Wikipedia gpewiki https://gpe.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page MediaWiki 1.46.0-wmf.26 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikipedia Wikipedia talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 21022 97613 78670 2026-05-05T16:19:50Z Kwasi Rex 4961 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1346958797|Mercy Asiedu]]" 97613 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Mercy Asiedu''' (born 9 May 1971)<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2020-07-11 |title=10 photos of Mercy Asiedu that show that age is just a number - Adomonline.com |url=https://www.adomonline.com/10-photos-of-mercy-asiedu-that-show-that-age-is-just-a-number/ |access-date=2026-05-05 |language=en-US}}</ref>Na Ghana veteran actress wey don contribute well well to the growth of the movie industry.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite book |last=Serwaa |first=Adwoa |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aoxhdb8wd50C&q=%22Mercy+Asiedu%22+-wikipedia&pg=PA2 |title=Graphic Showbiz: Issue 946 November 20-23, 2014 |date=2014-11-20 |publisher=Graphic Communications Group |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Dadson |first=Nanabanyin |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lxJeAxMYWlAC&q=%22Mercy+Asiedu%22+-wikipedia&pg=PA7 |title=Graphic Showbiz: Issue 656 January 6-12 2011 |date=2011-01-06 |publisher=Graphic Communications Group |language=en}}</ref> She be known for the role wey she play for ''Concert Party'' and Asoreba. ''.''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Asumadu |date=2016-05-10 |title=Mercy Asiedu celebrates birthday as a Queen |url=https://newsghana.com.gh/kumawood-actress-mercy-asiedu-celebrates-birthday-as-a-queen/ |access-date=2021-04-14 |website=News Ghana |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title= |url=https://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/videos/201911/14718.php}}</ref>She too be one of the popular Kumawood actresses wey star for plenty roles for the 2000s.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mercy Asiedu, Other Kumawood Actors Clash On United Showbiz With Nana Ama McBrown |url=https://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/videos/201911/14718.php |access-date=2021-04-14 |website=Peacefmonline.com - Ghana news}}</ref> == Career == Before she enter acting, Mercy Asiedu dey work as seamstress.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title= |url=https://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/videos/201911/14718.php}}</ref> Na her godfather, Apostle Kwadwo Sarfo, help am enter the acting world. She start first with one small entertainment group, dey perform for church people, especially during conventions. She talk say, "i dey perform for church conventions before." The 50-year-old actress dey always give credit to Apostle Kwadwo Sarfo for say na he see her talent first and push am plus her colleagues make dem follow acting. She tell Becky say Apostle Sarfo call her, Agya Koo, and Akrobeto make dem join the concert party crews, since dem already dey do similar things. She talk say "My godfather support we by write one story to help we grow for acting, he tell we say one day e go really help we." Mercy Asiedu her Career come blow well well as she go on star for plenty films like Obaakofou, Sumsum, Aware, Kakra Yebedie, Agya Koo Trotro, Ghana Yonko, Emma Dodo Kunu, Divine Prayer, Obi Yaa, sama Te Fie, and Old Soldier. Her role for the film Asoreba really boost her fame reach worldwide audience. She talk say, "Since then, I don act for plenty plenty movies. Asoreba open me to bigger audience, and e be one of my favourite films, plus I Know My Right. I dey proud of when i achieve all these years," she talk for JoyNews. Mercy Asiedu wey dem born on May 9, 1971, be veteran Ghanaian actress wey don contribute plenty to the movie industry. She blow for her roles for the 1990s Ghana Stage drama Concert Party, and later she become one of the top kumawood actresses for the 2000s. People know am say she dey act different different roles well, and sometimes she dey take controversial roles too. Her acting journey start when she be teenager, as part of the Kristo Asafo Concert Party group.<ref name=":1" /> She be known for the controversial roles wey she dey play for movies.<ref>{{Cite web |title= |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Mercy-Asiedu-welcomes-first-child-with-husband-after-3-years-of-marriage-1091851}}</ref> She don act for plenty Kumawood movies, those movies wey dem dey produce for kumasi in the local Akan Language, Twi.<ref>{{Cite web |title= |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Kumkum-Bhagya-not-a-threat-to-Kumawood-Mercy-Asiedu-454694}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title= |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Lilwin-Mercy-Asiedu-and-others-star-in-new-movie-Yi-Wani-448669}}</ref> She don act together with stars like Agya Koo, Lil Win, Kwaku Manu, and Aboagye Brenya, plus plenty others.<ref>{{Cite web |title= |url=https://starrfm.com.gh/2021/10/kumawood-actor-agya-brenya-reported-dead/}}</ref> [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:People wey komot Ashanti Region]] [[Category:21st-century Ghanaian actresses]] [[Category:Ghanaian actresses]] [[Category:1971 births]] [[Category:Articles with hCards]] 17rn8d4atcwd06gckdd52et9z7hupqd 0 26698 97594 97593 2026-05-05T12:02:25Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97594 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Adrenaline''', dem sanso know as '''epinephrine''' den alternatively dem spell '''adrenalin''', be a hormone den medication<ref name="Chan_2013">{{cite book | vauthors = Lieberman M, Marks A, Peet A | title=Marks' Basic Medical Biochemistry: A Clinical Approach | date = 2013 | publisher = Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins | location = Philadelphia | isbn = 978-1-60831-572-7 | page = 175 | edition = 4th | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=3FNYdShrCwIC&pg=PA175 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=479|title=Adrenaline|date=21 August 2015 }}</ref> wich be involved insyd regulating visceral functions (e.g., respiration).<ref name="Chan_2013" /><ref name="NHM Epinephrine">{{cite book |vauthors=Malenka RC, Nestler EJ, Hyman SE |veditors=Sydor A, Brown RY | title = Molecular Neuropharmacology: A Foundation for Clinical Neuroscience | year = 2009 | publisher = McGraw-Hill Medical | location = New York, USA | isbn = 978-0-07-148127-4 | page = 157 | edition = 2nd | chapter = Chapter 6: Widely Projecting Systems: Monoamines, Acetylcholine, and Orexin | quote = Epinephrine occurs in only a small number of central neurons, all located in the medulla. Epinephrine is involved in visceral functions, such as the control of respiration. It is also produced by the adrenal medulla.}}</ref> E dey appear as a white microcrystalline granule.<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Larrañaga M |title=Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary |date=2016 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated |location=New Jersey |page=561}}</ref> Adrenaline be normally produced by de adrenal glands den by a small number of neurons insyd de medulla oblongata.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Adrenaline: physiology and pharmacology {{!}} DermNet |url=https://dermnetnz.org/topics/the-physiology-and-pharmacology-of-adrenaline |access-date=2023-03-20 |website=dermnetnz.org}}</ref> E dey play an essential role insyd de fight-or-flight response by increasing blood flow to muscles, heart output by acting on de SA node,<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Brown HF, DiFrancesco D, Noble SJ | title = How does adrenaline accelerate the heart? | journal = Nature | volume = 280 | issue = 5719 | pages = 235–236 | date = July 1979 | pmid = 450140 | doi = 10.1038/280235a0 | s2cid = 4350616 | bibcode = 1979Natur.280..235B }}</ref> pupil dilation response, den blood sugar level.<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Bell DR | title=Medical physiology: principles for clinical medicine|date=2009|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-0-7817-6852-8|page=312|edition=3rd|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tBeAeYS-vRUC&pg=PA312}}</ref><ref name="Khurana_2008" /> E dey do dis by binding to alpha den beta receptors.<ref name="Khurana_2008">{{cite book| vauthors = Khurana I |title=Essentials of Medical Physiology|date=2008|publisher=Elsevier India|isbn=978-81-312-1566-1|page=460|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Cm_kLhU1AP0C&pg=PA460}}</ref> E be found insyd chaw animals, wey dey include humans, den sam single-celled organisms.<ref>{{cite book| vauthors = Buckley E |title=Venomous Animals and Their Venoms: Venomous Vertebrates|date=2013|publisher=Elsevier|isbn=978-1-4832-6288-8|page=478|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3SrLBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA478}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Animal Physiology: Adaptation and Environment|date=1997|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-1-107-26850-0|page=510|edition=5th|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hcw2AAAAQBAJ&pg=PA510}}</ref> E sanso be isolated from de plant ''Scoparia dulcis'' dem find insyd Northern Vietnam.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Phan MG, Phan TS, Matsunami K, Otsuka H | title = Chemical and biological evaluation on scopadulane-type diterpenoids from Scoparia dulcis of Vietnamese origin | journal = Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin | volume = 54 | issue = 4 | pages = 546–549 | date = April 2006 | pmid = 16595962 | doi = 10.1248/cpb.54.546 | doi-access = free }}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q132621|c=Category:Epinephrine|n=no|q=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=adrenaline junkie|species=no}} *{{cite web|url=https://druginfo.nlm.nih.gov/drugportal/dpdirect.jsp?name=Epinephrine|title=U.S. National Library of Medicine: Drug Information Portal – Epinephrine|url-status=live|archive-date=14 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191214212813/https://druginfo.nlm.nih.gov/drugportal/name/Epinephrine}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Adrenaline| ]] [[Category:Anxiety]] [[Category:Articles wey dey contain video clips]] [[Category:Alpha-adrenergic agonists]] [[Category:Beta-adrenergic agonists]] [[Category:Bronchodilators]] [[Category:Carbonic anhydrase activators]] [[Category:Cardiac stimulants]] [[Category:Catecholamines]] [[Category:Hormones of de hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis]] [[Category:Hormones of de suprarenal medulla]] [[Category:Norepinephrine releasing agents]] [[Category:Stress (biology)]] [[Category:Sympathomimetic amines]] [[Category:Chemical substances for emergency medicine]] [[Category:Phenylethanolamines]] [[Category:Human metabolites]] [[Category:Stress hormones]] [[Category:Over-the-counter drugs insyd de United States]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] b8fnegr74f9slh4kcujxhspjrim1vvh 14 26701 97595 2026-05-05T12:03:49Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 97595 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 14 26702 97596 2026-05-05T12:03:59Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 97596 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 14 26703 97597 2026-05-05T12:04:09Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 97597 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 14 26704 97598 2026-05-05T12:04:20Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 97598 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 14 26705 97599 2026-05-05T12:04:30Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 97599 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 14 26706 97600 2026-05-05T12:05:11Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 97600 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 14 26707 97601 2026-05-05T12:05:21Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 97601 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 14 26708 97602 2026-05-05T12:05:31Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 97602 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 0 26709 97603 2026-05-05T12:06:07Z DaSupremo 9 Created by translating the page [[:mdwiki:Special:Redirect/revision/1459190|Basal-cell carcinoma]] to:gpe #mdwikicx 97603 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] r0gf7axtnvt68k0p85plnlehx64o08u 97614 97603 2026-05-05T16:20:55Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97614 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Basal-cell carcinoma''' ('''BCC'''), dem sanso know as '''basal-cell cancer''', '''basalioma''',<ref>{{cite web |title=Basal Cell Carcinoma |url=https://dermnetnz.org/topics/basal-cell-carcinoma |website=dermnetnz.org |date=26 October 2023 |access-date=12 November 2023 |language=en}}</ref> anaa '''rodent ulcer''',<ref>{{cite web |title=Basal Cell Carcinoma (Rodent Ulcer or BCC) |url=https://www.newcastle-hospitals.nhs.uk/services/dermatology/patient-dermatology-information-leaflets/basal-cell-carcinoma-rodent-ulcer-or-bcc/ |website=Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust |access-date=12 November 2023 |date=31 October 2022}}</ref> be de most common type of [[skin cancer]].<ref name="Ga20152">{{cite journal |vauthors=Gandhi SA, Kampp J |date=November 2015 |title=Skin Cancer Epidemiology, Detection, and Management |journal=The Medical Clinics of North America |volume=99 |issue=6 |pages=1323–35 |doi=10.1016/j.mcna.2015.06.002 |pmid=26476255}}</ref> E often dey appear as a painless, raised area of skin, wich fi be shiny plus small blood vessels wey dey run over am.<ref name=NCI2013TxPro/> E fi sanso be present as a raised area plus ulceration.<ref name=NCI2013TxPro>{{cite web |title= Skin Cancer Treatment (PDQ®) |url= http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/skin/HealthProfessional/page1/AllPages |website= NCI|access-date= 30 June 2014 |date= 2013-10-25 |url-status= live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140705234200/http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/skin/HealthProfessional/page1/Alpages |archive-date= 5 July 2014 }}</ref> Basal-cell cancer dey grow slowly wey fi damage de tissue around am, buh e be unlikely to spread to distant areas anaa result in death.<ref name=Cak2012>{{cite journal |vauthors = Cakir BÖ, Adamson P, Cingi C |title = Epidemiology and economic burden of nonmelanoma skin cancer |journal = Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America |volume = 20 |issue = 4 |pages = 419–22 |date = November 2012 |pmid = 23084294 |doi = 10.1016/j.fsc.2012.07.004 }}</ref> == References == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] <references /> == External links == h38j7teuvq0twh866wrwy2nzbn91nm5 97615 97614 2026-05-05T16:29:06Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97615 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Basal-cell carcinoma''' ('''BCC'''), dem sanso know as '''basal-cell cancer''', '''basalioma''',<ref>{{cite web |title=Basal Cell Carcinoma |url=https://dermnetnz.org/topics/basal-cell-carcinoma |website=dermnetnz.org |date=26 October 2023 |access-date=12 November 2023 |language=en}}</ref> anaa '''rodent ulcer''',<ref>{{cite web |title=Basal Cell Carcinoma (Rodent Ulcer or BCC) |url=https://www.newcastle-hospitals.nhs.uk/services/dermatology/patient-dermatology-information-leaflets/basal-cell-carcinoma-rodent-ulcer-or-bcc/ |website=Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust |access-date=12 November 2023 |date=31 October 2022}}</ref> be de most common type of [[skin cancer]].<ref name="Ga20152">{{cite journal |vauthors=Gandhi SA, Kampp J |date=November 2015 |title=Skin Cancer Epidemiology, Detection, and Management |journal=The Medical Clinics of North America |volume=99 |issue=6 |pages=1323–35 |doi=10.1016/j.mcna.2015.06.002 |pmid=26476255}}</ref> E often dey appear as a painless, raised area of skin, wich fi be shiny plus small blood vessels wey dey run over am.<ref name=NCI2013TxPro/> E fi sanso be present as a raised area plus ulceration.<ref name=NCI2013TxPro>{{cite web |title= Skin Cancer Treatment (PDQ®) |url= http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/skin/HealthProfessional/page1/AllPages |website= NCI|access-date= 30 June 2014 |date= 2013-10-25 |url-status= live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140705234200/http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/skin/HealthProfessional/page1/Alpages |archive-date= 5 July 2014 }}</ref> Basal-cell cancer dey grow slowly wey fi damage de tissue around am, buh e be unlikely to spread to distant areas anaa result in death.<ref name=Cak2012>{{cite journal |vauthors = Cakir BÖ, Adamson P, Cingi C |title = Epidemiology and economic burden of nonmelanoma skin cancer |journal = Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America |volume = 20 |issue = 4 |pages = 419–22 |date = November 2012 |pmid = 23084294 |doi = 10.1016/j.fsc.2012.07.004 }}</ref> Risk factors dey include exposure to ultraviolet light (UV), having lighter skin, radiation therapy, long-term exposure to arsenic, den poor immune-system function.<ref name="Ga20152" /> Exposure to UV light during kiddie time particularly be harmful.<ref name=WCR2014>{{cite book |title= World Cancer Report 2014 |date= 2014 |publisher= World Health Organization |isbn= 978-92-832-0429-9 |at= Chapter 5.14}}</ref> Tanning beds cam be anoda common source of ultraviolet radiation.<ref name=UV2010>{{cite journal |vauthors = Gallagher RP, Lee TK, Bajdik CD, Borugian M |title = Ultraviolet radiation |journal = Chronic Diseases in Canada |volume = 29 |pages = 51–68 |date = 2010 |issue = Suppl 1 |doi = 10.24095/hpcdp.29.S1.04 |pmid = 21199599 |quote = The major source of ultraviolet radiation is solar radiation or sunlight. However, exposure to artificial sources, particularly through tanning salons, is becoming more important in terms of human health effects, as use of these facilities by young people, {{sic}} has increased. }}</ref> Whether sunscreen dey affect de risk of basal-cell cancer remain unclear.<ref name=Jou2012>{{cite journal |vauthors = Jou PC, Feldman RJ, Tomecki KJ |title = UV protection and sunscreens: what to tell patients |journal = Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine |volume = 79 |issue = 6 |pages = 427–36 |date = June 2012 |pmid = 22660875 |doi = 10.3949/ccjm.79a.11110 |s2cid = 44457153 |doi-access = free }}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] hh0zik3qdemf5m2sr8mn490uuj8l1mt 97616 97615 2026-05-05T16:33:30Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97616 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Basal-cell carcinoma''' ('''BCC'''), dem sanso know as '''basal-cell cancer''', '''basalioma''',<ref>{{cite web |title=Basal Cell Carcinoma |url=https://dermnetnz.org/topics/basal-cell-carcinoma |website=dermnetnz.org |date=26 October 2023 |access-date=12 November 2023 |language=en}}</ref> anaa '''rodent ulcer''',<ref>{{cite web |title=Basal Cell Carcinoma (Rodent Ulcer or BCC) |url=https://www.newcastle-hospitals.nhs.uk/services/dermatology/patient-dermatology-information-leaflets/basal-cell-carcinoma-rodent-ulcer-or-bcc/ |website=Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust |access-date=12 November 2023 |date=31 October 2022}}</ref> be de most common type of [[skin cancer]].<ref name="Ga20152">{{cite journal |vauthors=Gandhi SA, Kampp J |date=November 2015 |title=Skin Cancer Epidemiology, Detection, and Management |journal=The Medical Clinics of North America |volume=99 |issue=6 |pages=1323–35 |doi=10.1016/j.mcna.2015.06.002 |pmid=26476255}}</ref> E often dey appear as a painless, raised area of skin, wich fi be shiny plus small blood vessels wey dey run over am.<ref name=NCI2013TxPro/> E fi sanso be present as a raised area plus ulceration.<ref name=NCI2013TxPro>{{cite web |title= Skin Cancer Treatment (PDQ®) |url= http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/skin/HealthProfessional/page1/AllPages |website= NCI|access-date= 30 June 2014 |date= 2013-10-25 |url-status= live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140705234200/http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/skin/HealthProfessional/page1/Alpages |archive-date= 5 July 2014 }}</ref> Basal-cell cancer dey grow slowly wey fi damage de tissue around am, buh e be unlikely to spread to distant areas anaa result in death.<ref name=Cak2012>{{cite journal |vauthors = Cakir BÖ, Adamson P, Cingi C |title = Epidemiology and economic burden of nonmelanoma skin cancer |journal = Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America |volume = 20 |issue = 4 |pages = 419–22 |date = November 2012 |pmid = 23084294 |doi = 10.1016/j.fsc.2012.07.004 }}</ref> Risk factors dey include exposure to ultraviolet light (UV), having lighter skin, radiation therapy, long-term exposure to arsenic, den poor immune-system function.<ref name="Ga20152" /> Exposure to UV light during kiddie time particularly be harmful.<ref name=WCR2014>{{cite book |title= World Cancer Report 2014 |date= 2014 |publisher= World Health Organization |isbn= 978-92-832-0429-9 |at= Chapter 5.14}}</ref> Tanning beds cam be anoda common source of ultraviolet radiation.<ref name=UV2010>{{cite journal |vauthors = Gallagher RP, Lee TK, Bajdik CD, Borugian M |title = Ultraviolet radiation |journal = Chronic Diseases in Canada |volume = 29 |pages = 51–68 |date = 2010 |issue = Suppl 1 |doi = 10.24095/hpcdp.29.S1.04 |pmid = 21199599 |quote = The major source of ultraviolet radiation is solar radiation or sunlight. However, exposure to artificial sources, particularly through tanning salons, is becoming more important in terms of human health effects, as use of these facilities by young people, {{sic}} has increased. }}</ref> Whether sunscreen dey affect de risk of basal-cell cancer remain unclear.<ref name=Jou2012>{{cite journal |vauthors = Jou PC, Feldman RJ, Tomecki KJ |title = UV protection and sunscreens: what to tell patients |journal = Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine |volume = 79 |issue = 6 |pages = 427–36 |date = June 2012 |pmid = 22660875 |doi = 10.3949/ccjm.79a.11110 |s2cid = 44457153 |doi-access = free }}</ref> Diagnosis often dey depend on skin examination, confirmed by tissue biopsy.<ref name="Ga20152" /><ref name=NCI2017Diag>{{cite web |title= Skin Cancer Treatment |url= https://www.cancer.gov/types/skin/patient/skin-treatment-pq |website= National Cancer Institute |access-date= 2 July 2017 |language= en |date= 21 June 2017 |url-status= live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170704222639/https://www.cancer.gov/types/skin/patient/skin-treatment-pdq |archive-date= 4 July 2017 }}</ref> Treatment typically be by surgical removal.<ref name="Ga20152" /> Dis fi be by simple excision if de cancer be small; otherwise, Mohs surgery generally be recommended.<ref name="Ga20152" /><!-- Quote = Although several treatment modalities exist (Table 1)... Mohs surgery is the treatment of choice for any BCC with high-risk characteristics as defined by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (see Box 2). --> Oda options dey include electrodesiccation den curettage, cryosurgery, topical chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, laser surgery, anaa de use of imiquimod, a topical immune-activating medication.<ref name=NCI2017Tx>{{cite web |title= Skin Cancer Treatment |url= https://www.cancer.gov/types/skin/patient/skin-treatment-pdq#link/_119_toc |website= National Cancer Institute |access-date= 2 July 2017 |language= en |date= 21 June 2017 |url-status= live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170704222639/https://www.cancer.gov/types/skin/patient/skin-treatment-pdq#link/_119_toc |archive-date= 4 July 2017 }}</ref> Insyd de rare cases insyd wich distant spread occur, chemotherapy anaa targeted therapy fi be used.<ref name=NCI2017Tx/> == References == <references /> == External links == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 0vjld7a533cll4jweapu6zous1gcj7c 97617 97616 2026-05-05T16:35:49Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97617 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Basal-cell carcinoma''' ('''BCC'''), dem sanso know as '''basal-cell cancer''', '''basalioma''',<ref>{{cite web |title=Basal Cell Carcinoma |url=https://dermnetnz.org/topics/basal-cell-carcinoma |website=dermnetnz.org |date=26 October 2023 |access-date=12 November 2023 |language=en}}</ref> anaa '''rodent ulcer''',<ref>{{cite web |title=Basal Cell Carcinoma (Rodent Ulcer or BCC) |url=https://www.newcastle-hospitals.nhs.uk/services/dermatology/patient-dermatology-information-leaflets/basal-cell-carcinoma-rodent-ulcer-or-bcc/ |website=Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust |access-date=12 November 2023 |date=31 October 2022}}</ref> be de most common type of [[skin cancer]].<ref name="Ga20152">{{cite journal |vauthors=Gandhi SA, Kampp J |date=November 2015 |title=Skin Cancer Epidemiology, Detection, and Management |journal=The Medical Clinics of North America |volume=99 |issue=6 |pages=1323–35 |doi=10.1016/j.mcna.2015.06.002 |pmid=26476255}}</ref> E often dey appear as a painless, raised area of skin, wich fi be shiny plus small blood vessels wey dey run over am.<ref name=NCI2013TxPro/> E fi sanso be present as a raised area plus ulceration.<ref name=NCI2013TxPro>{{cite web |title= Skin Cancer Treatment (PDQ®) |url= http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/skin/HealthProfessional/page1/AllPages |website= NCI|access-date= 30 June 2014 |date= 2013-10-25 |url-status= live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140705234200/http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/skin/HealthProfessional/page1/Alpages |archive-date= 5 July 2014 }}</ref> Basal-cell cancer dey grow slowly wey fi damage de tissue around am, buh e be unlikely to spread to distant areas anaa result in death.<ref name=Cak2012>{{cite journal |vauthors = Cakir BÖ, Adamson P, Cingi C |title = Epidemiology and economic burden of nonmelanoma skin cancer |journal = Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America |volume = 20 |issue = 4 |pages = 419–22 |date = November 2012 |pmid = 23084294 |doi = 10.1016/j.fsc.2012.07.004 }}</ref> Risk factors dey include exposure to ultraviolet light (UV), having lighter skin, radiation therapy, long-term exposure to arsenic, den poor immune-system function.<ref name="Ga20152" /> Exposure to UV light during kiddie time particularly be harmful.<ref name=WCR2014>{{cite book |title= World Cancer Report 2014 |date= 2014 |publisher= World Health Organization |isbn= 978-92-832-0429-9 |at= Chapter 5.14}}</ref> Tanning beds cam be anoda common source of ultraviolet radiation.<ref name=UV2010>{{cite journal |vauthors = Gallagher RP, Lee TK, Bajdik CD, Borugian M |title = Ultraviolet radiation |journal = Chronic Diseases in Canada |volume = 29 |pages = 51–68 |date = 2010 |issue = Suppl 1 |doi = 10.24095/hpcdp.29.S1.04 |pmid = 21199599 |quote = The major source of ultraviolet radiation is solar radiation or sunlight. However, exposure to artificial sources, particularly through tanning salons, is becoming more important in terms of human health effects, as use of these facilities by young people, {{sic}} has increased. }}</ref> Whether sunscreen dey affect de risk of basal-cell cancer remain unclear.<ref name=Jou2012>{{cite journal |vauthors = Jou PC, Feldman RJ, Tomecki KJ |title = UV protection and sunscreens: what to tell patients |journal = Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine |volume = 79 |issue = 6 |pages = 427–36 |date = June 2012 |pmid = 22660875 |doi = 10.3949/ccjm.79a.11110 |s2cid = 44457153 |doi-access = free }}</ref> Diagnosis often dey depend on skin examination, confirmed by tissue biopsy.<ref name="Ga20152" /><ref name=NCI2017Diag>{{cite web |title= Skin Cancer Treatment |url= https://www.cancer.gov/types/skin/patient/skin-treatment-pq |website= National Cancer Institute |access-date= 2 July 2017 |language= en |date= 21 June 2017 |url-status= live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170704222639/https://www.cancer.gov/types/skin/patient/skin-treatment-pdq |archive-date= 4 July 2017 }}</ref> Treatment typically be by surgical removal.<ref name="Ga20152" /> Dis fi be by simple excision if de cancer be small; otherwise, Mohs surgery generally be recommended.<ref name="Ga20152" /><!-- Quote = Although several treatment modalities exist (Table 1)... Mohs surgery is the treatment of choice for any BCC with high-risk characteristics as defined by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (see Box 2). --> Oda options dey include electrodesiccation den curettage, cryosurgery, topical chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, laser surgery, anaa de use of imiquimod, a topical immune-activating medication.<ref name=NCI2017Tx>{{cite web |title= Skin Cancer Treatment |url= https://www.cancer.gov/types/skin/patient/skin-treatment-pdq#link/_119_toc |website= National Cancer Institute |access-date= 2 July 2017 |language= en |date= 21 June 2017 |url-status= live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170704222639/https://www.cancer.gov/types/skin/patient/skin-treatment-pdq#link/_119_toc |archive-date= 4 July 2017 }}</ref> Insyd de rare cases insyd wich distant spread occur, chemotherapy anaa targeted therapy fi be used.<ref name=NCI2017Tx/> Basal-cell cancer dey account for at least 32% of all cancers globally.<ref name=Cak2012/><ref name=Dub2013>{{cite journal |vauthors = Dubas LE, Ingraffea A |title = Nonmelanoma skin cancer |journal = Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America |volume = 21 |issue = 1 |pages = 43–53 |date = February 2013 |pmid = 23369588 | doi = 10.1016/j.fsc.2012.10.003 }}</ref> Of skin cancers oda dan [[melanoma]], about 80% be BCCs.<ref name=Ga2015>{{cite journal |vauthors = Gandhi SA, Kampp J |title = Skin Cancer Epidemiology, Detection, and Management |journal = The Medical Clinics of North America |volume = 99 |issue = 6 |pages = 1323–35 |date = November 2015 |pmid = 26476255 |doi = 10.1016/j.mcna.2015.06.002 }}</ref> Insyd de [[United States]], about 35% of White males den 25% of White females be affected by BCC at sam point insyd dema lives.<ref name=Ga2015/> == References == <references /> == External links == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] tg3wo8yc9cce437kg4cs1f66miaeduk 97618 97617 2026-05-05T16:38:05Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97618 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Basal-cell carcinoma''' ('''BCC'''), dem sanso know as '''basal-cell cancer''', '''basalioma''',<ref>{{cite web |title=Basal Cell Carcinoma |url=https://dermnetnz.org/topics/basal-cell-carcinoma |website=dermnetnz.org |date=26 October 2023 |access-date=12 November 2023 |language=en}}</ref> anaa '''rodent ulcer''',<ref>{{cite web |title=Basal Cell Carcinoma (Rodent Ulcer or BCC) |url=https://www.newcastle-hospitals.nhs.uk/services/dermatology/patient-dermatology-information-leaflets/basal-cell-carcinoma-rodent-ulcer-or-bcc/ |website=Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust |access-date=12 November 2023 |date=31 October 2022}}</ref> be de most common type of [[skin cancer]].<ref name="Ga20152">{{cite journal |vauthors=Gandhi SA, Kampp J |date=November 2015 |title=Skin Cancer Epidemiology, Detection, and Management |journal=The Medical Clinics of North America |volume=99 |issue=6 |pages=1323–35 |doi=10.1016/j.mcna.2015.06.002 |pmid=26476255}}</ref> E often dey appear as a painless, raised area of skin, wich fi be shiny plus small blood vessels wey dey run over am.<ref name=NCI2013TxPro/> E fi sanso be present as a raised area plus ulceration.<ref name=NCI2013TxPro>{{cite web |title= Skin Cancer Treatment (PDQ®) |url= http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/skin/HealthProfessional/page1/AllPages |website= NCI|access-date= 30 June 2014 |date= 2013-10-25 |url-status= live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140705234200/http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/skin/HealthProfessional/page1/Alpages |archive-date= 5 July 2014 }}</ref> Basal-cell cancer dey grow slowly wey fi damage de tissue around am, buh e be unlikely to spread to distant areas anaa result in death.<ref name=Cak2012>{{cite journal |vauthors = Cakir BÖ, Adamson P, Cingi C |title = Epidemiology and economic burden of nonmelanoma skin cancer |journal = Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America |volume = 20 |issue = 4 |pages = 419–22 |date = November 2012 |pmid = 23084294 |doi = 10.1016/j.fsc.2012.07.004 }}</ref> Risk factors dey include exposure to ultraviolet light (UV), having lighter skin, radiation therapy, long-term exposure to arsenic, den poor immune-system function.<ref name="Ga20152" /> Exposure to UV light during kiddie time particularly be harmful.<ref name=WCR2014>{{cite book |title= World Cancer Report 2014 |date= 2014 |publisher= World Health Organization |isbn= 978-92-832-0429-9 |at= Chapter 5.14}}</ref> Tanning beds cam be anoda common source of ultraviolet radiation.<ref name=UV2010>{{cite journal |vauthors = Gallagher RP, Lee TK, Bajdik CD, Borugian M |title = Ultraviolet radiation |journal = Chronic Diseases in Canada |volume = 29 |pages = 51–68 |date = 2010 |issue = Suppl 1 |doi = 10.24095/hpcdp.29.S1.04 |pmid = 21199599 |quote = The major source of ultraviolet radiation is solar radiation or sunlight. However, exposure to artificial sources, particularly through tanning salons, is becoming more important in terms of human health effects, as use of these facilities by young people, {{sic}} has increased. }}</ref> Whether sunscreen dey affect de risk of basal-cell cancer remain unclear.<ref name=Jou2012>{{cite journal |vauthors = Jou PC, Feldman RJ, Tomecki KJ |title = UV protection and sunscreens: what to tell patients |journal = Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine |volume = 79 |issue = 6 |pages = 427–36 |date = June 2012 |pmid = 22660875 |doi = 10.3949/ccjm.79a.11110 |s2cid = 44457153 |doi-access = free }}</ref> Diagnosis often dey depend on skin examination, confirmed by tissue biopsy.<ref name="Ga20152" /><ref name=NCI2017Diag>{{cite web |title= Skin Cancer Treatment |url= https://www.cancer.gov/types/skin/patient/skin-treatment-pq |website= National Cancer Institute |access-date= 2 July 2017 |language= en |date= 21 June 2017 |url-status= live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170704222639/https://www.cancer.gov/types/skin/patient/skin-treatment-pdq |archive-date= 4 July 2017 }}</ref> Treatment typically be by surgical removal.<ref name="Ga20152" /> Dis fi be by simple excision if de cancer be small; otherwise, Mohs surgery generally be recommended.<ref name="Ga20152" /><!-- Quote = Although several treatment modalities exist (Table 1)... Mohs surgery is the treatment of choice for any BCC with high-risk characteristics as defined by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (see Box 2). --> Oda options dey include electrodesiccation den curettage, cryosurgery, topical chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, laser surgery, anaa de use of imiquimod, a topical immune-activating medication.<ref name=NCI2017Tx>{{cite web |title= Skin Cancer Treatment |url= https://www.cancer.gov/types/skin/patient/skin-treatment-pdq#link/_119_toc |website= National Cancer Institute |access-date= 2 July 2017 |language= en |date= 21 June 2017 |url-status= live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170704222639/https://www.cancer.gov/types/skin/patient/skin-treatment-pdq#link/_119_toc |archive-date= 4 July 2017 }}</ref> Insyd de rare cases insyd wich distant spread occur, chemotherapy anaa targeted therapy fi be used.<ref name=NCI2017Tx/> Basal-cell cancer dey account for at least 32% of all cancers globally.<ref name=Cak2012/><ref name=Dub2013>{{cite journal |vauthors = Dubas LE, Ingraffea A |title = Nonmelanoma skin cancer |journal = Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America |volume = 21 |issue = 1 |pages = 43–53 |date = February 2013 |pmid = 23369588 | doi = 10.1016/j.fsc.2012.10.003 }}</ref> Of skin cancers oda dan [[melanoma]], about 80% be BCCs.<ref name=Ga2015>{{cite journal |vauthors = Gandhi SA, Kampp J |title = Skin Cancer Epidemiology, Detection, and Management |journal = The Medical Clinics of North America |volume = 99 |issue = 6 |pages = 1323–35 |date = November 2015 |pmid = 26476255 |doi = 10.1016/j.mcna.2015.06.002 }}</ref> Insyd de [[United States]], about 35% of White males den 25% of White females be affected by BCC at sam point insyd dema lives.<ref name=Ga2015/> Basal-cell carcinoma be named after de basal cells wey form de lowest layer of de epidermis. E be thought to develop from de folliculo–sebaceous–apocrine germinative cells dem call trichoblasts (of note, trichoblastic carcinoma be a term dem sam times use to refer to a rare type of aggressive skin cancer wey fi resemble a benign trichoblastoma, wey sanso fi closely resemble BCC). == References == <references /> == External links == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] ijika43aa3d1jeqf9g3gjtlsfbv58r7 97619 97618 2026-05-05T16:39:59Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97619 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Basal-cell carcinoma''' ('''BCC'''), dem sanso know as '''basal-cell cancer''', '''basalioma''',<ref>{{cite web |title=Basal Cell Carcinoma |url=https://dermnetnz.org/topics/basal-cell-carcinoma |website=dermnetnz.org |date=26 October 2023 |access-date=12 November 2023 |language=en}}</ref> anaa '''rodent ulcer''',<ref>{{cite web |title=Basal Cell Carcinoma (Rodent Ulcer or BCC) |url=https://www.newcastle-hospitals.nhs.uk/services/dermatology/patient-dermatology-information-leaflets/basal-cell-carcinoma-rodent-ulcer-or-bcc/ |website=Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust |access-date=12 November 2023 |date=31 October 2022}}</ref> be de most common type of [[skin cancer]].<ref name="Ga20152">{{cite journal |vauthors=Gandhi SA, Kampp J |date=November 2015 |title=Skin Cancer Epidemiology, Detection, and Management |journal=The Medical Clinics of North America |volume=99 |issue=6 |pages=1323–35 |doi=10.1016/j.mcna.2015.06.002 |pmid=26476255}}</ref> E often dey appear as a painless, raised area of skin, wich fi be shiny plus small blood vessels wey dey run over am.<ref name=NCI2013TxPro/> E fi sanso be present as a raised area plus ulceration.<ref name=NCI2013TxPro>{{cite web |title= Skin Cancer Treatment (PDQ®) |url= http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/skin/HealthProfessional/page1/AllPages |website= NCI|access-date= 30 June 2014 |date= 2013-10-25 |url-status= live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140705234200/http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/skin/HealthProfessional/page1/Alpages |archive-date= 5 July 2014 }}</ref> Basal-cell cancer dey grow slowly wey fi damage de tissue around am, buh e be unlikely to spread to distant areas anaa result in death.<ref name=Cak2012>{{cite journal |vauthors = Cakir BÖ, Adamson P, Cingi C |title = Epidemiology and economic burden of nonmelanoma skin cancer |journal = Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America |volume = 20 |issue = 4 |pages = 419–22 |date = November 2012 |pmid = 23084294 |doi = 10.1016/j.fsc.2012.07.004 }}</ref> Risk factors dey include exposure to ultraviolet light (UV), having lighter skin, radiation therapy, long-term exposure to arsenic, den poor immune-system function.<ref name="Ga20152" /> Exposure to UV light during kiddie time particularly be harmful.<ref name=WCR2014>{{cite book |title= World Cancer Report 2014 |date= 2014 |publisher= World Health Organization |isbn= 978-92-832-0429-9 |at= Chapter 5.14}}</ref> Tanning beds cam be anoda common source of ultraviolet radiation.<ref name=UV2010>{{cite journal |vauthors = Gallagher RP, Lee TK, Bajdik CD, Borugian M |title = Ultraviolet radiation |journal = Chronic Diseases in Canada |volume = 29 |pages = 51–68 |date = 2010 |issue = Suppl 1 |doi = 10.24095/hpcdp.29.S1.04 |pmid = 21199599 |quote = The major source of ultraviolet radiation is solar radiation or sunlight. However, exposure to artificial sources, particularly through tanning salons, is becoming more important in terms of human health effects, as use of these facilities by young people, {{sic}} has increased. }}</ref> Whether sunscreen dey affect de risk of basal-cell cancer remain unclear.<ref name=Jou2012>{{cite journal |vauthors = Jou PC, Feldman RJ, Tomecki KJ |title = UV protection and sunscreens: what to tell patients |journal = Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine |volume = 79 |issue = 6 |pages = 427–36 |date = June 2012 |pmid = 22660875 |doi = 10.3949/ccjm.79a.11110 |s2cid = 44457153 |doi-access = free }}</ref> Diagnosis often dey depend on skin examination, confirmed by tissue biopsy.<ref name="Ga20152" /><ref name=NCI2017Diag>{{cite web |title= Skin Cancer Treatment |url= https://www.cancer.gov/types/skin/patient/skin-treatment-pq |website= National Cancer Institute |access-date= 2 July 2017 |language= en |date= 21 June 2017 |url-status= live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170704222639/https://www.cancer.gov/types/skin/patient/skin-treatment-pdq |archive-date= 4 July 2017 }}</ref> Treatment typically be by surgical removal.<ref name="Ga20152" /> Dis fi be by simple excision if de cancer be small; otherwise, Mohs surgery generally be recommended.<ref name="Ga20152" /><!-- Quote = Although several treatment modalities exist (Table 1)... Mohs surgery is the treatment of choice for any BCC with high-risk characteristics as defined by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (see Box 2). --> Oda options dey include electrodesiccation den curettage, cryosurgery, topical chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, laser surgery, anaa de use of imiquimod, a topical immune-activating medication.<ref name=NCI2017Tx>{{cite web |title= Skin Cancer Treatment |url= https://www.cancer.gov/types/skin/patient/skin-treatment-pdq#link/_119_toc |website= National Cancer Institute |access-date= 2 July 2017 |language= en |date= 21 June 2017 |url-status= live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170704222639/https://www.cancer.gov/types/skin/patient/skin-treatment-pdq#link/_119_toc |archive-date= 4 July 2017 }}</ref> Insyd de rare cases insyd wich distant spread occur, chemotherapy anaa targeted therapy fi be used.<ref name=NCI2017Tx/> Basal-cell cancer dey account for at least 32% of all cancers globally.<ref name=Cak2012/><ref name=Dub2013>{{cite journal |vauthors = Dubas LE, Ingraffea A |title = Nonmelanoma skin cancer |journal = Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America |volume = 21 |issue = 1 |pages = 43–53 |date = February 2013 |pmid = 23369588 | doi = 10.1016/j.fsc.2012.10.003 }}</ref> Of skin cancers oda dan [[melanoma]], about 80% be BCCs.<ref name=Ga2015>{{cite journal |vauthors = Gandhi SA, Kampp J |title = Skin Cancer Epidemiology, Detection, and Management |journal = The Medical Clinics of North America |volume = 99 |issue = 6 |pages = 1323–35 |date = November 2015 |pmid = 26476255 |doi = 10.1016/j.mcna.2015.06.002 }}</ref> Insyd de [[United States]], about 35% of White males den 25% of White females be affected by BCC at sam point insyd dema lives.<ref name=Ga2015/> Basal-cell carcinoma be named after de basal cells wey form de lowest layer of de epidermis. E be thought to develop from de folliculo–sebaceous–apocrine germinative cells dem call trichoblasts (of note, trichoblastic carcinoma be a term dem sam times use to refer to a rare type of aggressive skin cancer wey fi resemble a benign trichoblastoma, wey sanso fi closely resemble BCC). == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Basal-Cell Carcinoma}} [[Category:Epidermal nevi, neoplasms, den cysts]] [[Category:Histopathology]] [[Category:Carcinoma]] [[Category:Dermal den subcutaneous growths]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] ehtumnlswmw7tf3ol6kki8widsnqf9k 14 26710 97604 2026-05-05T12:06:19Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 97604 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 14 26711 97605 2026-05-05T12:06:29Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 97605 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 0 26712 97606 2026-05-05T12:07:56Z DaSupremo 9 Created by translating the page [[:mdwiki:Special:Redirect/revision/1458468|Erectile dysfunction]] to:gpe #mdwikicx 97606 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] r0gf7axtnvt68k0p85plnlehx64o08u 97607 97606 2026-05-05T15:56:17Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97607 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Erectile dysfunction''' ('''ED'''), dem sanso refer to as '''impotence''', be a form of sexual dysfunction insyd males wey be characterized by de persistent anaa recurring inability to achieve anaa maintain a penile erection plus sufficient rigidity den duration for satisfactory sexual activity. E be de most common sexual problem insyd males wey fi cause psychological distress secof ein impact on self-image den sexual relationships. De term ''erectile dysfunction'' no dey encompass oda erection-related disorders, such as priapism. == References == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] ejlm09g9nlyuodw5gq37xjvaw03deka 97608 97607 2026-05-05T15:59:53Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97608 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Erectile dysfunction''' ('''ED'''), dem sanso refer to as '''impotence''', be a form of sexual dysfunction insyd males wey be characterized by de persistent anaa recurring inability to achieve anaa maintain a penile erection plus sufficient rigidity den duration for satisfactory sexual activity. E be de most common sexual problem insyd males wey fi cause psychological distress secof ein impact on self-image den sexual relationships. De term ''erectile dysfunction'' no dey encompass oda erection-related disorders, such as priapism. De majority of ED cases be attributed to physical risk factors den predictive factors. Dese factors fi be categorized as vascular, neurological, local penile, hormonal, den drug-induced. Notable predictors of ED dey include aging, cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, [[Hypertension|high blood pressure]], [[obesity]], abnormal lipid levels insyd de blood, hypogonadism, smoking, [[Depression (mood)|depression]], den medication use. Approximately 10% of cases be linked to psychosocial factors, wey dey encompass conditions such as depression, stress, den problems within relationships.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last1=Rosen |first1=RC |title=UpToDate |last2=Khera |first2=M |publisher=UpToDate |others=Post, TW |year=2023 |editor-last=O'Leary |editor-first=MP |location=Waltham, MA |chapter=Epidemiology and etiologies of male sexual dysfunction |editor-last2=Cummingham |editor-first2=GR}}</ref> ED be reported insyd 18% of males aged 50 to 59 years, den 37% insyd males aged 70 to 75.<ref name=":1" /> == References == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] <references /> == External links == l0vqifinoomwq5jzej4yg88eyva1y3h 97609 97608 2026-05-05T16:04:34Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97609 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Erectile dysfunction''' ('''ED'''), dem sanso refer to as '''impotence''', be a form of sexual dysfunction insyd males wey be characterized by de persistent anaa recurring inability to achieve anaa maintain a penile erection plus sufficient rigidity den duration for satisfactory sexual activity. E be de most common sexual problem insyd males wey fi cause psychological distress secof ein impact on self-image den sexual relationships. De term ''erectile dysfunction'' no dey encompass oda erection-related disorders, such as priapism. De majority of ED cases be attributed to physical risk factors den predictive factors. Dese factors fi be categorized as vascular, neurological, local penile, hormonal, den drug-induced. Notable predictors of ED dey include aging, cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, [[Hypertension|high blood pressure]], [[obesity]], abnormal lipid levels insyd de blood, hypogonadism, smoking, [[Depression (mood)|depression]], den medication use. Approximately 10% of cases be linked to psychosocial factors, wey dey encompass conditions such as depression, stress, den problems within relationships.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last1=Rosen |first1=RC |title=UpToDate |last2=Khera |first2=M |publisher=UpToDate |others=Post, TW |year=2023 |editor-last=O'Leary |editor-first=MP |location=Waltham, MA |chapter=Epidemiology and etiologies of male sexual dysfunction |editor-last2=Cummingham |editor-first2=GR}}</ref> ED be reported insyd 18% of males aged 50 to 59 years, den 37% insyd males aged 70 to 75.<ref name=":1" /> Treatment of ED dey encompass addressing de underlying causes, lifestyle modification, den addressing psychosocial issues. Insyd chaw instances, medication-based therapies be used, specifically PDE5 inhibitors such as [[sildenafil]]. Dese drugs dey function by dilating blood vessels, wey dey facilitate increased blood flow into de spongy tissue of de penis, analogous to opening a valve wider to enhance water flow insyd a fire hose. Less frequently employed treatments dey encompass prostaglandin pellets dem insert into de urethra, de injection of smooth-muscle relaxants den vasodilators directly into de penis, penile implants, de use of penis pumps, den vascular surgery.<ref name="pmid15947645">{{cite journal |vauthors=Montague DK, Jarow JP, Broderick GA, Dmochowski RR, Heaton JP, Lue TF, Milbank AJ, Nehra A, Sharlip ID |date=July 2005 |title=Chapter 1: The management of erectile dysfunction: an AUA update |editor-last=Smith |editor-first=JA Jr. |editor-link=Joseph A. Smith Jr. |journal=[[The Journal of Urology]] |publisher=[[Elsevier]] |volume=174 |issue=1 |pages=230–39 |doi=10.1097/01.ju.0000164463.19239.19 |issn=1527-3792 |pmid=15947645 |s2cid=1761196}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] jv3ycl6tnmz6ktkopsxmo2ipb37wb23 97610 97609 2026-05-05T16:05:37Z DaSupremo 9 Add references 97610 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Erectile dysfunction''' ('''ED'''), dem sanso refer to as '''impotence''', be a form of sexual dysfunction insyd males wey be characterized by de persistent anaa recurring inability to achieve anaa maintain a penile erection plus sufficient rigidity den duration for satisfactory sexual activity. E be de most common sexual problem insyd males wey fi cause psychological distress secof ein impact on self-image den sexual relationships. De term ''erectile dysfunction'' no dey encompass oda erection-related disorders, such as priapism. De majority of ED cases be attributed to physical risk factors den predictive factors. Dese factors fi be categorized as vascular, neurological, local penile, hormonal, den drug-induced. Notable predictors of ED dey include aging, cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, [[Hypertension|high blood pressure]], [[obesity]], abnormal lipid levels insyd de blood, hypogonadism, smoking, [[Depression (mood)|depression]], den medication use. Approximately 10% of cases be linked to psychosocial factors, wey dey encompass conditions such as depression, stress, den problems within relationships.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last1=Rosen |first1=RC |title=UpToDate |last2=Khera |first2=M |publisher=UpToDate |others=Post, TW |year=2023 |editor-last=O'Leary |editor-first=MP |location=Waltham, MA |chapter=Epidemiology and etiologies of male sexual dysfunction |editor-last2=Cummingham |editor-first2=GR}}</ref> ED be reported insyd 18% of males aged 50 to 59 years, den 37% insyd males aged 70 to 75.<ref name=":1" /> Treatment of ED dey encompass addressing de underlying causes, lifestyle modification, den addressing psychosocial issues.<ref name="LMCC">Chowdhury SH, Cozma AI, Chowdhury JH. Erectile Dysfunction. Essentials for the Canadian Medical Licensing Exam: Review and Prep for MCCQE Part I. 2nd edition. Wolters Kluwer. Hong Kong. 2017.</ref> Insyd chaw instances, medication-based therapies be used, specifically PDE5 inhibitors such as [[sildenafil]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Vardi |first=M. |last2=Nini |first2=A. |date=2007-01-24 |title=Phosphodiesterase inhibitors for erectile dysfunction in patients with diabetes mellitus |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17253475 |journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews |volume=2007 |issue=1 |pages=CD002187 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD002187.pub3 |issn=1469-493X |pmc=6718223 |pmid=17253475}}</ref> Dese drugs dey function by dilating blood vessels, wey dey facilitate increased blood flow into de spongy tissue of de penis, analogous to opening a valve wider to enhance water flow insyd a fire hose. Less frequently employed treatments dey encompass prostaglandin pellets dem insert into de urethra, de injection of smooth-muscle relaxants den vasodilators directly into de penis, penile implants, de use of penis pumps, den vascular surgery.<ref name="LMCC" /><ref name="pmid15947645">{{cite journal |vauthors=Montague DK, Jarow JP, Broderick GA, Dmochowski RR, Heaton JP, Lue TF, Milbank AJ, Nehra A, Sharlip ID |date=July 2005 |title=Chapter 1: The management of erectile dysfunction: an AUA update |editor-last=Smith |editor-first=JA Jr. |editor-link=Joseph A. Smith Jr. |journal=[[The Journal of Urology]] |publisher=[[Elsevier]] |volume=174 |issue=1 |pages=230–39 |doi=10.1097/01.ju.0000164463.19239.19 |issn=1527-3792 |pmid=15947645 |s2cid=1761196}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] cu5hgcm7vqgs8kutm480836o6x6ziik 97611 97610 2026-05-05T16:10:48Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97611 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Erectile dysfunction''' ('''ED'''), dem sanso refer to as '''impotence''', be a form of sexual dysfunction insyd males wey be characterized by de persistent anaa recurring inability to achieve anaa maintain a penile erection plus sufficient rigidity den duration for satisfactory sexual activity. E be de most common sexual problem insyd males wey fi cause psychological distress secof ein impact on self-image den sexual relationships. De term ''erectile dysfunction'' no dey encompass oda erection-related disorders, such as priapism. De majority of ED cases be attributed to physical risk factors den predictive factors. Dese factors fi be categorized as vascular, neurological, local penile, hormonal, den drug-induced. Notable predictors of ED dey include aging, cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, [[Hypertension|high blood pressure]], [[obesity]], abnormal lipid levels insyd de blood, hypogonadism, smoking, [[Depression (mood)|depression]], den medication use. Approximately 10% of cases be linked to psychosocial factors, wey dey encompass conditions such as depression, stress, den problems within relationships.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last1=Rosen |first1=RC |title=UpToDate |last2=Khera |first2=M |publisher=UpToDate |others=Post, TW |year=2023 |editor-last=O'Leary |editor-first=MP |location=Waltham, MA |chapter=Epidemiology and etiologies of male sexual dysfunction |editor-last2=Cummingham |editor-first2=GR}}</ref> ED be reported insyd 18% of males aged 50 to 59 years, den 37% insyd males aged 70 to 75.<ref name=":1" /> Treatment of ED dey encompass addressing de underlying causes, lifestyle modification, den addressing psychosocial issues.<ref name="LMCC">Chowdhury SH, Cozma AI, Chowdhury JH. Erectile Dysfunction. Essentials for the Canadian Medical Licensing Exam: Review and Prep for MCCQE Part I. 2nd edition. Wolters Kluwer. Hong Kong. 2017.</ref> Insyd chaw instances, medication-based therapies be used, specifically PDE5 inhibitors such as [[sildenafil]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Vardi |first=M. |last2=Nini |first2=A. |date=2007-01-24 |title=Phosphodiesterase inhibitors for erectile dysfunction in patients with diabetes mellitus |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17253475 |journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews |volume=2007 |issue=1 |pages=CD002187 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD002187.pub3 |issn=1469-493X |pmc=6718223 |pmid=17253475}}</ref> Dese drugs dey function by dilating blood vessels, wey dey facilitate increased blood flow into de spongy tissue of de penis, analogous to opening a valve wider to enhance water flow insyd a fire hose. Less frequently employed treatments dey encompass prostaglandin pellets dem insert into de urethra, de injection of smooth-muscle relaxants den vasodilators directly into de penis, penile implants, de use of penis pumps, den vascular surgery.<ref name="LMCC" /><ref name="pmid15947645">{{cite journal |vauthors=Montague DK, Jarow JP, Broderick GA, Dmochowski RR, Heaton JP, Lue TF, Milbank AJ, Nehra A, Sharlip ID |date=July 2005 |title=Chapter 1: The management of erectile dysfunction: an AUA update |editor-last=Smith |editor-first=JA Jr. |editor-link=Joseph A. Smith Jr. |journal=[[The Journal of Urology]] |publisher=[[Elsevier]] |volume=174 |issue=1 |pages=230–39 |doi=10.1097/01.ju.0000164463.19239.19 |issn=1527-3792 |pmid=15947645 |s2cid=1761196}}</ref> == References == <references /> ==Read further== * {{cite journal|last1=Carson|first1=Culley|last2=Faria|first2=Geraldo|last3=Hellstrom|first3=Wayne J. G.|last4=Krishnamurti|first4=Sudhakar|last5=Minhas|first5=Suks|last6=Moncada|first6=Ignacio|last7=Montague|first7=Drogo K.|date=1 January 2010|title=Implants, Mechanical Devices, and Vascular Surgery for Erectile Dysfunction|journal=Journal of Sexual Medicine|publisher=Wiley|volume=7|issue=1|pages=501–523|doi=10.1111/j.1743-6109.2009.01626.x|doi-access=free|pmid=20092450}} == External links == {{Commons}} <!-- BEFORE inserting new links here you should first post it to the talk page, otherwise, your edit is likely to be reverted--> {{Mental and behavioural disorders|selected = physical}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Non-sexuality]] [[Category:Penis disorders]] [[Category:Sexual dysfunctions]] [[Category:Penile erection]] [[Category:Men's health]] [[Category:Health effects of tobacco]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] j43kepkoeuk7wqonxtpsx639aniogqa 14 26713 97612 2026-05-05T16:11:13Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 97612 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 14 26714 97620 2026-05-05T16:40:41Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 97620 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 14 26715 97621 2026-05-05T16:40:52Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 97621 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 14 26716 97622 2026-05-05T16:41:04Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 97622 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 0 26717 97623 2026-05-05T16:46:40Z DaSupremo 9 Created by translating the page [[:mdwiki:Special:Redirect/revision/1468828|Osteoporosis]] to:gpe #mdwikicx 97623 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] r0gf7axtnvt68k0p85plnlehx64o08u 97625 97623 2026-05-05T16:59:41Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97625 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Osteoporosis''' be a systemic skeletal disorder wey be characterized by low bone mass, micro-architectural deterioration of bone tissue wey dey lead to more porous bone, den consequent increase insyd fracture risk. Bones dey undergo continuous remodeling: osteoclasts resorb old bone, den osteoblasts synthesize new bone. Plus advancing age, de rate of resorption dey exceed dat of bone formation, wey dey cause bones to lose density den cam be more susceptible to fractures.<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 March 2023 |title=Osteoblasts and Osteoclasts |url=https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/24871-osteoblasts-and-osteoclasts |url-status=live |access-date=5 May 2026 |website=Cleveland Clinic}}</ref> De word "osteoporosis" be from de Greek terms for "porous bones".<ref name="Grob20142">{{cite book |last1=Grob |first1=Gerald N. |title=Aging Bones: A Short History of Osteoporosis |date=2014 |publisher=JHU Press |isbn=978-1-4214-1318-1 |page=5}}</ref> == References == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] <references /> == External links == 0x1porr79i7vutin88aydzjlphgq86r 97626 97625 2026-05-05T17:09:02Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97626 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Osteoporosis''' be a systemic skeletal disorder wey be characterized by low bone mass, micro-architectural deterioration of bone tissue wey dey lead to more porous bone, den consequent increase insyd fracture risk. Bones dey undergo continuous remodeling: osteoclasts resorb old bone, den osteoblasts synthesize new bone. Plus advancing age, de rate of resorption dey exceed dat of bone formation, wey dey cause bones to lose density den cam be more susceptible to fractures.<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 March 2023 |title=Osteoblasts and Osteoclasts |url=https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/24871-osteoblasts-and-osteoclasts |url-status=live |access-date=5 May 2026 |website=Cleveland Clinic}}</ref> De word "osteoporosis" be from de Greek terms for "porous bones".<ref name="Grob20142">{{cite book |last1=Grob |first1=Gerald N. |title=Aging Bones: A Short History of Osteoporosis |date=2014 |publisher=JHU Press |isbn=978-1-4214-1318-1 |page=5}}</ref> Osteoporosis be de most common reason for a broken bone among de elderly.<ref name="NIH2014">{{cite web |title= Handout on Health: Osteoporosis |url=https://www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/osteoporosis |website=[[NIAMS]] |access-date=16 May 2015|date=August 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518091922/http://www.niams.nih.gov/health_info/Osteoporosis/default.asp|archive-date=18 May 2015}}</ref> Bones wey dey commonly break dey include de vertebrae insyd de spine, de bones of de forearm, de wrist, den de hip.<ref name="Gol2015">{{cite journal | vauthors = Golob AL, Laya MB | title = Osteoporosis: screening, prevention, and management | journal = The Medical Clinics of North America | volume = 99 | issue = 3 | pages = 587–606 | date = May 2015 | pmid = 25841602 | doi = 10.1016/j.mcna.2015.01.010 | url = https://zenodo.org/record/1259215 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | author = NIAMS Science Communications and Outreach Branch |date=2017-04-07 |title=Osteoporosis |url=https://www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/osteoporosis |access-date=2023-09-16 |website=National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases |language=en}}</ref> Til a broken bone occur, der be typically no symptoms. Bones fi weaken to such a degree dat a break fi occur plus minor stress anaa spontaneously. After de broken bone heal, sam people fi get chronic pain den a decreased ability to carry out normal activities.<ref name="NIH2014" /> == References == <references /> == External links == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 0ay2ywwfu8cwtvlu047cutbivghhq9f 97627 97626 2026-05-05T17:15:23Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97627 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Osteoporosis''' be a systemic skeletal disorder wey be characterized by low bone mass, micro-architectural deterioration of bone tissue wey dey lead to more porous bone, den consequent increase insyd fracture risk. Bones dey undergo continuous remodeling: osteoclasts resorb old bone, den osteoblasts synthesize new bone. Plus advancing age, de rate of resorption dey exceed dat of bone formation, wey dey cause bones to lose density den cam be more susceptible to fractures.<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 March 2023 |title=Osteoblasts and Osteoclasts |url=https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/24871-osteoblasts-and-osteoclasts |url-status=live |access-date=5 May 2026 |website=Cleveland Clinic}}</ref> De word "osteoporosis" be from de Greek terms for "porous bones".<ref name="Grob20142">{{cite book |last1=Grob |first1=Gerald N. |title=Aging Bones: A Short History of Osteoporosis |date=2014 |publisher=JHU Press |isbn=978-1-4214-1318-1 |page=5}}</ref> Osteoporosis be de most common reason for a broken bone among de elderly.<ref name="NIH2014">{{cite web |title= Handout on Health: Osteoporosis |url=https://www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/osteoporosis |website=[[NIAMS]] |access-date=16 May 2015|date=August 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518091922/http://www.niams.nih.gov/health_info/Osteoporosis/default.asp|archive-date=18 May 2015}}</ref> Bones wey dey commonly break dey include de vertebrae insyd de spine, de bones of de forearm, de wrist, den de hip.<ref name="Gol2015">{{cite journal | vauthors = Golob AL, Laya MB | title = Osteoporosis: screening, prevention, and management | journal = The Medical Clinics of North America | volume = 99 | issue = 3 | pages = 587–606 | date = May 2015 | pmid = 25841602 | doi = 10.1016/j.mcna.2015.01.010 | url = https://zenodo.org/record/1259215 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | author = NIAMS Science Communications and Outreach Branch |date=2017-04-07 |title=Osteoporosis |url=https://www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/osteoporosis |access-date=2023-09-16 |website=National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases |language=en}}</ref> Til a broken bone occur, der be typically no symptoms. Bones fi weaken to such a degree dat a break fi occur plus minor stress anaa spontaneously. After de broken bone heal, sam people fi get chronic pain den a decreased ability to carry out normal activities.<ref name="NIH2014" /> Osteoporosis fi be secof lower-than-normal maximum bone mass den greater-than-normal bone loss. Bone loss dey increase after menopause insyd women secof lower levels of estrogen,<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-01-24 |title=Menopause and Bone Loss |url=https://www.endocrine.org/patient-engagement/endocrine-library/menopause-and-bone-loss |access-date=2025-10-04 |website=www.endocrine.org |language=en}}</ref> den after insyd older men secof lower levels of testosterone.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-06-04 |title=Clinical Challenges: Managing Osteoporosis in Male Hypogonadism |url=https://www.medpagetoday.com/clinical-challenges/aace-osteoporosis/73256 |access-date=2022-03-22 |website=MedPage Today|publisher=Ziff Davis|language=en|author-last1=Monaco|author-first1=Kristen}}</ref> Osteoporosis sanso fi occur secof several diseases anaa treatments, wey dey include [[alcoholism]], [[anorexia nervosa|anorexia]], hyperthyroidism, kidney disease, den after oophorectomy (surgical removal of de ovaries). Certain medications dey increase de rate of bone loss, wey dey include chemotherapy, glucocorticosteroids. Smoking den a sedentary lifestyle sanso be recognized as major risk factors.<ref name="NIH2014" /> Osteoporosis be defined as a bone density of 2.5 standard deviations below dat of a young adult. Dis typically be measured by a DXA (anaa DEXA) bone density scan.<ref name="WHOcriteria">{{cite book |title=Prevention and management of osteoporosis |series=World Health Organization Technical Report Series |date=2003 |volume=921 |pages=1–164, back cover |publisher=World Health Organization |isbn=978-92-4-120921-2 |hdl=10665/42841 |pmid=15293701 }}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] r35n2me4fesjq9pxeriths2gwnfzei3 97628 97627 2026-05-05T17:20:48Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97628 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Osteoporosis''' be a systemic skeletal disorder wey be characterized by low bone mass, micro-architectural deterioration of bone tissue wey dey lead to more porous bone, den consequent increase insyd fracture risk. Bones dey undergo continuous remodeling: osteoclasts resorb old bone, den osteoblasts synthesize new bone. Plus advancing age, de rate of resorption dey exceed dat of bone formation, wey dey cause bones to lose density den cam be more susceptible to fractures.<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 March 2023 |title=Osteoblasts and Osteoclasts |url=https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/24871-osteoblasts-and-osteoclasts |url-status=live |access-date=5 May 2026 |website=Cleveland Clinic}}</ref> De word "osteoporosis" be from de Greek terms for "porous bones".<ref name="Grob20142">{{cite book |last1=Grob |first1=Gerald N. |title=Aging Bones: A Short History of Osteoporosis |date=2014 |publisher=JHU Press |isbn=978-1-4214-1318-1 |page=5}}</ref> Osteoporosis be de most common reason for a broken bone among de elderly.<ref name="NIH2014">{{cite web |title= Handout on Health: Osteoporosis |url=https://www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/osteoporosis |website=[[NIAMS]] |access-date=16 May 2015|date=August 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518091922/http://www.niams.nih.gov/health_info/Osteoporosis/default.asp|archive-date=18 May 2015}}</ref> Bones wey dey commonly break dey include de vertebrae insyd de spine, de bones of de forearm, de wrist, den de hip.<ref name="Gol2015">{{cite journal | vauthors = Golob AL, Laya MB | title = Osteoporosis: screening, prevention, and management | journal = The Medical Clinics of North America | volume = 99 | issue = 3 | pages = 587–606 | date = May 2015 | pmid = 25841602 | doi = 10.1016/j.mcna.2015.01.010 | url = https://zenodo.org/record/1259215 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | author = NIAMS Science Communications and Outreach Branch |date=2017-04-07 |title=Osteoporosis |url=https://www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/osteoporosis |access-date=2023-09-16 |website=National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases |language=en}}</ref> Til a broken bone occur, der be typically no symptoms. Bones fi weaken to such a degree dat a break fi occur plus minor stress anaa spontaneously. After de broken bone heal, sam people fi get chronic pain den a decreased ability to carry out normal activities.<ref name="NIH2014" /> Osteoporosis fi be secof lower-than-normal maximum bone mass den greater-than-normal bone loss. Bone loss dey increase after menopause insyd women secof lower levels of estrogen,<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-01-24 |title=Menopause and Bone Loss |url=https://www.endocrine.org/patient-engagement/endocrine-library/menopause-and-bone-loss |access-date=2025-10-04 |website=www.endocrine.org |language=en}}</ref> den after insyd older men secof lower levels of testosterone.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-06-04 |title=Clinical Challenges: Managing Osteoporosis in Male Hypogonadism |url=https://www.medpagetoday.com/clinical-challenges/aace-osteoporosis/73256 |access-date=2022-03-22 |website=MedPage Today|publisher=Ziff Davis|language=en|author-last1=Monaco|author-first1=Kristen}}</ref> Osteoporosis sanso fi occur secof several diseases anaa treatments, wey dey include [[alcoholism]], [[anorexia nervosa|anorexia]], hyperthyroidism, kidney disease, den after oophorectomy (surgical removal of de ovaries). Certain medications dey increase de rate of bone loss, wey dey include chemotherapy, glucocorticosteroids. Smoking den a sedentary lifestyle sanso be recognized as major risk factors.<ref name="NIH2014" /> Osteoporosis be defined as a bone density of 2.5 standard deviations below dat of a young adult. Dis typically be measured by a DXA (anaa DEXA) bone density scan.<ref name="WHOcriteria">{{cite book |title=Prevention and management of osteoporosis |series=World Health Organization Technical Report Series |date=2003 |volume=921 |pages=1–164, back cover |publisher=World Health Organization |isbn=978-92-4-120921-2 |hdl=10665/42841 |pmid=15293701 }}</ref> Prevention of osteoporosis dey include a proper diet during kiddie time, hormone replacement therapy for menopausal women, den efforts to avoid medications wey increase de rate of bone loss. Efforts to prevent broken bones insyd those plus osteoporosis dey include a good diet, exercise, den fall prevention. Lifestyle changes such as stopping smoking den no dey drink alcohol fi help.<ref name=NIH2014/> Bisphosphonate medications be useful to decrease future broken bones insyd those plus previous broken bones secof osteoporosis. Insyd those plus osteoporosis buh no previous broken bones, dem show to be less effective.<ref name=Wells2008>{{cite journal | vauthors = Wells GA, Cranney A, Peterson J, Boucher M, Shea B, Robinson V, Coyle D, Tugwell P | title = Alendronate for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women | journal = The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | issue = 1 | article-number = CD001155 | date = January 2008 | pmid = 18253985 | doi = 10.1002/14651858.CD001155.pub2 }}</ref><ref name="Wells2008a">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wells GA, Hsieh SC, Zheng C, Peterson J, Tugwell P, Liu W |date=May 2022 |title=Risedronate for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women |journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews |volume=2022 |issue= 7|article-number= CD004523|doi=10.1002/14651858.CD004523.pub4 |pmid=35502787|pmc=9062986 }}</ref><ref name="Wells-2024">{{Cite journal |last1=Wells |first1=George A. |last2=Hsieh |first2=Shu-Ching |last3=Peterson |first3=Joan |last4=Zheng |first4=Carine |last5=Kelly |first5=Shannon E. |last6=Shea |first6=Beverley |last7=Tugwell |first7=Peter |date=2024-04-09 |title=Etidronate for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women |journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews |volume=2024 |issue=4 |article-number=CD003376 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD003376.pub4 |issn=1469-493X |pmc=11003221 |pmid=38591743}}</ref> Dem no dey appear to affect de risk of death.<ref name="ABDTJAMA2019">{{cite journal | vauthors = Cummings SR, Lui LY, Eastell R, Allen IE | title = Association Between Drug Treatments for Patients With Osteoporosis and Overall Mortality Rates: A Meta-analysis | journal = JAMA Internal Medicine | date = August 2019 | volume = 179 | issue = 11 | pages = 1491–1500 | pmid = 31424486 | pmc = 6704731 | doi = 10.1001/jamainternmed.2019.2779 }}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] anjikcrqy88vru9az5qhjzqdahphe98 97629 97628 2026-05-05T17:24:21Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97629 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Osteoporosis''' be a systemic skeletal disorder wey be characterized by low bone mass, micro-architectural deterioration of bone tissue wey dey lead to more porous bone, den consequent increase insyd fracture risk. Bones dey undergo continuous remodeling: osteoclasts resorb old bone, den osteoblasts synthesize new bone. Plus advancing age, de rate of resorption dey exceed dat of bone formation, wey dey cause bones to lose density den cam be more susceptible to fractures.<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 March 2023 |title=Osteoblasts and Osteoclasts |url=https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/24871-osteoblasts-and-osteoclasts |url-status=live |access-date=5 May 2026 |website=Cleveland Clinic}}</ref> De word "osteoporosis" be from de Greek terms for "porous bones".<ref name="Grob20142">{{cite book |last1=Grob |first1=Gerald N. |title=Aging Bones: A Short History of Osteoporosis |date=2014 |publisher=JHU Press |isbn=978-1-4214-1318-1 |page=5}}</ref> Osteoporosis be de most common reason for a broken bone among de elderly.<ref name="NIH2014">{{cite web |title= Handout on Health: Osteoporosis |url=https://www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/osteoporosis |website=[[NIAMS]] |access-date=16 May 2015|date=August 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518091922/http://www.niams.nih.gov/health_info/Osteoporosis/default.asp|archive-date=18 May 2015}}</ref> Bones wey dey commonly break dey include de vertebrae insyd de spine, de bones of de forearm, de wrist, den de hip.<ref name="Gol2015">{{cite journal | vauthors = Golob AL, Laya MB | title = Osteoporosis: screening, prevention, and management | journal = The Medical Clinics of North America | volume = 99 | issue = 3 | pages = 587–606 | date = May 2015 | pmid = 25841602 | doi = 10.1016/j.mcna.2015.01.010 | url = https://zenodo.org/record/1259215 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | author = NIAMS Science Communications and Outreach Branch |date=2017-04-07 |title=Osteoporosis |url=https://www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/osteoporosis |access-date=2023-09-16 |website=National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases |language=en}}</ref> Til a broken bone occur, der be typically no symptoms. Bones fi weaken to such a degree dat a break fi occur plus minor stress anaa spontaneously. After de broken bone heal, sam people fi get chronic pain den a decreased ability to carry out normal activities.<ref name="NIH2014" /> Osteoporosis fi be secof lower-than-normal maximum bone mass den greater-than-normal bone loss. Bone loss dey increase after menopause insyd women secof lower levels of estrogen,<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-01-24 |title=Menopause and Bone Loss |url=https://www.endocrine.org/patient-engagement/endocrine-library/menopause-and-bone-loss |access-date=2025-10-04 |website=www.endocrine.org |language=en}}</ref> den after insyd older men secof lower levels of testosterone.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-06-04 |title=Clinical Challenges: Managing Osteoporosis in Male Hypogonadism |url=https://www.medpagetoday.com/clinical-challenges/aace-osteoporosis/73256 |access-date=2022-03-22 |website=MedPage Today|publisher=Ziff Davis|language=en|author-last1=Monaco|author-first1=Kristen}}</ref> Osteoporosis sanso fi occur secof several diseases anaa treatments, wey dey include [[alcoholism]], [[anorexia nervosa|anorexia]], hyperthyroidism, kidney disease, den after oophorectomy (surgical removal of de ovaries). Certain medications dey increase de rate of bone loss, wey dey include chemotherapy, glucocorticosteroids. Smoking den a sedentary lifestyle sanso be recognized as major risk factors.<ref name="NIH2014" /> Osteoporosis be defined as a bone density of 2.5 standard deviations below dat of a young adult. Dis typically be measured by a DXA (anaa DEXA) bone density scan.<ref name="WHOcriteria">{{cite book |title=Prevention and management of osteoporosis |series=World Health Organization Technical Report Series |date=2003 |volume=921 |pages=1–164, back cover |publisher=World Health Organization |isbn=978-92-4-120921-2 |hdl=10665/42841 |pmid=15293701 }}</ref> Prevention of osteoporosis dey include a proper diet during kiddie time, hormone replacement therapy for menopausal women, den efforts to avoid medications wey increase de rate of bone loss. Efforts to prevent broken bones insyd those plus osteoporosis dey include a good diet, exercise, den fall prevention. Lifestyle changes such as stopping smoking den no dey drink alcohol fi help.<ref name=NIH2014/> Bisphosphonate medications be useful to decrease future broken bones insyd those plus previous broken bones secof osteoporosis. Insyd those plus osteoporosis buh no previous broken bones, dem show to be less effective.<ref name=Wells2008>{{cite journal | vauthors = Wells GA, Cranney A, Peterson J, Boucher M, Shea B, Robinson V, Coyle D, Tugwell P | title = Alendronate for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women | journal = The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | issue = 1 | article-number = CD001155 | date = January 2008 | pmid = 18253985 | doi = 10.1002/14651858.CD001155.pub2 }}</ref><ref name="Wells2008a">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wells GA, Hsieh SC, Zheng C, Peterson J, Tugwell P, Liu W |date=May 2022 |title=Risedronate for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women |journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews |volume=2022 |issue= 7|article-number= CD004523|doi=10.1002/14651858.CD004523.pub4 |pmid=35502787|pmc=9062986 }}</ref><ref name="Wells-2024">{{Cite journal |last1=Wells |first1=George A. |last2=Hsieh |first2=Shu-Ching |last3=Peterson |first3=Joan |last4=Zheng |first4=Carine |last5=Kelly |first5=Shannon E. |last6=Shea |first6=Beverley |last7=Tugwell |first7=Peter |date=2024-04-09 |title=Etidronate for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women |journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews |volume=2024 |issue=4 |article-number=CD003376 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD003376.pub4 |issn=1469-493X |pmc=11003221 |pmid=38591743}}</ref> Dem no dey appear to affect de risk of death.<ref name="ABDTJAMA2019">{{cite journal | vauthors = Cummings SR, Lui LY, Eastell R, Allen IE | title = Association Between Drug Treatments for Patients With Osteoporosis and Overall Mortality Rates: A Meta-analysis | journal = JAMA Internal Medicine | date = August 2019 | volume = 179 | issue = 11 | pages = 1491–1500 | pmid = 31424486 | pmc = 6704731 | doi = 10.1001/jamainternmed.2019.2779 }}</ref> Osteoporosis cam be more common plus age. About 15% of Caucasians insyd dema 50s den 70% of those over 80 be affected.<ref name=WHOEpi>{{cite web|title=Chronic rheumatic conditions|url=https://www.who.int/chp/topics/rheumatic/en/|website=World Health Organization|access-date=18 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150427154245/http://www.who.int/chp/topics/rheumatic/en|archive-date=27 April 2015}}</ref> E be more common insyd women dan men.<ref name=NIH2014/> Insyd de developed world, dey depend on de method of diagnosis, 2% to 8% of males den 9% to 38% of females be affected.<ref name="Wade2014">{{cite journal | vauthors = Wade SW, Strader C, Fitzpatrick LA, Anthony MS, O'Malley CD | s2cid = 19534928 | title = Estimating prevalence of osteoporosis: examples from industrialized countries | journal = Archives of Osteoporosis | volume = 9 | issue = 1 | article-number = 182 | date = 2014 | pmid = 24847682 | doi = 10.1007/s11657-014-0182-3 }}</ref> Rates of disease insyd de developing world be unclear.<ref name=Han2008>{{cite journal | vauthors = Handa R, Ali Kalla A, Maalouf G | title = Osteoporosis in developing countries | journal = Best Practice & Research. Clinical Rheumatology | volume = 22 | issue = 4 | pages = 693–708 | date = August 2008 | pmid = 18783745 | doi = 10.1016/j.berh.2008.04.002 }}</ref> White den Asian people be at greater risk for low bone mineral density secof dema lower serum vitamin D levels den less vitamin D synthesis at certain latitudes.<ref name=NIH2014/> == References == <references /> == External links == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 1xpg1s3o32o1l17sp916ull6a8jehcx 97630 97629 2026-05-05T17:26:42Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97630 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Osteoporosis''' be a systemic skeletal disorder wey be characterized by low bone mass, micro-architectural deterioration of bone tissue wey dey lead to more porous bone, den consequent increase insyd fracture risk. Bones dey undergo continuous remodeling: osteoclasts resorb old bone, den osteoblasts synthesize new bone. Plus advancing age, de rate of resorption dey exceed dat of bone formation, wey dey cause bones to lose density den cam be more susceptible to fractures.<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 March 2023 |title=Osteoblasts and Osteoclasts |url=https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/24871-osteoblasts-and-osteoclasts |url-status=live |access-date=5 May 2026 |website=Cleveland Clinic}}</ref> De word "osteoporosis" be from de Greek terms for "porous bones".<ref name="Grob20142">{{cite book |last1=Grob |first1=Gerald N. |title=Aging Bones: A Short History of Osteoporosis |date=2014 |publisher=JHU Press |isbn=978-1-4214-1318-1 |page=5}}</ref> Osteoporosis be de most common reason for a broken bone among de elderly.<ref name="NIH2014">{{cite web |title= Handout on Health: Osteoporosis |url=https://www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/osteoporosis |website=[[NIAMS]] |access-date=16 May 2015|date=August 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518091922/http://www.niams.nih.gov/health_info/Osteoporosis/default.asp|archive-date=18 May 2015}}</ref> Bones wey dey commonly break dey include de vertebrae insyd de spine, de bones of de forearm, de wrist, den de hip.<ref name="Gol2015">{{cite journal | vauthors = Golob AL, Laya MB | title = Osteoporosis: screening, prevention, and management | journal = The Medical Clinics of North America | volume = 99 | issue = 3 | pages = 587–606 | date = May 2015 | pmid = 25841602 | doi = 10.1016/j.mcna.2015.01.010 | url = https://zenodo.org/record/1259215 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | author = NIAMS Science Communications and Outreach Branch |date=2017-04-07 |title=Osteoporosis |url=https://www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/osteoporosis |access-date=2023-09-16 |website=National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases |language=en}}</ref> Til a broken bone occur, der be typically no symptoms. Bones fi weaken to such a degree dat a break fi occur plus minor stress anaa spontaneously. After de broken bone heal, sam people fi get chronic pain den a decreased ability to carry out normal activities.<ref name="NIH2014" /> Osteoporosis fi be secof lower-than-normal maximum bone mass den greater-than-normal bone loss. Bone loss dey increase after menopause insyd women secof lower levels of estrogen,<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-01-24 |title=Menopause and Bone Loss |url=https://www.endocrine.org/patient-engagement/endocrine-library/menopause-and-bone-loss |access-date=2025-10-04 |website=www.endocrine.org |language=en}}</ref> den after insyd older men secof lower levels of testosterone.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-06-04 |title=Clinical Challenges: Managing Osteoporosis in Male Hypogonadism |url=https://www.medpagetoday.com/clinical-challenges/aace-osteoporosis/73256 |access-date=2022-03-22 |website=MedPage Today|publisher=Ziff Davis|language=en|author-last1=Monaco|author-first1=Kristen}}</ref> Osteoporosis sanso fi occur secof several diseases anaa treatments, wey dey include [[alcoholism]], [[anorexia nervosa|anorexia]], hyperthyroidism, kidney disease, den after oophorectomy (surgical removal of de ovaries). Certain medications dey increase de rate of bone loss, wey dey include chemotherapy, glucocorticosteroids. Smoking den a sedentary lifestyle sanso be recognized as major risk factors.<ref name="NIH2014" /> Osteoporosis be defined as a bone density of 2.5 standard deviations below dat of a young adult. Dis typically be measured by a DXA (anaa DEXA) bone density scan.<ref name="WHOcriteria">{{cite book |title=Prevention and management of osteoporosis |series=World Health Organization Technical Report Series |date=2003 |volume=921 |pages=1–164, back cover |publisher=World Health Organization |isbn=978-92-4-120921-2 |hdl=10665/42841 |pmid=15293701 }}</ref> Prevention of osteoporosis dey include a proper diet during kiddie time, hormone replacement therapy for menopausal women, den efforts to avoid medications wey increase de rate of bone loss. Efforts to prevent broken bones insyd those plus osteoporosis dey include a good diet, exercise, den fall prevention. Lifestyle changes such as stopping smoking den no dey drink alcohol fi help.<ref name=NIH2014/> Bisphosphonate medications be useful to decrease future broken bones insyd those plus previous broken bones secof osteoporosis. Insyd those plus osteoporosis buh no previous broken bones, dem show to be less effective.<ref name=Wells2008>{{cite journal | vauthors = Wells GA, Cranney A, Peterson J, Boucher M, Shea B, Robinson V, Coyle D, Tugwell P | title = Alendronate for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women | journal = The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | issue = 1 | article-number = CD001155 | date = January 2008 | pmid = 18253985 | doi = 10.1002/14651858.CD001155.pub2 }}</ref><ref name="Wells2008a">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wells GA, Hsieh SC, Zheng C, Peterson J, Tugwell P, Liu W |date=May 2022 |title=Risedronate for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women |journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews |volume=2022 |issue= 7|article-number= CD004523|doi=10.1002/14651858.CD004523.pub4 |pmid=35502787|pmc=9062986 }}</ref><ref name="Wells-2024">{{Cite journal |last1=Wells |first1=George A. |last2=Hsieh |first2=Shu-Ching |last3=Peterson |first3=Joan |last4=Zheng |first4=Carine |last5=Kelly |first5=Shannon E. |last6=Shea |first6=Beverley |last7=Tugwell |first7=Peter |date=2024-04-09 |title=Etidronate for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women |journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews |volume=2024 |issue=4 |article-number=CD003376 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD003376.pub4 |issn=1469-493X |pmc=11003221 |pmid=38591743}}</ref> Dem no dey appear to affect de risk of death.<ref name="ABDTJAMA2019">{{cite journal | vauthors = Cummings SR, Lui LY, Eastell R, Allen IE | title = Association Between Drug Treatments for Patients With Osteoporosis and Overall Mortality Rates: A Meta-analysis | journal = JAMA Internal Medicine | date = August 2019 | volume = 179 | issue = 11 | pages = 1491–1500 | pmid = 31424486 | pmc = 6704731 | doi = 10.1001/jamainternmed.2019.2779 }}</ref> Osteoporosis cam be more common plus age. About 15% of Caucasians insyd dema 50s den 70% of those over 80 be affected.<ref name=WHOEpi>{{cite web|title=Chronic rheumatic conditions|url=https://www.who.int/chp/topics/rheumatic/en/|website=World Health Organization|access-date=18 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150427154245/http://www.who.int/chp/topics/rheumatic/en|archive-date=27 April 2015}}</ref> E be more common insyd women dan men.<ref name=NIH2014/> Insyd de developed world, dey depend on de method of diagnosis, 2% to 8% of males den 9% to 38% of females be affected.<ref name="Wade2014">{{cite journal | vauthors = Wade SW, Strader C, Fitzpatrick LA, Anthony MS, O'Malley CD | s2cid = 19534928 | title = Estimating prevalence of osteoporosis: examples from industrialized countries | journal = Archives of Osteoporosis | volume = 9 | issue = 1 | article-number = 182 | date = 2014 | pmid = 24847682 | doi = 10.1007/s11657-014-0182-3 }}</ref> Rates of disease insyd de developing world be unclear.<ref name=Han2008>{{cite journal | vauthors = Handa R, Ali Kalla A, Maalouf G | title = Osteoporosis in developing countries | journal = Best Practice & Research. Clinical Rheumatology | volume = 22 | issue = 4 | pages = 693–708 | date = August 2008 | pmid = 18783745 | doi = 10.1016/j.berh.2008.04.002 }}</ref> White den Asian people be at greater risk for low bone mineral density secof dema lower serum vitamin D levels den less vitamin D synthesis at certain latitudes.<ref name=NIH2014/> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * [https://www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/osteoporosis Handout on Health: Osteoporosis]&nbsp; – US National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases * [https://www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/osteoporosis Osteoporosis]&nbsp; – l NIH Osteoporosis and Related Bone Diseases – National Resource Center * {{cite book | author = Office of the Surgeon General |title=Bone Health and Osteoporosis: A Report of the Surgeon General |date=2004 |publisher=[[U.S. Department of Health and Human Services]] |location=Rockville, MD |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK45513/ |access-date=18 July 2016 |pmid=20945569 |author1-link=Office of the Surgeon General}} * {{cite web | url = https://medlineplus.gov/osteoporosis.html | publisher = U.S. National Library of Medicine | work = MedlinePlus | title = Osteoporosis }} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Aging-associated diseases]] [[Category:Endocrine diseases]] [[Category:Osteopathies]] [[Category:Rheumatology]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] nptdeyqado3mp8jnbmzn5lsy19zdcxr 0 26718 97624 2026-05-05T16:47:37Z DaSupremo 9 Created by translating the page [[:mdwiki:Special:Redirect/revision/1469143|Peyronie's disease]] to:gpe #mdwikicx 97624 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] r0gf7axtnvt68k0p85plnlehx64o08u 97632 97624 2026-05-05T17:39:00Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97632 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Peyronie's disease''' ('''PD''') be a benign, acquired penile connective tissue disease wey be characterized by de occurrence of fibrotic plaques within de tunica albuginea — de dense elastic covering of de corpora cavernosa. De plaques dey cause abnormal curvature, pain, penile deformities (e.g., narrowing anaa indentation), den usually [[erectile dysfunction]], particularly during erection. De condition typically dey lead to significant sexual den psychological effects, wey dey include difficulty plus penetration den lowered self-esteem anaa evasiveness. Peyronie's disease most often be seen insyd middle-aged den older men plus a median age of onset between 55 den 60 years, however e sanso be common insyd younger individuals den adolescents.<ref name=":42">{{Citation |last1=Sandean |first1=Darren P. |title=Peyronie Disease |date=2025 |work=StatPearls |url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK560628/ |access-date=2025-10-08 |place=Treasure Island (FL) |publisher=StatPearls Publishing |pmid=32809463 |last2=Leslie |first2=Stephen W. |last3=Lotfollahzadeh |first3=Saran}}</ref> == References == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] <references /> == External links == lfwpr4tda9vxh7p09qm6t5nlprviszl 97633 97632 2026-05-05T17:44:52Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97633 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Peyronie's disease''' ('''PD''') be a benign, acquired penile connective tissue disease wey be characterized by de occurrence of fibrotic plaques within de tunica albuginea — de dense elastic covering of de corpora cavernosa. De plaques dey cause abnormal curvature, pain, penile deformities (e.g., narrowing anaa indentation), den usually [[erectile dysfunction]], particularly during erection. De condition typically dey lead to significant sexual den psychological effects, wey dey include difficulty plus penetration den lowered self-esteem anaa evasiveness. Peyronie's disease most often be seen insyd middle-aged den older men plus a median age of onset between 55 den 60 years, however e sanso be common insyd younger individuals den adolescents.<ref name=":42">{{Citation |last1=Sandean |first1=Darren P. |title=Peyronie Disease |date=2025 |work=StatPearls |url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK560628/ |access-date=2025-10-08 |place=Treasure Island (FL) |publisher=StatPearls Publishing |pmid=32809463 |last2=Leslie |first2=Stephen W. |last3=Lotfollahzadeh |first3=Saran}}</ref> While de etiology of Peyronie's disease still be uncertain, de leading hypothesis be say e dey arise from dysregulated wound healing in response to chronic microtrauma of de erect penis. Dis dey trigger a cascade of profibrotic molecular pathways — most notably overexpression of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) — wey end insyd fibroblast proliferation, myofibroblast differentiation, den overproduction of type I collagen.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Gonzalez-Cadavid |first1=Nestor F. |last2=Rajfer |first2=Jacob |date=1 June 2005 |title=Mechanisms of Disease: new insights into the cellular and molecular pathology of Peyronie's disease |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/ncpuro0201 |journal=Nature Clinical Practice Urology |language=en |volume=2 |issue=6 |pages=291–297 |doi=10.1038/ncpuro0201 |pmid=16474811 |issn=1743-4289|url-access=subscription }}</ref> Genetic predisposition be supported by family clustering den linkage plus systemic fibrosing disorders such as [[Dupuytren's contracture]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Herati |first1=Amin S. |last2=Pastuszak |first2=Alexander W. |date=1 Jan 2016 |title=The Genetic Basis of Peyronie Disease: A Review |journal=Sexual Medicine Reviews |volume=4 |issue=1 |pages=85–94 |doi=10.1016/j.sxmr.2015.10.002 |issn=2050-0521 |pmc=4778255 |pmid=27872008}}</ref> Risk factors dey include age, penile injury, [[Diabetes|diabetes mellitus]], den cigarette smoking.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Carrieri |first1=M. P. |last2=Serraino |first2=D. |last3=Palmiotto |first3=F. |last4=Nucci |first4=G. |last5=Sasso |first5=F. |date=1 June 1998 |title=A case-control study on risk factors for Peyronie's disease |journal=Journal of Clinical Epidemiology |volume=51 |issue=6 |pages=511–515 |doi=10.1016/s0895-4356(98)00015-8 |issn=0895-4356 |pmid=9636000}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Bjekic |first1=Milan D. |last2=Vlajinac |first2=Hristina D. |last3=Sipetic |first3=Sandra B. |last4=Marinkovic |first4=Jelena M. |date=1 March 2003 |title=Risk factors for Peyronie's disease: a case-control study |journal=BJU International |volume=97 |issue=3 |pages=570–574 |doi=10.1111/j.1464-410X.2006.05969.x |issn=1464-4096 |pmid=16469028}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] b5awe2vf0jzkpf2kgwg9f3i23pzia6l 97648 97633 2026-05-05T21:38:56Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97648 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Peyronie's disease''' ('''PD''') be a benign, acquired penile connective tissue disease wey be characterized by de occurrence of fibrotic plaques within de tunica albuginea — de dense elastic covering of de corpora cavernosa. De plaques dey cause abnormal curvature, pain, penile deformities (e.g., narrowing anaa indentation), den usually [[erectile dysfunction]], particularly during erection. De condition typically dey lead to significant sexual den psychological effects, wey dey include difficulty plus penetration den lowered self-esteem anaa evasiveness. Peyronie's disease most often be seen insyd middle-aged den older men plus a median age of onset between 55 den 60 years, however e sanso be common insyd younger individuals den adolescents.<ref name=":42">{{Citation |last1=Sandean |first1=Darren P. |title=Peyronie Disease |date=2025 |work=StatPearls |url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK560628/ |access-date=2025-10-08 |place=Treasure Island (FL) |publisher=StatPearls Publishing |pmid=32809463 |last2=Leslie |first2=Stephen W. |last3=Lotfollahzadeh |first3=Saran}}</ref> While de etiology of Peyronie's disease still be uncertain, de leading hypothesis be say e dey arise from dysregulated wound healing in response to chronic microtrauma of de erect penis. Dis dey trigger a cascade of profibrotic molecular pathways — most notably overexpression of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) — wey end insyd fibroblast proliferation, myofibroblast differentiation, den overproduction of type I collagen.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Gonzalez-Cadavid |first1=Nestor F. |last2=Rajfer |first2=Jacob |date=1 June 2005 |title=Mechanisms of Disease: new insights into the cellular and molecular pathology of Peyronie's disease |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/ncpuro0201 |journal=Nature Clinical Practice Urology |language=en |volume=2 |issue=6 |pages=291–297 |doi=10.1038/ncpuro0201 |pmid=16474811 |issn=1743-4289|url-access=subscription }}</ref> Genetic predisposition be supported by family clustering den linkage plus systemic fibrosing disorders such as [[Dupuytren's contracture]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Herati |first1=Amin S. |last2=Pastuszak |first2=Alexander W. |date=1 Jan 2016 |title=The Genetic Basis of Peyronie Disease: A Review |journal=Sexual Medicine Reviews |volume=4 |issue=1 |pages=85–94 |doi=10.1016/j.sxmr.2015.10.002 |issn=2050-0521 |pmc=4778255 |pmid=27872008}}</ref> Risk factors dey include age, penile injury, [[Diabetes|diabetes mellitus]], den cigarette smoking.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Carrieri |first1=M. P. |last2=Serraino |first2=D. |last3=Palmiotto |first3=F. |last4=Nucci |first4=G. |last5=Sasso |first5=F. |date=1 June 1998 |title=A case-control study on risk factors for Peyronie's disease |journal=Journal of Clinical Epidemiology |volume=51 |issue=6 |pages=511–515 |doi=10.1016/s0895-4356(98)00015-8 |issn=0895-4356 |pmid=9636000}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Bjekic |first1=Milan D. |last2=Vlajinac |first2=Hristina D. |last3=Sipetic |first3=Sandra B. |last4=Marinkovic |first4=Jelena M. |date=1 March 2003 |title=Risk factors for Peyronie's disease: a case-control study |journal=BJU International |volume=97 |issue=3 |pages=570–574 |doi=10.1111/j.1464-410X.2006.05969.x |issn=1464-4096 |pmid=16469028}}</ref> De prevalence of Peyronie's disease be projected at 1% to 20% among de general population of men increasing plus age den comorbidities such as erectile dysfunction (ED) anaa connective tissue disease. While Peyronie's disease neither be infectious nor malignant, e fi get serious negative effects on sexual health den quality of life. E be diagnosed mainly on de clinical presentation wey be supplemented by penile ultrasonography if necessary. Treatment dey depend on de phase den severity of de disease plus conservative measures (e.g., oral therapy, traction, intralesional injection) insyd de milder den stable forms to surgical intervention for de advanced anaa stable ones. Dem name de condition give French surgeon François Gigot de la Peyronie, wey insyd 1743 describe de condition.<ref name="NIH20142">{{cite web |date=July 2014 |title=Penile Curvature (Peyronie's Disease) |url=https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/urologic-diseases/penile-curvature-peyronies-disease |access-date=25 October 2017 |website=National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Levine |first1=Laurence A |year=2010 |title=Peyronie's disease and erectile dysfunction: Current understanding and future direction |journal=Indian Journal of Urology |volume=22 |issue=3 |pages=246–50 |doi=10.4103/0970-1591.27633|doi-access=free }}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] getqwtvw1v4gzax2g172w5hyyx29wsu 97649 97648 2026-05-05T21:46:39Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97649 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Peyronie's disease''' ('''PD''') be a benign, acquired penile connective tissue disease wey be characterized by de occurrence of fibrotic plaques within de tunica albuginea — de dense elastic covering of de corpora cavernosa. De plaques dey cause abnormal curvature, pain, penile deformities (e.g., narrowing anaa indentation), den usually [[erectile dysfunction]], particularly during erection. De condition typically dey lead to significant sexual den psychological effects, wey dey include difficulty plus penetration den lowered self-esteem anaa evasiveness. Peyronie's disease most often be seen insyd middle-aged den older men plus a median age of onset between 55 den 60 years, however e sanso be common insyd younger individuals den adolescents.<ref name=":42">{{Citation |last1=Sandean |first1=Darren P. |title=Peyronie Disease |date=2025 |work=StatPearls |url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK560628/ |access-date=2025-10-08 |place=Treasure Island (FL) |publisher=StatPearls Publishing |pmid=32809463 |last2=Leslie |first2=Stephen W. |last3=Lotfollahzadeh |first3=Saran}}</ref> While de etiology of Peyronie's disease still be uncertain, de leading hypothesis be say e dey arise from dysregulated wound healing in response to chronic microtrauma of de erect penis. Dis dey trigger a cascade of profibrotic molecular pathways — most notably overexpression of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) — wey end insyd fibroblast proliferation, myofibroblast differentiation, den overproduction of type I collagen.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Gonzalez-Cadavid |first1=Nestor F. |last2=Rajfer |first2=Jacob |date=1 June 2005 |title=Mechanisms of Disease: new insights into the cellular and molecular pathology of Peyronie's disease |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/ncpuro0201 |journal=Nature Clinical Practice Urology |language=en |volume=2 |issue=6 |pages=291–297 |doi=10.1038/ncpuro0201 |pmid=16474811 |issn=1743-4289|url-access=subscription }}</ref> Genetic predisposition be supported by family clustering den linkage plus systemic fibrosing disorders such as [[Dupuytren's contracture]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Herati |first1=Amin S. |last2=Pastuszak |first2=Alexander W. |date=1 Jan 2016 |title=The Genetic Basis of Peyronie Disease: A Review |journal=Sexual Medicine Reviews |volume=4 |issue=1 |pages=85–94 |doi=10.1016/j.sxmr.2015.10.002 |issn=2050-0521 |pmc=4778255 |pmid=27872008}}</ref> Risk factors dey include age, penile injury, [[Diabetes|diabetes mellitus]], den cigarette smoking.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Carrieri |first1=M. P. |last2=Serraino |first2=D. |last3=Palmiotto |first3=F. |last4=Nucci |first4=G. |last5=Sasso |first5=F. |date=1 June 1998 |title=A case-control study on risk factors for Peyronie's disease |journal=Journal of Clinical Epidemiology |volume=51 |issue=6 |pages=511–515 |doi=10.1016/s0895-4356(98)00015-8 |issn=0895-4356 |pmid=9636000}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Bjekic |first1=Milan D. |last2=Vlajinac |first2=Hristina D. |last3=Sipetic |first3=Sandra B. |last4=Marinkovic |first4=Jelena M. |date=1 March 2003 |title=Risk factors for Peyronie's disease: a case-control study |journal=BJU International |volume=97 |issue=3 |pages=570–574 |doi=10.1111/j.1464-410X.2006.05969.x |issn=1464-4096 |pmid=16469028}}</ref> De prevalence of Peyronie's disease be projected at 1% to 20% among de general population of men increasing plus age den comorbidities such as erectile dysfunction (ED) anaa connective tissue disease. While Peyronie's disease neither be infectious nor malignant, e fi get serious negative effects on sexual health den quality of life. E be diagnosed mainly on de clinical presentation wey be supplemented by penile ultrasonography if necessary. Treatment dey depend on de phase den severity of de disease plus conservative measures (e.g., oral therapy, traction, intralesional injection) insyd de milder den stable forms to surgical intervention for de advanced anaa stable ones. Dem name de condition give French surgeon François Gigot de la Peyronie, wey insyd 1743 describe de condition.<ref name="NIH20142">{{cite web |date=July 2014 |title=Penile Curvature (Peyronie's Disease) |url=https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/urologic-diseases/penile-curvature-peyronies-disease |access-date=25 October 2017 |website=National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Levine |first1=Laurence A |year=2010 |title=Peyronie's disease and erectile dysfunction: Current understanding and future direction |journal=Indian Journal of Urology |volume=22 |issue=3 |pages=246–50 |doi=10.4103/0970-1591.27633|doi-access=free }}</ref> E be estimated to affect 1–20% of men.<ref name=":42" /><ref name="NIH20142" /><ref name=":9">{{Cite journal |last1=Moghalu |first1=O. |last2=Pastuszak |first2=A. |last3=Hotaling |first3=J. |last4=Das |first4=R. |last5=Campbell |first5=A. |last6=Horns |first6=J. |date=2021-03-01 |title=060 Regional Differences in The Incidence and Prevalence of Peyronie's Disease in The United States - Results from a Claims and Encounters Database |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1743609521000333 |journal=The Journal of Sexual Medicine |series=21st Annual Fall Scientific Meeting of SMSNA |volume=18 |issue=3, Supplement 1 |pages=S32–S33 |doi=10.1016/j.jsxm.2021.01.030 |issn=1743-6095 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> De condition cam be more common plus age.<ref name="NIH20142" /><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=DiBenedetti |first1=Dana Britt |last2=Nguyen |first2=Dat |last3=Zografos |first3=Laurie |last4=Ziemiecki |first4=Ryan |last5=Zhou |first5=Xiaolei |date=2011 |title=A Population-Based Study of Peyronie′s Disease: Prevalence and Treatment Patterns in the United States |journal=Advances in Urology |language=en |volume=2011 |issue=1 |article-number=282503 |doi=10.1155/2011/282503 |doi-access=free |issn=1687-6377 |pmc=3202120 |pmid=22110491}}</ref><ref name=":10">{{Cite journal |last1=Di Maida |first1=Fabrizio |last2=Cito |first2=Gianmartin |last3=Lambertini |first3=Luca |last4=Valastro |first4=Francesca |last5=Morelli |first5=Girolamo |last6=Mari |first6=Andrea |last7=Carini |first7=Marco |last8=Minervini |first8=Andrea |last9=Cocci |first9=Andrea |date=2021-07-01 |title=The Natural History of Peyronie's Disease |journal=The World Journal of Men's Health |language=English |volume=39 |issue=3 |pages=399–405 |doi=10.5534/wjmh.200065 |issn=2287-4208 |pmc=8255406 |pmid=32648381}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] owyn6nswu0y0jls9ne0nn6uaujh9rxc 97650 97649 2026-05-05T21:50:57Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97650 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Peyronie's disease''' ('''PD''') be a benign, acquired penile connective tissue disease wey be characterized by de occurrence of fibrotic plaques within de tunica albuginea — de dense elastic covering of de corpora cavernosa. De plaques dey cause abnormal curvature, pain, penile deformities (e.g., narrowing anaa indentation), den usually [[erectile dysfunction]], particularly during erection. De condition typically dey lead to significant sexual den psychological effects, wey dey include difficulty plus penetration den lowered self-esteem anaa evasiveness. Peyronie's disease most often be seen insyd middle-aged den older men plus a median age of onset between 55 den 60 years, however e sanso be common insyd younger individuals den adolescents.<ref name=":42">{{Citation |last1=Sandean |first1=Darren P. |title=Peyronie Disease |date=2025 |work=StatPearls |url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK560628/ |access-date=2025-10-08 |place=Treasure Island (FL) |publisher=StatPearls Publishing |pmid=32809463 |last2=Leslie |first2=Stephen W. |last3=Lotfollahzadeh |first3=Saran}}</ref> While de etiology of Peyronie's disease still be uncertain, de leading hypothesis be say e dey arise from dysregulated wound healing in response to chronic microtrauma of de erect penis. Dis dey trigger a cascade of profibrotic molecular pathways — most notably overexpression of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) — wey end insyd fibroblast proliferation, myofibroblast differentiation, den overproduction of type I collagen.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Gonzalez-Cadavid |first1=Nestor F. |last2=Rajfer |first2=Jacob |date=1 June 2005 |title=Mechanisms of Disease: new insights into the cellular and molecular pathology of Peyronie's disease |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/ncpuro0201 |journal=Nature Clinical Practice Urology |language=en |volume=2 |issue=6 |pages=291–297 |doi=10.1038/ncpuro0201 |pmid=16474811 |issn=1743-4289|url-access=subscription }}</ref> Genetic predisposition be supported by family clustering den linkage plus systemic fibrosing disorders such as [[Dupuytren's contracture]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Herati |first1=Amin S. |last2=Pastuszak |first2=Alexander W. |date=1 Jan 2016 |title=The Genetic Basis of Peyronie Disease: A Review |journal=Sexual Medicine Reviews |volume=4 |issue=1 |pages=85–94 |doi=10.1016/j.sxmr.2015.10.002 |issn=2050-0521 |pmc=4778255 |pmid=27872008}}</ref> Risk factors dey include age, penile injury, [[Diabetes|diabetes mellitus]], den cigarette smoking.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Carrieri |first1=M. P. |last2=Serraino |first2=D. |last3=Palmiotto |first3=F. |last4=Nucci |first4=G. |last5=Sasso |first5=F. |date=1 June 1998 |title=A case-control study on risk factors for Peyronie's disease |journal=Journal of Clinical Epidemiology |volume=51 |issue=6 |pages=511–515 |doi=10.1016/s0895-4356(98)00015-8 |issn=0895-4356 |pmid=9636000}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Bjekic |first1=Milan D. |last2=Vlajinac |first2=Hristina D. |last3=Sipetic |first3=Sandra B. |last4=Marinkovic |first4=Jelena M. |date=1 March 2003 |title=Risk factors for Peyronie's disease: a case-control study |journal=BJU International |volume=97 |issue=3 |pages=570–574 |doi=10.1111/j.1464-410X.2006.05969.x |issn=1464-4096 |pmid=16469028}}</ref> De prevalence of Peyronie's disease be projected at 1% to 20% among de general population of men increasing plus age den comorbidities such as erectile dysfunction (ED) anaa connective tissue disease. While Peyronie's disease neither be infectious nor malignant, e fi get serious negative effects on sexual health den quality of life. E be diagnosed mainly on de clinical presentation wey be supplemented by penile ultrasonography if necessary. Treatment dey depend on de phase den severity of de disease plus conservative measures (e.g., oral therapy, traction, intralesional injection) insyd de milder den stable forms to surgical intervention for de advanced anaa stable ones. Dem name de condition give French surgeon François Gigot de la Peyronie, wey insyd 1743 describe de condition.<ref name="NIH20142">{{cite web |date=July 2014 |title=Penile Curvature (Peyronie's Disease) |url=https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/urologic-diseases/penile-curvature-peyronies-disease |access-date=25 October 2017 |website=National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Levine |first1=Laurence A |year=2010 |title=Peyronie's disease and erectile dysfunction: Current understanding and future direction |journal=Indian Journal of Urology |volume=22 |issue=3 |pages=246–50 |doi=10.4103/0970-1591.27633|doi-access=free }}</ref> E be estimated to affect 1–20% of men.<ref name=":42" /><ref name="NIH20142" /><ref name=":9">{{Cite journal |last1=Moghalu |first1=O. |last2=Pastuszak |first2=A. |last3=Hotaling |first3=J. |last4=Das |first4=R. |last5=Campbell |first5=A. |last6=Horns |first6=J. |date=2021-03-01 |title=060 Regional Differences in The Incidence and Prevalence of Peyronie's Disease in The United States - Results from a Claims and Encounters Database |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1743609521000333 |journal=The Journal of Sexual Medicine |series=21st Annual Fall Scientific Meeting of SMSNA |volume=18 |issue=3, Supplement 1 |pages=S32–S33 |doi=10.1016/j.jsxm.2021.01.030 |issn=1743-6095 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> De condition cam be more common plus age.<ref name="NIH20142" /><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=DiBenedetti |first1=Dana Britt |last2=Nguyen |first2=Dat |last3=Zografos |first3=Laurie |last4=Ziemiecki |first4=Ryan |last5=Zhou |first5=Xiaolei |date=2011 |title=A Population-Based Study of Peyronie′s Disease: Prevalence and Treatment Patterns in the United States |journal=Advances in Urology |language=en |volume=2011 |issue=1 |article-number=282503 |doi=10.1155/2011/282503 |doi-access=free |issn=1687-6377 |pmc=3202120 |pmid=22110491}}</ref><ref name=":10">{{Cite journal |last1=Di Maida |first1=Fabrizio |last2=Cito |first2=Gianmartin |last3=Lambertini |first3=Luca |last4=Valastro |first4=Francesca |last5=Morelli |first5=Girolamo |last6=Mari |first6=Andrea |last7=Carini |first7=Marco |last8=Minervini |first8=Andrea |last9=Cocci |first9=Andrea |date=2021-07-01 |title=The Natural History of Peyronie's Disease |journal=The World Journal of Men's Health |language=English |volume=39 |issue=3 |pages=399–405 |doi=10.5534/wjmh.200065 |issn=2287-4208 |pmc=8255406 |pmid=32648381}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK560628/ Peyronie Disease - StatPearls] {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Peyronie's Disease}} [[Category:Dermal den subcutaneous growths]] [[Category:Diseases dem name after discoverers]] [[Category:Penis disorders]] [[Category:Human penis]] [[Category:Sexual health]] [[Category:Urology]] [[Category:Andrology]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] ey15l33rw8074stlyu81547232fkd23 14 26719 97631 2026-05-05T17:27:05Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 97631 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 0 26720 97634 2026-05-05T18:38:07Z DaSupremo 9 Created by translating the page [[:mdwiki:Special:Redirect/revision/1457432|Priapism]] to:gpe #mdwikicx 97634 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] r0gf7axtnvt68k0p85plnlehx64o08u 97635 97634 2026-05-05T18:55:21Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97635 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Priapism''' be a condition insyd wich a penis remain erect for hours insyd de absence of stimulation anaa after stimulation end.<ref name="EM20172">{{cite journal |last1=Podolej |first1=GS |last2=Babcock |first2=C |date=January 2017 |title=Emergency Department Management Of Priapism. |journal=Emergency Medicine Practice |volume=19 |issue=1 |pages=1–16 |pmid=28027457}}</ref> Der be three types: ischemic (low-flow), nonischemic (high-flow), den recurrent ischemic (intermittent).<ref name="EM20172" /> Chaw cases be ischemic.<ref name="EM20172" /> Ischemic priapism generally be painful while nonischemic priapism no be.<ref name="EM20172" /> Insyd ischemic priapism, chaw of de penis be hard; however, de glans penis no be.<ref name="EM20172" /> Insyd nonischemic priapism, de entire penis per be sam wat hard.<ref name="EM20172" /> Very rarely, clitoral priapism dey occur insyd women.<ref name=Lehmiller2014>{{cite book |first=Justin J. |last=Lehmiller |title=The Psychology of Human Sexuality |publisher=[[John Wiley & Sons]] |isbn=978-1-119-16470-8 |year=2014 |page=545 |access-date=February 8, 2018 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ytk5DwAAQBAJ&pg=PT545}}</ref> == References == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 11zo3hir8vgkdak5pjs8vjetyyuavgo 97636 97635 2026-05-05T19:03:03Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97636 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Priapism''' be a condition insyd wich a penis remain erect for hours insyd de absence of stimulation anaa after stimulation end.<ref name="EM20172">{{cite journal |last1=Podolej |first1=GS |last2=Babcock |first2=C |date=January 2017 |title=Emergency Department Management Of Priapism. |journal=Emergency Medicine Practice |volume=19 |issue=1 |pages=1–16 |pmid=28027457}}</ref> Der be three types: ischemic (low-flow), nonischemic (high-flow), den recurrent ischemic (intermittent).<ref name="EM20172" /> Chaw cases be ischemic.<ref name="EM20172" /> Ischemic priapism generally be painful while nonischemic priapism no be.<ref name="EM20172" /> Insyd ischemic priapism, chaw of de penis be hard; however, de glans penis no be.<ref name="EM20172" /> Insyd nonischemic priapism, de entire penis per be sam wat hard.<ref name="EM20172" /> Very rarely, clitoral priapism dey occur insyd women.<ref name=Lehmiller2014>{{cite book |first=Justin J. |last=Lehmiller |title=The Psychology of Human Sexuality |publisher=[[John Wiley & Sons]] |isbn=978-1-119-16470-8 |year=2014 |page=545 |access-date=February 8, 2018 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ytk5DwAAQBAJ&pg=PT545}}</ref> [[Sickle cell disease]] be de most common cause of ischemic priapism.<ref name="EM20172" /> Oda causes dey include medications such as antipsychotics, SSRIs, blood thinners den prostaglandin E1, as well as drugs such as [[cocaine]].<ref name="EM20172" /><ref>{{cite web|title=Alprostadil|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/alprostadil.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|access-date=8 January 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170116185111/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/alprostadil.html|archive-date=16 January 2017}}</ref> Ischemic priapism dey occur wen blood no dey adequately drain from de penis.<ref name="EM20172" /> Nonischemic priapism typically be secof a connection wey dey form between an artery den de corpus cavernosum anaa disruption of de parasympathetic nervous system wey dey result in increased arterial flow.<ref name="EM20172" /> Nonischemic priapism fi occur dey follow trauma to de penis anaa a spinal cord injury.<ref name="EM20172" /> Diagnosis fi be supported by blood gas analysis of blood aspirated from de penis anaa an ultrasound.<ref name="EM20172" /> == References == <references /> == External links == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] e4yl6fc039j2bdyb4ti4hvhqln4f9ml 97637 97636 2026-05-05T19:16:07Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97637 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Priapism''' be a condition insyd wich a penis remain erect for hours insyd de absence of stimulation anaa after stimulation end.<ref name="EM20172">{{cite journal |last1=Podolej |first1=GS |last2=Babcock |first2=C |date=January 2017 |title=Emergency Department Management Of Priapism. |journal=Emergency Medicine Practice |volume=19 |issue=1 |pages=1–16 |pmid=28027457}}</ref> Der be three types: ischemic (low-flow), nonischemic (high-flow), den recurrent ischemic (intermittent).<ref name="EM20172" /> Chaw cases be ischemic.<ref name="EM20172" /> Ischemic priapism generally be painful while nonischemic priapism no be.<ref name="EM20172" /> Insyd ischemic priapism, chaw of de penis be hard; however, de glans penis no be.<ref name="EM20172" /> Insyd nonischemic priapism, de entire penis per be sam wat hard.<ref name="EM20172" /> Very rarely, clitoral priapism dey occur insyd women.<ref name=Lehmiller2014>{{cite book |first=Justin J. |last=Lehmiller |title=The Psychology of Human Sexuality |publisher=[[John Wiley & Sons]] |isbn=978-1-119-16470-8 |year=2014 |page=545 |access-date=February 8, 2018 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ytk5DwAAQBAJ&pg=PT545}}</ref> [[Sickle cell disease]] be de most common cause of ischemic priapism.<ref name="EM20172" /> Oda causes dey include medications such as antipsychotics, SSRIs, blood thinners den prostaglandin E1, as well as drugs such as [[cocaine]].<ref name="EM20172" /><ref>{{cite web|title=Alprostadil|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/alprostadil.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|access-date=8 January 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170116185111/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/alprostadil.html|archive-date=16 January 2017}}</ref> Ischemic priapism dey occur wen blood no dey adequately drain from de penis.<ref name="EM20172" /> Nonischemic priapism typically be secof a connection wey dey form between an artery den de corpus cavernosum anaa disruption of de parasympathetic nervous system wey dey result in increased arterial flow.<ref name="EM20172" /> Nonischemic priapism fi occur dey follow trauma to de penis anaa a spinal cord injury.<ref name="EM20172" /> Diagnosis fi be supported by blood gas analysis of blood aspirated from de penis anaa an ultrasound.<ref name="EM20172" /> Treatment dey depend on de type.<ref name=EM2017/> Ischemic priapism typically be treated plus a nerve block of de penis followed by aspiration of blood from de corpora cavernosa.<ref name=EM2017/> If dis no be sufficient, de corpus cavernosum fi be irrigated plus cold, normal saline anaa dem inject plus phenylephrine.<ref name=EM2017/> Nonischemic priapism often be treated plus cold packs den compression.<ref name=EM2017/> Surgery fi be done if usual measures no be effective.<ref name=EM2017/> Insyd ischemic priapism, de risk of permanent scarring of de penis begin to increase after four hours den definitely occur after 48 hours.<ref name=EM2017/><ref>{{cite book|last1=Salam|first1=Muhammad A.|title=Principles & Practice of Urology: A Comprehensive Text|date=2003|publisher=Universal-Publishers|isbn=978-1-58112-411-8|page=342|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QPSWilXhECkC&pg=PA342|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170427100327/https://books.google.ca/books?id=QPSWilXhECkC&pg=PA342|archive-date=2017-04-27}}</ref> Priapism dey occur insyd about 1 insyd 20,000 to 1 insyd 100,000 males per year.<ref name="EM2017">{{cite journal |last1=Podolej |first1=GS |last2=Babcock |first2=C |date=January 2017 |title=Emergency Department Management Of Priapism. |journal=Emergency Medicine Practice |volume=19 |issue=1 |pages=1–16 |pmid=28027457}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] fvoh97x4axkq7r9iq68u9oe79mpqsmi 97638 97637 2026-05-05T19:19:53Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97638 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Priapism''' be a condition insyd wich a penis remain erect for hours insyd de absence of stimulation anaa after stimulation end.<ref name="EM20172">{{cite journal |last1=Podolej |first1=GS |last2=Babcock |first2=C |date=January 2017 |title=Emergency Department Management Of Priapism. |journal=Emergency Medicine Practice |volume=19 |issue=1 |pages=1–16 |pmid=28027457}}</ref> Der be three types: ischemic (low-flow), nonischemic (high-flow), den recurrent ischemic (intermittent).<ref name="EM20172" /> Chaw cases be ischemic.<ref name="EM20172" /> Ischemic priapism generally be painful while nonischemic priapism no be.<ref name="EM20172" /> Insyd ischemic priapism, chaw of de penis be hard; however, de glans penis no be.<ref name="EM20172" /> Insyd nonischemic priapism, de entire penis per be sam wat hard.<ref name="EM20172" /> Very rarely, clitoral priapism dey occur insyd women.<ref name=Lehmiller2014>{{cite book |first=Justin J. |last=Lehmiller |title=The Psychology of Human Sexuality |publisher=[[John Wiley & Sons]] |isbn=978-1-119-16470-8 |year=2014 |page=545 |access-date=February 8, 2018 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ytk5DwAAQBAJ&pg=PT545}}</ref> [[Sickle cell disease]] be de most common cause of ischemic priapism.<ref name="EM20172" /> Oda causes dey include medications such as antipsychotics, SSRIs, blood thinners den prostaglandin E1, as well as drugs such as [[cocaine]].<ref name="EM20172" /><ref>{{cite web|title=Alprostadil|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/alprostadil.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|access-date=8 January 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170116185111/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/alprostadil.html|archive-date=16 January 2017}}</ref> Ischemic priapism dey occur wen blood no dey adequately drain from de penis.<ref name="EM20172" /> Nonischemic priapism typically be secof a connection wey dey form between an artery den de corpus cavernosum anaa disruption of de parasympathetic nervous system wey dey result in increased arterial flow.<ref name="EM20172" /> Nonischemic priapism fi occur dey follow trauma to de penis anaa a spinal cord injury.<ref name="EM20172" /> Diagnosis fi be supported by blood gas analysis of blood aspirated from de penis anaa an ultrasound.<ref name="EM20172" /> Treatment dey depend on de type.<ref name=EM2017/> Ischemic priapism typically be treated plus a nerve block of de penis followed by aspiration of blood from de corpora cavernosa.<ref name=EM2017/> If dis no be sufficient, de corpus cavernosum fi be irrigated plus cold, normal saline anaa dem inject plus phenylephrine.<ref name=EM2017/> Nonischemic priapism often be treated plus cold packs den compression.<ref name=EM2017/> Surgery fi be done if usual measures no be effective.<ref name=EM2017/> Insyd ischemic priapism, de risk of permanent scarring of de penis begin to increase after four hours den definitely occur after 48 hours.<ref name=EM2017/><ref>{{cite book|last1=Salam|first1=Muhammad A.|title=Principles & Practice of Urology: A Comprehensive Text|date=2003|publisher=Universal-Publishers|isbn=978-1-58112-411-8|page=342|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QPSWilXhECkC&pg=PA342|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170427100327/https://books.google.ca/books?id=QPSWilXhECkC&pg=PA342|archive-date=2017-04-27}}</ref> Priapism dey occur insyd about 1 insyd 20,000 to 1 insyd 100,000 males per year.<ref name="EM2017">{{cite journal |last1=Podolej |first1=GS |last2=Babcock |first2=C |date=January 2017 |title=Emergency Department Management Of Priapism. |journal=Emergency Medicine Practice |volume=19 |issue=1 |pages=1–16 |pmid=28027457}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * [http://www.auanet.org/education/guidelines/priapism.cfm Guideline on the Management of Priapism (2003)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140521181122/http://www.auanet.org/education/guidelines/priapism.cfm |date=2014-05-21 }} - American Urological Association website - [https://web.archive.org/web/20140521195552/http://www.auanet.org/common/pdf/education/clinical-guidance/Priapism.pdf The unabridged 275-page version of this guideline.] [[Category:Priapism| ]] [[Category:Penis disorders]] [[Category:Medical emergencies]] [[Category:Sexual health]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] dynru50l8ibznem73iaj0bks9tmhit6 97639 97638 2026-05-05T19:22:00Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97639 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Priapism''' be a condition insyd wich a penis remain erect for hours insyd de absence of stimulation anaa after stimulation end.<ref name="EM20172">{{cite journal |last1=Podolej |first1=GS |last2=Babcock |first2=C |date=January 2017 |title=Emergency Department Management Of Priapism. |journal=Emergency Medicine Practice |volume=19 |issue=1 |pages=1–16 |pmid=28027457}}</ref> Der be three types: ischemic (low-flow), nonischemic (high-flow), den recurrent ischemic (intermittent).<ref name="EM20172" /> Chaw cases be ischemic.<ref name="EM20172" /> Ischemic priapism generally be painful while nonischemic priapism no be.<ref name="EM20172" /> Insyd ischemic priapism, chaw of de penis be hard; however, de glans penis no be.<ref name="EM20172" /> Insyd nonischemic priapism, de entire penis per be sam wat hard.<ref name="EM20172" /> Very rarely, clitoral priapism dey occur insyd women.<ref name=Lehmiller2014>{{cite book |first=Justin J. |last=Lehmiller |title=The Psychology of Human Sexuality |publisher=[[John Wiley & Sons]] |isbn=978-1-119-16470-8 |year=2014 |page=545 |access-date=February 8, 2018 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ytk5DwAAQBAJ&pg=PT545}}</ref> [[Sickle cell disease]] be de most common cause of ischemic priapism.<ref name="EM20172" /> Oda causes dey include medications such as antipsychotics, SSRIs, blood thinners den prostaglandin E1, as well as drugs such as [[cocaine]].<ref name="EM20172" /><ref>{{cite web|title=Alprostadil|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/alprostadil.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|access-date=8 January 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170116185111/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/alprostadil.html|archive-date=16 January 2017}}</ref> Ischemic priapism dey occur wen blood no dey adequately drain from de penis.<ref name="EM20172" /> Nonischemic priapism typically be secof a connection wey dey form between an artery den de corpus cavernosum anaa disruption of de parasympathetic nervous system wey dey result in increased arterial flow.<ref name="EM20172" /> Nonischemic priapism fi occur dey follow trauma to de penis anaa a spinal cord injury.<ref name="EM20172" /> Diagnosis fi be supported by blood gas analysis of blood aspirated from de penis anaa an ultrasound.<ref name="EM20172" /> Treatment dey depend on de type.<ref name=EM2017/> Ischemic priapism typically be treated plus a nerve block of de penis followed by aspiration of blood from de corpora cavernosa.<ref name=EM2017/> If dis no be sufficient, de corpus cavernosum fi be irrigated plus cold, normal saline anaa dem inject plus phenylephrine.<ref name=EM2017/> Nonischemic priapism often be treated plus cold packs den compression.<ref name=EM2017/> Surgery fi be done if usual measures no be effective.<ref name=EM2017/> Insyd ischemic priapism, de risk of permanent scarring of de penis begin to increase after four hours den definitely occur after 48 hours.<ref name=EM2017/><ref>{{cite book|last1=Salam|first1=Muhammad A.|title=Principles & Practice of Urology: A Comprehensive Text|date=2003|publisher=Universal-Publishers|isbn=978-1-58112-411-8|page=342|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QPSWilXhECkC&pg=PA342|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170427100327/https://books.google.ca/books?id=QPSWilXhECkC&pg=PA342|archive-date=2017-04-27}}</ref> Priapism dey occur insyd about 1 insyd 20,000 to 1 insyd 100,000 males per year.<ref name="EM2017">{{cite journal |last1=Podolej |first1=GS |last2=Babcock |first2=C |date=January 2017 |title=Emergency Department Management Of Priapism. |journal=Emergency Medicine Practice |volume=19 |issue=1 |pages=1–16 |pmid=28027457}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * [http://www.auanet.org/education/guidelines/priapism.cfm Guideline on the Management of Priapism (2003)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140521181122/http://www.auanet.org/education/guidelines/priapism.cfm |date=2014-05-21 }} - American Urological Association website - [https://web.archive.org/web/20140521195552/http://www.auanet.org/common/pdf/education/clinical-guidance/Priapism.pdf The unabridged 275-page version of this guideline.] [[Category:Priapism| ]] [[Category:Penis disorders]] [[Category:Medical emergencies]] [[Category:Sexual health]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] [[Category:Men's health]] 0nyu61y0e6im73goq09tezwppnz103j 14 26721 97640 2026-05-05T19:46:42Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 97640 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 0 26722 97641 2026-05-05T19:48:37Z DaSupremo 9 Created by translating the page [[:mdwiki:Special:Redirect/revision/1457991|Loratadine]] to:gpe #mdwikicx 97641 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] r0gf7axtnvt68k0p85plnlehx64o08u 97642 97641 2026-05-05T19:52:05Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97642 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Loratadine''', dem sell under de brand name '''Claritin''' among odas, be a medication dem use to treat allergies.<ref name=AHFS2016/> Dis dey include allergic rhinitis (hay fever) den hives.<ref name=AHFS2016/> E sanso be available insyd drug combinations such as loratadine/pseudoephedrine, insyd wich e be combined plus [[pseudoephedrine]], a nasal decongestant.<ref name=AHFS2016/> Dem dey take am orally.<ref name=AHFS2016>{{cite web|title=Loratadine|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/loratadine.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|access-date=8 December 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221001703/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/loratadine.html|archive-date=21 December 2016}}</ref> == References == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] <references /> == External links == mk3x50frq8stv0cvqtdut518qb0igsa 97643 97642 2026-05-05T19:53:58Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97643 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Loratadine''', dem sell under de brand name '''Claritin''' among odas, be a medication dem use to treat allergies.<ref name=AHFS2016/> Dis dey include allergic rhinitis (hay fever) den hives.<ref name=AHFS2016/> E sanso be available insyd drug combinations such as loratadine/pseudoephedrine, insyd wich e be combined plus [[pseudoephedrine]], a nasal decongestant.<ref name=AHFS2016/> Dem dey take am orally.<ref name=AHFS2016>{{cite web|title=Loratadine|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/loratadine.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|access-date=8 December 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221001703/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/loratadine.html|archive-date=21 December 2016}}</ref> Common side effects dey include sleepiness, dry mouth, den headache.<ref name=AHFS2016/> Serious side effects be rare den dey include allergic reactions, seizures, den liver problems.<ref name=ERC2015/> Ein use during [[pregnancy]] appear to be safe buh e no be well studied.<ref name="Drugs.com pregnancy">{{cite web|title=Loratadine Use During Pregnancy |url=https://www.drugs.com/pregnancy/loratadine.html|website=www.drugs.com|access-date=13 December 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221001209/https://www.drugs.com/pregnancy/loratadine.html|archive-date=21 December 2016}}</ref> E no be recommended insyd kiddies less dan two years old.<ref name=ERC2015>{{cite web|title=Clarityn Allergy 10mg Tablets (P) - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC) - (eMC)|url=https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/medicine/29550|date=7 October 2015|website=www.medicines.org.uk|access-date=13 December 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220173725/https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/medicine/29550|archive-date=20 December 2016}}</ref> E dey insyd de second-generation antihistamine family of medications.<ref name=AHFS2016/> == References == <references /> == External links == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] tn0jqcdtvps0ov9ou4kot79vuknk4uo 97644 97643 2026-05-05T19:57:19Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97644 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Loratadine''', dem sell under de brand name '''Claritin''' among odas, be a medication dem use to treat allergies.<ref name=AHFS2016/> Dis dey include allergic rhinitis (hay fever) den hives.<ref name=AHFS2016/> E sanso be available insyd drug combinations such as loratadine/pseudoephedrine, insyd wich e be combined plus [[pseudoephedrine]], a nasal decongestant.<ref name=AHFS2016/> Dem dey take am orally.<ref name=AHFS2016>{{cite web|title=Loratadine|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/loratadine.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|access-date=8 December 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221001703/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/loratadine.html|archive-date=21 December 2016}}</ref> Common side effects dey include sleepiness, dry mouth, den headache.<ref name=AHFS2016/> Serious side effects be rare den dey include allergic reactions, seizures, den liver problems.<ref name=ERC2015/> Ein use during [[pregnancy]] appear to be safe buh e no be well studied.<ref name="Drugs.com pregnancy">{{cite web|title=Loratadine Use During Pregnancy |url=https://www.drugs.com/pregnancy/loratadine.html|website=www.drugs.com|access-date=13 December 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221001209/https://www.drugs.com/pregnancy/loratadine.html|archive-date=21 December 2016}}</ref> E no be recommended insyd kiddies less dan two years old.<ref name=ERC2015>{{cite web|title=Clarityn Allergy 10mg Tablets (P) - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC) - (eMC)|url=https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/medicine/29550|date=7 October 2015|website=www.medicines.org.uk|access-date=13 December 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220173725/https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/medicine/29550|archive-date=20 December 2016}}</ref> E dey insyd de second-generation antihistamine family of medications.<ref name=AHFS2016/> Dem patent loratadine insyd 1980 wey e cam to market insyd 1988.<ref name=Fis2006>{{cite book | vauthors = Fischer J, Ganellin CR |title=Analogue-based Drug Discovery |date=2006 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=9783527607495 |page=549 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FjKfqkaKkAAC&pg=PA549 }}</ref> E dey on de World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.<ref name="WHO21st">{{cite book | vauthors = ((World Health Organization)) | title = World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019 | year = 2019 | hdl = 10665/325771 | author-link = World Health Organization | publisher = World Health Organization | location = Geneva | id = WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO | hdl-access=free }}</ref> Loratadine be available as a generic medication.<ref name=AHFS2016/><ref>{{cite web | title=Competitive Generic Therapy Approvals | website=U.S. [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) | date=3 March 2023 | url=https://www.fda.gov/drugs/generic-drugs/competitive-generic-therapy-approvals | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220015057/https://www.fda.gov/drugs/generic-drugs/competitive-generic-therapy-approvals | url-status=dead | archive-date=20 February 2020 | access-date=6 March 2023}}</ref> Insyd de [[United States]], e be available over de counter.<ref name=AHFS2016/> Insyd 2023, na e be de 105th most commonly prescribed medication insyd de United States, plus more dan 6{{nbsp}}million prescriptions;<ref name="Top300Drugs">{{cite web | title=Top 300 of 2023 | url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx | website=ClinCalc | access-date=12 August 2025 | archive-date=12 August 2025 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250812130026/https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title = Loratadine Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2014 - 2023 | website = ClinCalc | url = https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/Loratadine | access-date = 18 August 2025 }}</ref> den de combination plus [[pseudoephedrine]] be de 300th most commonly prescribed medication insyd de United States, plus more dan 400,000 prescriptions.<ref>{{cite web | title = Loratadine; Pseudoephedrine Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2014 - 2023 | website = ClinCalc | url = https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/LoratadinePseudoephedrine | access-date = 18 August 2025 }}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] ahvcatbqpxgsves801fls13qtndjxzr 97645 97644 2026-05-05T19:59:38Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97645 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Loratadine''', dem sell under de brand name '''Claritin''' among odas, be a medication dem use to treat allergies.<ref name=AHFS2016/> Dis dey include allergic rhinitis (hay fever) den hives.<ref name=AHFS2016/> E sanso be available insyd drug combinations such as loratadine/pseudoephedrine, insyd wich e be combined plus [[pseudoephedrine]], a nasal decongestant.<ref name=AHFS2016/> Dem dey take am orally.<ref name=AHFS2016>{{cite web|title=Loratadine|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/loratadine.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|access-date=8 December 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221001703/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/loratadine.html|archive-date=21 December 2016}}</ref> Common side effects dey include sleepiness, dry mouth, den headache.<ref name=AHFS2016/> Serious side effects be rare den dey include allergic reactions, seizures, den liver problems.<ref name=ERC2015/> Ein use during [[pregnancy]] appear to be safe buh e no be well studied.<ref name="Drugs.com pregnancy">{{cite web|title=Loratadine Use During Pregnancy |url=https://www.drugs.com/pregnancy/loratadine.html|website=www.drugs.com|access-date=13 December 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221001209/https://www.drugs.com/pregnancy/loratadine.html|archive-date=21 December 2016}}</ref> E no be recommended insyd kiddies less dan two years old.<ref name=ERC2015>{{cite web|title=Clarityn Allergy 10mg Tablets (P) - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC) - (eMC)|url=https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/medicine/29550|date=7 October 2015|website=www.medicines.org.uk|access-date=13 December 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220173725/https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/medicine/29550|archive-date=20 December 2016}}</ref> E dey insyd de second-generation antihistamine family of medications.<ref name=AHFS2016/> Dem patent loratadine insyd 1980 wey e cam to market insyd 1988.<ref name=Fis2006>{{cite book | vauthors = Fischer J, Ganellin CR |title=Analogue-based Drug Discovery |date=2006 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=9783527607495 |page=549 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FjKfqkaKkAAC&pg=PA549 }}</ref> E dey on de World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.<ref name="WHO21st">{{cite book | vauthors = ((World Health Organization)) | title = World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019 | year = 2019 | hdl = 10665/325771 | author-link = World Health Organization | publisher = World Health Organization | location = Geneva | id = WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO | hdl-access=free }}</ref> Loratadine be available as a generic medication.<ref name=AHFS2016/><ref>{{cite web | title=Competitive Generic Therapy Approvals | website=U.S. [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) | date=3 March 2023 | url=https://www.fda.gov/drugs/generic-drugs/competitive-generic-therapy-approvals | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220015057/https://www.fda.gov/drugs/generic-drugs/competitive-generic-therapy-approvals | url-status=dead | archive-date=20 February 2020 | access-date=6 March 2023}}</ref> Insyd de [[United States]], e be available over de counter.<ref name=AHFS2016/> Insyd 2023, na e be de 105th most commonly prescribed medication insyd de United States, plus more dan 6{{nbsp}}million prescriptions;<ref name="Top300Drugs">{{cite web | title=Top 300 of 2023 | url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx | website=ClinCalc | access-date=12 August 2025 | archive-date=12 August 2025 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250812130026/https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title = Loratadine Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2014 - 2023 | website = ClinCalc | url = https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/Loratadine | access-date = 18 August 2025 }}</ref> den de combination plus [[pseudoephedrine]] be de 300th most commonly prescribed medication insyd de United States, plus more dan 400,000 prescriptions.<ref>{{cite web | title = Loratadine; Pseudoephedrine Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2014 - 2023 | website = ClinCalc | url = https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/LoratadinePseudoephedrine | access-date = 18 August 2025 }}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} [[Category:1988 introductions]] [[Category:Benzocycloheptapyridines]] [[Category:Carbamates]] [[Category:Chloroarenes]] [[Category:H1 receptor antagonists]] [[Category:Peripherally selective drugs]] [[Category:Piperidines]] [[Category:Drugs wey Schering-Plough develop]] [[Category:Ethyl esters]] [[Category:Over-the-counter drugs insyd de United States]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] bnhsax8ndzf94itwnzzp8w212v7j2rc 14 26723 97646 2026-05-05T20:00:01Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 97646 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 14 26724 97647 2026-05-05T20:00:10Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 97647 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 14 26725 97651 2026-05-05T21:54:32Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 97651 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 0 26726 97652 2026-05-05T21:57:48Z DaSupremo 9 Created by translating the page [[:mdwiki:Special:Redirect/revision/1459299|Tachycardia]] to:gpe #mdwikicx 97652 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] r0gf7axtnvt68k0p85plnlehx64o08u 97653 97652 2026-05-05T22:11:36Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97653 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tachycardia''', dem sanso call '''tachyarrhythmia''', be a heart rate wey dey exceed de normal resting rate.<ref name=Ware2006 /> In general, a resting heart rate over 100 beats per minute be accepted as tachycardia insyd adults.<ref name="Ware2006">{{cite book| vauthors = Awtry EH, Jeon C, Ware MG | chapter = Tachyarrhythmias |title=Blueprints Cardiology |date=2006 |publisher= Blackwell |location=Malden, Mass. |isbn=9781405104647 |page=93|edition=2nd| chapter-url = https://books.google.com/books?id=s3UBLYEWUxwC&pg=PA93 }}</ref> Heart rates above de resting rate fi be normal (such as plus exercise) anaa abnormal (such as plus electrical problems within de heart). == References == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] <references /> == External links == dmrkmpcaguqbtrh8d1oy9xmfifb3pwi 97654 97653 2026-05-05T22:17:04Z DaSupremo 9 /* Causes */ Improve article 97654 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tachycardia''', dem sanso call '''tachyarrhythmia''', be a heart rate wey dey exceed de normal resting rate.<ref name=Ware2006 /> In general, a resting heart rate over 100 beats per minute be accepted as tachycardia insyd adults.<ref name="Ware2006">{{cite book| vauthors = Awtry EH, Jeon C, Ware MG | chapter = Tachyarrhythmias |title=Blueprints Cardiology |date=2006 |publisher= Blackwell |location=Malden, Mass. |isbn=9781405104647 |page=93|edition=2nd| chapter-url = https://books.google.com/books?id=s3UBLYEWUxwC&pg=PA93 }}</ref> Heart rates above de resting rate fi be normal (such as plus exercise) anaa abnormal (such as plus electrical problems within de heart). ==Causes== Sam causes of tachycardia dey include:<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.lecturio.com/concepts/supraventricular-tachycardias/ | title= Supraventricular Tachycardias | website= The Lecturio Medical Concept Library | date= 9 September 2020 |access-date= 2 July 2021}}</ref> {{div col|colwidth=18em}} * Adrenergic storm * Anaemia * Anxiety * [[Atrial fibrillation]] * Atrial flutter * Atrial tachycardia * Atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia * AV nodal reentrant tachycardia * Brugada syndrome * Circulatory shock den ein various causes (obstructive shock, cardiogenic shock, hypovolemic shock, distributive shock) * Dehydration * Dysautonomia * Exercise * Fear * [[Hypoglycemia]] * Hypovolemia * Hyperthyroidism * Hyperventilation * Inappropriate sinus tachycardia * Junctional tachycardia * Metabolic myopathy * Multifocal atrial tachycardia * Pacemaker mediated * Pain * [[Panic attack]] * Pheochromocytoma * Sinus tachycardia * Sleep deprivation<ref name=sleeptachy>{{cite journal | vauthors = Rangaraj VR, Knutson KL | title = Association between sleep deficiency and cardiometabolic disease: implications for health disparities | journal = Sleep Medicine | volume = 18 | pages = 19–35 | date = February 2016 | pmid = 26431758 | pmc = 4758899 | doi = 10.1016/j.sleep.2015.02.535 }}</ref> * Supraventricular tachycardia * Ventricular tachycardia * Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome Drug related: * Alcohol (ethanol) intoxication * Stimulants * Cannabis * [[Drug withdrawal]] * Tricyclic antidepressants * Nefopam * Opioids (rare) {{div col end}} == References == <references /> == External links == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 4t133znoli2wkuz6q8vdt5sea015ek0 97655 97654 2026-05-05T22:19:11Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97655 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tachycardia''', dem sanso call '''tachyarrhythmia''', be a heart rate wey dey exceed de normal resting rate.<ref name=Ware2006 /> In general, a resting heart rate over 100 beats per minute be accepted as tachycardia insyd adults.<ref name="Ware2006">{{cite book| vauthors = Awtry EH, Jeon C, Ware MG | chapter = Tachyarrhythmias |title=Blueprints Cardiology |date=2006 |publisher= Blackwell |location=Malden, Mass. |isbn=9781405104647 |page=93|edition=2nd| chapter-url = https://books.google.com/books?id=s3UBLYEWUxwC&pg=PA93 }}</ref> Heart rates above de resting rate fi be normal (such as plus exercise) anaa abnormal (such as plus electrical problems within de heart). ==Causes== Sam causes of tachycardia dey include:<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.lecturio.com/concepts/supraventricular-tachycardias/ | title= Supraventricular Tachycardias | website= The Lecturio Medical Concept Library | date= 9 September 2020 |access-date= 2 July 2021}}</ref> {{div col|colwidth=18em}} * Adrenergic storm * Anaemia * Anxiety * [[Atrial fibrillation]] * Atrial flutter * Atrial tachycardia * Atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia * AV nodal reentrant tachycardia * Brugada syndrome * Circulatory shock den ein various causes (obstructive shock, cardiogenic shock, hypovolemic shock, distributive shock) * Dehydration * Dysautonomia * Exercise * Fear * [[Hypoglycemia]] * Hypovolemia * Hyperthyroidism * Hyperventilation * Inappropriate sinus tachycardia * Junctional tachycardia * Metabolic myopathy * Multifocal atrial tachycardia * Pacemaker mediated * Pain * [[Panic attack]] * Pheochromocytoma * Sinus tachycardia * Sleep deprivation<ref name=sleeptachy>{{cite journal | vauthors = Rangaraj VR, Knutson KL | title = Association between sleep deficiency and cardiometabolic disease: implications for health disparities | journal = Sleep Medicine | volume = 18 | pages = 19–35 | date = February 2016 | pmid = 26431758 | pmc = 4758899 | doi = 10.1016/j.sleep.2015.02.535 }}</ref> * Supraventricular tachycardia * Ventricular tachycardia * Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome Drug related: * Alcohol (ethanol) intoxication * Stimulants * Cannabis * [[Drug withdrawal]] * Tricyclic antidepressants * Nefopam * Opioids (rare) {{div col end}} == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Cardiac arrhythmia]] [[Category:Symptoms den signs: Cardiac]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] oe33lv39eh4d60c0g1tmqnlonxsx1u0 14 26727 97656 2026-05-05T22:19:36Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 97656 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 0 26728 97657 2026-05-05T22:22:14Z DaSupremo 9 Created by translating the page [[:mdwiki:Special:Redirect/revision/1457329|Restless legs syndrome]] to:gpe #mdwikicx 97657 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] r0gf7axtnvt68k0p85plnlehx64o08u 97658 97657 2026-05-05T23:28:16Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97658 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Restless legs syndrome''' ('''RLS'''), dem sanso know as '''Willis–Ekbom disease''' ('''WED'''), be a neurological disorder, usually chronic, wey dey cause an overwhelming urge to move one ein legs.<ref name="NIH2010What">{{cite web |date=November 1, 2010 |title=What Is Restless Legs Syndrome? |url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/rls/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160821190844/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/rls/ |archive-date=21 August 2016 |access-date=19 August 2016 |website=Health Topics |publisher=[[NHLBI]]}} ----As of Jan 2026, there is no longer a stand-alone article for RLS; rather, it appears to have been rolled into several different sleep disorder-related topics.</ref><ref name="NIH2019">{{cite web |date=7 April 2025 |title=Restless Legs Syndrome Information Page |url=https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/restless-legs-syndrome |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250411000140/https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/restless-legs-syndrome |archive-date=11 April 2025 |access-date=29 January 2026 |website=Health Information |publisher=[[National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke]]}}</ref> Der often be an unpleasant feeling insyd de legs wey dey improve temporarily by moving dem.<ref name="NIH2010What" /> Dis feeling often be described as aching, tingling, anaa crawling in nature.<ref name="NIH2010What" /> Occasionally, arms sanso fi be affected.<ref name="NIH2010What" /> De feelings generally dey happen wen at rest den therefore fi make am hard to sleep.<ref name="NIH2010What" /> Sleep disruption fi leave people plus RLS sleepy during de day, plus low energy, den irritable anaa depressed.<ref name="NIH2010What" /> Additionally, chaw get limb twitching during sleep, a condition dem know as periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD).<ref name="NIH2010Sym">{{cite web|title=What Are the Signs and Symptoms of Restless Legs Syndrome?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/rls/signs|website=NHLBI|access-date=19 August 2016|date=November 1, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160827200314/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/rls/signs|archive-date=27 August 2016}}</ref> RLS no be de same as habitual foot-tapping anaa leg-rocking.<ref name=":52">{{cite journal |vauthors=Allen RP, Picchietti DL, [[Diego García-Borreguero|Garcia-Borreguero D]], Ondo WG, [[Arthur Scott Walters|Walters AS]], Winkelman JW, Zucconi M, Ferri R, Trenkwalder C, Lee HB |date=August 2014 |others=Additional contributions from the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group |title=Restless legs syndrome/Willis–Ekbom disease diagnostic criteria: updated International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group (IRLSSG) consensus criteria – history, rationale, description, and significance |url=https://publications.goettingen-research-online.de/bitstream/2/32750/2/1-s2.0-S1389945714001907-main.pdf |journal=Sleep Medicine |volume=15 |issue=8 |pages=860–873 |doi=10.1016/j.sleep.2014.03.025 |pmid=25023924 |access-date=2022-04-09 |via=Götingen Research Online Publications}}</ref> == References == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] <references /> == External links == 3xsyqpevokedypylh014z8lf5iklnzw 97660 97658 2026-05-05T23:32:13Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97660 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Restless legs syndrome''' ('''RLS'''), dem sanso know as '''Willis–Ekbom disease''' ('''WED'''), be a neurological disorder, usually chronic, wey dey cause an overwhelming urge to move one ein legs.<ref name="NIH2010What">{{cite web |date=November 1, 2010 |title=What Is Restless Legs Syndrome? |url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/rls/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160821190844/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/rls/ |archive-date=21 August 2016 |access-date=19 August 2016 |website=Health Topics |publisher=[[NHLBI]]}} ----As of Jan 2026, there is no longer a stand-alone article for RLS; rather, it appears to have been rolled into several different sleep disorder-related topics.</ref><ref name="NIH2019">{{cite web |date=7 April 2025 |title=Restless Legs Syndrome Information Page |url=https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/restless-legs-syndrome |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250411000140/https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/restless-legs-syndrome |archive-date=11 April 2025 |access-date=29 January 2026 |website=Health Information |publisher=[[National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke]]}}</ref> Der often be an unpleasant feeling insyd de legs wey dey improve temporarily by moving dem.<ref name="NIH2010What" /> Dis feeling often be described as aching, tingling, anaa crawling in nature.<ref name="NIH2010What" /> Occasionally, arms sanso fi be affected.<ref name="NIH2010What" /> De feelings generally dey happen wen at rest den therefore fi make am hard to sleep.<ref name="NIH2010What" /> Sleep disruption fi leave people plus RLS sleepy during de day, plus low energy, den irritable anaa depressed.<ref name="NIH2010What" /> Additionally, chaw get limb twitching during sleep, a condition dem know as periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD).<ref name="NIH2010Sym">{{cite web|title=What Are the Signs and Symptoms of Restless Legs Syndrome?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/rls/signs|website=NHLBI|access-date=19 August 2016|date=November 1, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160827200314/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/rls/signs|archive-date=27 August 2016}}</ref> RLS no be de same as habitual foot-tapping anaa leg-rocking.<ref name=":52">{{cite journal |vauthors=Allen RP, Picchietti DL, [[Diego García-Borreguero|Garcia-Borreguero D]], Ondo WG, [[Arthur Scott Walters|Walters AS]], Winkelman JW, Zucconi M, Ferri R, Trenkwalder C, Lee HB |date=August 2014 |others=Additional contributions from the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group |title=Restless legs syndrome/Willis–Ekbom disease diagnostic criteria: updated International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group (IRLSSG) consensus criteria – history, rationale, description, and significance |url=https://publications.goettingen-research-online.de/bitstream/2/32750/2/1-s2.0-S1389945714001907-main.pdf |journal=Sleep Medicine |volume=15 |issue=8 |pages=860–873 |doi=10.1016/j.sleep.2014.03.025 |pmid=25023924 |access-date=2022-04-09 |via=Götingen Research Online Publications}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q916280|c=Category:Restless leg syndrome|n=no|q=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=Restless leg syndrome|species=no}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Restless Legs Syndrome}} [[Category:Extrapyramidal den movement disorders]] [[Category:Sleep disorders]] [[Category:Syndromes]] [[Category:Sleep-related movement disorders]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] iprmmbc6nwd6n8zdr6xt34w01w694s3 97662 97660 2026-05-05T23:35:09Z DaSupremo 9 Add category 97662 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Restless legs syndrome''' ('''RLS'''), dem sanso know as '''Willis–Ekbom disease''' ('''WED'''), be a neurological disorder, usually chronic, wey dey cause an overwhelming urge to move one ein legs.<ref name="NIH2010What">{{cite web |date=November 1, 2010 |title=What Is Restless Legs Syndrome? |url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/rls/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160821190844/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/rls/ |archive-date=21 August 2016 |access-date=19 August 2016 |website=Health Topics |publisher=[[NHLBI]]}} ----As of Jan 2026, there is no longer a stand-alone article for RLS; rather, it appears to have been rolled into several different sleep disorder-related topics.</ref><ref name="NIH2019">{{cite web |date=7 April 2025 |title=Restless Legs Syndrome Information Page |url=https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/restless-legs-syndrome |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250411000140/https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/restless-legs-syndrome |archive-date=11 April 2025 |access-date=29 January 2026 |website=Health Information |publisher=[[National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke]]}}</ref> Der often be an unpleasant feeling insyd de legs wey dey improve temporarily by moving dem.<ref name="NIH2010What" /> Dis feeling often be described as aching, tingling, anaa crawling in nature.<ref name="NIH2010What" /> Occasionally, arms sanso fi be affected.<ref name="NIH2010What" /> De feelings generally dey happen wen at rest den therefore fi make am hard to sleep.<ref name="NIH2010What" /> Sleep disruption fi leave people plus RLS sleepy during de day, plus low energy, den irritable anaa depressed.<ref name="NIH2010What" /> Additionally, chaw get limb twitching during sleep, a condition dem know as periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD).<ref name="NIH2010Sym">{{cite web|title=What Are the Signs and Symptoms of Restless Legs Syndrome?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/rls/signs|website=NHLBI|access-date=19 August 2016|date=November 1, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160827200314/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/rls/signs|archive-date=27 August 2016}}</ref> RLS no be de same as habitual foot-tapping anaa leg-rocking.<ref name=":52">{{cite journal |vauthors=Allen RP, Picchietti DL, [[Diego García-Borreguero|Garcia-Borreguero D]], Ondo WG, [[Arthur Scott Walters|Walters AS]], Winkelman JW, Zucconi M, Ferri R, Trenkwalder C, Lee HB |date=August 2014 |others=Additional contributions from the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group |title=Restless legs syndrome/Willis–Ekbom disease diagnostic criteria: updated International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group (IRLSSG) consensus criteria – history, rationale, description, and significance |url=https://publications.goettingen-research-online.de/bitstream/2/32750/2/1-s2.0-S1389945714001907-main.pdf |journal=Sleep Medicine |volume=15 |issue=8 |pages=860–873 |doi=10.1016/j.sleep.2014.03.025 |pmid=25023924 |access-date=2022-04-09 |via=Götingen Research Online Publications}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q916280|c=Category:Restless leg syndrome|n=no|q=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=Restless leg syndrome|species=no}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Restless Legs Syndrome}} [[Category:Extrapyramidal den movement disorders]] [[Category:Sleep disorders]] [[Category:Syndromes]] [[Category:Sleep-related movement disorders]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] [[Category:Diseases dem name after discoverers]] mfxrexbxo3arbyt2g18wneqjuauiktv 1 26729 97659 2026-05-05T23:29:56Z Varlaam 5836 /* Double space */ new section 97659 wikitext text/x-wiki == Double space == OECD. 2022. – ([http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/economics/oecd-economic-surveys-canada_19990081 Previous surveys]) :Please delete the 2nd space. [[User:Varlaam|Varlaam]] ([[User talk:Varlaam|talk]]) 23:29, 5 May 2026 (GMT) aphx4fw10m78pv6o46awnam0ukknoka 14 26730 97661 2026-05-05T23:34:54Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 97661 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 0 26731 97663 2026-05-05T23:36:30Z DaSupremo 9 Created by translating the page [[:mdwiki:Special:Redirect/revision/1478387|Fexofenadine]] to:gpe #mdwikicx 97663 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] r0gf7axtnvt68k0p85plnlehx64o08u 97664 97663 2026-05-05T23:49:20Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97664 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Fexofenadine''', dem sell under de brand name '''Allegra''' among odas,<ref name="Brands2">{{cite web |title=Fexofenadine - international brand names |url=https://www.drugs.com/international/fexofenadine.html |access-date=18 January 2017 |publisher=Drugs.com}}</ref> be an antihistamine medication dem use insyd de treatment of allergy symptoms such as allergic rhinitis den urticaria.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Bachert C | title = A review of the efficacy of desloratadine, fexofenadine, and levocetirizine in the treatment of nasal congestion in patients with allergic rhinitis | journal = Clinical Therapeutics | volume = 31 | issue = 5 | pages = 921–944 | date = May 2009 | pmid = 19539095 | doi = 10.1016/j.clinthera.2009.05.017 }}</ref> == References == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] <references /> == External links == jv0btjwz1i2xgyps5rt42l0y77lp02b 97665 97664 2026-05-05T23:51:52Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97665 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Fexofenadine''', dem sell under de brand name '''Allegra''' among odas,<ref name="Brands2">{{cite web |title=Fexofenadine - international brand names |url=https://www.drugs.com/international/fexofenadine.html |access-date=18 January 2017 |publisher=Drugs.com}}</ref> be an antihistamine medication dem use insyd de treatment of allergy symptoms such as allergic rhinitis den urticaria.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Bachert C | title = A review of the efficacy of desloratadine, fexofenadine, and levocetirizine in the treatment of nasal congestion in patients with allergic rhinitis | journal = Clinical Therapeutics | volume = 31 | issue = 5 | pages = 921–944 | date = May 2009 | pmid = 19539095 | doi = 10.1016/j.clinthera.2009.05.017 }}</ref> Therapeutically, fexofenadine be a selective peripheral H₁ blocker. E be classified as a second-generation antihistamine secof e be less able to pass de blood–brain barrier den cause sedation, dem compare to first-generation antihistamines.<ref name="rhin11">{{cite journal | vauthors = Compalati E, Baena-Cagnani R, Penagos M, Badellino H, Braido F, Gómez RM, Canonica GW, Baena-Cagnani CE | title = Systematic review on the efficacy of fexofenadine in seasonal allergic rhinitis: a meta-analysis of randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials | journal = International Archives of Allergy and Immunology | volume = 156 | issue = 1 | pages = 1–15 | date = 2011 | pmid = 21969990 | doi = 10.1159/000321896 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name="rhin1">{{cite journal | vauthors = Dicpinigaitis PV, Gayle YE | title = Effect of the second-generation antihistamine, fexofenadine, on cough reflex sensitivity and pulmonary function | journal = British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology | volume = 56 | issue = 5 | pages = 501–504 | date = November 2003 | pmid = 14651723 | pmc = 1884387 | doi = 10.1046/j.1365-2125.2003.01902.x }}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 9egt8w2aaufqx9zczkvxhdlpo0ew8po 97666 97665 2026-05-06T10:43:35Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97666 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Fexofenadine''', dem sell under de brand name '''Allegra''' among odas,<ref name="Brands2">{{cite web |title=Fexofenadine - international brand names |url=https://www.drugs.com/international/fexofenadine.html |access-date=18 January 2017 |publisher=Drugs.com}}</ref> be an antihistamine medication dem use insyd de treatment of allergy symptoms such as allergic rhinitis den urticaria.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Bachert C | title = A review of the efficacy of desloratadine, fexofenadine, and levocetirizine in the treatment of nasal congestion in patients with allergic rhinitis | journal = Clinical Therapeutics | volume = 31 | issue = 5 | pages = 921–944 | date = May 2009 | pmid = 19539095 | doi = 10.1016/j.clinthera.2009.05.017 }}</ref> Therapeutically, fexofenadine be a selective peripheral H₁ blocker. E be classified as a second-generation antihistamine secof e be less able to pass de blood–brain barrier den cause sedation, dem compare to first-generation antihistamines.<ref name="rhin11">{{cite journal | vauthors = Compalati E, Baena-Cagnani R, Penagos M, Badellino H, Braido F, Gómez RM, Canonica GW, Baena-Cagnani CE | title = Systematic review on the efficacy of fexofenadine in seasonal allergic rhinitis: a meta-analysis of randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials | journal = International Archives of Allergy and Immunology | volume = 156 | issue = 1 | pages = 1–15 | date = 2011 | pmid = 21969990 | doi = 10.1159/000321896 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name="rhin1">{{cite journal | vauthors = Dicpinigaitis PV, Gayle YE | title = Effect of the second-generation antihistamine, fexofenadine, on cough reflex sensitivity and pulmonary function | journal = British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology | volume = 56 | issue = 5 | pages = 501–504 | date = November 2003 | pmid = 14651723 | pmc = 1884387 | doi = 10.1046/j.1365-2125.2003.01902.x }}</ref> Na dem patent am insyd 1979 wey e cam into medical use insyd 1996.<ref name=Fis2006>{{cite book | vauthors = Fischer J, Ganellin CR |title=Analogue-based Drug Discovery |date=2006 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=9783527607495 |page=548 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FjKfqkaKkAAC&pg=PA548 }}</ref> Fexofenadine be a therapeutic alternative on de World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.<ref name="WHO24th">{{cite book | vauthors = ((World Health Organization)) | title = The selection and use of essential medicines, 2025: WHO Model List of Essential Medicines, 24th list | year = 2025 | hdl = 10665/382243 | author-link = World Health Organization | publisher = World Health Organization | location = Geneva | hdl-access=free }}</ref> Na fexofenadine be manufactured insyd generic form since 2011.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.drreddys.com/media/press-releases/aug30_2011.html |title=Dr. Reddy's announces the launch of Over-the-Counter Fexofenadine HCl and Pseudoephedrine HCl extended-release tablets |date=30 August 2011 |publisher=Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Ltd. |access-date=27 May 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161012010000/http://www.drreddys.com/media/press-releases/aug30_2011.html |archive-date=12 October 2016 }}</ref> In 2023, it was the 219th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1{{nbsp}}million prescriptions.<ref>{{cite web | title=The Top 300 of 2023 | url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx | website=ClinCalc | access-date=12 August 2025 | archive-date=12 August 2025 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250812130026/https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title = Fexofenadine Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2013 - 2023 | website = ClinCalc | url = https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/Fexofenadine | access-date = 20 August 2025 }}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] lkqe0680xt2c12nwyfzg8t4erc5qsko 97667 97666 2026-05-06T10:59:11Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97667 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Fexofenadine''', dem sell under de brand name '''Allegra''' among odas,<ref name="Brands2">{{cite web |title=Fexofenadine - international brand names |url=https://www.drugs.com/international/fexofenadine.html |access-date=18 January 2017 |publisher=Drugs.com}}</ref> be an antihistamine medication dem use insyd de treatment of allergy symptoms such as allergic rhinitis den urticaria.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Bachert C | title = A review of the efficacy of desloratadine, fexofenadine, and levocetirizine in the treatment of nasal congestion in patients with allergic rhinitis | journal = Clinical Therapeutics | volume = 31 | issue = 5 | pages = 921–944 | date = May 2009 | pmid = 19539095 | doi = 10.1016/j.clinthera.2009.05.017 }}</ref> Therapeutically, fexofenadine be a selective peripheral H₁ blocker. E be classified as a second-generation antihistamine secof e be less able to pass de blood–brain barrier den cause sedation, dem compare to first-generation antihistamines.<ref name="rhin11">{{cite journal | vauthors = Compalati E, Baena-Cagnani R, Penagos M, Badellino H, Braido F, Gómez RM, Canonica GW, Baena-Cagnani CE | title = Systematic review on the efficacy of fexofenadine in seasonal allergic rhinitis: a meta-analysis of randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials | journal = International Archives of Allergy and Immunology | volume = 156 | issue = 1 | pages = 1–15 | date = 2011 | pmid = 21969990 | doi = 10.1159/000321896 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name="rhin1">{{cite journal | vauthors = Dicpinigaitis PV, Gayle YE | title = Effect of the second-generation antihistamine, fexofenadine, on cough reflex sensitivity and pulmonary function | journal = British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology | volume = 56 | issue = 5 | pages = 501–504 | date = November 2003 | pmid = 14651723 | pmc = 1884387 | doi = 10.1046/j.1365-2125.2003.01902.x }}</ref> Na dem patent am insyd 1979 wey e cam into medical use insyd 1996.<ref name=Fis2006>{{cite book | vauthors = Fischer J, Ganellin CR |title=Analogue-based Drug Discovery |date=2006 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=9783527607495 |page=548 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FjKfqkaKkAAC&pg=PA548 }}</ref> Fexofenadine be a therapeutic alternative on de World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.<ref name="WHO24th">{{cite book | vauthors = ((World Health Organization)) | title = The selection and use of essential medicines, 2025: WHO Model List of Essential Medicines, 24th list | year = 2025 | hdl = 10665/382243 | author-link = World Health Organization | publisher = World Health Organization | location = Geneva | hdl-access=free }}</ref> Na fexofenadine be manufactured insyd generic form since 2011.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.drreddys.com/media/press-releases/aug30_2011.html |title=Dr. Reddy's announces the launch of Over-the-Counter Fexofenadine HCl and Pseudoephedrine HCl extended-release tablets |date=30 August 2011 |publisher=Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Ltd. |access-date=27 May 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161012010000/http://www.drreddys.com/media/press-releases/aug30_2011.html |archive-date=12 October 2016 }}</ref> In 2023, it was the 219th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1{{nbsp}}million prescriptions.<ref>{{cite web | title=The Top 300 of 2023 | url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx | website=ClinCalc | access-date=12 August 2025 | archive-date=12 August 2025 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250812130026/https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title = Fexofenadine Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2013 - 2023 | website = ClinCalc | url = https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/Fexofenadine | access-date = 20 August 2025 }}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} [[Category:Benzhydryl compounds]] [[Category:Phenylacetic acids]] [[Category:Diols]] [[Category:H1 receptor antagonists]] [[Category:Peripherally selective drugs]] [[Category:Phenyl compounds]] [[Category:Piperidines]] [[Category:Sanofi]] [[Category:Tertiary alcohols]] [[Category:para-Phenylene compounds]] [[Category:Over-the-counter drugs insyd de United States]] [[Category:Antihistamines]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 211ra75tatnc9j50qif3obqsj0cutym 14 26732 97668 2026-05-06T11:00:49Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 97668 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 14 26733 97669 2026-05-06T11:01:00Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 97669 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 14 26734 97670 2026-05-06T11:02:39Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 97670 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 0 26735 97671 2026-05-06T11:07:54Z DaSupremo 9 Created by translating the page [[:mdwiki:Special:Redirect/revision/1469250|Plantar fasciitis]] to:gpe #mdwikicx 97671 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] r0gf7axtnvt68k0p85plnlehx64o08u 97672 97671 2026-05-06T11:26:50Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97672 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Plantar fasciitis''' anaa '''plantar heel pain''' be a disorder of de plantar fascia, wich be de connective tissue wey dey support de arch of de foot.<ref name="Bee_20142">{{cite journal |vauthors=Beeson P |date=September 2014 |title=Plantar fasciopathy: revisiting the risk factors |url=http://nectar.northampton.ac.uk/6575/1/Beeson20146575.pdf |journal=Foot and Ankle Surgery |volume=20 |issue=3 |pages=160–165 |doi=10.1016/j.fas.2014.03.003 |pmid=25103701}}</ref> E dey result in pain insyd de heel den bottom of de foot wey usually be most severe plus de first steps of de day anaa following a period of rest.<ref name="Bee_20142" /><ref name="Goff_2011"/> Pain be sanso frequently brought on by bending de foot den toes up towards de shin.<ref name="Goff_2011">{{cite journal | vauthors = Goff JD, Crawford R | title = Diagnosis and treatment of plantar fasciitis | journal = American Family Physician | volume = 84 | issue = 6 | pages = 676–682 | date = September 2011 | pmid = 21916393 | url = https://www.aafp.org/afp/2011/0915/p676.html }}</ref><ref name="Rosenbaum_20142">{{cite journal |vauthors=Rosenbaum AJ, DiPreta JA, Misener D |date=March 2014 |title=Plantar heel pain |journal=The Medical Clinics of North America |volume=98 |issue=2 |pages=339–352 |doi=10.1016/j.mcna.2013.10.009 |pmid=24559879}}</ref> De pain typically dey cam on gradually, wey e dey affect both feet in about one-third of cases.<ref name="Bee_20142" /><ref name="Rosenbaum_20142" /> == References == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] <references /> == External links == n0unss8t7yw9lj8tr12i82u6z6caq72