Accra High School

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'''Accra High School''' be Senior High school wey dey [[Accra]], Ghana for West Africa. Dem initially start as Boys School.

== Dema History ==
De late Rev. James Thomas Roberts be de Accra High School founder for 17 August 1923.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;[https://www.modernghana.com/news/498687/1/accra-high-school-90-years-and-still-going.html &quot;Accra High School: 90 Years and still going&quot;]. ''Modern Ghana''. modernghana.com. 2013-10-25. Retrieved 14 February 2014.&lt;/ref&gt; Na school dey beach avenue for Aayalolo wey be suburb for Accra, Ghana. De school celebrate ein first anniversary for August 1924 insyd plus church service for Holy Trinity Cathedral, Accra wey ebe Anglican Bishop for  Accra, de late Dr. John Aglionby give de sermon dat day. Na de school den Church of England get good relationship. De school enter dema first candidates for &quot;College of Preceptors&quot;, &quot;Cambridge University&quot;, &quot;De Royal Society of Arts and Pitman's Shorthand Examinations&quot; wey edey United Kingdom for 1924 insyd. 1926, Most of dema pupils rep Junior Cambridge Examination wey dem pass. Dat same year, Mr. Frank Roberts, de eldest son of Rev. Roberts, join de school staff as he graduate plus &quot;Bachelor of Arts&quot; for United Kingdom. Ein hard work help de school Academics den Disciplinary standard for Accra. 1927, de late J.O. Ansah Johnson be de first student wey pass de Cambridge School Certificate Examination.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.modernghana.com/news/239549/1/accra-high-secondary-school-tops-tourism-quiz.html &quot;Accra High Secondary School tops tourism quiz&quot;]. ''Modern Ghana''. modernghana.com. Retrieved 14 February 2014.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.ghanaschoolsnet.com/group/accrahighschool &quot;Accra High School&quot;]. ghanaschoolsnet.com. Retrieved 14 February 2014.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20150714202337/http://omgghana.com/top-10-senior-high-schools-accra/2/ &quot;Top 10 Senior High Schools In Accra&quot;]. omgghana.com. Retrieved 14 February 2014.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Gallery ==

&lt;gallery&gt;
Classroom Block Accra High School.JPG | Classroom Block Accra 

&lt;/gallery&gt;

== Dema Clubs ==

* Interact
* Amnesty International
* Adinkra Drama Club
* Readers, Writers and Debaters Club
* Ghana Methodist Students Union(GHAMSU)
* National Union of Presbyterian Students(NUPS-G)
* Pentecost Students Association(PENSA)
* School Choir
* Regimental band
* Cadet

== References ==
[[Category:High schools insyd Ghana]]
[[Category:Education for Ghana insyd]]
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Category:Schools insyd Accra]]
[[Category:Education insyd Accra]]
[[Category:Public schools insyd Ghana]]
[[Category:1923 establishments insyd Gold Coast (British colony)]]
[[Category:Pages plus maps]]
[[Category:Educational institutions dem establish insyd 1923]]</text>
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'''Accra High School''' be Senior High school wey dey [[Accra]], Ghana for West Africa. Dem initially start as Boys School.

== Dema History ==
De late Rev. James Thomas Roberts be de Accra High School founder for 17 August 1923.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;[https://www.modernghana.com/news/498687/1/accra-high-school-90-years-and-still-going.html &quot;Accra High School: 90 Years and still going&quot;]. ''Modern Ghana''. modernghana.com. 2013-10-25. Retrieved 14 February 2014.&lt;/ref&gt; Na school dey beach avenue for Aayalolo wey be suburb for Accra, Ghana. De school celebrate ein first anniversary for August 1924 insyd plus church service for Holy Trinity Cathedral, Accra wey ebe Anglican Bishop for  Accra, de late Dr. John Aglionby give de sermon dat day. Na de school den Church of England get good relationship. De school enter dema first candidates for &quot;College of Preceptors&quot;, &quot;Cambridge University&quot;, &quot;De Royal Society of Arts and Pitman's Shorthand Examinations&quot; wey edey United Kingdom for 1924 insyd. 1926, Most of dema pupils rep Junior Cambridge Examination wey dem pass. Dat same year, Mr. Frank Roberts, de eldest son of Rev. Roberts, join de school staff as he graduate plus &quot;Bachelor of Arts&quot; for United Kingdom. Ein hard work help de school Academics den Disciplinary standard for Accra. 1927, de late J.O. Ansah Johnson be de first student wey pass de Cambridge School Certificate Examination.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.modernghana.com/news/239549/1/accra-high-secondary-school-tops-tourism-quiz.html &quot;Accra High Secondary School tops tourism quiz&quot;]. ''Modern Ghana''. modernghana.com. Retrieved 14 February 2014.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.ghanaschoolsnet.com/group/accrahighschool &quot;Accra High School&quot;]. ghanaschoolsnet.com. Retrieved 14 February 2014.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20150714202337/http://omgghana.com/top-10-senior-high-schools-accra/2/ &quot;Top 10 Senior High Schools In Accra&quot;]. omgghana.com. Retrieved 14 February 2014.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Gallery ==

&lt;gallery&gt;
Classroom Block Accra High School.JPG | Classroom Block Accra 
Main Entrance Accra High.JPG | Main Entrance Accra High


&lt;/gallery&gt;

== Dema Clubs ==

* Interact
* Amnesty International
* Adinkra Drama Club
* Readers, Writers and Debaters Club
* Ghana Methodist Students Union(GHAMSU)
* National Union of Presbyterian Students(NUPS-G)
* Pentecost Students Association(PENSA)
* School Choir
* Regimental band
* Cadet

== References ==
[[Category:High schools insyd Ghana]]
[[Category:Education for Ghana insyd]]
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Category:Schools insyd Accra]]
[[Category:Education insyd Accra]]
[[Category:Public schools insyd Ghana]]
[[Category:1923 establishments insyd Gold Coast (British colony)]]
[[Category:Pages plus maps]]
[[Category:Educational institutions dem establish insyd 1923]]</text>
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'''Accra High School''' be Senior High school wey dey [[Accra]], Ghana for West Africa. Dem initially start as Boys School.

== Dema History ==
De late Rev. James Thomas Roberts be de Accra High School founder for 17 August 1923.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;[https://www.modernghana.com/news/498687/1/accra-high-school-90-years-and-still-going.html &quot;Accra High School: 90 Years and still going&quot;]. ''Modern Ghana''. modernghana.com. 2013-10-25. Retrieved 14 February 2014.&lt;/ref&gt; Na school dey beach avenue for Aayalolo wey be suburb for Accra, Ghana. De school celebrate ein first anniversary for August 1924 insyd plus church service for Holy Trinity Cathedral, Accra wey ebe Anglican Bishop for  Accra, de late Dr. John Aglionby give de sermon dat day. Na de school den Church of England get good relationship. De school enter dema first candidates for &quot;College of Preceptors&quot;, &quot;Cambridge University&quot;, &quot;De Royal Society of Arts and Pitman's Shorthand Examinations&quot; wey edey United Kingdom for 1924 insyd. 1926, Most of dema pupils rep Junior Cambridge Examination wey dem pass. Dat same year, Mr. Frank Roberts, de eldest son of Rev. Roberts, join de school staff as he graduate plus &quot;Bachelor of Arts&quot; for United Kingdom. Ein hard work help de school Academics den Disciplinary standard for Accra. 1927, de late J.O. Ansah Johnson be de first student wey pass de Cambridge School Certificate Examination.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.modernghana.com/news/239549/1/accra-high-secondary-school-tops-tourism-quiz.html &quot;Accra High Secondary School tops tourism quiz&quot;]. ''Modern Ghana''. modernghana.com. Retrieved 14 February 2014.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.ghanaschoolsnet.com/group/accrahighschool &quot;Accra High School&quot;]. ghanaschoolsnet.com. Retrieved 14 February 2014.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20150714202337/http://omgghana.com/top-10-senior-high-schools-accra/2/ &quot;Top 10 Senior High Schools In Accra&quot;]. omgghana.com. Retrieved 14 February 2014.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Gallery ==

&lt;gallery&gt;
Classroom Block Accra High School.JPG | Classroom Block Accra 
Main Entrance Accra High.JPG | Main Entrance Accra High
Basketball court Accra High School.JPG | Basketball court Accra High School

&lt;/gallery&gt;

== Dema Clubs ==

* Interact
* Amnesty International
* Adinkra Drama Club
* Readers, Writers and Debaters Club
* Ghana Methodist Students Union(GHAMSU)
* National Union of Presbyterian Students(NUPS-G)
* Pentecost Students Association(PENSA)
* School Choir
* Regimental band
* Cadet

== References ==
[[Category:High schools insyd Ghana]]
[[Category:Education for Ghana insyd]]
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Category:Schools insyd Accra]]
[[Category:Education insyd Accra]]
[[Category:Public schools insyd Ghana]]
[[Category:1923 establishments insyd Gold Coast (British colony)]]
[[Category:Pages plus maps]]
[[Category:Educational institutions dem establish insyd 1923]]</text>
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'''Accra High School''' be Senior High school wey dey [[Accra]], Ghana for West Africa. Dem initially start as Boys School.

== Dema History ==
De late Rev. James Thomas Roberts be de Accra High School founder for 17 August 1923.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;[https://www.modernghana.com/news/498687/1/accra-high-school-90-years-and-still-going.html &quot;Accra High School: 90 Years and still going&quot;]. ''Modern Ghana''. modernghana.com. 2013-10-25. Retrieved 14 February 2014.&lt;/ref&gt; Na school dey beach avenue for Aayalolo wey be suburb for Accra, Ghana. De school celebrate ein first anniversary for August 1924 insyd plus church service for Holy Trinity Cathedral, Accra wey ebe Anglican Bishop for  Accra, de late Dr. John Aglionby give de sermon dat day. Na de school den Church of England get good relationship. De school enter dema first candidates for &quot;College of Preceptors&quot;, &quot;Cambridge University&quot;, &quot;De Royal Society of Arts and Pitman's Shorthand Examinations&quot; wey edey United Kingdom for 1924 insyd. 1926, Most of dema pupils rep Junior Cambridge Examination wey dem pass. Dat same year, Mr. Frank Roberts, de eldest son of Rev. Roberts, join de school staff as he graduate plus &quot;Bachelor of Arts&quot; for United Kingdom. Ein hard work help de school Academics den Disciplinary standard for Accra. 1927, de late J.O. Ansah Johnson be de first student wey pass de Cambridge School Certificate Examination.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.modernghana.com/news/239549/1/accra-high-secondary-school-tops-tourism-quiz.html &quot;Accra High Secondary School tops tourism quiz&quot;]. ''Modern Ghana''. modernghana.com. Retrieved 14 February 2014.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.ghanaschoolsnet.com/group/accrahighschool &quot;Accra High School&quot;]. ghanaschoolsnet.com. Retrieved 14 February 2014.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20150714202337/http://omgghana.com/top-10-senior-high-schools-accra/2/ &quot;Top 10 Senior High Schools In Accra&quot;]. omgghana.com. Retrieved 14 February 2014.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Gallery ==

&lt;gallery&gt;
Classroom Block Accra High School.JPG | Classroom Block Accra 
Main Entrance Accra High.JPG | Main Entrance Accra High
Basketball court Accra High School.JPG | Basketball court Accra High School
Accra High School Bus.JPG | Accra High School Bus
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== Dema Clubs ==

* Interact
* Amnesty International
* Adinkra Drama Club
* Readers, Writers and Debaters Club
* Ghana Methodist Students Union(GHAMSU)
* National Union of Presbyterian Students(NUPS-G)
* Pentecost Students Association(PENSA)
* School Choir
* Regimental band
* Cadet

== References ==
[[Category:High schools insyd Ghana]]
[[Category:Education for Ghana insyd]]
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Category:Schools insyd Accra]]
[[Category:Education insyd Accra]]
[[Category:Public schools insyd Ghana]]
[[Category:1923 establishments insyd Gold Coast (British colony)]]
[[Category:Pages plus maps]]
[[Category:Educational institutions dem establish insyd 1923]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>User talk:DaSupremo</title>
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      <comment>/* Gentle Reminder: Kindly submit your Organizer Feedback for Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 */ new section</comment>
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      <text bytes="51732" sha1="qd1c1ng2h0ci8t34lostratrtxbiak6" xml:space="preserve">== Welcome to the Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia! ==

Hi DaSupremo, and also ping @[[User:Yaw tuba|Yaw tuba]], @[[User:Gyanford|Gyanford]], @[[User:Feliciopedro2|Feliciopedro2]], @[[User:Sunkanmi12|Sunkanmi12]], @[[User:NanaKojo16|NanaKojo16]], @[[User:NanaYawBotar|NanaYawBotar]], @[[User:Afimaame|Afimaame]], @[[User:Elkay20|Elkay20]] and @[[User:Ibn Dagara|Ibn Dagara]].

Welcome to the Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia! You and all your co-contributors have done a great job so far in getting here, and I would like to congratulate you on finally having the newest official Wikipedia edition! Well done to all of you!

For previous wikis, there have usually been some technical issues that take some time to fix, but for the first time in many years, I think all of the normal technical issues have actually already bene solved now, less than one day after the Wikipedia was created. Visual editor works like it should, the same with the DiscussionTools, Wikidata support has been enabled, and the statistics in [[Special:Statistics]] look correct.

But still, if you notice any issues, or if there are things you want to do but aren't able to for some reason, please feel free to reach out to me, and I can help figure out how to solve them.

Best of luck to all of you with your new Wikipedia, and happy editing! 🎉 [[User:Jon Harald Søby|Jon Harald Søby]] ([[User talk:Jon Harald Søby|talk]]) 01:07, 6 July 2023 (GMT)

:Hello [[User:Jon Harald Søby|Jon Harald Søby]] ([[User talk:Jon Harald Søby|talk]]) thanks for that and we are also grateful for your continuous help and support. We would like to fix the use of bare URLS for references. Thanks [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 13:48, 6 July 2023 (GMT)
:Thanks  [[User:NanaKojo16|NanaKojo16]] ([[User talk:NanaKojo16|talk]]) 08:38, 7 July 2023 (GMT)
==Modifications to the home page==
Hello dear [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]]
I've made a slight modification to the homepage, by adding the number of existing articles.
And I designed and programmed a new template for the introduction of the home page.
I hope you see it:[[User:Osps7/Test]]

With regards--[[User:Osps7|Osps7]] ([[User talk:Osps7|talk]]) 18:26, 19 August 2023 (GMT)

:Wow...thanks for that. [[User:Osps7|Osps7]] ([[User talk:Osps7|talk]]) It will help us track and remove vandalism on articles. Really grateful [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 21:38, 19 August 2023 (GMT)
==Important inquiry==
Dear [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]], I am trying to work on developing the Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia by adding new tools and improving the work of the Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia by adding software tools that contribute to increasing effectiveness and contribute to protecting the encyclopedia from vandalism.
I'm trying to work on an add-on (MediaWiki:Gadget-autocomplete.js)
But I need permissions, how can I request permissions?

With regards--[[User:Osps7|Osps7]] ([[User talk:Osps7|talk]]) 11:42, 20 August 2023 (GMT)

:I think you can propose it on [[phab:|Phabricator]] and start working on it. [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 12:36, 20 August 2023 (GMT)

== Suggestions ==

First off, congratulations on leading the creation of and becoming admin of this Wikipedia, which is still the newest AFAIK. Hope that this project continues to grow and thrive. Onto the suggestions: with regards to the references, I think if you used your admin permissions to import the CS1 citation templates from enwiki it would also take care of the dependent modules. Or maybe someone from the community should file a request on MetaWiki. Documentation templates would also be handy I also think it might be a good idea to add a system or template for handling linguistic issues: for instance, I've already seen a page copied from enwiki with no effort made to translate it (although I can't find the specific page right now). Thanks! [[User:MSG17|MSG17]] ([[User talk:MSG17|talk]]) 15:43, 24 August 2023 (GMT)

:Thanks for the good wishes. I would really need help cos I am not conversant with the templates. I will ask a couple of guys around. Thanks again [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 16:34, 24 August 2023 (GMT)
==suggestion==
Dear [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]],
What do you think of the idea of ​​adding a new section to the home page called “In the News” and updating it continuously?--[[User:Osps7|Osps7]] ([[User talk:Osps7|talk]]) 12:00, 10 September 2023 (GMT)

:Sounds good. A very good idea [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 12:07, 10 September 2023 (GMT)

== Note ==

Dear @[[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]], I hope you are well.
Over the past few days, I have developed a bot that I will activate here soon. It will create categories and templates that will help us. [[User:Osps7|Osps7]] ([[User talk:Osps7|talk]]) 22:03, 3 November 2023 (GMT)

:Hello [[User:Osps7|Osps7]] ([[User talk:Osps7|talk]]), I am good and you? Noted and thanks for the continuous support. We really appreciate it. [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 22:21, 3 November 2023 (GMT)

== Translation ==
Hi, could you please translate this to Ghanaian Pidgin?

Guosa is a constructed interlanguage originally created by Alex Igbineweka in 1965. It was designed to be a combination of the indigenous languages of Nigeria and to serve as a lingua franca to West Africa.

It has the following characteristics:
* It is an isolating language with subject–verb–object word order.
* There are no articles.
* There is no grammatical gender or noun class system.
* Most grammatical meaning is expressed through particles that precede the words they modify.
* Adjectives follow the noun.
* Guosa is generally prepositional.

Thank you. --[[User:Caro de Segeda|Caro de Segeda]] ([[User talk:Caro de Segeda|talk]]) 07:12, 16 November 2023 (GMT)

:Hello [[User:Caro de Segeda|Caro de Segeda]] ([[User talk:Caro de Segeda|talk]]), thanks for reaching out. This is the Ghanaian Pidgin translation:
:Guosa be constructed interlanguage wey Alex Igbineweka originally create am for 1965 insyd. Dem design am make e be combination of de indigenous languages for Nigeria wey e go serve as lingua franca go West Africa.
:E get de characteristics wey dey follow:
:•E be language wey dey isolate plus subject–verb–object word order.
:•No articles dey.
:•No grammatical gender anaa noun class system dey.
:•Dem dey express chaw grammatical meaning thru particles wey dey precede de words dem modify.
:•Adjectives dey follow de noun.
:•Guosa be generally prepositional. [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 12:03, 16 November 2023 (GMT)

==Importing citation templates==
Was looking at importing cite journal, cite book, and cite web. Best way to do this would be to use this tool and select &quot;Include all templates and transcluded pages&quot; https://gpe.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Import

Would be happy to but only certain user groups have permission to use the tool. Best [[User:Doc James|Doc James]] ([[User talk:Doc James|talk]]) 12:30, 26 October 2024 (GMT)
:By the way hope to see you do more healthcare translations. Once we get the templates imported things will come through better. Best [[User:Doc James|Doc James]] ([[User talk:Doc James|talk]]) 12:44, 26 October 2024 (GMT)
::Thanks [[User:Doc James|Doc James]] ([[User talk:Doc James|talk]]) for this information. It is valuable for us. I have checked it out and I realized it is a good tool. [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 14:05, 26 October 2024 (GMT)
:::Are you able to make me a member of one of these groups &quot;Administrators or Importers&quot; so that I can help. Looking at &quot;Template:Cite book&quot; and not sure it worked properly. [[User:Doc James|Doc James]] ([[User talk:Doc James|talk]]) 23:17, 26 October 2024 (GMT)
::::No please. But I think you can request for a temporal admin [[metawiki:Steward_requests/Permissions#Administrator_access|here]] to enable you carry that task.  [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 11:05, 27 October 2024 (GMT)

== delete ==

Can you please delete [[Talk:Audrey Sitsofe Gadzekpo]] and [[Talk:Joseph Kwame Kumah]]? they are orphaned. Best regards, [[User:TenWhile6|TenWhile6]] ([[User talk:TenWhile6|talk]]) 17:01, 14 November 2024 (GMT)

:Done [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 18:59, 14 November 2024 (GMT)

== Thank you for being a medical translator! ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
{| style=&quot;background-color: #fdffe7; border: 1px solid #fceb92;&quot;
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;vertical-align: middle; padding: 5px;&quot; | [[File:Wiki Project Med Foundation logo.svg|100px]]
|style=&quot;font-size: x-large; padding: 3px 3px 0 3px; height: 1.5em;&quot; |'''The 2024 Cure Translators Award''' 
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align: middle; padding: 3px;&quot; |In 2024 you [https://mdwiki.toolforge.org/Translation_Dashboard/leaderboard.php?camp=all&amp;project=all&amp;year=2024&amp;start=Filter joined us as a medical translator]. Thank you from [[m:WikiProject_Med|Wiki Project Med]] for helping bring free, complete, accurate, up-to-date health information to the public. We look forwards to working together in 2025.
|}

Thanks again :-)  -- [https://mdwiki.org/wiki/User:Doc_James &lt;span style=&quot;color:#0000f1&quot;&gt;'''Doc James'''&lt;/span&gt;] along with the rest of the team at '''[[m:WikiProject_Med|Wiki Project Med Foundation]]''' 06:54, 26 January 2025 (GMT)
&lt;/div&gt;
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:I appreciate the award. Hope to do more this year [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 10:24, 26 January 2025 (GMT)

== Request for help ==

Hello @[[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]],

My name is [[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|Uzoma]], I am the Movement Communications Specialist supporting the [[mediawikiwiki:Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization|Wikimedia Language and Product Localization]] team. I am reaching out because you [[mediawikiwiki:Translation_suggestions:_Topic-based_&amp;_Community-defined_lists/Collaborators#User_names_and_campaigns|indicated interest]] in participating in the [[mediawikiwiki:Translation_suggestions:_Topic-based_&amp;_Community-defined_lists|Translation suggestions: Topic-based &amp; Community-defined lists]] project.

We now have the [https://sw.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&amp;campaign=contributionsmenu&amp;to=sw&amp;filter-type=automatic&amp;filter-id=collections&amp;active-list=suggestions&amp;from=en Community-defined list feature] in the [https://sw.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&amp;campaign=contributionsmenu&amp;to=sw&amp;filter-type=automatic&amp;filter-id=previous-edits&amp;active-list=draft&amp;from=en Content translation tool]. We want to approach organisers of Wiki campaigns that involve translation happening now or soon to add the collection tags to their article list. So that people who use the Content translation tool can discover these campaigns and participate directly from the moment they access the tool using their mobile device. The campaign suggestions will be in the &quot;All Collection&quot; category of the Translation suggestion feature in the tool, as illustrated in the GIF below.

[[File:How_to_select_a_specific_collection_&amp;_all_collections_(1).gif|Screen record of how to select a specific collection and &quot;all collections&quot;]]

'''Our request'''

Please help us by providing a list of the campaigns happening in your community and the organisers we can approach to add the tag. This is important to us because we need to learn from its usage for campaigns.

I would appreciate your help connecting me to the campaigns you are preparing for in your community.

I look forward to your response, and please let me know if you need any clarification. Thank you so much!

Best regards, [[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[User talk:UOzurumba (WMF)|talk]]) 22:28, 11 February 2025 (GMT)

:Hello @[[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] thanks for reaching out. The Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia will be participating in this year's [[metawiki:Wiki_Loves_Ramadan_2025/Participants#Participating_Communities|Wiki Loves Ramadan]]. I will keep you posted when the community participates in subsequent editathons and campaigns. [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 22:43, 11 February 2025 (GMT)
::Thank you so much, @[[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]], for this information. I will keep in touch.
::Best regards, [[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[User talk:UOzurumba (WMF)|talk]]) 18:47, 13 February 2025 (GMT)
:::Ok @[[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 22:14, 13 February 2025 (GMT)

== Follow-up on Incomplete Information for Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025 ==

Hi DaSupremo,

Thank you for signing up your community for For Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025. Please provide the following missing information on the [[m:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025/Participants|participants' page of Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025]].

* Local Project Page Link
* Local Organizer
* Jury Tools Link
* Jury Members

''For the Team'', [[User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] ([[User talk:ZI Jony|talk]]) 05:49, 1 April 2025 (GMT)

:Hello [[User:ZI Jony|'''ZI Jony''']] [[User talk:ZI Jony|&lt;sup&gt;''(Talk)''&lt;/sup&gt;]], thanks for the message. Please none of the information above were created because I am the only person contributing on the Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia participating in the contest. Thanks [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo#top|talk]]) 11:00, 1 April 2025 (UTC) [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 11:01, 1 April 2025 (GMT)
::@[[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]], thank you for your efforts. Unfortunately, above requirements are mandatory. I would like to request you to create an local Wikipedia project page (you would be able to copy content from [[m:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025/Sample|here]], and then translate in your local language). Ask others to join with you as local organizer and jury members. [[User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] ([[User talk:ZI Jony|talk]]) 14:23, 1 April 2025 (GMT)
:::Thanks. Can I still participate as a participant because we did not apply for a grant to organise this event so we have no funds to award winners and its associated cost? [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 14:29, 1 April 2025 (GMT)
::::@[[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]], you still can continue as an local participant. Most of local organizers work without grant, as there are international prizes available. [[User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] ([[User talk:ZI Jony|talk]]) 14:46, 1 April 2025 (GMT)
:::::Oh okay...thanks. I will set up the local page then. [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 15:10, 1 April 2025 (GMT)

== Reminder: Submit Your Local Results for Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025 by 15 May ==

Dear DaSupremo,

Thank you for your valuable contributions to '''Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025''' in your communities!

This is a kind reminder that the '''deadline to submit your local results is 15 May 2025'''.

Please make sure to submit the '''complete and detailed results''' of your local contest on the following Meta-Wiki page:  
'''[[m:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025/Results]]'''

Additionally, feel free to add a brief summary of your local event under the '''Results''' section in your country/region’s row on the participants page:  
'''[[m:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025/Participants]]'''

If you need any assistance during this process, don’t hesitate to reach out.

Thank you for your continued dedication and support!


For, Wiki Loves Ramadan International Team 11:51, 2 May 2025 (GMT)
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==Testing the tool==
Hey DaSupremo was just testing the tool here and thus had put it in my user space. Article is not actually translated

https://gpe.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rabies&amp;action=history

[[User:Doc James|Doc James]] ([[User talk:Doc James|talk]]) 15:24, 7 May 2025 (GMT)

:Hello @[[User:Doc James|Doc James]], yeah I realized that and that is the reason I am moving them to mainspace and translating them. Thanks  [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 16:01, 7 May 2025 (GMT)
::Excellent, and we have the disease infobox / other infoboxes formating correctly now. See [[Glioblastoma]] [[User:Doc James|Doc James]] ([[User talk:Doc James|talk]]) 15:59, 8 May 2025 (GMT)
:::Great. Thank you for this. Now we can have infoboxes on the Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia. Greatly appreciated [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 17:28, 8 May 2025 (GMT)

== Final Reminder – Submit Full Local Results for Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025 by 15 May EOD ==

Dear DaSupremo,

This is a final reminder that the deadline to submit your '''full and detailed local results''' for '''Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025''' is '''15 May 2025''' EOD.

Please ensure you complete the following as soon as possible:

* Submit your full results on Meta-Wiki here: '''[[m:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025/Results]]'''
* Add a brief summary of your local event under the &quot;Results&quot; column on: '''[[Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025/Participants]]'''

Failure to submit by the deadline may result in exclusion from the international jury consideration.

If you need help or encounter any issues, feel free to contact the international team.

Thank you once again for your dedication and hard work!


''Warm regards,''&lt;br/&gt;
'''Wiki Loves Ramadan International Team''', 02:39, 15 May 2025 (GMT)
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== Share Your Feedback – Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025 ==

Dear DaSupremo

Thank you for being a part of '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025|Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025]]''' — whether as a contributor, jury member, or local organizer. Your efforts helped make this campaign a meaningful celebration of culture, heritage, and community on Wikimedia platforms.

To help us improve and grow this initiative in future years, we kindly ask you to complete a short '''feedback form'''. Your responses are valuable in shaping how we support contributors like you.

* '''Feedback Form:''' [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdXEtaqszxcwmTJa8pGT60E7GDtpbssNadR9vZFVFbLicGFBg/viewform Submit your feedback here]
* '''Deadline to submit:''' 31 May 2025

It will only take a few minutes to complete, and your input will directly impact how we plan, communicate, and collaborate in the future.

Thank you again for your support. We look forward to having you with us in future campaigns!


Warm regards,&lt;br/&gt;
''Wiki Loves Ramadan International Team'' 08:51, 19 May 2025 (GMT)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:ZI_Jony/MassMessage/WLR/List/Participants&amp;oldid=28751574 --&gt;

== Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025 – Global Top 10 Winner: Congratulations! ==

'''Dear DaSupremo,'''

Congratulations! You have been selected as one of the '''Top 10 Global Winners''' (ranks 4 to 10) of the '''[[m:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025|Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025]]''' campaign. Your contributions and participation have greatly enriched the project, and we sincerely appreciate your efforts.

To send you your prize and the official campaign T-shirt, we kindly request the following details:

* Full name:  
* Wikimedia username:  
* Country of residency:  
* Email address:  
* Preferred T-shirt size (M, L, XL):  
* Preferred T-shirt color (Black, White, Navy):  

'''Please send the above information within 24 hours to:''' '''support@wikilovesramadan.org'''

Your prize will be delivered through the [https://www.tremendous.com/catalog/ Tremendous] platform.

Also, we kindly request you to fill the '''[https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdXEtaqszxcwmTJa8pGT60E7GDtpbssNadR9vZFVFbLicGFBg/viewform Participant Feedback Form]''' at your earliest convenience.

Once again, thank you for your amazing contribution.

'''Best regards,'''  
''Wiki Loves Ramadan International Team'', [[User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] ([[User talk:ZI Jony|talk]]) 03:43, 27 May 2025 (GMT)

:Hello @[[User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]], Thanks for the message. I have some reservations about the Winner of the campaign. I do not understand the language but it is clear when an article is created in a particular language. Most of their contributions (from what I sampled) where actually 'discussion pages' rather than translated articles. See [[:bn:আলাপ:মরক্কোতে_আশুরা|this]], [[:bn:আলাপ:গ্রেটার_টলেডো_ইসলামিক_সেন্টার|this]], [[:bn:আলাপ:মুসলিম_আমেরিকান_সোসাইটি|this]] and most could be found on the [[xtools:pages/bn.wikipedia.org/Hasan muntaseer/1|Xtool]]. Moreover, they were not even registered on the dashboard as we were told it was a requirement. On the dashboard, only [[wmfdashboard:courses/Wiki_Loves_Ramadan/Wiki_Loves_Ramadan_2025|241 articles]] where created in the Bangla Wikipedia. I might be wrong but their results need to be reviewed to ensure fairness and transparency. Thank you. [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 08:03, 27 May 2025 (GMT)
::[[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]], I believe that the same question you maybe asked to Dnshitobu earlier! Mostly tracking categories are used in the talk page of the articles for almost all Wikipedia, including Bangla and English Wikipedia. They use a template on the article talk page where a description also placed, instead of using on the main articles. Using dashboard were not a mandatory tool, because many wikis' developed thier own jury tools, like Bangla, Ukrainian, even English Wikipedia also used a different tool called [https://fountain.toolforge.org Fountain], it’s depend on local organizers which tool they are comfortable to use. Bangla Wikipedia was submitted 1806 articles, due to non-relevant issue they removed several articles. For you clarity, Bangla Wikipedia was looking for additional jury members to complete thier jury process in time, and I joined to help then, in the meantime I have re-reviewd several articles. So, I believe that the jury process were well strictured and trusted. I kindly request you to provide the details you have been asked at your earliest convenience. Additional inquiry, are you attending EduWiki Conference 2025? Or, someone who can receive your gift and certificate from the conference let me know in the same email. Thank you! [[User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] ([[User talk:ZI Jony|talk]]) 10:51, 27 May 2025 (GMT)
:::Ok...thanks for the detailed explanation. [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 11:03, 27 May 2025 (GMT)

== [[José Rafael Córdero Sánchez]] ==

Hi DaSupremo, I need your help about this article because is a crosswiki spam, for more details please check: [[:nl:Overleg Wikipedia:Checklijst langdurig structureel vandalisme/Josercs1|this report]] from Dutch Wikipedia. Thank you. [[User:Taichi|Taichi]] ([[User talk:Taichi|talk]]) 23:48, 16 October 2025 (GMT)

:Hello @[[User:Taichi|Taichi]]. Thanks for reaching out and well noted. [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 00:01, 17 October 2025 (GMT)

== [[Samata (fashion entrepreneur)]] ==

Hi DaSupremo, I noticed that you expanded this article in 2023 by translating content from English Wikipedia. The English Wikipedia article was deleted earlier this year as most of the sources were found to be spam or unreliable. Other language Wikipedias like French, Arabic, Swahili and Igbo have also deleted this article on similar grounds. It seems the original English article was written by a spammer for promotional purposes, therefore the Ghanaian Pidgin article (which was primarily translated from English) should also be deleted. Let me know your thoughts. [[User:Acoustical|Acoustical]] ([[User talk:Acoustical|talk]]) 19:16, 25 November 2025 (GMT)

:Hello @[[User:Acoustical|Acoustical]]. Thanks for reaching out and well noted. Since it has been deleted from other language Wikipedias, I think it should be deleted too on the Ghanaian Pidgin WIkipedia. [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 22:32, 25 November 2025 (GMT)

== Undeletion Request ==

hello @[[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]]

I noticed that you previously improved the article about Adebayo Temitayo (Realjjfrosh). I wanted to let you know that the page was later deleted.

If you have time, I would appreciate any guidance on whether the sources used (Punch, Vanguard, ThisDay, BusinessDay, Daily Trust) meet the project’s notability standards, or how the article could be reworked to comply fully with policy.

Thank you for your earlier improvements and for any advice you may be able to offer. [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-74643-7|&amp;#126;2026-74643-7]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-74643-7|talk]]) 12:13, 3 February 2026 (GMT)

:It was deleted because of (Spam and it was a ([[metawiki:steward|steward]] action)) [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 12:19, 3 February 2026 (GMT)
::Ok thanks  [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-74643-7|&amp;#126;2026-74643-7]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-74643-7|talk]]) 12:39, 3 February 2026 (GMT)

== Thank you for being a medical contributors! ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
{| style=&quot;background-color: #fdffe7; color: #000; border: 1px solid #fceb92;&quot;
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;vertical-align: middle; padding: 5px;&quot; | [[File:Wiki Project Med Foundation logo.svg|130px]]
|style=&quot;font-size: x-large; padding: 3px 3px 0 3px; height: 1.5em;&quot; |'''The 2025 Cure Award''' 
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align: middle; padding: 3px;&quot; |In 2025 you '''[[mdwiki:WikiProjectMed:WikiProject_Medicine/Stats/Top_medical_editors_2025_(all)|were one of the top medical editors in your language]]'''. Thank you from [[m:WikiProject_Med|Wiki Project Med]] for helping bring free, complete, accurate, up-to-date health information to the public. We appreciate you and the vital work you do! 

Wiki Project Med Foundation is a [[meta:Wikimedia_thematic_organizations|thematic organization]] whose mission is to improve our health content. '''[[meta:Wiki_Project_Med#People_interested|Consider joining for 2026]]''', there are no associated costs.

Additionally one of our primary efforts revolves around translating health content. We invite you to '''[https://mdwiki.toolforge.org/Translation_Dashboard/index.php try our new workflow]''' if you have not already. Our dashboard automatically [https://mdwiki.toolforge.org/Translation_Dashboard/leaderboard.php collects statistics] of your efforts and we are working on [https://mdwiki.toolforge.org/fixwikirefs.php tools to automatically improve formating].
|}

Look forwards to collaborating in the year ahead. Thanks again :-)  -- [[mdwiki:User:Doc_James|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0000f1&quot;&gt;'''Doc James'''&lt;/span&gt;]] along with the rest of the team at '''[[m:WikiProject_Med|Wiki Project Med Foundation]]''' 07:42, 14 February 2026 (GMT)
&lt;/div&gt;

(This message was sent to [[:User:DaSupremo]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Doc James@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Top_Other_Language_Editors_2025&amp;oldid=30070084 --&gt;

== Thank you for being a medical translator! ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
{| style=&quot;background-color: #fdffe7; color: #000; border: 1px solid #fceb92;&quot;
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;vertical-align: middle; padding: 5px;&quot; | [[File:Wiki Project Med Foundation logo.svg|100px]]
|style=&quot;font-size: x-large; padding: 3px 3px 0 3px; height: 1.5em;&quot; |'''The 2025 Cure Translators Award''' 
|-
| style=&quot;vertical-align: middle; padding: 3px;&quot; |In 2025 you [https://mdwiki.toolforge.org/Translation_Dashboard/leaderboard.php?camp=all&amp;user_group=all&amp;year=2025&amp;month=All joined us as a medical translator]. Thank you from [[m:WikiProject_Med|Wiki Project Med]] for helping bring free, complete, accurate, up-to-date health information to the public.

Wiki Project Med Foundation is a [[meta:Wikimedia_thematic_organizations|thematic organization]] whose mission is to improve our health content. '''[[meta:Wiki_Project_Med#People_interested|Consider formally joining the organization for 2026]]''', there are no associated costs.
|}

Look forwards to collaborating further in the year ahead. Thanks again :-)  -- [[mdwiki:User:Doc_James|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0000f1&quot;&gt;'''Doc James'''&lt;/span&gt;]] along with the rest of the team at '''[[m:WikiProject_Med|Wiki Project Med Foundation]]''' 07:53, 14 February 2026 (GMT)
&lt;/div&gt;

(This message was sent to [[:User:DaSupremo]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.)
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== Feminism and Folklore 2026 – Community Organisers &amp; Jury ==

Hello {{PAGENAME}}!,

Thank you for taking the lead in organising '''Feminism and Folklore 2026''' in your community. We truly appreciate your efforts!

To ensure a smooth and successful campaign, please make sure you have:
* Fully completed all details on the [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Feminism and Folklore 2026 Project Page]]:
* Started promoting the campaign within your community.
* Requested a local administrator to place a '''sitenotice''' about the campaign so users are notified.
* Used the '''[https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/fnf/ Article List Generator Tool]''' and shared the generated article lists with your community.

=== Internet &amp; Childcare Support ===
Community organisers and jury members who require '''internet and childcare support''' (non-mandatory, opt-in, request-only support) should fill the support request form '''by 22 February 2026'''.

'''[https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeutXEF1yTnJfExWUYPIf6SkhcnTgul07BeI-biqT4RE_vsrA/viewform Link to the form]'''

Requests submitted after this date will not be entertained.

=== Important Participation Guidelines ===

* Minimum article size: '''3000 bytes and 300 words''' (final decision may be set by local organisers).
* If your country is not listed on the Article list generator tool, please contact us.

=== Community Engagement ===

* Keep your community active and motivated throughout the campaign.
* Share your achievements and notable articles with us so we can highlight them globally.
* In the support form, please indicate if you would like a '''quick coordination call after the campaign'''.
Let’s make '''Feminism and Folklore''', under the banner of '''#WeTogether''', help bridge the '''gender gap''' and '''folklore gap''' on Wikipedia worldwide. 🌍✊

Thank you for your collaboration!

''If someone from your community organisers or jury has missed this message feel free to share this message with them.''

Feminism and Folklore International Team.

–[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 05:17, 16 February 2026 (GMT)
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== Translation request ==

Hello, DaSupremo.

Can you translate and upload the articles [[:en:Bazardüzü]] and [[:en:Campi Flegrei]] in Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia? 

Yours sincerely, [[User:Kurcke|Kurcke]] ([[User talk:Kurcke|talk]]) 07:39, 15 March 2026 (GMT)

:Hello @[[User:Kurcke|Kurcke]]. Noted [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 13:22, 15 March 2026 (GMT)
::Hello, DaSupremo.
::Thank you very much for the new article.
::Yours sincerely, [[User:Kurcke|Kurcke]] ([[User talk:Kurcke|talk]]) 16:43, 9 April 2026 (GMT)
:::Welcome @[[User:Kurcke|Kurcke]] [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 16:47, 9 April 2026 (GMT)

== Next Steps and Feedback meeting for Feminism and Folklore Organizers ==

&lt;div style=&quot;border:8px maroon ridge; padding:6px;&quot;&gt;

[[File:Feminism and Folklore 2026 logo.svg|center|550px|frameless]]

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; style=&quot;padding: 1em 2em;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center; width: 100%;&quot;&gt;''{{int:please-translate}}''&lt;/div&gt;

Dear Organizer,

I hope this message finds you well.

First and foremost, on behalf of the International Team I want to extend my gratitude to you for your efforts in organizing the '''Feminism and Folklore 2026''' campaign on your local Wikipedia. Your contribution has been instrumental in bridging the gender and folk gap on Wikipedia, and we truly appreciate your dedication to this important cause.

As the campaign has ended I wanted to inform you about the next steps. It's time to commence the jury process using the CampWiz or Fountain tool where your campaign was hosted. Please ensure that you update the details of the jury, campaign links and the names of organizers accurately on the [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|sign-up page]].

Once the jury process is completed, kindly update only the top 3 winners details on the [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Results|results page]] accordingly. The deadline for jury submission of results is '''April 30, 2026'''. However, if you find that the number of articles is high and you require more time, please don't hesitate to inform us via email or on campaign Meta Wiki talk page. We are more than willing to approve an extension if needed.

Should you encounter any issues with the tools, please feel free to reach out to us on Telegram for assistance. 

Your feedback and progress updates are crucial for us to improve the campaign and better understand your community's insights. Therefore, we kindly ask you to spare just an hour to collectively share your progress and achievements with us during our '''[[:m:Event:Feminism and Folklore 2026 Post-Campaign Office Hour|community feedback session]]'''. Your input will greatly assist us in making the campaign more meaningful and impactful.

Thank you once again for your hard work and dedication to the Feminism and Folklore campaign. Your efforts are deeply appreciated, and we look forward to hearing from you soon.

Warm regards,

[[User:Tiven2240|Tiven2240]]

on behalf of Feminism and Folklore International Team 

&lt;nowiki&gt;#WeTogether&lt;/nowiki&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
--[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 11:57, 11 April 2026 (GMT)
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== You may be an eligible candidate for the U4C election ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Greetings,

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] seeks candidates for the 2026 election. The U4C is the global committee responsible for overseeing enforcement of the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]]. Elections are held annually, if elected a committee member serves for two years.

This year the U4C requires candidates to hold administrator rights on at least one wiki, which is why you are being contacted as you appear to hold this right. There are other requirements, such as candidates must be at least 18 years old and may not be employed by the Wikimedia Foundation or other related chapters and affiliates. You can find more information in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026#Call_for_Candidates|call for candidates on Meta-wiki]]. Additionally, the committee's working language is English; some ability to communicate in English is required.

The election opens on 18 May, if you are eligible and interested you have until 10 May to submit your candidacy. There will week between for candidates to answer questions from the community. Voting takes place privately in [[m:Special:MyLanguage/SecurePoll|SecurePoll]], successful candidates must receive at least 60% support. More information is available on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|the 2026 Elections page]], including timelines and other candidacy information. If you read over the material and consider yourself qualified, please consider submitting your name to run for the committee. If you think someone else in your community might be interested and qualified, please encourage them to run.

In partnership with the U4C -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 18:33, 28 April 2026 (GMT) &lt;/div&gt;
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== Ghanaian Pidgin ==

Hello. I'm looking for Ghanaian Pidgin translation of descriptions of a few items for Wikidata. Would you help? [[User:Eurohunter|Eurohunter]] ([[User talk:Eurohunter|talk]]) 19:45, 7 May 2026 (GMT)

:Sure [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 20:07, 7 May 2026 (GMT)
:: I'm looking for:
: &quot;studio album by Basshunter&quot;
: &quot;compilation album by Basshunter&quot;
: &quot;song by Käärijä den Basshunter&quot;
: &quot;single by Käärijä den Basshunter&quot;
: &quot;promotional single by Basshunter&quot;
: &quot;music video by Basshunter&quot;
: &quot;lyric video by Basshunter&quot;
:: [[User:Eurohunter|Eurohunter]] ([[User talk:Eurohunter|talk]]) 20:17, 7 May 2026 (GMT)
:::@[[User:Eurohunter|Eurohunter]] Done [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 16:25, 8 May 2026 (GMT)
:::: So they are almost like English with the only difference of &quot;den&quot;? [[User:Eurohunter|Eurohunter]] ([[User talk:Eurohunter|talk]]) 18:00, 8 May 2026 (GMT)
:::::Ghanaian Pidgin is more of English with a bit of local Ghanaian languages [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 18:50, 8 May 2026 (GMT)
:::::: Good to know. All added. Thanks a lot. [[User:Eurohunter|Eurohunter]] ([[User talk:Eurohunter|talk]]) 21:30, 8 May 2026 (GMT)

== Request writing about Isabelle de Charriere (Q123386) ==

hi DaSupremo Would you like to write about Isabelle de Charriere (Q123386) for the GPE Wikipedia? It'll be appreciated if it 'll be done. [[User:Boss-well63|Boss-well63]] ([[User talk:Boss-well63|talk]]) 18:41, 29 May 2026 (GMT)

== Final Reminder: Submission of Local Winners for Feminism and Folklore 2026 ==

Dear Feminism and Folklore organiser, 

This is a friendly reminder that the deadline for submitting the names and details of your local winners for '''Feminism and Folklore 2026''' is '''5 June 2026'''.

Please ensure that your community's [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Results|winner information]] is submitted before this date. Communities that do not provide their winner data by the deadline will unfortunately not be eligible for prize distribution, and the international organizing team will not be able to accommodate late submissions received after 5 June 2026.

Thank you for your prompt attention to this matter and for your participation in the campaign.

Best regards,

'''Feminism and Folklore International Organizing Team'''

--[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 02:09, 3 June 2026 (GMT)
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== Thank you for organising Feminism and Folklore 2026 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

[[File:Feminism and Folklore 2026 logo.svg|right|350px]]

Dear {{PAGENAME}},

Your dedication, coordination, and hard work played a vital role in making this year's [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore]] campaign successful. We truly appreciate the time and effort you invested in engaging your community and supporting participants.

As we have completed the jury phase and begin planning for next year's campaign, we would like to learn from your experiences. Please complete the organisers' feedback form and share your insights, challenges, and suggestions on how we can improve the campaign.

'''This feedback form is mandatory for all organisers''', as it helps us evaluate the campaign and make meaningful improvements for future editions.

'''Form link [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSf6IsGAsxkTEWTwueyLg-gBjRVlY3g2kTNj3xRhDiILiQnQwQ/viewform?usp=dialog here]'''

Please submit your response by '''25 June 2026'''.

Thank you once again for your invaluable contributions and for helping make Feminism and Folklore a global success. We look forward to working with you again in the future!

Regards,

'''Feminism and Folklore Team'''

--[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 12:05, 18 June 2026 (GMT)
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== Thank you for being a part of Feminism and Folklore 2026 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

[[File:Feminism and Folklore 2026 logo.svg|right|350px]]

Dear {{PAGENAME}},

Your contributions helped make this year's [[:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore]] campaign a great success, and we are truly grateful for your time, knowledge, and dedication to documenting women's stories and folklore on Wikimedia projects.

As we reflect on this year's campaign and prepare for the next edition, we'd love to hear about your experience. Please take a few minutes to fill out our feedback form and share your thoughts and suggestions.

As a token of our appreciation, everyone who completes the form will receive a '''special digital postcard'''! in their email. This year marks '''''25 years of Wikipedia''''', and the postcard has been created to celebrate this milestone and to recognize the incredible efforts of participants like you who continue to enrich free knowledge for the world.

'''Form Link - [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdqFZN9IdWbAnZ_7DyG5bIsuq7KAkdsIxweC_TdPH9In-tthQ/viewform?usp=dialog here]'''

Please complete the feedback form by '''25 June 2026'''.

Thank you once again for making Feminism and Folklore 2026 a success. We hope to see you again in future campaigns!

Best regards,

Feminism and Folklore international Team.

--[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 14:31, 18 June 2026 (GMT)

&lt;/div&gt;
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== Share your Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 journey! ==

Dear Organizer,

On behalf of the Wiki Loves Ramadan International Team, I want to send a massive thank you for your leadership and hard work during the 2026 campaign. Organizing local events, coordinating juries, and tracking metrics takes a lot of effort, and your dedication has been vital to bridging the knowledge gap regarding Islamic heritage and traditions.

As we wrap up this year's campaign, we would love to hear how things went in your community. We have put together the Organizer Feedback Form to capture your successes, challenges, and metrics.

* '''Link to form''': https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfDsuYSv2S4RCQuwAO9MlykJwgPIy-l9ENTr7I_GxpfVuo2TA/viewform
* '''Deadline''': 31 July 2026

Thank you again for championing this campaign. We couldn't do this without you.


Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:12, 29 June 2026 (GMT)
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== Thank you for joining Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026! ==

Dear Participant,

Thank you so much for participating in the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 campaign! Whether you were writing articles or uploading photos to Wikimedia Commons, your contributions have helped share beautiful traditions, Islamic history, and cultural heritage with the rest of the world. 

We want to make sure next year's campaign is even better, and we need your help to do it! We would love it if you could take 3–5 minutes to fill out our quick '''Participant Feedback Form'''. 

* '''Link to form''': https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScw_bPHsVzpby50jc2_syJD5-mS9scnRL5BLv9UXH2tK3Mr8w/viewform

Thank you again for sharing your knowledge and creativity with the Wikimedia movement. Keep an eye on your talk page and our social media for the final winner announcements soon!  Happy editing,


Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:13, 29 June 2026 (GMT)
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== Congratulations! You are an International Winner for Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 ==
Hello DaSupremo

On behalf of the '''Wiki Loves Ramadan International Team''', I am absolutely thrilled to inform you that you have been selected as an International Winner for the 2026 Content Writing Competition! Your incredible dedication to writing and expanding articles has been recognized, and you have officially won the '''Consolation top 10 winner'''.

To claim your prize, we have just sent an important email to the address linked to your Wikimedia account from '''support@wikilovesramadan.org'''.

Action required: Please check your email inbox right away. If you don't see it, make sure to check your Spam, Promotions, or Social folders, as official emails sometimes get filtered there by mistake.

Please follow the instructions in that email to fill out your winner's form so we can process your reward.

Congratulations again on this amazing achievement, and thank you for helping us share Islamic history and culture with the world! [[User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] ([[User talk:ZI Jony|talk]]) 16:31, 30 June 2026 (GMT)

== Nuking ==
Could you undo the nuking you just did on the editing I was doing the past few days? I put a lot of work into that, like with making sure the coding worked into Ghanaian Pidgin for &quot;Module:If preview/styles.css&quot; and so-on: like my entire weekend was spent just on this. And I saw you were helping correct any mistakes I had made with translating, which I appreciated, so I don't know why you've changed course. [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-39972-87|&amp;#126;2026-39972-87]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-39972-87|talk]]) 22:43, 14 July 2026 (GMT)

:Hello @[[User:~2026-39972-87|~2026-39972-87]]. Thanks for reaching out. I deleted your edits because they were not properly translated into the Ghanaian Pidgin and I initially cautioned you. You continued making wrong translations using AI. I am the only admin for this language and it is making my work tedious. Because of your bad translations I can not keep up with edits which could involve vandalism and spamming articles.  [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 22:54, 14 July 2026 (GMT)
::Right, okay: I will slow down, keep things simpler/not tedious so they can be reviewed. Could you however un-nuke the code-related articles in the meantime: just those ones specifically? That took hours to do, like to make sure I had all the right code sections moved over not to cause errors. And I found a good number of code sections you created where you hadn’t actually transferred over the documentation that made those sections works. [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-39763-56|&amp;#126;2026-39763-56]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-39763-56|talk]]) 23:21, 14 July 2026 (GMT)
:::Hello @[[User:~2026-39763-56|~2026-39763-56]], thanks for understanding and please keep the edits simple to aid in making any necessary corrections. I really appreciate the edits you made but I just could not keep up with the reviewing process hence the reason I deleted them. I am very sorry about that. I will also would like to ask you to create an account if you are comfortable to prevent valuable edits like yours being deleted since it is on a temporal account. Thanks  [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 23:26, 14 July 2026 (GMT)
::::I can do that, yes, thank you. Can you though restore the code article creations like Infobox character? Looking through your logs, you should be able to tell which ones are code articles from the names. Or if you want I can list them. Since even with an account those would take a ''while'' to create again. [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-39870-28|&amp;#126;2026-39870-28]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-39870-28|talk]]) 11:45, 15 July 2026 (GMT)
:::::Hello @[[User:~2026-39870-28|~2026-39870-28]], please can you share them with me. I tried searching for them but your username keeps changing because it is a temporal account. [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 17:35, 15 July 2026 (GMT)
::::::Your [[Special:Log/DaSupremo|logs from the 14th of July list them all here]]: is that helpful? I also tried doing a more simple article [[Spider-Woman (Gwen Stacy)|here]]: is this acceptable, or is it ''too'' simple )requiring more detail)? [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-39923-93|&amp;#126;2026-39923-93]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-39923-93|talk]]) 13:40, 16 July 2026 (GMT)
:::::::Hello @[[User:~2026-39923-93|~2026-39923-93]]. Thanks. It helps and the article looks ''too'' simple. You can improve on it but the mass edit won't be of help. Thanks for your understanding [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 16:34, 16 July 2026 (GMT)

== Gentle Reminder: Kindly submit your Organizer Feedback for Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 ==

Dear Organizer,

Hope you are doing well and keeping safe.

We are reaching out to express our heartfelt gratitude for your relentless efforts and dedication in organizing Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 in your local community. Organizing campaigns takes a lot of hard work, and your leadership has truly made a wonderful impact in bridging the knowledge gap regarding Islamic history and culture.

As we are wrapping up this year’s activities, we kindly remind you to share your local campaign report and experience with us. If you haven't done so already, please take a few minutes to fill out the Organizer Feedback Form.

* '''Link to form''': https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfDsuYSv2S4RCQuwAO9MlykJwgPIy-l9ENTr7I_GxpfVuo2TA/viewform
* '''Deadline''': 31 July 2026

Your feedback is incredibly valuable to us. It will not only help us prepare our global impact report but also guide us in securing better resources and funding for organizers like you in the upcoming years. (You will also find a small section inside the form to provide your local language translations for the 2027 campaign banners!).

Thank you so much for being a pillar of this campaign. Together, we can make the 2027 edition even more successful!


Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:47, 19 July 2026 (GMT)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:ZI_Jony/MassMessage/WLR/List/2026/Organizers&amp;oldid=30750499 --&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Enzo Fernández</title>
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'''Enzo Jeremías Fernández''' (born 17 January 2001), dem often refer to am as '''Enzo''', be an Argentine professional footballer wey dey play as a midfielder for Premier League club Chelsea den de [[Argentina]] national team. Primarily a central midfielder, he sanso be capable of playing as a defensive anaa attacking midfielder. Known as receiving a red card in FIFA World Cup finals leading to the loss of Argentina.

== Ein life matter ==
Dem name Fernández after three-time Copa América winner den former River Plate player Enzo Francescoli, secof ein poppie Raúl ein fascination plus de Uruguayan. Insyd an interview, na he say dat ein favorite player be [[Lionel Messi]].&lt;ref&gt;Uria, Maximiliano (26 September 2020). [https://www.clarin.com/deportes/enzo-fernandez-juvenil-river-brilla-copa-libertadores-defensa-justicia_0_-B61_VQnB.html &quot;Enzo Fernández, el juvenil de River que brilla en la Copa Libertadores para Defensa y Justicia&quot;]. ''Clarín''. Retrieved 1 November 2020.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Honours ==
'''Defensa y Justicia'''
* Copa Sudamericana: 2020&lt;ref name=&quot;SW12&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Argentina – E. Fernández|work=Soccerway|url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/enzo-jeremias-fernandez/547472/|access-date=1 November 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Recopa Sudamericana: 2021&lt;ref name=&quot;SW12&quot; /&gt;

'''River Plate'''
* Argentine Primera División: 2021&lt;ref name=&quot;SW12&quot; /&gt;
* Trofeo de Campeones: 2021&lt;ref name=&quot;SW12&quot; /&gt;

'''Benfica'''
*Primeira Liga: 2022–23&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://portugoal.net/club-news/3242-benfica-crowned-champions-of-portugal|title=Benfica crowned champions of Portugal|publisher=PortuGOAL|last=Kundert|first=Tom|date=27 May 2023|access-date=27 May 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

'''Argentina'''
* FIFA World Cup: 2022&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Murray |first=Scott |date=18 December 2022 |title=Argentina beat France on penalties after thrilling World Cup final – live reaction |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/live/2022/dec/18/argentina-france-world-cup-2022-final-live |access-date=18 December 2022 |work=The Guardian }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Copa América: 2024&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://copaamerica.com/en/news/argentina-champion-colombia-copa-america-lautaro-martinez|title=Argentina defeats Colombia to Become The Champion of CONMEBOL Copa América 2024™|website=Copa América|date=15 July 2024|access-date=15 July 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

'''Individual'''
* CONMEBOL Copa Sudamericana Squad of the Season: 2020&lt;ref name=&quot;SW12&quot; /&gt;
* FIFA World Cup Young Player Award: 2022&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=18 December 2022 |title=Mbappe pips Messi to Golden Boot |url=https://www.fifa.com/fifaplus/en/articles/kylian-mbappe-wins-golden-boot-top-goalscorers-fifa-world-cup-qatar-2022 |access-date=18 December 2022 |publisher=FIFA}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
== External links ==
{{Commons}}
* [https://www.chelseafc.com/en/teams/profile/enzo-fernandez Enzo Fernández] at the Chelsea F.C. website
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20250330123137/https://www.premierleague.com/players/63741/ Enzo Fernández] at Premier League
* [https://int.soccerway.com/players/-/547472/ Enzo Fernández] at Soccerway.com
* [https://www.worldfootball.net/player_summary/enzo-fernandez/ Enzo Fernández] at WorldFootball.net
* [https://www.soccerbase.com/players/player.sd?player_id=146709 Enzo Fernández] at Soccerbase.com
* [https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/88719.html Enzo Fernández] at National-Football-Teams.com
* [https://www.11v11.com/players/0-271020/ Enzo Fernández] at 11v11.com
* [https://www.bdfutbol.com/en/j/j44772.html Enzo Fernández] at BDFutbol
* [https://www.kicker.de/enzo-fernandez/spieler Enzo Fernández] at kicker (in German)
* [https://fbref.com/en/players/5ff4ab71/ Enzo Fernández] at FBref.com
* [https://global.espn.com/football/player/_/id/285450 Enzo Fernández] at ESPN FC
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20250330123137/https://www.premierleague.com/players/63741/ Enzo Fernández] at Premier League
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Fernandez, Enzo}}
[[Category:2001 births]]
[[Category:Human]]
[[Category:Copa Sudamericana–winning players]]
[[Category:Footballers wey komot San Martín, Buenos Aires]]
[[Category:Argentine men's footballers]]
[[Category:Men's association football midfielders]]
[[Category:Club Atlético River Plate footballers]]
[[Category:Defensa y Justicia footballers]]
[[Category:S.L. Benfica footballers]]
[[Category:Argentine Primera División players]]
[[Category:Primeira Liga players]]
[[Category:Argentina men's youth international footballers]]
[[Category:Argentina men's international footballers]]
[[Category:2022 FIFA World Cup players]]
[[Category:2024 Copa América players]]
[[Category:FIFA World Cup–winning players]]
[[Category:Copa América–winning players]]
[[Category:Premier League players]]
[[Category:Chelsea F.C. players]]
[[Category:Argentine expatriate men's footballers]]
[[Category:Argentine expatriate sportspeople insyd Portugal]]
[[Category:Argentine expatriate sportspeople insyd England]]
[[Category:Expatriate men's footballers insyd Portugal]]
[[Category:Expatriate men's footballers insyd England]]
[[Category:21st-century Argentine sportsmen]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>User talk:Sunkanmi12</title>
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      <comment>/* Gentle Reminder: Share your Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 experience with us! */ new section</comment>
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      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3868" sha1="7yttwtw6hkfe0r69jjuycbiayp24hcv" xml:space="preserve">== Share Your Feedback – Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025 ==

Dear Sunkanmi12

Thank you for being a part of '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025|Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025]]''' — whether as a contributor, jury member, or local organizer. Your efforts helped make this campaign a meaningful celebration of culture, heritage, and community on Wikimedia platforms.

To help us improve and grow this initiative in future years, we kindly ask you to complete a short '''feedback form'''. Your responses are valuable in shaping how we support contributors like you.

* '''Feedback Form:''' [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdXEtaqszxcwmTJa8pGT60E7GDtpbssNadR9vZFVFbLicGFBg/viewform Submit your feedback here]
* '''Deadline to submit:''' 31 May 2025

It will only take a few minutes to complete, and your input will directly impact how we plan, communicate, and collaborate in the future.

Thank you again for your support. We look forward to having you with us in future campaigns!


Warm regards,&lt;br/&gt;
''Wiki Loves Ramadan International Team'' 08:51, 19 May 2025 (GMT)
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== Thank you for joining Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026! ==

Dear Participant,

Thank you so much for participating in the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 campaign! Whether you were writing articles or uploading photos to Wikimedia Commons, your contributions have helped share beautiful traditions, Islamic history, and cultural heritage with the rest of the world. 

We want to make sure next year's campaign is even better, and we need your help to do it! We would love it if you could take 3–5 minutes to fill out our quick '''Participant Feedback Form'''. 

* '''Link to form''': https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScw_bPHsVzpby50jc2_syJD5-mS9scnRL5BLv9UXH2tK3Mr8w/viewform

Thank you again for sharing your knowledge and creativity with the Wikimedia movement. Keep an eye on your talk page and our social media for the final winner announcements soon!  Happy editing,


Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:13, 29 June 2026 (GMT)
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Warm Regards, [[m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] (Project Lead) for the Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 International Team. 20:51, 19 July 2026 (GMT)
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    <title>Aortic rupture</title>
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'''Aortic rupture''' be de breakage of all walls of de aorta, de largest artery insyd de body. Aortic rupture be a rare, extremely dangerous condition wey be considered a medical emergency.&lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot;&gt;{{Citation |last1=Jeanmonod |first1=Donald |title=Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Rupture |date=2024 |work=StatPearls |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459176/ |access-date=2024-10-25 |place=Treasure Island (FL) |publisher=StatPearls Publishing |pmid=29083705 |last2=Yelamanchili |first2=Varun S. |last3=Jeanmonod |first3=Rebecca}}&lt;/ref&gt; De most common cause be an abdominal aortic aneurysm wey rupture spontaneously. Aortic rupture be distinct from [[aortic dissection]], wich be a tear thru de inner wall of de aorta wey fi block de flow of blood thru de aorta to de [[heart]] anaa abdominal organs.

An aortic rupture fi be classified according to ein cause into one of de following main types:
* Traumatic aortic rupture
* Aortic rupture secondary to an aortic aneurysm&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.patient.co.uk/doctor/Ruptured-Aortic-Aneurysm.htm Ruptured Aortic Aneurysm] at [[Patient UK]]. Original Author: Laurence Knott. Current Version: Gurvinder Rull. Peer Reviewer: Hannah Gronow. Last Checked: 16/05/2012&lt;/ref&gt;

==Treatment==
Treatments dey range according to de severity of de condition from monitoring to emergency surgical repair.&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Thoracic aortic aneurysm - Diagnosis and treatment - Mayo Clinic |url=https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/thoracic-aortic-aneurysm/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20350193#:~:text=Stop%20the%20aneurysm%20from%20growing,Patient%20consult |access-date=2025-12-18 |website=www.mayoclinic.org |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Treatments dey include:

* Monitoring
* Medication
* Surgery
** Endovascular aortic repair (EVAR/TEVAR)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Endovascular Repair of an Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm |url=https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm/endovascular-repair-of-an-abdominal-aortic-aneurysm#:~:text=Endovascular%20repair%20is%20a%20minimally,an%20artery%20in%20your%20groin. |access-date=18 December 2025 |website=Johns Hopkins Medicine}}&lt;/ref&gt;
** Open-Surgical Repair&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Sidik |first=Abubakar I. |last2=Dontsov |first2=Vladislav V. |last3=Khavandeev |first3=Maxim L. |last4=Esion |first4=Grigorii A. |last5=Karpenko |first5=Ivan G. |last6=Sobolev |first6=Dmitriy |last7=Hossain |first7=Limon |last8=Ilyas Shafii |first8=Abdulmajid |last9=Derrar |first9=Ahlam |last10=Najneen |first10=Farjana |last11=Ak |first11=Gulten |last12=Ghosh |first12=Debraj |last13=Parera |first13=Oralee Bonifacio |date=2025-10-06 |title=Open vs. Endovascular Aortic Repair: Guidelines and Real-World Outcomes |url=https://doi.org/10.33678/cor.2025.065 |journal=Cor et Vasa |language=en |volume=67 |issue=4 |pages=493–504 |doi=10.33678/cor.2025.065|doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Emergent treatment
** Blood pressure control plus IV medications to drop blood pressure to de lowest safety level.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Isselbacher |first=Eric M. |last2=Preventza |first2=Ourania |last3=Hamilton Black |first3=James |last4=Augoustides |first4=John G. |last5=Beck |first5=Adam W. |last6=Bolen |first6=Michael A. |last7=Braverman |first7=Alan C. |last8=Bray |first8=Bruce E. |last9=Brown-Zimmerman |first9=Maya M. |last10=Chen |first10=Edward P. |last11=Collins |first11=Tyrone J. |last12=DeAnda |first12=Abe |last13=Fanola |first13=Christina L. |last14=Girardi |first14=Leonard N. |last15=Hicks |first15=Caitlin W. |date=2022-12-13 |title=2022 ACC/AHA Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Aortic Disease: A Report of the American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36322642 |journal=Circulation |volume=146 |issue=24 |pages=e334–e482 |doi=10.1161/CIR.0000000000001106 |issn=1524-4539 |pmc=9876736 |pmid=36322642}}&lt;/ref&gt;
** Emergency surgery: An emergency EVAR anaa open repair.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Thoracic aortic aneurysm - Diagnosis and treatment - Mayo Clinic |url=https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/thoracic-aortic-aneurysm/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20350193 |access-date=2025-12-18 |website=www.mayoclinic.org |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Gallery ==

&lt;gallery&gt;
Traumatische Aortenruptur nach Sturz 38M - CT - 001.jpg | Traumatische Aortenruptur
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Diseases of de aorta]]
[[Category:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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    <title>Achondroplasia</title>
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'''Achondroplasia''' be a genetic disorder wey ein primary feature be [[dwarfism]].&lt;ref name=&quot;GHR2012&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=May 2012 |title=Achondroplasia |url=https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/achondroplasia/ |access-date=12 December 2017 |website=Genetics Home Reference |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; E be de most common cause of dwarfism&lt;ref name=&quot;Lancet20072&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Horton |first1=William A |last2=Hall |first2=Judith G |last3=Hecht |first3=Jacqueline T |date=July 2007 |title=Achondroplasia |journal=The Lancet |volume=370 |issue=9582 |pages=162–172 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61090-3 |pmid=17630040 |s2cid=208788746}}&lt;/ref&gt; den dey affect about 1 insyd 27,500 people.&lt;ref name=&quot;GHR2012&quot; /&gt; Insyd those plus de condition, de arms den legs be short, while de torso be typically of normal length.&lt;ref name=&quot;GHR2012&quot; /&gt; Those wey be affected get an average adult height of {{convert|131|cm|ftin}} give males den {{convert|123|cm|ft|0}} give females.&lt;ref name=&quot;GHR2012&quot; /&gt; Oda features fi include an enlarged head plus prominent forehead (frontal bossing)&lt;ref name=&quot;GHR2012&quot; /&gt; den underdevelopment of de midface (midface hypoplasia).&lt;ref name=&quot;onlinelibrary.wiley.com&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=White |first1=Klane K. |last2=Bompadre |first2=Viviana |last3=Goldberg |first3=Michael J. |last4=Bober |first4=Michael B. |last5=Campbell |first5=Jeffrey W. |last6=Cho |first6=Tae-Joon |last7=Hoover-Fong |first7=Julie |last8=Mackenzie |first8=William |last9=Parnell |first9=Shawn E. |last10=Raggio |first10=Cathleen |last11=Rapoport |first11=David M. |last12=Spencer |first12=Samantha A. |last13=Savarirayan |first13=Ravi |date=2016-01-01 |title=Best practices in the evaluation and treatment of foramen magnum stenosis in achondroplasia during infancy |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ajmg.a.37394 |journal=American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A |language=en |volume=170 |issue=1 |pages=42–51 |doi=10.1002/ajmg.a.37394 |pmid=26394886 |s2cid=22430204 |issn=1552-4825|url-access=subscription }}&lt;/ref&gt; Complications fi include [[sleep apnea]] anaa recurrent ear infections.&lt;ref name=&quot;GHR2012&quot; /&gt; Achondroplasia dey include de extremely rare short-limb skeletal dysplasia plus severe combined immunodeficiency.

Achondroplasia be caused by a mutation insyd de fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (''FGFR3'') gene (dem locate insyd chromosome 4) wey dey result in ein protein being overactive.&lt;ref name=GHR2012/&gt; Achondroplasia dey result in impaired endochondral bone growth (bone growth within cartilage).&lt;ref name=&quot;Achondroplasia: A comprehensive cli&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|doi=10.1186/s13023-018-0972-6|title=Achondroplasia: A comprehensive clinical review|year=2019|last1=Pauli|first1=Richard M.|journal=Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases|volume=14|issue=1|article-number=1|pmid=30606190|pmc=6318916 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; De disorder get an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance, wey dey mean only one mutated copy of de gene be required for de condition to occur.&lt;ref name=NIH2016&gt;{{cite web|title=Achondroplasia|url=https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/8173/achondroplasia|website=Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) – an NCATS Program|access-date=12 December 2017|language=en|date=2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; About 80% of cases dey occur insyd kiddies of parents widout de disease, den dey result from a new (''de novo'', anaa sporadic) mutation, wich most commonly dey originate as a spontaneous change during spermatogenesis.&lt;ref name=&quot;Pau2012&quot; /&gt; De rest be inherited from a parent plus de condition.&lt;ref name=GHR2012/&gt; De risk of a new mutation dey increase plus de age of de poppie.&lt;ref name=&quot;Lancet20072&quot; /&gt; Insyd families plus two affected parents, kiddies wey inherit both affected genes (for wich der be a 25% chance) typically die before birth anaa insyd early infancy from breathing difficulties.&lt;ref name=GHR2012/&gt; De condition generally be diagnosed based on de clinical features buh fi be confirmed by genetic testing.&lt;ref name=Pau2012&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Pauli|first1=RM|last2=Adam|first2=MP|last3=Ardinger|first3=HH|last4=Pagon|first4=RA|last5=Wallace|first5=SE|last6=Bean|first6=LJH|last7=Mefford|first7=HC|last8=Stephens|first8=K|last9=Amemiya|first9=A|last10=Ledbetter|first10=N|title=Achondroplasia|journal=GeneReviews|date=2012|pmid=20301331}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mutations insyd FGFR3 sanso dey cause achondroplasia-related conditions wey dey include hypochondroplasia den SADDAN (severe achondroplasia plus developmental delay den acanthosis nigricans), a rare disorder of bone growth characterized by skeletal, brain, den skin abnormalities wey dey result in severe short-limb skeletal dysplasia plus severe combined immunodeficiency.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |last=Legare |first=Janet M. |title=Achondroplasia |date=1993 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1152/ |work=GeneReviews® |editor-last=Adam |editor-first=Margaret P. |access-date=2023-12-15 |place=Seattle (WA) |publisher=University of Washington, Seattle |pmid=20301331 |editor2-last=Feldman |editor2-first=Jerry |editor3-last=Mirzaa |editor3-first=Ghayda M. |editor4-last=Pagon |editor4-first=Roberta A.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;

== External links ==
[[Category:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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'''Achondroplasia''' be a genetic disorder wey ein primary feature be [[dwarfism]].&lt;ref name=&quot;GHR2012&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=May 2012 |title=Achondroplasia |url=https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/achondroplasia/ |access-date=12 December 2017 |website=Genetics Home Reference |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; E be de most common cause of dwarfism&lt;ref name=&quot;Lancet20072&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Horton |first1=William A |last2=Hall |first2=Judith G |last3=Hecht |first3=Jacqueline T |date=July 2007 |title=Achondroplasia |journal=The Lancet |volume=370 |issue=9582 |pages=162–172 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61090-3 |pmid=17630040 |s2cid=208788746}}&lt;/ref&gt; den dey affect about 1 insyd 27,500 people.&lt;ref name=&quot;GHR2012&quot; /&gt; Insyd those plus de condition, de arms den legs be short, while de torso be typically of normal length.&lt;ref name=&quot;GHR2012&quot; /&gt; Those wey be affected get an average adult height of {{convert|131|cm|ftin}} give males den {{convert|123|cm|ft|0}} give females.&lt;ref name=&quot;GHR2012&quot; /&gt; Oda features fi include an enlarged head plus prominent forehead (frontal bossing)&lt;ref name=&quot;GHR2012&quot; /&gt; den underdevelopment of de midface (midface hypoplasia).&lt;ref name=&quot;onlinelibrary.wiley.com&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=White |first1=Klane K. |last2=Bompadre |first2=Viviana |last3=Goldberg |first3=Michael J. |last4=Bober |first4=Michael B. |last5=Campbell |first5=Jeffrey W. |last6=Cho |first6=Tae-Joon |last7=Hoover-Fong |first7=Julie |last8=Mackenzie |first8=William |last9=Parnell |first9=Shawn E. |last10=Raggio |first10=Cathleen |last11=Rapoport |first11=David M. |last12=Spencer |first12=Samantha A. |last13=Savarirayan |first13=Ravi |date=2016-01-01 |title=Best practices in the evaluation and treatment of foramen magnum stenosis in achondroplasia during infancy |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ajmg.a.37394 |journal=American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A |language=en |volume=170 |issue=1 |pages=42–51 |doi=10.1002/ajmg.a.37394 |pmid=26394886 |s2cid=22430204 |issn=1552-4825|url-access=subscription }}&lt;/ref&gt; Complications fi include [[sleep apnea]] anaa recurrent ear infections.&lt;ref name=&quot;GHR2012&quot; /&gt; Achondroplasia dey include de extremely rare short-limb skeletal dysplasia plus severe combined immunodeficiency.

Achondroplasia be caused by a mutation insyd de fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (''FGFR3'') gene (dem locate insyd chromosome 4) wey dey result in ein protein being overactive.&lt;ref name=GHR2012/&gt; Achondroplasia dey result in impaired endochondral bone growth (bone growth within cartilage).&lt;ref name=&quot;Achondroplasia: A comprehensive cli&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|doi=10.1186/s13023-018-0972-6|title=Achondroplasia: A comprehensive clinical review|year=2019|last1=Pauli|first1=Richard M.|journal=Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases|volume=14|issue=1|article-number=1|pmid=30606190|pmc=6318916 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; De disorder get an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance, wey dey mean only one mutated copy of de gene be required for de condition to occur.&lt;ref name=NIH2016&gt;{{cite web|title=Achondroplasia|url=https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/8173/achondroplasia|website=Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) – an NCATS Program|access-date=12 December 2017|language=en|date=2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; About 80% of cases dey occur insyd kiddies of parents widout de disease, den dey result from a new (''de novo'', anaa sporadic) mutation, wich most commonly dey originate as a spontaneous change during spermatogenesis.&lt;ref name=&quot;Pau2012&quot; /&gt; De rest be inherited from a parent plus de condition.&lt;ref name=GHR2012/&gt; De risk of a new mutation dey increase plus de age of de poppie.&lt;ref name=&quot;Lancet20072&quot; /&gt; Insyd families plus two affected parents, kiddies wey inherit both affected genes (for wich der be a 25% chance) typically die before birth anaa insyd early infancy from breathing difficulties.&lt;ref name=GHR2012/&gt; De condition generally be diagnosed based on de clinical features buh fi be confirmed by genetic testing.&lt;ref name=Pau2012&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Pauli|first1=RM|last2=Adam|first2=MP|last3=Ardinger|first3=HH|last4=Pagon|first4=RA|last5=Wallace|first5=SE|last6=Bean|first6=LJH|last7=Mefford|first7=HC|last8=Stephens|first8=K|last9=Amemiya|first9=A|last10=Ledbetter|first10=N|title=Achondroplasia|journal=GeneReviews|date=2012|pmid=20301331}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mutations insyd FGFR3 sanso dey cause achondroplasia-related conditions wey dey include hypochondroplasia den SADDAN (severe achondroplasia plus developmental delay den acanthosis nigricans), a rare disorder of bone growth characterized by skeletal, brain, den skin abnormalities wey dey result in severe short-limb skeletal dysplasia plus severe combined immunodeficiency.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |last=Legare |first=Janet M. |title=Achondroplasia |date=1993 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1152/ |work=GeneReviews® |editor-last=Adam |editor-first=Margaret P. |access-date=2023-12-15 |place=Seattle (WA) |publisher=University of Washington, Seattle |pmid=20301331 |editor2-last=Feldman |editor2-first=Jerry |editor3-last=Mirzaa |editor3-first=Ghayda M. |editor4-last=Pagon |editor4-first=Roberta A.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Treatments dey include small molecule therapy plus a C-natriuretic peptide analog (vosoritide), dem approve to improve growth velocity insyd kiddies plus achondroplasia based on results insyd Phase 3 human trials, although ein long-term effects be unknown.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Savarirayan |first1=Ravi |last2=Tofts |first2=Louise |last3=Irving |first3=Melita |last4=Wilcox |first4=William |last5=Bacino |first5=Carlos A. |last6=Hoover-Fong |first6=Julie |last7=Font |first7=Rosendo Ullot |last8=Harmatz |first8=Paul |last9=Rutsch |first9=Frank |last10=Bober |first10=Michael B. |last11=Polgreen |first11=Lynda E. |last12=Ginebreda |first12=Ignacio |last13=Mohnike |first13=Klaus |last14=Charrow |first14=Joel |last15=Hoernschemeyer |first15=Daniel |date=5 September 2020 |title=Once-daily, subcutaneous vosoritide therapy in children with achondroplasia: a randomised, double-blind, phase 3, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial |journal=The Lancet |volume=396 |issue=10252 |pages=684–692 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31541-5 |pmid=32891212 |s2cid=221472752 |last16=Ozono |first16=Keiichi |last17=Alanay |first17=Yasemin |last18=Arundel |first18=Paul |last19=Kagami |first19=Shoji |last20=Yasui |first20=Natsuo |last21=White |first21=Klane K. |last22=Saal |first22=Howard M. |last23=Leiva-Gea |first23=Antonio |last24=Luna-González |first24=Felipe |last25=Mochizuki |first25=Hiroshi |last26=Basel |first26=Donald |last27=Porco |first27=Dania M. |last28=Jayaram |first28=Kala |last29=Fisheleva |first29=Elena |last30=Huntsman-Labed |first30=Alice |last31=Day |first31=Jonathan}}&lt;/ref&gt; Growth hormone therapy sanso fi be used.&lt;ref name=&quot;Pau2012&quot; /&gt; Efforts to treat anaa prevent complications such as [[obesity]], [[hydrocephalus]], obstructive sleep apnea, middle ear infections anaa [[spinal stenosis]] fi be required.&lt;ref name=&quot;Pau2012&quot; /&gt; Support groups exist give those plus de condition, such as Little People of America (LPA). Nonprofit physician organizations sanso dey exist to disseminate information about treatment den management options, wey dey include development of patient resources.
== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;

== External links ==
[[Category:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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'''Achondroplasia''' be a genetic disorder wey ein primary feature be [[dwarfism]].&lt;ref name=&quot;GHR2012&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=May 2012 |title=Achondroplasia |url=https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/achondroplasia/ |access-date=12 December 2017 |website=Genetics Home Reference |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; E be de most common cause of dwarfism&lt;ref name=&quot;Lancet20072&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Horton |first1=William A |last2=Hall |first2=Judith G |last3=Hecht |first3=Jacqueline T |date=July 2007 |title=Achondroplasia |journal=The Lancet |volume=370 |issue=9582 |pages=162–172 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61090-3 |pmid=17630040 |s2cid=208788746}}&lt;/ref&gt; den dey affect about 1 insyd 27,500 people.&lt;ref name=&quot;GHR2012&quot; /&gt; Insyd those plus de condition, de arms den legs be short, while de torso be typically of normal length.&lt;ref name=&quot;GHR2012&quot; /&gt; Those wey be affected get an average adult height of {{convert|131|cm|ftin}} give males den {{convert|123|cm|ft|0}} give females.&lt;ref name=&quot;GHR2012&quot; /&gt; Oda features fi include an enlarged head plus prominent forehead (frontal bossing)&lt;ref name=&quot;GHR2012&quot; /&gt; den underdevelopment of de midface (midface hypoplasia).&lt;ref name=&quot;onlinelibrary.wiley.com&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=White |first1=Klane K. |last2=Bompadre |first2=Viviana |last3=Goldberg |first3=Michael J. |last4=Bober |first4=Michael B. |last5=Campbell |first5=Jeffrey W. |last6=Cho |first6=Tae-Joon |last7=Hoover-Fong |first7=Julie |last8=Mackenzie |first8=William |last9=Parnell |first9=Shawn E. |last10=Raggio |first10=Cathleen |last11=Rapoport |first11=David M. |last12=Spencer |first12=Samantha A. |last13=Savarirayan |first13=Ravi |date=2016-01-01 |title=Best practices in the evaluation and treatment of foramen magnum stenosis in achondroplasia during infancy |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ajmg.a.37394 |journal=American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A |language=en |volume=170 |issue=1 |pages=42–51 |doi=10.1002/ajmg.a.37394 |pmid=26394886 |s2cid=22430204 |issn=1552-4825|url-access=subscription }}&lt;/ref&gt; Complications fi include [[sleep apnea]] anaa recurrent ear infections.&lt;ref name=&quot;GHR2012&quot; /&gt; Achondroplasia dey include de extremely rare short-limb skeletal dysplasia plus severe combined immunodeficiency.

Achondroplasia be caused by a mutation insyd de fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (''FGFR3'') gene (dem locate insyd chromosome 4) wey dey result in ein protein being overactive.&lt;ref name=GHR2012/&gt; Achondroplasia dey result in impaired endochondral bone growth (bone growth within cartilage).&lt;ref name=&quot;Achondroplasia: A comprehensive cli&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|doi=10.1186/s13023-018-0972-6|title=Achondroplasia: A comprehensive clinical review|year=2019|last1=Pauli|first1=Richard M.|journal=Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases|volume=14|issue=1|article-number=1|pmid=30606190|pmc=6318916 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; De disorder get an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance, wey dey mean only one mutated copy of de gene be required for de condition to occur.&lt;ref name=NIH2016&gt;{{cite web|title=Achondroplasia|url=https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/8173/achondroplasia|website=Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) – an NCATS Program|access-date=12 December 2017|language=en|date=2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; About 80% of cases dey occur insyd kiddies of parents widout de disease, den dey result from a new (''de novo'', anaa sporadic) mutation, wich most commonly dey originate as a spontaneous change during spermatogenesis.&lt;ref name=&quot;Pau2012&quot; /&gt; De rest be inherited from a parent plus de condition.&lt;ref name=GHR2012/&gt; De risk of a new mutation dey increase plus de age of de poppie.&lt;ref name=&quot;Lancet20072&quot; /&gt; Insyd families plus two affected parents, kiddies wey inherit both affected genes (for wich der be a 25% chance) typically die before birth anaa insyd early infancy from breathing difficulties.&lt;ref name=GHR2012/&gt; De condition generally be diagnosed based on de clinical features buh fi be confirmed by genetic testing.&lt;ref name=Pau2012&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Pauli|first1=RM|last2=Adam|first2=MP|last3=Ardinger|first3=HH|last4=Pagon|first4=RA|last5=Wallace|first5=SE|last6=Bean|first6=LJH|last7=Mefford|first7=HC|last8=Stephens|first8=K|last9=Amemiya|first9=A|last10=Ledbetter|first10=N|title=Achondroplasia|journal=GeneReviews|date=2012|pmid=20301331}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mutations insyd FGFR3 sanso dey cause achondroplasia-related conditions wey dey include hypochondroplasia den SADDAN (severe achondroplasia plus developmental delay den acanthosis nigricans), a rare disorder of bone growth characterized by skeletal, brain, den skin abnormalities wey dey result in severe short-limb skeletal dysplasia plus severe combined immunodeficiency.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |last=Legare |first=Janet M. |title=Achondroplasia |date=1993 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1152/ |work=GeneReviews® |editor-last=Adam |editor-first=Margaret P. |access-date=2023-12-15 |place=Seattle (WA) |publisher=University of Washington, Seattle |pmid=20301331 |editor2-last=Feldman |editor2-first=Jerry |editor3-last=Mirzaa |editor3-first=Ghayda M. |editor4-last=Pagon |editor4-first=Roberta A.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Treatments dey include small molecule therapy plus a C-natriuretic peptide analog (vosoritide), dem approve to improve growth velocity insyd kiddies plus achondroplasia based on results insyd Phase 3 human trials, although ein long-term effects be unknown.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Savarirayan |first1=Ravi |last2=Tofts |first2=Louise |last3=Irving |first3=Melita |last4=Wilcox |first4=William |last5=Bacino |first5=Carlos A. |last6=Hoover-Fong |first6=Julie |last7=Font |first7=Rosendo Ullot |last8=Harmatz |first8=Paul |last9=Rutsch |first9=Frank |last10=Bober |first10=Michael B. |last11=Polgreen |first11=Lynda E. |last12=Ginebreda |first12=Ignacio |last13=Mohnike |first13=Klaus |last14=Charrow |first14=Joel |last15=Hoernschemeyer |first15=Daniel |date=5 September 2020 |title=Once-daily, subcutaneous vosoritide therapy in children with achondroplasia: a randomised, double-blind, phase 3, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial |journal=The Lancet |volume=396 |issue=10252 |pages=684–692 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31541-5 |pmid=32891212 |s2cid=221472752 |last16=Ozono |first16=Keiichi |last17=Alanay |first17=Yasemin |last18=Arundel |first18=Paul |last19=Kagami |first19=Shoji |last20=Yasui |first20=Natsuo |last21=White |first21=Klane K. |last22=Saal |first22=Howard M. |last23=Leiva-Gea |first23=Antonio |last24=Luna-González |first24=Felipe |last25=Mochizuki |first25=Hiroshi |last26=Basel |first26=Donald |last27=Porco |first27=Dania M. |last28=Jayaram |first28=Kala |last29=Fisheleva |first29=Elena |last30=Huntsman-Labed |first30=Alice |last31=Day |first31=Jonathan}}&lt;/ref&gt; Growth hormone therapy sanso fi be used.&lt;ref name=&quot;Pau2012&quot; /&gt; Efforts to treat anaa prevent complications such as [[obesity]], [[hydrocephalus]], obstructive sleep apnea, middle ear infections anaa [[spinal stenosis]] fi be required.&lt;ref name=&quot;Pau2012&quot; /&gt; Support groups exist give those plus de condition, such as Little People of America (LPA). Nonprofit physician organizations sanso dey exist to disseminate information about treatment den management options, wey dey include development of patient resources.
== Famous people plus achondroplasia ==

* Ucok Baba - Indonesian actor, presenter, comedian den singer&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2026-02-28 |title=Ucok Baba Tak Terlihat Lagi Melawak, Kondisinya Bikin Kaget Banyak Orang |url=https://www.tribunnews.com/seleb/2018/04/20/ucok-baba-tak-terlihat-lagi-melawak-kondisinya-bikin-kaget-banyak-orang |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=Tribunnews.com |language=id-ID}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Josh Ryan Evans - American actor&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Small Wonder : People.com |url=https://people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20137795,00.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081101182100/https://people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20137795,00.html |archive-date=2008-11-01 |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=people.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* David Rappaport - English actor&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Ap |date=1990-05-04 |title=David Rappaport, Character Actor, 38, Seen on 'L.A. Law' |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1990/05/04/obituaries/david-rappaport-character-actor-38-seen-on-la-law.html |access-date=2026-02-28 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* Jason Acuña - American stunt performer&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Weaver |first=Caity |date=2022-01-24 |title=The Tao of Wee Man |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/24/magazine/wee-man-jackass.html |access-date=2026-02-28 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* Mimie Mathy - French actress, comedian, den singer&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Randall |first=Colin |date=7 March 2007 |title=Short sharp shock for followers of the femme fatal |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/france/1512330/Short-sharp-shock-for-followers-of-the-femme-fatale.html |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |access-date=28 February 2026 |website=Telegraph}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* Eric Cullen - Scottish actor&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=1996-08-17 |title=Double curse on tragic life . Actor Eric Cullen's illegitimacy and his size tormented him throughout his career |url=https://www.heraldscotland.com/news/12039729.double-curse-on-tragic-life-actor-eric-cullens-illegitimacy-and-his-size-tormented-him-throughout-his-career/ |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=The Herald |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Peter Dinklage - American actor&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2013-06-07 |title=25 Things You Didn't Know About Peter Dinklage |url=https://www.complex.com/pop-culture/a/helena-wang/25-things-you-didnt-know-about-peter-dinklage |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=Complex |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* Mike Edmonds -  English actor&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Under the Radar: The Mike Edmonds Story |url=https://filmfreeway.com/815790 |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=FilmFreeway |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* Ellie Simmonds - British Paralympic swimmer&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Brown |first=Oliver |date=15 September 2012 |title=Ellie Simmonds, golden girl of the Paralympics, says she will never forget the feeling and doesn't want it to end |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/olympics/paralympic-sport/9544447/Ellie-Simmonds-golden-girl-of-the-Paralympics-says-she-will-never-forget-the-feeling-and-doesnt-want-it-to-end.html |url-status=live |access-date=26 February 2026 |work=Telegraph}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* Kate Wilson - Australian Paralympic swimmer&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ryner |first=Sascha |date=2016-07-31 |title=Kate Wilson - Paralympics Australia |url=https://www.paralympic.org.au/athlete/kate-wilson/ |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=www.paralympic.org.au |language=en-AU}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* Rico Abreu - American racing driver&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=ABOUT |url=https://www.ricoabreu.com/about |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=Rico Abreu Racing |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* Kyron Duke - Welsh powerlifter den Paralympic track and field athlete&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2010-07-09 |title=Cwmbran's Duke keeps it in family |url=https://www.southwalesargus.co.uk/sport/8264337.cwmbrans-duke-keeps-it-in-family/ |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=South Wales Argus |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* Sarah Bowen - Australian Paralympic swimmer&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Sarah Bowen - Swimming {{!}} Paralympic Athlete Profile |url=https://www.paralympic.org/sarah-bowen |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=International Paralympic Committee |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* Claire Keefer - Bronze medalist insyd de 2016 Rio Paralympics&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Athlete Bio |url=http://ipc.infostradasports.com/asp/lib/TheASP.asp?pageid=8937&amp;sportid=513&amp;personid=1317679&amp;WinterGames=-1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191213093105/http://ipc.infostradasports.com/asp/lib/TheASP.asp?pageid=8937&amp;sportid=513&amp;personid=1317679&amp;WinterGames=-1 |archive-date=2019-12-13 |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=ipc.infostradasports.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* Brad Williams - American comedian den actor&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Home {{!}} Brad Williams |url=https://bradwilliamscomedy.com/ |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=bradwilliamscomedy.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* Alan Eggleston - Australian politician&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Buxton |first=Jeremy |date=2025-05-26 |title=ALAN EGGLESTON AM 1941-2025 |url=https://www.libmail.org.au/post/alan-eggleston-am-1941-2025 |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=LibMail |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Michael Ain - American orthopedic surgeon&lt;ref name=&quot;o476&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Chowdhury|first=Arushi Roy|date=2025-10-30|title=Dr. Michael Ain: The Johns Hopkins Surgeon Redefining Dwarfism Care|url=https://www.medboundtimes.com/biography/dr-michael-ain-orthopedic-surgeon-dwarfism-achondroplasia|access-date=2026-03-18|website=Medbound Times}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
== External links ==
[[Category:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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'''Achondroplasia''' be a genetic disorder wey ein primary feature be [[dwarfism]].&lt;ref name=&quot;GHR2012&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=May 2012 |title=Achondroplasia |url=https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/achondroplasia/ |access-date=12 December 2017 |website=Genetics Home Reference |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; E be de most common cause of dwarfism&lt;ref name=&quot;Lancet20072&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Horton |first1=William A |last2=Hall |first2=Judith G |last3=Hecht |first3=Jacqueline T |date=July 2007 |title=Achondroplasia |journal=The Lancet |volume=370 |issue=9582 |pages=162–172 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61090-3 |pmid=17630040 |s2cid=208788746}}&lt;/ref&gt; den dey affect about 1 insyd 27,500 people.&lt;ref name=&quot;GHR2012&quot; /&gt; Insyd those plus de condition, de arms den legs be short, while de torso be typically of normal length.&lt;ref name=&quot;GHR2012&quot; /&gt; Those wey be affected get an average adult height of {{convert|131|cm|ftin}} give males den {{convert|123|cm|ft|0}} give females.&lt;ref name=&quot;GHR2012&quot; /&gt; Oda features fi include an enlarged head plus prominent forehead (frontal bossing)&lt;ref name=&quot;GHR2012&quot; /&gt; den underdevelopment of de midface (midface hypoplasia).&lt;ref name=&quot;onlinelibrary.wiley.com&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=White |first1=Klane K. |last2=Bompadre |first2=Viviana |last3=Goldberg |first3=Michael J. |last4=Bober |first4=Michael B. |last5=Campbell |first5=Jeffrey W. |last6=Cho |first6=Tae-Joon |last7=Hoover-Fong |first7=Julie |last8=Mackenzie |first8=William |last9=Parnell |first9=Shawn E. |last10=Raggio |first10=Cathleen |last11=Rapoport |first11=David M. |last12=Spencer |first12=Samantha A. |last13=Savarirayan |first13=Ravi |date=2016-01-01 |title=Best practices in the evaluation and treatment of foramen magnum stenosis in achondroplasia during infancy |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ajmg.a.37394 |journal=American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A |language=en |volume=170 |issue=1 |pages=42–51 |doi=10.1002/ajmg.a.37394 |pmid=26394886 |s2cid=22430204 |issn=1552-4825|url-access=subscription }}&lt;/ref&gt; Complications fi include [[sleep apnea]] anaa recurrent ear infections.&lt;ref name=&quot;GHR2012&quot; /&gt; Achondroplasia dey include de extremely rare short-limb skeletal dysplasia plus severe combined immunodeficiency.

Achondroplasia be caused by a mutation insyd de fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (''FGFR3'') gene (dem locate insyd chromosome 4) wey dey result in ein protein being overactive.&lt;ref name=GHR2012/&gt; Achondroplasia dey result in impaired endochondral bone growth (bone growth within cartilage).&lt;ref name=&quot;Achondroplasia: A comprehensive cli&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|doi=10.1186/s13023-018-0972-6|title=Achondroplasia: A comprehensive clinical review|year=2019|last1=Pauli|first1=Richard M.|journal=Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases|volume=14|issue=1|article-number=1|pmid=30606190|pmc=6318916 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; De disorder get an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance, wey dey mean only one mutated copy of de gene be required for de condition to occur.&lt;ref name=NIH2016&gt;{{cite web|title=Achondroplasia|url=https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/8173/achondroplasia|website=Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) – an NCATS Program|access-date=12 December 2017|language=en|date=2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; About 80% of cases dey occur insyd kiddies of parents widout de disease, den dey result from a new (''de novo'', anaa sporadic) mutation, wich most commonly dey originate as a spontaneous change during spermatogenesis.&lt;ref name=&quot;Pau2012&quot; /&gt; De rest be inherited from a parent plus de condition.&lt;ref name=GHR2012/&gt; De risk of a new mutation dey increase plus de age of de poppie.&lt;ref name=&quot;Lancet20072&quot; /&gt; Insyd families plus two affected parents, kiddies wey inherit both affected genes (for wich der be a 25% chance) typically die before birth anaa insyd early infancy from breathing difficulties.&lt;ref name=GHR2012/&gt; De condition generally be diagnosed based on de clinical features buh fi be confirmed by genetic testing.&lt;ref name=Pau2012&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Pauli|first1=RM|last2=Adam|first2=MP|last3=Ardinger|first3=HH|last4=Pagon|first4=RA|last5=Wallace|first5=SE|last6=Bean|first6=LJH|last7=Mefford|first7=HC|last8=Stephens|first8=K|last9=Amemiya|first9=A|last10=Ledbetter|first10=N|title=Achondroplasia|journal=GeneReviews|date=2012|pmid=20301331}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mutations insyd FGFR3 sanso dey cause achondroplasia-related conditions wey dey include hypochondroplasia den SADDAN (severe achondroplasia plus developmental delay den acanthosis nigricans), a rare disorder of bone growth characterized by skeletal, brain, den skin abnormalities wey dey result in severe short-limb skeletal dysplasia plus severe combined immunodeficiency.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |last=Legare |first=Janet M. |title=Achondroplasia |date=1993 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1152/ |work=GeneReviews® |editor-last=Adam |editor-first=Margaret P. |access-date=2023-12-15 |place=Seattle (WA) |publisher=University of Washington, Seattle |pmid=20301331 |editor2-last=Feldman |editor2-first=Jerry |editor3-last=Mirzaa |editor3-first=Ghayda M. |editor4-last=Pagon |editor4-first=Roberta A.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Treatments dey include small molecule therapy plus a C-natriuretic peptide analog (vosoritide), dem approve to improve growth velocity insyd kiddies plus achondroplasia based on results insyd Phase 3 human trials, although ein long-term effects be unknown.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Savarirayan |first1=Ravi |last2=Tofts |first2=Louise |last3=Irving |first3=Melita |last4=Wilcox |first4=William |last5=Bacino |first5=Carlos A. |last6=Hoover-Fong |first6=Julie |last7=Font |first7=Rosendo Ullot |last8=Harmatz |first8=Paul |last9=Rutsch |first9=Frank |last10=Bober |first10=Michael B. |last11=Polgreen |first11=Lynda E. |last12=Ginebreda |first12=Ignacio |last13=Mohnike |first13=Klaus |last14=Charrow |first14=Joel |last15=Hoernschemeyer |first15=Daniel |date=5 September 2020 |title=Once-daily, subcutaneous vosoritide therapy in children with achondroplasia: a randomised, double-blind, phase 3, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial |journal=The Lancet |volume=396 |issue=10252 |pages=684–692 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31541-5 |pmid=32891212 |s2cid=221472752 |last16=Ozono |first16=Keiichi |last17=Alanay |first17=Yasemin |last18=Arundel |first18=Paul |last19=Kagami |first19=Shoji |last20=Yasui |first20=Natsuo |last21=White |first21=Klane K. |last22=Saal |first22=Howard M. |last23=Leiva-Gea |first23=Antonio |last24=Luna-González |first24=Felipe |last25=Mochizuki |first25=Hiroshi |last26=Basel |first26=Donald |last27=Porco |first27=Dania M. |last28=Jayaram |first28=Kala |last29=Fisheleva |first29=Elena |last30=Huntsman-Labed |first30=Alice |last31=Day |first31=Jonathan}}&lt;/ref&gt; Growth hormone therapy sanso fi be used.&lt;ref name=&quot;Pau2012&quot; /&gt; Efforts to treat anaa prevent complications such as [[obesity]], [[hydrocephalus]], obstructive sleep apnea, middle ear infections anaa [[spinal stenosis]] fi be required.&lt;ref name=&quot;Pau2012&quot; /&gt; Support groups exist give those plus de condition, such as Little People of America (LPA). Nonprofit physician organizations sanso dey exist to disseminate information about treatment den management options, wey dey include development of patient resources.
== Famous people plus achondroplasia ==

* Ucok Baba - Indonesian actor, presenter, comedian den singer&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2026-02-28 |title=Ucok Baba Tak Terlihat Lagi Melawak, Kondisinya Bikin Kaget Banyak Orang |url=https://www.tribunnews.com/seleb/2018/04/20/ucok-baba-tak-terlihat-lagi-melawak-kondisinya-bikin-kaget-banyak-orang |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=Tribunnews.com |language=id-ID}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Josh Ryan Evans - American actor&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Small Wonder : People.com |url=https://people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20137795,00.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081101182100/https://people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20137795,00.html |archive-date=2008-11-01 |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=people.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* David Rappaport - English actor&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Ap |date=1990-05-04 |title=David Rappaport, Character Actor, 38, Seen on 'L.A. Law' |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1990/05/04/obituaries/david-rappaport-character-actor-38-seen-on-la-law.html |access-date=2026-02-28 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* Jason Acuña - American stunt performer&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Weaver |first=Caity |date=2022-01-24 |title=The Tao of Wee Man |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/24/magazine/wee-man-jackass.html |access-date=2026-02-28 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* Mimie Mathy - French actress, comedian, den singer&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Randall |first=Colin |date=7 March 2007 |title=Short sharp shock for followers of the femme fatal |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/france/1512330/Short-sharp-shock-for-followers-of-the-femme-fatale.html |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |access-date=28 February 2026 |website=Telegraph}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* Eric Cullen - Scottish actor&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=1996-08-17 |title=Double curse on tragic life . Actor Eric Cullen's illegitimacy and his size tormented him throughout his career |url=https://www.heraldscotland.com/news/12039729.double-curse-on-tragic-life-actor-eric-cullens-illegitimacy-and-his-size-tormented-him-throughout-his-career/ |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=The Herald |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Peter Dinklage - American actor&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2013-06-07 |title=25 Things You Didn't Know About Peter Dinklage |url=https://www.complex.com/pop-culture/a/helena-wang/25-things-you-didnt-know-about-peter-dinklage |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=Complex |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* Mike Edmonds -  English actor&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Under the Radar: The Mike Edmonds Story |url=https://filmfreeway.com/815790 |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=FilmFreeway |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* Ellie Simmonds - British Paralympic swimmer&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Brown |first=Oliver |date=15 September 2012 |title=Ellie Simmonds, golden girl of the Paralympics, says she will never forget the feeling and doesn't want it to end |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/olympics/paralympic-sport/9544447/Ellie-Simmonds-golden-girl-of-the-Paralympics-says-she-will-never-forget-the-feeling-and-doesnt-want-it-to-end.html |url-status=live |access-date=26 February 2026 |work=Telegraph}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* Kate Wilson - Australian Paralympic swimmer&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ryner |first=Sascha |date=2016-07-31 |title=Kate Wilson - Paralympics Australia |url=https://www.paralympic.org.au/athlete/kate-wilson/ |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=www.paralympic.org.au |language=en-AU}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* Rico Abreu - American racing driver&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=ABOUT |url=https://www.ricoabreu.com/about |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=Rico Abreu Racing |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* Kyron Duke - Welsh powerlifter den Paralympic track and field athlete&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2010-07-09 |title=Cwmbran's Duke keeps it in family |url=https://www.southwalesargus.co.uk/sport/8264337.cwmbrans-duke-keeps-it-in-family/ |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=South Wales Argus |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* Sarah Bowen - Australian Paralympic swimmer&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Sarah Bowen - Swimming {{!}} Paralympic Athlete Profile |url=https://www.paralympic.org/sarah-bowen |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=International Paralympic Committee |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* Claire Keefer - Bronze medalist insyd de 2016 Rio Paralympics&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Athlete Bio |url=http://ipc.infostradasports.com/asp/lib/TheASP.asp?pageid=8937&amp;sportid=513&amp;personid=1317679&amp;WinterGames=-1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191213093105/http://ipc.infostradasports.com/asp/lib/TheASP.asp?pageid=8937&amp;sportid=513&amp;personid=1317679&amp;WinterGames=-1 |archive-date=2019-12-13 |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=ipc.infostradasports.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* Brad Williams - American comedian den actor&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Home {{!}} Brad Williams |url=https://bradwilliamscomedy.com/ |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=bradwilliamscomedy.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* Alan Eggleston - Australian politician&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Buxton |first=Jeremy |date=2025-05-26 |title=ALAN EGGLESTON AM 1941-2025 |url=https://www.libmail.org.au/post/alan-eggleston-am-1941-2025 |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=LibMail |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Michael Ain - American orthopedic surgeon&lt;ref name=&quot;o476&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Chowdhury|first=Arushi Roy|date=2025-10-30|title=Dr. Michael Ain: The Johns Hopkins Surgeon Redefining Dwarfism Care|url=https://www.medboundtimes.com/biography/dr-michael-ain-orthopedic-surgeon-dwarfism-achondroplasia|access-date=2026-03-18|website=Medbound Times}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
== External links ==
{{sister project links||d=Q340594|c=Category:Achondroplasia|n=no|q=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=Achondroplasia|species=no}}
* {{cite book|author =Pauli RM|chapter=Achondroplasia|chapter-url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1152/|id=NBK1152|pmid=20301331|veditors=Pagon RA, Bird TD, Dolan CR|title=GeneReviews|publisher=University of Washington, Seattle|location=Seattle WA|year=1998|display-editors=etal}}

[[Category:Cell surface receptor deficiencies]]
[[Category:Congenital disorders]]
[[Category:Connective tissue diseases]]
[[Category:Dwarfism]]
[[Category:Growth disorders]]
[[Category:Rare diseases]]
[[Category:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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'''Achondroplasia''' be a genetic disorder wey ein primary feature be [[dwarfism]].&lt;ref name=&quot;GHR2012&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=May 2012 |title=Achondroplasia |url=https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/achondroplasia/ |access-date=12 December 2017 |website=Genetics Home Reference |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; E be de most common cause of dwarfism&lt;ref name=&quot;Lancet20072&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Horton |first1=William A |last2=Hall |first2=Judith G |last3=Hecht |first3=Jacqueline T |date=July 2007 |title=Achondroplasia |journal=The Lancet |volume=370 |issue=9582 |pages=162–172 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61090-3 |pmid=17630040 |s2cid=208788746}}&lt;/ref&gt; den dey affect about 1 insyd 27,500 people.&lt;ref name=&quot;GHR2012&quot; /&gt; Insyd those plus de condition, de arms den legs be short, while de torso be typically of normal length.&lt;ref name=&quot;GHR2012&quot; /&gt; Those wey be affected get an average adult height of {{convert|131|cm|ftin}} give males den {{convert|123|cm|ft|0}} give females.&lt;ref name=&quot;GHR2012&quot; /&gt; Oda features fi include an enlarged head plus prominent forehead (frontal bossing)&lt;ref name=&quot;GHR2012&quot; /&gt; den underdevelopment of de midface (midface hypoplasia).&lt;ref name=&quot;onlinelibrary.wiley.com&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=White |first1=Klane K. |last2=Bompadre |first2=Viviana |last3=Goldberg |first3=Michael J. |last4=Bober |first4=Michael B. |last5=Campbell |first5=Jeffrey W. |last6=Cho |first6=Tae-Joon |last7=Hoover-Fong |first7=Julie |last8=Mackenzie |first8=William |last9=Parnell |first9=Shawn E. |last10=Raggio |first10=Cathleen |last11=Rapoport |first11=David M. |last12=Spencer |first12=Samantha A. |last13=Savarirayan |first13=Ravi |date=2016-01-01 |title=Best practices in the evaluation and treatment of foramen magnum stenosis in achondroplasia during infancy |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ajmg.a.37394 |journal=American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A |language=en |volume=170 |issue=1 |pages=42–51 |doi=10.1002/ajmg.a.37394 |pmid=26394886 |s2cid=22430204 |issn=1552-4825|url-access=subscription }}&lt;/ref&gt; Complications fi include [[sleep apnea]] anaa recurrent ear infections.&lt;ref name=&quot;GHR2012&quot; /&gt; Achondroplasia dey include de extremely rare short-limb skeletal dysplasia plus severe combined immunodeficiency.

Achondroplasia be caused by a mutation insyd de fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (''FGFR3'') gene (dem locate insyd chromosome 4) wey dey result in ein protein being overactive.&lt;ref name=GHR2012/&gt; Achondroplasia dey result in impaired endochondral bone growth (bone growth within cartilage).&lt;ref name=&quot;Achondroplasia: A comprehensive cli&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|doi=10.1186/s13023-018-0972-6|title=Achondroplasia: A comprehensive clinical review|year=2019|last1=Pauli|first1=Richard M.|journal=Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases|volume=14|issue=1|article-number=1|pmid=30606190|pmc=6318916 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; De disorder get an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance, wey dey mean only one mutated copy of de gene be required for de condition to occur.&lt;ref name=NIH2016&gt;{{cite web|title=Achondroplasia|url=https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/8173/achondroplasia|website=Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) – an NCATS Program|access-date=12 December 2017|language=en|date=2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; About 80% of cases dey occur insyd kiddies of parents widout de disease, den dey result from a new (''de novo'', anaa sporadic) mutation, wich most commonly dey originate as a spontaneous change during spermatogenesis.&lt;ref name=&quot;Pau2012&quot; /&gt; De rest be inherited from a parent plus de condition.&lt;ref name=GHR2012/&gt; De risk of a new mutation dey increase plus de age of de poppie.&lt;ref name=&quot;Lancet20072&quot; /&gt; Insyd families plus two affected parents, kiddies wey inherit both affected genes (for wich der be a 25% chance) typically die before birth anaa insyd early infancy from breathing difficulties.&lt;ref name=GHR2012/&gt; De condition generally be diagnosed based on de clinical features buh fi be confirmed by genetic testing.&lt;ref name=Pau2012&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Pauli|first1=RM|last2=Adam|first2=MP|last3=Ardinger|first3=HH|last4=Pagon|first4=RA|last5=Wallace|first5=SE|last6=Bean|first6=LJH|last7=Mefford|first7=HC|last8=Stephens|first8=K|last9=Amemiya|first9=A|last10=Ledbetter|first10=N|title=Achondroplasia|journal=GeneReviews|date=2012|pmid=20301331}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mutations insyd FGFR3 sanso dey cause achondroplasia-related conditions wey dey include hypochondroplasia den SADDAN (severe achondroplasia plus developmental delay den acanthosis nigricans), a rare disorder of bone growth characterized by skeletal, brain, den skin abnormalities wey dey result in severe short-limb skeletal dysplasia plus severe combined immunodeficiency.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |last=Legare |first=Janet M. |title=Achondroplasia |date=1993 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1152/ |work=GeneReviews® |editor-last=Adam |editor-first=Margaret P. |access-date=2023-12-15 |place=Seattle (WA) |publisher=University of Washington, Seattle |pmid=20301331 |editor2-last=Feldman |editor2-first=Jerry |editor3-last=Mirzaa |editor3-first=Ghayda M. |editor4-last=Pagon |editor4-first=Roberta A.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Treatments dey include small molecule therapy plus a C-natriuretic peptide analog (vosoritide), dem approve to improve growth velocity insyd kiddies plus achondroplasia based on results insyd Phase 3 human trials, although ein long-term effects be unknown.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Savarirayan |first1=Ravi |last2=Tofts |first2=Louise |last3=Irving |first3=Melita |last4=Wilcox |first4=William |last5=Bacino |first5=Carlos A. |last6=Hoover-Fong |first6=Julie |last7=Font |first7=Rosendo Ullot |last8=Harmatz |first8=Paul |last9=Rutsch |first9=Frank |last10=Bober |first10=Michael B. |last11=Polgreen |first11=Lynda E. |last12=Ginebreda |first12=Ignacio |last13=Mohnike |first13=Klaus |last14=Charrow |first14=Joel |last15=Hoernschemeyer |first15=Daniel |date=5 September 2020 |title=Once-daily, subcutaneous vosoritide therapy in children with achondroplasia: a randomised, double-blind, phase 3, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial |journal=The Lancet |volume=396 |issue=10252 |pages=684–692 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31541-5 |pmid=32891212 |s2cid=221472752 |last16=Ozono |first16=Keiichi |last17=Alanay |first17=Yasemin |last18=Arundel |first18=Paul |last19=Kagami |first19=Shoji |last20=Yasui |first20=Natsuo |last21=White |first21=Klane K. |last22=Saal |first22=Howard M. |last23=Leiva-Gea |first23=Antonio |last24=Luna-González |first24=Felipe |last25=Mochizuki |first25=Hiroshi |last26=Basel |first26=Donald |last27=Porco |first27=Dania M. |last28=Jayaram |first28=Kala |last29=Fisheleva |first29=Elena |last30=Huntsman-Labed |first30=Alice |last31=Day |first31=Jonathan}}&lt;/ref&gt; Growth hormone therapy sanso fi be used.&lt;ref name=&quot;Pau2012&quot; /&gt; Efforts to treat anaa prevent complications such as [[obesity]], [[hydrocephalus]], obstructive sleep apnea, middle ear infections anaa [[spinal stenosis]] fi be required.&lt;ref name=&quot;Pau2012&quot; /&gt; Support groups exist give those plus de condition, such as Little People of America (LPA). Nonprofit physician organizations sanso dey exist to disseminate information about treatment den management options, wey dey include development of patient resources.
== Famous people plus achondroplasia ==

* Ucok Baba - Indonesian actor, presenter, comedian den singer&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2026-02-28 |title=Ucok Baba Tak Terlihat Lagi Melawak, Kondisinya Bikin Kaget Banyak Orang |url=https://www.tribunnews.com/seleb/2018/04/20/ucok-baba-tak-terlihat-lagi-melawak-kondisinya-bikin-kaget-banyak-orang |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=Tribunnews.com |language=id-ID}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Josh Ryan Evans - American actor&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Small Wonder : People.com |url=https://people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20137795,00.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081101182100/https://people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20137795,00.html |archive-date=2008-11-01 |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=people.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* David Rappaport - English actor&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Ap |date=1990-05-04 |title=David Rappaport, Character Actor, 38, Seen on 'L.A. Law' |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1990/05/04/obituaries/david-rappaport-character-actor-38-seen-on-la-law.html |access-date=2026-02-28 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* Jason Acuña - American stunt performer&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Weaver |first=Caity |date=2022-01-24 |title=The Tao of Wee Man |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/24/magazine/wee-man-jackass.html |access-date=2026-02-28 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* Mimie Mathy - French actress, comedian, den singer&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Randall |first=Colin |date=7 March 2007 |title=Short sharp shock for followers of the femme fatal |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/france/1512330/Short-sharp-shock-for-followers-of-the-femme-fatale.html |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |access-date=28 February 2026 |website=Telegraph}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* Eric Cullen - Scottish actor&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=1996-08-17 |title=Double curse on tragic life . Actor Eric Cullen's illegitimacy and his size tormented him throughout his career |url=https://www.heraldscotland.com/news/12039729.double-curse-on-tragic-life-actor-eric-cullens-illegitimacy-and-his-size-tormented-him-throughout-his-career/ |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=The Herald |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Peter Dinklage - American actor&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2013-06-07 |title=25 Things You Didn't Know About Peter Dinklage |url=https://www.complex.com/pop-culture/a/helena-wang/25-things-you-didnt-know-about-peter-dinklage |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=Complex |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* Mike Edmonds -  English actor&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Under the Radar: The Mike Edmonds Story |url=https://filmfreeway.com/815790 |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=FilmFreeway |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* Ellie Simmonds - British Paralympic swimmer&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Brown |first=Oliver |date=15 September 2012 |title=Ellie Simmonds, golden girl of the Paralympics, says she will never forget the feeling and doesn't want it to end |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/olympics/paralympic-sport/9544447/Ellie-Simmonds-golden-girl-of-the-Paralympics-says-she-will-never-forget-the-feeling-and-doesnt-want-it-to-end.html |url-status=live |access-date=26 February 2026 |work=Telegraph}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* Kate Wilson - Australian Paralympic swimmer&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ryner |first=Sascha |date=2016-07-31 |title=Kate Wilson - Paralympics Australia |url=https://www.paralympic.org.au/athlete/kate-wilson/ |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=www.paralympic.org.au |language=en-AU}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* Rico Abreu - American racing driver&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=ABOUT |url=https://www.ricoabreu.com/about |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=Rico Abreu Racing |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* Kyron Duke - Welsh powerlifter den Paralympic track and field athlete&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2010-07-09 |title=Cwmbran's Duke keeps it in family |url=https://www.southwalesargus.co.uk/sport/8264337.cwmbrans-duke-keeps-it-in-family/ |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=South Wales Argus |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* Sarah Bowen - Australian Paralympic swimmer&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Sarah Bowen - Swimming {{!}} Paralympic Athlete Profile |url=https://www.paralympic.org/sarah-bowen |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=International Paralympic Committee |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* Claire Keefer - Bronze medalist insyd de 2016 Rio Paralympics&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Athlete Bio |url=http://ipc.infostradasports.com/asp/lib/TheASP.asp?pageid=8937&amp;sportid=513&amp;personid=1317679&amp;WinterGames=-1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191213093105/http://ipc.infostradasports.com/asp/lib/TheASP.asp?pageid=8937&amp;sportid=513&amp;personid=1317679&amp;WinterGames=-1 |archive-date=2019-12-13 |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=ipc.infostradasports.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* Brad Williams - American comedian den actor&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Home {{!}} Brad Williams |url=https://bradwilliamscomedy.com/ |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=bradwilliamscomedy.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* Alan Eggleston - Australian politician&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Buxton |first=Jeremy |date=2025-05-26 |title=ALAN EGGLESTON AM 1941-2025 |url=https://www.libmail.org.au/post/alan-eggleston-am-1941-2025 |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=LibMail |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Michael Ain - American orthopedic surgeon&lt;ref name=&quot;o476&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Chowdhury|first=Arushi Roy|date=2025-10-30|title=Dr. Michael Ain: The Johns Hopkins Surgeon Redefining Dwarfism Care|url=https://www.medboundtimes.com/biography/dr-michael-ain-orthopedic-surgeon-dwarfism-achondroplasia|access-date=2026-03-18|website=Medbound Times}}&lt;/ref&gt;


&lt;gallery&gt;
Achondroplasia 1.jpg | Achondroplasia
Chondrodystrophia Calcificans Congenita 4.jpg | Chondrodystrophia Calcificans Congenita
Three sisters with achondroplasia Wellcome L0061377.jpg | Three sisters with achondroplasia 
Female achondroplasic dwarf Wellcome L0062547.jpg | Female achondroplasic dwarf Wellcome 
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
== External links ==
{{sister project links||d=Q340594|c=Category:Achondroplasia|n=no|q=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=Achondroplasia|species=no}}
* {{cite book|author =Pauli RM|chapter=Achondroplasia|chapter-url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1152/|id=NBK1152|pmid=20301331|veditors=Pagon RA, Bird TD, Dolan CR|title=GeneReviews|publisher=University of Washington, Seattle|location=Seattle WA|year=1998|display-editors=etal}}

[[Category:Cell surface receptor deficiencies]]
[[Category:Congenital disorders]]
[[Category:Connective tissue diseases]]
[[Category:Dwarfism]]
[[Category:Growth disorders]]
[[Category:Rare diseases]]
[[Category:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <comment>Created by translating the page [[:mdwiki:Special:Redirect/revision/1457138|Subdural hematoma]] to:gpe #mdwikicx</comment>
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A '''subdural hematoma''' ('''SDH''') be a type of bleeding insyd wich a collection of blood—usually buh no always be associated plus a traumatic brain injury—gathers between de inner layer of de dura mater den de arachnoid mater of de meninges wey dey surround de brain. E usually dey result from rips in bridging veins wey cross de subdural space.
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A '''subdural hematoma''' ('''SDH''') be a type of bleeding insyd wich a collection of blood—usually buh no always be associated plus a traumatic brain injury—gathers between de inner layer of de dura mater den de arachnoid mater of de meninges wey dey surround de brain. E usually dey result from rips in bridging veins wey cross de subdural space.

Subdural hematomas fi cause an increase insyd de pressure insyd de skull, wich in turn fi cause compression of den damage to delicate brain tissue. Acute subdural hematomas be often life-threatening. Chronic subdural hematomas get a better [[prognosis]] if properly managed.
[[Category:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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A '''subdural hematoma''' ('''SDH''') be a type of bleeding insyd wich a collection of blood—usually buh no always be associated plus a traumatic brain injury—gathers between de inner layer of de dura mater den de arachnoid mater of de meninges wey dey surround de brain. E usually dey result from rips in bridging veins wey cross de subdural space.

Subdural hematomas fi cause an increase insyd de pressure insyd de skull, wich in turn fi cause compression of den damage to delicate brain tissue. Acute subdural hematomas be often life-threatening. Chronic subdural hematomas get a better [[prognosis]] if properly managed.

In contrast, epidural hematomas usually be caused by rips insyd arteries, wey dey result in a build-up of blood between de dura mater den de skull. De third type of brain hemorrhage, dem know as a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), wey cause bleeding into de subarachnoid space between de arachnoid mater den de pia mater. SAHs often be seen insyd trauma settings anaa after rupture of intracranial aneurysms.
[[Category:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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A '''subdural hematoma''' ('''SDH''') be a type of bleeding insyd wich a collection of blood—usually buh no always be associated plus a traumatic brain injury—gathers between de inner layer of de dura mater den de arachnoid mater of de meninges wey dey surround de brain. E usually dey result from rips in bridging veins wey cross de subdural space.

Subdural hematomas fi cause an increase insyd de pressure insyd de skull, wich in turn fi cause compression of den damage to delicate brain tissue. Acute subdural hematomas be often life-threatening. Chronic subdural hematomas get a better [[prognosis]] if properly managed.

In contrast, epidural hematomas usually be caused by rips insyd arteries, wey dey result in a build-up of blood between de dura mater den de skull. De third type of brain hemorrhage, dem know as a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), wey cause bleeding into de subarachnoid space between de arachnoid mater den de pia mater. SAHs often be seen insyd trauma settings anaa after rupture of intracranial aneurysms.

==Signs den symptoms==
De symptoms of a subdural hematoma get a slower onset dan those of epidural hematomas secof de lower-pressure veins involve bleed more slowly dan arteries. [[Signs and symptoms]] of acute hematomas fi appear insyd minutes, if no be immediately,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2012-06-28 |title=Subdural hematoma: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia |url=https://www.medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000713.htm |access-date=2012-07-27 |website=Nlm.nih.gov}}&lt;/ref&gt; buh sanso fi be delayed as much as two weeks.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |vauthors=Mezue WC, Ndubuisi CA, Chikani MC, Achebe DS, Ohaegbulam SC |date=July 2012 |title=Traumatic extradural hematoma in enugu, Nigeria |journal=Nigerian Journal of Surgery |volume=18 |issue=2 |pages=80–84 |doi=10.4103/1117-6806.103111 |pmc=3762009 |pmid=24027399 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Symptoms of chronic subdural hematomas usually be delayed more dan three weeks after injury.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |vauthors=Ko BS, Lee JK, Seo BR, Moon SJ, Kim JH, Kim SH |date=January 2008 |title=Clinical analysis of risk factors related to recurrent chronic subdural hematoma |journal=Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society |volume=43 |issue=1 |pages=11–15 |doi=10.3340/jkns.2008.43.1.11 |pmc=2588154 |pmid=19096538}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
[[Category:Translated from MDWiki]]

&lt;references /&gt;

== External links ==</text>
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A '''subdural hematoma''' ('''SDH''') be a type of bleeding insyd wich a collection of blood—usually buh no always be associated plus a traumatic brain injury—gathers between de inner layer of de dura mater den de arachnoid mater of de meninges wey dey surround de brain. E usually dey result from rips in bridging veins wey cross de subdural space.

Subdural hematomas fi cause an increase insyd de pressure insyd de skull, wich in turn fi cause compression of den damage to delicate brain tissue. Acute subdural hematomas be often life-threatening. Chronic subdural hematomas get a better [[prognosis]] if properly managed.

In contrast, epidural hematomas usually be caused by rips insyd arteries, wey dey result in a build-up of blood between de dura mater den de skull. De third type of brain hemorrhage, dem know as a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), wey cause bleeding into de subarachnoid space between de arachnoid mater den de pia mater. SAHs often be seen insyd trauma settings anaa after rupture of intracranial aneurysms.

==Signs den symptoms==
De symptoms of a subdural hematoma get a slower onset dan those of epidural hematomas secof de lower-pressure veins involve bleed more slowly dan arteries. [[Signs and symptoms]] of acute hematomas fi appear insyd minutes, if no be immediately,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2012-06-28 |title=Subdural hematoma: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia |url=https://www.medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000713.htm |access-date=2012-07-27 |website=Nlm.nih.gov}}&lt;/ref&gt; buh sanso fi be delayed as much as two weeks.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |vauthors=Mezue WC, Ndubuisi CA, Chikani MC, Achebe DS, Ohaegbulam SC |date=July 2012 |title=Traumatic extradural hematoma in enugu, Nigeria |journal=Nigerian Journal of Surgery |volume=18 |issue=2 |pages=80–84 |doi=10.4103/1117-6806.103111 |pmc=3762009 |pmid=24027399 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Symptoms of chronic subdural hematomas usually be delayed more dan three weeks after injury.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |vauthors=Ko BS, Lee JK, Seo BR, Moon SJ, Kim JH, Kim SH |date=January 2008 |title=Clinical analysis of risk factors related to recurrent chronic subdural hematoma |journal=Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society |volume=43 |issue=1 |pages=11–15 |doi=10.3340/jkns.2008.43.1.11 |pmc=2588154 |pmid=19096538}}&lt;/ref&gt;

If the bleeds are large enough to put pressure on the brain, signs of increased [[intracranial pressure]] or brain damage will be present.&lt;ref name=&quot;wagner&quot; /&gt; Other symptoms of subdural hematoma can include any combination of the following:&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Subdural Hematoma: Types, Symptoms Treatments, Prevention |url=https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21183-subdural-hematoma |access-date=2022-03-10 |website=Cleveland Clinic}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
* Loss of consciousness anaa fluctuating levels of consciousness
* Irritability
* Seizures
* Pain
* Numbness
* Headache (either constant anaa fluctuating)
* Dizziness
* Disorientation
* Amnesia
* Weakness anaa lethargy
* Nausea anaa [[vomiting]]
* Loss of appetite
* Personality changes
* Inability to speak anaa slurred speech
* [[Ataxia]], anaa difficulty walking
* Loss of muscle control
* Altered breathing patterns
* Hearing loss anaa ringing insyd de ears ([[tinnitus]])
* Blurred vision
* Deviated gaze, anaa abnormal movement of de eyes.&lt;ref name=&quot;wagner&quot; /&gt;
{{div col end}}
== References ==
[[Category:Translated from MDWiki]]

&lt;references /&gt;

== External links ==</text>
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A '''subdural hematoma''' ('''SDH''') be a type of bleeding insyd wich a collection of blood—usually buh no always be associated plus a traumatic brain injury—gathers between de inner layer of de dura mater den de arachnoid mater of de meninges wey dey surround de brain. E usually dey result from rips in bridging veins wey cross de subdural space.

Subdural hematomas fi cause an increase insyd de pressure insyd de skull, wich in turn fi cause compression of den damage to delicate brain tissue. Acute subdural hematomas be often life-threatening. Chronic subdural hematomas get a better [[prognosis]] if properly managed.

In contrast, epidural hematomas usually be caused by rips insyd arteries, wey dey result in a build-up of blood between de dura mater den de skull. De third type of brain hemorrhage, dem know as a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), wey cause bleeding into de subarachnoid space between de arachnoid mater den de pia mater. SAHs often be seen insyd trauma settings anaa after rupture of intracranial aneurysms.

==Signs den symptoms==
De symptoms of a subdural hematoma get a slower onset dan those of epidural hematomas secof de lower-pressure veins involve bleed more slowly dan arteries. [[Signs and symptoms]] of acute hematomas fi appear insyd minutes, if no be immediately,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2012-06-28 |title=Subdural hematoma: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia |url=https://www.medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000713.htm |access-date=2012-07-27 |website=Nlm.nih.gov}}&lt;/ref&gt; buh sanso fi be delayed as much as two weeks.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |vauthors=Mezue WC, Ndubuisi CA, Chikani MC, Achebe DS, Ohaegbulam SC |date=July 2012 |title=Traumatic extradural hematoma in enugu, Nigeria |journal=Nigerian Journal of Surgery |volume=18 |issue=2 |pages=80–84 |doi=10.4103/1117-6806.103111 |pmc=3762009 |pmid=24027399 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Symptoms of chronic subdural hematomas usually be delayed more dan three weeks after injury.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |vauthors=Ko BS, Lee JK, Seo BR, Moon SJ, Kim JH, Kim SH |date=January 2008 |title=Clinical analysis of risk factors related to recurrent chronic subdural hematoma |journal=Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society |volume=43 |issue=1 |pages=11–15 |doi=10.3340/jkns.2008.43.1.11 |pmc=2588154 |pmid=19096538}}&lt;/ref&gt;

If de bleeds be large enough to put pressure on de brain, signs of increased intracranial pressure anaa brain damage go be present.&lt;ref name=&quot;wagner2&quot;&gt;{{EMedicine|article|344482|Imaging in Subdural Hematoma}}&lt;/ref&gt; Oda symptoms of subdural hematoma fi include any combination of de following:&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Subdural Hematoma: Types, Symptoms Treatments, Prevention |url=https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21183-subdural-hematoma |access-date=2022-03-10 |website=Cleveland Clinic}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
* Loss of consciousness anaa fluctuating levels of consciousness
* Irritability
* Seizures
* Pain
* Numbness
* Headache (either constant anaa fluctuating)
* Dizziness
* Disorientation
* Amnesia
* Weakness anaa lethargy
* Nausea anaa [[vomiting]]
* Loss of appetite
* Personality changes
* Inability to speak anaa slurred speech
* [[Ataxia]], anaa difficulty walking
* Loss of muscle control
* Altered breathing patterns
* Hearing loss anaa ringing insyd de ears ([[tinnitus]])
* Blurred vision
* Deviated gaze, anaa abnormal movement of de eyes. 
{{div col end}}
== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;

== External links ==
{{commons}}
* {{EMedicine|article|1137207|Subdural Hematoma}}
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jiscvATspCA Imaging and Mechanism of Subdural Hematoma – MedPix]

[[Category:Intracranial hemorrhage]]
[[Category:Cerebrovascular diseases]]
[[Category:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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A '''subdural hematoma''' ('''SDH''') be a type of bleeding insyd wich a collection of blood—usually buh no always be associated plus a traumatic brain injury—gathers between de inner layer of de dura mater den de arachnoid mater of de meninges wey dey surround de brain. E usually dey result from rips in bridging veins wey cross de subdural space.

Subdural hematomas fi cause an increase insyd de pressure insyd de skull, wich in turn fi cause compression of den damage to delicate brain tissue. Acute subdural hematomas be often life-threatening. Chronic subdural hematomas get a better [[prognosis]] if properly managed.

In contrast, epidural hematomas usually be caused by rips insyd arteries, wey dey result in a build-up of blood between de dura mater den de skull. De third type of brain hemorrhage, dem know as a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), wey cause bleeding into de subarachnoid space between de arachnoid mater den de pia mater. SAHs often be seen insyd trauma settings anaa after rupture of intracranial aneurysms.

==Signs den symptoms==
De symptoms of a subdural hematoma get a slower onset dan those of epidural hematomas secof de lower-pressure veins involve bleed more slowly dan arteries. [[Signs and symptoms]] of acute hematomas fi appear insyd minutes, if no be immediately,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2012-06-28 |title=Subdural hematoma: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia |url=https://www.medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000713.htm |access-date=2012-07-27 |website=Nlm.nih.gov}}&lt;/ref&gt; buh sanso fi be delayed as much as two weeks.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |vauthors=Mezue WC, Ndubuisi CA, Chikani MC, Achebe DS, Ohaegbulam SC |date=July 2012 |title=Traumatic extradural hematoma in enugu, Nigeria |journal=Nigerian Journal of Surgery |volume=18 |issue=2 |pages=80–84 |doi=10.4103/1117-6806.103111 |pmc=3762009 |pmid=24027399 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Symptoms of chronic subdural hematomas usually be delayed more dan three weeks after injury.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |vauthors=Ko BS, Lee JK, Seo BR, Moon SJ, Kim JH, Kim SH |date=January 2008 |title=Clinical analysis of risk factors related to recurrent chronic subdural hematoma |journal=Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society |volume=43 |issue=1 |pages=11–15 |doi=10.3340/jkns.2008.43.1.11 |pmc=2588154 |pmid=19096538}}&lt;/ref&gt;

If de bleeds be large enough to put pressure on de brain, signs of increased intracranial pressure anaa brain damage go be present.&lt;ref name=&quot;wagner2&quot;&gt;{{EMedicine|article|344482|Imaging in Subdural Hematoma}}&lt;/ref&gt; Oda symptoms of subdural hematoma fi include any combination of de following:&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Subdural Hematoma: Types, Symptoms Treatments, Prevention |url=https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21183-subdural-hematoma |access-date=2022-03-10 |website=Cleveland Clinic}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
* Loss of consciousness anaa fluctuating levels of consciousness
* Irritability
* Seizures
* Pain
* Numbness
* Headache (either constant anaa fluctuating)
* Dizziness
* Disorientation
* Amnesia
* Weakness anaa lethargy
* Nausea anaa [[vomiting]]
* Loss of appetite
* Personality changes
* Inability to speak anaa slurred speech
* [[Ataxia]], anaa difficulty walking
* Loss of muscle control
* Altered breathing patterns
* Hearing loss anaa ringing insyd de ears ([[tinnitus]])
* Blurred vision
* Deviated gaze, anaa abnormal movement of de eyes. 
{{div col end}}

== Gallery ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
Spinal-subdural-haematoma-inverted-mercedes-benz-sign-1.jpg | Spinal-subdural-haematoma-inverted-mercedes-benz-sign
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;

== External links ==
{{commons}}
* {{EMedicine|article|1137207|Subdural Hematoma}}
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jiscvATspCA Imaging and Mechanism of Subdural Hematoma – MedPix]

[[Category:Intracranial hemorrhage]]
[[Category:Cerebrovascular diseases]]
[[Category:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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A '''subdural hematoma''' ('''SDH''') be a type of bleeding insyd wich a collection of blood—usually buh no always be associated plus a traumatic brain injury—gathers between de inner layer of de dura mater den de arachnoid mater of de meninges wey dey surround de brain. E usually dey result from rips in bridging veins wey cross de subdural space.

Subdural hematomas fi cause an increase insyd de pressure insyd de skull, wich in turn fi cause compression of den damage to delicate brain tissue. Acute subdural hematomas be often life-threatening. Chronic subdural hematomas get a better [[prognosis]] if properly managed.

In contrast, epidural hematomas usually be caused by rips insyd arteries, wey dey result in a build-up of blood between de dura mater den de skull. De third type of brain hemorrhage, dem know as a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), wey cause bleeding into de subarachnoid space between de arachnoid mater den de pia mater. SAHs often be seen insyd trauma settings anaa after rupture of intracranial aneurysms.

==Signs den symptoms==
De symptoms of a subdural hematoma get a slower onset dan those of epidural hematomas secof de lower-pressure veins involve bleed more slowly dan arteries. [[Signs and symptoms]] of acute hematomas fi appear insyd minutes, if no be immediately,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2012-06-28 |title=Subdural hematoma: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia |url=https://www.medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000713.htm |access-date=2012-07-27 |website=Nlm.nih.gov}}&lt;/ref&gt; buh sanso fi be delayed as much as two weeks.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |vauthors=Mezue WC, Ndubuisi CA, Chikani MC, Achebe DS, Ohaegbulam SC |date=July 2012 |title=Traumatic extradural hematoma in enugu, Nigeria |journal=Nigerian Journal of Surgery |volume=18 |issue=2 |pages=80–84 |doi=10.4103/1117-6806.103111 |pmc=3762009 |pmid=24027399 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Symptoms of chronic subdural hematomas usually be delayed more dan three weeks after injury.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |vauthors=Ko BS, Lee JK, Seo BR, Moon SJ, Kim JH, Kim SH |date=January 2008 |title=Clinical analysis of risk factors related to recurrent chronic subdural hematoma |journal=Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society |volume=43 |issue=1 |pages=11–15 |doi=10.3340/jkns.2008.43.1.11 |pmc=2588154 |pmid=19096538}}&lt;/ref&gt;

If de bleeds be large enough to put pressure on de brain, signs of increased intracranial pressure anaa brain damage go be present.&lt;ref name=&quot;wagner2&quot;&gt;{{EMedicine|article|344482|Imaging in Subdural Hematoma}}&lt;/ref&gt; Oda symptoms of subdural hematoma fi include any combination of de following:&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Subdural Hematoma: Types, Symptoms Treatments, Prevention |url=https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21183-subdural-hematoma |access-date=2022-03-10 |website=Cleveland Clinic}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
* Loss of consciousness anaa fluctuating levels of consciousness
* Irritability
* Seizures
* Pain
* Numbness
* Headache (either constant anaa fluctuating)
* Dizziness
* Disorientation
* Amnesia
* Weakness anaa lethargy
* Nausea anaa [[vomiting]]
* Loss of appetite
* Personality changes
* Inability to speak anaa slurred speech
* [[Ataxia]], anaa difficulty walking
* Loss of muscle control
* Altered breathing patterns
* Hearing loss anaa ringing insyd de ears ([[tinnitus]])
* Blurred vision
* Deviated gaze, anaa abnormal movement of de eyes. 
{{div col end}}

== Gallery ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
Spinal-subdural-haematoma-inverted-mercedes-benz-sign-1.jpg | Spinal-subdural-haematoma-inverted-mercedes-benz-sign
Ct-scan of the brain with an subdural hematoma.jpg | Ct-scan of the brain with an subdural hematoma
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;

== External links ==
{{commons}}
* {{EMedicine|article|1137207|Subdural Hematoma}}
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jiscvATspCA Imaging and Mechanism of Subdural Hematoma – MedPix]

[[Category:Intracranial hemorrhage]]
[[Category:Cerebrovascular diseases]]
[[Category:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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