Wikipedia gvwiki https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ard-ghuillag MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.9 first-letter Meanyn Er lheh Resooney Ymmydeyr Resooney ymmydeyr Wikipedia Resooney Wikipedia Coadan Resooney coadan MediaWiki Resooney MediaWiki Clowan Resooney clowan Cooney Resooney cooney Ronney Resooney ronney TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk Ecser 0 4511 384154 383918 2026-07-04T17:46:51Z Globetrotter19 10995 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[c:COM:FR|File renamed]]: [[File:Ecseri 159.jpg]] → [[File:Szlovák Tájház, Ecseri 159.jpg]] bad name 384154 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Kishtey fys boayl | ennym_gienneydagh = Ecser | ennym = Ecser | ennym_elley = | ennym_dooghyssagh = | sorçh_balley = Caayr | jalloo_armys = HUN Ecser COA.jpg | mooadys_armys = 80px | jalloo_brattagh = | mooadys_brattagh = | jarroo-raa = | far-ennym = | jalloo_bun_speyrey = Ecseri 168.jpg | mooadys_jalloo = 250px | fo-heidyl_jalloo = | caslys-çheerey_broo-freeney = ny h-Ungaar | soiaghey_lipaid_broo-freeney = | fo-heidyl_caslys-çheerey_broo-freeney = Soiaghey Ecser 'syn Ungaar | mooadys_caslys-çheerey_broo-freeney = | ard_coordnaidyn = HU | taishbyney_coordnaidyn = inline, title | sorçh_aarheynn = Çheer | ennym_aarheynn = {{brattagh|Hungary|Yn Ungaar}} | sorçh_aarheynn1 = [[Ardjyn ny h-Ungaar|Ard]] | ennym_aarheynn1 = [[Yn Ungaar Veanagh]] | sorçh_aarheynn2 = [[Coondaeghyn ny h-Ungaar|Coontae]] | ennym_aarheynn2 = [[Coontae Pest]] | sorçh_aarheynn3 = | ennym_aarheynn3 = | sorçh_aarheynn4 = | ennym_aarheynn4 = | enmys_bunneeaght= | date_bunneeaght = | enmys_bunneeaght1= | date_bunneeaght1= | sorçh_slane = | enmys_fer-toshee = Meoir | ennym_fer-toshee = István Harazin | enmys_fer-toshee1 = | ennym_fer-toshee1 = | slane_earroo_yn_phobble = 3471 | earroo_yn_phobble_er = 2007 | earroo_yn_phobble_baljagh = | earroo_yn_phobble_moir = | fo-noteyn_earroo_yn_phobble = | glooaght_y_phobble_km2 = 248.05 | glooaght_y_phobble_baljagh_km2 = | glooaght_y_phobble_moir_km2 = | slane_eaghtyr_km2 = 13.1 | eaghtyr_baljagh_km2 = | eaghtyr_moir_km2 = | fo-noteyn_eaghtyr = | cryss_hraa = [[Traa ynnydagh ny h-Oarpey Meanagh|CET]] | ashchur_utc = +1 | cryss_hraa_TTSL = [[Traa houree ny h-Oarpey Meanagh|CEST]] | ashchur_utc_TTSL = +2 | yrjid_m = | boayl_s'inshley_m = | boayl_s'yrjey_m = | latd = 47 |latm = 26 | lats = 40 |latNS = N | longd = 19 |longm = 19 | longs = 34 |longEW = E | sorçh_coad_postagh = Coad postagh | coad_postagh = 2233 | plait_recortyssee = | coad_ardjynagh = 29 | ynnyd-eggey = [http://www.ecser.hu/ www.ecser.hu] | fo-noteyn = }} Ta '''Ecser''' ([[IPA]]: [ˈɛʧɛr]) ny valley beg ta soit ayns y coontae [[Pest (coontae)|Pest]] faggys da [[Budapest]], [[yn Ungaar]]. ==Ynnyd== Ta ennym [[Slovackish|Slovackagh]] currit er y valley, ''Ečer'', myr ta sleih beg Slovackagh ny chummal ayn. Ta'n balley beg soit faggys da'n [[Purt Aeragh Eddyr-Ashoonagh Ferihegy]]. Ta ny baljyn [[Maglód]], [[Vecsés]], [[Gyömrő]] as [[Üllő]] soit ry laue. Ta'n motor-vollagh, yn M0, ny ghoill ry laue yn valley. Ta'n balley soit er y raad-yiarn 120a (Budapest-Újszász-Szolnok). ==Shennaghys== Va'n chied coontey screeuit fo Ecser er 15 Mee ny Nollick 1315. Rere shenn-skeeal ynnydagh, haink yn ennym ass [[Prinse Mooar Árpád]] ny h-Ungaaree. Nar v'eh foast ny valley beg, hug eh aachuirrey da pobble yn ynnyd fo'n ennym. Cha row ennym er y valley beg as dooyrt eh roo: cur ennym y ''gharree'' ({{lang-hu|cser}}) shoh er y balley. Car eash ny [[Yn Impiraght Ottomanagh|Turkee]] (1526&ndash;1686) va'n balley treigit. Haink ny chied deiney er-ash ayns 1699. Ayns [[Caggey Seyrsnys Rákóczi]] (1703&ndash;1711) va 11 hidoor ayns e armee. Ayns ny 1700yn, hug shellooder y valley, yn Eearley [[Antal Grassalkovich]], Slovackee gys y valley. ==Ladoosagh== Cha nel agh un chowrey cooinaghtyn 'sy valley beg, y cheeill [[Yn Agglish Raueeagh|Chatoleagh]] veih'n vlein [[1740]]. Ta daunse theayagh ard-ghooagh foast ry-akin 'sy valley lesh yn ennym ''Bannish ayns Ecser'' (''Ecseri lakodalmas''). Er cowrey cleinney y valley ta'n cheeill, y daunse theayagh, as y darragh ry-akin. ==Ny Shuyr-valjyn== *[[Image:Flag of Slovakia.svg|22x20px|border]] [[Zlaté Klasy]], [[Yn Clovack]] *[[Image:Flag of Turkey.svg|22x20px|border]] [[Kumbağ]], [[Yn Turkee]] ==Laaragh fotografyn== <center> <gallery> Image:Ecseri 151.jpg| Image:Ecseri 154.jpg| Image:Ecseri 158.jpg| Image:Ecseri 171.jpg| Image:Szlovák Tájház, Ecseri 159.jpg| Image:Ecseri 156.jpg| Image:Ecseri 168.jpg| Image:Ecseri 175.jpg| Image:Ecseri 178.jpg| Image:Ecseri 180.jpg| Image:Ecseri 173.jpg| Image:Széchenyi utca, Ecseri 166.jpg| </gallery> </center> {{Gurneil eaghtyrys}} [[Ronney:Buill chummaltit ayns Coontae Pest]] 76glo8mipi1zs5ts05s7gns674kj5b4 John Muir 0 11292 384211 378403 2026-07-05T01:59:01Z InternetArchiveBot 16702 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 384211 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ymmydynelley|yn najooree Albinagh-Americaanagh|fir elley as yn ennym cheddin oc|John Muir (reddaghey)}} {{WD Kishtey Fys Dooinney | jalloo = Muir portrait 1872.jpg | fo-heidyl = John Muir 'sy vlein 1872 | boayl_ruggyr = [[Dùn Barra]], [[Lodainn Hiar]], Nalbin | boayl_baaish = [[Los Angeles]], [[California]], SUA | ennit = Cur er bun y [[Sierra Club]] }} Va '''John Muir''' (21 Averil 1838 &ndash; 24 Mee ny Nollick 1914) ny najooree, screeudeyr, as greinneyder son freayltys eaynee ny [[Steatyn Unnaneysit America|Steatyn Unnaneysit]]. Screeu eh lettyryn, artyn as lioaryn er e chontoyrtyssyn 'syn 'aasagh, ayns [[Sierra Nevada (SUA)|Sierra Nevada]] er lheh, as adsyn er nyn lhiah ec millioonyn dy 'leih. Va laue echey ayns bun y [[Sierra Club]], as eshyn mastey sheshaghtyn freayltys smoo scanshoil ny Steatyn Unnaneysit jiu. Va cummaght mooar ec ny screeu eh er y [[gleashaght 'reayltys|ghleashaght 'reayltys]] jeianagh. ==Aegid== Rug John Muir ayns [[Dùn Barra]], [[Lodainn Hiar]], [[Nalbin]]. She Daniel Muir as Ann Gilrye e ayr as e voir. Va shiaght paitçhyn elley oc: Margaret, Sarah, David, Daniel, Ann as Mary (lannoonyn), as Joanna (ruggit ayns America). Screeu eh 'sy hene-veashnys echey er ny keirdyn v'echey ayns eash y ghuilley, goaill stiagh caggey (aayannoo caggee vooar ass shennaghys ny h-Albey, ny caggey er y voayl cloie) as shirrey idd ean.<ref name = "Muirboyhood">{{enmyslioar | sjerree = Muir | kied = John | ennym = The Story of My Boyhood and Youth | soilsheyder = Houghton Mifflin Co. | date = 1916 | duillag = 25, 37 |kiangley = http://books.google.com/books?id=FDsOAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA25 }}</ref> [[Coadan:JohnMuirFountianLakeFarm.jpg|thumb|left|Entreilys da [[Fountain Lake Farm]] faggys da [[Portage, Wisconsin]]]] Ayns 1849, darree lught-thie Vuir da ny Steatyn Unnaneysit, as hug ad bun er [[gowaltys]] faggys da [[Portage, Wisconsin]]. She [[Fountain Lake Farm]] v'ayn, as eshyn ny [[National Historic Landmark|Boayl Shennaghyssagh Ashoonagh]] nish.<ref>{{enmyseddyrvoggyl | kiangley = http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=2095&ResourceType=Site | ennym = Fountain Lake Farm (Wisconsin Farm Home of John Muir) | obbyr = National Historic Landmarks Program | datefeddyn = 2009-01-04 }}</ref> Dooyrt [[Stephen Fox (screeudeyr)|Stephen Fox]] nagh row credjue ny claightey [[yn Agglish Albinagh]] jeeragh dy liooar er lesh ayr Vuir, as shen y fa darree ad as hie ad stiagh ayns cohionnal y [[Gleashaght Aachroo|Ghleashaght Aachroo]] Champbellagh. Rere y choontys echey, lesh 11 vlein d'eash, foddee Muir aaloayrt y lane [[Conaant Noa]] as y chooid smoo jeh'n [[Shenn Chonaant|Çhenn Chonaant]] "er çhengey as ec pian foalley".<ref>{{enmyslioar | sjerree = Fox | kied = Stephen R. | soilsheyder = Univ of Wisconsin Press | date = 1985 | duillag = 30 | isbn = 9780299106348 | ennym = The American conservation movement : John Muir and his legacy }}</ref> Agh rish eash ghooinney, cha row cair-chredjue cur er ve fud y cheilley. Ayns screeuyn da e charrey veen Emily Pelton, er 23 Mee Vayrnt 1865, screeu eh, "Cha ren mee eab erbee dy ‘aagail magh credjue ny cliaghtaghyn ard-veenid; hie ad ersooyl er nyn goontey hene... gyn faagail nyn yei ennaghtyn yuail erbee." Ayns screeuyn elley, dooyrt eh er Crooder rere'n eie cadjin: "nhee cho laue-jeant as babban cloie erbee ayns thie-cloie lheng".<ref>{{enmyslioar | screeudeyr = Wolfe, Linnie Marsh | ennym = Son of the Wilderness: The Life of John Muir | soilsheyder = Alfred A. Knopf | blein = 1945 | çhengey = Baarle }}</ref> Ny yei shen, she dooinney crauee dy liooar v'ayn, as screeu eh: "Ta shin ooilley stroo jeh un 'arrane: Annym. Ta cagh ny vess yn un ghraih. Cha nel Jaa çheet rish, as stroo magh, jeh scaanyn keyley as mysh çhibbraghyn towlit ayns shoh as ayns shen ayns reih vuill, agh t'Eh thooilley ayns strooghyn mooar gyn scarrey, gyn traie, gyn cagliagh harrish credjueyn as cummaghyn as dagh sorçh dy chultoor as sleih as baagh, lhienney as farranaghey y clane."<ref>Screeuyn da [[w:Catharine Merrill|Miss Catharine Merrill]], jeh New Sentinel Hotel, Yosemite Valley (9 Mean Sourey 1872); Ayns ''Life and Letters of John Muir'', Badè'</ref> Ec 22 vlein d'eash, hie Muir stiagh ayns [[Ollooscoill Wisconsin-Madison]] er yn argid b’lesh hene. Dynsee eh e chied lessoon lus-oayllee fo billey locust doo ard faggys da North Hall. Hayrn studeyr elley blaa jeh'n villey, as ren eh ymmyd jeh son dy hoilshaghey magh dy row y locust ard mastey kynney pishyragh, as mooinjer y pishyr trudlagh. Daeed blein jeih ny s'anmey, screeu Muir er y laa ayns eh hene-veashnys: "Hug y lessoon braew shoh eunys orrym as hug eh orrym roie da ny keylljyn as lheeannee lesh ard-jeeanid."<ref>{{enmyslioar | sjerree = Muir | kied = John | ennym = The Story of My Boyhood and Youth | soilsheyder = Houghton Mifflin Co. | date = 1916|page = 225 | kiangley = http://books.google.com/books?id=FDsOAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA225}}</ref> Ren Muir briwnys quaagh mastey ny brastylyn, as cha daink eh rieau ass kied cheim ny studeyryn er y choontey shen. Ta ny recortyssyn cur stayd "fer neuchinjagh" er, agh ga nagh ghow eh keim erbee, dynsee eh creg-oaylleeaght as lus-oaylleeaght dy liooar dy chur baght er rouail e vea s'anmey.<ref name = "Miller36">{{enmyslioar | sjerree = Miller | kied = Rod | ennym = John Muir: Magnificent Tramp | soilsheyder = Macmillan | date = 2005|page = 36 | isbn = 9780765310712 | kiangley = http://books.google.com/books?id=TmUudRnNmOIC&pg=PA36}}</ref> Ayns 1864, daag eh yn ollooscoill as hie eh dys [[yn Chanadey]], raad cheau eh arrey, sourey as fouyr lesh wandrail ayns ny keylljyn as curree er çheu [[Logh Huron]] as çhaglym lossreeyn. Lesh yn argid echey goan dy liooar as geurey çheet er, hie eh da Ontario, as dobbyr eh marish e vraar Daniel ayns mwyllin saauederagh, derrey sourey 1865. Ta [[Roderick Nash]] er ngra dy row Muir jannoo troailtys ‘syn Chanadey myr troailtys ‘syn ‘aasagh son dy haghney sidooraght, agh rere screeuyn Linnie Marsh Wolfe, ren Muir briwnys, mannagh ragh eh er reih ‘sy [[yllagh gys shirveish caggee|gherrym caggee]] (as cha jagh), beagh eh wandrail rish tammylt ayns faasee yn Chanadey.<ref>{{enmyslioar | sjerree = Nash | kied = Roderick | ennym = The Rights of Nature | soilsheyder = Univ of Wisconsin Press | date = 1989 | duillag = 38–39 | isbn = 9780299118440 | kiangley = http://books.google.com/books?id=f9tJZz6jDUIC&pg=PA38 }}</ref><ref>{{enmyslioar | sjerree = Marsh Wolfe | kied = Linnie | ennym = Son of the Wilderness: The Life of John Muir | soilsheyder = Univ of Wisconsin Press | date = 2003 | page = 90 | isbn = 9780299186340 | kiangley = http://books.google.com/books?id=oSh7MPGvBbsC&pg=PA90 }}</ref> Dobbyr eh ‘sy wyllin derrey Mee Vayrnt 1866, as eisht hie eh erash da ny Steatyn Unnaneysit dy obbraghey myr [[jeshaghteyr]] ayns [[Indianapolis]]. Ayns Mee Vayrnt 1867, darree drogh-haghyrt bollagh e vea. Ren slieeuan geyre thiolley e hooill yesh, as v’eh doal dy shallidagh. As eshyn smooinaghtyn dy row eh doal dy beayn, as soo y tooill sheeley dys e laue, dooyrt eh ny s’anmey: “Beign er varroo raad hass mee, dy arryltagh.” Lurg da kiare shiaghteeyn ayns shamyr dorraghey, slanee y tooill son y chooid smoo, as hie eh er cosheeaght veg. Ec çheet erash, v’eh soit er lhiantyn rish e yeearree e hene, as ronsaghey as studeyrys er lossreeyn y yannoo.<ref>{{enmyslioar | sjerree = Marsh Wolfe | kied = Linnie | ennym = Son of the Wilderness: The Life of John Muir | soilsheyder = Univ of Wisconsin Press | date = 2003 | duillag = 97–105 | isbn = 9780299186340 | kiangley = http://books.google.com/books?id=oSh7MPGvBbsC&pg=PA97 }}</ref> Ayns Mee Houney 1867, hooill Muir mysh 1000 meeilley roish [[Indiana]] dys [[Florida]] (screeu eh coontys jeh ‘sy lioar ''A Thousand-Mile Walk to the Gulf''). Cha row coorse erbee reiht echey, agh dy gholl “rish y raad s’fadanee, s’duillagee as sloo er ny ghaaghey dod mee feddyn.”. Rish roshtyn Florida, v’eh fosyn lhuingys er baatey y ghoaill dys America Yiass, as wandrail ny smoo ayns shen. Agh huitt eh fo malaarey er [[Slyst yn Eearvooiar]], as myr shen daag eh ny shalee v’echey bentyn rish America Jiass. Ayns ynnyd jeh shen, hiauill eh dys [[York Noa]] as ghow eh lhuingys dys California.<ref name = "Miller36">{{enmyslioar | sjerree = Miller | kied = Rod | ennym = John Muir: Magnificent Tramp | soilsheyder = Macmillan | date = 2005 | duillag = 40–41 | isbn = 9780765310712 | kiangley = http://books.google.com/books?id=TmUudRnNmOIC&pg=PA40 }}</ref> ==California== Lurg da roshtyn ayns [[San Francisco, California|San Francisco]] ayns Mee Vayrnt 1868, daag Muir er y chooyl dys boayl nagh row eh agh lhaih myechione: Yosemite. Lesh y chied shilley er [[Glion Yosemite]], hug ee druiaght er, as screeu eh: “Cha nel çhiamble erbee jeant lesh laueyn cosoylaghey rish Yosemite... Smoo jeh ooilley sur-hiamblyn Najoor.”.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=http://www.pbs.org/nationalparks/people/historical/muir/ |access-date=2009-10-12 |archive-date=2009-10-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091007031433/http://www.pbs.org/nationalparks/people/historical/muir/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Lurg keayrt hoght laghyn, haink eh erash dys cruink veggey y Sierra Nevada as dobbyr eh myr fer assaig, bochilley as brisheyder cabbil. Ayns Mee ny Boaldys 1869, hug ransheyr enmyssit Pat Delaney obbyr souree da Muir, freayll arrey er kirree as bochilley Ghelaney. Ghow eh rish dy jeean, as cheau eh y tourey myrane lesh ny kirree ayns slyst Yosemite. Ghrapp eh [[Cathedral Peak (California)|Cathedral Peak]] as [[Mount Dana]], as hooill eh shenn raad ny [[Sleih dooghyssagh America|h-Injinee]] sheese [[Bloody Canyon]] dys [[Mono Lake]]. Va'n traa soccar echey currit da oaylleeaght, [[creg-oaylleeaght]] er lheh, as haink eh dy ve shickyr dy nee awinyn rioee v'er nyannoo y ghlion as yn ard mygeayrt eck. Va'n eie shen shassoo noi yn eie cadjin v'ayn, liorish [[Josiah Whitney]] (kione y [[California Geological Survey]]), as shen gra dy nee craa-hallooin ard-vooar v'er groo y ghlion. Lesh skeaylley eieyn Vuir, ren Whitney eab anghoo er y chur lesh gra dy nee ancheirdagh as meehustagh v'ayn. Agh er lesh ard-chreg-oayllee y laa, [[Louis Agassiz]], va eieyn Vuir feeu, as dooyrt eh dy nee "y chied dooinney ta mee er ngeddyn as toiggalys dy liooar echey er obbyr awin rioee." <ref name="glacial-action">{{enmyslioar | ennym = John Muir : his life and letters and other writings | duillag = 322 | cabdil = Trees and Travel | aaraa = ...The reply to this letter was written by Mrs. Agassiz, in which she told me that, when Agassiz read my letter, he said excitedly "Here is the first man I have ever found who has any adequate conception of glacial action."... (Screeuyn da Robert Underwood Johnson; Martinez, 3 Mee Vayrnt, 1895) | çhengey = Baarle | screeudeyr = Terry Gifford (re.) | isbn = 9780898864632 | soilsheyder = The Mountaineers Books }}</ref> Ayns 1871, hoor Muir awin rioee bio fo [[Merced Peak]], as hug shen cooney da ny eieyn v'eh cur roish. 'sy vlein cheddin, haink feniagh Vuir, [[Ralph Waldo Emerson]], dys Yosemite as haink eh lesh shilley er Muir. Va shenn olloo Vuir ec Ollooscoill Wisconsin, [[Ezra Carr]], as y ven echey dy ghreinnaghey ny h-eieyn echey y chur magh. Haink ad lhieu Muir dys quaiyl fir ennymoil, goaill stiagh [[Louis Agassiz]], [[John Tyndall]], [[John Torrey]], [[Clinton Hart Merriam]], as [[Joseph LeConte]]. [[Coadan:John Muir NHS.jpg|250px|thumb|right|[[John Muir National Historic Site|Thie ny Muiryn]] ayns [[Martinez, California]].]] Haghyr [[Craa-hallooin Lone Pine 1872|craa-hallooin mooar]] faggys da [[Lone Pine, California]] ayns [[Glion Owens]] ayns Mee Vayrnt, 1872, as v'eh ry-ennaghtyn ayns Glion Yosemite. Ghooisht eh Muir leah 'sy voghrey as roie eh magh y bwaane echey, "boggey as aggle er", as eh fockley magh "craa-hallooin oasle!" Fir elley 'sy ghlion, as adsyn credjal eieyn Whitney foast, va aggle orroo dy beagh y craa-hallooin cowraghey duinaghey craghoil y ghlion. Cha row lheid yn aggle er Muir, as ren eh towshan ass laue jeh carnaneyn creoilagh noa jeant ec skyrraghyn thallooin liorish y chraa-hallooin.<ref name="earthquake">{{enmyslioar | ennym = Our National Parks | screeudeyr = John Muir | blein = 1901 | soilsheyder = Houghton, Mifflin & Co. | boayl = Cambridge (SUA) | duillag = 262 | kiangley = http://www.sierraclub.org/john_muir_exhibit/writings/the_earthquake.html | çhengey = Baarle }}</ref> Chammah's yn obbyr creg-oaylleeagh, ren Muir studeyrys er lossreeyn yn ard Yosemite. Ayns 1873 as 1874, ren eh obbyr 'sy vagher er boayn sheear y Sierra, bentyn rish scaalhean as eggoaylleeaght keylljyn [[Sequoia Vooar]]. Ayns 1880, phoos Muir as Louisa Wanda Strentzel. Va ransh mooar lesh yn ayr as moir eck, ayns [[Martinez, California]], as rish y jeig bleeantyn ny yei, hug eh eh hene da reirey y ransh. V'eh speeideilagh dy liooar. Rish y traa shoh, rug ny h-inneenyn oc, Wanda as Helen. Ec e vaase, daag eh ny yei cooid seihlt SU$250,000. Ta'n thie as rheynn jeh'n ransh y [[John Muir National Historic Site|Boayl Shennaghyssagh Ashoonagh John Muir]] jiu.<ref>{{enmyseddyrvoggyl | kiangley = http://www.nps.gov/history/museum/exhibits/jomu/home.html | ennym = John Muir National Historic Site | datefeddyn = 2009-10-10 | çhengey = Baarle }}</ref> ==Troailtys 'sy heear-hwoaie == Rish shiaght bleeantyn reirey y ransh, haink drogh-laynt er. Lesh brod e ven, hie eh erash da ny cruink dy aagheddyn e hene. Ghrapp eh [[Mount Rainier]] as screeu eh ''Ascent of Mount Rainier'' myechione. Hie eh marish possan dys [[Wrangel Island]] er y [[USS Corwin (1876)|USS Corwin]], as daggyr ad yn ellan son ny Steatyn Unnaneysit ayns 1881.<ref>{{enmyseddyrvoggyl | kiangley = http://www.yosemite.ca.us/john_muir_writings/the_cruise_of_the_corwin/introduction.html | ennym = The Cruise of the Corwin | screeudeyr = John Muir | soilsheyder = Houghton Mifflin Company | boayl = Boston and New York | blein = 1917 | datefeddyn = 2008-09-05}}</ref> Screeu eh er y chooish 'sy lioar ''The Cruise of the Corwin''. ==Obbraghyn freayltys == Hug Muir laue mooar ayns freayltys. V'eh fakin Yosemite as y Sierra as roie-thallooyn nagh lhisagh goll er sooilley.<ref>{{enmysearishlioar | screeudeyr = John Muir | ennym = Features of the Proposed Yosemite National Park | kiangley = http://www.yosemite.ca.us/john_muir_writings/features_of_the_proposed_yosemite_national_park/ | earishlioar = The Century Magazine | earroo = 5 | mee = Mean Fouyir | blein = 1890 | datefeddyn = 2007-04-08 | ym-lioar = XL }}</ref> Er lesh dy nee sthock, kirree er lheh, va baggyrt smoo da'n ard, as hug eh "kellee-rennee chrubbagh" orroo. Ayns Mean Souree 1889, champ co-reagheyder yn earishlioar ''[[Century (earishlioar)|Century]]'', [[Robert Underwood Johnson]], marish Muir ayns [[Tuolumne Meadows]] as honnick eh feanish bunneydagh jeh'n jeeyl va shioltane dy chirree er nyaoo da'n vanjagh. Choard eh dy hoilshaghey magh art erbee screeuys Muir er dooney magh sthock jeh'n Sierra. Choard eh myrgeddin dy yannoo ymmyd jeh'n chummaght echey son dy chur stiagh billey ayns [[Congress]] son dy yannoo pairk ashoonagh jeh Yosemite, rere cummey [[Yellowstone National Park]]. Er 30 Mean Fouyir 1890, slattyssee Congress ny SU slattys, rere treealtys Vuir ayns daa art ayns ''Century'' son y chooid smoo: ''The Treasure of the Yosemite'' as ''Features of the Proposed National Park'', er nyn soilshaghey magh ayns 1890. Agh b'treih lesh clashtyn dy daag y slattys Glion Yosemite fo stiurey y steat. ==Sierra Club== {{ardart|Sierra Club}} Leah ayns 1892, haink yn Olloo Henry Senger, ny [[fockle-oaylleeaght|'ockle-oayllee]] ec [[Ollooscoill Chalifornia, Berkeley]] da quaiyl Vuir as eh fo possan alphagh y chroo son sleih slieauagh. Hug magh Senger as Warren Olney cuirraghyn "ry-hoi croo 'Sierra Club'. Bee John Muir yn eaghtyrane." Er 28 Mee ny Boaldyn, 1892, chumm ad çhaglym bunnee y [[Sierra Club]] son dy screeu banglaneyn cochorpaghey. Shiaghtin ny yei shen, denmys ad Muir myr eaghtyrane, Olney myr fo-eaghtyrane, as boayrd ny stiureyderyn ghow stiagh [[David Starr Jordan]], as eshyn eaghtyrane [[Ollooscoill Stanford]]. Hannee Muir ny eaghtyrane derrey hooar eh baase, 22 vlein ny s'anmey.<ref>{{enmyslioar | sjerree = Fox | kied = Stephen R. | ennym = The American Conservation Movement: John Muir and His Legacy | soilsheyder = Univ of Wisconsin Press | date = 1985 | duillag = 107–108 | isbn = 9780299106348 | kiangley = http://books.google.com/books?id=kV1_k5vSuOMC&pg=PA107 }}</ref><ref name = "Colby">{{enmyseddyrvoggyl | kiangley = http://www.owensvalleyhistory.com/stories1/story_of_sierra_club.pdf | ennym = The Story of the Sierra Club | sjerree = Colby | kied = William | date = December, 1967|work = Sierra Club Bulletin | soilsheyder = Sierra Club|accessdate = 2009-02-26 }}</ref> Ghow y Sierra Club toshiaght çhelleeragh dy hassoo noi shaleeyn [[Yosemite National Park]] y liehaghey, as chumm ad çhaglymyn ynsee as oayllee. Ec fer jeu, ayns fouyr 1895, resoon ad er cur er bun 'buill cheylley er lheh'; harragh y lheid y ve [[Keylljyn Ashoonagh (SUA)|Keylljyn Ashoonagh]] ny s'anmey. Va laue mooar ec y Tierra Club 'sy troddan rahoil Pairk Ashoonagh Yosemite dy astreeaghey ass stiurey y steat dys stiurey conastagh, ayns 1906. Ghow ad orroo hene y chaggey [[Glion Hetch Hetchy]] y hauail, ga dy row shiartanse dy olteyryn scanshoil ayns San Francisco noi shen. Fy yerrey, ren ad teiy as chowree eh dy row mooar-chooid y phossan son shassoo noi [[Doour Hetch Hetchy]]. <ref name = "Colby"/> ==Tashtey noi freayltys == Ayns Jerrey Souree 1896, haink Muir dy cho-obbraghey marish [[Gifford Pinchot]], ny 'er scanshoil 'sy ghleashaght 'reayltys. She kied ard-chione [[United States Forest Service|Shirveish Keylley ny Steatyn Unnaneysit]] v'ayn, as eh ny loayrtagh son ymmyd yn-ymmyrkey chooid najooragh son vondeish ny sleih. Fy-yerrey, va meechoardailys eddyr y ghaa, as shen taishbyney daa varel er ymmyd chooid najooragh ny çheerey. Va Pinchot fakin freayltys myr saase cooid najooragh yn ashoon y reirey son ymmyd traghtee yn-ymmyrkey foddey. Myr keylljeyder keirdee, er lesh: "she eirinys eh obbyr keylley", gyn stroie yn-veaghey foddey ny keylljyn.<ref name = "Meyer">{{enmysearishlioar | sjerree = Meyer | kied = John M. | date = Winter, 1997 | ennym = Gifford Pinchot, John Muir, and the Boundaries of Politics in American Thought | earishlioar = Polity | soilsheyder = Palgrave MacMillan | ym-lioar = 30|earroo = 2 | duillag = 267–284 | kiangley = http://www.jstor.org/stable/3235219 | datefeddyn = 2008-12-14 |doi = 10.2307/3235219 }}</ref> Er lesh Muir, va feeu najoor ny troyn anmey as tarcheimneeoil. Ayns art er ny Pairkyn Ashoonagh, hug eh orroo "buill son fea, breeaghys, as padjeryn." V'eh cliaghtey greinnaghey ard-valjee dy 'akin najoor son beaghey ny h-anmey. Va'n daa 'er shassoo noi doo-heyrey chooid najooragh, goaill stiagh [[lane-lhieggey]] keylljyn. Va eer Muir goaill rish dy row feme ain er aamaid as ny keylljyn er-e-hon, agh va barel feer ny smoo lhome-ymmydoil ec Pinochet er reirey faasee..<ref name = "Meyer"/> Vrish y caarjys eddyr oc anmagh 'sy tourey 1897, liorish Pinchot cur magh art ayns pabyr-naight [[Seattle]] son fassaghey kirree ayns thalloo freaylt keylley. Hass Muir eddin ry eddin rish Pinchot as daggyr eh soilsheydys jeh. Lesh Pinchot g'aa-raa y barel, dinsh Muir da: "Cha mel nee son bentyn rhyt reesht." Daase y meechoardailys shoh as rheynn eh y ghleashaght 'reayltys ayns daa phossan: freaylleyderyn, fo Muir, as possan Phinochet ghow toshiaght "tashteyderyn" y chur orroo hene. Resoon ad ayns earishlioaryn, myr sampleyr, ''Outlook'', ''Harper's Weekly'', ''Atlantic Monthly'', ''World's Work'', as ''Century''. Va'n daa varel ry-akin reesht lesh briwnys ny Steatyn Unnaneysit er cur doour er [[Glion Hetch Hetchy]] ny dyn. Va Pinchot son dooar urree y chur: "ymmyd s'ardjey oddagh oo jannoo j'ee". Er y laue elley, dooyrt Muir: "Doour er Hetch Hetchy y chur! Cho mie doee ushtey y yannoo jeh kialteenyn as ard-çhiambleyn ny sleih, son nagh row çhiamble s'nooey er ny chasherickey rieau ec creeghyn deiney.""<ref name = "Meyer"/> [[Coadan:Muir and Roosevelt restored.jpg|thumb|Roosevelt as Muir]] Ayns 1903, hie yn Eaghtyrane [[Theodore Roosevelt]] marish Muir er turrys dys Yosemite. Loayrt Muir da'n eaghtyrane er meestiurey steat y ghlion, as doo-seyrey rank jeh cooid y ghlion. Eer roish daue roshtyn y phairk, v'eh er shickyraghey Roosevelt dy beagh yn aght share y phairk y choadey ish y chur fo stiurey conastagh. Erreish da goll stiagh 'sy phairk as fakin aalid y ghlion, hirr eh er Muir eshyn y hoilshaghey da y "feer" Yosemite. Hie ad ersooyl, nyn lomarcan agh son coagragh as fer ymmyrkee, as champ ad 'sy çheer feie. Loayr ad anmagh 'syn oie, as ren ad cadley mooie fo'n speyr. Huitt sniaghtey oor orroo 'sy voghrey. Ayns 1905, hug [[Congress]] [[Mariposa Grove]] as Glion Yosemite fo stiurey conastagh.<ref>{{enmyseddyrvoggyl | ennym = Encylopaedia Britannica | kiangley = http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/543339/Sierra-Club#ref=ref849675 | cabdil = Sierra Club | datefeddyn = 2009-10-12 | çhengey = Baarle }}</ref> Hooar ben Vuir, Louise, baase er 6 Mee Luanistyn 1905. ==Hetch Hetchy== Daase mian doour y chur er yn [[Awin Tuolumne]], son dy yannoo tasht ushtey son [[San Francisco, California|San Francisco]]. Va Muir slane noi y doour, as er lesh dy row Hetch Hetchy ny s'aaley na eer Glion Yosemite. Chagg Muir as y Sierra Club noi rish feed blein, goaill stiagh screeu dys Roosevelt hene. Fy-yerrey, hug eiyrtyssagh Roosevelt, [[Woodrow Wilson]] kied da'n slattys er 19 Mee ny Nollick, 1913. She juail mooar da Muir v'ayn, as y caggey sjerree mooar echey. ==Baase== Hooar John Muir baase jeh niumoan ec thie-lheeys California ([[California Hospital Medical Center]] jiu) er 24 Mee ny Nollick, 1914.<ref>{{enmyseddyrvoggyl | ennym = Obituary: John Muir | kiangley = http://ccdl.libraries.claremont.edu/cdm4/item_viewer.php?CISOROOT=/lsc&CISOPTR=3432&DMSCALE=50.00000&DMWIDTH=600&DMHEIGHT=600&DMX=0&DMY=840&DMMODE=viewer&DMTEXT=&REC=16&DMTHUMB=1&DMROTATE=0 }}</ref><ref>{{enmyseddyrvoggyl | ennym = Obituary: John Muir | kiangley = http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/bday/0421.html | screeudeyr = On this Day | datefeddyn = 2007-04-23 }}</ref> ==Eiyrtys as aundyryn== Ta enmyn ny buill fo er son Muir: *Muir Knoll, Ollooscoill Wisconsin–Madison; *[[Mount Muir]]; *[[Awin Rioee Muir]], Alaska; *Tree Raadyn John Muir (ayns [[John Muir Trail|California]], [[John Muir Trail (Tennessee)|Tennessee]], as Wisconsin); *[[John Muir Wilderness|Faasagh John Muir]]; *[[Muir Woods National Monument]] faggys da [[San Francisco]]; *[[John Muir High School]]; *John Muir Middle School (Los Angeles, California and Wausau, Wisconsin); *John Muir Elementary School (Madison, Wisconsin); *[[John Muir Elementary School]] (Parma, Ohio); *[[John Muir College]] (colleish yn [[Ollooscoill Chalifornia, San Diego]]); *[[John Muir Country Park]], ayns Dùn Barra * [[John Muir Way]] ayns Lodainn Hiar; *[[John Muir Health|John Muir Medical Center]] ayns Concord as Walnut Creek, California; *y [[roltageagh]] (128523) John Muir; *Muir's Peak ec Mount Shasta, California (ny keayrtyn, "Black Butte"); *Mount Muir (yrjey 4688') ayns Angeles National Forest, California, faggys da Pasadena<ref>{{enmyseddyrvoggyl | ennym = Peak List of the Lower Peaks Section of the Angeles Chapter of the Sierra Club | kiangley = http://angeles.sierraclub.org/lpc | screeudeyr = Sierra Club }}</ref> *[[Camp Muir]] ayns Mount Rainier National Park; *School of Life Sciences ec [[Ollooscoill Heriot-Watt]] ayns [[Doon Edin]], [[Nalbin]]; *John Muir Park (Green Bay, Wisconsin). Ta caslys jeh John Muir ry-akin er [[kerroo-dollar steat]] Chalifornia 2005. Ta aaraa echey er y [[Indianapolis Prize]] Lilly Medal son frealtys. Er 6 Mee ny Nollick 2006, ren [[Arnold Schwarzenegger]] gynshellooaghey John Muir stiagh 'sy [[California Hall of Fame]] ec [[The California Museum for History, Women, and the Arts]]. {{-}} ==Jeeagh er reesht== * [[Boayl ruggyree Yohn Muir]] * [[Rolley buill ayns Lodainn Hiar]] * [[John Muir Trust]] * [[John Muir Way]] ==Imraaghyn== {{rolleyimraaghyn}} === Ard-vinn=== *[http://www.archive.org/search.php?query=John%20Muir%20AND%20mediatype%3Atexts Obbraghyn Yohn Muir] ec [[Internet Archive]]. Lhiegganyn caslys bunneydagh ayns leayrtys-choipyn. *Caslyssyn-soilshey, earishlioaryn, as caslyssyn jeh ny John Muir Papers ec the [http://library.pacific.edu/ha/digital/index.asp Çhaglymyn Bun-earrooagh Ollooscoill ny Sheealtagh]. === Binn elley === * {{enmyslioar | sjerree = Austin | kied = Richard C. | ennym = Baptized into wilderness: A Christian perspective on John Muir | soilsheyder = [[Creekside Press]]| blein = 1991}} *{{enmyslioar | sjerree = Cronon | kied = William, ed. | blein = 1997 | ennym = John Muir: Nature Writings: The Story of My Boyhood and Youth; My kied Summer in the Sierra; The Mountains of California; Stickeen; Essays | soilsheyder = [[Library of America]] | isbn = 978-1-88301124-6}} * {{enmyslioar | sjerree = Ehrlich | kied = Gretel | blein = 2000 | ennym = John Muir: Nature's Visionary | soilsheyder = [[National Geographic]] | isbn = 0-7922-7954-9}} * {{enmyslioar | sjerree = Fox | kied = Stephen | blein = 1981 | ennym = The American Conservation Movement: John Muir And His Legacy | soilsheyder = Little, Brown and Company | isbn = 0-316-29110-2}} * {{enmysearishlioar | screeudeyr = Meyer, John M. | blein = 1997 | mee = | ennym = Gifford Pinchot, John Muir, and the Boundaries of Politics in American Thought | earishlioar = [[Polity (disambiguation)|Polity]] | ym-lioar = 30 | earroo = 2 | duillag = 267–284 | id = ISSN 0032-3497| doi = 10.2307/3235219}} * {{enmyslioar | sjerree = Miller | kied = Char | blein = 2001 | ennym = Gifford Pinchot and the Making of Modern Environmentalism | soilsheyder = Island Press | isbn = 1-55963-822-2}} * {{enmysearishlioar | screeudeyr = O'Casey, Terrence | date = 24 September 2006 | ennym = John Muir: God's Preacher of Creation | earishlioar = Christian Standard | unused_data = |http://www.christianstandard.com/articledisplay.asp?id=414}} * {{enmysearishlioar | screeudeyr = Smith, Michael B. | blein = 1998 | mee = Mean Souree | ennym = The Value of a Tree: Public Debates of John Muir and Gifford Pinchot | earishlioar = The Historian | ym-lioar = 60 | earroo = 4 | duillag = 757–778 | id = ISSN 0018-2370}} | doi = 10.1111/j.1540-6563.1998.tb01414.x}} * {{enmyslioar | sjerree = Turner | kied = Fredrick | blein = 1985 | ennym = Rediscovering America, John Muir in His Time and Ours | soilsheyder = [[Viking Press]] | isbn = 0-87156-704-0}} * {{enmyslioar | sjerree = Williams | kied = Dennis | blein = 2002 | ennym = God's Wilds: John Muir's Vision of Nature | soilsheyder = Texas A&M University Press | isbn = 1-58544-143-0}} * {{enmyslioar | sjerree = Wolfe | kied = Linnie Marsh | blein = 1945 | ennym = Son of the Wilderness: The Life of John Muir | soilsheyder = [[University of Wisconsin Press]] | isbn = 0-299-18634-2}} ( [[Pulitzer Prize]] son beashnys, 1946) * {{enmysearishlioar| url = http://www.historycooperative.org/earishlioars/eh/10.1/worster.html| ennym = John Muir and the Modern Passion for hey Nature| kied = Donald| sjerree = Worster | earishlioar = Environmental History| ym-lioar = 10(1)| duillag = 8–19| mee = Jerrey Geuree | blein = 2005}} * {{enmyslioar | sjerree = Worster | kied = Donald | blein = 2008 | ennym = A Passion for Nature: The Life of John Muir | soilsheyder = Oxford University Press | isbn = 978-0195166828}} * {{enmyslioar | sjerree = Wuerthner | kied = George | blein = 1994 | ennym = Yosemite: A Visitor's Companion | soilsheyder = Stackpole Books | duillag = 25–37 | isbn = 0-8117-2598-7}} === Lioaryn elley=== * {{enmyslioar | sjerree = Sachs | kied = Aaron | blein = 2006 | ennym = The Humboldt Current: Nineteenth-Century Exploration and the Roots of American Environmentalism | soilsheyder = Viking Press | isbn = 0-670-03775-3}} ==Kianglaghyn magh== {{Commonscat|John Muir}} {{Wikiquote}} {{Screeudeyr Wikisource}} *[http://www.archive.org/search.php?query=mediatype%3A(texts)%20-contributor%3Agutenberg%20AND%20(subject%3A%22Muir%2C%20John%2C%201838-1914%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Muir%2C%20John%2C%201838-1914%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22John%20Muir%22%20OR%20ennym%3A%22John%20Muir%22%20OR%20description%3A%22John%20Muir%22) Lioaryn er ny liorish John Muir] ec [[Internet Archive]] *{{Screeudeyr Gutenberg|id = John_Muir | ennym = John Muir}} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20210421202109/http://www.yosemite.ca.us/john_muir_writings/ John Muir Writings]. Slane lioaryn eddyrlhieen *[https://web.archive.org/web/20201114002430/http://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/search.asp?id=1224 Screeuyn 1861-1914] eddyrlhieen ec [https://web.archive.org/web/20051028075712/http://www.wisconsinhistory.org/topics/wisconsin-name/ Wisconsin Historical Society] *[http://library.pacific.edu/ha/muir/index.asp John Muir Papers]. Fys er Pabyryn John Muir as stoo bentyn rish ec [[Ollooscoill ny Sheealtagh (Steatyn Unnaneysit)|Ollooscoill ny Sheealtagh]]. *[http://www.sierraclub.org/john_muir_exhibit/ John Muir] ec y Tierra Club *[http://www.johnmuir.org/ John Muir Global Network] *[http://www.nps.gov/jomu/ John Muir National Historic Site] jeh [[National Park Service]] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20060929071334/http://www.djma.org.uk/djma/ Friends of John Muir's Birthplace (John Muir Association Ghùn Barra, dy row)], Nalbin *[http://www.jmbt.org.uk/ John Muir Birthplace Trust] Nalbin *[https://web.archive.org/web/20130403181437/http://www.jmt.org/news.asp?s=2&cat=Award&nid=JMT-N10641 John Muir Trust] Nalbin *[http://digital.statelib.lib.in.us/db/markers_display.asp?id=9 John Muir In Indianapolis Historical Marker] *[http://www.johnmuir.org/canada/ Canadian Friends of John Muir (CFJM) website] *[http://www.johnmuirproject.org/ John Muir Project] Protecting Federal Public Forest Lands {{Gurneil eaghtyrys}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Muir, John}} [[Ronney:John Muir| ]] [[Ronney:Ruggyryn 'sy vlein 1838]] [[Ronney:Baaseyn 'sy vlein 1914]] [[Ronney:Screeudeyryn firryn Albinagh]] [[Ronney:Screeudeyryn firryn Americaanagh]] [[Ronney:Sheerloayreyderyn ass California]] [[Ronney:Sheerloayreyderyn firryn Americaanagh]] [[Ronney:Screeudeyryn ass California]] [[Ronney:Screeudeyryn lus-oaylleeaght Americaanagh]] [[Ronney:Lus-oaylleeyn Americaanagh]] [[Ronney:Freilleyderyn Americaanagh]] [[Ronney:Screeudeyryn traaght firryn Americaanagh]] [[Ronney:Ronseyderyn Americaanagh]] [[Ronney:Creg-oaylleeyn Americaanagh]] [[Ronney:Ynlaghteyryn Americaanagh]] [[Ronney:Jeshaghteyryn firryn Americaanagh]] [[Ronney:Drappeyderyn sleityn Americaanagh]] [[Ronney:Najooree Americaanagh]] [[Ronney:Screeudeyryn najoor Americaanagh]] [[Ronney:Screeudeyryn neu-farskeealaght firryn Americaanagh]] [[Ronney:Screeudeyryn çhymmyltaghtoil Americaanagh]] [[Ronney:Jeshaghteyryn ass California]] [[Ronney:Shalee Hetch Hetchy]] [[Ronney:Troagyraghyn]] [[Ronney:Shennaghys Sierra Nevada (ny Steatyn Unnaneysit)]] [[Ronney:Feallee ass Martinez, California]] [[Ronney:Feallee ass Dùn Barra]] [[Ronney:Pairk Ashoonaght Yosemite]] [[Ronney:Sheerloayreyderyn firryn Albinagh]] [[Ronney:Screeudeyryn lus-oaylleeaght Albinagh]] [[Ronney:Lus-oaylleeyn Albinagh]] [[Ronney:Freilleyderyn Albinagh]] [[Ronney:Arragheryn magh Albinagh dys ny Steatyn Unnaneysit]] [[Ronney:Jeshaghteyryn firryn Albinagh]] [[Ronney:Screeudeyryn traaght firryn Albinagh]] [[Ronney:Ronseyderyn Albinagh]] [[Ronney:Creg-oaylleeyn Albinagh]] [[Ronney:Ynlaghteyryn Albinagh]] [[Ronney:Drappeyderyn sleityn Albinagh]] [[Ronney:Najooree Albinagh]] [[Ronney:Screeudeyryn najoor Albinagh]] [[Ronney:Eaghtyraneyn Sierra Club]] 0tytio30u4amy9z6unkihqhs2f0tsfx The Simpsons 0 20680 384138 373766 2026-07-04T12:15:08Z Stephan1000000 14694 808 384138 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ennym iddaalagh}} {{WD Kishtey Fys Çhellveeish | jalloo = The_Simpsons_yellow_logo.svg | traa_roie = 22 vinnid | earroo_straihyn=37 | earroo_episodeyn=808}} She straih hellveeish bioghit Americaanagh va crooit ec [[Matt Groening]] er son [[Fox Broadcasting Company]] eh '''''The Simpsons'''''. Hie yn straih magh er ny creeley da'n chied cheayrt er 17 Mee ny Nollick 1989. {{Gurneil eaghtyrys}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Simpsons, The}} {{bun}} [[Ronney:The Simpsons| ]] [[Ronney:Straihyn çhellveeish Americaanagh]] [[Ronney:Straihyn çhellveeish Americaanagh er nyn doshiaghey ayns 1989]] [[Ronney:Straihyn çhellveeish bioghit Americaanagh da deiney aasit veih ny 1980yn]] [[Ronney:Straihyn çhellveeish aittys bioghit Americaanagh veih ny 1980yn]] [[Ronney:Straihyn çhellveeish grinderagh Americaanagh veih ny 1980yn]] [[Ronney:Sitcomyn Americaanagh veih ny 1980yn]] [[Ronney:Straihyn çhellveeish bioghit Americaanagh da deiney aasit veih ny 1990yn]] [[Ronney:Straihyn çhellveeish aittys bioghit Americaanagh veih ny 1990yn]] [[Ronney:Straihyn çhellveeish grinderagh Americaanagh veih ny 1990yn]] [[Ronney:Sitcomyn Americaanagh veih ny 1990yn]] [[Ronney:Straihyn çhellveeish bioghit Americaanagh da deiney aasit veih ny 2000yn]] [[Ronney:Straihyn çhellveeish aittys bioghit Americaanagh veih ny 2000yn]] [[Ronney:Straihyn çhellveeish grinderagh Americaanagh veih ny 2000yn]] [[Ronney:Sitcomyn Americaanagh veih ny 2000yn]] [[Ronney:Straihyn çhellveeish bioghit Americaanagh da deiney aasit veih ny 2010yn]] [[Ronney:Straihyn çhellveeish aittys bioghit Americaanagh veih ny 2010yn]] [[Ronney:Straihyn çhellveeish grinderagh Americaanagh veih ny 2010yn]] [[Ronney:Sitcomyn Americaanagh veih ny 2010yn]] [[Ronney:Straihyn çhellveeish bioghit Americaanagh da deiney aasit veih ny 2020yn]] [[Ronney:Straihyn çhellveeish aittys bioghit Americaanagh veih ny 2020yn]] [[Ronney:Straihyn çhellveeish grinderagh Americaanagh veih ny 2020yn]] [[Ronney:Sitcomyn Americaanagh veih ny 2020yn]] [[Ronney:Straihyn çhellveeish bioghit da deiney aasit]] [[Ronney:Straihyn çhellveeish aittys bioghit Americaanagh da deiney aasit]] [[Ronney:Sitcomyn bioghit Americaanagh]] [[Ronney:Fo-straihyn çhellveeish bioghit Americaanagh]] [[Ronney:Straihyn çhellveeish bioghit Americaanagh bentyn rish cooishyn LADT]] [[Ronney:Straihyn çhellveeish Americaanagh marish jantys bio as bioghys]] [[Ronney:Claareeyn bunneydagh Fox Broadcasting Company]] [[Ronney:Claareeyn çhellveeish 'sy Vaarle]] [[Ronney:Straihyn çhellveeish liorish 20th Century Fox Television]] [[Ronney:Straihyn çhellveeish liorish Film Roman]] [[Ronney:Straihyn çhellveeish liorish Fox Television Animation]] [[Ronney:Straihyn çhellveeish liorish Gracie Films]] [[Ronney:Straihyn çhellveeish liorish Klasky Csupo]] [[Ronney:Straihyn çhellveeish liorish Rough Draft Studios]] g00n9ohdm6j4nr1mjpjwbau58kkhc8z Ronney:Arraneyderyn Sostynagh 14 20981 384147 329384 2026-07-04T16:47:19Z MacTire02 219 -ronnaghyn rere en 384147 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Commonscategory|Vocalists from England|Arraneyderyn ass Sostyn}} [[Ronney:Kiaulleyderyn Sostynagh rere greie]] [[Ronney:Arraneyderyn Goaldagh|.]] 5ssh33dq77f3qdeajggg6ywjljaqoi5 Pat Laffan 0 28163 384212 378407 2026-07-05T04:33:40Z InternetArchiveBot 16702 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 384212 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Kishtey Fys Dooinney | ennym_ruggyr = Patrick Laffan | boayl_ruggyr = [[Coontae yn Vee]], Nerin | boayl_baaish = [[Divlyn]], Nerin | bleeantyngobbyr = 1964–2019 | date_baaish = {{date baaish as eash|df=y|2019|3|14|1939|6|8}} }} She aghteyr Yernagh<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-47577829 |title =Pat Laffan: Father Ted's 'Pat Mustard' dies aged 79|date=15 Mayrnt 2019|publisher=BBC News|accessdate=15 Mayrnt 2019}}</ref> va '''Patrick Laffan''' (8 Mean Souree 1939<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thestage.co.uk/features/obituaries/2019/obituary-pat-laffan-father-ted/|title=Obituary: Pat Laffan – 'actor best known for playing milkman Pat Mustard in Father Ted' – Obituaries|first=Michael|last=Quinn|date=27 Mayrnt 2019|publisher=}}</ref> – 14 Mayrnt 2019<ref>{{cite web|url=https://notices.irishtimes.com/death/laffan-patrick-pat/54972166|title=LAFFAN, Patrick (Pat) : Death notice - Irish Times Family Notices|website=notices.irishtimes.com|access-date=2023-02-23|archive-date=2019-09-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190921233014/https://notices.irishtimes.com/death/laffan-patrick-pat/54972166|url-status=dead}}</ref>). Ta enney share er Laffan son e phaartyn myr y creckeyder bainney Pat Mustard 'syn episode "Speed" jeh'n sitcom ''[[Father Ted]]'' (1998) liorish [[Channel Four]], as myr Mr Burgess ayns ''[[The Snapper (scannane)|The Snapper]]'' (1993) liorish [[Roddy Doyle]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thejournal.ie/pat-laffan-death-4543001-Mar2019/ |title =Pat Laffan – who played Pat Mustard and Georgie Burgess – has died|date=14 Mayrnt 2019|work=The Journal|accessdate=15 Mayrnt 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.independent.ie/entertainment/television/tv-news/father-ted-actor-pat-laffan-best-known-as-pat-mustard-has-passed-away-aged-79-37914718.html |title =Father Ted actor Pat Laffan -– best known as 'Pat Mustard' – has passed away aged 79|date=14 March 2019|work=Irish Independent|accessdate=15 Mayrnt 2019}}</ref> ==Imraaghyn== {{reflist}} ==Kianglaghyn magh== * {{IMDb name|id=0480783|name=Pat Laffan}} {{Gurneil eaghtyrys}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Laffan, Pat}} [[Ronney:Ruggyryn 'sy vlein 1939]] [[Ronney:Baaseyn 'sy vlein 2019]] [[Ronney:Feallee ass Coontae yn Vee]] [[Ronney:Father Ted]] [[Ronney:Aghteyryn fillym firryn Yernagh]] [[Ronney:Aghteyryn ardan firryn Yernagh]] [[Ronney:Aghteyryn çhellveeish firryn Yernagh]] p63cxxaem6z3vkm0ab1sdwpkpqxw8xg Ronney:Arraneyderyn pop-chiaull bwoirrin Romaanagh 14 29356 384143 329399 2026-07-04T16:33:44Z MacTire02 219 catsort 384143 wikitext text/x-wiki {{CategoryTOC}} [[Ronney:Arraneyderyn bwoirrin Romaanagh|Pop]] [[Ronney:Arraneyderyn pop-chiaull Romaanagh|+]] [[Ronney:Arraneyderyn pop-chiaull bwoirrin rere ashoonaght|Romaanagh]] 2mtn4c7moo087eppyppe5tcclitkmvv Ronney:Arraneyderyn pop-chiaull Rooshagh 14 31842 384155 338065 2026-07-04T18:32:24Z MacTire02 219 ronney elley 384155 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Commonscategory|Pop vocalists from Russia|Arraneyderyn pop-chiaull ass y Roosh}} [[Ronney:Arraneyderyn Rooshagh rere shaanrey|Pop-chiaull]] [[Ronney:Pop-chiaulleyderyn Rooshagh]] [[Ronney:Arraneyderyn pop-chiaull rere ashoonaght|Rooshagh]] {{CategoryTOC}} h6hq6fzjv72qkrk8z4w30c52tzx09eq Ronney:Pop-chiaulleyderyn Sostynagh 14 32110 384160 330225 2026-07-04T18:38:11Z MacTire02 219 -ronney 384160 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Commons category|Pop musicians from England|Pop-chiaulleyderyn ass Sostyn}} {{CategoryTOC}} [[Ronney:Kiaulleyderyn Sostynagh rere shaanrey]] [[Ronney:Pop-chiaulleyderyn Goaldagh|.]] iy3dwfvzmz39qafywtznjy7vg6qk3tf Williamina Fleming 0 43954 384213 379948 2026-07-05T08:18:29Z InternetArchiveBot 16702 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 384213 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Kishtey Fys Dooinney | ennym = Williamina Fleming | jalloo = Williamina Paton Stevens Fleming circa 1890s.jpg | fo-heidyl = Fleming, {{circa|1890yn}} | ennym_ruggyr = Williamina Paton Stevens | date_ruggyr = {{date ruggyr|df=y|1857|5|15}} | boayl_ruggyr = [[Dùn Dèagh]], Nalbin | date_baaish = {{date baaish as eash|df=y|1911|5|21|1857|5|15}} | boayl_baaish = [[Boston]], Massachusetts, ny Steatyn Unnaneysit | ashoonaght = [[Albinee|Albinagh]] }} She [[rollageyder]] Albinagh<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=McLauchlan |first=Richard |date=2024-12-28 |title=Meet the most influential Scots you've probably never heard of |url=https://www.thetimes.com/uk/scotland/article/six-of-the-most-influential-scots-youve-probably-never-heard-of-8922ghhwv?utm_source=chatgpt.com&region=global |access-date=2025-01-22 |website=www.thetimes.com |language=Baarle}}</ref> va '''Williamina Paton Stevens Fleming''' (15 Boaldyn 1857 – 21 Boaldyn 1911). Ec [[Reayrtlann Cholleish Harvard]], chur ee rish rang-oardraghey fografagh [[spectrumyn rollageagh]], red chur rush lhiasaghey corys enmyssee cadjin da rollageyn. Chur Fleming sheese ayns catalogyn ny smoo na jeih thousane dy rollageyn, 59 [[neeal (rollageydys)|neeal]] gassagh, ny smoo na 310 [[rollage chaghlaaee]], as 10 [[rollage noa]], mastey phenomenonyn rollageydagh elley. Ta feddynys [[Neeal y Ching Chabbil]] 'sy vlein 1888 treishtit j'ee, as she cooidjeyder tuarastyllys ny mraane 'sy vagher eck v'ee. ==Bea leah== Va Williamina Paton Stevens ruggit ayns [[Dùn Dèagh]], Nalbin, at 86 Nethergate,<ref>{{Cite web |title=WilliaminaFleming |url=https://scientificwomen.net/women/fleming-williamina-37 |access-date=2024-06-06 |website=Scientific Women}}</ref> er 15 Boaldyn 1857 lesh Mary Walker as Robert Stevens, giarreyder as airheyder. She nane ass shey dy chloan v'ee.<ref name="Ewan Innes Reynolds 2006 p. 121">{{cite book |last1=Ewan |first1=Elizabeth |last2=Innes |first2=Sue |last3=Reynolds |first3=Sian |title=The biographical dictionary of Scottish women: from the earliest times to 2004 |location=Doon Edin, Nalbin |publisher=Edinburgh University Press |year=2006 |isbn=978-0748626601 |oclc=367680960 |page=121 |url={{Google books|Zs6qBgAAQBAJ|page=121|plainurl=yes}} |access-date=14 Toshiaght Arree 2019}}</ref> Hie e shuyr b'aa, Johanna Stevens, dy obbraghey ec Reayrtlann Cholleish Harvard chammah.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Johanna Mackie |url=https://library.cfa.harvard.edu/women-at-hco/johanna-mackie |access-date=2024-03-25 |website=library.cfa.harvard.edu |language=Baarle |archive-date=2024-03-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240325215440/https://library.cfa.harvard.edu/women-at-hco/johanna-mackie |url-status=dead }}</ref> Goaill toshiaght as ee 14 bleeaney d'eash, hie ee dy obbraghey myr [[ynseyder-scollag]].'Sy vlein 1877, phoose ee rish James Orr Fleming, coontysseyr as dooinney treoghe ass Dùn Dèagh chammah.<ref name=":0">{{cite web |url=http://ocp.hul.harvard.edu/ww/fleming.html |website=Harvard University Library Open Collections Program|title= Women Working 1800–1930, Williamina Paton Stevens Fleming (1857–1911)|access-date= 28 Luanistyn 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180402041723/http://ocp.hul.harvard.edu/ww/fleming.html|archive-date=2 Averil 2018}} With links to manuscripts and other resources.</ref> Va un vac ec y chubbyl, Edward P. Fleming.<ref name="Cannon">{{cite journal |last=Cannon |first=Annie J. |author-link=Annie Jump Cannon |date=Mean Souree 1911 |title=Williamina Paton Fleming |url=https://zenodo.org/record/1448062 |journal=Science |publication-date=30 Mean Souree 1911 |volume=33 |issue=861 |pages=987–988 |bibcode=1911Sci....33..987C |doi=10.1126/science.33.861.987 |pmid=17799863}} </ref> ==Coorse bea== 'Sy vlein 1878, as ee 21 vlein d'eash, darree ee as e dooinney sheshee dys Boston, Massachusetts, ny Steatyn Unnaneysit.<ref name=":0"/> Erreish da ren e dooinney sheshee treigeil ee as e mac aeg, hie ee dy obbraghey myr ben harvaant ayns thie yn Olloo [[Edward Charles Pickering]], stiureyder [[Reayrtlann Cholleish Harvard]] (RCH). Ren ben heshee Pickering, Elizabeth, coyrlaghey dy row schleiyn ec Williamina harrish ny h-ellynyn thieoilagh as moiragh, as 'sy vlein 1879, daill Pickering Fleming dy stiurey obbyr reiragh phaart-emshiragh ec y reayrtlann.<ref name=":12">{{cite book|title=The Glass Universe|last=Sobel|first=Dava|date=2016|publisher=Viking|isbn=978-0698148697|pages=xii}}</ref> 'Sy vlein 1881, chur Pickering cuirrey formoil da Fleming dy gholl stiagh 'sy RCH as dynsee eh j'ee kys spectrumyn rollageagh dy vynscrutaghey. Haink ee dy ve coontit mastey bun-olteynyn ny [[Harvard Computers]] ("Co-earrooderyn Harvard"), caidrey dy [[co-earrooder deiney|cho-earrooderyn deiney]] va jeant slane dy vraane as va failt dy cho-earroo rang-oardraghyn maddaghtoil as dy reaghey clouyn y reayrtlann.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Williamina Paton Fleming |url=https://www.projectcontinua.org/williamina-paton-fleming/}}</ref> [[Coadan:Astronomer Edward Charles Pickering's Harvard computers.jpg|thumb|Ny [[Harvard Computers]], y possan dy cho-earrooderyn bwoirrin ec Reayrtlann Cholleish Harvard, ren obbraghey er son y rollageyder Edward Charles Pickering. Ghow yn possan stiagh ny co-earrooderyn as rollageyderyn [[Henrietta Swan Leavitt]], [[Annie Jump Cannon]], Williamina Fleming, as [[Antonia Maury]].]] ===Catalog Henry Draper, 1886=== 'Sy vlein 1886, ghow [[Mary Anna Draper]], ben treoghe verçhagh y rollageyder [[Henry Draper]], toshiaght rish Cooinaght Henry Draper dy hroggal argid da ronsaght yn RCH.<ref>{{cite journal |title=On the Henry Draper Memorial Photographs of Stellar Spectra |last=Barker |first=George F. |year=1887 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KcAAAAAAYAAJ |journal=Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society |volume=24 |pages=166–172 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Ogilvie |first=Marilyn Bailey |year=1986 |title=Women in Science: Antiquity Through the Nineteenth Century: a Biographical Dictionary with Annotated Bibliography |url=https://archive.org/details/womeninscience00mari |url-access=registration |page=[https://archive.org/details/womeninscience00mari/page/75 75] |publisher=MIT Press |isbn=978-0-262-65038-0 }}</ref> Myr freggyrt, hoshee yn RCH gobbraghey er y chied lhieggan jeh [[Catalog Henry Draper]], shalee foddey-çhiarrymagh dy gheddyn ny spectrumyn shilleydagh veih wheesh rollageyn as va lowit as dy chlaaraghey as dy rang-oardraghey rollageyn rere spectrumyn.<ref>{{Cite journal |bibcode = 1915JRASC...9..203C|title = The Henry Draper Memorial|journal = Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada|volume = 9|pages = 203|last1 = Cannon|first1 = Annie J.|year = 1915 }}</ref> Va freggyrtys shalee Chatalog Draper currit da Fleming.<ref name=":1" /> Ansherbee, daase meechoardailys ayn bentyn rish rang-oardraghey ny rollageyn tammylt beg ny yei.<ref name=":12" /> Ghow Nettie Farrar toshiaght rish y vynscrutaghey, agh dirree ee ass reggyry dy veeghyn ny s'anmey dy phoosey. Ren [[Antonia Maury]] moylley skeim rang-oardraghey cramp. Er y laue elley, va Fleming shirrey bollagh jeeragh aashagh.<ref name=Mack1990>{{cite book |last=Mack |first=Pamela |chapter=Straying from their orbits: Women in astronomy in America |editor-first1=G. |editor-last1=Kass-Simon |editor-first2=Patricia |editor-last2=Farnes |editor-first3=Deborah |editor-last3=Nash |year=1990 |title=Women of Science: Righting the Record |location=Bloomington, IN, SUA |publisher=Indiana University Press |page=[https://archive.org/details/womenofsciencer000kass/page/99 99] |access-date=1 Averil 2014 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ez7DCJM57esC |isbn=9780253208132 |oclc=28112853 |url=https://archive.org/details/womenofsciencer000kass/page/99 }}</ref> Va ny jallooyn s'noa lesh Reayrtlann Cholleish Harvard cummal spectrumyn fotografit jeh rollageyn va sheeyney stiagh 'sy rheam erskyn-ghorrym, red chur rish rang-oardraghyn ny s'cruinn na recortyssey na spectrumyn er laueyn trooid greie 'syn oie.<ref name=":12" /> Chum Fleming corys &ndash; corys Pickering&ndash;Fleming &ndash; da rang-oardraghey rollageyn rere mooadys conastagh y [[hiddragien]] va fakinit ayns ny spectrumyn oc.<ref name=Britannica>{{Britannica | id=209979 }}</ref> Va rollageyn va taishbyney dy nee hiddragien y bun-stoo s'palçhey rang-oardit myr rollageyn A; adsyn va taishbyney dy nee hiddragien y nah vun-stoo s'palçhey, v'ad rang-oardit myr rollageyn B; as myr shen. Ny s'anmey, ren e co-obbree [[Annie Jump Cannon]] aa-reaghey yn corys rang-oardraghey dy ve bunnit er çhiassid eaghtyragh ny rollageyn, red vunnee [[corys spectragh Harvard]] ta foast ymmydit jiu.<ref name=Geiling2013>{{cite web |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/the-women-who-mapped-the-universe-and-still-couldnt-get-any-respect-9287444/ |title=The Women Who Mapped the Universe And Still Couldn't Get Any Respect |website=Smithsonian Magazine |date= 18 Mean Fouyir 2013 |author=Natasha Geiling |access-date= 19 Toshiaght Arree 2019}}</ref> 'Sy vlein 1890, hoilshee yn RCH y chied lhieggan jeh [[Catalog Henry Draper]] kyndagh rish bleeantyn d'obbyr lesh fwirran ny co-earrooderyn bwoirrin. Va'n catalog shen jeant seose jeh ny smoo 10,000 rollage as ad rang-oardit rere y spectrum oc. Ren Fleming y vooar chooid jeh ny rang-oardraghyn shen.<ref>Ollooscoill Harvard. [https://web.archive.org/web/20191207080617/https://platestacks.cfa.harvard.edu/about-collection "About the Collection"], ''[[Harvard.edu]]''.</ref> Chammah's shen, chur Fleming sheese bun da cosoylaght ny plaityn recortyssee rere rang-oardraghey thousaneyn dy fotografyn rere fodreayrtan as fysseree enney elley.<ref name=":12" /> 'Sy vlein 1898, v'ee pointit myr Curmeyder ny Fotografyn Rollageydagh ec Harvard, y chied ven dy row pointit da'n churrym shen.<ref name=Britannica /> Ec [[Feailley yn Dowan ayns Chicago]] 'sy vlein 1893, voyll Fleming er son mraane elley ayns ny h-oaylleeaghtyn 'sy loayrtys eck "''A Field for Woman's Work in Astronomy''" ("Magher da Obbyr ny Mraane 'sy Rollageydys"), raad ren ee ardjaghey faill ny cooneyderyn bwoirrin 'sy rollageydys. Chur e loayrtys sannish rish y choardailys lhee rish eie injillid nyr mraane, agh ec y traa cheddin v'ee smooinaghtyn dy dod ad ve nyn gochorrymee my vees ny smoo caaghyn oc; ayns focklyn elley, va ny caghlaaghyn keintyssagh bunnit er y chultoor as chan er y vea-oaylleeaght.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Rossiter|first=Margaret W.|date=1980|title="Women's Work" in Science, 1880–1910|jstor=230118|journal=Isis|volume=71|issue=3|pages=381–398|doi=10.1086/352540|s2cid=143706974}}</ref> ===Feddynyssyn ardghooagh=== Car e coorse bea, ren Fleming feddyn magh 59 [[neeal (rollageydys)|neeal]], ny smoo na 310 [[rollage chaghlaaee]], as 10 [[rollage noa]].<ref name=":0"/> T'eh coontey [[Neeal y Ching Chabbil]] as [[V Persei]] ny mast'oc [[Coadan:Delegates to the Fourth Conference International Union for Cooperation in Solar Research at Mount Wilson Observatory.jpg|thumb|Fleming, yesh veih'n vean, ec y Chiarroo Co-choyrle jeh'n Unnaneys Eddyrashoonagh cour Co-obbraghey 'sy Ronsaght Ghreiney ec [[Reayrtlann Mount Wilson]], 1910|350x350px]] 'Sy vlein 1888, ren Fleming feddyn magh [[Neeal y Ching Chabbil]]<ref name="Cannon" /> er plait fodreayrtan-[[fotogrameadraght]] va jeant lesh y rollageyder [[W. H. Pickering]], braar lesh E. C. Pickering. Chur ee sheese dy row "jingey lieh-chiarkylagh 5 minnid er crantessen as 30 minnid çheu yiass veih [[Zeta Orionis]]" ec y neeal gial (va enmyssit ny s'anmey myr [[IC 434]]). Cha ren clouyn keirdey ny yei cur treisht da Fleming son y feddynys shen. Lhig y chied lhieggan jeh [[Catalog Ayndagh Dreyer]] shaghey ennym Fleming veih rolley ny contoyrtyssee as hug ad y slane obbyr gys lieh "Pickering." Ansherbee, roish soilshaghey magh y nah lhieggan jeh Catalog Ayndagh Dreyer 'sy vlein 1908, va enney mie ec Flaming as e co-obbreeyn ec y RCH as hooar ad treisht chiart son nyn feddynyssyn. Chammah's shen, ta feddynys y chied [[crivassan bane|chrivassan bane]] treishtit da Fleming: {{quote |teks=The first person who knew of the existence of white dwarfs was Mrs. Fleming; the next two, an hour or two later, Professor E. C. Pickering and I. With characteristic generosity, Pickering had volunteered to have the spectra of the stars which I had observed for parallax looked up on the Harvard plates. All those of faint absolute magnitude turned out to be of class G or later. Moved with curiosity I asked him about the companion of 40 Eridani. Characteristically, again, he telephoned to Mrs. Fleming who reported within an hour or so, that it was of Class A. |ughtar=Henry Norris Russell<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Russell|first=Henry Norris|date=June 1944|title=Notes on white dwarfs and small companions|journal=The Astronomical Journal|volume=51|pages=13|bibcode=1944AJ.....51...13R|doi=10.1086/105780|doi-access=free}}</ref>{{Efn|"She Bnr Fleming va'n chied pheiagh va fys eck dy row crivassanyn ayn; y chied jees elley, oor ny daa ny s'anmey, yn Olloo E. C. Pickering as mish hene. Lesh feoiltys cowreydagh, ren Pickering dy arryltagh spectrumyn ny rollageyn va fakinit ayms son parallacs shirrit er plaityn Harvard. Adsyn as mooadys absaloidagh baiht oc, haink ad dy ve coontit mastey brastyl G ny ny s'anmey. Lesh peeikearys, deysht mee fy cumraag 40 Eridani. Reesht dy cowreydagh, dyllee eh Bnr Fleming er y çhellvane as dreggyr ee roish oor er y chlag dy nee Brastyl A v'eh.}} }} 'Sy vlein 1910, hoilshee Fleming magh e feddynys jeh rollageyn crivassanagh bane.<ref name=":0" /> Ta e clouyn ardghooagh elley goaill stiagh ''A Photographic Study of Variable Stars'' (1907), rolley 222 [[rollage chaghlaaee]] va feddynit magh eck; as ''Spectra and Photographic Magnitudes of Stars in Standard Regions'' (1911). Haink ee dy ve ny seyraanagh Americaanagh 'sy vlein 1907.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Williamina Fleming |url=https://www.lindahall.org/about/news/scientist-of-the-day/williamina-fleming |access-date=2022-12-17 |website=The Linda Hall Library |language=Baarle}}</ref> Hooar ee baase veih'n niumoan ayns Boston er 21 Boaldyn 1911,<ref name="Cannon"/><ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://scientificwomen.net/women/fleming-williamina-37|title=Williamina&nbsp;FLEMING|website=scientificwomen.net}}</ref> as ee 54 bleeaney d'eash. ==Onnoryn== * Oltey [[Sheshaght Rollageydys as Fishig Rollageagh America|Heshaght Rollageydys as Fishig Rollageagh America]] as Heshaght Rollageydys y Rank<ref name="Cannon"/> * Oltey onnoroil [[Sheshaght Reeoil y Rollageydys|Heshaght Reeoil y Rollageydys]] ayns Lunnin 'sy vlein 1906, y chied ven Americaanagh dy ve reiht da<ref name=":0" /> * Boyn Guadalupe Almendaro lesh [[Sheshaght Rollageydys Veksico]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Inicio {{!}} Sociedad Astronomica de México AC |url=https://www.sociedadastronomicademexico.org/ |access-date=2024-03-20 |website=Sociedad Astronómica |language=Spaainish}}</ref> son e feddynys jeh rollageyn noa * Sheshey-oltey onnoroil [[Colleish Wellesley|Cholleish Wellesley]] * Er ny chelloorey er Raad Mraane Dùn Dèagh<ref>{{cite web | title=Williamina Fleming | website=Dundee Women's Trail | date=7 Nollick 2020 | url=https://www.dundeewomenstrail.org.uk/womens-trail/williamina-fleming/ | access-date=13 Nollick 2024}}</ref> ==Eiraght== * Ta'n [[slogh cruinn eayst]] [[Fleming (slogh cruinn)|Fleming]] enmyssit assjee as ass [[Alexander Fleming]] * Ta'n roltageagh [[5747 Williamina]] enmyssit assjee.<ref>{{Cite web |title=IAU, WGSBN Bulletin, Ym-l. 2, ear. 1, 17 Jerrey Geuree 2022 |url=https://www.iau.org/static/publications/wgsbn-bulletins/wgsbn-bulletin-2201.pdf |access-date=2025-10-22 |archive-date=2024-12-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241229225415/https://www.iau.org/static/publications/wgsbn-bulletins/wgsbn-bulletin-2201.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Noteyn== {{notelist}} ==Imraaghyn== {{reflist}} ==Lhaih neesht== {{refbegin}} *{{cite book|last1=Sobel|first1=Dava|title=The Glass Universe: How the Ladies of the Harvard Observatory Took the Measure of the Stars|date=2016|publisher=Penguin|isbn=978-0670016952}} *{{cite book|last1=Shearer|first1=Benjamin|title=Notable women in the physical sciences : a biographical dictionary|date=1997|publisher=Greenwood Press|location=Westport, Conn. [u.a.]|isbn=978-0313293030|edition=1. publ.|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780313293030}} {{refend}} ==Kianglaghyn magh== {{Sister project links|wikt=no |commons=Category:Williamina Fleming |b=no |n=no |q=no |s=Author:Williamina Paton Stevens Fleming |v=no |species=no| voy=no |d=Q284180}} * Waldee, S. R.; Hazen, M. L. (Sauin 1990). ''The discovery of early photographs of the Horsehead nebula.'' Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 102: 1337 {{bibcode|1990PASP..102.1337W}} {{doi|10.1086/132771}} * [http://freescruz.com/~4cygni/horsehead/B33-19thC_4.htm The Horsehead Nebula in the 19th Century, by Waldee] ([https://web.archive.org/web/20150106052626/http://freescruz.com/~4cygni/horsehead/B33-19thC_4.htm er ny hashtey]) * Cannon, Annie J. (Sauin 1911). ''Williamina Paton Fleming.'' The Astrophysical Journal. 34: 314. {{Bibcode|1911ApJ....34..314C}} {{doi|10.1086/141894}} * [https://astrosociety.org/education-outreach/resource-guides/women-in-astronomy-an-introductory-resource-guide.html Rolley lioaryn] veih [[Sheshaght Rollageydys y Cheayn Sheealtagh]] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20190221102133/http://www.projectcontinua.org/williamina-paton-fleming/ Project Continua: Biography of Williamina Paton Fleming] She saase yl-veanagh bunnit er yn eddyr-voggyl eh Project Continua ta jeerit da crooaght as freayltys shennaghys toiggaltagh ny mraane veih'n eanish s'leah dys y 21d eash. * Sonreeaghtyn Ruggyree as Baaish veih [https://www.scotlandspeople.gov.uk/ ScotlandsPeople] : Statutory Birth Record 282/02/0700; Statutory Marriage Record 282/03/0098 ===Fograghyn baaish=== * {{cite journal |title=Obituary Notice : Honorary Member : Fleming, Williamina Paton |page=261 |journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |volume=72 |ref={{sfnref |Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 1912MNRAS..72..261}} |isbn=978-1330116579 |issn=0035-8711 |oclc=1055557530 |bibcode=1912MNRAS..72..261. |year=1912 |doi=10.1093/mnras/72.4.261 |doi-access=free }} {{gurneil eaghtyrys}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Fleming, Williamina}} [[Ronney:Ruggyryn 'sy vlein 1857]] [[Ronney:Baaseyn 'sy vlein 1911]] [[Ronney:Rollageyderyn bwoirrin Albinagh]] [[Ronney:Rollageyderyn bwoirrin Americaanagh]] [[Ronney:Harvard Computers]] [[Ronney:Neeal y Ching Chabbil]] [[Ronney:Feallee ass Dùn Dèagh]] [[Ronney:Arragheryn magh Albinagh dys ny Steatyn Unnaneysit]] [[Ronney:Fowderyn reddyn rollageydagh]] pldv87pwzlrbeziokra6gcyjbtuu1p3 Eaddagh mwannalagh 0 45418 384168 370467 2026-07-04T23:30:15Z InternetArchiveBot 16702 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 384168 wikitext text/x-wiki She ronney [[eaddeeyn]] ta ceaut mygeayrt ny er y [[mwannal|wannal]] ta '''eaddagh mwannalagh'''. Foddee eaddagh mwannalagh ve lhome-ymmydoilagh, dy choadey yn mwannal veih'n eayght myr sampleyr, ny ve ceaut myr "[[dreagh fassan]]." Ta eaddagh mwannalagh yn-scarrey veih [[jesheen wannalagh]] ta meenit myr [[cliejeenys]]. == Sorçhyn d'eaddagh mwannalagh == === Bussal mwannal === [[Coadan:Scarf (costume accessory).jpg|thumb|Bussal mwannal]] {{Main|Bussal mwannal}} She guibbyl liauyr d'eaddagh ta ceaut er ny mygeayrt y wannal, ny geayltyn, ny yn chione eh yn '''bussal mwannal'''. Ta bussallyn mwannal ceaut son çhiass, son coadey veih'n ghrian, son glennid, myr dreaght fassan, son cooishyn crauee, ny son moylley club ny fwirran spoyrt dy haishbyney.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Scarf Definition & Meaning |url=https://www.britannica.com/dictionary/scarf |access-date=2023-01-06 |website=www.britannica.com |language=Baarle}}</ref> Foddee bussallyn mwannal ve jeant ass [[ollan]], [[lieen (eggey feeit)|lieen]], [[sheeidey]], as [[cadee]], mastey stoo elley. She sorçh cadjin dy eaddagh mwannalagh as dy ghliggyr yl-vleinoil t'eh. === Bussal mwannalagh === [[Coadan:Neckerchief.jpg|thumb|left|Bussal mwannalagh]] {{Main|Bussal mwannalagh}} She sorçh eaddagh mwannalagh eh yn '''bussal mwannalagh''' ta ceaut lhieusyn ta gobbraghey ny beaghey mooie fo'n aer, goaill stiagh [[obbree thallooin|obbreeyn thallooin]], [[guilley baa|guillyn baa]], as [[shiaulteyr]]yn. T'eh foast ry-akin ayns ny [[Ny Scrialtee|Scrialtee]] as ny [[Ny Benaeglee|Benaeglee]], mastey gleashaghtyn aegey elley. Ta bussal mwannalagh jeant ass peesh d'eaddagh trooraneagh ny peesh kiare-uillinagh ta fillit ersyn hene myr troorane. Yn oirrag liauyr, t'eh rollit dys y phoynt, faagail ayrn neu-rollit. Eisht, t'eh kianglt mygeayrt y wannal as ta ny king sniemmit ry cheilley ny shickyrit lesh greimmag ny lhoobane. === Carvat === [[Coadan:Necktie (drawing).jpg|thumb|Carvat]] {{Main|Carvat}} She guibbyl dy eaddagh mwannalagh [[eaddagh formoil|formoil]] ny da'n [[eaddagh offish|offish]] eh yn '''carvat liauyr''' ny yn '''carvat'''. T'eh ceaut son cooishyn jesheenagh ny cowreydagh as eh soit fo [[colliar (eaddeeyn)|colliar lheiney]] ny sniemmit ec y scoarnagh as croghey sheese y cleeau er y chooid smoo. Keayrtyn, foddee carvatyn ve ceaut erskyn [[colliar skianagh|colliar lheiney skianagh]]. Ansherbee, ayns keirdyn ta shirrey obbyr laue, ta bun y charvat fillit stiagh ayns fosley ayns linney ny [[cramman]]yn jeh [[lheiney fastyr]], lheid as [[eaddeeyn caggee formoil]] ny [[Core Marrey ny Steatyn Unnaneysit]]. Ta carvatyn piyrit dy cadjin lesh [[jaggad chullee share|jaggadyn cullee share]] ny [[jaggad spoyrtagh|jaggadyn spoyrtagh]], as, eer, lesh guibbylyn elley, lheid as y [[gansee mwannal birragh]]. Ta screeudeyryn shennaghys fassan gra dy daink carvatyn ass y [[cravat (leah)|chravat leah]] ayns [[eash y Lhiass-reeriaght]]. Cha nel lhiurid stundayrtit ec carvatyn as foddee sleih çheet er carvatyn ny s'liurey da sleih ard. Ta lheead y charvat piyrit rish lheead filltag y jaggad cullee share. Hoshiaght, va carvatyn coontit myr "[[eaddagh deiney|eaddagh fir]]" agh jiu t'ad coontit myr reddyn cooie da [[eaddeeyn da mraane as deiney|mraane as deiney]] 'sy chooid smoo jeh [[cultoor y Theihll Heear|cultooryn y Theihll Heear]]. Dy mennick, ta carvatyn ceaut myr ayrn jeh [[eaddagh cadjinit]]. Dy tradishoonagh, ta cramman heose y lheiney doont as ta sniem y charvat soit eddyr poyntyn y cholliar.<ref>{{cite web |last=Agins |first=Teri |date=1 Luanistyn 2012 |title=When Is it Time to Loosen the Tie? |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10000872396390444405804577561292978777290 |publisher=Wall Street Journal}}</ref> ==== Carvat bolo ==== [[Coadan:Bolo tie (drawing).jpg|left|thumb|Carvat bolo (linneeaght)]] {{Main|Carvat bolo}} She sorçh [[carvat]] ta'n '''carvat bolo''' (ny '''carvat bola''' ny '''carvat yeeal vraagey''' keayrtyn) ta jeant seose lesh peesh dy choyrd ny liare fillit as baareyn meainagh jesheenagh echey (ta enmyssit [[aiguillette]]yn) as ta kianglit lesh greimmag ornaidagh. === Carvat follican === [[Coadan:Bow-tie-colour-isolated.jpg|thumb|Carvat follican scheimmeigagh fo colliar skianagh]] {{Main|Carvat follican}} She guibbyl dy eaddagh mwannalagh eh yn '''carvat follican''', ta enmyssit ass y cummey [[follican]] echey. Ta carvat follican noa-emshiragh sniemmit ry-cheilley lesh [[sniem laatçhey braag]] cadjin. T'eh jeant ass [[rybban]] dy eaddagh ta sniemmit mygeayrt [[colliar (eaddeeyn)|colliar]] lheiney ayns aght shimmeadragh ta lowal yn daa vaare lhoobyn y chroo. Er y chooid smoo, ta tree sorçh dy charvat follican ayn: roie-sniemmit, fasteenit, as hene-sniemmit. Ta carvatyn follican roie-sniemmit çheet er carvatyn raad ta'n lhoob er lheh er ny whailley er bann ta goll mygeayrt y wannal as kianglt ry-cheilley lesh fasteen. Ta fir jeh ny carvatyn follican fasteenit faagail magh y bann, as kianglt dy jeeragh rish y cholliar lesh fasteen. Y carvat follican tradishoonagh, ta jeant ass scheim dy eaddagh lhisagh y ceaueyder sniemmey ry-cheilley er laueyn. Ta'n sorçh shoh enmyssit y carvat follican "hene-sniemmit" ny "seyr-aght." ==== Carvat kipper ==== [[Coadan:1953_wide_tie.jpg|left|thumb|Fer ta ceau carvat kipper 'sy vlein 1953.]] {{Main|Carvat kipper}} She sorçh [[carvat]] va feer chadjin 'sy Reeriaght Unnaneysit ayns ny 1960yn meanagh derrey ny 1970yn jeianagh. Ta carvatyn kipper (ass {{lang|en|''kipper''}} y Vaarle ta meanal "[[skeddan]]") feer lhean ({{cvt|4.5–5|in}} er lheead, dy cadjin) as dallagh rere ny daaghyn as ny patternyn orroo. === Carvat sthock === [[Coadan:Raymond Manupelli, Stock Tie, 1935-1942, NGA 13390.jpg|thumb|Stock tie]] {{Main|Carvat sthock}} Ta '''carvat sthock''' ny '''sthock''' çheet er mod dy eaddagh mwannalagh. Hoshiaght, she cummey eaddagh mwannalagh v'er ny chreoiaghey as va ceaut dy çhionn lesh fir, agh haink dy ve ceaut lhieusyn ayns cullee chadjinit chaggee lurg y nuyoo eash jeig. Ta sorçh elley dy sthock ceaut lesh clere ennagh as t'eh jeant ass sheeidey ny eggey feeit elley doo, croghit sheese y cleeau, as kianglt lesh bann mygeayrt y wannal. Ta [[markiaght|markee]] ceau carvat sthock mygeayrt y wannal tra t'ad coamrit dy formoil son [[shelg shynnee]] ny son taghyrtyn cohirreydagh ennagh. Ta'n chooid smoo jeh reillyn cohirrey markee shirrey carvatyn sthock bane. She coamrey sarit t'eh ayns ''[[dressage]]'' as 'sy phaase ''dressage'' jeh [[eabyn markee]]. Ta ymmyd y charvat sthock ry-akin chammah ayns [[lheimmeraght-cabbyl]] as [[shelg shynnee]]. Ta'n carvat sthock foast coontit myr guibbyl fassan mastey markee. === Colliar saggyrtoil === {{Main|Colliar saggyrtoil}} Ta '''colliar saggyrtoil''', '''colliar saggyrt''', ny '''colliar bane''' çheet er [[eaddeeyn saggyrtoil|guibbyl saggyrtoil]] [[Yn Chreestiaght|Creestee]].<ref name="Slattery2017">{{cite book |last=Slattery |first=Kathryn |title=365 Bible Answers for Curious Kids |date=28 Mee Houney 2017 |publisher=[[Thomas Nelson (soilsheyder)|Thomas Nelson]] |isbn=9780718085650 |page=294 |language=Baarle}}</ref> Ta'n colliar saggyrtoil begnagh dy kinjagh bane er daah as, hoshiaght, v'eh jeant ass cadee ny lieen agh jiu foddee colliaryn plastagh dy gheddyn. Y slane colliar tradishoonagh, she fainey t'eh ta dooney ec cooyl y wannal lesh eddin gyn junt. Dy mennick, t'eh kianglt lesh ''colliaraid'' ta coodaghey yn colliar bane begnagh dy slane, faagail kiare-chuilleig vane veg ec bun y scoarnee, as, keayrtyn, lesh yn oirrag heose foshlit dy yannoo arrish er colliar [[cassag]]. Er aght elley, foddee dy nee fooag vane yn-scarrey t'eh ta soit er eddin y lheiney saggyrtoil. Y lheiney saggyrtoil, t'eh doo er daah (ny daaghyn elley croghey er rhenk shirveishaght y pheiagh, lheid as gorrym jiarg da aspickyn [[Yn AnglicaanaghtAnglicaanagh]]) dy tradishoonagh, agh jiu t'eh ry-gheddyn ayns ymmodee daaghyn, croghey er reihys y cheaueyder. As y chlere çhebbal sharmanyn, keayrtyn, t'ad kiangley [[bann preaçheil|bannyn preaçheil]] rish nyn golliaryn saggyrtoil. === Cravat leah === [[Coadan:Cravat_(clothing).jpg|thumb|Cravat myr va ceaut 'sy 19oo eash]] {{Main|Cravat (leah)}} 'Sy vlein 1660, ren rejiment ass y Chroit keayrt er [[Paarys]] dy chelloorey yn varriaght chreoi-gheyre oc er yn [[Yn Impiraght Ottomanagh|Impiraght Ottomanagh]]. Va sidooryn y rejiment er nyn jebbal myr fenee ghloyroil rish [[Louisagh XIV y Rank|Louisagh XIV]], monark mie ennit son y cleayney echey da'n jesheenaghey persoonagh. Ec y traa shen, va ny h-offishearyn ceau bussalyn laue gial daahoil jeant ass sheeidey mygeayrt nyn mwannalyn. By haittyn ny h-eaddeeyn mwannalagh lesh y ree, as, eisht, ren eh cowraghyn reeoilid jeu as chroo eh rejiment jeh Cravatyn Reeoil.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stainko |first=David |date=2019-01-02 |title=Croatian Soldiers and the Invention of the Necktie |url=https://www.usadojo.com/croatian-soldiers-and-the-invention-of-the-necktie/ |access-date=2025-05-08 |website=USAdojo.com |language=Baarle}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=cravats |url=https://histclo.com/style/bow/tie/cravat.html |access-date=2025-05-08 |website=histclo.com}}</ref> Ta'n fockle ''cravat'', cur liorish y fockle Gaelgey "carvat", çheet ass yn abbyrt Frangish ''{{lang|fr|à la croate}}''—"ayns mod ny [[Croitee]]".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-01-25 |title=The History of the Cravat |url=https://www.cravat-club.com/blogs/news/the-history-of-the-cravat?srsltid=AfmBOoq-0t8Fjpc1I49lL0ccUzue-c3dsbX554oeUWEa-nbmbUh6Tqa_ |access-date=2025-05-08 |website=Cravat Club |language=Baarle}}</ref> 'Sy 18oo eash, car [[eash y Lhiass-reeriaght]], va cravatyn as colliaryn jeant ass [[cadee|cadee]] ny [[lieen (eggey feeit)|lieen]] bane er y chooid smoo. 'Syn eash leah, va colliaryn fillit er [[bann mwannalagh|bannyn mwannalagh]] as follit fo eaddagh mwannalagh ny cravat va fillit mygeayrt y wannal as sniemmeit fo'n smeg. Ny s'anmey 'syn eash shen, haink ny bannyn shen dy ve ny s'liurey as v'ad er nyn lhiasaghey myr colliaryn er nyn whailley jeeragh er lheinaghyn. Va lhieggan ennagh ayn, enmyssit y [[steinkirk]], raad va cravat cast skeaylt ayn as un vaare echey er ny hayrn stiagh trooid giarrey beg da cramman.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last=Tortora |first=Phyllis G. |url= |title=Survey of Historic Costume |last2=Eubank |first2=Keith |date= |publisher=FAIRCHILD BOOKS, Bloomsbury |year=2021 |isbn=978-1-56367-806-6 |edition=7th |pages=199 |language=Baarle}}</ref> === Cravat noa-emshiragh === [[Coadan:Governor_Ralph_Northam_Gives_Inaugural_Address_(39348612584)_(cropped).jpg|thumb|left|[[Ralph Northam]], kiannoort steat Americaanagh y [[Yn Virjeeney|Virjeeney]] ec y traa, loayrt 'sy vlein 2018 as eh ceau cravat noa-emshiragh]] {{Main|Cravat}} She guibbyl dy eaddagh mwannalagh eh yn cravat, lesh skianyn lhean birragh ec y bun, fillit mygeayrt y wannal, as croghit sheese y cleeau dy choodaghey linney [[cramman]]yn dy [[lheiney fastyr]]. Ta cravatyn formoil ceaut dy beayn erskyn colliar lheiney skianagh as sniemmit ec yn eddin, choud's ta cravatyn neu-formoil ceaut fo'n cholliar lheiney neusniemmit. Ta cravatyn jeant ass [[sheeidey]] patternit dy tradishoonagh. Va cravatyn leah ry-gheddyn ayns daaghyn ennagh er lheh er-yn-oyr dy row eh doillee [[daaghey (eggey feeit)|daaghyn]] dy gheddyn as dy yannoo, agh jiu foddee cravatyn dy gheddyn ayns begnagh dagh daah. Ansherbee, t'ad ry-gheddyn er y chooid smoo ayns daaghyn neaghtyragh dy phiyral rish y lheiney fastyr as [[jaggad chullee share]] ny [[cullee yinnairagh share]]. Dy cadjin, ta cummey patternyn er, t'eh fillit er y cheilley, as kianglt lesh [[freeney carvat]] ny [[fasteen carvat]]. T'eh ceaut myr [[eaddagh formoil]] lesh [[eaddeeyn moghree]] son [[bannish]]yn laa as er ny cheau lesh [[cooat moghree]] [[breeçhyn formoil]] leah scheimmeigagh. === Bannyn ny fooagyn mwannalagh === [[Coadan:John_Witherspoon3.jpg|thumb|[[John Witherspoon]], shirveishagh Presbyteyragh 'sy 18oo eash, lesh kianglaghyn saggyrtoil er.]] {{Main|Bannyn mwannalagh}} She cummey eaddagh mwannalagh formoil ad '''bannyn''' ny '''fooagyn mwannalagh'''. Er y chooidn smoo, t'ad ceaut lesh [[clere]] as [[leighder]]yn ennagh, as lesh cummaghyn eigsoylagh dy [[eaddagh ard-scoillaragh]]. T'ad jeant ass daa pheesh dy eaddagh dronuillag, bane er daah er y chooid smoo, ta sniemmit rish y wannal. Tra ta'n chlere ceau ad, t'ad kianglt rish [[colliar saggyrtoil]]. === Lavallière === [[Coadan:Lavalliere.png|thumb|left|''Lavallière'' sampleyragh]] {{Main|Lavallière}} Ta'n '''''lavallière''''' ceaut lesh [[bloose]]yn as [[bouin (eaddagh)|bouin]]yn. She lhoob ta kianglt ec y wannal, as cosoylaght er ny ve jeant eddyr eh as adsyn ta ry-akin er kiyt, keayrtyn. === Ruff === [[Coadan:Ruff collar.jpg|thumb|Colliar ruff]] {{Main|Ruff (eaddeeyn)}} Ta '''ruff''' çheet er peesh d'eaddagh va ceaut 'syn [[Yn Oarpey Heear|Oarpey Heear]], [[Yn Oarpey Veanagh|Veanagh]], as [[Yn Oarpey Hwoaie|Hwoaie]], chammah as ayns [[America Spaainagh]] veih'n 16oo eash veanagh derrey yn 17oo eash veanagh. Y lhieggan runt as rea, t'eh enmyssit '''colliar clagh wyllin''' keayrtyn, kyndagh rish e chaslid rish [[clagh wyllin|claghyn mwyllin]] va ymmydit dy leeu arroo. === Tippet === [[File:Frans_Hals_114_WGA_version.jpg|thumb|''Portrait of a Woman'' by Frans Hals, about 1655–1660. The sitter wears a white tippet. [[Ferens Art Gallery]], Hull, England]] {{Main|Tippet}} Ta '''tippet''' çheet er peesh d'eaddagh ta ceaut er ny geayltyn ayns cummey [[bussal mwannal]] ny [[cloagey]]. Dirree tippetyn 'sy [[Fassan 'syn Oarpey 'sy 14oo eash|14oo eash]] ass muinneelyn liauyrey lesh un chione croghey sheese dys ny glioonyn. Chammah's shen, foddee tippet çheet er scheim keyl liauyr d'eaddagh gollrish strilleen &ndash; kianglt rish cryss vuinneel erskyn yn uillin &ndash; va croghey dy bwaagh sheese dys y ghlioon ny dys y thalloo, foddee.<ref>{{cite web |author=Rosalie Gilbert |title=Tippets & Lappets: The Arm Accessories of The 14th Century |url=https://rosaliegilbert.com/tippets.html |website=Rosalie's Medieval Woman |access-date=2026-01-10 |archive-date=2026-02-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260213162852/http://www.rosaliegilbert.com/tippets.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ayns fassan ny s'anmagh, foddee tippet çheet er filtag ennagh gollrish bussal mwannal, jeant as [[fynney]] er y chooid smoo, lheid as y [[zibellino]] veih'n [[Fassan 'syn Oarpey eddyr 1700 as 1750|16oo eash]]<ref name="QE">Arnold, Janet: ''Queen Elizabeth's Wardrobe Unlock'd'', W S Maney and Son Ltd, Leeds 1988. {{ISBN|0-901286-20-6}}</ref> ny yn [[cloageen]] fynney-linnit va ceaut 'sy [[Fassan 'sy Theihll Heear eddyr 1700 as 1750 in fashion|18oo eash veanagh]]. == Jeeagh er neesht == * [[Oirrag wannalagh]] == Imraaghyn == {{reflist}} {{Eaddeeyn}} {{gurneil eaghtyrys}} [[Ronney:Eaddeeyn]] [[Ronney:Rollaghyn bentyn rish eaddeeyn]] [[Ronney:Fassan]] 163v3a9id6zg6cr30lf6svhnwllvdx8 Maan (arraneyder) 0 51837 384139 384135 2026-07-04T16:27:28Z MacTire02 219 -catsort 384139 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WD Kishtey Fys Dooinney | ennym = Maan | jalloo = Maan bij DWDD in 2017.jpg | fo-heidyl = Maan ec [[De Wereld Draait Door]] 'sy vlein 2017 | ennym_ruggyr = Maan de Steenwinkel | date_ruggyr = {{date_ruggyr|df=yes|1997|2|10}}<ref name=yous>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vpro.nl/speel~WO_VPRO_16395969~yous-yay-maan~.html|title=Yous & Yay & Maan|work=VPRO |date=5 Jerrey Geuree 2021}}</ref> | boayl_ruggyr = [[Utrecht]], y Çheer Injil<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.538.nl/interview/maan-geeft-antwoord-op-meest-gegoogelde-vragen|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181119051707/https://www.538.nl/interview/maan-geeft-antwoord-op-meest-gegoogelde-vragen|archive-date=19 Mee Houney 2018|url-status=dead|title=Maan geeft antwoord op de meest gegoogelde vragen|date=26 Mean Souree 2017}}</ref><ref name=yous /> }} {{Çhyndaait|1=en|2=Maan (singer)|lhieggan=50713008}} She arraneyder Ollanagh ee '''Maan de Steenwinkel''' (ruggit er 10 Toshiaght Arree 1997), ta mie er enney chammah lesh yn ennym ardan eck, '''Maan'''. Haink rah urree erreish j'ee imbagh shey jeh ''[[The Voice of Holland]]'' dy chosney. Lurg shen, ghow ee ayrn 'sy straih hellveeish Ollanagh ''[[De beste zangers van Nederland]]'' as ayns lhieggan Ollanagh jeh ''[[Dance Dance Dance (straih hellveeish Ghoaldagh)|Dance Dance Dance]]''. 'Sy vlein 2019, haink de Steenwinkel dy ve ny kied chosneyder jeh ''The Voice of Holland'' as singyl eck er ny kaartyn [[Dutch Top 40]] lesh yn arrane "Hij is Van Mij". 'sy Vlein 2023, haink e arrane "[[Stiekem]]" marish [[Goldband]] dy ve ny hingyl Ollanish smoo v'ayn rieau, rere y Dutch Top 40. ==Bea leah== Va De Steenwinkel ruggit ayns [[Utrecht]]. Ren y lught-thie eck scughey dys [[Bergen, yn Ollan Hwoaie]] blein ny yei. She stiureyder çhellveeish da claareeyn cowag lheid as ''[[Pauw]]'' as ''[[De Wereld Draait Door]]'' eh yn ayr eck, Siebe de Steenwinkel, as she ynseyder laue-cheirdey va'n voir eck.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mediacourant.nl/2016/05/maan-ondanks-kritiek-weer-met-papa-mee-naar-pauw/|title = Maan ondanks kritiek wéér met papa mee naar Pauw|date = 12 Boaldyn 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author1=Peter Van Brummelen |title=Zangeres Maan de Steenwinkel: 'Dit is mijn vierde tussenjaar' |url=https://www.parool.nl/kunst-media/zangeres-maan-de-steenwinkel-dit-is-mijn-vierde-tussenjaar~be2156e8/ |website=[[Het Parool]] |accessdate=1 Boaldyn 2020 |language=Ollanish|date=21 Mayrnt 2020}}</ref> Hie ee dys Murmellius Gymnasium ayns [[Alkmaar]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Maan - Biografie |url=https://www.nporadio5.nl/sterrennl/muziek/artiesten/9bbdd82e-fc53-40ea-b190-e62029339984/maan |website=nporadio5.nl |publisher=[[NPO Radio 5]] |access-date=4 Toshiaght Arree 2022}}</ref> == Coorse-bea == [[Coadan:Night of the Koemarkt 2018 (41320587600) (cropped).jpg|thumb|Maan goaill arrane 'sy vlein 2018]] 'Sy vlein 2015, hass de Steenwinkel ayns cohirrey eaishtagh da'n çheyoo imbagh jeh ''[[The Voice of Holland]]'', raad v'ee ny oltey lesh Fwirran [[Marco Borsato|Marco]]. Chloie ee "[[The Power of Love (arrane Frankie Goes to Hollywood)|The Power of Love]]" 'sy chohirrey eaishtagh goal raad chass dagh fer jeh ny kiare briwnyn ayns nyn soiagyn oc.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.top40.nl/maan/perfect-world_26946|title=Maan - Perfect World|publisher=Stichting Nederlandse Top 40|website=top40.nl}}</ref> Er 29 Jerrey Geuree 2016, chossyn de Steenwinkel yn cohirrey. Lurg y varriaght eck, ren ee skeaylley magh y singyl "Perfect World" v'er ny ghientyn lesh [[Hardwell]], as cha voddey derrey hooar eh teisht airhey as haink eh stiagh mastey yn Top 40 'sy Çheer Injil.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Westdijk |first=Marte |date=1 Mean Souree 2016 |title=The Voice-winnares Maan had nog nooit een vriendje |url=https://www.flair.nl/juice/the-voice-winnares-maan-nog-nooit-vriendje~bba5e45d |website=Flair}}</ref> Va'n rah cheddin ec e nah hingyl, "Ride It".<ref name="wiwi" /> 'Sy vlein 2016, chur ee e goo rish Becky yn arkan friogganagh 'sy fillym bioghit [[Sing (fillym Americaanagh 2016)|''Sing'']].<ref>{{cite web|access-date=5 Mean Fouyir 2018 |archive-date=5 Mean Fouyir 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180905214731/https://www.100p.nl/nieuws/hoop-bn-ers-in-stemmencast-animatiefilm-sing |date=12 Jerrey Fouyir 2016 |publisher=100% NL |title=Hoop BN'ers in stemmencast animatiefilm Sing |url=https://www.100p.nl/nieuws/hoop-bn-ers-in-stemmencast-animatiefilm-sing}}</ref> 'Sy vlein 2017, ghow de Steenwinkel ayrn 'sy jeihoo imbagh jeh ''[[Beste Zangers|De beste zangers van Nederland]]'' as imbagh tree jeh ''[[Dance Dance Dance (straih hellveeish Ghoaldagh)#Lhiegganyn elley|Dance Dance Dance]]''.<ref name="wiwi">{{cite web|url=https://wiwibloggs.com/2017/07/11/netherlands-maan-woman-eurovision-2018/192749/|title=THE NETHERLANDS: IS MAAN THE WOMAN FOR EUROVISION 2018?|date=11 Jerrey Souree 2017|publisher=Wiwibloggs|website=wiwibloggs.com|author=Mike}}</ref> Ayns Mee ny Nollick, va de Steenwinkel cloie bio ec [[Radio 538]] tra ren rimmeigeyder rooisht ratçh er yn ardan as, myr eirtys, vrish ee magh keayney lieh-vollagh trooid y chloie eck. Ny s'anmagh, v'eh fogrit dy ren DJ y stashoon Frank Dane cur y cluic er bun, as haink arganeys magh ass.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Baillie |first=Katie |date=5 Mee ny Nollick 2017 |title=Dutch radio station apologises after streaker prank leaves singer in tears |url=https://metro.co.uk/2017/12/05/dutch-radio-station-apologises-streaker-prank-leaves-singer-tears-7134264/ |access-date=29 Mee ny Nollick 2022 |website=Metro |language=Baarle}}</ref> Ayns Toshiaght Arree 2019, ren "Hij is Van Mij", yn arrane eck marish [[Kris Kross Amsterdam]], [[Bizzey]] as Tabitha, roshtyn y chied ynnyd er y [[Dutch Top 40]], as haink Maan dy ve ny chied chosneyder jeh ''[[The Voice of Holland]]'' dy chosney singyl 'sy chied ynnyd.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hij Is Van Mij nieuwe nummer 1 in de Top 40 {{!}} Top 40-nieuws |url=https://www.top40.nl/hitlijsten-nieuws-hij-is-van-mij-nieuwe-nummer-1-in-de-top-40 |access-date=8 Jerrey Geuree 2025 |website=Top40.nl |language=Ollanish}}</ref> Ayns Jerrey Geuree 2020, ren ee skeaylley magh e kied albym ''Onverstaanbaar''.<ref>{{cite web |title=Maan is dankbaar voor reacties op debuutalbum |url=https://www.telegraaf.nl/entertainment/2118064729/maan-is-dankbaar-voor-reacties-op-debuutalbum |website=[[De Telegraaf]] |accessdate=1 Boaldyn 2020 |language=Ollanish |date=1 Toshiaght Arree 2020}}</ref> Ayns Mayrnt 2021, haink y singyl "Blijven slapen" lhee stiagh 'sy chied ynnyd, y nah hingyl lesh 'syn ynnyd shen. She co-obbraghey v'eh lesh [[Snelle]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=26 Mayrnt 2021 |title=Snelle & Maan met Blijven Slapen nieuwe nummer 1 in de Top 40 |url=https://www.ad.nl/show/snelle-en-maan-met-blijven-slapen-nieuwe-nummer-1-in-de-top-40~a23f4caf/?referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F |access-date=8 Jerrey Geuree 2025 |website=[[Algemeen Dagblad]]}}</ref> Ayns Mee Houney 2022, ren ee skeaylley magh "[[Stiekem]]", arrane lesh y phop-phossan Ollanagh [[Goldband]], tammylt beg ny yei fogrey magh yn mooinjerys eck lesh yn oltey Karel Gerlach.<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 November 2022 |title=Maan heeft een relatie met Goldband's Karel Gerlach: wie is haar nieuwe vriend? |url=https://www.cosmopolitan.com/nl/entertainment/a41988043/vriend-maan-goldband-karel-gerlach/ |access-date=8 Jerrey Geuree 2025 |website=Cosmopolitan |language=Ollanish}}</ref> Hannee "Stiekem" 'sy nah ynnyd feie nuy shiaghtinyn ayns ny bleeantyn 2022 as 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title=De 10 hits met de meeste weken op nummer 2 {{!}} Top 40-nieuws |url=https://www.top40.nl/overig-nieuws-de-10-hits-met-de-meeste-weken-op-nummer-2 |access-date=8 Jerrey Geuree 2025 |website=Top40.nl |language=Ollanish}}</ref> Ayns Boaldyn 2023, haink eh dy ve ny hingyl Ollanish smoo eeckit v'ayn rieau, rere y Dutch Top 40.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Stiekem is grootste Nederlandstalige hit ooit {{!}} Top 40-nieuws |url=https://www.top40.nl/nieuws-nieuws-stiekem-is-grootste-nederlandstalige-hit-ooit |access-date=8 Jerrey Geuree 2025 |website=Top40.nl |language=Ollanish}}</ref> == Bea phersoonagh == Va mooinjerys eddyr Maan as y DJ Ollanagh [[Tony Junior]] goaill toshiaght 'sy vlein 2017 tra haink ad ry-cheilley ec y feailley [[Mysteryland]], agh ayns Mee ny Nollick 2019, ren ee fogrey magh y scarrey oc er Instagram.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pesulima |first=Gina |date=25 Mee ny Nollick 2019 |title=Verdrietig nieuws! Maan en Tony Junior zijn uit elkaar |url=https://www.flair.nl/juice/verdrietig-nieuws-maan-en-tony-junior-zijn-uit-elkaar~b0ead983/ |website=Flair}}</ref> Ayns Luanistyn 2022, ren Karel Gerlach ass y phop-phossan [[Goldband]] fogrey magh ec [[Lowlands (feailley)|Lowlands]] dy row eh sooree er Maan.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Duit |first=Merel |date=4 Mee Houney 2022 |title=Maan smoorverliefd op Karel van Goldband |url=https://www.flair.nl/juice/maan-karel-goldband-verliefd~b13881aae/ |website=Flair}}</ref> ==Rolley filmyn== {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Blein !! Enmys!! Paart!! Noteyn |- | 2015–16 || ''[[The Voice of Holland]]'' ||Ee hene||Cosneyder |- | 2016 || ''Kerst met de Zandtovenaar'' ||[[Moirrey, moir Yeesey|MMoirrey]]|| |- | rowspan=2|2017 || ''[[De beste zangers van Nederland]]'' ||Ee hene ||Commagh |- | ''[[Dance Dance Dance (straih hellveeish Ghoaldagh)#Lhiegganyn elley|Dance Dance Dance]]'' ||Ee hene||Commagh |- |} ==Jysk-oaylleeaght== ===Albymyn seyrlann=== {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" |- ! scope="col" style="width:10em;"| Enmys ! scope="col" style="width:18em;"| Sonreeaghtyn ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[Dutch Album Top 100|NLD]]<br /><ref name="NLD Hung Medien">{{cite web|url=https://www.dutchcharts.nl/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Maan |title=Discografie Maan |publisher=Dutchcharts.nl. Hung Medien |accessdate=24 Jerrey Geuree 2015}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| ''Onverstaanbaar'' | * Skeaylt: 31 Jerrey Geuree 2020 * Cummey: [[Compact disc|CD]], [[Jeelaad bun-earrooagh (kiaull)|Jeelaad bun-earrooagh]] |1 |- ! scope="row"| ''Leven'' | * Skeaylt: 14 Jerrey Fouyir 2022 * Cummey: CD, [[Recortys LP|LP]], Jeelaad bun-earrooagh |11 |- ! scope="row"| ''Eclips'' | * Skeaylt: 6 Mean Fouyir 2024<ref>{{Cite web|last=Pisart|first=Timo|date=6 September 2024|title=A La Carte met Maan: Time to party!|url=https://3voor12.vpro.nl/artikelen/overzicht/2024/A-La-Carte/Maan-a-la-carte.html|access-date=21 Mean Fouyir 2024|website=3voor12|language=Ollanish}}</ref> * Cummey: Jeelaad bun-earrooagh |— |} ===Cloiaghyn sheeynt=== {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" |- ! scope="col" style="width:10.5em;"| Enmys ! scope="col" style="width:15.5em;"| Sonreeaghtyn ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[Dutch Album Top 100|NLD]]<br /><ref name="NLD Hung Medien" /> |- ! scope="row"| ''AM'' | * Skeaylt: 17 Mee Houney 2017 * Cummey: Jeelaad bun-earrooagh |— |- ! scope="row"| ''PM'' | * Skeaylt: 24 Mee Houney 2017 * Cummey: Jeelaad bun-earrooagh |— |- ! scope="row"| ''Waar ga je heen'' | * Skeaylt: 26 Jerrey Fouyir 2018 * Cummey: Jeelaad bun-earrooagh |15 |- |} ===Singylyn=== {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" |+ Rolley singylyn as ynnydyn reiht mastey yn Top 100 ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:25em;"| Enmys ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:1em;"| Blein ! scope="col" colspan="3"| Ynnydyn kaart s'yrjey ! scope="col" rowspan="2"| Albym |- ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:85%;"| [[Dutch Top 40|NL 40]]<br><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.top40.nl/top40-artiesten/maan|title=Maan {{!}} Top 40-artiesten|publisher=[[Dutch Top 40]]|accessdate=20 Toshiaght Arree 2018}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:85%;"| [[Dutch Single Top 100|NL 100]]<br><ref>{{cite web|url=https://dutchcharts.nl/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Maan|title=Discografie Maan – dutchcharts.nl|publisher=Hung Medien|accessdate=20 Toshiaght Arree 2018}}</ref> ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:85%;"| [[Ultratop|BEL (FL)]]<br /><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ultratop.be/nl/song/2360e2/Maan-&-Goldband-Stiekem|title=Maan & Goldband – Stiekem|publisher=[[Ultratop]]|language=Ollanish|access-date=8 Jerrey Geuree 2023}}</ref> |- ! scope="row"| "Warrior" | rowspan="2"| 2015 | — | — | — | rowspan="5" {{Non-album singles}} |- ! scope="row"| "Halo" | — | — | — |- ! scope="row"| "Let It Go" | rowspan="7"| 2016 | — | — | — |- ! scope="row"| "I Don't Believe You" | — | — | — |- ! scope="row"| "New York, New York & Empire State of Mind" | — | — | — |- ! scope="row"| "Perfect World" | 31 | 25 | — | rowspan="6"| ''AM/PM'' |- ! scope="row"| "Ride It" | 28 | 58 | — |- ! scope="row"| "DJ" <small>(marish Jack $hirak)</small> | 59 | — | — |- ! scope="row"| "Give You All I Got" | 54 | — | — |- ! scope="row"| "Someone That I Never Knew" | rowspan="13"| 2017 | — | — | — |- ! scope="row"| "Jij bent de liefde" | 45 | 83 | — |- ! scope="row"| "Nessun Dorma" | — | — | — | rowspan="5" {{Non-album singles}} |- ! scope="row"| "Vraag jezelf eens af" | — | — | — |- ! scope="row"| "They Don't Play Our Love Song Any More" | — | — | — |- ! scope="row"| "I Won't Give Up" | — | — | — |- ! scope="row"| "Wereld zonder jou" <small>(marish Brace)</small> | — | — | — |- ! scope="row"| "In Amsterdam" <small>(marish Sevn Alias)</small> | 52 | 3 | —{{efn|Cha row "In Amsterdam" currit stiagh ayns Tipparade of Flanders, agh v'eh currit stiagh ayns Bubbling Under}} | ''Picasso'' <small>(Sevn Alias)</small> |- ! scope="row"| "Almost Had It All" | 50 | — | — | rowspan="3"| ''AM/PM'' |- ! scope="row"| "Pockets Full of Change" | 57 | — | — |- ! scope="row"| "Me" | — | — | — |- ! scope="row"| "Another Lonely Christmas" | — | — | — | rowspan="2" {{Non-album singles}} |- ! scope="row"| "Blijf bij mij" <small>(marish [[Ronnie Flex]])</small> | 2 | 1 | 59 |- ! scope="row"| "Spijt" <small>(marish Jonna Fraser)</small> | rowspan="4"| 2018 | 32 | 25 | 96 | rowspan="3" | ''Waar Ga Je Heen'' |- ! scope="row"| "Lief zoals je bent" | 16 | 12 | —{{efn|Cha row "Lief Zoals Je Bent" currit stiagh ayns Tipparade of Flanders, agh v'eh currit stiagh ayns Bubbling Under}} |- ! scope="row"| "Waar ga je heen" | — | 100 | —{{efn|Cha row "Waar Ga Je Heen" currit stiagh ayns Tipparade of Flanders, agh v'eh currit stiagh ayns Bubbling Under}} |- ! scope="row"| "Hij is van mij" <small>(marish [[Kris Kross Amsterdam]], [[Bizzey]] & Tabitha)</small> | 1 | 1 | 72 | rowspan="2" {{Non-album singles}} |- ! scope="row"| "Ik kom eraan" | rowspan="4"| 2019 | 59 | — | — |- ! scope="row"| "Zo kan het dus ook" | 12 | 7 | 54 | rowspan="5" | ''Onverstaanbaar'' |- ! scope="row"| "Jij en ik tegen de wereld" | 55 | 68 | — |- ! scope="row"| "Ze huilt maar ze lacht" | 3 | 8 | —{{efn|Cha row "Ze Huilt Maar Ze Lacht" currit stiagh ayns Tipparade of Flanders, agh v'eh currit stiagh ayns Bubbling Under}} |- |- ! scope="row"| "Onverstaanbaar" | rowspan="5"| 2020 | — | 28 | — |- ! scope="row"| "Als ik ga" <small>(marish [[Sevn Alias]])</small> | — | 37 | — |- ! scope="row"| "Rode wijn" <small>(marish [[Kraantje Pappie]])</small> | 23 | 28 | —{{efn|Cha row "Rode Wijn" currit stiagh ayns Tipparade of Flanders, agh v'eh currit stiagh ayns Bubbling Under}} | {{Non-album single}} |- ! scope="row"| "Nog even niet" | 53 | — | — | ''Onverstaanbaar'' |- ! scope="row"| "Zo kan het dus ook Part 2" | — | 98 | 75 | rowspan=2 {{Non-album singles}} |- ! scope="row"| "Als ik je weer zie" <small>(marish Thomas Acda, Paul de Munnik & Typhoon)</small> | rowspan="4" |2021 | 6 | 5 | 59 |- ! scope="row"| "Blijven slapen" <small>(marish [[Snelle]])</small> | 1 | 2 | 10 | ''Leven'' |- ! scope="row"| "Niks is heilig" |15 |40 |— | {{Non-album single}} |- ! scope="row"| "Leven" | 15 | 45 | — |rowspan="4" | Leven |- ! scope="row"| "Naar de maan"<br />{{small|(with DJVT)}} | rowspan="3"| 2022 | 9 | 19 | — |- ! scope="row"| "Sowieso overhoop" | 39 | 55 | — |- ! scope="row"| "[[Stiekem]]" {{small|(marish [[Goldband]])}} | 2 | 1 | 2 |- ! scope="row"| "Paranoia" | rowspan="4"| 2024 | — | — | — | rowspan="4"| ''Eclips'' |- ! scope="row"| "Rondje van de zaak" | — | — | — |- ! scope="row"| "Lilly" | — | — | — |- ! scope="row"| "Vermomd entree" | — | — | — |- | colspan="6" style="font-size:90%"| Ta "&mdash;" soilshaghey skeayllaghyn nagh daink stiagh er ny kaartyn ny nagh row skeaylt magh 'sy thalloo shen. |} ==Noteyn== {{notelist}} ==Imraaghyn== {{reflist}} ==Kianglaghyn magh== *{{Commons-inline}} *{{Facebook|maandest}} *{{Instagram|maan.de.st}} {{s-start}} {{s-ach}} {{succession box | before=[[O'G3NE]] | title=Cosneyder ''[[The Voice of Holland]]'' | years=2015–2016 | after=[[Pleun Bierbooms]] }} {{s-end}} {{The Voice of Holland}} {{Authority control}} [[Ronney:Ruggyryn 'sy vlein 1997]] [[Ronney:Feallee vio]] [[Ronney:Arraneyderyn pop-chiaull bwoirrin Ollanagh]] [[Ronney:Feallee ass Bergen, yn Ollan Hwoaie]] [[Ronney:Cosnyederyn The Voice of Holland]] [[Ronney:Arraneyderyn bwoirrin Ollanagh y 21d eash]] [[Ronney:Arraneyderyn Ollanagh 'sy Vaarle]] 7hlchsxmfc59ciarx0oia7u4y2gw2qf Ronney:Arraneyderyn pop-chiaull bwoirrin Ollanagh 14 51844 384140 2026-07-04T16:29:58Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384140 wikitext text/x-wiki {{CategoryTOC}} [[Ronney:Arraneyderyn bwoirrin Ollanagh| Pop]] [[Ronney:Arraneyderyn pop-chiaull Ollanagh|+]] [[Ronney:Arraneyderyn pop-chiaull bwoirrin rere ashoonaght|Ollanagh]] 7fcwkndsmvfacnjc1x74l2td1sw9afu 384142 384140 2026-07-04T16:33:11Z MacTire02 219 catsort 384142 wikitext text/x-wiki {{CategoryTOC}} [[Ronney:Arraneyderyn bwoirrin Ollanagh|Pop]] [[Ronney:Arraneyderyn pop-chiaull Ollanagh|+]] [[Ronney:Arraneyderyn pop-chiaull bwoirrin rere ashoonaght|Ollanagh]] e4ku4etymqze3stcbasbdibt71cq560 Ronney:Arraneyderyn bwoirrin Ollanagh 14 51845 384141 2026-07-04T16:32:29Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384141 wikitext text/x-wiki {{commonscategory|Female vocalists from the Netherlands|Arraneyderyn bwoirrin ass y Çheer Injil}} {{CategoryTOC}} [[Ronney:Arraneyderyn Ollanagh|+]] [[Ronney:Kiaulleyderyn bwoirrin Ollanagh]] [[Ronney:Arraneyderyn bwoirrin rere ashoonaght|Ollanagh]] bcdt4bc0s5gu92eqdpbhx0f83r4g4ms Ronney:Arraneyderyn Ollanagh 14 51846 384144 2026-07-04T16:34:33Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384144 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Commonscategory|Vocalists from the Netherlands|Arraneyderyn ass y Çheer Injil}} [[Ronney:Arraneyderyn Oarpagh|Ollanagh]] [[Ronney:Kiaulleyderyn Ollanagh rere greie]] [[Ronney:Arraneyderyn rere ashoonaght|Ollanagh]] 9vd987cmfri024fp2wd46m3f5h45ix5 Ronney:Kiaulleyderyn Ollanagh rere greie 14 51847 384145 2026-07-04T16:39:03Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384145 wikitext text/x-wiki {{moir-ronney}} [[Ronney:Kiaulleyderyn Ollanagh| Greie]] [[ROnney:Kiaulleyderyn rere ashoonaght as greie|Ollanagh]] t0iboh3i5qjudrf0jko6771jv8sv32f Ronney:Arraneyderyn Oarpagh 14 51848 384146 2026-07-04T16:45:32Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384146 wikitext text/x-wiki {{cat more|Kiaull yn Oarpey}} [[Ronney:Kiaulleyderyn Oarpagh| Arraneyderyn]] [[Ronney:Arraneyderyn rere mooar-rheynn|Oarpagh]] dspvesf7yuok1gczi7okzh8jhk1z89e Ronney:Arraneyderyn rere mooar-rheynn 14 51849 384148 2026-07-04T16:48:50Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384148 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Ronney:Arraneyderyn| Mooar-rheynn]] [[Ronney:Kiaulleyderyn rere mooar-rheynn|.Arraneyderyn]] b5kcrc2y85igb36u146pltxlphgj9xr Ronney:Kiaulleyderyn rere mooar-rheynn 14 51850 384149 2026-07-04T16:50:21Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384149 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Moir-ronney}} [[Ronney:Kiaulleyderyn rere boayl|Mooar-rheynn]] [[Ronney:Kiaull rere mooar-rheynn|+Kiaulleyderyn]] [[Ronney:Feallee ayns keirdyn ellyn rere mooar-rheynn]] e7c82a55uidbhavxnmcwxx8orjb2xnb Ronney:Kiaulleyderyn rere boayl 14 51851 384150 2026-07-04T16:55:30Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384150 wikitext text/x-wiki {{moir-ronney}} [[Ronney:Kiaulleyderyn| Boayl]] [[Ronney:Kiaull rere boayl| Kiaulleyderyn]] [[Ronney:Feallee rere keird as boayl]] 2gp6d5f6xbhyeht1he09c0720smdl3q Ronney:Kiaull rere mooar-rheynn 14 51852 384151 2026-07-04T16:57:18Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384151 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Commons category|Music by continent|Kiaull rere mooar-rheynn}} {{moir-ronney}} [[Ronney:Kiaull rere boayl|Mooar-rheynn]] [[Ronney:Eunysseyrys rere mooar-rheynn| Kiaull]] [[Ronney:Shaanraghyn ellyn rere mooar-rheynn]] [[Ronney:Ny h-ellynyn cloie rere mooar-rheynn| Kiaull]] ph2jqvptrqlv07d4dy67t2xopjbl287 Ronney:Shaanraghyn ellyn rere mooar-rheynn 14 51853 384152 2026-07-04T16:58:32Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384152 wikitext text/x-wiki {{moir-ronney}} [[Ronney:Ny h-ellynyn rere mooar-rheynn| Shaanraghyn]] [[Ronney:Shaanraghyn|Ellyn]] 09d7wj9d5vawmda28kww7xeffgb21c5 Ronney:Arraneyderyn pop-chiaull Ollanagh 14 51854 384153 2026-07-04T17:00:21Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384153 wikitext text/x-wiki {{CatAutoTOC}} [[Ronney:Arraneyderyn Ollanagh rere shaanrey|Pop]] [[Ronney:Arraneyderyn pop-chiaull rere ashoonaght|Ollanagh]] [[Ronney:Pop-chiaulleyderyn Ollanagh]] f0ycf6igmrcd8ygwapkhz4vp0em9ltx Ronney:Arraneyderyn Ollanagh rere shaanrey 14 51855 384156 2026-07-04T18:33:19Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384156 wikitext text/x-wiki {{commonscategory|Vocalists from the Netherlands by genre|Arraneyderyn ass y Çheer Injil rere shaanrey}} {{moir-ronney}} [[Ronney:Kiaulleyderyn Ollanagh rere shaanrey| Arraneyderyn]] [[Ronney:Arraneyderyn Ollanagh| Shaanrey]] [[Ronney:Arraneyderyn rere ashoonaght as shaanrey|Ollanagh]] qlx7n48070jmozsgqjlm5pfbeg83tlk Ronney:Kiaulleyderyn Ollanagh rere shaanrey 14 51856 384157 2026-07-04T18:35:32Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384157 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Commonscategory|Musicians from the Netherlands by genre|Kiaulleyderyn ass y Çheer Injil rere shaanrey}} {{moir-ronney}} [[Ronney:Kiaulleyderyn Ollanagh| Shaanrey]] [[Ronney:Kiaulleyderyn rere ashoonaght as shaanrey|Ollanagh]] reoz7mginf6lc5v8xu0zd7413x6vzeg Ronney:Pop-chiaulleyderyn Rooshagh 14 51857 384158 2026-07-04T18:36:36Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384158 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Commons category|Pop musicians from Russia|Pop-chiaulleyderyn ass y Roosh}} {{CategoryTOC}} [[Ronney:Kiaulleyderyn Rooshagh rere shaanrey]] [[Ronney:Pop-chiaulleyderyn rere ashoonaght|Rooshagh]] q5s85ex0qtqmua7je6flyo3sfmsysz9 Ronney:Pop-chiaulleyderyn Ollanagh 14 51858 384159 2026-07-04T18:37:27Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384159 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Commons category|Pop musicians from the Netherlands|Pop-chiaulleyderyn ass y Çheer Injil}} {{CategoryTOC}} [[Ronney:Kiaulleyderyn Ollanagh rere shaanrey]] [[Ronney:Pop-chiaulleyderyn rere ashoonaght|Ollanagh]] rlesvyxbygif7ntnkbwg2cirt65vmpd Ronney:Feallee ass Bergen, yn Ollan Hwoaie 14 51859 384161 2026-07-04T18:40:18Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384161 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Commons category|People from Bergen, North Holland|Feallee ass Bergen, yn Ollan Hwoaie}} {{category explanation|feallee ass [[Bergen, yn Ollan Hwoaie|Bergen]], [[yn Ollan Hwoaie]].}} [[Ronney:Bergen, yn Ollan Hwoaie]] [[Ronney:Feallee ass yn Ollan Hwoaie rere boayl cummaltit|Bergen]] 6zcpjz2cdvxrfxbn9mrn4gbg58g0ws5 Ronney:Feallee ass yn Ollan Hwoaie rere boayl cummaltit 14 51860 384162 2026-07-04T18:44:25Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384162 wikitext text/x-wiki {{moir-ronney}} [[Ronney:Ollanee rere queiggey as boayl cummaltit|Ollan Hwoaie]] [[Ronney:Feallee ass yn Ollan Hwoaie| Boayl cummaltit]] dsw4ap1vg29oibeqy5wq4chjab6tzly Ronney:Feallee ass yn Ollan Hwoaie 14 51861 384163 2026-07-04T18:45:47Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384163 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Commons category|People of North Holland|Feallee ass yn Ollan Hwoaie}} {{Cat main|Yn Ollan Hwoaie}} [[Ronney:Ollanee rere queiggey|Ollan Hwoaie]] [[Ronney:Yn Ollan Hwoaie]] [[Ronney:Shennaghys yn Ollan Hwoaie]] l634t0o1qcij2hfqpvtuwadm9zd93j7 Ronney:Shennaghys yn Ollan Hwoaie 14 51862 384164 2026-07-04T18:47:05Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384164 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Commons category|History of North Holland|Shennaghys yn Ollan Hwoaie}} {{Cat main|Yn Ollan Hwoaie#Shennaghys}} [[Ronney:Shennaghys y Çheer Injil rere queiggey|Ollan Hwoaie]] [[Ronney:Yn Ollan Hwoaie]] gz6w6unp365p6tbdhh3mpmgom7j40ax Ronney:Bergen, yn Ollan Hwoaie 14 51863 384165 2026-07-04T18:48:27Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384165 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Commons category|Bergen, North Holland|Bergen, yn Ollan Hwoaie}} {{Cat main|Bergen, yn Ollan Hwoaie}} [[Ronney:Baljaghtyn 'syn Ollan Hwoaie]] o3jtll158meiqbo731yp29gk4h14hrn Ronney:Arraneyderyn bwoirrin Ollanagh y 21d eash 14 51864 384166 2026-07-04T18:50:48Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384166 wikitext text/x-wiki {{kione ronney arraneyderyn bwoirrin rere ashoonaght as eash}} dvs80lu1inscakf5mw90om2q781zgpx 384169 384166 2026-07-04T23:35:41Z MacTire02 219 prowal 384169 wikitext text/x-wiki {{RonneyKeirdRereX}} fsao9h3jerjbrw87uy2wfstknq89qv0 Clowan:Kione ronney arraneyderyn bwoirrin rere ashoonaght as eash 10 51865 384167 2026-07-04T18:51:51Z MacTire02 219 clowan noa. foast ty-hyndaa 384167 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly><!-- -->{{#if:{{in string|source={{PAGENAME}}|target=women|plain=true|nomatch=}}|<!-- yes match --><!-- -->{{#ifexist:Category:{{Century name from decade or year|{{{Title_century|{{Title century}}}}}00|dash}} {{{Title_demonym|{{Title demonym}}}}} women musicians|<!-- -->{{Diffusing occupation by nationality and century category header/core|<!-- -->nondiffdenom_adj=women|<!-- --><!--nondiffdenom_noun=women musicians|--><!-- -->Title_century ={{{Title_century|{{Title century}}}}}|<!-- -->OverideOccupation=women singers|<!-- -->Overide_Occupation=women singers|<!-- -->Title_demonym={{{Title_demonym|{{Title demonym}}}}}|<!-- -->ParentOccupation={{{ParentOccupation}}}|<!-- -->SiblingOccupation=male singers|<!-- -->Diffusing occupation=singers|<!-- -->JobPortal=Music|<!-- -->nondiff=false<!-- -->}}<!-- -->{{Automatic category TOC|numerals=no}}<!-- -->[[Category:{{Resolve category redirect|{{Century name from decade or year|{{{Title_century|{{Title century}}}}}00|dash}} {{{Title_demonym|{{Title demonym}}}}} women musicians}}|singers]]<!-- -->|<!-- -->{{Diffusing occupation by nationality and century category header|<!-- -->Title demonym={{{Title_demonym|{{Title demonym}}}}}|<!-- -->Title_demonym={{{Title_demonym|{{Title demonym}}}}}|<!-- -->Diffusing occupation=singers|JobPortal=Music|<!-- -->SiblingOccupation=male singers|<!-- -->nondiff=false<!-- -->}}<!-- -->}}|<!-- Not women category --><!-- -->{{#ifexist:Category:{{Century name from decade or year|{{{Title_century|{{Title century}}}}}00|dash}} {{{Title_demonym|{{Title demonym}}}}} male musicians|<!-- -->{{Diffusing occupation by nationality and century category header/core|<!-- -->nondiffdenom_adj=male|<!-- --><!--nondiffdenom_noun=male musicians|--><!-- -->Title_century ={{{Title_century|{{Title century}}}}}|<!-- -->OverideOccupation=male singers|<!-- -->Overide_Occupation=male singers|<!-- -->Title_demonym={{{Title_demonym|{{Title demonym}}}}}|<!-- -->ParentOccupation={{{ParentOccupation}}}|<!-- -->SiblingOccupation=women singers|<!-- -->Diffusing occupation=singers|<!-- -->JobPortal=Music|<!-- -->nondiff=false<!-- -->}}<!-- -->{{Automatic category TOC|numerals=no}}<!-- -->[[Category:{{Resolve category redirect|{{Century name from decade or year|{{{Title_century|{{Title century}}}}}00|dash}} {{{Title_demonym|{{Title demonym}}}}} male musicians}}|singers]]<!-- -->|<!-- -->{{Diffusing occupation by nationality and century category header|<!-- -->Title demonym={{{Title_demonym|{{Title demonym}}}}}|<!-- -->Title_demonym={{{Title_demonym|{{Title demonym}}}}}|<!-- -->SiblingOccupation=women singers|<!-- -->Diffusing occupation=singers|JobPortal=Music|<!-- -->nondiff=false<!-- -->}}<!-- -->}}}}</includeonly><noinclude> {{documentation}} </noinclude> ixqeuqsqeedli5pdpy312o6urim2eru Module:RonneyKeirdRereX 828 51866 384170 2026-07-04T23:36:23Z MacTire02 219 moddyl noa 384170 Scribunto text/plain local p = {} -- Occupation hierarchy: maps a specific occupation noun to its broader -- parent occupation noun. Add a line here for each new occupation category -- that has a wider parent category (leave occupations with no parent out). local occupationParents = { ["Arraneyderyn"] = "Kiaulleyderyn", -- singers -> musicians } -- Recognised gender words. Add variants here if more mutation forms turn up. local genderWords = { ["bwoirrin"] = true, ["woirrin"] = true, ["firryn"] = true, ["irryn"] = true, } local function splitWords(str) local words = {} for w in mw.text.gsplit(str, "%s+") do table.insert(words, w) end return words end -- Strip a trailing ordinal suffix (d, h, or oo) from a token like "21d" -> "21" local function plainNumber(token) return token:match("^(%d+)") end function p.categories() local pagename = mw.title.getCurrentTitle().text local catNS = mw.site.namespaces[14].name -- "Ronney" on gv.wikipedia.org local words = splitWords(pagename) -- Need at least: OCCUPATION GENDER NATIONALITY y ORDINAL eash if #words < 6 then return '' end local occupation = words[1] local gender = words[2] local eashIndex = #words local ordIndex = #words - 1 local yIndex = #words - 2 if words[eashIndex] ~= "eash" or words[yIndex] ~= "y" then return '' end if not genderWords[gender] then return '' end local nationality = table.concat(words, " ", 3, yIndex - 1) local ordinalToken = words[ordIndex] local number = plainNumber(ordinalToken) if not number then return '' end local out = {} -- 1. Gender-neutral parent, sorted first with "+" local genderNeutral = occupation .. " " .. nationality .. " y " .. ordinalToken .. " eash" table.insert(out, "[[" .. catNS .. ":" .. genderNeutral .. "|+]]") -- 2. "by nationality" category, sorted by nationality name local byNationality = occupation .. " y " .. ordinalToken .. " eash rere ashoonaght" table.insert(out, "[[" .. catNS .. ":" .. byNationality .. "|" .. nationality .. "]]") -- 3. "by century" category, sorted by plain number local byCentury = occupation .. " " .. gender .. " " .. nationality .. " rere eash" table.insert(out, "[[" .. catNS .. ":" .. byCentury .. "|" .. number .. "]]") -- 4. Broader occupation category, if one is known local parentOccupation = occupationParents[occupation] if parentOccupation then local parentCat = parentOccupation .. " " .. gender .. " " .. nationality .. " y " .. ordinalToken .. " eash" table.insert(out, "[[" .. catNS .. ":" .. parentCat .. "]]") end return table.concat(out, "") end return p 40vlakx0fc4ycpmlku17h5rdar3jtew 384184 384170 2026-07-05T00:12:24Z MacTire02 219 ++ 384184 Scribunto text/plain local p = {} -- Occupation hierarchy: maps a specific occupation noun to its broader -- parent occupation noun. Add a line here for each new occupation category -- that has a wider parent category (leave occupations with no parent out). local occupationParents = { ["Arraneyderyn"] = "Kiaulleyderyn", -- singers -> musicians } -- Recognised gender words. Add variants here if more mutation forms turn up. local genderWords = { ["bwoirrin"] = true, ["woirrin"] = true, ["firryn"] = true, ["irryn"] = true, } local function splitWords(str) local words = {} for w in mw.text.gsplit(str, "%s+") do table.insert(words, w) end return words end -- Strip a trailing ordinal suffix (d, h, or oo) from a token like "21d" -> "21" local function plainNumber(token) return token:match("^(%d+)") end function p.categories() local pagename = mw.title.getCurrentTitle().text local catNS = mw.site.namespaces[14].name -- "Ronney" on gv.wikipedia.org local words = splitWords(pagename) -- Minimum shape (gender-neutral): OCCUPATION NATIONALITY y ORDINAL eash if #words < 5 then return '' end local eashIndex = #words local ordIndex = #words - 1 local yIndex = #words - 2 if words[eashIndex] ~= "eash" or words[yIndex] ~= "y" then return '' end local occupation = words[1] local ordinalToken = words[ordIndex] local number = plainNumber(ordinalToken) if not number then return '' end -- Decide whether this is a gendered page (word 2 is a recognised gender -- word) or the gender-neutral parent page (word 2 is already part of -- the nationality). local gender = nil local nationalityStart = 2 if genderWords[words[2]] then gender = words[2] nationalityStart = 3 end if nationalityStart > yIndex - 1 then return '' -- no room left for a nationality; pattern doesn't fit end local nationality = table.concat(words, " ", nationalityStart, yIndex - 1) local out = {} if gender then -- === Gendered category page (e.g. "Arraneyderyn bwoirrin Ollanagh y 21d eash") === -- 1. Gender-neutral parent, sorted first with "+" local genderNeutral = occupation .. " " .. nationality .. " y " .. ordinalToken .. " eash" table.insert(out, "[[" .. catNS .. ":" .. genderNeutral .. "|+]]") -- 2. "by nationality" category, sorted by nationality name local byNationality = occupation .. " y " .. ordinalToken .. " eash rere ashoonaght" table.insert(out, "[[" .. catNS .. ":" .. byNationality .. "|" .. nationality .. "]]") -- 3. "by century" category, sorted by plain number local byCentury = occupation .. " " .. gender .. " " .. nationality .. " rere eash" table.insert(out, "[[" .. catNS .. ":" .. byCentury .. "|" .. number .. "]]") -- 4. Broader occupation category, if one is known local parentOccupation = occupationParents[occupation] if parentOccupation then local parentCat = parentOccupation .. " " .. gender .. " " .. nationality .. " y " .. ordinalToken .. " eash" table.insert(out, "[[" .. catNS .. ":" .. parentCat .. "]]") end else -- === Gender-neutral parent page (e.g. "Arraneyderyn Ollanagh y 21d eash") === -- 1. "by nationality" category, sorted by nationality name local byNationality = occupation .. " y " .. ordinalToken .. " eash rere ashoonaght" table.insert(out, "[[" .. catNS .. ":" .. byNationality .. "|" .. nationality .. "]]") -- 2. Broader occupation category, if one is known (no sort key) local parentOccupation = occupationParents[occupation] if parentOccupation then local parentCat = parentOccupation .. " " .. nationality .. " y " .. ordinalToken .. " eash" table.insert(out, "[[" .. catNS .. ":" .. parentCat .. "]]") end -- 3. "by century" category, sorted by plain number local byCentury = occupation .. " " .. nationality .. " rere eash" table.insert(out, "[[" .. catNS .. ":" .. byCentury .. "|" .. number .. "]]") end return table.concat(out, "") end return p 2x6yfe229hx3xf05j0qp979s0wm27gf 384210 384184 2026-07-05T01:16:02Z MacTire02 219 ++ 384210 Scribunto text/plain local p = {} -- Occupation hierarchy: maps a specific occupation noun to its broader -- parent occupation noun. Add a line here for each new occupation category -- that has a wider parent category (leave occupations with no parent out). local occupationParents = { ["Arraneyderyn"] = "Kiaulleyderyn", -- singers -> musicians } -- Recognised gender words. Add variants here if more mutation forms turn up. local genderWords = { ["bwoirrin"] = true, ["woirrin"] = true, ["firryn"] = true, ["irryn"] = true, } local function splitWords(str) local words = {} for w in mw.text.gsplit(str, "%s+") do table.insert(words, w) end return words end -- Strip a trailing ordinal suffix (d, h, or oo) from a token like "21d" -> "21" local function plainNumber(token) return token:match("^(%d+)") end function p.categories() local pagename = mw.title.getCurrentTitle().text local catNS = mw.site.namespaces[14].name -- "Ronney" on gv.wikipedia.org local words = splitWords(pagename) -- Minimum shape (gender-neutral): OCCUPATION NATIONALITY y ORDINAL eash if #words < 5 then return '' end local eashIndex = #words local ordIndex = #words - 1 local yIndex = #words - 2 if words[eashIndex] ~= "eash" or words[yIndex] ~= "y" then return '' end local occupation = words[1] local ordinalToken = words[ordIndex] local number = plainNumber(ordinalToken) if not number then return '' end -- Decide whether this is a gendered page (word 2 is a recognised gender -- word) or the gender-neutral parent page (word 2 is already part of -- the nationality). local gender = nil local nationalityStart = 2 if genderWords[words[2]] then gender = words[2] nationalityStart = 3 end if nationalityStart > yIndex - 1 then return '' -- no room left for a nationality; pattern doesn't fit end local nationality = table.concat(words, " ", nationalityStart, yIndex - 1) local out = {} if gender then -- === Gendered category page (e.g. "Arraneyderyn bwoirrin Ollanagh y 21d eash") === -- 1. Gender-neutral parent, sorted first with "+" local genderNeutral = occupation .. " " .. nationality .. " y " .. ordinalToken .. " eash" table.insert(out, "[[" .. catNS .. ":" .. genderNeutral .. "|+]]") -- 2. "by nationality" category, sorted by nationality name local byNationality = occupation .. " " .. gender .. " y " .. ordinalToken .. " eash rere ashoonaght" table.insert(out, "[[" .. catNS .. ":" .. byNationality .. "|" .. nationality .. "]]") -- 3. "by century" category, sorted by plain number local byCentury = occupation .. " " .. gender .. " " .. nationality .. " rere eash" table.insert(out, "[[" .. catNS .. ":" .. byCentury .. "|" .. number .. "]]") -- 4. Broader occupation category, if one is known local parentOccupation = occupationParents[occupation] if parentOccupation then local parentCat = parentOccupation .. " " .. gender .. " " .. nationality .. " y " .. ordinalToken .. " eash" table.insert(out, "[[" .. catNS .. ":" .. parentCat .. "]]") end else -- === Gender-neutral parent page (e.g. "Arraneyderyn Ollanagh y 21d eash") === -- 1. "by nationality" category, sorted by nationality name local byNationality = occupation .. " y " .. ordinalToken .. " eash rere ashoonaght" table.insert(out, "[[" .. catNS .. ":" .. byNationality .. "|" .. nationality .. "]]") -- 2. Broader occupation category, if one is known (no sort key) local parentOccupation = occupationParents[occupation] if parentOccupation then local parentCat = parentOccupation .. " " .. nationality .. " y " .. ordinalToken .. " eash" table.insert(out, "[[" .. catNS .. ":" .. parentCat .. "]]") end -- 3. "by century" category, sorted by plain number local byCentury = occupation .. " " .. nationality .. " rere eash" table.insert(out, "[[" .. catNS .. ":" .. byCentury .. "|" .. number .. "]]") end return table.concat(out, "") end return p 43e5apjecbg5q8s9mwzexyncvcw4un9 Clowan:RonneyKeirdRereX 10 51867 384171 2026-07-04T23:36:55Z MacTire02 219 prowal 384171 wikitext text/x-wiki {{category series navigation}}<includeonly>{{#invoke:RonneyKeirdRereX|categories}}</includeonly><noinclude> == Ymmyd == Cur y clowan shoh ec baare ronnaghyn lheid as <code><nowiki>Ronney:Arraneyderyn bwoirrin Ollanagh y 21d eash</nowiki></code>, as yiow oo: * {{category series navigation}} (yn coayl-earrooagh eash) * Kiare ronnaghyn elley: yn ronney gyn deiney/mraane, yn ronney "rere ashoonaght", yn ronney "rere eash", as (my ta fys ec y chlowan) yn moir-ronney share (mar shen, arraneyderyn -> kiaulleyderyn). [[Ronney:Clowanyn]]</noinclude> jbm45ypui0vn7u31cw3zddl40dfjy5l Ronney:Arraneyderyn Ollanagh 'sy Vaarle 14 51868 384172 2026-07-04T23:42:47Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384172 wikitext text/x-wiki {{CatAutoTOC}} [[Ronney:Arraneyderyn 'sy Vaarle|Ollanagh]] [[Ronney:Arraneyderyn Ollanagh rere çhengey|Vaarle]] mil1rot8wcvm0x5wm4bohm0k91pmkd6 Ronney:Arraneyderyn Ollanagh rere çhengey 14 51869 384173 2026-07-04T23:44:02Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384173 wikitext text/x-wiki {{moir-ronney}} [[Ronney:Arraneyderyn Ollanagh| Chengey]] [[Ronney:Arraneyderyn rere ashoonaght as çhengey|Ollanagh]] [[Ronney:Çhengaghyn y Çheer Injil|.Arraneyderyn]] r936e9ditro6r506myg4owdc8bv587t Ronney:Arraneyderyn rere ashoonaght as çhengey 14 51870 384174 2026-07-04T23:45:10Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384174 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Ronney:Arraneyderyn rere ashoonaght| Chengey]] [[Ronney:Arraneyderyn rere chengey| Ashoonaght]] [[Ronney:Feallee rere ashoonaght as chengey]] bpggk298uzvo2entjpl34sfcp6x9mao 384179 384174 2026-07-04T23:59:32Z MacTire02 219 ronney elley 384179 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Ronney:Arraneyderyn rere ashoonaght| Chengey]] [[Ronney:Arraneyderyn rere chengey| Ashoonaght]] [[Ronney:Feallee rere ashoonaght as çhengey]] fg1r3ijryzdd770zsg8v8jotqoioc5w Ronney:Arraneyderyn rere çhengey 14 51871 384175 2026-07-04T23:46:57Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384175 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Commons category|Singers by language|Arraneyderyn rere çhengey}} {{category see also|Arraneyderyn rere ashoionaght}} {{moir-ronney}} {{CatAutoTOC}} [[Ronney:Kiaulleyderyn rere çhengey| Arraneyderyn]] [[Ronney:Arraneyderyn| Chengey]] 8907uvq42eouvsyd6wf1a315tvg7drn Ronney:Kiaulleyderyn rere çhengey 14 51872 384176 2026-07-04T23:48:25Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384176 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Commons category|Musicians by language|Kiaulleyderyn rere çhengey}} {{moir-ronney}} [[Ronney:Kiaulleyderyn| Chengey]] [[Ronney:Feallee rere keird as çhengey]] [[Ronney:Feallee rere çhengey|.Kiaulleyderyn]] [[Ronney:Kiaull rere çhengey|+Kiaulleyderyn]] 8u75ilcs823ibvll0fhtoqachomhs8c Ronney:Feallee rere keird as çhengey 14 51873 384177 2026-07-04T23:50:14Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384177 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Commons category|People by language by occupation|Feallee rere keird as çhengey}} {{Category see also|Feallee rere çhengey as keird|Sheerloayreyderyn çhengey}} {{moir-ronney}} [[Ronney:Feallee rere keird| Chengey]] [[Ronney:Feallee rere çhengey| Keird]] 3pwyoez3l027fci78rgmt1qoajsu2on Ronney:Kiaull rere çhengey 14 51874 384178 2026-07-04T23:57:28Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384178 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Commons category|Music by language|Kiaull rere çhengey}} {{related category|Kiaull rere kynneeaght|Kiaull rere çheer|Kiaull rere ard|Kiaull rere boayl}} {{moir-ronney}} [[Ronney:Kiaull| Chengey]] [[Ronney:Cultoor rere çhengey| Chengey]] hbp2bmjw5u23imnyi70g1zv9zosqykm Ronney:Feallee rere ashoonaght as çhengey 14 51875 384180 2026-07-04T23:59:45Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384180 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Ronney:Feallee rere ashoonaght| Chengey]] [[Ronney:Feallee rere çhengey| Ashoonaght]] 7qb5ykyxet8vpipetzsk78kceelailg Ronney:Arraneyderyn 'sy Vaarle 14 51876 384181 2026-07-05T00:07:35Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384181 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Commons category|English-language singers|Arraneyderyn 'sy Vaarle}} {{moir-ronney}} {{cat main|Baarle|arraneys}} {{CatAutoTOC}} [[Ronney:Baarleyryn rere keird]] [[Ronney:Arraneyderyn rere çhengey|Vaarle]] [[Ronney:Kiaull 'sy Vaarle| Arraneyderyn]] foihig9e9nuztsh47g1d0eps4g01j0m Ronney:Baarleyryn rere keird 14 51877 384182 2026-07-05T00:08:54Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384182 wikitext text/x-wiki {{moir-ronney}} [[Ronney:Feallee rere çhengey as keird]] [[Ronney:Cultoor y Vaarle|Keirdyn]] 4s1qvuagftdnud0xwolm7248xccq7x6 Ronney:Feallee rere çhengey as keird 14 51878 384183 2026-07-05T00:10:00Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384183 wikitext text/x-wiki {{moir-ronney}} {{Category see also|Feallee rere keird as çhengey}} [[Ronney:Feallee rere çhengey| Keird]] [[Ronney:Feallee rere keird| Chengey]] anmool0h4rsa2rjuavekmis57idpouk Ronney:Arraneyderyn Ollanagh y 21d eash 14 51879 384185 2026-07-05T00:12:59Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384185 wikitext text/x-wiki {{RonneyKeirdRereX}} fsao9h3jerjbrw87uy2wfstknq89qv0 Ronney:Kiaulleyderyn bwoirrin Ollanagh y 21d eash 14 51880 384186 2026-07-05T00:17:34Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384186 wikitext text/x-wiki {{RonneyKeirdRereX}} [[Ronney:Mraane Ollanagh y 21d eash]] [[Ronney:Ellyneyryn bwoirrin Ollanagh y 21d eash]] jdelg8hp4uyobmtqx23rpk2uvpwhbsq 384187 384186 2026-07-05T00:18:47Z MacTire02 219 ronney elley 384187 wikitext text/x-wiki {{RonneyKeirdRereX}} [[Ronney:Mraane Ollanagh y 21d eash rere keird]] [[Ronney:Ellyneyryn bwoirrin Ollanagh y 21d eash]] 61puhmx34mwmekm38266jegwptggxxq Ronney:Mraane Ollanagh y 21d eash rere keird 14 51881 384188 2026-07-05T00:19:36Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384188 wikitext text/x-wiki {{moir-ronney}} {{Category series navigation}} {{Category see also|Fir Ollanagh y 21d eash rere keird}} [[Ronney:Mraane Ollanagh y 21d eash| Keird]] [[Ronney:Ollanee yn 21d eash rere keird|+]] [[Ronney:Mraane y 21d eash rere ashoonaght as keird|Ollanagh]] [[Ronney:Mraane Ollanagh rere keird as eash|21]] 7n86076ggpahndb4k0btc2rn3uc7ihn Ronney:Mraane Ollanagh y 21d eash 14 51882 384189 2026-07-05T00:20:39Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384189 wikitext text/x-wiki {{commonscat|21st-century women of the Netherlands|Mraane y 21d eash ass y Çheer Injil}} [[Ronney:Ollanee yn 21d eash|+]] [[Ronney:Mraane y 21d eash rere ashoonaght|Ollanagh]] [[Ronney:Mraane Ollanagh rere eash|21]] htl030qv5yiovfd9n7u2jbptkc4grh1 Ronney:Ollanee yn 21d eash 14 51883 384190 2026-07-05T00:22:06Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384190 wikitext text/x-wiki {{commonscat|21st-century people of the Netherlands|Feallee yn 21d eash ass y Çheer Injil}} [[Ronney:Yn Çheer Injil 'sy 21d eash]] [[Ronney:Oarpee yn 21d eash rere ashoonaght]] [[Ronney:Feallee yn 21d eash rere ashoonaght]] [[Ronney:Ollanee rere eash|21]] [[Ronney:Ollanee yn 3oo milley bleeaney|21]] nvw3u6tj0jsad7tht9kzlkxm93e2i0o Ronney:Yn Çheer Injil 'sy 21d eash 14 51884 384191 2026-07-05T00:23:18Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384191 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navseasoncats}} [[Ronney:Yn Çheer Injil rere eash|21]] [[Ronney:21d eash rere çheer|Cheer Injil]] [[Ronney:Yn Oarpey 'sy 21d eash|Cheer Injil]] [[Ronney:Yn Çheer Injil 'sy 3oo milley bleeaney|21]] cwih3sa2xzpez53i5ugd8531jx3livk Ronney:Yn Çheer Injil 'sy 3oo milley bleeaney 14 51885 384192 2026-07-05T00:24:36Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384192 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Ronney:3oo milley bleeaney rere çheer|Cheer Injil]] [[Ronney:Yn Çheer Injil rere milley bleeaney|3]] [[Ronney:Yn Oarpey 'sy 3oo milley bleeaney|Cheer Injil]] hf76htmdo4qw5vcwzva19dn6a7pv1fe Ronney:Yn Çheer Injil rere eash 14 51886 384193 2026-07-05T00:27:12Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384193 wikitext text/x-wiki {{moir-ronney}} {{Commons category|Netherlands by century|Y Çheer Injil rere eash}} [[Ronney:Shennaghys y Çheer Injil rere earish|*Eash]] [[Ronney:Eashyn rere çheer|Cheer Injil]] [[Ronney:Yn Oarpey rere eash|Cheer Injil]] js4b2ur87ilzn2q6cs0idy1w7au4qqm Ronney:Mraane Ollanagh rere eash 14 51887 384194 2026-07-05T00:29:25Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384194 wikitext text/x-wiki {{moir-ronney}} [[Ronney:Mraane Ollanagh| Eash]] [[Ronney:Ollanee rere eash|+]] [[ROnney:Mraane rere ashoonaght as eash|Ollanagh]] [[ROnney:Shennaghys ny mraane 'sy Çheer Injil| Eash]] fks8l1hg4w9upj0jjs7m6zudfyr7f6x Ronney:Ollanee rere eash 14 51888 384195 2026-07-05T00:30:54Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384195 wikitext text/x-wiki {{moir-ronney}} {{Commons category|People of the Netherlands by century|Feallee ass y Çheer Injil rere eash}} {{category main|Ollanee}} [[Ronney:Ollanee rere earish| Eash]] [[Ronney:Oarpee rere eash]] [[Ronney:Feallee rere ashoonaght as eash]] aoira5gki17uaqlr2evqrlhl97xb4h4 Ronney:Ollanee rere earish 14 51889 384196 2026-07-05T00:35:23Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384196 wikitext text/x-wiki {{moir-ronney}} [[Ronney:Ollanee| Earish]] [[Ronney:Oarpee rere earish|*Ollanee]] [[Ronney:Feallee rere ashoonaght as earish]] hu0w9jw1vwwwcxtqfxe7qwni8iw46ia Ronney:Shennaghys ny mraane 'sy Çheer Injil 14 51890 384197 2026-07-05T00:37:05Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384197 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Ronney:Shennaghys sheshoil y Çheer Injil|Mraane]] [[Ronney:Mraane 'sy Çheer Injil]] [[ROnney:Shennaghys ny mraane rere çheer|Cheer Injil]] cunadlxnv6ypt35b1w7yat9bqqsou4p Ronney:Mraane 'sy Çheer Injil 14 51891 384198 2026-07-05T00:38:34Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384198 wikitext text/x-wiki {{catmain|Feminaght 'sy Çheer Injil}} [[Ronney:Sheshaght y Çheer Injil]] [[Ronney:Mraane rere çheer|Cheer Injil]] [[Ronney:Mraane 'syn Oarpey|Cheer Injil]] [[Ronney:Keintys 'sy Çheer Injil]] q350t2cgxulagjmgya6dnbyhz0spc6w Ronney:Keintys 'sy Çheer Injil 14 51892 384199 2026-07-05T00:39:58Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384199 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Ronney:Sheshaght y Çheer Injil]] [[Ronney:Keintys rere çheer|Cheer Injil]] [[Ronney:Keintys 'syn Oarpey rere çheer|Cheer Injil]] k86vk2kwq4u0vo4pdhtu6x8xbo7b0qh Ronney:Sheshaght y Çheer Injil 14 51893 384200 2026-07-05T00:41:19Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384200 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Commons category|Society of the Netherlands|Sheshaght y Çheer Injil}} [[Ronney:Yn Çheer Injil]] [[Ronney:Sheshaght rere çheer|Cheer Injil]] [[Ronney:Sheshaght yn Oarpey rere çheer|Cheer Injil]] culddlusm65tswt9qwif9wpvn9j8ybd Ronney:Shennaghys sheshoil y Çheer Injil 14 51894 384201 2026-07-05T00:43:37Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384201 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Ronney:Shennaghys sheshoil rere çheer|Cheer Injil]] [[Ronney:Shennaghys y Çheer Injil rere bun-chooish|Sheshoil]] [[Ronney:Sheshaght y Çheer Injil]] [[Ronney:Shennaghys sheshoil yn Oarpey|Cheer Injil]] k14k0a3eix2c5trelqor1odt4yq2kps Ronney:Arraneyderyn Ollanagh rere eash 14 51895 384202 2026-07-05T00:47:23Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384202 wikitext text/x-wiki {{moir-ronney}} [[Ronney:Arraneyderyn Ollanagh| Eash]] [[Ronney:Kiaulleyderyn Ollanagh rere eash]] [[Ronney:Arraneyderyn rere ashoonaght as eash|Ollanagh]] 9co8s362vf1n9yx61mbuhgqt3i4cam0 Ronney:Kiaulleyderyn Ollanagh y 21d eash 14 51896 384203 2026-07-05T00:54:20Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384203 wikitext text/x-wiki {{RonneyKeirdRereX}} [[Ronney:Ollanee yn 21d eash rere keird]] f4g0pqwe038777ilgh1aeuta05d4l1v Ronney:Arraneyderyn rere ashoonaght as eash 14 51897 384204 2026-07-05T00:58:53Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384204 wikitext text/x-wiki {{moir-ronney}} {{category see also|Arraneyderyn rere eash as ashoonaght}} [[Ronney:Arraneyderyn rere eash| Ashoonaght]] [[Ronney:Arraneyderyn rere ashoonaght| Eash]] [[Ronney:Kiaulleyderyn rere ashoonaght as eash| Arraneyderyn]] {{CatAutoTOC}} h3ai3cem4mphr005mnmwkmf6y4exp8r Ronney:Arraneyderyn rere eash 14 51898 384205 2026-07-05T01:01:05Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384205 wikitext text/x-wiki {{moir-ronney}} [[Ronney:Kiaulleyderyn rere eash|Arraneyderyn]] [[Ronney:Arraneyderyn| Eash]] 3oiqop8rxjzq033jo8y1f0oymldaem2 Ronney:Kiaulleyderyn rere eash 14 51899 384206 2026-07-05T01:04:21Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384206 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Commons category|Musicians by century|Kiaulleyderyn rere eash}} {{moir-ronney}} [[Ronney:Kiaulleyderyn| Eash]] [[Ronney:Feallee rere keird as eash]] [[Ronney:Kiaull rere eash|+Kiaulleyderyn]] k95b40ygsjf1vkxypbvyp4www0rp6h3 Ronney:Kiaulleyderyn rere ashoonaght as eash 14 51900 384207 2026-07-05T01:06:16Z MacTire02 219 ronney elley 384207 wikitext text/x-wiki {{moir-ronney}} {{CatAutoTOC}} {{category see also|Kiaulleyderyn rere eash as ashoonaght}} [[Ronney:Kiaulleyderyn rere eash| Ashoonaght]] [[Ronney:Kiaulleyderyn rere ashoonaght| Eash]] [[Ronney:Feallee rere keird, ashoonaght, as eash]] 9hg61v50ppkpins4ro0d38dfpvntiux Ronney:Kiaulleyderyn Ollanagh rere eash 14 51901 384208 2026-07-05T01:08:13Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384208 wikitext text/x-wiki {{moir-ronney}} [[Ronney:Kiaulleyderyn Ollanagh| Eash]] [[Ronney:Ollanee rere keird as eash]] [[Ronney:Kiaulleyderyn rere ashoonaght as eash|Ollanagh]] 0cdbtls5ls2gfrzczatkdg8mog0dgdt Ronney:Ollanee rere keird as eash 14 51902 384209 2026-07-05T01:09:33Z MacTire02 219 ronney noa 384209 wikitext text/x-wiki {{moir-ronney}} {{Category see also|Ollanee rere eash as keird}} [[Ronney:Ollanee rere eash| Keird]] [[Ronney:Ollanee rere keird| Eash]] [[Ronney:Feallee rere ashoonaght, keird, as eash]] er8oeogatlp7lv07nuc6u4j3ksu1p82