Wikipedia gpewiki https://gpe.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page MediaWiki 1.46.0-wmf.24 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikipedia Wikipedia talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 1156 97291 84732 2026-04-25T06:26:07Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 97291 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox|item=Q3787|Jago MLBB=Buza92}} '''Abuja''' (/əˈbuːdʒə/)<ref name=":0">[http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/abuja's "Define Abuja's at Dictionary.com"]. ''dictionary.com''. Random House, Inc. Retrieved 14 April 2015.</ref> be de capital den eighth most populous city for [[Nigeria]].<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/place/Abuja-national-capital-Nigeria "Abuja | Geography, Development, & Population | Britannica"]. ''www.britannica.com''. Retrieved 12 March 2022.</ref> Edey de centre of de country wey dey within de Federal Capital Territory (FCT), dem plan go build de city mainly insyd de 1980s based on a master plan by International Planning Associates (IPA),<ref>Ogbuenyi, Nosike (3 February 2022). [https://www.premiumtimesng.com/features-and-interviews/509441-abuja-at-46-the-dreams-strides-challenges.html "Abuja at 46: The Dreams, Strides, Challenges"]. ''Premium Times Nigeria''. Retrieved 7 November 2022.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220226000031/https://amlsnconference.org/the-nigeria-capital-city/ "The Nigeria Capital City – AMLSN National Conference"]. Archived from the original on 26 February 2022. Retrieved 7 November 2022.</ref> be consortium for three American planning den architecture firms wey dey make up of Wallace, Roberts, McHarg & Todd (WRMT – a group of architects) as demma lead, Archisystems International (subsidiary for de Howard Hughes Corporation), den Planning Research Corporation. De Central Business District for Abuja dem design am by Japanese architect Kenzo Tange.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220219233941/https://en.tangeweb.com/works/works_no-66/ "Central area of New Federal Capital City of Nigeria"]. ''Tange Associates''. Retrieved 19 February 2022.</ref><ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/6355269.stm "Life of poverty in Abuja's wealth"]. ''news.bbc.co.uk''. BBC News, Tuesday, 13 February 2007. 13 February 2007. Retrieved 10 August 2007.</ref><ref>titel. [https://titel.jp/en "Build a house in Japan | Connect with Japanese Architects | titel"]. ''titel (タイテル)''. Retrieved 12 March 2022.</ref> Dem replace Lagos, de country ein most populous city, as de capital for 12 December 1991.<ref>Roman Adrian Cybriwsky, Capital Cities around the World: An Encyclopedia of Geography, History, and Culture, ABC-CLIO, USA, 2013, p. 2</ref><ref> Alkasum, Abba (2012). ABUJA: The making of a capital city, 1976–2006.</ref> Abuja ein geography dem define am by Aso Rock, a 400-metre (1,300 ft) monolith left by water erosion. De Presidential Complex, National Assembly,<ref>[https://www.nassnig.org/ "National Assembly | Federal Republic of Nigeria"]. ''www.nassnig.org''. Retrieved 30 May 2020.</ref> Supreme Court den much of de city dem extend am go south for de rock. Zuma Rock, a 792-metre (2,598 ft) monolith, edey lie just north for de city wey dey de expressway to Kaduna.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220627170359/https://www.visitnigerianow.com/tours/zuma-rock/ "Zuma Rock"]. ''Visit Nigeria Now''. Archived from [https://www.visitnigerianow.com/tours/zuma-rock/ the original] on 27 June 2022. Retrieved 4 January 2022.</ref> At de 2006 census, de city for Abuja gey a population of 776,298<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130319130952/http://placng.org/Legal%20Notice%20on%20Publication%20of%202006%20Census%20Final%20Results.pdf "Legal Notice on Publication of 2006 Census Final Results"] (PDF). Policy and Legal Advocacy Centre. Archived from [http://placng.org/Legal%20Notice%20on%20Publication%20of%202006%20Census%20Final%20Results.pdf the original] (PDF) on 19 March 2013. Retrieved 10 June 2012.</ref> den 179,674 households<ref>Ogwueleka, Toochukwu Chibueze (1 August 2013). [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921344913001304 "Survey of household waste composition and quantities in Abuja, Nigeria"]. ''Resources, Conservation and Recycling''. '''77''': 52–60. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2013.05.011|10.1016/j.resconrec.2013.05.011]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]]&nbsp;[[issn:0921-3449|0921-3449]].</ref> wey dey make am one of demma ten most populous cities insyd Nigeria (placing eighth as of 2006). According to de United Nations, Abuja grow by 139.7% as edey between 2000 den 2010, wey edey make am de fastest growing city insyd de world.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20151117022953/http://blog.euromonitor.com/2010/03/special-report-worlds-fastest-growing-cities-are-in-asia-and-africa.html "World's Fastest Growing Cities are in Asia and Africa"]. Euromonitor. 2 March 2010. Archived from [http://blog.euromonitor.com/2010/03/special-report-worlds-fastest-growing-cities-are-in-asia-and-africa.html the original] on 17 November 2015. Retrieved 26 October 2015.</ref> As of 2015, de city dey experience an annual growth for de least 35%, retaining ein position as de fastest-growing city for de African continent den one of de fastest-growing insyd de world.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160204113031/http://www.abujafacts.ng/top-5-cities-to-do-business-in-nigeria-abuja-is-2nd/ "Top 5 Cities To Do Business in Nigeria. ABUJA Is 2nd"]. Abuja Facts. 22 April 2015. Archived from [http://www.abujafacts.ng/top-5-cities-to-do-business-in-nigeria-abuja-is-2nd/ the original] on 4 February 2016. Retrieved 26 October 2015.</ref><ref>Aguochi, O.J.J (2004). ''Abuja: Birth of the colossus''. Stirling Horden publishers.</ref> As of 2016, de metropolitan area for Abuja be estimate say at six million people, wey dey place am behind only Lagos as de most populous metro area insyd Nigeria.<ref>Jaiyeola, Andrews. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170806020432/http://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2016/03/29/fct-minister-harps-on-development-of-satellite-towns/ "FCT Minister Harps on Development of Satellite Towns"]. Archived from [http://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2016/03/29/fct-minister-harps-on-development-of-satellite-towns/ the original] on 6 August 2017. Retrieved 22 November 2016.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210808194642/https://ftan.org.ng/index.php/nigeria-tourism-facts/258-abuja-nigeria "Abuja Nigeria"]. ''ftan.org.ng''. Archived from [https://ftan.org.ng/index.php/nigeria-tourism-facts/258-abuja-nigeria the original] on 8 August 2021. Retrieved 30 May 2020.</ref> == Jago MLBB Namba 1 in Nigeria == Abuzar or buza92 the slayer is king of Nigerian. No one in Nigeria come close to him yet. Long live king Buza! == Education == Dem sanso know Abuja as one of de states insyd Nigeria wey dey provide quality post-secondary education. E speedily dey cam turn attraction give students secof de presence of both public den private universities wey dey grow.<ref>says, George Kato (13 June 2021). [https://web.archive.org/web/20210709185325/https://alluniversity.com.ng/private-universities-in-abuja/ "2021 Update List Of Private Universities in Abuja Accredited By NUC"]. ''Latest JAMB News | All Nigerian Universities News''. Archived from [https://alluniversity.com.ng/private-universities-in-abuja/ the original] on 9 July 2021. Retrieved 6 July 2021.</ref> === Universities === * [[African University of Science and Technology]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230918200310/https://aust.edu.ng/ "Welcome to AUST — AUST"]. ''aust.edu.ng''. Retrieved 29 June 2021.</ref> * [[Baze University]]<ref>[https://bazeuniversity.edu.ng/ "Baze University"]. ''bazeuniversity.edu.ng''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20111123162331/http://www.bazeuniversity.edu.ng:80/ Archived] from the original on 23 November 2011. Retrieved 12 July 2021.</ref> * National Open University of Nigeria<ref>[https://nou.edu.ng/ "Home | National Open University of Nigeria"]. ''nou.edu.ng''. Retrieved 29 June 2021.</ref> * [[Nile University of Nigeria]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210629082258/http://saharareporters.com/2021/06/18/buhari%E2%80%99s-minister-keyamo-university-lecture-says-nigerians-will-beg-return-disbanded-sars "Buhari's Minister, Keyamo At University Lecture Says Nigerians Will Beg For Return Of Disbanded SARS, Students Mock Him"]. ''Sahara Reporters''. 18 June 2021. Retrieved 29 June 2021.</ref><ref>[https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2020/05/10/covid-19-lockdown-has-not-disrupted-our-academic-activities-says-nike-varsity/ "Covid 19: Lockdown Has not Disrupted Our Academic Activities, Says Nike Varsity"]. ''THISDAYLIVE''. 10 May 2020. Retrieved 29 June 2021.</ref><ref>[https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/269568-nuc-releases-names-of-universities-approved-for-post-graduate-programmes-full-list.html "NUC releases names of universities approved for post-graduate programmes (FULL LIST)"]. 24 May 2018. Retrieved 29 June 2021.</ref> * [[University of Abuja]]<ref>[https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2021/06/16/uniabuja-calls-for-good-governance-holds-maiden-leadership-retreat/ "UniAbuja Calls for Good Governance, Holds Maiden Leadership Retreat"]. ''THISDAYLIVE''. 15 June 2021. Retrieved 29 June 2021.</ref> * [[Veritas University]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230909083525/https://veritas.edu.ng/ "Veritas University Abuja"]. ''www.veritas.edu.ng''. Retrieved 29 June 2021.</ref><ref>[https://www.vanguardngr.com/2021/05/police-asked-us-to-have-minimal-activities-on-campus-veritas-varsity-vc/ "Police asked us to have minimal activities on campus — Veritas varsity VC"]. ''Vanguard News''. 8 May 2021. Retrieved 29 June 2021.</ref> * Philomath University<ref>[https://www.philomath.edu.ng/ "Philomath University"]. ''Philomath.edu.ng''. 27 September 2022. Retrieved 8 October 2022.</ref> * [https://miva.university/ Miva Open University] === International schools === * The Centagon International School, Maitama<ref>[https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2020/02/09/383920 "How Centagon International Emerged Abuja's Topmost School"]. ''THISDAYLIVE''. 9 February 2020. Retrieved 29 June 2021.</ref> * American International School of Abuja<ref>[https://www.techcityng.com/2021-top-secondary-schools-in-nigeria-with-amazing-tech-programs/ "2021 Top Secondary Schools in Nigeria with Amazing Tech Programs"]. ''TechCity''. 19 March 2021. Retrieved 29 June 2021.</ref> * Whiteplains British School, Jabi<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210916204840/https://buzznigeria.com/whiteplains-british-school-holds-biggest-summer-event/ "Whiteplains British School Holds Biggest Summer Event"]. ''BuzzNigeria – Famous People, Celebrity Bios, Updates and Trendy News''. 13 July 2016. Retrieved 29 June 2021.</ref><ref>[https://www.pulse.ng/communities/student/expensive-education-top-10-most-expensive-secondary-schools-in-nigeria/czvf2vq "Top 10 Most Expensive Secondary Schools In Nigeria"]. ''Pulse Nigeria''. 10 November 2015. Retrieved 29 June 2021.</ref> * École Française Marcel Pagnol * Abraham Lincoln American Academy, Abuja == Natural resources == Abuja be one of de cities wey dem endow plus natural resources for Nigeria insyd, wey dis resources dey serve as raw materials give pharmaceutical, food processing, medicinal den oda processing companies, wey dem sanso be useful give commercial purposes, den as sources of food. Among dis materials dey include: === Mineral Raw Materials === * Clay * Gold * Tin * Feldspar * Tantalite * Cassiterite * Marble * Talc * Dolomite Source<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/place/Abuja-federal-capital-territory-Nigeria "Federal Capital Territory | Location & Geography | Britannica"]. ''www.britannica.com''. Retrieved 31 December 2022.</ref><ref>Ikenwa, Chizoba (13 January 2020). [https://web.archive.org/web/20221231150517/https://nigerianinfopedia.com.ng/natural-resources-found-in-abuja-full-list/ "Natural Resources Found in Abuja: Full List"]. ''Nigerian Infopedia''. Retrieved 31 December 2022.</ref> === Agro Raw Materials === * Maize<ref>Isah, Abubakar Sadiq (6 May 2021). [https://web.archive.org/web/20221231141532/https://dailytrust.com/inside-abuja-community-where-dry-season-maize-farming-booms/ "Inside Abuja community where dry season maize farming booms"]. ''Daily Trust''. Retrieved 31 December 2022.</ref> * Groundnut * Sorghum == Gallery == <gallery class="center" widths="140"> File:Abuja city gate.jpg|Abuja city gate File:Zuma Rock.jpg|Zuma rock File:Abuja Airport Terminal.jpg|Terminal for de Abuja International Airport File:Nigeria's National Assembly Building with the Mace.jpg|Nigeria ein National Assembly Building plus de Mace File:MinForeignAffairs.jpg|De Ministry of Foreign Affairs File:Gen Shehu Musa Yar'Adua in Abuja 2.jpg|Shehu Musa Yar'adua Center File:Ceiling of Shehu Musa Yar'Adua Centre in Abuja.jpg|Glass Dome of Shehu Musa Yar'adua Centre for Abuja insyd File:Side view of Central Bank of Nigeria, Abuja.jpg|Side view of Central Bank of Nigeria, Abuja File:Usman Dam, Bwari Abuja.jpg|Usman Dam, Bwari Abuja File:Nigeria Senate Building (Red Chamber).jpg|Nigeria Senate Building (Red Chamber) File:Millennium Park Abuja1.jpg|Millennium Park File:Abuja park Millennium.jpg|Abuja Millennium Park File:Abuja mountains.jpg|alt=|Green hills File:View of Abuja from Katampe hill 01.jpg|alt=|View of Abuja from Katampe hill </gallery> == Honorary citizens == People dem award de Honorary citizenship of Abuja be: {| class="wikitable" !Date !Name !Notes |- |10 February 2016 |Joachim Gauck (24 January 1940–) |Germany ein Presido (2012–2017)<ref name=":0" /> |- |4 July 2018 |Emmanuel Macron (21 December 1977–) |France ein Presido (2017–)<ref>[https://www.graphic.com.gh/international/international-news/nigeria-french-president-made-honorary-citizen-of-abuja.html "Nigeria: French President made honorary citizen of Abuja"]. ''Graphic Online''.</ref> |- |30 August 2018 |Rt. Hon. Theresa May (1 October 1956–) |Prime Minister of de United Kingdom (2016–2019)<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230605140904/https://verbatimnigeria.org/2018/08/30/theresa-may-conferred-with-abuja-citizenship/ "THERESA MAY CONFERRED WITH ABUJA CITIZENSHIP"]. ''verbatimnigeria.org''.</ref> |} == References == <references /> == External links == '''Abuja''' for Wikipedia sisto projects top * [[commons:Category:Abuja|Media]] from Commons * [[wikiquote:Special:Search/Abuja|Quotations]] from Wikiquote * [[wikivoyage:Abuja|Travel information]] from Wikivoyage * [[wikidata:Q3787|Data]] from Wikidata * [https://web.archive.org/web/20240824133834/https://fcta.gov.ng/ Official website] [[Category:Abuja]] [[Category:1970s establishments insyd Nigeria]] [[Category:Capitals insyd Africa]] [[Category:Cities insyd Nigeria]] [[Category:Federal Capital Territory (Nigeria)]] [[Category:Local Government Areas insyd de Federal Capital Territory (Nigeria)]] [[Category:Fresh towns dem start insyd de 1970s]] [[Category:Planned capitals]] [[Category:Planned communities insyd Nigeria]] [[Category:Populated places dem establish insyd de 1970s]] [[Category:Populated places insyd de Federal Capital Territory (Nigeria)]] [[Category:Pages plus maps]] 2n0a4zn3ls2napleyz5kkjqsd5r5hyc 0 25106 97283 97279 2026-04-24T22:00:51Z DaSupremo 9 Remove repeated infomation 97283 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Her Honour Susanna Nyakotey''' be Ghanaian District Magistrate<ref>{{Cite web |title=Circuit Court Judges |url=https://judicial.gov.gh/index.php/about-the-judiciary/judges-and-magistrates/circuitcourt-judges |access-date=2026-03-17 |website=judicial.gov.gh}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Service |first=Judicial |title=Leave an Indelible Mark – CJ Tells Judges and Magistrates |url=https://judicial.gov.gh/jsweb/index.php/publications/js-latest-news/item/402-leave-an-indelible-mark-cj-tells-judges-and-magistrates |access-date=2026-03-17 |website=judicial.gov.gh |language=en-gb}}</ref> den de current Secretary of de International Association of Women Judges (IAWJ) [[Ghana]] Chapter.<ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=HER WORSHIP SUSANNA NYAKOTEY - IAWJ, Ghana Chapter.|url=https://iawjghana.org/about/6561d666b1393/team|access-date=2026-03-17|website=iawjghana.org}}</ref> She currently dey preside over de Madina District Court II for [[Accra]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dennis |first=Sunday |date=2025-11-14 |title=Two Nigerians jailed for using forged documents to obtain Ghana card |url=https://dailypost.ng/2025/11/14/two-nigerians-jailed-for-using-forged-documents-to-obtain-ghana-card/ |access-date=2026-03-17 |website=Daily Post Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Two Nigerians jailed for using false documents to obtain Ghana cards |url=https://www.dennislawnews.com/article/two-nigerians-jailed-for-using-false-documents-to-obtain-ghana-cards |access-date=2026-03-17 |website=www.dennislawnews.com |language=en}}</ref> == Education == Nyakotey Susanna dey carry Bachelor of laws (LLB) degree from de University of London.<ref name=":02" /> She subsequently obtain ein Qualifying Certificate in Law from de Ghana School of Law, qualifying am to be admitted to de Ghana Bar.<ref name=":02" /> == Career == Nyakotey ein career dey start am ein Judiciary work insyd 2008, dat be wen she work insyd de Circuit Court as an interpreter, a position she hold til 2015.<ref name=":02" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=From An Interpreter To A Lawyer |url=https://www.modernghana.com/lifestyle/9997/from-an-interpreter-to-a-lawyer.html |access-date=2026-03-17 |website=Modern Ghana |language=en}}</ref> Dis experience foundationally provide am plus practical exposure to court proceedings plus judicial administration. She take gain additional experience thru an internship plus de Office of de Attorney General and Ministry of Justice.<ref name=":02" /> She sanso plete ein pupillage plus Torpey and Associates, a private legal firm.<ref name=":02" /> From 2018-2022, Nyakotey serve am as a Legal Officer insyd de Legal Department of de Judicial Service of Ghana.<ref name=":02" /> Insyd dis period, she sanso hold de positions of Recorder for de Judicial Council plus Recorder for de General Legal Council, wey dey contribute to de administrative den regulatory functions of Ghana ein legal profession.<ref name=":02" /> == References == <references /> [[Category:Human]] [[Category:Ghanaians]] [[Category:Ghanaian women judges]] [[Category:Alumni of de University of London]] [[Category:Ghana School of Law alumni]] le9f7p90eo4weablxojmsi8jf64k19n 0 26593 97284 97282 2026-04-24T22:29:50Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97284 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Esophageal cancer''' (American English) anaa '''oesophageal cancer''' (British English) be [[cancer]] wey dey arise from de esophagus—de food pipe wey dey run between de throat den de stomach.<ref name="WCR2014">{{Cite book |title=World Cancer Report 2014 |vauthors=Montgomery EA, Basman FT, Brennan P, Malekzadeh R |date=2014 |publisher=World Health Organization |isbn=978-92-832-0429-9 |veditors=Stewart BW, Wild CP |pages=528–543 |chapter=Oesophageal Cancer}}</ref> Symptoms often dey include difficulty in swallowing den weight loss.<ref name="Ferri2012">{{Cite book |title=Ferri's clinical advisor 2013 |date=2012 |publisher=Mosby (Elsevier) |isbn=978-0-323-08373-7 |veditors=Ferri FF |location=Philadelphia, PA |pages=389–391 |chapter=Tumors |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OR3VERnvzzEC&pg=PA391 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150919023405/https://books.google.com/books?id=OR3VERnvzzEC&pg=PA391 |archive-date=2015-09-19 |url-status=live}}</ref> Oda symptoms fi include pain wen swallowing, a hoarse voice, enlarged lymph nodes ("glands") around de collarbone, a dry cough, den possibly coughing up anaa vomiting blood.<ref name="Ferri2012" /> De two main sub-types of de disease be esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma (dem often abbreviate to ESCC),<ref>Even by those wey dey use de British English spelling "oesophagus"</ref> wich be more common insyd de developing world, den esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), wich be more common insyd de developed world.<ref name=WCR2014>{{cite book| vauthors = Montgomery EA, Basman FT, Brennan P, Malekzadeh R | title=World Cancer Report 2014| date=2014| veditors = Stewart BW, Wild CP | publisher=World Health Organization| isbn=978-92-832-0429-9 | chapter=Oesophageal Cancer | pages=528–543 }}</ref> A number of less common types sanso dey occur.<ref name=WCR2014/> Squamous-cell carcinoma dey arise from de epithelial cells wey dey line de esophagus.<ref>{{cite book| vauthors = Kelsen D |title=Gastrointestinal oncology: principles and practices|date=2007|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|location=Philadelphia, Pa.|isbn=978-0-7817-7617-2|page=4|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5ULRpwtyxxMC&pg=PA4|edition=2nd|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925153342/https://books.google.com/books?id=5ULRpwtyxxMC&pg=PA4|archive-date=2015-09-25}}</ref> Adenocarcinoma dey arise from glandular cells present insyd de lower third of de esophagus, often wer dem already transform to intestinal cell type (a condition dem know as Barrett's esophagus).<ref name=WCR2014/><ref>{{cite book|veditors = Schottenfeld D, Fraumeni J|title=Cancer epidemiology and prevention|date=2006|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|isbn=978-0-19-974797-9|page=697|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qfN8Y1_lbDYC&pg=PA697|edition=3rd|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151031153057/https://books.google.com/books?id=qfN8Y1_lbDYC&pg=PA697|archive-date=2015-10-31}}</ref> == References == s4iizj9ejj28vopuyf6nek6fg5w0trx 97285 97284 2026-04-24T22:38:02Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97285 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Esophageal cancer''' (American English) anaa '''oesophageal cancer''' (British English) be [[cancer]] wey dey arise from de esophagus—de food pipe wey dey run between de throat den de stomach.<ref name="WCR2014">{{Cite book |title=World Cancer Report 2014 |vauthors=Montgomery EA, Basman FT, Brennan P, Malekzadeh R |date=2014 |publisher=World Health Organization |isbn=978-92-832-0429-9 |veditors=Stewart BW, Wild CP |pages=528–543 |chapter=Oesophageal Cancer}}</ref> Symptoms often dey include difficulty in swallowing den weight loss.<ref name="Ferri2012">{{Cite book |title=Ferri's clinical advisor 2013 |date=2012 |publisher=Mosby (Elsevier) |isbn=978-0-323-08373-7 |veditors=Ferri FF |location=Philadelphia, PA |pages=389–391 |chapter=Tumors |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OR3VERnvzzEC&pg=PA391 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150919023405/https://books.google.com/books?id=OR3VERnvzzEC&pg=PA391 |archive-date=2015-09-19 |url-status=live}}</ref> Oda symptoms fi include pain wen swallowing, a hoarse voice, enlarged lymph nodes ("glands") around de collarbone, a dry cough, den possibly coughing up anaa vomiting blood.<ref name="Ferri2012" /> De two main sub-types of de disease be esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma (dem often abbreviate to ESCC),<ref>Even by those wey dey use de British English spelling "oesophagus"</ref> wich be more common insyd de developing world, den esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), wich be more common insyd de developed world.<ref name=WCR2014>{{cite book| vauthors = Montgomery EA, Basman FT, Brennan P, Malekzadeh R | title=World Cancer Report 2014| date=2014| veditors = Stewart BW, Wild CP | publisher=World Health Organization| isbn=978-92-832-0429-9 | chapter=Oesophageal Cancer | pages=528–543 }}</ref> A number of less common types sanso dey occur.<ref name=WCR2014/> Squamous-cell carcinoma dey arise from de epithelial cells wey dey line de esophagus.<ref>{{cite book| vauthors = Kelsen D |title=Gastrointestinal oncology: principles and practices|date=2007|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|location=Philadelphia, Pa.|isbn=978-0-7817-7617-2|page=4|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5ULRpwtyxxMC&pg=PA4|edition=2nd|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925153342/https://books.google.com/books?id=5ULRpwtyxxMC&pg=PA4|archive-date=2015-09-25}}</ref> Adenocarcinoma dey arise from glandular cells present insyd de lower third of de esophagus, often wer dem already transform to intestinal cell type (a condition dem know as Barrett's esophagus).<ref name=WCR2014/><ref>{{cite book|veditors = Schottenfeld D, Fraumeni J|title=Cancer epidemiology and prevention|date=2006|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|isbn=978-0-19-974797-9|page=697|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qfN8Y1_lbDYC&pg=PA697|edition=3rd|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151031153057/https://books.google.com/books?id=qfN8Y1_lbDYC&pg=PA697|archive-date=2015-10-31}}</ref> Causes of de squamous-cell type dey include tobacco, alcohol, very hot drinks, poor diet, den chewing betel nut.<ref name=Zhang2012/><ref name="Akhtar-20132">{{cite journal |vauthors=Akhtar S |date=February 2013 |title=Areca nut chewing and esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma risk in Asians: a meta-analysis of case-control studies |journal=Cancer Causes & Control |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=257–265 |doi=10.1007/s10552-012-0113-9 |pmid=23224324 |s2cid=14356684}}</ref> De most common causes of de adenocarcinoma type be smoking tobacco, [[obesity]], den acid reflux.<ref name=Zhang2012>{{cite journal | vauthors = Zhang HZ, Jin GF, Shen HB | title = Epidemiologic differences in esophageal cancer between Asian and Western populations | journal = Chinese Journal of Cancer | volume = 31 | issue = 6 | pages = 281–286 | date = June 2012 | pmid = 22507220 | pmc = 3777490 | doi = 10.5732/cjc.011.10390 }}</ref> In addition, for patients plus achalasia, candidiasis (overgrowth of de esophagus plus de fungus candida) be de most important risk factor.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Guo X, Lam SY, Janmaat VT, de Jonge PJ, Hansen BE, Leeuwenburgh I, Peppelenbosch MP, Spaander MC, Fuhler GM| title = Esophageal Candida Infection and Esophageal Cancer Risk in Patients With Achalasia. | journal = JAMA Netw Open | volume = 8 | issue = 1 | pages = e2454685 | date = January 2025 | pmid = 39808429 | pmc = 11733698 | doi = 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.54685 | doi-access = free}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == 5msl85qg1b7dt3uxxmkofh4b1hm1xti 97286 97285 2026-04-24T22:51:22Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97286 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Esophageal cancer''' (American English) anaa '''oesophageal cancer''' (British English) be [[cancer]] wey dey arise from de esophagus—de food pipe wey dey run between de throat den de stomach.<ref name="WCR2014">{{Cite book |title=World Cancer Report 2014 |vauthors=Montgomery EA, Basman FT, Brennan P, Malekzadeh R |date=2014 |publisher=World Health Organization |isbn=978-92-832-0429-9 |veditors=Stewart BW, Wild CP |pages=528–543 |chapter=Oesophageal Cancer}}</ref> Symptoms often dey include difficulty in swallowing den weight loss.<ref name="Ferri2012">{{Cite book |title=Ferri's clinical advisor 2013 |date=2012 |publisher=Mosby (Elsevier) |isbn=978-0-323-08373-7 |veditors=Ferri FF |location=Philadelphia, PA |pages=389–391 |chapter=Tumors |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OR3VERnvzzEC&pg=PA391 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150919023405/https://books.google.com/books?id=OR3VERnvzzEC&pg=PA391 |archive-date=2015-09-19 |url-status=live}}</ref> Oda symptoms fi include pain wen swallowing, a hoarse voice, enlarged lymph nodes ("glands") around de collarbone, a dry cough, den possibly coughing up anaa vomiting blood.<ref name="Ferri2012" /> De two main sub-types of de disease be esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma (dem often abbreviate to ESCC),<ref>Even by those wey dey use de British English spelling "oesophagus"</ref> wich be more common insyd de developing world, den esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), wich be more common insyd de developed world.<ref name=WCR2014>{{cite book| vauthors = Montgomery EA, Basman FT, Brennan P, Malekzadeh R | title=World Cancer Report 2014| date=2014| veditors = Stewart BW, Wild CP | publisher=World Health Organization| isbn=978-92-832-0429-9 | chapter=Oesophageal Cancer | pages=528–543 }}</ref> A number of less common types sanso dey occur.<ref name=WCR2014/> Squamous-cell carcinoma dey arise from de epithelial cells wey dey line de esophagus.<ref>{{cite book| vauthors = Kelsen D |title=Gastrointestinal oncology: principles and practices|date=2007|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|location=Philadelphia, Pa.|isbn=978-0-7817-7617-2|page=4|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5ULRpwtyxxMC&pg=PA4|edition=2nd|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925153342/https://books.google.com/books?id=5ULRpwtyxxMC&pg=PA4|archive-date=2015-09-25}}</ref> Adenocarcinoma dey arise from glandular cells present insyd de lower third of de esophagus, often wer dem already transform to intestinal cell type (a condition dem know as Barrett's esophagus).<ref name=WCR2014/><ref>{{cite book|veditors = Schottenfeld D, Fraumeni J|title=Cancer epidemiology and prevention|date=2006|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|isbn=978-0-19-974797-9|page=697|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qfN8Y1_lbDYC&pg=PA697|edition=3rd|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151031153057/https://books.google.com/books?id=qfN8Y1_lbDYC&pg=PA697|archive-date=2015-10-31}}</ref> Causes of de squamous-cell type dey include tobacco, alcohol, very hot drinks, poor diet, den chewing betel nut.<ref name=Zhang2012/><ref name="Akhtar-20132">{{cite journal |vauthors=Akhtar S |date=February 2013 |title=Areca nut chewing and esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma risk in Asians: a meta-analysis of case-control studies |journal=Cancer Causes & Control |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=257–265 |doi=10.1007/s10552-012-0113-9 |pmid=23224324 |s2cid=14356684}}</ref> De most common causes of de adenocarcinoma type be smoking tobacco, [[obesity]], den acid reflux.<ref name=Zhang2012>{{cite journal | vauthors = Zhang HZ, Jin GF, Shen HB | title = Epidemiologic differences in esophageal cancer between Asian and Western populations | journal = Chinese Journal of Cancer | volume = 31 | issue = 6 | pages = 281–286 | date = June 2012 | pmid = 22507220 | pmc = 3777490 | doi = 10.5732/cjc.011.10390 }}</ref> In addition, for patients plus achalasia, candidiasis (overgrowth of de esophagus plus de fungus candida) be de most important risk factor.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Guo X, Lam SY, Janmaat VT, de Jonge PJ, Hansen BE, Leeuwenburgh I, Peppelenbosch MP, Spaander MC, Fuhler GM| title = Esophageal Candida Infection and Esophageal Cancer Risk in Patients With Achalasia. | journal = JAMA Netw Open | volume = 8 | issue = 1 | pages = e2454685 | date = January 2025 | pmid = 39808429 | pmc = 11733698 | doi = 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.54685 | doi-access = free}}</ref> De disease be diagnosed by biopsy dem do by an endoscope (a fiberoptic camera).<ref name=Sta2013>{{cite journal | vauthors = Stahl M, Mariette C, Haustermans K, Cervantes A, Arnold D | title = Oesophageal cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up | journal = Annals of Oncology | volume = 24 | issue = Suppl 6 | pages = vi51–vi56 | date = October 2013 | pmid = 24078662 | doi = 10.1093/annonc/mdt342 | doi-access = }}</ref> Prevention dey include make dem shun dey smoke den make dem dey chop a healthy diet.<ref name=Ferri2012/><ref name=WCR2014/> Treatment be based on de cancer's stage den location, togeda plus de person ein general condition den individual preferences.<ref name=Sta2013/> Small localized squamous-cell cancers fi be treated plus surgery alone plus de hope of a cure.<ref name=Sta2013/> Insyd chaw oda cases, chemotherapy plus anaa widout radiation therapy be used along plus surgery.<ref name=Sta2013/> Larger tumors fi get dema growth slowed plus chemotherapy den radiation therapy.<ref name=WCR2014/> Insyd de presence of extensive disease anaa if de affected person no be fit enough to undergo surgery, palliative care often be recommended.<ref name=Sta2013/> == References == <references /> == External links == sds1i4pbr0hnlj2lqpx36fe0oiqwxrg 97287 97286 2026-04-24T22:55:06Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97287 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Esophageal cancer''' (American English) anaa '''oesophageal cancer''' (British English) be [[cancer]] wey dey arise from de esophagus—de food pipe wey dey run between de throat den de stomach.<ref name="WCR2014">{{Cite book |title=World Cancer Report 2014 |vauthors=Montgomery EA, Basman FT, Brennan P, Malekzadeh R |date=2014 |publisher=World Health Organization |isbn=978-92-832-0429-9 |veditors=Stewart BW, Wild CP |pages=528–543 |chapter=Oesophageal Cancer}}</ref> Symptoms often dey include difficulty in swallowing den weight loss.<ref name="Ferri2012">{{Cite book |title=Ferri's clinical advisor 2013 |date=2012 |publisher=Mosby (Elsevier) |isbn=978-0-323-08373-7 |veditors=Ferri FF |location=Philadelphia, PA |pages=389–391 |chapter=Tumors |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OR3VERnvzzEC&pg=PA391 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150919023405/https://books.google.com/books?id=OR3VERnvzzEC&pg=PA391 |archive-date=2015-09-19 |url-status=live}}</ref> Oda symptoms fi include pain wen swallowing, a hoarse voice, enlarged lymph nodes ("glands") around de collarbone, a dry cough, den possibly coughing up anaa vomiting blood.<ref name="Ferri2012" /> De two main sub-types of de disease be esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma (dem often abbreviate to ESCC),<ref>Even by those wey dey use de British English spelling "oesophagus"</ref> wich be more common insyd de developing world, den esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), wich be more common insyd de developed world.<ref name=WCR2014>{{cite book| vauthors = Montgomery EA, Basman FT, Brennan P, Malekzadeh R | title=World Cancer Report 2014| date=2014| veditors = Stewart BW, Wild CP | publisher=World Health Organization| isbn=978-92-832-0429-9 | chapter=Oesophageal Cancer | pages=528–543 }}</ref> A number of less common types sanso dey occur.<ref name=WCR2014/> Squamous-cell carcinoma dey arise from de epithelial cells wey dey line de esophagus.<ref>{{cite book| vauthors = Kelsen D |title=Gastrointestinal oncology: principles and practices|date=2007|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|location=Philadelphia, Pa.|isbn=978-0-7817-7617-2|page=4|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5ULRpwtyxxMC&pg=PA4|edition=2nd|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925153342/https://books.google.com/books?id=5ULRpwtyxxMC&pg=PA4|archive-date=2015-09-25}}</ref> Adenocarcinoma dey arise from glandular cells present insyd de lower third of de esophagus, often wer dem already transform to intestinal cell type (a condition dem know as Barrett's esophagus).<ref name=WCR2014/><ref>{{cite book|veditors = Schottenfeld D, Fraumeni J|title=Cancer epidemiology and prevention|date=2006|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|isbn=978-0-19-974797-9|page=697|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qfN8Y1_lbDYC&pg=PA697|edition=3rd|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151031153057/https://books.google.com/books?id=qfN8Y1_lbDYC&pg=PA697|archive-date=2015-10-31}}</ref> Causes of de squamous-cell type dey include tobacco, alcohol, very hot drinks, poor diet, den chewing betel nut.<ref name=Zhang2012/><ref name="Akhtar-20132">{{cite journal |vauthors=Akhtar S |date=February 2013 |title=Areca nut chewing and esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma risk in Asians: a meta-analysis of case-control studies |journal=Cancer Causes & Control |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=257–265 |doi=10.1007/s10552-012-0113-9 |pmid=23224324 |s2cid=14356684}}</ref> De most common causes of de adenocarcinoma type be smoking tobacco, [[obesity]], den acid reflux.<ref name=Zhang2012>{{cite journal | vauthors = Zhang HZ, Jin GF, Shen HB | title = Epidemiologic differences in esophageal cancer between Asian and Western populations | journal = Chinese Journal of Cancer | volume = 31 | issue = 6 | pages = 281–286 | date = June 2012 | pmid = 22507220 | pmc = 3777490 | doi = 10.5732/cjc.011.10390 }}</ref> In addition, for patients plus achalasia, candidiasis (overgrowth of de esophagus plus de fungus candida) be de most important risk factor.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Guo X, Lam SY, Janmaat VT, de Jonge PJ, Hansen BE, Leeuwenburgh I, Peppelenbosch MP, Spaander MC, Fuhler GM| title = Esophageal Candida Infection and Esophageal Cancer Risk in Patients With Achalasia. | journal = JAMA Netw Open | volume = 8 | issue = 1 | pages = e2454685 | date = January 2025 | pmid = 39808429 | pmc = 11733698 | doi = 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.54685 | doi-access = free}}</ref> De disease be diagnosed by biopsy dem do by an endoscope (a fiberoptic camera).<ref name=Sta2013>{{cite journal | vauthors = Stahl M, Mariette C, Haustermans K, Cervantes A, Arnold D | title = Oesophageal cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up | journal = Annals of Oncology | volume = 24 | issue = Suppl 6 | pages = vi51–vi56 | date = October 2013 | pmid = 24078662 | doi = 10.1093/annonc/mdt342 | doi-access = }}</ref> Prevention dey include make dem shun dey smoke den make dem dey chop a healthy diet.<ref name="WCR2014" /><ref name=Ferri2012/> Treatment be based on de cancer's stage den location, togeda plus de person ein general condition den individual preferences.<ref name=Sta2013/> Small localized squamous-cell cancers fi be treated plus surgery alone plus de hope of a cure.<ref name=Sta2013/> Insyd chaw oda cases, chemotherapy plus anaa widout radiation therapy be used along plus surgery.<ref name=Sta2013/> Larger tumors fi get dema growth slowed plus chemotherapy den radiation therapy.<ref name=WCR2014/> Insyd de presence of extensive disease anaa if de affected person no be fit enough to undergo surgery, palliative care often be recommended.<ref name=Sta2013/> As of 2018, na esophageal cancer be de eighth-most common cancer globally plus 572,000 new cases during de year. E cause about 509,000 deaths dat year, up from 345,000 insyd 1990.<ref name = global2018>{{cite web |title=Esophageal Cancer Factsheet |url=http://gco.iarc.fr/today/data/factsheets/cancers/6-Oesophagus-fact-sheet.pdf |website=Global Cancer Observatory |access-date=8 November 2019}}</ref><ref name=Loz2012>{{cite journal | vauthors = Lozano R, Naghavi M, Foreman K, Lim S, Shibuya K, Aboyans V, Abraham J, Adair T, Aggarwal R, Ahn SY, Alvarado M, Anderson HR, Anderson LM, Andrews KG, Atkinson C, Baddour LM, Barker-Collo S, Bartels DH, Bell ML, Benjamin EJ, Bennett D, Bhalla K, Bikbov B, Bin Abdulhak A, Birbeck G, Blyth F, Bolliger I, Boufous S, Bucello C, Burch M, Burney P, Carapetis J, Chen H, Chou D, Chugh SS, Coffeng LE, Colan SD, Colquhoun S, Colson KE, Condon J, Connor MD, Cooper LT, Corriere M, Cortinovis M, de Vaccaro KC, Couser W, Cowie BC, Criqui MH, Cross M, Dabhadkar KC, Dahodwala N, De Leo D, Degenhardt L, Delossantos A, Denenberg J, Des Jarlais DC, Dharmaratne SD, Dorsey ER, Driscoll T, Duber H, Ebel B, Erwin PJ, Espindola P, Ezzati M, Feigin V, Flaxman AD, Forouzanfar MH, Fowkes FG, Franklin R, Fransen M, Freeman MK, Gabriel SE, Gakidou E, Gaspari F, Gillum RF, Gonzalez-Medina D, Halasa YA, Haring D, Harrison JE, Havmoeller R, Hay RJ, Hoen B, Hotez PJ, Hoy D, Jacobsen KH, James SL, Jasrasaria R, Jayaraman S, Johns N, Karthikeyan G, Kassebaum N, Keren A, Khoo JP, Knowlton LM, Kobusingye O, Koranteng A, Krishnamurthi R, Lipnick M, Lipshultz SE, Ohno SL, Mabweijano J, MacIntyre MF, Mallinger L, March L, Marks GB, Marks R, Matsumori A, Matzopoulos R, Mayosi BM, McAnulty JH, McDermott MM, McGrath J, Mensah GA, Merriman TR, Michaud C, Miller M, Miller TR, Mock C, Mocumbi AO, Mokdad AA, Moran A, Mulholland K, Nair MN, Naldi L, Narayan KM, Nasseri K, Norman P, O'Donnell M, Omer SB, Ortblad K, Osborne R, Ozgediz D, Pahari B, Pandian JD, Rivero AP, Padilla RP, Perez-Ruiz F, Perico N, Phillips D, Pierce K, Pope CA, Porrini E, Pourmalek F, Raju M, Ranganathan D, Rehm JT, Rein DB, Remuzzi G, Rivara FP, Roberts T, De León FR, Rosenfeld LC, Rushton L, Sacco RL, Salomon JA, Sampson U, Sanman E, Schwebel DC, Segui-Gomez M, Shepard DS, Singh D, Singleton J, Sliwa K, Smith E, Steer A, Taylor JA, Thomas B, Tleyjeh IM, Towbin JA, Truelsen T, Undurraga EA, Venketasubramanian N, Vijayakumar L, Vos T, Wagner GR, Wang M, Wang W, Watt K, Weinstock MA, Weintraub R, Wilkinson JD, Woolf AD, Wulf S, Yeh PH, Yip P, Zabetian A, Zheng ZJ, Lopez AD, Murray CJ, AlMazroa MA, Memish ZA | display-authors = 6 | title = Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 | journal = Lancet | volume = 380 | issue = 9859 | pages = 2095–2128 | date = December 2012 | pmid = 23245604 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61728-0 | pmc = 10790329 | hdl-access = free | s2cid = 1541253 | hdl = 10536/DRO/DU:30050819 | url = https://zenodo.org/record/2557786 }}</ref> Rates dey vary widely among countries, wey about half of all cases dey occur insyd [[China]].<ref name=WCR2014/> E be around three times more common insyd men dan insyd women.<ref name=WCR2014/> Outcomes be related to de extent of de disease den oda medical conditions, buh generally tend to be fairly poor, as diagnosis often be late.<ref name=WCR2014/><ref name=Enzinger>{{cite journal | vauthors = Enzinger PC, Mayer RJ | title = Esophageal cancer | journal = The New England Journal of Medicine | volume = 349 | issue = 23 | pages = 2241–2252 | date = December 2003 | pmid = 14657432 | doi = 10.1056/NEJMra035010 | url = http://gastro.ucsd.edu/fellowship/materials/Documents/Esophageal%20Cancer/NEJM%202003%20Esophageal%20CA%20.pdf | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140714162737/http://gastro.ucsd.edu/fellowship/materials/Documents/Esophageal%20Cancer/NEJM%202003%20Esophageal%20CA%20.pdf | archive-date = 2014-07-14 }}</ref> Five-year survival rates be around 13% to 18%.<ref name=Ferri2012>{{cite book | veditors = Ferri FF |chapter= Tumors |title= Ferri's clinical advisor 2013 |date=2012 |publisher= Mosby (Elsevier) |location= Philadelphia, PA |isbn= 978-0-323-08373-7 |pages= 389–391 |chapter-url= https://books.google.com/books?id=OR3VERnvzzEC&pg=PA391 |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150919023405/https://books.google.com/books?id=OR3VERnvzzEC&pg=PA391 |archive-date= 2015-09-19 }}</ref><ref name=SEER2014>{{cite web|title=SEER Stat Fact Sheets: Esophageal Cancer|url=http://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/esoph.html|website=National Cancer Institute|access-date=18 June 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140706140744/http://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/esoph.html|archive-date=6 July 2014}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == 8xy2sont0x7hxdkfui2a529wt4o5itw 97288 97287 2026-04-24T22:58:25Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97288 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Esophageal cancer''' (American English) anaa '''oesophageal cancer''' (British English) be [[cancer]] wey dey arise from de esophagus—de food pipe wey dey run between de throat den de stomach.<ref name="WCR2014">{{Cite book |title=World Cancer Report 2014 |vauthors=Montgomery EA, Basman FT, Brennan P, Malekzadeh R |date=2014 |publisher=World Health Organization |isbn=978-92-832-0429-9 |veditors=Stewart BW, Wild CP |pages=528–543 |chapter=Oesophageal Cancer}}</ref> Symptoms often dey include difficulty in swallowing den weight loss.<ref name="Ferri2012">{{Cite book |title=Ferri's clinical advisor 2013 |date=2012 |publisher=Mosby (Elsevier) |isbn=978-0-323-08373-7 |veditors=Ferri FF |location=Philadelphia, PA |pages=389–391 |chapter=Tumors |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OR3VERnvzzEC&pg=PA391 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150919023405/https://books.google.com/books?id=OR3VERnvzzEC&pg=PA391 |archive-date=2015-09-19 |url-status=live}}</ref> Oda symptoms fi include pain wen swallowing, a hoarse voice, enlarged lymph nodes ("glands") around de collarbone, a dry cough, den possibly coughing up anaa vomiting blood.<ref name="Ferri2012" /> De two main sub-types of de disease be esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma (dem often abbreviate to ESCC),<ref>Even by those wey dey use de British English spelling "oesophagus"</ref> wich be more common insyd de developing world, den esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), wich be more common insyd de developed world.<ref name=WCR2014>{{cite book| vauthors = Montgomery EA, Basman FT, Brennan P, Malekzadeh R | title=World Cancer Report 2014| date=2014| veditors = Stewart BW, Wild CP | publisher=World Health Organization| isbn=978-92-832-0429-9 | chapter=Oesophageal Cancer | pages=528–543 }}</ref> A number of less common types sanso dey occur.<ref name=WCR2014/> Squamous-cell carcinoma dey arise from de epithelial cells wey dey line de esophagus.<ref>{{cite book| vauthors = Kelsen D |title=Gastrointestinal oncology: principles and practices|date=2007|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|location=Philadelphia, Pa.|isbn=978-0-7817-7617-2|page=4|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5ULRpwtyxxMC&pg=PA4|edition=2nd|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925153342/https://books.google.com/books?id=5ULRpwtyxxMC&pg=PA4|archive-date=2015-09-25}}</ref> Adenocarcinoma dey arise from glandular cells present insyd de lower third of de esophagus, often wer dem already transform to intestinal cell type (a condition dem know as Barrett's esophagus).<ref name=WCR2014/><ref>{{cite book|veditors = Schottenfeld D, Fraumeni J|title=Cancer epidemiology and prevention|date=2006|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|isbn=978-0-19-974797-9|page=697|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qfN8Y1_lbDYC&pg=PA697|edition=3rd|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151031153057/https://books.google.com/books?id=qfN8Y1_lbDYC&pg=PA697|archive-date=2015-10-31}}</ref> Causes of de squamous-cell type dey include tobacco, alcohol, very hot drinks, poor diet, den chewing betel nut.<ref name=Zhang2012/><ref name="Akhtar-20132">{{cite journal |vauthors=Akhtar S |date=February 2013 |title=Areca nut chewing and esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma risk in Asians: a meta-analysis of case-control studies |journal=Cancer Causes & Control |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=257–265 |doi=10.1007/s10552-012-0113-9 |pmid=23224324 |s2cid=14356684}}</ref> De most common causes of de adenocarcinoma type be smoking tobacco, [[obesity]], den acid reflux.<ref name=Zhang2012>{{cite journal | vauthors = Zhang HZ, Jin GF, Shen HB | title = Epidemiologic differences in esophageal cancer between Asian and Western populations | journal = Chinese Journal of Cancer | volume = 31 | issue = 6 | pages = 281–286 | date = June 2012 | pmid = 22507220 | pmc = 3777490 | doi = 10.5732/cjc.011.10390 }}</ref> In addition, for patients plus achalasia, candidiasis (overgrowth of de esophagus plus de fungus candida) be de most important risk factor.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Guo X, Lam SY, Janmaat VT, de Jonge PJ, Hansen BE, Leeuwenburgh I, Peppelenbosch MP, Spaander MC, Fuhler GM| title = Esophageal Candida Infection and Esophageal Cancer Risk in Patients With Achalasia. | journal = JAMA Netw Open | volume = 8 | issue = 1 | pages = e2454685 | date = January 2025 | pmid = 39808429 | pmc = 11733698 | doi = 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.54685 | doi-access = free}}</ref> De disease be diagnosed by biopsy dem do by an endoscope (a fiberoptic camera).<ref name=Sta2013>{{cite journal | vauthors = Stahl M, Mariette C, Haustermans K, Cervantes A, Arnold D | title = Oesophageal cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up | journal = Annals of Oncology | volume = 24 | issue = Suppl 6 | pages = vi51–vi56 | date = October 2013 | pmid = 24078662 | doi = 10.1093/annonc/mdt342 | doi-access = }}</ref> Prevention dey include make dem shun dey smoke den make dem dey chop a healthy diet.<ref name="WCR2014" /><ref name=Ferri2012/> Treatment be based on de cancer's stage den location, togeda plus de person ein general condition den individual preferences.<ref name=Sta2013/> Small localized squamous-cell cancers fi be treated plus surgery alone plus de hope of a cure.<ref name=Sta2013/> Insyd chaw oda cases, chemotherapy plus anaa widout radiation therapy be used along plus surgery.<ref name=Sta2013/> Larger tumors fi get dema growth slowed plus chemotherapy den radiation therapy.<ref name=WCR2014/> Insyd de presence of extensive disease anaa if de affected person no be fit enough to undergo surgery, palliative care often be recommended.<ref name=Sta2013/> As of 2018, na esophageal cancer be de eighth-most common cancer globally plus 572,000 new cases during de year. E cause about 509,000 deaths dat year, up from 345,000 insyd 1990.<ref name = global2018>{{cite web |title=Esophageal Cancer Factsheet |url=http://gco.iarc.fr/today/data/factsheets/cancers/6-Oesophagus-fact-sheet.pdf |website=Global Cancer Observatory |access-date=8 November 2019}}</ref><ref name=Loz2012>{{cite journal | vauthors = Lozano R, Naghavi M, Foreman K, Lim S, Shibuya K, Aboyans V, Abraham J, Adair T, Aggarwal R, Ahn SY, Alvarado M, Anderson HR, Anderson LM, Andrews KG, Atkinson C, Baddour LM, Barker-Collo S, Bartels DH, Bell ML, Benjamin EJ, Bennett D, Bhalla K, Bikbov B, Bin Abdulhak A, Birbeck G, Blyth F, Bolliger I, Boufous S, Bucello C, Burch M, Burney P, Carapetis J, Chen H, Chou D, Chugh SS, Coffeng LE, Colan SD, Colquhoun S, Colson KE, Condon J, Connor MD, Cooper LT, Corriere M, Cortinovis M, de Vaccaro KC, Couser W, Cowie BC, Criqui MH, Cross M, Dabhadkar KC, Dahodwala N, De Leo D, Degenhardt L, Delossantos A, Denenberg J, Des Jarlais DC, Dharmaratne SD, Dorsey ER, Driscoll T, Duber H, Ebel B, Erwin PJ, Espindola P, Ezzati M, Feigin V, Flaxman AD, Forouzanfar MH, Fowkes FG, Franklin R, Fransen M, Freeman MK, Gabriel SE, Gakidou E, Gaspari F, Gillum RF, Gonzalez-Medina D, Halasa YA, Haring D, Harrison JE, Havmoeller R, Hay RJ, Hoen B, Hotez PJ, Hoy D, Jacobsen KH, James SL, Jasrasaria R, Jayaraman S, Johns N, Karthikeyan G, Kassebaum N, Keren A, Khoo JP, Knowlton LM, Kobusingye O, Koranteng A, Krishnamurthi R, Lipnick M, Lipshultz SE, Ohno SL, Mabweijano J, MacIntyre MF, Mallinger L, March L, Marks GB, Marks R, Matsumori A, Matzopoulos R, Mayosi BM, McAnulty JH, McDermott MM, McGrath J, Mensah GA, Merriman TR, Michaud C, Miller M, Miller TR, Mock C, Mocumbi AO, Mokdad AA, Moran A, Mulholland K, Nair MN, Naldi L, Narayan KM, Nasseri K, Norman P, O'Donnell M, Omer SB, Ortblad K, Osborne R, Ozgediz D, Pahari B, Pandian JD, Rivero AP, Padilla RP, Perez-Ruiz F, Perico N, Phillips D, Pierce K, Pope CA, Porrini E, Pourmalek F, Raju M, Ranganathan D, Rehm JT, Rein DB, Remuzzi G, Rivara FP, Roberts T, De León FR, Rosenfeld LC, Rushton L, Sacco RL, Salomon JA, Sampson U, Sanman E, Schwebel DC, Segui-Gomez M, Shepard DS, Singh D, Singleton J, Sliwa K, Smith E, Steer A, Taylor JA, Thomas B, Tleyjeh IM, Towbin JA, Truelsen T, Undurraga EA, Venketasubramanian N, Vijayakumar L, Vos T, Wagner GR, Wang M, Wang W, Watt K, Weinstock MA, Weintraub R, Wilkinson JD, Woolf AD, Wulf S, Yeh PH, Yip P, Zabetian A, Zheng ZJ, Lopez AD, Murray CJ, AlMazroa MA, Memish ZA | display-authors = 6 | title = Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 | journal = Lancet | volume = 380 | issue = 9859 | pages = 2095–2128 | date = December 2012 | pmid = 23245604 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61728-0 | pmc = 10790329 | hdl-access = free | s2cid = 1541253 | hdl = 10536/DRO/DU:30050819 | url = https://zenodo.org/record/2557786 }}</ref> Rates dey vary widely among countries, wey about half of all cases dey occur insyd [[China]].<ref name=WCR2014/> E be around three times more common insyd men dan insyd women.<ref name=WCR2014/> Outcomes be related to de extent of de disease den oda medical conditions, buh generally tend to be fairly poor, as diagnosis often be late.<ref name=WCR2014/><ref name=Enzinger>{{cite journal | vauthors = Enzinger PC, Mayer RJ | title = Esophageal cancer | journal = The New England Journal of Medicine | volume = 349 | issue = 23 | pages = 2241–2252 | date = December 2003 | pmid = 14657432 | doi = 10.1056/NEJMra035010 | url = http://gastro.ucsd.edu/fellowship/materials/Documents/Esophageal%20Cancer/NEJM%202003%20Esophageal%20CA%20.pdf | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140714162737/http://gastro.ucsd.edu/fellowship/materials/Documents/Esophageal%20Cancer/NEJM%202003%20Esophageal%20CA%20.pdf | archive-date = 2014-07-14 }}</ref> Five-year survival rates be around 13% to 18%.<ref name=Ferri2012>{{cite book | veditors = Ferri FF |chapter= Tumors |title= Ferri's clinical advisor 2013 |date=2012 |publisher= Mosby (Elsevier) |location= Philadelphia, PA |isbn= 978-0-323-08373-7 |pages= 389–391 |chapter-url= https://books.google.com/books?id=OR3VERnvzzEC&pg=PA391 |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150919023405/https://books.google.com/books?id=OR3VERnvzzEC&pg=PA391 |archive-date= 2015-09-19 }}</ref><ref name=SEER2014>{{cite web|title=SEER Stat Fact Sheets: Esophageal Cancer|url=http://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/esoph.html|website=National Cancer Institute|access-date=18 June 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140706140744/http://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/esoph.html|archive-date=6 July 2014}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * [http://cancer.gov/cancerinfo/types/esophageal NCI esophageal cancer] * [http://www.cancer.net/cancer-types/esophageal-cancer Cancer.Net: Esophageal Cancer] * [http://www.cancernetwork.com/cancer-management-11/chapter12/article/10165/1405663 Esophageal Cancer] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090712040424/http://www.cancernetwork.com/cancer-management-11/chapter12/article/10165/1405663 |date=2009-07-12 }} From [http://www.cancernetwork.com/cancer-management-11 Cancer Management: A Multidisciplinary Approach] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090515031918/http://www.cancernetwork.com/cancer-management-11 |date=2009-05-15 }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060711040942/http://www.cancerhelp.org.uk/help/default.asp?page=4478 Oesophageal Cancer at Cancer Research UK] * [http://www.nccn.org/patients/guidelines/esophageal/index.html National Comprehensive Cancer Network] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190331174502/https://www.nccn.org/patients/guidelines/esophageal/index.html |date=2019-03-31 }} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Esophageal Cancer}} [[Category:Gastrointestinal cancer]] [[Category:Esophagus disorders]] qtdl0nfl9kjypdwo82x6lxwxewk00s2 14 26594 97289 2026-04-24T22:59:04Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 97289 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 0 26595 97290 2026-04-24T23:09:41Z DaSupremo 9 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345346386|Precordial catch syndrome]]" 97290 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Precordial catch syndrome''' ('''PCS''') be a non-serious condition insyd wich der be sharp stabbing pains insyd de chest. Dese typically get worse plus inhaling den dey occur within a small area. Spells of pain usually dey last less dan a few minutes. Typically e dey begin at rest den oda symptoms be absent. Concerns about de condition fi result in anxiety.<ref name="Gum2003">{{Cite journal |last=Gumbiner CH |date=January 2003 |title=Precordial catch syndrome |journal=Southern Medical Journal |volume=96 |issue=1 |pages=38–41 |doi=10.1097/00007611-200301000-00011 |pmid=12602711}}</ref> hqjpejn29jlhdh39b08cmee5yjs51ag