Wikipedia gpewiki https://gpe.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page MediaWiki 1.48.0-wmf.3 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikipedia Wikipedia talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 31454 116584 2026-11-09T16:37:13Z DaSupremo 9 Created by translating the page [[:mdwiki:Special:Redirect/revision/1504185|Pellagra]] to:gpe #mdwikicx 116584 wikitext text/x-wiki == References == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] lv7phf3xzu26ynuxyy396ffgo8ljw9w 116585 116584 2026-11-09T16:41:56Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 116585 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Pellagra''' be a [[disease]] caused by a lack of de vitamin [[Niacin (substance)|niacin]] (vitamin B₃).<ref name=Or2017>{{cite web|title=Orphanet: Pellagra|url=http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?lng=EN&Expert=97352|website=orpha.net|access-date=10 June 2017|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170417155540/http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?lng=EN|archive-date=17 April 2017}}</ref> Symptoms dey include [[dermatitis|inflamed skin]], [[diarrhea]], [[dementia]], den sores insyd de mouth.<ref name=Ng2003/> Areas of de skin dem expose to friction den radiation typically be affected first.<ref name=Ng2003/> Over time, affected skin fi cam be darker, stiffen, peel, anaa bleed.<ref name=Ng2003/><ref name=Pit2005/> == References == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] <references /> == External links == 88jm4yhtcnzuml4ppvy72bsh66opu2a 116586 116585 2026-11-09T16:45:43Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 116586 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Pellagra''' be a [[disease]] caused by a lack of de vitamin [[Niacin (substance)|niacin]] (vitamin B₃).<ref name=Or2017>{{cite web|title=Orphanet: Pellagra|url=http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?lng=EN&Expert=97352|website=orpha.net|access-date=10 June 2017|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170417155540/http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?lng=EN|archive-date=17 April 2017}}</ref> Symptoms dey include [[dermatitis|inflamed skin]], [[diarrhea]], [[dementia]], den sores insyd de mouth.<ref name=Ng2003/> Areas of de skin dem expose to friction den radiation typically be affected first.<ref name=Ng2003/> Over time, affected skin fi cam be darker, stiffen, peel, anaa bleed.<ref name=Ng2003/><ref name=Pit2005/> De two main types of pellagra be primary den secondary.<ref name=Ng2003/> Primary pellagra be secof a diet wey no dey contain enough niacin den [[tryptophan]].<ref name=Ng2003/> Secondary pellagra be secof a poor ability to use de niacin within de diet.<ref name=Ng2003/> Dis fi occur as a result of [[alcoholism]], long-term diarrhea, [[carcinoid syndrome]], [[Hartnup disease]], den a number of medications such as [[isoniazid]].<ref name=Ng2003/> Diagnosis typically be based on symptoms den fi be assisted by urine testing.<ref name=Pit2005/> == References == <references /> == External links == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 80cmxoiyzvlvk6xzq9otqkui6s004zx 116587 116586 2026-11-09T16:48:55Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 116587 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Pellagra''' be a [[disease]] caused by a lack of de vitamin [[Niacin (substance)|niacin]] (vitamin B₃).<ref name=Or2017>{{cite web|title=Orphanet: Pellagra|url=http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?lng=EN&Expert=97352|website=orpha.net|access-date=10 June 2017|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170417155540/http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?lng=EN|archive-date=17 April 2017}}</ref> Symptoms dey include [[dermatitis|inflamed skin]], [[diarrhea]], [[dementia]], den sores insyd de mouth.<ref name=Ng2003/> Areas of de skin dem expose to friction den radiation typically be affected first.<ref name=Ng2003/> Over time, affected skin fi cam be darker, stiffen, peel, anaa bleed.<ref name=Ng2003/><ref name=Pit2005/> De two main types of pellagra be primary den secondary.<ref name=Ng2003/> Primary pellagra be secof a diet wey no dey contain enough niacin den [[tryptophan]].<ref name=Ng2003/> Secondary pellagra be secof a poor ability to use de niacin within de diet.<ref name=Ng2003/> Dis fi occur as a result of [[alcoholism]], long-term diarrhea, [[carcinoid syndrome]], [[Hartnup disease]], den a number of medications such as [[isoniazid]].<ref name=Ng2003/> Diagnosis typically be based on symptoms den fi be assisted by urine testing.<ref name=Pit2005/> Treatment be plus either [[nicotinic acid]] anaa [[nicotinamide]] supplementation.<ref name=Ng2003/> Improvements typically dey begin within a few days.<ref name=Ng2003/> General improvements insyd diet sanso frequently be recommended.<ref name=Pit2005/> Decreasing sun exposure via [[sunscreen]] den proper clothing be important while de skin heal.<ref name=Ng2003>{{cite web|last1=Ngan|first1=Vanessa|title=Pellagra|url=http://www.dermnetnz.org/topics/pellagra/|website=DermNet New Zealand|access-date=10 June 2017|language=en|year=2003|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170409053629/http://www.dermnetnz.org/topics/pellagra/|archive-date=9 April 2017}}</ref> Widout treatment, death fi occur.<ref name=Pit2005/> De disease dey occur most commonly insyd de [[developing world]], often as a [[disease of poverty]] dem associate plus [[malnutrition]], specifically [[sub-Saharan Africa]].<ref name=Pit2005>{{cite journal |last= Pitche |first= P. |date= 2005 |title= Pellagra |journal= Santé |volume= 15 |issue= 3 |pages= 205–08 |pmid= 16207585}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] bbh8ss4jtotmyle59nyz0k2jtr9f8og 116589 116587 2026-11-09T16:53:02Z DaSupremo 9 /* Etymology */ Improve article 116589 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Pellagra''' be a [[disease]] caused by a lack of de vitamin [[Niacin (substance)|niacin]] (vitamin B₃).<ref name=Or2017>{{cite web|title=Orphanet: Pellagra|url=http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?lng=EN&Expert=97352|website=orpha.net|access-date=10 June 2017|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170417155540/http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?lng=EN|archive-date=17 April 2017}}</ref> Symptoms dey include [[dermatitis|inflamed skin]], [[diarrhea]], [[dementia]], den sores insyd de mouth.<ref name=Ng2003/> Areas of de skin dem expose to friction den radiation typically be affected first.<ref name=Ng2003/> Over time, affected skin fi cam be darker, stiffen, peel, anaa bleed.<ref name=Ng2003/><ref name=Pit2005/> De two main types of pellagra be primary den secondary.<ref name=Ng2003/> Primary pellagra be secof a diet wey no dey contain enough niacin den [[tryptophan]].<ref name=Ng2003/> Secondary pellagra be secof a poor ability to use de niacin within de diet.<ref name=Ng2003/> Dis fi occur as a result of [[alcoholism]], long-term diarrhea, [[carcinoid syndrome]], [[Hartnup disease]], den a number of medications such as [[isoniazid]].<ref name=Ng2003/> Diagnosis typically be based on symptoms den fi be assisted by urine testing.<ref name=Pit2005/> Treatment be plus either [[nicotinic acid]] anaa [[nicotinamide]] supplementation.<ref name=Ng2003/> Improvements typically dey begin within a few days.<ref name=Ng2003/> General improvements insyd diet sanso frequently be recommended.<ref name=Pit2005/> Decreasing sun exposure via [[sunscreen]] den proper clothing be important while de skin heal.<ref name=Ng2003>{{cite web|last1=Ngan|first1=Vanessa|title=Pellagra|url=http://www.dermnetnz.org/topics/pellagra/|website=DermNet New Zealand|access-date=10 June 2017|language=en|year=2003|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170409053629/http://www.dermnetnz.org/topics/pellagra/|archive-date=9 April 2017}}</ref> Widout treatment, death fi occur.<ref name=Pit2005/> De disease dey occur most commonly insyd de [[developing world]], often as a [[disease of poverty]] dem associate plus [[malnutrition]], specifically [[sub-Saharan Africa]].<ref name=Pit2005>{{cite journal |last= Pitche |first= P. |date= 2005 |title= Pellagra |journal= Santé |volume= 15 |issue= 3 |pages= 205–08 |pmid= 16207585}}</ref> ==Etymology== De word "{{linktext|pellagra}}" be known to cam from [[Lombardic language|Lombardic]], buh ein exact origins be disputed. "Pell" certainly dey arise from classical Latin {{lang|la|pellis}}, wey dey mean "skin".<ref name=Lombard>{{cite book|first=Francesco|last=Cherubini|title=Vocabolario Milanese-Italiano|lang=it,lmo|publisher=Imp. Regia Stamperia|year=1840–1843|volume=I. III}}</ref><ref name=OED>{{cite OED|pellagra ''n''.|1005242239}}</ref> "-agra" fi arise from Lombardic {{lang|lmo|agra}}, wey dey mean "like [[Serous fluid|serum]] anaa [[holly]] juice",<ref name=Lombard /> anaa de Latinate {{lang|la|-agra}},<ref name=OED /> a suffix give maladies einself dem borrow from de Greek {{lang|el|ἄγρα}}, wey dey mean "a catch-point, a hunting trap".<ref>{{cite OED|podagra ''n.''|1000750596}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] evqf7tts5yj14lpgzs3tfjf655iefj1 116592 116589 2026-11-09T16:57:34Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 116592 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Pellagra''' be a [[disease]] caused by a lack of de vitamin [[Niacin (substance)|niacin]] (vitamin B₃).<ref name=Or2017>{{cite web|title=Orphanet: Pellagra|url=http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?lng=EN&Expert=97352|website=orpha.net|access-date=10 June 2017|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170417155540/http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?lng=EN|archive-date=17 April 2017}}</ref> Symptoms dey include [[dermatitis|inflamed skin]], [[diarrhea]], [[dementia]], den sores insyd de mouth.<ref name=Ng2003/> Areas of de skin dem expose to friction den radiation typically be affected first.<ref name=Ng2003/> Over time, affected skin fi cam be darker, stiffen, peel, anaa bleed.<ref name=Ng2003/><ref name=Pit2005/> De two main types of pellagra be primary den secondary.<ref name=Ng2003/> Primary pellagra be secof a diet wey no dey contain enough niacin den [[tryptophan]].<ref name=Ng2003/> Secondary pellagra be secof a poor ability to use de niacin within de diet.<ref name=Ng2003/> Dis fi occur as a result of [[alcoholism]], long-term diarrhea, [[carcinoid syndrome]], [[Hartnup disease]], den a number of medications such as [[isoniazid]].<ref name=Ng2003/> Diagnosis typically be based on symptoms den fi be assisted by urine testing.<ref name=Pit2005/> Treatment be plus either [[nicotinic acid]] anaa [[nicotinamide]] supplementation.<ref name=Ng2003/> Improvements typically dey begin within a few days.<ref name=Ng2003/> General improvements insyd diet sanso frequently be recommended.<ref name=Pit2005/> Decreasing sun exposure via [[sunscreen]] den proper clothing be important while de skin heal.<ref name=Ng2003>{{cite web|last1=Ngan|first1=Vanessa|title=Pellagra|url=http://www.dermnetnz.org/topics/pellagra/|website=DermNet New Zealand|access-date=10 June 2017|language=en|year=2003|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170409053629/http://www.dermnetnz.org/topics/pellagra/|archive-date=9 April 2017}}</ref> Widout treatment, death fi occur.<ref name=Pit2005/> De disease dey occur most commonly insyd de [[developing world]], often as a [[disease of poverty]] dem associate plus [[malnutrition]], specifically [[sub-Saharan Africa]].<ref name=Pit2005>{{cite journal |last= Pitche |first= P. |date= 2005 |title= Pellagra |journal= Santé |volume= 15 |issue= 3 |pages= 205–08 |pmid= 16207585}}</ref> ==Etymology== De word "{{linktext|pellagra}}" be known to cam from [[Lombardic language|Lombardic]], buh ein exact origins be disputed. "Pell" certainly dey arise from classical Latin {{lang|la|pellis}}, wey dey mean "skin".<ref name=Lombard>{{cite book|first=Francesco|last=Cherubini|title=Vocabolario Milanese-Italiano|lang=it,lmo|publisher=Imp. Regia Stamperia|year=1840–1843|volume=I. III}}</ref><ref name=OED>{{cite OED|pellagra ''n''.|1005242239}}</ref> "-agra" fi arise from Lombardic {{lang|lmo|agra}}, wey dey mean "like [[Serous fluid|serum]] anaa [[holly]] juice",<ref name=Lombard /> anaa de Latinate {{lang|la|-agra}},<ref name=OED /> a suffix give maladies einself dem borrow from de Greek {{lang|el|ἄγρα}}, wey dey mean "a catch-point, a hunting trap".<ref>{{cite OED|podagra ''n.''|1000750596}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * {{cite EB1911|wstitle= Pellagra | volume= 21 | page = 69 |short= 1}} * [http://www.fao.org/DOCREP/W0073e/w0073e05.htm#P4008_468640 Pellagra]{{snd}}[[Food and Agriculture Organization]] (FAO) {{Authority control}} [[Category:Vitamin deficiencies]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] arnwuvgx3snzqvr6mfgq6ph9ks4zd8q 10 31455 116588 2026-11-09T16:52:18Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh template 116588 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#invoke:template wrapper|{{#if:{{{_debug|}}}|list|wrap}}|_template=Cite encyclopedia |_exclude=access, id, sense, short, subid, subsection, term, _debug |entry={{{term|{{{entry|{{{1|}}}}}}}}} |entry-url={{#if:{{{term|{{{entry|{{{1|}}}}}}}}} |{{#if:{{{id|{{{2|}}}}}} |{{#ifexpr:{{{id|{{{2|}}}}}} > 999999999 |https://doi.org/10.1093/OED/{{{id|{{{2|}}}}}} |https://www.oed.com/view/Entry/{{{id|{{{2|}}}}}} }} |https://www.oed.com/search/dictionary/?q={{urlencode:{{{term|{{{entry|{{{1|}}}}}}}}}}} }} }} |entry-url-access={{#if:{{{term|{{{entry|{{{1|}}}}}}}}} |{{#ifeq:{{{access|}}}|free||subscription}} }} |title={{#if:{{{term|{{{entry|{{{1|}}}}}}}}} |{{{subsection|{{{sense|}}}}}} }} |url={{#if:{{{term|{{{entry|{{{1|}}}}}}}}} |{{#if:{{{subsection|{{{sense|}}}}}} |{{#if:{{{subid|}}} |https://doi.org/10.1093/OED/{{{subid|}}} }} }} }} |url-access={{#if:{{{term|{{{entry|{{{1|}}}}}}}}} |{{#if:{{{subsection|{{{sense|}}}}}} |{{#if:{{{subid|}}} |{{#ifeq:{{{access|}}}|free||subscription}} }} }} }} |dictionary=[[Oxford English Dictionary]] |publisher={{#if:{{{short|}}}||Oxford University Press}} |edition={{#if:{{{short|}}}||online}} |doi={{#if:{{{term|{{{entry|{{{1|}}}}}}}}} |{{#ifexpr:( {{#if:{{{subsection|{{{sense|}}}}}}|1|0}} and {{#if:{{{subid|}}}|1|0}} ) |10.1093/OED/{{{subid|}}} |{{#if:{{{id|{{{2|}}}}}} |{{#ifexpr:{{{id|{{{2|}}}}}} > 999999999 |10.1093/OED/{{{id|{{{2|}}}}}} }} }} }} }} |doi-access={{#if:{{{term|{{{entry|{{{1|}}}}}}}}} |{{#ifexpr:( ({{#if:{{{subsection|{{{sense|}}}}}}|1|0}} and {{#if:{{{subid|}}}|1|0}}) or {{#if:{{{id|{{{2|}}}}}} |{{#ifexpr:{{{id|{{{2|}}}}}} > 999999999|1|0}} |0 }} ) |{{#ifeq:{{{access|}}}|free}} }} }} |ref={{SfnRef|Reference-OED-{{#if:{{{term|{{{entry|{{{1|}}}}}}}}} |{{#if:{{{subsection|{{{sense|}}}}}}|{{{subsection|{{{sense|}}}}}}-}} }}{{{term|{{{entry|{{{1|}}}}}}}}}}} }}{{#if:{{{short|}}}||{{#ifeq:{{{access|}}}|free||&#32;{{OEDsub|sentence={{#ifeq:{{{mode|cs1}}}|cs1|yes|no}}}}}}}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> d5r9nlc0tayrwc3aumqdwf51zzg162i 10 31456 116590 2026-11-09T16:55:58Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh template 116590 wikitext text/x-wiki <!-- optional icon - included by default -->{{#if:{{{no-icon|{{{noicon|}}}}}}||{{#ifeq: {{{wstitle|}}}||<span class="noprint">[[File:PD-icon.svg|12px|class=noviewer|alt=|link=]]&nbsp;</span>}}}}<!-- optional public domain icon when wstitle is missing or empty -->{{#invoke:template wrapper|{{#if:{{{_debug|}}}|list|wrap}}|_template=cite encyclopedia |_exclude=display, no-icon, noicon, short, wstitle, language, lang, _debug |_reuse=chapter, title, url <!-- these are reused --> |_alias-map=name-list-format:name-list-style,accessdate:access-date,authorlink:author-link |editor-first={{#if:{{{short|}}}||Hugh}} |editor-last={{#if:{{{short|}}}||Chisholm}} |editor-link={{#if:{{{short|}}}||Hugh Chisholm}} |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition|Encyclopædia Britannica]] |title={{#if:{{{wstitle|}}}|{{cite wikisource/make link |link=1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/{{{wstitle}}} |label={{{display|{{{wstitle|}}}}}} |noicon={{{no-icon|{{{noicon|}}}}}} }}|{{#if:{{{title|}}}|{{{title}}}}}}} |chapter={{#if:{{{chapter|}}} |{{#if:{{{wstitle|}}}{{{title|}}} |{{cite wikisource/make link |link=1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/{{{wstitle}}} |anchor={{{chapter|}}} |label={{{chapter|}}} |noicon={{{noicon|}}} }} |{{{chapter|}}}<!-- else #if NOT wstitle OR title; cs1|2 will emit a missing title error message here because no title --> }}<!-- end #if wstitle, title --> }}<!-- end #if chapter --> |url={{#if:{{{wstitle|}}}||{{{url|}}}}} |edition=11th |date=1911 |language=en |publisher={{#if:{{{short|}}}||Cambridge University Press}} }}<noinclude> {{documentation}}</noinclude><!-- --><includeonly><!-- -->{{#ifeq: {{NAMESPACEE}} |<!--is set--> |<!--Sort out the parameters--> {{#ifeq: {{#if: {{{wstitle|}}}|{{{wstitle}}}}}|<!--eq to empty--> |<!-- then--> {{#ifeq: {{#if: {{{title|}}}|{{{title}}}|}}|<!--eq to empty--> |<!--then-->[[Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with no article parameter]] |<!--else-->[[Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica without Wikisource reference]] }}<!--end title--> |<!--else-->[[Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference]] }}<!--end of check wstitle--> |<!--else not in NAMESPACE do nothing--> }}<!--end NAMESPACE no white space --></includeonly><!--DO NOT PUT A BLANK LINE AFTER THIS COMMENT--> bt9kfch23k0ci7oxc3a243ujgxm3hwe 10 31457 116591 2026-11-09T16:56:51Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh template 116591 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#if:{{{noicon|}}} |[[:s:{{#if:{{{language|}}}|{{{language}}}:}}{{#if:{{{anchor|}}}|{{{link|}}}{{#if:{{{chapter|}}}|/{{{chapter}}}}}#{{{anchor}}}|{{{link|}}}{{#if:{{{chapter|}}}|/{{{chapter}}}}}}}|{{{label|{{{link|}}}}}}]] |[[s:{{#if:{{{language|}}}|{{{language}}}:}}{{#if:{{{anchor|}}}|{{{link|}}}{{#if:{{{chapter|}}}|/{{{chapter}}}}}#{{{anchor}}}|{{{link|}}}{{#if:{{{chapter|}}}|/{{{chapter}}}}}}}|{{{label|{{{link|}}}}}}]]}}<noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> fw778f1z6wwtnuonjt2bts5m0lkf5zw 14 31458 116593 2026-11-09T16:58:16Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 116593 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 14 31459 116594 2026-11-09T16:58:27Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 116594 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 14 31460 116595 2026-11-09T16:58:37Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 116595 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 0 31461 116596 2026-11-09T17:06:01Z DaSupremo 9 Created by translating the page [[:mdwiki:Special:Redirect/revision/1457043|Takotsubo cardiomyopathy]] to:gpe #mdwikicx 116596 wikitext text/x-wiki == References == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] lv7phf3xzu26ynuxyy396ffgo8ljw9w 116597 116596 2026-11-09T17:11:33Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 116597 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Takotsubo cardiomyopathy''' anaa '''takotsubo syndrome''' ('''TTS'''), dem sanso know as '''stress cardiomyopathy''', be a type of non-[[ischemia|ischemic]] [[cardiomyopathy]] insyd wich der be a sudden temporary weakening of de [[myocardium|muscular portion of de heart]].<ref>{{cite book| vauthors = Zamir M |title=The Physics of Coronary Blood Flow|date=2005|publisher=Springer Science and Business Media|isbn=978-0387-25297-1|page=387|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BuokLwrks2MC&q=broken+heart+syndrome+journal&pg=PA387}}</ref> E usually dey appear after a significant stressor, either physical anaa emotional; wen caused by de latter, de condition sometimes be called '''broken heart syndrome'''.<ref>{{cite news|title=Mayo Clinic Research Reveals 'Broken Heart Syndrome' Recurs in 1 of 10 Patients|url=http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/releases/56666.php|newspaper=Medical News Today|publisher=MediLexicon International Ltd}}</ref> == References == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] <references /> == External links == mv1rj6ih7zuy7obq4nau7bzau5hs6pg 116598 116597 2026-11-09T17:17:16Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 116598 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Takotsubo cardiomyopathy''' anaa '''takotsubo syndrome''' ('''TTS'''), dem sanso know as '''stress cardiomyopathy''', be a type of non-[[ischemia|ischemic]] [[cardiomyopathy]] insyd wich der be a sudden temporary weakening of de [[myocardium|muscular portion of de heart]].<ref>{{cite book| vauthors = Zamir M |title=The Physics of Coronary Blood Flow|date=2005|publisher=Springer Science and Business Media|isbn=978-0387-25297-1|page=387|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BuokLwrks2MC&q=broken+heart+syndrome+journal&pg=PA387}}</ref> E usually dey appear after a significant stressor, either physical anaa emotional; wen caused by de latter, de condition sometimes be called '''broken heart syndrome'''.<ref>{{cite news|title=Mayo Clinic Research Reveals 'Broken Heart Syndrome' Recurs in 1 of 10 Patients|url=http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/releases/56666.php|newspaper=Medical News Today|publisher=MediLexicon International Ltd}}</ref> Examples of physical stressors wey fi cause TTS be [[sepsis]], [[Shock (circulatory)|shock]], [[subarachnoid hemorrhage]], den [[pheochromocytoma]]. Emotional stressors dey include bereavement, divorce, anaa de loss of a job. Reviews suggest dat of patients dem diagnose plus de condition, about 70–80% recently experience a major stressor, wey dey include 41–50% plus a physical stressor den 26–30% plus an emotional stressor.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Sanchez-Jimenez EF | title = Initial clinical presentation of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy with-a focus on electrocardiographic changes: A literature review of cases | journal = World Journal of Cardiology | volume = 5 | issue = 7 | pages = 228–241 | date = July 2013 | pmid = 23888192 | pmc = 3722420 | doi = 10.4330/wjc.v5.i7.228 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name="Eitel_2011">{{cite journal | vauthors = Eitel I, von Knobelsdorff-Brenkenhoff F, Bernhardt P, Carbone I, Muellerleile K, Aldrovandi A, Francone M, Desch S, Gutberlet M, Strohm O, Schuler G, Schulz-Menger J, Thiele H, Friedrich MG | title = Clinical characteristics and cardiovascular magnetic resonance findings in stress (takotsubo) cardiomyopathy | journal = JAMA | volume = 306 | issue = 3 | pages = 277–286 | date = July 2011 | pmid = 21771988 | doi = 10.1001/jama.2011.992 | doi-access = }}</ref> TTS can also appear in patients who have not experienced major stressors.<ref name="Eitel_2011" /> == References == <references /> == External links == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] r1h53jtvppqlmfzk4elqpw9vw47yp7w 116599 116598 2026-11-09T17:21:56Z DaSupremo 9 Add references 116599 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Takotsubo cardiomyopathy''' anaa '''takotsubo syndrome''' ('''TTS'''), dem sanso know as '''stress cardiomyopathy''', be a type of non-[[ischemia|ischemic]] [[cardiomyopathy]] insyd wich der be a sudden temporary weakening of de [[myocardium|muscular portion of de heart]].<ref>{{cite book| vauthors = Zamir M |title=The Physics of Coronary Blood Flow|date=2005|publisher=Springer Science and Business Media|isbn=978-0387-25297-1|page=387|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BuokLwrks2MC&q=broken+heart+syndrome+journal&pg=PA387}}</ref> E usually dey appear after a significant stressor, either physical anaa emotional; wen caused by de latter, de condition sometimes be called '''broken heart syndrome'''.<ref>{{cite news|title=Mayo Clinic Research Reveals 'Broken Heart Syndrome' Recurs in 1 of 10 Patients|url=http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/releases/56666.php|newspaper=Medical News Today|publisher=MediLexicon International Ltd}}</ref> Examples of physical stressors wey fi cause TTS be [[sepsis]], [[Shock (circulatory)|shock]], [[subarachnoid hemorrhage]], den [[pheochromocytoma]]. Emotional stressors dey include bereavement, divorce, anaa de loss of a job.<ref name="Ghadri_2018">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ghadri JR, Wittstein IS, Prasad A, Sharkey S, Dote K, Akashi YJ, Cammann VL, Crea F, Galiuto L, Desmet W, Yoshida T, Manfredini R, Eitel I, Kosuge M, Nef HM, Deshmukh A, Lerman A, Bossone E, Citro R, Ueyama T, Corrado D, Kurisu S, Ruschitzka F, Winchester D, Lyon AR, Omerovic E, Bax JJ, Meimoun P, Tarantini G, Rihal C, Y-Hassan S, Migliore F, Horowitz JD, Shimokawa H, Lüscher TF, Templin C |date=June 2018 |title=International Expert Consensus Document on Takotsubo Syndrome (Part I): Clinical Characteristics, Diagnostic Criteria, and Pathophysiology |journal=European Heart Journal |volume=39 |issue=22 |pages=2032–2046 |doi=10.1093/eurheartj/ehy076 |pmc=5991216 |pmid=29850871}}</ref> Reviews suggest dat of patients dem diagnose plus de condition, about 70–80% recently experience a major stressor, wey dey include 41–50% plus a physical stressor den 26–30% plus an emotional stressor.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Sanchez-Jimenez EF | title = Initial clinical presentation of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy with-a focus on electrocardiographic changes: A literature review of cases | journal = World Journal of Cardiology | volume = 5 | issue = 7 | pages = 228–241 | date = July 2013 | pmid = 23888192 | pmc = 3722420 | doi = 10.4330/wjc.v5.i7.228 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name="Eitel_2011">{{cite journal | vauthors = Eitel I, von Knobelsdorff-Brenkenhoff F, Bernhardt P, Carbone I, Muellerleile K, Aldrovandi A, Francone M, Desch S, Gutberlet M, Strohm O, Schuler G, Schulz-Menger J, Thiele H, Friedrich MG | title = Clinical characteristics and cardiovascular magnetic resonance findings in stress (takotsubo) cardiomyopathy | journal = JAMA | volume = 306 | issue = 3 | pages = 277–286 | date = July 2011 | pmid = 21771988 | doi = 10.1001/jama.2011.992 | doi-access = }}</ref> TTS can also appear in patients who have not experienced major stressors.<ref name="Eitel_2011" /><ref name="Templin_2015">{{cite journal |vauthors=Templin C, Ghadri JR, Diekmann J, Napp LC, Bataiosu DR, Jaguszewski M, Cammann VL, Sarcon A, Geyer V, Neumann CA, Seifert B, Hellermann J, Schwyzer M, Eisenhardt K, Jenewein J, Franke J, Katus HA, Burgdorf C, Schunkert H, Moeller C, Thiele H, Bauersachs J, Tschöpe C, Schultheiss HP, Laney CA, Rajan L, Michels G, Pfister R, Ukena C, Böhm M, Erbel R, Cuneo A, Kuck KH, Jacobshagen C, Hasenfuss G, Karakas M, Koenig W, Rottbauer W, Said SM, Braun-Dullaeus RC, Cuculi F, Banning A, Fischer TA, Vasankari T, Airaksinen KE, Fijalkowski M, Rynkiewicz A, Pawlak M, Opolski G, Dworakowski R, MacCarthy P, Kaiser C, Osswald S, Galiuto L, Crea F, Dichtl W, Franz WM, Empen K, Felix SB, Delmas C, Lairez O, Erne P, Bax JJ, Ford I, Ruschitzka F, Prasad A, Lüscher TF |date=September 2015 |title=Clinical Features and Outcomes of Takotsubo (Stress) Cardiomyopathy |journal=The New England Journal of Medicine |volume=373 |issue=10 |pages=929–938 |doi=10.1056/NEJMoa1406761 |pmid=26332547}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] a65kg4aopnx73j900j3ljwm5w00mk80 116600 116599 2026-11-09T17:31:04Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 116600 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Takotsubo cardiomyopathy''' anaa '''takotsubo syndrome''' ('''TTS'''), dem sanso know as '''stress cardiomyopathy''', be a type of non-[[ischemia|ischemic]] [[cardiomyopathy]] insyd wich der be a sudden temporary weakening of de [[myocardium|muscular portion of de heart]].<ref>{{cite book| vauthors = Zamir M |title=The Physics of Coronary Blood Flow|date=2005|publisher=Springer Science and Business Media|isbn=978-0387-25297-1|page=387|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BuokLwrks2MC&q=broken+heart+syndrome+journal&pg=PA387}}</ref> E usually dey appear after a significant stressor, either physical anaa emotional; wen caused by de latter, de condition sometimes be called '''broken heart syndrome'''.<ref>{{cite news|title=Mayo Clinic Research Reveals 'Broken Heart Syndrome' Recurs in 1 of 10 Patients|url=http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/releases/56666.php|newspaper=Medical News Today|publisher=MediLexicon International Ltd}}</ref> Examples of physical stressors wey fi cause TTS be [[sepsis]], [[Shock (circulatory)|shock]], [[subarachnoid hemorrhage]], den [[pheochromocytoma]]. Emotional stressors dey include bereavement, divorce, anaa de loss of a job.<ref name="Ghadri_2018">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ghadri JR, Wittstein IS, Prasad A, Sharkey S, Dote K, Akashi YJ, Cammann VL, Crea F, Galiuto L, Desmet W, Yoshida T, Manfredini R, Eitel I, Kosuge M, Nef HM, Deshmukh A, Lerman A, Bossone E, Citro R, Ueyama T, Corrado D, Kurisu S, Ruschitzka F, Winchester D, Lyon AR, Omerovic E, Bax JJ, Meimoun P, Tarantini G, Rihal C, Y-Hassan S, Migliore F, Horowitz JD, Shimokawa H, Lüscher TF, Templin C |date=June 2018 |title=International Expert Consensus Document on Takotsubo Syndrome (Part I): Clinical Characteristics, Diagnostic Criteria, and Pathophysiology |journal=European Heart Journal |volume=39 |issue=22 |pages=2032–2046 |doi=10.1093/eurheartj/ehy076 |pmc=5991216 |pmid=29850871}}</ref> Reviews suggest dat of patients dem diagnose plus de condition, about 70–80% recently experience a major stressor, wey dey include 41–50% plus a physical stressor den 26–30% plus an emotional stressor.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Sanchez-Jimenez EF | title = Initial clinical presentation of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy with-a focus on electrocardiographic changes: A literature review of cases | journal = World Journal of Cardiology | volume = 5 | issue = 7 | pages = 228–241 | date = July 2013 | pmid = 23888192 | pmc = 3722420 | doi = 10.4330/wjc.v5.i7.228 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name="Eitel_2011">{{cite journal | vauthors = Eitel I, von Knobelsdorff-Brenkenhoff F, Bernhardt P, Carbone I, Muellerleile K, Aldrovandi A, Francone M, Desch S, Gutberlet M, Strohm O, Schuler G, Schulz-Menger J, Thiele H, Friedrich MG | title = Clinical characteristics and cardiovascular magnetic resonance findings in stress (takotsubo) cardiomyopathy | journal = JAMA | volume = 306 | issue = 3 | pages = 277–286 | date = July 2011 | pmid = 21771988 | doi = 10.1001/jama.2011.992 | doi-access = }}</ref> TTS can also appear in patients who have not experienced major stressors.<ref name="Eitel_2011" /><ref name="Templin_2015">{{cite journal |vauthors=Templin C, Ghadri JR, Diekmann J, Napp LC, Bataiosu DR, Jaguszewski M, Cammann VL, Sarcon A, Geyer V, Neumann CA, Seifert B, Hellermann J, Schwyzer M, Eisenhardt K, Jenewein J, Franke J, Katus HA, Burgdorf C, Schunkert H, Moeller C, Thiele H, Bauersachs J, Tschöpe C, Schultheiss HP, Laney CA, Rajan L, Michels G, Pfister R, Ukena C, Böhm M, Erbel R, Cuneo A, Kuck KH, Jacobshagen C, Hasenfuss G, Karakas M, Koenig W, Rottbauer W, Said SM, Braun-Dullaeus RC, Cuculi F, Banning A, Fischer TA, Vasankari T, Airaksinen KE, Fijalkowski M, Rynkiewicz A, Pawlak M, Opolski G, Dworakowski R, MacCarthy P, Kaiser C, Osswald S, Galiuto L, Crea F, Dichtl W, Franz WM, Empen K, Felix SB, Delmas C, Lairez O, Erne P, Bax JJ, Ford I, Ruschitzka F, Prasad A, Lüscher TF |date=September 2015 |title=Clinical Features and Outcomes of Takotsubo (Stress) Cardiomyopathy |journal=The New England Journal of Medicine |volume=373 |issue=10 |pages=929–938 |doi=10.1056/NEJMoa1406761 |pmid=26332547}}</ref> De pathophysiology no be well understood, buh a sudden massive surge of [[catecholamine]]s such as [[adrenaline]] den [[noradrenaline]] from extreme stress anaa a tumor secreting dese chemicals be thought to play a central role.<ref name="Tavazzi2017">{{cite journal | vauthors = Tavazzi G, Zanierato M, Via G, Iotti GA, Procaccio F | title = Are Neurogenic Stress Cardiomyopathy and Takotsubo Different Syndromes With Common Pathways?: Etiopathological Insights on Dysfunctional Hearts | journal = JACC. Heart Failure | volume = 5 | issue = 12 | pages = 940–942 | date = December 2017 | pmid = 29191302 | doi = 10.1016/j.jchf.2017.09.006 | doi-access = free }}</ref> Excess catecholamines, wen released directly by nerves wey stimulate cardiac muscle cells, get a toxic effect den fi lead to decreased cardiac muscular function anaa "[[Myocardial stunning|stunning]]".<ref name="Akashi2015" /><ref name="Pelliccia2017">{{cite journal | vauthors = Pelliccia F, Kaski JC, Crea F, Camici PG | title = Pathophysiology of Takotsubo Syndrome | journal = Circulation | volume = 135 | issue = 24 | pages = 2426–2441 | date = June 2017 | pmid = 28606950 | doi = 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.027121 | s2cid = 207581288 | doi-access = free }}</ref> Further, dis adrenaline surge dey trigger de arteries to [[Vasoconstriction|tighten]], thereby raising blood pressure den placing more stress on de heart, wey fi lead to [[vasospasm|spasm of de coronary arteries]] wey supply blood to de heart muscle.<ref name="Tavazzi2017"/> Dis dey impair de arteries from delivering [[Ischemia|adequate blood flow den oxygen]] to de heart muscle.<ref name="Tavazzi2017"/> Togeda, dese events fi lead to [[congestive heart failure]] den decrease de [[Cardiac output|heart's output]] of blood plus each squeeze.<ref name="Tavazzi2017"/> == References == <references /> == External links == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] nivngpc6w9a5n9fuvpskkrp8tyracrw 116601 116600 2026-11-09T17:35:56Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 116601 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Takotsubo cardiomyopathy''' anaa '''takotsubo syndrome''' ('''TTS'''), dem sanso know as '''stress cardiomyopathy''', be a type of non-[[ischemia|ischemic]] [[cardiomyopathy]] insyd wich der be a sudden temporary weakening of de [[myocardium|muscular portion of de heart]].<ref>{{cite book| vauthors = Zamir M |title=The Physics of Coronary Blood Flow|date=2005|publisher=Springer Science and Business Media|isbn=978-0387-25297-1|page=387|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BuokLwrks2MC&q=broken+heart+syndrome+journal&pg=PA387}}</ref> E usually dey appear after a significant stressor, either physical anaa emotional; wen caused by de latter, de condition sometimes be called '''broken heart syndrome'''.<ref>{{cite news|title=Mayo Clinic Research Reveals 'Broken Heart Syndrome' Recurs in 1 of 10 Patients|url=http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/releases/56666.php|newspaper=Medical News Today|publisher=MediLexicon International Ltd}}</ref> Examples of physical stressors wey fi cause TTS be [[sepsis]], [[Shock (circulatory)|shock]], [[subarachnoid hemorrhage]], den [[pheochromocytoma]]. Emotional stressors dey include bereavement, divorce, anaa de loss of a job.<ref name="Ghadri_2018">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ghadri JR, Wittstein IS, Prasad A, Sharkey S, Dote K, Akashi YJ, Cammann VL, Crea F, Galiuto L, Desmet W, Yoshida T, Manfredini R, Eitel I, Kosuge M, Nef HM, Deshmukh A, Lerman A, Bossone E, Citro R, Ueyama T, Corrado D, Kurisu S, Ruschitzka F, Winchester D, Lyon AR, Omerovic E, Bax JJ, Meimoun P, Tarantini G, Rihal C, Y-Hassan S, Migliore F, Horowitz JD, Shimokawa H, Lüscher TF, Templin C |date=June 2018 |title=International Expert Consensus Document on Takotsubo Syndrome (Part I): Clinical Characteristics, Diagnostic Criteria, and Pathophysiology |journal=European Heart Journal |volume=39 |issue=22 |pages=2032–2046 |doi=10.1093/eurheartj/ehy076 |pmc=5991216 |pmid=29850871}}</ref> Reviews suggest dat of patients dem diagnose plus de condition, about 70–80% recently experience a major stressor, wey dey include 41–50% plus a physical stressor den 26–30% plus an emotional stressor.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Sanchez-Jimenez EF | title = Initial clinical presentation of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy with-a focus on electrocardiographic changes: A literature review of cases | journal = World Journal of Cardiology | volume = 5 | issue = 7 | pages = 228–241 | date = July 2013 | pmid = 23888192 | pmc = 3722420 | doi = 10.4330/wjc.v5.i7.228 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name="Eitel_2011">{{cite journal | vauthors = Eitel I, von Knobelsdorff-Brenkenhoff F, Bernhardt P, Carbone I, Muellerleile K, Aldrovandi A, Francone M, Desch S, Gutberlet M, Strohm O, Schuler G, Schulz-Menger J, Thiele H, Friedrich MG | title = Clinical characteristics and cardiovascular magnetic resonance findings in stress (takotsubo) cardiomyopathy | journal = JAMA | volume = 306 | issue = 3 | pages = 277–286 | date = July 2011 | pmid = 21771988 | doi = 10.1001/jama.2011.992 | doi-access = }}</ref> TTS can also appear in patients who have not experienced major stressors.<ref name="Eitel_2011" /><ref name="Templin_2015">{{cite journal |vauthors=Templin C, Ghadri JR, Diekmann J, Napp LC, Bataiosu DR, Jaguszewski M, Cammann VL, Sarcon A, Geyer V, Neumann CA, Seifert B, Hellermann J, Schwyzer M, Eisenhardt K, Jenewein J, Franke J, Katus HA, Burgdorf C, Schunkert H, Moeller C, Thiele H, Bauersachs J, Tschöpe C, Schultheiss HP, Laney CA, Rajan L, Michels G, Pfister R, Ukena C, Böhm M, Erbel R, Cuneo A, Kuck KH, Jacobshagen C, Hasenfuss G, Karakas M, Koenig W, Rottbauer W, Said SM, Braun-Dullaeus RC, Cuculi F, Banning A, Fischer TA, Vasankari T, Airaksinen KE, Fijalkowski M, Rynkiewicz A, Pawlak M, Opolski G, Dworakowski R, MacCarthy P, Kaiser C, Osswald S, Galiuto L, Crea F, Dichtl W, Franz WM, Empen K, Felix SB, Delmas C, Lairez O, Erne P, Bax JJ, Ford I, Ruschitzka F, Prasad A, Lüscher TF |date=September 2015 |title=Clinical Features and Outcomes of Takotsubo (Stress) Cardiomyopathy |journal=The New England Journal of Medicine |volume=373 |issue=10 |pages=929–938 |doi=10.1056/NEJMoa1406761 |pmid=26332547}}</ref> De pathophysiology no be well understood, buh a sudden massive surge of [[catecholamine]]s such as [[adrenaline]] den [[noradrenaline]] from extreme stress anaa a tumor secreting dese chemicals be thought to play a central role.<ref name="Tavazzi2017">{{cite journal | vauthors = Tavazzi G, Zanierato M, Via G, Iotti GA, Procaccio F | title = Are Neurogenic Stress Cardiomyopathy and Takotsubo Different Syndromes With Common Pathways?: Etiopathological Insights on Dysfunctional Hearts | journal = JACC. Heart Failure | volume = 5 | issue = 12 | pages = 940–942 | date = December 2017 | pmid = 29191302 | doi = 10.1016/j.jchf.2017.09.006 | doi-access = free }}</ref> Excess catecholamines, wen released directly by nerves wey stimulate cardiac muscle cells, get a toxic effect den fi lead to decreased cardiac muscular function anaa "[[Myocardial stunning|stunning]]".<ref name="Akashi2015" /><ref name="Pelliccia2017">{{cite journal | vauthors = Pelliccia F, Kaski JC, Crea F, Camici PG | title = Pathophysiology of Takotsubo Syndrome | journal = Circulation | volume = 135 | issue = 24 | pages = 2426–2441 | date = June 2017 | pmid = 28606950 | doi = 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.027121 | s2cid = 207581288 | doi-access = free }}</ref> Further, dis adrenaline surge dey trigger de arteries to [[Vasoconstriction|tighten]], thereby raising blood pressure den placing more stress on de heart, wey fi lead to [[vasospasm|spasm of de coronary arteries]] wey supply blood to de heart muscle.<ref name="Tavazzi2017"/> Dis dey impair de arteries from delivering [[Ischemia|adequate blood flow den oxygen]] to de heart muscle.<ref name="Tavazzi2017"/> Togeda, dese events fi lead to [[congestive heart failure]] den decrease de [[Cardiac output|heart's output]] of blood plus each squeeze.<ref name="Tavazzi2017"/> Takotsubo cardiomyopathy dey occur worldwide.<ref name="Akashi2015">{{cite journal | vauthors = Akashi YJ, Nef HM, Lyon AR | title = Epidemiology and pathophysiology of Takotsubo syndrome | journal = Nature Reviews. Cardiology | volume = 12 | issue = 7 | pages = 387–397 | date = July 2015 | pmid = 25855605 | doi = 10.1038/nrcardio.2015.39 | hdl-access = free | s2cid = 24742760 | hdl = 10044/1/25730 }}</ref> De condition be thought to be responsible for 2% of all [[acute coronary syndrome]] cases wey dey present to hospitals.<ref name="Akashi2015"/> Although na TTS generally be considered a [[Self-limiting (biology)#Self-limiting medical conditions|self-limiting disease]], wey spontaneously dey resolve over de course of days to weeks, contemporary observations show say "a subset of TTS patients fi present plus symptoms wey dey arise from ein complications, e.g. heart failure, [[pulmonary edema]], [[stroke]], [[cardiogenic shock]], anaa [[cardiac arrest]]". Dis no dey imply say rates of shock/death of TTS be comparable to those of acute coronary syndrome, buh dat patients plus acute complications fi co-occur plus TTS.<ref name="Ghadri_2018">{{cite journal | vauthors = Ghadri JR, Wittstein IS, Prasad A, Sharkey S, Dote K, Akashi YJ, Cammann VL, Crea F, Galiuto L, Desmet W, Yoshida T, Manfredini R, Eitel I, Kosuge M, Nef HM, Deshmukh A, Lerman A, Bossone E, Citro R, Ueyama T, Corrado D, Kurisu S, Ruschitzka F, Winchester D, Lyon AR, Omerovic E, Bax JJ, Meimoun P, Tarantini G, Rihal C, Y-Hassan S, Migliore F, Horowitz JD, Shimokawa H, Lüscher TF, Templin C | title = International Expert Consensus Document on Takotsubo Syndrome (Part I): Clinical Characteristics, Diagnostic Criteria, and Pathophysiology | journal = European Heart Journal | volume = 39 | issue = 22 | pages = 2032–2046 | date = June 2018 | pmid = 29850871 | pmc = 5991216 | doi = 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy076 }}</ref> Dese cases of shock den death be associated plus de occurrence of TTS secondary to an inciting physical stressor such as [[hemorrhage]], brain injury sepsis, [[pulmonary embolism]] anaa severe [[chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]] (COPD).<ref name="Akashi2015" /> E dey occur more commonly insyd postmenopausal women.<ref name="Akashi2015" /> == References == <references /> == External links == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] aqvjfuwddr7oqfi1hzwvg2avsvldp27 116605 116601 2026-11-09T17:41:38Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 116605 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Takotsubo cardiomyopathy''' anaa '''takotsubo syndrome''' ('''TTS'''), dem sanso know as '''stress cardiomyopathy''', be a type of non-[[ischemia|ischemic]] [[cardiomyopathy]] insyd wich der be a sudden temporary weakening of de [[myocardium|muscular portion of de heart]].<ref>{{cite book| vauthors = Zamir M |title=The Physics of Coronary Blood Flow|date=2005|publisher=Springer Science and Business Media|isbn=978-0387-25297-1|page=387|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BuokLwrks2MC&q=broken+heart+syndrome+journal&pg=PA387}}</ref> E usually dey appear after a significant stressor, either physical anaa emotional; wen caused by de latter, de condition sometimes be called '''broken heart syndrome'''.<ref>{{cite news|title=Mayo Clinic Research Reveals 'Broken Heart Syndrome' Recurs in 1 of 10 Patients|url=http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/releases/56666.php|newspaper=Medical News Today|publisher=MediLexicon International Ltd}}</ref> Examples of physical stressors wey fi cause TTS be [[sepsis]], [[Shock (circulatory)|shock]], [[subarachnoid hemorrhage]], den [[pheochromocytoma]]. Emotional stressors dey include bereavement, divorce, anaa de loss of a job.<ref name="Ghadri_2018">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ghadri JR, Wittstein IS, Prasad A, Sharkey S, Dote K, Akashi YJ, Cammann VL, Crea F, Galiuto L, Desmet W, Yoshida T, Manfredini R, Eitel I, Kosuge M, Nef HM, Deshmukh A, Lerman A, Bossone E, Citro R, Ueyama T, Corrado D, Kurisu S, Ruschitzka F, Winchester D, Lyon AR, Omerovic E, Bax JJ, Meimoun P, Tarantini G, Rihal C, Y-Hassan S, Migliore F, Horowitz JD, Shimokawa H, Lüscher TF, Templin C |date=June 2018 |title=International Expert Consensus Document on Takotsubo Syndrome (Part I): Clinical Characteristics, Diagnostic Criteria, and Pathophysiology |journal=European Heart Journal |volume=39 |issue=22 |pages=2032–2046 |doi=10.1093/eurheartj/ehy076 |pmc=5991216 |pmid=29850871}}</ref> Reviews suggest dat of patients dem diagnose plus de condition, about 70–80% recently experience a major stressor, wey dey include 41–50% plus a physical stressor den 26–30% plus an emotional stressor.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Sanchez-Jimenez EF | title = Initial clinical presentation of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy with-a focus on electrocardiographic changes: A literature review of cases | journal = World Journal of Cardiology | volume = 5 | issue = 7 | pages = 228–241 | date = July 2013 | pmid = 23888192 | pmc = 3722420 | doi = 10.4330/wjc.v5.i7.228 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name="Eitel_2011">{{cite journal | vauthors = Eitel I, von Knobelsdorff-Brenkenhoff F, Bernhardt P, Carbone I, Muellerleile K, Aldrovandi A, Francone M, Desch S, Gutberlet M, Strohm O, Schuler G, Schulz-Menger J, Thiele H, Friedrich MG | title = Clinical characteristics and cardiovascular magnetic resonance findings in stress (takotsubo) cardiomyopathy | journal = JAMA | volume = 306 | issue = 3 | pages = 277–286 | date = July 2011 | pmid = 21771988 | doi = 10.1001/jama.2011.992 | doi-access = }}</ref> TTS can also appear in patients who have not experienced major stressors.<ref name="Eitel_2011" /><ref name="Templin_2015">{{cite journal |vauthors=Templin C, Ghadri JR, Diekmann J, Napp LC, Bataiosu DR, Jaguszewski M, Cammann VL, Sarcon A, Geyer V, Neumann CA, Seifert B, Hellermann J, Schwyzer M, Eisenhardt K, Jenewein J, Franke J, Katus HA, Burgdorf C, Schunkert H, Moeller C, Thiele H, Bauersachs J, Tschöpe C, Schultheiss HP, Laney CA, Rajan L, Michels G, Pfister R, Ukena C, Böhm M, Erbel R, Cuneo A, Kuck KH, Jacobshagen C, Hasenfuss G, Karakas M, Koenig W, Rottbauer W, Said SM, Braun-Dullaeus RC, Cuculi F, Banning A, Fischer TA, Vasankari T, Airaksinen KE, Fijalkowski M, Rynkiewicz A, Pawlak M, Opolski G, Dworakowski R, MacCarthy P, Kaiser C, Osswald S, Galiuto L, Crea F, Dichtl W, Franz WM, Empen K, Felix SB, Delmas C, Lairez O, Erne P, Bax JJ, Ford I, Ruschitzka F, Prasad A, Lüscher TF |date=September 2015 |title=Clinical Features and Outcomes of Takotsubo (Stress) Cardiomyopathy |journal=The New England Journal of Medicine |volume=373 |issue=10 |pages=929–938 |doi=10.1056/NEJMoa1406761 |pmid=26332547}}</ref> De pathophysiology no be well understood, buh a sudden massive surge of [[catecholamine]]s such as [[adrenaline]] den [[noradrenaline]] from extreme stress anaa a tumor secreting dese chemicals be thought to play a central role.<ref name="Tavazzi2017">{{cite journal | vauthors = Tavazzi G, Zanierato M, Via G, Iotti GA, Procaccio F | title = Are Neurogenic Stress Cardiomyopathy and Takotsubo Different Syndromes With Common Pathways?: Etiopathological Insights on Dysfunctional Hearts | journal = JACC. Heart Failure | volume = 5 | issue = 12 | pages = 940–942 | date = December 2017 | pmid = 29191302 | doi = 10.1016/j.jchf.2017.09.006 | doi-access = free }}</ref> Excess catecholamines, wen released directly by nerves wey stimulate cardiac muscle cells, get a toxic effect den fi lead to decreased cardiac muscular function anaa "[[Myocardial stunning|stunning]]".<ref name="Akashi2015" /><ref name="Pelliccia2017">{{cite journal | vauthors = Pelliccia F, Kaski JC, Crea F, Camici PG | title = Pathophysiology of Takotsubo Syndrome | journal = Circulation | volume = 135 | issue = 24 | pages = 2426–2441 | date = June 2017 | pmid = 28606950 | doi = 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.027121 | s2cid = 207581288 | doi-access = free }}</ref> Further, dis adrenaline surge dey trigger de arteries to [[Vasoconstriction|tighten]], thereby raising blood pressure den placing more stress on de heart, wey fi lead to [[vasospasm|spasm of de coronary arteries]] wey supply blood to de heart muscle.<ref name="Tavazzi2017"/> Dis dey impair de arteries from delivering [[Ischemia|adequate blood flow den oxygen]] to de heart muscle.<ref name="Tavazzi2017"/> Togeda, dese events fi lead to [[congestive heart failure]] den decrease de [[Cardiac output|heart's output]] of blood plus each squeeze.<ref name="Tavazzi2017"/> Takotsubo cardiomyopathy dey occur worldwide.<ref name="Akashi2015">{{cite journal | vauthors = Akashi YJ, Nef HM, Lyon AR | title = Epidemiology and pathophysiology of Takotsubo syndrome | journal = Nature Reviews. Cardiology | volume = 12 | issue = 7 | pages = 387–397 | date = July 2015 | pmid = 25855605 | doi = 10.1038/nrcardio.2015.39 | hdl-access = free | s2cid = 24742760 | hdl = 10044/1/25730 }}</ref> De condition be thought to be responsible for 2% of all [[acute coronary syndrome]] cases wey dey present to hospitals.<ref name="Akashi2015"/> Although na TTS generally be considered a [[Self-limiting (biology)#Self-limiting medical conditions|self-limiting disease]], wey spontaneously dey resolve over de course of days to weeks, contemporary observations show say "a subset of TTS patients fi present plus symptoms wey dey arise from ein complications, e.g. heart failure, [[pulmonary edema]], [[stroke]], [[cardiogenic shock]], anaa [[cardiac arrest]]". Dis no dey imply say rates of shock/death of TTS be comparable to those of acute coronary syndrome, buh dat patients plus acute complications fi co-occur plus TTS.<ref name="Ghadri_2018">{{cite journal | vauthors = Ghadri JR, Wittstein IS, Prasad A, Sharkey S, Dote K, Akashi YJ, Cammann VL, Crea F, Galiuto L, Desmet W, Yoshida T, Manfredini R, Eitel I, Kosuge M, Nef HM, Deshmukh A, Lerman A, Bossone E, Citro R, Ueyama T, Corrado D, Kurisu S, Ruschitzka F, Winchester D, Lyon AR, Omerovic E, Bax JJ, Meimoun P, Tarantini G, Rihal C, Y-Hassan S, Migliore F, Horowitz JD, Shimokawa H, Lüscher TF, Templin C | title = International Expert Consensus Document on Takotsubo Syndrome (Part I): Clinical Characteristics, Diagnostic Criteria, and Pathophysiology | journal = European Heart Journal | volume = 39 | issue = 22 | pages = 2032–2046 | date = June 2018 | pmid = 29850871 | pmc = 5991216 | doi = 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy076 }}</ref> Dese cases of shock den death be associated plus de occurrence of TTS secondary to an inciting physical stressor such as [[hemorrhage]], brain injury sepsis, [[pulmonary embolism]] anaa severe [[chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]] (COPD).<ref name="Akashi2015" /> E dey occur more commonly insyd postmenopausal women.<ref name="Akashi2015" /> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * [https://takotsubo.net/ Takotsubo Network] - website for professionals and people who have experienced Takotsubo {{Heart diseases}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Cardiomyopathy]] [[Category:Heart diseases]] [[Category:Articles wey dey contain video clips]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] tw05vdx6zor53rpq2r011c9b72uqsr4 10 31462 116602 2026-11-09T17:39:41Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh template 116602 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox | name = Heart diseases | title = [[Cardiovascular disease]] (heart) | bodyclass = hlist | state = {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}} | group1 = [[Ischemia]] | list1 = {{Navbox|subgroup | group1 = Coronary disease | list1 = * [[Coronary artery disease]] (CAD) * [[Coronary artery aneurysm]] * [[Spontaneous coronary artery dissection]] (SCAD) * [[Coronary thrombosis]] * [[Coronary vasospasm]] * [[Myocardial bridge]] | group2 = Active ischemia | list2 = * [[Angina|Angina pectoris]] ** [[Prinzmetal's angina]] ** [[Stable angina]] * [[Acute coronary syndrome]] ** [[Myocardial infarction]] ** [[Unstable angina]] |group3 = [[Myocardial infarction complications|Sequelae]] |list3 = * ''hours'' ** [[Hibernating myocardium]] ** [[Myocardial stunning]] * ''days'' ** [[Myocardial rupture]] * ''weeks'' ** [[Ventricular aneurysm]] ** [[Dressler syndrome]] }} | group2 = Layers | list2 = {{Navbox|subgroup | group1 = [[Pericardium]] | list1 = * [[Pericarditis]] ** [[Acute pericarditis|Acute]] ** [[Pericarditis#Acute vs. chronic|Chronic]] / [[Constrictive pericarditis|Constrictive]] * [[Pericardial effusion]] ** [[Cardiac tamponade]] ** [[Hemopericardium]] | group2 = [[Cardiac muscle|Myocardium]] | list2 = * [[Myocarditis]] ** [[Chagas disease]] * [[Cardiomyopathy]] ** [[Dilated cardiomyopathy|Dilated]] *** [[Alcoholic cardiomyopathy|Alcoholic]] ** [[Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy|Hypertrophic]] ** [[Tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy|Tachycardia-induced]] ** [[Restrictive cardiomyopathy|Restrictive]] ** [[Loeffler endocarditis]] ** [[Amyloidosis|Cardiac amyloidosis]] ** [[Endocardial fibroelastosis]] ** [[Viral cardiomyopathy|Viral]] * [[Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia]] | group3 = [[Endocardium]] /<br/> [[Valvular heart disease|valve]]s | list3 = {{Navbox|subgroup | group1 = [[Endocarditis]] | list1 = * ''[[infective endocarditis]]'' ** [[Subacute bacterial endocarditis]] * ''[[Endocarditis#Non-infective endocarditis|non-infective endocarditis]]'' ** [[Libman–Sacks endocarditis]] ** [[Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis]] | group2 = Valves | list2 = * ''[[mitral valve|mitral]]'' ** [[Mitral valve prolapse|prolapse]] ** [[Mitral valve stenosis|stenosis]] ** [[Mitral regurgitation|regurgitation]] * ''[[aortic valve|aortic]]'' ** [[Aortic stenosis|stenosis]] ** [[Aortic regurgitation|regurgitation]] * ''[[tricuspid valve|tricuspid]]'' ** [[Tricuspid valve stenosis|stenosis]] ** [[Tricuspid regurgitation|regurgitation]] * ''[[pulmonary valve|pulmonary]]'' ** [[Pulmonary valve stenosis|stenosis]] ** [[Pulmonary regurgitation|regurgitation]] }} }} | group3 = [[Cardiac conduction system|Conduction]] /<br/> [[arrhythmia]] | list3 = {{Navbox|subgroup | group1 = [[Bradycardia]] | list1 = * [[Sinus bradycardia]] * [[Sick sinus syndrome]] * [[Heart block]]: [[Sinoatrial block|Sinoatrial]] * [[Atrioventricular block|AV]] ** [[First-degree atrioventricular block|1°]] ** [[Second-degree atrioventricular block|2°]] ** [[Third-degree atrioventricular block|3°]] * [[intraventricular block|Intraventricular]] * [[Bundle branch block]] ** [[Right bundle branch block|Right]] ** [[Left bundle branch block|Left]] ** [[Left anterior fascicular block|Left anterior fascicle]] ** [[Left posterior fascicular block|Left posterior fascicle]] ** [[Bifascicular block|Bifascicular]] ** [[Trifascicular block|Trifascicular]] * [[Adams–Stokes syndrome]] | group2 = [[Tachycardia]]<br/> ([[Paroxysmal tachycardia|paroxysmal]] and [[Sinus tachycardia|sinus]]) | list2 = {{Navbox|subgroup | group1 = [[Supraventricular tachycardia|Supraventricular]] | list1 = * [[Atrial tachycardia|Atrial]] ** [[Multifocal atrial tachycardia|Multifocal]] * [[Junctional tachycardia|Junctional]] ** [[AV nodal reentrant tachycardia|AV nodal reentrant]] ** [[Junctional ectopic tachycardia|Junctional ectopic]] | group2 = [[Ventricular tachycardia|Ventricular]] | list2 = * [[Accelerated idioventricular rhythm]] * [[Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia|Catecholaminergic polymorphic]] * [[Torsades de pointes]] }} | group4 = Premature contraction | list4 = * [[Premature atrial contraction|Atrial]] * [[Premature junctional contraction|Junctional]] * [[Premature ventricular contraction|Ventricular]] | group5 = [[Pre-excitation syndrome]] | list5 = * [[Lown–Ganong–Levine syndrome|Lown–Ganong–Levine]] * [[Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome|Wolff–Parkinson–White]] | group6 = Flutter / [[fibrillation]] | list6 = * [[Atrial flutter]] * [[Ventricular flutter]] * [[Atrial fibrillation]] ** [[Familial atrial fibrillation|Familial]] * [[Ventricular fibrillation]] | group7 = [[Artificial cardiac pacemaker|Pacemaker]] | list7 = * [[Ectopic pacemaker]] / [[Ectopic beat]] * [[Multifocal atrial tachycardia]] * [[Pacemaker syndrome]] * [[Parasystole]] * [[Wandering atrial pacemaker]] | group8 = [[Long QT syndrome]] | list8 = * [[Andersen–Tawil syndrome|Andersen–Tawil]] * [[Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome|Jervell and Lange-Nielsen]] * [[Romano–Ward syndrome|Romano–Ward]] | group9 = [[Cardiac arrest]] | list9 = * [[Cardiac arrest|Sudden cardiac death]] * [[Asystole]] * [[Pulseless electrical activity]] * [[Sinoatrial arrest]] | group10 = Other / ungrouped | list10 = * ''[[hexaxial reference system]]'' ** [[Right axis deviation]] ** [[Left axis deviation]] * ''[[QT interval|QT]]'' ** [[Short QT syndrome]] * ''[[T wave|T]]'' ** [[T wave alternans]] * ''[[ST segment|ST]]'' ** [[J wave]] ** [[ST elevation]] ** [[ST depression]] * [[Strain pattern]] }} | group4 = [[Cardiomegaly]] | list4 = * [[Ventricular hypertrophy]] ** [[Left ventricular hypertrophy|Left]] ** [[Right ventricular hypertrophy|Right]] ** [[Pulmonary heart disease|Pulmonary]] * [[Atrial enlargement]] ** [[Left atrial enlargement|Left]] ** [[Right atrial enlargement|Right]] * [[Athletic heart syndrome]] | group5 = Other | list5 = * [[Cardiac fibrosis]] * [[Heart failure]] ** [[Diastolic heart failure]] ** [[Cardiac asthma]] * [[Rheumatic fever]] * [[Obstructive shock]] }}<noinclude> {{collapsible option}} [[Category:Cardiovascular system disease den disorder templates]] [[Category:Heart diseases|τ]] </noinclude> oi9f95sb0lsafjbyaf32i9m77hk4t9z 116603 116602 2026-11-09T17:40:57Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh template 116603 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox | name = Heart diseases | title = [[Cardiovascular disease]] (heart) | bodyclass = hlist | state = {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}} | group1 = [[Ischemia]] | list1 = {{Navbox|subgroup | group1 = Coronary disease | list1 = * [[Coronary artery disease]] (CAD) * [[Coronary artery aneurysm]] * [[Spontaneous coronary artery dissection]] (SCAD) * [[Coronary thrombosis]] * [[Coronary vasospasm]] * [[Myocardial bridge]] | group2 = Active ischemia | list2 = * [[Angina|Angina pectoris]] ** [[Prinzmetal's angina]] ** [[Stable angina]] * [[Acute coronary syndrome]] ** [[Myocardial infarction]] ** [[Unstable angina]] |group3 = [[Myocardial infarction complications|Sequelae]] |list3 = * ''hours'' ** [[Hibernating myocardium]] ** [[Myocardial stunning]] * ''days'' ** [[Myocardial rupture]] * ''weeks'' ** [[Ventricular aneurysm]] ** [[Dressler syndrome]] }} | group2 = Layers | list2 = {{Navbox|subgroup | group1 = [[Pericardium]] | list1 = * [[Pericarditis]] ** [[Acute pericarditis|Acute]] ** [[Pericarditis#Acute vs. chronic|Chronic]] / [[Constrictive pericarditis|Constrictive]] * [[Pericardial effusion]] ** [[Cardiac tamponade]] ** [[Hemopericardium]] | group2 = [[Cardiac muscle|Myocardium]] | list2 = * [[Myocarditis]] ** [[Chagas disease]] * [[Cardiomyopathy]] ** [[Dilated cardiomyopathy|Dilated]] *** [[Alcoholic cardiomyopathy|Alcoholic]] ** [[Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy|Hypertrophic]] ** [[Tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy|Tachycardia-induced]] ** [[Restrictive cardiomyopathy|Restrictive]] ** [[Loeffler endocarditis]] ** [[Amyloidosis|Cardiac amyloidosis]] ** [[Endocardial fibroelastosis]] ** [[Viral cardiomyopathy|Viral]] * [[Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia]] | group3 = [[Endocardium]] /<br/> [[Valvular heart disease|valve]]s | list3 = {{Navbox|subgroup | group1 = [[Endocarditis]] | list1 = * ''[[infective endocarditis]]'' ** [[Subacute bacterial endocarditis]] * ''[[Endocarditis#Non-infective endocarditis|non-infective endocarditis]]'' ** [[Libman–Sacks endocarditis]] ** [[Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis]] | group2 = Valves | list2 = * ''[[mitral valve|mitral]]'' ** [[Mitral valve prolapse|prolapse]] ** [[Mitral valve stenosis|stenosis]] ** [[Mitral regurgitation|regurgitation]] * ''[[aortic valve|aortic]]'' ** [[Aortic stenosis|stenosis]] ** [[Aortic regurgitation|regurgitation]] * ''[[tricuspid valve|tricuspid]]'' ** [[Tricuspid valve stenosis|stenosis]] ** [[Tricuspid regurgitation|regurgitation]] * ''[[pulmonary valve|pulmonary]]'' ** [[Pulmonary valve stenosis|stenosis]] ** [[Pulmonary regurgitation|regurgitation]] }} }} | group3 = [[Cardiac conduction system|Conduction]] /<br/> [[arrhythmia]] | list3 = {{Navbox|subgroup | group1 = [[Bradycardia]] | list1 = * [[Sinus bradycardia]] * [[Sick sinus syndrome]] * [[Heart block]]: [[Sinoatrial block|Sinoatrial]] * [[Atrioventricular block|AV]] ** [[First-degree atrioventricular block|1°]] ** [[Second-degree atrioventricular block|2°]] ** [[Third-degree atrioventricular block|3°]] * [[intraventricular block|Intraventricular]] * [[Bundle branch block]] ** [[Right bundle branch block|Right]] ** [[Left bundle branch block|Left]] ** [[Left anterior fascicular block|Left anterior fascicle]] ** [[Left posterior fascicular block|Left posterior fascicle]] ** [[Bifascicular block|Bifascicular]] ** [[Trifascicular block|Trifascicular]] * [[Adams–Stokes syndrome]] | group2 = [[Tachycardia]]<br/> ([[Paroxysmal tachycardia|paroxysmal]] and [[Sinus tachycardia|sinus]]) | list2 = {{Navbox|subgroup | group1 = [[Supraventricular tachycardia|Supraventricular]] | list1 = * [[Atrial tachycardia|Atrial]] ** [[Multifocal atrial tachycardia|Multifocal]] * [[Junctional tachycardia|Junctional]] ** [[AV nodal reentrant tachycardia|AV nodal reentrant]] ** [[Junctional ectopic tachycardia|Junctional ectopic]] | group2 = [[Ventricular tachycardia|Ventricular]] | list2 = * [[Accelerated idioventricular rhythm]] * [[Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia|Catecholaminergic polymorphic]] * [[Torsades de pointes]] }} | group4 = Premature contraction | list4 = * [[Premature atrial contraction|Atrial]] * [[Premature junctional contraction|Junctional]] * [[Premature ventricular contraction|Ventricular]] | group5 = [[Pre-excitation syndrome]] | list5 = * [[Lown–Ganong–Levine syndrome|Lown–Ganong–Levine]] * [[Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome|Wolff–Parkinson–White]] | group6 = Flutter / [[fibrillation]] | list6 = * [[Atrial flutter]] * [[Ventricular flutter]] * [[Atrial fibrillation]] ** [[Familial atrial fibrillation|Familial]] * [[Ventricular fibrillation]] | group7 = [[Artificial cardiac pacemaker|Pacemaker]] | list7 = * [[Ectopic pacemaker]] / [[Ectopic beat]] * [[Multifocal atrial tachycardia]] * [[Pacemaker syndrome]] * [[Parasystole]] * [[Wandering atrial pacemaker]] | group8 = [[Long QT syndrome]] | list8 = * [[Andersen–Tawil syndrome|Andersen–Tawil]] * [[Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome|Jervell and Lange-Nielsen]] * [[Romano–Ward syndrome|Romano–Ward]] | group9 = [[Cardiac arrest]] | list9 = * [[Cardiac arrest|Sudden cardiac death]] * [[Asystole]] * [[Pulseless electrical activity]] * [[Sinoatrial arrest]] | group10 = Other / ungrouped | list10 = * ''[[hexaxial reference system]]'' ** [[Right axis deviation]] ** [[Left axis deviation]] * ''[[QT interval|QT]]'' ** [[Short QT syndrome]] * ''[[T wave|T]]'' ** [[T wave alternans]] * ''[[ST segment|ST]]'' ** [[J wave]] ** [[ST elevation]] ** [[ST depression]] * [[Strain pattern]] }} | group4 = [[Cardiomegaly]] | list4 = * [[Ventricular hypertrophy]] ** [[Left ventricular hypertrophy|Left]] ** [[Right ventricular hypertrophy|Right]] ** [[Pulmonary heart disease|Pulmonary]] * [[Atrial enlargement]] ** [[Left atrial enlargement|Left]] ** [[Right atrial enlargement|Right]] * [[Athletic heart syndrome]] | group5 = Other | list5 = * [[Cardiac fibrosis]] * [[Heart failure]] ** [[Diastolic heart failure]] ** [[Cardiac asthma]] * [[Rheumatic fever]] * [[Obstructive shock]] }}<noinclude> [[Category:Cardiovascular system disease den disorder templates]] [[Category:Heart diseases|τ]] </noinclude> k6fu5rixe3tl794skgz0vcr1s8uumf9 14 31463 116604 2026-11-09T17:41:26Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 116604 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 0 31464 116606 2026-11-09T18:21:03Z DaSupremo 9 Created by translating the page [[:mdwiki:Special:Redirect/revision/1468402|Nail clubbing]] to:gpe #mdwikicx 116606 wikitext text/x-wiki == References == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] lv7phf3xzu26ynuxyy396ffgo8ljw9w 116607 116606 2026-11-09T18:26:53Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 116607 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Nail clubbing''', dem sanso know as '''digital clubbing''', be a rounded enlargement of de finger anaa toe [[Nail (anatomy)|nails]].<ref name=Stat2020/><ref name=Mc1990>{{cite journal |last1=McPhee |first1=SJ |last2=Walker |first2=HK |last3=Hall |first3=WD |last4=Hurst |first4=JW |title=Clubbing |date=1990 |pmid=21250207|journal=Clinical Methods: The History, Physical, and Laboratory Examinations}}</ref> Usually both sides be involved wey der be a lack of pain.<ref name=Mc1990/> Onset fi occur over a two week period den if de underlying cause be corrected fi resolve over a similar period of time.<ref name=Stat2020/> Wen e dey occur togeda plus [[joint pain]] den [[joint effusion|swelling]], den abnormal skin den bone growth e be known as [[hypertrophic osteoarthropathy]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Krugh |first1=M |last2=Vaidya |first2=PN |title=Osteoarthropathy Hypertrophic |date=January 2019 |pmid=31082012|journal=StatPearls}}</ref> == References == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] <references /> == External links == dv0x1c7flmwmtl4lornqnc44lidvmpi 116608 116607 2026-11-09T18:34:57Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 116608 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Nail clubbing''', dem sanso know as '''digital clubbing''', be a rounded enlargement of de finger anaa toe [[Nail (anatomy)|nails]].<ref name=Stat2020/><ref name=Mc1990>{{cite journal |last1=McPhee |first1=SJ |last2=Walker |first2=HK |last3=Hall |first3=WD |last4=Hurst |first4=JW |title=Clubbing |date=1990 |pmid=21250207|journal=Clinical Methods: The History, Physical, and Laboratory Examinations}}</ref> Usually both sides be involved wey der be a lack of pain.<ref name=Mc1990/> Onset fi occur over a two week period den if de underlying cause be corrected fi resolve over a similar period of time.<ref name=Stat2020/> Wen e dey occur togeda plus [[joint pain]] den [[joint effusion|swelling]], den abnormal skin den bone growth e be known as [[hypertrophic osteoarthropathy]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Krugh |first1=M |last2=Vaidya |first2=PN |title=Osteoarthropathy Hypertrophic |date=January 2019 |pmid=31082012|journal=StatPearls}}</ref> Clubbing be associated plus [[lung cancer]], lung infections, [[Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease|COPD]], [[interstitial lung disease]], [[cystic fibrosis]], [[cardiovascular disease]], [[inflammatory bowel disease]], [[cirrhosis]], den certain medications.<ref name=Stat2020/><ref name=AFP2012>{{cite journal |last1=Tully |first1=AS |last2=Trayes |first2=KP |last3=Studdiford |first3=JS |title=Evaluation of nail abnormalities. |journal=American family physician |date=15 April 2012 |volume=85 |issue=8 |pages=779-87 |pmid=22534387}}</ref> Clubbing sanso fi run insyd families anaa occur widout any identifiable cause.<ref name=Stat2020/> De underlying mechanism dey involve thickening of primarily de early part of de nail bed.<ref name=Goldman2020>{{cite book |last=Tosti |first=Antonella |editor1-last=Goldman |editor1-first=Lee |editor2-last=Schafer |editor2-first=Andrew I. |title=Goldman-Cecil Medicine |date=2020 |publisher=Elsevier |location=Philadelphia |isbn=978-0-323-53266-2 |page=2660 |edition=26th |volume=2 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7pKqDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA2660 |language=en |chapter=413. Diseases of hair and nails |access-date=2023-05-31 |archive-date=2023-06-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230630052012/https://books.google.com/books?id=7pKqDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA2660 |url-status=live }}</ref> Diagnosis be based on [[physical exam|examination]].<ref name=AFP2012/> == References == <references /> == External links == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] l737upd62hwkfks369etatxrpk1x2qx 116609 116608 2026-11-09T18:37:08Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 116609 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Nail clubbing''', dem sanso know as '''digital clubbing''', be a rounded enlargement of de finger anaa toe [[Nail (anatomy)|nails]].<ref name=Stat2020/><ref name=Mc1990>{{cite journal |last1=McPhee |first1=SJ |last2=Walker |first2=HK |last3=Hall |first3=WD |last4=Hurst |first4=JW |title=Clubbing |date=1990 |pmid=21250207|journal=Clinical Methods: The History, Physical, and Laboratory Examinations}}</ref> Usually both sides be involved wey der be a lack of pain.<ref name=Mc1990/> Onset fi occur over a two week period den if de underlying cause be corrected fi resolve over a similar period of time.<ref name=Stat2020/> Wen e dey occur togeda plus [[joint pain]] den [[joint effusion|swelling]], den abnormal skin den bone growth e be known as [[hypertrophic osteoarthropathy]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Krugh |first1=M |last2=Vaidya |first2=PN |title=Osteoarthropathy Hypertrophic |date=January 2019 |pmid=31082012|journal=StatPearls}}</ref> Clubbing be associated plus [[lung cancer]], lung infections, [[Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease|COPD]], [[interstitial lung disease]], [[cystic fibrosis]], [[cardiovascular disease]], [[inflammatory bowel disease]], [[cirrhosis]], den certain medications.<ref name=Stat2020/><ref name=AFP2012>{{cite journal |last1=Tully |first1=AS |last2=Trayes |first2=KP |last3=Studdiford |first3=JS |title=Evaluation of nail abnormalities. |journal=American family physician |date=15 April 2012 |volume=85 |issue=8 |pages=779-87 |pmid=22534387}}</ref> Clubbing sanso fi run insyd families anaa occur widout any identifiable cause.<ref name=Stat2020/> De underlying mechanism dey involve thickening of primarily de early part of de nail bed.<ref name=Goldman2020>{{cite book |last=Tosti |first=Antonella |editor1-last=Goldman |editor1-first=Lee |editor2-last=Schafer |editor2-first=Andrew I. |title=Goldman-Cecil Medicine |date=2020 |publisher=Elsevier |location=Philadelphia |isbn=978-0-323-53266-2 |page=2660 |edition=26th |volume=2 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7pKqDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA2660 |language=en |chapter=413. Diseases of hair and nails |access-date=2023-05-31 |archive-date=2023-06-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230630052012/https://books.google.com/books?id=7pKqDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA2660 |url-status=live }}</ref> Diagnosis be based on [[physical exam|examination]].<ref name=AFP2012/> Treatment be based on de underlying cause.<ref name=Stat2020/> Rates of clubbing be unknown; na e be present insyd about 1% of people dem admit to an [[internal medicine]] unit of a hospital.<ref name=Stat2020/> Clubbing describe since de time of [[Hippocrates]].<ref name=Stat2020>{{cite journal |last1=Burcovschii |first1=S |last2=Aboeed |first2=A |title=Nail Clubbing |date=January 2020 |pmid=30969535|journal=StatPearls}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] t58vacy8o0r4vfz3lqeqfb7qivnxlsj 116614 116609 2026-11-09T22:23:59Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 116614 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Nail clubbing''', dem sanso know as '''digital clubbing''', be a rounded enlargement of de finger anaa toe [[Nail (anatomy)|nails]].<ref name=Stat2020/><ref name=Mc1990>{{cite journal |last1=McPhee |first1=SJ |last2=Walker |first2=HK |last3=Hall |first3=WD |last4=Hurst |first4=JW |title=Clubbing |date=1990 |pmid=21250207|journal=Clinical Methods: The History, Physical, and Laboratory Examinations}}</ref> Usually both sides be involved wey der be a lack of pain.<ref name=Mc1990/> Onset fi occur over a two week period den if de underlying cause be corrected fi resolve over a similar period of time.<ref name=Stat2020/> Wen e dey occur togeda plus [[joint pain]] den [[joint effusion|swelling]], den abnormal skin den bone growth e be known as [[hypertrophic osteoarthropathy]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Krugh |first1=M |last2=Vaidya |first2=PN |title=Osteoarthropathy Hypertrophic |date=January 2019 |pmid=31082012|journal=StatPearls}}</ref> Clubbing be associated plus [[lung cancer]], lung infections, [[Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease|COPD]], [[interstitial lung disease]], [[cystic fibrosis]], [[cardiovascular disease]], [[inflammatory bowel disease]], [[cirrhosis]], den certain medications.<ref name=Stat2020/><ref name=AFP2012>{{cite journal |last1=Tully |first1=AS |last2=Trayes |first2=KP |last3=Studdiford |first3=JS |title=Evaluation of nail abnormalities. |journal=American family physician |date=15 April 2012 |volume=85 |issue=8 |pages=779-87 |pmid=22534387}}</ref> Clubbing sanso fi run insyd families anaa occur widout any identifiable cause.<ref name=Stat2020/> De underlying mechanism dey involve thickening of primarily de early part of de nail bed.<ref name=Goldman2020>{{cite book |last=Tosti |first=Antonella |editor1-last=Goldman |editor1-first=Lee |editor2-last=Schafer |editor2-first=Andrew I. |title=Goldman-Cecil Medicine |date=2020 |publisher=Elsevier |location=Philadelphia |isbn=978-0-323-53266-2 |page=2660 |edition=26th |volume=2 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7pKqDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA2660 |language=en |chapter=413. Diseases of hair and nails |access-date=2023-05-31 |archive-date=2023-06-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230630052012/https://books.google.com/books?id=7pKqDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA2660 |url-status=live }}</ref> Diagnosis be based on [[physical exam|examination]].<ref name=AFP2012/> Treatment be based on de underlying cause.<ref name=Stat2020/> Rates of clubbing be unknown; na e be present insyd about 1% of people dem admit to an [[internal medicine]] unit of a hospital.<ref name=Stat2020/> Clubbing describe since de time of [[Hippocrates]].<ref name=Stat2020>{{cite journal |last1=Burcovschii |first1=S |last2=Aboeed |first2=A |title=Nail Clubbing |date=January 2020 |pmid=30969535|journal=StatPearls}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} {{Disorders of skin appendages}} {{Respiratory system symptoms and signs}} [[Category:Conditions of de skin appendages]] [[Category:Symptoms den signs: musculoskeletal system]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 0vqqasr997kulotwn6r7taxt5pl0sok 10 31465 116610 2026-11-09T18:42:13Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh template 116610 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox | name = Respiratory system symptoms and signs | title = [[Signs and symptoms]] relating to the [[respiratory system]] | state = {{{state|autocollapse}}} | listclass = hlist | group1 = [[Auscultation]] | list1 = * [[Stethoscope]] * [[Respiratory sounds]] ** [[Stridor]] ** [[Wheeze]] ** [[Crackles]] ** [[Rhonchi]] ** [[Stertor]] ** [[Squawk (sound)|Squawk]] ** [[Pleural friction rub]] ** [[Fremitus]] ** [[Bronchophony]] ** [[Death rattle]] * Elicited findings ** [[Percussion (medicine)|Percussion]] ** [[Pectoriloquy]] ** [[Whispered pectoriloquy]] ** [[Egophony]] | group2 = [[Breathing]] | list2 = {{Navbox|subgroup| | group1 = Rate | list1 = * [[Apnea]] ** [[Apnea of prematurity|Prematurity]] ** [[Sleep apnea|Sleep]] * [[Shortness of breath|Dyspnea]] * [[Hyperventilation]] * [[Hypoventilation]] * [[Hyperpnea]] * [[Tachypnea]] * [[Hypopnea]] * [[Bradypnea]] |group2 = Pattern | list2 = * [[Agonal respiration]] * [[Biot's respiration]] * [[Cheyne–Stokes respiration]] * [[Kussmaul breathing]] * [[Ataxic respiration]] | group3 = Other | list3 = * [[Respiratory distress]] * [[Respiratory arrest]] * [[Orthopnea]]/[[Platypnea]] * [[Trepopnea]] * [[Aerophagia]] * [[Asphyxia]] * [[Breath-holding spell|Breath holding]] * [[Mouth breathing]] * [[Snoring]] }} |group4 = Vocal fold |list4 = * [[Aphonia]] ** [[Muteness]] *** [[Selective mutism|Selective]] *** [[Speech sound disorder|Phoneme]] * [[Dysphonia]] * [[Hypophonia]] |group5 = Other |list5 = * [[Chest pain]] ** [[Chest pain in children|In children]] ** [[Precordial catch syndrome]] ** [[Pleurisy]] * [[Nail clubbing]] * [[Cyanosis]] * [[Cough]] * [[Sputum]] * [[Hemoptysis]] * [[Epistaxis]] * [[Silhouette sign]] * [[Post-nasal drip]] * [[Hiccup]] * ''[[Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease|COPD]]'' ** [[Hoover's sign (pulmonary)|Hoover's sign]] * ''[[asthma]]'' ** [[Curschmann's spirals]] ** [[Charcot–Leyden crystals]] * ''[[Bronchitis#Chronic bronchitis|chronic bronchitis]]'' ** [[Reid index]] * ''[[sarcoidosis]]'' ** [[Kveim test]] * ''[[pulmonary embolism]]'' ** [[Hampton hump]] ** [[Westermark sign]] * ''[[pulmonary edema]]'' ** [[Kerley lines]] * [[Hamman's sign]] * [[Golden S sign]] }} <noinclude> [[Category:Medical symptoms den signs templates]] </noinclude> be8bujthqg7ji89skqjwuhzqzrfkjd6 14 31466 116611 2026-11-09T18:43:41Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 116611 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 10 31467 116612 2026-11-09T18:45:18Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh template 116612 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox | name = Disorders of skin appendages | title = Disorders of [[skin appendage]]s | listclass = hlist | state = {{{state<includeonly>|autocollapse</includeonly>}}} | group1 = [[Nail disease|Nail]] | list1 = * thickness: [[Onychogryphosis]] * [[Onychauxis]] * color: [[Beau's lines]] * [[Yellow nail syndrome]] * [[Leukonychia]] * [[blue nails|Azure lunula]] * shape: [[Koilonychia]] * [[Nail clubbing]] * behavior: [[Onychotillomania]] * [[Onychophagia]] * other: [[Ingrown nail]] * [[Anonychia]] * ungrouped: [[Paronychia]] ** [[Acute paronychia|Acute]] ** [[Chronic paronychia|Chronic]] * [[Accessory nail of the fifth toe]] * [[Chevron nail]] * [[Congenital onychodysplasia of the index fingers]] * [[Green nails]] * [[Half and half nail]]s * [[Hangnail]] * [[Hapalonychia]] * [[Hook nail]] * [[Lichen planus of the nails]] * [[Longitudinal erythronychia]] * [[Malalignment of the nail plate]] * [[Median nail dystrophy]] * [[Mees' lines]] * [[Melanonychia]] * [[Muehrcke's lines]] * [[Nail–patella syndrome]] * [[Onychoatrophy]] * [[Onycholysis]] * [[Onychomadesis]] * [[Onychomatricoma]] * [[Onychomycosis]] * [[Onychophosis]] * [[Onychoptosis defluvium]] * [[Onychopapilloma]] * [[Onychorrhexis]] * [[Onychoschizia]] * [[Platonychia]] * [[Pincer nail]]s * [[Plummer's nail]] * [[Psoriatic nails]] * [[Pterygium inversum unguis]] * [[Pterygium unguis]] * [[Purpura of the nail bed]] * [[Racquet nail]] * [[Red lunulae]] * [[Shell nail syndrome]] * [[Splinter hemorrhage]] * [[Spotted lunulae]] * [[Staining of the nail plate]] * [[Subungual hematoma]] * [[Terry's nails]] * [[Twenty-nail dystrophy]] | group2 = [[Hair disease|Hair]] | list2 = {{Navbox|subgroup | group1 = [[Hair loss]]/<br />[[Baldness]] | list1 = * ''[[noncicatricial alopecia]]:'' [[Hair loss|Alopecia]] ** [[Alopecia areata|areata]] ** [[Alopecia totalis|totalis]] ** [[Alopecia universalis|universalis]] ** [[Ophiasis]] * [[Androgenic alopecia]] (male-pattern baldness) * [[Hypotrichosis]] * [[Telogen effluvium]] * [[Traction alopecia]] * [[Lichen planopilaris]] * [[Trichorrhexis nodosa]] * [[Alopecia neoplastica]] * [[Anagen effluvium]] * [[Alopecia mucinosa]] * ''[[cicatricial alopecia]]:'' [[Pseudopelade of Brocq]] * [[Central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia]] * [[Pressure alopecia]] * [[Traumatic alopecia]] * [[Tumor alopecia]] * [[Hot comb alopecia]] * [[Dissecting cellulitis of the scalp]] * [[Graham-Little syndrome]] * [[Folliculitis decalvans]] * ''ungrouped:'' [[Triangular alopecia]] * [[Frontal fibrosing alopecia]] * [[Marie Unna hereditary hypotrichosis]] | group2 = [[Hypertrichosis]] | list2 = * [[Hirsutism]] * Acquired ** [[Localized acquired hypertrichosis|localised]] ** [[Acquired generalized hypertrichosis|generalised]] ** [[Patterned acquired hypertrichosis|patterned]] * Congenital ** [[Generalized congenital hypertrichosis|generalised]] ** [[Localized congenital hypertrichosis|localised]] ** [[X-linked hypertrichosis|X-linked]] * [[Prepubertal hypertrichosis|Prepubertal]] * [[Nevoid hypertrichosis]] | group3 = [[Acneiform eruption|Acneiform<br/>eruption]] | list3 = {{Navbox|subgroup | group1 = [[Acneiform eruption|Acne]] | list1 = * [[Acne vulgaris]] * [[Acne conglobata]] * [[Acne miliaris necrotica]] * [[Tropical acne]] * [[Infantile acne]]/[[Neonatal acne]] * [[Excoriated acne]] * [[Acne fulminans]] * [[Acne medicamentosa]] (e.g., [[steroid acne]]) * [[Halogen acne]] ** [[Iododerma]] ** [[Bromoderma]] ** [[Chloracne]] * [[Oil acne]] * [[Tar acne]] * [[Acne cosmetica]] * [[Occupational acne]] * [[Acne aestivalis]] * [[Acne keloidalis nuchae]] * [[Acne mechanica]] * [[Acne with facial edema]] * [[Pomade acne]] * [[Acne necrotica]] * [[Blackhead]] * [[Lupus miliaris disseminatus faciei]] | group2 = [[Rosacea]] | list2 = * [[Perioral dermatitis]] ** [[Granulomatous perioral dermatitis]] * [[Phymatous rosacea]] ** [[Rhinophyma]] ** [[Blepharophyma]] ** [[Gnathophyma]] ** [[Metophyma]] ** [[Otophyma]] * [[Papulopustular rosacea]] * [[Lupoid rosacea]] * [[Erythrotelangiectatic rosacea]] * [[Glandular rosacea]] * [[Gram-negative rosacea]] * [[Steroid rosacea]] * [[Ocular rosacea]] * [[Persistent edema of rosacea]] * [[Rosacea conglobata]] * ''variants'' ** [[Periorificial dermatitis]] ** [[Pyoderma faciale]] | group3 = Ungrouped | list3 = * [[Granulomatous facial dermatitis]] * [[Idiopathic facial aseptic granuloma]] * [[Periorbital dermatitis]] * [[SAPHO syndrome]] }} | group4 = Follicular [[cyst]]s | list4 = * "[[Sebaceous cyst]]" ** [[Epidermoid cyst]] ** [[Trichilemmal cyst]] * Steatocystoma ** [[Steatocystoma simplex|simplex]] ** [[Steatocystoma multiplex|multiplex]] * [[Milium (dermatology)|Milia]] | group5 = [[Inflammation]] | list5 = * [[Folliculitis]] ** [[Folliculitis nares perforans]] ** [[Tufted folliculitis]] * [[Pseudofolliculitis barbae]] * [[Hidradenitis]] ** [[Hidradenitis suppurativa]] ** [[Recurrent palmoplantar hidradenitis]] ** [[Neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis]] | group6 = Ungrouped | list6 = * [[Acrokeratosis paraneoplastica of Bazex]] * [[Acroosteolysis]] * [[Bubble hair deformity]] * [[Disseminate and recurrent infundibulofolliculitis]] * [[Erosive pustular dermatosis of the scalp]] * [[Erythromelanosis follicularis faciei et colli]] * [[Hair casts]] * [[Hair follicle nevus]] * Intermittent hair–follicle dystrophy * [[Keratosis pilaris atropicans]] * [[Kinking hair]] * [[Koenen's tumor]] * [[Lichen planopilaris]] * [[Lichen spinulosus]] * [[Loose anagen syndrome]] * [[Menkes kinky hair syndrome]] * [[Monilethrix]] * [[Parakeratosis pustulosa]] * Pili ([[Pili annulati]] * [[Pili bifurcati]] * [[Pili multigemini]] * [[Pili pseudoannulati]] * [[Pili torti]]) * [[Pityriasis amiantacea]] * [[Plica neuropathica]] * [[Poliosis]] * [[Rubinstein–Taybi syndrome]] * [[Setleis syndrome]] * [[Traumatic anserine folliculosis]] * [[Trichomegaly]] * [[Trichomycosis axillaris]] * Trichorrhexis ([[Trichorrhexis invaginata]] * [[Trichorrhexis nodosa]]) * [[Trichostasis spinulosa]] * [[Uncombable hair syndrome]] * [[Woolly hair nevus]] }} | group3 = [[Sweat gland disease|Sweat<br/>gland]]s | list3 = {{Navbox|subgroup | group1 = [[Eccrine sweat gland|Eccrine]] | list1 = * [[Miliaria]] ** [[Colloid milium]] ** [[Miliaria crystalline]] ** [[Miliaria profunda]] ** [[Miliaria pustulosa]] ** [[Miliaria rubra]] ** [[Occlusion miliaria]] ** [[Postmiliarial hypohidrosis]] * [[Granulosis rubra nasi]] * [[Ross' syndrome]] * [[Hyperhidrosis]] ** [[Generalized hyperhidrosis|Generalized]] ** [[Gustatory hyperhidrosis|Gustatory]] ** [[Palmoplantar hyperhidrosis|Palmoplantar]] * [[Hypohidrosis]] ** [[Anhidrosis]] | group2 = [[Apocrine]] | list2 = * [[Body odor]] * [[Chromhidrosis]] * [[Fox–Fordyce disease]] | group3 = [[Sebaceous gland|Sebaceous]] | list3 = * [[Sebaceous hyperplasia]] }} }}<noinclude> [[Category:Conditions of de skin appendages]] [[Category:Integumentary disease den disorder templates|Skin and subcutaneous tissue]] </noinclude> 1tw92tixffk25tk28b7yterqyj89nr6 14 31468 116613 2026-11-09T18:45:35Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 116613 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 0 31469 116615 2026-11-09T23:22:20Z DaSupremo 9 Created by translating the page [[:mdwiki:Special:Redirect/revision/1458188|Hyperparathyroidism]] to:gpe #mdwikicx 116615 wikitext text/x-wiki == References == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] lv7phf3xzu26ynuxyy396ffgo8ljw9w 116616 116615 2026-11-09T23:27:35Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 116616 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Hyperparathyroidism''' be an increase insyd [[parathyroid hormone]] (PTH) levels insyd de [[blood]].<ref name="Fraser-2009"/><ref name="Allerheiligen-1998">{{cite journal | vauthors = Allerheiligen DA, Schoeber J, Houston RE, Mohl VK, Wildman KM | title = Hyperparathyroidism | journal = American Family Physician | volume = 57 | issue = 8 | pages = 1795–802, 1807–8 | date = April 1998 | pmid = 9575320 }}</ref> Dis dey occur from a disorder either within de [[parathyroid gland]]s ([[primary hyperparathyroidism]]) anaa as response to external stimuli ([[secondary hyperparathyroidism]]).<ref name="Fraser-2009"/> Symptoms of hyperparathyroidism be caused by inappropriately [[elevated blood calcium]] dem excrete from de bones into de blood stream in response to increased production of parathyroid hormone.<ref name="Fraser-2009" /> Insyd healthy people, wen blood calcium levels dey high, parathyroid hormone levels for be low. Plus long-standing hyperparathyroidism, de most common symptom be [[kidney stone]]s.<ref name="Fraser-2009"/> Oda symptoms fi include bone pain, weakness, depression, confusion, den increased urination.<ref name="Fraser-2009"/><ref name="NIDDK-2012">{{cite web|title=Primary Hyperparathyroidism|url=https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/endocrine-diseases/primary-hyperparathyroidism?dkrd=hispw0130|website=NIDDK|access-date=27 September 2016|date=August 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161004223909/https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/endocrine/primary-hyperparathyroidism/Pages/fact-sheet.aspx|archive-date=4 October 2016}}</ref> Both primary den secondary fi result in [[osteoporosis]] (weakening of de bones).<ref name="NIDDK-2012"/><ref name="Michels-2013"/> == References == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] <references /> == External links == 6vw4ui9fyz9y3w58hotnfcliw9lgvbu 116617 116616 2026-11-09T23:30:36Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 116617 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Hyperparathyroidism''' be an increase insyd [[parathyroid hormone]] (PTH) levels insyd de [[blood]].<ref name="Fraser-2009"/><ref name="Allerheiligen-1998">{{cite journal | vauthors = Allerheiligen DA, Schoeber J, Houston RE, Mohl VK, Wildman KM | title = Hyperparathyroidism | journal = American Family Physician | volume = 57 | issue = 8 | pages = 1795–802, 1807–8 | date = April 1998 | pmid = 9575320 }}</ref> Dis dey occur from a disorder either within de [[parathyroid gland]]s ([[primary hyperparathyroidism]]) anaa as response to external stimuli ([[secondary hyperparathyroidism]]).<ref name="Fraser-2009"/> Symptoms of hyperparathyroidism be caused by inappropriately [[elevated blood calcium]] dem excrete from de bones into de blood stream in response to increased production of parathyroid hormone.<ref name="Fraser-2009" /> Insyd healthy people, wen blood calcium levels dey high, parathyroid hormone levels for be low. Plus long-standing hyperparathyroidism, de most common symptom be [[kidney stone]]s.<ref name="Fraser-2009"/> Oda symptoms fi include bone pain, weakness, depression, confusion, den increased urination.<ref name="Fraser-2009"/><ref name="NIDDK-2012">{{cite web|title=Primary Hyperparathyroidism|url=https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/endocrine-diseases/primary-hyperparathyroidism?dkrd=hispw0130|website=NIDDK|access-date=27 September 2016|date=August 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161004223909/https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/endocrine/primary-hyperparathyroidism/Pages/fact-sheet.aspx|archive-date=4 October 2016}}</ref> Both primary den secondary fi result in [[osteoporosis]] (weakening of de bones).<ref name="NIDDK-2012"/><ref name="Michels-2013"/> Insyd 80% of cases, primary hyperparathyroidism be secof a single [[benign tumor]] dem know as a [[parathyroid adenoma]].<ref name="Fraser-2009" /><ref name="NIDDK-2012" /> Chaw of de remainder be secof several of dese adenomas.<ref name="Fraser-2009" /><ref name="NIDDK-2012" /> Very rarely e fi be secof [[parathyroid cancer]].<ref name="NIDDK-2012" /> Secondary hyperparathyroidism typically dey occur secof [[vitamin D deficiency]], [[chronic kidney disease]], anaa oda causes of [[hypocalcemia|low blood calcium]].<ref name="Fraser-2009">{{cite journal | vauthors = Fraser WD | title = Hyperparathyroidism | journal = Lancet | volume = 374 | issue = 9684 | pages = 145–58 | date = July 2009 | pmid = 19595349 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60507-9 }}</ref> De diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism be made by finding elevated calcium den PTH insyd de blood.<ref name="NIDDK-2012" /> == References == <references /> == External links == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] iankurq77osk54drgty9pdz2qb1g32s 116618 116617 2026-11-10T11:05:33Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 116618 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Hyperparathyroidism''' be an increase insyd [[parathyroid hormone]] (PTH) levels insyd de [[blood]].<ref name="Fraser-2009"/><ref name="Allerheiligen-1998">{{cite journal | vauthors = Allerheiligen DA, Schoeber J, Houston RE, Mohl VK, Wildman KM | title = Hyperparathyroidism | journal = American Family Physician | volume = 57 | issue = 8 | pages = 1795–802, 1807–8 | date = April 1998 | pmid = 9575320 }}</ref> Dis dey occur from a disorder either within de [[parathyroid gland]]s ([[primary hyperparathyroidism]]) anaa as response to external stimuli ([[secondary hyperparathyroidism]]).<ref name="Fraser-2009"/> Symptoms of hyperparathyroidism be caused by inappropriately [[elevated blood calcium]] dem excrete from de bones into de blood stream in response to increased production of parathyroid hormone.<ref name="Fraser-2009" /> Insyd healthy people, wen blood calcium levels dey high, parathyroid hormone levels for be low. Plus long-standing hyperparathyroidism, de most common symptom be [[kidney stone]]s.<ref name="Fraser-2009"/> Oda symptoms fi include bone pain, weakness, depression, confusion, den increased urination.<ref name="Fraser-2009"/><ref name="NIDDK-2012">{{cite web|title=Primary Hyperparathyroidism|url=https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/endocrine-diseases/primary-hyperparathyroidism?dkrd=hispw0130|website=NIDDK|access-date=27 September 2016|date=August 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161004223909/https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/endocrine/primary-hyperparathyroidism/Pages/fact-sheet.aspx|archive-date=4 October 2016}}</ref> Both primary den secondary fi result in [[osteoporosis]] (weakening of de bones).<ref name="NIDDK-2012"/><ref name="Michels-2013"/> Insyd 80% of cases, primary hyperparathyroidism be secof a single [[benign tumor]] dem know as a [[parathyroid adenoma]].<ref name="Fraser-2009" /><ref name="NIDDK-2012" /> Chaw of de remainder be secof several of dese adenomas.<ref name="Fraser-2009" /><ref name="NIDDK-2012" /> Very rarely e fi be secof [[parathyroid cancer]].<ref name="NIDDK-2012" /> Secondary hyperparathyroidism typically dey occur secof [[vitamin D deficiency]], [[chronic kidney disease]], anaa oda causes of [[hypocalcemia|low blood calcium]].<ref name="Fraser-2009">{{cite journal | vauthors = Fraser WD | title = Hyperparathyroidism | journal = Lancet | volume = 374 | issue = 9684 | pages = 145–58 | date = July 2009 | pmid = 19595349 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60507-9 }}</ref> De diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism be made by finding elevated calcium den PTH insyd de blood.<ref name="NIDDK-2012" /> Primary hyperparathyroidism only fi be cured by removing de adenoma anaa overactive parathyroid glands, dem know as parathyroidectoy.<ref name="McDow-2018">{{cite journal | vauthors = McDow AD, Sippel RS | title = Should Symptoms Be Considered an Indication for Parathyroidectomy in Primary Hyperparathyroidism? | journal = Clinical Medicine Insights. Endocrinology and Diabetes | volume = 11 | article-number = 1179551418785135 | date = 2018-01-01 | pmid = 30013413 | pmc = 6043916 | doi = 10.1177/1179551418785135 }}</ref><ref name="Fraser-2009"/><ref name="NIDDK-2012"/> Insyd asymptomatic patients wey present plus mildly elevated blood calcium levels, plus otherwise normal kidneys, den plus normal [[bone density]], monitoring fi be all dat be required.<ref name="NIDDK-2012"/> De medication [[cinacalcet]] sanso fi be used to decrease PTH levels insyd those unable to get surgery although e no be a cure.<ref name="NIDDK-2012"/> Insyd patients plus very high blood calcium levels, treatment fi include large amounts of [[Saline (medicine)|intravenous normal saline]].<ref name="Fraser-2009"/> Low vitamin D for be corrected insyd those plus secondary hyperparathyroidism buh low Vitamin D pre-surgery be controversial for those plus primary hyperparathyroidism.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Randle RW, Balentine CJ, Wendt E, Schneider DF, Chen H, Sippel RS | title = Should vitamin D deficiency be corrected before parathyroidectomy? | journal = The Journal of Surgical Research | volume = 204 | issue = 1 | pages = 94–100 | date = July 2016 | pmid = 27451873 | doi = 10.1016/j.jss.2016.04.022 }}</ref> Low vitamin D levels for be corrected post-parathyroidectomy.<ref name="NIDDK-2012"/> == References == <references /> == External links == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 9swcnkpchhxe7hcs4rplo3oyp2pool5 116619 116618 2026-11-10T11:06:46Z DaSupremo 9 Fix reference 116619 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Hyperparathyroidism''' be an increase insyd [[parathyroid hormone]] (PTH) levels insyd de [[blood]].<ref name="Fraser-2009"/><ref name="Allerheiligen-1998">{{cite journal | vauthors = Allerheiligen DA, Schoeber J, Houston RE, Mohl VK, Wildman KM | title = Hyperparathyroidism | journal = American Family Physician | volume = 57 | issue = 8 | pages = 1795–802, 1807–8 | date = April 1998 | pmid = 9575320 }}</ref> Dis dey occur from a disorder either within de [[parathyroid gland]]s ([[primary hyperparathyroidism]]) anaa as response to external stimuli ([[secondary hyperparathyroidism]]).<ref name="Fraser-2009"/> Symptoms of hyperparathyroidism be caused by inappropriately [[elevated blood calcium]] dem excrete from de bones into de blood stream in response to increased production of parathyroid hormone.<ref name="Fraser-2009" /> Insyd healthy people, wen blood calcium levels dey high, parathyroid hormone levels for be low. Plus long-standing hyperparathyroidism, de most common symptom be [[kidney stone]]s.<ref name="Fraser-2009"/> Oda symptoms fi include bone pain, weakness, depression, confusion, den increased urination.<ref name="Fraser-2009"/><ref name="NIDDK-2012">{{cite web|title=Primary Hyperparathyroidism|url=https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/endocrine-diseases/primary-hyperparathyroidism?dkrd=hispw0130|website=NIDDK|access-date=27 September 2016|date=August 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161004223909/https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/endocrine/primary-hyperparathyroidism/Pages/fact-sheet.aspx|archive-date=4 October 2016}}</ref> Both primary den secondary fi result in [[osteoporosis]] (weakening of de bones).<ref name="NIDDK-2012"/><ref name="Michels-20132">{{cite journal |vauthors=Michels TC, Kelly KM |date=August 2013 |title=Parathyroid disorders |journal=American Family Physician |volume=88 |issue=4 |pages=249–57 |pmid=23944728}}</ref> Insyd 80% of cases, primary hyperparathyroidism be secof a single [[benign tumor]] dem know as a [[parathyroid adenoma]].<ref name="Fraser-2009" /><ref name="NIDDK-2012" /> Chaw of de remainder be secof several of dese adenomas.<ref name="Fraser-2009" /><ref name="NIDDK-2012" /> Very rarely e fi be secof [[parathyroid cancer]].<ref name="NIDDK-2012" /> Secondary hyperparathyroidism typically dey occur secof [[vitamin D deficiency]], [[chronic kidney disease]], anaa oda causes of [[hypocalcemia|low blood calcium]].<ref name="Fraser-2009">{{cite journal | vauthors = Fraser WD | title = Hyperparathyroidism | journal = Lancet | volume = 374 | issue = 9684 | pages = 145–58 | date = July 2009 | pmid = 19595349 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60507-9 }}</ref> De diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism be made by finding elevated calcium den PTH insyd de blood.<ref name="NIDDK-2012" /> Primary hyperparathyroidism only fi be cured by removing de adenoma anaa overactive parathyroid glands, dem know as parathyroidectoy.<ref name="McDow-2018">{{cite journal | vauthors = McDow AD, Sippel RS | title = Should Symptoms Be Considered an Indication for Parathyroidectomy in Primary Hyperparathyroidism? | journal = Clinical Medicine Insights. Endocrinology and Diabetes | volume = 11 | article-number = 1179551418785135 | date = 2018-01-01 | pmid = 30013413 | pmc = 6043916 | doi = 10.1177/1179551418785135 }}</ref><ref name="Fraser-2009"/><ref name="NIDDK-2012"/> Insyd asymptomatic patients wey present plus mildly elevated blood calcium levels, plus otherwise normal kidneys, den plus normal [[bone density]], monitoring fi be all dat be required.<ref name="NIDDK-2012"/> De medication [[cinacalcet]] sanso fi be used to decrease PTH levels insyd those unable to get surgery although e no be a cure.<ref name="NIDDK-2012"/> Insyd patients plus very high blood calcium levels, treatment fi include large amounts of [[Saline (medicine)|intravenous normal saline]].<ref name="Fraser-2009"/> Low vitamin D for be corrected insyd those plus secondary hyperparathyroidism buh low Vitamin D pre-surgery be controversial for those plus primary hyperparathyroidism.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Randle RW, Balentine CJ, Wendt E, Schneider DF, Chen H, Sippel RS | title = Should vitamin D deficiency be corrected before parathyroidectomy? | journal = The Journal of Surgical Research | volume = 204 | issue = 1 | pages = 94–100 | date = July 2016 | pmid = 27451873 | doi = 10.1016/j.jss.2016.04.022 }}</ref> Low vitamin D levels for be corrected post-parathyroidectomy.<ref name="NIDDK-2012"/> == References == <references /> == External links == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] gw99majhcv0gdl0a2k13c4iap42evuh 116622 116619 2026-11-10T11:16:02Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 116622 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Hyperparathyroidism''' be an increase insyd [[parathyroid hormone]] (PTH) levels insyd de [[blood]].<ref name="Fraser-2009"/><ref name="Allerheiligen-1998">{{cite journal | vauthors = Allerheiligen DA, Schoeber J, Houston RE, Mohl VK, Wildman KM | title = Hyperparathyroidism | journal = American Family Physician | volume = 57 | issue = 8 | pages = 1795–802, 1807–8 | date = April 1998 | pmid = 9575320 }}</ref> Dis dey occur from a disorder either within de [[parathyroid gland]]s ([[primary hyperparathyroidism]]) anaa as response to external stimuli ([[secondary hyperparathyroidism]]).<ref name="Fraser-2009"/> Symptoms of hyperparathyroidism be caused by inappropriately [[elevated blood calcium]] dem excrete from de bones into de blood stream in response to increased production of parathyroid hormone.<ref name="Fraser-2009" /> Insyd healthy people, wen blood calcium levels dey high, parathyroid hormone levels for be low. Plus long-standing hyperparathyroidism, de most common symptom be [[kidney stone]]s.<ref name="Fraser-2009"/> Oda symptoms fi include bone pain, weakness, depression, confusion, den increased urination.<ref name="Fraser-2009"/><ref name="NIDDK-2012">{{cite web|title=Primary Hyperparathyroidism|url=https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/endocrine-diseases/primary-hyperparathyroidism?dkrd=hispw0130|website=NIDDK|access-date=27 September 2016|date=August 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161004223909/https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/endocrine/primary-hyperparathyroidism/Pages/fact-sheet.aspx|archive-date=4 October 2016}}</ref> Both primary den secondary fi result in [[osteoporosis]] (weakening of de bones).<ref name="NIDDK-2012"/><ref name="Michels-20132">{{cite journal |vauthors=Michels TC, Kelly KM |date=August 2013 |title=Parathyroid disorders |journal=American Family Physician |volume=88 |issue=4 |pages=249–57 |pmid=23944728}}</ref> Insyd 80% of cases, primary hyperparathyroidism be secof a single [[benign tumor]] dem know as a [[parathyroid adenoma]].<ref name="Fraser-2009" /><ref name="NIDDK-2012" /> Chaw of de remainder be secof several of dese adenomas.<ref name="Fraser-2009" /><ref name="NIDDK-2012" /> Very rarely e fi be secof [[parathyroid cancer]].<ref name="NIDDK-2012" /> Secondary hyperparathyroidism typically dey occur secof [[vitamin D deficiency]], [[chronic kidney disease]], anaa oda causes of [[hypocalcemia|low blood calcium]].<ref name="Fraser-2009">{{cite journal | vauthors = Fraser WD | title = Hyperparathyroidism | journal = Lancet | volume = 374 | issue = 9684 | pages = 145–58 | date = July 2009 | pmid = 19595349 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60507-9 }}</ref> De diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism be made by finding elevated calcium den PTH insyd de blood.<ref name="NIDDK-2012" /> Primary hyperparathyroidism only fi be cured by removing de adenoma anaa overactive parathyroid glands, dem know as parathyroidectoy.<ref name="McDow-2018">{{cite journal | vauthors = McDow AD, Sippel RS | title = Should Symptoms Be Considered an Indication for Parathyroidectomy in Primary Hyperparathyroidism? | journal = Clinical Medicine Insights. Endocrinology and Diabetes | volume = 11 | article-number = 1179551418785135 | date = 2018-01-01 | pmid = 30013413 | pmc = 6043916 | doi = 10.1177/1179551418785135 }}</ref><ref name="Fraser-2009"/><ref name="NIDDK-2012"/> Insyd asymptomatic patients wey present plus mildly elevated blood calcium levels, plus otherwise normal kidneys, den plus normal [[bone density]], monitoring fi be all dat be required.<ref name="NIDDK-2012"/> De medication [[cinacalcet]] sanso fi be used to decrease PTH levels insyd those unable to get surgery although e no be a cure.<ref name="NIDDK-2012"/> Insyd patients plus very high blood calcium levels, treatment fi include large amounts of [[Saline (medicine)|intravenous normal saline]].<ref name="Fraser-2009"/> Low vitamin D for be corrected insyd those plus secondary hyperparathyroidism buh low Vitamin D pre-surgery be controversial for those plus primary hyperparathyroidism.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Randle RW, Balentine CJ, Wendt E, Schneider DF, Chen H, Sippel RS | title = Should vitamin D deficiency be corrected before parathyroidectomy? | journal = The Journal of Surgical Research | volume = 204 | issue = 1 | pages = 94–100 | date = July 2016 | pmid = 27451873 | doi = 10.1016/j.jss.2016.04.022 }}</ref> Low vitamin D levels for be corrected post-parathyroidectomy.<ref name="NIDDK-2012"/> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * [http://www.endocrine.niddk.nih.gov/pubs/hyper/hyper.htm Overview] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110524101254/http://www.endocrine.niddk.nih.gov/pubs/hyper/hyper.htm |date=2011-05-24 }} at [[Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Information Service]] * {{cite journal | vauthors = Insogna KL | title = Primary Hyperparathyroidism | journal = The New England Journal of Medicine | volume = 379 | issue = 11 | pages = 1050–1059 | date = September 2018 | pmid = 30207907 | doi = 10.1056/NEJMcp1714213 | type = Review }} {{Parathyroid disease}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Parathyroid disorders]] [[Category:Endocrine-related cutaneous conditions]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] tfjcm2gvrshsppffbojv4hq5yzk3u5h 10 31470 116620 2026-11-10T11:10:13Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh template 116620 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navbox | name = Parathyroid disease | title = [[Parathyroid disease]] | state = {{{state<includeonly>|autocollapse</includeonly>}}} | listclass = hlist | group1 = [[Hypoparathyroidism]] | list1 = * [[Pseudohypoparathyroidism]] * [[Pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism]] | group2 = [[Hyperparathyroidism]] | list2 = * [[Primary hyperparathyroidism|Primary]] * [[Secondary hyperparathyroidism|Secondary]] * [[Tertiary hyperparathyroidism|Tertiary]] * [[Osteitis fibrosa cystica]] | group3 = Other | list3 = * [[Parathyroiditis]] }}<noinclude> [[Category:Endocrine system disease den disorder templates]] </noinclude> 4myuozqt2bewiapinqfdm72tmkxvxqg 14 31471 116621 2026-11-10T11:13:37Z DaSupremo 9 Fresh category 116621 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1