Wikipedia gpewiki https://gpe.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.1 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikipedia Wikipedia talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 1285 97689 40110 2026-05-07T09:26:49Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 97689 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox|item=Q122}} '''August''' be de eighth month of de year wey dey Julian den Gregorian calendars, wey ebe de fifth of seven months wey get length of 31 days.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/42820/August "August | month | Britannica"]. ''www.britannica.com''. Retrieved December 16, 2023.</ref> Ein zodiac sign be Leo wey originally dem name am ''Sextilis'' insyd Latin secof na ebi de 6th month for de original ten-month Roman calendar insyd under Romulus inyd 753 BC, wey March be de first month for de year. About 700 BC, e cam turn de eighth month wen dem add January den February to de year before March by King Numa Pompilius, wey he san so give am 29 days. Julius Caesar add two days wen he create de Julian calendar insyd 46 BC (708 AUC), he give am ein modern length of 31 days. Insyd 8 BC, dem rename am for Emperor Augustus ein honor.<ref>[https://www.livescience.com/45650-calendar-history.html "Keeping Time: Months and the Modern Calendar"]. ''Live Science''. May 16, 2014.</ref> According to Senatus consultum wey Macrobius quote am, he choose dis month secof na ebi de tym of ein chaw great triumphs, wey dey include de conquest of Egypt.<ref>[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0063:id=calendarium-cn "Year of Julius Caesar, A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities (1890), William Smith, LLD, William Wayte, G. E. Marindin, Ed"].</ref> Commonly lore dem repeat claim say August get 31 days secof na Augustus want ein month make e match de length of Julius Caesar ein July, buh dis be invention for de 13th century scholar Johannes de Sacrobosco. Sextilis in fact get 31 days before dem rename am, wey dem no choose am secof ein length.<ref>Lamont, Roscoe (1919). [https://web.archive.org/web/20200723094837/http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu//full/1919PA.....27..579P/0000583.000.html "The Roman calendar and its reformation by Julius Caesar"]. ''Popular Astronomy''. Vol.&nbsp;27. pp.&nbsp;583–595, esp. 585–587. [[:en:Bibcode_(identifier)|Bibcode]]:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1919PA.....27..579P 1919PA.....27..579P]. Sacrobosco's theory is discussed on pages&nbsp;585–587.</ref><ref>Nothaft, C. Phillip E. (2018). ''Scandalous Error: Calendar Reform and Calendrical Astronomy in Medieval Europe''. Oxford University Press. p. 122. doi:10.1093/oso/9780198799559.001.0001. ISBN 9780198799559.</ref> == August symbols == * August ein birthstones be de peridot, sardonyx, den spinel.<ref>[https://www.americangemsociety.org/en/august-birthstones "Why the American Gem Society"]. ''American Gem Society''.</ref> * Ein birth flower be de gladiolus or poppy, wey dey mean beauty, strength of character, love, marriage den family.<ref>[https://archive.today/20120911093344/http://www.shgresources.com/gems/birthflowers/ Birth months, flowers, and gemstones], shgresources.com</ref> * De Western zodiac signs give de month of August be Leo (until August 22) den Virgo (from August 23 dey go).<ref>The Earth passes the junction of the signs at 15:44 UT/GMT August 22, 2020, and will pass it again at 21:34 UT/GMT August 22, 2021.</ref><ref>[https://www.yourzodiacsign.com/calendar/ "Astrology Calendar"]. ''yourzodiacsign''. Signs in UT/GMT for 1950–2030.</ref> == References == [[Category:Months]] <references /> == External links == '''August''' at Wikipedia ein sisto projects * [[File:Commons-logo.svg|link=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Basshunter?uselang=gpe|16x16px]] [[commons:Category:August|Wikimedia Commons]] * [[File:Wikiquote-logo.svg|link=https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Basshunter?uselang=gpe|16x16px]] [[wikiquote:August|Wikiquote]] (en) * [[File:Wikidata-logo.svg|link=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q383541|16x16px]] [[wikidata:Q122|Wikidata]] * [[wiktionary:August|Definitions]] from Wiktionary * [[wikinews:Category:August|News]] from Wikinews * [[wikisource:Encyclopædia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/August|"August"]] . ''Encyclopædia Britannica''. Vol. III (9th ed.). 1878. p. 73. be3j4e7bz6bms3nkkfd4wg9a1frdmg4 0 12941 97690 87397 2026-05-07T10:55:13Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 97690 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Bulgaria''', wey dem dey officially call de '''Republic of Bulgaria''', be country wey dey Southeast Europe. E dey for de eastern part of de Balkans, directly south of de Danube River den west of de Black Sea. Bulgaria get Greece den Turkey for de south, Serbia den North Macedonia for de west, den Romania for de north. De country ein land size be 110,994 square kilometres (42,855 sq mi), wey make am de sixteenth-largest country for Europe. De capital den biggest city be Sofia, but some big cities be Burgas, Plovdiv, den Varna.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/place/Bulgaria "Bulgaria | History, Language, Map, Pronunciation & Points of Interest | Britannica"]. ''www.britannica.com''. 24 February 2025. Retrieved 25 February 2025.</ref><ref>[https://european-union.europa.eu/principles-countries-history/eu-countries/bulgaria_en "Bulgaria – EU country profile | European Union"]. ''european-union.europa.eu''. Retrieved 25 February 2025.</ref> One of de earliest civilizations for de modern-day Bulgaria area be de Karanovo culture (6,500 BC). Between de 6th den 3rd century BC, Thracians, Persians, Celts, den Macedonians dey battle for de region inside. Stability come wey de Roman Empire conquer de area for AD 45. But after Rome collapse, plenty tribal invasions start again. Around de 6th century, early Slavs settle for de area inside. Later, de Bulgars under Asparuh invade de Balkans from Old Great Bulgaria, den by 681 AD, dem form de First Bulgarian Empire, wey Byzantine Empire recognize.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/topic/history-of-Bulgaria "History of Bulgaria | Key Events, Important People, & Dates | Britannica"]. ''www.britannica.com''. Retrieved 25 February 2025.</ref> Dis empire control most parts of de Balkans den e help spread Slavic culture, plus dem create de Cyrillic script. De First Bulgarian Empire last till de early 11th century, wey Byzantine emperor Basil II conquer am. But for 1185, Bulgarians rebel den form de Second Bulgarian Empire, wey reach ein peak under Ivan Asen II (1218–1241). However, plenty wars den internal problems make de empire collapse, den by 1396, Bulgaria fall under Ottoman rule for almost 500 years. De Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78 lead to de creation of de third Bulgarian state, wey officially gain independence from de Ottoman Empire for 1908. But plenty ethnic Bulgarians still dey outside de new country ein borders, wey cause irredentist feelings, making dem enter conflicts plus neighbours den later align plus Germany for both world wars. For 1946, Bulgaria join de Soviet-led Eastern Bloc den turn socialist state. De ruling Communist Party lose ein full control after de 1989 revolutions, wey bring multiparty elections den democracy.<ref>{{Cite book|title=A Concise History of Bulgaria|url=https://www.google.com.gh/books/edition/A_Concise_History_of_Bulgaria/ekgD2bZoXe4C?hl=en&gbpv=1|publisher=Cambridge University Press|date=2005-11-24|isbn=978-1-139-44823-9|language=en|first=R. J.|last=Crampton}}</ref> Since dem adopt democratic constitution for 1991, Bulgaria turn unitary parliamentary republic with 28 provinces. De country get high-income market economy, wey dey depend on services, manufacturing, mining, den agriculture. Bulgaria ein economy plus foreign relations dey influenced by ein position as a transit route for natural gas den oil pipelines, plus ein strategic location for de Black Sea. E be EU den NATO member, wey e shape ein global relations.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210422080455/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/bulgaria/ "Bulgaria"], ''The World Factbook'', Central Intelligence Agency, 12 February 2025, retrieved 25 February 2025</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Bulgaria – EU country profile {{!}} European Union|url=https://european-union.europa.eu/principles-countries-history/eu-countries/bulgaria_en|website=european-union.europa.eu|access-date=2025-02-25|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Bulgaria country profile|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-17202996|work=BBC News|date=2012-02-29|access-date=2025-02-25|language=en-GB}}</ref> e participation are a legacy of the Socialist era. === Largest cities === [edit | edit source] {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="10" | Largest cities anaa towns insyd Bulgaria 2023 official estimates |- !Rank !Name !Province !Pop. !Rank !Name !Province !Pop. |- |1 |Sofia |Sofia-Capital |1,196,806 |11 |Pernik |Pernik |66,261 |- |2 |Plovdiv |Plovdiv |325,485 |12 |Haskovo |Haskovo |63,776 |- |3 |Varna |Varna |314,607 |13 |Blagoevgrad |Blagoevgrad |62,346 |- |4 |Burgas |Burgas |188,114 |14 |Yambol |Yambol |59,755 |- |5 |Ruse |Ruse |122,116 |15 |Veliko Tarnovo |Veliko Tarnovo |59,331 |- |6 |Stara Zagora |Stara Zagora |121,207 |16 |Pazardzhik |Pazardzhik |54,652 |- |7 |Pleven |Pleven |89,030 |17 |Vratsa |Vratsa |48,406 |- |8 |Sliven |Sliven |78,627 |18 |Asenovgrad |Plovdiv |45,474 |- |9 |Dobrich |Dobrich |70,411 |19 |Gabrovo |Gabrovo |44,232 |- |10 |Shumen |Shumen |67,300 |20 |Kazanlak |Stara Zagora |41,768 |} == References == <references /> == Bibliography == * {{cite web|ref={{harvid|NSI Census data|2017}}|url=http://www.nsi.bg/bg/content/2975/%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5-%D0%BF%D0%BE-%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8-%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8-%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5-%D0%B8-%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB|script-title=bg:Население по области, общини, местоживеене и пол|trans-title=Population by Province, Municipality, Address and Sex as of 31 December 2017|publisher=National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria|access-date=22 July 2018|language=bg|date=2017}} * {{cite web|ref={{harvid|NSI Census data|2011}}|url=http://www.nsi.bg/sites/default/files/files/pressreleases/Census2011final.pdf|script-title=bg:Преброяване 2011 (окончателни данни)|trans-title=Final Results of the 2011 census|publisher=National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria|access-date=22 July 2018|language=bg|date=2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181222232458/http://www.nsi.bg/sites/default/files/files/pressreleases/Census2011final.pdf|archive-date=22 December 2018|url-status=dead}} * {{cite web|ref={{harvid|NSI Brochure|2018}}|url=http://www.nsi.bg/sites/default/files/files/publications/Brochure_Bulgaria2018.pdf|title=Bulgaria 2018|publisher=National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria|access-date=23 July 2018|language=bg, en|date=2018}} * {{Cite report|title=Country Profile: Bulgaria|date=20 October 2006|url=https://tile.loc.gov/storage-services/master/frd/copr/Bulgaria.pdf|last=Curtis|first=Glenn|access-date=3 January 2024|url-status=live|publisher=Federal Research Division|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103213947/https://tile.loc.gov/storage-services/master/frd/copr/Bulgaria.pdf|archive-date=3 January 2024|via=Library of Congress|ref=Library of Congress}} * {{cite web|url=https://ec.europa.eu/health/sites/health/files/state/docs/chp_bulgaria_english.pdf|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://ec.europa.eu/health/sites/health/files/state/docs/chp_bulgaria_english.pdf|archive-date=9 October 2022|url-status=live|title=State of Health in the EU. Country Health Profile: Bulgaria 2017|publisher=European Commission|access-date=20 May 2018}} * {{cite book|last=Bell|first=John|title=Bulgaria in Transition: Politics, Economics, Society, and Culture after Communism|publisher=Westview Press|year=1998|isbn=978-0-8133-9010-9}} * {{cite book|last=Chen|first=Sanping|title=Multicultural China in the Early Middle Ages|url={{Google books|ugbWH-5OjegC |plainurl=yes}}|publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press|year=2012|isbn=978-0-8122-4370-3}} * {{cite book|first=R. J.|last=Crampton|title=A Short History of Modern Bulgaria|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=1987|isbn=978-0-521-25340-6|url={{Google books|iL06AAAAIAAJ |plainurl=yes}}}} * {{cite book|last=Crampton|first=R. J.|title=A Concise History of Bulgaria|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2005|isbn=978-0-521-61637-9|url={{Google books|Ylz4fe7757cC |plainurl=yes}}}} * {{cite book|title=Bulgaria|last=Crampton|first=R. J.|year=2007|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-954158-4}} ** {{Cite book|chapter-url=http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0013)|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080920110251/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID+bg0013%29|archive-date=20 September 2008|title=Chapter 1|chapter=Historical Setting|access-date=4 December 2011|ref={{Sfnref|Historical Setting}}}} ** {{Cite book|chapter-url=http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0016)|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080921073705/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID+bg0016%29|archive-date=21 September 2008|title=Chapter 1|chapter=The First Golden Age|access-date=13 October 2012|ref={{Sfnref|The First Golden Age}}}} ** {{Cite book|chapter-url=http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0032)|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080920110429/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID+bg0032%29|archive-date=20 September 2008|title=The Bulgarian Independence Movement|chapter=The Final Move to Independence|access-date=4 December 2011|ref={{Sfnref|The Final Move to Independence}}}} ** {{Cite book|chapter-url=http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0033)|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080921073337/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID+bg0033%29|archive-date=21 September 2008|title=The Bulgarian Independence Movement|chapter=San Stefano, Berlin, and Independence|access-date=4 December 2011|ref={{Sfnref|San Stefano, Berlin and Independence}}}} ** {{Cite book|chapter-url=http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0052)|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080921072906/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID+bg0052%29|archive-date=21 September 2008|title=World War II|chapter=Bulgaria in World War II: The Passive Alliance|access-date=4 December 2011|ref={{Sfnref|Bulgaria in World War II: The Passive Alliance}}}} ** {{Cite book|chapter-url=http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0053)|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080920105850/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID+bg0053%29|archive-date=20 September 2008|title=World War II|chapter=Wartime Crisis|access-date=4 December 2011|ref={{Sfnref|Wartime Crisis}}}} ** {{Cite book|chapter-url=http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0054)|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080921073515/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID+bg0054%29|archive-date=21 September 2008|title=World War II|chapter=The Soviet Occupation|access-date=27 July 2018|ref={{Sfnref|The Soviet Occupation}}}} ** {{Cite book|chapter-url=http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0059)|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080920111401/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID+bg0059%29|archive-date=20 September 2008|title=Communist Consolidation|chapter=After Stalin|access-date=24 April 2012|ref={{Sfnref|After Stalin}}}} ** {{Cite book|chapter-url=http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0062)|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080920111524/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID+bg0062%29|archive-date=20 September 2008|title=Communist Consolidation|chapter=Domestic Policy and Its Results|access-date=4 December 2011|ref={{Sfnref|Domestic Policy and Its Results}}}} ** {{Cite book|chapter-url=http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0066)|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080921073626/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID+bg0066%29|archive-date=21 September 2008|title=The Zhivkov Era|chapter=Foreign Affairs in the 1960s and 1970s|access-date=4 December 2011|ref={{Sfnref|Foreign Affairs in the 1960s and 1970s}}}} ** {{Cite book|chapter-url=http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0068)|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080920111029/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID+bg0068%29|archive-date=20 September 2008|title=The Zhivkov Era|chapter=The Political Atmosphere in the 1970s|access-date=4 December 2011|ref={{Sfnref|The Political Atmosphere in the 1970s}}}} ** {{Cite book|chapter-url=http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0069)|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080920111641/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID+bg0069%29|archive-date=20 September 2008|title=The Zhivkov Era|chapter=Bulgaria in the 1980s|access-date=27 July 2018|ref={{Sfnref|Bulgaria in the 1980s}}}} ** {{Cite book|chapter-url=http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0072)|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080921073600/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID+bg0072%29|archive-date=21 September 2008|title=The Society and its Environment|chapter=Topography|access-date=4 December 2011|ref={{Sfnref|Topography}}}} ** {{Cite book|chapter-url=http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0074)|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080921073232/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID+bg0074%29|archive-date=21 September 2008|title=The Society and its Environment|chapter=Climate|access-date=4 December 2011|ref={{Sfnref|Climate}}}} ** {{Cite book|chapter-url=http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0102)|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080920110820/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID+bg0102%29|archive-date=20 September 2008|title=Chapter 3|chapter=The Economy|access-date=4 December 2011|ref={{Sfnref|The Economy}}}} ** {{Cite book|chapter-url=http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0103)|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080920111053/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID+bg0103%29|archive-date=20 September 2008|title=The Economy|chapter=Resource Base|access-date=4 December 2011|ref={{Sfnref|Resource Base}}}} ** {{Cite book|chapter-url=http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0149)|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080921073159/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID+bg0149%29|archive-date=21 September 2008|title=Chapter 4|chapter=Government and Politics|access-date=4 December 2011|ref={{Sfnref|Government and Politics}}}} ** {{Cite book|chapter-url=http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0225)|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080920110247/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID+bg0225%29|archive-date=20 September 2008|title=National Security|chapter=Arms Sales|access-date=4 December 2011|ref={{Sfnref|Arms Sales}}}} ** {{Cite book|chapter-url=http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bg0216)|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080921073623/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID+bg0216%29|archive-date=21 September 2008|title=National Security|chapter=Military Personnel|access-date=20 December 2011|ref={{Sfnref|Military Personnel}}}} * {{cite book|last=Ghodsee|first=Kristen R.|title=Lost in Transition: Ethnographies of Everyday Life After Communism|publisher=Duke University Press|year=2011|isbn=978-0-8223-5102-3|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/lostintransition00ghod}} * {{cite book|last=Ghodsee|first=Kristen R.|title=Muslim Lives in Eastern Europe: Gender, Ethnicity and the Transformation of Islam in Postsocialist Bulgaria|publisher=Princeton University Press|year=2009}} * {{cite book|last=Ghodsee|first=Kristen R.|title=The Red Riviera: Gender, Tourism and Postsocialism on the Black Sea|url=https://archive.org/details/redrivieragender0000ghod|url-access=registration|publisher=Duke University Press|year=2005|isbn=978-0-8223-3662-4}} * {{cite book|last=Golden|first=Peter Benjamin|date=1992|title=An Introduction to the History of the Turkic Peoples: Ethnogenesis and State Formation in Medieval and Early Modern Eurasia and the Middle East|url=https://www.academia.edu/12545004|publisher=Otto Harrassowitz|isbn=978-3-447-03274-2}} * {{cite book|last=MacDermott|first=Mercia|title=Bulgarian Folk Customs|publisher=Jessica Kingsley Publishers|pages=19, 64–70, 226|year=1998|isbn=978-1-85302-486-3|url={{Google books|gh4IE6toGJMC |plainurl=yes}}}} * {{cite book|last1=Roisman|first1=Joseph|last2=Worthington|first2=Ian|title=A Companion to Ancient Macedonia|publisher=John Wiley and Sons|year=2011|isbn=978-1-4443-5163-7|url={{Google books|QsJ183uUDkMC |plainurl=yes}}|ref={{Sfnref|Roisman|2011}}}} * {{cite book|title=Теми по физическа и социално-икономическа география на България (Topics on Physical and Social-Economic Geography of Bulgaria)|last1=Дончев (Donchev)|first1=Дончо (Doncho)|last2=Каракашев (Karakashev)|first2=Христо (Hristo)|year=2004|language=bg|publisher=Ciela|location=София (Sofia)|isbn=954-649-717-7|ref={{harvid|Donchev|Karakashev|2004}}}} == External links == {{Sister project links|voy=Bulgaria|Bulgaria}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20081016001809/http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/bulgaria.htm Bulgaria] at ''UCB Libraries GovPubs''. * {{osmrelation-inline|186382}} * [http://www.balkaninsight.com/en/article/bulgaria Bulgaria Profile] from Balkan Insight * [https://web.archive.org/web/20170603221224/https://www.president.bg/ President of The Republic of Bulgaria] {{Authority control}} [[Category:Bulgaria| ]] [[Category:Balkan countries]] [[Category:Countries den territories wer Bulgarian be official language]] [[Category:Countries for Europe insyd]] [[Category:Member states of NATO]] [[Category:Member states of de European Union]] [[Category:Member states of de Three Seas Initiative]] [[Category:Member states of de Union for the Mediterranean]] [[Category:Member states of de United Nations]] [[Category:Republics]] [[Category:States den territories dem establish insyd 681]] [[Category:States den territories dem establish insyd 1878]] [[Category:States den territories dem establish insyd 1990]] 4kyaalz8hy4b11ocvn929g7imwvjvrg 0 13804 97691 84333 2026-05-07T11:31:14Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 97691 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Charles Milles Manson''' (né '''Maddox'''; November 12, 1934 – November 19, 2017) na he be an American criminal, cult leader, den musician wey lead de Manson Family, a cult based insyd California insyd de late 1960s den early 1970s.<ref name="Juschka 2023">{{cite book|author-last=Juschka|author-first=Darlene M.|year=2023|chapter=Chapter 4: Space Aliens and Deities Compared|editor1-last=Freudenberg|editor1-first=Maren|editor2-last=Elwert|editor2-first=Frederik|editor3-last=Karis|editor3-first=Tim|editor4-last=Radermacher|editor4-first=Martin|editor5-last=Schlamelcher|editor5-first=Jens|title=Stepping Back and Looking Ahead: Twelve Years of Studying Religious Contact at the Käte Hamburger Kolleg Bochum|location=Leiden and Boston|publisher=Brill Publishers|series=Dynamics in the History of Religions|volume=13|doi=10.1163/9789004549319_006|doi-access=free|isbn=978-90-04-54931-9|issn=1878-8106|pages=124–145}}</ref> Na sam cult members commit a series of at least nine murders for four locations insyd July den August 1969. Insyd 1971, na dem convict Manson of first-degree murder den conspiracy to commit murder for de deaths of seven people, wey dey include de film actress Sharon Tate. De prosecution contend dat, while Manson never directly order de murders, na ein ideology constitute an overt act of conspiracy.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://law.justia.com/cases/california/court-of-appeal/3d/61/102.html|title=People v. Manson|website=Justia Law|language=en|access-date=May 11, 2019|archive-date=May 20, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180520054853/https://law.justia.com/cases/california/court-of-appeal/3d/61/102.html|url-status=live}}</ref> == Legacy == === Documentaries === * 1973: ''Manson'', wey Robert Hendrickson den Laurence Merrick direct am<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vice.com/en_ca/article/mb3dxy/watch-this-chilling-manson-documentary-from-1973-vgtrn|title=Watch This Chilling Manson Documentary from 1973|website=vice.com|publisher=Vice|access-date=July 5, 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180705234026/https://www.vice.com/en_ca/article/mb3dxy/watch-this-chilling-manson-documentary-from-1973-vgtrn|archive-date=July 5, 2018|date=November 20, 2017}}</ref> * 1989: ''Charles Manson Superstar'', wey Nikolas Schreck direct am<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1SbwCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA83|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201103095622/https://books.google.com/books?id=1SbwCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA83|url-status=dead|archive-date=November 3, 2020|title=Confessions of an Illuminati, VOLUME II: The Time of Revelation and Tribulation Leading Up to 2020|date=December 6, 2018|access-date=January 19, 2019|isbn=978-1-888729-62-7|last1=Zagami|first1=Leo Lyon|publisher=CCC}}</ref> * 2014: ''Life After Manson'', wey Olivia Klaus direct am<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/05/opinion/my-life-after-manson.html|title=My Life After Manson|newspaper=The New York Times|access-date=July 5, 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180706021027/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/05/opinion/my-life-after-manson.html|archive-date=July 6, 2018|date=August 4, 2014|last1=Klaus|first1=Olivia}}</ref> * 2017: ''Manson: Inside the Mind of a Mad Man'', television documentary about Reet Jurvetsen. * 2017: ''Murder Made Me Famous'', ''Charles Manson: What Happened?''.<ref>{{cite web|website=REELZ TV|url=https://www.reelz.com/event/?showid=483&date=02-02-2019|date=November 4, 2017|archive-date=February 3, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190203085024/https://www.reelz.com/event/?showid=483&date=February|title=Charles Manson|access-date=February 3, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> * 2017: ''Inside the Manson Cult: The Lost Tapes''<ref>{{cite news|last1=Turchiano|first1=Danielle|title=Fox Reveals First Look at 'Inside The Manson Cult: The Lost Tapes'|url=https://variety.com/2018/tv/news/inside-the-manson-cult-the-lost-tapes-trailer-exclusive-1202915373/|access-date=November 18, 2018|work=Variety|date=August 27, 2018|archive-date=November 18, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181118081629/https://variety.com/2018/tv/news/inside-the-manson-cult-the-lost-tapes-trailer-exclusive-1202915373/|url-status=live}}</ref> * 2017: ''Charles Manson: The Final Words'', wey Rob Zombie narrate, wey dey focuse for de Manson Family murders tell am from Manson ein perspective, wey James Buddy Day direct am.<ref>{{cite web|website=REELZ TV|url=https://www.reelz.com/charles-manson-final-words/|date=September 10, 2017|title=Charles Manson: The Final Words|access-date=January 27, 2019|archive-date=January 28, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190128082851/https://www.reelz.com/charles-manson-final-words/|url-status=dead}}</ref> * 2018: ''Inside the Manson Cult: The Lost Tapes'', wey Liev Schreiber narrate, dey look insyd de Manson Family.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-features/charles-manson-doc-new-fox-spahn-ranch-725047/|title=New Manson Doc Goes Inside Spahn Ranch|first=Elizabeth|last=Yuko|date=September 17, 2018|access-date=August 17, 2019|magazine=Rolling Stone|archive-date=March 22, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190322161949/https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-features/charles-manson-doc-new-fox-spahn-ranch-725047/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://thespinoff.co.nz/tv/28-07-2019/review-manson-the-lost-tapes-the-story-of-americas-first-family-of-darkness/|title=Review: Manson – The Lost Tapes, the story of America's first family of darkness|first=Jean|last=Sergent|date=July 28, 2019|access-date=August 17, 2019|magazine=The Spinoff|archive-date=August 10, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190810102317/https://thespinoff.co.nz/tv/28-07-2019/review-manson-the-lost-tapes-the-story-of-americas-first-family-of-darkness/|url-status=live}}</ref> * 2019: ''I Lived with a Killer: The Manson Family''.<ref>{{cite web|website=REELZ TV|url=https://www.reelz.com/event/?showid=87172&date=02-02-2019|date=February 2, 2019|archive-date=February 3, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190203085207/https://www.reelz.com/event/?showid=87172&date=February|title=The Manson Family|access-date=February 3, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> * 2019: ''Charles Manson: The Funeral'', wey James Buddy Day direct am.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/man-who-says-hes-charles-mansons-grandson-films-infamous-cult-leaders-funeral-for-doc-this-is-my-story|title=Man who says he's Charles Manson's grandson films infamous cult leader's funeral for doc: 'This is my story'|last=Nolasco|first=Stephanie|date=April 12, 2019|website=Fox News|language=en-US|access-date=May 14, 2019|archive-date=May 14, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190514154519/https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/man-who-says-hes-charles-mansons-grandson-films-infamous-cult-leaders-funeral-for-doc-this-is-my-story|url-status=live}}</ref> * 2019: ''Manson: The Women'', wey dey feature Lynette "Squeaky" Fromme, Sandra "Blue" Good, Catherine "Gypsy" Share, den Dianne "Snake" Lake, documentary special on Oxygen, wey James Buddy Day direct am.<ref>{{Cite web|first=Katie|last=Kilkenny|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/manson-women-followers-recall-leaders-manipulation-1230616|title=Former Manson Followers Debate Family's Culpability: "How Can You Point the Finger at Us?"|website=The Hollywood Reporter|language=en|date=August 10, 2019|access-date=August 11, 2019|archive-date=August 13, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190813210823/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/manson-women-followers-recall-leaders-manipulation-1230616|url-status=live}}</ref> * 2020: ''Helter Skelter: An American Myth'', six part TV miniseries wey Lesley Chilcott direct am.<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Fienberg|first=Daniel|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/tv/tv-reviews/helter-skelter-an-american-myth-review-1304197/|title=''Helter Skelter: An American Myth'': TV Review|magazine=The Hollywood Reporter|date=July 24, 2020|access-date=March 23, 2023}}</ref> === Fiction inspire by Manson === * 1971: ''Sweet Savior'', an exploitation film.<ref>{{Cite book |last=VanBebber |first=Jim |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-igcAQAAIAAJ&q=%22sweet+savior%22+movie+manson |title=Charlie's Family: An Illustrated Screenplay to the Film |date=1998 |publisher=Creation Books |isbn=978-1-871592-94-8 |pages=173 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Bailey |first=Jason |date=2019-07-24 |title=The Manson Murders: What to Read, Watch and Listen To |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/24/movies/charles-manson-family.html |access-date=2024-05-10 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> * 1976: ''Helter Skelter'', a television drama.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.warnerbros.com/tv/helter-skelter-tv-miniseries |title=Helter Skelter (TV Miniseries) |website=warnerbros.com |access-date=July 5, 2018 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180705234916/https://www.warnerbros.com/tv/helter-skelter-tv-miniseries |archive-date=July 5, 2018 }}</ref> * 1984: ''[[#Cultural impact|Manson Family Movies]]'', a film drama.<ref>{{cite book |first1=David|last1=Kerekes |first2=David|last2=Slater |title=Killing for Culture |year=1996 |publisher=Creation Books |isbn=1-871592-20-8 |pages=222–223, 225, 268 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o9dkAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Manson+Family+Movies%22 |access-date=November 18, 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170503110005/https://books.google.com/books?id=o9dkAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Manson+Family+Movies%22 |archive-date=May 3, 2017 }}</ref> * 1990: ''The Manson Family'', a musical opera by John Moran.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/20-great-iggy-pop-collaborations-79224/john-moran-the-manson-family-an-opera-1990-30108/ |title=John Moran, 'The Manson Family: An Opera' (1990) |website=rollingstone.com |access-date=July 5, 2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180705233756/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/20-great-iggy-pop-collaborations-79224/john-moran-the-manson-family-an-opera-1990-30108/ |archive-date=July 5, 2018 |date=March 17, 2016}}</ref> * 1990: ''Assassins'', a Broadway musical plus references to Manson.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sondheim.com/shows/assassins/ |title=''Assassins'' |publisher=Sondheim.com |date=November 22, 1963 |access-date=November 28, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101128163250/http://sondheim.com/shows/assassins/ |archive-date=November 28, 2010 }}</ref> * 1992: ''The Ben Stiller Show'', a sketch series plus Manson as a recurring character portrayed by Bob Odenkirk.<ref>{{cite web| last=Roffman| first=Michael| url=https://consequenceofsound.net/2017/11/in-1992-bob-odenkirk-turned-charles-manson-into-lassie-and-its-still-funny/| title=In 1992, Bob Odenkirk Turned Charles Manson into Lassie and It's Still Hilarious| website=Consequence Of Sound| access-date=September 2, 2019| date=November 20, 2019| archive-date=September 3, 2019| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190903041323/https://consequenceofsound.net/2017/11/in-1992-bob-odenkirk-turned-charles-manson-into-lassie-and-its-still-funny/| url-status=live}}</ref> * 1998: "Merry Christmas, Charlie Manson!", an episode of ''South Park'' dem center around Manson.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.avclub.com/tvclub/south-park-classic-spooky-fishmerry-christmas-char-84395 |title=South Park (Classic): "Spooky Fish"/"Merry Christmas, Charlie Manson!" |website=The A.V. Club |date=September 16, 2012 |access-date=July 5, 2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170109183956/http://www.avclub.com/tvclub/south-park-classic-spooky-fishmerry-christmas-char-84395 |archive-date=January 9, 2017 }}</ref> * 2003: ''The Dead Circus'', a novel wey dey include de activities of de Manson Family as a major plot point.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/08/18/books/bad-vibrations.html|title=Bad Vibrations|first=Stephanie|last=Zacharek|work=The New York Times|date=August 18, 2002|access-date=March 23, 2011|archive-date=April 29, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110429213306/http://www.nytimes.com/2002/08/18/books/bad-vibrations.html|url-status=live}}</ref> * 2003: ''The Manson Family'', a crime drama/horror film centered around de Manson Family. * 2004: ''Helter Skelter'', a crime film about de Manson Family den about Linda Kasabian. * 2006: ''Live Freaky! Die Freaky!'', a stop-motion animated film based for de murders. * 2014: ''House of Manson'', a biographical feature film wey dey focuse for de life of Charles Manson from ein kiddie time to ein arrest. * 2015: ''Manson Family Vacation'', an indie comedy inspired by Manson.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.indiewire.com/2015/03/sxsw-review-unexpected-charmer-manson-family-vacation-starring-jay-duplass-266106/ |title=SXSW Review: Unexpected Charmer 'Manson Family Vacation' Starring Jay Duplass |website=IndieWire|date=March 19, 2015 |access-date=July 5, 2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180705233245/https://www.indiewire.com/2015/03/sxsw-review-unexpected-charmer-manson-family-vacation-starring-jay-duplass-266106/ |archive-date=July 5, 2018 }}</ref> * 2015–16: ''Aquarius'', a television crime drama.<ref>[http://www.nbc.com/aquarius Aquarius Official Website] [https://web.archive.org/web/20140924070419/http://www.nbc.com/aquarius Archived] September 24, 2014, at the Wayback Machine NBC.</ref> * 2016: ''The Girls'', a novel by Emma Cline loosely inspired by de Manson Family. * 2016: ''Wolves at the Door'', a horror film wey John R. Leonetti direct am. * 2017: ''Mindhunter''; de first episode of season 1 dem use Manson as a case study.<ref>{{Cite magazine |url=https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2017/10/mindhunter-who-is-adt-killer-kansas-dennis-rader-season-2-wichita-park-city |title=How Netflix's Mindhunter Cleverly Set Up Season 2 and Beyond |magazine=Vanity Fair |date=October 17, 2017 |access-date=July 5, 2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180213174602/https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2017/10/mindhunter-who-is-adt-killer-kansas-dennis-rader-season-2-wichita-park-city |archive-date=February 13, 2018 }}</ref> * 2017: ''American Horror Story: Cult'', de seventh season of de horror anthology series ''American Horror Story''. * 2018: ''Charlie Says'', a film dem center around Manson den three of ein followers.<ref>{{Cite news|title='Charlie Says' Review: Complicating Those Manson Family Values|first=Manohla|last=Dargis|newspaper=The New York Times|date=May 9, 2019|url=https://nyti.ms/2LzW5uP|access-date=May 11, 2019|archive-date=February 28, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220228032104/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/09/movies/charlie-says-review.html|url-status=live}}</ref> * 2019: ''The Haunting of Sharon Tate''; Daniel Farrands direct am * 2019: ''Once Upon a Time in Hollywood''; wey Quentin Tarantino direct am<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/quentin-tarantino-once-upon-a-time-in-hollywood-movie-everything-we-know-2018-3|title=All the details of Quentin Tarantino's new movie, which stars Brad Pitt, Leonardo DiCaprio, and Margot Robbie|website=Business Insider|access-date=July 5, 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180621215935/http://www.businessinsider.com/quentin-tarantino-once-upon-a-time-in-hollywood-movie-everything-we-know-2018-3|archive-date=June 21, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Sharf |first=Zack |date=2019-09-11 |title=Damon Herriman Says 'Once Upon a Time in Hollywood' Cut Manson Scene Is One of Tarantino's Best |url=https://www.indiewire.com/features/general/tarantino-cut-charles-manson-scene-once-upon-a-time-in-hollywood-1202172574/ |access-date=2024-01-19 |website=IndieWire |language=en-US}}</ref> * 2019: ''Zeroville'', a film wey dey start insyd de aftermath of de Sharon Tate murders insyd Los Angeles, plus dem suspect de main character say ebe involved. Manson be portrayed by Scott Haze.<ref>{{cite web| last=Tallerico| first=Brian| title=Zeroville| date=September 20, 2019| url=https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/zeroville-movie-review-2019| access-date=August 9, 2020| archive-date=June 24, 2020| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200624184935/https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/zeroville-movie-review-2019| url-status=live}}</ref> * 2021: ''We Can Only Save Ourselves'', a novel by Alison Wisdom loosely inspired by de Manson Family. == References == {{DEFAULTSORT:Manson, Charles}} [[Category:Charles Manson| ]] [[Category:Human]] [[Category:1934 births]] [[Category:2017 deaths]] [[Category:20th-century American criminals]] [[Category:20th-century American male singers]] [[Category:20th-century American singer-songwriters]] [[Category:20th-century apocalypticists]] [[Category:American conspiracy theorists]] [[Category:American folk rock musicians]] [[Category:American former Scientologists]] [[Category:American founders]] [[Category:American male criminals]] [[Category:American male singer-songwriters]] [[Category:American mass murderers]] [[Category:American rapists]] [[Category:Founders of new religious movements]] [[Category:History of Los Angeles]] [[Category:Manson Family]] [[Category:American outsider musicians]] [[Category:People wey komot Cincinnati]] [[Category:People plus antisocial personality disorder]] [[Category:People plus schizophrenia]] [[Category:Self-declared messiahs]] [[Category:Western Union people]] [[Category:American environmentalists]] <references /> == External links == {{Sister project links|collapsible=true|wikt=no|d=Q485508}} * [http://vault.fbi.gov/Charles%20Manson FBI file on Charles Manson] * [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1KiLdR7afoljKOlGMR5xizWTlC75Wvunm/view Cease to Exist: The Saga of Dennis Wilson & Charles Manson] – compendium of first-hand accounts edited by Jason Austin Penick '''Legal documents''' * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080302023216/http://online.ceb.com/calcases/CA3/71CA3d1.htm Decision in appeal by Manson from Hinman-Shea conviction] ''People v. Manson'', 71 Cal. App. 3d 1 (California Court of Appeal, Second District, Division One, June 23, 1977). * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080302023159/http://online.ceb.com/calcases/CA3/61CA3d102.htm Decision in appeal by Manson, Atkins, Krenwinkel, and Van Houten from Tate-LaBianca convictions] ''People v. Manson'', 61 Cal. App. 3d 102 (California Court of Appeal, Second District, Division One, August 13, 1976). Retrieved June 19, 2007. '''News articles''' * {{cite web|last=Dalton|first=David|title=If Christ Came Back as a Con Man|url=http://www.gadflyonline.com/archive/october98/archive-manson.html|date=October 1998|website=gadflyonline.com|access-date=November 18, 2015|archive-date=October 11, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071011161519/http://www.gadflyonline.com/archive/October98/archive-manson.html|url-status=dead}} – article by co-author of 1970 Rolling Stone story on Manson. * Linder, Douglas. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070520113112/http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/manson/manson.htm ''Famous Trials – The Trial of Charles Manson'']. University of Missouri at Kansas City Law School. 2002. April 7, 2007. * {{cite web|last=Noe|first=Denise|url=http://crimemagazine.com/manson-myth-0|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101121075126/http://crimemagazine.com/manson-myth-0|url-status=dead|archive-date=November 21, 2010|title=The Manson Myth|website=CrimeMagazine.com|date=December 12, 2004}} * {{cite news|url=https://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Manson-Family-members-haunted-3221121.php|title=Horrific past haunts former cult members|newspaper=San Francisco Chronicle|date=August 12, 2009}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Manson, Charles}} [[Category:Charles Manson| ]] [[Category:Human]] [[Category:1934 births]] [[Category:2017 deaths]] [[Category:20th-century American criminals]] [[Category:20th-century American male singers]] [[Category:20th-century American singer-songwriters]] [[Category:20th-century apocalypticists]] [[Category:American conspiracy theorists]] [[Category:American folk rock musicians]] [[Category:American former Scientologists]] [[Category:American founders]] [[Category:American male criminals]] [[Category:American male singer-songwriters]] [[Category:American mass murderers]] [[Category:American rapists]] [[Category:Founders of new religious movements]] [[Category:History of Los Angeles]] [[Category:Manson Family]] [[Category:American outsider musicians]] [[Category:People wey komot Cincinnati]] [[Category:People plus antisocial personality disorder]] [[Category:People plus schizophrenia]] [[Category:Self-declared messiahs]] [[Category:Singer-songwriters wey komot Ohio]] [[Category:Western Union people]] [[Category:American environmentalists]] 53nv72iobbxo3f6ppidzpahune35wtz 0 21022 97687 97613 2026-05-07T00:22:23Z DaSupremo 9 Reverted edit by [[Special:Contributions/Kwasi Rex|Kwasi Rex]] ([[User talk:Kwasi Rex|talk]]) to last revision by [[User:BA Ocansey|BA Ocansey]] 78670 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mercy Asiedu''' (dem born am born 9 May 1971)<ref name=":0">Abedu-Kennedy, Dorcas (2020-07-11). [https://www.adomonline.com/10-photos-of-mercy-asiedu-that-show-that-age-is-just-a-number/ "10 photos of Mercy Asiedu that show that age is just a number"]. ''Adomonline.com''. Retrieved 2021-04-14.</ref> be Ghanaian veteran actress who has contributed to de growth of de movie industry.<ref name=":0" /><ref>Serwaa, Adwoa (2014-11-20). [https://books.google.com/books?id=aoxhdb8wd50C&q=%22Mercy+Asiedu%22+-wikipedia&pg=PA2 ''Graphic Showbiz: Issue 946 November 20-23, 2014''.] Graphic Communications Group.</ref><ref>Dadson, Nanabanyin (2011-01-06). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=lxJeAxMYWlAC&q=%22Mercy+Asiedu%22+-wikipedia&pg=PA7 Graphic Showbiz: Issue 656 January 6-12 2011]''. Graphic Communications Group.</ref> She be known give de role she played insyd ''Concert Party'' den ''Asoreba.''<ref>Asumadu (2016-05-10). [https://newsghana.com.gh/kumawood-actress-mercy-asiedu-celebrates-birthday-as-a-queen/ "Mercy Asiedu celebrates birthday as a Queen"]. ''News Ghana''. Retrieved 2021-04-14.</ref><ref>Owusu-Amoah, Gifty (22 June 2019). [https://www.graphic.com.gh/homepage.html?view=article&id=139877:new-season-of-concert-party-starts-june-23-2019&catid=261 "New season of Concert Party starts June 23,2019"]. ''Graphic Online''. Retrieved 14 April 2021.</ref> She sanso be known as being one of de popular ''Kumawood'' actresses, starring insyd several roles insyd de 2000s.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210414085153/https://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/videos/201911/14718.php "Mercy Asiedu, Other Kumawood Actors Clash On United Showbiz With Nana Ama McBrown"]. ''Peacefmonline.com - Ghana news''. Retrieved 2021-04-14.</ref> == Ein Career == Before venturing into acting, Mercy Asiedu worked as a seamstress.<ref name=":1">[https://www.myjoyonline.com/from-seamstress-to-actress-the-25-year-journey-of-mercy-asiedu/ "From seamstress to actress: The 25-year journey of Mercy Asiedu - MyJoyOnline"]. ''www.myjoyonline.com''. 2021-09-21. Retrieved 2024-08-24.</ref> Ein entry into de world of acting was facilitated by ein godfather, Apostle Kwadwo Sarfo. She initially performed plus a small entertainment group, entertaining church congregations, especially during conventions. "I used to perform at church conventions," she recounted. De 50-year-old actress has often credited Apostle Kwadwo Sarfo give recognizing ein talent den encouraging am den ein colleagues to pursue acting. She recounted to Becky dat Apostle Sarfo invite am, Agyekoo, den Akrobeto to join de concert party crew, as dem be already involved insyd similar activities. "My godfather supported us by writing a story to help us advance insyd our acting careers, telling us dat one day it would prove valuable," she recalled. Mercy Asiedu's career flourished as she went on to star insyd numerous films, wey dey include ''Obaakofou'', ''Sumsum'', ''Aware'', ''Kakra Yebedie'', ''Agya Koo Trotro'', ''Ghana Yonko'', ''Emma Dodo Kunu'', ''Divine Prayer'', ''Obi Yaa'', ''Sama Te Fie'', den ''Old Soldier''. Ein role insyd de film ''Asoreba significantly'' boosted ein recognition among global audiences. "Since den, I've appeared insyd countless movies. ''Asoreba'' introduced me to a broader audience, den it's one of my favourite films, alongside ''I Know My Right''. I'm proud of wat I've achieved ova de years," she expressed for JoyNews top. Born on May 9, 1971, Mercy Asiedu be veteran Ghanaian actress wey has made significant contributions to de film industry. She gained fame give ein roles insyd de 1990s Ghanaian stage drama ''Concert Party'' den became one of de prominent Kumawood actresses of de 2000s, known give ein versatility den give often taking on controversial roles. Ein acting journey began insyd ein teenage years as part of de Kristo Asafo Concert Party group.<ref name=":1" /> She be known give de controversial roles she has played insyd movies.<ref>[https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Mercy-Asiedu-welcomes-first-child-with-husband-after-3-years-of-marriage-1091851 "Mercy Asiedu welcomes first child with husband after 3 years of marriage"]. ''www.ghanaweb.com''. 2020-10-24. Retrieved 2020-11-22.</ref> She has acted insyd several Kumawood movies, movies from Kumasi produced insyd de local dialect of de Akans, Twi.<ref>[https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Kumkum-Bhagya-not-a-threat-to-Kumawood-Mercy-Asiedu-454694 "Kumkum Bhagya not a threat to Kumawood - Mercy Asiedu"]. ''GhanaWeb''. 2016-07-12. Retrieved 2021-04-14.</ref><ref>[https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Lilwin-Mercy-Asiedu-and-others-star-in-new-movie-Yi-Wani-448669 "Lilwin, Mercy Asiedu and others star in new movie 'Yi Wani'"]. ''GhanaWeb''. 2016-06-18. Retrieved 2021-04-14.</ref> She has been insyd movies plus Agya Koo, Lil Win, Kwaku Manu, Aboagye Brenya to mention a few.<ref>Arthur, Erica Nana. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220129080543/https://starrfm.com.gh/2021/10/kumawood-actor-agya-brenya-reported-dead/ "Kumawood Actor Agya Brenya reported dead — Starr Fm"]. Retrieved 2021-10-02.</ref> == Ein Personal life == On 2 April 2017, she married Nana Agyemang Badu Duah, a chief of Kunsu insyd de Ahafo Ano South District insyd de Ashanti Region.<ref name=":0" /><ref>Mensah, Jeffrey (2021-02-16). [https://yen.com.gh/182594-mercy-asiedu-kumawood-actress-flaunts-husband-on-vals-day-mcbrown-awuni-react.html "Mercy Asiedu flaunts handsome husband in loved-up photo; McBrown, Awuni shout"]. ''Yen.com.gh - Ghana news''. Retrieved 2021-04-14.</ref><ref>[https://www.pulse.com.gh/entertainment/celebrities/mercy-asiedu-and-hubby-celebrate-4th-wedding-anniversary/gc1j1zk "Photo: Mercy Asiedu and hubby celebrate 4th wedding anniversary"]. ''Pulse Ghana''. 2021-04-03. Retrieved 2021-04-14.</ref> She has three children, two sons den a daughter.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210414085153/https://theindependentghana.com/2020/03/mercy-asiedu-flaunts-her-adorable-son-on-social-media-for-the-first-time/ "Mercy Asiedu flaunts her adorable son on social media for the first time"]. ''The Independent Ghana''. 2020-03-11. Retrieved 2021-04-14.</ref><ref>Mensah, Jeffrey (2020-07-09). [https://yen.com.gh/162463-mercy-asiedu-kumawood-actress-daughter-pops-photo.html "Photos of Kumawood actress Mercy Asiedu's only daughter pop up"]. ''Yen.com.gh - Ghana news''. Retrieved 2021-04-14.</ref> * Eye Asem (2011) as Bruwaa * Obidee Aba (2005) as Maame Nyarkoaa * Asoreba (2007) * Akurasi Burgers (2008) as Frema === Politics === Insyd September 2016, she endorsed de presidential candidate of de New Patriotic Party, Nana Addo Dankwa Akufo-Addo.<ref>[https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Kumawood-s-Mercy-Asiedu-endorses-Nana-Addo-473288 "Kumawood's Mercy Asiedu endorses Nana Addo"]. ''GhanaWeb''. 2016-09-29. Retrieved 2021-04-14.</ref> Insyd July 2016, she came out to say dat she would curse anyone who made claims dat she had collected money to campaign give de den-ruling National Democratic Congress.<ref>[https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/I-ll-curse-anyone-who-says-I-m-for-NDC-Mercy-Asiedu-447464 "I'll curse anyone who says I'm for NDC – Mercy Asiedu"]. ''GhanaWeb''. 2016-06-14. Retrieved 2021-04-14.</ref> == Ein Filmography == * Obaa Hemaa (2007) as Abrafi * Susubiribi (2013) as Kwaku's Mum * Kakra A Yebedie Nti (2006) as Maame Achia * Agya Koo Trotro Driver (2012) * Ghana Yonko * Emaa doduo Kunu * Eye Asem (2011) as Bruwaa * Obidee Aba (2005) as Maame Nyarkoaa * Asoreba (2007) * Akurasi Burgers (2008) as Frema == References == <references /> == External links == * [[imdbname:4133005|Mercy Asiedu on IMDb]] * [https://www.instagram.com/oheneyere_mercyasiedu/?hl=en Official Instagram Page] * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GNcTffkjqkE DELAY interviews Mercy Asiedu] [[Category:Ghanaians]] [[Category:1971 births]] [[Category:Human]] [[Category:21st-century Ghanaian actresses]] [[Category:Ghanaian film actresses]] [[Category:People wey komot Ashanti Region]] 9cov97m5w45nt2yxorcmbgxwgigix80 1 26729 97688 97659 2026-05-07T00:25:36Z DaSupremo 9 /* Double space */ Reply 97688 wikitext text/x-wiki == Double space == OECD. 2022. – ([http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/economics/oecd-economic-surveys-canada_19990081 Previous surveys]) :Please delete the 2nd space. [[User:Varlaam|Varlaam]] ([[User talk:Varlaam|talk]]) 23:29, 5 May 2026 (GMT) :Hello @[[User:Varlaam|Varlaam]], please which '2nd space' are you referring to? [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 00:25, 7 May 2026 (GMT) 0saer8e1fk68oty0hievrnzaenldk7t 0 26735 97673 97672 2026-05-06T22:07:30Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97673 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Plantar fasciitis''' anaa '''plantar heel pain''' be a disorder of de plantar fascia, wich be de connective tissue wey dey support de arch of de foot.<ref name="Bee_20142">{{cite journal |vauthors=Beeson P |date=September 2014 |title=Plantar fasciopathy: revisiting the risk factors |url=http://nectar.northampton.ac.uk/6575/1/Beeson20146575.pdf |journal=Foot and Ankle Surgery |volume=20 |issue=3 |pages=160–165 |doi=10.1016/j.fas.2014.03.003 |pmid=25103701}}</ref> E dey result in pain insyd de heel den bottom of de foot wey usually be most severe plus de first steps of de day anaa following a period of rest.<ref name="Bee_20142" /><ref name="Goff_2011"/> Pain be sanso frequently brought on by bending de foot den toes up towards de shin.<ref name="Goff_2011">{{cite journal | vauthors = Goff JD, Crawford R | title = Diagnosis and treatment of plantar fasciitis | journal = American Family Physician | volume = 84 | issue = 6 | pages = 676–682 | date = September 2011 | pmid = 21916393 | url = https://www.aafp.org/afp/2011/0915/p676.html }}</ref><ref name="Rosenbaum_20142">{{cite journal |vauthors=Rosenbaum AJ, DiPreta JA, Misener D |date=March 2014 |title=Plantar heel pain |journal=The Medical Clinics of North America |volume=98 |issue=2 |pages=339–352 |doi=10.1016/j.mcna.2013.10.009 |pmid=24559879}}</ref> De pain typically dey cam on gradually, wey e dey affect both feet in about one-third of cases.<ref name="Bee_20142" /><ref name="Rosenbaum_20142" /> De cause of plantar fasciitis no be entirely clear.<ref name="Bee_20142" /> Risk factors dey include overuse, such as from long periods of standing, an increase in exercise, den [[obesity]].<ref name="Bee_20142" /><ref name="Goff_2011" /> E sanso be associated plus inward rolling of de foot, a tight Calf muscle den Achilles tendon, den a sedentary lifestyle.<ref name="Bee_20142" /><ref name="Goff_2011" /> E be unclear if heel spurs get a role in causing plantar fasciitis even though dem be commonly present insyd people wey get de condition.<ref name="Bee_20142" /> Plantar fasciitis be a disorder of de insertion site of de ligament on de bone wey be characterized by micro tears, breakdown of collagen, den scarring.<ref name="Bee_20142" /> Since inflammation dey play either a lesser anaa no role, a review proposed wey be disorder be renamed '''plantar fasciosis'''.<ref name="Bee_20142" /><ref name="Lareau_2014">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lareau CR, Sawyer GA, Wang JH, DiGiovanni CW |date=June 2014 |title=Plantar and medial heel pain: diagnosis and management |journal=The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons |volume=22 |issue=6 |pages=372–380 |doi=10.5435/JAAOS-22-06-372 |pmid=24860133 |s2cid=43241954}}</ref> De presentation of de symptoms be generally de basis for diagnosis. Oda conditions plus similar symptoms dey include [[osteoarthritis]], [[ankylosing spondylitis]], heel pad syndrome, den reactive arthritis.<ref name="Cutts_20122">{{cite journal |vauthors=Cutts S, Obi N, Pasapula C, Chan W |date=November 2012 |title=Plantar fasciitis |journal=Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England |volume=94 |issue=8 |pages=539–542 |doi=10.1308/003588412X13171221592456 |pmc=3954277 |pmid=23131221}}</ref><ref name="Tu_2011">{{cite journal | vauthors = Tu P, Bytomski JR | title = Diagnosis of heel pain | journal = American Family Physician | volume = 84 | issue = 8 | pages = 909–916 | date = October 2011 | pmid = 22010770 | url = https://www.aafp.org/afp/2011/1015/p909.html }}</ref> Ultrasound fi be useful in cases wer de symptoms make diagnosis less certain.<ref name="Bee_20142" /> Chaw cases of plantar fasciitis dey resolve plus time den conservative methods of treatment.<ref name="Goff_2011"/><ref name="Tahririan_2012">{{cite journal | vauthors = Tahririan MA, Motififard M, Tahmasebi MN, Siavashi B | title = Plantar fasciitis | journal = Journal of Research in Medical Sciences | volume = 17 | issue = 8 | pages = 799–804 | date = August 2012 | pmid = 23798950 | pmc = 3687890 }}</ref> For de first few weeks, those wey be affected usually be advised to rest, change dema activities, take pain medications, den stretch.<ref name="Goff_2011"/> If dis no be sufficient, physiotherapy, orthotics, splinting, anaa steroid injections fi be options.<ref name="Goff_2011"/> If dese measures no be effective, additional measures fi include extracorporeal shockwave therapy anaa surgery.<ref name="Goff_2011"/> == References == <references /> == External links == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] j4ii6pdti7711cvidv232mtn2qpbm6p 97674 97673 2026-05-06T22:25:16Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97674 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Plantar fasciitis''' anaa '''plantar heel pain''' be a disorder of de plantar fascia, wich be de connective tissue wey dey support de arch of de foot.<ref name="Bee_20142">{{cite journal |vauthors=Beeson P |date=September 2014 |title=Plantar fasciopathy: revisiting the risk factors |url=http://nectar.northampton.ac.uk/6575/1/Beeson20146575.pdf |journal=Foot and Ankle Surgery |volume=20 |issue=3 |pages=160–165 |doi=10.1016/j.fas.2014.03.003 |pmid=25103701}}</ref> E dey result in pain insyd de heel den bottom of de foot wey usually be most severe plus de first steps of de day anaa following a period of rest.<ref name="Bee_20142" /><ref name="Goff_2011"/> Pain be sanso frequently brought on by bending de foot den toes up towards de shin.<ref name="Goff_2011">{{cite journal | vauthors = Goff JD, Crawford R | title = Diagnosis and treatment of plantar fasciitis | journal = American Family Physician | volume = 84 | issue = 6 | pages = 676–682 | date = September 2011 | pmid = 21916393 | url = https://www.aafp.org/afp/2011/0915/p676.html }}</ref><ref name="Rosenbaum_20142">{{cite journal |vauthors=Rosenbaum AJ, DiPreta JA, Misener D |date=March 2014 |title=Plantar heel pain |journal=The Medical Clinics of North America |volume=98 |issue=2 |pages=339–352 |doi=10.1016/j.mcna.2013.10.009 |pmid=24559879}}</ref> De pain typically dey cam on gradually, wey e dey affect both feet in about one-third of cases.<ref name="Bee_20142" /><ref name="Rosenbaum_20142" /> De cause of plantar fasciitis no be entirely clear.<ref name="Bee_20142" /> Risk factors dey include overuse, such as from long periods of standing, an increase in exercise, den [[obesity]].<ref name="Bee_20142" /><ref name="Goff_2011" /> E sanso be associated plus inward rolling of de foot, a tight Calf muscle den Achilles tendon, den a sedentary lifestyle.<ref name="Bee_20142" /><ref name="Goff_2011" /> E be unclear if heel spurs get a role in causing plantar fasciitis even though dem be commonly present insyd people wey get de condition.<ref name="Bee_20142" /> Plantar fasciitis be a disorder of de insertion site of de ligament on de bone wey be characterized by micro tears, breakdown of collagen, den scarring.<ref name="Bee_20142" /> Since inflammation dey play either a lesser anaa no role, a review proposed wey be disorder be renamed '''plantar fasciosis'''.<ref name="Bee_20142" /><ref name="Lareau_2014">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lareau CR, Sawyer GA, Wang JH, DiGiovanni CW |date=June 2014 |title=Plantar and medial heel pain: diagnosis and management |journal=The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons |volume=22 |issue=6 |pages=372–380 |doi=10.5435/JAAOS-22-06-372 |pmid=24860133 |s2cid=43241954}}</ref> De presentation of de symptoms be generally de basis for diagnosis. Oda conditions plus similar symptoms dey include [[osteoarthritis]], [[ankylosing spondylitis]], heel pad syndrome, den reactive arthritis.<ref name="Cutts_20122">{{cite journal |vauthors=Cutts S, Obi N, Pasapula C, Chan W |date=November 2012 |title=Plantar fasciitis |journal=Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England |volume=94 |issue=8 |pages=539–542 |doi=10.1308/003588412X13171221592456 |pmc=3954277 |pmid=23131221}}</ref><ref name="Tu_2011">{{cite journal | vauthors = Tu P, Bytomski JR | title = Diagnosis of heel pain | journal = American Family Physician | volume = 84 | issue = 8 | pages = 909–916 | date = October 2011 | pmid = 22010770 | url = https://www.aafp.org/afp/2011/1015/p909.html }}</ref> Ultrasound fi be useful in cases wer de symptoms make diagnosis less certain.<ref name="Bee_20142" /> Chaw cases of plantar fasciitis dey resolve plus time den conservative methods of treatment.<ref name="Goff_2011"/><ref name="Tahririan_2012">{{cite journal | vauthors = Tahririan MA, Motififard M, Tahmasebi MN, Siavashi B | title = Plantar fasciitis | journal = Journal of Research in Medical Sciences | volume = 17 | issue = 8 | pages = 799–804 | date = August 2012 | pmid = 23798950 | pmc = 3687890 }}</ref> For de first few weeks, those wey be affected usually be advised to rest, change dema activities, take pain medications, den stretch.<ref name="Goff_2011"/> If dis no be sufficient, physiotherapy, orthotics, splinting, anaa steroid injections fi be options.<ref name="Goff_2011"/> If dese measures no be effective, additional measures fi include extracorporeal shockwave therapy anaa surgery.<ref name="Goff_2011"/> Between 4% den 7% of de general population get heel pain at any given time: about 80% of dese be secof plantar fasciitis.<ref name="Bee_20142" /><ref name="Cutts_20122" /> Approximately 10% of people get de disorder at sam point during dema life.<ref name="Zhiyun_2013">{{cite journal | vauthors = Zhiyun L, Tao J, Zengwu S | title = Meta-analysis of high-energy extracorporeal shock wave therapy in recalcitrant plantar fasciitis | journal = [[Swiss Medical Weekly]] | volume = 143 | pages = w13825 | date = July 2013 | pmid = 23832373 | doi = 10.4414/smw.2013.13825 | doi-access = free }}</ref> E cam be more common plus age.<ref name="Bee_20142" /> E be unclear if one sex be more affected dan de oda.<ref name="Bee_20142" /> == References == <references /> == External links == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] mu9281l3lr8plbbngzgz9vjhuwzo42z 97675 97674 2026-05-06T22:40:12Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97675 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Plantar fasciitis''' anaa '''plantar heel pain''' be a disorder of de plantar fascia, wich be de connective tissue wey dey support de arch of de foot.<ref name="Bee_20142">{{cite journal |vauthors=Beeson P |date=September 2014 |title=Plantar fasciopathy: revisiting the risk factors |url=http://nectar.northampton.ac.uk/6575/1/Beeson20146575.pdf |journal=Foot and Ankle Surgery |volume=20 |issue=3 |pages=160–165 |doi=10.1016/j.fas.2014.03.003 |pmid=25103701}}</ref> E dey result in pain insyd de heel den bottom of de foot wey usually be most severe plus de first steps of de day anaa following a period of rest.<ref name="Bee_20142" /><ref name="Goff_2011"/> Pain be sanso frequently brought on by bending de foot den toes up towards de shin.<ref name="Goff_2011">{{cite journal | vauthors = Goff JD, Crawford R | title = Diagnosis and treatment of plantar fasciitis | journal = American Family Physician | volume = 84 | issue = 6 | pages = 676–682 | date = September 2011 | pmid = 21916393 | url = https://www.aafp.org/afp/2011/0915/p676.html }}</ref><ref name="Rosenbaum_20142">{{cite journal |vauthors=Rosenbaum AJ, DiPreta JA, Misener D |date=March 2014 |title=Plantar heel pain |journal=The Medical Clinics of North America |volume=98 |issue=2 |pages=339–352 |doi=10.1016/j.mcna.2013.10.009 |pmid=24559879}}</ref> De pain typically dey cam on gradually, wey e dey affect both feet in about one-third of cases.<ref name="Bee_20142" /><ref name="Rosenbaum_20142" /> De cause of plantar fasciitis no be entirely clear.<ref name="Bee_20142" /> Risk factors dey include overuse, such as from long periods of standing, an increase in exercise, den [[obesity]].<ref name="Bee_20142" /><ref name="Goff_2011" /> E sanso be associated plus inward rolling of de foot, a tight Calf muscle den Achilles tendon, den a sedentary lifestyle.<ref name="Bee_20142" /><ref name="Goff_2011" /> E be unclear if heel spurs get a role in causing plantar fasciitis even though dem be commonly present insyd people wey get de condition.<ref name="Bee_20142" /> Plantar fasciitis be a disorder of de insertion site of de ligament on de bone wey be characterized by micro tears, breakdown of collagen, den scarring.<ref name="Bee_20142" /> Since inflammation dey play either a lesser anaa no role, a review proposed wey be disorder be renamed '''plantar fasciosis'''.<ref name="Bee_20142" /><ref name="Lareau_2014">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lareau CR, Sawyer GA, Wang JH, DiGiovanni CW |date=June 2014 |title=Plantar and medial heel pain: diagnosis and management |journal=The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons |volume=22 |issue=6 |pages=372–380 |doi=10.5435/JAAOS-22-06-372 |pmid=24860133 |s2cid=43241954}}</ref> De presentation of de symptoms be generally de basis for diagnosis. Oda conditions plus similar symptoms dey include [[osteoarthritis]], [[ankylosing spondylitis]], heel pad syndrome, den reactive arthritis.<ref name="Cutts_20122">{{cite journal |vauthors=Cutts S, Obi N, Pasapula C, Chan W |date=November 2012 |title=Plantar fasciitis |journal=Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England |volume=94 |issue=8 |pages=539–542 |doi=10.1308/003588412X13171221592456 |pmc=3954277 |pmid=23131221}}</ref><ref name="Tu_2011">{{cite journal | vauthors = Tu P, Bytomski JR | title = Diagnosis of heel pain | journal = American Family Physician | volume = 84 | issue = 8 | pages = 909–916 | date = October 2011 | pmid = 22010770 | url = https://www.aafp.org/afp/2011/1015/p909.html }}</ref> Ultrasound fi be useful in cases wer de symptoms make diagnosis less certain.<ref name="Bee_20142" /> Chaw cases of plantar fasciitis dey resolve plus time den conservative methods of treatment.<ref name="Goff_2011"/><ref name="Tahririan_2012">{{cite journal | vauthors = Tahririan MA, Motififard M, Tahmasebi MN, Siavashi B | title = Plantar fasciitis | journal = Journal of Research in Medical Sciences | volume = 17 | issue = 8 | pages = 799–804 | date = August 2012 | pmid = 23798950 | pmc = 3687890 }}</ref> For de first few weeks, those wey be affected usually be advised to rest, change dema activities, take pain medications, den stretch.<ref name="Goff_2011"/> If dis no be sufficient, physiotherapy, orthotics, splinting, anaa steroid injections fi be options.<ref name="Goff_2011"/> If dese measures no be effective, additional measures fi include extracorporeal shockwave therapy anaa surgery.<ref name="Goff_2011"/> Between 4% den 7% of de general population get heel pain at any given time: about 80% of dese be secof plantar fasciitis.<ref name="Bee_20142" /><ref name="Cutts_20122" /> Approximately 10% of people get de disorder at sam point during dema life.<ref name="Zhiyun_2013">{{cite journal | vauthors = Zhiyun L, Tao J, Zengwu S | title = Meta-analysis of high-energy extracorporeal shock wave therapy in recalcitrant plantar fasciitis | journal = [[Swiss Medical Weekly]] | volume = 143 | pages = w13825 | date = July 2013 | pmid = 23832373 | doi = 10.4414/smw.2013.13825 | doi-access = free }}</ref> E cam be more common plus age.<ref name="Bee_20142" /> E be unclear if one sex be more affected dan de oda.<ref name="Bee_20142" /> == References == <references /> == External links == {{commons}} * {{cite web |title=Plantar fasciitis and bone spurs |publisher=[[American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons]] |url=http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00149}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Plantar Fasciitis}} [[Category:Articles wey dey contain video clips]] [[Category:Disorders of fascia]] [[Category:Foot diseases]] [[Category:Inflammations|Fasciitis, plantar]] [[Category:Overuse injuries]] [[Category:Soft tissue disorders]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 48m6m3y1pu7rax8sqrqyphw9pgr4sl4 0 26736 97676 2026-05-06T22:45:32Z DaSupremo 9 Created by translating the page [[:mdwiki:Special:Redirect/revision/1458010|Lisinopril]] to:gpe #mdwikicx 97676 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] r0gf7axtnvt68k0p85plnlehx64o08u 97679 97676 2026-05-06T23:24:38Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97679 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Lisinopril''' be a medication wey dey belong to de drug class of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors wey e be used to treat [[hypertension]] (high blood pressure), [[heart failure]], den [[myocardial infarction|heart attacks]].<ref name="AHFS20182">{{cite web |title=Lisinopril Monograph for Professionals |url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/lisinopril.html |access-date=23 December 2018 |website=Drugs.com |publisher=American Society of Health-System Pharmacists}}</ref> For high blood pressure e usually be a first-line treatment. Dem sanso dey use am to prevent kidney problems insyd people plus [[diabetes]] mellitus.<ref name="AHFS20182" /> Dem dey take lisinopril orally (dem swallow by mouth).<ref name="AHFS20182" /> Full effect fi take up to four weeks to occur.<ref name="AHFS20182" /> == References == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] <references /> == External links == i7hfh8cpyod8uv8s0ef12s3uslzwto6 97680 97679 2026-05-07T00:00:38Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97680 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Lisinopril''' be a medication wey dey belong to de drug class of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors wey e be used to treat [[hypertension]] (high blood pressure), [[heart failure]], den [[myocardial infarction|heart attacks]].<ref name="AHFS20182">{{cite web |title=Lisinopril Monograph for Professionals |url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/lisinopril.html |access-date=23 December 2018 |website=Drugs.com |publisher=American Society of Health-System Pharmacists}}</ref> For high blood pressure e usually be a first-line treatment. Dem sanso dey use am to prevent kidney problems insyd people plus [[diabetes]] mellitus.<ref name="AHFS20182" /> Dem dey take lisinopril orally (dem swallow by mouth).<ref name="AHFS20182" /> Full effect fi take up to four weeks to occur.<ref name="AHFS20182" /> Common side effects dey include headache, dizziness, feeling tired, cough, nausea, den rash.<ref name="AHFS20182" /> Serious side effects fi include low blood pressure, liver problems, hyperkalemia (high blood potassium), den angioedema.<ref name="AHFS20182" /> Ein use no be recommended during de entire duration of pregnancy as e fi harm de baby.<ref name="AHFS20182" /> Lisinopril dey work by inhibiting de renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system.<ref name="AHFS20182" /> == References == <references /> == External links == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] spxlyj3tt7mrudde0fmqe2gd56pl190 97681 97680 2026-05-07T00:10:04Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97681 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Lisinopril''' be a medication wey dey belong to de drug class of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors wey e be used to treat [[hypertension]] (high blood pressure), [[heart failure]], den [[myocardial infarction|heart attacks]].<ref name="AHFS20182">{{cite web |title=Lisinopril Monograph for Professionals |url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/lisinopril.html |access-date=23 December 2018 |website=Drugs.com |publisher=American Society of Health-System Pharmacists}}</ref> For high blood pressure e usually be a first-line treatment. Dem sanso dey use am to prevent kidney problems insyd people plus [[diabetes]] mellitus.<ref name="AHFS20182" /> Dem dey take lisinopril orally (dem swallow by mouth).<ref name="AHFS20182" /> Full effect fi take up to four weeks to occur.<ref name="AHFS20182" /> Common side effects dey include headache, dizziness, feeling tired, cough, nausea, den rash.<ref name="AHFS20182" /> Serious side effects fi include low blood pressure, liver problems, hyperkalemia (high blood potassium), den angioedema.<ref name="AHFS20182" /> Ein use no be recommended during de entire duration of pregnancy as e fi harm de baby.<ref name="AHFS20182" /> Lisinopril dey work by inhibiting de renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system.<ref name="AHFS20182" /> Dem patent lisinopril insyd 1978 wey dem approve am for medical use insyd de [[United States]] insyd 1987.<ref name="AHFS20182" /><ref name=Fis2006>{{cite book | vauthors = Fischer J, Ganellin CR |title=Analogue-based Drug Discovery |date=2006 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=978-3-527-60749-5 |page=467 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FjKfqkaKkAAC&pg=PA467 }}</ref> E be available as a generic medication.<ref name="AHFS20182" /> Insyd 2023, na e be de fourth most commonly prescribed medication insyd de United States, plus more dan 76{{nbsp}}million prescriptions.<ref name="Top 300 of 2023">{{cite web | title=The Top 300 of 2023 | url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx | website=ClinCalc | access-date=12 August 2025 | archive-date=12 August 2025 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250812130026/https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title = Lisinopril Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2014 - 2023 | website = ClinCalc | url = https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/Lisinopril | access-date = 12 August 2025 }}</ref> E be available in combination plus [[amlodipine]] (as lisinopril/amlodipine) den in combination plus hydrochlorothiazide (as lisinopril/hydrochlorothiazide). == References == <references /> == External links == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] ah7bvihd64l5ndp4wq4qtxupnyr6n3n 97682 97681 2026-05-07T00:13:14Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 97682 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Lisinopril''' be a medication wey dey belong to de drug class of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors wey e be used to treat [[hypertension]] (high blood pressure), [[heart failure]], den [[myocardial infarction|heart attacks]].<ref name="AHFS20182">{{cite web |title=Lisinopril Monograph for Professionals |url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/lisinopril.html |access-date=23 December 2018 |website=Drugs.com |publisher=American Society of Health-System Pharmacists}}</ref> For high blood pressure e usually be a first-line treatment. Dem sanso dey use am to prevent kidney problems insyd people plus [[diabetes]] mellitus.<ref name="AHFS20182" /> Dem dey take lisinopril orally (dem swallow by mouth).<ref name="AHFS20182" /> Full effect fi take up to four weeks to occur.<ref name="AHFS20182" /> Common side effects dey include headache, dizziness, feeling tired, cough, nausea, den rash.<ref name="AHFS20182" /> Serious side effects fi include low blood pressure, liver problems, hyperkalemia (high blood potassium), den angioedema.<ref name="AHFS20182" /> Ein use no be recommended during de entire duration of pregnancy as e fi harm de baby.<ref name="AHFS20182" /> Lisinopril dey work by inhibiting de renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system.<ref name="AHFS20182" /> Dem patent lisinopril insyd 1978 wey dem approve am for medical use insyd de [[United States]] insyd 1987.<ref name="AHFS20182" /><ref name=Fis2006>{{cite book | vauthors = Fischer J, Ganellin CR |title=Analogue-based Drug Discovery |date=2006 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=978-3-527-60749-5 |page=467 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FjKfqkaKkAAC&pg=PA467 }}</ref> E be available as a generic medication.<ref name="AHFS20182" /> Insyd 2023, na e be de fourth most commonly prescribed medication insyd de United States, plus more dan 76{{nbsp}}million prescriptions.<ref name="Top 300 of 2023">{{cite web | title=The Top 300 of 2023 | url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx | website=ClinCalc | access-date=12 August 2025 | archive-date=12 August 2025 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250812130026/https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title = Lisinopril Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2014 - 2023 | website = ClinCalc | url = https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/Lisinopril | access-date = 12 August 2025 }}</ref> E be available in combination plus [[amlodipine]] (as lisinopril/amlodipine) den in combination plus hydrochlorothiazide (as lisinopril/hydrochlorothiazide). == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * {{cite journal | vauthors = Fogari R, Zoppi A, Corradi L, Lazzari P, Mugellini A, Lusardi P | title = Comparative effects of lisinopril and losartan on insulin sensitivity in the treatment of non diabetic hypertensive patients | journal = Br J Clin Pharmacol | volume = 46 | issue = 5 | pages = 467–71 |date=November 1998 | pmid = 9833600 | pmc = 1873694 | doi = 10.1046/j.1365-2125.1998.00811.x }} * {{cite journal | vauthors = Bussien JP, Waeber B, Nussberger J, Gomez HJ, Brunner HR | title = Once-daily lisinopril in hypertensive patients: Effect on blood pressure and the renin–angiotensin system | journal = Curr Therap Res | volume = 37 | pages = 342–51 | year = 1985 }} [[Category:ACE inhibitors]] [[Category:Alpha-Amino acids]] [[Category:Amino acid derivatives]] [[Category:Drugs wey AstraZeneca develop]] [[Category:Carboxamides]] [[Category:Carboxylic acids]] [[Category:Embryotoxicants]] [[Category:Enantiopure drugs]] [[Category:Drugs wey Merck & Co. develop]] [[Category:Pyrrolidines]] [[Category:Teratogens]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] pbfd98hhtbjcb44kofhepofqppwz2dd 0 26737 97677 2026-05-06T22:48:41Z DaSupremo 9 Created by translating the page [[:mdwiki:Special:Redirect/revision/1479713|Ramsay Hunt syndrome type 2]] to:gpe #mdwikicx 97677 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] r0gf7axtnvt68k0p85plnlehx64o08u 0 26738 97678 2026-05-06T22:53:08Z DaSupremo 9 Created by translating the page [[:mdwiki:Special:Redirect/revision/1456494|Celecoxib]] to:gpe #mdwikicx 97678 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] r0gf7axtnvt68k0p85plnlehx64o08u 14 26739 97683 2026-05-07T00:16:04Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 97683 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 14 26740 97684 2026-05-07T00:17:37Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 97684 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 14 26741 97685 2026-05-07T00:17:48Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 97685 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 14 26742 97686 2026-05-07T00:18:00Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 97686 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1