Wikipedia gpewiki https://gpe.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.9 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikipedia Wikipedia talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 27792 106242 106241 2026-07-04T15:09:02Z DaSupremo 9 /* Threats den preservation */ Make sum corrections 106242 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:LakeNatron satellite labelled.jpg|thumb|382x382px|The southern half of Lake Natron (top). [[:en:Fault_scarp|Fault scarps]] and the [[:en:Gelai_Volcano|Gelai Volcano]] can also be seen. Numerous near-white salt-crust "rafts" pepper the shallowest parts of the lake (inset).]] [[File:NatronSouthSide.jpg|thumb|308x308px|The lake with [[:en:Flamingo|flamingos]]]] [[File:Lengai from Natron.jpg|thumb|308x308px|[[:en:Ol_Doinyo_Lengai|Ol Doinyo Lengai]] seen from Lake Natron]] '''Lake Natron''' be a highly alkaline salt lake wey dey locate insyd north Ngorongoro District of Arusha Region insyd [[Tanzania]] plus ein far northern end wey dey cross into Kajiado County den Narok County insyd [[Kenya]]. E dey insyd de Gregory Rift, wich be de eastern branch of de East African Rift.<ref name="WWF">{{cite web|url=http://www.worldwildlife.org/ecoregions/at0901|title=Eastern Africa: Northern Tanzania, on the border with Kenya|work=World Wildlife Fund}}</ref> De lake be within de Lake Natron Basin, a Ramsar Site wetland of international significance.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lake Natron Basin {{!}} Ramsar Sites Information Service |url=https://rsis.ramsar.org/ris/1080 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20240226201653/https://rsis.ramsar.org/ris/1080 |archive-date=2024-02-26 |access-date=2026-07-03 |website=rsis.ramsar.org |language=en}}</ref> == Description == Dis lake be fed principally by de [[Southern Ewaso Ng'iro]] River, wich dey rise insyd central [[Kenya]], den by mineral-rich hot springs.<ref name="WWF"/> E be quite shallow, less dan {{convert|3|m|ft|spell=in}} deep, den dey vary insyd width wey dey depend on ein water level. De lake be a maximum of {{convert|57|km}} long den {{convert|22|km}} wide.<ref name="WWF"/> De surrounding area dey receive irregular seasonal rainfall, mainly between December den May wey dey total {{convert|800|mm|in}} per year.<ref name="WWF"/> Temperatures at de lake frequently be above {{convert|40|°C|°F}}.<ref name="WWF"/> High levels of evaporation lef behind natron (sodium carbonate decahydrate) den trona (sodium sesquicarbonate dihydrate). De alkalinity of de lake fi reach a pH of greater dan 12. According to Live Science, de lake ein high alkalinity be caused by sodium carbonate den oda minerals wey dey flow into de water from de surrounding environment. De surrounding bedrock be composed of alkaline, sodium-dominated trachyte lavas wey be laid down during de Pleistocene period. De lavas get significant amounts of carbonate buh low calcium den magnesium levels, wich allow de lake to concentrate into a caustic alkaline brine. Dese extreme chemical conditions create a harsh environment wer specialized organisms per fi survive.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lallanilla |first=Marc |date=2013-10-02 |title=Lake That Turns Animals to Stone? Not Quite |url=https://www.livescience.com/40135-photographer-rick-brandt-lake-natron.html |access-date=2026-05-07 |website=Live Science |language=en}}</ref> De chemical properties of de water be known to calcify de bodies of any living thing wey die insyd de lake.<ref>{{cite magazine| title=This Alkaline African Lake Turns Animals into Stone |author=Joseph Stromberg |date=2 October 2013 |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/this-alkaline-african-lake-turns-animals-into-stone-445359/ |magazine=Smithsonian Magazine |access-date=11 May 2023}}</ref> == Flora == De colour of de lake be characteristic of those wer very high evaporation rates dey occur. As water dey evaporate during de dry season, salinity levels dey increase to de point dat salt-loving microorganisms dey begin to thrive. Such halophile organisms dey include some cyanobacteria wey make dema own chow plus photosynthesis as plants do. De red accessory photosynthesizing pigment insyd de cyanobacteria dey produce de deep reds of de open water of de lake den de orange colours of de shallow parts of de lake. De alkali salt crust on de surface of de lake sanso often be coloured red anaa pink by de halophilic microorganisms wey dey live der. Salt marshes den freshwater wetlands around de edges of de lake do support a variety of plants. == Fauna == Chaw animals find de lake ein high temperature (up to {{convert|60|C|F|disp=sqbr}}) den ein high den variable salt content inhospitable.<ref>{{cite web |last=Swancer |first=Brent |title=The Bizarre Medusa Lake of Africa |url=https://mysteriousuniverse.org/2015/04/the-bizarre-medusa-lake-of-africa/ |date=20 April 2015 |access-date=1 June 2019}}</ref> Nonetheless, Lake Natron be home to sam endemic algae, invertebrates, den birds. Insyd de slightly less salty water around ein margins, sam fish sanso fi survive. De lake be de only regular breeding area insyd East Africa for de 2.5&nbsp;million lesser flamingoes, wey dema status of "near threatened" results from dema dependence on dis one location. Wen salinity increase, so do cyanobacteria, wey de lake sanso fi support more nests. Dese flamingoes, de single large flock insyd East Africa, gather along nearby saline lakes to feed on ''Spirulina'' (a blue-green algae plus red pigments). Lake Natron be a safe breeding location secof ein caustic environment be a barrier against predators wey dey try reach dema nests on seasonally forming evaporite islands. Greater flamingoes sanso dey breed for de mud flats top. De lake inspire de nature documentary ''The Crimson Wing: Mystery of the Flamingos'' by Disneynature, for ein close relationship plus de Lesser flamingoes as dema only regular breeding area. Two endemic fish species, de alkaline tilapias ''Alcolapia latilabris'' den ''A. ndalalani'', sanso dey thrive insyd de waters at de edges of de hot spring inlets. ''A. alcalica'' sanso be present insyd de lake, buh no be endemic. == Threats den preservation == De area around de salt lake no be inhabited buh der be sam herding den sam seasonal cultivation. Threats to de salinity balance from increased siltation influxes go cam from more projected logging insyd Natron watersheds den a planned hydroelectric power plant on de [[Ewaso Ng'iro]] across de border insyd [[Kenya]]. Although development plans dey include constructions of a dike at de north end of de lake to contain de freshwater, de threat of dilution to dis breeding ground still fi be serious. Der be no formal protection. A new threat to Lake Natron be de proposed development of a soda ash plant on ein shores. De plant go pump water from de lake den extract de sodium carbonate to convert to washing powder for export. Accompanying de plant go be housing for over 1000 workers, den a coal-fired power station to provide energy for de plant complex. In addition, der be a possibility de developers fi introduce a hybrid brine shrimp to increase de efficiency of extraction. According to Chris Magin, de RSPB ein international officer for Africa, ''"The chance of the lesser flamingoes continuing to breed in the face of such mayhem are next to zero. This development will leave lesser flamingoes in East Africa facing extinction"''. Dem born seventy-five percent of de world ein lesser flamingoes on Lake Natron.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Billock|first1=Jennifer|title=The Deadly Lake Where 75 Percent of the World's Lesser Flamingoes Are Born|url=http://www.smithsonianmag.com/travel/flamingos-find-life-among-death-180959265/|access-date=17 June 2016|work=[[Smithsonian (magazine)|Smithsonian]]|date=14 June 2016}}</ref> Currently a group of more dan fifty East African conservation den environmental institutions dey run a worldwide campaign to stop de planned construction of de soda ash factory by Tata Chemicals Ltd of Mumbai, India, den National Development Corporation of Tanzania. De group working under de umbrella name Lake Natron Consultative Group be co-ordinated by Ken Mwathe, Conservation Programme Manager at BirdLife International ein Africa Secretariat. As per communication insyd June 2008, Tata Chemicals no go proceed plus de Natron Project den further re-examination of dis project go be subject to de Ramsar Wetlands plan, wich be currently under preparation.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tatachemicals.com/downloads/Position%20Statement%20on%20the%20Lake%20Natron%20Project-13-06-08.pdf |title=Position Statement on the Lake Natron Project |date=13 June 2008 |access-date=7 October 2013 |publisher=Tata Chemicals |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005011839/http://www.tatachemicals.com/downloads/Position%20Statement%20on%20the%20Lake%20Natron%20Project-13-06-08.pdf |archive-date=5 October 2013 }}</ref> Secof ein unique biodiversity, Tanzania name de Lake Natron Basin to de Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance on 4 July 2001. De lake sanso be de World Wildlife Fund East African halophytics ecoregion. == Visiting the area == [[File:Lake Natron satellite.JPG|thumb|340x340px|Lake Natron as seen on NASA's [[:en:World_Wind|World Wind]] program]] Lake Natron get plenty campgrounds wey dey near di water, and na from here people dey start to climb [[:en:Ol_Doinyo_Lengai|Ol Doinyo Lengai]]. Di lake get big tourist attraction wey fit help [[:en:Ecotourism|ecotourism]] grow well. But di wahala wey dey affect di management na say dem no get general plan, money no dey enough for operation, no clear way to share di ecotourism benefits well, and di tourism infrastructure wey fit serve different type of visitors still dey poor. People fit also reach di lake from Shompole Conservancy for [[:en:Kenya|Kenya]].<ref>Shoo, Rehema Abeli (2020), "Ecotourism Potential and Challenges at Lake Natron Ramsar Site, Tanzania", ''Protected Areas in Northern Tanzania'', Geotechnologies and the Environment, vol. 22, Springer International Publishing, pp. 75–90, [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1007/978-3-030-43302-4_6|10.1007/978-3-030-43302-4_6]], ISBN 978-3-030-43301-7</ref> == References == 2qd06r9rn6y0yvexwxxisbnps92w9vb 106243 106242 2026-07-04T15:12:26Z DaSupremo 9 /* Visiting de area */ Make sum corrections 106243 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:LakeNatron satellite labelled.jpg|thumb|382x382px|The southern half of Lake Natron (top). [[:en:Fault_scarp|Fault scarps]] and the [[:en:Gelai_Volcano|Gelai Volcano]] can also be seen. Numerous near-white salt-crust "rafts" pepper the shallowest parts of the lake (inset).]] [[File:NatronSouthSide.jpg|thumb|308x308px|The lake with [[:en:Flamingo|flamingos]]]] [[File:Lengai from Natron.jpg|thumb|308x308px|[[:en:Ol_Doinyo_Lengai|Ol Doinyo Lengai]] seen from Lake Natron]] '''Lake Natron''' be a highly alkaline salt lake wey dey locate insyd north Ngorongoro District of Arusha Region insyd [[Tanzania]] plus ein far northern end wey dey cross into Kajiado County den Narok County insyd [[Kenya]]. E dey insyd de Gregory Rift, wich be de eastern branch of de East African Rift.<ref name="WWF">{{cite web|url=http://www.worldwildlife.org/ecoregions/at0901|title=Eastern Africa: Northern Tanzania, on the border with Kenya|work=World Wildlife Fund}}</ref> De lake be within de Lake Natron Basin, a Ramsar Site wetland of international significance.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lake Natron Basin {{!}} Ramsar Sites Information Service |url=https://rsis.ramsar.org/ris/1080 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20240226201653/https://rsis.ramsar.org/ris/1080 |archive-date=2024-02-26 |access-date=2026-07-03 |website=rsis.ramsar.org |language=en}}</ref> == Description == Dis lake be fed principally by de [[Southern Ewaso Ng'iro]] River, wich dey rise insyd central [[Kenya]], den by mineral-rich hot springs.<ref name="WWF"/> E be quite shallow, less dan {{convert|3|m|ft|spell=in}} deep, den dey vary insyd width wey dey depend on ein water level. De lake be a maximum of {{convert|57|km}} long den {{convert|22|km}} wide.<ref name="WWF"/> De surrounding area dey receive irregular seasonal rainfall, mainly between December den May wey dey total {{convert|800|mm|in}} per year.<ref name="WWF"/> Temperatures at de lake frequently be above {{convert|40|°C|°F}}.<ref name="WWF"/> High levels of evaporation lef behind natron (sodium carbonate decahydrate) den trona (sodium sesquicarbonate dihydrate). De alkalinity of de lake fi reach a pH of greater dan 12. According to Live Science, de lake ein high alkalinity be caused by sodium carbonate den oda minerals wey dey flow into de water from de surrounding environment. De surrounding bedrock be composed of alkaline, sodium-dominated trachyte lavas wey be laid down during de Pleistocene period. De lavas get significant amounts of carbonate buh low calcium den magnesium levels, wich allow de lake to concentrate into a caustic alkaline brine. Dese extreme chemical conditions create a harsh environment wer specialized organisms per fi survive.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lallanilla |first=Marc |date=2013-10-02 |title=Lake That Turns Animals to Stone? Not Quite |url=https://www.livescience.com/40135-photographer-rick-brandt-lake-natron.html |access-date=2026-05-07 |website=Live Science |language=en}}</ref> De chemical properties of de water be known to calcify de bodies of any living thing wey die insyd de lake.<ref>{{cite magazine| title=This Alkaline African Lake Turns Animals into Stone |author=Joseph Stromberg |date=2 October 2013 |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/this-alkaline-african-lake-turns-animals-into-stone-445359/ |magazine=Smithsonian Magazine |access-date=11 May 2023}}</ref> == Flora == De colour of de lake be characteristic of those wer very high evaporation rates dey occur. As water dey evaporate during de dry season, salinity levels dey increase to de point dat salt-loving microorganisms dey begin to thrive. Such halophile organisms dey include some cyanobacteria wey make dema own chow plus photosynthesis as plants do. De red accessory photosynthesizing pigment insyd de cyanobacteria dey produce de deep reds of de open water of de lake den de orange colours of de shallow parts of de lake. De alkali salt crust on de surface of de lake sanso often be coloured red anaa pink by de halophilic microorganisms wey dey live der. Salt marshes den freshwater wetlands around de edges of de lake do support a variety of plants. == Fauna == Chaw animals find de lake ein high temperature (up to {{convert|60|C|F|disp=sqbr}}) den ein high den variable salt content inhospitable.<ref>{{cite web |last=Swancer |first=Brent |title=The Bizarre Medusa Lake of Africa |url=https://mysteriousuniverse.org/2015/04/the-bizarre-medusa-lake-of-africa/ |date=20 April 2015 |access-date=1 June 2019}}</ref> Nonetheless, Lake Natron be home to sam endemic algae, invertebrates, den birds. Insyd de slightly less salty water around ein margins, sam fish sanso fi survive. De lake be de only regular breeding area insyd East Africa for de 2.5&nbsp;million lesser flamingoes, wey dema status of "near threatened" results from dema dependence on dis one location. Wen salinity increase, so do cyanobacteria, wey de lake sanso fi support more nests. Dese flamingoes, de single large flock insyd East Africa, gather along nearby saline lakes to feed on ''Spirulina'' (a blue-green algae plus red pigments). Lake Natron be a safe breeding location secof ein caustic environment be a barrier against predators wey dey try reach dema nests on seasonally forming evaporite islands. Greater flamingoes sanso dey breed for de mud flats top. De lake inspire de nature documentary ''The Crimson Wing: Mystery of the Flamingos'' by Disneynature, for ein close relationship plus de Lesser flamingoes as dema only regular breeding area. Two endemic fish species, de alkaline tilapias ''Alcolapia latilabris'' den ''A. ndalalani'', sanso dey thrive insyd de waters at de edges of de hot spring inlets. ''A. alcalica'' sanso be present insyd de lake, buh no be endemic. == Threats den preservation == De area around de salt lake no be inhabited buh der be sam herding den sam seasonal cultivation. Threats to de salinity balance from increased siltation influxes go cam from more projected logging insyd Natron watersheds den a planned hydroelectric power plant on de [[Ewaso Ng'iro]] across de border insyd [[Kenya]]. Although development plans dey include constructions of a dike at de north end of de lake to contain de freshwater, de threat of dilution to dis breeding ground still fi be serious. Der be no formal protection. A new threat to Lake Natron be de proposed development of a soda ash plant on ein shores. De plant go pump water from de lake den extract de sodium carbonate to convert to washing powder for export. Accompanying de plant go be housing for over 1000 workers, den a coal-fired power station to provide energy for de plant complex. In addition, der be a possibility de developers fi introduce a hybrid brine shrimp to increase de efficiency of extraction. According to Chris Magin, de RSPB ein international officer for Africa, ''"The chance of the lesser flamingoes continuing to breed in the face of such mayhem are next to zero. This development will leave lesser flamingoes in East Africa facing extinction"''. Dem born seventy-five percent of de world ein lesser flamingoes on Lake Natron.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Billock|first1=Jennifer|title=The Deadly Lake Where 75 Percent of the World's Lesser Flamingoes Are Born|url=http://www.smithsonianmag.com/travel/flamingos-find-life-among-death-180959265/|access-date=17 June 2016|work=[[Smithsonian (magazine)|Smithsonian]]|date=14 June 2016}}</ref> Currently a group of more dan fifty East African conservation den environmental institutions dey run a worldwide campaign to stop de planned construction of de soda ash factory by Tata Chemicals Ltd of Mumbai, India, den National Development Corporation of Tanzania. De group working under de umbrella name Lake Natron Consultative Group be co-ordinated by Ken Mwathe, Conservation Programme Manager at BirdLife International ein Africa Secretariat. As per communication insyd June 2008, Tata Chemicals no go proceed plus de Natron Project den further re-examination of dis project go be subject to de Ramsar Wetlands plan, wich be currently under preparation.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tatachemicals.com/downloads/Position%20Statement%20on%20the%20Lake%20Natron%20Project-13-06-08.pdf |title=Position Statement on the Lake Natron Project |date=13 June 2008 |access-date=7 October 2013 |publisher=Tata Chemicals |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005011839/http://www.tatachemicals.com/downloads/Position%20Statement%20on%20the%20Lake%20Natron%20Project-13-06-08.pdf |archive-date=5 October 2013 }}</ref> Secof ein unique biodiversity, Tanzania name de Lake Natron Basin to de Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance on 4 July 2001. De lake sanso be de World Wildlife Fund East African halophytics ecoregion. == Visiting de area == [[File:Lake Natron satellite.JPG|thumb|340x340px|Lake Natron as seen on NASA's [[:en:World_Wind|World Wind]] program]] Der be a number of campgrounds near de lake, wich sanso be de base for climbing Ol Doinyo Lengai. Lake Natron get tourist attraction potentials wey be important for ecotourism development. However, lack of a general management plan, inadequate funding at de operational level, lack of mechanisms to secure a fair distribution of ecotourism benefits, den poorly developed tourism infrastructural facilities to support diverse segments of tourists be identified as de main challenges dem associate plus de management of ecotourism insyd de area. De lake sanso fi be accessed from Shompole Conservancy [[Kenya]].<ref>{{Citation|last=Shoo|first=Rehema Abeli|chapter=Ecotourism Potential and Challenges at Lake Natron Ramsar Site, Tanzania|date=2020|title=Protected Areas in Northern Tanzania|series=Geotechnologies and the Environment|volume=22|pages=75–90|publisher=Springer International Publishing|doi=10.1007/978-3-030-43302-4_6|isbn=978-3-030-43301-7}}</ref> == References == jq5ebsfts5z6ko3qg0exi6268qi4aw0 106244 106243 2026-07-04T15:19:46Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 106244 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Lake Natron''' be a highly alkaline salt lake wey dey locate insyd north Ngorongoro District of Arusha Region insyd [[Tanzania]] plus ein far northern end wey dey cross into Kajiado County den Narok County insyd [[Kenya]]. E dey insyd de Gregory Rift, wich be de eastern branch of de East African Rift.<ref name="WWF">{{cite web|url=http://www.worldwildlife.org/ecoregions/at0901|title=Eastern Africa: Northern Tanzania, on the border with Kenya|work=World Wildlife Fund}}</ref> De lake be within de Lake Natron Basin, a Ramsar Site wetland of international significance.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lake Natron Basin {{!}} Ramsar Sites Information Service |url=https://rsis.ramsar.org/ris/1080 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20240226201653/https://rsis.ramsar.org/ris/1080 |archive-date=2024-02-26 |access-date=2026-07-03 |website=rsis.ramsar.org |language=en}}</ref> == Description == Dis lake be fed principally by de [[Southern Ewaso Ng'iro]] River, wich dey rise insyd central [[Kenya]], den by mineral-rich hot springs.<ref name="WWF"/> E be quite shallow, less dan {{convert|3|m|ft|spell=in}} deep, den dey vary insyd width wey dey depend on ein water level. De lake be a maximum of {{convert|57|km}} long den {{convert|22|km}} wide.<ref name="WWF"/> De surrounding area dey receive irregular seasonal rainfall, mainly between December den May wey dey total {{convert|800|mm|in}} per year.<ref name="WWF"/> Temperatures at de lake frequently be above {{convert|40|°C|°F}}.<ref name="WWF"/> High levels of evaporation lef behind natron (sodium carbonate decahydrate) den trona (sodium sesquicarbonate dihydrate). De alkalinity of de lake fi reach a pH of greater dan 12. According to Live Science, de lake ein high alkalinity be caused by sodium carbonate den oda minerals wey dey flow into de water from de surrounding environment. De surrounding bedrock be composed of alkaline, sodium-dominated trachyte lavas wey be laid down during de Pleistocene period. De lavas get significant amounts of carbonate buh low calcium den magnesium levels, wich allow de lake to concentrate into a caustic alkaline brine. Dese extreme chemical conditions create a harsh environment wer specialized organisms per fi survive.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lallanilla |first=Marc |date=2013-10-02 |title=Lake That Turns Animals to Stone? Not Quite |url=https://www.livescience.com/40135-photographer-rick-brandt-lake-natron.html |access-date=2026-05-07 |website=Live Science |language=en}}</ref> De chemical properties of de water be known to calcify de bodies of any living thing wey die insyd de lake.<ref>{{cite magazine| title=This Alkaline African Lake Turns Animals into Stone |author=Joseph Stromberg |date=2 October 2013 |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/this-alkaline-african-lake-turns-animals-into-stone-445359/ |magazine=Smithsonian Magazine |access-date=11 May 2023}}</ref> == Flora == De colour of de lake be characteristic of those wer very high evaporation rates dey occur. As water dey evaporate during de dry season, salinity levels dey increase to de point dat salt-loving microorganisms dey begin to thrive. Such halophile organisms dey include some cyanobacteria wey make dema own chow plus photosynthesis as plants do. De red accessory photosynthesizing pigment insyd de cyanobacteria dey produce de deep reds of de open water of de lake den de orange colours of de shallow parts of de lake. De alkali salt crust on de surface of de lake sanso often be coloured red anaa pink by de halophilic microorganisms wey dey live der. Salt marshes den freshwater wetlands around de edges of de lake do support a variety of plants. == Fauna == Chaw animals find de lake ein high temperature (up to {{convert|60|C|F|disp=sqbr}}) den ein high den variable salt content inhospitable.<ref>{{cite web |last=Swancer |first=Brent |title=The Bizarre Medusa Lake of Africa |url=https://mysteriousuniverse.org/2015/04/the-bizarre-medusa-lake-of-africa/ |date=20 April 2015 |access-date=1 June 2019}}</ref> Nonetheless, Lake Natron be home to sam endemic algae, invertebrates, den birds. Insyd de slightly less salty water around ein margins, sam fish sanso fi survive. De lake be de only regular breeding area insyd East Africa for de 2.5&nbsp;million lesser flamingoes, wey dema status of "near threatened" results from dema dependence on dis one location. Wen salinity increase, so do cyanobacteria, wey de lake sanso fi support more nests. Dese flamingoes, de single large flock insyd East Africa, gather along nearby saline lakes to feed on ''Spirulina'' (a blue-green algae plus red pigments). Lake Natron be a safe breeding location secof ein caustic environment be a barrier against predators wey dey try reach dema nests on seasonally forming evaporite islands. Greater flamingoes sanso dey breed for de mud flats top. De lake inspire de nature documentary ''The Crimson Wing: Mystery of the Flamingos'' by Disneynature, for ein close relationship plus de Lesser flamingoes as dema only regular breeding area. Two endemic fish species, de alkaline tilapias ''Alcolapia latilabris'' den ''A. ndalalani'', sanso dey thrive insyd de waters at de edges of de hot spring inlets. ''A. alcalica'' sanso be present insyd de lake, buh no be endemic. == Threats den preservation == De area around de salt lake no be inhabited buh der be sam herding den sam seasonal cultivation. Threats to de salinity balance from increased siltation influxes go cam from more projected logging insyd Natron watersheds den a planned hydroelectric power plant on de [[Ewaso Ng'iro]] across de border insyd [[Kenya]]. Although development plans dey include constructions of a dike at de north end of de lake to contain de freshwater, de threat of dilution to dis breeding ground still fi be serious. Der be no formal protection. A new threat to Lake Natron be de proposed development of a soda ash plant on ein shores. De plant go pump water from de lake den extract de sodium carbonate to convert to washing powder for export. Accompanying de plant go be housing for over 1000 workers, den a coal-fired power station to provide energy for de plant complex. In addition, der be a possibility de developers fi introduce a hybrid brine shrimp to increase de efficiency of extraction. According to Chris Magin, de RSPB ein international officer for Africa, ''"The chance of the lesser flamingoes continuing to breed in the face of such mayhem are next to zero. This development will leave lesser flamingoes in East Africa facing extinction"''. Dem born seventy-five percent of de world ein lesser flamingoes on Lake Natron.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Billock|first1=Jennifer|title=The Deadly Lake Where 75 Percent of the World's Lesser Flamingoes Are Born|url=http://www.smithsonianmag.com/travel/flamingos-find-life-among-death-180959265/|access-date=17 June 2016|work=[[Smithsonian (magazine)|Smithsonian]]|date=14 June 2016}}</ref> Currently a group of more dan fifty East African conservation den environmental institutions dey run a worldwide campaign to stop de planned construction of de soda ash factory by Tata Chemicals Ltd of Mumbai, India, den National Development Corporation of Tanzania. De group working under de umbrella name Lake Natron Consultative Group be co-ordinated by Ken Mwathe, Conservation Programme Manager at BirdLife International ein Africa Secretariat. As per communication insyd June 2008, Tata Chemicals no go proceed plus de Natron Project den further re-examination of dis project go be subject to de Ramsar Wetlands plan, wich be currently under preparation.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tatachemicals.com/downloads/Position%20Statement%20on%20the%20Lake%20Natron%20Project-13-06-08.pdf |title=Position Statement on the Lake Natron Project |date=13 June 2008 |access-date=7 October 2013 |publisher=Tata Chemicals |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005011839/http://www.tatachemicals.com/downloads/Position%20Statement%20on%20the%20Lake%20Natron%20Project-13-06-08.pdf |archive-date=5 October 2013 }}</ref> Secof ein unique biodiversity, Tanzania name de Lake Natron Basin to de Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance on 4 July 2001. De lake sanso be de World Wildlife Fund East African halophytics ecoregion. == Visiting de area == Der be a number of campgrounds near de lake, wich sanso be de base for climbing Ol Doinyo Lengai. Lake Natron get tourist attraction potentials wey be important for ecotourism development. However, lack of a general management plan, inadequate funding at de operational level, lack of mechanisms to secure a fair distribution of ecotourism benefits, den poorly developed tourism infrastructural facilities to support diverse segments of tourists be identified as de main challenges dem associate plus de management of ecotourism insyd de area. De lake sanso fi be accessed from Shompole Conservancy [[Kenya]].<ref>{{Citation|last=Shoo|first=Rehema Abeli|chapter=Ecotourism Potential and Challenges at Lake Natron Ramsar Site, Tanzania|date=2020|title=Protected Areas in Northern Tanzania|series=Geotechnologies and the Environment|volume=22|pages=75–90|publisher=Springer International Publishing|doi=10.1007/978-3-030-43302-4_6|isbn=978-3-030-43301-7}}</ref> == Gallery == <gallery> File:LakeNatron satellite labelled.jpg|De southern half of Lake Natron (top). Fault scarps den de Gelai Volcano sanso fi be seen. Numerous near-white salt-crust "rafts" pepper de shallowest parts of de lake (inset). File:NatronSouthSide.jpg|De lake plus flamingos File:Lengai from Natron.jpg|Ol Doinyo Lengai seen from Lake Natron File:Lake Natron satellite.JPG|Lake Natron as seen on NASA ein World Wind program </gallery> == References == <references /> == External links == q9sijqy35hr3yyi30p5ms6l0vuct6aq 106245 106244 2026-07-04T15:21:27Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 106245 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Lake Natron''' be a highly alkaline salt lake wey dey locate insyd north Ngorongoro District of Arusha Region insyd [[Tanzania]] plus ein far northern end wey dey cross into Kajiado County den Narok County insyd [[Kenya]]. E dey insyd de Gregory Rift, wich be de eastern branch of de East African Rift.<ref name="WWF">{{cite web|url=http://www.worldwildlife.org/ecoregions/at0901|title=Eastern Africa: Northern Tanzania, on the border with Kenya|work=World Wildlife Fund}}</ref> De lake be within de Lake Natron Basin, a Ramsar Site wetland of international significance.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lake Natron Basin {{!}} Ramsar Sites Information Service |url=https://rsis.ramsar.org/ris/1080 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20240226201653/https://rsis.ramsar.org/ris/1080 |archive-date=2024-02-26 |access-date=2026-07-03 |website=rsis.ramsar.org |language=en}}</ref> == Description == Dis lake be fed principally by de [[Southern Ewaso Ng'iro]] River, wich dey rise insyd central [[Kenya]], den by mineral-rich hot springs.<ref name="WWF"/> E be quite shallow, less dan {{convert|3|m|ft|spell=in}} deep, den dey vary insyd width wey dey depend on ein water level. De lake be a maximum of {{convert|57|km}} long den {{convert|22|km}} wide.<ref name="WWF"/> De surrounding area dey receive irregular seasonal rainfall, mainly between December den May wey dey total {{convert|800|mm|in}} per year.<ref name="WWF"/> Temperatures at de lake frequently be above {{convert|40|°C|°F}}.<ref name="WWF"/> High levels of evaporation lef behind natron (sodium carbonate decahydrate) den trona (sodium sesquicarbonate dihydrate). De alkalinity of de lake fi reach a pH of greater dan 12. According to Live Science, de lake ein high alkalinity be caused by sodium carbonate den oda minerals wey dey flow into de water from de surrounding environment. De surrounding bedrock be composed of alkaline, sodium-dominated trachyte lavas wey be laid down during de Pleistocene period. De lavas get significant amounts of carbonate buh low calcium den magnesium levels, wich allow de lake to concentrate into a caustic alkaline brine. Dese extreme chemical conditions create a harsh environment wer specialized organisms per fi survive.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lallanilla |first=Marc |date=2013-10-02 |title=Lake That Turns Animals to Stone? Not Quite |url=https://www.livescience.com/40135-photographer-rick-brandt-lake-natron.html |access-date=2026-05-07 |website=Live Science |language=en}}</ref> De chemical properties of de water be known to calcify de bodies of any living thing wey die insyd de lake.<ref>{{cite magazine| title=This Alkaline African Lake Turns Animals into Stone |author=Joseph Stromberg |date=2 October 2013 |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/this-alkaline-african-lake-turns-animals-into-stone-445359/ |magazine=Smithsonian Magazine |access-date=11 May 2023}}</ref> == Flora == De colour of de lake be characteristic of those wer very high evaporation rates dey occur. As water dey evaporate during de dry season, salinity levels dey increase to de point dat salt-loving microorganisms dey begin to thrive. Such halophile organisms dey include some cyanobacteria wey make dema own chow plus photosynthesis as plants do. De red accessory photosynthesizing pigment insyd de cyanobacteria dey produce de deep reds of de open water of de lake den de orange colours of de shallow parts of de lake. De alkali salt crust on de surface of de lake sanso often be coloured red anaa pink by de halophilic microorganisms wey dey live der. Salt marshes den freshwater wetlands around de edges of de lake do support a variety of plants. == Fauna == Chaw animals find de lake ein high temperature (up to {{convert|60|C|F|disp=sqbr}}) den ein high den variable salt content inhospitable.<ref>{{cite web |last=Swancer |first=Brent |title=The Bizarre Medusa Lake of Africa |url=https://mysteriousuniverse.org/2015/04/the-bizarre-medusa-lake-of-africa/ |date=20 April 2015 |access-date=1 June 2019}}</ref> Nonetheless, Lake Natron be home to sam endemic algae, invertebrates, den birds. Insyd de slightly less salty water around ein margins, sam fish sanso fi survive. De lake be de only regular breeding area insyd East Africa for de 2.5&nbsp;million lesser flamingoes, wey dema status of "near threatened" results from dema dependence on dis one location. Wen salinity increase, so do cyanobacteria, wey de lake sanso fi support more nests. Dese flamingoes, de single large flock insyd East Africa, gather along nearby saline lakes to feed on ''Spirulina'' (a blue-green algae plus red pigments). Lake Natron be a safe breeding location secof ein caustic environment be a barrier against predators wey dey try reach dema nests on seasonally forming evaporite islands. Greater flamingoes sanso dey breed for de mud flats top. De lake inspire de nature documentary ''The Crimson Wing: Mystery of the Flamingos'' by Disneynature, for ein close relationship plus de Lesser flamingoes as dema only regular breeding area. Two endemic fish species, de alkaline tilapias ''Alcolapia latilabris'' den ''A. ndalalani'', sanso dey thrive insyd de waters at de edges of de hot spring inlets. ''A. alcalica'' sanso be present insyd de lake, buh no be endemic. == Threats den preservation == De area around de salt lake no be inhabited buh der be sam herding den sam seasonal cultivation. Threats to de salinity balance from increased siltation influxes go cam from more projected logging insyd Natron watersheds den a planned hydroelectric power plant on de [[Ewaso Ng'iro]] across de border insyd [[Kenya]]. Although development plans dey include constructions of a dike at de north end of de lake to contain de freshwater, de threat of dilution to dis breeding ground still fi be serious. Der be no formal protection. A new threat to Lake Natron be de proposed development of a soda ash plant on ein shores. De plant go pump water from de lake den extract de sodium carbonate to convert to washing powder for export. Accompanying de plant go be housing for over 1000 workers, den a coal-fired power station to provide energy for de plant complex. In addition, der be a possibility de developers fi introduce a hybrid brine shrimp to increase de efficiency of extraction. According to Chris Magin, de RSPB ein international officer for Africa, ''"The chance of the lesser flamingoes continuing to breed in the face of such mayhem are next to zero. This development will leave lesser flamingoes in East Africa facing extinction"''. Dem born seventy-five percent of de world ein lesser flamingoes on Lake Natron.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Billock|first1=Jennifer|title=The Deadly Lake Where 75 Percent of the World's Lesser Flamingoes Are Born|url=http://www.smithsonianmag.com/travel/flamingos-find-life-among-death-180959265/|access-date=17 June 2016|work=[[Smithsonian (magazine)|Smithsonian]]|date=14 June 2016}}</ref> Currently a group of more dan fifty East African conservation den environmental institutions dey run a worldwide campaign to stop de planned construction of de soda ash factory by Tata Chemicals Ltd of Mumbai, India, den National Development Corporation of Tanzania. De group working under de umbrella name Lake Natron Consultative Group be co-ordinated by Ken Mwathe, Conservation Programme Manager at BirdLife International ein Africa Secretariat. As per communication insyd June 2008, Tata Chemicals no go proceed plus de Natron Project den further re-examination of dis project go be subject to de Ramsar Wetlands plan, wich be currently under preparation.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tatachemicals.com/downloads/Position%20Statement%20on%20the%20Lake%20Natron%20Project-13-06-08.pdf |title=Position Statement on the Lake Natron Project |date=13 June 2008 |access-date=7 October 2013 |publisher=Tata Chemicals |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005011839/http://www.tatachemicals.com/downloads/Position%20Statement%20on%20the%20Lake%20Natron%20Project-13-06-08.pdf |archive-date=5 October 2013 }}</ref> Secof ein unique biodiversity, Tanzania name de Lake Natron Basin to de Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance on 4 July 2001. De lake sanso be de World Wildlife Fund East African halophytics ecoregion. == Visiting de area == Der be a number of campgrounds near de lake, wich sanso be de base for climbing Ol Doinyo Lengai. Lake Natron get tourist attraction potentials wey be important for ecotourism development. However, lack of a general management plan, inadequate funding at de operational level, lack of mechanisms to secure a fair distribution of ecotourism benefits, den poorly developed tourism infrastructural facilities to support diverse segments of tourists be identified as de main challenges dem associate plus de management of ecotourism insyd de area. De lake sanso fi be accessed from Shompole Conservancy [[Kenya]].<ref>{{Citation|last=Shoo|first=Rehema Abeli|chapter=Ecotourism Potential and Challenges at Lake Natron Ramsar Site, Tanzania|date=2020|title=Protected Areas in Northern Tanzania|series=Geotechnologies and the Environment|volume=22|pages=75–90|publisher=Springer International Publishing|doi=10.1007/978-3-030-43302-4_6|isbn=978-3-030-43301-7}}</ref> == Gallery == <gallery> File:LakeNatron satellite labelled.jpg|De southern half of Lake Natron (top). Fault scarps den de Gelai Volcano sanso fi be seen. Numerous near-white salt-crust "rafts" pepper de shallowest parts of de lake (inset). File:NatronSouthSide.jpg|De lake plus flamingos File:Lengai from Natron.jpg|Ol Doinyo Lengai seen from Lake Natron File:Lake Natron satellite.JPG|Lake Natron as seen on NASA ein World Wind program </gallery> == References == <references /> == External links == {{commons}} *[http://www.birdlife.org/action/campaigns/lake_natron_flamingos/index.html Think Pink – Save Africa's Flamingos] *[http://www.nbcnews.com/science/bird-mummies-natron-lakes-toxic-waters-petrify-animals-fall-8C11322626 NBC article about Nick Brandt's photos of petrified animals at Natron lake] *{{cite web|url=http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Newsroom/NewImages/images.php3?img_id=17239 |title=Lake Natron, Tanzania |work=[[NASA Earth Observatory|Earth Observatory Newsroom]] |access-date=17 April 2018 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061001020850/http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Newsroom/NewImages/images.php3?img_id=17239 |archive-date=1 October 2006 }} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Natron, Lake}} [[Category:Lakes of Tanzania]] [[Category:Ramsar sites insyd Tanzania]] [[Category:Saline lakes of de Great Rift Valley]] [[Category:Geography of Arusha Region]] [[Category:Southern Eastern Rift]] [[Category:Important Bird Areas of Tanzania]] nlupopvw3gxap01dq7pmigiyvge2du8 0 27811 106249 104740 2026-07-04T16:48:37Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 106249 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Lake Ngozi''' (anaa '''Lake Ngosi'''<ref>{{Cite web|title=Lake Ngosi - Tanzania Tourism|url=https://www.tanzaniatourism.go.tz/en/destination/lake-ngozi|access-date=2021-03-30|website=www.tanzaniatourism.go.tz|archive-date=17 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210417171247/https://www.tanzaniatourism.go.tz/en/destination/lake-ngozi|url-status=dead}}</ref>) be de second largest crater lake insyd [[Africa]].<ref name="ThinkGeoenergy">{{cite web | url=http://thinkgeoenergy.com/archives/13656 | title=Tanzania to start geothermal exploration at Lake Ngozi in 2013 | publisher=Think Geoenergy | accessdate=June 29, 2015 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150113164126/http://thinkgeoenergy.com/archives/13656 | archivedate=13 January 2015 | url-status=dead}}</ref> E fi be found near Tukuyu, a small town insyd de highland Rungwe District, Mbeya Region, of southern [[Tanzania]] insyd East Africa. E be part of de Poroto Mountains den de northern rim of de caldera be de highest point insyd de range. De caldera dem mostly compose from trachytic den phonolitic lavas. Ngozi be a Holocene caldera wey generate de Kitulo pumice 12,000 years ago during a Plinian eruption, most likely insyd de same eruption wey generate de caldera. Oda eruption deposits be de Ngozi Tuff (less dan thousand years ago) den de Ituwa Surge base surge deposits of uncertain age, buh intermediary to de Kitulo pumice den Ngozi Tuff. De youngest activity generate a pyroclastic flow wey flow southwards for 10&nbsp;km around 1450 CE. Sam pyroclastic cones dey surround de volcano. De walls of de caldera be forested, plus de exception of segments dem scour by landslides den high cliffs wey inhibit access to de water. De inner caldera be forested plus ''Maesa lanceolata'', ''Albizia gummifera'' den ''Hagenia abyssinica'', far fewer tree species dan neighbouring mountains consistent plus de recent geological origin of de volcano. De caldera einself no be subjected to hydrothermal activity, buh large subaqueous CO² emissions den local legends of de killing power of de lake indicate a danger of limnic eruptions. De lake floor according to echosounding be flat wey e get no terraces.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Global Volcanism Program {{!}} Ngozi |url=https://volcano.si.edu/volcano.cfm?vn=222164 |access-date=2026-07-04 |website=Smithsonian Institution {{!}} Global Volcanism Program |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Hydrogeochemistry">{{cite journal |title=Hydrogeochemical features of Lake Ngozi (SW Tanzania) |author1=Manuëlla Delalande-Le Mouëllica |author2=Fabrizio Gherardi |author3=David Williamson |author4=Stephen Kajula |author5=Michael Kraml |author6=Aurélie Noret |author7=Issah Abdallah |author8=Ezekiel Mwandapile |author9=Marc Massault |author10=Amos Majule |author11=Laurent Bergonzini |journal=Journal of African Earth Sciences |date=March 2015 |volume=103 |pages=153–167 |doi=10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2014.11.004}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | title=The Ituwa Surge deposits of the Holocene Ngozi caldera, Mbeya Region, Tanzania |author1=Nils Lenhardt |author2=Gert-Jan Peeters |author3=Athanas S. Macheyeki | journal=International Journal of Earth Sciences |date=April 2015 | volume=104 | issue=3 | pages=749–751 | doi=10.1007/s00531-014-1113-7 | hdl=2263/51418 | hdl-access=free }}</ref> De lake no dey undergo large scale fluctuations insyd lake level, plus only minor differences between de dry den rainy seasons. Air temperatures above de lake be around 18&nbsp;°C plus only minor seasonal variations.<ref name="Hydrogeochemistry" /> Sporadically, de forests be occupied by Safwa hunters. Reports insyd 2013 state say insyd de following year a geothermal project go commence insyd de vicinity of de volcano halfway between Ngozi den de town of Mbeya.<ref name="ThinkGeoenergy" /><ref name="Hydrogeochemistry" /> == Local folklore == Plenty local myths and folk tales dey around di volcanic lake and di area wey dey near am. Di Nyakyusa People (na ethnic group wey dey for Southern Tanzania) talk say one shaman wey dem call Lwembe bin dey chased from im birth village (Ukwama for Makete area) go reach di waters of Lake Ngozi after di people don tire for di way im magic dey deceive dem. Once Lwembe come settle for di water edge, di local tribe cattle begin dey disappear. Dem talk say villagers too begin miss if dem waka too near di water. Nyakyusa elders clear di area by rolling one big boulder wey dem put inside fire for three days enter di water, as dem dey cast their own spell. Since dat time, di bad spell wey dey for di Lake never come back. Di most common myth and folk tale na about one group of Colonial German soldiers wey throw treasure inside di lake water. Dem put spell for di Lake to protect di gold and make am hard for anybody wey wan collect am back. Some versions of di myth talk say na dis cause poisonous gas to come out (wey we sabi now fit link to [[:en:Limnic_eruption|Limnic eruption]]), while others talk say na one twelve-head snake dey guard di treasure and e dey come surface for sunny days. Whether treasure bin dey true-true still remain mystery.<ref>[https://tanzaniasafariclub.com/lake-ngozi/ "Lake Ngozi | Facts & Myths Surrounding Tanzanias Biggest Crater Lake]". 20 November 2018. Retrieved 3 December 2018.</ref> == Reference == <references /> == External links == cwu68b2rmlopasr3yqbgnjzjxyvqped 106250 106249 2026-07-04T16:57:41Z DaSupremo 9 /* Local folklore */ Make sum corrections 106250 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Lake Ngozi''' (anaa '''Lake Ngosi'''<ref>{{Cite web|title=Lake Ngosi - Tanzania Tourism|url=https://www.tanzaniatourism.go.tz/en/destination/lake-ngozi|access-date=2021-03-30|website=www.tanzaniatourism.go.tz|archive-date=17 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210417171247/https://www.tanzaniatourism.go.tz/en/destination/lake-ngozi|url-status=dead}}</ref>) be de second largest crater lake insyd [[Africa]].<ref name="ThinkGeoenergy">{{cite web | url=http://thinkgeoenergy.com/archives/13656 | title=Tanzania to start geothermal exploration at Lake Ngozi in 2013 | publisher=Think Geoenergy | accessdate=June 29, 2015 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150113164126/http://thinkgeoenergy.com/archives/13656 | archivedate=13 January 2015 | url-status=dead}}</ref> E fi be found near Tukuyu, a small town insyd de highland Rungwe District, Mbeya Region, of southern [[Tanzania]] insyd East Africa. E be part of de Poroto Mountains den de northern rim of de caldera be de highest point insyd de range. De caldera dem mostly compose from trachytic den phonolitic lavas. Ngozi be a Holocene caldera wey generate de Kitulo pumice 12,000 years ago during a Plinian eruption, most likely insyd de same eruption wey generate de caldera. Oda eruption deposits be de Ngozi Tuff (less dan thousand years ago) den de Ituwa Surge base surge deposits of uncertain age, buh intermediary to de Kitulo pumice den Ngozi Tuff. De youngest activity generate a pyroclastic flow wey flow southwards for 10&nbsp;km around 1450 CE. Sam pyroclastic cones dey surround de volcano. De walls of de caldera be forested, plus de exception of segments dem scour by landslides den high cliffs wey inhibit access to de water. De inner caldera be forested plus ''Maesa lanceolata'', ''Albizia gummifera'' den ''Hagenia abyssinica'', far fewer tree species dan neighbouring mountains consistent plus de recent geological origin of de volcano. De caldera einself no be subjected to hydrothermal activity, buh large subaqueous CO² emissions den local legends of de killing power of de lake indicate a danger of limnic eruptions. De lake floor according to echosounding be flat wey e get no terraces.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Global Volcanism Program {{!}} Ngozi |url=https://volcano.si.edu/volcano.cfm?vn=222164 |access-date=2026-07-04 |website=Smithsonian Institution {{!}} Global Volcanism Program |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Hydrogeochemistry">{{cite journal |title=Hydrogeochemical features of Lake Ngozi (SW Tanzania) |author1=Manuëlla Delalande-Le Mouëllica |author2=Fabrizio Gherardi |author3=David Williamson |author4=Stephen Kajula |author5=Michael Kraml |author6=Aurélie Noret |author7=Issah Abdallah |author8=Ezekiel Mwandapile |author9=Marc Massault |author10=Amos Majule |author11=Laurent Bergonzini |journal=Journal of African Earth Sciences |date=March 2015 |volume=103 |pages=153–167 |doi=10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2014.11.004}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | title=The Ituwa Surge deposits of the Holocene Ngozi caldera, Mbeya Region, Tanzania |author1=Nils Lenhardt |author2=Gert-Jan Peeters |author3=Athanas S. Macheyeki | journal=International Journal of Earth Sciences |date=April 2015 | volume=104 | issue=3 | pages=749–751 | doi=10.1007/s00531-014-1113-7 | hdl=2263/51418 | hdl-access=free }}</ref> De lake no dey undergo large scale fluctuations insyd lake level, plus only minor differences between de dry den rainy seasons. Air temperatures above de lake be around 18&nbsp;°C plus only minor seasonal variations.<ref name="Hydrogeochemistry" /> Sporadically, de forests be occupied by Safwa hunters. Reports insyd 2013 state say insyd de following year a geothermal project go commence insyd de vicinity of de volcano halfway between Ngozi den de town of Mbeya.<ref name="ThinkGeoenergy" /><ref name="Hydrogeochemistry" /> == Local folklore == Der be a number of local myths den folk tales wich dey surround de volcanic lake, den de surrounding area. De Nyakyusa People (ethnic group insyd dis area of Southern Tanzania) talk say na dem chase a shaman dem call Lwembe from ein birth village (Ukwama insyd de Makete area) to de waters of Lake Ngozi after de people cam be weary of de deceptive nature of ein magic. Once Lwembe cam be an inhabitant of de waters edge, de local tribe dema cattle begin to disappear. Na dem say dat villagers start dey go missing too if dem venture too close to de waters. Nyakyusa elders dispel de area by rolling a huge boulder wich dem place insyd de heart of a fire for three days into de water, while casting dema own spells. Since dat time, de evils spell for de Lake no return. De most commonly heard myth den folk tale be dat of a group of Colonial German soldiers wey dem dispose of treasure into de waters of de lake. Dem put a spell on de Lake to protect de gold den hamper any oda persons dema efforts to reclaim am. Sam variations of de myth suggest say dis be caused an emission of poisonous gasses (wich dem now know fi be linked to a Limnic eruption), while odas claim say der be a twelve headed snake wey dey protect de treasure den dey cam out to de surface on sunny days. Whether der ever be a treasure remain a mystery.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://tanzaniasafariclub.com/lake-ngozi/|title=Lake Ngozi {{!}} Facts & Myths Surrounding Tanzanias Biggest Crater Lake|date=2018-11-20|access-date=2018-12-03|language=en-US}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == f3lfv2kfwl5vmmhj6a77tsaaz22270r 106251 106250 2026-07-04T16:58:36Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 106251 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Lake Ngozi''' (anaa '''Lake Ngosi'''<ref>{{Cite web|title=Lake Ngosi - Tanzania Tourism|url=https://www.tanzaniatourism.go.tz/en/destination/lake-ngozi|access-date=2021-03-30|website=www.tanzaniatourism.go.tz|archive-date=17 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210417171247/https://www.tanzaniatourism.go.tz/en/destination/lake-ngozi|url-status=dead}}</ref>) be de second largest crater lake insyd [[Africa]].<ref name="ThinkGeoenergy">{{cite web | url=http://thinkgeoenergy.com/archives/13656 | title=Tanzania to start geothermal exploration at Lake Ngozi in 2013 | publisher=Think Geoenergy | accessdate=June 29, 2015 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150113164126/http://thinkgeoenergy.com/archives/13656 | archivedate=13 January 2015 | url-status=dead}}</ref> E fi be found near Tukuyu, a small town insyd de highland Rungwe District, Mbeya Region, of southern [[Tanzania]] insyd East Africa. E be part of de Poroto Mountains den de northern rim of de caldera be de highest point insyd de range. De caldera dem mostly compose from trachytic den phonolitic lavas. Ngozi be a Holocene caldera wey generate de Kitulo pumice 12,000 years ago during a Plinian eruption, most likely insyd de same eruption wey generate de caldera. Oda eruption deposits be de Ngozi Tuff (less dan thousand years ago) den de Ituwa Surge base surge deposits of uncertain age, buh intermediary to de Kitulo pumice den Ngozi Tuff. De youngest activity generate a pyroclastic flow wey flow southwards for 10&nbsp;km around 1450 CE. Sam pyroclastic cones dey surround de volcano. De walls of de caldera be forested, plus de exception of segments dem scour by landslides den high cliffs wey inhibit access to de water. De inner caldera be forested plus ''Maesa lanceolata'', ''Albizia gummifera'' den ''Hagenia abyssinica'', far fewer tree species dan neighbouring mountains consistent plus de recent geological origin of de volcano. De caldera einself no be subjected to hydrothermal activity, buh large subaqueous CO² emissions den local legends of de killing power of de lake indicate a danger of limnic eruptions. De lake floor according to echosounding be flat wey e get no terraces.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Global Volcanism Program {{!}} Ngozi |url=https://volcano.si.edu/volcano.cfm?vn=222164 |access-date=2026-07-04 |website=Smithsonian Institution {{!}} Global Volcanism Program |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Hydrogeochemistry">{{cite journal |title=Hydrogeochemical features of Lake Ngozi (SW Tanzania) |author1=Manuëlla Delalande-Le Mouëllica |author2=Fabrizio Gherardi |author3=David Williamson |author4=Stephen Kajula |author5=Michael Kraml |author6=Aurélie Noret |author7=Issah Abdallah |author8=Ezekiel Mwandapile |author9=Marc Massault |author10=Amos Majule |author11=Laurent Bergonzini |journal=Journal of African Earth Sciences |date=March 2015 |volume=103 |pages=153–167 |doi=10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2014.11.004}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | title=The Ituwa Surge deposits of the Holocene Ngozi caldera, Mbeya Region, Tanzania |author1=Nils Lenhardt |author2=Gert-Jan Peeters |author3=Athanas S. Macheyeki | journal=International Journal of Earth Sciences |date=April 2015 | volume=104 | issue=3 | pages=749–751 | doi=10.1007/s00531-014-1113-7 | hdl=2263/51418 | hdl-access=free }}</ref> De lake no dey undergo large scale fluctuations insyd lake level, plus only minor differences between de dry den rainy seasons. Air temperatures above de lake be around 18&nbsp;°C plus only minor seasonal variations.<ref name="Hydrogeochemistry" /> Sporadically, de forests be occupied by Safwa hunters. Reports insyd 2013 state say insyd de following year a geothermal project go commence insyd de vicinity of de volcano halfway between Ngozi den de town of Mbeya.<ref name="ThinkGeoenergy" /><ref name="Hydrogeochemistry" /> == Local folklore == Der be a number of local myths den folk tales wich dey surround de volcanic lake, den de surrounding area. De Nyakyusa People (ethnic group insyd dis area of Southern Tanzania) talk say na dem chase a shaman dem call Lwembe from ein birth village (Ukwama insyd de Makete area) to de waters of Lake Ngozi after de people cam be weary of de deceptive nature of ein magic. Once Lwembe cam be an inhabitant of de waters edge, de local tribe dema cattle begin to disappear. Na dem say dat villagers start dey go missing too if dem venture too close to de waters. Nyakyusa elders dispel de area by rolling a huge boulder wich dem place insyd de heart of a fire for three days into de water, while casting dema own spells. Since dat time, de evils spell for de Lake no return. De most commonly heard myth den folk tale be dat of a group of Colonial German soldiers wey dem dispose of treasure into de waters of de lake. Dem put a spell on de Lake to protect de gold den hamper any oda persons dema efforts to reclaim am. Sam variations of de myth suggest say dis be caused an emission of poisonous gasses (wich dem now know fi be linked to a Limnic eruption), while odas claim say der be a twelve headed snake wey dey protect de treasure den dey cam out to de surface on sunny days. Whether der ever be a treasure remain a mystery.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://tanzaniasafariclub.com/lake-ngozi/|title=Lake Ngozi {{!}} Facts & Myths Surrounding Tanzanias Biggest Crater Lake|date=2018-11-20|access-date=2018-12-03|language=en-US}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Ngozi}} [[Category:Volcanic crater lakes]] [[Category:Geography of Mbeya Region]] [[Category:Lakes of Tanzania]] [[Category:Southern Highlands, Tanzania]] [[Category:Volcanoes of Tanzania]] rhekubi8snwr0oqhc5lvsep7mmkz0m4 0 27812 106255 105803 2026-07-04T17:14:04Z DaSupremo 9 Make sum corrections 106255 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} De '''Tano''' anaa '''Tanoé River''' (French: ''Rivière Tano'') be a river insyd [[Ghana]]. E dey flow for 400 kilometres from a town dem call Traa, a suburb of [[Techiman]], de capital town of [[Bono East Region]] insyd de Republic of Ghana to Ehy Lagoon, Tendo Lagoon den finally Aby Lagoon insyd [[Ivory Coast]] wer e dey enter de [[Atlantic Ocean]]. De river Tano dey form de last few kilometres of de international land boundary between Ghana den Ivory Coast.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Tano {{!}} Water Resources Commission of Ghana |url=http://wrc-gh.org/en/basins/20/tano |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140104033636/http://wrc-gh.org/en/basins/20/tano |archive-date=2014-01-04 |access-date=2026-07-04 |website=wrc-gh.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Asare‑Donkor |first=Noah Kyame |last2=Adimado |first2=Anthony Apeke |date=2016 |title=Influence of mining related activities on levels of mercury in water, sediment and fish from the Ankobra and Tano River basins in South Western Ghana |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/81847678.pdf |journal=Environmental Systems Research}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Gbadamosi |first=Nosmot |date=28 January 2020 |title=Ghana's Bauxite Boom |url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/01/28/china-investment-bauxite-mining-ghana-infrastructure/ |website=[[Foreign Policy]]}}</ref> Indigenous local beliefs of [[Bono people|Bono]] dey hold say, Taakora, de highest of de Bono gods on Earth, dey live at de source of de river.<ref>[http://patachu.com/tano-river/ Tano River] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130216063641/http://patachu.com/tano-river/ |date=2013-02-16 }}. ''patachu.com''.</ref> De last few individuals of Miss Waldron's Red Colobus (''Piliocolobus badius waldronae''), one of de world ein most threatened primates, be believed to live insyd de forest between de river den Ehy Lagoon.<ref>McGraw (2005)</ref> As of mid-2008, dis area be slated for logging by Unilever, plus de aim to replace am plus oil palm plantations.<ref>Wolzer (2008)</ref><ref name=":0" /> Insyd [[January]] of 2020, a truck plus loads of sulfuric acid plunge into de Tano river. On January 13 na dem advise de people make dem no suck de water secof contamination. De river since be restored to ein natural state.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Poisoned Tano River Restored – GWCL |url=https://www.modernghana.com/news/979917/poisoned-tano-river-restored-gwcl.html |website=Modern Ghana}}</ref> == Drainage basin den hydrology == The Tano River na the principal watercourse of the Tano Basin, one of the four major river basins for southwestern Ghana,alongside the Ankobra, Bia, and Pra basins.The basin dey cover approximately 16,060 square kilometres,and out of that, about 92.6% dey fall inside Ghana while 7.4% dey extend reach Ivory Coast.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Tano – Water Resources Commission |url=https://wrc.gov.gh/ova_por/tano/ |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20260416143904/https://wrc.gov.gh/ova_por/tano/ |archive-date=2026-04-16 |access-date=2026-06-29 |website=wrc.gov.gh |language=en-US}}</ref> The basin dey extend between latitudes 5°00′ N and 7°40′ N and longitudes 1°48′ W and 3°05′ W. Major tributaries of the Tano River include the Boin, Disue, Amama, Abu, Gaw, Suraw, Samre, Totua, and Disri rivers.<ref name=":1" /> The Tano Basin dey support [[Agricultural Food and Allied Democratic Workers Union|agriculture]], [[:en:Forestry|forestry]], [[:en:Mining|mining]], and domestic water supply across southwestern Ghana and southeastern Ivory Coast.The river system dey drain a region wey rich for mineral resources, including gold and bauxite deposits.<ref>{{Citation |title=Tano River |date=2026-06-27 |work=Wikipedia |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tano_River&oldid=1361364233 |access-date=2026-06-29 |language=en}}</ref> == Ecology den Biodiversity == The Tano River and its associated wetlands dey support important ecosystems,particularly for the lower basin around the Tanoé-Ehy swamp forests and the Aby Lagoon complex.hese [[:en:Habitat|habitats]] dey contain significant [[:en:Biodiversity|biodiversity]] and dem dey provide ecological connectivity between Ghana and Ivory Coast.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Koffi |first=Alexandre Tano Kan |date=2025-07-21 |title=Comprehensive Analysis of the Tano River and Its Basin |url=https://tanoriver.com/comprehensive-analysis-of-the-tano-river-and-its-basin/ |access-date=2026-06-29 |website=The Tano River |language=en-US}}</ref> The basin also dey support numerous fish species, wetland birds, and tropical forest ecosystems wey deforestation, agricultural expansion, and illegal mining activities dey increasingly threaten.<ref name=":2" /> == Environmental Challenges == The Tano River Basin dey face increasing [[Environmental issues in Africa|environmental]] pressures from [[:en:Deforestation|deforestation]],[[:en:Pollution|pollution]], '''illegal small-scale mining''' (wey dem dey call [[galamsey]] for local language), and [[:en:Agricultural_expansion|agricultural expansion]]. These activities dey contribute to water quality going bad, sedimentation, and habitat dey lost.<ref name=":1" /> Transboundary cooperation between Ghana and [[:en:Ivory_Coast|Côte d'Ivoire]] dey become more and more important to ensure sustainable management of the river's water resources and [[:en:Ecosystem|ecosystems]].<ref name=":2" /> == References == [[Category:Rivers insyd Ghana]] qxsu0fs5wtg805qe6drwpbdrqb8z28a 106256 106255 2026-07-04T17:17:57Z DaSupremo 9 /* Drainage basin den hydrology */ Make sum corrections 106256 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} De '''Tano''' anaa '''Tanoé River''' (French: ''Rivière Tano'') be a river insyd [[Ghana]]. E dey flow for 400 kilometres from a town dem call Traa, a suburb of [[Techiman]], de capital town of [[Bono East Region]] insyd de Republic of Ghana to Ehy Lagoon, Tendo Lagoon den finally Aby Lagoon insyd [[Ivory Coast]] wer e dey enter de [[Atlantic Ocean]]. De river Tano dey form de last few kilometres of de international land boundary between Ghana den Ivory Coast.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Tano {{!}} Water Resources Commission of Ghana |url=http://wrc-gh.org/en/basins/20/tano |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140104033636/http://wrc-gh.org/en/basins/20/tano |archive-date=2014-01-04 |access-date=2026-07-04 |website=wrc-gh.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Asare‑Donkor |first=Noah Kyame |last2=Adimado |first2=Anthony Apeke |date=2016 |title=Influence of mining related activities on levels of mercury in water, sediment and fish from the Ankobra and Tano River basins in South Western Ghana |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/81847678.pdf |journal=Environmental Systems Research}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Gbadamosi |first=Nosmot |date=28 January 2020 |title=Ghana's Bauxite Boom |url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/01/28/china-investment-bauxite-mining-ghana-infrastructure/ |website=[[Foreign Policy]]}}</ref> Indigenous local beliefs of [[Bono people|Bono]] dey hold say, Taakora, de highest of de Bono gods on Earth, dey live at de source of de river.<ref>[http://patachu.com/tano-river/ Tano River] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130216063641/http://patachu.com/tano-river/ |date=2013-02-16 }}. ''patachu.com''.</ref> De last few individuals of Miss Waldron's Red Colobus (''Piliocolobus badius waldronae''), one of de world ein most threatened primates, be believed to live insyd de forest between de river den Ehy Lagoon.<ref>McGraw (2005)</ref> As of mid-2008, dis area be slated for logging by Unilever, plus de aim to replace am plus oil palm plantations.<ref>Wolzer (2008)</ref><ref name=":0" /> Insyd [[January]] of 2020, a truck plus loads of sulfuric acid plunge into de Tano river. On January 13 na dem advise de people make dem no suck de water secof contamination. De river since be restored to ein natural state.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Poisoned Tano River Restored – GWCL |url=https://www.modernghana.com/news/979917/poisoned-tano-river-restored-gwcl.html |website=Modern Ghana}}</ref> == Drainage basin den hydrology == De Tano River be de principal watercourse of de Tano Basin, one of de four major river basins insyd southwestern Ghana, alongside de Ankobra, Bia, den Pra basins. De basin dey cover approximately 16,060 square kilometres, of wich about 92.6% dey lie within Ghana den 7.4% dey extend into Ivory Coast.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=TANO BASIN |url=https://wrc.gov.gh/ova_por/tano/}}</ref> De basin dey extend between latitudes ''5°00′ N'' den ''7°40′ N'' den longitudes 1°48′ W den ''3°05′ W''. Major tributaries of de Tano River dey include de ''Boin'', ''Disue'', ''Amama'', ''Abu'', ''Gaw'', ''Suraw'', ''Samre'', ''Totua'', den ''Disri rivers''.<ref name=":1" /> De Tano Basin dey support agriculture, forestry, mining, den domestic water supply across southwestern Ghana den southeastern Ivory Coast. De river system drains a region rich insyd mineral resources, wey dey include gold den bauxite deposits.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Tano River {{!}} Ghana, Ivory Coast & Burkina Faso {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Tano-River |access-date=2026-06-16 |work=Encyclopedia Britannica |language=en}}</ref> == Ecology den Biodiversity == The Tano River and its associated wetlands dey support important ecosystems,particularly for the lower basin around the Tanoé-Ehy swamp forests and the Aby Lagoon complex.hese [[:en:Habitat|habitats]] dey contain significant [[:en:Biodiversity|biodiversity]] and dem dey provide ecological connectivity between Ghana and Ivory Coast.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Koffi |first=Alexandre Tano Kan |date=2025-07-21 |title=Comprehensive Analysis of the Tano River and Its Basin |url=https://tanoriver.com/comprehensive-analysis-of-the-tano-river-and-its-basin/ |access-date=2026-06-29 |website=The Tano River |language=en-US}}</ref> The basin also dey support numerous fish species, wetland birds, and tropical forest ecosystems wey deforestation, agricultural expansion, and illegal mining activities dey increasingly threaten.<ref name=":2" /> == Environmental Challenges == The Tano River Basin dey face increasing [[Environmental issues in Africa|environmental]] pressures from [[:en:Deforestation|deforestation]],[[:en:Pollution|pollution]], '''illegal small-scale mining''' (wey dem dey call [[galamsey]] for local language), and [[:en:Agricultural_expansion|agricultural expansion]]. These activities dey contribute to water quality going bad, sedimentation, and habitat dey lost.<ref name=":1" /> Transboundary cooperation between Ghana and [[:en:Ivory_Coast|Côte d'Ivoire]] dey become more and more important to ensure sustainable management of the river's water resources and [[:en:Ecosystem|ecosystems]].<ref name=":2" /> == References == [[Category:Rivers insyd Ghana]] msx7e68vwjz71ilr6n1ii7u4qh9nzm1 106257 106256 2026-07-04T17:20:32Z DaSupremo 9 /* Ecology den Biodiversity */ Make sum corrections 106257 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} De '''Tano''' anaa '''Tanoé River''' (French: ''Rivière Tano'') be a river insyd [[Ghana]]. E dey flow for 400 kilometres from a town dem call Traa, a suburb of [[Techiman]], de capital town of [[Bono East Region]] insyd de Republic of Ghana to Ehy Lagoon, Tendo Lagoon den finally Aby Lagoon insyd [[Ivory Coast]] wer e dey enter de [[Atlantic Ocean]]. De river Tano dey form de last few kilometres of de international land boundary between Ghana den Ivory Coast.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Tano {{!}} Water Resources Commission of Ghana |url=http://wrc-gh.org/en/basins/20/tano |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140104033636/http://wrc-gh.org/en/basins/20/tano |archive-date=2014-01-04 |access-date=2026-07-04 |website=wrc-gh.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Asare‑Donkor |first=Noah Kyame |last2=Adimado |first2=Anthony Apeke |date=2016 |title=Influence of mining related activities on levels of mercury in water, sediment and fish from the Ankobra and Tano River basins in South Western Ghana |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/81847678.pdf |journal=Environmental Systems Research}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Gbadamosi |first=Nosmot |date=28 January 2020 |title=Ghana's Bauxite Boom |url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/01/28/china-investment-bauxite-mining-ghana-infrastructure/ |website=[[Foreign Policy]]}}</ref> Indigenous local beliefs of [[Bono people|Bono]] dey hold say, Taakora, de highest of de Bono gods on Earth, dey live at de source of de river.<ref>[http://patachu.com/tano-river/ Tano River] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130216063641/http://patachu.com/tano-river/ |date=2013-02-16 }}. ''patachu.com''.</ref> De last few individuals of Miss Waldron's Red Colobus (''Piliocolobus badius waldronae''), one of de world ein most threatened primates, be believed to live insyd de forest between de river den Ehy Lagoon.<ref>McGraw (2005)</ref> As of mid-2008, dis area be slated for logging by Unilever, plus de aim to replace am plus oil palm plantations.<ref>Wolzer (2008)</ref><ref name=":0" /> Insyd [[January]] of 2020, a truck plus loads of sulfuric acid plunge into de Tano river. On January 13 na dem advise de people make dem no suck de water secof contamination. De river since be restored to ein natural state.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Poisoned Tano River Restored – GWCL |url=https://www.modernghana.com/news/979917/poisoned-tano-river-restored-gwcl.html |website=Modern Ghana}}</ref> == Drainage basin den hydrology == De Tano River be de principal watercourse of de Tano Basin, one of de four major river basins insyd southwestern Ghana, alongside de Ankobra, Bia, den Pra basins. De basin dey cover approximately 16,060 square kilometres, of wich about 92.6% dey lie within Ghana den 7.4% dey extend into Ivory Coast.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=TANO BASIN |url=https://wrc.gov.gh/ova_por/tano/}}</ref> De basin dey extend between latitudes ''5°00′ N'' den ''7°40′ N'' den longitudes 1°48′ W den ''3°05′ W''. Major tributaries of de Tano River dey include de ''Boin'', ''Disue'', ''Amama'', ''Abu'', ''Gaw'', ''Suraw'', ''Samre'', ''Totua'', den ''Disri rivers''.<ref name=":1" /> De Tano Basin dey support agriculture, forestry, mining, den domestic water supply across southwestern Ghana den southeastern Ivory Coast. De river system drains a region rich insyd mineral resources, wey dey include gold den bauxite deposits.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Tano River {{!}} Ghana, Ivory Coast & Burkina Faso {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Tano-River |access-date=2026-06-16 |work=Encyclopedia Britannica |language=en}}</ref> == Ecology den biodiversity == De Tano River den ein associated wetlands dey support important ecosystems, particularly insyd de lower basin around de Tanoé-Ehy swamp forests den de Aby Lagoon complex. Dese habitats dey contain significant biodiversity den dey provide ecological connectivity between Ghana den Ivory Coast.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Koffi |first=Alexandre Tano Kan |date=2025-07-21 |title=Comprehensive Analysis of the Tano River and Its Basin |url=https://tanoriver.com/comprehensive-analysis-of-the-tano-river-and-its-basin/ |access-date=2026-06-16 |website=The Tano River |language=en-US}}</ref> De basin sanso dey support numerous fish species, wetland birds, den tropical forest ecosystems wey be increasingly threatened by deforestation, agricultural expansion, den illegal mining activities.<ref name=":2" /> == Environmental Challenges == The Tano River Basin dey face increasing [[Environmental issues in Africa|environmental]] pressures from [[:en:Deforestation|deforestation]],[[:en:Pollution|pollution]], '''illegal small-scale mining''' (wey dem dey call [[galamsey]] for local language), and [[:en:Agricultural_expansion|agricultural expansion]]. These activities dey contribute to water quality going bad, sedimentation, and habitat dey lost.<ref name=":1" /> Transboundary cooperation between Ghana and [[:en:Ivory_Coast|Côte d'Ivoire]] dey become more and more important to ensure sustainable management of the river's water resources and [[:en:Ecosystem|ecosystems]].<ref name=":2" /> == References == [[Category:Rivers insyd Ghana]] q3j0xk26ty04fiqpwotaiozg5ssjpdg 106258 106257 2026-07-04T17:23:02Z DaSupremo 9 /* Environmental challenges */ Make sum corrections 106258 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} De '''Tano''' anaa '''Tanoé River''' (French: ''Rivière Tano'') be a river insyd [[Ghana]]. E dey flow for 400 kilometres from a town dem call Traa, a suburb of [[Techiman]], de capital town of [[Bono East Region]] insyd de Republic of Ghana to Ehy Lagoon, Tendo Lagoon den finally Aby Lagoon insyd [[Ivory Coast]] wer e dey enter de [[Atlantic Ocean]]. De river Tano dey form de last few kilometres of de international land boundary between Ghana den Ivory Coast.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Tano {{!}} Water Resources Commission of Ghana |url=http://wrc-gh.org/en/basins/20/tano |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140104033636/http://wrc-gh.org/en/basins/20/tano |archive-date=2014-01-04 |access-date=2026-07-04 |website=wrc-gh.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Asare‑Donkor |first=Noah Kyame |last2=Adimado |first2=Anthony Apeke |date=2016 |title=Influence of mining related activities on levels of mercury in water, sediment and fish from the Ankobra and Tano River basins in South Western Ghana |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/81847678.pdf |journal=Environmental Systems Research}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Gbadamosi |first=Nosmot |date=28 January 2020 |title=Ghana's Bauxite Boom |url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/01/28/china-investment-bauxite-mining-ghana-infrastructure/ |website=[[Foreign Policy]]}}</ref> Indigenous local beliefs of [[Bono people|Bono]] dey hold say, Taakora, de highest of de Bono gods on Earth, dey live at de source of de river.<ref>[http://patachu.com/tano-river/ Tano River] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130216063641/http://patachu.com/tano-river/ |date=2013-02-16 }}. ''patachu.com''.</ref> De last few individuals of Miss Waldron's Red Colobus (''Piliocolobus badius waldronae''), one of de world ein most threatened primates, be believed to live insyd de forest between de river den Ehy Lagoon.<ref>McGraw (2005)</ref> As of mid-2008, dis area be slated for logging by Unilever, plus de aim to replace am plus oil palm plantations.<ref>Wolzer (2008)</ref><ref name=":0" /> Insyd [[January]] of 2020, a truck plus loads of sulfuric acid plunge into de Tano river. On January 13 na dem advise de people make dem no suck de water secof contamination. De river since be restored to ein natural state.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Poisoned Tano River Restored – GWCL |url=https://www.modernghana.com/news/979917/poisoned-tano-river-restored-gwcl.html |website=Modern Ghana}}</ref> == Drainage basin den hydrology == De Tano River be de principal watercourse of de Tano Basin, one of de four major river basins insyd southwestern Ghana, alongside de Ankobra, Bia, den Pra basins. De basin dey cover approximately 16,060 square kilometres, of wich about 92.6% dey lie within Ghana den 7.4% dey extend into Ivory Coast.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=TANO BASIN |url=https://wrc.gov.gh/ova_por/tano/}}</ref> De basin dey extend between latitudes ''5°00′ N'' den ''7°40′ N'' den longitudes 1°48′ W den ''3°05′ W''. Major tributaries of de Tano River dey include de ''Boin'', ''Disue'', ''Amama'', ''Abu'', ''Gaw'', ''Suraw'', ''Samre'', ''Totua'', den ''Disri rivers''.<ref name=":1" /> De Tano Basin dey support agriculture, forestry, mining, den domestic water supply across southwestern Ghana den southeastern Ivory Coast. De river system drains a region rich insyd mineral resources, wey dey include gold den bauxite deposits.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Tano River {{!}} Ghana, Ivory Coast & Burkina Faso {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Tano-River |access-date=2026-06-16 |work=Encyclopedia Britannica |language=en}}</ref> == Ecology den biodiversity == De Tano River den ein associated wetlands dey support important ecosystems, particularly insyd de lower basin around de Tanoé-Ehy swamp forests den de Aby Lagoon complex. Dese habitats dey contain significant biodiversity den dey provide ecological connectivity between Ghana den Ivory Coast.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Koffi |first=Alexandre Tano Kan |date=2025-07-21 |title=Comprehensive Analysis of the Tano River and Its Basin |url=https://tanoriver.com/comprehensive-analysis-of-the-tano-river-and-its-basin/ |access-date=2026-06-16 |website=The Tano River |language=en-US}}</ref> De basin sanso dey support numerous fish species, wetland birds, den tropical forest ecosystems wey be increasingly threatened by deforestation, agricultural expansion, den illegal mining activities.<ref name=":2" /> == Environmental challenges == De Tano River Basin dey face increasing environmental pressures from deforestation, pollution, '''''illegal small-scale mining''''' (dem know locally as ''[[galamsey]]''), den agricultural expansion. Dese activities contribute to water quality degradation, sedimentation, den habitat loss.<ref name=":2" /> Transboundary cooperation between Ghana den [[Ivory Coast|Côte d’Ivoire]] be increasingly important to ensure sustainable management of de river ein water resources den ecosystems.<ref name=":1" /> == References == [[Category:Rivers insyd Ghana]] <references /> == External links == 7xgvemxf37nfxdf22k6520eqzyexl3d 106259 106258 2026-07-04T17:28:15Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 106259 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} De '''Tano''' anaa '''Tanoé River''' (French: ''Rivière Tano'') be a river insyd [[Ghana]]. E dey flow for 400 kilometres from a town dem call Traa, a suburb of [[Techiman]], de capital town of [[Bono East Region]] insyd de Republic of Ghana to Ehy Lagoon, Tendo Lagoon den finally Aby Lagoon insyd [[Ivory Coast]] wer e dey enter de [[Atlantic Ocean]]. De river Tano dey form de last few kilometres of de international land boundary between Ghana den Ivory Coast.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Tano {{!}} Water Resources Commission of Ghana |url=http://wrc-gh.org/en/basins/20/tano |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140104033636/http://wrc-gh.org/en/basins/20/tano |archive-date=2014-01-04 |access-date=2026-07-04 |website=wrc-gh.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Asare‑Donkor |first=Noah Kyame |last2=Adimado |first2=Anthony Apeke |date=2016 |title=Influence of mining related activities on levels of mercury in water, sediment and fish from the Ankobra and Tano River basins in South Western Ghana |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/81847678.pdf |journal=Environmental Systems Research}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Gbadamosi |first=Nosmot |date=28 January 2020 |title=Ghana's Bauxite Boom |url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/01/28/china-investment-bauxite-mining-ghana-infrastructure/ |website=[[Foreign Policy]]}}</ref> Indigenous local beliefs of [[Bono people|Bono]] dey hold say, Taakora, de highest of de Bono gods on Earth, dey live at de source of de river.<ref>[http://patachu.com/tano-river/ Tano River] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130216063641/http://patachu.com/tano-river/ |date=2013-02-16 }}. ''patachu.com''.</ref> De last few individuals of Miss Waldron's Red Colobus (''Piliocolobus badius waldronae''), one of de world ein most threatened primates, be believed to live insyd de forest between de river den Ehy Lagoon.<ref>McGraw (2005)</ref> As of mid-2008, dis area be slated for logging by Unilever, plus de aim to replace am plus oil palm plantations.<ref>Wolzer (2008)</ref><ref name=":0" /> Insyd [[January]] of 2020, a truck plus loads of sulfuric acid plunge into de Tano river. On January 13 na dem advise de people make dem no suck de water secof contamination. De river since be restored to ein natural state.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Poisoned Tano River Restored – GWCL |url=https://www.modernghana.com/news/979917/poisoned-tano-river-restored-gwcl.html |website=Modern Ghana}}</ref> == Drainage basin den hydrology == De Tano River be de principal watercourse of de Tano Basin, one of de four major river basins insyd southwestern Ghana, alongside de Ankobra, Bia, den Pra basins. De basin dey cover approximately 16,060 square kilometres, of wich about 92.6% dey lie within Ghana den 7.4% dey extend into Ivory Coast.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=TANO BASIN |url=https://wrc.gov.gh/ova_por/tano/}}</ref> De basin dey extend between latitudes ''5°00′ N'' den ''7°40′ N'' den longitudes 1°48′ W den ''3°05′ W''. Major tributaries of de Tano River dey include de ''Boin'', ''Disue'', ''Amama'', ''Abu'', ''Gaw'', ''Suraw'', ''Samre'', ''Totua'', den ''Disri rivers''.<ref name=":1" /> De Tano Basin dey support agriculture, forestry, mining, den domestic water supply across southwestern Ghana den southeastern Ivory Coast. De river system drains a region rich insyd mineral resources, wey dey include gold den bauxite deposits.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Tano River {{!}} Ghana, Ivory Coast & Burkina Faso {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Tano-River |access-date=2026-06-16 |work=Encyclopedia Britannica |language=en}}</ref> == Ecology den biodiversity == De Tano River den ein associated wetlands dey support important ecosystems, particularly insyd de lower basin around de Tanoé-Ehy swamp forests den de Aby Lagoon complex. Dese habitats dey contain significant biodiversity den dey provide ecological connectivity between Ghana den Ivory Coast.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Koffi |first=Alexandre Tano Kan |date=2025-07-21 |title=Comprehensive Analysis of the Tano River and Its Basin |url=https://tanoriver.com/comprehensive-analysis-of-the-tano-river-and-its-basin/ |access-date=2026-06-16 |website=The Tano River |language=en-US}}</ref> De basin sanso dey support numerous fish species, wetland birds, den tropical forest ecosystems wey be increasingly threatened by deforestation, agricultural expansion, den illegal mining activities.<ref name=":2" /> == Environmental challenges == De Tano River Basin dey face increasing environmental pressures from deforestation, pollution, '''''illegal small-scale mining''''' (dem know locally as ''[[galamsey]]''), den agricultural expansion. Dese activities contribute to water quality degradation, sedimentation, den habitat loss.<ref name=":2" /> Transboundary cooperation between Ghana den [[Ivory Coast|Côte d’Ivoire]] be increasingly important to ensure sustainable management of de river ein water resources den ecosystems.<ref name=":1" /> == References == [[Category:Rivers insyd Ghana]] <references /> ==Sources== * McGraw, W. Scott (2005): Update on the Search for Miss Waldron's Red Colobus Monkey. ''International Journal of Primatology'' '''26'''(3): 605–619. <small>{{doi|10.1007/s10764-005-4368-9}}</small> (HTML abstract) * Wolzer, Chris (2008): [http://www.wildvet.at/modules.php?op=modload&name=News&file=article&sid=193&mode=thread&order=0&thold=0 Tanoé Swamps Forest destruction by Unilever]. Version of 2008-MAY-28. Retrieved 2008-JUN-24.<!-- there are more detailed sources, but this seems to be the only English one that gets the taxonomy right... the most reliable sources at present would seem to be exclusively in French and German --> == External links == {{Commons}} *[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7IB1GNP8Prw Tano River] *[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aXCcgllSV5A Drying up of the Tano River] *[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q6QKc0Mz2DA Human Activities Dries up Tano River] *[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pQcfaRn9dbE&t=333s Tanoso Residents do not eat fish in the Tano River] [[Category:Rivers insyd Ivory Coast]] [[Category:International rivers of Africa]] [[Category:Ghana–Ivory Coast border]] [[Category:Border rivers]] n35u87dpoy4fo9576jjd1lruh1wmu1b 0 27813 106261 104753 2026-07-04T18:50:00Z DaSupremo 9 Make sum corrections 106261 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} De '''Momela''' (anaa '''Momella''') '''Lakes''' be seven shallow lakes wey locate within Arusha National Park namely: Big Momela, Small Momela, El Kekhotoito, Kusare, Rishateni, Lekandiro den Tulusia.<ref name=pp01>{{cite web| url=https://www.exploring-africa.com/en/tanzania/arusha-national-park/momela-lakes|title=The ''Momela Lakes''|publisher=Exploring Africa}}</ref><ref>[https://www.uvm.edu/rsenr/wfb175/arusha%20np%20map.pdf Arusha National Park], [[University of Vermont]]. Accessed 30 September 2022.</ref> Entrance to de park dey insyd Village Momella, Meru District of Arusha Region, Tanzania<ref>{{coord|3|13|S|36|52|E|display=inline}}</ref> == Geography == Lakes be alkaline wey be formed from de volcanic debris dem create wen Mount Meru blow ein top 250,000 years ago.<ref name=pp02>{{cite web |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=16--sm53nX4C&pg=PA401 |title=Tanzania |publisher=[[Rough Guides]] |author=Jens Finke |date=2003 |accessdate=2 April 2019 }}</ref> As de lakes be alkaline, animals no dey drink from dema waters,<ref name=pp01 /> buh zebras dan birds fi be spot for dema banks.<ref name=pp02 /> Lakes be de highlights of de Eastern section of Arusha National Park,<ref name=pp02/> wey dey cover de forest of Mount Meru. == References == <references /> == External links == nlcpi15ug663gj86ptmlncgcwvoi6el 106262 106261 2026-07-04T18:51:16Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 106262 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} De '''Momela''' (anaa '''Momella''') '''Lakes''' be seven shallow lakes wey locate within Arusha National Park namely: Big Momela, Small Momela, El Kekhotoito, Kusare, Rishateni, Lekandiro den Tulusia.<ref name=pp01>{{cite web| url=https://www.exploring-africa.com/en/tanzania/arusha-national-park/momela-lakes|title=The ''Momela Lakes''|publisher=Exploring Africa}}</ref><ref>[https://www.uvm.edu/rsenr/wfb175/arusha%20np%20map.pdf Arusha National Park], [[University of Vermont]]. Accessed 30 September 2022.</ref> Entrance to de park dey insyd Village Momella, Meru District of Arusha Region, Tanzania<ref>{{coord|3|13|S|36|52|E|display=inline}}</ref> == Geography == Lakes be alkaline wey be formed from de volcanic debris dem create wen Mount Meru blow ein top 250,000 years ago.<ref name=pp02>{{cite web |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=16--sm53nX4C&pg=PA401 |title=Tanzania |publisher=[[Rough Guides]] |author=Jens Finke |date=2003 |accessdate=2 April 2019 }}</ref> As de lakes be alkaline, animals no dey drink from dema waters,<ref name=pp01 /> buh zebras dan birds fi be spot for dema banks.<ref name=pp02 /> Lakes be de highlights of de Eastern section of Arusha National Park,<ref name=pp02/> wey dey cover de forest of Mount Meru. == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} [[Category:Lakes of Tanzania]] [[Category:Saline lakes of Africa]] [[Category:Lake groups]] cu8t68ihxxz6i0tee5ingiqppvl4ol8 0 27819 106264 104803 2026-07-04T18:56:38Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 106264 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} De '''Nyabarongo''' (pronunciationⓘ) ( anaa '''Nyawarungu''') be a major river insyd [[Rwanda]], part of de upper headwaters of de [[Nile]]. Plus a total length of 351 km (218 mi), e be de longest river entirely insyd Rwanda. E be extended 421 km (262 mi) insyd Lake Rweru wey dey include a 69 km (43 mi) upper course of Kagera River before joining into Ruvuvu River to form de Kagera River. De river dey begin ein course at de confluence of de rivers Mbirurume den Mwogo insyd de South West of de country. Dese two rivers demaselves dey begin insyd Nyungwe Forest, wey dem be considered by sam to be de most distant source of de Nile. From ein start, Nyabarongo dey flow northward for 85&nbsp;km (53 miles), den dey form de border between de Western den Southern Provinces. At de confluence plus de river Mukungwa, de river dey change course den dey flow eastward for 12&nbsp;km (7.5 miles), then to a more South Eastern course for de last 200&nbsp;km (124 miles). For de longest stretch of dis course, de river dey serve as de boundary between de Northern den Southern Provinces, then between de City of Kigali den de Southern Province, den lastly between de City of Kigali den de Eastern Province. De river then before dey enter de Eastern Province den dey end ein course close to de border plus Burundi. De Nyabarongo River dey empty both into Lake Rweru den de Kagera (anaa Akagera) river insyd a small buh complicated delta. De Kagera river dey outflow from Lake Rweru, a mere 1&nbsp;km from de Nyabarongo delta. Almost all de branches of de Nyabarongo delta empty insyd de lake, however, one branch of de delta dey empty directly insyd de just formed Kagera river. De Kagera River eventually dey flow into [[Lake Victoria]] den dey form de Nile. [[File:An_aerial_of_Nyabarongo_River_from_Nyungwe_National_Park_to_River_Nile._Emmanuel_Kwizera.jpg|thumb|An aerial of Nyabarongo River from Nyungwe National Park to [[Nile|River Nile]]. Emmanuel Kwizera]] == Origins == De Nyabarongo River dey originate insyd southwestern Rwanda to de east of [[Lake Kivu]].{{sfn|Hughes|Hughes|Bernacsek|1992|p=97}} De river ein sources dey rise insyd de mountain chain wey dey cover chaw of de western third of Rwanda, to de east of de Albertine Rift.{{sfn|Hughes|Hughes|Bernacsek|1992|p=199}} De main headwaters insyd de forested mountain country, wey dey originate at heights of 2,600 to 2,750 metres (8,530 to 9,020 ft) above sea level, be de Mbirurume den Mwogo rivers.{{sfn|Hughes|Hughes|Bernacsek|1992|p=201}} De longest of de streams wey dey supply de Mwogo be de Rukarara, wich dey rise insyd de Nyungwe Forest.{{sfn|ITMB Publishing|2007}} De Rukarara dey flow south den then east, wey dey empty into de Mwogo River. De Mwogo dey flow north, wey dey merge plus de Mbirurume River south of Bwakira. From dis confluence, de river dey assume de name Nyabarongo.{{sfn|ITMB Publishing|2007}} De source of de Rukarara be a contender for de overall source of de [[Nile]], de most distant headwater.{{sfn|Grainger|2006}} == Course == [[File:Canoing_in_Nyabarongo.jpg|left|thumb|Canoeing on de Nyabarongo]] De Nyawarungu dey run northward thru de mountain chain insyd a deep valley roughly parallel to Lake Kivu den about de same elevation of about 1,500 metres (4,900 ft). At Muramba e dey swing to de southeast. On ein left bank de Nyabugogo River dey deliver de outflow from Lake Muhazi.{{sfn|Hughes|Hughes|Bernacsek|1992|p=201}} Around Kigali de river be used for cooking, drinking den bathing. E sanso dey receive sewage den waste from industry den agriculture. About 35 kilometres (22 mi) further downstream de Akanyaru river dey enter on ein right bank, to de southwest of Kigali.{{sfn|Hughes|Hughes|Bernacsek|1992|p=201}} == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} *{{cite web|ref={{harvid|BirdLife IBA Factsheet}} |url=http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/sites/index.html?action=SitHTMDetails.asp&sid=6776&m=0 |title=BirdLife IBA Factsheet, RW004 Nyabarongo wetlands |format= |access-date=2010-09-09}} *{{cite web |ref={{harvid|Conservation of Nyabarongo Wetlands...}}|url=http://www.birdlife.org/community/2010/05/nyabarongo-wetlands-livelihoods-rwanda/ |title=Conservation of Nyabarongo Wetlands for Sustainable Livelihoods, Rwanda |format= |access-date=2010-09-09}} *{{cite journal|last1=Gasana |first1=J. |last2=Twagilimana |first2=L. |last3=Hallenbeck |first3=W. |last4=Brenniman |first4=G. |journal=Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology |volume=58 |issue=4 |date=1 April 1997 |title=Industrial discharges of metals in Kigali, Rwanda, and the impact on drinking water quality |pages=523–6 |osti=535287 |doi=10.1007/s001289900366 |pmid=9060368 |s2cid=30730076 |url=http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1002&context=eoh |url-access=subscription}} *{{cite web |ref={{harvid|Nyabarongo: Rwanda}}|url=http://geographic.org/geographic_names/name.php?uni=-3017505&fid=5579&c=rwanda |title=Nyabarongo: Rwanda |format= |work=Geographic Names |access-date=2010-09-09}} *{{cite news |last=Grainger |first=Lisa |date=2006-04-01 |title=Journey to the source of the Nile |newspaper=The Daily Telegraph |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/activityandadventure/734885/Journey-to-the-source-of-the-Nile.html |access-date=2011-12-02}} *{{cite book|last1=Hughes|first1=Ralph H.|last2=Hughes|first2=Jane S.|last3=Bernacsek|first3=G. M.|title=Iucn Directory of African Wetlands |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VLjafeXa3gMC&pg=PA205|access-date=2013-03-25 |year=1992|publisher=IUCN|isbn=978-2-88032-949-5|page=205}} *{{cite book |author=ITMB Publishing |year=2007 |title=Rwanda/Burundi Travel Map |location=Richmond, British Columbia |publisher=International Travel Maps |isbn=978-1-55341-380-6}} *{{cite web|ref={{harvid|RWANDA}}|url=http://ramsar.wetlands.org/Portals/15/RWANDA.pdf|title=RWANDA|access-date=2013-03-26|publisher=Ramsar Wetlands}} *{{cite book|last=Streissguth|first=Tom|title=Rwanda in Pictures|url=https://archive.org/details/rwandainpictures0000stre|url-access=registration |page=[https://archive.org/details/rwandainpictures0000stre/page/13 13] |access-date=2013-03-25 |year=2008|publisher=Twenty-First Century Books|isbn=978-0-8225-8570-1}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Protected areas of Rwanda]] [[Category:Rivers of Rwanda]] [[Category:Rivers of Burundi]] leua5imo81y0aeb9yraqg1d1w0d3h6p 0 27820 106266 106039 2026-07-04T19:22:39Z DaSupremo 9 Make sum corrections 106266 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Nima Drainage Channel''' be one key part of Accra ein water drainage system<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-06-26 |title=Work begins on Nima drain reconstruction |url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/ghana-news-work-begins-on-nima-drain-reconstruction.html |location=Accra, Ghana|access-date=2026-06-16 |newspaper=[[Daily Graphic (Ghana)|Daily Graphic]]|language=en-gb}}</ref> dem design to channel out de capital of Ghana ein stormwater.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kojo Oppong Nkrumah breaks ground for Nima-Paloma storm drain reconstruction |url=https://www.modernghana.com/news/1322386/kojo-oppong-nkrumah-breaks-ground-for-nima-paloma.html |access-date=2026-06-16 |website=Modern Ghana |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Nima Drain, Ghana - Ramboll |url=https://www.ramboll.com/en-apac/projects/government-and-public/nima-drain-ghana |access-date=2026-06-16 |website=www.ramboll.com |language=en-apac}}</ref> De Nima Drainage Channel (dem commonly refer to as de Nima Drain)<ref name=":0" /> be a major urban stormwater drainage channel insyd [[Accra]], Ghana. E dey form part of de Odaw River.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-11-05 |title=Dredging of Odaw River, other flood-prone areas in Accra resumes |url=https://ghanaiantimes.com.gh/dredging-of-odaw-river-other-flood-prone-areas-in-accra-resumes/ |access-date=2026-07-04 |website=Ghanaian Times |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite news |date=2024-06-26 |title=Work begins on Nima drain reconstruction |url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/ghana-news-work-begins-on-nima-drain-reconstruction.html |location=Accra, Ghana|access-date=2026-06-16 |newspaper=[[Daily Graphic (Ghana)|Daily Graphic]]|language=en-gb}}</ref> Basin drainage network den dey serve as one of de principal conduits for de conveyance of stormwater from de densely populated communities of Nima, Mamobi, Asylum Down den surrounding areas into de Odaw Channel. De drainage system be central to flood-control efforts<ref name=":1" /> insyd Accra due to ein role in managing runoff within some of de city ein most flood-prone districts. '''Background''' De [[Accra|capital city of Ghana]], de Greater Accra region, dey face perennial flooding, wey dey cause significant economic damage den loss of life.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-02-14 |title=Woman feared dead after being swept away in Nima drain amid heavy rain - MyJoyOnline |url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/woman-feared-dead-after-being-swept-away-in-nima-drain-amid-heavy-rain/ |access-date=2026-06-16 |website=www.myjoyonline.com |language=en-US}}</ref> De Nima Drain dey traverse several neighbourhoods within de Accra Metropolitan Area.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-06-18 |title='Clean Up Accra' campaign clears drains in Amasaman, Tema and Ashaiman |url=https://www.citinewsroom.com/2026/06/clean-up-accra-campaign-clears-drains-in-amasaman-tema-and-ashaiman/ |access-date=2026-06-23 |language=en-US}}</ref> E dey originate from de northeastern sections of Accra den dey pass thru Nima den adjacent communities before joining de Odaw drainage system near de Kwame Nkrumah Circle area.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bortey |first=Francis |date=2026-06-22 |title=Zoomlion, NADMO, Dredge Masters target critical flood-prone Accra areas |url=https://thebftonline.com/2026/06/22/zoomlion-nadmo-dredge-masters-target-critical-flood-prone-accra-areas/ |access-date=2026-06-23 |website=The Business & Financial Times |language=en-GB}}</ref> == References == m6iuumnk1scrfsfav46b2q86gk84bjs 106267 106266 2026-07-04T19:23:59Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 106267 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Nima Drainage Channel''' be one key part of Accra ein water drainage system<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-06-26 |title=Work begins on Nima drain reconstruction |url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/ghana-news-work-begins-on-nima-drain-reconstruction.html |location=Accra, Ghana|access-date=2026-06-16 |newspaper=[[Daily Graphic (Ghana)|Daily Graphic]]|language=en-gb}}</ref> dem design to channel out de capital of Ghana ein stormwater.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kojo Oppong Nkrumah breaks ground for Nima-Paloma storm drain reconstruction |url=https://www.modernghana.com/news/1322386/kojo-oppong-nkrumah-breaks-ground-for-nima-paloma.html |access-date=2026-06-16 |website=Modern Ghana |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Nima Drain, Ghana - Ramboll |url=https://www.ramboll.com/en-apac/projects/government-and-public/nima-drain-ghana |access-date=2026-06-16 |website=www.ramboll.com |language=en-apac}}</ref> De Nima Drainage Channel (dem commonly refer to as de Nima Drain)<ref name=":0" /> be a major urban stormwater drainage channel insyd [[Accra]], Ghana. E dey form part of de Odaw River.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-11-05 |title=Dredging of Odaw River, other flood-prone areas in Accra resumes |url=https://ghanaiantimes.com.gh/dredging-of-odaw-river-other-flood-prone-areas-in-accra-resumes/ |access-date=2026-07-04 |website=Ghanaian Times |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite news |date=2024-06-26 |title=Work begins on Nima drain reconstruction |url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/ghana-news-work-begins-on-nima-drain-reconstruction.html |location=Accra, Ghana|access-date=2026-06-16 |newspaper=[[Daily Graphic (Ghana)|Daily Graphic]]|language=en-gb}}</ref> Basin drainage network den dey serve as one of de principal conduits for de conveyance of stormwater from de densely populated communities of Nima, Mamobi, Asylum Down den surrounding areas into de Odaw Channel. De drainage system be central to flood-control efforts<ref name=":1" /> insyd Accra due to ein role in managing runoff within some of de city ein most flood-prone districts. '''Background''' De [[Accra|capital city of Ghana]], de Greater Accra region, dey face perennial flooding, wey dey cause significant economic damage den loss of life.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-02-14 |title=Woman feared dead after being swept away in Nima drain amid heavy rain - MyJoyOnline |url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/woman-feared-dead-after-being-swept-away-in-nima-drain-amid-heavy-rain/ |access-date=2026-06-16 |website=www.myjoyonline.com |language=en-US}}</ref> De Nima Drain dey traverse several neighbourhoods within de Accra Metropolitan Area.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-06-18 |title='Clean Up Accra' campaign clears drains in Amasaman, Tema and Ashaiman |url=https://www.citinewsroom.com/2026/06/clean-up-accra-campaign-clears-drains-in-amasaman-tema-and-ashaiman/ |access-date=2026-06-23 |language=en-US}}</ref> E dey originate from de northeastern sections of Accra den dey pass thru Nima den adjacent communities before joining de Odaw drainage system near de Kwame Nkrumah Circle area.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bortey |first=Francis |date=2026-06-22 |title=Zoomlion, NADMO, Dredge Masters target critical flood-prone Accra areas |url=https://thebftonline.com/2026/06/22/zoomlion-nadmo-dredge-masters-target-critical-flood-prone-accra-areas/ |access-date=2026-06-23 |website=The Business & Financial Times |language=en-GB}}</ref> == References == <references /> ==External links== {{Commons}} [[Category:Infrastructure insyd Africa]] [[Category:Infrastructure insyd Ghana]] [[Category:Stormwater management]] [[Category:Water management]] [[Category:Greater Accra Region]] sx9fqppsk18um5bcrrikwkt1yi9t85o 0 27823 106269 104935 2026-07-04T20:12:53Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 106269 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Lake Manyara''' dem sanso know as '''Lake Moya''' among de Iraqw people be a lake wey dey locate insyd Monduli District of Arusha Region, [[Tanzania]] wey e be de seventh-largest lake of Tanzania by surface area, at {{convert|470|km2|sqmi|adj=mid}}.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Source book for the inland fishery resources of Africa Vol. 1 |url=https://www.fao.org/4/t0473e/T0473E09.htm |access-date=2026-07-04 |website=www.fao.org}}</ref> E be a shallow, alkaline lake insyd de Natron-Manyara-Balangida branch of de East African Rift.<ref name=FosterEtAl1997>{{cite journal|author=Foster, A. and C. Ebinger and E. Mbede and D. Rex|date=August 1997|title=Tectonic development of the northern Tanzanian sector of the East African Rift System|volume=154|number=4|pages=689–700|journal=Journal of the Geological Society|doi=10.1144/gsjgs.154.4.0689|s2cid=128697181}}</ref> De northwest quadrant of de lake (about 200 sq, km.) <ref name=tanz>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tanzaniatourism.go.tz/en/destination/manyara-national-park|title=Lake Manyara National Park — - Tanzania Tourism|access-date=2019-04-24|archive-date=2022-01-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220127152350/https://tanzaniatourism.go.tz/en/destination/manyara-national-park}}</ref> be included within Lake Manyara National Park wey e be part of de Lake Manyara Biosphere Reserve, dem establish insyd 1981 by [[UNESCO]] as part of ein Man and the Biosphere Programme.<ref>"Lake Manyara". UNESCO. Retrieved 16 June 2016.</ref> Der be differing explanations for how Lake Manyara get ein name. De name Manyara fi cam from de Maasai word "emanyara", wich be de spiky, protective enclosure around a family homestead (boma). Possibly de 600 m high rift escarpment hems insyd de lake, like de enclosure around a Maasai boma.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tanzania.eu/showpage-tanzania-lake_manyara_national_park.html|title=Tanzania, Lake Manyara National Park}}</ref> Anoda theory be say de Mbugwe tribe, wey dey live insyd de Lake Manyara area, fi given de lake ein name based on de Mbugwe word manyero, wey dey mean a trough anaa place wer animals dey suck water.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jamiiforums.com/threads/maana-ya-manyara.60552/|title = Maana ya Manyara}}</ref> == Fish == De main fish species wey dey inhabit de lake be catfish den tilapia.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lake Manyara, Manyara, Tanzania Vacation Info: LakeLubbers |url=https://lakelubbers.com/lake/lake-manyara-tanzania/ |access-date=2026-07-04 |website=Lakes for Vacation, Recreation and Rentals - LakeLubbers |language=en-US}}</ref> Der be a small fishery, buh fish only tend to be found near de inflow areas, wer salt concentrations be lower.<ref name=":0" /> Lake Manyara be de type locality give de endangered fish ''Oreochromis amphimelas'', a species of fish insyd de cichlid family, endemic to Tanzania, dem find insyd Lake Manyara den a number of oda saline lakes plus closed basins. Exploitation be prohibited insyd de parts of Lake Manyara within de National Park den de protected park areas dey provide important seed stock give de replenishment of fished populations.<ref>Bayona, J.D.R. 2006. Oreochromis amphimelas. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2006: e.T60629A12388607. https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2006.RLTS.T60629A12388607.en. 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