Wikipedia gotwiki https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BD%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8D%83%F0%90%8D%84%F0%90%8D%89%F0%90%8C%B3%F0%90%8C%B4%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8C%BD%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8C%BB%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8D%86%F0%90%8D%83 MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.11 first-letter Media Special Talk 𐌽𐌹𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐌽𐌹𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌹𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳𐌾𐌰 Wikipedia 𐌸𐌹𐍃 Wikipedia 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳𐌾𐌰 𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌻𐌰 𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌻𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳𐌾𐌰 MediaWiki MediaWiki talk 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌴𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌴𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳𐌾𐌰 𐌷𐌹𐌻𐍀𐌰 𐌷𐌹𐌻𐍀𐍉𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳𐌾𐌰 𐌷𐌰𐌽𐍃𐌰 𐌷𐌰𐌽𐍃𐍉𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳𐌾𐌰 TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 𐌽𐌹𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃:Eiliv/Norwegian place names 2 9087 49048 49042 2026-07-19T13:53:59Z Eiliv 10999 49048 wikitext text/x-wiki This list is an attempt to catalogue the Gothic forms of various Norwegian place names. Especially in cases where we know the Proto-Norse form (such as ''Oslo'' ← PN. ''*Ansulauhu''), the Gothic form may be quite apparent, as there isn’t too much difference between these two languages. * Agder → '''𐌰𐌲𐌹𐌳𐍉𐍃''' (Agidōs). ON. ''Agdir'' f.pl., singular ''*Ǫgð'', PGem. ''*Agiðō''. * Aker → '''𐌰𐌺𐍂𐍃''' (Akrs). ON. ''Akr'', PGem. ''*akraz''. * Akershus → '''𐌰𐌺𐍂𐌰𐌷𐌿𐍃''' (Akrahūs). ON. ''akr'' + ''hús'', PGem. ''*akraz'' + ''hūsą''. * Alvdal, Elvdal → '''𐌰𐌻𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌻𐍃''' (Albidals). ON. ''Elfardalr'', PGem. ''*albī'' + ''*dalaz''. * Aremark → '''𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐌰''' (Aramarka). ON. ''*Aramǫrk'', PGem. ''*arô'' + ''*markō''. * Asker (Askar) → '''𐌰𐍃𐌺𐍉𐍃''' (Askōs). ON. ''Askar'' m.pl., PN. ''*Askōz''. * Askim → '''𐌰𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌼𐍃''' (Askaháims). ON. ''Ask(h)eimr'', PGem. ''*askaz'' + ''*haimaz''. * Askvoll → '''𐌰𐍃𐌺𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌿𐍃''' (Askawalþus). ON. ''*Askvǫllr'', PGem. ''*askaz'' + ''*walþuz''. * Aspern → '''𐌰𐍃𐍀𐌴𐌹𐍃''' (Aspeis). ON. ''Aspir'' m., PGem. ''*Aspijaz''. * Austfold, Østfold, see ''Fold''. * Bjørgvin, Bergen → '''[[𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰]]''' (Baírgawinja). ON. ''Bjǫrgvin'', ''*Biargwin'' f., PN. ''*Bergawinju''. * Bodø, Bodøya, Bodin → '''𐌱𐌿𐌳𐌰𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰''' (Budawinja). ON. ''Boðin'' f., older ''*Boðawin'', PGem. ''*budô'' + ''*winjō''. * Borre → '''𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌰𐌽𐌷𐌰''' (Baurdawranha). ON. ''Borró'' f., older ''*Borðró'', PGem. ''*burdą'' + ''*wranhō''. * Bygland → '''𐌱𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳''' (Biggwaland). ON. ''Byggland'', PGem. ''*bewwą'' + ''*landą''. * Bærum, Bærom → '''𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌲𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌼𐍃''' (Baírgaháims). ON. ''Berg(h)eimr'', PGem. ''*bergą'' + ''*haimaz''. * Dramn, Drammen → '''𐌳𐍂𐌰𐌱𐌽𐌰''' (Drabna). ON. ''Drǫfn'' f. (gen. ''Drafnar''), ''Drafn'' m., PN. ''*Drabnu'' (?). * Eiker → '''𐌰𐌹𐌺𐌾𐍉𐍃''' (Áikjōs). ON. ''Eikjar'' f.pl. from the neuter ''eiki'', PGem. ''*aikiją''. * Eikeren → '''𐌰𐌹𐌺𐌴𐌹𐍃''' (Áikeis). ON. ''Eikir'' m., PGem. ''*Aikijaz'', from ''*aiks''. * Finnmark → '''𐍆𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐌰''' (Finnamarka). ON. ''Finnmǫrk'', PGem. ''*finnaz'' + ''*markō''. * Fjordane → '''𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌸𐌾𐌿𐍃''' (Faírþjus). ON. ''Firðir'' m.pl., PGem. ''*ferþuz''. * Fold (Vest-, Aust-) → '''𐍆𐌿𐌻𐌳𐌰''' (Fulda). ON. ''Fold'' f., PGem. ''*fuldō''<!--, ''*fulþō''-->. * Follo → '''𐍆𐌿𐌻𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌷𐌰''' (Fuldaláuha). ON. ''Folló'', older ''Fold(ar)ló'', ''Fold'' + ''ló'', PGem. ''*fuldō''<!--, ''*fulþō''--> + ''*lauhō''. * Fosen, Fosna → '''𐍆𐌿𐌻𐌲𐍃𐌽𐌰''' (Fulgsna). ON. ''Fólgsn'', ''Fólksn'', ''sn''-derivation from ''fela'' (part. ''folginn''), PGem. ''*felhaną'' (part. ''*fulganaz''). * Fredrikstad → '''𐍆𐍂𐌹𐌸𐌿𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌸𐍃''' (Friþureikstaþs), '''𐍆𐍂𐌹𐌸𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐌴𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌸𐍃''' (Friþareikeistaþs) (?). PGem. ''*Friþurīks'' + ''*stadiz''. * Fyresdal → '''𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌷𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌻𐍃''' (Faúrhidals). ON. ''Fyrisdalr'', from ''*Fyrir'' (lake name), PGem. ''*Furhijaz'' (?), from ''*furhwǭ'' / ''*furhō''. * Førde (Fyrde) → '''𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌸𐌿𐍃''' (Faírþus). ON. ''Firði'' (dat. of ''Fjǫrðr''), PGem. ''*ferþuz''. * Geiranger → '''𐌲𐌰𐍂𐍅𐌾𐌰𐌲𐌲𐍂𐍃''' (Garwjaggrs). ON. ''*Gerangr'', older ''*Gerwangʀ'', PN. ''*Garwiangraʀ, PGem. ''*garwijō'' + ''*angraz''.<ref>Oddvar Nes (1984), “Geiranger”, in ''Namn og nemne'' (in Norwegian), [https://www.nb.no/items/b2656ee725fc71f15ca1a5c58f2b500e?page=38| page 37]</ref> * Gol (Gord) → '''𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌰''' (Garda). ON. ''Gǫrð'' (gen. ''Garðar''), PN. ''*Gardu'', derived from ''*gardaz''. * Granvin (Grove) → '''𐌲𐍂𐌰𐌽𐌰𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰''' (Granawinja). ON. ''Granvin'', PGem. ''*granō'' + ''*winjō''. * Gudbrandsdal → '''𐌲𐌿𐌸𐌰𐌱𐍂𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌻𐍉𐍃''' (Guþabrandadals). ON. ''Guðbrandsdalir'' m.pl., ''Guðbrandr'' + ''dalr'', PGem. ''*gudą'' + ''*brandaz'' + ''*dalaz''. * Hadsel → '''𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌸𐌰𐍃𐌹𐌲𐌻''' (Háubiþasigl). ON. ''Hǫfðasegl'', PGem. ''*habudô'' (← ''*habudą'') + ''*seglą''. * Halden (Hallen) → '''𐌷𐌰𐌻𐌻𐌰''' (Halla), '''𐌷𐌰𐌻𐌻𐌿𐍃''' (Hallus). Danish name ''Fredrikshald'' (1665–1928). ON. ''hǫll'' (hall), PGem. ''hallō'', or ''hallr'' (slope), PGem. ''halluz''. * Hamar → '''𐌷𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐍃''' (Hamars). ON. ''Hamarr'', PGem. ''*hamaraz''. * Hamarfest, Hammerfest → '''𐌷𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌰𐍆𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌹''' (Hamarafasti). ON. ''hamarr'' m., PGem. ''*hamaraz'' + ''festr'' f., PN. ''fastiōʀ'', PGem. ''fastijō''. * Hardanger → '''𐌷𐌰𐍂𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌲𐌲𐍂𐍃''' (Harudaggrs). ON. ''Harðangr'' m., PGem. ''*harudaz'' + ''*angraz''. * Harstad → '''𐌷𐌰𐍂𐌿𐌳𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌸𐌴𐌹𐍃''' (Harudastaþeis). ON. ''*Harðarstaðir'' m.pl., ''Hǫrðr'' (male name) + ''staðr'', PGem. ''*harudaz'' + ''*stadiz''. * Haugalandet → '''𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳''' (Háugaland). ON. ''Haugar'' m.pl. (farm name) + ''land'', PGem. ''*haugaz'' + ''*landą''. * Haugesund → '''𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌳''' (Háugasund). ON. ''Haugar'' m.pl. (farm name) + ''sund'', PGem. ''*haugaz'' + ''*sundą''. * Heidmark, Hedmark → '''𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌸𐌹𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐌰''' (Háiþimarka), '''𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌸𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐌰''' (Háiþinamarka). ON. ''Heiðmǫrk'' f., from ''heiðnir'' (tribe name, [[w:en:Chaedini|Chaedini]]), PGem. ''*haiþīnaz''. * Hjerkinn (Hjerdkinn) → '''𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌳𐌰𐌺𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌿𐍃''' (Haírdakinnus). ON. ''Hjarðkinn'' f., PGem. ''*herdō'' + ''*kinnuz''. * Hordaland → '''𐌷𐌰𐍂𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳''' (Harudaland). ON. ''Hǫrðaland'' n., PGem. ''*harudaz'' + ''*landą''. * Karmøy (Kartå) → '''𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌼𐍄𐌰''' (Karmta), '''𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰''' (Karmauja). ON. ''Kǫrmt'' (gen. ''Karmtar''), derived from ''karmr'', PGem. ''*karmaz''. Uncertain derivation suffix, possibly either ''*-þō'' or ''-dō''. * Lier (Lider) → '''𐌷𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌳𐍉𐍃''' (Hleidōs). ON. ''Líðir'' f.pl., older ''*Hlíðir'', PGem. ''*hlīdō''. * Lindesnes → '''𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌰𐍃𐌹''' (Leiþandnasi). ON. ''Líðandi'' + ''nes'', PGem. ''*līþandz'' + ''*nasją''. * Lofot(en) → '''𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌷𐌰𐍆𐍉𐍄𐌿𐍃''' (Laúhafōtus). ON. ''Lófótr'', PGem. ''*luhǭ'' (← ''*luhsaz'', cf. ''*fuhǭ'') + ''*fōts''. * Lom → '''𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌷𐍉𐍃''' (Láuhōs). ON. ''Lóar'' (dat. ''Lóm'', ''Lóum''), PGem. ''*lauhō''. * Mjøs, Mjøsa → '''𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍃𐌰''' (Maírsa). ON. ''Mjǫrs'', PN. ''*Mersu'', PGem. ''*Mersō''. * Molde → '''𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌳𐍉𐍃''' (Muldōs). ON. ''Moldar'' f.pl., PGem. ''*muldō''. * Møre (Sunn-, Nord-) → '''𐌼𐍉𐍂𐌹''' (Mōri) (''𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌸𐍂𐌰-'', ''𐌽𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌸𐌰-''). ON. ''Mǿrr'' f. (dat. ''Mǿri''), PN. ''*Mōriōʀ'', PGem. ''*Mōrijō'' / ''*Mōrī''. * Narvik → '''𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌸𐌿𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌺𐍃''' (Naírþuweiks). ON. ''*Njarðarvík'' (''Njǫrðr'' + ''vík''), PGem. ''*Nerþuz'' + ''*wíks''. * Nes → '''𐌽𐌰𐍃𐌹''' (Nasi). ON. ''Nes'', PGem. ''*Nasją''. * Nesbyen → '''𐌽𐌰𐍃𐌹𐌱𐌿𐍅𐍃''' (Nasibūws). ON. ''*Nesbýr'', PGem. ''*Nasją'' + ''*būwiz''. * Noreg, Norway<ref name=eng-name>English name that is or has been in use.</ref> → '''[[𐌽𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌸𐌰𐍅𐌹𐌲𐍃]]''' (Naúrþawigs). ON. ''Noregr'', ''Norvegr'', possibly older ''*Norðvegr'' (cf. OEn. ''Norðweg''). Another theory is ''*Nórvegr'', from ''nór'' (narrow sound), PGem. ''*nōrą''. *: Another historical name is ''Norðmannaland'', whose Gothic form would be '''𐌽𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌸𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳''' (Naúrþamanaland). * Onsaker → '''𐍅𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌺𐍂𐍃''' (Wōdanakrs). ON. ''*Óðinsakr'' m., PGem. ''*Wōdanaz'' + ''*akraz''. * Onsrud → '''𐍅𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌰𐍂𐌿𐌳''' (Wōdanarud), '''𐍅𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌷𐌿𐍆''' (Wōdanahuf). ON. ''Óðinn'' + ''ruð'' n. (← PGem. ''*rudą''), older ''Óðinshof'' n., PGem. ''*Wōdanaz'' + ''*hufą''. * Onsøy → '''𐍅𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰''' (Wōdanáuja). ON. ''Óðinsey'' f., PGem. ''*Wōdanaz'' + ''*awjō''. * Oppland (Uppland) → '''𐌹𐌿𐍀𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰''' (Iuplanda). ON. ''Upplǫnd'' n.pl., PGem. ''*upp'' + ''*landą''. * Orkanger → '''𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌺𐌰𐌲𐌲𐍂𐍃''' (Waúrkaggrs). ON. ''*Ork'' + ''angr'', PGem. ''*wurkijaną'' (''*Wurkō''?) + ''*angraz''. * Orkdal → '''𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌺𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌻𐍃''' (Waúrkadals). ON. ''Orkardalr'', older ''*Orkardalr'', PGem. ''*wurkijaną'' (''*Wurkō''?) + ''*dalaz''. * Orkla (river) → '''𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌺𐌹𐌻𐍉''' (Waúrkilō), → '''𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌺𐌰''' (Waúrka). ON. ''*Orkla'' f., older ''*Ork'' f., PGem. ''*wurkijaną'' (''*Wurkō''?). * Orkland → '''𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳''' (Waúrkaland). ON. ''*Ork'' + ''land'', PGem. ''*wurkijaną'' (''*Wurkō''?) + ''*landą''. * Oslo → '''[[𐌰𐌽𐍃𐌿𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌷𐌰]]''' (Ansuláuha). ON. ''Ósló'', ''Ǫ́sló'', ''Ásló'' f., PN. ''*Ansulauhu'', ''*Ansulōhu''. *: The origin of ''Oslo'' has been up to debate, with several theories spanning between ''*ansaz'' / ''*amsaz'' (mountain ridge) and ''*ōsaz'' (estuary), however the vowel was nasal in Old Norse, as seen in Dutch ''Ansloo'' and Latin ''Ansloa'', so ''*ōsaz'' is ruled out. The third theory is ''*ansuz'' (god), which due to ''u''-umlaut would explain the ''ó-'' vowel (cf. the form ''óss'' alongside ''áss'', and names like ''Ósmundr'' / ''Ásmundr''). The latter element ''ló'' is the PGem. ''*lauhō'' f. (meadow), an alternative form of the masculine ''*lauhaz'' which gave rise to the West Germanic forms. The Gothic adaptation could very well use the feminine form for consistency, as the word is not attested in this language, and it would be natural for it to be borrowed in the feminine form had Gothic gotten it from Proto-Norse. * Otta → '''𐌿𐌷𐍄𐌰''' (Uhta). ON. ''Ótta'' f., from ''ótti'' (fear, dread), PGem. ''*uhtô''. * Røst → '''𐍅𐍂𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌰''' (Wrasta). ON. ''Rǫst'', PGem. ''*wrastō''. * Røyken → '''𐌷𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌰𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰''' (Hráukawinja). ON. ''Reykin'' f., older ''*Hreyk(w)in'', ''*Hrauk(w)in'', PGem. ''*hraukaz'' + ''*winjō''. * Sauda → '''𐍃𐌰𐌿𐌸𐍉𐍃''' (Sáuþōs), ON. ''*Sauðar'' m.pl., PGem. ''*seuþaną''. * Sel → '''𐍃𐌹𐌻''' (Sil). ON. ''Sil'' n., PGem. ''*silą'' (?). * Selbu → '''𐍃𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌱𐌿''' (Silabū). ON. ''*Seli'' (lake name) + ''bú'' n., PGem. ''*silô'' + ''*būą''. * Selje, Selja → '''𐍃𐌰𐌻𐌾𐍉''' (Saljō). ON. ''Selja'' f., derivation of ''sel'' n., PGem. ''*salją''. * Sira → '''𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌷𐍅𐌰𐍂𐍉''' (Seihwarō), '''𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌷𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌰''' (Seihwara). ON. ''Síra'' f. (← PGem. ''*Sīhwarǭ''), or ''Síri'' m. (gen. ''Síra''), PGem. ''*Sīhwarô''. Related to ''*sīhwaną''. * Sirdal → '''𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌷𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌻𐍃''' (Seihwaradals). ON. ''Síra'' (river name) + ''dalr'' n., PGem. ''*Sīhwarǭ'' (?) + ''*dalaz''. Related to ''*sīhwaną''. * Skoger (Skogar) → '''𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌲𐍉𐍃''' (Skōgōs). ON. ''Skógar'' m.pl., PGem. ''*skōgaz''. * Snåsa (Snòsa, Snasa) → '''𐍃𐌽𐌰𐍃𐌰''' (Snasa). ON. ''Snǫs'' f. (gen. ''Snasar''), from ''snǫs'', related to ''nǫs'', PGem. ''*nasō''. * Sogn → '''𐍃𐌿𐌲𐌽𐍃''' (Sugns). ON. ''Sogn'' m., ''n''-derivation of ''súga'', PGem. ''*sūganą''. PGem. ''*Sugnaz'' (?). * Spydeberg (Speberg) → '''𐍃𐍀𐌹𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌲𐍃''' (Spiutabaírgs). ON. ''Spjótaberg'', PGem. ''*speutą'' + ''*bergą''. * Stavanger → '''𐍃𐍄𐌰𐍆𐌰𐌲𐌲𐍂𐍃''' (Stafaggrs). ON. ''Stafangr'', PGem. ''*stabaz'' + ''*angraz''. * Steinkjer → '''𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌰𐍃𐌰''' (Stáinakasa). ON. ''Steinker'' n.pl., PGem. ''*stainaz'' + ''*kazą''. * Stjørdal → '''𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌿𐍂𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌻𐍃''' (Stiuradals). ON. ''Stjóradalr'', from ''*Stjór'' (river name), possibly from the PGem. root ''*steur-'', whence also ''*stiurijaną''. * Stryn → '''𐍃𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌿𐌽𐍉𐍃''' (Striunōs). ON. ''Strjónar'' f.pl., from ''*Strjón'' f. (river name), PGem. root ''*streun-''. * Svalbard → '''𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌳𐍃''' (Swalabards). ON. ''Svalbarð'' n., ''Svalbarðr'' m., PGem. ''*swalaz'' + ''*bardą'', ''*bardaz''. * Svelvik (Sverdvik) → '''𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌹𐌸𐌰𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌺𐍃''' (Swaírbiþaweiks). ON. ''Sverðvík'' f., ''*sverfð'' (''sverfa'' + ''-ð'') + ''vík'', PGem. ''*swerbaną'' + ''*-iþō'' + ''*wīks''. * Sæbø → '''𐍃𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌱𐌿𐍅𐍃''' (Sáiwabūws). ON. ''Sævarbýr'' m., PGem. ''*saiwaz'' + ''*būwaz''. * Telemark → '''𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌹𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐌰''' (Þaílimarka). ON. ''Þelamǫrk'' f., ''þilir'' + ''mǫrk'', PGem. ''*þelīz'' (?) + ''*markō''. * Tromsø, Troms (Trums) → '''𐍄𐍂𐌿𐌼𐍃𐌰''' (Trumsa). ON. ''Trums'' f. * Trumsøya → '''𐍄𐍂𐌿𐌼𐍃𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰''' (Trumsáuja). ON. ''Trums'' f. + ''ey'', PGem. ''*awjō''. * Trondheim, Throwendham<ref name=eng-name /> → '''[[𐌸𐍂𐍉𐍅𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌼𐍃]]''' (Þrōwōndháims). ON. ''Þrónd(h)eimr'' m., PGem. ''*þrōwōndz'' + ''*haimaz''. * Træna → '''𐌸𐍂𐌹𐌳𐌽𐌰''' (Þridna). ON. ''Þriðn'' f., ''n''-derivation of ''*þrið'' (unit of three), PGem. ''*þridō''. Related to ''*þridjô'' and ''*þrīz''. * Trøndelag → '''[[𐌸𐍂𐍉𐍅𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌻𐌰𐌲𐌰]]''' (Þrōwōndlaga). ON. ''Þrǿndalǫg'' n.pl., PGem. ''*þrōwōndz'' + ''*lagą'' (pl. ''*lagō''). * Ulstein → '''𐍅𐌿𐌻𐍆𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃''' (Wulfastáins). ON. ''*Ulfsteinn'' m.pl., ''ulfr'' + ''steinn'', PGem. ''*wulfaz'' + ''*stainaz''. * Ulvestad → '''𐍅𐌿𐌻𐍆𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌸𐌴𐌹𐍃''' (Wulfastaþeis). ON. ''*Ulfastaðir'' m.pl., from ''*Ulfi'' (male name), or ''*Ulfustaðir'' from ''*Ulfa'' f. (river name). All from PGem. ''*wulfaz''. * Vadsø, Vatsøy → '''𐍅𐌰𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰''' (Watáuja). ON. ''*Vatsey'', PGem. ''*watōr'' + ''*awjō''. * Valdres → '''𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌿𐌻𐌹𐍃''' (Walþulis). ON. ''Valdres'', older ''*Waldles'' n., PGem. ''*walþuz'' + ''*lesą'' (??), a relative of ''*lēswō'' (PWGem. ''*lāsu''). * Valle → '''𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌿𐍃''' (Walþjus). ON. ''*Vellir'' m.pl. (gen. ''Valla''), PGem. ''*walþuz''. * Vang → '''𐍅𐌰𐌲𐌲𐍃''' (Waggs). ON. ''Vangr'' m., PGem. ''*wangaz''. * Vardø (Vordøy, Vargøy) → '''𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌸𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰''' (Warþáuja), '''𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌲𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰''' (Wargáuja). ON. ''*Vǫrð(u)ey'' (← PGem. ''*warþǭ'', ''*warþō''), older name ''Vargey'', PGem. ''*wargaz'' + ''*awjō''. * Vefsn, Vefsna → '''𐍅𐌰𐌱𐌹𐍃𐌽𐌰''' (Wabisna). ON. ''*Vefsn'' f., ''sn''-derivation of the PGem. root ''*wab-'', ''*web-'', whence also ''*wabjaną''. * Vanse → '''𐍅𐌰𐌽𐌰𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌷𐌰𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰''' (Wanaweihawinja). ON. ''*Vanavésvin'' f., PGem. ''*wanaz'' + ''*wīhą'' + ''*winjō''. * Varanger → '''𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌾𐌰𐌲𐌲𐍂𐍃''' (Warjaggrs). ON. ''*Ver(j)angr'', PGem. ''*warją'' + ''*angraz''. * Verdal → '''𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌻𐍃''' (Waíradals), '''𐍅𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌻𐍃''' (Wisadals). ON. ''Verdalr'', from ''*Ver'' (river name), possibly related to ''vera'' , or an old root ''*wer-'', ''*war-'' with the meaning of water (cf. ''Voss''). * Vestfold, see ''Fold''. * Vinje (Vinja) → '''𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌾𐍉𐍃''' (Winjōs). ON. ''Vinjar'' f.pl. (modern form from gen. ''Vinja''), PGem. ''*winjō'' (pl. ''*winjôz''). * Vold(a) → '''𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌰''' (Walda). ON. ''*Vǫld'' (?) f., ''Valdr'' m., PN. ''*Waldu'' (?). * Voss → '''𐍅𐌰𐍂𐍃𐌰''' (Warsa). ON. ''Vǫrs'' f., PGem. ''*Warsō'', ''*Warusō''. * Vågå → '''𐍅𐌰𐌲𐌰''' (Waga). ON. ''Vaga'', dat. of ''*Vagi''. Related to ''vega'', PGem. ''*weganą''. * Ål → '''𐌴𐌻𐍃''' (Ēls). ON. ''Áll'' m., PGem. ''*ēlaz''. * Ålesund → '''𐌴𐌻𐌰𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌳''' (Ēlasund). ON. ''*Álasund'' n., PGem. ''*ēlaz'' + ''*sundą''. * Ørst(a) → '''𐍅𐍉𐍂𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌰''' (Wōrista). ON. ''Ǿrstr'' f. (?), older ''*Wōristʀ''. * Øyer (Øye) → '''𐌰𐌿𐌾𐍉𐍃''' (Áujōs). ON. ''*Eyja'', gen. pl. of ''ey'', PGem. ''*awjō'', or dat./gen. of ''*Eyi'', PGem. ''*awjô''. The word ''*𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰'' (← PGem. ''*awjō'') is not attested in Gothic, however it’s a common word across the rest of the Germanic languages, so the odds are low for it having fallen out of Gothic. The form is also quite apparent based on similar words like ''*frawjǭ'' and ''*frawjô'' (→ ''𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌾𐍉'', ''𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰''). To properly adapt Germanic place names to Gothic, ''*𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰'' would need to be revived. * Øyeren → '''𐌰𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍃''' (Aweis). ON. ''*Eyir'', PGem. ''*Awijaz'', from ''*awjō''. <!--* Hareid → '''𐌷𐌰𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌹''' (Haþáidi). ON. ''Haðareið'', PGem. ''*Haþuz'' + ''*aidiją''.--> ==Notes and references== <references /> d96qv6j6p9hehbklx7ovixzj1kuf118 49049 49048 2026-07-19T19:33:14Z Eiliv 10999 49049 wikitext text/x-wiki This list is an attempt to catalogue the Gothic forms of various Norwegian place names. Especially in cases where we know the Proto-Norse form (such as ''Oslo'' ← PN. ''*Ansulauhu''), the Gothic form may be quite apparent, as there isn’t too much difference between these two languages. * Agder → '''𐌰𐌲𐌹𐌳𐍉𐍃''' (Agidōs). ON. ''Agdir'' f.pl., singular ''*Ǫgð'', PGem. ''*Agiðō''. * Aker → '''𐌰𐌺𐍂𐍃''' (Akrs). ON. ''Akr'', PGem. ''*akraz''. * Akershus → '''𐌰𐌺𐍂𐌰𐌷𐌿𐍃''' (Akrahūs). ON. ''akr'' + ''hús'', PGem. ''*akraz'' + ''hūsą''. * Alvdal, Elvdal → '''𐌰𐌻𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌻𐍃''' (Albidals). ON. ''Elfardalr'', PGem. ''*albī'' + ''*dalaz''. * Aremark → '''𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐌰''' (Aramarka). ON. ''*Aramǫrk'', PGem. ''*arô'' + ''*markō''. * Asker (Askar) → '''𐌰𐍃𐌺𐍉𐍃''' (Askōs). ON. ''Askar'' m.pl., PN. ''*Askōz''. * Askim → '''𐌰𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌼𐍃''' (Askaháims). ON. ''Ask(h)eimr'', PGem. ''*askaz'' + ''*haimaz''. * Askvoll → '''𐌰𐍃𐌺𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌿𐍃''' (Askawalþus). ON. ''*Askvǫllr'', PGem. ''*askaz'' + ''*walþuz''. * Aspern → '''𐌰𐍃𐍀𐌴𐌹𐍃''' (Aspeis). ON. ''Aspir'' m., PGem. ''*Aspijaz''. * Austfold, Østfold, see ''Fold''. * Bjørgvin, Bergen → '''[[𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰]]''' (Baírgawinja). ON. ''Bjǫrgvin'', ''*Biargwin'' f., PN. ''*Bergawinju''. * Bodø, Bodøya, Bodin → '''𐌱𐌿𐌳𐌰𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰''' (Budawinja). ON. ''Boðin'' f., older ''*Boðawin'', PGem. ''*budô'' + ''*winjō''. * Borre → '''𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌰𐌽𐌷𐌰''' (Baurdawranha). ON. ''Borró'' f., older ''*Borðró'', PGem. ''*burdą'' + ''*wranhō''. * Bygland → '''𐌱𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳''' (Biggwaland). ON. ''Byggland'', PGem. ''*bewwą'' + ''*landą''. * Bærum, Bærom → '''𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌲𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌼𐍃''' (Baírgaháims). ON. ''Berg(h)eimr'', PGem. ''*bergą'' + ''*haimaz''. * Dramn, Drammen → '''𐌳𐍂𐌰𐌱𐌽𐌰''' (Drabna). ON. ''Drǫfn'' f. (gen. ''Drafnar''), ''Drafn'' m., PN. ''*Drabnu'' (?). * Eiker → '''𐌰𐌹𐌺𐌾𐍉𐍃''' (Áikjōs). ON. ''Eikjar'' f.pl. from the neuter ''eiki'', PGem. ''*aikiją''. * Eikeren → '''𐌰𐌹𐌺𐌴𐌹𐍃''' (Áikeis). ON. ''Eikir'' m., PGem. ''*Aikijaz'', from ''*aiks''. * Finnmark → '''𐍆𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐌰''' (Finnamarka). ON. ''Finnmǫrk'', PGem. ''*finnaz'' + ''*markō''. * Fjordane → '''𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌸𐌾𐌿𐍃''' (Faírþjus). ON. ''Firðir'' m.pl., PGem. ''*ferþuz''. * Fold (Vest-, Aust-) → '''𐍆𐌿𐌻𐌳𐌰''' (Fulda). ON. ''Fold'' f., PGem. ''*fuldō''<!--, ''*fulþō''-->. * Follo → '''𐍆𐌿𐌻𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌷𐌰''' (Fuldaláuha). ON. ''Folló'', older ''Fold(ar)ló'', ''Fold'' + ''ló'', PGem. ''*fuldō''<!--, ''*fulþō''--> + ''*lauhō''. * Fosen, Fosna → '''𐍆𐌿𐌻𐌲𐍃𐌽𐌰''' (Fulgsna). ON. ''Fólgsn'', ''Fólksn'', ''sn''-derivation from ''fela'' (part. ''folginn''), PGem. ''*felhaną'' (part. ''*fulganaz''). * Fredrikstad → '''𐍆𐍂𐌹𐌸𐌿𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌸𐍃''' (Friþureikstaþs), '''𐍆𐍂𐌹𐌸𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐌴𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌸𐍃''' (Friþareikeistaþs) (?). PGem. ''*Friþurīks'' + ''*stadiz''. * Fyresdal → '''𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌷𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌻𐍃''' (Faúrhidals). ON. ''Fyrisdalr'', from ''*Fyrir'' (lake name), PGem. ''*Furhijaz'' (?), from ''*furhwǭ'' / ''*furhō''. * Førde (Fyrde) → '''𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌸𐌿𐍃''' (Faírþus). ON. ''Firði'' (dat. of ''Fjǫrðr''), PGem. ''*ferþuz''. * Geiranger → '''𐌲𐌰𐍂𐍅𐌾𐌰𐌲𐌲𐍂𐍃''' (Garwjaggrs). ON. ''*Gerangr'', older ''*Gerwangʀ'', PN. ''*Garwiangraʀ, PGem. ''*garwijō'' + ''*angraz''.<ref>Oddvar Nes (1984), “Geiranger”, in ''Namn og nemne'' (in Norwegian), [https://www.nb.no/items/b2656ee725fc71f15ca1a5c58f2b500e?page=38| page 37]</ref> * Gol (Gord) → '''𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌰''' (Garda). ON. ''Gǫrð'' (gen. ''Garðar''), PN. ''*Gardu'', derived from ''*gardaz''. * Granvin (Grove) → '''𐌲𐍂𐌰𐌽𐌰𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰''' (Granawinja). ON. ''Granvin'', PGem. ''*granō'' + ''*winjō''. * Gudbrandsdal → '''𐌲𐌿𐌸𐌰𐌱𐍂𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌻𐍉𐍃''' (Guþabrandadals). ON. ''Guðbrandsdalir'' m.pl., ''Guðbrandr'' + ''dalr'', PGem. ''*gudą'' + ''*brandaz'' + ''*dalaz''. * Hadsel → '''𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌸𐌰𐍃𐌹𐌲𐌻''' (Háubiþasigl). ON. ''Hǫfðasegl'', PGem. ''*habudô'' (← ''*habudą'') + ''*seglą''. * Halden (Hallen) → '''𐌷𐌰𐌻𐌻𐌰''' (Halla), '''𐌷𐌰𐌻𐌻𐌿𐍃''' (Hallus). Danish name ''Fredrikshald'' (1665–1928). ON. ''hǫll'' (hall), PGem. ''hallō'', or ''hallr'' (slope), PGem. ''halluz''. * Hamar → '''𐌷𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐍃''' (Hamars). ON. ''Hamarr'', PGem. ''*hamaraz''. * Hamarfest, Hammerfest → '''𐌷𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌰𐍆𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌹''' (Hamarafasti). ON. ''hamarr'' m., PGem. ''*hamaraz'' + ''festr'' f., PN. ''fastiōʀ'', PGem. ''fastijō''. * Hardanger → '''𐌷𐌰𐍂𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌲𐌲𐍂𐍃''' (Harudaggrs). ON. ''Harðangr'' m., PGem. ''*harudaz'' + ''*angraz''. * Harstad → '''𐌷𐌰𐍂𐌿𐌳𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌸𐌴𐌹𐍃''' (Harudastaþeis). ON. ''*Harðarstaðir'' m.pl., ''Hǫrðr'' (male name) + ''staðr'', PGem. ''*harudaz'' + ''*stadiz''. * Haugalandet → '''𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳''' (Háugaland). ON. ''Haugar'' m.pl. (farm name) + ''land'', PGem. ''*haugaz'' + ''*landą''. * Haugesund → '''𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌳''' (Háugasund). ON. ''Haugar'' m.pl. (farm name) + ''sund'', PGem. ''*haugaz'' + ''*sundą''. * Heidmark, Hedmark → '''𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌸𐌹𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐌰''' (Háiþimarka), '''𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌸𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐌰''' (Háiþinamarka). ON. ''Heiðmǫrk'' f., from ''heiðnir'' (tribe name, [[w:en:Chaedini|Chaedini]]), PGem. ''*haiþīnaz''. * Hjerkinn (Hjerdkinn) → '''𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌳𐌰𐌺𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌿𐍃''' (Haírdakinnus). ON. ''Hjarðkinn'' f., PGem. ''*herdō'' + ''*kinnuz''. * Hordaland → '''𐌷𐌰𐍂𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳''' (Harudaland). ON. ''Hǫrðaland'' n., PGem. ''*harudaz'' + ''*landą''. * Karmøy (Kartå) → '''𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌼𐍄𐌰''' (Karmta), '''𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰''' (Karmauja). ON. ''Kǫrmt'' (gen. ''Karmtar''), derived from ''karmr'', PGem. ''*karmaz''. Uncertain derivation suffix, possibly either ''*-þō'' or ''-dō''. * Lier (Lider) → '''𐌷𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌳𐍉𐍃''' (Hleidōs). ON. ''Líðir'' f.pl., older ''*Hlíðir'', PGem. ''*hlīdō''. * Lindesnes → '''𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌰𐍃𐌹''' (Leiþandnasi). ON. ''Líðandi'' + ''nes'', PGem. ''*līþandz'' + ''*nasją''. * Lofot(en) → '''𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌷𐌰𐍆𐍉𐍄𐌿𐍃''' (Laúhafōtus). ON. ''Lófótr'', PGem. ''*luhǭ'' (← ''*luhsaz'', cf. ''*fuhǭ'') + ''*fōts''. * Lom → '''𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌷𐍉𐍃''' (Láuhōs). ON. ''Lóar'' (dat. ''Lóm'', ''Lóum''), PGem. ''*lauhō''. * Mjøs, Mjøsa → '''𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍃𐌰''' (Maírsa). ON. ''Mjǫrs'', PN. ''*Mersu'', PGem. ''*Mersō''. * Molde → '''𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌳𐍉𐍃''' (Muldōs). ON. ''Moldar'' f.pl., PGem. ''*muldō''. * Møre (Sunn-, Nord-) → '''𐌼𐍉𐍂𐌹''' (Mōri) (''𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌸𐍂𐌰-'', ''𐌽𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌸𐌰-''). ON. ''Mǿrr'' f. (dat. ''Mǿri''), PN. ''*Mōriōʀ'', PGem. ''*Mōrijō'' / ''*Mōrī''. * Narvik → '''𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌸𐌿𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌺𐍃''' (Naírþuweiks). ON. ''*Njarðarvík'' (''Njǫrðr'' + ''vík''), PGem. ''*Nerþuz'' + ''*wíks''. * Nes → '''𐌽𐌰𐍃𐌹''' (Nasi). ON. ''Nes'', PGem. ''*Nasją''. * Nesbyen → '''𐌽𐌰𐍃𐌹𐌱𐌿𐍅𐍃''' (Nasibūws). ON. ''*Nesbýr'', PGem. ''*Nasją'' + ''*būwiz''. * Noreg, Norway<ref name=eng-name>English name that is or has been in use.</ref> → '''[[𐌽𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌸𐌰𐍅𐌹𐌲𐍃]]''' (Naúrþawigs). ON. ''Noregr'', ''Norvegr'', possibly older ''*Norðvegr'' (cf. OEn. ''Norðweg''). Another theory is ''*Nórvegr'', from ''nór'' (narrow sound), PGem. ''*nōrą''. *: Another historical name is ''Norðmannaland'', whose Gothic form would be '''𐌽𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌸𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳''' (Naúrþamanaland). * Onsaker → '''𐍅𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌺𐍂𐍃''' (Wōdanakrs). ON. ''*Óðinsakr'' m., PGem. ''*Wōdanaz'' + ''*akraz''. * Onsrud → '''𐍅𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌰𐍂𐌿𐌳''' (Wōdanarud), '''𐍅𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌷𐌿𐍆''' (Wōdanahuf). ON. ''Óðinn'' + ''ruð'' n. (← PGem. ''*rudą''), older ''Óðinshof'' n., PGem. ''*Wōdanaz'' + ''*hufą''. * Onsøy → '''𐍅𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰''' (Wōdanáuja). ON. ''Óðinsey'' f., PGem. ''*Wōdanaz'' + ''*awjō''. * Oppland (Uppland) → '''𐌹𐌿𐍀𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰''' (Iuplanda). ON. ''Upplǫnd'' n.pl., PGem. ''*upp'' + ''*landą''. * Orkanger → '''𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌺𐌰𐌲𐌲𐍂𐍃''' (Waúrkaggrs). ON. ''*Ork'' + ''angr'', PGem. ''*wurkijaną'' (''*Wurkō''?) + ''*angraz''. * Orkdal → '''𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌺𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌻𐍃''' (Waúrkadals). ON. ''Orkardalr'', older ''*Orkardalr'', PGem. ''*wurkijaną'' (''*Wurkō''?) + ''*dalaz''. * Orkla (river) → '''𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌺𐌹𐌻𐍉''' (Waúrkilō), → '''𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌺𐌰''' (Waúrka). ON. ''*Orkla'' f., older ''*Ork'' f., PGem. ''*wurkijaną'' (''*Wurkō''?). * Orkland → '''𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳''' (Waúrkaland). ON. ''*Ork'' + ''land'', PGem. ''*wurkijaną'' (''*Wurkō''?) + ''*landą''. * Oslo → '''[[𐌰𐌽𐍃𐌿𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌷𐌰]]''' (Ansuláuha). ON. ''Ósló'', ''Ǫ́sló'', ''Ásló'' f., PN. ''*Ansulauhu'', ''*Ansulōhu''. *: The origin of ''Oslo'' has been up to debate, with several theories spanning between ''*ansaz'' / ''*amsaz'' (mountain ridge) and ''*ōsaz'' (estuary), however the vowel was nasal in Old Norse, as seen in Dutch ''Ansloo'' and Latin ''Ansloa'', so ''*ōsaz'' is ruled out. The third theory is ''*ansuz'' (god), which due to ''u''-umlaut would explain the ''ó-'' vowel (cf. the form ''óss'' alongside ''áss'', and names like ''Ósmundr'' / ''Ásmundr''). The latter element ''ló'' is the PGem. ''*lauhō'' f. (meadow), an alternative form of the masculine ''*lauhaz'' which gave rise to the West Germanic forms. The Gothic adaptation could very well use the feminine form for consistency, as the word is not attested in this language, and it would be natural for it to be borrowed in the feminine form had Gothic gotten it from Proto-Norse. * Otta → '''𐌿𐌷𐍄𐍉''' (Uhtō). ON. ''Ótta'' f., from ''ótti'' (fear, dread), PGem. ''*uhtô''. * Røst → '''𐍅𐍂𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌰''' (Wrasta). ON. ''Rǫst'', PGem. ''*wrastō''. * Røyken → '''𐌷𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌰𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰''' (Hráukawinja). ON. ''Reykin'' f., older ''*Hreyk(w)in'', ''*Hrauk(w)in'', PGem. ''*hraukaz'' + ''*winjō''. * Sauda → '''𐍃𐌰𐌿𐌸𐍉𐍃''' (Sáuþōs), ON. ''*Sauðar'' m.pl., PGem. ''*seuþaną''. * Sel → '''𐍃𐌹𐌻''' (Sil). ON. ''Sil'' n., PGem. ''*silą'' (?). * Selbu → '''𐍃𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌱𐌿''' (Silabū). ON. ''*Seli'' (lake name) + ''bú'' n., PGem. ''*silô'' + ''*būą''. * Selje, Selja → '''𐍃𐌰𐌻𐌾𐍉''' (Saljō). ON. ''Selja'' f., derivation of ''sel'' n., PGem. ''*salją''. * Sira → '''𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌷𐍅𐌰𐍂𐍉''' (Seihwarō), '''𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌷𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌰''' (Seihwara). ON. ''Síra'' f. (← PGem. ''*Sīhwarǭ''), or ''Síri'' m. (gen. ''Síra''), PGem. ''*Sīhwarô''. Related to ''*sīhwaną''. * Sirdal → '''𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌷𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌻𐍃''' (Seihwaradals). ON. ''Síra'' (river name) + ''dalr'' n., PGem. ''*Sīhwarǭ'' (?) + ''*dalaz''. Related to ''*sīhwaną''. * Skoger (Skogar) → '''𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌲𐍉𐍃''' (Skōgōs). ON. ''Skógar'' m.pl., PGem. ''*skōgaz''. * Snåsa (Snòsa, Snasa) → '''𐍃𐌽𐌰𐍃𐌰''' (Snasa). ON. ''Snǫs'' f. (gen. ''Snasar''), from ''snǫs'', related to ''nǫs'', PGem. ''*nasō''. * Sogn → '''𐍃𐌿𐌲𐌽𐍃''' (Sugns). ON. ''Sogn'' m., ''n''-derivation of ''súga'', PGem. ''*sūganą''. PGem. ''*Sugnaz'' (?). * Spydeberg (Speberg) → '''𐍃𐍀𐌹𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌲𐍃''' (Spiutabaírgs). ON. ''Spjótaberg'', PGem. ''*speutą'' + ''*bergą''. * Stavanger → '''𐍃𐍄𐌰𐍆𐌰𐌲𐌲𐍂𐍃''' (Stafaggrs). ON. ''Stafangr'', PGem. ''*stabaz'' + ''*angraz''. * Steinkjer → '''𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌰𐍃𐌰''' (Stáinakasa). ON. ''Steinker'' n.pl., PGem. ''*stainaz'' + ''*kazą''. * Stjørdal → '''𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌿𐍂𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌻𐍃''' (Stiuradals). ON. ''Stjóradalr'', from ''*Stjór'' (river name), possibly from the PGem. root ''*steur-'', whence also ''*stiurijaną''. * Stryn → '''𐍃𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌿𐌽𐍉𐍃''' (Striunōs). ON. ''Strjónar'' f.pl., from ''*Strjón'' f. (river name), PGem. root ''*streun-''. * Svalbard → '''𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌳𐍃''' (Swalabards). ON. ''Svalbarð'' n., ''Svalbarðr'' m., PGem. ''*swalaz'' + ''*bardą'', ''*bardaz''. * Svelvik (Sverdvik) → '''𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌱𐌹𐌸𐌰𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌺𐍃''' (Swaírbiþaweiks). ON. ''Sverðvík'' f., ''*sverfð'' (''sverfa'' + ''-ð'') + ''vík'', PGem. ''*swerbaną'' + ''*-iþō'' + ''*wīks''. * Sæbø → '''𐍃𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌱𐌿𐍅𐍃''' (Sáiwabūws). ON. ''Sævarbýr'' m., PGem. ''*saiwaz'' + ''*būwaz''. * Telemark → '''𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌹𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐌰''' (Þaílimarka). ON. ''Þelamǫrk'' f., ''þilir'' + ''mǫrk'', PGem. ''*þelīz'' (?) + ''*markō''. * Tromsø, Troms (Trums) → '''𐍄𐍂𐌿𐌼𐍃𐌰''' (Trumsa). ON. ''Trums'' f. * Trumsøya → '''𐍄𐍂𐌿𐌼𐍃𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰''' (Trumsáuja). ON. ''Trums'' f. + ''ey'', PGem. ''*awjō''. * Trondheim, Throwendham<ref name=eng-name /> → '''[[𐌸𐍂𐍉𐍅𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌼𐍃]]''' (Þrōwōndháims). ON. ''Þrónd(h)eimr'' m., PGem. ''*þrōwōndz'' + ''*haimaz''. * Træna → '''𐌸𐍂𐌹𐌳𐌽𐌰''' (Þridna). ON. ''Þriðn'' f., ''n''-derivation of ''*þrið'' (unit of three), PGem. ''*þridō''. Related to ''*þridjô'' and ''*þrīz''. * Trøndelag → '''[[𐌸𐍂𐍉𐍅𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌻𐌰𐌲𐌰]]''' (Þrōwōndlaga). ON. ''Þrǿndalǫg'' n.pl., PGem. ''*þrōwōndz'' + ''*lagą'' (pl. ''*lagō''). * Ulstein → '''𐍅𐌿𐌻𐍆𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃''' (Wulfastáins). ON. ''*Ulfsteinn'' m.pl., ''ulfr'' + ''steinn'', PGem. ''*wulfaz'' + ''*stainaz''. * Ulvestad → '''𐍅𐌿𐌻𐍆𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌸𐌴𐌹𐍃''' (Wulfastaþeis). ON. ''*Ulfastaðir'' m.pl., from ''*Ulfi'' (male name), or ''*Ulfustaðir'' from ''*Ulfa'' f. (river name). All from PGem. ''*wulfaz''. * Vadsø, Vatsøy → '''𐍅𐌰𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰''' (Watáuja). ON. ''*Vatsey'', PGem. ''*watōr'' + ''*awjō''. * Valdres → '''𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌿𐌻𐌹𐍃''' (Walþulis). ON. ''Valdres'', older ''*Waldles'' n., PGem. ''*walþuz'' + ''*lesą'' (??), a relative of ''*lēswō'' (PWGem. ''*lāsu''). * Valle → '''𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌿𐍃''' (Walþjus). ON. ''*Vellir'' m.pl. (gen. ''Valla''), PGem. ''*walþuz''. * Vang → '''𐍅𐌰𐌲𐌲𐍃''' (Waggs). ON. ''Vangr'' m., PGem. ''*wangaz''. * Vardø (Vordøy, Vargøy) → '''𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌸𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰''' (Warþáuja), '''𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌲𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰''' (Wargáuja). ON. ''*Vǫrð(u)ey'' (← PGem. ''*warþǭ'', ''*warþō''), older name ''Vargey'', PGem. ''*wargaz'' + ''*awjō''. * Vefsn, Vefsna → '''𐍅𐌰𐌱𐌹𐍃𐌽𐌰''' (Wabisna). ON. ''*Vefsn'' f., ''sn''-derivation of the PGem. root ''*wab-'', ''*web-'', whence also ''*wabjaną''. * Vanse → '''𐍅𐌰𐌽𐌰𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌷𐌰𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰''' (Wanaweihawinja). ON. ''*Vanavésvin'' f., PGem. ''*wanaz'' + ''*wīhą'' + ''*winjō''. * Varanger → '''𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌾𐌰𐌲𐌲𐍂𐍃''' (Warjaggrs). ON. ''*Ver(j)angr'', PGem. ''*warją'' + ''*angraz''. * Verdal → '''𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌻𐍃''' (Waíradals), '''𐍅𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌻𐍃''' (Wisadals). ON. ''Verdalr'', from ''*Ver'' (river name), possibly related to ''vera'' , or an old root ''*wer-'', ''*war-'' with the meaning of water (cf. ''Voss''). * Vestfold, see ''Fold''. * Vinje (Vinja) → '''𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌾𐍉𐍃''' (Winjōs). ON. ''Vinjar'' f.pl. (modern form from gen. ''Vinja''), PGem. ''*winjō'' (pl. ''*winjôz''). * Vold(a) → '''𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌰''' (Walda), '''𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌳𐍃''' (Walds). ON. ''*Vǫld'' (?) f., ''Valdr'' m., PN. ''*Waldu'' (?). * Voss → '''𐍅𐌰𐍂𐍃𐌰''' (Warsa). ON. ''Vǫrs'' f., PGem. ''*Warsō'', ''*Warusō''. * Vågå → '''𐍅𐌰𐌲𐌰''' (Waga). ON. ''Vaga'', dat. of ''*Vagi''. Related to ''vega'', PGem. ''*weganą''. * Ål → '''𐌴𐌻𐍃''' (Ēls). ON. ''Áll'' m., PGem. ''*ēlaz''. * Ålesund → '''𐌴𐌻𐌰𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌳''' (Ēlasund). ON. ''*Álasund'' n., PGem. ''*ēlaz'' + ''*sundą''. * Ørst(a) → '''𐍅𐍉𐍂𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌰''' (Wōrista), '''𐍅𐍉𐍂𐌹𐍃𐍄𐍃''' (Wōrists). ON. ''Ǿrst'' (?) f., ''Ǿrstr'' m., older ''*Wōristʀ''. * Øyer (Øye) → '''𐌰𐌿𐌾𐍉𐍃''' (Áujōs). ON. ''*Eyja'', gen. pl. of ''ey'', PGem. ''*awjō'', or dat./gen. of ''*Eyi'', PGem. ''*awjô''. The word ''*𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰'' (← PGem. ''*awjō'') is not attested in Gothic, however it’s a common word across the rest of the Germanic languages, so the odds are low for it having fallen out of Gothic. The form is also quite apparent based on similar words like ''*frawjǭ'' and ''*frawjô'' (→ ''𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌾𐍉'', ''𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰''). To properly adapt Germanic place names to Gothic, ''*𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰'' would need to be revived. * Øyeren → '''𐌰𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍃''' (Aweis). ON. ''*Eyir'', PGem. ''*Awijaz'', from ''*awjō''. <!--* Hareid → '''𐌷𐌰𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌹''' (Haþáidi). ON. ''Haðareið'', PGem. ''*Haþuz'' + ''*aidiją''.--> ==Notes and references== <references /> jvo5n4n4vmsepan87d78tg5ijisj1j6 Main Page 0 9095 49050 2026-07-20T10:30:38Z PK2 2125 Redirected page to [[𐌰𐌽𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍆𐍃]] 49050 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[𐌰𐌽𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍆𐍃]] pvb9b6gp5ggiac22rr95js7z2xux2r5