0#583458 Picture Album], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;PicShow, PicView, Photoalbum,
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;WarpView, PicShow, flPhoto, Thumbs, [http://amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?mode=viewtopic&amp;topic_id=31400&amp;forum=32&amp;start=80&amp;viewmode=flat&amp;order=0#583458 Picture Album], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=3 ShowGirls], [http://amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?mode=viewtopic&amp;topic_id=31400&amp;forum=32&amp;start=80&amp;viewmode=flat&amp;order=0#583458 Picture Album]
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Photography retouching / Image Manipulation like Photoshop(tm)  
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ PhotoCraft], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/edit RNOEffects], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[ Tecsoft Video Paint aka TVPaint], Photogenics*, ArtEffect*, ImageFX*, XiPaint, fxPaint, ImageMasterRT, Opalpaint, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;WarpView, flPhoto, [http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/edit Photocrop]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=3 ShowGirls], ImageFX*, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Manage RAW picture folder galleries like Darktable, RAWtherapy, etc 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt; [ LightCraft], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Graphic Format Converter - ICC profile support sRGB, Adobe RGB, XYZ and linear RGB 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;GraphicsConverter, ImageStudio, [http://www.coplabs.org/artpro.html ArtPro]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Thumbnail Generator [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://sourceforge.net/projects/zunetools/files/ ZuneView], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/shell Thumbnail Generator]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Icon Editor
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/iconedit Archives], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/workbench Icon Toolbox], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/iconedit IconEditor]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;2D Pixel Art Animation 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;Lunapaint
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;PPaint, AnimatED, Scala*, GoldDisk MovieSetter*, Walt Disney's Animation Studio*, ProDAD*, [https://github.com/historicalsource/DeluxePaint DeluxePaint src], Brilliance
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=3 Titler] 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;2D SVG based MovieSetter type [https://github.com/Flare-Animate/Flare Flare Animate] 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;MovieSetter*, Fantavision*
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Morphing 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ GLMorph]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;2D Cad (qcad-&gt;LibreCAD, etc.) 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Xcad, MaxonCAD
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;3D Cad like FreeCad, BRL-CAD, OpenSCAD, AvoCADo, [ cadcraft], [https://github.com/ingelibre/ingetrazo ingetrazo] etc. using dxf, obj (vertices), blend, 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/aros-development-team/ports/tree/master/graphics SolidCraft], [https://github.com/tangency-labs/solidcraft solidcraft in AROS ports], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;XCad3d*, DynaCADD*, [https://aminet.net/package/gfx/3d/Cycas178_EN Cycas]*, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;3D Model Rendering of glft (json) gbl (png jpg), usdz (USD files with materials, textures, and animations), FBX Filmbox is a proprietary Autodesk format, 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;POV-Ray
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://www.discreetfx.com./amigaproducts.html CINEMA 4D]*, POV-Ray, [https://eab.abime.net/showthread.php?t=123609 Lightwave3D RTG]*, Real3D*, Caligari24*, Reflections/Monzoom*, [https://github.com/privatosan/RayStorm Raystorm src], Tornado 3D, [https://github.com/AlphaPixel/Eric-Graham-1987-Juggler-Raytracer-1.0 Eric-Graham-1987-Juggler-Raytracer-1.0]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;Blender, POV-Ray, Yafray
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Blender, POV-Ray, Yafray
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;3D Format Converter [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=graphics/convert/ 3doc.i386-aros], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=showfile&amp;file=graphics/convert/ivcon.lha IVCon]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Screen grabbing display 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ Screengrabber], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/misc snapit], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=video/record screen recorder], []
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Grab graphics music from apps [https://github.com/Malvineous/ripper6 ripper6], [],
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Manage metadata of images [https://github.com/exiv2/exiv2 exiv2], [ EXIF/IPTC/XMP metadata manipulation], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|}

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Commercial product.

[[#top|...to the top]]

==Office Application==
{|  class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|- 
!width:30%;|Office
!width:10%;|AROS (x86)
!width:10%;|[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amiga_software Commodore-Amiga OS 3.1] (68k)
!width:10%;|[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AmigaOS_4 Hyperion OS4] (PPC)
!width:10%;|[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MorphOS MorphOS] (PPC)
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Office Suite 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[ Softwood Final Office], [ Wordworth Office], [ Digita Office],  [ The Works!], [ Europress Mini Office], [], [ Papyrus Office Demo], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[ Papyrus Office], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Word-processing 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ WordCraft], [https://finalwriter.godaddysites.com/ Final Writer 7*], [https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=1995&amp;rowstart=20&amp;pid=12668#post_12668 Slovo], [https://github.com/sodero/MUI-Vim/releases MUI-Vim], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=office/wordprocessing Cinnamon Writer], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS--&gt;[ Softwood FinalCopy II*], Haage AmigaWriter*, Digita WordWorth*, Softwood FinalWriter*, Micro-Systems Excellence 3*, Arnor Protext, Rashumon, [ InterWord], [ KindWords], [WordPerfect], [ New Horizons Flow], [ CygnusEd Pro], [ Micro-systems Scribble], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;AbiWord, [ CinnamonWriter], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[ Cinnamon Writer], [http://www.meta-morphos.org/viewtopic.php?topic=1246&amp;forum=53 scriba], [http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/index.php Papyrus Office], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Spreadsheets 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ GridCraft], [https://blog.alb42.de/programs/leu/ Leu], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=office/spreadsheet ], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS--&gt;[https://aminet.net/package/biz/spread/ignition-src Ignition Src 1.3], [MaxiPlan 500 Plus], [OXXI Plan/IT v2.0 Speadsheet], [ Superplan], [ Creative Developments TurboCalc], [ ProCalc], [ InterSpread], [Digita DGCalc], [ Gold Disk Advantage], [ Micro-systems Analyze!]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;Gnumeric, [https://ignition-amiga.sourceforge.net/ Ignition], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[ ignition], [http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php Papyrus Office], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Presentations
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ DeckCraft], [http://www.hollywoood-mal.com/ Hollywood]*, 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://www.hollywoood-mal.com/ Hollywood]*, [https://github.com/evaneykelen/mediapoint-amiga MediaPoint C and asm], PointRider, Scala*, 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS4--&gt;[http://www.hollywoood-mal.com/ Hollywood]*, PointRider 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://www.hollywoood-mal.com/ Hollywood]*, PointRider
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Databases 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=office/database BeeBase], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Precision Superbase 4 Pro*, Arnor Prodata*, [https://sourceforge.net/projects/beebase/ BeeBase], Datastore, FinalData*, AmigaBase, Fiasco, Twist2*, [Digita DGBase], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;BeeBase, SQLite, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=6 BeeBase], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;PDF Viewing, editing and digital signatures 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/tomaszstaniak/aros-foliopdf folio version of mupdf], [ PDFCraft], [http://sourceforge.net/projects/arospdf/ ArosPDF via splash xpdf], [https://github.com/wattoc/AROS-vpdf vpdf], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;APDF 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;AmiPDF 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;APDF, vPDF, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Note Taking markdown support like Obsidian like, joplin, OneNote, EverNotes, xournalpp, etc 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://aminet.net/package/text/edit/Kickdown c src with reaction gui], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Study and analyse, collect, organize, annotate, cite, and share
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;PIM Personal Information Manager - Day Diary Planner Calendar App Filofax like 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ ], [ ], [ ], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Digita Organiser*, On The Ball, Everyday Organiser, [ Contact Manager], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;AOrganiser, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://polymere.free.fr/orga_en.html PolyOrga], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Accounting
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=office/misc ETB], LoanCalc, [ ], [ ], [ ], 
|[ Digita Home Accounts2], Accountant, Small Business Accounts, Account Master, [ Amigabok], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Project Management Research 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;SuperGantt, SuperPlan, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Desktop 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;DOpus5, Wanderer, Scalos, Workbook, 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[https://github.com/zapek/Ambient Ambient Src]
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;System Wide Search 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/filetool Finder], [], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;System Wide Dictionary - multilingual [http://sourceforge.net/projects/babiloo/ Babiloo], [http://code.google.com/p/stardict-3/ StarDict], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ ],  
|&lt;!--AmigaOS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;System wide Thesaurus - multi lingual
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ ], 
|Kuma K-Roget*, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Sticky Desktop Notes (post it type) 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://aminet.net/package/util/wb/amimemos.i386-aros AmiMemos], [https://aminet.net/package/util/wb/amimemos.src-aros AmiMemos Src], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://aminet.net/package/util/wb/StickIt-2.00 StickIt v2], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;DTP Desktop Publishing [ DesignCraft], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/edit RNOPublisher], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://pagestream.org/ Pagestream]*, Professional Pro Page*, Saxon Publisher, Pagesetter, PenPal, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://pagestream.org/ Pagestream]* 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://pagestream.org/ Pagestream]* 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Printing 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;Postscript 3 laser printers, [https://github.com/bohunamiga/MintPRINT MintPRINT AirPrint IPP], [ Ghostscript], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/boingball/MintPRINT MintPRINT IPP], [https://github.com/Andiweli/AmiAirprint AmiAirprint], [http://www.irseesoft.de/tp_what.htm TurboPrint]*, [ GutenPrint], [https://aminet.net/package/comm/tcp/NetPrinter NetPrinter LPR], [], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;(some native drivers), 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;early TurboPrint included, [https://aminet.net/package/comm/tcp/NetPrinter NetPrinter LPR], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Scanning 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ SCANdal], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;FxScan*, ScanQuix*, [https://github.com/boingball/MintSCAN MintSCAN], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;SCANdal (Sane)
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;SCANdal
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;OCR
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/convert gOCR] 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos-files.net/categories/office/text Tesseract] 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Text Editing
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;Jano Editor (already installed as Editor), [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=development/edit EdiSyn], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/text/edit Annotate], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=development/edit Vim], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/text/edit FrexxEd] [https://github.com/vidarh/FrexxEd src], [ NoWinEd], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://aminet.net/package/text/edit/TurboText20 TurboText20 ttx], Annotate, MicroGoldED/CubicIDE*, CygnusED*, Protext*, NoWinED, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;Notepad, Annotate, CygnusED*, NoWinED, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;MorphOS ED, NoWinED, GoldED/CubicIDE*, CygnusED*, Annotate, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Office Fonts [http://sourceforge.net/projects/fontforge/files/fontforge-source/ Font Designer] 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ ], [ ], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;TypeSmith*, SaxonScript (GetFont Adobe Type 1), 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Drawing Vector
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ vectorcraft], [http://sourceforge.net/projects/amifig/ ZuneFIG previously AmiFIG], [https://github.com/serk118/designworks-aros designworks aros 64bit]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Drawstudio*, ProVector*, ArtExpression*, Professional Draw*, AmiFIG, MetaView, [https://gitlab.com/amigasourcecodepreservation/designworks Design Works Src], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;MindSpace, [http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/edit amifig], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;SteamDraw, [http://aminet.net/package/gfx/edit/amifig amiFIG], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;video conferencing (jitsi) 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;source code hosting
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;Gitlab, 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Remote Desktop (server)
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://sourceforge.net/projects/zunetools/files/VNC_Server ArosVNCServer], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://s.guillard.free.fr/AmiVNC/AmiVNC.htm AmiVNC], [http://dspach.free.fr/amiga/avnc/index.html AVNC]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://s.guillard.free.fr/AmiVNC/AmiVNC.htm AmiVNC] 
|MorphVNC, vncserver
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Remote Desktop (client) login and connect to another machine 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://sourceforge.net/projects/zunetools/files/VNC_Client/ ArosVNC], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=network/misc rdesktop], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://twinvnc.free.fr/index.php?menu=01&amp;lang=eng TwinVNC], [http://dspach.free.fr/amiga/vva/index.html VVA], [http://www.hd-zone.com/ RDesktop]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://twinvnc.free.fr/index.php?menu=01&amp;lang=eng TwinVNC], [http://www.hd-zone.com/ RDesktop]
|[http://twinvnc.free.fr/index.php?menu=01&amp;lang=eng TwinVNC], [http://www.hd-zone.com/ RDesktop]
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;notifications 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Ranchero 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;Ringhio 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;MagicBeacon 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Biometric facial logins and fingerprint security features 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;Bebbossh, 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Fido U2F (Universal 2nd Factor) and later FIDO2 (W3C WebAuthn with CTAP2) key authorization like Yubico YubiKey, etc 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|}

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Commercial product.

[[#top|...to the top]]

==Audio==
{|  class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|- 
!width:30%;|Audio
!width:10%;|AROS(x86)
!width:10%;|Commodore-Amiga OS 3.1(68k)
!width:10%;|Hyperion OS4(PPC)
!width:10%;|MorphOS(PPC)
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Playing playback Audio like MP3, [https://github.com/chrg127/gmplayer NSF], [https://github.com/kode54/lazyusf miniusf .usflib] [https://gitlab.com/kode54/psflib with pfslib], [], [], etc 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=video/play Mplayer], [ HarmonyPlayer hp], [http://www.a500.org/downloads/audio/index.xhtml playcdda] CDs, [ WildMidi Player], [https://bszili.morphos.me/ UADE mod player], [], [ RNOTunes], [ mp3Player], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;AmiNetRadio, AmigaAmp, playOGG, [https://codeberg.org/tygre/amimodradio amimodradio]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;TuneNet, SimplePlay, AmigaAmp, TKPlayer
|AmiNetRadio, Mplayer, Kaya, AmigaAmp
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Editing Audio 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ Audio Evolution 4] 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://sourceforge.net/projects/hd-rec/ HD-Rec Src], [http://www.sonicpulse.de/eng/news.html SoundFX], [ Samplitude], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[https://sourceforge.net/projects/hd-rec/ HD-Rec], AmiSoundED, [http://os4depot.net/?function=showfile&amp;file=audio/record/audioevolution4.lha Audio Evolution 4] 
|[http://www.hd-rec.de/HD-Rec/index.php?site=home HD-Rec], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Editing Tracker Music
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/hitchhikr/protrekkr Protrekkr], [ Schism Tracker], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=audio/tracker MilkyTracker], [http://www.hivelytracker.com/ HivelyTracker], [ Radium in AROS already],  [http://www.a500.org/downloads/development/index.xhtml libMikMod], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;MilkyTracker, HivelyTracker, DigiBooster, Octamed SoundStudio, [https://github.com/elindstrom/soundtracker soundtracker], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;MilkyTracker, HivelyTracker, GoatTracker
|MilkyTracker, GoatTracker, DigiBooster, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Editing Music [], [https://github.com/kmatheussen/camd CAMD] and/or staves and musical notes on manuscript [https://github.com/ratchov/midish midish] midi sequencer 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://bnp.hansfaust.de/ Bars and Pipes], [], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://bnp.hansfaust.de/ Bars'n'Pipes], MusicX* David &quot;Talin&quot; Joiner &amp; Craig Weeks (for Notator-X), Deluxe Music Construction Set DMCS2*, [https://github.com/timoinutilis/midi-sequencer-amigaos Horny c Src] [https://github.com/kas1e/midi-sequencer-amigaos/tree/master/HornyGCC HornyGCC OS4 src] [https://github.com/capehill/midi-sequencer-amigaos Horny OS4 fork src] [https://www.amigans.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?start=0&amp;topic_id=8143&amp;order=ASC&amp;status=&amp;mode=0 OS4 thread], HD-Rec, [https://aminet.net/package/mus/midi/dominatorV1_51 Dominator], [https://github.com/royaltm/Amiga-midiIn Amiga-midiIn], [ Aegis Sonix 2.0]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[https://sourceforge.net/p/hd-rec/code/HEAD/tree/ HD-Rec Src], Rockbeat, [http://bnp.hansfaust.de/download.html Bars'n'Pipes], [https://github.com/gooofy/freeaction Horny OS4 src fork], Audio Evolution 4, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Bars'n'Pipes, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Sound Sampling 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ Advanced AHI Recorder all], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=audio/record Audio Evolution 4], [http://www.imica.net/SitePortalPage.aspx?siteid=1&amp;did=162 Quick Record], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=audio/misc SOX to get AIFF 16bit files], [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/tree/master/workbench/tools/AHIRecord AHIRecord], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://aminet.net/package/mus/edit/AudioEvolution3_src Audio Evolution 3 c src], [ Samplitude]*, Audiomaster IV*, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[https://github.com/timoinutilis/phonolith-amigaos phonolith c src], HD-Rec, Audio Evolution 4,
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[https://sourceforge.net/p/hd-rec/code/HEAD/tree/ HD-Rec Src], Audio Evolution 4,
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Audio Processing like easyeffects so having limiter, compressor, convolver, equalizer and auto volume and many other plugins 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Live Looping or Audio Misc - Groovebox like
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;CD/DVD burn
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility IsoTools], [https://code.google.com/p/amiga-fryingpan/ FryingPan], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;FryingPan, [ MakeCD], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;FryingPan, AmiDVD, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://www.amiga.org/forums/printthread.php?t=58736 FryingPan], Jalopeano, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;CD/DVD audio rip
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;Lame, [http://www.imica.net/SitePortalPage.aspx?siteid=1&amp;cfid=0&amp;did=167 Quick CDrip],
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Lame,  
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;Lame, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Lame,  
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;MP3 v1 and v2 Tagger
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;id3ren (v1), [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=audio/edit mp3info], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Audio Convert
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=audio/misc Sox], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://aminet.net/package/mus/misc/SoundBox SoundBox], [http://aminet.net/package/mus/misc/SoundBoxKey SoundBox Key], [http://aminet.net/package/mus/edit/SampleE SampleE], sox 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;DJ mixing jamming 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/djh0ffman/PT1210 Hoffman PT1210 DJ tracker], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Radio Automation Software [http://www.rivendellaudio.org/ Rivendell], [http://code.campware.org/projects/livesupport/report/3 Campware LiveSupport], [http://www.sourcefabric.org/en/airtime/ SourceFabric AirTime], [http://www.ohloh.net/p/mediabox404 MediaBox404], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Speakers Audio Sonos Mains AC networked wired controlled 
*2005 ZP100 with ZP80 
*2008 Zoneplayer ZP120 (multi-room wireless amp)  ZP90 receiver only with CR100 controller, 
*2009 ZonePlayer S5, 
*2010 BR100 wireless Bridge (no support),   
*2011 Play:3
*2013 Bridge (no support), Play:1,  
*2016 Arc,   Play:1,   
*Beam (Gen 2),   Playbar,  Ray,   Era 100,   Era 300,   Roam,   Move 2,   
*Sub (Gen 3),   Sub Mini,  Five,  Amp  S2 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;SonosController 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;SonosController
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;SonosController
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;SonosController
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Smart Speakers 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|}

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Commercial product.

[[#top|...to the top]]

==Video Creativity and Production==
{|  class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|- 
!width:30%;|Video
!width:10%;|AROS(x86)
!width:10%;|Commodore-Amiga OS 3.1(68k)
!width:10%;|Hyperion OS4(PPC)
!width:10%;|MorphOS(PPC)
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Playing Video 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=video/play Mplayer], [ VAMP], [http://www.a500.org/downloads/video/index.xhtml CDXL player], [http://www.a500.org/downloads/video/index.xhtml IffAnimPlay], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Frogger*, AMP2, MPlayer, RiVA*, MooViD*, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;DvPlayer, MPlayer 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;MPlayer, Frogger, AMP2, VLC 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Streaming Video and game streaming like OBS studio, Parsec, [https://github.com/lizardbyte/sunshine sunshine], [https://github.com/moonlight-stream/moonlight-qt moonlight], etc 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Playing DVD 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://a-mc.biz/ AMC]*, Mplayer 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;AMP2, Frogger 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://a-mc.biz/ AMC]*, DvPlayer*, AMP2,  
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Mplayer 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Screen Recording
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=video/record Screenrecorder], [ ], [ ], [ ], [ ], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Screenrecorder, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Create Edit Individual Video [https://github.com/storytold/filmcraft filmcraft]
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ Mencoder], [ Quick Videos], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/edit AVIbuild], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/misc FrameBuild], FFMPEG, 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[ MainConcept Mainactor Broadcast*], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_Toaster Video Toaster*] with [https://discreetfx.com/openvideotoaster.html some c src], MacroSystem MovieShop 4.3*, proDAD Adorage*, [ IOSpirit VHI studio]*, [Gold Disk ShowMaker], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;FFMpeg/GUI 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Blender, Mencoder, FFmpeg
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Subtitle editor 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://aminet.net/package/text/edit/Slarti_Arosx86ABIv0 Slarti_Arosx86ABIv0], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;IP-based video production workflows with High Dynamic Range (HDR), 10-bit color collaborative NDI, 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Blogging like Lemmy or kbin
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;VR face recognition for Vtubers 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;VR chatting Live2D models with Cubism type editor or [https://github.com/AyagamiDev/ayagami ayagami] like with zipped moc3 with model metadata (model3, cdi3) 
&lt;pre&gt;
Model data (cmo3)
Basic motions (can3)
Background image (png)
Set of files for embedding (runtime folder)
• Model data (moc3)
• Motion data (motion3.json)
• Model settings file (model3.json)
• Physics settings file (physics3.json)
• Display auxiliary file (cdi3.json)
&lt;/pre&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;VR chatting chatters .VRML models - standardized 3D file format for VR avatars 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;V-tubers V-tubing like Vseeface with Openseeface tracker or Vpuppr (virtual puppet project) for online live 2d / 3d art models rigging rigged LIV 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|}

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Commercial product.

[[#top|...to the top]]


==Misc Application==
{|  class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|- 
!width:30%;|Misc Application
!width:10%;|AROS(x86)
!width:10%;|Commodore-Amiga OS 3.1 (68k)
!width:10%;|Hyperion OS4(PPC)
!width:10%;|MorphOS(PPC)
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;File Management 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;DOpus4, [https://github.com/BlitterStudio/dopus5 DOpus Magellan aka DOpus 5], [ Scalos], [ FileMaster], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;DOpus2, DOpus 4, [https://github.com/BlitterStudio/dopus5 Dopus5 Magellan], ClassAction, FileMaster, DirWork 2*, [https://github.com/RudolphRiedel/DiskMaster2 DiskMaster2 src], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;DOpus4, [https://github.com/BlitterStudio/dopus5 Dopus5 Magellan], Filer, AmiDisk 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;DOpus4, [https://github.com/BlitterStudio/dopus5 Dopus5 Magellan], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Package Application Installer 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/tomaszstaniak?tab=repositories Pkg manager], [https://aros-pkg.azurewebsites.net/search?arch=x86_64 Pkg], [ InstallerNG], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;InstallerNG, Grunch, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;Jack
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Jack 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Compression archiver [https://github.com/FS-make-simple/paq9a paq9a], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;XAD system is a toolkit designed for handling various file and disk archiver
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[https://aminet.net/package/util/pack/decrunchmania_os4 Crunchmania CrM2 depacker], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Binary Hexadecimal Editor 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=development/edit Zaphod], [],
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Filesystem Partition Editor formatter Disk Management
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=1440&amp;highlight=partition&amp;pid=8821#post_8821 QuickPart], [ HDToolBox]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/stefanskotte/hdpart hdpart], [https://github.com/ChuckyGang/AmiPart AmiPart], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Filesystem Repair and backups 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;ArSFSDoctor, 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://aminet.net/package/disk/bakup/quarterback_src Quarterback Tools C and asm src], [ ], [ ], [ ], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;System Disk check, integrity and history [https://github.com/smartmontools/smartmontools smart tools], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;File Verification / Repair 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://arosarchives.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility md5sum], [https://arosarchives.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/filetool asum], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/filetool workpar2] (PAR2),  [http://zakalwe.fi/~shd/foss/cksfv/files/ compile cksfv from website], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Par2, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Multiple File renaming
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;DOpus 4 or 5, 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Anti Virus
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;VChecker, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Random Wallpaper Desktop changer [ DOpus5], [ Scalos],  
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Alarm Clock, Timer, Stopwatch, Countdown 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/workbench DClock], [http://aminet.net/util/time/AlarmClockAROS.lha AlarmClock], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Edge snap window tool 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/kaffeine1/edgesnap edgesnap]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|}


==Misc Application 2==
{|  class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|- 
!width:30%;|Misc Application
!width:10%;|AROS(x86)
!width:10%;|Commodore-Amiga OS 3.1(68k)
!width:10%;|Hyperion OS4(PPC)
!width:10%;|MorphOS(PPC)
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;C/C++ IDE Integrated Development 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://sourceforge.net/projects/aidea/ AIDEa], [ Murks], [],  
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://devplex.awardspace.biz/cubic/index.html Cubic IDE]*, [ StormC], [https://github.com/jens-maus/amide amide], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;CodeBench , [https://gitlab.com/boemann/codecraft CodeCraft], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://devplex.awardspace.biz/cubic/index.html Cubic IDE]*, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;C/C++ Text Editors 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/text/edit FrexxEd], [https://github.com/vidarh/FrexxEd FrexxEd src], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/text/edit Annotate] with [https://www.onyxsoft.se/files/annotate_src.lha src], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[ Protext], [ CED], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[https://www.onyxsoft.se/annotate.html Annotate], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Repository
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ Git]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;Git
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;BASIC Computer Language 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=development/language Basic4SDL], [ Ace Basic], [ X-AMOS], [SDLBasic], [ Alvyn], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://www.amiforce.de/main.php Amiblitz 3] with [https://github.com/AmiBlitz/AmiBlitz3 Asm src], [http://amos.condor.serverpro3.com/AmosProManual/contents/c1.html Amos Pro] with [https://github.com/AmiDARK/AmosProfessionalUnity-Official-Releases Asm src], [http://aminet.net/package/dev/basic/ace24dist ACE Basic], [https://github.com/gooofy/aqb aqb], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;sdlBasic
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Computer Languages Translation [https://tetracorp.github.io/guide/reverse-engineering-amiga.html], [https://amigasourcecodepreservation.gitlab.io/amiga-assembler-insider-guide/], [https://github.com/kermitfrog/Amiga-Re-Engineering Rust, Ghidra and FS-UAE], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://bitbucket.org/rhinoid/convert68000toc/src/main/ convert m68k seka asm-one to c], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Gui Creators
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=development/guitool MuiBuilder], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[ MuiBuilder],  
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Catalog .cd .ct Custom App Language Editors 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;FlexCat, [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility Flexcat GUI], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://www.geit.de/deu_simplecat.html SimpleCat], FlexCat
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://aminet.net/package/dev/misc/simplecat SimpleCat], FlexCat
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://www.geit.de/deu_simplecat.html SimpleCat], FlexCat
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Cross Development 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/geekychris/amiga_mcp amiga_mcp], [https://github.com/mbergmann-sh/AmigaED4-IDE AmigaED4-IDE], [https://lemonspawn.com/turbo-rascal-syntax-error-expected-but-begin/ Turbo Rascal], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|}

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Commercial product.


==Misc Application 3==
{|  class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|- 
!width:30%;|Misc Application
!width:10%;|AROS(x86)
!width:10%;|Commodore-Amiga OS 3.1(68k)
!width:10%;|Hyperion OS4(PPC)
!width:10%;|MorphOS(PPC)
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;System 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ SysExplorer], [ SysMon], [ Scout], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Terminals Shells CLIs 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/tomaszstaniak/limpet limpet], [], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;OSK On Screen Keyboard
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://aminet.net/util/wb/OSK.lha OSK]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Screen Magnifier Magnifying Glass Magnification 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://www.onyxsoft.se/files/zoomit.lha ZoomIT], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Comic Book CBR CBZ format reader viewer 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/viewer comics], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/viewer comicon], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Ebook Reader 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://blog.alb42.de/programs/#legadon Legadon EPUB],[]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Ebook Converter 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Text to Speech tts [https://github.com/JonathanFly/bark-installer Bark], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ Echo &quot; &quot; &gt;SPEAK:A1 inbuilt], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=audio/misc flite], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://www.text2speech.com translator], [https://github.com/sidick/narrator.wyoming narrator.wyoming], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=search&amp;tool=simple FLite]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://se.aminet.net/pub/aminet/mus/misc/ FLite]
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Speech Voice Recognition Dictation - [http://sourceforge.net/projects/cmusphinx/files/ CMU Sphinx], [http://julius.sourceforge.jp/en_index.php?q=en/index.html Julius], [http://www.isip.piconepress.com/projects/speech/index.html ISIP], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Speech Voice Changer [], [], [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Screen Display Blanker screensaver 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;Blanker Commodity (built in), [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/screenblanker GarshneBlanker], [http://sourceforge.net/projects/gblanker/ GBlanker Src], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;MultiCX, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;ModernArt Blanker, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Fortune Cookie Quotes Sayings 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/misc AFortune], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|}


==Misc Application 4==
{|  class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|- 
!width:30%;|Misc Application
!width:10%;|AROS(x86)
!width:10%;|Commodore-Amiga OS 3.1(68k)
!width:10%;|Hyperion OS4(PPC)
!width:10%;|MorphOS(PPC)
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Fractals mandelbrot, etc 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/misc], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;ZoneXplorer, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Landscape Rendering 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/raytrace WCS World Construction Set], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[ Vista Pro], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Construction_Set World Construction Set]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[ WCS World Construction Set],
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[ WCS World Construction Set],
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Astronomy [https://sourceforge.net/projects/skychart/ skychart freepascal], [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ Digital Almanac (ABIv0 only)], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://aminet.net/search?query=planetarium Aminet search], [http://aminet.net/misc/sci/DA3V56ISO.zip Digital Almanac], [https://aminet.net/package/misc/sci/da3sourceV58 Src c V58], [ Galileo renamed to Distant Suns]*, [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://sourceforge.net/projects/digital-almanac/ Digital Almanac], Distant Suns*, [http://www.digitaluniverse.org.uk/ Digital Universe]*,
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://www.aminet.net/misc/sci/da3.lha Digital Almanac], [http://www.aminet.net/package/misc/sci/da3-mos-src Src c V56], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Astrology [https://sourceforge.net/projects/skylendar/ skylendar], [https://github.com/CruiserOne/Astrolog Astrolog], [https://www.astrolog.org/astrolog/astfile.htm Astrology alt site], [https://saravali.github.io/download.html Maitreya], [https://github.com/alamahant/Asteria Asteria], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Genealogy History Family Tree Ancestry Records (FreeBMD, FreeREG, and FreeCEN file formats or GEDCOM GenTree)
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt; [ Origins], [ Your Family Tree], [ ], [ ], [ ], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Languages 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Fun School, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Mathematics ([http://www-fourier.ujf-grenoble.fr/~parisse/install_en.html Xcas], etc.), 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/scientific mathX] 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Maple V, mathX, Fun School, GCSE Maths, [ ], [ ], [ ], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;Yacas 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Yacas 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Maths Graph Function Plotting
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://blog.alb42.de/programs/#MUIPlot MUIPlot], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;App Utility Launcher Dock toolbar  
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/docky BoingBar], [ Dockbar], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/adkennan/DockBot Dockbot],
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;3D Printer [https://github.com/OrcaSlicer/OrcaSlicer OrcaSlicer]
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;CNC control with laser and vinyl cutting 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;PCB design
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[ ], [ ], [ ], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Digital Signage
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;Hollywood, Hollywood Designer 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;HAM radio, amateur radio, packet radio,  [], [], [], [https://cemaxecuter.com/ Dragon OS], [https://github.com/km4ack/73Linux with 73 link update], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YAL5KNePRSg video for], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/punktniklas/NiKom NiKom], [https://www.amigarealm.com/amiga/amicomms/comm4.htm Comm4], [https://www.amigarealm.com/archives/comms/aarug/ TNC Terminal Node Controller with packets over serial connections on Yaesu or Woxum handheld], [https://aminet.net/comm/misc AmiCom], [ with 7Plus file encoder/decoder], [ mksstv], [ RTTYam], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;modern smart home network like Home Assistant Automation Yellow, Green, Mosquitto, EMQX, IFTTT (aka IF This Then That), 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/evil4dmin/ami2ha HA], [https://github.com/sidick/midge mtqq.lib], [https://aminet.net/package/comm/tcp/AmiHomeassist-0.7 AmiHomeassist], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Teaching classroom learning training [https://github.com/moodle/moodle moodle], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|}

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Commercial product.


==Games &amp; Emulation==

Some emulators/games require OpenGL to function and to adjust ahi prefs channels, frequency and unit0 and unit1 and 
[http://aros.sourceforge.net/documentation/users/shell/changetaskpri.php changetaskpri -1]

Rom patching  https://www.marcrobledo.com/RomPatcher.js/ https://www.romhacking.net/patch/ (ips, ups, bps, etc) and this other site supports the latter formats https://hack64.net/tools/patcher.php 

Free public domain roms for use with emulators can be found [http://www.pdroms.de/ here] as most of the rest are covered by copyright rules. If you like to read about old games see [http://retrogamingtimes.com/ here] and [http://www.armchairarcade.com/neo/ here] and a [http://www.vintagecomputing.com/ blog] about old computers. Possibly some of the [http://www.answers.com/topic/list-of-best-selling-computer-and-video-games best selling] of all time. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_computer_system_emulators Wiki] with emulated systems list.

[https://archive.gamehistory.org/ Archive of VGHF], [https://library.gamehistory.org/ Video Game History Foundation Library search]


{|  class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|- 
!width:10%;|Games [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer Emulation]
!width:10%;|AROS(x86)
!width:10%;|AmigaOS3(68k)
!width:10%;|AmigaOS4(PPC)
!width:10%;|MorphOS(PPC)
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Amstrad CPC 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer], [ Caprice32 (OpenGL &amp; pure SDL)], [ Arnold], [https://retroshowcase.gr/cpcbox-master/], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=2], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Apple2 and 2GS
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Arcade 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem Mame], [ SI Emu (ABIv0 only)], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Mame, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem xmame], amiarcadia, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=2 Mame], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Atari 2600 [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem Stella], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Atari 5200 [https://github.com/wavemotion-dave/A5200DS A5200DS], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Atari 7800
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Atari 400 800 130XL [https://github.com/wavemotion-dave/A8DS A8DS], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer Atari800], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Atari Lynx
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://myfreefilehosting.com/f/6366e11bdf_1.93MB Handy (ABIv0 only)], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Atari Jaguar
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Bandai Wonderswan 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation BBC Micro and Acorn Electron [http://beehttps://bem-unix.bbcmicro.com/download.html BeebEm], [http://b-em.bbcmicro.com/ B-Em], [http://elkulator.acornelectron.co.uk/ Elkulator], [http://electrem.emuunlim.com/ ElectrEm], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Dragon 32 and Tandy CoCo [http://www.6809.org.uk/xroar/ xroar], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[], [], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Commodore C16 Plus4
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Commodore C64
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer Vice (ABIv0 only)], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Frodo, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem viceplus], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Vice, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Commodore Amiga
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer Janus UAE], Emumiga, 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer UAE], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=2 UAE], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Japanese MSX MSX2 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Mattel Intelivision
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Mattel Colecovision and Adam
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Milton Bradley (MB) Vectrex [ Vectrex OpenGL], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation PICO8 Pico-8 fantasy video game console [https://github.com/egordorichev/pemsa-sdl/ pemsa-sdl], [https://github.com/jtothebell/fake-08 fake-08], [https://github.com/Epicpkmn11/fake-08/tree/wip fake-08 fork], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Nintendo Gameboy
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem vba no sound], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem vba]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Nintendo NES
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ EmiNES], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem Fceu], [https://github.com/takahirox/nes-js?tab=readme-ov-file nes-js], [https://github.com/bfirsh/jsnes jsnes], [https://github.com/angelo-wf/NesJs NesJs], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;AmiNES, [http://www.dridus.com/~nyef/darcnes/ darcNES], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem amines]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Nintendo SNES
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem Zsnes], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem warpsnes]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://fabportnawak.free.fr/snes/ Snes9x], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Nintendo N64 
*HLE and plugins [ mupen64], [https://github.com/ares-emulator/ares ares], [https://github.com/N64Recomp/N64Recomp N64Recomp], [https://github.com/rt64/rt64 rt64], [https://github.com/simple64/simple64 Simple64], 
*LLE [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://code.google.com/p/mupen64plus/ Mupen64+],
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://code.google.com/p/mupen64plus/ Mupen64+], [http://aminet.net/package/misc/emu/tr-981125_src TR64], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;[ Nintendo Gamecube Wii]
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;[ Nintendo Wii U]
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;[https://github.com/yuzu-emu Nintendo Switch]
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation NEC PC Engine 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[], [], [https://github.com/yhzmr442/jspce js-pce], 
|[http://www.hugo.fr.fm/ Hugo], [http://mednafen.sourceforge.net/ Mednafen], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem tgemu]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Sega Master System (SMS)
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem Dega], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem sms], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem osmose]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Sega Genesis/Megadrive
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem gp no sound], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem DGen], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://code.google.com/p/genplus-gx/ Genplus], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem genesisplus]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Sega Saturn 
*HLE [https://mednafen.github.io/ mednafen], [http://yabause.org/ yabause], [], 
*LLE [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;?
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://yabause.org/ Yabause], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Sega Dreamcast 
*HLE [https://github.com/flyinghead/flycast  flycast], [https://code.google.com/archive/p/nulldc/downloads NullDC], 
*LLE [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;?
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Sinclair ZX80 and ZX81 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer], [], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Sinclair Spectrum 
|[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer Fuse (crackly sound)], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer SimCoupe], [ FBZX slow], [https://jsspeccy.zxdemo.org/ jsspeccy], [http://torinak.com/qaop/games qaop], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://www.zophar.net/sinclair.html Speculator], [http://www.worldofspectrum.org/x128/index.html X128], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Sinclair QL
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://aminet.net/package/misc/emu/QDOS4amiga1 QDOS4amiga]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation SNK NeoGeo Pocket
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem gngeo], NeoPop, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Sony PlayStation
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem FPSE], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem FPSE]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;[ Sony PS2]
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;[ Sony PS3]
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;[https://vita3k.org/ Sony Vita]
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;[https://github.com/shadps4-emu/shadPS4 PS4]
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tangerine_Computer_Systems Tangerine] Oric and Atmos 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer Oricutron]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem Oricutron]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://aminet.net/package/misc/emu/oricutron Oricutron]
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation TI 99/4 99/4A [https://github.com/wavemotion-dave/DS994a DS994a], [], [https://js99er.net/#/ js99er], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://aminet.net/package/misc/emu/TI4Amiga TI4Amiga], [http://aminet.net/package/misc/emu/TI4Amiga_src TI4Amiga src in c], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation HP 38G 40GS 48 49G/50G Graphing Calculators
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation TI 58 83 84 85 86 - 89 92 Graphing Calculators
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games emulation Ms-Dos Dosbox type 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/tomaszstaniak/aros-boxerapp Boxer]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|}

{|  class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|- 
!width:10%;|Games [https://www.rockpapershotgun.com/ General]
!width:10%;|AROS(x86)
!width:10%;|AmigaOS3(68k)
!width:10%;|AmigaOS4(PPC)
!width:10%;|MorphOS(PPC)
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Games [https://www.trackawesomelist.com/michelpereira/awesome-open-source-games/ Open Source and others] || AROS || Amiga OS || Amiga OS4 || Morphos 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Action like [https://github.com/opentomb/OpenTomb opentomb], [https://github.com/LostArtefacts/TRX TRX formerly Tomb1Main], [https://github.com/TombEngine TombEngine], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/action Thrust], [https://github.com/fragglet/sdl-sopwith sdl sopwith], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/action], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/action BOH], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/BSzili/OpenLara/tree/amiga/src source of openlara SDL2], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Adventure like [http://dotg.sourceforge.net/ DMJ], [https://github.com/kromenak/gengine Gabriel Knight 3], [http://www.sarien.net/ Sierra Sarien], [https://github.com/klembot/twinejs twine js], [https://github.com/QSPFoundation/qspgui Quest Soft Player QSP], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/adventure dmagnetic], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/misc ScummVM], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/roleplaying frotz infocom], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Board like [https://github.com/aperture-software/colditz-escape escape from colditz], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/board], [http://amigan.1emu.net/releases Africa]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Cards 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/card], [https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=1443&amp;rowstart=180&amp;pid=12934#post_12934 Balatro], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS--&gt;[http://home.arcor.de/amigasolitaire/e/welcome.html Reko], [https://github.com/samskivert/beschei-en beschei Src], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Misc [https://github.com/michelpereira/awesome-open-source-games Awesome open], [https://github.com/bobeff/open-source-games General Open Source], [https://github.com/SAT-R/sa2 Sonic Advance 2], [https://github.com/velorek1/cwordle Wordle type], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/misc], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games FPS like [https://aminet.net/package/game/shoot/D1X_Rebirth_AGA Descent D1X src], [https://github.com/DescentDevelopers/Descent3 Descent 3], [https://github.com/Fewnity/Counter-Strike-Nintendo-DS Counter-Strike-Nintendo-DS], [https://github.com/Aleph-One-Marathon/alephone Bungie Marathon 1994], [https://zdoom.org/downloads UzDoom opengl 3.3], [https://github.com/ZDoom/gzdoom gzdoom opengl 3+], [https://zdoom.org/downloads LZDoom opengl 2.1], [https://github.com/OpenXRay/xray-16 S.T.A.L.K.E.R Xray], [https://staniks.github.io/articles/serious-engine-networking-analysis/ Serious Sam] [https://github.com/Croteam-official/Serious-Engine Serious Engine 1]
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;Doom, Quake, [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/fps Quake 3 Arena (OpenGL)], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/fps Cube (OpenGL)], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/fps Assault Cube (OpenGL)], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/fps Cube 2 Sauerbraten (OpenGL)], [http://fodquake.net/test/ FodQuake QuakeWorld], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/fps Duke Nukem 3D], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/fps Darkplaces Nexuiz Xonotic], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/fps Doom 3 SDL (OpenGL)], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/fps Hexenworld and Hexen 2], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/fps Aliens vs Predator Gold 2000 avp (openGL)], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/fps Odamex (openGL doom)], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/fps/ zgloom], [], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/fps/ ab3dhd], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Doom, Quake, AB3D, Fears, Breathless, Gloom, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;Doom, Quake, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=12 Doom], Quake, Quake 3 Arena, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games MMORG like 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ Eternal Lands (OpenGL)],
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Platform like 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/platform], [ Maze of Galious], [ Gish]*(openGL), [ Mega Mario], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/platform/ thextech SMBX], [http://www.gianas-return.de/ Giana's Return], [http://www.sqrxz.de/ Sqrxz], [www.sqrxz2.de/ Sqrxz 2], [http://www.sqrxz.de/sqrxz-3/ Sqrxz 3], [http://www.sqrxz.de/sqrxz-4/ Sqrxz 4], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/platform Cave Story], [https://bszili.morphos.me/ Frogatto], [https://bszili.morphos.me/ OpenJazz], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/platform/ pekkakana2], [ Aquaria], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/platform/ sonic CD], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[ Giana Sisters], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Puzzle [https://github.com/mariopartyrd/marioparty4/tree/port Party], [https://github.com/mdodis/OpenSolomonsKey OpenSolomonsKey], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/puzzle], [ Cubosphere (OpenGL)], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/puzzle Candy Crisis], [http://bszili.morphos.me/ TailTale], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Sports 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/tomaszstaniak/aros-swos OpenSWOS], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Racing [ Trigger Rally], [ VDrift], [http://www.ultimatestunts.nl/index.php?page=2&amp;lang=en Ultimate Stunts], [http://maniadrive.raydium.org/ Mania Drive], [https://github.com/plowteam/donut Simpsons Hit and Run], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ Super Tux Kart (OpenGL)], [http://www.dusabledanslherbe.eu/AROSPage/F1Spirit.30.html F1 Spirit (OpenGL)], [http://bszili.morphos.me/index.html MultiRacer], [https://bszili.morphos.me/ Speed Dreams], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/driving/dethrace-0.10.1.x86_64-aros-v11.zip Carmageddon dethrace 64bit], [http://maniadrive.raydium.org/index.php?downloads=yes maniadrive like trackmania], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://bszili.morphos.me/index.html Speed Dreams], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=12], [http://bszili.morphos.me/index.html TORCS], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games 1st first person DRPG [https://wiki.rpg.net/index.php/Open_Game_Systems Misc], [https://github.com/OpenEnroth/OpenEnroth OpenEnroth MM], []
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/BSzili/aros-stuff Arx Libertatis], [http://www.playfuljs.com/a-first-person-engine-in-265-lines/ js raycaster], [https://github.com/Dorthu/es6-crpg webgl], [https://github.com/sonountaleban/AmiShockolate System Shock], [], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS--&gt;Phantasie, Faery Tale, Dungeon Master, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games 3rd third person action CRPG  [https://sourceforge.net/projects/sumwars/ Summoning Wars], [https://www.solarus-games.org/ Solarus], [https://wiki.rpg.net/index.php/Open_Game_Systems Misc], [https://github.com/alexbatalov/fallout1-ce fallout ce], [https://github.com/rwengine/openrw gta3], [https://github.com/gta-reversed/gta-reversed gta3 sa], [https://github.com/mrxenginner/reVC gta3 vc revc], [https://github.com/jakobharder/burntime/tree/main Burntime], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/strategy/ fheroes2 homm2], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/roleplaying/ breakhack], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/roleplaying/ devilutionx diablo 1 hellfire], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/roleplaying/ fallout 1], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/strategy/ stratagus], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/strategy/ hostile-takeover], [https://github.com/Kalamatee/ Openmw], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games isometric RPG [https://sourceforge.net/projects/sumwars/ Summoning Wars], [https://www.solarus-games.org/ Solarus], [https://wiki.rpg.net/index.php/Open_Game_Systems Misc], [https://github.com/topics/dungeon?l=javascript Dungeon], [], [https://github.com/clintbellanger/heroine-dusk JS Dusk], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/roleplaying nethack], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/roleplaying GemRB], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games card based RPG [https://github.com/open-duelyst/duelyst Duelyst], [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games turn based tactics RPG [], [], [], [], [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/strategy UFO AI], [http://play.freeciv.org/ FreeCiv], [https://juen.in Aveterna online civ], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Strategy [http://rtsgus.org/ RTSgus], [http://stargus.sourceforge.net/ Stargus], [https://github.com/KD-lab-Open-Source/Perimeter Perimeter], [https://matty77.itch.io/conflict-3049 conflict-3049], [https://github.com/ZeroK-RTS/Zero-K Zero-K multi player rts lua], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/strategy MegaGlest (OpenGL)], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/strategy/ signus], [https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=1443&amp;rowstart=140&amp;pid=12446#post_12446 Wargus warcraft 2 setup], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://aminet.net/package/game/strat/OpenDUNE_RTG OpenDUNE_RTG src]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=12]
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Rhythm, Beat, Step [], [], [https://clonehero.net/ clonehero], [https://github.com/MatteoGodzilla/Dj-Engine Dj-Engine], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/misc Frets on Fire], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Shoot Em Ups [http://www.mhgames.org/oldies/formido/ Formido], [http://code.google.com/p/violetland/ Violetland], 
||&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/action Open Tyrian], [http://www.parallelrealities.co.uk/projects/starfighter.php Starfighter], [ Alien Blaster], [https://github.com/OpenFodder/openfodder OpenFodder], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/action/ tbftss The Battle for the Solar System: the Pandora War]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.parallelrealities.co.uk/projects/starfighter.php Starfighter], [ The Battle for the Solar System: the Pandora War]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Simulations [http://scp.indiegames.us/ Freespace 2], [http://www.heptargon.de/gl-117/gl-117.html GL117], [http://code.google.com/p/corsix-th/ Theme Hospital], [http://code.google.com/p/freerct/ Rollercoaster Tycoon], [http://hedgewars.org/ Hedgewars], [https://github.com/raceintospace/raceintospace raceintospace], [https://github.com/Return-To-The-Roots RTTR Settlers 2], [https://github.com/OoliteProject/oolite oolite elite], [https://github.com/fesh0r/newkind newkind elite], [https://github.com/bohemiainteractive/cwr Arma Cold War Src], [https://github.com/endless-sky/endless-sky endless-sky], [https://github.com/pioneerspacesim/pioneer pioneer space command], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/tomaszstaniak/aros-micropolis micropolis]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;SimCity, SimAnt, Sim Hospital, Theme Park, [https://github.com/angree/openttd_amiga_68k openttd amiga_68k], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=12]
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Life Sim [https://github.com/ACreTeam/forest Animal Crossing], [ ], [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Horror [https://github.com/Mikompilation/MikuPan Fatal Frame], [ ], [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Sandbox Voxel Open World Exploration [https://github.com/ClassiCube/ Classicube],[http://www.michaelfogleman.com/craft/ Craft], [https://github.com/tothpaul/DelphiCraft DelphiCraft],[https://www.minetest.net/ Luanti formerly Minetest], [ infiniminer], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/Kalamatee/veloren veloren]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Battle Royale [https://bruh.io/ Play.Bruh.io], [https://www.coolmathgames.com/0-copter Copter Royale], [https://surviv.io/ Surviv.io], [https://nuggetroyale.io/#Ketchup Nugget Royale], [https://miniroyale2.io/ Miniroyale2.io], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Tower Defense [https://chriscourses.github.io/tower-defense/ HTML5], [https://github.com/SBardak/Tower-Defense-Game TD C++], [https://github.com/bdoms/love_defense LUA and LOVE], [https://github.com/HyOsori/Osori-WebGame HTML5], [https://github.com/PascalCorpsman/ConfigTD ConfigTD Pascal], [https://github.com/GloriousEggroll/wine-ge-custom Wine], []
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=1443&amp;rowstart=180&amp;pid=12871#post_12871 Plants vs Zombies PvZ], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/boingball/miggy-tower-defense miggy-tower-defense], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Visual Novel Engines [https://github.com/diane1f0cd/VisualNovelTemplate Visual Novel Template], [https://github.com/Kirilllive/tuesday-js Tuesday JS], [https://github.com/tejasnayak25/vnsutra vnsutra], [https://github.com/weetabix-su/renpsp-dev RenPSP], [https://github.com/Galladite27/ONScripter-EN ONScripter-EN], [https://github.com/NathanGuilhot/VNES-Raylib https://github.com/NathanGuilhot/VNES VNES in Raylib], [https://www.renpy.org/latest.html renpy ren'py python based], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Virtual Reality VR [https://gitlab.com/madsbuvi/openmw openmw vr], [https://github.com/Team-Beef-Studios/BeefRaiderXR BeefRaiderXR], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Virtual Table Top VTT [ Roll20], [https://www.owlbear.rodeo/ owlbear rodeo], [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Computer assisted TableTop TTRPG OSR [https://www.rpgsolo.com/play.php RPGSolo], [https://github.com/fpsvogel/solo-ttrpgs Solo TTRPG], [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games 2D 3D Engines [https://github.com/fegennari/3DWorld 3DWorld], [https://github.com/GarageGames/Torque3D Torque3D], [https://github.com/gameplay3d/GamePlay GamePlay 3D],  [https://www.babylonjs.com/ BabylonJS ], [ Godot], [ Ogre], [ Crystal Space], [https://github.com/JacobHess03/ Dragon-Quest like], [https://github.com/bjornbytes/lovr Lua LOVE for 2D LOVR for 3D], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://www.arkhamdev.net/wiki.htm?id=agx Arkham Development antiryadgx 8.9 lts with register], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/alpyre/Sevgi_Engine Sevgi Engine], [], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games C based game frameworks [https://github.com/orangeduck/Corange Corange], [https://github.com/scottcgi/Mojoc Mojoc], [https://orx-project.org/ Orx], [https://github.com/ioquake/ioq3 Quake 3], [https://www.mapeditor.org/ Tiled], [https://www.raylib.com/ 2d Raylib], [https://github.com/Rabios/awesome-raylib other raylib], [https://github.com/MrFrenik/gunslinger Gunslinger], [https://o3de.org/ o3d], [http://archives.aros-exec.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=development/library GLFW], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=development/library Raylib 5], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games RPGMaker MV/MZ-compatible projects [https://github.com/Psychronic-Games/RPGReactor RPGReactor js],
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Virtual Pinball [https://github.com/vpinball/vpinball vpinball], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games unpack unarc [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|}


==Application Guides==

[[#top|...to the top]]

===Web Browser===

OWB is now at version 2.0 (which got an engine refresh, from July 2015 to February 2019) and 3.0.

This latest version has a good support for many/most web sites, even YouTube web page now works. [https://www.bilibili.tv/en/search untested] 

This improved compatibility comes at the expense of higher RAM usage (now 1GB RAM is the absolute minimum). 

Also, keep in mind that the lack of a JIT (Just-In-Time) JS compiler on the 32 bit version, makes the web surfing a bit slow. 

Only the 64 bit version of OWB 2.0 will have JIT enabled, thus benefitting of more speed. There are tooltypes that can be added to the icon to provide further features JIT, MSE etc 


Certificates from [https://curl.se/docs/caextract.html ca certs], 


DNS tracking blocking with [https://easylist.to/easylist/easylist.txt easylist.txt] in PROGDIR:Conf before starting browser with enabled AdBlock [https://github.com/easylist/easylist/tree/master easylist], [https://gitlab.com/eyeo anti abp], [https://firebog.net/ big blocklist], [https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts Steves], [], [], 

This can be enabled with OWB Odyssey with Windows -&gt; Content Blocking and Windows -&gt; Messages and enter 

 https://www.youtube.com/api/stats/ads*
 https://www.youtube.com/pagead/adview*
 https://www.youtube.com#@##player-ads*

into your custom filters 


Element blocker browser extension might be needed for [https://github.com/easylist/easylist/wiki/Youtube-Issues youtube], [ mid roll], [ pre roll], [ ],  


OWB speed is much better when running from RAM Disk, the best way is to add the below into your S:User-Startup which copies OWB drawer from Extras:Internet/OWB to RAM Disk: 

So add this :
&lt;pre&gt;
copy Extras:Internet/OWB Ram:OWB/ ALL CLONE &gt;NIL:
copy Extras:Internet/OWB.info Ram: &gt;NIL:
&lt;/pre&gt;
Open RAM Disk and open OWB drawer and double click on OWB icon so that the above icon tooltypes are activated 

Problems are that the copy time is long (around 20 seconds added in the background), but we can make it faster if we delete useless files from the OWB drawer (docs, …)
If you don’t copy the drawer back onto the HD, you won’t save your cache, cookies, passwords… So you need a script for it.

 copy Extras:Internet/Amelinium/#? Ram:Amelinium/ ALL CLONE &gt;NIL: 

Error messages 

SSL error &quot;cant verify with ca-certificates&quot;, check bios clock time date is correct 

Error 6, try checking networking prefs settings and Save / Use preferences again or a '''few times''' otherwise the network chipset may not be compatible with Aros 


[https://www.google.com/search?q=%s&amp;udm=14 Google search without AI overview] 
[ DuckDuckGo]
[ Ecosia]
[ Qwant]
[ Swisscows]
[ Mojeek]
[ Brave Search]
[ PreSearch]
[ Startpage] 


===E-mail===

 Emailinium is now available for IMAP and POP3 based accounts 

YAM does not support SSL and most mail providers now switched to encrypted SMTP/POP3 connections


====SimpleMail====

SimpleMail supports IMAP and appears to work with GMail, but it's never been reliable enough, it can crash with large mailboxes.

Please read more on this [http://www.freelists.org/list/simplemail-usr User list]


 GMail

Be sure to activate the pop3 usage in your gmail account setup / configuration first.

pop3: 
pop.gmail.com
Use SSL: Yes
Port: 995

smtp:
smtp.gmail.com (with authentication)
Use Authentication: Yes
Use SSL: Yes
Port: 465 or 587


 Hotmail/MSN/outlook/Microsoft Mail mid-2017, all outlook.com accounts will be migrated to Office 365 / Exchange

Most users are currently on POP which does not allow showing folders and many other features (technical limitations of POP3). With Microsoft IMAP you will get folders, sync read/unread, and show flags. You still won't get push though, as Microsoft has not turned on the IMAP Idle command as at Sept 2013.

If you want to try it, you need to first remove (you can't edit) your pop account (long-press the account on the accounts screen, delete account). Then set it up this way:

1. Email/Password
2. Manual
3. IMAP
4.

* Incoming: imap-mail.outlook.com, port 993, SSL/TLS should be checked
* Outgoing: smtp-mail.outlook.com, port 587, SSL/TLS should be checked
* POP server name pop-mail.outlook.com, port 995, POP encryption method SSL

 Yahoo  Mail

On April 24, 2002 Yahoo ceased to offer POP access to its free mail service. Introducing instead a yearly payment feature, allowing users POP3 and IMAP server support, along with such benefits as larger file attachment sizes and no adverts.

Sorry to see Yahoo leaving its users to cough up for the privilege of accessing their mail. Understandable, when competing against rivals such as Gmail and Hotmail who hold a large majority of users and were hacked in 2014 as well.


Incoming Mail (IMAP) Server

* Server - imap.mail.yahoo.com
* Port - 993
* Requires SSL - Yes

Outgoing Mail (SMTP) Server

* Server - smtp.mail.yahoo.com
* Port - 465 or 587
* Requires SSL - Yes
* Requires authentication - Yes

Your login info

* Email address - Your full email address (name@domain.com)
* Password - Your account's password
* Requires authentication - Yes


Note that you need to enable “Web &amp; POP Access” in your Yahoo Mail account to send and receive Yahoo Mail messages through any other email program.

You will have to enable “Allow your Yahoo Mail to be POPed” under “POP and Forwarding”, to send and receive Yahoo mails through any other email client.

Cannot be done since 2002 unless the customer pays Yahoo a subscription subs fee to have access to SMTP and POP3

* Set the POP server for incoming mails as pop.mail.yahoo.com. You will have to enable “SSL” and use 995 for Port.
* “Account Name or Login Name” – Your Yahoo Mail ID i.e. your email address without the domain “@yahoo.com”.
* “Email Address” – Your Yahoo Mail address i.e. your email address including the domain “@yahoo.com”. E.g. myname@yahoo.com
* “Password” – Your Yahoo Mail password.

Yahoo! Mail Plus users may have to set POP server as plus.pop.mail.yahoo.com and SMTP server as plus.smtp.mail.yahoo.com.

* Set the SMTP server for outgoing mails as smtp.mail.yahoo.com. You will also have to make sure that “SSL” is enabled and use 465 for port. you must also enable “authentication” for this to work.


====YAM Yet Another Mailer====

 YAM does not support SSL and most mail providers have now switched to encrypted SMTP/POP3 connections

This email client is POP3 only if the SSL library is available [http://www.freelists.org/list/yam YAM Freelists]

One of the downsides of using a POP3 mailer unfortunately - you have to set an option not to delete the mail if you want it left on the server. IMAP keeps all the emails on the server.

Possible issues

Sending mail issues is probably a matter of using your ISP's SMTP server, though it could also be an SSL issue.


getting a &quot;Couldn't initialise TLSv1 / SSL error

Use of on-line e-mail accounts with this email client is not possible as it lacks the OpenSSL AmiSSl v3 compatible library

 GMail 
Incoming Mail (POP3) Server - requires SSL: pop.gmail.com
Use SSL: Yes
Port: 995

Outgoing Mail (SMTP) Server - requires TLS: smtp.gmail.com (use authentication)
Use Authentication: Yes
Use STARTTLS: Yes (some clients call this SSL)
Port: 465 or 587

Account Name: your Gmail username (including '@gmail.com')
Email Address: your full Gmail email address (username@gmail.com)
Password: your Gmail password

Anyway, the SMTP is pop.gmail.com port 465 and it uses SSLLv3 Authentication. The POP3 settings are for the same server (pop.gmail.com), only on port 995 instead.


 Outlook.com access

&lt;pre &gt;
Outlook.com SMTP server address: smtp.live.com
Outlook.com SMTP user name: Your full Outlook.com email address (not an alias)
Outlook.com SMTP password: Your Outlook.com password
Outlook.com SMTP port: 587
Outlook.com SMTP TLS/SSL encryption required: yes 
&lt;/pre &gt;


 Yahoo  Mail

&lt;pre &gt;
“POP3 Server” – Set the POP server for incoming mails as pop.mail.yahoo.com. You will have to enable “SSL” and use 995 for Port.
“SMTP Server” – Set the SMTP server for outgoing mails as smtp.mail.yahoo.com. You will also have to make sure that “SSL” is enabled and use 465 for port. you must also enable “authentication” for this to work.
“Account Name or Login Name” – Your Yahoo Mail ID i.e. your email address without the domain “@yahoo.com”.
“Email Address” – Your Yahoo Mail address i.e. your email address including the domain “@yahoo.com”. E.g. myname@yahoo.com
“Password” – Your Yahoo Mail password.
&lt;/pre &gt;

Yahoo! Mail Plus users may have to set POP server as plus.pop.mail.yahoo.com and SMTP server as plus.smtp.mail.yahoo.com.

Note that you need to enable “Web &amp; POP Access” in your Yahoo Mail account to send and receive Yahoo Mail messages through any other email program.

You will have to enable “Allow your Yahoo Mail to be POPed” under “POP and Forwarding”, to send and receive Yahoo mails through any other email client.

Cannot be done since 2002 unless the customer pays Yahoo a monthly fee to have access to SMTP and POP3


 Microsoft Outlook Express Mail 

1. Get the files to your PC.
By whatever method get the files off your Amiga onto your PC. In the YAM folder you have a number of different folders, one for each of your folders in YAM. Inside that is a file usually some numbers such as 332423.283. YAM created a new file for every single email you received.

2. Open up a brand new Outlook Express. Just configure the account to use 127.0.0.1 as mail servers. It doesn't really matter. You will need to manually create any subfolders you used in YAM.

3. You will need to do a mass rename on all your email files from YAM. Just add a .eml to the end of it. Amazing how PCs still rely mostly on the file name so it knows what sort of file it is rather than just looking at it! There are a number of multiple renamers online to download and free too.

4. Go into each of your folders, inbox, sent items etc. And do a select all then drag the files into Outlook Express (to the relevant folder obviously) Amazingly the file format that YAM used is very compatible with .eml standard and viola your emails appear. With correct dates and working attachments.

5. If you want your email into Microsoft Outlook. Open that up and create a new profile and a new blank PST file. Then go into File Import and choose to import from Outlook Express. And the mail will go into there. And viola.. you have your old email from your Amiga in a more modern day format.


===FTP===

Magellan has a great FTP module. It allows transferring files from/to a FTP server over the Internet or the local network and, even if FTP is perceived as a &quot;thing of the past&quot;, its usability is all inside the client. The FTP thing has a nice side effect too, since every Icaros machine can be a FTP server as well, and our files can be easily transferred from an Icaros machine to another with a little configuration effort.

First of all, we need to know the 'server' IP address. Server is the Icaros machine with the file we are about to download on another Icaros machine, that we're going to call 'client'. To do that, move on the server machine and 1) run Prefs/Services to be sure &quot;FTP file transfer&quot; is enabled (if not, enable it and restart Icaros); 2) run a shell and enter this command:

ifconfig -a

Make a note of the IP address for the network interface used by the local area network. For cabled devices, it usually is net0:. Now go on the client machine and run Magellan:

Perform these actions: 1) click on FTP; 2) click on ADDRESS BOOK; 3) click on &quot;New&quot;. 
You can now add a new entry for your Icaros server machine:

1) Choose a name for your server, in order to spot it immediately in the address book. Enter the IP address you got before.

2) click on Custom Options:


1) go to Miscellaneous in the left menu;

2) Ensure &quot;Passive Transfers&quot; is NOT selected;

3) click on Use. We need to deactivate Passive Transfers because YAFS, the FTP server included in Icaros, only allows active transfers at the current stage. Now, we can finally connect to our new file source:


1) Look into the address book for the newly introduced server, be sure that name and IP address are right, and

2) click on Connect. A new lister with server's &quot;MyWorkspace&quot; contents will appear. You can now transfer files over the network choosing a destination among your local (client's) volumes.

Can be adapted to any FTP client on any platform of your choice, just be sure your client allows Active Transfers as well.


===IRC Internet Relay Chat===

Jabberwocky is ideal for one-to-one social media communication, use IRC if you require one to many. 

Just type a message in ''lowercase''' letters and it will be posted to all in the [ AROS irc channel]. Please do not use UPPER CASE as it is a sign of SHOUTING which is annoying.

Other things to type in - replace &lt;message&gt; with a line of text and &lt;nick&gt; with a person's name

&lt;pre&gt;
/help

/list

/who
/whois &lt;nick&gt;

/msg &lt;nick&gt; &lt;message&gt;

/query &lt;nick&gt; 
&lt;message&gt;s
/query

/away &lt;message&gt;
/away

/quit &lt;going away message&gt; 
&lt;/pre&gt;


[http://irchelp.org/irchelp/new2irc.html#smiley Intro guide here]. IRC Primer can be found here in [http://www.irchelp.org/irchelp/ircprimer.html html], [http://www.irchelp.org/irchelp/text/ircprimer.txt TXT], [http://www.kei.com/irc/IRCprimer1.1.ps PostScript].


Issue the command /me &lt;text&gt; where &lt;text&gt; is the text that should follow your nickname.
Example: /me slaps ajk around a bit with a large trout

/nick &lt;newNick&gt;

/nickserv register &lt;password&gt; &lt;email address&gt;

/ns instead of /nickserv, while others might need /msg nickserv

/nickserv identify &lt;password&gt;

Alternatives:
/ns identify &lt;password&gt;
/msg nickserv identify &lt;password&gt;


==== IRC WookieChat ====

WookieChat is the most complete internet client for communication across the IRC Network. WookieChat allows you to swap ideas and communicate in real-time, you can also exchange Files, Documents, Images and everything else using the application's DCC capabilities.


add smilies drawer/directory

 run wookiechat from the shell and set stack to 1000000 e.g. wookiechat stack 1000000

select a server / server window

* nickname 
* user name 
* real name - optional

Once you configure the client with your preferred screen name, you'll want to find a channel to talk in.


servers

* New Server - click on this to add / add extra - change details in section below this click box 
* New Group
* Delete Entry
* Connect to server
* connect in new tab
* perform on connect

Change details

* Servername - change text in this box to one of the below Server: 
* Port number - no need to change
* Server password
* Channel - add #channel from below 
* auto join - can click this 
* nick registration password,

Click Connect to server button above


&lt;pre&gt;
Server: irc.freenode.net
Channel: #aros
&lt;/pre&gt;

irc://irc.freenode.net/aros

&lt;pre&gt;
Server: chat.amigaworld.net 
Channel: #amigaworld or #amigans 
&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;
On Sunday evenings USA time usually starting around 3PM EDT (1900 UTC)
Server:irc.superhosts.net
Channel #team*amiga  
&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;
BitlBee and Minbif are IRCd-like gateways to multiple IM networks
Server: im.bitlbee.org 
Port 6667 
Seems to be most useful on WookieChat as you can be connected to several servers at once. One for Bitlbee and any messages that might come through that. One for your normal IRC chat server. 
&lt;/pre&gt;

[http://www.bitlbee.org/main.php/servers.html Other servers],

&lt;pre&gt;
#Amiga.org - irc.synirc.net eu.synirc.net dissonance.nl.eu.synirc.net (IPv6: 2002:5511:1356:0:216:17ff:fe84:68a) 
twilight.de.eu.synirc.net zero.dk.eu.synirc.net us.synirc.net avarice.az.us.synirc.net envy.il.us.synirc.net harpy.mi.us.synirc.net 
liberty.nj.us.synirc.net snowball.mo.us.synirc.net - Ports 6660-6669 7001 (SSL)
&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;
Multiple server support
&quot;Perform on connect&quot; scripts and channel auto-joins
Automatic Nickserv login
Tabs for channels and private conversations
CTCP PING, TIME, VERSION, SOUND
Incoming and Outgoing DCC SEND file transfers
Colours for different events
Logging and automatic reloading of logs
mIRC colour code filters
Configurable timestamps
GUI for changing channel modes easily
Configurable highlight keywords
URL Grabber window
Optional outgoing swear word filter
Event sounds for tabs opening, highlighted words, and private messages
DCC CHAT support
Doubleclickable URL's
Support for multiple languages using LOCALE
Clone detection
Auto reconnection to Servers upon disconnection
Command aliases
Chat display can be toggled between AmIRC and mIRC style
Counter for Unread messages
Graphical nicklist and graphical smileys with a popup chooser
&lt;/pre&gt;


====IRC Aircos ====

Double click on Aircos icon in Extras:Networking/Apps/Aircos. It has been set up with a guest account for trial purposes. Though ideally, choose a nickname and password for frequent use of irc. 


====IRC and XMPP Jabberwocky====
 Servers are setup and close down at random 
You sign up to a server that someone else has setup and access chat services through them. 

The two ways to access chat from jabberwocky
&lt;pre &gt;
Jabberwocky -&gt; Server -&gt; XMPP -&gt; open and ad-free 
Jabberwocky -&gt; Server -&gt; Transports (Gateways) -&gt; Proprietary closed systems 
&lt;/pre &gt;

The Jabber.org service connects with all IM services that use XMPP, the open standard for instant messaging and presence over the Internet. The services we connect with include Google Talk (closed), Live Journal Talk, Nimbuzz, Ovi, and thousands more. However, you can not connect from Jabber.org to proprietary services like AIM, ICQ, MSN, Skype, or Yahoo because they don’t yet use XMPP components (XEP-0114) '''but''' you can use Jabber.com's servers and IM gateways (MSN, ICQ, Yahoo etc.) instead.

The best way to use jabberwocky is in conjunction with a public jabber server with '''transports''' to your favorite services, like gtalk, Facebook, yahoo, ICQ, AIM, etc.


You have to register with one of the servers, [https://list.jabber.at/ this list] or [http://www.jabberes.org/servers/ another list], [http://xmpp.net/ this security XMPP list],

Unfortunately jabberwocky can only connect to one server at a time so it is best to check what services each server offers. If you set it up with separate Facebook and google talk accounts, for example, sometimes you'll only get one or the other.

Jabberwocky open a window where the Jabber server part is typed in as well as your Nickname and Password.

Jabber ID (JID) identifies you to the server and other users.

Once registered the next step is to goto Jabberwocky's &quot;Windows&quot; menu and select the &quot;Agents&quot; option. The &quot;Agents List&quot; window will open.

Roster (contacts list)

[http://search.wensley.org.uk/ Chatrooms] (MUC) are available

File Transfer - can send and receive files through the Jabber service but not with other services like IRC, ICQ, AIM or Yahoo. All you need is an installed webbrowser and OpenURL.

Clickable URLs - The message window uses Mailtext.mcc and you can set a URL action in the MUI mailtext prefs like SYS:Utils/OpenURL %s NEWWIN.

There is no consistent Skype like (H.323 VoIP) video conferencing available over Jabber. The move from xmpp to Jingle should help but no support on any amiga-like systems at the moment. [http://aminet.net/package/dev/src/AmiPhoneSrc192 AmiPhone] and [http://www.lysator.liu.se/%28frame,faq,nobg,useframes%29/ahi/v4-site/ Speak Freely] was an early attempt voice only contact. SIP and Asterisk are other PBX options.


 Facebook

If you're using the XMPP transport provided by Facebook themselves, chat.facebook.com, it looks like they're now requiring SSL transport. This means jabberwocky method below will no longer work. The best thing to do is to create an ID on a public jabber server which has a Facebook gateway.

&lt;pre &gt;
1. launch jabberwocky
2. if the login window doesn't appear on launch, select 'account' from the jabberwocky menu
3. your jabber ID will be user@chat.facebook.com where user is your user ID
4. your password is your normal facebook password
5. to save this for next time, click the popup gadget next to the ID field

6. click the 'add' button
7. click the 'close' button
8. click the 'connect' button
&lt;/pre &gt;

you're done. you can also click the 'save as default account' button if you want. jabberwocky configured to auto-connect when launching the program, but you can configure as you like. there is amigaguide documentation included with jabberwocky.

[http://amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?topic_id=37085&amp;forum=32 Read more here]

for Facebook users, you can log-in directly to Facebook with jabberwocky. just sign in as @chat.facebook.com with your Facebook password as the password


 Twitter

For a few years, there has been added a twitter transport. Servers include [http://jabber.hot-chilli.net/ jabber.hot-chili.net],  and .

An [http://jabber.hot-chilli.net/tag/how-tos/ How-to]

:Read [http://jabber.hot-chilli.net/2010/05/09/twitter-transport-working/ more]

 Instagram 

no support at the moment best to use a web browser based client

 ICQ

The new version (beta) of StriCQ uses a newer ICQ protocol. Most of the ICQ Jabber Transports still use an older ICQ protocol. You can only talk one-way to StriCQ using the older Transports. Only the newer ICQv7 Transport lets you talk both ways to StriCQ. Look at the server lists in the first section to check.

Register on a Jabber server, e.g. this one works: http://www.jabber.de/
Then login into Jabberwocky with the following login data e.g. xxx@jabber.de / Password: xxx Now add your ICQ account under the window-&gt;Agents-&gt;&quot;Register&quot;. Now Jabberwocky connects via the Jabber.de server with your ICQ account.

 Yahoo Messenger

although yahoo! does not use xmpp protocol, you should be able to use the transport methods to gain access and post your replies

 MSN

early months of 2013 Microsoft will ditch MSN Messenger client and force everyone to use Skype...but MSN protocol and servers will keep working as usual for quite a long time....

Occasionally the Messenger servers have been experiencing problems signing in.  You may need to sign in at www.outlook.com and then try again.  It may also take multiple tries to sign in.  (This also affects you if you’re using Skype.)

You have to check each servers' Agents List to see what transports (MSN protocol, ICQ protocol, etc.) are supported or use the list address' provided in the section above. Then register with each transport (IRC, MSN, ICQ, etc.) to which you need access. After registering you can Connect to start chatting.

msn.jabber.com/registered should appear in the window.

From this [http://tech.dir.groups.yahoo.com/group/amiga-jabberwocky/message/1378 JW group] guide which  helps with this process in a clear, step by step procedure.

1. Sign up on MSN's site for a passport account. This typically involves getting a Hotmail address.

2. Log on to the Jabber server of your choice and do the following:

* Select the &quot;Windows/Agents&quot; menu option in Jabberwocky.
* Select the MSN Agent from the list presented by the server.
* Click the Register button to open a new window asking for:
**Username = passort account email address, typically your hotmail address.
**Nick = Screen name to be shown to anyone you add to your buddy list.
**Password = Password for your passport account/hotmail address.
* Click the Register button at the bottom of the new window.

3. If all goes well, you will see the MSN Gateway added to your buddy list. If not, repeat part 2 on another server. Some servers may show MSN in their list of available agents, but have not updated their software for the latest protocols used by MSN.

4. Once you are registered, you can now add people to your buddy list. Note that you need to include the '''msn.''' ahead of the servername so that it knows what gateway agent to use. Some servers may use a slight variation and require '''msg.gate.''' before the server name, so try both to see what works.

If my friend's msn was amiga@hotmail.co.uk and my jabber server was @jabber.meta.net.nz..
then amiga'''%'''hotmail.com@'''msn.'''jabber.meta.net.nz

or another the trick to import MSN contacts is that you don't type the hotmail URL but the passport URL... e.g. Instead of: goodvibe%hotmail.com@msn.jabber.com  You type: goodvibe%passport.com@msn.jabber.com 
And the thing about importing contacts I'm afraid you'll have to do it by hand, one at the time...

 Google Talk

any XMPP server will work, but you have to add your contacts manually. a google talk user is typically either @gmail.com or @talk.google.com. a true gtalk transport is nice because it brings your contacts to you and (can) also support file transfers to/from google talk users.

implement Jingle a set of extensions to the IETF's Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP)

support ended early 2014 as Google moved to Google+ Hangouts which uses it own proprietary format


===Video Player MPlayer===

Many of the menu features (such as doubling) do not work with the current version of mplayer but using

4:3
 mplayer -vf scale=800:600 file.avi

16:9
 mplayer -vf scale=854:480 file.avi

if you want gui use;
 mplayer -gui 1 &lt;other params&gt; file.avi

&lt;pre &gt;
stack 1000000

; using AspireOS 1.xx 
; copy FROM SYS:Extras/Multimedia/MPlayer/ TO RAM:MPlayer ALL CLONE &gt; Nil:

; using Icaros Desktop 1.x 
; copy FROM SYS:Tools/MPlayer/ TO RAM:MPlayer ALL CLONE &gt; Nil:

; using Icaros Desktop 2.x 
; copy FROM SYS:Utilities/MPlayer/ TO RAM:MPlayer ALL CLONE &gt; Nil:

cd RAM:MPlayer
run MPlayer -gui &gt; Nil:
;run MPlayer -gui -ao ahi_dev -playlist http://www.radio-paralax.de/listen.pls &gt; Nil: 
&lt;/pre &gt;

$ mplayer rtsp://127.0.0.1:554/sample_300kbit.mp4


MPlayer supports multicast streaming, and rtp/rtsp protocols (it might require [http://www.live555.com/openRTSP/ live555 library] to work with some streams). But you might have to build it where it's disabled. Also, multicast won't work with some AmiTCP-likes. MIAMI supported it, though.

AROS supports IPv4 (old but works) and this includes the needed address space for RTP.

If you mean multicast via RTP - mplayer handles it. You can even force UDP over TCP

-rtsp-stream-over-tcp

If the rtsp Real Time Streaming Protocol  server needs authentification:

-user -passwd


MPlayer - Menu - Open Playlist and load already downloaded .pls or .m3u file - auto starts around 4 percent cache

MPlayer - Menu - Open Stream and copy one of the .pls lines below into space allowed, press OK and press play button on main gui interface


Old 8bit 16bit remixes chip tune game music 
 
http://www.radio-paralax.de/listen.pls 

http://scenesat.com/

http://www.shoutcast.com/radio/Amiga

http://www.theoldcomputer.com/retro_radio/RetroRadio_Main.htm

http://www.kohina.com/

http://www.remix64.com/

http://retrogamer.net/forum/

http://retroasylum.podomatic.com/rss2.xml

http://retrogamesquad.com/

http://www.retronauts.com/

http://monsterfeet.com/noquarter/

http://www.retrogamingradio.com/

http://www.radiofeeds.co.uk/mp3.asp


[[#top|...to the top]]

====ZunePaint==== 

simplified typical workflow

* importing and organizing and photo management
* making global and regional local correction(s) - recalculation is necessary after each adjustment as it is not in real-time 
* exporting your images in the best format available with the preservation of metadata


Whilst achieving 80% of a great photo with just a filter, the remaining 20% comes from a manual fine-tuning of specific image attributes.


For photojournalism, documentary, and event coverage, minimal touching is recommended. Stick to Camera Raw for such shots, and limit changes to level adjustment, sharpness, noise reduction, and white balance correction.

For fashion or portrait shoots, a large amount of adjustment is allowed and usually ends up far from the original. Skin smoothing, blemish removal, eye touch-ups, etc. are common.  Might alter the background a bit to emphasize the subject.

Product photography usually requires a lot of sharpening, spot removal, and focus stacking.

For landscape shots, best results are achieved by doing the maximum amount of preparation before/while taking the shot. No amount of processing can match timing, proper lighting, correct gear, optimal settings, etc. Excessive post-processing might give you a dramatic shot but best avoided in the long term.


* White Balance - Left Amiga or F12 and K and under &quot;Misc color effects&quot; tab with a pull down for White Balance - color temperature also known as AKA tint (movies) or tones (painting) - warm temp raise red reduce green blue - cool raise blue lower red green 
* Exposure - exposure compensation, highlight/shadow recovery
* Noise Reduction - during RAW development or using external software
* Lens Corrections - distortion, vignetting, chromatic aberrations
* Detail - capture sharpening and local contrast enhancement
* Contrast - black point, levels (sliders) and curves tools (F12 and K) 
* Framing - straighten () and crop (F12 and F) 
* Refinements - color adjustments and selective enhancements - Left Amiga or F12 and K for RGB and YUV histogram tabs - 
* Resizing - enlarge for a print or downsize for the web or email (F12 and D) 
* Output Sharpening - customized for your subject matter and print/screen size


White Balance - F12 and K

scan your image for a shade which was meant to be white (neutral with each RGB value being equal) like paper or plastic which is in the same light as the subject of the picture. Use the dropper tool to select this color, similar colours will shift and you will have selected the perfect white balance for your part of the image - for the whole picture make sure RAZ or CLR button at the bottom is pressed before applying to the image above.


Exposure correction

F12 and K - YUV Y luminosity - RGB extra red tint - move red curve slightly down and move blue green curves slightly up

Workflows in practice

* Undo - Right AROS key or F12 and Z 
* Redo - Right AROS key or F12 and R

First flatten your image (if necessary) and then do a rotation until the picture looks level. 
* Crop the picture. Click the selection button and drag a box over the area of the picture you want to keep. Press the crop button and the rest of the photo will be gone. 
* Adjust your saturation, exposure, hue levels, etc., (right AROS Key and K for color correction) until you are happy with the photo. Make sure you zoom in all of the way to 100% and look the photo over, zoom back out and move around. Look for obvious problems with the picture. 
* After coloring and exposure do a sharpen (Right AROS key and E for Convolution and select drop down option needed), e.g. set the matrix to 5x5 (roughly equivalent Amount to 60%) and set the Radius to 1.0. Click OK.


And save your picture


Implemented or would like to see for simplification and ease of use

basic filters (presets) like black and white, monochrome, edge detection (sobel), motion/gaussian blur, 
* negative, sepiatone, retro vintage, night vision, colour tint, color gradient, color temperature, glows, fire, lightning, lens flare, emboss, filmic, pixelate mezzotint, antialias, etc.

adjust / cosmetic tools such as crop, 
* reshaping tools, straighten, smear, smooth, perspective, liquify, bloat, pucker, push pixels in any direction, dispersion, transform like warp, blending with soft light, page-curl, whirl, ripple, fisheye, neon,  etc. 
* red eye fixing, blemish remover, skin smoothing, teeth whitener, make eyes look brighter, desaturate,

effects like oil paint, cartoon, pencil sketch, charcoal, noise/matrix like sharpen/unsharpen, (right AROS key with A for Artistic effects) 
* blend two image, gradient blend, masking blend, explode, implode, custom collage, surreal painting, comic book style, needlepoint, stained glass, watercolor, mosaic, stencil/outline, crayon, chalk, etc.

borders such as 
* dropshadow, rounded, blurred, color tint, picture frame, film strip polaroid, bevelled edge, etc.

brushes e.g.
* frost, smoke, etc.

and manual control of

fix lens issues including vignetting (darkening), color fringing and barrel distortion, and chromatic and geometric aberration -  lens and body profiles

perspective correction

levels - directly modify the levels of the tone-values of an image, by using sliders for highlights, midtones and shadows

curves -  Color Adjustment and Brightness/Contrast

color balance

one single color transparent (alpha channel (color information/selections) for masking and/or blending ) for backgrounds, etc.

Threshold indicates how much other colors will be considered mixture of the removed color and non-removed colors

decompose layer into a set of layers with each holding a different type of pattern that is visible within the image

any selection using any selecting tools like lasso tool, marquee tool etc. the selection will temporarily be save to alpha 
If you create your image without transparency then the Alpha channel is not present, but you can add later.

File formats like .psd (Photoshop file has layers, masks etc.  contains edited sensor data. The original sensor data is no longer available) .xcf .raw .hdr

Image Picture Formats
* low dynamic range (JPEG, PNG, TIFF 8-bit), 16-bit (PPM, TIFF), typically as a 16-bit TIFF in either ProPhoto or AdobeRGB colorspace -  TIFF files are also fairly universal – although, if they contain proprietary data, such as Photoshop Adjustment Layers or Smart Filters, making them proprietary.
* linear high dynamic range (HDR) images (PFM, [http://www.openexr.com/ ILM .EXR], jpg, [http://aminet.net/util/dtype cr2] (canon tiff based), hdr, NEF, CRW, ARW, MRW, ORF, RAF (Fuji), PEF, DCR, SRF, ERF, DNG files are RAW converted to an Adobe proprietary format - a container that can embed the raw file as well as the information needed to open it) 
An old version of [http://archives.aros-exec.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/convert dcraw]

There is no single RAW file format. Each camera manufacturer has one or more unique RAW formats. RAW files contain the brightness levels data captured by the camera sensor. This data cannot be modified. A second smaller file, separate XML file, or within a database with instructions for the RAW processor to change exposure, saturation etc. The extra data can be changed but the original sensor data is still there. RAW is technically least compatible.

A raw file is high-bit (usually 12 or 14 bits of information) but a camera-generated TIFF file will be usually converted by the camera (compressed, downsampled) to 8 bits. The raw file has no embedded color balance or color space, but the TIFF has both. These three things (smaller bit depth, embedded color balance, and embedded color space) make it so that the TIFF will lose quality more quickly with image adjustments than the raw file. The camera-generated TIFF image is much more like a camera processed JPEG than a raw file. A strong advantage goes to the raw file. The power of RAW files, such as the ability to set any color temperature non-destructively and will contain more tonal values.

The principle of preserving the maximum amount of information to as late as possible in the process. The final conversion - which will always effectively represent a &quot;downsampling&quot; - should prevent as much loss as possible.

Once you save it as TIFF, you throw away some of that data irretrievably. When saving in the lossy JPEG format, you get tremendous file size savings, but you've irreversibly thrown away a lot of image data. As long as you have the RAW file, original or otherwise, you have access to all of the image data as captured.

Keyboard equivalence with Photoshop(tm) would help 

&lt;pre&gt;
File
PHOTOSHOP	SHORTCUT	GIMP
New	Ctrl+n	New
Open	Ctrl+o	Open
Close	Ctrl+w	Close
Save	Ctrl+s	Save
Save as	Shift+Ctrl+s	Save as
Revert	F12	Revert
Print	Ctrl+p	Print
Exit	Ctrl+q	Quit
 
Edit
PHOTOSHOP	SHORTCUT	GIMP
Undo/Redo (1 level)	Ctrl+z	Undo (Redo is Shift+Ctrl+z)
Cut	Ctrl+x	Cut
Copy	Ctrl+c	Copy
Paste	Ctrl+v	Paste
Paste Into	Shift+Ctrl+v	Paste Into
Fill with FG color	Alt+Backspace	Fill with FG color
Fill with BG color	Control+Backspace	Fill with BG color
 
Image/Colors
PHOTOSHOP	SHORTCUT	GIMP
Levels	Ctrl+l	Levels
Auto Contrast	Shift+Ctrl+Alt+l	Stretch Contrast (same?)
Curves	Ctrl+m	Curves
Color Balance	Ctrl+b	Color Balance
Hue/Saturation	Ctrl+u	Hue-Saturation
Desaturate	Shift+Ctrl+u	Desaturate
Invert	Ctrl+i	Invert
Default Colors	d	Default Colors
Switch Colors	x	Switch Colors
 
Layer
PHOTOSHOP	SHORTCUT	GIMP
New Layer	Shift+Ctrl+n	New Layer
Layer via Copy	Ctrl+j	Duplicate Layer
Bring (layer) to Front	Shift+Ctrl+]	Layer to Top
Send (layer) to Back	Shift+Ctrl+[	Layer to Bottom
Bring (layer) Forward	Ctrl+]	Raise Layer
Send (layer) Backward	Ctrl+[	Lower Layer
Select Top Layer	Shift+Alt+]	Select Top Layer
Select Bottom Layer	Shift+Alt+[	Select Bottom Layer
Select One Layer Forward	Alt+]	Select Previous Layer
Select One Layer Backward	Alt+[	Select Next Layer
Merge Down	Ctrl+e	Merge Down
Merge Visible	Shift+Ctrl+e	Merge Visible
Preserve Transparency	/	Keep Transparency
Cycle Modes Forwards	Shift+=	Next Layer Mode
Cycle Modes Backwards	Shift+-	Previous Layer Mode
 
Select
PHOTOSHOP	SHORTCUT	GIMP
Select All	Ctrl+a	Select All
Deselect	Ctrl+d	Select None
Inverse	Shift+Ctrl+i	Invert
Feather	Ctrl+Alt+d	Feather
 
View
PHOTOSHOP	SHORTCUT	GIMP
Zoom In	Ctrl+=	Zoom In
Zoom Out	Ctrl+-	Zoom Out
Fit on Screen	Ctrl+0	Zoom to Fit Window
Actual Pixels	Ctrl+Alt+0	Zoom 1:1
Show/Hide Extras	Ctrl+h	Toggle Show Selection (close enough?)
Show/Hide Guides	Ctrl+'	Toggle Show Guides
Show/Hide Grid	Ctrl+Alt+'	Toggle Show Grid
Show/Hide Rulers	Ctrl+r	Toggle Show Rulers
Snap	Ctrl+;	Snap to Guides
Scroll View Up	Page Up	Scroll Page Up
Scroll View Down	Page Down	Scroll Page Down
Scroll View Left	Ctrl+Page Up	Scroll Page Left
Scroll View Right	Ctrl+Page Down	Scroll Page Right
 
Window/Dialogs
PHOTOSHOP	SHORTCUT	GIMP
?	F5	Tools Dialog
Color Tab	F6	Colors Dialog
Layers Tab	F7	Layers Dialog
Info Tab	F8	Image Information
 
Tools
PHOTOSHOP         SHORTCUT     GIMP
Move Tool	v	Move Tool
Lasso Tool	l	Free Select Tool
Magic Wand Tool	w	Fuzzy Select Tool
Crop Tool	c	Crop &amp; Resize Tool
Airbrush Tool	j	Airbrush Tool
Paintbrush Tool	b	Paintbrush Tool
Clone Stamp Tool	s	Clone Stamp Tool
Eraser Tool	e	Eraser Tool
Blur Tool	r	Convolve Tool
Dodge Tool	o	DodgeBurn Tool
Type Tool	t	Text Tool
Pen Tool	p	Bezier Select Tool
Eye Dropper Tool	i	Color Picker Tool
Zoom Tool	z	Magnify Tool
Previous Brush	,	Previous Brush
Next Brush	.	Next Brush
First Brush	Shift+&lt;	First Brush
Last Brush	Shift+&gt;	Last Brush
Decrease Brush Size	[	Decrease Brush Size
Increase Brush Size	]	Increase Brush Size
Decrease Brush Hardness	{	Decrease Brush Hardness
Increase Brush Hardness	}	Increase Brush Hardness

Rectangular Marquee Tool	m	Rect Select Tool
Elliptical Marquee Tool	Shift+m	Ellipse Select Tool
Gradient Tool	g	Blend Tool
Paint Bucket Tool	Shift+g	Bucket Fill Tool 

Transform        Alt Cntrl T 


Help
PHOTOSHOP	SHORTCUT	GIMP
Help	F1	Help
Context Help	Shift+F1	Context Help
 
Misc.
PHOTOSHOP	SHORTCUT	GIMP
Last Filter	Ctrl+f	Repeat Last Filter
?	Shift+Ctrl+f	Reshow Last Filter
Preferences	Ctrl+k	Preferences
Liquify	Shift+Ctrl+x	IWarp (close enough?)
Toggle Quick Mask	q	Toggle Quick Mask
&lt;/pre&gt;


Spotlights - triangle of white opaque shape

Cutting out and/or replacing unwanted background or features - select large areas with the selection option like the Magic Wand tool (aka Color Range) or the Lasso (quick and fast) with feather 2 to soften edge or the pen tool which adds points/lines/Bézier curves (better control but slower), hold down the shift button as you click to add extra points/areas of the subject matter to remove. Increase the tolerance to cover more areas. To subtract from your selection hold down alt as you're clicking. 
* Layer masks are a better way of working than Erase they clip (black hides/hidden white visible/reveal). Clone Stamp can be simulated by   and brushes for other areas. 
* Leave the fine details like hair, fur, etc. to later with lasso and the shift key to draw a line all the way around your subject. Gradient Mapping - Inverse - Mask. i.e. Refine your selected image with edge detection and using the radius and edge options / adjuster (increase/decrease contrast) so that you will capture more fine detail from the background allowing easier removal. 
Remove fringe/halo

saving image as png rather than jpg/jpeg to keep transparency background intact.


Implemented [http://colorizer.org/ colour model representations] [http://paulbourke.net/texture_colour/colourspace/ Mathematical approach] - Photo stills are spatially 2d (h and w), but are colorimetrically 3d (r g and b, or H L S, or Y U V etc.) as well. 
* RGB - split cubed mapped color model for photos and computer graphics hardware using the light spectrum (adding and subtracting) 
* YUV - Y-Lightness U-blue/yellow V-red/cyan (similar to YPbPr and YCbCr) used in the PAL, NTSC, and SECAM composite digital TV color [http://crewofone.com/2012/chroma-subsampling-and-transcoding/#comment-7299 video]


Histograms

White balanced (neutral) if the spike happens in the same place in each channel of the RGB graphs. If not, you're not balanced. 
If you have sky you'll see the blue channel further off to the right.

RGB is best one to change colours. These elements RGB is a 3-channel format containing data for Red, Green, and Blue in your photo scale between 0 and 255. The area in a picture that appears to be brighter/whiter contains more red color as compared to the area which is relatively darker. Similarly in the green channel the area that appears to be darker contains less amount of green color as compared to the area that appears to be brighter.  Similarly in the blue channel the area appears to be darker contains less amount of blue color as compared to the area that appears to be brighter. Brightness luminance histogram also matches the green histogram more than any other color - human eye interprets green better e.g. RGB rough ratio 15/55/30%

RGBA (RGB+A, A means alpha channel) .  The alpha channel is used for &quot;alpha compositing&quot;, which can mostly be associated as &quot;opacity&quot;.  AROS deals in RGB with two digits for every color (red, green, blue), in ARGB you have two additional hex digits for the alpha channel.

The shadows are represented by the left third of the graph.  The highlights are represented by the right third.  And the midtones are, of course, in the middle.  The higher the black peaks in the graph, the more pixels are concentrated in that tonal range (total black area). 
By moving the black endpoint, which identifies the shadows (darkness) and a white light endpoint (brightness) up and down either sides of the graph, colors are adjusted based on these points. 
By dragging the central one, can increased the midtones and control the contrast, raise shadows levels, clip or softly eliminate unsafe levels, alter gamma, etc... in a way that is much more precise and creative .


RGB Curves

* Move left endpoint (black point) up or right endpoint (white point) up brightens 
* Move left endpoint down or right endpoint down darkens

Color Curves

* Dragging up on the Red Curve increases the intensity of the reds in the image but 
* Dragging down on the Red Curve decreases the intensity of the reds and thus increases the apparent intensity of its complimentary color, cyan. Green’s complimentary color is magenta, and blue’s is yellow.
&lt;pre&gt;
 Red &lt;-&gt; Cyan
 Green &lt;-&gt;Magenta
 Blue &lt;-&gt;Yellow 
&lt;/pre&gt;

YUV Best option to analyse and pull out statistical elements of any picture (i.e.  separate luminance data from color data). The line in Y luma tone box represents the brightness of the image with the point in the bottom left been black, and the point in the top right as white.  A low-contrast image has a concentrated clump of values nearer to the center of the graph. By comparison, a high-contrast image has a wider distribution of values across the entire width of the Histogram.   A histogram that is skewed to the right would indicate a picture that is a bit overexposed because most of the color data is on the lighter side (increase exposure with higher value F), while a histogram with the curve on the left shows a picture that is underexposed. This is good information to have when using post-processing software because it shows you not only where the color data exists for a given picture, but also where any data has been clipped (extremes on edges of either side): that is, it does not exist and, therefore, cannot be edited.  By dragging the endpoints of the line and as well as the central one, can increased the dark/shadows, midtones and light/bright parts and control the contrast, raise shadows levels, clip or softly eliminate unsafe levels, alter gamma, etc... in a way that is much more precise and creative .

The U and V chroma parts show color difference components of the image. It’s useful for checking whether or not the overall chroma is too high, and also whether it’s being limited too much
Can be used to create a negative image but also 
With U (Cb), the higher value you are, the more you're on the blue primary color. If you go to the low values then you're on blue complementary color, i.e. yellow.
With V (Cr), this is the same principle but with Red and Cyan.
e.g. If you push U full blue and V full red, you get magenta. If you push U full yellow and V full Cyan then you get green.

YUV simultaneously adds to one side of the color equation while subtracting from the other.  
using YUV to do color correction can be very problematic because each curve alters the result of each other: the mutual influence between U and V often makes things tricky. You may also be careful in what you do to avoid the raise of noise (which happens very easily). Best results are obtained with little adjustments

sunset that looks uninspiring and needs some color pop especially for the rays over the hill, a subtle contrast raise while setting luma values back to the legal range without hard clipping.


====Lunapaint====

Pixel based drawing app with onion-skin animation function

 Blocking, Shading, Coloring, adding detail 

&lt;pre&gt;
b BRUSH
e ERASER

alt eyedropper 
v layer tool 

z ZOOM / MAGNIFY &lt; &gt; n 
spc panning 
m  marque 
q lasso 
w same color selection / region 
&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;
, LM RM
v 
V
f  filter 
F 
.  size 

p 
,  pick color 
[] last / next color 
&lt;/pre&gt;


There is not much missing in Lunapaint to be as good as FlipBook and then you have to take into account that Flipbook is considered to be amongst the best and easiest to use animation software out there. Ok to be honest Flipbook has some nice features that require more heavy work but those aren't so much needed right away, things like camera effects, sound, smart fill, export to different movie file formats etc.

Tried Flipbook with my tablet and compared it to Luna. The feeling is the same when sketching. LunaPaint is very responsive/fluent to draw with. Just as Flipbook is, and that responsiveness is something its users have mentioned as one of the positive sides of said software.

 author was learning MUI. Some parts just have to be rewritten with proper MUI classes before new features can be added.

* add [Frame Add] / [Frame Del]
* whole animation feature is impossible to use. If you draw 2 color maybe but if you start coloring your cells then you get in trouble
* pickup the entire image as a brush, not just a selection ? And consequently remove the brush from memory when one doesn't need it anymore. can pick up a brush and put it onto a new image but cropping isn't possible, nor to load/save brushes.
* Undo is something I longed for ages in Lunapaint.
* to import into the current layer, other types of images (e.g. JPEG) besides RAW64.
* implement graphic tablet features support


**GENERAL DRAWING**

Miss it very much:
UNDO
ERASER
COLORPICKER - has to show on palette too which color got picked.
BACKGROUND COLOR -Possibility to select from &quot;New project screen&quot;

Miss it somewhat:
ICON for UNDO
ICON for ERASER
ICON for CLEAR SCREEN ( What can I say? I start over from scratch very often )
BRUSH - possibility to cut out as brush not just copy off image to brush

**ANIMATING**

Miss it very much:
NUMBER OF CELLS - Possibity to change total no. of cells during project
ANIM BRUSH - Possibility to pick up a selected part of cells into an animbrush

Miss it somewhat:
ADD/REMOVE FRAMES: Add/remove single frame

In general LunaPaint is really well done and it feels like a new DeluxePaint version. It works with my tablet. Sure there's much missing of course but things can always be added over time. So there is great potential in LunaPaint that's for sure. Animations could be made in it and maybe put together in QuickVideo, saving in .gif or .mng etc some day.


LAYERS
-Layers names don't get saved globally in animation frames
-Layers order don't change globally in an animation (perhaps as default?).

EXPORTING IMAGES
-Exporting frames to JPG/PNG gives problems with colors. (wrong colors. See my animatiopn --&gt; My robot was blue now it's &quot;gold&quot; ) I think this only happens if you have layers.
-Trying to flatten the layers before export doesn't work if you have animation frames only the one you have visible will flatten properly all other frames are destroyed. (Only one of the layers are visible on them)
-Exporting images filenames should be for example e.g. file0001, file0002...file0010 instead as of now file1, file2...file10

LOAD/SAVE (Preferences)
-Make a setting for the default &quot;Work&quot; folder.

* Destroyed colors if exported image/frame has layers 
* mystic color cycling of the selected color while stepping frames back/forth (annoying)

&lt;pre&gt;
Deluxe Paint II enhanced key shortcuts 
    NOTE: @ denotes the ALT key

    [Technique]

    F1  - Paint
    F2  - Single Colour
    F3  - Replace
    F4  - Smear
    F5  - Shade
    F6  - Cycle
    F7  - Smooth
     M  - Colour Cycle

    [Brush]

     B  - Restore
     O  - Outline
     h  - Halve brush size
     H  - Double brush size
     x  - Flip brush on X axis
     X  - Double brush size on X axis only
     y  - Flip on Y 
     Y  - Double on Y
     z  - Rotate brush 90 degrees
     Z  - Stretch

    [Stencil]

     `  - Stencil On

    [Miscellaneous]

    F9  - Info Bar
    F10 - Selection Bar
    @o  - Co-Ordinates
    @a  - Anti-alias
    @r  - Colourise
    @t  - Translucent
    TAB - Colour Cycle

    [Picture]

     L  - Load
     S  - Save
     j  - Page to Spare(Flip)
     J  - Page to Spare(Copy)
     V  - View Page
     Q  - Quit

    [General Keys]

     m  - Magnify
     &lt;  - Zoom In
     &gt;  - Zoom Out
     [  - Palette Colour Up
     ]  - Palette Colour Down
     (  - Palette Colour Left
     )  - Palette Colour Right
     ,  - Eye Dropper
     .  - Pixel / Brush Toggle
     /  - Symmetry
     |  - Co-Ordinates
    INS - Perspective Control
    +/- - Brush Size (Fine Control)
     w  - Unfilled Polygon
     W  - Filled Polygon
     e  - Unfilled Ellipse
     E  - Filled Ellipse
     r  - Unfilled Rectangle
     R  - Filled Rectangle
     t  - Type/text tool
     a  - Select Font
    u/U - Undo
     d  - Brush
     D  - Filled Non-Uniform Polygon
    f/F - Fill Options
    g/G - Grid
    h/H - Brush Size (Coarse Control)
     K  - Clear
     c  - Unfilled Circle
     C  - Filled Circle
     v  - Line
     b  - Scissor Select and Toggle
     B  - Brush
    {,} - Toggle between two background colours
&lt;/pre&gt;

====Lodepaint====

Pixel based painting artwork app

====Grafx2====

Pixel based painting artwork app aesprite like 

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=59Y6OTzNrhk aesprite workflow keys and tablet use], [], 


====Vector Graphics VectorCrafθ====


Undo 	Ctrl + Z 
Redo 	Shift + Ctrl + Z 
Cut 	Ctrl + X 
Copy 	Ctrl + C 
Paste 	Ctrl + V 
Paste in front 	Ctrl + F 
Paste at back 	Ctrl + B 
Paste in place 	Shift + Ctrl + V 
Paste on all artboards 	Alt + Shift + Ctrl + V 
Check spelling 	Ctrl + I 
Open Color Settings 	Shift + Ctrl + K 
Open Keyboard Shortcuts 	Alt + Shift + Ctrl + K 
Open Preferences 	Ctrl + K


Tool 	Shortcut
Selection 	V
Direct Selection 	A
Pen 	P
Type 	T
Rectangle 	M
Ellipse 	L
Paintbrush 	B
Gradient 	G
Eyedropper 	I
Zoom 	Z


v - gets you to regular mouse

a - direct select tool

p - pen tool

(negative symbol) - subtract anchor point tool

(positive symbol) - add anchor point tool

Shift+c - anchor point altering tool

i - eye dropper tool 


Space bar - grab hand for moving around the document

Cntrl + space bar - zoom in Cmd + opt + space bar - zoom out

Cntrl + 0 (zero) - view whole artboard

Cntrl + Y - toggle between artwork and preview mode

Cntrl + U - smart guides on/off

ctrl/alt/shift P - Offset Path


Shortcut 	Explanation
ctrl + ] 	moves the selected object one closer to the top
ctrl + shift + ] 	moves the selected object straight to top
ctrl + [ 	moves the selected object one closer to the bottom
ctrl + shift + [ 	moves the selected object straight to bottom 


====Vector Graphics ZuneFIG====

Vector Image Editing of files .svg .ps .eps


*Objects - raise lower rotate flip aligning snapping 
*Path - unify subtract intersect exclude divide 
*Colour - fill stroke 
*Stroke - size 
*Brushes - 
*Layers - 
*Effects - gaussian bevels glows shadows 
*Text    - 
*Transform - 


 AmiFIG ([http://epb.lbl.gov/xfig/frm_introduction.html xfig manual]) 

[[File:MyScreen.png|thumb|left|alt=Showing all Windows open in AmiFIG.|All windows available to AmiFIG.]]

for drawing simple to intermediate vector graphic images for scientific and technical uses and for illustration purposes for those with talent

;Menu options
* Load - fig format but import(s) SVG
* Save - fig format but export(s) eps, ps, pdf, svg and png
* PAN = Ctrl + Arrow keys 
* Deselect all points

There is no selected object until you apply the tool, and the selected object is not highlighted.

;Metrics - to set up page and styles - first window to open on new drawings

;Tools - Drawing Primitives - set Attributes window first before clicking any Tools button(s) 
* Shapes - circles, ellipses, arcs, splines, boxes,  polygon 
* Lines - polylines
* Text &quot;T&quot; button 
* Photos - bitmaps
* Compound - Glue, Break, Scale 
* POINTs - Move, Add, Remove 
* Objects - Move, Copy, Delete, Mirror, Rotate, Paste 
use right mouse button to stop extra lines, shapes being formed and the left mouse to select/deselect tools button(s)
* Rotate - moves in 90 degree turns centered on clicked POINT of a polygon or square

;Attributes which provide change(s) to the above primitives 
* Color
* Line Width
* Line Style
* arrowheads

;Modes 
Choose from freehand, charts, figures, magnet, etc.

;Library - allows .fig clip-art to be stored 
* compound tools to add .fig(s) together

;FIG 3.2 [http://epb.lbl.gov/xfig/fig-format.html Format] as produced by xfig version 3.2.5 
&lt;pre&gt;
Landscape
Center
Inches
Letter 
100.00
Single
-2
1200 2
4 0 0 50 -1 0 12 0.0000 4 135 1050 1050 2475 This is a test.01
&lt;/pre&gt;

# change the text alignment within the textbox. I can choose left, center, or right aligned by either changing the integer in the second column from 0 (left) to 1 or 2 (center, or right). 
# The third integer in the row specifies fontcolor. For instance, 0 is black, but blue is 1 and Green3 is 13.
# The sixth integer in the bottom row specifies fontface. 0 is Times-Roman, but 16 is Helvetica (a MATLAB default).
# The seventh number is fontsize. 12 represents a 12pt fontsize. Changing the fontsize of an item really is as easy as changing that number to 20.
# The next number is the counter-clockwise angle of the text. Notice that I have changed the angle to .7854 (pi/4 rounded to four digits=45 degrees).
# twelfth number is the position according to the standard “x-axis” in Xfig units from the left. Note that 1200 Xfig units is equivalent to once inch.
# thirteenth number is the “y-position” from the top using the same unit convention as before.

* The nested text string is what you entered into the textbox.
* The “01″ present at the end of that line in the .fig file is the closing tag. For instance, a change to \100 appends a @ symbol at the end of the period of that sentence.

; Just to note there are no layers, no 3d functions, no shading, no transparency, no animation


[[#top|...to the top]]

===Audio===


# AHI uses linear panning/balance, which means that in the center, you will get -6dB. If an app uses panning, this is what you will get. Note that apps like Audio Evolution need panning, so they will have this problem.

# When using AHI Hifi modes, mixing is done in 32-bit and sent as 32-bit data to the driver. The Envy24HT driver uses that to output at 24-bit (always).

# For the Envy24/Envy24HT, I've made 16-bit and 24-bit inputs (called Line-in 16-bit, Line-in 24-bit etc.). There is unfortunately no app that can handle 24-bit recording.


====Music Mods====

Digital module (mods) trackers are music creation software using samples and sometimes soundfonts, audio plugins (VST, AU or RTAS), MIDI.

Generally, MODs are similar to MIDI in that they contain note on/off and other sequence messages that control the mod player. Unlike (most) midi files, however, they also contain sound samples that the sequence information actually plays. MOD files can have many channels (classic amiga mods have 4, corresponding to the inbuilt sound channels), but unlike MIDI, each channel can typically play only one note at once. However, since that note might be a sample of a chord, a drumloop or other complex sound, this is not as limiting as it sounds.

Like MIDI, notes will play indefinitely if they're not instructed to end. Most trackers record this information automatically if you play your music in live. If you're using manual note entry, you can enter a note-off command with a keyboard shortcut - usually Caps Lock.

In fact when considering file size MOD is not always the best option. Even a dummy song wastes few kilobytes for nothing when a simple SID tune could be few hundreds bytes and not bigger than 64kB. AHX is another small format, AHX tunes are never larger than 64kB excluding comments.

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rXXsZfwgil Protrekkr] (previously aka [w:Juan_Antonio_Arguelles_Rius|NoiseTrekkr])

If Protrekkr does not start, please check if the Unit 0 has been setup in the AHI prefs and still not, go to the directory utilities/protrekkr and double click on the Protrekkr icon

*Sample
*Note - Effect 
*Track (column) - Pattern - Order

It all starts with the Sample which is used to create Note(s) in a Track (column of a tracker) 
The Note can be changed with an Effect.  A Track of Note(s) can be collected into a Pattern (section of a song) and these can be given Order to create the whole song.

Patience (notes have to be entered one at a time) or playing the bassline on a midi controller (faster - see midi section above).  Best approach is to wait until a melody popped into your head.

*Up-tempo means the track should be reasonably fast, but not super-fast. 
*Groovy and funky imply the track should have some sort of &quot;swing&quot; feel, with plenty of syncopation or off beat emphasis and a recognizable, melodic bass line. 
*Sweet and happy mean upbeat melodies, a major key and avoiding harsh sounds.
*Moody - minor key

First, create a quick bass sound, which is basically a sine wave, but can be hand drawn for a little more variance. It could also work for the melody part, too.

This is usually a bass guitar or some kind of synthesizer bass. The bass line is often forgotten by inexperienced composers, but it plays an important role in a musical piece. Together with the rhythm section the bass line forms the groove of a song. It's the glue between the rhythm section and the melodic layer of a song.

The drums are just pink noise samples, played at different frequencies to get a slightly different sound for the kick, snare, and hihats.

Instruments that fall into the rhythm category are bass drums, snares, hi-hats, toms, cymbals, congas, tambourines, shakers, etc. Any percussive instrument can be used to form part of the rhythm section.

The lead is the instrument that plays the main melody, on top of the chords. There are many instruments that can play a lead section, like a guitar, a piano, a saxophone or a flute. The list is almost endless. There is a lot of overlap with instruments that play chords. Often in one piece an instrument serves both roles. The lead melody is often played at a higher pitch than the chords.

Listened back to what was produced so far, and a counter-melody can be imagined, which can be added with a triangle wave.

To give the ends of phrases some life, you can add a solo part with a crunchy synth. By hitting random notes in the key of G, then edited a few of them.

For the climax of the song, filled out the texture with a gentle high-pitch pad… …and a grungy bass synth.


The arrow at A points at the pattern order list. As you see, the patterns don't have to be in numerical order. This song starts with pattern &quot;00&quot;, then pattern &quot;02&quot;, then &quot;03&quot;, then &quot;01&quot;, etcetera. Patterns may be repeated throughout a song.

The B arrow points at the song title. Below it are the global BPM and speed parameters. These determine the tempo of the song, unless the tempo is altered through effect commands during the song.

The C arrow points at the list of instruments. An instrument may consist of multiple samples. Which sample will be played depends on the note. This can be set in the Instrument Editing screen. Most instruments will consist of just one sample, though. The sample list for the selected instrument can be found under arrow D.

Here's a part of the main editing screen. This is where you put in actual notes. Up to 32 channels can be used, meaning 32 sounds can play simultaneously. The first six channels of pattern &quot;03&quot; at order &quot;02&quot; are shown here. The arrow at A points at the row number. The B arrow points at the note to play, in this case a C4. The column pointed at by the C arrow tells us which instrument is associated with that note, in this case instrument #1 &quot;Kick&quot;.

The column at D is used (mainly) for volume commands. In this case it is left empty which means the instrument should play at its default volume. You can see the volume column being used in channel #6.

The E column tells us which effect to use and any parameters for that effect. In this case it holds the &quot;F&quot; effect, which is a tempo command. The &quot;04&quot; means it should play at tempo 4 (a smaller number means faster).

Base pattern

When I create a new track I start with what I call the base pattern. It is worthwhile to spend some time polishing it as a lot of the ideas in the base pattern will be copied and used in other patterns. At least, that's how I work. Every musician will have his own way of working. In &quot;Wild Bunnies&quot; the base pattern is pattern &quot;03&quot; at order &quot;02&quot;.

In the section about selecting samples I talked about the four different categories of instruments: drums, bass, chords and leads. That's also how I usually go about making the base pattern. I start by making a drum pattern, then add a bass line, place some chords and top it off with a lead. This forms the base pattern from which the rest of the song will grow.


Drums

Here's a screenshot of the first four rows of the base pattern. I usually reserve the first four channels or so for the drum instruments. Right away there are a couple of tricks shown here. In the first channel the kick, or bass drum, plays some notes. Note the alternating F04 and F02 commands. The &quot;F&quot; command alters the tempo of the song and by quickly alternating the tempo; the song will get some kind of &quot;swing&quot; feel.

In the second channel the closed hi-hat plays a fairly simple pattern. Further down in the channel, not shown here, some open hi-hat notes are added for a bit of variation.

In the third and fourth channel the snare sample plays. The &quot;8&quot; command is for panning. One note is panned hard to the left and the other hard to the right. One sample is played a semitone lower than the other. This results in a cool flanging effect. It makes the snare stand out a little more in the mix.


Bass line

There are two different instruments used for the bass line. Instrument #6 is a pretty standard synthesized bass sound. Instrument #A sounds a bit like a slap bass when used with a quick fade out. By using two different instruments the bass line sounds a bit more ”human”. The volume command is used to cut off the notes. However, it is never set to zero. Setting the volume to a very small value will result in a reverb-like effect. This makes the song sound more &quot;live&quot;.

The bass line hints at the chords that will be played and the key the song will be in. In this case the key of the song is D-major, a positive and happy key.


Chords

The D major chords that are being played here are chords stabs; short sounds with a quick decay (fade out). Two different instruments (#8 and #9) are used to form the chords. These instruments are quite similar, but have a slightly different sound, panning and volume decay. Again, the reason for this is to make the sound more human. The volume command is used on some chords to simulate a delay, to achieve more of a live feel. The chords are placed off-beat making for a funky rhythm.


Lead

Finally the lead melody is added. The other instruments are invaluable in holding the track together, but the lead melody is usually what catches people's attention.

A lot of notes and commands are used here, but it looks more complex than it is. A stepwise ascending melody plays in channel 13. Channel 14 and 15 copy this melody, but play it a few rows later at a lower volume. This creates an echo effect. A bit of panning is used on the notes to create some stereo depth. Like with the bass line, instead of cutting off notes the volume is set to low values for a reverb effect. The &quot;461&quot; effect adds a little vibrato to the note, which sounds nice on sustained notes.

Those paying close attention may notice the instrument used here for the lead melody is the same as the one used for the bass line (#6 &quot;Square&quot;), except played two or three octaves higher. This instrument is a looped square wave sample. Each type of wave has its own quirks, but the square wave (shown below) is a really versatile wave form.

Song structure

Good, catchy songs are often carefully structured into sections, some of which are repeated throughout the song with small variations.

A typical pop-song structure is: Intro - Verse - Chorus - Verse - Chorus - Bridge - Chorus.

Other single sectional song structures are

&lt;pre&gt;
Strophic or AAA Song Form - oldest story telling with refrain (often title of the song) repeated in every verse section melody 
AABA Song Form - early popular, jazz and gospel fading during the 1960s 
AB or Verse/Chorus Song Form - songwriting format of choice for modern popular music since the 1960s 
Verse/Chorus/Bridge Song Form
ABAB Song Form
ABAC Song Form
ABCD Song Form
AAB 12-Bar Song Form - three four-bar lines or sub-sections 
8-Bar Song Form
16-Bar Song Form
Hybrid / Compound Song Forms
&lt;/pre&gt;

The most common building blocks are:

#INTRODUCTION(INTRO)
#VERSE
#REFRAIN
#PRE-CHORUS / RISE / CLIMB
#CHORUS
#BRIDGE
#MIDDLE EIGHT
#SOLO / INSTRUMENTAL BREAK
#COLLISION
#CODA / OUTRO
#AD LIB (OFTEN IN CODA / OUTRO)

The chorus usually has more energy than the verse and often has a memorable melody line. As the chorus is repeated the most often during the song, it will be the part that people will remember.

The bridge often marks a change of direction in the song. It is not uncommon to change keys in the bridge, or at least to use a different chord sequence. The bridge is used to build up tension towards the big finale, the last repetition of chorus.


 Playing

RCTRL:                           Play song from row 0.

LSHIFT + RCTRL:                  Play song from current row.

RALT:                            Play pattern from row 0.

LSHIFT + RALT:                   Play pattern from current row.

Left mouse on '&gt;':               Play song from row 0.

Right mouse on '&gt;':              Play song from current row.

Left mouse on '|&gt;':              Play pattern from row 0.

Right mouse on '|&gt;':             Play pattern from current row.

Left mouse on 'Edit/Record':     Edit mode on/off.

Right mouse on 'Edit/Record':    Record mode on/off.


 Editing 


LSHIFT + ESCAPE:                 Switch large patterns view on/off

TAB:                    Go to next track

LSHIFT + TAB:                    Go to prev. track

LCTRL + TAB:                    Go to next note in track

LCTRL + LSHIFT + TAB:           Go to prev. note in track

SPACE:                           Toggle Edit mode On &amp; Off

(Also stop if the song is being played)

SHIFT SPACE:                     Toggle Record mode On &amp; Off

(Wait for a key note to be pressed

or a midi in message to be received)

DOWN ARROW:                      1 Line down

UP ARROW:                        1 Line up

LEFT ARROW:                      1 Row left

RIGHT ARROW:                     1 Row right

PREV. PAGE:                      16 Arrows Up

NEXT PAGE:                       16 Arrows Down

HOME / END:                      Top left / Bottom right of pattern

LCTRL + HOME / END:              First / last track

F5, F6, F7, F8, F9:              Jump to 0, 1/4, 2/4, 3/4, 4/4 lines of the patterns

+ - (Numeric keypad):           Next / Previous pattern

LCTRL + LEFT / RIGHT:           Next / Previous pattern

LCTRL + LALT + LEFT / RIGHT:    Next / Previous position

LALT + LEFT / RIGHT:           Next / Previous instrument

LSHIFT + M:                      Toggle mute state of the current channel

LCTRL + LSHIFT + M:             Solo the current track / Unmute all

LSHIFT + F1 to F11:              Select a tab/panel

LCTRL + 1 to 4:                 Select a copy buffer


 Tracking 

1st and 2nd keys rows:           Upper octave row

3rd and 4th keys rows:           Lower octave row

RSHIFT:                          Insert a note off

/ and * (Numeric keypad)

or F1 F2:                        -1 or +1 octave

INSERT / BACKSPACE:              Insert or Delete a line in current track

or current selected block.

LSHIFT + INSERT / BACKSPACE:     Insert or Delete a line in current pattern

DELETE (NOT BACKSPACE):          Empty a column or a selected block.


 Blocks

(Blocks can also be selected with the mouse by holding the right button and scrolling the pattern with the mouse wheel).


LCTRL + A:          Select entire current track

LCTRL + LSHIFT + A: Select entire current pattern

LALT + A:          Select entire column note in a track

LALT + LSHIFT + A: Select all notes of a track

LCTRL + X:          Cut the selected block and copy it into the block-buffer

LCTRL + C:          Copy the selected block into the block-buffer

LCTRL + V:          Paste the data from the block buffer into the pattern

LCTRL + I:          Interpolate selected data from the first to the last row of a selection

LSHIFT + ARROWS

PREV. PAGE

NEXT PAGE: Select a block

LCTRL + R:          Randomize the select columns of a selection, works similar to CTRL + I (interpolating them)

LCTRL + U:          Transpose the note of a selection to 1 seminote higher

LCTRL + D:          Transpose the note of a selection to 1 seminote lower

LCTRL + LSHIFT + U: Transpose the note of a selection to 1 seminote higher (only for the current instrument)

LCTRL + LSHIFT + D: Transpose the note of a selection to 1 seminote lower  (only for the current instrument)

LCTRL + H:          Transpose the note of a selection to 1 octave higher

LCTRL + L:          Transpose the note of a selection to 1 octave lower

LCTRL + LSHIFT + H: Transpose the note of a selection to 1 octave higher (only for the current instrument)

LCTRL + LSHIFT + L: Transpose the note of a selection to 1 octave lower (only for the current instrument)

LCTRL + W:          Save the current selection into a file


 Misc 


LALT + ENTER:     Switch between full screen / windowed mode

LALT + F4:        Exit program (Windows only)

LCTRL + S:         Save current module

LSHIFT + S:         Switch top right panel to synths list

LSHIFT + I:         Switch top right panel to instruments list


&lt;pre&gt;
C-x   xh xx xx hhhh             Volume 
B-x   xh xx xx hhhh             Jump to 
A#x  xh xx xx hhhh hhhh   Slide 
F-x    xh xx xx hhhh            Tempo 
D-x   xh xx xx hhhh             Pattern Break 
G#x  xh xx xx hhhh
&lt;/pre&gt;

h Hex 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F 10 11 12 13

d Dec 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10  11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

The Set Volume command: C. Input a note, then move the cursor to the effects command column and type a C. Play the pattern, and you shouldn't be able to hear the note you placed the C by. This is because the effect parameters are 00. Change the two zeros to a 40(Hex)/64(Dec), depending on what your tracker uses. Play back the pattern again, and the note should come in at full volume.

The Position Jump command next. This is just a B followed by the position in the playing list that you want to jump to. One thing to remember is that the playing list always starts at 0, not 1. This command is usually in Hex.

Onto the volume slide command: A. This is slightly more complex (much more if you're using a newer tracker, if you want to achieve the results here, then set slides to Amiga, not linear), due to the fact it depends on the secondary tempo. For now set a secondary tempo of 06 (you can play around later), load a long or looped sample and input a note or two. A few rows after a note type in the effect command A. For the parameters use 0F. Play back the pattern, and you should notice that when the effect kicks in, the sample drops to a very low volume very quickly. Change the effect parameters to F0, and use a low volume command on the note. Play back the pattern, and when the slide kicks in the volume of the note should increase very quickly.
This because each part of the effect parameters for command A does a different thing. The first number slides the volume up, and the second slides it down. It's not recommended that you use both a volume up and volume down at the same time, due to the fact the tracker only looks for the first number that isn't set to 0. If you specify parameters of 8F, the tracker will see the 8, ignore the F, and slide the volume up. Using a slide up and down at same time just makes you look stupid. Don't do it...

The Set Tempo command: F, is pretty easy to understand. You simply specify the BPM (in Hex) that you want to change to. One important thing to note is that values of lower than 20 (Hex) sets the secondary tempo rather than the primary.

Another useful command is the Pattern Break: D. This will stop the playing of the current pattern and skip to the next one in the playing list. By using parameters of more than 00 you can also specify which line to begin playing from.

Command 3 is Portamento to Note. This slides the currently playing note to another note, at a specified speed. The slide then stops when it reaches the desired note. 
&lt;pre&gt;
   C-2 1 000 - Starts the note playing
   ---      000
   C-3    330 - Starts the slide to C-3 at a speed of 30.
   ---     300 - Continues the slide
   ---     300 - Continues the slide
&lt;/pre&gt;
Once the parameters have been set, the command can be input again without any parameters, and it'll still perform the same function unless you change the parameters. This memory function allows certain commands to function correctly, such as command 5, which is the Portamento to Note and Volume Slide command. Once command 3 has been set up command 5 will simply take the parameters from that and perform a Portamento to Note. Any parameters set up for command 5 itself simply perform a Volume Slide identical to command A at the same time as the Portamento to Note.

This memory function will only operate in the same channel where the original parameters were set up.
There are various other commands which perform two functions at once. They will be described as we come across them.

C-3  04  ..  ..  09  00 ---&gt; C-3  04  ..  ..  09  00

C-3  04  ..  ..  09  00 ---&gt; C-3  04  ..  ..  09  02

C-3  04  ..  ..  09  00 ---&gt; C-3  04  ..  ..  09  05

C-3  04  ..  ..  09  00 ---&gt; C-3  04  ..  ..  09  08

C-3  04  ..  ..  09  00 ---&gt; C-3  04  ..  ..  09  0A

C-3  04  ..  ..  09  00 ---&gt; C-3  04  ..  ..  09  0D

C-3  04  ..  ..  09  10 ---&gt; C-3  04  ..  ..  09  10

(You can also switch on the Slider Rec to On, and perform parameter-live-recording, such as cutoff transitions, resonance or panning tweaking, etc..)  Note: this command only works for volume/panning and fx datas columns.


The next command we'll look at is the Portamento up/down: 1 and 2. Command 1 slides the pitch up at a specified speed, and 2 slides it down. This command works in a similar way to the volume slide, in that it is dependent on the secondary tempo. Both these commands have a memory dependent on each other, if you set the slide to a speed of 3 with the 1 command, a 2 command with no parameters will use the speed of 3 from the 1 command, and vice versa.

Command 4 is Vibrato. Vibrato is basically rapid changes in pitch, just try it, and you'll see what I mean. Parameters are in the format of xy, where x is the speed of the slide, and y is the depth of the slide. One important point to remember is to keep your vibratos subtle and natural so a depth of 3 or less and a reasonably fast speed, around 8, is usually used. Setting the depth too high can make the part sound out of tune from the rest.
Following on from command 4 is command 6. This is the Vibrato and Volume Slide command, and it has a memory like command 5, which you already know how to use.

Command 7 is Tremolo. This is similar to vibrato. Rather than changing the pitch it slides the volume. The effect parameters are in exactly the same format.   vibrato effect (0x1dxy) x = speed y = depth (can't be used if arpeggio (0x1b) is turned on) 

&lt;pre&gt;
 C-7 00 .. .. 1B37 &lt;-  Turn Arpeggio effect on
  --- .. .. .. 0000
  --- .. .. .. 0000
  --- .. .. .. 0000
  --- .. .. .. 1B38 &lt;- Change datas
  --- .. .. .. 0000
  --- .. .. .. 0000
  --- .. .. .. 0000
  --- .. .. .. 1B00 &lt;- Turn it off
&lt;/pre&gt;

Command 9 is Sample Offset. This starts the playback of the sample from a different place than the start. The effect parameters specify the sample offset, but only very roughly. Say you have a sample which is 8765(Hex) bytes long, and you wanted it to play from position 4321(Hex). The effect parameter could only be as accurate as the 43 part, and it would ignore the 21.

Command B is the Playing List/Order Jump command. The parameters specify the position in the Playing List/Order to jump to. When used in conjunction with command D you can specify the position and the line to play from.

Command E is pretty complex, as it is used for a lot of different things, depending on what the first parameter is. Let's take a trip through each effect in order.
Command E0 controls the hardware filter on an Amiga, which, as a low pass filter, cuts off the highest frequencies being played back. There are very few players and trackers on other system that simulate this function, not that you should need to use it. The second parameter, if set to 1, turns on the filter. If set to 0, the filter gets turned off.

Commands E1/E2 are Fine Portamento Up/Down. Exactly the same functions as commands 1/2, except that they only slide the pitch by a very small amount. These commands have a memory the same as 1/2 as well.

Command E3 sets the Glissando control. If parameters are set to 1 then when using command 3, any sliding will only use the notes in between the original note and the note being slid to. This produces a somewhat jumpier slide than usual. The best way to understand is to try it out for yourself. Produce a slow slide with command 3, listen to it, and then try using E31.

Command E4 is the Set Vibrato Waveform control. This command controls how the vibrato command slides the pitch. Parameters are 0 - Sine, 1 - Ramp Down (Saw), 2 - Square. By adding 4 to the parameters, the waveform will not be restarted when a new note is played e.g. 5 - Sine without restart.

Command E5 sets the Fine Tune of the instrument being played, but only for the particular note being played. It will override the default Fine Tune for the instrument. The parameters range from 0 to F, with 0 being -8 and F being +8 Fine Tune. A parameter of 8 gives no Fine Tune. If you're using a newer tracker that supports more than -8 to +8 e.g. -128 to +128, these parameters will give a rough Fine Tune, accurate to the nearest 16.

Command E6 is the Jump Loop command. You mark the beginning of the part of a pattern that you want to loop with E60, and then specify with E6x the end of the loop, where x is the number of times you want it to loop.

Command E7 is the Set Tremolo Waveform control. This has exactly the same parameters as command E4, except that it works for Tremolo rather than Vibrato.

Command E9 is for Retriggering the note quickly. The parameter specifies the interval between the retrigs. Use a value of less than the current secondary tempo, or else the note will not get retrigged.

Command EA/B are for Fine Volume Slide Up/Down. Much the same as the normal Volume Slides, except that these are easier to control since they don't depend on the secondary tempo. The parameters specify the amount to slide by e.g. if you have a sample playing at a volume of 08 (Hex) then the effect EA1 will slide this volume to 09 (Hex). A subsequent effect of EB4 would slide this volume down to 05 (Hex).

Command EC is the Note Cut. This sets the volume of the currently playing note to 0 at a specified tick. The parameters should be lower than the secondary tempo or else the effect won't work.

Command ED is the Note Delay. This should be used at the same time as a note is to be played, and the parameters will specify the number of ticks to delay playing the note. Again, keep the parameters lower than the secondary tempo, or the note won't get played!

Command EE is the Pattern Delay. This delays the pattern for the amount of time it would take to play a certain number of rows. The parameters specify how many rows to delay for.

Command EF is the Funk Repeat command. Set the sample loop to 0-1000. When EFx is used, the loop will be moved to 1000- 2000, then to 2000-3000 etc. After 9000-10000 the loop is set back to 0- 1000. The speed of the loop &quot;movement&quot; is defined by x. E is two times as slow as F, D is three times as slow as F etc. EF0 will turn the Funk Repeat off and reset the loop (to 0-1000).

effects 0x41 and 0x42 to control the volumes of the 2 303 units

There is a dedicated panel for synth parameter editing with coherent sections (osc, filter modulation, routing, so on) the interface is much nicer, much better to navigate with customizable colors, the reverb is now customizable (10 delay lines), It accepts newer types of Waves (higher bit rates, at least 24). Has a replay routine.

It's pretty much your basic VA synth. The problem isn't with the sampler being to high it's the synth is tuned two octaves too low, but if you want your samples tuned down just set the base note down 2 octaves (in the instrument panel).

so the synth is basically divided into 3 sections from left to right: oscillators/envelopes, then filter and LFO's, and in the right column you have mod routings and global settings.

for the oscillator section you have two normal oscillators (sine, saw, square, noise), the second of which is tunable, the first one tunes with the key pressed. Attached to OSC 1 is a sub-oscillator, which is a sawtooth wave tuned one octave down. The phase modulation controls the point in the duty cycle at which the oscillator starts. The ADSR envelope sliders (grouped with oscs) are for modulation envelope 1 and 2 respectively. you can use the synth as a sampler by choosing the instrument at the top.

In the filter column, the filter settings are: 1 = lowpass, 2 = highpass, 3 = off. cutoff and resonance. For the LFOs they are LFO 1 and LFO 2, the ADSR sliders in those are for the LFO itself.

For the modulation routings you have ENV 1, LFO 1 for the first slider and ENV 2, LFO 2 for the second, you can cycle through the individual routings there, and you can route each modulation source to multiple destinations of course, which is another big plus for this synth. Finally the glide time is for portamento and master volume, well, the master volume... it can go quite loud.

The sequencer is changed too, It's more like the one in AXS if you've used that, where you can mute tracks to re-use patterns with variation.


&lt;pre&gt;
Support for the following modules formats:
669 (Composer 669, Unis 669), 
AMF (DSMI Advanced Module Format), 
AMF (ASYLUM Music Format V1.0), 
APUN (APlayer), DSM (DSIK internal format), 
FAR (Farandole Composer), 
GDM (General DigiMusic), 
IT (Impulse Tracker), 
IMF (Imago Orpheus), 
MOD (15 and 31 instruments), 
MED (OctaMED), 
MTM (MultiTracker Module editor), 
OKT (Amiga Oktalyzer), 
S3M (Scream Tracker 3), 
STM (Scream Tracker), 
STX (Scream Tracker Music Interface Kit), 
ULT (UltraTracker), 
UNI (MikMod), 
XM (FastTracker 2),
Mid (midi format via timidity)
&lt;/pre&gt;


Possible plugin options include [http://lv2plug.in/ LV2],


====Midi - Musical Instrument Digital Interface====

A midi file typically contains music that plays on up to 16 channels (as per the midi standard), but many notes can simultaneously play on each channel (depending on the limit of the midi hardware playing it).

'''Timidity'''

Although usually already installed, you can uncompress the [http://www.libsdl.org/projects/SDL_mixer/ timidity.tar.gz (14MB)] into a suitable drawer like below's SYS:Extras/Audio/ 
 assign timidity: SYS:Extras/Audio/timidity
added to SYSːs/User-Startup

'''WildMidi playback'''


'''Audio Evolution 4 (2003) 4.0.23 (from 2012)'''


*Sync Menu    - CAMD Receive, Send checked 
*Options Menu - MIDI Machine Control - Midi Bar Display - Select CAMD MIDI in / out - Midi Remote Setup 


MCB Master Control Bus 
*Sending a MIDI start-command and a Song Position Pointer, you can synchronize audio with an external MIDI sequencer (like B&amp;P). 
*B&amp;P Receive, start AE, add AudioEvolution.ptool in Bars&amp;Pipes track, press play / record in AE then press play in Pipes 
*CAMD Receive, receive MIDI start or continue commands via camd.library sync to AE 


*MIDI Machine Control
*Midi Bar Display 
*Select CAMD MIDI in / out
*Midi Remote Setup - open requester for external MIDI controllers to control app mixer and transport controls cc remotely 
 Channel   - mixer(vol, pan, mute, solo), eq, aux, fx, 
 Subgroup  - Volume, Mute, Solo 
 Transport - Start, End, Play, Stop, Record, Rewind, Forward 
 Misc      - Master vol., Bank Down, Bank up 


&lt;pre&gt;
q        - quit 

First 3 already opened when AE started 
F1       - timeline window
F2       - mixer 
F3       - control 
F4       - subgroups 
F5       - aux returns 
F6       - sample list 

i        - Load sample to use 

space    - start/stop play 
b        - reset time 0:00


s        - split mode 
r        - open recording window 
a        - automation edit mode with p panning, m mute and v volume 


[ / ]    - zoom in / out 
:        - previous track
*        - next track 

x c v f  - cut copy paste cross-fade 
g        - snap grid 


&lt;/pre&gt;


 '''[http://bnp.hansfaust.de/ Bars n Pipes sequencer]'''

 BarsnPipes debug ... in shell 

Menu (right mouse)  
*Song        - Songs load and save in .song format but option here to load/save Midi_Files .mid in FORMAT0 or FORMAT1 
*Track       - 
*Edit        -
*Tool        - 
*Timing      - SMTPE Synchronizing 
*Windows     - 
*Preferences - Multiple MIDI-in option 

Windows (some of these are usually already opened when Bars n Pipes starts up for the first time) 
*Workflow -&gt; Tracks, .... Song Construction, Time-line Scoring, Media Madness, Mix Maestro, 
*Control  -&gt; Transport (or mini one), Windows (which collects all the Windows icons together-shortcut), .... Toolbox, Accessories, Metronome, 

Once you have your windows placed on the screen that suits your workflow, Song -&gt; Save as Default will save the positions, colors, icons, etc as you'd like them 

If you need a particular setup of Tracks, Tools, Tempos etc, you save them all as a new song you can load each time 

Right mouse menu -&gt; Preferences -&gt; Environment... -&gt; ScreenMode  - Linkages for Synch (to Slave) usbmidi.out.0 and Send (Master) usbmidi.in.0 - Clock MTC 


'''Tracks'''

#Double-click on B&amp;P's icon. B&amp;P will then open with an empty Song. You can also double-click on a song icon to open a song in B&amp;P.
#Choose a track. The B&amp;P screen will contain a Tracks Window with a number of tracks shown as pipelines (Track 1, Track 2, etc...). To choose a track, simply click on the gray box to show an arrow-icon to highlight it. This icon show whether a track is chosen or not. To the right of the arrow-icon, you can see the icon for the midi-input. If you double-click on this icon you can change the MIDI-in setup.
#Choose Record for the track. To the right of the MIDI-input channel icon you can see a pipe. This leads to another clickable icon with that shows either P, R or M. This stands for Play, Record or Merge. To change the icon, simply click on it. If you choose P, this track can only play the track (you can't record anything). If you choose R, you can record what you play and it overwrites old stuff in the track. If you choose M, you merge new records with old stuff in the track. Choose R now to be able to make a record.
#Chose MIDI-channel. On the most right part of the track you can see an icon with a number in it. This is the MIDI-channel selector. Here you must choose a MIDI-channel that is available on your synthesizer/keyboard. If you choose General MIDI channel 10, most synthesizer will play drum sounds. To the left of this icon is the MIDI-output icon. Double-click on this icon to change the MIDI-output configuration.
#Start recording. The next step is to start recording. You must then find the control buttons (they look like buttons on a CD-player). To be able to make a record. you must click on the R icon. You can simply now press the play button (after you have pressed the R button) and play something on you keyboard. To playback your composition, press the Play button on the control panel.
#Edit track. To edit a track, you simply double click in the middle part of a track. You will then get a new window containing the track, where you can change what you have recorded using tools provided. Take also a look in the drop-down menus for more features.


Videos to help understand [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A6gVTX-9900 small intro], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=abq_rUTiSA4&amp;t=3s Overview], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ixOVutKsYQo Workplace Setup CC PC Sysex], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dDnJLYPaZTs Import Song], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BC3kkzPLkv4 Tempo Mapping], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sd23kqMYPDs ptool Arpeggi-8], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LDJq-YxgwQg  PlayMidi Song], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DY9Pu5P9TaU Amiga Midi], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=abq_rUTiSA4 Learning Amiga bars and Pipes], 

Groups like [https://groups.io/g/barsnpipes/topics this] could help 


'''Tracks window'''

* blue &quot;1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Group&quot; and transport tape deck VCR-type controls
* Flags 
* [http://theproblem.alco-rhythm.com/org/bp.html Track 1, Track2, to Track 16, on each Track there are many options that can be activated] 

Each Track has a 

*Left LHS  - Click in grey box to select what Track to work on, Midi-In ptool icon should be here (5pin plug icon), and many more from the Toolbox on the Input Pipeline 
*Middle    - (P, R, M) Play, Record, Merge/Multi before the sequencer line and a blue/red/yellow (Thru Mute Play) Tap 
*Right RHS - Output pipeline, can have icons placed uopn it with the final ptool icon(s) being the 5pin icon symbol for Midi-OUT 

Clogged pipelines may need Esc pressed several times 


'''Toolbox (tools affect the chosen pipeline)'''

After opening the Toolbox window you can add extra Tools (.ptool) for the pipelines like keyboard(virtual), midimonitor, quick patch, transpose, triad, (un)quantize, feedback in/out, velocity etc
 right mouse -&gt; Toolbox menu option -&gt; Install Tool... and navigate to Tool drawer (folder) and select requried .ptool 

Accompany B tool to get some sort of rythmic accompaniment, Rythm Section and Groove Quantize are examples of other tools that make use of rythms
[https://aminet.net/search?query=bars Bars &amp; Pipes pattern format .ptrn] for drawer (folder). Load from the Menu as Track or Group 


'''Accessories (affect the whole app)''' 

Accessories -&gt; Install... and goto the Accessories drawer for .paccess like adding ARexx scripting support 


'''Song Construction'''
&lt;pre&gt;
F1  Pencil
F2  Magic Wand
F3  Hand 
F4  Duplicator 
F5  Eraser 
F6  Toolpad 
F7  Bounding box 
F8  Lock to A-B-A 

A-B-A strip, section, edit flags, white boxes, 

&lt;/pre&gt;


Bars&amp;Pipes Professional offers three track formats; basic song tracks, linear tracks — which don't loop — and finally real‑time tracks. The difference between them is that both song and linear tracks respond to tempo changes, while real‑time tracks use absolute timing, always trigger at the same instant regardless of tempo alterations 

'''Tempo Map'''

F1  Pencil
F2  Magic Wand
F3  Hand 
F4  Eraser 
F5  Curve 
F6  Toolpad 


Compositions

Lyrics, Key, Rhythm, Time Signature 

'''Master Parameters'''

Key, Scale/Mode

'''Track Parameters'''

Dynamics 


'''Time-line Scoring'''


'''Media Madness'''


'''Mix Maestro'''


*ACCESSORIES         Allows the importation of other packages and additional modules 
*CLIPBOARD           Full cut, copy and paste operations, enabling user‑definable clips to be shared between tracks.
*INFORMATION         A complete rundown on the state of the current production and your machine.
*MASTER PARAMETERS   Enables global definition of time signatures, lyrics, scales, chords, dynamics and rhythm changes.
*MEDIA MADNESS       A complete multimedia sequencer which allows samples, stills, animation, etc 
*METRONOME           Tempo feedback via MIDI, internal Amiga audio and colour cycling — all three can be mixed and matched as required.
*MIX MAESTRO         Completely automated mixdown with control for both volume and pan. All fader alterations are memorised by the software 
*RECORD ACTIVATION   Complete specification of the data to be recorded/merged. Allows overdubbing of pitch‑bend, program changes, modulation etc
*SET FLAGS           Numeric positioning of location and edit flags in either SMPTE or musical time 
*SONG CONSTRUCTION   Large‑scale cut and paste of individual measures, verses or chorus, by means of bounding box and drag‑n‑drop mouse selections
*TEMPO MAP           Tempo change using a variety of linear and non‑linear transition curves 
*TEMPO PALETTE       Instant tempo changes courtesy of four user‑definable settings.
*TIMELINE SCORING    Sequencing of a selection of songs over a defined period — ideal for planning an entire set for a live performance.
*TOOLBOX             Selection screen for the hundreds of signal‑processing tools available 
*TRACKS              Opens the main track window to enable recording, editing and the use of tools.
*TRANSPORT           Main playback control window, which also provides access to user‑ defined flags, loop and punch‑in record modes.


Bars and Pipes Pro 2.5 is using internal 4-Byte IDs, to check which kind of data are currently processed.
Especially in all its files the IDs play an important role. The IDs are stored into the file in the same order they are laid out in the memory.

In a Bars 'N' Pipes file (no matter which kind) the ID &quot;NAME&quot; (saved as its ANSI-values) is stored on a big endian system (68k-computer) as &quot;NAME&quot;. On a little endian system (x86 PC computer) as &quot;EMAN&quot;.  The target is to make the AROS-BnP compatible to songs, which were stored on a 68k computer (AMIGA).

If possible, setting MIDI channels for Local Control for your keyboard 

http://www.fromwithin.com/liquidmidi/archive.shtml


MIDI files are essentially a stream of event data. An event can be many things, but typically &quot;note on&quot;, &quot;note off&quot;, &quot;program change&quot;, &quot;controller change&quot;, or messages that instruct a MIDI compatible synth how to play a given bit of music.

* Channel     - 1 to 16 -
* Messages    - PC presets, CC effects like delays, reverbs,  etc 
* Sequencing  - MIDI instruments, Drums, Sound design, 
* Recording   - 
* GUI         - Piano roll or Tracker, Staves and Notes 

MIDI events/messages like step entry e.g. Note On, Note Off 

MIDI events/messages like PB, PC, CC, Mono and Poly After-Touch, Sysex, etc 

MIDI sync - Midi Clocks (SPS Measures), Midi Time Code (h, m, s and frames) SMPTE 

Individual track editing with audition edits so easier to test any changes. Possible to stop track playback, mix clips from the right edit flag and scroll the display using arrow keys. 

Step entry, to extend a selected note hit the space bar and the note grows accordingly. Ability to cancel mouse‑driven edits by simply clicking the right mouse button — at which point everything snaps back into its original form. Lyrics can now be put in with syllable dividers, even across an entire measure or section. Autoranging when you open a edit window, the notes are automatically displayed — working from the lowest upwards. 

Flag editing, shift‑click on a flag immediately open the bounds window, ready for numeric input. Ability to cancel edits using the right‑hand mouse button, plus much improved Bounding Box operations.

Icons other than the BarsnPipes icon -&gt; PUBSCREEN=BarsnPipes (cannot choose modes higher than 8bit 256 colors)

Preferences -&gt; Menu in Tracks window - Send MIDI defaults OFF 

Prefs -&gt; Environment -&gt; screenmode (saved to BarsnPipes.prefs binary file) 

Customization -&gt; pics in gui drawer (folder) - 


Can save as .song files and .mid General Midi 

SMF is a “Standard Midi File”  ([http://www.music.mcgill.ca/~ich/classes/mumt306/StandardMIDIfileformat.html SMF0, SMF1 and SMF2]), [https://github.com/stump/libsmf libsmf], [https://github.com/markc/midicomp MIDIcomp], [https://github.com/MajicDesigns/MD_MIDIFile C++ src], [], [https://github.com/newdigate/midi-smf-reader Midi player], 

* SMF0        All MIDI data is stored in one track only, separated exclusively by the MIDI channel.
* SMF1        The MIDI data is stored in separate tracks/channels.
* SMF2 (rarely used) The MIDI data is stored in separate tracks, which are additionally wrapped in containers, so it's possible to have e.g. several tracks using the same MIDI channels.


Would it be possible to enrich Bars N’Pipes with software synth and sample support along with audio recording and mastering tools like in the named MAC or PC music sequencers?
On the classic AMIGA-OS this is not possible because of missing CPU-power. The hardware of the classic AMIGA is not further developed. So we must say (unfortunately) that those dreams can’t become reality

BarsnPipes is best used with external MIDI-equipment. This can be a keyboard or synthesizer with MIDI-connectors. 

&lt;pre&gt;
MIDI can control 16 channels 
There are USB-MIDI-Interfaces on the market with 16 independent MIDI-lines (multi-port), which can handle 16 MIDI devices independently – 16×16 = 256 independent MIDI-channels or instruments 
handle up to 16 different USB-MIDI-Interfaces (multi-device). That is: 16X16X16 = 4096 independent MIDI-channels – theoretically 
&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;
Librarian MIDI SYStem EXplorer (sysex) - PatchEditor and used to be supplied as a separate program like PatchMeister but currently not at present 
It should support MIDI.library (PD), BlueRibbon.library (B&amp;P), TriplePlayPlus, and CAMD.library (DeluxeMusic) and 
MIDI information from a device's user manual and configure a custom interface to access parameters for all MIDI products connected to the system 
Supports ALL MIDI events and the Patch/Librarian data is stored in MIDI standard format 
Annette M.Crowling, Missing Link Software, Inc.
&lt;/pre&gt;


Composers
&lt;pre&gt;
[https://x.com/hirasawa/status/1403686519899054086 Susumu Hirasawa] 

&lt;/pre&gt;


&lt;pre&gt;
1988 Todor Fay and his wife Melissa Jordan Gray, who founded the Blue Ribbon Inc
1992 Bars&amp;Pipes Pro published 
November 2000, Todor Fay announcement to release the sourcecode of Bars&amp;Pipes Pro 2.5c beta
end of May 2001, the source of the main program and the sources of some tools and accessories were in a complete and compileable state 
end of October 2009 stop further development of BarsnPipes New for now on all supported systems and made freeware 
2013 Alfred Faust diagnosed with incureable illness, called „Myastenia gravis“ (weak muscles) 
&lt;/pre&gt;


 Protrekkr

How to use Midi In/Out in Protrekkr ?

First of all, midi in &amp; out capabilities of this program are rather limited.

# Go to Misc. Setup section and select a midi in or out device to use (ptk only supports one device at a time).
# Go to instrument section, and select a MIDI PRG (the default is N/A, which means no midi program selected).
# Go to track section and here you can assign a midi channel to each track of ptk.
# Play notes :]. Note off works. F'x' note cut command also works too, and note-volume command (speed) is supported.

Also, you can change midicontrollers in the tracker, using '90' in the panning row:

&lt;pre&gt;
    C-3 02 .. .. 0000....


    --- .. .. 90 xxyy.... &lt;&lt; This will set the value 
    --- .. .. .. 0000....    of the controller n.'xx' to 'yy' (both in hex)
    --- .. .. .. 0000....
&lt;/pre&gt;

So &quot;--- .. .. 90 2040....&quot; will set the controller number $20(32) to $40(64).

You will need the midi implementation table of your gear to know what you can change with midi controller messages.

 N.B. Not all MIDI devices are created equal!

Although the MIDI specification defines a large range of MIDI messages of various kinds, not every MIDI device is required to work in exactly the same way and respond to all the available messages and ways of working. For example, we don't expect a wind synthesiser to work in the same way as a home keyboard.

Some devices, the older ones perhaps, are only able to respond to a single channel. With some of those devices that channel can be altered from the default of 1 (probably) to another channel of the 16 possible.

Other devices, for instance monophonic synthesisers, are capable of producing just one note at a time, on one MIDI channel. Others can produce many notes spread across many channels.

Further devices can respond to, and transmit, &quot;breath controller&quot; data (MIDI controller number 2 (CC#2)) others may respond to the reception of CC#2 but not be able to create and to send it.

A controller keyboard may be capable of sending &quot;expression pedal&quot; data, but another device may not be capable of responding to that message.

Some devices just have the basic GM sound set. The &quot;voice&quot; or &quot;instrument&quot; is selected using a &quot;Program Change&quot; message on its own.

Other devices have a greater selection of voices, usually arranged in &quot;banks&quot;, and the choice of instrument is made by responding to &quot;Bank Select MSB&quot; (MIDI controller 0 (CC#0)), others use &quot;Bank Select LSB&quot; (MIDI controller number 32 (CC#32)), yet others use both MSB and LSB sent one after the other, all followed by the Program Change message. The detailed information about all the different voices will usually be available in a published MIDI Data List.


 MIDI Implementation Chart

But in the User Manual there is sometimes a summary of how the device works, in terms of MIDI, in the chart at the back of the manual, the MIDI Implementation Chart.

If you require two devices to work together you can compare the two implementation charts to see if they are &quot;compatible&quot;. In order to do this we will need to interpret that chart.

The chart is divided into four columns headed &quot;Function&quot;, &quot;Transmitted&quot; (or &quot;Tx&quot;), &quot;Received&quot; (or &quot;Rx&quot;), or more correctly &quot;Recognised&quot;, and finally, &quot;Remarks&quot;.

&lt;pre&gt;
The left hand column defines which MIDI functions are being described.
The 2nd column defines what the device in question is capable of transmitting to another device.
The 3rd column defines what the device is capable of responding to.
The 4th column is for explanations of the values contained within these previous two columns.
&lt;/pre&gt;

There should then be twelve sections, with possibly a thirteenth containing extra &quot;Notes&quot;. Finally there should be an explanation of the four MIDI &quot;modes&quot; and what the &quot;X&quot; and the &quot;O&quot; mean.
&lt;pre&gt;
Mode 1: Omni On, Poly; 
Mode 2: Omni On, Mono; 
Mode 3: Omni Off, Poly; 
Mode 4: Omni Off, Mono.
&lt;/pre&gt;
O means &quot;yes&quot; (implemented), X means &quot;no&quot; (not implemented).

Sometimes you will find a row of asterisks &quot;**************&quot;, these seem to indicate that the data is not applicable in this case. Seen in the transmitted field only (unless you've seen otherwise).

Lastly you may find against some entries an asterisk followed by a number e.g. *1, these will refer you to further information, often on a following page, giving more detail.

Basic Channel
But the very first set of boxes will tell us the &quot;Basic Channel(s)&quot; that the device sends or receives on. 
&quot;Default&quot; is what happens when the device is first turned on, &quot;changed&quot; is what a switch of some kind may allow the device to be set to. 
For many devices e.g. a GM sound module or a home keyboard, this would be 1-16 for both. That is it can handle sending and receiving on all MIDI channels.

On other devices, for example a synthesiser, it may by default only work on channel 1. But the keyboard could be &quot;split&quot; with the lower notes e.g. on channel 2. If the synth has an arppegiator, this may be able to be set to transmit and or receive on yet another channel.
So we might see the default as &quot;1&quot; but the changed as &quot;1-16&quot;.

Modes.
We need to understand Omni On and Off, and Mono and Poly, then we can decipher the four modes.

But first we need to understand that any of these four Mode messages can be sent to any MIDI channel. They don't necessarily apply to the whole device.

If we send an &quot;Omni On&quot; message (CC#125) to a MIDI channel of a device, we are, in effect, asking it to respond to e.g. a Note On / Off message pair, received on any of the sixteen channels. Sound strange? Read it again. Still strange? It certainly is. We normally want a MIDI channel to respond only to Note On / Off messages sent on that channel, not any other. In other words, &quot;Omni Off&quot;.

So &quot;Omni Off&quot; (CC#124) tells a channel of our MIDI device to respond only to messages sent on that MIDI channel.

&quot;Poly&quot; (CC#127) is for e.g. a channel of a polyphonic sound module, or a home keyboard, to be able to respond to many simultaneous Note On / Off message pairs at once and produce musical chords.

&quot;Mono&quot; (CC#126) allows us to set a channel to respond as if it were e.g. a flute or a trumpet, playing just one note at a time. If the device is capable of it, then the overlapping of notes will produce legato playing, that is the attack portion of the second note of two overlapping notes will be removed resulting in a &quot;smoother&quot; transition.

So a channel with a piano voice assigned to it will have Omni Off, Poly On (Mode 3), a channel with a saxophone voice assigned could be Omni Off, Mono On (Mode 4).

We call these combinations the four modes, 1 to 4, as defined above. 
Most modern devices will have their channels set to Mode 3 (Omni Off, Poly) but be switchable, on a per channel basis, to Mode 4 (Omni Off, Mono).

This second section of data will include first its default value i.e. upon device switch on. Then what Mode messages are acceptable, or X if none.

Finally, in the &quot;Altered&quot; field, how a Mode message that can't be implemented will be interpreted. Usually there will just be a row of asterisks effectively meaning nothing will be done if you try to switch to an unimplemented mode.

Note Number
&lt;pre&gt;
The next row will tell us which MIDI notes the device can send or receive, normally 0-127.
The second line, &quot;True Voice&quot; has the following in the MIDI specification: 
&quot;Range of received note numbers falling within the range of true notes produced by the instrument.&quot;
My interpretation is that, for instance, a MIDI piano may be capable of sending all MIDI notes (0 to 127) by transposition, but only responding to the 88 notes (21 to 108) of a real piano. 
&lt;/pre&gt;

Velocity
This will tell us whether the device we're looking at will handle note velocity, and what range from 1-127, or maybe just 64, it transmits or will recognise. So usually &quot;O&quot; plus a range or &quot;X&quot; for not implemented.

After touch
This may have one or two lines two it.
If a one liner the either &quot;O&quot; or &quot;X&quot;, yes or no.
If a two liner then it may include &quot;Keys&quot; or &quot;Poly&quot; and &quot;Channel&quot;.
This will show whether the device will respond to Polyphonic after touch or channel after touch or neither.

Pitch Bend
Again &quot;O&quot; for implemented, &quot;X&quot; for not implemented.
(Many stage pianos will have no pitch bend capability.)
It may also, in the notes section, state whether it will respond to the full 14 bits, or not, as usually encoded by the pitch bend wheel.

Control Change
This is likely to be the largest section of the chart.
It will list all those controllers, starting from CC#0, Bank Select MSB, which the device is capable of sending, and those that it will respond to using &quot;O&quot; or &quot;X&quot; respectively.
You will, almost certainly, get some further explanation of functionality in the remarks column, or in more detail elsewhere in the documentation.

Of course you will need to know what all the various controller numbers do. Lots of the official technical specifications can be found at the [www.midi.org/techspecs/ MMA], with the table of messages and control change [www.midi.org/techspecs/midimessages.php message numbers]

Program Change
Again &quot;O&quot; or &quot;X&quot; in the Transmitted or Recognised column to indicate whether or not the feature is implemented. In addition a range of numbers is shown, typically 0-127, to show what is available.
True # (number): &quot;The range of the program change numbers which correspond to the actual number of patches selected.&quot;

System Exclusive
Used to indicate whether or not the device can send or recognise System Exclusive messages. A short description is often given in the Remarks field followed by a detailed explanation elsewhere in the documentation.

System Common - These include the following:
&lt;pre&gt;
MIDI Time Code Quarter Frame messages (device synchronisation).
Song Position Pointer
Song Select
Tune Request
&lt;/pre&gt;
The section will indicate whether or not the device can send or respond to any of these messages.

System Real Time
These include the following:
&lt;pre&gt;
Timing Clock - often just written as &quot;Clock&quot;
Start
Stop
Continue
&lt;/pre&gt;
These three are usually just referred to as &quot;Commands&quot; and listed.
Again the section will indicate which, if any, of these messages the device can send or respond to.
&lt;pre&gt;
Aux. Messages
Again &quot;O&quot; or &quot;X&quot; for implemented or not.
Aux. = Auxiliary.
Active Sense = Active Sensing.
&lt;/pre&gt;
Often with an explanation of the action of the device.

Notes
The &quot;Notes&quot; section can contain any additional comments to clarify the particular implementation.

Some of the explanations have been drawn directly from the MMA MIDI 1.0 Detailed Specification.
And the detailed explanation of some of the functions will be found there, or in the General MIDI System Level 1 or General MIDI System Level 2 documents also published by the MMA.


 OFFICIAL MIDI SPECIFICATIONS

SUMMARY OF MIDI MESSAGES
Table 1 - Summary of MIDI Messages

The following table lists the major MIDI messages in numerical (binary) order (adapted from &quot;MIDI by the Numbers&quot; by D. Valenti, Electronic Musician 2/88, and updated by the MIDI Manufacturers Association.). This table is intended as an overview of MIDI, and is by no means complete.

WARNING! Details about implementing these messages can dramatically impact compatibility with other products. We strongly recommend consulting the official MIDI Specifications for additional information.

MIDI 1.0 Specification

Message Summary Channel Voice Messages [nnnn = 0-15 (MIDI Channel Number 1-16)]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Status D7----D0 
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Data Byte(s) D7----D0 
! width=&quot;20%&quot;  |Description
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;1000nnnn || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0kkkkkkk 0vvvvvvv || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Note Off event. 
This message is sent when a note is released (ended). (kkkkkkk) is the key (note) number. (vvvvvvv) is the velocity.
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;1001nnnn || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0kkkkkkk 0vvvvvvv || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Note On event. 
This message is sent when a note is depressed (start). (kkkkkkk) is the key (note) number. (vvvvvvv) is the velocity.
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;1010nnnn || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0kkkkkkk 0vvvvvvv || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Polyphonic Key Pressure (Aftertouch). 
This message is most often sent by pressing down on the key after it &quot;bottoms out&quot;. (kkkkkkk) is the key (note) number. (vvvvvvv) is the pressure value.
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;1011nnnn || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0ccccccc 0vvvvvvv || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Control Change. 
This message is sent when a controller value changes. Controllers include devices such as pedals and levers. Controller numbers 120-127 are reserved as &quot;Channel Mode Messages&quot; (below). (ccccccc) is the controller number (0-119). (vvvvvvv) is the controller value (0-127).
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;1100nnnn || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0ppppppp || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Program Change. This message sent when the patch number changes. (ppppppp) is the new program number.
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;1101nnnn || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0vvvvvvv || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Channel Pressure (After-touch). This message is most often sent by pressing down on the key after it &quot;bottoms out&quot;. This message is different from polyphonic after-touch. Use this message to send the single greatest pressure value (of all the current depressed keys). (vvvvvvv) is the pressure value.
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;1110nnnn || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0lllllll 0mmmmmmm || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pitch Bend Change. This message is sent to indicate a change in the pitch bender (wheel or lever, typically). The pitch bender is measured by a fourteen bit value. Center (no pitch change) is 2000H. Sensitivity is a function of the receiver, but may be set using RPN 0. (lllllll) are the least significant 7 bits. (mmmmmmm) are the most significant 7 bits.
|}

Channel Mode Messages (See also Control Change, above)

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Status D7----D0 
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Data Byte(s) D7----D0 
! width=&quot;20%&quot;  |Description
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;1011nnnn || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0ccccccc 0vvvvvvv || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Channel Mode Messages. 
This the same code as the Control Change (above), but implements Mode control and special message by using reserved controller numbers 120-127. The commands are:
*All Sound Off. When All Sound Off is received all oscillators will turn off, and their volume envelopes are set to zero as soon as possible c = 120, v = 0: All Sound Off
*Reset All Controllers. When Reset All Controllers is received, all controller values are reset to their default values. (See specific Recommended Practices for defaults) c = 121, v = x: Value must only be zero unless otherwise allowed in a specific Recommended Practice.
*Local Control. When Local Control is Off, all devices on a given channel will respond only to data received over MIDI. Played data, etc. will be ignored. Local Control On restores the functions of the normal controllers. 
c = 122, v = 0: Local Control Off
c = 122, v = 127: Local Control On
* All Notes Off. When an All Notes Off is received, all oscillators will turn off. 
c = 123, v = 0: All Notes Off (See text for description of actual mode commands.)
c = 124, v = 0: Omni Mode Off 
c = 125, v = 0: Omni Mode On 
c = 126, v = M: Mono Mode On (Poly Off) where M is the number of channels (Omni Off) or 0 (Omni On) 
c = 127, v = 0: Poly Mode On (Mono Off) (Note: These four messages also cause All Notes Off)
|}

System Common Messages

System Messages (0xF0)

The final status nybble is a “catch all” for data that doesn’t fit the other statuses. They all use the most significant nybble (4bits) of 0xF, with the least significant nybble indicating the specific category.

The messages are denoted when the MSB of the second nybble is 1. When that bit is a 0, the messages fall into two other subcategories.

System Common

If the MSB of the second second nybble (4 bits) is not set, this indicates a System Common message. Most of these are messages that include some additional data bytes.

System Common Messages
Type Status Byte   Number of Data Bytes      Usage 
&lt;pre&gt;
Time Code Quarter Frame	0xF1	1	Indicates timing using absolute time code, primarily for synthronization with video playback systems. A single location requires eight messages to send the location in an encoded hours:minutes:seconds:frames format*.
Song Position	0xF2	2	Instructs a sequencer to jump to a new position in the song. The data bytes form a 14-bit value that expresses the location as the number of sixteenth notes from the start of the song.
Song Select	0xF3	1	Instructs a sequencer to select a new song. The data byte indicates the song.
Undefined	0xF4	0	
Undefined	0xF5	0	
Tune Request	0xF6	0	Requests that the receiver retunes itself**.
&lt;/pre&gt;
*MIDI Time Code (MTC) is significantly complex. Please see the MIDI Specification
**While modern digital instruments are good at staying in tune, older analog synthesizers were prone to tuning drift. Some analog synthesizers had an automatic tuning operation that could be initiated with this command.


System Exclusive

If you’ve been keeping track, you’ll notice there are two status bytes not yet defined: 0xf0 and 0xf7. These are used by the System Exclusive message, often abbreviated at SysEx. SysEx provides a path to send arbitrary data over a MIDI connection. There is a group of predefined messages for complex data, like fine grained control of MIDI Time code machinery. SysEx is also used to send manufacturer defined data, such as patches, or even firmware updates.

System Exclusive messages are longer than other MIDI messages, and can be any length. The messages are of the following format:

0xF0, 0xID, 0xdd, ...... 0xF7
The message is bookended with distinct bytes.

It opens with the Start Of Exclusive (SOX) data byte, 0xF0.
The next one to three bytes after the start are an identifier.
Values from 0x01 to 0x7C are one-byte vendor IDs, assigned to manufacturers who were involved with MIDI at the beginning.
If the ID is 0x00, it’s a three-byte vendor ID - the next two bytes of the message are the value.
&lt;pre&gt;
ID 0x7D is a placeholder for non-commercial entities.
ID 0x7E indicates a predefined Non-realtime SysEx message.
ID 0x7F indicates a predefined Realtime SysEx message.
&lt;/pre&gt;
After the ID is the data payload, sent as a stream of bytes.
The transfer concludes with the End of Exclusive (EOX) byte, 0xF7.
The payload data must follow the guidelines for MIDI data bytes – the MSB must not be set, so only 7 bits per byte are actually usable. If the MSB is set, it falls into three possible scenarios.

An End of Exclusive byte marks the ordinary termination of the SysEx transfer.
System Real Time messages may occur within the transfer without interrupting it. The recipient should handle them independently of the SysEx transfer.
Other status bytes implicitly terminate the SysEx transfer and signal the start of new messages.
 Some inexpensive USB-to-MIDI interfaces aren’t capable of handling messages longer than four bytes.

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Status D7----D0 
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Data Byte(s) D7----D0 
! width=&quot;20%&quot;  |Description
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11110000 || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0iiiiiii [0iiiiiii 0iiiiiii]  0ddddddd  --- --- 0ddddddd 11110111 || &lt;!--Description--&gt;System Exclusive. 
This message type allows manufacturers to create their own messages (such as bulk dumps, patch parameters, and other non-spec data) and provides a mechanism for creating additional MIDI Specification messages. The Manufacturer's ID code (assigned by MMA or AMEI) is either 1 byte (0iiiiiii) or 3 bytes (0iiiiiii 0iiiiiii 0iiiiiii). Two of the 1 Byte IDs are reserved for extensions called Universal Exclusive Messages, which are not manufacturer-specific. If a device recognizes the ID code as its own (or as a supported Universal message) it will listen to the rest of the message (0ddddddd). Otherwise, the message will be ignored. (Note: Only Real-Time messages may be interleaved with a System Exclusive.)
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11110001 || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0nnndddd || &lt;!--Description--&gt;MIDI Time Code Quarter Frame.
nnn = Message Type
dddd = Values
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11110010 || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0lllllll 0mmmmmmm || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Song Position Pointer. 
This is an internal 14 bit register that holds the number of MIDI beats (1 beat= six MIDI clocks) since the start of the song. l is the LSB, m the MSB.
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11110011 || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0sssssss || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Song Select. 
The Song Select specifies which sequence or song is to be played.
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11110100 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Undefined. (Reserved)
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11110101 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Undefined. (Reserved)
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11110110 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tune Request. Upon receiving a Tune Request, all analog synthesizers should tune their oscillators.
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11110111 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;End of Exclusive. Used to terminate a System Exclusive dump. 
|}


System Real-Time Messages

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Status D7----D0 
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Data Byte(s) D7----D0 
! width=&quot;20%&quot;  |Description
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11111000 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Timing Clock. Sent 24 times per quarter note when synchronization is required.
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11111001 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Undefined. (Reserved)
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11111010 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Start. Start the current sequence playing. (This message will be followed with Timing Clocks).
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11111011 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Continue. Continue at the point the sequence was Stopped.
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11111100 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Stop. Stop the current sequence.
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11111101 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Undefined. (Reserved)
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11111110 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Active Sensing. This message is intended to be sent repeatedly to tell the receiver that a connection is alive. Use of this message is optional. When initially received, the receiver will expect to receive another Active Sensing message each 300ms (max), and if it does not then it will assume that the connection has been terminated. At termination, the receiver will turn off all voices and return to normal (non- active sensing) operation. 
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11111111 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Reset. Reset all receivers in the system to power-up status. This should be used sparingly, preferably under manual control. In particular, it should not be sent on power-up.
|}


Advanced Messages

Polyphonic Pressure (0xA0) and Channel Pressure (0xD0)

Some MIDI controllers include a feature known as Aftertouch. While a key is being held down, the player can press harder on the key. The controller measures this, and converts it into MIDI messages.

Aftertouch comes in two flavors, with two different status messages.

The first flavor is polyphonic aftertouch, where every key on the controller is capable of sending its own independent pressure information. The messages are of the following format:
&lt;pre&gt;
0xnc, 0xkk, 0xpp
n is the status (0xA)
c is the channel nybble
kk is the key number (0 to 127)
pp is the pressure value (0 to 127)
&lt;/pre&gt;
Polyphonic aftertouch is an uncommon feature, usually found on premium quality instruments, because every key requires a separate pressure sensor, plus the circuitry to read them all.

Much more commonly found is channel aftertouch. Instead of needing a discrete sensor per key, it uses a single, larger sensor to measure pressure on all of the keys as a group. The messages omit the key number, leaving a two-byte format
&lt;pre&gt;
0xnc, 0xpp
n is the status (0xD)
c is the channel number
pp is the pressure value (0 to 127)
&lt;/pre&gt;

Pitch Bend (0xE0)

Many keyboards have a wheel or lever towards the left of the keys for pitch bend control. This control is usually spring-loaded, so it snaps back to the center of its range when released. This allows for both upward and downward bends.

Pitch Bend Wheel

The wheel sends pitch bend messages, of the format
&lt;pre&gt;
0xnc, 0xLL, 0xMM
n is the status (0xE)
c is the channel number
LL is the 7 least-significant bits of the value
MM is the 7 most-significant bits of the value
&lt;/pre&gt;
You’ll notice that the bender data is actually 14 bits long, transmitted as two 7-bit data bytes. This means that the recipient needs to reassemble those bytes using binary manipulation. 14 bits results in an overall range of 214, or 0 to 16,383. Because it defaults to the center of the range, the default value for the bender is halfway through that range, at 8192 (0x2000).

Control Change (0xB0)

In addition to pitch bend, MIDI has provisions for a wider range of expressive controls, sometimes known as continuous controllers, often abbreviated CC. These are transmitted by the remaining knobs and sliders on the keyboard controller shown below.


Continuous Controllers

These controls send the following message format:
&lt;pre&gt;
0xnc, 0xcc, 0xvv
n is the status (0xB)
c is the MIDI channel
cc is the controller number (0-127)
vv is the controller value (0-127)
&lt;/pre&gt;

Typically, the wheel next to the bender sends controller number one, assigned to modulation (or vibrato) depth. It is implemented by most instruments.

The remaining controller number assignments are another point of confusion. The MIDI specification was revised in version 2.0 to assign uses for many of the controllers. However, this implementation is not universal, and there are ranges of unassigned controllers.

On many modern MIDI devices, the controllers are assignable. On the controller keyboard shown in the photos, the various controls can be configured to transmit different controller numbers. Controller numbers can be mapped to particular parameters. Virtual synthesizers frequently allow the user to assign CCs to the on-screen controls. This is very flexible, but it might require configuration on both ends of the link and completely bypasses the assignments in the standard.


Program Change (0xC0)

Most synthesizers have patch storage memory, and can be told to change patches using the following command:
&lt;pre&gt;
0xnc, 0xpp
n is the status (0xc)
c is the channel
pp is the patch number (0-127)
&lt;/pre&gt;
This allows for 128 sounds to be selected, but modern instruments contain many more than 128 patches. Controller #0 is used as an additional layer of addressing, interpreted as a “bank select” command. Selecting a sound on such an instrument might involve two messages: a bank select controller message, then a program change.

Audio &amp; Midi are not synchronized, what I can do ?
Buy a commercial software package but there is a nasty trick to synchronize both. It's a bit hardcore but works for me:

 Simply put one line down to all midi notes on your pattern (use Insert key)
 and go to 'Misc. Setup', adjust the latency and just search a value
 that will make sound sync both audio/midi.

The stock Sin/Saw/Pulse and Rnd waveforms are too simple/common, is there a way to use something more complex/rich ?
You have to ability to redirect the waveforms of the instruments through the synth pipe by selecting the &quot;wav&quot; option for the oscillator you're using for this synth instrument, samples can be used as wavetables to replace the stock signals.


Sound banks like soundfont (sf2) or Kontakt2 are not supported at the moment


====DAW Audio Evolution 4====

Audio Evolution 4 gives you unsurpassed power for digital audio recording and editing on the Amiga. The latest release focusses on time-saving non-linear and non-destructive editing, as seen on other platforms. Besides editing, Audio Evolution 4 offers a wide range of realtime effects, including compression, noise gate, delays, reverb, chorus and 3-band EQ.

Whether you put them as inserts on a channel or use them as auxillaries, the effect parameters are realtime adjustable and can be fully automated. Together with all other mixing parameters, they can even be controlled remotely, using more ergonomic MIDI hardware.

Non-linear editing on the time line, including cut, copy, paste, move, split, trim and crossfade actions

The number of tracks per project(s) is unlimited .... AHI limits you to recording only two at a time. i.e. not on 8 track sound cards like the Juli@ or Phase 88.

sample file import is limited to 16bit AIFF (not AIFC, important distinction as some files from other sources can be AIFC with aiff file extension). and 16bit WAV (pcm only)


Most apps use the Music Unit only but a few apps also use Unit (0-3) instead or as well. 
* Set up AHI prefs so that microphone is available. (Input option near the bottom)


stereo++ allows the audio piece to be placed anywhere and the left-right adjusted to sound positionally right

hifi best for music playback if driver supports this option


Load 16bit .aif .aiff only sample(s) to use not AIFC which can have the same ending. AIFF stands for Audio Interchange File Format 

 sox recital.wav recital.aiff

 sox recital.wav −b 16 recital.aiff channels 1 rate 16k fade 3 norm
 sox input.wav        output.aiff bass −b 16 rate 48k

performs the same format translation, but also applies four effects (down-mix to one channel, sample rate change, fade-in, nomalize), and stores the result at a bit-depth of 16.

 rec −c 2 radio.aiff trim 0 30:00

records half an hour of stereo audio 

 play existing-file.wav


24bit PCM WAV or AIFF do not work 

*No stream format handling. So no way to pass on an AC3 encoded stream unmodified to the digital outputs through AHI.
*No master volume handling. Each application has to set its own volume. So each driver implements its own custom driver-mixer interface for handling master volumes, mute and preamps.
*Only one output stream. So all input gets mixed into one output.
*No automatic handling of output direction based on connected cables.
*No monitor input selection. Only monitor volume control. 


select the correct input (Don't mistake enabled sound for the correct input.)
The monitor will feedback audio to the lineout and hp out no matter if you have selected the correct input to the ADC. The monitor will provide sound for any valid input. This will result in free mixing when recording from the monitor input instead of mic/line because the monitor itself will provide the hardware mixing for you. Be aware that MIC inputs will give two channel mono. Only Linein will give real stereo.

Now for the not working part. Attempt to record from linein in the AE4 record window, the right channel is noise and the left channel is distorted. Even with the recommended HIFI 16bit Stereo++ mode at 48kHz.


Channels

Monitor

Gain

Inout

Output

Advanced settings - Debugging via serial port


* Options -&gt; Soundcard In/Out
* Options -&gt; SampleRate
* Options -&gt; Preferences

F6 for Sample File List

Setting a grid is easy as is measuring the BPM by marking a section of the sample. Is your kick drum track &quot;not in time&quot; ? If so, you're stumped in AE4 as it has no fancy variable time signatures and definitely no 'track this dodgy rhythm' function like software of the nature of Logic has. So if your drum beat is freeform you will need to work in freeform mode. (Real music is free form anyway).

If the drum *is* accurate and you are just having trouble measuring the time, I usually measure over a range of bars and set the number of beats in range to say 16 as this is more accurate, Then you will need to shift the drum track to match your grid *before* applying the grid. (probably an iterative process as when the grid is active samples snap to it, and when inactive you cannot see it).

AE4 does have ARexx but the functions are more for adding samples at set offsets and starting playback / recording.


These are the usual features found in DAWs...

* Recording digital audio, midi sequencer and mixer 
* virtual VST instruments and plug-ins 
* automation, group channels, MIDI channels, FX sends and returns, audio and MIDI editors and music notation editor


* different track views 
* mixer and track layout (but not the same as below) 
* traditional two windows (track and mixer)


Mixing - mixdown

Could not figure out how to select what part I wanted to send to the aux, set it to echo and return. Pretty much the whole echo effect. Or any effect.

Take look at page17 of the manual.

When you open the EQ / Aux send popup window you will see 4 sends. Now from the menu choose the windows menu.

Menus-&gt;Windows-&gt; Aux Returns Window

or press F5

You will see a small window with 4 volume controls and an effects button for each. Click a button and add an effects to that aux channel, then set it up as desired (note the reverb effect has a special AUX setting that improves its use with the aux channel, not compulsory but highly useful). You set the amount of 'return' on the main mix in the Aux Return window, and the amount sent from each main mixer channel in the popup for that channel. Again the aux sends are &quot;prefade&quot; so the volume faders on each channel do not affect them.


Tracking


Effects - fade in

To add some echoes to some vocals, tried to add an effect on a track but did not come out. This is made more complicated as I wanted to mute a vocal but then make it echo at the muting point. Want to have one word of a vocal heard and then echoed off. But when the track is mute the echo is cancelled out.

To correctly understand what is happening here you need to study the figure at the bottom of page 15 on the manual. You will see from that that the effects are applied 'prefade' So the automation you applied will naturally mute the entire signal.

There would be a number of ways to achieve the goal,

You have three real time effects slots, one for smoothing like so

Sample -&gt; Amplify -&gt; Delay

Then automate the gain of the amplify block so that it effectively mutes the sample just before the delay at the appropriate moment, the echo effect should then be heard.

Getting the effects in the right order will require experimentation as they can only be added top down and it's not obvious which order they are applied to the signal, but there only two possibilities, so it wont take long to find out.

Using MUTE can cause clicks to the Amplify can be used to mute more smoothly so that's a secondary advantage.

Signal Processing -


Overdub

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===Office===

====Spreadsheet Leu====

Support for some xlsx, and ods functions 


====Spreadsheet Ignition====

; Needs ABIv1 to be completed before more can be done

File formats supported 
* ascii #?.txt and #?.csv (single sheets with data only). 
* igs and TurboCalc(WIP) #?.tc for all sheets with data, formats and formulas.

There is '''no''' support for xls, xlsx, ods or uos ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_Office_Format Uniform Unified Office Format]) at the moment.

* Always use Esc key after editing Spreadsheet cells.
* copy/paste seems to copy the first instance only so go to Edit -&gt; Clipboard to manage the list of remembered actions. 
* Right mouse click on row (1 or 2 or 3) or column header (a or b or c)  to access optimal height or width of the row or column respectively 
* Edit -&gt; Insert -&gt; Row  seems to clear the spreadsheet or clears the rows after the inserted row until undo restores as it should be...

Change Sheet name by  Object -&gt; Sheet -&gt; Properties

Click in the cell which will contain the result, and click '''down arrow button''' to the right of the formula box at the bottom of the spreadsheet and choose the function required from the list provided. Then click on the start cell and click on the bottom right corner, a '''very''' small blob, which allows stretching a bounding box (thick grey outlines) across many cells This grey bounding box can be used to '''copy a formula''' to other cells.

Object -&gt; Cell -&gt; Properties to change cell format - Currency only covers DM and not $, Euro, Renminbi, Yen or Pound etc. 
Shift key and arrow keys selects a range of cells, so that '''formatting can be done to all highlighted cells'''. 
View -&gt; Overview then select ALL with one click (in empty cell in the top left hand corner of the sheet).

Default mode is relative cell referencing e.g. a1+a2 but absolute e.g. $a$1+$a$2 can be entered.

* #sheet-name to '''absolute''' reference another sheet-name cell unless reference() function used.

;Graphs

use shift key and arrow keys to select a bunch of cells to be graph'ed making sure that x axes represents and y axes represents

* value() - 0 value, 1 percent, 2 date, 3 time, 4 unit ...


;Dates 
* Excel starts a running count from the 1st Jan 1900 and Ignition starts from 1st Jan 1AD '''(maybe this needs to change)'''
Set formatting Object -&gt; Cell -&gt; Properties and put date in days


;Time 
Set formatting Object -&gt; Cell -&gt; Properties and put time in seconds taken


;Database (to be done by someone else)

type - standard, reference (bezug), search criterion (suchkriterium), 
* select a bunch of cells and Object -&gt; Database -&gt; Define to set Datenbank (database) and Felder (fields not sure how?) 
* Neu (new) or loschen (delete) to add/remove database headings e.g. Personal, Start Date, Finish Date (one per row?)
* Object -&gt; Database -&gt; Index to add fields (felder) like Surname, First Name, Employee ID, etc. to ?

Filtering done with dbfilter(), dbproduct() and dbposition().

Activities with dbsum(), dbaverage(), dbmin() and dbmax().

Table sorting -


;Scripts (Arexx)

;Excel(TM) to Ignition - commas ''',''' replaced by semi-colons ''';''' to separate values within functions 
*SUM(), 
*AVERAGE(), MAX(), MIN(), INT(), PRODUCT(), MEDIAN(), VAR() becomes Variance(), Percentile(),
*IF(), AND, OR, NOT 
*LEFT(), RIGHT(), MID() becomes MIDDLE(), LEN() becomes LENGTH(), 
*LOWER() becomes LOWERCASE(), UPPER() becomes UPPERCASE(),
* DATE(yyyy,mm,dd) becomes COMPUTEDATE(dd;mm;yyyy), 
*TODAY(), DAY(),WEEK(), MONTH(),=YEAR(TODAY()), 
*EOMONTH() becomes MONTHLENGTH(), 
*NOW() should be date and time becomes time only, SECOND(), MINUTE(), HOUR(),
*DBSUM() becomes DSUM(),


;Missing and possibly useful features/functions needed for ignition to have better support of Excel files 
There is no Merge and Join Text over many cells, no protect and/or freeze row or columns or books but can LOCK sheets, no define bunch of cells as a name, Macros (Arexx?), conditional formatting, no Solver, no Goal Seek, no Format Painter, no AutoFill, no AutoSum function button, no pivot tables, (30 argument limit applies to Excel)

*HLOOKUP(), VLOOKUP(), [http://production-scheduling.com/excel-index-function-most-useful/ INDEX(), MATCH()], CHOOSE(), TEXT(), 
*TRIM(), FIND(), SUBSTITUTE(), CONCATENATE() or &amp;, PROPER(), REPT(), 
*[https://acingexcel.com/excel-sumproduct-function/ SUMPRODUCT()], ROUND(), ROUNDUP(), *ROUNDDOWN(), COUNT(), COUNTA(), SUMIF(), COUNTIF(), COUNTBLANK(), TRUNC(), 
*PMT(), PV(), FV(), POWER(), SQRT(), MODE(), TRUE, FALSE, 
*MODE(), LARGE(), SMALL(), RANK(), STDEV(), 
*DCOUNT(), DCOUNTA(), WEEKDAY(),


;Excel Keyboard [http://dmcritchie.mvps.org/excel/shortx2k.htm shortcuts needed to aid usability in Ignition] 
&lt;pre&gt;
Ctrl Z - Undo

Ctrl D - Fill Down
Ctrl R - Fill right

Ctrl F - Find
Ctrl H - Replace

Ctrl 1 - Formatting of Cells
CTRL SHIFT ~ Apply General Formatting ie a number 
Ctrl ; - Todays Date 

F2 - Edit cell
F4 - toggle cell absolute / relative cell references

&lt;/pre&gt;


====Document Scanning - Scandal====

Scanner usually needs to be connected via a USB port and not via a hub or extension lead.

Check in Trident Prefs -&gt; Devices that the USB Scanner is not bound to anything (e.g. Bindings None)
If not found then reboot the computer and recheck.

Start Scandal, choose Settings from Menu strip at top of screen and in Scanner Driver choose the ?#.device of the scanner (e.g. epson2.device).

The next two boxes - leave empty as they are for morphos SCSI use only
 or put ata.device (use the selection option in bigger box below) and Unit as 0 this is needed for gt68xx

* gt68xx - no editing needed in s/gt68xx.conf but needs a firmware file that corresponds to the scanner [http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/ gt68xx firmwares] in sys:s/gt68xx.
* epson2 - Need to edit the file epson2.conf in sys/s that corresponds to the scanner being used

'''Save''' the settings but do not press the Use button (aros freezes)

Back to the Picture Scan window and the right-hand sections.

Click on the '''Information''' tab and press Connect button and the scanner should now be detected.

Go next to the '''Scanner''' tab next to Information Tab should have Color, Black and White, etc. and dpi settings now. Selecting an option Color, B/W etc. can cause dpi settings corruption (especially if the settings are in one line) so set '''dpi first'''. Make sure if Preview is set or not.

In the '''Scan''' Tab, press Scan and the scanner will do its duty. 
Be aware that nothing is saved to disk yet.

In the Save tab, change format JPEG, PNG or IFF DEEP. Tick incremental and base filename if necessary and then click the Save button. The image will now be saved to permanent storage.


The driver ignores a device if it is already bond to another USB class, rejects it from being usable. However, open Trident prefs, select your device and use the right mouse button to open. Select &quot;NONE&quot; to prevent poseidon from touching the device. Now save settings. It should always work now.

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===Emulators===

==== Amiberry ====


==== Amiga Emu - Janus UAE ====

With Amibridge, AROS attempts to make the UAE emulator seem embedded within but it still is acting as an app 

There is no dynarec m68k for each hardware that Aros supports or direct patching of motorola calls to AROS hardware accelerated ones unless the emulator has that included 

Try starting Janus with a priority of -1 like this little script:
&lt;pre&gt;
cd sys:system/AmiBridge/emulator
changetaskpri -1
run janus-uae -f my_uaerc.config &gt;nil:
cd sys:prefs
endcli
&lt;/pre&gt;
This stops Janus hogging all the CPU time.


===Miscellaneous===

====Screensaver Blanker====

Most blankers on the amiga (i.e. aros) run as commodities (they are in the tools/commodities drawer). Double click on blanker.

Control is with an app called Exchange, which you need to run first (double click on app) or  run QUIET sys:tools/commodities/Exchange &gt;NIL: but subsequently can use (Cntrl Alt h).

Icon tool types (may be broken) or command line options 
&lt;pre&gt;
seconds=number 
&lt;/pre&gt;

Once the timing is right then add the following to s:icaros-sequence or s:user-startup

e.g. for 5 minutes

 run QUIET sys:tools/commodities/Blanker seconds=300 &gt;NIL:


*[http://archives.aros-exec.org/index.php?function=showfile&amp;file=graphics/screenblanker/gblanker.i386-aros.zip Garshneblanker] can make Aros unstable or slow. Certain blankers crashes in Icaros 2.0.x like Dragon, Executor.


*[ Acuario AROS version], the aquarium screen saver.

Startup: extras:acuariofv-aros/acuario

Kill: c:break name=extras:acuariofv-aros/acuario

Managed to start Acuario by the Executor blanker.

&lt;pre&gt;
cx_priority=
cx_popkey=    ie CX_POPKEY=&quot;Shift F1&quot; 
cx_popup=Yes or No

&lt;/pre&gt;


&lt;pre&gt;
 Qualifier String    Input Event Class
   ----------------    -----------------
    &quot;lshift&quot;           IEQUALIFIER_LSHIFT
    &quot;rshift&quot;           IEQUALIFIER_RSHIFT
    &quot;capslock&quot;         IEQUALIFIER_CAPSLOCK
    &quot;control&quot;          IEQUALIFIER_CONTROL
    &quot;lalt&quot;             IEQUALIFIER_LALT
    &quot;ralt&quot;             IEQUALIFIER_RALT
    &quot;lcommand&quot;         IEQUALIFIER_LCOMMAND
    &quot;rcommand&quot;         IEQUALIFIER_RCOMMAND
    &quot;numericpad&quot;       IEQUALIFIER_NUMERICPAD
    &quot;repeat&quot;           IEQUALIFIER_REPEAT
    &quot;midbutton&quot;        IEQUALIFIER_MIDBUTTON
    &quot;rbutton&quot;          IEQUALIFIER_RBUTTON
    &quot;leftbutton&quot;       IEQUALIFIER_LEFTBUTTON
    &quot;relativemouse&quot;    IEQUALIFIER_RELATIVEMOUSE
&lt;/pre&gt;


&lt;pre&gt;
    Synonym     Synonym
    String     Identifier
    -------    ----------
    &quot;shift&quot;    IXSYM_SHIFT    /* look for either shift key */
    &quot;caps&quot;     IXSYM_CAPS     /* look for either shift key or capslock */
    &quot;alt&quot;      IXSYM_ALT      /* look for either alt key */

Highmap is one of the following strings:
    &quot;space&quot;, &quot;backspace&quot;, &quot;tab&quot;, &quot;enter&quot;, &quot;return&quot;, &quot;esc&quot;, &quot;del&quot;,
    &quot;up&quot;, &quot;down&quot;, &quot;right&quot;, &quot;left&quot;, &quot;f1&quot;, &quot;f2&quot;, &quot;f3&quot;, &quot;f4&quot;, &quot;f5&quot;,
    &quot;f6&quot;, &quot;f7&quot;, &quot;f8&quot;, &quot;f9&quot;, &quot;f10&quot;, &quot;help&quot;.


&lt;/pre&gt;


[[#top|...to the top]]

==== World Construction Set WCS (Version 2.031) ====

WCS is a fractal landscape software such as Scenery Animator, Vista Pro and Panorama. Open sourced February 2022, World Construction Set [https://3dnature.com/downloads/legacy-software/ legally and for free] and [https://github.com/AlphaPixel/3DNature c source]. 

Announced August 1994 this version dates from April 1996 developed by Gary R. Huber and Chris &quot;Xenon&quot; Hanson&quot; from Questar 

&lt;pre&gt;
Assign &quot;WCSProjects:&quot; &quot;Volume:Dir/Dir/WCSProjects&quot; 
Assign &quot;WCSFrames:&quot;   &quot;Volume:Dir/Dir/WCSFrames&quot; 
&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;
Load projects .proj by accessing pull down menu Project -&gt; Open then click on CanyonSunset.proj
OK to changing .par file and enlarge Status Log window to show what is happening 
Render by pull down menu Modules -&gt; Render with End equal 1 not 300 then click bottom middle button Render 
&lt;/pre&gt;

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CxQDmf1ZWG0 Youtube walkthrough of above], [], [], 

Also try working with the already built file ColoDemo - Then open with the drop-down menu: Project/Open, then WCSProject:ColoDemo.proj
Which allows you to use altimetric DEM files already included and Loading scene parameters from ColoDemo.par
Once this is done, save everything with a new name to start working exclusively on your project. 
Then drop-down menu and select Save As (&quot;NewName&quot;.proj name), then drop-down menu to open parameter and select Save All ( .par name)


After launching the software, there is a the Module Control Panel composed of five icons. 
It is a dock type shortcut of the first few functions of the drop-down menu 

*Database   - Load (#?.proj), Append, Create, Edit, Save, Dir List (of WCSProject drawer), 
*Data Ops   - Extract / Convert Interp DEM, Import DLG, DXF, WDB and export LW map 3d formats  
*Map View   - Database file Loader leading to Map View Control with option to the Database Editor 
*Parameters - Editor for Motion, Color, Ecosystem, Clouds, Waves, management of altimeter files DEM, sclock settings etc 
*Render     - rendering terrain 

These are more in the pull down menu but not in the dock 
*Motion Editor
*Color Editor
*Ecosys Editor 


Simple minimal workflow 
*Load database (1st icon - 1st)
*Set parameters and save .par file (4th icon)
*Render scene (5th icon) 

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZbTwwR2qcc4 Youtube], [], 

&lt;pre&gt;
.proj new project name which creates a drawer of additional files 

.binary array, ascii array .xyz , z buffer, DTED .dt0, vista 1990s dem, iff  conversion 
.Obj with .elev, .frd with .hdr maps, - digital elevation model (DEM) is a 3D representation of elevation data in various formats 
USGS 7.5MinDEM, 

.par 


&lt;/pre&gt;


Since for the time being no project is loaded, a query window indicates a procedural error when clicking on the rendering icon (right end of the bar). The menu is quite traditional; it varies according to the activity of the windows. To display any altimetric file in the &quot;Mapview&quot; (third icon of the panel), There are three possibilities:

* Loading of a demonstration project.
* The import of a DEM file, followed by texturing and packaging from the &quot;Database-Editor&quot; and the &quot;Color-Editor&quot;.
* The creation of an altimetric file in WCS format, then texturing.


The altimeter file editing (display in the menu) is only made possible if the &quot;Mapview&quot; window is active.

The software is made up of many windows and won't be able to describe them all. Know that &quot;Color-Editor&quot; and the &quot;Data-Editor&quot; comprise sufficient functions for obtaining an almost real rendering quality. You have the possibility of inserting vector objects in the &quot;Data-Editor&quot; (creation of roads, railways, etc.) 


The Map View (MapView) window

*Database - Objects and Topos
*View     - Align, Center, Zoom, Pan, Move 
*Draw     - Maps and distance 
*Object   - Find, highlight, add points, conform topo, duplicate 
*Motion   - Camera, Focus, path, elevation 
*Windows  - DEM designer, Cloud (.cld) and wave (.wve) editor, 


You will notice that by selecting this window and simply moving the pointer to various points on the map you will see latitude and longitude values ​​change, along with the height.
Drop-down menu and Modules, then select MapView and change the width of the window with the map to arrange it in the best way on the screen. With the Auto button the center. Window that then displays the contents of my DEM file, in this case the Grand Canyon. MapView allows you to observe the shape of the landscape from above
 

ZOOM button

Press the Zoom button and then with the pointer position on a point on the map, press the left mouse button and then move to the opposite corner to circumscribe the chosen area and press the left mouse button again, then we will see the enlarged area selected on the map.
Would add that there is a box next to the Zoom button that allows the direct insertion of a value which, the larger it is, the smaller the magnification and the smaller the value, the stronger the magnification. At each numerical change you will need to press the DRAW button to update the view.

PAN button

Under Zoom you will find the PAN button which allows you to move the map at will in all directions by the amount you want. This is done by drawing a line in one direction, then press PAN and point to an area on the map with the pointer and press the left mouse button. At this point, leave it and move the pointer in one direction by drawing a line and press the left mouse button again to trigger the movement of the map on the screen (origin and end points). Do some experiments and then use the Auto button immediately below to recenter everything.
There are parameters such as TOPO, VEC to be left checked and immediately below one that allows different views of the map with the Style command (Single, Multi, Surface, Emboss, Slope, Contour), each with its own particularities to highlight different details.

Now you have the first basics to manage your project visually on the map. Close the MapView window and go further...


Let's start working on ECOSYSTEMS
If we select Emboss from the MapView Style command we will have a clear idea of ​​how the landscape appears, realizing that it is a predominantly desert region of our planet. Therefore we will begin to act on any vegetation present and the appearance of the landscape.
With WCS we will begin to break down the elements of the landscape by assigning defined characteristics. It will be necessary to determine the classes of the ecosystem (Class) with parameters of Elevation Line (maximum altitude), Relative Elevation (arrangement on basins or convexities with respectively positive or negative parameters), Min Slope and Max Slope (slope). WCS offers the possibility of making ecosystems coexist on the same terrain with the UnderEco function, by setting a Density value.


Ecosys Ecosystem Editor

Let's open it from Modules, then Ecosys Editor. In the left pane you will find the list of ecosystems referring to the files present in our project. It will be necessary to clean up that box to leave only the Water and Snow landscapes and a few other predefined ones. We can do this by selecting the items and pressing the Remove button (be careful not for all elements the button is activated, therefore they cannot all be eliminated).
Once this is done we can start adding new ecosystems. Scroll through the various Unused and as soon as the Name item at the top is activated allowing you to write, type the name of your ecosystem, adding the necessary parameters.
&lt;pre&gt;
Ecosystem1: Name: RockBase Class: Rock Density: 80 MinSlope: 15 UnderEco: Terrain
Ecosystem2: Name: RockIncl Clss: Rock Density: 80 MinSlope: 30 UnderEco: Terrain
Ecosystem3: Name: Grass Class Low Veg Density: 50 Height: 1 Elev Line : 1500 Rel El Eff: 5
Max Slope: 10 – Min Slope: 0 UnderEco: Terrain
Ecosistema4: Name: Shrubs Class: Low Veg Density: 40 Height: 8 Elev Line: 3000
Rel El Eff: -2 Max Slope: 20 Min Slope : 5 UnderEco: Terrain
Ecosistema5: Name: Terrain Class: Ground Density: 100 UnderEco: Terrain
&lt;/pre&gt;

Now we need to identify an intermediate ecosystem that guarantees a smooth transition between all, therefore we select as Understory Ecosystem the one called Terrain in all ecosystems, except Snow and Water .
Now we need to 'emerge' the Colorado River in the Canyon and we can do this by raising the sea level to 900 (Sea Level) in the Ecosystem called Water.
Please note that the order of the ecosystem list gives priority to those that come after. So our list must have the following order: Water, Snow, Shrubs, RockIncl, RockBase, Terrain. It is possible to carry out all movements with the Swap button at the bottom. To put order you can also press Short List. Press Keep to confirm all the work done so far with Ecosystem Editor.
Remember every now and then to save both the Project 'Modules/Save' and 'Parameter/Save All'

EcoModels are made up of .etp .fgp .iff8 for each model 


Color Editor

Now it's time to define the colors of our scene and we can do this by going to Modules and then Color Editor. In the list we focus on our ecosystems, created first.
Let's go to the bottom of the list and select the first white space, assigning the name 'empty1', with a color we like and then we will find this element again in other environments... It could serve as an example for other situations!
So we move to 'grass' which already exists and assign the following colors: R 60 G 70 B50
&lt;pre&gt;
'shrubs': R 60 G 80 B 30
'RockIncl' R 110 G 65 B 60
'RockBase' R 110 G 80 B 80
' Terrain' R 150 G 30 B 30
&lt;pre&gt;
Now we can work on pre-existing colors
&lt;pre&gt;
'SunLight' R 150 G 130 B 130
'Haze and Fog' R 190 G 170 B 170
'Horizon' R 209 G 185 B 190
'Zenith' R 140 G 150 B 200
'Water' R 90 G 125 B 170
&lt;/pre&gt;

Ambient R 0 G 0 B 0

So don't forget to close Color Editor by pressing Keep.
Go once again to Ecosystem Editor and assign the corresponding color to each environment by selecting it using the Ecosystem Color button. Press it several times until the correct one appears. Then save the project and parameters again, as done previously.


Motion Editor

Now it's time to take care of the framing, so let's go to Modules and then to Motion Editor. An extremely feature-rich window will open. Following is the list of parameters regarding the Camera, position and other characteristics:
&lt;pre&gt;
-Camera Altitude: 7.0
-Camera Latitude: 36.075
-Camera Longitude: 112.133
-Focus Attitude: -2.0
-Focus Latitude: 36.275
-Focus Longitude: 112.386
-Camera : 512 → rendering window
-Camera Y: 384 → rendering window
-View Arc: 80 → View width in degrees
-Sun Longitude: 172
-Sun Latitude: -0.9
-Haze Start: 3.8
-Haze Range: 78, 5
&lt;/pre&gt;
As soon as the values ​​shown in the relevant sliders have been modified, we will be ready to open the CamView window to observe the wireframe preview. Let's not consider all the controls that will appear.
Well from the Motion Editor if you have selected Camera Altitude and open the CamView panel, you can change the height of the camera by holding down the right mouse button and moving the mouse up and down. To update the view, press the Terrain button in the adjacent window. As soon as you are convinced of the position, confirm again with Keep. You can carry out the same work with the other functions of the camera, such as Focus Altitude...
Let's now see the next positioning step on the Camera map, but let's leave the CamView preview window open while we go to Modules to open the window at the same time MapView. We will thus be able to take advantage of the view from the other together with a subjective one.


From the MapView window, select with the left mouse button and while it is pressed, move the Camera as desired. To update the subjective preview, always click on Terrain.
While with the same procedure you can intervene on the direction of the camera lens, by selecting the cross and with the left button pressed you can choose the desired view. So with the pressure of Terrain I update the Preview. Possibly can enlarge or reduce the Map View using the Zoom button, for greater precision.
Also write that the circle around the cameras indicates the beginning of the haze, there are two types (haze and fog) linked to the altitude. Would also add that the camera height is editable through the Motion Editor panel.


The sun

Let's see that changing the position of the sun from the Motion Editor. Press the SUN button at the bottom right and set the time and the date. Longitude and latitude are automatically obtained by the program. Always open the View Arc command from the Motion Editor panel, an item present in the Parameter List box.

Once again confirm everything with Keep and then save again.


Animation

The animation part is not left-back and also occupies a window. The settings possibilities are enormous. A time line with dragging functions (&quot;slide&quot;, &quot;drag&quot;...) comparable to that of LightWave completes this window. 


A small window is available for positioning the stars as a function of a date, in order to vary the seasons and their various events (and yes...).

At the bottom of the &quot;Motion-Editor&quot;, a &quot;cam-view&quot; function will give you access to a control panel. Different preview modes are possible. The rendering is also accessible through a window. No less than nine pages compose it. At this level, you will be able to determine the backup name of your images (&quot;path&quot;), the type of texture to be calculated, the resolution of the images, activate or deactivate functions such as the depth buffer (&quot;zbuffer&quot;), the blur, the background image, etc.


Once all these parameters have been set, all you have to do is click on the &quot;Render&quot; button.

For rendering go to Modules and then Render. Select the resolution, then under IMA select the name of the image. Move to FRA and indicate the level of fractal detail which of 4 is quite good. Then Keep to confirm and then reopen the window, pressing Render you will see the result. The image will be opened with any viewing program.


Strengths:

* Multi-window.
* Quality of rendering.
* Accuracy.
* Opening, preview and rendering on CyberGraphX screen.
* Extract / Convert Interp DEM, Import DLG, DXF, WDB and export LW map 3d formats 
* The &quot;zbuffer&quot; function.

Weaknesses:

* No OpenGL management 
* Calculation time.
* No network computing tool.


====Writing CD / DVD - Frying Pan====

Can be backup DVDs (4GB ISO size limit due to use of FileInfoBlock), create audio cds from mp3's, and put .iso files on discs

If using for the first time - click Drive button and Device set to ata.device and unit to 0 (zero)

Click Tracks Button - Drive 1 - Create New Disc or Import Existing Disc Image (iso bin/cue etc.) - Session File open cue file

If you're making a data cd, with files and drawers from your hard drive, you should be using the ISO Builder.. which is the MUI page on the left. (&quot;Data/Audio Tracks&quot; is on the right).

You should use the &quot;Data/Audio tracks&quot; page if you want to create music cds with AIFF/WAV/MP3 files, or if you download an .iso file, and you want to put it on a cd.

Click WRITE Button - set write speed - click on long Write button

Examples

Easiest way would be to burn a DATA CD, simply go to &quot;Tracks&quot; page &quot;ISO Builder&quot; and &quot;ADD&quot; everything you need to burn.

On the &quot;Write&quot; page i have &quot;Masterize Disc (DAO)&quot;, &quot;Close Disc&quot; and &quot;Eject after Write&quot; set.

One must not &quot;Blank disc before write&quot; if one uses a CDR


AUDIO CD from MP3's are as easy but tricky to deal with. FP only understands one MP3 format, Layer II, everything else will just create empty tracks

Burning bootable CD's works only with .iso files. Go to &quot;Tracks&quot; page and &quot;Data/Audio Tracks&quot; and add the .iso


====odf====

Every ODF file is a collection of several subdocuments within a package (ZIP file), each of which stores part of the complete document.

* content.xml – Document content and automatic styles used in the content.
* styles.xml – Styles used in the document content and automatic styles used in the styles themselves.
* meta.xml – Document meta information, such as the author or the time of the last save action.
* settings.xml – Application-specific settings, such as the window size or printer information.


To read document follow these steps:

* Extracting .ods file.
* Getting content.xml file (which contains sheets data).
* Creating XmlDocument object from content.xml file.
* Creating DataSet (that represent Spreadsheet file).
* With XmlDocument select “table:table” elements, and then create adequate DataTables.
* Parse child’s of “table:table” element and fill DataTables with those data.
* At the end, return DataSet and show it in application’s interface.


To write document follow these steps:

* Extracting template.ods file (.ods file that we use as template).
* Getting content.xml file.
* Creating XmlDocument object from content.xml file.
* Erasing all “table:table” elements from the content.xml file.
* Reading data from our DataSet and composing adequate “table:table” elements.
* Adding “table:table” elements to content.xml file.
* Zipping that file as new .ods file.

XLS file format

The XLS file format contains streams, substreams, and records.

These sheet substreams include worksheets, macro sheets, chart sheets, dialog sheets, and VBA module sheets. 
All the records in an XLS document start with a 2-byte unsigned integer to specify Record Type (rt), and another for Count of Bytes (cb). A record cannot exceed 8224 bytes. If larger than the rest is stored in one or more continue records.

* Workbook stream 
**Globals substream
***BoundSheet8 record - info for Worksheet substream i.e. name, location, type, and visibility. (4bytes the lbPlyPos FilePointer, specifies the position in the Workbook stream where the sheet substream starts) 
**Worksheet substream (sheet) - Cell Table - Row record - Cells (2byte=row 2byte=column 2byte=XF format)
***Blank cell record
***RK cell record 32-bit number. 
***BoolErr cell record (2-byte Bes structure that may be either a Boolean value or an error code)
***Number cell record (64-bit floating-point number)
***LabelSst cell record (4-byte integer that specifies a string in the Shared Strings Table (SST). Specifically, the integer corresponds to the array index in the RGB field of the SST)
***Formula cell record (FormulaValue structure in the 8 bytes that follow the cell structure. The next 6 bytes can be ignored, and the rest of the record is a CellParsedFormula structure that contains the formula itself)
***MulBlank record (first 2 bytes give the row, and the next 2 bytes give the column that the series of blanks starts at. Next, a variable length array of cell structures follows to store formatting information, and the last 2 bytes show what column the series of blanks ends on)
***MulRK record 
***Shared String Table (SST) contains all of the string values in the workbook.

ACCRINT(), ACCRINTM(), AMORDEGRC(), AMORLINC(), 
COUPDAYBS(), COUPDAYS(), COUPDAYSNC(), COUPNCD(), COUPNUM(), COUPPCD(), 
CUMIPMT(), CUMPRINC(), 
DB(), DDB(), DISC(), 
DOLLARDE(), DOLLARFR(), 
DURATION(), EFFECT(), FV(), FVSCHEDULE(), 
INTRATE(), IPMT(), IRR(), ISPMT(), MDURATION(), MIRR(), NOMINAL(), NPER(), NPV(), 
ODDFPRICE(), ODDFYIELD(), ODDLPRICE(), ODDLYIELD(), 
PMT(), PPMT(), PRICE(), PRICEDISC(), PRICEMAT(), PV(), RATE(), 
RECEIVED(), SLN(), SYD(), TBILLEQ(), TBILLPRICE(), TBILLYIELD(), 
VDB(), XIRR(), XNPV(), YIELD(), YIELDDISC(), YIELDMAT(),


&lt;pre&gt;
&lt;/pre&gt;


&lt;pre&gt;
&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;
&lt;/pre&gt;

{{BookCat}}</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Professionalism</title>
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      <timestamp>2026-11-04T21:07:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>GbergertSTS</username>
        <id>3580060</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Added &quot;Kathryn Spiers, Laurence Berland, Google, and IRI Consultants&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="16254" sha1="5vmeh0t8bdajbp3jks3eju9lmac344q" xml:space="preserve">{{DISPLAYTITLE:Cases and Ideas in Professional Ethics}}
{{book search|prefix=Professionalism}}
{{clear}}
== Table of Contents ==

&lt;!-- -When adding entries, please place them in this format: [[/MyPage/]]. Similarly, these entries' titles should start with &quot;Professionalism/MyPage&quot;, not &quot;MyPage&quot;. --&gt;
* [[Professionalism/Foreword|Foreword]]
&lt;div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;width:49%;float:left&quot;&gt;
;Biomedical Engineering

* [[/HeLa Cells and Timeless Ethics/]]
* [[/Cheryl Eckard and GlaxoSmithKline/]]
* [[/Fishbein and the NIH/]]
* [[/Matthias Rath and Cellular Medicine/]]
* [[/Frances Oldham Kelsey and Thalidomide/]]
* [[/The Guatemala Syphilis Experiment/]]
* [[/Peter Buxtun and the Tuskegee Syphilis Study/]]
* [[/Purdue Pharma and OxyContin/]]
* [[/David Franklin, Parke-Davis, and Neurontin/]]
* [[/Vioxx: Merck and the FDA/]]
* [[/Love Canal, New York/]]
* [[/Kenneth Kendrick and Peanuts/]]
* [[/Peter Rost and Pfizer/]]
* [[/Resistance to Polio Vaccination in Northern Nigeria/]]
* [[/Kunal Saha and the World Bank/]]
* [[/Hwang Woo-suk and Stem Cells/]]
* [[/Eli Lilly and Zyprexa/]]
* [[/Kit Foshee and Beef Product Incorporated/]]
* [[/Andrew Wakefield and the MMR Vaccine/]]
* [[/Medical Ghostwriting/]]
* [[/Conrad Gorinsky, the Wapishana, and Biopiracy/]]
* [[/Victoria Hampshire and Lester Crawford/]]
* [[/Luk Van Parijs and Data Fabrication/]]
* [[/Martin Shkreli, Turing Pharmaceuticals, and Daraprim/]]
* [[/Metal-on-Metal Hip Implants/]]
* [[/Tyler Shultz, Elizabeth Holmes, and Theranos/]]
* [[/The FDA Nine/]]
* [[/April Evans and NASA/]]
* [[/Krebiozen/]]
* [[/Jonathan Lundgren and USDA/]]
* [[/Martin Keller, SmithKline Beecham, and Study 329/]]
* [[/Fen-Phen and American Home Products/]]
* [[/The Disneyland Measles Outbreak of 2014-2015/]]
* [[/Rhona Applebaum, Coca-Cola, and Health Research/]]
* [[/Yoshitaka Fujii and Medical Research Fraud/]]
* [[/Shiv Chopra and Livestock/]]
* [[/Medicine, AI, and Professional Discretion/]]
* [[/Stanley Pons, Martin Fleischmann, and Cold Fusion/]]
* [[/Dr Daniel Merenstein, Medical Screening, and Professional Discretion/]]
* [[/Vicky Phelan, Grainne Flanelly, David Gibbons, and Cervical Check/]]
* [[/PIP and Silopren/]]
* [[/He Jiankui and Designer Babies/]]
* [[/Insulin: The Deadly Price/]]
* [[/Ethics in Organ Allocation/]]

;Chemical Engineering

* [[/OSHA and the Pitkin, LA, Explosion/]]
* [[/Union Carbide and Bhopal/]]
* [[/Myron Mehlman and Mobil Corporation/]]
* [[/Times Beach, Missouri/]]
* [[/Frederic Whitehurst and the FBI/]]
* [[/Jeffrey Wigand and Brown &amp; Williamson/]]
* [[/Deborah Rice and the American Chemistry Council/]]
* [[/Mark Whitacre and Archer Daniels Midland/]]
* [[/Manjunath Shanmughan and the Indian Oil Corporation/]]
* [[/BP Texas City Refinery Explosion/]]
* [[/Mectizan Donation Program/]]
* [[/Freedom Industries and the Elk River/]]
* [[/PEPCON Ammonium Perchlorate Plant Explosion/]]
* [[/The Valero Refinery Fire/]]
* [[/Gepp, Dee, and Lentz, and the leak at Aberdeen Proving Ground/]]
* [[/The Case of Marlene Garcia-Esperat/]] 
* [[/Greenpeace, Donors Trust, and climate change research/]]
* [[/Lenny Bernstein, Exxon, and Climate Change/]]
* [[/Raymond Orbach, Charles Groat, and Fracking Research/]]
* [[/Tianjin Chemical Storage Explosions/]]
* [[/Arthur Galston and Agent Orange/]]
* [[/Toxic Gas Releases at Honeywell’s Baton Rouge Refrigerant Plant/]]
* [[/Mona Hanna-Attisha and Lead Exposure in Flint, Michigan/]]
* [[/DuPont, C8, and Parkersburg, West Virginia/]]
* [[/Thomas Midgely Jr. and the Rise and Fall of Tetraethyl Lead/]]
* [[/Port of Beirut Chemical Explosion/]]

;Civil Engineering

* [[/Boston's Big Dig Project/]]
* [[/Bruce Boler and the EPA/]]
* [[/Collapse of the Francis Scott Key Bridge/]]
* [[/Collapse of the TV Antenna in Missouri City, Texas/]]
* [[/Collapse of the “Swinging Bridge,” Heber Springs, Arkansas/]]
* [[/Ed Turner and the City of Idaho Falls/]]
* [[/Evan Vokes and TransCanada/]]
* [[/The Flint Water Supply/]]
* [[/Jack Gillum and the Hyatt Regency Skywalks/]]
* [[/Manoj Kumar Gupta and Shiv Das/]]
* [[/Satyendra Dubey and the National Highways Authority of India/]]
* [[/URS and the I-35 Bridge/]]
* [[/William LeMessurier and the CitiCorp Building/]]
* [[/The GE Three/]]
* [[/San Bruno Pipeline Explosion/]]
* [[/FIU Pedestrian Bridge Collapse/]]
* [[Professionalism/Collapse of the Morandi Bridge|Collapse of the Morandi Bridge]]

;Computer Science and Engineering

* [[/Aaron Swartz and Information Freedom/]]
* [[/Eric Raymond and Open Source Software/]]
* [[/Shawn Carpenter and Sandia National Laboratories/]]
* [[/Mark Klein and Room 641A/]]
* [[/Therac-25/]]
* [[/Kevin Mitnick/]]
* [[/BitTorrent and BitCoin/]]
* [[/Kim Dotcom and Megaupload/]]
* [[/Suchir Balaji and OpenAI/]]
* [[/Yasser Elabd and Microsoft/]]
* [[/Sockpuppetry/]]
* [[/Lulzsec/]]
* [[/Corruption at the National Security Agency/]]
* [[/ChatGPT and the New York City Department of Education/]]
* [[/Edward Snowden and the NSA/]]
* [[/Google Street View and Wi-Spy/]]
* [[/The Death of Elaine Herzberg/]]
* [[/Response to Sony Hack of 2014/]]
* [[/Ariane 5 Flight 501/]]
* [[/David Barksdale and Digital Privacy/]]
* [[/Ellen Pao, Reddit, and the trolls/]]
* [[/Phillip Rogaway, Computer Scientists, and Government Surveillance/]]
* [[/Honest Shanghai/]]
* [[/Thorlaug Agustsdottir: Free Speech and Abuse on Social Media/]]
* [[/Apple, the FBI, Personal Data/]]
* [[/Tor, CMU, and the FBI/]]
* [[/Volkswagen's Emissions Scandal/]]
* [[/Predictive Policing/]]
* [[/Zenimax v. Oculus VR/]]
* [[/Geofeedia, Social Media, and Law Enforcement/]]
* [[/Margaret Goodearl, Ruth Ibarra, and Hughes Microelectronics/]]
* [[/Apple Batteries: Transparency, Trust, and Technology/]]
* [[/Vigilant Solutions, Law Enforcement, and Privacy/]]
* [[/Justin Rosenstein and the Like Button/]]
* [[/Tristan Harris, Time Well Spent, and Smartphones/]]
* [[/The Equifax Data Leak/]]
* [[/Chamath Palihapitiya and Facebook/]]
* [[/Ashok Chandwaney, Sophie Zhang, and Facebook/]]
* [[/Knightscope and Autonomous Data Machines/]]
* [[/Cody Wilson and the Liberator/]]
* [[/The Firing of James Damore/]]
* [[/The Right to Repair/]]
* [[/Apple, iPhone Software, and Planned Obsolescence/]]
* [[/Amazon, Rekognition, and Law Enforcement/]]
* [[/The 2015 Open Letter in Autonomous Weapons /]]
* [[/Microsoft Employees, Project JEDI, and HoloLens/]]
* [[/Mike Davidson, Rahul Vohra, and Superhuman/]]
* [[/The Rise and Fall of the Advanced Technology External Advisory Council/]]
* [[/Google Employees and Project Maven/]]
* [[/Andy Rubin, Google, and Sexual Harassment in Tech/]]
* [[/Data Ownership/]]
* [[/Software Vulnerability Disclosure/]]
* [[/Ian Bogost, Nadia Eghbal, and Software Engineers/]]
* [[/Barry Lynn, New America Foundation, and Google/]]
* [[/The Google Walkouts of 2018/]]
* [[/Parler and the Capitol Insurrection of 2021/]]
* [[/Timnit Gebru and Ethical AI at Google/]]
* [[/Tom Yardic and Blue Cross Blue Shield of Minnesota/]]
* [[/The GitHub Employee Dismissal of January 8, 2021/]]
* [[/Suspension of @realDonaldTrump/]]
* [[/Sexism, Riot Games, and a Class Action Lawsuit/]]
* [[/Cher Scarlett and Tech Labor Advocacy/]]
* [[/Rebekah Jones, Ron DeSantis, and the Florida Department of Health/]]
* [[/Tang Mingfang, Foxconn, and Amazon/]]
* [[/Facebook, Cambridge Analytica, and User Data/]]
* [[/Frances Haugen and Facebook/]]
* [[/Labor Organizing at Google/]]
* [[/Thomas le Bonniec and Siri/]]
* [[/Rudwin Ayala, the Exploding Hoverboard, and Abuse of AI by Lawyers/]]
* [[/The US Tech Sector, the H-1B Visa, and Employment Abuse/]]
* [[/Ifeoma Ozoma and Pinterest/]]
* [[/OpenAI, Corporate Integrity, and the Firing of Sam Altman/]]
* [[Professionalism/Mark Zuckerberg, Corporate Culture, and &quot;Masculine Energy&quot;|Mark Zuckerberg, Corporate Culture, and &quot;Masculine Energy&quot;]]
* [[Professionalism/Mobley v. Workday and the Ethics of Algorithmic Hiring|Mobley v. Workday and the Ethics of Algorithmic Hiring]]
* [[Professionalism/Kathryn Spiers, Laurence Berland, Google, and IRI Consultants|Kathryn Spiers, Laurence Berland, Google, and IRI Consultants]]

;Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering

* [[/Mars Climate Orbiter/]]
* [[/Air France Flight 447/]]
* [[Professionalism/Air India Flight 171|Air India Flight 171]]
* [[/Ernest Fitzgerald and the Lockheed C-5A/]]
* [[/Rodney Rocha and Columbia/]]
* [[/The Ford Pinto Gas Tank Controversy/]]
* [[/The Toyota Recalls of 2009-2010/]]
* [[/Mark Lund and the FAA/]]
* [[/The Explosion on ''Deepwater Horizon''/]]
* [[/Roger Boisjoly, Morton Thiokol, and NASA/]]
* [[/LaMia Flight 2933/]]
* [[/The Loss of USS Thresher/]]
* [[/Apollo 1/]]
* [[/Apollo 13/]]
* [[/Iridium 33 and Kosmos 2251/]]
* [[/David Lappa and the Lawrence Livermore National Lab/]]
* [[/Northeast Blackout of 2003/]]
* [[/The Loss of Ocean Ranger/]]
* [[/China Airlines Flight 611/]]
* [[/Chesley Sullenberger and US Airways Flight 1549/]]
* [[/Vince Weldon and the 787/]]
* [[/Don Baker and Smart Meters/]]
* [[/John Houbolt and Lunar Orbit Rendezvous/]]
* [[/Takata Corporation and Airbags/]]
* [[/Tom Williams and the Wings of the A380/]]
* [[/TWA Flight 800/]]
* [[/Larry Gibson and Mountaintop Removal/]]
* [[/Poppy Northcutt, Apollo, and Women in Tech/]]
* [[/William McNeilly and Trident/]]
* [[/The Loss of Petrobras Platform 36/]]
* [[/Richard Perkins and the NRC/]]
* [[/Joseph Mangan and the A380/]]

;Systems and Information Engineering

* [[/Salvador Castro and Air-Shields, Inc/]]
* [[/The Aviation Safety Reporting System/]]
* [[/Ladbroke Grove Rail Collision/]]
* [[/The MGM Grand Hotel Fire/]]
* [[/William Sanjour and the EPA/]]
* [[/Fort Totten Metro Crash/]]
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;width:49%;float:left;padding:0 0 0 2%&quot;&gt;
;Nuclear Engineering

* [[/Rusi Taleyarkhan and Bubble Fusion/]]
* [[/George Galatis and Millstone 1/]]
* [[/Chernobyl Disaster/]]
* [[/Walter Tamosaitis and the Hanford Site/]]

;Other Cases in Professional Ethics

* [[/The Mysterious Death of Dr. Ramin Pourandarjani/]]
* [[/Alexander Coward and the UC Berkeley Department of Mathematics/]]
* [[/Archer Blood and the Blood Telegram/]]
* [[/The U.N. and Cholera in Haiti/]]
* [[/Ethics and ADHD Diagnosis/]]
* [[/John Stumpf, Wells Fargo, and Salesmanship/]]
* [[/A Matter of Honor: Lou Bloomfield and Academic Dishonesty/]]
* [[/Ball Don't Lie: The Moral Code of the NBA/]]
* [[/Cheating Scandal at Malmstrom Air Force Base/]]
* [[/Rolling Stone &amp; UVA: A Case on Professional Journalism/]]
* [[/Amy Stroupe and BB&amp;T/]]
* [[/Badminton Scandal of the 2012 Olympics/]]
* [[/Bernie Madoff's Ponzi Scheme/]]
* [[/The Bogdanov Affair/]]
* [[/BP's Response to the Deepwater Horizon Spill/]]
* [[/Bradley Birkenfeld, the UBS Whistle-blower/]]
* [[/Brett Crozier and the U.S. Navy/]]
* [[/Chelsea Manning: Integrity Vs. Professionalism/]]
* [[/British American Tobacco and the Promotion of Smoking/]]
* [[/Canadian Caper/]]
* [[/The Case of Bowe Bergdahl/]]
* [[/The Case of Juan Williams, Vivian Schiller, and Ellen Weiss/]]
* [[/Cynthia Cooper and Worldcom/]]
* [[/Dan Graves and ITT Educational Services/]]
* [[/Daniel Ellsberg and the Pentagon Papers/]]
* [[/David Lewis and EPA/]]
* [[/Dr Jeffrey Young et al. and University of Virginia Health System/]]
* [[/The Dismissal of President Teresa Sullivan/]]
* [[/Electronic Sports Ethics: Professionalism in an Unestablished Industry/]]
* [[/Frank Serpico and NYPD /]]
* [[/FDA and the Emergency Use Authorization /]]
* [[/Greenwashing/]]
* [[/Greg Smith, Goldman Sachs and the New York Times/]]
* [[/Hillsborough Disaster/]]
* [[/Hugh Thompson, William Calley, and the My Lai Massacre/]]
* [[/Huy Fong Foods, Sriracha, and the City of Irwindale/]]
* [[/Jane Akre, Steve Wilson, and Posilac/]]
* [[/Jeffrey Sterling and Operation Merlin/]]
* [[/Joe Darby, Samuel Provance, and Abu Ghraib/]]
* [[/Joe Paterno and the Penn State Board of Trustees/]]
* [[/Joel Clement and the Department of the Interior/]]
* [[/Jordan Belfort and Stratton Oakmont/]]
* [[/Johnson &amp; Johnson's Response to the 1982 Tylenol Poisonings/]]
* [[/Julia Bluhm, SPARK, and Seventeen Magazine/]]
* [[/Julia Davis and the Department of Homeland Security/]]
* [[/Justin Hopson and the Lords of Discipline/]]
* [[/Kennedy, Clinton, and Changing Norms of Journalism/]]
* [[/Lance Armstrong, the Tour de France, and a Culture of Cheating/]]
* [[/Lou van den Dries, George Orwell, and Mandatory Ethics Training/]]
* [[/The Mann Gulch Fire/]]
* [[/Marc Hauser and Research Fraud/]]
* [[/Marsha Coleman-Adebayo and EPA/]]
* [[/Michael de Guzman and the Bre-X Scandal/]]
* [[/Michael Mann, Ken Cuccinelli, and the Hockey Stick/]]
* [[/Michael Woodford and Olympus/]]
* [[/Operation Red Wings and the Rules of Engagement/]]
* [[/Oscar Pistorius and the Rise of the Iron Man Era/]]
* [[/The Over Prosecution of Kurt Mix/]]
* [[/The Swatting of Andrew Finch/]]
* [[/The Work Climate at Google/]]
* [[/Pamela Davis and Operation Board Games/]]
* [[/Perry Fellwock and the NSA/]]
* [[/Piper Alpha Oil Rig Disaster/]]
* [[/Professionalism in Social Media /]]
* [[/Professionalism in ''The Intern''/]]
* [[/Ruth Marcus, Jeff Bezos, and The Washington Post/]]
* [[/Sean Hoare and Andy Coulson/]]
* [[/Sherron Watkins and Enron/]]
* [[/Sign Stealing in Major League Baseball/]]
* [[/Robert MacLean and Unsecured TSA Communication/]]
* [[/The Sokal Affair/]]
* [[/Southwest Airlines Flight Cancellations of December 2022/]]
* [[/Stanford Research Scandal/]]
* [[/Startup Deception/]]
* [[/Susan Fowler, Uber, and Workplace Sexual Harassment/]]
* [[/The Case of Wisheart, Dhasmana, and Roylance/]]
* [[/The Durham Fish Oil Trials/]]
* [[/The Pat Tillman case/]]
* [[/Typhoid Mary/]]
* [[/Jose Rodriguez and the CIA Interrogation Tapes/]]
* [[/YouTube Censorship/]]
* [[/Dr. Malachi Love-Robinson/]]
* [[/Driving for Uber/]]
* [[/Who Is an Engineer? Burton Siegal and the State of Illinois/]]
* [[/Monsanto's Seed Patents/]]
* [[/Conflict of Interest Wikipedia Editing: Sunshine Sachs and Jack Craver/]]
* [[/The Case of Daphne Caruana Galizia/]]
* [[/Anarchist Cookbook/]]
* [[/The Sinking of the Titanic/]]
* [[/Vtubers and the Ethics of Synthetic Media/]]
* [[/Tim Bray, Maren Costa, Emily Cunningham, and Amazon/]]
* [[/Fraud in U.S. Collegiate Athetics/]]
* [[/The Hippocratic Oath for Technologists/]]
* [[/The Johnson &amp; Johnson Baby Powder Case/]]
* [[/Avondale Mills, Norfolk Southern, and the E.P.A/]]

;Research Ethics

* [[/Alexandra Elbakyan and Sci-Hub/]]
* [[/Scott Reuben and Research Fraud/]]
* [[/Shih Chi Liu and the NSF/]]
* [[/Climategate/]]
* [[/Albert Costa, Janet Geipel, Ethics, and Language/]]
* [[/Sabotage In Academia/]]

;Thinkers, Ideas and Problems

* [[/Ethics and Autonomous AI/]]
* [[/Anita Sarkeesian, Women and Gaming/]]
* [[/The Dilbert Principle/]]
* [[/Office Ethics according to The Office/]]
* [[/Office Ethics according to Office Space/]]
* [[/E.F. Schumacher/]]
* [[/Ted Kaczynski/]]
* [[/Diffusion of Responsibility/]]
* [[/Irving Janis and Groupthink/]]
* [[/Bill Joy and Technological Risks/]]
* [[/Marketing of Pharmaceuticals/]]
* [[/Balancing Individual Rights vs Welfare of Society/]]
* [[/Pekka Himanen and The Hacker Ethic/]]
* [[/Hacktivism/]]
* [[/Nimbyism/]]
* [[/Valuing of Human Life in Risk Analysis/]]
* [[/The Precautionary Principle/]]
* [[/The IRS Whistleblowers Program/]]
* [[/Human subjects in clinical research/]]
* [[/Adderall in Academics/]]
* [[/Using Animals in Research/]]
* [[/James Shikwati and Aid to Africa/]]
* [[/Diane Vaughan and the normalization of deviance/]]
* [[/Defensive Medicine/]]
* [[/Drinking Culture in China/]]
* [[/Growth Hacking/]]
* [[/Moonlighting/]]
* [[/Corporate Psychopaths/]]
* [[/Salami Slicing and the Least Publishable Unit/]]
* [[/Stanford Prison Experiment/]]
* [[/Environmental Racism/]]
* [[/Restaurant Ethics according to Bob's Burgers/]]
* [[/Workplace Harassment Training/]]
* [[/Sexual Orientation Conversion Therapy/]]
* [[/Ikigai at Work/]]
* [[/The Right to Be Forgotten/]]
* [[/Voluntourism/]]
* [[/Thomas H. Murray/]]
* [[/Market Influences on Clinical Trials/]]
* [[/Norbert Wiener and the Expert’s Responsibility for Weapons/]]
* [[/Marc Andreessen and Techno-Optimism/]]

&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br style=&quot;clear:all&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
{{Shelves|general engineering|Class projects|Business}}
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      <id>4680065</id>
      <parentid>4680062</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-04T21:18:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kks9hk</username>
        <id>3578037</id>
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      <text bytes="16303" sha1="sge8wzi0fz0pfeox766se9mzrefl3x4" xml:space="preserve">{{DISPLAYTITLE:Cases and Ideas in Professional Ethics}}
{{book search|prefix=Professionalism}}
{{clear}}
== Table of Contents ==

&lt;!-- -When adding entries, please place them in this format: [[/MyPage/]]. Similarly, these entries' titles should start with &quot;Professionalism/MyPage&quot;, not &quot;MyPage&quot;. --&gt;
* [[Professionalism/Foreword|Foreword]]
&lt;div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;width:49%;float:left&quot;&gt;
;Biomedical Engineering

* [[/HeLa Cells and Timeless Ethics/]]
* [[/Cheryl Eckard and GlaxoSmithKline/]]
* [[/Fishbein and the NIH/]]
* [[/Matthias Rath and Cellular Medicine/]]
* [[/Frances Oldham Kelsey and Thalidomide/]]
* [[/The Guatemala Syphilis Experiment/]]
* [[/Peter Buxtun and the Tuskegee Syphilis Study/]]
* [[/Purdue Pharma and OxyContin/]]
* [[/David Franklin, Parke-Davis, and Neurontin/]]
* [[/Vioxx: Merck and the FDA/]]
* [[/Love Canal, New York/]]
* [[/Kenneth Kendrick and Peanuts/]]
* [[/Peter Rost and Pfizer/]]
* [[/Resistance to Polio Vaccination in Northern Nigeria/]]
* [[/Kunal Saha and the World Bank/]]
* [[/Hwang Woo-suk and Stem Cells/]]
* [[/Eli Lilly and Zyprexa/]]
* [[/Kit Foshee and Beef Product Incorporated/]]
* [[/Andrew Wakefield and the MMR Vaccine/]]
* [[/Medical Ghostwriting/]]
* [[/Conrad Gorinsky, the Wapishana, and Biopiracy/]]
* [[/Victoria Hampshire and Lester Crawford/]]
* [[/Luk Van Parijs and Data Fabrication/]]
* [[/Martin Shkreli, Turing Pharmaceuticals, and Daraprim/]]
* [[/Metal-on-Metal Hip Implants/]]
* [[/Tyler Shultz, Elizabeth Holmes, and Theranos/]]
* [[/The FDA Nine/]]
* [[/April Evans and NASA/]]
* [[/Krebiozen/]]
* [[/Jonathan Lundgren and USDA/]]
* [[/Martin Keller, SmithKline Beecham, and Study 329/]]
* [[/Fen-Phen and American Home Products/]]
* [[/The Disneyland Measles Outbreak of 2014-2015/]]
* [[/Rhona Applebaum, Coca-Cola, and Health Research/]]
* [[/Yoshitaka Fujii and Medical Research Fraud/]]
* [[/Shiv Chopra and Livestock/]]
* [[/Medicine, AI, and Professional Discretion/]]
* [[/Stanley Pons, Martin Fleischmann, and Cold Fusion/]]
* [[/Dr Daniel Merenstein, Medical Screening, and Professional Discretion/]]
* [[/Vicky Phelan, Grainne Flanelly, David Gibbons, and Cervical Check/]]
* [[/PIP and Silopren/]]
* [[/He Jiankui and Designer Babies/]]
* [[/Insulin: The Deadly Price/]]
* [[/Ethics in Organ Allocation/]]

;Chemical Engineering

* [[/OSHA and the Pitkin, LA, Explosion/]]
* [[/Union Carbide and Bhopal/]]
* [[/Myron Mehlman and Mobil Corporation/]]
* [[/Times Beach, Missouri/]]
* [[/Frederic Whitehurst and the FBI/]]
* [[/Jeffrey Wigand and Brown &amp; Williamson/]]
* [[/Deborah Rice and the American Chemistry Council/]]
* [[/Mark Whitacre and Archer Daniels Midland/]]
* [[/Manjunath Shanmughan and the Indian Oil Corporation/]]
* [[/BP Texas City Refinery Explosion/]]
* [[/Mectizan Donation Program/]]
* [[/Freedom Industries and the Elk River/]]
* [[/PEPCON Ammonium Perchlorate Plant Explosion/]]
* [[/The Valero Refinery Fire/]]
* [[/Gepp, Dee, and Lentz, and the leak at Aberdeen Proving Ground/]]
* [[/The Case of Marlene Garcia-Esperat/]] 
* [[/Greenpeace, Donors Trust, and climate change research/]]
* [[/Lenny Bernstein, Exxon, and Climate Change/]]
* [[/Raymond Orbach, Charles Groat, and Fracking Research/]]
* [[/Tianjin Chemical Storage Explosions/]]
* [[/Arthur Galston and Agent Orange/]]
* [[/Toxic Gas Releases at Honeywell’s Baton Rouge Refrigerant Plant/]]
* [[/Mona Hanna-Attisha and Lead Exposure in Flint, Michigan/]]
* [[/DuPont, C8, and Parkersburg, West Virginia/]]
* [[/Thomas Midgely Jr. and the Rise and Fall of Tetraethyl Lead/]]
* [[/Port of Beirut Chemical Explosion/]]

;Civil Engineering

* [[/Boston's Big Dig Project/]]
* [[/Bruce Boler and the EPA/]]
* [[/Collapse of the Francis Scott Key Bridge/]]
* [[/Collapse of the TV Antenna in Missouri City, Texas/]]
* [[/Collapse of the “Swinging Bridge,” Heber Springs, Arkansas/]]
* [[/Ed Turner and the City of Idaho Falls/]]
* [[/Evan Vokes and TransCanada/]]
* [[/The Flint Water Supply/]]
* [[/Jack Gillum and the Hyatt Regency Skywalks/]]
* [[/Manoj Kumar Gupta and Shiv Das/]]
* [[/Satyendra Dubey and the National Highways Authority of India/]]
* [[/URS and the I-35 Bridge/]]
* [[/William LeMessurier and the CitiCorp Building/]]
* [[/The GE Three/]]
* [[/San Bruno Pipeline Explosion/]]
* [[/FIU Pedestrian Bridge Collapse/]]
* [[Professionalism/Collapse of the Morandi Bridge|Collapse of the Morandi Bridge]]

;Computer Science and Engineering

* [[/Aaron Swartz and Information Freedom/]]
* [[/Eric Raymond and Open Source Software/]]
* [[/Shawn Carpenter and Sandia National Laboratories/]]
* [[/Mark Klein and Room 641A/]]
* [[/Therac-25/]]
* [[/Kevin Mitnick/]]
* [[/BitTorrent and BitCoin/]]
* [[/Kim Dotcom and Megaupload/]]
* [[/Suchir Balaji and OpenAI/]]
* [[/Yasser Elabd and Microsoft/]]
* [[/Sockpuppetry/]]
* [[/Lulzsec/]]
* [[/Corruption at the National Security Agency/]]
* [[/ChatGPT and the New York City Department of Education/]]
* [[/Edward Snowden and the NSA/]]
* [[/Google Street View and Wi-Spy/]]
* [[/The Death of Elaine Herzberg/]]
* [[/Response to Sony Hack of 2014/]]
* [[/Ariane 5 Flight 501/]]
* [[/David Barksdale and Digital Privacy/]]
* [[/Ellen Pao, Reddit, and the trolls/]]
* [[/Phillip Rogaway, Computer Scientists, and Government Surveillance/]]
* [[/Honest Shanghai/]]
* [[/Thorlaug Agustsdottir: Free Speech and Abuse on Social Media/]]
* [[/Apple, the FBI, Personal Data/]]
* [[/Tor, CMU, and the FBI/]]
* [[/Volkswagen's Emissions Scandal/]]
* [[/Predictive Policing/]]
* [[/Zenimax v. Oculus VR/]]
* [[/Geofeedia, Social Media, and Law Enforcement/]]
* [[/Margaret Goodearl, Ruth Ibarra, and Hughes Microelectronics/]]
* [[/Apple Batteries: Transparency, Trust, and Technology/]]
* [[/Vigilant Solutions, Law Enforcement, and Privacy/]]
* [[/Justin Rosenstein and the Like Button/]]
* [[/Tristan Harris, Time Well Spent, and Smartphones/]]
* [[/The Equifax Data Leak/]]
* [[/Chamath Palihapitiya and Facebook/]]
* [[/Ashok Chandwaney, Sophie Zhang, and Facebook/]]
* [[/Knightscope and Autonomous Data Machines/]]
* [[/Cody Wilson and the Liberator/]]
* [[/The Firing of James Damore/]]
* [[/The Right to Repair/]]
* [[/Apple, iPhone Software, and Planned Obsolescence/]]
* [[/Amazon, Rekognition, and Law Enforcement/]]
* [[/The 2015 Open Letter in Autonomous Weapons /]]
* [[/Microsoft Employees, Project JEDI, and HoloLens/]]
* [[/Mike Davidson, Rahul Vohra, and Superhuman/]]
* [[/The Rise and Fall of the Advanced Technology External Advisory Council/]]
* [[/Google Employees and Project Maven/]]
* [[/Andy Rubin, Google, and Sexual Harassment in Tech/]]
* [[/Data Ownership/]]
* [[/Software Vulnerability Disclosure/]]
* [[/Ian Bogost, Nadia Eghbal, and Software Engineers/]]
* [[/Barry Lynn, New America Foundation, and Google/]]
* [[/The Google Walkouts of 2018/]]
* [[/Parler and the Capitol Insurrection of 2021/]]
* [[/Timnit Gebru and Ethical AI at Google/]]
* [[/Tom Yardic and Blue Cross Blue Shield of Minnesota/]]
* [[/The GitHub Employee Dismissal of January 8, 2021/]]
* [[/Suspension of @realDonaldTrump/]]
* [[/Sexism, Riot Games, and a Class Action Lawsuit/]]
* [[/Cher Scarlett and Tech Labor Advocacy/]]
* [[/Rebekah Jones, Ron DeSantis, and the Florida Department of Health/]]
* [[/Tang Mingfang, Foxconn, and Amazon/]]
* [[/Facebook, Cambridge Analytica, and User Data/]]
* [[/Frances Haugen and Facebook/]]
* [[/Labor Organizing at Google/]]
* [[/Thomas le Bonniec and Siri/]]
* [[/Rudwin Ayala, the Exploding Hoverboard, and Abuse of AI by Lawyers/]]
* [[/The US Tech Sector, the H-1B Visa, and Employment Abuse/]]
* [[/Ifeoma Ozoma and Pinterest/]]
* [[/OpenAI, Corporate Integrity, and the Firing of Sam Altman/]]
* [[Professionalism/Mark Zuckerberg, Corporate Culture, and &quot;Masculine Energy&quot;|Mark Zuckerberg, Corporate Culture, and &quot;Masculine Energy&quot;]]
* [[Professionalism/Mobley v. Workday and the Ethics of Algorithmic Hiring|Mobley v. Workday and the Ethics of Algorithmic Hiring]]
* [[Professionalism/Kathryn Spiers, Laurence Berland, Google, and IRI Consultants|Kathryn Spiers, Laurence Berland, Google, and IRI Consultants]]

;Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering

* [[/Mars Climate Orbiter/]]
* [[/Air France Flight 447/]]
* [[Professionalism/Air India Flight 171|Air India Flight 171]]
* [[/Ernest Fitzgerald and the Lockheed C-5A/]]
* [[/Rodney Rocha and Columbia/]]
* [[/The Ford Pinto Gas Tank Controversy/]]
* [[/The Toyota Recalls of 2009-2010/]]
* [[/Mark Lund and the FAA/]]
* [[/The Explosion on ''Deepwater Horizon''/]]
* [[/Roger Boisjoly, Morton Thiokol, and NASA/]]
* [[/LaMia Flight 2933/]]
* [[/The Loss of USS Thresher/]]
* [[/Apollo 1/]]
* [[/Apollo 13/]]
* [[/Iridium 33 and Kosmos 2251/]]
* [[/David Lappa and the Lawrence Livermore National Lab/]]
* [[/Northeast Blackout of 2003/]]
* [[/The Loss of Ocean Ranger/]]
* [[/China Airlines Flight 611/]]
* [[/Chesley Sullenberger and US Airways Flight 1549/]]
* [[/Vince Weldon and the 787/]]
* [[/Don Baker and Smart Meters/]]
* [[/John Houbolt and Lunar Orbit Rendezvous/]]
* [[/Takata Corporation and Airbags/]]
* [[/Tom Williams and the Wings of the A380/]]
* [[/TWA Flight 800/]]
* [[/Larry Gibson and Mountaintop Removal/]]
* [[/Poppy Northcutt, Apollo, and Women in Tech/]]
* [[/William McNeilly and Trident/]]
* [[/The Loss of Petrobras Platform 36/]]
* [[/Richard Perkins and the NRC/]]
* [[/Joseph Mangan and the A380/]]

;Systems and Information Engineering

* [[/Salvador Castro and Air-Shields, Inc/]]
* [[/The Aviation Safety Reporting System/]]
* [[/Ladbroke Grove Rail Collision/]]
* [[/The MGM Grand Hotel Fire/]]
* [[/William Sanjour and the EPA/]]
* [[/Fort Totten Metro Crash/]]
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;width:49%;float:left;padding:0 0 0 2%&quot;&gt;
;Nuclear Engineering

* [[/Rusi Taleyarkhan and Bubble Fusion/]]
* [[/George Galatis and Millstone 1/]]
* [[/Chernobyl Disaster/]]
* [[/Walter Tamosaitis and the Hanford Site/]]

;Other Cases in Professional Ethics

* [[/The Mysterious Death of Dr. Ramin Pourandarjani/]]
* [[/Alexander Coward and the UC Berkeley Department of Mathematics/]]
* [[/Archer Blood and the Blood Telegram/]]
* [[/The U.N. and Cholera in Haiti/]]
* [[/Ethics and ADHD Diagnosis/]]
* [[/John Stumpf, Wells Fargo, and Salesmanship/]]
* [[/A Matter of Honor: Lou Bloomfield and Academic Dishonesty/]]
* [[/Ball Don't Lie: The Moral Code of the NBA/]]
* [[/Cheating Scandal at Malmstrom Air Force Base/]]
* [[/Rolling Stone &amp; UVA: A Case on Professional Journalism/]]
* [[/Amy Stroupe and BB&amp;T/]]
* [[/Badminton Scandal of the 2012 Olympics/]]
* [[/Bernie Madoff's Ponzi Scheme/]]
* [[/The Bogdanov Affair/]]
* [[/BP's Response to the Deepwater Horizon Spill/]]
* [[/Bradley Birkenfeld, the UBS Whistle-blower/]]
* [[/Brett Crozier and the U.S. Navy/]]
* [[/Chelsea Manning: Integrity Vs. Professionalism/]]
* [[/British American Tobacco and the Promotion of Smoking/]]
* [[/Canadian Caper/]]
* [[/The Case of Bowe Bergdahl/]]
* [[/The Case of Juan Williams, Vivian Schiller, and Ellen Weiss/]]
* [[/Cynthia Cooper and Worldcom/]]
* [[/Dan Graves and ITT Educational Services/]]
* [[/Daniel Ellsberg and the Pentagon Papers/]]
* [[/David Lewis and EPA/]]
* [[/Dr Jeffrey Young et al. and University of Virginia Health System/]]
* [[/The Dismissal of President Teresa Sullivan/]]
* [[/Electronic Sports Ethics: Professionalism in an Unestablished Industry/]]
* [[/Frank Serpico and NYPD /]]
* [[/FDA and the Emergency Use Authorization /]]
* [[/Greenwashing/]]
* [[/Greg Smith, Goldman Sachs and the New York Times/]]
* [[/Hillsborough Disaster/]]
* [[/Hugh Thompson, William Calley, and the My Lai Massacre/]]
* [[/Huy Fong Foods, Sriracha, and the City of Irwindale/]]
* [[/Jane Akre, Steve Wilson, and Posilac/]]
* [[/Jeffrey Sterling and Operation Merlin/]]
* [[/Joe Darby, Samuel Provance, and Abu Ghraib/]]
* [[/Joe Paterno and the Penn State Board of Trustees/]]
* [[/Joel Clement and the Department of the Interior/]]
* [[/Jordan Belfort and Stratton Oakmont/]]
* [[/Johnson &amp; Johnson's Response to the 1982 Tylenol Poisonings/]]
* [[/Julia Bluhm, SPARK, and Seventeen Magazine/]]
* [[/Julia Davis and the Department of Homeland Security/]]
* [[/Justin Hopson and the Lords of Discipline/]]
* [[/Kennedy, Clinton, and Changing Norms of Journalism/]]
* [[/Lance Armstrong, the Tour de France, and a Culture of Cheating/]]
* [[/Lou van den Dries, George Orwell, and Mandatory Ethics Training/]]
* [[/LinkedIn and Professional Self-Promotion/]]
* [[/The Mann Gulch Fire/]]
* [[/Marc Hauser and Research Fraud/]]
* [[/Marsha Coleman-Adebayo and EPA/]]
* [[/Michael de Guzman and the Bre-X Scandal/]]
* [[/Michael Mann, Ken Cuccinelli, and the Hockey Stick/]]
* [[/Michael Woodford and Olympus/]]
* [[/Operation Red Wings and the Rules of Engagement/]]
* [[/Oscar Pistorius and the Rise of the Iron Man Era/]]
* [[/The Over Prosecution of Kurt Mix/]]
* [[/The Swatting of Andrew Finch/]]
* [[/The Work Climate at Google/]]
* [[/Pamela Davis and Operation Board Games/]]
* [[/Perry Fellwock and the NSA/]]
* [[/Piper Alpha Oil Rig Disaster/]]
* [[/Professionalism in Social Media /]]
* [[/Professionalism in ''The Intern''/]]
* [[/Ruth Marcus, Jeff Bezos, and The Washington Post/]]
* [[/Sean Hoare and Andy Coulson/]]
* [[/Sherron Watkins and Enron/]]
* [[/Sign Stealing in Major League Baseball/]]
* [[/Robert MacLean and Unsecured TSA Communication/]]
* [[/The Sokal Affair/]]
* [[/Southwest Airlines Flight Cancellations of December 2022/]]
* [[/Stanford Research Scandal/]]
* [[/Startup Deception/]]
* [[/Susan Fowler, Uber, and Workplace Sexual Harassment/]]
* [[/The Case of Wisheart, Dhasmana, and Roylance/]]
* [[/The Durham Fish Oil Trials/]]
* [[/The Pat Tillman case/]]
* [[/Typhoid Mary/]]
* [[/Jose Rodriguez and the CIA Interrogation Tapes/]]
* [[/YouTube Censorship/]]
* [[/Dr. Malachi Love-Robinson/]]
* [[/Driving for Uber/]]
* [[/Who Is an Engineer? Burton Siegal and the State of Illinois/]]
* [[/Monsanto's Seed Patents/]]
* [[/Conflict of Interest Wikipedia Editing: Sunshine Sachs and Jack Craver/]]
* [[/The Case of Daphne Caruana Galizia/]]
* [[/Anarchist Cookbook/]]
* [[/The Sinking of the Titanic/]]
* [[/Vtubers and the Ethics of Synthetic Media/]]
* [[/Tim Bray, Maren Costa, Emily Cunningham, and Amazon/]]
* [[/Fraud in U.S. Collegiate Athetics/]]
* [[/The Hippocratic Oath for Technologists/]]
* [[/The Johnson &amp; Johnson Baby Powder Case/]]
* [[/Avondale Mills, Norfolk Southern, and the E.P.A/]]

;Research Ethics

* [[/Alexandra Elbakyan and Sci-Hub/]]
* [[/Scott Reuben and Research Fraud/]]
* [[/Shih Chi Liu and the NSF/]]
* [[/Climategate/]]
* [[/Albert Costa, Janet Geipel, Ethics, and Language/]]
* [[/Sabotage In Academia/]]

;Thinkers, Ideas and Problems

* [[/Ethics and Autonomous AI/]]
* [[/Anita Sarkeesian, Women and Gaming/]]
* [[/The Dilbert Principle/]]
* [[/Office Ethics according to The Office/]]
* [[/Office Ethics according to Office Space/]]
* [[/E.F. Schumacher/]]
* [[/Ted Kaczynski/]]
* [[/Diffusion of Responsibility/]]
* [[/Irving Janis and Groupthink/]]
* [[/Bill Joy and Technological Risks/]]
* [[/Marketing of Pharmaceuticals/]]
* [[/Balancing Individual Rights vs Welfare of Society/]]
* [[/Pekka Himanen and The Hacker Ethic/]]
* [[/Hacktivism/]]
* [[/Nimbyism/]]
* [[/Valuing of Human Life in Risk Analysis/]]
* [[/The Precautionary Principle/]]
* [[/The IRS Whistleblowers Program/]]
* [[/Human subjects in clinical research/]]
* [[/Adderall in Academics/]]
* [[/Using Animals in Research/]]
* [[/James Shikwati and Aid to Africa/]]
* [[/Diane Vaughan and the normalization of deviance/]]
* [[/Defensive Medicine/]]
* [[/Drinking Culture in China/]]
* [[/Growth Hacking/]]
* [[/Moonlighting/]]
* [[/Corporate Psychopaths/]]
* [[/Salami Slicing and the Least Publishable Unit/]]
* [[/Stanford Prison Experiment/]]
* [[/Environmental Racism/]]
* [[/Restaurant Ethics according to Bob's Burgers/]]
* [[/Workplace Harassment Training/]]
* [[/Sexual Orientation Conversion Therapy/]]
* [[/Ikigai at Work/]]
* [[/The Right to Be Forgotten/]]
* [[/Voluntourism/]]
* [[/Thomas H. Murray/]]
* [[/Market Influences on Clinical Trials/]]
* [[/Norbert Wiener and the Expert’s Responsibility for Weapons/]]
* [[/Marc Andreessen and Techno-Optimism/]]

&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br style=&quot;clear:all&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
{{Shelves|general engineering|Class projects|Business}}
{{alphabetical|P}}
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Talk:Java Persistence/Identity and Sequencing</title>
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      <text bytes="6275" sha1="le8l7sqatgkeyh2jgq5sjqk1yqefbh7" xml:space="preserve">== PostgreSQL and Identity Columns ==

RTFM on PostgreSQL.

To JPA, Oracle and Postgres behave the same. If you create your tables with the appropriate mechanism you can treat some columns LIKE an identity column. But in fact, like Oracle, those columns are Integers datatypes supported by sequence objects. Identity columns use an Identity or Generated datatype. Further, in PostgreSQL OR Oracle, if someone accidentally deletes the sequence for example, the incrementing on the column will stop but there will be nothing wrong with the table and no error reported. Identity columns become part of the table. Postgres does NOT have identity columns.

In fact, they decided not to pursue implementing identity columns: http://archives.postgresql.org/pgsql-hackers/2008-02/msg00617.php . As well, this is the last item on their general todo list relating to to identity/generated columns: http://wiki.postgresql.org/wiki/Todo#Data_Types

However &lt;u&gt;Postgres does not use or have Identity columns or datatypes. Nor does it support them.&lt;/u&gt; Just because it emulates an identity column, and you can create a sequenced column more easily than in Oracle, does not mean that it is the same to JPA as an Identity column. It isn't. Postgres still uses a sequence object to do the work. 

By implying that PostgreSQL has a mechanism that is the closer to being or the same as an Identity datatype, and is not similar to how Oracle uses sequences to autoincrment columns to to provide false and misleading information. Something a book or encyclopedia should never do. 

Postgres does use pseudo datatypes called Serial for Integer primary key columns and BigSerial for BigInt columns. The 'serial' datatype is used in the definition of the table (the create table statement) but once the table is created it relies on a database sequence object to populate the primary key field; just as Oracle does. With Oracle you need to set up the sequence and trigger manually, and PostgreSQL automates this. But in no way means Postgres is supporting identity columns. They will act almost identically to an Identity datatype but they are **not** an Identity datatype.

Identity datatypes are an emerging SQL Standard and in systems that support it, it is a datatype in its own right. Once a table is created, the Identity datatype used to create the column remains an Identity datatype. Serial and Big Serial being pseudo datatypes (really they are like a named macro) are changed to Int and BigInt respectively once the table is created and have no special properties such as auto-increment. 

Identity columns have methods like next curval, no column in Postgres has those methods associated with them. Those methods belong to the sequence object associated to the table/column. To say it belonged to the table is too strong since it can be referenced and changed without doing anything to the table. In fact you can change a column associated to the sequence without affecting the sequence at all.   

Further, as far as up to Postgres 8.4 the developers have rejected the Identity datatype for PostgreSQL since the standard was not standard at that time. 

http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.1/static/datatype-numeric.html#DATATYPE-SERIAL  &lt;br /&gt;
http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.1/static/functions-sequence.html

:Thank you for the detailed information on PostreSQL.  From the perspective of JPA, JPA IDENTITY support does work and is supported on PostgreSQL (depending on the JPA provider of coarse), so it is correct to say that JPA IDENTITY is supported on PostgreSQL, how PostgreSQL implements the support or not very relevant to the JPA user.  It is not supported on Oracle, as Oracle does not provide a column type for this, macro or otherwise.  You could define your own trigger, but this would be application specific, not database platform specific, there would be no standard way to support this in JPA.
::[[User:Jamesssss|James]] ([[User talk:Jamesssss|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Jamesssss|contribs]]) 13:33, 10 May 2012 (UTC)

:: On the contrary, Postgres is treated no differently than Oracle. Postgres if you read DOES NOT provide a column type. It provides a macro that essentially does the same thing as Oracle. IDENTITY will work the same on Postgres and Oracle. You are simply wrong in how you think about this. Just because Postgres provides a tool that build the sequence object for and then puts a default on the column (it is not something built into the system like an Identity column... it is a default on a column, something that any decent RDBMS provides. JPA Identity supports both Postgres AND Oracle. So you don't know what you are talking about if you continue saying Oracle isn't supported just because you manually have to set it up. Please, please don't edit stuff on databases if you can't get this concept through your head.

== No Primary Key ==
RE: (according to the book Enterprise JavaBeans 3.1, this statement is not true: &quot;Every entity bean must have a primary key, and it must be unique.&quot;).

:What the &quot;No Primary Key&quot; section what stating, was two part.  First the columns that are defined on the database using a PRIMARY KEY constraint do not necessarily need to match what is defined in the Entity using the @Id annotation (although this is normally the case, and the best choice).  You can use different fields, and you can map data in JPA even if the database does not define a PRIMARY KEY constraint.  If the JavaBeans 3.1 book says otherwise, then it is wrong, try it and see for yourself, it will work.
:In regard to not having a unique set of fields at all, this is more difficult.  JPA does require you mark some set of fields with @Id, unless you class in an Embeddable.  However, if no set of field is unique, you can mark them all with @Id.  Although this is not ideal, it will work for reads, delete and insert at least.  You will not be able to performance updates, as you cannot change the id of an object.
::[[User:Jamesssss|James]] ([[User talk:Jamesssss|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Jamesssss|contribs]]) 14:38, 5 November 2012 (UTC)

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    <title>Next Generation Sequencing (NGS)/Bioinformatics from the outside</title>
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      <text bytes="52596" sha1="457g7abpaeskrf0oiqfwcy6ryfdqq3s" xml:space="preserve">{{Navigate|Book=Next Generation Sequencing (NGS)|Curr=Bioinformatics from the outside  |Prev=Big Data|Next=Pre-processing}}
{{wikipedia|Bioinformatics}}

== Bioinformatics from the outside ==
:''For an in-depth introduction to UNIX, see the [[Guide to Unix]] or [[A Quick Introduction to Unix]].''

=== Unix command line: History ===
The first version of Unix was developed by Bell Labs (part of AT&amp;T) in 1969,
making it more than forty years old. Its roots go back to when computers were
large and rare, time on them very expensive and shared between many users.  
Unix was developed so as to allow multiple users to work simultaneously. Unix
actually grew out of a desire to play a game called
[[wikipedia:Space_Travel_(video_game)|Space Travel]] and the features that made
it an operating system were incidental. Initially it only supported one user
and the name Unix, originally UNICS, is a pun on MULTICS, a multi-user system
available at the time.

While this might seem strange and unnecessary in a world where everyone has
their own laptop, computing is again moving back to remote central services
with many users. The compute power required for mapping '''next-generation sequencing''' data or '''de novo assembly''' is beyond what is available or
desirable to have sitting on your lap. In many ways, the “cloud” (or whatever
has replaced it by the time you read this) requires ways of working that have
more in common with traditional Unix machines than the personal computing
emphasised by Windows and Apple Macintosh.

USA federal monopoly law prevented AT&amp;T from commercialising Unix but interest
in using it increased outside of Bell Labs and eventually they decided to give
it away freely, including the source code, which allowed other institutions to
modify it. Perhaps the most important of these institutions was the University
of Berkeley. (A significant proportion of Mac OS X has its roots in the
Berkeley Standard Distribution (BSD) that distributed a set of tools to make
Unix more useful and made changes that significantly increased performance.)
The involvement of several universities in its development meant Unix was
ideally placed when the internet was created and many of the fundamental
technologies were developed and tested using Unix machines. Again, these
improvements were given away freely. Some of the code was repurposed to
provide networking for early versions of Windows and even today several
utilities in Windows Vista incorporate Berkeley code.

As well as being a key part in the development of the early internet, a Unix
machine was also the first web server, a [[w:NeXT|NeXT cube]]. NeXT was an
early attempt to make a Unix machine for desktop use. Extremely advanced for
its time but also very expensive, it never really caught on outside of the
finance industry. Apple eventually bought NeXT, its operating system becoming
OS X, and this heritage can still be seen in its programming interfaces. Apple
is now the largest manufacturer of Unix machines; every Apple computer, the
iPhone, and most recent iPods have a Unix base underneath their facade.

By the early 90s Unix became increasingly commercially important. This
inevitably lead to legal trouble: with so many people giving away improvements
freely and having them integrated into the system, who actually owned it? The
legal trouble cast uncertainty over the freely available Unix versions,
creating an opening for another free operating system. 

The vacuum was filled by Linux, a freely available computer operating system
similar to Unix started by Linus Torvalds in 1991 as a hobby.  More correctly,
Linux is just the kernel, the central program from which all others are run.
Many more tools in addition to this are required to make an operating system.
These tools are provided by the GNU project.&lt;ref name=&quot;FSFGNU&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.gnu.org/ |title=GNU Operating System |publisher=Free Software Foundation, Inc |date=11 April 2016 |accessdate=28 April 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Importantly, Linux was written from scratch and did not contain any of the
original Unix code and so was free of legal doubt. Coinciding with the
penetration of the internet onto university campuses, and the availability of
cheap but sufficiently powerful personal computers, Linux rapidly matured with
over one hundred developers collaborating over the internet within two years.
The real advances driving Linux were social rather than technological,
disparate volunteers donating time on the understanding that, in return for
giving their work away freely, anything based on their work is also given away
freely and so they in turn benefit from improvements.

The idea that underpins this sharing and ensures that nobody can profit from
anyone else's work without sharing is “copyleft”, described in a simple legal
document called the GNU General Public
Licence,&lt;ref name=&quot;FSFGNU_CL&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/ |title=What is Copyleft? |publisher=Free Software Foundation, Inc |date=3 October 2015 |accessdate=28 April 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;
which turns the notion of copyright on its head. (It should be noted that the
GNU project, and the philosophy behind it, predate Linux by almost a decade.)
Today, Linux has become the dominant free Unix-like operating system with
millions of users and support from many large companies.

==== Getting and installing Ubuntu ====

Here we describe the Ubuntu distribution (packaging) of Linux, which is one of
the most widely used, but all the examples are fairly generic and should work
with most Linux, Unix, and Mac OS X computers. There are many different guides
on the web about how to install Ubuntu but we recommend installing it as a
virtual machine on your current computer.

The Ubuntu Linux distribution is generally easy to use and it is updated (for
free) every six months. The examples and versions used here are for version of
Ubuntu is 11.10, named after its release date in October 2011, and also known
as “Oneiric Ocelot”; the next (most current) version, 12.04 or “Precise
Pangolin” was released in April 2012 and is designated a Long Term Support
(LTS) edition, meaning that it will be receive fixes and maintenance upgrades
for five years before being retired, and is the best option if you don't want
to be regularly upgrading your system.

==== Acclimatisation ====
A significant effort has been undertaken to make Ubuntu easy to use, so even
novice computer users should have little trouble using it. There are quite a
few tutorials available for users new to [[w:Ubuntu|Ubuntu]]. The official
material is available&lt;ref name=&quot;UDTUbuntuDoc&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://help.ubuntu.com/ |title=Official Ubuntu Documentation |author=Ubuntu Documentation Team |publisher=Canonical Ltd |accessdate=28 April 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;
but a quick search on the web will locate much more. In addition, there is a
lot of documentation installed on the machine itself. You can access this by
moving the mouse towards Ubuntu Desktop at the top left of the screen and
clicking on the help menu that appears. In general, the name of the program you
are currently using is displayed at the top-left of the screen and moving the
mouse to top of the screen will reveal the programs menus in a similar fashion
to how they are displayed on the Mac (although, confusingly, some programs
display their menus within their own window rather like a Windows computer).

An alternative way to get help is to click on the circular symbol (a stylised
picture of three people holding hands) at the top left of the screen and type
help in the search box that appears. For want of a better name, we will refer
to the people-holding-hands button as the Ubuntu button although the help text
that appears describes it as “Dash home”.

Ubuntu comes free with many tools, including web browsers, file managers, word
processors, etc. There are free equivalents available for most of the everyday
software people use, and you can browse what is available by clicking on the
Ubuntu Software Centre, whose icon at the left of the screen looks like a
paper shopping bag full of goodies. The Ubuntu Software Centre is just a
starting point and there are many other sources available, both of prepackaged
software specifically for Ubuntu, and source code that will require compiling.
Search the web for “Ubuntu software repositories” for more information on
obtaining additional software.

While there are explicit key combinations for copy and pasting text, just like
on Windows or Mac, control-c and control-v in Ubuntu, this convention is not
respected by all programs. Unix has traditionally been more mouse centred with
the left mouse button used to highlight text and the middle button used to copy
it. You may find yourself accidentally doing this occasionally if you are not
used to using the middle mouse button.  Starting applications from icons,
opening folders, etc... only requires a single click, rather than the double
click required on Windows, making the action of pressing buttons and selecting
things from menus more consistent with each other. Accidentally double clicking
will generally result in an action being done twice, not normally a bad thing
but it does mean that impatient users can quickly find their desktop covered in
windows.

Perhaps the most important difference you are likely to encounter on a daily
basis is that the names of files and directories are case sensitive:
README.txt, readme.txt and readme.TXT all refer to different files. This is
different from both Windows and Mac OS X, where upper and lower-case characters
are preserved in the name but the file can be referred to using any case.
(Despite the Unix heritage of OS X, Apple chose this behaviour to maintain
compatibility with earlier versions of the Mac operating system)

==== Fetching the examples ====

There are many examples in this tutorial to be tried, enclosed in boxes like
the one below, which explains the format of the examples. The example below
shows how to automatically download and unpack the file ready for use.

[[File:Wiki NGS Unix one.JPG|framed|Figure 1: Example of how to automatically download and unpack a file]]

==== Basics ====
===== The command line =====
While Ubuntu has all the graphical tools you might expect in a modern operating
system, so new users rarely need to deal with its Unix foundations, we will be
working with the command-line. An obvious question is, why is the command-line
still the main way of interacting with Unix or, more relevantly, why we are
making you use it? Part of the answer to the first question is that the origins
of Unix predate the development of graphical interfaces and this is what all
the tools and programs have evolved from. The reason the command-line remains
popular is that it is an extremely efficient way to interact with the computer:
once you want to do something complex enough that there isn't a handy button
for it, graphical interfaces force you to go through many menus and manually
perform a task that could have been automated. Alternatively, you must resort
to some form of programming (Mac OS X Automator, Microsoft Office macros, etc)
which is the functional equivalent of using the command line.

Unix is built around many little tools designed to work together. Each program
does one task and returns its output in a form easily understood by other
programs. These properties allow simple programs to be combined together to
produce complex results, rather like building something out of Lego bricks. The
forward to the 1978 report in the Bell System Technical Journal&lt;ref name=&quot;McIlroyUnix78&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |title=Unix Time-Sharing System: Forward |journal=The Bell System Technical Journal |author=McIlroy, M.D.; Pinson, E.N.; Tague, B.A. |volume=57 |issue=6 |pages=1899–1904 |year=1978}}&lt;/ref&gt; describes the Unix philosophy as:

&quot;(i) Make each program do one thing well. To do a new job, build afresh rather
than complicate old programs by adding new features.

(ii) Expect the output of every program to become the input to another, as yet
unknown, program. Don't clutter output with extraneous information. Avoid
stringently columnar or binary input formats. Don't insist on interactive
input.

(iii) Design and build software, even operating systems, to be tried early,
ideally within weeks. Don't hesitate to throw away the clumsy parts and rebuild
them.

(iv) Use tools in preference to unskilled help to lighten a programming task,
even if you have to detour to build the tools and expect to throw some of them
out after you've finished using them.&quot; 

The rest of this tutorial will be based using the command-line through a
“terminal”. This terminology dates back to the early days of Unix when there
would be many “terminals”, basically a simple screen and keyboard, connected to
a central computer. The terminal program can be found by clicking on the Ubuntu
button and typing terminal in the search box, as shown in Illustration 1. You
can also easily access the terminal using just the keyboard, by pressing
control-alt-T. Once open, the text size can be changed using the View/Zoom menu
options or the font changed entirely using the Edit/Profile Preferences menu
option.

While we are using Linux during the workshop, you may not have access to a
machine later or may not wish to use Linux exclusively on your computer. While
you could install Linux as 'dual-boot' on your computer, or run it in a virtual
machine (A Virtual Machine (VM) is a program on your computer that acts like
another computer and can run other operating systems. Several VM's are
available, VirtualBox http://www.virtualbox.org/ is free and regularly
updated), the knowledge of the command-line is fairly transferable between
platforms. Mac OS X also has a command-line hidden away
(/Applications/Utilities/Terminal) and, with a small number of eccentricities,
everything that works on the Linux command-line should work for OS X. Windows
has its own incompatible version of a command-line but Cygwin
http://www.cygwin.com/ can be installed and provides an entire Unix-like
environment within Windows.

[[File:Wiki NGS Unix two.JPG|thumb|right|Figure 2: Opening a terminal in Ubuntu. A partially obscured terminal is shown at the bottom right of the desktop]]

At the beginning of the command-line is the command prompt, showing that the
computer is ready to accept commands. The prompt is text of the form
'''user@computer:directory$'''. Figure 2 has a user called tim in the
directory ~ on a computer called coffee-grinder. Having all this information is
handy when you are working with multiple remote computers at the same time. The
prompt is configurable and may vary between computers; you may notice later
that other prompts are slightly different. Some basic commands are shown in
Table 1; try typing them at the command-line and press return after the command
to tell the computer to run the command.

[[File:Wiki NGS Unix three.JPG|framed|centre|Figure 3: Some basic commands to answer the important questions of life: &quot;whom am I?&quot;, &quot;where am I?&quot; and &quot;what operating system am I running?&quot;]]

===== Files and directories =====
All files in Unix are arranged in a tree-like structure: directories are
represented as branches leading from a single trunk (the “root”) and may, in
turn, have other branches leading from them (directories inside directories)
and individual files are the leaves of the tree. The tree structure is similar
to that of every other common operating system and most file browsers can
display the filesystem in a tree-like fashion, for example: part of the
filesystem for an Ubuntu Linux computer is displayed in Figure 4.

[[File:Wiki NGS Unix four.JPG|thumb|left|Figure 4: Tree-like structure of the Ubuntu filesystem. Home/Tim directories have been open to show its contents (illustrative purpose)]]

Where Unix differs from other operating systems is that the &lt;u&gt;filesystem is
used much more for organising different types of files&lt;/u&gt;. The essential system
programs are all in '''/bin''' and their shared code (libraries) are in
'''/lib'''; similarly user programs are in'''/usr/bin''', with libraries in
'''/usr/lib''' and manual pages in '''/usr/share/man'''.

There are two different ways of specifying the location of a file or directory
in the tree: the absolute path and the relative path from where we currently are
in the filesystem (the current working directory). An absolute path is one that
starts at the root and does not depend on the location of the current working
directory. Starting with a / to signify the root, the absolute path describes
all the directories (branches) we must follow to get to the file in question.
each directory name is separated by a /. 

For example, home/user/Music/TheKinks/SunnyAfternoon.mp3 refers to the file
SunnyAfternoon.mp3 inside the directory TheKinks, which is inside the directory
Music, which is inside the user's directory, which is inside on the directory
home, which is connected to the root. If you are familiar with Microsoft
Windows, you might notice that the path separator is different. Unix-based
systems use a forward-slash (/) rather than the backward-slash (\) used on
Windows. You may have noticed that the paths of web pages are also separated by
forward-slashes, revealing their Unix origins as a path to a file on a remote
machine.

For convenience, a few directories have special symbols that are synonyms for
them and the most common of these are listed in Figure 5. Most of these have a
special meaning when at the beginning of a path otherwise they are just a
symbol. For example '''dir/~/''' is the directory '''~''' inside the directory
'''dir''' in the current directory, whereas '''~/dir/''' is the directory
'''dir''' inside the home directory (usually /home/user on Linux, /Users/user on
Mac OS X). In both cases the ''''/'''' symbols are separators rather than the
root directory.

[[File:Wiki NGS Unix five.JPG|framed|centre|Figure 5: Special directory names]]

The current location, the working directory, can be displayed at the
command-line using the pwd command. Rather than referring to a file by its
absolute path, we can refer it by using a path relative to where we are: a file
in the current directory can be referred to by its name, a file in a directory
inside our working directory can be referred to by directory/filename (and so on
for files inside of directories inside of directories inside of our working
directory, etc...). Note that these paths are very similar to how we describe
absolute paths except that they do not start with /; absolute paths are relative
paths relative to the root (alternatively we could read the initial / as “goto
root” and consider them to be relative paths). As shown in Figure 5, the
directory above the current directory can be referred to as .. so, if the
working directory is /home/user, then the root directory can be referred to as
../.. (go up one directory, then go up another directory). The symbol .. can be
freely mixed into paths: the directory examples below the current directory
could have path examples/../examples/../examples (needless to say, simply using
just examples is recommended).

===== Commands =====
Commands are just programs elsewhere on the computer and entering their name on
the command-line runs them. Commands have a predicable format:

'''command -flags target'''

The command is the name of the program to run, the (optional) flags modify its
behaviour and the target is what the command is to operate on, often the name of
a file. Many commands require neither flags nor target but Unix tools are
generally extremely configurable and even simple commands like date (some
utilities also have parodies, see '''ddate''' or '''sl''' for example) have many
optional flags to change the format of their output.

As mentioned in Files and directories, there are special directories to contain
executable programs and programs within them can be run by typing their name at
the command-line. The reason you can run the programs in these directories
simply by typing their names is that the operating system knows to look in those
directories for programs. In general you will not have permission to place files
in these directories and experienced Unix users create their own, normally
'''~/bin/''' ,to place programs they use frequently. Creating this directory
does not make it special; you still have to tell the operating system to go look
for programs there as well. The operating system has a variable, '''$PATH''',
which is a list of directories in which the computer looks for programs. To add
a directory to that list, use the command &quot;export '''PATH=~/bin:$PATH'''&quot; where
&quot;~/bin&quot; is the directory you want to add. This command is often added to the
file '''~/.bashrc''', which is a list of commands to be run automatically every
time a new terminal is opened. If a program is not in a special directory, you
cannot run it just by typing its name because the computer doesn't know where to
find it. This is true even if the program is in the current directory.  Programs
which are not in special directories can still be run, but you have to include
the path to where it can be found. If the program is in your current working
directory, this can be as simple as typing ./program (program is in current
directory). If the program is elsewhere just type the absolute or relative path
to were it is. You can always use the command-line's autocompletion features
(see “tab-completion” below) to reduce the amount of typing needed. In order to
alleviate the need to type paths to commonly-used programs, it is a good idea to
add their paths to the '''PATH''' variable in ~/.bashrc.

One thing you'll quickly discover is that the mouse does not move the cursor in
the terminal. The terminal interface predates the popularity of mice by decades
and alternative methods of efficiently moving around and editing have been
developed. There are keyboard short-cuts defined for most common operations, and
a few of these are listed in Figure 6. Probably the most useful shortcut is the
tab key. It can be used to complete command names and paths in the filesystem
(called 'tab-completion'). Pressing tab once will complete a path up to the
first ambiguity encountered and pressing again gives a list of possible
completions (you can type the next letter or so of the one you want and press
tab again to attempt further auto-completion).

[[File:Wiki NGS Unix six.JPG|framed|centre|Figure 6: Common key bindings for moving around command-line]]

[[File:Wiki NGS Unix seven.JPG|thumb|right|Figure 7: commands for manipulationg files]]
A record is kept of the commands you have entered, and the '''history''' command can
be used to list them so you can refer back to what you did earlier. The history
can also be searched: Control-r starts a search and the computer will match
against your history as you type; typing enter accepts the current line, typing
Control-r again goes to the next match and Control-g cancels the search. History
can also be referred to by entry number, listed using the '''history''' command:
entering !n on the command-line will repeat history entry n, entering !! will
repeat the last command. 

There are many commands, often quite terse, for manipulating files and a few of
the more useful of these are shown in Table 4. Many of the commands for Unix
have short names, often only two or three letters, so errors typing can easily
have unintended and severe consequences!  Be careful what you enter, because
Unix rarely gives you a second chance to correct mistakes. Some Unix machines
have the '''sl''' command to encourage accurate typing.

Figure 7 shows few commands for manipulating files and brief explanations. 

On the Unix command line, some symbols can have special meanings. A slash, '/',
indicates the end of a directory name, an asterisk, '*' is a wildcard, etc.
However, there are many circumstances when it is preferable for symbols not to
have a special meaning, the most common example being when the file name
contains a space (a space is a special character in the sense that it is
interpreted as a break between command-line options). The character in question
can be “escaped” by prefixing it with a '\' to remove its special meaning so,
for example: / is the root directory but \/ is a file called '/'.

Files beginning with a . character are hidden by default and will not appear in
the output of ls or equivalent (or in the file browser when you're using a
graphical user interface). Generally, hidden files are those used directly by
the computer or programs, containing configuration information not intended for
the average user to understand or use.

==== Reading and writing permission ====
All files and directories have a set of permissions associated with them,
describing who is allowed to read or write that file. There are three basic
permissions: read '''r''', write '''w''', and execute '''x'''. The meanings of
read and write are fairly obvious, but execute has two meanings depending on context.
For normal files, execute permission is used on files with executable code (i.e.
programs) to give users permission to run that program. For a directory, '''x'''
permission allows a user to open that directory and see the files it contains.
There are three categories of user: owner '''u''' (generally the user who
created the file), group '''g''' (the group of users that the owner belongs to),
and other '''o''' (everyone else). The permissions for each file are described
as a string of nine characters, three for each user category. The three
positions assigned to each user category correspond to the three types of
permissions ('''r''','''w'', and '''x''', in that order). If that user category
has a given permission, the appropriate letter will appear. If not, the letter
will be replaced with a dash '-'. For example, if a user category has permission
to read and execute a file, but not write it, their triplet will look like
'''r-x'''.  The permission string '''rwxr-x---''' means that the owner has
permission to read, write or execute, users in the same group have read and
execute permission and other users have no permissions.

The owner of a file can change its permissions. Some programs will do this
automatically if they are being run by the file's owner, giving the impression
that the permissions have been ignored.  Running '''rm -f''' is the most common
time a user will run into this behaviour: by default '''rm''' will prompt to
remove write-protected files (i.e. files you don't have permission to write) but
the '''-f''' (force) flag turns tells it not to bother asking and just remove
the file.

==== Dealing with multiple files ====
Often, especially when running scripts or organising files, you will need to be
dealing with multiple files at once. Rather than typing each file name out
explicitly, we can give the computer a pattern instead of a filename. All
filenames are checked against the pattern and the computer automatically
generates a list of all the matching files to use when running the command.
Patterns are created using symbols that have a special meaning. For example:
'''*''' means match anything (or nothing), so '''a*b''' is a pattern that
matches any filename beginning with a and ending with '''b''' including the file
'''ab'''.  Figure 8 contains a list of special symbols useful for constructing
patterns.

[[File:Wiki NGS Unix eight.JPG|framed|centre|Figure 8: Special symbols for filenames. As with the \* example in the table, any of these symbols can be prevented from having a special meaning by “escaping” them with a '\'.]]

As mentioned above, pattern matching occurs before a command is run and the
pattern is replaced by the list of matches. The command never sees the pattern,
just the results of the match.

==== Running multiple programs ====
From early on in its development, Unix was designed to run multiple programs
simultaneously on remote machines and support for this is integrated into the
command-line. Jobs (scripts, programs, or other fairly self-contained things
running from the command line) can be divided into two types, foreground jobs
and background jobs, based on how they affect the terminal. A foreground job
temporarily replaces the command-line and you cannot enter new commands until it
has finished, whereas a background job runs independently and allows you to
continue with other tasks. Only foreground jobs receive input from the keyboard,
so interactive programs like PAUP* should be run as foreground (although you
could set up a compute intensive analysis, background it and continue with other
tasks while it is running. Later, when the calculations have finished, the
program can be made foreground again so interaction can continue). Although
background jobs leave your command-line mostly free to do other things, they do
send their output to the terminal you launched them from, so you might see it
popping up in the middle of another task, which can be confusing. If you are
running multiple background jobs, their output will be interleaved based on when
it was produced, with no indication of which program produced the output.


[[File:Wiki NGS Unix nine.JPG|framed|centre|Figure 9: A few commands and key combinations for job control]]

As hinted in Figure 9, there is a difference between a job and a process. A
process is a single program running on the machine, and each process is uniquely
numbered with a pid (process ID). You can list all the processes you are
running, including the command-line itself (generally called bash, but in
some unix distributions it may be zsh or tcsh) using ps (or ps -a if you want to
see what all the other users of the machine are doing). The command-line itself
is just a process (program) running on the computer, albeit one specially
designed for starting, stopping and manipulating other processes.  Processes are
the fundamental method of keeping track of what is running on the computer.
Jobs, on the other hand, are things entered on the command-line and many include
several programs logically connected together by pipes (see In, out and pipes
for details) to achieve a task. [[File:Wiki NGS Unix ten.JPG|thumb|right|Figure
10: The command-line splits the jobs into several processes]] The command-line
splits the jobs into several processes and runs them, possibly simultaneously.
See illustrative example in Figure 10.

==== In, out and pipes ====
Where possible, Unix commands behave sort of like filters, or the mathematical
concept of a function: they read from input, manipulate that input, and write
the output. This might sound trivial, tautologous even, but it enables simple
commands to be combined to produce complex results.  Every command reads from
stdin (short for standard in) and writes to stdout (short for standard out). By
default stdin is whatever gets typed in the terminal from and keyboard, and
stdout is connected to the current command-line, so results are displayed on the
screen. stdout can easily be redirected to a file instead by using the
greater-than operator, &amp;gt;.  '''&amp;gt; filename''' redirects stdout to the file
specified for later perusal. By chaining many simple commands together, complex
transformations of the input can be achieved. The following is an advanced example,
showing how a complex output can be achieved using a series of smaller steps.
You may not yet have sufficient understanding of the shell to follow everything
in this example but try to work through it and see what each step is doing. The
main pages for each command (see Getting help) might be useful.

==== Compression ====
The aim of compression is to make files smaller, which is useful for both saving
disk space and making it quicker to send files over the internet. Some types of
programs that send data over the internet have the ability to transparently
compress files before sending and uncompress at the other end. Some web servers
implement this but the most important example for us are scp and sftp (two
command-line programs used to transfer files over networks) which can each be
given the -C option to request compression. 

Simply put, compression programs look for frequently repeated patterns in the
file and remove this redundancy in a manner that can be undone later. Text files
tend to compress very well, with 100MB worth of Wikipedia being compressable
into less than 16MB (See The Hutter prize http://prize.hutter1.net/), and, in
particular, biological sequences tend to be very compressible since the size of
the alphabet of nucleotides or amino acids is small. 

The two most common tools for compressing files are '''gzip''' and '''bzip2''',
with their respective tools for uncompressing being '''gunzip''' and
'''bunzip2'''.  '''gzip''' is the de-facto standard; '''bzip2''' tends to
produce smaller files but takes longer to compress them. On the Windows
platform, the Zip (often known as WinZip (http://www.winzip.com/)) compression
method is favoured and many Unix platforms provide '''zip''' and '''unzip'''
tools to deal with these files. Non-Linux Unix platforms, like Mac OS X for
example, have older tools called '''compress''' and '''uncompress''' that are
rarely used any more.  Support for '''compress''' 'd files on Linux can be
patchy and unreliable. For example, a machine one author has access to has a
compress manual page but no actual tool installed.

A final method to be aware of, that is becoming more popular, is 7-zip
('''7za'''). 7-zip can produce smaller files than all the above methods, again
at the expense of taking longer to compress. A list of file suffixes that can be
used to identify what files are compressed using what method is provided in
Figure 11.

[[File:Wiki NGS Unix eleven.JPG|framed|centre|Figure 11: List of suffice useful to identify what files are compressed]]

Compression works better if files are combined and then compressed together,
rather than compressing them individually, since this allows the compression
program to spot repeated patterns between the files. On Unix, the process of
packing/unpacking several files into / from a single file has been historically
separate from the process of the compression, in keeping with the philosophy of
having little tools that do one thing well. The Unix tool for packing and
unpacking files is tar “Tape Archiver”, the odd name because its heritage goes
back to 1979 when writing files to magnetic tape was a common method of storage.

Below is an example of using tar to compress and then extract files in an
archive:

 '''ls'''
 chimp.fasta human.fasta macaque.fasta orangutan.fasta
 # Pack into single file. The suffix is your responsibility. ''' 'c' ''' means create, and
 #'f' means that the next argument is the filename to write to.
 '''tar -cf sequences.tar *.fasta'''
 Note that the original files are untouched
 
 '''ls'''
 chimp.fasta human.fasta macaque.fasta orangutan.fasta sequences.tar
 # Delete all sequences
 '''rm *.fasta'''
 # 'x' means extract
 '''tar -xf sequences.tar'''
 '''ls'''
 chimp.fasta human.fasta macaque.fasta orangutan.fasta sequences.tar
 
Over time, the features of tar have increased to make it more convenient and
modern versions are now capable of packing and compressing files, as in the
example above.

 '''ls'''
 
 chimp.fasta human.fasta macaque.fasta orangutan.fasta sequences.tar
 # Pack and gzip sequences simultaneously (''' 'z' ''' tells tar to use gzip)
 '''tar -zcf sequences.tgz *.fasta'''
 #List the contents without extracting
 '''tar -ztf sequences.tgz'''
 chimp.fasta
 human.fasta
 macaque.fasta
 orangutan.fasta
 # More recent versions of tar can also bzip2 files
 '''tar -jcf sequences.tbz2 *.fasta'''
 '''tar -jtf sequences.tbz2'''
 chimp.fasta
 human.fasta
 macaque.fasta
 orangutan.fasta


[[File:Wiki NGS Unix twelve.JPG|framed|centre|Figure 12: File suffixes for
common compression programs. When combined with tar to compress multiple files,
often the full suffix .tar.suffix is shortened to that given above. zip and 7za
“7-zip” have a Windows heritage and have built methods to combine multiple files
together, so are rarely used in conjunction with tar. The file tool can also be
used to determine file type, e.g: file file.unknown.suffix . See man file for
details.]]

Compression and decompression are actually done by the same program.
Decompression program names like 'gunzip' are actually just convenient aliases
that tell the computer to call the gzip program with the unzipping flags.

==== Working on remote computers ====
Why use a remote computer? There are many reasons: First, central computing
resources tend to be much larger, more reliable and more powerful than your
laptop or PC – if you need to do a lot of work or use a lot of data then you
may have no option but to use a bigger computer. 

There is also a world of difference between server-quality hardware and stuff on
your desk. Uninterruptible power supplies, (i.e. backup batteries for when the
power goes out) are one example. Servers also tend to have redundant components
and memory that can detect and correct errors. At the top end, servers can
detect and isolate faulty parts, report the problem, and continue running. Often
the first time users of a central server know that a fault occurred is when an
engineer turns up with a replacement part. 

If you have a job that will take a long time to run, for instance Bayesian
phylogenetic methods, you may not want to commit to leaving your personal
computer untouched for long enough to complete the analysis (and you really
trust your colleagues not to turn it off?) whereas central facilities are
permanently on and have batteries to prevent small glitches in the power supply
from affecting the computers.  Lastly, and most importantly, central computers
tend to have much more rigorous and tested policies for backing up data – Do you
do regular backups? Are they kept in a separate physical location from the
original? When was the last time you checked that the backup actually worked? 

SSH (short for Secure SHell) is a method of connecting to other computers and
giving access to a command-line on them; once we have a command-line we can
interact with the remote computer just like we interact with the local one using
the command-line.  SSH replaces an older method of connecting to remote
computers called telnet, which sends everything – including your password – as
normal undisguised text so anyone can read it. It is not a good idea to use
telnet unless you know what you are doing and you have no other option.
Similarly, avoid FTP `File Transfer Protocol' for transferring files if you have
sftp or scp available.

As well as keeping communications between your computer and a remote computer
secure, SSH also allows you to verify that the remote computer is the computer
it claims to be – no point keeping traffic secure if you send it to the wrong
place – and prevents someone sitting in the middle of the connection listening
to each message then passing it on, pretending to each side to be the other.
(This is known as a Man-in-the-Middle attack
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Man-in-the-middle_attack. Both sides think they are
communicating with the other but are actually communicating with an intermediary
who copies all messages then forwards them on.) The method use to verify
identity, without possibility of forgery, and even if someone else can copy and
manipulate all messages is very interesting and has many other uses.  See
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public-key_cryptography and
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_signature for details. If verification
fails, you will be warned with a message like in Figure 13 and the computer will
refuse to connect.

[[File:Wiki NGS Unix thirdteen.JPG|framed|centre|Figure 13: warning message]]

By far, the majority of these warnings are caused by inept computer
administration rather than malice (for instance, if someone has upgraded the
other machine incorrectly so it appears to be a different computer, you will get
this kind of error). If you are sure it is safe, the warning can be dealt with
by deleting the appropriate line for the computer from the
'''~/.ssh/known_hosts''' file.  Graphical programs can also be run on remote
machines, but expect pauses unless you have a very, very fast internet
connection.  The system that enables this is called the X Windows system (or
just X, or X11) (X is the successor to the W Windows System, if you are
wondering where the X came from).  You can use the -X flag when you run ssh to
allow the remote computer to programs in new windows on your local display,
provided you have software on your local computer that understand the
instructions being sent.  Linux computers use such software by default for
display and Mac OS X comes with software that can be used (and is started
automatically by ssh in the following example).  On Windows, the Cygwin software
provides the required functionality. Below is an example of using ssh with the
-X flag.

==== Transferring files ====
It is possible to transfer files between computers using SSH alone but this is
not recommended since more friendly interfaces exist. Of course, there are many
graphical file transfer programs available. Without recommending particular
programs, Cyber-duck http://cyberduck.ch/ for the Mac OS X and WinSCP
http://winscp.net/ for Windows appear to be usefule options, but there are many
more.  Alternatively, under Mac and Unix, it is possible to mount directories on
remote computers so there appear to be local; search for '''sshfs''' for
details.  When transferring files, silent errors are extremely rare but can
happen and so we'd like to be able to verify that the file received is identical
to the one sent.  Short files could be checked by eye, but this can't be
automated without transferring the file again (which might also get an error). A
common technique to verify correct transfer is to calculate the md5 (Message
Digest algorithm 5) of both files and compare these values. The md5 is short
string of characters that identifies a file and two different files are
extremely unlikely to share the same string – if a file changes, its md5 will
(very probably) change and so we know that that a change occurred. It is
extremely difficult to deliberately create two files that have the same sum.
The chances of two non-identical random files having the same md5 is about
3.4e38. When checking large numbers of files, the chance that there are two
files in the set with the same md5 increases rapidly but will still be small
enough for realistic uses.  More rarely, you may come across SHA sums,
'''shasum''' on both Unix and Mac computers, which are very similar to md5's but
have an even smaller chance that two files share the same string.

==== Getting help ====
General help with Ubuntu has already been covered in “Acclimatisation“,
alternatively, just find someone to ask.  As with everything else, the web is a
rich source of good, bad, and down-right weird tutorials. 

If you are have little or no programming experience, Python (http://python.org/)
is a good choice for learning how to do useful bioinformatics scripting,
especially in conjunction with the Biopython module (http://biopython.org/).
Unix is generally very well documented, although the documentation is often
aimed at more experienced users.  The manual pages all tend to follow the same
format, and it's a good idea to become familiar with it. The page will start
with a description of what the command does and a summary of all its flags.
Optional flags will be enclosed in square brackets. Next comes a full
description of the command and detailed descriptions of what each flag does.
Sometimes there is also a section containing examples of usage. Mac OS X is
generally very consistent about man pages but Linux derivatives can be a mixed
bag.

[[File:Wiki NGS Unix fourteen.JPG|framed|centre|Figure 14: Look at manual page for man example]]

==== Variables and programming ====
So far, we have only used the command-line to run other programs and to chain
them together to achieve more complex results. The command-line tools can be
used like a programming language in its own right, and we can write little
programs to automate common tasks; often this referred to as scripting rather
than programming although the distinction is not really relevant. 

Obviously learning to program is not something that can be taught in an hour or
two, and even experienced programmers take several days to become productive in
a new language, so this section can give little more than a taste of what is
possible; however, it should be possible to show how you could save a lot of
time with a little investment up front. If you are doing similar things to large
number of files, many sequences for example, typing the same command over and
over on the command line is time-consuming, tedious, and prone to error,
especially as you get bored. Scripting can save you a lot of time and allow you
to get on with something else while the computer takes on that task for you.
Think about the last time you needed to rename 100 files, or change the format
of thousands of gene alignments so they are compatible with your phylogeny
program. Learning a little bit of scripting can speed up these tasks
tremendously. As with everything, there are many tutorials available on the web
and a search for bash scripting tutorial or bash scripting introduction will
yield many examples of varying completeness and comprehensibility.

In order to provide you with a little bit of programming background, we've
prepared a small general tutorial below:

The first thing to introduce are variables. A variable is just a name for
another piece of data, a useful analogy is that of a labelled box: every time we
see the label, we replace it conceptually with the contents of the box. The
ability to manipulate variables, changing the state of the computer, is
fundamental to programming. Here we'll introduce two useful cases: shortening
common directory paths and performing the same operations on many files. In bash
scripting, variables called with a dollar sign, followed by the name of the
variable: '''$NAME'''. There are some restrictions on the characters that can be
part of a variable name, and variable names cannot start with a number.  As a
rule of thumb it's a good idea to only use upper- or lower-case letters in your
variable names

A variable can refer to the name of a file and we can write things at the command-line
using the variable instead of the name explicitly – change the variable and we
run exactly the same commands on a different file. One way to take advantage of
this this would be to set the variable to one of several files and use the
history to repeat a set of commands. Of course, if the commands write their
output to a file then that would have to be renamed each time otherwise the
output for each file would be written over that for the previous. Shell
scripting provides an alternative: the computer can be told to set the variable
to each of many file names in turn and the value of the variable can be edited
automatically to provide the name of a unique output file.

A common Unix practice is to place frequently used sets of functions into a
file, called a script, for reuse thereby preventing errors retyping them.
Writing a script also means that complex operations with many steps can be
tested before you commit to running them over many files, something that could
potentially take days if we are dealing with large numbers of genes. Scripts can
be written and modified in any common text editor but must be saved in text
format; nano is a good basic editor that is fairly intuitive to use but there
are many others more specifically designed with programmers in mind.
Alternatively you could use gedit, a program more like Notepad on Windows (to
access gedit, click the Ubuntu button and search for '''gedit'''; entering
'''gedit &amp;''' at the command-line will also work).

==== Line endings – compatibility problems ====
Even after the standard alphabet for computers was established (ASCII – American
Standard Code for Information Interchange) there was no agreement about how to
how to indicated the end of a line. ASCII provides two possibilities: line-feed
''' '\n' ''' and carriage-return ''' '\r' ''', based on how old type-writers and
tele-type terminals used to work: a carriage-return moves the carriage, the
position to print the next character at, back to be beginning of the line and
line-feed moves the paper one line down but doesn't change where the carriage
is. On Unix a ''' '\n' ''' character is taken to mean “line-feed and carriage
return” and this is used to separate lines of text. On Windows, lines are
separated by the pair of characters ''' '\r\n' '''(in that order) and old
versions of Apple operating systems (prior to OS X) use ''' '\r' ''' to separate
lines. The situation on Mac OS X is more complex since it must deal with both
its Mac and Unix heritage; officially ''' '\n' '''' now separates lines in files
but programs have to be able to deal with both conventions.

To further complicate things, some methods of transferring files between
machines try to automatically convert the line endings for you. This is
generally a mistake. Specifically an old file transfer method called FTP “File
Transfer Protocol” has two modes: text and binary, text mode will attempt to
translate line endings. Unix platforms default to binary and are generally safe.
The only case where you need to be careful is transferring files from Windows
using the command-line FTP application. '''If you transfer a binary file over FTP in text mode, the received file will be corrupted irretrievably.''' If in doubt, see Transferring files for how to verify that your file has transferred
correctly.

If you've managed to read through to here, you're probably thinking: a) that's
complicated, and b)why haven't I noticed this? The answer is that it used to
cause problems in the past but programmers are aware of the issues nowadays and
programs tend to do the right thing. Some programming languages like Perl even
deal with these problems transparently so even programmers don't need to be
aware of them any more.

=== GUIs ===
==== Galaxy ====
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxy_%28computational_biology%29 Galaxy] is an open source GUI toolset for a variety of NGS applications. It can be accessed through the Penn State University server&lt;ref name=&quot;GPGalaxy&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://usegalaxy.org/root |title=Galaxy |work=usegalaxy.org |publisher=Galaxy Project |accessdate=28 April 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; or an institution may set up their own server. Users can save and publish data histories for future use or for others to use. Its tutorials and graphic interface make it simple to learn and easy to use.

Users may also want to run their own galaxy instance, for testing, tool development or production use. A preconfigured [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Docker_%28software%29 Docker] container makes this straightforward.

The following demonstrates an example setup.

The user:

* downloads and installs Docker (https://www.docker.com)
* pulls the galaxy-stable image from Docker Hub (https://hub.docker.com/)
  
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;bash&quot;&gt;
docker pull bgruening/galaxy-stable
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

* runs the docker container

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;bash&quot;&gt;
docker run -itp 8080:80 -v /local/dir/:/export bgruening/galaxy-stable
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

* can now access the fully functional galaxy instance at http://localhost:8080

==== GeneTalk ====
5 steps to analyze VCF files in [[GeneTalk]] at [http://www.gene-talk.de www.gene-talk.de]
# Upload VCF file
# Edit pedigree and phenotype information for segregation filtering
# Filter your VCF file by editing the following filtering options
** Functional filter (filter out variants that have effects on protein level)
** Linkage filter (filter out variants that are on specified chromosomes)
** Gene panel filter (filter variants by genes or gene panles, subscribe to publically available gene panels or create own ones)
** Frequency filter (show only variants with a genotype frequency lower than specified)
** Inheritance filter (filter out variants by presumed mode of inheritance)
** Annotation filter (show only variants that are listed in databases)
# View results and annotations
# Write your own annotations

==== BaseSpace ====

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>457g7abpaeskrf0oiqfwcy6ryfdqq3s</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>On 2D Inverse Problems</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>279393</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679970</id>
      <parentid>4679869</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-04T14:52:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>DVD206</username>
        <id>724793</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
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{{rfd}}
[[File:Book cover.jpg|center|frameless]]
&lt;!-- EDIT BELOW THIS LINE --&gt;== Medical imaging math notes ==

* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/About the book|About the book]]
* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Overview|Overview]]
** [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Acknowledgements|Acknowledgements]]
** [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Bibliography|Bibliography]]

== The Volume I: EIT and X-rays ==

* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Basic definitions and background|Basic definitions and background]]&lt;!--=== [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Graphs and manifolds|Graphs and surfaces]] ===
=== [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Harmonic functions|Harmonic functions]] ===
=== [[On 2D Inverse Problems/On random processes|On random processes]] ===
=== [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Special matrices|Special matrices and determinants]] ===
=== [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Electrical networks|Electrical networks]] ===
=== [[On 2D Inverse Problems/The inverse problems|The inverse problems]] ===--&gt;

* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Classics|Classics and hopscotch]]&lt;!--=== [[On 2D Inverse Problems/On the inverse problem of Calderon|On the inverse problem of Calderon]] ===
=== [[On 2D Inverse Problems/&quot;Can One Hear the Shape of a Drum?&quot;|&quot;Can One Hear the Shape of a Drum?&quot;]] ===
=== [[On 2D Inverse Problems/On inhomogeneous string of Krein|On inhomogeneous string of Krein]] ===--&gt;

* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Embedded|Embeddedings]]

* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Radial|Rotational inverse problems]]
&lt;!--=== [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Fourier coordinates|Fourier transform]] ===&gt;
=== [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Stieltjes continued fractions|Stieltjes continued fractions]] ===
=== [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Solution of the inverse problem|Solution of the inverse problem]] ===--&gt;
* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/The square root case|The square root of the minus operator]]&lt;!--=== [[On 2D Inverse Problems/The case of the unit disc|The case of the unit disc]] ===
=== [[On 2D Inverse Problems/An infinite example|An infinite example]] ===
=== [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Zolotarev problem|Zolotarev problem]] ===--&gt;
* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Two models|Dual maps]]
* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/redial|Halloween calendar]]
* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Notation|&lt;math&gt;notation&lt;/math&gt;]]

== The Volume II:Plane and planar knot ==

* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Ai|Harmonic continuation on graph]]
* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Papyrus|Analytic continuation on sphere]]
* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Rotation|Spectrum Disc Spin]]
* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Spatial|Spatial Spectrum Spiritual Geometry]]

* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Characteristic|Characteristic: companion and circulant matrices]]
** [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Area|Energy integral sum]]
** [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Orthogonal|&quot;Gravity is optional&quot;]]
** [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Echo|Echo response]]

== The volume III: Sphere and graph ==

* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/4|Ghost Spiderweb]]
* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/5|Shape-shifting network]]
* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/6|Six colors suffices surface]]

* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Zeta zeros|Zeta-function zeros]]
** [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Eta|Ln(2)]]
** [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Complex|Discrete complex analysis]]
** [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Continuous|Continuum hypothesis]]

* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Genes|Genealogy geometry]]
** [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Inferno|&lt;math&gt;\ln_2(\infty)&lt;/math&gt;]]

== Conclusions ==

===[[On 2D Inverse Problems/The Cure|Complexity of infinity]]===
{{Shelves|Mathematical collections}}
{{Alphabetical|2}}
{{status|75%}}
{{reading level|Beginner}} 
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[[File:Book cover.jpg|center|frameless]]
&lt;!-- EDIT BELOW THIS LINE --&gt;== Medical imaging math notes ==

* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/About the book|About the book]]
* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Overview|Overview]]
** [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Acknowledgements|Acknowledgements]]
** [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Bibliography|Bibliography]]

== The Volume I: EIT and X-rays ==

* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Basic definitions and background|Basic definitions and background]]&lt;!--=== [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Graphs and manifolds|Graphs and surfaces]] ===
=== [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Harmonic functions|Harmonic functions]] ===
=== [[On 2D Inverse Problems/On random processes|On random processes]] ===
=== [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Special matrices|Special matrices and determinants]] ===
=== [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Electrical networks|Electrical networks]] ===
=== [[On 2D Inverse Problems/The inverse problems|The inverse problems]] ===--&gt;

* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Classics|Classics and hopscotch]]&lt;!--=== [[On 2D Inverse Problems/On the inverse problem of Calderon|On the inverse problem of Calderon]] ===
=== [[On 2D Inverse Problems/&quot;Can One Hear the Shape of a Drum?&quot;|&quot;Can One Hear the Shape of a Drum?&quot;]] ===
=== [[On 2D Inverse Problems/On inhomogeneous string of Krein|On inhomogeneous string of Krein]] ===--&gt;

* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Embedded|Embeddings]]

* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Radial|Rotational inverse problems]]
&lt;!--=== [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Fourier coordinates|Fourier transform]] ===&gt;
=== [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Stieltjes continued fractions|Stieltjes continued fractions]] ===
=== [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Solution of the inverse problem|Solution of the inverse problem]] ===--&gt;
* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/The square root case|The square root of the minus operator]]&lt;!--=== [[On 2D Inverse Problems/The case of the unit disc|The case of the unit disc]] ===
=== [[On 2D Inverse Problems/An infinite example|An infinite example]] ===
=== [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Zolotarev problem|Zolotarev problem]] ===--&gt;
* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Two models|Dual maps]]
* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/redial|Halloween calendar]]
* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Notation|&lt;math&gt;notation&lt;/math&gt;]]

== The Volume II: Plane and planar knot ==

* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Ai|Harmonic continuation on graph]]
* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Papyrus|Analytic continuation on sphere]]
* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Rotation|Spectrum Disc Spin]]
* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Spatial|Spatial and Spectral Geometry]]

* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Characteristic|Rows and columns]]
** [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Area|Energy integral]]
** [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Orthogonal|&quot;Gravity is optional&quot;]]
** [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Echo|Echo response]]

== The volume III: Sphere and graph ==

* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/4|Ghost Spiderweb]]
* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/5|Shape-shifting network]]
* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/6|Six colors suffices surface]]

* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Zeta zeros|Zeta-function zeros]]
** [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Eta|&lt;math&gt;\ln(2)&lt;/math&gt;]]
** [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Complex|Discrete complex analysis]]
** [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Continuous|Continuum hypothesis]]

* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Genes|Genealogy geometry]]
** [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Inferno|&lt;math&gt;\log_2(\infty)&lt;/math&gt;]]

== Conclusions ==

===[[On 2D Inverse Problems/The Cure|Complexity of infinity]]===
{{Shelves|Mathematical collections}}
{{Alphabetical|2}}
{{status|75%}}
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      <text bytes="14386" sha1="2f71jhiyf38mnmyun9eqwczajugyl3c" xml:space="preserve">{{DISPLAYTITLE:&lt;span style=&quot;display:block;text-align:center;font-size:150%;background:#d0f0f0;line-height:2em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;face=Georgia&quot;&gt;The Seed Factory Project&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;}}


[[File:Seed_Factory_Project_Brand.png|left|200px]]


:::&lt;span style=&quot;display:block;text-align:left;font-size:150%;background:#e8e8ff;line-height:2.5em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large; face=Georgia&quot;&gt;'''Project Overview'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;


&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:125%; font-family:'Georgia', serif;&quot;&gt;

&lt;div class=&quot;nonumtoc&quot;&gt;{{TOCright}}&lt;/div&gt;

==&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: x-large; face=Georgia&quot;&gt;0.0 - Introduction&lt;/span&gt;==
&amp;emsp;

&amp;emsp;The '''Seed Factory Project''' is an open-source collaboration to develop the concepts, technologies, and working examples of self-improving production systems.  A '''Seed Factory''' is a starter set of tools, resources (including people), energy, and knowledge.  Like any factory it can make useful products and other outputs. But it can also self-improve and expand by making parts, materials, and entire machines for its own use.  These can be copies of what was in the starter set, larger or better versions, or different items that enable new products.  The knowledge part of the starter set includes design files and instructions for guiding the growth and improvement process.  

&amp;emsp;One goal of this project is to help enable a sustainable civilization with a high quality of life.  Our approach to this are systems that can grow to use high levels of automation and renewable energy, integrated waste flows and recycling, and use local resources and production to minimize transportation needs.  We also want to enable economic resilience in the face of automation replacing many jobs.  Early generation factories are intended for communities of owner-operators, who build the equipment and use the products they make themselves.  This makes them self-supporting despite a shortage of paid employment, and without the need for massive income transfer programs.

&amp;emsp;With people's basic needs taken care of, later generation systems can grow to industrial scale.  These larger units are &quot;grown&quot; from smaller starter kits or previous generation equipment.  They should therefore be cheaper to build than conventional factories.  In the longer term, the technology will enable living in more difficult environments, and eventually beyond the Earth.  Starter sets minimize the equipment to get started, and then local raw materials and energy are used to make the rest of what is needed.  The general idea of a starter set which grows by making more items for itself can be used anywhere.  But the detailed processes and products will be different for each application and environment.

&amp;emsp;If designed properly, we think that this kind of self-improving system can grow to high output relative to labor input by using modern computers, networking, automation, robotics, software, and sensors.  We also think that such factories can use mostly locally available raw materials and renewable energy, and recycle many waste products.  The combination of a small starter kit, less need for outside supplies, and high levels of automation should make such factories sustainable and low cost to operate.  The apparent feasibility and advantages are the motivation for this project.  What our project hopes to prove is these advantages are real by building actual examples.


===&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large; face=Georgia&quot;&gt;0.1 - Seed Factories&lt;/span&gt;===
&amp;emsp;

&amp;emsp;Biological seeds grow into larger organisms using local matter and energy, and eventually produce copies of the original seeds.  A '''Seed Factory''' is what we call new kind of production system intentionally designed to grow in a similar way.  It begins with a small starter set (the seed), expands to a mature factory, then eventually makes copies of the starter set.  Like any factory, the point of building it is to male useful products as outputs.  But in additions it self-improves by making some items for its own use.  The internal growth uses a combination of three methods:

:* Replication - making copies of its own parts
:* Diversification - making parts for new and different equipment
:* Scaling - making parts for larger versions of existing equipment

&amp;emsp;We refer to it as a factory rather than a single machine because a number of different materials and production processes are needed.  These are best carried out by different tools and machines that are specialized for what they do.  For a useful level of production, the final set of equipment will also likely be closer to commercial building size in total than home garage or desktop size, so &quot;factory&quot; is a more appropriate description.  The starter set, however, can be much smaller, just like a plant seed is much smaller than the mature plant it grows into.  

&amp;emsp;Traditional factories had to house all the equipment and people in one place, because it was the only way to coordinate the work.  With modern computers, networks, and software this is no longer required.  We can coordinate machines in different places, and people can operate them remotely.  So when we refer to a &quot;factory&quot; in this project, its parts may still be located in one place for efficiency, but they don't have to be - they may be partly or entirely distributed across multiple sites.  What's important in our concept of a factory is that the equipment and people work together on a regular basis, and make a desired set of products.  

&amp;emsp;Seed factories are designed to operate as an integrated whole.  Combining multiple production steps in one system allows more automation and reduced overhead, compared to conventional specialized factories.  Integrated process flows can also use wastes from one step as inputs to others, increasing overall efficiency.  The fully-grown factories are intended to have high levels of automation and the ability to make finished equipment items.  The starter sets, however, will not be as capable.  They will need more inputs of labor, parts, and materials to start the growth process.  As they grow, and improve their equipment set, they can gradually become more automated and capable of a higher percentage of self-production.  


===&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large; face=Georgia&quot;&gt;0.2 - Project Background&lt;/span&gt;===
&amp;emsp;

&amp;emsp;NASA first studied the idea of seed factories in 1980.  It was part of a general look at future automation for space projects.  However, the computer and communications technology of the time were much too slow to run such a factory, and automation software was in its infancy.  So the idea was set aside by NASA.  In 2012 aerospace engineer Dani Eder, was reviewing their study report: '''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19830007077.pdf Advanced Automation for Space Missions]''' while working on a modern space systems engineering textbook: '''[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Space_Transport_and_Engineering_Methods Space Transport and Engineering Methods]'''.  Past textbooks covered how to design rockets and satellites, but not future projects like asteroid mining or surface bases.  Ways to build local production would be useful for such future projects, because they reduce what needs to be brought from Earth.  He noticed that vast progress had been made in the past 30 years in the relevant fields.  An idea that was set aside in 1980, because it was too hard at the time, might now be feasible.  

&amp;emsp;Space is NASA's main job, so they never considered applying the idea of seed factories to Earth.  As Eder started working on the idea, it quickly became obvious that if it could work in space, it should also work on Earth - the laws of nature and available technology are the same.  Space projects need things like rocket factories, launch sites, and control centers.  Seed factories could provide more efficient production and construction of these ground facilities.  But more generally, there is a much greater need for improved manufacturing on Earth, both in developed and undeveloped regions.  So logically, the first designs should be for today's earthly needs.  Future space factories can come afterwards, when enough experience and production capacity are available to support them.  The current Seed Factory Project follows this &quot;Earth first&quot; plan.


&amp;emsp;'''Tool Replication and Growth''' - Our ancestors have used tools to make more tools since the development of sharpened stones and controlled fire in the Paleolithic (Old Stone Age).  The whole of our technological civilization has been built up from simpler items over time.  Developing nations since the Industrial Revolution have used the virtuous loop of coal, steel, and steam to increase quantities of all three, and spin off other products powered by them.  So in this sense the concept of a growing industrial capacity that makes more of itself is not new.  As a continuation of this historical process we plan to start with existing tools and machines to build the first seed factory elements.  We would then use both the existing and new equipment to demonstrate further growth.

&amp;emsp;In comparison to general current manufacturing, the new aspects to our project include:

:* Treating production equipment and end users as an integrated system.
:* Designing the elements so they can grow in a planned sequence from a small starter set.
:* Basing them on widely available and sustainable material and energy resources.
:* Using modern technologies like automation and robotics to make them highly productive.


===&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large; face=Georgia&quot;&gt;0.3 - Project Rationale&lt;/span&gt;===
&amp;emsp;

&amp;emsp;In proposing or promoting any project, a number of questions naturally arise.  In this section we will try to answer the more obvious ones.


:* '''If this is such a good idea, why has it not been done before?'''

&amp;emsp;Part of the reason is that until recently computers and automation were not up to the task.  Another is that our capitalist system has tended to separate production into specialized factories for reasons of economies of scale.  The oil refinery is separate from the steel mill, which is separate from the auto plant.  Because they are separate, you can't easily optimize the pieces to work together or automate the transfer of parts and materials between them.  Finally, partial versions of seed factories do, in fact, exist.  Some builders of automated machine tools use their own products to make more of the same machines they sell, and some robot makers use the same robots in their factories to make more robots.  Historically, the blacksmith made tools for the miner and carpenter, who in turn supplied him with ore and coal, and built the smith's workshop.  So production networks have existed for a long time.  What's new is we can now automate most of the work, and cheap electronics is making automation affordable for individuals and small groups.


:* '''Why do this project, and not something else?'''

&amp;emsp;There are a number of technical, economic, and social reasons:


&amp;emsp;(1) Current industrial and social organization has deficiencies that self-owned, community-oriented, flexible production can address.  Current business models rely on large, specialized factories, in diverse locations, under separate ownership from each other and their employees, with maximizing profit as the primary motivation.  This business model creates the following issues:

:* Large, specialized factories tie up a lot of capital in their construction, and do not respond well when technology or markets change.  If the factory becomes uneconomic, it can have a disproportionate impact on a local community.  Although economies of scale can apply to mass production, there are dis-economies to having a pyramid of highly paid management and the slower reaction time of a large organization.

:* The diversity of locations imposes long shipping distances for raw materials and finished products.  This consumes energy, takes time, and requires multiple handling at each end of the shipping routes to load and unload.  Physical separation makes it more difficult to automate tasks, or integrate flows between operations to gain efficiency.

:* The separation of suppliers and customers, and owners and employees, tends to make them &quot;other entities&quot; to be taken advantage of, rather than collaborating for mutual gain.  Thus the incentives for the owners are to reduce or eliminate wages in order to keep more for themselves, leading to job insecurity for the people who were doing the actual work.  When customers are separate from suppliers, the incentive is to make the item as cheaply as possible, for more profit, and not last long, for repeat sales.  When the producer is also the user, the incentives are different - to make it right the first time so as not to have to replace or repair it so often.  

:* Profit is well known to be a strong motivator, but the modern world is more complex, and other factors are more important than in the past.  The single-purpose corporate model of profit above all else is ill-suited to the modern environment.  Considered as corporate entities, they must be forced to behave towards other goals against their basic nature.  This creates inefficiencies in compliance overhead and inevitable attempts to avoid meeting societal goals.  It would be better if goals besides profit were designed into the structure of an organization in the first place.


&amp;emsp;(2) Seed factories can address a number of the problems of our current civilization.  Many people are still poor and live in undeveloped conditions.  The potential for rapid self-replication and expansion could supply things people need quickly and at lower cost than other approaches.  Even in developed areas, many people's jobs are insecure, and they work because they must, rather than out of preference.  Self-ownership and automation can address these problems.


===&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large; face=Georgia&quot;&gt;0.4 - Project Methods&lt;/span&gt;===
&amp;emsp;

&amp;emsp;Self-expanding production systems of the type described above are new.  Fortunately we don't have to start from scratch, or do everything at once.  We can bootstrap the project itself from a small starter set of people and equipment.  The necessary fields of information technology and industrial automation already have extensive backgrounds that we can build on.</text>
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[[#Native]]

[[#Hosted]]

[[#Build]]

[[#Hardware]]

[[#References]]

[[#Future]]


==Introduction==


[[File:Wanderer00.png|thumb|Wanderer on Aros Pi3b]]

[[File:Scalos00.png|thumb|Scalos on Aros Pi3b]]

[[File:DOpus5Magellan00.png|thumb|DOpus5 Magellan on Aros Pi3b]]


Aros aims to cover Pi 3 to 5 512Mb+ RAM 


Options to boot from using a good power source to prevent the yellow lightning symbol. 
*With Pi3b+ the max you can get is 5.1V 2.5A with micro usb.
*With Pi4 5.1V 3A with usb-c 
*With Pi5 5.1V 5A, the amps went ever upwards, even to 5.1V 9A with usb-c 


* Pi500+ keyboard wedge - working but not much tested esp [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commit/48e9c8edcca4b5c1e1fe0b1123f2129f624af67b power button] 
* Pi500 wedge with up to date bootloader via PiOS - working but not much testing esp [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commit/48e9c8edcca4b5c1e1fe0b1123f2129f624af67b power button] 
* Pi 5  - Quad A76 64bit ARMv8 and RP1 &quot;southbridge&quot; with VideoCore 7 D0 (rev1.1) - untested 
* Pi 5  - Quad A76 64bit ARMv8 and RP1 &quot;southbridge&quot; with VideoCore 7 Pre-D0 C1 (Rev1.0) - untested 
* Pi400 RPI-400 keyboard wedge - resolution changing and audio from micro hdmi0 (near 40pin) and micro hdmi1 (near usb-c psu) - Fn F10 0x5e power on and off works or held down for over 7 seconds auto shutdown - keyboard ok - wifi and lan ethernet testing - 
* Pi 4  - Quad A72 64bit ARMv8 with VideoCore 6 
* Pi 3  - Quad A53 [https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/computers/processors.html 64 bit] ARMv8 with VideoCore 4 with '''fan''' to prevent overheating cpu 82C+ throttling 
* Pi02W - Quad A53 64bit - boots but [https://forums.raspberrypi.com/viewtopic.php?p=2387984#p2387984 usb not working but did in the past], 


* Pi 2 - Quad 32bit ARMv6 with VideoCore 4 - mostly not 64bit compatible 
* Pi Model B+ 32bit ARMv6 with VideoCore 4 - not 64bit compatible 
* Pi Model A and B 32bit ARMv6 with VideoCore 4 - not 64bit compatible 


===Native===

* 2013-03 Kalamatee starts work
* 2015-04 Work continues with mschulz on the kernel and Kalamatee (NicJA) on gpio and usb
* 2018 [https://www.patreon.com/posts/i-owe-you-some-20956961 mschulz resume adding BE big endian support], [https://www.patreon.com/michal_schulz/posts Big endian on Pi]  
* 2026 [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commits?author=bsek latest commits for pi 3b, 4 and 5 64bit] 
* 2026 [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commits?author=metaneutrons latest commits for Pi5]
* 2026 [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commits?author=bitplane latest commits for ARM]


====64bit====

'''Download''' A [https://archive.org/details/piAROS Pi Distribution (Distro) has started] and the contents copied to fat32 8GB+ microSD card (there will be drawers/folders - boot c Classes Demos Developer Devs Extras etc only showing). The SD can be plugged in to the Pi. And power on. [https://pi.amiga.icu/ Repository]

'''Not recommended''' but [https://aros.sourceforge.io/nightly1.html RaspberryPi 3, 3+, 4 and 5 64bit ArmV8 nightly builds] [https://sourceforge.net/projects/aros/files/ and alternative site and nightly2] which is a test version of '''very few''' apps with both raspi-aarch64-system and raspi-aarch64-contrib can be unbz2'd to a SD or SSD as appropriate. 

64bit build works well on a single core LE little endian. [https://aros.sourceforge.io/nightly1.html raspi-aarch64-smp-system multicore is available] [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commit/1df0747c2bda3523a43029725a709b1f377d84ec]. Any issues booting could be down to the SD card so please use another SD to see if it is resolved. Remember Aros Arm uses FAT32 and Aros can detect issues with this format very acutely (once fault found, FAT 0x0FFFFFF7 bad cluster so no files written after that, no repair). Please report your experiences in the [https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=2138&amp;pid=15057#post_15057 Aros forum thread], [https://forums.raspberrypi.com/viewforum.php?f=179 Raspberry Pi Aros Dev and User forums], [https://forums.raspberrypi.com/viewtopic.php?p=2387984#p2387984 previous Raspberry Pi forum thread]. Any bugs or issues can be [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/issues described here to fix] 


*Pi500+   untested usb3 booting or nvme ssd 
*Pi500    untested usb3 booting 
*Pi5      untested usb3 booting 
*Pi400    boots with '''USB3''' port based sata3 ssd 
*Pi4      untested (may need eeprom update from PiOS or Pi SD Imager) 
*Pi 3 B+  is pre-configured for USB sata3 boot - untested 
*Pi 3 B   may need [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ubnwvxF3Klc PiOS to set OTP to boot from usb - do so at your own risk] - if OTP set to usb, boot works but slower than SD card 

Speed write wise (top faster) 
&lt;pre&gt;
*NVME Pi5 untested    &gt;1000MB/sec  or faster if matched correctly 
*Sata3 ssd              500MB/sec
*SD        V90           90MB/sec  4K maybe 8K 
*SD        V60           60MB/sec  1080p 
*SD     U3 V30           30MB/sec  720p 
*SD C10 U1 V10 A1 A2     10MB/sec  minimum should be used now 
*SD C06                   6MB/sec  
*SD C04                   4MB/sec 
&lt;/pre&gt;


As a homage to the past, Aros shows a reduced number of icons but this can be changed by left mouse click in the window and then right click down to Window -&gt; View -&gt; All files

Windows can be manipulated by the top (moving) and the bottom right corner (resizing) only. 

Zune like MUI gui interface, has a unique quirk in that after changing a setting in a text box, you may sometimes need to press Enter/Return before clicking OK, Save, etc 


Double left mouse click on most picture (Developer/Debug/Tests/Datatypes), audio and video files are supported, via datatypes, by the multiview application. 
Esc escape key usually closes open windows even the desktop 

In Prefs/Appearance some decorative theming elements need work. There is a few Mason icons in /Prefs/Presets/Icons/Mason/ and the ever present default Gorilla - Icon exchange in works 

For more intensive graphics applications, you may need to edit config.txt in the root folder and change 128M to 256M to adjust more memory to graphics usage 

If your cursor should '''appear''' to vanish, fear not it is still there. Please head to the top of the screen i.e. the title bar, hold down the left click mouse and drag the screen down a little and the cursor will appear again. Then you can drag the screen up again. 


Like most amiga like OSs the audio and networking need to be setup manually 

Audio AHI prefs - Mode settings tab - needs both Music unit and Unit 0 set to RPiHDMI:16 bit stereo++  or RPiPWM:16 bit stereo++ at 44100Hz. Press '''Save or Use''' button after each choice 


For wireless, please use the Wifi prefs and already selected device bwfm.device. Press Scan and double right click on the router and enter password. You may need to setup after every power off
*if asking for password again - press cancel and go to Network Prefs, Wireless Networks tab and highlight the router line and hit the remove button and press the cancel button. Retry with Wifi prefs again 
*...waiting for an address - Disconnect and try Connect 
Until, Connected to &lt;router&gt; - 192.168.x.x 


For lan ethernet port, please use Network prefs and the following hardware is 
*lan9514    Pi3b Pi2 not supported at the moment 
*lan7515    Pi3b+ type into Device  usblan78xx.device as net0:  remove other device(s) 
*bcmgenet   Pi4 Pi400 choose for Device bcmgenet.device 
*cdnsgem    Pi5 Pi500 Pi500+ RP1 i/o for cadencegem 
 (network prefs may forget random information when rebooted) 


Summary
&lt;pre&gt;
̽*Pi3a̹+   wifi works, 
*Pi3b    ethernet not supported, usb ethernet not working but wifi prefs setup works 
*Pi3b+   wifi working and ethernet works 
*Pi4     untested 
*Pi400   wifi and ethernet untested 
*Pi5     wifi and ethernet untested
*Pi500   wifi and ethernet untested
*Pi500+  wifi works 
&lt;/pre&gt;


Type in 'aarch64' in the [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=search&amp;tool=simple search box] and you will see available software packages / apps. apkg can be used to inspect and install applications. 

[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=network/browser amelinium web browser] (JS 1.6 ES9 ECMASCript 2018) is available with an [https://eab.abime.net/showthread.php?t=122494&amp;page=88 eab thread] reminiscent of [https://github.com/zapek/Voyager Voyager] and to a lesser extent [https://github.com/amigazen/aweb3/ Aweb] JavaScript 1.5 (ECMAScript 3) as css and javascript websites can be slow to load or resolve (no JIT). 

Press Cancel at screenmode selector or -wb argument to get windowed version. You could use the Shift + Del shortcut or mouse wheel should work to delete all text at once. Html5test gives 189 (1.29), 300 (1.31), 301 (1.39) out of 555. 

You may have to delete the cache (Menu -&gt; Page -&gt; Delete cache) to fully retest big Amelinium updates or free up space. 
Be aware [https://pianetaamiga.it/en/reportage-pianeta-amiga-2026/ some site pages] can use up hundreds of MBs of cache very quickly 

 DNS lookup failed...  close browser and reboot and setup wifi again - repeat until it works again 

 youtube video and audio - js button for javascript must be on/shaded -  Settings -&gt; Soundoutput - AHI 
Any restriction to lower resolutions is due to [https://docs.invidious.io/faq/#q-where-are-the-360p480p1080p-quality-options bandwidth]. Either CPU/GPU, internet speed and/or video quality. Pi3 can expect up to 480p (wifi) and up to 720p (ethernet). Pi4 expect (wifi)  (ethernet). 

If no separate audio stream error - set settings -&gt; Video quality to 360p or lower as Youtube has a fallback mode at that level 

https://t.me/s/channel_name for Telegram public messages from [https://t.me/s/AROS_official AROS_official] [https://t.me/s/vamped_amiga vamped_amiga] [https://t.me/s/demoscenecracktros demoscenecracktros] 

*art local js apps like dpaint.js 


There is normally no Bluetooth support for most amiga like OSs but that has changed recently [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commit/6942cbfbf66426d21963a7fcd8aba6aff611a9e0 work in progress] [https://github.com/RPi-Distro/bluez-firmware/tree/pios/trixie/debian/firmware/broadcom firmware] 

*Bluetooth 4.1 BCM43430A1.hcd Pi3B, Pi3A, Zero 2W 
*Bluetooth 4.2 BCM4345C0.hcd  Pi3B+, Pi4 
*Bluetooth 5.0 BCM4345C5.hcd  Pi4B rev, CM4 and maybe Pi5 and CM5 

&lt;pre&gt;
*bthid    keyboard mouse support 
*btserial serial 
*btpan    short range wireless connecting devices 
&lt;/pre&gt;


Only the Pi5 has a RTC real time clock, the other Pis will need to use ntp services [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commit/29cd4116330dc7f692d90757eacc59fb3f31ae70 sntp] with time.cloudflare.com pool.ntp.org or Cloudflare 162.159.200.1, 162.159.200.123, 2606:4700:f1::1, 2606:4700:f1::123 or [https://github.com/bohunamiga/PiNTP PiNTP -s goodtime.ijs.si or ntp1.ptb.de] to get the date and time from the internet. Can use date in a shell e.g.  date 24-Dec-2026 23:59:59  but this will need to be done again after every reset/power off. Maybe hardware [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commit/28674a157bc56175aa668e7b62dca6fa740578dc ds3231 rtc with dtoverlay=i2c-rtc,ds3231 in config.txt] 


It helps to have all usb devices already plugged in before power on to detect at the moment. Even then some usb devices will freeze the mouse cursor and the only resolution is to remove the offending usb device and reinsert. Sometimes, the reinsert leads to the mouse cursor vanishing, it is still there and responds to left mouse clicks, top of the screen and pull down the screen. 

USB classes support from Prefs/Trident is still work in process 
*usbaudio working on usb3 port (blue) on pi4, 400 but not working (no rt isochronous) on usb2otg (white or black) for pi3b, zero 2w 
*[https://aminet.net/package/mus/midi/camd camdusbmidi] detects midi devices without a preferences file (Prefs/Env-Archive/sys/midi.prefs) as [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RBxHkwy4Nrw auto setup now] possibly with [https://github.com/metaneutrons/mt32-pi metaneutrons mt32-pi] [https://github.com/rtzor/mt32-pi mt32-pi fork] [https://github.com/ahmadexp/mt32-pi fork] [https://github.com/gmcn42/mt32-pi-control control of] [https://github.com/dwhinham/mt32-pi mt32-pi pi3+]. Alternative of [https://homspace.nl/samplerbox/ SamplerBox]. 

Will need developer clang gcc tools to look at 64bit ports of [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=driver/audio/usbmidi.i386-aros.lha usbmidi], [https://aminet.net/package/mus/midi/CAMD_Toolkit CAMD_Toolkit], [https://aminet.net/package/mus/midi/camdtools camdtools], [https://github.com/cnvogelg/amiditools amiditools], [https://github.com/timoinutilis/midi-sequencer-amigaos horny src], [https://aminet.net/package/mus/midi/horny-base horny-base], [http://bnp.hansfaust.de/index.html BnP], [https://arosarchives.os4depot.net/?function=showfile&amp;file=audio/misc/timidity.lha timidity], 


Regarding 680x0 emulation, there are several options that could be considered but most not fully implemented 
*[https://github.com/kaffeine1/kaffeine kaffeine m68k with Amiga system OS fɹiendly calls going to Aros ones] 
*[https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/blob/6722a0ae9e03fe5d26e32703360bd2059e0864cc/rom/m68kemu/README.md?plain=1#L424 m68kemu.library] for some Amiga productivity where the cpu is emulated and the system calls are redirected to Aros ones
*[https://github.com/BlitterStudio/amiberry amiberry] (winuae) for everything else like games 

*[https://github.com/jonx/AROS/tree/aarch64-darwin-graft/arch/all-darwin/libs/emu68k emu68k] 
*[https://scriptedamigaemulator.net/ Scripted Amiga] with [https://github.com/naTmeg/ScriptedAmigaEmulator ScriptedAmigaEmulator] or older [https://github.com/gbraad-amiga/ScriptedAmigaEmulator2 ScriptedAmigaEmulator2] 


[https://pinout.xyz/ GPIO 40 pins] [https://learn.sparkfun.com/tutorials/raspberry-gpio/gpio-pinout pinout] 

Some exceptions:

*Physical pins 27, 28 (GPIO0, 1) are an internal I2C bus and should not be used
*The other I2C on pins 3, 5 (GPIO 2, 3) can be used generally, but be aware they have permanent pull-up resistors to 3.3V
*For MIDI use USB but there are dedicated UART pins 8, 10 (GPIO 14, 15).

With a HAT it's more awkward -- you need to know which pins are used by the HAT and avoid them. Hopefully this will be documented.

Remember all GPIOs are 3.3V (not 5V tolerant), floating/noisy inputs can cause odd behavior, and that shorting the power supplies can cause instant death of the Pi.

In the shell (Cntrl + C to end) 

 GPIO PIN/A/N,SET/N,GET/S,MODE/K,PULL/K

Controls and queries hardware GPIO pins via gpio.resource which is stored in the rom or Devs/ '''please test''' 

*PIN   -- (Required) Target GPIO pin number (e.g. 12).
*SET   -- Set pin output value to 0 (LOW) or 1 (HIGH).
*GET   -- Read and print current digital input level (0 or 1).
*MODE  -- Configure pin mode: IN (Input), OUT (Output), ALT (Alternate).
*PULL  -- Configure pull resistor: NONE, UP, DOWN.

EXAMPLES
&lt;pre&gt;
GPIO 12 MODE OUT
GPIO 12 SET 1
GPIO 12 GET
GPIO 13 PULL UP
&lt;/pre&gt;


[https://gpiozero.readthedocs.io/en/stable/installing.html Current] [https://gpiozero.readthedocs.io/en/v1.2.0/api_boards.html old support for gpiozero is unknown at present] [https://energenie4u.co.uk/res/pdfs/ENER314%20UM.pdf and associated 433MHz equipment] [ USA X10 security and lights via USB] [ OpenHab with Shelly Smart Plug connected over Wi-Fi, controlled by MQTT or HTTP] 


Printing only with Postscript but [https://github.com/bohunamiga/MintPRINT one] of [https://github.com/boingball/MintPRINT two] [https://github.com/Andiweli/AmiAirPrint/tree/main AirPrint] IPP has been attempted with [https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=2061&amp;pid=13954#post_13954 discussion] 


Youtube 

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8dZwGkUKAmA Pi3A̟+ (plus) with smp build and PiAROS], 

[], [], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X4fmWAIv7FE Aros native on Pi3b], 

[], [], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TSxlYb1eQWU Installed on Pi3b+], 

[], [], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NFF1H3jCoz8 testing Aros native on Pi400], 

[], [], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nIVx7mh1E1Q&amp;pp=ygUHYXJvcyBwadIHCQkTDAGHKiGM7w%3D%3D Aros on Thumb 2 based 32bit-ish ARM STM32H743 board], 

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nHt_k_QkHe0 AmiWest 2026 Day 1], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nA2fnaOt1Ik Amiwest 2026 Day 2],
 

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zQM4CD64xDE&amp;t=612s&amp;pp=ugUEEgJlbg%3D%3D Performance under Linux] but on Aros... 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Pi
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Single Core 2D
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Single Core 3D
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Single Core 3D
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |SMP 2D
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |SMP 3D
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |SMP 3D 
! width=&quot;35%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Pi--&gt;Pi3 
| &lt;!--Single Core 2D--&gt;
| &lt;!--Single Core 3D--&gt;
| &lt;!--Single Core 3D--&gt;
| &lt;!--SMP 2D--&gt;
| &lt;!--SMP 3D--&gt;
| &lt;!--SMP 3D--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


==== 32bit ====

For the Pi1 Pi2 Pi2B the status of AROS native ARMv6 for 32bit RasPi was OK. System booting, USB working (although with some issues but plans to fix them). 32bit native [http://www.aros.org/nightly1.html ARMv6 32bit nightlys] raspi-armhf-system raspi-armhf-contrib unbz2'd to fat32 microSD 


===Hosted===


AArch64 CPU backend for AROS, a Cocoa/Metal display, clipboard / host-volume / CoreAudio / BSD-sockets bridges, GPU 2D via gpufx.library, a 68k→AArch64 JIT (run68k), and a full Rust std port. On [https://www.jkn.me/blog/macaros-aros-on-apple-silicon/ latest Apple Silicon Macs] [https://github.com/jonx/Macaros early alpha version of hosted Aros .dmg on MacOS12+]. Please use [https://github.com/jonx/Macaros/issues MACAros github] for issues, features etc and possibly [https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=2030&amp;pid=13910#post_13910 here] with [https://github.com/pomaros pomaros]. There is a [https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=2076&amp;highlight=jonx&amp;pid=14193#post_14193 work in progress native Mac Apple silicon M1 M2 M3 version] 


[http://www.aros.org/snapshots1.html old linux and android hosted 32bit] 


==== Hosted ====

=====64bit=====

[https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=2019&amp;rowstart=80&amp;pid=13667#post_13667 Ubuntu Linux PC hosted Pi compiler build] 

[https://github.com/BlitterStudio/aros-compiler-docker Docker based cross compiler for various Aros systems], 

[https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=2019&amp;rowstart=80 From the Aros Raspberry pi 3 64bit thread] 
Instructions on building 64-bit Raspberry Pi AROS and cross-compiler from sources.

You will need:
- Ubuntu 24.04 or 26.04
- qemu-system-aarch64 installed
- Internet connection
- rpi-scripts.tar.gz downloaded (https://axrt.org/download/aros/rpi/rpi-scripts.tar.gz)

1) Install prerequisites:

sudo apt install git gcc g++ make gawk bison flex bzip2 netpbm autoconf automake libc6-dev liblzo2-dev libpng-dev gcc-multilib byacc python3-mako cmake yasm curl nasm

2) Clone sources

cd &lt;project-directory&gt;
git clone https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS.git --recurse-submodules

3) Extract rpi-scripts.tar.gz. Copy all files into your project directory so that you have:

AROS (the directory with cloned sources)
fix-dotdot.py
rebuild.sh
recreate-sdcard.sh
run-qemu.sh
update-sdcard.sh

4) Run ./rebuild.sh. Select option 1) toolchain-core-aarch64

This will execute process of building a cross-compiler. During this process packages will be downloaded from Internet. This process can take up to 2 hours. If there are some missing dependencies, install them with 'sudo apt install' and restart this step.

5) Run ./rebuild.sh again. Select option 2) core-raspi-aarch64

This will build system files for 64-bit Raspberry Pi AROS. This process can take around an hour.

6) Run ./recreate-sdcard.sh

This will create an sdcard.img file with contents of previous step.

7) Run ./run-qemu.sh

This will start QEMU with SD card image and ROM images. It will boot into AROS.


=====32bit=====

Ubuntu VM approach to compiling [http://lallafa.de/blog/2013/06/building-aros-hosted-for-raspbian/ Linux hosted AROS June 04, 2013]

 ../AROS/configure --target=linux-armhf  --enable-includes=/usr/arm-linux-gnueabihf/include --x-includes=/usr/arm-linux-gnueabihf/include --x-libraries=/usr/arm-linux-gnueabihf/lib

arm-elf- is symbol-linked to arm-linux-gnueabi- (arm-linux-gnueabi- is more correct in this case, because it's going to be compiling the ARM AROSBootstrap for ARM Linux)

*armel - many of the &quot;android&quot; machines require since the entire OS is made for soft float VFP. 
*armfp - Efika MX target, Raspberry PI, EfikaMX, Pandora and virtually everything (VFP)

Keep in mind it's possible to start hardfp AROS hosted on softfp system, though, as long as no calls between AROS and host require floating point parameters. NOTE: hardfloat objects *cannot* be linked with softfloat objects - they have a different ABI.

Just keep in mind the arm nightly build machine is quite complex beast. It needs the x86_64 host compiler to compile AROS tools. The arm version is built every night using gcc-4.6.2 crosscompiler (built together with AROS) and successfully builds armel and armhf linux hosted targets.

*needs an AROS code compiler for ARM target 
*as well as unix compiler for ARM linux host (would be best to have both softfp and armhf, we have softfp only now) with full set of libraries and includes.

with—disable-crosstools  $AROS_CC  is always a wrapper around $KERNEL_CC  ?  If  so,  this  is  wrong for some ports. This can break Darwin, Windows and Android port. 
Yes,  Android  port  will  build.  And  even  work. But it's not good because  the  port  will  not  be ABI-compatible with other ARM ports. Android's ABI is different from GNUEABI. For example:

&lt;pre&gt;
enum test {foo, bar};
enum test testvar;
&lt;/pre&gt;

sizeof(testvar)  will  be  equal  to sizeof(int) in GNUEABI (Linux and AROS)  and  sizeof(short)  on  Android. This affects linking objects from static linklibs, for example.

Previously everything worked because $AROS_CC was a wrapper on top of $HOST_CC. And a real crosscompiler was used on non-ELF hosts.

Android is the same. $KERNEL_CC is incompatible with AROS.

compiler=kernel  is  appropriate _ONLY FOR CODE WHICH RUNS ON HOST OS_ (or  barebone  hardware,  if  we  talk  about  native).  This includes bootstraps,  their  linklibs, and host-side dynamic libraries (Windows makes extensive use of them because of architectural considerations.

No single AROS object should be compiled with this setting. $KERNEL_CC is really compatible with AROS *ONLY IN LINUX-HOSTED* and no more. On other systems (Darwin, Windows,  Android) this is not true any more, and compiler=kernel is never going to work.

If  you  want  to  compile your AROS module against host OS includes, append  the  following  to  USER_INCLUDES  (or  USER_CFLAGS,  this  is effectively the same):

 -isystem $(GENINCDIR) $(KERNEL_INCLUDES)

$(KERNEL_INCLUDES) expands to:

 -isystem  &lt;your_os_includes&gt;  -isystem  &lt;host_OS_gcc_private_includes&gt;
 -nostdinc

This makes AROS compiler adhering to host OS APIs.

If you want some preprocessor symbols based on what your host OS actually is, add something like -DHOST_OS_$(AROS_HOST_ARCH).

Why is there $(GENINCDIR) at all? Because host OS has its own libc includes, which would conflict with AROS ones. And the host OS libc is not binary-compatible with AROS one.

Why doesn't Windows-hosted port use $(KERNEL_INCLUDES) ? Because WinAPI includes conflict with AROS ones in fundamental typedefs, like WORD, BYTE and BOOL. It's almost impossible to deal with this in any other way than rewriting WinAPI definitions using AROS types.

Building under centos 6.3 (i386) currently, and AROS creates the toolchain itself. haven't yet committed the necessary changes but &quot;./configure --target=raspi-armhf&quot; is enough to start, then &quot;make arosboot-raspi&quot; will generate arosraspi.img (containing the bootstrap, kernel.resource, and exec.library) as well as arosraspi.rom (containing all the other essentials components such as dos, graphics etc).  It will also copy over a config.txt file to make the raspi bootstrap code load the correct kernel, and a cmdline.txt that enables exec debug output.

*armel = typically Debian 6, Ubuntu Maverick, Android, 
*armhf = typically Debian 7, Debian 8, Ubuntu Precise,

Cross-compiling Ubuntu ARM softfp 
&lt;pre&gt;
    sudo sh
    echo 'foreign-architecture armel' &gt;&gt;/etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg.d/multiarch
    echo 'deb [arch=armel] http://ports.ubuntu.com/ precise main universe' &gt;/etc/apt/sources.list.d/armel.list
    apt-get update
    apt-get install gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi libx11-dev:armel libsdl-dev:armel
&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;
 ./configure --target=linux-arm --x-includes=/usr/include \
             --enable-includes=/usr/arm-linux-gnueabi/include
&lt;/pre&gt;

Cross-compiling Ubuntu ARM hard-float 
&lt;pre&gt;
    sudo sh
    echo 'foreign-architecture armhf' &gt;&gt;/etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg.d/multiarch
    echo 'deb [arch=armhf] http://ports.ubuntu.com/ precise main universe' &gt;/etc/apt/sources.list.d/armhf.list
    apt-get update
    apt-get install gcc-arm-linux-gnueabihf libx11-dev:armhf libsdl-dev:armhf
&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;
    ./configure --target=linux-armhf --x-includes=/usr/include \
                --enable-includes=/usr/arm-linux-gnueabihf/include
&lt;/pre&gt;

Now, the AROS build is configured properly and all you need to do is:

 make


==Build==

===64bit===

[https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/blob/7016ce28bfdb754182edb16011c98faaf5413c29/arch/aarch64-raspi/boot/mmakefile.src#L180 boot makefile] 


===32bit===


# download/checkout the source someplace, e.g. /build/AROS-Src/
# make a directory to store external sources AROS downloads, e.g. /build/Ports
# make a build directory, e.g. /build/aros-raspi-armhf
# cd into the build dir, configure, and then run make -:

&lt;pre&gt;
&gt;cd /build/aros-raspi-armhf
&gt;/build/AROS-Src/configure --target=raspberrypi-armhf --with-serial-debug --enable-ccache --with-portssources=/build/Ports
&gt;make
&gt;make arosboot-raspi
&lt;/pre&gt;

then copy the files from /build/aros-raspi-armhf/bin/raspi-armhf/AROS/ onto an sdcard, and download/copy the Raspi firmware files onto it.

You should then be able to boot the sdcard on your RasPi.

The current W.I.P tree to svn. it can be built as follows ..
&lt;pre&gt;
./configure --target=raspi-armhf
make arosboot-raspi
&lt;/pre&gt;

That will generate arosraspi.img, arosraspi.rom and config.txt in bin/raspi-arm/AROS - so either copy just those files to a fat formatted SD card (with the firmware files on), or copy the whole contents of the AROS folder.

NB - if you have a Linux/other install, backup the existing config.txt first

arosraspi.img contains the bootstrap (which has very basic mailbox code, framebuffer/gpio init, and console &quot;emulation&quot; via code pinched from our libbootconsole), kernel.resource, and exec.library

arosraspi.rom contains all the other components needed to boot AROS.

The config.txt file will tell the RasPI bootstrap to load the arosraspi kernel and ramdisk (rom).

the bootstrap has minimal mailbox code, planning on adding either a resource or library that driver/app code will use to access it (likewise for GPIO)


Help building AROS hosted on Linux ARM

Was looking a way to use more my Handheld ARM based called Pyra (Dragonbox Pyra) an ARM (Omap5 cpu with 4GB ram) linux based machine (Debian Buster v10 with kernel 5.6.19 adapted) and have a try to compile the latest Aros sources by Deadwood directly on this device.
Compilation stops after build libpopupmenu.a and trying to build libatomic have this error:

&lt;pre&gt;
    Configuring build in bin/linux-arm/gen/host/tools/crosstools/gnu/gcc/arm-aros/libatomic
    configure: WARNING: unrecognized options: --disable-nls, --without-x
    checking for --enable-version-specific-runtime-libs... no
    checking for --enable-generated-files-in-srcdir... no
    checking build system type... arm-unknown-linux-gnu
    checking host system type... arm-unknown-aros
    checking target system type... arm-unknown-aros
    checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c
    checking whether build environment is sane... yes
    checking for arm-aros-strip... /media/farox/pyra2/arosbuilds/toolchain-core-armhf/arm-aros-strip
    checking for a thread-safe mkdir -p... /usr/bin/mkdir -p
    checking for gawk... no
    checking for mawk... mawk
    checking whether make sets $(MAKE)... yes
    checking whether make supports nested variables... yes
    checking for arm-aros-gcc... /media/farox/pyra2/arosbuilds/toolchain-core-armhf/arm-aros-gcc
    checking whether the C compiler works... no
    configure: error: in /media/farox/pyra2/arosbuilds/toolchain-core-armhf-build/bin/linux-arm/gen/host/tools/crosstools/gnu/gcc/arm-aros/libatomic':
    configure: error: C compiler cannot create executables
    See config.log' for more details
    make[2]: *** [mmakefile:4489: /media/farox/pyra2/arosbuilds/toolchain-core-armhf-build/bin/linux-arm/gen/host/tools/crosstools/gnu/gcc/arm-aros/libatomic/.configured] Error 77
    [MMAKE] make --no-print-directory TOP=/media/farox/pyra2/arosbuilds/toolchain-core-armhf-build SRCDIR=/media/farox/pyra2/arosbuilds/AROS CURDIR=tools/crosstools/gnu TARGET=tools-crosstools-gcc-libatomic-configure -s --file=mmakefile tools-crosstools-gcc-libatomic-configure failed: 512
    [MMAKE] Error: Error while running make in tools/crosstools/gnu: No such file or directory
    make[1]: *** [Makefile:361: linklibs-libatomic] Error 10
    make: *** [Makefile:183: crosstools] Error 2
&lt;/pre&gt;


looking at config.log on arosbuilds/toolchain-core-armhf-build/bin/linux-arm/gen/host/tools/crosstools/gnu/gcc/arm-aros/libatomic

found that arosbuilds/toolchain-core-armhf/arm-aros-ld: cannot find -laeabi
so do make linklibs-aeabi-arm-quick
and the missing lib was built.

now the next stop is at
fatal error: bits/libc-header-start.h: No such file or directory
and
fatal error: sys/cdefs.h: No such file or directory
in many places so after checking that have this missing include files i have noted that my include path is a bit different, standard searching path is /usr/arm-linux-gnueabihf but in my system is /usr/include/arm-linux-gnueabihf
so if i add my path to some mmakefiles compilation goes on....but is a better way to add this path to avoid every mmakefiles to be changed?

fixed with adding
-I/usr/include/arm-linux-gnueabihf
to where is missing on mmakefiles like
USER_INCLUDES := -isystem $(GENINCDIR) -I/usr/include/arm-linux-gnueabihf $(KERNEL_INCLUDES)

P.s. I have changed many mmakefiles and have at least compiled (after many hours) the toolchain doing make every time in arosbuilds/toolchain-core-armhf-build (also have to disable making tests under cplusplus but don't remember the directory ...) but ask an help to have an automated way to correctly build without modify mmakefiles.


Last time built armhf target was around 2 years ago. At that point built is via cross-compilation from linux (ubuntu 22.04) using linux armhf crosscompiler (this can explain the path differences you are experiencing) as well as using AROS gcc cross-compiler in version 6.5.0 (build with option 21) in rebuild.sh). Since then AROS GCC has been updated to 10.5.0 and don't believe anyone tried to build the armhf target again.

My suggestion would be to downgrade GCC to 6.5.0 (via editing AROS/config/gcc_def file) and try to first build using cross-compilation from x86_64 linux. Once that works, you will have a &quot;template&quot; to compare to native compilation under arm linux.


Thanks for your suggestion...but think the toolchain with GCC 10.5.0 is compilable if i found a way to pass the path of my system to the script that build (option 21 on rebuild).
The other only changes are (but don't know where to modify...) is to add the build of libaeabi and disable the building of some tests under cplusplus that use exceptions and is not supported under ARM. try to crosscompile with my Linux amd64 PC.

For paths look into core-linux-armhf/bin/linux-armhf/gen/config/target.cfg. A number of build-wide variable is set there containing paths to local build system. These variables and the target.cfg file are generated by AROS ./configure script.

Thanks compilation now go forward...changed target.cfg under &quot;toolchain-core-armhf-build/bin/linux-arm/gen/config&quot; and do make on &quot;toolchain-core-armhf-build&quot; dir.

Need to find where to enable build libaeabi.a so can build the entire toolchain with option 21 of rebuild.sh


Found something that looks like libeabi in AROS/arm-all/arm-aeabi/mmakefile.src. Try adding a third line there:

#MM- linklibs-armhd : libklibs-aeabi-arm

Don't remember needing this library. Possibly the 6.5.0 GCC somehow does this while 10.5.0 is missing this.

Try adding this line (and the variant &quot;linklibs-armhf&quot; instead of hd) but it did not solve the automatic building of the missing lib. I must do &quot;linklibs-aeabi-arm-quick&quot;.
Anyway after have build the aeabi lib i succefully built the toolchain (after many hours...). Smile

To test I restarted from selecting option 21 (on rebuild.sh) but after many hours i get the same error of the kernel includes not found...maybe i need to modify the configure script for my case.

With the toolchain built i try to build the core-linux-armhf (DEBUG) (option 22) but after a while it stopped with
&quot;cannot find -laeabi &quot; so i made it built manually...and now i can continue compiling...i'll let you know if all goes ok.


== Hardware ==

===64bit===


====BCM2712====

With the Pi5 

Broadcom VideoCore 7 vc7 is an integrated GPU with 12 cores and up to 800 MHz clock. VideoCore VII is capable of OpenGL ES 3.1 and Vulkan 1.2. The driver support for the Raspberry Pi continues to build upon the [https://lore.kernel.org/dri-devel/20230928114532.167854-1-itoral@igalia.com/ open-source V3D driver] stack within [https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/mesa/mesa/-/merge_requests/25450 Mesa] hopefully be merged for Mesa 23.3. x265 HEVC accelerated untested, x264/h.264 and VP9 cpu only. 

*Raspberry Pi M.2 HAT+ Expansion Board 
*Geekworm X1001 PCIe to M.2 Key-M NVMe
*Geekworm X1003 PCIe to M.2 HAT NVMe SSD PIP Board for Raspberry Pi 5 
*Pineboards Pi Hut HatDrive! M.2 HAT 2024/V4 
*Hat+ Gen2 Gen3 Nvme
*GeeekPi 52Pi N04 for Raspberry Pi 5 NVME M.2
*


*2024 RPI AI HAT    - Hailo  20TOPs  no LLMs 
*2026 RPI AI HAT+ 2 - Hailo  40TOPs  slightly better? 


[https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/accessories/camera.html Cameras for Pi]
*Raspberry Pi camera module, the V3 with Sony IMX708 back-illuminated CMOS 12 Megapixel sensor
*Raspberry Pi Camera Module V2 – 8MP Sony IMX219 Sensor
*Raspberry Pi camera Rev 1.3, 5MP 1080P OV5647 image/video module, 2592 x 1944 pixels

H.265 / HEVC decoder is a HEVCv2 Main 4:4:4 10 design supporting bitstreams up to profile 5.1
HEVC hardware decode supports 4kp60, 10-bit. Audio output is pretty much unchanged, but the HDMI audio channels now support 8x192kHz bitrates 


====BCM2711====

With the Pi4 an ARM a72 cpu is about x3 times the size of an a53 in the Pi3 

the 2711b line used more power when idle, compared to the 2711c 

*2018 Raspberry Pi PoE HAT Power Over Ethernet Hat - design issues 
*2020 Raspberry Pi PoE+ HAT Power Over Ethernet Hat Pi3b+ Pi4 only - better design 
*Waveshare PoE HAT (B) with cooling fan for Raspberry Pi 3B+/4B 802.3af PoE 

*[https://github.com/axizo-pi/V3DLib vc6 V3D 4.2] is derived from [https://docs.broadcom.com/doc/12358545 vc4], but it is [https://docs.mesa3d.org/drivers/v3d.html significantly different] 
The QPU pipeline stays mostly the same, you still have an add ALU and a multiply ALU and it can issue two ALU OPs per cycle. There is still 4 SIMD lanes, interleaved over 4 cycles.
The instruction encoding for the QPUs is different, but the core instructions are the same.

Instructions for packed 8 bit int math has been dropped, along with most of the pack modes.
Instructions for packed 16bit float math has been added (2 floats at in a single operation)
With vc5/vc6, you write two packed 16f value to the tilebuffer (or four writes of 32f, if you are using the rgba32f framebuffer). And there is a handy vfpack operation which allows you to pack two f32s into a single 32bit value in a single instruction. You can vfpack directly into the tile buffer register.

the multiply ALU can now fadd, so you can issue two fadds per instruction. the add ALU has gained a bunch of new instructions 

the A and B register files have been merged. You still only get an A read and a B read per instruction, but they read from one big register file (which means the underlying memory block has gone from two sets of &quot;one read port, one write port&quot; to one &quot;two read ports, one write port&quot; block)

The theoretical max FLOPs per QPU remains the same at two per cycle, other than the bump from 400mhz to 500mhx but it looks like a lot of effort has been put putting those theoretical FLOPs to better use. 
*vc4 could run one or two threads per QPU. When you ran in two thread mode, the available register file halfed to 32 registers.
*vc5 added a four thread per QPU mode, with 16 registers per thread.
*vc6 doubled the size of the register file. You could now use all 64 threads in two thread mode and 32 registers in for thread mode. Single thread mode was removed, you always have at least two threads.

With the threading improvements, the QPUs should spent much less time idle waiting NOPs for memory requests. Most of the design changes have gone to improving the fixed function hardware around the QPUs. A fixed function blend unit has been added, which should reduce load on the QPUs when doing alpha blending. hope software blending is still possible 

The tile buffer can now store upto 4 render targets (up to 128bits per pixel, so if you are using 4 32bit render targets, you can't have a depth buffer)

A MMU, allowing a much simpler/faster kernel driver.

Many more texture formats, framebuffer formats.

h264/x264 [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commit/caecd66a9508acb0e9ef0a07169a14c33007b208 VideoCore hardware decoding through VCHIQ/MMAL (Pi 1–4)], 
H.265 / HEVC decoder is a HEVCv2 Main 4:4:4 10 design supporting bitstreams up to profile 5.1
HEVC hardware decode supports 4kp60, 10-bit. Audio output is pretty much unchanged, but the HDMI audio channels now support 8x192kHz bitrates 


All the features needed for opengl es 3.0 

Each ALU typically have 2 floating point operators, and as you pointed out in a earlier post videocore 6 is no exception, with both a multiply and additive floating point operator. Thus theoretical GFLOPs are calculated with both operators in mind. That is what the 2 in my formula represents, and is common across any modern programmable shader, whether you calculate Nvidia, AMD, Intel, Boardcom or any other company's GPUs. Total ALUs * 2 * GHz clock = GFLOPs, In the case of Raspberry Pi 3, it's 24 ALUs * 2 operators * 0.4GHz = 19.2GFLOPs
If the Videocore 6 does indeed only have 16 ALUs (16 * 2 * 0.5GHz), you'd have only 16GFLOPs but they are better utilised 

Possible maximum performance 
&lt;pre&gt;
VideoCore IV @ 250MHz: 250 [MHz] x 3 [slice] x 4 [qpu/slice] x 4 [processor] x 2 [op/clock] = 24 Gflop/s
VideoCore IV @ 300MHz: 300 [MHz] x 3 [slice] x 4 [qpu/slice] x 4 [processor] x 2 [op/clock] = 28.8 Gflop/s
VideoCore VI @ 500MHz: 500 [MHz] x 2 [slice] x 4 [qpu/slice] x 4 [processor] x 2 [op/clock] = 32 Gflop/s
&lt;/pre&gt;

Faster LPDDR4 memory.


====BCM2837==== 

With the Pi3 
* Broadcom BCM43438 chip provides 2.4&amp;nbsp;GHz 802.11n wireless LAN, Bluetooth Low Energy, and Bluetooth 4.1 Classic radio support, 3B+ [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commit/afa5bc0bb17d5dd06bcfdbac00853a3799ca8d76 LAN7515] 

The overclock ability has diminished with each chip version as the energy usage has increased. BCM2837 is one of the warmest yet and benefits from active fan cooling if all four cpu cores are in use for a short while. Video playback maybe affected due to the lack of custom support in the GPU with Aros. 5 V / 2.4 or 2.5 amp power supply recommended if all four cpu cores are running, else throttling (cpu slowdown) might occur. 

[https://github.com/hermanhermitage/videocoreiv/wiki/VideoCore-IV-Programmers-Manual Dual VDP] and scalable QPU in [https://docs.mesa3d.org/drivers/vc4.html VC4] and x.264/h.264 accelerated untested only and VP9 on cpu or neon help 


ARMv8-A has [https://developer.arm.com/documentation/102412/0100/Privilege-and-Exception-levels privilege levels] where userspace typically runs at ‘EL0’, the kernel at ‘EL1’ or ‘EL2’ and the firmware at the highest level ‘EL3’. 


===32bit===

=== Core Kernel ===


====BCM2708(family)====
which includes the [http://elinux.org/RPi_Hardware BCM2835] (ARM1176JZF-S 700&amp;nbsp;MHz CPU + VideoCore IV GPU + up to 1GB RAM)

*Framebuffer (fb) using mailbox 
*IRQ scheduler, etc 
*Arasan based SD Card controller 
*Synopsis DesignWare USB 2.0 OTG controller [http://networkdirection.net/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=106:rasperry-pi-usb-controller&amp;catid=45:raspberry-pi&amp;Itemid=54 Unofficial DOCS pdf],  [dwc_otg.c FreeBSD], [], [https://www.riscosopen.org/viewer/view/mixed/RiscOS/Sources/HWSupport/USB/Controllers/DWCDriver/ RiscOS USB Driver], [https://www.riscosopen.org/forum/forums/5/topics/878 RiscOS USB Discussion], [https://www.riscosopen.org/forum/forums/11/topics/1893 Other USB RiscOS], [http://plan9.bell-labs.com/plan9/index.html Plan9 Miller's usb] http://plan9.bell-labs.com/sources/contrib/miller/, [https://github.com/Chadderz121/csud CSUD driver], 
*[http://www.smsc.com/media/Downloads_Public/Data_Sheets/9512.pdf SMSC 9512] USB LAN/Hub chip 
*CMOS RAM 
*VCHIQ port which sends messages to the GPU e.g. for mouse, keyboard, audio on HDMI, etc 
*Audio Driver 
*Serial Peripheral Interface Bus (SPI) 
*[http://www.susa.net/wordpress/2012/06/raspberry-pi-pcf8563-real-time-clock-rtc/ I2C registers]
*I2S 
*Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (UART) 
*[http://elinux.org/RPi_BCM2835_GPIOs GPIOs] and [http://www.adafruit.com/blog/2012/08/17/broadcom-bcm2835-peripheral-memory-map-and-gpio-alternate-use-chart-piday-raspberrypi-raspberry_pi/ Alternative view of GPIO]

BCM2836 
* For Pi B+, PI 2 and Pi 3 SMSC LAN9514 chip adding 10/100 Ethernet connectivity and four USB channels to the board

*[http://www.andrewscheller.co.uk/rpi_pcb_modules.html PCB], [http://elinux.org/RPi_Low-level_peripherals Low level features],


 Implemented so far... 

# Modify the configure system so that it correctly builds for the arm hardware float raspi target.
# Implemented the bootstrap to load the aros modules and prepare the arm to jump into them. Reworked the x86 console support so that parts can be stolen for raspi to use since t has no basic functionality to output to the display.
# Implemented a kernel.resource to prepare the raspi for running aros and provide the low level api calls to expose available resources and allow exec, etc function.
# Implemented serial debug support
# Implemented the exec (and kernel) functionality required to make multitasking work (and interrupts, exceptions, syscalls, etc)
# Implemented a timer.device to utilise the hardware timers.
# Implemented a very basic gfx driver to expose the hardware's framebuffer.
# Implemented an SD-Card driver for AROS which presently only supports the raspi's chipset but can easily be modified to support all sd-card hardware and media.
# Fixed the fat filesystem support in AROS so that it can boot on RasPi's normal SD-Card setup. The &quot;rom&quot; image files needed use a different filename than the default linux, etc images so can be easily installed without harming the existing files - you only need to change the loaded images in the config file to get aros to boot.
# Updated the build scripts to automatically download the necessary raspi firmware files and wrap it all up so that you can simply extract the archive to a fat formatted sdcard and boot it on the raspi without having to get anything else.
# fix everything in contrib and ports to build for raspi (needs proper testing/fixes but allows every component to actually compile at least, including owb) + numerous other fixes to get things working on arm/raspi ..


Improvements...

# Implement a USB chipset driver &quot;OR&quot; finish the existing one [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commit/c07d13c724f944674be5db54fc6a71ee72a01809 usb otg] - the current code is mostly a skeleton that should initialise the chipset and then needs relevant code to support the different transfer types. It also has the &quot;virtual&quot; hub code in place to represent the raspi's USB port (from poseidons p.o.v) 
# Implement a driver for the USB NIC (a few weeks - depends on USB above) 
# Write an [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commit/d55d0f74d20b769bbb8c8d386e5c1d7a9154f05a audio driver] (a few weeks - independent of USB) and [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commit/e93a4c245f27a87c9c4c1d39206694b39059998a HDMI]
# fix syscall bug in the current raspi kernel code
# Graphics depend on having a decent &quot;bcmdma.resource&quot; implemented as to use the cpu's dma engine. The sd card driver needs to use it for transfers to/from the controller - and the gfx system needs to use it for &quot;blitting&quot;. 
# [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commit/4019d84e4975d4dad987a12d57fe108f5ac048e6 Improve the gfx driver], [ vc4gfx HIDD] add [http://dri.freedesktop.org/wiki/VC4/ Gallium3D support] 
# [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commit/b13905b3e8e45b089f520b44692c81affddd066f Improve] the [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commit/3a876755c070f5c73c4f53c7f4d35b4f923088b9 sdcard] device driver  - which is also pretty basic but should work with most cards, rework it to also support pci, etc. sd card interfaces on x86 
# The current code using very rudimentary access to the gpio interface - so that should be implemented as some resource for other components to access, as-well as the i2c interface exposed over the gpio interface. that should have a hidd class implemented which uses the gpio resource to communicate.


 Boot up typical for most other OSs before the open sourcing of many binary blobs from 2017 onwards 

On power-up, the rpi [http://www.open.com.au/mikem/bcm2835/ BCM 2835] [https://github.com/hermanhermitage/videocoreiv VideoCore4] GPU, not the ARM CPU, is in control, and the SD card slot is the only peripheral device with power. The firmware burned into the BCM2835's VideoCoreIV GPU PROM requires a DOS-style partition table; a FAT-formatted first partition; and the freely redistributable but closed sourced Broadcom files “bootcode.bin” and “start.elf” in that partition.

The boot sequence carries out several pre-boot tasks

*On powering of the rpi, the GPU reads and executes bootcode.bin, which then loads start.elf 
*The GPU loads the “start.elf” file, eventually, into the L2 cache and then executes it
*configures the memory split for the CPU and GPU
*reads and parses “config.txt” from the same partition on the SD card and applies the settings (like a PC’s BIOS settings)
*loads the “kernel.img” file, again from the same partition
*activates the CPU to begin executing the loaded kernel image

The CPU/GPU memory split is hard-coded into start.elf, so Broadcom provides three start.elf images, to give 32M, 64M, or 128M to the GPU for multimedia performance, and the remainder to the CPU.

RPi uses [https://github.com/raspberrypi/firmware some closed source loaders] and at some point it loads a binary blob named &quot;kernel.img&quot; at 0x8000, at that point there would be a rudimentary Aros alive. If one wants to use the SD-card then there would have to be a driver for the interface and a fat filesystem handler (SD-card has to be formatted to fat filesystem)

Boot code and kernel are now linked together and made into that binary blob, just for starters. Raspberry Pi uses [http://kernelnomicon.org/?p=133 u-boot] and [http://kernelnomicon.org/?p=138 UBoot] as bootloader, there's already some code in the Efika MX port for that. UBoot is a native bootloader and not just for the raspberry pi, it loads after start.elf.

You can find Efika MX port from arch implementations, some hacking is needed for the mmakefile.src'es as iit dates back to before the Aros crosstool era or else you get some weird errors while building. You also need to code the bootstrap and serial handling.

At the moment it seems that a fastest route for the native build would be to make one binary blob without using the package system. Raspberry's memory layout is pretty simple and if the implemented u-boot doesn't support loading other modules 

&lt;pre&gt;
?          - alias for 'help'
mtest      - simple RAM test
autoscr    - run script from memory
base       - print or set address offset
bbm        - BBM sub-system
bdinfo     - print Board Info structure
boot       - boot default, i.e., run 'bootcmd'
bootd      - boot default, i.e., run 'bootcmd'
bootm      - boot application image from memory
bootp      - boot image via network using BootP/TFTP protocol
cmp        - memory compare
coninfo    - print console devices and information
cp         - memory copy
crc32      - checksum calculation
echo       - echo args to console
fatinfo    - print information about filesystem
fatload    - load binary file from a dos filesystem
fatls      - list files in a directory (default /)
go         - start application at address 'addr'
help       - print online help
iminfo     - print header information for application image
itest      - return true/false on integer compare
jade       -
loadb      - load binary file over serial line (kermit mode)
loads      - load S-Record file over serial line
loady      - load binary file over serial line (ymodem mode)
loop       - infinite loop on address range
md         - memory display
mm         - memory modify (auto-incrementing)
mtest      - simple RAM test
mw         - memory write (fill)
nfs        - boot image via network using NFS protocol
nm         - memory modify (constant address)
pci        - list and access PCI Configuration Space
ping       - send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST to network host
printenv   - print environment variables
rarpboot   - boot image via network using RARP/TFTP protocol
reset      - Perform RESET of the CPU
run        - run commands in an environment variable
saveenv    - save environment variables to persistent storage
saves      - save S-Record file over serial line
setenv     - set environment variables
sleep      - delay execution for some time
tftpboot   - boot image via network using TFTP protocol
USB        - USB sub-system
usbboot    - boot from USB device
version    - print monitor version
&lt;/pre&gt;


And there is one more thing about modular ports. In order to actually implement this, your bootstrapping environment should provide the ability to load several files. On PC this is provided by GRUB2. on CHRP you can read filesystem via OpenFirmware, and Sam's Parthenope relies on modified u-boot. If your bootstrap allows to load only a single file, then you stuck with monolithic kickstart. By the way...  u-boot allows not only to boot up a single uImage or zImage, it also allows to write client programs AFAIK. With this approach, you actually can write modular bootstrap for ARM AROS using unmodified u-boot.

Most used [http://www.compulab.co.il/workspace/mediawiki/index.php5/U-Boot_quick_reference uboot options] are fatls usb 0:1,

the reason behind INTB_KERNEL is to allow use of the standard Exec function AddIntServer() to add interrupt handlers for
hardware drivers etc. AmigaOS never used it for abstract hardware drivers. AmigaOS  routed  only  raw  hardware IRQs there. Their assignment was hardcoded. As well as number of them. Actually on AmigaOS every bus has its own interrupt subsystem. For example PCI bus. PCI interrupts on Amiga are routed to a single exec interrupt.  1:1 relationship between CPU  and hardware interrupts is present only on PC.

IMHO we miss things like AddInterrupt/RemInterrupt methods on our PCI subsystem's device class.  PCI bus class should map these methods to whatever is appropriate. This is how it is done on AmigaOS and friends. When these are implemented, raw kernel.resource API will be needed only for several PC-specific drivers with hardwired resources. Exec IRQs are real IRQs only on Amiga hardware. On other machines they can be emulated where appropriate (VBlank is a good example). kernel.resource is meant  to be different, its IRQs are hardware-agnostic, they are plain &quot;Hardware IRQ number X, whatever this means&quot;. They are low-level actually, and meaningful only in the context of a particular system.

Was that not the transition from irq.hidd to kernel.resource? No.  A long time ago there was another hacky bit named INTB_TIMERTICK. It was &quot;abstract timer interrupt&quot;, used by timer.device. It was the same as VBlank, but with larger frequency. I removed it, because kernel.resource API was a cleaner way to access this interrupt. Furthermore, there can be more than one timer in the system. Thinking about bringing back timer HIDD definitions again. hpet.resource is a bad idea.

Can someone please enlighten me a little on how the scheduler is meant to work?
 
Poseidon.library creates its &quot;Poseidon Event Task&quot; during RTF_COLDSTART -&gt; then calls Wait(), and ends up in limbo because wait disables interrupts (used for the scheduler heartbeat), and basically waits forever because the sigbit is never set, since krnSwitch doesn't switch the task unless TF_SWITCH is set, and no codepath run during this seems to set it?? TF_SWITCH does not disable/enable switching. This flag just enables to run user-supplied hook when the task is being switched away. It is completely safe to call Wait() in Disable()d state. Doing this actually temporarily breaks this state. IDNestCnt gets remembered in struct Task, then next task is selected, and its IDNestCnt is restored in sysbase (see kernel_scheduler.c). If there are no other tasks, then your cpu_Dispatch() should enable interrupts on the CPU and enter idle mode. See x86 implementation for good example.

You miss what happens next...
 1. KrnSwitch() saves context of your task, saves IDNestCnt (core_Switch() and cpu_Switch()), then drops into cpu_Dispatch().
 2. cpu_Dispatch() calls core_Dispatch. Then two cases are possible:
 2a. There is a READY task. It is picked up, its IDNestCnt is restored in SysBase, then cpu_Dispatch() needs to restore registers and exit. The next task is run.
 2b. There are no READY tasks. core_Dispatch() returns NULL. In this case your cpu_Dispatch() should enter idle loop. It should just enable interrupts on the CPU and put it on halt. This allows it to process hardware interrupts. Eventually some of your interrupt handlers wakes up your task and puts it into READY list.

My heartbeat interrupt has been slowed atm to help debugging - but it never actually gets a chance to fire because of the Wait() disabling interrupts. Perhaps you have forgotten to enable interrupts in your idle loop.

There is a change in the format of AROS executables. Until now we were using Elf RELocable files which are usually used as intermediate object files. We had them for various reasons, one of them was how AROS files were built in the past. That days we had no real aros cross compiler and the option to embed relocation data in unix executables (or in executable files in general) was rather new and not every linux/unix system had it. Therefore we have decided to use intermediate files. Although it was somehow working (and it is still working :-)), it has some drawbacks. Therefore decided to introduce real Elf EXEC types, in first turn implemented on ARM target with option to expand in future to all other AROS architectures.

The first patch was pretty easy and appeared to work somehow. It generated nice executables with embedded relocation info. Not only that, it also removed all global symbols adjusting relocation data to be relative to the beginning of the sections. That move reduced number of symbols in each executable significantly (depending on the file between 20 and 80% of all symbols could be removed). The only symbols that stayed in the file are local ones - due to the nature of the patch wasn't able to remove them since we have not seen them in the symbol hash table.

The patch didn't worked though. The files were relocated, AROS kernel loaded, but it crashed very early. What happened? Well, the nature of ARM relocations happened :)

Most of the relocation data on all machines is rather simple. Relocation can be absolute or pc-relative, sometimes the offset has to be bit shifted. On ARM v7 there is another one. There, when one wants to load an address of function/variable into register a combination of two instructions can be used: movw and movt. The first one loads immediate into lower 16 bits of a register while clearing upper 16 bits. The second one loads immediate into upper 16 bits without touching lower halfword. Loading of a pointer into a register looks like this:

        movw r0, #:lower16:label

        movt   r0, #:upper16:label

In this case there are two relocations - one for lower halfword and another for upper. If an overflow of lower 16 bits occurs during relocation process, the upper one should be updated as well. Unfortunately with current patch and with typical ARM executables there is not enough information to perform the calculations.

There are two options - the first one would be to give up and go back to &quot;fake&quot; executables, another one would be to change from REL to RELA relocation info. The latter contains an addend, extra data which can be used to perform all the relocation calculations I need.

Decided for the second option. The patch is already in the works. There is another function for the binutils' bfd backend to perform the final relocation. There can decide what to do with every reloc info, modify data and eventually strip some symbols. An advantage is - at this stage of the linking process have also full access to all local symbols so can change all relocations section relative and eventually strip all symbols from the files. 


 GPU 

VCore developed by Alphamosaic Ltd and now owned by Broadcom. Most of start.elf runs on the GPU.   Placing ALL the userland GPU code in the videocore.hidd isn't going to be a terribly big problem because the code they published is nothing more than a shim that sends data straight to the GPU to execute.

The good news about this is that we only need to write our HIDD using the OpenVG API.   The shim is relatively small codewise and lives in the ARM memory (the actual OpenVG code itself lives in the GPU RAM area and its loaded from start.elf).   That's also the bad news.  Our driver has to translate AROS video calls to OpenVG calls, for most tasks it should be easy, for some, not so much.  It's still probably less difficult and less work, than controlling the GPU directly.

The other good news is that anything done through OpenVG happens on the GPU, its truly accelerated.   It also has some nice font functions, meaning we can lead into an accelerated text mode later.

Basically, AROS resets or locks up when it tries to use AROS_ATOMIC_INC or DEC.  If I comment out the byte/word operations in the header files and use non-atomic operations, the code works as expected.
 
have read that the L1 cache needs to be enabled to use LDREX and co (which I also read is only meant to be used on multi processor systems with shared memory) - however I am certain this is correctly enabled.

If you are using LREX or STREX, you should have L1 cache enabled, at least on the ARM CPU I work with at work.

L1 cache is enabled by enabling the MMU *AND* setting the C and I bits in the CPU - the C bit is ignored, and the I bit only covers the 16 byte instruction pipeline if the MMU is not enabled.

Can you verify that your assembly is generating LDREX/STREX? From the behavior, it almost sounds like its generating the default Semaphore locked atomics.
 Impossible. There are no semaphore-locked atomics. There are Disable()/Enable()-based ones instead. And there's a special #define AROS_NO_ATOMIC_OPERATIONS in this case, which tweaks Disable()/Enable() implementations not to recurse forever.
 I have tested this on ARMv5 which does not have ldrex/strex, it works fine. On those ARMs there's no way to have real atomics. On other OSes (like Linux) this is done by introducing things like atomic_t, which appears to be a complex structure, holding the value together with accompanying spinlock (implemented using swp).

    #warning &quot;TODO: lookup optimal mmu table settings for raspi memory&quot;
        /* Set up an identity-mapping for all 4GB */
        for(x = 0; x &lt; 4096; x ++)
        {
            pagetable[x] = x&lt;&lt;20 | (0x40002|0x80000|0x010000|0x00C00|0x04);
        }

Shouldn't there be a second loop that sets the 'C' bit in the descriptor for the RAM pages?

Currently, you have TEX=0, C=0, B=1 for all pages (Shared Device).

You should have TEX=0, C=1, B=0 for RAM (Write-Through, Cached)

    So ..
     
     pagetable[x] = x&lt;&lt;20 | 2;

     
    should be enough?

No, for RAM you need to change the '| 0x40' to '| 0x80'

tell dosboot the correct defaults to use

Please don't do this. This bootconfig.c is a deprecated legacy thing. I wanted it to go away completely with time. Instead,  display  drivers  should auto-install themselves during own initialization phase. I. e. detect hardware=&gt;instantiate itself. This   should   make  things way simpler. With this approach you only need  to add the driver into KS image to get the device autobooted. No hardcoded stuff. 
Currently  VESA  and  VGA drivers do this, look there for examples. never rewrote ATI driver because i don't have any test system for it.

they defined a smaller AROSCPUContext than the ExceptionContext - yet reference it as ExceptionContext in other places, and since it hasn't allocated enough storage for ExceptionContext, are corrupting memory/the structure (since the elements that are there don't map 1 to 1 with the exception context).

AFAIK, AROS has been moving in a different direction to this in recent years. It is the job of graphics HIDDs to allocate bitmaps etc. so that they have the most suitable characteristics, including allocating them from GPU RAM where possible. The concept of chip RAM is only for legacy code, and most if not all non-68k platforms should have all system RAM
marked as chip.

BTW, is the video processing code you mention CPU code or GPU code?

Also, IIRC we have support for &quot;external memory allocators&quot;. Perhaps that's what we need for the allocation of GPU RAM through the mailbox.

All hosted and x86 native ports should use proper context formats.

trying to clarify if the vblank handler has to have run by this point to prevent this deadlock. Actually, no. Unless you have installed VBlank handler which should wake up at some point. Without VBlank there will be no quantum count. Consequently, there will be no forced preemption. But the rest will work, and multitasking will be cooperative (switch happens only when current task voluntarily gives up the CPU). Does it depend on the vblank having run before this point? and if yes what does that mean on systems where it might be able to run enough code (e.g. get to this point) before the vblank interrupt has triggered? What is it waiting for? It could wait for timer, in this case you need timer.device working. VBlank is currently needed for exec's quantum counter. In current native ports we have only a single timer, which is served by timer.device. VBlank is simulated by timer.device also. If your machine has two timers, then you can use one of them for VBlank, and another for timer.device, this will simplify things down. VBlank needs to be 50 Hz for historical reasons, many programs use it as cheap timer. I am periodically thinking about making some abstract mechanism to be able to change quantum source (and untie it from 50 Hz), but have no time to come up with something good. Additionally i started disliking timer.device hardcoded design when PC has got many timers (old 8253, APIC, HPET).
Currently i think there should be some low-level entity representing tick source. timer.device should just select the most appropriate source for its units.
The BCM2835 has 4 GPU based timer sources - 2 are used by the GPU, so im using Timer3 for our heartbeat and the remaining one will be free to the system. There is also the less capable ARM timer but that is dependent on the CPU frequency. Very good. You won't need any emulation. Set the heartbeat to 50 Hz and drive VBlank from it. Use other timer for MicroHZ.

Can you use the 'econsole.hook' I make for debugging the Sam460 via the serial port?
It provides a before-anything-else shell prompt on the serial port.  You can then do 'NewCLI' to test your graphics, or use any DOS command in shellcommands.resource.

You should just be able to add econsole.hook to your module list, and use 'econsole' in your bootargs.

So long as you have a working Exec/RawMayGetChar and Exec/RawPutChar, it should work.

Also make sure to add shell.resource and shellcommands.resource for this.

That should have done it.

If you set &quot;#define DEBUG 1&quot; in  arch/all-native/econsole/econsole.c, do you get any additional serial output?

have added it to the build and added econsole to the command line - and can see the bootloader picks up on the emergency bootconsole tag, but I still only get the insert bootable media display?

Im assuming it exposes a fake filesystem that tricks aros into booting?
The contents of which are: ECON:AROS.boot

Way to handle the scheduling code? The implementations I had been following were causing problems, due to cascading interrupts which I cant handle properly in the asm stubs just now (when they break disable etc.) - since it means detecting the interrupted codes cpu mode and getting the correct sp/lr for it, and that's just too tedious for arm.
 
To work around this ive added a system idle task which does nothing - and when the scheduling code has no task to run switches this in and lets it run, thereby allowing the interrupts etc to resume until something does need to happen.
 
Also, by adding accounting code to cpu_Switch() and cpu_Dispatch(), it should allow the system to log idle time correctly (as well as running tasks).
 
have thought of also adding an additional task that never runs, solely to record time spent in IRQ handlers, but I digress..

was under the impression that kernel.resource should *never* be used outside of exec.library. This is a wrong impression.
Michal started designing it because portable nature of AROS does not fit well into exec's API with all its assumptions. So, he started the new, hardware-agnostic kernel API from scratch. Yes, exec sits on top of it in places. But kernel always meant to be open thing. Otherwise it would not exist. 
it wasn't meant to be just used willy nilly by user code - but by lower system components (e.g. exec) so that they could be implemented in a more generic fashion, and the kernel resource itself hide the systems quirks.

Adding new things there perfectly keeps up with our decision to minimize AROS-specific intervention into APIs which can clash with MorphOS or Amiga OS4 extensions. We want at least source-level compatibility there. Binary compatibility on PPC would be extremely cool, but at the other hand we have no maintainer for this, as well as their ABIs splintering. 
It depends on what exactly is being implemented - there's no reason we should have everything crammed into kernel.resource if it doesn't need to be (i.e. if its better suited as a separate component/subsystem in its own right)

The _LE versions are for when you have endian swapping taking place.  If the graphics are the same endian as the CPU, no swapping should occur.  I ran into a similar terminology problem in SDL with a friend insisting that his Radeon 7000 on his PC was big-endian.  It is not, it just uses the same endianness for the graphics card and the CPU so no swapping was necessary.  They were both little-endian.
The _LE versions are because the PixFmts refer to the bitmap data being in big endian format in memory, for which the normal version would need to do endianness conversion before applying the shifts/masks. on this platform it is in _LE in memory also so we don't need the conversion hence using the _LE version of the call). would use _LE (if it's really little endian 16 bit mode).

 
What is the bare minimum needed to implement a framebuffer based gfx driver, with our software handling the rest?

Have tried with just a gfx class that only expose new/dispose/newbitmap - and having an onscreenbitmap used only for the framebuffer itself (with all other bitmaps being chunkybm, and the framebuffer's superclass also being chunkybm), but that alone isn't enough it seems?
You can use workbench/hidds/sm502/ as your example - it is as simple as I could make it.
So, AROS creates the framebuffer bitmap (verified this) -&gt; so surely it should be capable of then rendeing into it? I don't actually create the framebuffer &quot;bitmap object&quot; myself - only as a result of being asked to. The code I currently have on SVN seems to create the framebuffers bitmap object fine, but then crashes in intuitions DisplayDriver callback.  In particular it crashes performing the getattr on the system default pointer. don't expose MEMF_CHIP in an allocatable form so AllocSpriteData was failing (and other code later doesn't check if the values are valid == illegal memory accesses) 

So far have -:

vc_init: queries the gpus memory, and sets up a fake memory handler for it, then adds the bootmode driver and returns saying all is well
vc_gfxhidd:New: sets up some fake syncmodes to test with and creates the real gfx object.
vc_gfxhidd:NewBitmap: checks if its a framebuffer and uses the onbitmap class or uses the chunkybm class otherwise
vc_onbitmap:New; creates a chunkybm object and then pushes the real framebuffer address into it as the buffer,

vc4 had v8adds, v8subs, v8muld, v8min and v8max which operated on four 8bit uint values packed into a 32bit register. Multiplication was in the range 0.0 to 1.0 and addition/subtraction saturated. There were also a range unpacking/packing modes that allowed you to pack and unpack 8bit values into 32bit registers. 

RasPi has to speak to the &quot;operating system&quot; which runs on the GPU itself and request/free memory - it cant directly manage it itself, and so the managed functions were used to wrap these calls.

The Arm and GPU share memory space. The framebuffer is shared. The Arm can write a pixel and it will appear on the screen (through GPU hardware) without flushing/copying being required.

The GPU can composite multiple FB's in real time - so you have a number of surfaces defined which are rotated etc and  composited in real time to the output. Copying can map from the address space of the Arm to the flat space of the GPU which takes some code, but I don't think whole buffers are copied.

The DMA hardware can also access the whole memory space and can perform 2D fills and blits (no blending). This is documented in the peripheral spec posted. The DMA is just an Arm accessible peripheral and can be set up with low latency (e.g. microseconds).
must use a 0xc0000000-based bus address to access SDRAM, yet non-DMA access should go via a 0x0-based bus address. 
For 2D dma, set TDMODE, and the spec says &quot;interpret the TXFR_LEN register as YLENGTH number of transfers each of XLENGTH, and add the strides to the address after each transfer.&quot; so set STRIDE to pitch of the image, the width is XLENGTH and height is YLENGTH. You would fill by not setting the SRC_INC and point source to your fill data.

The DMA cannot see the ARM's L1 cache, so you would map the framebuffer with ioremap_nocache. Depending on where the source data comes from, it may need an L1 cache flush. The DMA can see the L2 cache. Use 0xC0000000 bus addresses when L2 is disabled and 0x40000000 bus addresses when L2 is enabled. (actually just call virt_to_bus and you'll get the right address out).

openGLES/openVG has high latency. Writing to framebuffer then reading it back is very inefficient (e.g. milliseconds). If you can drive it a unidirectional way, just streaming commands at then that is efficient. openVG is not implemented on top of openGLES - it uses the same hardware but as a first class interface

To improve the Gfx driver, we will need a DMA resource implemented so can use to perform DMA operations. The Gfx driver will need this to perform blits.


Actually MEMF_CHIP has to present, for historical reasons.
This has been never fully agreed upon, but in ports i wrote i exposed the whole memory as MEMF_CHIP. The idea behind this is that CHIP is originally the memory where graphics and sound data can be put. On non-Amiga platforms there are no restrictions on this, so the whole memory is CHIP.
Yes, many old software can misbehave with CHIP memory size larger than 2MB. But this actually applies only to m68k AROS which is going to run m68k binaries. In other cases it's quite logical to fix the program when porting.

As to original question: yes, it's enough to have a framebuffer bitmap (one with aoHidd_BitMap_FrameBuffer set to TRUE) and PutPixel routine. It framebuffer can be served by chunky bitmap class, then you can simply create chunky bitmap with your own buffer (see how VESA driver does this). Chunky PutPixel is already there.

struggling to determine what is the correct pixfmt to use for the 24/16/15 bit gfx modes on the RasPi.  AFAIK it uses RGB565, for 16bit but im unsure what shifts etc should go with it? suffice to say Im getting the wrong colors so far lol.

&lt;pre&gt;
redmask: 0x0000F800
greenmask: 0x000007E0
bluemask: 0x0000001F
alphamask: 0

redshift: 16
greenshift: 21
blueshift: 27
alphashift: 0
&lt;/pre&gt;

It should likely be vHidd_StdPixFmt_RGB16_LE

This stuff is a bit confusing.  The &quot;names&quot; of the stdpixfmts are based on the layout in memory,
ignoring endianess. So for example:

ARGB32: will be 0xAA 0xRR 0xGG 0xBB in memory on both big endian and little endian machines.

The shifts and masks OTOH are based on pixel access (ULONG in this case), so differ depending
on whether you run on big endian machine or little endian machine (that's why there's stdpixfmt_le.h and
stdpixfmt_be.h in rom/hidds/graphics/).

With the 16 bit pixel format it's even more confusing, as for example it's impossible on little endian machine
to describe RGB16 with shifts/masks alone. That's why there's vHidd_PixFmt_SwapPixelBytes_Flag.
(RGB16 == RRRRRGGG GGGBBBBB in memory, and for pixel (WORD) access on little endian machine it needs to
be accessed as GGGBBBBBRRRRRGGGG).

The shifts btw indicate how much to shift the component to the left (!) so that it is moved to the highest bit (31).

The aHidd_PixFmt_StdPixFmt you specify will be ignored most of the time, because when the pixelfmt is registered,
the gfx hidd checks if there's an identical pixfmt (shifts/masks/etc., but ignoring pixfmt-&gt;stdpixfmt) already in the system,
and if so, it uses the already existing one and does not create a new one.

In theory it would be better if gfx drivers could simply/only specify a StdPixFmt without all the shifts/masks stuff when the
gfx driver uses pixfmt which matches one of the stdpixfmts exactly. Another possibility would be for gfx drivers to use
HIDD_Gfx_GetPIxFmt(stdpixfmt_gfx_driver_wants_to_use) and then peek shifts/masks from it and fill out a pixfmt
tag list based on that.
15bit very blue/green: Try to pass same shifts/masks/etc. as in 16 bit pixfmt (maybe you think it's using 15 bit R5G5B5
(or swapped) but it's actually still using 16 bit R5G6B5 (or swapped).
 aHidd_PixFmt_StdPixFmt you pass is mostly ignored. It's the shift/masks/etc. that count.
But I would still pass the correct one (_LE) == whatever rom/hidds/graphics/stdpixfmts_??.h uses
in the entry where you have looked up shifts/masks/etc.

Use the shifts/masks/etc. from the entry in stdpixfmt_le.h (if you are running on little endian machine) or stdpixfmt_be.h (if you
are running on little endian machine) that matches the pixfmt that its meant to be.

0xAA,0xRR,0xGG,0xBB on little endian (-&gt;entry in stdpixfmt_le.h which says vHidd_StdPixFmt_ARGB32)
0xBB,0xGG,0xRR,0xAA on little endian (-&gt;entry in stdpixfmt_le.h which says vHidd_StdPixFmt_BGRA32)

0xAA,0xRR,0xGG,0xBB on big endian (-&gt;entry in stdpixfmt_be.h which says vHidd_StdPixFmt_ARGB32)
0xBB,0xGG,0xRR,0xAA on big endian (-&gt;entry in stdpixfmt_be.h which says vHidd_StdPixFmt_BGRA32)

it feels like AROS trashes the alpha component, otherwise it should be 8A8R8G8B.

read on the subject suggest its in 1x5r5g5b (x is ignored) to keep 16bit alignment .
 
Suggests to me that wrong shift/mask are being applied - however going by the 16bit versions it all looks correct to me so I am really confused as to what is happening.

The output image looks to have too much green/blue, and very weak red.


 Kickstart 

The  idea  is  to minimize amount of archirecture-specific modules to make the user's  life  easier.  So,  the kickstart was split into 'base' (which  does  not  contain anything machine-specific) and 'BSP' (Board Support Package) which contains all hardware-specific stuff. This  way,  for  example, distribution makers can save up space on CD and  make  CDs with multiple platform support. Different configuration would load the same base with different BSP's.

Next  there  was some part which is entirely missing on hosted. These are   filesystems.  Hosted  ports  do  not need them to boot up, so on hosted   they  are  left  out.  At  the  other  hand,  they  are  also architecture-agnostic.  So  i put them into 'FS' package (standing for 'filesystem').


 USB 

Poseidon  is  one  more  big part. I made it into separate package in order to allow users to omit it if they don't need it (for example, to run  on retro PCs without USB). Personally i have one. Again, Poseidon is  hardware-agnostic (well, there are USB drivers but HCIs are pretty standard).

AFAIK its HCI 1.0 compliant but not familiar enough with poseidons drivers, nor USB, to just hack away at the existing code.  Perhaps once i'm more familiar with the workings I can merge in the changes needed to get it operating but for now I will focus on getting it running.  Also our drivers have known issues so perhaps a fresh set of eyes might shed some light on what is going wrong.

Another interesting question is whether Poseidon can operate on device side. Is it flexible enough? How similar is being a USB host and USB device? think it will need a bit of work on Poseidon's side.  Until then I will force the driver into Host/Master mode in the init code, but leave open device etc to configure the chipset for either's use - and look at trying to add support for working in Device/Slave mode &amp; switching modes once it's up and running.

Actually USBROMStartup is some kind of kludge. Can there be any alternative? Could device drivers be self-installing, like our HIDDs? This would get rid of need to list them in USBRomStartup.

* Model A and B limited to 150 mA per port. 
* Model B+ and Pi 2 introduced configurable 600 mA to 1.2 A support over all ports - anything above that requires a powered USB hub.

Implementing the hardware driver that Poseidon uses to interact with the USB components.

Have code in place to (try) and initialise the USB chipset, and configure host/device mode operation (though AFAICT Poseidon doesn't support device mode). Started to get the &quot;virtual&quot; root hub written for the single USB port so that Poseidon should at least list it correctly in the GUI - and try to interact with it to find peripherals.


The BCM2835 uses a soft IP block from Synopsys’ DesignWare library (DWC), specifically the block is called dwc_usb_2_0_hs_otg_subsystem-ahb_se (“USB 2.0 Hi-Speed OTG Controller Subsystem w/AHB Interface SE”).

There is no public documentation for this, and pretty much zero chance of anyone getting hold of it even with NDA. However, there's a Linux driver written by Synopsys ([https://github.com/raspberrypi/linux dwc_usb]). Specifically directories [https://github.com/raspberrypi/linux/tree/rpi-patches/drivers/usb/host dwc_common_port] and [https://github.com/raspberrypi/linux/tree/rpi-patches/drivers/usb/host dwc_otg].

The Synopsys code is actually under a fairly permissive licence – it's not GPL, it's similar to BSD (’don't sue us if it breaks’ is pretty much the only clause). So this should not be a barrier to porting the code.

The code is really well written, with a nice partition between the work done by the driver (dwc_otg, which is fairly involved, given the host does more work than a conventional EHCI driver), and the interface to Linux (dwc_common_port).

Probably only need provision of relevant changes to dwc_common_port. Other things to consider....

* Provision of necessary headers to get it to compile
* Provision of necessary functions (main issues are wait queues, threads, work queues, tasklets, timers, spinlocks and mutexes (multithreading) )
* Interfacing between USB stack and the driver. dwc_otg/dwc_otg_hcd_linux.c looks like the place to start.

the Linux bits of the headers are only required for the dwc_common_port library. dwc_common_port includes a variety of crypto functions which are not used – it appears to also be used for ultrawideband (UWB) and wireless USB (WUSB) drivers where crypto will be an issue, but it isn't going to be for plain wired USB.

Every USB driver acts as an USB hub as well in order to let Poseidon control the state of USB ports. The code there was reading status of the only USB port in Raspberry's CPU but when changing the status it erroneously deleted some of the status bits, including the port enable one. It was so because those bits in the status register are of a type Read/WriteToClear. It means, if one does not want to change their value from 1 back to 0, one has to actually write the 0 value. Very practical thing e.g. in interrupt handlers, where one reads the interrupt status register to learn what was the interrupt reason, and writes it back to the same register in order to clear the interrupts. 

After fixing that code it turned out that the communication was still unsuccessful. Apparently the USB device was not understanding the host for some reason. That should not happen since the request sent was one of the standard ones implemented by virtually anything with an USB connector, assumed that Poseidon clears the data caches before forwarding the work to the USB drivers but that's the responsibility of the driver itself. 

The USB device responded and acknowledged the transmission! But why were all the request sent after address change failing with timeout? They should not. Once again, address set is supported just by anything. Tried to contact the device at address 0 once again and there it was, still responding properly. The enlightenment came. The bus address for DMA transmissions was, as it is in many bare metal USB implementations, just the pure memory address of the buffer as seen by the ARM cpu. Have &quot;prefixed&quot; it with the real location of uncached RAM and booted AROS once again. 


Trident saw this:

    Product     : Hub: Vdr=0424/PID=9514
    Manufacturer: Standard Microsystems Corp.
    SerialNumber: n/a
    /Users/michal/git/AROS/rom/USB/poseidon/./poseidon.library.c:psd_20_psdEnumerateDevice/3092: USBVersion: 0200
    Class     : 9
    SubClass  : 0
    DevProto  : 2
    VendorID  : 1060
    ProductID : 38164
    DevVers   : 0200

and this:

    Product     : Vendor: Vdr=0424/PID=EC00
    Manufacturer: Standard Microsystems Corp.
    SerialNumber: n/a
    /Users/michal/git/AROS/rom/USB/poseidon/./poseidon.library.c:psd_20_psdEnumerateDevice/3092: USBVersion: 0200
    Class     : 255
    SubClass  : 0
    DevProto  : 1
    VendorID  : 1060
    ProductID : 60416
    DevVers   : 0200

and even this:

    Product     : Hub: Vdr=0424/PID=9514
    Manufacturer: Standard Microsystems Corp.
    SerialNumber: n/a
    /Users/michal/git/AROS/rom/USB/poseidon/./poseidon.library.c:psd_20_psdEnumerateDevice/3092: USBVersion: 0200
    Class     : 9
    SubClass  : 0
    DevProto  : 2
    VendorID  : 1060
    ProductID : 38164
    DevVers   : 0200

What are these things? The first one is USB hub built in the Raspberry. Thanks to this one the Pi machines (with exception of Pi0 and computing modules) have more than just one single USB port. The second one is the network chip in raspberry, the third one is my USB SD card reader which have just connected to see what happens. AROS tried, of course, to boot from it ;)

So, the first step towards working USB is done. The control transfers are working as you can see above. Next step is to implement bulk and interrupt transfers, having the basics in place. Finally some error handling will be added and USB for Pi will be as complete as the PC version. 

[http://www.raspyfi.com/raspberry-pi-usb-audio-fix/ Issue with USB Audio]


 Audio 

The Pi 4B is the only Pi that can output HD Audio as an HD Audio passthrough bitstream, and it does it over HDMI. It's possible to use the two HDMI output for separate HDMI video and HDMI audio outputs to allow UHD HDR video and HD Audio with non-UHD HDR compatible AVRs. 

The Pi3B+ and earlier will decode to PCM 5.1/7.1 and output over HDMI.  HDMI is the only interconnect that has a standard for carrying Dolby True HD, DTS HD MA etc. as a bitstream - you can't carry it as a bitstream on any other interface.

Pi3 and Pi4 audio jack output derived from 12bit pulse width modulation is relatively poor. For better, choose USB Audio or I2C versions. 

[https://github.com/raspberrypi/linux/tree/rpi-patches/sound/arm audio] and its [https://github.com/raspberrypi/firmware/issues/2 very high speed message passing interface type of thing VCHI] 

The Model B+ added an additional voltage regulator for the audio output and an additional output driver to drive low-resistance loads like headphones. However it is still using pulse-width modulation (PWM), which has a major impact on sound quality

the old Raspberry Pi used a linear voltage regulator to provide the 3.3V to many of the components on the board while the new one uses a switching regulator. Both can perform reasonably well. However switch mode power supplies often show higher noise figures

Analogue audio

Audio over HDMI rev 1.3 &amp; 1.4


 Ethernet 

10/100 BaseT Ethernet RJ45 socket


 GPIO 

GPIO shouldn't be too bad but bear in mind it is already accessed in places so they would need to allocate pins etc through it (e.g. sdcard to flicker the activity light, serial debug to output data on the GPIO pins)

Probably a resource rather than a device...

Started an i2c driver that will need to allocate GPIO pins. Feel free to work on it if you are interested ;p


 GPU graphics with 2D and 3D acceleration 

Sadly none yet for 32bit but for 64bit... 


 Miscellanous

hdmi issues

Setting the hdmi_force_hotplug=1 makes sure the Pi believes the monitor/TV is really there.

You might also need to set config_hdmi_boost=4 or even higher (up to 9) if your display needs a stronger signal.

If the display is a computer monitor or newer tv, use hdmi_group=1 (auto HDMI use) and if it is an older TV, try hdmi_group=2 (for DMT formats, i.e. for PC monitors) then you HAVE to &quot;set hdmi_drive = 2 to enable HDMI output as this forces HDMI mode rather than DVI mode

Do not set hdmi_safe=1 as that overrides many of the previous options.

Using a shorter or better quality HDMI cable might help. Make sure your Pi's power supply delivers 1 A and not 500 mA.
If you see a problem with the red colour - either absent, or interference - then try a boost

composite video

changing the RCA cable, then the composite port worked out of the box

Boot it as you are doing, without HDMI. If you now plug in the HDMI, do you get the image? In other words, does the Pi think HDMI is connected even when it isn't?

Rename all the files in the first partion of the card except bootcode.bin, start.elf and fixup.dat  What's the result?

Put back config.txt What's the result?

for PAL mode   sdtv_mode=2

dmi_ignore_hotplug Pretends HDMI hotplug signal is not asserted so it appears a HDMI display is not attached
hdmi_ignore_hotplug=1 Use composite mode even if HDMI monitor is detected

&lt;pre&gt;
# NOOBS Auto-generated Settings:
#hdmi_force_hotplug=1
#config_hdmi_boost=4
#overscan_left=24
#overscan_right=24
#overscan_top=16
#overscan_bottom=16
#disable_overscan=0
start_x=1
gpu_mem=128
&lt;/pre&gt;

tvservice -c &quot;PAL 4:3&quot;

&lt;pre&gt;
/opt/vc/bin/tvservice -s   or tvservice -s 
state: HPD high|HDMI mode|HDCP off|composite off (0x12001a), 1920x1080 @ 60 Hz, progressive

/opt/vc/bin/tvservice -m CEA
Group CEA has 1 modes:
(native) mode 16: 1920x1080 @ 60 Hz, progressive

/opt/vc/bin/tvservice -m DMT
Group DMT has 0 modes:
&lt;/pre&gt;

sudo amixer cset numid=3 1

forces the audio to the headphone jack, even with the HDMI video output plugged in

config.txt

the hdmi_ignore_edid_audio=1 option sems relevant as it should tell ALSA that the only available audio is analog, no matter what the display says

There are several different ways that these 4 pole (ring) composite analog cables can be wired up, so some work great in some applications and can be a waste of time in others.

What is needed for the Raspberry Pi B+ and above, which like many camcorders needs the ring contact next to the base contact to be the ground.


The wiring for the 4 pole are:

TIP (LEFT AUDIO CHANNEL)

RING 1 (RIGHT AUDIO CHANNEL)

RING 2 (GROUND/EARTH)

RING 3 BASE/SLEEVE (VIDEO) YELLOW

Most Apple based Players and the Microsoft Zune (TM) are wired this way.

Most analogue camcorders are wired this way as well, where the ground in on Ring 2 will work with the Pi although you may need to swap your Video plug with the Right Audio plug.

Nearly all other MP3 players are not wired this way, the ground is on another ring ie the wrong one.


External devices

* Camera Module Omnivision ov5647 Sunny 5MP (NoIR version) V1.3 - NoIR at 850&amp;nbsp;nm, peak at 880&amp;nbsp;nm and trails off at 940&amp;nbsp;nm wavelengths 
* Camera V2 Sony IMX219 V2.1 8mpixel 8MP 8megapixel - 3280 x 2464 pixels - video at 1080p30, 720p60 and 640x480p90 - wider field of view, 62 vs 54 degrees horizontally - 
* Branded WIFI usb BCM43143 dongle

N.B.  dreaded error after changing cameras (stupidly without turning off the power first) and lasted through several power cycles.  It can be a bad 15-pin FFC ribbon cable, when swapped, camera(s) and the Pi itself are working OK. It can be an instance of a cold solder joint on the CSI connector on the pi board.  the camera can be detected (that's done via I2C) but may still not be able to receive image data (done via CSI-2) if something is broken. CSI-2 is uni-directional. Control is generally done via I2C. 
The CSI-2 receiver always writes to memory, not direct to the ISP. That's the way the Broadcom architecture works as it allows multipass processing easily. GPU memory is accessible from the ARM. Processing using the QPU graphics processors may be possible.  currently the only supported sensor is OV5647 and IMX219.  The linux drivers are all in the firmware blob, else you'd  be looking at at least a man-month of work in a fully fledged imaging lab to do a decent tuning of the camera modules' ISP parameters. 
Static electricity maybe an issue for the camera module and slightly less for the pi board.


== References ==


===Good sites to visit===

*[https://github.com/raspberrypi/firmware/tree/master/ Raspberry Pi Firmware build] 
*[https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/computers/software-sources.html Documentation] 
*[https://rpilocator.com/ RPiLocator] 


Linux only
*[https://github.com/raspberrypi/linux Raspberry Pi Linux Build] 
*[https://dietpi.com/ DietPi] 
*[http://www.tinycorelinux.net/ports.html piCore]
*[https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi Alpine Linux] 
*[https://github.com/armbian/build Armbian] 


*[ FydeOS]
*[ TwisterOS based on ChromiumOS] 
*[https://note.com/jamesmondo/n/nc76e31402be8?hl=en BSD] 


*[https://www.raspberrypi.com/software/operating-systems/ PiOS Lite] and then [https://hstwb.firstrealize.com/ HST] 
*[ PiMiga for pi4 and pi5] 
*[ amibian for pi2 and pi3] 
*[ retropie pi1 and 2] 


Other alternative lighter smaller than Pi OS 
*[https://aros.sourceforge.io/nightly1.html Aros 64bit ARMV8 single core] 
*[https://www.riscosopen.org/wiki/documentation/show/Welcome%20to%20RISC%20OS%20Pi RiscOS on Pi3 and Pi4]
*[https://github.com/michalsc/Emu68 ARM based realtime JIT 68k for amiga computers] 
*[https://github.com/JJDSNT/bellatrix/releases/ Alternative use of Emu68 on Pi3b] 
*[https://github.com/stevereaver/uaos uaOS with Emu68k] 
*[https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commit/f80a268607dfae81b2db94755ab4e4d31ccb72d6 m68kemu library reference] 
*[ HaikuOS]
*[https://github.com/raspberrypi/noobs NOOBS] os loader with successor [https://github.com/procount/pinn PINN] 
*[https://github.com/maxnet/berryboot berryboot]

*[https://github.com/brianwiddas/pi-baremetal Bare Metal Access on Pi 32bit] 


Testing procedure is put sd card in, connect board to board if necessary, plug in hdmi and then power nothing else is done especially CSI DSI etc 

[https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/computers/compute-module.html CM5] has the same 55mm x 40mm 2x100pin connectors form factor as the CM4 but [https://www.epdtonthenet.net/article/214508/Key-Considerations-When-Migrating-from-Raspberry-Pi-CM4-to-CM5.aspx some pins and other small things] have changed. Will need the [https://raspipcb.com/tech-blog/raspberry-pi-cm4-vs-cm5-difference-in-booting-from-sd-card/ right IO board to suit] 

*Green [ Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5 IO Board REV2 [https://pip.raspberrypi.com/categories/1097-raspberry-pi-compute-module-5-io-board SC1967]] - untested 
*Green [ RPi Compute Module 5 IO board REV1 [https://pip.raspberrypi.com/categories/1097-raspberry-pi-compute-module-5-io-board SC1751]] - untested 
*Black SupTronics Geekbord X1500 CM5 IO Carrier Board - untested
*Black DeskPi Super6C Cluster Mini-ITX Board - untested 
*[https://sipeed.com/nanocluster Sipeed NanoCluster] - untested up to 7 CM5 
*Green BentoIO CMX0 - untested 
*Box EDATec ED-CLAWBOX - untested 
*Home Assistant Yellow - Kit with PoE with Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5 - untested 
*Blue [https://www.waveshare.com/wiki/CM5_PoE_BASE_A Waveshare CM5-PoE-BASE-A] - untested 
*Box  Waveshare [ CM5-POE-BOX-A] - untested 
*Blue [https://www.waveshare.com/wiki/CM5-IO-BASE-B Waveshare CM5-IO-BASE-B] - untested 
*Blue [https://www.waveshare.com/wiki/CM5-IO-BASE-A Waveshare CM5-IO-BASE-A] - untested 
*Blue Waveshare [https://www.waveshare.com/wiki/CM5-NANO-B CM5-NANO-B] - untested 


*[https://carboncomputers.us/products/pi-flux piFlux]
*[https://carboncomputers.us/products/ Zitaotech Hackberry] CM5 lite only - 
*Portable [https://www.waveshare.com/pocketterm35.htm Waveshare PocketTerm35] with Pi4B or Pi5 - untested 
*Box [https://www.clockworkpi.com/uconsole ClockworkPi uConsole][https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EtI_bAahbR8 CM4 into an adapter or CM3 into so-dimm - Cyberdeck] - untested 


*Green RPi [https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/cm4io/CM4IO-KiCAD.zip Compute Module 4] [https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/cm4io/cm4io-datasheet.pdf IO board] V1.4 [https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/cm4io/CM4IOUSB3-KiCAD.zip USB3] [https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/cm4io/cm4iousb3-appnote.pdf CM4ISO] [https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/cm4/cm4-datasheet.pdf Dual100pin] (2020) aka Development Platform Board - untested 
*Purple Pi Hut Cytron CM4 Maker Board - untested 
*Black DeskPi Super6C Cluster Mini-ITX Board - untested 
*[ KubeSail PiBox mini 2] 
*Home Assistant Yellow with Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4 - untested 
*[ Turing Pi V2] - untested CM4 with 260-pin SO-DIMM socket adapters and/or nvidia jetson nanos - untested 
*Blue [https://www.waveshare.com/wiki/CM4-IO-BASE-C Waveshare CM4-IO-BASE-C] - untested but binary blobs Rev01 Rev02 
*Blue [https://www.waveshare.com/wiki/CM4-IO-BASE-B Waveshare CM4-IO-BASE-B] - untested but binary blobs 
*Blue [https://www.waveshare.com/wiki/CM4-IO-BASE-A Waveshare CM4-IO-BASE-A] - untested but binary blobs 
*Blue [https://www.waveshare.com/wiki/CM4-NANO-B Waveshare CM4-NANO] - untested but usb and audio turned off or rerouted 
*Black [ Seeed Studio with BigTreeTech BTT pad 7] - bin blobs? 


CM3 has a 200 pin sodimm ddr2 connector form factor but not electrically SC0028, SC0029 
*Blue [https://wiki.geekworm.com/CM_IO_Board Geekworm RPi Compute Module IO Board] [https://github.com/geekworm-com/cm-io-board CSI DSI] with CM3 in ddr2 slot underside - '''works''' if SW1 on but CM3+ '''does not''' 
*Green [https://cdn-shop.adafruit.com/product-files/3442/CMIO_schematic.pdf RPi V3 IO board CM3IO] and CM3 Lite - untested 
*Green [https://turingpi.com/ turingpi v1 cluster] - untested up to 7 cm3 7xlan9514 12V discontinued, 3 x Pi4 homelab maybe better 
*Blue [https://www.waveshare.com/wiki/Compute_Module_PoE_Board Waveshare Compute Module PoE Board] and CM3 lite (if not lite, write files to internal eMMC fat32) '''AVOID''' bin blobs 
*Blue [https://www.waveshare.com/compute-module-io-board-plus.htm Waveshare Compute Module IO Board Plus] [https://www.waveshare.com/wiki/Compute_Module_IO_Board_Plus wiki] [https://forums.raspberrypi.com/viewtopic.php?t=235695 pin settings] with CM3+ Lite - '''AVOID''' binary blob 


*[ Pi02w on Geekworm SupTronics X305 Raspberry Pi Zero IO Baseboard] - untested 
*[ Spotpear Pi Zero 2w to Pi3b format-ish] - untested 


*[ pi-top v4] box has 128x64 oled display, micro hdmi, 19Whr battery with pi4 and 15V PD 36W min needed 
*[ pi-top v3] three green pieces, heatsink covers most of the base tray, pi-top hub mk1 lhs and Pi1B Pi2b Pi3b rhs secured from below, black rounded strip with pi-top above keyboard, 13.3&quot; HD 1366 x 768 display, small touchpad, 
*[ pi-top Model 2.0] pi-top on bottom bezel of 14-inch green laptop, large trackpad, keyboard slide down to reveal main system hub on slide rails moved to the right, Raspberry Pi3b screws down, hub slides in, 18V 2.5A 45W charger brick, battery 11.1V 3500mAh 38.85Wh and storage PiTopOS 
*[ Pi-Top CEED Raspberry Pi Modular Educational Desktop with RPI3] monitor 
*[https://www.indiegogo.com/en/projects/jesselozano/pi-top-a-raspberry-pi-laptop-you-build-yourself Pi-Top v1] wedge laptop with RPi2 


&lt;pre&gt;
2008 Trustees collected for Foundation
2009 Pi Foundation charity status gained 
2010 
2011 First Raspberry prototypes 
2012 First boards go on sale at CPC and RS. The Model A and B 700 MHz Arm11 - February 29th BCM 2835
2012 First million sold - more than the 10,000 original planned and anticipated 
2013 First Alpha Experimental builds of AROS Native for the 32bit Pi 
2013 Pi Trading launched making grants available, providing in house educational resources and Pi Academy for teacher training 
2013 Over two million sold 
2014 Over three million sold 
2014 Pi 1 Model B+ introduced that moved composite video to audio jack and same half gig of memory 
2014 Pi Model A+ v1.1 no ethernet and 1 usb - a little smaller - 
2015 Over four million first gen pis sold  
2015 Pi Zero 1.2 BCM2835 first production revision released with no camera port 
2016 Pi0 1.3 released with camera csi connector 
2017 Pi Zero W v1.1 1GHz Pi0W, single-core 32bit CPU BCM2835 released with Cypress CYW43438 wireless 
2020 Raspberry Pi Pico SC0919 with RP2040 32-bit 2Core ARM Cortex-M0+ up to 133 MHz - 264KB of SRAM and 2MB of on-board QSPI Flash - 
2024 Raspberry Pi Pico 2 with RP2350 2Core 32bit Arm Cortex-M33 and 2core open-hardware [https://github.com/wren6991/hazard3 Hazard3 RISC-V] 

2015 Pi 2 Model B v1.1 BCM2836 900/600 MHz ARM Cortex-A7 Armv7 quad 32bit, 32bit VideoCore IV GPU - 1Gb RAM - 5V 2A micro usb - SMSC LAN9514 chip - 
2015 Over a million pi2s sold 


2015 Raspberry Pi 2 Model B version 1.2 Pi2bv1.2, aka Pi2B2 has armv8 BCM2837 underclocked to 900Mhz without wifi/bluetooth module 
2016 Pi 3 Model B - Broadcom BCM2837 SOC four 64bit ARMv8 Cortex-A53 1.2GHz 32bit 1080p VideoCore IV GPU - 1Gb DDR2 - bluetooth 4.1, Cypress CYW43438 wireless 802.11n - 4 x USB2.0 ports - 5.1V 2.5A - SMSC LAN9514 chip 
2016 PIs total over 10 million worldwide 
2017 Compute Module 3 CM3 with BCM2837B0 armv8 Quad 64-bit - small 67.6mm x 31mm board which fits DDR2 SODIMM connector but not electrically compatible which plugs into needed IO board - beware of the I2C protocol issue 
     1Gb LPDDR2 RAM - Lite or 4Gb Emmc storage 
2017 12 million pis sold in total 
2018 Pi 3 Model B+ - 4c A53 BCM2837B0 1.4Ghz - 1Gb, wireless 802.11ac, gigabit ethernet (300Mbit/s) and bluetooth 4.2 - power over ethernet - 4 x USB2.0 ports - Microchip LAN7515 chip 
2019 Over 15 million sold 
2019 Pi 3 Model A+ with BCM2837b0 Cortex-A53 64-bit SoC @ 1.4 GHz with 512Mb LPDDR2, 1 usb2, 1 hdmi, 1 micro usb 5V 2A - no ethernet - 
2019 Raspberry Pi Compute Module 3+ CM3+ - Broadcom BCM2837B0 1.2Ghz, Cortex-A53 (ARMv8) 64-bit SoC on DDR2 SODIMM mechanically compatible only factor - IO board required 
     1Gb DDR2 and 8GB, 16GB, 32GB or a Lite variant without eMMC 
2021 Pi zero 2 (w or no W) RP3A0 quad 1GHz Cortex-A53 64bit BCM2710A1 512mB SDRam 
2025 edaTEC CM0 ED-CM0NANA with additional dev board with quad 1Ghz A53 with 512Mb Raysan RAM, 2 USB2 and 10/100 ethernet - pico castellated edge
 

2019 Pi 4 Model B v1.1 RPI4B - BCM2711B0T quad 64bit A72 1.5GHz, 4K VideoCore VI, AC wifi, Bluetooth 5.0, GbE Broadcom BCM54213PE (PHY ID 0x600d84a2), 2 micro hdmi decode up to 4K, USB-C 5.1V 3A power, 2xVLI VL805 USB 3, 2xUSB 2.0, 2GB 9LDWW D9WHZ or 4GB 9FDWW D9WHV, 8GB 0AA47 D9ZCL ddr4 ram 
2020 Silent Pi 4 v1.2 upgrade with more USB-c psu support 
2020 PI400 BCM2711C0T 1.8GHz 4Gb DDR4 inside keyboard, 5.1V 5A 27W usb-c psu, 2 micro hdmi, external ide style 40pin gpio, no audio port - 
2020 Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4 BCM2711B0T on new 55mm x 40mm 2x100 pin form factor with extra breakout IO board 
     CM4101000 1Gb RAM Lite SOM 
     CM4102000 2GB RAM Lite 
     CM4104000 4GB RAM Lite 
     CM4004008-4GB-RAM 8GB-EMMC SOM System on Modules 
     CM4104032 4GB RAM 32GB emmc 
     CM4108000 8GB RAM Lite 
     CM4008016 8GB RAM 16Gb eMMc
2021 Raspberry Pi SC0763 Compute Module 4S CM4S with ddr2 sodimm pinouts but not electrically the same with suitable IO board extra cost - 
     CM4S01000 1GB RAM Lite
     CM4S01008 1GB RAM 8GB eMMC Flash
     CM4S02000 2GB RAM Lite
     CM4S04000 4GB RAM Lite
     CM4S04016 4GB RAM 16Gb KLMAG1JETD-B041 
     CM4S08000 8GB RAM Lite 
2021 Pi 4 v1.4 BCM2711B1 upgraded power regulator, to deal with 8gig of ram being more power hungry 
2021-48 Raspberry Pi 4 model B v1.5 2GB 


2023 Pi 5 v1.0 BCM2712 Quad A76 @2.4Ghz - VideoCore VII - no audio socket - dual 4k from mini hdmi - fan connector - 5.1V 5A psu 
2024 Pi 5 2GB DDR4 version uses BCM2712D0 
2024 Pi-500 with 8Gb LPDDR5 and membrane keyboard 
2024 Pi 5 v1.1 
2024 Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5 CM5 BCM2712 55mm x 40mm form factor with additional IO board 
     CM5004000 04GB RAM 0GB eMMC Lite
     CM5008000 08GB RAM 0GB eMMC Lite
     CM5016000 16GB RAM 0GB eMMC Lite
2025 Pi-500+ with 256GB NVMe storage, 16GB LPDDR4 RAM, and Gateron KS-33 Low Profile Blue mechanical keyboard switches 
2025 Pi5 1GB DDR4 announced 


2022 PiOS linux goes 64bit 
2024 Pi Trading IPO stockmarket stock exchange listing 


2026 April and May Aros 64bit fixed, added AHI audio, VC4 gfx started, usb functions added to rom  
2026 June and July Aros 64bit usb2otg started, dma.resource, sdio.resource, bwfm.device wifi added 
2026 Late July daily 64bit Pi3 LE little endian builds start 
2026 August Pi 4, 400, 5 and 500 DTBs added, expanding existing support and wifi for Pi4 and Pi5 
2026 August Pi5 HAT+ nvme and HDMI, AHI RPiI2S added, Pi4 HVS5 video scaler started, 
2026 
2027 


2028 Pi 6 
&lt;/pre&gt;


The vcgencmd can be used to inspect and dump the current system configuration. 
vcgencmd runs on top of VCHIQ as an RPC. The mailbox interface is an alternate but much simpler RPC. 
VCHIQ is a bridge (queue) between the CPU and the GPU so they can communicate with the firmware. 

Loads of [https://github.com/6by9/rpi3-gpiovirtbuf/blob/master/rpi3-gpiovirtbuf.c mailbox] which uses the GPIO control calls. [https://github.com/raspberrypi/firmware/wiki/Mailboxes may also be of interest] 

A fair number of vcgencmd examples (search for vc_vchi_gencmd_init). [https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?t=229203#p1406112 sends the relevant vcgencmd commands] to update the scaling kernel, but the [https://github.com/raspberrypi/userland/blob/master/host_applications/linux/apps/gencmd/gencmd.c command] is just a text string. Parsing and execution of the instructions is performed by the VideoCore firmware. 

The Raspberry Pi runs two separate operating systems: Linux/Aros on the ARM, and a threedx RTOS called vcos running on the Videocore 4 VPU: vcos is commonly called &quot;the firmware&quot;. Vcos is tasked with performing certain system services, for example running the display and audio outputs. The VCHI driver provides an interface to allow drivers to talk to vcos. 


Doubtful, on any [https://www.web3d.org/ Web3d] [https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/WebGL_API WebGL] or [https://github.com/immersive-web/webxr WebXR] [https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/WebXR_Device_API Device API] [https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/XRInputSource XRInputSource] support. Hopefully, never/limited support features like location, peer-to-peer, invasive web apps, unwarranted storage, payments, proprietary video streaming etc 

*spreadsheet [https://git.sheetjs.com/sheetjs/sheetjs sheetjs] [https://github.com/mleibman/SlickGrid SlickGrid javascript] [https://github.com/6pac/SlickGrid SlickGrid typescript] [https://github.com/jspreadsheet/ce jspreadsheet ce] probably without xlsx support 
*presentations [https://github.com/impress/impress.js/ impress.js simplified] [https://github.com/bwlewis/slides slides] [https://zenomt.github.io/mdslides/ github markdown slides] [https://github.com/Patternslib/slides Patternslib slides markdown] probably without pptx support 
*ai office [https://github.com/dream-num/univer/ univer], [https://github.com/dream-num/Luckysheet Luckysheet] [https://github.com/ruilisi/fortune-sheet fortune-sheet] 
*weather [https://github.com/Himanshu3412/Weather-Forecast Weather Forecast], [https://github.com/kaushalsahu07/weather weather needs API key], 


==Future==


[https://github.com/ARMSX2/ARMSX2 Arm pi of pcsx2], [https://github.com/Joshua-Riek/armbian-build Linux Armbian builds for old mobile devices], [], 


[https://tube.cadence.moe/ Cloudtube], [https://github.com/TeamPiped/documentation/blob/main/content/docs/public-instances/index.md TeamPiped], [], [], [], 

[https://hyperpipe.codeberg.page/ hyperpipe], [https://ytify.pp.ua/ ytify], [], [], 

[ ytdl], [https://github.com/golddominik893/liberatube liberatube]

[https://git.lolcat.ca/lolcat/4get 4get], [https://github.com/hnhx/librex librex], [], [], 


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[[#Native]]

[[#Hosted]]

[[#Build]]

[[#Hardware]]

[[#References]]

[[#Future]]


==Introduction==


[[File:Wanderer00.png|thumb|Wanderer on Aros Pi3b]]

[[File:Scalos00.png|thumb|Scalos on Aros Pi3b]]

[[File:DOpus5Magellan00.png|thumb|DOpus5 Magellan on Aros Pi3b]]


Aros aims to cover Pi 3 to 5 512Mb+ RAM 


Options to boot from using a good power source to prevent the yellow lightning symbol. 
*With Pi3b+ the max you can get is 5.1V 2.5A with micro usb.
*With Pi4 5.1V 3A with usb-c 
*With Pi5 5.1V 5A, the amps went ever upwards, even to 5.1V 9A with usb-c 


* Pi500+ keyboard wedge - working but not much tested esp [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commit/48e9c8edcca4b5c1e1fe0b1123f2129f624af67b power button] 
* Pi500 wedge with up to date bootloader via PiOS - working but not much testing esp [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commit/48e9c8edcca4b5c1e1fe0b1123f2129f624af67b power button] 
* Pi 5  - Quad A76 64bit ARMv8 and RP1 &quot;southbridge&quot; with VideoCore 7 D0 (rev1.1) - untested 
* Pi 5  - Quad A76 64bit ARMv8 and RP1 &quot;southbridge&quot; with VideoCore 7 Pre-D0 C1 (Rev1.0) - untested 
* Pi400 RPI-400 keyboard wedge - resolution changing and audio from micro hdmi0 (near 40pin) and micro hdmi1 (near usb-c psu) - Fn F10 0x5e power on and off works or held down for over 7 seconds auto shutdown - keyboard ok - wifi and lan ethernet testing - 
* Pi 4  - Quad A72 64bit ARMv8 with VideoCore 6 
* Pi 3  - Quad A53 [https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/computers/processors.html 64 bit] ARMv8 with VideoCore 4 with '''fan''' to prevent overheating cpu 82C+ throttling 
* Pi02W - Quad A53 64bit - boots but [https://forums.raspberrypi.com/viewtopic.php?p=2387984#p2387984 usb not working but did in the past], 


* Pi 2 - Quad 32bit ARMv6 with VideoCore 4 - mostly not 64bit compatible 
* Pi Model B+ 32bit ARMv6 with VideoCore 4 - not 64bit compatible 
* Pi Model A and B 32bit ARMv6 with VideoCore 4 - not 64bit compatible 


===Native===

* 2013-03 Kalamatee starts work
* 2015-04 Work continues with mschulz on the kernel and Kalamatee (NicJA) on gpio and usb
* 2018 [https://www.patreon.com/posts/i-owe-you-some-20956961 mschulz resume adding BE big endian support], [https://www.patreon.com/michal_schulz/posts Big endian on Pi]  
* 2026 [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commits?author=bsek latest commits for pi 3b, 4 and 5 64bit] 
* 2026 [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commits?author=metaneutrons latest commits for Pi5]
* 2026 [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commits?author=bitplane latest commits for ARM]


====64bit====

'''Download''' A [https://archive.org/details/piAROS Pi Distribution (Distro) has started] and the contents copied to fat32 8GB+ microSD card (there will be drawers/folders - boot c Classes Demos Developer Devs Extras etc only showing). The SD can be plugged in to the Pi. And power on. [https://pi.amiga.icu/ Repository]

'''Not recommended''' but [https://aros.sourceforge.io/nightly1.html RaspberryPi 3, 3+, 4 and 5 64bit ArmV8 nightly builds] [https://sourceforge.net/projects/aros/files/ and alternative site and nightly2] which is a test version of '''very few''' apps with both raspi-aarch64-system and raspi-aarch64-contrib can be unbz2'd to a SD or SSD as appropriate. 

64bit build works well on a single core LE little endian. [https://aros.sourceforge.io/nightly1.html raspi-aarch64-smp-system multicore is available] [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commit/1df0747c2bda3523a43029725a709b1f377d84ec]. Any issues booting could be down to the SD card so please use another SD to see if it is resolved. Remember Aros Arm uses FAT32 and Aros can detect issues with this format very acutely (once fault found, FAT 0x0FFFFFF7 bad cluster so no files written after that, no repair). Please report your experiences in the [https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=2138&amp;pid=15057#post_15057 Aros forum thread], [https://forums.raspberrypi.com/viewforum.php?f=179 Raspberry Pi Aros Dev and User forums], [https://forums.raspberrypi.com/viewtopic.php?p=2387984#p2387984 previous Raspberry Pi forum thread]. Any bugs or issues can be [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/issues described here to fix] 


*Pi500+   untested usb3 booting or nvme ssd 
*Pi500    untested usb3 booting 
*Pi5      untested usb3 booting 
*Pi400    boots with '''USB3''' port based sata3 ssd 
*Pi4      untested (may need eeprom update from PiOS or Pi SD Imager) 
*Pi 3 B+  is pre-configured for USB sata3 boot - untested 
*Pi 3 B   may need [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ubnwvxF3Klc PiOS to set OTP to boot from usb - do so at your own risk] - if OTP set to usb, boot works but slower than SD card 

Speed write wise (top faster) 
&lt;pre&gt;
*NVME Pi5 untested    &gt;1000MB/sec  or faster if matched correctly 
*Sata3 ssd              500MB/sec
*SD        V90           90MB/sec  4K maybe 8K 
*SD        V60           60MB/sec  1080p 
*SD     U3 V30           30MB/sec  720p 
*SD C10 U1 V10 A1 A2     10MB/sec  minimum should be used now 
*SD C06                   6MB/sec  
*SD C04                   4MB/sec 
&lt;/pre&gt;


As a homage to the past, Aros shows a reduced number of icons but this can be changed by left mouse click in the window and then right click down to Window -&gt; View -&gt; All files

Windows can be manipulated by the top (moving) and the bottom right corner (resizing) only. 

Zune like MUI gui interface, has a unique quirk in that after changing a setting in a text box, you may sometimes need to press Enter/Return before clicking OK, Save, etc 


Double left mouse click on most picture (Developer/Debug/Tests/Datatypes), audio and video files are supported, via datatypes, by the multiview application. 
Esc escape key usually closes open windows even the desktop 

In Prefs/Appearance some decorative theming elements need work. There is a few Mason icons in /Prefs/Presets/Icons/Mason/ and the ever present default Gorilla - Icon exchange in works 

For more intensive graphics applications, you may need to edit config.txt in the root folder and change 128M to 256M to adjust more memory to graphics usage 

If your cursor should '''appear''' to vanish, fear not it is still there. Please head to the top of the screen i.e. the title bar, hold down the left click mouse and drag the screen down a little and the cursor will appear again. Then you can drag the screen up again. 


Like most amiga like OSs the audio and networking need to be setup manually 

Audio AHI prefs - Mode settings tab - needs both Music unit and Unit 0 set to RPiHDMI:16 bit stereo++  or RPiPWM:16 bit stereo++ at 44100Hz. Press '''Save or Use''' button after each choice 


For wireless, please use the Wifi prefs and already selected device bwfm.device. Press Scan and double right click on the router and enter password. You may need to setup after every power off
*if asking for password again - press cancel and go to Network Prefs, Wireless Networks tab and highlight the router line and hit the remove button and press the cancel button. Retry with Wifi prefs again 
*...waiting for an address - Disconnect and try Connect 
Until, Connected to &lt;router&gt; - 192.168.x.x 


For lan ethernet port, please use Network prefs and the following hardware is 
*lan9514    Pi3b Pi2 not supported at the moment 
*lan7515    Pi3b+ type into Device  usblan78xx.device as net0:  remove other device(s) 
*bcmgenet   Pi4 Pi400 choose for Device bcmgenet.device 
*cdnsgem    Pi5 Pi500 Pi500+ RP1 i/o for cadencegem 
 (network prefs may forget random information when rebooted) 


Summary
&lt;pre&gt;
̽*Pi3a̹+   wifi works, 
*Pi3b    ethernet not supported, usb ethernet not working but wifi prefs setup works 
*Pi3b+   wifi working and ethernet works 
*Pi4     untested 
*Pi400   wifi and ethernet untested 
*Pi5     wifi and ethernet untested
*Pi500   wifi and ethernet untested
*Pi500+  wifi works 
&lt;/pre&gt;


Type in 'aarch64' in the [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=search&amp;tool=simple search box] and you will see available software packages / apps. apkg can be used to inspect and install applications. 

[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=network/browser amelinium web browser] (JS 1.6 ES9 ECMASCript 2018) is available with an [https://eab.abime.net/showthread.php?t=122494&amp;page=88 eab thread] reminiscent of [https://github.com/zapek/Voyager Voyager] and to a lesser extent [https://github.com/amigazen/aweb3/ Aweb] JavaScript 1.5 (ECMAScript 3) as css and javascript websites can be slow to load or resolve (no JIT). 

Press Cancel at screenmode selector or -wb argument to get windowed version. You could use the Shift + Del shortcut or mouse wheel should work to delete all text at once. Html5test gives 189 (1.29), 300 (1.31), 301 (1.39) out of 555. 

You may have to delete the cache (Menu -&gt; Page -&gt; Delete cache) to fully retest big Amelinium updates or free up space. 
Be aware [https://pianetaamiga.it/en/reportage-pianeta-amiga-2026/ some site pages] can use up hundreds of MBs of cache very quickly 

 DNS lookup failed...  close browser and reboot and setup wifi again - repeat until it works again 

 youtube video and audio - js button for javascript must be on/shaded -  Settings -&gt; Soundoutput - AHI 
Any restriction to lower resolutions is due to [https://docs.invidious.io/faq/#q-where-are-the-360p480p1080p-quality-options bandwidth]. Either CPU/GPU, internet speed and/or video quality. Pi3 can expect up to 480p (wifi) and up to 720p (ethernet). Pi4 expect (wifi)  (ethernet). 

If no separate audio stream error - set settings -&gt; Video quality to 360p or lower as Youtube has a fallback mode at that level 

https://t.me/s/channel_name for Telegram public messages from [https://t.me/s/AROS_official AROS_official] [https://t.me/s/vamped_amiga vamped_amiga] [https://t.me/s/demoscenecracktros demoscenecracktros] 

*art local js apps like dpaint.js 


There is normally no Bluetooth support for most amiga like OSs but that has changed recently [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commit/6942cbfbf66426d21963a7fcd8aba6aff611a9e0 work in progress] [https://github.com/RPi-Distro/bluez-firmware/tree/pios/trixie/debian/firmware/broadcom firmware] 

*Bluetooth 4.1 BCM43430A1.hcd Pi3B, Pi3A, Zero 2W 
*Bluetooth 4.2 BCM4345C0.hcd  Pi3B+, Pi4 
*Bluetooth 5.0 BCM4345C5.hcd  Pi4B rev, CM4 and maybe Pi5 and CM5 

&lt;pre&gt;
*bthid    keyboard mouse support 
*btserial serial 
*btpan    short range wireless connecting devices 
&lt;/pre&gt;


Only the Pi5 has a RTC real time clock, the other Pis will need to use ntp services [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commit/29cd4116330dc7f692d90757eacc59fb3f31ae70 sntp] with time.cloudflare.com pool.ntp.org or Cloudflare 162.159.200.1, 162.159.200.123, 2606:4700:f1::1, 2606:4700:f1::123 or [https://github.com/bohunamiga/PiNTP PiNTP -s goodtime.ijs.si or ntp1.ptb.de] to get the date and time from the internet. Can use date in a shell e.g.  date 24-Dec-2026 23:59:59  but this will need to be done again after every reset/power off. Maybe hardware [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commit/28674a157bc56175aa668e7b62dca6fa740578dc ds3231 rtc with dtoverlay=i2c-rtc,ds3231 in config.txt] 


It helps to have all usb devices already plugged in before power on to detect at the moment. Even then some usb devices will freeze the mouse cursor and the only resolution is to remove the offending usb device and reinsert. Sometimes, the reinsert leads to the mouse cursor vanishing, it is still there and responds to left mouse clicks, top of the screen and pull down the screen. 

USB classes support from Prefs/Trident is still work in process 
*usbaudio working on usb3 port (blue) on pi4, 400 but not working (no rt isochronous) on usb2otg (white or black) for pi3b, zero 2w 
*[https://aminet.net/package/mus/midi/camd camdusbmidi] detects midi devices without a preferences file (Prefs/Env-Archive/sys/midi.prefs) as [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RBxHkwy4Nrw auto setup now] possibly with [https://github.com/metaneutrons/mt32-pi metaneutrons mt32-pi] [https://github.com/rtzor/mt32-pi mt32-pi fork] [https://github.com/ahmadexp/mt32-pi fork] [https://github.com/gmcn42/mt32-pi-control control of] [https://github.com/dwhinham/mt32-pi mt32-pi pi3+]. Alternative of [https://homspace.nl/samplerbox/ SamplerBox]. 

Will need developer clang gcc tools to look at 64bit ports of [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=driver/audio/usbmidi.i386-aros.lha usbmidi], [https://aminet.net/package/mus/midi/CAMD_Toolkit CAMD_Toolkit], [https://aminet.net/package/mus/midi/camdtools camdtools], [https://github.com/cnvogelg/amiditools amiditools], [https://github.com/timoinutilis/midi-sequencer-amigaos horny src], [https://aminet.net/package/mus/midi/horny-base horny-base], [http://bnp.hansfaust.de/index.html BnP], [https://arosarchives.os4depot.net/?function=showfile&amp;file=audio/misc/timidity.lha timidity], 


Regarding 680x0 emulation, there are several options that could be considered but most not fully implemented 
*[https://github.com/kaffeine1/kaffeine kaffeine m68k with Amiga system OS fɹiendly calls going to Aros ones] 
*[https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/blob/6722a0ae9e03fe5d26e32703360bd2059e0864cc/rom/m68kemu/README.md?plain=1#L424 m68kemu.library] for some Amiga productivity where the cpu is emulated and the system calls are redirected to Aros ones
*[https://github.com/BlitterStudio/amiberry amiberry] (winuae) for everything else like games 

*[https://github.com/jonx/AROS/tree/aarch64-darwin-graft/arch/all-darwin/libs/emu68k emu68k] 
*[https://scriptedamigaemulator.net/ Scripted Amiga] with [https://github.com/naTmeg/ScriptedAmigaEmulator ScriptedAmigaEmulator] or older [https://github.com/gbraad-amiga/ScriptedAmigaEmulator2 ScriptedAmigaEmulator2] 


[https://pinout.xyz/ GPIO 40 pins] [https://learn.sparkfun.com/tutorials/raspberry-gpio/gpio-pinout pinout] 

Some exceptions:

*Physical pins 27, 28 (GPIO0, 1) are an internal I2C bus and should not be used
*The other I2C on pins 3, 5 (GPIO 2, 3) can be used generally, but be aware they have permanent pull-up resistors to 3.3V
*For MIDI use USB but there are dedicated UART pins 8, 10 (GPIO 14, 15).

With a HAT it's more awkward -- you need to know which pins are used by the HAT and avoid them. Hopefully this will be documented.

Remember all GPIOs are 3.3V (not 5V tolerant), floating/noisy inputs can cause odd behavior, and that shorting the power supplies can cause instant death of the Pi.

In the shell (Cntrl + C to end) 

 GPIO PIN/A/N,SET/N,GET/S,MODE/K,PULL/K

Controls and queries hardware GPIO pins via gpio.resource which is stored in the rom or Devs/ '''please test''' 

*PIN   -- (Required) Target GPIO pin number (e.g. 12).
*SET   -- Set pin output value to 0 (LOW) or 1 (HIGH).
*GET   -- Read and print current digital input level (0 or 1).
*MODE  -- Configure pin mode: IN (Input), OUT (Output), ALT (Alternate).
*PULL  -- Configure pull resistor: NONE, UP, DOWN.

EXAMPLES
&lt;pre&gt;
GPIO 12 MODE OUT
GPIO 12 SET 1
GPIO 12 GET
GPIO 13 PULL UP
&lt;/pre&gt;


[https://gpiozero.readthedocs.io/en/stable/installing.html Current] [https://gpiozero.readthedocs.io/en/v1.2.0/api_boards.html old support for gpiozero is unknown at present] [https://energenie4u.co.uk/res/pdfs/ENER314%20UM.pdf and associated 433MHz equipment] [ USA X10 security and lights via USB] [ OpenHab with Shelly Smart Plug connected over Wi-Fi, controlled by MQTT or HTTP] 


Printing only with Postscript, GutenPrint and [https://github.com/bohunamiga/MintPRINT one] of [https://github.com/boingball/MintPRINT two] [https://github.com/Andiweli/AmiAirPrint/tree/main AirPrint] IPP has been attempted with [https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=2061&amp;pid=13954#post_13954 discussion] 


Youtube 

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8dZwGkUKAmA Pi3A̟+ (plus) with smp build and PiAROS], 

[], [], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X4fmWAIv7FE Aros native on Pi3b], 

[], [], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TSxlYb1eQWU Installed on Pi3b+], 

[], [], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NFF1H3jCoz8 testing Aros native on Pi400], 

[], [], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nIVx7mh1E1Q&amp;pp=ygUHYXJvcyBwadIHCQkTDAGHKiGM7w%3D%3D Aros on Thumb 2 based 32bit-ish ARM STM32H743 board], 

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nHt_k_QkHe0 AmiWest 2026 Day 1], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nA2fnaOt1Ik Amiwest 2026 Day 2],
 

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zQM4CD64xDE&amp;t=612s&amp;pp=ugUEEgJlbg%3D%3D Performance under Linux] but on Aros... 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Pi
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Single Core 2D
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Single Core 3D
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Single Core 3D
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |SMP 2D
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |SMP 3D
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |SMP 3D 
! width=&quot;35%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Pi--&gt;Pi3 
| &lt;!--Single Core 2D--&gt;
| &lt;!--Single Core 3D--&gt;
| &lt;!--Single Core 3D--&gt;
| &lt;!--SMP 2D--&gt;
| &lt;!--SMP 3D--&gt;
| &lt;!--SMP 3D--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


==== 32bit ====

For the Pi1 Pi2 Pi2B the status of AROS native ARMv6 for 32bit RasPi was OK. System booting, USB working (although with some issues but plans to fix them). 32bit native [http://www.aros.org/nightly1.html ARMv6 32bit nightlys] raspi-armhf-system raspi-armhf-contrib unbz2'd to fat32 microSD 


===Hosted===


AArch64 CPU backend for AROS, a Cocoa/Metal display, clipboard / host-volume / CoreAudio / BSD-sockets bridges, GPU 2D via gpufx.library, a 68k→AArch64 JIT (run68k), and a full Rust std port. On [https://www.jkn.me/blog/macaros-aros-on-apple-silicon/ latest Apple Silicon Macs] [https://github.com/jonx/Macaros early alpha version of hosted Aros .dmg on MacOS12+]. Please use [https://github.com/jonx/Macaros/issues MACAros github] for issues, features etc and possibly [https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=2030&amp;pid=13910#post_13910 here] with [https://github.com/pomaros pomaros]. There is a [https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=2076&amp;highlight=jonx&amp;pid=14193#post_14193 work in progress native Mac Apple silicon M1 M2 M3 version] 


[http://www.aros.org/snapshots1.html old linux and android hosted 32bit] 


==== Hosted ====

=====64bit=====

[https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=2019&amp;rowstart=80&amp;pid=13667#post_13667 Ubuntu Linux PC hosted Pi compiler build] 

[https://github.com/BlitterStudio/aros-compiler-docker Docker based cross compiler for various Aros systems], 

[https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=2019&amp;rowstart=80 From the Aros Raspberry pi 3 64bit thread] 
Instructions on building 64-bit Raspberry Pi AROS and cross-compiler from sources.

You will need:
- Ubuntu 24.04 or 26.04
- qemu-system-aarch64 installed
- Internet connection
- rpi-scripts.tar.gz downloaded (https://axrt.org/download/aros/rpi/rpi-scripts.tar.gz)

1) Install prerequisites:

sudo apt install git gcc g++ make gawk bison flex bzip2 netpbm autoconf automake libc6-dev liblzo2-dev libpng-dev gcc-multilib byacc python3-mako cmake yasm curl nasm

2) Clone sources

cd &lt;project-directory&gt;
git clone https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS.git --recurse-submodules

3) Extract rpi-scripts.tar.gz. Copy all files into your project directory so that you have:

AROS (the directory with cloned sources)
fix-dotdot.py
rebuild.sh
recreate-sdcard.sh
run-qemu.sh
update-sdcard.sh

4) Run ./rebuild.sh. Select option 1) toolchain-core-aarch64

This will execute process of building a cross-compiler. During this process packages will be downloaded from Internet. This process can take up to 2 hours. If there are some missing dependencies, install them with 'sudo apt install' and restart this step.

5) Run ./rebuild.sh again. Select option 2) core-raspi-aarch64

This will build system files for 64-bit Raspberry Pi AROS. This process can take around an hour.

6) Run ./recreate-sdcard.sh

This will create an sdcard.img file with contents of previous step.

7) Run ./run-qemu.sh

This will start QEMU with SD card image and ROM images. It will boot into AROS.


=====32bit=====

Ubuntu VM approach to compiling [http://lallafa.de/blog/2013/06/building-aros-hosted-for-raspbian/ Linux hosted AROS June 04, 2013]

 ../AROS/configure --target=linux-armhf  --enable-includes=/usr/arm-linux-gnueabihf/include --x-includes=/usr/arm-linux-gnueabihf/include --x-libraries=/usr/arm-linux-gnueabihf/lib

arm-elf- is symbol-linked to arm-linux-gnueabi- (arm-linux-gnueabi- is more correct in this case, because it's going to be compiling the ARM AROSBootstrap for ARM Linux)

*armel - many of the &quot;android&quot; machines require since the entire OS is made for soft float VFP. 
*armfp - Efika MX target, Raspberry PI, EfikaMX, Pandora and virtually everything (VFP)

Keep in mind it's possible to start hardfp AROS hosted on softfp system, though, as long as no calls between AROS and host require floating point parameters. NOTE: hardfloat objects *cannot* be linked with softfloat objects - they have a different ABI.

Just keep in mind the arm nightly build machine is quite complex beast. It needs the x86_64 host compiler to compile AROS tools. The arm version is built every night using gcc-4.6.2 crosscompiler (built together with AROS) and successfully builds armel and armhf linux hosted targets.

*needs an AROS code compiler for ARM target 
*as well as unix compiler for ARM linux host (would be best to have both softfp and armhf, we have softfp only now) with full set of libraries and includes.

with—disable-crosstools  $AROS_CC  is always a wrapper around $KERNEL_CC  ?  If  so,  this  is  wrong for some ports. This can break Darwin, Windows and Android port. 
Yes,  Android  port  will  build.  And  even  work. But it's not good because  the  port  will  not  be ABI-compatible with other ARM ports. Android's ABI is different from GNUEABI. For example:

&lt;pre&gt;
enum test {foo, bar};
enum test testvar;
&lt;/pre&gt;

sizeof(testvar)  will  be  equal  to sizeof(int) in GNUEABI (Linux and AROS)  and  sizeof(short)  on  Android. This affects linking objects from static linklibs, for example.

Previously everything worked because $AROS_CC was a wrapper on top of $HOST_CC. And a real crosscompiler was used on non-ELF hosts.

Android is the same. $KERNEL_CC is incompatible with AROS.

compiler=kernel  is  appropriate _ONLY FOR CODE WHICH RUNS ON HOST OS_ (or  barebone  hardware,  if  we  talk  about  native).  This includes bootstraps,  their  linklibs, and host-side dynamic libraries (Windows makes extensive use of them because of architectural considerations.

No single AROS object should be compiled with this setting. $KERNEL_CC is really compatible with AROS *ONLY IN LINUX-HOSTED* and no more. On other systems (Darwin, Windows,  Android) this is not true any more, and compiler=kernel is never going to work.

If  you  want  to  compile your AROS module against host OS includes, append  the  following  to  USER_INCLUDES  (or  USER_CFLAGS,  this  is effectively the same):

 -isystem $(GENINCDIR) $(KERNEL_INCLUDES)

$(KERNEL_INCLUDES) expands to:

 -isystem  &lt;your_os_includes&gt;  -isystem  &lt;host_OS_gcc_private_includes&gt;
 -nostdinc

This makes AROS compiler adhering to host OS APIs.

If you want some preprocessor symbols based on what your host OS actually is, add something like -DHOST_OS_$(AROS_HOST_ARCH).

Why is there $(GENINCDIR) at all? Because host OS has its own libc includes, which would conflict with AROS ones. And the host OS libc is not binary-compatible with AROS one.

Why doesn't Windows-hosted port use $(KERNEL_INCLUDES) ? Because WinAPI includes conflict with AROS ones in fundamental typedefs, like WORD, BYTE and BOOL. It's almost impossible to deal with this in any other way than rewriting WinAPI definitions using AROS types.

Building under centos 6.3 (i386) currently, and AROS creates the toolchain itself. haven't yet committed the necessary changes but &quot;./configure --target=raspi-armhf&quot; is enough to start, then &quot;make arosboot-raspi&quot; will generate arosraspi.img (containing the bootstrap, kernel.resource, and exec.library) as well as arosraspi.rom (containing all the other essentials components such as dos, graphics etc).  It will also copy over a config.txt file to make the raspi bootstrap code load the correct kernel, and a cmdline.txt that enables exec debug output.

*armel = typically Debian 6, Ubuntu Maverick, Android, 
*armhf = typically Debian 7, Debian 8, Ubuntu Precise,

Cross-compiling Ubuntu ARM softfp 
&lt;pre&gt;
    sudo sh
    echo 'foreign-architecture armel' &gt;&gt;/etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg.d/multiarch
    echo 'deb [arch=armel] http://ports.ubuntu.com/ precise main universe' &gt;/etc/apt/sources.list.d/armel.list
    apt-get update
    apt-get install gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi libx11-dev:armel libsdl-dev:armel
&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;
 ./configure --target=linux-arm --x-includes=/usr/include \
             --enable-includes=/usr/arm-linux-gnueabi/include
&lt;/pre&gt;

Cross-compiling Ubuntu ARM hard-float 
&lt;pre&gt;
    sudo sh
    echo 'foreign-architecture armhf' &gt;&gt;/etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg.d/multiarch
    echo 'deb [arch=armhf] http://ports.ubuntu.com/ precise main universe' &gt;/etc/apt/sources.list.d/armhf.list
    apt-get update
    apt-get install gcc-arm-linux-gnueabihf libx11-dev:armhf libsdl-dev:armhf
&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;
    ./configure --target=linux-armhf --x-includes=/usr/include \
                --enable-includes=/usr/arm-linux-gnueabihf/include
&lt;/pre&gt;

Now, the AROS build is configured properly and all you need to do is:

 make


==Build==

===64bit===

[https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/blob/7016ce28bfdb754182edb16011c98faaf5413c29/arch/aarch64-raspi/boot/mmakefile.src#L180 boot makefile] 


===32bit===


# download/checkout the source someplace, e.g. /build/AROS-Src/
# make a directory to store external sources AROS downloads, e.g. /build/Ports
# make a build directory, e.g. /build/aros-raspi-armhf
# cd into the build dir, configure, and then run make -:

&lt;pre&gt;
&gt;cd /build/aros-raspi-armhf
&gt;/build/AROS-Src/configure --target=raspberrypi-armhf --with-serial-debug --enable-ccache --with-portssources=/build/Ports
&gt;make
&gt;make arosboot-raspi
&lt;/pre&gt;

then copy the files from /build/aros-raspi-armhf/bin/raspi-armhf/AROS/ onto an sdcard, and download/copy the Raspi firmware files onto it.

You should then be able to boot the sdcard on your RasPi.

The current W.I.P tree to svn. it can be built as follows ..
&lt;pre&gt;
./configure --target=raspi-armhf
make arosboot-raspi
&lt;/pre&gt;

That will generate arosraspi.img, arosraspi.rom and config.txt in bin/raspi-arm/AROS - so either copy just those files to a fat formatted SD card (with the firmware files on), or copy the whole contents of the AROS folder.

NB - if you have a Linux/other install, backup the existing config.txt first

arosraspi.img contains the bootstrap (which has very basic mailbox code, framebuffer/gpio init, and console &quot;emulation&quot; via code pinched from our libbootconsole), kernel.resource, and exec.library

arosraspi.rom contains all the other components needed to boot AROS.

The config.txt file will tell the RasPI bootstrap to load the arosraspi kernel and ramdisk (rom).

the bootstrap has minimal mailbox code, planning on adding either a resource or library that driver/app code will use to access it (likewise for GPIO)


Help building AROS hosted on Linux ARM

Was looking a way to use more my Handheld ARM based called Pyra (Dragonbox Pyra) an ARM (Omap5 cpu with 4GB ram) linux based machine (Debian Buster v10 with kernel 5.6.19 adapted) and have a try to compile the latest Aros sources by Deadwood directly on this device.
Compilation stops after build libpopupmenu.a and trying to build libatomic have this error:

&lt;pre&gt;
    Configuring build in bin/linux-arm/gen/host/tools/crosstools/gnu/gcc/arm-aros/libatomic
    configure: WARNING: unrecognized options: --disable-nls, --without-x
    checking for --enable-version-specific-runtime-libs... no
    checking for --enable-generated-files-in-srcdir... no
    checking build system type... arm-unknown-linux-gnu
    checking host system type... arm-unknown-aros
    checking target system type... arm-unknown-aros
    checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c
    checking whether build environment is sane... yes
    checking for arm-aros-strip... /media/farox/pyra2/arosbuilds/toolchain-core-armhf/arm-aros-strip
    checking for a thread-safe mkdir -p... /usr/bin/mkdir -p
    checking for gawk... no
    checking for mawk... mawk
    checking whether make sets $(MAKE)... yes
    checking whether make supports nested variables... yes
    checking for arm-aros-gcc... /media/farox/pyra2/arosbuilds/toolchain-core-armhf/arm-aros-gcc
    checking whether the C compiler works... no
    configure: error: in /media/farox/pyra2/arosbuilds/toolchain-core-armhf-build/bin/linux-arm/gen/host/tools/crosstools/gnu/gcc/arm-aros/libatomic':
    configure: error: C compiler cannot create executables
    See config.log' for more details
    make[2]: *** [mmakefile:4489: /media/farox/pyra2/arosbuilds/toolchain-core-armhf-build/bin/linux-arm/gen/host/tools/crosstools/gnu/gcc/arm-aros/libatomic/.configured] Error 77
    [MMAKE] make --no-print-directory TOP=/media/farox/pyra2/arosbuilds/toolchain-core-armhf-build SRCDIR=/media/farox/pyra2/arosbuilds/AROS CURDIR=tools/crosstools/gnu TARGET=tools-crosstools-gcc-libatomic-configure -s --file=mmakefile tools-crosstools-gcc-libatomic-configure failed: 512
    [MMAKE] Error: Error while running make in tools/crosstools/gnu: No such file or directory
    make[1]: *** [Makefile:361: linklibs-libatomic] Error 10
    make: *** [Makefile:183: crosstools] Error 2
&lt;/pre&gt;


looking at config.log on arosbuilds/toolchain-core-armhf-build/bin/linux-arm/gen/host/tools/crosstools/gnu/gcc/arm-aros/libatomic

found that arosbuilds/toolchain-core-armhf/arm-aros-ld: cannot find -laeabi
so do make linklibs-aeabi-arm-quick
and the missing lib was built.

now the next stop is at
fatal error: bits/libc-header-start.h: No such file or directory
and
fatal error: sys/cdefs.h: No such file or directory
in many places so after checking that have this missing include files i have noted that my include path is a bit different, standard searching path is /usr/arm-linux-gnueabihf but in my system is /usr/include/arm-linux-gnueabihf
so if i add my path to some mmakefiles compilation goes on....but is a better way to add this path to avoid every mmakefiles to be changed?

fixed with adding
-I/usr/include/arm-linux-gnueabihf
to where is missing on mmakefiles like
USER_INCLUDES := -isystem $(GENINCDIR) -I/usr/include/arm-linux-gnueabihf $(KERNEL_INCLUDES)

P.s. I have changed many mmakefiles and have at least compiled (after many hours) the toolchain doing make every time in arosbuilds/toolchain-core-armhf-build (also have to disable making tests under cplusplus but don't remember the directory ...) but ask an help to have an automated way to correctly build without modify mmakefiles.


Last time built armhf target was around 2 years ago. At that point built is via cross-compilation from linux (ubuntu 22.04) using linux armhf crosscompiler (this can explain the path differences you are experiencing) as well as using AROS gcc cross-compiler in version 6.5.0 (build with option 21) in rebuild.sh). Since then AROS GCC has been updated to 10.5.0 and don't believe anyone tried to build the armhf target again.

My suggestion would be to downgrade GCC to 6.5.0 (via editing AROS/config/gcc_def file) and try to first build using cross-compilation from x86_64 linux. Once that works, you will have a &quot;template&quot; to compare to native compilation under arm linux.


Thanks for your suggestion...but think the toolchain with GCC 10.5.0 is compilable if i found a way to pass the path of my system to the script that build (option 21 on rebuild).
The other only changes are (but don't know where to modify...) is to add the build of libaeabi and disable the building of some tests under cplusplus that use exceptions and is not supported under ARM. try to crosscompile with my Linux amd64 PC.

For paths look into core-linux-armhf/bin/linux-armhf/gen/config/target.cfg. A number of build-wide variable is set there containing paths to local build system. These variables and the target.cfg file are generated by AROS ./configure script.

Thanks compilation now go forward...changed target.cfg under &quot;toolchain-core-armhf-build/bin/linux-arm/gen/config&quot; and do make on &quot;toolchain-core-armhf-build&quot; dir.

Need to find where to enable build libaeabi.a so can build the entire toolchain with option 21 of rebuild.sh


Found something that looks like libeabi in AROS/arm-all/arm-aeabi/mmakefile.src. Try adding a third line there:

#MM- linklibs-armhd : libklibs-aeabi-arm

Don't remember needing this library. Possibly the 6.5.0 GCC somehow does this while 10.5.0 is missing this.

Try adding this line (and the variant &quot;linklibs-armhf&quot; instead of hd) but it did not solve the automatic building of the missing lib. I must do &quot;linklibs-aeabi-arm-quick&quot;.
Anyway after have build the aeabi lib i succefully built the toolchain (after many hours...). Smile

To test I restarted from selecting option 21 (on rebuild.sh) but after many hours i get the same error of the kernel includes not found...maybe i need to modify the configure script for my case.

With the toolchain built i try to build the core-linux-armhf (DEBUG) (option 22) but after a while it stopped with
&quot;cannot find -laeabi &quot; so i made it built manually...and now i can continue compiling...i'll let you know if all goes ok.


== Hardware ==

===64bit===


====BCM2712====

With the Pi5 

Broadcom VideoCore 7 vc7 is an integrated GPU with 12 cores and up to 800 MHz clock. VideoCore VII is capable of OpenGL ES 3.1 and Vulkan 1.2. The driver support for the Raspberry Pi continues to build upon the [https://lore.kernel.org/dri-devel/20230928114532.167854-1-itoral@igalia.com/ open-source V3D driver] stack within [https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/mesa/mesa/-/merge_requests/25450 Mesa] hopefully be merged for Mesa 23.3. x265 HEVC accelerated untested, x264/h.264 and VP9 cpu only. 

*Raspberry Pi M.2 HAT+ Expansion Board 
*Geekworm X1001 PCIe to M.2 Key-M NVMe
*Geekworm X1003 PCIe to M.2 HAT NVMe SSD PIP Board for Raspberry Pi 5 
*Pineboards Pi Hut HatDrive! M.2 HAT 2024/V4 
*Hat+ Gen2 Gen3 Nvme
*GeeekPi 52Pi N04 for Raspberry Pi 5 NVME M.2
*


*2024 RPI AI HAT    - Hailo  20TOPs  no LLMs 
*2026 RPI AI HAT+ 2 - Hailo  40TOPs  slightly better? 


[https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/accessories/camera.html Cameras for Pi]
*Raspberry Pi camera module, the V3 with Sony IMX708 back-illuminated CMOS 12 Megapixel sensor
*Raspberry Pi Camera Module V2 – 8MP Sony IMX219 Sensor
*Raspberry Pi camera Rev 1.3, 5MP 1080P OV5647 image/video module, 2592 x 1944 pixels

H.265 / HEVC decoder is a HEVCv2 Main 4:4:4 10 design supporting bitstreams up to profile 5.1
HEVC hardware decode supports 4kp60, 10-bit. Audio output is pretty much unchanged, but the HDMI audio channels now support 8x192kHz bitrates 


====BCM2711====

With the Pi4 an ARM a72 cpu is about x3 times the size of an a53 in the Pi3 

the 2711b line used more power when idle, compared to the 2711c 

*2018 Raspberry Pi PoE HAT Power Over Ethernet Hat - design issues 
*2020 Raspberry Pi PoE+ HAT Power Over Ethernet Hat Pi3b+ Pi4 only - better design 
*Waveshare PoE HAT (B) with cooling fan for Raspberry Pi 3B+/4B 802.3af PoE 

*[https://github.com/axizo-pi/V3DLib vc6 V3D 4.2] is derived from [https://docs.broadcom.com/doc/12358545 vc4], but it is [https://docs.mesa3d.org/drivers/v3d.html significantly different] 
The QPU pipeline stays mostly the same, you still have an add ALU and a multiply ALU and it can issue two ALU OPs per cycle. There is still 4 SIMD lanes, interleaved over 4 cycles.
The instruction encoding for the QPUs is different, but the core instructions are the same.

Instructions for packed 8 bit int math has been dropped, along with most of the pack modes.
Instructions for packed 16bit float math has been added (2 floats at in a single operation)
With vc5/vc6, you write two packed 16f value to the tilebuffer (or four writes of 32f, if you are using the rgba32f framebuffer). And there is a handy vfpack operation which allows you to pack two f32s into a single 32bit value in a single instruction. You can vfpack directly into the tile buffer register.

the multiply ALU can now fadd, so you can issue two fadds per instruction. the add ALU has gained a bunch of new instructions 

the A and B register files have been merged. You still only get an A read and a B read per instruction, but they read from one big register file (which means the underlying memory block has gone from two sets of &quot;one read port, one write port&quot; to one &quot;two read ports, one write port&quot; block)

The theoretical max FLOPs per QPU remains the same at two per cycle, other than the bump from 400mhz to 500mhx but it looks like a lot of effort has been put putting those theoretical FLOPs to better use. 
*vc4 could run one or two threads per QPU. When you ran in two thread mode, the available register file halfed to 32 registers.
*vc5 added a four thread per QPU mode, with 16 registers per thread.
*vc6 doubled the size of the register file. You could now use all 64 threads in two thread mode and 32 registers in for thread mode. Single thread mode was removed, you always have at least two threads.

With the threading improvements, the QPUs should spent much less time idle waiting NOPs for memory requests. Most of the design changes have gone to improving the fixed function hardware around the QPUs. A fixed function blend unit has been added, which should reduce load on the QPUs when doing alpha blending. hope software blending is still possible 

The tile buffer can now store upto 4 render targets (up to 128bits per pixel, so if you are using 4 32bit render targets, you can't have a depth buffer)

A MMU, allowing a much simpler/faster kernel driver.

Many more texture formats, framebuffer formats.

h264/x264 [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commit/caecd66a9508acb0e9ef0a07169a14c33007b208 VideoCore hardware decoding through VCHIQ/MMAL (Pi 1–4)], 
H.265 / HEVC decoder is a HEVCv2 Main 4:4:4 10 design supporting bitstreams up to profile 5.1
HEVC hardware decode supports 4kp60, 10-bit. Audio output is pretty much unchanged, but the HDMI audio channels now support 8x192kHz bitrates 


All the features needed for opengl es 3.0 

Each ALU typically have 2 floating point operators, and as you pointed out in a earlier post videocore 6 is no exception, with both a multiply and additive floating point operator. Thus theoretical GFLOPs are calculated with both operators in mind. That is what the 2 in my formula represents, and is common across any modern programmable shader, whether you calculate Nvidia, AMD, Intel, Boardcom or any other company's GPUs. Total ALUs * 2 * GHz clock = GFLOPs, In the case of Raspberry Pi 3, it's 24 ALUs * 2 operators * 0.4GHz = 19.2GFLOPs
If the Videocore 6 does indeed only have 16 ALUs (16 * 2 * 0.5GHz), you'd have only 16GFLOPs but they are better utilised 

Possible maximum performance 
&lt;pre&gt;
VideoCore IV @ 250MHz: 250 [MHz] x 3 [slice] x 4 [qpu/slice] x 4 [processor] x 2 [op/clock] = 24 Gflop/s
VideoCore IV @ 300MHz: 300 [MHz] x 3 [slice] x 4 [qpu/slice] x 4 [processor] x 2 [op/clock] = 28.8 Gflop/s
VideoCore VI @ 500MHz: 500 [MHz] x 2 [slice] x 4 [qpu/slice] x 4 [processor] x 2 [op/clock] = 32 Gflop/s
&lt;/pre&gt;

Faster LPDDR4 memory.


====BCM2837==== 

With the Pi3 
* Broadcom BCM43438 chip provides 2.4&amp;nbsp;GHz 802.11n wireless LAN, Bluetooth Low Energy, and Bluetooth 4.1 Classic radio support, 3B+ [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commit/afa5bc0bb17d5dd06bcfdbac00853a3799ca8d76 LAN7515] 

The overclock ability has diminished with each chip version as the energy usage has increased. BCM2837 is one of the warmest yet and benefits from active fan cooling if all four cpu cores are in use for a short while. Video playback maybe affected due to the lack of custom support in the GPU with Aros. 5 V / 2.4 or 2.5 amp power supply recommended if all four cpu cores are running, else throttling (cpu slowdown) might occur. 

[https://github.com/hermanhermitage/videocoreiv/wiki/VideoCore-IV-Programmers-Manual Dual VDP] and scalable QPU in [https://docs.mesa3d.org/drivers/vc4.html VC4] and x.264/h.264 accelerated untested only and VP9 on cpu or neon help 


ARMv8-A has [https://developer.arm.com/documentation/102412/0100/Privilege-and-Exception-levels privilege levels] where userspace typically runs at ‘EL0’, the kernel at ‘EL1’ or ‘EL2’ and the firmware at the highest level ‘EL3’. 


===32bit===

=== Core Kernel ===


====BCM2708(family)====
which includes the [http://elinux.org/RPi_Hardware BCM2835] (ARM1176JZF-S 700&amp;nbsp;MHz CPU + VideoCore IV GPU + up to 1GB RAM)

*Framebuffer (fb) using mailbox 
*IRQ scheduler, etc 
*Arasan based SD Card controller 
*Synopsis DesignWare USB 2.0 OTG controller [http://networkdirection.net/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=106:rasperry-pi-usb-controller&amp;catid=45:raspberry-pi&amp;Itemid=54 Unofficial DOCS pdf],  [dwc_otg.c FreeBSD], [], [https://www.riscosopen.org/viewer/view/mixed/RiscOS/Sources/HWSupport/USB/Controllers/DWCDriver/ RiscOS USB Driver], [https://www.riscosopen.org/forum/forums/5/topics/878 RiscOS USB Discussion], [https://www.riscosopen.org/forum/forums/11/topics/1893 Other USB RiscOS], [http://plan9.bell-labs.com/plan9/index.html Plan9 Miller's usb] http://plan9.bell-labs.com/sources/contrib/miller/, [https://github.com/Chadderz121/csud CSUD driver], 
*[http://www.smsc.com/media/Downloads_Public/Data_Sheets/9512.pdf SMSC 9512] USB LAN/Hub chip 
*CMOS RAM 
*VCHIQ port which sends messages to the GPU e.g. for mouse, keyboard, audio on HDMI, etc 
*Audio Driver 
*Serial Peripheral Interface Bus (SPI) 
*[http://www.susa.net/wordpress/2012/06/raspberry-pi-pcf8563-real-time-clock-rtc/ I2C registers]
*I2S 
*Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (UART) 
*[http://elinux.org/RPi_BCM2835_GPIOs GPIOs] and [http://www.adafruit.com/blog/2012/08/17/broadcom-bcm2835-peripheral-memory-map-and-gpio-alternate-use-chart-piday-raspberrypi-raspberry_pi/ Alternative view of GPIO]

BCM2836 
* For Pi B+, PI 2 and Pi 3 SMSC LAN9514 chip adding 10/100 Ethernet connectivity and four USB channels to the board

*[http://www.andrewscheller.co.uk/rpi_pcb_modules.html PCB], [http://elinux.org/RPi_Low-level_peripherals Low level features],


 Implemented so far... 

# Modify the configure system so that it correctly builds for the arm hardware float raspi target.
# Implemented the bootstrap to load the aros modules and prepare the arm to jump into them. Reworked the x86 console support so that parts can be stolen for raspi to use since t has no basic functionality to output to the display.
# Implemented a kernel.resource to prepare the raspi for running aros and provide the low level api calls to expose available resources and allow exec, etc function.
# Implemented serial debug support
# Implemented the exec (and kernel) functionality required to make multitasking work (and interrupts, exceptions, syscalls, etc)
# Implemented a timer.device to utilise the hardware timers.
# Implemented a very basic gfx driver to expose the hardware's framebuffer.
# Implemented an SD-Card driver for AROS which presently only supports the raspi's chipset but can easily be modified to support all sd-card hardware and media.
# Fixed the fat filesystem support in AROS so that it can boot on RasPi's normal SD-Card setup. The &quot;rom&quot; image files needed use a different filename than the default linux, etc images so can be easily installed without harming the existing files - you only need to change the loaded images in the config file to get aros to boot.
# Updated the build scripts to automatically download the necessary raspi firmware files and wrap it all up so that you can simply extract the archive to a fat formatted sdcard and boot it on the raspi without having to get anything else.
# fix everything in contrib and ports to build for raspi (needs proper testing/fixes but allows every component to actually compile at least, including owb) + numerous other fixes to get things working on arm/raspi ..


Improvements...

# Implement a USB chipset driver &quot;OR&quot; finish the existing one [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commit/c07d13c724f944674be5db54fc6a71ee72a01809 usb otg] - the current code is mostly a skeleton that should initialise the chipset and then needs relevant code to support the different transfer types. It also has the &quot;virtual&quot; hub code in place to represent the raspi's USB port (from poseidons p.o.v) 
# Implement a driver for the USB NIC (a few weeks - depends on USB above) 
# Write an [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commit/d55d0f74d20b769bbb8c8d386e5c1d7a9154f05a audio driver] (a few weeks - independent of USB) and [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commit/e93a4c245f27a87c9c4c1d39206694b39059998a HDMI]
# fix syscall bug in the current raspi kernel code
# Graphics depend on having a decent &quot;bcmdma.resource&quot; implemented as to use the cpu's dma engine. The sd card driver needs to use it for transfers to/from the controller - and the gfx system needs to use it for &quot;blitting&quot;. 
# [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commit/4019d84e4975d4dad987a12d57fe108f5ac048e6 Improve the gfx driver], [ vc4gfx HIDD] add [http://dri.freedesktop.org/wiki/VC4/ Gallium3D support] 
# [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commit/b13905b3e8e45b089f520b44692c81affddd066f Improve] the [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commit/3a876755c070f5c73c4f53c7f4d35b4f923088b9 sdcard] device driver  - which is also pretty basic but should work with most cards, rework it to also support pci, etc. sd card interfaces on x86 
# The current code using very rudimentary access to the gpio interface - so that should be implemented as some resource for other components to access, as-well as the i2c interface exposed over the gpio interface. that should have a hidd class implemented which uses the gpio resource to communicate.


 Boot up typical for most other OSs before the open sourcing of many binary blobs from 2017 onwards 

On power-up, the rpi [http://www.open.com.au/mikem/bcm2835/ BCM 2835] [https://github.com/hermanhermitage/videocoreiv VideoCore4] GPU, not the ARM CPU, is in control, and the SD card slot is the only peripheral device with power. The firmware burned into the BCM2835's VideoCoreIV GPU PROM requires a DOS-style partition table; a FAT-formatted first partition; and the freely redistributable but closed sourced Broadcom files “bootcode.bin” and “start.elf” in that partition.

The boot sequence carries out several pre-boot tasks

*On powering of the rpi, the GPU reads and executes bootcode.bin, which then loads start.elf 
*The GPU loads the “start.elf” file, eventually, into the L2 cache and then executes it
*configures the memory split for the CPU and GPU
*reads and parses “config.txt” from the same partition on the SD card and applies the settings (like a PC’s BIOS settings)
*loads the “kernel.img” file, again from the same partition
*activates the CPU to begin executing the loaded kernel image

The CPU/GPU memory split is hard-coded into start.elf, so Broadcom provides three start.elf images, to give 32M, 64M, or 128M to the GPU for multimedia performance, and the remainder to the CPU.

RPi uses [https://github.com/raspberrypi/firmware some closed source loaders] and at some point it loads a binary blob named &quot;kernel.img&quot; at 0x8000, at that point there would be a rudimentary Aros alive. If one wants to use the SD-card then there would have to be a driver for the interface and a fat filesystem handler (SD-card has to be formatted to fat filesystem)

Boot code and kernel are now linked together and made into that binary blob, just for starters. Raspberry Pi uses [http://kernelnomicon.org/?p=133 u-boot] and [http://kernelnomicon.org/?p=138 UBoot] as bootloader, there's already some code in the Efika MX port for that. UBoot is a native bootloader and not just for the raspberry pi, it loads after start.elf.

You can find Efika MX port from arch implementations, some hacking is needed for the mmakefile.src'es as iit dates back to before the Aros crosstool era or else you get some weird errors while building. You also need to code the bootstrap and serial handling.

At the moment it seems that a fastest route for the native build would be to make one binary blob without using the package system. Raspberry's memory layout is pretty simple and if the implemented u-boot doesn't support loading other modules 

&lt;pre&gt;
?          - alias for 'help'
mtest      - simple RAM test
autoscr    - run script from memory
base       - print or set address offset
bbm        - BBM sub-system
bdinfo     - print Board Info structure
boot       - boot default, i.e., run 'bootcmd'
bootd      - boot default, i.e., run 'bootcmd'
bootm      - boot application image from memory
bootp      - boot image via network using BootP/TFTP protocol
cmp        - memory compare
coninfo    - print console devices and information
cp         - memory copy
crc32      - checksum calculation
echo       - echo args to console
fatinfo    - print information about filesystem
fatload    - load binary file from a dos filesystem
fatls      - list files in a directory (default /)
go         - start application at address 'addr'
help       - print online help
iminfo     - print header information for application image
itest      - return true/false on integer compare
jade       -
loadb      - load binary file over serial line (kermit mode)
loads      - load S-Record file over serial line
loady      - load binary file over serial line (ymodem mode)
loop       - infinite loop on address range
md         - memory display
mm         - memory modify (auto-incrementing)
mtest      - simple RAM test
mw         - memory write (fill)
nfs        - boot image via network using NFS protocol
nm         - memory modify (constant address)
pci        - list and access PCI Configuration Space
ping       - send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST to network host
printenv   - print environment variables
rarpboot   - boot image via network using RARP/TFTP protocol
reset      - Perform RESET of the CPU
run        - run commands in an environment variable
saveenv    - save environment variables to persistent storage
saves      - save S-Record file over serial line
setenv     - set environment variables
sleep      - delay execution for some time
tftpboot   - boot image via network using TFTP protocol
USB        - USB sub-system
usbboot    - boot from USB device
version    - print monitor version
&lt;/pre&gt;


And there is one more thing about modular ports. In order to actually implement this, your bootstrapping environment should provide the ability to load several files. On PC this is provided by GRUB2. on CHRP you can read filesystem via OpenFirmware, and Sam's Parthenope relies on modified u-boot. If your bootstrap allows to load only a single file, then you stuck with monolithic kickstart. By the way...  u-boot allows not only to boot up a single uImage or zImage, it also allows to write client programs AFAIK. With this approach, you actually can write modular bootstrap for ARM AROS using unmodified u-boot.

Most used [http://www.compulab.co.il/workspace/mediawiki/index.php5/U-Boot_quick_reference uboot options] are fatls usb 0:1,

the reason behind INTB_KERNEL is to allow use of the standard Exec function AddIntServer() to add interrupt handlers for
hardware drivers etc. AmigaOS never used it for abstract hardware drivers. AmigaOS  routed  only  raw  hardware IRQs there. Their assignment was hardcoded. As well as number of them. Actually on AmigaOS every bus has its own interrupt subsystem. For example PCI bus. PCI interrupts on Amiga are routed to a single exec interrupt.  1:1 relationship between CPU  and hardware interrupts is present only on PC.

IMHO we miss things like AddInterrupt/RemInterrupt methods on our PCI subsystem's device class.  PCI bus class should map these methods to whatever is appropriate. This is how it is done on AmigaOS and friends. When these are implemented, raw kernel.resource API will be needed only for several PC-specific drivers with hardwired resources. Exec IRQs are real IRQs only on Amiga hardware. On other machines they can be emulated where appropriate (VBlank is a good example). kernel.resource is meant  to be different, its IRQs are hardware-agnostic, they are plain &quot;Hardware IRQ number X, whatever this means&quot;. They are low-level actually, and meaningful only in the context of a particular system.

Was that not the transition from irq.hidd to kernel.resource? No.  A long time ago there was another hacky bit named INTB_TIMERTICK. It was &quot;abstract timer interrupt&quot;, used by timer.device. It was the same as VBlank, but with larger frequency. I removed it, because kernel.resource API was a cleaner way to access this interrupt. Furthermore, there can be more than one timer in the system. Thinking about bringing back timer HIDD definitions again. hpet.resource is a bad idea.

Can someone please enlighten me a little on how the scheduler is meant to work?
 
Poseidon.library creates its &quot;Poseidon Event Task&quot; during RTF_COLDSTART -&gt; then calls Wait(), and ends up in limbo because wait disables interrupts (used for the scheduler heartbeat), and basically waits forever because the sigbit is never set, since krnSwitch doesn't switch the task unless TF_SWITCH is set, and no codepath run during this seems to set it?? TF_SWITCH does not disable/enable switching. This flag just enables to run user-supplied hook when the task is being switched away. It is completely safe to call Wait() in Disable()d state. Doing this actually temporarily breaks this state. IDNestCnt gets remembered in struct Task, then next task is selected, and its IDNestCnt is restored in sysbase (see kernel_scheduler.c). If there are no other tasks, then your cpu_Dispatch() should enable interrupts on the CPU and enter idle mode. See x86 implementation for good example.

You miss what happens next...
 1. KrnSwitch() saves context of your task, saves IDNestCnt (core_Switch() and cpu_Switch()), then drops into cpu_Dispatch().
 2. cpu_Dispatch() calls core_Dispatch. Then two cases are possible:
 2a. There is a READY task. It is picked up, its IDNestCnt is restored in SysBase, then cpu_Dispatch() needs to restore registers and exit. The next task is run.
 2b. There are no READY tasks. core_Dispatch() returns NULL. In this case your cpu_Dispatch() should enter idle loop. It should just enable interrupts on the CPU and put it on halt. This allows it to process hardware interrupts. Eventually some of your interrupt handlers wakes up your task and puts it into READY list.

My heartbeat interrupt has been slowed atm to help debugging - but it never actually gets a chance to fire because of the Wait() disabling interrupts. Perhaps you have forgotten to enable interrupts in your idle loop.

There is a change in the format of AROS executables. Until now we were using Elf RELocable files which are usually used as intermediate object files. We had them for various reasons, one of them was how AROS files were built in the past. That days we had no real aros cross compiler and the option to embed relocation data in unix executables (or in executable files in general) was rather new and not every linux/unix system had it. Therefore we have decided to use intermediate files. Although it was somehow working (and it is still working :-)), it has some drawbacks. Therefore decided to introduce real Elf EXEC types, in first turn implemented on ARM target with option to expand in future to all other AROS architectures.

The first patch was pretty easy and appeared to work somehow. It generated nice executables with embedded relocation info. Not only that, it also removed all global symbols adjusting relocation data to be relative to the beginning of the sections. That move reduced number of symbols in each executable significantly (depending on the file between 20 and 80% of all symbols could be removed). The only symbols that stayed in the file are local ones - due to the nature of the patch wasn't able to remove them since we have not seen them in the symbol hash table.

The patch didn't worked though. The files were relocated, AROS kernel loaded, but it crashed very early. What happened? Well, the nature of ARM relocations happened :)

Most of the relocation data on all machines is rather simple. Relocation can be absolute or pc-relative, sometimes the offset has to be bit shifted. On ARM v7 there is another one. There, when one wants to load an address of function/variable into register a combination of two instructions can be used: movw and movt. The first one loads immediate into lower 16 bits of a register while clearing upper 16 bits. The second one loads immediate into upper 16 bits without touching lower halfword. Loading of a pointer into a register looks like this:

        movw r0, #:lower16:label

        movt   r0, #:upper16:label

In this case there are two relocations - one for lower halfword and another for upper. If an overflow of lower 16 bits occurs during relocation process, the upper one should be updated as well. Unfortunately with current patch and with typical ARM executables there is not enough information to perform the calculations.

There are two options - the first one would be to give up and go back to &quot;fake&quot; executables, another one would be to change from REL to RELA relocation info. The latter contains an addend, extra data which can be used to perform all the relocation calculations I need.

Decided for the second option. The patch is already in the works. There is another function for the binutils' bfd backend to perform the final relocation. There can decide what to do with every reloc info, modify data and eventually strip some symbols. An advantage is - at this stage of the linking process have also full access to all local symbols so can change all relocations section relative and eventually strip all symbols from the files. 


 GPU 

VCore developed by Alphamosaic Ltd and now owned by Broadcom. Most of start.elf runs on the GPU.   Placing ALL the userland GPU code in the videocore.hidd isn't going to be a terribly big problem because the code they published is nothing more than a shim that sends data straight to the GPU to execute.

The good news about this is that we only need to write our HIDD using the OpenVG API.   The shim is relatively small codewise and lives in the ARM memory (the actual OpenVG code itself lives in the GPU RAM area and its loaded from start.elf).   That's also the bad news.  Our driver has to translate AROS video calls to OpenVG calls, for most tasks it should be easy, for some, not so much.  It's still probably less difficult and less work, than controlling the GPU directly.

The other good news is that anything done through OpenVG happens on the GPU, its truly accelerated.   It also has some nice font functions, meaning we can lead into an accelerated text mode later.

Basically, AROS resets or locks up when it tries to use AROS_ATOMIC_INC or DEC.  If I comment out the byte/word operations in the header files and use non-atomic operations, the code works as expected.
 
have read that the L1 cache needs to be enabled to use LDREX and co (which I also read is only meant to be used on multi processor systems with shared memory) - however I am certain this is correctly enabled.

If you are using LREX or STREX, you should have L1 cache enabled, at least on the ARM CPU I work with at work.

L1 cache is enabled by enabling the MMU *AND* setting the C and I bits in the CPU - the C bit is ignored, and the I bit only covers the 16 byte instruction pipeline if the MMU is not enabled.

Can you verify that your assembly is generating LDREX/STREX? From the behavior, it almost sounds like its generating the default Semaphore locked atomics.
 Impossible. There are no semaphore-locked atomics. There are Disable()/Enable()-based ones instead. And there's a special #define AROS_NO_ATOMIC_OPERATIONS in this case, which tweaks Disable()/Enable() implementations not to recurse forever.
 I have tested this on ARMv5 which does not have ldrex/strex, it works fine. On those ARMs there's no way to have real atomics. On other OSes (like Linux) this is done by introducing things like atomic_t, which appears to be a complex structure, holding the value together with accompanying spinlock (implemented using swp).

    #warning &quot;TODO: lookup optimal mmu table settings for raspi memory&quot;
        /* Set up an identity-mapping for all 4GB */
        for(x = 0; x &lt; 4096; x ++)
        {
            pagetable[x] = x&lt;&lt;20 | (0x40002|0x80000|0x010000|0x00C00|0x04);
        }

Shouldn't there be a second loop that sets the 'C' bit in the descriptor for the RAM pages?

Currently, you have TEX=0, C=0, B=1 for all pages (Shared Device).

You should have TEX=0, C=1, B=0 for RAM (Write-Through, Cached)

    So ..
     
     pagetable[x] = x&lt;&lt;20 | 2;

     
    should be enough?

No, for RAM you need to change the '| 0x40' to '| 0x80'

tell dosboot the correct defaults to use

Please don't do this. This bootconfig.c is a deprecated legacy thing. I wanted it to go away completely with time. Instead,  display  drivers  should auto-install themselves during own initialization phase. I. e. detect hardware=&gt;instantiate itself. This   should   make  things way simpler. With this approach you only need  to add the driver into KS image to get the device autobooted. No hardcoded stuff. 
Currently  VESA  and  VGA drivers do this, look there for examples. never rewrote ATI driver because i don't have any test system for it.

they defined a smaller AROSCPUContext than the ExceptionContext - yet reference it as ExceptionContext in other places, and since it hasn't allocated enough storage for ExceptionContext, are corrupting memory/the structure (since the elements that are there don't map 1 to 1 with the exception context).

AFAIK, AROS has been moving in a different direction to this in recent years. It is the job of graphics HIDDs to allocate bitmaps etc. so that they have the most suitable characteristics, including allocating them from GPU RAM where possible. The concept of chip RAM is only for legacy code, and most if not all non-68k platforms should have all system RAM
marked as chip.

BTW, is the video processing code you mention CPU code or GPU code?

Also, IIRC we have support for &quot;external memory allocators&quot;. Perhaps that's what we need for the allocation of GPU RAM through the mailbox.

All hosted and x86 native ports should use proper context formats.

trying to clarify if the vblank handler has to have run by this point to prevent this deadlock. Actually, no. Unless you have installed VBlank handler which should wake up at some point. Without VBlank there will be no quantum count. Consequently, there will be no forced preemption. But the rest will work, and multitasking will be cooperative (switch happens only when current task voluntarily gives up the CPU). Does it depend on the vblank having run before this point? and if yes what does that mean on systems where it might be able to run enough code (e.g. get to this point) before the vblank interrupt has triggered? What is it waiting for? It could wait for timer, in this case you need timer.device working. VBlank is currently needed for exec's quantum counter. In current native ports we have only a single timer, which is served by timer.device. VBlank is simulated by timer.device also. If your machine has two timers, then you can use one of them for VBlank, and another for timer.device, this will simplify things down. VBlank needs to be 50 Hz for historical reasons, many programs use it as cheap timer. I am periodically thinking about making some abstract mechanism to be able to change quantum source (and untie it from 50 Hz), but have no time to come up with something good. Additionally i started disliking timer.device hardcoded design when PC has got many timers (old 8253, APIC, HPET).
Currently i think there should be some low-level entity representing tick source. timer.device should just select the most appropriate source for its units.
The BCM2835 has 4 GPU based timer sources - 2 are used by the GPU, so im using Timer3 for our heartbeat and the remaining one will be free to the system. There is also the less capable ARM timer but that is dependent on the CPU frequency. Very good. You won't need any emulation. Set the heartbeat to 50 Hz and drive VBlank from it. Use other timer for MicroHZ.

Can you use the 'econsole.hook' I make for debugging the Sam460 via the serial port?
It provides a before-anything-else shell prompt on the serial port.  You can then do 'NewCLI' to test your graphics, or use any DOS command in shellcommands.resource.

You should just be able to add econsole.hook to your module list, and use 'econsole' in your bootargs.

So long as you have a working Exec/RawMayGetChar and Exec/RawPutChar, it should work.

Also make sure to add shell.resource and shellcommands.resource for this.

That should have done it.

If you set &quot;#define DEBUG 1&quot; in  arch/all-native/econsole/econsole.c, do you get any additional serial output?

have added it to the build and added econsole to the command line - and can see the bootloader picks up on the emergency bootconsole tag, but I still only get the insert bootable media display?

Im assuming it exposes a fake filesystem that tricks aros into booting?
The contents of which are: ECON:AROS.boot

Way to handle the scheduling code? The implementations I had been following were causing problems, due to cascading interrupts which I cant handle properly in the asm stubs just now (when they break disable etc.) - since it means detecting the interrupted codes cpu mode and getting the correct sp/lr for it, and that's just too tedious for arm.
 
To work around this ive added a system idle task which does nothing - and when the scheduling code has no task to run switches this in and lets it run, thereby allowing the interrupts etc to resume until something does need to happen.
 
Also, by adding accounting code to cpu_Switch() and cpu_Dispatch(), it should allow the system to log idle time correctly (as well as running tasks).
 
have thought of also adding an additional task that never runs, solely to record time spent in IRQ handlers, but I digress..

was under the impression that kernel.resource should *never* be used outside of exec.library. This is a wrong impression.
Michal started designing it because portable nature of AROS does not fit well into exec's API with all its assumptions. So, he started the new, hardware-agnostic kernel API from scratch. Yes, exec sits on top of it in places. But kernel always meant to be open thing. Otherwise it would not exist. 
it wasn't meant to be just used willy nilly by user code - but by lower system components (e.g. exec) so that they could be implemented in a more generic fashion, and the kernel resource itself hide the systems quirks.

Adding new things there perfectly keeps up with our decision to minimize AROS-specific intervention into APIs which can clash with MorphOS or Amiga OS4 extensions. We want at least source-level compatibility there. Binary compatibility on PPC would be extremely cool, but at the other hand we have no maintainer for this, as well as their ABIs splintering. 
It depends on what exactly is being implemented - there's no reason we should have everything crammed into kernel.resource if it doesn't need to be (i.e. if its better suited as a separate component/subsystem in its own right)

The _LE versions are for when you have endian swapping taking place.  If the graphics are the same endian as the CPU, no swapping should occur.  I ran into a similar terminology problem in SDL with a friend insisting that his Radeon 7000 on his PC was big-endian.  It is not, it just uses the same endianness for the graphics card and the CPU so no swapping was necessary.  They were both little-endian.
The _LE versions are because the PixFmts refer to the bitmap data being in big endian format in memory, for which the normal version would need to do endianness conversion before applying the shifts/masks. on this platform it is in _LE in memory also so we don't need the conversion hence using the _LE version of the call). would use _LE (if it's really little endian 16 bit mode).

 
What is the bare minimum needed to implement a framebuffer based gfx driver, with our software handling the rest?

Have tried with just a gfx class that only expose new/dispose/newbitmap - and having an onscreenbitmap used only for the framebuffer itself (with all other bitmaps being chunkybm, and the framebuffer's superclass also being chunkybm), but that alone isn't enough it seems?
You can use workbench/hidds/sm502/ as your example - it is as simple as I could make it.
So, AROS creates the framebuffer bitmap (verified this) -&gt; so surely it should be capable of then rendeing into it? I don't actually create the framebuffer &quot;bitmap object&quot; myself - only as a result of being asked to. The code I currently have on SVN seems to create the framebuffers bitmap object fine, but then crashes in intuitions DisplayDriver callback.  In particular it crashes performing the getattr on the system default pointer. don't expose MEMF_CHIP in an allocatable form so AllocSpriteData was failing (and other code later doesn't check if the values are valid == illegal memory accesses) 

So far have -:

vc_init: queries the gpus memory, and sets up a fake memory handler for it, then adds the bootmode driver and returns saying all is well
vc_gfxhidd:New: sets up some fake syncmodes to test with and creates the real gfx object.
vc_gfxhidd:NewBitmap: checks if its a framebuffer and uses the onbitmap class or uses the chunkybm class otherwise
vc_onbitmap:New; creates a chunkybm object and then pushes the real framebuffer address into it as the buffer,

vc4 had v8adds, v8subs, v8muld, v8min and v8max which operated on four 8bit uint values packed into a 32bit register. Multiplication was in the range 0.0 to 1.0 and addition/subtraction saturated. There were also a range unpacking/packing modes that allowed you to pack and unpack 8bit values into 32bit registers. 

RasPi has to speak to the &quot;operating system&quot; which runs on the GPU itself and request/free memory - it cant directly manage it itself, and so the managed functions were used to wrap these calls.

The Arm and GPU share memory space. The framebuffer is shared. The Arm can write a pixel and it will appear on the screen (through GPU hardware) without flushing/copying being required.

The GPU can composite multiple FB's in real time - so you have a number of surfaces defined which are rotated etc and  composited in real time to the output. Copying can map from the address space of the Arm to the flat space of the GPU which takes some code, but I don't think whole buffers are copied.

The DMA hardware can also access the whole memory space and can perform 2D fills and blits (no blending). This is documented in the peripheral spec posted. The DMA is just an Arm accessible peripheral and can be set up with low latency (e.g. microseconds).
must use a 0xc0000000-based bus address to access SDRAM, yet non-DMA access should go via a 0x0-based bus address. 
For 2D dma, set TDMODE, and the spec says &quot;interpret the TXFR_LEN register as YLENGTH number of transfers each of XLENGTH, and add the strides to the address after each transfer.&quot; so set STRIDE to pitch of the image, the width is XLENGTH and height is YLENGTH. You would fill by not setting the SRC_INC and point source to your fill data.

The DMA cannot see the ARM's L1 cache, so you would map the framebuffer with ioremap_nocache. Depending on where the source data comes from, it may need an L1 cache flush. The DMA can see the L2 cache. Use 0xC0000000 bus addresses when L2 is disabled and 0x40000000 bus addresses when L2 is enabled. (actually just call virt_to_bus and you'll get the right address out).

openGLES/openVG has high latency. Writing to framebuffer then reading it back is very inefficient (e.g. milliseconds). If you can drive it a unidirectional way, just streaming commands at then that is efficient. openVG is not implemented on top of openGLES - it uses the same hardware but as a first class interface

To improve the Gfx driver, we will need a DMA resource implemented so can use to perform DMA operations. The Gfx driver will need this to perform blits.


Actually MEMF_CHIP has to present, for historical reasons.
This has been never fully agreed upon, but in ports i wrote i exposed the whole memory as MEMF_CHIP. The idea behind this is that CHIP is originally the memory where graphics and sound data can be put. On non-Amiga platforms there are no restrictions on this, so the whole memory is CHIP.
Yes, many old software can misbehave with CHIP memory size larger than 2MB. But this actually applies only to m68k AROS which is going to run m68k binaries. In other cases it's quite logical to fix the program when porting.

As to original question: yes, it's enough to have a framebuffer bitmap (one with aoHidd_BitMap_FrameBuffer set to TRUE) and PutPixel routine. It framebuffer can be served by chunky bitmap class, then you can simply create chunky bitmap with your own buffer (see how VESA driver does this). Chunky PutPixel is already there.

struggling to determine what is the correct pixfmt to use for the 24/16/15 bit gfx modes on the RasPi.  AFAIK it uses RGB565, for 16bit but im unsure what shifts etc should go with it? suffice to say Im getting the wrong colors so far lol.

&lt;pre&gt;
redmask: 0x0000F800
greenmask: 0x000007E0
bluemask: 0x0000001F
alphamask: 0

redshift: 16
greenshift: 21
blueshift: 27
alphashift: 0
&lt;/pre&gt;

It should likely be vHidd_StdPixFmt_RGB16_LE

This stuff is a bit confusing.  The &quot;names&quot; of the stdpixfmts are based on the layout in memory,
ignoring endianess. So for example:

ARGB32: will be 0xAA 0xRR 0xGG 0xBB in memory on both big endian and little endian machines.

The shifts and masks OTOH are based on pixel access (ULONG in this case), so differ depending
on whether you run on big endian machine or little endian machine (that's why there's stdpixfmt_le.h and
stdpixfmt_be.h in rom/hidds/graphics/).

With the 16 bit pixel format it's even more confusing, as for example it's impossible on little endian machine
to describe RGB16 with shifts/masks alone. That's why there's vHidd_PixFmt_SwapPixelBytes_Flag.
(RGB16 == RRRRRGGG GGGBBBBB in memory, and for pixel (WORD) access on little endian machine it needs to
be accessed as GGGBBBBBRRRRRGGGG).

The shifts btw indicate how much to shift the component to the left (!) so that it is moved to the highest bit (31).

The aHidd_PixFmt_StdPixFmt you specify will be ignored most of the time, because when the pixelfmt is registered,
the gfx hidd checks if there's an identical pixfmt (shifts/masks/etc., but ignoring pixfmt-&gt;stdpixfmt) already in the system,
and if so, it uses the already existing one and does not create a new one.

In theory it would be better if gfx drivers could simply/only specify a StdPixFmt without all the shifts/masks stuff when the
gfx driver uses pixfmt which matches one of the stdpixfmts exactly. Another possibility would be for gfx drivers to use
HIDD_Gfx_GetPIxFmt(stdpixfmt_gfx_driver_wants_to_use) and then peek shifts/masks from it and fill out a pixfmt
tag list based on that.
15bit very blue/green: Try to pass same shifts/masks/etc. as in 16 bit pixfmt (maybe you think it's using 15 bit R5G5B5
(or swapped) but it's actually still using 16 bit R5G6B5 (or swapped).
 aHidd_PixFmt_StdPixFmt you pass is mostly ignored. It's the shift/masks/etc. that count.
But I would still pass the correct one (_LE) == whatever rom/hidds/graphics/stdpixfmts_??.h uses
in the entry where you have looked up shifts/masks/etc.

Use the shifts/masks/etc. from the entry in stdpixfmt_le.h (if you are running on little endian machine) or stdpixfmt_be.h (if you
are running on little endian machine) that matches the pixfmt that its meant to be.

0xAA,0xRR,0xGG,0xBB on little endian (-&gt;entry in stdpixfmt_le.h which says vHidd_StdPixFmt_ARGB32)
0xBB,0xGG,0xRR,0xAA on little endian (-&gt;entry in stdpixfmt_le.h which says vHidd_StdPixFmt_BGRA32)

0xAA,0xRR,0xGG,0xBB on big endian (-&gt;entry in stdpixfmt_be.h which says vHidd_StdPixFmt_ARGB32)
0xBB,0xGG,0xRR,0xAA on big endian (-&gt;entry in stdpixfmt_be.h which says vHidd_StdPixFmt_BGRA32)

it feels like AROS trashes the alpha component, otherwise it should be 8A8R8G8B.

read on the subject suggest its in 1x5r5g5b (x is ignored) to keep 16bit alignment .
 
Suggests to me that wrong shift/mask are being applied - however going by the 16bit versions it all looks correct to me so I am really confused as to what is happening.

The output image looks to have too much green/blue, and very weak red.


 Kickstart 

The  idea  is  to minimize amount of archirecture-specific modules to make the user's  life  easier.  So,  the kickstart was split into 'base' (which  does  not  contain anything machine-specific) and 'BSP' (Board Support Package) which contains all hardware-specific stuff. This  way,  for  example, distribution makers can save up space on CD and  make  CDs with multiple platform support. Different configuration would load the same base with different BSP's.

Next  there  was some part which is entirely missing on hosted. These are   filesystems.  Hosted  ports  do  not need them to boot up, so on hosted   they  are  left  out.  At  the  other  hand,  they  are  also architecture-agnostic.  So  i put them into 'FS' package (standing for 'filesystem').


 USB 

Poseidon  is  one  more  big part. I made it into separate package in order to allow users to omit it if they don't need it (for example, to run  on retro PCs without USB). Personally i have one. Again, Poseidon is  hardware-agnostic (well, there are USB drivers but HCIs are pretty standard).

AFAIK its HCI 1.0 compliant but not familiar enough with poseidons drivers, nor USB, to just hack away at the existing code.  Perhaps once i'm more familiar with the workings I can merge in the changes needed to get it operating but for now I will focus on getting it running.  Also our drivers have known issues so perhaps a fresh set of eyes might shed some light on what is going wrong.

Another interesting question is whether Poseidon can operate on device side. Is it flexible enough? How similar is being a USB host and USB device? think it will need a bit of work on Poseidon's side.  Until then I will force the driver into Host/Master mode in the init code, but leave open device etc to configure the chipset for either's use - and look at trying to add support for working in Device/Slave mode &amp; switching modes once it's up and running.

Actually USBROMStartup is some kind of kludge. Can there be any alternative? Could device drivers be self-installing, like our HIDDs? This would get rid of need to list them in USBRomStartup.

* Model A and B limited to 150 mA per port. 
* Model B+ and Pi 2 introduced configurable 600 mA to 1.2 A support over all ports - anything above that requires a powered USB hub.

Implementing the hardware driver that Poseidon uses to interact with the USB components.

Have code in place to (try) and initialise the USB chipset, and configure host/device mode operation (though AFAICT Poseidon doesn't support device mode). Started to get the &quot;virtual&quot; root hub written for the single USB port so that Poseidon should at least list it correctly in the GUI - and try to interact with it to find peripherals.


The BCM2835 uses a soft IP block from Synopsys’ DesignWare library (DWC), specifically the block is called dwc_usb_2_0_hs_otg_subsystem-ahb_se (“USB 2.0 Hi-Speed OTG Controller Subsystem w/AHB Interface SE”).

There is no public documentation for this, and pretty much zero chance of anyone getting hold of it even with NDA. However, there's a Linux driver written by Synopsys ([https://github.com/raspberrypi/linux dwc_usb]). Specifically directories [https://github.com/raspberrypi/linux/tree/rpi-patches/drivers/usb/host dwc_common_port] and [https://github.com/raspberrypi/linux/tree/rpi-patches/drivers/usb/host dwc_otg].

The Synopsys code is actually under a fairly permissive licence – it's not GPL, it's similar to BSD (’don't sue us if it breaks’ is pretty much the only clause). So this should not be a barrier to porting the code.

The code is really well written, with a nice partition between the work done by the driver (dwc_otg, which is fairly involved, given the host does more work than a conventional EHCI driver), and the interface to Linux (dwc_common_port).

Probably only need provision of relevant changes to dwc_common_port. Other things to consider....

* Provision of necessary headers to get it to compile
* Provision of necessary functions (main issues are wait queues, threads, work queues, tasklets, timers, spinlocks and mutexes (multithreading) )
* Interfacing between USB stack and the driver. dwc_otg/dwc_otg_hcd_linux.c looks like the place to start.

the Linux bits of the headers are only required for the dwc_common_port library. dwc_common_port includes a variety of crypto functions which are not used – it appears to also be used for ultrawideband (UWB) and wireless USB (WUSB) drivers where crypto will be an issue, but it isn't going to be for plain wired USB.

Every USB driver acts as an USB hub as well in order to let Poseidon control the state of USB ports. The code there was reading status of the only USB port in Raspberry's CPU but when changing the status it erroneously deleted some of the status bits, including the port enable one. It was so because those bits in the status register are of a type Read/WriteToClear. It means, if one does not want to change their value from 1 back to 0, one has to actually write the 0 value. Very practical thing e.g. in interrupt handlers, where one reads the interrupt status register to learn what was the interrupt reason, and writes it back to the same register in order to clear the interrupts. 

After fixing that code it turned out that the communication was still unsuccessful. Apparently the USB device was not understanding the host for some reason. That should not happen since the request sent was one of the standard ones implemented by virtually anything with an USB connector, assumed that Poseidon clears the data caches before forwarding the work to the USB drivers but that's the responsibility of the driver itself. 

The USB device responded and acknowledged the transmission! But why were all the request sent after address change failing with timeout? They should not. Once again, address set is supported just by anything. Tried to contact the device at address 0 once again and there it was, still responding properly. The enlightenment came. The bus address for DMA transmissions was, as it is in many bare metal USB implementations, just the pure memory address of the buffer as seen by the ARM cpu. Have &quot;prefixed&quot; it with the real location of uncached RAM and booted AROS once again. 


Trident saw this:

    Product     : Hub: Vdr=0424/PID=9514
    Manufacturer: Standard Microsystems Corp.
    SerialNumber: n/a
    /Users/michal/git/AROS/rom/USB/poseidon/./poseidon.library.c:psd_20_psdEnumerateDevice/3092: USBVersion: 0200
    Class     : 9
    SubClass  : 0
    DevProto  : 2
    VendorID  : 1060
    ProductID : 38164
    DevVers   : 0200

and this:

    Product     : Vendor: Vdr=0424/PID=EC00
    Manufacturer: Standard Microsystems Corp.
    SerialNumber: n/a
    /Users/michal/git/AROS/rom/USB/poseidon/./poseidon.library.c:psd_20_psdEnumerateDevice/3092: USBVersion: 0200
    Class     : 255
    SubClass  : 0
    DevProto  : 1
    VendorID  : 1060
    ProductID : 60416
    DevVers   : 0200

and even this:

    Product     : Hub: Vdr=0424/PID=9514
    Manufacturer: Standard Microsystems Corp.
    SerialNumber: n/a
    /Users/michal/git/AROS/rom/USB/poseidon/./poseidon.library.c:psd_20_psdEnumerateDevice/3092: USBVersion: 0200
    Class     : 9
    SubClass  : 0
    DevProto  : 2
    VendorID  : 1060
    ProductID : 38164
    DevVers   : 0200

What are these things? The first one is USB hub built in the Raspberry. Thanks to this one the Pi machines (with exception of Pi0 and computing modules) have more than just one single USB port. The second one is the network chip in raspberry, the third one is my USB SD card reader which have just connected to see what happens. AROS tried, of course, to boot from it ;)

So, the first step towards working USB is done. The control transfers are working as you can see above. Next step is to implement bulk and interrupt transfers, having the basics in place. Finally some error handling will be added and USB for Pi will be as complete as the PC version. 

[http://www.raspyfi.com/raspberry-pi-usb-audio-fix/ Issue with USB Audio]


 Audio 

The Pi 4B is the only Pi that can output HD Audio as an HD Audio passthrough bitstream, and it does it over HDMI. It's possible to use the two HDMI output for separate HDMI video and HDMI audio outputs to allow UHD HDR video and HD Audio with non-UHD HDR compatible AVRs. 

The Pi3B+ and earlier will decode to PCM 5.1/7.1 and output over HDMI.  HDMI is the only interconnect that has a standard for carrying Dolby True HD, DTS HD MA etc. as a bitstream - you can't carry it as a bitstream on any other interface.

Pi3 and Pi4 audio jack output derived from 12bit pulse width modulation is relatively poor. For better, choose USB Audio or I2C versions. 

[https://github.com/raspberrypi/linux/tree/rpi-patches/sound/arm audio] and its [https://github.com/raspberrypi/firmware/issues/2 very high speed message passing interface type of thing VCHI] 

The Model B+ added an additional voltage regulator for the audio output and an additional output driver to drive low-resistance loads like headphones. However it is still using pulse-width modulation (PWM), which has a major impact on sound quality

the old Raspberry Pi used a linear voltage regulator to provide the 3.3V to many of the components on the board while the new one uses a switching regulator. Both can perform reasonably well. However switch mode power supplies often show higher noise figures

Analogue audio

Audio over HDMI rev 1.3 &amp; 1.4


 Ethernet 

10/100 BaseT Ethernet RJ45 socket


 GPIO 

GPIO shouldn't be too bad but bear in mind it is already accessed in places so they would need to allocate pins etc through it (e.g. sdcard to flicker the activity light, serial debug to output data on the GPIO pins)

Probably a resource rather than a device...

Started an i2c driver that will need to allocate GPIO pins. Feel free to work on it if you are interested ;p


 GPU graphics with 2D and 3D acceleration 

Sadly none yet for 32bit but for 64bit... 


 Miscellanous

hdmi issues

Setting the hdmi_force_hotplug=1 makes sure the Pi believes the monitor/TV is really there.

You might also need to set config_hdmi_boost=4 or even higher (up to 9) if your display needs a stronger signal.

If the display is a computer monitor or newer tv, use hdmi_group=1 (auto HDMI use) and if it is an older TV, try hdmi_group=2 (for DMT formats, i.e. for PC monitors) then you HAVE to &quot;set hdmi_drive = 2 to enable HDMI output as this forces HDMI mode rather than DVI mode

Do not set hdmi_safe=1 as that overrides many of the previous options.

Using a shorter or better quality HDMI cable might help. Make sure your Pi's power supply delivers 1 A and not 500 mA.
If you see a problem with the red colour - either absent, or interference - then try a boost

composite video

changing the RCA cable, then the composite port worked out of the box

Boot it as you are doing, without HDMI. If you now plug in the HDMI, do you get the image? In other words, does the Pi think HDMI is connected even when it isn't?

Rename all the files in the first partion of the card except bootcode.bin, start.elf and fixup.dat  What's the result?

Put back config.txt What's the result?

for PAL mode   sdtv_mode=2

dmi_ignore_hotplug Pretends HDMI hotplug signal is not asserted so it appears a HDMI display is not attached
hdmi_ignore_hotplug=1 Use composite mode even if HDMI monitor is detected

&lt;pre&gt;
# NOOBS Auto-generated Settings:
#hdmi_force_hotplug=1
#config_hdmi_boost=4
#overscan_left=24
#overscan_right=24
#overscan_top=16
#overscan_bottom=16
#disable_overscan=0
start_x=1
gpu_mem=128
&lt;/pre&gt;

tvservice -c &quot;PAL 4:3&quot;

&lt;pre&gt;
/opt/vc/bin/tvservice -s   or tvservice -s 
state: HPD high|HDMI mode|HDCP off|composite off (0x12001a), 1920x1080 @ 60 Hz, progressive

/opt/vc/bin/tvservice -m CEA
Group CEA has 1 modes:
(native) mode 16: 1920x1080 @ 60 Hz, progressive

/opt/vc/bin/tvservice -m DMT
Group DMT has 0 modes:
&lt;/pre&gt;

sudo amixer cset numid=3 1

forces the audio to the headphone jack, even with the HDMI video output plugged in

config.txt

the hdmi_ignore_edid_audio=1 option sems relevant as it should tell ALSA that the only available audio is analog, no matter what the display says

There are several different ways that these 4 pole (ring) composite analog cables can be wired up, so some work great in some applications and can be a waste of time in others.

What is needed for the Raspberry Pi B+ and above, which like many camcorders needs the ring contact next to the base contact to be the ground.


The wiring for the 4 pole are:

TIP (LEFT AUDIO CHANNEL)

RING 1 (RIGHT AUDIO CHANNEL)

RING 2 (GROUND/EARTH)

RING 3 BASE/SLEEVE (VIDEO) YELLOW

Most Apple based Players and the Microsoft Zune (TM) are wired this way.

Most analogue camcorders are wired this way as well, where the ground in on Ring 2 will work with the Pi although you may need to swap your Video plug with the Right Audio plug.

Nearly all other MP3 players are not wired this way, the ground is on another ring ie the wrong one.


External devices

* Camera Module Omnivision ov5647 Sunny 5MP (NoIR version) V1.3 - NoIR at 850&amp;nbsp;nm, peak at 880&amp;nbsp;nm and trails off at 940&amp;nbsp;nm wavelengths 
* Camera V2 Sony IMX219 V2.1 8mpixel 8MP 8megapixel - 3280 x 2464 pixels - video at 1080p30, 720p60 and 640x480p90 - wider field of view, 62 vs 54 degrees horizontally - 
* Branded WIFI usb BCM43143 dongle

N.B.  dreaded error after changing cameras (stupidly without turning off the power first) and lasted through several power cycles.  It can be a bad 15-pin FFC ribbon cable, when swapped, camera(s) and the Pi itself are working OK. It can be an instance of a cold solder joint on the CSI connector on the pi board.  the camera can be detected (that's done via I2C) but may still not be able to receive image data (done via CSI-2) if something is broken. CSI-2 is uni-directional. Control is generally done via I2C. 
The CSI-2 receiver always writes to memory, not direct to the ISP. That's the way the Broadcom architecture works as it allows multipass processing easily. GPU memory is accessible from the ARM. Processing using the QPU graphics processors may be possible.  currently the only supported sensor is OV5647 and IMX219.  The linux drivers are all in the firmware blob, else you'd  be looking at at least a man-month of work in a fully fledged imaging lab to do a decent tuning of the camera modules' ISP parameters. 
Static electricity maybe an issue for the camera module and slightly less for the pi board.


== References ==


===Good sites to visit===

*[https://github.com/raspberrypi/firmware/tree/master/ Raspberry Pi Firmware build] 
*[https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/computers/software-sources.html Documentation] 
*[https://rpilocator.com/ RPiLocator] 


Linux only
*[https://github.com/raspberrypi/linux Raspberry Pi Linux Build] 
*[https://dietpi.com/ DietPi] 
*[http://www.tinycorelinux.net/ports.html piCore]
*[https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi Alpine Linux] 
*[https://github.com/armbian/build Armbian] 


*[ FydeOS]
*[ TwisterOS based on ChromiumOS] 
*[https://note.com/jamesmondo/n/nc76e31402be8?hl=en BSD] 


*[https://www.raspberrypi.com/software/operating-systems/ PiOS Lite] and then [https://hstwb.firstrealize.com/ HST] 
*[ PiMiga for pi4 and pi5] 
*[ amibian for pi2 and pi3] 
*[ retropie pi1 and 2] 


Other alternative lighter smaller than Pi OS 
*[https://aros.sourceforge.io/nightly1.html Aros 64bit ARMV8 single core] 
*[https://www.riscosopen.org/wiki/documentation/show/Welcome%20to%20RISC%20OS%20Pi RiscOS on Pi3 and Pi4]
*[https://github.com/michalsc/Emu68 ARM based realtime JIT 68k for amiga computers] 
*[https://github.com/JJDSNT/bellatrix/releases/ Alternative use of Emu68 on Pi3b] 
*[https://github.com/stevereaver/uaos uaOS with Emu68k] 
*[https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commit/f80a268607dfae81b2db94755ab4e4d31ccb72d6 m68kemu library reference] 
*[ HaikuOS]
*[https://github.com/raspberrypi/noobs NOOBS] os loader with successor [https://github.com/procount/pinn PINN] 
*[https://github.com/maxnet/berryboot berryboot]

*[https://github.com/brianwiddas/pi-baremetal Bare Metal Access on Pi 32bit] 


Testing procedure is put sd card in, connect board to board if necessary, plug in hdmi and then power nothing else is done especially CSI DSI etc 

[https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/computers/compute-module.html CM5] has the same 55mm x 40mm 2x100pin connectors form factor as the CM4 but [https://www.epdtonthenet.net/article/214508/Key-Considerations-When-Migrating-from-Raspberry-Pi-CM4-to-CM5.aspx some pins and other small things] have changed. Will need the [https://raspipcb.com/tech-blog/raspberry-pi-cm4-vs-cm5-difference-in-booting-from-sd-card/ right IO board to suit] 

*Green [ Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5 IO Board REV2 [https://pip.raspberrypi.com/categories/1097-raspberry-pi-compute-module-5-io-board SC1967]] - untested 
*Green [ RPi Compute Module 5 IO board REV1 [https://pip.raspberrypi.com/categories/1097-raspberry-pi-compute-module-5-io-board SC1751]] - untested 
*Black SupTronics Geekbord X1500 CM5 IO Carrier Board - untested
*Black DeskPi Super6C Cluster Mini-ITX Board - untested 
*[https://sipeed.com/nanocluster Sipeed NanoCluster] - untested up to 7 CM5 
*Green BentoIO CMX0 - untested 
*Box EDATec ED-CLAWBOX - untested 
*Home Assistant Yellow - Kit with PoE with Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5 - untested 
*Blue [https://www.waveshare.com/wiki/CM5_PoE_BASE_A Waveshare CM5-PoE-BASE-A] - untested 
*Box  Waveshare [ CM5-POE-BOX-A] - untested 
*Blue [https://www.waveshare.com/wiki/CM5-IO-BASE-B Waveshare CM5-IO-BASE-B] - untested 
*Blue [https://www.waveshare.com/wiki/CM5-IO-BASE-A Waveshare CM5-IO-BASE-A] - untested 
*Blue Waveshare [https://www.waveshare.com/wiki/CM5-NANO-B CM5-NANO-B] - untested 


*[https://carboncomputers.us/products/pi-flux piFlux]
*[https://carboncomputers.us/products/ Zitaotech Hackberry] CM5 lite only - 
*Portable [https://www.waveshare.com/pocketterm35.htm Waveshare PocketTerm35] with Pi4B or Pi5 - untested 
*Box [https://www.clockworkpi.com/uconsole ClockworkPi uConsole][https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EtI_bAahbR8 CM4 into an adapter or CM3 into so-dimm - Cyberdeck] - untested 


*Green RPi [https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/cm4io/CM4IO-KiCAD.zip Compute Module 4] [https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/cm4io/cm4io-datasheet.pdf IO board] V1.4 [https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/cm4io/CM4IOUSB3-KiCAD.zip USB3] [https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/cm4io/cm4iousb3-appnote.pdf CM4ISO] [https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/cm4/cm4-datasheet.pdf Dual100pin] (2020) aka Development Platform Board - untested 
*Purple Pi Hut Cytron CM4 Maker Board - untested 
*Black DeskPi Super6C Cluster Mini-ITX Board - untested 
*[ KubeSail PiBox mini 2] 
*Home Assistant Yellow with Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4 - untested 
*[ Turing Pi V2] - untested CM4 with 260-pin SO-DIMM socket adapters and/or nvidia jetson nanos - untested 
*Blue [https://www.waveshare.com/wiki/CM4-IO-BASE-C Waveshare CM4-IO-BASE-C] - untested but binary blobs Rev01 Rev02 
*Blue [https://www.waveshare.com/wiki/CM4-IO-BASE-B Waveshare CM4-IO-BASE-B] - untested but binary blobs 
*Blue [https://www.waveshare.com/wiki/CM4-IO-BASE-A Waveshare CM4-IO-BASE-A] - untested but binary blobs 
*Blue [https://www.waveshare.com/wiki/CM4-NANO-B Waveshare CM4-NANO] - untested but usb and audio turned off or rerouted 
*Black [ Seeed Studio with BigTreeTech BTT pad 7] - bin blobs? 


CM3 has a 200 pin sodimm ddr2 connector form factor but not electrically SC0028, SC0029 
*Blue [https://wiki.geekworm.com/CM_IO_Board Geekworm RPi Compute Module IO Board] [https://github.com/geekworm-com/cm-io-board CSI DSI] with CM3 in ddr2 slot underside - '''works''' if SW1 on but CM3+ '''does not''' 
*Green [https://cdn-shop.adafruit.com/product-files/3442/CMIO_schematic.pdf RPi V3 IO board CM3IO] and CM3 Lite - untested 
*Green [https://turingpi.com/ turingpi v1 cluster] - untested up to 7 cm3 7xlan9514 12V discontinued, 3 x Pi4 homelab maybe better 
*Blue [https://www.waveshare.com/wiki/Compute_Module_PoE_Board Waveshare Compute Module PoE Board] and CM3 lite (if not lite, write files to internal eMMC fat32) '''AVOID''' bin blobs 
*Blue [https://www.waveshare.com/compute-module-io-board-plus.htm Waveshare Compute Module IO Board Plus] [https://www.waveshare.com/wiki/Compute_Module_IO_Board_Plus wiki] [https://forums.raspberrypi.com/viewtopic.php?t=235695 pin settings] with CM3+ Lite - '''AVOID''' binary blob 


*[ Pi02w on Geekworm SupTronics X305 Raspberry Pi Zero IO Baseboard] - untested 
*[ Spotpear Pi Zero 2w to Pi3b format-ish] - untested 


*[ pi-top v4] box has 128x64 oled display, micro hdmi, 19Whr battery with pi4 and 15V PD 36W min needed 
*[ pi-top v3] three green pieces, heatsink covers most of the base tray, pi-top hub mk1 lhs and Pi1B Pi2b Pi3b rhs secured from below, black rounded strip with pi-top above keyboard, 13.3&quot; HD 1366 x 768 display, small touchpad, 
*[ pi-top Model 2.0] pi-top on bottom bezel of 14-inch green laptop, large trackpad, keyboard slide down to reveal main system hub on slide rails moved to the right, Raspberry Pi3b screws down, hub slides in, 18V 2.5A 45W charger brick, battery 11.1V 3500mAh 38.85Wh and storage PiTopOS 
*[ Pi-Top CEED Raspberry Pi Modular Educational Desktop with RPI3] monitor 
*[https://www.indiegogo.com/en/projects/jesselozano/pi-top-a-raspberry-pi-laptop-you-build-yourself Pi-Top v1] wedge laptop with RPi2 


&lt;pre&gt;
2008 Trustees collected for Foundation
2009 Pi Foundation charity status gained 
2010 
2011 First Raspberry prototypes 
2012 First boards go on sale at CPC and RS. The Model A and B 700 MHz Arm11 - February 29th BCM 2835
2012 First million sold - more than the 10,000 original planned and anticipated 
2013 First Alpha Experimental builds of AROS Native for the 32bit Pi 
2013 Pi Trading launched making grants available, providing in house educational resources and Pi Academy for teacher training 
2013 Over two million sold 
2014 Over three million sold 
2014 Pi 1 Model B+ introduced that moved composite video to audio jack and same half gig of memory 
2014 Pi Model A+ v1.1 no ethernet and 1 usb - a little smaller - 
2015 Over four million first gen pis sold  
2015 Pi Zero 1.2 BCM2835 first production revision released with no camera port 
2016 Pi0 1.3 released with camera csi connector 
2017 Pi Zero W v1.1 1GHz Pi0W, single-core 32bit CPU BCM2835 released with Cypress CYW43438 wireless 
2020 Raspberry Pi Pico SC0919 with RP2040 32-bit 2Core ARM Cortex-M0+ up to 133 MHz - 264KB of SRAM and 2MB of on-board QSPI Flash - 
2024 Raspberry Pi Pico 2 with RP2350 2Core 32bit Arm Cortex-M33 and 2core open-hardware [https://github.com/wren6991/hazard3 Hazard3 RISC-V] 

2015 Pi 2 Model B v1.1 BCM2836 900/600 MHz ARM Cortex-A7 Armv7 quad 32bit, 32bit VideoCore IV GPU - 1Gb RAM - 5V 2A micro usb - SMSC LAN9514 chip - 
2015 Over a million pi2s sold 


2015 Raspberry Pi 2 Model B version 1.2 Pi2bv1.2, aka Pi2B2 has armv8 BCM2837 underclocked to 900Mhz without wifi/bluetooth module 
2016 Pi 3 Model B - Broadcom BCM2837 SOC four 64bit ARMv8 Cortex-A53 1.2GHz 32bit 1080p VideoCore IV GPU - 1Gb DDR2 - bluetooth 4.1, Cypress CYW43438 wireless 802.11n - 4 x USB2.0 ports - 5.1V 2.5A - SMSC LAN9514 chip 
2016 PIs total over 10 million worldwide 
2017 Compute Module 3 CM3 with BCM2837B0 armv8 Quad 64-bit - small 67.6mm x 31mm board which fits DDR2 SODIMM connector but not electrically compatible which plugs into needed IO board - beware of the I2C protocol issue 
     1Gb LPDDR2 RAM - Lite or 4Gb Emmc storage 
2017 12 million pis sold in total 
2018 Pi 3 Model B+ - 4c A53 BCM2837B0 1.4Ghz - 1Gb, wireless 802.11ac, gigabit ethernet (300Mbit/s) and bluetooth 4.2 - power over ethernet - 4 x USB2.0 ports - Microchip LAN7515 chip 
2019 Over 15 million sold 
2019 Pi 3 Model A+ with BCM2837b0 Cortex-A53 64-bit SoC @ 1.4 GHz with 512Mb LPDDR2, 1 usb2, 1 hdmi, 1 micro usb 5V 2A - no ethernet - 
2019 Raspberry Pi Compute Module 3+ CM3+ - Broadcom BCM2837B0 1.2Ghz, Cortex-A53 (ARMv8) 64-bit SoC on DDR2 SODIMM mechanically compatible only factor - IO board required 
     1Gb DDR2 and 8GB, 16GB, 32GB or a Lite variant without eMMC 
2021 Pi zero 2 (w or no W) RP3A0 quad 1GHz Cortex-A53 64bit BCM2710A1 512mB SDRam 
2025 edaTEC CM0 ED-CM0NANA with additional dev board with quad 1Ghz A53 with 512Mb Raysan RAM, 2 USB2 and 10/100 ethernet - pico castellated edge
 

2019 Pi 4 Model B v1.1 RPI4B - BCM2711B0T quad 64bit A72 1.5GHz, 4K VideoCore VI, AC wifi, Bluetooth 5.0, GbE Broadcom BCM54213PE (PHY ID 0x600d84a2), 2 micro hdmi decode up to 4K, USB-C 5.1V 3A power, 2xVLI VL805 USB 3, 2xUSB 2.0, 2GB 9LDWW D9WHZ or 4GB 9FDWW D9WHV, 8GB 0AA47 D9ZCL ddr4 ram 
2020 Silent Pi 4 v1.2 upgrade with more USB-c psu support 
2020 PI400 BCM2711C0T 1.8GHz 4Gb DDR4 inside keyboard, 5.1V 5A 27W usb-c psu, 2 micro hdmi, external ide style 40pin gpio, no audio port - 
2020 Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4 BCM2711B0T on new 55mm x 40mm 2x100 pin form factor with extra breakout IO board 
     CM4101000 1Gb RAM Lite SOM 
     CM4102000 2GB RAM Lite 
     CM4104000 4GB RAM Lite 
     CM4004008-4GB-RAM 8GB-EMMC SOM System on Modules 
     CM4104032 4GB RAM 32GB emmc 
     CM4108000 8GB RAM Lite 
     CM4008016 8GB RAM 16Gb eMMc
2021 Raspberry Pi SC0763 Compute Module 4S CM4S with ddr2 sodimm pinouts but not electrically the same with suitable IO board extra cost - 
     CM4S01000 1GB RAM Lite
     CM4S01008 1GB RAM 8GB eMMC Flash
     CM4S02000 2GB RAM Lite
     CM4S04000 4GB RAM Lite
     CM4S04016 4GB RAM 16Gb KLMAG1JETD-B041 
     CM4S08000 8GB RAM Lite 
2021 Pi 4 v1.4 BCM2711B1 upgraded power regulator, to deal with 8gig of ram being more power hungry 
2021-48 Raspberry Pi 4 model B v1.5 2GB 


2023 Pi 5 v1.0 BCM2712 Quad A76 @2.4Ghz - VideoCore VII - no audio socket - dual 4k from mini hdmi - fan connector - 5.1V 5A psu 
2024 Pi 5 2GB DDR4 version uses BCM2712D0 
2024 Pi-500 with 8Gb LPDDR5 and membrane keyboard 
2024 Pi 5 v1.1 
2024 Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5 CM5 BCM2712 55mm x 40mm form factor with additional IO board 
     CM5004000 04GB RAM 0GB eMMC Lite
     CM5008000 08GB RAM 0GB eMMC Lite
     CM5016000 16GB RAM 0GB eMMC Lite
2025 Pi-500+ with 256GB NVMe storage, 16GB LPDDR4 RAM, and Gateron KS-33 Low Profile Blue mechanical keyboard switches 
2025 Pi5 1GB DDR4 announced 


2022 PiOS linux goes 64bit 
2024 Pi Trading IPO stockmarket stock exchange listing 


2026 April and May Aros 64bit fixed, added AHI audio, VC4 gfx started, usb functions added to rom  
2026 June and July Aros 64bit usb2otg started, dma.resource, sdio.resource, bwfm.device wifi added 
2026 Late July daily 64bit Pi3 LE little endian builds start 
2026 August Pi 4, 400, 5 and 500 DTBs added, expanding existing support and wifi for Pi4 and Pi5 
2026 August Pi5 HAT+ nvme and HDMI, AHI RPiI2S added, Pi4 HVS5 video scaler started, 
2026 
2027 


2028 Pi 6 
&lt;/pre&gt;


The vcgencmd can be used to inspect and dump the current system configuration. 
vcgencmd runs on top of VCHIQ as an RPC. The mailbox interface is an alternate but much simpler RPC. 
VCHIQ is a bridge (queue) between the CPU and the GPU so they can communicate with the firmware. 

Loads of [https://github.com/6by9/rpi3-gpiovirtbuf/blob/master/rpi3-gpiovirtbuf.c mailbox] which uses the GPIO control calls. [https://github.com/raspberrypi/firmware/wiki/Mailboxes may also be of interest] 

A fair number of vcgencmd examples (search for vc_vchi_gencmd_init). [https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?t=229203#p1406112 sends the relevant vcgencmd commands] to update the scaling kernel, but the [https://github.com/raspberrypi/userland/blob/master/host_applications/linux/apps/gencmd/gencmd.c command] is just a text string. Parsing and execution of the instructions is performed by the VideoCore firmware. 

The Raspberry Pi runs two separate operating systems: Linux/Aros on the ARM, and a threedx RTOS called vcos running on the Videocore 4 VPU: vcos is commonly called &quot;the firmware&quot;. Vcos is tasked with performing certain system services, for example running the display and audio outputs. The VCHI driver provides an interface to allow drivers to talk to vcos. 


Doubtful, on any [https://www.web3d.org/ Web3d] [https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/WebGL_API WebGL] or [https://github.com/immersive-web/webxr WebXR] [https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/WebXR_Device_API Device API] [https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/XRInputSource XRInputSource] support. Hopefully, never/limited support features like location, peer-to-peer, invasive web apps, unwarranted storage, payments, proprietary video streaming etc 

*spreadsheet [https://git.sheetjs.com/sheetjs/sheetjs sheetjs] [https://github.com/mleibman/SlickGrid SlickGrid javascript] [https://github.com/6pac/SlickGrid SlickGrid typescript] [https://github.com/jspreadsheet/ce jspreadsheet ce] probably without xlsx support 
*presentations [https://github.com/impress/impress.js/ impress.js simplified] [https://github.com/bwlewis/slides slides] [https://zenomt.github.io/mdslides/ github markdown slides] [https://github.com/Patternslib/slides Patternslib slides markdown] probably without pptx support 
*ai office [https://github.com/dream-num/univer/ univer], [https://github.com/dream-num/Luckysheet Luckysheet] [https://github.com/ruilisi/fortune-sheet fortune-sheet] 
*weather [https://github.com/Himanshu3412/Weather-Forecast Weather Forecast], [https://github.com/kaushalsahu07/weather weather needs API key], 


==Future==


[https://github.com/ARMSX2/ARMSX2 Arm pi of pcsx2], [https://github.com/Joshua-Riek/armbian-build Linux Armbian builds for old mobile devices], [], 


[https://tube.cadence.moe/ Cloudtube], [https://github.com/TeamPiped/documentation/blob/main/content/docs/public-instances/index.md TeamPiped], [], [], [], 

[https://hyperpipe.codeberg.page/ hyperpipe], [https://ytify.pp.ua/ ytify], [], [], 

[ ytdl], [https://github.com/golddominik893/liberatube liberatube]

[https://git.lolcat.ca/lolcat/4get 4get], [https://github.com/hnhx/librex librex], [], [], 


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[[#Native]]

[[#Hosted]]

[[#Build]]

[[#Hardware]]

[[#References]]

[[#Future]]


==Introduction==


[[File:Wanderer00.png|thumb|Wanderer on Aros Pi3b]]

[[File:Scalos00.png|thumb|Scalos on Aros Pi3b]]

[[File:DOpus5Magellan00.png|thumb|DOpus5 Magellan on Aros Pi3b]]


Aros aims to cover Pi 3 to 5 512Mb+ RAM 


Options to boot from using a good power source to prevent the yellow lightning symbol. 
*With Pi3b+ the max you can get is 5.1V 2.5A with micro usb.
*With Pi4 5.1V 3A with usb-c 
*With Pi5 5.1V 5A, the amps went ever upwards, even to 5.1V 9A with usb-c 


* Pi500+ keyboard wedge - working but not much tested esp [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commit/48e9c8edcca4b5c1e1fe0b1123f2129f624af67b power button] 
* Pi500 wedge with up to date bootloader via PiOS - working but not much testing esp [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commit/48e9c8edcca4b5c1e1fe0b1123f2129f624af67b power button] 
* Pi 5  - Quad A76 64bit ARMv8 and RP1 &quot;southbridge&quot; with VideoCore 7 D0 (rev1.1) - untested 
* Pi 5  - Quad A76 64bit ARMv8 and RP1 &quot;southbridge&quot; with VideoCore 7 Pre-D0 C1 (Rev1.0) - untested 
* Pi400 RPI-400 keyboard wedge - resolution changing and audio from micro hdmi0 (near 40pin) and micro hdmi1 (near usb-c psu) - Fn F10 0x5e power on and off works or held down for over 7 seconds auto shutdown - keyboard ok - wifi and lan ethernet testing - 
* Pi 4  - Quad A72 64bit ARMv8 with VideoCore 6 
* Pi 3  - Quad A53 [https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/computers/processors.html 64 bit] ARMv8 with VideoCore 4 with '''fan''' to prevent overheating cpu 82C+ throttling 
* Pi02W - Quad A53 64bit - boots but [https://forums.raspberrypi.com/viewtopic.php?p=2387984#p2387984 usb not working but did in the past], 


* Pi 2 - Quad 32bit ARMv6 with VideoCore 4 - mostly not 64bit compatible 
* Pi Model B+ 32bit ARMv6 with VideoCore 4 - not 64bit compatible 
* Pi Model A and B 32bit ARMv6 with VideoCore 4 - not 64bit compatible 


===Native===

* 2013-03 Kalamatee starts work
* 2015-04 Work continues with mschulz on the kernel and Kalamatee (NicJA) on gpio and usb
* 2018 [https://www.patreon.com/posts/i-owe-you-some-20956961 mschulz resume adding BE big endian support], [https://www.patreon.com/michal_schulz/posts Big endian on Pi]  
* 2026 [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commits?author=bsek latest commits for pi 3b, 4 and 5 64bit] 
* 2026 [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commits?author=metaneutrons latest commits for Pi5]
* 2026 [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commits?author=bitplane latest commits for ARM]


====64bit====

'''Download''' A [https://archive.org/details/piAROS Pi Distribution (Distro) has started] and the contents copied to fat32 8GB+ microSD card (there will be drawers/folders - boot c Classes Demos Developer Devs Extras etc only showing). The SD can be plugged in to the Pi. And power on. [https://pi.amiga.icu/ Repository]

'''Not recommended''' but [https://aros.sourceforge.io/nightly1.html RaspberryPi 3, 3+, 4 and 5 64bit ArmV8 nightly builds] [https://sourceforge.net/projects/aros/files/ and alternative site and nightly2] which is a test version of '''very few''' apps with both raspi-aarch64-system and raspi-aarch64-contrib can be unbz2'd to a SD or SSD as appropriate. 

64bit build works well on a single core LE little endian. [https://aros.sourceforge.io/nightly1.html raspi-aarch64-smp-system multicore is available] [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commit/1df0747c2bda3523a43029725a709b1f377d84ec]. Any issues booting could be down to the SD card so please use another SD to see if it is resolved. Remember Aros Arm uses FAT32 and Aros can detect issues with this format very acutely (once fault found, FAT 0x0FFFFFF7 bad cluster so no files written after that, no repair). Please report your experiences in the [https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=2138&amp;pid=15057#post_15057 Aros forum thread], [https://forums.raspberrypi.com/viewforum.php?f=179 Raspberry Pi Aros Dev and User forums], [https://forums.raspberrypi.com/viewtopic.php?p=2387984#p2387984 previous Raspberry Pi forum thread]. Any bugs or issues can be [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/issues described here to fix] 


*Pi500+   untested usb3 booting or nvme ssd 
*Pi500    untested usb3 booting 
*Pi5      untested usb3 booting 
*Pi400    boots with '''USB3''' port based sata3 ssd 
*Pi4      untested (may need eeprom update from PiOS or Pi SD Imager) 
*Pi 3 B+  is pre-configured for USB sata3 boot - untested 
*Pi 3 B   may need [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ubnwvxF3Klc PiOS to set OTP to boot from usb - do so at your own risk] - if OTP set to usb, boot works but slower than SD card 

Speed write wise (top faster) 
&lt;pre&gt;
*NVME Pi5 untested    &gt;1000MB/sec  or faster if matched correctly 
*Sata3 ssd              500MB/sec
*SD        V90           90MB/sec  4K maybe 8K 
*SD        V60           60MB/sec  1080p 
*SD     U3 V30           30MB/sec  720p 
*SD C10 U1 V10 A1 A2     10MB/sec  minimum should be used now 
*SD C06                   6MB/sec  
*SD C04                   4MB/sec 
&lt;/pre&gt;


As a homage to the past, Aros shows a reduced number of icons but this can be changed by left mouse click in the window and then right click down to Window -&gt; View -&gt; All files

Windows can be manipulated by the top (moving) and the bottom right corner (resizing) only. 

Zune like MUI gui interface, has a unique quirk in that after changing a setting in a text box, you may sometimes need to press Enter/Return before clicking OK, Save, etc 


Double left mouse click on most picture (Developer/Debug/Tests/Datatypes), audio and video files are supported, via datatypes, by the multiview application. 
Esc escape key usually closes open windows even the desktop 

In Prefs/Appearance some decorative theming elements need work. There is a few Mason icons in /Prefs/Presets/Icons/Mason/ and the ever present default Gorilla - Icon exchange in works 

For more intensive graphics applications, you may need to edit config.txt in the root folder and change 128M to 256M to adjust more memory to graphics usage 

If your cursor should '''appear''' to vanish, fear not it is still there. Please head to the top of the screen i.e. the title bar, hold down the left click mouse and drag the screen down a little and the cursor will appear again. Then you can drag the screen up again. 


Like most amiga like OSs the audio and networking need to be setup manually 

Audio AHI prefs - Mode settings tab - needs both Music unit and Unit 0 set to RPiHDMI:16 bit stereo++  or RPiPWM:16 bit stereo++ at 44100Hz. Press '''Save or Use''' button after each choice 


For wireless, please use the Wifi prefs and already selected device bwfm.device. Press Scan and double right click on the router and enter password. You may need to setup after every power off
*if asking for password again - press cancel and go to Network Prefs, Wireless Networks tab and highlight the router line and hit the remove button and press the cancel button. Retry with Wifi prefs again 
*...waiting for an address - Disconnect and try Connect 
Until, Connected to &lt;router&gt; - 192.168.x.x 


For lan ethernet port, please use Network prefs and the following hardware is 
*lan9514    Pi3b Pi2 not supported at the moment 
*lan7515    Pi3b+ type into Device  usblan78xx.device as net0:  remove other device(s) 
*bcmgenet   Pi4 Pi400 choose for Device bcmgenet.device 
*cdnsgem    Pi5 Pi500 Pi500+ RP1 i/o for cadencegem 
 (network prefs may forget random information when rebooted) 


Summary
&lt;pre&gt;
̽*Pi3a̹+   wifi works, 
*Pi3b    ethernet not supported, usb ethernet not working but wifi prefs setup works 
*Pi3b+   wifi working and ethernet works 
*Pi4     untested 
*Pi400   wifi and ethernet untested 
*Pi5     wifi and ethernet untested
*Pi500   wifi and ethernet untested
*Pi500+  wifi works 
&lt;/pre&gt;


Type in 'aarch64' in the [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=search&amp;tool=simple search box] and you will see available software packages / apps. apkg can be used to inspect and install applications. 

[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=network/browser amelinium web browser] (JS 1.6 ES9 ECMASCript 2018) is available with an [https://eab.abime.net/showthread.php?t=122494&amp;page=88 eab thread] reminiscent of [https://github.com/zapek/Voyager Voyager] and to a lesser extent [https://github.com/amigazen/aweb3/ Aweb] JavaScript 1.5 (ECMAScript 3) as css and javascript websites can be slow to load or resolve (no JIT). 

Press Cancel at screenmode selector or -wb argument to get windowed version. You could use the Shift + Del shortcut or mouse wheel should work to delete all text at once. Html5test gives 189 (1.29), 300 (1.31), 301 (1.39), 316 (1.59) out of 555. 

You may have to delete the cache (Menu -&gt; Page -&gt; Delete cache) to fully retest big Amelinium updates or free up space. 
Be aware [https://pianetaamiga.it/en/reportage-pianeta-amiga-2026/ some site pages] can use up hundreds of MBs of cache very quickly 

 DNS lookup failed...  close browser and reboot and setup wifi again - repeat until it works again 

 youtube video and audio - js button for javascript must be on/shaded -  Settings -&gt; Soundoutput - AHI 
Any restriction to lower resolutions is due to [https://docs.invidious.io/faq/#q-where-are-the-360p480p1080p-quality-options bandwidth]. Either CPU/GPU, internet speed and/or video quality. Pi3 can expect up to 480p (wifi) and up to 720p (ethernet). Pi4 expect (wifi)  (ethernet). 

If no separate audio stream error - set settings -&gt; Video quality to 360p or lower as Youtube has a fallback mode at that level 

https://t.me/s/channel_name for Telegram public messages from [https://t.me/s/AROS_official AROS_official] [https://t.me/s/vamped_amiga vamped_amiga] [https://t.me/s/demoscenecracktros demoscenecracktros] 

*art local js apps like dpaint.js 


There is normally no Bluetooth support for most amiga like OSs but that has changed recently [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commit/6942cbfbf66426d21963a7fcd8aba6aff611a9e0 work in progress] [https://github.com/RPi-Distro/bluez-firmware/tree/pios/trixie/debian/firmware/broadcom firmware] 

*Bluetooth 4.1 BCM43430A1.hcd Pi3B, Pi3A, Zero 2W 
*Bluetooth 4.2 BCM4345C0.hcd  Pi3B+, Pi4 
*Bluetooth 5.0 BCM4345C5.hcd  Pi4B rev, CM4 and maybe Pi5 and CM5 

&lt;pre&gt;
*bthid    keyboard mouse support 
*btserial serial 
*btpan    short range wireless connecting devices 
&lt;/pre&gt;


Only the Pi5 has a RTC real time clock, the other Pis will need to use ntp services [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commit/29cd4116330dc7f692d90757eacc59fb3f31ae70 sntp] with time.cloudflare.com pool.ntp.org or Cloudflare 162.159.200.1, 162.159.200.123, 2606:4700:f1::1, 2606:4700:f1::123 or [https://github.com/bohunamiga/PiNTP PiNTP -s goodtime.ijs.si or ntp1.ptb.de] to get the date and time from the internet. Can use date in a shell e.g.  date 24-Dec-2026 23:59:59  but this will need to be done again after every reset/power off. Maybe hardware [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commit/28674a157bc56175aa668e7b62dca6fa740578dc ds3231 rtc with dtoverlay=i2c-rtc,ds3231 in config.txt] 


It helps to have all usb devices already plugged in before power on to detect at the moment. Even then some usb devices will freeze the mouse cursor and the only resolution is to remove the offending usb device and reinsert. Sometimes, the reinsert leads to the mouse cursor vanishing, it is still there and responds to left mouse clicks, top of the screen and pull down the screen. 

USB classes support from Prefs/Trident is still work in process 
*usbaudio working on usb3 port (blue) on pi4, 400 but not working (no rt isochronous) on usb2otg (white or black) for pi3b, zero 2w 
*[https://aminet.net/package/mus/midi/camd camdusbmidi] detects midi devices without a preferences file (Prefs/Env-Archive/sys/midi.prefs) as [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RBxHkwy4Nrw auto setup now] possibly with [https://github.com/metaneutrons/mt32-pi metaneutrons mt32-pi] [https://github.com/rtzor/mt32-pi mt32-pi fork] [https://github.com/ahmadexp/mt32-pi fork] [https://github.com/gmcn42/mt32-pi-control control of] [https://github.com/dwhinham/mt32-pi mt32-pi pi3+]. Alternative of [https://homspace.nl/samplerbox/ SamplerBox]. 

Will need developer clang gcc tools to look at 64bit ports of [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=driver/audio/usbmidi.i386-aros.lha usbmidi], [https://aminet.net/package/mus/midi/CAMD_Toolkit CAMD_Toolkit], [https://aminet.net/package/mus/midi/camdtools camdtools], [https://github.com/cnvogelg/amiditools amiditools], [https://github.com/timoinutilis/midi-sequencer-amigaos horny src], [https://aminet.net/package/mus/midi/horny-base horny-base], [http://bnp.hansfaust.de/index.html BnP], [https://arosarchives.os4depot.net/?function=showfile&amp;file=audio/misc/timidity.lha timidity], 


Regarding 680x0 emulation, there are several options that could be considered but most not fully implemented 
*[https://github.com/kaffeine1/kaffeine kaffeine m68k with Amiga system OS fɹiendly calls going to Aros ones] 
*[https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/blob/6722a0ae9e03fe5d26e32703360bd2059e0864cc/rom/m68kemu/README.md?plain=1#L424 m68kemu.library] for some Amiga productivity where the cpu is emulated and the system calls are redirected to Aros ones
*[https://github.com/BlitterStudio/amiberry amiberry] (winuae) for everything else like games 

*[https://github.com/jonx/AROS/tree/aarch64-darwin-graft/arch/all-darwin/libs/emu68k emu68k] 
*[https://scriptedamigaemulator.net/ Scripted Amiga] with [https://github.com/naTmeg/ScriptedAmigaEmulator ScriptedAmigaEmulator] or older [https://github.com/gbraad-amiga/ScriptedAmigaEmulator2 ScriptedAmigaEmulator2] 


[https://pinout.xyz/ GPIO 40 pins] [https://learn.sparkfun.com/tutorials/raspberry-gpio/gpio-pinout pinout] 

Some exceptions:

*Physical pins 27, 28 (GPIO0, 1) are an internal I2C bus and should not be used
*The other I2C on pins 3, 5 (GPIO 2, 3) can be used generally, but be aware they have permanent pull-up resistors to 3.3V
*For MIDI use USB but there are dedicated UART pins 8, 10 (GPIO 14, 15).

With a HAT it's more awkward -- you need to know which pins are used by the HAT and avoid them. Hopefully this will be documented.

Remember all GPIOs are 3.3V (not 5V tolerant), floating/noisy inputs can cause odd behavior, and that shorting the power supplies can cause instant death of the Pi.

In the shell (Cntrl + C to end) 

 GPIO PIN/A/N,SET/N,GET/S,MODE/K,PULL/K

Controls and queries hardware GPIO pins via gpio.resource which is stored in the rom or Devs/ '''please test''' 

*PIN   -- (Required) Target GPIO pin number (e.g. 12).
*SET   -- Set pin output value to 0 (LOW) or 1 (HIGH).
*GET   -- Read and print current digital input level (0 or 1).
*MODE  -- Configure pin mode: IN (Input), OUT (Output), ALT (Alternate).
*PULL  -- Configure pull resistor: NONE, UP, DOWN.

EXAMPLES
&lt;pre&gt;
GPIO 12 MODE OUT
GPIO 12 SET 1
GPIO 12 GET
GPIO 13 PULL UP
&lt;/pre&gt;


[https://gpiozero.readthedocs.io/en/stable/installing.html Current] [https://gpiozero.readthedocs.io/en/v1.2.0/api_boards.html old support for gpiozero is unknown at present] [https://energenie4u.co.uk/res/pdfs/ENER314%20UM.pdf and associated 433MHz equipment] [ USA X10 security and lights via USB] [ OpenHab with Shelly Smart Plug connected over Wi-Fi, controlled by MQTT or HTTP] 


Printing only with Postscript, GutenPrint and [https://github.com/bohunamiga/MintPRINT one] of [https://github.com/boingball/MintPRINT two] [https://github.com/Andiweli/AmiAirPrint/tree/main AirPrint] IPP has been attempted with [https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=2061&amp;pid=13954#post_13954 discussion] 


Youtube 

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8dZwGkUKAmA Pi3A̟+ (plus) with smp build and PiAROS], 

[], [], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X4fmWAIv7FE Aros native on Pi3b], 

[], [], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TSxlYb1eQWU Installed on Pi3b+], 

[], [], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NFF1H3jCoz8 testing Aros native on Pi400], 

[], [], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nIVx7mh1E1Q&amp;pp=ygUHYXJvcyBwadIHCQkTDAGHKiGM7w%3D%3D Aros on Thumb 2 based 32bit-ish ARM STM32H743 board], 

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nHt_k_QkHe0 AmiWest 2026 Day 1], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nA2fnaOt1Ik Amiwest 2026 Day 2],
 

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zQM4CD64xDE&amp;t=612s&amp;pp=ugUEEgJlbg%3D%3D Performance under Linux] but on Aros... 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Pi
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Single Core 2D
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Single Core 3D
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Single Core 3D
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |SMP 2D
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |SMP 3D
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |SMP 3D 
! width=&quot;35%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Pi--&gt;Pi3 
| &lt;!--Single Core 2D--&gt;
| &lt;!--Single Core 3D--&gt;
| &lt;!--Single Core 3D--&gt;
| &lt;!--SMP 2D--&gt;
| &lt;!--SMP 3D--&gt;
| &lt;!--SMP 3D--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


==== 32bit ====

For the Pi1 Pi2 Pi2B the status of AROS native ARMv6 for 32bit RasPi was OK. System booting, USB working (although with some issues but plans to fix them). 32bit native [http://www.aros.org/nightly1.html ARMv6 32bit nightlys] raspi-armhf-system raspi-armhf-contrib unbz2'd to fat32 microSD 


===Hosted===


AArch64 CPU backend for AROS, a Cocoa/Metal display, clipboard / host-volume / CoreAudio / BSD-sockets bridges, GPU 2D via gpufx.library, a 68k→AArch64 JIT (run68k), and a full Rust std port. On [https://www.jkn.me/blog/macaros-aros-on-apple-silicon/ latest Apple Silicon Macs] [https://github.com/jonx/Macaros early alpha version of hosted Aros .dmg on MacOS12+]. Please use [https://github.com/jonx/Macaros/issues MACAros github] for issues, features etc and possibly [https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=2030&amp;pid=13910#post_13910 here] with [https://github.com/pomaros pomaros]. There is a [https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=2076&amp;highlight=jonx&amp;pid=14193#post_14193 work in progress native Mac Apple silicon M1 M2 M3 version] 


[http://www.aros.org/snapshots1.html old linux and android hosted 32bit] 


==== Hosted ====

=====64bit=====

[https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=2019&amp;rowstart=80&amp;pid=13667#post_13667 Ubuntu Linux PC hosted Pi compiler build] 

[https://github.com/BlitterStudio/aros-compiler-docker Docker based cross compiler for various Aros systems], 

[https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=2019&amp;rowstart=80 From the Aros Raspberry pi 3 64bit thread] 
Instructions on building 64-bit Raspberry Pi AROS and cross-compiler from sources.

You will need:
- Ubuntu 24.04 or 26.04
- qemu-system-aarch64 installed
- Internet connection
- rpi-scripts.tar.gz downloaded (https://axrt.org/download/aros/rpi/rpi-scripts.tar.gz)

1) Install prerequisites:

sudo apt install git gcc g++ make gawk bison flex bzip2 netpbm autoconf automake libc6-dev liblzo2-dev libpng-dev gcc-multilib byacc python3-mako cmake yasm curl nasm

2) Clone sources

cd &lt;project-directory&gt;
git clone https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS.git --recurse-submodules

3) Extract rpi-scripts.tar.gz. Copy all files into your project directory so that you have:

AROS (the directory with cloned sources)
fix-dotdot.py
rebuild.sh
recreate-sdcard.sh
run-qemu.sh
update-sdcard.sh

4) Run ./rebuild.sh. Select option 1) toolchain-core-aarch64

This will execute process of building a cross-compiler. During this process packages will be downloaded from Internet. This process can take up to 2 hours. If there are some missing dependencies, install them with 'sudo apt install' and restart this step.

5) Run ./rebuild.sh again. Select option 2) core-raspi-aarch64

This will build system files for 64-bit Raspberry Pi AROS. This process can take around an hour.

6) Run ./recreate-sdcard.sh

This will create an sdcard.img file with contents of previous step.

7) Run ./run-qemu.sh

This will start QEMU with SD card image and ROM images. It will boot into AROS.


=====32bit=====

Ubuntu VM approach to compiling [http://lallafa.de/blog/2013/06/building-aros-hosted-for-raspbian/ Linux hosted AROS June 04, 2013]

 ../AROS/configure --target=linux-armhf  --enable-includes=/usr/arm-linux-gnueabihf/include --x-includes=/usr/arm-linux-gnueabihf/include --x-libraries=/usr/arm-linux-gnueabihf/lib

arm-elf- is symbol-linked to arm-linux-gnueabi- (arm-linux-gnueabi- is more correct in this case, because it's going to be compiling the ARM AROSBootstrap for ARM Linux)

*armel - many of the &quot;android&quot; machines require since the entire OS is made for soft float VFP. 
*armfp - Efika MX target, Raspberry PI, EfikaMX, Pandora and virtually everything (VFP)

Keep in mind it's possible to start hardfp AROS hosted on softfp system, though, as long as no calls between AROS and host require floating point parameters. NOTE: hardfloat objects *cannot* be linked with softfloat objects - they have a different ABI.

Just keep in mind the arm nightly build machine is quite complex beast. It needs the x86_64 host compiler to compile AROS tools. The arm version is built every night using gcc-4.6.2 crosscompiler (built together with AROS) and successfully builds armel and armhf linux hosted targets.

*needs an AROS code compiler for ARM target 
*as well as unix compiler for ARM linux host (would be best to have both softfp and armhf, we have softfp only now) with full set of libraries and includes.

with—disable-crosstools  $AROS_CC  is always a wrapper around $KERNEL_CC  ?  If  so,  this  is  wrong for some ports. This can break Darwin, Windows and Android port. 
Yes,  Android  port  will  build.  And  even  work. But it's not good because  the  port  will  not  be ABI-compatible with other ARM ports. Android's ABI is different from GNUEABI. For example:

&lt;pre&gt;
enum test {foo, bar};
enum test testvar;
&lt;/pre&gt;

sizeof(testvar)  will  be  equal  to sizeof(int) in GNUEABI (Linux and AROS)  and  sizeof(short)  on  Android. This affects linking objects from static linklibs, for example.

Previously everything worked because $AROS_CC was a wrapper on top of $HOST_CC. And a real crosscompiler was used on non-ELF hosts.

Android is the same. $KERNEL_CC is incompatible with AROS.

compiler=kernel  is  appropriate _ONLY FOR CODE WHICH RUNS ON HOST OS_ (or  barebone  hardware,  if  we  talk  about  native).  This includes bootstraps,  their  linklibs, and host-side dynamic libraries (Windows makes extensive use of them because of architectural considerations.

No single AROS object should be compiled with this setting. $KERNEL_CC is really compatible with AROS *ONLY IN LINUX-HOSTED* and no more. On other systems (Darwin, Windows,  Android) this is not true any more, and compiler=kernel is never going to work.

If  you  want  to  compile your AROS module against host OS includes, append  the  following  to  USER_INCLUDES  (or  USER_CFLAGS,  this  is effectively the same):

 -isystem $(GENINCDIR) $(KERNEL_INCLUDES)

$(KERNEL_INCLUDES) expands to:

 -isystem  &lt;your_os_includes&gt;  -isystem  &lt;host_OS_gcc_private_includes&gt;
 -nostdinc

This makes AROS compiler adhering to host OS APIs.

If you want some preprocessor symbols based on what your host OS actually is, add something like -DHOST_OS_$(AROS_HOST_ARCH).

Why is there $(GENINCDIR) at all? Because host OS has its own libc includes, which would conflict with AROS ones. And the host OS libc is not binary-compatible with AROS one.

Why doesn't Windows-hosted port use $(KERNEL_INCLUDES) ? Because WinAPI includes conflict with AROS ones in fundamental typedefs, like WORD, BYTE and BOOL. It's almost impossible to deal with this in any other way than rewriting WinAPI definitions using AROS types.

Building under centos 6.3 (i386) currently, and AROS creates the toolchain itself. haven't yet committed the necessary changes but &quot;./configure --target=raspi-armhf&quot; is enough to start, then &quot;make arosboot-raspi&quot; will generate arosraspi.img (containing the bootstrap, kernel.resource, and exec.library) as well as arosraspi.rom (containing all the other essentials components such as dos, graphics etc).  It will also copy over a config.txt file to make the raspi bootstrap code load the correct kernel, and a cmdline.txt that enables exec debug output.

*armel = typically Debian 6, Ubuntu Maverick, Android, 
*armhf = typically Debian 7, Debian 8, Ubuntu Precise,

Cross-compiling Ubuntu ARM softfp 
&lt;pre&gt;
    sudo sh
    echo 'foreign-architecture armel' &gt;&gt;/etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg.d/multiarch
    echo 'deb [arch=armel] http://ports.ubuntu.com/ precise main universe' &gt;/etc/apt/sources.list.d/armel.list
    apt-get update
    apt-get install gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi libx11-dev:armel libsdl-dev:armel
&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;
 ./configure --target=linux-arm --x-includes=/usr/include \
             --enable-includes=/usr/arm-linux-gnueabi/include
&lt;/pre&gt;

Cross-compiling Ubuntu ARM hard-float 
&lt;pre&gt;
    sudo sh
    echo 'foreign-architecture armhf' &gt;&gt;/etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg.d/multiarch
    echo 'deb [arch=armhf] http://ports.ubuntu.com/ precise main universe' &gt;/etc/apt/sources.list.d/armhf.list
    apt-get update
    apt-get install gcc-arm-linux-gnueabihf libx11-dev:armhf libsdl-dev:armhf
&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;
    ./configure --target=linux-armhf --x-includes=/usr/include \
                --enable-includes=/usr/arm-linux-gnueabihf/include
&lt;/pre&gt;

Now, the AROS build is configured properly and all you need to do is:

 make


==Build==

===64bit===

[https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/blob/7016ce28bfdb754182edb16011c98faaf5413c29/arch/aarch64-raspi/boot/mmakefile.src#L180 boot makefile] 


===32bit===


# download/checkout the source someplace, e.g. /build/AROS-Src/
# make a directory to store external sources AROS downloads, e.g. /build/Ports
# make a build directory, e.g. /build/aros-raspi-armhf
# cd into the build dir, configure, and then run make -:

&lt;pre&gt;
&gt;cd /build/aros-raspi-armhf
&gt;/build/AROS-Src/configure --target=raspberrypi-armhf --with-serial-debug --enable-ccache --with-portssources=/build/Ports
&gt;make
&gt;make arosboot-raspi
&lt;/pre&gt;

then copy the files from /build/aros-raspi-armhf/bin/raspi-armhf/AROS/ onto an sdcard, and download/copy the Raspi firmware files onto it.

You should then be able to boot the sdcard on your RasPi.

The current W.I.P tree to svn. it can be built as follows ..
&lt;pre&gt;
./configure --target=raspi-armhf
make arosboot-raspi
&lt;/pre&gt;

That will generate arosraspi.img, arosraspi.rom and config.txt in bin/raspi-arm/AROS - so either copy just those files to a fat formatted SD card (with the firmware files on), or copy the whole contents of the AROS folder.

NB - if you have a Linux/other install, backup the existing config.txt first

arosraspi.img contains the bootstrap (which has very basic mailbox code, framebuffer/gpio init, and console &quot;emulation&quot; via code pinched from our libbootconsole), kernel.resource, and exec.library

arosraspi.rom contains all the other components needed to boot AROS.

The config.txt file will tell the RasPI bootstrap to load the arosraspi kernel and ramdisk (rom).

the bootstrap has minimal mailbox code, planning on adding either a resource or library that driver/app code will use to access it (likewise for GPIO)


Help building AROS hosted on Linux ARM

Was looking a way to use more my Handheld ARM based called Pyra (Dragonbox Pyra) an ARM (Omap5 cpu with 4GB ram) linux based machine (Debian Buster v10 with kernel 5.6.19 adapted) and have a try to compile the latest Aros sources by Deadwood directly on this device.
Compilation stops after build libpopupmenu.a and trying to build libatomic have this error:

&lt;pre&gt;
    Configuring build in bin/linux-arm/gen/host/tools/crosstools/gnu/gcc/arm-aros/libatomic
    configure: WARNING: unrecognized options: --disable-nls, --without-x
    checking for --enable-version-specific-runtime-libs... no
    checking for --enable-generated-files-in-srcdir... no
    checking build system type... arm-unknown-linux-gnu
    checking host system type... arm-unknown-aros
    checking target system type... arm-unknown-aros
    checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c
    checking whether build environment is sane... yes
    checking for arm-aros-strip... /media/farox/pyra2/arosbuilds/toolchain-core-armhf/arm-aros-strip
    checking for a thread-safe mkdir -p... /usr/bin/mkdir -p
    checking for gawk... no
    checking for mawk... mawk
    checking whether make sets $(MAKE)... yes
    checking whether make supports nested variables... yes
    checking for arm-aros-gcc... /media/farox/pyra2/arosbuilds/toolchain-core-armhf/arm-aros-gcc
    checking whether the C compiler works... no
    configure: error: in /media/farox/pyra2/arosbuilds/toolchain-core-armhf-build/bin/linux-arm/gen/host/tools/crosstools/gnu/gcc/arm-aros/libatomic':
    configure: error: C compiler cannot create executables
    See config.log' for more details
    make[2]: *** [mmakefile:4489: /media/farox/pyra2/arosbuilds/toolchain-core-armhf-build/bin/linux-arm/gen/host/tools/crosstools/gnu/gcc/arm-aros/libatomic/.configured] Error 77
    [MMAKE] make --no-print-directory TOP=/media/farox/pyra2/arosbuilds/toolchain-core-armhf-build SRCDIR=/media/farox/pyra2/arosbuilds/AROS CURDIR=tools/crosstools/gnu TARGET=tools-crosstools-gcc-libatomic-configure -s --file=mmakefile tools-crosstools-gcc-libatomic-configure failed: 512
    [MMAKE] Error: Error while running make in tools/crosstools/gnu: No such file or directory
    make[1]: *** [Makefile:361: linklibs-libatomic] Error 10
    make: *** [Makefile:183: crosstools] Error 2
&lt;/pre&gt;


looking at config.log on arosbuilds/toolchain-core-armhf-build/bin/linux-arm/gen/host/tools/crosstools/gnu/gcc/arm-aros/libatomic

found that arosbuilds/toolchain-core-armhf/arm-aros-ld: cannot find -laeabi
so do make linklibs-aeabi-arm-quick
and the missing lib was built.

now the next stop is at
fatal error: bits/libc-header-start.h: No such file or directory
and
fatal error: sys/cdefs.h: No such file or directory
in many places so after checking that have this missing include files i have noted that my include path is a bit different, standard searching path is /usr/arm-linux-gnueabihf but in my system is /usr/include/arm-linux-gnueabihf
so if i add my path to some mmakefiles compilation goes on....but is a better way to add this path to avoid every mmakefiles to be changed?

fixed with adding
-I/usr/include/arm-linux-gnueabihf
to where is missing on mmakefiles like
USER_INCLUDES := -isystem $(GENINCDIR) -I/usr/include/arm-linux-gnueabihf $(KERNEL_INCLUDES)

P.s. I have changed many mmakefiles and have at least compiled (after many hours) the toolchain doing make every time in arosbuilds/toolchain-core-armhf-build (also have to disable making tests under cplusplus but don't remember the directory ...) but ask an help to have an automated way to correctly build without modify mmakefiles.


Last time built armhf target was around 2 years ago. At that point built is via cross-compilation from linux (ubuntu 22.04) using linux armhf crosscompiler (this can explain the path differences you are experiencing) as well as using AROS gcc cross-compiler in version 6.5.0 (build with option 21) in rebuild.sh). Since then AROS GCC has been updated to 10.5.0 and don't believe anyone tried to build the armhf target again.

My suggestion would be to downgrade GCC to 6.5.0 (via editing AROS/config/gcc_def file) and try to first build using cross-compilation from x86_64 linux. Once that works, you will have a &quot;template&quot; to compare to native compilation under arm linux.


Thanks for your suggestion...but think the toolchain with GCC 10.5.0 is compilable if i found a way to pass the path of my system to the script that build (option 21 on rebuild).
The other only changes are (but don't know where to modify...) is to add the build of libaeabi and disable the building of some tests under cplusplus that use exceptions and is not supported under ARM. try to crosscompile with my Linux amd64 PC.

For paths look into core-linux-armhf/bin/linux-armhf/gen/config/target.cfg. A number of build-wide variable is set there containing paths to local build system. These variables and the target.cfg file are generated by AROS ./configure script.

Thanks compilation now go forward...changed target.cfg under &quot;toolchain-core-armhf-build/bin/linux-arm/gen/config&quot; and do make on &quot;toolchain-core-armhf-build&quot; dir.

Need to find where to enable build libaeabi.a so can build the entire toolchain with option 21 of rebuild.sh


Found something that looks like libeabi in AROS/arm-all/arm-aeabi/mmakefile.src. Try adding a third line there:

#MM- linklibs-armhd : libklibs-aeabi-arm

Don't remember needing this library. Possibly the 6.5.0 GCC somehow does this while 10.5.0 is missing this.

Try adding this line (and the variant &quot;linklibs-armhf&quot; instead of hd) but it did not solve the automatic building of the missing lib. I must do &quot;linklibs-aeabi-arm-quick&quot;.
Anyway after have build the aeabi lib i succefully built the toolchain (after many hours...). Smile

To test I restarted from selecting option 21 (on rebuild.sh) but after many hours i get the same error of the kernel includes not found...maybe i need to modify the configure script for my case.

With the toolchain built i try to build the core-linux-armhf (DEBUG) (option 22) but after a while it stopped with
&quot;cannot find -laeabi &quot; so i made it built manually...and now i can continue compiling...i'll let you know if all goes ok.


== Hardware ==

===64bit===


====BCM2712====

With the Pi5 

Broadcom VideoCore 7 vc7 is an integrated GPU with 12 cores and up to 800 MHz clock. VideoCore VII is capable of OpenGL ES 3.1 and Vulkan 1.2. The driver support for the Raspberry Pi continues to build upon the [https://lore.kernel.org/dri-devel/20230928114532.167854-1-itoral@igalia.com/ open-source V3D driver] stack within [https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/mesa/mesa/-/merge_requests/25450 Mesa] hopefully be merged for Mesa 23.3. x265 HEVC accelerated untested, x264/h.264 and VP9 cpu only. 

*Raspberry Pi M.2 HAT+ Expansion Board 
*Geekworm X1001 PCIe to M.2 Key-M NVMe
*Geekworm X1003 PCIe to M.2 HAT NVMe SSD PIP Board for Raspberry Pi 5 
*Pineboards Pi Hut HatDrive! M.2 HAT 2024/V4 
*Hat+ Gen2 Gen3 Nvme
*GeeekPi 52Pi N04 for Raspberry Pi 5 NVME M.2
*


*2024 RPI AI HAT    - Hailo  20TOPs  no LLMs 
*2026 RPI AI HAT+ 2 - Hailo  40TOPs  slightly better? 


[https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/accessories/camera.html Cameras for Pi]
*Raspberry Pi camera module, the V3 with Sony IMX708 back-illuminated CMOS 12 Megapixel sensor
*Raspberry Pi Camera Module V2 – 8MP Sony IMX219 Sensor
*Raspberry Pi camera Rev 1.3, 5MP 1080P OV5647 image/video module, 2592 x 1944 pixels

H.265 / HEVC decoder is a HEVCv2 Main 4:4:4 10 design supporting bitstreams up to profile 5.1
HEVC hardware decode supports 4kp60, 10-bit. Audio output is pretty much unchanged, but the HDMI audio channels now support 8x192kHz bitrates 


====BCM2711====

With the Pi4 an ARM a72 cpu is about x3 times the size of an a53 in the Pi3 

the 2711b line used more power when idle, compared to the 2711c 

*2018 Raspberry Pi PoE HAT Power Over Ethernet Hat - design issues 
*2020 Raspberry Pi PoE+ HAT Power Over Ethernet Hat Pi3b+ Pi4 only - better design 
*Waveshare PoE HAT (B) with cooling fan for Raspberry Pi 3B+/4B 802.3af PoE 

*[https://github.com/axizo-pi/V3DLib vc6 V3D 4.2] is derived from [https://docs.broadcom.com/doc/12358545 vc4], but it is [https://docs.mesa3d.org/drivers/v3d.html significantly different] 
The QPU pipeline stays mostly the same, you still have an add ALU and a multiply ALU and it can issue two ALU OPs per cycle. There is still 4 SIMD lanes, interleaved over 4 cycles.
The instruction encoding for the QPUs is different, but the core instructions are the same.

Instructions for packed 8 bit int math has been dropped, along with most of the pack modes.
Instructions for packed 16bit float math has been added (2 floats at in a single operation)
With vc5/vc6, you write two packed 16f value to the tilebuffer (or four writes of 32f, if you are using the rgba32f framebuffer). And there is a handy vfpack operation which allows you to pack two f32s into a single 32bit value in a single instruction. You can vfpack directly into the tile buffer register.

the multiply ALU can now fadd, so you can issue two fadds per instruction. the add ALU has gained a bunch of new instructions 

the A and B register files have been merged. You still only get an A read and a B read per instruction, but they read from one big register file (which means the underlying memory block has gone from two sets of &quot;one read port, one write port&quot; to one &quot;two read ports, one write port&quot; block)

The theoretical max FLOPs per QPU remains the same at two per cycle, other than the bump from 400mhz to 500mhx but it looks like a lot of effort has been put putting those theoretical FLOPs to better use. 
*vc4 could run one or two threads per QPU. When you ran in two thread mode, the available register file halfed to 32 registers.
*vc5 added a four thread per QPU mode, with 16 registers per thread.
*vc6 doubled the size of the register file. You could now use all 64 threads in two thread mode and 32 registers in for thread mode. Single thread mode was removed, you always have at least two threads.

With the threading improvements, the QPUs should spent much less time idle waiting NOPs for memory requests. Most of the design changes have gone to improving the fixed function hardware around the QPUs. A fixed function blend unit has been added, which should reduce load on the QPUs when doing alpha blending. hope software blending is still possible 

The tile buffer can now store upto 4 render targets (up to 128bits per pixel, so if you are using 4 32bit render targets, you can't have a depth buffer)

A MMU, allowing a much simpler/faster kernel driver.

Many more texture formats, framebuffer formats.

h264/x264 [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commit/caecd66a9508acb0e9ef0a07169a14c33007b208 VideoCore hardware decoding through VCHIQ/MMAL (Pi 1–4)], 
H.265 / HEVC decoder is a HEVCv2 Main 4:4:4 10 design supporting bitstreams up to profile 5.1
HEVC hardware decode supports 4kp60, 10-bit. Audio output is pretty much unchanged, but the HDMI audio channels now support 8x192kHz bitrates 


All the features needed for opengl es 3.0 

Each ALU typically have 2 floating point operators, and as you pointed out in a earlier post videocore 6 is no exception, with both a multiply and additive floating point operator. Thus theoretical GFLOPs are calculated with both operators in mind. That is what the 2 in my formula represents, and is common across any modern programmable shader, whether you calculate Nvidia, AMD, Intel, Boardcom or any other company's GPUs. Total ALUs * 2 * GHz clock = GFLOPs, In the case of Raspberry Pi 3, it's 24 ALUs * 2 operators * 0.4GHz = 19.2GFLOPs
If the Videocore 6 does indeed only have 16 ALUs (16 * 2 * 0.5GHz), you'd have only 16GFLOPs but they are better utilised 

Possible maximum performance 
&lt;pre&gt;
VideoCore IV @ 250MHz: 250 [MHz] x 3 [slice] x 4 [qpu/slice] x 4 [processor] x 2 [op/clock] = 24 Gflop/s
VideoCore IV @ 300MHz: 300 [MHz] x 3 [slice] x 4 [qpu/slice] x 4 [processor] x 2 [op/clock] = 28.8 Gflop/s
VideoCore VI @ 500MHz: 500 [MHz] x 2 [slice] x 4 [qpu/slice] x 4 [processor] x 2 [op/clock] = 32 Gflop/s
&lt;/pre&gt;

Faster LPDDR4 memory.


====BCM2837==== 

With the Pi3 
* Broadcom BCM43438 chip provides 2.4&amp;nbsp;GHz 802.11n wireless LAN, Bluetooth Low Energy, and Bluetooth 4.1 Classic radio support, 3B+ [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commit/afa5bc0bb17d5dd06bcfdbac00853a3799ca8d76 LAN7515] 

The overclock ability has diminished with each chip version as the energy usage has increased. BCM2837 is one of the warmest yet and benefits from active fan cooling if all four cpu cores are in use for a short while. Video playback maybe affected due to the lack of custom support in the GPU with Aros. 5 V / 2.4 or 2.5 amp power supply recommended if all four cpu cores are running, else throttling (cpu slowdown) might occur. 

[https://github.com/hermanhermitage/videocoreiv/wiki/VideoCore-IV-Programmers-Manual Dual VDP] and scalable QPU in [https://docs.mesa3d.org/drivers/vc4.html VC4] and x.264/h.264 accelerated untested only and VP9 on cpu or neon help 


ARMv8-A has [https://developer.arm.com/documentation/102412/0100/Privilege-and-Exception-levels privilege levels] where userspace typically runs at ‘EL0’, the kernel at ‘EL1’ or ‘EL2’ and the firmware at the highest level ‘EL3’. 


===32bit===

=== Core Kernel ===


====BCM2708(family)====
which includes the [http://elinux.org/RPi_Hardware BCM2835] (ARM1176JZF-S 700&amp;nbsp;MHz CPU + VideoCore IV GPU + up to 1GB RAM)

*Framebuffer (fb) using mailbox 
*IRQ scheduler, etc 
*Arasan based SD Card controller 
*Synopsis DesignWare USB 2.0 OTG controller [http://networkdirection.net/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=106:rasperry-pi-usb-controller&amp;catid=45:raspberry-pi&amp;Itemid=54 Unofficial DOCS pdf],  [dwc_otg.c FreeBSD], [], [https://www.riscosopen.org/viewer/view/mixed/RiscOS/Sources/HWSupport/USB/Controllers/DWCDriver/ RiscOS USB Driver], [https://www.riscosopen.org/forum/forums/5/topics/878 RiscOS USB Discussion], [https://www.riscosopen.org/forum/forums/11/topics/1893 Other USB RiscOS], [http://plan9.bell-labs.com/plan9/index.html Plan9 Miller's usb] http://plan9.bell-labs.com/sources/contrib/miller/, [https://github.com/Chadderz121/csud CSUD driver], 
*[http://www.smsc.com/media/Downloads_Public/Data_Sheets/9512.pdf SMSC 9512] USB LAN/Hub chip 
*CMOS RAM 
*VCHIQ port which sends messages to the GPU e.g. for mouse, keyboard, audio on HDMI, etc 
*Audio Driver 
*Serial Peripheral Interface Bus (SPI) 
*[http://www.susa.net/wordpress/2012/06/raspberry-pi-pcf8563-real-time-clock-rtc/ I2C registers]
*I2S 
*Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (UART) 
*[http://elinux.org/RPi_BCM2835_GPIOs GPIOs] and [http://www.adafruit.com/blog/2012/08/17/broadcom-bcm2835-peripheral-memory-map-and-gpio-alternate-use-chart-piday-raspberrypi-raspberry_pi/ Alternative view of GPIO]

BCM2836 
* For Pi B+, PI 2 and Pi 3 SMSC LAN9514 chip adding 10/100 Ethernet connectivity and four USB channels to the board

*[http://www.andrewscheller.co.uk/rpi_pcb_modules.html PCB], [http://elinux.org/RPi_Low-level_peripherals Low level features],


 Implemented so far... 

# Modify the configure system so that it correctly builds for the arm hardware float raspi target.
# Implemented the bootstrap to load the aros modules and prepare the arm to jump into them. Reworked the x86 console support so that parts can be stolen for raspi to use since t has no basic functionality to output to the display.
# Implemented a kernel.resource to prepare the raspi for running aros and provide the low level api calls to expose available resources and allow exec, etc function.
# Implemented serial debug support
# Implemented the exec (and kernel) functionality required to make multitasking work (and interrupts, exceptions, syscalls, etc)
# Implemented a timer.device to utilise the hardware timers.
# Implemented a very basic gfx driver to expose the hardware's framebuffer.
# Implemented an SD-Card driver for AROS which presently only supports the raspi's chipset but can easily be modified to support all sd-card hardware and media.
# Fixed the fat filesystem support in AROS so that it can boot on RasPi's normal SD-Card setup. The &quot;rom&quot; image files needed use a different filename than the default linux, etc images so can be easily installed without harming the existing files - you only need to change the loaded images in the config file to get aros to boot.
# Updated the build scripts to automatically download the necessary raspi firmware files and wrap it all up so that you can simply extract the archive to a fat formatted sdcard and boot it on the raspi without having to get anything else.
# fix everything in contrib and ports to build for raspi (needs proper testing/fixes but allows every component to actually compile at least, including owb) + numerous other fixes to get things working on arm/raspi ..


Improvements...

# Implement a USB chipset driver &quot;OR&quot; finish the existing one [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commit/c07d13c724f944674be5db54fc6a71ee72a01809 usb otg] - the current code is mostly a skeleton that should initialise the chipset and then needs relevant code to support the different transfer types. It also has the &quot;virtual&quot; hub code in place to represent the raspi's USB port (from poseidons p.o.v) 
# Implement a driver for the USB NIC (a few weeks - depends on USB above) 
# Write an [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commit/d55d0f74d20b769bbb8c8d386e5c1d7a9154f05a audio driver] (a few weeks - independent of USB) and [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commit/e93a4c245f27a87c9c4c1d39206694b39059998a HDMI]
# fix syscall bug in the current raspi kernel code
# Graphics depend on having a decent &quot;bcmdma.resource&quot; implemented as to use the cpu's dma engine. The sd card driver needs to use it for transfers to/from the controller - and the gfx system needs to use it for &quot;blitting&quot;. 
# [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commit/4019d84e4975d4dad987a12d57fe108f5ac048e6 Improve the gfx driver], [ vc4gfx HIDD] add [http://dri.freedesktop.org/wiki/VC4/ Gallium3D support] 
# [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commit/b13905b3e8e45b089f520b44692c81affddd066f Improve] the [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commit/3a876755c070f5c73c4f53c7f4d35b4f923088b9 sdcard] device driver  - which is also pretty basic but should work with most cards, rework it to also support pci, etc. sd card interfaces on x86 
# The current code using very rudimentary access to the gpio interface - so that should be implemented as some resource for other components to access, as-well as the i2c interface exposed over the gpio interface. that should have a hidd class implemented which uses the gpio resource to communicate.


 Boot up typical for most other OSs before the open sourcing of many binary blobs from 2017 onwards 

On power-up, the rpi [http://www.open.com.au/mikem/bcm2835/ BCM 2835] [https://github.com/hermanhermitage/videocoreiv VideoCore4] GPU, not the ARM CPU, is in control, and the SD card slot is the only peripheral device with power. The firmware burned into the BCM2835's VideoCoreIV GPU PROM requires a DOS-style partition table; a FAT-formatted first partition; and the freely redistributable but closed sourced Broadcom files “bootcode.bin” and “start.elf” in that partition.

The boot sequence carries out several pre-boot tasks

*On powering of the rpi, the GPU reads and executes bootcode.bin, which then loads start.elf 
*The GPU loads the “start.elf” file, eventually, into the L2 cache and then executes it
*configures the memory split for the CPU and GPU
*reads and parses “config.txt” from the same partition on the SD card and applies the settings (like a PC’s BIOS settings)
*loads the “kernel.img” file, again from the same partition
*activates the CPU to begin executing the loaded kernel image

The CPU/GPU memory split is hard-coded into start.elf, so Broadcom provides three start.elf images, to give 32M, 64M, or 128M to the GPU for multimedia performance, and the remainder to the CPU.

RPi uses [https://github.com/raspberrypi/firmware some closed source loaders] and at some point it loads a binary blob named &quot;kernel.img&quot; at 0x8000, at that point there would be a rudimentary Aros alive. If one wants to use the SD-card then there would have to be a driver for the interface and a fat filesystem handler (SD-card has to be formatted to fat filesystem)

Boot code and kernel are now linked together and made into that binary blob, just for starters. Raspberry Pi uses [http://kernelnomicon.org/?p=133 u-boot] and [http://kernelnomicon.org/?p=138 UBoot] as bootloader, there's already some code in the Efika MX port for that. UBoot is a native bootloader and not just for the raspberry pi, it loads after start.elf.

You can find Efika MX port from arch implementations, some hacking is needed for the mmakefile.src'es as iit dates back to before the Aros crosstool era or else you get some weird errors while building. You also need to code the bootstrap and serial handling.

At the moment it seems that a fastest route for the native build would be to make one binary blob without using the package system. Raspberry's memory layout is pretty simple and if the implemented u-boot doesn't support loading other modules 

&lt;pre&gt;
?          - alias for 'help'
mtest      - simple RAM test
autoscr    - run script from memory
base       - print or set address offset
bbm        - BBM sub-system
bdinfo     - print Board Info structure
boot       - boot default, i.e., run 'bootcmd'
bootd      - boot default, i.e., run 'bootcmd'
bootm      - boot application image from memory
bootp      - boot image via network using BootP/TFTP protocol
cmp        - memory compare
coninfo    - print console devices and information
cp         - memory copy
crc32      - checksum calculation
echo       - echo args to console
fatinfo    - print information about filesystem
fatload    - load binary file from a dos filesystem
fatls      - list files in a directory (default /)
go         - start application at address 'addr'
help       - print online help
iminfo     - print header information for application image
itest      - return true/false on integer compare
jade       -
loadb      - load binary file over serial line (kermit mode)
loads      - load S-Record file over serial line
loady      - load binary file over serial line (ymodem mode)
loop       - infinite loop on address range
md         - memory display
mm         - memory modify (auto-incrementing)
mtest      - simple RAM test
mw         - memory write (fill)
nfs        - boot image via network using NFS protocol
nm         - memory modify (constant address)
pci        - list and access PCI Configuration Space
ping       - send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST to network host
printenv   - print environment variables
rarpboot   - boot image via network using RARP/TFTP protocol
reset      - Perform RESET of the CPU
run        - run commands in an environment variable
saveenv    - save environment variables to persistent storage
saves      - save S-Record file over serial line
setenv     - set environment variables
sleep      - delay execution for some time
tftpboot   - boot image via network using TFTP protocol
USB        - USB sub-system
usbboot    - boot from USB device
version    - print monitor version
&lt;/pre&gt;


And there is one more thing about modular ports. In order to actually implement this, your bootstrapping environment should provide the ability to load several files. On PC this is provided by GRUB2. on CHRP you can read filesystem via OpenFirmware, and Sam's Parthenope relies on modified u-boot. If your bootstrap allows to load only a single file, then you stuck with monolithic kickstart. By the way...  u-boot allows not only to boot up a single uImage or zImage, it also allows to write client programs AFAIK. With this approach, you actually can write modular bootstrap for ARM AROS using unmodified u-boot.

Most used [http://www.compulab.co.il/workspace/mediawiki/index.php5/U-Boot_quick_reference uboot options] are fatls usb 0:1,

the reason behind INTB_KERNEL is to allow use of the standard Exec function AddIntServer() to add interrupt handlers for
hardware drivers etc. AmigaOS never used it for abstract hardware drivers. AmigaOS  routed  only  raw  hardware IRQs there. Their assignment was hardcoded. As well as number of them. Actually on AmigaOS every bus has its own interrupt subsystem. For example PCI bus. PCI interrupts on Amiga are routed to a single exec interrupt.  1:1 relationship between CPU  and hardware interrupts is present only on PC.

IMHO we miss things like AddInterrupt/RemInterrupt methods on our PCI subsystem's device class.  PCI bus class should map these methods to whatever is appropriate. This is how it is done on AmigaOS and friends. When these are implemented, raw kernel.resource API will be needed only for several PC-specific drivers with hardwired resources. Exec IRQs are real IRQs only on Amiga hardware. On other machines they can be emulated where appropriate (VBlank is a good example). kernel.resource is meant  to be different, its IRQs are hardware-agnostic, they are plain &quot;Hardware IRQ number X, whatever this means&quot;. They are low-level actually, and meaningful only in the context of a particular system.

Was that not the transition from irq.hidd to kernel.resource? No.  A long time ago there was another hacky bit named INTB_TIMERTICK. It was &quot;abstract timer interrupt&quot;, used by timer.device. It was the same as VBlank, but with larger frequency. I removed it, because kernel.resource API was a cleaner way to access this interrupt. Furthermore, there can be more than one timer in the system. Thinking about bringing back timer HIDD definitions again. hpet.resource is a bad idea.

Can someone please enlighten me a little on how the scheduler is meant to work?
 
Poseidon.library creates its &quot;Poseidon Event Task&quot; during RTF_COLDSTART -&gt; then calls Wait(), and ends up in limbo because wait disables interrupts (used for the scheduler heartbeat), and basically waits forever because the sigbit is never set, since krnSwitch doesn't switch the task unless TF_SWITCH is set, and no codepath run during this seems to set it?? TF_SWITCH does not disable/enable switching. This flag just enables to run user-supplied hook when the task is being switched away. It is completely safe to call Wait() in Disable()d state. Doing this actually temporarily breaks this state. IDNestCnt gets remembered in struct Task, then next task is selected, and its IDNestCnt is restored in sysbase (see kernel_scheduler.c). If there are no other tasks, then your cpu_Dispatch() should enable interrupts on the CPU and enter idle mode. See x86 implementation for good example.

You miss what happens next...
 1. KrnSwitch() saves context of your task, saves IDNestCnt (core_Switch() and cpu_Switch()), then drops into cpu_Dispatch().
 2. cpu_Dispatch() calls core_Dispatch. Then two cases are possible:
 2a. There is a READY task. It is picked up, its IDNestCnt is restored in SysBase, then cpu_Dispatch() needs to restore registers and exit. The next task is run.
 2b. There are no READY tasks. core_Dispatch() returns NULL. In this case your cpu_Dispatch() should enter idle loop. It should just enable interrupts on the CPU and put it on halt. This allows it to process hardware interrupts. Eventually some of your interrupt handlers wakes up your task and puts it into READY list.

My heartbeat interrupt has been slowed atm to help debugging - but it never actually gets a chance to fire because of the Wait() disabling interrupts. Perhaps you have forgotten to enable interrupts in your idle loop.

There is a change in the format of AROS executables. Until now we were using Elf RELocable files which are usually used as intermediate object files. We had them for various reasons, one of them was how AROS files were built in the past. That days we had no real aros cross compiler and the option to embed relocation data in unix executables (or in executable files in general) was rather new and not every linux/unix system had it. Therefore we have decided to use intermediate files. Although it was somehow working (and it is still working :-)), it has some drawbacks. Therefore decided to introduce real Elf EXEC types, in first turn implemented on ARM target with option to expand in future to all other AROS architectures.

The first patch was pretty easy and appeared to work somehow. It generated nice executables with embedded relocation info. Not only that, it also removed all global symbols adjusting relocation data to be relative to the beginning of the sections. That move reduced number of symbols in each executable significantly (depending on the file between 20 and 80% of all symbols could be removed). The only symbols that stayed in the file are local ones - due to the nature of the patch wasn't able to remove them since we have not seen them in the symbol hash table.

The patch didn't worked though. The files were relocated, AROS kernel loaded, but it crashed very early. What happened? Well, the nature of ARM relocations happened :)

Most of the relocation data on all machines is rather simple. Relocation can be absolute or pc-relative, sometimes the offset has to be bit shifted. On ARM v7 there is another one. There, when one wants to load an address of function/variable into register a combination of two instructions can be used: movw and movt. The first one loads immediate into lower 16 bits of a register while clearing upper 16 bits. The second one loads immediate into upper 16 bits without touching lower halfword. Loading of a pointer into a register looks like this:

        movw r0, #:lower16:label

        movt   r0, #:upper16:label

In this case there are two relocations - one for lower halfword and another for upper. If an overflow of lower 16 bits occurs during relocation process, the upper one should be updated as well. Unfortunately with current patch and with typical ARM executables there is not enough information to perform the calculations.

There are two options - the first one would be to give up and go back to &quot;fake&quot; executables, another one would be to change from REL to RELA relocation info. The latter contains an addend, extra data which can be used to perform all the relocation calculations I need.

Decided for the second option. The patch is already in the works. There is another function for the binutils' bfd backend to perform the final relocation. There can decide what to do with every reloc info, modify data and eventually strip some symbols. An advantage is - at this stage of the linking process have also full access to all local symbols so can change all relocations section relative and eventually strip all symbols from the files. 


 GPU 

VCore developed by Alphamosaic Ltd and now owned by Broadcom. Most of start.elf runs on the GPU.   Placing ALL the userland GPU code in the videocore.hidd isn't going to be a terribly big problem because the code they published is nothing more than a shim that sends data straight to the GPU to execute.

The good news about this is that we only need to write our HIDD using the OpenVG API.   The shim is relatively small codewise and lives in the ARM memory (the actual OpenVG code itself lives in the GPU RAM area and its loaded from start.elf).   That's also the bad news.  Our driver has to translate AROS video calls to OpenVG calls, for most tasks it should be easy, for some, not so much.  It's still probably less difficult and less work, than controlling the GPU directly.

The other good news is that anything done through OpenVG happens on the GPU, its truly accelerated.   It also has some nice font functions, meaning we can lead into an accelerated text mode later.

Basically, AROS resets or locks up when it tries to use AROS_ATOMIC_INC or DEC.  If I comment out the byte/word operations in the header files and use non-atomic operations, the code works as expected.
 
have read that the L1 cache needs to be enabled to use LDREX and co (which I also read is only meant to be used on multi processor systems with shared memory) - however I am certain this is correctly enabled.

If you are using LREX or STREX, you should have L1 cache enabled, at least on the ARM CPU I work with at work.

L1 cache is enabled by enabling the MMU *AND* setting the C and I bits in the CPU - the C bit is ignored, and the I bit only covers the 16 byte instruction pipeline if the MMU is not enabled.

Can you verify that your assembly is generating LDREX/STREX? From the behavior, it almost sounds like its generating the default Semaphore locked atomics.
 Impossible. There are no semaphore-locked atomics. There are Disable()/Enable()-based ones instead. And there's a special #define AROS_NO_ATOMIC_OPERATIONS in this case, which tweaks Disable()/Enable() implementations not to recurse forever.
 I have tested this on ARMv5 which does not have ldrex/strex, it works fine. On those ARMs there's no way to have real atomics. On other OSes (like Linux) this is done by introducing things like atomic_t, which appears to be a complex structure, holding the value together with accompanying spinlock (implemented using swp).

    #warning &quot;TODO: lookup optimal mmu table settings for raspi memory&quot;
        /* Set up an identity-mapping for all 4GB */
        for(x = 0; x &lt; 4096; x ++)
        {
            pagetable[x] = x&lt;&lt;20 | (0x40002|0x80000|0x010000|0x00C00|0x04);
        }

Shouldn't there be a second loop that sets the 'C' bit in the descriptor for the RAM pages?

Currently, you have TEX=0, C=0, B=1 for all pages (Shared Device).

You should have TEX=0, C=1, B=0 for RAM (Write-Through, Cached)

    So ..
     
     pagetable[x] = x&lt;&lt;20 | 2;

     
    should be enough?

No, for RAM you need to change the '| 0x40' to '| 0x80'

tell dosboot the correct defaults to use

Please don't do this. This bootconfig.c is a deprecated legacy thing. I wanted it to go away completely with time. Instead,  display  drivers  should auto-install themselves during own initialization phase. I. e. detect hardware=&gt;instantiate itself. This   should   make  things way simpler. With this approach you only need  to add the driver into KS image to get the device autobooted. No hardcoded stuff. 
Currently  VESA  and  VGA drivers do this, look there for examples. never rewrote ATI driver because i don't have any test system for it.

they defined a smaller AROSCPUContext than the ExceptionContext - yet reference it as ExceptionContext in other places, and since it hasn't allocated enough storage for ExceptionContext, are corrupting memory/the structure (since the elements that are there don't map 1 to 1 with the exception context).

AFAIK, AROS has been moving in a different direction to this in recent years. It is the job of graphics HIDDs to allocate bitmaps etc. so that they have the most suitable characteristics, including allocating them from GPU RAM where possible. The concept of chip RAM is only for legacy code, and most if not all non-68k platforms should have all system RAM
marked as chip.

BTW, is the video processing code you mention CPU code or GPU code?

Also, IIRC we have support for &quot;external memory allocators&quot;. Perhaps that's what we need for the allocation of GPU RAM through the mailbox.

All hosted and x86 native ports should use proper context formats.

trying to clarify if the vblank handler has to have run by this point to prevent this deadlock. Actually, no. Unless you have installed VBlank handler which should wake up at some point. Without VBlank there will be no quantum count. Consequently, there will be no forced preemption. But the rest will work, and multitasking will be cooperative (switch happens only when current task voluntarily gives up the CPU). Does it depend on the vblank having run before this point? and if yes what does that mean on systems where it might be able to run enough code (e.g. get to this point) before the vblank interrupt has triggered? What is it waiting for? It could wait for timer, in this case you need timer.device working. VBlank is currently needed for exec's quantum counter. In current native ports we have only a single timer, which is served by timer.device. VBlank is simulated by timer.device also. If your machine has two timers, then you can use one of them for VBlank, and another for timer.device, this will simplify things down. VBlank needs to be 50 Hz for historical reasons, many programs use it as cheap timer. I am periodically thinking about making some abstract mechanism to be able to change quantum source (and untie it from 50 Hz), but have no time to come up with something good. Additionally i started disliking timer.device hardcoded design when PC has got many timers (old 8253, APIC, HPET).
Currently i think there should be some low-level entity representing tick source. timer.device should just select the most appropriate source for its units.
The BCM2835 has 4 GPU based timer sources - 2 are used by the GPU, so im using Timer3 for our heartbeat and the remaining one will be free to the system. There is also the less capable ARM timer but that is dependent on the CPU frequency. Very good. You won't need any emulation. Set the heartbeat to 50 Hz and drive VBlank from it. Use other timer for MicroHZ.

Can you use the 'econsole.hook' I make for debugging the Sam460 via the serial port?
It provides a before-anything-else shell prompt on the serial port.  You can then do 'NewCLI' to test your graphics, or use any DOS command in shellcommands.resource.

You should just be able to add econsole.hook to your module list, and use 'econsole' in your bootargs.

So long as you have a working Exec/RawMayGetChar and Exec/RawPutChar, it should work.

Also make sure to add shell.resource and shellcommands.resource for this.

That should have done it.

If you set &quot;#define DEBUG 1&quot; in  arch/all-native/econsole/econsole.c, do you get any additional serial output?

have added it to the build and added econsole to the command line - and can see the bootloader picks up on the emergency bootconsole tag, but I still only get the insert bootable media display?

Im assuming it exposes a fake filesystem that tricks aros into booting?
The contents of which are: ECON:AROS.boot

Way to handle the scheduling code? The implementations I had been following were causing problems, due to cascading interrupts which I cant handle properly in the asm stubs just now (when they break disable etc.) - since it means detecting the interrupted codes cpu mode and getting the correct sp/lr for it, and that's just too tedious for arm.
 
To work around this ive added a system idle task which does nothing - and when the scheduling code has no task to run switches this in and lets it run, thereby allowing the interrupts etc to resume until something does need to happen.
 
Also, by adding accounting code to cpu_Switch() and cpu_Dispatch(), it should allow the system to log idle time correctly (as well as running tasks).
 
have thought of also adding an additional task that never runs, solely to record time spent in IRQ handlers, but I digress..

was under the impression that kernel.resource should *never* be used outside of exec.library. This is a wrong impression.
Michal started designing it because portable nature of AROS does not fit well into exec's API with all its assumptions. So, he started the new, hardware-agnostic kernel API from scratch. Yes, exec sits on top of it in places. But kernel always meant to be open thing. Otherwise it would not exist. 
it wasn't meant to be just used willy nilly by user code - but by lower system components (e.g. exec) so that they could be implemented in a more generic fashion, and the kernel resource itself hide the systems quirks.

Adding new things there perfectly keeps up with our decision to minimize AROS-specific intervention into APIs which can clash with MorphOS or Amiga OS4 extensions. We want at least source-level compatibility there. Binary compatibility on PPC would be extremely cool, but at the other hand we have no maintainer for this, as well as their ABIs splintering. 
It depends on what exactly is being implemented - there's no reason we should have everything crammed into kernel.resource if it doesn't need to be (i.e. if its better suited as a separate component/subsystem in its own right)

The _LE versions are for when you have endian swapping taking place.  If the graphics are the same endian as the CPU, no swapping should occur.  I ran into a similar terminology problem in SDL with a friend insisting that his Radeon 7000 on his PC was big-endian.  It is not, it just uses the same endianness for the graphics card and the CPU so no swapping was necessary.  They were both little-endian.
The _LE versions are because the PixFmts refer to the bitmap data being in big endian format in memory, for which the normal version would need to do endianness conversion before applying the shifts/masks. on this platform it is in _LE in memory also so we don't need the conversion hence using the _LE version of the call). would use _LE (if it's really little endian 16 bit mode).

 
What is the bare minimum needed to implement a framebuffer based gfx driver, with our software handling the rest?

Have tried with just a gfx class that only expose new/dispose/newbitmap - and having an onscreenbitmap used only for the framebuffer itself (with all other bitmaps being chunkybm, and the framebuffer's superclass also being chunkybm), but that alone isn't enough it seems?
You can use workbench/hidds/sm502/ as your example - it is as simple as I could make it.
So, AROS creates the framebuffer bitmap (verified this) -&gt; so surely it should be capable of then rendeing into it? I don't actually create the framebuffer &quot;bitmap object&quot; myself - only as a result of being asked to. The code I currently have on SVN seems to create the framebuffers bitmap object fine, but then crashes in intuitions DisplayDriver callback.  In particular it crashes performing the getattr on the system default pointer. don't expose MEMF_CHIP in an allocatable form so AllocSpriteData was failing (and other code later doesn't check if the values are valid == illegal memory accesses) 

So far have -:

vc_init: queries the gpus memory, and sets up a fake memory handler for it, then adds the bootmode driver and returns saying all is well
vc_gfxhidd:New: sets up some fake syncmodes to test with and creates the real gfx object.
vc_gfxhidd:NewBitmap: checks if its a framebuffer and uses the onbitmap class or uses the chunkybm class otherwise
vc_onbitmap:New; creates a chunkybm object and then pushes the real framebuffer address into it as the buffer,

vc4 had v8adds, v8subs, v8muld, v8min and v8max which operated on four 8bit uint values packed into a 32bit register. Multiplication was in the range 0.0 to 1.0 and addition/subtraction saturated. There were also a range unpacking/packing modes that allowed you to pack and unpack 8bit values into 32bit registers. 

RasPi has to speak to the &quot;operating system&quot; which runs on the GPU itself and request/free memory - it cant directly manage it itself, and so the managed functions were used to wrap these calls.

The Arm and GPU share memory space. The framebuffer is shared. The Arm can write a pixel and it will appear on the screen (through GPU hardware) without flushing/copying being required.

The GPU can composite multiple FB's in real time - so you have a number of surfaces defined which are rotated etc and  composited in real time to the output. Copying can map from the address space of the Arm to the flat space of the GPU which takes some code, but I don't think whole buffers are copied.

The DMA hardware can also access the whole memory space and can perform 2D fills and blits (no blending). This is documented in the peripheral spec posted. The DMA is just an Arm accessible peripheral and can be set up with low latency (e.g. microseconds).
must use a 0xc0000000-based bus address to access SDRAM, yet non-DMA access should go via a 0x0-based bus address. 
For 2D dma, set TDMODE, and the spec says &quot;interpret the TXFR_LEN register as YLENGTH number of transfers each of XLENGTH, and add the strides to the address after each transfer.&quot; so set STRIDE to pitch of the image, the width is XLENGTH and height is YLENGTH. You would fill by not setting the SRC_INC and point source to your fill data.

The DMA cannot see the ARM's L1 cache, so you would map the framebuffer with ioremap_nocache. Depending on where the source data comes from, it may need an L1 cache flush. The DMA can see the L2 cache. Use 0xC0000000 bus addresses when L2 is disabled and 0x40000000 bus addresses when L2 is enabled. (actually just call virt_to_bus and you'll get the right address out).

openGLES/openVG has high latency. Writing to framebuffer then reading it back is very inefficient (e.g. milliseconds). If you can drive it a unidirectional way, just streaming commands at then that is efficient. openVG is not implemented on top of openGLES - it uses the same hardware but as a first class interface

To improve the Gfx driver, we will need a DMA resource implemented so can use to perform DMA operations. The Gfx driver will need this to perform blits.


Actually MEMF_CHIP has to present, for historical reasons.
This has been never fully agreed upon, but in ports i wrote i exposed the whole memory as MEMF_CHIP. The idea behind this is that CHIP is originally the memory where graphics and sound data can be put. On non-Amiga platforms there are no restrictions on this, so the whole memory is CHIP.
Yes, many old software can misbehave with CHIP memory size larger than 2MB. But this actually applies only to m68k AROS which is going to run m68k binaries. In other cases it's quite logical to fix the program when porting.

As to original question: yes, it's enough to have a framebuffer bitmap (one with aoHidd_BitMap_FrameBuffer set to TRUE) and PutPixel routine. It framebuffer can be served by chunky bitmap class, then you can simply create chunky bitmap with your own buffer (see how VESA driver does this). Chunky PutPixel is already there.

struggling to determine what is the correct pixfmt to use for the 24/16/15 bit gfx modes on the RasPi.  AFAIK it uses RGB565, for 16bit but im unsure what shifts etc should go with it? suffice to say Im getting the wrong colors so far lol.

&lt;pre&gt;
redmask: 0x0000F800
greenmask: 0x000007E0
bluemask: 0x0000001F
alphamask: 0

redshift: 16
greenshift: 21
blueshift: 27
alphashift: 0
&lt;/pre&gt;

It should likely be vHidd_StdPixFmt_RGB16_LE

This stuff is a bit confusing.  The &quot;names&quot; of the stdpixfmts are based on the layout in memory,
ignoring endianess. So for example:

ARGB32: will be 0xAA 0xRR 0xGG 0xBB in memory on both big endian and little endian machines.

The shifts and masks OTOH are based on pixel access (ULONG in this case), so differ depending
on whether you run on big endian machine or little endian machine (that's why there's stdpixfmt_le.h and
stdpixfmt_be.h in rom/hidds/graphics/).

With the 16 bit pixel format it's even more confusing, as for example it's impossible on little endian machine
to describe RGB16 with shifts/masks alone. That's why there's vHidd_PixFmt_SwapPixelBytes_Flag.
(RGB16 == RRRRRGGG GGGBBBBB in memory, and for pixel (WORD) access on little endian machine it needs to
be accessed as GGGBBBBBRRRRRGGGG).

The shifts btw indicate how much to shift the component to the left (!) so that it is moved to the highest bit (31).

The aHidd_PixFmt_StdPixFmt you specify will be ignored most of the time, because when the pixelfmt is registered,
the gfx hidd checks if there's an identical pixfmt (shifts/masks/etc., but ignoring pixfmt-&gt;stdpixfmt) already in the system,
and if so, it uses the already existing one and does not create a new one.

In theory it would be better if gfx drivers could simply/only specify a StdPixFmt without all the shifts/masks stuff when the
gfx driver uses pixfmt which matches one of the stdpixfmts exactly. Another possibility would be for gfx drivers to use
HIDD_Gfx_GetPIxFmt(stdpixfmt_gfx_driver_wants_to_use) and then peek shifts/masks from it and fill out a pixfmt
tag list based on that.
15bit very blue/green: Try to pass same shifts/masks/etc. as in 16 bit pixfmt (maybe you think it's using 15 bit R5G5B5
(or swapped) but it's actually still using 16 bit R5G6B5 (or swapped).
 aHidd_PixFmt_StdPixFmt you pass is mostly ignored. It's the shift/masks/etc. that count.
But I would still pass the correct one (_LE) == whatever rom/hidds/graphics/stdpixfmts_??.h uses
in the entry where you have looked up shifts/masks/etc.

Use the shifts/masks/etc. from the entry in stdpixfmt_le.h (if you are running on little endian machine) or stdpixfmt_be.h (if you
are running on little endian machine) that matches the pixfmt that its meant to be.

0xAA,0xRR,0xGG,0xBB on little endian (-&gt;entry in stdpixfmt_le.h which says vHidd_StdPixFmt_ARGB32)
0xBB,0xGG,0xRR,0xAA on little endian (-&gt;entry in stdpixfmt_le.h which says vHidd_StdPixFmt_BGRA32)

0xAA,0xRR,0xGG,0xBB on big endian (-&gt;entry in stdpixfmt_be.h which says vHidd_StdPixFmt_ARGB32)
0xBB,0xGG,0xRR,0xAA on big endian (-&gt;entry in stdpixfmt_be.h which says vHidd_StdPixFmt_BGRA32)

it feels like AROS trashes the alpha component, otherwise it should be 8A8R8G8B.

read on the subject suggest its in 1x5r5g5b (x is ignored) to keep 16bit alignment .
 
Suggests to me that wrong shift/mask are being applied - however going by the 16bit versions it all looks correct to me so I am really confused as to what is happening.

The output image looks to have too much green/blue, and very weak red.


 Kickstart 

The  idea  is  to minimize amount of archirecture-specific modules to make the user's  life  easier.  So,  the kickstart was split into 'base' (which  does  not  contain anything machine-specific) and 'BSP' (Board Support Package) which contains all hardware-specific stuff. This  way,  for  example, distribution makers can save up space on CD and  make  CDs with multiple platform support. Different configuration would load the same base with different BSP's.

Next  there  was some part which is entirely missing on hosted. These are   filesystems.  Hosted  ports  do  not need them to boot up, so on hosted   they  are  left  out.  At  the  other  hand,  they  are  also architecture-agnostic.  So  i put them into 'FS' package (standing for 'filesystem').


 USB 

Poseidon  is  one  more  big part. I made it into separate package in order to allow users to omit it if they don't need it (for example, to run  on retro PCs without USB). Personally i have one. Again, Poseidon is  hardware-agnostic (well, there are USB drivers but HCIs are pretty standard).

AFAIK its HCI 1.0 compliant but not familiar enough with poseidons drivers, nor USB, to just hack away at the existing code.  Perhaps once i'm more familiar with the workings I can merge in the changes needed to get it operating but for now I will focus on getting it running.  Also our drivers have known issues so perhaps a fresh set of eyes might shed some light on what is going wrong.

Another interesting question is whether Poseidon can operate on device side. Is it flexible enough? How similar is being a USB host and USB device? think it will need a bit of work on Poseidon's side.  Until then I will force the driver into Host/Master mode in the init code, but leave open device etc to configure the chipset for either's use - and look at trying to add support for working in Device/Slave mode &amp; switching modes once it's up and running.

Actually USBROMStartup is some kind of kludge. Can there be any alternative? Could device drivers be self-installing, like our HIDDs? This would get rid of need to list them in USBRomStartup.

* Model A and B limited to 150 mA per port. 
* Model B+ and Pi 2 introduced configurable 600 mA to 1.2 A support over all ports - anything above that requires a powered USB hub.

Implementing the hardware driver that Poseidon uses to interact with the USB components.

Have code in place to (try) and initialise the USB chipset, and configure host/device mode operation (though AFAICT Poseidon doesn't support device mode). Started to get the &quot;virtual&quot; root hub written for the single USB port so that Poseidon should at least list it correctly in the GUI - and try to interact with it to find peripherals.


The BCM2835 uses a soft IP block from Synopsys’ DesignWare library (DWC), specifically the block is called dwc_usb_2_0_hs_otg_subsystem-ahb_se (“USB 2.0 Hi-Speed OTG Controller Subsystem w/AHB Interface SE”).

There is no public documentation for this, and pretty much zero chance of anyone getting hold of it even with NDA. However, there's a Linux driver written by Synopsys ([https://github.com/raspberrypi/linux dwc_usb]). Specifically directories [https://github.com/raspberrypi/linux/tree/rpi-patches/drivers/usb/host dwc_common_port] and [https://github.com/raspberrypi/linux/tree/rpi-patches/drivers/usb/host dwc_otg].

The Synopsys code is actually under a fairly permissive licence – it's not GPL, it's similar to BSD (’don't sue us if it breaks’ is pretty much the only clause). So this should not be a barrier to porting the code.

The code is really well written, with a nice partition between the work done by the driver (dwc_otg, which is fairly involved, given the host does more work than a conventional EHCI driver), and the interface to Linux (dwc_common_port).

Probably only need provision of relevant changes to dwc_common_port. Other things to consider....

* Provision of necessary headers to get it to compile
* Provision of necessary functions (main issues are wait queues, threads, work queues, tasklets, timers, spinlocks and mutexes (multithreading) )
* Interfacing between USB stack and the driver. dwc_otg/dwc_otg_hcd_linux.c looks like the place to start.

the Linux bits of the headers are only required for the dwc_common_port library. dwc_common_port includes a variety of crypto functions which are not used – it appears to also be used for ultrawideband (UWB) and wireless USB (WUSB) drivers where crypto will be an issue, but it isn't going to be for plain wired USB.

Every USB driver acts as an USB hub as well in order to let Poseidon control the state of USB ports. The code there was reading status of the only USB port in Raspberry's CPU but when changing the status it erroneously deleted some of the status bits, including the port enable one. It was so because those bits in the status register are of a type Read/WriteToClear. It means, if one does not want to change their value from 1 back to 0, one has to actually write the 0 value. Very practical thing e.g. in interrupt handlers, where one reads the interrupt status register to learn what was the interrupt reason, and writes it back to the same register in order to clear the interrupts. 

After fixing that code it turned out that the communication was still unsuccessful. Apparently the USB device was not understanding the host for some reason. That should not happen since the request sent was one of the standard ones implemented by virtually anything with an USB connector, assumed that Poseidon clears the data caches before forwarding the work to the USB drivers but that's the responsibility of the driver itself. 

The USB device responded and acknowledged the transmission! But why were all the request sent after address change failing with timeout? They should not. Once again, address set is supported just by anything. Tried to contact the device at address 0 once again and there it was, still responding properly. The enlightenment came. The bus address for DMA transmissions was, as it is in many bare metal USB implementations, just the pure memory address of the buffer as seen by the ARM cpu. Have &quot;prefixed&quot; it with the real location of uncached RAM and booted AROS once again. 


Trident saw this:

    Product     : Hub: Vdr=0424/PID=9514
    Manufacturer: Standard Microsystems Corp.
    SerialNumber: n/a
    /Users/michal/git/AROS/rom/USB/poseidon/./poseidon.library.c:psd_20_psdEnumerateDevice/3092: USBVersion: 0200
    Class     : 9
    SubClass  : 0
    DevProto  : 2
    VendorID  : 1060
    ProductID : 38164
    DevVers   : 0200

and this:

    Product     : Vendor: Vdr=0424/PID=EC00
    Manufacturer: Standard Microsystems Corp.
    SerialNumber: n/a
    /Users/michal/git/AROS/rom/USB/poseidon/./poseidon.library.c:psd_20_psdEnumerateDevice/3092: USBVersion: 0200
    Class     : 255
    SubClass  : 0
    DevProto  : 1
    VendorID  : 1060
    ProductID : 60416
    DevVers   : 0200

and even this:

    Product     : Hub: Vdr=0424/PID=9514
    Manufacturer: Standard Microsystems Corp.
    SerialNumber: n/a
    /Users/michal/git/AROS/rom/USB/poseidon/./poseidon.library.c:psd_20_psdEnumerateDevice/3092: USBVersion: 0200
    Class     : 9
    SubClass  : 0
    DevProto  : 2
    VendorID  : 1060
    ProductID : 38164
    DevVers   : 0200

What are these things? The first one is USB hub built in the Raspberry. Thanks to this one the Pi machines (with exception of Pi0 and computing modules) have more than just one single USB port. The second one is the network chip in raspberry, the third one is my USB SD card reader which have just connected to see what happens. AROS tried, of course, to boot from it ;)

So, the first step towards working USB is done. The control transfers are working as you can see above. Next step is to implement bulk and interrupt transfers, having the basics in place. Finally some error handling will be added and USB for Pi will be as complete as the PC version. 

[http://www.raspyfi.com/raspberry-pi-usb-audio-fix/ Issue with USB Audio]


 Audio 

The Pi 4B is the only Pi that can output HD Audio as an HD Audio passthrough bitstream, and it does it over HDMI. It's possible to use the two HDMI output for separate HDMI video and HDMI audio outputs to allow UHD HDR video and HD Audio with non-UHD HDR compatible AVRs. 

The Pi3B+ and earlier will decode to PCM 5.1/7.1 and output over HDMI.  HDMI is the only interconnect that has a standard for carrying Dolby True HD, DTS HD MA etc. as a bitstream - you can't carry it as a bitstream on any other interface.

Pi3 and Pi4 audio jack output derived from 12bit pulse width modulation is relatively poor. For better, choose USB Audio or I2C versions. 

[https://github.com/raspberrypi/linux/tree/rpi-patches/sound/arm audio] and its [https://github.com/raspberrypi/firmware/issues/2 very high speed message passing interface type of thing VCHI] 

The Model B+ added an additional voltage regulator for the audio output and an additional output driver to drive low-resistance loads like headphones. However it is still using pulse-width modulation (PWM), which has a major impact on sound quality

the old Raspberry Pi used a linear voltage regulator to provide the 3.3V to many of the components on the board while the new one uses a switching regulator. Both can perform reasonably well. However switch mode power supplies often show higher noise figures

Analogue audio

Audio over HDMI rev 1.3 &amp; 1.4


 Ethernet 

10/100 BaseT Ethernet RJ45 socket


 GPIO 

GPIO shouldn't be too bad but bear in mind it is already accessed in places so they would need to allocate pins etc through it (e.g. sdcard to flicker the activity light, serial debug to output data on the GPIO pins)

Probably a resource rather than a device...

Started an i2c driver that will need to allocate GPIO pins. Feel free to work on it if you are interested ;p


 GPU graphics with 2D and 3D acceleration 

Sadly none yet for 32bit but for 64bit... 


 Miscellanous

hdmi issues

Setting the hdmi_force_hotplug=1 makes sure the Pi believes the monitor/TV is really there.

You might also need to set config_hdmi_boost=4 or even higher (up to 9) if your display needs a stronger signal.

If the display is a computer monitor or newer tv, use hdmi_group=1 (auto HDMI use) and if it is an older TV, try hdmi_group=2 (for DMT formats, i.e. for PC monitors) then you HAVE to &quot;set hdmi_drive = 2 to enable HDMI output as this forces HDMI mode rather than DVI mode

Do not set hdmi_safe=1 as that overrides many of the previous options.

Using a shorter or better quality HDMI cable might help. Make sure your Pi's power supply delivers 1 A and not 500 mA.
If you see a problem with the red colour - either absent, or interference - then try a boost

composite video

changing the RCA cable, then the composite port worked out of the box

Boot it as you are doing, without HDMI. If you now plug in the HDMI, do you get the image? In other words, does the Pi think HDMI is connected even when it isn't?

Rename all the files in the first partion of the card except bootcode.bin, start.elf and fixup.dat  What's the result?

Put back config.txt What's the result?

for PAL mode   sdtv_mode=2

dmi_ignore_hotplug Pretends HDMI hotplug signal is not asserted so it appears a HDMI display is not attached
hdmi_ignore_hotplug=1 Use composite mode even if HDMI monitor is detected

&lt;pre&gt;
# NOOBS Auto-generated Settings:
#hdmi_force_hotplug=1
#config_hdmi_boost=4
#overscan_left=24
#overscan_right=24
#overscan_top=16
#overscan_bottom=16
#disable_overscan=0
start_x=1
gpu_mem=128
&lt;/pre&gt;

tvservice -c &quot;PAL 4:3&quot;

&lt;pre&gt;
/opt/vc/bin/tvservice -s   or tvservice -s 
state: HPD high|HDMI mode|HDCP off|composite off (0x12001a), 1920x1080 @ 60 Hz, progressive

/opt/vc/bin/tvservice -m CEA
Group CEA has 1 modes:
(native) mode 16: 1920x1080 @ 60 Hz, progressive

/opt/vc/bin/tvservice -m DMT
Group DMT has 0 modes:
&lt;/pre&gt;

sudo amixer cset numid=3 1

forces the audio to the headphone jack, even with the HDMI video output plugged in

config.txt

the hdmi_ignore_edid_audio=1 option sems relevant as it should tell ALSA that the only available audio is analog, no matter what the display says

There are several different ways that these 4 pole (ring) composite analog cables can be wired up, so some work great in some applications and can be a waste of time in others.

What is needed for the Raspberry Pi B+ and above, which like many camcorders needs the ring contact next to the base contact to be the ground.


The wiring for the 4 pole are:

TIP (LEFT AUDIO CHANNEL)

RING 1 (RIGHT AUDIO CHANNEL)

RING 2 (GROUND/EARTH)

RING 3 BASE/SLEEVE (VIDEO) YELLOW

Most Apple based Players and the Microsoft Zune (TM) are wired this way.

Most analogue camcorders are wired this way as well, where the ground in on Ring 2 will work with the Pi although you may need to swap your Video plug with the Right Audio plug.

Nearly all other MP3 players are not wired this way, the ground is on another ring ie the wrong one.


External devices

* Camera Module Omnivision ov5647 Sunny 5MP (NoIR version) V1.3 - NoIR at 850&amp;nbsp;nm, peak at 880&amp;nbsp;nm and trails off at 940&amp;nbsp;nm wavelengths 
* Camera V2 Sony IMX219 V2.1 8mpixel 8MP 8megapixel - 3280 x 2464 pixels - video at 1080p30, 720p60 and 640x480p90 - wider field of view, 62 vs 54 degrees horizontally - 
* Branded WIFI usb BCM43143 dongle

N.B.  dreaded error after changing cameras (stupidly without turning off the power first) and lasted through several power cycles.  It can be a bad 15-pin FFC ribbon cable, when swapped, camera(s) and the Pi itself are working OK. It can be an instance of a cold solder joint on the CSI connector on the pi board.  the camera can be detected (that's done via I2C) but may still not be able to receive image data (done via CSI-2) if something is broken. CSI-2 is uni-directional. Control is generally done via I2C. 
The CSI-2 receiver always writes to memory, not direct to the ISP. That's the way the Broadcom architecture works as it allows multipass processing easily. GPU memory is accessible from the ARM. Processing using the QPU graphics processors may be possible.  currently the only supported sensor is OV5647 and IMX219.  The linux drivers are all in the firmware blob, else you'd  be looking at at least a man-month of work in a fully fledged imaging lab to do a decent tuning of the camera modules' ISP parameters. 
Static electricity maybe an issue for the camera module and slightly less for the pi board.


== References ==


===Good sites to visit===

*[https://github.com/raspberrypi/firmware/tree/master/ Raspberry Pi Firmware build] 
*[https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/computers/software-sources.html Documentation] 
*[https://rpilocator.com/ RPiLocator] 


Linux only
*[https://github.com/raspberrypi/linux Raspberry Pi Linux Build] 
*[https://dietpi.com/ DietPi] 
*[http://www.tinycorelinux.net/ports.html piCore]
*[https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi Alpine Linux] 
*[https://github.com/armbian/build Armbian] 


*[ FydeOS]
*[ TwisterOS based on ChromiumOS] 
*[https://note.com/jamesmondo/n/nc76e31402be8?hl=en BSD] 


*[https://www.raspberrypi.com/software/operating-systems/ PiOS Lite] and then [https://hstwb.firstrealize.com/ HST] 
*[ PiMiga for pi4 and pi5] 
*[ amibian for pi2 and pi3] 
*[ retropie pi1 and 2] 


Other alternative lighter smaller than Pi OS 
*[https://aros.sourceforge.io/nightly1.html Aros 64bit ARMV8 single core] 
*[https://www.riscosopen.org/wiki/documentation/show/Welcome%20to%20RISC%20OS%20Pi RiscOS on Pi3 and Pi4]
*[https://github.com/michalsc/Emu68 ARM based realtime JIT 68k for amiga computers] 
*[https://github.com/JJDSNT/bellatrix/releases/ Alternative use of Emu68 on Pi3b] 
*[https://github.com/stevereaver/uaos uaOS with Emu68k] 
*[https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/commit/f80a268607dfae81b2db94755ab4e4d31ccb72d6 m68kemu library reference] 
*[ HaikuOS]
*[https://github.com/raspberrypi/noobs NOOBS] os loader with successor [https://github.com/procount/pinn PINN] 
*[https://github.com/maxnet/berryboot berryboot]

*[https://github.com/brianwiddas/pi-baremetal Bare Metal Access on Pi 32bit] 


Testing procedure is put sd card in, connect board to board if necessary, plug in hdmi and then power nothing else is done especially CSI DSI etc 

[https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/computers/compute-module.html CM5] has the same 55mm x 40mm 2x100pin connectors form factor as the CM4 but [https://www.epdtonthenet.net/article/214508/Key-Considerations-When-Migrating-from-Raspberry-Pi-CM4-to-CM5.aspx some pins and other small things] have changed. Will need the [https://raspipcb.com/tech-blog/raspberry-pi-cm4-vs-cm5-difference-in-booting-from-sd-card/ right IO board to suit] 

*Green [ Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5 IO Board REV2 [https://pip.raspberrypi.com/categories/1097-raspberry-pi-compute-module-5-io-board SC1967]] - untested 
*Green [ RPi Compute Module 5 IO board REV1 [https://pip.raspberrypi.com/categories/1097-raspberry-pi-compute-module-5-io-board SC1751]] - untested 
*Black SupTronics Geekbord X1500 CM5 IO Carrier Board - untested
*Black DeskPi Super6C Cluster Mini-ITX Board - untested 
*[https://sipeed.com/nanocluster Sipeed NanoCluster] - untested up to 7 CM5 
*Green BentoIO CMX0 - untested 
*Box EDATec ED-CLAWBOX - untested 
*Home Assistant Yellow - Kit with PoE with Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5 - untested 
*Blue [https://www.waveshare.com/wiki/CM5_PoE_BASE_A Waveshare CM5-PoE-BASE-A] - untested 
*Box  Waveshare [ CM5-POE-BOX-A] - untested 
*Blue [https://www.waveshare.com/wiki/CM5-IO-BASE-B Waveshare CM5-IO-BASE-B] - untested 
*Blue [https://www.waveshare.com/wiki/CM5-IO-BASE-A Waveshare CM5-IO-BASE-A] - untested 
*Blue Waveshare [https://www.waveshare.com/wiki/CM5-NANO-B CM5-NANO-B] - untested 


*[https://carboncomputers.us/products/pi-flux piFlux]
*[https://carboncomputers.us/products/ Zitaotech Hackberry] CM5 lite only - 
*Portable [https://www.waveshare.com/pocketterm35.htm Waveshare PocketTerm35] with Pi4B or Pi5 - untested 
*Box [https://www.clockworkpi.com/uconsole ClockworkPi uConsole][https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EtI_bAahbR8 CM4 into an adapter or CM3 into so-dimm - Cyberdeck] - untested 


*Green RPi [https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/cm4io/CM4IO-KiCAD.zip Compute Module 4] [https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/cm4io/cm4io-datasheet.pdf IO board] V1.4 [https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/cm4io/CM4IOUSB3-KiCAD.zip USB3] [https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/cm4io/cm4iousb3-appnote.pdf CM4ISO] [https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/cm4/cm4-datasheet.pdf Dual100pin] (2020) aka Development Platform Board - untested 
*Purple Pi Hut Cytron CM4 Maker Board - untested 
*Black DeskPi Super6C Cluster Mini-ITX Board - untested 
*[ KubeSail PiBox mini 2] 
*Home Assistant Yellow with Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4 - untested 
*[ Turing Pi V2] - untested CM4 with 260-pin SO-DIMM socket adapters and/or nvidia jetson nanos - untested 
*Blue [https://www.waveshare.com/wiki/CM4-IO-BASE-C Waveshare CM4-IO-BASE-C] - untested but binary blobs Rev01 Rev02 
*Blue [https://www.waveshare.com/wiki/CM4-IO-BASE-B Waveshare CM4-IO-BASE-B] - untested but binary blobs 
*Blue [https://www.waveshare.com/wiki/CM4-IO-BASE-A Waveshare CM4-IO-BASE-A] - untested but binary blobs 
*Blue [https://www.waveshare.com/wiki/CM4-NANO-B Waveshare CM4-NANO] - untested but usb and audio turned off or rerouted 
*Black [ Seeed Studio with BigTreeTech BTT pad 7] - bin blobs? 


CM3 has a 200 pin sodimm ddr2 connector form factor but not electrically SC0028, SC0029 
*Blue [https://wiki.geekworm.com/CM_IO_Board Geekworm RPi Compute Module IO Board] [https://github.com/geekworm-com/cm-io-board CSI DSI] with CM3 in ddr2 slot underside - '''works''' if SW1 on but CM3+ '''does not''' 
*Green [https://cdn-shop.adafruit.com/product-files/3442/CMIO_schematic.pdf RPi V3 IO board CM3IO] and CM3 Lite - untested 
*Green [https://turingpi.com/ turingpi v1 cluster] - untested up to 7 cm3 7xlan9514 12V discontinued, 3 x Pi4 homelab maybe better 
*Blue [https://www.waveshare.com/wiki/Compute_Module_PoE_Board Waveshare Compute Module PoE Board] and CM3 lite (if not lite, write files to internal eMMC fat32) '''AVOID''' bin blobs 
*Blue [https://www.waveshare.com/compute-module-io-board-plus.htm Waveshare Compute Module IO Board Plus] [https://www.waveshare.com/wiki/Compute_Module_IO_Board_Plus wiki] [https://forums.raspberrypi.com/viewtopic.php?t=235695 pin settings] with CM3+ Lite - '''AVOID''' binary blob 


*[ Pi02w on Geekworm SupTronics X305 Raspberry Pi Zero IO Baseboard] - untested 
*[ Spotpear Pi Zero 2w to Pi3b format-ish] - untested 


*[ pi-top v4] box has 128x64 oled display, micro hdmi, 19Whr battery with pi4 and 15V PD 36W min needed 
*[ pi-top v3] three green pieces, heatsink covers most of the base tray, pi-top hub mk1 lhs and Pi1B Pi2b Pi3b rhs secured from below, black rounded strip with pi-top above keyboard, 13.3&quot; HD 1366 x 768 display, small touchpad, 
*[ pi-top Model 2.0] pi-top on bottom bezel of 14-inch green laptop, large trackpad, keyboard slide down to reveal main system hub on slide rails moved to the right, Raspberry Pi3b screws down, hub slides in, 18V 2.5A 45W charger brick, battery 11.1V 3500mAh 38.85Wh and storage PiTopOS 
*[ Pi-Top CEED Raspberry Pi Modular Educational Desktop with RPI3] monitor 
*[https://www.indiegogo.com/en/projects/jesselozano/pi-top-a-raspberry-pi-laptop-you-build-yourself Pi-Top v1] wedge laptop with RPi2 


&lt;pre&gt;
2008 Trustees collected for Foundation
2009 Pi Foundation charity status gained 
2010 
2011 First Raspberry prototypes 
2012 First boards go on sale at CPC and RS. The Model A and B 700 MHz Arm11 - February 29th BCM 2835
2012 First million sold - more than the 10,000 original planned and anticipated 
2013 First Alpha Experimental builds of AROS Native for the 32bit Pi 
2013 Pi Trading launched making grants available, providing in house educational resources and Pi Academy for teacher training 
2013 Over two million sold 
2014 Over three million sold 
2014 Pi 1 Model B+ introduced that moved composite video to audio jack and same half gig of memory 
2014 Pi Model A+ v1.1 no ethernet and 1 usb - a little smaller - 
2015 Over four million first gen pis sold  
2015 Pi Zero 1.2 BCM2835 first production revision released with no camera port 
2016 Pi0 1.3 released with camera csi connector 
2017 Pi Zero W v1.1 1GHz Pi0W, single-core 32bit CPU BCM2835 released with Cypress CYW43438 wireless 
2020 Raspberry Pi Pico SC0919 with RP2040 32-bit 2Core ARM Cortex-M0+ up to 133 MHz - 264KB of SRAM and 2MB of on-board QSPI Flash - 
2024 Raspberry Pi Pico 2 with RP2350 2Core 32bit Arm Cortex-M33 and 2core open-hardware [https://github.com/wren6991/hazard3 Hazard3 RISC-V] 

2015 Pi 2 Model B v1.1 BCM2836 900/600 MHz ARM Cortex-A7 Armv7 quad 32bit, 32bit VideoCore IV GPU - 1Gb RAM - 5V 2A micro usb - SMSC LAN9514 chip - 
2015 Over a million pi2s sold 


2015 Raspberry Pi 2 Model B version 1.2 Pi2bv1.2, aka Pi2B2 has armv8 BCM2837 underclocked to 900Mhz without wifi/bluetooth module 
2016 Pi 3 Model B - Broadcom BCM2837 SOC four 64bit ARMv8 Cortex-A53 1.2GHz 32bit 1080p VideoCore IV GPU - 1Gb DDR2 - bluetooth 4.1, Cypress CYW43438 wireless 802.11n - 4 x USB2.0 ports - 5.1V 2.5A - SMSC LAN9514 chip 
2016 PIs total over 10 million worldwide 
2017 Compute Module 3 CM3 with BCM2837B0 armv8 Quad 64-bit - small 67.6mm x 31mm board which fits DDR2 SODIMM connector but not electrically compatible which plugs into needed IO board - beware of the I2C protocol issue 
     1Gb LPDDR2 RAM - Lite or 4Gb Emmc storage 
2017 12 million pis sold in total 
2018 Pi 3 Model B+ - 4c A53 BCM2837B0 1.4Ghz - 1Gb, wireless 802.11ac, gigabit ethernet (300Mbit/s) and bluetooth 4.2 - power over ethernet - 4 x USB2.0 ports - Microchip LAN7515 chip 
2019 Over 15 million sold 
2019 Pi 3 Model A+ with BCM2837b0 Cortex-A53 64-bit SoC @ 1.4 GHz with 512Mb LPDDR2, 1 usb2, 1 hdmi, 1 micro usb 5V 2A - no ethernet - 
2019 Raspberry Pi Compute Module 3+ CM3+ - Broadcom BCM2837B0 1.2Ghz, Cortex-A53 (ARMv8) 64-bit SoC on DDR2 SODIMM mechanically compatible only factor - IO board required 
     1Gb DDR2 and 8GB, 16GB, 32GB or a Lite variant without eMMC 
2021 Pi zero 2 (w or no W) RP3A0 quad 1GHz Cortex-A53 64bit BCM2710A1 512mB SDRam 
2025 edaTEC CM0 ED-CM0NANA with additional dev board with quad 1Ghz A53 with 512Mb Raysan RAM, 2 USB2 and 10/100 ethernet - pico castellated edge
 

2019 Pi 4 Model B v1.1 RPI4B - BCM2711B0T quad 64bit A72 1.5GHz, 4K VideoCore VI, AC wifi, Bluetooth 5.0, GbE Broadcom BCM54213PE (PHY ID 0x600d84a2), 2 micro hdmi decode up to 4K, USB-C 5.1V 3A power, 2xVLI VL805 USB 3, 2xUSB 2.0, 2GB 9LDWW D9WHZ or 4GB 9FDWW D9WHV, 8GB 0AA47 D9ZCL ddr4 ram 
2020 Silent Pi 4 v1.2 upgrade with more USB-c psu support 
2020 PI400 BCM2711C0T 1.8GHz 4Gb DDR4 inside keyboard, 5.1V 5A 27W usb-c psu, 2 micro hdmi, external ide style 40pin gpio, no audio port - 
2020 Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4 BCM2711B0T on new 55mm x 40mm 2x100 pin form factor with extra breakout IO board 
     CM4101000 1Gb RAM Lite SOM 
     CM4102000 2GB RAM Lite 
     CM4104000 4GB RAM Lite 
     CM4004008-4GB-RAM 8GB-EMMC SOM System on Modules 
     CM4104032 4GB RAM 32GB emmc 
     CM4108000 8GB RAM Lite 
     CM4008016 8GB RAM 16Gb eMMc
2021 Raspberry Pi SC0763 Compute Module 4S CM4S with ddr2 sodimm pinouts but not electrically the same with suitable IO board extra cost - 
     CM4S01000 1GB RAM Lite
     CM4S01008 1GB RAM 8GB eMMC Flash
     CM4S02000 2GB RAM Lite
     CM4S04000 4GB RAM Lite
     CM4S04016 4GB RAM 16Gb KLMAG1JETD-B041 
     CM4S08000 8GB RAM Lite 
2021 Pi 4 v1.4 BCM2711B1 upgraded power regulator, to deal with 8gig of ram being more power hungry 
2021-48 Raspberry Pi 4 model B v1.5 2GB 


2023 Pi 5 v1.0 BCM2712 Quad A76 @2.4Ghz - VideoCore VII - no audio socket - dual 4k from mini hdmi - fan connector - 5.1V 5A psu 
2024 Pi 5 2GB DDR4 version uses BCM2712D0 
2024 Pi-500 with 8Gb LPDDR5 and membrane keyboard 
2024 Pi 5 v1.1 
2024 Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5 CM5 BCM2712 55mm x 40mm form factor with additional IO board 
     CM5004000 04GB RAM 0GB eMMC Lite
     CM5008000 08GB RAM 0GB eMMC Lite
     CM5016000 16GB RAM 0GB eMMC Lite
2025 Pi-500+ with 256GB NVMe storage, 16GB LPDDR4 RAM, and Gateron KS-33 Low Profile Blue mechanical keyboard switches 
2025 Pi5 1GB DDR4 announced 


2022 PiOS linux goes 64bit 
2024 Pi Trading IPO stockmarket stock exchange listing 


2026 April and May Aros 64bit fixed, added AHI audio, VC4 gfx started, usb functions added to rom  
2026 June and July Aros 64bit usb2otg started, dma.resource, sdio.resource, bwfm.device wifi added 
2026 Late July daily 64bit Pi3 LE little endian builds start 
2026 August Pi 4, 400, 5 and 500 DTBs added, expanding existing support and wifi for Pi4 and Pi5 
2026 August Pi5 HAT+ nvme and HDMI, AHI RPiI2S added, Pi4 HVS5 video scaler started, 
2026 
2027 


2028 Pi 6 
&lt;/pre&gt;


The vcgencmd can be used to inspect and dump the current system configuration. 
vcgencmd runs on top of VCHIQ as an RPC. The mailbox interface is an alternate but much simpler RPC. 
VCHIQ is a bridge (queue) between the CPU and the GPU so they can communicate with the firmware. 

Loads of [https://github.com/6by9/rpi3-gpiovirtbuf/blob/master/rpi3-gpiovirtbuf.c mailbox] which uses the GPIO control calls. [https://github.com/raspberrypi/firmware/wiki/Mailboxes may also be of interest] 

A fair number of vcgencmd examples (search for vc_vchi_gencmd_init). [https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?t=229203#p1406112 sends the relevant vcgencmd commands] to update the scaling kernel, but the [https://github.com/raspberrypi/userland/blob/master/host_applications/linux/apps/gencmd/gencmd.c command] is just a text string. Parsing and execution of the instructions is performed by the VideoCore firmware. 

The Raspberry Pi runs two separate operating systems: Linux/Aros on the ARM, and a threedx RTOS called vcos running on the Videocore 4 VPU: vcos is commonly called &quot;the firmware&quot;. Vcos is tasked with performing certain system services, for example running the display and audio outputs. The VCHI driver provides an interface to allow drivers to talk to vcos. 


Doubtful, on any [https://www.web3d.org/ Web3d] [https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/WebGL_API WebGL] or [https://github.com/immersive-web/webxr WebXR] [https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/WebXR_Device_API Device API] [https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/XRInputSource XRInputSource] support. Hopefully, never/limited support features like location, peer-to-peer, invasive web apps, unwarranted storage, payments, proprietary video streaming etc 

*spreadsheet [https://git.sheetjs.com/sheetjs/sheetjs sheetjs] [https://github.com/mleibman/SlickGrid SlickGrid javascript] [https://github.com/6pac/SlickGrid SlickGrid typescript] [https://github.com/jspreadsheet/ce jspreadsheet ce] probably without xlsx support 
*presentations [https://github.com/impress/impress.js/ impress.js simplified] [https://github.com/bwlewis/slides slides] [https://zenomt.github.io/mdslides/ github markdown slides] [https://github.com/Patternslib/slides Patternslib slides markdown] probably without pptx support 
*ai office [https://github.com/dream-num/univer/ univer], [https://github.com/dream-num/Luckysheet Luckysheet] [https://github.com/ruilisi/fortune-sheet fortune-sheet] 
*weather [https://github.com/Himanshu3412/Weather-Forecast Weather Forecast], [https://github.com/kaushalsahu07/weather weather needs API key], 


==Future==


[https://github.com/ARMSX2/ARMSX2 Arm pi of pcsx2], [https://github.com/Joshua-Riek/armbian-build Linux Armbian builds for old mobile devices], [], 


[https://tube.cadence.moe/ Cloudtube], [https://github.com/TeamPiped/documentation/blob/main/content/docs/public-instances/index.md TeamPiped], [], [], [], 

[https://hyperpipe.codeberg.page/ hyperpipe], [https://ytify.pp.ua/ ytify], [], [], 

[ ytdl], [https://github.com/golddominik893/liberatube liberatube]

[https://git.lolcat.ca/lolcat/4get 4get], [https://github.com/hnhx/librex librex], [], [], 


{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>8ywg0ex2khm18bi1rnldggw2zvro486</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Using Wikibooks/Starting a New Book</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>409662</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4680016</id>
      <parentid>4634052</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-04T17:16:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>~2026-58643-30</username>
        <id>3630415</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Undid revision by sockpuppet made to evade global bans</comment>
      <origin>4680016</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="310" sha1="o2bqv9bxn08kx2vmlsd1pf89ic8sfo1" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{Using Wikibooks/Page}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;
''Note: this page is transcluded from [[Help:Contributing#Starting a book]]''
{{#section:Help:Contributing|Starting}}
&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Chapter navigation with TOC|Class Project Guidelines|Contributing To An Existing Wikibook|TOC mini}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;ebenezer magician</text>
      <sha1>o2bqv9bxn08kx2vmlsd1pf89ic8sfo1</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4680022</id>
      <parentid>4680016</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-04T17:25:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Codename Noreste</username>
        <id>3441010</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[WB:REVERT|Reverted]] edit by [[Special:Contributions/~2026-58643-30|~2026-58643-30]] ([[User talk:~2026-58643-30|talk]]) to last version by Stryn</comment>
      <origin>3682242</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="293" sha1="mywxh6ctbwqbaoztky9toy7vqdc1k6n" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{Using Wikibooks/Page}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;
''Note: this page is transcluded from [[Help:Contributing#Starting a book]]''
{{#section:Help:Contributing|Starting}}
&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Chapter navigation with TOC|Class Project Guidelines|Contributing To An Existing Wikibook|TOC mini}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>mywxh6ctbwqbaoztky9toy7vqdc1k6n</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Exercise as it relates to Disease/Children’s overall fitness in relation to their exercise behaviour and body composition</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>418673</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4680116</id>
      <parentid>3738702</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-05T06:09:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>~2026-59003-78</username>
        <id>3630468</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Better draw</comment>
      <origin>4680116</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="11113" sha1="64xtw8yv1yeq5a4cog4qz265tlkz52e" xml:space="preserve">This is an analysis of the journal article &quot;Physical fitness of primary school children in relation to overweight prevalence and physical activity habits&quot;. &lt;ref&gt;Sacchetti, R., Ceciliani, A., Garulli, A., Masotti, A., Poletti, G., Beltrami, P., &amp; Leoni, E. (2012). Physical fitness of primary school children in relation to overweight prevalence and physical activity habits. Journal of sports sciences, 30(7), 633-640.&lt;/ref&gt;

== What is the background to this research? ==

Many research studies have shown the prevalence of overweight or obese children has risen progressively in not only South Western European Countries, but also worldwide.&lt;ref&gt;Jackson-Leach, R. and Lobstein, T. 2006. Estimated burden of pediatric obesity and co-morbidities in Europe. Part 1. The increase in the prevalence of child obesity in Europe is itself increasing. International Journal of Pediatric Obesity, 1: 26–32.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Janssen, I., Katzmarzyk, P. T., Boyce, W. F., Vereecken, C., Mulvihill, C. and Roberts, C. 2005. Comparison of overweight and obesity prevalence in school-aged youth from 34 countries and their relationships with physical activity and dietary patterns. Obesity Reviews, 6: 123–132.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Lobstein, T. and Millstone, E. 2007. Context for the PorGrow study: Europe's obesity crisis. Obesity Reviews, 8: 7–16.&lt;/ref&gt; Italy ranks among the highest in relation to prevalence of excess weight in the age ranges 7–11 years and 13–17 years.&lt;ref&gt;International Obesity Task Force. EU Platform on Diet, Physical Activity and Health. Obesity in Europe EU Platform Briefing Paper. Brussels: European Association for the Study of Obesity.&lt;/ref&gt; It is a concerning trend that could see as many as 254 million children considered obese worldwide in 2030.&lt;ref&gt;Kelly, T., Yang, W., Chen, C. S., Reynolds, K., &amp; He, J. (2008). Global burden of obesity in 2005 and projections to 2030. International journal of obesity, 32(9), 1431-1437.&lt;/ref&gt;

This particular research analysed the main conditioning and coordinative abilities in Italian children aged 8-9 years, and their relationship with anthropometric variables and physical activity habits. Evidently studies like these are important for understanding the imperative of getting children active, while potentiating the many positive impacts of consistent sport and physical activity participation.

== Where is the research from? ==
The research was conducted in the Central Northern Province of Italy from a total of 521 students, all aged 8-9 years old in the third grade. There was 256 boys and 241 girls who participated in the study. 
Each of the researchers were a part of the Local Health Unit of Bologna in the Department of Public Health Italy and have a vast experience in the public health field.

== What kind of research was this? ==
[[File:Hierarchy of Evidence-en.svg|thumb|The evidence from cross-sectional studies is weaker than evidence from most other study designs.]]

The study was cross sectional - a type of observational study whereby the investigator measures the outcome and the exposures in the study participants at the same time.&lt;ref&gt;Setia, M. S. (2016). Methodology series module 3: Cross-sectional studies. Indian journal of dermatology, 61(3), 261&lt;/ref&gt;

These studies are fast, inexpensive and don't require participants based on the outcome status (case control) or the exposure status (cohort). They have also been shown to be a useful tool for public health planning, monitoring and evaluation. Other study designs however have been better shown to highlight causal relationships - simply when one event causes another.&lt;ref&gt;Daly, J., Willis, K., Small, R., Green, J., Welch, N., Kealy, M., &amp; Hughes, E. (2007). A hierarchy of evidence for assessing qualitative health research. Journal of clinical epidemiology, 60(1), 43-49.&lt;/ref&gt; There are also studies such as systematic reviews and meta analyses that obtain evidence from a range of papers to yield overall conclusions.&lt;ref&gt;Khan, K. S., Kunz, R., Kleijnen, J., &amp; Antes, G. (2003). Five steps to conducting a systematic review. Journal of the royal society of medicine, 96(3), 118-121.&lt;/ref&gt;

This means that the evidence in cross sectional studies like this one does vary and the strength of evidence presented is weaker than most other study designs.

== What did the research involve? ==
The research was extensive and required each participant to perform three different assessments. 

'''1. Physical Activity Questionnaire'''

Firstly, participants were required to undertake a self-administered physical activity questionnaire to collect general variables regarding their physical activity and sport participation habits in different settings and times of the day. By virtue of the questionnaire being self-administered, accuracy and validity can be compromised as most individuals tend to overestimate their physical activity levels.

'''2. Anthropometric Assessment (body composition)'''

Following the physical activity questionnaire, each participant had their height and weight measured to provide a measurement for body mass index (BMI). Despite the lack of consensus on the use of BMI in growing children, this index represents one of the most appropriate methods to assess adiposity in childhood and it is largely used at an international level.&lt;ref&gt;Brunet, M., Chaput, J. P. and Tremblay, A. 2007. The association between low physical fitness and high body mass index or waist circumference is increasing with age children: The “Quebec en Forme” project. International Journal of Obesity, 31: 637–643.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Castro-Piñero, J., Gonzáles-Montezinos, J. L., Mora, J., Keating, X. D., Girela-Rejón, M. J., Sjöström, M. and Ruiz, J. R. 2009. Percentile values for muscular strength field tests in children aged 6 to 17 years: Influence of weight status. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 23: 2295–2310&lt;/ref&gt; There is conflicting research, particularly in young boys that suggests BMI is not feasible as many boys gain weight in the form of muscle rather than fat.&lt;ref&gt;Telford RD et al. (2018). BMI is a misleading proxy for adiposity in longitudinal studies with adolescent males: the Australian LOOK study. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. Ahead of print&lt;/ref&gt; 

'''3. Physical Fitness Assessment''' 

Finally, participants completed a range of physical assessments targeting all components of fitness to get a holistic interpretation of their overall physical fitness levels. The tests included in the study were the standing long jump, 2kg medicine ball throw, 20 metre dash, sit and reach and forward roll.

== What were the basic results? ==
[[File:Physical Fitness and BMI correlations.png|thumb|Children in the 'Normal Weight' category outperformed those in the 'Overweight' and 'Obese' categories.]]

Each of the relationships (sport participation, physical activity levels and body composition) and their impact on the fitness testing results are summarised below.

'''Sport Participation'''

The fitness testing results and their relationship with the self-reported physical activity questionnaire were anticipated. In general, those who reported regular sport participation had a better overall fitness base than those who did not, especially among boys.

'''Physical Activity Levels''' 

Those who reported to live moderate to moderately active lifestyles performed superior to those who reported as either sedentary or very sedentary. Significant statistical differences were seen in the long jump, 20 metre dash and medicine ball throw tests.

'''Body Composition'''

In relation to body composition, the children categorised in the normal weight category outperformed the overweight and obese children in all tests apart from the 2kg medicine ball throw. Statistically significant differences were seen in the 20-metre dash and the standing long jump, arguably the most physically demanding tests undertaken. The relationship between body composition and physical fitness is tabulated above.

== What conclusions should be taken away from this research? ==
The study is consistent with similar research and reveals that children who can retain consistent sport and exercise habits, while maintaining a healthy weight are fitter and therefore more physically competent. 

Several conclusions can be drawn from what the research reveals, including:

'''1.''' As the obesity trend continues to increase worldwide, particularly in developed countries, the use of fitness tests which are easy to apply in any school context should be implemented. This will be important within primary schools as a means to identify pupils with a low fitness level and to promote a healthy lifestyle.

'''2.''' The need for enforced statutory requirements to meet guidelines and encourage children’s physical activity and education is apparent across the world. Physical education should be prioritised equally with STEM subjects and by creating regular opportunities for physical activity participation in schools, children can stay active and create vital exercise habits into adulthood. Accessibility to positive physical activity experiences is essential as it is well known that if children are able to positively associate with physical activity from a young age, sound exercise habits can be maintained throughout the lifespan.&lt;ref&gt;Fisher, A., Reilly, J. J., Kelly, L. A., Montgomery, C., Williamson, A., Paton, J. Y., &amp; Grant, S. (2005). Fundamental movement skills and habitual physical activity in young children. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 37(4), 684-688.&lt;/ref&gt;

'''3.''' Future research will need to utilise more accurate ‘gold standard’ measures (i.e. skinfolds, DEXA scan) to get a more precise representation of the relationship between body composition and physical fitness. The use of pedometers and other implements to measure physical activity habits should also be considered to remove any personal biases that arise from self reported methods.

== Practical advice ==

The study highlights that the obesity trend is worsening, meaning it is paramount to get children involved in physical activity from a young age to promote weight control and sound exercise habits moving into adulthood. The amount of children participating in physical activity is largely dependent on parental influence and the emphasis of physical activity and education in schools. 

This connotes that both parties, along with sporting organisations need to be collaborative and provide children with ample opportunity to get physically educated and stay active. Failure to do this will result in a continually worsening obesity trend that will eventually increase the amount of premature mortality's and costs arising from physical inactivity.

== Further reading ==
Italy physical activity fact sheet available at: https://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/288267/ITALY-Physical-Activity-Factsheet.pdf?ua=1

World Health Organisations (WHO) physical activity guidelines for children aged 5-17 available at: https://www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/factsheet_young_people/en/

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

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    <title>Exercise as it relates to Disease/Does aerobic exercise improve quality of life in people with multiple sclerosis?</title>
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        <username>~2026-59003-78</username>
        <id>3630468</id>
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      <comment>Better draw</comment>
      <origin>4680117</origin>
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      <text bytes="17481" sha1="fmp9gz2f8y4h71zovxgzw1m7tgjc7l6" xml:space="preserve">This is a critique of the article &quot;[https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ana.410390405?sid=nlm%3Apubmed Impact of aerobic training on fitness and quality of life in multiple sclerosis]&quot; by Petajan et al., published in 1996.&lt;ref name=&quot;main&quot;&gt;JH. Petajan, E Gappmaier, AT. White, MK. Spencer, L Mino, and RW. Hicks. Impact of Aerobic Training on Fitness and Quality of Life in Multiple Sclerosis. Published 1996. Available from: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ana.410390405?sid=nlm%3Apubmed&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Symptoms of multiple sclerosis.png|250px|thumb|Symptoms of multiple sclerosis]]
== What is the background to this research? ==

{{w|Multiple sclerosis}} (MS) is an incurable {{w|autoimmune disease}} that effects the {{w|central nervous system}}. In MS, the person's {{w|immune system}} attacks their nerves, damaging the {{w|myelin}} sheath (fatty outer layer) of the nerve cells and causing scarring.&lt;ref name=&quot;wow&quot;&gt;Brain Foundation. Multiple Sclerosis. Reviewed 2018. Available from: https://brainfoundation.org.au/disorders/multiple-sclerosis/&lt;/ref&gt; This causes the nerves to not work properly, resulting in symptoms such as poor {{w|motor control}}, pain, heat dissipation problems, muscle weakness, cognitive issues, and {{w|mental health}} problems.&lt;ref name=&quot;woah&quot;&gt;MS Australia. Symptoms. Published n.d. Available from: https://www.msaustralia.org.au/about-ms/symptoms&lt;/ref&gt; Exercise can improve {{w|cognition}},&lt;ref name=&quot;A&quot;&gt;YK Chang, JD Labban, JI Gapin, JL Etnier. The effects of acute exercise on cognitive performance: A meta-analysis. Published 2012. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2012.02.068&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;B&quot;&gt;H Cai, G Li, S Hua, Y Liu, L Chen. Effect of exercise on cognitive function in chronic disease patients: a meta-analysis and systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Published 2017. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5436795/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;C&quot;&gt;JM Northey, N Cherbuin, KL Pumpa, DJ Smee, B Rattray. Exercise interventions for cognitive function in adults older than 50: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Published 2017. Available from: https://bjsm.bmj.com/content/52/3/154&lt;/ref&gt; mental health&lt;ref name=&quot;D&quot;&gt;S Rosenbaum, A Tiedemann, C Sherrington, J Curtis, PB Ward. Physical Activity Interventions for People With Mental Illness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Published 2014. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24813261/&lt;/ref&gt; and {{w|quality of life}}&lt;ref name=&quot;E&quot;&gt;M Dauwan, MJH. Begemann, MIE. Slot, EHM. Lee, P Scheltens, IEC. Sommer. Physical exercise improves quality of life, depressive symptoms, and cognition across chronic brain disorders: a transdiagnostic systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Published 2019. Available from: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00415-019-09493-9&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;F&quot;&gt;MD Chen, JH Rimmer. Effects of Exercise on Quality of Life in Stroke Survivors. Published 2011. Available from: https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/STROKEAHA.110.607747&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;G&quot;&gt;LM.Buffartab, J Kaltera, MG.Sweegers, KS Courney, RU Newton, NK Aaronson, PB Jacobsen, AN May, DA Galvão, MJ Chinapaw, K Steindorf, ML Irwin, MM Stuiver, S Hayes, KA Griffith, A Lucia, I Mesters, E Weert, H Knoop, MM Goedendorp, N Mutrie, AJ Daley, A McConnachie, M Bohus, L Thorsen, K Schulzy, CE Short, EL James, RC Plotnikoff, G Arbane, ME Schmidt, K Potthoff, M Beurden, HS Oldenburg, GS Sonke, WH Hartene, R Garrod, KH Schmitz, KM Winters-Stone, MJ Velthuis, DR Taaffe, W Mechelen, M Kersten, F Nollet, J Wenzel, J Wiskemann, IM Verdonck-de Leeuw, J Brug. Effects and moderators of exercise on quality of life and physical function in patients with cancer: An individual patient data meta-analysis of 34 RCTs. Published 2017. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305737216301359&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;H&quot;&gt;SR Cramer, DC Nieman, JW Lee. The effects of moderate exercise training on psychological well-being and mood state in women. Published 1990. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/002239999190039Q&lt;/ref&gt; in many populations. However, at the time of this study, the safety, and effects of moderate-intensity {{w|aerobic exercise}} in people with MS had not been well researched.&lt;ref name=&quot;main&quot; /&gt;

Multiple sclerosis effects more than two million people worldwide.&lt;ref name=&quot;wow&quot; /&gt; Given that MS is incurable, highly prevalent and can significantly affect quality of life, it is incredibly important to find ways to manage MS symptoms.

== Where is the research from? ==

This research was conducted in the USA. The study was supported by a grant from the [https://www.nationalmssociety.org/ National Multiple Sclerosis Society]. The study also involved two fellowships from the Jimmie Heuga Center,&lt;ref name=&quot;main&quot; /&gt; now known as [https://www.cando-ms.org/about-can-do-ms/about/founder Can Do Multiple Sclerosis].

The article was published in “[https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/15318249 Annals of Neurology]”, which is a high-quality, peer-reviewed journal. Annals of Neurology is ranked 6th out of 378 neurology journals.&lt;ref name=&quot;an&quot;&gt;Scimago Journal and Country Rank. Neurology Journal Rankings. Published 2019. Available from: https://www.scimagojr.com/journalrank.php?category=2728&lt;/ref&gt; This ranking is based on the number of citations the journals have and the journal's prestige.

The lead author of this paper, [https://healthcare.utah.edu/publicaffairs/news/archive/2005/news_21.php#:~:text=6%3A00%20PM-,Jack,Petajan%2C%20M.D.%2C%20Ph.&amp;text=Petajan%20came%20to%20the%20University,teacher%20throughout%20his%20long%20career. Jack H. Petajan], was a highly regarded {{w|neurology}} researcher, with over 30 years of experience.&lt;ref name=&quot;jack&quot;&gt;The University of Utah. Internationally regarded U of U Neurologist, Jack H Petajan, dies of cancer. Published 2005. Available from: https://healthcare.utah.edu/publicaffairs/news/archive/2005/news_21.php#:~:text=6%3A00%20PM-,Jack,Petajan%2C%20M.D.%2C%20Ph.&amp;text=Petajan%20came%20to%20the%20University,teacher%20throughout%20his%20long%20career.&lt;/ref&gt; Petajan has over 100 publications in this field and an {{w|h-index}} of 28, which is considered very good.&lt;ref name=&quot;papers&quot;&gt;Semantic Scholar. J. Petajan. Published n.d. Available from: https://www.semanticscholar.org/author/J.-Petajan/3510711&lt;/ref&gt; The other main authors were less established at the time of publication, but also have an interest in MS.&lt;ref name=&quot;bob&quot;&gt;ResearchGate. Eduard Gappmaier. Published n.d. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Eduard_Gappmaier&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;white&quot;&gt;University of Utah. Andrew T White, PHD. Published n.d. Available from: https://faculty.utah.edu/u0029740-ANDREA_T_WHITE,_PhD/hm/index.hml&lt;/ref&gt;

==What kind of research was this? ==
[[File:Hierarchy of Evidence-en.svg|350px|thumb|right|Hierarchy of evidence, with RCTs above other original, primary research methods.]]
This study is {{w|hierachy of evidence|level 1 evidence}}&lt;ref name=&quot;evidence&quot;&gt;PB Burns, RJ Rohrich, KC Chung. The Levels of Evidence and their role in Evidence-Based Medicine. Published 2012. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3124652/&lt;/ref&gt; and a {{w|randomized control trial}} (RCT). RCT's involve randomly assigning participants to either a non-intervention, “{{w|treatment and control groups|control}}” group or an intervention group. After the intervention, the groups are compared to see if the intervention had a significant effect. RCTs are considered the best primary original research method for finding {{w|causality}}.&lt;ref name=&quot;RCT&quot;&gt;E Hariton, JJ Locascio. Randomised controlled trials—the gold standard for effectiveness research. Published 2018. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.15199&lt;/ref&gt;

== What did the research involve? ==

The study involved 46 inactive adults with MS. They each had a {{w|Expanded Disability Status Scale|Kurtzke Expanded Disability Status Scale}} score of ≤6 (indicating mild-moderate disability) and no other conditions that prevented them from exercising. The participants were randomly assigned to either a control group or an exercise group. The control group did not change their exercise habits during the study. The exercise group completed 15 weeks of supervised, moderate-intensity (60% {{w|VO2 max|VO2max}}) aerobic exercise. The exercise was completed three times per week and went for 40 minutes each session,&lt;ref name=&quot;main&quot; /&gt; which is sufficient for producing a training response.&lt;ref name=&quot;bing&quot;&gt;HJA Foulds, SSD Bredin, SA Charlesworth, AC Ivey, DER Warburton. Exercise volume and intensity: a dose–response relationship with health benefits. Published 2014. Available from: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00421-014-2887-9&lt;/ref&gt; Physical, {{w|psychosocial}} and {{w|psychology|psychological}} measurements were taken before, during and after the intervention.&lt;ref name=&quot;main&quot; /&gt;

=== Research Strengths ===
* Randomized control trial.
* The neurologist conducting the disability tests did not know participants’ groups, which helps remove {{w|bias}}.&lt;ref name=&quot;bias&quot;&gt;SJ Day, DG Altman. Blinding in clinical trials and other studies. Published 2000. Available from: https://www.bmj.com/content/321/7259/504&lt;/ref&gt;
* Objective exercise intensity was adjusted as VO2max improved. This was necessary to maintain relative exercise intensity at 60% of VO2max for the duration of the study, since VO2max can change significantly in a few weeks of training.&lt;ref name=&quot;vo3&quot;&gt;AA Delextrat, S Warner, S Graham, E Neupert. An 8-Week Exercise Intervention Based on Zumba Improves Aerobic Fitness and Psychological Well-Being in Healthy Women. Published 2016. Available from: https://journals.humankinetics.com/view/journals/jpah/13/2/article-p131.xml&lt;/ref&gt;
* Adherence was excellent.
* The supervised training may have increased adherence and correct exercise performance.&lt;ref name=&quot;bop&quot;&gt;C Fennell, K Peroutky, EL Glickman. Effects of Supervised Training Compared to Unsupervised Training on Physical Activity, Muscular Endurance, and Cardiovascular Parameters. Published 2016. Available from: http://medcraveonline.com/MOJOR/MOJOR-05-00184.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Research Limitations ===
* {{w|Blinded experiment|Non-blinded}} participants and the use of self-report questionnaires increases the likelihood of bias.&lt;ref name=&quot;bias&quot; /&gt;
* Different exercise testing protocols were used based upon the participants’ work capacity. The {{w|validity (statistics)|validity}}, {{w|accuracy and precision|accuracy}} and comparability of these tests was not determined. This means variation within the results may have occurred due to varying validity and accuracy of testing protocols.
* External MS treatments the participants may have been receiving were not considered. External treatments should have been accounted for between the two groups, to prevent {{w|confounding}}.&lt;ref name=&quot;conf&quot;&gt;PM Spieth, AS Kubasch, AI Penzlin, BM Illigens, K Barlinn, T Siepmann. Randomized controlled trials – a matter of design. Published 2016. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4910682/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;sympt&quot;&gt;O Kargiotis, A Paschali, L Messinis, P Papathanasopoulos. Quality of life in multiple sclerosis: Effects of current treatment options. Published 2010. Available from: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.3109/09540261003589521&lt;/ref&gt;
* The rate of symptom exacerbation was too small to determine whether there were significant differences in symptom exacerbation between the control group and the exercise group.&lt;ref name=&quot;main&quot; /&gt;
* The exercise intervention was completed in small groups. Strong social connection is associated with increased mental wellbeing in people with multiple sclerosis.&lt;ref name=&quot;group&quot;&gt;JRH Wakefield, S Bickley, F Sani. The effects of identification with a support group on the mental health of people with multiple sclerosis. Published 2013. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2013.02.002&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;groupy&quot;&gt;JD Crawford, GP McIvor. Group psychotherapy: Benefits in multiple sclerosis. Published 1985. Available from: https://www.archives-pmr.org/article/0003-9993(85)90233-3/abstract&lt;/ref&gt; This makes it impossible to distinguish whether the psychological benefits observed in this study were due to the social connection the intervention group experienced or the exercise itself.

== What were the basic results? ==
=== Important results from this study include ===
* No significant changes in the Expanded Disability Status Scale or Incapacity Status Scale throughout the intervention.
* VO2max, physical work capacity and strength increased significantly in the exercise group but not the control group.
* Improved depression, anger, fatigue, social interaction, and emotional behavior in exercise group but not the control group.
* Exercise group significantly improved their [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Sickness_Impact_Profile_(SIP) Sickness Impact Profile] score in the physical dimension (i.e. improved ambulation, mobility, and body care and movement).
* Positive correlations were found between changes in VO2max and improved physical and psychological scores in several assessments.&lt;ref name=&quot;main&quot; /&gt;

The implications of these results were slightly overstated, given the limitations of this study. However, each of the implications proposed by the researchers is supported by the data they collected, so there is moderate evidence for their conclusions.

== What conclusions can we take from this research? ==

Overall, this study provides modest evidence that moderate-intensity aerobic exercise, performed in small groups can benefit the physical, social and psychological health of people with mild-to-moderate MS. These findings are supported by more recent research.&lt;ref name=&quot;bola&quot;&gt;E Tarakci, I Yeldan, BE Huseyinsinoglu, Y Zenginler, M Eraksoy. Group exercise training for balance, functional status, spasticity, fatigue and quality of life in multiple sclerosis: a randomized controlled trial. Published 2013. Available  from: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0269215513481047&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;meta1&quot;&gt;RW Motl, JL Gosney. Effect of exercise training on quality of life in multiple sclerosis: a meta-analysis. Published 2008. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/1352458507080464&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;meta2&quot;&gt;ME Platta, I Ensari, RW Motl, LA Pilutti. Effect of Exercise Training on Fitness in Multiple Sclerosis: A Meta-Analysis. Published 2016. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2016.01.023&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;meta3&quot;&gt;EM Snook, RW Motl. Effect of Exercise Training on Walking Mobility in Multiple Sclerosis: A Meta-Analysis. Published 2008. Available from: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1545968308320641&lt;/ref&gt; Exercising at an intensity that improves aerobic fitness may be particularly beneficial, considering the association between maximum oxygen uptake increases and psychological improvements. However, further investigation is needed to understand this relationship better. It also remains unclear how much influence the exercise group's social interaction had on the results. However, newer research suggests exercise improves quality of life in people with MS, even when social support is accounted for.&lt;ref name=&quot;control&quot;&gt;RW Motl, E McAuley, EM Snook. Physical activity and quality of life in multiple sclerosis: Possible roles of social support, self-efficacy, and functional limitations. Published 2007. Available from: http://dx.doi.org.ezproxy.canberra.edu.au/10.1037/0090-5550.52.2.143&lt;/ref&gt;
This study suggests that moderate-intensity exercise is probably a safe treatment for managing MS symptoms in most people. However, whether exercise increases the risk of symptom exacerbation was unclear. Recent research has confirmed the low risk of symptom exacerbation from aerobic exercise in people with MS.&lt;ref name=&quot;safe&quot;&gt;LA Pilutti, ME Platta, RW Motl, AE Latimer-Cheung. The safety of exercise training in multiple sclerosis: A systematic review. Published 2014. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2014.05.016&lt;/ref&gt;

== Practical advice ==

People with MS should be encouraged to regularly engage in moderate-intensity, aerobic exercise. Exercising three times per week, for 40 minutes each session is sufficient to improve physical, psychological and social wellbeing in this population.
Guidelines for exercising with MS are available from the [https://www.nchpad.org/ National Center on Health, Physical Activity and Disability]. 
Exercise programming for people with MS should consider the individual's symptoms (e.g. motor control and heat dissipation) to keep the exercise safe and enjoyable. Individuals with MS should consult a doctor or [https://www.essa.org.au/Public/Consumer_Information/What_is_an_Accredited_Exercise_Physiologist_.aspx exercise physiologist] before starting a new exercise regime.

== Further information/resources ==
For further information please visit the websites below:

* Exercising with MS information, guidance and barriers:  https://www.msaustralia.org.au/living-with-ms/expert-blog/exercise-and-ms
* Exercising with MS tips, activities and demonstration videos: https://www.nationalmssociety.org/Living-Well-With-MS/Diet-Exercise-Healthy-Behaviors/Exercise
* Guidelines for exercising with MS: https://www.nchpad.org/70/520/Multiple~Sclerosis

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
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      <comment>Better draw</comment>
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      <text bytes="10964" sha1="kcy0aiwm45zzwn3u9m28ztgvm817fie" xml:space="preserve">This is a critical analysis on the article from the Multiple Sclerosis Journal, “Randomized controlled trial of a
behavioral intervention targeting symptoms and physical activity in multiple sclerosis.” &lt;ref name=&quot;Pilutti&quot;&gt;Pilutti, L., Dlugonski, D., Sandroff, B., Klaren, R., &amp; Motl, R. (2013). Randomized controlled trial of a behavioral intervention targeting symptoms and physical activity in multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis Journal, 20(5), 594-601.&lt;/ref&gt;

== What is the background to this research? ==

[[File:Multiple Sclerosis.png|451x600px|right|thumb|Healthy neuron compared to damaged neuron in multiple sclerosis,
Author: BruceBlaus]]

{{w|Multiple sclerosis}} (MS) is a disease of the {{w|central nervous system}}, in which the {{w|immune system}} attacks {{w|myelin}}, the protective sheath that covers nerve fibres.&lt;ref name=&quot;mayo&quot;&gt;https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/multiple-sclerosis/symptoms-causes/syc-20350269&lt;/ref&gt; This means MS patients are not able to drive active motor units at high firing frequencies, resulting in impaired muscle activation and lower limb {{w|strength}}.&lt;ref name=&quot;Fimland&quot;&gt;Fimland, M., Helgerud, J., Gruber, M., Leivseth, G., &amp; Hoff, J. (2010). Enhanced neural drive after maximal strength training in multiple sclerosis patients. European Journal Of Applied Physiology, 110(2), 435-443.&lt;/ref&gt;

When it comes to using {{w|exercise}} training as a form of {{w|therapy}} for people suffering with multiple sclerosis, there is already a wide range of studies that have found supervised training results in improved {{w|fitness}}, {{w|fatigue}}, {{w|depression}}, mobility, and health-related quality of life in MS patients.&lt;ref name=&quot;Motl&quot;&gt;Motl RW and Pilutti LA. The benefits of exercise training in multiple sclerosis. Nat Rev Neurol 2012; 8: 487–497.&lt;/ref&gt; Although these are positive findings, it has also been found that people with multiple sclerosis are not simply not participating in sufficient amounts of this style of exercise training, resulting in the recommended {{w|physical activity}} levels not being met by majority of the MS community.&lt;ref name=&quot;Motl2&quot;&gt;Motl RW, McAuley E and Snook EM. Physical activity and multiple sclerosis: A meta-analysis. Mult Scler 2005; 11: 459–463.&lt;/ref&gt;

This study addresses the promotion of moving away from structured exercise training and instead encouraging engagement in more lifestyle based physical activity,&lt;ref name=&quot;Dunn&quot;&gt;Dunn AL, Andersen RE and Jakicic JM. Lifestyle physical activity interventions. History, short-and long-term effects, and recommendations. Am J Prev Med 1998; 15: 398–412.&lt;/ref&gt; and applying it to the MS community.&lt;ref name=&quot;Motl3&quot;&gt;Motl RW, McAuley E, Wynn D, et al. Lifestyle physical activity and walking impairment over time in relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis: Results from a panel study. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2011; 90: 372–379.&lt;/ref&gt; Lifestyle physical activity involves the daily accumulation of 30 or more minutes of moderate-to-vigorous intensity self-selected activities.&lt;ref name=&quot;Dunn&quot; /&gt; This can include activities that make up every day life such as leisure, household chores, gardening etc.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.nationalmssociety.org/Living-Well-With-MS/Diet-Exercise-Healthy-Behaviors/Exercise&lt;/ref&gt;

== Where is the research from? ==

This research was undertaken in the United States at the University of Illinois. The article was published in the [https://journals.sagepub.com/loi/msj Multiple Sclerosis Journal], a peer reviewed journal which is recognised by the [https://publicationethics.org/ Committee on Publication Ethics], making it a reputable source that focuses on all aspects of multiple sclerosis.

The research was supported by a grant from the [https://www.nationalmssociety.org/ National Multiple Sclerosis Society]. There is no evidence of bias when considering that this is a national, multi-chapter, non-profit organisation. Furthermore, the lead author, Lara A. Pilutto was the recipient of a Postdoctoral Fellowship from the [https://mssociety.ca/about-us Multiple Sclerosis Society of Canada] and a Du Pré Grant from the [https://www.msif.org/about-us/ Multiple Sclerosis International Federation], the international body that links the National MS societies around the world. All of these reputable sponsorship links show no conflict of interest or bias.

Lead author, Professor Lara A Pilutti has 87 publications that focus on the role of exercise in the management and treatment of disability arising from neurological disorders, particularly multiple sclerosis.

== What kind of research was this? ==

[[File:Hierarchy of Evidence-en.svg|337x450px|right|thumb|Hierarchy of Evidence showing the evidence from cross-sectional studies is weaker than evidence from a randomized control trial,
Author: The Logic Of Science]]

This study was a {{w|randomized control trial}}, the gold standard in research when it comes to determining whether a cause-effect relation exists between the trial groups ensuring bias does not impact the results of the treatment.&lt;ref name=&quot;Kendall&quot;&gt;Kendall, J. (2003). Designing a research project: randomised controlled trials and their principles. Emergency Medicine Journal, 20(2), 164-168.&lt;/ref&gt;

There have been many cross-sectional and cohort studies of daily physical activity and it’s outcomes for people with multiple sclerosis, with evidence showing improved quality of life, fatigue and depression as a result of physical activity.&lt;ref name=&quot;Motl&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Motl2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Motl3&quot; /&gt; By examining these outcomes using a randomized control trial, these correlations found in previous studies can be supported by stronger evidence.

== What did the research involve? ==

This study was a 6-month randomized controlled trial using an internet-delivered intervention based on symptomatic, health-related quality of life, and physical activity outcomes in 82 ambulatory persons with multiple sclerosis.&lt;ref name=&quot;Pilutti&quot; /&gt; The initial aim of this trial was to determine the efficacy of using an internet-based intervention for this particular community, which should be considered more important than ever with the current {{w|COVID-19 pandemic}} often placing sufferers of MS into isolation which is exactly where tools like this can be most useful. Once this had been established, the aim was to replicate previous results from other studies encouraging free-living physical activity instead of a structured structured exercise program.

The intervention included:
* A website with information about becoming more physically active
* Self-monitoring and goal setting using a {{w|pedometer}} and activity logs
* One-on-one web-based video coaching sessions.

Intervention Strengths:
* Gold standard randomized control trial
* Duration of 6 months with regular interventions and one-on-one check ins
* Thorough recruitment, baseline and post-trial testing 
* Excellent adherence

Intervention Limitations:
* Relying on participants self-reporting which leaves the potential for personal bias when rating activity levels.

== What were the basic results? ==

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;
|+Post-trial data from intervention 
|-
!  !! Intervention !! SD !! Control !! SD
|-
| '''Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire''' || 27.2 || 3.0 || 13.0 || 3.0
|-
| Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (minutes) || 19.5 || 2.3 || 13.8 || 2.2
|-
|  '''Fatigue Severity Scale''' || 4.6 || 0.2 || 5.4 || 0.2
|-
| Modified Fatigue Impact Scale Total|| 35.7 || 1.8 || 40.5 || 1.8
|-
| Modified Fatigue Impact Scale Physical|| 16.0 || 0.9 || 19.3 || 0.8
|-
| Modified Fatigue Impact Scale Cognitive|| 16.7 || 1.9 || 18.0 || 0.9
|-
| '''Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale - Depression''' || 5.0 || 0.4 || 6.6 || 0.4
|-
| '''Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale - Anxiety''' || 4.1 || 0.4 || 5.6 || 0.4
|-
| McGill Pain Questionnaire || 8.1 || 0.7 || 9.8 || 0.6 
|-
|  Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index || 6.4 || 0.4 || 7.4 || 0.4
|-
| Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale - Physical || 29.1 || 1.5 || 33.2 || 1.5
|-
| Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale - Psychological || 27.6 || 2.4 || 33.1 || 2.3
|-
|}

Most statistically significant differences between the two trial groups post-trial were seen in the measures of
* Leisure Time Exercise
* Fatigue severity 
* Depression and Anxiety

== What conclusions can we take from this research? ==

The primary finding was the significant and positive effect of the intervention on fatigue severity and its physical impact, depression, and anxiety, and increase in self-reported physical activity.

One limitation to these findings is that all results that showed significant improvements were taken from data pulled from self-completed questionnaires and self-reported activity from participants which does present the risk of personal bias.

This suggests that interventions targeting lifestyle physical activity can provide the same benefits as an intervention based on a structured exercise program, promoting the engagement in lifestyle physical activity among the MS community.

== Practical advice ==

People with multiple sclerosis should first consult an allied {{w|health professional}} such as an exercise physiologist and complete and an [https://www.essa.org.au/Public/ABOUT_ESSA/Adult_Pre-Screening_Tool.aspx adult pre-exercise screening] before making any changes to their current physical activity regime as individual symptoms for persons with MS can vary substantially.

Some examples of lifestyle activities a person with MS could include in their day-to-day life to increase physical activity levels are: (depending on severity of symptoms and recommendations from an allied health professional)

* Walking to local shops or walking a pet
* Taking the stairs instead of an elevator
* Gardening
* Chores around the house
* Occupational physical activity
* Cooking

For general recommendations on physical activity and exercising with MS, please see the link below under the further information/resources heading for MS Australia’s guidelines.

== Further information/resources ==

For further information regarding this topic, please see below resources for additional support:

* Information on the disease of Multiple Sclerosis: https://www.msaustralia.org.au/what-ms
* Online community for people affected by Multiple Sclerosis: https://shift.ms/
* Physical activity recommendations for Multiple Sclerosis: https://www.msaustralia.org.au/living-with-ms/expert-blog/exercise-and-ms#:~:text=Choose%20exercise%20that%20you%20enjoy.&amp;text=disabilities%20(4).-,Physical%20Activity%20Guidelines%20for%20adults%20with%20mild%20to%20moderate%20MS,days%20per%20week(5).
* Useful Resources for exercising with Multiple Sclerosis: https://www.nationalmssociety.org/Living-Well-With-MS/Diet-Exercise-Healthy-Behaviors/Exercise
* Articles for the Multiple Sclerosis Community: https://www.gene.com/topics/multiple-sclerosis

== References ==
&lt;references/&gt;

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|{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FBE0|&amp;#x3fbe0;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FBE1|&amp;#x3fbe1;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FBE2|&amp;#x3fbe2;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FBE3|&amp;#x3fbe3;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FBE4|&amp;#x3fbe4;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FBE5|&amp;#x3fbe5;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FBE6|&amp;#x3fbe6;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FBE7|&amp;#x3fbe7;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FBE8|&amp;#x3fbe8;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FBE9|&amp;#x3fbe9;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FBEA|&amp;#x3fbea;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FBEB|&amp;#x3fbeb;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FBEC|&amp;#x3fbec;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FBED|&amp;#x3fbed;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FBEE|&amp;#x3fbee;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FBEF|&amp;#x3fbef;}}
|----- align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;{{18.0}};{{text default color}};&quot;
!style=&quot;background:#ffffff;{{text default color}};&quot;|3FBFx
|{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FBF0|&amp;#x3fbf0;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FBF1|&amp;#x3fbf1;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FBF2|&amp;#x3fbf2;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FBF3|&amp;#x3fbf3;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FBF4|&amp;#x3fbf4;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FBF5|&amp;#x3fbf5;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FBF6|&amp;#x3fbf6;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FBF7|&amp;#x3fbf7;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FBF8|&amp;#x3fbf8;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FBF9|&amp;#x3fbf9;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FBFA|&amp;#x3fbfa;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FBFB|&amp;#x3fbfb;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FBFC|&amp;#x3fbfc;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FBFD|&amp;#x3fbfd;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FBFE|&amp;#x3fbfe;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FBFF|&amp;#x3fbff;}}
|----- style=&quot;background:#ccccff;{{text default color}};&quot;
!U+||0||1||2||3||4||5||6||7||8||9||A||B||C||D||E||F
|----- align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;{{18.0}};{{text default color}};&quot;
!style=&quot;background:#ffffff;{{text default color}};&quot;|3FC0x
|{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC00|&amp;#x3fc00;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC01|&amp;#x3fc01;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC02|&amp;#x3fc02;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC03|&amp;#x3fc03;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC04|&amp;#x3fc04;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC05|&amp;#x3fc05;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC06|&amp;#x3fc06;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC07|&amp;#x3fc07;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC08|&amp;#x3fc08;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC09|&amp;#x3fc09;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC0A|&amp;#x3fc0a;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC0B|&amp;#x3fc0b;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC0C|&amp;#x3fc0c;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC0D|&amp;#x3fc0d;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC0E|&amp;#x3fc0e;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC0F|&amp;#x3fc0f;}}
|----- align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;{{18.0}};{{text default color}};&quot;
!style=&quot;background:#ffffff;{{text default color}};&quot;|3FC1x
|{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC10|&amp;#x3fc10;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC11|&amp;#x3fc11;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC12|&amp;#x3fc12;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC13|&amp;#x3fc13;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC14|&amp;#x3fc14;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC15|&amp;#x3fc15;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC16|&amp;#x3fc16;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC17|&amp;#x3fc17;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC18|&amp;#x3fc18;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC19|&amp;#x3fc19;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC1A|&amp;#x3fc1a;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC1B|&amp;#x3fc1b;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC1C|&amp;#x3fc1c;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC1D|&amp;#x3fc1d;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC1E|&amp;#x3fc1e;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC1F|&amp;#x3fc1f;}}
|----- align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;{{18.0}};{{text default color}};&quot;
!style=&quot;background:#ffffff;{{text default color}};&quot;|3FC2x
|{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC20|&amp;#x3fc20;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC21|&amp;#x3fc21;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC22|&amp;#x3fc22;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC23|&amp;#x3fc23;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC24|&amp;#x3fc24;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC25|&amp;#x3fc25;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC26|&amp;#x3fc26;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC27|&amp;#x3fc27;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC28|&amp;#x3fc28;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC29|&amp;#x3fc29;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC2A|&amp;#x3fc2a;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC2B|&amp;#x3fc2b;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC2C|&amp;#x3fc2c;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC2D|&amp;#x3fc2d;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC2E|&amp;#x3fc2e;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC2F|&amp;#x3fc2f;}}
|----- align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;{{18.0}};{{text default color}};&quot;
!style=&quot;background:#ffffff;{{text default color}};&quot;|3FC3x
|{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC30|&amp;#x3fc30;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC31|&amp;#x3fc31;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC32|&amp;#x3fc32;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC33|&amp;#x3fc33;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC34|&amp;#x3fc34;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC35|&amp;#x3fc35;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC36|&amp;#x3fc36;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC37|&amp;#x3fc37;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC38|&amp;#x3fc38;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC39|&amp;#x3fc39;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC3A|&amp;#x3fc3a;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC3B|&amp;#x3fc3b;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC3C|&amp;#x3fc3c;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC3D|&amp;#x3fc3d;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC3E|&amp;#x3fc3e;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|SEAL CHARACTER-3FC3F|&amp;#x3fc3f;}}
|-
| colspan=&quot;17&quot; style=&quot;background:#f8f8f8;{{text default color}};text-align:center&quot; | ''Enclosed Alphanumeric Extended-A''
|----- style=&quot;background:#ccccff;{{text default color}};&quot;
!style=&quot;width:4%&quot;|U+!!style=&quot;width:6%&quot;|0!!style=&quot;width:6%&quot;|1!!style=&quot;width:6%&quot;|2!!style=&quot;width:6%&quot;|3!!style=&quot;width:6%&quot;|4!!style=&quot;width:6%&quot;|5!!style=&quot;width:6%&quot;|6!!style=&quot;width:6%&quot;|7!!style=&quot;width:6%&quot;|8!!style=&quot;width:6%&quot;|9!!style=&quot;width:6%&quot;|A!!style=&quot;width:6%&quot;|B!!style=&quot;width:6%&quot;|C!!style=&quot;width:6%&quot;|D!!style=&quot;width:6%&quot;|E!!style=&quot;width:6%&quot;|F
|----- style=&quot;text-align:center;background:#457da5;{{text default color}};&quot;
!style=&quot;background:#ffffff;{{text default color}};&quot;|3FC4x
|{{H:title|dotted=no|CIRCLED NUMBER FIFTY ONE|&amp;#x3fc40;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|CIRCLED NUMBER FIFTY TWO|&amp;#x3fc41;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|CIRCLED NUMBER FIFTY THREE|&amp;#x3fc42;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|CIRCLED NUMBER FIFTY FOUR|&amp;#x3fc43;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|CIRCLED NUMBER FIFTY FIVE|&amp;#x3fc44;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|CIRCLED NUMBER FIFTY SIX|&amp;#x3fc45;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|CIRCLED NUMBER FIFTY SEVEN|&amp;#x3fc46;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|CIRCLED NUMBER FIFTY EIGHT|&amp;#x3fc47;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|CIRCLED NUMBER FIFTY NINE|&amp;#x3fc48;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|CIRCLED NUMBER SIXTY|&amp;#x3fc49;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|CIRCLED NUMBER SIXTY ONE|&amp;#x3fc4a;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|CIRCLED NUMBER SIXTY TWO|&amp;#x3fc4b;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|CIRCLED NUMBER SIXTY THREE|&amp;#x3fc4c;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|CIRCLED NUMBER SIXTY FOUR|&amp;#x3fc4d;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|CIRCLED NUMBER SIXTY FIVE|&amp;#x3fc4e;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A|&amp;#x3fc4f;}}
|----- style=&quot;text-align:center;background:#457da5;{{text default color}};&quot;
!style=&quot;background:#ffffff;{{text default color}};&quot;|3FC5x
|{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN CAPITAL LETTER B|&amp;#x3fc50;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN CAPITAL LETTER C|&amp;#x3fc51;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D|&amp;#x3fc52;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E|&amp;#x3fc53;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN CAPITAL LETTER F|&amp;#x3fc54;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN CAPITAL LETTER G|&amp;#x3fc55;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN CAPITAL LETTER H|&amp;#x3fc56;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I|&amp;#x3fc57;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN CAPITAL LETTER J|&amp;#x3fc58;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN CAPITAL LETTER K|&amp;#x3f559;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN CAPITAL LETTER L|&amp;#x3fc5a;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN CAPITAL LETTER M|&amp;#x3fc5b;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN CAPITAL LETTER N|&amp;#x3fc5c;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O|&amp;#x3fc5d;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN CAPITAL LETTER P|&amp;#x3fc5e;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Q|&amp;#x3fc5f;}}
|----- style=&quot;text-align:center;background:#457da5;{{text default color}};&quot;
!style=&quot;background:#ffffff;{{text default color}};&quot;|3FC6x
|{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN CAPITAL LETTER R|&amp;#x3fc60;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN CAPITAL LETTER T|&amp;#x3fc61;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U|&amp;#x3fc62;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN CAPITAL LETTER V|&amp;#x3fc63;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN CAPITAL LETTER W|&amp;#x3fc64;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN CAPITAL LETTER X|&amp;#x3fc65;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Y|&amp;#x3fc66;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z|&amp;#x3fc67;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|CIRCLED NUMBER SIGN|&amp;#x3fc68;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|CIRCLED DOLLAR SIGN|&amp;#x3f569;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|CIRCLED PERCENT SIGN|&amp;#x3fc6a;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|CIRCLED AMPERSAND|&amp;#x3fc6b;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|CIRCLED PERMILE SIGN|&amp;#x3fc6c;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|CIRCLED INTERROBANG|&amp;#x3fc6d;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|CIRCLED EXCLAMATION MARK|&amp;#x3fc6e;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|CIRCLED QUESTION MARK|&amp;#x3fc6f;}}
|----- style=&quot;text-align:center;background:#457da5;{{text default color}};&quot;
!style=&quot;background:#ffffff;{{text default color}};&quot;|3FC7x
|{{H:title|dotted=no|CIRCLED NUMBER SIXTY SIX|&amp;#x3fc70;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|CIRCLED NUMBER SIXTY SEVEN|&amp;#x3fc71;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|CIRCLED NUMBER SIXTY EIGHT|&amp;#x3fc72;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|CIRCLED NUMBER SIXTY NINE|&amp;#x3fc73;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|CIRCLED NUMBER SEVENTY|&amp;#x3fc74;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|CIRCLED NUMBER SEVENTY ONE|&amp;#x3fc75;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|CIRCLED NUMBER SEVENTY TWO|&amp;#x3fc76;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|CIRCLED NUMBER SEVENTY THREE|&amp;#x3fc77;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|CIRCLED NUMBER SEVENTY FOUR|&amp;#x3fc78;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|CIRCLED NUMBER SEVENTY FIVE|&amp;#x3f579;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|CIRCLED NUMBER SEVENTY SIX|&amp;#x3fc7a;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|CIRCLED NUMBER SEVENTY SEVEN|&amp;#x3fc7b;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|CIRCLED NUMBER SEVENTY EIGHT|&amp;#x3fc7c;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|CIRCLED NUMBER SEVENT NINE|&amp;#x3fc7d;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|CIRCLED NUMBER EIGHTY|&amp;#x3fc7e;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|CIRCLED TIRONIAN SIGN ET|&amp;#x3fc7f;}}
|----- style=&quot;text-align:center;background:#457da5;{{text default color}};&quot;
!style=&quot;background:#ffffff;{{text default color}};&quot;|3FC8x
|{{H:title|dotted=no|PARENTHESIZED DIGIT ZERO|&amp;#x3fc80;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED DIGIT ZERO|&amp;#x3fc81;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED DIGIT ONE|&amp;#x3fc82;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED DIGIT TWO|&amp;#x3fc83;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED DIGIT THREE|&amp;#x3fc84;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED DIGIT FOUR|&amp;#x3fc85;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED DIGIT FIVE|&amp;#x3fc86;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED DIGIT SIX|&amp;#x3fc87;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED DIGIT SEVEN|&amp;#x3fc88;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED DIGIT EIGHT|&amp;#x3f589;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED DIGIT NINE|&amp;#x3fc8a;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED DIGIT TEN|&amp;#x3fc8b;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN SMALL LETTER A|&amp;#x3fc8c;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN SMALL LETTER B|&amp;#x3fc8d;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN SMALL LETTER C|&amp;#x3fc8e;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN SMALL LETTER D|&amp;#x3fc8f;}}
|----- style=&quot;text-align:center;background:#457da5;{{text default color}};&quot;
!style=&quot;background:#ffffff;{{text default color}};&quot;|3FC9x
|{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN SMALL LETTER E|&amp;#x3fc90;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN SMALL LETTER F|&amp;#x3fc91;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN SMALL LETTER G|&amp;#x3fc92;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN SMALL LETTER H|&amp;#x3fc93;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN SMALL LETTER I|&amp;#x3fc94;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN SMALL LETTER J|&amp;#x3fc95;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN SMALL LETTER K|&amp;#x3fc96;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN SMALL LETTER L|&amp;#x3fc97;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN SMALL LETTER M|&amp;#x3fc98;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN SMALL LETTER N|&amp;#x3fc99;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN SMALL LETTER O|&amp;#x3fc9a;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN SMALL LETTER P|&amp;#x3fc9b;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN SMALL LETTER Q|&amp;#x3fc9c;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN SMALL LETTER R|&amp;#x3fc9d;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN SMALL LETTER S|&amp;#x3fc9e;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN SMALL LETTER T|&amp;#x3fc9f;}}
|----- style=&quot;text-align:center;background:#457da5;{{text default color}};&quot;
!style=&quot;background:#ffffff;{{text default color}};&quot;|3FCAx
|{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN SMALL LETTER U|&amp;#x3fca0;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN SMALL LETTER V|&amp;#x3fca1;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN SMALL LETTER W|&amp;#x3fca2;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN SMALL LETTER X|&amp;#x3fca3;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN SMALL LETTER Y|&amp;#x3fca4;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|TORTOISE SHELL BRACKETED LATIN SMALL LETTER Z|&amp;#x3fca5;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|PARENTHESIS AA|&amp;#x3fca6;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|PARENTHESIS AB|&amp;#x3fca7;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|PARENTHESIS AD|&amp;#x3fca8;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|PARENTHESIS AE|&amp;#x3fca9;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|PARENTHESIS AH|&amp;#x3fcaa;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|PARENTHESIS AM|&amp;#x3fcab;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|PARENTHESIS AO|&amp;#x3fcac;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|PARENTHESIS AS|&amp;#x3fcad;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|PARENTHESIS AU|&amp;#x3fcae;}}||{{H:title|dotted=no|PARENTHESIS AZ|&amp;#x3fcaf;}}
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    <title>Interesting social sciences/Jurisprudence</title>
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      <text bytes="38561" sha1="0glsm0476at52ma6ewucg6ykzk1ec7r" xml:space="preserve">The law is a system established by the State of norms and rules of behavior, fulfillment of which is ensured by force of State’s coercion. State-enforced laws are norms and the rules of behavior. Branches of criminal justice system (police, court, prison) must apply by sanctions to the culprit in case of violation of law.  Corporal punishments (tortures and executions) served such legal sanctions in ancient times usually. The execution were replaced by life imprisonment in prison in modern democratic society often, and tortures were replaced by imprisonment for the term limited to the law, tortures were replaced by fine, confiscation of property, compensation of damage to the injured party and so on. But, nevertheless, law were built at the armed control of State over their citizens with antiquity before our days most frequently. Legal norms make behavior of people to a predictable, this is the function and the benefits of the law for society. 

Legal norms should not be contradictory each to other; otherwise, citizens may find themselves in a difficult situation and citizens will not know what law they should perform. The State must to keep public order, to protect right to private property and free competition. The state has to stop rigidly all attempts of criminals to disturb public order. The state has to stop rigidly all attempts of criminals to seize somebody else’s property unlawfully. The state has to stop rigidly all attempts of criminals to prevent   to other citizens to be engaged freely in business activity. People enter the relations in society inevitably, people sign economic contracts with each other, at the same time the state is a guarantor of the fact that both parties have to satisfy conditions of this contract that the violator of terms of the contract will be punished and this violator have to compensate losses to the injured party. All citizens shall have the identical rights. All citizens shall to keep law  irrespectively of social status of these citizens. Even high-ranking officials and rulers must keep the law and even rulers shouldn't allow of cases of an arbitrariness and lawlessness in own activity. Only published laws should apply, otherwise, citizens will not know the laws for which they may be punished and the power will receive the right to arbitrariness. If a constitution exists in the country that even the ruler is obliged to keep of the norms of this constitution.

===The state-enforced laws as norms of behavior.===
The state-enforced laws are adopted by the supreme bodies of the government.  Laws are adopted by the king or the monarch  with help of individual decision under tyranny, the kingdom or a hereditary monarchy, in such a way, for example, the king Hammurabi has accepted for the first time the code of laws known in the history. The state-enforced laws are adopted under the aristocracy or oligarchy by the senate, a Boyar Duma, the Central Committee or the Politburo of the ruling Communist Party with help of vote of members of this ruling  privileged meeting. The state-enforced laws are adopted by vote in people's assembly under direct democracy. The state-enforced laws are adopted by parliament in the conditions of representative democracy. A hierarchy of the state-enforced laws and codes exist today. The code is a great number of the the state-enforced laws describing norms of behavior in some sphere of activity - in economy, the family sphere and so on. The most important the state-enforced laws are united in the constitution. The state-enforced laws from other codes shouldn't contradict to constitutional norms. The state-enforced laws from other codes become invalid according to the decision of the constitutional court in that case when the state-enforced law from the code is contrary to the norms of the constitution. Along with the state-enforced laws, there are also other legal acts subordinated to laws: decrees of the president, government regulations, instruction, rule, orders and so on. That to live in society, that to make success in affairs, the person has to study the state-enforced laws. 

'''The causes of criminality.  '''    
[[File:Lombroso.JPG|thumb|Cesare Lombroso]]     
[[File:Ernst Kretschmer.jpg|thumb|Ernst Kretschmer]]
[[File:Three types of body.jpg|thumb|Comparison of body types. Asthenic, athletic, pyknic body types.]]
Many viewpoints exist on the causes of criminality in science. 

Neil Smelser has allocated three approaches in decision of this difficult problem: 

* biological approach,

* psychological approach,

* sociological approach.    
     
The essence of '''biological approach''' consist in the following:  the born criminal has the inclination to criminal behavior, the born criminal was born by thief and savage, the born criminal is able to do nothing else, a born criminal can only steal, rob and kill.  Caesare Lombroso claimed within this approach that criminals are a result of degradation to earlier stages of human evolution. Cesare Lombroso named such external features of the born criminal, as the protruding lower jaw, rare beard and reduced sensitivity to pain. &lt;ref&gt; Neil Smelser. Sociology. New-Jersey Prentice Hall 1988. Chapter 7. Deviance and social control. &lt;/ref&gt; By the way, in my opinion, these features are most characteristic for speakers on personality type. Similarity of criminal with primitive savage is shown in the passion to tattoo, the weakness of mind and even in degradation of the handwriting similar to hieroglyphic writing. Caesar Lombroso has allocated four types of criminals: murderer, thief, rapist and swindler. And this typology remains to this day. 

According to Henry H. Goddard, criminals are mentally retarded men, occurring from hereditarily burdened families. My experience of school teaching of criminals on lessons of history in women's prison shows that criminals have different levels of development of intellect like ordinary people from very low level of development of intellect before very high level of development of intellect.  Very high level of development of intellect was discovered at one thief‐women which received trust of men. she drank of men by vodka with sleeping pills and she robbed of men when men were sleeping. This thief-women has remember each my word in my lesson on history, each date, each name of hero of history, it is possible, the best memory is necessary feature of character of “thief on trust”.  Level of development of intellect affects to degree of the success of growth for thief’s qualifications.  

Stages for such growth for thief’s qualifications exist:  

• Specialization on apartment's burglaries.

  
• Specialization on pocket thefts. 

 
• Theft is based on trust of victim to criminal.  
         

Thus, the opinion of Henry H. Goddard seems not entirely truth. 

From the point of view of the theory of &quot;criminal psychodynamics&quot;, the criminal in own acts is guided not by mind but only emotions, the criminal is a psychopathic personality who has deviates from the norm, but the criminal isn't neither mentally sick, nor mentally retarded personality. 

Ernst Kretschmer have given the description of three main body types of man:

• asthenic (tall and thin);

• pyknic (stocky, fat),

• athletic (with advanced musculature);

An athlete is person with the developed musculature, inclined to the organization of conflict.  

A pyknic is person, inclined to obesity, which attempts to settle conflict with help of peaceful way.  

Asthenic is thin person, which is potential victim in the conflict.  
    
William Herbert Sheldon considered that the athletics are most inclined to the crimes. 

The genetic explanation of the reasons of crime consists that some criminals have chromosomes like XYY whereas ordinary men have chromosomes like XY, and ordinary women have chromosomes like XX. These people with chromosomes like XYY have frightening appearance, high growth and this people are heavy psychopaths sometimes.&lt;ref&gt; Neil Smelser. Sociology. New-Jersey Prentice Hall 1988. Chapter 7. Deviance and social control. &lt;/ref&gt;

Sigmund Freud has entered concept &quot;criminals with sense of guilt&quot; within the framework of '''psychological approach''', this criminals wish that they were caught and punished because this criminals feel own guilty because of their &quot;inclination to destruction,&quot; this criminals believe that imprisonment will help them overcome this inclination. &lt;ref&gt; Neil Smelser. Sociology. New-Jersey Prentice Hall 1988. Chapter 7. Deviance and social control. &lt;/ref&gt;

The essence of '''sociological approach''' consists that the main reason of crime is that thieves are brought up in criminal group purposefully.  Edwin Sutherland claimed that the prison corrects nobody, and  prison is school of training in criminal behavior often.

Émile Durkheim considered that the social anomie or, in other words, lawlessness,  is the main reason for criminality in the period of social crisis.&lt;ref&gt; Neil Smelser. Sociology. New-Jersey Prentice Hall 1988. Chapter 7. Deviance and social control. &lt;/ref&gt; A similar period was in Russia during government  of Mikhail Gorbachev and Boris Eltsin. The a main goal of Vladimir Putin became the establishing  of order in the country, that to drive of criminal world into an underground. The condition of an anomy is observed in big cities among teenagers where there is a mixture of various ethnic groups to the different systems of values.

Robert King Merton considered that the gap between the purposes and the approved means of their achievement is the reason of crime, for example, the purpose is financial success, and means is receiving the higher education, but paid education is often inaccessible today therefore some people can use illegal ways of enrichment.&lt;ref&gt; Neil Smelser. Sociology. New-Jersey Prentice Hall 1988. Chapter 7. Deviance and social control. &lt;/ref&gt;

According to the theory of stigmatization of Howard S. Becker, influential groups are capable to put stigma of criminal on members of less influential groups and thus  influential groups train of members of less influential groups to consider themselves by criminals. For example, whites did with African Americans in the United States this way.&lt;ref&gt; Neil Smelser. Sociology. New-Jersey Prentice Hall 1988. Chapter 7. Deviance and social control. &lt;/ref&gt;

From the point of view of Marxism and radical criminologists, criminals are rebels against capitalist exploitation.&lt;ref&gt; Neil Smelser. Sociology. New-Jersey Prentice Hall 1988. Chapter 7. Deviance and social control. &lt;/ref&gt; The example of such &quot;rebel&quot; is Joseph Stalin who had 6 criminal records for extortion and 5 escapes from exile. It is possible to draw a conclusion that all these theories are partly true and crime is a consequence of many causes.

===An empirical study of the causes of criminality.===         
My preliminary forecast before the empirical researches consisted that a potential criminal is the speaker. This forecast has found partial confirmation, but it has turned out that  speakers are capable besides that to show resourcefulness, speakers know how to engage other personality types in a criminal group, speakers are able to use of other personality types as performers of own criminal plans, then speakers are capable to avoid criminal punishment and speakers are capable to shift all fault for crimes on other personality types. There is a specialization in the criminal world in various roles, such as organizer, executor, helper and instigator. Thief in law in Russia is an example of the organizer of the high qualification. Skilled  in thieves' affairs speaker is capable to play a role of the organizer. The inexperienced speaker or the technician approach for a role of executor.

A principle: &quot;You mustn't to be by a executor!&quot; exists in criminal world, because executors are arrested by first of all then the executor is obliged according to thieves' laws to take all fault on himself and executor mustn't betray of other members of criminal group, otherwise executor can be killed in prison. The role of the executor is the most unprofitable in comparison with other roles. 

The psychologist and the speaker can undertake role of the instigator, at the same time the speaker forces of executor to commit to crime by means of threats, and the psychologist persuades by executor to commit to crime by means of deception and cunning, thus, the speaker and  psychologist use different coercion methods. The role of the helper is carried out different the personality types, for example the technician is capable to make high-quality weapon, the speaker is capable to sell stolen property. Psychologist and speaker are able to provide information about candidates of potential victims of robberies and about their property status at apartment's burglaries. The psychologist knows how to rub into the trust to potential victims. 

By the way, my research has shown that, unlike rules in men's prisons, women having the status of thiefs in law do not exist in women's corrective labor colony of strict regimen and high hierarchy doesn't exist among the prisoner-women. The speaker and the psychologist approach for a role of the drug dealer. The technician can play a role of the cruel killer-executioner or killer-sniper because of inclination of the technician to insensibility and low emotionality. 

The speaker has the highest inclination to be by leader of criminal world, to make all kinds of serious crimes and to improve thieves' skills, speaker has inclination to adventurism and frivolous behavior, readiness to submit to pressure of criminal group and inability to foresee heavy consequences of own crimes. This inclination of the speaker to criminal behavior is shown at young age and in state of intoxication especially brightly. The psychologist is the potential victim of crime often because the psychologist provoke of criminals involuntarily thanks to peculiar for psychologists weakness of character. A woman-psychologist provokes involuntarily of a rapist to rape  due to the fact that the  woman-psychologist has the highest degree of sexuality.

This my research was conducted on the basis of women's corrective labor colony of strict regimen of UT 389/28 in town Berezniki during the period from November 2003 to March 2004. The status of colony was changed  at the end of this period – the strict regimen was changed on a ordinary regimen. The informal unstructured interview (35 respondents) and the included observation in the course of training of prisoner in 8 and 9 classes of middle school (15 respondents) became forms of carrying out a research. Total, 50 prisoner-women were interviewed and subjected to observation by means of casual selection.  40% were by psychologists, 20% were by technicians,  40% were speakers from this prisoner-women, theorists were not found among prisoner-women. That to appear in this colony  and to conduct a research, I had to get a job of the teacher of history in this prison's school. The generalized results of my research are given in the table given below:

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Different categories of prisoners.  !! Quantity of prisoners. !!  Shares of speakers among prisoners.  !!  Shares of technicians among prisoners.  !! Shares of psychologists among prisoners.
|-
| 1. Shares of the personality types in this colony.  ||  50 people.|| 40% || 20% || 40%
|-
| 2. Prisoners, сonvicted for robbery according to article 162 of criminal code of Russian Federation.  || 8 people. || 62% || 25% || 13%
|-
| 3. Prisoners, сonvicted for causing grievous bodily harm without death of victim according to article 111 of item 1,2,3 of criminal code of Russian Federation.||  11 people.|| 73% || 18% || 9%
|-
| 4. The prisoners, сonvicted for causing heavy harm to health with the death of victim according to article 111 of item 4 of criminal code of Russian Federation.|| 0% || 40% || 60%
|-
| 5. Prisoners, сonvicted for premeditated murder (malice aforethought) according to article 105 of criminal code of Russian Federation.  ||10 people.  || 30% || 40% || 30%
|-
| 6. Prisoners, сonvicted for illegal manufacturing, sale, storage and transportation of drugs according to article 228 of criminal code of Russian Federation. || 17 people. || 47% || 6% || 47%
|-
| 7. Prisoners,  сonvicted for theft according to article 158 of criminal code of Russian Federation. || 26 people. || 35% || 23% || 42%
|-
| 8.  Prisoners-drug addicts, сonvicted for illegal manufacturing, sale, storage and transportation of drugs or prisoners-drug addicts, сonvicted  for theft according to articles 228 or 158 of criminal code of Russian Federation.. || 13 people. || 45% || 10% || 45%
|-
| 9. Prisoners-drug addicts, sick HIV, condemned for illegal manufacturing, sale, storage and transportation of drugs according to article 228 of criminal code of Russian Federation.  || 2 people.  || 50% || 0% || 50%
|-
| 10. Prisoners, сonvicted for the apartment's thefts according to article 158 of criminal code of Russian Federation.  || 9 people.  || 33% || 22% || 45%
|-
| 11. Prisoners,  сonvicted for the theft from the pockets according to article 158 of criminal code of Russian Federation. || 2 people.  || 50$ || 0% || 50%
|-
| 12. Prisoners,  сonvicted for theft on trust with use of сlophelinum according to article 158 of criminal code of Russian Federation. || 1 people.  || 100%  || 0% || 0%
|-
| 13. Prisoners, сonvicted for group crimes. || 25 people. || 52% || 12% || 36%
|-
| 14. Prisoners, who committed for crimes alone. || 13 people. || 31% || 15% || 54%
|-
| 15. Prisoners, сonvicted for domestic crimes. ||12 people.  || 33% || 42% || 25% 
|-
| 16. Prisoners which hold lead positions among other prisoners in colony –  brigadier, the man on duty, chairman of the Council of the Detachment Team.||3 people. || 100%   || 0% || 0%
|-
| 17. Prisoners which consisted in legal or civil marriage. || 24 people. || 20% || 20% || 60%
|-
| 18. Prisoners which have own children.||22 people.  || 14% || 32% || 54%
|-
| 19. Prisoners which killed of own husband.  || 4 people.  || 50% || 50% || 0%  
|-
| 20. Average quantity of criminal records at one prisoner.  || 50 people.  || 2,5 || 2,3 || 2,4  

|}

It is possible to draw the following conclusions on the basis of these results of a research. 

Speakers have the highest status in colony. Speakers have the biggest inclination to group crimes though all prisoner-women have noted that prisoner-women executed orders of the man-recidivist in criminal group. Re-education of the speaker is the most difficult task that finds manifestation that the speaker has the most large average amount of criminal records on one prisoner among the personality types. The task of  re-education of the speaker is complicated by those circumstances that speaker has the worst marital status – speaker marries more rare, speaker has of children less often than other personality types, speaker has high inclination to the use of drugs, to alcoholism and high probability to ache by HIV.

Psychologists specialize in crimes on sale of drugs and apartment's burglaries. Psychologists have high inclination to fall into a state of passion and psychologists have high inclination to finish off victim in the course of causing  grievous bodily harm, but psychologists have low inclination to robbery. Psychologists  are most of all inclined to commit of crimes alone rather than in a group. The task of re-education of the psychologist is complicated by his inclination to the use of drugs, high probability to ache by HIV. Task of re-education of the psychologist is facilitated by a relatively good marital situation – psychologist marries more often and psychologist has children more often than others personality types.

Technicians are inclined to commission of crimes much less than other personality types. Technicians make only 20% of prisoners. But technicians have high inclination to commission of deliberate and unintentional domestic murders (malice aforethought murders and manslaughter), technicians are capable to kill as the executioner and technicians are capable to be cold insensitive to the death suffering of the victim. Process of re-education of technicians is facilitated by low inclination to the use of drugs and quite good marital status. 1 technician and 1 psychologist have two criminal records  for murder each that is an example of unique cruelty.

All women of Romani people (5 women) were psychologists and women of Romani people specialize in sale of drugs – 60%, in thefts - 20% and in premeditated murders (malice aforethought) - 20%. 

A knife (84% of cases), the axe (8% of cases), the noose of (4% of cases}, a rolling pin (4% of cases) have served as the crime tool in 24 cases of women crimes.

===The question about necessity of the capital punishment===
[[File:Exécution de Marie Antoinette le 16 octobre 1793.jpg|right|thumb|300px|Marie Antoinette's execution on October 16, 1793]]
[[File:Execution robespierre, saint just....jpg|thumb|right|The execution of Maximilien Robespierre]]      
[[File:Badische Guillotine.JPG|right|thumb|250px| Guillotine]]

Punishment for the crimes connected with use of violence became much more strict under the new Russian criminal code. The top limits of punishment are raised from 15 to 20 years and to life imprisonment. Russian Federation keeps of conditions of the moratorium on the capital punishment, though such punishment as the capital punishment is prescribed in the criminal code for the most serious crimes, but courts replace of capital punishment  to life imprisonment. It is connected with fear to make fatal mistake of justice when a theoretical opportunity remains to sentence of innocent person to death penalty. It is impossible already to return to life of the innocent person in case of detection of such mistake of justice after enforcement of sentence about capital punishment. For example, it has become clear during the investigation of criminal case of the serial killer Andrei Chikatilo who has killed about 50 people that the court has sentenced to capital punishment for one of these murders of innocent person who was executed already.

According to sociological polls, most of residents of Russia are sure of need of the capital punishment, especially in connection with threat of the Chechen terrorism. Most of residents of Russia are sure of need of application of the capital punishment to those terrorists who blew up houses in Moscow, Volgodonsk and Buynaksk. Most of residents of Russia are sure of need of application of the capital punishment to those terrorists who cut off heads of russian prisoner of war in Chechnya. To abolish of capital punishment is absurdity during war. 

Region of Upper river Kama (the cities of Solikamsk, Berezniki, Krasnovishersk, Kizel) was turned into the prison region at the Soviet power. One of leaders of the Chechen terrorists – Salman Raduyev – was sentenced to life imprisonment and Salman Raduyev served sentence in Solikamsk supermax prison &quot;White Swan&quot;. Salman Raduyev said in one of an interview that Salman Raduyev hopes to serve sentence in supermax prison 25 years, to receive amnesty and to be released, but Salman Raduyev has died  a year later on December 14, 2002 in hospital from old wounds. To survive in prison is very difficult for the former terrorist. Prisoners and security guards put pressure upon terrorist also. 

Almost all squad of the Perm OMON (Special Purpose Police Unit) – 43 militiamen (from them 32 were killed in battle, and 11 were captured and executed with special cruelty) has died in one of the ambushes made by the Chechen terrorists. This event has taken place on March 29, 2000. It is possible to understand hostility of security guards  to the condemned terrorists in these conditions. Many leaders of the Chechen terrorists – Dzhokhar Dudayev, Shamil Basayev, Ibn al-Khattab, Aslan Maskhadov was killed with help of special operations. It is possible to abolish of capital punishment in civilized Europe, but it is impossible to abolish of capital punishment in criminal Russia. The capital punishment remains even in the USA. When the prisoner was sentenced to capital punishment, the prisoner can choose a method of execution in the USA – a lethal injection, an electrocution, firing squad, hanging or gas inhalation, and relatives of the victim have an opportunity to watch for this procedure of an execution with help of cable television.

==Michel Foucault about the prison’s reform==
[[File:Dieric Bouts 013.jpg|thumb|right|Quartering]] 
[[File:Lamanie kolem L 001xx.jpg|thumb|upright|Breaking wheel]]
'''Prison’s reform'''

Michel Foucault has described a cruel execution of Robert-François Damiens on March 2, 1757 at the beginning of own book &quot;Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison&quot;.  &lt;ref&gt; Michel Foucault. DISCIPLINE AND PUNISH. The Birth of the Prison. PART ONE TORTURE. Chapter 1. The body of the condemned. https://monoskop.org/images/4/43/Foucault_Michel_Discipline_and_Punish_The_Birth_of_the_Prison_1977_1995.pdf&lt;/ref&gt; Prisons in modern understanding have appeared eighty years later after this execution, and a daily routine was drawn up in prison for young prisoners already. Prisoners were obliged to work 9 hours in day in workshops, prisoners were obliged to study 2 hours in day in prison school. So, public execution were complemented by imprisonment and a prison daily routine. Public execution and imprisonment became different types of punishment in Europe and America. The prison was just the place earlier where the criminal was interrogated and tortured, and then criminal waited an execution here. The prison became the place of life and work for the prisoner after reform according to strict routine where the prisoner spent a long term of imprisonment. These punishments have become applicable for different kinds of crime and these punishments have become applicable to different types of criminals. This reform was carried out in period just under 100 years. During this time, new codes were drawn up that provided for a new types of punishment: in Russia – in 1769, in Prussia – in 1780, In Pennsylvania and Tuscany – in 1786, in Austria – 1788, in France – in 1791, 1808 and 1810.&lt;ref&gt; Michel Foucault. DISCIPLINE AND PUNISH. The Birth of the Prison. PART ONE TORTURE. Chapter 1. The body of the condemned. https://monoskop.org/images/4/43/Foucault_Michel_Discipline_and_Punish_The_Birth_of_the_Prison_1977_1995.pdf  &lt;/ref&gt;

'''The essence of prison’s reform (since the late 18th century until the early 19th century) consisted in following:  '''

* Public executions and tortures were cancelled,

* Accurate codes, uniform rules of legal proceedings, jury trial were introduced,

* The  corrective character of the penalty were introduced, assignment of various terms of imprisonment were introduced, kinds of punishment depending on weight of crime were introduced. Only flagellation  remain still some time in Russia, Austria and Prussia.

* The human branding disappeared on the criminal's face or shoulder. A certain caution has arisen in the art of inflicting pain. The body disappeared as the major target of punishment.

* Amende honorable and pillory were cancelled.

* Use of convicts at public works was cancelled – at repair of roads when convicts were chained in shackles and iron collars and convicts exchanged with crowd by curses in response on contempt from this crowd.

* Chain-gang were cancelled. While the chain-gang, which had dragged convicts across the whole of France, as far as Brest and Toulon was replaced in 1837 by inconspicuous black-painted cell-carts.  This cell-carts was prison on wheels. The central corridor divides of cell-carts on all length, six single cells exist on each side of the corridor where prisoners sit facing a corridor. Legs and hands of criminals are chained by a chain.  An iron door with a small window was between a corridor and cell that prevents to communication between prisoners on the way.  There are two security guards armed by clubs in a corridor. Punishment had gradually ceased to be a spectacle, a rite and a show for gapers gradually.&lt;ref&gt; Michel Foucault. DISCIPLINE AND PUNISH. The Birth of the Prison. PART ONE TORTURE. Chapter 1. The body of the condemned. https://monoskop.org/images/4/43/Foucault_Michel_Discipline_and_Punish_The_Birth_of_the_Prison_1977_1995.pdf &lt;/ref&gt;

===Reasons of the abolition of public executions:===

* The execution exceed in savagery the crime itself. 

* The execution accustomed of spectators to cruelty  whereas execution should wean of spectators from cruelty.

* The execution makes of the executioner resemble a criminal.  The execution makes judges resemble murderers.

* The execution caused of admiration and pity to the executed criminal instead of contempt and hatred.

Conclusion: Punishment becomes the most hidden part of the penal process gradually. Effectiveness of punishment is seen as resulting from its inevitability, not from its visible intensity. &lt;ref&gt; Michel Foucault. DISCIPLINE AND PUNISH. The Birth of the Prison. PART ONE TORTURE. Chapter 1. The body of the condemned. https://monoskop.org/images/4/43/Foucault_Michel_Discipline_and_Punish_The_Birth_of_the_Prison_1977_1995.pdf &lt;/ref&gt; 

Powers began to apply  imprisonment, confinement, forced labour, penal servitude, prohibition from entering certain areas, deportation instead of tortures and executions during modern times.&lt;ref&gt; Michel Foucault. DISCIPLINE AND PUNISH. The Birth of the Prison. PART ONE TORTURE. Chapter 1. The body of the condemned. https://monoskop.org/images/4/43/Foucault_Michel_Discipline_and_Punish_The_Birth_of_the_Prison_1977_1995.pdf &lt;/ref&gt;  Imprisonment is connected somewhat with physical suffering too unlike penalties, but intolerable corporal pain is  not connected with criminal penalty any more already.  The whole army of warders, doctors, chaplains, psychiatrists, psychologists, educationalists comes to replace the executioner as to the specialist in causing pain.&lt;ref&gt; Michel Foucault. DISCIPLINE AND PUNISH. The Birth of the Prison. PART ONE TORTURE. Chapter 1. The body of the condemned. https://monoskop.org/images/4/43/Foucault_Michel_Discipline_and_Punish_The_Birth_of_the_Prison_1977_1995.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;

===The shortcomings of modern imprisonment:===

* Imprisonment has no effect on the public. 

* Imprisonment is incapable of corresponding to the specificity of crimes. 

* Imprisonment is costly.

* Imprisonment maintains of convicts in idleness. Imprisonment multiplies their vices.

* Work of the jailer is an exercise in tyranny.&lt;ref&gt; Michel Foucault. DISCIPLINE AND PUNISH. The Birth of the Prison. PART TWO PUNISHMENT. Chapter 2. The gentle way in punishment. Page 114. https://monoskop.org/images/4/43/Foucault_Michel_Discipline_and_Punish_The_Birth_of_the_Prison_1977_1995.pdf &lt;/ref&gt;

===Panopticon===
[[File:Panopticon.jpg |thumb|   Elevation, section and plan of Jeremy Bentham's Panopticon penitentiary, drawn by Willey Reveley, 1791 ]]   
Possibility of the round-the-clock supervision of prisoners is here a main goal of construction of Panopticon  prison according to the plan of Jeremy Bentham. This prison represents the round or crosswise building, for example,  Kresty Prison in St. Petersburg represents several crosswise buildings. The central tower is in the center of such building where a supervisor settles down.  A supervisor has an opportunity to observe through wide windows for life of prisoners in cells which are located around the circumference of the building as in an aquarium or in a zoo. Two windows exist in each cell, one window comes to light, the second big window leaves inside therefore the cell is looked through. Only one criminal has to sit in each cell that to avoid by bad influence from prisoners at each other. Walls between cell prevent to communication between prisoners. Therefore there is no of danger of a plot, planning of collective escape and the planning of new crimes for the future. This structure of the building of prison is opposite to the principle of a dungeon. Constant supervision  eliminates the need for corporal punishment to some extent too. Modern technical  means allow to provide constant supervision over prisoners in cells not by means of a special structure of the building of prison, and by means of video supervision. Such projects of prisons as Panopticon are still too expensive for Russia.  The available prisons are overcrowded beyond any measure, closeness and insanitary conditions exist in cells in Russia today.&lt;ref&gt; Michel Foucault. DISCIPLINE AND PUNISH. The Birth of the Prison. PART THREE DISCIPLINE. Chapter 3. Panopticism. https://monoskop.org/images/4/43/Foucault_Michel_Discipline_and_Punish_The_Birth_of_the_Prison_1977_1995.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;

===Two systems of keeping of criminals in prison in the West===

Powers in the West wanted to interfere with association of criminals in prison in criminal community.  

Two systems of keeping of criminals in prison were invented for this purpose in the USA:

* '''Auburn system'''  in  the 19th century which prescribes keeping  of the prisoners in  individual cell at night,  work and meals in common in the afternoon, as in the monastery, but on condition of absolute silence. Prisoners can speak only with warders.

* '''Pennsylvania system''' (Separate system) provides keeping of prisoners in the conditions of absolute isolation from each other in the solitary cell that to leave of criminal alone with own conscience.

There were discussions about an opportunity to pay of work of prisoners and a possibility of the prisoner to refuse from some kinds of works and to organize of strike.&lt;ref&gt; Michel Foucault. DISCIPLINE AND PUNISH. The Birth of the Prison. PART FOUR PRISON. Chapter 1. Complete and austere institutions. https://monoskop.org/images/4/43/Foucault_Michel_Discipline_and_Punish_The_Birth_of_the_Prison_1977_1995.pdf &lt;/ref&gt; 

===Arguments of opponents of prison reform and of replacement of executions and torture to imprisonment:===

* The prison organizes training of inexperienced criminals to &quot;thieves' professions&quot; and the prison organizes transformation of inexperienced criminals into professional criminals.

* Criminals plan future crimes in prison, сriminals plan organization of escapes from prison and сriminals plan collective prison revolts.

* Prisons don't diminish the crime rate. Prisons can be extended, multiplied or transformed, but the quantity of crime and criminals remains stable or, worse, increases. 

* Prison generates of recidivists, those criminals leaving prison have more chance than before of going back to prison. Existence in prison is lifestyle for recidivists.  Recidivists get used to not taking care about food and housing, job and livelihood in prison.

* The prison cannot fail to produce of delinquents. The prison produces more and more criminals, rather than correcting of criminals, whether criminals are in solitary cell or  criminals perform useless work for them. Between 1,000 and 1,500 convicts live under the surveillance of between thirty and forty supervisors, who can preserve some kind of security only by depending on informers.

* The prison makes possible, even encourages, the organization of a milieu of delinquents, loyal to one another, hierarchized, ready to aid and abet any future criminal act. The prison gives to &quot;thieves' profession and the prison learns to be the informer. Сriminals find themselves after release from prison in such conditions which doom of criminals to crime repetition. Criminals lose residence during the inprisonment and criminals become homeless tramps after an exit from prison. Imprisonment dooms of family of the criminal to poverty after detention of the only breadwinner. As a result the son of the thief  becomes by thief too frequently  that leads to new crimes eventually. &lt;ref&gt; Michel Foucault. DISCIPLINE AND PUNISH. The Birth of the Prison. PART FOUR PRISON. Chapter 2. Illegalities and delinquency. https://monoskop.org/images/4/43/Foucault_Michel_Discipline_and_Punish_The_Birth_of_the_Prison_1977_1995.pdf &lt;/ref&gt; 

Conclusions: In my opinion, the prison has many shortcomings, but the prison can't be cancelled. It is impossible to return to tortures and executions because such return contradicts to the principles of humanity. Besides, corporal punishments remain in prison system today to some extent. Corporal punishments are the great invention of mankind too and corporal punishments can't be cancelled  completely too because such people exist on which only corporal punishments act. It is impossible to replace corporal punishments on administrative punishments completely, that is  it is impossible to replace corporal punishments on conversion of the person from the status  &quot;free person&quot; to status of &quot;prisoner&quot;. The attempt to replace corporal punishments and an executions on administrative punishments (imprisonment) was not quite successful because this attempt has led to emergence of new problems which weren't earlier. If Gleb Zheglov from the movie &quot;The Meeting Place Cannot Be Changed&quot; was guided the principle that &quot;the thief has to be imprisoned&quot; at any cost, then  the judge was guided earlier by the principle: the place of recidivists – on the gallows at any cost, because it was possible to reduce number of recidivists with help of executions, it was possible to destroy criminal hierarchy with help of an executions of leaders of criminal world,  it was possible to interfere to process of training of the inexperienced criminals to thieves' professions because executions reduced number  of similar &quot;teachers&quot; really. The execution of notorious villains allows to reduce costs on keeping of criminals to a minimum. Besides, the execution of terrorists and maniacs allows to satisfy sense of justice at relatives of the victims on the ancient law of retaliation – &quot;Eye for an eye&quot;,  these relatives are forced to commit murder of the criminal from revenge and  these relatives are forced to be exposed to criminal prosecution today sometimes. This example shows that cancellation of any social invention, even corporal punishments and the capital punishment leads to emergence of big problems always.

=== Citations and references===
{{Reflist}}
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{{\sandbox}}hello

{{Featured recipe}}{{Featured book candidate}}

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|name=Caro-Kann defence
|eco=[[Chess/ECOB|B10]]
|parent=[[Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...c6|Caro-Kann defence]] → [[../|2. Nc3]]
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== 2...d5 ==
Black takes space in the centre. 

[[/3. Nf3|'''3. Nf3''']] is the main move, the '''two knights attack'''.

[[/3. Qf3|'''3. Qf3''']] is the uncommon but aggressive '''Goldman variation'''. 

[[/3. d4|'''3. d4''']] is a transposition to the main line Caro-Kann otherwise seen after 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3.

==Theory table==
{{Chess Opening Theory/Table}}

{{ChessMid}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}
=== See also ===
{{Chess Opening Theory/Footer}}</text>
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| Category = Tanzanian cuisine
| Difficulty = 3
}}{{Incomplete recipe|reason=incorrect categories, sections need to be condensed}}
{{Recipe}}

'''Mchemsho''' is a traditional Tanzanian mixed [[Cookbook:stew|stew]] consisting of [[Cookbook:meat|meat]], [[Cookbook:vegetables|vegetables]], [[Cookbook:banana|green bananas]], and aromatic spices simmered together in a flavorful broth. The name ''mchemsho'' comes from the Swahili word ''chemsha'', meaning &quot;to boil&quot;. The dish is particularly popular in northern Tanzania and is often prepared for special occasions, family gatherings, and weekend meals. It may be served on its own or accompanied by rice, chapati, or ugali. 

== Ingredients ==

* 500 g [[Cookbook:beef|beef]], cut into cubes
* 4 green cooking bananas, peeled and sliced
* 3 medium [[Cookbook:potatoes|potatoes]], peeled and cubed
* 2 carrots, sliced
* 1 cup green beans, trimmed
* 1 small [[Cookbook:cabbage|cabbage]], chopped
* 1 large onion, chopped
* 3 cloves [[Cookbook:garlic|garlic]], minced
* 1 tbsp fresh [[Cookbook:ginger|ginger]], grated
* 2 [[Cookbook: Tomato|tomatoes]], diced
* 1 green [[Cookbook: Bell Pepper|bell pepper]], sliced
* 2 tbsp [[Cookbook:Vegetable Oil|vegetable oil]]
* 5 cups beef stock or water
* 1 tsp ground [[Cookbook:cumin|cumin]]
* 1 tsp ground [[Cookbook:coriander|coriander]]
* ½ tsp [[Cookbook:turmeric|turmeric]]
* Salt, to taste
* Black pepper, to taste
* Juice of 1 lime or lemon
* Fresh coriander (cilantro), chopped, for garnish

== Procedure ==

# Place the beef in a large pot and cover with water.
# Add half of the onion, half of the ginger, and a pinch of salt.
# Simmer until the meat becomes tender, about 1–1½ hours.
# Reserve the cooking stock.
# Heat the oil in a separate large pot.
# Sauté the remaining onion until soft.
# Add the garlic and remaining ginger and cook for 1 minute.
# Stir in the tomatoes and cook until softened.
# Add the cumin, coriander, and turmeric.
# Add the potatoes, carrots, green bananas, green beans, cabbage, and bell pepper.
# Pour in the reserved stock.
# Add the cooked beef.
# Bring to a boil, then reduce the heat and simmer for 30–40 minutes.
# Cook until all vegetables are tender.
# Season with salt, black pepper, and lime juice.
# Garnish with chopped coriander.
# Serve hot.

== Serving ==

Mchemsho is commonly served with:

* [[Cookbook:Ugali]]
* [[Cookbook:Chapati]]
* Wali wa Nazi
* Fresh [[Cookbook:bread|bread]]

== Variations ==

* Chicken mchemsho
* Fish mchemsho
* Vegetarian mchemsho
* Mchemsho with eggplant
* Mchemsho with coconut milk

== Tips ==

* Green cooking bananas give the stew its traditional texture and flavor.
* Homemade beef stock produces a richer broth.
* Add lime juice just before serving for a fresh taste.
* Do not overcook the vegetables; they should remain slightly firm.
* The stew tastes even better after resting for a few minutes before serving.

== Notes ==

* Mchemsho literally means &quot;something boiled&quot; in Swahili.
* The dish commonly includes meat, potatoes, carrots, green bananas, and assorted vegetables simmered together.
* It is especially associated with northern Tanzania and is often enjoyed during special gatherings.


[[Category:Recipes]]
[[Category:Tanzanian recipes]]
[[Category:Grilled recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes using meat]]
[[Category:Inexpensive recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes_with_metric_units]]
[[Category:Vegetarian recipes]]
[[Category:Vegan recipes]]
[[Category:Main course recipes]]
[[Category:Side dish recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes using coriander]]
[[Category:Recipes using garam masala]]
[[Category:Recipes using ground cumin]]
[[Category:Recipes using vegetable oil]]
[[Category:Recipes using lamb and mutton]]</text>
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| Category = Tanzanian cuisine
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{{Recipe}}

'''Mchemsho''' is a traditional Tanzanian mixed [[Cookbook:stew|stew]] consisting of [[Cookbook:meat|meat]], [[Cookbook:vegetables|vegetables]], [[Cookbook:banana|green bananas]], and aromatic spices simmered together in a flavorful broth. The name ''mchemsho'' comes from the Swahili word ''chemsha'', meaning &quot;to boil&quot;. The dish is particularly popular in northern Tanzania and is often prepared for special occasions, family gatherings, and weekend meals. It may be served on its own or accompanied by rice, chapati, or ugali. 

== Ingredients ==

* 500 g [[Cookbook:beef|beef]], cut into cubes
* 4 green [[Cookbook: Cooking Banana|cooking bananas]], peeled and sliced
* 3 medium [[Cookbook:potatoes|potatoes]], peeled and cubed
* 2 carrots, sliced
* 1 cup green beans, trimmed
* 1 small [[Cookbook:cabbage|cabbage]], chopped
* 1 large onion, chopped
* 3 cloves [[Cookbook:garlic|garlic]], minced
* 1 tbsp fresh [[Cookbook:ginger|ginger]], grated
* 2 [[Cookbook: Tomato|tomatoes]], diced
* 1 green [[Cookbook: Bell Pepper|bell pepper]], sliced
* 2 tbsp [[Cookbook:Vegetable Oil|vegetable oil]]
* 5 cups beef stock or water
* 1 tsp ground [[Cookbook:cumin|cumin]]
* 1 tsp ground [[Cookbook:coriander|coriander]]
* ½ tsp [[Cookbook:turmeric|turmeric]]
* Salt, to taste
* Black pepper, to taste
* Juice of 1 lime or lemon
* Fresh coriander (cilantro), chopped, for garnish

== Procedure ==

# Place the beef in a large pot and cover with water.
# Add half of the onion, half of the ginger, and a pinch of salt.
# Simmer until the meat becomes tender, about 1–1½ hours.
# Reserve the cooking stock.
# Heat the oil in a separate large pot.
# Sauté the remaining onion until soft.
# Add the garlic and remaining ginger and cook for 1 minute.
# Stir in the tomatoes and cook until softened.
# Add the cumin, coriander, and turmeric.
# Add the potatoes, carrots, green bananas, green beans, cabbage, and bell pepper.
# Pour in the reserved stock.
# Add the cooked beef.
# Bring to a boil, then reduce the heat and simmer for 30–40 minutes.
# Cook until all vegetables are tender.
# Season with salt, black pepper, and lime juice.
# Garnish with chopped coriander.
# Serve hot.

== Serving ==

Mchemsho is commonly served with:

* [[Cookbook:Ugali]]
* [[Cookbook:Chapati]]
* Wali wa Nazi
* Fresh [[Cookbook:bread|bread]]

== Variations ==

* Chicken mchemsho
* Fish mchemsho
* Vegetarian mchemsho
* Mchemsho with eggplant
* Mchemsho with coconut milk

== Tips ==

* Green cooking bananas give the stew its traditional texture and flavor.
* Homemade beef stock produces a richer broth.
* Add lime juice just before serving for a fresh taste.
* Do not overcook the vegetables; they should remain slightly firm.
* The stew tastes even better after resting for a few minutes before serving.

== Notes ==

* Mchemsho literally means &quot;something boiled&quot; in Swahili.
* The dish commonly includes meat, potatoes, carrots, green bananas, and assorted vegetables simmered together.
* It is especially associated with northern Tanzania and is often enjoyed during special gatherings.


[[Category:Recipes]]
[[Category:Tanzanian recipes]]
[[Category:Grilled recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes using meat]]
[[Category:Inexpensive recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes_with_metric_units]]
[[Category:Vegetarian recipes]]
[[Category:Vegan recipes]]
[[Category:Main course recipes]]
[[Category:Side dish recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes using coriander]]
[[Category:Recipes using garam masala]]
[[Category:Recipes using ground cumin]]
[[Category:Recipes using vegetable oil]]
[[Category:Recipes using lamb and mutton]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>4680086</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-11-05T04:40:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>A Sulaiman Z</username>
        <id>3412824</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Ingredients */</comment>
      <origin>4680086</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="3735" sha1="3n2vhqcj95dz0q0cn2skxef1vy2yhin" xml:space="preserve">{{Recipe summary
| Category = Tanzanian cuisine
| Difficulty = 3
}}{{Incomplete recipe|reason=incorrect categories, sections need to be condensed}}
{{Recipe}}

'''Mchemsho''' is a traditional Tanzanian mixed [[Cookbook:stew|stew]] consisting of [[Cookbook:meat|meat]], [[Cookbook:vegetables|vegetables]], [[Cookbook:banana|green bananas]], and aromatic spices simmered together in a flavorful broth. The name ''mchemsho'' comes from the Swahili word ''chemsha'', meaning &quot;to boil&quot;. The dish is particularly popular in northern Tanzania and is often prepared for special occasions, family gatherings, and weekend meals. It may be served on its own or accompanied by rice, chapati, or ugali. 

== Ingredients ==

* 500 g [[Cookbook:beef|beef]], cut into cubes
* 4 green cooking [[Cookbook: Banana|bananas]], peeled and sliced
* 3 medium [[Cookbook:potatoes|potatoes]], peeled and cubed
* 2 carrots, sliced
* 1 cup green beans, trimmed
* 1 small [[Cookbook:cabbage|cabbage]], chopped
* 1 large onion, chopped
* 3 cloves [[Cookbook:garlic|garlic]], minced
* 1 tbsp fresh [[Cookbook:ginger|ginger]], grated
* 2 [[Cookbook: Tomato|tomatoes]], diced
* 1 green [[Cookbook: Bell Pepper|bell pepper]], sliced
* 2 tbsp [[Cookbook:Vegetable Oil|vegetable oil]]
* 5 cups beef stock or water
* 1 tsp ground [[Cookbook:cumin|cumin]]
* 1 tsp ground [[Cookbook:coriander|coriander]]
* ½ tsp [[Cookbook:turmeric|turmeric]]
* Salt, to taste
* Black pepper, to taste
* Juice of 1 lime or lemon
* Fresh coriander (cilantro), chopped, for garnish

== Procedure ==

# Place the beef in a large pot and cover with water.
# Add half of the onion, half of the ginger, and a pinch of salt.
# Simmer until the meat becomes tender, about 1–1½ hours.
# Reserve the cooking stock.
# Heat the oil in a separate large pot.
# Sauté the remaining onion until soft.
# Add the garlic and remaining ginger and cook for 1 minute.
# Stir in the tomatoes and cook until softened.
# Add the cumin, coriander, and turmeric.
# Add the potatoes, carrots, green bananas, green beans, cabbage, and bell pepper.
# Pour in the reserved stock.
# Add the cooked beef.
# Bring to a boil, then reduce the heat and simmer for 30–40 minutes.
# Cook until all vegetables are tender.
# Season with salt, black pepper, and lime juice.
# Garnish with chopped coriander.
# Serve hot.

== Serving ==

Mchemsho is commonly served with:

* [[Cookbook:Ugali]]
* [[Cookbook:Chapati]]
* Wali wa Nazi
* Fresh [[Cookbook:bread|bread]]

== Variations ==

* Chicken mchemsho
* Fish mchemsho
* Vegetarian mchemsho
* Mchemsho with eggplant
* Mchemsho with coconut milk

== Tips ==

* Green cooking bananas give the stew its traditional texture and flavor.
* Homemade beef stock produces a richer broth.
* Add lime juice just before serving for a fresh taste.
* Do not overcook the vegetables; they should remain slightly firm.
* The stew tastes even better after resting for a few minutes before serving.

== Notes ==

* Mchemsho literally means &quot;something boiled&quot; in Swahili.
* The dish commonly includes meat, potatoes, carrots, green bananas, and assorted vegetables simmered together.
* It is especially associated with northern Tanzania and is often enjoyed during special gatherings.


[[Category:Recipes]]
[[Category:Tanzanian recipes]]
[[Category:Grilled recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes using meat]]
[[Category:Inexpensive recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes_with_metric_units]]
[[Category:Vegetarian recipes]]
[[Category:Vegan recipes]]
[[Category:Main course recipes]]
[[Category:Side dish recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes using coriander]]
[[Category:Recipes using garam masala]]
[[Category:Recipes using ground cumin]]
[[Category:Recipes using vegetable oil]]
[[Category:Recipes using lamb and mutton]]</text>
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      <id>4680087</id>
      <parentid>4680086</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-05T04:41:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>A Sulaiman Z</username>
        <id>3412824</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Ingredients */</comment>
      <origin>4680087</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="3781" sha1="fny3gyoqw04qs367q2aj4943j2nx8r3" xml:space="preserve">{{Recipe summary
| Category = Tanzanian cuisine
| Difficulty = 3
}}{{Incomplete recipe|reason=incorrect categories, sections need to be condensed}}
{{Recipe}}

'''Mchemsho''' is a traditional Tanzanian mixed [[Cookbook:stew|stew]] consisting of [[Cookbook:meat|meat]], [[Cookbook:vegetables|vegetables]], [[Cookbook:banana|green bananas]], and aromatic spices simmered together in a flavorful broth. The name ''mchemsho'' comes from the Swahili word ''chemsha'', meaning &quot;to boil&quot;. The dish is particularly popular in northern Tanzania and is often prepared for special occasions, family gatherings, and weekend meals. It may be served on its own or accompanied by rice, chapati, or ugali. 

== Ingredients ==

* 500 g [[Cookbook:beef|beef]], cut into cubes
* 4 green cooking [[Cookbook: Banana|bananas]], peeled and sliced
* 3 medium [[Cookbook:potatoes|potatoes]], peeled and cubed
* 2 [[Cookbook: Carrot|carrots]], sliced
* 1 cup [[Cookbook: Green Bean|green beans]], trimmed
* 1 small [[Cookbook:cabbage|cabbage]], chopped
* 1 large onion, chopped
* 3 cloves [[Cookbook:garlic|garlic]], minced
* 1 tbsp fresh [[Cookbook:ginger|ginger]], grated
* 2 [[Cookbook: Tomato|tomatoes]], diced
* 1 green [[Cookbook: Bell Pepper|bell pepper]], sliced
* 2 tbsp [[Cookbook:Vegetable Oil|vegetable oil]]
* 5 cups beef stock or water
* 1 tsp ground [[Cookbook:cumin|cumin]]
* 1 tsp ground [[Cookbook:coriander|coriander]]
* ½ tsp [[Cookbook:turmeric|turmeric]]
* Salt, to taste
* Black pepper, to taste
* Juice of 1 lime or lemon
* Fresh coriander (cilantro), chopped, for garnish

== Procedure ==

# Place the beef in a large pot and cover with water.
# Add half of the onion, half of the ginger, and a pinch of salt.
# Simmer until the meat becomes tender, about 1–1½ hours.
# Reserve the cooking stock.
# Heat the oil in a separate large pot.
# Sauté the remaining onion until soft.
# Add the garlic and remaining ginger and cook for 1 minute.
# Stir in the tomatoes and cook until softened.
# Add the cumin, coriander, and turmeric.
# Add the potatoes, carrots, green bananas, green beans, cabbage, and bell pepper.
# Pour in the reserved stock.
# Add the cooked beef.
# Bring to a boil, then reduce the heat and simmer for 30–40 minutes.
# Cook until all vegetables are tender.
# Season with salt, black pepper, and lime juice.
# Garnish with chopped coriander.
# Serve hot.

== Serving ==

Mchemsho is commonly served with:

* [[Cookbook:Ugali]]
* [[Cookbook:Chapati]]
* Wali wa Nazi
* Fresh [[Cookbook:bread|bread]]

== Variations ==

* Chicken mchemsho
* Fish mchemsho
* Vegetarian mchemsho
* Mchemsho with eggplant
* Mchemsho with coconut milk

== Tips ==

* Green cooking bananas give the stew its traditional texture and flavor.
* Homemade beef stock produces a richer broth.
* Add lime juice just before serving for a fresh taste.
* Do not overcook the vegetables; they should remain slightly firm.
* The stew tastes even better after resting for a few minutes before serving.

== Notes ==

* Mchemsho literally means &quot;something boiled&quot; in Swahili.
* The dish commonly includes meat, potatoes, carrots, green bananas, and assorted vegetables simmered together.
* It is especially associated with northern Tanzania and is often enjoyed during special gatherings.


[[Category:Recipes]]
[[Category:Tanzanian recipes]]
[[Category:Grilled recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes using meat]]
[[Category:Inexpensive recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes_with_metric_units]]
[[Category:Vegetarian recipes]]
[[Category:Vegan recipes]]
[[Category:Main course recipes]]
[[Category:Side dish recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes using coriander]]
[[Category:Recipes using garam masala]]
[[Category:Recipes using ground cumin]]
[[Category:Recipes using vegetable oil]]
[[Category:Recipes using lamb and mutton]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>4680088</id>
      <parentid>4680087</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-05T04:42:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>A Sulaiman Z</username>
        <id>3412824</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Ingredients */</comment>
      <origin>4680088</origin>
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      <text bytes="3801" sha1="sni4bcu2h42imxnt1e4sqlwr24z52xy" xml:space="preserve">{{Recipe summary
| Category = Tanzanian cuisine
| Difficulty = 3
}}{{Incomplete recipe|reason=incorrect categories, sections need to be condensed}}
{{Recipe}}

'''Mchemsho''' is a traditional Tanzanian mixed [[Cookbook:stew|stew]] consisting of [[Cookbook:meat|meat]], [[Cookbook:vegetables|vegetables]], [[Cookbook:banana|green bananas]], and aromatic spices simmered together in a flavorful broth. The name ''mchemsho'' comes from the Swahili word ''chemsha'', meaning &quot;to boil&quot;. The dish is particularly popular in northern Tanzania and is often prepared for special occasions, family gatherings, and weekend meals. It may be served on its own or accompanied by rice, chapati, or ugali. 

== Ingredients ==

* 500 g [[Cookbook:beef|beef]], cut into cubes
* 4 green cooking [[Cookbook: Banana|bananas]], peeled and sliced
* 3 medium [[Cookbook:potatoes|potatoes]], peeled and cubed
* 2 [[Cookbook: Carrot|carrots]], sliced
* 1 cup [[Cookbook: Green Bean|green beans]], trimmed
* 1 small [[Cookbook:cabbage|cabbage]], chopped
* 1 large [[Cookbook: Onion|onion]], chopped
* 3 cloves [[Cookbook:garlic|garlic]], minced
* 1 tbsp fresh [[Cookbook:ginger|ginger]], grated
* 2 [[Cookbook: Tomato|tomatoes]], diced
* 1 green [[Cookbook: Bell Pepper|bell pepper]], sliced
* 2 tbsp [[Cookbook:Vegetable Oil|vegetable oil]]
* 5 cups beef stock or water
* 1 tsp ground [[Cookbook:cumin|cumin]]
* 1 tsp ground [[Cookbook:coriander|coriander]]
* ½ tsp [[Cookbook:turmeric|turmeric]]
* Salt, to taste
* Black pepper, to taste
* Juice of 1 lime or lemon
* Fresh coriander (cilantro), chopped, for garnish

== Procedure ==

# Place the beef in a large pot and cover with water.
# Add half of the onion, half of the ginger, and a pinch of salt.
# Simmer until the meat becomes tender, about 1–1½ hours.
# Reserve the cooking stock.
# Heat the oil in a separate large pot.
# Sauté the remaining onion until soft.
# Add the garlic and remaining ginger and cook for 1 minute.
# Stir in the tomatoes and cook until softened.
# Add the cumin, coriander, and turmeric.
# Add the potatoes, carrots, green bananas, green beans, cabbage, and bell pepper.
# Pour in the reserved stock.
# Add the cooked beef.
# Bring to a boil, then reduce the heat and simmer for 30–40 minutes.
# Cook until all vegetables are tender.
# Season with salt, black pepper, and lime juice.
# Garnish with chopped coriander.
# Serve hot.

== Serving ==

Mchemsho is commonly served with:

* [[Cookbook:Ugali]]
* [[Cookbook:Chapati]]
* Wali wa Nazi
* Fresh [[Cookbook:bread|bread]]

== Variations ==

* Chicken mchemsho
* Fish mchemsho
* Vegetarian mchemsho
* Mchemsho with eggplant
* Mchemsho with coconut milk

== Tips ==

* Green cooking bananas give the stew its traditional texture and flavor.
* Homemade beef stock produces a richer broth.
* Add lime juice just before serving for a fresh taste.
* Do not overcook the vegetables; they should remain slightly firm.
* The stew tastes even better after resting for a few minutes before serving.

== Notes ==

* Mchemsho literally means &quot;something boiled&quot; in Swahili.
* The dish commonly includes meat, potatoes, carrots, green bananas, and assorted vegetables simmered together.
* It is especially associated with northern Tanzania and is often enjoyed during special gatherings.


[[Category:Recipes]]
[[Category:Tanzanian recipes]]
[[Category:Grilled recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes using meat]]
[[Category:Inexpensive recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes_with_metric_units]]
[[Category:Vegetarian recipes]]
[[Category:Vegan recipes]]
[[Category:Main course recipes]]
[[Category:Side dish recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes using coriander]]
[[Category:Recipes using garam masala]]
[[Category:Recipes using ground cumin]]
[[Category:Recipes using vegetable oil]]
[[Category:Recipes using lamb and mutton]]</text>
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      <parentid>4680088</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-05T04:43:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>A Sulaiman Z</username>
        <id>3412824</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Ingredients */</comment>
      <origin>4680089</origin>
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      <text bytes="3845" sha1="6cry6e80a4qxs31lnzptb83fl08vyf6" xml:space="preserve">{{Recipe summary
| Category = Tanzanian cuisine
| Difficulty = 3
}}{{Incomplete recipe|reason=incorrect categories, sections need to be condensed}}
{{Recipe}}

'''Mchemsho''' is a traditional Tanzanian mixed [[Cookbook:stew|stew]] consisting of [[Cookbook:meat|meat]], [[Cookbook:vegetables|vegetables]], [[Cookbook:banana|green bananas]], and aromatic spices simmered together in a flavorful broth. The name ''mchemsho'' comes from the Swahili word ''chemsha'', meaning &quot;to boil&quot;. The dish is particularly popular in northern Tanzania and is often prepared for special occasions, family gatherings, and weekend meals. It may be served on its own or accompanied by rice, chapati, or ugali. 

== Ingredients ==

* 500 g [[Cookbook:beef|beef]], cut into cubes
* 4 green cooking [[Cookbook: Banana|bananas]], peeled and sliced
* 3 medium [[Cookbook:potatoes|potatoes]], peeled and cubed
* 2 [[Cookbook: Carrot|carrots]], sliced
* 1 cup [[Cookbook: Green Bean|green beans]], trimmed
* 1 small [[Cookbook:cabbage|cabbage]], chopped
* 1 large [[Cookbook: Onion|onion]], chopped
* 3 [[Cookbook:Clove|cloves]] [[Cookbook:garlic|garlic]], minced
* 1 [[Cookbook: Tablespoon|tbsp]] fresh [[Cookbook:ginger|ginger]], grated
* 2 [[Cookbook: Tomato|tomatoes]], diced
* 1 green [[Cookbook: Bell Pepper|bell pepper]], sliced
* 2 tbsp [[Cookbook:Vegetable Oil|vegetable oil]]
* 5 cups beef stock or water
* 1 tsp ground [[Cookbook:cumin|cumin]]
* 1 tsp ground [[Cookbook:coriander|coriander]]
* ½ tsp [[Cookbook:turmeric|turmeric]]
* Salt, to taste
* Black pepper, to taste
* Juice of 1 lime or lemon
* Fresh coriander (cilantro), chopped, for garnish

== Procedure ==

# Place the beef in a large pot and cover with water.
# Add half of the onion, half of the ginger, and a pinch of salt.
# Simmer until the meat becomes tender, about 1–1½ hours.
# Reserve the cooking stock.
# Heat the oil in a separate large pot.
# Sauté the remaining onion until soft.
# Add the garlic and remaining ginger and cook for 1 minute.
# Stir in the tomatoes and cook until softened.
# Add the cumin, coriander, and turmeric.
# Add the potatoes, carrots, green bananas, green beans, cabbage, and bell pepper.
# Pour in the reserved stock.
# Add the cooked beef.
# Bring to a boil, then reduce the heat and simmer for 30–40 minutes.
# Cook until all vegetables are tender.
# Season with salt, black pepper, and lime juice.
# Garnish with chopped coriander.
# Serve hot.

== Serving ==

Mchemsho is commonly served with:

* [[Cookbook:Ugali]]
* [[Cookbook:Chapati]]
* Wali wa Nazi
* Fresh [[Cookbook:bread|bread]]

== Variations ==

* Chicken mchemsho
* Fish mchemsho
* Vegetarian mchemsho
* Mchemsho with eggplant
* Mchemsho with coconut milk

== Tips ==

* Green cooking bananas give the stew its traditional texture and flavor.
* Homemade beef stock produces a richer broth.
* Add lime juice just before serving for a fresh taste.
* Do not overcook the vegetables; they should remain slightly firm.
* The stew tastes even better after resting for a few minutes before serving.

== Notes ==

* Mchemsho literally means &quot;something boiled&quot; in Swahili.
* The dish commonly includes meat, potatoes, carrots, green bananas, and assorted vegetables simmered together.
* It is especially associated with northern Tanzania and is often enjoyed during special gatherings.


[[Category:Recipes]]
[[Category:Tanzanian recipes]]
[[Category:Grilled recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes using meat]]
[[Category:Inexpensive recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes_with_metric_units]]
[[Category:Vegetarian recipes]]
[[Category:Vegan recipes]]
[[Category:Main course recipes]]
[[Category:Side dish recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes using coriander]]
[[Category:Recipes using garam masala]]
[[Category:Recipes using ground cumin]]
[[Category:Recipes using vegetable oil]]
[[Category:Recipes using lamb and mutton]]</text>
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      <id>4680090</id>
      <parentid>4680089</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-05T04:45:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>A Sulaiman Z</username>
        <id>3412824</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Ingredients */</comment>
      <origin>4680090</origin>
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      <text bytes="3889" sha1="edb5d74fqhfux154yoppvct7rbkr4vw" xml:space="preserve">{{Recipe summary
| Category = Tanzanian cuisine
| Difficulty = 3
}}{{Incomplete recipe|reason=incorrect categories, sections need to be condensed}}
{{Recipe}}

'''Mchemsho''' is a traditional Tanzanian mixed [[Cookbook:stew|stew]] consisting of [[Cookbook:meat|meat]], [[Cookbook:vegetables|vegetables]], [[Cookbook:banana|green bananas]], and aromatic spices simmered together in a flavorful broth. The name ''mchemsho'' comes from the Swahili word ''chemsha'', meaning &quot;to boil&quot;. The dish is particularly popular in northern Tanzania and is often prepared for special occasions, family gatherings, and weekend meals. It may be served on its own or accompanied by rice, chapati, or ugali. 

== Ingredients ==

* 500 g [[Cookbook:beef|beef]], cut into cubes
* 4 green cooking [[Cookbook: Banana|bananas]], peeled and sliced
* 3 medium [[Cookbook:potatoes|potatoes]], peeled and cubed
* 2 [[Cookbook: Carrot|carrots]], sliced
* 1 cup [[Cookbook: Green Bean|green beans]], trimmed
* 1 small [[Cookbook:cabbage|cabbage]], chopped
* 1 large [[Cookbook: Onion|onion]], chopped
* 3 [[Cookbook:Clove|cloves]] [[Cookbook:garlic|garlic]], minced
* 1 [[Cookbook: Tablespoon|tbsp]] fresh [[Cookbook:ginger|ginger]], grated
* 2 [[Cookbook: Tomato|tomatoes]], diced
* 1 green [[Cookbook: Bell Pepper|bell pepper]], sliced
* 2 tbsp [[Cookbook:Vegetable Oil|vegetable oil]]
* 5 cups [[Cookbook:Beef Stock|beef stock]] or [[Cookbook: Water|water]]
* 1 tsp ground [[Cookbook:cumin|cumin]]
* 1 tsp ground [[Cookbook:coriander|coriander]]
* ½ tsp [[Cookbook:turmeric|turmeric]]
* Salt, to taste
* Black pepper, to taste
* Juice of 1 lime or lemon
* Fresh coriander (cilantro), chopped, for garnish

== Procedure ==

# Place the beef in a large pot and cover with water.
# Add half of the onion, half of the ginger, and a pinch of salt.
# Simmer until the meat becomes tender, about 1–1½ hours.
# Reserve the cooking stock.
# Heat the oil in a separate large pot.
# Sauté the remaining onion until soft.
# Add the garlic and remaining ginger and cook for 1 minute.
# Stir in the tomatoes and cook until softened.
# Add the cumin, coriander, and turmeric.
# Add the potatoes, carrots, green bananas, green beans, cabbage, and bell pepper.
# Pour in the reserved stock.
# Add the cooked beef.
# Bring to a boil, then reduce the heat and simmer for 30–40 minutes.
# Cook until all vegetables are tender.
# Season with salt, black pepper, and lime juice.
# Garnish with chopped coriander.
# Serve hot.

== Serving ==

Mchemsho is commonly served with:

* [[Cookbook:Ugali]]
* [[Cookbook:Chapati]]
* Wali wa Nazi
* Fresh [[Cookbook:bread|bread]]

== Variations ==

* Chicken mchemsho
* Fish mchemsho
* Vegetarian mchemsho
* Mchemsho with eggplant
* Mchemsho with coconut milk

== Tips ==

* Green cooking bananas give the stew its traditional texture and flavor.
* Homemade beef stock produces a richer broth.
* Add lime juice just before serving for a fresh taste.
* Do not overcook the vegetables; they should remain slightly firm.
* The stew tastes even better after resting for a few minutes before serving.

== Notes ==

* Mchemsho literally means &quot;something boiled&quot; in Swahili.
* The dish commonly includes meat, potatoes, carrots, green bananas, and assorted vegetables simmered together.
* It is especially associated with northern Tanzania and is often enjoyed during special gatherings.


[[Category:Recipes]]
[[Category:Tanzanian recipes]]
[[Category:Grilled recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes using meat]]
[[Category:Inexpensive recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes_with_metric_units]]
[[Category:Vegetarian recipes]]
[[Category:Vegan recipes]]
[[Category:Main course recipes]]
[[Category:Side dish recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes using coriander]]
[[Category:Recipes using garam masala]]
[[Category:Recipes using ground cumin]]
[[Category:Recipes using vegetable oil]]
[[Category:Recipes using lamb and mutton]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>4680091</id>
      <parentid>4680090</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-05T04:47:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>A Sulaiman Z</username>
        <id>3412824</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Ingredients */</comment>
      <origin>4680091</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="3934" sha1="g6bpw2wv8ikgxbiyqn8fii3c4rk756f" xml:space="preserve">{{Recipe summary
| Category = Tanzanian cuisine
| Difficulty = 3
}}{{Incomplete recipe|reason=incorrect categories, sections need to be condensed}}
{{Recipe}}

'''Mchemsho''' is a traditional Tanzanian mixed [[Cookbook:stew|stew]] consisting of [[Cookbook:meat|meat]], [[Cookbook:vegetables|vegetables]], [[Cookbook:banana|green bananas]], and aromatic spices simmered together in a flavorful broth. The name ''mchemsho'' comes from the Swahili word ''chemsha'', meaning &quot;to boil&quot;. The dish is particularly popular in northern Tanzania and is often prepared for special occasions, family gatherings, and weekend meals. It may be served on its own or accompanied by rice, chapati, or ugali. 

== Ingredients ==

* 500 g [[Cookbook:beef|beef]], cut into cubes
* 4 green cooking [[Cookbook: Banana|bananas]], peeled and sliced
* 3 medium [[Cookbook:potatoes|potatoes]], peeled and cubed
* 2 [[Cookbook: Carrot|carrots]], sliced
* 1 cup [[Cookbook: Green Bean|green beans]], trimmed
* 1 small [[Cookbook:cabbage|cabbage]], chopped
* 1 large [[Cookbook: Onion|onion]], chopped
* 3 [[Cookbook:Clove|cloves]] [[Cookbook:garlic|garlic]], minced
* 1 [[Cookbook: Tablespoon|tbsp]] fresh [[Cookbook:ginger|ginger]], grated
* 2 [[Cookbook: Tomato|tomatoes]], diced
* 1 green [[Cookbook: Bell Pepper|bell pepper]], sliced
* 2 tbsp [[Cookbook:Vegetable Oil|vegetable oil]]
* 5 cups [[Cookbook:Beef Stock|beef stock]] or [[Cookbook: Water|water]]
* 1 tsp ground [[Cookbook:cumin|cumin]]
* 1 tsp ground [[Cookbook:coriander|coriander]]
* ½ tsp [[Cookbook:turmeric|turmeric]]
* [[Cookbook:Salt|Salt]], to taste
* [[Cookbook: Black Pepper|Black pepper]], to taste
* Juice of 1 lime or lemon
* Fresh coriander (cilantro), chopped, for garnish

== Procedure ==

# Place the beef in a large pot and cover with water.
# Add half of the onion, half of the ginger, and a pinch of salt.
# Simmer until the meat becomes tender, about 1–1½ hours.
# Reserve the cooking stock.
# Heat the oil in a separate large pot.
# Sauté the remaining onion until soft.
# Add the garlic and remaining ginger and cook for 1 minute.
# Stir in the tomatoes and cook until softened.
# Add the cumin, coriander, and turmeric.
# Add the potatoes, carrots, green bananas, green beans, cabbage, and bell pepper.
# Pour in the reserved stock.
# Add the cooked beef.
# Bring to a boil, then reduce the heat and simmer for 30–40 minutes.
# Cook until all vegetables are tender.
# Season with salt, black pepper, and lime juice.
# Garnish with chopped coriander.
# Serve hot.

== Serving ==

Mchemsho is commonly served with:

* [[Cookbook:Ugali]]
* [[Cookbook:Chapati]]
* Wali wa Nazi
* Fresh [[Cookbook:bread|bread]]

== Variations ==

* Chicken mchemsho
* Fish mchemsho
* Vegetarian mchemsho
* Mchemsho with eggplant
* Mchemsho with coconut milk

== Tips ==

* Green cooking bananas give the stew its traditional texture and flavor.
* Homemade beef stock produces a richer broth.
* Add lime juice just before serving for a fresh taste.
* Do not overcook the vegetables; they should remain slightly firm.
* The stew tastes even better after resting for a few minutes before serving.

== Notes ==

* Mchemsho literally means &quot;something boiled&quot; in Swahili.
* The dish commonly includes meat, potatoes, carrots, green bananas, and assorted vegetables simmered together.
* It is especially associated with northern Tanzania and is often enjoyed during special gatherings.


[[Category:Recipes]]
[[Category:Tanzanian recipes]]
[[Category:Grilled recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes using meat]]
[[Category:Inexpensive recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes_with_metric_units]]
[[Category:Vegetarian recipes]]
[[Category:Vegan recipes]]
[[Category:Main course recipes]]
[[Category:Side dish recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes using coriander]]
[[Category:Recipes using garam masala]]
[[Category:Recipes using ground cumin]]
[[Category:Recipes using vegetable oil]]
[[Category:Recipes using lamb and mutton]]</text>
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      <id>4680092</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-11-05T04:48:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>A Sulaiman Z</username>
        <id>3412824</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Ingredients */</comment>
      <origin>4680092</origin>
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      <text bytes="3972" sha1="jlhs3pzhthohdqcwi53wiehi58xpz8f" xml:space="preserve">{{Recipe summary
| Category = Tanzanian cuisine
| Difficulty = 3
}}{{Incomplete recipe|reason=incorrect categories, sections need to be condensed}}
{{Recipe}}

'''Mchemsho''' is a traditional Tanzanian mixed [[Cookbook:stew|stew]] consisting of [[Cookbook:meat|meat]], [[Cookbook:vegetables|vegetables]], [[Cookbook:banana|green bananas]], and aromatic spices simmered together in a flavorful broth. The name ''mchemsho'' comes from the Swahili word ''chemsha'', meaning &quot;to boil&quot;. The dish is particularly popular in northern Tanzania and is often prepared for special occasions, family gatherings, and weekend meals. It may be served on its own or accompanied by rice, chapati, or ugali. 

== Ingredients ==

* 500 g [[Cookbook:beef|beef]], cut into cubes
* 4 green cooking [[Cookbook: Banana|bananas]], peeled and sliced
* 3 medium [[Cookbook:potatoes|potatoes]], peeled and cubed
* 2 [[Cookbook: Carrot|carrots]], sliced
* 1 cup [[Cookbook: Green Bean|green beans]], trimmed
* 1 small [[Cookbook:cabbage|cabbage]], chopped
* 1 large [[Cookbook: Onion|onion]], chopped
* 3 [[Cookbook:Clove|cloves]] [[Cookbook:garlic|garlic]], minced
* 1 [[Cookbook: Tablespoon|tbsp]] fresh [[Cookbook:ginger|ginger]], grated
* 2 [[Cookbook: Tomato|tomatoes]], diced
* 1 green [[Cookbook: Bell Pepper|bell pepper]], sliced
* 2 tbsp [[Cookbook:Vegetable Oil|vegetable oil]]
* 5 cups [[Cookbook:Beef Stock|beef stock]] or [[Cookbook: Water|water]]
* 1 tsp ground [[Cookbook:cumin|cumin]]
* 1 tsp ground [[Cookbook:coriander|coriander]]
* ½ tsp [[Cookbook:turmeric|turmeric]]
* [[Cookbook:Salt|Salt]], to taste
* [[Cookbook: Black Pepper|Black pepper]], to taste
* Juice of 1 [[Cookbook:Lime|lime]] or [[Cookbook: Lemon|lemon]]
* Fresh coriander (cilantro), chopped, for garnish

== Procedure ==

# Place the beef in a large pot and cover with water.
# Add half of the onion, half of the ginger, and a pinch of salt.
# Simmer until the meat becomes tender, about 1–1½ hours.
# Reserve the cooking stock.
# Heat the oil in a separate large pot.
# Sauté the remaining onion until soft.
# Add the garlic and remaining ginger and cook for 1 minute.
# Stir in the tomatoes and cook until softened.
# Add the cumin, coriander, and turmeric.
# Add the potatoes, carrots, green bananas, green beans, cabbage, and bell pepper.
# Pour in the reserved stock.
# Add the cooked beef.
# Bring to a boil, then reduce the heat and simmer for 30–40 minutes.
# Cook until all vegetables are tender.
# Season with salt, black pepper, and lime juice.
# Garnish with chopped coriander.
# Serve hot.

== Serving ==

Mchemsho is commonly served with:

* [[Cookbook:Ugali]]
* [[Cookbook:Chapati]]
* Wali wa Nazi
* Fresh [[Cookbook:bread|bread]]

== Variations ==

* Chicken mchemsho
* Fish mchemsho
* Vegetarian mchemsho
* Mchemsho with eggplant
* Mchemsho with coconut milk

== Tips ==

* Green cooking bananas give the stew its traditional texture and flavor.
* Homemade beef stock produces a richer broth.
* Add lime juice just before serving for a fresh taste.
* Do not overcook the vegetables; they should remain slightly firm.
* The stew tastes even better after resting for a few minutes before serving.

== Notes ==

* Mchemsho literally means &quot;something boiled&quot; in Swahili.
* The dish commonly includes meat, potatoes, carrots, green bananas, and assorted vegetables simmered together.
* It is especially associated with northern Tanzania and is often enjoyed during special gatherings.


[[Category:Recipes]]
[[Category:Tanzanian recipes]]
[[Category:Grilled recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes using meat]]
[[Category:Inexpensive recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes_with_metric_units]]
[[Category:Vegetarian recipes]]
[[Category:Vegan recipes]]
[[Category:Main course recipes]]
[[Category:Side dish recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes using coriander]]
[[Category:Recipes using garam masala]]
[[Category:Recipes using ground cumin]]
[[Category:Recipes using vegetable oil]]
[[Category:Recipes using lamb and mutton]]</text>
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      <id>4680094</id>
      <parentid>4680092</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-05T04:50:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>A Sulaiman Z</username>
        <id>3412824</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Ingredients */</comment>
      <origin>4680094</origin>
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      <text bytes="3996" sha1="qwv68kmwg840w9os5tq75980yvhj50u" xml:space="preserve">{{Recipe summary
| Category = Tanzanian cuisine
| Difficulty = 3
}}{{Incomplete recipe|reason=incorrect categories, sections need to be condensed}}
{{Recipe}}

'''Mchemsho''' is a traditional Tanzanian mixed [[Cookbook:stew|stew]] consisting of [[Cookbook:meat|meat]], [[Cookbook:vegetables|vegetables]], [[Cookbook:banana|green bananas]], and aromatic spices simmered together in a flavorful broth. The name ''mchemsho'' comes from the Swahili word ''chemsha'', meaning &quot;to boil&quot;. The dish is particularly popular in northern Tanzania and is often prepared for special occasions, family gatherings, and weekend meals. It may be served on its own or accompanied by rice, chapati, or ugali. 

== Ingredients ==

* 500 g [[Cookbook:beef|beef]], cut into cubes
* 4 green cooking [[Cookbook: Banana|bananas]], peeled and sliced
* 3 medium [[Cookbook:potatoes|potatoes]], peeled and cubed
* 2 [[Cookbook: Carrot|carrots]], sliced
* 1 cup [[Cookbook: Green Bean|green beans]], trimmed
* 1 small [[Cookbook:cabbage|cabbage]], chopped
* 1 large [[Cookbook: Onion|onion]], chopped
* 3 [[Cookbook:Clove|cloves]] [[Cookbook:garlic|garlic]], minced
* 1 [[Cookbook: Tablespoon|tbsp]] fresh [[Cookbook:ginger|ginger]], grated
* 2 [[Cookbook: Tomato|tomatoes]], diced
* 1 green [[Cookbook: Bell Pepper|bell pepper]], sliced
* 2 tbsp [[Cookbook:Vegetable Oil|vegetable oil]]
* 5 cups [[Cookbook:Beef Stock|beef stock]] or [[Cookbook: Water|water]]
* 1 tsp ground [[Cookbook:cumin|cumin]]
* 1 tsp ground [[Cookbook:coriander|coriander]]
* ½ tsp [[Cookbook:turmeric|turmeric]]
* [[Cookbook:Salt|Salt]], to taste
* [[Cookbook: Black Pepper|Black pepper]], to taste
* Juice of 1 [[Cookbook:Lime|lime]] or [[Cookbook: Lemon|lemon]]
* Fresh [[Cookbook: Coriander|coriander]] (cilantro), chopped, for garnish

== Procedure ==

# Place the beef in a large pot and cover with water.
# Add half of the onion, half of the ginger, and a pinch of salt.
# Simmer until the meat becomes tender, about 1–1½ hours.
# Reserve the cooking stock.
# Heat the oil in a separate large pot.
# Sauté the remaining onion until soft.
# Add the garlic and remaining ginger and cook for 1 minute.
# Stir in the tomatoes and cook until softened.
# Add the cumin, coriander, and turmeric.
# Add the potatoes, carrots, green bananas, green beans, cabbage, and bell pepper.
# Pour in the reserved stock.
# Add the cooked beef.
# Bring to a boil, then reduce the heat and simmer for 30–40 minutes.
# Cook until all vegetables are tender.
# Season with salt, black pepper, and lime juice.
# Garnish with chopped coriander.
# Serve hot.

== Serving ==

Mchemsho is commonly served with:

* [[Cookbook:Ugali]]
* [[Cookbook:Chapati]]
* Wali wa Nazi
* Fresh [[Cookbook:bread|bread]]

== Variations ==

* Chicken mchemsho
* Fish mchemsho
* Vegetarian mchemsho
* Mchemsho with eggplant
* Mchemsho with coconut milk

== Tips ==

* Green cooking bananas give the stew its traditional texture and flavor.
* Homemade beef stock produces a richer broth.
* Add lime juice just before serving for a fresh taste.
* Do not overcook the vegetables; they should remain slightly firm.
* The stew tastes even better after resting for a few minutes before serving.

== Notes ==

* Mchemsho literally means &quot;something boiled&quot; in Swahili.
* The dish commonly includes meat, potatoes, carrots, green bananas, and assorted vegetables simmered together.
* It is especially associated with northern Tanzania and is often enjoyed during special gatherings.


[[Category:Recipes]]
[[Category:Tanzanian recipes]]
[[Category:Grilled recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes using meat]]
[[Category:Inexpensive recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes_with_metric_units]]
[[Category:Vegetarian recipes]]
[[Category:Vegan recipes]]
[[Category:Main course recipes]]
[[Category:Side dish recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes using coriander]]
[[Category:Recipes using garam masala]]
[[Category:Recipes using ground cumin]]
[[Category:Recipes using vegetable oil]]
[[Category:Recipes using lamb and mutton]]</text>
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      <id>4680095</id>
      <parentid>4680094</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-05T04:51:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>A Sulaiman Z</username>
        <id>3412824</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Ingredients */</comment>
      <origin>4680095</origin>
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      <text bytes="4019" sha1="eiixj4s0th6pig6dygl85au2qpnaqpb" xml:space="preserve">{{Recipe summary
| Category = Tanzanian cuisine
| Difficulty = 3
}}{{Incomplete recipe|reason=incorrect categories, sections need to be condensed}}
{{Recipe}}

'''Mchemsho''' is a traditional Tanzanian mixed [[Cookbook:stew|stew]] consisting of [[Cookbook:meat|meat]], [[Cookbook:vegetables|vegetables]], [[Cookbook:banana|green bananas]], and aromatic spices simmered together in a flavorful broth. The name ''mchemsho'' comes from the Swahili word ''chemsha'', meaning &quot;to boil&quot;. The dish is particularly popular in northern Tanzania and is often prepared for special occasions, family gatherings, and weekend meals. It may be served on its own or accompanied by rice, chapati, or ugali. 

== Ingredients ==

* 500 g [[Cookbook:beef|beef]], cut into cubes
* 4 green cooking [[Cookbook: Banana|bananas]], peeled and sliced
* 3 medium [[Cookbook:potatoes|potatoes]], peeled and cubed
* 2 [[Cookbook: Carrot|carrots]], sliced
* 1 cup [[Cookbook: Green Bean|green beans]], trimmed
* 1 small [[Cookbook:cabbage|cabbage]], chopped
* 1 large [[Cookbook: Onion|onion]], chopped
* 3 [[Cookbook:Clove|cloves]] [[Cookbook:garlic|garlic]], minced
* 1 [[Cookbook: Tablespoon|tbsp]] fresh [[Cookbook:ginger|ginger]], grated
* 2 [[Cookbook: Tomato|tomatoes]], diced
* 1 green [[Cookbook: Bell Pepper|bell pepper]], sliced
* 2 tbsp [[Cookbook:Vegetable Oil|vegetable oil]]
* 5 cups [[Cookbook:Beef Stock|beef stock]] or [[Cookbook: Water|water]]
* 1 tsp ground [[Cookbook:cumin|cumin]]
* 1 tsp ground [[Cookbook:coriander|coriander]]
* ½ tsp [[Cookbook:turmeric|turmeric]]
* [[Cookbook:Salt|Salt]], to taste
* [[Cookbook: Black Pepper|Black pepper]], to taste
* Juice of 1 [[Cookbook:Lime|lime]] or [[Cookbook: Lemon|lemon]]
* Fresh [[Cookbook: Coriander|coriander]] ([[Cookbook: Cilantro|cilantro]]), chopped, for garnish

== Procedure ==

# Place the beef in a large pot and cover with water.
# Add half of the onion, half of the ginger, and a pinch of salt.
# Simmer until the meat becomes tender, about 1–1½ hours.
# Reserve the cooking stock.
# Heat the oil in a separate large pot.
# Sauté the remaining onion until soft.
# Add the garlic and remaining ginger and cook for 1 minute.
# Stir in the tomatoes and cook until softened.
# Add the cumin, coriander, and turmeric.
# Add the potatoes, carrots, green bananas, green beans, cabbage, and bell pepper.
# Pour in the reserved stock.
# Add the cooked beef.
# Bring to a boil, then reduce the heat and simmer for 30–40 minutes.
# Cook until all vegetables are tender.
# Season with salt, black pepper, and lime juice.
# Garnish with chopped coriander.
# Serve hot.

== Serving ==

Mchemsho is commonly served with:

* [[Cookbook:Ugali]]
* [[Cookbook:Chapati]]
* Wali wa Nazi
* Fresh [[Cookbook:bread|bread]]

== Variations ==

* Chicken mchemsho
* Fish mchemsho
* Vegetarian mchemsho
* Mchemsho with eggplant
* Mchemsho with coconut milk

== Tips ==

* Green cooking bananas give the stew its traditional texture and flavor.
* Homemade beef stock produces a richer broth.
* Add lime juice just before serving for a fresh taste.
* Do not overcook the vegetables; they should remain slightly firm.
* The stew tastes even better after resting for a few minutes before serving.

== Notes ==

* Mchemsho literally means &quot;something boiled&quot; in Swahili.
* The dish commonly includes meat, potatoes, carrots, green bananas, and assorted vegetables simmered together.
* It is especially associated with northern Tanzania and is often enjoyed during special gatherings.


[[Category:Recipes]]
[[Category:Tanzanian recipes]]
[[Category:Grilled recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes using meat]]
[[Category:Inexpensive recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes_with_metric_units]]
[[Category:Vegetarian recipes]]
[[Category:Vegan recipes]]
[[Category:Main course recipes]]
[[Category:Side dish recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes using coriander]]
[[Category:Recipes using garam masala]]
[[Category:Recipes using ground cumin]]
[[Category:Recipes using vegetable oil]]
[[Category:Recipes using lamb and mutton]]</text>
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      <id>4680096</id>
      <parentid>4680095</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-05T04:52:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>A Sulaiman Z</username>
        <id>3412824</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Ingredients */</comment>
      <origin>4680096</origin>
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      <text bytes="4041" sha1="o3rq8k82k220omj0kx5zgn24gt1dvs5" xml:space="preserve">{{Recipe summary
| Category = Tanzanian cuisine
| Difficulty = 3
}}{{Incomplete recipe|reason=incorrect categories, sections need to be condensed}}
{{Recipe}}

'''Mchemsho''' is a traditional Tanzanian mixed [[Cookbook:stew|stew]] consisting of [[Cookbook:meat|meat]], [[Cookbook:vegetables|vegetables]], [[Cookbook:banana|green bananas]], and aromatic spices simmered together in a flavorful broth. The name ''mchemsho'' comes from the Swahili word ''chemsha'', meaning &quot;to boil&quot;. The dish is particularly popular in northern Tanzania and is often prepared for special occasions, family gatherings, and weekend meals. It may be served on its own or accompanied by rice, chapati, or ugali. 

== Ingredients ==

* 500 g [[Cookbook:beef|beef]], cut into cubes
* 4 green cooking [[Cookbook: Banana|bananas]], peeled and sliced
* 3 medium [[Cookbook:potatoes|potatoes]], peeled and cubed
* 2 [[Cookbook: Carrot|carrots]], sliced
* 1 cup [[Cookbook: Green Bean|green beans]], trimmed
* 1 small [[Cookbook:cabbage|cabbage]], chopped
* 1 large [[Cookbook: Onion|onion]], chopped
* 3 [[Cookbook:Clove|cloves]] [[Cookbook:garlic|garlic]], minced
* 1 [[Cookbook: Tablespoon|tbsp]] fresh [[Cookbook:ginger|ginger]], grated
* 2 [[Cookbook: Tomato|tomatoes]], diced
* 1 green [[Cookbook: Bell Pepper|bell pepper]], sliced
* 2 tbsp [[Cookbook:Vegetable Oil|vegetable oil]]
* 5 cups [[Cookbook:Beef Stock|beef stock]] or [[Cookbook: Water|water]]
* 1 tsp ground [[Cookbook:cumin|cumin]]
* 1 tsp ground [[Cookbook:coriander|coriander]]
* ½ tsp [[Cookbook:turmeric|turmeric]]
* [[Cookbook:Salt|Salt]], to taste
* [[Cookbook: Black Pepper|Black pepper]], to taste
* Juice of 1 [[Cookbook:Lime|lime]] or [[Cookbook: Lemon|lemon]]
* Fresh [[Cookbook: Coriander|coriander]] ([[Cookbook: Cilantro|cilantro]]), chopped, for [[Cookbook: Garnish|garnish]]

== Procedure ==

# Place the beef in a large pot and cover with water.
# Add half of the onion, half of the ginger, and a pinch of salt.
# Simmer until the meat becomes tender, about 1–1½ hours.
# Reserve the cooking stock.
# Heat the oil in a separate large pot.
# Sauté the remaining onion until soft.
# Add the garlic and remaining ginger and cook for 1 minute.
# Stir in the tomatoes and cook until softened.
# Add the cumin, coriander, and turmeric.
# Add the potatoes, carrots, green bananas, green beans, cabbage, and bell pepper.
# Pour in the reserved stock.
# Add the cooked beef.
# Bring to a boil, then reduce the heat and simmer for 30–40 minutes.
# Cook until all vegetables are tender.
# Season with salt, black pepper, and lime juice.
# Garnish with chopped coriander.
# Serve hot.

== Serving ==

Mchemsho is commonly served with:

* [[Cookbook:Ugali]]
* [[Cookbook:Chapati]]
* Wali wa Nazi
* Fresh [[Cookbook:bread|bread]]

== Variations ==

* Chicken mchemsho
* Fish mchemsho
* Vegetarian mchemsho
* Mchemsho with eggplant
* Mchemsho with coconut milk

== Tips ==

* Green cooking bananas give the stew its traditional texture and flavor.
* Homemade beef stock produces a richer broth.
* Add lime juice just before serving for a fresh taste.
* Do not overcook the vegetables; they should remain slightly firm.
* The stew tastes even better after resting for a few minutes before serving.

== Notes ==

* Mchemsho literally means &quot;something boiled&quot; in Swahili.
* The dish commonly includes meat, potatoes, carrots, green bananas, and assorted vegetables simmered together.
* It is especially associated with northern Tanzania and is often enjoyed during special gatherings.


[[Category:Recipes]]
[[Category:Tanzanian recipes]]
[[Category:Grilled recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes using meat]]
[[Category:Inexpensive recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes_with_metric_units]]
[[Category:Vegetarian recipes]]
[[Category:Vegan recipes]]
[[Category:Main course recipes]]
[[Category:Side dish recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes using coriander]]
[[Category:Recipes using garam masala]]
[[Category:Recipes using ground cumin]]
[[Category:Recipes using vegetable oil]]
[[Category:Recipes using lamb and mutton]]</text>
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      <id>4680097</id>
      <parentid>4680096</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-05T04:54:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>A Sulaiman Z</username>
        <id>3412824</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Serving */</comment>
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      <text bytes="4055" sha1="7jskf1y0oyj29ar3ljrc91gaadtt6i6" xml:space="preserve">{{Recipe summary
| Category = Tanzanian cuisine
| Difficulty = 3
}}{{Incomplete recipe|reason=incorrect categories, sections need to be condensed}}
{{Recipe}}

'''Mchemsho''' is a traditional Tanzanian mixed [[Cookbook:stew|stew]] consisting of [[Cookbook:meat|meat]], [[Cookbook:vegetables|vegetables]], [[Cookbook:banana|green bananas]], and aromatic spices simmered together in a flavorful broth. The name ''mchemsho'' comes from the Swahili word ''chemsha'', meaning &quot;to boil&quot;. The dish is particularly popular in northern Tanzania and is often prepared for special occasions, family gatherings, and weekend meals. It may be served on its own or accompanied by rice, chapati, or ugali. 

== Ingredients ==

* 500 g [[Cookbook:beef|beef]], cut into cubes
* 4 green cooking [[Cookbook: Banana|bananas]], peeled and sliced
* 3 medium [[Cookbook:potatoes|potatoes]], peeled and cubed
* 2 [[Cookbook: Carrot|carrots]], sliced
* 1 cup [[Cookbook: Green Bean|green beans]], trimmed
* 1 small [[Cookbook:cabbage|cabbage]], chopped
* 1 large [[Cookbook: Onion|onion]], chopped
* 3 [[Cookbook:Clove|cloves]] [[Cookbook:garlic|garlic]], minced
* 1 [[Cookbook: Tablespoon|tbsp]] fresh [[Cookbook:ginger|ginger]], grated
* 2 [[Cookbook: Tomato|tomatoes]], diced
* 1 green [[Cookbook: Bell Pepper|bell pepper]], sliced
* 2 tbsp [[Cookbook:Vegetable Oil|vegetable oil]]
* 5 cups [[Cookbook:Beef Stock|beef stock]] or [[Cookbook: Water|water]]
* 1 tsp ground [[Cookbook:cumin|cumin]]
* 1 tsp ground [[Cookbook:coriander|coriander]]
* ½ tsp [[Cookbook:turmeric|turmeric]]
* [[Cookbook:Salt|Salt]], to taste
* [[Cookbook: Black Pepper|Black pepper]], to taste
* Juice of 1 [[Cookbook:Lime|lime]] or [[Cookbook: Lemon|lemon]]
* Fresh [[Cookbook: Coriander|coriander]] ([[Cookbook: Cilantro|cilantro]]), chopped, for [[Cookbook: Garnish|garnish]]

== Procedure ==

# Place the beef in a large pot and cover with water.
# Add half of the onion, half of the ginger, and a pinch of salt.
# Simmer until the meat becomes tender, about 1–1½ hours.
# Reserve the cooking stock.
# Heat the oil in a separate large pot.
# Sauté the remaining onion until soft.
# Add the garlic and remaining ginger and cook for 1 minute.
# Stir in the tomatoes and cook until softened.
# Add the cumin, coriander, and turmeric.
# Add the potatoes, carrots, green bananas, green beans, cabbage, and bell pepper.
# Pour in the reserved stock.
# Add the cooked beef.
# Bring to a boil, then reduce the heat and simmer for 30–40 minutes.
# Cook until all vegetables are tender.
# Season with salt, black pepper, and lime juice.
# Garnish with chopped coriander.
# Serve hot.

== Serving ==

Mchemsho is commonly served with:

* [[Cookbook:Ugali|Ugali]]
* [[Cookbook:Chapati|Chapati]]
* Wali wa Nazi
* Fresh [[Cookbook:bread|bread]]

== Variations ==

* Chicken mchemsho
* Fish mchemsho
* Vegetarian mchemsho
* Mchemsho with eggplant
* Mchemsho with coconut milk

== Tips ==

* Green cooking bananas give the stew its traditional texture and flavor.
* Homemade beef stock produces a richer broth.
* Add lime juice just before serving for a fresh taste.
* Do not overcook the vegetables; they should remain slightly firm.
* The stew tastes even better after resting for a few minutes before serving.

== Notes ==

* Mchemsho literally means &quot;something boiled&quot; in Swahili.
* The dish commonly includes meat, potatoes, carrots, green bananas, and assorted vegetables simmered together.
* It is especially associated with northern Tanzania and is often enjoyed during special gatherings.


[[Category:Recipes]]
[[Category:Tanzanian recipes]]
[[Category:Grilled recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes using meat]]
[[Category:Inexpensive recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes_with_metric_units]]
[[Category:Vegetarian recipes]]
[[Category:Vegan recipes]]
[[Category:Main course recipes]]
[[Category:Side dish recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes using coriander]]
[[Category:Recipes using garam masala]]
[[Category:Recipes using ground cumin]]
[[Category:Recipes using vegetable oil]]
[[Category:Recipes using lamb and mutton]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Cookbook:Mtori (Tanzanian stew)</title>
    <ns>102</ns>
    <id>483750</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4680108</id>
      <parentid>4638740</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-05T05:14:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>A Sulaiman Z</username>
        <id>3412824</id>
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      <text bytes="4069" sha1="qsgp2zo42wtxkqhzq8rrcrc6ij3bot7" xml:space="preserve">__NOTOC__{{Recipe summary
| Category = Tanzania recipes
| Difficulty = 3
}}{{Incomplete recipe|reason=incorrect categories, sections need to be condensed}}
{{recipe}} | [[Cookbook:African cuisines|African cuisines]] | [[Cookbook:Vegetarian_cuisine|Vegetarian Cuisine]] | [[Cookbook:Vegan_cuisine|Vegan Cuisine]]

'''Mtori''' is a traditional Tanzanian [[Cookbook:stew|stew]] made from green [[Cookbook:banana|bananas]] (plantains) and [[Cookbook:meat|meat]], usually [[Cookbook:beef|beef]]. It originated among the Chagga people of the Kilimanjaro region in northern Tanzania and has become popular throughout the country. The dish is known for its creamy texture and nourishing qualities. Mtori is commonly served for breakfast, lunch, or dinner and is especially valued as a comforting and energy-rich meal.

== Ingredients ==

* 1 kg [[Cookbook:Beef|beef]] with [[Cookbook:bone|bones]]
* 6–8 green cooking [[Cookbook:banana|bananas]] (plantains), peeled and sliced
* 1 large [[Cookbook:onion|onion]], chopped
* 1 [[Cookbook:carrot|carrot]], diced
* 1 green bell [[Cookbook:pepper|pepper]], chopped
* 1 [[Cookbook:potato|potato]], peeled and cubed (optional)
* 1 tbsp grated fresh [[Cookbook:ginger|ginger]]
* 2 [[Cookbook:Clove|cloves]] [[Cookbook:garlic|garlic]], minced
* 2 [[Cookbook: Tablespoon|tbsp]] [[Cookbook:butter|butter]] or [[Cookbook:margarine|margarine]]
* 6 cups [[Cookbook: Water|water]] or [[Cookbook:Beef Stock|beef stock]]
* [[Cookbook:Salt|Salt]], to taste
* [[Cookbook:black pepper |Black pepper]], to taste
* Fresh [[Cookbook:coriander|coriander]] (cilantro), chopped, for garnish
* [[Cookbook:Lime|Lime]] wedges, for serving (optional)

== Procedure ==

# Place the beef and water in a large pot.
# Bring to a boil, then reduce the heat and simmer until the meat is tender, about 1–1½ hours.
# Remove the meat from the stock and set aside.
# Add the bananas, onion, carrot, bell pepper, and potato to the stock.
# Cook until the bananas become very soft.
# Return the cooked meat to the pot.
# Add the ginger, garlic, salt, and black pepper.
# Simmer for 10 minutes.
# Mash the bananas using a wooden spoon or potato masher until a thick, creamy consistency is achieved.
# Stir in the butter or margarine.
# Adjust seasoning to taste.
# Simmer for another 5 minutes.
# Garnish with fresh coriander and serve hot.

== Serving ==

Mtori is traditionally served with:

* [[Cookbook:Chapati]]
* [[Cookbook:Ugali]]
* Fresh chili sauce
* Lime wedges
* Roasted meat

== Variations ==

* Chicken mtori
* Goat meat mtori
* Coconut milk mtori
* Vegetarian mtori
* Spicy mtori with chili peppers

== Tips ==

* Use green cooking bananas rather than ripe bananas for an authentic flavor.
* Beef with bones produces a richer and more flavorful stock.
* Mash the bananas while still hot for a smoother texture.
* Add coconut milk near the end of cooking for a creamier variation.
* Freshly squeezed lime juice enhances the flavor when serving.
* The stew should be thick but still easy to spoon.

== Notes ==

* Mtori originated in the Kilimanjaro region among the Chagga people.
* A traditional wooden mashing stick is often used to prepare the dish.
* It is commonly prepared using green bananas and beef cooked into a thick stew.
* Mtori is considered a hearty and nutritious meal throughout Tanzania.

[[Category:Cookbook]]
[[Category:Halal recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes using meat]]
[[Category:Inexpensive recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes_with_metric_units]]
[[Category:Main course recipes]]
[[Category:Side dish recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes using coriander]]
[[Category:African recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes using hot sauce]]
[[Category:Recipes for soup]]
[[Category:Recipes using pepper]]
[[Category:Recipes using thyme]]
[[Category:Recipes using garlic]]
[[Category:Recipes using onion]]
[[Category:Recipes using coriander]]
[[Category:Recipes using cumin]]
[[Category:Recipes using ginger]]
[[Category:Recipes using tomato]]
[[Category:Recipes using hot sauce]]
[[Category:Recipes using goat]]
[[Category:Recipes using vinegar]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Cookbook:Msemmen</title>
    <ns>102</ns>
    <id>483763</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4680098</id>
      <parentid>4638942</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-05T05:03:27Z</timestamp>
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        <username>A Sulaiman Z</username>
        <id>3412824</id>
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{{recipesummary
| Category = M'semen (Layered Algerian Flatbread)
| Servings = 8
| Time = 90 minutes 
| Rating = &lt;!--| Energy      = --&gt;
| Difficulty = 3
| Image = [[File:Msemmen.JPG|300px]]
}}{{Incomplete recipe|reason=missing/incorrect categories, missing appropriate linking, needs to be condensed}}
'''Msemmen''' (Arabic: مسمن, romanized: musamman or msamman), also known as rghaif (رغايف), is a traditional layered flatbread from the Maghreb region of North Africa, particularly popular in Algeria and Morocco. It is prepared by folding dough into square-shaped [[Cookbook:pancake|pancakes]] containing several thin layers, which are then cooked on a [[Cookbook:griddle|griddle]]. Msemmen is commonly enjoyed with [[Cookbook:honey|honey]], mint tea, or [[Cookbook:coffee|coffee]] for breakfast. Some varieties are filled with ingredients such as preserved meat (khlea), onions, and tomatoes. The smaller forms of msemmen are believed to have originated among the Berber people.

== Ingredients ==
* 2 cups all-purpose [[Cookbook:flour|flour]]
* 1 cup fine [[Cookbook:semolina|semolina]]
* 1 teaspoon [[Cookbook: Salt|salt]]
* 1 teaspoon [[Cookbook: Sugar|sugar]]
* 1 teaspoon instant yeast
* 1¼ cups warm water
* ¼ cup [[Cookbook:Vegetable Oil|vegetable oil]]
* ¼ cup melted butter

== Procedure ==
# Mix the flour, semolina, salt, sugar, and yeast in a bowl.
# Gradually add warm water and knead until a smooth dough forms.
# Divide the dough into small balls and let rest for 30 minutes.
# Flatten each ball into a thin sheet.
# Brush with oil and butter, then fold into a square.
# Let the folded squares rest for 15 minutes.
# Flatten gently and cook on a hot griddle until golden brown on both sides.
# Serve warm with honey, jam, tea, or savory accompaniments.

== Notes ==
* M'semen (also spelled Msemen or Msemmen) is a traditional layered flatbread from the Maghreb, especially Morocco and Algeria.
* It is commonly served for breakfast or tea time.

== Variations ==
* Stuffed M'semen with onions and tomatoes.
* Sweet M'semen served with honey and butter.
* Mlewi, a rolled spiral variation.

[[Category:Cookbook]]
[[Category:Recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes for bread]]
[[Category:Recipes for flatbread]]
[[Category:Algerian cuisine]]
[[Category:Recipes using vegetable oil]]
[[Category:Breakfast recipes]]</text>
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      <parentid>4680098</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-05T05:04:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>A Sulaiman Z</username>
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{{recipesummary
| Category = M'semen (Layered Algerian Flatbread)
| Servings = 8
| Time = 90 minutes 
| Rating = &lt;!--| Energy      = --&gt;
| Difficulty = 3
| Image = [[File:Msemmen.JPG|300px]]
}}{{Incomplete recipe|reason=missing/incorrect categories, missing appropriate linking, needs to be condensed}}
'''Msemmen''' (Arabic: مسمن, romanized: musamman or msamman), also known as rghaif (رغايف), is a traditional layered flatbread from the Maghreb region of North Africa, particularly popular in Algeria and Morocco. It is prepared by folding dough into square-shaped [[Cookbook:pancake|pancakes]] containing several thin layers, which are then cooked on a [[Cookbook:griddle|griddle]]. Msemmen is commonly enjoyed with [[Cookbook:honey|honey]], mint tea, or [[Cookbook:coffee|coffee]] for breakfast. Some varieties are filled with ingredients such as preserved meat (khlea), onions, and tomatoes. The smaller forms of msemmen are believed to have originated among the Berber people.

== Ingredients ==
* 2 cups all-purpose [[Cookbook:flour|flour]]
* 1 cup fine [[Cookbook:semolina|semolina]]
* 1 teaspoon [[Cookbook: Salt|salt]]
* 1 teaspoon [[Cookbook: Sugar|sugar]]
* 1 teaspoon [[Cookbook: Instant Yeast|instant yeast]]
* 1¼ cups warm [[Cookbook: Water|water]]
* ¼ cup [[Cookbook:Vegetable Oil|vegetable oil]]
* ¼ cup melted butter

== Procedure ==
# Mix the flour, semolina, salt, sugar, and yeast in a bowl.
# Gradually add warm water and knead until a smooth dough forms.
# Divide the dough into small balls and let rest for 30 minutes.
# Flatten each ball into a thin sheet.
# Brush with oil and butter, then fold into a square.
# Let the folded squares rest for 15 minutes.
# Flatten gently and cook on a hot griddle until golden brown on both sides.
# Serve warm with honey, jam, tea, or savory accompaniments.

== Notes ==
* M'semen (also spelled Msemen or Msemmen) is a traditional layered flatbread from the Maghreb, especially Morocco and Algeria.
* It is commonly served for breakfast or tea time.

== Variations ==
* Stuffed M'semen with onions and tomatoes.
* Sweet M'semen served with honey and butter.
* Mlewi, a rolled spiral variation.

[[Category:Cookbook]]
[[Category:Recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes for bread]]
[[Category:Recipes for flatbread]]
[[Category:Algerian cuisine]]
[[Category:Recipes using vegetable oil]]
[[Category:Breakfast recipes]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>4680101</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-11-05T05:05:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>A Sulaiman Z</username>
        <id>3412824</id>
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{{recipesummary
| Category = M'semen (Layered Algerian Flatbread)
| Servings = 8
| Time = 90 minutes 
| Rating = &lt;!--| Energy      = --&gt;
| Difficulty = 3
| Image = [[File:Msemmen.JPG|300px]]
}}{{Incomplete recipe|reason=missing/incorrect categories, missing appropriate linking, needs to be condensed}}
'''Msemmen''' (Arabic: مسمن, romanized: musamman or msamman), also known as rghaif (رغايف), is a traditional layered flatbread from the Maghreb region of North Africa, particularly popular in Algeria and Morocco. It is prepared by folding dough into square-shaped [[Cookbook:pancake|pancakes]] containing several thin layers, which are then cooked on a [[Cookbook:griddle|griddle]]. Msemmen is commonly enjoyed with [[Cookbook:honey|honey]], mint tea, or [[Cookbook:coffee|coffee]] for breakfast. Some varieties are filled with ingredients such as preserved meat (khlea), onions, and tomatoes. The smaller forms of msemmen are believed to have originated among the Berber people.

== Ingredients ==
* 2 cups all-purpose [[Cookbook:flour|flour]]
* 1 cup fine [[Cookbook:semolina|semolina]]
* 1 teaspoon [[Cookbook: Salt|salt]]
* 1 teaspoon [[Cookbook: Sugar|sugar]]
* 1 teaspoon instant [[Cookbook: Yeast|instant yeast]]
* 1¼ cups warm [[Cookbook: Water|water]]
* ¼ cup [[Cookbook:Vegetable Oil|vegetable oil]]
* ¼ cup melted butter

== Procedure ==
# Mix the flour, semolina, salt, sugar, and yeast in a bowl.
# Gradually add warm water and knead until a smooth dough forms.
# Divide the dough into small balls and let rest for 30 minutes.
# Flatten each ball into a thin sheet.
# Brush with oil and butter, then fold into a square.
# Let the folded squares rest for 15 minutes.
# Flatten gently and cook on a hot griddle until golden brown on both sides.
# Serve warm with honey, jam, tea, or savory accompaniments.

== Notes ==
* M'semen (also spelled Msemen or Msemmen) is a traditional layered flatbread from the Maghreb, especially Morocco and Algeria.
* It is commonly served for breakfast or tea time.

== Variations ==
* Stuffed M'semen with onions and tomatoes.
* Sweet M'semen served with honey and butter.
* Mlewi, a rolled spiral variation.

[[Category:Cookbook]]
[[Category:Recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes for bread]]
[[Category:Recipes for flatbread]]
[[Category:Algerian cuisine]]
[[Category:Recipes using vegetable oil]]
[[Category:Breakfast recipes]]</text>
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      <id>4680102</id>
      <parentid>4680101</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-05T05:05:55Z</timestamp>
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        <username>A Sulaiman Z</username>
        <id>3412824</id>
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{{recipesummary
| Category = M'semen (Layered Algerian Flatbread)
| Servings = 8
| Time = 90 minutes 
| Rating = &lt;!--| Energy      = --&gt;
| Difficulty = 3
| Image = [[File:Msemmen.JPG|300px]]
}}{{Incomplete recipe|reason=missing/incorrect categories, missing appropriate linking, needs to be condensed}}
'''Msemmen''' (Arabic: مسمن, romanized: musamman or msamman), also known as rghaif (رغايف), is a traditional layered flatbread from the Maghreb region of North Africa, particularly popular in Algeria and Morocco. It is prepared by folding dough into square-shaped [[Cookbook:pancake|pancakes]] containing several thin layers, which are then cooked on a [[Cookbook:griddle|griddle]]. Msemmen is commonly enjoyed with [[Cookbook:honey|honey]], mint tea, or [[Cookbook:coffee|coffee]] for breakfast. Some varieties are filled with ingredients such as preserved meat (khlea), onions, and tomatoes. The smaller forms of msemmen are believed to have originated among the Berber people.

== Ingredients ==
* 2 cups all-purpose [[Cookbook:flour|flour]]
* 1 cup fine [[Cookbook:semolina|semolina]]
* 1 teaspoon [[Cookbook: Salt|salt]]
* 1 teaspoon [[Cookbook: Sugar|sugar]]
* 1 teaspoon [[Cookbook: Yeast|instant yeast]]
* 1¼ cups warm [[Cookbook: Water|water]]
* ¼ cup [[Cookbook:Vegetable Oil|vegetable oil]]
* ¼ cup melted butter

== Procedure ==
# Mix the flour, semolina, salt, sugar, and yeast in a bowl.
# Gradually add warm water and knead until a smooth dough forms.
# Divide the dough into small balls and let rest for 30 minutes.
# Flatten each ball into a thin sheet.
# Brush with oil and butter, then fold into a square.
# Let the folded squares rest for 15 minutes.
# Flatten gently and cook on a hot griddle until golden brown on both sides.
# Serve warm with honey, jam, tea, or savory accompaniments.

== Notes ==
* M'semen (also spelled Msemen or Msemmen) is a traditional layered flatbread from the Maghreb, especially Morocco and Algeria.
* It is commonly served for breakfast or tea time.

== Variations ==
* Stuffed M'semen with onions and tomatoes.
* Sweet M'semen served with honey and butter.
* Mlewi, a rolled spiral variation.

[[Category:Cookbook]]
[[Category:Recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes for bread]]
[[Category:Recipes for flatbread]]
[[Category:Algerian cuisine]]
[[Category:Recipes using vegetable oil]]
[[Category:Breakfast recipes]]</text>
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      <id>4680103</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-11-05T05:07:13Z</timestamp>
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        <id>3412824</id>
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{{recipesummary
| Category = M'semen (Layered Algerian Flatbread)
| Servings = 8
| Time = 90 minutes 
| Rating = &lt;!--| Energy      = --&gt;
| Difficulty = 3
| Image = [[File:Msemmen.JPG|300px]]
}}{{Incomplete recipe|reason=missing/incorrect categories, missing appropriate linking, needs to be condensed}}
'''Msemmen''' (Arabic: مسمن, romanized: musamman or msamman), also known as rghaif (رغايف), is a traditional layered flatbread from the Maghreb region of North Africa, particularly popular in Algeria and Morocco. It is prepared by folding dough into square-shaped [[Cookbook:pancake|pancakes]] containing several thin layers, which are then cooked on a [[Cookbook:griddle|griddle]]. Msemmen is commonly enjoyed with [[Cookbook:honey|honey]], mint tea, or [[Cookbook:coffee|coffee]] for breakfast. Some varieties are filled with ingredients such as preserved meat (khlea), onions, and tomatoes. The smaller forms of msemmen are believed to have originated among the Berber people.

== Ingredients ==
* 2 cups all-purpose [[Cookbook:flour|flour]]
* 1 cup fine [[Cookbook:semolina|semolina]]
* 1 teaspoon [[Cookbook: Salt|salt]]
* 1 [[Cookbook: Teaspoon|teaspoon]] [[Cookbook: Sugar|sugar]]
* 1 teaspoon [[Cookbook: Yeast|instant yeast]]
* 1¼ cups warm [[Cookbook: Water|water]]
* ¼ cup [[Cookbook:Vegetable Oil|vegetable oil]]
* ¼ [[Cookbook: Cup|cup]] melted [[Cookbook Butter|butter]]

== Procedure ==
# Mix the flour, semolina, salt, sugar, and yeast in a bowl.
# Gradually add warm water and knead until a smooth dough forms.
# Divide the dough into small balls and let rest for 30 minutes.
# Flatten each ball into a thin sheet.
# Brush with oil and butter, then fold into a square.
# Let the folded squares rest for 15 minutes.
# Flatten gently and cook on a hot griddle until golden brown on both sides.
# Serve warm with honey, jam, tea, or savory accompaniments.

== Notes ==
* M'semen (also spelled Msemen or Msemmen) is a traditional layered flatbread from the Maghreb, especially Morocco and Algeria.
* It is commonly served for breakfast or tea time.

== Variations ==
* Stuffed M'semen with onions and tomatoes.
* Sweet M'semen served with honey and butter.
* Mlewi, a rolled spiral variation.

[[Category:Cookbook]]
[[Category:Recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes for bread]]
[[Category:Recipes for flatbread]]
[[Category:Algerian cuisine]]
[[Category:Recipes using vegetable oil]]
[[Category:Breakfast recipes]]</text>
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      <id>4680104</id>
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        <username>A Sulaiman Z</username>
        <id>3412824</id>
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{{recipesummary
| Category = M'semen (Layered Algerian Flatbread)
| Servings = 8
| Time = 90 minutes 
| Rating = &lt;!--| Energy      = --&gt;
| Difficulty = 3
| Image = [[File:Msemmen.JPG|300px]]
}}{{Incomplete recipe|reason=missing/incorrect categories, missing appropriate linking, needs to be condensed}}
'''Msemmen''' (Arabic: مسمن, romanized: musamman or msamman), also known as rghaif (رغايف), is a traditional layered flatbread from the Maghreb region of North Africa, particularly popular in Algeria and Morocco. It is prepared by folding dough into square-shaped [[Cookbook:pancake|pancakes]] containing several thin layers, which are then cooked on a [[Cookbook:griddle|griddle]]. Msemmen is commonly enjoyed with [[Cookbook:honey|honey]], mint tea, or [[Cookbook:coffee|coffee]] for breakfast. Some varieties are filled with ingredients such as preserved meat (khlea), onions, and tomatoes. The smaller forms of msemmen are believed to have originated among the Berber people.

== Ingredients ==
* 2 cups all-purpose [[Cookbook:flour|flour]]
* 1 cup fine [[Cookbook:semolina|semolina]]
* 1 teaspoon [[Cookbook: Salt|salt]]
* 1 [[Cookbook: Teaspoon|teaspoon]] [[Cookbook: Sugar|sugar]]
* 1 teaspoon [[Cookbook: Yeast|instant yeast]]
* 1¼ cups warm [[Cookbook: Water|water]]
* ¼ cup [[Cookbook:Vegetable Oil|vegetable oil]]
* ¼ [[Cookbook: Cup|cup]] melted [[Cookbook: Butter|butter]]

== Procedure ==
# Mix the flour, semolina, salt, sugar, and yeast in a bowl.
# Gradually add warm water and knead until a smooth dough forms.
# Divide the dough into small balls and let rest for 30 minutes.
# Flatten each ball into a thin sheet.
# Brush with oil and butter, then fold into a square.
# Let the folded squares rest for 15 minutes.
# Flatten gently and cook on a hot griddle until golden brown on both sides.
# Serve warm with honey, jam, tea, or savory accompaniments.

== Notes ==
* M'semen (also spelled Msemen or Msemmen) is a traditional layered flatbread from the Maghreb, especially Morocco and Algeria.
* It is commonly served for breakfast or tea time.

== Variations ==
* Stuffed M'semen with onions and tomatoes.
* Sweet M'semen served with honey and butter.
* Mlewi, a rolled spiral variation.

[[Category:Cookbook]]
[[Category:Recipes]]
[[Category:Recipes for bread]]
[[Category:Recipes for flatbread]]
[[Category:Algerian cuisine]]
[[Category:Recipes using vegetable oil]]
[[Category:Breakfast recipes]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Cookbook:Ofada Stew</title>
    <ns>102</ns>
    <id>483804</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4680182</id>
      <parentid>4679878</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-05T10:50:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MathsScienceNerd1</username>
        <id>3626296</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Restoring revision 4679861 by [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]]: per discussion on my talk page; should have read template first</comment>
      <origin>4680182</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="4043" sha1="6yaqh0u0a94224a8lisf472o1i9d3tt" xml:space="preserve">{{Incomplete recipe|reason=missing links, missing categories, headers need to match template, procedure needs to match template}}{{Recipe summary
| Name = Ofada stew
| Cuisine = Nigerian cuisine
| Origin = Southwestern Nigeria
| Yield = 6plates
| Servings = 4-6 people
| Time = 2 hours
| Difficulty = 3
| Image = [[File:Ofada Stew.jpg|300px]]
}}

{{recipe}}

'''Ofada stew''' is a local dish which originated from the southern part of Nigeria. Ofada stew is otherwise known as ata dindin. It is a spicy, rich, and oily stew made from blended green peppers and bleached palm oil. It is common in southwestern Nigeria, especially among the Yoruba people, and is often served at parties and special occasions.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=How to cook Ofada Stew (Ayamase) |url=https://www.allnigerianrecipes.com/stews/ofada-stew/ |access-date=2026-06-05 |website=All Nigerian Recipes |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Jemimah |first=Sisi |date=2015-12-08 |title=Obe Ata Dindin - Ofada Sauce |url=https://sisijemimah.com/2015/12/08/obe-ata-dindin-ofada-stew/ |access-date=2026-06-05 |website=Sisi Jemimah |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=O |first=Lois |date=2018-05-23 |title=How to Make Ofada Stew (Nigerian Ofada Sauce Recipe) |url=https://www.yummymedley.com/ofada-stew/ |access-date=2026-06-05 |website=Yummy Medley |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ingredients ==

=== Pepper base ===
* 10–15 green bell [[Cookbook:Pepper|peppers]] (tatashe or mixed green peppers)
* 3–5 scotch bonnet peppers (ata rodo)
* 2 medium onions, chopped.

=== Protein ===
* Assorted [[Cookbook:Meat|meat]] ([[Cookbook:Beef|beef]], shaki, goat meat, ponmo)
* [[Cookbook:Fish|Smoked fish (]]&lt;nowiki/&gt;optional)

=== Other ingredients ===
* 1/2 cup [[Cookbook:Palm Oil|palm oil]] (bleached)
* 2 tablespoons [[Cookbook:Locust Bean|locust beans]] (iru)
* 1–2 tablespoons ground [[Cookbook:Crawfish|crayfish]] (optional)
* [[Cookbook:Salt|Salt]] to taste
* 2–3 seasoning cubes

== Preparation ==

=== Step 1: Blend the peppers&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Osinkolu |first=Lola |date=2025-04-07 |title=How to pepare Ayamase stew (ofada stew) |url=https://cheflolaskitchen.com/ayamase-stew-ofada-stew/ |access-date=2026-06-05 |website=Chef Lola's Kitchen |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Uguru |first=Chichi |date=2019-06-06 |title=The Real Ofada Stew Recipe |url=https://www.mydiasporakitchen.com/real-ofada-stew-recipe/ |access-date=2026-06-05 |website=My Diaspora Kitchen |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; ===
*Wash and [[Cookbook:Blend|blend]] the green bell peppers, scotch bonnet, and one onion. The blend should not be too smooth; a slightly coarse texture is preferred.

=== Step 2: Prepare the meat ===
*Wash and season the assorted [[Cookbook:Meat|meat]] with [[Cookbook:Salt|salt]], [[Cookbook:Onion|onions]], and seasoning cubes. Boil until tender. 
*You may fry or grill the meat for extra flavor.

=== Step 3: Bleach the palm oil ===
*Heat the palm oil in a pot until it becomes lighter in color. Be careful not to overheat it. 
*Allow it to cool slightly before use.

=== Step 4: Cook the stew base ===
*Add chopped onions to the bleached oil. 
*Stir in locust beans and fry for a few minutes. 
*Add the blended pepper mix and cook until the water reduces and the oil begins to separate (about 20–30 minutes).

=== Step 5: Add meat and seasoning ===
*Add the cooked meat and smoked [[Cookbook:Fish|fish]]. 
*Season with salt, seasoning cubes, and [[Cookbook:Crawfish|crayfish]]. 
*Stir well and allow to simmer for 10–15 minutes.

== Serving ==
Serve hot with:
* [[Cookbook:Ofada rice|Ofada rice]]
* White [[Cookbook:Rice|rice]]
* [[Cookbook:Yam|Boiled yam]] or [[Cookbook:Plantain|plantain]]

== Tips ==
* Locust beans (iru) is essential for authentic flavor.
* Proper bleaching of palm oil gives the traditional Ofada taste.
* The stew tastes even better the next day after the flavors have mixed well.

== References ==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Nigerian recipes]]
[[Category:Yoruba recipes]]
[[Category:African recipes]]
[[Category:recipes]]</text>
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      <contributor>
        <username>MathsScienceNerd1</username>
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| Name = Ofada stew
| Cuisine = Nigerian cuisine
| Origin = Southwestern Nigeria
| Yield = 6plates
| Servings = 4-6 people
| Time = 2 hours
| Difficulty = 3
| Image = [[File:Ofada Stew.jpg|300px]]
}}

{{recipe}}

'''Ofada stew''' is a local dish which originated from the southern part of Nigeria. Ofada stew is otherwise known as ata dindin. It is a spicy, rich, and oily stew made from blended green peppers and bleached palm oil. It is common in southwestern Nigeria, especially among the Yoruba people, and is often served at parties and special occasions.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=How to cook Ofada Stew (Ayamase) |url=https://www.allnigerianrecipes.com/stews/ofada-stew/ |access-date=2026-06-05 |website=All Nigerian Recipes |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Jemimah |first=Sisi |date=2015-12-08 |title=Obe Ata Dindin - Ofada Sauce |url=https://sisijemimah.com/2015/12/08/obe-ata-dindin-ofada-stew/ |access-date=2026-06-05 |website=Sisi Jemimah |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=O |first=Lois |date=2018-05-23 |title=How to Make Ofada Stew (Nigerian Ofada Sauce Recipe) |url=https://www.yummymedley.com/ofada-stew/ |access-date=2026-06-05 |website=Yummy Medley |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ingredients ==

=== Pepper base ===
* 10–15 green bell [[Cookbook:Pepper|peppers]] (tatashe or mixed green peppers)
* 3–5 scotch bonnet peppers (ata rodo)
* 2 medium onions, chopped.

=== Protein ===
* Assorted [[Cookbook:Meat|meat]] ([[Cookbook:Beef|beef]], shaki, goat meat, ponmo)
* [[Cookbook:Fish|Smoked fish (]]&lt;nowiki/&gt;optional)

=== Other ingredients ===
* 1/2 cup [[Cookbook:Palm Oil|palm oil]] (bleached)
* 2 tablespoons [[Cookbook:Locust Bean|locust beans]] (iru)
* 1–2 tablespoons ground [[Cookbook:Crawfish|crayfish]] (optional)
* [[Cookbook:Salt|Salt]] to taste
* 2–3 seasoning cubes

== Preparation ==

=== Step 1: Blend the peppers&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Osinkolu |first=Lola |date=2025-04-07 |title=How to pepare Ayamase stew (ofada stew) |url=https://cheflolaskitchen.com/ayamase-stew-ofada-stew/ |access-date=2026-06-05 |website=Chef Lola's Kitchen |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Uguru |first=Chichi |date=2019-06-06 |title=The Real Ofada Stew Recipe |url=https://www.mydiasporakitchen.com/real-ofada-stew-recipe/ |access-date=2026-06-05 |website=My Diaspora Kitchen |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; ===
*Wash and [[Cookbook:Blend|blend]] the green bell peppers, scotch bonnet, and one onion. The blend should not be too smooth; a slightly coarse texture is preferred.

=== Step 2: Prepare the meat ===
*Wash and season the assorted [[Cookbook:Meat|meat]] with [[Cookbook:Salt|salt]], [[Cookbook:Onion|onions]], and seasoning cubes. Boil until tender. 
*You may fry or grill the meat for extra flavor.

=== Step 3: Bleach the palm oil ===
*Heat the palm oil in a pot until it becomes lighter in color. Be careful not to overheat it. 
*Allow it to cool slightly before use.

=== Step 4: Cook the stew base ===
*Add chopped onions to the bleached oil. 
*Stir in locust beans and fry for a few minutes. 
*Add the blended pepper mix and cook until the water reduces and the oil begins to separate (about 20–30 minutes).

=== Step 5: Add meat and seasoning ===
*Add the cooked meat and smoked [[Cookbook:Fish|fish]]. 
*Season with salt, seasoning cubes, and [[Cookbook:Crawfish|crayfish]]. 
*Stir well and allow to simmer for 10–15 minutes.

== Serving ==
Serve hot with:
* [[Cookbook:Ofada rice|Ofada rice]]
* White [[Cookbook:Rice|rice]]
* [[Cookbook:Yam|Boiled yam]] or [[Cookbook:Plantain|plantain]]

== Tips ==
* Locust beans (iru) is essential for authentic flavor.
* Proper bleaching of palm oil gives the traditional Ofada taste.
* The stew tastes even better the next day after the flavors have mixed well.

== References ==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Nigerian recipes]]
[[Category:Yoruba recipes]]
[[Category:African recipes]]
[[Category:recipes]]</text>
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    <title>Maxima/Programming</title>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Idavidmiller</username>
        <id>3577687</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Some Reasons to Use a Macro Instead of a Function: */ Work in progress. Saving Changes.</comment>
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      <text bytes="59598" sha1="75b155soo6cjya52ziu59ydilbt0u1k" xml:space="preserve">=Maxima Programming=
Although Maxima is not a general-purpose programming language, Maxima as a CAS includes among the built-in ingredients a relatively complete set of programming expressions that are useful for the intended context. Many of the code examples of this section are intended to be illustrative of technical details relevant to Maxima programming as their purpose, and consequently are intentionally elementary in character.

Learning any sort of programming language, including Maxima programming expressions, is a subjective process. In any case, it is essential to have enough technical know-how specific to the programming language in order to begin the learning process, even in cases where much positive transfer from other programming experience is involved.

Much can be accomplished mathematically using Maxima without having to resort to in-depth knowledge and proficiency in the technical details of Maxima programming expressions. However, Maxima programming expressions are frequently essential for the purpose of defining functions, both in the programming sense of the term, but also more relevantly, for the mathematical sense. For that reason alone, familiarity and sufficient proficiency with Maxima programming expressions should be given some attention.

One way to begin the learning process is to become familiar with enough of the programming essentials to accomplish independent efforts toward accomplishing some specific programming goal of interest.  The other way is to study the many available programming expressions of others. This section is intended to provide the essentials toward learning by whatever means are chosen.

The following table shows some built-in ingredients related to Maxima programming expressions:
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Maxima Programming Category
|if
|unless
|errcatch
|prederror
|-
|block
|for
|error
|return
|-
|catch
|from
|warning
|throw 
|-
|local
|thru
|errormsg
|sstatus
|-
|garbage_collect
|step
|errormsg
|status
|-
|do
|next
|go
|
|-
|while
|in
|
|
|}

Some of these programming expression ingredients can also be considered as belonging to one or more other categories than the Programming category.

=== Block Expressions ===
Arguably, the first expressions to consider in the context of Maxima programming are '''''block''''' expressions. All &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expressions as programming ingredients come in two flavors:

* &lt;code&gt;( expr&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, expr&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;,…, expr&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt; )&lt;/code&gt;
* &lt;code&gt;block ([v&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;,v&lt;sub&gt;2,&lt;/sub&gt;…,v&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt;], expr&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, expr&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;,…, expr&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;)&lt;/code&gt;

The first form of a &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression is equivalent to the second form, but without the first list argument: &lt;code&gt;[v&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;,v&lt;sub&gt;2,&lt;/sub&gt;…,v&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt;]&lt;/code&gt;, as in &lt;code&gt;block (expr&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, expr&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;,…, expr&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/code&gt;, unless &lt;code&gt;return&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;go&lt;/code&gt; operators are used in the block expression. In that, case the form &lt;code&gt;block (expr&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, expr&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;,…, expr&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;)&lt;/code&gt; must be used. It should be noted that for Maxima to interpret of the syntax of the first of these forms as a block operator, there must be at least two expressions in the comma-separated sequence of expressions as arguments. Otherwise, Maxima will interpret the parentheses of this syntax as simply grouping related to the precedence order of operations.

The purpose of the list argument,  &lt;code&gt;[v&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;,v&lt;sub&gt;2,&lt;/sub&gt;…,v&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt;]&lt;/code&gt; is to declare the values of identifiers of the list to be local to the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt;. If there is no need for local identifiers, the list argument can be omitted (unless &lt;code&gt;return&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;go&lt;/code&gt; operators are used in the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression), and either form is sufficient.&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;/* This block expression */
(%i1)	(x : 2, x^2);
(%o1)	4

/* Is equivalent to this block expression */
(%i2)	block (x : 2, x^2);
(%o2)	4&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;So, in the case where values of identifiers local to the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; of expressions are not required, then the choice of either form of the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression is a matter of user preference. In both cases, the values of identifiers referenced in the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; are global, and not local to the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression. However, for the sake of clarity and consistency use of the latter form may be a better choice. &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;
/* The value 3 assigned to x is global */
(%i3)	x : 3;
(x)	    3

/* The value 2 assigned to x in the block is global */
(%i4)	(x : 2, x^2);
(%o4)	4

/* The global value assigned to x in the block is 2 not 3 */
(%i5)	x;
(%o5)	2
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;Values of identifiers local to the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; may not be global:&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;/* the value of identifier y is local only */
(%i6)	block ([y], y : 4, y);
(%o6)	4

/* the global value of identifier y is not 4, but is itself */
(%i7)	y;
(%o7)	y

/* the values of identifiers x and y are both local */
(%i8)	block ([x,y], x : 3, y : 4, x);
(%o8)	3

/* the global value of identifier x is not 3, but is 2 */
(%i9)	x;
(%o9)	2

/* the global value of identifier y is not 4, but is itself */
(%i10)	y;
(%o10)	y&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Regardless of the form of the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expressions these have in common the comma-separated expression arguments &lt;code&gt;expr&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, expr&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;,…, expr&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/code&gt;  which are evaluated each in turn from first to last (unless the evaluation sequence is modified by by the &lt;code&gt;go&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;throw&lt;/code&gt;, or &lt;code&gt;return&lt;/code&gt; operators), and the value of the block expression is the value of &lt;code&gt;expr&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/code&gt;. 

The main purpose of the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression, regardless of the form, is to group expressions that are related in some manner, and the value of the last expression may be the only value of interest. However, there are very few limitations imposed on the nature of the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression arguments, so it might be the case that the purpose of evaluating the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression has been achieved before the last expression argument is evaluated, in which case the value of the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression may not necessarily be the value of the last argument expression.

One way to accomplish that is to use an empty string as the last argument expression with the option flag &lt;code&gt;stringdisp&lt;/code&gt; set to &lt;code&gt;false&lt;/code&gt; which is the default value.&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;
(%i11)	stringdisp;
(%o11)	false

(%i12)	block ([x,y], x : 3, y : 4, x, &quot;&quot;);
(%o12)	

(%i13)	block ([x,y], x : 3, y : 4, x)$
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
The display of the value of the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression may be suppressed using a &lt;code&gt;$&lt;/code&gt; to end the input expression instead of a semi-colon. Either technique produces a &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression value, but the value is not displayed. If a &lt;code&gt;return&lt;/code&gt; operator is evaluated as a argument expression, this will cause evaluation of expression arguments to end explicitly, and the value of the &lt;code&gt;return&lt;/code&gt; operator becomes the value of the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression.&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;
(%i14)	is (equal (x, 2));
(%o14)	true

%i15)	block (if is (equal (x, 2)) then return (x), &quot; x not 2&quot;);
(%o15)	2

(%i16)	x : 3;
(x)	3

(%i17)	block (if is (equal (x, 2)) then return (x), &quot;x not 2&quot;);
(%o17)	x not 2
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;When a &lt;code&gt;return&lt;/code&gt; operator is evaluated within a &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression the result is to stop evaluation of expressions within the enclosing &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression and to return the value of its argument as the value of the enclosing &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression. It therefore can be compared with the &lt;code&gt;return&lt;/code&gt; statement found in other programming languages, but with one difference: In Maxima, the &lt;code&gt;return&lt;/code&gt; operator affects only the block expression in which the &lt;code&gt;return&lt;/code&gt; operator is an expression, and has no effect otherwise.&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;(%i18)	test_nested_block (val) := 
	block (
		  [outer_var : 10],
		  print(&quot;Entering outer block expression&quot;),
		  
		       /* inner block expression */
		       block(
		           [inner_var : 20],
		           print (&quot;      Entering inner block expression&quot;),
	        
		           if val &gt; 5 then
	        
	               /* another inner block expression */  
	               block (
	               print (&quot;   val &gt; 5&quot;),
	               print (&quot;   Returning only to inner block expression&quot;),
		           return (inner_var + val)
	        	   /* returns only to the inner block expression */
	               ),
	               /* end of another inner block expression */
	        
	               print (&quot;   inner_var + val is &quot;, inner_var + val)
		           ),     
	               /* end of inner block expression */
		  
		  print (&quot;Back in outer block expression&quot;),
		  outer_var + val
		  
	/* end of outer block expression */
	)$

(%i19)	test_nested_block (1);
Entering outer block expression
      Entering inner block expression
      inner_var + val is 21
Back in outer block expression
(%o19)	11

(%i20)	test_nested_block (6);
Entering outer block expression
      Entering inner block expression
      val &gt; 5
      Returning only to inner block expression
Back in outer block expression
(%o20)	16&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;


'''''The &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; operators''''': Each instance may define local variables and has a comma-separated sequence of expressions as arguments.

'''''Nested blocks''''': There are three &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; operators used in the right-hand side of the function definition expression named &lt;code&gt;test_nested_block (val&lt;/code&gt;. There is an outer &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression that has an inner &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression as an argument,and there is a third &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression that is an argument of the inner &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression.

'''''The &lt;code&gt;return&lt;/code&gt; operator''''': If &lt;code&gt;val &gt; 5&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;code&gt;true&lt;/code&gt; then the return operator of the most inner  &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression is evaluated and evaluation of remaining expressions of that block expression does not occur. The value of that most inner &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression is the value of the argument of the return operator –  &lt;code&gt;inner_var + val&lt;/code&gt;. 

Evaluation of expressions continues with the first expression of the inner &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression after the end of the most inner &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression  – which is &lt;code&gt;print (&quot;   inner_var + val is &quot;, inner_var + val)&lt;/code&gt;. The value of the &lt;code&gt;print&lt;/code&gt; operator is the value of  &lt;code&gt;inner_var + val&lt;/code&gt;. However, while that value is the value of the inner &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression it is effectively lost, as it is not the last expression of the outer &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; sequence of expressions.  That value is the value of &lt;code&gt;outer_var + val&lt;/code&gt;, which, being the last expression of the outer &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; is always the value of the function.

==== Block Expression Evaluation Sequence Modifications ====
&lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression arguments &lt;code&gt;expr&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, expr&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;,…, expr&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/code&gt;  are generally evaluated each in turn from first to last, and the value of the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression is the value of &lt;code&gt;expr&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/code&gt; unless this sequence is modified by some means.

One way to modify the first-to-last expression evaluation sequence of a &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression is by way of a &lt;code&gt;go&lt;/code&gt; operator with a ''label'' (or ''&quot;tag&quot;'') argument ( the ''&quot;go to&quot;'') as the following exemplifies:&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;
(%i18)	sum_to_n (n) := block ( [i : 1, total : 0],
	                             loop,
	                                total : total + i,
	                                i : i + 1,
	                                if i &lt;= n then go (loop),
	                             total)$

(%i19)	sum_to_n(25);
(%o19)	325

(%i20)	n;
(%o20)	n

(%i21)	i;
(%o21)	i

(%i22)	total;
(%o22)	total
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;


Note the following:

* &lt;code&gt;'''block ([ i : 1,total : 0], ...)'''&lt;/code&gt;: The list argument creates a local environment with local identifiers &lt;code&gt;i&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;total&lt;/code&gt;. The function argument &lt;code&gt;n&lt;/code&gt; is also a local identifier.
* &lt;code&gt;'''loop'''&lt;/code&gt;: This label serves as a target inside the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression to where &lt;code&gt;go (loop)&lt;/code&gt; can jump.
* &lt;code&gt;'''if i &lt;= n then go (loop)'''&lt;/code&gt;: This conditional expression causes the &lt;code&gt;go (loop)&lt;/code&gt; operator to be evaluated if the condition is &lt;code&gt;true&lt;/code&gt;.
* &lt;code&gt;'''total'''&lt;/code&gt;: The value of this local identifier is the returned value of the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression.
It should also be worth noting that the identifiers &lt;code&gt;n&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;i&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;total&lt;/code&gt; have local values assigned within the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression, but their global values are themselves. Also notice that the identifiers &lt;code&gt;i&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;total&lt;/code&gt; were both declared local and assigned initial values within the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; list argument.

The ''go-to'' label argument of the &lt;code&gt;go&lt;/code&gt; operator must be the name of a tag appearing within the same block expression. The &lt;code&gt;go&lt;/code&gt; operator cannot be used to go to a tag in a different &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression. There is nothing special about the &lt;code&gt;loop&lt;/code&gt; identifier name used for the go-to tag in this example. Other identifiers could be used, but they must be atomic.

Another way to modify a &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression evaluation sequence is by way of the &lt;code&gt;throw&lt;/code&gt; operator.&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;(%i32)	/* Define a function using a block expression that searches 
	     for a specific condition and a throw value to catch */
	
	find_element (target_list, threshold) := block (
	      
	    [found_val : false], /* local identifier value */
	    
	      catch(
	          
	        for x in target_list do 
	          (
	              if x &gt; threshold then 
	                (
	                  /* Immediately exit the block and 
	                     return this value */
	                  throw (x)
	                  )
	            ),
	          /* This string is returned only if the do loop 
	             finishes without a throw to catch */
	                 &quot;No element exceeded the threshold&quot;
	      )
	    
	)$

(%i31)	/* Test the block */
	find_element ( [10, 20, 55, 80], 50 );
(%o31)	55&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;This example unpacks as follows:

&lt;code&gt;'''catch (...)'''&lt;/code&gt;: This expression creates a target scope that ''&quot;catches&quot;'' the value of any &lt;code&gt;throw&lt;/code&gt; expression evaluated within that scope.

&lt;code&gt;'''throw (x)'''&lt;/code&gt;: When Maxima encounters this operator, it immediately stops evaluation of the &lt;code&gt;do&lt;/code&gt; loop expression '''''and the rest of the''''' &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; '''''expression.''''' It jumps directly out of the scope of the &lt;code&gt;catch&lt;/code&gt; expression, returning the value of &lt;code&gt;x&lt;/code&gt; as the value of the entire &lt;code&gt;catch&lt;/code&gt; expression.

==== Nested Block Expressions ====
&lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; operators may appear within other block expressions as arguments – '''''nested''''' &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expressions. A local environment with local identifiers may be created for nested block expressions. Local values for identifiers, if declared by a first &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; operator list argument, are created each time a nested &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; is evaluated.  

However, identifiers with global values that have not been declared as local within any &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expressions, are global values for nested &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expressions as well as enclosing &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expressions. Likewise, local identifiers of any enclosing &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression have values that are global within any enclosed blocks, if not declared as local within the enclosed block. If the value of an identifier is not local in a &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression, its value is the value most recently assigned by an enclosing &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression, if any value has been assigned. Otherwise, it is the value of the identifier in the global environment. &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;
(%i23)	z : 2^(1/3);
(z)	2^(1/3)

(%i24) /* Outer block starts */
	block 
	(
	 [x : 10, y : 20],
	 /* values of x and y declared local to outer block */
	  
	 /* Inner block starts */
	     block 
	     (
	      [y : 99, z : 100], 
	      /* values of y and z declared local to inner block */
	      print (&quot;Inside inner block:&quot;),
	      print (&quot;x =&quot;,  x, &quot;is the value of x from outer block&quot;),
	      print (&quot;y =&quot;,  y, &quot;is the local value of y of outer block&quot;),
	      print(&quot;z =&quot;,  z, &quot;is the local value of z of inner block&quot;)
	     ),
	 /* Inner block ends */
	 
	 /* Outer block resumes */
	 print (&quot;Back in outer block:&quot;),
	 print (&quot;x =&quot;,  x, &quot;is the value of x from outer block&quot;),
	 print (&quot;y =&quot;,  y,  &quot;is the restored value of y of the outer block&quot;),
	 print (&quot;z =&quot;,  z,  &quot;is the value of z global to both blocks&quot;)
	 /* Outer block ends */
	)$
	
Inside inner block:
x = 10 is the value of x from outer block
y = 99 is the local value of y of outer block
z = 100 is the local value of z of inner block
Back in outer block:
x = 10 is the value of x from outer block
y = 20 is the restored value of y of the outer block
z = 2^(1/3) is the value of z global to both blocks
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

==== Values, Properties, and the &lt;code&gt;local&lt;/code&gt; Operator ====
The expression &lt;code&gt;local (v&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, v&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, ... , v&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt;)&lt;/code&gt; within a &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression saves the '''''properties''''' associated with the symbols &lt;code&gt;v&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, v&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, ... , v&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/code&gt;, removes any properties before evaluating other expressions, and restores any saved properties on exit from the block.

Because Maxima is an application based on the Common Lisp programming language, it utilizes Lisp '''''symbol''''' structure. Lisp symbols are objects that carry their own &quot;dictionary&quot; of attributes. A Lisp symbol's internal property list (''plist'') is a built-in data structure attached directly to a symbol. Maxima uses this underlying Lisp symbol structure to associate '''''properties''''' with Maxima identifiers.

Properties of identifiers can be ''declared explicitly'' by users. &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;
(%i23)	declare (x, real);
(%o23)	done
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
However, some identifier property declarations are ''implemented implicitly'' as properties of a symbol, including &lt;code&gt;:=&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;array&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;dependencies&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;atvalue&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;matchdeclare&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;atomgrad&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;constant&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;nonscalar&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;assume&lt;/code&gt;, and some others. Below is a description of how each of those specific declarations is implemented as a property under the hood:

====== Functions and Arrays ======
* '''&lt;code&gt;:=&lt;/code&gt; (Function Definition):''' When you define a function using &lt;code&gt;f(x) := x^2&lt;/code&gt;, the actual expression (&lt;code&gt;x^2&lt;/code&gt;) and its argument list (&lt;code&gt;x&lt;/code&gt;) are stored as a property of the symbol &lt;code&gt;f&lt;/code&gt;.
* '''&lt;code&gt;array&lt;/code&gt;:''' When you declare or use a subscripted array (like &lt;code&gt;a[i]&lt;/code&gt;), the array type, dimensions, and memory pointer are attached as a property to the symbol &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt;. This differentiates it from a standard scalar variable.

====== Calculus and Dependencies ======
* '''&lt;code&gt;dependencies&lt;/code&gt;:''' If you declare &lt;code&gt;depends(y, x)&lt;/code&gt;, Maxima attaches a dependency list property to &lt;code&gt;y&lt;/code&gt; noting that it functionally depends on &lt;code&gt;x&lt;/code&gt;. This tells the &lt;code&gt;diff&lt;/code&gt; (differentiation) engine not to treat &lt;code&gt;y&lt;/code&gt; as a constant relative to &lt;code&gt;x&lt;/code&gt;.
* '''&lt;code&gt;atvalue&lt;/code&gt;:''' When you define a specific value for an expression at a boundary point (e.g., &lt;code&gt;atvalue(y, x=0, 1)&lt;/code&gt;), this boundary constraint is stored as an evaluation property on the symbol &lt;code&gt;y&lt;/code&gt;.
* '''&lt;code&gt;atomgrad&lt;/code&gt;:''' This assigns a specific gradient or derivative to an atomic identifier (e.g., telling Maxima what (df/dx) is explicitly). Maxima saves this rule as a gradient property on that symbol.

====== Pattern Matching and Rules ======
* '''&lt;code&gt;matchdeclare&lt;/code&gt;:''' Used in Maxima's pattern-matching system (like &lt;code&gt;tellsimp&lt;/code&gt;). When you type &lt;code&gt;matchdeclare(x, freeof(a))&lt;/code&gt;, Maxima attaches a predicate property to &lt;code&gt;x&lt;/code&gt;. When a pattern rule runs, Maxima looks at property list of &lt;code&gt;x&lt;/code&gt; to see what conditions a matching expression must meet.

====== Mathematical and Evaluation Attributes ======
* '''&lt;code&gt;constant&lt;/code&gt;:''' Declaring &lt;code&gt;declare(c, constant)&lt;/code&gt; places a &quot;constant&quot; flag on property list of  &lt;code&gt;c&lt;/code&gt;. Core routines (like integration and differentiation) check this flag to know they can pull &lt;code&gt;c&lt;/code&gt; out of integrals or differentiate it to zero.
* '''&lt;code&gt;nonscalar&lt;/code&gt;:''' Tells Maxima to treat a symbol as a matrix or vector rather than a regular number. This property changes how operators like &lt;code&gt;.&lt;/code&gt; (non-commutative multiplication) treat the symbol.
* '''&lt;code&gt;assume&lt;/code&gt;:''' When an expression such as &lt;code&gt;assume(x &gt; 0)&lt;/code&gt; is used, Maxima's database system (&lt;code&gt;context&lt;/code&gt;) assigns facts and properties (like &lt;code&gt;pos&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;nonnegative&lt;/code&gt;) to the symbol &lt;code&gt;x&lt;/code&gt;, allowing the simplifier to safely reduce expressions like &lt;code&gt;sqrt(x^2)&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;x&lt;/code&gt;.

The effect of the &lt;code&gt;local&lt;/code&gt; operator is to make such declarations effective only within a &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression. Otherwise, declarations within a &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression are considered to be global declarations.

So what does all of this mean to the typical Maxima user? It means that the list of identifiers that is the first argument  of a &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression only declares the '''''values''''' of those identifiers as local to the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression in which the list is an argument. Any properties of identifiers are not declared local by this means. 

In order to declare '''''properties''''' of identifiers to be local to a &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression, the &lt;code&gt;local&lt;/code&gt; operator must be used as an expression within the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression. At the point where the local operator is evaluated as an argument of a &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression, the properties of the identifiers that are arguments to the &lt;code&gt;local&lt;/code&gt; operator become local to the block. It is not an unfair criticism that perhaps the &lt;code&gt;local&lt;/code&gt; operator should have been named something like &lt;code&gt;local_properties&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;
(%i25)	f (s) := cos (s);
(%o25)	f(s):=cos(s)

(%i26)	f (%pi/6);
(%o26)	sqrt(3)/2

(%i27)	block (local (f), f (s) := sin (s), f (%pi/6));
(%o27)	1/2

(%i28)	f (s);
(%o28)	cos(s)
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;In the above example, the '''''properties''''' of identifier &lt;code&gt;f&lt;/code&gt; were declared to be local in the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression using the &lt;code&gt;local&lt;/code&gt; operator. However, global properties of the identifier &lt;code&gt;f&lt;/code&gt; were not affected by the local function definition of &lt;code&gt;f&lt;/code&gt; in the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression. The global definition expression of &lt;code&gt;f&lt;/code&gt; which is &lt;code&gt;cos (s)&lt;/code&gt; and the argument &lt;code&gt;s&lt;/code&gt; were not affected by the local definition of &lt;code&gt;f&lt;/code&gt; because the properties of &lt;code&gt;f&lt;/code&gt; were declared local to the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression.  

&lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expressions can be used for different purposes in the Maxima programming context. &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expressions can be used in a stand-alone fashion or as part of an expression. However, &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expressions are commonly used in expressions that define '''''functions''''', which is the topic that follows. 

=== Functions ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Function Definition Operators
and Identifiers
|&lt;code&gt;:=&lt;/code&gt;
|&lt;code&gt;fundef&lt;/code&gt;
|&lt;code&gt;buildq&lt;/code&gt;
|-
|&lt;code&gt;::=&lt;/code&gt;
|&lt;code&gt;lambda&lt;/code&gt;
|&lt;code&gt;macros&lt;/code&gt;
|-
|&lt;code&gt;define&lt;/code&gt;
|&lt;code&gt;local&lt;/code&gt;
|&lt;code&gt;slice&lt;/code&gt;
|-
|&lt;code&gt;dispfun&lt;/code&gt;
|&lt;code&gt;remfunction&lt;/code&gt;
|
|-
|&lt;code&gt;functions&lt;/code&gt;
|&lt;code&gt;setup_autoload&lt;/code&gt;
|
|}
As a technical term '''''function''''' is aptly characterized as being overloaded. In the context of Maxima as a CAS, it has both a programming meaning and a mathematical meaning in terms of usage. In this book, the convention is to refer to what may otherwise be referred to as built-in Maxima functions as ''operators'' including those of built-in packages. By this convention, the term '''''function''''' in this book refers exclusively to expressions composed by the user by way of the &lt;code&gt;:=&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;define&lt;/code&gt; operators.

As has been mentioned elsewhere in this book, what are conventionally termed ''operators'' that are built-in to Maxima, are at the level of underlying expression construction, Lisp procedures of one type or another. So it makes sense to simply refer to built-in Maxima functions and operators simply as operators one and all. This convention obviates the need for the repetitious use of qualifiers such as ''built-in Maxima'' and ''user-defined'' functions.

There are two operators used to define functions as follows:

# The &lt;code&gt;''''':='''''&lt;/code&gt; operator
# The &lt;code&gt;'''define'''&lt;/code&gt; operator

 &lt;var&gt;&lt;code&gt;f (x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, x&lt;sub&gt;2,&lt;/sub&gt; ..., x&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;) ''':=''' expr&lt;/code&gt;
 &lt;code&gt;f&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;[x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, x&lt;sub&gt;2,&lt;/sub&gt; ..., x&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;] ''':=''' expr&lt;/code&gt;
 &lt;code&gt;f&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;[x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, x&lt;sub&gt;2,&lt;/sub&gt; ..., x&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;](y&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, y&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, ..., y&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt;) ''':=''' expr&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/var&gt; 

 &lt;code&gt;define (f&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;(x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, x&lt;sub&gt;2,&lt;/sub&gt; …, x&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;), expr)&lt;/code&gt;
 &lt;code&gt;define (f&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;[x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, x&lt;sub&gt;2,&lt;/sub&gt; …, x&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;], expr)&lt;/code&gt;
 &lt;code&gt;define (f&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;[x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, x&lt;sub&gt;2,&lt;/sub&gt; …, x&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;](y&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, y&lt;sub&gt;2,&lt;/sub&gt; …, y&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt;), expr)&lt;/code&gt;
 &lt;code&gt;define (funmake (f, [&lt;/code&gt;&lt;code&gt;x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, x&lt;sub&gt;2,&lt;/sub&gt; …, x&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;]), expr)&lt;/code&gt;
 &lt;code&gt;define (arraymake (f, [&lt;/code&gt;&lt;code&gt;x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, x&lt;sub&gt;2,&lt;/sub&gt; …, x&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;]), expr)&lt;/code&gt;
 &lt;code&gt;define (ev (&lt;/code&gt;&lt;code&gt;expr&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, expr&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;))&lt;/code&gt;
where &lt;code&gt;expr&lt;/code&gt; is some Maxima expression that is commonly referred to as the ''function body''. As can be concluded from the above, each of these operators has different forms of syntax that can be used. In any case, the most significant differences between these two operators are in terms of the evaluation of the function body and the composition and identification of functions dynamically. 

* '''Evaluation:'''
** The &lt;code&gt;:=&lt;/code&gt; operator '''suppresses (quotes)''' the evaluation of the function body when this operator is first evaluated. It does not evaluate or simplify the function body until the function identifier itself is evaluated with arguments.
** The &lt;code&gt;define()&lt;/code&gt; operator '''evaluates''' the function body when this operator is first evaluated. If the function body involves intermediate computations, substituted values, or extracted parts of expressions (like &lt;code&gt;rhs()&lt;/code&gt; or derivative results), the &lt;code&gt;define()&lt;/code&gt; operator includes the evaluated results of those directly into the function body.

* '''Dynamic Function Composition and Identifiers:'''
** Function identifiers cannot easily be composed dynamically on the left-hand side of the &lt;code&gt;:=&lt;/code&gt; operator when used inside programmatic loop expressions or in scripts.
** The &lt;code&gt;define()&lt;/code&gt; operator accepts expressions like &lt;code&gt;funmake&lt;/code&gt; or evaluated symbols as its first argument, allowing the composition and identification of functions dynamically during evaluation.


So, there are in general two different operators that can be used to define and evaluate functions. The choice by the Maxima user between these two operators depends on the purpose and context.

==== Function Definition Using the &lt;code&gt;:=&lt;/code&gt; Operator ====
For the purpose of understanding the two ways of defining functions, consider the following example which is elementary, but in terms of clarification is not merely simple:&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;/* &quot;kill&quot; all previously used identifier and values  */
(%i29)	kill (all);
(%o0)	done

/* assign identifier x the global value of 5  */
(%i1)	x : 5;
(x)	5

/* define f as a function with local argument x  */
(%i2)	f (x) := x;
(%o2)	f(x):=x

/* evaluate f at local value of x is 3  */
(%i3)	f (3);
(%o3)	3

/* the global value of x is not affected  */
(%i4)	x;
(%o4)	5

/* show the definition expression of the function named f  */
(%i5)	fundef (f);
(%o5)	f(x):=x&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;'''Function Definition Using the''' '''&lt;code&gt;define&lt;/code&gt; Operator'''&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;
/* define a function with identifier g with a
   local argument y and with a function body
   of identifier x */
   
(%i3)	define (g('x), x);
(%o3)	g(x):=5
/* identifier x of the function body is evaluated */
/* identifier x as an argument of g is local in scope */

(%i4)	fundef (g);
(%o4)	g(x):=5

/* the same identifier x used in three different roles */
    /* used as the global name of a function x */
    /* used as a local argument of a function */
    /* used as an unevaluated expression for a function body */
(%i7)	x(x) := x;
(%o7)	x(x):=x


(%i9)	x(3);
(%o9)	3

(%i10)	x;
(%o10)	5

(%i8)	fundef (x);
(%o8)	x(x):=x

(%i11)	define (x('x), x);
(%o11)	x(x):=5

(%i12)	fundef (x);
(%o12)	x(x):=5
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;The purpose of this example is not to encourage this sort of syntax as a typical choice for identifiers and function definitions. The purpose is to clarify how Maxima implicitly determines the scope and meaning of identifiers used for function definition in the absence of any explicit user stipulations.
It should be noted that the &lt;code&gt;define&lt;/code&gt; operator not only evaluates the expression that is the function body, it also evaluates the arguments of the function identifier that is the first argument of the &lt;code&gt;define&lt;/code&gt; operator. Since there is a global value of the identifier &lt;code&gt;x&lt;/code&gt; of &lt;code&gt;5&lt;/code&gt;, it was necessary to suppress evaluation (quote) the argument in the expression &lt;code&gt;(%i12) define ('x), x);&lt;/code&gt; as otherwise an error would be the result:&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;
/* define a new function named x */
(%i14)	define (x('x), 'x^2);
(%o14)	x(x):=x^2

/* check the definition of the new function named x */
(%i15)	fundef (x);
(%o15)	x(x):=x^2

/* the identifier x has a global value */
(%i16)	values;
(%o16)	[x]

/* the global value of identifier x is 5 */
(%i17)	x;
(%o17)	5

/* the suppressed global value 'x of identifier x is x */
(%i18)	'x;
(%o18)	x

/* not quoting the global value of identifier x is an error  */
(%i19)	define (x(x), 'x^2);
define: in definition of x, parameter must be a symbol and must not be a system constant; found: 5
 -- an error. To debug this try: debugmode(true);
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

==== Understanding the Differences Between the &lt;code&gt;:=&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;define&lt;/code&gt; Operators ====
In cases such as these, the suppression of evaluation by quoting is a user stipulation as to evaluation. Users must be aware of these differences between the two operators (&lt;code&gt;:=&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;define&lt;/code&gt;) for the purpose of function definition in order to achieve what is intended and to avoid errors,&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;
(%i20)	f (x) := 3*x^3  +  4*x  -  5;
(%o20)	f(x):=3*x^3+4*x-5

(%i21)	fundef (f);
(%o21)	f(x):=3*x^3+4*x-5

(%i22)	f(2);
(%o22)	27

(%i23)	define (f (x) , 3*x^3  +  4*x  -  5);
define: in definition of f, parameter must be a symbol and must not be a system constant; found: 5
-- an error. To debug this try: debugmode(true);

(%i24)	define (f ('x) , 3*x^3  +  4*x  -  5);
(%o24)	f(x):=390

(%i25)	define (f ('x) , '(3*x^3  +  4*x  -  5));
(%o25)	f(x):=3*x^3+4*x-5

(%i26)	fundef (f);
(%o26)	f(x):=3*x^3+4*x-5

(%i27)	f(2);
(%o27)	27
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;What is true in the case of these elementary examples is true in general for function definitions involving multiple arguments:&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;
/* x has a global value of 5 while y is local to g */
(%i28)	g (x, y)  :=  x^3 - y^2;
(%o28)	g(x,y):=x^3-y^2

(%i29)	g (6,2);
(%o29)	212

(%i30)	define (g('x, y), 'x^3 - y^2);
(%o30)	g(x,y):=x^3-y^2

(%i31)	values;
(%o31)	[x]

(%i32)	g (6,2);
(%o32)	212
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;The &lt;code&gt;define&lt;/code&gt; operator is a good choice in cases where an existing expression is used as the function body:&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;
(%i33)	/*  assign an expression to identifier expr */
	expr : diff('x^3, 'x);  /* Returns 3*x^2 */
(expr)	3*x^2

(%i34)	/* evaluate expr and define h (x) := 3*x^2 */
	define (h ('x), expr); 
(%o34)	h(x):=3*x^2
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;In cases in which functions require local variables or more than one expression for the function body, use the block operator:&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;
(%i35)	remvalue (x);
(%o35)	[x]

(%i36)	values;
(%o36)	[expr]
 --&gt;	power_sum (x, y) := block (
/* values of these identifiers are explicitly local to the function */
	    [sqx, sqy],  
/* unevaluated identifiers x and y are local arguments of the function
   and values of these identifiers are implicitly local to the function */
	    sqx : x^2,
	    sqy : y^2,
	    sqx + sqy /* the value of the function */
	)$

(%i37)	fundef (power_sum);
(%o37)	power_sum(x,y):=block([sqx,sqy],sqx:x^2,sqy:y^2,sqx+sqy)

(%i38)	power_sum (3,4);
(%o38)	25
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;The &lt;code&gt;define&lt;/code&gt; operator could also be used to define this function, but with different definition values as a consequence:&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;(%i39)	define (power_sum (x,y), 
                block (
                [sqx,sqy], 
                sqx : x^2,
                sqy : y^2, 
                sqx + sqy
                )
               )$

(%i40)	fundef (power_sum);
(%o40)	power_sum(x,y):=y^2+x^2

(%i41)	power_sum (3,4);
(%o41)	25&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;The function definition of &lt;code&gt;power_sum&lt;/code&gt; is different using the &lt;code&gt;define&lt;/code&gt; operator instead of the &lt;code&gt;:=&lt;/code&gt; operator. The value of the function when referenced with arguments (&lt;code&gt;power_sum (3,4)&lt;/code&gt;) is the same in both cases – &lt;code&gt;25&lt;/code&gt;. However, in general for defining functions, this may not be the case. The choice between these two operators depends on the intentions of the user.

==== Practical Considerations Related to Function Composition ====

In general, programming is a technical skill as well as a subjective art. So, absolute rules are not offered here.  For practical purposes some &quot;guidelines&quot; are offered here that may be useful for Maxima function composition as well as Maxima programming in general: 

*
*
*
*
*


Consider the following linear algebraic equation:

&lt;math display=&quot;block&quot;&gt;3y - 7x = 10&lt;/math&gt;
As an example suppose the value that is sought is the slope &lt;code&gt;m&lt;/code&gt; of this equation, and in general, the slope of any linear equation regardless of the form.   &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;/* assign the linear equation to an identifier */
(%i42)	lineqn : 3*y - 7*x = 10;
(lineqn)	3*y-7*x=10

/* solve the linear equation for y */
(%i43)	solve([lineqn], [y])
(%o43)	[y=(7*x+10)/3]

/* use the index [1] of the list to get the solved equation */
(%i44)	solve([lineqn], [y])[1]
(%o44)	y=(7*x+10)/3

/* use the rhs operator to get right-hand side */
(%i45)	rhs(solve([lineqn], [y])[1]);
(%o45)	(7*x+10)/3

/* use the expand operator change the RHS */
(%i46)	expand(rhs(solve([lineqn], [y])[1]));
(%o46)	(7*x)/3+10/3

/* use the coeff operator to get the coefficient of x */
(%i47)	coeff(expand(rhs(solve([lineqn], [y])[1])),x,1);
(%o47)	7/3

/* define the function with an argument eqn for lineqn */
(%i48)	m (eqn) := coeff (expand (rhs (solve ([eqn], [y])[1])),x,1)$

/* check the function definition */
(%i49)	fundef (m);
(%o49)	m(eqn):=coeff(expand(rhs((solve([eqn],[y]))[1])),x,1)

/* reference the function using lineqn as an argument */
(%i50)	m (lineqn);
(%o50)	7/3

/* assign a different linear equation to lineqn */
(%i51)	lineqn : x = 6*y + 13;
(lineqn)	x=6*y+13

/* reference the function using lineqn as an argument */
%i52)	m (lineqn);
(%o52)	1/6&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;The function body of this example will result in an error if it is used with the &lt;code&gt;define&lt;/code&gt; operator:&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;
(%i53)	define (
                m (eqn),
                coeff (expand (rhs (solve ([eqn], [y])[1])),x,1) 
               )$
inpart: invalid index 1 of list or matrix.
-- an error. To debug this try: debugmode(true);
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;This error is a consequence of the evaluation that occurs when using the &lt;code&gt;define&lt;/code&gt; operator. In this case, this evaluation results in a reference to the indexed value of a list object that does not exist when evaluation occurs during definition – &lt;code&gt;solve ([eqn], [y])[1]&lt;/code&gt;.

==== Memoizing Functions ====
The functions discussed so far are often referred to as '''''ordinary functions'''''. The arguments of ordinary functions are enclosed using parentheses – &lt;var&gt;&lt;code&gt;(x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, x&lt;sub&gt;2,&lt;/sub&gt; ..., x&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;)&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/var&gt; Function definition forms which include arguments enclosed by brackets (as in &lt;var&gt;&lt;code&gt;[x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, x&lt;sub&gt;2,&lt;/sub&gt; ..., x&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/var&gt;) are called '''''memoizing functions'''''.

Memoizing functions can be categorized both as functions and as data structures – specifically a ''hashed array'' of values. Memoizing functions are also referred to as '''''array functions'''''. In any case, memoizing functions can be defined using either the &lt;code&gt;:=&lt;/code&gt; operator or the &lt;code&gt;define&lt;/code&gt; operator. 

If the form of the function definition expression is &lt;code&gt;f [x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;,..., x&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;] := expr&lt;/code&gt; The  function body &lt;code&gt;expr&lt;/code&gt; is evaluated once for each individual value of the arguments, and that value is the value of the function, without again evaluating the function body, whenever referenced using arguments that have those same values. 

Once evaluated during a function reference with arguments, that value of a memoizing function is thereby &quot;frozen&quot; in other words. This frozen value also becomes an instance of a hashed array data structure that can be referenced by way of the value of the index used as an argument when first evaluated. 

In keeping with previous practice, the examples provided here are intentionally elementary for the purpose of demonstrating and clarifying the technical aspects involved. There is thereby no intention to convey that the composition of function definition expressions with multiple arguments and complex expressions for the function body is ruled out or of lesser practical value.   &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;/* define a memoizing function f */
/* x and n may serve as both arguments and array indices */
(%i54)	f  [x, n] := x^n;
(%o54)	f[x,n]:=x^n

/* check the array information for f */
(%i55)	arrayinfo (f);
(%o55)	[hashed,2]

/* f does not appear in the list of functions */
(%i56)	functions;
(%o56)	[m(lineqn)]

/* reference f with argument values  */
(%i57)	f [2,3] ;
(%o57)	8

/* check the array information for f again */
(%i58)	arrayinfo (f);
(%o58)	[hashed,2,[2,3]]

/* list the array values of f */
(%i59)	listarray (f);
(%o59)	[8]

/* f does appear in the list of arrays */
(%i60)	arrays;
(%o60)	[f]

/* reference f with new argument values  */
(%i61)	f [5,2];
(%o61)	25

/* check the array information for f again */
(%i62)	arrayinfo (f);
(%o62)	[hashed,2,[2,3],[5,2]]

/* list the array values of f */
(%i63)	listarray (f);
(%o63)	[8,25]&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;An expression of the form &lt;code&gt;define (f [x1, x2&lt;/code&gt;&lt;code&gt;,…, xn], expr)&lt;/code&gt; may also be used to define the same memoizing function &lt;code&gt;f&lt;/code&gt; in this case as the evaluation imposed by the &lt;code&gt;define&lt;/code&gt; operator during evaluation of these function arguments and this function body that occurs makes no difference:&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;
/* remove the function definition and values of f */
(%i64)	remarray (f);
(%o64)	[f]

/* the list of arrays is now empty */
(%i65)	arrays;
(%o65)	[]

/* define the same memoizing function f using the define operator */
/* evaluation makes no difference to the definition of f in this case */
(%i66)	define (f [x,n], x^n);
(%o66)	f[x,n]:=x^n

/* reference f with different argument values  */
(%i67)	f [3, 2];
(%o67)	9

/* reference f again with different argument values  */
(%i68)	f [2, 5];
(%o68)	32

/* f again appears in the list of arrays */
(%i69)	arrays;
(%o69)	[f]

/* check the array information for f */
(%i70)	arrayinfo (f);
(%o70)	[hashed,2,[2,5],[3,2]]

/* list the array values of f */
(%i71)	listarray (f);
(%o71)	[32,9]
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

===== Special Forms of Memoizing Functions =====
&lt;code&gt;f [x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;,..., x&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;](y&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, y&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;,..., y&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt;):= expr&lt;/code&gt;

or

&lt;code&gt;define (f&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;[x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, x&lt;sub&gt;2,&lt;/sub&gt; …, x&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;](y&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, y&lt;sub&gt;2,&lt;/sub&gt; …, y&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt;), expr)&lt;/code&gt;
An expression of the form &lt;code&gt;f [x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;,..., x&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;](y&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, y&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;,..., y&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt;):= expr&lt;/code&gt;, or alternatively of the form &lt;code&gt;define (f [x1, x2&lt;/code&gt;&lt;code&gt;,…, xn](y&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, y&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;,..., y&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt;), expr)&lt;/code&gt;, may also be used to define a memoizing function named &lt;code&gt;f&lt;/code&gt;.  When either of these forms are used to compose a function definition expression, there is a sense in which the resulting function is a hybrid – part memoizing function, and part &quot;ordinary&quot; function. These forms create a hashed array of functions where the array subscripts &lt;code&gt;[x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;,..., x&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;]&lt;/code&gt; evaluate immediately to &quot;specialize&quot; the function body, while the ordinary function arguments &lt;code&gt;(y&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, y&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;,..., y&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt;)&lt;/code&gt; are used when evaluating these individual functions.&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;/* Define a function for an array of &quot;shifted&quot; power functions */
(%i72)	define( p[n](x), x^n + n );
(%o72)	p[n](x):=x^n+n

(%i73)	p[2];
(%o73)	lambda([x],x^2+2)

(%i74)	p[2](5);
(%o74)	27

(%i75)	p[4];
(%o75)	lambda([x],x^4+4)

(%i76)	p[4](5);
(%o76)	629

(%i77)	arrayinfo (p);
(%o77)	[hashed,1,[2],[4]]

(%i78)	listarray (p)
(%o78)	[lambda([x],x^2+2),lambda([x],x^4+4)]

(%i79)	p[5];
(%o79)	lambda([x],x^5+5)

(%i80)	p[5](2);
(%o80)	37

(%i81)	listarray (p);
(%o81)	[lambda([x],x^2+2),lambda([x],x^4+4),lambda([x],x^5+5)]

(%i82)	arrayinfo (p);
(%o82)	[hashed,1,[2],[4],[5]]&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;'''Explanation of the code example:'''

'''1. Defining the memoizing function:''' The expression composed using the &lt;code&gt;define&lt;/code&gt; operator has a value that defines a special form of a memoizing function. The value of this defining expression serves as a &quot;template&quot; for indexed values of a hashed array – &lt;code&gt;p[n]&lt;/code&gt;. 

'''2. The value of array instances:''' Applying the defined function &lt;code&gt;p&lt;/code&gt; to an expression enclosed only with brackets for the argument identified as &lt;code&gt;n&lt;/code&gt;, returns a value that is a &lt;code&gt;lambda&lt;/code&gt; expression, and that is an indexed instance of a hashed array. The identifier &lt;code&gt;n&lt;/code&gt; serves as both as an argument of the function body and as an index of the hashed array in this case. &lt;code&gt;lambda&lt;/code&gt; expressions are sometimes referred to as ''anonymous'', ''ad hoc'', or ''throw-away''. The technical details of &lt;code&gt;lambda&lt;/code&gt; expressions are explained in a following section.

'''3. Evaluating the memoizing functions with arguments:''' The argument identified as &lt;code&gt;x&lt;/code&gt; in parentheses serves only as part of the composition of the function body of the indexed &lt;code&gt;lambda&lt;/code&gt; expressions of the hashed array &lt;code&gt;p&lt;/code&gt; when referenced by some expression in parentheses.

This form of the composition of a Maxima memoizing function is useful to create an array of unique &lt;code&gt;lambda&lt;/code&gt; expressions where the composition of each individual expression depends explicitly on the structural indices of the array that are used.

This form in general can be composed using more than one argument for index values enclosed in brackets, as well more than one evaluation argument enclosed in parentheses. The number of each type of argument need not be the same. For example, in a defining expression of the form:

&lt;code&gt;f [x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;,..., x&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;](y&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, y&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;,..., y&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt;):= expr&lt;/code&gt;,

that &lt;math display=&quot;inline&quot;&gt;n = m&lt;/math&gt; is true, is not necessary.

The operator &lt;code&gt;:=&lt;/code&gt; can also be used to define this type of memoizing function:&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;
/* index values can be expressions */
(%i83)	p [2*x];
(%o83)	lambda([x],x^(2*x)+2*x)

(%i84)	p [2*x](4);
(%o84)	65544

/* a memoizing function definition with multiple arguments */
(%i85)	p2 [m, n](x, y) := x^n + y^m + (m+n);
(%o85)	p2[m,n](x,y):=x^n+y^m+(m+n)

/* this expression creates the first indexed value of
   a hashed array identified as p2 */
(%i86)	p2 [2, 2];
(%o86)	lambda([x,y],y^2+x^2+4)

/* this expression has a value of 17 for values of the 
   arguments (2, 3) for the first indexed values of [2, 2] of
   a hashed array identified as p2 */
(%i87)	p2 [2, 2](2,3);
(%o87)	17

/* this expression creates the second indexed value of
   a hashed array identified as p2 */
(%i88)	p2 [3, 4];
(%o88)	lambda([x,y],y^3+x^4+7)

/* this expression has a value of 213 for values of the 
   arguments (3, 5) for the second indexed values of [3, 4] of
   a hashed array identified as p2 */
(%i89)	p2 [3, 4](3, 5);
(%o89)	213

(%i90)	arrayinfo (p2);
(%o90)	[hashed,2,[2,2],[3,4]]

(%i91)	arrayinfo (p);
(%o91)	[hashed,1,[2],[4],[5],[2*x]]

/* another memoizing function definition with multiple arguments
   and where n is not erqual to m */
(%i92)	p3 [i, j](x, y, z) := x^i * y^j * z^j;
(%o92)	p3[i,j](x,y,z):=x^i*y^j*z^j

(%i93)	p3 [3,4];
(%o93)	lambda([x,y,z],x^3*y^4*z^4)

(%i94)	p3 [3, 4] (2, 3, 4);
(%o94)	165888

(%i95)	arrayinfo (p3);
(%o95)	[hashed,2,[3,4]]

(%i96)	arrays;
(%o96)	[p,p2,p3]

(%i97)	listarray (p3);
(%o97)	[lambda([x,y,z],x^3*y^4*z^4)]
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

===== More Special Forms of Memoizing Functions Using the &lt;code&gt;define&lt;/code&gt; Operator =====
&lt;code&gt;define (funmake (f, [x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, x&lt;sub&gt;2,&lt;/sub&gt;…, x&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;]), expr)&lt;/code&gt;

or

&lt;code&gt;define (arraymake (f, [x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, x&lt;sub&gt;2,&lt;/sub&gt;…, x&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;]), expr)&lt;/code&gt;

or

&lt;code&gt;define (ev (expr&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, expr&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;))&lt;/code&gt;

==== Lambda Expressions ====

==== Macros – &lt;code&gt;::=&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;buildq&lt;/code&gt; Operators ====
In the Maxima Computer Algebra System (CAS), a '''''macro''''' is a special type of function that manipulates the structure of an expression before it is evaluated. 

The Maxima Manual describes ''macros''&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Maxima Manual - Operator ::= |url=https://maxima.sourceforge.io/docs/manual/Operators.html#index-_003a_003a_003d |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; as follows:
 ''&quot;Macro function definition operator.'' &lt;code&gt;::=&lt;/code&gt; ''defines a function (called a &quot;macro&quot; for historical reasons) which quotes its arguments, and the expression which it returns (called the &quot;macro expansion&quot;) is evaluated in the context from which the macro was called. A macro function is otherwise the same as an ordinary function.&quot;''
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Macro Operators and Identifiers
|&lt;code&gt;::=&lt;/code&gt;
|&lt;code&gt;macroexpand&lt;/code&gt;
|&lt;code&gt;macros&lt;/code&gt;
|&lt;code&gt;splice&lt;/code&gt;
|-
|&lt;code&gt;fundef&lt;/code&gt;
|  &lt;code&gt;dispfun&lt;/code&gt; 
| &lt;code&gt;buildq&lt;/code&gt; 
|
|-
|&lt;code&gt;remfunction&lt;/code&gt;
|&lt;code&gt;kill&lt;/code&gt;
|&lt;code&gt;remove&lt;/code&gt;
|
|}While ordinary Maxima functions evaluate their arguments immediately when referenced, a ''macro'' quotes its arguments. It treats those arguments as raw, not evaluated expression blocks, ''transforms'' them mathematically or syntactically, and then &lt;code&gt;evaluates&lt;/code&gt; the newly generated code. Because Maxima is written in and inherits the semantics of Common Lisp, its macro system acts similarly to Lisp macros, functioning essentially as a programmable compiler extension.

Key Mechanics of a Maxima Macro

* '''Definition Operator (&lt;code&gt;::&lt;/code&gt;=):''' You define a macro using the &lt;code&gt;::=&lt;/code&gt; operator instead of the ordinary function definition operator (&lt;code&gt;:=&lt;/code&gt;).
* '''The Global &lt;code&gt;macros&lt;/code&gt; List:''' Every time you create a macro, Maxima automatically tracks it by appending it to a global information list called &lt;code&gt;macros&lt;/code&gt;.
* '''Macro Expansion:''' When a macro is invoked, Maxima executes a process called ''expansion''. The macro code runs to generate a new Maxima expression, and then Maxima evaluates that final output expression.

====== Some Reasons to Use a Macro Instead of a Function: ======
Ordinary functions cannot control how or when arguments are evaluated. Macros are a good choice for:

# '''Evaluation Control:''' Preventing an expression from being evaluated until specific conditional statements are checked.
# '''Meta-programming:''' Writing clean, shorthand code that automatically generates longer, repetitive mathematical boilerplate expressions &quot;under the hood&quot; so to speak.
# '''Context Manipulation:''' Altering identifiers inside the environment where referenced rather than within a closed, localized function scope.

====== Example: Function vs. Macro ======
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;
/* an ordinary function definition expression */
(%i98)	a_function (expr) := print( &quot;The expression is: &quot;, expr)$

(%i99)	x : 5;
(x)	5

/* An ordinary function evaluates arguments when referenced */
(%i100)	a_function (x + 2)$
        The expression is: 7

/* This expression has the same value as the above */
(%i101)	a_function (expr : x + 2)$
        The expression is: 7

/* A macro quotes its arguments and controls execution */
(%i102)	a_macro (expr) ::= 
                            buildq (
                                     [expr], 
                                     print (&quot;The expression is: &quot;, 'expr)
                                   )$

(%i103)	a_macro (x + 2);
        The expression is: x+2
(%o103)	x+2

(%i104)	a_macro (expr : x + 2);
        The expression is: expr:x+2
(%o104)	expr:x+2

/* a macro function expression does not evaluate the argument */
(%i105)	a_macro (expr : 2);
        The expression is: expr:2
(%o105)	expr:2

/* the macros identifier lists defined macros */
(%i106)	macros;
(%o106)	[a_macro(expr)]
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;To &quot;quote&quot; ( &lt;code&gt;'&lt;/code&gt; ) an expression is to suppress evaluation.  The above example provides some insight into the value of the argument that a function references compared to the value of the argument that a macro references.

Maxima macros (and Lisp as well) are an example of the fact that expressions can be used as data – which is referred to as '''''homoiconicity'''''. The typical purpose of using macros is to reference expressions as arguments and have as a value of the macro a different expression, which has been evaluated instead.

To understand the difference, consider how a function and a macro handle a identifier named &lt;code&gt;x&lt;/code&gt;:

* If &lt;code&gt;a_function(x + 2)&lt;/code&gt; is referenced when &lt;code&gt;x&lt;/code&gt; has been previously assigned a value of &lt;code&gt;5&lt;/code&gt;, the function immediately receives &lt;code&gt;7&lt;/code&gt; as the value of the argument expression.
* If &lt;code&gt;a_macro(x + 2)&lt;/code&gt;, is referenced the macro receives the exact symbolic structure &lt;code&gt;x + 2&lt;/code&gt; as the value of the argument expression without evaluating it first, allowing manipulation of the literal algebraic format. Expression templates like &lt;code&gt;buildq&lt;/code&gt; are frequently used inside macros to compose new mathematical expressions. 
On the surface, a macro functions does not appear to be different than an ordinary function – both are expressions that have values if referenced using arguments. The difference involves the point in the processing of the expression as to what is evaluated when referenced and when. In short, The ordinary function processes evaluated arguments while the macro uses unevaluated  arguments to reshape the process of composing the returned value.

====== Two Other Simple Examples ======
Simple macros are typically used to create shorthand syntax, control evaluation, or mimic standard programming constructs like in-place modification.

'''Example''' '''1: In-place Increment'''

In Maxima, there is no built-in &lt;code&gt;x++&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;x : x + 1&lt;/code&gt; when &lt;code&gt;x&lt;/code&gt; is referenced as an argument of an ordinary function. Using a macro, an identifier can be referenced as an argument without evaluating it, modify it, and then reassign it.&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;/* macro definition expression */
(%i107)	incm (var) ::= buildq ([var], var : var + 1);
(%o108)	incm(var)::=buildq([var],var:var+1)

/* Usage */
(%i109)	x : 10;
(x)	10

(%i110)	incm (x);
(%o110)	11

/* x is now 11 */
(%i111)	x;
(%o111)	11&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;An ordinary function would evaluate &lt;code&gt;x&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;10&lt;/code&gt; immediately, passing the number &lt;code&gt;10&lt;/code&gt; to the function. Consequently, an ordinary function cannot assign a new value to the raw identifier &lt;code&gt;x&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;/* function definition expression */
(%i112)	incf(var) := buildq([var], var : var + 1);
(%o112)	incf(var):=buildq([var],var:var+1)

(%i113)	incf (x);
(%o113)	11:12

/* x is still 11 */
(%i114)	x;
(%o114)	11&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;'''Example 2: Unless Conditional''' &lt;code&gt;(unless_then)&lt;/code&gt;

A macro for a custom control flow that evaluates a body of expressions only if a condition is &lt;code&gt;false&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;
/* definition expression for the macro */
(%i115)	unless_then(cond, body) ::= buildq([cond, body], if not cond then body)$
	
/* usage */
(%i115)	is_raining : false;
(is_raining)	false

(%i116)	unless_then(is_raining, print(&quot;Let's go for a walk!&quot;))$
Let's go for a walk!
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

====== Some Complex Macro Examples ======
Complex macros often use &lt;code&gt;buildq&lt;/code&gt; (build quotation) alongside loop structures to dynamically generate heavily nested code, unroll repetitive operations, or create entirely new domain-specific syntax.

'''Example 1: Parallel Assignment''' &lt;code&gt;(psetq)&lt;/code&gt;

This macro mimics Lisp's parallel assignment. It takes a list of variables and a list of values, evaluating all values first before assigning them to prevent variables from overwriting each other mid-process (useful for swapping variables).&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;
(%i117)  psetq ([args]) ::= block 
	
	(    
	    [len, vars, vals, gensyms, assignments, final_assigns],
	    len  :  length (args),
	    if oddp (len) then 
	        error (&quot;psetq requires an even number of arguments&quot;),
	    
	    /* Separate variables and expressions */
	    vars  :  makelist (args[i], i, 1, len, 2),
	    vals  :  makelist (args[i], i, 2, len, 2),
	    
	    /* Create unique temporary identifiers to hold the evaluated 
	       values safely */
	    gensyms  :  makelist (gensym (), i, 1, length (vars)),
	    
	    /* 1. Evaluate expressions into temporary identifiers */
	    assignments  :  makelist (buildq 
	                                ([g: gensyms[i], v: vals[i]], g: v), 
	                                 i,
	                                 1,
	                                 length (vars)
	                             ),
	    
	    /* 2. Assign temporary identifiers  back to target  identifiers */
	    final_assigns  :  makelist (buildq([v : vars[i], g : gensyms[i]],
	                                    v : g),
	                                    i,
	                                    1,
	                                    length (vars)),
	    
	    /* Return a block containing both steps sequentially */
	    buildq ([assignments, final_assigns], 
	             block (
	                    splice (assignments),
	                    splice (final_assigns)
	                   )
	           )
	
	)$
	
(%i118)	x : 5$

(%i119)	y : 10$

(%i120)	psetq(x, y, y, x)$

(%i21)	print(&quot;x =&quot;, x, &quot;y =&quot;, y)$
&quot;x =&quot;5&quot;y =&quot;10
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;Key Concept: &lt;code&gt;splice&lt;/code&gt; is used here inside &lt;code&gt;buildq&lt;/code&gt; to unpack the list of generated assignment expressions directly into the &lt;code&gt;block(...)&lt;/code&gt; structure so it executes as raw, flat sequential code.

'''Example 2: Memoized Timing Wrapper''' &lt;code&gt;(time_and_cache)&lt;/code&gt;

This macro wraps an expensive mathematical calculation. It checks if a global cache has the result; if not, it prints a timing message, computes it, saves it to a hashed array, and returns the value.&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;
(%i63)	time_and_cache (cache_name, key, expr)  ::= 
	buildq
	(
	    [cache_name, key, expr],
	    block
	    (
	        [cached_val],
	        cached_val : cache_name[key],
	        
	        if cached_val # false then
	        (
	            print(&quot;Cache Hit!&quot;),
	            cached_val
	        ) 
	        else 
	        (
	            print (&quot;Cache Miss. Computing...&quot;),
	            block
	            (
	                [start_t, result],
	                start_t : absolute_real_time(),
	                result : expr,
	                print(&quot;Elapsed time:&quot;, absolute_real_time() - start_t, &quot;seconds&quot;),
	                cache_name[key] : result,
	                result
	            )
	        )
	    )
	)$


(%i64)	time_and_cache (my_cache, &quot;heavy_sum&quot;, sum (k^2, k, 1, 100000));
Cache Miss. Computing...
Elapsed time:&quot;0&quot;seconds
(%o64)	333338333350000


(%i65)	time_and_cache (my_cache, &quot;heavy_sum&quot;, sum (k^2, k, 1, 100000));
Cache Hit!
(%o65)	333338333350000
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;'''Core Macro Utilities to Remember:'''

When moving from simple to complex macros in Maxima, you will heavily rely on these three tools:

1. &lt;code&gt;buildq([substitutions], expression)&lt;/code&gt;: Safely injects variables into a quoted expression template.

2. &lt;code&gt;splice(list)&lt;/code&gt;: Flattens a list within a &lt;code&gt;buildq&lt;/code&gt; template, removing the outer list bracket tags.

3. &lt;code&gt;gensym()&lt;/code&gt;: Generates a completely unique variable name (e.g., g1234) to prevent macro internal variables from accidentally clashing with variables in the user's main program (hygiene).

==== Some Techniques for Function Composition ====

=== Conditional Expressions – Special Operator &lt;code&gt;if&lt;/code&gt; ===

=== Expressions for Iteration – Special Operator &lt;code&gt;do&lt;/code&gt; ===
The special operator &lt;code&gt;do&lt;/code&gt;  is used to compose expressions for iteration. It is typically used with the following other special operators:

* &lt;code&gt;while&lt;/code&gt;
* &lt;code&gt;unless&lt;/code&gt;
* &lt;code&gt;for&lt;/code&gt;
* &lt;code&gt;from&lt;/code&gt;
* &lt;code&gt;thru&lt;/code&gt;
* &lt;code&gt;step&lt;/code&gt;
* &lt;code&gt;next&lt;/code&gt;
* &lt;code&gt;in&lt;/code&gt;

The general forms of &lt;code&gt;do&lt;/code&gt; expressions Maxima supports are:

&lt;code&gt;for&lt;/code&gt; variable: initial_value &lt;code&gt;step&lt;/code&gt; increment &lt;code&gt;thru&lt;/code&gt; limit &lt;code&gt;do&lt;/code&gt; body

&lt;code&gt;for&lt;/code&gt; variable: initial_value &lt;code&gt;step&lt;/code&gt; increment &lt;code&gt;while&lt;/code&gt; condition &lt;code&gt;do&lt;/code&gt; body

&lt;code&gt;for&lt;/code&gt; variable: initial_value &lt;code&gt;step&lt;/code&gt; increment &lt;code&gt;unless&lt;/code&gt; condition &lt;code&gt;do&lt;/code&gt; body

&lt;code&gt;for&lt;/code&gt; variable &lt;code&gt;in&lt;/code&gt; list &lt;code&gt;do&lt;/code&gt; body

&lt;code&gt;for&lt;/code&gt; variable &lt;code&gt;in&lt;/code&gt; expr &lt;code&gt;do&lt;/code&gt; body

&lt;code&gt;for&lt;/code&gt; variable &lt;code&gt;in&lt;/code&gt; hash_table &lt;code&gt;do&lt;/code&gt; body

=== Lisp and Maxima ===
{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>75b155soo6cjya52ziu59ydilbt0u1k</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>A-level Computing AQA Paper 1 Skeleton program 2027</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>485519</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4680121</id>
      <parentid>4679789</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-05T07:20:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mr Goff OPGS</username>
        <id>3630478</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Section C Mark distribution comparison */</comment>
      <origin>4680121</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="29634" sha1="hgrysk9irp3vx72ff1ozs8eo7vgi097" xml:space="preserve">{{soft redirect|v:en:A-level Computer Science AQA Paper 1 Skeleton program 2027}}

== Section C Mark distribution comparison ==
Mark distribution for this year:

The 2027 paper 1 will contain 4 questions worth 2, 3, 6, and 2 marks (13 total) 

The 2026 paper 1 contained 5 questions worth 3, 2, 5, 2 and 1 mark(s) (13 total).

The 2025 paper contained 4 questions worth 2 marks each (8 total).

The 2024 paper contained 3 questions worth 11 marks in total (3+2+6=11).

The 2023 paper contained 6 questions worth 13 marks

The 2022 paper contained 5 questions worth 17 marks.

The 2021 paper contained 4 questions worth 13 marks.

== Section C Predictions == 


'''Predictions:'''


== Section D Mark distribution comparison ==
Mark distribution for this year:

* The 2027 paper 1 contains

These marks include the screen capture(s), so the marks for the coding will be 1-2 marks lower.

* The 2026 paper 1 contains 4 questions: a 5 mark, an 8 mark and two 12 mark questions.

* The 2025 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 5 mark, a 6 mark and two 14 mark questions.
* The 2024 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 5 mark, a 6 mark and two 14 mark questions.
* The 2023 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 5 mark, a 9 mark, a 10 mark and one 13 mark question.
* The 2022 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 5 mark, a 9 mark, a 11 mark and one 13 mark question.
* The 2021 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 6 mark, an 8 mark, a 9 mark and one 14 mark question.
* The 2020 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 6 mark, an 8 mark, a 11 mark and one 12 mark question.
* The 2019 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 5 mark, an 8 mark, a 9 mark and one 13 mark question.
* The 2018 paper 1 contained 5 questions: a 2 mark, a 5 mark, two 9 mark and one 12 mark question.
* The 2017 paper 1 contained 5 questions: a 5 mark, three 6 mark and one 12 mark question.

== Section D Predictions ==
=== '''Q1: Write code to utilize Bonus when a player clears a pile, or use TurnsSinceMatch to trigger a board reshuffle when players get stuck.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


=== '''Q2: Modify board creation or grid coordinate calculations to validate that board sizes loaded from external files form valid square dimensions.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Q3: Refactor Pile.GetSymbolOfTopTile() to return a fallback character (e.g., ' ' or '?') or throw a defensive guard check if the pile is empty.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Q4: Modify TilesCS.Main() so that when setting up a default game, the user is prompted to enter a custom target score (MaxScore) rather than using the hardcoded value of 10.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
GK - Coombe Wood School - South Croydon 
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
if (UseDataFromFile == false)
 {
     Players.Add(new Player(&quot;Player 1&quot;, 0));
     Players.Add(new Player(&quot;Player 2&quot;, 0));
     for (int Count = 1; Count &lt;= 36; Count++)
     {
         Pile P = new Pile(3, 0);
         P.Add(new Tile('A', 1));
         P.Add(new Tile('B', 2));
         P.Add(new Tile('A', 1));
         Board.Add(P);
     }
     //start change
     Console.WriteLine(&quot;Enter a target score&quot;);
     MaxScore = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
     //end change
 }


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

    if UseDataFromFile == False:
        Players.append(Player(&quot;Player 1&quot;, 0))
        Players.append(Player(&quot;Player 2&quot;, 0))

        for Count in range(1, 37):
            P = Pile(3, 0)
            P.Add(Tile(&quot;A&quot;, 1))
            P.Add(Tile(&quot;B&quot;, 2))
            P.Add(Tile(&quot;A&quot;, 1))
            Board.append(P)

        # -- Start Changes --
        MaxScoreInput=input(&quot;Enter a max score: &quot;)
        if type(MaxScoreInput)==int:
            MaxScore=MaxScoreInput
        else:
            print(&quot;Using default max score (10)&quot;)
        # -- End Changes --

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Q5: Update the DisplayScores() method in Game so that in addition to printing player scores, it prints which player is currently winning or states that the game is currently a tie.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
GK - Coombe Wood School - South Croydon 

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

private void DisplayScores()
{
    Console.WriteLine();
    foreach (Player P in Players)
    {
     Console.WriteLine($&quot;{P.GetName()}: has a score of {P.GetScore()}&quot;);
    }
    //start change
    if (Players[1].GetScore() &gt; Players[0].GetScore())
    {
        Console.WriteLine($&quot;{Players[1].GetName()} is winning&quot;);
    }
    else if (Players[1].GetScore() &lt; Players[0].GetScore())
    {
        Console.WriteLine($&quot;{Players[0].GetName()} is winning&quot;);
    }
    else if (Players[1].GetScore() == Players[0].GetScore())
    { 
       Console.WriteLine(&quot;The game is currently a tie.&quot;);
    }
        //end change
        
    Console.WriteLine();
}


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

def __DisplayScores(self):
        print()
        for P in self.__Players:
            print(f&quot;{P.GetName()}: has a score of {P.GetScore()}&quot;)
        print()
        # -- Start Changes --
        if self.__Players[0]._Score&gt;self.__Players[1]._Score:
            print(f&quot;{self.__Players[0].GetName} Is winning&quot;)

        elif self.__Players[0]._Score&lt;self.__Players[1]._Score:
            print(f&quot;{self.__Players[1].GetName} Is winning&quot;)

        else:
            print(&quot;Both players are tied&quot;)
        # -- End Changes -- 


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Q6: Add a method CountTotalTiles() to the Game class that counts and returns the total number of tiles remaining across all piles on the board. Display this total when the board is displayed ('B'). '''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
GK - Coombe Wood School - South Croydon 

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

//total number of tiles
//start change
private int CountTotalTiles()
{
    int total = 0;

    for (int i = 0; i &lt; Board.Count; i++)
    {
        total += Board[i].GetNumberOfTiles();
    }
    return total;
}
//end change

DisplayMenu();
Choice = GetChoice();
if (Choice == &quot;B&quot;)
{
    DisplayBoard();
    //start change
    Console.WriteLine($&quot;Total number of tiles {CountTotalTiles()}&quot;);
    //end change               
}


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Q7: Modify ChoosePile() in the Game class to validate that both user-entered X and Y coordinates fall within valid grid boundaries (1 \le x {GridSize} and 1 \le y \le{GridSize}) before calculating the index.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Q8: The Pile class contains an unused Bonus field. Add a method GetAndClearBonus() to Pile that returns the bonus value and resets it to 0. Update PlayGame() in Game so that when a matching pair is found, any bonus points from the two chosen piles are added to the player's score.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Q9: Extend the Player class to keep track of how many successful matching pairs each player has made during the game. Display this count in DisplayScores().'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
JO: Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
JO
// START CHANGE class Player
protected int SuccessMatches = 0;
public virtual void NumberOfSuccessfulMatches()
{
    SuccessMatches++;
}
public virtual int ReturnMatches()
{
    return SuccessMatches;
}
//END CHANGE
//START CHANGE DisplayScores
Console.WriteLine($&quot;{Players[0].GetName()} has {Players[0].ReturnMatches()} successful matches&quot;);
Console.WriteLine($&quot;{Players[1].GetName()} has {Players[1].ReturnMatches()} successful matches&quot;);
// END CHANGE


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

def PlayGame(self):
                    # Code Omitted
                    ScoreIncrease += Tile1.GetPoints() + Tile2.GetPoints()
                    self.__Players[self.__WhoseTurn].ChangeScore(ScoreIncrease)
                    # -- Start Changes : PlayGame --
                    self.__Players[self.__WhoseTurn].match()
                    # -- End Changes --

def __DisplayScores(self):
        print()
        for P in self.__Players:
            # -- Start Changes : __DisplayScores --
            print(f&quot;{P.GetName()}: has a score of {P.GetScore()} with {P.GetSuccessfulPairs()} Successful Pair(s)&quot;)
            # -- End Changes --
        print()

# -- Start Changes : Player --
    def GetSuccessfulPairs(self):
        return self._SuccessfulPairs

    def match(self):
        self._SuccessfulPairs+=1
# -- End Changes --
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Q10: Add a new menu option 'P' (&quot;Peek at Pile&quot;) to Game. When selected, prompt the user for coordinates and display all tile symbols contained within that specific pile from top to bottom without removing any tiles.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Q11: In Game.PlayGame(), if 5 consecutive turns occur without a single successful match (TurnsSinceMatch &gt;= 5), automatically discard the top tile of every non-empty pile on the board to refresh the grid state, and reset '''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
JB: Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
TurnsSinceMatch = 0.
// ANNOTATION: Player taking a turn selects two piles
int Pile1 = ChoosePile();
int Pile2;
do
{
    Pile2 = ChoosePile();
} while (Pile1 == Pile2); // Ensure they don't pick the exact same pile twice

TurnsSinceMatch++;
int resetGame = 0;
// ANNOTATION: Check if both chosen piles actually have tiles in them
if (Board[Pile1].Empty() == false &amp;&amp; Board[Pile2].Empty() == false)
{
    // ANNOTATION: Match Check! Compare the top tile symbols
    if (Board[Pile1].GetSymbolOfTopTile() == Board[Pile2].GetSymbolOfTopTile())
    {
        TurnsSinceMatch = 0; // Reset counter

        // Remove top tiles from the board
        Tile Tile1 = Board[Pile1].Remove();
        Tile Tile2 = Board[Pile2].Remove();

        // Add them to discard
        Discard.Add(Tile1);
        Discard.Add(Tile2);

        // Calculate score (sum of both tile point values)
        int ScoreIncrease = 0;
        ScoreIncrease += Tile1.GetPoints() + Tile2.GetPoints();
        Players[WhoseTurn].ChangeScore(ScoreIncrease);
        Console.WriteLine($&quot;{Players[WhoseTurn].GetName()}, you had two matching {Tile1.GetSymbol()} tiles; your score has increased by {ScoreIncrease}&quot;);
        resetGame = 0;
    }
    else
    {
        Console.WriteLine(&quot;You did not find a matching pair.&quot;);
        Console.WriteLine($&quot;The first pile you chose had a {Board[Pile1].GetSymbolOfTopTile()}&quot;);
        Console.WriteLine($&quot;The second pile you chose had a {Board[Pile2].GetSymbolOfTopTile()}&quot;);
        resetGame += 1;
        Console.WriteLine(resetGame);
        if (resetGame == 5)
        {
            TurnsSinceMatch = 0;
            for (int i = 0; i &lt; Board.Count - 1; i++)
            {
                Tile Tilei = Board[Pile1].Remove();
            }
        }
    }


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


=== '''Q12: Add a static method SaveGame(...) to TilesCS that saves the current state of the game (Board, Players, Discard, MaxScore, WhoseTurn, TurnsSinceMatch) to a text file using the exact structure expected by LoadGame().'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


=== '''Q13: Create a subclass SpecialTile inheriting from Tile. It includes a boolean attribute IsDoublePoints. Override GetPoints() so that if IsDoublePoints is true, the method returns twice the standard base points.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Q14: Create a subclass WildcardTile inheriting from Tile with symbol '*'. Modify PlayGame() in Game so that if either selected top tile is a WildcardTile ('*'), the selection automatically counts as a match with any other symbol'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
def PlayGame(self):
            # Code Omitted
            if self.__Board[Pile1].Empty() == False and self.__Board[Pile2].Empty() == False:
                # -- Start Changes --
                if self.__Board[Pile1].GetSymbolOfTopTile() == self.__Board[Pile2].GetSymbolOfTopTile() or self.__Board[Pile1].GetSymbolOfTopTile()==&quot;*&quot; or self.__Board[Pile2].GetSymbolOfTopTile()==&quot;*&quot;:
                    self.__TurnsSinceMatch = 0
                    Tile1 = self.__Board[Pile1].Remove()
                    Tile2 = self.__Board[Pile2].Remove()
                    self.__Discard.append(Tile1)
                    self.__Discard.append(Tile2)
                    ScoreIncrease = 0
                    if Tile1.GetSymbol()==&quot;*&quot;:
                        ScoreIncrease=Tile2.GetPoints*2
                    elif Tile2.GetSymbol()==&quot;*&quot;:
                        ScoreIncrease=Tile1.GetPoints*2
                    else:
                        ScoreIncrease += Tile1.GetPoints() + Tile2.GetPoints()
                    # -- End Changes --

# -- Start Changes --
class WildTile(Tile):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__(&quot;*&quot;,3)
# -- End Changes --

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


=== '''Q15: Create a derived class AIPlayer inheriting from Player. Add a method SelectPiles(List&lt;Pile&gt; Board) that scans the board for two non-empty piles sharing identical top tiles and returns their indices. If no match is visible, return the first two available non-empty pile indices.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Q16: Add an Undo feature to Game. If a player makes a successful match, store the removed tiles, pile indices, and score awarded. Add menu option 'U' to undo the last move, returning the tiles from Discard back into their respective piles and deducting the awarded score from the player.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Q17: Allow each player a maximum of 1 &quot;Peek&quot; ability per game. Add option 'V' to the menu. When used, the current player selects a pile and previews the symbol of the second tile down in that pile without removing it. Subtract 1 from their available peeks.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
JO: Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
 // start change in Player Class
    protected int PeekAbility = 1;
    public virtual bool Peek()
    {
        if (PeekAbility  == 1)
        {
            PeekAbility--;
            return true;
        }
        else
        {
            return false;
        }
    }
    // end change
   while (GameOver == false)
{
    string Choice = &quot;&quot;;
    while (Choice != &quot;T&quot;)
    {
        DisplayMenu();
        Choice = GetChoice();
        if (Choice == &quot;B&quot;)
        {
            DisplayBoard();
        }
        else if (Choice == &quot;D&quot;)
        {
            DisplayDiscard();
        }
        else if (Choice == &quot;S&quot;)
        {
            DisplayScores();
        }

        // start change
        else if (Choice == &quot;V&quot;)
        {
            DisplaySecondTile();
        }
        // end change
    }
            

   // start change in Class Game
    private void DisplaySecondTile()
    {
        if (Players[WhoseTurn].Peek() == true)
        {
            int PilePeek = ChoosePile();
            char TopTile = Board[PilePeek].GetSymbolOfTopTile();
            Board[PilePeek].Remove();
            Console.WriteLine(Board[PilePeek].GetSymbolOfTopTile());
            Board[PilePeek].Add(new Tile(TopTile, 0));
        }
        else
        {
            Console.WriteLine(&quot;Peek has already been used!&quot;);
        }
    }
    // end change
private void DisplayMenu()
{
    Console.WriteLine();
    Console.WriteLine();
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;MENU&quot;);
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;B. Display the board&quot;);
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;D. Display the discard&quot;);
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;T. Take turn&quot;);
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;S. Display scores&quot;);
    //start change
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;V. Peek at pile&quot;);
    //end change
    Console.WriteLine();
}


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Q18: Create a derived class TrapPile inheriting from Pile. If a matching pair of tiles is removed where either selected pile is a TrapPile, convert the score gain into a penalty (subtract points instead of adding).'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Q19:Modify Game to support non-square grids (e.g., Width \times Height = 20 piles total). Replace GridSize with GridWidth and GridHeight. Update GetIndex(x, y) and DisplayBoard() accordingly.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Q20: Create a MoveLog class to track turn events. Record player name, chosen pile coordinates, matched symbols, and points earned. Add menu option 'H' to print a structured text table summarizing all completed turns in the current game session.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
== Section D: Issues with the Code and Fixes : ==

=== '''Issue 1: When entering a choice, the way the program detects what choice the player has inputted is case sensitive. Entering ‘b’ rather than ‘B’ will prompt the user to enter their choice again.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
// Start change
Choice = Console.ReadLine().ToUpper();
// end change

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
# Start change
Choice = input(f&quot;{self.__Players[self.__WhoseTurn].GetName()}, enter your choice: &quot;).upper()
# End change

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


=== '''Issue 2: The program allows the user to enter x and y coordinates out of the 1-6 range'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
// Start change
while (x&gt;6 || x&lt;1 || y&gt;6 || y&lt;1)
{
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;Please enter within the range of 1-6&quot;);
    Console.Write(&quot;Enter x coordinate: &quot;);
    x = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
    Console.Write(&quot;Enter y coordinate: &quot;);
    y = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());

}
return GetIndex(x, y);
// end change


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
    def __ChoosePile(self):
        x = 0
        y = 0
        # -- Start Changes --
        while x&lt;1 or x&gt;6 or y&lt;1 or y&gt;6:
            print()
            print(&quot;For each coordinate enter a number between 1 and 6&quot;)
            x = int(input(&quot;Enter x coordinate: &quot;))
            y = int(input(&quot;Enter y coordinate: &quot;))
            print()
            # -- End Changes --
        return self.__GetIndex(x, y)

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Issue 3: If player 1 and player 2 get the same score, the game ends and a tie isn't declared.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
// Start change
else if (Players[1].GetScore() == Players[0].GetScore())
{
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;The game is a tie.&quot;);
}
// end change


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
def PlayGame(self):
        #Code Omitted
        if self.__Players[0].GetScore() &gt; self.__Players[1].GetScore():
            print(f&quot;{self.__Players[0].GetName()} has won!&quot;)
        elif self.__Players[1].GetScore() &gt; self.__Players[0].GetScore():
            print(f&quot;{self.__Players[1].GetName()} has won!&quot;)
        # -- Start Changes --
        else:
            print(&quot;The game ends in a tie.&quot;)
        # -- End Changes --
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Issue 4: The program doesn’t display any error messages to the user when they choose the same pile.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
int Pile1 = ChoosePile();
// START CHANGE
int Pile2 = ChoosePile();
while (Pile1 == Pile2)
{
     Console.WriteLine(&quot;Please input a different tile&quot;);
     Pile2 = ChoosePile();
}
// END CHANGE


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
def PlayGame(self):
            #Code Omitted
            Pile1 = self.__ChoosePile()
            Pile2 = self.__ChoosePile()
            while Pile1 == Pile2:
                # -- Start Changes --
                print(&quot;Pile 2 must be different to Pile 1&quot;)
                # -- End Changes
                Pile2 = self.__ChoosePile()
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Issue 5: If a letter which is not on the display menu is entered, there is no error message or a message to prompt the user to enter a valid letter'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
while (Choice.ToUpper() != &quot;T&quot;)
{
    DisplayMenu();
    Choice = GetChoice();
    if (Choice.ToUpper() == &quot;B&quot;)
    {
        DisplayBoard();
    }
    else if (Choice.ToUpper() == &quot;D&quot;)
    {
        DisplayDiscard();
    }
    else if (Choice.ToUpper() == &quot;S&quot;)
    {
        DisplayScores();
    }
    // CHANGE
    else if (Choice.ToUpper() != &quot;T&quot;)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(&quot;That is not a valid menu option.&quot;);
    }
    // END CHANGE
}


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

    def PlayGame(self):
        while self.__GameOver == False:
            Choice = &quot;&quot;
            while Choice != &quot;T&quot;:
                self.__DisplayMenu()
                Choice = self.__GetChoice()
                if Choice == &quot;B&quot;:
                    self.__DisplayBoard()
                elif Choice == &quot;D&quot;:
                    self.__DisplayDiscard()
                elif Choice == &quot;S&quot;:
                    self.__DisplayScores()
                # -- Start Changes -- 
                elif Choice != &quot;T&quot;:
                    print(&quot;Please enter a valid option&quot;)
                # -- End Changes --

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


=== '''Issue 6: Before the tiles are matched, the code should check if the pile is empty or the players turn is wasted'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
  int Pile1 = ChoosePile();
            // START Change
            while (Board[Pile1].Empty() == true)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(&quot;Empty tile&quot;);
                Pile1 = ChoosePile();
            }
            int Pile2 = ChoosePile();
            while (Board[Pile2].Empty() == true)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(&quot;Empty Tile&quot;);
                Pile2 = ChoosePile();
            }
            // end change


else
{
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;You chose an empty pile&quot;);
    //player is given another turn if pile is empty
    //start change
    PlayGame();
    //end change
}


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
def PlayGame(self):
            #Code Omitted
            Pile1 = self.__ChoosePile()
            # -- Start Changes --
            while Pile1.Empty():
                print(&quot;Please pick a pile that isn't empty&quot;)
                Pile1=self.__ChoosePile
            Pile2 = self.__ChoosePile()
            while Pile2.Empty():
                print(&quot;Please pick a pile that isn't empty&quot;)
                Pile2=self.__ChoosePile()
            # -- End Changes --
            while Pile1 == Pile2:
                Pile2 = self.__ChoosePile()
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Issue 7: When invalid input is entered code crashes'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

int x = 0, y = 0;
// CHANGE
try
{
    Console.Write(&quot;Enter x coordinate: &quot;);
    x = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
    Console.Write(&quot;Enter y coordinate: &quot;);
    y = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
    return GetIndex(x, y);
} catch (Exception)
{
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;Invalid input&quot;);
    ChoosePile();
}
// END CHANGE


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Issue 8: When the game finishes, it does not display the scores of both users'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
//start change
if (Players[0].GetScore() &gt; Players[1].GetScore())
{
    Console.WriteLine($&quot;{Players[0].GetName()} has won! Score:&quot; + Players[0].GetScore());
}
else if (Players[1].GetScore() &gt; Players[0].GetScore())
{
    Console.WriteLine($&quot;{Players[1].GetName()} has won! Score:&quot; + Players[1].GetScore());
}
//end change


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
def PlayGame(self):
        #Code Omitted
        if self.__Players[0].GetScore() &gt; self.__Players[1].GetScore():
            print(f&quot;{self.__Players[0].GetName()} has won!&quot;)
            # -- Start Changes --
            self.__DisplayScores()
            # -- End Changes --
        elif self.__Players[1].GetScore() &gt; self.__Players[0].GetScore():
            print(f&quot;{self.__Players[1].GetName()} has won!&quot;)
            # -- Start Changes --
            self.__DisplayScores()
            # -- End Changes --
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


=== '''Issue 9: The x coordinates can go above the boundary of 1-6'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
// CHANGE
try
{
    do
    {
        Console.Write(&quot;Enter x coordinate: &quot;);
        x = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());

        if (x &gt; GridSize || x &lt; 1)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(&quot;Out of bounds. Enter a value within the range of the grid.&quot;);
        }

    } while (x &gt; GridSize || x &lt; 1);

    do
    {
        Console.Write(&quot;Enter y coordinate: &quot;);
        y = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());

        if (y &gt; GridSize || y &lt; 1)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(&quot;Out of bounds. Enter a value within the range of the grid.&quot;);
        }

        return GetIndex(x, y);

    } while (y &gt; GridSize || y &lt; 1);
}
catch (Exception)
{
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;Invalid input&quot;);
    ChoosePile();
}
return 0;
// END CHANGE


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}</text>
      <sha1>hgrysk9irp3vx72ff1ozs8eo7vgi097</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4680122</id>
      <parentid>4680121</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-05T07:22:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mr Goff OPGS</username>
        <id>3630478</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Section D Mark distribution comparison */</comment>
      <origin>4680122</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="29708" sha1="o803b715hkrzxk531etp2otbfng18he" xml:space="preserve">{{soft redirect|v:en:A-level Computer Science AQA Paper 1 Skeleton program 2027}}

== Section C Mark distribution comparison ==
Mark distribution for this year:

The 2027 paper 1 will contain 4 questions worth 2, 3, 6, and 2 marks (13 total) 

The 2026 paper 1 contained 5 questions worth 3, 2, 5, 2 and 1 mark(s) (13 total).

The 2025 paper contained 4 questions worth 2 marks each (8 total).

The 2024 paper contained 3 questions worth 11 marks in total (3+2+6=11).

The 2023 paper contained 6 questions worth 13 marks

The 2022 paper contained 5 questions worth 17 marks.

The 2021 paper contained 4 questions worth 13 marks.

== Section C Predictions == 


'''Predictions:'''


== Section D Mark distribution comparison ==
Mark distribution for this year:

* The 2027 paper 1 contains 4 questions: a 6 mark, a 7 mark, an 11 mark and a thirteen mark question.

These marks include the screen capture(s), so the marks for the coding will be 1-2 marks lower.

* The 2026 paper 1 contains 4 questions: a 5 mark, an 8 mark and two 12 mark questions.

* The 2025 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 5 mark, a 6 mark and two 14 mark questions.
* The 2024 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 5 mark, a 6 mark and two 14 mark questions.
* The 2023 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 5 mark, a 9 mark, a 10 mark and one 13 mark question.
* The 2022 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 5 mark, a 9 mark, a 11 mark and one 13 mark question.
* The 2021 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 6 mark, an 8 mark, a 9 mark and one 14 mark question.
* The 2020 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 6 mark, an 8 mark, a 11 mark and one 12 mark question.
* The 2019 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 5 mark, an 8 mark, a 9 mark and one 13 mark question.
* The 2018 paper 1 contained 5 questions: a 2 mark, a 5 mark, two 9 mark and one 12 mark question.
* The 2017 paper 1 contained 5 questions: a 5 mark, three 6 mark and one 12 mark question.

== Section D Predictions ==
=== '''Q1: Write code to utilize Bonus when a player clears a pile, or use TurnsSinceMatch to trigger a board reshuffle when players get stuck.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


=== '''Q2: Modify board creation or grid coordinate calculations to validate that board sizes loaded from external files form valid square dimensions.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Q3: Refactor Pile.GetSymbolOfTopTile() to return a fallback character (e.g., ' ' or '?') or throw a defensive guard check if the pile is empty.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Q4: Modify TilesCS.Main() so that when setting up a default game, the user is prompted to enter a custom target score (MaxScore) rather than using the hardcoded value of 10.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
GK - Coombe Wood School - South Croydon 
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
if (UseDataFromFile == false)
 {
     Players.Add(new Player(&quot;Player 1&quot;, 0));
     Players.Add(new Player(&quot;Player 2&quot;, 0));
     for (int Count = 1; Count &lt;= 36; Count++)
     {
         Pile P = new Pile(3, 0);
         P.Add(new Tile('A', 1));
         P.Add(new Tile('B', 2));
         P.Add(new Tile('A', 1));
         Board.Add(P);
     }
     //start change
     Console.WriteLine(&quot;Enter a target score&quot;);
     MaxScore = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
     //end change
 }


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

    if UseDataFromFile == False:
        Players.append(Player(&quot;Player 1&quot;, 0))
        Players.append(Player(&quot;Player 2&quot;, 0))

        for Count in range(1, 37):
            P = Pile(3, 0)
            P.Add(Tile(&quot;A&quot;, 1))
            P.Add(Tile(&quot;B&quot;, 2))
            P.Add(Tile(&quot;A&quot;, 1))
            Board.append(P)

        # -- Start Changes --
        MaxScoreInput=input(&quot;Enter a max score: &quot;)
        if type(MaxScoreInput)==int:
            MaxScore=MaxScoreInput
        else:
            print(&quot;Using default max score (10)&quot;)
        # -- End Changes --

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Q5: Update the DisplayScores() method in Game so that in addition to printing player scores, it prints which player is currently winning or states that the game is currently a tie.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
GK - Coombe Wood School - South Croydon 

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

private void DisplayScores()
{
    Console.WriteLine();
    foreach (Player P in Players)
    {
     Console.WriteLine($&quot;{P.GetName()}: has a score of {P.GetScore()}&quot;);
    }
    //start change
    if (Players[1].GetScore() &gt; Players[0].GetScore())
    {
        Console.WriteLine($&quot;{Players[1].GetName()} is winning&quot;);
    }
    else if (Players[1].GetScore() &lt; Players[0].GetScore())
    {
        Console.WriteLine($&quot;{Players[0].GetName()} is winning&quot;);
    }
    else if (Players[1].GetScore() == Players[0].GetScore())
    { 
       Console.WriteLine(&quot;The game is currently a tie.&quot;);
    }
        //end change
        
    Console.WriteLine();
}


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

def __DisplayScores(self):
        print()
        for P in self.__Players:
            print(f&quot;{P.GetName()}: has a score of {P.GetScore()}&quot;)
        print()
        # -- Start Changes --
        if self.__Players[0]._Score&gt;self.__Players[1]._Score:
            print(f&quot;{self.__Players[0].GetName} Is winning&quot;)

        elif self.__Players[0]._Score&lt;self.__Players[1]._Score:
            print(f&quot;{self.__Players[1].GetName} Is winning&quot;)

        else:
            print(&quot;Both players are tied&quot;)
        # -- End Changes -- 


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Q6: Add a method CountTotalTiles() to the Game class that counts and returns the total number of tiles remaining across all piles on the board. Display this total when the board is displayed ('B'). '''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
GK - Coombe Wood School - South Croydon 

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

//total number of tiles
//start change
private int CountTotalTiles()
{
    int total = 0;

    for (int i = 0; i &lt; Board.Count; i++)
    {
        total += Board[i].GetNumberOfTiles();
    }
    return total;
}
//end change

DisplayMenu();
Choice = GetChoice();
if (Choice == &quot;B&quot;)
{
    DisplayBoard();
    //start change
    Console.WriteLine($&quot;Total number of tiles {CountTotalTiles()}&quot;);
    //end change               
}


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Q7: Modify ChoosePile() in the Game class to validate that both user-entered X and Y coordinates fall within valid grid boundaries (1 \le x {GridSize} and 1 \le y \le{GridSize}) before calculating the index.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Q8: The Pile class contains an unused Bonus field. Add a method GetAndClearBonus() to Pile that returns the bonus value and resets it to 0. Update PlayGame() in Game so that when a matching pair is found, any bonus points from the two chosen piles are added to the player's score.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Q9: Extend the Player class to keep track of how many successful matching pairs each player has made during the game. Display this count in DisplayScores().'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
JO: Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
JO
// START CHANGE class Player
protected int SuccessMatches = 0;
public virtual void NumberOfSuccessfulMatches()
{
    SuccessMatches++;
}
public virtual int ReturnMatches()
{
    return SuccessMatches;
}
//END CHANGE
//START CHANGE DisplayScores
Console.WriteLine($&quot;{Players[0].GetName()} has {Players[0].ReturnMatches()} successful matches&quot;);
Console.WriteLine($&quot;{Players[1].GetName()} has {Players[1].ReturnMatches()} successful matches&quot;);
// END CHANGE


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

def PlayGame(self):
                    # Code Omitted
                    ScoreIncrease += Tile1.GetPoints() + Tile2.GetPoints()
                    self.__Players[self.__WhoseTurn].ChangeScore(ScoreIncrease)
                    # -- Start Changes : PlayGame --
                    self.__Players[self.__WhoseTurn].match()
                    # -- End Changes --

def __DisplayScores(self):
        print()
        for P in self.__Players:
            # -- Start Changes : __DisplayScores --
            print(f&quot;{P.GetName()}: has a score of {P.GetScore()} with {P.GetSuccessfulPairs()} Successful Pair(s)&quot;)
            # -- End Changes --
        print()

# -- Start Changes : Player --
    def GetSuccessfulPairs(self):
        return self._SuccessfulPairs

    def match(self):
        self._SuccessfulPairs+=1
# -- End Changes --
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Q10: Add a new menu option 'P' (&quot;Peek at Pile&quot;) to Game. When selected, prompt the user for coordinates and display all tile symbols contained within that specific pile from top to bottom without removing any tiles.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Q11: In Game.PlayGame(), if 5 consecutive turns occur without a single successful match (TurnsSinceMatch &gt;= 5), automatically discard the top tile of every non-empty pile on the board to refresh the grid state, and reset '''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
JB: Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
TurnsSinceMatch = 0.
// ANNOTATION: Player taking a turn selects two piles
int Pile1 = ChoosePile();
int Pile2;
do
{
    Pile2 = ChoosePile();
} while (Pile1 == Pile2); // Ensure they don't pick the exact same pile twice

TurnsSinceMatch++;
int resetGame = 0;
// ANNOTATION: Check if both chosen piles actually have tiles in them
if (Board[Pile1].Empty() == false &amp;&amp; Board[Pile2].Empty() == false)
{
    // ANNOTATION: Match Check! Compare the top tile symbols
    if (Board[Pile1].GetSymbolOfTopTile() == Board[Pile2].GetSymbolOfTopTile())
    {
        TurnsSinceMatch = 0; // Reset counter

        // Remove top tiles from the board
        Tile Tile1 = Board[Pile1].Remove();
        Tile Tile2 = Board[Pile2].Remove();

        // Add them to discard
        Discard.Add(Tile1);
        Discard.Add(Tile2);

        // Calculate score (sum of both tile point values)
        int ScoreIncrease = 0;
        ScoreIncrease += Tile1.GetPoints() + Tile2.GetPoints();
        Players[WhoseTurn].ChangeScore(ScoreIncrease);
        Console.WriteLine($&quot;{Players[WhoseTurn].GetName()}, you had two matching {Tile1.GetSymbol()} tiles; your score has increased by {ScoreIncrease}&quot;);
        resetGame = 0;
    }
    else
    {
        Console.WriteLine(&quot;You did not find a matching pair.&quot;);
        Console.WriteLine($&quot;The first pile you chose had a {Board[Pile1].GetSymbolOfTopTile()}&quot;);
        Console.WriteLine($&quot;The second pile you chose had a {Board[Pile2].GetSymbolOfTopTile()}&quot;);
        resetGame += 1;
        Console.WriteLine(resetGame);
        if (resetGame == 5)
        {
            TurnsSinceMatch = 0;
            for (int i = 0; i &lt; Board.Count - 1; i++)
            {
                Tile Tilei = Board[Pile1].Remove();
            }
        }
    }


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


=== '''Q12: Add a static method SaveGame(...) to TilesCS that saves the current state of the game (Board, Players, Discard, MaxScore, WhoseTurn, TurnsSinceMatch) to a text file using the exact structure expected by LoadGame().'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


=== '''Q13: Create a subclass SpecialTile inheriting from Tile. It includes a boolean attribute IsDoublePoints. Override GetPoints() so that if IsDoublePoints is true, the method returns twice the standard base points.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Q14: Create a subclass WildcardTile inheriting from Tile with symbol '*'. Modify PlayGame() in Game so that if either selected top tile is a WildcardTile ('*'), the selection automatically counts as a match with any other symbol'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
def PlayGame(self):
            # Code Omitted
            if self.__Board[Pile1].Empty() == False and self.__Board[Pile2].Empty() == False:
                # -- Start Changes --
                if self.__Board[Pile1].GetSymbolOfTopTile() == self.__Board[Pile2].GetSymbolOfTopTile() or self.__Board[Pile1].GetSymbolOfTopTile()==&quot;*&quot; or self.__Board[Pile2].GetSymbolOfTopTile()==&quot;*&quot;:
                    self.__TurnsSinceMatch = 0
                    Tile1 = self.__Board[Pile1].Remove()
                    Tile2 = self.__Board[Pile2].Remove()
                    self.__Discard.append(Tile1)
                    self.__Discard.append(Tile2)
                    ScoreIncrease = 0
                    if Tile1.GetSymbol()==&quot;*&quot;:
                        ScoreIncrease=Tile2.GetPoints*2
                    elif Tile2.GetSymbol()==&quot;*&quot;:
                        ScoreIncrease=Tile1.GetPoints*2
                    else:
                        ScoreIncrease += Tile1.GetPoints() + Tile2.GetPoints()
                    # -- End Changes --

# -- Start Changes --
class WildTile(Tile):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__(&quot;*&quot;,3)
# -- End Changes --

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


=== '''Q15: Create a derived class AIPlayer inheriting from Player. Add a method SelectPiles(List&lt;Pile&gt; Board) that scans the board for two non-empty piles sharing identical top tiles and returns their indices. If no match is visible, return the first two available non-empty pile indices.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Q16: Add an Undo feature to Game. If a player makes a successful match, store the removed tiles, pile indices, and score awarded. Add menu option 'U' to undo the last move, returning the tiles from Discard back into their respective piles and deducting the awarded score from the player.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Q17: Allow each player a maximum of 1 &quot;Peek&quot; ability per game. Add option 'V' to the menu. When used, the current player selects a pile and previews the symbol of the second tile down in that pile without removing it. Subtract 1 from their available peeks.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
JO: Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
 // start change in Player Class
    protected int PeekAbility = 1;
    public virtual bool Peek()
    {
        if (PeekAbility  == 1)
        {
            PeekAbility--;
            return true;
        }
        else
        {
            return false;
        }
    }
    // end change
   while (GameOver == false)
{
    string Choice = &quot;&quot;;
    while (Choice != &quot;T&quot;)
    {
        DisplayMenu();
        Choice = GetChoice();
        if (Choice == &quot;B&quot;)
        {
            DisplayBoard();
        }
        else if (Choice == &quot;D&quot;)
        {
            DisplayDiscard();
        }
        else if (Choice == &quot;S&quot;)
        {
            DisplayScores();
        }

        // start change
        else if (Choice == &quot;V&quot;)
        {
            DisplaySecondTile();
        }
        // end change
    }
            

   // start change in Class Game
    private void DisplaySecondTile()
    {
        if (Players[WhoseTurn].Peek() == true)
        {
            int PilePeek = ChoosePile();
            char TopTile = Board[PilePeek].GetSymbolOfTopTile();
            Board[PilePeek].Remove();
            Console.WriteLine(Board[PilePeek].GetSymbolOfTopTile());
            Board[PilePeek].Add(new Tile(TopTile, 0));
        }
        else
        {
            Console.WriteLine(&quot;Peek has already been used!&quot;);
        }
    }
    // end change
private void DisplayMenu()
{
    Console.WriteLine();
    Console.WriteLine();
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;MENU&quot;);
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;B. Display the board&quot;);
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;D. Display the discard&quot;);
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;T. Take turn&quot;);
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;S. Display scores&quot;);
    //start change
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;V. Peek at pile&quot;);
    //end change
    Console.WriteLine();
}


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Q18: Create a derived class TrapPile inheriting from Pile. If a matching pair of tiles is removed where either selected pile is a TrapPile, convert the score gain into a penalty (subtract points instead of adding).'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Q19:Modify Game to support non-square grids (e.g., Width \times Height = 20 piles total). Replace GridSize with GridWidth and GridHeight. Update GetIndex(x, y) and DisplayBoard() accordingly.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Q20: Create a MoveLog class to track turn events. Record player name, chosen pile coordinates, matched symbols, and points earned. Add menu option 'H' to print a structured text table summarizing all completed turns in the current game session.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
== Section D: Issues with the Code and Fixes : ==

=== '''Issue 1: When entering a choice, the way the program detects what choice the player has inputted is case sensitive. Entering ‘b’ rather than ‘B’ will prompt the user to enter their choice again.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
// Start change
Choice = Console.ReadLine().ToUpper();
// end change

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
# Start change
Choice = input(f&quot;{self.__Players[self.__WhoseTurn].GetName()}, enter your choice: &quot;).upper()
# End change

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


=== '''Issue 2: The program allows the user to enter x and y coordinates out of the 1-6 range'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
// Start change
while (x&gt;6 || x&lt;1 || y&gt;6 || y&lt;1)
{
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;Please enter within the range of 1-6&quot;);
    Console.Write(&quot;Enter x coordinate: &quot;);
    x = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
    Console.Write(&quot;Enter y coordinate: &quot;);
    y = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());

}
return GetIndex(x, y);
// end change


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
    def __ChoosePile(self):
        x = 0
        y = 0
        # -- Start Changes --
        while x&lt;1 or x&gt;6 or y&lt;1 or y&gt;6:
            print()
            print(&quot;For each coordinate enter a number between 1 and 6&quot;)
            x = int(input(&quot;Enter x coordinate: &quot;))
            y = int(input(&quot;Enter y coordinate: &quot;))
            print()
            # -- End Changes --
        return self.__GetIndex(x, y)

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Issue 3: If player 1 and player 2 get the same score, the game ends and a tie isn't declared.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
// Start change
else if (Players[1].GetScore() == Players[0].GetScore())
{
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;The game is a tie.&quot;);
}
// end change


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
def PlayGame(self):
        #Code Omitted
        if self.__Players[0].GetScore() &gt; self.__Players[1].GetScore():
            print(f&quot;{self.__Players[0].GetName()} has won!&quot;)
        elif self.__Players[1].GetScore() &gt; self.__Players[0].GetScore():
            print(f&quot;{self.__Players[1].GetName()} has won!&quot;)
        # -- Start Changes --
        else:
            print(&quot;The game ends in a tie.&quot;)
        # -- End Changes --
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Issue 4: The program doesn’t display any error messages to the user when they choose the same pile.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
int Pile1 = ChoosePile();
// START CHANGE
int Pile2 = ChoosePile();
while (Pile1 == Pile2)
{
     Console.WriteLine(&quot;Please input a different tile&quot;);
     Pile2 = ChoosePile();
}
// END CHANGE


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
def PlayGame(self):
            #Code Omitted
            Pile1 = self.__ChoosePile()
            Pile2 = self.__ChoosePile()
            while Pile1 == Pile2:
                # -- Start Changes --
                print(&quot;Pile 2 must be different to Pile 1&quot;)
                # -- End Changes
                Pile2 = self.__ChoosePile()
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Issue 5: If a letter which is not on the display menu is entered, there is no error message or a message to prompt the user to enter a valid letter'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
while (Choice.ToUpper() != &quot;T&quot;)
{
    DisplayMenu();
    Choice = GetChoice();
    if (Choice.ToUpper() == &quot;B&quot;)
    {
        DisplayBoard();
    }
    else if (Choice.ToUpper() == &quot;D&quot;)
    {
        DisplayDiscard();
    }
    else if (Choice.ToUpper() == &quot;S&quot;)
    {
        DisplayScores();
    }
    // CHANGE
    else if (Choice.ToUpper() != &quot;T&quot;)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(&quot;That is not a valid menu option.&quot;);
    }
    // END CHANGE
}


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

    def PlayGame(self):
        while self.__GameOver == False:
            Choice = &quot;&quot;
            while Choice != &quot;T&quot;:
                self.__DisplayMenu()
                Choice = self.__GetChoice()
                if Choice == &quot;B&quot;:
                    self.__DisplayBoard()
                elif Choice == &quot;D&quot;:
                    self.__DisplayDiscard()
                elif Choice == &quot;S&quot;:
                    self.__DisplayScores()
                # -- Start Changes -- 
                elif Choice != &quot;T&quot;:
                    print(&quot;Please enter a valid option&quot;)
                # -- End Changes --

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


=== '''Issue 6: Before the tiles are matched, the code should check if the pile is empty or the players turn is wasted'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
  int Pile1 = ChoosePile();
            // START Change
            while (Board[Pile1].Empty() == true)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(&quot;Empty tile&quot;);
                Pile1 = ChoosePile();
            }
            int Pile2 = ChoosePile();
            while (Board[Pile2].Empty() == true)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(&quot;Empty Tile&quot;);
                Pile2 = ChoosePile();
            }
            // end change


else
{
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;You chose an empty pile&quot;);
    //player is given another turn if pile is empty
    //start change
    PlayGame();
    //end change
}


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
def PlayGame(self):
            #Code Omitted
            Pile1 = self.__ChoosePile()
            # -- Start Changes --
            while Pile1.Empty():
                print(&quot;Please pick a pile that isn't empty&quot;)
                Pile1=self.__ChoosePile
            Pile2 = self.__ChoosePile()
            while Pile2.Empty():
                print(&quot;Please pick a pile that isn't empty&quot;)
                Pile2=self.__ChoosePile()
            # -- End Changes --
            while Pile1 == Pile2:
                Pile2 = self.__ChoosePile()
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Issue 7: When invalid input is entered code crashes'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

int x = 0, y = 0;
// CHANGE
try
{
    Console.Write(&quot;Enter x coordinate: &quot;);
    x = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
    Console.Write(&quot;Enter y coordinate: &quot;);
    y = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
    return GetIndex(x, y);
} catch (Exception)
{
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;Invalid input&quot;);
    ChoosePile();
}
// END CHANGE


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Issue 8: When the game finishes, it does not display the scores of both users'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
//start change
if (Players[0].GetScore() &gt; Players[1].GetScore())
{
    Console.WriteLine($&quot;{Players[0].GetName()} has won! Score:&quot; + Players[0].GetScore());
}
else if (Players[1].GetScore() &gt; Players[0].GetScore())
{
    Console.WriteLine($&quot;{Players[1].GetName()} has won! Score:&quot; + Players[1].GetScore());
}
//end change


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
def PlayGame(self):
        #Code Omitted
        if self.__Players[0].GetScore() &gt; self.__Players[1].GetScore():
            print(f&quot;{self.__Players[0].GetName()} has won!&quot;)
            # -- Start Changes --
            self.__DisplayScores()
            # -- End Changes --
        elif self.__Players[1].GetScore() &gt; self.__Players[0].GetScore():
            print(f&quot;{self.__Players[1].GetName()} has won!&quot;)
            # -- Start Changes --
            self.__DisplayScores()
            # -- End Changes --
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


=== '''Issue 9: The x coordinates can go above the boundary of 1-6'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
// CHANGE
try
{
    do
    {
        Console.Write(&quot;Enter x coordinate: &quot;);
        x = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());

        if (x &gt; GridSize || x &lt; 1)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(&quot;Out of bounds. Enter a value within the range of the grid.&quot;);
        }

    } while (x &gt; GridSize || x &lt; 1);

    do
    {
        Console.Write(&quot;Enter y coordinate: &quot;);
        y = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());

        if (y &gt; GridSize || y &lt; 1)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(&quot;Out of bounds. Enter a value within the range of the grid.&quot;);
        }

        return GetIndex(x, y);

    } while (y &gt; GridSize || y &lt; 1);
}
catch (Exception)
{
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;Invalid input&quot;);
    ChoosePile();
}
return 0;
// END CHANGE


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}</text>
      <sha1>o803b715hkrzxk531etp2otbfng18he</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4680123</id>
      <parentid>4680122</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-05T07:40:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mr Goff OPGS</username>
        <id>3630478</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Issue 2: The program allows the user to enter x and y coordinates out of the 1-6 range */</comment>
      <origin>4680123</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="29773" sha1="g5aefx34vfxhfp6uub3zgg6m1ayb60o" xml:space="preserve">{{soft redirect|v:en:A-level Computer Science AQA Paper 1 Skeleton program 2027}}

== Section C Mark distribution comparison ==
Mark distribution for this year:

The 2027 paper 1 will contain 4 questions worth 2, 3, 6, and 2 marks (13 total) 

The 2026 paper 1 contained 5 questions worth 3, 2, 5, 2 and 1 mark(s) (13 total).

The 2025 paper contained 4 questions worth 2 marks each (8 total).

The 2024 paper contained 3 questions worth 11 marks in total (3+2+6=11).

The 2023 paper contained 6 questions worth 13 marks

The 2022 paper contained 5 questions worth 17 marks.

The 2021 paper contained 4 questions worth 13 marks.

== Section C Predictions == 


'''Predictions:'''


== Section D Mark distribution comparison ==
Mark distribution for this year:

* The 2027 paper 1 contains 4 questions: a 6 mark, a 7 mark, an 11 mark and a thirteen mark question.

These marks include the screen capture(s), so the marks for the coding will be 1-2 marks lower.

* The 2026 paper 1 contains 4 questions: a 5 mark, an 8 mark and two 12 mark questions.

* The 2025 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 5 mark, a 6 mark and two 14 mark questions.
* The 2024 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 5 mark, a 6 mark and two 14 mark questions.
* The 2023 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 5 mark, a 9 mark, a 10 mark and one 13 mark question.
* The 2022 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 5 mark, a 9 mark, a 11 mark and one 13 mark question.
* The 2021 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 6 mark, an 8 mark, a 9 mark and one 14 mark question.
* The 2020 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 6 mark, an 8 mark, a 11 mark and one 12 mark question.
* The 2019 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 5 mark, an 8 mark, a 9 mark and one 13 mark question.
* The 2018 paper 1 contained 5 questions: a 2 mark, a 5 mark, two 9 mark and one 12 mark question.
* The 2017 paper 1 contained 5 questions: a 5 mark, three 6 mark and one 12 mark question.

== Section D Predictions ==
=== '''Q1: Write code to utilize Bonus when a player clears a pile, or use TurnsSinceMatch to trigger a board reshuffle when players get stuck.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
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&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
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=== '''Q2: Modify board creation or grid coordinate calculations to validate that board sizes loaded from external files form valid square dimensions.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
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&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Q3: Refactor Pile.GetSymbolOfTopTile() to return a fallback character (e.g., ' ' or '?') or throw a defensive guard check if the pile is empty.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Q4: Modify TilesCS.Main() so that when setting up a default game, the user is prompted to enter a custom target score (MaxScore) rather than using the hardcoded value of 10.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
GK - Coombe Wood School - South Croydon 
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
if (UseDataFromFile == false)
 {
     Players.Add(new Player(&quot;Player 1&quot;, 0));
     Players.Add(new Player(&quot;Player 2&quot;, 0));
     for (int Count = 1; Count &lt;= 36; Count++)
     {
         Pile P = new Pile(3, 0);
         P.Add(new Tile('A', 1));
         P.Add(new Tile('B', 2));
         P.Add(new Tile('A', 1));
         Board.Add(P);
     }
     //start change
     Console.WriteLine(&quot;Enter a target score&quot;);
     MaxScore = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
     //end change
 }


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

    if UseDataFromFile == False:
        Players.append(Player(&quot;Player 1&quot;, 0))
        Players.append(Player(&quot;Player 2&quot;, 0))

        for Count in range(1, 37):
            P = Pile(3, 0)
            P.Add(Tile(&quot;A&quot;, 1))
            P.Add(Tile(&quot;B&quot;, 2))
            P.Add(Tile(&quot;A&quot;, 1))
            Board.append(P)

        # -- Start Changes --
        MaxScoreInput=input(&quot;Enter a max score: &quot;)
        if type(MaxScoreInput)==int:
            MaxScore=MaxScoreInput
        else:
            print(&quot;Using default max score (10)&quot;)
        # -- End Changes --

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Q5: Update the DisplayScores() method in Game so that in addition to printing player scores, it prints which player is currently winning or states that the game is currently a tie.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
GK - Coombe Wood School - South Croydon 

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

private void DisplayScores()
{
    Console.WriteLine();
    foreach (Player P in Players)
    {
     Console.WriteLine($&quot;{P.GetName()}: has a score of {P.GetScore()}&quot;);
    }
    //start change
    if (Players[1].GetScore() &gt; Players[0].GetScore())
    {
        Console.WriteLine($&quot;{Players[1].GetName()} is winning&quot;);
    }
    else if (Players[1].GetScore() &lt; Players[0].GetScore())
    {
        Console.WriteLine($&quot;{Players[0].GetName()} is winning&quot;);
    }
    else if (Players[1].GetScore() == Players[0].GetScore())
    { 
       Console.WriteLine(&quot;The game is currently a tie.&quot;);
    }
        //end change
        
    Console.WriteLine();
}


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

def __DisplayScores(self):
        print()
        for P in self.__Players:
            print(f&quot;{P.GetName()}: has a score of {P.GetScore()}&quot;)
        print()
        # -- Start Changes --
        if self.__Players[0]._Score&gt;self.__Players[1]._Score:
            print(f&quot;{self.__Players[0].GetName} Is winning&quot;)

        elif self.__Players[0]._Score&lt;self.__Players[1]._Score:
            print(f&quot;{self.__Players[1].GetName} Is winning&quot;)

        else:
            print(&quot;Both players are tied&quot;)
        # -- End Changes -- 


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Q6: Add a method CountTotalTiles() to the Game class that counts and returns the total number of tiles remaining across all piles on the board. Display this total when the board is displayed ('B'). '''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
GK - Coombe Wood School - South Croydon 

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

//total number of tiles
//start change
private int CountTotalTiles()
{
    int total = 0;

    for (int i = 0; i &lt; Board.Count; i++)
    {
        total += Board[i].GetNumberOfTiles();
    }
    return total;
}
//end change

DisplayMenu();
Choice = GetChoice();
if (Choice == &quot;B&quot;)
{
    DisplayBoard();
    //start change
    Console.WriteLine($&quot;Total number of tiles {CountTotalTiles()}&quot;);
    //end change               
}


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Q7: Modify ChoosePile() in the Game class to validate that both user-entered X and Y coordinates fall within valid grid boundaries (1 \le x {GridSize} and 1 \le y \le{GridSize}) before calculating the index.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
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&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Q8: The Pile class contains an unused Bonus field. Add a method GetAndClearBonus() to Pile that returns the bonus value and resets it to 0. Update PlayGame() in Game so that when a matching pair is found, any bonus points from the two chosen piles are added to the player's score.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Q9: Extend the Player class to keep track of how many successful matching pairs each player has made during the game. Display this count in DisplayScores().'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
JO: Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
JO
// START CHANGE class Player
protected int SuccessMatches = 0;
public virtual void NumberOfSuccessfulMatches()
{
    SuccessMatches++;
}
public virtual int ReturnMatches()
{
    return SuccessMatches;
}
//END CHANGE
//START CHANGE DisplayScores
Console.WriteLine($&quot;{Players[0].GetName()} has {Players[0].ReturnMatches()} successful matches&quot;);
Console.WriteLine($&quot;{Players[1].GetName()} has {Players[1].ReturnMatches()} successful matches&quot;);
// END CHANGE


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

def PlayGame(self):
                    # Code Omitted
                    ScoreIncrease += Tile1.GetPoints() + Tile2.GetPoints()
                    self.__Players[self.__WhoseTurn].ChangeScore(ScoreIncrease)
                    # -- Start Changes : PlayGame --
                    self.__Players[self.__WhoseTurn].match()
                    # -- End Changes --

def __DisplayScores(self):
        print()
        for P in self.__Players:
            # -- Start Changes : __DisplayScores --
            print(f&quot;{P.GetName()}: has a score of {P.GetScore()} with {P.GetSuccessfulPairs()} Successful Pair(s)&quot;)
            # -- End Changes --
        print()

# -- Start Changes : Player --
    def GetSuccessfulPairs(self):
        return self._SuccessfulPairs

    def match(self):
        self._SuccessfulPairs+=1
# -- End Changes --
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Q10: Add a new menu option 'P' (&quot;Peek at Pile&quot;) to Game. When selected, prompt the user for coordinates and display all tile symbols contained within that specific pile from top to bottom without removing any tiles.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Q11: In Game.PlayGame(), if 5 consecutive turns occur without a single successful match (TurnsSinceMatch &gt;= 5), automatically discard the top tile of every non-empty pile on the board to refresh the grid state, and reset '''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
JB: Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
TurnsSinceMatch = 0.
// ANNOTATION: Player taking a turn selects two piles
int Pile1 = ChoosePile();
int Pile2;
do
{
    Pile2 = ChoosePile();
} while (Pile1 == Pile2); // Ensure they don't pick the exact same pile twice

TurnsSinceMatch++;
int resetGame = 0;
// ANNOTATION: Check if both chosen piles actually have tiles in them
if (Board[Pile1].Empty() == false &amp;&amp; Board[Pile2].Empty() == false)
{
    // ANNOTATION: Match Check! Compare the top tile symbols
    if (Board[Pile1].GetSymbolOfTopTile() == Board[Pile2].GetSymbolOfTopTile())
    {
        TurnsSinceMatch = 0; // Reset counter

        // Remove top tiles from the board
        Tile Tile1 = Board[Pile1].Remove();
        Tile Tile2 = Board[Pile2].Remove();

        // Add them to discard
        Discard.Add(Tile1);
        Discard.Add(Tile2);

        // Calculate score (sum of both tile point values)
        int ScoreIncrease = 0;
        ScoreIncrease += Tile1.GetPoints() + Tile2.GetPoints();
        Players[WhoseTurn].ChangeScore(ScoreIncrease);
        Console.WriteLine($&quot;{Players[WhoseTurn].GetName()}, you had two matching {Tile1.GetSymbol()} tiles; your score has increased by {ScoreIncrease}&quot;);
        resetGame = 0;
    }
    else
    {
        Console.WriteLine(&quot;You did not find a matching pair.&quot;);
        Console.WriteLine($&quot;The first pile you chose had a {Board[Pile1].GetSymbolOfTopTile()}&quot;);
        Console.WriteLine($&quot;The second pile you chose had a {Board[Pile2].GetSymbolOfTopTile()}&quot;);
        resetGame += 1;
        Console.WriteLine(resetGame);
        if (resetGame == 5)
        {
            TurnsSinceMatch = 0;
            for (int i = 0; i &lt; Board.Count - 1; i++)
            {
                Tile Tilei = Board[Pile1].Remove();
            }
        }
    }


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


=== '''Q12: Add a static method SaveGame(...) to TilesCS that saves the current state of the game (Board, Players, Discard, MaxScore, WhoseTurn, TurnsSinceMatch) to a text file using the exact structure expected by LoadGame().'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
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&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


=== '''Q13: Create a subclass SpecialTile inheriting from Tile. It includes a boolean attribute IsDoublePoints. Override GetPoints() so that if IsDoublePoints is true, the method returns twice the standard base points.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
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&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Q14: Create a subclass WildcardTile inheriting from Tile with symbol '*'. Modify PlayGame() in Game so that if either selected top tile is a WildcardTile ('*'), the selection automatically counts as a match with any other symbol'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
def PlayGame(self):
            # Code Omitted
            if self.__Board[Pile1].Empty() == False and self.__Board[Pile2].Empty() == False:
                # -- Start Changes --
                if self.__Board[Pile1].GetSymbolOfTopTile() == self.__Board[Pile2].GetSymbolOfTopTile() or self.__Board[Pile1].GetSymbolOfTopTile()==&quot;*&quot; or self.__Board[Pile2].GetSymbolOfTopTile()==&quot;*&quot;:
                    self.__TurnsSinceMatch = 0
                    Tile1 = self.__Board[Pile1].Remove()
                    Tile2 = self.__Board[Pile2].Remove()
                    self.__Discard.append(Tile1)
                    self.__Discard.append(Tile2)
                    ScoreIncrease = 0
                    if Tile1.GetSymbol()==&quot;*&quot;:
                        ScoreIncrease=Tile2.GetPoints*2
                    elif Tile2.GetSymbol()==&quot;*&quot;:
                        ScoreIncrease=Tile1.GetPoints*2
                    else:
                        ScoreIncrease += Tile1.GetPoints() + Tile2.GetPoints()
                    # -- End Changes --

# -- Start Changes --
class WildTile(Tile):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__(&quot;*&quot;,3)
# -- End Changes --

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


=== '''Q15: Create a derived class AIPlayer inheriting from Player. Add a method SelectPiles(List&lt;Pile&gt; Board) that scans the board for two non-empty piles sharing identical top tiles and returns their indices. If no match is visible, return the first two available non-empty pile indices.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
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&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Q16: Add an Undo feature to Game. If a player makes a successful match, store the removed tiles, pile indices, and score awarded. Add menu option 'U' to undo the last move, returning the tiles from Discard back into their respective piles and deducting the awarded score from the player.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
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&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Q17: Allow each player a maximum of 1 &quot;Peek&quot; ability per game. Add option 'V' to the menu. When used, the current player selects a pile and previews the symbol of the second tile down in that pile without removing it. Subtract 1 from their available peeks.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
JO: Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
 // start change in Player Class
    protected int PeekAbility = 1;
    public virtual bool Peek()
    {
        if (PeekAbility  == 1)
        {
            PeekAbility--;
            return true;
        }
        else
        {
            return false;
        }
    }
    // end change
   while (GameOver == false)
{
    string Choice = &quot;&quot;;
    while (Choice != &quot;T&quot;)
    {
        DisplayMenu();
        Choice = GetChoice();
        if (Choice == &quot;B&quot;)
        {
            DisplayBoard();
        }
        else if (Choice == &quot;D&quot;)
        {
            DisplayDiscard();
        }
        else if (Choice == &quot;S&quot;)
        {
            DisplayScores();
        }

        // start change
        else if (Choice == &quot;V&quot;)
        {
            DisplaySecondTile();
        }
        // end change
    }
            

   // start change in Class Game
    private void DisplaySecondTile()
    {
        if (Players[WhoseTurn].Peek() == true)
        {
            int PilePeek = ChoosePile();
            char TopTile = Board[PilePeek].GetSymbolOfTopTile();
            Board[PilePeek].Remove();
            Console.WriteLine(Board[PilePeek].GetSymbolOfTopTile());
            Board[PilePeek].Add(new Tile(TopTile, 0));
        }
        else
        {
            Console.WriteLine(&quot;Peek has already been used!&quot;);
        }
    }
    // end change
private void DisplayMenu()
{
    Console.WriteLine();
    Console.WriteLine();
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;MENU&quot;);
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;B. Display the board&quot;);
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;D. Display the discard&quot;);
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;T. Take turn&quot;);
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;S. Display scores&quot;);
    //start change
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;V. Peek at pile&quot;);
    //end change
    Console.WriteLine();
}


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Q18: Create a derived class TrapPile inheriting from Pile. If a matching pair of tiles is removed where either selected pile is a TrapPile, convert the score gain into a penalty (subtract points instead of adding).'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Q19:Modify Game to support non-square grids (e.g., Width \times Height = 20 piles total). Replace GridSize with GridWidth and GridHeight. Update GetIndex(x, y) and DisplayBoard() accordingly.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Q20: Create a MoveLog class to track turn events. Record player name, chosen pile coordinates, matched symbols, and points earned. Add menu option 'H' to print a structured text table summarizing all completed turns in the current game session.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
== Section D: Issues with the Code and Fixes : ==

=== '''Issue 1: When entering a choice, the way the program detects what choice the player has inputted is case sensitive. Entering ‘b’ rather than ‘B’ will prompt the user to enter their choice again.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
// Start change
Choice = Console.ReadLine().ToUpper();
// end change

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
# Start change
Choice = input(f&quot;{self.__Players[self.__WhoseTurn].GetName()}, enter your choice: &quot;).upper()
# End change

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


=== '''Issue 2: The program allows the user to enter x and y coordinates out of the 1-6 range'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
// Start change
while (x&gt;6 || x&lt;1 || y&gt;6 || y&lt;1)
{
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;Please enter within the range of 1-6&quot;);
    Console.Write(&quot;Enter x coordinate: &quot;);
    x = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
    Console.Write(&quot;Enter y coordinate: &quot;);
    y = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());

}
return GetIndex(x, y);
// end change


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire Edited: OPGS - Kent
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
    def __ChoosePile(self):
        x = 0
        y = 0
        # -- Start Changes --
        while x&lt;1 or x&gt;self.__GridSize or y&lt;1 or y&gt;self.__GridSize:
            print()
            print(f&quot;For each coordinate enter a number between 1 and {self.__GridSize}&quot;)
            x = int(input(&quot;Enter x coordinate: &quot;))
            y = int(input(&quot;Enter y coordinate: &quot;))
            print()
            # -- End Changes --
        return self.__GetIndex(x, y)

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Issue 3: If player 1 and player 2 get the same score, the game ends and a tie isn't declared.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
// Start change
else if (Players[1].GetScore() == Players[0].GetScore())
{
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;The game is a tie.&quot;);
}
// end change


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
def PlayGame(self):
        #Code Omitted
        if self.__Players[0].GetScore() &gt; self.__Players[1].GetScore():
            print(f&quot;{self.__Players[0].GetName()} has won!&quot;)
        elif self.__Players[1].GetScore() &gt; self.__Players[0].GetScore():
            print(f&quot;{self.__Players[1].GetName()} has won!&quot;)
        # -- Start Changes --
        else:
            print(&quot;The game ends in a tie.&quot;)
        # -- End Changes --
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Issue 4: The program doesn’t display any error messages to the user when they choose the same pile.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
int Pile1 = ChoosePile();
// START CHANGE
int Pile2 = ChoosePile();
while (Pile1 == Pile2)
{
     Console.WriteLine(&quot;Please input a different tile&quot;);
     Pile2 = ChoosePile();
}
// END CHANGE


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
def PlayGame(self):
            #Code Omitted
            Pile1 = self.__ChoosePile()
            Pile2 = self.__ChoosePile()
            while Pile1 == Pile2:
                # -- Start Changes --
                print(&quot;Pile 2 must be different to Pile 1&quot;)
                # -- End Changes
                Pile2 = self.__ChoosePile()
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Issue 5: If a letter which is not on the display menu is entered, there is no error message or a message to prompt the user to enter a valid letter'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
while (Choice.ToUpper() != &quot;T&quot;)
{
    DisplayMenu();
    Choice = GetChoice();
    if (Choice.ToUpper() == &quot;B&quot;)
    {
        DisplayBoard();
    }
    else if (Choice.ToUpper() == &quot;D&quot;)
    {
        DisplayDiscard();
    }
    else if (Choice.ToUpper() == &quot;S&quot;)
    {
        DisplayScores();
    }
    // CHANGE
    else if (Choice.ToUpper() != &quot;T&quot;)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(&quot;That is not a valid menu option.&quot;);
    }
    // END CHANGE
}


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

    def PlayGame(self):
        while self.__GameOver == False:
            Choice = &quot;&quot;
            while Choice != &quot;T&quot;:
                self.__DisplayMenu()
                Choice = self.__GetChoice()
                if Choice == &quot;B&quot;:
                    self.__DisplayBoard()
                elif Choice == &quot;D&quot;:
                    self.__DisplayDiscard()
                elif Choice == &quot;S&quot;:
                    self.__DisplayScores()
                # -- Start Changes -- 
                elif Choice != &quot;T&quot;:
                    print(&quot;Please enter a valid option&quot;)
                # -- End Changes --

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


=== '''Issue 6: Before the tiles are matched, the code should check if the pile is empty or the players turn is wasted'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
  int Pile1 = ChoosePile();
            // START Change
            while (Board[Pile1].Empty() == true)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(&quot;Empty tile&quot;);
                Pile1 = ChoosePile();
            }
            int Pile2 = ChoosePile();
            while (Board[Pile2].Empty() == true)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(&quot;Empty Tile&quot;);
                Pile2 = ChoosePile();
            }
            // end change


else
{
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;You chose an empty pile&quot;);
    //player is given another turn if pile is empty
    //start change
    PlayGame();
    //end change
}


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
def PlayGame(self):
            #Code Omitted
            Pile1 = self.__ChoosePile()
            # -- Start Changes --
            while Pile1.Empty():
                print(&quot;Please pick a pile that isn't empty&quot;)
                Pile1=self.__ChoosePile
            Pile2 = self.__ChoosePile()
            while Pile2.Empty():
                print(&quot;Please pick a pile that isn't empty&quot;)
                Pile2=self.__ChoosePile()
            # -- End Changes --
            while Pile1 == Pile2:
                Pile2 = self.__ChoosePile()
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Issue 7: When invalid input is entered code crashes'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

int x = 0, y = 0;
// CHANGE
try
{
    Console.Write(&quot;Enter x coordinate: &quot;);
    x = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
    Console.Write(&quot;Enter y coordinate: &quot;);
    y = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
    return GetIndex(x, y);
} catch (Exception)
{
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;Invalid input&quot;);
    ChoosePile();
}
// END CHANGE


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Issue 8: When the game finishes, it does not display the scores of both users'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
//start change
if (Players[0].GetScore() &gt; Players[1].GetScore())
{
    Console.WriteLine($&quot;{Players[0].GetName()} has won! Score:&quot; + Players[0].GetScore());
}
else if (Players[1].GetScore() &gt; Players[0].GetScore())
{
    Console.WriteLine($&quot;{Players[1].GetName()} has won! Score:&quot; + Players[1].GetScore());
}
//end change


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
def PlayGame(self):
        #Code Omitted
        if self.__Players[0].GetScore() &gt; self.__Players[1].GetScore():
            print(f&quot;{self.__Players[0].GetName()} has won!&quot;)
            # -- Start Changes --
            self.__DisplayScores()
            # -- End Changes --
        elif self.__Players[1].GetScore() &gt; self.__Players[0].GetScore():
            print(f&quot;{self.__Players[1].GetName()} has won!&quot;)
            # -- Start Changes --
            self.__DisplayScores()
            # -- End Changes --
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


=== '''Issue 9: The x coordinates can go above the boundary of 1-6'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
// CHANGE
try
{
    do
    {
        Console.Write(&quot;Enter x coordinate: &quot;);
        x = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());

        if (x &gt; GridSize || x &lt; 1)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(&quot;Out of bounds. Enter a value within the range of the grid.&quot;);
        }

    } while (x &gt; GridSize || x &lt; 1);

    do
    {
        Console.Write(&quot;Enter y coordinate: &quot;);
        y = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());

        if (y &gt; GridSize || y &lt; 1)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(&quot;Out of bounds. Enter a value within the range of the grid.&quot;);
        }

        return GetIndex(x, y);

    } while (y &gt; GridSize || y &lt; 1);
}
catch (Exception)
{
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;Invalid input&quot;);
    ChoosePile();
}
return 0;
// END CHANGE


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}</text>
      <sha1>g5aefx34vfxhfp6uub3zgg6m1ayb60o</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4680124</id>
      <parentid>4680123</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-05T07:45:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mr Goff OPGS</username>
        <id>3630478</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Issue 3: If player 1 and player 2 get the same score, the game ends and a tie isn't declared. */</comment>
      <origin>4680124</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="30028" sha1="jhokjbzxr7h6g63vr570vzf3vdf1x79" xml:space="preserve">{{soft redirect|v:en:A-level Computer Science AQA Paper 1 Skeleton program 2027}}

== Section C Mark distribution comparison ==
Mark distribution for this year:

The 2027 paper 1 will contain 4 questions worth 2, 3, 6, and 2 marks (13 total) 

The 2026 paper 1 contained 5 questions worth 3, 2, 5, 2 and 1 mark(s) (13 total).

The 2025 paper contained 4 questions worth 2 marks each (8 total).

The 2024 paper contained 3 questions worth 11 marks in total (3+2+6=11).

The 2023 paper contained 6 questions worth 13 marks

The 2022 paper contained 5 questions worth 17 marks.

The 2021 paper contained 4 questions worth 13 marks.

== Section C Predictions == 


'''Predictions:'''


== Section D Mark distribution comparison ==
Mark distribution for this year:

* The 2027 paper 1 contains 4 questions: a 6 mark, a 7 mark, an 11 mark and a thirteen mark question.

These marks include the screen capture(s), so the marks for the coding will be 1-2 marks lower.

* The 2026 paper 1 contains 4 questions: a 5 mark, an 8 mark and two 12 mark questions.

* The 2025 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 5 mark, a 6 mark and two 14 mark questions.
* The 2024 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 5 mark, a 6 mark and two 14 mark questions.
* The 2023 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 5 mark, a 9 mark, a 10 mark and one 13 mark question.
* The 2022 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 5 mark, a 9 mark, a 11 mark and one 13 mark question.
* The 2021 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 6 mark, an 8 mark, a 9 mark and one 14 mark question.
* The 2020 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 6 mark, an 8 mark, a 11 mark and one 12 mark question.
* The 2019 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 5 mark, an 8 mark, a 9 mark and one 13 mark question.
* The 2018 paper 1 contained 5 questions: a 2 mark, a 5 mark, two 9 mark and one 12 mark question.
* The 2017 paper 1 contained 5 questions: a 5 mark, three 6 mark and one 12 mark question.

== Section D Predictions ==
=== '''Q1: Write code to utilize Bonus when a player clears a pile, or use TurnsSinceMatch to trigger a board reshuffle when players get stuck.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


=== '''Q2: Modify board creation or grid coordinate calculations to validate that board sizes loaded from external files form valid square dimensions.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Q3: Refactor Pile.GetSymbolOfTopTile() to return a fallback character (e.g., ' ' or '?') or throw a defensive guard check if the pile is empty.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Q4: Modify TilesCS.Main() so that when setting up a default game, the user is prompted to enter a custom target score (MaxScore) rather than using the hardcoded value of 10.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
GK - Coombe Wood School - South Croydon 
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
if (UseDataFromFile == false)
 {
     Players.Add(new Player(&quot;Player 1&quot;, 0));
     Players.Add(new Player(&quot;Player 2&quot;, 0));
     for (int Count = 1; Count &lt;= 36; Count++)
     {
         Pile P = new Pile(3, 0);
         P.Add(new Tile('A', 1));
         P.Add(new Tile('B', 2));
         P.Add(new Tile('A', 1));
         Board.Add(P);
     }
     //start change
     Console.WriteLine(&quot;Enter a target score&quot;);
     MaxScore = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
     //end change
 }


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

    if UseDataFromFile == False:
        Players.append(Player(&quot;Player 1&quot;, 0))
        Players.append(Player(&quot;Player 2&quot;, 0))

        for Count in range(1, 37):
            P = Pile(3, 0)
            P.Add(Tile(&quot;A&quot;, 1))
            P.Add(Tile(&quot;B&quot;, 2))
            P.Add(Tile(&quot;A&quot;, 1))
            Board.append(P)

        # -- Start Changes --
        MaxScoreInput=input(&quot;Enter a max score: &quot;)
        if type(MaxScoreInput)==int:
            MaxScore=MaxScoreInput
        else:
            print(&quot;Using default max score (10)&quot;)
        # -- End Changes --

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Q5: Update the DisplayScores() method in Game so that in addition to printing player scores, it prints which player is currently winning or states that the game is currently a tie.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
GK - Coombe Wood School - South Croydon 

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

private void DisplayScores()
{
    Console.WriteLine();
    foreach (Player P in Players)
    {
     Console.WriteLine($&quot;{P.GetName()}: has a score of {P.GetScore()}&quot;);
    }
    //start change
    if (Players[1].GetScore() &gt; Players[0].GetScore())
    {
        Console.WriteLine($&quot;{Players[1].GetName()} is winning&quot;);
    }
    else if (Players[1].GetScore() &lt; Players[0].GetScore())
    {
        Console.WriteLine($&quot;{Players[0].GetName()} is winning&quot;);
    }
    else if (Players[1].GetScore() == Players[0].GetScore())
    { 
       Console.WriteLine(&quot;The game is currently a tie.&quot;);
    }
        //end change
        
    Console.WriteLine();
}


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

def __DisplayScores(self):
        print()
        for P in self.__Players:
            print(f&quot;{P.GetName()}: has a score of {P.GetScore()}&quot;)
        print()
        # -- Start Changes --
        if self.__Players[0]._Score&gt;self.__Players[1]._Score:
            print(f&quot;{self.__Players[0].GetName} Is winning&quot;)

        elif self.__Players[0]._Score&lt;self.__Players[1]._Score:
            print(f&quot;{self.__Players[1].GetName} Is winning&quot;)

        else:
            print(&quot;Both players are tied&quot;)
        # -- End Changes -- 


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Q6: Add a method CountTotalTiles() to the Game class that counts and returns the total number of tiles remaining across all piles on the board. Display this total when the board is displayed ('B'). '''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
GK - Coombe Wood School - South Croydon 

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

//total number of tiles
//start change
private int CountTotalTiles()
{
    int total = 0;

    for (int i = 0; i &lt; Board.Count; i++)
    {
        total += Board[i].GetNumberOfTiles();
    }
    return total;
}
//end change

DisplayMenu();
Choice = GetChoice();
if (Choice == &quot;B&quot;)
{
    DisplayBoard();
    //start change
    Console.WriteLine($&quot;Total number of tiles {CountTotalTiles()}&quot;);
    //end change               
}


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Q7: Modify ChoosePile() in the Game class to validate that both user-entered X and Y coordinates fall within valid grid boundaries (1 \le x {GridSize} and 1 \le y \le{GridSize}) before calculating the index.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Q8: The Pile class contains an unused Bonus field. Add a method GetAndClearBonus() to Pile that returns the bonus value and resets it to 0. Update PlayGame() in Game so that when a matching pair is found, any bonus points from the two chosen piles are added to the player's score.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Q9: Extend the Player class to keep track of how many successful matching pairs each player has made during the game. Display this count in DisplayScores().'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
JO: Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
JO
// START CHANGE class Player
protected int SuccessMatches = 0;
public virtual void NumberOfSuccessfulMatches()
{
    SuccessMatches++;
}
public virtual int ReturnMatches()
{
    return SuccessMatches;
}
//END CHANGE
//START CHANGE DisplayScores
Console.WriteLine($&quot;{Players[0].GetName()} has {Players[0].ReturnMatches()} successful matches&quot;);
Console.WriteLine($&quot;{Players[1].GetName()} has {Players[1].ReturnMatches()} successful matches&quot;);
// END CHANGE


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

def PlayGame(self):
                    # Code Omitted
                    ScoreIncrease += Tile1.GetPoints() + Tile2.GetPoints()
                    self.__Players[self.__WhoseTurn].ChangeScore(ScoreIncrease)
                    # -- Start Changes : PlayGame --
                    self.__Players[self.__WhoseTurn].match()
                    # -- End Changes --

def __DisplayScores(self):
        print()
        for P in self.__Players:
            # -- Start Changes : __DisplayScores --
            print(f&quot;{P.GetName()}: has a score of {P.GetScore()} with {P.GetSuccessfulPairs()} Successful Pair(s)&quot;)
            # -- End Changes --
        print()

# -- Start Changes : Player --
    def GetSuccessfulPairs(self):
        return self._SuccessfulPairs

    def match(self):
        self._SuccessfulPairs+=1
# -- End Changes --
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Q10: Add a new menu option 'P' (&quot;Peek at Pile&quot;) to Game. When selected, prompt the user for coordinates and display all tile symbols contained within that specific pile from top to bottom without removing any tiles.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Q11: In Game.PlayGame(), if 5 consecutive turns occur without a single successful match (TurnsSinceMatch &gt;= 5), automatically discard the top tile of every non-empty pile on the board to refresh the grid state, and reset '''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
JB: Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
TurnsSinceMatch = 0.
// ANNOTATION: Player taking a turn selects two piles
int Pile1 = ChoosePile();
int Pile2;
do
{
    Pile2 = ChoosePile();
} while (Pile1 == Pile2); // Ensure they don't pick the exact same pile twice

TurnsSinceMatch++;
int resetGame = 0;
// ANNOTATION: Check if both chosen piles actually have tiles in them
if (Board[Pile1].Empty() == false &amp;&amp; Board[Pile2].Empty() == false)
{
    // ANNOTATION: Match Check! Compare the top tile symbols
    if (Board[Pile1].GetSymbolOfTopTile() == Board[Pile2].GetSymbolOfTopTile())
    {
        TurnsSinceMatch = 0; // Reset counter

        // Remove top tiles from the board
        Tile Tile1 = Board[Pile1].Remove();
        Tile Tile2 = Board[Pile2].Remove();

        // Add them to discard
        Discard.Add(Tile1);
        Discard.Add(Tile2);

        // Calculate score (sum of both tile point values)
        int ScoreIncrease = 0;
        ScoreIncrease += Tile1.GetPoints() + Tile2.GetPoints();
        Players[WhoseTurn].ChangeScore(ScoreIncrease);
        Console.WriteLine($&quot;{Players[WhoseTurn].GetName()}, you had two matching {Tile1.GetSymbol()} tiles; your score has increased by {ScoreIncrease}&quot;);
        resetGame = 0;
    }
    else
    {
        Console.WriteLine(&quot;You did not find a matching pair.&quot;);
        Console.WriteLine($&quot;The first pile you chose had a {Board[Pile1].GetSymbolOfTopTile()}&quot;);
        Console.WriteLine($&quot;The second pile you chose had a {Board[Pile2].GetSymbolOfTopTile()}&quot;);
        resetGame += 1;
        Console.WriteLine(resetGame);
        if (resetGame == 5)
        {
            TurnsSinceMatch = 0;
            for (int i = 0; i &lt; Board.Count - 1; i++)
            {
                Tile Tilei = Board[Pile1].Remove();
            }
        }
    }


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


=== '''Q12: Add a static method SaveGame(...) to TilesCS that saves the current state of the game (Board, Players, Discard, MaxScore, WhoseTurn, TurnsSinceMatch) to a text file using the exact structure expected by LoadGame().'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


=== '''Q13: Create a subclass SpecialTile inheriting from Tile. It includes a boolean attribute IsDoublePoints. Override GetPoints() so that if IsDoublePoints is true, the method returns twice the standard base points.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Q14: Create a subclass WildcardTile inheriting from Tile with symbol '*'. Modify PlayGame() in Game so that if either selected top tile is a WildcardTile ('*'), the selection automatically counts as a match with any other symbol'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
def PlayGame(self):
            # Code Omitted
            if self.__Board[Pile1].Empty() == False and self.__Board[Pile2].Empty() == False:
                # -- Start Changes --
                if self.__Board[Pile1].GetSymbolOfTopTile() == self.__Board[Pile2].GetSymbolOfTopTile() or self.__Board[Pile1].GetSymbolOfTopTile()==&quot;*&quot; or self.__Board[Pile2].GetSymbolOfTopTile()==&quot;*&quot;:
                    self.__TurnsSinceMatch = 0
                    Tile1 = self.__Board[Pile1].Remove()
                    Tile2 = self.__Board[Pile2].Remove()
                    self.__Discard.append(Tile1)
                    self.__Discard.append(Tile2)
                    ScoreIncrease = 0
                    if Tile1.GetSymbol()==&quot;*&quot;:
                        ScoreIncrease=Tile2.GetPoints*2
                    elif Tile2.GetSymbol()==&quot;*&quot;:
                        ScoreIncrease=Tile1.GetPoints*2
                    else:
                        ScoreIncrease += Tile1.GetPoints() + Tile2.GetPoints()
                    # -- End Changes --

# -- Start Changes --
class WildTile(Tile):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__(&quot;*&quot;,3)
# -- End Changes --

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


=== '''Q15: Create a derived class AIPlayer inheriting from Player. Add a method SelectPiles(List&lt;Pile&gt; Board) that scans the board for two non-empty piles sharing identical top tiles and returns their indices. If no match is visible, return the first two available non-empty pile indices.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Q16: Add an Undo feature to Game. If a player makes a successful match, store the removed tiles, pile indices, and score awarded. Add menu option 'U' to undo the last move, returning the tiles from Discard back into their respective piles and deducting the awarded score from the player.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Q17: Allow each player a maximum of 1 &quot;Peek&quot; ability per game. Add option 'V' to the menu. When used, the current player selects a pile and previews the symbol of the second tile down in that pile without removing it. Subtract 1 from their available peeks.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
JO: Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
 // start change in Player Class
    protected int PeekAbility = 1;
    public virtual bool Peek()
    {
        if (PeekAbility  == 1)
        {
            PeekAbility--;
            return true;
        }
        else
        {
            return false;
        }
    }
    // end change
   while (GameOver == false)
{
    string Choice = &quot;&quot;;
    while (Choice != &quot;T&quot;)
    {
        DisplayMenu();
        Choice = GetChoice();
        if (Choice == &quot;B&quot;)
        {
            DisplayBoard();
        }
        else if (Choice == &quot;D&quot;)
        {
            DisplayDiscard();
        }
        else if (Choice == &quot;S&quot;)
        {
            DisplayScores();
        }

        // start change
        else if (Choice == &quot;V&quot;)
        {
            DisplaySecondTile();
        }
        // end change
    }
            

   // start change in Class Game
    private void DisplaySecondTile()
    {
        if (Players[WhoseTurn].Peek() == true)
        {
            int PilePeek = ChoosePile();
            char TopTile = Board[PilePeek].GetSymbolOfTopTile();
            Board[PilePeek].Remove();
            Console.WriteLine(Board[PilePeek].GetSymbolOfTopTile());
            Board[PilePeek].Add(new Tile(TopTile, 0));
        }
        else
        {
            Console.WriteLine(&quot;Peek has already been used!&quot;);
        }
    }
    // end change
private void DisplayMenu()
{
    Console.WriteLine();
    Console.WriteLine();
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;MENU&quot;);
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;B. Display the board&quot;);
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;D. Display the discard&quot;);
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;T. Take turn&quot;);
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;S. Display scores&quot;);
    //start change
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;V. Peek at pile&quot;);
    //end change
    Console.WriteLine();
}


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Q18: Create a derived class TrapPile inheriting from Pile. If a matching pair of tiles is removed where either selected pile is a TrapPile, convert the score gain into a penalty (subtract points instead of adding).'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Q19:Modify Game to support non-square grids (e.g., Width \times Height = 20 piles total). Replace GridSize with GridWidth and GridHeight. Update GetIndex(x, y) and DisplayBoard() accordingly.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Q20: Create a MoveLog class to track turn events. Record player name, chosen pile coordinates, matched symbols, and points earned. Add menu option 'H' to print a structured text table summarizing all completed turns in the current game session.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
== Section D: Issues with the Code and Fixes : ==

=== '''Issue 1: When entering a choice, the way the program detects what choice the player has inputted is case sensitive. Entering ‘b’ rather than ‘B’ will prompt the user to enter their choice again.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
// Start change
Choice = Console.ReadLine().ToUpper();
// end change

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
# Start change
Choice = input(f&quot;{self.__Players[self.__WhoseTurn].GetName()}, enter your choice: &quot;).upper()
# End change

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


=== '''Issue 2: The program allows the user to enter x and y coordinates out of the 1-6 range'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
// Start change
while (x&gt;6 || x&lt;1 || y&gt;6 || y&lt;1)
{
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;Please enter within the range of 1-6&quot;);
    Console.Write(&quot;Enter x coordinate: &quot;);
    x = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
    Console.Write(&quot;Enter y coordinate: &quot;);
    y = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());

}
return GetIndex(x, y);
// end change


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire Edited: OPGS - Kent
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
    def __ChoosePile(self):
        x = 0
        y = 0
        # -- Start Changes --
        while x&lt;1 or x&gt;self.__GridSize or y&lt;1 or y&gt;self.__GridSize:
            print()
            print(f&quot;For each coordinate enter a number between 1 and {self.__GridSize}&quot;)
            x = int(input(&quot;Enter x coordinate: &quot;))
            y = int(input(&quot;Enter y coordinate: &quot;))
            print()
            # -- End Changes --
        return self.__GetIndex(x, y)

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Issue 3: If player 1 and player 2 get the same score, the game ends and a tie isn't declared.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
// Start change
else if (Players[1].GetScore() == Players[0].GetScore())
{
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;The game is a tie.&quot;);
}
// end change


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}I stand to be corrected but I don't think this can actually happen. After a player gains points it checks to see if they reached the maximum before ending the game. If the other player had already reached the MaxScore it would have stopped on their turn.

Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
def PlayGame(self):
        #Code Omitted
        if self.__Players[0].GetScore() &gt; self.__Players[1].GetScore():
            print(f&quot;{self.__Players[0].GetName()} has won!&quot;)
        elif self.__Players[1].GetScore() &gt; self.__Players[0].GetScore():
            print(f&quot;{self.__Players[1].GetName()} has won!&quot;)
        # -- Start Changes --
        else:
            print(&quot;The game ends in a tie.&quot;)
        # -- End Changes --
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Issue 4: The program doesn’t display any error messages to the user when they choose the same pile.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
int Pile1 = ChoosePile();
// START CHANGE
int Pile2 = ChoosePile();
while (Pile1 == Pile2)
{
     Console.WriteLine(&quot;Please input a different tile&quot;);
     Pile2 = ChoosePile();
}
// END CHANGE


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
def PlayGame(self):
            #Code Omitted
            Pile1 = self.__ChoosePile()
            Pile2 = self.__ChoosePile()
            while Pile1 == Pile2:
                # -- Start Changes --
                print(&quot;Pile 2 must be different to Pile 1&quot;)
                # -- End Changes
                Pile2 = self.__ChoosePile()
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Issue 5: If a letter which is not on the display menu is entered, there is no error message or a message to prompt the user to enter a valid letter'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
while (Choice.ToUpper() != &quot;T&quot;)
{
    DisplayMenu();
    Choice = GetChoice();
    if (Choice.ToUpper() == &quot;B&quot;)
    {
        DisplayBoard();
    }
    else if (Choice.ToUpper() == &quot;D&quot;)
    {
        DisplayDiscard();
    }
    else if (Choice.ToUpper() == &quot;S&quot;)
    {
        DisplayScores();
    }
    // CHANGE
    else if (Choice.ToUpper() != &quot;T&quot;)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(&quot;That is not a valid menu option.&quot;);
    }
    // END CHANGE
}


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

    def PlayGame(self):
        while self.__GameOver == False:
            Choice = &quot;&quot;
            while Choice != &quot;T&quot;:
                self.__DisplayMenu()
                Choice = self.__GetChoice()
                if Choice == &quot;B&quot;:
                    self.__DisplayBoard()
                elif Choice == &quot;D&quot;:
                    self.__DisplayDiscard()
                elif Choice == &quot;S&quot;:
                    self.__DisplayScores()
                # -- Start Changes -- 
                elif Choice != &quot;T&quot;:
                    print(&quot;Please enter a valid option&quot;)
                # -- End Changes --

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


=== '''Issue 6: Before the tiles are matched, the code should check if the pile is empty or the players turn is wasted'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
  int Pile1 = ChoosePile();
            // START Change
            while (Board[Pile1].Empty() == true)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(&quot;Empty tile&quot;);
                Pile1 = ChoosePile();
            }
            int Pile2 = ChoosePile();
            while (Board[Pile2].Empty() == true)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(&quot;Empty Tile&quot;);
                Pile2 = ChoosePile();
            }
            // end change


else
{
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;You chose an empty pile&quot;);
    //player is given another turn if pile is empty
    //start change
    PlayGame();
    //end change
}


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
def PlayGame(self):
            #Code Omitted
            Pile1 = self.__ChoosePile()
            # -- Start Changes --
            while Pile1.Empty():
                print(&quot;Please pick a pile that isn't empty&quot;)
                Pile1=self.__ChoosePile
            Pile2 = self.__ChoosePile()
            while Pile2.Empty():
                print(&quot;Please pick a pile that isn't empty&quot;)
                Pile2=self.__ChoosePile()
            # -- End Changes --
            while Pile1 == Pile2:
                Pile2 = self.__ChoosePile()
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Issue 7: When invalid input is entered code crashes'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

int x = 0, y = 0;
// CHANGE
try
{
    Console.Write(&quot;Enter x coordinate: &quot;);
    x = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
    Console.Write(&quot;Enter y coordinate: &quot;);
    y = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
    return GetIndex(x, y);
} catch (Exception)
{
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;Invalid input&quot;);
    ChoosePile();
}
// END CHANGE


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Issue 8: When the game finishes, it does not display the scores of both users'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
//start change
if (Players[0].GetScore() &gt; Players[1].GetScore())
{
    Console.WriteLine($&quot;{Players[0].GetName()} has won! Score:&quot; + Players[0].GetScore());
}
else if (Players[1].GetScore() &gt; Players[0].GetScore())
{
    Console.WriteLine($&quot;{Players[1].GetName()} has won! Score:&quot; + Players[1].GetScore());
}
//end change


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
def PlayGame(self):
        #Code Omitted
        if self.__Players[0].GetScore() &gt; self.__Players[1].GetScore():
            print(f&quot;{self.__Players[0].GetName()} has won!&quot;)
            # -- Start Changes --
            self.__DisplayScores()
            # -- End Changes --
        elif self.__Players[1].GetScore() &gt; self.__Players[0].GetScore():
            print(f&quot;{self.__Players[1].GetName()} has won!&quot;)
            # -- Start Changes --
            self.__DisplayScores()
            # -- End Changes --
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


=== '''Issue 9: The x coordinates can go above the boundary of 1-6'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
// CHANGE
try
{
    do
    {
        Console.Write(&quot;Enter x coordinate: &quot;);
        x = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());

        if (x &gt; GridSize || x &lt; 1)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(&quot;Out of bounds. Enter a value within the range of the grid.&quot;);
        }

    } while (x &gt; GridSize || x &lt; 1);

    do
    {
        Console.Write(&quot;Enter y coordinate: &quot;);
        y = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());

        if (y &gt; GridSize || y &lt; 1)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(&quot;Out of bounds. Enter a value within the range of the grid.&quot;);
        }

        return GetIndex(x, y);

    } while (y &gt; GridSize || y &lt; 1);
}
catch (Exception)
{
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;Invalid input&quot;);
    ChoosePile();
}
return 0;
// END CHANGE


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}</text>
      <sha1>jhokjbzxr7h6g63vr570vzf3vdf1x79</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4680125</id>
      <parentid>4680124</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-05T07:48:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mr Goff OPGS</username>
        <id>3630478</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Issue 2: The program allows the user to enter x and y coordinates out of the 1-6 range */</comment>
      <origin>4680125</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="30055" sha1="cj1u8w2x6xln4z0gd0gbqkf0ogcxddk" xml:space="preserve">{{soft redirect|v:en:A-level Computer Science AQA Paper 1 Skeleton program 2027}}

== Section C Mark distribution comparison ==
Mark distribution for this year:

The 2027 paper 1 will contain 4 questions worth 2, 3, 6, and 2 marks (13 total) 

The 2026 paper 1 contained 5 questions worth 3, 2, 5, 2 and 1 mark(s) (13 total).

The 2025 paper contained 4 questions worth 2 marks each (8 total).

The 2024 paper contained 3 questions worth 11 marks in total (3+2+6=11).

The 2023 paper contained 6 questions worth 13 marks

The 2022 paper contained 5 questions worth 17 marks.

The 2021 paper contained 4 questions worth 13 marks.

== Section C Predictions == 


'''Predictions:'''


== Section D Mark distribution comparison ==
Mark distribution for this year:

* The 2027 paper 1 contains 4 questions: a 6 mark, a 7 mark, an 11 mark and a thirteen mark question.

These marks include the screen capture(s), so the marks for the coding will be 1-2 marks lower.

* The 2026 paper 1 contains 4 questions: a 5 mark, an 8 mark and two 12 mark questions.

* The 2025 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 5 mark, a 6 mark and two 14 mark questions.
* The 2024 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 5 mark, a 6 mark and two 14 mark questions.
* The 2023 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 5 mark, a 9 mark, a 10 mark and one 13 mark question.
* The 2022 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 5 mark, a 9 mark, a 11 mark and one 13 mark question.
* The 2021 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 6 mark, an 8 mark, a 9 mark and one 14 mark question.
* The 2020 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 6 mark, an 8 mark, a 11 mark and one 12 mark question.
* The 2019 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 5 mark, an 8 mark, a 9 mark and one 13 mark question.
* The 2018 paper 1 contained 5 questions: a 2 mark, a 5 mark, two 9 mark and one 12 mark question.
* The 2017 paper 1 contained 5 questions: a 5 mark, three 6 mark and one 12 mark question.

== Section D Predictions ==
=== '''Q1: Write code to utilize Bonus when a player clears a pile, or use TurnsSinceMatch to trigger a board reshuffle when players get stuck.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


=== '''Q2: Modify board creation or grid coordinate calculations to validate that board sizes loaded from external files form valid square dimensions.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Q3: Refactor Pile.GetSymbolOfTopTile() to return a fallback character (e.g., ' ' or '?') or throw a defensive guard check if the pile is empty.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Q4: Modify TilesCS.Main() so that when setting up a default game, the user is prompted to enter a custom target score (MaxScore) rather than using the hardcoded value of 10.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
GK - Coombe Wood School - South Croydon 
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
if (UseDataFromFile == false)
 {
     Players.Add(new Player(&quot;Player 1&quot;, 0));
     Players.Add(new Player(&quot;Player 2&quot;, 0));
     for (int Count = 1; Count &lt;= 36; Count++)
     {
         Pile P = new Pile(3, 0);
         P.Add(new Tile('A', 1));
         P.Add(new Tile('B', 2));
         P.Add(new Tile('A', 1));
         Board.Add(P);
     }
     //start change
     Console.WriteLine(&quot;Enter a target score&quot;);
     MaxScore = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
     //end change
 }


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

    if UseDataFromFile == False:
        Players.append(Player(&quot;Player 1&quot;, 0))
        Players.append(Player(&quot;Player 2&quot;, 0))

        for Count in range(1, 37):
            P = Pile(3, 0)
            P.Add(Tile(&quot;A&quot;, 1))
            P.Add(Tile(&quot;B&quot;, 2))
            P.Add(Tile(&quot;A&quot;, 1))
            Board.append(P)

        # -- Start Changes --
        MaxScoreInput=input(&quot;Enter a max score: &quot;)
        if type(MaxScoreInput)==int:
            MaxScore=MaxScoreInput
        else:
            print(&quot;Using default max score (10)&quot;)
        # -- End Changes --

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Q5: Update the DisplayScores() method in Game so that in addition to printing player scores, it prints which player is currently winning or states that the game is currently a tie.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
GK - Coombe Wood School - South Croydon 

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

private void DisplayScores()
{
    Console.WriteLine();
    foreach (Player P in Players)
    {
     Console.WriteLine($&quot;{P.GetName()}: has a score of {P.GetScore()}&quot;);
    }
    //start change
    if (Players[1].GetScore() &gt; Players[0].GetScore())
    {
        Console.WriteLine($&quot;{Players[1].GetName()} is winning&quot;);
    }
    else if (Players[1].GetScore() &lt; Players[0].GetScore())
    {
        Console.WriteLine($&quot;{Players[0].GetName()} is winning&quot;);
    }
    else if (Players[1].GetScore() == Players[0].GetScore())
    { 
       Console.WriteLine(&quot;The game is currently a tie.&quot;);
    }
        //end change
        
    Console.WriteLine();
}


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

def __DisplayScores(self):
        print()
        for P in self.__Players:
            print(f&quot;{P.GetName()}: has a score of {P.GetScore()}&quot;)
        print()
        # -- Start Changes --
        if self.__Players[0]._Score&gt;self.__Players[1]._Score:
            print(f&quot;{self.__Players[0].GetName} Is winning&quot;)

        elif self.__Players[0]._Score&lt;self.__Players[1]._Score:
            print(f&quot;{self.__Players[1].GetName} Is winning&quot;)

        else:
            print(&quot;Both players are tied&quot;)
        # -- End Changes -- 


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Q6: Add a method CountTotalTiles() to the Game class that counts and returns the total number of tiles remaining across all piles on the board. Display this total when the board is displayed ('B'). '''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
GK - Coombe Wood School - South Croydon 

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

//total number of tiles
//start change
private int CountTotalTiles()
{
    int total = 0;

    for (int i = 0; i &lt; Board.Count; i++)
    {
        total += Board[i].GetNumberOfTiles();
    }
    return total;
}
//end change

DisplayMenu();
Choice = GetChoice();
if (Choice == &quot;B&quot;)
{
    DisplayBoard();
    //start change
    Console.WriteLine($&quot;Total number of tiles {CountTotalTiles()}&quot;);
    //end change               
}


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Q7: Modify ChoosePile() in the Game class to validate that both user-entered X and Y coordinates fall within valid grid boundaries (1 \le x {GridSize} and 1 \le y \le{GridSize}) before calculating the index.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Q8: The Pile class contains an unused Bonus field. Add a method GetAndClearBonus() to Pile that returns the bonus value and resets it to 0. Update PlayGame() in Game so that when a matching pair is found, any bonus points from the two chosen piles are added to the player's score.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Q9: Extend the Player class to keep track of how many successful matching pairs each player has made during the game. Display this count in DisplayScores().'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
JO: Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
JO
// START CHANGE class Player
protected int SuccessMatches = 0;
public virtual void NumberOfSuccessfulMatches()
{
    SuccessMatches++;
}
public virtual int ReturnMatches()
{
    return SuccessMatches;
}
//END CHANGE
//START CHANGE DisplayScores
Console.WriteLine($&quot;{Players[0].GetName()} has {Players[0].ReturnMatches()} successful matches&quot;);
Console.WriteLine($&quot;{Players[1].GetName()} has {Players[1].ReturnMatches()} successful matches&quot;);
// END CHANGE


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

def PlayGame(self):
                    # Code Omitted
                    ScoreIncrease += Tile1.GetPoints() + Tile2.GetPoints()
                    self.__Players[self.__WhoseTurn].ChangeScore(ScoreIncrease)
                    # -- Start Changes : PlayGame --
                    self.__Players[self.__WhoseTurn].match()
                    # -- End Changes --

def __DisplayScores(self):
        print()
        for P in self.__Players:
            # -- Start Changes : __DisplayScores --
            print(f&quot;{P.GetName()}: has a score of {P.GetScore()} with {P.GetSuccessfulPairs()} Successful Pair(s)&quot;)
            # -- End Changes --
        print()

# -- Start Changes : Player --
    def GetSuccessfulPairs(self):
        return self._SuccessfulPairs

    def match(self):
        self._SuccessfulPairs+=1
# -- End Changes --
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Q10: Add a new menu option 'P' (&quot;Peek at Pile&quot;) to Game. When selected, prompt the user for coordinates and display all tile symbols contained within that specific pile from top to bottom without removing any tiles.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Q11: In Game.PlayGame(), if 5 consecutive turns occur without a single successful match (TurnsSinceMatch &gt;= 5), automatically discard the top tile of every non-empty pile on the board to refresh the grid state, and reset '''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
JB: Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
TurnsSinceMatch = 0.
// ANNOTATION: Player taking a turn selects two piles
int Pile1 = ChoosePile();
int Pile2;
do
{
    Pile2 = ChoosePile();
} while (Pile1 == Pile2); // Ensure they don't pick the exact same pile twice

TurnsSinceMatch++;
int resetGame = 0;
// ANNOTATION: Check if both chosen piles actually have tiles in them
if (Board[Pile1].Empty() == false &amp;&amp; Board[Pile2].Empty() == false)
{
    // ANNOTATION: Match Check! Compare the top tile symbols
    if (Board[Pile1].GetSymbolOfTopTile() == Board[Pile2].GetSymbolOfTopTile())
    {
        TurnsSinceMatch = 0; // Reset counter

        // Remove top tiles from the board
        Tile Tile1 = Board[Pile1].Remove();
        Tile Tile2 = Board[Pile2].Remove();

        // Add them to discard
        Discard.Add(Tile1);
        Discard.Add(Tile2);

        // Calculate score (sum of both tile point values)
        int ScoreIncrease = 0;
        ScoreIncrease += Tile1.GetPoints() + Tile2.GetPoints();
        Players[WhoseTurn].ChangeScore(ScoreIncrease);
        Console.WriteLine($&quot;{Players[WhoseTurn].GetName()}, you had two matching {Tile1.GetSymbol()} tiles; your score has increased by {ScoreIncrease}&quot;);
        resetGame = 0;
    }
    else
    {
        Console.WriteLine(&quot;You did not find a matching pair.&quot;);
        Console.WriteLine($&quot;The first pile you chose had a {Board[Pile1].GetSymbolOfTopTile()}&quot;);
        Console.WriteLine($&quot;The second pile you chose had a {Board[Pile2].GetSymbolOfTopTile()}&quot;);
        resetGame += 1;
        Console.WriteLine(resetGame);
        if (resetGame == 5)
        {
            TurnsSinceMatch = 0;
            for (int i = 0; i &lt; Board.Count - 1; i++)
            {
                Tile Tilei = Board[Pile1].Remove();
            }
        }
    }


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


=== '''Q12: Add a static method SaveGame(...) to TilesCS that saves the current state of the game (Board, Players, Discard, MaxScore, WhoseTurn, TurnsSinceMatch) to a text file using the exact structure expected by LoadGame().'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


=== '''Q13: Create a subclass SpecialTile inheriting from Tile. It includes a boolean attribute IsDoublePoints. Override GetPoints() so that if IsDoublePoints is true, the method returns twice the standard base points.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Q14: Create a subclass WildcardTile inheriting from Tile with symbol '*'. Modify PlayGame() in Game so that if either selected top tile is a WildcardTile ('*'), the selection automatically counts as a match with any other symbol'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
def PlayGame(self):
            # Code Omitted
            if self.__Board[Pile1].Empty() == False and self.__Board[Pile2].Empty() == False:
                # -- Start Changes --
                if self.__Board[Pile1].GetSymbolOfTopTile() == self.__Board[Pile2].GetSymbolOfTopTile() or self.__Board[Pile1].GetSymbolOfTopTile()==&quot;*&quot; or self.__Board[Pile2].GetSymbolOfTopTile()==&quot;*&quot;:
                    self.__TurnsSinceMatch = 0
                    Tile1 = self.__Board[Pile1].Remove()
                    Tile2 = self.__Board[Pile2].Remove()
                    self.__Discard.append(Tile1)
                    self.__Discard.append(Tile2)
                    ScoreIncrease = 0
                    if Tile1.GetSymbol()==&quot;*&quot;:
                        ScoreIncrease=Tile2.GetPoints*2
                    elif Tile2.GetSymbol()==&quot;*&quot;:
                        ScoreIncrease=Tile1.GetPoints*2
                    else:
                        ScoreIncrease += Tile1.GetPoints() + Tile2.GetPoints()
                    # -- End Changes --

# -- Start Changes --
class WildTile(Tile):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__(&quot;*&quot;,3)
# -- End Changes --

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


=== '''Q15: Create a derived class AIPlayer inheriting from Player. Add a method SelectPiles(List&lt;Pile&gt; Board) that scans the board for two non-empty piles sharing identical top tiles and returns their indices. If no match is visible, return the first two available non-empty pile indices.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Q16: Add an Undo feature to Game. If a player makes a successful match, store the removed tiles, pile indices, and score awarded. Add menu option 'U' to undo the last move, returning the tiles from Discard back into their respective piles and deducting the awarded score from the player.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Q17: Allow each player a maximum of 1 &quot;Peek&quot; ability per game. Add option 'V' to the menu. When used, the current player selects a pile and previews the symbol of the second tile down in that pile without removing it. Subtract 1 from their available peeks.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
JO: Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
 // start change in Player Class
    protected int PeekAbility = 1;
    public virtual bool Peek()
    {
        if (PeekAbility  == 1)
        {
            PeekAbility--;
            return true;
        }
        else
        {
            return false;
        }
    }
    // end change
   while (GameOver == false)
{
    string Choice = &quot;&quot;;
    while (Choice != &quot;T&quot;)
    {
        DisplayMenu();
        Choice = GetChoice();
        if (Choice == &quot;B&quot;)
        {
            DisplayBoard();
        }
        else if (Choice == &quot;D&quot;)
        {
            DisplayDiscard();
        }
        else if (Choice == &quot;S&quot;)
        {
            DisplayScores();
        }

        // start change
        else if (Choice == &quot;V&quot;)
        {
            DisplaySecondTile();
        }
        // end change
    }
            

   // start change in Class Game
    private void DisplaySecondTile()
    {
        if (Players[WhoseTurn].Peek() == true)
        {
            int PilePeek = ChoosePile();
            char TopTile = Board[PilePeek].GetSymbolOfTopTile();
            Board[PilePeek].Remove();
            Console.WriteLine(Board[PilePeek].GetSymbolOfTopTile());
            Board[PilePeek].Add(new Tile(TopTile, 0));
        }
        else
        {
            Console.WriteLine(&quot;Peek has already been used!&quot;);
        }
    }
    // end change
private void DisplayMenu()
{
    Console.WriteLine();
    Console.WriteLine();
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;MENU&quot;);
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;B. Display the board&quot;);
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;D. Display the discard&quot;);
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;T. Take turn&quot;);
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;S. Display scores&quot;);
    //start change
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;V. Peek at pile&quot;);
    //end change
    Console.WriteLine();
}


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Q18: Create a derived class TrapPile inheriting from Pile. If a matching pair of tiles is removed where either selected pile is a TrapPile, convert the score gain into a penalty (subtract points instead of adding).'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Q19:Modify Game to support non-square grids (e.g., Width \times Height = 20 piles total). Replace GridSize with GridWidth and GridHeight. Update GetIndex(x, y) and DisplayBoard() accordingly.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Q20: Create a MoveLog class to track turn events. Record player name, chosen pile coordinates, matched symbols, and points earned. Add menu option 'H' to print a structured text table summarizing all completed turns in the current game session.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
== Section D: Issues with the Code and Fixes : ==

=== '''Issue 1: When entering a choice, the way the program detects what choice the player has inputted is case sensitive. Entering ‘b’ rather than ‘B’ will prompt the user to enter their choice again.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
// Start change
Choice = Console.ReadLine().ToUpper();
// end change

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
# Start change
Choice = input(f&quot;{self.__Players[self.__WhoseTurn].GetName()}, enter your choice: &quot;).upper()
# End change

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


=== '''Issue 2: The program allows the user to enter x and y coordinates out of the 1-6 range'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
// Start change
while (x&gt;6 || x&lt;1 || y&gt;6 || y&lt;1)
{
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;Please enter within the range of 1-6&quot;);
    Console.Write(&quot;Enter x coordinate: &quot;);
    x = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
    Console.Write(&quot;Enter y coordinate: &quot;);
    y = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());

}
return GetIndex(x, y);
// end change


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire Edited to work with any grid size: OPGS - Kent
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
    def __ChoosePile(self):
        x = 0
        y = 0
        # -- Start Changes --
        while x&lt;1 or x&gt;self.__GridSize or y&lt;1 or y&gt;self.__GridSize:
            print()
            print(f&quot;For each coordinate enter a number between 1 and {self.__GridSize}&quot;)
            x = int(input(&quot;Enter x coordinate: &quot;))
            y = int(input(&quot;Enter y coordinate: &quot;))
            print()
            # -- End Changes --
        return self.__GetIndex(x, y)

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Issue 3: If player 1 and player 2 get the same score, the game ends and a tie isn't declared.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
// Start change
else if (Players[1].GetScore() == Players[0].GetScore())
{
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;The game is a tie.&quot;);
}
// end change


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}I stand to be corrected but I don't think this can actually happen. After a player gains points it checks to see if they reached the maximum before ending the game. If the other player had already reached the MaxScore it would have stopped on their turn.

Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
def PlayGame(self):
        #Code Omitted
        if self.__Players[0].GetScore() &gt; self.__Players[1].GetScore():
            print(f&quot;{self.__Players[0].GetName()} has won!&quot;)
        elif self.__Players[1].GetScore() &gt; self.__Players[0].GetScore():
            print(f&quot;{self.__Players[1].GetName()} has won!&quot;)
        # -- Start Changes --
        else:
            print(&quot;The game ends in a tie.&quot;)
        # -- End Changes --
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Issue 4: The program doesn’t display any error messages to the user when they choose the same pile.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
int Pile1 = ChoosePile();
// START CHANGE
int Pile2 = ChoosePile();
while (Pile1 == Pile2)
{
     Console.WriteLine(&quot;Please input a different tile&quot;);
     Pile2 = ChoosePile();
}
// END CHANGE


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
def PlayGame(self):
            #Code Omitted
            Pile1 = self.__ChoosePile()
            Pile2 = self.__ChoosePile()
            while Pile1 == Pile2:
                # -- Start Changes --
                print(&quot;Pile 2 must be different to Pile 1&quot;)
                # -- End Changes
                Pile2 = self.__ChoosePile()
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Issue 5: If a letter which is not on the display menu is entered, there is no error message or a message to prompt the user to enter a valid letter'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
while (Choice.ToUpper() != &quot;T&quot;)
{
    DisplayMenu();
    Choice = GetChoice();
    if (Choice.ToUpper() == &quot;B&quot;)
    {
        DisplayBoard();
    }
    else if (Choice.ToUpper() == &quot;D&quot;)
    {
        DisplayDiscard();
    }
    else if (Choice.ToUpper() == &quot;S&quot;)
    {
        DisplayScores();
    }
    // CHANGE
    else if (Choice.ToUpper() != &quot;T&quot;)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(&quot;That is not a valid menu option.&quot;);
    }
    // END CHANGE
}


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

    def PlayGame(self):
        while self.__GameOver == False:
            Choice = &quot;&quot;
            while Choice != &quot;T&quot;:
                self.__DisplayMenu()
                Choice = self.__GetChoice()
                if Choice == &quot;B&quot;:
                    self.__DisplayBoard()
                elif Choice == &quot;D&quot;:
                    self.__DisplayDiscard()
                elif Choice == &quot;S&quot;:
                    self.__DisplayScores()
                # -- Start Changes -- 
                elif Choice != &quot;T&quot;:
                    print(&quot;Please enter a valid option&quot;)
                # -- End Changes --

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


=== '''Issue 6: Before the tiles are matched, the code should check if the pile is empty or the players turn is wasted'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
  int Pile1 = ChoosePile();
            // START Change
            while (Board[Pile1].Empty() == true)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(&quot;Empty tile&quot;);
                Pile1 = ChoosePile();
            }
            int Pile2 = ChoosePile();
            while (Board[Pile2].Empty() == true)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(&quot;Empty Tile&quot;);
                Pile2 = ChoosePile();
            }
            // end change


else
{
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;You chose an empty pile&quot;);
    //player is given another turn if pile is empty
    //start change
    PlayGame();
    //end change
}


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
def PlayGame(self):
            #Code Omitted
            Pile1 = self.__ChoosePile()
            # -- Start Changes --
            while Pile1.Empty():
                print(&quot;Please pick a pile that isn't empty&quot;)
                Pile1=self.__ChoosePile
            Pile2 = self.__ChoosePile()
            while Pile2.Empty():
                print(&quot;Please pick a pile that isn't empty&quot;)
                Pile2=self.__ChoosePile()
            # -- End Changes --
            while Pile1 == Pile2:
                Pile2 = self.__ChoosePile()
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Issue 7: When invalid input is entered code crashes'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

int x = 0, y = 0;
// CHANGE
try
{
    Console.Write(&quot;Enter x coordinate: &quot;);
    x = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
    Console.Write(&quot;Enter y coordinate: &quot;);
    y = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
    return GetIndex(x, y);
} catch (Exception)
{
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;Invalid input&quot;);
    ChoosePile();
}
// END CHANGE


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
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=== '''Issue 8: When the game finishes, it does not display the scores of both users'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
//start change
if (Players[0].GetScore() &gt; Players[1].GetScore())
{
    Console.WriteLine($&quot;{Players[0].GetName()} has won! Score:&quot; + Players[0].GetScore());
}
else if (Players[1].GetScore() &gt; Players[0].GetScore())
{
    Console.WriteLine($&quot;{Players[1].GetName()} has won! Score:&quot; + Players[1].GetScore());
}
//end change


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
def PlayGame(self):
        #Code Omitted
        if self.__Players[0].GetScore() &gt; self.__Players[1].GetScore():
            print(f&quot;{self.__Players[0].GetName()} has won!&quot;)
            # -- Start Changes --
            self.__DisplayScores()
            # -- End Changes --
        elif self.__Players[1].GetScore() &gt; self.__Players[0].GetScore():
            print(f&quot;{self.__Players[1].GetName()} has won!&quot;)
            # -- Start Changes --
            self.__DisplayScores()
            # -- End Changes --
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


=== '''Issue 9: The x coordinates can go above the boundary of 1-6'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
// CHANGE
try
{
    do
    {
        Console.Write(&quot;Enter x coordinate: &quot;);
        x = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());

        if (x &gt; GridSize || x &lt; 1)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(&quot;Out of bounds. Enter a value within the range of the grid.&quot;);
        }

    } while (x &gt; GridSize || x &lt; 1);

    do
    {
        Console.Write(&quot;Enter y coordinate: &quot;);
        y = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());

        if (y &gt; GridSize || y &lt; 1)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(&quot;Out of bounds. Enter a value within the range of the grid.&quot;);
        }

        return GetIndex(x, y);

    } while (y &gt; GridSize || y &lt; 1);
}
catch (Exception)
{
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;Invalid input&quot;);
    ChoosePile();
}
return 0;
// END CHANGE


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
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&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}</text>
      <sha1>cj1u8w2x6xln4z0gd0gbqkf0ogcxddk</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4680146</id>
      <parentid>4680125</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-05T08:22:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mr Goff OPGS</username>
        <id>3630478</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Q6: Add a method CountTotalTiles() to the Game class that counts and returns the total number of tiles remaining across all piles on the board. Display this total when the board is displayed ('B').  */</comment>
      <origin>4680146</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="30890" sha1="trr56emkucj2ngggdk8q3g8u8jlymtb" xml:space="preserve">{{soft redirect|v:en:A-level Computer Science AQA Paper 1 Skeleton program 2027}}

== Section C Mark distribution comparison ==
Mark distribution for this year:

The 2027 paper 1 will contain 4 questions worth 2, 3, 6, and 2 marks (13 total) 

The 2026 paper 1 contained 5 questions worth 3, 2, 5, 2 and 1 mark(s) (13 total).

The 2025 paper contained 4 questions worth 2 marks each (8 total).

The 2024 paper contained 3 questions worth 11 marks in total (3+2+6=11).

The 2023 paper contained 6 questions worth 13 marks

The 2022 paper contained 5 questions worth 17 marks.

The 2021 paper contained 4 questions worth 13 marks.

== Section C Predictions == 


'''Predictions:'''


== Section D Mark distribution comparison ==
Mark distribution for this year:

* The 2027 paper 1 contains 4 questions: a 6 mark, a 7 mark, an 11 mark and a thirteen mark question.

These marks include the screen capture(s), so the marks for the coding will be 1-2 marks lower.

* The 2026 paper 1 contains 4 questions: a 5 mark, an 8 mark and two 12 mark questions.

* The 2025 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 5 mark, a 6 mark and two 14 mark questions.
* The 2024 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 5 mark, a 6 mark and two 14 mark questions.
* The 2023 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 5 mark, a 9 mark, a 10 mark and one 13 mark question.
* The 2022 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 5 mark, a 9 mark, a 11 mark and one 13 mark question.
* The 2021 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 6 mark, an 8 mark, a 9 mark and one 14 mark question.
* The 2020 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 6 mark, an 8 mark, a 11 mark and one 12 mark question.
* The 2019 paper 1 contained 4 questions: a 5 mark, an 8 mark, a 9 mark and one 13 mark question.
* The 2018 paper 1 contained 5 questions: a 2 mark, a 5 mark, two 9 mark and one 12 mark question.
* The 2017 paper 1 contained 5 questions: a 5 mark, three 6 mark and one 12 mark question.

== Section D Predictions ==
=== '''Q1: Write code to utilize Bonus when a player clears a pile, or use TurnsSinceMatch to trigger a board reshuffle when players get stuck.'''===
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=== '''Q2: Modify board creation or grid coordinate calculations to validate that board sizes loaded from external files form valid square dimensions.'''===
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&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
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=== '''Q3: Refactor Pile.GetSymbolOfTopTile() to return a fallback character (e.g., ' ' or '?') or throw a defensive guard check if the pile is empty.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
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=== '''Q4: Modify TilesCS.Main() so that when setting up a default game, the user is prompted to enter a custom target score (MaxScore) rather than using the hardcoded value of 10.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
GK - Coombe Wood School - South Croydon 
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
if (UseDataFromFile == false)
 {
     Players.Add(new Player(&quot;Player 1&quot;, 0));
     Players.Add(new Player(&quot;Player 2&quot;, 0));
     for (int Count = 1; Count &lt;= 36; Count++)
     {
         Pile P = new Pile(3, 0);
         P.Add(new Tile('A', 1));
         P.Add(new Tile('B', 2));
         P.Add(new Tile('A', 1));
         Board.Add(P);
     }
     //start change
     Console.WriteLine(&quot;Enter a target score&quot;);
     MaxScore = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
     //end change
 }


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

    if UseDataFromFile == False:
        Players.append(Player(&quot;Player 1&quot;, 0))
        Players.append(Player(&quot;Player 2&quot;, 0))

        for Count in range(1, 37):
            P = Pile(3, 0)
            P.Add(Tile(&quot;A&quot;, 1))
            P.Add(Tile(&quot;B&quot;, 2))
            P.Add(Tile(&quot;A&quot;, 1))
            Board.append(P)

        # -- Start Changes --
        MaxScoreInput=input(&quot;Enter a max score: &quot;)
        if type(MaxScoreInput)==int:
            MaxScore=MaxScoreInput
        else:
            print(&quot;Using default max score (10)&quot;)
        # -- End Changes --

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Q5: Update the DisplayScores() method in Game so that in addition to printing player scores, it prints which player is currently winning or states that the game is currently a tie.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
GK - Coombe Wood School - South Croydon 

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

private void DisplayScores()
{
    Console.WriteLine();
    foreach (Player P in Players)
    {
     Console.WriteLine($&quot;{P.GetName()}: has a score of {P.GetScore()}&quot;);
    }
    //start change
    if (Players[1].GetScore() &gt; Players[0].GetScore())
    {
        Console.WriteLine($&quot;{Players[1].GetName()} is winning&quot;);
    }
    else if (Players[1].GetScore() &lt; Players[0].GetScore())
    {
        Console.WriteLine($&quot;{Players[0].GetName()} is winning&quot;);
    }
    else if (Players[1].GetScore() == Players[0].GetScore())
    { 
       Console.WriteLine(&quot;The game is currently a tie.&quot;);
    }
        //end change
        
    Console.WriteLine();
}


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

def __DisplayScores(self):
        print()
        for P in self.__Players:
            print(f&quot;{P.GetName()}: has a score of {P.GetScore()}&quot;)
        print()
        # -- Start Changes --
        if self.__Players[0]._Score&gt;self.__Players[1]._Score:
            print(f&quot;{self.__Players[0].GetName} Is winning&quot;)

        elif self.__Players[0]._Score&lt;self.__Players[1]._Score:
            print(f&quot;{self.__Players[1].GetName} Is winning&quot;)

        else:
            print(&quot;Both players are tied&quot;)
        # -- End Changes -- 


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Q6: Add a method CountTotalTiles() to the Game class that counts and returns the total number of tiles remaining across all piles on the board. Display this total when the board is displayed ('B'). '''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
GK - Coombe Wood School - South Croydon 

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

//total number of tiles
//start change
private int CountTotalTiles()
{
    int total = 0;

    for (int i = 0; i &lt; Board.Count; i++)
    {
        total += Board[i].GetNumberOfTiles();
    }
    return total;
}
//end change

DisplayMenu();
Choice = GetChoice();
if (Choice == &quot;B&quot;)
{
    DisplayBoard();
    //start change
    Console.WriteLine($&quot;Total number of tiles {CountTotalTiles()}&quot;);
    //end change               
}


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}OPGS - Kent
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

# New Method in game class
def __CountTotalTiles(self):
    total = 0
    for P in self.__Board:
        total += P.GetNumberOfTiles()
    return total

#Change to displayBoard method
def __DisplayBoard(self):
        for y in range (self.__GridSize, 0, -1):
            print(f&quot;{y}|&quot;, end=&quot;&quot;)
            for x in range(1, self.__GridSize + 1):
                print(self.__Board[self.__GetIndex(x, y)].GetNumberOfTiles(), end=&quot;&quot;)
            print()
        print(&quot;  &quot;, end=&quot;&quot;)
        for x in range(1, self.__GridSize + 1):
            print(&quot;-&quot;, end=&quot;&quot;)
        print()
        print(&quot;  &quot;, end=&quot;&quot;)
        for x in range (1, self.__GridSize + 1):
            print(x, end=&quot;&quot;)
        print()
        # New code
        print(f&quot;Total tiles remaining: {self.__CountTotalTiles()}&quot;)
        print()
        # End new code
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Q7: Modify ChoosePile() in the Game class to validate that both user-entered X and Y coordinates fall within valid grid boundaries (1 \le x {GridSize} and 1 \le y \le{GridSize}) before calculating the index.'''===
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=== '''Q8: The Pile class contains an unused Bonus field. Add a method GetAndClearBonus() to Pile that returns the bonus value and resets it to 0. Update PlayGame() in Game so that when a matching pair is found, any bonus points from the two chosen piles are added to the player's score.'''===
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&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
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=== '''Q9: Extend the Player class to keep track of how many successful matching pairs each player has made during the game. Display this count in DisplayScores().'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
JO: Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
JO
// START CHANGE class Player
protected int SuccessMatches = 0;
public virtual void NumberOfSuccessfulMatches()
{
    SuccessMatches++;
}
public virtual int ReturnMatches()
{
    return SuccessMatches;
}
//END CHANGE
//START CHANGE DisplayScores
Console.WriteLine($&quot;{Players[0].GetName()} has {Players[0].ReturnMatches()} successful matches&quot;);
Console.WriteLine($&quot;{Players[1].GetName()} has {Players[1].ReturnMatches()} successful matches&quot;);
// END CHANGE


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

def PlayGame(self):
                    # Code Omitted
                    ScoreIncrease += Tile1.GetPoints() + Tile2.GetPoints()
                    self.__Players[self.__WhoseTurn].ChangeScore(ScoreIncrease)
                    # -- Start Changes : PlayGame --
                    self.__Players[self.__WhoseTurn].match()
                    # -- End Changes --

def __DisplayScores(self):
        print()
        for P in self.__Players:
            # -- Start Changes : __DisplayScores --
            print(f&quot;{P.GetName()}: has a score of {P.GetScore()} with {P.GetSuccessfulPairs()} Successful Pair(s)&quot;)
            # -- End Changes --
        print()

# -- Start Changes : Player --
    def GetSuccessfulPairs(self):
        return self._SuccessfulPairs

    def match(self):
        self._SuccessfulPairs+=1
# -- End Changes --
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Q10: Add a new menu option 'P' (&quot;Peek at Pile&quot;) to Game. When selected, prompt the user for coordinates and display all tile symbols contained within that specific pile from top to bottom without removing any tiles.'''===
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=== '''Q11: In Game.PlayGame(), if 5 consecutive turns occur without a single successful match (TurnsSinceMatch &gt;= 5), automatically discard the top tile of every non-empty pile on the board to refresh the grid state, and reset '''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
JB: Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
TurnsSinceMatch = 0.
// ANNOTATION: Player taking a turn selects two piles
int Pile1 = ChoosePile();
int Pile2;
do
{
    Pile2 = ChoosePile();
} while (Pile1 == Pile2); // Ensure they don't pick the exact same pile twice

TurnsSinceMatch++;
int resetGame = 0;
// ANNOTATION: Check if both chosen piles actually have tiles in them
if (Board[Pile1].Empty() == false &amp;&amp; Board[Pile2].Empty() == false)
{
    // ANNOTATION: Match Check! Compare the top tile symbols
    if (Board[Pile1].GetSymbolOfTopTile() == Board[Pile2].GetSymbolOfTopTile())
    {
        TurnsSinceMatch = 0; // Reset counter

        // Remove top tiles from the board
        Tile Tile1 = Board[Pile1].Remove();
        Tile Tile2 = Board[Pile2].Remove();

        // Add them to discard
        Discard.Add(Tile1);
        Discard.Add(Tile2);

        // Calculate score (sum of both tile point values)
        int ScoreIncrease = 0;
        ScoreIncrease += Tile1.GetPoints() + Tile2.GetPoints();
        Players[WhoseTurn].ChangeScore(ScoreIncrease);
        Console.WriteLine($&quot;{Players[WhoseTurn].GetName()}, you had two matching {Tile1.GetSymbol()} tiles; your score has increased by {ScoreIncrease}&quot;);
        resetGame = 0;
    }
    else
    {
        Console.WriteLine(&quot;You did not find a matching pair.&quot;);
        Console.WriteLine($&quot;The first pile you chose had a {Board[Pile1].GetSymbolOfTopTile()}&quot;);
        Console.WriteLine($&quot;The second pile you chose had a {Board[Pile2].GetSymbolOfTopTile()}&quot;);
        resetGame += 1;
        Console.WriteLine(resetGame);
        if (resetGame == 5)
        {
            TurnsSinceMatch = 0;
            for (int i = 0; i &lt; Board.Count - 1; i++)
            {
                Tile Tilei = Board[Pile1].Remove();
            }
        }
    }


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
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&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


=== '''Q12: Add a static method SaveGame(...) to TilesCS that saves the current state of the game (Board, Players, Discard, MaxScore, WhoseTurn, TurnsSinceMatch) to a text file using the exact structure expected by LoadGame().'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


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&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
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{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


=== '''Q13: Create a subclass SpecialTile inheriting from Tile. It includes a boolean attribute IsDoublePoints. Override GetPoints() so that if IsDoublePoints is true, the method returns twice the standard base points.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


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&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
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&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Q14: Create a subclass WildcardTile inheriting from Tile with symbol '*'. Modify PlayGame() in Game so that if either selected top tile is a WildcardTile ('*'), the selection automatically counts as a match with any other symbol'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
def PlayGame(self):
            # Code Omitted
            if self.__Board[Pile1].Empty() == False and self.__Board[Pile2].Empty() == False:
                # -- Start Changes --
                if self.__Board[Pile1].GetSymbolOfTopTile() == self.__Board[Pile2].GetSymbolOfTopTile() or self.__Board[Pile1].GetSymbolOfTopTile()==&quot;*&quot; or self.__Board[Pile2].GetSymbolOfTopTile()==&quot;*&quot;:
                    self.__TurnsSinceMatch = 0
                    Tile1 = self.__Board[Pile1].Remove()
                    Tile2 = self.__Board[Pile2].Remove()
                    self.__Discard.append(Tile1)
                    self.__Discard.append(Tile2)
                    ScoreIncrease = 0
                    if Tile1.GetSymbol()==&quot;*&quot;:
                        ScoreIncrease=Tile2.GetPoints*2
                    elif Tile2.GetSymbol()==&quot;*&quot;:
                        ScoreIncrease=Tile1.GetPoints*2
                    else:
                        ScoreIncrease += Tile1.GetPoints() + Tile2.GetPoints()
                    # -- End Changes --

# -- Start Changes --
class WildTile(Tile):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__(&quot;*&quot;,3)
# -- End Changes --

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


=== '''Q15: Create a derived class AIPlayer inheriting from Player. Add a method SelectPiles(List&lt;Pile&gt; Board) that scans the board for two non-empty piles sharing identical top tiles and returns their indices. If no match is visible, return the first two available non-empty pile indices.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


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&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
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{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Q16: Add an Undo feature to Game. If a player makes a successful match, store the removed tiles, pile indices, and score awarded. Add menu option 'U' to undo the last move, returning the tiles from Discard back into their respective piles and deducting the awarded score from the player.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


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&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
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{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Q17: Allow each player a maximum of 1 &quot;Peek&quot; ability per game. Add option 'V' to the menu. When used, the current player selects a pile and previews the symbol of the second tile down in that pile without removing it. Subtract 1 from their available peeks.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
JO: Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
 // start change in Player Class
    protected int PeekAbility = 1;
    public virtual bool Peek()
    {
        if (PeekAbility  == 1)
        {
            PeekAbility--;
            return true;
        }
        else
        {
            return false;
        }
    }
    // end change
   while (GameOver == false)
{
    string Choice = &quot;&quot;;
    while (Choice != &quot;T&quot;)
    {
        DisplayMenu();
        Choice = GetChoice();
        if (Choice == &quot;B&quot;)
        {
            DisplayBoard();
        }
        else if (Choice == &quot;D&quot;)
        {
            DisplayDiscard();
        }
        else if (Choice == &quot;S&quot;)
        {
            DisplayScores();
        }

        // start change
        else if (Choice == &quot;V&quot;)
        {
            DisplaySecondTile();
        }
        // end change
    }
            

   // start change in Class Game
    private void DisplaySecondTile()
    {
        if (Players[WhoseTurn].Peek() == true)
        {
            int PilePeek = ChoosePile();
            char TopTile = Board[PilePeek].GetSymbolOfTopTile();
            Board[PilePeek].Remove();
            Console.WriteLine(Board[PilePeek].GetSymbolOfTopTile());
            Board[PilePeek].Add(new Tile(TopTile, 0));
        }
        else
        {
            Console.WriteLine(&quot;Peek has already been used!&quot;);
        }
    }
    // end change
private void DisplayMenu()
{
    Console.WriteLine();
    Console.WriteLine();
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;MENU&quot;);
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;B. Display the board&quot;);
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;D. Display the discard&quot;);
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;T. Take turn&quot;);
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;S. Display scores&quot;);
    //start change
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;V. Peek at pile&quot;);
    //end change
    Console.WriteLine();
}


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Q18: Create a derived class TrapPile inheriting from Pile. If a matching pair of tiles is removed where either selected pile is a TrapPile, convert the score gain into a penalty (subtract points instead of adding).'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Q19:Modify Game to support non-square grids (e.g., Width \times Height = 20 piles total). Replace GridSize with GridWidth and GridHeight. Update GetIndex(x, y) and DisplayBoard() accordingly.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Q20: Create a MoveLog class to track turn events. Record player name, chosen pile coordinates, matched symbols, and points earned. Add menu option 'H' to print a structured text table summarizing all completed turns in the current game session.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
== Section D: Issues with the Code and Fixes : ==

=== '''Issue 1: When entering a choice, the way the program detects what choice the player has inputted is case sensitive. Entering ‘b’ rather than ‘B’ will prompt the user to enter their choice again.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
// Start change
Choice = Console.ReadLine().ToUpper();
// end change

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
# Start change
Choice = input(f&quot;{self.__Players[self.__WhoseTurn].GetName()}, enter your choice: &quot;).upper()
# End change

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


=== '''Issue 2: The program allows the user to enter x and y coordinates out of the 1-6 range'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
// Start change
while (x&gt;6 || x&lt;1 || y&gt;6 || y&lt;1)
{
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;Please enter within the range of 1-6&quot;);
    Console.Write(&quot;Enter x coordinate: &quot;);
    x = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
    Console.Write(&quot;Enter y coordinate: &quot;);
    y = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());

}
return GetIndex(x, y);
// end change


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire Edited to work with any grid size: OPGS - Kent
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
    def __ChoosePile(self):
        x = 0
        y = 0
        # -- Start Changes --
        while x&lt;1 or x&gt;self.__GridSize or y&lt;1 or y&gt;self.__GridSize:
            print()
            print(f&quot;For each coordinate enter a number between 1 and {self.__GridSize}&quot;)
            x = int(input(&quot;Enter x coordinate: &quot;))
            y = int(input(&quot;Enter y coordinate: &quot;))
            print()
            # -- End Changes --
        return self.__GetIndex(x, y)

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Issue 3: If player 1 and player 2 get the same score, the game ends and a tie isn't declared.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
// Start change
else if (Players[1].GetScore() == Players[0].GetScore())
{
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;The game is a tie.&quot;);
}
// end change


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}I stand to be corrected but I don't think this can actually happen. After a player gains points it checks to see if they reached the maximum before ending the game. If the other player had already reached the MaxScore it would have stopped on their turn.

Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
def PlayGame(self):
        #Code Omitted
        if self.__Players[0].GetScore() &gt; self.__Players[1].GetScore():
            print(f&quot;{self.__Players[0].GetName()} has won!&quot;)
        elif self.__Players[1].GetScore() &gt; self.__Players[0].GetScore():
            print(f&quot;{self.__Players[1].GetName()} has won!&quot;)
        # -- Start Changes --
        else:
            print(&quot;The game ends in a tie.&quot;)
        # -- End Changes --
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Issue 4: The program doesn’t display any error messages to the user when they choose the same pile.'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
int Pile1 = ChoosePile();
// START CHANGE
int Pile2 = ChoosePile();
while (Pile1 == Pile2)
{
     Console.WriteLine(&quot;Please input a different tile&quot;);
     Pile2 = ChoosePile();
}
// END CHANGE


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
def PlayGame(self):
            #Code Omitted
            Pile1 = self.__ChoosePile()
            Pile2 = self.__ChoosePile()
            while Pile1 == Pile2:
                # -- Start Changes --
                print(&quot;Pile 2 must be different to Pile 1&quot;)
                # -- End Changes
                Pile2 = self.__ChoosePile()
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}

=== '''Issue 5: If a letter which is not on the display menu is entered, there is no error message or a message to prompt the user to enter a valid letter'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
while (Choice.ToUpper() != &quot;T&quot;)
{
    DisplayMenu();
    Choice = GetChoice();
    if (Choice.ToUpper() == &quot;B&quot;)
    {
        DisplayBoard();
    }
    else if (Choice.ToUpper() == &quot;D&quot;)
    {
        DisplayDiscard();
    }
    else if (Choice.ToUpper() == &quot;S&quot;)
    {
        DisplayScores();
    }
    // CHANGE
    else if (Choice.ToUpper() != &quot;T&quot;)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(&quot;That is not a valid menu option.&quot;);
    }
    // END CHANGE
}


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

    def PlayGame(self):
        while self.__GameOver == False:
            Choice = &quot;&quot;
            while Choice != &quot;T&quot;:
                self.__DisplayMenu()
                Choice = self.__GetChoice()
                if Choice == &quot;B&quot;:
                    self.__DisplayBoard()
                elif Choice == &quot;D&quot;:
                    self.__DisplayDiscard()
                elif Choice == &quot;S&quot;:
                    self.__DisplayScores()
                # -- Start Changes -- 
                elif Choice != &quot;T&quot;:
                    print(&quot;Please enter a valid option&quot;)
                # -- End Changes --

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


=== '''Issue 6: Before the tiles are matched, the code should check if the pile is empty or the players turn is wasted'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
  int Pile1 = ChoosePile();
            // START Change
            while (Board[Pile1].Empty() == true)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(&quot;Empty tile&quot;);
                Pile1 = ChoosePile();
            }
            int Pile2 = ChoosePile();
            while (Board[Pile2].Empty() == true)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(&quot;Empty Tile&quot;);
                Pile2 = ChoosePile();
            }
            // end change


else
{
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;You chose an empty pile&quot;);
    //player is given another turn if pile is empty
    //start change
    PlayGame();
    //end change
}


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
def PlayGame(self):
            #Code Omitted
            Pile1 = self.__ChoosePile()
            # -- Start Changes --
            while Pile1.Empty():
                print(&quot;Please pick a pile that isn't empty&quot;)
                Pile1=self.__ChoosePile
            Pile2 = self.__ChoosePile()
            while Pile2.Empty():
                print(&quot;Please pick a pile that isn't empty&quot;)
                Pile2=self.__ChoosePile()
            # -- End Changes --
            while Pile1 == Pile2:
                Pile2 = self.__ChoosePile()
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Issue 7: When invalid input is entered code crashes'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;

int x = 0, y = 0;
// CHANGE
try
{
    Console.Write(&quot;Enter x coordinate: &quot;);
    x = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
    Console.Write(&quot;Enter y coordinate: &quot;);
    y = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
    return GetIndex(x, y);
} catch (Exception)
{
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;Invalid input&quot;);
    ChoosePile();
}
// END CHANGE


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
=== '''Issue 8: When the game finishes, it does not display the scores of both users'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
//start change
if (Players[0].GetScore() &gt; Players[1].GetScore())
{
    Console.WriteLine($&quot;{Players[0].GetName()} has won! Score:&quot; + Players[0].GetScore());
}
else if (Players[1].GetScore() &gt; Players[0].GetScore())
{
    Console.WriteLine($&quot;{Players[1].GetName()} has won! Score:&quot; + Players[1].GetScore());
}
//end change


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}
{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
Caistor Grammar School - Lincolnshire
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
def PlayGame(self):
        #Code Omitted
        if self.__Players[0].GetScore() &gt; self.__Players[1].GetScore():
            print(f&quot;{self.__Players[0].GetName()} has won!&quot;)
            # -- Start Changes --
            self.__DisplayScores()
            # -- End Changes --
        elif self.__Players[1].GetScore() &gt; self.__Players[0].GetScore():
            print(f&quot;{self.__Players[1].GetName()} has won!&quot;)
            # -- Start Changes --
            self.__DisplayScores()
            # -- End Changes --
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}


=== '''Issue 9: The x coordinates can go above the boundary of 1-6'''===
{{CPTAnswerTab|C#}}
Coombe Wood School - South Croydon

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;C#&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
// CHANGE
try
{
    do
    {
        Console.Write(&quot;Enter x coordinate: &quot;);
        x = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());

        if (x &gt; GridSize || x &lt; 1)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(&quot;Out of bounds. Enter a value within the range of the grid.&quot;);
        }

    } while (x &gt; GridSize || x &lt; 1);

    do
    {
        Console.Write(&quot;Enter y coordinate: &quot;);
        y = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());

        if (y &gt; GridSize || y &lt; 1)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(&quot;Out of bounds. Enter a value within the range of the grid.&quot;);
        }

        return GetIndex(x, y);

    } while (y &gt; GridSize || y &lt; 1);
}
catch (Exception)
{
    Console.WriteLine(&quot;Invalid input&quot;);
    ChoosePile();
}
return 0;
// END CHANGE


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}{{CPTAnswerTab|Python}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;Python&quot; line=&quot;1&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
{{CPTAnswerTabEnd}}</text>
      <sha1>trr56emkucj2ngggdk8q3g8u8jlymtb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User talk:MathsScienceNerd1</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>485725</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4680050</id>
      <parentid>4677919</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-04T19:54:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kittycataclysm</username>
        <id>3371989</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Removing completion templates */ new section</comment>
      <origin>4680050</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3593" sha1="o5rdph12ys7ff3wxdro9mdkih2visis" xml:space="preserve">&lt;span style=&quot;top:-41px;left:250px;&quot;&gt;[[File:XPT GIF at speed.gif|100px]]&lt;/span&gt;
{{User:TechVindicator/QuickAccess}}
{{Talk header}}
==Welcome!==
Welcome, TechVindicator!
{| style=&quot;background:white; border:1px solid #abd5f5;; padding:0px; border-spacing:0px; color: #000000;&quot;
 ! style=&quot;background:#d0e5f5; color: #000000;&quot; | [[Wikibooks:Welcome|Getting started]] with Wikibooks
 |-
 | style=&quot;padding:5px;&quot; |
* Wikibooks is a collection of open-source textbooks. Find out [[WB:WIW|what this means]].
* To sign your name (on discussion pages), use four tildes, like this: &amp;#126;&amp;#126;&amp;#126;&amp;#126; 
* Learn how to [[Using Wikibooks|use Wikibooks]] and learn more about the community.
* [[WB:CCO|Explore]], [[Wikibooks:Be bold|be bold]], and have fun!
 |}

If you have any questions, you can ask in the [[Wikibooks:Reading room/Assistance|assistance reading room]] or possibly contact me personally.
[[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 10:22, 19 September 2026 (UTC)

== Welcome to the Cookbook ==

{{mbox
| type  =
| image = [[File:Foodlogo2.svg|40px]]
| imageright = 
| style =
| textstyle  = 
| text  = Hello and thank you for your recent contribution to the [[Cookbook:Table of Contents|Wikibooks Cookbook]]! When adding to the Cookbook, please make sure all content conforms to [[Cookbook:Policy|Cookbook policy]], including the [[Cookbook:Manual of Style|manual of style]] and standard page templates. Feel free to let me know if you need any help or have any questions! {{#ifeq: |||&lt;br&gt;'''Additional details:'''  }}
| small = 
| smallimage = 
| smallimageright = 
| smalltext  = 
}}

 
—[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:23, 21 September 2026 (UTC)

:@[[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] popping over again—could you please make sure that you're using the correct header titles on recipes? In particular, the instructions section should be titled &quot;Procedure&quot; and not &quot;Method&quot;. Thank you! —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 12:36, 23 October 2026 (UTC)
::Is this policy? As in the 'Procedure' and not 'Method'? Because they mean the same thing, at least for the Cookbook. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 12:47, 23 October 2026 (UTC)
:::Yes, this has been [[Cookbook:Policy/Recipe template|Cookbook policy]] for over 2 decades. Cheers —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 13:23, 23 October 2026 (UTC)

== Removing completion templates ==
Hi @[[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]]. Could you please explain why you are continuing to revert edits where I flag recipes as incomplete? In one of the last instances, you said {{tq|&quot;don't add incomplete template without prior information, this can be considered disruptive&quot;}}; however, this doesn't make sense to me. Recipes like this are patently incomplete based on the Cookbook standards, and this template has been in use for years to flag recipes that accordingly need improvements and detail how they can be improved. I cannot see how doing so is &quot;disruptive&quot;. Thank you! —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 19:54, 4 November 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>o5rdph12ys7ff3wxdro9mdkih2visis</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4680181</id>
      <parentid>4680050</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-05T10:47:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MathsScienceNerd1</username>
        <id>3626296</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Removing completion templates */ Reply</comment>
      <origin>4680181</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3948" sha1="lm4629v9j4xp3mlvhsxsmf71we4vwgt" xml:space="preserve">&lt;span style=&quot;top:-41px;left:250px;&quot;&gt;[[File:XPT GIF at speed.gif|100px]]&lt;/span&gt;
{{User:TechVindicator/QuickAccess}}
{{Talk header}}
==Welcome!==
Welcome, TechVindicator!
{| style=&quot;background:white; border:1px solid #abd5f5;; padding:0px; border-spacing:0px; color: #000000;&quot;
 ! style=&quot;background:#d0e5f5; color: #000000;&quot; | [[Wikibooks:Welcome|Getting started]] with Wikibooks
 |-
 | style=&quot;padding:5px;&quot; |
* Wikibooks is a collection of open-source textbooks. Find out [[WB:WIW|what this means]].
* To sign your name (on discussion pages), use four tildes, like this: &amp;#126;&amp;#126;&amp;#126;&amp;#126; 
* Learn how to [[Using Wikibooks|use Wikibooks]] and learn more about the community.
* [[WB:CCO|Explore]], [[Wikibooks:Be bold|be bold]], and have fun!
 |}

If you have any questions, you can ask in the [[Wikibooks:Reading room/Assistance|assistance reading room]] or possibly contact me personally.
[[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 10:22, 19 September 2026 (UTC)

== Welcome to the Cookbook ==

{{mbox
| type  =
| image = [[File:Foodlogo2.svg|40px]]
| imageright = 
| style =
| textstyle  = 
| text  = Hello and thank you for your recent contribution to the [[Cookbook:Table of Contents|Wikibooks Cookbook]]! When adding to the Cookbook, please make sure all content conforms to [[Cookbook:Policy|Cookbook policy]], including the [[Cookbook:Manual of Style|manual of style]] and standard page templates. Feel free to let me know if you need any help or have any questions! {{#ifeq: |||&lt;br&gt;'''Additional details:'''  }}
| small = 
| smallimage = 
| smallimageright = 
| smalltext  = 
}}

 
—[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:23, 21 September 2026 (UTC)

:@[[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] popping over again—could you please make sure that you're using the correct header titles on recipes? In particular, the instructions section should be titled &quot;Procedure&quot; and not &quot;Method&quot;. Thank you! —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 12:36, 23 October 2026 (UTC)
::Is this policy? As in the 'Procedure' and not 'Method'? Because they mean the same thing, at least for the Cookbook. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 12:47, 23 October 2026 (UTC)
:::Yes, this has been [[Cookbook:Policy/Recipe template|Cookbook policy]] for over 2 decades. Cheers —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 13:23, 23 October 2026 (UTC)

== Removing completion templates ==
Hi @[[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]]. Could you please explain why you are continuing to revert edits where I flag recipes as incomplete? In one of the last instances, you said {{tq|&quot;don't add incomplete template without prior information, this can be considered disruptive&quot;}}; however, this doesn't make sense to me. Recipes like this are patently incomplete based on the Cookbook standards, and this template has been in use for years to flag recipes that accordingly need improvements and detail how they can be improved. I cannot see how doing so is &quot;disruptive&quot;. Thank you! —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 19:54, 4 November 2026 (UTC)

:Hello {{ping|Kittycataclysm}}. Thank you for your message. Apologies for my actions, I should have read the explanation. You are free to revert my edits if necessary. Thank you! --[[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 10:47, 5 November 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>lm4629v9j4xp3mlvhsxsmf71we4vwgt</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wikibooks talk:Magazine/1</title>
    <ns>5</ns>
    <id>486595</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679992</id>
      <parentid>4679870</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-04T15:37:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Codename Noreste</username>
        <id>3441010</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Mass message */ reply to MathsScienceNerd1: [[Special:CreateMassMessageList]] is that way. (-) ([[mw:c:Special:MyLanguage/User:JWBTH/CD|CD]])</comment>
      <origin>4679992</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3661" sha1="71ll1hsyv23eyacnrfjyfjgujpxehpb" xml:space="preserve">Are there any ideas for the next Wikibooks Magazine? [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 08:00, 28 October 2026 (UTC)
:*Discontinuation of FlaggedRevs.  [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 08:03, 28 October 2026 (UTC)
:Snapshot of featured content (best case scenario, this changes from issue to issue). ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 16:46, 28 October 2026 (UTC)
:Admins lost/gained. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 16:47, 28 October 2026 (UTC)
:Interviews, overviews of projects (WikiJunior, Cookbook). ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 16:47, 28 October 2026 (UTC)
:Spotlight on featured content. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 16:47, 28 October 2026 (UTC)
: Maybe we can encourage active, highly trusted patrollers to become administrators? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 23:26, 28 October 2026 (UTC)
::That could be added! Are you willing to write a piece about it? [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 11:44, 29 October 2026 (UTC)
::: Probably, but I would write it in an neutral, albeit encouraging tone. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:26, 29 October 2026 (UTC)
:If there's ever enough information about it, any technical changes to the site. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 22:20, 30 October 2026 (UTC)
:: I can write such technical changes to the magazine. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 23:36, 30 October 2026 (UTC)

== Mass message ==
Should we create a mass message list for interested users ([[Wikibooks:Magazine/Delivery list]]), or would that become a magazine published in the reading room? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 15:55, 3 November 2026 (UTC)

:Yes, that would be a good idea. That way, users can get more information regarding the magazine. Is that perhaps possible? --[[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 01:42, 4 November 2026 (UTC)
:: [[Special:CreateMassMessageList]] is that way. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 15:37, 4 November 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>71ll1hsyv23eyacnrfjyfjgujpxehpb</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>User:RISHILPU/sandbox</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
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    <revision>
      <id>4680106</id>
      <parentid>4679717</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-05T05:10:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>RISHILPU</username>
        <id>3629676</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Added some content about Analog pulse.</comment>
      <origin>4680106</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="8081" sha1="p8j51jg1mawlnv7dssiwi1jikrnyzn9" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Delete|example=false|Encyclopedic articles belong at [[w:|Wikipedia]]}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;

== Pulse Code Modulation – PCM ==
Pulse Code Modulation (PCM), also known as baseband transmission, converts an input analog signal into a digital format and transmits it over a digital communication channel.

It consists of the following:

Band-limiting the input analog signal Sampling Quantization Analog-to-digital (A/D) conversion Signal shaping.

[[File:Pcm-zh-cn.svg|thumb|289x289px|Pulse Code Modulation]]

=== Introduction ===
Analog Voice data must be translated into a series of binary digits before they can be transmitted.With Pulse Code Modulation,the amplitude of the sound wave is sampled at regular intervals and translated into a binary number.The difference between the original analog singnal and the translated digitial signal is called quantizing error.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2019-09-25 |title=Difference between Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) and Delta Modulation (DM) |url=https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/computer-networks/difference-between-pulse-code-modulation-pcm-and-delta-modulation-dm/ |access-date=2026-10-30 |website=GeeksforGeeks |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |title=Pulse-code modulation |date=2026-10-02 |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pulse-code_modulation&amp;oldid=1378024045 |work=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-11-03 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== PCM Processes ===
1)Filtering

2)Sampling

3)Quantization

4)Encoding

==== 1)Sampling ====
Analog signal is sampled every T(sec).T(sec) is reffered to as the sampling interval.

&lt;math&gt;F_s=1/(t_s)
&lt;/math&gt;is called the sampling rate or sampling frequency.

there are 3 sampling methods.

'''1)Ideal'''

an impluse at each sampling instant

'''2)Natural'''

a pluse of short width with varying amplitude

'''3)Flattop''' 

sample and hold,like natural but with single amplitude value.

==== 2)Quantizing ====
The process of measuring the numerical values of the samples and giving them a table in a suitable scale.The finite number of amplitude intervals is called the quantizing interval like quantizing interval no.1 is 10-20mV;2 is 20-30mV etc. in a case of 1V signal.Linear quantizing is where the quantizing intervals are of the same size.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |last=Faruque |first=Saleh |title=Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) |date=2015 |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15609-5_4 |work=Radio Frequency Source Coding Made Easy |pages=65–90 |editor-last=Faruque |editor-first=Saleh |access-date=2026-10-30 |place=Cham |publisher=Springer International Publishing |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-15609-5_4 |isbn=978-3-319-15609-5}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Quantizer characteristic.png|thumb|Quantizing]]

Quantization intervals are coded in binary form, and so the quantization intervals will be in power of 2. In PCM bit code is used and so we can have 256 intervals for quantizing 128 levels the positive direction and 128 levels in negative direction.

=== Quantization Distortion ===
The deviation between the amplitude of sample set the transmitter and receiving ends. Linear quantization. The distortion is more into increase the distortion. The number of steps in the given amplitude range has to be increased. Due to BW limitations, more quantum levels in small magnitude region or planet results to non-linear uniform quantization.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |last=Faruque |first=Saleh |title=Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) |date=2015 |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15609-5_4 |work=Radio Frequency Source Coding Made Easy |pages=65–90 |editor-last=Faruque |editor-first=Saleh |access-date=2026-10-30 |place=Cham |publisher=Springer International Publishing |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-15609-5_4 |isbn=978-3-319-15609-5}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== PCM Standards ===
There are two standards of PCM, namely, There are two standards of PCM, namely, the European standard, the American stand

1)the European standard,

2) the American standard.

They differ likely in the detail of their working, but the principles are the same.

a)European PCM= 30 channels.

b)North American PCM = 24 channels.

c) Japanese PCM = 24 channels

In India, we follow the European PCM of 30 channels system working.

=== Bit Rate and Bandwidth Requirements of PCM ===
The bit rate of PCM signal can be calculated form the number of bites per samples &lt;math&gt;*&lt;/math&gt;The sampling rate

Bite rate=&lt;math&gt;n_b*f_s&lt;/math&gt;The bandwidth required to transmit. The signal depends on the type of line encoding used referred to previous section for discussion and formulas. A digital signal will always need more bandwidth than the original analog signal price pay for Robo bus sign other futures of digital transmission.

==== Advatages of PCM ====
a)Uniform transmission quality.

b)Compatibility of different classes of traffic in the network.

c)Integrated digital network.

d)Increased utilization of existing circuit.

e)Low manufacturing cost.

f)Good performance over very poor transmission paths.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Pulse Code Modulation - an overview {{!}} ScienceDirect Topics |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/computer-science/pulse-code-modulation |access-date=2026-10-30 |website=www.sciencedirect.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Definition of PCM and Its Overlap with ADCs ==
Prior to the sampling process, the low-pass filter is required in order to eliminate any possible aliasing of the input signal. The aliasing problem is a consequence of the situation where the signal has frequency components above half of the sampling rate, which makes such components “fold over.” The low-pass filter in question, which is called anti-aliasing filter, filters out all of the high-frequency components from the signal before sampling process. Finally, there are three basic steps that have to be performed for PCM coding, namely sampling, quantization and encoding.
[[File:Global Warming Predictions-fi.png|thumb|Pulse code Modulation&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Search media - Wikimedia Commons |url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?search=+PCM+system+diagram.&amp;title=Special:MediaSearch&amp;type=image |access-date=2026-11-03 |website=commons.wikimedia.org |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
If you are acquainted with the concepts of ADC, then you must be knowing by now that the process involved in the generation of PCM is very much similar to the ADC process. You must be wondering what the difference between PCM and analog-to-digital (A/D) conversion is. The resemblance between the two is such that Leon W. Couch in Digital and Analog Communication Systems defines PCM as.

=== 1)Analog Pulse Modulation ===
Analog pulse modulation occurs if there is variation in one of the pulse parameters which continuesin direct proportion with the instantaneous value of the sample.In an analog pulse modulation system, the amplitude, width, or position of the pulse variescontinuously with respect to the message amplitude at the sampling period. These variations give rise to the following three types of pulse modulation:

a)Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM)

b)Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)

c)Pulse Position Modulation (PPM)

=== A)Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM) ===
[[File:Pulse Amplitude Modulation - en.png|thumb|282x282px|Pulse Amplitude Modulation ]]
Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM) refers to a modulation scheme where there is an alteration in amplitude of discrete carrier signal according to the instantaneous amplitude of message signal(modulating signal).

=== B)Pulse Width Modulation(PWM) ===
[[File:Synchronized Pulse Width Modulation Waveforms for a Three Phase Current Source Inverter.JPG|thumb|Pulse Width Modulation]]
The modulation scheme where the width of the discrete carrier signal varies according to the instantaneous value of the modulating signal(message signal), with the amplitude and position of the carrier signal remaining unchanged, is known as PWM.

=== C)Pulse Position Modulation(PPM) ===
The pulse position modulation is the system where the position of the carrier signal varies depending on the instantaneous amplitude of the message signal and while the amplitude and the width of the carrier remain constant.


== Reference ==</text>
      <sha1>p8j51jg1mawlnv7dssiwi1jikrnyzn9</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4680107</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-11-05T05:12:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>RISHILPU</username>
        <id>3629676</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Added Links to the Images.</comment>
      <origin>4680107</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="8959" sha1="ag0fr3mw3pvf6qke2l0mocmhacp8ltx" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Delete|example=false|Encyclopedic articles belong at [[w:|Wikipedia]]}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;

== Pulse Code Modulation – PCM ==
Pulse Code Modulation (PCM), also known as baseband transmission, converts an input analog signal into a digital format and transmits it over a digital communication channel.

It consists of the following:

Band-limiting the input analog signal Sampling Quantization Analog-to-digital (A/D) conversion Signal shaping.

[[File:Pcm-zh-cn.svg|thumb|289x289px|Pulse Code Modulation]]

=== Introduction ===
Analog Voice data must be translated into a series of binary digits before they can be transmitted.With Pulse Code Modulation,the amplitude of the sound wave is sampled at regular intervals and translated into a binary number.The difference between the original analog singnal and the translated digitial signal is called quantizing error.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2019-09-25 |title=Difference between Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) and Delta Modulation (DM) |url=https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/computer-networks/difference-between-pulse-code-modulation-pcm-and-delta-modulation-dm/ |access-date=2026-10-30 |website=GeeksforGeeks |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |title=Pulse-code modulation |date=2026-10-02 |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pulse-code_modulation&amp;oldid=1378024045 |work=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-11-03 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== PCM Processes ===
1)Filtering

2)Sampling

3)Quantization

4)Encoding

==== 1)Sampling ====
Analog signal is sampled every T(sec).T(sec) is reffered to as the sampling interval.

&lt;math&gt;F_s=1/(t_s)
&lt;/math&gt;is called the sampling rate or sampling frequency.

there are 3 sampling methods.

'''1)Ideal'''

an impluse at each sampling instant

'''2)Natural'''

a pluse of short width with varying amplitude

'''3)Flattop''' 

sample and hold,like natural but with single amplitude value.

==== 2)Quantizing ====
The process of measuring the numerical values of the samples and giving them a table in a suitable scale.The finite number of amplitude intervals is called the quantizing interval like quantizing interval no.1 is 10-20mV;2 is 20-30mV etc. in a case of 1V signal.Linear quantizing is where the quantizing intervals are of the same size.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |last=Faruque |first=Saleh |title=Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) |date=2015 |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15609-5_4 |work=Radio Frequency Source Coding Made Easy |pages=65–90 |editor-last=Faruque |editor-first=Saleh |access-date=2026-10-30 |place=Cham |publisher=Springer International Publishing |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-15609-5_4 |isbn=978-3-319-15609-5}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Quantizer characteristic.png|thumb|Quantizing]]

Quantization intervals are coded in binary form, and so the quantization intervals will be in power of 2. In PCM bit code is used and so we can have 256 intervals for quantizing 128 levels the positive direction and 128 levels in negative direction.

=== Quantization Distortion ===
The deviation between the amplitude of sample set the transmitter and receiving ends. Linear quantization. The distortion is more into increase the distortion. The number of steps in the given amplitude range has to be increased. Due to BW limitations, more quantum levels in small magnitude region or planet results to non-linear uniform quantization.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |last=Faruque |first=Saleh |title=Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) |date=2015 |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15609-5_4 |work=Radio Frequency Source Coding Made Easy |pages=65–90 |editor-last=Faruque |editor-first=Saleh |access-date=2026-10-30 |place=Cham |publisher=Springer International Publishing |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-15609-5_4 |isbn=978-3-319-15609-5}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== PCM Standards ===
There are two standards of PCM, namely, There are two standards of PCM, namely, the European standard, the American stand

1)the European standard,

2) the American standard.

They differ likely in the detail of their working, but the principles are the same.

a)European PCM= 30 channels.

b)North American PCM = 24 channels.

c) Japanese PCM = 24 channels

In India, we follow the European PCM of 30 channels system working.

=== Bit Rate and Bandwidth Requirements of PCM ===
The bit rate of PCM signal can be calculated form the number of bites per samples &lt;math&gt;*&lt;/math&gt;The sampling rate

Bite rate=&lt;math&gt;n_b*f_s&lt;/math&gt;The bandwidth required to transmit. The signal depends on the type of line encoding used referred to previous section for discussion and formulas. A digital signal will always need more bandwidth than the original analog signal price pay for Robo bus sign other futures of digital transmission.

==== Advatages of PCM ====
a)Uniform transmission quality.

b)Compatibility of different classes of traffic in the network.

c)Integrated digital network.

d)Increased utilization of existing circuit.

e)Low manufacturing cost.

f)Good performance over very poor transmission paths.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Pulse Code Modulation - an overview {{!}} ScienceDirect Topics |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/computer-science/pulse-code-modulation |access-date=2026-10-30 |website=www.sciencedirect.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Definition of PCM and Its Overlap with ADCs ==
Prior to the sampling process, the low-pass filter is required in order to eliminate any possible aliasing of the input signal. The aliasing problem is a consequence of the situation where the signal has frequency components above half of the sampling rate, which makes such components “fold over.” The low-pass filter in question, which is called anti-aliasing filter, filters out all of the high-frequency components from the signal before sampling process. Finally, there are three basic steps that have to be performed for PCM coding, namely sampling, quantization and encoding.
[[File:Global Warming Predictions-fi.png|thumb|Pulse code Modulation&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Search media - Wikimedia Commons |url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?search=+PCM+system+diagram.&amp;title=Special:MediaSearch&amp;type=image |access-date=2026-11-03 |website=commons.wikimedia.org |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
If you are acquainted with the concepts of ADC, then you must be knowing by now that the process involved in the generation of PCM is very much similar to the ADC process. You must be wondering what the difference between PCM and analog-to-digital (A/D) conversion is. The resemblance between the two is such that Leon W. Couch in Digital and Analog Communication Systems defines PCM as.

=== 1)Analog Pulse Modulation ===
Analog pulse modulation occurs if there is variation in one of the pulse parameters which continuesin direct proportion with the instantaneous value of the sample.In an analog pulse modulation system, the amplitude, width, or position of the pulse variescontinuously with respect to the message amplitude at the sampling period. These variations give rise to the following three types of pulse modulation:

a)Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM)

b)Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)

c)Pulse Position Modulation (PPM)

=== A)Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM) ===
[[File:Pulse Amplitude Modulation - en.png|thumb|282x282px|Pulse Amplitude Modulation&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Q81411358 |last2=Viaf: 106162365724425460032 |last3=Isni: 0000000503546620 |last4=Orcid: 0000-0003-2963-8799 |last5=ABO-3744-2022 |first5=ResearcherID: |last6=no2025040413 |first6=LCCN: |last7=WorldCat |date=2018-05-14 |title=File:Pulse Amplitude Modulation - en.png - Wikibooks, open books for an open world |url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pulse_Amplitude_Modulation_-_en.png |access-date=2026-11-05 |website=commons.wikimedia.org |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; ]]
Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM) refers to a modulation scheme where there is an alteration in amplitude of discrete carrier signal according to the instantaneous amplitude of message signal(modulating signal).

=== B)Pulse Width Modulation(PWM) ===
[[File:Synchronized Pulse Width Modulation Waveforms for a Three Phase Current Source Inverter.JPG|thumb|Pulse Width Modulation&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2013-07-25 |title=File:Synchronized Pulse Width Modulation Waveforms for a Three Phase Current Source Inverter.JPG - Wikibooks, open books for an open world |url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Synchronized_Pulse_Width_Modulation_Waveforms_for_a_Three_Phase_Current_Source_Inverter.JPG |access-date=2026-11-05 |website=commons.wikimedia.org |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
The modulation scheme where the width of the discrete carrier signal varies according to the instantaneous value of the modulating signal(message signal), with the amplitude and position of the carrier signal remaining unchanged, is known as PWM.

=== C)Pulse Position Modulation(PPM) ===
The pulse position modulation is the system where the position of the carrier signal varies depending on the instantaneous amplitude of the message signal and while the amplitude and the width of the carrier remain constant.


== Reference ==</text>
      <sha1>ag0fr3mw3pvf6qke2l0mocmhacp8ltx</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:Srijan Srivastavaa/sandbox</title>
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        <id>3629889</id>
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      <comment>Complete content</comment>
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      <text bytes="28561" sha1="k8x9k7b7jb25mnbfsrc16sfwb86w2by" xml:space="preserve">== ESP32-S3 super mini microcontroller ==
[[File:ESP32-S3-SUPER-MINI PINOUT.png|thumb|ESP32-S3-SUPER-MINI PINOUT as provided by &quot;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://www.espboards.dev/esp32/esp32-s3-super-mini/&lt;/nowiki&gt;&quot;]]
The ESP32-S3 Super Mini is a compact, low-cost development board based on Espressif's ESP32-S3 dual-core microcontroller. Operating at up to 240 MHz, it integrates 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi, Bluetooth 5 Low Energy (BLE), configurable GPIOs, and native USB functionality.

The board supports multiple communication protocols, including UART, SPI, I²C, and I²S, making it suitable for interfacing with displays, sensors, motors, and other electronic peripherals. It also features 12-bit ADC functionality, capacitive touch sensing, and vector instructions that accelerate lightweight machine-learning and digital signal-processing operations.

Compatible with Arduino IDE, ESP-IDF, and MicroPython, the ESP32-S3 Super Mini is widely suited for IoT devices, robotics, wearable electronics, interactive displays, wireless controllers, and compact edge-AI applications.

Its small form factor, processing capabilities, and wireless connectivity make it a versatile platform for embedded-system prototyping and development
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|+Specifications on ESP32-S3-SUPER-MINI
!PARAMETERS
!SPECIFICATIONS
|-
|Microcontroller
|ESP32-S3
|-
|Processor Architecture
|32-bit Xtensa LX7
|-
|CPU cores
|Dual-core
|-
|Maximum clock speed
|240MHz
|-
|Wi-Fi
|2.4GHz, IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
|-
|Bluetooth
|Bluetooth 5 LE
|-
|Operating Voltage
|3.3V logic
|-
|USB connector
|Usually USB Type-C
|-
|ADC resolution
|Up to 12-bit
|-
|GPIO 
|Depends on boards
|-
|PWM
|LED PWM controller
|-
|Communication
|UART, SPI, I2C, I2S
|-
|Programming
|Arduino IDE, ESP-IDF, MicroPython
|-
|Operating Temperature
|Depends on the module and board configuration
|}

=== 1. Processing Architecture ===
The ESP32-S3 uses a dual-core Xtensa LX7 processor architecture.

Both cores can execute instructions independently, allowing computational tasks to be distributed across the processor.

For example, in an interactive embedded device:

* Core 0 can handle communication, sensor readings, and background tasks.
* Core 1 can handle display updates, animation processing, and application logic.

This division is conceptual; actual task allocation depends on the firmware and operating system.

The processor supports clock frequencies of up to 240 MHz, providing sufficient computational performance for many real-time embedded applications.

=== Memory Architecture ===
Memory plays an important role in determining the complexity of applications that can run on the ESP32-S3.
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+
!Memory Type
!Description
|-
|Internal SRAM
|Used for program data, variables, stacks, and runtime operations
|-
|ROM
|Stores essential system routines and bootloader-related functionality
|-
|External Flash
|Stores firmware, application code, and persistent data
|-
|PSRAM
|Optional external memory for larger buffers and memory-intensive applications
|}
The amount of external flash and PSRAM depends on the specific board variant.

Important distinction: Not every ESP32-S3 Super Mini includes PSRAM. A board with 16 MB flash does not necessarily have 16 MB PSRAM.

=== AI and signal-processing capabilities ===
One of the notable features of the ESP32-S3 is its support for vector instructions that accelerate neural-network computations and digital signal processing.

These instructions can improve the performance of operations such as:

* Matrix multiplication.
* Vector operations.
* Image-processing algorithms.
* Audio signal processing.
* Quantized neural-network inference.

Espressif provides optimized libraries such as:

* ESP-NN – optimized neural-network operations.
* ESP-DSP – digital signal-processing functions.
* ESP-WHO – computer vision and human-detection framework.
* ESP-Skainet – speech recognition and audio-related applications.

The ESP32-S3 is not a replacement for a dedicated GPU or a high-performance AI processor. However, it can execute lightweight machine-learning models, particularly quantized models designed for microcontrollers.

== Pin Configuration and GPIO Architecture ==
GPIO (General Purpose Input/Output) pins allow the ESP32-S3 to interact with external electronic components.

The ESP32-S3 chip supports up to 45 programmable GPIOs, but the actual number available on the Super Mini development board is lower because some pins are reserved for internal memory, USB, boot configuration, or are simply not exposed.

=== GPIO functionality ===
GPIO pins can be configured to perform multiple functions depending on the application.
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!GPIO function
!Description
|-
|Digital Input
|Reads HIGH or LOW signals from external components
|-
|Digital Output
|Controls LEDs, relays, and digital circuits
|-
|ADC
|Reads analog voltage levels
|-
|PWM
|Generates pulse-width-modulated signals
|-
|Touch Input
|Detects capacitive touch
|-
|UART
|Serial communication
|-
|SPI
|High-speed synchronous serial communication
|-
|I²C
|Two-wire communication with peripherals
|-
|I²S
|Digital audio communication
|-
|RMT
|Generates and receives precisely timed signals
|}
The ESP32-S3 uses a GPIO matrix, allowing many peripheral signals to be routed to different compatible GPIO pins instead of requiring every peripheral to use a fixed pin.

This flexibility is particularly useful when designing compact embedded systems.

=== Digital input and output ===
Digital GPIO pins operate using 3.3 V logic.

A digital input can detect two states:

* HIGH: Logic 1.
* LOW: Logic 0.

Digital outputs can control external devices such as:

* LEDs.
* Buzzers.
* Transistors.
* MOSFET driver circuits.
* Digital sensors.
* Motor-driver input pins.

Example Arduino code:
 &lt;code&gt;#define LED_PIN 2
 
 void setup() {
     pinMode(LED_PIN, OUTPUT);
 }
 
 void loop() {
     digitalWrite(LED_PIN, HIGH);
     delay(1000);
 
     digitalWrite(LED_PIN, LOW);
     delay(1000);
 }&lt;/code&gt;
The selected GPIO must be supported and exposed by the particular board revision.

=== Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) ===
The ESP32-S3 includes a 12-bit SAR ADC that converts analog voltage signals into digital values.

With 12-bit resolution, the theoretical digital output range is:

\[ 2^{12}=4096 \]

Therefore, the ADC produces values between 0 and 4095.

ADC functionality can be used with:

* Potentiometers.
* Analog temperature sensors.
* Light-dependent resistors (LDR).
* Analog gas sensors.
* Battery voltage measurement circuits.
* Analog pressure sensors.

Example:
 &lt;code&gt;#define SENSOR_PIN 1
 
 void setup() {
     Serial.begin(115200);
 }
 
 void loop() {
     int value = analogRead(SENSOR_PIN);
 
     Serial.println(value);
 
     delay(500);
 }&lt;/code&gt;
The actual voltage measurement depends on ADC attenuation, calibration, input range, and board configuration. A voltage divider may be necessary when measuring voltages above the permitted GPIO input range.

=== 3.4 Capacitive touch sensing ===
The ESP32-S3 includes an integrated capacitive touch-sensing peripheral.

Unlike conventional mechanical buttons, capacitive touch sensing detects changes in electrical capacitance caused by the presence of a finger or another conductive object.

The ESP32-S3 supports up to 14 touch channels, depending on the chip configuration and GPIO availability.

PCB Layout Design - ESP32-S3 - — ESP Hardware Design Guidelines latest documentation

docs.espressif.com

A conductive pad connected to a supported touch GPIO can act as a touch-sensitive area.

This is useful for:

* Touch-sensitive buttons.
* Touch-enabled control panels.
* Interactive keychains.
* Proximity detection.
* Touch-based user interfaces.

An external touch controller such as the TTP223 is not necessarily required.

However, the electrode size, PCB layout, surrounding ground planes, enclosure material, and environmental noise affect touch sensitivity.

For example, a copper electrode placed behind a 2–3 mm plastic enclosure may detect a finger, but the result depends on the electrode geometry and plastic properties. Calibration and testing are recommended.

== Communication Interfaces ==
The ESP32-S3 Super Mini supports several hardware communication interfaces that allow it to communicate with external sensors, displays, storage devices, and other microcontrollers.

=== UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter) ===
UART is an asynchronous serial communication protocol that transmits data between two devices using dedicated TX and RX signals.

Chapter 3: Human Interfaces

users.ece.utexas.edu

The primary connections are:
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!ESP32-S3
!External device
|-
|TX
|RX
|-
|RX
|TX
|-
|GND
|GND
|}
UART is commonly used for:

* Communication with GPS modules.
* Serial debugging.
* Communication with other microcontrollers.
* Bluetooth and cellular modules.
* Serial command interfaces.

Example:
 &lt;code&gt;void setup() {
     Serial.begin(115200);
 
     Serial1.begin(
         9600,
         SERIAL_8N1,
         5,
         6
     );
 }
 
 void loop() {
     if (Serial1.available()) {
         String data = Serial1.readString();
 
         Serial.println(data);
     }
 }&lt;/code&gt;
The example assigns GPIO5 as RX and GPIO6 as TX. These are illustrative choices, not mandatory UART pins.

=== SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) ===
SPI is a synchronous serial communication protocol used for relatively high-speed communication between a controller and peripheral devices.

It generally uses four signals:
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Signal
!Function
|-
|MOSI
|Master Out, Slave In
|-
|MISO
|Master In, Slave Out
|-
|SCLK
|Serial Clock
|-
|CS
|Chip Select
|}
LCD Introduction - - — ESP-IoT-Solution latest documentation

docs.espressif.com

SPI is particularly useful for connecting:

* TFT LCD displays.
* SD card modules.
* External flash memory.
* High-speed ADCs.
* Digital sensors.

For example, an SPI-based ILI9341 TFT display can be connected to the ESP32-S3 to create a graphical user interface with animations, icons, and interactive menus.

=== I²C (Inter-Integrated Circuit) ===
I²C is a two-wire synchronous communication protocol that allows multiple devices to share the same communication bus.

The two signals are:

* SDA – Serial Data.
* SCL – Serial Clock.

Support I2C Communication - MATLAB &amp; Simulink

mathworks.com

Each I²C device generally has a unique address, allowing multiple peripherals to communicate over the same bus.

Common applications include:

* OLED displays.
* Temperature sensors.
* Accelerometers.
* Gyroscopes.
* Heart-rate sensors.
* Environmental sensors.

Example:
 &lt;code&gt;#include &lt;Wire.h&gt;
 
 #define SDA_PIN 8
 #define SCL_PIN 9
 
 void setup() {
     Serial.begin(115200);
 
     Wire.begin(SDA_PIN, SCL_PIN);
 }
 
 void loop() {
     Serial.println(&quot;I2C initialized&quot;);
 
     delay(1000);
 }&lt;/code&gt;
The SDA and SCL pins are configurable. The actual pins should be selected according to the board's pinout and existing hardware connections.

=== I²S (Integrated Inter-IC Sound) ===
I²S is a digital audio communication interface designed for transferring audio samples between integrated circuits.

It is useful for:

* Digital microphones.
* Audio amplifiers.
* Audio codecs.
* Digital-to-analog converters.
* Audio recording and playback systems.

The ESP32-S3 can use I²S peripherals to receive or transmit digital audio data.

For example, an I²S microphone can capture audio, which can then be processed locally or transmitted over Wi-Fi.

=== USB interface ===
One of the major advantages of the ESP32-S3 over several earlier ESP32 variants is its integrated USB functionality.

The chip provides:

# USB 2.0 Full-Speed OTG interface.
# USB Serial/JTAG controller.

The USB interface can support:

* Firmware uploading.
* Serial communication.
* USB debugging.
* USB device applications.
* HID device emulation.

On the Super Mini, a USB Type-C connector is generally used to provide physical access to USB signals.

Important: USB Type-C describes the connector, not the communication protocol. Some development boards route the connector to the ESP32-S3's native USB pins, while others use an external USB-to-UART bridge. The actual implementation must be checked for the specific board.

== Wireless Connectivity ==
Wireless communication is one of the primary reasons for using the ESP32-S3 in IoT and portable embedded systems.

=== Wi-Fi ===
The ESP32-S3 supports 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi using IEEE 802.11 b/g/n standards.

Wi-Fi allows the board to communicate with local networks, internet-connected servers, and other network-enabled devices.

Common applications include:

* Web servers.
* IoT monitoring systems.
* Wireless control panels.
* Cloud-connected sensors.
* OTA firmware updates.
* Wireless data logging.

Example: Connecting to a Wi-Fi network.
 &lt;code&gt;#include &lt;WiFi.h&gt;
 
 const char* ssid = &quot;YOUR_WIFI&quot;;
 const char* password = &quot;YOUR_PASSWORD&quot;;
 
 void setup() {
     Serial.begin(115200);
 
     WiFi.begin(ssid, password);
 
     while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
         delay(500);
         Serial.print(&quot;.&quot;);
     }
 
     Serial.println(&quot;\nConnected!&quot;);
 
     Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());
 }
 
 void loop() {
 }&lt;/code&gt;

=== Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) ===
The ESP32-S3 supports Bluetooth 5 Low Energy (BLE).

BLE is designed for low-power wireless communication between nearby devices.

It is particularly useful for applications where continuous Wi-Fi connectivity is unnecessary.

Examples include:

* Wireless sensor networks.
* Smart wearables.
* Mobile application connectivity.
* Proximity-based interactions.
* Wireless configuration.
* Device identification and discovery.

BLE communication commonly uses the Generic Attribute Profile (GATT), which defines services and characteristics through which devices exchange data.

Limitation: The ESP32-S3 supports BLE but does not support Bluetooth Classic. Applications requiring Bluetooth Classic audio profiles such as A2DP need a different hardware platform.

== Power Supply and Power Management ==
The ESP32-S3 Super Mini is designed to operate using a regulated 3.3 V supply at the microcontroller.

Most development board variants include an onboard voltage regulator that allows the board to receive power through its USB Type-C connector.

=== Power input options ===
Common power sources include:

* USB Type-C power supply.
* Regulated 5 V external supply through the designated 5 V input.
* Regulated 3.3 V supply through the appropriate 3.3 V rail.

The exact power-input arrangement depends on the board's regulator and PCB design.

=== Battery operation ===
The ESP32-S3 Super Mini can be used in battery-powered applications.

A single-cell lithium-polymer (LiPo) battery typically has:
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Parameter
!Typical value
|-
|Nominal voltage
|3.7 V
|-
|Fully charged voltage
|4.2 V
|-
|Discharged voltage
|Depends on battery protection and cutoff
|}
A LiPo battery must not be connected directly to a 3.3 V GPIO or an unverified 3.3 V input.

A suitable power-management circuit is required to provide the correct voltage to the board.

Possible arrangements include:

* A 3.3 V buck-boost regulator.
* A suitable battery charging and power-management IC.
* A regulated 5 V boost converter feeding the board's 5 V input.

Battery charging should be handled by a dedicated charging circuit with appropriate protection.

=== Power consumption ===
Power consumption depends on the operating mode, clock frequency, peripheral usage, Wi-Fi activity, BLE activity, and external components.
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Operating mode
!General power behaviour
|-
|Active processing
|Relatively high consumption
|-
|Wi-Fi transmission
|High current demand
|-
|BLE advertising
|Generally lower than active Wi-Fi
|-
|Light sleep
|Reduced consumption
|-
|Deep sleep
|Significantly reduced consumption
|}
For battery-operated devices, deep sleep can be used to reduce power consumption between periodic operations.

For example, a wireless temperature-monitoring device could wake periodically, read a sensor, transmit the data, and return to deep sleep.

Design consideration: Wi-Fi transmission can produce short-duration current peaks. The power supply must be able to handle these peaks without causing voltage drops or unexpected resets.

== Onboard Hardware Components ==
The Super Mini is not simply an ESP32-S3 chip mounted on a PCB. It includes additional components required for normal development and operation.

=== USB Type-C connector ===
The USB Type-C connector is used for:

* Supplying power to the development board.
* Uploading firmware.
* Serial communication.
* Native USB functionality, if properly routed.

The connector's presence does not guarantee that every USB feature is supported by the particular board.

=== Voltage regulator ===
The onboard voltage regulator converts the input voltage into a regulated supply suitable for the ESP32-S3.

For example, when powered through a compatible 5 V USB input, the regulator supplies the required 3.3 V rail.

The regulator's current capacity and thermal characteristics vary across manufacturers.

=== PCB antenna ===
The board generally features a small onboard PCB antenna for Wi-Fi and BLE communication.

The antenna allows wireless communication without requiring a separate external antenna.

For better RF performance:

* Avoid placing large metal objects close to the antenna.
* Avoid covering the antenna area with conductive materials.
* Maintain adequate antenna clearance when designing a custom enclosure.
* Avoid placing batteries or metal shields directly over the antenna.

=== Boot and reset controls ===
Depending on the board version, the Super Mini may provide BOOT and RESET buttons.

BOOT button: Used to enter the ROM download mode for firmware programming and recovery.

RESET button: Restarts the microcontroller.

On many ESP32-S3 implementations, holding GPIO0 LOW while resetting the chip enters download mode.

== Development Environments and Programming ==
The ESP32-S3 Super Mini supports multiple development environments, making it suitable for beginners as well as experienced embedded-system developers.

=== Arduino IDE ===
Arduino IDE is one of the most accessible environments for programming the ESP32-S3.

It provides a simplified programming interface, extensive library support, and a large collection of community-developed examples.

Setup procedure:

# Download and install Arduino IDE.
# Open Preferences.
# Add the Espressif ESP32 board package URL to Additional Boards Manager URLs.
# Open Boards Manager.
# Search for ESP32 and install the Espressif board package.
# Connect the Super Mini using a USB data cable.
# Select the ESP32-S3 Dev Module board profile.
# Select the appropriate COM port.
# Compile and upload the firmware.

Typical board configuration for a generic ESP32-S3 Super Mini:
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Setting
!Configuration
|-
|Board
|ESP32S3 Dev Module
|-
|USB CDC On Boot
|Enabled, when using native USB serial
|-
|CPU Frequency
|240 MHz
|-
|Flash Size
|Match the installed flash
|-
|PSRAM
|Match the installed PSRAM
|-
|USB Mode
|Match the board's USB routing
|-
|Upload Mode
|Match the selected USB interface
|}
These are starting points, not universal settings. Flash size, PSRAM, USB mode, and pin configuration must be verified against the actual hardware.

=== ESP-IDF ===
ESP-IDF is the official development framework provided by Espressif.

It offers greater control over hardware resources and system-level operations than the simplified Arduino environment.

Features include:

* FreeRTOS task management.
* Peripheral driver configuration.
* Wi-Fi and BLE stack management.
* Memory allocation and debugging.
* Power management.
* Secure boot and flash encryption.
* USB device development.

ESP-IDF is particularly useful for complex embedded applications requiring precise control over hardware and software resources.

=== MicroPython ===
MicroPython is a Python implementation designed for microcontrollers.

It allows developers to write embedded applications using Python syntax rather than C or C++.

It can be used for:

* GPIO control.
* Sensor readings.
* Basic IoT applications.
* Serial communication.
* Rapid prototyping.

However, applications requiring intensive processing, precise real-time control, or extensive hardware optimization may benefit more from ESP-IDF or Arduino-based development.

== Interfacing External Hardware ==
The ESP32-S3 Super Mini can communicate with a wide range of electronic components.

Some common examples are described below.

=== TFT LCD displays ===
SPI-based TFT displays can be connected to the board to create graphical interfaces.

Popular display controllers include:

* ST7735.
* ST7789.
* ILI9341.
* GC9A01.

These displays can be used for animations, menus, graphics, real-time sensor information, and interactive applications.

The ESP32-S3's processing power and SPI interface make it suitable for graphical applications, although available RAM and display resolution affect performance.

=== Sensors ===
MPU-6050 3-Axis Accelerometer and Gyroscope Sensor Module

Temperature, humidity, pressure and gas sensor - BME688 - SPI/I2C - STEMMA QT/Qwiic - Adafruit 

The board supports different sensor interfaces, including I²C, SPI, UART, and ADC.

Examples include:
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Sensor
!Function
!Interface
|-
|MAX30102
|Heart-rate and SpO₂ sensing
|I²C
|-
|MPU6050
|Accelerometer and gyroscope
|I²C
|-
|BME688
|Environmental sensing
|I²C/SPI
|-
|MLX90614
|Infrared temperature measurement
|I²C
|-
|HC-SR04
|Ultrasonic distance measurement
|GPIO
|-
|Analog LDR
|Light intensity measurement
|ADC
|}
The board can process readings locally and transmit the collected information through Wi-Fi or BLE.

=== Motors and actuators ===
Simple 2 Wheel ESP32 Robot Using the TB6612FNG Dual Motor Controller : 6 Steps - Instructables

instructables.com

The ESP32-S3 can control motors through external driver circuits.

It can generate PWM signals and digital control signals for:

* DC motors.
* Servo motors.
* Stepper motors.
* Brushless motor controllers.
* Solenoids.

Motor drivers such as TB6612FNG and DRV8833 can be used to control DC motors.

Motors must not be connected directly to GPIO pins. They require appropriate driver circuitry and a separate power supply where necessary.

=== Audio modules ===
Tutorial: Building an AI Assistant with ESP32-S3

ricardogonzalez.substack.com

Using its I²S interface, the ESP32-S3 can connect to digital microphones and audio amplifiers.

Examples include:

* INMP441 digital microphone.
* MAX98357A I²S amplifier.
* External I²S audio codecs.

These components enable audio recording, voice interfaces, sound detection, and audio playback applications.

== USB Communication and Device-to-Device Interaction ==
The ESP32-S3's native USB functionality makes it particularly useful in projects that require direct communication with computers and other USB-capable devices.

=== Native USB support ===
The ESP32-S3 integrates a USB 2.0 Full-Speed OTG controller and USB Serial/JTAG functionality.

The native USB interface can support USB device classes such as:

* USB CDC (serial communication).
* USB HID (Human Interface Device).
* USB MIDI.
* USB MSC (Mass Storage Class), subject to software and implementation support.

=== USB communication between two ESP32-S3 boards ===
Two ESP32-S3 devices can potentially communicate using a USB connection, but this requires more than simply connecting their USB Type-C ports together.

The USB architecture involves two different roles:

* USB Host: Controls the USB connection and initiates communication.
* USB Device: Responds to the host and provides the requested USB functionality.

For direct device-to-device communication, one ESP32-S3 must implement a suitable USB Host function while the other operates as a USB Device.

An appropriate USB cable, host-capable power arrangement, and firmware implementation are also required.

Alternatively, UART, BLE, or Wi-Fi can be used for communication between two ESP32-S3 boards when USB host functionality is unnecessary.

== Boot Modes and Firmware Uploading ==
The ESP32-S3 supports different boot configurations, allowing it to execute application firmware or enter firmware download mode.

=== Normal boot mode ===
During normal operation, the ESP32-S3 loads the application firmware from external flash memory and starts executing it.

=== Download mode ===
Download mode is used to upload or recover firmware.

The general procedure is:

# Hold the BOOT button.
# Press and release RESET.
# Release BOOT.
# Connect to the appropriate USB programming interface.
# Upload the firmware.

The exact procedure may differ depending on the board's USB configuration and boot circuitry.

=== Firmware storage ===
The ESP32-S3 stores its application firmware in external flash memory.

The available storage is determined by the flash chip fitted to the development board.

Flash memory can store:

* Application firmware.
* Configuration data.
* Web resources.
* Filesystem data.
* Animation assets.
* Persistent user preferences.

For applications involving large image or animation assets, the available flash capacity and RAM should be considered during development.

== Advantages of ESP32-S3 Super Mini ==
The ESP32-S3 Super Mini offers several advantages for embedded-system development.

1. Compact size: Its miniature form factor makes it suitable for wearable electronics, portable devices, and small IoT products.

2. Dual-core processing: The dual-core processor supports multitasking and parallel execution of application tasks.

3. Wireless connectivity: Built-in Wi-Fi and BLE eliminate the need for separate wireless modules.

4. Native USB: USB functionality supports programming, debugging, and USB device applications.

5. Flexible GPIO: GPIO matrix functionality allows peripheral signals to be assigned to compatible pins.

6. Touch sensing: Integrated capacitive touch channels enable touch-based interfaces without necessarily requiring external touch controllers.

7. AI acceleration: Vector instructions improve the execution of supported machine-learning and signal-processing operations.

8. Development ecosystem: Compatibility with Arduino IDE, ESP-IDF, and MicroPython makes it accessible to developers with different experience levels.

9. Peripheral support: The board can interface with a variety of displays, sensors, actuators, and communication modules.

== Limitations and Design Considerations ==
Although the ESP32-S3 Super Mini is a capable development board, certain limitations should be considered before using it in a product.

=== Limited GPIO availability ===
The ESP32-S3 chip supports up to 45 programmable GPIOs, but the Super Mini exposes only a subset.

Some pins may also be occupied by flash, PSRAM, USB, or boot-related functions.

Therefore, the physical board pinout should always be checked before designing a circuit.

=== Limited RAM ===
The internal SRAM is 512 KB at the SoC level. Some memory is reserved for system operations, while the amount available to applications varies with firmware configuration.

Applications involving high-resolution graphics, large image buffers, or machine-learning models may require external PSRAM.

=== No Bluetooth Classic ===
The ESP32-S3 supports Bluetooth Low Energy but not Bluetooth Classic.

Therefore, it cannot directly implement conventional Bluetooth Classic audio profiles such as A2DP.

=== No integrated battery charger ===
The standard Super Mini development board should not be assumed to include a LiPo battery charging circuit.

A separate battery charging and protection system may be required.

=== 3.3 V GPIO limitations ===
The ESP32-S3 uses 3.3 V logic.

Its GPIO pins are not designed to tolerate 5 V signals directly.

External level-shifting circuitry should be used when interfacing with 5 V logic devices.

=== Thermal and power limitations ===
The small PCB limits heat dissipation compared with larger development boards.

High processor utilization, continuous wireless transmission, and external peripherals can increase power consumption and temperature.

An appropriate power supply and thermal design should be used.

=== Not a dedicated graphics processor ===
The ESP32-S3 can control color TFT displays and render animations, but it does not contain a dedicated GPU.

Complex graphics and high-resolution image processing may require optimization or external hardware.</text>
      <sha1>k8x9k7b7jb25mnbfsrc16sfwb86w2by</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679973</id>
      <parentid>4679971</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-04T14:59:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Srijan Srivastavaa</username>
        <id>3629889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>minor changes</comment>
      <origin>4679973</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="28208" sha1="4kmhv9k1yewa4m42b91yyl228cffqux" xml:space="preserve">== ESP32-S3 super mini microcontroller ==
[[File:ESP32-S3-SUPER-MINI PINOUT.png|thumb|ESP32-S3-SUPER-MINI PINOUT as provided by &quot;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://www.espboards.dev/esp32/esp32-s3-super-mini/&lt;/nowiki&gt;&quot;]]
The ESP32-S3 Super Mini is a compact, low-cost development board based on Espressif's ESP32-S3 dual-core microcontroller. Operating at up to 240 MHz, it integrates 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi, Bluetooth 5 Low Energy (BLE), configurable GPIOs, and native USB functionality.

The board supports multiple communication protocols, including UART, SPI, I²C, and I²S, making it suitable for interfacing with displays, sensors, motors, and other electronic peripherals. It also features 12-bit ADC functionality, capacitive touch sensing, and vector instructions that accelerate lightweight machine-learning and digital signal-processing operations.

Compatible with Arduino IDE, ESP-IDF, and MicroPython, the ESP32-S3 Super Mini is widely suited for IoT devices, robotics, wearable electronics, interactive displays, wireless controllers, and compact edge-AI applications.

Its small form factor, processing capabilities, and wireless connectivity make it a versatile platform for embedded-system prototyping and development
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|+Specifications on ESP32-S3-SUPER-MINI
!PARAMETERS
!SPECIFICATIONS
|-
|Microcontroller
|ESP32-S3
|-
|Processor Architecture
|32-bit Xtensa LX7
|-
|CPU cores
|Dual-core
|-
|Maximum clock speed
|240MHz
|-
|Wi-Fi
|2.4GHz, IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
|-
|Bluetooth
|Bluetooth 5 LE
|-
|Operating Voltage
|3.3V logic
|-
|USB connector
|Usually USB Type-C
|-
|ADC resolution
|Up to 12-bit
|-
|GPIO 
|Depends on boards
|-
|PWM
|LED PWM controller
|-
|Communication
|UART, SPI, I2C, I2S
|-
|Programming
|Arduino IDE, ESP-IDF, MicroPython
|-
|Operating Temperature
|Depends on the module and board configuration
|}

=== 1. Processing Architecture ===
The ESP32-S3 uses a dual-core Xtensa LX7 processor architecture.

Both cores can execute instructions independently, allowing computational tasks to be distributed across the processor.

For example, in an interactive embedded device:

* Core 0 can handle communication, sensor readings, and background tasks.
* Core 1 can handle display updates, animation processing, and application logic.

This division is conceptual; actual task allocation depends on the firmware and operating system.

The processor supports clock frequencies of up to 240 MHz, providing sufficient computational performance for many real-time embedded applications.

=== Memory Architecture ===
Memory plays an important role in determining the complexity of applications that can run on the ESP32-S3.
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+
!Memory Type
!Description
|-
|Internal SRAM
|Used for program data, variables, stacks, and runtime operations
|-
|ROM
|Stores essential system routines and bootloader-related functionality
|-
|External Flash
|Stores firmware, application code, and persistent data
|-
|PSRAM
|Optional external memory for larger buffers and memory-intensive applications
|}
The amount of external flash and PSRAM depends on the specific board variant.

Important distinction: Not every ESP32-S3 Super Mini includes PSRAM. A board with 16 MB flash does not necessarily have 16 MB PSRAM.

=== AI and signal-processing capabilities ===
One of the notable features of the ESP32-S3 is its support for vector instructions that accelerate neural-network computations and digital signal processing.

These instructions can improve the performance of operations such as:

* Matrix multiplication.
* Vector operations.
* Image-processing algorithms.
* Audio signal processing.
* Quantized neural-network inference.

Espressif provides optimized libraries such as:

* ESP-NN – optimized neural-network operations.
* ESP-DSP – digital signal-processing functions.
* ESP-WHO – computer vision and human-detection framework.
* ESP-Skainet – speech recognition and audio-related applications.

The ESP32-S3 is not a replacement for a dedicated GPU or a high-performance AI processor. However, it can execute lightweight machine-learning models, particularly quantized models designed for microcontrollers.

== Pin Configuration and GPIO Architecture ==
GPIO (General Purpose Input/Output) pins allow the ESP32-S3 to interact with external electronic components.

The ESP32-S3 chip supports up to 45 programmable GPIOs, but the actual number available on the Super Mini development board is lower because some pins are reserved for internal memory, USB, boot configuration, or are simply not exposed.

=== GPIO functionality ===
GPIO pins can be configured to perform multiple functions depending on the application.
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!GPIO function
!Description
|-
|Digital Input
|Reads HIGH or LOW signals from external components
|-
|Digital Output
|Controls LEDs, relays, and digital circuits
|-
|ADC
|Reads analog voltage levels
|-
|PWM
|Generates pulse-width-modulated signals
|-
|Touch Input
|Detects capacitive touch
|-
|UART
|Serial communication
|-
|SPI
|High-speed synchronous serial communication
|-
|I²C
|Two-wire communication with peripherals
|-
|I²S
|Digital audio communication
|-
|RMT
|Generates and receives precisely timed signals
|}
The ESP32-S3 uses a GPIO matrix, allowing many peripheral signals to be routed to different compatible GPIO pins instead of requiring every peripheral to use a fixed pin.

This flexibility is particularly useful when designing compact embedded systems.

=== Digital input and output ===
Digital GPIO pins operate using 3.3 V logic.

A digital input can detect two states:

* HIGH: Logic 1.
* LOW: Logic 0.

Digital outputs can control external devices such as:

* LEDs.
* Buzzers.
* Transistors.
* MOSFET driver circuits.
* Digital sensors.
* Motor-driver input pins.

Example Arduino code:
 &lt;code&gt;#define LED_PIN 2
 
 void setup() {
     pinMode(LED_PIN, OUTPUT);
 }
 
 void loop() {
     digitalWrite(LED_PIN, HIGH);
     delay(1000);
 
     digitalWrite(LED_PIN, LOW);
     delay(1000);
 }&lt;/code&gt;
The selected GPIO must be supported and exposed by the particular board revision.

=== Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) ===
The ESP32-S3 includes a 12-bit SAR ADC that converts analog voltage signals into digital values.

Therefore, the ADC produces values between 0 and 4095.

ADC functionality can be used with:

* Potentiometers.
* Analog temperature sensors.
* Light-dependent resistors (LDR).
* Analog gas sensors.
* Battery voltage measurement circuits.
* Analog pressure sensors.

Example:
 &lt;code&gt;#define SENSOR_PIN 1
 
 void setup() {
     Serial.begin(115200);
 }
 
 void loop() {
     int value = analogRead(SENSOR_PIN);
 
     Serial.println(value);
 
     delay(500);
 }&lt;/code&gt;
The actual voltage measurement depends on ADC attenuation, calibration, input range, and board configuration. A voltage divider may be necessary when measuring voltages above the permitted GPIO input range.

=== 3.4 Capacitive touch sensing ===
The ESP32-S3 includes an integrated capacitive touch-sensing peripheral.

Unlike conventional mechanical buttons, capacitive touch sensing detects changes in electrical capacitance caused by the presence of a finger or another conductive object.

The ESP32-S3 supports up to 14 touch channels, depending on the chip configuration and GPIO availability.

A conductive pad connected to a supported touch GPIO can act as a touch-sensitive area.

This is useful for:

* Touch-sensitive buttons.
* Touch-enabled control panels.
* Interactive keychains.
* Proximity detection.
* Touch-based user interfaces.

An external touch controller such as the TTP223 is not necessarily required.

However, the electrode size, PCB layout, surrounding ground planes, enclosure material, and environmental noise affect touch sensitivity.

For example, a copper electrode placed behind a 2–3 mm plastic enclosure may detect a finger, but the result depends on the electrode geometry and plastic properties. Calibration and testing are recommended.

== Communication Interfaces ==
The ESP32-S3 Super Mini supports several hardware communication interfaces that allow it to communicate with external sensors, displays, storage devices, and other microcontrollers.

=== UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter) ===
UART is an asynchronous serial communication protocol that transmits data between two devices using dedicated TX and RX signals.

Chapter 3: Human Interfaces

The primary connections are:
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!ESP32-S3
!External device
|-
|TX
|RX
|-
|RX
|TX
|-
|GND
|GND
|}
UART is commonly used for:

* Communication with GPS modules.
* Serial debugging.
* Communication with other microcontrollers.
* Bluetooth and cellular modules.
* Serial command interfaces.

Example:
 &lt;code&gt;void setup() {
     Serial.begin(115200);
 
     Serial1.begin(
         9600,
         SERIAL_8N1,
         5,
         6
     );
 }
 
 void loop() {
     if (Serial1.available()) {
         String data = Serial1.readString();
 
         Serial.println(data);
     }
 }&lt;/code&gt;
The example assigns GPIO5 as RX and GPIO6 as TX. These are illustrative choices, not mandatory UART pins.

=== SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) ===
SPI is a synchronous serial communication protocol used for relatively high-speed communication between a controller and peripheral devices.

It generally uses four signals:
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Signal
!Function
|-
|MOSI
|Master Out, Slave In
|-
|MISO
|Master In, Slave Out
|-
|SCLK
|Serial Clock
|-
|CS
|Chip Select
|}SPI is particularly useful for connecting:

* TFT LCD displays.
* SD card modules.
* External flash memory.
* High-speed ADCs.
* Digital sensors.

For example, an SPI-based ILI9341 TFT display can be connected to the ESP32-S3 to create a graphical user interface with animations, icons, and interactive menus.

=== I²C (Inter-Integrated Circuit) ===
I²C is a two-wire synchronous communication protocol that allows multiple devices to share the same communication bus.

The two signals are:

* SDA – Serial Data.
* SCL – Serial Clock.

Each I²C device generally has a unique address, allowing multiple peripherals to communicate over the same bus.

Common applications include:

* OLED displays.
* Temperature sensors.
* Accelerometers.
* Gyroscopes.
* Heart-rate sensors.
* Environmental sensors.

Example:
 &lt;code&gt;#include &lt;Wire.h&gt;
 
 #define SDA_PIN 8
 #define SCL_PIN 9
 
 void setup() {
     Serial.begin(115200);
 
     Wire.begin(SDA_PIN, SCL_PIN);
 }
 
 void loop() {
     Serial.println(&quot;I2C initialized&quot;);
 
     delay(1000);
 }&lt;/code&gt;
The SDA and SCL pins are configurable. The actual pins should be selected according to the board's pinout and existing hardware connections.

=== I²S (Integrated Inter-IC Sound) ===
I²S is a digital audio communication interface designed for transferring audio samples between integrated circuits.

It is useful for:

* Digital microphones.
* Audio amplifiers.
* Audio codecs.
* Digital-to-analog converters.
* Audio recording and playback systems.

The ESP32-S3 can use I²S peripherals to receive or transmit digital audio data.

For example, an I²S microphone can capture audio, which can then be processed locally or transmitted over Wi-Fi.

=== USB interface ===
One of the major advantages of the ESP32-S3 over several earlier ESP32 variants is its integrated USB functionality.

The chip provides:

# USB 2.0 Full-Speed OTG interface.
# USB Serial/JTAG controller.

The USB interface can support:

* Firmware uploading.
* Serial communication.
* USB debugging.
* USB device applications.
* HID device emulation.

On the Super Mini, a USB Type-C connector is generally used to provide physical access to USB signals.

Important: USB Type-C describes the connector, not the communication protocol. Some development boards route the connector to the ESP32-S3's native USB pins, while others use an external USB-to-UART bridge. The actual implementation must be checked for the specific board.

== Wireless Connectivity ==
Wireless communication is one of the primary reasons for using the ESP32-S3 in IoT and portable embedded systems.

=== Wi-Fi ===
The ESP32-S3 supports 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi using IEEE 802.11 b/g/n standards.

Wi-Fi allows the board to communicate with local networks, internet-connected servers, and other network-enabled devices.

Common applications include:

* Web servers.
* IoT monitoring systems.
* Wireless control panels.
* Cloud-connected sensors.
* OTA firmware updates.
* Wireless data logging.

Example: Connecting to a Wi-Fi network.
 &lt;code&gt;#include &lt;WiFi.h&gt;
 
 const char* ssid = &quot;YOUR_WIFI&quot;;
 const char* password = &quot;YOUR_PASSWORD&quot;;
 
 void setup() {
     Serial.begin(115200);
 
     WiFi.begin(ssid, password);
 
     while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
         delay(500);
         Serial.print(&quot;.&quot;);
     }
 
     Serial.println(&quot;\nConnected!&quot;);
 
     Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());
 }
 
 void loop() {
 }&lt;/code&gt;

=== Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) ===
The ESP32-S3 supports Bluetooth 5 Low Energy (BLE).

BLE is designed for low-power wireless communication between nearby devices.

It is particularly useful for applications where continuous Wi-Fi connectivity is unnecessary.

Examples include:

* Wireless sensor networks.
* Smart wearables.
* Mobile application connectivity.
* Proximity-based interactions.
* Wireless configuration.
* Device identification and discovery.

BLE communication commonly uses the Generic Attribute Profile (GATT), which defines services and characteristics through which devices exchange data.

Limitation: The ESP32-S3 supports BLE but does not support Bluetooth Classic. Applications requiring Bluetooth Classic audio profiles such as A2DP need a different hardware platform.

== Power Supply and Power Management ==
The ESP32-S3 Super Mini is designed to operate using a regulated 3.3 V supply at the microcontroller.

Most development board variants include an onboard voltage regulator that allows the board to receive power through its USB Type-C connector.

=== Power input options ===
Common power sources include:

* USB Type-C power supply.
* Regulated 5 V external supply through the designated 5 V input.
* Regulated 3.3 V supply through the appropriate 3.3 V rail.

The exact power-input arrangement depends on the board's regulator and PCB design.

=== Battery operation ===
The ESP32-S3 Super Mini can be used in battery-powered applications.

A single-cell lithium-polymer (LiPo) battery typically has:
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Parameter
!Typical value
|-
|Nominal voltage
|3.7 V
|-
|Fully charged voltage
|4.2 V
|-
|Discharged voltage
|Depends on battery protection and cutoff
|}
A LiPo battery must not be connected directly to a 3.3 V GPIO or an unverified 3.3 V input.

A suitable power-management circuit is required to provide the correct voltage to the board.

Possible arrangements include:

* A 3.3 V buck-boost regulator.
* A suitable battery charging and power-management IC.
* A regulated 5 V boost converter feeding the board's 5 V input.

Battery charging should be handled by a dedicated charging circuit with appropriate protection.

=== Power consumption ===
Power consumption depends on the operating mode, clock frequency, peripheral usage, Wi-Fi activity, BLE activity, and external components.
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Operating mode
!General power behaviour
|-
|Active processing
|Relatively high consumption
|-
|Wi-Fi transmission
|High current demand
|-
|BLE advertising
|Generally lower than active Wi-Fi
|-
|Light sleep
|Reduced consumption
|-
|Deep sleep
|Significantly reduced consumption
|}
For battery-operated devices, deep sleep can be used to reduce power consumption between periodic operations.

For example, a wireless temperature-monitoring device could wake periodically, read a sensor, transmit the data, and return to deep sleep.

Design consideration: Wi-Fi transmission can produce short-duration current peaks. The power supply must be able to handle these peaks without causing voltage drops or unexpected resets.

== Onboard Hardware Components ==
The Super Mini is not simply an ESP32-S3 chip mounted on a PCB. It includes additional components required for normal development and operation.

=== USB Type-C connector ===
The USB Type-C connector is used for:

* Supplying power to the development board.
* Uploading firmware.
* Serial communication.
* Native USB functionality, if properly routed.

The connector's presence does not guarantee that every USB feature is supported by the particular board.

=== Voltage regulator ===
The onboard voltage regulator converts the input voltage into a regulated supply suitable for the ESP32-S3.

For example, when powered through a compatible 5 V USB input, the regulator supplies the required 3.3 V rail.

The regulator's current capacity and thermal characteristics vary across manufacturers.

=== PCB antenna ===
The board generally features a small onboard PCB antenna for Wi-Fi and BLE communication.

The antenna allows wireless communication without requiring a separate external antenna.

For better RF performance:

* Avoid placing large metal objects close to the antenna.
* Avoid covering the antenna area with conductive materials.
* Maintain adequate antenna clearance when designing a custom enclosure.
* Avoid placing batteries or metal shields directly over the antenna.

=== Boot and reset controls ===
Depending on the board version, the Super Mini may provide BOOT and RESET buttons.

BOOT button: Used to enter the ROM download mode for firmware programming and recovery.

RESET button: Restarts the microcontroller.

On many ESP32-S3 implementations, holding GPIO0 LOW while resetting the chip enters download mode.

== Development Environments and Programming ==
The ESP32-S3 Super Mini supports multiple development environments, making it suitable for beginners as well as experienced embedded-system developers.

=== Arduino IDE ===
Arduino IDE is one of the most accessible environments for programming the ESP32-S3.

It provides a simplified programming interface, extensive library support, and a large collection of community-developed examples.

Setup procedure:

# Download and install Arduino IDE.
# Open Preferences.
# Add the Espressif ESP32 board package URL to Additional Boards Manager URLs.
# Open Boards Manager.
# Search for ESP32 and install the Espressif board package.
# Connect the Super Mini using a USB data cable.
# Select the ESP32-S3 Dev Module board profile.
# Select the appropriate COM port.
# Compile and upload the firmware.

Typical board configuration for a generic ESP32-S3 Super Mini:
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Setting
!Configuration
|-
|Board
|ESP32S3 Dev Module
|-
|USB CDC On Boot
|Enabled, when using native USB serial
|-
|CPU Frequency
|240 MHz
|-
|Flash Size
|Match the installed flash
|-
|PSRAM
|Match the installed PSRAM
|-
|USB Mode
|Match the board's USB routing
|-
|Upload Mode
|Match the selected USB interface
|}
These are starting points, not universal settings. Flash size, PSRAM, USB mode, and pin configuration must be verified against the actual hardware.

=== ESP-IDF ===
ESP-IDF is the official development framework provided by Espressif.

It offers greater control over hardware resources and system-level operations than the simplified Arduino environment.

Features include:

* FreeRTOS task management.
* Peripheral driver configuration.
* Wi-Fi and BLE stack management.
* Memory allocation and debugging.
* Power management.
* Secure boot and flash encryption.
* USB device development.

ESP-IDF is particularly useful for complex embedded applications requiring precise control over hardware and software resources.

=== MicroPython ===
MicroPython is a Python implementation designed for microcontrollers.

It allows developers to write embedded applications using Python syntax rather than C or C++.

It can be used for:

* GPIO control.
* Sensor readings.
* Basic IoT applications.
* Serial communication.
* Rapid prototyping.

However, applications requiring intensive processing, precise real-time control, or extensive hardware optimization may benefit more from ESP-IDF or Arduino-based development.

== Interfacing External Hardware ==
The ESP32-S3 Super Mini can communicate with a wide range of electronic components.

Some common examples are described below.

=== TFT LCD displays ===
SPI-based TFT displays can be connected to the board to create graphical interfaces.

Popular display controllers include:

* ST7735.
* ST7789.
* ILI9341.
* GC9A01.

These displays can be used for animations, menus, graphics, real-time sensor information, and interactive applications.

The ESP32-S3's processing power and SPI interface make it suitable for graphical applications, although available RAM and display resolution affect performance.

=== Sensors ===
MPU-6050 3-Axis Accelerometer and Gyroscope Sensor Module

Temperature, humidity, pressure and gas sensor - BME688 - SPI/I2C - STEMMA QT/Qwiic - Adafruit 

The board supports different sensor interfaces, including I²C, SPI, UART, and ADC.

Examples include:
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Sensor
!Function
!Interface
|-
|MAX30102
|Heart-rate and SpO₂ sensing
|I²C
|-
|MPU6050
|Accelerometer and gyroscope
|I²C
|-
|BME688
|Environmental sensing
|I²C/SPI
|-
|MLX90614
|Infrared temperature measurement
|I²C
|-
|HC-SR04
|Ultrasonic distance measurement
|GPIO
|-
|Analog LDR
|Light intensity measurement
|ADC
|}
The board can process readings locally and transmit the collected information through Wi-Fi or BLE.

=== Motors and actuators ===
Simple 2 Wheel ESP32 Robot Using the TB6612FNG Dual Motor Controller as provided by &quot;In''tructables.com&quot;''

The ESP32-S3 can control motors through external driver circuits.

It can generate PWM signals and digital control signals for:

* DC motors.
* Servo motors.
* Stepper motors.
* Brushless motor controllers.
* Solenoids.

Motor drivers such as TB6612FNG and DRV8833 can be used to control DC motors.

Motors must not be connected directly to GPIO pins. They require appropriate driver circuitry and a separate power supply where necessary.

=== Audio modules ===
Tutorial: Building an AI Assistant with ESP32-S3 as provided by &quot;ricardogonzalez.substack.com&quot;

Using its I²S interface, the ESP32-S3 can connect to digital microphones and audio amplifiers.

Examples include:

* INMP441 digital microphone.
* MAX98357A I²S amplifier.
* External I²S audio codecs.

These components enable audio recording, voice interfaces, sound detection, and audio playback applications.

== USB Communication and Device-to-Device Interaction ==
The ESP32-S3's native USB functionality makes it particularly useful in projects that require direct communication with computers and other USB-capable devices.

=== Native USB support ===
The ESP32-S3 integrates a USB 2.0 Full-Speed OTG controller and USB Serial/JTAG functionality.

The native USB interface can support USB device classes such as:

* USB CDC (serial communication).
* USB HID (Human Interface Device).
* USB MIDI.
* USB MSC (Mass Storage Class), subject to software and implementation support.

=== USB communication between two ESP32-S3 boards ===
Two ESP32-S3 devices can potentially communicate using a USB connection, but this requires more than simply connecting their USB Type-C ports together.

The USB architecture involves two different roles:

* USB Host: Controls the USB connection and initiates communication.
* USB Device: Responds to the host and provides the requested USB functionality.

For direct device-to-device communication, one ESP32-S3 must implement a suitable USB Host function while the other operates as a USB Device.

An appropriate USB cable, host-capable power arrangement, and firmware implementation are also required.

Alternatively, UART, BLE, or Wi-Fi can be used for communication between two ESP32-S3 boards when USB host functionality is unnecessary.

== Boot Modes and Firmware Uploading ==
The ESP32-S3 supports different boot configurations, allowing it to execute application firmware or enter firmware download mode.

=== Normal boot mode ===
During normal operation, the ESP32-S3 loads the application firmware from external flash memory and starts executing it.

=== Download mode ===
Download mode is used to upload or recover firmware.

The general procedure is:

# Hold the BOOT button.
# Press and release RESET.
# Release BOOT.
# Connect to the appropriate USB programming interface.
# Upload the firmware.

The exact procedure may differ depending on the board's USB configuration and boot circuitry.

=== Firmware storage ===
The ESP32-S3 stores its application firmware in external flash memory.

The available storage is determined by the flash chip fitted to the development board.

Flash memory can store:

* Application firmware.
* Configuration data.
* Web resources.
* Filesystem data.
* Animation assets.
* Persistent user preferences.

For applications involving large image or animation assets, the available flash capacity and RAM should be considered during development.

== Advantages of ESP32-S3 Super Mini ==
The ESP32-S3 Super Mini offers several advantages for embedded-system development.

1. Compact size: Its miniature form factor makes it suitable for wearable electronics, portable devices, and small IoT products.

2. Dual-core processing: The dual-core processor supports multitasking and parallel execution of application tasks.

3. Wireless connectivity: Built-in Wi-Fi and BLE eliminate the need for separate wireless modules.

4. Native USB: USB functionality supports programming, debugging, and USB device applications.

5. Flexible GPIO: GPIO matrix functionality allows peripheral signals to be assigned to compatible pins.

6. Touch sensing: Integrated capacitive touch channels enable touch-based interfaces without necessarily requiring external touch controllers.

7. AI acceleration: Vector instructions improve the execution of supported machine-learning and signal-processing operations.

8. Development ecosystem: Compatibility with Arduino IDE, ESP-IDF, and MicroPython makes it accessible to developers with different experience levels.

9. Peripheral support: The board can interface with a variety of displays, sensors, actuators, and communication modules.

== Limitations and Design Considerations ==
Although the ESP32-S3 Super Mini is a capable development board, certain limitations should be considered before using it in a product.

=== Limited GPIO availability ===
The ESP32-S3 chip supports up to 45 programmable GPIOs, but the Super Mini exposes only a subset.

Some pins may also be occupied by flash, PSRAM, USB, or boot-related functions.

Therefore, the physical board pinout should always be checked before designing a circuit.

=== Limited RAM ===
The internal SRAM is 512 KB at the SoC level. Some memory is reserved for system operations, while the amount available to applications varies with firmware configuration.

Applications involving high-resolution graphics, large image buffers, or machine-learning models may require external PSRAM.

=== No Bluetooth Classic ===
The ESP32-S3 supports Bluetooth Low Energy but not Bluetooth Classic.

Therefore, it cannot directly implement conventional Bluetooth Classic audio profiles such as A2DP.

=== No integrated battery charger ===
The standard Super Mini development board should not be assumed to include a LiPo battery charging circuit.

A separate battery charging and protection system may be required.

=== 3.3 V GPIO limitations ===
The ESP32-S3 uses 3.3 V logic.

Its GPIO pins are not designed to tolerate 5 V signals directly.

External level-shifting circuitry should be used when interfacing with 5 V logic devices.

=== Thermal and power limitations ===
The small PCB limits heat dissipation compared with larger development boards.

High processor utilization, continuous wireless transmission, and external peripherals can increase power consumption and temperature.

An appropriate power supply and thermal design should be used.

=== Not a dedicated graphics processor ===
The ESP32-S3 can control color TFT displays and render animations, but it does not contain a dedicated GPU.

Complex graphics and high-resolution image processing may require optimization or external hardware.</text>
      <sha1>4kmhv9k1yewa4m42b91yyl228cffqux</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User talk:Cornor-02/sandbox</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>486713</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679941</id>
      <parentid>4679460</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-04T12:18:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MarcGarver</username>
        <id>134830</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* jhfihe */ Reply</comment>
      <origin>4679941</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="397" sha1="o5muxilqj0dzrt9q4bg58kb70hmvy2f" xml:space="preserve">== jhfihe ==
I have written this by myself [[User:Cornor-02|Cornor-02]] ([[User talk:Cornor-02|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Cornor-02|contribs]]) 15:02, 1 November 2026 (UTC)

:This is the English Wikibooks. Foreign languages are not accepted. [[User:MarcGarver|MarcGarver]] ([[User talk:MarcGarver|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MarcGarver|contribs]]) 12:18, 4 November 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>o5muxilqj0dzrt9q4bg58kb70hmvy2f</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>On 2D Inverse Problems/The Cure</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>486723</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679972</id>
      <parentid>4679574</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-04T14:57:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>DVD206</username>
        <id>724793</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Trinity</comment>
      <origin>4679972</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="364" sha1="gxf5byqhgwwe8rr5x3fpcgw0hzdzb54" xml:space="preserve"> The content map:
                           ** [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Eta|Ln(2)]]
                           /       \
  ** [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Complex|Discrete complex analysis]]  -  ** [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Continuous|Continuum hypothesis]]

The green ghost Spiderweb paperback:
[[File:Front-cover-402.png|thumb|alt=bestseller|publishing]]
{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>gxf5byqhgwwe8rr5x3fpcgw0hzdzb54</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:Abhinav Parashri</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>486740</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4680083</id>
      <parentid>4679628</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-05T04:35:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Abhinav Parashri</username>
        <id>3629986</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Building a Simple Smart Bioreactor Monitor Using Arduino and IoT */</comment>
      <origin>4680083</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="10069" sha1="ot5tskcidrera0kieocm22v8rgezcte" xml:space="preserve">{{AI-suspected|reason=Fully expalain Except Real Lab exp. its Simulation in Software}}

= Building a Simple Smart Bioreactor Monitor Using Arduino and IoT =

=== Introduction ===
Biotechnology and automation are becoming increasingly important in modern industries, particularly in pharmaceutical manufacturing, food processing, agriculture, and biotechnology research. One of the most important technologies used in these industries is the bioreactor.

A bioreactor is a controlled vessel in which microorganisms, cells, or biological substances grow under specific environmental conditions. Parameters such as temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, and liquid level play an important role in maintaining a suitable environment for biological growth.

However, continuously monitoring these parameters manually can be time-consuming and may lead to errors. This is where automation and the Internet of Things (IoT) can make a difference.

To explore this concept, I developed a **Simple Smart Bioreactor Monitoring System using Arduino Uno**, simulated using the Wokwi platform. The system demonstrates how sensors, electronic components, and automated control can work together to monitor important bioreactor conditions.

=== 1. Project Overview ===
The primary objective of this project is to develop a low-cost monitoring system that can measure temperature, simulate liquid-level variations, generate alerts, and control an aeration device through a relay module.

The Arduino Uno acts as the central controller. It receives information from the sensors, processes the readings, checks predefined conditions, and displays the system status on an LCD.

The project follows a simple automation concept:

===== Sense → Process → Decide → Act → Display =====
This approach demonstrates the basic principles of an automated monitoring and feedback control system.

=== 2. Components Used ===
The prototype consists of the following electronic components:
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! align=&quot;center&quot; |S. No.
!Component
!Function
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |1
|Arduino Uno
|Main controller for processing sensor data.
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |2
|DS18B20 Temperature Sensor
|Measures the temperature of the system.
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |3
|Potentiometer
|Simulates liquid-level variations.
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |4
|Relay Module
|Controls an external device, such as an air pump.
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |5
|LED
|Provides visual status indication.
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |6
|16×2 LCD Display
|Displays sensor readings and system alerts.
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |7
|Resistor
|Limits current to protect the LED.
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |8
|Jumper Wires
|Establish electrical connections between components.
|}
Each component contributes to the monitoring and control process.

==== 3. Working Principle ====
The system operates through continuous monitoring and decision-making.

==== Step 1: Temperature Monitoring ====
The DS18B20 temperature sensor measures the temperature and sends the readings to the Arduino Uno.

The Arduino compares the measured temperature with a predefined threshold of 30°C.

If the temperature exceeds the specified limit, the LCD displays:

&quot;Temperature: ABOVE 30C&quot;

This provides an immediate indication that the temperature has crossed the configured operating limit.

==== Step 2: Liquid-Level Monitoring ====
A potentiometer is used to simulate changes in liquid level.

The Arduino reads the analog value and converts it into a percentage representing the simulated liquid level.

When the level reaches the configured low-level condition, the LCD displays:

&quot;System: LEVEL LOW&quot;

This demonstrates how an actual liquid-level sensor could be integrated into a bioreactor monitoring system.

==== Step 3: Aeration Control ====
Aeration is important in many biological processes because microorganisms require oxygen for growth and metabolic activities.

In this prototype, a relay module is used to demonstrate the control of an external aeration device, such as an air pump.

The Arduino controls the relay according to the programmed conditions.

==== Step 4: LED Indication ====
An LED is connected to the Arduino to provide a visual indication of the system's operating condition.

Its ON/OFF state is controlled through the programmed logic.

==== Step 5: LCD Display ====
A 16×2 LCD displays real-time sensor readings and system notifications.

This allows users to observe the system's condition without continuously checking the Arduino or its serial monitor.

===== 4. Simulation and Experimental Observations =====
The complete circuit was designed and tested using the Wokwi Arduino simulator.

Different operating conditions were simulated to verify whether the system could identify abnormal conditions and display appropriate messages.

The following observations were recorded:

===== Experiment 1: Normal Monitoring =====
The LCD displays the temperature and simulated liquid-level readings.

Example:

* Temperature: 93.2°C
* Liquid Level: 0%

These values were used during simulation to test the monitoring and alert functionality. They should not be interpreted as suitable operating conditions for microbial growth.

===== Experiment 2: High-Temperature Alert =====
When the temperature exceeds the predefined threshold of 30°C, the LCD displays:

'''&quot;Temperature: ABOVE 30C&quot;'''

This demonstrates the system's ability to identify a temperature condition outside the configured limit.

===== Experiment 3: Low-Level Alert =====
When the simulated liquid level reaches the low-level condition, the LCD displays:

&quot;System: LEVEL LOW&quot;

This indicates that the system has detected a potentially unsuitable liquid-level condition.

===== Experiment 4: Aeration and LED Status =====
The LCD displays:

'''&quot;Aeration: OFF&quot;'''

'''&quot;LED: OFF&quot;'''

This indicates the current output status of the relay-controlled aeration system and LED.

These experiments demonstrate the basic monitoring, alert-generation, and output-control capabilities of the prototype.

==== 5. Results and Observations ====
The simulation demonstrates that an Arduino-based monitoring system can perform several important functions:

* ''Continuously monitor temperature.''
* ''Simulate liquid-level changes.''
* ''Identify predefined abnormal conditions.''
* ''Display real-time readings on an LCD.''
* ''Generate temperature and liquid-level alerts.''
* ''Demonstrate relay-based aeration control.''
* ''Provide visual status indications through an LED.''

The project successfully demonstrates the basic concept of an automated bioreactor monitoring system in a simulated environment.

==== 6. Applications ====
The proposed system introduces automation concepts that can be useful in several areas:

# Biotechnology Laboratories: Monitoring environmental conditions during biological experiments.
# Fermentation Industries: Demonstrating temperature and liquid-level monitoring concepts.
# Agriculture: Exploring automated monitoring in small-scale biological production systems.
# Educational Institutions: Helping students understand Arduino, sensors, automation, and IoT-based monitoring.
# Research and Development: Providing a foundation for developing more advanced bioreactor control systems.
# Future Scope

Although the current prototype demonstrates basic monitoring and control, several improvements can make it more practical and intelligent.

==== 7.Future developments may include: ====
1. pH Monitoring: Integrating a pH sensor to monitor the acidity or alkalinity of the biological medium.

2.Dissolved Oxygen Monitoring: Adding a dissolved oxygen sensor to measure oxygen availability.

3. IoT Integration: Using an ESP32 or Wi-Fi module to send sensor readings to an online dashboard.

4. Automatic Temperature Control: Integrating a heating or cooling mechanism to maintain the desired temperature.

5. Real Liquid-Level Measurement: Replacing the potentiometer with an appropriate liquid-level sensor.

6. Data Logging: Storing sensor readings to analyse changes over time.

7. Advanced Automation: Developing a more intelligent control system that can automatically adjust environmental parameters based on predefined requirements.

These improvements could help transform the basic prototype into a more comprehensive smart bioreactor monitoring and control system.

==== 8. Conclusion ====
The Smart Bioreactor Monitoring System demonstrates how affordable electronic components and microcontrollers can be used to introduce automation into biological processes.

By integrating an Arduino Uno, DS18B20 temperature sensor, potentiometer, relay module, LED, and LCD display, the project demonstrates temperature monitoring, simulated liquid-level detection, alert generation, and output control.

Developing this prototype also provided an opportunity to understand the practical integration of sensors, microcontrollers, electronic circuits, and automation logic.

Although this is an initial simulation-based model rather than a fully functional biological bioreactor, it provides a foundation for further development.The ultimate goal is to develop an affordable, reliable, and intelligent monitoring system that can contribute to the future of automated biotechnology and small-scale bioprocessing.

==== Reference:- ====

# https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioreactor
# https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Bioreactor_System_Design/jM2jhnWZjhEC?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=%22Bioreactor%22+-wikipedia&amp;pg=PA380&amp;printsec=frontcover
# https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/eng2.12059

==== Images make in Wokwi:- ====
[[File:Smart_bioreactor_arduino_aeration_led_status.png|thumb|955x955px|Output status screen: aeration and the indicator LED are both off.]]
[[File:Smart_bioreactor_arduino_live_readings.png|thumb|956x956px|Live temperature and liquid level readings on the LCD.]]
[[File:Smart_bioreactor_arduino_low_level_alert.png|thumb|931x931px|Level alert: the system reports that the liquid level is low.]]
[[File:Smart_bioreactor_arduino_temperature_alert.png|thumb|932x932px|Temperature alert: the LCD warns that the temperature is above 30 °C.]]</text>
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= Building a Simple Smart Bioreactor Monitor Using Arduino and IoT =

=== Introduction ===
Biotechnology and automation are becoming increasingly important in modern industries, particularly in pharmaceutical manufacturing, food processing, agriculture, and biotechnology research. One of the most important technologies used in these industries is the bioreactor.

A bioreactor is a controlled vessel in which microorganisms, cells, or biological substances grow under specific environmental conditions. Parameters such as temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, and liquid level play an important role in maintaining a suitable environment for biological growth.

However, continuously monitoring these parameters manually can be time-consuming and may lead to errors. This is where automation and the Internet of Things (IoT) can make a difference.

To explore this concept, I developed a **Simple Smart Bioreactor Monitoring System using Arduino Uno**, simulated using the Wokwi platform. The system demonstrates how sensors, electronic components, and automated control can work together to monitor important bioreactor conditions.

=== 1. Project Overview ===
The primary objective of this project is to develop a low-cost monitoring system that can measure temperature, simulate liquid-level variations, generate alerts, and control an aeration device through a relay module.

The Arduino Uno acts as the central controller. It receives information from the sensors, processes the readings, checks predefined conditions, and displays the system status on an LCD.

The project follows a simple automation concept:

===== Sense → Process → Decide → Act → Display =====
This approach demonstrates the basic principles of an automated monitoring and feedback control system.

=== 2. Components Used ===
The prototype consists of the following electronic components:
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! align=&quot;center&quot; |S. No.
!Component
!Function
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |1
|Arduino Uno
|Main controller for processing sensor data.
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |2
|DS18B20 Temperature Sensor
|Measures the temperature of the system.
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |3
|Potentiometer
|Simulates liquid-level variations.
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |4
|Relay Module
|Controls an external device, such as an air pump.
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |5
|LED
|Provides visual status indication.
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |6
|16×2 LCD Display
|Displays sensor readings and system alerts.
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |7
|Resistor
|Limits current to protect the LED.
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |8
|Jumper Wires
|Establish electrical connections between components.
|}
Each component contributes to the monitoring and control process.

==== 4. Results and Observations ====
The simulation demonstrates that an Arduino-based monitoring system can perform several important functions:

* ''Continuously monitor temperature.''
* ''Simulate liquid-level changes.''
* ''Identify predefined abnormal conditions.''
* ''Display real-time readings on an LCD.''
* ''Generate temperature and liquid-level alerts.''
* ''Demonstrate relay-based aeration control.''
* ''Provide visual status indications through an LED.''

The project successfully demonstrates the basic concept of an automated bioreactor monitoring system in a simulated environment.

==== 5. Applications ====
The proposed system introduces automation concepts that can be useful in several areas:

# Biotechnology Laboratories: Monitoring environmental conditions during biological experiments.
# Fermentation Industries: Demonstrating temperature and liquid-level monitoring concepts.
# Agriculture: Exploring automated monitoring in small-scale biological production systems.
# Educational Institutions: Helping students understand Arduino, sensors, automation, and IoT-based monitoring.
# Research and Development: Providing a foundation for developing more advanced bioreactor control systems.
# Future Scope

Although the current prototype demonstrates basic monitoring and control, several improvements can make it more practical and intelligent.

==== 6.Future developments may include: ====
1. pH Monitoring: Integrating a pH sensor to monitor the acidity or alkalinity of the biological medium.

2.Dissolved Oxygen Monitoring: Adding a dissolved oxygen sensor to measure oxygen availability.

3. IoT Integration: Using an ESP32 or Wi-Fi module to send sensor readings to an online dashboard.

4. Automatic Temperature Control: Integrating a heating or cooling mechanism to maintain the desired temperature.

5. Real Liquid-Level Measurement: Replacing the potentiometer with an appropriate liquid-level sensor.

6. Data Logging: Storing sensor readings to analyse changes over time.

7. Advanced Automation: Developing a more intelligent control system that can automatically adjust environmental parameters based on predefined requirements.

These improvements could help transform the basic prototype into a more comprehensive smart bioreactor monitoring and control system.

==== 7. Conclusion ====
The Smart Bioreactor Monitoring System demonstrates how affordable electronic components and microcontrollers can be used to introduce automation into biological processes.

By integrating an Arduino Uno, DS18B20 temperature sensor, potentiometer, relay module, LED, and LCD display, the project demonstrates temperature monitoring, simulated liquid-level detection, alert generation, and output control.

Developing this prototype also provided an opportunity to understand the practical integration of sensors, microcontrollers, electronic circuits, and automation logic.

Although this is an initial simulation-based model rather than a fully functional biological bioreactor, it provides a foundation for further development.The ultimate goal is to develop an affordable, reliable, and intelligent monitoring system that can contribute to the future of automated biotechnology and small-scale bioprocessing.

==== Reference:- ====

# https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioreactor
# https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Bioreactor_System_Design/jM2jhnWZjhEC?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=%22Bioreactor%22+-wikipedia&amp;pg=PA380&amp;printsec=frontcover
# https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/eng2.12059

==== Images make in Wokwi:- ====
[[File:Smart_bioreactor_arduino_aeration_led_status.png|thumb|955x955px|Output status screen: aeration and the indicator LED are both off.]]
[[File:Smart_bioreactor_arduino_live_readings.png|thumb|956x956px|Live temperature and liquid level readings on the LCD.]]
[[File:Smart_bioreactor_arduino_low_level_alert.png|thumb|931x931px|Level alert: the system reports that the liquid level is low.]]
[[File:Smart_bioreactor_arduino_temperature_alert.png|thumb|932x932px|Temperature alert: the LCD warns that the temperature is above 30 °C.]]</text>
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= Building a Simple Smart Bioreactor Monitor Using Arduino and IoT =

=== Introduction ===
Biotechnology and automation are becoming increasingly important in modern industries, particularly in pharmaceutical manufacturing, food processing, agriculture, and biotechnology research. One of the most important technologies used in these industries is the bioreactor.

A bioreactor is a controlled vessel in which microorganisms, cells, or biological substances grow under specific environmental conditions. Parameters such as temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, and liquid level play an important role in maintaining a suitable environment for biological growth.

However, continuously monitoring these parameters manually can be time-consuming and may lead to errors. This is where automation and the Internet of Things (IoT) can make a difference.

To explore this concept, I developed a **Simple Smart Bioreactor Monitoring System using Arduino Uno**, simulated using the Wokwi platform. The system demonstrates how sensors, electronic components, and automated control can work together to monitor important bioreactor conditions.

=== 1. Project Overview ===
The primary objective of this project is to develop a low-cost monitoring system that can measure temperature, simulate liquid-level variations, generate alerts, and control an aeration device through a relay module.

The Arduino Uno acts as the central controller. It receives information from the sensors, processes the readings, checks predefined conditions, and displays the system status on an LCD.

The project follows a simple automation concept:

===== Sense → Process → Decide → Act → Display =====
This approach demonstrates the basic principles of an automated monitoring and feedback control system.

=== 2. Components Used ===
The prototype consists of the following electronic components:
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! align=&quot;center&quot; |S. No.
!Component
!Function
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |1
|Arduino Uno
|Main controller for processing sensor data.
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |2
|DS18B20 Temperature Sensor
|Measures the temperature of the system.
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |3
|Potentiometer
|Simulates liquid-level variations.
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |4
|Relay Module
|Controls an external device, such as an air pump.
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |5
|LED
|Provides visual status indication.
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |6
|16×2 LCD Display
|Displays sensor readings and system alerts.
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |7
|Resistor
|Limits current to protect the LED.
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |8
|Jumper Wires
|Establish electrical connections between components.
|}
Each component contributes to the monitoring and control process.

==== 3. Results and Observations ====
The simulation demonstrates that an Arduino-based monitoring system can perform several important functions:

* ''Continuously monitor temperature.''
* ''Simulate liquid-level changes.''
* ''Identify predefined abnormal conditions.''
* ''Display real-time readings on an LCD.''
* ''Generate temperature and liquid-level alerts.''
* ''Demonstrate relay-based aeration control.''
* ''Provide visual status indications through an LED.''

The project successfully demonstrates the basic concept of an automated bioreactor monitoring system in a simulated environment.

==== 4. Applications ====
The proposed system introduces automation concepts that can be useful in several areas:

# Biotechnology Laboratories: Monitoring environmental conditions during biological experiments.
# Fermentation Industries: Demonstrating temperature and liquid-level monitoring concepts.
# Agriculture: Exploring automated monitoring in small-scale biological production systems.
# Educational Institutions: Helping students understand Arduino, sensors, automation, and IoT-based monitoring.
# Research and Development: Providing a foundation for developing more advanced bioreactor control systems.
# Future Scope

Although the current prototype demonstrates basic monitoring and control, several improvements can make it more practical and intelligent.

==== 5.Future developments may include: ====
1. pH Monitoring: Integrating a pH sensor to monitor the acidity or alkalinity of the biological medium.

2.Dissolved Oxygen Monitoring: Adding a dissolved oxygen sensor to measure oxygen availability.

3. IoT Integration: Using an ESP32 or Wi-Fi module to send sensor readings to an online dashboard.

4. Automatic Temperature Control: Integrating a heating or cooling mechanism to maintain the desired temperature.

5. Real Liquid-Level Measurement: Replacing the potentiometer with an appropriate liquid-level sensor.

6. Data Logging: Storing sensor readings to analyse changes over time.

7. Advanced Automation: Developing a more intelligent control system that can automatically adjust environmental parameters based on predefined requirements.

These improvements could help transform the basic prototype into a more comprehensive smart bioreactor monitoring and control system.

==== 6. Conclusion ====
The Smart Bioreactor Monitoring System demonstrates how affordable electronic components and microcontrollers can be used to introduce automation into biological processes.

By integrating an Arduino Uno, DS18B20 temperature sensor, potentiometer, relay module, LED, and LCD display, the project demonstrates temperature monitoring, simulated liquid-level detection, alert generation, and output control.

Developing this prototype also provided an opportunity to understand the practical integration of sensors, microcontrollers, electronic circuits, and automation logic.

Although this is an initial simulation-based model rather than a fully functional biological bioreactor, it provides a foundation for further development.The ultimate goal is to develop an affordable, reliable, and intelligent monitoring system that can contribute to the future of automated biotechnology and small-scale bioprocessing.

==== Reference:- ====

# https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioreactor
# https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Bioreactor_System_Design/jM2jhnWZjhEC?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=%22Bioreactor%22+-wikipedia&amp;pg=PA380&amp;printsec=frontcover
# https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/eng2.12059

==== Images make in Wokwi:- ====
[[File:Smart_bioreactor_arduino_aeration_led_status.png|thumb|955x955px|Output status screen: aeration and the indicator LED are both off.]]
[[File:Smart_bioreactor_arduino_live_readings.png|thumb|956x956px|Live temperature and liquid level readings on the LCD.]]
[[File:Smart_bioreactor_arduino_low_level_alert.png|thumb|931x931px|Level alert: the system reports that the liquid level is low.]]
[[File:Smart_bioreactor_arduino_temperature_alert.png|thumb|932x932px|Temperature alert: the LCD warns that the temperature is above 30 °C.]]</text>
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= Building a Simple Smart Bioreactor Monitor Using Arduino and IoT =

=== Introduction ===
Biotechnology and automation are becoming increasingly important in modern industries, particularly in pharmaceutical manufacturing, food processing, agriculture, and biotechnology research. One of the most important technologies used in these industries is the bioreactor.

A bioreactor is a controlled vessel in which microorganisms, cells, or biological substances grow under specific environmental conditions. Parameters such as temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, and liquid level play an important role in maintaining a suitable environment for biological growth.

However, continuously monitoring these parameters manually can be time-consuming and may lead to errors. This is where automation and the Internet of Things (IoT) can make a difference.

To explore this concept, I developed a **Simple Smart Bioreactor Monitoring System using Arduino Uno**, simulated using the Wokwi platform. The system demonstrates how sensors, electronic components, and automated control can work together to monitor important bioreactor conditions.

=== 1. Project Overview ===
The primary objective of this project is to develop a low-cost monitoring system that can measure temperature, simulate liquid-level variations, generate alerts, and control an aeration device through a relay module.

The Arduino Uno acts as the central controller. It receives information from the sensors, processes the readings, checks predefined conditions, and displays the system status on an LCD.

The project follows a simple automation concept:

===== Sense → Process → Decide → Act → Display =====
This approach demonstrates the basic principles of an automated monitoring and feedback control system.

=== 2. Components Used ===
The prototype consists of the following electronic components:
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! align=&quot;center&quot; |S. No.
!Component
!Function
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |1
|Arduino Uno
|Main controller for processing sensor data.
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |2
|DS18B20 Temperature Sensor
|Measures the temperature of the system.
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |3
|Potentiometer
|Simulates liquid-level variations.
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |4
|Relay Module
|Controls an external device, such as an air pump.
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |5
|LED
|Provides visual status indication.
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |6
|16×2 LCD Display
|Displays sensor readings and system alerts.
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |7
|Resistor
|Limits current to protect the LED.
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |8
|Jumper Wires
|Establish electrical connections between components.
|}
Each component contributes to the monitoring and control process.

==== 3. Results and Observations ====
The simulation demonstrates that an Arduino-based monitoring system can perform several important functions:

* ''Continuously monitor temperature.''
* ''Simulate liquid-level changes.''
* ''Identify predefined abnormal conditions.''
* ''Display real-time readings on an LCD.''
* ''Generate temperature and liquid-level alerts.''
* ''Demonstrate relay-based aeration control.''
* ''Provide visual status indications through an LED.''

The project successfully demonstrates the basic concept of an automated bioreactor monitoring system in a simulated environment.

==== 4. Applications ====
The proposed system introduces automation concepts that can be useful in several areas:

# Biotechnology Laboratories: Monitoring environmental conditions during biological experiments.
# Fermentation Industries: Demonstrating temperature and liquid-level monitoring concepts.
# Agriculture: Exploring automated monitoring in small-scale biological production systems.
# Educational Institutions: Helping students understand Arduino, sensors, automation, and IoT-based monitoring.
# Research and Development: Providing a foundation for developing more advanced bioreactor control systems.

Although the current prototype demonstrates basic monitoring and control, several improvements can make it more practical and intelligent.

==== 5.Future developments may include: ====
1. pH Monitoring: Integrating a pH sensor to monitor the acidity or alkalinity of the biological medium.

2.Dissolved Oxygen Monitoring: Adding a dissolved oxygen sensor to measure oxygen availability.

3. IoT Integration: Using an ESP32 or Wi-Fi module to send sensor readings to an online dashboard.

4. Automatic Temperature Control: Integrating a heating or cooling mechanism to maintain the desired temperature.

5. Real Liquid-Level Measurement: Replacing the potentiometer with an appropriate liquid-level sensor.

6. Data Logging: Storing sensor readings to analyse changes over time.

7. Advanced Automation: Developing a more intelligent control system that can automatically adjust environmental parameters based on predefined requirements.

==== 6. Conclusion ====
The Smart Bioreactor Monitoring System demonstrates how affordable electronic components and microcontrollers can be used to introduce automation into biological processes.

By integrating an Arduino Uno, DS18B20 temperature sensor, potentiometer, relay module, LED, and LCD display, the project demonstrates temperature monitoring, simulated liquid-level detection, alert generation, and output control.

Developing this prototype also provided an opportunity to understand the practical integration of sensors, microcontrollers, electronic circuits, and automation logic.

Although this is an initial simulation-based model rather than a fully functional biological bioreactor, it provides a foundation for further development.The ultimate goal is to develop an affordable, reliable, and intelligent monitoring system that can contribute to the future of automated biotechnology and small-scale bioprocessing.

==== Reference:- ====

# https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioreactor
# https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Bioreactor_System_Design/jM2jhnWZjhEC?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=%22Bioreactor%22+-wikipedia&amp;pg=PA380&amp;printsec=frontcover
# https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/eng2.12059

==== Images make in Wokwi:- ====
[[File:Smart_bioreactor_arduino_aeration_led_status.png|thumb|955x955px|Output status screen: aeration and the indicator LED are both off.]]
[[File:Smart_bioreactor_arduino_live_readings.png|thumb|956x956px|Live temperature and liquid level readings on the LCD.]]
[[File:Smart_bioreactor_arduino_low_level_alert.png|thumb|931x931px|Level alert: the system reports that the liquid level is low.]]
[[File:Smart_bioreactor_arduino_temperature_alert.png|thumb|932x932px|Temperature alert: the LCD warns that the temperature is above 30 °C.]]</text>
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= Smart Bioreactor Monitor =

=== Abstract:- ===
Bioreactors are widely used in industrial purpose and Laboratories to control the growth of microorganisms like algae, fungi, yeast and bacteria etc.. In present time ,Bioreactor are very expensive and large in size so that it will not yet in some colleges for practical purpose and not in some laboratories. This article represent that in low-cost Smart-Bioreactor by using Arduino and Other Parameters. this System is capable for monitoring temperature, liquid level, fermentation and aeration activity in real time This project is affordable for Microbial Growth and for educational and small-industrial purpose .

=== Introduction:- ===
Microbial Growth plays a imp. role in various applications includes food processing, waste - water management. To support their growth with advanced technolgy or Parameters that control factors like temperature, oxygen level and so on. These system are very costly and not easily to buy it for students and Small Research centre or Laboratories.

I noticed this major problem, I developed a Low- Cost Smart Bioreactor System that can be monitor microbial growth condition. It is possible by the Arduino and Other Affordable Sensors. This project is a student-friendly and low-budget system to show the operational principle of industrial bioreactors.

=== Components to be used:- ===

# Arduino Uno
# DS18B20 waterproof temperature sensor
# Water level Sensor
# Soil Moisture Sensor
# DC motor with fan for aeration
# Relay module 
# LCD Display
# Resistor
# Breadboard and Jumper wires

=== Working Principle to be used in this is Based on real-time monitoring and analysis of microbial growth parameters. ===

=== &lt;u&gt;The System Monitors :-&lt;/u&gt; ===

* Temperature Consistency
* Foam Level Increase
* Fermentation Time Period
* Gas Bubble Generation
* Sensor data is Process by Arduino and the LCD Display That show the growth is Active or Not.

=== Outcomes:- ===

* Real-Time Temperature Monitoring
* Liquid and Foam Level Detection
* Enhanced Aeration and Stirring
* Indirect Microbial-Growth Indication

Microbial growth indicators such as carbon dioxide bubble formation and a progressive increase in foam level, which reflect active metabolic and fermentation processes.

=== Conclusion:- ===
This project Shows a Low- Cost Smart Bioreactor System it is suitable for college students and Small Research centre or Laboratories. It bridges the gap between the Expensive System that cause in small research centre or Laboratories and College student is not practical on this due to expensive .My project is basically designed To show this major problem . It is upgraded with IoT based remote monitoring Dissolving oxygen Sensing, data to fermentation prediction and process optimization.

=== Flowchart:- ===
 Start

  ↓

  Read Temperature Sensor

  ↓

  Read Water Level / Foam Sensor

  ↓ 

 Check Aeration and Bubble Formation

  ↓

  Analyze Growth Conditions

  ↓ 

 Display Result on LCD

  ↓ 

 Growth Active / No Growth

==== Reference:- ====

# https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioreactor
# https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Bioreactor_System_Design/jM2jhnWZjhEC?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=%22Bioreactor%22+-wikipedia&amp;pg=PA380&amp;printsec=frontcover
# https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/eng2.12059

==== Images make in Wokwi:- ====
[[File:Smart_bioreactor_arduino_aeration_led_status.png|thumb|955x955px|Output status screen: aeration and the indicator LED are both off.]]
[[File:Smart_bioreactor_arduino_live_readings.png|thumb|956x956px|Live temperature and liquid level readings on the LCD.]]
[[File:Smart_bioreactor_arduino_low_level_alert.png|thumb|931x931px|Level alert: the system reports that the liquid level is low.]]
[[File:Smart_bioreactor_arduino_temperature_alert.png|thumb|932x932px|Temperature alert: the LCD warns that the temperature is above 30 °C.]]</text>
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        <id>3629986</id>
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      <text bytes="4175" sha1="jzg27vagmmqk1j1qnr8xa9k5ytt4hoh" xml:space="preserve">{{AI-suspected|reason=Fully expalain Except Real Lab exp. its Simulation in Software}}

= Smart Bioreactor Monitor =

=== Abstract:- ===
Bioreactors are widely used in industrial purpose and Laboratories to control the growth of microorganisms like algae, fungi, yeast and bacteria etc.. In present time ,Bioreactor are very expensive and large in size so that it will not yet in some colleges for practical purpose and not in some laboratories. This article represent that in low-cost Smart-Bioreactor by using Arduino and Other Parameters. this System is capable for monitoring temperature, liquid level, fermentation and aeration activity in real time This project is affordable for Microbial Growth and for educational and small-industrial purpose .

=== Introduction:- ===
Microbial Growth plays a imp. role in various applications includes food processing, waste - water management. To support their growth with advanced technolgy or Parameters that control factors like temperature, oxygen level and so on. These system are very costly and not easily to buy it for students and Small Research centre or Laboratories.

I noticed this major problem, I developed a Low- Cost Smart Bioreactor System that can be monitor microbial growth condition. It is possible by the Arduino and Other Affordable Sensors. This project is a student-friendly and low-budget system to show the operational principle of industrial bioreactors.

=== Components to be used:- ===

# Arduino Uno
# DS18B20 waterproof temperature sensor
# Water level Sensor
# Soil Moisture Sensor
# DC motor with fan for aeration
# Relay module 
# LCD Display
# Resistor
# Breadboard and Jumper wires

=== Working Principle to be used in this is Based on real-time monitoring and analysis of microbial growth parameters. ===

=== &lt;u&gt;The System Monitors :-&lt;/u&gt; ===

* Temperature Consistency
* Foam Level Increase
* Fermentation Time Period
* Gas Bubble Generation
* Sensor data is Process by Arduino and the LCD Display That show the growth is Active or Not.

=== Outcomes:- ===

* Real-Time Temperature Monitoring
* Liquid and Foam Level Detection
* Enhanced Aeration and Stirring
* Indirect Microbial-Growth Indication

Microbial growth indicators such as carbon dioxide bubble formation and a progressive increase in foam level, which reflect active metabolic and fermentation processes.

=== Conclusion:- ===
This project Shows a Low- Cost Smart Bioreactor System it is suitable for college students and Small Research centre or Laboratories. It bridges the gap between the Expensive System that cause in small research centre or Laboratories and College student is not practical on this due to expensive .My project is basically designed To show this major problem . It is upgraded with IoT based remote monitoring Dissolving oxygen Sensing, data to fermentation prediction and process optimization.

=== Flowchart:- ===
 Start

  ↓

  Read Temperature Sensor

  ↓

  Read Water Level / Foam Sensor

  ↓ 

 Check Aeration and Bubble Formation

  ↓

  Analyze Growth Conditions

  ↓ 

 Display Result on LCD

  ↓ 

 Growth Active / No Growth

==== Reference:- ====

# https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioreactor
# https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Bioreactor_System_Design/jM2jhnWZjhEC?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=%22Bioreactor%22+-wikipedia&amp;pg=PA380&amp;printsec=frontcover
# https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/eng2.12059
# Łata B (2007) Cultivation, mineral nutrition and seed production of Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don in the temperate climate zone. Phytochemistry Reviews 6: 403- 411.

==== Images make in Wokwi:- ====
[[File:Smart_bioreactor_arduino_aeration_led_status.png|thumb|955x955px|[[File:Matlab Simulation.png]]Output status screen: aeration and the indicator LED are both off.]]
[[File:Smart_bioreactor_arduino_live_readings.png|thumb|956x956px|Live temperature and liquid level readings on the LCD.]]
[[File:Smart_bioreactor_arduino_low_level_alert.png|thumb|931x931px|Level alert: the system reports that the liquid level is low.]]
[[File:Smart_bioreactor_arduino_temperature_alert.png|thumb|932x932px|Temperature alert: the LCD warns that the temperature is above 30 °C.]]</text>
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      <text bytes="6677" sha1="omra60ku1p84xkcq2du87df5ykjs9p2" xml:space="preserve">'''Hardware Security in Communication Devices''' is an introduction to how the physical parts of communication devices can be attacked and protected.

__TOC__

== Introduction ==
Communication devices such as phones, routers, key fobs, SIM cards and IoT sensors store secret keys and talk over wireless links. Most security discussion focuses on software and protocols, but the hardware itself can also be attacked. This matters because many devices are physically accessible, so an attacker can hold them, measure them or open them. Also, a flaw in hardware is usually much harder to fix than a software bug.

=== Security goals ===
* '''Confidentiality:''' secrets such as keys stay hidden.
* '''Integrity:''' code and data are not changed by an attacker.
* '''Authenticity:''' the device can prove its identity.
* '''Availability:''' the device keeps working when attacked.

=== Threat model ===
A '''threat model''' describes who the attacker is, what access they have and what they want. For example, a car key fob must defend against someone who can record its radio signal, while a bank card must also defend against someone with lab equipment. Security is always judged against a chosen threat model.

=== Types of hardware attacks ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Type !! Idea
|-
| Side-channel || Learn secrets by watching time, power or emissions
|-
| Fault injection || Disturb the chip so it makes mistakes
|-
| Invasive || Open the chip or use debug ports
|-
| Supply chain || Fake or tampered parts and firmware
|}

== Anatomy of a Communication Device ==
To protect a device we first need to know what is inside it. A typical wireless device such as a smartphone or an ESP32-based IoT node has the blocks below.

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Block !! What it does !! Security risk
|-
| Antenna and RF front end || Sends and receives radio signals || Jamming, eavesdropping
|-
| ADC / DAC || Converts between analog and digital signals || Signal manipulation
|-
| Baseband processor || Modulation, demodulation and protocol handling || Bugs in protocol code
|-
| Processor / MCU || Runs the main software || Malware, firmware attacks
|-
| Memory (Flash, RAM, ROM) || Stores code, data and keys || Key extraction, firmware dumping
|-
| Crypto accelerator || Does AES, SHA, ECC in hardware || Side-channel leakage
|-
| Debug ports (JTAG, UART) || Used by developers for testing || If left open, attackers can control the chip
|-
| Power supply and clock || Powers and times the chip || Glitching
|}

Data from the antenna goes through the RF front end, is converted to digital, processed by the baseband, and then passed to the processor, which may use the crypto accelerator. Each step is a place where an attacker might listen or interfere. The '''attack surface''' is the total set of places where an attacker can interact with the device, such as the wireless link, pins, debug port and update mechanism. A smaller attack surface is easier to defend.

== Side-Channel Attacks ==
A '''side-channel attack''' does not break the algorithm itself. It measures the physical behaviour of the device while it runs and uses that to learn secrets such as keys.

=== Why side channels exist ===
In CMOS circuits, power is consumed when transistors switch, and the switching depends on the data being processed. So the power drawn by a chip carries a small amount of information about the data and the key.

=== Types ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Type !! What is measured
|-
| Timing attack || How long an operation takes
|-
| Power analysis || Power or current drawn by the chip
|-
| Electromagnetic analysis || EM emissions near the chip
|}

=== Timing attack example ===
Suppose a device checks a password one byte at a time and stops at the first wrong byte. A wrong first byte returns faster than a correct first byte. By measuring the response time, an attacker can guess the password byte by byte. The fix is a '''constant-time comparison''' that always checks every byte.

=== Power analysis ===
* '''SPA (Simple Power Analysis):''' look directly at a single power trace to see patterns of operations.
* '''DPA / CPA (Differential / Correlation Power Analysis):''' record many traces and use statistics to find the key, even when a single trace looks like noise.

This links to communication systems: averaging many traces reduces noise, just like improving the SNR of a received signal.

=== Defenses ===
Common defenses are constant-time code, random delays, and '''masking''', where a secret value is split into random shares so that no single measured value depends directly on the secret.

== Supply Chain Threats and Defenses ==
A chip passes through many stages: design, fabrication, packaging, assembly and distribution. A problem at any stage can affect security.

=== Threats ===
* '''Hardware Trojans:''' a malicious change inside a circuit that stays hidden until a rare trigger, then leaks data or disables the device. It is hard to detect because the chip passes normal tests.
* '''Counterfeit components:''' fake or recycled parts sold as genuine. They may fail early or behave unexpectedly.
* '''Tampered firmware:''' firmware modified during manufacturing or through a fake update.

=== Defenses ===
* '''Trusted suppliers:''' buying from authorized distributors reduces counterfeit parts.
* '''Signed firmware and secure boot:''' the device checks a digital signature before running code, so modified firmware is rejected.
* '''Device authentication:''' unique device IDs or PUFs help confirm a part is genuine.
* '''Testing and inspection:''' checking sample parts can reveal fakes or unexpected behaviour.

== Application Case Studies ==
=== SIM card ===
A SIM is a small secure chip that holds a secret key shared with the mobile operator. When the phone connects to the network, the network sends a random challenge and the SIM calculates a response using its key, without ever revealing the key. Because the key must stay inside the chip, SIMs must resist side-channel and physical attacks.

=== Car key fob ===
Early key fobs sent a fixed code, so an attacker could record the signal and replay it to open the car. Modern fobs use '''rolling codes''' or cryptographic challenge-response so that a recorded signal cannot be reused. This shows that the communication protocol and the hardware security must be designed together.

=== IoT sensor node ===
Low-cost IoT devices often skip security to save cost. Common problems are default passwords, open debug ports, unencrypted firmware and no secure update method. Locking debug ports, encrypting firmware and using signed updates fixes many of these issues.

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;

{{BookCat}}</text>
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    <title>User:Arnabdidsomethinggood/sandbox/Introduction</title>
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      <text bytes="4129" sha1="6m0mrbooakd73gv497pslqle62ho50z" xml:space="preserve">== Introduction to Hardware Security ==
Modern life depends on communication devices: phones, routers, car key fobs, payment cards, medical sensors and industrial controllers. Each one contains hardware that stores secrets, processes sensitive data and talks over a channel an attacker may be able to observe. Strong cryptography on paper is not enough if the device that implements it leaks information or can be physically manipulated.

This chapter explains why hardware is a security boundary, introduces the idea of a threat model, and gives a taxonomy of hardware attacks that the rest of the book follows.

== Why hardware security matters ==
Software security assumes that the underlying hardware behaves as specified. Hardware security questions that assumption. Three observations motivate the field:

* '''Devices are physically accessible.''' Unlike a server in a locked data center, a smart meter, sensor node or key fob sits in the field where an attacker can hold it, measure it and open it.
* '''Implementations leak.''' A cryptographic algorithm can be mathematically secure while its hardware implementation reveals secrets through timing, power consumption or electromagnetic emissions.
* '''Hardware is hard to patch.''' A flaw in silicon or in a mask-programmed boot ROM often cannot be fixed after manufacture, so mistakes are costly and long-lived.

== Security goals ==
Hardware mechanisms usually support the following goals:

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Goal !! Meaning !! Hardware example
|-
| Confidentiality || Secrets are not disclosed || Key storage in a secure element
|-
| Integrity || Code and data are not modified || Secure boot verifying signed firmware
|-
| Authenticity || A device proves who it is || Device-unique key or PUF response
|-
| Availability || The device keeps working || Tamper-resistant, glitch-resistant design
|}

== Threat models ==
A '''threat model''' states who the attacker is, what they can do, and what they want. Without one, it is impossible to say whether a design is &quot;secure&quot;. A basic threat model answers four questions:

# '''Assets:''' What must be protected (keys, firmware, user data)?
# '''Attacker capabilities:''' What access do they have (remote only, physical access, lab equipment)?
# '''Attacker goals:''' Extract a key, clone a device, disrupt service, or install malicious code?
# '''Trust boundary:''' Which components are assumed trustworthy?

=== Attacker classes ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Class !! Typical resources !! Typical access
|-
| Remote attacker || Standard computer, radio equipment || Over the air or network only
|-
| Local attacker || Basic tools, inexpensive hardware || Can touch the device and use external interfaces
|-
| Skilled lab attacker || Oscilloscope, probes, fault equipment || Can measure and perturb the device
|-
| Well-funded attacker || Chip-level analysis equipment || Can decapsulate and modify the chip
|}

A design is normally judged against a chosen class. A low-cost IoT sensor may reasonably defend against local attackers only, while a payment smart card must resist skilled lab attackers.


== Defense in depth ==
No single countermeasure is sufficient. Practical designs layer several defenses: a hardware root of trust, secure boot, isolated execution, side-channel-resistant cryptography, and tamper detection. Part III of this book describes each layer and its limits.

== Ethics and scope ==
This book explains attack concepts so that engineers can build better defenses. It does not provide step-by-step procedures for compromising specific commercial products. Readers should only test devices they own or have explicit permission to evaluate, and should follow responsible disclosure when they find vulnerabilities.

== Summary ==
* Hardware is a security boundary, and physical access changes what attackers can do.
* Secure algorithms can still be broken through leaky or manipulable implementations.
* A threat model defines what &quot;secure&quot; means for a given device.
* Attacks fall into passive, active, invasive, interface and supply chain categories.
* Real protection comes from layered defenses.</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Nf3/2...Nc6/3. Bc4/3...Bc5/4. d3/4...Nf6/5. Nc3</title>
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        <username>JCrue</username>
        <id>2226064</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>format, brief analysis</comment>
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      <text bytes="940" sha1="jzc6v571bvbhd4gryrzld9kelhb5e4m" xml:space="preserve">{{Chess Opening Theory/Position
|name=Giuoco pianissimo
|eco=[[Chess/ECOC|C50]]
|parent=[[Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Nf3/2...Nc6/3. Bc4|Italian game]] → [[Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Nf3/2...Nc6/3. Bc4/3...Bc5/4. d3|Giuoco pianissimo]] → [[../|4...Nf6]]
}}
== 5. Nc3 ==

5. Nc3 is a sideline. Although a reasonable developing move, it is more common for White to wish to play pawn to c3 (either 5. c3 or 5. O-O d6 6. c3), and the knight on c3 prevents this idea, at least for now. This is a position that may arrive from the Italian game or via the Italian variation of the four knights opening. 

After '''5...d6''', an idea is 6. Bg5, the Canal variation, where after 6...h6 7. Bxf6 Qxf6 8. Nd5 Qd8 the knight has moved into the centre with tempo and White is able to play c3 after all. 

== Theory table ==
{{ChessTable}}

{{ChessMid}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}
=== See also ===
{{Chess Opening Theory/Footer}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>IsiXhosa for Healthcare Professionals</title>
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      <id>4680078</id>
      <parentid>4679715</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-05T01:00:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JackBot</username>
        <id>396820</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Formatting, [[Special:UncategorizedPages]]</comment>
      <origin>4680078</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="586" sha1="nvh5e2b463es5gstzdp3hv09j4oar2n" xml:space="preserve">M1L1_G'''reeting_Ukubulisa'''

Molo

Molweni

Ndibulisile

M1L2 – '''Uziva njani?''' – How are you feeling?

Unjani?

Ninjani?

Uziva njani?

Namhlanje

Niziva njani?

Niziva njani namhlanje?

Siziva ngcono namhlanje.

Uziva njani namhlanje?

M1L3 - '''Igama (Name)'''/ Work (Umsebenzi)

Igama lam ngu-

igama

lam

WAM

YAM

umsebenzi wam

ifani yam

Umsebenzi
(Activity)

Icandelo lakho kwezempilo
(Your healthcare branch)

M1L4 - '''Nceda''' - help_ please

Ndiyathemba niyaphila namhlanje

Nceda

Nceda, hlala phantsi.

Ndingakunceda?

Ndingakunceda njani nahlanje?

{{shelves}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Nf3/2...Nc6/3. Bc4/3...Nf6/4. Ng5/4...d5/5. exd5/5...Nxd5/6. Nxf7/6...Kxf7/7. Qf3/7...Ke6/8. Nc3/8...Nb4/9.0-0!!</title>
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        <username>MathXplore</username>
        <id>3097823</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Added {{[[Template:BookCat|BookCat]]}} using [[User:1234qwer1234qwer4/BookCat.js|BookCat.js]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="370" sha1="9rc0z6xdftbzmds7tdl8uvctuz0cbhn" xml:space="preserve">'''9. 0-0!!'''
White sacrifices c-pawn and the rook. After '''9... c6''' ('''9... Nxc2?? 10. Bxd5+-''') white plays '''10. d4!''' and white has a excellent attack!. If Black moves '''10... Nxc2?? 11. exd4!! Nxa1 12. Rd1!+-''' White have a great winning position. The best move for black is '''10... Qf6!? 11.Qd1+=''' and black has a slightly worse position.

{{BookCat}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>User:Tej-09/sandbox</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
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    <revision>
      <id>4680119</id>
      <parentid>4679828</parentid>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Tej-09</username>
        <id>3629922</id>
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      <comment>/* Embedded Systems */</comment>
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      <text bytes="83" sha1="1f5tw0910ghkx767hlh8p3ms0s0tep1" xml:space="preserve">= Embedded Systems in Autonomous Robotics: The Brain Behind Intelligent Machines. =</text>
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  <page>
    <title>On 2D Inverse Problems/Complex</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <contributor>
        <username>JackBot</username>
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      <text bytes="453" sha1="5nzrferzt63es14tph5e6jlw8r2hgmd" xml:space="preserve">The points of complex plane or 2D numbers can be written in two ways:
&lt;math&gt;
z=x+iy=re^{i\theta},\bar{z}=x-iy.
&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;
|z|^2=z\bar{z}
&lt;/math&gt;
and
&lt;math&gt;
\Lambda_1^2=\partial_\theta \partial_\theta^*=-\partial_{\theta\theta}
&lt;/math&gt;
is the square of the response of the circle and disc.
The linear fractional transformation,
&lt;math&gt;\tau(z)=\frac{1-z}{1+z}&lt;/math&gt; maps unit disc into half-plane and &lt;math&gt;\tau\circ\tau=identity.&lt;/math&gt;

{{BookCat}}</text>
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    <title>Professionalism/Air India Flight 171</title>
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        <id>3579825</id>
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      <comment>/* Background */</comment>
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      <text bytes="699" sha1="dip0ql0uknzq1zdo86dna5nylx5e9cc" xml:space="preserve">'''CLASS PROJECT IN PROGRESS: DO NOT DELETE'''

== Background ==
On June 12, 2025, Air India Flight 171 took off from Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel International Airport in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India en route to London Gatwick Airport. At 8:09 UTC, the plane crashed into the Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Medical College student housing buildings, 32 seconds after takeoff. 

== Investigation and Timeline ==

== Institutional Responses ==

=== Air India ===

=== Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) ===

=== Aircraft Accident Investigation Bureau (AAIB) ===

=== UK Government ===

== Professionalism and Deflection of Responsibility ==

== Conclusion ==

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{BookCat}}
{{BookCat}}</text>
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        <username>Yqj3km</username>
        <id>3579825</id>
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      <text bytes="1439" sha1="pb9g8ruid98gr1rv23q7oidbvkkkcyz" xml:space="preserve">'''CLASS PROJECT IN PROGRESS: DO NOT DELETE'''

== Background ==
On June 12, 2025, Air India Flight 171 took off from Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel International Airport in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India en route to London Gatwick Airport. At 8:09 UTC, the plane crashed into the Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Medical College student housing buildings, 32 seconds after takeoff. The crash killed 229 of the 230 passengers, all 12 crew members, and 19 people on the ground, bringing the total death rate to 260 people. Additionally, 67 people were injured.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |title=Air India Flight 171 |date=2026-11-02 |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Air_India_Flight_171&amp;oldid=1383313049 |work=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-11-04 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;  

The plane was a Boeing 787-8 Dreamliner registered as VT-ANB. It joined the Air India fleet in January 2014, and recorded 41,868 hours of flight-time. Both of the plane's engines, General Electric GEnx-1B70, were installed less than three months before the crash.&lt;ref&gt;https://aaib.gov.in/What%27s%20New%20Assets/Preliminary%20Report%20VT-ANB.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;  

== Investigation and Timeline ==

== Institutional Responses ==

=== Air India ===

=== Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) ===

=== Aircraft Accident Investigation Bureau (AAIB) ===

=== UK Government ===

== Professionalism and Deflection of Responsibility ==

== Conclusion ==

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
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== Background ==
On June 12, 2025, Air India Flight 171 took off from Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel International Airport in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India en route to London Gatwick Airport. At 8:09 UTC, the plane crashed into the Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Medical College student housing buildings, 32 seconds after takeoff. The crash killed 229 of the 230 passengers, all 12 crew members, and 19 people on the ground, bringing the total death rate to 260 people. Additionally, 67 people were injured.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |title=Air India Flight 171 |date=2026-11-02 |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Air_India_Flight_171&amp;oldid=1383313049 |work=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-11-04 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;  

The plane was a Boeing 787-8 Dreamliner registered as VT-ANB. It joined the Air India fleet in January 2014, and recorded 41,868 hours of flight-time. Both of the plane's engines, General Electric GEnx-1B70, were installed less than three months before the crash.&lt;ref&gt;https://aaib.gov.in/What%27s%20New%20Assets/Preliminary%20Report%20VT-ANB.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;  

== Investigation and Timeline ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+
!Date
!Event
|-
|June 12, 2025
|Flight AI171 crashes.
|-
|July 12, 2025
|Preliminary investigation report published by India's AAIB.
|-
|June 12, 2026
|One-year interim statement issued by India's AAIB.
|-
|(insert)
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|-
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|-
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|-
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|}

== Institutional Responses ==

=== Air India ===

=== Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) ===

=== Aircraft Accident Investigation Bureau (AAIB) ===

=== UK Government ===

== Professionalism and Deflection of Responsibility ==

== Conclusion ==

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{BookCat}}
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== Background ==
On June 12, 2025, Air India Flight 171 took off from Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel International Airport in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India en route to London Gatwick Airport. At 8:09 UTC, the plane crashed into the Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Medical College student housing buildings, 32 seconds after takeoff. The crash killed 229 of the 230 passengers, all 12 crew members, and 19 people on the ground, bringing the total death rate to 260 people. Additionally, 67 people were injured.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |title=Air India Flight 171 |date=2026-11-02 |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Air_India_Flight_171&amp;oldid=1383313049 |work=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-11-04 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;  

The plane was a Boeing 787-8 Dreamliner registered as VT-ANB. It joined the Air India fleet in January 2014, and recorded 41,868 hours of flight-time. Both of the plane's engines, General Electric GEnx-1B70, were installed less than three months before the crash.&lt;ref&gt;https://aaib.gov.in/What%27s%20New%20Assets/Preliminary%20Report%20VT-ANB.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;  

== Investigation and Timeline ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+
!Date
!Event
|-
|June 12, 2025
|Flight AI171 crashes.
|-
|July 12, 2025
|Preliminary investigation report published by India's AAIB.
|-
|June 12, 2026
|One-year interim statement issued by India's AAIB.
|-
|(insert)
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|-
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|-
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|-
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|}

== Institutional Responses ==

=== Air India ===

=== Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) ===

=== Aircraft Accident Investigation Bureau (AAIB) ===

=== UK Government ===

== Professionalism and Deflection of Responsibility ==

== Conclusion and Future Updates ==

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
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= Vemulawada, Telangana – History, Culture, Tourism and Development =

=== Introduction ===
Vemulawada is a historically and culturally significant town located in Rajanna Sircilla district in the Indian state of Telangana. The town is widely known for the famous Sri Raja Rajeshwara Swamy Temple, which is dedicated to Lord Shiva. Due to its religious importance, Vemulawada is popularly known as &quot;Dakshina Kasi&quot;, meaning the Southern Varanasi.

Vemulawada is not only a religious destination but also an important historical place in the Deccan region. It was once the capital of the Chalukyas of Vemulawada, a dynasty that played an important role in the political and cultural history of the region. Historical inscriptions and ancient temples provide evidence of its importance during the medieval period.

Today, Vemulawada attracts devotees, tourists and researchers interested in its religious traditions, historical monuments and cultural heritage. Its development is supported by tourism, agriculture, local businesses and public infrastructure.

=== Geographical Location ===
Vemulawada is situated in the northern part of Telangana. It is located in Rajanna Sircilla district and has the postal PIN code 505302.

The town is connected by road to several important places in Telangana, including Sircilla, Karimnagar and other nearby towns. Its geographical location makes it an important destination for people travelling from different parts of the state.

The surrounding region includes agricultural lands, villages, settlements and water resources. Agriculture and other local activities contribute to the livelihoods of people living in and around the town.

Vemulawada experiences a tropical climate, with three major seasons:

* '''Summer:''' The summer season generally occurs between March and May, with relatively high temperatures.
* '''Monsoon:''' The monsoon season usually extends from June to September and brings rainfall to the surrounding agricultural areas.
* '''Winter:''' The winter months are generally from November to February, with comparatively pleasant weather.

The geographical location and road connectivity of Vemulawada contribute to its importance as a regional religious and commercial centre.

=== Historical Background ===
Vemulawada has an important place in the history of Telangana. During the medieval period, it served as the capital of the Chalukyas of Vemulawada, who were associated with the powerful Rashtrakuta Empire.

The Chalukyas of Vemulawada ruled parts of the Deccan region approximately between the eighth and tenth centuries. Their administration, religious activities and cultural contributions helped establish Vemulawada as an important centre of the period.

One of the notable rulers of this dynasty was Arikesari II. His court was associated with the famous Kannada poet Adikavi Pampa. Pampa composed important literary works, including Vikramarjuna Vijaya, also known as Pampa Bharata, and Adipurana.

Historical inscriptions discovered in Vemulawada provide valuable information about the rulers, administration, religious institutions and social conditions of the region. These inscriptions are important sources for understanding the history of medieval Telangana.

The historical importance of Vemulawada is also reflected in its temples. Several temple names are mentioned in inscriptions associated with the Chalukya period. These records demonstrate that the town was an important centre of religious and cultural activities.

After the decline of the Vemulawada Chalukyas, the region came under the influence of other political powers, including later Chalukya rulers. Despite these political changes, Vemulawada continued to maintain its religious and cultural importance.

=== Sri Raja Rajeshwara Swamy Temple ===
The Sri Raja Rajeshwara Swamy Temple is the most famous landmark of Vemulawada. It is one of the important Shiva temples in Telangana and attracts thousands of devotees throughout the year.

The presiding deity of the temple is Lord Shiva, worshipped as Sri Raja Rajeshwara Swamy. Devotees commonly refer to the deity as Rajanna.

The temple is popularly known as Dakshina Kasi because of its religious significance. It is an important pilgrimage destination for devotees who visit to perform prayers and participate in traditional rituals.

The temple complex also contains shrines dedicated to Sri Raja Rajeshwari Devi and Sri Lakshmi Sahitha Siddhi Vinayaka. These shrines contribute to the religious importance of the temple complex.

One of the well-known religious traditions associated with Vemulawada is Kode Mokku. It is a special form of offering in which devotees participate in a traditional ritual involving a bull as an expression of their devotion.

The temple is especially crowded during Maha Shivaratri and other important religious occasions. Its historical background, religious practices and cultural traditions make it one of the major pilgrimage centres in Telangana.

=== Religious Festivals and Cultural Traditions ===
Festivals are an important part of the cultural identity of Vemulawada. Religious celebrations bring together people from different villages, towns and states.

==== '''Maha Shivaratri''' ====
Maha Shivaratri is one of the most important festivals celebrated at the Sri Raja Rajeshwara Swamy Temple. The festival is dedicated to Lord Shiva. Devotees visit the temple to perform special prayers, participate in religious rituals and seek blessings.

During this period, the number of visitors increases significantly. Special arrangements are generally required for crowd management, transportation and other facilities.

==== '''Kalyanotsavam''' ====
Kalyanotsavam is an important religious celebration associated with the divine marriage of the presiding deities. It is observed through traditional ceremonies and devotional activities.

==== '''Bathukamma''' ====
Bathukamma is a major cultural festival of Telangana. It is celebrated mainly by women, who arrange different varieties of seasonal flowers in beautiful circular formations.

Women participate in traditional songs and dances during the festival. Bathukamma represents the relationship between nature, flowers, community life and the cultural traditions of Telangana.

==== '''Other Festivals''' ====
Other religious occasions, including Sri Rama Navami, Ganesh Chaturthi, Hanuman Jayanti and Karthika Masam celebrations, are also observed in the region.

These festivals help preserve traditional customs and strengthen the cultural relationships among local communities.

=== Important Tourist and Religious Attractions ===
Vemulawada and its surrounding areas contain several religious and historical attractions.

==== '''Sri Raja Rajeshwara Swamy Temple''' ====
The main temple is the primary attraction of Vemulawada. Its religious significance and historical background make it an important destination for pilgrims and tourists.

==== '''Nampally Gutta''' ====
Nampally Gutta is a hill located near Vemulawada. It is known for the Sri Lakshmi Narasimha Swamy Temple situated on the hill. The shrine attracts devotees who visit to offer prayers.

The hill also provides a different natural setting for visitors interested in exploring the surroundings of Vemulawada.

==== '''Historical Inscriptions''' ====
The historical inscriptions found in and around Vemulawada are important attractions for people interested in archaeology and history. They provide information about the Chalukya rulers, temple construction, religious donations and historical events.

These inscriptions help researchers understand the development of the region during the medieval period.

=== Education and Social Development ===
Education is an important factor in the social and economic development of Vemulawada. Schools and educational institutions in the town and surrounding areas provide learning opportunities for students.

Students pursue education in different fields, including science, mathematics, commerce, arts and technology. Higher education and technical education also provide opportunities for young people to develop professional skills.

Healthcare facilities, sanitation, drinking water supply and public services are equally important for the development of the town.

The increasing use of computers, smartphones and internet connectivity has created new opportunities for students and businesses. Digital education and online government services can improve access to information and public facilities.

Continued investment in educational institutions, healthcare and basic infrastructure can contribute to the overall development of Vemulawada.

=== Economy and Occupation ===
The economy of Vemulawada is supported by agriculture, religious tourism, local trade and service activities.

Agriculture is an important occupation in the surrounding rural areas. Farmers cultivate different crops depending on seasonal rainfall, irrigation facilities and soil conditions.

Religious tourism also contributes significantly to the local economy. The large number of devotees visiting the Sri Raja Rajeshwara Swamy Temple creates demand for hotels, restaurants, transportation, accommodation and shops.

Small businesses and retail establishments provide essential goods and services to residents and visitors. Local markets also support commercial activities in the town.

Tourism-related activities create employment opportunities for people working in transportation, hospitality, food services and other occupations.

The combination of agricultural activities, religious tourism and local businesses supports the economic life of Vemulawada.

=== Transportation and Connectivity ===
Transportation is important for connecting Vemulawada with neighbouring towns, villages and major cities.

==== '''Road Transportation''' ====
Vemulawada has road connectivity with several important places in Telangana. Telangana State Road Transport Corporation (TGSRTC) provides bus services connecting the town with places such as Hyderabad, Karimnagar, Sircilla and other regional destinations.

Road transportation is particularly important during religious festivals when large numbers of devotees travel to the town.

==== '''Railway Transportation''' ====
Vemulawada does not have a major railway station within the town. Visitors can use nearby railway stations, including Karimnagar and Kamareddy, depending on their travel route.

==== '''Air Transportation''' ====
Rajiv Gandhi International Airport in Hyderabad is the nearest major airport commonly used by visitors travelling to Vemulawada from distant locations.

After reaching Hyderabad, visitors can continue their journey to Vemulawada by road.

Improving road facilities, public transportation and parking arrangements can make travel more convenient for residents and tourists.

=== Tourism and Its Impact on Local Development ===
Tourism plays an important role in the development of Vemulawada. The Sri Raja Rajeshwara Swamy Temple attracts devotees throughout the year, making religious tourism one of the major activities in the town.

The arrival of visitors supports several local businesses. Hotels, restaurants, shops, transportation services and accommodation facilities benefit from tourism-related activities.

Tourism also helps increase awareness of the historical and cultural importance of Vemulawada. Visitors interested in temples, inscriptions and regional traditions contribute to the preservation and recognition of its heritage.

However, large numbers of visitors can also create certain challenges. Traffic congestion, waste generation, overcrowding and pressure on public facilities are some of the issues that need attention.

Proper planning, cleanliness, environmental protection and effective crowd management are necessary for sustainable tourism development.

=== Modern Development and Future Opportunities ===
Vemulawada has opportunities for further development in infrastructure, tourism, education, transportation and digital services.

Modern facilities can improve the quality of life for residents while making the town more convenient for visitors.

Some important areas for future development include:

'''Smart Tourism:''' Digital information systems, online visitor information, digital maps and improved booking facilities can make travel more convenient.

'''Infrastructure Development:''' Better roads, parking facilities, sanitation and public transportation can support the increasing number of visitors.

'''Digital Connectivity:''' Improved internet facilities and access to online services can support education, businesses and government activities.

'''Environmental Protection:''' Proper waste management, water conservation and maintaining clean surroundings are important for sustainable development.

'''Educational Opportunities:''' Improved educational facilities, computer training and technical education can help students develop skills required for modern employment.

By combining its historical identity with modern infrastructure and technology, Vemulawada can continue to develop as an important religious, cultural and regional centre.

=== Conclusion ===
Vemulawada is an important historical and religious town in Rajanna Sircilla district of Telangana. Its association with the Chalukyas of Vemulawada, historical inscriptions and the famous Sri Raja Rajeshwara Swamy Temple make it a significant destination in the history and culture of South India.

The town is also known for its religious festivals, traditional customs and tourism activities. Agriculture, local businesses and visitor-related services contribute to its economic development.

Preserving historical monuments, improving public facilities, promoting sustainable tourism and developing educational opportunities are important for the future growth of Vemulawada.

The combination of historical heritage, religious importance, cultural traditions and modern development makes Vemulawada a notable town in Telangana.

=== References ===

# Rajanna Sircilla District Administration, Government of Telangana. &quot;Vemulawada – Tourist Place.&quot; &lt;nowiki&gt;https://rajannasircilla.telangana.gov.in/tourist-place/vemulawada/&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# Rajanna Sircilla District Administration, Government of Telangana. &quot;Tourism.&quot; &lt;nowiki&gt;https://rajannasircilla.telangana.gov.in/tourism/&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# Dr. MCR Human Resource Development Institute, Government of Telangana. &quot;Epigraphia Telanganica.&quot; &lt;nowiki&gt;https://www.mcrhrdi.gov.in/epigraphia.html&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# Government of India, Census of India. &quot;District Census Handbook: Karimnagar.&quot; &lt;nowiki&gt;https://censusindia.gov.in/&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# Archaeological Department, Government of Hyderabad. N. Venkataramanayya, &quot;The Chalukyas of Lemulavada&quot; (1953). Historical monograph on the Chalukya dynasty of Vemulawada.
# Government of Telangana. &quot;Rajanna Sircilla District Official Website.&quot; &lt;nowiki&gt;https://rajannasircilla.telangana.gov.in/&lt;/nowiki&gt;</text>
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      <comment>Created page with &quot;{{Chess Opening Theory/Position |Scotch Game, Schmidt Variation |eco=[[Chess/ECOC|C45]] |parent=[[Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Nf3/2...Nc6/3. d4|Scotch game]] → [[../|3...exd4]] }} ==Scotch Game, Schmidt Variation== '''4...Nf6'''  With 4...Nf6, Black develops their knight and puts immediate pressure on the e4 pawn. The natural [[Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Nf3/2...Nc6/3. Nc3/3...Nf6/4. d4/4...exd4/5. Nxd4|'''5. Nc3''']] is, in fact, a sideline. This tr...&quot;</comment>
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==Scotch Game, Schmidt Variation==
'''4...Nf6'''

With 4...Nf6, Black develops their knight and puts immediate pressure on the e4 pawn. The natural [[Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Nf3/2...Nc6/3. Nc3/3...Nf6/4. d4/4...exd4/5. Nxd4|'''5. Nc3''']] is, in fact, a sideline. This transposes into the Four Knights Scotch, which, while solid and simple to play, is not very testing. Instead, the main move is [[/5. Nxc6|'''5...Nxc6''']], planning to push e4-e5 and ask Black some questions concerning the f6 knight.
{{ChessMid}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{BCO2}}
{{Chess Opening Theory/Footer}}</text>
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      <comment>Created page with &quot;{{Chess Opening Theory/Position |Scotch Game, Schmidt Variation |eco=[[Chess/ECOC|C45]] |parent=[[Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Nf3/2...Nc6/3. d4|Scotch game]] → [[../|3...exd4]] }} ==Scotch Game, Schmidt Variation== '''5. Nxc6''' '''5...dxc6?!''' would simply let White respond with 6. Qxd8+, where we reach an endgame where Black has a busted pawn structure for nothing. Black also wants to be able to push ...d7-d5 at some point. So [[/5...bxc6|'''5...bxc6''']] i...&quot;</comment>
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==Scotch Game, Schmidt Variation==
'''5. Nxc6'''
'''5...dxc6?!''' would simply let White respond with 6. Qxd8+, where we reach an endgame where Black has a busted pawn structure for nothing. Black also wants to be able to push ...d7-d5 at some point. So [[/5...bxc6|'''5...bxc6''']] is the way to go. 
{{ChessMid}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{BCO2}}
{{Chess Opening Theory/Footer}}</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>4679958</id>
      <parentid>4679957</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-04T14:18:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Littlefairy37</username>
        <id>3629963</id>
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|Scotch Game, Schmidt Variation
|eco=[[Chess/ECOC|C45]]
|parent=[[Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Nf3/2...Nc6/3. d4|Scotch game]] → [[../|3...exd4]]
}}
==Scotch Game, Schmidt Variation==
'''5. Nxc6'''

'''5...dxc6?!''' would simply let White respond with 6. Qxd8+, where we reach an endgame where Black has a busted pawn structure for nothing. Black also wants to be able to push ...d7-d5 at some point. So [[/5...bxc6|'''5...bxc6''']] is the way to go. 
{{ChessMid}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{BCO2}}
{{Chess Opening Theory/Footer}}</text>
      <sha1>q1onjmfy1vxtcpttj0waab43phbhlue</sha1>
    </revision>
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  <page>
    <title>Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Nf3/2...Nc6/3. d4/3...exd4/4. Nxd4/4...Nf6/5. Nxc6/5...bxc6</title>
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      <contributor>
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        <id>3629963</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{{Chess Opening Theory/Position |Scotch Game, Schmidt Variation |eco=[[Chess/ECOC|C45]] |parent=[[Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Nf3/2...Nc6/3. d4|Scotch game]] → [[../|3...exd4]] }} ==Scotch Game, Schmidt Variation== '''5...bxc6'''  White still has to do something about the e4 pawn. The calm moves '''6. Nc3''' (which would transpose back to the Scotch Four Knights) and [[/6. Bd3|'''6. Bd3''']] are perfectly playable, but the mainline is the ambitious /6. e5|''...&quot;</comment>
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|Scotch Game, Schmidt Variation
|eco=[[Chess/ECOC|C45]]
|parent=[[Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Nf3/2...Nc6/3. d4|Scotch game]] → [[../|3...exd4]]
}}
==Scotch Game, Schmidt Variation==
'''5...bxc6'''

White still has to do something about the e4 pawn. The calm moves '''6. Nc3''' (which would transpose back to the Scotch Four Knights) and [[/6. Bd3|'''6. Bd3''']] are perfectly playable, but the mainline is the ambitious [[/6. e5|'''6. e5''']], grabbing more space and attacking the f6-knight. Black may have to come up with an equally bold response to that.

{{ChessMid}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{BCO2}}
{{Chess Opening Theory/Footer}}</text>
      <sha1>3wmkj0mt3brodoraxas540szu03mmeo</sha1>
    </revision>
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  <page>
    <title>Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Nf3/2...Nc6/3. d4/3...exd4/4. Nxd4/4...Nf6/5. Nxc6/5...bxc6/6. e5</title>
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      <timestamp>2026-11-04T14:33:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
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        <id>3629963</id>
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      <comment>Created page with &quot;{{Chess Opening Theory/Position |Scotch Game, Mieses Variation |eco=[[Chess/ECOC|C45]] |parent=[[Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Nf3/2...Nc6/3. d4|Scotch game]] → [[../|3...exd4]] }} ==Scotch Game, Mieses Variation== '''6. e5'''  Black’s knight is attacked, so what options do they have?  It’s natural to retreat with 6...Nd5 and 6...Ne4. These moves aren’t losing per se, but Black can do better.  And that’s with [[/6...Qe7|'''6...Qe7''']].  {{ChessMid}} ==R...&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="539" sha1="7xu9rmcx84vng1ozji98xi6vdc2jlas" xml:space="preserve">{{Chess Opening Theory/Position
|Scotch Game, Mieses Variation
|eco=[[Chess/ECOC|C45]]
|parent=[[Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Nf3/2...Nc6/3. d4|Scotch game]] → [[../|3...exd4]]
}}
==Scotch Game, Mieses Variation==
'''6. e5'''

Black’s knight is attacked, so what options do they have?

It’s natural to retreat with 6...Nd5 and 6...Ne4. These moves aren’t losing per se, but Black can do better.

And that’s with [[/6...Qe7|'''6...Qe7''']]. 
{{ChessMid}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{BCO2}}
{{Chess Opening Theory/Footer}}</text>
      <sha1>7xu9rmcx84vng1ozji98xi6vdc2jlas</sha1>
    </revision>
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  <page>
    <title>Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Nf3/2...Nc6/3. d4/3...exd4/4. Nxd4/4...Nf6/5. Nxc6/5...bxc6/6. e5/6...Qe7</title>
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    <revision>
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      <timestamp>2026-11-04T14:35:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Littlefairy37</username>
        <id>3629963</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{{Chess Opening Theory/Position |Scotch Game, Mieses Variation |eco=[[Chess/ECOC|C45]] |parent=[[Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Nf3/2...Nc6/3. d4|Scotch game]] → [[../|3...exd4]] }} ==Scotch Game, Mieses Variation== '''6...Qe7'''  White has to respond with 7. Qe2, defending the e4-pawn and breaking the pin to the king, renewing the threat on the f6 knight.  {{ChessMid}} ==References== {{reflist}} {{BCO2}} {{Chess Opening Theory/Footer}}&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="448" sha1="sebb5defm1bq3sf1spkay5ldu0kd2py" xml:space="preserve">{{Chess Opening Theory/Position
|Scotch Game, Mieses Variation
|eco=[[Chess/ECOC|C45]]
|parent=[[Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Nf3/2...Nc6/3. d4|Scotch game]] → [[../|3...exd4]]
}}
==Scotch Game, Mieses Variation==
'''6...Qe7'''

White has to respond with 7. Qe2, defending the e4-pawn and breaking the pin to the king, renewing the threat on the f6 knight. 
{{ChessMid}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{BCO2}}
{{Chess Opening Theory/Footer}}</text>
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|Scotch Game, Mieses Variation
|eco=[[Chess/ECOC|C45]]
|parent=[[Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Nf3/2...Nc6/3. d4|Scotch game]] → [[../|3...exd4]]
}}
==Scotch Game, Mieses Variation==
'''6...Qe7'''

White has to respond with [[/7. Qe2|'''7. Qe2''']], defending the e4-pawn and breaking the pin to the king, renewing the threat on the f6 knight. 
{{ChessMid}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{BCO2}}
{{Chess Opening Theory/Footer}}</text>
      <sha1>4pab4ionbhzhrwq1h2mnz4hic3221g3</sha1>
    </revision>
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    <title>Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Nf3/2...Nc6/3. d4/3...exd4/4. Nxd4/4...Nf6/5. Nxc6/5...bxc6/6. e5/6...Qe7/7. Qe2</title>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Littlefairy37</username>
        <id>3629963</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{{Chess Opening Theory/Position |Scotch Game, Mieses Variation |eco=[[Chess/ECOC|C45]] |parent=[[Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Nf3/2...Nc6/3. d4|Scotch game]] → [[../|3...exd4]] }} ==Scotch Game, Mieses Variation== '''7. Qe2'''  White manages to defend their pawn and break the pin on the e-pawn, but we now see the point of 6...Qe7. By provoking 7. Qe2, Black forces White to place their queen on the a6-f1 diagonal. This disrupts the development of the f1 bishop....&quot;</comment>
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|Scotch Game, Mieses Variation
|eco=[[Chess/ECOC|C45]]
|parent=[[Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Nf3/2...Nc6/3. d4|Scotch game]] → [[../|3...exd4]]
}}
==Scotch Game, Mieses Variation==
'''7. Qe2'''

White manages to defend their pawn and break the pin on the e-pawn, but we now see the point of 6...Qe7. By provoking 7. Qe2, Black forces White to place their queen on the a6-f1 diagonal. This disrupts the development of the f1 bishop. It also gives Black some tactical possibilities on that diagonal, but we’ll get to that later.

Of course, now that the knight is actually attacked, Black has to go [[/7...Nd5|'''7...Nd5''']].

{{ChessMid}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{BCO2}}
{{Chess Opening Theory/Footer}}</text>
      <sha1>6daa0n05pxo3lzuu3omje8apjm1jwbc</sha1>
    </revision>
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  <page>
    <title>Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Nf3/2...Nc6/3. d4/3...exd4/4. Nxd4/4...Nf6/5. Nxc6/5...bxc6/6. e5/6...Qe7/7. Qe2/7...Nd5</title>
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      <timestamp>2026-11-04T14:45:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Littlefairy37</username>
        <id>3629963</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{{Chess Opening Theory/Position |Scotch Game, Mieses Variation |eco=[[Chess/ECOC|C45]] |parent=[[Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Nf3/2...Nc6/3. d4|Scotch game]] → [[../|3...exd4]] }} ==Scotch Game, Mieses Variation== '''7...Nd5'''  The established mainline is [[/8. c4|'''8. c4''']], attacking the knight on d5 again and gaining some queenside space. A modern alternative is [[/8. h4|'''8. h4''']]. This controls g5, gives a head-start in any potential kingside attack...&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="591" sha1="5e7lewizoyp188fpdl6mrju3j205xed" xml:space="preserve">{{Chess Opening Theory/Position
|Scotch Game, Mieses Variation
|eco=[[Chess/ECOC|C45]]
|parent=[[Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Nf3/2...Nc6/3. d4|Scotch game]] → [[../|3...exd4]]
}}
==Scotch Game, Mieses Variation==
'''7...Nd5'''

The established mainline is [[/8. c4|'''8. c4''']], attacking the knight on d5 again and gaining some queenside space. A modern alternative is [[/8. h4|'''8. h4''']]. This controls g5, gives a head-start in any potential kingside attack and even has some rook-lift ideas.
{{ChessMid}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{BCO2}}
{{Chess Opening Theory/Footer}}</text>
      <sha1>5e7lewizoyp188fpdl6mrju3j205xed</sha1>
    </revision>
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  <page>
    <title>Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Nf3/2...Nc6/3. d4/3...exd4/4. Nxd4/4...Nf6/5. Nxc6/5...bxc6/6. e5/6...Qe7/7. Qe2/7...Nd5/8. c4</title>
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    <revision>
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      <timestamp>2026-11-04T14:50:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Littlefairy37</username>
        <id>3629963</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{{Chess Opening Theory/Position |Scotch Game, Mieses Variation |eco=[[Chess/ECOC|C45]] |parent=[[Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Nf3/2...Nc6/3. d4|Scotch game]] → [[../|3...exd4]] }} ==Scotch Game, Mieses Variation== '''8. c4'''  Black’s knight is attacked again. Here are Black’s options: *Black can take advantage of the queen on e2 and fill the board with pins with [[/8...Ba6|'''8...Nb6''']], where the board turns into a chaotic mess. *Black can simply retrea...&quot;</comment>
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|Scotch Game, Mieses Variation
|eco=[[Chess/ECOC|C45]]
|parent=[[Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Nf3/2...Nc6/3. d4|Scotch game]] → [[../|3...exd4]]
}}
==Scotch Game, Mieses Variation==
'''8. c4'''

Black’s knight is attacked again. Here are Black’s options:
*Black can take advantage of the queen on e2 and fill the board with pins with [[/8...Ba6|'''8...Nb6''']], where the board turns into a chaotic mess.
*Black can simply retreat with [[/8...Nb6|'''8...Nb6''']], which leads to comparatively calmer, but still tense, games.
*[[/8...Qb4+/'''8...Qb4+!?''']] is a rare sideline.
{{ChessMid}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{BCO2}}
{{Chess Opening Theory/Footer}}</text>
      <sha1>c3qr8bs13tgf7j9e88pss78dh5vtgvo</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
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      <parentid>4679967</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-04T14:50:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Littlefairy37</username>
        <id>3629963</id>
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|Scotch Game, Mieses Variation
|eco=[[Chess/ECOC|C45]]
|parent=[[Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Nf3/2...Nc6/3. d4|Scotch game]] → [[../|3...exd4]]
}}
==Scotch Game, Mieses Variation==
'''8. c4'''

Black’s knight is attacked again. Here are Black’s options:
*Black can take advantage of the queen on e2 and fill the board with pins with [[/8...Ba6|'''8...Nb6''']], where the board turns into a chaotic mess.
*Black can simply retreat with [[/8...Nb6|'''8...Nb6''']], which leads to comparatively calmer, but still tense, games.
*[[/8...Qb4+|'''8...Qb4+!?''']] is a rare sideline.
{{ChessMid}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{BCO2}}
{{Chess Opening Theory/Footer}}</text>
      <sha1>kwrqx9pclzivinoagrqmao48ystlgl3</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679969</id>
      <parentid>4679968</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-04T14:50:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Littlefairy37</username>
        <id>3629963</id>
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      <text bytes="703" sha1="42xudoinpeujcjsqgcdq7r4z0qn5g0o" xml:space="preserve">{{Chess Opening Theory/Position
|Scotch Game, Mieses Variation
|eco=[[Chess/ECOC|C45]]
|parent=[[Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Nf3/2...Nc6/3. d4|Scotch game]] → [[../|3...exd4]]
}}
==Scotch Game, Mieses Variation==
'''8. c4'''

Black’s knight is attacked again. Here are Black’s options:
*Black can take advantage of the queen on e2 and fill the board with pins with [[/8...Ba6|'''8...Ba6''']], where the board turns into a chaotic mess.
*Black can simply retreat with [[/8...Nb6|'''8...Nb6''']], which leads to comparatively calmer, but still tense, games.
*[[/8...Qb4+|'''8...Qb4+!?''']] is a rare sideline.
{{ChessMid}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{BCO2}}
{{Chess Opening Theory/Footer}}</text>
      <sha1>42xudoinpeujcjsqgcdq7r4z0qn5g0o</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4680075</id>
      <parentid>4679969</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-11-04T23:12:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Littlefairy37</username>
        <id>3629963</id>
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      <origin>4680075</origin>
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      <text bytes="746" sha1="8fcr6ytyui7fqtrj34t1lcyxdwjuxbl" xml:space="preserve">{{Chess Opening Theory/Position
|Scotch Game, Mieses Variation
|eco=[[Chess/ECOC|C45]]
|parent=[[Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Nf3/2...Nc6/3. d4|Scotch game]] → [[../|3...exd4]]
}}
==Scotch Game, Mieses Variation==
'''8. c4'''

Black’s knight is attacked again. Here are Black’s options:
*Black can take advantage of the queen on e2 and fill the board with pins with [[/8...Ba6|'''8...Ba6''']], where the board turns into a chaotic mess where both sides must tread very carefully.
*Black can simply retreat with [[/8...Nb6|'''8...Nb6''']], which leads to comparatively calmer, but still tense, games.
*[[/8...Qb4+|'''8...Qb4+!?''']] is a rare sideline.
{{ChessMid}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{BCO2}}
{{Chess Opening Theory/Footer}}</text>
      <sha1>8fcr6ytyui7fqtrj34t1lcyxdwjuxbl</sha1>
    </revision>
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  <page>
    <title>User:Minato 18/sandbox</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>486841</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679983</id>
      <timestamp>2026-11-04T15:23:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Minato 18</username>
        <id>3626634</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;Noise in Communication Systems&quot;</comment>
      <origin>4679983</origin>
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      <text bytes="30" sha1="611glgzx81dviz0dqp282j966yhn7hh" xml:space="preserve">Noise in Communication Systems</text>
      <sha1>611glgzx81dviz0dqp282j966yhn7hh</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:Sukhsm/sandbox/optical camera communication</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>486853</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679999</id>
      <timestamp>2026-11-04T15:55:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sukhsm</username>
        <id>3626638</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>this is for my ca</comment>
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      <text bytes="28" sha1="0417oswrxalnq5hgw4akh8ykdkndb8s" xml:space="preserve">optical camera communication</text>
      <sha1>0417oswrxalnq5hgw4akh8ykdkndb8s</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Talk:Biblical Studies/Bible Topics/The Word</title>
    <ns>1</ns>
    <id>486858</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4680006</id>
      <timestamp>2026-11-04T16:17:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>~2026-58555-67</username>
        <id>3630411</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* god */ new section</comment>
      <origin>4680006</origin>
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      <text bytes="155" sha1="qmzj291lom1efvq9z9qmojp4s8wdl26" xml:space="preserve">== god ==
give me a bible to read

[[Special:Contributions/~2026-58555-67|~2026-58555-67]] ([[User talk:~2026-58555-67|talk]]) 16:17, 4 November 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>qmzj291lom1efvq9z9qmojp4s8wdl26</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>User:GouravGarg-1711/sandbox</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>486860</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4680026</id>
      <timestamp>2026-11-04T17:39:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>GouravGarg-1711</username>
        <id>3630221</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Propose the topic name</comment>
      <origin>4680026</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="110" sha1="qmi3w4uuakf48rrvb27kzb793d28y2u" xml:space="preserve">== Industrial Digital Twins in Automation: Navigating Cybersecurity Frameworks and Ethical Safety Standards ==</text>
      <sha1>qmi3w4uuakf48rrvb27kzb793d28y2u</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Professionalism/Kathryn Spiers, Laurence Berland, Google, and IRI Consultants</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>486868</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4680061</id>
      <timestamp>2026-11-04T20:59:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>GbergertSTS</username>
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      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;Creating this as a test page for STS 4600 November 4, 2026. To be finished by December 14, 2026.&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="96" sha1="ban0v7vvy4eslo4fwi9hd08wf1ryzyf" xml:space="preserve">Creating this as a test page for STS 4600 November 4, 2026. To be finished by December 14, 2026.</text>
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    <title>Professionalism/LinkedIn and Professional Self-Promotion</title>
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      <comment>Created page with &quot;TBD&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="3" sha1="jeusyh40fg7o896yymmtd6ogv7auinh" xml:space="preserve">TBD</text>
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      <comment>update with general outline of work tbd</comment>
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      <text bytes="117" sha1="4c36at91oynzixsans7y40ya0snwpj4" xml:space="preserve">== Background ==


== Participants ==

=== Job Seekers ===


=== Content Consumers ===


=== Engagement Posters ===</text>
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      <comment>Created page with &quot;Thia page is for providing infomation on embedded system&quot;</comment>
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      <comment>Created page with &quot; = Design and Implementation of an FM Transmitter and Receiver =  This book provides an introduction to the design and implementation of an FM (Frequency Modulation) transmitter and receiver. It explains the fundamental principles of frequency modulation, the operation of transmitter and receiver circuits, the electronic components used, and the practical implementation of an FM communication system. The book also covers circuit design, working principles, testing, appli...&quot;</comment>
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= Design and Implementation of an FM Transmitter and Receiver =

This book provides an introduction to the design and implementation of an FM (Frequency Modulation) transmitter and receiver. It explains the fundamental principles of frequency modulation, the operation of transmitter and receiver circuits, the electronic components used, and the practical implementation of an FM communication system. The book also covers circuit design, working principles, testing, applications, and limitations of FM communication.

== Contents ==

# [[Introduction to FM Communication]]
## [[Basics of Communication Systems]]
## [[Amplitude Modulation and Frequency Modulation]]
## [[Principle of Frequency Modulation]]

# [[Fundamentals of Frequency Modulation]]
## [[Definition of FM]]
## [[Working Principle of FM]]
## [[FM Modulation Index and Bandwidth]]
## [[Advantages and Disadvantages of FM]]

# [[FM Transmitter]]
## [[Introduction to FM Transmitter]]
## [[Block Diagram of FM Transmitter]]
## [[Working Principle of FM Transmitter]]
## [[Main Components of FM Transmitter]]
## [[Circuit Design of FM Transmitter]]

# [[FM Receiver]]
## [[Introduction to FM Receiver]]
## [[Block Diagram of FM Receiver]]
## [[Working Principle of FM Receiver]]
## [[Main Components of FM Receiver]]
## [[Circuit Design of FM Receiver]]

# [[Design and Implementation]]
## [[Hardware Requirements]]
## [[Software and Tools Required]]
## [[Circuit Connections]]
## [[Step-by-Step Implementation]]
## [[Testing and Troubleshooting]]

# [[Results and Discussion]]
## [[Output of FM Transmitter]]
## [[Output of FM Receiver]]
## [[Performance Analysis]]

# [[Applications of FM Communication]]

# [[Challenges and Limitations]]

# [[Conclusion and Future Scope]]

# [[References]]</text>
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= Design and Implementation of an FM Transmitter and Receiver =

This book provides an introduction to the design and implementation of an FM (Frequency Modulation) transmitter and receiver. It explains the fundamental principles of frequency modulation, the operation of transmitter and receiver circuits, the electronic components used, and the practical implementation of an FM communication system. The book also covers circuit design, working principles, testing, applications, and limitations of FM communication.

== Contents ==

# [[Introduction to FM Communication]]
## [[Basics of Communication Systems]]
## [[Amplitude Modulation and Frequency Modulation]]
## [[Principle of Frequency Modulation]]

# [[Fundamentals of Frequency Modulation]]
## [[Definition of FM]]
## [[Working Principle of FM]]
## [[FM Modulation Index and Bandwidth]]
## [[Advantages and Disadvantages of FM]]

# [[FM Transmitter]]
## [[Introduction to FM Transmitter]]
## [[Block Diagram of FM Transmitter]]
## [[Working Principle of FM Transmitter]]
## [[Main Components of FM Transmitter]]
## [[Circuit Design of FM Transmitter]]

# [[FM Receiver]]
## [[Introduction to FM Receiver]]
## [[Block Diagram of FM Receiver]]
## [[Working Principle of FM Receiver]]
## [[Main Components of FM Receiver]]
## [[Circuit Design of FM Receiver]]

# [[Design and Implementation]]
## [[Hardware Requirements]]
## [[Software and Tools Required]]
## [[Circuit Connections]]
## [[Step-by-Step Implementation]]
## [[Testing and Troubleshooting]]

# [[Results and Discussion]]
## [[Output of FM Transmitter]]
## [[Output of FM Receiver]]
## [[Performance Analysis]]

# [[Applications of FM Communication]]

# [[Challenges and Limitations]]

# [[Conclusion and Future Scope]]

# [[References|Bibliography]]</text>
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= Design and Implementation of an FM Transmitter and Receiver =

This book provides an introduction to the design and implementation of an FM (Frequency Modulation) transmitter and receiver. It explains the fundamental principles of frequency modulation, the operation of transmitter and receiver circuits, the electronic components used, and the practical implementation of an FM communication system. The book also covers circuit design, working principles, testing, applications, and limitations of FM communication.

== Contents ==

# [[Introduction to FM Communication]]
## [[Basics of Communication Systems]]
## [[Amplitude Modulation and Frequency Modulation]]
## [[Principle of Frequency Modulation]]

# [[Fundamentals of Frequency Modulation]]
## [[Definition of FM]]
## [[Working Principle of FM]]
## [[FM Modulation Index and Bandwidth]]
## [[Advantages and Disadvantages of FM]]

# [[FM Transmitter]]
## [[Introduction to FM Transmitter]]
## [[Block Diagram of FM Transmitter]]
## [[Working Principle of FM Transmitter]]
## [[Main Components of FM Transmitter]]
## [[Circuit Design of FM Transmitter]]

# [[FM Receiver]]
## [[Introduction to FM Receiver]]
## [[Block Diagram of FM Receiver]]
## [[Working Principle of FM Receiver]]
## [[Main Components of FM Receiver]]
## [[Circuit Design of FM Receiver]]

# [[Design and Implementation]]
## [[Hardware Requirements]]
## [[Software and Tools Required]]
## [[Circuit Connections]]
## [[Step-by-Step Implementation]]
## [[Testing and Troubleshooting]]

# [[Results and Discussion]]
## [[Output of FM Transmitter]]
## [[Output of FM Receiver]]
## [[Performance Analysis]]

# [[Applications of FM Communication]]

# [[Challenges and Limitations]]

# [[Conclusion and Future Scope]]

# Design and Implementation of an FM Transmitter and Receiver/References</text>
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= Design and Implementation of an FM Transmitter and Receiver =

This book provides an introduction to the design and implementation of an FM (Frequency Modulation) transmitter and receiver. It explains the fundamental principles of frequency modulation, the operation of transmitter and receiver circuits, the electronic components used, and the practical implementation of an FM communication system. The book also covers circuit design, working principles, testing, applications, and limitations of FM communication.

== Contents ==

# [[Introduction to FM Communication]]
## [[Basics of Communication Systems]]
## [[Amplitude Modulation and Frequency Modulation]]
## [[Principle of Frequency Modulation]]

# [[Fundamentals of Frequency Modulation]]
## [[Definition of FM]]
## [[Working Principle of FM]]
## [[FM Modulation Index and Bandwidth]]
## [[Advantages and Disadvantages of FM]]

# [[FM Transmitter]]
## [[Introduction to FM Transmitter]]
## [[Block Diagram of FM Transmitter]]
## [[Working Principle of FM Transmitter]]
## [[Main Components of FM Transmitter]]
## [[Circuit Design of FM Transmitter]]

# [[FM Receiver]]
## [[Introduction to FM Receiver]]
## [[Block Diagram of FM Receiver]]
## [[Working Principle of FM Receiver]]
## [[Main Components of FM Receiver]]
## [[Circuit Design of FM Receiver]]

# [[Design and Implementation]]
## [[Hardware Requirements]]
## [[Software and Tools Required]]
## [[Circuit Connections]]
## [[Step-by-Step Implementation]]
## [[Testing and Troubleshooting]]

# [[Results and Discussion]]
## [[Output of FM Transmitter]]
## [[Output of FM Receiver]]
## [[Performance Analysis]]

# [[Applications of FM Communication]]

# [[Challenges and Limitations]]

# [[Conclusion and Future Scope]]

# [[Design and Implementation of an FM Transmitter and Receiver/References|References]]</text>
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= Design and Implementation of an FM Transmitter and Receiver =

This book provides an introduction to the design and implementation of an FM (Frequency Modulation) transmitter and receiver. It explains the fundamental principles of frequency modulation, the operation of transmitter and receiver circuits, the electronic components used, and the practical implementation of an FM communication system. The book also covers circuit design, working principles, testing, applications, and limitations of FM communication.

== Contents ==


== Contents ==

# [[Design and Implementation of an FM Transmitter and Receiver/Introduction to FM Communication|Introduction to FM Communication]]
# [[Design and Implementation of an FM Transmitter and Receiver/Fundamentals of Frequency Modulation|Fundamentals of Frequency Modulation]]
# [[Design and Implementation of an FM Transmitter and Receiver/FM Transmitter|FM Transmitter]]
## [[Design and Implementation of an FM Transmitter and Receiver/Introduction to FM Transmitter|Introduction to FM Transmitter]]
## [[Design and Implementation of an FM Transmitter and Receiver/Block Diagram of FM Transmitter|Block Diagram of FM Transmitter]]
## [[Design and Implementation of an FM Transmitter and Receiver/Working Principle of FM Transmitter|Working Principle of FM Transmitter]]
## [[Design and Implementation of an FM Transmitter and Receiver/Main Components of FM Transmitter|Main Components of FM Transmitter]]
## [[Design and Implementation of an FM Transmitter and Receiver/Circuit Design of FM Transmitter|Circuit Design of FM Transmitter]]

# [[Design and Implementation of an FM Transmitter and Receiver/FM Receiver|FM Receiver]]
## [[Design and Implementation of an FM Transmitter and Receiver/Introduction to FM Receiver|Introduction to FM Receiver]]
## [[Design and Implementation of an FM Transmitter and Receiver/Block Diagram of FM Receiver|Block Diagram of FM Receiver]]
## [[Design and Implementation of an FM Transmitter and Receiver/Working Principle of FM Receiver|Working Principle of FM Receiver]]
## [[Design and Implementation of an FM Transmitter and Receiver/Main Components of FM Receiver|Main Components of FM Receiver]]
## [[Design and Implementation of an FM Transmitter and Receiver/Circuit Design of FM Receiver|Circuit Design of FM Receiver]]

# [[Design and Implementation of an FM Transmitter and Receiver/Design and Implementation|Design and Implementation]]
## [[Design and Implementation of an FM Transmitter and Receiver/Hardware Requirements|Hardware Requirements]]
## [[Design and Implementation of an FM Transmitter and Receiver/Software and Tools Required|Software and Tools Required]]
## [[Design and Implementation of an FM Transmitter and Receiver/Circuit Connections|Circuit Connections]]
## [[Design and Implementation of an FM Transmitter and Receiver/Step-by-Step Implementation|Step-by-Step Implementation]]
## [[Design and Implementation of an FM Transmitter and Receiver/Testing and Troubleshooting|Testing and Troubleshooting]]

# [[Design and Implementation of an FM Transmitter and Receiver/Results and Discussion|Results and Discussion]]
## [[Design and Implementation of an FM Transmitter and Receiver/Output of FM Transmitter|Output of FM Transmitter]]
## [[Design and Implementation of an FM Transmitter and Receiver/Output of FM Receiver|Output of FM Receiver]]
## [[Design and Implementation of an FM Transmitter and Receiver/Performance Analysis|Performance Analysis]]

# [[Design and Implementation of an FM Transmitter and Receiver/Applications of FM Communication|Applications of FM Communication]]

# [[Design and Implementation of an FM Transmitter and Receiver/Challenges and Limitations|Challenges and Limitations]]

# [[Design and Implementation of an FM Transmitter and Receiver/Conclusion and Future Scope|Conclusion and Future Scope]]

# [[Design and Implementation of an FM Transmitter and Receiver/References|References]]</text>
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= Design and Implementation of an FM Transmitter and Receiver =

This book provides an introduction to the design and implementation of an FM (Frequency Modulation) transmitter and receiver. It explains the fundamental principles of frequency modulation, the operation of transmitter and receiver circuits, the electronic components used, and the practical implementation of an FM communication system. The book also covers circuit design, working principles, testing, applications, and limitations of FM communication.

== Contents ==

# [[Introduction to FM Communication]]
## [[Basics of Communication Systems]]
## [[Amplitude Modulation and Frequency Modulation]]
## [[Principle of Frequency Modulation]]

# [[Fundamentals of Frequency Modulation]]
## [[Definition of FM]]
## [[Working Principle of FM]]
## [[FM Modulation Index and Bandwidth]]
## [[Advantages and Disadvantages of FM]]

# [[FM Transmitter]]
## [[Introduction to FM Transmitter]]
## [[Block Diagram of FM Transmitter]]
## [[Working Principle of FM Transmitter]]
## [[Main Components of FM Transmitter]]
## [[Circuit Design of FM Transmitter]]

# [[FM Receiver]]
## [[Introduction to FM Receiver]]
## [[Block Diagram of FM Receiver]]
## [[Working Principle of FM Receiver]]
## [[Main Components of FM Receiver]]
## [[Circuit Design of FM Receiver]]

# [[Design and Implementation]]
## [[Hardware Requirements]]
## [[Software and Tools Required]]
## [[Circuit Connections]]
## [[Step-by-Step Implementation]]
## [[Testing and Troubleshooting]]

# [[Results and Discussion]]
## [[Output of FM Transmitter]]
## [[Output of FM Receiver]]
## [[Performance Analysis]]

# [[Applications of FM Communication]]

# [[Challenges and Limitations]]

# [[Conclusion and Future Scope]]

# [[References]]</text>
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= Design and Implementation of an FM Transmitter and Receiver =

This book provides an introduction to the design and implementation of an FM (Frequency Modulation) transmitter and receiver. It explains the fundamental principles of frequency modulation, the operation of transmitter and receiver circuits, the electronic components used, and the practical implementation of an FM communication system. The book also covers circuit design, working principles, testing, applications, and limitations of FM communication.

== Contents ==

# [[Introduction to FM Communication]]
## [[Basics of Communication Systems]]
## [[Amplitude Modulation and Frequency Modulation]]
## [[Principle of Frequency Modulation]]

# [[Fundamentals of Frequency Modulation]]
## [[Definition of FM]]
## [[Working Principle of FM]]
## [[FM Modulation Index and Bandwidth]]
## [[Advantages and Disadvantages of FM]]

# [[FM Transmitter]]
## [[Introduction to FM Transmitter]]
## [[Block Diagram of FM Transmitter]]
## [[Working Principle of FM Transmitter]]
## [[Main Components of FM Transmitter]]
## [[Circuit Design of FM Transmitter]]

# [[FM Receiver]]
## [[Introduction to FM Receiver]]
## [[Block Diagram of FM Receiver]]
## [[Working Principle of FM Receiver]]
## [[Main Components of FM Receiver]]
## [[Circuit Design of FM Receiver]]

# [[Design and Implementation]]
## [[Hardware Requirements]]
## [[Software and Tools Required]]
## [[Circuit Connections]]
## [[Step-by-Step Implementation]]
## [[Testing and Troubleshooting]]

# [[Results and Discussion]]
## [[Output of FM Transmitter]]
## [[Output of FM Receiver]]
## [[Performance Analysis]]

# [[Applications of FM Communication]]

# [[Challenges and Limitations]]

# [[Conclusion and Future Scope]]

# [[Design and Implementation of an FM Transmitter and Receiver/References|References]]</text>
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        <username>Rakshit269</username>
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      <comment>Created page with &quot;Kinematics&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="10" sha1="tabhvkscgaiybvg7bu05r2i0yqv72jz" xml:space="preserve">Kinematics</text>
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    <title>User:Donofdebt</title>
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      <id>4680148</id>
      <timestamp>2026-11-05T08:23:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Donofdebt</username>
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      <comment>User page — pointer to my Wikidata home wiki</comment>
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      <text bytes="288" sha1="3fzduombz2nlxxstkfjoii4fl2sbrbp" xml:space="preserve">I'm Jeffery Hartman, editing as Donofdebt. My home wiki is Wikidata, where I contribute structured data on finance, lending, and debt markets, and where my full user page and conflict-of-interest disclosure live ([[d:User:Donofdebt]]). I'm mostly active there; this page just points home.</text>
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      <comment># Raymond Ching – The Reader's Digest Book of British Birds  *The Reader's Digest Book of British Birds*, published in 1969, is a notable illustrated reference work on British birdlife. The book is widely recognized for its detailed presentation of bird species, informative descriptions, and distinctive illustrations. It has been published in numerous editions in both hardback and paperback formats and translated into more than ten European languages, allowing readers from different countries to</comment>
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= Raymond Ching – The Reader's Digest Book of British Birds =
''The Reader's Digest Book of British Birds'', published in 1969, is a notable illustrated reference work on British birdlife. The book is widely recognized for its detailed presentation of bird species, informative descriptions, and distinctive illustrations. It has been published in numerous editions in both hardback and paperback formats and translated into more than ten European languages, allowing readers from different countries to explore and appreciate the diversity of British birds.

The book features the work of Raymond Ching, an artist particularly associated with detailed and realistic depictions of birds and wildlife. His artistic approach combines careful observation, scientific accuracy, and an appreciation of the natural beauty of birds. Through his illustrations, readers can examine the physical characteristics, distinctive markings, colours, shapes, and features that help distinguish different bird species.

Since its original publication, ''The Reader's Digest Book of British Birds'' has reached a wide international readership. Its continued publication across multiple editions has contributed to its recognition among bird enthusiasts, wildlife observers, natural history readers, and artists. The book has also played a role in encouraging an interest in bird identification, wildlife illustration, and the study of British avifauna.

One of the significant aspects of the book is the relationship it establishes between scientific information and visual representation. Rather than presenting birds only through written descriptions, it uses detailed artwork to help readers understand their appearance and recognize differences between species. This combination makes the work relevant not only to people interested in ornithology but also to illustrators, painters, students, and individuals interested in nature and wildlife art.

The publication has had a considerable influence on bird lovers and artists, particularly those who appreciate realistic wildlife illustrations. Its illustrations demonstrate how close observation of nature can be translated into artistic work while retaining important details of the subject. For aspiring wildlife artists, the book can serve as a reference for studying bird anatomy, feather patterns, proportions, posture, and natural colouring.

Over the years, the book's multiple editions and translations have helped extend its reach beyond its original British audience. Its continued presence in print reflects the lasting interest in bird identification and natural history literature. It remains associated with the development of public interest in British birds and the appreciation of wildlife through illustration.

Overall, ''The Reader's Digest Book of British Birds'' represents an intersection of natural history, bird identification, and wildlife art. Its publication history, international circulation, and influence on bird enthusiasts and artists have established it as a recognizable work in illustrated bird literature.</text>
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