Talk:Main Page

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      <text bytes="34853" sha1="5zna89fdmt5b9uy8isw5ou0c2aq9h3t" xml:space="preserve">== Request for Admin ==
Hello everybro, as ebe me wey I start de Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia, I dey seek de support of fellow editors so say I go be de Administrator give dis project. To promote Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia, I for be de admin so say I go fi perform oda tasks wey dey hia such as make we komot invalid articles, support fresh editors, komot vandalism den develop existing editors. Thanks waa

* Hello everyone, as I started the Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia, I am seeking the support of fellow editors so that I can be the Administrator of this project. To promote Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia, I have to be an admin so that I can perform important tasks such as removing of invalid articles, support new editors, remove vandalism and also developing existing editors. Thanks very much
''You go fi support me for here ''

'''Thanks everybro''' - [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 17:47, 6 July 2023 (GMT)

:[[User:Ibn Dagara|Ibn Dagara]] ([[User talk:Ibn Dagara|talk]]) 22:15, 17 October 2023 (GMT)
I strongly support [[User:Xibitgh|Xibitgh]] ([[User talk:Xibitgh|talk]])

==Support==
#[[User:NanaYawBotar|NanaYawBotar]] ([[User talk:NanaYawBotar|talk]]) 18:00, 6 July 2023 (GMT)
# [[User:Jwale2|Jwale2]] ([[User talk:Jwale2|talk]]) 18:54, 6 July 2023 (GMT)
# [[User:Gyanford|Gyanford]] ([[User talk:Gyanford|talk]]) 19:27, 6 July 2023 (GMT)
#[[User:Cornelius Agordome|Cornelius Agordome]] ([[User talk:Cornelius Agordome|talk]]) 11:05, 10 July 2023 (GMT)
#[[User:Amuzujoe|Amuzujoe]] ([[User talk:Amuzujoe|talk]]) 21:39, 10 July 2023 (GMT)
# [[User:Yaw tuba|Yaw tuba]] ([[User talk:Yaw tuba|talk]]) 18:27, 19 July 2023 (GMT)
# [[User:Azorbli|Azorbli]] ([[User talk:Azorbli|talk]])
# [[User:MartinezYA|MartinezYA]] ([[User talk:MartinezYA|talk]]) 05:51, 18 October 2023 (GMT)
#[[User:Xibitgh|Xibitgh]] ([[User talk:Xibitgh|talk]])
#I strongly support this request. [[User:KISUMAR123|KISUMAR123]] ([[User talk:KISUMAR123|talk]])

== Support ==

support [[Special:Contributions/197.210.76.72|197.210.76.72]] 13:56, 14 August 2023 (GMT)

== Support ==

support [[User:Umargana1|Umargana1]] ([[User talk:Umargana1|talk]]) 13:58, 14 August 2023 (GMT)

== Update links from Incubator to local ==

Some links on the FA blurb are still external to the incubator project. (Also, if we could get some more templates and modules imported from enwiki, like [[:en:Template:Documentation]], that would be great. Maybe we can raise it on Meta so someone with more experience can import/recreate them with dependencies?). [[User:MSG17|MSG17]] ([[User talk:MSG17|talk]]) 19:32, 23 August 2023 (GMT)

:Also, the page is using a Portuguese map, instead of the English file: [[:File:Ghana Regions map.png]] [[User:MSG17|MSG17]] ([[User talk:MSG17|talk]]) 19:35, 23 August 2023 (GMT)
::Thanks for the observation [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 14:43, 2 September 2023 (GMT)

== Request to continue Adminship ==
Hello everybro, I dey seek de support of fellow editors so say I go continue be de Administrator give dis project. To promote Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia, I for continue de adminship so say I go fi perform oda tasks wey dey hia such as make we komot invalid articles, support fresh editors, komot vandalism den develop existing editors. Thanks waa

* Hello everyone, I am seeking the support of fellow editors so that I can continue being the Administrator of this project. To promote Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia, I have to continue being an admin so that I can perform important tasks such as removing of invalid articles, supporting new editors, remove vandalism and also developing existing editors. Thanks very much
''You go fi support me for here ''
'''Thanks everybro''' - [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 16:41, 13 October 2023 (GMT)
===Support===
# [[User:Ibn Dagara|Ibn Dagara]] ([[User talk:Ibn Dagara|talk]]) 22:15, 17 October 2023 (GMT)
#[[User:Azorbli|Azorbli]] ([[User talk:Azorbli|talk]])
# [[User:MartinezYA|MartinezYA]] ([[User talk:MartinezYA|talk]]) 05:51, 18 October 2023 (GMT)
# [[User:Xibitgh|Xibitgh]] ([[User talk:Xibitgh|talk]])
#[[User:Jwale2|Jwale2]] ([[User talk:Jwale2|talk]]) 14:01, 19 October 2023 (GMT)
# [[User:Yaw tuba|Yaw tuba]] ([[User talk:Yaw tuba|talk]]) 06:23, 22 October 2023 (GMT)

== Ghana Month Edit-a-thon ==

Dear Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia Community,

We are excited to announce a month-long initiative aimed at enhancing gender representation on the Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia. This project, organized by the Ghanaian Pidgin Wikimedians Community, seeks to address the underrepresentation of notable female personalities on our platform.

Project Objectives:

1. To increase the visibility and representation of Ghanaian women on the Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia.

2. To create a more inclusive and diverse portrayal of Ghanaian history and culture.

3. To engage the community in actively contributing to articles related to notable female personalities.

Planned Activities:

1. Editing Workshops: Hands-on workshops to teach participants how to contribute and edit articles on the Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia. Guidance on creating and improving articles related to notable female personalities in Ghana.

2. Panel Discussions: Featuring gender activists, notable female personalities, and Wikimedians. Discussing the importance of gender representation and its impact on knowledge diversity.

3. Content Creation Competition: A friendly competition encouraging participants to create or improve Wikipedia articles. Incentives such as awards, certificates, or recognition for outstanding contributions.

4. Outreach Events: Awareness campaigns at media stations with urban reach using Ghanaian Pidgin. Emphasizing that Ghanaian Pidgin is a written language, encouraging public participation.

5. Closing Ceremony: An in-person event at the end of the month to celebrate achievements. Showcasing edited articles, sharing success stories, and expressing gratitude to participants.

Significance of the Project:
Gender representation is a crucial aspect of creating a comprehensive and diverse narrative. By actively participating in this initiative, you contribute to breaking gender stereotypes and fostering a more inclusive portrayal of Ghanaian history and achievements. Your involvement is instrumental in making a positive impact on the Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia community.

How You Can Participate:

Join our WhatsApp group for regular updates and discussions.
Follow us on X (formerly Twitter) for real-time updates and engagement ([https://twitter.com/Ghpidginwiki @Ghpidginwiki]) .
Register for upcoming events using Wikimedia Event Registration tools.

Let's come together as a community to make a meaningful change. Your participation matters!

Thank you for your support and commitment.

Best regards,

[[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 16:54, 14 January 2024 (GMT)

== Enabling Section Translation: a new mobile translation experience ==

{{int:Hello}} Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedians!

Apologies as this message is not in your language, {{int:Please-translate}}.

The [[mw:Wikimedia_Language_engineering|WMF Language team]] is pleased to let you know about our plans to enable the [[mw:Content_translation/Section_translation|Section translation]] tool in Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia. For this, our team would want you to read about the tool and test it so you can:

* Give us your feedback

* Ask us questions

* Tell us how to improve it.

Below is background information about Section translation, why we have chosen your community, and how to test it.

'''Background information'''

[[mw:Content_translation|Content Translation]] has been a successful tool for editors to create content in their language. More than one million articles have been created across all languages since the tool was released in 2015. The Wikimedia Foundation Language team has improved the translation experience further with the Section Translation. The WMF Language team enabled the early version of the tool in February 2021 in Bengali Wikipedia. Through their feedback, the tool was improved and ready for your community to test and provide feedback to make it better.

[https://design.wikimedia.org/strategy/section-translation.html Section Translation] extends the capabilities of Content Translation to support mobile devices. On mobile, the tool will:

* Guide you to translate one section at a time in order to expand existing articles or create new ones.

* Make it easy to transfer knowledge across languages anytime from your mobile device.

Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia seems an ideal candidate to enjoy this new tool since it has a Content Translation tool enabled by default.

We plan to enable the tool by 15th of February 2024, if there are no objections from your community. After it is enabled, we’ll monitor the content created with the tool and process all the feedback. In any case, feel free to raise any concerns or questions you may already have in any of the following formats:

* As a reply to this message

* On [[mw:Talk:Content_translation/Section_translation|the project talk page]].

'''Try the tool'''

Before the enablement, you can try the current implementation of the tool in [https://test.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&amp;from=en&amp;to=gpe&amp;sx=true#/sx our testing instance]. Once it is enabled on Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia, you’ll have access to [[:trv:Special:ContentTranslation|https://gpe.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation]] with your mobile device. You can select an article to translate, and machine translation will be provided as a starting point for editors to improve.

'''Provide feedback'''

Please provide feedback about Section translation in any of the formats you are most comfortable with. We want to hear about your impressions on:

* The tool

* What you think about our plans to enable it

* Your ideas for improving the tool.

Thanks, and we look forward to your feedback.

[[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[User talk:UOzurumba (WMF)|talk]]) 05:26, 31 January 2024 (GMT) On behalf of the WMF Language team.

:Thanks for this message and we are grateful the Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia has been selected to try this new feature. [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 12:09, 1 February 2024 (GMT)

== Flower of the month ==

[[File:Chrysothemis_pulchella_̠11.jpg|thumb|&lt;center&gt;Chrysothemis pulchella&lt;/center&gt;]]
Dear all.

For your huge efforts on Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia I want to award you with the [[:als:Wikipedia:Blueme vum Monet|Flower of the month]].

Best regards, --[[User:Holder|Holder]] ([[User talk:Holder|talk]]) 06:00, 8 March 2024 (GMT)

:We appreciate you @[[User:Holder|Holder]] [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 14:55, 8 March 2024 (GMT)

== Request to continue Adminship ==

Hello everybro, I dey seek de support of fellow editors so say I go continue be de Administrator give dis project. To promote Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia, I for continue de adminship so say I go fi perform oda tasks wey dey hia such as make we komot invalid articles, support fresh editors, komot vandalism den develop existing editors. Thanks waa

* Hello everyone, I am seeking the support of fellow editors so that I can continue being the Administrator of this project. To promote Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia, I have to continue being an admin so that I can perform important tasks such as removing of invalid articles, supporting new editors, remove vandalism and also developing existing editors. Thanks very much

''You go fi support me for here ''
'''Thanks everybro''' - [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 11:05, 11 October 2024 (GMT)

:Carry on plus the good job, adey throw my support give you. [[Special:Contributions/154.161.146.186|154.161.146.186]] 01:43, 12 October 2024 (GMT)

==== Support ====
*[[User:Heatrave|Heatrave]] ([[User talk:Heatrave|talk]]) 11:26, 11 October 2024 (GMT)
*Bro dey for long on Wikipedia top n so he get more knowledge on it top, I dey support am strongly [[User:Ruky Wunpini|Ruky Wunpini]] ([[User talk:Ruky Wunpini|talk]]) 11:48, 11 October 2024 (GMT)
*yh we dey give you total support. [[User:Jwale2|Jwale2]] ([[User talk:Jwale2|talk]]) 13:15, 11 October 2024 (GMT)
*I Dey support DaSupremo. Eve hard working and he Dey do the job well.  [[Special:Contributions/154.160.6.233|154.160.6.233]] 14:46, 11 October 2024 (GMT)
*[[User:Zakaria Tunsung|Zakaria Tunsung]] ([[User talk:Zakaria Tunsung|talk]]) 00:55, 13 October 2024 (GMT)
*I dey support Supremo for dis role [[User:Gyanford|Gyanford]]
*Adey support DaSupremo for dis role sake of he be the co-founder wey he sana be experienced editor [[User:Yaw tuba|Yaw tuba]]

== Proposal to enable the &quot;Contribute&quot; entry point in Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia  ==

{{Int:Hello}} Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedians,

Apologies as this message is not in your language. {{Int:please-translate}}.

The [[mediawikiwiki:Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization|WMF Language and Product Localization]] team proposes enabling an entry point called &quot;Contribute&quot; to your Wikipedia.

The [[:bn:বিশেষ:Contribute|Contribute]] entry point is based on collaborative work with other product teams in the Wikimedia Foundation on [[mediawikiwiki:Edit_Discovery|Edit discovery]], which validated the entry point as a persistent and constant path that contributors took to discover ways to contribute content in Wikipedia.

Therefore, enabling this entry point in your Wikipedia will help contributors quickly discover available tools and immediately click to start using them. This entry point is designed to be a central point for discovering contribution tools in Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia.

'''Who can access it'''

Once it is enabled in your Wikipedia, newcomers can access the entry point automatically by just logging into their account, click on the User drop-down menu and choose the &quot;Contribute&quot; icon, which takes you to another menu where you will find a self-guided description of what you can do to contribute content, as shown in the image below. An option to &quot;view contributions&quot; is also available to access the list of your contributions.

[[File:Mobile_Contribute_Page.png|link=https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datei:Mobile_Contribute_Page.png|Mobile Contribute Page]]                             [[File:Mobile_contribute_menu_(detailed).png|link=https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datei:Mobile_contribute_menu_(detailed).png|Mobile contribute menu (detailed)]]

For experienced contributors, the Contribute icon is not automatically shown in their User drop-down menu. They will still see the &quot;Contributions&quot; option unless they change it to the &quot;Contribute&quot; manually.

This feature is available in four Wikipedia (Albanian, Malayalam, Mongolian, and Tagalog). We have gotten valuable feedback that helped us improve its discoverability. Now, it is ready to be enabled in other Wikis. One major improvement was to [[phab:T369041|make the entry point optional for experienced contributors]] who still want to have the &quot;Contributions&quot; entry point as default.          

We plan to enable it '''on mobile''' for Wikis, where the Section translation tool is enabled. In this way, we will provide a main entry point to the mobile translation dashboard, and the exposure can still be limited by targeting only the mobile platform for now. If there are no objections to having the entry point for mobile users from your community, we will enable it by 9th November 2024.

We welcome your feedback and questions in this thread on our proposal to enable it here. Suppose there are no objections, we will deploy the &quot;Contribute&quot; entry point in your Wikipedia.

We look forward to your response soon.

Thank you!

On behalf of the WMF Language and Product Localization team.  [[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[User talk:UOzurumba (WMF)|talk]]) 03:28, 23 October 2024 (GMT)

:Hello [[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]], thanks for reaching out and thanks for considering the Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia for this feature. I will share this info on our WhatsApp page for others' valuable contribution. [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 11:41, 23 October 2024 (GMT)
::Hello [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]],
::Thank you for responding to this message. We will go ahead and enable the feature since there are no objections to having it in your Wiki. [[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[User talk:UOzurumba (WMF)|talk]]) 22:59, 6 November 2024 (GMT)
:::Noted with thanks [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 23:11, 6 November 2024 (GMT)

== An improved dashboard for the Content Translation tool ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
{{Int:hello}} Wikipedians,

Apologies as this message is not in your language, {{Int:please-translate}}.

The [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization|Language and Product Localization team]] has improved the [https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&amp;filter-type=automatic&amp;filter-id=previous-edits&amp;active-list=suggestions&amp;from=en&amp;to=es Content Translation dashboard] to create a consistent experience for all contributors using mobile and desktop devices. The improved translation dashboard allows all logged-in users of the tool to enjoy a consistent experience regardless of their type of device.

With a harmonized experience, logged-in desktop users now have access to the capabilities shown in the image below.
[[file:Content_Translation_new-dashboard.png|alt=|center|thumb|576x576px|Notice that in this screenshot, the new dashboard allows: Users to adjust suggestions with the &quot;For you&quot; and &quot;...More&quot; buttons to select general topics or community-created collections (like the example of Climate topic).  Also, users can use translation to create new articles (as before) and expand existing articles section by section. You can see how suggestions are provided in the new dashboard  in two groups (&quot;Create new pages&quot; and &quot;Expand with new sections&quot;)-one for each activity.]]
[[File:Content_Translation_dashboard_on_desktop.png|alt=|center|thumb|577x577px|In the current dashboard, you will notice that you can't adjust suggestions to select topics or community-created collections. Also, you can't expand on existing articles by translating new sections.]]
We will implement [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation#Improved translation experience|this improvement]] on your wiki '''on Monday, March 17th, 2025''' and remove the current dashboard '''by May 2025'''.
Please reach out with any questions concerning the dashboard in this thread. 

Thank you!

On behalf of the Language and Product Localization team.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 02:55, 13 March 2025 (GMT)
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== Our Digi Rights Edit-a-thon ==

Hello everyone! Our Digi Rights Edit-a-thon be project wey dey seek make e amplify youth voices den dey enhance civic engagement insyd a secure digital space by make we create den improve content on Wikipedia den Wikidata. De focus regions dey include de Sahel region, neighbouring West Africa, den de Horn of Africa.

We go contribute to bridging content gaps on topics such as de African Union Convention on Cybersecurity and Personal Data Protection, e-democracy, digital mobilisation insyd social movements, SDG16, freedom of expression, den human rights. Additionally, de initiative go highlight de roles of governments, NGOs, den grassroots organisations wey dey address censorship, surveillance, den online disinformation insyd Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Chad, Ethiopia, Guinea, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Senegal, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, den Togo

You fi join dis campaign for dis link top: (https://w.wiki/EWvG). Thanks waa [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 08:51, 19 June 2025 (GMT)

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Migration to Parsoid&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Product and Technology/Parsoid Read Views/Read View Announcement|Read this in another language]]&lt;/em&gt;

Hello everyone! I am glad to inform you that as the next step in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification|Parser Unification]] project, Parsoid will soon be turned on as the default article renderer on your wiki. We are gradually increasing the number of wikis using Parsoid, with the intention of making it the default wikitext parser for MediaWiki's next long-term support release. This will make our wikis more reliable and consistent for editors, readers, and tools to use, as well as making the development of future wikitext features easier.

If this disrupts your workflow, don’t worry! You can still opt out through a user preference or turn Parsoid off on the current page using the Tools submenu, as described in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserMigration|Extension:ParserMigration]] documentation.

There is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Confidence Framework|more information about our roll-out strategy]] available, including the testing done before we turn on Parsoid for a new wiki.

To report bugs and issues, please look at our [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Known Issues|known issues]] documentation and if you found a new bug please create a phab ticket and tag the [[phab:project/view/5846|Content Transform Team in Phabricator]].
&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[mw:User:ABreault (WMF)|Content Transform Team]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:35, 6 January 2026 (GMT)
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== Annual review of de Universal Code of Conduct den Enforcement Guidelines ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
I dey wrep to you make you know say dem now gbele de annual review period give de Universal Code of Conduct den Enforcement Guidelines. You fi make suggestions for changes thru 9 February 2026. Dis be de first step of chaw dem go take for de annual review. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2026|Read more information den find a conversation to join on de UCoC page for Meta top]].

De [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) be a global group dem dedicate to providing an equitable den consistent implementation of de UCoC. Na dem plan den implement dis annual review by de U4C. For more information den de responsibilities of de U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|you fi review de U4C Charter]].

Please share dis information plus oda members insyd your community werever else wey fi be appropriate.

-- In cooperation plus de U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

21:01, 19 January 2026 (GMT)
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== Re-using references with different details – introducing Sub-referencing ==

[[File:Sub-referencing re-use + RefPreview.png|thumb|Sub-referencing: Example]]
Hi, I’m Johannes from WMDE’s [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes|Technical Wishes team]]. Sorry for writing in English, please support us by translating this message!

We’ve been working on a new feature to improve re-using references with different details: '''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|Sub-referencing]]'''. We’ve deployed the feature to German-language Wikipedia four months ago. After iterating on the initial feedback we’re ready to rollout sub-referencing to additional wikis. 

'''What to expect?'''

You will notice footnotes like [1.1] in Wikipedia articles, if citations are used with different details (e.g. different page numbers) using sub-references. We are implementing a [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing/History|long-held community wish]]: Many Wikipedia articles currently contain references that are almost identical but differ in details such as the page number. This leads to cluttered reference lists which make it harder for readers to quickly assess how many different sources have been used. And unlike with [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Status quo: Re-using references in wikitext and VisualEditor|identical reuses]], re-using references with different details [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Status quo: Re-using references with different details in wikitext|previously required duplicating the reference]], which led to longer wikitext and – [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Status quo: Re-using references with different details in VisualEditor|especially in VisualEditor]] – also to more time expenditure.

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|Sub-referencing]] solves these issue: We are adding a new [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#In wikitext|wikitext attribute]] &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;details=&quot;...&quot;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; – similar to the existing attribute &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ref name=&quot;...&quot;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;. [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#In VisualEditor|VisualEditor users]] can use the &quot;add details&quot; button to insert sub-references. You can find detailed instructions [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|on our project page]]. We also [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing/Learnings|published a report]] about our learnings on the first three months of sub-referencing on German Wikipedia which you might find interesting.

'''Deployment'''

We’ll likely deploy sub-referencing to this project on February 17. Please let me know if you have any questions. We look forward to your feedback on the new feature, either on [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|our discussion page]], my [[User talk:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|user talk page]], or as a reply to this post.

Best regards from the Technical Wishes team --[[User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|Johannes Richter (WMDE)]] ([[User talk:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|talk]]) 15:34, 3 February 2026 (GMT)

:Today we've deployed [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|sub-referencing]] to gpewiki. Please let us know if you notice any issues or if you have suggestions on how to improve the feature. We’re already [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing/Learnings#Further deployments and our next steps|working on some ideas]] like improving the reader’s view if there are lots of sub-references in the same article. You can find more information about the feature and how to re-use references with different details using sub-references in VisualEditor and Wikitext in the announcement above or on [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|our project page]].
::
:Some suggestions: We are using a [[Special:TrackingCategories|tracking category]] for pages using sub-referencing to quickly identify any issues with the new feature. You can change the category name via [[MediaWiki:Cite-tracking-category-ref-details]]. You might want to create the category page (currently [[:Category:Pages that use sub-references]]) using &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;__HIDDENCAT__&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; to hide it from the default reader’s view (see [[:d:Q129764848]]).
::
:You could also consider creating local versions of [[MediaWiki:Cite-ve-dialog-subreference-help-dialog-link]] and [[MediaWiki:Cite-ve-dialog-subreference-help-dialog-link-ve]] to point directly at [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|translated versions of our project page]] (if existing – or link to local help pages on sub-referencing if the community creates them). The default ''Special:MyLanguage'' links to our metawiki project page unfortunately won't work properly for logged-out editors and will always lead to the English version. Both links are used for VisualEditor users, the first one is displayed in a pop-up when using the &quot;add details&quot; button for the first time, the second link is permanent when using the VE dialogue to add details to a reference.
::
:If you’ve enabled the gadget [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reference Tooltips|Reference tooltips]] in your user preferences instead of using the default [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Reference Previews/sv|Reference Previews]], you [[:phab:T416304#11622766|won’t see the entire sub-reference information]]. We will soon provide guidance to communities on how to update the gadget.
::
:You can use our [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|sub-referencing talk page]] to provide feedback on the new feature – or just reply to this post. Thanks for piloting the feature! [[User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|Johannes Richter (WMDE)]] ([[User talk:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|talk]]) 16:23, 24 February 2026 (GMT)

== Request for comment (global AI policy) ==

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Apologies for writing in English. {{int:Please-translate}}
A [[:m:Requests for comment/Artificial intelligence policy|request for comment]] is currently being held to decide on a global AI policy. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}}
[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 00:57, 26 April 2026 (GMT)
&lt;/bdi&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Codename Noreste@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=30424282 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Vote now in the 2026 U4C election&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
Eligible voters are asked to participate in the 2026 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] election. More information–including an eligibility check, voting process information, candidate information, and a link to the vote–are available on Meta at the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|2026 Election information page]]. The vote closes on 2 June 2026 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1780358400 00:00 UTC].

Please vote if your account is eligible. Results will be available by 14 June 2026. -- In cooperation with the U4C,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 17:14, 27 May 2026 (GMT)
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== RFC about AI-generated content in Wikimedia Commons ==

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Apologies for writing in English, please help translate this message to your language. You are invited to participate in a [[c:Commons:Requests for comment/Policy update for AI content|request for comment on Wikimedia Commons about a policy update for AI content]]. This may affect files that are uploaded to Wikimedia Commons for use on this project. Thank you. [[m:User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]] ([[m:User talk:Codename Noreste|talk]])&lt;/bdi&gt; 17:11, 23 June 2026 (GMT)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Deployment of Legal and Safety Contacts Link in the Footer of Your Wiki&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;Message&quot;/&gt;
'''Legal &amp; Safety Contacts'''

Hello community, the Wikimedia Foundation has provided a [[wmf:Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Wikimedia Foundation Legal and Safety Contact Information|single legal and safety contact page]], to be linked in the footer of your wiki, to ensure access to accurate legal information. This is a regulatory requirement. We have already rolled out links to English, German, Italian, Spanish and other wikis and we will deploy to your wiki soon. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_and_Safety_Contacts_FAQ|Please read more on the project page]] and leave any comments in this thread or on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Legal and Safety Contacts FAQ|talk page]].

&lt;section end=&quot;Message&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:29, 25 June 2026 (GMT)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Sannita_(WMF)/Mass_sending_test&amp;oldid=30731267 --&gt;

== Request for comment (the future of Abstract Wikipedia) ==

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Apologies if this has not yet been translated into your wiki's language. {{int:Please-translate}}
You are invited to voice your opinions in a [[:m:Requests for comment/The future of Abstract Wikipedia|request for comment about the future of Abstract Wikipedia]]. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}
[[:m:User:Kowal2701|Kowal2701]] ([[:m:User talk:Kowal2701|talk]])  12:24, 24 July 2026 (GMT)
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== Request to continue Adminship ==
Hello everybro, I dey seek de support of fellow editors so say I go continue be de Administrator give dis project. To promote Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia, I for continue de adminship so say I go fi perform oda tasks wey dey hia such as make we komot invalid articles, support fresh editors, komot vandalism den develop existing editors. Thanks waa

* Hello everyone, I am seeking the support of fellow editors so that I can continue being the Administrator of this project. To promote Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia, I have to continue being an admin so that I can perform important tasks such as removing of invalid articles, supporting new editors, remove vandalism and also developing existing editors. Thanks very much

''You go fi support me for here ''[[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 09:10, 26 October 2026 (GMT) 

=== Support ===
#[[User:Ibn Dagara|Ibn Dagara]] ([[User talk:Ibn Dagara|talk]]) 09:26, 26 October 2026 (GMT)
#[[User:Tenaciuos Ntaawa|Tenaciuos Ntaawa]] ([[User talk:Tenaciuos 10 Ntaawa|talk]]) 14:42, 26 October 2026 (GMT)
#</text>
      <sha1>5zna89fdmt5b9uy8isw5ou0c2aq9h3t</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>115349</id>
      <parentid>115348</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-27T21:17:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>DaSupremo</username>
        <id>9</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>115349</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="34853" sha1="knirwhjyjzokepj4iokq4vpqo660n63" xml:space="preserve">== Request for Admin ==
Hello everybro, as ebe me wey I start de Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia, I dey seek de support of fellow editors so say I go be de Administrator give dis project. To promote Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia, I for be de admin so say I go fi perform oda tasks wey dey hia such as make we komot invalid articles, support fresh editors, komot vandalism den develop existing editors. Thanks waa

* Hello everyone, as I started the Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia, I am seeking the support of fellow editors so that I can be the Administrator of this project. To promote Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia, I have to be an admin so that I can perform important tasks such as removing of invalid articles, support new editors, remove vandalism and also developing existing editors. Thanks very much
''You go fi support me for here ''

'''Thanks everybro''' - [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 17:47, 6 July 2023 (GMT)

:[[User:Ibn Dagara|Ibn Dagara]] ([[User talk:Ibn Dagara|talk]]) 22:15, 17 October 2023 (GMT)
I strongly support [[User:Xibitgh|Xibitgh]] ([[User talk:Xibitgh|talk]])

==Support==
#[[User:NanaYawBotar|NanaYawBotar]] ([[User talk:NanaYawBotar|talk]]) 18:00, 6 July 2023 (GMT)
# [[User:Jwale2|Jwale2]] ([[User talk:Jwale2|talk]]) 18:54, 6 July 2023 (GMT)
# [[User:Gyanford|Gyanford]] ([[User talk:Gyanford|talk]]) 19:27, 6 July 2023 (GMT)
#[[User:Cornelius Agordome|Cornelius Agordome]] ([[User talk:Cornelius Agordome|talk]]) 11:05, 10 July 2023 (GMT)
#[[User:Amuzujoe|Amuzujoe]] ([[User talk:Amuzujoe|talk]]) 21:39, 10 July 2023 (GMT)
# [[User:Yaw tuba|Yaw tuba]] ([[User talk:Yaw tuba|talk]]) 18:27, 19 July 2023 (GMT)
# [[User:Azorbli|Azorbli]] ([[User talk:Azorbli|talk]])
# [[User:MartinezYA|MartinezYA]] ([[User talk:MartinezYA|talk]]) 05:51, 18 October 2023 (GMT)
#[[User:Xibitgh|Xibitgh]] ([[User talk:Xibitgh|talk]])

== Support ==

support [[Special:Contributions/197.210.76.72|197.210.76.72]] 13:56, 14 August 2023 (GMT)

== Support ==

support [[User:Umargana1|Umargana1]] ([[User talk:Umargana1|talk]]) 13:58, 14 August 2023 (GMT)

== Update links from Incubator to local ==

Some links on the FA blurb are still external to the incubator project. (Also, if we could get some more templates and modules imported from enwiki, like [[:en:Template:Documentation]], that would be great. Maybe we can raise it on Meta so someone with more experience can import/recreate them with dependencies?). [[User:MSG17|MSG17]] ([[User talk:MSG17|talk]]) 19:32, 23 August 2023 (GMT)

:Also, the page is using a Portuguese map, instead of the English file: [[:File:Ghana Regions map.png]] [[User:MSG17|MSG17]] ([[User talk:MSG17|talk]]) 19:35, 23 August 2023 (GMT)
::Thanks for the observation [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 14:43, 2 September 2023 (GMT)

== Request to continue Adminship ==
Hello everybro, I dey seek de support of fellow editors so say I go continue be de Administrator give dis project. To promote Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia, I for continue de adminship so say I go fi perform oda tasks wey dey hia such as make we komot invalid articles, support fresh editors, komot vandalism den develop existing editors. Thanks waa

* Hello everyone, I am seeking the support of fellow editors so that I can continue being the Administrator of this project. To promote Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia, I have to continue being an admin so that I can perform important tasks such as removing of invalid articles, supporting new editors, remove vandalism and also developing existing editors. Thanks very much
''You go fi support me for here ''
'''Thanks everybro''' - [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 16:41, 13 October 2023 (GMT)
===Support===
# [[User:Ibn Dagara|Ibn Dagara]] ([[User talk:Ibn Dagara|talk]]) 22:15, 17 October 2023 (GMT)
#[[User:Azorbli|Azorbli]] ([[User talk:Azorbli|talk]])
# [[User:MartinezYA|MartinezYA]] ([[User talk:MartinezYA|talk]]) 05:51, 18 October 2023 (GMT)
# [[User:Xibitgh|Xibitgh]] ([[User talk:Xibitgh|talk]])
#[[User:Jwale2|Jwale2]] ([[User talk:Jwale2|talk]]) 14:01, 19 October 2023 (GMT)
# [[User:Yaw tuba|Yaw tuba]] ([[User talk:Yaw tuba|talk]]) 06:23, 22 October 2023 (GMT)

== Ghana Month Edit-a-thon ==

Dear Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia Community,

We are excited to announce a month-long initiative aimed at enhancing gender representation on the Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia. This project, organized by the Ghanaian Pidgin Wikimedians Community, seeks to address the underrepresentation of notable female personalities on our platform.

Project Objectives:

1. To increase the visibility and representation of Ghanaian women on the Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia.

2. To create a more inclusive and diverse portrayal of Ghanaian history and culture.

3. To engage the community in actively contributing to articles related to notable female personalities.

Planned Activities:

1. Editing Workshops: Hands-on workshops to teach participants how to contribute and edit articles on the Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia. Guidance on creating and improving articles related to notable female personalities in Ghana.

2. Panel Discussions: Featuring gender activists, notable female personalities, and Wikimedians. Discussing the importance of gender representation and its impact on knowledge diversity.

3. Content Creation Competition: A friendly competition encouraging participants to create or improve Wikipedia articles. Incentives such as awards, certificates, or recognition for outstanding contributions.

4. Outreach Events: Awareness campaigns at media stations with urban reach using Ghanaian Pidgin. Emphasizing that Ghanaian Pidgin is a written language, encouraging public participation.

5. Closing Ceremony: An in-person event at the end of the month to celebrate achievements. Showcasing edited articles, sharing success stories, and expressing gratitude to participants.

Significance of the Project:
Gender representation is a crucial aspect of creating a comprehensive and diverse narrative. By actively participating in this initiative, you contribute to breaking gender stereotypes and fostering a more inclusive portrayal of Ghanaian history and achievements. Your involvement is instrumental in making a positive impact on the Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia community.

How You Can Participate:

Join our WhatsApp group for regular updates and discussions.
Follow us on X (formerly Twitter) for real-time updates and engagement ([https://twitter.com/Ghpidginwiki @Ghpidginwiki]) .
Register for upcoming events using Wikimedia Event Registration tools.

Let's come together as a community to make a meaningful change. Your participation matters!

Thank you for your support and commitment.

Best regards,

[[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 16:54, 14 January 2024 (GMT)

== Enabling Section Translation: a new mobile translation experience ==

{{int:Hello}} Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedians!

Apologies as this message is not in your language, {{int:Please-translate}}.

The [[mw:Wikimedia_Language_engineering|WMF Language team]] is pleased to let you know about our plans to enable the [[mw:Content_translation/Section_translation|Section translation]] tool in Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia. For this, our team would want you to read about the tool and test it so you can:

* Give us your feedback

* Ask us questions

* Tell us how to improve it.

Below is background information about Section translation, why we have chosen your community, and how to test it.

'''Background information'''

[[mw:Content_translation|Content Translation]] has been a successful tool for editors to create content in their language. More than one million articles have been created across all languages since the tool was released in 2015. The Wikimedia Foundation Language team has improved the translation experience further with the Section Translation. The WMF Language team enabled the early version of the tool in February 2021 in Bengali Wikipedia. Through their feedback, the tool was improved and ready for your community to test and provide feedback to make it better.

[https://design.wikimedia.org/strategy/section-translation.html Section Translation] extends the capabilities of Content Translation to support mobile devices. On mobile, the tool will:

* Guide you to translate one section at a time in order to expand existing articles or create new ones.

* Make it easy to transfer knowledge across languages anytime from your mobile device.

Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia seems an ideal candidate to enjoy this new tool since it has a Content Translation tool enabled by default.

We plan to enable the tool by 15th of February 2024, if there are no objections from your community. After it is enabled, we’ll monitor the content created with the tool and process all the feedback. In any case, feel free to raise any concerns or questions you may already have in any of the following formats:

* As a reply to this message

* On [[mw:Talk:Content_translation/Section_translation|the project talk page]].

'''Try the tool'''

Before the enablement, you can try the current implementation of the tool in [https://test.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&amp;from=en&amp;to=gpe&amp;sx=true#/sx our testing instance]. Once it is enabled on Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia, you’ll have access to [[:trv:Special:ContentTranslation|https://gpe.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation]] with your mobile device. You can select an article to translate, and machine translation will be provided as a starting point for editors to improve.

'''Provide feedback'''

Please provide feedback about Section translation in any of the formats you are most comfortable with. We want to hear about your impressions on:

* The tool

* What you think about our plans to enable it

* Your ideas for improving the tool.

Thanks, and we look forward to your feedback.

[[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[User talk:UOzurumba (WMF)|talk]]) 05:26, 31 January 2024 (GMT) On behalf of the WMF Language team.

:Thanks for this message and we are grateful the Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia has been selected to try this new feature. [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 12:09, 1 February 2024 (GMT)

== Flower of the month ==

[[File:Chrysothemis_pulchella_̠11.jpg|thumb|&lt;center&gt;Chrysothemis pulchella&lt;/center&gt;]]
Dear all.

For your huge efforts on Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia I want to award you with the [[:als:Wikipedia:Blueme vum Monet|Flower of the month]].

Best regards, --[[User:Holder|Holder]] ([[User talk:Holder|talk]]) 06:00, 8 March 2024 (GMT)

:We appreciate you @[[User:Holder|Holder]] [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 14:55, 8 March 2024 (GMT)

== Request to continue Adminship ==

Hello everybro, I dey seek de support of fellow editors so say I go continue be de Administrator give dis project. To promote Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia, I for continue de adminship so say I go fi perform oda tasks wey dey hia such as make we komot invalid articles, support fresh editors, komot vandalism den develop existing editors. Thanks waa

* Hello everyone, I am seeking the support of fellow editors so that I can continue being the Administrator of this project. To promote Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia, I have to continue being an admin so that I can perform important tasks such as removing of invalid articles, supporting new editors, remove vandalism and also developing existing editors. Thanks very much

''You go fi support me for here ''
'''Thanks everybro''' - [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 11:05, 11 October 2024 (GMT)

:Carry on plus the good job, adey throw my support give you. [[Special:Contributions/154.161.146.186|154.161.146.186]] 01:43, 12 October 2024 (GMT)

==== Support ====
*[[User:Heatrave|Heatrave]] ([[User talk:Heatrave|talk]]) 11:26, 11 October 2024 (GMT)
*Bro dey for long on Wikipedia top n so he get more knowledge on it top, I dey support am strongly [[User:Ruky Wunpini|Ruky Wunpini]] ([[User talk:Ruky Wunpini|talk]]) 11:48, 11 October 2024 (GMT)
*yh we dey give you total support. [[User:Jwale2|Jwale2]] ([[User talk:Jwale2|talk]]) 13:15, 11 October 2024 (GMT)
*I Dey support DaSupremo. Eve hard working and he Dey do the job well.  [[Special:Contributions/154.160.6.233|154.160.6.233]] 14:46, 11 October 2024 (GMT)
*[[User:Zakaria Tunsung|Zakaria Tunsung]] ([[User talk:Zakaria Tunsung|talk]]) 00:55, 13 October 2024 (GMT)
*I dey support Supremo for dis role [[User:Gyanford|Gyanford]]
*Adey support DaSupremo for dis role sake of he be the co-founder wey he sana be experienced editor [[User:Yaw tuba|Yaw tuba]]

== Proposal to enable the &quot;Contribute&quot; entry point in Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia  ==

{{Int:Hello}} Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedians,

Apologies as this message is not in your language. {{Int:please-translate}}.

The [[mediawikiwiki:Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization|WMF Language and Product Localization]] team proposes enabling an entry point called &quot;Contribute&quot; to your Wikipedia.

The [[:bn:বিশেষ:Contribute|Contribute]] entry point is based on collaborative work with other product teams in the Wikimedia Foundation on [[mediawikiwiki:Edit_Discovery|Edit discovery]], which validated the entry point as a persistent and constant path that contributors took to discover ways to contribute content in Wikipedia.

Therefore, enabling this entry point in your Wikipedia will help contributors quickly discover available tools and immediately click to start using them. This entry point is designed to be a central point for discovering contribution tools in Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia.

'''Who can access it'''

Once it is enabled in your Wikipedia, newcomers can access the entry point automatically by just logging into their account, click on the User drop-down menu and choose the &quot;Contribute&quot; icon, which takes you to another menu where you will find a self-guided description of what you can do to contribute content, as shown in the image below. An option to &quot;view contributions&quot; is also available to access the list of your contributions.

[[File:Mobile_Contribute_Page.png|link=https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datei:Mobile_Contribute_Page.png|Mobile Contribute Page]]                             [[File:Mobile_contribute_menu_(detailed).png|link=https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datei:Mobile_contribute_menu_(detailed).png|Mobile contribute menu (detailed)]]

For experienced contributors, the Contribute icon is not automatically shown in their User drop-down menu. They will still see the &quot;Contributions&quot; option unless they change it to the &quot;Contribute&quot; manually.

This feature is available in four Wikipedia (Albanian, Malayalam, Mongolian, and Tagalog). We have gotten valuable feedback that helped us improve its discoverability. Now, it is ready to be enabled in other Wikis. One major improvement was to [[phab:T369041|make the entry point optional for experienced contributors]] who still want to have the &quot;Contributions&quot; entry point as default.          

We plan to enable it '''on mobile''' for Wikis, where the Section translation tool is enabled. In this way, we will provide a main entry point to the mobile translation dashboard, and the exposure can still be limited by targeting only the mobile platform for now. If there are no objections to having the entry point for mobile users from your community, we will enable it by 9th November 2024.

We welcome your feedback and questions in this thread on our proposal to enable it here. Suppose there are no objections, we will deploy the &quot;Contribute&quot; entry point in your Wikipedia.

We look forward to your response soon.

Thank you!

On behalf of the WMF Language and Product Localization team.  [[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[User talk:UOzurumba (WMF)|talk]]) 03:28, 23 October 2024 (GMT)

:Hello [[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]], thanks for reaching out and thanks for considering the Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia for this feature. I will share this info on our WhatsApp page for others' valuable contribution. [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 11:41, 23 October 2024 (GMT)
::Hello [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]],
::Thank you for responding to this message. We will go ahead and enable the feature since there are no objections to having it in your Wiki. [[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[User talk:UOzurumba (WMF)|talk]]) 22:59, 6 November 2024 (GMT)
:::Noted with thanks [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 23:11, 6 November 2024 (GMT)

== An improved dashboard for the Content Translation tool ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
{{Int:hello}} Wikipedians,

Apologies as this message is not in your language, {{Int:please-translate}}.

The [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization|Language and Product Localization team]] has improved the [https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&amp;filter-type=automatic&amp;filter-id=previous-edits&amp;active-list=suggestions&amp;from=en&amp;to=es Content Translation dashboard] to create a consistent experience for all contributors using mobile and desktop devices. The improved translation dashboard allows all logged-in users of the tool to enjoy a consistent experience regardless of their type of device.

With a harmonized experience, logged-in desktop users now have access to the capabilities shown in the image below.
[[file:Content_Translation_new-dashboard.png|alt=|center|thumb|576x576px|Notice that in this screenshot, the new dashboard allows: Users to adjust suggestions with the &quot;For you&quot; and &quot;...More&quot; buttons to select general topics or community-created collections (like the example of Climate topic).  Also, users can use translation to create new articles (as before) and expand existing articles section by section. You can see how suggestions are provided in the new dashboard  in two groups (&quot;Create new pages&quot; and &quot;Expand with new sections&quot;)-one for each activity.]]
[[File:Content_Translation_dashboard_on_desktop.png|alt=|center|thumb|577x577px|In the current dashboard, you will notice that you can't adjust suggestions to select topics or community-created collections. Also, you can't expand on existing articles by translating new sections.]]
We will implement [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation#Improved translation experience|this improvement]] on your wiki '''on Monday, March 17th, 2025''' and remove the current dashboard '''by May 2025'''.
Please reach out with any questions concerning the dashboard in this thread. 

Thank you!

On behalf of the Language and Product Localization team.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 02:55, 13 March 2025 (GMT)
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== Our Digi Rights Edit-a-thon ==

Hello everyone! Our Digi Rights Edit-a-thon be project wey dey seek make e amplify youth voices den dey enhance civic engagement insyd a secure digital space by make we create den improve content on Wikipedia den Wikidata. De focus regions dey include de Sahel region, neighbouring West Africa, den de Horn of Africa.

We go contribute to bridging content gaps on topics such as de African Union Convention on Cybersecurity and Personal Data Protection, e-democracy, digital mobilisation insyd social movements, SDG16, freedom of expression, den human rights. Additionally, de initiative go highlight de roles of governments, NGOs, den grassroots organisations wey dey address censorship, surveillance, den online disinformation insyd Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Chad, Ethiopia, Guinea, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Senegal, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, den Togo

You fi join dis campaign for dis link top: (https://w.wiki/EWvG). Thanks waa [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 08:51, 19 June 2025 (GMT)

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Migration to Parsoid&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Product and Technology/Parsoid Read Views/Read View Announcement|Read this in another language]]&lt;/em&gt;

Hello everyone! I am glad to inform you that as the next step in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification|Parser Unification]] project, Parsoid will soon be turned on as the default article renderer on your wiki. We are gradually increasing the number of wikis using Parsoid, with the intention of making it the default wikitext parser for MediaWiki's next long-term support release. This will make our wikis more reliable and consistent for editors, readers, and tools to use, as well as making the development of future wikitext features easier.

If this disrupts your workflow, don’t worry! You can still opt out through a user preference or turn Parsoid off on the current page using the Tools submenu, as described in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserMigration|Extension:ParserMigration]] documentation.

There is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Confidence Framework|more information about our roll-out strategy]] available, including the testing done before we turn on Parsoid for a new wiki.

To report bugs and issues, please look at our [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Known Issues|known issues]] documentation and if you found a new bug please create a phab ticket and tag the [[phab:project/view/5846|Content Transform Team in Phabricator]].
&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[mw:User:ABreault (WMF)|Content Transform Team]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:35, 6 January 2026 (GMT)
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== Annual review of de Universal Code of Conduct den Enforcement Guidelines ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
I dey wrep to you make you know say dem now gbele de annual review period give de Universal Code of Conduct den Enforcement Guidelines. You fi make suggestions for changes thru 9 February 2026. Dis be de first step of chaw dem go take for de annual review. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2026|Read more information den find a conversation to join on de UCoC page for Meta top]].

De [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) be a global group dem dedicate to providing an equitable den consistent implementation of de UCoC. Na dem plan den implement dis annual review by de U4C. For more information den de responsibilities of de U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|you fi review de U4C Charter]].

Please share dis information plus oda members insyd your community werever else wey fi be appropriate.

-- In cooperation plus de U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

21:01, 19 January 2026 (GMT)
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== Re-using references with different details – introducing Sub-referencing ==

[[File:Sub-referencing re-use + RefPreview.png|thumb|Sub-referencing: Example]]
Hi, I’m Johannes from WMDE’s [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes|Technical Wishes team]]. Sorry for writing in English, please support us by translating this message!

We’ve been working on a new feature to improve re-using references with different details: '''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|Sub-referencing]]'''. We’ve deployed the feature to German-language Wikipedia four months ago. After iterating on the initial feedback we’re ready to rollout sub-referencing to additional wikis. 

'''What to expect?'''

You will notice footnotes like [1.1] in Wikipedia articles, if citations are used with different details (e.g. different page numbers) using sub-references. We are implementing a [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing/History|long-held community wish]]: Many Wikipedia articles currently contain references that are almost identical but differ in details such as the page number. This leads to cluttered reference lists which make it harder for readers to quickly assess how many different sources have been used. And unlike with [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Status quo: Re-using references in wikitext and VisualEditor|identical reuses]], re-using references with different details [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Status quo: Re-using references with different details in wikitext|previously required duplicating the reference]], which led to longer wikitext and – [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Status quo: Re-using references with different details in VisualEditor|especially in VisualEditor]] – also to more time expenditure.

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|Sub-referencing]] solves these issue: We are adding a new [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#In wikitext|wikitext attribute]] &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;details=&quot;...&quot;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; – similar to the existing attribute &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ref name=&quot;...&quot;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;. [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#In VisualEditor|VisualEditor users]] can use the &quot;add details&quot; button to insert sub-references. You can find detailed instructions [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|on our project page]]. We also [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing/Learnings|published a report]] about our learnings on the first three months of sub-referencing on German Wikipedia which you might find interesting.

'''Deployment'''

We’ll likely deploy sub-referencing to this project on February 17. Please let me know if you have any questions. We look forward to your feedback on the new feature, either on [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|our discussion page]], my [[User talk:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|user talk page]], or as a reply to this post.

Best regards from the Technical Wishes team --[[User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|Johannes Richter (WMDE)]] ([[User talk:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|talk]]) 15:34, 3 February 2026 (GMT)

:Today we've deployed [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|sub-referencing]] to gpewiki. Please let us know if you notice any issues or if you have suggestions on how to improve the feature. We’re already [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing/Learnings#Further deployments and our next steps|working on some ideas]] like improving the reader’s view if there are lots of sub-references in the same article. You can find more information about the feature and how to re-use references with different details using sub-references in VisualEditor and Wikitext in the announcement above or on [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|our project page]].
::
:Some suggestions: We are using a [[Special:TrackingCategories|tracking category]] for pages using sub-referencing to quickly identify any issues with the new feature. You can change the category name via [[MediaWiki:Cite-tracking-category-ref-details]]. You might want to create the category page (currently [[:Category:Pages that use sub-references]]) using &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;__HIDDENCAT__&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; to hide it from the default reader’s view (see [[:d:Q129764848]]).
::
:You could also consider creating local versions of [[MediaWiki:Cite-ve-dialog-subreference-help-dialog-link]] and [[MediaWiki:Cite-ve-dialog-subreference-help-dialog-link-ve]] to point directly at [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|translated versions of our project page]] (if existing – or link to local help pages on sub-referencing if the community creates them). The default ''Special:MyLanguage'' links to our metawiki project page unfortunately won't work properly for logged-out editors and will always lead to the English version. Both links are used for VisualEditor users, the first one is displayed in a pop-up when using the &quot;add details&quot; button for the first time, the second link is permanent when using the VE dialogue to add details to a reference.
::
:If you’ve enabled the gadget [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reference Tooltips|Reference tooltips]] in your user preferences instead of using the default [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Reference Previews/sv|Reference Previews]], you [[:phab:T416304#11622766|won’t see the entire sub-reference information]]. We will soon provide guidance to communities on how to update the gadget.
::
:You can use our [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|sub-referencing talk page]] to provide feedback on the new feature – or just reply to this post. Thanks for piloting the feature! [[User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|Johannes Richter (WMDE)]] ([[User talk:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|talk]]) 16:23, 24 February 2026 (GMT)

== Request for comment (global AI policy) ==

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Apologies for writing in English. {{int:Please-translate}}
A [[:m:Requests for comment/Artificial intelligence policy|request for comment]] is currently being held to decide on a global AI policy. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}}
[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 00:57, 26 April 2026 (GMT)
&lt;/bdi&gt;
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Vote now in the 2026 U4C election&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
Eligible voters are asked to participate in the 2026 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] election. More information–including an eligibility check, voting process information, candidate information, and a link to the vote–are available on Meta at the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|2026 Election information page]]. The vote closes on 2 June 2026 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1780358400 00:00 UTC].

Please vote if your account is eligible. Results will be available by 14 June 2026. -- In cooperation with the U4C,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 17:14, 27 May 2026 (GMT)
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== RFC about AI-generated content in Wikimedia Commons ==

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Apologies for writing in English, please help translate this message to your language. You are invited to participate in a [[c:Commons:Requests for comment/Policy update for AI content|request for comment on Wikimedia Commons about a policy update for AI content]]. This may affect files that are uploaded to Wikimedia Commons for use on this project. Thank you. [[m:User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]] ([[m:User talk:Codename Noreste|talk]])&lt;/bdi&gt; 17:11, 23 June 2026 (GMT)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Deployment of Legal and Safety Contacts Link in the Footer of Your Wiki&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;Message&quot;/&gt;
'''Legal &amp; Safety Contacts'''

Hello community, the Wikimedia Foundation has provided a [[wmf:Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Wikimedia Foundation Legal and Safety Contact Information|single legal and safety contact page]], to be linked in the footer of your wiki, to ensure access to accurate legal information. This is a regulatory requirement. We have already rolled out links to English, German, Italian, Spanish and other wikis and we will deploy to your wiki soon. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_and_Safety_Contacts_FAQ|Please read more on the project page]] and leave any comments in this thread or on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Legal and Safety Contacts FAQ|talk page]].

&lt;section end=&quot;Message&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:29, 25 June 2026 (GMT)
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== Request for comment (the future of Abstract Wikipedia) ==

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Apologies if this has not yet been translated into your wiki's language. {{int:Please-translate}}
You are invited to voice your opinions in a [[:m:Requests for comment/The future of Abstract Wikipedia|request for comment about the future of Abstract Wikipedia]]. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}
[[:m:User:Kowal2701|Kowal2701]] ([[:m:User talk:Kowal2701|talk]])  12:24, 24 July 2026 (GMT)
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== Request to continue Adminship ==
Hello everybro, I dey seek de support of fellow editors so say I go continue be de Administrator give dis project. To promote Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia, I for continue de adminship so say I go fi perform oda tasks wey dey hia such as make we komot invalid articles, support fresh editors, komot vandalism den develop existing editors. Thanks waa

* Hello everyone, I am seeking the support of fellow editors so that I can continue being the Administrator of this project. To promote Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia, I have to continue being an admin so that I can perform important tasks such as removing of invalid articles, supporting new editors, remove vandalism and also developing existing editors. Thanks very much

''You go fi support me for here ''[[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 09:10, 26 October 2026 (GMT) 

=== Support ===
#[[User:Ibn Dagara|Ibn Dagara]] ([[User talk:Ibn Dagara|talk]]) 09:26, 26 October 2026 (GMT)
#[[User:Tenaciuos Ntaawa|Tenaciuos Ntaawa]] ([[User talk:Tenaciuos 10 Ntaawa|talk]]) 14:42, 26 October 2026 (GMT)
#I strongly support this request. [[User:KISUMAR123|KISUMAR123]] ([[User talk:KISUMAR123|talk]])
#</text>
      <sha1>knirwhjyjzokepj4iokq4vpqo660n63</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>115353</id>
      <parentid>115349</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-27T23:34:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaw tuba</username>
        <id>7</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Supported /* Request to continue Adminship */</comment>
      <origin>115353</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="34953" sha1="mak74kv2yeotisatu8kav1dsbpt55lu" xml:space="preserve">== Request for Admin ==
Hello everybro, as ebe me wey I start de Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia, I dey seek de support of fellow editors so say I go be de Administrator give dis project. To promote Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia, I for be de admin so say I go fi perform oda tasks wey dey hia such as make we komot invalid articles, support fresh editors, komot vandalism den develop existing editors. Thanks waa

* Hello everyone, as I started the Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia, I am seeking the support of fellow editors so that I can be the Administrator of this project. To promote Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia, I have to be an admin so that I can perform important tasks such as removing of invalid articles, support new editors, remove vandalism and also developing existing editors. Thanks very much
''You go fi support me for here ''

'''Thanks everybro''' - [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 17:47, 6 July 2023 (GMT)

:[[User:Ibn Dagara|Ibn Dagara]] ([[User talk:Ibn Dagara|talk]]) 22:15, 17 October 2023 (GMT)
I strongly support [[User:Xibitgh|Xibitgh]] ([[User talk:Xibitgh|talk]])

==Support==
#[[User:NanaYawBotar|NanaYawBotar]] ([[User talk:NanaYawBotar|talk]]) 18:00, 6 July 2023 (GMT)
# [[User:Jwale2|Jwale2]] ([[User talk:Jwale2|talk]]) 18:54, 6 July 2023 (GMT)
# [[User:Gyanford|Gyanford]] ([[User talk:Gyanford|talk]]) 19:27, 6 July 2023 (GMT)
#[[User:Cornelius Agordome|Cornelius Agordome]] ([[User talk:Cornelius Agordome|talk]]) 11:05, 10 July 2023 (GMT)
#[[User:Amuzujoe|Amuzujoe]] ([[User talk:Amuzujoe|talk]]) 21:39, 10 July 2023 (GMT)
# [[User:Yaw tuba|Yaw tuba]] ([[User talk:Yaw tuba|talk]]) 18:27, 19 July 2023 (GMT)
# [[User:Azorbli|Azorbli]] ([[User talk:Azorbli|talk]])
# [[User:MartinezYA|MartinezYA]] ([[User talk:MartinezYA|talk]]) 05:51, 18 October 2023 (GMT)
#[[User:Xibitgh|Xibitgh]] ([[User talk:Xibitgh|talk]])

== Support ==

support [[Special:Contributions/197.210.76.72|197.210.76.72]] 13:56, 14 August 2023 (GMT)

== Support ==

support [[User:Umargana1|Umargana1]] ([[User talk:Umargana1|talk]]) 13:58, 14 August 2023 (GMT)

== Update links from Incubator to local ==

Some links on the FA blurb are still external to the incubator project. (Also, if we could get some more templates and modules imported from enwiki, like [[:en:Template:Documentation]], that would be great. Maybe we can raise it on Meta so someone with more experience can import/recreate them with dependencies?). [[User:MSG17|MSG17]] ([[User talk:MSG17|talk]]) 19:32, 23 August 2023 (GMT)

:Also, the page is using a Portuguese map, instead of the English file: [[:File:Ghana Regions map.png]] [[User:MSG17|MSG17]] ([[User talk:MSG17|talk]]) 19:35, 23 August 2023 (GMT)
::Thanks for the observation [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 14:43, 2 September 2023 (GMT)

== Request to continue Adminship ==
Hello everybro, I dey seek de support of fellow editors so say I go continue be de Administrator give dis project. To promote Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia, I for continue de adminship so say I go fi perform oda tasks wey dey hia such as make we komot invalid articles, support fresh editors, komot vandalism den develop existing editors. Thanks waa

* Hello everyone, I am seeking the support of fellow editors so that I can continue being the Administrator of this project. To promote Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia, I have to continue being an admin so that I can perform important tasks such as removing of invalid articles, supporting new editors, remove vandalism and also developing existing editors. Thanks very much
''You go fi support me for here ''
'''Thanks everybro''' - [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 16:41, 13 October 2023 (GMT)
===Support===
# [[User:Ibn Dagara|Ibn Dagara]] ([[User talk:Ibn Dagara|talk]]) 22:15, 17 October 2023 (GMT)
#[[User:Azorbli|Azorbli]] ([[User talk:Azorbli|talk]])
# [[User:MartinezYA|MartinezYA]] ([[User talk:MartinezYA|talk]]) 05:51, 18 October 2023 (GMT)
# [[User:Xibitgh|Xibitgh]] ([[User talk:Xibitgh|talk]])
#[[User:Jwale2|Jwale2]] ([[User talk:Jwale2|talk]]) 14:01, 19 October 2023 (GMT)
# [[User:Yaw tuba|Yaw tuba]] ([[User talk:Yaw tuba|talk]]) 06:23, 22 October 2023 (GMT)

== Ghana Month Edit-a-thon ==

Dear Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia Community,

We are excited to announce a month-long initiative aimed at enhancing gender representation on the Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia. This project, organized by the Ghanaian Pidgin Wikimedians Community, seeks to address the underrepresentation of notable female personalities on our platform.

Project Objectives:

1. To increase the visibility and representation of Ghanaian women on the Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia.

2. To create a more inclusive and diverse portrayal of Ghanaian history and culture.

3. To engage the community in actively contributing to articles related to notable female personalities.

Planned Activities:

1. Editing Workshops: Hands-on workshops to teach participants how to contribute and edit articles on the Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia. Guidance on creating and improving articles related to notable female personalities in Ghana.

2. Panel Discussions: Featuring gender activists, notable female personalities, and Wikimedians. Discussing the importance of gender representation and its impact on knowledge diversity.

3. Content Creation Competition: A friendly competition encouraging participants to create or improve Wikipedia articles. Incentives such as awards, certificates, or recognition for outstanding contributions.

4. Outreach Events: Awareness campaigns at media stations with urban reach using Ghanaian Pidgin. Emphasizing that Ghanaian Pidgin is a written language, encouraging public participation.

5. Closing Ceremony: An in-person event at the end of the month to celebrate achievements. Showcasing edited articles, sharing success stories, and expressing gratitude to participants.

Significance of the Project:
Gender representation is a crucial aspect of creating a comprehensive and diverse narrative. By actively participating in this initiative, you contribute to breaking gender stereotypes and fostering a more inclusive portrayal of Ghanaian history and achievements. Your involvement is instrumental in making a positive impact on the Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia community.

How You Can Participate:

Join our WhatsApp group for regular updates and discussions.
Follow us on X (formerly Twitter) for real-time updates and engagement ([https://twitter.com/Ghpidginwiki @Ghpidginwiki]) .
Register for upcoming events using Wikimedia Event Registration tools.

Let's come together as a community to make a meaningful change. Your participation matters!

Thank you for your support and commitment.

Best regards,

[[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 16:54, 14 January 2024 (GMT)

== Enabling Section Translation: a new mobile translation experience ==

{{int:Hello}} Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedians!

Apologies as this message is not in your language, {{int:Please-translate}}.

The [[mw:Wikimedia_Language_engineering|WMF Language team]] is pleased to let you know about our plans to enable the [[mw:Content_translation/Section_translation|Section translation]] tool in Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia. For this, our team would want you to read about the tool and test it so you can:

* Give us your feedback

* Ask us questions

* Tell us how to improve it.

Below is background information about Section translation, why we have chosen your community, and how to test it.

'''Background information'''

[[mw:Content_translation|Content Translation]] has been a successful tool for editors to create content in their language. More than one million articles have been created across all languages since the tool was released in 2015. The Wikimedia Foundation Language team has improved the translation experience further with the Section Translation. The WMF Language team enabled the early version of the tool in February 2021 in Bengali Wikipedia. Through their feedback, the tool was improved and ready for your community to test and provide feedback to make it better.

[https://design.wikimedia.org/strategy/section-translation.html Section Translation] extends the capabilities of Content Translation to support mobile devices. On mobile, the tool will:

* Guide you to translate one section at a time in order to expand existing articles or create new ones.

* Make it easy to transfer knowledge across languages anytime from your mobile device.

Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia seems an ideal candidate to enjoy this new tool since it has a Content Translation tool enabled by default.

We plan to enable the tool by 15th of February 2024, if there are no objections from your community. After it is enabled, we’ll monitor the content created with the tool and process all the feedback. In any case, feel free to raise any concerns or questions you may already have in any of the following formats:

* As a reply to this message

* On [[mw:Talk:Content_translation/Section_translation|the project talk page]].

'''Try the tool'''

Before the enablement, you can try the current implementation of the tool in [https://test.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&amp;from=en&amp;to=gpe&amp;sx=true#/sx our testing instance]. Once it is enabled on Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia, you’ll have access to [[:trv:Special:ContentTranslation|https://gpe.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation]] with your mobile device. You can select an article to translate, and machine translation will be provided as a starting point for editors to improve.

'''Provide feedback'''

Please provide feedback about Section translation in any of the formats you are most comfortable with. We want to hear about your impressions on:

* The tool

* What you think about our plans to enable it

* Your ideas for improving the tool.

Thanks, and we look forward to your feedback.

[[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[User talk:UOzurumba (WMF)|talk]]) 05:26, 31 January 2024 (GMT) On behalf of the WMF Language team.

:Thanks for this message and we are grateful the Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia has been selected to try this new feature. [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 12:09, 1 February 2024 (GMT)

== Flower of the month ==

[[File:Chrysothemis_pulchella_̠11.jpg|thumb|&lt;center&gt;Chrysothemis pulchella&lt;/center&gt;]]
Dear all.

For your huge efforts on Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia I want to award you with the [[:als:Wikipedia:Blueme vum Monet|Flower of the month]].

Best regards, --[[User:Holder|Holder]] ([[User talk:Holder|talk]]) 06:00, 8 March 2024 (GMT)

:We appreciate you @[[User:Holder|Holder]] [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 14:55, 8 March 2024 (GMT)

== Request to continue Adminship ==

Hello everybro, I dey seek de support of fellow editors so say I go continue be de Administrator give dis project. To promote Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia, I for continue de adminship so say I go fi perform oda tasks wey dey hia such as make we komot invalid articles, support fresh editors, komot vandalism den develop existing editors. Thanks waa

* Hello everyone, I am seeking the support of fellow editors so that I can continue being the Administrator of this project. To promote Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia, I have to continue being an admin so that I can perform important tasks such as removing of invalid articles, supporting new editors, remove vandalism and also developing existing editors. Thanks very much

''You go fi support me for here ''
'''Thanks everybro''' - [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 11:05, 11 October 2024 (GMT)

:Carry on plus the good job, adey throw my support give you. [[Special:Contributions/154.161.146.186|154.161.146.186]] 01:43, 12 October 2024 (GMT)

==== Support ====
*[[User:Heatrave|Heatrave]] ([[User talk:Heatrave|talk]]) 11:26, 11 October 2024 (GMT)
*Bro dey for long on Wikipedia top n so he get more knowledge on it top, I dey support am strongly [[User:Ruky Wunpini|Ruky Wunpini]] ([[User talk:Ruky Wunpini|talk]]) 11:48, 11 October 2024 (GMT)
*yh we dey give you total support. [[User:Jwale2|Jwale2]] ([[User talk:Jwale2|talk]]) 13:15, 11 October 2024 (GMT)
*I Dey support DaSupremo. Eve hard working and he Dey do the job well.  [[Special:Contributions/154.160.6.233|154.160.6.233]] 14:46, 11 October 2024 (GMT)
*[[User:Zakaria Tunsung|Zakaria Tunsung]] ([[User talk:Zakaria Tunsung|talk]]) 00:55, 13 October 2024 (GMT)
*I dey support Supremo for dis role [[User:Gyanford|Gyanford]]
*Adey support DaSupremo for dis role sake of he be the co-founder wey he sana be experienced editor [[User:Yaw tuba|Yaw tuba]]

== Proposal to enable the &quot;Contribute&quot; entry point in Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia  ==

{{Int:Hello}} Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedians,

Apologies as this message is not in your language. {{Int:please-translate}}.

The [[mediawikiwiki:Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization|WMF Language and Product Localization]] team proposes enabling an entry point called &quot;Contribute&quot; to your Wikipedia.

The [[:bn:বিশেষ:Contribute|Contribute]] entry point is based on collaborative work with other product teams in the Wikimedia Foundation on [[mediawikiwiki:Edit_Discovery|Edit discovery]], which validated the entry point as a persistent and constant path that contributors took to discover ways to contribute content in Wikipedia.

Therefore, enabling this entry point in your Wikipedia will help contributors quickly discover available tools and immediately click to start using them. This entry point is designed to be a central point for discovering contribution tools in Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia.

'''Who can access it'''

Once it is enabled in your Wikipedia, newcomers can access the entry point automatically by just logging into their account, click on the User drop-down menu and choose the &quot;Contribute&quot; icon, which takes you to another menu where you will find a self-guided description of what you can do to contribute content, as shown in the image below. An option to &quot;view contributions&quot; is also available to access the list of your contributions.

[[File:Mobile_Contribute_Page.png|link=https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datei:Mobile_Contribute_Page.png|Mobile Contribute Page]]                             [[File:Mobile_contribute_menu_(detailed).png|link=https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datei:Mobile_contribute_menu_(detailed).png|Mobile contribute menu (detailed)]]

For experienced contributors, the Contribute icon is not automatically shown in their User drop-down menu. They will still see the &quot;Contributions&quot; option unless they change it to the &quot;Contribute&quot; manually.

This feature is available in four Wikipedia (Albanian, Malayalam, Mongolian, and Tagalog). We have gotten valuable feedback that helped us improve its discoverability. Now, it is ready to be enabled in other Wikis. One major improvement was to [[phab:T369041|make the entry point optional for experienced contributors]] who still want to have the &quot;Contributions&quot; entry point as default.          

We plan to enable it '''on mobile''' for Wikis, where the Section translation tool is enabled. In this way, we will provide a main entry point to the mobile translation dashboard, and the exposure can still be limited by targeting only the mobile platform for now. If there are no objections to having the entry point for mobile users from your community, we will enable it by 9th November 2024.

We welcome your feedback and questions in this thread on our proposal to enable it here. Suppose there are no objections, we will deploy the &quot;Contribute&quot; entry point in your Wikipedia.

We look forward to your response soon.

Thank you!

On behalf of the WMF Language and Product Localization team.  [[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[User talk:UOzurumba (WMF)|talk]]) 03:28, 23 October 2024 (GMT)

:Hello [[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]], thanks for reaching out and thanks for considering the Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia for this feature. I will share this info on our WhatsApp page for others' valuable contribution. [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 11:41, 23 October 2024 (GMT)
::Hello [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]],
::Thank you for responding to this message. We will go ahead and enable the feature since there are no objections to having it in your Wiki. [[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[User talk:UOzurumba (WMF)|talk]]) 22:59, 6 November 2024 (GMT)
:::Noted with thanks [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 23:11, 6 November 2024 (GMT)

== An improved dashboard for the Content Translation tool ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
{{Int:hello}} Wikipedians,

Apologies as this message is not in your language, {{Int:please-translate}}.

The [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization|Language and Product Localization team]] has improved the [https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&amp;filter-type=automatic&amp;filter-id=previous-edits&amp;active-list=suggestions&amp;from=en&amp;to=es Content Translation dashboard] to create a consistent experience for all contributors using mobile and desktop devices. The improved translation dashboard allows all logged-in users of the tool to enjoy a consistent experience regardless of their type of device.

With a harmonized experience, logged-in desktop users now have access to the capabilities shown in the image below.
[[file:Content_Translation_new-dashboard.png|alt=|center|thumb|576x576px|Notice that in this screenshot, the new dashboard allows: Users to adjust suggestions with the &quot;For you&quot; and &quot;...More&quot; buttons to select general topics or community-created collections (like the example of Climate topic).  Also, users can use translation to create new articles (as before) and expand existing articles section by section. You can see how suggestions are provided in the new dashboard  in two groups (&quot;Create new pages&quot; and &quot;Expand with new sections&quot;)-one for each activity.]]
[[File:Content_Translation_dashboard_on_desktop.png|alt=|center|thumb|577x577px|In the current dashboard, you will notice that you can't adjust suggestions to select topics or community-created collections. Also, you can't expand on existing articles by translating new sections.]]
We will implement [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation#Improved translation experience|this improvement]] on your wiki '''on Monday, March 17th, 2025''' and remove the current dashboard '''by May 2025'''.
Please reach out with any questions concerning the dashboard in this thread. 

Thank you!

On behalf of the Language and Product Localization team.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 02:55, 13 March 2025 (GMT)
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== Our Digi Rights Edit-a-thon ==

Hello everyone! Our Digi Rights Edit-a-thon be project wey dey seek make e amplify youth voices den dey enhance civic engagement insyd a secure digital space by make we create den improve content on Wikipedia den Wikidata. De focus regions dey include de Sahel region, neighbouring West Africa, den de Horn of Africa.

We go contribute to bridging content gaps on topics such as de African Union Convention on Cybersecurity and Personal Data Protection, e-democracy, digital mobilisation insyd social movements, SDG16, freedom of expression, den human rights. Additionally, de initiative go highlight de roles of governments, NGOs, den grassroots organisations wey dey address censorship, surveillance, den online disinformation insyd Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Chad, Ethiopia, Guinea, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Senegal, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, den Togo

You fi join dis campaign for dis link top: (https://w.wiki/EWvG). Thanks waa [[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 08:51, 19 June 2025 (GMT)

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Migration to Parsoid&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Product and Technology/Parsoid Read Views/Read View Announcement|Read this in another language]]&lt;/em&gt;

Hello everyone! I am glad to inform you that as the next step in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification|Parser Unification]] project, Parsoid will soon be turned on as the default article renderer on your wiki. We are gradually increasing the number of wikis using Parsoid, with the intention of making it the default wikitext parser for MediaWiki's next long-term support release. This will make our wikis more reliable and consistent for editors, readers, and tools to use, as well as making the development of future wikitext features easier.

If this disrupts your workflow, don’t worry! You can still opt out through a user preference or turn Parsoid off on the current page using the Tools submenu, as described in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserMigration|Extension:ParserMigration]] documentation.

There is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Confidence Framework|more information about our roll-out strategy]] available, including the testing done before we turn on Parsoid for a new wiki.

To report bugs and issues, please look at our [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Known Issues|known issues]] documentation and if you found a new bug please create a phab ticket and tag the [[phab:project/view/5846|Content Transform Team in Phabricator]].
&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[mw:User:ABreault (WMF)|Content Transform Team]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:35, 6 January 2026 (GMT)
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== Annual review of de Universal Code of Conduct den Enforcement Guidelines ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
I dey wrep to you make you know say dem now gbele de annual review period give de Universal Code of Conduct den Enforcement Guidelines. You fi make suggestions for changes thru 9 February 2026. Dis be de first step of chaw dem go take for de annual review. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2026|Read more information den find a conversation to join on de UCoC page for Meta top]].

De [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) be a global group dem dedicate to providing an equitable den consistent implementation of de UCoC. Na dem plan den implement dis annual review by de U4C. For more information den de responsibilities of de U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|you fi review de U4C Charter]].

Please share dis information plus oda members insyd your community werever else wey fi be appropriate.

-- In cooperation plus de U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

21:01, 19 January 2026 (GMT)
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== Re-using references with different details – introducing Sub-referencing ==

[[File:Sub-referencing re-use + RefPreview.png|thumb|Sub-referencing: Example]]
Hi, I’m Johannes from WMDE’s [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes|Technical Wishes team]]. Sorry for writing in English, please support us by translating this message!

We’ve been working on a new feature to improve re-using references with different details: '''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|Sub-referencing]]'''. We’ve deployed the feature to German-language Wikipedia four months ago. After iterating on the initial feedback we’re ready to rollout sub-referencing to additional wikis. 

'''What to expect?'''

You will notice footnotes like [1.1] in Wikipedia articles, if citations are used with different details (e.g. different page numbers) using sub-references. We are implementing a [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing/History|long-held community wish]]: Many Wikipedia articles currently contain references that are almost identical but differ in details such as the page number. This leads to cluttered reference lists which make it harder for readers to quickly assess how many different sources have been used. And unlike with [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Status quo: Re-using references in wikitext and VisualEditor|identical reuses]], re-using references with different details [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Status quo: Re-using references with different details in wikitext|previously required duplicating the reference]], which led to longer wikitext and – [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Status quo: Re-using references with different details in VisualEditor|especially in VisualEditor]] – also to more time expenditure.

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|Sub-referencing]] solves these issue: We are adding a new [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#In wikitext|wikitext attribute]] &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;details=&quot;...&quot;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; – similar to the existing attribute &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ref name=&quot;...&quot;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;. [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#In VisualEditor|VisualEditor users]] can use the &quot;add details&quot; button to insert sub-references. You can find detailed instructions [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|on our project page]]. We also [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing/Learnings|published a report]] about our learnings on the first three months of sub-referencing on German Wikipedia which you might find interesting.

'''Deployment'''

We’ll likely deploy sub-referencing to this project on February 17. Please let me know if you have any questions. We look forward to your feedback on the new feature, either on [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|our discussion page]], my [[User talk:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|user talk page]], or as a reply to this post.

Best regards from the Technical Wishes team --[[User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|Johannes Richter (WMDE)]] ([[User talk:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|talk]]) 15:34, 3 February 2026 (GMT)

:Today we've deployed [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|sub-referencing]] to gpewiki. Please let us know if you notice any issues or if you have suggestions on how to improve the feature. We’re already [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing/Learnings#Further deployments and our next steps|working on some ideas]] like improving the reader’s view if there are lots of sub-references in the same article. You can find more information about the feature and how to re-use references with different details using sub-references in VisualEditor and Wikitext in the announcement above or on [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|our project page]].
::
:Some suggestions: We are using a [[Special:TrackingCategories|tracking category]] for pages using sub-referencing to quickly identify any issues with the new feature. You can change the category name via [[MediaWiki:Cite-tracking-category-ref-details]]. You might want to create the category page (currently [[:Category:Pages that use sub-references]]) using &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;__HIDDENCAT__&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; to hide it from the default reader’s view (see [[:d:Q129764848]]).
::
:You could also consider creating local versions of [[MediaWiki:Cite-ve-dialog-subreference-help-dialog-link]] and [[MediaWiki:Cite-ve-dialog-subreference-help-dialog-link-ve]] to point directly at [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|translated versions of our project page]] (if existing – or link to local help pages on sub-referencing if the community creates them). The default ''Special:MyLanguage'' links to our metawiki project page unfortunately won't work properly for logged-out editors and will always lead to the English version. Both links are used for VisualEditor users, the first one is displayed in a pop-up when using the &quot;add details&quot; button for the first time, the second link is permanent when using the VE dialogue to add details to a reference.
::
:If you’ve enabled the gadget [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reference Tooltips|Reference tooltips]] in your user preferences instead of using the default [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Reference Previews/sv|Reference Previews]], you [[:phab:T416304#11622766|won’t see the entire sub-reference information]]. We will soon provide guidance to communities on how to update the gadget.
::
:You can use our [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|sub-referencing talk page]] to provide feedback on the new feature – or just reply to this post. Thanks for piloting the feature! [[User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|Johannes Richter (WMDE)]] ([[User talk:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|talk]]) 16:23, 24 February 2026 (GMT)

== Request for comment (global AI policy) ==

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Apologies for writing in English. {{int:Please-translate}}
A [[:m:Requests for comment/Artificial intelligence policy|request for comment]] is currently being held to decide on a global AI policy. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}}
[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 00:57, 26 April 2026 (GMT)
&lt;/bdi&gt;
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Vote now in the 2026 U4C election&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
Eligible voters are asked to participate in the 2026 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] election. More information–including an eligibility check, voting process information, candidate information, and a link to the vote–are available on Meta at the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|2026 Election information page]]. The vote closes on 2 June 2026 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1780358400 00:00 UTC].

Please vote if your account is eligible. Results will be available by 14 June 2026. -- In cooperation with the U4C,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 17:14, 27 May 2026 (GMT)
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== RFC about AI-generated content in Wikimedia Commons ==

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Apologies for writing in English, please help translate this message to your language. You are invited to participate in a [[c:Commons:Requests for comment/Policy update for AI content|request for comment on Wikimedia Commons about a policy update for AI content]]. This may affect files that are uploaded to Wikimedia Commons for use on this project. Thank you. [[m:User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]] ([[m:User talk:Codename Noreste|talk]])&lt;/bdi&gt; 17:11, 23 June 2026 (GMT)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Deployment of Legal and Safety Contacts Link in the Footer of Your Wiki&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;Message&quot;/&gt;
'''Legal &amp; Safety Contacts'''

Hello community, the Wikimedia Foundation has provided a [[wmf:Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Wikimedia Foundation Legal and Safety Contact Information|single legal and safety contact page]], to be linked in the footer of your wiki, to ensure access to accurate legal information. This is a regulatory requirement. We have already rolled out links to English, German, Italian, Spanish and other wikis and we will deploy to your wiki soon. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_and_Safety_Contacts_FAQ|Please read more on the project page]] and leave any comments in this thread or on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Legal and Safety Contacts FAQ|talk page]].

&lt;section end=&quot;Message&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:29, 25 June 2026 (GMT)
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== Request for comment (the future of Abstract Wikipedia) ==

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Apologies if this has not yet been translated into your wiki's language. {{int:Please-translate}}
You are invited to voice your opinions in a [[:m:Requests for comment/The future of Abstract Wikipedia|request for comment about the future of Abstract Wikipedia]]. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}
[[:m:User:Kowal2701|Kowal2701]] ([[:m:User talk:Kowal2701|talk]])  12:24, 24 July 2026 (GMT)
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== Request to continue Adminship ==
Hello everybro, I dey seek de support of fellow editors so say I go continue be de Administrator give dis project. To promote Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia, I for continue de adminship so say I go fi perform oda tasks wey dey hia such as make we komot invalid articles, support fresh editors, komot vandalism den develop existing editors. Thanks waa

* Hello everyone, I am seeking the support of fellow editors so that I can continue being the Administrator of this project. To promote Ghanaian Pidgin Wikipedia, I have to continue being an admin so that I can perform important tasks such as removing of invalid articles, supporting new editors, remove vandalism and also developing existing editors. Thanks very much

''You go fi support me for here ''[[User:DaSupremo|DaSupremo]] ([[User talk:DaSupremo|talk]]) 09:10, 26 October 2026 (GMT) 

=== Support ===
#[[User:Ibn Dagara|Ibn Dagara]] ([[User talk:Ibn Dagara|talk]]) 09:26, 26 October 2026 (GMT)
#[[User:Tenaciuos Ntaawa|Tenaciuos Ntaawa]] ([[User talk:Tenaciuos 10 Ntaawa|talk]]) 14:42, 26 October 2026 (GMT)
#I strongly support this request. [[User:KISUMAR123|KISUMAR123]] ([[User talk:KISUMAR123|talk]])
#Strong support [[User:Yaw tuba|Yaw tuba]] ([[User talk:Yaw tuba|talk]]) 23:34, 27 October 2026 (GMT)</text>
      <sha1>mak74kv2yeotisatu8kav1dsbpt55lu</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
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      <timestamp>2026-10-27T22:12:34Z</timestamp>
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        <username>Grufo</username>
        <id>3655</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Update from [[d:Special:GoToLinkedPage/mediawikiwiki/Q122696746|master]] using [[mw:Synchronizer| #Synchronizer]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="91286" sha1="ed6uj3jkl9sb18ckis1vsieht07yb7c" xml:space="preserve">require[[strict]]


	---                                        ---
	---     PRIVATE ENVIRONMENT                ---
	---    ________________________________    ---
	---                                        ---


	--[[ Abstract utilities ]]--
	----------------------------


-- Helper function for `string.gsub()` (for managing zero-padded numbers)
local function zero_padded (str)
	return ('%03d%s'):format(#str, str)
end


-- Helper function for `table.sort()` (for natural sorting)
local function natural_sort (var1, var2)
	return var1:gsub('%d+', zero_padded) &lt; var2:gsub('%d+', zero_padded)
end


-- Return a copy or a reference to a table
local function copy_or_ref_table (src, refonly)
	if refonly then return src end
	local newtab = {}
	for key, val in pairs(src) do newtab[key] = val end
	return newtab
end


-- Copy at most N items (of all kinds) from `src` to `dest` and return `dest`
local function copy_table_maxn (dest, src, len)
	local idx = 1
	for key, val in pairs(src) do
		dest[key], idx = val, idx + 1
		if idx &gt; len then break end
	end
	return dest
end


-- Remove some numeric elements from a table, shifting everything to the left
local function remove_numeric_keys (tbl, idx, len)
	local cache, tmp = {}, idx + len - 1
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' and key &gt;= idx then
			if key &gt; tmp then cache[key - len] = val end
			tbl[key] = nil
		end
	end
	for key, val in pairs(cache) do tbl[key] = val end
end


-- Make a reduced copy of a table (shifting in both directions if necessary)
local function copy_table_reduced (tbl, idx, len)
	local ret, tmp = {}, idx + len - 1
	if idx &gt; 0 then
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) ~= 'number' or key &lt; idx then
				ret[key] = val
			elseif key &gt; tmp then ret[key - len] = val end
		end
	elseif tmp &gt; 0 then
		local nshift = 1 - idx
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) ~= 'number' then ret[key] = val
			elseif key &gt; tmp then ret[key - tmp] = val
			elseif key &lt; idx then ret[key + nshift] = val end
		end
	else
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) ~= 'number' or key &gt; tmp then
				ret[key] = val
			elseif key &lt; idx then ret[key + len] = val end
		end
	end
	return ret
end


-- Make an expanded copy of a table (shifting in both directions if necessary)
local function copy_table_expanded (tbl, idx, len)
	local ret, tmp = {}, idx + len - 1
	if idx &gt; 0 then
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) ~= 'number' or key &lt; idx then
				ret[key] = val
			else ret[key + len] = val end
		end
	elseif tmp &gt; 0 then
		local nshift = idx - 1
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) ~= 'number' then ret[key] = val
			elseif key &gt; 0 then ret[key + tmp] = val
			elseif key &lt; 1 then ret[key + nshift] = val end
		end
	else
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) ~= 'number' or key &gt; tmp then
				ret[key] = val
			else ret[key - len] = val end
		end
	end
	return ret
end


-- Given a table, create two new tables containing the sorted list of keys
local function get_sorted_key_list (tbl, sort_fn)
	local nums, words, nn, nw = {}, {}, 1, 1
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then nums[nn], nn = key, nn + 1
		else words[nw], nw = key, nw + 1 end
	end
	table.sort(nums)
	table.sort(words, sort_fn)
	return nums, words, nn - 1, nw - 1
end


-- Parse a parameter name string and return it as a string or a number
local function get_param_name (par_str)
	local ret = par_str:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
	if ret ~= '0' and ret:find'^%-?[1-9]%d*$' == nil then return ret end
	return tonumber(ret)
end


-- Move a key from a table to another, but only if under a different name and
-- always parsing numeric strings as numbers
local function steal_if_renamed (val, src, skey, dest, dkey)
	local realkey = get_param_name(dkey)
	if skey ~= realkey then dest[realkey], src[skey] = val, nil end
end


	--[[ Public strings ]]--
	------------------------


-- Special match keywords (functions and modifiers MUST avoid these names)
local mkeywords = {
	['or'] = 0,
	pattern = 1,
	plain = 2,
	strict = 3
}


-- Sort functions (functions and modifiers MUST avoid these names)
local sortfunctions = {
	alphabetically = false,
	naturally = natural_sort
}


-- Callback styles for the `mapping_*` and `renaming_*` class of modifiers
-- (functions and modifiers MUST avoid these names)
--[[

Meanings of the columns:

  col[1] = Loop type (0-3)
  col[2] = Number of module arguments that the style requires (1-3)
  col[3] = Minimum number of sequential parameters passed to the callback
  col[4] = Name of the callback parameter where to place each parameter name
  col[5] = Name of the callback parameter where to place each parameter value
  col[6] = Argument in the modifier's invocation that will override `col[4]`
  col[7] = Argument in the modifier's invocation that will override `col[5]`

A value of `-1` indicates that no meaningful value is stored (i.e. `nil`)

]]--
local mapping_styles = {
	names_and_values = { 3, 2, 2, 1, 2, -1, -1 },
	values_and_names = { 3, 2, 2, 2, 1, -1, -1 },
	values_only = { 1, 2, 1, -1, 1, -1, -1 },
	names_only = { 2, 2, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1 },
	names_and_values_as = { 3, 4, 0, -1, -1, 2, 3 },
	names_only_as = { 2, 3, 0, -1, -1, 2, -1 },
	values_only_as = { 1, 3, 0, -1, -1, -1, 2 },
	blindly = { 0, 2, 0, -1, -1, -1, -1 }
}


-- Memory slots (functions and modifiers MUST avoid these names)
local memoryslots = {
	h = 'header',
	f = 'footer',
	i = 'itersep',
	l = 'lastsep',
	n = 'ifngiven',
	p = 'pairsep',
	s = 'oxfordsep'
}


-- Possible trimming modes for the `parsing` modifier
local trim_parse_opts = {
	trim_none = { false, false },
	trim_positional = { false, true },
	trim_named = { true, false },
	trim_all = { true, true }
}


-- Possible string modes for the iteration separator in the `parsing` and
-- `reinterpreting` modifiers
local isep_parse_opts = {
	splitter_pattern = false,
	splitter_string = true
}


-- Possible string modes for the key-value separator in the `parsing` and
-- `reinterpreting` modifiers
local psep_parse_opts = {
	setter_pattern = false,
	setter_string = true
}


-- Possible position references for the `splicing` modifier
local position_references = {
	add_nothing = 0,
	add_smallest_number = 1,
	add_last_of_sequence = 2,
	add_largest_number = 3
}


-- Possible modes for the `reassigning` modifier
local a_modes = {
	transfer = 0,
	clone = 1,
	rename = 2,
	copy = 3,
	sacrifice = 4,
	provide = 5,
	spare = 7
}


-- Functions and modifiers MUST avoid these names too: `here`, `in_substack`,
-- `let`, `expose`, `use`, `with_flushed_glue`, `without_flushed_glue`
-- `without_sorting`


	--[[ Private constants ]]--
	---------------------------


-- Hard-coded name of the module (to avoid going through `frame:getTitle()`)
local modulename = 'Module:Params'


-- The functions listed here declare that they don't need the
-- `frame:getParent().args` metatable to be copied into a regular table; if 
-- they are modifiers they also guarantee that they will make their own
-- (modified) copy available
local refparams = {
	call_for_each_group = true,
	combining = true,
	combining_by_calling = true,
	combining_values = true,
	concat_and_call = true,
	concat_and_invoke = true,
	concat_and_magic = true,
	count = true,
	grouping_by_calling = true,
	mixing_names_and_values = true,
	keeping_at_most = true,
	renaming_by_mixing = true,
	renaming_to_sequence = true,
	renaming_to_uppercase = true,
	renaming_to_lowercase = true,
	shifting = true,
	splicing = true,
	value_of = true,
	with_name_matching = true
}


-- Maximum number of numeric parameters that can be filled, if missing (we
-- chose an arbitrary number for this constant; you can discuss about its
-- optimal value at Module talk:Params)
local maxfill = 1024


-- The private table of functions
local library = {}


-- Functions and modifiers that can only be invoked in first position
local static_iface = {}


	--[[ Private functions ]]--
	---------------------------


-- Create a new context
local function context_new (child_frame, first_fn_name)
	local main_frame, tpipe = child_frame:getParent(), { first_fn_name }
	for key, val in pairs(child_frame.args) do
		if type(key) == 'number' and key &gt; 0 then tpipe[key + 1] = val
		else tpipe[key] = val end
	end
	return {
		frame = main_frame,
		pipe = tpipe,
		oparams = main_frame.args,
		firstposonly = static_iface,
		iterfunc = pairs,
		fnpos = 1,
		sorttype = 0,
		n_parents = 0,
		n_children = 0,
		n_available = maxfill
	}
end


-- Move to the next action within the user-given list
local function context_iterate (ctx, next_fn_pos, trimmed_fname)
	local fname = trimmed_fname or ctx.pipe[next_fn_pos] and
		ctx.pipe[next_fn_pos]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if fname == nil then error(modulename ..
		': You must specify a function to call', 0) end
	if library[fname] == nil then
		if ctx.firstposonly[fname] == nil then error(modulename ..
			': The function ‘' .. fname .. '’ does not exist', 0)
		else error(modulename .. ': The ‘' .. fname ..
			'’ directive can only appear in first position', 0)
		end
	end
	ctx.fnpos = next_fn_pos
	return library[fname]
end


-- Main loop
local function main_loop (ctx, start_with)
	local fn = start_with
	repeat fn = fn(ctx) until not fn
	if ctx.n_parents &gt; 0 then error(modulename ..
		': One or more ‘merging_substack’ directives are missing', 0) end
	if ctx.n_children &gt; 0 then error(modulename ..
		', For some of the snapshots either the ‘flushing’ directive is missing or a group has not been properly closed with ‘merging_substack’', 0) end
end


-- Load a `setting`-like directive string into the `dest` table
local function set_strings_from_opts (dest, opts, offs)
	local cmd
	if opts[offs] == nil then return offs - 1 end
	cmd = opts[offs]:gsub('%s+', ''):gsub('/+', '/'):match'^/*(.*[^/])'
	if cmd == nil then return offs end
	local vname, chr
	local amap, sep, argc = {}, string.byte('/'), offs + 1
	for idx = 1, #cmd do
		chr = cmd:byte(idx)
		if chr == sep then
			for key, val in ipairs(amap) do
				dest[val], amap[key] = opts[argc], nil
			end
			argc = argc + 1
		else
			vname = memoryslots[string.char(chr)]
			if vname == nil then error(modulename ..
				', ‘setting’: Unknown slot ‘' .. string.char(chr) .. '’', 0) end
			table.insert(amap, vname)
		end
	end
	for key, val in ipairs(amap) do dest[val] = opts[argc] end
	return argc
end


-- Add a new stack of parameters to `ctx.children`
local function new_substack (ctx)
	local currsnap, newparams = ctx.n_children + 1, {}
	if ctx.children == nil then ctx.children = { newparams }
	else ctx.children[currsnap] = newparams end
	ctx.n_children = currsnap
	return newparams
end


-- Parse a raw argument containing a `sortfunctions` directive, or
-- `'without_sorting'`, or `nil`
local function load_sort_opt (raw_arg)
	local trarg
	if raw_arg ~= nil then trarg = raw_arg:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if trarg == nil then return nil, 1, false, nil end
	if trarg == 'without_sorting' then return nil, 2, false, nil end
	local tmp = sortfunctions[trarg]
	if tmp == nil then return nil, 1, false, trarg end
	return tmp or nil, 2, true, nil
end


-- Parse optional user arguments of type `...|[let/use]|[...]|[let/use]|[...]|
-- [number of additional parameters]|[parameter 1]|[parameter 2]|[...]`
local function load_child_opts (src, start_from, append_after, params)
	local tnamed, tmp1, tmp2
	local pin, tbl, mem = start_from, {}, {}
	while src[pin] ~= nil and src[pin + 1] ~= nil do
		tmp1 = src[pin]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
		if tmp1 == 'let' and src[pin + 2] ~= nil then
			tmp1 = get_param_name(src[pin + 1])
			tbl[tmp1], pin = src[pin + 2], pin + 3
--[[
		elseif tmp1 == 'expose' then
			tmp1 = get_param_name(src[pin + 1])
			tmp2 = params[tmp1]
			mem[tmp1], tbl[tmp1], pin = tmp2, tmp2, pin + 2
]]--
		elseif tmp1 == 'use' and src[pin + 2] ~= nil then
			tmp1 = get_param_name(src[pin + 2])
			tmp2 = params[tmp1]
			mem[tmp1], tbl[get_param_name(src[pin + 1])], pin =
				tmp2, tmp2, pin + 3
		else break end
	end
	local tnew = copy_or_ref_table(params, next(mem) == nil)
	for key in pairs(mem) do tnew[key] = nil end
	if pin ~= start_from then tnamed, tbl = tbl, {} end
	tmp1 = tonumber(src[pin])
	if tmp1 ~= nil and math.floor(tmp1) == tmp1 then
		if tmp1 &lt; 0 then tmp1 = -1 end
		tmp2 = append_after - pin
		for idx = pin + 1, pin + tmp1 do tbl[idx + tmp2] = src[idx] end
		pin = pin + tmp1 + 1
	end
	if tnamed ~= nil then
		for key, val in pairs(tnamed) do tbl[key] = val end
	end
	return tbl, pin, tnew, mem
end


-- Load the optional arguments of some of the `mapping_*` and `renaming_*`
-- class of modifiers
local function load_callback_opts (src, start_from, default_style, params)
	local style, shf
	local tmp = src[start_from + 1]
	if tmp ~= nil then style = mapping_styles[tmp:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'] end
	if style == nil then style, shf = default_style, start_from - 1
	else shf = start_from end
	local n_exist, karg, varg = style[3], style[4], style[5]
	tmp = style[6]
	if tmp &gt; -1 then
		karg = src[tmp + shf]:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
		if karg == '0' or karg:find'^%-?[1-9]%d*$' ~= nil then
			karg = tonumber(karg)
			n_exist = math.max(n_exist, karg)
		end
	end
	tmp = style[7]
	if tmp &gt; -1 then
		varg = src[tmp + shf]:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
		if varg == '0' or varg:find'^%-?[1-9]%d*$' ~= nil then
			varg = tonumber(varg)
			n_exist = math.max(n_exist, varg)
		end
	end
	tmp = style[1]
	local dest, argc, tnew, mem = load_child_opts(src, style[2] + shf,
		n_exist, params)
	if (tmp == 3 or tmp == 2) and dest[karg] ~= nil then
		tmp = tmp - 2 end
	if (tmp == 3 or tmp == 1) and dest[varg] ~= nil then
		tmp = tmp - 1 end
	return dest, argc, tmp, karg, varg, tnew, mem
end


-- Parse the arguments of some of the `mapping_*` and `renaming_*` class of
-- modifiers
local function load_replace_args (opts, offs, whoami)
	if opts[offs + 1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘' .. whoami .. '’: No pattern string was given', 0) end
	if opts[offs + 2] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘' .. whoami .. '’: No replacement string was given', 0) end
	local tn, flg
	local ptn, repl, nmax, argc =
		opts[offs + 1], opts[offs + 2], tonumber(opts[offs + 3]), 3
	if nmax ~= nil then argc = 4
	elseif opts[offs + 3] ~= nil then
		tn = opts[offs + 3]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
		if tn == nil then argc = 4 end
	end
	if tn == nil and opts[offs + argc] ~= nil then
		tn = opts[offs + argc]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	end
	if tn ~= nil then
		flg = mkeywords[tn]
		if flg ~= nil then tn = nil end
	end
	if flg == 0 then flg = nil elseif flg ~= nil then argc = argc + 1 end
	return ptn, repl, nmax, flg, offs + argc, (nmax ~= nil and nmax &lt; 1) or
		(flg == 3 and ptn == repl), tn
end


-- Parse the arguments of the `with_*_matching` class of modifiers
local function load_pattern_args (opts, offs, whoami)
	local tn, kwid
	local ptns, arg, state, nptns, idx = {}, opts[offs + 1], 0, 0, offs + 2
	while arg ~= nil do
		if state == 0 then
			nptns, state = nptns + 1, -1
			ptns[nptns] = { arg, false, false }
		else
			tn = arg:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
			kwid = tn and mkeywords[tn]
			if kwid == nil or (state &gt; 0 and kwid &gt; 0) then break
			else
				state = kwid
				if state &gt; 1 then ptns[nptns][2] = true end
				if state == 3 then ptns[nptns][3] = true end
			end
		end
		arg, idx = opts[idx], idx + 1
	end
	if state == 0 then error(modulename ..
		', ‘' .. whoami .. '’: No pattern was given', 0) end
	return ptns, nptns, idx - 1, kwid == nil and tn or nil
end


-- Load the optional arguments of the `parsing`, `reinterpreting` and
-- `evaluating` modifiers
local function load_parse_opts (opts, offs, isp, psp)
	local tn, tmp
	local optslots, noptslots, argc, trimn, trimu, iplain, pplain =
		{ true, true, true }, 3, offs, true, false, true, true
	repeat
		noptslots, tmp = noptslots - 1, opts[argc]
		tn = tmp and tmp:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
		if tn == nil then break end
		if optslots[1] ~= nil and trim_parse_opts[tn] ~= nil then
			tmp = trim_parse_opts[tn]
			trimn, trimu, optslots[1] = tmp[1], tmp[2], nil
		elseif optslots[2] ~= nil and isep_parse_opts[tn] ~= nil then
			argc = argc + 1
			iplain, isp, optslots[2] = isep_parse_opts[tn],
				opts[argc], nil
		elseif optslots[3] ~= nil and psep_parse_opts[tn] ~= nil then
			argc = argc + 1
			pplain, psp, optslots[3] = psep_parse_opts[tn],
				opts[argc], nil
		else break end
		argc, tn = argc + 1, nil
	until noptslots &lt; 1
	return isp, iplain, psp, pplain, trimn, trimu, argc, tn
end


-- Map parameters' values using a custom callback and a referenced table
local value_maps = {
	[0] = function (tbl, margs, karg, varg, fn)
		for key in pairs(tbl) do tbl[key] = fn() end
	end,
	[1] = function (tbl, margs, karg, varg, fn)
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			margs[varg] = val
			tbl[key] = fn()
		end
	end,
	[2] = function (tbl, margs, karg, varg, fn)
		for key in pairs(tbl) do
			margs[karg] = key
			tbl[key] = fn()
		end
	end,
	[3] = function (tbl, margs, karg, varg, fn)
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			margs[karg], margs[varg] = key, val
			tbl[key] = fn()
		end
	end
}


-- Private table for `map_names()`
local name_thieves = {
	[0] = function (cache, tbl, rargs, karg, varg, fn)
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			steal_if_renamed(val, tbl, key, cache, fn())
		end
	end,
	[1] = function (cache, tbl, rargs, karg, varg, fn)
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			rargs[varg] = val
			steal_if_renamed(val, tbl, key, cache, fn())
		end
	end,
	[2] = function (cache, tbl, rargs, karg, varg, fn)
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			rargs[karg] = key
			steal_if_renamed(val, tbl, key, cache, fn())
		end
	end,
	[3] = function (cache, tbl, rargs, karg, varg, fn)
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			rargs[karg], rargs[varg] = key, val
			steal_if_renamed(val, tbl, key, cache, fn())
		end
	end
}


-- Map parameters' names using a custom callback and a referenced table
local function map_names (tbl, rargs, karg, varg, looptype, fn)
	local cache = {}
	name_thieves[looptype](cache, tbl, rargs, karg, varg, fn)
	for key, val in pairs(cache) do tbl[key] = val end
end


-- Return a new table that contains `src` regrouped according to the numeric
-- suffixes in its keys
local function make_groups (src)
	-- NOTE: `src` might be the original metatable!
	local prefix, gid
	local groups = {}
	for key, val in pairs(src) do
		-- `key` must only be a string or a number...
		if type(key) == 'string' then
			prefix, gid = key:match'^%s*(.-)%s*(%-?%d*)%s*$'
			gid = tonumber(gid) or ''
		else prefix, gid = '', key end
		if groups[gid] == nil then groups[gid] = {} end
		if prefix == '0' or prefix:find'^%-?[1-9]%d*$' ~= nil then
			prefix = tonumber(prefix)
			if prefix &lt; 1 then prefix = prefix - 1 end
		end
		groups[gid][prefix] = val
	end
	return groups
end


-- Split into parts a string containing the `$#` and `$@` placeholders and
-- return the information as a skeleton table, a canvas table and a length
local function parse_placeholder_string (target)
	local skel, canvas, idx, s_pos, e_pos =
		{}, {}, 1, 1, string.find(target, '%$[@#]', 1, false)
	while e_pos ~= nil do
		canvas[idx], skel[idx + 1] =
			target:sub(s_pos, e_pos - 1),
			target:sub(e_pos, e_pos + 1) == '$@'
		idx, s_pos = idx + 2, e_pos + 2
		e_pos = string.find(target, '%$[@#]', s_pos, false)
	end
	if (s_pos &gt; target:len()) then idx = idx - 1
	else canvas[idx] = target:sub(s_pos) end
	return skel, canvas, idx
end


-- Populate a table by parsing a parameter string (heavy lifting for `parsing`,
-- `reinterpreting` and `evaluating`)
local function parse_parameter_string (tbl, str, isp, ipl, psp, ppl, trn, tru)
	local key, val, spos1, spos2, pos1, pos2
	local pos3, idx, lenplone = 0, 1, #str + 1
	if isp == nil or isp == '' then
		if psp == nil or psp == '' then
			if tru then tbl[idx] = str:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
			else tbl[idx] = str end
			return
		end
		spos1, spos2 = str:find(psp, 1, ppl)
		if spos1 == nil then
			key = idx
			if tru then val = str:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
			else val = str end
		else
			key = get_param_name(str:sub(1, spos1 - 1))
			val = str:sub(spos2 + 1)
			if trn then val = val:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$' end
		end
		tbl[key] = val
		return
	end
	if psp == nil or psp == '' then
		repeat
			pos1 = pos3 + 1
			pos2, pos3 = str:find(isp, pos1, ipl)
			val = str:sub(pos1, (pos2 or lenplone) - 1)
			if tru then val = val:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$' end
			tbl[idx], idx = val, idx + 1
		until pos2 == nil
		return
	end
	repeat
		pos1 = pos3 + 1
		pos2, pos3 = str:find(isp, pos1, ipl)
		val = str:sub(pos1, (pos2 or lenplone) - 1)
		spos1, spos2 = val:find(psp, 1, ppl)
		if spos1 == nil then
			key = idx
			if tru then val = val:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$' end
			idx = idx + 1
		else
			key = get_param_name(val:sub(1, spos1 - 1))
			val = val:sub(spos2 + 1)
			if trn then val = val:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$' end
		end
		tbl[key] = val
	until pos2 == nil
	return
end


-- Heavy lifting for `snapshotting` and `remembering`
local function make_child (ctx, src, whoami)
	local len = tonumber(ctx.pipe[ctx.fnpos + 1])
	if len == nil or len == 0 then
		local stack = new_substack(ctx)
		for key, val in pairs(src) do stack[key] = val end
		return len == nil and 1 or 2
	end
	if len &lt; 0 or math.floor(len) ~= len then error(modulename .. ', ‘' ..
		whoami .. '’: The number of parameters to copy must be an integer greater than zero', 0) end
	copy_table_maxn(new_substack(ctx), src, len)
	return 2
end


-- Heavy lifting for `setting_by_flushing`, `combining` and `combining_values`
local function set_strings_from_substack (ctx, dest, whoami)
	if ctx.n_children &lt; 1 then error(modulename ..
		', ‘' .. whoami .. '’: There are no substacks to flush', 0) end
	local currsnap = ctx.n_children
	local stack = ctx.children[currsnap]
	for key, val in pairs(memoryslots) do
		if stack[key] ~= nil then dest[val] = stack[key] end
	end
	ctx.children[currsnap], ctx.n_children = nil, currsnap - 1
end


-- Heavy lifting for `combining` and `combining_values`
local function combine_parameters (ctx, keyval_fn, whoami)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! This function
	-- MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	if opts[offs + 1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘' .. whoami .. '’: No parameter name was provided', 0) end
	local argc
	local tbl, vars = ctx.params, {}
	local sortfn, ivar0, dosort, tmp = load_sort_opt(opts[offs + 2])
	if ivar0 == 2 then
		tmp = opts[offs + 3] ~= nil and opts[offs + 3]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	end
	ivar0 = ivar0 + offs
	if tmp == 'with_flushed_glue' then
		ivar0 = ivar0 + 1
		argc = set_strings_from_opts(vars, opts, ivar0 + 1)
		set_strings_from_substack(ctx, vars, whoami)
	else
		if tmp == 'without_flushed_glue' then ivar0 = ivar0 + 1 end
		argc = set_strings_from_opts(vars, opts, ivar0 + 1)
	end
	if argc &lt; ivar0 then error(modulename ..
		', ‘' .. whoami .. '’: No setting directive was given', 0) end
	if next(tbl) == nil then
		if vars.ifngiven ~= nil then ctx.params =
			{ [get_param_name(opts[offs + 1])] = vars.ifngiven }
		elseif tbl == ctx.oparams then ctx.params = {} end
		return argc + 1
	end
	local cache, len
	if dosort then
		local words
		cache, words, len, tmp = get_sorted_key_list(tbl, sortfn)
		for idx = 1, tmp do cache[len + idx] = words[idx] end
		len = len + tmp
	else
		cache, len = {}, 1
		for key in pairs(tbl) do cache[len], len = key, len + 1 end
		len = len - 1
	end
	local pmap, nss, kvs, pps =
		{}, 0, vars.pairsep or '', vars.itersep or ''
	for idx = 1, len do
		tmp, pmap[nss + 1] = cache[idx], pps
		pmap[nss + 2] = keyval_fn(tmp, tbl[tmp], kvs)
		nss = nss + 2
	end
	tmp = vars.oxfordsep or vars.lastsep
	if tmp ~= nil and nss &gt; 4 then pmap[nss - 1] = tmp
	elseif nss &gt; 2 and vars.lastsep ~= nil then
		pmap[nss - 1] = vars.lastsep
	end
	pmap[1] = vars.header or ''
	if vars.footer ~= nil then pmap[nss + 1] = vars.footer end
	ctx.params = { [get_param_name(opts[offs + 1])] = table.concat(pmap) }
	return argc + 1
end


-- Concatenate the numeric keys from the table of parameters to the numeric
-- keys from the table of options; non-numeric keys from the table of options
-- will prevail over colliding non-numeric keys from the table of parameters
local function concat_params (ctx, offs)
	local tbl, retval, cache, nmax = ctx.params, {}, {}, 0
	for key, val in pairs(ctx.pipe) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then
			if key &lt; 1 then cache[key] = val
			elseif key &gt; offs then cache[key - offs] = val end
			if key &gt; nmax then nmax = key end
		else cache[key] = val end
	end
	nmax = nmax - offs
	if ctx.subset == 1 then
		-- We need only the sequence
		for key, val in ipairs(tbl) do retval[key + nmax] = val end
	else
		if ctx.subset == -1 then
			for key in ipairs(tbl) do tbl[key] = nil end
		end
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) == 'number' and key &gt; 0 then
				retval[key + nmax] = val
			else retval[key] = val end
		end
	end
	for key, val in pairs(cache) do retval[key] = val end
	return retval
end


-- Flush the parameters by calling a custom function for each value (after this
-- function has been invoked `ctx.params` will be no longer usable)
local function flush_params (ctx, fn)
	local tmp
	local tbl = ctx.params
	if ctx.subset == -1 then
		for key, val in ipairs(tbl) do tbl[key] = nil end
	elseif ctx.subset == 1 then
		if ctx.pins == nil then
			for key, val in ipairs(tbl) do fn(key, val) end
			return
		end
		tmp = {}
		for key, val in ipairs(tbl) do tmp[key] = val end
		tbl = tmp
	end
	if ctx.pins ~= nil then
		local marker = ctx.sorttype &lt; 1 and ctx.subset ~= -1 or nil
		for idx = 1, #ctx.pins do
			tmp = ctx.pins[idx]
			if tbl[tmp] ~= nil then
				fn(tmp, tbl[tmp])
				tbl[tmp] = marker
			end
		end
		if ctx.subset == 1 then
			for key, val in ipairs(tbl) do
				if val ~= true then fn(key, val) end
			end
			return
		end
	end
	if ctx.sorttype &gt; 0 then
		local nums, words, nn, nw =
			get_sorted_key_list(tbl, natural_sort)
		if ctx.sorttype == 2 then
			for idx = 1, nw do fn(words[idx], tbl[words[idx]]) end
			for idx = 1, nn do fn(nums[idx], tbl[nums[idx]]) end
			return
		end
		for idx = 1, nn do fn(nums[idx], tbl[nums[idx]]) end
		for idx = 1, nw do fn(words[idx], tbl[words[idx]]) end
		return
	end
	if ctx.subset == -1 or ctx.pins == nil then
		for key, val in ipairs(tbl) do
			fn(key, val)
			tbl[key] = nil
		end
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do fn(key, val) end
		return
	end
	for key, val in ipairs(tbl) do
		if val ~= true then fn(key, val) end
		tbl[key] = nil
	end
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		if val ~= true then fn(key, val) end
	end
end


-- Flush the parameters by calling one of two custom functions for each value
-- (after this function has been invoked `ctx.params` will be no longer usable)
local function mixed_flush_params (ctx, fn_seq, fn_oth)
	if ctx.subset == 1 then
		flush_params(ctx, fn_seq)
		return
	end
	if ctx.subset == -1 then
		flush_params(ctx, fn_oth)
		return
	end
	local tbl = ctx.params
	if ctx.pins == nil and ctx.sorttype &lt; 1 then
		for key, val in ipairs(tbl) do
			fn_seq(key, val)
			tbl[key] = nil
		end
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do fn_oth(key, val) end
		return
	end
	local tseq = {}
	for key, val in ipairs(tbl) do tseq[key] = val end
	if ctx.pins ~= nil then
		local tmp
		local marker = ctx.sorttype &lt; 1 or nil
		for idx = 1, #ctx.pins do
			tmp = ctx.pins[idx]
			if tseq[tmp] ~= nil then
				fn_seq(tmp, tbl[tmp])
				tbl[tmp], tseq[tmp] = nil, marker
			elseif tbl[tmp] ~= nil then
				fn_oth(tmp, tbl[tmp])
				tbl[tmp] = nil
			end
		end
	end
	if ctx.sorttype &gt; 0 then
		local nums, words, nn, nw =
			get_sorted_key_list(tbl, natural_sort)
		if ctx.sorttype == 2 then
			for idx = 1, nw do
				fn_oth(words[idx], tbl[words[idx]])
			end
		end
		for idx = 1, nn do
			if tseq[nums[idx]] ~= nil then
				fn_seq(nums[idx], tseq[nums[idx]])
			else fn_oth(nums[idx], tbl[nums[idx]]) end
		end
		if ctx.sorttype ~= 2 then
			for idx = 1, nw do
				fn_oth(words[idx], tbl[words[idx]])
			end
		end
		return
	end
	for key, val in ipairs(tseq) do
		if val ~= true then
			fn_seq(key, val)
			tbl[key] = nil
		end
	end
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do fn_oth(key, val) end
end


-- Finalize and return a concatenated list
local function finalize_and_return_concatenated_list (ctx, lst, len, modsize)
	if len &gt; 0 then
		local tmp = ctx.oxfordsep or ctx.lastsep
		if tmp ~= nil and len &gt; modsize * 2 then
			lst[len - modsize + 1] = tmp
		elseif len &gt; modsize and ctx.lastsep ~= nil then
			lst[len - modsize + 1] = ctx.lastsep
		end
		lst[1] = ctx.header or ''
		if ctx.footer ~= nil then lst[len + 1] = ctx.footer end
		ctx.text = table.concat(lst)
	else ctx.text = ctx.ifngiven or '' end
end


	---                                        ---
	---     PUBLIC ENVIRONMENT                 ---
	---    ________________________________    ---
	---                                        ---


	--[[ Modifiers ]]--
	-------------------


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|sequential|pipe to
library.sequential = function (ctx)
	if ctx.subset == 1 then error(modulename ..
		': The ‘sequential’ directive has been provided more than once', 0) end
	if ctx.subset == -1 then error(modulename ..
		': The two directives ‘non-sequential’ and ‘sequential’ are in contradiction with each other', 0) end
	if ctx.sorttype &gt; 0 then error(modulename ..
		': The ‘all_sorted’ and ‘reassorted’ directives are redundant when followed by ‘sequential’', 0) end
	ctx.iterfunc, ctx.subset = ipairs, 1
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|non-sequential|pipe to
library['non-sequential'] = function (ctx)
	if ctx.subset == -1 then error(modulename ..
		': The ‘non-sequential’ directive has been provided more than once', 0) end
	if ctx.subset == 1 then error(modulename ..
		': The two directives ‘sequential’ and ‘non-sequential’ are in contradiction with each other', 0) end
	ctx.iterfunc, ctx.subset = pairs, -1
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|all_sorted|pipe to
library.all_sorted = function (ctx)
	if ctx.sorttype == 1 then error(modulename ..
		': The ‘all_sorted’ directive has been provided more than once', 0) end
	if ctx.subset == 1 then error(modulename ..
		': The ‘all_sorted’ directive is redundant after ‘sequential’', 0) end
	if ctx.sorttype == 2 then error(modulename ..
		': The two directives ‘reassorted’ and ‘sequential’ are in contradiction with each other', 0) end
	ctx.sorttype = 1
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|reassorted|pipe to
library.reassorted = function (ctx)
	if ctx.sorttype == 2 then error(modulename ..
		': The ‘reassorted’ directive has been provided more than once', 0) end
	if ctx.subset == 1 then error(modulename ..
		': The ‘reassorted’ directive is redundant after ‘sequential’', 0) end
	if ctx.sorttype == 1 then error(modulename ..
		': The two directives ‘sequential’ and ‘reassorted’ are in contradiction with each other', 0) end
	ctx.sorttype = 2
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|pinned_until|sentinel|[parameter name 1]|[parameter
--            name 2]|...|parameter name N|sentinel|pipe to
library.pinned_until = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	if opts[offs + 1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘pinned_until’: No sentinel was provided', 0) end
	local tmp, bucket, curr, ncurr
	local sntl, idx = opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$', 2
	if ctx.pin_bucket == nil then
		bucket, curr, ncurr = {}, {}, 0
		ctx.pin_bucket, ctx.pins = bucket, curr
	else bucket, curr, ncurr = ctx.pin_bucket, ctx.pins, ctx.npins end
	while opts[offs + idx] ~= nil do
		tmp = opts[offs + idx]:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
		if tmp == sntl then
			if idx == 2 then error(modulename ..
				', ‘pinned_until’: No parameters to pin were provided', 0) end
			ctx.npins = ncurr + idx - 2
			return context_iterate(ctx, offs + idx + 1)
		end
		if tmp == '0' or tmp:find'^%-?[1-9]%d*$' ~= nil then
			tmp = tonumber(tmp)
		end
		if bucket[tmp] then error(modulename ..
			', ‘pinned_until’: Duplicate pinned parameter ‘' .. tostring(tmp) .. '’', 0) end
		curr[ncurr + idx - 1], bucket[tmp], idx = tmp, true, idx + 1
	end
	error(modulename .. ', ‘pinned_until’: Missing sentinel in position #' .. tostring(idx), 0)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|setting|directives|...|pipe to
library.setting = function (ctx)
	local new_offs = set_strings_from_opts(ctx, ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos + 1)
	if new_offs - ctx.fnpos &lt; 2 then error(modulename ..
		', ‘setting’: No directive was given', 0) end
	return context_iterate(ctx, new_offs + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|scoring|new parameter name|[container]|pipe to
library.scoring = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs, retval = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos, 0
	if opts[offs + 1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘scoring’: No parameter name was provided', 0) end
	for _ in pairs(ctx.params) do retval = retval + 1 end
	local tn = opts[offs + 2] and opts[offs + 2]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if tn == 'in_substack' then
		new_substack(ctx)[get_param_name(opts[offs + 1])] =
			tostring(retval)
		return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 3)
	end
	ctx.params[get_param_name(opts[offs + 1])] = tostring(retval)
	return tn == 'here' and context_iterate(ctx, offs + 3) or
		context_iterate(ctx, offs + 2, tn)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|squeezing|pipe to
library.squeezing = function (ctx)
	local store, indices, tbl, newlen = {}, {}, ctx.params, 0
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then
			newlen = newlen + 1
			indices[newlen], store[key], tbl[key] = key, val, nil
		end
	end
	table.sort(indices)
	for idx = 1, newlen do tbl[idx] = store[indices[idx]] end
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|filling_the_gaps|pipe to
library.filling_the_gaps = function (ctx)
	local newval, tbl, tmp, nmin, nmax, nnums =
		ctx.pipe[ctx.fnpos + 1], ctx.params, {}, 1, nil, -1
	if newval == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘filling_the_gaps’: No value was provided', 0) end
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then
			if nmax == nil then
				if key &lt; nmin then nmin = key end
				nmax = key
			elseif key &gt; nmax then nmax = key
			elseif key &lt; nmin then nmin = key end
			tmp[key], nnums = val, nnums + 1
		end
	end
	if nmax ~= nil and nmax - nmin &gt; nnums then
		ctx.n_available = ctx.n_available + nmin + nnums - nmax
		if ctx.n_available &lt; 0 then error(modulename ..
			', ‘filling_the_gaps’: It is possible to fill at most ' .. tostring(maxfill) .. ' parameters', 0) end
		for idx = nmin, nmax do tbl[idx] = newval end
		for key, val in pairs(tmp) do tbl[key] = val end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 2)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|clearing|pipe to
library.clearing = function (ctx)
	local tbl, numerics = ctx.params, {}
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then
			numerics[key], tbl[key] = val, nil
		end
	end
	for key, val in ipairs(numerics) do tbl[key] = val end
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|cutting|left cut|right cut|pipe to
library.cutting = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local lcut = tonumber(opts[offs + 1])
	if lcut == nil or math.floor(lcut) ~= lcut then error(modulename ..
		', ‘cutting’: Left cut must be an integer number', 0) end
	local rcut = tonumber(opts[offs + 2])
	if rcut == nil or math.floor(rcut) ~= rcut then error(modulename ..
		', ‘cutting’: Right cut must be an integer number', 0) end
	local tbl = ctx.params
	local len = #tbl
	if lcut &lt; 0 then lcut = len + lcut end
	if rcut &lt; 0 then rcut = len + rcut end
	local tot = lcut + rcut
	if tot &gt; 0 then
		local cache = {}
		if tot &gt;= len then
			for key in ipairs(tbl) do tbl[key] = nil end
			tot = len
		else
			for idx = len - rcut + 1, len do tbl[idx] = nil end
			for idx = 1, lcut do tbl[idx] = nil end
		end
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) == 'number' and key &gt; 0 then
				if key &gt; len then cache[key - tot] = val
				else cache[key - lcut] = val end
				tbl[key] = nil
			end
		end
		for key, val in pairs(cache) do tbl[key] = val end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|cropping|left crop|right crop|pipe to
library.cropping = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local lcut = tonumber(opts[offs + 1])
	if lcut == nil or math.floor(lcut) ~= lcut then error(modulename ..
		', ‘cropping’: Left crop must be an integer number', 0) end
	local rcut = tonumber(opts[offs + 2])
	if rcut == nil or math.floor(rcut) ~= rcut then error(modulename ..
		', ‘cropping’: Right crop must be an integer number', 0) end
	local tbl = ctx.params
	local nmin, nmax
	for key in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then
			if nmin == nil then nmin, nmax = key, key
			elseif key &gt; nmax then nmax = key
			elseif key &lt; nmin then nmin = key end
		end
	end
	if nmin ~= nil then
		local len = nmax - nmin + 1
		if lcut &lt; 0 then lcut = len + lcut end
		if rcut &lt; 0 then rcut = len + rcut end
		if lcut + rcut - len &gt; -1 then
			for key in pairs(tbl) do
				if type(key) == 'number' then tbl[key] = nil end
			end
		elseif lcut + rcut &gt; 0 then
			for idx = nmax - rcut + 1, nmax do tbl[idx] = nil end
			for idx = nmin, nmin + lcut - 1 do tbl[idx] = nil end
			local lshift = nmin + lcut - 1
			if lshift &gt; 0 then
				for idx = lshift + 1, nmax do
					tbl[idx - lshift], tbl[idx] =
						tbl[idx], nil
				end
			end
		end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|purging|start offset|length|pipe to
library.purging = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local idx = tonumber(opts[offs + 1])
	if idx == nil or math.floor(idx) ~= idx then error(modulename ..
		', ‘purging’: Start offset must be an integer number', 0) end
	local len = tonumber(opts[offs + 2])
	if len == nil or math.floor(len) ~= len then error(modulename ..
		', ‘purging’: Length must be an integer number', 0) end
	local tbl = ctx.params
	if len &lt; 1 then
		len = len + table.maxn(tbl)
		if idx &gt; len then return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 3) end
		len = len - idx + 1
	end
	ctx.params = copy_table_reduced(tbl, idx, len)
	return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|backpurging|start offset|length|pipe to
library.backpurging = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local last = tonumber(opts[offs + 1])
	if last == nil or math.floor(last) ~= last then error(modulename ..
		', ‘backpurging’: Start offset must be an integer number', 0) end
	local len = tonumber(opts[offs + 2])
	if len == nil or math.floor(len) ~= len then error(modulename ..
		', ‘backpurging’: Length must be an integer number', 0) end
	local idx
	local tbl = ctx.params
	if len &gt; 0 then idx = last - len + 1
	else
		for key in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) == 'number' and (idx == nil or
				key &lt; idx) then idx = key end
		end
		if idx == nil then return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 3) end
		idx = idx - len
		if last &lt; idx then return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 3) end
		len = last - idx + 1
	end
	ctx.params = copy_table_reduced(ctx.params, idx, len)
	return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|shifting|addend|pipe to
library.shifting = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local nshift = tonumber(ctx.pipe[ctx.fnpos + 1])
	if nshift == nil or nshift == 0 or math.floor(nshift) ~= nshift then
		error(modulename .. ', ‘shifting’: A non-zero integer number must be provided', 0) end
	local tbl = {}
	for key, val in pairs(ctx.params) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then tbl[key + nshift] = val
		else tbl[key] = val end
	end
	ctx.params = tbl
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 2)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|reversing_numeric_names|pipe to
library.reversing_numeric_names = function (ctx)
	local tbl, numerics, nmax = ctx.params, {}, 0
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then
			numerics[key], tbl[key] = val, nil
			if key &gt; nmax then nmax = key end
		end
	end
	for key, val in pairs(numerics) do tbl[nmax - key + 1] = val end
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|pivoting_numeric_names|pipe to
--[[
library.pivoting_numeric_names = function (ctx)
	local tbl = ctx.params
	local shift = #tbl + 1
	if shift &lt; 2 then return library.reversing_numeric_names(ctx) end
	local tmp = {}
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then tmp[key], tbl[key] = val, nil end
	end
	for key, val in pairs(tmp) do tbl[shift - key] = val end
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 1)
end
]]--


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|mirroring_numeric_names|pipe to
--[[
library.mirroring_numeric_names = function (ctx)
	local nmax, nmin
	local tbl, tmp = ctx.params, {}
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then
			tmp[key], tbl[key] = val, nil
			if nmax == nil then nmin, nmax = key, key
			elseif key &gt; nmax then nmax = key
			elseif key &lt; nmin then nmin = key end
		end
	end
	for key, val in pairs(tmp) do tbl[nmax + nmin - key] = val end
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 1)
end
]]--


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|swapping_numeric_names|pipe to
--[[
library.swapping_numeric_names = function (ctx)
	local tmp
	local tbl, cache, nsize = ctx.params, {}, 1
	for key in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then
			cache[nsize], nsize = key, nsize + 1
		end
	end
	table.sort(cache)
	for idx = math.floor((nsize - 1) / 2), 1, -1 do
		tmp = tbl[cache[idx] ]
		tbl[cache[idx] ] = tbl[cache[nsize - idx] ]
		tbl[cache[nsize - idx] ] = tmp
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 1)
end
]]--


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|sorting_sequential_values|[criterion]|pipe to
library.sorting_sequential_values = function (ctx)
	local sortfn
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local tn = opts[offs + 1] and opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if tn ~= nil then sortfn = sortfunctions[tn] end
	if sortfn then table.sort(ctx.params, sortfn)
	else table.sort(ctx.params) end -- i.e. either `false` or `nil`
	if sortfn == nil then return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 1, tn) end
	return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 2)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|splicing|[add to position]|position|increment|
--            [number of elements to write]|...|pipe to
library.splicing = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local tmp2, argc, pos, refp
	local tbl, opts, offs = ctx.params, ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local tmp1 = opts[offs + 1]
	if tmp1 ~= nil then
		tmp2 = tonumber(tmp1)
		if tmp2 == nil or math.floor(tmp2) ~= tmp2 then
			pos, argc, tmp2 = tonumber(opts[offs + 2]), offs + 4,
				tmp1:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
			if tmp2 ~= nil then
				refp = position_references[tmp2]
				if refp == nil then error(modulename ..
					', ‘splicing’: ‘' .. tostring(tmp2) .. '’ is not a valid first argument', 0) end
			else refp = 0 end
		else pos, argc, refp = tmp2, offs + 3, 0 end
	else pos, argc, refp = tonumber(opts[offs + 2]), offs + 4, 0 end
	if pos == nil or math.floor(pos) ~= pos then error(modulename ..
		', ‘splicing’: The position must be an integer number', 0) end
	local len = tonumber(opts[argc - 1])
	if len == nil or math.floor(len) ~= len then error(modulename ..
		', ‘splicing’: The increment must be an integer number', 0) end
	local insn = tonumber(opts[argc])
	if len == 0 and (insn == nil or insn &lt; 1) then error(modulename ..
		', ‘splicing’: When the increment is zero the number of elements to write cannot be zero', 0) end
	if refp == 2 then
		for _ in ipairs(tbl) do pos = pos + 1 end
		refp = 0
	end
	tmp1, tmp2 = nil, nil
	if refp ~= 0 or len ~= 0 then
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) == 'number' then
				if tmp1 == nil then tmp1, tmp2 = key, key
				elseif key &lt; tmp1 then tmp1 = key
				elseif key &gt; tmp2 then tmp2 = key end
			end
		end
	end
	if tmp2 == nil then len = 0
	elseif refp == 3 then pos = pos + tmp2
	elseif refp == 1 then pos = pos + tmp1 end
	if len &gt; 0 and pos + len &gt; tmp1 and pos &lt;= tmp2 then
		tbl = copy_table_expanded(tbl, pos, len)
	elseif len &lt; 0 and pos - len &gt; tmp1 and pos &lt;= tmp2 then
		tbl = copy_table_reduced(tbl, pos, -len)
	else tbl = copy_or_ref_table(tbl, tbl ~= ctx.oparams) end
	ctx.params = tbl
	if insn == nil or insn &lt; 0 or math.floor(insn) ~= insn then
		return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
	end
	tmp1 = argc - offs - pos + 1
	for key = pos, pos + insn - 1 do tbl[key] = opts[offs + key + tmp1] end
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc + insn + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|imposing|name|value|pipe to
library.imposing = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	if opts[offs + 1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘imposing’: Missing parameter name to impose', 0) end
	ctx.params[get_param_name(opts[offs + 1])] = opts[offs + 2]
	return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|providing|name|value|pipe to
library.providing = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	if opts[offs + 1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘providing’: Missing parameter name to provide', 0) end
	local key = get_param_name(opts[offs + 1])
	if ctx.params[key] == nil then ctx.params[key] = opts[offs + 2] end
	return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|reassigning|source|destination|[mode]|pipe to
library.reassigning = function (ctx)
	local tbl, opts, offs = ctx.params, ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	if opts[offs + 1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘reassigning’: Missing source parameter', 0) end
	if opts[offs + 2] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘reassigning’: Missing destination parameter', 0) end
	local mode, argc
	local src, tn = get_param_name(opts[offs + 1]),
		opts[offs + 3] ~= nil and opts[offs + 3]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	local val = tbl[src]
	if tn ~= nil then mode = a_modes[tn] end
	if mode == nil then mode, argc = 0, offs + 3
	else argc, tn = offs + 4, nil end
	if val == nil and mode &gt; 1 then
		return context_iterate(ctx, argc, tn)
	end
	local dest = get_param_name(opts[offs + 2])
	local tmp = tbl[dest] == nil
	if mode % 2 == 0 or (mode == 7 and tmp) then tbl[src] = nil end
	if tmp or mode &lt; 4 then tbl[dest] = val end
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc, tn)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|discarding|name|[how many]|pipe to
library.discarding = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	if opts[offs + 1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘discarding’: Missing parameter name to discard', 0) end
	local len = tonumber(opts[offs + 2])
	if len == nil then
		ctx.params[get_param_name(opts[offs + 1])] = nil
		return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 2)
	end
	local key = tonumber(opts[offs + 1])
	if key == nil or math.floor(key) ~= key then error(modulename ..
		', ‘discarding’: A range was provided, but the initial parameter name is not an integer number', 0) end
	if len &lt; 1 or math.floor(len) ~= len then error(modulename ..
		', ‘discarding’: A range can only be an integer number greater than zero', 0) end
	for idx = key, key + len - 1 do ctx.params[idx] = nil end
	return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|excluding_non-numeric_names|pipe to
library['excluding_non-numeric_names'] = function (ctx)
	local tmp = ctx.params
	for key, val in pairs(tmp) do
		if type(key) ~= 'number' then tmp[key] = nil end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|excluding_numeric_names|pipe to
library.excluding_numeric_names = function (ctx)
	local tmp = ctx.params
	for key, val in pairs(tmp) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then tmp[key] = nil end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|with_name_matching|target 1|[plain flag 1]|[or]|
--            [target 2]|[plain flag 2]|[or]|[...]|[target N]|[plain flag
--            N]|pipe to
library.with_name_matching = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local tmp, ptn
	local tbl, newparams, opts, offs = ctx.params, {}, ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local targets, nptns, argc, tn = load_pattern_args(opts, offs,
		'with_name_matching')
	for idx = 1, nptns do
		ptn = targets[idx]
		if ptn[3] then
			tmp = ptn[1]
			if tmp == '0' or tmp:find'^%-?[1-9]%d*$' ~= nil then
				tmp = tonumber(tmp)
			end
			newparams[tmp] = tbl[tmp]
		else
			for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
				if tostring(key):find(ptn[1], 1, ptn[2]) then
					newparams[key] = val
				end
			end
		end
	end
	ctx.params = newparams
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc, tn)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|with_name_not_matching|target 1|[plain flag 1]|
--            [and]|[target 2]|[plain flag 2]|[and]|[...]|[target N]|[plain
--            flag N]|pipe to
library.with_name_not_matching = function (ctx)
	local tbl, opts, offs = ctx.params, ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local targets, nptns, argc, tn = load_pattern_args(opts, offs,
		'with_name_not_matching')
	if nptns == 1 and targets[1][3] then
		local tmp = targets[1][1]
		if tmp == '0' or tmp:find'^%-?[1-9]%d*$' ~= nil then
			tbl[tonumber(tmp)] = nil
		else tbl[tmp] = nil end
		return context_iterate(ctx, argc, tn)
	end
	local yesmatch, ptn
	for key in pairs(tbl) do
		yesmatch = true
		for idx = 1, nptns do
			ptn = targets[idx]
			if ptn[3] then
				if tostring(key) ~= ptn[1] then
					yesmatch = false
					break
				end
			elseif not tostring(key):find(ptn[1], 1, ptn[2]) then
				yesmatch = false
				break
			end
		end
		if yesmatch then tbl[key] = nil end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc, tn)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|with_value_matching|target 1|[plain flag 1]|[or]|
--            [target 2]|[plain flag 2]|[or]|[...]|[target N]|[plain flag
--            N]|pipe to
library.with_value_matching = function (ctx)
	local nomatch, ptn
	local tbl, opts, offs = ctx.params, ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local targets, nptns, argc, tn = load_pattern_args(opts, offs,
		'with_value_matching')
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		nomatch = true
		for idx = 1, nptns do
			ptn = targets[idx]
			if ptn[3] then
				if val == ptn[1] then
					nomatch = false
					break
				end
			elseif val:find(ptn[1], 1, ptn[2]) then
				nomatch = false
				break
			end
		end
		if nomatch then tbl[key] = nil end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc, tn)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|with_value_not_matching|target 1|[plain flag 1]|
--            [and]|[target 2]|[plain flag 2]|[and]|[...]|[target N]|[plain
--            flag N]|pipe to
library.with_value_not_matching = function (ctx)
	local yesmatch, ptn
	local tbl, opts, offs = ctx.params, ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local targets, nptns, argc, tn = load_pattern_args(opts, offs,
		'with_value_not_matching')
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		yesmatch = true
		for idx = 1, nptns do
			ptn = targets[idx]
			if ptn[3] then
				if val ~= ptn[1] then
					yesmatch = false
					break
				end
			elseif not val:find(ptn[1], 1, ptn[2]) then
				yesmatch = false
				break
			end
		end
		if yesmatch then tbl[key] = nil end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc, tn)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|keeping_at_most|number of parameters to pick|pipe to
library.keeping_at_most = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local len = tonumber(ctx.pipe[ctx.fnpos + 1])
	if len == nil or len &lt; 1 or math.floor(len) ~= len then error(modulename ..
		', ‘keeping_at_most’: The number of parameters to keep must be an integer greater than zero', 0) end
	ctx.params = copy_table_maxn({}, ctx.params, len)
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 2)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|trimming_values|pipe to
library.trimming_values = function (ctx)
	local tbl = ctx.params
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do tbl[key] = val:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$' end
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|mapping_to_lowercase|pipe to
library.mapping_to_lowercase = function (ctx)
	local tbl = ctx.params
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do tbl[key] = val:lower() end
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|mapping_to_uppercase|pipe to
library.mapping_to_uppercase = function (ctx)
	local tbl = ctx.params
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do tbl[key] = val:upper() end
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|mapping_by_calling|template name|[call
--            style]|[let/use]|[...]|[let/use]|[...]|[number of additional
--            parameters]|[parameter 1]|[parameter 2]|[...]|[parameter N]|pipe to
library.mapping_by_calling = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local tname = opts[offs + 1] and opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if tname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘mapping_by_calling’: No template name was provided', 0) end
	local margs, argc, looptype, karg, varg, tbl, mem =
		load_callback_opts(opts, offs + 1, mapping_styles.values_only,
			ctx.params)
	local model = { title = tname, args = margs }
	value_maps[looptype](tbl, margs, karg, varg, function ()
		return ctx.frame:expandTemplate(model)
	end)
	for key, val in pairs(mem) do tbl[key] = val end
	ctx.params = tbl
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|mapping_by_invoking|module name|function name|[call
--            style]|[let/use]|[...]|[let/use]|[...]|[number of additional
--            arguments]|[argument 1]|[argument 2]|[...]|[argument N]|pipe to
library.mapping_by_invoking = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local mname = opts[offs + 1] and opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if mname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘mapping_by_invoking’: No module name was provided', 0) end
	local fname = opts[offs + 2] and opts[offs + 2]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if fname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘mapping_by_invoking’: No function name was provided', 0) end
	local margs, argc, looptype, karg, varg, tbl, mem =
		load_callback_opts(opts, offs + 2, mapping_styles.values_only,
			ctx.params)
	local model = { title = 'Module:' .. mname, args = margs }
	local mfunc = require(model.title)[fname]
	if mfunc == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘mapping_by_invoking’: The function ‘' .. fname .. '’ does not exist', 0) end
	value_maps[looptype](tbl, margs, karg, varg, function ()
		return tostring(mfunc(ctx.frame:newChild(model)))
	end)
	for key, val in pairs(mem) do tbl[key] = val end
	ctx.params = tbl
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|mapping_by_magic|parser function|[call
--            style]|[let/use]|[...]|[let/use]|[...]|[number of additional
--            arguments]|[argument 1]|[argument 2]|[...]|[argument N]|pipe to
library.mapping_by_magic = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local magic = opts[offs + 1] and opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if magic == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘mapping_by_magic’: No parser function was provided', 0) end
	local margs, argc, looptype, karg, varg, tbl, mem =
		load_callback_opts(opts, offs + 1, mapping_styles.values_only,
			ctx.params)
	value_maps[looptype](tbl, margs, karg, varg, function ()
		return ctx.frame:callParserFunction(magic, margs)
	end)
	for key, val in pairs(mem) do tbl[key] = val end
	ctx.params = tbl
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|mapping_by_replacing|target|replace|[count]|[plain
--            flag]|pipe to
library.mapping_by_replacing = function (ctx)
	local ptn, repl, nmax, flg, argc, die, tn =
		load_replace_args(ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos, 'mapping_by_replacing')
	if die then return context_iterate(ctx, argc, tn) end
	local tbl = ctx.params
	if flg == 3 then
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if val == ptn then tbl[key] = repl end
		end
	else
		if flg == 2 then
			-- Copied from Module:String's `str._escapePattern()`
			ptn = ptn:gsub('[%(%)%.%%%+%-%*%?%[%^%$%]]', '%%%0')
		end
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			tbl[key] = val:gsub(ptn, repl, nmax)
		end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc, tn)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|mapping_by_mixing|mixing string|pipe to
library.mapping_by_mixing = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	if opts[offs + 1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘mapping_by_mixing’: No mixing string was provided', 0) end
	local tbl, mix = ctx.params, opts[offs + 1]
	if mix == '$#' then
		for key in pairs(tbl) do tbl[key] = tostring(key) end
		return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 2)
	end
	local skel, cnv, n_parts = parse_placeholder_string(mix)
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		for idx = 2, n_parts, 2 do
			if skel[idx] then cnv[idx] = val
			else cnv[idx] = tostring(key) end
		end
		tbl[key] = table.concat(cnv)
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 2)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|renaming_to_lowercase|pipe to
library.renaming_to_lowercase = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local cache = {}
	for key, val in pairs(ctx.params) do
		if type(key) == 'string' then cache[key:lower()] = val else
		cache[key] = val end
	end
	ctx.params = cache
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|renaming_to_uppercase|pipe to
library.renaming_to_uppercase = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local cache = {}
	for key, val in pairs(ctx.params) do
		if type(key) == 'string' then cache[key:upper()] = val else
		cache[key] = val end
	end
	ctx.params = cache
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|renaming_to_sequence|[sort order]|pipe to
library.renaming_to_sequence = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local cache, len
	local tbl = ctx.params
	local sortfn, argc, dosort, tn = load_sort_opt(ctx.pipe[ctx.fnpos + 1])
	if dosort then
		local words, wl
		cache, words, len, wl = get_sorted_key_list(tbl, sortfn)
		for idx = 1, len do cache[idx] = tbl[cache[idx]] end
		for idx = 1, wl do cache[len + idx] = tbl[words[idx]] end
	else
		cache, len = {}, 1
		for _, val in pairs(tbl) do cache[len], len = val, len + 1 end
	end
	ctx.params = cache
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + argc, tn)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|renaming_by_calling|template name|[call
--            style]|[let/use]|[...]|[let/use]|[...]|[number of additional
--            parameters]|[parameter 1]|[parameter 2]|[...]|[parameter N]|pipe to
library.renaming_by_calling = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local tname = opts[offs + 1] and opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if tname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘renaming_by_calling’: No template name was provided', 0) end
	local rargs, argc, looptype, karg, varg, tbl, mem =
		load_callback_opts(opts, offs + 1, mapping_styles.names_only,
			ctx.params)
	local model = { title = tname, args = rargs }
	map_names(tbl, rargs, karg, varg, looptype, function ()
		return ctx.frame:expandTemplate(model)
	end)
	for key, val in pairs(mem) do tbl[key] = val end
	ctx.params = tbl
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|renaming_by_invoking|module name|function
--            name|[call style]|[let/use]|[...]|[let/use]|[...]|[number of
--            additional arguments]|[argument 1]|[argument 2]|[...]|[argument
--            N]|pipe to
library.renaming_by_invoking = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local mname = opts[offs + 1] and opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if mname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘renaming_by_invoking’: No module name was provided', 0) end
	local fname = opts[offs + 2] and opts[offs + 2]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if fname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘renaming_by_invoking’: No function name was provided', 0) end
	local rargs, argc, looptype, karg, varg, tbl, mem =
		load_callback_opts(opts, offs + 2, mapping_styles.names_only,
			ctx.params)
	local model = { title = 'Module:' .. mname, args = rargs }
	local mfunc = require(model.title)[fname]
	if mfunc == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘renaming_by_invoking’: The function ‘' .. fname .. '’ does not exist', 0) end
	map_names(tbl, rargs, karg, varg, looptype, function ()
		return tostring(mfunc(ctx.frame:newChild(model)))
	end)
	for key, val in pairs(mem) do tbl[key] = val end
	ctx.params = tbl
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|renaming_by_magic|parser function|[call
--            style]|[let/use]|[...]|[let/use]|[...]|[number of additional
--            arguments]|[argument 1]|[argument 2]|[...]|[argument N]|pipe to
library.renaming_by_magic = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local magic = opts[offs + 1] and opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if magic == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘renaming_by_magic’: No parser function was provided', 0) end
	local rargs, argc, looptype, karg, varg, tbl, mem =
		load_callback_opts(opts, offs + 1, mapping_styles.names_only,
			ctx.params)
	map_names(tbl, rargs, karg, varg, looptype, function ()
		return ctx.frame:callParserFunction(magic, rargs)
	end)
	for key, val in pairs(mem) do tbl[key] = val end
	ctx.params = tbl
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|renaming_by_replacing|target|replace|[count]|[plain
--            flag]|pipe to
library.renaming_by_replacing = function (ctx)
	local ptn, repl, nmax, flg, argc, die, tn =
		load_replace_args(ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos, 'renaming_by_replacing')
	if die then return context_iterate(ctx, argc, tn) end
	local tbl = ctx.params
	if flg == 3 then
		ptn = get_param_name(ptn)
		local val = tbl[ptn]
		if val ~= nil then
			tbl[ptn], tbl[get_param_name(repl)] = nil, val
		end
	else
		if flg == 2 then
			-- Copied from Module:String's `str._escapePattern()`
			ptn = ptn:gsub('[%(%)%.%%%+%-%*%?%[%^%$%]]', '%%%0')
		end
		local cache = {}
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			steal_if_renamed(val, tbl, key, cache,
				tostring(key):gsub(ptn, repl, nmax))
		end
		for key, val in pairs(cache) do tbl[key] = val end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc, tn)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|renaming_by_mixing|mixing string|pipe to
library.renaming_by_mixing = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local mix = ctx.pipe[ctx.fnpos + 1]
	if mix == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘renaming_by_mixing’: No mixing string was provided', 0) end
	local cache = {}
	mix = mix:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
	if mix == '$@' then
		for _, val in pairs(ctx.params) do
			cache[get_param_name(val)] = val
		end
	else
		local skel, canvas, n_parts = parse_placeholder_string(mix)
		for key, val in pairs(ctx.params) do
			for idx = 2, n_parts, 2 do
				if skel[idx] then canvas[idx] = val
				else canvas[idx] = tostring(key) end
			end
			cache[get_param_name(table.concat(canvas))] = val
		end
	end
	ctx.params = cache
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 2)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|grouping_by_calling|template
--            name|[let/use]|[...]|[let/use]|[...]|[number of additional
--            arguments]|[argument 1]|[argument 2]|[...]|[argument N]|pipe to
library.grouping_by_calling = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local tmp, argc, tbl, mem =
		load_child_opts(opts, offs + 2, 0, ctx.params)
	local gargs = {}
	for key, val in pairs(tmp) do
		if type(key) == 'number' and key &lt; 1 then gargs[key - 1] = val
		else gargs[key] = val end
	end
	tmp = opts[offs + 1] and opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if tmp == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘grouping_by_calling’: No template name was provided', 0) end
	local model = { title = tmp }
	local groups = make_groups(tbl)
	for gid, group in pairs(groups) do
		for key, val in pairs(gargs) do group[key] = val end
		group[0], model.args = gid, group
		groups[gid] = ctx.frame:expandTemplate(model)
	end
	for key, val in pairs(mem) do groups[key] = val end
	ctx.params = groups
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|parsing|string to parse|[trim flag]|[iteration
--            delimiter setter]|[...]|[key-value delimiter setter]|[...]|pipe to
library.parsing = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	if opts[offs + 1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘parsing’: No string to parse was provided', 0) end
	local isep, iplain, psep, pplain, trimnamed, trimunnamed, argc, tn =
		load_parse_opts(opts, offs + 2, '|', '=')
	parse_parameter_string(ctx.params, opts[offs + 1], isep, iplain, psep,
		pplain, trimnamed, trimunnamed)
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc, tn)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|reinterpreting|parameter to reinterpret|[trim
--            flag]|[iteration delimiter setter]|[...]|[key-value delimiter
--            setter]|[...]|pipe to
library.reinterpreting = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	if opts[offs + 1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘reinterpreting’: No parameter to reinterpret was provided', 0) end
	local isep, iplain, psep, pplain, trimnamed, trimunnamed, argc, tn =
		load_parse_opts(opts, offs + 2, '|', '=')
	local tbl, tmp = ctx.params, get_param_name(opts[offs + 1])
	local str = tbl[tmp]
	if str ~= nil then
		tbl[tmp] = nil
		parse_parameter_string(tbl, str, isep, iplain, psep, pplain,
			trimnamed, trimunnamed)
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc, tn)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|evaluating|string to parse|[trim flag]|[iteration
--            delimiter setter]|[...]|[key-value delimiter setter]|[...]|pipe to
library.evaluating = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	if opts[offs + 1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘evaluating’: No string to parse was provided', 0) end
	local isep, iplain, psep, pplain, trimnamed, trimunnamed, repos, tn =
		load_parse_opts(opts, offs + 2, '!', ':')
	if opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' == nil then
		remove_numeric_keys(opts, offs, repos - offs)
		return context_iterate(ctx, offs, tn)
	end
	local new_opts, cache = {}, {}
	parse_parameter_string(cache, opts[offs + 1], isep, iplain, psep,
		pplain, trimnamed, trimunnamed)
	local shift = #cache + offs - repos + 1
	for key, val in pairs(opts) do
		if type(key) ~= 'number' or key &lt; offs then new_opts[key] = val
		elseif key &gt;= repos then new_opts[key + shift] = val end
	end
	for key, val in pairs(cache) do
		if type(key) ~= 'number' or key &lt; 1 then new_opts[key] = val
		else new_opts[key + offs] = val end
	end
	ctx.pipe = new_opts
	return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|mixing_names_and_values|mixing string|pipe to
library.mixing_names_and_values = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	if opts[offs + 1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘mixing_names_and_values’: No mixing string was provided for parameter names', 0) end
	if opts[offs + 2] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘mixing_names_and_values’: No mixing string was provided for parameter values', 0) end
	local tmp
	local cache, mix_k, mix_v =
		{}, opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$', opts[offs + 2]
	if mix_k == '$@' and mix_v == '$@' then
		for _, val in pairs(ctx.params) do
			cache[get_param_name(val)] = val
		end
	elseif mix_k == '$@' and mix_v == '$#' then
		for key, val in pairs(ctx.params) do
			cache[get_param_name(val)] = tostring(key)
		end
	elseif mix_k == '$#' and mix_v == '$#' then
		for key in pairs(ctx.params) do cache[key] = tostring(key) end
	else
		local skel_k, cnv_k, n_parts_k = parse_placeholder_string(mix_k)
		local skel_v, cnv_v, n_parts_v = parse_placeholder_string(mix_v)
		for key, val in pairs(ctx.params) do
			tmp = tostring(key)
			for idx = 2, n_parts_k, 2 do
				if skel_k[idx] then cnv_k[idx] = val
				else cnv_k[idx] = tmp end
			end
			for idx = 2, n_parts_v, 2 do
				if skel_v[idx] then cnv_v[idx] = val
				else cnv_v[idx] = tmp end
			end
			cache[get_param_name(table.concat(cnv_k))] =
				table.concat(cnv_v)
		end
	end
	ctx.params = cache
	return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|combining|new parameter name|[sort
--            order]|[with/without flushed glue]|setting directives|...|pipe to
library.combining = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	return context_iterate(ctx, combine_parameters(
		ctx,
		function (key, val, kvs) return key .. kvs .. val end,
		'combining'
	))
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|combining_values|new parameter name|[sort
--            order]|[with/without flushed glue]|setting directives|...|pipe to
library.combining_values = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	return context_iterate(ctx, combine_parameters(
		ctx,
		function (key, val, kvs) return val end,
		'combining_values'
	))
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|combining_by_calling|template name|new parameter
--            name|pipe to
library.combining_by_calling = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local tname = opts[offs + 1] and opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if tname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘combining_by_calling’: No template name was provided', 0) end
	if opts[offs + 2] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘combining_by_calling’: No parameter name was provided', 0) end
	ctx.params = {
		[get_param_name(opts[offs + 2])] = ctx.frame:expandTemplate{
			title = tname,
			args = ctx.params
		}
	}
	return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|combining_by_invoking|module name|function name|new
--            parameter name|pipe to
library.combining_by_invoking = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local mname = opts[offs + 1] and opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if mname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘combining_by_invoking’: No module name was provided', 0) end
	local fname = opts[offs + 2] and opts[offs + 2]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if fname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘combining_by_invoking’: No function name was provided', 0) end
	if opts[offs + 3] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘combining_by_invoking’: No parameter name was provided', 0) end
	local model = { title = 'Module:' .. mname, args = ctx.params }
	local mfunc = require(model.title)[fname]
	if mfunc == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘mapping_by_invoking’: The function ‘' .. fname .. '’ does not exist', 0) end
	ctx.params = {
		[get_param_name(opts[offs + 3])] =
			tostring(mfunc(ctx.frame:newChild(model)))
	}
	return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 4)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|combining_by_magic|parser function|new parameter
--            name|pipe to
library.combining_by_magic = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local magic = opts[offs + 1] and opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if magic == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘combining_by_magic’: No parser function was provided', 0) end
	if opts[offs + 2] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘combining_by_magic’: No parameter name was provided', 0) end
	ctx.params = {
		[get_param_name(opts[offs + 2])] =
			ctx.frame:callParserFunction(magic, ctx.params)
	}
	return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|snapshotting|[maximum number]|pipe to
library.snapshotting = function (ctx)
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos +
		make_child(ctx, ctx.params, 'snapshotting'))
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|remembering|[maximum number]|pipe to
library.remembering = function (ctx)
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos +
		make_child(ctx, ctx.oparams, 'remembering'))
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|entering_substack|[new]|pipe to
library.entering_substack = function (ctx)
	local tbl, opts, offs, ncurrparent =
		ctx.params, ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos, ctx.n_parents + 1
	local tn = opts[offs + 1] and opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if ctx.parents == nil then ctx.parents = { tbl }
	else ctx.parents[ncurrparent] = tbl end
	ctx.n_parents = ncurrparent
	if tn == 'new' then
		ctx.params = {}
		return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 2)
	end
	local currsnap = ctx.n_children
	if currsnap &gt; 0 then
		ctx.params, ctx.children[currsnap], ctx.n_children =
			ctx.children[currsnap], nil, currsnap - 1
	else
		local newparams = {}
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do newparams[key] = val end
		ctx.params = newparams
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 1, tn)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|pulling|parameter name|pipe to
library.pulling = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	if opts[offs + 1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘pulling’: No parameter to pull was provided', 0) end
	local tmp = ctx.n_parents
	local parent = tmp &lt; 1 and ctx.oparams or ctx.parents[tmp]
	tmp = get_param_name(opts[offs + 1])
	if parent[tmp] ~= nil then ctx.params[tmp] = parent[tmp] end
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 2)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|recalling|parameter name|pipe to
library.recalling = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	if opts[offs + 1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘recalling’: No parameter to recall was provided', 0) end
	local arg = get_param_name(opts[offs + 1])
	if ctx.oparams[arg] ~= nil then ctx.params[arg] = ctx.oparams[arg] end
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 2)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|finding|parameter name|pipe to
--[[
library.finding = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	if opts[offs + 1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘finding’: No parameter to find was provided', 0) end
	local arg = get_param_name(opts[offs + 1])
	local parent
	for idx = ctx.n_parents, 1, -1 do
		parent = ctx.parents[idx]
		if parent[arg] ~= nil then
			ctx.params[arg] = parent[arg]
			return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 2)
		end
	end
	if ctx.oparams[arg] ~= nil then ctx.params[arg] = ctx.oparams[arg] end
	return context_iterate(ctx, offs + 2)
end
]]--


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|picking|number of parameters to pick|pipe to
--[[
library.picking = function (ctx)
	local len = tonumber(ctx.pipe[ctx.fnpos + 1])
	if len == nil or len &lt; 1 or math.floor(len) ~= len then error(modulename ..
		', ‘picking’: The number of parameters to pick must be an integer greater than zero', 0) end
	if ctx.n_parents &lt; 1 then copy_table_maxn(ctx.params, ctx.oparams, len)
	else copy_table_maxn(ctx.params, ctx.parents[ctx.n_parents], len) end
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 2)
end
]]--


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|detaching_substack|pipe to
library.detaching_substack = function (ctx)
	local ncurrparent = ctx.n_parents
	if ncurrparent &lt; 1 then error(modulename ..
		', ‘detaching_substack’: No substacks have been created', 0) end
	local parent = ctx.parents[ncurrparent]
	for key in pairs(ctx.params) do parent[key] = nil end
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|dropping_substack|pipe to
library.dropping_substack = function (ctx)
	local ncurrparent = ctx.n_parents
	if ncurrparent &lt; 1 then error(modulename ..
		', ‘dropping_substack’: No substacks have been created', 0) end
	ctx.params, ctx.parents[ncurrparent], ctx.n_parents =
		ctx.parents[ncurrparent], nil, ncurrparent - 1
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|leaving_substack|pipe to
library.leaving_substack = function (ctx)
	local ncurrparent = ctx.n_parents
	if ncurrparent &lt; 1 then error(modulename ..
		', ‘leaving_substack’: No substacks have been created', 0) end
	local currsnap = ctx.n_children + 1
	if ctx.children == nil then ctx.children = { ctx.params }
	else ctx.children[currsnap] = ctx.params end
	ctx.params, ctx.parents[ncurrparent], ctx.n_parents, ctx.n_children =
		ctx.parents[ncurrparent], nil, ncurrparent - 1, currsnap
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|merging_substack|pipe to
library.merging_substack = function (ctx)
	local ncurrparent = ctx.n_parents
	if ncurrparent &lt; 1 then error(modulename ..
		', ‘merging_substack’: No substack has been created', 0) end
	local parent, child = ctx.parents[ncurrparent], ctx.params
	ctx.params, ctx.parents[ncurrparent], ctx.n_parents = parent, nil,
		ncurrparent - 1
	for key, val in pairs(child) do parent[key] = val end
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|flushing|pipe to
library.flushing = function (ctx)
	if ctx.n_children &lt; 1 then error(modulename ..
		', ‘flushing’: There are no substacks to flush', 0) end
	local parent, currsnap = ctx.params, ctx.n_children
	for key, val in pairs(ctx.children[currsnap]) do parent[key] = val end
	ctx.children[currsnap], ctx.n_children = nil, currsnap - 1
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|setting_by_flushing|pipe to
library.setting_by_flushing = function (ctx)
	set_strings_from_substack(ctx, ctx, 'setting_by_flushing')
	return context_iterate(ctx, ctx.fnpos + 1)
end


	--[[ Functions ]]--
	-----------------------------


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|count
library.count = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable!
	local retval = 0
	for _ in ctx.iterfunc(ctx.params) do retval = retval + 1 end
	if ctx.subset == -1 then retval = retval - #ctx.params end
	ctx.text = retval
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:args|concat_and_call|template name|[prepend 1]|[prepend 2]|
--            [...]|[item n]|[named item 1=value 1]|[...]|[named item n=value
--            n]|[...]
library.concat_and_call = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable!
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local tname = opts[offs + 1] and opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if tname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘concat_and_call’: No template name was provided', 0) end
	ctx.text = ctx.frame:expandTemplate{
		title = tname,
		args = concat_params(ctx, offs + 1)
	}
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:args|concat_and_invoke|module name|function name|[prepend
--            1]|[prepend 2]|[...]|[item n]|[named item 1=value 1]|[...]|[named
--            item n=value n]|[...]
library.concat_and_invoke = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable!
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local mname = opts[offs + 1] and opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if mname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘concat_and_invoke’: No module name was provided', 0) end
	local fname = opts[offs + 2] and opts[offs + 2]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if fname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘concat_and_invoke’: No function name was provided', 0) end
	local mfunc = require('Module:' .. mname)[fname]
	if mfunc == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘concat_and_invoke’: The function ‘' .. fname .. '’ does not exist', 0) end
	ctx.text = mfunc(ctx.frame:newChild{
		title = 'Module:' .. mname,
		args = concat_params(ctx, offs + 2)
	})
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:args|concat_and_magic|parser function|[prepend 1]|[prepend
--            2]|[...]|[item n]|[named item 1=value 1]|[...]|[named item n=
--            value n]|[...]
library.concat_and_magic = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable!
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local magic = opts[offs + 1] and opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if magic == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘concat_and_magic’: No parser function was provided', 0) end
	ctx.text = ctx.frame:callParserFunction(magic,
		concat_params(ctx, offs + 1))
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|value_of|parameter name
library.value_of = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable!
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	if opts[offs + 1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘value_of’: No parameter name was provided', 0) end
	local val
	local key = opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
	if key == '0' or key:find'^%-?[1-9]%d*$' ~= nil then
		key = tonumber(key)
		val = ctx.params[key]
		-- No worries: #ctx.params is unused when the modifier is in
		-- first position (and therefore `ctx.params` is a metatable)
		if val ~= nil and (
			ctx.subset ~= -1 or key &gt; #ctx.params or key &lt; 1
		) and (
			ctx.subset ~= 1 or (key &lt;= #ctx.params and key &gt; 0)
		) then
			ctx.text = (ctx.header or '') .. val ..
				(ctx.footer or '')
		else ctx.text = ctx.ifngiven or '' end
	else
		val = ctx.params[key]
		if ctx.subset ~= 1 and val ~= nil then ctx.text = (ctx.header
			or '') .. val .. (ctx.footer or '')
		else ctx.text = ctx.ifngiven or '' end
	end
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|list
library.list = function (ctx)
	local ret, nss, kvs, pps = {}, 0, ctx.pairsep or '', ctx.itersep or ''
	flush_params(ctx, function (key, val)
		ret[nss + 1], ret[nss + 2], ret[nss + 3], ret[nss + 4], nss =
			pps, key, kvs, val, nss + 4
	end)
	finalize_and_return_concatenated_list(ctx, ret, nss, 4)
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|list_values
library.list_values = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `library.coins()` and `library.unique_coins()` rely on us
	local ret, nss, pps = {}, 0, ctx.itersep or ''
	flush_params(ctx, function (key, val)
		ret[nss + 1], ret[nss + 2], nss = pps, val, nss + 2
	end)
	finalize_and_return_concatenated_list(ctx, ret, nss, 2)
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|list_maybe_with_names
library.list_maybe_with_names = function (ctx)
	local ret, nss, kvs, pps = {}, 0, ctx.pairsep or '', ctx.itersep or ''
	mixed_flush_params(
		ctx,
		function (key, val)
			ret[nss + 1], ret[nss + 2], ret[nss + 3],
				ret[nss + 4], nss = pps, '', '', val, nss + 4
		end,
		function (key, val)
			ret[nss + 1], ret[nss + 2], ret[nss + 3],
				ret[nss + 4], nss = pps, key, kvs, val, nss + 4
		end
	)
	finalize_and_return_concatenated_list(ctx, ret, nss, 4)
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|for_each|wikitext
library.for_each = function (ctx)
	local ret, nss, pps, txt =
		{}, 0, ctx.itersep or '', ctx.pipe[ctx.fnpos + 1] or ''
	local skel, cnv, n_parts = parse_placeholder_string(txt)
	flush_params(ctx, function (key, val)
		for idx = 2, n_parts, 2 do
			if skel[idx] then cnv[idx] = val
			else cnv[idx] = tostring(key) end
		end
		ret[nss + 1], nss = pps, nss + 2
		ret[nss] = table.concat(cnv)
	end)
	finalize_and_return_concatenated_list(ctx, ret, nss, 2)
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|call_for_each|template name|[append 1]|[append 2]|
--            [...]|[append n]|[named param 1=value 1]|[...]|[named param
--            n=value n]|[...]
library.call_for_each = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local tname = opts[offs + 1] and opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if tname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘call_for_each’: No template name was provided', 0) end
	local cargs = copy_table_reduced(opts, 1, offs - 1)
	local model, ret, nss, ccs =
		{ title = tname, args = cargs }, {}, 0, ctx.itersep or ''
	flush_params(ctx, function (key, val)
		cargs[1], cargs[2], ret[nss + 1], nss = key, val, ccs, nss + 2
		ret[nss] = ctx.frame:expandTemplate(model)
	end)
	finalize_and_return_concatenated_list(ctx, ret, nss, 2)
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|invoke_for_each|module name|module function|[append
--            1]|[append 2]|[...]|[append n]|[named param 1=value 1]|[...]|
--            [named param n=value n]|[...]
library.invoke_for_each = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local mname = opts[offs + 1] and opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if mname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘invoke_for_each’: No module name was provided', 0) end
	local fname = opts[offs + 2] and opts[offs + 2]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if fname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘invoke_for_each’: No function name was provided', 0) end
	local iargs = copy_table_reduced(ctx.pipe, 1, offs)
	local model = { title = 'Module:' .. mname, args = iargs }
	local mfunc, ret, nss, ccs =
		require(model.title)[fname], {}, 0, ctx.itersep or ''
	if mfunc == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘invoke_for_each’: The function ‘' .. fname .. '’ does not exist', 0) end
	flush_params(ctx, function (key, val)
		iargs[1], iargs[2], ret[nss + 1], nss = key, val, ccs, nss + 2
		ret[nss] = mfunc(ctx.frame:newChild(model))
	end)
	finalize_and_return_concatenated_list(ctx, ret, nss, 2)
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|magic_for_each|parser function|[append 1]|[append
--            2]|[...]|[append n]|[named param 1=value 1]|[...]|[named param
--            n=value n]|[...]
library.magic_for_each = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local magic = opts[offs + 1] and opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if magic == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘magic_for_each’: No parser function was provided', 0) end
	local ret, nss, ccs, cargs = {}, 0, ctx.itersep or '',
		copy_table_reduced(opts, 1, offs - 1)
	flush_params(ctx, function (key, val)
		cargs[1], cargs[2], ret[nss + 1], nss = key, val, ccs, nss + 2
		ret[nss] = ctx.frame:callParserFunction(magic, cargs)

	end)
	finalize_and_return_concatenated_list(ctx, ret, nss, 2)
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|call_for_each_value|template name|[append 1]|[append
--            2]|[...]|[append n]|[named param 1=value 1]|[...]|[named param
--            n=value n]|[...]
library.call_for_each_value = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local tname = opts[offs + 1] and opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if tname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘call_for_each_value’: No template name was provided', 0) end
	local cargs = copy_table_reduced(ctx.pipe, 1, offs)
	local model = { title = tname, args = cargs }
	local ret, nss, ccs = {}, 0, ctx.itersep or ''
	flush_params(ctx, function (key, val)
		cargs[1], ret[nss + 1], nss = val, ccs, nss + 2
		ret[nss] = ctx.frame:expandTemplate(model)
	end)
	finalize_and_return_concatenated_list(ctx, ret, nss, 2)
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|invoke_for_each_value|module name|[append 1]|[append
--            2]|[...]|[append n]|[named param 1=value 1]|[...]|[named param
--            n=value n]|[...]
library.invoke_for_each_value = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local mname = opts[offs + 1] and opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if mname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘invoke_for_each_value’: No module name was provided', 0) end
	local fname = opts[offs + 2] and opts[offs + 2]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if fname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘invoke_for_each_value’: No function name was provided', 0) end
	local iargs = copy_table_reduced(ctx.pipe, 1, offs + 1)
	local model = { title = 'Module:' .. mname, args = iargs }
	local mfunc, ret, nss, ccs =
		require(model.title)[fname], {}, 0, ctx.itersep or ''
	if mfunc == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘invoke_for_each_value’: The function ‘' .. fname .. '’ does not exist', 0) end
	flush_params(ctx, function (key, val)
		iargs[1], ret[nss + 1], nss = val, ccs, nss + 2
		ret[nss] = mfunc(ctx.frame:newChild(model))
	end)
	finalize_and_return_concatenated_list(ctx, ret, nss, 2)
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|magic_for_each_value|parser function|[append 1]|
--            [append 2]|[...]|[append n]|[named param 1=value 1]|[...]|[named
--            param n=value n]|[...]
library.magic_for_each_value = function (ctx)
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local magic = opts[offs + 1] and opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if magic == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘magic_for_each_value’: No parser function was provided', 0) end
	local cargs, ret, nss, ccs =
		copy_table_reduced(opts, 1, offs), {}, 0, ctx.itersep or ''
	flush_params(ctx, function (key, val)
		cargs[1], ret[nss + 1], nss = val, ccs, nss + 2
		ret[nss] = ctx.frame:callParserFunction(magic, cargs)
	end)
	finalize_and_return_concatenated_list(ctx, ret, nss, 2)
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|call_for_each_group|template name|[append 1]|[append
--            2]|[...]|[append n]|[named param 1=value 1]|[...]|[named param
--            n=value n]|[...]
library.call_for_each_group = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable!
	local opts, offs = ctx.pipe, ctx.fnpos
	local tmp = opts[offs + 1] and opts[offs + 1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	if tmp == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘call_for_each_group’: No template name was provided', 0) end
	local model = { title = tmp }
	local bargs, ret, nss, ccs = {}, {}, 0, ctx.itersep or ''
	for key, val in pairs(opts) do
		if type(key) ~= 'number' then bargs[key] = val
		elseif key &gt; offs then bargs[key - offs - 1] = val
		elseif key &lt; 1 then bargs[key - 1] = val end
	end
	ctx.params = make_groups(ctx.params)
	flush_params(ctx, function (gid, group)
		for key, val in pairs(bargs) do group[key] = val end
		group[0], model.args, ret[nss + 1], nss = gid, group, ccs,
			nss + 2
		ret[nss] = ctx.frame:expandTemplate(model)
	end)
	finalize_and_return_concatenated_list(ctx, ret, nss, 2)
	return false
end


	--[[ First-position-only modifiers ]]--
	---------------------------------------


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|new|pipe to
static_iface.new = function (child_frame)
	local ctx = context_new(child_frame, 'new')
	ctx.params = {}
	main_loop(ctx, context_iterate(ctx, 2))
	return ctx.text
end


	--[[ First-position-only functions ]]--
	---------------------------------------


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|self
static_iface.self = function (child_frame)
	return child_frame:getParent():getTitle()
end


	--[[ Public metatable of functions ]]--
	---------------------------------------


return setmetatable({}, {
	__index = function (_, query)
		local fname = query:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
		if fname == nil then error(modulename ..
			': You must specify a function to call', 0) end
		local func = static_iface[fname]
		if func ~= nil then return func end
		func = library[fname]
		if func == nil then error(modulename ..
			': The function ‘' .. fname .. '’ does not exist', 0) end
		return function (child_frame)
			local ctx = context_new(child_frame, fname)
			ctx.params = copy_or_ref_table(ctx.oparams,
				refparams[fname])
			main_loop(ctx, func)
			return ctx.text
		end
	end
})</text>
      <sha1>ed6uj3jkl9sb18ckis1vsieht07yb7c</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Stillbirth</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>31154</id>
    <revision>
      <id>115330</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-27T11:59:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>DaSupremo</username>
        <id>9</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created by translating the page &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1382040860|Stillbirth]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>115330</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2375" sha1="asrz22ksh090sfp9qwqpoy7qc4t8apw" xml:space="preserve">
'''Stillbirth''' typically be defined as de death of a fetus at anaa after 20 anaa 28 weeks of [[pregnancy]], wey dey depend on de source.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2014Def&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=23 September 2014 |title=Stillbirth: Overview |url=https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stillbirth |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005085055/https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stillbirth/Pages/default.aspx |archive-date=5 October 2016 |access-date=4 October 2016 |website=NICHD}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Stillbirth |url=https://www.who.int/health-topics/stillbirth |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221019060412/https://www.who.int/health-topics/stillbirth |archive-date=19 October 2022 |access-date=29 November 2022 |website=World Health Organization |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=What is Stillbirth? |url=https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/stillbirth/facts.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150804024108/https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/stillbirth/facts.html |archive-date=2015-08-04 |access-date=17 Sep 2020 |publisher=Center of Disease Control and Prevention}}&lt;/ref&gt; E dey result in a baby born widout signs of life.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |title=Keeling's Fetal and Neonatal Pathology |vauthors=Bamber AR |date=2022 |publisher=Springer International Publishing |isbn=978-3-030-84168-3 |veditors=Khong TY, Malcomson RD |location=Cham |pages=345–368 |chapter=Macerated Stillbirth |doi=10.1007/978-3-030-84168-3_15}}&lt;/ref&gt; A stillbirth often fi result in de feeling of guilt anaa grief insyd de mommie.&lt;ref name=&quot;Rob2014&quot; /&gt; De term dey in contrast to miscarriage, wich be an early pregnancy loss,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |vauthors=Devall AJ, Melo P, Coomarasamy A |date=2022-03-01 |title=Progesterone for the prevention of threatened miscarriage |journal=Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine |language=English |volume=32 |issue=3 |pages=44–47 |doi=10.1016/j.ogrm.2022.01.005 |s2cid=246689049}}&lt;/ref&gt; den [[sudden infant death syndrome]], wer de baby die a short time after being born alive.&lt;ref name=&quot;Rob2014&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |vauthors=Robinson GE |date=January 2014 |title=Pregnancy loss |journal=Best Practice &amp; Research. Clinical Obstetrics &amp; Gynaecology |volume=28 |issue=1 |pages=169–178 |doi=10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2013.08.012 |pmid=24047642 |s2cid=32998899}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==</text>
      <sha1>asrz22ksh090sfp9qwqpoy7qc4t8apw</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>115331</id>
      <parentid>115330</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-27T14:30:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>DaSupremo</username>
        <id>9</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Improve article</comment>
      <origin>115331</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5045" sha1="ck3zk4ic6q7nvljrm9gnyf86dzha7vw" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Stillbirth''' typically be defined as de death of a fetus at anaa after 20 anaa 28 weeks of [[pregnancy]], wey dey depend on de source.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2014Def&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=23 September 2014 |title=Stillbirth: Overview |url=https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stillbirth |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005085055/https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stillbirth/Pages/default.aspx |archive-date=5 October 2016 |access-date=4 October 2016 |website=NICHD}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Stillbirth |url=https://www.who.int/health-topics/stillbirth |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221019060412/https://www.who.int/health-topics/stillbirth |archive-date=19 October 2022 |access-date=29 November 2022 |website=World Health Organization |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=What is Stillbirth? |url=https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/stillbirth/facts.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150804024108/https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/stillbirth/facts.html |archive-date=2015-08-04 |access-date=17 Sep 2020 |publisher=Center of Disease Control and Prevention}}&lt;/ref&gt; E dey result in a baby born widout signs of life.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |title=Keeling's Fetal and Neonatal Pathology |vauthors=Bamber AR |date=2022 |publisher=Springer International Publishing |isbn=978-3-030-84168-3 |veditors=Khong TY, Malcomson RD |location=Cham |pages=345–368 |chapter=Macerated Stillbirth |doi=10.1007/978-3-030-84168-3_15}}&lt;/ref&gt; A stillbirth often fi result in de feeling of guilt anaa grief insyd de mommie.&lt;ref name=&quot;Rob2014&quot; /&gt; De term dey in contrast to miscarriage, wich be an early pregnancy loss,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |vauthors=Devall AJ, Melo P, Coomarasamy A |date=2022-03-01 |title=Progesterone for the prevention of threatened miscarriage |journal=Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine |language=English |volume=32 |issue=3 |pages=44–47 |doi=10.1016/j.ogrm.2022.01.005 |s2cid=246689049}}&lt;/ref&gt; den [[sudden infant death syndrome]], wer de baby die a short time after being born alive.&lt;ref name=&quot;Rob2014&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |vauthors=Robinson GE |date=January 2014 |title=Pregnancy loss |journal=Best Practice &amp; Research. Clinical Obstetrics &amp; Gynaecology |volume=28 |issue=1 |pages=169–178 |doi=10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2013.08.012 |pmid=24047642 |s2cid=32998899}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Often de cause be unknown.&lt;ref name=NIH2014Def/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Edeib |first=Duaa |date=29 November 2022 |title=After a Stillbirth, an Autopsy Can Provide Answers. Too Few of Them Are Being Performed. |work=[[ProPublica]] |url=https://www.propublica.org/article/stillbirths-autopsy-placenta-exams-pregnancy |access-date=29 November 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Causes fi include [[pregnancy complications]] such as [[pre-eclampsia]] den [[birth complications]], problems plus de [[placenta]] anaa [[umbilical cord]], [[birth defects]], infections such as [[malaria]] den [[syphilis]], den poor health insyd de mommie.&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;{{Rp|location=Causes tab,}}&lt;ref name=NIH2014Cau&gt;{{cite web|title=What are possible causes of stillbirth?|url=https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stillbirth/topicinfo/causes|website=NICHD|access-date=4 October 2016|date=23 September 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005123557/https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stillbirth/topicinfo/Pages/causes.aspx|archive-date=5 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Lawn2016&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Lawn JE, Blencowe H, Waiswa P, Amouzou A, Mathers C, Hogan D, Flenady V, Frøen JF, Qureshi ZU, Calderwood C, Shiekh S, Jassir FB, You D, McClure EM, Mathai M, Cousens S | display-authors = 6 | title = Stillbirths: rates, risk factors, and acceleration towards 2030 | journal = Lancet | volume = 387 | issue = 10018 | pages = 587–603 | date = February 2016 | pmid = 26794078 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00837-5 | bibcode = 2016Lanc..387..587L | doi-access = free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Risk factors dey include a mommie ein age over 35, smoking, drug use, use of [[assisted reproductive technology]], den first pregnancy.&lt;ref name=NIH2014Risk&gt;{{cite web|title=What are the risk factors for stillbirth?|url=https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stillbirth/topicinfo/risk|website=NICHD|access-date=4 October 2016|date=23 September 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005132231/https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stillbirth/topicinfo/Pages/risk.aspx|archive-date=5 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Stillbirth fi be suspected wen no fetal movement be felt.&lt;ref name=NIH2014Diag/&gt; Confirmation be by [[ultrasound]].&lt;ref name=NIH2014Diag&gt;{{cite web|title=How is stillbirth diagnosed?|url=https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stillbirth/topicinfo/diagnosed|website=NICHD|access-date=4 October 2016|date=23 September 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005131840/https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stillbirth/topicinfo/Pages/diagnosed.aspx|archive-date=5 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;
== References ==

&lt;references /&gt;

== External links ==</text>
      <sha1>ck3zk4ic6q7nvljrm9gnyf86dzha7vw</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>115332</id>
      <parentid>115331</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-27T14:37:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>DaSupremo</username>
        <id>9</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Improve article</comment>
      <origin>115332</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6898" sha1="5rl5bc6es9bn9osa0uhqu6kkyqfvwtz" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Stillbirth''' typically be defined as de death of a fetus at anaa after 20 anaa 28 weeks of [[pregnancy]], wey dey depend on de source.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2014Def&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=23 September 2014 |title=Stillbirth: Overview |url=https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stillbirth |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005085055/https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stillbirth/Pages/default.aspx |archive-date=5 October 2016 |access-date=4 October 2016 |website=NICHD}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Stillbirth |url=https://www.who.int/health-topics/stillbirth |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221019060412/https://www.who.int/health-topics/stillbirth |archive-date=19 October 2022 |access-date=29 November 2022 |website=World Health Organization |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=What is Stillbirth? |url=https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/stillbirth/facts.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150804024108/https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/stillbirth/facts.html |archive-date=2015-08-04 |access-date=17 Sep 2020 |publisher=Center of Disease Control and Prevention}}&lt;/ref&gt; E dey result in a baby born widout signs of life.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |title=Keeling's Fetal and Neonatal Pathology |vauthors=Bamber AR |date=2022 |publisher=Springer International Publishing |isbn=978-3-030-84168-3 |veditors=Khong TY, Malcomson RD |location=Cham |pages=345–368 |chapter=Macerated Stillbirth |doi=10.1007/978-3-030-84168-3_15}}&lt;/ref&gt; A stillbirth often fi result in de feeling of guilt anaa grief insyd de mommie.&lt;ref name=&quot;Rob2014&quot; /&gt; De term dey in contrast to miscarriage, wich be an early pregnancy loss,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |vauthors=Devall AJ, Melo P, Coomarasamy A |date=2022-03-01 |title=Progesterone for the prevention of threatened miscarriage |journal=Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine |language=English |volume=32 |issue=3 |pages=44–47 |doi=10.1016/j.ogrm.2022.01.005 |s2cid=246689049}}&lt;/ref&gt; den [[sudden infant death syndrome]], wer de baby die a short time after being born alive.&lt;ref name=&quot;Rob2014&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |vauthors=Robinson GE |date=January 2014 |title=Pregnancy loss |journal=Best Practice &amp; Research. Clinical Obstetrics &amp; Gynaecology |volume=28 |issue=1 |pages=169–178 |doi=10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2013.08.012 |pmid=24047642 |s2cid=32998899}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Often de cause be unknown.&lt;ref name=NIH2014Def/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Edeib |first=Duaa |date=29 November 2022 |title=After a Stillbirth, an Autopsy Can Provide Answers. Too Few of Them Are Being Performed. |work=[[ProPublica]] |url=https://www.propublica.org/article/stillbirths-autopsy-placenta-exams-pregnancy |access-date=29 November 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Causes fi include [[pregnancy complications]] such as [[pre-eclampsia]] den [[birth complications]], problems plus de [[placenta]] anaa [[umbilical cord]], [[birth defects]], infections such as [[malaria]] den [[syphilis]], den poor health insyd de mommie.&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;{{Rp|location=Causes tab,}}&lt;ref name=NIH2014Cau&gt;{{cite web|title=What are possible causes of stillbirth?|url=https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stillbirth/topicinfo/causes|website=NICHD|access-date=4 October 2016|date=23 September 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005123557/https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stillbirth/topicinfo/Pages/causes.aspx|archive-date=5 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Lawn2016&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Lawn JE, Blencowe H, Waiswa P, Amouzou A, Mathers C, Hogan D, Flenady V, Frøen JF, Qureshi ZU, Calderwood C, Shiekh S, Jassir FB, You D, McClure EM, Mathai M, Cousens S | display-authors = 6 | title = Stillbirths: rates, risk factors, and acceleration towards 2030 | journal = Lancet | volume = 387 | issue = 10018 | pages = 587–603 | date = February 2016 | pmid = 26794078 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00837-5 | bibcode = 2016Lanc..387..587L | doi-access = free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Risk factors dey include a mommie ein age over 35, smoking, drug use, use of [[assisted reproductive technology]], den first pregnancy.&lt;ref name=NIH2014Risk&gt;{{cite web|title=What are the risk factors for stillbirth?|url=https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stillbirth/topicinfo/risk|website=NICHD|access-date=4 October 2016|date=23 September 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005132231/https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stillbirth/topicinfo/Pages/risk.aspx|archive-date=5 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Stillbirth fi be suspected wen no fetal movement be felt.&lt;ref name=NIH2014Diag/&gt; Confirmation be by [[ultrasound]].&lt;ref name=NIH2014Diag&gt;{{cite web|title=How is stillbirth diagnosed?|url=https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stillbirth/topicinfo/diagnosed|website=NICHD|access-date=4 October 2016|date=23 September 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005131840/https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stillbirth/topicinfo/Pages/diagnosed.aspx|archive-date=5 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Worldwide prevention of chaw stillbirths be possible plus improved health systems.&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;{{Rp|location=Overview tab,}}&lt;ref name=Lancet2016&gt;{{cite journal|title=Ending preventable stillbirths An Executive Summary for The Lancet's Series|journal=The Lancet|date=Jan 2016|url=http://www.thelancet.com/pb/assets/raw/Lancet/stories/series/stillbirths2016-exec-summ.pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt; Around half of stillbirths dey occur during [[childbirth]], plus dis be more common insyd de [[developing world|developing]] dan [[developed world]].&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;{{Rp|location=Info panel,}} Otherwise, dey depend on how far along de pregnancy be, [[induction of labor|medications fi be used to start labor]] anaa a type of surgery dem know as [[dilation and evacuation]] fi be carried out.&lt;ref name=NIH2014Tx&gt;{{cite web|title=How do health care providers manage stillbirth?|url=https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stillbirth/topicinfo/managed|website=NICHD|access-date=4 October 2016|date=23 September 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005133645/https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stillbirth/topicinfo/Pages/managed.aspx|archive-date=5 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Following a stillbirth, women be at higher risk of anoda one; however, most subsequent pregnancies no get similar problems.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Stillbirth: Other FAQs|url=https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stillbirth/more_information/other-faqs|website=NICHD|access-date=4 October 2016|date=23 September 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005133552/https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stillbirth/topicinfo/Pages/questions.aspx|archive-date=5 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Depression (mood)|Depression]], [[Pure economic loss|financial loss]], den [[Marital breakdown|family breakdown]] be known complications.&lt;ref name=Lancet2016/&gt;
== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;

== External links ==</text>
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'''Stillbirth''' typically be defined as de death of a fetus at anaa after 20 anaa 28 weeks of [[pregnancy]], wey dey depend on de source.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2014Def&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=23 September 2014 |title=Stillbirth: Overview |url=https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stillbirth |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005085055/https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stillbirth/Pages/default.aspx |archive-date=5 October 2016 |access-date=4 October 2016 |website=NICHD}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Stillbirth |url=https://www.who.int/health-topics/stillbirth |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221019060412/https://www.who.int/health-topics/stillbirth |archive-date=19 October 2022 |access-date=29 November 2022 |website=World Health Organization |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=What is Stillbirth? |url=https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/stillbirth/facts.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150804024108/https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/stillbirth/facts.html |archive-date=2015-08-04 |access-date=17 Sep 2020 |publisher=Center of Disease Control and Prevention}}&lt;/ref&gt; E dey result in a baby born widout signs of life.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |title=Keeling's Fetal and Neonatal Pathology |vauthors=Bamber AR |date=2022 |publisher=Springer International Publishing |isbn=978-3-030-84168-3 |veditors=Khong TY, Malcomson RD |location=Cham |pages=345–368 |chapter=Macerated Stillbirth |doi=10.1007/978-3-030-84168-3_15}}&lt;/ref&gt; A stillbirth often fi result in de feeling of guilt anaa grief insyd de mommie.&lt;ref name=&quot;Rob2014&quot; /&gt; De term dey in contrast to miscarriage, wich be an early pregnancy loss,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |vauthors=Devall AJ, Melo P, Coomarasamy A |date=2022-03-01 |title=Progesterone for the prevention of threatened miscarriage |journal=Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine |language=English |volume=32 |issue=3 |pages=44–47 |doi=10.1016/j.ogrm.2022.01.005 |s2cid=246689049}}&lt;/ref&gt; den [[sudden infant death syndrome]], wer de baby die a short time after being born alive.&lt;ref name=&quot;Rob2014&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |vauthors=Robinson GE |date=January 2014 |title=Pregnancy loss |journal=Best Practice &amp; Research. Clinical Obstetrics &amp; Gynaecology |volume=28 |issue=1 |pages=169–178 |doi=10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2013.08.012 |pmid=24047642 |s2cid=32998899}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Often de cause be unknown.&lt;ref name=NIH2014Def/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Edeib |first=Duaa |date=29 November 2022 |title=After a Stillbirth, an Autopsy Can Provide Answers. Too Few of Them Are Being Performed. |work=[[ProPublica]] |url=https://www.propublica.org/article/stillbirths-autopsy-placenta-exams-pregnancy |access-date=29 November 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Causes fi include [[pregnancy complications]] such as [[pre-eclampsia]] den [[birth complications]], problems plus de [[placenta]] anaa [[umbilical cord]], [[birth defects]], infections such as [[malaria]] den [[syphilis]], den poor health insyd de mommie.&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;{{Rp|location=Causes tab,}}&lt;ref name=NIH2014Cau&gt;{{cite web|title=What are possible causes of stillbirth?|url=https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stillbirth/topicinfo/causes|website=NICHD|access-date=4 October 2016|date=23 September 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005123557/https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stillbirth/topicinfo/Pages/causes.aspx|archive-date=5 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Lawn2016&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Lawn JE, Blencowe H, Waiswa P, Amouzou A, Mathers C, Hogan D, Flenady V, Frøen JF, Qureshi ZU, Calderwood C, Shiekh S, Jassir FB, You D, McClure EM, Mathai M, Cousens S | display-authors = 6 | title = Stillbirths: rates, risk factors, and acceleration towards 2030 | journal = Lancet | volume = 387 | issue = 10018 | pages = 587–603 | date = February 2016 | pmid = 26794078 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00837-5 | bibcode = 2016Lanc..387..587L | doi-access = free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Risk factors dey include a mommie ein age over 35, smoking, drug use, use of [[assisted reproductive technology]], den first pregnancy.&lt;ref name=NIH2014Risk&gt;{{cite web|title=What are the risk factors for stillbirth?|url=https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stillbirth/topicinfo/risk|website=NICHD|access-date=4 October 2016|date=23 September 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005132231/https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stillbirth/topicinfo/Pages/risk.aspx|archive-date=5 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Stillbirth fi be suspected wen no fetal movement be felt.&lt;ref name=NIH2014Diag/&gt; Confirmation be by [[ultrasound]].&lt;ref name=NIH2014Diag&gt;{{cite web|title=How is stillbirth diagnosed?|url=https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stillbirth/topicinfo/diagnosed|website=NICHD|access-date=4 October 2016|date=23 September 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005131840/https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stillbirth/topicinfo/Pages/diagnosed.aspx|archive-date=5 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Worldwide prevention of chaw stillbirths be possible plus improved health systems.&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;{{Rp|location=Overview tab,}}&lt;ref name=Lancet2016&gt;{{cite journal|title=Ending preventable stillbirths An Executive Summary for The Lancet's Series|journal=The Lancet|date=Jan 2016|url=http://www.thelancet.com/pb/assets/raw/Lancet/stories/series/stillbirths2016-exec-summ.pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt; Around half of stillbirths dey occur during [[childbirth]], plus dis be more common insyd de [[developing world|developing]] dan [[developed world]].&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;{{Rp|location=Info panel,}} Otherwise, dey depend on how far along de pregnancy be, [[induction of labor|medications fi be used to start labor]] anaa a type of surgery dem know as [[dilation and evacuation]] fi be carried out.&lt;ref name=NIH2014Tx&gt;{{cite web|title=How do health care providers manage stillbirth?|url=https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stillbirth/topicinfo/managed|website=NICHD|access-date=4 October 2016|date=23 September 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005133645/https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stillbirth/topicinfo/Pages/managed.aspx|archive-date=5 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Following a stillbirth, women be at higher risk of anoda one; however, most subsequent pregnancies no get similar problems.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Stillbirth: Other FAQs|url=https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stillbirth/more_information/other-faqs|website=NICHD|access-date=4 October 2016|date=23 September 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005133552/https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stillbirth/topicinfo/Pages/questions.aspx|archive-date=5 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Depression (mood)|Depression]], [[Pure economic loss|financial loss]], den [[Marital breakdown|family breakdown]] be known complications.&lt;ref name=Lancet2016/&gt;

Worldwide insyd 2021, na der be an estimated 1.9 million stillbirths wey occur after 28 weeks of pregnancy (about 1 for every 72 births).&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Stillbirths |url=https://data.unicef.org/topic/child-survival/stillbirths/ |access-date=2023-10-25 |website=UNICEF Data |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; More dan three-quarters of estimated stillbirths insyd 2021 occur insyd sub-Saharan Africa den South Asia, plus 47% of de global total insyd sub-Saharan Africa den 32% insyd South Asia.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Stillbirths and stillbirth rates |url=https://data.unicef.org/topic/child-survival/stillbirths/ |access-date=2023-10-31 |website=UNICEF DATA |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Stillbirth rates decline, though more slowly since de 2000s.&lt;ref name=Dra2016&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Lawn JE, Blencowe H, Waiswa P, Amouzou A, Mathers C, Hogan D, Flenady V, Frøen JF, Qureshi ZU, Calderwood C, Shiekh S, Jassir FB, You D, McClure EM, Mathai M, Cousens S | display-authors = 6 | title = Stillbirths: rates, risk factors, and acceleration towards 2030 | journal = Lancet | volume = 387 | issue = 10018 | pages = 587–603 | date = February 2016 | pmid = 26794078 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00837-5 | bibcode = 2016Lanc..387..587L | doi-access = free }}&lt;/ref&gt; According to UNICEF, de total number of stillbirths decline by 35%, from 2.9 million insyd 2000 to 1.9 million insyd 2021.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; E be estimated say if de stillbirth rate for each country stay at de 2021 level, 17.5 million babies go be stillborn.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;
== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;

== External links ==</text>
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'''Stillbirth''' typically be defined as de death of a fetus at anaa after 20 anaa 28 weeks of [[pregnancy]], wey dey depend on de source.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2014Def&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=23 September 2014 |title=Stillbirth: Overview |url=https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stillbirth |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005085055/https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stillbirth/Pages/default.aspx |archive-date=5 October 2016 |access-date=4 October 2016 |website=NICHD}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Stillbirth |url=https://www.who.int/health-topics/stillbirth |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221019060412/https://www.who.int/health-topics/stillbirth |archive-date=19 October 2022 |access-date=29 November 2022 |website=World Health Organization |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=What is Stillbirth? |url=https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/stillbirth/facts.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150804024108/https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/stillbirth/facts.html |archive-date=2015-08-04 |access-date=17 Sep 2020 |publisher=Center of Disease Control and Prevention}}&lt;/ref&gt; E dey result in a baby born widout signs of life.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |title=Keeling's Fetal and Neonatal Pathology |vauthors=Bamber AR |date=2022 |publisher=Springer International Publishing |isbn=978-3-030-84168-3 |veditors=Khong TY, Malcomson RD |location=Cham |pages=345–368 |chapter=Macerated Stillbirth |doi=10.1007/978-3-030-84168-3_15}}&lt;/ref&gt; A stillbirth often fi result in de feeling of guilt anaa grief insyd de mommie.&lt;ref name=&quot;Rob2014&quot; /&gt; De term dey in contrast to miscarriage, wich be an early pregnancy loss,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |vauthors=Devall AJ, Melo P, Coomarasamy A |date=2022-03-01 |title=Progesterone for the prevention of threatened miscarriage |journal=Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine |language=English |volume=32 |issue=3 |pages=44–47 |doi=10.1016/j.ogrm.2022.01.005 |s2cid=246689049}}&lt;/ref&gt; den [[sudden infant death syndrome]], wer de baby die a short time after being born alive.&lt;ref name=&quot;Rob2014&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |vauthors=Robinson GE |date=January 2014 |title=Pregnancy loss |journal=Best Practice &amp; Research. Clinical Obstetrics &amp; Gynaecology |volume=28 |issue=1 |pages=169–178 |doi=10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2013.08.012 |pmid=24047642 |s2cid=32998899}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Often de cause be unknown.&lt;ref name=NIH2014Def/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Edeib |first=Duaa |date=29 November 2022 |title=After a Stillbirth, an Autopsy Can Provide Answers. Too Few of Them Are Being Performed. |work=[[ProPublica]] |url=https://www.propublica.org/article/stillbirths-autopsy-placenta-exams-pregnancy |access-date=29 November 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Causes fi include [[pregnancy complications]] such as [[pre-eclampsia]] den [[birth complications]], problems plus de [[placenta]] anaa [[umbilical cord]], [[birth defects]], infections such as [[malaria]] den [[syphilis]], den poor health insyd de mommie.&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;{{Rp|location=Causes tab,}}&lt;ref name=NIH2014Cau&gt;{{cite web|title=What are possible causes of stillbirth?|url=https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stillbirth/topicinfo/causes|website=NICHD|access-date=4 October 2016|date=23 September 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005123557/https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stillbirth/topicinfo/Pages/causes.aspx|archive-date=5 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Lawn2016&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Lawn JE, Blencowe H, Waiswa P, Amouzou A, Mathers C, Hogan D, Flenady V, Frøen JF, Qureshi ZU, Calderwood C, Shiekh S, Jassir FB, You D, McClure EM, Mathai M, Cousens S | display-authors = 6 | title = Stillbirths: rates, risk factors, and acceleration towards 2030 | journal = Lancet | volume = 387 | issue = 10018 | pages = 587–603 | date = February 2016 | pmid = 26794078 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00837-5 | bibcode = 2016Lanc..387..587L | doi-access = free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Risk factors dey include a mommie ein age over 35, smoking, drug use, use of [[assisted reproductive technology]], den first pregnancy.&lt;ref name=NIH2014Risk&gt;{{cite web|title=What are the risk factors for stillbirth?|url=https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stillbirth/topicinfo/risk|website=NICHD|access-date=4 October 2016|date=23 September 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005132231/https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stillbirth/topicinfo/Pages/risk.aspx|archive-date=5 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Stillbirth fi be suspected wen no fetal movement be felt.&lt;ref name=NIH2014Diag/&gt; Confirmation be by [[ultrasound]].&lt;ref name=NIH2014Diag&gt;{{cite web|title=How is stillbirth diagnosed?|url=https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stillbirth/topicinfo/diagnosed|website=NICHD|access-date=4 October 2016|date=23 September 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005131840/https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stillbirth/topicinfo/Pages/diagnosed.aspx|archive-date=5 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Worldwide prevention of chaw stillbirths be possible plus improved health systems.&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;{{Rp|location=Overview tab,}}&lt;ref name=Lancet2016&gt;{{cite journal|title=Ending preventable stillbirths An Executive Summary for The Lancet's Series|journal=The Lancet|date=Jan 2016|url=http://www.thelancet.com/pb/assets/raw/Lancet/stories/series/stillbirths2016-exec-summ.pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt; Around half of stillbirths dey occur during [[childbirth]], plus dis be more common insyd de [[developing world|developing]] dan [[developed world]].&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;{{Rp|location=Info panel,}} Otherwise, dey depend on how far along de pregnancy be, [[induction of labor|medications fi be used to start labor]] anaa a type of surgery dem know as [[dilation and evacuation]] fi be carried out.&lt;ref name=NIH2014Tx&gt;{{cite web|title=How do health care providers manage stillbirth?|url=https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stillbirth/topicinfo/managed|website=NICHD|access-date=4 October 2016|date=23 September 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005133645/https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stillbirth/topicinfo/Pages/managed.aspx|archive-date=5 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Following a stillbirth, women be at higher risk of anoda one; however, most subsequent pregnancies no get similar problems.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Stillbirth: Other FAQs|url=https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stillbirth/more_information/other-faqs|website=NICHD|access-date=4 October 2016|date=23 September 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005133552/https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/stillbirth/topicinfo/Pages/questions.aspx|archive-date=5 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Depression (mood)|Depression]], [[Pure economic loss|financial loss]], den [[Marital breakdown|family breakdown]] be known complications.&lt;ref name=Lancet2016/&gt;

Worldwide insyd 2021, na der be an estimated 1.9 million stillbirths wey occur after 28 weeks of pregnancy (about 1 for every 72 births).&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Stillbirths |url=https://data.unicef.org/topic/child-survival/stillbirths/ |access-date=2023-10-25 |website=UNICEF Data |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; More dan three-quarters of estimated stillbirths insyd 2021 occur insyd sub-Saharan Africa den South Asia, plus 47% of de global total insyd sub-Saharan Africa den 32% insyd South Asia.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Stillbirths and stillbirth rates |url=https://data.unicef.org/topic/child-survival/stillbirths/ |access-date=2023-10-31 |website=UNICEF DATA |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Stillbirth rates decline, though more slowly since de 2000s.&lt;ref name=Dra2016&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Lawn JE, Blencowe H, Waiswa P, Amouzou A, Mathers C, Hogan D, Flenady V, Frøen JF, Qureshi ZU, Calderwood C, Shiekh S, Jassir FB, You D, McClure EM, Mathai M, Cousens S | display-authors = 6 | title = Stillbirths: rates, risk factors, and acceleration towards 2030 | journal = Lancet | volume = 387 | issue = 10018 | pages = 587–603 | date = February 2016 | pmid = 26794078 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00837-5 | bibcode = 2016Lanc..387..587L | doi-access = free }}&lt;/ref&gt; According to UNICEF, de total number of stillbirths decline by 35%, from 2.9 million insyd 2000 to 1.9 million insyd 2021.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; E be estimated say if de stillbirth rate for each country stay at de 2021 level, 17.5 million babies go be stillborn.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;
== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;

== External links ==
{{Commons}}
* G. J. Barker-Benfield, &quot;Stillbirth and Sensibility The Case of Abigail and John Adams&quot;, ''Early American Studies, An Interdisciplinary Journal,'' Spring 2012, Vol. 10 Issue 1, pp 2–29.
* [https://www.thelancet.com/series/ending-preventable-stillbirths Lancet series on stillbirth 2016]
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Stillbirth| ]]
[[Category:Pathology of pregnancy, childbirth den de puerperium]]
[[Category:Fertility]]
[[Category:Medical aspects of death]]
[[Category:Midwifery]]</text>
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'''Phentermine''', dem sell under de brand name '''Adipex-P''' among odas, be a [[medication]] dem use togeda plus diet den exercise to treat [[obesity]].&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2019&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Phentermine Monograph for Professionals |url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/phentermine.html |access-date=13 April 2019 |website=Drugs.com |publisher=American Society of Health-System Pharmacists}}&lt;/ref&gt; E be available by einself anaa as de combination phentermine/topiramate.&lt;ref name=&quot;MTM2019&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Phentermine and topiramate Uses, Side Effects &amp; Warnings |url=https://www.drugs.com/mtm/phentermine-and-topiramate.html |access-date=13 April 2019 |website=Drugs.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dem dey take phentermine by mouth.&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2019&quot; /&gt;

== References ==</text>
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'''Phentermine''', dem sell under de brand name '''Adipex-P''' among odas, be a [[medication]] dem use togeda plus diet den exercise to treat [[obesity]].&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2019&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Phentermine Monograph for Professionals |url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/phentermine.html |access-date=13 April 2019 |website=Drugs.com |publisher=American Society of Health-System Pharmacists}}&lt;/ref&gt; E be available by einself anaa as de combination phentermine/topiramate.&lt;ref name=&quot;MTM2019&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Phentermine and topiramate Uses, Side Effects &amp; Warnings |url=https://www.drugs.com/mtm/phentermine-and-topiramate.html |access-date=13 April 2019 |website=Drugs.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dem dey take phentermine by mouth.&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2019&quot; /&gt;

Common [[side effect]]s dey include a [[Tachycardia|fast heart beat]], [[high blood pressure]], [[trouble sleeping]], [[dizziness]], den [[Psychomotor agitation|restlessness]].&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2019&quot; /&gt; Serious side effects fi include [[substance abuse|abuse]], buh no dey include [[pulmonary hypertension]] anaa [[valvular heart disease]], as de latter complications be caused by de [[fenfluramine]] component of de &quot;[[Fenfluramine/phentermine|fen-phen]]&quot; combination.&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2019&quot; /&gt; Phentermine be a [[norepinephrine–dopamine releasing agent|norepinephrine and dopamine releasing agent]] (NDRA) den dey produce [[stimulant]], [[euphoriant|rewarding]], den [[appetite suppressant]] effects. Chemically, e be a [[substituted amphetamine]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Hag2012&quot;&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Hagel JM, Krizevski R, Marsolais F, Lewinsohn E, Facchini PJ | title = Biosynthesis of amphetamine analogs in plants | journal = Trends in Plant Science | volume = 17 | issue = 7 | pages = 404–412 | date = July 2012 | pmid = 22502775 | doi = 10.1016/j.tplants.2012.03.004 | bibcode = 2012TPS....17..404H }}&lt;/ref&gt;
== References ==

&lt;references /&gt;

== References ==</text>
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'''Phentermine''', dem sell under de brand name '''Adipex-P''' among odas, be a [[medication]] dem use togeda plus diet den exercise to treat [[obesity]].&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2019&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Phentermine Monograph for Professionals |url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/phentermine.html |access-date=13 April 2019 |website=Drugs.com |publisher=American Society of Health-System Pharmacists}}&lt;/ref&gt; E be available by einself anaa as de combination phentermine/topiramate.&lt;ref name=&quot;MTM2019&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Phentermine and topiramate Uses, Side Effects &amp; Warnings |url=https://www.drugs.com/mtm/phentermine-and-topiramate.html |access-date=13 April 2019 |website=Drugs.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dem dey take phentermine by mouth.&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2019&quot; /&gt;

Common [[side effect]]s dey include a [[Tachycardia|fast heart beat]], [[high blood pressure]], [[trouble sleeping]], [[dizziness]], den [[Psychomotor agitation|restlessness]].&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2019&quot; /&gt; Serious side effects fi include [[substance abuse|abuse]], buh no dey include [[pulmonary hypertension]] anaa [[valvular heart disease]], as de latter complications be caused by de [[fenfluramine]] component of de &quot;[[Fenfluramine/phentermine|fen-phen]]&quot; combination.&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2019&quot; /&gt; Phentermine be a [[norepinephrine–dopamine releasing agent|norepinephrine and dopamine releasing agent]] (NDRA) den dey produce [[stimulant]], [[euphoriant|rewarding]], den [[appetite suppressant]] effects..&lt;ref name=&quot;RothmanBaumann2003&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |vauthors=Rothman RB, Baumann MH |date=October 2003 |title=Monoamine transporters and psychostimulant drugs |url= |journal=European Journal of Pharmacology |volume=479 |issue=1–3 |pages=23–40 |doi=10.1016/j.ejphar.2003.08.054 |pmid=14612135}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;RothmanBaumann2006&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |vauthors=Rothman RB, Baumann MH |date=2006 |title=Therapeutic potential of monoamine transporter substrates |url= |journal=Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry |volume=6 |issue=17 |pages=1845–1859 |doi=10.2174/156802606778249766 |pmid=17017961}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;RothmanBaumann2000&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |vauthors=Rothman RB, Baumann MH |date=2000 |title=Neurochemical mechanisms of phentermine and fenfluramine: Therapeutic and adverse effects |journal=Drug Development Research |volume=51 |issue=2 |pages=52–65 |doi=10.1002/1098-2299(200010)51:2&lt;52::AID-DDR2&gt;3.0.CO;2-H |issn=0272-4391}}&lt;/ref&gt; Chemically, e be a [[substituted amphetamine]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Hag2012&quot;&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Hagel JM, Krizevski R, Marsolais F, Lewinsohn E, Facchini PJ | title = Biosynthesis of amphetamine analogs in plants | journal = Trends in Plant Science | volume = 17 | issue = 7 | pages = 404–412 | date = July 2012 | pmid = 22502775 | doi = 10.1016/j.tplants.2012.03.004 | bibcode = 2012TPS....17..404H }}&lt;/ref&gt;
== References ==

&lt;references /&gt;

== References ==</text>
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'''Phentermine''', dem sell under de brand name '''Adipex-P''' among odas, be a [[medication]] dem use togeda plus diet den exercise to treat [[obesity]].&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2019&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Phentermine Monograph for Professionals |url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/phentermine.html |access-date=13 April 2019 |website=Drugs.com |publisher=American Society of Health-System Pharmacists}}&lt;/ref&gt; E be available by einself anaa as de combination phentermine/topiramate.&lt;ref name=&quot;MTM2019&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Phentermine and topiramate Uses, Side Effects &amp; Warnings |url=https://www.drugs.com/mtm/phentermine-and-topiramate.html |access-date=13 April 2019 |website=Drugs.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dem dey take phentermine by mouth.&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2019&quot; /&gt;

Common [[side effect]]s dey include a [[Tachycardia|fast heart beat]], [[high blood pressure]], [[trouble sleeping]], [[dizziness]], den [[Psychomotor agitation|restlessness]].&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2019&quot; /&gt; Serious side effects fi include [[substance abuse|abuse]], buh no dey include [[pulmonary hypertension]] anaa [[valvular heart disease]], as de latter complications be caused by de [[fenfluramine]] component of de &quot;[[Fenfluramine/phentermine|fen-phen]]&quot; combination.&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2019&quot; /&gt; Phentermine be a [[norepinephrine–dopamine releasing agent|norepinephrine and dopamine releasing agent]] (NDRA) den dey produce [[stimulant]], [[euphoriant|rewarding]], den [[appetite suppressant]] effects..&lt;ref name=&quot;RothmanBaumann2003&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |vauthors=Rothman RB, Baumann MH |date=October 2003 |title=Monoamine transporters and psychostimulant drugs |url= |journal=European Journal of Pharmacology |volume=479 |issue=1–3 |pages=23–40 |doi=10.1016/j.ejphar.2003.08.054 |pmid=14612135}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;RothmanBaumann2006&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |vauthors=Rothman RB, Baumann MH |date=2006 |title=Therapeutic potential of monoamine transporter substrates |url= |journal=Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry |volume=6 |issue=17 |pages=1845–1859 |doi=10.2174/156802606778249766 |pmid=17017961}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;RothmanBaumann2000&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |vauthors=Rothman RB, Baumann MH |date=2000 |title=Neurochemical mechanisms of phentermine and fenfluramine: Therapeutic and adverse effects |journal=Drug Development Research |volume=51 |issue=2 |pages=52–65 |doi=10.1002/1098-2299(200010)51:2&lt;52::AID-DDR2&gt;3.0.CO;2-H |issn=0272-4391}}&lt;/ref&gt; Chemically, e be a [[substituted amphetamine]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Hag2012&quot;&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Hagel JM, Krizevski R, Marsolais F, Lewinsohn E, Facchini PJ | title = Biosynthesis of amphetamine analogs in plants | journal = Trends in Plant Science | volume = 17 | issue = 7 | pages = 404–412 | date = July 2012 | pmid = 22502775 | doi = 10.1016/j.tplants.2012.03.004 | bibcode = 2012TPS....17..404H }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Na phentermine be approved for medical use insyd de [[United States]] insyd 1959.&lt;ref name=AHFS2019&gt;{{cite web |title=Phentermine Monograph for Professionals |url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/phentermine.html |website=Drugs.com |publisher=American Society of Health-System Pharmacists |access-date=13 April 2019 }}&lt;/ref&gt; E be available as a [[generic medication]].&lt;ref name=AHFS2019/&gt; Insyd 2023, na e be de 168th most commonly prescribed medication insyd de United States, plus more dan 3{{nbsp}}million prescriptions.&lt;ref name=&quot;Top 300&quot;&gt;{{cite web | title=Top 300 of 2023 | url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx | website=ClinCalc | access-date=12 August 2025 | archive-date=12 August 2025 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250812130026/https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx | url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | title = Phentermine Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2014 - 2023 | website = ClinCalc | url = https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/Phentermine | access-date = 19 August 2025 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Na dem withdraw phentermine from de market insyd de [[United Kingdom]] insyd 2000, while de [[combination medication]] [[fen-phen]], of wich na e be a part, na dem withdraw from de market insyd 1997, secof side effects of fenfluramine.&lt;ref name=Bag2012&gt;{{cite book | vauthors = Bagchi D, Preuss HG | date = 2012 | title = Obesity: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Prevention | publisher = CRC Press | edition = Second | page = 314 | isbn = 978-1-4398-5425-9 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=pvE3I22KhNoC&amp;pg=PA314 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;

== References ==</text>
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'''Phentermine''', dem sell under de brand name '''Adipex-P''' among odas, be a [[medication]] dem use togeda plus diet den exercise to treat [[obesity]].&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2019&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Phentermine Monograph for Professionals |url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/phentermine.html |access-date=13 April 2019 |website=Drugs.com |publisher=American Society of Health-System Pharmacists}}&lt;/ref&gt; E be available by einself anaa as de combination phentermine/topiramate.&lt;ref name=&quot;MTM2019&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Phentermine and topiramate Uses, Side Effects &amp; Warnings |url=https://www.drugs.com/mtm/phentermine-and-topiramate.html |access-date=13 April 2019 |website=Drugs.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dem dey take phentermine by mouth.&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2019&quot; /&gt;

Common [[side effect]]s dey include a [[Tachycardia|fast heart beat]], [[high blood pressure]], [[trouble sleeping]], [[dizziness]], den [[Psychomotor agitation|restlessness]].&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2019&quot; /&gt; Serious side effects fi include [[substance abuse|abuse]], buh no dey include [[pulmonary hypertension]] anaa [[valvular heart disease]], as de latter complications be caused by de [[fenfluramine]] component of de &quot;[[Fenfluramine/phentermine|fen-phen]]&quot; combination.&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2019&quot; /&gt; Phentermine be a [[norepinephrine–dopamine releasing agent|norepinephrine and dopamine releasing agent]] (NDRA) den dey produce [[stimulant]], [[euphoriant|rewarding]], den [[appetite suppressant]] effects..&lt;ref name=&quot;RothmanBaumann2003&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |vauthors=Rothman RB, Baumann MH |date=October 2003 |title=Monoamine transporters and psychostimulant drugs |url= |journal=European Journal of Pharmacology |volume=479 |issue=1–3 |pages=23–40 |doi=10.1016/j.ejphar.2003.08.054 |pmid=14612135}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;RothmanBaumann2006&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |vauthors=Rothman RB, Baumann MH |date=2006 |title=Therapeutic potential of monoamine transporter substrates |url= |journal=Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry |volume=6 |issue=17 |pages=1845–1859 |doi=10.2174/156802606778249766 |pmid=17017961}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;RothmanBaumann2000&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |vauthors=Rothman RB, Baumann MH |date=2000 |title=Neurochemical mechanisms of phentermine and fenfluramine: Therapeutic and adverse effects |journal=Drug Development Research |volume=51 |issue=2 |pages=52–65 |doi=10.1002/1098-2299(200010)51:2&lt;52::AID-DDR2&gt;3.0.CO;2-H |issn=0272-4391}}&lt;/ref&gt; Chemically, e be a [[substituted amphetamine]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Hag2012&quot;&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Hagel JM, Krizevski R, Marsolais F, Lewinsohn E, Facchini PJ | title = Biosynthesis of amphetamine analogs in plants | journal = Trends in Plant Science | volume = 17 | issue = 7 | pages = 404–412 | date = July 2012 | pmid = 22502775 | doi = 10.1016/j.tplants.2012.03.004 | bibcode = 2012TPS....17..404H }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Na phentermine be approved for medical use insyd de [[United States]] insyd 1959.&lt;ref name=AHFS2019&gt;{{cite web |title=Phentermine Monograph for Professionals |url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/phentermine.html |website=Drugs.com |publisher=American Society of Health-System Pharmacists |access-date=13 April 2019 }}&lt;/ref&gt; E be available as a [[generic medication]].&lt;ref name=AHFS2019/&gt; Insyd 2023, na e be de 168th most commonly prescribed medication insyd de United States, plus more dan 3{{nbsp}}million prescriptions.&lt;ref name=&quot;Top 300&quot;&gt;{{cite web | title=Top 300 of 2023 | url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx | website=ClinCalc | access-date=12 August 2025 | archive-date=12 August 2025 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250812130026/https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx | url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | title = Phentermine Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2014 - 2023 | website = ClinCalc | url = https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/Phentermine | access-date = 19 August 2025 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Na dem withdraw phentermine from de market insyd de [[United Kingdom]] insyd 2000, while de [[combination medication]] [[fen-phen]], of wich na e be a part, na dem withdraw from de market insyd 1997, secof side effects of fenfluramine.&lt;ref name=Bag2012&gt;{{cite book | vauthors = Bagchi D, Preuss HG | date = 2012 | title = Obesity: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Prevention | publisher = CRC Press | edition = Second | page = 314 | isbn = 978-1-4398-5425-9 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=pvE3I22KhNoC&amp;pg=PA314 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
==Society den culture==
===Etymology===
De term ''phentermine'' be contracted from [[phenyl|&lt;u&gt;phen&lt;/u&gt;yl]]-[[Butyl#Nomenclature|&lt;u&gt;ter&lt;/u&gt;tiary-butyl]] [[amine|a&lt;u&gt;mine&lt;/u&gt;]].

=== Brand names ===
Phentermine be sold under chaw brand names den formulations worldwide, wey dey include Acxion, Adipex, Adipex-P, Duromine, Elvenir, Fastin, Ionamin, Lomaira (phentermine hydrochloride), Panbesy, Qsymia (phentermine den topiramate), Razin, Redusa, Sentis, Suprenza, den Terfamex.&lt;ref name=drugs.com&gt;{{cite web|title=International brands for phentermine|url=https://www.drugs.com/international/phentermine.html|publisher=Drugs.com|access-date=13 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
== References ==</text>
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'''Phentermine''', dem sell under de brand name '''Adipex-P''' among odas, be a [[medication]] dem use togeda plus diet den exercise to treat [[obesity]].&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2019&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Phentermine Monograph for Professionals |url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/phentermine.html |access-date=13 April 2019 |website=Drugs.com |publisher=American Society of Health-System Pharmacists}}&lt;/ref&gt; E be available by einself anaa as de combination phentermine/topiramate.&lt;ref name=&quot;MTM2019&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Phentermine and topiramate Uses, Side Effects &amp; Warnings |url=https://www.drugs.com/mtm/phentermine-and-topiramate.html |access-date=13 April 2019 |website=Drugs.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dem dey take phentermine by mouth.&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2019&quot; /&gt;

Common [[side effect]]s dey include a [[Tachycardia|fast heart beat]], [[high blood pressure]], [[trouble sleeping]], [[dizziness]], den [[Psychomotor agitation|restlessness]].&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2019&quot; /&gt; Serious side effects fi include [[substance abuse|abuse]], buh no dey include [[pulmonary hypertension]] anaa [[valvular heart disease]], as de latter complications be caused by de [[fenfluramine]] component of de &quot;[[Fenfluramine/phentermine|fen-phen]]&quot; combination.&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2019&quot; /&gt; Phentermine be a [[norepinephrine–dopamine releasing agent|norepinephrine and dopamine releasing agent]] (NDRA) den dey produce [[stimulant]], [[euphoriant|rewarding]], den [[appetite suppressant]] effects..&lt;ref name=&quot;RothmanBaumann2003&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |vauthors=Rothman RB, Baumann MH |date=October 2003 |title=Monoamine transporters and psychostimulant drugs |url= |journal=European Journal of Pharmacology |volume=479 |issue=1–3 |pages=23–40 |doi=10.1016/j.ejphar.2003.08.054 |pmid=14612135}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;RothmanBaumann2006&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |vauthors=Rothman RB, Baumann MH |date=2006 |title=Therapeutic potential of monoamine transporter substrates |url= |journal=Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry |volume=6 |issue=17 |pages=1845–1859 |doi=10.2174/156802606778249766 |pmid=17017961}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;RothmanBaumann2000&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |vauthors=Rothman RB, Baumann MH |date=2000 |title=Neurochemical mechanisms of phentermine and fenfluramine: Therapeutic and adverse effects |journal=Drug Development Research |volume=51 |issue=2 |pages=52–65 |doi=10.1002/1098-2299(200010)51:2&lt;52::AID-DDR2&gt;3.0.CO;2-H |issn=0272-4391}}&lt;/ref&gt; Chemically, e be a [[substituted amphetamine]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Hag2012&quot;&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Hagel JM, Krizevski R, Marsolais F, Lewinsohn E, Facchini PJ | title = Biosynthesis of amphetamine analogs in plants | journal = Trends in Plant Science | volume = 17 | issue = 7 | pages = 404–412 | date = July 2012 | pmid = 22502775 | doi = 10.1016/j.tplants.2012.03.004 | bibcode = 2012TPS....17..404H }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Na phentermine be approved for medical use insyd de [[United States]] insyd 1959.&lt;ref name=AHFS2019&gt;{{cite web |title=Phentermine Monograph for Professionals |url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/phentermine.html |website=Drugs.com |publisher=American Society of Health-System Pharmacists |access-date=13 April 2019 }}&lt;/ref&gt; E be available as a [[generic medication]].&lt;ref name=AHFS2019/&gt; Insyd 2023, na e be de 168th most commonly prescribed medication insyd de United States, plus more dan 3{{nbsp}}million prescriptions.&lt;ref name=&quot;Top 300&quot;&gt;{{cite web | title=Top 300 of 2023 | url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx | website=ClinCalc | access-date=12 August 2025 | archive-date=12 August 2025 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250812130026/https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx | url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | title = Phentermine Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2014 - 2023 | website = ClinCalc | url = https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/Phentermine | access-date = 19 August 2025 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Na dem withdraw phentermine from de market insyd de [[United Kingdom]] insyd 2000, while de [[combination medication]] [[fen-phen]], of wich na e be a part, na dem withdraw from de market insyd 1997, secof side effects of fenfluramine.&lt;ref name=Bag2012&gt;{{cite book | vauthors = Bagchi D, Preuss HG | date = 2012 | title = Obesity: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Prevention | publisher = CRC Press | edition = Second | page = 314 | isbn = 978-1-4398-5425-9 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=pvE3I22KhNoC&amp;pg=PA314 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
==Society den culture==
===Etymology===
De term ''phentermine'' be contracted from [[phenyl|&lt;u&gt;phen&lt;/u&gt;yl]]-[[Butyl#Nomenclature|&lt;u&gt;ter&lt;/u&gt;tiary-butyl]] [[amine|a&lt;u&gt;mine&lt;/u&gt;]].

=== Brand names ===
Phentermine be sold under chaw brand names den formulations worldwide, wey dey include Acxion, Adipex, Adipex-P, Duromine, Elvenir, Fastin, Ionamin, Lomaira (phentermine hydrochloride), Panbesy, Qsymia (phentermine den topiramate), Razin, Redusa, Sentis, Suprenza, den Terfamex.&lt;ref name=drugs.com&gt;{{cite web|title=International brands for phentermine|url=https://www.drugs.com/international/phentermine.html|publisher=Drugs.com|access-date=13 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
== External links ==
{{Commons}}
* {{cite web | url = https://telescope.ac/yusleep/phenterminevsphenQ | publisher = International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS) | title = Phentermine }}
* {{cite web | title=Phentermine | publisher=Inxight Drugs | url=https://drugs.ncats.io/substance/C045TQL4WP }}
* {{cite web | title=Phentermine ( Code - C61890 ) | publisher=EVS Explore | url=https://evsexplore.semantics.cancer.gov/evsexplore/concept/ncit/C61890 }}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:5-HT2C agonists]]
[[Category:Amphetamine]]
[[Category:Anorectics]]
[[Category:Anti-obesity drugs]]
[[Category:Carbonic anhydrase activators]]
[[Category:Norepinephrine-dopamine releasing agents]]
[[Category:Phentermines]]
[[Category:TAAR1 agonists]]
[[Category:Withdrawn drugs]]
[[Category:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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    <title>Category:Phentermines</title>
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      <comment>Created by translating the page &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1366236256|Lymphedema]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Lymphedema''' (USA), '''lymphoedema''' (UK)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=29 March 2023 |title=Lymphoedema |url=https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/lymphoedema/ |website=NHS}}&lt;/ref&gt; dem sanso know as '''lymphatic edema''' (US)/'''oedema''' (UK),&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=26 February 2026 |title=Swollen ankles, feet and legs (oedema) |url=https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/oedema/ |website=NHS}}&lt;/ref&gt; be a condition of localized [[Edema|swelling]] wey a compromised lymphatic system cause.&lt;ref name=&quot;Lymphedema Diagnostic workup&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |vauthors=Grada AA, Phillips TJ |date=December 2017 |title=Lymphedema: Diagnostic workup and management |journal=Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology |volume=77 |issue=6 |pages=995–1006 |doi=10.1016/j.jaad.2017.03.021 |pmid=29132859}}&lt;/ref&gt; De lymphatic system dey function as a critical portion of de body ein immune system den dey return interstitial fluid to de bloodstream.

== References ==</text>
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      <comment>Improve article</comment>
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'''Lymphedema''' (USA), '''lymphoedema''' (UK)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=29 March 2023 |title=Lymphoedema |url=https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/lymphoedema/ |website=NHS}}&lt;/ref&gt; dem sanso know as '''lymphatic edema''' (US)/'''oedema''' (UK),&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=26 February 2026 |title=Swollen ankles, feet and legs (oedema) |url=https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/oedema/ |website=NHS}}&lt;/ref&gt; be a condition of localized [[Edema|swelling]] wey a compromised lymphatic system cause.&lt;ref name=&quot;Lymphedema Diagnostic workup&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |vauthors=Grada AA, Phillips TJ |date=December 2017 |title=Lymphedema: Diagnostic workup and management |journal=Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology |volume=77 |issue=6 |pages=995–1006 |doi=10.1016/j.jaad.2017.03.021 |pmid=29132859}}&lt;/ref&gt; De lymphatic system dey function as a critical portion of de body ein immune system den dey return interstitial fluid to de bloodstream.

E frequently dey occur secof [[cancer]] den ein treatment anaa [[parasitic infection]]s ([[lymphatic filariasis]]), buh sanso fi be seen in a number of [[genetic disorder]]s.&lt;ref name=Stat2020/&gt; Risk factors dey include [[obesity]].&lt;ref name=PQI2021/&gt; De underlying mechanism dey involve a cycle of [[inflammation]] den [[fibrosis]].&lt;ref name=Grad2017b/&gt; Diagnosis generally be based on symptoms, after oda potential causes be ruled out.&lt;ref name=Grad2017a/&gt;
== References ==

&lt;references /&gt;

== External links ==</text>
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'''Lymphedema''' (USA), '''lymphoedema''' (UK)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=29 March 2023 |title=Lymphoedema |url=https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/lymphoedema/ |website=NHS}}&lt;/ref&gt; dem sanso know as '''lymphatic edema''' (US)/'''oedema''' (UK),&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=26 February 2026 |title=Swollen ankles, feet and legs (oedema) |url=https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/oedema/ |website=NHS}}&lt;/ref&gt; be a condition of localized [[Edema|swelling]] wey a compromised lymphatic system cause.&lt;ref name=&quot;Lymphedema Diagnostic workup&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |vauthors=Grada AA, Phillips TJ |date=December 2017 |title=Lymphedema: Diagnostic workup and management |journal=Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology |volume=77 |issue=6 |pages=995–1006 |doi=10.1016/j.jaad.2017.03.021 |pmid=29132859}}&lt;/ref&gt; De lymphatic system dey function as a critical portion of de body ein immune system den dey return interstitial fluid to de bloodstream.

E frequently dey occur secof [[cancer]] den ein treatment anaa [[parasitic infection]]s ([[lymphatic filariasis]]), buh sanso fi be seen in a number of [[genetic disorder]]s.&lt;ref name=Stat2020/&gt; Risk factors dey include [[obesity]].&lt;ref name=PQI2021/&gt; De underlying mechanism dey involve a cycle of [[inflammation]] den [[fibrosis]].&lt;ref name=Grad2017b/&gt; Diagnosis generally be based on symptoms, after oda potential causes be ruled out.&lt;ref name=Grad2017a/&gt;

While der no be cure, treatment fi improve outcomes.&lt;ref name=Grad2017a/&gt; Dis commonly dey include compression therapy, good skin care, [[exercise]], den [[manual lymphatic drainage]] (MLD), dem know togeda as combined decongestive therapy.&lt;ref name=Grad2017a/&gt; Exercise sanso fi be useful.&lt;ref name=PQI2021&gt;{{cite web |title=Lymphedema (PDQ®)–Health Professional Version - National Cancer Institute |url=https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/side-effects/lymphedema/lymphedema-hp-pdq |website=www.cancer.gov |access-date=20 February 2021 |language=en |date=30 June 2008 |archive-date=6 April 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150406030241/http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/supportivecare/lymphedema/healthprofessional/page3 |url-status=live }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150406030241/http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/supportivecare/lymphedema/healthprofessional/page3 |date=6 April 2015 }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Diuretic|Diuretics]] no be useful.&lt;ref name=Grad2017a/&gt; Surgery generally be only used insyd those wey no be improved plus oda measures.&lt;ref name=Grad2017a&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Grada AA, Phillips TJ | title = Lymphedema: Diagnostic workup and management | journal = Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology | volume = 77 | issue = 6 | pages = 995–1006 | date = December 2017 | pmid = 29132859 | doi = 10.1016/j.jaad.2017.03.021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;

== External links ==</text>
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'''Lymphedema''' (USA), '''lymphoedema''' (UK)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=29 March 2023 |title=Lymphoedema |url=https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/lymphoedema/ |website=NHS}}&lt;/ref&gt; dem sanso know as '''lymphatic edema''' (US)/'''oedema''' (UK),&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=26 February 2026 |title=Swollen ankles, feet and legs (oedema) |url=https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/oedema/ |website=NHS}}&lt;/ref&gt; be a condition of localized [[Edema|swelling]] wey a compromised lymphatic system cause.&lt;ref name=&quot;Lymphedema Diagnostic workup&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |vauthors=Grada AA, Phillips TJ |date=December 2017 |title=Lymphedema: Diagnostic workup and management |journal=Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology |volume=77 |issue=6 |pages=995–1006 |doi=10.1016/j.jaad.2017.03.021 |pmid=29132859}}&lt;/ref&gt; De lymphatic system dey function as a critical portion of de body ein immune system den dey return interstitial fluid to de bloodstream.

E frequently dey occur secof [[cancer]] den ein treatment anaa [[parasitic infection]]s ([[lymphatic filariasis]]), buh sanso fi be seen in a number of [[genetic disorder]]s.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Citation |last=Nimmana |first=Bala K. |title=Lymphedema |date=2025 |work=StatPearls |url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537239/ |access-date=2026-10-27 |place=Treasure Island (FL) |publisher=StatPearls Publishing |pmid=30725924 |last2=Kimyaghalam |first2=Ali |last3=Manna |first3=Biagio}}&lt;/ref&gt; Risk factors dey include [[obesity]].&lt;ref name=PQI2021/&gt; De underlying mechanism dey involve a cycle of [[inflammation]] den [[fibrosis]].&lt;ref name=Grad2017b/&gt; Diagnosis generally be based on symptoms, after oda potential causes be ruled out.&lt;ref name=Grad2017a/&gt;

While der no be cure, treatment fi improve outcomes.&lt;ref name=Grad2017a/&gt; Dis commonly dey include compression therapy, good skin care, [[exercise]], den [[manual lymphatic drainage]] (MLD), dem know togeda as combined decongestive therapy.&lt;ref name=Grad2017a/&gt; Exercise sanso fi be useful.&lt;ref name=PQI2021&gt;{{cite web |title=Lymphedema (PDQ®)–Health Professional Version - National Cancer Institute |url=https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/side-effects/lymphedema/lymphedema-hp-pdq |website=www.cancer.gov |access-date=20 February 2021 |language=en |date=30 June 2008 |archive-date=6 April 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150406030241/http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/supportivecare/lymphedema/healthprofessional/page3 |url-status=live }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150406030241/http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/supportivecare/lymphedema/healthprofessional/page3 |date=6 April 2015 }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Diuretic|Diuretics]] no be useful.&lt;ref name=Grad2017a/&gt; Surgery generally be only used insyd those wey no be improved plus oda measures.&lt;ref name=Grad2017a&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Grada AA, Phillips TJ | title = Lymphedema: Diagnostic workup and management | journal = Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology | volume = 77 | issue = 6 | pages = 995–1006 | date = December 2017 | pmid = 29132859 | doi = 10.1016/j.jaad.2017.03.021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Lymphedema dey affect approximately 200 million people worldwide.&lt;ref name=Grad2017b&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Grada AA, Phillips TJ | title = Lymphedema: Pathophysiology and clinical manifestations | journal = Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology | volume = 77 | issue = 6 | pages = 1009–1020 | date = December 2017 | pmid = 29132848 | doi = 10.1016/j.jaad.2017.03.022 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Women be more commonly affected dan men.&lt;ref name=Grad2017b/&gt; About 1 insyd 5 women wey survive [[breast cancer]] den 40% of women plus [[gynecologic cancer]] develop lymphedema.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Genetic causes be much less common, wey dey occur insyd about 1 insyd 100,000 people.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Na de condition be described thru out [[ancient history]].&lt;ref name=Ty2-16&gt;{{cite book |last1=Tyring |first1=Steven K. |last2=Lupi |first2=Omar |last3=Hengge |first3=Ulrich R. |title=Tropical Dermatology E-Book |date=2016 |publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences |isbn=978-0-323-33914-8 |page=57 |url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=_GdjDQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA57 |language=en |access-date=2021-02-20 |archive-date=2021-08-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210828152809/https://books.google.ca/books?id=_GdjDQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA57 |url-status=live }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221016170440/https://books.google.ca/books?id=_GdjDQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA57 |date=2022-10-16 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;

== External links ==</text>
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'''Lymphedema''' (USA), '''lymphoedema''' (UK)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=29 March 2023 |title=Lymphoedema |url=https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/lymphoedema/ |website=NHS}}&lt;/ref&gt; dem sanso know as '''lymphatic edema''' (US)/'''oedema''' (UK),&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=26 February 2026 |title=Swollen ankles, feet and legs (oedema) |url=https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/oedema/ |website=NHS}}&lt;/ref&gt; be a condition of localized [[Edema|swelling]] wey a compromised lymphatic system cause.&lt;ref name=&quot;Lymphedema Diagnostic workup&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |vauthors=Grada AA, Phillips TJ |date=December 2017 |title=Lymphedema: Diagnostic workup and management |journal=Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology |volume=77 |issue=6 |pages=995–1006 |doi=10.1016/j.jaad.2017.03.021 |pmid=29132859}}&lt;/ref&gt; De lymphatic system dey function as a critical portion of de body ein immune system den dey return interstitial fluid to de bloodstream.

E frequently dey occur secof [[cancer]] den ein treatment anaa [[parasitic infection]]s ([[lymphatic filariasis]]), buh sanso fi be seen in a number of [[genetic disorder]]s.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Citation |last=Nimmana |first=Bala K. |title=Lymphedema |date=2025 |work=StatPearls |url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537239/ |access-date=2026-10-27 |place=Treasure Island (FL) |publisher=StatPearls Publishing |pmid=30725924 |last2=Kimyaghalam |first2=Ali |last3=Manna |first3=Biagio}}&lt;/ref&gt; Risk factors dey include [[obesity]].&lt;ref name=PQI2021/&gt; De underlying mechanism dey involve a cycle of [[inflammation]] den [[fibrosis]].&lt;ref name=Grad2017b/&gt; Diagnosis generally be based on symptoms, after oda potential causes be ruled out.&lt;ref name=Grad2017a/&gt;

While der no be cure, treatment fi improve outcomes.&lt;ref name=Grad2017a/&gt; Dis commonly dey include compression therapy, good skin care, [[exercise]], den [[manual lymphatic drainage]] (MLD), dem know togeda as combined decongestive therapy.&lt;ref name=Grad2017a/&gt; Exercise sanso fi be useful.&lt;ref name=PQI2021&gt;{{cite web |title=Lymphedema (PDQ®)–Health Professional Version - National Cancer Institute |url=https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/side-effects/lymphedema/lymphedema-hp-pdq |website=www.cancer.gov |access-date=20 February 2021 |language=en |date=30 June 2008 |archive-date=6 April 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150406030241/http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/supportivecare/lymphedema/healthprofessional/page3 |url-status=live }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150406030241/http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/supportivecare/lymphedema/healthprofessional/page3 |date=6 April 2015 }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Diuretic|Diuretics]] no be useful.&lt;ref name=Grad2017a/&gt; Surgery generally be only used insyd those wey no be improved plus oda measures.&lt;ref name=Grad2017a&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Grada AA, Phillips TJ | title = Lymphedema: Diagnostic workup and management | journal = Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology | volume = 77 | issue = 6 | pages = 995–1006 | date = December 2017 | pmid = 29132859 | doi = 10.1016/j.jaad.2017.03.021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Lymphedema dey affect approximately 200 million people worldwide.&lt;ref name=Grad2017b&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Grada AA, Phillips TJ | title = Lymphedema: Pathophysiology and clinical manifestations | journal = Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology | volume = 77 | issue = 6 | pages = 1009–1020 | date = December 2017 | pmid = 29132848 | doi = 10.1016/j.jaad.2017.03.022 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Women be more commonly affected dan men.&lt;ref name=Grad2017b/&gt; About 1 insyd 5 women wey survive [[breast cancer]] den 40% of women plus [[gynecologic cancer]] develop lymphedema.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Genetic causes be much less common, wey dey occur insyd about 1 insyd 100,000 people.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Na de condition be described thru out [[ancient history]].&lt;ref name=Ty2-16&gt;{{cite book |last1=Tyring |first1=Steven K. |last2=Lupi |first2=Omar |last3=Hengge |first3=Ulrich R. |title=Tropical Dermatology E-Book |date=2016 |publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences |isbn=978-0-323-33914-8 |page=57 |url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=_GdjDQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA57 |language=en |access-date=2021-02-20 |archive-date=2021-08-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210828152809/https://books.google.ca/books?id=_GdjDQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA57 |url-status=live }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221016170440/https://books.google.ca/books?id=_GdjDQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA57 |date=2022-10-16 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;

== External links ==
{{Commons category}}

[[Category:Diseases of veins, lymphatic vessels den lymph nodes]]
[[Category:Lymphatic vessel diseases]]
[[Category:Parasitic diseases]]
[[Category:Radiation health effects]]</text>
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    <title>Category:Parasitic diseases</title>
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      <comment>Created by translating the page &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1381284381|Phenylketonuria]]&quot;</comment>
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'''Phenylketonuria''' ('''PKU''') be an inborn error of metabolism wey dey result in decreased metabolism of de amino acid phenylalanine.&lt;ref name=&quot;Al2015&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |vauthors=Al Hafid N, Christodoulou J |date=October 2015 |title=Phenylketonuria: a review of current and future treatments |journal=Translational Pediatrics |volume=4 |issue=4 |pages=304–17 |doi=10.3978/j.issn.2224-4336.2015.10.07 |pmc=4728993 |pmid=26835392}}&lt;/ref&gt; Untreated PKU fi lead to [[intellectual disability]], [[Epileptic seizure|seizures]], behavioral problems, den [[Mental disorder|mental disorders]].&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=September 8, 2016 |title=phenylketonuria |url=https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/phenylketonuria/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160727233812/https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/phenylketonuria |archive-date=27 July 2016 |access-date=12 September 2016 |website=Genetics Home Reference}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |vauthors=Cannon Homaei S, Barone H, Kleppe R, Betari N, Reif A, Haavik J |date=November 2021 |title=ADHD symptoms in neurometabolic diseases: Underlying mechanisms and clinical implications |journal=[[Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews]] |volume=132 |pages=838–856 |doi=10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.11.012 |hdl=11250/2833487 |pmid=34774900 |s2cid=243983688 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; E sanso fi result in a musty smell den lighter skin.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2016&quot; /&gt; A baby born to a mommie wey get poorly treated PKU fi get heart problems, a small head, den low birth weight.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2016&quot; /&gt;
[[Category:Short description is different from Wikidata]]
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'''Phenylketonuria''' ('''PKU''') be an inborn error of metabolism wey dey result in decreased metabolism of de amino acid phenylalanine.&lt;ref name=&quot;Al2015&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |vauthors=Al Hafid N, Christodoulou J |date=October 2015 |title=Phenylketonuria: a review of current and future treatments |journal=Translational Pediatrics |volume=4 |issue=4 |pages=304–17 |doi=10.3978/j.issn.2224-4336.2015.10.07 |pmc=4728993 |pmid=26835392}}&lt;/ref&gt; Untreated PKU fi lead to [[intellectual disability]], [[Epileptic seizure|seizures]], behavioral problems, den [[Mental disorder|mental disorders]].&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=September 8, 2016 |title=phenylketonuria |url=https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/phenylketonuria/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160727233812/https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/phenylketonuria |archive-date=27 July 2016 |access-date=12 September 2016 |website=Genetics Home Reference}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |vauthors=Cannon Homaei S, Barone H, Kleppe R, Betari N, Reif A, Haavik J |date=November 2021 |title=ADHD symptoms in neurometabolic diseases: Underlying mechanisms and clinical implications |journal=[[Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews]] |volume=132 |pages=838–856 |doi=10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.11.012 |hdl=11250/2833487 |pmid=34774900 |s2cid=243983688 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; E sanso fi result in a musty smell den lighter skin.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2016&quot; /&gt; A baby born to a mommie wey get poorly treated PKU fi get heart problems, a small head, den low birth weight.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2016&quot; /&gt;

Phenylketonuria be an [[Heredity|inherited]] genetic disorder. E be caused by mutations insyd de ''[[PAH gene|PAH]]'' gene, wich fi result in inefficient anaa nonfunctional [[phenylalanine hydroxylase]], an [[enzyme]] responsible for de metabolism of excess phenylalanine. Dis dey result in de buildup of dietary phenylalanine to potentially toxic levels. E be [[autosomal recessive]], wey dey mean say both copies of de gene for be mutated for de condition to develop. De two main types be classic PKU den variant PKU, wey dey depend on whether any enzyme function remain. Those plus one copy of a mutated gene typically no get symptoms.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=September 8, 2016 |title=phenylketonuria |url=https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/phenylketonuria/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160727233812/https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/phenylketonuria |archive-date=27 July 2016 |access-date=12 September 2016 |website=Genetics Home Reference}}&lt;/ref&gt; Chaw countries get [[newborn screening program]]s for de disease.&lt;ref name=Al2015/&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;

== External links ==</text>
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'''Phenylketonuria''' ('''PKU''') be an inborn error of metabolism wey dey result in decreased metabolism of de amino acid phenylalanine.&lt;ref name=&quot;Al2015&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |vauthors=Al Hafid N, Christodoulou J |date=October 2015 |title=Phenylketonuria: a review of current and future treatments |journal=Translational Pediatrics |volume=4 |issue=4 |pages=304–17 |doi=10.3978/j.issn.2224-4336.2015.10.07 |pmc=4728993 |pmid=26835392}}&lt;/ref&gt; Untreated PKU fi lead to [[intellectual disability]], [[Epileptic seizure|seizures]], behavioral problems, den [[Mental disorder|mental disorders]].&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=September 8, 2016 |title=phenylketonuria |url=https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/phenylketonuria/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160727233812/https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/phenylketonuria |archive-date=27 July 2016 |access-date=12 September 2016 |website=Genetics Home Reference}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |vauthors=Cannon Homaei S, Barone H, Kleppe R, Betari N, Reif A, Haavik J |date=November 2021 |title=ADHD symptoms in neurometabolic diseases: Underlying mechanisms and clinical implications |journal=[[Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews]] |volume=132 |pages=838–856 |doi=10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.11.012 |hdl=11250/2833487 |pmid=34774900 |s2cid=243983688 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; E sanso fi result in a musty smell den lighter skin.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2016&quot; /&gt; A baby born to a mommie wey get poorly treated PKU fi get heart problems, a small head, den low birth weight.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2016&quot; /&gt;

Phenylketonuria be an [[Heredity|inherited]] genetic disorder. E be caused by mutations insyd de ''[[PAH gene|PAH]]'' gene, wich fi result in inefficient anaa nonfunctional [[phenylalanine hydroxylase]], an [[enzyme]] responsible for de metabolism of excess phenylalanine. Dis dey result in de buildup of dietary phenylalanine to potentially toxic levels. E be [[autosomal recessive]], wey dey mean say both copies of de gene for be mutated for de condition to develop. De two main types be classic PKU den variant PKU, wey dey depend on whether any enzyme function remain. Those plus one copy of a mutated gene typically no get symptoms.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=September 8, 2016 |title=phenylketonuria |url=https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/phenylketonuria/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160727233812/https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/phenylketonuria |archive-date=27 July 2016 |access-date=12 September 2016 |website=Genetics Home Reference}}&lt;/ref&gt; Chaw countries get [[newborn screening program]]s for de disease.&lt;ref name=Al2015/&gt;

Treatment be plus a diet low insyd chows wey dey contain phenylalanine den dey include special supplements. Babies for use a special [[infant formula|formula]] plus a small amount of [[breast milk]]. De diet for begin as soon as possible after birth den continue for life.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2013Tx&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2013-08-23 |title=What are common treatments for phenylketonuria (PKU)? |url=https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/pku/conditioninfo/treatments |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005121620/https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/pku/conditioninfo/Pages/treatments.aspx |archive-date=5 October 2016 |access-date=12 September 2016 |website=NICHD}}&lt;/ref&gt; People wey be diagnosed early den maintain a strict diet fi get normal health den a normal [[Longevity|lifespan]]. Effectiveness be monitored thru periodic blood tests.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2000&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=October 16–18, 2000 |title=National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference Statement Phenylketonuria: Screening and Management |url=https://www.nichd.nih.gov/publications/pubs/pku/sub3 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005002837/https://www.nichd.nih.gov/publications/pubs/pku/pages/sub3.aspx |archive-date=5 October 2016 |access-date=12 September 2016 |website=NICHD}}&lt;/ref&gt; De medication [[sapropterin dihydrochloride]] fi be useful insyd sam.&lt;ref name=NIH2013Tx/&gt;
== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;

== External links ==</text>
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'''Phenylketonuria''' ('''PKU''') be an inborn error of metabolism wey dey result in decreased metabolism of de amino acid phenylalanine.&lt;ref name=&quot;Al2015&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |vauthors=Al Hafid N, Christodoulou J |date=October 2015 |title=Phenylketonuria: a review of current and future treatments |journal=Translational Pediatrics |volume=4 |issue=4 |pages=304–17 |doi=10.3978/j.issn.2224-4336.2015.10.07 |pmc=4728993 |pmid=26835392}}&lt;/ref&gt; Untreated PKU fi lead to [[intellectual disability]], [[Epileptic seizure|seizures]], behavioral problems, den [[Mental disorder|mental disorders]].&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=September 8, 2016 |title=phenylketonuria |url=https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/phenylketonuria/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160727233812/https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/phenylketonuria |archive-date=27 July 2016 |access-date=12 September 2016 |website=Genetics Home Reference}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |vauthors=Cannon Homaei S, Barone H, Kleppe R, Betari N, Reif A, Haavik J |date=November 2021 |title=ADHD symptoms in neurometabolic diseases: Underlying mechanisms and clinical implications |journal=[[Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews]] |volume=132 |pages=838–856 |doi=10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.11.012 |hdl=11250/2833487 |pmid=34774900 |s2cid=243983688 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; E sanso fi result in a musty smell den lighter skin.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2016&quot; /&gt; A baby born to a mommie wey get poorly treated PKU fi get heart problems, a small head, den low birth weight.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2016&quot; /&gt;

Phenylketonuria be an [[Heredity|inherited]] genetic disorder. E be caused by mutations insyd de ''[[PAH gene|PAH]]'' gene, wich fi result in inefficient anaa nonfunctional [[phenylalanine hydroxylase]], an [[enzyme]] responsible for de metabolism of excess phenylalanine. Dis dey result in de buildup of dietary phenylalanine to potentially toxic levels. E be [[autosomal recessive]], wey dey mean say both copies of de gene for be mutated for de condition to develop. De two main types be classic PKU den variant PKU, wey dey depend on whether any enzyme function remain. Those plus one copy of a mutated gene typically no get symptoms.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=September 8, 2016 |title=phenylketonuria |url=https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/phenylketonuria/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160727233812/https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/phenylketonuria |archive-date=27 July 2016 |access-date=12 September 2016 |website=Genetics Home Reference}}&lt;/ref&gt; Chaw countries get [[newborn screening program]]s for de disease.&lt;ref name=Al2015/&gt;

Treatment be plus a diet low insyd chows wey dey contain phenylalanine den dey include special supplements. Babies for use a special [[infant formula|formula]] plus a small amount of [[breast milk]]. De diet for begin as soon as possible after birth den continue for life.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2013Tx&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2013-08-23 |title=What are common treatments for phenylketonuria (PKU)? |url=https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/pku/conditioninfo/treatments |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005121620/https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/pku/conditioninfo/Pages/treatments.aspx |archive-date=5 October 2016 |access-date=12 September 2016 |website=NICHD}}&lt;/ref&gt; People wey be diagnosed early den maintain a strict diet fi get normal health den a normal [[Longevity|lifespan]]. Effectiveness be monitored thru periodic blood tests.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2000&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=October 16–18, 2000 |title=National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference Statement Phenylketonuria: Screening and Management |url=https://www.nichd.nih.gov/publications/pubs/pku/sub3 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005002837/https://www.nichd.nih.gov/publications/pubs/pku/pages/sub3.aspx |archive-date=5 October 2016 |access-date=12 September 2016 |website=NICHD}}&lt;/ref&gt; De medication [[sapropterin dihydrochloride]] fi be useful insyd sam.&lt;ref name=NIH2013Tx/&gt;

Phenylketonuria dey affect about one insyd 12,000 babies.&lt;ref name=&quot;Bern2015&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last1=Bernstein |first1=Laurie E. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q1LMCQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |title=Nutrition Management of Inherited Metabolic Diseases: Lessons from Metabolic University |last2=Rohr |first2=Fran |last3=Helm |first3=Joanna R. |date=2015 |publisher=Springer |isbn=9783319146218 |page=91 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170911010922/https://books.google.ca/books?id=q1LMCQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |archive-date=2017-09-11 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Males den females be affected equally.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last1=Marcdante |first1=Karen |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hsY0AwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA150 |title=Nelson Essentials of Pediatrics |last2=Kliegman |first2=Robert M. |date=2014 |publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences |isbn=9780323226981 |edition=7 |page=150 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170911010922/https://books.google.ca/books?id=hsY0AwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA150 |archive-date=2017-09-11 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na de disease be discovered insyd 1934 by [[Ivar Asbjørn Følling]], plus de importance of diet dem determine insyd 1935.&lt;ref name=&quot;Kal2010&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last=Kalter |first=Harold |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DykKlVU0V-oC&amp;pg=PA89 |title=Teratology in the Twentieth Century Plus Ten |date=2010 |publisher=Springer Science &amp; Business Media |isbn=9789048188208 |pages=89–92 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170911010922/https://books.google.ca/books?id=DykKlVU0V-oC&amp;pg=PA89 |archive-date=2017-09-11 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; As of 2023, [[Gene therapy|genetic therapies]] wey aim to directly restore liver PAH activity be a promising den active research field.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Martinez |first1=Michael |last2=Harding |first2=Cary O. |last3=Schwank |first3=Gerald |last4=Thöny |first4=Beat |date=January 2024 |title=State-of-the-art 2023 on gene therapy for phenylketonuria |journal=Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease |language=en |volume=47 |issue=1 |pages=80–92 |doi=10.1002/jimd.12651 |issn=0141-8955 |pmc=10764640 |pmid=37401651 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;

== External links ==</text>
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      <comment>Improve article</comment>
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'''Phenylketonuria''' ('''PKU''') be an inborn error of metabolism wey dey result in decreased metabolism of de amino acid phenylalanine.&lt;ref name=&quot;Al2015&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |vauthors=Al Hafid N, Christodoulou J |date=October 2015 |title=Phenylketonuria: a review of current and future treatments |journal=Translational Pediatrics |volume=4 |issue=4 |pages=304–17 |doi=10.3978/j.issn.2224-4336.2015.10.07 |pmc=4728993 |pmid=26835392}}&lt;/ref&gt; Untreated PKU fi lead to [[intellectual disability]], [[Epileptic seizure|seizures]], behavioral problems, den [[Mental disorder|mental disorders]].&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=September 8, 2016 |title=phenylketonuria |url=https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/phenylketonuria/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160727233812/https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/phenylketonuria |archive-date=27 July 2016 |access-date=12 September 2016 |website=Genetics Home Reference}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |vauthors=Cannon Homaei S, Barone H, Kleppe R, Betari N, Reif A, Haavik J |date=November 2021 |title=ADHD symptoms in neurometabolic diseases: Underlying mechanisms and clinical implications |journal=[[Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews]] |volume=132 |pages=838–856 |doi=10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.11.012 |hdl=11250/2833487 |pmid=34774900 |s2cid=243983688 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; E sanso fi result in a musty smell den lighter skin.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2016&quot; /&gt; A baby born to a mommie wey get poorly treated PKU fi get heart problems, a small head, den low birth weight.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2016&quot; /&gt;

Phenylketonuria be an [[Heredity|inherited]] genetic disorder. E be caused by mutations insyd de ''[[PAH gene|PAH]]'' gene, wich fi result in inefficient anaa nonfunctional [[phenylalanine hydroxylase]], an [[enzyme]] responsible for de metabolism of excess phenylalanine. Dis dey result in de buildup of dietary phenylalanine to potentially toxic levels. E be [[autosomal recessive]], wey dey mean say both copies of de gene for be mutated for de condition to develop. De two main types be classic PKU den variant PKU, wey dey depend on whether any enzyme function remain. Those plus one copy of a mutated gene typically no get symptoms.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=September 8, 2016 |title=phenylketonuria |url=https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/phenylketonuria/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160727233812/https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/phenylketonuria |archive-date=27 July 2016 |access-date=12 September 2016 |website=Genetics Home Reference}}&lt;/ref&gt; Chaw countries get [[newborn screening program]]s for de disease.&lt;ref name=Al2015/&gt;

Treatment be plus a diet low insyd chows wey dey contain phenylalanine den dey include special supplements. Babies for use a special [[infant formula|formula]] plus a small amount of [[breast milk]]. De diet for begin as soon as possible after birth den continue for life.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2013Tx&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2013-08-23 |title=What are common treatments for phenylketonuria (PKU)? |url=https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/pku/conditioninfo/treatments |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005121620/https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/pku/conditioninfo/Pages/treatments.aspx |archive-date=5 October 2016 |access-date=12 September 2016 |website=NICHD}}&lt;/ref&gt; People wey be diagnosed early den maintain a strict diet fi get normal health den a normal [[Longevity|lifespan]]. Effectiveness be monitored thru periodic blood tests.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2000&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=October 16–18, 2000 |title=National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference Statement Phenylketonuria: Screening and Management |url=https://www.nichd.nih.gov/publications/pubs/pku/sub3 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005002837/https://www.nichd.nih.gov/publications/pubs/pku/pages/sub3.aspx |archive-date=5 October 2016 |access-date=12 September 2016 |website=NICHD}}&lt;/ref&gt; De medication [[sapropterin dihydrochloride]] fi be useful insyd sam.&lt;ref name=NIH2013Tx/&gt;

Phenylketonuria dey affect about one insyd 12,000 babies.&lt;ref name=&quot;Bern2015&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last1=Bernstein |first1=Laurie E. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q1LMCQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |title=Nutrition Management of Inherited Metabolic Diseases: Lessons from Metabolic University |last2=Rohr |first2=Fran |last3=Helm |first3=Joanna R. |date=2015 |publisher=Springer |isbn=9783319146218 |page=91 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170911010922/https://books.google.ca/books?id=q1LMCQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA91 |archive-date=2017-09-11 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Males den females be affected equally.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last1=Marcdante |first1=Karen |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hsY0AwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA150 |title=Nelson Essentials of Pediatrics |last2=Kliegman |first2=Robert M. |date=2014 |publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences |isbn=9780323226981 |edition=7 |page=150 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170911010922/https://books.google.ca/books?id=hsY0AwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA150 |archive-date=2017-09-11 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Na de disease be discovered insyd 1934 by [[Ivar Asbjørn Følling]], plus de importance of diet dem determine insyd 1935.&lt;ref name=&quot;Kal2010&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last=Kalter |first=Harold |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DykKlVU0V-oC&amp;pg=PA89 |title=Teratology in the Twentieth Century Plus Ten |date=2010 |publisher=Springer Science &amp; Business Media |isbn=9789048188208 |pages=89–92 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170911010922/https://books.google.ca/books?id=DykKlVU0V-oC&amp;pg=PA89 |archive-date=2017-09-11 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; As of 2023, [[Gene therapy|genetic therapies]] wey aim to directly restore liver PAH activity be a promising den active research field.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Martinez |first1=Michael |last2=Harding |first2=Cary O. |last3=Schwank |first3=Gerald |last4=Thöny |first4=Beat |date=January 2024 |title=State-of-the-art 2023 on gene therapy for phenylketonuria |journal=Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease |language=en |volume=47 |issue=1 |pages=80–92 |doi=10.1002/jimd.12651 |issn=0141-8955 |pmc=10764640 |pmid=37401651 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;

== External links ==
{{Commons}}
[[Category:Intellectual disability]]
[[Category:Autosomal recessive disorders]]
[[Category:Amino acid metabolism disorders]]
[[Category:Skin conditions wey dey result from errors insyd metabolism]]
[[Category:Disorders wey dey cause seizures]]
[[Category:Biology of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder]]
[[Category:Rare diseases]]
[[Category:Newborn screening]]
[[Category:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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