Wikipedia hawiki https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babban_shafi MediaWiki 1.46.0-wmf.24 first-letter Midiya Musamman Tattaunawa User Tattaunawar user Wikipedia Tattaunawar Wikipedia Fayil Tattaunawar fayil MediaWiki Tattaunawar MediaWiki Samfuri Tattaunawar samfuri Taimako Tattaunawar taimako Rukuni Tattaunawar rukuni TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 1646 826408 786809 2026-04-26T05:05:18Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 826408 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Nigeria w1 locator.svg|thumb|'''''Nigeria w1 locator''''']] [[Fayil:Flag of Nigeria.svg|thumb|tutar najeriya]] [[Fayil:Nigeria w1 locator.svg|thumb|manuniyar najeriya]] [[Fayil:The City Gate of Abuja.jpg|thumb|babban birnin najeriya]] [[Fayil:20200408 Nigeria Crisis.pdf|thumb|crisis a najeriya]] [[Fayil:Nigerian Public Domain 143.jpg|thumb|Sojan Nigeria ]] ''''[[Najeriya]];'''' (/nadʒɪəriyə/) ko '''Nijeriya''' (/niˈdʒɪəriyə/) da ([[turanci]]: ''Nigeria''): A Gwamnatance '''Tarayyar [[Najeriya]]''' ƙasa ce da take a [[Afirka ta Yamma|Afirka]] [[Afirka ta Yamma|ta]] yamma.<ref>The countries with the 10 largest Christian populations and the 10 largest Muslim populations". Pew Research Center. April 2019. Archived from the original on 18 January 2021. Retrieved 25 May 2020.</ref><ref>Nigeria Fact Sheet" (PDF). United States Embassy in Nigeria. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 October 2020. Retrieved 23 September 2018.</ref><ref>Nigeria: The African giant". The Round Table. 50 (197): 55–63. 1959. doi:10.1080/00358535908452221. ISSN 0035-8533.</ref> Tana da iyaka da ƙasar [[Nijar]] daga Arewa, da [[Cadi|Chadi]] daga Arewa maso gabas da [[Kamaru]] daga gabas da [[Benin]] daga yamma, daga kudanci kuma tana a gaɓar [[Tekun Atalanta|Tekun Atlantika]].<ref>Online Etymological Dictionary". Etymonline.com. Archived from the original on 2 July 2017. Retrieved 28 July 2014</ref><ref>Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) – The Nuclear Threat Initiative". Archived from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 19 October 2021.</ref><ref>Kperogi, Farooq A. "Natasha H. Akpoti's Wildly Inaccurate History of Nigeria". Notes From Atlanta. Archived from the original on 11 August 2023. Retrieved 11 August 2023.</ref> Jamhuriyar Tarayyar [[Najeriya]] ta ƙunshi Jihohi guda (36) tare da ''Babban Birnin'' Tarayya [[Abuja]] inda fadar [[Shugaban kasa|shugaban ƙasar]] wato "villa" take.<ref name=":0">http://www.unep.org/news-and-stories/story/unep-ogoniland-oil-assessment-reveals-extent-environmental-contamination-and</ref><ref>https://www.greenleft.org.au/content/shell%E2%80%99s-nigeria-ecocide-creating-refugee-crisis,%20https://www.greenleft.org.au/content/shell%E2%80%99s-nigeria-ecocide-creating-refugee-crisis{{Dead link|date=January 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20141205124719/http://www.punchng.com/news/us-sends-medical-experts-to-study-how-nigeria-contained-ebola/</ref> [[Lagos (birni)|Abuja]] tana ɗaya daga cikin manyan birane a [[duniya]].<ref>[[Muhammadu Buhari]]</ref><ref>Tylecote 1975 (see below)</ref><ref>Eggert, Manfred (2014). "Early iron in West and Central Africa". In Breunig, P (ed.). Nok: African Sculpture in Archaeological Context. Frankfurt, Germany: Africa Magna Verlag Press. pp. 51–59.</ref>[[File:Shopping District - Lagos Nigeria.jpg|thumb|Shopping District]] [[Fayil:Asiwaju Bola Ahmed Tinubu (5980497975) (cropped).jpg|thumb|Shugaban Kasar Nijeriya]] Najeriya ta kasance gida da dama ga ƴan asalin [[turawa]] masu mulkin mallaka, jihohin da suka mallaka tunda (BC)<ref>Holl, Augustin F. C. (June 2020). "The Origins of African Metallurgies". Oxford Research Encyclopedias. 22 (4): 12–13. doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780190854584.013.63. <nowiki>ISBN 9780190854584</nowiki>. OCLC 7869925414.</ref><ref>Eggert, Manfred (2014). "Early iron in West and Central Africa". In Breunig, P (ed.). Nok: African Sculpture in Archaeological Context. Frankfurt, Germany: Africa Magna Verlag Press. pp. 53–54. <nowiki>ISBN 9783937248462</nowiki>.</ref><ref>Breunig, Peter. 2014. Nok: African Sculpture in Archaeological Context: p. 21.</ref> tare da [[Al'adar Nok|Nok Wayewa]] ta kasance ita ce karo na farko da Turawan mulkin mallaka suka fara mallakewa a [[Yammacin Africa]] a cikin ƙarni na sha biyar (15).<ref>Nicole Rupp, Peter Breunig & Stefanie Kahlheber, "Exploring the Nok Enigma Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine", Antiquity 82.316, June 2008.</ref><ref>Eze–Uzomaka, Pamela. "Iron and its influence on the prehistoric site of Lejja". Academia.edu. University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria. Archived from the original on 6 December 2020. Retrieved 12 December 2014.</ref><ref>Hrbek, Ivan {1992}. Africa from the seventh to the eleventh Century. James Currey Publishers. p. 254. <nowiki>ISBN 978-0-85255-093-9</nowiki>.</ref> A zamani jihar an samo asali da [[Birtaniya]] a cikin karni na sha tara (19) yana ɗaukar yanayin na yanzu tare da haɗe yankin [[Kudanci|Kudancin]] [[Najeriya]] da kuma kare [[Arewacin Najeriya]] a cikin shekara ta alif dubu ɗaya da ɗari tara da goma sha huɗu (1914)<ref>Uzukwu, E. Elochukwu (1997). Worship as Body Language. Liturgical Press. p. 93. <nowiki>ISBN 978-0-8146-6151-2</nowiki>. Archived from the original on 27 June 2024. Retrieved 27 June 2024</ref><ref>The Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria" (PDF). 1963. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 August 2021.</ref><ref>MacDonald, Fiona; Paren, Elizabeth; Shillington, Kevin; Stacey, Gillian; Steele, Philip (2000). Peoples of Africa, Volume 1. Marshall Cavendish. p. 385. <nowiki>ISBN 978-0-7614-7158-5</nowiki>.</ref><ref>Laitin, David D. (1986). Hegemony and culture: politics and religious change among the Yoruba. University of Chicago Press. p. 111. <nowiki>ISBN 978-0-226-46790-0</nowiki>.</ref> ta [[Frederick Lugard|Lord Lugard]]. Ingilishi ya kafa tsarin gudanarwa da na doka yayin aiwatar da mulkin kai tsaye ta hanyar shugabannin gargajiya.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Achebe, Nwando, 1970-|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/707092916|title=The female king of colonial Nigeria : Ahebi Ugbabe|isbn=978-0-253-00507-6|location=Bloomington|oclc=707092916}}</ref><ref>Falola, Toyin; Genova, Ann (2009). Historical Dictionary of Nigeria. Scarecrow Press. p. 328. <nowiki>ISBN 978-0-8108-6316-3</nowiki>. Retrieved 29 March 2015.</ref><ref>Falola, Toyin; Paddock, Adam (2012). Environment and Economics in Nigeria. Routledge. p. 78. <nowiki>ISBN 978-1-136-66247-8</nowiki>. Retrieved 29 March 2015.</ref> Najeriya, ta zama ƙasar tarayyar da ke da ƴanci kai tsaye a ranar (1)ga watan [[Oktoba]], shekara ta alif dubu ɗaya da ɗari tara da sittin (1960).<ref>Falola, Toyin, and Matthew M. Heaton, A History of Nigeria (2008), pp. 85–109</ref><ref>Peterson, Derek R., ed., Abolitionism and imperialism in Britain, Africa, and the Atlantic (Ohio University Press, 2010).</ref><ref>Falola, Toyin, and Matthew M. Heaton, A History of Nigeria (2008), pp. 85–109.</ref> Ta fuskanci yaƙin basasa daga shekara ta dubu ɗaya da ɗari tara da sittin da bakwai (1967) zuwa shekarar dubu ɗaya da ɗari tara da saba'in da bakwai (1977).<ref>Adam, Abba Idris, "Re-inventing Islamic Civilization in the Sudanic Belt: The Role of Sheikh Usman Dan Fodio." Journal of Modern Education Review 4.6 (2014): 457–465. online Archived 15 April 2021 at the Wayback Machine</ref><ref>"Nigeria – CIA World Factbook 2019" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 September 2020. Retrieved 25 May 2020.</ref><ref>Slow death slavery course abolition northern Nigeria 18971936 | Regional history after 1500". Cambridge University Press. Archived from the original on 8 March 2021. Retrieved 22 January 2020.</ref> Sannan a biyo bayan zaɓaɓɓun gwamnatocin farar hula da mulkin kama-karya na soja, har sai an sami tabbatacciyar [[dimokuraɗiyya]] a shekara ta alif dari tara da chasa'in da tara (1999) zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na shekara ta (2015)dubu biyu da sha biyar shi ne karo na farko da shugaban [[Shugaban Nijeriya|ƙasa]] mai ci ya faɗi zaɓensa. <ref>https://www.theguardian.com/society/2015/may/29/outlawing-fgm-nigeria-hugely-important-precedent-say-campaigners</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2015-03-31|title=Buhari wins historic election landslide|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-nigeria-election-idUSKBN0MR0VN20150331|access-date=2020-05-25}}</ref><ref>Udofia, O.E. (1981). "Nigerian Political Parties: Their Role in Modernizing the Political System, 1920–1966". Journal of Black Studies. 11 (4): 435–447. doi:10.1177/002193478101100404. JSTOR 2784073. S2CID 143073983.</ref> Najeriya; tafi Ko wace ƙasa yawan al'umma a nahiyar Afrika, ƙasa ce Kuma mai yawan al’umma da ke zaune sama da ƙabilu guda ɗari biyu da sittin (260)<ref>Juang, Richard M. (2008). Africa and the Americas: culture, politics, and history: a multidisciplinary encyclopedia, Volume 2. ABC-CLIO. p. 597. <nowiki>ISBN 978-1-85109-441-7</nowiki>.</ref><ref>Hrbek, Ivan (1992). Africa from the seventh to the eleventh Century. James Currey Publishers. p. 254. <nowiki>ISBN 978-0-85255-093-9</nowiki>.</ref><ref>Eze–Uzomaka, Pamela. "Iron and its influence on the prehistoric site of Lejja". Academia.edu. University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria. Archived from the original on 6 December 2020. Retrieved 12 December 2014.</ref> waɗanda ke magana [[Harsunan Najeriya|da yarurruka daban daban guda ɗari biyar (500]]) dukkansu suna ɗauke da al'adu iri daban daban. Manyan ƙabilun guda uku su ne; [[Hausa–Fulani|Hausa – Fulani]] a [[Arewacin Najeriya|Arewa]], [[Yarbawa]] a [[Kasar Yarbawa|Yamma]], da kuma [[Inyamurai|Igbo]] a gabas, waɗanda suka hada da kashi sittin (60%) na yawan mutanen. Yaren [[harshen gwamnati|hukuma]] shi ne [[English cricket team in the West Indies in 2008–09|Ingilishi]],<ref>Uzukwu, E. Elochukwu (1997). Worship as Body Language. Liturgical Press. p. 93. <nowiki>ISBN 978-0-8146-6151-2</nowiki>. Archived from the original on 27 June 2024. Retrieved 27 June 2024</ref><ref>Laitin, David D. (1986). Hegemony and culture: politics and religious change among the Yoruba. University of Chicago Press. p. 111. <nowiki>ISBN 978-0-226-46790-0</nowiki>.</ref><ref>Falola, Toyin; Heaton, Matthew M. (2008). A History of Nigeria. Cambridge University Press. p. 23. <nowiki>ISBN 978-0-521-68157-5</nowiki>.</ref> wanda aka zaɓa don sauƙaƙe haɗin harshe a matakin ƙasa. Tsarin mulkin Nijeriya ya tabbatar da ƴancin yin addini kuma ƙasa ce dake ɗauke da al’ummar musulmai da kirista, a lokaci guda. [[Najeriya]] ta kasu kashi biyu tsakanin [[Musulmi|musulmai]], waɗanda yawanci ke zaune a arewacin ƙasar, da kuma [[Kirista|kiristoci]],<ref>MacDonald, Fiona; Paren, Elizabeth; Shillington, Kevin; Stacey, Gillian; Steele, Philip (2000). Peoples of Africa, Volume 1. Marshall Cavendish. p. 385. <nowiki>ISBN 978-0-7614-7158-5</nowiki>.</ref><ref>Falola, Toyin, and Matthew M. Heaton, A History of Nigeria (2008), pp. 85–109.</ref><ref>Falola, Toyin, and Matthew M. Heaton, A History of Nigeria (2008), pp. 85–109.</ref> waɗanda yawanci ke zaune a kudancin ƙasar, tare da ƴan tsirarun da ke yin addinin asali, kamar waɗanda ke cikin ƙabilar Igbo da kuma yarbawa.<ref>https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/520849-number-of-poor-people-in-nigeria-to-reach-95-million-in-2022-world-bank.html</ref><ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/2019/09/16/official-us-poverty-rate-is-based-hopelessly-out-of-date-metric/</ref><ref>Juang, Richard M. (2008). Africa and the Americas: culture, politics, and history: a multidisciplinary encyclopedia, Volume 2. ABC-CLIO. p. 597. <nowiki>ISBN 978-1-85109-441-7</nowiki>.</ref> [[File:Bola Tinubu portrait.jpg|thumb|Bola Ahmed Tinubu shugaban kasar na yanzu]] Najeriya ,ita ce ƙasa mafi yawan mutane a [[Afirka]] kuma ƙasa ta bakwai mafi yawan mutane a duniya,<ref>Hrbek, Ivan (1992). Africa from the seventh to the eleventh Century. James Currey Publishers. p. 254. <nowiki>ISBN 978-0-85255-093-9</nowiki>.</ref><ref>Gordon, April A. (2003). Nigeria's Diverse Peoples: A Reference Sourcebook. ABC-CLIO. pp. 44–54. <nowiki>ISBN 978-1-57607-682-8</nowiki>. Retrieved 29 March 2015.</ref><ref>Adam, Abba Idris, "Re-inventing Islamic Civilization in the Sudanic Belt: The Role of Sheikh Usman Dan Fodio." Journal of Modern Education Review 4.6 (2014): 457–465. online Archived 15 April 2021 at the Wayback Machine</ref> tare da kimanin mutane miliyan ɗari biyu da shida (2,00,000,006). Tattalin arzikinta shine mafi girma a [[Afirka]], kuma shi ne na ashirin da shida (26)<ref>Slow death slavery course abolition northern Nigeria 18971936 | Regional history after 1500". Cambridge University Press. Archived from the original on 8 March 2021. Retrieved 22 January 2020.</ref><ref>"The end of slavery". The Story of Africa. BBC News. Archived from the original on 23 July 2020. Retrieved 28 May 2011.</ref><ref>Udofia, O.E. (1981). "Nigerian Political Parties: Their Role in Modernizing the Political System, 1920–1966". Journal of Black Studies. 11 (4): 435–447. doi:10.1177/002193478101100404. JSTOR 2784073. S2CID 143073983.</ref> mafi girma a duniya ta hanyar GDP maras faɗi, kuma na ashirin da biyar (25), mafi girma daga PPP. Najeriya galibi ana ƙiranta da "Giant of Africa", ma'ana ƙarfin [[Afirka|Afrika]] saboda yawan jama'a da tattalin arziƙinta, [[Bankin Duniya|kuma bankin duniya]] yana dauƙarta a matsayin [[Kasuwa masu tasowa|kasuwa]] mai tasowa. Karamar yanki ce a cikin Afirka, matsakaiciyar ƙarfi a cikin al'amuran ƙasa da ƙasa, sannan kuma tana ɗaya daga cikin ƙasashe mafi yawan [[Gingara karfi|al’umma a duniya]].<ref>Mann, Charles C. (1990). "Choosing an Indigenous Official Language for Nigeria" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 December 2020. Retrieved 10 July 2020.</ref><ref>The Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria" (PDF). 1963. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 August 2021.</ref><ref>Irede, Akin (17 March 2022). "Aguiyi-Ironsi: The murder that birthed Nigeria's northern hegemony". The Africa Report. Archived from the original on 23 February 2023. Retrieved 23 February 2023.</ref> Koyaya ƙasar tana ƙasa sosai a cikin jerin ƙasashen duniya, kuma har yanzu tana ɗaya daga cikin ƙasashe masu rashawa a duniya. Najeriya memba ce ta kafuwar tarayyar [[Afirka]], kuma memba ce a ƙungiyoyin ƙasa da ƙasa da dama, waɗanda suka haɗa da [[Majalisar Dinkin Duniya|Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]], ƙungiyar ƙasashen Yammacin Africa ([[ECOWAS|ECOWAS)]] ƙungiyar ƙasashe masu arziƙin man fetur, ([[OPEC]]) kuma memba ce na yau da kullum a gamayyar [[MINT (tattalin arziki)|MINT]], kuma tana ɗaya daga cikin ƙasashe goma sha ɗaya masu tashen ƙaruwan tattalin arziƙi wato "[[Sha dayan gaba "Next Eleven"|Next Eleven]]".<ref>https://www.fao.org/nigeria/fao-in-nigeria/nigeria-at-a-glance/en/</ref><ref>Falola and Heaton, A History of Nigeria (2008) pp 158–59</ref><ref>Murray, Senan (30 May 2007). "Reopening Nigeria's civil war wounds". BBC News. Archived from the original on 5 March 2012. Retrieved 28 May 2011.</ref> == Kirkira: == Sunan ''[[wiktionary:Nigeria|Nijeriya]]'' an dauke shi daga Kogin [[Neja (kogi)|Neja]] wanda ya ratsa kasar.<ref>"Nigerian Constitution". Nigeria Law. Archived from the original on 25 May 2016. Retrieved 17 July 2015.</ref><ref>Daly, Samuel Fury Childs (7 August 2020). A History of the Republic of Biafra. Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/9781108887748. <nowiki>ISBN 978-1-108-88774-8</nowiki>. S2CID 225266768.</ref><ref>Background Paper on Nigeria and Biafra, Declassified Documents Reference System.</ref> Wannan sunan ya samo asali ne a ranar takwas (8), ga watan Janairun shekara ta (1897) dan jaridar Ingila [[Flora Shaw, Lady Lugard|Flora Shaw]], wanda daga baya ya auri [[Frederick Lugard|Lord Lugard]], mai kula da mulkin mallaka na Burtaniya.<ref>David Williams, President and power in Nigeria: The life of Shehu Shagari (Routledge, 2018).</ref><ref>Nigeria, Military Faces Daunting Challenges", AP Press International, 3 March 1984. Retrieved 22 February 2007</ref><ref>Siollun, Max (25 October 2018), Levan, Carl; Ukata, Patrick (eds.), "Civil Military Affairs and Military Culture in Post-Transition Nigeria", The Oxford Handbook of Nigerian Politics, Oxford University Press, pp. 272–287, doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198804307.013.13, ISBN 978-0-19-880430-7</ref> [[Nijar]] da ke makwabtaka da ita sun samo sunan daga wannan kogin.<ref>Daly, Samuel Fury Childs (7 August 2020). A History of the Republic of Biafra. Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/9781108887748. <nowiki>ISBN 978-1-108-88774-8</nowiki>. S2CID 225266768.</ref><ref>Murray, Senan (30 May 2007). "Reopening Nigeria's civil war wounds". BBC News. Archived from the original on 5 March 2012. Retrieved 28 May 2011.</ref><ref>Metz, Helen Chapin (1991). "Nigeria: A Country Study – Civil War". Library of Congress Country Studies. Archived from the original on 5 June 2011. Retrieved 28 May 2011.</ref> Asalin sunan ''Nijar'', wanda asali ana amfani da shi ne kawai zuwa tsakiyar Kogin Neja, ba tabbas. Watakila kalmar ta canza sunan [[Buzaye|Tuareg]] ''egerew <u>n-iger</u> ewen'' da mazauna ke amfani da shi a tsakiyar kogin da ke kusa da [[Timbuktu]] kafin mulkin mallaka na Turai na karni na (19). <ref>The Arabic name ''nahr al-anhur'' is a direct translation of the Tuareg.</ref><ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=bs5rTH7GClgC&pg=PA48</ref><ref>The Biafra War and the Age of Pestilence". Litencyc.com. Archived from the original on 20 August 2018. Retrieved 28 July 2014.</ref> [[File:Abuja gate.jpg|alt=Birnin Tarayyar Najeriya fadar Gwamnatin Shugaban kasar|thumb|Babban Birnin Tarayyar Najeriya Fadar Shugaban Kasa|165x165px]] == Tarihi: == [[File:Central bank nigeria.jpg|thumb|Babban Bankin Nigeria.|159x159px]] [[Fayil:Asiwaju Bola Ahmed Tinubu (5980497975) (cropped).jpg|thumb|Shugaban kasan najeriya(bola ahmad tinubu)]] Tarihi, ya nuna cewar [[Najeriya a 1960|Nijeriya]] dadaddar kasa ce, kuma tarihi yanuna kasar na nan tun a shekara ta ('''500),'''<ref>McDonald, Gordon C., Area Handbook for the Democratic Republic of the Congo (Congo Kinshasa) (1971), p. 263</ref><ref>Michael I. Draper, Shadows: Airlift and Airwar in Biafra and Nigeria 1967–1970.</ref><ref>Stearns, Jason K. Dancing in the Glory of Monsters: The Collapse of the Congo and the Great War of Africa (2011), p. 115</ref> kafin haihuwar Yesu Almasihu wato Annabi Isah (A.S) a wannan lokaci suka samata suna [[Kasar Hausa]].<ref>Wrong, Michela. In the Footsteps of Mr Kurtz: Living on the Brink of Disaster in Mobutu's Congo (2000), p. 266</ref><ref>Watts, Michael (1987) State, Oil and Agriculture in Nigeria, Institute of International Studies, University of California, <nowiki>ISBN 0-87725-166-5</nowiki>.</ref><ref>Iliffe 2011, pp. 42–43; Derfler 2011, p. 81.</ref> Addinin musulunci ya shiga Kasar [[Hausawa|Hausa]] ne tun a karni na goma sha uku (13) miladiya.<ref>Derfler 2011, p. 82.</ref><ref>Iliffe 2011, p. 44.</ref><ref>Iliffe 2011, p. 43; Derfler 2011, p. 81.</ref> a karshen karni na goma sha daya (11) zuwa tsakiyar karni na goma sha hudu (14) miladiya. Kanem Barno suka mamaye Kasar Hausa, kuma Fulani sun mamaye Kasar [[Hausa]] a farkon karni na goma sha tara (19) miladiya har zuwan Turawan Mulkin Mallaka suka mamaye [[Lagos]] a shekara ta [[1881|(1881]]) miladiyya, ana cikin [[Yakin duniya I|Yakin duniya]] na farko sai Turawan Mulkin Mallaka suka karo sojojin ruwa saboda suna tsoran Jamusawa da ke Kamaru kada sumamaye Najeriya, amma mulkin Najeriya na farko a hannun Turawan [[Portugal]].<ref>Iliffe 2011, pp. 48–49; Derfler 2011, p. 85.</ref><ref>Iliffe 2011, p. 50; Derfler 2011, p. 85</ref><ref>African Concord (1990). The New Helmsmen. Concord Press, Ikeja, Lagos. 13 August 1990</ref> A shekara ta dubu daya da dari takwas da tamanin da biyar [[1885|(1885)]] sai Turawan [[Birtaniya]] suka mamaye duk fadin Nijeria har zuwa Daya (1) ga watan oktoba, 1960. Nijeriya ta samu 'yancin kanta daga Turawan Biritaniya.<ref>Pereltsvaig, Asya (16 June 2011). "Linguistic diversity in Africa and Europe – Languages Of The World". Archived from the original on 15 May 2012. Retrieved 4 July 2019.</ref><ref>Iliffe 2011, p. 48</ref><ref>Bilski, Andrew, "Broken Promises", Maclean, 6 September 1993</ref> == Addinai: == * [[File:The Abuja National Mosque.jpg|alt=Babban Masallacin Kasa dake Abuja|thumb|Babban Masallacin Kasa dake Abuja|146x146px]]Addinin [[Musulunci]] 50%. * [[File:National Church of Nigeria in Abuja 22.jpg|alt=Babbar Mujama,ar Kasa dake Abuja|thumb|Babbar Mujama,ar Kasa dake Abuja|216x216px]]Addinin [[Kristanci]] 45%. * Sauran kashin 5% basuda kowanne irin Addini. == Tsarin Mulki: == [[File:Muhammadu Buhari, President of the Federal Republic of Nigeria (cropped).jpg|alt=Muhammadu Buhari Shugaban kasar Najeriya|thumb|Muhammadu Buhari Tsohon Shugaban Najeriya.|169x169px]] A shekara ta [[1966|(1966]]) zuwa shekara ta [[1979|(1979]]) sojoji ne ke da ikon a kan kasar, a shekara ta [[1979|(1979)]] a ka yi tsari wanda ya bawa talakawa ikon zaben gwamna. A shekara ta [[1983|(1983]]) sojoji suka rushe wannan tsarin da juyin mulki har zuwa shekara ta [[1998|(1998]]) bayan rasuwar Sani Abacha, sai aka dawo da tsarin mulki na dimokaradiya aka bawa talakawa ikon zaben shugaban da suke so, a shekara ta alif dubu ɗaya da dari tara da casa'in da[[1999|(1999]]) aka yi zabe a kasa.<ref>Diamond, Larry; Kirk-Greene, Anthony; Oyeleye Oyediran (1997) Transition without End: Nigerian Politics and Civil Society Under Babangida, Vantage Publishers, <nowiki>ISBN 978-2458-54-6</nowiki>.</ref><ref>Bilski, Andrew, "Broken Promises", Maclean, 6 September 1993.</ref><ref>"The countries with the 10 largest Christian populations and the 10 largest Muslim populations". Pew Research Center. April 2019. Archived from the original on 18 January 2021. Retrieved 25 May 2020.</ref>[[Olusegun Obasanjo|Obasanjo]] ya lashe zabe ya zama shugaban kasa na farko wanda talaka suka zaba, ya hau karo na biyu har zuwa shekara ta dubu biyu da bakwai ([[2007]])a wannan shekara aka yi zabe, [[Umaru Yar'Adua|Umaru Yar'Aduwa]] ya lashe shi ne shugaban kasa a shekarar ta dubu biyu da sha daya (2011). Dukkansu sun fito daga jam'iyya daya ne, wato (jam'iyyar [[PDP]]).<ref>Wiwa et al v. Royal Dutch Petroleum et al". Center for Constitutional Rights. Archived from the original on 26 March 2015. Retrieved 24 August 2016.</ref><ref>Nigerian Lawyer: Abacha accounts apparently in Switzerland, Luxembourg, France, and Germany", AP press, 10 January 2000.</ref><ref>Abdusalam Abubakar" Archived 4 May 2015 at the Wayback Machine, Encyclopædia Britannica Online, accessed 26 October 2012.</ref> Umaru musa yar'aduwa ya rasu a shekara ta dubu biyu da tara (2009) matemakin sa Jonathan Goodluck ebele , ya cigaba da Mulki zuwa shekara ta dubu biyu da sha daya (2011).<ref>Falola and Heaton, A History of Nigeria (2008) pp. 211–34.</ref><ref>NASS confirms Sambo as vice president". The Nigerian Voice. 18 May 2010. Archived from the original on 5 August 2020. Retrieved 29 May 2011.</ref><ref>Final Report" (PDF). EU Election Observation Mission Nigeria 2007. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 February 2008. Retrieved 24 January 2008.</ref> A yayin da a kayi zabe yalashe yacigaba da Mulki harzuwa she Kara ta dubu biyu da sha biyar (2015) yayin da a kayi zabe ta dubu biyu da sha biyar (2015) shugaban kasa wato General Muhammad Buhari yalashe zabe.<ref>"Nigeria Fact Sheet" (PDF). United States Embassy in Nigeria. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 October 2020. Retrieved 23 September 2018.</ref><ref>Nossiter, Adam (16 April 2011). "Nigerians Vote in Presidential Election". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 24 August 2019. Retrieved 17 April 2011.</ref><ref>Akinlade, Muruf (18 May 2010). "National Assembly confirms Sambo as Vice President". MyOndoState.Com. Archived from the original on 27 April 2011. Retrieved 29 May 2011</ref> Bayan shekara Tara wato yadda dimokiradiya ta tanadar ya sauka daga gadan Mulki she Kara ta dubu biyu da (2023), yabaiwa dan jam'iyarasa wato Bola Ahmad Tunubu Wanda yanzu shiyake rike da mulkin kasar Najeriya.<ref name=":0" /><ref>Udo, Bassey (14 May 2015). "Missing $20 bn: Sanusi faults Alison-Madueke, says audit report proves at least $18.5bn lost". Premium Times Nigeria. Archived from the original on 4 October 2022. Retrieved 5 October 2022.</ref><ref>Nigeria election: Muhammadu Buhari wins". BBC.</ref> === Jihohi: === {| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" |+ !Jeri !Sunan Jiha !Babban Birnin Jiha !Gwamna |- |1 | | | |- |2 | | | |- |3 | | | |- |4 | | | |- |5 | | | |- |6 | | | |- |7 | | | |- |8 | | | |- |9 | | | |- |10 | | | |- | | | | |} #.[[Abia]]. . #[[Adamawa]]. #Anambra. #[[Akwa Ibom]]. #[[Bauchi (jiha)|Bauchi]] . #[[Bayelsa]] . #[[Benue (jiha)|Benue]] . #Borno. #[[Cross River]]. #[[Delta]]. #[[Enugu (jiha)|Enugu]]. #Edo. #Ebonyi. #[[Ekiti]]. #[[Filato]] . #[[Gombe (jiha)|Gombe]]. #[[Imo]]. #[[Jigawa]]. #[[Kano (jiha)|Kano]]. #[[Katsina (jiha)|Katsina]]. #[[Kaduna (jiha)|Kaduna]]. #[[Kebbi]]. #[[Kogi]]. #[[Kwara (Jiha)|Kwara]]. #Lagos. #Neja. #[[Nasarawa]]. #[[Ogun]] . #[[Osun]] . #[[Oyo (jiha)|Oyo]]. #[[Ondo (jiha)|Ondo]] #Rivers. #[[Sokoto (jiha)|Sokoto]]. #[[Taraba]]. #[[Yobe]]. #[[Zamfara]] . [[File:Locator Map Abuja-Nigeria.png|alt=Hoton Taswirar Jihohin Najeriya 36 har da Babban Birnin Tarayyar Abuja|thumb|Hoton Taswirar Jihohin Najeriya 36 har da Babban Birnin Tarayyar Abuja|138x138px]] ''Babban birnin tarayya'' [[Abuja]]. == Yarika: == Manyan yarika a Najeriya sune guda uku kamar haka: Harshen Hausa da Yarbanci da Inyamuranci, yaren Fulatanci ma yana daya daga cikin manyan yaruka a Najeriya.<ref>APC praises Jonathan for conceding defeat". The Nation. Archived from the original on 8 July 2015. Retrieved 4 April 2015.</ref> === [[Hausa]]: === <gallery> File:Hausa royal dressing 03.jpg| Hausawa. File:Hausa royal dressing 05.jpg|Shiga irin ta al'adar Hausawa. File:Hausa emirate dress code 02.jpg|Bahaushe. </gallery> === [[Igbo|Ibo:]] === <gallery> File:IGBO CULTURAL ATTIRE.jpg| Matsahin dan kabilar Ibo (Inyamuri) da daddare. File:A typical Igbo dressing (Akwa George and beads) worn by a young Igbo woman to a cultural event like traditional marriage or new yam festival.jpg|Mace da shiga iri ta matan Ibo. File:Cultural display of the Igbos from the Eastern part of Nigeria.jpg|Matan kabilar Ibo suna gudanar da biki a al'adarsu. </gallery> === [[Yoruba]]: === Yarabawa ;Sun kasance na biyu a wayanda suka fi kowa yawa a cikin kasar Najeriya,<ref>Obama praises Nigeria's president for conceding defeat". Vanguard. 1 April 2015. Archived from the original on 21 August 2019. Retrieved 4 April 2015</ref> suna zaune a garuruwa irin su, [[Legas]] da, [[Ondo (jiha)|Ondo]] da [[Oyo (jiha)|Oyo]], da [[Osun]] da [[Kwara]] da kuma [[Kogi]]. <gallery> File:High Chiefs.jpg|Taron yarabawa a wani yanki a kasar yoruba , sun sanya irin na kayan su na yarbawa. </gallery>'''Sauran yaruka:''' Sun hada da; Fulani da Ibibio da [[Kakuri|Kanuri]] da [[Tiv]] da [[Bura]] da [[Shuwa Arab]] da[[Marghi]] da [[Kare-Kare|Kare-kare]] da [[Ɓachama]] da [[Mandara]] da [[Higgi]] da [[Kilba]] da [[Kibaku]] da [[Mafa]] da [[Glavda]] da [[Jukun]] da [[Waha]] da [[Gamargu]] da [[Igala]] da [[Nufe]] da [[Idoma]] da [[Ibibio]] da [[Efik]] da [[Anang]] da [[Ekoi]] da [[Awak]] da [[Waja]] da Waka. == Arzikin : == Nigeria akwai arzikin noma da na man fetur dakumaadanu DA wassanni aladun gargajiya hakuma kasace maiasiri akuma tsafetsafe kuma mafiyawancin munen Nigeria sun yarda DA chamfi kuma suna hukuta mutane tahanyar aladun- dawasannin gargajiya ataikace Mustapha Isah gwaram jigawa state == Wasanni; == <gallery> 9ja_women_U20.JPG|Yan wasan kwallon mata na Najeriya. Algeria_vs_Nigeria_-_1978_All-Africa_Games_final.jpg|Yan wasan Najeriya a 1978. Football_through.jpg|Yan Najeriya na wasan kwallon kafa. Women_have_fun_with_football.jpg|Mata na wasan kwallon kafa. Okossi_girls_football_team_2.jpg|team na wasannin mata. John_Obi_Mikel-Nigeria.jpg|John Mikel Obi </gallery> == Fannin tsaro. == == Kimiya da Fasaha. == == Sifiri. == === Sifirin Jirgin Sama. === === Sifirin Jirgin Kasa. === == Al'adu. == === Mutane. === [[File:IMG-20210214-WA0020.jpg|thumb|Matasa sanye da kayan Fulani a lokacin biki a Arewacin Najeriya.]] === Yaruka. === === Abinci. === === Tufafi. === == Ilimi. == == Addinai. == === Musulunci. === === Kiristanci. === == Hotuna. == ==Manazarta.== {{Reflist}} {{Afirka}} [[Category:Najeriya| ]] [[Category:Kasashen Afrika]] [[Category:Kasashen yammacin Afirka]] t32xmrqmx81c00lbfufazu397mcitay 4 2079 826382 819789 2026-04-26T00:57:53Z MediaWiki message delivery 3927 /* Request for comment (global AI policy) */ sabon sashe 826382 wikitext text/x-wiki {{:Wikipedia:Kofan al'umma/Header}} == Neman Ra’ayi kan Sabon Proposal: Inganta Hausa Wikiquote == Assalamu alaikum al’ummar Hausa Wikipedia, Ina so na sanar da ku cewa na gabatar da wani proposal a shirin tallafin (Nigeria National Funding Program) domin inganta aikin Hausa Wikiquote wanda yake a Incubator tun a shekarar 2022 amma har yanzu ba a amince da shi a matsayin cikakken Wikimedia project ba. [[User:Muhammad Idriss Criteria|Muhammad Idriss Criteria]] ([[User talk:Muhammad Idriss Criteria|talk]]) 18:26, 16 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC) ===Support=== == Buƙatar Sake Amincewa da Ni a Matsayin Admin == Assalamu alaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh. Bayan cikar wa’adin watanni shida na hidimatawa a matsayin Admin na Hausa Wikimedians User Group kamar yadda tsarin ƙungiya ya tanada, ina miƙa buƙatata ga al’umma domin a sake duba yiwuwar ba ni wannan dama na wani sabon zango. Ina da ƙuduri da niyyar ci gaba da ba da gudummawata domin bunƙasa Hausa Wikipedia tare da kiyaye gaskiya, adalci da haɗin kai. Ina roƙon al’umma da su sake ba ni amincewa domin ci gaba da hidima. Na gode da lokacinku da kulawarku. [[User:Muhammad Idriss Criteria|Muhammad Idriss Criteria]] ([[User talk:Muhammad Idriss Criteria|talk]]) 13:29, 2 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC) :@[[User:Muhammad Idriss Criteria|Muhammad Idriss Criteria]] na amince sosai tare da goyan baya akan wannan kudiri me kyau [[User:Hauwau sulaiman|Hauwau sulaiman]] ([[User talk:Hauwau sulaiman|talk]]) 20:51, 24 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC) === Support === :@[[User:Muhammad Idriss Criteria|Muhammad Idriss Criteria]]na amince domin kawo cigaba a wikipedia [[User:Ibrahim abusufyan|Ibrahim abusufyan]] ([[User talk:Ibrahim abusufyan|talk]]) 15:03, 2 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC) :na amince don ka cigaba da muhimmiyar aiki da ka faro wata shida da suka wuce. Allah ya kara basira da kwarin gwiwa [[User:Umar2z|Umar2z]] ([[User talk:Umar2z|talk]]) 17:07, 2 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC) *Ina goyon baya sosai, hakan ƙarin ci gaba ne a Hausa Wikipedia.[[User:Pharouqenr|<span style="color:orange; font-size:130%; font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Captain Pharouq</span>]] 13:41, 2 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC) * Ina goyon baya sosai akan hakan. Wannan cigaba ne ga Hausa Wikipedia gaba ɗaya [[User:Hauwau sulaiman|Hauwau sulaiman]] ([[User talk:Hauwau sulaiman|talk]]) 13:52, 2 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC) * Ina goyon bata dari bisa dari [[User:Nnamadee|Nnamadee]] ([[User talk:Nnamadee|talk]]) 20:56, 2 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC) *Ina goyon baya saboda wannan edita ya sake zama admin saboda ya cancanta kuma sake ba shi wannan damar zai ƙara haɓaka maƙalolin Hausa Wikipedia [[User:Mahuta|Mahuta]] ([[User talk:Mahuta|talk]]) 20:26, 16 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC) == Sanarwa da Neman Goyon Baya == Barka da wannan lokaci Ina fatan kuna lafiya, zanyi amfani da wannan damar domin in sanar daku cewa muna shirin gudanar da campaign mai take "Wikipedia Pages Every Wikipedia should have", idan Allah ya yarda. Dan haka muke sanar daku tare da neman shawarar ku. Wannan campaign din zai kawo cigaba a ɓangaren ƙirƙira tare da inganta muƙalu da ake buƙata a Hausa Wikipedia. Nagode [[User:Pharouqenr|Pharouqenr]] ([[User talk:Pharouqenr|talk]]) 05:43, 27 ga Augusta, 2025 (UTC) *'''Support''' Allah ya bada nasara ya kuma sa a cimma manufa [[User:Muhdavdullahi|Muhdavdullahi]] ([[User talk:Muhdavdullahi|talk]]) 07:11, 27 ga Augusta, 2025 (UTC) :Support Hakan na da Karanci dan haka wannan abu me kyau ne kwarai kuma muna goyon bayan Allah ya bada saa [[Musamman:Contributions/105.112.206.75|105.112.206.75]] 09:18, 27 ga Augusta, 2025 (UTC) :* support Allah ya bada saa muna goyon baya :[[User:Manaf205|Manaf205]] ([[User talk:Manaf205|talk]]) 09:20, 27 ga Augusta, 2025 (UTC) :Enah goyan bayanka [[User:Pharouqenr|Pharouqenr]] domin wanan campaign din zai kawo mana cigaba a Hausa Wikipedia [[User:Smshika|Smshika]] ([[User talk:Smshika|talk]]) 10:47, 27 ga Augusta, 2025 (UTC) '''Support''' Hakika wannan wani ci gaba be muna goyan baya dari Bisa dari domin cigaban al'uumar wikipedia Baki daya [[User:Ibrahim abusufyan|Ibrahim abusufyan]] ([[User talk:Ibrahim abusufyan|talk]]) 07:38, 27 ga Augusta, 2025 (UTC) '''Support''' hakan yayi kuma yana da kyau, Allah ya bada sa'a da nasara akai [[User:Mahuta|Mahuta]] ([[User talk:Mahuta|talk]]) 08:25, 27 ga Augusta, 2025 (UTC) [[User:Mahmud maby|Mahmud maby]] ([[User talk:Mahmud maby|talk]]) Support Hakika wannan wani ci gaba be muna goyan baya dari Bisa dari domin cigaan al'uumar wikipedia Baki daya mahmud maby (talk) 12:05 27 ga Augusta, 2025 (UTC) *'''Support''' Ina goyon bayan haka dari bisa dari domin zai kawo ci gaba sosae a Wikipedia [[User:Nnamadee|Nnamadee]] ([[User talk:Nnamadee|talk]]) 13:31, 27 ga Augusta, 2025 (UTC) ''' Support''' Ina goyon bayan yin hakan Allah ya tabbatar da alkhari. [[User:Muhammad Idriss Criteria|Muhammad Idriss Criteria]] ([[User talk:Muhammad Idriss Criteria|talk]]) 15:06, 27 ga Augusta, 2025 (UTC) *'''Support''' Ina goyon bayan wannan fatan Allah ya ba da Nasara [[User:Mamman Ali|Mamman Ali]] ([[User talk:Mamman Ali|talk]]) 21:23, 24 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC) ~~Ina goyan bayan hakan Allah ytabbatar da Alkairi~~ == Hausa Community Streets vox pop campaign== Barkan kuda wannan lokacin. Ina mai farin cikin sanar daku cewa. muna shishirye shiryen kawo muku campaign Wanda zaiyi hira da mutanen arewacin nigeria akan yadda suka san Wikipedia da kuma yadda suma zasu fara gyara a cikinta. inda zaayi vidiyo din interview din a watsa a duniyar yanar gizo domin kowa ya gani kuma ya iya anfani dashi. a matsayina na content creator mai tasowa wannan damace sosai gamu hausawa baki daya. muna goyan bayanku zuwa wannan lokaci. mungode. [[User:Musa Vacho77|Musa Vacho77]] ([[User talk:Musa Vacho77|talk]]) 08:04, 27 ga Augusta, 2025 (UTC) #[[User:Khalifah123|Khalifah123]] ([[User talk:Khalifah123|talk]]) 11:36, 27 ga Augusta, 2025 (UTC) :Muna goyon bayan wannan kamfe saboda shine na farko a wannan manhaja ta Hausa, hakika zai kawo cigaba ga jama'a. [[User:Uncle Bash007|Patroller>>]] 07:39, 29 ga Augusta, 2025 (UTC) Sanarwa da Neman Goyan baya [[User:Khalifah123|Khalifah123]] ([[User talk:Khalifah123|talk]]) 11:50, 27 ga Augusta, 2025 (UTC) == WikiAcademics - Fadada Wikimedia a Jami'o'in Arewacin Najeriya == Assalamu alaikum, Kungiyar Hadaka Open Learning Network tana jagorantar wani aikin tallafi na Wikimedia Community Fund mai taken '''WikiAcademics''': Fadada Wikimedia a Jami’o’in Arewacin Najeriya". Manufar aikin: * Ƙarfafa ɗalibai da malaman jami’o’i su shiga aikin Wikipedia. * Samar da horo da koyarwa domin bunkasa rubuce-rubuce a Hausa Wikipedia. Cikakken bayani da aikace-aikace [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Programs/Wikimedia_Community_Fund/Rapid_Fund/WikiAcademics:Expanding_Wikimedia_in_Northern_Nigerian_Universities_(ID:_23544402) Na Nan]. Ku shiga, ku bada ra’ayi, ku taimaka wajen bunƙasa ilimi! '''Hadaka Open Learning Network''' === Sanarwa da neman goyon baya === Assalamu alaikum yan uwa da abokan arziki editoci na Hausa Wikipedia. Ina mai farin cikin sanar da ku tare da neman goyon baya da shawarwari game da wani Rapid Grant mai taken '''Preserving Bauchi’s History and Culture Through Reliable Knowledge Creation on Wikimedia.''' da nake nema. Manufar wannan aiki ita ce tattara da rubuta tarihi da al'adu game da abinda ya shafi Bauchi da ta hanyar inganta tsofaffin muƙaloli da ƙirƙirar sabbin, bayanai, da hotuna a kan dandalan Wikimedia. Wannan zai taimaka wajen tabbatar da cewa tarihi da al’adun Bauchi sun samu tsari kuma sun kasance a bude ga kowa a duniya. [[User:Ibrahim Sani Mustapha|Ibrahim Sani Mustapha]] ([[User talk:Ibrahim Sani Mustapha|talk]]) 06:58, 28 ga Augusta, 2025 (UTC) == Wiki Green in Northern Nigeria: Documenting Hausa Native Plants On Wikimedia Commons Through Photo Walks == Assalamualaikum Ina maku Barka da wannan lokaci ƴan uwa editors da kuma shuwagabannin wannan manhaja ta Hausa Wikimedis tare da fatan kowa yana lafiya amin. Bayan haka, ina mai farin cikin sanar da ku cewa zamu shirya wani proposal mai taken:'''Wiki Green in Northern Nigeria: Documenting Hausa Native Plants On Wikimedia Commons Through Photo Walks''' da fatan zamu samu shawarwarin ku da kuma goyon bayan ku, harda ma gyare-gyaren ku. @[[User:M Bash Ne|M Bash Ne]] ([[User talk:M Bash Ne|talk]]) 08:19, 30 ga Augusta, 2025 (UTC) ==Hausa Wiktionary Harmonization and Community Initiative Activities== Barkan mu,ina mai farin cikin gayyatarku zuwa wurin shirin dazamu gudanar na cigaban aikin mu dan habaka Hausa Wiktionary ta hanyar inganta kalmomi wanda ya kunshi daura hoto,daura Audio da wasu sabbin ayyuka ma kamar su Synonym da Anagrams.[[User:Abubakr1111|Abubakr1111]] ([[User talk:Abubakr1111|talk]]) 23:20, 30 ga Augusta, 2025 (UTC) :@[[User:Abubakr1111|Abubakr1111]] An fidda lokaci da wuri? [[User:Pharouqenr|Pharouqenr]] ([[User talk:Pharouqenr|talk]]) 09:40, 3 Satumba 2025 (UTC) ::Yanzu hakadai project din yana under review,kome ake ciki zamu sanar daku nan gaba. [[User:Abubakr1111|Abubakr1111]] ([[User talk:Abubakr1111|talk]]) 13:36, 3 Satumba 2025 (UTC) :::Ok nayi zatan har funding anyi, naji kace "gayyata". Na fahimta yanzu. Kamar neman goyon baya kenan ko? To Allah ya tabbatar da hakan ina goyon baya. [[User:Pharouqenr|Pharouqenr]] ([[User talk:Pharouqenr|talk]]) 13:40, 3 Satumba 2025 (UTC) ::::Ga link din discussion page domin nuna goyon baya:https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grants_talk:Programs/Wikimedia_Community_Fund/Rapid_Fund/Hausa_Wiktionary_Harmonization_and_Community_Initiative_Activities_(ID:_23550226)&action=edit&redlink=1. Nagode [[User:Abubakr1111|Abubakr1111]] ([[User talk:Abubakr1111|talk]]) 12:20, 4 Satumba 2025 (UTC) == Sanarwa akan biki zagayowar shekara ta wikidata == Barkan mu da war haka. Ina mai farin chikin sanar da jama'ar wannan tafiya ta wikipedia Hausa cewa muna kokarin kaddamar da bukata na neman tallafi don gudanar da wayar da kai akan wikidata a Adamawa da kuma Nasarawa dafatan Allah ya bamu nasara Amin. [[User:Umar2z|Umar2z]] ([[User talk:Umar2z|talk]]) 01:48, 31 ga Augusta, 2025 (UTC) == Wikipedia Voice For All == Barkan ku da wannan lokacin. Inama editocin Hausa fatan Alkhairi. nazo na sanar daku cewa muna shirye shiryen kawo muku campaign na mata a Wikipedia Hausa saboda haryanzu mun rasa kwararrun editoci mata a shafin mu, wanda idan muka duba wasu shafin Wikipedia zamuga yadda mata suke taka rawar gani sosai. da fatan wannan taro namu me taken Wikipedia Voice For All zai kawo cigaba ga matan mu editors. nagode [[User:Galdiz|Galdiz]] ([[User talk:Galdiz|talk]]) 22:59, 3 Satumba 2025 (UTC) *'''Support''' Ina goyon bayan wannan shirin saboda karfafa mata akan ayyukan Wikipedia da kuma samun kwararrun editoci mata da masu wakilci ta bangaren mata. Allah ya bada Sa'a. [[User:Jidda3711|Jidda3711]] ([[User talk:Jidda3711|talk]]) 21:06, 6 Satumba 2025 (UTC) '''Support''' Ina goyon bayan wannan yunƙuri na karfafa muradin mata da bayyana tarihin su a Wikipedia. Na jima da ganin yadda gudummawar mata ke ƙaranci a cikin babbar kundin ilimi na duniya. Lokaci ya yi da za a gyara hakan. Allah ya Bada sa'a [[User:Saudarh2|Saudarh2]] ([[User talk:Saudarh2|talk]]) 21:03, 6 Satumba 2025 (UTC) == Global discussion on Welcome messages == <div lang{{=}}"en" dir{{=}}"ltr">Sorry that this message is in English. {{int:please-translate}}. There is a request for comment at [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Requests for comment/Welcoming policy]] on a proposal to forbid sending [[:m:welcome messages|welcome messages]] to users who have not made an edit, which is currently in practice at your wiki. Your comment on this matter would be appreciated.</div> [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 02:38, 13 Satumba 2025 (UTC) :Thank you for reaching out, the welcome messags sent by new user have Tutorials on it, for new users it's better for them know how to edit on our Wiki first before practicing it in order to avoid violations. :Thank you @[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] for reaching out. The welcome messages sent to new users contain tutorials. For new users, it's better for them to learn how to edit on our wiki first before practicing, in order to avoid violations. [[User:Pharouqenr|<span style="color:orange; font-size:130%; font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Captain Pharouq</span>]] 09:29, 13 Satumba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Community Portal]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:DreamRimmer@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:DreamRimmer/MMS_list&oldid=29262336 --> == Murnar zagayowar Shakarar Wikidata a Gombe Network == Assalamu alaikum Muna farin cikin sanar da ku cewa Gombe Network zata yi murnar zagayowar shekarar wikidata ta goma sha uku, kuma muna so mu yi amfani da wanna rana don fassara abubuwan wikidata zuwa yaren Hausa. Muna neman fatan alkhairi da kuma shwawarwari daga wannan alummah mai albarka. mun gode [[User:Umar2z|Umar2z]] ([[User talk:Umar2z|talk]]) 17:00, 15 Satumba 2025 (UTC) == Mai sauya uwar garken - Za a karanta wiki-kawai na ɗan gajeren lokaci nan ba da daɗewa ba == <section begin="server-switch" /><div class="plainlinks"> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Karanta wannan saƙon a wani yaren]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}] [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] za'a gwada chanji tsakanin cibiyoyin bayanai na farko dana sakandare. Wannan zai tabbatar da cewa Wikipedia da sauran wikis na wikimedia na iya tsayuwa akan yanar gizo koda bayan wata ruɗani Duk zirga-zirga za su kunna '''{{#time:j xg|2025-09-24|ha}}'''. Gwajin zai fara daga karfe '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/{{#time:U|2025-09-24T15:00|en}} {{#time:H:i e|2025-09-24T15:00}}]'''. Abin takaici, saboda wasu iyakoki na cikin [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], dole a dakata da duk gyararraki dole ne a yayin da muke yin sauyin. Muna neman afuwa game da wannan tsaiko, kuma muna aiki don raguwarsa nan gaba. Za a nuna wata tuta a kowace wikis mintina 30 kafin wannan aikin ya faru. <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This banner will remain visible until the end of the operation.</span> <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">You can contribute to the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&group=Centralnotice-tgroup-read_only_banner&task=view&language=&filter=&action=translate translation or proofreading] of this banner text.</span> '''Zaka iya karantawa, amma banda gyara, a duka wikis na wani ɗan ƙanƙanin lokaci.''' *Ba za ku iya yin wani gyara ba har na tsawon awa ɗaya a ranar {{#time:l j xg Y|2025-09-24|ha}}. *Idan kayi ƙoƙarin gyara ko ajiyewa awannan lokacin, zaku ga saƙon kuskure. Muna fatan cewa babu gyara da za ayi asara awannan lokacin, amma ba za mu iya tabbatar muku ba. Idan ka ga sakon kuskuren, to don Allah a jira har komai ya koma daidai. Sannan ne zaku samu damar adana gyaran ku. Amma, muna ba da shawara cewa ku kwafe canje-canjen ku tun daga farko, idan da hali. ''Wasu sakamakon'': *Ayyukan bango zasu Kasance a hankalu kuma wasu za'a iya ajiye su. Tana iya kasancewa hanyoyin hadin masu kalar-ja ba zasu dawo ba da sauri kamar yadda aka saba. Idan ka kirkiri labarin da aka riga aka danganta shi a wani wuri, hanyar hadi zata zauna a kalar-ja fiye da yadda aka saba. Dole ne a tsaida duk wasu rubutuka masu daɗewa * Muna sa ran tura lambar za ta faru kamar kowane mako. Koyaya, wasu daskarewar lamba-by-case na iya faruwa akan lokaci idan aikin ya buƙaci su daga baya. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|GitLab]] ba zai kasance ba na kusan mintuna 90. Ana iya jinkirta wannan aikin dangane da yadda hali ya bada Za ka iya karanta tsarin a [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Za a sanar da duk wanu canji na wannan jadawalin. '''Ayi kokarin yadda wannan bayanin tare ga jama'ar ku.'''</div><section end="server-switch" /> <span dir=ltr>[[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Trizek (WMF)|{{int:talk}}]])</span> 15:41, 18 Satumba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Community Portal]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29170715 --> == Neman Ci Gaba Da Zama Mai Gudanarwa == Assalamu alaikum yan’uwa masu bada gudunmawa a shafin Hausa Wikipedia. Hakika ina daga cikin masu gudanarwa (administrators) a shafin Hausa Wikipedia, kuma ga shi wa'adin gudanarwata yana dab da ƙarewa, hakan ta sanya make fatan ci gaba da wannan aiki domin kula da tsari, tsafta, da kuma kare wannan shafi daga duk wani abin da zai iya kawo cikas ga ci gabansa. Saboda haka nake neman goyon bayan ku da amincewar ku domin in ci gaba da zama mai gudanarwa (administrator). Goyon bayan ku da shawarwarin ku suna da matuƙar muhimmanci a gare ni da kuma al’ummar Hausa Wikipedia gaba ɗaya. Na gode. [[User:A Sulaiman Z|A Sulaiman Z]] ([[User talk:A Sulaiman Z|talk]]) 22:42, 26 Satumba 2025 (UTC) * :Ina bada goyon baya dari bisa dari [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 05:35, 27 Satumba 2025 (UTC) * :'''Support''' Ina mai bayyana goyon bayana a bisa ci gaba da kasancewrsa admin a Hausa Wikipedia. [[User:A&#39;isha A Ibrahim|A&#39;isha A Ibrahim]] ([[User talk:A&#39;isha A Ibrahim|talk]]) 13:40, 27 Satumba 2025 (UTC) * '''Support''' hakika ka kasa ce edita mai bada gudummawa sosai a Hausa Wikipedia, dan haka sake baka wannan damar wata babbar nasara ce ga shafin Hausa Wikipedia na bunƙasa shi, dan haka ina goyon baya [[User:Mahuta|Mahuta]] ([[User talk:Mahuta|talk]]) 04:54, 27 Satumba 2025 (UTC) * '''Support''' Tabbas Ina goyon bayan ka sake kasancewa Admin a karo na biyu. [[User:Muhammad Idriss Criteria|Muhammad Idriss Criteria]] ([[User talk:Muhammad Idriss Criteria|talk]]) 07:52, 27 Satumba 2025 (UTC) * '''Support''' Ina goyon baya sosai domin cigaba da kula da ayyukan editici da kuma kawo cigaba wajan gyara ayyukan da suka saɓa ƙa'ida. [[User:Pharouqenr|<span style="color:orange; font-size:130%; font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Captain Pharouq</span>]] 12:11, 27 Satumba 2025 (UTC) * '''Support''' Ina matukar goyon bayan wannan shawara ta sake zama Admin a Hausa Wikipedia,sabi da ka kasance cikakken mai bada gudunmawa a Wikimedia baki daya don haka ina goyon bayan.[[User:Ibrahim Sani Mustapha|Ibrahim Sani Mustapha]] ([[User talk:Ibrahim Sani Mustapha|talk]]) 13:16, 27 Satumba 2025 (UTC) * Lallai wannan edita jajirtaccen ne wurin bada gudunmawa a wannan shafi na Wikipedia da sauran ƴan uwanta, ina goyon bayan ya ci gaba da kasancewa mai gudanarwa a wannan shafi '''Support''' [[User:Hamza DK|Hamza DK]] ([[User talk:Hamza DK|talk]]) * Ina goyan bayan samun wannan dama a karo na biyu. Hakan karin jawo cigaba ne ga Hausawa Wikipedia. [[User:BnHamid|BnHamid]] ([[User talk:BnHamid|talk]]) * '''Support''' ina goyan bayan ka dan sake zama Admin saboda irin gudummawar da kake bayarwa.[[User:Galdiz|Galdiz]] ([[User talk:Galdiz|talk]]) 05:20, 3 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) *:Ina bada goyan baya akan ka zama mai gudanarwa saboda irin jajircewa da kuma gudunmawa da kake badawa a manhajar Wikipedia musamman a bangaren yaren Hausa. [[User:Captain1044|Captain1044]] ([[User talk:Captain1044|talk]]) 11:46, 4 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == Neman Goyon Bayan Zama Mai Gudanarwa (Administrator) == Salam, Dafatan kuna lafiya Yan uwa. ina mai neman goyon bayanku. na kasance mai gyara gyare a Wikipedia musan man ta Hausa tun 2019. inada sha'awar gyare gyare musan man akan abunda ya shafi ka'idojin rubutu, gaba dake tsakanin rubutu, saka manazarta da kuma gyara fassarori zuwa ga tabbacciyar ingantaciyar rubutu wanda za'a iya karantawa. Ina neman goyon bayanku. nagode. [[User:Musa Vacho77|Musa Vacho77]] ([[User talk:Musa Vacho77|talk]]) 13:15, 2 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :* '''Strongly Support SS ''' [[User:Omoty77|Omoty77]] ([[User talk:Omoty77|talk]]) 04:09, 3 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :*:Gaskiya enah goyon bayan [[User:Musa Vacho77|Musa Vacho77]] kazama Admin sabo da ɗadewan da kayi kana bada gudunmawa a Hausa Wikipedia [[User:Smshika|Smshika]] ([[User talk:Smshika|talk]]) 07:05, 7 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :* '''Support''', ƙwararren edita ne kuma yana da kishi. Ina goyon bayan zaman sa admin. :[[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 18:53, 3 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :Walaikumus Salam ɗan uwa. Ni [[User:Umar-askira| Umar-askira]] ina goyon bayan wannan editan ya zama admin a Hausa Wikipedia. Fatan alkhairi [[User:Umar-askira|Umar-askira]] ([[User talk:Umar-askira|talk]]) 13:34, 4 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) *'''Support''' Ina go yan baya dari bisa dari. Saboda mun yaba da yanda yake jajircewa wajen wayan ma sababbin editors Kai da kuma basu gudun mawa wajen basu Illumin da yakamata wajen yin ingan tacen editing yada yakamata. ([[User:Abubakar Yusuf Gusau|Abubakar Yusuf Gusau]] ([[User talk:Abubakar Yusuf Gusau|talk]]) 20:33, 2 Oktoba 2025 (UTC)) * '''Support''' Gaskiya ina goyon bayan ka dan zama Admin dari bisa dari domin gudummawar da kake badawa a wikipedia.[[User:Galdiz|Galdiz]] ([[User talk:Galdiz|talk]]) 04:25, 3 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) * '''Support''' Tabbas wannan babban edita ya cancanci ya zama edita domin ya daɗe yana bada gudummawa a shafin Hausa Wikipedia, sannan yana da gurin bunƙasa maƙalolin shafin Hausa Wikipedia, bashi wannan damar wata babbar nasara ce gare mu baki ɗaya na cigaba da bunƙasa shafin Hausa Wikipedia, dan Haka ina goyon baya [[User:Mahuta|Mahuta]] ([[User talk:Mahuta|talk]]) 05:41, 3 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) *'''Support''' ƙwararren edita ne da ya daɗe yana bada gudummowa. Ina goyon bayan zaman sa admin.[[User:Abubakr1111|Abubakr1111]] ([[User talk:Abubakr1111|talk]]) 11:00, 4 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) * {{s}} Tabbas Hausa Wikipedia na bukatan kwararrun editoci wanda suka dade suna bada gudummawa da jajircewa wajen kawo cigaba a wannan shafi. Saboda haka ina goyon bayan haka.[[User:Uncle Bash007|Patroller>>]] 11:21, 4 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) *:* ''' Support''' Ina goyan bayan bama wannan editan admin ganin dacewar shi da kuma dadewar shi yana bada gudunmawa *:[[User:Sadauki11|Sadauki11]] ([[User talk:Sadauki11|talk]]) 14:20, 6 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == Neman Zama Admin karo na biyu == Assalam, da fatan kuna lafiya. Ina mai neman goyon bayanku akan sabunta wa'adin zama Admin a karo na biyu domin kula da nagartaccin ayyuka da kuma tankaɗe ayyuka masu kyau. Nagode.. Bissalam. [[User:Pharouqenr|<span style="color:orange; font-size:130%; font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Captain Pharouq</span>]] 13:36, 7 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :Support ina mai goyon bayan haka 100% duba da irin koqsrin dakake na ganin an inganta muqalu da jajircewa gurin koyarda sabbin editors [[User:Muhdavdullahi|Muhdavdullahi]] ([[User talk:Muhdavdullahi|talk]]) 05:24, 8 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :*'''Support''' Ina goyon bayan hakan sosai domin inganta hausa Wikipedia. Tabbas hakan zai kawo ci gaba [[User:Najeebbabi|Najeebbabi]] ([[User talk:Najeebbabi|talk]]) 13:42, 7 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) *'''Support''' Ina goyon baya 100% domin jajirtaccen aikin da kakeyi a matsayin mai gudanarwa. [[User:Moherhh|Moherhh]] ([[User talk:Moherhh|talk]]) 13:47, 7 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) *'''Support''' Ina goyon baya saboda jajircewa da kwazo na wannan edita. *Support [[User:Aisha Yahuza|Aisha Yahuza]] ([[User talk:Aisha Yahuza|talk]]) 15:19, 7 Oktoba 2025 (UTC)Ina goyon bayan hakan saboda kwazo da jajircewa wannan editan *'''Support''' Ina goyon bayan hakan dari bisa dari *'''Support'''' Ina goyon baya [[User:Muhammad Idriss Criteria|Muhammad Idriss Criteria]] ([[User talk:Muhammad Idriss Criteria|talk]]) 15:51, 7 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) *’’’Support’’’ Ina Goyan bayan hakan Dari bisa dari saboda hazaka da jajircewar wannan editan *'''Support''': Tabbas ina goyon bayan sake kasancewarka mai gudanarwa saboda irin jajircewarka wajen ganin an tsaftace shafin Hausa Wikipedia daga dukkan wani koma baya. [[User:A Sulaiman Z|A Sulaiman Z]] ([[User talk:A Sulaiman Z|talk]]) 19:33, 7 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :*'''Support''' support 100% [[User:Manaf205|Manaf205]] ([[User talk:Manaf205|talk]]) 09:53, 8 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) *'''Support''' ina goyan bayan sosai, domin cigaba da ciyar da Hausa Wikipedia gaba. [[User:BnHamid|BnHamid]] ([[User talk:BnHamid|talk]]) == Ku fadi ra'ayinku: zaben 2025 Kwamitin Amintattu == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Barkan mu, Lokacin jefa ƙuri'a na [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025|2025 Zaɓen Kwamitin Amintattu]] ya buɗe. 'Yan takara na neman kujeru biyu (2) a Kwamitin. Don duba cancantar masu jefa ƙuri'a, da fatan za a ziyarci [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Voter eligibility guidelines|shafin cancantar masu jefa ƙuri'a]]. Ƙara koyo game da su ta [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Candidates|karanta bayanan aikace-aikacen su da kallon bidiyon takararsu]]. Lokacin da kun shirya, ku je zuwa [[m:Special:SecurePoll/vote/405|shafin zabe na SecurePoll don kada kuri'a]]. '''Za a buɗe zaɓe daga 8 ga Oktoba a 00:00 UTC zuwa Oktoba 22 a 23:59 UTC.''' Gaisuwa mafi kyau, Abhishek Suryawanshi<br />Shugaba, Kwamitin Zabe<section end="announcement-content" /> [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 04:48, 9 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Community Portal]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29360896 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Help us decide the name of the new Abstract Wikipedia project</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="function1"/> {{int:Hello}}. Please help pick a name for the new Abstract Wikipedia wiki project. This project will be a wiki that will enable users to combine functions from [[:f:|Wikifunctions]] and data from Wikidata in order to generate natural language sentences in any supported languages. These sentences can then be used by any Wikipedia (or elsewhere). There will be two rounds of voting, each followed by legal review of candidates, with votes beginning on 20 October and 17 November 2025. Our goal is to have a final project name selected on mid-December 2025. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} <section end="function1"/> </div> -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:42, 20 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Community Portal]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29432175 --> == Sanarwa tare da neman goyon baya == Ƴan'uwa masu daraja dafatan kuna lafiya, inaso nayi amfani da wannan damar domin na shaida maku muna shirin gudanar da taron Wiki Loves Africa 2026 In Kebbi and Niger insha Allah, muna neman goyon bayan ku tare da haɗin kai da kuma shawarwarin da kuke ganin ya dace nagode. [[User:Mahuta|Mahuta]] ([[User talk:Mahuta|talk]]) 04:55, 21 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == Kakaranta muƙalar da ƙyau kafin ka wallafa ta == Assallamu'alaikum malam [[User:Mahmud maby|Mahmud maby]] Sannu da ƙokari kalura da abin da kake fassarawa kafin ka wallafa, wanan muƙalan mai suna [[Labarin inganci abinci na Tarayyar Turai: Tarihin sauye-sauyen]] bata da Ma'ana ko ƙadan kaje ka inganta ta dan Allah in koma baga inganta ta ba zan gogeta nan da kwana biyu nagode [[User:Smshika|Smshika]] ([[User talk:Smshika|talk]]) 14:00, 22 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Wikifunctions will be deployed on your wiki on 2025-11-05</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="Message"/> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Wikifunctions deployment|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Abstract Wikipedia/Wikifunctions deployment}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Hi all, we want to let you know that [[:f:|Wikifunctions]] is coming to your project soon! When enabled, you will be able to call functions from your project, and integrate them in your articles. A function is something that takes one or more inputs and transforms them into a desired output. Think of adding up two numbers, or converting miles into metres, or calculating how much time has passed since an event, or declining a word into a case. This is usually done with templates that are complicated to create or to import. With Wikifunctions, you will be able to do this with just a couple of clicks! Please check out [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Introduction|these tutorials]] for more details. You’re also invited to [[:f:Special:CreateObject|create functions]] that you find useful, or [[:f:Wikifunctions:Suggest a function|ask for help from the Wikifunctions community]]. We would like to invite you to contribute to Wikifunctions, by translating the existing functions labels into your language, so that more users in your community can more easily reuse them on the project. You can also translate the messages for the Wikifunctions interface on TranslateWiki ([https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&group=ext-wikilambda-ve&filter=%21translated&action=translate here for VisualEditor messages], and [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&group=ext-wikilambda-user&filter=%21translated&action=translate here for the Wikifunctions interface proper]). Of course, we are happy to help in case there are questions or difficulties, and we are ready to listen to your feedback. Please ping me directly in case of necessity or reach out to me [[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|on my talk page]]. <section end="Message"/> </div> --[[User:Sannita (WMF)|Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:22, 29 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :Hi all, unfortunately due to a technical problem we couldn't deploy Wikifunctions on your project. We will keep you updated about the next date of deployment. Thanks for your comprehension! [[User:Sannita (WMF)|Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:57, 6 Nuwamba, 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Community Portal]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Sannita_(WMF)/Mass_sending_test&oldid=29517140 --> == Neman masu sa kai don shiga da dama daga cikin kwamitocin motsi. == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Kowace shekara, yawanci daga Oktoba zuwa Disamba, da yawa daga cikin kwamitocin motsi suna neman sabbin masu sa kai. Kara karantawa game da kwamitocin akan shafukansu na Meta-wiki: * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee|Kwamitin Alaƙa (AffCom)]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ombuds commission|Hukumar Ombuds (OC)]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Community Resilience and Sustainability/Trust and Safety/Case Review Committee|Kwamitin Binciken Harka (CRC)]] Aikace-aikacen kwamitocin suna buɗe 30 Oktoba 2025. Aikace-aikace don Kwamitin Alaƙa, da kuma aikace-aikacen Hukumar Ombuds kuma Kwamitin Binciken Harka ya rufe 11 Disamba 2025. Koyi yadda ake nema ta [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Committee appointments|ziyartar shafin alƙawari akan Meta-wiki]]. Aika zuwa shafin magana ko imel cst[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org tare da kowace tambaya da kuke da ita. Ga Tawagar Taimakon Kwamitin, <section end="announcement-content" /> -[[m:User:MKaur (WMF)| MKaur (WMF)]] 14:12, 30 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Community Portal]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:MKaur (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29517125 --> == Sanarwa da neman goyon baya ko shawara == Assalamu Alaikum, Yan'uwa editocin Wikipedia, dafatan kuna lafiya, ina amfani da wannan damar domin na sanar da ku shirin mu na Wikipedia birthday @ 25 karkashin Kaduna Network, shirin zai taimaka wajen bunƙasa wasu daga cikin makalolin Hausa Wikipedia da sauran su, dafatan zaku bamu goyon baya da haɗin kai [[User:Halima Waziri|Halima Waziri]] ([[User talk:Halima Waziri|talk]]) 19:10, 30 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == Duplicate articles == Hello, this would be entirely in English as I do not speak or understand Hausa. These two articles are about the same topic, and I think they could be merged together: [[Ganuwar Benin]] and [[Benin Moat]]. I will suggest merging the contents of [[Ganuwar Benin]] into [[Benin Moat]] or whichever works best. Pinging editors who I think could handle this, anyone else could: {{ping|Uncle Bash007|Muhammad Idriss Criteria|Gwanki|Pharouqenr}} Thank you, and happy editing! [[User:Vanderwaalforces|Vanderwaalforces]] ([[User talk:Vanderwaalforces|talk]]) 07:18, 31 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) :Thank you @[[User:Vanderwaalforces|Vanderwaalforces]] i have noticed it, and [[Ganuwar Benin]] is more reliable than [[Benin Moat]]. So i have deleted [[Benin Moat]] now. And thank you for reaching out and wishing you all the best. :<nowiki></nowiki> [[User:Pharouqenr|<span style="color:orange; font-size:130%; font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Captain Pharouq</span>]] 07:30, 31 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) ::@[[User:Pharouqenr|Pharouqenr]] You could redirect [[Benin Moat]] to [[Ganuwar Benin]], since it is more or less the English name, instead of nuking it entirely. ::Happy editing! [[User:Vanderwaalforces|Vanderwaalforces]] ([[User talk:Vanderwaalforces|talk]]) 07:31, 31 Oktoba 2025 (UTC) == Sanarwa, akan Zamar Karshen shekara a Gombe Network == Muna sanar da jama'ar mu chewa Wikimedia User Group Nigeria, Gombe Network, tana kokarin neman tallafi na gudanar da zaman karshen shekara don kara sanayya da fihimta game da shiryeshiryen mu na shekara mai zuwa [[User:Umar2z|Umar2z]] ([[User talk:Umar2z|talk]]) 21:36, 14 Nuwamba, 2025 (UTC) == Neman admin akaro na biyu == {{Atop|Akwai goyon baya –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 20:21, 22 Disamba 2025 (UTC)}} Ina neman goyon bayanku domkn kasancewa admin akaro na biyu domin cigaba da tabbatar da ayyuka na gari da kuma bada gudumuwa ta hanyar taimakon editoci. [[User:Ibrahim abusufyan|Ibrahim abusufyan]] ([[User talk:Ibrahim abusufyan|talk]]) 10:52, 2 Nuwamba, 2025 (UTC) ===Support=== #'''Support''' Tabbas ina goyon baya sosai. Hakan zai kawo cigaba sosai a Wikipedia [[User:Pharouqenr|<span style="color:orange; font-size:130%; font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Captain Pharouq</span>]] 11:07, 2 Nuwamba, 2025 (UTC) #'''Support''' Haƙiƙa wannan edita ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin editocin dake ƙoƙarin bunƙasa shafukan Hausa Wikipedia, tabbas sake ba shi wannan damar wata babbar nasara ce ta cigaba da tsaftace maƙalolin dake Hausa Wikipedia tare da inganta su dan haka ina goyon baya. [[User:Mahuta|Mahuta]] ([[User talk:Mahuta|talk]]) 11:15, 2 Nuwamba, 2025 (UTC) #'''Goyan baya''' Ina mai goyan bayan ba ka damar mai gudanarwa a karo na biyu, duba da hakan zai taimaka wajen kara kawo cigaba da ma tsaftace Hausa Wikipedia. [[User:BnHamid|BnHamid]] ([[User talk:BnHamid|talk]]) # Ina Goyan bayan hakan Dari bisa Dari domin cigaban Wikipedia [[User:Khalifah123|Khalifah123]] ([[User talk:Khalifah123|talk]]) 23:27, 2 Nuwamba, 2025 (UTC) {{Abot}} == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Reminder: Help us decide the name of the new Abstract Wikipedia project</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="function2"/> {{int:Hello}}. Reminder: Please help to choose name for the new Abstract Wikipedia wiki project. The finalist vote starts today. The finalists for the name are: <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Abstract Wikipedia, Multilingual Wikipedia, Wikiabstracts, Wikigenerator, Proto-Wiki</span>. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} <section end="function2"/> </div> -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:22, 20 Nuwamba, 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Community Portal]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29583860 --> == Neman Zama Admin Ƙaro Na Biyu == {{Archive top|Akwai goyon baya. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 20:48, 15 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC)}} Assalamu alaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh. Ina fatan kuna cikin ƙushien lafiya. Enah Wannan rubutu nawa ne domin sake gabatar da buƙatata karo na biyu na samun damar zama Admin a Hausa Wikipedia. A baya na riga na gabatar da irin wannan buƙata, kuma a wannan karo ina ƙara jaddada sha’awata da ƙudirin da nake da shi na ci gaba da yi wa Hausa Wikipedia hidima. Na dade ina ba da gudunmawa ta hanyar ƙirƙira, gyarawa da inganta muƙaloli, tare da taimakawa sababbin masu gyara su fahimci ka’idoji da tsarin aikin Wikipedia. Ina da cikakken shiri da niyyar ɗaukar nauyin da ke tattare da matsayin Admin, musamman wajen kula da muƙaloli, da dakile masu lalata muƙala, da tabbatar da ingancin bayanai a Hausa Wikipedia. Ina roƙon Editors din Hausa Wikipedia da su sake duba wannan buƙata ta tare da ni, tare da ba ni wannan dama idan sun ga na cancanta. Zan yi farin cikin karɓar duk wata shawara ko gyara da za ta taimaka wajen inganta aikina Nagode. [[User:Smshika|Smshika]] ([[User talk:Smshika|talk]]) 09:46, 29 Disamba 2025 (UTC) :Ni [[User:Umar-askira| Umar-askira]] ina mai goyon bayan ka domin zama admin a Hausa Wikipedia saboda jajurcewar ka wajen inganta rubutan Hausa a manhajar Hausa Wikipedia. Fatan Allah ya bada nasara ameen. [[User:Umar-askira|Umar-askira]] ([[User talk:Umar-askira|talk]]) 17:23, 8 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC) ===Support=== #ina goyon baya ɗari bisa ɗari domin zai kawo cigaba sosai a Wikipedia [[User:Nnamadee|Nnamadee]] ([[User talk:Nnamadee|talk]]) 20:42, 29 Disamba 2025 (UTC) #Ina goyon baya sosai... hakan zai kawo cigaba [[User:Pharouqenr|<span style="color:orange; font-size:130%; font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Captain Pharouq</span>]] 20:49, 29 Disamba 2025 (UTC) # enah goyan bayan kazama Admin karo nabiyi sabo da jajir cewanka [[User:Hauwa&#39;u lawal ardo|Hauwa&#39;u lawal ardo]] ([[User talk:Hauwa&#39;u lawal ardo|talk]]) 21:06, 29 Disamba 2025 (UTC) #Kasancewar ka edita mai bada gudummawa a kusan koda yaushe, ina goyon baya domin sake baka damar zai ƙara bunƙasa maƙalolin Hausa Wikipedia [[User:Mahuta|Mahuta]] ([[User talk:Mahuta|talk]]) 22:07, 29 Disamba 2025 (UTC) # Ina goyon Bayan ka sake Zama admin a karo na biyu saboda jajircewar ka Hakan Zai Kara kawo cigaba sosae[[User:Aisha Yahuza|Aisha Yahuza]] ([[User talk:Aisha Yahuza|talk]]) 22:14, 29 Disamba 2025 # ina goyon baya ɗari bisa ɗari domin zai kawo cigaba sosai a Wikipedia domin yana kawo wa [[User:Umar A Muhammad|Umar A Muhammad]] ([[User talk:Umar A Muhammad|talk]]) 05:16, 30 Disamba 2025 (UTC) # enah goyan bayanka kazama Admin karo na biyu sabo da ƙoƙarin da kake yi [[User:Asma,u Khamis hussaini|Asma,u Khamis hussaini]] ([[User talk:Asma,u Khamis hussaini|talk]]) 17:20, 8 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC) # enah goyon bayan kazama Admin [[User:Ifteehern|Ifteehern]] ([[User talk:Ifteehern|talk]]) 17:25, 8 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC) #[[User:Abdulrahman tahir shika|Abdulrahman tahir shika]] ([[User talk:Abdulrahman tahir shika|talk]]) 17:29, 8 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC)ina goyon baya sosai sabida zaikawo muna cigaba sosai [[User:Abdulrahman tahir shika|Abdulrahman tahir shika]] ([[User talk:Abdulrahman tahir shika|talk]]) 17:29, 8 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC) #Ina goyon baya, Allah ya bada Sa'a [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 17:30, 8 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC) # ina goyan bayan kazama admin a karo na biyu saboda jajir cewarka [[User:Fateemah usman|Fateemah usman]] ([[User talk:Fateemah usman|talk]]) 17:42, 8 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC) # Ina goyan bayan kasancewar ka a matsayin mai gudanarwa a karo na biyu a sakamakon irin jajircewa da gudummawar da kake bayarwa domin tsaftace shafin Hausa Wikipedia. [[User:A Sulaiman Z|A Sulaiman Z]] ([[User talk:A Sulaiman Z|talk]]) 18:22, 8 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC) # Ina goyon bayan sake dawowar ka... Allah ya taimaka. [[User:Jidda3711|Jidda3711]] ([[User talk:Jidda3711|talk]]) 18:30, 8 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC) {{Abot}} == Neman Admin a karo na biyu == {{Archive top|Akwai goyon baya –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 20:47, 15 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC)}} Assslamu Alaikum, ina neman goyon bayanku domin kasancewa mai gudanarwa a karo na biyu domin tantance ayyuka, da kuma bada tallafi ga sabbin editoci. [[User:Saifullahi AS|Saifullahi AS]] ([[User talk:Saifullahi AS|talk]]) 10:00, 6 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC) === Support === #Ina goyon byan hakan domin zai kawo cigaba a wikipedia [[User:Ibrahim abusufyan|Ibrahim abusufyan]] ([[User talk:Ibrahim abusufyan|talk]]) 18:13, 6 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC) #ina mai goyon bayen hakan domin hakan zai kawo cigaba gaba sosai a wikipedia [[User:Mahmud maby|Mahmud maby]] ([[User talk:Mahmud maby|talk]]) 21:11, 6 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC) #[[User:Abusule dankofa|Abusule dankofa]] ([[User talk:Abusule dankofa|talk]]) 22:03, 6 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC)ina Mai goyan bayan hakan #ina gonyon baya dari bisa dari dan zai kawo kawo cigaba a Wikipedia [[User:Muhdavdullahi|Muhdavdullahi]] ([[User talk:Muhdavdullahi|talk]]) 22:06, 6 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC) # ina mai bada goyon baya dari bisa dari akan wannan domin zai kawo cigaba sosai. [[User:Abdoulmerlic|Abdoulmerlic]] ([[User talk:Abdoulmerlic|talk]]) #'''Support''', duba da irin gudunmawarka a ko yaushe, hakan zai kawo cigaba wajen ciyar da Hausa Wikipedia gaba. [[User:BnHamid|BnHamid]] ([[User talk:BnHamid|talk]]) # Ina goyon baya Dari bisa Dari [[User:Sardeeq|Sardeeq]] ([[User talk:Sardeeq|talk]]) 11:49, 7 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC) # Ina goyon baya sosai.... [[User:Pharouqenr|<span style="color:orange; font-size:130%; font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Captain Pharouq</span>]] 12:35, 7 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC) # Ina goyon bayan ɗari bisa ɗari [[User:Nnamadee|Nnamadee]] ([[User talk:Nnamadee|talk]]) 12:41, 7 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC) # [[User:Khalifah123|Khalifah123]] ([[User talk:Khalifah123|talk]]) Ina Goyan bayan hakan domin zaya kawo cigaba a Wikipedia [[User:Khalifah123|Khalifah123]] ([[User talk:Khalifah123|talk]]) #[[User:Abdulrahman tahir shika|Abdulrahman tahir shika]] ([[User talk:Abdulrahman tahir shika|talk]]) 17:24, 8 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC)ina goyon baya Dari bisa dari zaikawo muna cigaba sosai [[User:Abdulrahman tahir shika|Abdulrahman tahir shika]] ([[User talk:Abdulrahman tahir shika|talk]]) 17:24, 8 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC) # ina gonyan baya dari bisa Dari kazamu admin Dan kawo cigaba a Wikipedia [[User:Fateemah usman|Fateemah usman]] ([[User talk:Fateemah usman|talk]]) 17:33, 8 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC) # Ina goyon baya –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 08:49, 9 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC) #'''SUPPORT'''...Ina goyon bayan wannan Kuduri [[User:Ibkt|Ibkt]] ([[User talk:Ibkt|talk]]) 13:45, 11 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC) {{Abot}} == Sanarwa == Muna sanar da al’ummar Hausa Wikipedia game da shirin '''Celebrating International Women’s Day Through The Wikimedia Projects 2026''', wanda ke da nufin ƙarfafa wakilcin mata da haɓaka gudunmawar su a ayyukan Wikimedia, musamman a harshen Hausa. Muna maraba da ra’ayoyi da shawarwari daga al’umma. [[User:Sirjat|Sirjat]] ([[User talk:Sirjat|talk]]) 11:20, 8 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC) == ==Logo don murnar cikar Wikipedia shekaru 25== {{Atop|Akwai goyon baya. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 16:18, 22 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC)}} [[File:WP25 potential birthday logo-ha.svg|link=|thumb|right|280px|Logon murnar cikar Wikipedia shekaru 25]] A cikin wannan watan Wikipedia ke cika shekaru ashirin da biyar da kafuwa. Inason yin amfani da wannan lokaci domin taya daukacin editocin Hausa Wikipedia murnar cikar wannan shekaru. Wannan babbar nasara ce garemu baki daya. Saboda murnar wannan lokacin, ina son mu canza logon mu domin taya Wikipedia murna. A nan gefe zaku iya ganin sabon hoton logon murnar, wanda aka fassara da Hausa daga logon Turanci wanda Gidauniyar Wikimedia ta bada saboda murnar zagayowar lokacin. Idan kuna goyon bayan haka sai ku rubuta a nan ƙasa. [[User:Saifullahi AS|Saifullahi AS]] ([[User talk:Saifullahi AS|talk]]) 09:03, 10 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC) === Support === # Ina goyon baya sosai domin taya Wikipedia murnar cika shekaru 25. [[User:Nassmart1|Nassmart1]] ([[User talk:Nassmart1|talk]]) 18:49, 10 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC) # Ina goyon baya. Fatan nasara [[User:Pharouqenr|<span style="color:orange; font-size:130%; font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Captain Pharouq</span>]] 08:49, 11 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC) # Yayi kyau, ina goyon baya. –[[User:Ammarpad|Ammarpad]] ([[User talk:Ammarpad|talk]]) 09:00, 11 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC) #'''Support''' ina goyon baya [[User:Ibkt|Ibkt]] ([[User talk:Ibkt|talk]]) 13:49, 11 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC) # Ina goyon baya sosai, ina kuma taya Wikipedia murnar cika shekaru 25. [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 05:41, 15 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC) #Ina goyon Baya domin taya Wikipedia murnar cika shekara 25[[User:Muhdavdullahi|Muhdavdullahi]] ([[User talk:Muhdavdullahi|talk]]) 13:33, 18 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC) {{Abot}} == SANARWA TARE DA NEMAN GOYON BAYA == Assalamu alailum, inaso nayi amfani da wannan damar domin na shaida maku muna shirin gudanar da taron Wikipedia a jihar Niger insha Allah, wanda shirin zai bunƙasa shafukan Wikipedia da kuma yan'uwanta, sannan shirin zai bunƙasa samar da sabbin esitoci a Hausa Wikipedia. Allah ya bamu sa'a da nasara [[User:Umar A Muhammad|Umar A Muhammad]] ([[User talk:Umar A Muhammad|talk]]) 12:26, 11 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC) == Neman Zama Admin A Hausa Wikipedia == Assalamu Alaikum editoci masu albarka,fatan muna cikin koshin lafiya Allah yasa haka ne amin. Ina mai amfani da wannan damar domin sanar daku da neman goyon bayanku game da kasancewa na admin a manhajar Hausa Wikipedia. In a fatan mu cigaba da kasancewa lafiya amin ya Rabbal alamin. Bissalam. [[User:Umar-askira|Umar-askira]] ([[User talk:Umar-askira|talk]]) 10:52, 13 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC) === Support === # Ina goyon baya.. Allah ya bada Sa'a [[User:Jidda3711|Jidda3711]] ([[User talk:Jidda3711|talk]]) 16:05, 14 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC) # Ina goyon baya. I support [[User:Anasysmart|Anasysmart]] ([[User talk:Anasysmart|talk]]) 07:12, 15 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC) # Ina goyan baya 100% ..Allah ya taimaka [[User:Saudarh2|Saudarh2]] ([[User talk:Saudarh2|talk]]) 09:59, 15 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC) # enah goyon bayanka kazama Admin sbd jajircewanka a Hausa Wikipedia [[User:Smshika|Smshika]] ([[User talk:Smshika|talk]]) 10:14, 15 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC) == Sanarwa == assalamualaikum Barka da wannan lokaci shuwagabanni da ƴan uwa na editors, Ina sanar da ku cewa zan rubuta proposal game da '''Local Health Knowledge for All: Building Hausa Medical Content on Wikipedia Hausaal Local Health Knowledge for All: Building Hausa Medical Content on Wikipedia Hausa'''. Idan akwai shawarwari ko ƙarin bayani a shirye nake da yin amfani da su. Nagode sosai. @[[User:M Bash Ne|M Bash Ne]] ([[User talk:M Bash Ne|talk]]) 20:22, 15 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC) muna goyan bayan sa saboda jajir ciwar shi [[User:Musa650|Musa650]] ([[User talk:Musa650|talk]]) 07:19, 16 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC) == Thank You for Last Year – Join Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 == Dear Wikimedia communities, We hope you are doing well, and we wish you a happy New Year. ''Last year, we captured light. This year, we’ll capture legacy.'' In 2025, communities around the world shared the glow of Ramadan nights and the warmth of collective iftars. In 2026, ''Wiki Loves Ramadan'' is expanding, bringing more stories, more cultures, and deeper global connections across Wikimedia projects. We invite you to explore the ''Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026'' [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Meta page]] to learn how you can participate and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026/Participating communities|sign up]] your community. 📷 ''Photo campaign on '' [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Wikimedia Commons]] If you have questions about the project, please refer to the FAQs: * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ/|Meta-Wiki]] * [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ|Wikimedia Commons]] ''Early registration for updates is now open via the '''[[m:Special:RegisterForEvent/2710|Event page]]''''' ''Stay connected and receive updates:'' * [https://t.me/WikiLovesRamadan Telegram channel] * [https://lists.wikimedia.org/postorius/lists/wikilovesramadan.lists.wikimedia.org/ Mailing list] We look forward to collaborating with you and your community. '''The Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 Organizing Team''' 19:44, 16 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Community Portal]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29879549 --> == Sanarwa da neman goyon baya == Barkann mu da wannan lokacin yan'uwana editoci, muna shirin gudanar da wani taro nan bada jimawa ba a jihar Plateau, dan haka nake sanar da ku tare da neman shawarwarin ku da kuma goyon bayan ku, Nagode [[User:Abdulmuddalib Iabrahim Salisu|Abdulmuddalib Iabrahim Salisu]] ([[User talk:Abdulmuddalib Iabrahim Salisu|talk]]) 20:25, 17 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC) == Feminism and Folklore 2026 starts soon == <div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;"> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2026 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]] ::<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div style="text-align: center; width: 100%;">''{{int:please-translate}}''</div> ;Invitation to Organize Feminism and Folklore 2026 Dear Wiki Community, We are pleased to invite Wikimedia communities, affiliates, and independent contributors to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026]]''' writing competition on your local Wikipedia. The international campaign will run from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and aims to improve coverage of feminism, women’s histories, gender-related topics, and folk culture across Wikipedia projects. ;About the Campaign '''Feminism and Folklore''' is a global writing initiative that complements the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2026|Wiki Loves Folklore]]''' photography competition. While Wiki Loves Folklore focuses on visual documentation, this writing campaign addresses the '''gender gap on Wikipedia''' by improving encyclopedic content related to folk culture and marginalized voices. ;What Can Participants Write About? Communities can contribute by creating, expanding, or translating articles related to: * Folk festivals, rituals, and celebrations * Folk dances, music, and traditional performances * Women and queer figures in folklore * Women in mythology and oral traditions * Women warriors, witches, and witch-hunting narratives * Fairy tales, folk stories, and legends * Folk games, sports, and cultural practices Participants may work from curated article lists or generate new article suggestions using campaign tools. ;How to Sign Up as an Organizer Organizers are requested to complete the following steps to register their community: # Create a local project page on your wiki [[:m:Feminism and Folklore/Sample|(see sample)]] # Set up the campaign using the '''CampWiz''' tool # Prepare a local article list and clearly mention: #* Campaign timeline #* Local and international prizes # Request a site notice from local administrators [[:mr:Template:SN-FNF|(see sample)]] # Add your local project page and CampWiz link to the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta project page]]''' ;Campaign Tools The Wiki Loves Folklore Tech Team has introduced tools to support organizers and participants: * '''Article List Generator by Topic''' – Helps identify articles available on English Wikipedia but missing in your local language Wikipedia. The tool allows customized filters and provides downloadable article lists in CSV and wikitable formats. * '''CampWiz''' – Enables communities to manage writing campaigns effectively, including jury-based evaluation. This will be the third year CampWiz is officially used for Feminism and Folklore. Both tools are now available for use in the campaign. '''[https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/ Click here to access the tools]''' ;Learn More & Get Support For detailed information about rules, timelines, and prizes, please visit the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 project page]]'''. If you have any questions or need assistance, feel free to reach out via: * '''[[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta talk page]]''' * Email us using details on the contact page. ;Join Us We look forward to your collaboration and coordination in making Feminism and Folklore 2026 a meaningful and impactful campaign for closing gender gaps and enriching folk culture content on Wikipedia. Thank you and best wishes, '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 International Team]]''' ---- ''Stay connected:'' [[File:B&W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&nbsp; [[File:B&W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]] </div></div> == Invitation to Host Wiki Loves Folklore 2026 in Your Country == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div style="text-align: center; width: 100%;">''{{int:please-translate}}''</div> [[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]] Hello everyone, We are delighted to invite Wikimedia affiliates, user groups, and community organizations worldwide to participate in '''Wiki Loves Folklore 2026''', an international initiative dedicated to documenting and celebrating folk culture across the globe. ;About Wiki Loves Folklore '''Wiki Loves Folklore''' is an annual international photography competition hosted on Wikimedia Commons. The campaign runs from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and encourages photographers, cultural enthusiasts, and community members to contribute photographs that highlight: * Folk traditions and rituals * Cultural festivals and celebrations * Traditional attire and crafts * Performing arts, music, and dance * Everyday practices rooted in folk heritage Through this campaign, we aim to preserve and promote diverse folk cultures and make them freely accessible to the world. [[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026|Project page on Wikimedia Commons]] ; Host a Local Edition As we celebrate the '''eight edition''' of Wiki Loves Folklore, we warmly invite communities to organize a local edition in their country or region. Hosting a local campaign is a great opportunity to: * Increase visibility of your region’s folk culture * Engage new contributors in your community * Enrich Wikimedia Commons with high-quality cultural content '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026/Organize|Sign up to organize]]:''' If your team prefers to organize the competition in ''either February or March only'', please feel free to let us know. If you are unable to organize, we encourage you to share this opportunity with other interested groups or organizations in your region. ;Get in Touch If you have any questions, need support, or would like to explore collaboration opportunities, please feel free to contact us via: * The project Talk pages * Email: '''support@wikilovesfolklore.org''' We are also happy to connect via an online meeting if your team would like to discuss planning or coordination in more detail. Warm regards, '''The Wiki Loves Folklore International Team''' </div> [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 13:21, 18 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Community Portal]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=29228188 --> == Bitar shekara-shekara na Universal Code of Conduct da Ka’idojin Aiwatarwa == <section begin="announcement-content" /> Ina rubuto maka ne domin sanar da kai cewa an buɗe lokacin bitar shekara-shekara na Universal Code of Conduct da Ka’idojin Aiwtarwa. Kana iya ba da shawarwari kan sauye-sauye har zuwa 9 ga Fabrairu, 2026. Wannan shi ne mataki na farko cikin jerin matakai da za a ɗauka domin bitar shekara-shekara. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2026|Karanta ƙarin bayani kuma ka samu tattaunawa da za ka shiga a shafin UCoC a Meta]]. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Kwamitin Daidaita Aiwatar da Universal Code of Conduct]] (U4C) wata ƙungiya ce ta duniya da ta sadaukar da kai wajen tabbatar da adalci da daidaitaccen aiwatar da UCoC. Wannan bitar shekara-shekara an tsara ta kuma an aiwatar da ita ne ta hannun U4C. Don samun ƙarin bayani da kuma fahimtar nauyin da ke kan U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|kana iya duba Kundin Tsarin U4C]]. Da fatan za a raba wannan bayanin zuwa ga wasu mambobi a cikin al'ummarku inda ya dace. -- A cikin haɗin gwiwa da U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|tattaunawa]])<section end="announcement-content" /> 21:01, 19 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Community Portal]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29905753 --> == Sanarwa game da shirin kaddamar da project na WikiFemme Learning Lab in Bauchi == Assalamu alaikum, Muna sanar da fara aikin WikiFemme Learning Lab In Bauchi, wani aikin Rapid Fund daga Wikimedia Community Fund da ke nufin ƙarfafa mata su shiga cikin ayyukan Wikimedia, musamman Wikipedia. Aikin zai ba da horo da tallafi don mata su koyi gyara da ƙirƙirar abubuwan ilimi, tare da rage gibi a wakilcin mata a cikin abun da ke kan Wikipedia. Muna gayyatar al’umma su ba da shawarwari da goyon baya domin tabbatar da nasarar wannan aiki da ƙara tasirinsa a Bauchi da kewaye. Na gode. [[User:Santa MMD|Santa MMD]] ([[User talk:Santa MMD|talk]]) 22:02, 27 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC) == Saving the Knowledge of Endangered Hausa Expressions and Idioms Through Wikimedia Projects == Ina farin cikin sanar da ku cewa da shuwagabanni da ƴan uwa Editors na wannan manhajar cewa, zamu rubuta proposal game da "'''Saving the Knowledge of Endangered Hausa Expressions and Idioms Through Wikimedia Projects'''" muna neman goyon baya da kuma shawarwarin ku, Nagode sosai.@[[User:M Bash Ne|M Bash Ne]] ([[User talk:M Bash Ne|talk]]) 22:19, 29 ga Janairu, 2026 (UTC) == Lafiyar mata a shafin Hausa Wikipedia == Assalamu Alaikum sanunku da warhaka, ina shirya neman Wikimedia Rapid Fund don aiki a kan inganta **bayanan lafiyar mata a shafin Hausa Wikipedia**. Aikin, *"Bridging Women’s Health Knowledge in Hausa,"* zai ƙunshi fassara labarai masu kyau daga Wikipedia ta Ingilishi zuwa Hausa, wanda ya shafi batutuwa kamar lafiyar uwa, lafiyar haila, lafiyar haihuwa, da cututtukan da ke shafar mata. Muna kuma shirin ɗaukar nauyin horo ta hanyar intanet da kuma aikin editing don tallafawa sabbin editoci da ƙwararru wajen koyon yadda ake fassara da inganta abubuwan lafiya ta amfani da nassoshi masu inganci. Wannan shiri zai faɗaɗa samun ingantattun bayanai game da lafiya a cikin Hausa Wikipedia musamman ga mata, sa' anan zai rage gibin ilimi da ke da alaƙa da lafiyar mata, da kuma ƙarfafa janyo sabin edtoci zuwa shiga cikin al'ummar Hausa Wikimedia. Muna maraba da ra'ayoyin al'umma kan batutuwa masu mahimmanci, sha'awar shiga a matsayin edita ko mai ba da shawara, da duk wani shawarwari da za su iya taimakawa wajen inganta wannan aiki. Ra'ayoyinku za su taimaka wajen tabbatar da cewa aikin ya cika buƙatun al'umma kuma yana da tasiri mai ma'ana. [[User:Umabruka|Umabruka]] ([[User talk:Umabruka|talk]]) 20:54, 1 ga Faburairu, 2026 (UTC) == Shirye shiryen taron Women and Culture Awareness in Nigeria 2026 == Assalamu Alaikum ina farin cikin sanar daku cewa muna shirye shiryen gudanar da gasa da kuma taro akan wayar da kai game da Mata da kuma al'adu a Najeriya. [[User:Nassmart1|Nassmart1]] ([[User talk:Nassmart1|talk]]) 11:26, 7 ga Faburairu, 2026 (UTC) == Neman Zama Admin A Hausa Wikipedia == Assalamu Alaikum, ina neman goyon bayanku domin kasancewa mai gudanarwa domin tantance ayyuka, da kuma bada tallafi ga sabbin editoci a wannan manhaja ta Hausa Wikipedia.[[User:Nnamadee|Nnamadee]] ([[User talk:Nnamadee|talk]]) 22:49, 7 ga Faburairu, 2026 (UTC) ===Support=== #Ina goyon baya sosai. Fatan nasara [[User:Pharouqenr|<span style="color:orange; font-size:130%; font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Captain Pharouq</span>]] 23:05, 7 ga Faburairu, 2026 (UTC) # enah goyon bayan kazama Admin [[User:Smshika|Smshika]] ([[User talk:Smshika|talk]]) 04:45, 8 ga Faburairu, 2026 (UTC) #:ina Mai goyon Baya Dari bisa Dari[[User:Muhdavdullahi|Muhdavdullahi]] ([[User talk:Muhdavdullahi|talk]]) 05:08, 8 ga Faburairu, 2026 (UTC) #Ina goyon bayan zaman wannan ƙwararren edita ya zama admin a Hausa Wikipedia, domin ina da tabbacin zai taimaka da ƙara bunƙasa maƙalolin da ke Hausa Wikipedia tare da samar da sabbin maƙaƙolin, dan haka ina hoyon baya [[User:Mahuta|Mahuta]] ([[User talk:Mahuta|talk]]) 05:11, 8 ga Faburairu, 2026 # Ina Matugar Nuna goyon baya akan hakan [[Musamman:Contributions/&#126;2026-85864-0|&#126;2026-85864-0]] ([[Tattaunawar user:&#126;2026-85864-0|talk]]) <span style=" color:Green ; font-size:130%; font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Muktee1494</span> # ina goyon baya don inganta wikipedia[[User:Ibrahim abusufyan|Ibrahim abusufyan]] ([[User talk:Ibrahim abusufyan|talk]]) 06:31, 8 ga Faburairu, 2026 (UTC) # Ina goyon baya don kwazo day jajircewar wannan edita[[User:Aisha Yahuza|Aisha Yahuza]] ([[User talk:Aisha Yahuza|talk]]) 08:19, 8 ga Faburairu, 2026 (UTC) #inagoyon baya dari bisa dari Allah yataimaka[[User:Sardeeq|Sardeeq]] ([[User talk:Sardeeq|talk]]) 21:36, 9 ga Faburairu, 2026 (UTC) == Wikimedia knowledge sharing in America University of Nigeria == Assalamu alaikum jama,a naxo ne domin in sanar da ku cewa na shirya wani aiki da zai wayar da kan jama'a game da harkar Wikimedia a Jami'ar Amurka ta Najeriya. Dake garin Adamawa Aikin yana da nufin wayar da kan jama'a game da ayyukan Wikimedia da horar da sabbin editoci kan yadda za su ba da gudummawa ga ayyukan Wikimedia. Ina neman goyon bayanku da shawarwarinku domin samun nasarar aikin. na gode. [[User:Baby juuu|Baby juuu]] ([[User talk:Baby juuu|talk]]) 15:16, 9 ga Faburairu, 2026 (UTC) :Sannu da kokari, amma babu cikakken bayani game da aikin dan haka bamu san wacce irin shawara zamu bayar ba. Nagode [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 13:19, 15 ga Faburairu, 2026 (UTC) == Campaign in Diseases and Public Health in Nigeria == assalamu alaikum muna sanar maku da fara shirye shiryen campaign mai suna Diseases and Public Health in Nigeria [[User:Ibrahim abusufyan|Ibrahim abusufyan]] ([[User talk:Ibrahim abusufyan|talk]]) 11:00, 10 ga Faburairu, 2026 (UTC) :Wa'alaika Assalam @[[User:Ibrahim abusufyan|Ibrahim abusufyan]], Ko zamu iya samun ƙarin bayani game da gangamin? Yana da kyau a rinka saka cikakken bayani saboda kada a samu hadaka wajen gudanar da irin wannan aikin. Nagode [[User:Gwanki|<b style="color:#FF00FF">Gwanki</b>]][[User talk:Gwanki|<sup style="color:#800000">(Yi Min Magana)</sup>]] 13:21, 15 ga Faburairu, 2026 (UTC) ::@[[User:Gwanki|Gwanki]] An dakatar da maganar wannan aiki sai nan gaba. [[User:Pharouqenr|<span style="color:orange; font-size:130%; font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Captain Pharouq</span>]] 14:23, 17 ga Faburairu, 2026 (UTC) == Wiki For Indigenous Games: Documenting Traditional Hausa Games == Assalamualaikum Barka da wannan lokaci shuwagabanni da ƴan uwana editoci na wannan manhajar, ina mai sanar da ku cewa zan rubuta proposal mai taken '''Wiki for Indigenous Games: Documenting Traditional Hausa Games'''. Ina mai neman goyon bayan ku da shawarwarin ku.Nagode@[[User:Salahu Gwanki|Salahu Gwanki]] ([[User talk:Salahu Gwanki|talk]]) 18:39, 15 ga Faburairu, 2026 (UTC) == Taron Infectious Diseases and Public Health in Nigeria on Hausa Wikipedia == Assalamu alaikum muna sanar maku da fara shirye shiryen campaign mai suna Diseases and Public Health in Nigeria. Domin ingantawa da kuma kirkirar mukalu da suka shafi fannin lafiya. [[User:Ibrahim abusufyan|Ibrahim abusufyan]] ([[User talk:Ibrahim abusufyan|talk]]) 15:54, 12 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC) == Shirye shiryen taron Women and Culture Awareness in Nigeria 2026 == Assalamu Alaikum ina farin cikin sanar daku cewa muna shirye shiryen gudanar da gasa da kuma taro akan wayar da kai game da Mata da kuma al'adu a Najeriya. [[User:Nassmart1|Nassmart1]] ([[User talk:Nassmart1|talk]]) 16:47, 12 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC) == Taron karawa juna sani na administrators == Assalam, Ina mai farin cikin sanarwa cewa zamu gudanar da taron karawa juna sani na masu kula da shafukan Hausa Wikipedia don kara gogewa game da ayyukan kula da shafukan Wikipedia. Wannan taro zai nunawa admin muhimmancin aikinsu musamman a wannan lokaci da bayanan karya ke da saukin yaduwa. Bissalam. [[User:Uncle Bash007|Patroller>>]] 16:30, 13 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC) == Building Wikidata Skills Among Emerging Wikimedians in Kano State == Assalaalaikum, Barka da wannan lokaci ƴan uwana editoci da shuwagabannin wannan manhajar ta Hausa Wikipedia, inama kowa fatan alheri. Bayan haka, ina farin cikin sanar da ku cewa zamu rubuta proposal game da '''Building Wikidata Skills Among Emerging Wikimedians in Kano State''' insha Allahu. Muna neman shawarwarin ku da neman goyon bayan ku, da kuma ƙarin haske ko bayani. Nagode sosai, Sanarwa daga @[[User:M Bash Ne|M Bash Ne]] ([[User talk:M Bash Ne|talk]]) 15:59, 14 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC) == Sanarwa == Assalamu alaikum ƴan'uwa masu albarka, ina amfani da wannan damar domin sanar da ku shirin mu na gudanar da taro a makarantun gaba da secondary a Daura, wannan wannan shirin insha Allah zai buƙasa maƙalolin Hausa Wikipedia, Wikidata, sanya hotuna masu inganci uwa uba tare da samar da sabbin editoci masu sa kai a shafukan Hausa Wikipedia da ƴan'uwanta, ina neman goyon bayan ku. Na gode daga Yusuf Sa'adu [[User:Mahuta|Mahuta]] ([[User talk:Mahuta|talk]]) 11:11, 16 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Migration to Parsoid</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> <em>[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Product and Technology/Parsoid Read Views/Read View Announcement|Read this in another language]]</em> Hello everyone! I am glad to inform you that as the next step in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification|Parser Unification]] project, Parsoid will soon be turned on as the default article renderer on your wiki. We are gradually increasing the number of wikis using Parsoid, with the intention of making it the default wikitext parser for MediaWiki's next long-term support release. This will make our wikis more reliable and consistent for editors, readers, and tools to use, as well as making the development of future wikitext features easier. If this disrupts your workflow, don’t worry! You can still opt out through a user preference or turn Parsoid off on the current page using the Tools submenu, as described in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserMigration|Extension:ParserMigration]] documentation. There is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Confidence Framework|more information about our roll-out strategy]] available, including the testing done before we turn on Parsoid for a new wiki. To report bugs and issues, please look at our [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Known Issues|known issues]] documentation and if you found a new bug please create a phab ticket and tag the [[phab:project/view/5846|Content Transform Team in Phabricator]]. <section end="announcement-content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[mw:User:ABreault (WMF)|Content Transform Team]]</bdi> 22:24, 17 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Community Portal]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:ABreault (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikimedia_Foundation/Product_and_Technology/Parsoid_Read_Views/2026-03-19_Wikipedias&oldid=30274835 --> == Request for Comment: VisualEditor automatic reference names == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> Hi, I’m Johannes from [[:m:Wikimedia Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]]’s [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes|Technical Wishes team]]. Apologies for writing in English. {{Int:Please-translate}}! We are considering to work on [[:m:Community Wishlist/W17|Community Wishlist/W17: Improve VE references' automatic names and reuse]]. This has been a long-term issue for wikitext editors (see e.g. [[:en:WP:VisualEditor/Named references]]) which has been among the top-voted wishes in several [[:m:Community Wishlist Survey|Community Wishlist Surveys]], e.g. [[:m:Community Wishlist Survey 2017/Editing/VisualEditor: Allow editing of auto-generated references before adding them|2017]], [[:m:Community Wishlist Survey 2019/Citations/VisualEditor: Allow references to be named|2019]], [[:m:Community Wishlist Survey 2022/Editing/VisualEditor should use human-like names for references|2022]] or [[:m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Editing/VisualEditor should use proper names for references|2023]]. We would like your input on the [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names#Proposed solutions|solutions]] proposed on our project page: '''[[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names]]'''. We are considering several options, which can be combined if desired by the community. * Changing the default pattern for automatically generated reference names (currently <code>":n"</code>, e.g. <code>":0"</code>, <code>":1"</code>...) to use the [[:mw:Help:Reference Previews#Exposed reference types|reference type]] instead (e.g. <code>"book_reference-1"</code>). * Providing a simple mechanism for communities to configure a different default name. * Generating automatic reference names based on the [[:en:domain name|domain name]] (if it’s a web citation). * Generating automatic reference names based on template parameters (e.g. "title" or "last"+"first") – defined by the community. === Feedback === [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names|Visit our project page]] to read about our proposal in detail and share your thoughts [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names#Request for comment|on metawiki]]. '''Please note''': We will only implement a solution if there’s clear consensus among the global community. Our intention is not to build the perfect solution, but to find a simple and lean one that alleviates the pain caused by auto generated names. We are aware that some experienced VisualEditor users might prefer an option to manually change reference names in VisualEditor, but such a UX intervention is difficult to achieve across reference types and thus out of scope for our team, we can only improve the auto-naming mechanism. We are happy about suggestions for improving certain details of the proposed solutions. Any other feedback and alternative proposals are also welcome – even though it’s out of scope for us, it might still be relevant for future work on this topic. Please support us interpreting consensus by clearly indicating your opinion (e.g. by using support/neutral/oppose templates). We are aware of [[:en:WP:NOTVOTE]], but given that we are facilitating this discussion with users from different wikis, potentially commenting in their native language, clearly indicating your position helps us avoid misunderstandings. Thank you for participating!</div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|Johannes Richter (WMDE)]] ([[User talk:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|hira]])</bdi> 11:15, 19 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Community Portal]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johannes_Richter_(WMDE)/MassMessageRecipients&oldid=30281362 --> == Shirye shiryen taron Educational Development, Challenges, and Key Figures in Nigeria == Assalam, ina mai farin cikin sanar daku cewa mun fara shirye-shiryen gudanar da "campaign dinmu na Educational Development, Challenges, and Key Figures in Nigeria". Wannan taron zai kara inganta Hausa Wikipedia akan muƙalu da suka shafi Ilimi. Nagode [[User:Sardeeq|Sardeeq]] ([[User talk:Sardeeq|talk]]) 14:01, 22 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC) == Wiki For Women-Focused Digital Skills, Photo Walks, and Audio Recording in Kaduna Hausa Communities == Assalamu alaikum yan uwa masu albarka na wannan gida, in yiwa kowa fatan alkhair sannan ina man barka da wannan lokaci. Ina son nayi amfani da wannan damar domin sanar daku cewa, zan gudanar da taron karawa juna ilimi kamar yadda taken shi yake a sama. Ina mai neman goyon bayanku da kuma bada shawarwari da zasu ciya da wannan aiki gaba. Na gode sannan Allah Uban Giji ya saka wa kowa da alkhairi. Bissalam. [[User:Umar-askira|Umar-askira]] ([[User talk:Umar-askira|talk]]) 15:30, 22 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC) == Hausa Wikipedia User Retention Workshop == Salamu Alaikum warahmatullah. yan uwa masu albarka. ina mana fatan alkahiri da kuma fatan an gama Azumi kuma anyi Sallah lafiya. mafi yawan cin lokaci muna hada taruka kuma muna kawo sabbin editoci.amma da an gama taron ko gasar shikenan saika ga wannna sabbin editocin sun daina gyara da kuma rubutu a Wikipedia. wannna matsala ce babba. muna da sama da editoci dubu arbain amma bamu da tsayyen editoci ko dari biyar. wannna taron zaiyi gyara akan haka. ina mai neman goyon bayanku dan wannan aiki. nagode sosai. ku bada shawarwarinku a kasan wannan rubutun. [[User:Musa Vacho77|Musa Vacho77]] ([[User talk:Musa Vacho77|talk]]) 07:00, 24 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC) == Sanarwa Da Neman Goyon Baya == Assalamualaikum ƴan uwa da abokan arziki editor's na wannan gida mai Albarka ina yima kowa fatan Alkairi tare da fatan kowa yayi bikin sallah lafiya,ina mai amfani da wannan dama wajen neman goyon bayan ku akan proposal dana nema mai taken Documentin and Enhancing Agricultural and Environmental Vocabulary on Hausa Wiktionary . Wannan project zai cike gibin da muke dashi na karancin kalmomin da suka danganci noma da muhalli a Hausa Wiktionary. Bissalam mu kwana lafiya Allah ya sadamu da Alkairan sa.[[User:Ibrahim Sani Mustapha|Ibrahim Sani Mustapha]] ([[User talk:Ibrahim Sani Mustapha|talk]]) 19:49, 28 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC) == Kamfe na Wikiquote a Daura == Assalam, ina mai farin cikin sanar da ku cewa zamu gudanar da kamfe don wayar da kai game da WIkiquote a Daura a wannan zagaye. Da fatan zaku bamu gudummawa. Nagode [[User:Manaf205|Manaf205]] ([[User talk:Manaf205|talk]]) 06:48, 31 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC) == Northern Nigeria Emirates Photowalk == Salam, yan uwa. Ina mai farin cikin sanar daku photo walk da mukeso a manyan masarautun mu na Arewa. Domin samun damar taskance su a Wikimedia. Sanin mune masauratun mu a shekarun nan sun samu sauye sauye. Musan man Zaria da Kano. Ina Mai neman goyon bayanku mun gode.<span style="white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#009200 0.3em 0.4em 1.0em,#009200 -0.2em -0.2em 1.0em;color:#009200"><b>Aliyu shaba</b></span>]]^{[[User talk:Aliyu shaba|<span style="color:#ff0000"><b>Talk</b></span>]]} 17:02, 31 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC) == Preserving Community Culture Through Images on Wikimedia Commons == Assalamualikum Barka da wannan lokaci shuwagabannin wannan manhajar da ƴan uwansa editors Ina farin cikin sanar da ku cewa na rubuta proposal game da '''Preserving Community Culture Through Images on Wikimedia Commons''' wanda insha Allahu za'a gudanar da shi a Jihar Adamawa. Muna neman. Nagode sosai @[[User:M Bash Ne|M Bash Ne]] ([[User talk:M Bash Ne|talk]]) 22:20, 31 ga Maris, 2026 (UTC) == Join the sixth Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia 2026.png|right|250px|thumb|link=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ukraine%27s_Cultural_Diplomacy_Month_2026|Join our campaign!]] {{int:please-translate}} Dear Wikipedians! [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the sixth edition of writing challenge "'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''", which lasts from '''1st April''' until '''30th April 2026'''. The initiative aims to promote knowledge about Ukrainian culture abroad by creating and improving Wikipedia articles in multiple languages. This year marks the sixth edition of the campaign, which will focus on contemporary culture, making today’s artistic voices and practices more visible to international audiences. 🧩'''How to participate?''' Choose an article from the suggested list → Write an article in your language, or improve an existing one according to the rules → Add your contribution to the contest page and calculate your points → Win prizes and receive a certificate of participation → Become a promoter of truthful knowledge about Ukraine. 🧩'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Check our main page for more information]]'''. '''If you are interested in coordinating long-term community engagement for the campaign and becoming a local ambassador, we would love to hear from you! Please let us know your interest.''' If not, then we encourage you to translate the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|landing page of the contest]] and [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MessageGroupStats?group=Centralnotice-tgroup-UCDM2026banner&messages=&language=en&x=D banner] into your own language. Also, we set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in this challenge! [[:m:User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|talk]]) 04:35, 1 April 2026 (UTC) </div> (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Community Portal]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:OlesiaLukaniuk_(WMUA)/list_of_wikis&oldid=28552112 --> == Wikimedia Awareness for educated/elite women in Northern Nigeria == Assalamu Alaikum, Ina mai mika gaisuwa ta girmamawa ga daukacin 'yan uwan wannan shafi. Na rubuta wannan wasika ne domin gabatar da shirinmu a hukumance, wanda zamu tsara domin fadakarwa da kuma karfafa gwiwar mata masana da masu ilimi a fadin Arewacin Najeriya. Babban burin wannan aiki shi ne samar da karin mata editoci a Wikipedia daga yankinmu, tare da daukaka matsayin mata wajen rike mukaman shugabanci a karkashin gidauniyar Wikimedia. Ta hanyar wannan horo, mahalarta za su samu kwarewa ba kawai a fannin gyara Wikipedia ba, har ma da karfin gwiwar taka muhimmiyar rawa a wannan tafiya. [[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Nigeria_National_Funding_Program/Wikimedia_Awareness_for_educated/elite_women_in_Northern_Nigeria]] [[User:Halima Waziri|Halima Waziri]] ([[User talk:Halima Waziri|talk]]) 11:49, 2 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) == Action Required: Update templates/modules for electoral maps (Migrating from P1846 to P14226) == Hello everyone, This is a notice regarding an ongoing data migration on Wikidata that may affect your election-related templates and Lua modules (such as <code>Module:Itemgroup/list</code>). '''The Change:'''<br /> Currently, many templates pull electoral maps from Wikidata using the property [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]], combined with the qualifier [[:d:Property:P180|P180]]: [[:d:Q19571328|Q19571328]]. We are migrating this data (across roughly 4,000 items) to a newly created, dedicated property: '''[[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]]'''. '''What You Need To Do:'''<br /> To ensure your templates and infoboxes do not break or lose their maps, please update your local code to fetch data from [[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]] instead of the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] + [[:d:Property:P180|P180]] structure. A [[m:Wikidata/Property Migration: P1846 to P14226/List|list of pages]] was generated using Wikimedia Global Search. '''Deadline:'''<br /> We are temporarily retaining the old data on [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] to allow for a smooth transition. However, to complete the data cleanup on Wikidata, the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] statements will be removed after '''May 1, 2026'''. Please update your modules and templates before this date to prevent any disruption to your wiki's election articles. Let us know if you have any questions or need assistance with the query logic. Thank you for your help! [[User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] using [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 17:11, 3 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Community Portal]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29941252 --> == Neman Kasancewa Admin a karo na Uku == Assslamu Alaikum, ina neman goyon bayanku domin kasancewa mai gudanarwa a karo na uku domin cigaba da tantance ayyuka, da kuma bada tallafi ga sabbin editoci. [[User:Pharouqenr|<span style="color:orange; font-size:130%; font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Captain Pharouq</span>]] 20:05, 8 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) === Support === #Ina goyon baya domin cigaban wikipidia[[User:Ibrahim abusufyan|Ibrahim abusufyan]] ([[User talk:Ibrahim abusufyan|talk]]) 21:19, 8 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) #Ina goyon Bayan Hakan Dari bisa Dari Domin cigaban Wikipedia[[User:Aisha Yahuza|Aisha Yahuza]] ([[User talk:Aisha Yahuza|talk]]) 21:30, 8 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) #ina mai goyon bayan hakan dari bisa dari dan kawo cigaba. [[User:Muhdavdullahi|Muhdavdullahi]] ([[User talk:Muhdavdullahi|talk]]) 21:27, 8 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) #[[User:Sardeeq|Sardeeq]] ([[User talk:Sardeeq|talk]]) ina goyon baya Dari bisa dari #Ina goyon baya sosai. [[User:Muhammad Idriss Criteria|Muhammad Idriss Criteria]] ([[User talk:Muhammad Idriss Criteria|talk]]) 21:38, 8 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) # Ina goyen bayen hakan dari Bisa dari domin zai kawo cigaba sosai ~~ #Ina goyon baya ɗari bisa ɗari [[User:Halima Waziri|Halima Waziri]] ([[User talk:Halima Waziri|talk]]) 22:18, 8 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) # Don cigaba da tsabtacewa gami da bunƙasa Hausa Wikipedia, muna bukatar jajirtattu irinka.Lallai ina goyon bayan hakan [[User:BnHamid|BnHamid]] ([[User talk:BnHamid|talk]]) # enah goyon bayan kazama Admin karo nabiyu sbd jajircewan ka akan Kula da mukaloli a Hausa Wikipedia [[User:Smshika|Smshika]] ([[User talk:Smshika|talk]]) 04:55, 9 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) # ina goyon bayan hakan dari bisa Dari sosai sosai[[User:Abusule dankofa|Abusule dankofa]] ([[User talk:Abusule dankofa|talk]]) 05:28, 9 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) # Ina goyon baya sosai domin Yana kawo cigaba sosai a Wikipedia [[User:Nnamadee|Nnamadee]] ([[User talk:Nnamadee|talk]]) 05:57, 9 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) # Tabbas ka kasance daga cikin jajirtaccin Admins a Hausa Wikipedia, faruwar hakan nasara ce babba a wannan man haja. Fatan Alkhairi. [[User:Saifullahi AS|Saifullahi AS]] ([[User talk:Saifullahi AS|talk]]) 06:13, 9 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) # Ina goyon baya sosai saboda gudummawar da kake bayarwa a matsayin mai gudanarwa. [[User:Nassmart1|Nassmart1]] ([[User talk:Nassmart1|talk]]) 06:16, 9 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) == Request for comment (global AI policy) == <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Apologies for writing in English. {{int:Please-translate}} A [[:m:Requests for comment/Artificial intelligence policy|request for comment]] is currently being held to decide on a global AI policy. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}} [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 00:57, 26 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) </bdi> (This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Community Portal]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Codename Noreste@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=30424282 --> sgrife7b8khfwmibl3xmczcpxyqqqna 0 4382 826474 510205 2026-04-26T07:25:40Z Pharouqenr 25549 826474 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:©ber den Bau und die Entwicklung von Cordylophora lacustris (Allman) - nebst Bemerkungen ©ber vorkommen und Lebensweise dieses Thieres (IA berdenbauunddi00schu).pdf|thumb|littafi akan dick allman]] * [[Fayil:Über den Bau und die Entwicklung von Cordylophora lacustris (Allman) - nebst Bemerkungen über vorkommen und Lebensweise dieses Thieres (IA b2198914x).pdf|thumb]]'''Dick Allman''' (an haife shi a shekara ta 1883 - ya mutu a shekara ta 1943) shi ne dan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar [[Ingila]]. {{stub}} ==Manazarta== {{Hujja}}{{Reflist}} [[category:Haifaffun 1883]] [[category: Mutuwan 1943]] {{DEFAULTSORT:Allman, Dick}} [[Category:'Yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ta ƙasar Ingila]] ovmlrp71q7t8wm6wzai2ohhvnua9fwb 0 6645 826397 823968 2026-04-26T04:55:03Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 826397 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Shehu Shagari''' Ɗan siyasan [[Najeriya]] ne. An haife shi a ranar ashirin da biyar 25 ga watan Fabrairu, shekara ta alif ɗari tara da Ashirin da Biyar 1925 a garin [[Shagari, Najeriya|Shagari]], [[Arewacin Najeriya]] (a yau [[Sokoto (jiha)|jihar Sokoto]])<ref name=":0">Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 13. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]]. </ref>, ya kuma rasu ne a ranar ashirin da Takwas 28 ga watan Disamba, shekara ta dubu biyu da sha takwas 2018 bayan jinya da gajeriyar rashin lafiya da yayi a wani asibiti dake [[Abuja]]. Ya rasu yana ɗan shekara casa'in da uku (93) da haihuwa. Shehu Shagari ya zama [[Shugaban Najeriya|shugaban ƙasar Najeriya]] a watan Oktoban shekara ta alif dari tara da Saba'in da tara (1979), inda yayi mulki har zuwa Disamban shekara ta alif da dari tara da tamanin da uku (1983), wanda sojoji suka kwace mulki a hunnunsa, a jagorancin [[Muhammadu Buhari]]. Shehu Shagari shine shugaban Najeriya da ya hau mulki ta sanadiyar zaɓe na farko.<ref><nowiki>https://hausa.legit.ng/news/1537778-tarihin-mulkin-najeriya-jerin-shugabannin-najeriya-16-da-kuma-jihohin-da-suka-fito/</nowiki></ref> [[Olusegun Obasanjo]] ne ya bayar da mulkin zuwa ga farar hula, a dalilin haka da matsi da mulkin sojoji ke fuskanta, ga rashin yin katabus, ganin hakan ne dai yasa Obasanjon ya bayar da mulkin amma ba'a kai ko’ina ba sai sojojin suka sake dawowa suka ƙwace mulki daga hannun farar hula, inda suka zargi mulkinsa da cin hanci da rashawa, haka ne ne dai ya kai ga [[Muhammadu Buhari]] ga zama shugaban Ƙasa a wanchan lokacin.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/jan/09/shehu-shagari-obituary</ref><ref>https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2018/12/28/life-and-time-of-alhaji-shehu-shagari/</ref> [[File:President Sharari of Nigeria is greeted by BGEN Archer Durham upon his arrival for a visit. Andrews AFB.jpg|thumb|Tsohon shugaban ƙasa Shehu Shagari]] [[File:Heads of State Cancun Summit 1981.jpg|thumb|Taron shugabannin kasashen a shekara 1981]] == Tarihi == [[Tarihi]] ya nuna cewa Shehu Shagari ya samo asali ne daga Muhammadu,wanda ɗan uwan kakan-kakan Shehu Shagari ne, Makiyayi ne kuma yana yawo da iyalansa baki ɗaya. Kuma an nuna cewa sun zauna a sifawa a shekara ta 1810, kuma ya zama daga cikin dakarun Shehu [[Usman Ɗan Fodiyo]]<ref name=":0" />. Hakazalika [[tarihi]] ya nuna cewa Shagari wani wuri ne wanda ya samo asali lokacin Shehu Ɗan Fodio sun tsaya tare da mutanen Muhammadu a wani wuri domin hutawa, sai dan Fodiyo yace, "Ku Sha Gari” (Fura da Nono). Daga nan aka sanya ma wurin Shagari, shi kuma shugaban Muhammadu Shagari. Muhammadu Shehu Shagari ya rasu kuma an binne shi a [[Shifawa]], inda aka binne Shehu Usman Ɗan Fodiyo. Muhammadu Shagari ya rasu ya bar ƴaƴa biyu Usman Da Iggi, wanda Iggi ne babba kuma an nada Iggi a matsayin magajin Shagari watau shugaban garin [[Shagari (Najeriya)|Shagari (Najeriya)]]. Bayan nadin sarautan Magajin Shagari, Igge tare da kawunsa Shehu dan Fodiyo suka ƙaro dakarun tsaro kuma aka zagaye garin Shagari da ganuwa<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 5. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. Daga nan garin Shagari ya fara bunƙasa a harkokin kasuwanci har ma ya mamaye ƙauyukan Sokoto ta kudu<ref name=":0" />.Ƴan kasuwa da matafiya kan yaɗa zango a garin Shagari a duk lokacin da dare yayi musu. Saboda mutanen garin suna da kara da kyawawan ɗabi'u da halaye masu kyau. Garin Shagari ya zama amintaccen gari mai zaman lafiya duk da yaƙe-yaƙe da akai ta yi a ƙarni na 19th  a ƙarƙashin magajin Shagarin. Sarautar Sokoto ƙarƙashin shari’ar musulunci<ref name=":0" />. Bayan [[Turawa]] sun kama [[Sokoto]], sababbin ƙauyuka sun samu an sanya garin Shagari ƙarƙashin mulkin Yabo<ref name=":0" />. Muhammadu Basharu ɗan Magaji Rufa’i ya sake zama magajin Shagari duk da sun rasa mulki bayan da Turawa suka zo. A lokacin da aka haɗa Kudanci da [[Arewacin Najeriya]], a shekara ta alif ɗari tara da sha huɗu (1914) aka naɗa Aliyu baban Shehu Shagari wanda ya gaji Galadima Bayan rasuwarsa da karɓar mulki daga hannun Muhammadu Basharu<ref name=":0" />. Bayan ƙirƙirar Jihohi, da ƙananan hukumomi a 1996, shagari ya zama sabon cibiyar ƙaramar hukumar- da yawan mutane 83,540 a ƙauyuka 10 dake ƙarƙashinsa. Garin Shagari Ya rasa mutane dalilin sabbin hanyoyin kasuwanci na zamani<ref name=":0" />. Duk da garin Shagari ba wata muhimmiyar alƙarya bace, amma [[tarihi]] ya nuna cewa garin ya wanzu cikin zaman lafiya da riƙon amana kusan mutanen garin na kula da harkokin gabansu ba tare da katsalandan ba<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 13. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. [[Tarihi]] ya nuna cewa an haifi Shehu Shagari ne a ranar laraba 8 ga watan [[Sha’aban]] (watan musulunci) a Shekarar 1925<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 14. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>.^{(p14) Mahaifiyar} Shehu Shagari na kiransa da inkiya Balarabe, saboda an haifeshi a Sha’aban<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p.14. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>.  Asalin sunan Shehu Shagari “Usman” wanda ya samo asali daga [[Uthman Ibn Affan]] sannan kuma sunan kakansa ne ƙanin Muhammadu shagari (wanda ya ƙirƙiro garin shagari) hakazalika sunan Shehu Usman Ɗan Fodiyo<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). pp. 14-15 [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. [[Hausawa]] kan kira Usman Shehu. Shehu shagari ɗa na uku ne a wajen mahifiyarsa<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 8. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. == Rayuwa da Ilimi == Shehu shagari ya fara ganin mota a rayuwarsa a lokacin yana dan shekara biyar a shekarar 1930, lokacin da [[sultan muhammadu Tambari]] (1925-1931) yazo garin Shagari ya kwana a gidan shehu shagari. ^(p16Tarihi ya nuna tun kafin a tura shehu shagari makarantar boko ya riga ya koyi ilimin addinin musulunci a wurin iyayensa da kuma manyan malamai<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 17. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. ^(p17 Shehu Shagari ya yi zurfin karatu a ilimin [[addini]] kuma a duk lokacin da ya sami hutu yakan tsaya ya koyar da [[ilimi]] a ƙauyensa<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 20. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. ^(p20) saboda a fahimatarsa, ilimi wani abu ne da ya jiɓinci rayuwa gaba ɗaya, tun daga farko har ƙarshe. Shehu Shagari ya shafe tsawon shekara 34 yana kuma koyarwa. Shehu Shagari ya bar garin shagari a karo na farko a shekarar 1931, inda ya tafi neman ilimin zamani watau boko a garin yabo. Mahaifinsa ya rasu lokacin yana da shekaru biyar<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 31 [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. == Siyasa ==  A shekara ta 1962 sultan Sir Saddiq Abubakar III ya naɗa shehu Shagari Turakin sokoto a matsayin minista wanda sir Ahmadu Bello ya naɗa a kawu a watan Aprilu a garin Kaduna<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria).pp. 57-58. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. A zaɓen watan oktoba, shekara ta 1960, wacce zata kawo ƴanci a ƙasar nan, jam’iyyan NPC (wanda sir Ahmadu Bello da Abubakar Tafawa Balewa  a matsayin mataimakinsa) yaci. An kuma naɗa shehu shagari da Alhaji Muhammadu Ribaɗu, Alhaji Inuwa Wada, Zanna Bukar Dipchorime, Waziri Ibrahim, Usman Sarki, Musa yar,adu'a matsayin ministocin ƙasa bayan da da Najeriya ta samu ƴanci kai<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). pp. 70-80. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. An naɗa Shehu shagari a matsayin ministan ayyuka da ɗuba a watan Mayun shekara ta 1965<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 103. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. Aikin shehu Shagari na farko a matsayinsa na minista shine canza sakatarorin gwamnati na turawa da ƴan najeriya<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p.90. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. A ranar 23 ga watan oktoba, shekara ta 1978, shehu Shagari ya yanke shawara fitowa takaran shugan ƙasa akan cewa zai janye idan har bai cinye yawan kuri’u ba<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p.200. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. A zaɓen da akayi a ranar asabar 9 ga watan December shekara ta 1978, shehu shagari ya cinye ƙuri’u 975, Maitama Sule 504, Adam Girome 293, Dr. Saraki 214, Traka 104, Prof Abubakar 92. (primary election held at casino cenema)<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). pp. 213-214. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. Jam’iyyar NPN na Shehu Shagari ta lashe kujeru 36 (37.89%) na sanatoci da 168 (37.41%) na kujerun ƴan majalissu. A ranar Alhamis da ƙarfe 12:40pm aka sanar Shehu Shagari yaci zaɓen shugaban ƙasa da ƙuri’u 5, 688857<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 227. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. An rantsar da shugaba na farko da aka  zaɓa a Najeriya (Shehu Shagari) ranar litinin a Tafawaɓalewa Square wanda dake Legas. == Ayyukan Cigaba == Daga cikin kamfanonin da Shehu Shagari ya samar sun haɗa da: * Ministry of steel develpment * Aledja steel plant a shekarar 1982 * Steel rolling mills katsina * Steel rolling mills oshogbo * Steel rolling mills jos. * Anambra motor company a shekarar 1980 * National truck manufacturing company kano a shekarar 1981 * Stey motors Bauchi * Leyland Ibadan * Private assembley company [[Illorin]], [[Onitsha]], [[Gusau]], [[Benin]] & [[Porthercourt]]<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria).p. 310. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. == Bibliyo == * Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]]. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&nbsp;50042754. ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Shagari, Shehu}} [[Category:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] [[Category:Shuwagabannin ƙasar Najeriya]] [[Category:Fulani]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1925]] [[Category:Mutane daga jihar sokoto]] [[Category:Mutuwan 2018]] cacma6b60dkn8an5azshi0c7auee3m3 826398 826397 2026-04-26T04:55:21Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 826398 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Shehu Shagari''' Ɗan siyasan [[Najeriya]] ne. An haife shi a ranar ashirin da biyar 25 ga watan Fabrairu, shekara ta alif ɗari tara da Ashirin da Biyar 1925 a garin [[Shagari, Najeriya|Shagari]], [[Arewacin Najeriya]] (a yau [[Sokoto (jiha)|jihar Sokoto]])<ref name=":0">Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 13. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]]. </ref>, ya kuma rasu ne a ranar ashirin da Takwas 28 ga watan Disamba, shekara ta dubu biyu da sha takwas 2018 bayan jinya da gajeriyar rashin lafiya da yayi a wani asibiti dake [[Abuja]]. Ya rasu yana ɗan shekara casa'in da uku (93) da haihuwa. Shehu Shagari ya zama [[Shugaban Najeriya|shugaban ƙasar Najeriya]] a watan Oktoban shekara ta alif dari tara da Saba'in da tara (1979), inda ya yi mulki har zuwa Disamban shekara ta alif da dari tara da tamanin da uku (1983), wanda sojoji suka kwace mulki a hunnunsa, a jagorancin [[Muhammadu Buhari]]. Shehu Shagari shine shugaban Najeriya da ya hau mulki ta sanadiyar zaɓe na farko.<ref><nowiki>https://hausa.legit.ng/news/1537778-tarihin-mulkin-najeriya-jerin-shugabannin-najeriya-16-da-kuma-jihohin-da-suka-fito/</nowiki></ref> [[Olusegun Obasanjo]] ne ya bayar da mulkin zuwa ga farar hula, a dalilin haka da matsi da mulkin sojoji ke fuskanta, ga rashin yin katabus, ganin hakan ne dai yasa Obasanjon ya bayar da mulkin amma ba'a kai ko’ina ba sai sojojin suka sake dawowa suka ƙwace mulki daga hannun farar hula, inda suka zargi mulkinsa da cin hanci da rashawa, haka ne ne dai ya kai ga [[Muhammadu Buhari]] ga zama shugaban Ƙasa a wanchan lokacin.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/jan/09/shehu-shagari-obituary</ref><ref>https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2018/12/28/life-and-time-of-alhaji-shehu-shagari/</ref> [[File:President Sharari of Nigeria is greeted by BGEN Archer Durham upon his arrival for a visit. Andrews AFB.jpg|thumb|Tsohon shugaban ƙasa Shehu Shagari]] [[File:Heads of State Cancun Summit 1981.jpg|thumb|Taron shugabannin kasashen a shekara 1981]] == Tarihi == [[Tarihi]] ya nuna cewa Shehu Shagari ya samo asali ne daga Muhammadu,wanda ɗan uwan kakan-kakan Shehu Shagari ne, Makiyayi ne kuma yana yawo da iyalansa baki ɗaya. Kuma an nuna cewa sun zauna a sifawa a shekara ta 1810, kuma ya zama daga cikin dakarun Shehu [[Usman Ɗan Fodiyo]]<ref name=":0" />. Hakazalika [[tarihi]] ya nuna cewa Shagari wani wuri ne wanda ya samo asali lokacin Shehu Ɗan Fodio sun tsaya tare da mutanen Muhammadu a wani wuri domin hutawa, sai dan Fodiyo yace, "Ku Sha Gari” (Fura da Nono). Daga nan aka sanya ma wurin Shagari, shi kuma shugaban Muhammadu Shagari. Muhammadu Shehu Shagari ya rasu kuma an binne shi a [[Shifawa]], inda aka binne Shehu Usman Ɗan Fodiyo. Muhammadu Shagari ya rasu ya bar ƴaƴa biyu Usman Da Iggi, wanda Iggi ne babba kuma an nada Iggi a matsayin magajin Shagari watau shugaban garin [[Shagari (Najeriya)|Shagari (Najeriya)]]. Bayan nadin sarautan Magajin Shagari, Igge tare da kawunsa Shehu dan Fodiyo suka ƙaro dakarun tsaro kuma aka zagaye garin Shagari da ganuwa<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 5. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. Daga nan garin Shagari ya fara bunƙasa a harkokin kasuwanci har ma ya mamaye ƙauyukan Sokoto ta kudu<ref name=":0" />.Ƴan kasuwa da matafiya kan yaɗa zango a garin Shagari a duk lokacin da dare yayi musu. Saboda mutanen garin suna da kara da kyawawan ɗabi'u da halaye masu kyau. Garin Shagari ya zama amintaccen gari mai zaman lafiya duk da yaƙe-yaƙe da akai ta yi a ƙarni na 19th  a ƙarƙashin magajin Shagarin. Sarautar Sokoto ƙarƙashin shari’ar musulunci<ref name=":0" />. Bayan [[Turawa]] sun kama [[Sokoto]], sababbin ƙauyuka sun samu an sanya garin Shagari ƙarƙashin mulkin Yabo<ref name=":0" />. Muhammadu Basharu ɗan Magaji Rufa’i ya sake zama magajin Shagari duk da sun rasa mulki bayan da Turawa suka zo. A lokacin da aka haɗa Kudanci da [[Arewacin Najeriya]], a shekara ta alif ɗari tara da sha huɗu (1914) aka naɗa Aliyu baban Shehu Shagari wanda ya gaji Galadima Bayan rasuwarsa da karɓar mulki daga hannun Muhammadu Basharu<ref name=":0" />. Bayan ƙirƙirar Jihohi, da ƙananan hukumomi a 1996, shagari ya zama sabon cibiyar ƙaramar hukumar- da yawan mutane 83,540 a ƙauyuka 10 dake ƙarƙashinsa. Garin Shagari Ya rasa mutane dalilin sabbin hanyoyin kasuwanci na zamani<ref name=":0" />. Duk da garin Shagari ba wata muhimmiyar alƙarya bace, amma [[tarihi]] ya nuna cewa garin ya wanzu cikin zaman lafiya da riƙon amana kusan mutanen garin na kula da harkokin gabansu ba tare da katsalandan ba<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 13. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. [[Tarihi]] ya nuna cewa an haifi Shehu Shagari ne a ranar laraba 8 ga watan [[Sha’aban]] (watan musulunci) a Shekarar 1925<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 14. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>.^{(p14) Mahaifiyar} Shehu Shagari na kiransa da inkiya Balarabe, saboda an haifeshi a Sha’aban<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p.14. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>.  Asalin sunan Shehu Shagari “Usman” wanda ya samo asali daga [[Uthman Ibn Affan]] sannan kuma sunan kakansa ne ƙanin Muhammadu shagari (wanda ya ƙirƙiro garin shagari) hakazalika sunan Shehu Usman Ɗan Fodiyo<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). pp. 14-15 [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. [[Hausawa]] kan kira Usman Shehu. Shehu shagari ɗa na uku ne a wajen mahifiyarsa<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 8. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. == Rayuwa da Ilimi == Shehu shagari ya fara ganin mota a rayuwarsa a lokacin yana dan shekara biyar a shekarar 1930, lokacin da [[sultan muhammadu Tambari]] (1925-1931) yazo garin Shagari ya kwana a gidan shehu shagari. ^(p16Tarihi ya nuna tun kafin a tura shehu shagari makarantar boko ya riga ya koyi ilimin addinin musulunci a wurin iyayensa da kuma manyan malamai<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 17. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. ^(p17 Shehu Shagari ya yi zurfin karatu a ilimin [[addini]] kuma a duk lokacin da ya sami hutu yakan tsaya ya koyar da [[ilimi]] a ƙauyensa<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 20. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. ^(p20) saboda a fahimatarsa, ilimi wani abu ne da ya jiɓinci rayuwa gaba ɗaya, tun daga farko har ƙarshe. Shehu Shagari ya shafe tsawon shekara 34 yana kuma koyarwa. Shehu Shagari ya bar garin shagari a karo na farko a shekarar 1931, inda ya tafi neman ilimin zamani watau boko a garin yabo. Mahaifinsa ya rasu lokacin yana da shekaru biyar<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 31 [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. == Siyasa ==  A shekara ta 1962 sultan Sir Saddiq Abubakar III ya naɗa shehu Shagari Turakin sokoto a matsayin minista wanda sir Ahmadu Bello ya naɗa a kawu a watan Aprilu a garin Kaduna<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria).pp. 57-58. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. A zaɓen watan oktoba, shekara ta 1960, wacce zata kawo ƴanci a ƙasar nan, jam’iyyan NPC (wanda sir Ahmadu Bello da Abubakar Tafawa Balewa  a matsayin mataimakinsa) yaci. An kuma naɗa shehu shagari da Alhaji Muhammadu Ribaɗu, Alhaji Inuwa Wada, Zanna Bukar Dipchorime, Waziri Ibrahim, Usman Sarki, Musa yar,adu'a matsayin ministocin ƙasa bayan da da Najeriya ta samu ƴanci kai<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). pp. 70-80. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. An naɗa Shehu shagari a matsayin ministan ayyuka da ɗuba a watan Mayun shekara ta 1965<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 103. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. Aikin shehu Shagari na farko a matsayinsa na minista shine canza sakatarorin gwamnati na turawa da ƴan najeriya<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p.90. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. A ranar 23 ga watan oktoba, shekara ta 1978, shehu Shagari ya yanke shawara fitowa takaran shugan ƙasa akan cewa zai janye idan har bai cinye yawan kuri’u ba<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p.200. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. A zaɓen da akayi a ranar asabar 9 ga watan December shekara ta 1978, shehu shagari ya cinye ƙuri’u 975, Maitama Sule 504, Adam Girome 293, Dr. Saraki 214, Traka 104, Prof Abubakar 92. (primary election held at casino cenema)<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). pp. 213-214. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. Jam’iyyar NPN na Shehu Shagari ta lashe kujeru 36 (37.89%) na sanatoci da 168 (37.41%) na kujerun ƴan majalissu. A ranar Alhamis da ƙarfe 12:40pm aka sanar Shehu Shagari yaci zaɓen shugaban ƙasa da ƙuri’u 5, 688857<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 227. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. An rantsar da shugaba na farko da aka  zaɓa a Najeriya (Shehu Shagari) ranar litinin a Tafawaɓalewa Square wanda dake Legas. == Ayyukan Cigaba == Daga cikin kamfanonin da Shehu Shagari ya samar sun haɗa da: * Ministry of steel develpment * Aledja steel plant a shekarar 1982 * Steel rolling mills katsina * Steel rolling mills oshogbo * Steel rolling mills jos. * Anambra motor company a shekarar 1980 * National truck manufacturing company kano a shekarar 1981 * Stey motors Bauchi * Leyland Ibadan * Private assembley company [[Illorin]], [[Onitsha]], [[Gusau]], [[Benin]] & [[Porthercourt]]<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria).p. 310. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. == Bibliyo == * Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]]. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&nbsp;50042754. ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Shagari, Shehu}} [[Category:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] [[Category:Shuwagabannin ƙasar Najeriya]] [[Category:Fulani]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1925]] [[Category:Mutane daga jihar sokoto]] [[Category:Mutuwan 2018]] 3i4yzc50s4ceqmz6upbkunnboazs7g8 826399 826398 2026-04-26T04:55:51Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 826399 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Shehu Shagari''' Ɗan siyasan [[Najeriya]] ne. An haife shi a ranar ashirin da biyar 25 ga watan Fabrairu, shekara ta alif ɗari tara da Ashirin da Biyar 1925 a garin [[Shagari, Najeriya|Shagari]], [[Arewacin Najeriya]] (a yau [[Sokoto (jiha)|jihar Sokoto]])<ref name=":0">Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 13. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]]. </ref>, ya kuma rasu ne a ranar ashirin da Takwas 28 ga watan Disamba, shekara ta dubu biyu da sha takwas 2018 bayan jinya da gajeriyar rashin lafiya da ya yi a wani asibiti dake [[Abuja]]. Ya rasu yana ɗan shekara casa'in da uku (93) da haihuwa. Shehu Shagari ya zama [[Shugaban Najeriya|shugaban ƙasar Najeriya]] a watan Oktoban shekara ta alif dari tara da Saba'in da tara (1979), inda ya yi mulki har zuwa Disamban shekara ta alif da dari tara da tamanin da uku (1983), wanda sojoji suka kwace mulki a hunnunsa, a jagorancin [[Muhammadu Buhari]]. Shehu Shagari shine shugaban Najeriya da ya hau mulki ta sanadiyar zaɓe na farko.<ref><nowiki>https://hausa.legit.ng/news/1537778-tarihin-mulkin-najeriya-jerin-shugabannin-najeriya-16-da-kuma-jihohin-da-suka-fito/</nowiki></ref> [[Olusegun Obasanjo]] ne ya bayar da mulkin zuwa ga farar hula, a dalilin haka da matsi da mulkin sojoji ke fuskanta, ga rashin yin katabus, ganin hakan ne dai yasa Obasanjon ya bayar da mulkin amma ba'a kai ko’ina ba sai sojojin suka sake dawowa suka ƙwace mulki daga hannun farar hula, inda suka zargi mulkinsa da cin hanci da rashawa, haka ne ne dai ya kai ga [[Muhammadu Buhari]] ga zama shugaban Ƙasa a wanchan lokacin.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/jan/09/shehu-shagari-obituary</ref><ref>https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2018/12/28/life-and-time-of-alhaji-shehu-shagari/</ref> [[File:President Sharari of Nigeria is greeted by BGEN Archer Durham upon his arrival for a visit. Andrews AFB.jpg|thumb|Tsohon shugaban ƙasa Shehu Shagari]] [[File:Heads of State Cancun Summit 1981.jpg|thumb|Taron shugabannin kasashen a shekara 1981]] == Tarihi == [[Tarihi]] ya nuna cewa Shehu Shagari ya samo asali ne daga Muhammadu,wanda ɗan uwan kakan-kakan Shehu Shagari ne, Makiyayi ne kuma yana yawo da iyalansa baki ɗaya. Kuma an nuna cewa sun zauna a sifawa a shekara ta 1810, kuma ya zama daga cikin dakarun Shehu [[Usman Ɗan Fodiyo]]<ref name=":0" />. Hakazalika [[tarihi]] ya nuna cewa Shagari wani wuri ne wanda ya samo asali lokacin Shehu Ɗan Fodio sun tsaya tare da mutanen Muhammadu a wani wuri domin hutawa, sai dan Fodiyo yace, "Ku Sha Gari” (Fura da Nono). Daga nan aka sanya ma wurin Shagari, shi kuma shugaban Muhammadu Shagari. Muhammadu Shehu Shagari ya rasu kuma an binne shi a [[Shifawa]], inda aka binne Shehu Usman Ɗan Fodiyo. Muhammadu Shagari ya rasu ya bar ƴaƴa biyu Usman Da Iggi, wanda Iggi ne babba kuma an nada Iggi a matsayin magajin Shagari watau shugaban garin [[Shagari (Najeriya)|Shagari (Najeriya)]]. Bayan nadin sarautan Magajin Shagari, Igge tare da kawunsa Shehu dan Fodiyo suka ƙaro dakarun tsaro kuma aka zagaye garin Shagari da ganuwa<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 5. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. Daga nan garin Shagari ya fara bunƙasa a harkokin kasuwanci har ma ya mamaye ƙauyukan Sokoto ta kudu<ref name=":0" />.Ƴan kasuwa da matafiya kan yaɗa zango a garin Shagari a duk lokacin da dare yayi musu. Saboda mutanen garin suna da kara da kyawawan ɗabi'u da halaye masu kyau. Garin Shagari ya zama amintaccen gari mai zaman lafiya duk da yaƙe-yaƙe da akai ta yi a ƙarni na 19th  a ƙarƙashin magajin Shagarin. Sarautar Sokoto ƙarƙashin shari’ar musulunci<ref name=":0" />. Bayan [[Turawa]] sun kama [[Sokoto]], sababbin ƙauyuka sun samu an sanya garin Shagari ƙarƙashin mulkin Yabo<ref name=":0" />. Muhammadu Basharu ɗan Magaji Rufa’i ya sake zama magajin Shagari duk da sun rasa mulki bayan da Turawa suka zo. A lokacin da aka haɗa Kudanci da [[Arewacin Najeriya]], a shekara ta alif ɗari tara da sha huɗu (1914) aka naɗa Aliyu baban Shehu Shagari wanda ya gaji Galadima Bayan rasuwarsa da karɓar mulki daga hannun Muhammadu Basharu<ref name=":0" />. Bayan ƙirƙirar Jihohi, da ƙananan hukumomi a 1996, shagari ya zama sabon cibiyar ƙaramar hukumar- da yawan mutane 83,540 a ƙauyuka 10 dake ƙarƙashinsa. Garin Shagari Ya rasa mutane dalilin sabbin hanyoyin kasuwanci na zamani<ref name=":0" />. Duk da garin Shagari ba wata muhimmiyar alƙarya bace, amma [[tarihi]] ya nuna cewa garin ya wanzu cikin zaman lafiya da riƙon amana kusan mutanen garin na kula da harkokin gabansu ba tare da katsalandan ba<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 13. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. [[Tarihi]] ya nuna cewa an haifi Shehu Shagari ne a ranar laraba 8 ga watan [[Sha’aban]] (watan musulunci) a Shekarar 1925<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 14. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>.^{(p14) Mahaifiyar} Shehu Shagari na kiransa da inkiya Balarabe, saboda an haifeshi a Sha’aban<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p.14. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>.  Asalin sunan Shehu Shagari “Usman” wanda ya samo asali daga [[Uthman Ibn Affan]] sannan kuma sunan kakansa ne ƙanin Muhammadu shagari (wanda ya ƙirƙiro garin shagari) hakazalika sunan Shehu Usman Ɗan Fodiyo<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). pp. 14-15 [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. [[Hausawa]] kan kira Usman Shehu. Shehu shagari ɗa na uku ne a wajen mahifiyarsa<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 8. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. == Rayuwa da Ilimi == Shehu shagari ya fara ganin mota a rayuwarsa a lokacin yana dan shekara biyar a shekarar 1930, lokacin da [[sultan muhammadu Tambari]] (1925-1931) yazo garin Shagari ya kwana a gidan shehu shagari. ^(p16Tarihi ya nuna tun kafin a tura shehu shagari makarantar boko ya riga ya koyi ilimin addinin musulunci a wurin iyayensa da kuma manyan malamai<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 17. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. ^(p17 Shehu Shagari ya yi zurfin karatu a ilimin [[addini]] kuma a duk lokacin da ya sami hutu yakan tsaya ya koyar da [[ilimi]] a ƙauyensa<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 20. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. ^(p20) saboda a fahimatarsa, ilimi wani abu ne da ya jiɓinci rayuwa gaba ɗaya, tun daga farko har ƙarshe. Shehu Shagari ya shafe tsawon shekara 34 yana kuma koyarwa. Shehu Shagari ya bar garin shagari a karo na farko a shekarar 1931, inda ya tafi neman ilimin zamani watau boko a garin yabo. Mahaifinsa ya rasu lokacin yana da shekaru biyar<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 31 [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. == Siyasa ==  A shekara ta 1962 sultan Sir Saddiq Abubakar III ya naɗa shehu Shagari Turakin sokoto a matsayin minista wanda sir Ahmadu Bello ya naɗa a kawu a watan Aprilu a garin Kaduna<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria).pp. 57-58. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. A zaɓen watan oktoba, shekara ta 1960, wacce zata kawo ƴanci a ƙasar nan, jam’iyyan NPC (wanda sir Ahmadu Bello da Abubakar Tafawa Balewa  a matsayin mataimakinsa) yaci. An kuma naɗa shehu shagari da Alhaji Muhammadu Ribaɗu, Alhaji Inuwa Wada, Zanna Bukar Dipchorime, Waziri Ibrahim, Usman Sarki, Musa yar,adu'a matsayin ministocin ƙasa bayan da da Najeriya ta samu ƴanci kai<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). pp. 70-80. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. An naɗa Shehu shagari a matsayin ministan ayyuka da ɗuba a watan Mayun shekara ta 1965<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 103. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. Aikin shehu Shagari na farko a matsayinsa na minista shine canza sakatarorin gwamnati na turawa da ƴan najeriya<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p.90. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. A ranar 23 ga watan oktoba, shekara ta 1978, shehu Shagari ya yanke shawara fitowa takaran shugan ƙasa akan cewa zai janye idan har bai cinye yawan kuri’u ba<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p.200. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. A zaɓen da akayi a ranar asabar 9 ga watan December shekara ta 1978, shehu shagari ya cinye ƙuri’u 975, Maitama Sule 504, Adam Girome 293, Dr. Saraki 214, Traka 104, Prof Abubakar 92. (primary election held at casino cenema)<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). pp. 213-214. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. Jam’iyyar NPN na Shehu Shagari ta lashe kujeru 36 (37.89%) na sanatoci da 168 (37.41%) na kujerun ƴan majalissu. A ranar Alhamis da ƙarfe 12:40pm aka sanar Shehu Shagari yaci zaɓen shugaban ƙasa da ƙuri’u 5, 688857<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 227. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. An rantsar da shugaba na farko da aka  zaɓa a Najeriya (Shehu Shagari) ranar litinin a Tafawaɓalewa Square wanda dake Legas. == Ayyukan Cigaba == Daga cikin kamfanonin da Shehu Shagari ya samar sun haɗa da: * Ministry of steel develpment * Aledja steel plant a shekarar 1982 * Steel rolling mills katsina * Steel rolling mills oshogbo * Steel rolling mills jos. * Anambra motor company a shekarar 1980 * National truck manufacturing company kano a shekarar 1981 * Stey motors Bauchi * Leyland Ibadan * Private assembley company [[Illorin]], [[Onitsha]], [[Gusau]], [[Benin]] & [[Porthercourt]]<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria).p. 310. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. == Bibliyo == * Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]]. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&nbsp;50042754. ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Shagari, Shehu}} [[Category:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] [[Category:Shuwagabannin ƙasar Najeriya]] [[Category:Fulani]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1925]] [[Category:Mutane daga jihar sokoto]] [[Category:Mutuwan 2018]] 6vuxv30v05xdzwm2kwc9eplen1ztci2 826401 826399 2026-04-26T04:56:13Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 826401 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Shehu Shagari''' Ɗan siyasan [[Najeriya]] ne. An haife shi a ranar ashirin da biyar 25 ga watan Fabrairu, shekara ta alif ɗari tara da Ashirin da Biyar 1925 a garin [[Shagari, Najeriya|Shagari]], [[Arewacin Najeriya]] (a yau [[Sokoto (jiha)|jihar Sokoto]])<ref name=":0">Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 13. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]]. </ref>, ya kuma rasu ne a ranar ashirin da Takwas 28 ga watan Disamba, shekara ta dubu biyu da sha takwas 2018 bayan jinya da gajeriyar rashin lafiya da ya yi a wani asibiti dake [[Abuja]]. Ya rasu yana ɗan shekara casa'in da uku (93) da haihuwa. Shehu Shagari ya zama [[Shugaban Najeriya|shugaban ƙasar Najeriya]] a watan Oktoban shekara ta alif dari tara da Saba'in da tara (1979), inda ya yi mulki har zuwa Disamban shekara ta alif da ɗari tara da tamanin da uku (1983), wanda sojoji suka kwace mulki a hunnunsa, a jagorancin [[Muhammadu Buhari]]. Shehu Shagari shine shugaban Najeriya da ya hau mulki ta sanadiyar zaɓe na farko.<ref><nowiki>https://hausa.legit.ng/news/1537778-tarihin-mulkin-najeriya-jerin-shugabannin-najeriya-16-da-kuma-jihohin-da-suka-fito/</nowiki></ref> [[Olusegun Obasanjo]] ne ya bayar da mulkin zuwa ga farar hula, a dalilin haka da matsi da mulkin sojoji ke fuskanta, ga rashin yin katabus, ganin hakan ne dai yasa Obasanjon ya bayar da mulkin amma ba'a kai ko’ina ba sai sojojin suka sake dawowa suka ƙwace mulki daga hannun farar hula, inda suka zargi mulkinsa da cin hanci da rashawa, haka ne ne dai ya kai ga [[Muhammadu Buhari]] ga zama shugaban Ƙasa a wanchan lokacin.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/jan/09/shehu-shagari-obituary</ref><ref>https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2018/12/28/life-and-time-of-alhaji-shehu-shagari/</ref> [[File:President Sharari of Nigeria is greeted by BGEN Archer Durham upon his arrival for a visit. Andrews AFB.jpg|thumb|Tsohon shugaban ƙasa Shehu Shagari]] [[File:Heads of State Cancun Summit 1981.jpg|thumb|Taron shugabannin kasashen a shekara 1981]] == Tarihi == [[Tarihi]] ya nuna cewa Shehu Shagari ya samo asali ne daga Muhammadu,wanda ɗan uwan kakan-kakan Shehu Shagari ne, Makiyayi ne kuma yana yawo da iyalansa baki ɗaya. Kuma an nuna cewa sun zauna a sifawa a shekara ta 1810, kuma ya zama daga cikin dakarun Shehu [[Usman Ɗan Fodiyo]]<ref name=":0" />. Hakazalika [[tarihi]] ya nuna cewa Shagari wani wuri ne wanda ya samo asali lokacin Shehu Ɗan Fodio sun tsaya tare da mutanen Muhammadu a wani wuri domin hutawa, sai dan Fodiyo yace, "Ku Sha Gari” (Fura da Nono). Daga nan aka sanya ma wurin Shagari, shi kuma shugaban Muhammadu Shagari. Muhammadu Shehu Shagari ya rasu kuma an binne shi a [[Shifawa]], inda aka binne Shehu Usman Ɗan Fodiyo. Muhammadu Shagari ya rasu ya bar ƴaƴa biyu Usman Da Iggi, wanda Iggi ne babba kuma an nada Iggi a matsayin magajin Shagari watau shugaban garin [[Shagari (Najeriya)|Shagari (Najeriya)]]. Bayan nadin sarautan Magajin Shagari, Igge tare da kawunsa Shehu dan Fodiyo suka ƙaro dakarun tsaro kuma aka zagaye garin Shagari da ganuwa<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 5. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. Daga nan garin Shagari ya fara bunƙasa a harkokin kasuwanci har ma ya mamaye ƙauyukan Sokoto ta kudu<ref name=":0" />.Ƴan kasuwa da matafiya kan yaɗa zango a garin Shagari a duk lokacin da dare yayi musu. Saboda mutanen garin suna da kara da kyawawan ɗabi'u da halaye masu kyau. Garin Shagari ya zama amintaccen gari mai zaman lafiya duk da yaƙe-yaƙe da akai ta yi a ƙarni na 19th  a ƙarƙashin magajin Shagarin. Sarautar Sokoto ƙarƙashin shari’ar musulunci<ref name=":0" />. Bayan [[Turawa]] sun kama [[Sokoto]], sababbin ƙauyuka sun samu an sanya garin Shagari ƙarƙashin mulkin Yabo<ref name=":0" />. Muhammadu Basharu ɗan Magaji Rufa’i ya sake zama magajin Shagari duk da sun rasa mulki bayan da Turawa suka zo. A lokacin da aka haɗa Kudanci da [[Arewacin Najeriya]], a shekara ta alif ɗari tara da sha huɗu (1914) aka naɗa Aliyu baban Shehu Shagari wanda ya gaji Galadima Bayan rasuwarsa da karɓar mulki daga hannun Muhammadu Basharu<ref name=":0" />. Bayan ƙirƙirar Jihohi, da ƙananan hukumomi a 1996, shagari ya zama sabon cibiyar ƙaramar hukumar- da yawan mutane 83,540 a ƙauyuka 10 dake ƙarƙashinsa. Garin Shagari Ya rasa mutane dalilin sabbin hanyoyin kasuwanci na zamani<ref name=":0" />. Duk da garin Shagari ba wata muhimmiyar alƙarya bace, amma [[tarihi]] ya nuna cewa garin ya wanzu cikin zaman lafiya da riƙon amana kusan mutanen garin na kula da harkokin gabansu ba tare da katsalandan ba<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 13. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. [[Tarihi]] ya nuna cewa an haifi Shehu Shagari ne a ranar laraba 8 ga watan [[Sha’aban]] (watan musulunci) a Shekarar 1925<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 14. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>.^{(p14) Mahaifiyar} Shehu Shagari na kiransa da inkiya Balarabe, saboda an haifeshi a Sha’aban<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p.14. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>.  Asalin sunan Shehu Shagari “Usman” wanda ya samo asali daga [[Uthman Ibn Affan]] sannan kuma sunan kakansa ne ƙanin Muhammadu shagari (wanda ya ƙirƙiro garin shagari) hakazalika sunan Shehu Usman Ɗan Fodiyo<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). pp. 14-15 [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. [[Hausawa]] kan kira Usman Shehu. Shehu shagari ɗa na uku ne a wajen mahifiyarsa<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 8. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. == Rayuwa da Ilimi == Shehu shagari ya fara ganin mota a rayuwarsa a lokacin yana dan shekara biyar a shekarar 1930, lokacin da [[sultan muhammadu Tambari]] (1925-1931) yazo garin Shagari ya kwana a gidan shehu shagari. ^(p16Tarihi ya nuna tun kafin a tura shehu shagari makarantar boko ya riga ya koyi ilimin addinin musulunci a wurin iyayensa da kuma manyan malamai<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 17. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. ^(p17 Shehu Shagari ya yi zurfin karatu a ilimin [[addini]] kuma a duk lokacin da ya sami hutu yakan tsaya ya koyar da [[ilimi]] a ƙauyensa<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 20. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. ^(p20) saboda a fahimatarsa, ilimi wani abu ne da ya jiɓinci rayuwa gaba ɗaya, tun daga farko har ƙarshe. Shehu Shagari ya shafe tsawon shekara 34 yana kuma koyarwa. Shehu Shagari ya bar garin shagari a karo na farko a shekarar 1931, inda ya tafi neman ilimin zamani watau boko a garin yabo. Mahaifinsa ya rasu lokacin yana da shekaru biyar<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 31 [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. == Siyasa ==  A shekara ta 1962 sultan Sir Saddiq Abubakar III ya naɗa shehu Shagari Turakin sokoto a matsayin minista wanda sir Ahmadu Bello ya naɗa a kawu a watan Aprilu a garin Kaduna<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria).pp. 57-58. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. A zaɓen watan oktoba, shekara ta 1960, wacce zata kawo ƴanci a ƙasar nan, jam’iyyan NPC (wanda sir Ahmadu Bello da Abubakar Tafawa Balewa  a matsayin mataimakinsa) yaci. An kuma naɗa shehu shagari da Alhaji Muhammadu Ribaɗu, Alhaji Inuwa Wada, Zanna Bukar Dipchorime, Waziri Ibrahim, Usman Sarki, Musa yar,adu'a matsayin ministocin ƙasa bayan da da Najeriya ta samu ƴanci kai<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). pp. 70-80. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. An naɗa Shehu shagari a matsayin ministan ayyuka da ɗuba a watan Mayun shekara ta 1965<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 103. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. Aikin shehu Shagari na farko a matsayinsa na minista shine canza sakatarorin gwamnati na turawa da ƴan najeriya<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p.90. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. A ranar 23 ga watan oktoba, shekara ta 1978, shehu Shagari ya yanke shawara fitowa takaran shugan ƙasa akan cewa zai janye idan har bai cinye yawan kuri’u ba<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p.200. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. A zaɓen da akayi a ranar asabar 9 ga watan December shekara ta 1978, shehu shagari ya cinye ƙuri’u 975, Maitama Sule 504, Adam Girome 293, Dr. Saraki 214, Traka 104, Prof Abubakar 92. (primary election held at casino cenema)<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). pp. 213-214. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. Jam’iyyar NPN na Shehu Shagari ta lashe kujeru 36 (37.89%) na sanatoci da 168 (37.41%) na kujerun ƴan majalissu. A ranar Alhamis da ƙarfe 12:40pm aka sanar Shehu Shagari yaci zaɓen shugaban ƙasa da ƙuri’u 5, 688857<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 227. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. An rantsar da shugaba na farko da aka  zaɓa a Najeriya (Shehu Shagari) ranar litinin a Tafawaɓalewa Square wanda dake Legas. == Ayyukan Cigaba == Daga cikin kamfanonin da Shehu Shagari ya samar sun haɗa da: * Ministry of steel develpment * Aledja steel plant a shekarar 1982 * Steel rolling mills katsina * Steel rolling mills oshogbo * Steel rolling mills jos. * Anambra motor company a shekarar 1980 * National truck manufacturing company kano a shekarar 1981 * Stey motors Bauchi * Leyland Ibadan * Private assembley company [[Illorin]], [[Onitsha]], [[Gusau]], [[Benin]] & [[Porthercourt]]<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria).p. 310. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. == Bibliyo == * Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]]. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&nbsp;50042754. ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Shagari, Shehu}} [[Category:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] [[Category:Shuwagabannin ƙasar Najeriya]] [[Category:Fulani]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1925]] [[Category:Mutane daga jihar sokoto]] [[Category:Mutuwan 2018]] jdef58owmzcvy5sek9xw40umz7iwg8l 826402 826401 2026-04-26T04:56:36Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 826402 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Shehu Shagari''' Ɗan siyasan [[Najeriya]] ne. An haife shi a ranar ashirin da biyar 25 ga watan Fabrairu, shekara ta alif ɗari tara da Ashirin da Biyar 1925 a garin [[Shagari, Najeriya|Shagari]], [[Arewacin Najeriya]] (a yau [[Sokoto (jiha)|jihar Sokoto]])<ref name=":0">Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 13. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]]. </ref>, ya kuma rasu ne a ranar ashirin da Takwas 28 ga watan Disamba, shekara ta dubu biyu da sha takwas 2018 bayan jinya da gajeriyar rashin lafiya da ya yi a wani asibiti dake [[Abuja]]. Ya rasu yana ɗan shekara casa'in da uku (93) da haihuwa. Shehu Shagari ya zama [[Shugaban Najeriya|shugaban ƙasar Najeriya]] a watan Oktoban shekara ta alif dari tara da Saba'in da tara (1979), inda ya yi mulki har zuwa Disamban shekara ta alif da ɗari tara da tamanin da uku (1983), wanda sojoji suka kwace mulki a hunnunsa, a jagorancin [[Muhammadu Buhari]]. Shehu Shagari shine shugaban Najeriya da ya hau mulki ta sanadiyar zaɓe na farko.<ref><nowiki>https://hausa.legit.ng/news/1537778-tarihin-mulkin-najeriya-jerin-shugabannin-najeriya-16-da-kuma-jihohin-da-suka-fito/</nowiki></ref> [[Olusegun Obasanjo]] ne ya bayar da mulkin zuwa ga farar hula, a dalilin haka da matsi da mulkin sojoji ke fuskanta, ga rashin yin kataɓus, ganin hakan ne dai yasa Obasanjon ya bayar da mulkin amma ba'a kai ko’ina ba sai sojojin suka sake dawowa suka ƙwace mulki daga hannun farar hula, inda suka zargi mulkinsa da cin hanci da rashawa, haka ne ne dai ya kai ga [[Muhammadu Buhari]] ga zama shugaban Ƙasa a wanchan lokacin.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/jan/09/shehu-shagari-obituary</ref><ref>https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2018/12/28/life-and-time-of-alhaji-shehu-shagari/</ref> [[File:President Sharari of Nigeria is greeted by BGEN Archer Durham upon his arrival for a visit. Andrews AFB.jpg|thumb|Tsohon shugaban ƙasa Shehu Shagari]] [[File:Heads of State Cancun Summit 1981.jpg|thumb|Taron shugabannin kasashen a shekara 1981]] == Tarihi == [[Tarihi]] ya nuna cewa Shehu Shagari ya samo asali ne daga Muhammadu,wanda ɗan uwan kakan-kakan Shehu Shagari ne, Makiyayi ne kuma yana yawo da iyalansa baki ɗaya. Kuma an nuna cewa sun zauna a sifawa a shekara ta 1810, kuma ya zama daga cikin dakarun Shehu [[Usman Ɗan Fodiyo]]<ref name=":0" />. Hakazalika [[tarihi]] ya nuna cewa Shagari wani wuri ne wanda ya samo asali lokacin Shehu Ɗan Fodio sun tsaya tare da mutanen Muhammadu a wani wuri domin hutawa, sai dan Fodiyo yace, "Ku Sha Gari” (Fura da Nono). Daga nan aka sanya ma wurin Shagari, shi kuma shugaban Muhammadu Shagari. Muhammadu Shehu Shagari ya rasu kuma an binne shi a [[Shifawa]], inda aka binne Shehu Usman Ɗan Fodiyo. Muhammadu Shagari ya rasu ya bar ƴaƴa biyu Usman Da Iggi, wanda Iggi ne babba kuma an nada Iggi a matsayin magajin Shagari watau shugaban garin [[Shagari (Najeriya)|Shagari (Najeriya)]]. Bayan nadin sarautan Magajin Shagari, Igge tare da kawunsa Shehu dan Fodiyo suka ƙaro dakarun tsaro kuma aka zagaye garin Shagari da ganuwa<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 5. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. Daga nan garin Shagari ya fara bunƙasa a harkokin kasuwanci har ma ya mamaye ƙauyukan Sokoto ta kudu<ref name=":0" />.Ƴan kasuwa da matafiya kan yaɗa zango a garin Shagari a duk lokacin da dare yayi musu. Saboda mutanen garin suna da kara da kyawawan ɗabi'u da halaye masu kyau. Garin Shagari ya zama amintaccen gari mai zaman lafiya duk da yaƙe-yaƙe da akai ta yi a ƙarni na 19th  a ƙarƙashin magajin Shagarin. Sarautar Sokoto ƙarƙashin shari’ar musulunci<ref name=":0" />. Bayan [[Turawa]] sun kama [[Sokoto]], sababbin ƙauyuka sun samu an sanya garin Shagari ƙarƙashin mulkin Yabo<ref name=":0" />. Muhammadu Basharu ɗan Magaji Rufa’i ya sake zama magajin Shagari duk da sun rasa mulki bayan da Turawa suka zo. A lokacin da aka haɗa Kudanci da [[Arewacin Najeriya]], a shekara ta alif ɗari tara da sha huɗu (1914) aka naɗa Aliyu baban Shehu Shagari wanda ya gaji Galadima Bayan rasuwarsa da karɓar mulki daga hannun Muhammadu Basharu<ref name=":0" />. Bayan ƙirƙirar Jihohi, da ƙananan hukumomi a 1996, shagari ya zama sabon cibiyar ƙaramar hukumar- da yawan mutane 83,540 a ƙauyuka 10 dake ƙarƙashinsa. Garin Shagari Ya rasa mutane dalilin sabbin hanyoyin kasuwanci na zamani<ref name=":0" />. Duk da garin Shagari ba wata muhimmiyar alƙarya bace, amma [[tarihi]] ya nuna cewa garin ya wanzu cikin zaman lafiya da riƙon amana kusan mutanen garin na kula da harkokin gabansu ba tare da katsalandan ba<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 13. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. [[Tarihi]] ya nuna cewa an haifi Shehu Shagari ne a ranar laraba 8 ga watan [[Sha’aban]] (watan musulunci) a Shekarar 1925<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 14. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>.^{(p14) Mahaifiyar} Shehu Shagari na kiransa da inkiya Balarabe, saboda an haifeshi a Sha’aban<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p.14. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>.  Asalin sunan Shehu Shagari “Usman” wanda ya samo asali daga [[Uthman Ibn Affan]] sannan kuma sunan kakansa ne ƙanin Muhammadu shagari (wanda ya ƙirƙiro garin shagari) hakazalika sunan Shehu Usman Ɗan Fodiyo<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). pp. 14-15 [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. [[Hausawa]] kan kira Usman Shehu. Shehu shagari ɗa na uku ne a wajen mahifiyarsa<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 8. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. == Rayuwa da Ilimi == Shehu shagari ya fara ganin mota a rayuwarsa a lokacin yana dan shekara biyar a shekarar 1930, lokacin da [[sultan muhammadu Tambari]] (1925-1931) yazo garin Shagari ya kwana a gidan shehu shagari. ^(p16Tarihi ya nuna tun kafin a tura shehu shagari makarantar boko ya riga ya koyi ilimin addinin musulunci a wurin iyayensa da kuma manyan malamai<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 17. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. ^(p17 Shehu Shagari ya yi zurfin karatu a ilimin [[addini]] kuma a duk lokacin da ya sami hutu yakan tsaya ya koyar da [[ilimi]] a ƙauyensa<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 20. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. ^(p20) saboda a fahimatarsa, ilimi wani abu ne da ya jiɓinci rayuwa gaba ɗaya, tun daga farko har ƙarshe. Shehu Shagari ya shafe tsawon shekara 34 yana kuma koyarwa. Shehu Shagari ya bar garin shagari a karo na farko a shekarar 1931, inda ya tafi neman ilimin zamani watau boko a garin yabo. Mahaifinsa ya rasu lokacin yana da shekaru biyar<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 31 [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. == Siyasa ==  A shekara ta 1962 sultan Sir Saddiq Abubakar III ya naɗa shehu Shagari Turakin sokoto a matsayin minista wanda sir Ahmadu Bello ya naɗa a kawu a watan Aprilu a garin Kaduna<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria).pp. 57-58. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. A zaɓen watan oktoba, shekara ta 1960, wacce zata kawo ƴanci a ƙasar nan, jam’iyyan NPC (wanda sir Ahmadu Bello da Abubakar Tafawa Balewa  a matsayin mataimakinsa) yaci. An kuma naɗa shehu shagari da Alhaji Muhammadu Ribaɗu, Alhaji Inuwa Wada, Zanna Bukar Dipchorime, Waziri Ibrahim, Usman Sarki, Musa yar,adu'a matsayin ministocin ƙasa bayan da da Najeriya ta samu ƴanci kai<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). pp. 70-80. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. An naɗa Shehu shagari a matsayin ministan ayyuka da ɗuba a watan Mayun shekara ta 1965<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 103. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. Aikin shehu Shagari na farko a matsayinsa na minista shine canza sakatarorin gwamnati na turawa da ƴan najeriya<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p.90. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. A ranar 23 ga watan oktoba, shekara ta 1978, shehu Shagari ya yanke shawara fitowa takaran shugan ƙasa akan cewa zai janye idan har bai cinye yawan kuri’u ba<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p.200. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. A zaɓen da akayi a ranar asabar 9 ga watan December shekara ta 1978, shehu shagari ya cinye ƙuri’u 975, Maitama Sule 504, Adam Girome 293, Dr. Saraki 214, Traka 104, Prof Abubakar 92. (primary election held at casino cenema)<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). pp. 213-214. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. Jam’iyyar NPN na Shehu Shagari ta lashe kujeru 36 (37.89%) na sanatoci da 168 (37.41%) na kujerun ƴan majalissu. A ranar Alhamis da ƙarfe 12:40pm aka sanar Shehu Shagari yaci zaɓen shugaban ƙasa da ƙuri’u 5, 688857<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 227. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. An rantsar da shugaba na farko da aka  zaɓa a Najeriya (Shehu Shagari) ranar litinin a Tafawaɓalewa Square wanda dake Legas. == Ayyukan Cigaba == Daga cikin kamfanonin da Shehu Shagari ya samar sun haɗa da: * Ministry of steel develpment * Aledja steel plant a shekarar 1982 * Steel rolling mills katsina * Steel rolling mills oshogbo * Steel rolling mills jos. * Anambra motor company a shekarar 1980 * National truck manufacturing company kano a shekarar 1981 * Stey motors Bauchi * Leyland Ibadan * Private assembley company [[Illorin]], [[Onitsha]], [[Gusau]], [[Benin]] & [[Porthercourt]]<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria).p. 310. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. == Bibliyo == * Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]]. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&nbsp;50042754. ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Shagari, Shehu}} [[Category:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] [[Category:Shuwagabannin ƙasar Najeriya]] [[Category:Fulani]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1925]] [[Category:Mutane daga jihar sokoto]] [[Category:Mutuwan 2018]] 12doyu95rllt17hr9sghf0yrtskzxz0 826403 826402 2026-04-26T04:57:42Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 826403 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Shehu Shagari''' Ɗan siyasan [[Najeriya]] ne. An haife shi a ranar ashirin da biyar 25 ga watan Fabrairu, shekara ta alif ɗari tara da Ashirin da Biyar 1925 a garin [[Shagari, Najeriya|Shagari]], [[Arewacin Najeriya]] (a yau [[Sokoto (jiha)|jihar Sokoto]])<ref name=":0">Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 13. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]]. </ref>, ya kuma rasu ne a ranar ashirin da Takwas 28 ga watan Disamba, shekara ta dubu biyu da sha takwas 2018 bayan jinya da gajeriyar rashin lafiya da ya yi a wani asibiti dake [[Abuja]]. Ya rasu yana ɗan shekara casa'in da uku (93) da haihuwa. Shehu Shagari ya zama [[Shugaban Najeriya|shugaban ƙasar Najeriya]] a watan Oktoban shekara ta alif dari tara da Saba'in da tara (1979), inda ya yi mulki har zuwa Disamban shekara ta alif da ɗari tara da tamanin da uku (1983), wanda sojoji suka kwace mulki a hunnunsa, a jagorancin [[Muhammadu Buhari]]. Shehu Shagari shine shugaban Najeriya da ya hau mulki ta sanadiyar zaɓe na farko.<ref><nowiki>https://hausa.legit.ng/news/1537778-tarihin-mulkin-najeriya-jerin-shugabannin-najeriya-16-da-kuma-jihohin-da-suka-fito/</nowiki></ref> [[Olusegun Obasanjo]] ne ya bayar da mulkin zuwa ga farar hula, a dalilin haka da matsi da mulkin sojoji ke fuskanta, ga rashin yin kataɓus, ganin hakan ne dai yasa Obasanjon ya bayar da mulkin amma ba'a kai ko’ina ba sai sojojin suka sake dawowa suka ƙwace mulki daga hannun farar hula, inda suka zargi mulkinsa da cin hanci da rashawa, haka ne ne dai ya kai ga [[Muhammadu Buhari]] ga zama shugaban Ƙasa a wancan lokacin.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/jan/09/shehu-shagari-obituary</ref><ref>https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2018/12/28/life-and-time-of-alhaji-shehu-shagari/</ref> [[File:President Sharari of Nigeria is greeted by BGEN Archer Durham upon his arrival for a visit. Andrews AFB.jpg|thumb|Tsohon shugaban ƙasa Shehu Shagari]] [[File:Heads of State Cancun Summit 1981.jpg|thumb|Taron shugabannin kasashen a shekara 1981]] == Tarihi == [[Tarihi]] ya nuna cewa Shehu Shagari ya samo asali ne daga Muhammadu,wanda ɗan uwan kakan-kakan Shehu Shagari ne, Makiyayi ne kuma yana yawo da iyalansa baki ɗaya. Kuma an nuna cewa sun zauna a sifawa a shekara ta 1810, kuma ya zama daga cikin dakarun Shehu [[Usman Ɗan Fodiyo]]<ref name=":0" />. Hakazalika [[tarihi]] ya nuna cewa Shagari wani wuri ne wanda ya samo asali lokacin Shehu Ɗan Fodio sun tsaya tare da mutanen Muhammadu a wani wuri domin hutawa, sai dan Fodiyo yace, "Ku Sha Gari” (Fura da Nono). Daga nan aka sanya ma wurin Shagari, shi kuma shugaban Muhammadu Shagari. Muhammadu Shehu Shagari ya rasu kuma an binne shi a [[Shifawa]], inda aka binne Shehu Usman Ɗan Fodiyo. Muhammadu Shagari ya rasu ya bar ƴaƴa biyu Usman Da Iggi, wanda Iggi ne babba kuma an nada Iggi a matsayin magajin Shagari watau shugaban garin [[Shagari (Najeriya)|Shagari (Najeriya)]]. Bayan nadin sarautan Magajin Shagari, Igge tare da kawunsa Shehu dan Fodiyo suka ƙaro dakarun tsaro kuma aka zagaye garin Shagari da ganuwa<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 5. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. Daga nan garin Shagari ya fara bunƙasa a harkokin kasuwanci har ma ya mamaye ƙauyukan Sokoto ta kudu<ref name=":0" />.Ƴan kasuwa da matafiya kan yaɗa zango a garin Shagari a duk lokacin da dare yayi musu. Saboda mutanen garin suna da kara da kyawawan ɗabi'u da halaye masu kyau. Garin Shagari ya zama amintaccen gari mai zaman lafiya duk da yaƙe-yaƙe da akai ta yi a ƙarni na 19th  a ƙarƙashin magajin Shagarin. Sarautar Sokoto ƙarƙashin shari’ar musulunci<ref name=":0" />. Bayan [[Turawa]] sun kama [[Sokoto]], sababbin ƙauyuka sun samu an sanya garin Shagari ƙarƙashin mulkin Yabo<ref name=":0" />. Muhammadu Basharu ɗan Magaji Rufa’i ya sake zama magajin Shagari duk da sun rasa mulki bayan da Turawa suka zo. A lokacin da aka haɗa Kudanci da [[Arewacin Najeriya]], a shekara ta alif ɗari tara da sha huɗu (1914) aka naɗa Aliyu baban Shehu Shagari wanda ya gaji Galadima Bayan rasuwarsa da karɓar mulki daga hannun Muhammadu Basharu<ref name=":0" />. Bayan ƙirƙirar Jihohi, da ƙananan hukumomi a 1996, shagari ya zama sabon cibiyar ƙaramar hukumar- da yawan mutane 83,540 a ƙauyuka 10 dake ƙarƙashinsa. Garin Shagari Ya rasa mutane dalilin sabbin hanyoyin kasuwanci na zamani<ref name=":0" />. Duk da garin Shagari ba wata muhimmiyar alƙarya bace, amma [[tarihi]] ya nuna cewa garin ya wanzu cikin zaman lafiya da riƙon amana kusan mutanen garin na kula da harkokin gabansu ba tare da katsalandan ba<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 13. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. [[Tarihi]] ya nuna cewa an haifi Shehu Shagari ne a ranar laraba 8 ga watan [[Sha’aban]] (watan musulunci) a Shekarar 1925<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 14. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>.^{(p14) Mahaifiyar} Shehu Shagari na kiransa da inkiya Balarabe, saboda an haifeshi a Sha’aban<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p.14. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>.  Asalin sunan Shehu Shagari “Usman” wanda ya samo asali daga [[Uthman Ibn Affan]] sannan kuma sunan kakansa ne ƙanin Muhammadu shagari (wanda ya ƙirƙiro garin shagari) hakazalika sunan Shehu Usman Ɗan Fodiyo<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). pp. 14-15 [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. [[Hausawa]] kan kira Usman Shehu. Shehu shagari ɗa na uku ne a wajen mahifiyarsa<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 8. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. == Rayuwa da Ilimi == Shehu shagari ya fara ganin mota a rayuwarsa a lokacin yana dan shekara biyar a shekarar 1930, lokacin da [[sultan muhammadu Tambari]] (1925-1931) yazo garin Shagari ya kwana a gidan shehu shagari. ^(p16Tarihi ya nuna tun kafin a tura shehu shagari makarantar boko ya riga ya koyi ilimin addinin musulunci a wurin iyayensa da kuma manyan malamai<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 17. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. ^(p17 Shehu Shagari ya yi zurfin karatu a ilimin [[addini]] kuma a duk lokacin da ya sami hutu yakan tsaya ya koyar da [[ilimi]] a ƙauyensa<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 20. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. ^(p20) saboda a fahimatarsa, ilimi wani abu ne da ya jiɓinci rayuwa gaba ɗaya, tun daga farko har ƙarshe. Shehu Shagari ya shafe tsawon shekara 34 yana kuma koyarwa. Shehu Shagari ya bar garin shagari a karo na farko a shekarar 1931, inda ya tafi neman ilimin zamani watau boko a garin yabo. Mahaifinsa ya rasu lokacin yana da shekaru biyar<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 31 [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. == Siyasa ==  A shekara ta 1962 sultan Sir Saddiq Abubakar III ya naɗa shehu Shagari Turakin sokoto a matsayin minista wanda sir Ahmadu Bello ya naɗa a kawu a watan Aprilu a garin Kaduna<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria).pp. 57-58. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. A zaɓen watan oktoba, shekara ta 1960, wacce zata kawo ƴanci a ƙasar nan, jam’iyyan NPC (wanda sir Ahmadu Bello da Abubakar Tafawa Balewa  a matsayin mataimakinsa) yaci. An kuma naɗa shehu shagari da Alhaji Muhammadu Ribaɗu, Alhaji Inuwa Wada, Zanna Bukar Dipchorime, Waziri Ibrahim, Usman Sarki, Musa yar,adu'a matsayin ministocin ƙasa bayan da da Najeriya ta samu ƴanci kai<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). pp. 70-80. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. An naɗa Shehu shagari a matsayin ministan ayyuka da ɗuba a watan Mayun shekara ta 1965<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 103. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. Aikin shehu Shagari na farko a matsayinsa na minista shine canza sakatarorin gwamnati na turawa da ƴan najeriya<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p.90. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. A ranar 23 ga watan oktoba, shekara ta 1978, shehu Shagari ya yanke shawara fitowa takaran shugan ƙasa akan cewa zai janye idan har bai cinye yawan kuri’u ba<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p.200. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. A zaɓen da akayi a ranar asabar 9 ga watan December shekara ta 1978, shehu shagari ya cinye ƙuri’u 975, Maitama Sule 504, Adam Girome 293, Dr. Saraki 214, Traka 104, Prof Abubakar 92. (primary election held at casino cenema)<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). pp. 213-214. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. Jam’iyyar NPN na Shehu Shagari ta lashe kujeru 36 (37.89%) na sanatoci da 168 (37.41%) na kujerun ƴan majalissu. A ranar Alhamis da ƙarfe 12:40pm aka sanar Shehu Shagari yaci zaɓen shugaban ƙasa da ƙuri’u 5, 688857<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 227. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. An rantsar da shugaba na farko da aka  zaɓa a Najeriya (Shehu Shagari) ranar litinin a Tafawaɓalewa Square wanda dake Legas. == Ayyukan Cigaba == Daga cikin kamfanonin da Shehu Shagari ya samar sun haɗa da: * Ministry of steel develpment * Aledja steel plant a shekarar 1982 * Steel rolling mills katsina * Steel rolling mills oshogbo * Steel rolling mills jos. * Anambra motor company a shekarar 1980 * National truck manufacturing company kano a shekarar 1981 * Stey motors Bauchi * Leyland Ibadan * Private assembley company [[Illorin]], [[Onitsha]], [[Gusau]], [[Benin]] & [[Porthercourt]]<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria).p. 310. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. == Bibliyo == * Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]]. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&nbsp;50042754. ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Shagari, Shehu}} [[Category:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] [[Category:Shuwagabannin ƙasar Najeriya]] [[Category:Fulani]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1925]] [[Category:Mutane daga jihar sokoto]] [[Category:Mutuwan 2018]] gy2u5ryhxn03mhgbhwolm3ydxtp1zuq 826404 826403 2026-04-26T04:58:39Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 826404 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Shehu Shagari''' Ɗan siyasan [[Najeriya]] ne. An haife shi a ranar ashirin da biyar 25 ga watan Fabrairu, shekara ta alif ɗari tara da Ashirin da Biyar 1925 a garin [[Shagari, Najeriya|Shagari]], [[Arewacin Najeriya]] (a yau [[Sokoto (jiha)|jihar Sokoto]])<ref name=":0">Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 13. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]]. </ref>, ya kuma rasu ne a ranar ashirin da Takwas 28 ga watan Disamba, shekara ta dubu biyu da sha takwas 2018 bayan jinya da gajeriyar rashin lafiya da ya yi a wani asibiti dake [[Abuja]]. Ya rasu yana ɗan shekara casa'in da uku (93) da haihuwa. Shehu Shagari ya zama [[Shugaban Najeriya|shugaban ƙasar Najeriya]] a watan Oktoban shekara ta alif dari tara da Saba'in da tara (1979), inda ya yi mulki har zuwa Disamban shekara ta alif da ɗari tara da tamanin da uku (1983), wanda sojoji suka kwace mulki a hunnunsa, a jagorancin [[Muhammadu Buhari]]. Shehu Shagari shine shugaban Najeriya da ya hau mulki ta sanadiyar zaɓe na farko.<ref><nowiki>https://hausa.legit.ng/news/1537778-tarihin-mulkin-najeriya-jerin-shugabannin-najeriya-16-da-kuma-jihohin-da-suka-fito/</nowiki></ref> [[Olusegun Obasanjo]] ne ya bayar da mulkin zuwa ga farar hula, a dalilin haka da matsi da mulkin sojoji ke fuskanta, ga rashin yin kataɓus, ganin hakan ne dai yasa Obasanjon ya bayar da mulkin amma ba'a kai ko’ina ba sai sojojin suka sake dawowa suka ƙwace mulki daga hannun farar hula, inda suka zargi mulkinsa da cin hanci da rashawa, haka ne ne dai ya kai ga [[Muhammadu Buhari]] ga zama shugaban Ƙasa a wancan lokacin.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/jan/09/shehu-shagari-obituary</ref><ref>https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2018/12/28/life-and-time-of-alhaji-shehu-shagari/</ref> [[File:President Sharari of Nigeria is greeted by BGEN Archer Durham upon his arrival for a visit. Andrews AFB.jpg|thumb|Tsohon shugaban ƙasa Shehu Shagari]] [[File:Heads of State Cancun Summit 1981.jpg|thumb|Taron shugabannin kasashen a shekara 1981]] == Tarihi == [[Tarihi]] ya nuna cewa Shehu Shagari ya samo asali ne daga Muhammadu,wanda ɗan uwan kakan-kakan Shehu Shagari ne, Makiyayi ne kuma yana yawo da iyalansa baki ɗaya. Kuma an nuna cewa sun zauna a sifawa a shekara ta 1810, kuma ya zama daga cikin dakarun Shehu [[Usman Ɗan Fodiyo]]<ref name=":0" />. Hakazalika [[tarihi]] ya nuna cewa Shagari wani wuri ne wanda ya samo asali lokacin Shehu Ɗan Fodio sun tsaya tare da mutanen Muhammadu a wani wuri domin hutawa, sai dan Fodiyo yace, "Ku Sha Gari” (Fura da Nono). Daga nan aka sanya ma wurin Shagari, shi kuma shugaban Muhammadu Shagari. Muhammadu Shehu Shagari ya rasu kuma an binne shi a [[Shifawa]], inda aka binne Shehu Usman Ɗan Fodiyo. Muhammadu Shagari ya rasu ya bar ƴaƴa biyu Usman Da Iggi, wanda Iggi ne babba kuma an naɗa Iggi a matsayin magajin Shagari watau shugaban garin [[Shagari (Najeriya)|Shagari (Najeriya)]]. Bayan nadin sarautan Magajin Shagari, Igge tare da kawunsa Shehu dan Fodiyo suka ƙaro dakarun tsaro kuma aka zagaye garin Shagari da ganuwa<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 5. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. Daga nan garin Shagari ya fara bunƙasa a harkokin kasuwanci har ma ya mamaye ƙauyukan Sokoto ta kudu<ref name=":0" />.Ƴan kasuwa da matafiya kan yaɗa zango a garin Shagari a duk lokacin da dare yayi musu. Saboda mutanen garin suna da kara da kyawawan ɗabi'u da halaye masu kyau. Garin Shagari ya zama amintaccen gari mai zaman lafiya duk da yaƙe-yaƙe da akai ta yi a ƙarni na 19th  a ƙarƙashin magajin Shagarin. Sarautar Sokoto ƙarƙashin shari’ar musulunci<ref name=":0" />. Bayan [[Turawa]] sun kama [[Sokoto]], sababbin ƙauyuka sun samu an sanya garin Shagari ƙarƙashin mulkin Yabo<ref name=":0" />. Muhammadu Basharu ɗan Magaji Rufa’i ya sake zama magajin Shagari duk da sun rasa mulki bayan da Turawa suka zo. A lokacin da aka haɗa Kudanci da [[Arewacin Najeriya]], a shekara ta alif ɗari tara da sha huɗu (1914) aka naɗa Aliyu baban Shehu Shagari wanda ya gaji Galadima Bayan rasuwarsa da karɓar mulki daga hannun Muhammadu Basharu<ref name=":0" />. Bayan ƙirƙirar Jihohi, da ƙananan hukumomi a 1996, shagari ya zama sabon cibiyar ƙaramar hukumar- da yawan mutane 83,540 a ƙauyuka 10 dake ƙarƙashinsa. Garin Shagari Ya rasa mutane dalilin sabbin hanyoyin kasuwanci na zamani<ref name=":0" />. Duk da garin Shagari ba wata muhimmiyar alƙarya bace, amma [[tarihi]] ya nuna cewa garin ya wanzu cikin zaman lafiya da riƙon amana kusan mutanen garin na kula da harkokin gabansu ba tare da katsalandan ba<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 13. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. [[Tarihi]] ya nuna cewa an haifi Shehu Shagari ne a ranar laraba 8 ga watan [[Sha’aban]] (watan musulunci) a Shekarar 1925<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 14. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>.^{(p14) Mahaifiyar} Shehu Shagari na kiransa da inkiya Balarabe, saboda an haifeshi a Sha’aban<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p.14. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>.  Asalin sunan Shehu Shagari “Usman” wanda ya samo asali daga [[Uthman Ibn Affan]] sannan kuma sunan kakansa ne ƙanin Muhammadu shagari (wanda ya ƙirƙiro garin shagari) hakazalika sunan Shehu Usman Ɗan Fodiyo<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). pp. 14-15 [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. [[Hausawa]] kan kira Usman Shehu. Shehu shagari ɗa na uku ne a wajen mahifiyarsa<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 8. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. == Rayuwa da Ilimi == Shehu shagari ya fara ganin mota a rayuwarsa a lokacin yana dan shekara biyar a shekarar 1930, lokacin da [[sultan muhammadu Tambari]] (1925-1931) yazo garin Shagari ya kwana a gidan shehu shagari. ^(p16Tarihi ya nuna tun kafin a tura shehu shagari makarantar boko ya riga ya koyi ilimin addinin musulunci a wurin iyayensa da kuma manyan malamai<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 17. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. ^(p17 Shehu Shagari ya yi zurfin karatu a ilimin [[addini]] kuma a duk lokacin da ya sami hutu yakan tsaya ya koyar da [[ilimi]] a ƙauyensa<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 20. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. ^(p20) saboda a fahimatarsa, ilimi wani abu ne da ya jiɓinci rayuwa gaba ɗaya, tun daga farko har ƙarshe. Shehu Shagari ya shafe tsawon shekara 34 yana kuma koyarwa. Shehu Shagari ya bar garin shagari a karo na farko a shekarar 1931, inda ya tafi neman ilimin zamani watau boko a garin yabo. Mahaifinsa ya rasu lokacin yana da shekaru biyar<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 31 [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. == Siyasa ==  A shekara ta 1962 sultan Sir Saddiq Abubakar III ya naɗa shehu Shagari Turakin sokoto a matsayin minista wanda sir Ahmadu Bello ya naɗa a kawu a watan Aprilu a garin Kaduna<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria).pp. 57-58. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. A zaɓen watan oktoba, shekara ta 1960, wacce zata kawo ƴanci a ƙasar nan, jam’iyyan NPC (wanda sir Ahmadu Bello da Abubakar Tafawa Balewa  a matsayin mataimakinsa) yaci. An kuma naɗa shehu shagari da Alhaji Muhammadu Ribaɗu, Alhaji Inuwa Wada, Zanna Bukar Dipchorime, Waziri Ibrahim, Usman Sarki, Musa yar,adu'a matsayin ministocin ƙasa bayan da da Najeriya ta samu ƴanci kai<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). pp. 70-80. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. An naɗa Shehu shagari a matsayin ministan ayyuka da ɗuba a watan Mayun shekara ta 1965<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 103. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. Aikin shehu Shagari na farko a matsayinsa na minista shine canza sakatarorin gwamnati na turawa da ƴan najeriya<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p.90. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. A ranar 23 ga watan oktoba, shekara ta 1978, shehu Shagari ya yanke shawara fitowa takaran shugan ƙasa akan cewa zai janye idan har bai cinye yawan kuri’u ba<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p.200. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. A zaɓen da akayi a ranar asabar 9 ga watan December shekara ta 1978, shehu shagari ya cinye ƙuri’u 975, Maitama Sule 504, Adam Girome 293, Dr. Saraki 214, Traka 104, Prof Abubakar 92. (primary election held at casino cenema)<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). pp. 213-214. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. Jam’iyyar NPN na Shehu Shagari ta lashe kujeru 36 (37.89%) na sanatoci da 168 (37.41%) na kujerun ƴan majalissu. A ranar Alhamis da ƙarfe 12:40pm aka sanar Shehu Shagari yaci zaɓen shugaban ƙasa da ƙuri’u 5, 688857<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 227. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. An rantsar da shugaba na farko da aka  zaɓa a Najeriya (Shehu Shagari) ranar litinin a Tafawaɓalewa Square wanda dake Legas. == Ayyukan Cigaba == Daga cikin kamfanonin da Shehu Shagari ya samar sun haɗa da: * Ministry of steel develpment * Aledja steel plant a shekarar 1982 * Steel rolling mills katsina * Steel rolling mills oshogbo * Steel rolling mills jos. * Anambra motor company a shekarar 1980 * National truck manufacturing company kano a shekarar 1981 * Stey motors Bauchi * Leyland Ibadan * Private assembley company [[Illorin]], [[Onitsha]], [[Gusau]], [[Benin]] & [[Porthercourt]]<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria).p. 310. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. == Bibliyo == * Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]]. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&nbsp;50042754. ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Shagari, Shehu}} [[Category:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] [[Category:Shuwagabannin ƙasar Najeriya]] [[Category:Fulani]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1925]] [[Category:Mutane daga jihar sokoto]] [[Category:Mutuwan 2018]] bcorjh6apj844njqke7qf3088obcksw 826405 826404 2026-04-26T04:59:20Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 826405 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Shehu Shagari''' Ɗan siyasan [[Najeriya]] ne. An haife shi a ranar ashirin da biyar 25 ga watan Fabrairu, shekara ta alif ɗari tara da Ashirin da Biyar 1925 a garin [[Shagari, Najeriya|Shagari]], [[Arewacin Najeriya]] (a yau [[Sokoto (jiha)|jihar Sokoto]])<ref name=":0">Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 13. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]]. </ref>, ya kuma rasu ne a ranar ashirin da Takwas 28 ga watan Disamba, shekara ta dubu biyu da sha takwas 2018 bayan jinya da gajeriyar rashin lafiya da ya yi a wani asibiti dake [[Abuja]]. Ya rasu yana ɗan shekara casa'in da uku (93) da haihuwa. Shehu Shagari ya zama [[Shugaban Najeriya|shugaban ƙasar Najeriya]] a watan Oktoban shekara ta alif dari tara da Saba'in da tara (1979), inda ya yi mulki har zuwa Disamban shekara ta alif da ɗari tara da tamanin da uku (1983), wanda sojoji suka kwace mulki a hunnunsa, a jagorancin [[Muhammadu Buhari]]. Shehu Shagari shine shugaban Najeriya da ya hau mulki ta sanadiyar zaɓe na farko.<ref><nowiki>https://hausa.legit.ng/news/1537778-tarihin-mulkin-najeriya-jerin-shugabannin-najeriya-16-da-kuma-jihohin-da-suka-fito/</nowiki></ref> [[Olusegun Obasanjo]] ne ya bayar da mulkin zuwa ga farar hula, a dalilin haka da matsi da mulkin sojoji ke fuskanta, ga rashin yin kataɓus, ganin hakan ne dai yasa Obasanjon ya bayar da mulkin amma ba'a kai ko’ina ba sai sojojin suka sake dawowa suka ƙwace mulki daga hannun farar hula, inda suka zargi mulkinsa da cin hanci da rashawa, haka ne ne dai ya kai ga [[Muhammadu Buhari]] ga zama shugaban Ƙasa a wancan lokacin.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/jan/09/shehu-shagari-obituary</ref><ref>https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2018/12/28/life-and-time-of-alhaji-shehu-shagari/</ref> [[File:President Sharari of Nigeria is greeted by BGEN Archer Durham upon his arrival for a visit. Andrews AFB.jpg|thumb|Tsohon shugaban ƙasa Shehu Shagari]] [[File:Heads of State Cancun Summit 1981.jpg|thumb|Taron shugabannin kasashen a shekara 1981]] == Tarihi == [[Tarihi]] ya nuna cewa Shehu Shagari ya samo asali ne daga Muhammadu,wanda ɗan uwan kakan-kakan Shehu Shagari ne, Makiyayi ne kuma yana yawo da iyalansa baki ɗaya. Kuma an nuna cewa sun zauna a sifawa a shekara ta 1810, kuma ya zama daga cikin dakarun Shehu [[Usman Ɗan Fodiyo]]<ref name=":0" />. Hakazalika [[tarihi]] ya nuna cewa Shagari wani wuri ne wanda ya samo asali lokacin Shehu Ɗan Fodio sun tsaya tare da mutanen Muhammadu a wani wuri domin hutawa, sai dan Fodiyo yace, "Ku Sha Gari” (Fura da Nono). Daga nan aka sanya ma wurin Shagari, shi kuma shugaban Muhammadu Shagari. Muhammadu Shehu Shagari ya rasu kuma an binne shi a [[Shifawa]], inda aka binne Shehu Usman Ɗan Fodiyo. Muhammadu Shagari ya rasu ya bar ƴaƴa biyu Usman Da Iggi, wanda Iggi ne babba kuma an naɗa Iggi a matsayin magajin Shagari watau shugaban garin [[Shagari (Najeriya)|Shagari (Najeriya)]]. Bayan nadin sarautan Magajin Shagari, Igge tare da kawunsa Shehu dan Fodiyo suka ƙaro dakarun tsaro kuma aka zagaye garin Shagari da ganuwa<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 5. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. Daga nan garin Shagari ya fara bunƙasa a harkokin kasuwanci har ma ya mamaye ƙauyukan Sokoto ta kudu<ref name=":0" />.Ƴan kasuwa da matafiya kan yaɗa zango a garin Shagari a duk lokacin da dare yayi musu. Saboda mutanen garin suna da kara da kyawawan ɗabi'u da halaye masu kyau. Garin Shagari ya zama amintaccen gari mai zaman lafiya duk da yaƙe-yaƙe da akai ta yi a ƙarni na 19th  a ƙarƙashin magajin Shagarin. Sarautar Sokoto ƙarƙashin shari’ar musulunci<ref name=":0" />. Bayan [[Turawa]] sun kama [[Sokoto]], sababbin ƙauyuka sun samu an sanya garin Shagari ƙarƙashin mulkin Yabo<ref name=":0" />. Muhammadu Basharu ɗan Magaji Rufa’i ya sake zama magajin Shagari duk da sun rasa mulki bayan da Turawa suka zo. A lokacin da aka haɗa Kudanci da [[Arewacin Najeriya]], a shekara ta alif ɗari tara da sha huɗu (1914) aka naɗa Aliyu baban Shehu Shagari wanda ya gaji Galadima Bayan rasuwarsa da karɓar mulki daga hannun Muhammadu Basharu<ref name=":0" />. Bayan ƙirƙirar Jihohi, da ƙananan hukumomi a 1996, shagari ya zama sabon cibiyar ƙaramar hukumar- da yawan mutane 83,540 a ƙauyuka 10 dake ƙarƙashinsa. Garin Shagari Ya rasa mutane dalilin sabbin hanyoyin kasuwanci na zamani<ref name=":0" />. Duk da garin Shagari ba wata muhimmiyar alƙarya bace, amma [[tarihi]] ya nuna cewa garin ya wanzu cikin zaman lafiya da riƙon amana kusan mutanen garin na kula da harkokin gabansu ba tare da katsalandan ba<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 13. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. [[Tarihi]] ya nuna cewa an haifi Shehu Shagari ne a ranar Laraba 8 ga watan [[Sha’aban]] (watan musulunci) a Shekarar 1925<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 14. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>.^{(p14) Mahaifiyar} Shehu Shagari na kiransa da inkiya Balarabe, saboda an haifeshi a Sha’aban<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p.14. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>.  Asalin sunan Shehu Shagari “Usman” wanda ya samo asali daga [[Uthman Ibn Affan]] sannan kuma sunan kakansa ne ƙanin Muhammadu shagari (wanda ya ƙirƙiro garin shagari) hakazalika sunan Shehu Usman Ɗan Fodiyo<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). pp. 14-15 [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. [[Hausawa]] kan kira Usman Shehu. Shehu shagari ɗa na uku ne a wajen mahifiyarsa<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 8. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. == Rayuwa da Ilimi == Shehu shagari ya fara ganin mota a rayuwarsa a lokacin yana dan shekara biyar a shekarar 1930, lokacin da [[sultan muhammadu Tambari]] (1925-1931) yazo garin Shagari ya kwana a gidan shehu shagari. ^(p16Tarihi ya nuna tun kafin a tura shehu shagari makarantar boko ya riga ya koyi ilimin addinin musulunci a wurin iyayensa da kuma manyan malamai<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 17. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. ^(p17 Shehu Shagari ya yi zurfin karatu a ilimin [[addini]] kuma a duk lokacin da ya sami hutu yakan tsaya ya koyar da [[ilimi]] a ƙauyensa<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 20. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. ^(p20) saboda a fahimatarsa, ilimi wani abu ne da ya jiɓinci rayuwa gaba ɗaya, tun daga farko har ƙarshe. Shehu Shagari ya shafe tsawon shekara 34 yana kuma koyarwa. Shehu Shagari ya bar garin shagari a karo na farko a shekarar 1931, inda ya tafi neman ilimin zamani watau boko a garin yabo. Mahaifinsa ya rasu lokacin yana da shekaru biyar<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 31 [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. == Siyasa ==  A shekara ta 1962 sultan Sir Saddiq Abubakar III ya naɗa shehu Shagari Turakin sokoto a matsayin minista wanda sir Ahmadu Bello ya naɗa a kawu a watan Aprilu a garin Kaduna<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria).pp. 57-58. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. A zaɓen watan oktoba, shekara ta 1960, wacce zata kawo ƴanci a ƙasar nan, jam’iyyan NPC (wanda sir Ahmadu Bello da Abubakar Tafawa Balewa  a matsayin mataimakinsa) yaci. An kuma naɗa shehu shagari da Alhaji Muhammadu Ribaɗu, Alhaji Inuwa Wada, Zanna Bukar Dipchorime, Waziri Ibrahim, Usman Sarki, Musa yar,adu'a matsayin ministocin ƙasa bayan da da Najeriya ta samu ƴanci kai<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). pp. 70-80. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. An naɗa Shehu shagari a matsayin ministan ayyuka da ɗuba a watan Mayun shekara ta 1965<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 103. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. Aikin shehu Shagari na farko a matsayinsa na minista shine canza sakatarorin gwamnati na turawa da ƴan najeriya<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p.90. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. A ranar 23 ga watan oktoba, shekara ta 1978, shehu Shagari ya yanke shawara fitowa takaran shugan ƙasa akan cewa zai janye idan har bai cinye yawan kuri’u ba<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p.200. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. A zaɓen da akayi a ranar asabar 9 ga watan December shekara ta 1978, shehu shagari ya cinye ƙuri’u 975, Maitama Sule 504, Adam Girome 293, Dr. Saraki 214, Traka 104, Prof Abubakar 92. (primary election held at casino cenema)<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). pp. 213-214. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. Jam’iyyar NPN na Shehu Shagari ta lashe kujeru 36 (37.89%) na sanatoci da 168 (37.41%) na kujerun ƴan majalissu. A ranar Alhamis da ƙarfe 12:40pm aka sanar Shehu Shagari yaci zaɓen shugaban ƙasa da ƙuri’u 5, 688857<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 227. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. An rantsar da shugaba na farko da aka  zaɓa a Najeriya (Shehu Shagari) ranar litinin a Tafawaɓalewa Square wanda dake Legas. == Ayyukan Cigaba == Daga cikin kamfanonin da Shehu Shagari ya samar sun haɗa da: * Ministry of steel develpment * Aledja steel plant a shekarar 1982 * Steel rolling mills katsina * Steel rolling mills oshogbo * Steel rolling mills jos. * Anambra motor company a shekarar 1980 * National truck manufacturing company kano a shekarar 1981 * Stey motors Bauchi * Leyland Ibadan * Private assembley company [[Illorin]], [[Onitsha]], [[Gusau]], [[Benin]] & [[Porthercourt]]<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria).p. 310. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. == Bibliyo == * Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]]. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&nbsp;50042754. ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Shagari, Shehu}} [[Category:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] [[Category:Shuwagabannin ƙasar Najeriya]] [[Category:Fulani]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1925]] [[Category:Mutane daga jihar sokoto]] [[Category:Mutuwan 2018]] so5p8kyli9ympun6e2ha2ijgq4yze2z 826406 826405 2026-04-26T04:59:54Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 826406 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Shehu Shagari''' Ɗan siyasan [[Najeriya]] ne. An haife shi a ranar ashirin da biyar 25 ga watan Fabrairu, shekara ta alif ɗari tara da Ashirin da Biyar 1925 a garin [[Shagari, Najeriya|Shagari]], [[Arewacin Najeriya]] (a yau [[Sokoto (jiha)|jihar Sokoto]])<ref name=":0">Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 13. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]]. </ref>, ya kuma rasu ne a ranar ashirin da Takwas 28 ga watan Disamba, shekara ta dubu biyu da sha takwas 2018 bayan jinya da gajeriyar rashin lafiya da ya yi a wani asibiti dake [[Abuja]]. Ya rasu yana ɗan shekara casa'in da uku (93) da haihuwa. Shehu Shagari ya zama [[Shugaban Najeriya|shugaban ƙasar Najeriya]] a watan Oktoban shekara ta alif dari tara da Saba'in da tara (1979), inda ya yi mulki har zuwa Disamban shekara ta alif da ɗari tara da tamanin da uku (1983), wanda sojoji suka kwace mulki a hunnunsa, a jagorancin [[Muhammadu Buhari]]. Shehu Shagari shine shugaban Najeriya da ya hau mulki ta sanadiyar zaɓe na farko.<ref><nowiki>https://hausa.legit.ng/news/1537778-tarihin-mulkin-najeriya-jerin-shugabannin-najeriya-16-da-kuma-jihohin-da-suka-fito/</nowiki></ref> [[Olusegun Obasanjo]] ne ya bayar da mulkin zuwa ga farar hula, a dalilin haka da matsi da mulkin sojoji ke fuskanta, ga rashin yin kataɓus, ganin hakan ne dai yasa Obasanjon ya bayar da mulkin amma ba'a kai ko’ina ba sai sojojin suka sake dawowa suka ƙwace mulki daga hannun farar hula, inda suka zargi mulkinsa da cin hanci da rashawa, haka ne ne dai ya kai ga [[Muhammadu Buhari]] ga zama shugaban Ƙasa a wancan lokacin.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/jan/09/shehu-shagari-obituary</ref><ref>https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2018/12/28/life-and-time-of-alhaji-shehu-shagari/</ref> [[File:President Sharari of Nigeria is greeted by BGEN Archer Durham upon his arrival for a visit. Andrews AFB.jpg|thumb|Tsohon shugaban ƙasa Shehu Shagari]] [[File:Heads of State Cancun Summit 1981.jpg|thumb|Taron shugabannin kasashen a shekara 1981]] == Tarihi == [[Tarihi]] ya nuna cewa Shehu Shagari ya samo asali ne daga Muhammadu,wanda ɗan uwan kakan-kakan Shehu Shagari ne, Makiyayi ne kuma yana yawo da iyalansa baki ɗaya. Kuma an nuna cewa sun zauna a sifawa a shekara ta 1810, kuma ya zama daga cikin dakarun Shehu [[Usman Ɗan Fodiyo]]<ref name=":0" />. Hakazalika [[tarihi]] ya nuna cewa Shagari wani wuri ne wanda ya samo asali lokacin Shehu Ɗan Fodio sun tsaya tare da mutanen Muhammadu a wani wuri domin hutawa, sai dan Fodiyo yace, "Ku Sha Gari” (Fura da Nono). Daga nan aka sanya ma wurin Shagari, shi kuma shugaban Muhammadu Shagari. Muhammadu Shehu Shagari ya rasu kuma an binne shi a [[Shifawa]], inda aka binne Shehu Usman Ɗan Fodiyo. Muhammadu Shagari ya rasu ya bar ƴaƴa biyu Usman Da Iggi, wanda Iggi ne babba kuma an naɗa Iggi a matsayin magajin Shagari watau shugaban garin [[Shagari (Najeriya)|Shagari (Najeriya)]]. Bayan nadin sarautan Magajin Shagari, Igge tare da kawunsa Shehu dan Fodiyo suka ƙaro dakarun tsaro kuma aka zagaye garin Shagari da ganuwa<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 5. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. Daga nan garin Shagari ya fara bunƙasa a harkokin kasuwanci har ma ya mamaye ƙauyukan Sokoto ta kudu<ref name=":0" />.Ƴan kasuwa da matafiya kan yaɗa zango a garin Shagari a duk lokacin da dare yayi musu. Saboda mutanen garin suna da kara da kyawawan ɗabi'u da halaye masu kyau. Garin Shagari ya zama amintaccen gari mai zaman lafiya duk da yaƙe-yaƙe da akai ta yi a ƙarni na 19th  a ƙarƙashin magajin Shagarin. Sarautar Sokoto ƙarƙashin shari’ar musulunci<ref name=":0" />. Bayan [[Turawa]] sun kama [[Sokoto]], sababbin ƙauyuka sun samu an sanya garin Shagari ƙarƙashin mulkin Yabo<ref name=":0" />. Muhammadu Basharu ɗan Magaji Rufa’i ya sake zama magajin Shagari duk da sun rasa mulki bayan da Turawa suka zo. A lokacin da aka haɗa Kudanci da [[Arewacin Najeriya]], a shekara ta alif ɗari tara da sha huɗu (1914) aka naɗa Aliyu baban Shehu Shagari wanda ya gaji Galadima Bayan rasuwarsa da karɓar mulki daga hannun Muhammadu Basharu<ref name=":0" />. Bayan ƙirƙirar Jihohi, da ƙananan hukumomi a 1996, shagari ya zama sabon cibiyar ƙaramar hukumar- da yawan mutane 83,540 a ƙauyuka 10 dake ƙarƙashinsa. Garin Shagari Ya rasa mutane dalilin sabbin hanyoyin kasuwanci na zamani<ref name=":0" />. Duk da garin Shagari ba wata muhimmiyar alƙarya bace, amma [[tarihi]] ya nuna cewa garin ya wanzu cikin zaman lafiya da riƙon amana kusan mutanen garin na kula da harkokin gabansu ba tare da katsalandan ba<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 13. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. [[Tarihi]] ya nuna cewa an haifi Shehu Shagari ne a ranar Laraba 8 ga watan [[Sha’aban]] (watan musulunci) a Shekarar 1925<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 14. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>.^{(p14) Mahaifiyar} Shehu Shagari na kiransa da inkiya Balarabe, saboda an haifeshi a Sha’aban<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p.14. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>.  Asalin sunan Shehu Shagari “Usman” wanda ya samo asali daga [[Uthman Ibn Affan]] sannan kuma sunan kakansa ne ƙanin Muhammadu shagari (wanda ya ƙirƙiro garin shagari) hakazalika sunan Shehu Usman Ɗan Fodiyo<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). pp. 14-15 [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. [[Hausawa]] kan kira Usman Shehu. Shehu shagari ɗa na uku ne a wajen mahifiyarsa<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 8. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. == Rayuwa da Ilimi == Shehu shagari ya fara ganin mota a rayuwarsa a lokacin yana dan shekara biyar a shekarar 1930, lokacin da [[sultan muhammadu Tambari]] (1925-1931) yazo garin Shagari ya kwana a gidan shehu shagari. ^(p16Tarihi ya nuna tun kafin a tura shehu shagari makarantar boko ya riga ya koyi ilimin addinin musulunci a wurin iyayensa da kuma manyan malamai<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 17. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. ^(p17 Shehu Shagari ya yi zurfin karatu a ilimin [[addini]] kuma a duk lokacin da ya sami hutu yakan tsaya ya koyar da [[ilimi]] a ƙauyensa<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 20. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. ^(p20) saboda a fahimatarsa, ilimi wani abu ne da ya jiɓinci rayuwa gaba ɗaya, tun daga farko har ƙarshe. Shehu Shagari ya shafe tsawon shekara 34 yana kuma koyarwa. Shehu Shagari ya bar garin shagari a karo na farko a shekarar 1931, inda ya tafi neman ilimin zamani watau boko a garin yabo. Mahaifinsa ya rasu lokacin yana da shekaru biyar<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 31 [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. == Siyasa ==  A shekara ta 1962 sultan Sir Saddiq Abubakar III ya naɗa shehu Shagari Turakin sokoto a matsayin minista wanda sir Ahmadu Bello ya naɗa a kawu a watan Aprilu a garin Kaduna<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria).pp. 57-58. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. A zaɓen watan oktoba, shekara ta 1960, wacce zata kawo ƴanci a ƙasar nan, jam’iyyan NPC (wanda sir Ahmadu Bello da Abubakar Tafawa Balewa  a matsayin mataimakinsa) yaci. An kuma naɗa shehu shagari da Alhaji Muhammadu Ribaɗu, Alhaji Inuwa Wada, Zanna Bukar Dipchorime, Waziri Ibrahim, Usman Sarki, Musa yar,adu'a matsayin ministocin ƙasa bayan da da Najeriya ta samu ƴanci kai<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). pp. 70-80. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. An naɗa Shehu shagari a matsayin ministan ayyuka da ɗuba a watan Mayun shekara ta 1965<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 103. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. Aikin shehu Shagari na farko a matsayinsa na minista shine canza sakatarorin gwamnati na turawa da ƴan najeriya<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p.90. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. A ranar 23 ga watan oktoba, shekara ta 1978, shehu Shagari ya yanke shawara fitowa takaran shugan ƙasa akan cewa zai janye idan har bai cinye yawan ƙuri’u ba<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p.200. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. A zaɓen da akayi a ranar asabar 9 ga watan December shekara ta 1978, shehu shagari ya cinye ƙuri’u 975, Maitama Sule 504, Adam Girome 293, Dr. Saraki 214, Traka 104, Prof Abubakar 92. (primary election held at casino cenema)<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). pp. 213-214. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. Jam’iyyar NPN na Shehu Shagari ta lashe kujeru 36 (37.89%) na sanatoci da 168 (37.41%) na kujerun ƴan majalissu. A ranar Alhamis da ƙarfe 12:40pm aka sanar Shehu Shagari yaci zaɓen shugaban ƙasa da ƙuri’u 5, 688857<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 227. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. An rantsar da shugaba na farko da aka  zaɓa a Najeriya (Shehu Shagari) ranar litinin a Tafawaɓalewa Square wanda dake Legas. == Ayyukan Cigaba == Daga cikin kamfanonin da Shehu Shagari ya samar sun haɗa da: * Ministry of steel develpment * Aledja steel plant a shekarar 1982 * Steel rolling mills katsina * Steel rolling mills oshogbo * Steel rolling mills jos. * Anambra motor company a shekarar 1980 * National truck manufacturing company kano a shekarar 1981 * Stey motors Bauchi * Leyland Ibadan * Private assembley company [[Illorin]], [[Onitsha]], [[Gusau]], [[Benin]] & [[Porthercourt]]<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria).p. 310. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. == Bibliyo == * Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]]. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&nbsp;50042754. ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Shagari, Shehu}} [[Category:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] [[Category:Shuwagabannin ƙasar Najeriya]] [[Category:Fulani]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1925]] [[Category:Mutane daga jihar sokoto]] [[Category:Mutuwan 2018]] hru22vl0ebjcgpmvs1ap6vha9dshf0s 826407 826406 2026-04-26T05:02:24Z Ashiru Lawal 24821 826407 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Shehu Shagari''' Ɗan siyasan [[Najeriya]] ne. An haife shi a ranar ashirin da biyar 25 ga watan Fabrairu, shekara ta alif ɗari tara da Ashirin da Biyar 1925 a garin [[Shagari, Najeriya|Shagari]], [[Arewacin Najeriya]] (a yau [[Sokoto (jiha)|jihar Sokoto]])<ref name=":0">Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 13. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]]. </ref>, ya kuma rasu ne a ranar ashirin da Takwas 28 ga watan Disamba, shekara ta dubu biyu da sha takwas 2018 bayan jinya da gajeriyar rashin lafiya da ya yi a wani asibiti dake [[Abuja]]. Ya rasu yana ɗan shekara casa'in da uku (93) da haihuwa. Shehu Shagari ya zama [[Shugaban Najeriya|shugaban ƙasar Najeriya]] a watan Oktoban shekara ta alif dari tara da Saba'in da tara (1979), inda ya yi mulki har zuwa Disamban shekara ta alif da ɗari tara da tamanin da uku (1983), wanda sojoji suka kwace mulki a hunnunsa, a jagorancin [[Muhammadu Buhari]]. Shehu Shagari shine shugaban Najeriya da ya hau mulki ta sanadiyar zaɓe na farko.<ref><nowiki>https://hausa.legit.ng/news/1537778-tarihin-mulkin-najeriya-jerin-shugabannin-najeriya-16-da-kuma-jihohin-da-suka-fito/</nowiki></ref> [[Olusegun Obasanjo]] ne ya bayar da mulkin zuwa ga farar hula, a dalilin haka da matsi da mulkin sojoji ke fuskanta, ga rashin yin kataɓus, ganin hakan ne dai yasa Obasanjon ya bayar da mulkin amma ba'a kai ko’ina ba sai sojojin suka sake dawowa suka ƙwace mulki daga hannun farar hula, inda suka zargi mulkinsa da cin hanci da rashawa, haka ne ne dai ya kai ga [[Muhammadu Buhari]] ga zama shugaban Ƙasa a wancan lokacin.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/jan/09/shehu-shagari-obituary</ref><ref>https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2018/12/28/life-and-time-of-alhaji-shehu-shagari/</ref> [[File:President Sharari of Nigeria is greeted by BGEN Archer Durham upon his arrival for a visit. Andrews AFB.jpg|thumb|Tsohon shugaban ƙasa Shehu Shagari]] [[File:Heads of State Cancun Summit 1981.jpg|thumb|Taron shugabannin kasashen a shekara 1981]] == Tarihi == [[Tarihi]] ya nuna cewa Shehu Shagari ya samo asali ne daga Muhammadu,wanda ɗan uwan kakan-kakan Shehu Shagari ne, Makiyayi ne kuma yana yawo da iyalansa baki ɗaya. Kuma an nuna cewa sun zauna a sifawa a shekara ta 1810, kuma ya zama daga cikin dakarun Shehu [[Usman Ɗan Fodiyo]]<ref name=":0" />. Hakazalika [[tarihi]] ya nuna cewa Shagari wani wuri ne wanda ya samo asali lokacin Shehu Ɗan Fodio sun tsaya tare da mutanen Muhammadu a wani wuri domin hutawa, sai dan Fodiyo yace, "Ku Sha Gari” (Fura da Nono). Daga nan aka sanya ma wurin Shagari, shi kuma shugaban Muhammadu Shagari. Muhammadu Shehu Shagari ya rasu kuma an binne shi a [[Shifawa]], inda aka binne Shehu Usman Ɗan Fodiyo. Muhammadu Shagari ya rasu ya bar ƴaƴa biyu Usman Da Iggi, wanda Iggi ne babba kuma an naɗa Iggi a matsayin magajin Shagari watau shugaban garin [[Shagari (Najeriya)|Shagari (Najeriya)]]. Bayan nadin sarautan Magajin Shagari, Igge tare da kawunsa Shehu dan Fodiyo suka ƙaro dakarun tsaro kuma aka zagaye garin Shagari da ganuwa<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 5. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. Daga nan garin Shagari ya fara bunƙasa a harkokin kasuwanci har ma ya mamaye ƙauyukan Sokoto ta kudu<ref name=":0" />.Ƴan kasuwa da matafiya kan yaɗa zango a garin Shagari a duk lokacin da dare yayi musu. Saboda mutanen garin suna da kara da kyawawan ɗabi'u da halaye masu kyau. Garin Shagari ya zama amintaccen gari mai zaman lafiya duk da yaƙe-yaƙe da akai ta yi a ƙarni na 19th  a ƙarƙashin magajin Shagarin. Sarautar Sokoto ƙarƙashin shari’ar musulunci<ref name=":0" />. Bayan [[Turawa]] sun kama [[Sokoto]], sababbin ƙauyuka sun samu an sanya garin Shagari ƙarƙashin mulkin Yabo<ref name=":0" />. Muhammadu Basharu ɗan Magaji Rufa’i ya sake zama magajin Shagari duk da sun rasa mulki bayan da Turawa suka zo. A lokacin da aka haɗa Kudanci da [[Arewacin Najeriya]], a shekara ta alif ɗari tara da sha huɗu (1914) aka naɗa Aliyu baban Shehu Shagari wanda ya gaji Galadima Bayan rasuwarsa da karɓar mulki daga hannun Muhammadu Basharu<ref name=":0" />. Bayan ƙirƙirar Jihohi, da ƙananan hukumomi a 1996, shagari ya zama sabon cibiyar ƙaramar hukumar- da yawan mutane 83,540 a ƙauyuka 10 dake ƙarƙashinsa. Garin Shagari Ya rasa mutane dalilin sabbin hanyoyin kasuwanci na zamani<ref name=":0" />. Duk da garin Shagari ba wata muhimmiyar alƙarya bace, amma [[tarihi]] ya nuna cewa garin ya wanzu cikin zaman lafiya da riƙon amana kusan mutanen garin na kula da harkokin gabansu ba tare da katsalandan ba<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 13. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. [[Tarihi]] ya nuna cewa an haifi Shehu Shagari ne a ranar Laraba 8 ga watan [[Sha’aban]] (watan musulunci) a Shekarar 1925<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 14. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>.^{(p14) Mahaifiyar} Shehu Shagari na kiransa da inkiya Balarabe, saboda an haifeshi a Sha’aban<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p.14. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>.  Asalin sunan Shehu Shagari “Usman” wanda ya samo asali daga [[Uthman Ibn Affan]] sannan kuma sunan kakansa ne ƙanin Muhammadu shagari (wanda ya ƙirƙiro garin shagari) hakazalika sunan Shehu Usman Ɗan Fodiyo<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). pp. 14-15 [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. [[Hausawa]] kan kira Usman Shehu. Shehu shagari ɗa na uku ne a wajen mahifiyarsa<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 8. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. == Rayuwa da Ilimi == Shehu shagari ya fara ganin mota a rayuwarsa a lokacin yana dan shekara biyar a shekarar 1930, lokacin da [[sultan muhammadu Tambari]] (1925-1931) yazo garin Shagari ya kwana a gidan shehu shagari. ^(p16Tarihi ya nuna tun kafin a tura shehu shagari makarantar boko ya riga ya koyi ilimin addinin musulunci a wurin iyayensa da kuma manyan malamai<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 17. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. ^(p17 Shehu Shagari ya yi zurfin karatu a ilimin [[addini]] kuma a duk lokacin da ya sami hutu yakan tsaya ya koyar da [[ilimi]] a ƙauyensa<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 20. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. ^(p20) saboda a fahimatarsa, ilimi wani abu ne da ya jiɓinci rayuwa gaba ɗaya, tun daga farko har ƙarshe. Shehu Shagari ya shafe tsawon shekara 34 yana kuma koyarwa. Shehu Shagari ya bar garin shagari a karo na farko a shekarar 1931, inda ya tafi neman ilimin zamani watau boko a garin yabo. Mahaifinsa ya rasu lokacin yana da shekaru biyar<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 31 [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. == Siyasa ==  A shekara ta 1962 sultan Sir Saddiq Abubakar III ya naɗa shehu Shagari Turakin sokoto a matsayin minista wanda sir Ahmadu Bello ya naɗa a kawu a watan Aprilu a garin Kaduna<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria).pp. 57-58. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. A zaɓen watan oktoba, shekara ta 1960, wacce zata kawo ƴanci a ƙasar nan, jam’iyyan NPC (wanda sir Ahmadu Bello da Abubakar Tafawa Balewa  a matsayin mataimakinsa) yaci. An kuma naɗa shehu shagari da Alhaji Muhammadu Ribaɗu, Alhaji Inuwa Wada, Zanna Bukar Dipchorime, Waziri Ibrahim, Usman Sarki, Musa yar,adu'a matsayin ministocin ƙasa bayan da da Najeriya ta samu ƴanci kai<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). pp. 70-80. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. An naɗa Shehu shagari a matsayin ministan ayyuka da ɗuba a watan Mayun shekarar 1965<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 103. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. Aikin shehu Shagari na farko a matsayinsa na minista shine canza sakatarorin gwamnati na turawa da ƴan najeriya<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p.90. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. A ranar 23 ga watan oktoba, shekara ta 1978, shehu Shagari ya yanke shawara fitowa takaran shugan ƙasa akan cewa zai janye idan har bai cinye yawan ƙuri’u ba<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p.200. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. A zaɓen da akayi a ranar asabar 9 ga watan December shekara ta 1978, shehu shagari ya cinye ƙuri’u 975, Maitama Sule 504, Adam Girome 293, Dr. Saraki 214, Traka 104, Prof Abubakar 92. (primary election held at casino cenema)<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). pp. 213-214. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. Jam’iyyar NPN na Shehu Shagari ta lashe kujeru 36 (37.89%) na sanatoci da 168 (37.41%) na kujerun ƴan majalissu. A ranar Alhamis da ƙarfe 12:40pm aka sanar Shehu Shagari yaci zaɓen shugaban ƙasa da ƙuri’u 5, 688857<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). p. 227. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. An rantsar da shugaba na farko da aka  zaɓa a Najeriya (Shehu Shagari) ranar litinin a Tafawaɓalewa Square wanda dake Legas. == Ayyukan Cigaba == Daga cikin kamfanonin da Shehu Shagari ya samar sun haɗa da: * Ministry of steel develpment * Aledja steel plant a shekarar 1982 * Steel rolling mills katsina * Steel rolling mills oshogbo * Steel rolling mills jos. * Anambra motor company a shekarar 1980 * National truck manufacturing company kano a shekarar 1981 * Stey motors Bauchi * Leyland Ibadan * Private assembley company [[Illorin]], [[Onitsha]], [[Gusau]], [[Benin]] & [[Porthercourt]]<ref>Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria).p. 310. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]].</ref>. == Bibliyo == * Shagari, Shehu Usman Aliyu, 1925-2018. (2001). ''Shehu Shagari : beckoned to serve : an autobiography''. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books (Nigeria). [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-129-932-0|<bdi>978-129-932-0</bdi>]]. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]]&nbsp;50042754. ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Shagari, Shehu}} [[Category:Ƴan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] [[Category:Shuwagabannin ƙasar Najeriya]] [[Category:Fulani]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1925]] [[Category:Mutane daga jihar sokoto]] [[Category:Mutuwan 2018]] 607sp5cm25nbn332nt70zfyg8h2793k 0 7003 826365 802358 2026-04-25T21:38:56Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826365 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:E-Library, Delta State, Nigeria. 2.jpg|thumb|wajan karatu]] [[File:Delta state Polytechnic, Ogwashi-Uku, Delta state 12.jpg|thumb|makarantar kimiyya da fasa ]] '''Jihar Delta''' Jiha ce dake kudu maso kudancin [[Najeriya]]. Jihar ta samo sunanta ne daga yankin Niger Delta<ref>"Niger Delta | geographical region, Africa | Britannica". ''www.britannica.com''. Retrieved 2022-03-04.</ref> - wacce mafi akasarinta ke cikin jihar. An kirkiri jihar ne daga yankin tsohuwar [[Yankin Yamma ta Tsakiya, Najeriya|Jihar Bendel]] a ranar ashirin da bakwai 27 ga watan Agusta, shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da cassa'in da daya 1991. Jihar Delta ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Edo]] daga arewa, daga gabas kuma da jihohin [[Anambra]] da [[Jihar Rivers|Rivers]], sannan daga kudu kuma da Jihar [[Bayelsa]], sannan daga yamma kuma da yankin ''Bright of Benin,''<ref>"Nigeria: Administrative Division (States and Local Government Areas) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map". ''www.citypopulation.de''. Retrieved 2022-03-11.</ref> wacce ta mamaye a kalla kilomita dari da sittin 160 na yankin ruwayen garin. An kirkiri jihar ne daga farko da kananan hukumomi Sha biyar 15 a shekarar 1991, sai daga baya aka kara ta koma sha tara 19, sannan daga bisani kuma zuwa kananan hukumomi ashirin da biyar. Babban birnin Jihar itace [[Asaba (Najeriya)|Asaba]] wacce ke yankin Kogin Neje daga karshen arewa maso Gabashin jihar, a yayin da [[Warri]] ke taka rawa a matsayi cibiyar kasuwancin daga kudu maso yammacin gabar ruwan jihar. Acikin jihohi talatin da shida 36 da ke a kasar Najeriya, Jihar Delta ita ce ta ashirin da uku a fadin kasa kuma ita ce ta sha biyu 12 a yawan jama'a da mutane kimanin miliyan biyar da dugo shida 5.6 a bisa kiyasin kidayar shekara ta dubu biyu da sha shida 2016.<ref>"Population 2006-2016". ''[[National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria|National Bureau of Statistics]]''. Retrieved 14 December dubu biyu da ashirin da daya 2021.</ref> Jihar, ta fuskar yanayin kasa ta kasu zuwa Mangrove na Afirka ta tsakiya daga yankin ruwa na kudu maso yamma da kuma dajika masu kwari irin na Najeriya wacce ta mamaye daukacin jihar da kuma dazuka masu fadama daga kuryar Kudancin jihar. Wani muhimmi al'amari a jihar sune gabar [[Neja (kogi)|Kogin Nej]]<nowiki/>a da rassan sa da kuma Sauran ruwayen kaman [[Kogin Forçados]] wanda ke gudana daga yammaci da gabashin iyakokin Jihar Delta kuma ya fada Kogin Neja, da kuma [[Kogin Escravos]] wacce ke kwarara ta [[Warri]] sa'annan kuma yawancin yankunan ruwayen garin na dauke ne da dimbin dananan rafuka wadanda suka samar da akasarin yammacin [[Niger Delta]]. Mafi akasarin dabbobi da ake samu a yankin sun hada da; kadoji, tsuntsaye Parrot, nauyin kerkeci na ''African fish eagle,'' da birai na Mona, da kuma damisan Afirka, da kuma nau'in biran chimpanzee na Najeriya da Kamaru.<ref>Lameed, GA (2009). "Potential impact on biodiversity in kwale's forest reserve by power plant establishments". ''African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development''. '''9''' (30): 1878–1900. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.18697/ajfand.30.1750. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]] 240141039. Retrieved 19 December 2021.</ref><ref>Ijeomah, HM; Oruh, EK (2015). "Wildlife based business activities in Ogbe–Ijaw market of Delta state, Nigeria". ''Journal of Agriculture and Social Research''. '''12''' (2). Retrieved 19 December 2021.</ref> [[Fayil:Flag of Delta State.gif|thumb|Logon jihar Delta]] Jihar Delta ta yau ta kunshi kabilu da dama na tsawon lokaci wanda suka hada da [[Mutanen Isoko|kabilar Isoko]] da [[Harshen Eruwa]] wanda suka mamaye yankunan tsakiyar jihar; [[kabilar Ukwuani]] daga gabas; yayinda [[Mutanen Ika|kabilar Ika]], [[Mutanen Olukumi|Olukumi]] da kuma [[Ozanogogo]] suka mamaye arewa maso Gabashin jihar; Anioma daga arewa maso yamma; kabilu Ijaw, Itsekiri, Urhobo, da Uvwie daga yankin arewa maso yamma. Kafin zuwan Turawan mulkin mallaka, yankin Jihar Delta ta yau ta kasu zuwa masarautu masu mulkin kansu kamar su [[Masarautar Warri|MasaraWarri]] da [[Masarautar Agbon]] kafin su zamo yankin mulkin mallakar Turawa na Oil River Protectorate a shekara ta dubu daya da dari takwas da tamanin da hudu 1884. A shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara 1900, Turawa sun hade yankin (wato Niger Coast Protectorate) da yankin Mulkin Mallakan Turawa na Kudu wacce daga bisani ta zamo Najeriya ta Burtaniya. Duk da haka, Turawan mulkin mallaka basu gama samun cikakken iko akan yankin ba sai a shekarar 1910 a dalilin rikice-rikicen [[Ekumeku Movement]]. Kamar yadda aka sani, acikin Jihar Delta akwai yankunan da ke karkashin ikon kasar Faransa wanda turawan Burtaniya suka sake wa Faransa [[Yankunan Forcados da Badjibo]] a tasakanin shekara ta 1903 zuwa shekara ta 1930. Bayan samun 'yancin kai, yankin Jihar Delta ta yau na daga cikin yankin [[Jihar Yammacin Najeriya]] bayan samun 'yancin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1963, lokacin da aka raba yankin kuma jihar ta fada karkashin [[Yankin Yamma ta Tsakiya, Najeriya|Yankin Yamma ta Tsakiya ta Najeriya]]. Haka zalika a shekarar 1967 ne yankin Inyamurai watau tsohuwar [[Yankin Gabashin Najeriya]] ta suka so kafa sabuwar kasar [[Biyafara]] kuma suka kaiwa [[Yankin Yamma ta Tsakiya, Najeriya|Yankin Yamma ta Tsakiya]] hari tare da nufin kame Jihar [[Lagos]] kuma su kawo karshen [[Yakin basasar Najeriya|Yakin]] amma an hanasu kuma an kora su na dan lokaci amma daga baya suka kame yankin (harda Jihar Delta ta yau) suka rada mata suna [[Jamhuriyar Benin (1967)|Tarayyar Benin]]. Acikin wannan hali, anyi kazamin barna a tsakanin sojojin Biyafara da kuma mutane mazauna yankin Jihar Delta ta yau, tare da kisan gilla da 'yan Bifara ke yiwa 'yan ainihin kabilun [[Hausawa|Hausa]], [[Urhobo]] da kuma [[Mutanen Ijaw|Kabilar Ijaw]]; haka zalika, sojojin Najeriya a yayin amsar jihar sun gudanar da [[Kisan kiyashin Asaba]] ga mutanen asalin yaren Igbo. Yakin ya kawo karshe kuma an mayar da [[Yankin Yamma ta Tsakiya, Najeriya|Yankin Yamma ta Tsakiya]] cikin Najeriya, har zuwa shekarar 1976 lokacin da aka sauya mata suna zuwa [[Yankin Yamma ta Tsakiya, Najeriya|Jihar Bendel]]. A shekarar 1991, an raba Jihar Bendel, arewacinta ta zamo [[Edo|Jihar Edo]], yayinda kudancinta ta zamo Jihar Delta.<ref>"This is how the 36 states were created". ''Pulse.ng''. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 15 December2021.</ref> Tattalin arzikin jihar<ref>"Brief History of Delta State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 2022-03-11.</ref> sun ta'allaka ne akan samar da man fetur da gas, a matsayin daya daga cikin muhimman jihohin dake samar da man fetur a Nejeriya.<ref>Akanbi, Festus (19 September 2021). "As Anambra, Kogi Join Oil-producing States". ''[[ThisDay]]''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref> Kadan daga cikin muhimman masana'antun sun hada da noma yayin da jihar ke samar da isashhen [[manja]], [[doya]] da [[rogo]] dangane da kamun/kiwon kifi da samar da fure. Dangane da albarkacin man fetur, jihar ita ce ta hudu acikin [[Jerin Jihohi Najeriya dangane da Ma'aunin Cigaban Jama'a]] a kasar; duk da haka, rikice-rikice tsakanin kamfanonin mai da kuma mutanen garin sun kawo cikas dangane da cin hanci da rashawa wanda suka janyo rashin ci gaba musamman a yankunan da ake hako man.<ref>"Human Development Indices". ''Global Data Lab''. Retrieved 15 December 2021.</ref><ref>Ebiri, Kelvin (17 November 2019). "Oil-producing communities reek of poverty despite over N10t 13% derivation". ''The Guardian''. Retrieved 21 December2021.</ref> == Yanayin kasa == [[Fayil:Danube Delta ESA23450088.jpeg|thumb|Yanayin kasa Delta]] Jihar na da fadin fili na kimanin 18,050 km² (6,970 sq mi) wanda fiye da kashi 60% doron kasa ne. Jihar na nan a lambobin wuri a kalla 5°00' da 6°45' E da kuma 5°00'da 6°30' N.<ref>Ebewore, Solomon Okeoghene (2020-01-01). "Rural Folks Perception of Suicide Drivers in rural communities of Delta State, Nigeria: Implications for Societal and Agricultural Security". ''Open Agriculture''. '''5'''(1): 50–62. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.1515/opag-2020-0005. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 2391-9531.</ref> Tana nan a [[Yankin Yamma ta Tsakiya, Najeriya|Yankin Yamma ta Tsakiyan Najeriya]] kuma ta hada iyaka da Jihar [[Edo]] daga arewa, daga gabas kuma da jihohin [[Anambra]] da  [[Jihar Rivers|Rivers]], sannan daga kudu kuma da Jihar [[Bayelsa]], sannan daga yamma kuma da yankin ''Bright of Benin'' wanda ya mamaye kilomitoci 160km na yankin ruwan jihar. Jihar Delta na kan kwari ne ba tare da tudu ko guda ba. Akwai yankunan ruwa da dama a jihar wadanda suke hade da koramu wanda suka samar da yankin [[Niger Delta|Kogin Niger Delta]].<ref>"Brief History of Delta State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". ''www.nigeriagalleria.com''. Retrieved 2021-07-12.</ref> == Tarihi == An kirkiri Jihar Delta ne daga tsohuwar Jihar Bendel a ranar 27 ga watan Augustan shekara ta 1991.<ref>"Seven sharp facts about Delta State". ''BBC News Pidgin''. 2019-02-06. Retrieved 2020-09-04.</ref> An samar da jihar ne a sanadiyyar riritawa don samar da jiha ta daban da mutanen ainihi na Gundumar Delta suka yi.<ref>Alabi, Tope (2017-03-21). "10 things we bet you didn't know about Delta State". ''Information Nigeria''. Retrieved 2020-09-23.</ref> Haka zalika akwai bukata ta sabuwar jihar mai suna "Jihar Anioma" wanda ta hada da yankunan [[Asaba (Najeriya)|Asaba]] da [[Agbor]] na yankin tsohuwar Yankin Yamma ta Tsakiya.<ref>Alabi, Tope (2017-03-21). "10 things we bet you didn't know about Delta State". ''Information Nigeria''. Retrieved 2020-09-23.</ref> Shugaban kasa soja na lokacin Gen. [[Ibrahim Babangida]] ya zaba Jihar Delta tare da [[Asaba (Najeriya)|Asaba]] wata shahararriyar birnin a yankin arewa maso yammacin [[Niger Delta|Niger]] a matsayin babban birnin jihar. Jihar Delta ta kasance a da daga cikin Yankin Yamma ta Tsakiya daga shekarar ta 1963 zuwa ta 1976, daga bisani kum Jihar Bendel a tsakanin shekara ta 1976 zuwa shekaran ta 1991. Sunan "Bendel" ta samo asali daga tsaffin gundomomin Benin da Delta na Yankin Yammacin Delta don nuna muhimmancin gundumomin guda biyu (Benin da Delta).<ref>Oseni, Z. I. (1987-01-01). "Modern Arabic and Islamic studies in Bendel state of Nigeria". ''Institute of Muslim Minority Affairs Journal''. '''8''' (1): 183–192. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.1080/02666958708716027. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 0266-6952.</ref> == Mutane == Mazauna Jihar Delta sun hada da kabilu kamar haka: [[Urhobo]], [[Mutanen Isoko|Isoko]], [[Mutanen Ika|Ika]], Aniocha-Oshimili, [[Mutanen Itsekiri|Itsekiri]], da kuma [[Mutanen Olukumi|Olukumi]].<ref>Alabi, Tope (2017-03-21). "10 things we bet you didn't know about Delta State". ''Information Nigeria''. Retrieved 2020-09-23.</ref> [[Fayil:Abavo Market (Delta State, Nigeria) (2386307032).jpg|thumb|Mutanen Delta]] Kabilar [[Urhobo-Isoko]] na da mafi rinjayen mutane kuma a yanzu akwai mutum akalla miliyan 2.6 a jihar.<ref>"Unveiling Nigeria - state". ''www.unveilingnigeria.ng''. Retrieved 2022-04-20.</ref> Gungun yaruka na Iboid na jihar sun hada da [[Mutanen Anioma]] (mutanen gari mai kyau).<ref>https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ujah/article/view/166014/155449^{[''[[Wikipedia:Bare URLs|bare URL PDF]]'']}</ref> kabilar Itsekiri na amfani da yare mai kama da yarbanci amma yana da alaka da al'adun [[Mutanen Edo|kabilar Edo]] na Jihar Edo, hadi da yarukan Urhobo da Ijaw. Kabilar Ijaw mutane ne masu alaka da makwabtansu na Jihar Bayelsa,<ref>"Showcasing The Ijaw Culture and People of Bayelsa from South-South Nigeria - Courtesy The Scout Association of Nigeria". ''www.scout.org'' (in Arabic). Retrieved 2020-09-23.</ref> yayinda yaren Olukumi suka fara bacewa ta fuskar al'ada da yare,<ref>Arokoyo, Bolanle (January 2020). "OLUKUMI DOCUMENTATION AND REVITALIZATION". ''[[ResearchGate]]''. Retrieved 2020-09-23.</ref> a dalilin cudanya da wasu harsunan. == Gwamnati == An zabi [[Arthur Okowa Ifeanyi]], dan takara a karkashin jam'iyyar PDP a matsayin gwamnan Jihar Delta a cikin watan Afrilun 2015.<ref>"Okowa wins Delta guber poll, Ogboru threatens suit". ''The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News''. 2015-04-14. Retrieved 2021-06-24.</ref> Mataimakinsa shi ne [[Kingsley Otuaro]].<ref>"Delta State Government". Retrieved 2021-06-24.</ref> Jihar na da mazabu uku (Arewa, Kudu da Tsakiya). Sanatocin da aka zaba a zaben shekara ta 2011 zuwa shekara ta 2013 sune [[James Manager]], [[Arthur Okowa Ifeanyi]] da kuma Emmanuel Aguariavwodo wanda ya maye gurbin [[Pius Ewherido Akpor|Pius Ewherido]] wanda ya rasu a shekara ta 2013 a Asibitin Tarayya dake Abuja.<ref>"delta state history". ''MYSCHOOLLIBRARY''. Retrieved 2021-06-24</ref> An zabi Chief Ighoyeta Amori a zaben shekara ta 2015, amma an soke nasa zaben kuma an rantsar da Sanata [[Ovie Omo-Agege]] a matsayin sanata mai wakiltar Delta ta Tsakiya.<ref name=":0">"DELTA POLITICS: How providence smiled on Senator Ovie Omo-Agege". ''Vanguard News''. 2021-04-18. Retrieved 2021-06-24.</ref><ref name=":0" /> [[James Manager]] ya koma kujerarsa kuma an zabi [[Peter Nwaoboshi]] a matsayin sanata mai wakiltar Arewacin jihar. [[Fayil:Delta State House of Assembly entrance.jpg|thumb|Majalissar dokokin jihar Delta]] === Gwamnatocin gaba da na baya === *[[Ifeanyi Okowa]] - a ranar 29 ga watan Mayu shekaran ta 2015 har zuwa yau PDP<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://deltastate.gov.ng/former-administrations | title=Past Administrations &#124; Delta State Government | access-date=2022-08-17 | archive-date=2019-09-05 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190905151925/http://deltastate.gov.ng/former-administrations | url-status=dead }}</ref> *[[Emmanuel Uduaghan]] -a ranar 29 ga watan Mayun shekara ta 2007 zuwa 29 ga watan Mayun 2015 ([[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]])<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-09-22|title=Ex-Delta gov, Uduaghan, bows to pressure, set to return to PDP|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/09/ex-delta-gov-uduaghan-bows-to-pressure-set-to-return-to-pdp/|access-date=2021-06-24|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}</ref> *[[James Ibori]] - a ranar 29 Mayun 1999 zuwa 29 ga watan Mayun 2007 ([[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|PDP]])<ref>{{Cite web|last=AfricaNews|date=2017-02-04|title=Ex Nigerian governor who stole $250m returns home after release from UK jail|url=https://www.africanews.com/2017/02/04/ex-nigerian-governor-who-stole-250m-returns-home-after-release-from-uk-jail/|access-date=2021-06-24|website=Africanews|language=en}}</ref> *[[Walter Feghabo]] - a ranar 12 ga watan Augustan 1998 zuwa 29 ga watan Mayun 1999 (mulkin soja) *[[John Dungs]] - 22 Augustan 1996 zuwa 12 Augustan 1998 (mulkin soja) *[[Ibrahim Kefas]] - a ranar 26 ga watan Satumba 1994 zuwa 22 ga watan Agustan 1996 (mulkin soja)<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-05-21|title=Take A Tour Of Gbagi's Exquisite Villa|url=https://cherrylmedia.com/2021/05/21/take-a-tour-of-gbagis-exquisite-villa/|access-date=2021-06-24|website=CHERRYL MEDIA|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-06-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624203801/https://cherrylmedia.com/2021/05/21/take-a-tour-of-gbagis-exquisite-villa/|url-status=dead}}</ref> *[[Bassey Asuquo]] - a ranar 10 ga watan Disamba 1993 zuwa 26 Satumban 1994 (mulkin soja)<ref>{{Cite web|last=Emmanuel|first=Odang|date=2021-03-13|title=General Sani Abacha -|url=https://rainbownigeria.com/2021/03/13/general-sani-abacha/|access-date=2021-06-24|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-06-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624203614/https://rainbownigeria.com/2021/03/13/general-sani-abacha/|url-status=dead}}</ref> *[[Abdulkadir Shehu]] - 17 November 1993 - 10 December 1993 (mulkin sojay)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Delta State Current Affairs: Delta State Governors (1991 - Date)|url=http://deltastatecurrentaffairs.blogspot.com/p/delta-state-governors-1991-date.html|access-date=2021-06-24|website=Delta State Current Affairs}}</ref> *[[Luke Chijiuba Ochulor]] - 28 August 1991 - January 1992 (mulkin soja)<ref>{{Cite web|date=2013-04-04|title=Delta 2015 and the Anioma quest for equity|url=https://businessday.ng/analysis/article/delta-2015-and-the-anioma-quest-for-equity/|access-date=2021-06-24|website=Businessday NG|language=en-US}}</ref> *[[Felix Ibru]] - January 1992 - November 1993 ([[Social Democratic Party|SDP]])<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dailytrust News, Sports and Business, Politics {{!}} Dailytrust|url=https://dailytrust.com/|access-date=2021-06-24|website=Daily Trust|language=en}}</ref> == Kananan Hukumomi == [[File:Delta State Athletics logo.png|thumb|logo na jihar Delta]] Jihar Delta tana da adadin [[Kananan Hukumomin Nijeriya|Kananan hukumomi]] guda ashirin da biyar (25), an kawo su a jere a jadawalin dake kasa tare da kasafin kidayar shekara ta 2006: {| class="wikitable" |- ! Shiyar Sanata na Tsakiyar Jihar Delta !! 1,575,738 !! !! Shiyar Sanata ta Jihar Delta ta Arewa !! 1,293,074 !! !! Shiyar Sanata ta Jihar Delta ta Kudu !! 1,229,282 |- | [[Ethiope ta Gabas]] || 200,942 || || [[Aniocha ta Arewa]] ||104,062|| || [[Bomadi]] || 86,016 |- | [[Ethiope ta Yamma]] || 202,712 || || [[Aniocha ta Kudu]] || 142,045 || || [[Burutu]] || 207,977 |- | [[Okpe]] || 128,398 || || [[Ika ta Arewa maso Gabas]] || 182,819 || || [[Isoko ta Arewa]] || 143,559 |- | [[Sapele, Nigeria|Sapele]] || 174,273 || || [[Ika ta Kudu]] || 167,060 || || [[Isoko ta Kudu]] || 235,147 |- | [[Udu, Nigeria|Udu]] || 142,480 || || [[Ndokwa ta Gabas]] || 103,224 || || [[Patani, Nigeria|Patani]] || 67,391 |- | [[Ughelli ta Arewa]] || 320,687 || || [[Ndokwa ta Yamma]] || 150,024 || || [[Warri ta Arewa]] || 136,149 |- | [[Ughelli ta Kudu]] || 212,638 || || [[Oshimili ta Arewa]] || 118,540 || || [[Warri ta Kudu]] || 311,970 |- | [[Uvwie]] || 188,728 || || [[Oshimili ta Kudu]] || 150,032 || || [[Warri ta Kudu maso Yamma]] || 116,538 |- | || || || [[Ukwuani]] || 119,034 || || || |} ==Kananan hukumomi da harsuna== Harsunan Jihar Delta dangane da kananan hukumominsu:<ref name=e22>{{Cite news|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/country/NG|title=Nigeria|work=Ethnologue|edition=22|access-date=2020-01-10}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" ! LGA !! Languages |- | [[Aniocha ta Arewa]] || [[Harshen Ibo|Igbo]] |- | [[Aniocha ta Kudu]] || [[Harshen Ibo|Igbo]] |- | [[Burutu]] || [[Harshen Izon|Izon]] |- | [[Bomadi]] || [[Harshen Izon|Izon]] |- | [[Ethiope ta Gabas]] || [[Urhobo language|Urhobo]] |- | [[Ethiope ta Yamma]] || [[Urhobo language|Urhobo]] |- | Ika ta Arewa || [[Ika language (Nigeria)|Ika]] |- | [[Ika ta Kudu]] || [[Ika language (Nigeria)|Ika]] |- | [[Isoko ta Arewa]] || [[Isoko language|Isoko]] |- | [[Isoko ta Kudu]] || [[Isoko language|Isoko]] |- | [[Ndokwa ta Gabas]] || [[Ukwuani language|Ukwuani]] |- | [[Ndokwa ta Yamma]] || [[Ukwuani language|Ukwuani]] |- | [[Oshimili ta Arewa]] || [[Harshen Ibo|Igbo]] |- | [[Oshimili ta Kudu]] || [[Harshen Ibo|Igbo]] |- | Okpe || [[Harshen Urhobo|Urhobo]] |- | Patani || [[Harshen Izon|Izon]], [[Urhobo language|Urhobo]] |- | [[Sapele, Delta|Sapele]]|| [[Urhobo language|Urhobo]], |- | Udu || [[Harshen Urhobo|Urhobo]] |- | [[Ughelli ta Arewa]] || [[Harshen Urhobo|Urhobo]] |- | [[Ughelli ta Kudu]] || [[Harshen Urhobo|Urhobo]] |- | Ukwuani || [[Harshen Ukwuani|Ukwuani]] |- | [[Uvwie]] || [[Harshen Urhobo|Urhobo]] |- | [[Warri ta Arewa]] || [[Harshen Itsekiri|Itsekiri]], [[Harshen Izon|Izon]] |- | [[Warri ta Kudu]] || [[Harshen Urhobo|Urhobo]], [[Harshen Itsekiri|Itsekiri]] |- | [[Warri ta Kudu maso Yamma]] || [[Harshen Izon|Izon]], [[Harshen Itsekiri|Itsekiri]] |} == Albarkatun kasa == Akwai ma'adanai iri-iri a jihar kamar su: [[Industrial plasticine|industrial clay]], [[Silicon dioxide|silica]], [[lignite]], [[Kaolinite|kaolin]], [[Oil sands|tar sand]], duwatsu na ado, [[limestone]] da dai sauransu.<ref>"Delta State Government". Retrieved 2021-06-25.</ref> Ana amfani da wadannan ma'adanai a ma'aikatu wajen hada ceramic, kwalba, gilasai, alli, wayoyi, da makamantansu.<ref>"Delta State". ''Commodity Nigeria''. 2017-04-26. Retrieved 2021-06-25.</ref> Har ila yau, akwai tarin arzikin man fetur a Jihar Delta, kuma tana daya daga cikin muhimman garuruwan da ke samar da kayan da ake hadawa daga man fetur a Najeriya. Tattalin arzikin jihar sun ta'allaka ne matuka a wajen cinikin man fetur. == Manyan Makarantu == Makarantun gaba da sakandare na jihar sun hada da:<ref>"Alabi, Tope (2017-03-21). "10 things we bet you didn't know about Delta State". ''Information Nigeria''. Retrieved 2020-09-23.</ref> *[[Federal University of Petroleum Resources Effurun]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Federal University of Petroleum Resources|url=https://site.fupre.edu.ng/?fupre=news&id=84|access-date=2021-06-25|website=site.fupre.edu.ng|archive-date=2021-06-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625075613/https://site.fupre.edu.ng/?fupre=news&id=84|url-status=dead}}</ref> *[[Delta State University, Abraka|Delta State University]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria. Principal Officers|url=https://www.delsu.edu.ng/administration.aspx|access-date=2021-06-25|website=www.delsu.edu.ng|archive-date=2021-06-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210603002248/https://delsu.edu.ng/administration.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref> *[[Delta State University of Science and Technology, Ozoro]] *[[University of Delta, Agbor]] *[[Delta State Polytechnic]]s (Polytechnic guda biyu, daya a [[Oghara]], daya a [[Ogwashi Ukwu|Ogwashi-Uku]])<ref>{{Cite web|title=Delta State Polytechnic - Otefe Oghara|url=https://ogharapoly.edu.ng/|access-date=2021-06-25|website=ogharapoly.edu.ng|archive-date=2021-10-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211019111310/https://ogharapoly.edu.ng/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Home|url=https://mydspg.edu.ng/|access-date=2021-06-25|website=Delta State Polytechnic Ogwashi-Uku|language=en-US}}</ref> *Makarantar wasan kwakwayo na Film and Broadcast Academy, [[Ozoro]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-08-18|title=Film and Broadcast Academy holds convocation today|url=https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/weekend-beats/film-and-broadcast-academy-holds-convocation-today/|access-date=2021-06-25|website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-06-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625075611/https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/weekend-beats/film-and-broadcast-academy-holds-convocation-today/|url-status=dead}}</ref> *Kwalejin Ilimi [[Warri]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Imperatives Of Turning Agbor College Of Education To A University Of Education|url=https://independent.ng/the-imperatives-of-turning-agbor-college-of-education-to-a-university-of-education/|access-date=2021-06-25|website=Independent Newspaper Nigeria|language=en-GB}}</ref> *Federal College of Education Technical, [[Asaba, Delta|Asaba]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Federal College of Education (Technical) Asaba|url=https://portal.fcetasaba.edu.ng//|access-date=2021-06-25|website=portal.fcetasaba.edu.ng}}</ref> *Kwalejin Ilimi, Mosogar<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-12-01|title=Delta State College of Education Mosogar/DELSU affiliate degree programme matriculates 634 Students|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/12/delta-state-college-of-education-mosogar-delsu-affiliate-degree-programme-matriculates-634-students/|access-date=2021-06-25|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}</ref> *Delta State College of Health Technology, [[Ughelli]] *[[Petroleum Training Institute]], [[Effurun]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.edusbaze.com/tag/www-pti-edu-ng/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118051744/http://www.edusbaze.com/tag/www-pti-edu-ng/ |archive-date=2017-01-18 |title=PETROLEUM TRAINING INSTITUTE (PTI) Archives - Edusbaze}}</ref> *[[Western Delta University]], [[Oghara]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-06-07|title=Western Delta University Cut Off Mark 2021/2022 Departmental Cut Off|url=https://www.currentschoolnews.com/school-news/western-delta-university-cut-off-mark/|access-date=2021-06-25|website=Current School News|language=en-US}}</ref> *[[Novena University]], Ogume-Amai<ref>{{Cite web|title=Novena University|url=https://novenauniversity.edu.ng/|access-date=2021-06-25|language=en-US}}</ref> *[[National Open University of Nigeria]] (three study centres, one at Asaba, one at [[Emevor]] and another at [[Owhrode]]).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Owhrode Community Study Centre {{!}} National Open University of Nigeria|url=https://nou.edu.ng/node/2078|access-date=2021-06-25|website=nou.edu.ng|archive-date=2021-06-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625075613/https://nou.edu.ng/node/2078|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Emevor Community Study Centre {{!}} National Open University of Nigeria|url=https://nou.edu.ng/node/2140|access-date=2021-06-25|website=nou.edu.ng|archive-date=2021-06-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625075613/https://nou.edu.ng/node/2140|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=study_centres_view {{!}} National Open University of Nigeria|url=https://www.nou.edu.ng/study-centres-view?field_geo_political__value=All&page=1|access-date=2021-06-25|website=www.nou.edu.ng|archive-date=2021-06-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625075613/https://www.nou.edu.ng/study-centres-view?field_geo_political__value=All&page=1|url-status=dead}}</ref> *Delta State School of Marine Technology, Burutu<ref>{{Cite web|title=Official Site - DESOMATECH|url=https://www.dsmt.edu.ng/|access-date=2021-06-25|website=www.dsmt.edu.ng}}</ref> *[[Nigeria Maritime University]], Okerenkoko, [[Warri]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-06-11|title=Homepage|url=https://www.nmu.edu.ng/|access-date=2021-06-25|website=NMU|language=en-US}}</ref> *Conarina School of Maritime & Transport Technology, Oria-[[Abraka]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Facilities & Location – Conarina Maritime Academy|url=https://conarinamaritimeacademy.com/facilities-location/|access-date=2021-06-25|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-06-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625075614/https://conarinamaritimeacademy.com/facilities-location/|url-status=dead}}</ref> *University of Information and Communication Technology, [[Agbor]]<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Ololube|first1=Nwachukwu|last2=Agbor|first2=Comfort|last3=Major|first3=Nanighe|last4=Agabi|first4=Chinyere|last5=Wali|first5=Worlu|date=2016-08-17|title=2015 Global Information Technology Report: Consequences on knowledge management in higher education institutions in Nigeria|url=https://www.learntechlib.org/p/173453/|journal=International Journal of Education and Development Using ICT|language=en|volume=12|issue=2|issn=1814-0556}}</ref> *State School of Midwifery, [[Asaba, Delta|Asaba]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Admission into Delta State Schools of Nursing and Midwifery Programmes{{!}} Nursing World Nigeria - Nursing Jobs, Forum and News|url=https://www.nursingworldnigeria.com/2021/01/admission-into-delta-state-schools-of-nursing-and-midwifery-programmes|access-date=2021-06-25|website=www.nursingworldnigeria.com}}</ref> *School of Nursing (two schools, one at [[Agbor]] and another at [[Warri]])<ref>{{Cite web|last=Metro|first=Asaba|date=2019-02-19|title=Delta State Examination Committees Commence Sales of Forms into State Schools of Nursing and Midwifery|url=https://www.asabametro.com/delta-state-examination-committees-commence-sales-of-forms-into-state-schools-of-nursing-and-midwifery/|access-date=2021-06-25|website=Asaba Metro|language=en-US}}</ref> *Baptist School of Nursing, [[Eku]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=School Of Nursing Eku {{!}} Delta State|url=https://www.africabizinfo.com/NG/school-of-nursing-eku|access-date=2021-06-25|website=AfricaBizInfo|language=en|archive-date=2021-06-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625075612/https://www.africabizinfo.com/NG/school-of-nursing-eku|url-status=dead}}</ref> *[[Edwin Clark University]], Kiagbodo<ref>{{Cite web|title=Edwin Clark University Nigeria|url=https://www.campus.africa/university/edwin-clark-university/|access-date=2021-06-25|website=campus.africa|language=en-US}}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> *Eagle Heights University, Omadino, Warri<ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-06-21|title=The Warri university and Delta's triangle of development|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/06/warri-university-deltas-triangle-development/|access-date=2021-06-25|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}</ref> *Admiralty University of Nigeria at [[Ibusa]] and [[Sapele]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Overview – Admiralty University Of Nigeria|url=https://adun.edu.ng/overview/|access-date=2021-06-25|language=en-US}}{{Dead link|date=May 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Wuraren bude idanu == A Jihar Delta, akwai wuraren tarihi, al'adu da zamantakewa na siyasa, wuraren bude idanun da ke jan hankalin 'yan kallo daga ko'ina a fadin duniya.Wasu daga cikin wadannan wurare sun hada da:<ref name=":0" /> * '''Fadar Nana (The Nana's Palace)''' wanda Chief [[Nana Olomu]] na Ebrohim ya gina. Ya shahara a karni na 19, kuma dan kasuwa ne na garin da yayi hulda da turawa. Daga baya huldar ta baci. An mamaye daga baya (ba tare da anyi fada ba) sai suka koma kasar Ghana. Abubuwan da ya bari sun hada da katafaren fadar sa dake gidansa.{{cn|date=June 2022}} * '''Rafin Ethiope ''' iwanda ake ikirarin cewa shine ruwa mafi zurfi acikin garuruwan Afurka (zurfi 176&nbsp;km). Mabubbugar ruwan na kusa da wani katafaren bishiya silikin auduga dake Umuaja a karamar hukumar Ukwuani sannan tana kwararar ta kananan hukumomin jihar source is at the foot of a giant silk-cotton tree at Umuaja in Ukuami sannan su kwarara zuwa Sauran yan kananan hukumomin jihar. Wurin bauta ne na addinin gargajiya na Olokun sannan kuma wurin bautar na mabiya addinin Agbe.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-08-25|title=River Ethiope: Wonders of river that sprang from cotton tree|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/08/river-ethiope-wonders-river-sprang-cotton-tree/|access-date=2021-07-12|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}</ref> * '''Yankin Bible na Araya '''wanda ke dauke da kwafi na Littafin mai tsarki na Bible. An yarda da cewa Littafin Bible ya sauka a wannan yankin cikin al'ajabi daga sama a cikin watan Augusta, 1914. Littafin na bible ya sauko ne acikin wani jikakken doya daga ruwan sama amma bai jike ba. Yankin na janyo dubunnan mabiya addinin kirista duk shekara.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Araya Bible Site Delta State :: Nigeria Information & Guide|url=https://www.nigeriagalleria.com/Nigeria/States_Nigeria/Delta/Araya-Bible-Site-Delta.html|access-date=2021-07-12|website=www.nigeriagalleria.com}}</ref> * '''Demas Nwoko Edifice '''wanda aka gina da kayan aiki na gargajiya, tsari da salon gini na cigaban mutanen Igbo wanda [[Demas Nwoko]] wani mai zane, ma gini kuma mai fasaha na duniya daga garin Idumuje-Ugboko, a karamar hukumar Aniocha ta Arewa, Jihar Delta.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sijuwade|first=Amber Croyle|title=A new master's house: The architect decolonising Nigerian design|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2020/8/10/a-new-masters-house-the-architect-decolonising-nigerian-design|access-date=2021-07-12|website=www.aljazeera.com|language=en}}</ref> * '''Gidan shakatawa na "Mungo Park House"''' wanda a yanzu Gidan Tarihi ne na Kasa, a [[Asaba, Delta|Asaba]]. [[Royal Niger Company]] suka gina gidan a shekara ta 1886 kuma turawa sunyi amfani dashi a matsayin hedikwatan, gidan sojojin, hedikwatan gidan Gwamnatin turawa, gindin RNC, da kuma mazauni Gundumar Birni a lokuta daban daban.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-09-02|title=Destination. . . Mungo Park House|url=https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/destination-mungo-park-house/|access-date=2021-07-12|website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-07-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210712095228/https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/destination-mungo-park-house/|url-status=dead}}</ref> * '''Gabar tekun [[Ogulagha]] Beach''' * Gadar '''[[River Niger Bridge (Onitsha)|Niger Bridge]]''' wacce ta hade Jihar Delta (daga yammacin Najeriya) zuwa yankin Gabashin Najeriya. Wuri ne mai kyawun gani wacce aka kammala a shekara ta1995 akan kudi ki manin miliyan £5. An lalata ta a lokacin yakin basasar Najeriya, amma daga bisani an gyara ta.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Niger Bridge – Channels Television|url=https://www.channelstv.com/tag/niger-bridge/|access-date=2021-07-12}}</ref> * '''Lander Brothers Anchorage, Asaba''' wanda aka gina don tunawa da Turawan Birtaniya da suka fara ziyartar Najeriya. Babban gindin na dauke da gidan tarihi, makabarta, da zane da rubuce-rubuce da dama. Akwai irin jirgin 'Yan uwan suka yi amfani dashi. {{cn|date=June 2022}} * '''Falcorp Mangrove Park''' * '''Makabartar ta Musamman na Masarautar Warri''' makabarta ce da ta kai kimanin shekaru 512 kuma tana matsayin makwancin sarakunan Masarautar Warri. Akwai shuka da aka gina a kowanne kabari.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-01-08|title=Investigation: Illegal oil exploration destroying Warri Royal Cemetery|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/01/investigation-illegal-oil-exploration-destroying-warri-royal-cemetery/|access-date=2021-07-12|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}</ref> == Shahararrun mutane == <!---♦♦♦ Only add a person to this list if they already have their own article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦---> <!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order by LAST NAME ♦♦♦---> *[[I Go Dye|Francis Agoda]] aka I Go Dye, shahararren dan wasan barkwanci na yankin Afurka kuma Jakadan [[United Nations]]' [[Millennium Development Goals]] <ref>{{Cite web|title=STAR COMEDIAN, I GO DYE APPOINTED UN MDGs AMBASSADOR {{!}} Encomium Magazine|url=https://encomium.ng/star-comedian-i-go-dye-appointed-un-mdgs-ambassador/|access-date=2021-06-24|language=en-US}}</ref> *[[Alibaba Akpobome]], Dan wasan barkwanci kuma jarumi fim{{cn|date=June 2022}} *[[Venita Akpofure]], 'yar wasan kwaikwayo na Birtaniya da Nan, kuma video vixen{{cn|date=June 2022}} *[[Eyimofe Atake]], Babban alkalin SAN (Senior Advocate of Nigeria)<ref name = Guardian>{{Cite news|title=Congestion in courts is killing advocacy, says Atake|url=https://guardian.ng/features/congestion-in-courts-is-killing-advocacy-says-atake/|language=en-US|access-date=2020-09-30|archive-date=2021-07-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210728103856/https://guardian.ng/features/congestion-in-courts-is-killing-advocacy-says-atake/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Atakebirth">{{Cite news|title=EYIMOFE ATAKE CELEBRATES 60TH|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2018/02/25/eyimofe-atake-celebrates-60th/|language=en-US|access-date=2020-09-30}}</ref> *[[FOM Atake]], alkalin Najeriya (1967-1977) kuma Sanatan a gwamnatin tarayyar Najeriya (1979-1982)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2003/04/13/editorial-franklin-oritse-muyiwa-atake-1926-2003/|title= EDITORIAL: Franklin Oritse-Muyiwa Atake (1926 – 2003)| date=13 April 2003|accessdate=29 January 2022|publisher= [[This Day (Nigeria)|This Day Newspaper]]}}</ref> *[[John Aruakpor|Rt Rev'd John U Aruakpor]] Bishop, Anglican Diocese na Oleh<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Rt Revd John Usiwoma Aruakpor on World Anglican Clerical Directory|url=https://www.worldanglican.com/nigeria/oleh/the-church-of-nigeria-anglican-communion/the-rt-revd-john-usiwoma-aruakpor|access-date=2021-06-24|website=World Anglican Clerical Directory|language=en}}</ref> *[[Michael Ashikodi Agbamuche]], tsohon Attorney General & Ministan Shari'a a Najeriya<ref>{{Cite web|date=2013-05-16|title=Former Nigeria Attorney General's son, others under investigation over N200mn fraud {{!}} Premium Times Nigeria|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/134602-former-nigeria-attorney-generals-son-others-under-investigation-over-n200mn-fraud.html|access-date=2021-06-24|language=en-GB}}</ref> *[[Udoka Azubuike]], kwararrun dan wasan kwallon kwando na ƙungiyar [[Utah Jazz]], yayi wasa a kwalejin [[University of Kansas]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Played Profile|url=http://kuathletics.com/roster.aspx?rp_id=8612|website=KUAtletics.com|date = 2016-04-14}}</ref> *[[Bovi]], dan wasan barkwanci na Najeriya, mai daukar nauyin wasanni, jarumi kuma mai tsara skit<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-04-15|title=Bovi Ugboma Will Speak At NECLive8 On Sunday, April 25|url=https://thenet.ng/bovi-ugboma-will-speak-at-neclive8-on-sunday-april-25/|access-date=2021-06-24|website=Nigerian Entertainment Today|language=en-US}}</ref> *[[J. P. Clark|John Pepper Clark]], farfesan Turanci na farko a Afirka, mahikayanci kuma marubuci.<ref>{{Cite web|title=John Pepper Clark {{!}} Biography, Works, & Facts|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-Pepper-Clark|access-date=2021-06-24|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en}}</ref> *[[David Dafinone]], shahararren accounter/ɗan siyasa<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-10-01|title=David Dafinone (1927-2018): A chartered accountant par excellence|url=https://guardian.ng/features/a-chartered-accountant-par-excellence/|access-date=2021-06-24|website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-06-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625020846/https://guardian.ng/features/a-chartered-accountant-par-excellence/|url-status=dead}}</ref> *[[Paul Dike]], tsohon Chief of Defence Staff<ref>{{Cite web|title=Chief of Defence Staff, History of The Highest Commissioned Military Officer in Nigeria – NTA.ng – Breaking News, Nigeria, Africa, Worldwide|url=https://www.nta.ng/uncategorized/20150729-chief-of-defence-staff-history-of-the-highest-commissioned-military-officer-in-nigerian/|access-date=2021-06-24|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-06-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624205232/https://www.nta.ng/uncategorized/20150729-chief-of-defence-staff-history-of-the-highest-commissioned-military-officer-in-nigerian/|url-status=dead}}</ref> *[[Enebeli Elebuwa]], jarumin wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya<ref>{{Cite web|date=2012-12-17|title=Aftermath of Enebeli Elebuwa's death, Stella Damasus blasts Nollywood - Premium Times Nigeria|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/111548-aftermath-of-enebeli-elebuwas-death-stella-damasus-blasts-nollywood.html|access-date=2021-06-24|language=en-GB}}</ref> *[[Tony Elumelu]], [[United Bank for Africa|UBA]] da [[Heirs Holdings]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Africa|first=United Bank for|date=2020-09-23|title=Tony Elumelu named in "Time 100" list|url=https://www.ubagroup.com/tony-elumelu-named-in-time-100-list/|access-date=2021-06-24|website=UBA Group|language=en-US}}</ref> *[[Godwin Emefiele]] gwamnan CBN na yanzu<ref>{{Cite web|title=Central Bank of Nigeria:: Board of Directors|url=https://www.cbn.gov.ng/aboutcbn/TheBoard.asp?Name=Mr.+Godwin+Emefiele+(CON)&Biodata=emefiele/|access-date=2021-06-24|website=www.cbn.gov.ng}}</ref> *[[Olorogun O'tega Emerhor]], dan siyasa kuma jagora ma'aikatar kudi na Najeriya<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-11-25|title=O'tega Emerhor at 60: A portrait of redemptive service|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/11/otega-emerhor-60-portrait-redemptive-service/|access-date=2021-06-24|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}</ref> *[[Erigga]], [[Nigerian]] [[Hip hop music|Hip hop]] mawakin, marubuci waƙoƙi<ref>{{Cite web|last=The360reporters|date=2021-01-16|title=Erigga Net Worth 2021: Erigga Biography, Musics, Age, Cars, Houses And Net Worth 2021|url=https://the360report.com/erigga-biography-and-net-worth/|access-date=2021-06-24|website=The360Report|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-06-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624210225/https://the360report.com/erigga-biography-and-net-worth/|url-status=dead}}</ref> *[[Oghenekaro Etebo]], kwararrun dan wasan kwallon kafa na Najeriya<ref>{{Cite web|title=Football (Sky Sports)|url=https://www.skysports.com/football/player/144194/oghenekaro-etebo|access-date=2021-06-24|website=SkySports|language=en}}</ref> *[[Jeremiah Omoto Fufeyin]], wanda ya kirkiri Christ Mercyland Deliverance Ministry<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-02-08|title=Suit against Fufeyin beginning of 'blackmail' against popular preachers, Cleric alleges|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/suit-against-fufeyin-beginning-of-blackmail-against-popular-preachers-cleric-alleges/|access-date=2021-06-24|website=Latest Nigeria News, Nigerian Newspapers, Politics|language=en-US}}</ref> *[[Harrysong]], mawaki dan Najeriya, marubuci ln waka kuma mai tsara kida<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-04-29|title=Harrysong Urges President Buhari To 'Stop Borrowing Money'|url=https://guardian.ng/life/harrysong-urges-president-buhari-to-stop-borrowing-money-to-fund-projects/|access-date=2021-06-24|website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-06-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624204705/https://guardian.ng/life/harrysong-urges-president-buhari-to-stop-borrowing-money-to-fund-projects/|url-status=dead}}</ref> *[[James Ibori]], tsohon Gwamnan Jihar Delta governor of Delta State<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-05-26|title=£4.2m Ibori loot: Accountant-general claims money still being awaited|url=https://editor.guardian.ng/breakingnews/4-2m-ibori-loot-accountant-general-claims-money-still-being-awaited/|access-date=2021-06-24|website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US}}{{Dead link|date=January 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> *[[Michael Ibru]], jagora kasuwanci<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-12-06|title=The amazing life of Olorogun Michael Ibru|url=https://businessday.ng/opinion/article/the-amazing-life-of-olorogun-michael-ibru/|access-date=2021-06-24|website=Businessday NG|language=en-US}}</ref> *[[Alex Iwobi]] tsohon dan wasan kwallon kafa na kungiyar Arsenal kuma dan wasan kungiyar Everton Fc *[[Dumebi Iyamah]] mai kamfanin Andrea Iyamah Brand<ref>{{Cite web|title=Andrea Iyamah – Lagos Fashion Week|url=http://lagosfashionweek.ng/designer-directory/listing/andrea-iyamah/|access-date=2021-06-24|language=en-US}}</ref> *[[Don Jazzy]], mawakin Najeriya kuma furodusa<ref>{{Cite news|title=Nigerians react to Don Jazzy revelation say e bin marry 18 years ago|work=BBC News Pidgin|url=https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/tori-56625660|access-date=2021-06-24}}</ref> *[[Emmanuel Ibe Kachikwu]], tsoho Minista na Jiha, kan Albarkatun Manfetur na Najeriya<ref>{{Cite web|title=Emmanuel Ibe Kachikwu,The Federal Republic of Nigeria {{!}} Energy Council|url=https://energycouncil.com/event-speakers/h-e-emmanuel-ibe-kachikwu/|access-date=2021-06-24|language=en-US}}</ref> *[[Stephen Keshi]], tsohon ma tsaron baya, tsohon coach na super eagles<ref>{{Cite web|title=Stephen Keshi: Ranking Big Boss's best six Nigeria debutants {{!}} Goal.com|url=https://www.goal.com/en-ng/lists/stephen-keshi-ranking-big-bosss-best-six-nigeria-debutants/dow5it8glejk1ka43c57sm7ga|access-date=2021-06-24|website=www.goal.com}}</ref> *[[Festus Keyamo]], Lauyan Najeriya kuma<ref>{{cite web |title=Festus Egwarewa Adeniyi Keyamo |url=https://www.africa-confidential.com/index.aspx?pageid=118&whoswhoid=2673 |website=africa-confidential.com}}</ref> member na ƙungiyar Senior Advocate of Nigeria SAN *[[Lynxxx]], mawaki, dan kasuwa kuma jakada kamfanin Pepsi na farko a Najeriya<ref>{{Cite web|title=Chukie "Lynxxx" Edozien|url=https://www.africansinyorkshireproject.com/lynxxx-chukie-edozien.html|access-date=2021-06-24|website=African Stories in Hull & East Yorkshire|language=en}}</ref> *[[Rosaline Meurer]], 'yar wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya haihifaffiyar Kasar Gambiya<ref>{{Cite news|title=Who be Rosaline Meurer, wey Tonto Dike ex-husband call Mrs Churchill?|work=BBC News Pidgin|url=https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/tori-56072140|access-date=2021-06-24}}</ref> <!-- *[[Uba A. Michael]], Nigerian politician and businessman<ref>{{Cite news|date=2012-11-17|title guber hopeful, Uba Michael meets with Reps member, Shina Peller|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2021/11/guber-hopeful-uba-michael-meets-with-reps-member-shina-peller/|access-date=2021-06-17|work=[[Vanguard News]]|language=en-US}}</ref> --> *[[Richard Mofe-Damijo]], ƙwararrun dan wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya, marubuci, furodusa, lauya kuma tsohon kwamishinan al'adu da bude idanu na Jihar Delta.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-01-07|title=Autochek unveils RMD as brand Ambassador|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2021/01/autochek-unveils-rmd-as-brand-ambassador/|access-date=2021-06-24|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}</ref> *[[Collins Nweke]], mutum na farko da ba Haifaffun Kasar Belgium ba daka fara zaba a ofishin siyasa a yankin West Flanders na Belgium<ref>{{Cite web|last=Chris|date=2019-06-16|title=Nigerians in Diaspora - Collins Nweke: Belgian-Based Nigerian politician|url=https://leadership.ng/nigerians-in-diaspora-collins-nweke-belgian-based-nigerian-politician/|access-date=2021-06-24|website=Leadership News - Nigeria News, Breaking News, Politics and more|language=en-GB|archive-date=2021-06-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624205839/https://leadership.ng/nigerians-in-diaspora-collins-nweke-belgian-based-nigerian-politician/|url-status=dead}}</ref> *[[Nduka Obaigbena]] wanda ya kirkiri, ThisDay & AriseTV<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-12-09|title=Media Mogul Nduka Obaigbena Now Patron of Nigerian Newspaper Owners|url=https://www.arise.tv/media-mogul-nduka-obaigbena-now-patron-of-nigerian-newspaper-owners/|access-date=2021-06-24|website=Arise News|language=en-US}}</ref> *[[Sam Obi]], tsohon speaker kuma tsohon Gwamna na rikon kwarya na Jihar Delta<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-04-03|title=BREAKING: Former Delta Acting Governor, Sam Obi, is dead|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2021/04/breaking-former-delta-acting-governor-sam-obi-is-dead/|access-date=2021-06-24|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}</ref> *[[Sunny Ofehe]], dan fafutuka yancin dan Adam na kasa da kasa kuma mai kare 'yancin muhalli<ref>{{Cite web|title=Comrade Sunny Ofehe {{!}} Niger Delta Consortium|url=https://nigerdeltaconsortium.com/comrade-sunny-ofehe|access-date=2021-06-24|website=nigerdeltaconsortium.com|archive-date=2021-06-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624204319/https://nigerdeltaconsortium.com/comrade-sunny-ofehe|url-status=dead}}</ref> *[[Kenneth Ogba]], dan siyasa<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2021/06/breaking-delta-lawmaker-kenneth-ogba-is-dead|title=BREAKING: Delta Lawmaker, Kenneth Ogba is dead|last1=Ahon|first1=Festus|last2=Akuopha|first2=Ochuko|date=27 June 2021|accessdate=28 June 2021|publisher=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard Newspaper]]}}</ref> *[[Joy Ogwu]], tsohon wakili Najeriya na dundundin a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ambassador U. Joy Ogwu {{!}} Permanent Mission of Nigeria to the United Nations, New York|url=https://nigeriaunmission.org/tag/ambassador-joy-ogwu/|access-date=2021-06-24|website=nigeriaunmission.org}}</ref> *[[Tanure Ojaide]], farfesan Turanci kuma shahararren marubuci<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-05-20|title=When dons gathered in Port Harcourt, Abraka in honour of Tanure Ojaide@70|url=https://guardian.ng/art/when-dons-gathered-in-port-harcourt-abraka-in-honour-of-tanure-ojaide70/|access-date=2021-06-24|website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-06-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624203533/https://guardian.ng/art/when-dons-gathered-in-port-harcourt-abraka-in-honour-of-tanure-ojaide70/|url-status=dead}}</ref> *[[Mandy Ojugbana]], mawaki<ref name="Asobele">{{cite book|last=Timothy|first=Asobele|title=Historical trends of Nigerian indigenous and contemporary music|date=2002|publisher=Rothmed International|location=Lagos|pages=53–56}}</ref> *[[Jay-Jay Okocha|Okocha]], tsohon kyaftin na kungiyar Super Eagles<ref>{{Cite news|title=Adepoju and Okocha: 'Stop looking for the next Jay-Jay'|language=en-GB|work=BBC Sport|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/africa/55158240|access-date=2021-06-24}}</ref> *[[Blessing Okagbare]], dan wasa, wanda ya lashe kyauta a gasar [[Summer Olympics|Olympic]] da [[World Athletics Championships]] a dogon tsalle, kuma wanda ya lashe kyauta ta duniya a gasar [[200 metres]]<ref>{{Cite news|title=Nigeria Blessing Okagbare don set new Guinness World Record|work=BBC News Pidgin|url=https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/sport-56014988|access-date=2021-06-24}}</ref> *[[Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala]], masanin tattalin arziki, kuma ƙwararren masanin cigaba na kasa da kasa, na kamfanin Boards of Standard Chartered Bank, Twitter, Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization, da kuma African Risk Capacity<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-02-21|title=The World According to Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala {{!}} THISDAY Style|url=https://www.thisdaystyle.ng/the-world-according-to-ngozi-okonjo-iweala/|access-date=2021-06-24|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-06-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210620043924/https://www.thisdaystyle.ng/the-world-according-to-ngozi-okonjo-iweala/|url-status=dead}}</ref> *[[Chris Okotie]], [[Nigerian]] mawaki, televangelist, dan siyasa<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-02-13|title=Gospel glamour: how Nigeria's pastors wield political power|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/feb/13/gospel-glamour-how-nigerias-pastors-wield-political-power|access-date=2021-06-24|website=The Guardian|language=en}}</ref> *[[Ben Okri]], writer, [[Nigerian]] mahikayanci kuma mai rubuta littattafan novel<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ben Okri - Literature|url=https://literature.britishcouncil.org/writer/ben-okri|access-date=2021-06-24|website=literature.britishcouncil.org}}</ref> *[[Sunday Oliseh]], jagora kwallon kafa kuma tsohon dan wasa<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-04-18|title=The perfect defensive midfield player – Sunday Ogochukwu Oliseh|url=https://t.guardian.ng/sport/the-perfect-defensive-midfield-player-sunday-ogochukwu-oliseh/|access-date=2021-06-24|website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-06-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624204704/https://t.guardian.ng/sport/the-perfect-defensive-midfield-player-sunday-ogochukwu-oliseh/|url-status=dead}}</ref> *[[Omawumi]], mawakiyar Najeriya, marubuciyar waka, 'yar wasan kwaikwayo, jakadiyar talla na [[Globacom]], [[Konga]], Malta Guinness<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-09-16|title=We Can't Help But Love Omawumi Even More After This...|url=https://glamsquadmagazine.com/we-cant-help-but-love-omawumi-even-more-after-this/|access-date=2021-06-24|website=GLAMSQUAD MAGAZINE|language=en-US}}{{Dead link|date=March 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> *[[Ovie Omo-Agege]], Lauyan Najeriya, dan siyasa<ref name="vanguardngr.com"/> *[[Dominic Oneya]], Brigadier General mai Rita ya na Sojojin Najeriya, tsohon chairman na ƙungiyar [[Nigeria Football Association]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-10-12|title=Robbers In Delta Kill Daughter Of Former NFA President, Dominic Oneya|url=http://saharareporters.com/2014/10/12/robbers-delta-kill-daughter-former-nfa-president-dominic-oneya|access-date=2021-06-24|website=Sahara Reporters}}</ref> *[[Bruce Onobrakpeya]], wanda ya lashe lambar yabo na 2006 UNESCO Living Human Treasure Award, amintacce a Jami'ar Western Niger Delta University{{cn|date=June 2022}} *[[Gamaliel Onosode]], technocrat dan Najeriya, dan siyasa kuma tsohon dan takarar shugabancin Kasar Najeriya<ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-09-29|title=How boardroom guru, Gamaliel Onosode died at 82|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/09/how-boardroom-guru-gamaliel-onosode-dies-at-82/|access-date=2021-06-24|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}</ref> <!-- *High Chief Dr. [[Stephen Onovughakpor Akpotu]] (JP), Chairman, Movement for the Creation of Delta State, former President-General and Grand Patron of the Isoko Development Union (IDU), <ref>{{Cite web|title=Omo-Agege Mourns Former IDU PG, Onovughakpor Akpotu|url=https://www.heraldngr.com/2021/06/omo-agege-mourns-former-idu-pg.html/|website=Herald News|language=en-US}}</ref> --> *[[Orezi]], mawaki, marubucin wakoki<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-12-11|title=I have not had sex for about a year - Singer Orezi {{!}} Premium Times Nigeria|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/music/252176-i-not-sex-year-singer-orezi.html|access-date=2021-06-24|language=en-GB}}</ref> *[[Ayo Oritsejafor]], wanda ya ƙirƙiri Word of Life Bible Church<ref>{{Cite web|title=President of the Christian Association of Nigeria (CAN), and founder of Word of Life Bible Church, Warri, Pastor Ayo Oritsejafor has finally joined the league of wealthy clergy with private universities. {{!}} Encomium Magazine|url=https://encomium.ng/pastor-ayo-oritsejafor-builds-n2-5-billion-private-university-in-warri/|access-date=2021-06-24|language=en-US}}</ref> *[[Stephen Oru]], dan siyasa Najeriya, tsohon ministan harkokin Niger Delta<ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-07-13|title=I'll promote N-Delta Ministry mandate —Oru|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/07/ill-promote-n-delta-ministry-mandate-oru/|access-date=2021-06-24|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}</ref> *[[Peter Godsday Orubebe]], dan siyasa, tsohon Minista na Jiha akan huldodin Niger Delta akan harkoki na musamman<ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-10-31|title=Ex-Minister, Godsday Orubebe, who almost derailed 2015 election, to face trial for corruption {{!}} Premium Times Nigeria|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/192426-ex-minister-godsday-orubebe-who-almost-derailed-2015-election-to-face-trial-for-corruption.html|access-date=2021-06-24|language=en-GB}}</ref> *[[Dennis Osadebay]], Dan siyasa Najeriya, lauya, mahikayanci, dan jarida <ref>{{Cite web|title=PressReader.com - Your favorite newspapers and magazines.|url=https://www.pressreader.com/nigeria/the-guardian-nigeria/20190922/281921659763954|access-date=2021-06-24|website=www.pressreader.com}}</ref> *[[Onigu Otite|Prof Onigu Otite]], masanin zama take wa da harkokin al'umma<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-10-30|title=Onigu Otite: A founding father of Nigerian sociology|url=https://www.thecable.ng/onigu-otite-a-founding-father-of-nigerian-sociology|access-date=2021-06-24|website=TheCable|language=en-US}}</ref> *[[Jim Ovia]], dan kasuwan Najeriya, wanda ya kirkiri bankin [[Zenith Bank]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Jim Ovia|url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/jim-ovia/|access-date=2021-06-24|website=Forbes|language=en}}</ref> *[[Tim Owhefere]], Dan siyasan Najeriya<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2021/01/breaking-delta-assembly-majority-leader-tim-ohwefere-is-dead|title=Breaking: Delta Assembly majority leader, Tim Ohwefere is dead|last=Ahon|first=Festus|date=28 January 2021|accessdate=28 June 2021|publisher=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard Newspaper]]}}</ref> *[[Amaju Pinnick]], shugaba kungiyar [[Nigeria Football Federation]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=NFF President Pinnick wins Fifa Council seat by a landslide {{!}} Goal.com|url=https://www.goal.com/en/news/nff-president-pinnick-wins-fifa-council-seat-by-a-landslide/10mlchsamz6fd1gx43jclfjhga|access-date=2021-06-24|website=www.goal.com}}</ref> *[[Igho Sanomi]], Dan kasuwan Najeriya<ref>{{Cite web|last=Nsehe|first=Mfonobong|title=How Nigerian Oilman Igho Charles Sanomi II Built A Commodities Trading Giant|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/mfonobongnsehe/2017/05/16/how-nigerian-oilman-igho-charles-sanomi-ii-built-a-billion-dollar-commodities-trading-giant/|access-date=2021-06-24|website=Forbes|language=en}}</ref> *[[SHiiKANE]], mawakin Najeriya na Afro-Pop, Pop, Afrobeat, Jazz, Dance, Gungun mawaƙan R&B *[[Zulu Sofola]], marubuciya ta farko da aka fara wallafa littafin ta a Najeriya kuma 'yar wasan drama, farfesan mace ta farko a fannin tsara wasannin a nahiyar Afurka<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nigerian Female Dramatists: Expression, Resistance, Agency|url=https://www.routledge.com/Nigerian-Female-Dramatists-Expression-Resistance-Agency/Afolayan/p/book/9780367616106|access-date=2021-06-24|website=Routledge & CRC Press|language=en}}</ref> *[[:ha:Ojo Taiye|Ojo Taiye]], mawakin fasahan Najeriya, wanda ya lashe kyauta a gasar Wild 2019 Annual Poetry Prize<ref>{{Cite web|last=thehaywriters|date=2021-04-28|title=Nigerian Poet, Ojo Taiye, Wins 2021 Hay Writers Circle Poetry Competition.|url=https://thehaywriters.wordpress.com/2021/04/28/nigerian-poet-ojo-taiye-wins-2021-hay-writers-circle-poetry-competition/|access-date=2021-06-24|website=THE HAY WRITERS|language=en}}</ref> *[[Tompolo]], tsohon kwamadan sojojin Najeriya *[[Abel Ubeku]], Managing Director Bakin fata na farko a kamfanin Guinness Nigeria Plc<ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-06-17|title=Dr. Abel K. Ubeku, 1936-2014: In memoriam|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/06/dr-abel-k-ubeku-1936-2014-memoriam/|access-date=2021-06-24|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}</ref> *[[Patrick Utomi]], farfesan Najeriya akan political economy and management expert, Fellow of the Institute of Management Consultants of Nigeria kuma tsohon dan takarar shugabancin Najeriya<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-02-01|title=Nigeria in mess because of bad leadership, says Utomi|url=https://guardian.ng/politics/nigeria-in-mess-because-of-bad-leadership-says-utomi/|access-date=2021-06-24|website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US}}</ref> *Senator [[James Manager]] Ebiowou, Dan siyasan Najeriya a mata in Sanata *[[Rachael Oniga]], 'Yar wasan kwaikwayon Najeriya *[[Jeremiah Omoto Fufeyin]], wanda ya kirkiri kuma malamai a Christ Mercyland Deliverance Ministry (CMDM), Warri, Jihar Delta, Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Christ Mercyland Deliverance Ministries – Arena of Solutions |url=https://christmercyland.org/ |access-date=2022-03-28 |language=en-US}}</ref> *[[Ayiri Emami]], dan kasuwa, dan siyasa, mai taimako al'umma. *[[Faithia Balogun]], 'Yar wasan kwaikwayon Najeriya, mai tsara Fina-finai, furodusa kuma darekta <!---♦♦♦ Only add a person to this list if they already have their own article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦---> <!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order by LAST NAME ♦♦♦---> *[[Isaiah Oghenevwegba Ogedegbe|Isaiah Ogedegbe]], faston kuma marubuci<ref>{{cite web|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/iginla-teemac-others-eulogise-tb-joshua-at-posthumous-birthday/|title=Iginla, TeeMac, others eulogise TB Joshua at posthumous birthday|publisher=The Nation Newspaper}}</ref> *[[Ruona Oghuvbu]], dillalan gidaje na Najeriya *[[Enebeli Elebuwa]], jarumin wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya ==Manazarta== {{reflist|4}} {{Jihohin Najeriya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Delta}} [[Category:Jihohin Nijeriya]] /ref> 58hnd631atpsuse7un1gi25pksx19ph 0 10690 826249 490091 2026-04-25T14:02:57Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826249 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Constantine''' (Larabci: قسنطينة, Romanized: Qusanṭīnah), wanda kuma aka rubuta Qacentina[5] ko Kasantina, babban birnin lardin Constantine ne a arewa maso gabashin [[Aljeriya]]. * Masallacin El Bey wanda aka gina a cikin 1703 wanda kuma aka sani da sunan mulkin mallaka na Souq El Ghezal. * Babban Masallacin tarihi na Constantine wanda aka gina a 1136. * [[Cirta Museum|Gidan kayan tarihi na Cirta]], a baya Gidan kayan tarihi na Gustave Mercier (yana nuna fasahar Aljeriya na da da ta zamani) * Masallacin Abd al Hamid Ben Badis * Casbah ( Kasbah ) wanda aka sani a gida da sunan Swika ** [[African National Congress|Jami'ar Emir Abdelkader da Masallaci]] * Mausoleum na Soumma * Mausoleum na Massinissa * Municipal Library na Constantine * Ahmed Bey Palace * Rushewar magudanar ruwa na Antonian Roman * Ben Abdelmalek Stadium Kusa suke * birnin Tiddis na [[Romawa na Da|Romawa]] * [[Fayil:Constantine city.jpg|thumb|Constantine, Aljeriya]]Megalithic Monuments da wuraren binnewa a [[Djebel Mazala Salluste]] . === Birnin Bridges === Yanayin yanayin birni na musamman ne kuma yana ƙayyade buƙatar gadoji.A ƙarshen ƙarni na 19,Guy de Maupassant ya rubuta:“Gado takwas da ake amfani da su don ketare wannan kwarin.Shida daga cikin wadannan gadoji sun lalace a yau”. A yau mafi mahimmancin gadoji sune: * Gadar Sidi M'Cid(1912)gadar dakatarwa mai tsayin mita 168. * Gadar Bab El Kantra(1792)gada wadda take kaiwa zuwa arewa, * Sidi Rached gada(1912),dogon viaduct na 447ms da 27 arches, wanda Paul Séjourné ya tsara, * Gadar shaidan,wata karamar gadar katako, * Falls bridge(1925),wanda aka kafa ta jerin manyan baka a saman wani ruwa. * Mellah Slimane Bridge(1925),gadar dakatarwa, * Salah Bey Bridge(Trans-Rhummel viaduct, 2014),gada ta farko da ke zaune a cikin kebul a cikin Constantine,wanda Dissing+Weitling architecture ya tsara, * [[Fayil:Pont de sidi Rached - Constantine جسر سيدي راشد - قسنطينة.jpg|thumb|Constantine, Aljeriya]]Meddjez Deche Bridge == Ilimi == [[Fayil:Constantine, Algeria, ca. 1899.jpg|thumb|Constantine, Aljeriya]] [[Fayil:Constantine infrastructures - Bridges.jpg|thumb|Constantine, Aljeriya]] Constantine yana da jami'o'i hudu a gaba ɗaya:biyu daga cikinsu suna cikin gari Constantine [[University of Brothers Mentouri|Mentouri Jami'ar Jama'a]], wanda masanin Brazilian Oscar Niemeyer ya tsara, da kuma Aljeriya mai zane [[Rashid Hassaine]],ciki har da Zerzara fasaha na injiniya,Zouaghi Slimane Geography da Duniya Sciences Pole, kuma a cikin City of El-Khroub ita ce Cibiyar Kimiyyar Dabbobi.Jami'ar Emir Abdelkader na daya daga cikin manyan jami'o'in Musulunci da ke da darussa da dama da suka shafi karatun addini, harsunan waje,adabi.Sabon garin Constantine"nouvelle ville ali mendjeli" yana da manyan jami'o'i biyu:Jami'ar Constantine 2 da aka sani da "lella nsoumer"tana ba da ilimin lissafi,na'ura mai kwakwalwa da tattalin arziki,kuma sabuwar jami'a ita ce sandar jami'a tare da dalibai fiye da 20,000,17 faculty da sauransu.fiye da 40,000 mazauna.Yanzu ita ce babbar jami'ar Afirka a karkashin sunan "Jami'ar Salah Boubnider" da aka sani da "Jami'ar Constantine 3". == Sufuri == [[Mohammed Boudiaf International Airport|Filin jirgin sama na Mohamed Boudiaf]] yana aiki da Constantine. [[Fayil:Algerie Constantine Sidi m'sid 02.jpg|thumb|Constantine, Aljeriya]] [[Fayil:Constantine infrastructures - Bridges 3.jpg|thumb|Constantine, Aljeriya]] Constantine kuma ya mallaki 14.7&nbsp;cibiyar sadarwar tram mai tsayin kilomita tana hidimar tsakiyar gari a filin jirgin sama amma kuma a cikin manyan unguwannin babbar hanyar tram ɗin Constantine. == Twin garuruwa - 'yan'uwa garuruwa == An haɗa Constantine da: * [[Grenoble]],Faransa * Sousse,Tunisia == Fitattun mutane == Constantine ya kasance mahaifar manyan mutane da yawa a Aljeriya da Faransa. * Abdelhamid Brahimi, tsohon Firayim Minista na Aljeriya (1984-1988) * Abdelhamid Ben Badis, mai kawo sauyi a Musulunci kuma masanin falsafa * Abdelmalek Sellal, tsohon Firayim Minista na Aljeriya wa'adi biyu (2012-2014), (2014-2017) * Ahmed Bey, Bey na ƙarshe na Constantine (1826-1848) * Ahlam Mosteghanemi, marubuci * Alfred Nakache, zakaran wasan ninkaya na Olympic kuma wanda ya tsira daga Holocaust. * Ali Saïdi-Sief, wanda ya lashe lambar yabo ta Olympic * Amar Bentoumi, lauya, mai fafutukar 'yancin kai na Aljeriya, dan siyasar Aljeriya * Malek Bennabi, masanin falsafa * Rabah Bitat, Shugaban Aljeriya na uku (1978) * Sabri Boukadoum, tsohon ministan harkokin waje kuma mukaddashin Firayim Minista * Mouloud Hamrouche, tsohon Firayim Minista na Aljeriya (1989-1991) * [[Djamel Eddine Laouisset]], Masanin Aljeriya * Masinissa, Sarkin Numidia na farko * Hassiba Boulmerka, 'yar wasa, 'yar Algeria ta farko da ta lashe gasar Olympics (1992) * Gimbiya Charlotte, Duchess na Valentinois, 'yar Louis II, Yariman Monaco, da mahaifiyar Yarima Rainier III. * Roger Chauviré (1880-1957), marubucin Faransa * Claude Cohen-Tanoudji, wanda ya lashe kyautar Nobel a fannin kimiyyar lissafi * Sidi Fredj Halimi, Chief Rabbi and rabbinical court president * Enrico Macias, mawaƙin Faransa * Cheb i Sabbah, DJ, mawaki kuma mawaki * Jean-Michel Atlan, mai fasaha * Alphonse Halimi, zakaran damben duniya * Kateb Yacine, marubuci * Maurice Boitel, mai fasaha * Sandra Laoura, 'yar wasan Olympics * Malek Haddad, mawaki * Moussa Maaskri, actor * Fadéla M'rabet marubuci kuma mai son mata * [[Fayil:Ali mendjeli. constantine.jpg|thumb|Constantine, Aljeriya]]Cherif Guelal, jami'in diflomasiyyar Aljeriya, jakadan farko a Amurka (1963-1967) == Kara karantawa == * [https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ehr.12882 Laura Maravall Buckwalter. 2019.] [https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ehr.12882 "Abubuwan da aka ba da kyauta a kan iyaka": Aikin noma na Aljeriya a farkon shekarun 1900."] [https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ehr.12882 ''Binciken Tarihin Tattalin Arziki''] == Nassoshi == == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Algeria.html#Constantine Kasashen duniya - Aljeriya] * [http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04295a.htm "Constantine (Cirta)"] - ''Katolika Encyclopedia'' * [http://www.wdl.org/en/item/8809/ Cascades, Constantine, Algeria]{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * [https://www.manar-al-athar.ox.ac.uk/pages/collections_featured.php?parent=5963 Hotunan Constantine] a cikin Manar al-Athar na tarihin hoto na dijital 48ozhogh813nqob8xt6d757ysqcxj1b 0 10715 826515 821576 2026-04-26T07:39:43Z Lamba6334 25787 826515 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Mallam Adamu Ciroma, IMF 62ph020927tl.jpg|thumb|Adamu Corona a wani taro yana kawo wasu muhimman abubuwa]] '''Adamu Ciroma''' (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga watan Nuwanba, shekara ta 1934, kuma ya mutu a ranar 5 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2018)<ref>{{Cite web |title=BREAKING: Ex-Minister of Finance, Adamu Ciroma, died at 84 |url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-ex-minister-of-finance-adamu-ciroma-died-at-84-259556.html |access-date=2019-04-05 |archive-date=2018-07-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180705180410/https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-ex-minister-of-finance-adamu-ciroma-died-at-84-259556.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya kasan ce [[dan Nijeriya|ɗan Nijeriya]] ɗan siyasa kuma Gwamnan [[Babban Bankin Nijeriya|Babban Bankin]] Nijeriya.An haife shi ne a birnin [[Potiskum|Pataskum]] dake [[Jihar Yobe]]<ref name=":0">Bolaji Adepegba, ''Adamu Ciroma, tested and trusted yet uncrowned'', Daily Independent Online, Nov 27, 2003 [http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/nov/27/0102.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304203442/http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/nov/27/0102.html|date=2016-03-04}}</ref>.<ref name=":1">Olajide Aluko. Nigeria and Britain after Gowon, African Affairs > Vol. 76, No. 304 (Jul., 1977), pp. 9</ref> Ya kasan ce memban Jam'iyyar [[Peoples Democratic Party|People's Democratic Party]] ne har yayi wafati bai sauya sheka ba daga ((PDP)) . == Aikin jamhuriya ta biyu == A shekarar 1979, Ciroma yana daya daga cikin masu neman takarar shugaban kasa na jam'iyyar NPN ta kasa da suka tsaya takara a zaben fidda gwani na shugaban jam'iyyar, <ref>Shehu Shagari. Beckoned To Serve. Heinemann Educational Books, Nigeria, 2001.pp214.</ref> wanda ake zaton gungun Mafiya Kaduna marasa fuska ne suka dauki nauyinsa, kungiyar da ake yada jita-jita ta 'yan boko daga Arewa, hafsoshi da jami'ai da ma’aikatan da aka jibge a kewayen Kaduna.<ref>Shehu Othman, Classes, Crises and Coup: The Demise of Shagari's Regime, African Affairs > Vol. 83, No. 333 Oct., 1984. pp 447, 449  </ref> Ya zo na uku a zaben fidda gwani, bayan Shehu Shagari da Maitama Sule, wanda Hamza Rafindadi Zayyad shugaban kamfanin ci gaban New Nigeria ne ya dauki nauyin takararsa.<ref>William Reno. Old Brigades, Money Bags, New Breeds, and the Ironies of Reform in Nigeria. Canadian Journal of African Studies > Vol. 27, No. 1 (1993), pp. 75</ref> Ciroma ya kasance sakataren NPN a takaice, sannan ya rike mukamin ministan masana'antu, noma da kudi a lokuta daban-daban. A matsayinsa na babban minista a gwamnatin Shagari, ya taka rawar gani wajen aiwatar da ajandar shugaban kasa musamman a fannin samar da abinci da kuma hada kai da hukumomin kasa da kasa wajen bunkasa shirin bunkasa noma (ADP).<ref>Quentin Peel, "Shagari shuffles Cabinet", Financial Times, February 16, 1982.</ref> A watan Satumba na 1983, an nada shi shugaban kwamitin mika mulki na shugaban kasa, wanda ya kara nuna amincewar da shugaban kasar ke da shi kan iyawar sa. An wajabta wa kwamitin ne ya gabatar da shawarwari kan yadda za a sake fasalin gwamnatin tarayya da ke cikin mawuyacin hali.<ref>Quentin Peel, "President's party wins majority in Nigerian Assembly", Financial Times, September 6, 1983.</ref> == Aikin Jamhuriya ta Hudu == Ciroma dai ya kasance ɗan jam’iyyar PDP ne. Ya taɓa riƙe muƙamin ministar kuɗi a gwamnatin Olusegun Obasanjo daga shekarar 1999 zuwa 2003. A halin yanzu uwargidansa Maryam Ciroma ce ke riƙe da mukamin shugabar mata na jam'iyyar PDP ta ƙasa a Najeriya. == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{Stub}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ciroma, Adamu}} [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] [[Category:Gwamnonin Babban bankin Najeriya]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1934]] [[Category:Yan siyasar Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutane daga jihar Yobe]] r4f4bkog0tnbwag7kewku73ow4q64f5 826531 826515 2026-04-26T07:44:04Z Lamba6334 25787 826531 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Mallam Adamu Ciroma, IMF 62ph020927tl.jpg|thumb|Adamu Corona a wani taro yana kawo wasu muhimman abubuwa]] '''Adamu Ciroma''' (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga watan Nuwanba, shekara ta 1934, kuma ya mutu a ranar 5 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2018)<ref>{{Cite web |title=BREAKING: Ex-Minister of Finance, Adamu Ciroma, died at 84 |url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-ex-minister-of-finance-adamu-ciroma-died-at-84-259556.html |access-date=2019-04-05 |archive-date=2018-07-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180705180410/https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-ex-minister-of-finance-adamu-ciroma-died-at-84-259556.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya kasan ce [[dan Nijeriya|ɗan Nijeriya]] ɗan siyasa kuma Gwamnan [[Babban Bankin Nijeriya|Babban Bankin]] Nijeriya.An haife shi ne a birnin [[Potiskum|Pataskum]] dake [[Jihar Yobe]]<ref name=":0">Bolaji Adepegba, ''Adamu Ciroma, tested and trusted yet uncrowned'', Daily Independent Online, Nov 27, 2003 [http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/nov/27/0102.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304203442/http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/nov/27/0102.html|date=2016-03-04}}</ref>.<ref name=":1">Olajide Aluko. Nigeria and Britain after Gowon, African Affairs > Vol. 76, No. 304 (Jul., 1977), pp. 9</ref> Ya kasan ce memban Jam'iyyar [[Peoples Democratic Party|People's Democratic Party]] ne har yayi wafati bai sauya sheƙa ba daga ((PDP)) . == Aikin jamhuriya ta biyu == A shekarar 1979, Ciroma yana daya daga cikin masu neman takarar shugaban kasa na jam'iyyar NPN ta kasa da suka tsaya takara a zaben fidda gwani na shugaban jam'iyyar, <ref>Shehu Shagari. Beckoned To Serve. Heinemann Educational Books, Nigeria, 2001.pp214.</ref> wanda ake zaton gungun Mafiya Kaduna marasa fuska ne suka dauki nauyinsa, kungiyar da ake yada jita-jita ta 'yan boko daga Arewa, hafsoshi da jami'ai da ma’aikatan da aka jibge a kewayen Kaduna.<ref>Shehu Othman, Classes, Crises and Coup: The Demise of Shagari's Regime, African Affairs > Vol. 83, No. 333 Oct., 1984. pp 447, 449  </ref> Ya zo na uku a zaben fidda gwani, bayan Shehu Shagari da Maitama Sule, wanda Hamza Rafindadi Zayyad shugaban kamfanin ci gaban New Nigeria ne ya dauki nauyin takararsa.<ref>William Reno. Old Brigades, Money Bags, New Breeds, and the Ironies of Reform in Nigeria. Canadian Journal of African Studies > Vol. 27, No. 1 (1993), pp. 75</ref> Ciroma ya kasance sakataren NPN a takaice, sannan ya rike mukamin ministan masana'antu, noma da kudi a lokuta daban-daban. A matsayinsa na babban minista a gwamnatin Shagari, ya taka rawar gani wajen aiwatar da ajandar shugaban kasa musamman a fannin samar da abinci da kuma hada kai da hukumomin kasa da kasa wajen bunkasa shirin bunkasa noma (ADP).<ref>Quentin Peel, "Shagari shuffles Cabinet", Financial Times, February 16, 1982.</ref> A watan Satumba na 1983, an nada shi shugaban kwamitin mika mulki na shugaban kasa, wanda ya kara nuna amincewar da shugaban kasar ke da shi kan iyawar sa. An wajabta wa kwamitin ne ya gabatar da shawarwari kan yadda za a sake fasalin gwamnatin tarayya da ke cikin mawuyacin hali.<ref>Quentin Peel, "President's party wins majority in Nigerian Assembly", Financial Times, September 6, 1983.</ref> == Aikin Jamhuriya ta Hudu == Ciroma dai ya kasance ɗan jam’iyyar PDP ne. Ya taɓa riƙe muƙamin ministar kuɗi a gwamnatin Olusegun Obasanjo daga shekarar 1999 zuwa 2003. A halin yanzu uwargidansa Maryam Ciroma ce ke riƙe da mukamin shugabar mata na jam'iyyar PDP ta ƙasa a Najeriya. == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{Stub}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ciroma, Adamu}} [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] [[Category:Gwamnonin Babban bankin Najeriya]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1934]] [[Category:Yan siyasar Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutane daga jihar Yobe]] puc5nvfiaqkgxaozjubjpjkxqd20jru 826534 826531 2026-04-26T07:44:56Z Lamba6334 25787 826534 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Mallam Adamu Ciroma, IMF 62ph020927tl.jpg|thumb|Adamu Corona a wani taro yana kawo wasu muhimman abubuwa]] '''Adamu Ciroma''' (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga watan Nuwanba, shekara ta 1934, kuma ya mutu a ranar 5 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2018)<ref>{{Cite web |title=BREAKING: Ex-Minister of Finance, Adamu Ciroma, died at 84 |url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-ex-minister-of-finance-adamu-ciroma-died-at-84-259556.html |access-date=2019-04-05 |archive-date=2018-07-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180705180410/https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-ex-minister-of-finance-adamu-ciroma-died-at-84-259556.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya kasan ce [[dan Nijeriya|ɗan Nijeriya]] ɗan siyasa kuma Gwamnan [[Babban Bankin Nijeriya|Babban Bankin]] Nijeriya.An haife shi ne a birnin [[Potiskum|Pataskum]] dake [[Jihar Yobe]]<ref name=":0">Bolaji Adepegba, ''Adamu Ciroma, tested and trusted yet uncrowned'', Daily Independent Online, Nov 27, 2003 [http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/nov/27/0102.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304203442/http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/nov/27/0102.html|date=2016-03-04}}</ref>.<ref name=":1">Olajide Aluko. Nigeria and Britain after Gowon, African Affairs > Vol. 76, No. 304 (Jul., 1977), pp. 9</ref> Ya kasan ce memban Jam'iyyar [[Peoples Democratic Party|People's Democratic Party]] ne har yayi wafati bai sauya sheƙa ba daga (PDP). == Aikin jamhuriya ta biyu == A shekarar 1979, Ciroma yana daya daga cikin masu neman takarar shugaban kasa na jam'iyyar NPN ta kasa da suka tsaya takara a zaben fidda gwani na shugaban jam'iyyar, <ref>Shehu Shagari. Beckoned To Serve. Heinemann Educational Books, Nigeria, 2001.pp214.</ref> wanda ake zaton gungun Mafiya Kaduna marasa fuska ne suka dauki nauyinsa, kungiyar da ake yada jita-jita ta 'yan boko daga Arewa, hafsoshi da jami'ai da ma’aikatan da aka jibge a kewayen Kaduna.<ref>Shehu Othman, Classes, Crises and Coup: The Demise of Shagari's Regime, African Affairs > Vol. 83, No. 333 Oct., 1984. pp 447, 449  </ref> Ya zo na uku a zaben fidda gwani, bayan Shehu Shagari da Maitama Sule, wanda Hamza Rafindadi Zayyad shugaban kamfanin ci gaban New Nigeria ne ya dauki nauyin takararsa.<ref>William Reno. Old Brigades, Money Bags, New Breeds, and the Ironies of Reform in Nigeria. Canadian Journal of African Studies > Vol. 27, No. 1 (1993), pp. 75</ref> Ciroma ya kasance sakataren NPN a takaice, sannan ya rike mukamin ministan masana'antu, noma da kudi a lokuta daban-daban. A matsayinsa na babban minista a gwamnatin Shagari, ya taka rawar gani wajen aiwatar da ajandar shugaban kasa musamman a fannin samar da abinci da kuma hada kai da hukumomin kasa da kasa wajen bunkasa shirin bunkasa noma (ADP).<ref>Quentin Peel, "Shagari shuffles Cabinet", Financial Times, February 16, 1982.</ref> A watan Satumba na 1983, an nada shi shugaban kwamitin mika mulki na shugaban kasa, wanda ya kara nuna amincewar da shugaban kasar ke da shi kan iyawar sa. An wajabta wa kwamitin ne ya gabatar da shawarwari kan yadda za a sake fasalin gwamnatin tarayya da ke cikin mawuyacin hali.<ref>Quentin Peel, "President's party wins majority in Nigerian Assembly", Financial Times, September 6, 1983.</ref> == Aikin Jamhuriya ta Hudu == Ciroma dai ya kasance ɗan jam’iyyar PDP ne. Ya taɓa riƙe muƙamin ministar kuɗi a gwamnatin Olusegun Obasanjo daga shekarar 1999 zuwa 2003. A halin yanzu uwargidansa Maryam Ciroma ce ke riƙe da mukamin shugabar mata na jam'iyyar PDP ta ƙasa a Najeriya. == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{Stub}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ciroma, Adamu}} [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] [[Category:Gwamnonin Babban bankin Najeriya]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1934]] [[Category:Yan siyasar Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutane daga jihar Yobe]] hhdshevu42yrnmy9h4xsyp7kl6d586z 826536 826534 2026-04-26T07:45:20Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Aikin jamhuriya ta biyu */ 826536 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Mallam Adamu Ciroma, IMF 62ph020927tl.jpg|thumb|Adamu Corona a wani taro yana kawo wasu muhimman abubuwa]] '''Adamu Ciroma''' (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga watan Nuwanba, shekara ta 1934, kuma ya mutu a ranar 5 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2018)<ref>{{Cite web |title=BREAKING: Ex-Minister of Finance, Adamu Ciroma, died at 84 |url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-ex-minister-of-finance-adamu-ciroma-died-at-84-259556.html |access-date=2019-04-05 |archive-date=2018-07-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180705180410/https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-ex-minister-of-finance-adamu-ciroma-died-at-84-259556.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya kasan ce [[dan Nijeriya|ɗan Nijeriya]] ɗan siyasa kuma Gwamnan [[Babban Bankin Nijeriya|Babban Bankin]] Nijeriya.An haife shi ne a birnin [[Potiskum|Pataskum]] dake [[Jihar Yobe]]<ref name=":0">Bolaji Adepegba, ''Adamu Ciroma, tested and trusted yet uncrowned'', Daily Independent Online, Nov 27, 2003 [http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/nov/27/0102.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304203442/http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/nov/27/0102.html|date=2016-03-04}}</ref>.<ref name=":1">Olajide Aluko. Nigeria and Britain after Gowon, African Affairs > Vol. 76, No. 304 (Jul., 1977), pp. 9</ref> Ya kasan ce memban Jam'iyyar [[Peoples Democratic Party|People's Democratic Party]] ne har yayi wafati bai sauya sheƙa ba daga (PDP). == Aikin jamhuriya ta biyu == A shekarar 1979, Ciroma yana ɗaya daga cikin masu neman takarar shugaban kasa na jam'iyyar NPN ta kasa da suka tsaya takara a zaben fidda gwani na shugaban jam'iyyar, <ref>Shehu Shagari. Beckoned To Serve. Heinemann Educational Books, Nigeria, 2001.pp214.</ref> wanda ake zaton gungun Mafiya Kaduna marasa fuska ne suka dauki nauyinsa, kungiyar da ake yada jita-jita ta 'yan boko daga Arewa, hafsoshi da jami'ai da ma’aikatan da aka jibge a kewayen Kaduna.<ref>Shehu Othman, Classes, Crises and Coup: The Demise of Shagari's Regime, African Affairs > Vol. 83, No. 333 Oct., 1984. pp 447, 449  </ref> Ya zo na uku a zaben fidda gwani, bayan Shehu Shagari da Maitama Sule, wanda Hamza Rafindadi Zayyad shugaban kamfanin ci gaban New Nigeria ne ya dauki nauyin takararsa.<ref>William Reno. Old Brigades, Money Bags, New Breeds, and the Ironies of Reform in Nigeria. Canadian Journal of African Studies > Vol. 27, No. 1 (1993), pp. 75</ref> Ciroma ya kasance sakataren NPN a takaice, sannan ya rike mukamin ministan masana'antu, noma da kudi a lokuta daban-daban. A matsayinsa na babban minista a gwamnatin Shagari, ya taka rawar gani wajen aiwatar da ajandar shugaban kasa musamman a fannin samar da abinci da kuma hada kai da hukumomin kasa da kasa wajen bunkasa shirin bunkasa noma (ADP).<ref>Quentin Peel, "Shagari shuffles Cabinet", Financial Times, February 16, 1982.</ref> A watan Satumba na 1983, an nada shi shugaban kwamitin mika mulki na shugaban kasa, wanda ya kara nuna amincewar da shugaban kasar ke da shi kan iyawar sa. An wajabta wa kwamitin ne ya gabatar da shawarwari kan yadda za a sake fasalin gwamnatin tarayya da ke cikin mawuyacin hali.<ref>Quentin Peel, "President's party wins majority in Nigerian Assembly", Financial Times, September 6, 1983.</ref> == Aikin Jamhuriya ta Hudu == Ciroma dai ya kasance ɗan jam’iyyar PDP ne. Ya taɓa riƙe muƙamin ministar kuɗi a gwamnatin Olusegun Obasanjo daga shekarar 1999 zuwa 2003. A halin yanzu uwargidansa Maryam Ciroma ce ke riƙe da mukamin shugabar mata na jam'iyyar PDP ta ƙasa a Najeriya. == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{Stub}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ciroma, Adamu}} [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] [[Category:Gwamnonin Babban bankin Najeriya]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1934]] [[Category:Yan siyasar Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutane daga jihar Yobe]] gorx04hf1gk3c0w1fv1ce36110m2qup 826539 826536 2026-04-26T07:45:46Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Aikin jamhuriya ta biyu */ 826539 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Mallam Adamu Ciroma, IMF 62ph020927tl.jpg|thumb|Adamu Corona a wani taro yana kawo wasu muhimman abubuwa]] '''Adamu Ciroma''' (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga watan Nuwanba, shekara ta 1934, kuma ya mutu a ranar 5 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2018)<ref>{{Cite web |title=BREAKING: Ex-Minister of Finance, Adamu Ciroma, died at 84 |url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-ex-minister-of-finance-adamu-ciroma-died-at-84-259556.html |access-date=2019-04-05 |archive-date=2018-07-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180705180410/https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-ex-minister-of-finance-adamu-ciroma-died-at-84-259556.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya kasan ce [[dan Nijeriya|ɗan Nijeriya]] ɗan siyasa kuma Gwamnan [[Babban Bankin Nijeriya|Babban Bankin]] Nijeriya.An haife shi ne a birnin [[Potiskum|Pataskum]] dake [[Jihar Yobe]]<ref name=":0">Bolaji Adepegba, ''Adamu Ciroma, tested and trusted yet uncrowned'', Daily Independent Online, Nov 27, 2003 [http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/nov/27/0102.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304203442/http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/nov/27/0102.html|date=2016-03-04}}</ref>.<ref name=":1">Olajide Aluko. Nigeria and Britain after Gowon, African Affairs > Vol. 76, No. 304 (Jul., 1977), pp. 9</ref> Ya kasan ce memban Jam'iyyar [[Peoples Democratic Party|People's Democratic Party]] ne har yayi wafati bai sauya sheƙa ba daga (PDP). == Aikin jamhuriya ta biyu == A shekarar 1979, Ciroma yana ɗaya daga cikin masu neman takarar shugaban ƙasa na jam'iyyar NPN ta kasa da suka tsaya takara a zaben fidda gwani na shugaban jam'iyyar, <ref>Shehu Shagari. Beckoned To Serve. Heinemann Educational Books, Nigeria, 2001.pp214.</ref> wanda ake zaton gungun Mafiya Kaduna marasa fuska ne suka dauki nauyinsa, kungiyar da ake yada jita-jita ta 'yan boko daga Arewa, hafsoshi da jami'ai da ma’aikatan da aka jibge a kewayen Kaduna.<ref>Shehu Othman, Classes, Crises and Coup: The Demise of Shagari's Regime, African Affairs > Vol. 83, No. 333 Oct., 1984. pp 447, 449  </ref> Ya zo na uku a zaben fidda gwani, bayan Shehu Shagari da Maitama Sule, wanda Hamza Rafindadi Zayyad shugaban kamfanin ci gaban New Nigeria ne ya dauki nauyin takararsa.<ref>William Reno. Old Brigades, Money Bags, New Breeds, and the Ironies of Reform in Nigeria. Canadian Journal of African Studies > Vol. 27, No. 1 (1993), pp. 75</ref> Ciroma ya kasance sakataren NPN a takaice, sannan ya rike mukamin ministan masana'antu, noma da kudi a lokuta daban-daban. A matsayinsa na babban minista a gwamnatin Shagari, ya taka rawar gani wajen aiwatar da ajandar shugaban kasa musamman a fannin samar da abinci da kuma hada kai da hukumomin kasa da kasa wajen bunkasa shirin bunkasa noma (ADP).<ref>Quentin Peel, "Shagari shuffles Cabinet", Financial Times, February 16, 1982.</ref> A watan Satumba na 1983, an nada shi shugaban kwamitin mika mulki na shugaban kasa, wanda ya kara nuna amincewar da shugaban kasar ke da shi kan iyawar sa. An wajabta wa kwamitin ne ya gabatar da shawarwari kan yadda za a sake fasalin gwamnatin tarayya da ke cikin mawuyacin hali.<ref>Quentin Peel, "President's party wins majority in Nigerian Assembly", Financial Times, September 6, 1983.</ref> == Aikin Jamhuriya ta Hudu == Ciroma dai ya kasance ɗan jam’iyyar PDP ne. Ya taɓa riƙe muƙamin ministar kuɗi a gwamnatin Olusegun Obasanjo daga shekarar 1999 zuwa 2003. A halin yanzu uwargidansa Maryam Ciroma ce ke riƙe da mukamin shugabar mata na jam'iyyar PDP ta ƙasa a Najeriya. == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{Stub}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ciroma, Adamu}} [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] [[Category:Gwamnonin Babban bankin Najeriya]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1934]] [[Category:Yan siyasar Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutane daga jihar Yobe]] 3r5uf0dnc6nch8b06h2xynm85v2bttb 826540 826539 2026-04-26T07:46:03Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Aikin jamhuriya ta biyu */ 826540 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Mallam Adamu Ciroma, IMF 62ph020927tl.jpg|thumb|Adamu Corona a wani taro yana kawo wasu muhimman abubuwa]] '''Adamu Ciroma''' (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga watan Nuwanba, shekara ta 1934, kuma ya mutu a ranar 5 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2018)<ref>{{Cite web |title=BREAKING: Ex-Minister of Finance, Adamu Ciroma, died at 84 |url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-ex-minister-of-finance-adamu-ciroma-died-at-84-259556.html |access-date=2019-04-05 |archive-date=2018-07-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180705180410/https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-ex-minister-of-finance-adamu-ciroma-died-at-84-259556.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya kasan ce [[dan Nijeriya|ɗan Nijeriya]] ɗan siyasa kuma Gwamnan [[Babban Bankin Nijeriya|Babban Bankin]] Nijeriya.An haife shi ne a birnin [[Potiskum|Pataskum]] dake [[Jihar Yobe]]<ref name=":0">Bolaji Adepegba, ''Adamu Ciroma, tested and trusted yet uncrowned'', Daily Independent Online, Nov 27, 2003 [http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/nov/27/0102.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304203442/http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/nov/27/0102.html|date=2016-03-04}}</ref>.<ref name=":1">Olajide Aluko. Nigeria and Britain after Gowon, African Affairs > Vol. 76, No. 304 (Jul., 1977), pp. 9</ref> Ya kasan ce memban Jam'iyyar [[Peoples Democratic Party|People's Democratic Party]] ne har yayi wafati bai sauya sheƙa ba daga (PDP). == Aikin jamhuriya ta biyu == A shekarar 1979, Ciroma yana ɗaya daga cikin masu neman takarar shugaban ƙasa na jam'iyyar NPN ta ƙasa da suka tsaya takara a zaben fidda gwani na shugaban jam'iyyar, <ref>Shehu Shagari. Beckoned To Serve. Heinemann Educational Books, Nigeria, 2001.pp214.</ref> wanda ake zaton gungun Mafiya Kaduna marasa fuska ne suka dauki nauyinsa, kungiyar da ake yada jita-jita ta 'yan boko daga Arewa, hafsoshi da jami'ai da ma’aikatan da aka jibge a kewayen Kaduna.<ref>Shehu Othman, Classes, Crises and Coup: The Demise of Shagari's Regime, African Affairs > Vol. 83, No. 333 Oct., 1984. pp 447, 449  </ref> Ya zo na uku a zaben fidda gwani, bayan Shehu Shagari da Maitama Sule, wanda Hamza Rafindadi Zayyad shugaban kamfanin ci gaban New Nigeria ne ya dauki nauyin takararsa.<ref>William Reno. Old Brigades, Money Bags, New Breeds, and the Ironies of Reform in Nigeria. Canadian Journal of African Studies > Vol. 27, No. 1 (1993), pp. 75</ref> Ciroma ya kasance sakataren NPN a takaice, sannan ya rike mukamin ministan masana'antu, noma da kudi a lokuta daban-daban. A matsayinsa na babban minista a gwamnatin Shagari, ya taka rawar gani wajen aiwatar da ajandar shugaban kasa musamman a fannin samar da abinci da kuma hada kai da hukumomin kasa da kasa wajen bunkasa shirin bunkasa noma (ADP).<ref>Quentin Peel, "Shagari shuffles Cabinet", Financial Times, February 16, 1982.</ref> A watan Satumba na 1983, an nada shi shugaban kwamitin mika mulki na shugaban kasa, wanda ya kara nuna amincewar da shugaban kasar ke da shi kan iyawar sa. An wajabta wa kwamitin ne ya gabatar da shawarwari kan yadda za a sake fasalin gwamnatin tarayya da ke cikin mawuyacin hali.<ref>Quentin Peel, "President's party wins majority in Nigerian Assembly", Financial Times, September 6, 1983.</ref> == Aikin Jamhuriya ta Hudu == Ciroma dai ya kasance ɗan jam’iyyar PDP ne. Ya taɓa riƙe muƙamin ministar kuɗi a gwamnatin Olusegun Obasanjo daga shekarar 1999 zuwa 2003. A halin yanzu uwargidansa Maryam Ciroma ce ke riƙe da mukamin shugabar mata na jam'iyyar PDP ta ƙasa a Najeriya. == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{Stub}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ciroma, Adamu}} [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] [[Category:Gwamnonin Babban bankin Najeriya]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1934]] [[Category:Yan siyasar Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutane daga jihar Yobe]] g19citd9zjdotcs26z10u9jjehll3oy 826543 826540 2026-04-26T07:46:37Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Aikin jamhuriya ta biyu */ 826543 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Mallam Adamu Ciroma, IMF 62ph020927tl.jpg|thumb|Adamu Corona a wani taro yana kawo wasu muhimman abubuwa]] '''Adamu Ciroma''' (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga watan Nuwanba, shekara ta 1934, kuma ya mutu a ranar 5 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2018)<ref>{{Cite web |title=BREAKING: Ex-Minister of Finance, Adamu Ciroma, died at 84 |url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-ex-minister-of-finance-adamu-ciroma-died-at-84-259556.html |access-date=2019-04-05 |archive-date=2018-07-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180705180410/https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-ex-minister-of-finance-adamu-ciroma-died-at-84-259556.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya kasan ce [[dan Nijeriya|ɗan Nijeriya]] ɗan siyasa kuma Gwamnan [[Babban Bankin Nijeriya|Babban Bankin]] Nijeriya.An haife shi ne a birnin [[Potiskum|Pataskum]] dake [[Jihar Yobe]]<ref name=":0">Bolaji Adepegba, ''Adamu Ciroma, tested and trusted yet uncrowned'', Daily Independent Online, Nov 27, 2003 [http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/nov/27/0102.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304203442/http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/nov/27/0102.html|date=2016-03-04}}</ref>.<ref name=":1">Olajide Aluko. Nigeria and Britain after Gowon, African Affairs > Vol. 76, No. 304 (Jul., 1977), pp. 9</ref> Ya kasan ce memban Jam'iyyar [[Peoples Democratic Party|People's Democratic Party]] ne har yayi wafati bai sauya sheƙa ba daga (PDP). == Aikin jamhuriya ta biyu == A shekarar 1979, Ciroma yana ɗaya daga cikin masu neman takarar shugaban ƙasa na jam'iyyar NPN ta ƙasa da suka tsaya takara a zaɓen fidda gwani na shugaban jam'iyyar, <ref>Shehu Shagari. Beckoned To Serve. Heinemann Educational Books, Nigeria, 2001.pp214.</ref> wanda ake zaton gungun Mafiya Kaduna marasa fuska ne suka dauki nauyinsa, kungiyar da ake yada jita-jita ta 'yan boko daga Arewa, hafsoshi da jami'ai da ma’aikatan da aka jibge a kewayen Kaduna.<ref>Shehu Othman, Classes, Crises and Coup: The Demise of Shagari's Regime, African Affairs > Vol. 83, No. 333 Oct., 1984. pp 447, 449  </ref> Ya zo na uku a zaben fidda gwani, bayan Shehu Shagari da Maitama Sule, wanda Hamza Rafindadi Zayyad shugaban kamfanin ci gaban New Nigeria ne ya dauki nauyin takararsa.<ref>William Reno. Old Brigades, Money Bags, New Breeds, and the Ironies of Reform in Nigeria. Canadian Journal of African Studies > Vol. 27, No. 1 (1993), pp. 75</ref> Ciroma ya kasance sakataren NPN a takaice, sannan ya rike mukamin ministan masana'antu, noma da kudi a lokuta daban-daban. A matsayinsa na babban minista a gwamnatin Shagari, ya taka rawar gani wajen aiwatar da ajandar shugaban kasa musamman a fannin samar da abinci da kuma hada kai da hukumomin kasa da kasa wajen bunkasa shirin bunkasa noma (ADP).<ref>Quentin Peel, "Shagari shuffles Cabinet", Financial Times, February 16, 1982.</ref> A watan Satumba na 1983, an nada shi shugaban kwamitin mika mulki na shugaban kasa, wanda ya kara nuna amincewar da shugaban kasar ke da shi kan iyawar sa. An wajabta wa kwamitin ne ya gabatar da shawarwari kan yadda za a sake fasalin gwamnatin tarayya da ke cikin mawuyacin hali.<ref>Quentin Peel, "President's party wins majority in Nigerian Assembly", Financial Times, September 6, 1983.</ref> == Aikin Jamhuriya ta Hudu == Ciroma dai ya kasance ɗan jam’iyyar PDP ne. Ya taɓa riƙe muƙamin ministar kuɗi a gwamnatin Olusegun Obasanjo daga shekarar 1999 zuwa 2003. A halin yanzu uwargidansa Maryam Ciroma ce ke riƙe da mukamin shugabar mata na jam'iyyar PDP ta ƙasa a Najeriya. == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{Stub}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ciroma, Adamu}} [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] [[Category:Gwamnonin Babban bankin Najeriya]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1934]] [[Category:Yan siyasar Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutane daga jihar Yobe]] mkf7j6n074jzzkqltwpg5gxi7u1hdv8 826550 826543 2026-04-26T07:48:17Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Aikin jamhuriya ta biyu */ 826550 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Mallam Adamu Ciroma, IMF 62ph020927tl.jpg|thumb|Adamu Corona a wani taro yana kawo wasu muhimman abubuwa]] '''Adamu Ciroma''' (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga watan Nuwanba, shekara ta 1934, kuma ya mutu a ranar 5 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2018)<ref>{{Cite web |title=BREAKING: Ex-Minister of Finance, Adamu Ciroma, died at 84 |url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-ex-minister-of-finance-adamu-ciroma-died-at-84-259556.html |access-date=2019-04-05 |archive-date=2018-07-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180705180410/https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-ex-minister-of-finance-adamu-ciroma-died-at-84-259556.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya kasan ce [[dan Nijeriya|ɗan Nijeriya]] ɗan siyasa kuma Gwamnan [[Babban Bankin Nijeriya|Babban Bankin]] Nijeriya.An haife shi ne a birnin [[Potiskum|Pataskum]] dake [[Jihar Yobe]]<ref name=":0">Bolaji Adepegba, ''Adamu Ciroma, tested and trusted yet uncrowned'', Daily Independent Online, Nov 27, 2003 [http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/nov/27/0102.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304203442/http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/nov/27/0102.html|date=2016-03-04}}</ref>.<ref name=":1">Olajide Aluko. Nigeria and Britain after Gowon, African Affairs > Vol. 76, No. 304 (Jul., 1977), pp. 9</ref> Ya kasan ce memban Jam'iyyar [[Peoples Democratic Party|People's Democratic Party]] ne har yayi wafati bai sauya sheƙa ba daga (PDP). == Aikin jamhuriya ta biyu == A shekarar 1979, Ciroma yana ɗaya daga cikin masu neman takarar shugaban ƙasa na jam'iyyar NPN ta ƙasa da suka tsaya takara a zaɓen fidda gwani na shugaban jam'iyyar, <ref>Shehu Shagari. Beckoned To Serve. Heinemann Educational Books, Nigeria, 2001.pp214.</ref> wanda ake zaton gungun Mafiya Kaduna marasa fuska ne suka ɗauki nauyinsa, kungiyar da ake yada jita-jita ta 'yan boko daga Arewa, hafsoshi da jami'ai da ma’aikatan da aka jibge a kewayen Kaduna.<ref>Shehu Othman, Classes, Crises and Coup: The Demise of Shagari's Regime, African Affairs > Vol. 83, No. 333 Oct., 1984. pp 447, 449  </ref> Ya zo na uku a zaben fidda gwani, bayan Shehu Shagari da Maitama Sule, wanda Hamza Rafindadi Zayyad shugaban kamfanin ci gaban New Nigeria ne ya dauki nauyin takararsa.<ref>William Reno. Old Brigades, Money Bags, New Breeds, and the Ironies of Reform in Nigeria. Canadian Journal of African Studies > Vol. 27, No. 1 (1993), pp. 75</ref> Ciroma ya kasance sakataren NPN a takaice, sannan ya rike mukamin ministan masana'antu, noma da kudi a lokuta daban-daban. A matsayinsa na babban minista a gwamnatin Shagari, ya taka rawar gani wajen aiwatar da ajandar shugaban kasa musamman a fannin samar da abinci da kuma hada kai da hukumomin kasa da kasa wajen bunkasa shirin bunkasa noma (ADP).<ref>Quentin Peel, "Shagari shuffles Cabinet", Financial Times, February 16, 1982.</ref> A watan Satumba na 1983, an nada shi shugaban kwamitin mika mulki na shugaban kasa, wanda ya kara nuna amincewar da shugaban kasar ke da shi kan iyawar sa. An wajabta wa kwamitin ne ya gabatar da shawarwari kan yadda za a sake fasalin gwamnatin tarayya da ke cikin mawuyacin hali.<ref>Quentin Peel, "President's party wins majority in Nigerian Assembly", Financial Times, September 6, 1983.</ref> == Aikin Jamhuriya ta Hudu == Ciroma dai ya kasance ɗan jam’iyyar PDP ne. Ya taɓa riƙe muƙamin ministar kuɗi a gwamnatin Olusegun Obasanjo daga shekarar 1999 zuwa 2003. A halin yanzu uwargidansa Maryam Ciroma ce ke riƙe da mukamin shugabar mata na jam'iyyar PDP ta ƙasa a Najeriya. == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{Stub}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ciroma, Adamu}} [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] [[Category:Gwamnonin Babban bankin Najeriya]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1934]] [[Category:Yan siyasar Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutane daga jihar Yobe]] ge7caid40er6v6lcytzvxxh6tm7q6nr 826555 826550 2026-04-26T07:49:18Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Aikin jamhuriya ta biyu */ 826555 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Mallam Adamu Ciroma, IMF 62ph020927tl.jpg|thumb|Adamu Corona a wani taro yana kawo wasu muhimman abubuwa]] '''Adamu Ciroma''' (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga watan Nuwanba, shekara ta 1934, kuma ya mutu a ranar 5 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2018)<ref>{{Cite web |title=BREAKING: Ex-Minister of Finance, Adamu Ciroma, died at 84 |url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-ex-minister-of-finance-adamu-ciroma-died-at-84-259556.html |access-date=2019-04-05 |archive-date=2018-07-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180705180410/https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-ex-minister-of-finance-adamu-ciroma-died-at-84-259556.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya kasan ce [[dan Nijeriya|ɗan Nijeriya]] ɗan siyasa kuma Gwamnan [[Babban Bankin Nijeriya|Babban Bankin]] Nijeriya.An haife shi ne a birnin [[Potiskum|Pataskum]] dake [[Jihar Yobe]]<ref name=":0">Bolaji Adepegba, ''Adamu Ciroma, tested and trusted yet uncrowned'', Daily Independent Online, Nov 27, 2003 [http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/nov/27/0102.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304203442/http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/nov/27/0102.html|date=2016-03-04}}</ref>.<ref name=":1">Olajide Aluko. Nigeria and Britain after Gowon, African Affairs > Vol. 76, No. 304 (Jul., 1977), pp. 9</ref> Ya kasan ce memban Jam'iyyar [[Peoples Democratic Party|People's Democratic Party]] ne har yayi wafati bai sauya sheƙa ba daga (PDP). == Aikin jamhuriya ta biyu == A shekarar 1979, Ciroma yana ɗaya daga cikin masu neman takarar shugaban ƙasa na jam'iyyar NPN ta ƙasa da suka tsaya takara a zaɓen fidda gwani na shugaban jam'iyyar, <ref>Shehu Shagari. Beckoned To Serve. Heinemann Educational Books, Nigeria, 2001.pp214.</ref> wanda ake zaton gungun Mafiya Kaduna marasa fuska ne suka ɗauki nauyinsa, ƙungiyar da ake yaɗa jita-jita ta 'yan boko daga Arewa, hafsoshi da jami'ai da ma’aikatan da aka jibge a kewayen Kaduna.<ref>Shehu Othman, Classes, Crises and Coup: The Demise of Shagari's Regime, African Affairs > Vol. 83, No. 333 Oct., 1984. pp 447, 449  </ref> Ya zo na uku a zaben fidda gwani, bayan Shehu Shagari da Maitama Sule, wanda Hamza Rafindadi Zayyad shugaban kamfanin ci gaban New Nigeria ne ya dauki nauyin takararsa.<ref>William Reno. Old Brigades, Money Bags, New Breeds, and the Ironies of Reform in Nigeria. Canadian Journal of African Studies > Vol. 27, No. 1 (1993), pp. 75</ref> Ciroma ya kasance sakataren NPN a takaice, sannan ya rike mukamin ministan masana'antu, noma da kudi a lokuta daban-daban. A matsayinsa na babban minista a gwamnatin Shagari, ya taka rawar gani wajen aiwatar da ajandar shugaban kasa musamman a fannin samar da abinci da kuma hada kai da hukumomin kasa da kasa wajen bunkasa shirin bunkasa noma (ADP).<ref>Quentin Peel, "Shagari shuffles Cabinet", Financial Times, February 16, 1982.</ref> A watan Satumba na 1983, an nada shi shugaban kwamitin mika mulki na shugaban kasa, wanda ya kara nuna amincewar da shugaban kasar ke da shi kan iyawar sa. An wajabta wa kwamitin ne ya gabatar da shawarwari kan yadda za a sake fasalin gwamnatin tarayya da ke cikin mawuyacin hali.<ref>Quentin Peel, "President's party wins majority in Nigerian Assembly", Financial Times, September 6, 1983.</ref> == Aikin Jamhuriya ta Hudu == Ciroma dai ya kasance ɗan jam’iyyar PDP ne. Ya taɓa riƙe muƙamin ministar kuɗi a gwamnatin Olusegun Obasanjo daga shekarar 1999 zuwa 2003. A halin yanzu uwargidansa Maryam Ciroma ce ke riƙe da mukamin shugabar mata na jam'iyyar PDP ta ƙasa a Najeriya. == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{Stub}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ciroma, Adamu}} [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] [[Category:Gwamnonin Babban bankin Najeriya]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1934]] [[Category:Yan siyasar Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutane daga jihar Yobe]] 6xnpvvbh9wca6wc0gjjhstqweq2p9x5 826562 826555 2026-04-26T07:51:29Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Aikin jamhuriya ta biyu */ 826562 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Mallam Adamu Ciroma, IMF 62ph020927tl.jpg|thumb|Adamu Corona a wani taro yana kawo wasu muhimman abubuwa]] '''Adamu Ciroma''' (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga watan Nuwanba, shekara ta 1934, kuma ya mutu a ranar 5 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2018)<ref>{{Cite web |title=BREAKING: Ex-Minister of Finance, Adamu Ciroma, died at 84 |url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-ex-minister-of-finance-adamu-ciroma-died-at-84-259556.html |access-date=2019-04-05 |archive-date=2018-07-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180705180410/https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-ex-minister-of-finance-adamu-ciroma-died-at-84-259556.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya kasan ce [[dan Nijeriya|ɗan Nijeriya]] ɗan siyasa kuma Gwamnan [[Babban Bankin Nijeriya|Babban Bankin]] Nijeriya.An haife shi ne a birnin [[Potiskum|Pataskum]] dake [[Jihar Yobe]]<ref name=":0">Bolaji Adepegba, ''Adamu Ciroma, tested and trusted yet uncrowned'', Daily Independent Online, Nov 27, 2003 [http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/nov/27/0102.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304203442/http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/nov/27/0102.html|date=2016-03-04}}</ref>.<ref name=":1">Olajide Aluko. Nigeria and Britain after Gowon, African Affairs > Vol. 76, No. 304 (Jul., 1977), pp. 9</ref> Ya kasan ce memban Jam'iyyar [[Peoples Democratic Party|People's Democratic Party]] ne har yayi wafati bai sauya sheƙa ba daga (PDP). == Aikin jamhuriya ta biyu == A shekarar 1979, Ciroma yana ɗaya daga cikin masu neman takarar shugaban ƙasa na jam'iyyar NPN ta ƙasa da suka tsaya takara a zaɓen fidda gwani na shugaban jam'iyyar, <ref>Shehu Shagari. Beckoned To Serve. Heinemann Educational Books, Nigeria, 2001.pp214.</ref> wanda ake zaton gungun Mafiya Kaduna marasa fuska ne suka ɗauki nauyinsa, ƙungiyar da ake yaɗa jita-jita ta ƴan boko daga Arewa, hafsoshi da jami'ai da ma’aikatan da aka jibge a kewayen Kaduna.<ref>Shehu Othman, Classes, Crises and Coup: The Demise of Shagari's Regime, African Affairs > Vol. 83, No. 333 Oct., 1984. pp 447, 449  </ref> Ya zo na uku a zaben fidda gwani, bayan Shehu Shagari da Maitama Sule, wanda Hamza Rafindadi Zayyad shugaban kamfanin ci gaban New Nigeria ne ya dauki nauyin takararsa.<ref>William Reno. Old Brigades, Money Bags, New Breeds, and the Ironies of Reform in Nigeria. Canadian Journal of African Studies > Vol. 27, No. 1 (1993), pp. 75</ref> Ciroma ya kasance sakataren NPN a takaice, sannan ya rike mukamin ministan masana'antu, noma da kudi a lokuta daban-daban. A matsayinsa na babban minista a gwamnatin Shagari, ya taka rawar gani wajen aiwatar da ajandar shugaban kasa musamman a fannin samar da abinci da kuma hada kai da hukumomin kasa da kasa wajen bunkasa shirin bunkasa noma (ADP).<ref>Quentin Peel, "Shagari shuffles Cabinet", Financial Times, February 16, 1982.</ref> A watan Satumba na 1983, an nada shi shugaban kwamitin mika mulki na shugaban kasa, wanda ya kara nuna amincewar da shugaban kasar ke da shi kan iyawar sa. An wajabta wa kwamitin ne ya gabatar da shawarwari kan yadda za a sake fasalin gwamnatin tarayya da ke cikin mawuyacin hali.<ref>Quentin Peel, "President's party wins majority in Nigerian Assembly", Financial Times, September 6, 1983.</ref> == Aikin Jamhuriya ta Hudu == Ciroma dai ya kasance ɗan jam’iyyar PDP ne. Ya taɓa riƙe muƙamin ministar kuɗi a gwamnatin Olusegun Obasanjo daga shekarar 1999 zuwa 2003. A halin yanzu uwargidansa Maryam Ciroma ce ke riƙe da mukamin shugabar mata na jam'iyyar PDP ta ƙasa a Najeriya. == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{Stub}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ciroma, Adamu}} [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] [[Category:Gwamnonin Babban bankin Najeriya]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1934]] [[Category:Yan siyasar Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutane daga jihar Yobe]] cei7vh4nlesl7hk74lpg4u14wegztww 826565 826562 2026-04-26T07:52:10Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Aikin jamhuriya ta biyu */ 826565 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Mallam Adamu Ciroma, IMF 62ph020927tl.jpg|thumb|Adamu Corona a wani taro yana kawo wasu muhimman abubuwa]] '''Adamu Ciroma''' (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga watan Nuwanba, shekara ta 1934, kuma ya mutu a ranar 5 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2018)<ref>{{Cite web |title=BREAKING: Ex-Minister of Finance, Adamu Ciroma, died at 84 |url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-ex-minister-of-finance-adamu-ciroma-died-at-84-259556.html |access-date=2019-04-05 |archive-date=2018-07-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180705180410/https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-ex-minister-of-finance-adamu-ciroma-died-at-84-259556.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya kasan ce [[dan Nijeriya|ɗan Nijeriya]] ɗan siyasa kuma Gwamnan [[Babban Bankin Nijeriya|Babban Bankin]] Nijeriya.An haife shi ne a birnin [[Potiskum|Pataskum]] dake [[Jihar Yobe]]<ref name=":0">Bolaji Adepegba, ''Adamu Ciroma, tested and trusted yet uncrowned'', Daily Independent Online, Nov 27, 2003 [http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/nov/27/0102.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304203442/http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/nov/27/0102.html|date=2016-03-04}}</ref>.<ref name=":1">Olajide Aluko. Nigeria and Britain after Gowon, African Affairs > Vol. 76, No. 304 (Jul., 1977), pp. 9</ref> Ya kasan ce memban Jam'iyyar [[Peoples Democratic Party|People's Democratic Party]] ne har yayi wafati bai sauya sheƙa ba daga (PDP). == Aikin jamhuriya ta biyu == A shekarar 1979, Ciroma yana ɗaya daga cikin masu neman takarar shugaban ƙasa na jam'iyyar NPN ta ƙasa da suka tsaya takara a zaɓen fidda gwani na shugaban jam'iyyar, <ref>Shehu Shagari. Beckoned To Serve. Heinemann Educational Books, Nigeria, 2001.pp214.</ref> wanda ake zaton gungun Mafiya Kaduna marasa fuska ne suka ɗauki nauyinsa, ƙungiyar da ake yaɗa jita-jita ta ƴan boko daga Arewa, hafsoshi da jami'ai da ma’aikatan da aka jibge a kewayen Kaduna.<ref>Shehu Othman, Classes, Crises and Coup: The Demise of Shagari's Regime, African Affairs > Vol. 83, No. 333 Oct., 1984. pp 447, 449  </ref> Ya zo na uku a zaɓen fidda gwani, bayan Shehu Shagari da Maitama Sule, wanda Hamza Rafindadi Zayyad shugaban kamfanin ci gaban New Nigeria ne ya dauki nauyin takararsa.<ref>William Reno. Old Brigades, Money Bags, New Breeds, and the Ironies of Reform in Nigeria. Canadian Journal of African Studies > Vol. 27, No. 1 (1993), pp. 75</ref> Ciroma ya kasance sakataren NPN a takaice, sannan ya rike mukamin ministan masana'antu, noma da kudi a lokuta daban-daban. A matsayinsa na babban minista a gwamnatin Shagari, ya taka rawar gani wajen aiwatar da ajandar shugaban kasa musamman a fannin samar da abinci da kuma hada kai da hukumomin kasa da kasa wajen bunkasa shirin bunkasa noma (ADP).<ref>Quentin Peel, "Shagari shuffles Cabinet", Financial Times, February 16, 1982.</ref> A watan Satumba na 1983, an nada shi shugaban kwamitin mika mulki na shugaban kasa, wanda ya kara nuna amincewar da shugaban kasar ke da shi kan iyawar sa. An wajabta wa kwamitin ne ya gabatar da shawarwari kan yadda za a sake fasalin gwamnatin tarayya da ke cikin mawuyacin hali.<ref>Quentin Peel, "President's party wins majority in Nigerian Assembly", Financial Times, September 6, 1983.</ref> == Aikin Jamhuriya ta Hudu == Ciroma dai ya kasance ɗan jam’iyyar PDP ne. Ya taɓa riƙe muƙamin ministar kuɗi a gwamnatin Olusegun Obasanjo daga shekarar 1999 zuwa 2003. A halin yanzu uwargidansa Maryam Ciroma ce ke riƙe da mukamin shugabar mata na jam'iyyar PDP ta ƙasa a Najeriya. == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{Stub}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ciroma, Adamu}} [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] [[Category:Gwamnonin Babban bankin Najeriya]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1934]] [[Category:Yan siyasar Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutane daga jihar Yobe]] 48myih6v4eyghfu3shposjujth2tetp 826568 826565 2026-04-26T07:53:00Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Aikin jamhuriya ta biyu */ 826568 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Mallam Adamu Ciroma, IMF 62ph020927tl.jpg|thumb|Adamu Corona a wani taro yana kawo wasu muhimman abubuwa]] '''Adamu Ciroma''' (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga watan Nuwanba, shekara ta 1934, kuma ya mutu a ranar 5 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2018)<ref>{{Cite web |title=BREAKING: Ex-Minister of Finance, Adamu Ciroma, died at 84 |url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-ex-minister-of-finance-adamu-ciroma-died-at-84-259556.html |access-date=2019-04-05 |archive-date=2018-07-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180705180410/https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-ex-minister-of-finance-adamu-ciroma-died-at-84-259556.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya kasan ce [[dan Nijeriya|ɗan Nijeriya]] ɗan siyasa kuma Gwamnan [[Babban Bankin Nijeriya|Babban Bankin]] Nijeriya.An haife shi ne a birnin [[Potiskum|Pataskum]] dake [[Jihar Yobe]]<ref name=":0">Bolaji Adepegba, ''Adamu Ciroma, tested and trusted yet uncrowned'', Daily Independent Online, Nov 27, 2003 [http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/nov/27/0102.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304203442/http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/nov/27/0102.html|date=2016-03-04}}</ref>.<ref name=":1">Olajide Aluko. Nigeria and Britain after Gowon, African Affairs > Vol. 76, No. 304 (Jul., 1977), pp. 9</ref> Ya kasan ce memban Jam'iyyar [[Peoples Democratic Party|People's Democratic Party]] ne har yayi wafati bai sauya sheƙa ba daga (PDP). == Aikin jamhuriya ta biyu == A shekarar 1979, Ciroma yana ɗaya daga cikin masu neman takarar shugaban ƙasa na jam'iyyar NPN ta ƙasa da suka tsaya takara a zaɓen fidda gwani na shugaban jam'iyyar, <ref>Shehu Shagari. Beckoned To Serve. Heinemann Educational Books, Nigeria, 2001.pp214.</ref> wanda ake zaton gungun Mafiya Kaduna marasa fuska ne suka ɗauki nauyinsa, ƙungiyar da ake yaɗa jita-jita ta ƴan boko daga Arewa, hafsoshi da jami'ai da ma’aikatan da aka jibge a kewayen Kaduna.<ref>Shehu Othman, Classes, Crises and Coup: The Demise of Shagari's Regime, African Affairs > Vol. 83, No. 333 Oct., 1984. pp 447, 449  </ref> Ya zo na uku a zaɓen fidda gwani, bayan Shehu Shagari da Maitama Sule, wanda Hamza Rafindadi Zayyad shugaban kamfanin ci gaban New Nigeria ne ya ɗauki nauyin takararsa.<ref>William Reno. Old Brigades, Money Bags, New Breeds, and the Ironies of Reform in Nigeria. Canadian Journal of African Studies > Vol. 27, No. 1 (1993), pp. 75</ref> Ciroma ya kasance sakataren NPN a takaice, sannan ya rike mukamin ministan masana'antu, noma da kudi a lokuta daban-daban. A matsayinsa na babban minista a gwamnatin Shagari, ya taka rawar gani wajen aiwatar da ajandar shugaban kasa musamman a fannin samar da abinci da kuma hada kai da hukumomin kasa da kasa wajen bunkasa shirin bunkasa noma (ADP).<ref>Quentin Peel, "Shagari shuffles Cabinet", Financial Times, February 16, 1982.</ref> A watan Satumba na 1983, an nada shi shugaban kwamitin mika mulki na shugaban kasa, wanda ya kara nuna amincewar da shugaban kasar ke da shi kan iyawar sa. An wajabta wa kwamitin ne ya gabatar da shawarwari kan yadda za a sake fasalin gwamnatin tarayya da ke cikin mawuyacin hali.<ref>Quentin Peel, "President's party wins majority in Nigerian Assembly", Financial Times, September 6, 1983.</ref> == Aikin Jamhuriya ta Hudu == Ciroma dai ya kasance ɗan jam’iyyar PDP ne. Ya taɓa riƙe muƙamin ministar kuɗi a gwamnatin Olusegun Obasanjo daga shekarar 1999 zuwa 2003. A halin yanzu uwargidansa Maryam Ciroma ce ke riƙe da mukamin shugabar mata na jam'iyyar PDP ta ƙasa a Najeriya. == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{Stub}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ciroma, Adamu}} [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] [[Category:Gwamnonin Babban bankin Najeriya]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1934]] [[Category:Yan siyasar Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutane daga jihar Yobe]] 1qco5cz4c8r8uun88ciy4prvo8u0pex 826571 826568 2026-04-26T07:53:55Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Aikin jamhuriya ta biyu */ 826571 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Mallam Adamu Ciroma, IMF 62ph020927tl.jpg|thumb|Adamu Corona a wani taro yana kawo wasu muhimman abubuwa]] '''Adamu Ciroma''' (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga watan Nuwanba, shekara ta 1934, kuma ya mutu a ranar 5 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2018)<ref>{{Cite web |title=BREAKING: Ex-Minister of Finance, Adamu Ciroma, died at 84 |url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-ex-minister-of-finance-adamu-ciroma-died-at-84-259556.html |access-date=2019-04-05 |archive-date=2018-07-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180705180410/https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-ex-minister-of-finance-adamu-ciroma-died-at-84-259556.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya kasan ce [[dan Nijeriya|ɗan Nijeriya]] ɗan siyasa kuma Gwamnan [[Babban Bankin Nijeriya|Babban Bankin]] Nijeriya.An haife shi ne a birnin [[Potiskum|Pataskum]] dake [[Jihar Yobe]]<ref name=":0">Bolaji Adepegba, ''Adamu Ciroma, tested and trusted yet uncrowned'', Daily Independent Online, Nov 27, 2003 [http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/nov/27/0102.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304203442/http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/nov/27/0102.html|date=2016-03-04}}</ref>.<ref name=":1">Olajide Aluko. Nigeria and Britain after Gowon, African Affairs > Vol. 76, No. 304 (Jul., 1977), pp. 9</ref> Ya kasan ce memban Jam'iyyar [[Peoples Democratic Party|People's Democratic Party]] ne har yayi wafati bai sauya sheƙa ba daga (PDP). == Aikin jamhuriya ta biyu == A shekarar 1979, Ciroma yana ɗaya daga cikin masu neman takarar shugaban ƙasa na jam'iyyar NPN ta ƙasa da suka tsaya takara a zaɓen fidda gwani na shugaban jam'iyyar, <ref>Shehu Shagari. Beckoned To Serve. Heinemann Educational Books, Nigeria, 2001.pp214.</ref> wanda ake zaton gungun Mafiya Kaduna marasa fuska ne suka ɗauki nauyinsa, ƙungiyar da ake yaɗa jita-jita ta ƴan boko daga Arewa, hafsoshi da jami'ai da ma’aikatan da aka jibge a kewayen Kaduna.<ref>Shehu Othman, Classes, Crises and Coup: The Demise of Shagari's Regime, African Affairs > Vol. 83, No. 333 Oct., 1984. pp 447, 449  </ref> Ya zo na uku a zaɓen fidda gwani, bayan Shehu Shagari da Maitama Sule, wanda Hamza Rafindadi Zayyad shugaban kamfanin ci gaban New Nigeria ne ya ɗauki nauyin takararsa.<ref>William Reno. Old Brigades, Money Bags, New Breeds, and the Ironies of Reform in Nigeria. Canadian Journal of African Studies > Vol. 27, No. 1 (1993), pp. 75</ref> Ciroma ya kasance sakataren NPN a taƙaice, sannan ya rike mukamin ministan masana'antu, noma da kudi a lokuta daban-daban. A matsayinsa na babban minista a gwamnatin Shagari, ya taka rawar gani wajen aiwatar da ajandar shugaban kasa musamman a fannin samar da abinci da kuma hada kai da hukumomin kasa da kasa wajen bunkasa shirin bunkasa noma (ADP).<ref>Quentin Peel, "Shagari shuffles Cabinet", Financial Times, February 16, 1982.</ref> A watan Satumba na 1983, an nada shi shugaban kwamitin mika mulki na shugaban kasa, wanda ya kara nuna amincewar da shugaban kasar ke da shi kan iyawar sa. An wajabta wa kwamitin ne ya gabatar da shawarwari kan yadda za a sake fasalin gwamnatin tarayya da ke cikin mawuyacin hali.<ref>Quentin Peel, "President's party wins majority in Nigerian Assembly", Financial Times, September 6, 1983.</ref> == Aikin Jamhuriya ta Hudu == Ciroma dai ya kasance ɗan jam’iyyar PDP ne. Ya taɓa riƙe muƙamin ministar kuɗi a gwamnatin Olusegun Obasanjo daga shekarar 1999 zuwa 2003. A halin yanzu uwargidansa Maryam Ciroma ce ke riƙe da mukamin shugabar mata na jam'iyyar PDP ta ƙasa a Najeriya. == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{Stub}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ciroma, Adamu}} [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] [[Category:Gwamnonin Babban bankin Najeriya]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1934]] [[Category:Yan siyasar Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutane daga jihar Yobe]] fn1wiu4c2x9ytvpimvl3r6ft67qoqbh 826575 826571 2026-04-26T07:55:01Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Aikin jamhuriya ta biyu */ 826575 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Mallam Adamu Ciroma, IMF 62ph020927tl.jpg|thumb|Adamu Corona a wani taro yana kawo wasu muhimman abubuwa]] '''Adamu Ciroma''' (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga watan Nuwanba, shekara ta 1934, kuma ya mutu a ranar 5 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2018)<ref>{{Cite web |title=BREAKING: Ex-Minister of Finance, Adamu Ciroma, died at 84 |url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-ex-minister-of-finance-adamu-ciroma-died-at-84-259556.html |access-date=2019-04-05 |archive-date=2018-07-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180705180410/https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-ex-minister-of-finance-adamu-ciroma-died-at-84-259556.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya kasan ce [[dan Nijeriya|ɗan Nijeriya]] ɗan siyasa kuma Gwamnan [[Babban Bankin Nijeriya|Babban Bankin]] Nijeriya.An haife shi ne a birnin [[Potiskum|Pataskum]] dake [[Jihar Yobe]]<ref name=":0">Bolaji Adepegba, ''Adamu Ciroma, tested and trusted yet uncrowned'', Daily Independent Online, Nov 27, 2003 [http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/nov/27/0102.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304203442/http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/nov/27/0102.html|date=2016-03-04}}</ref>.<ref name=":1">Olajide Aluko. Nigeria and Britain after Gowon, African Affairs > Vol. 76, No. 304 (Jul., 1977), pp. 9</ref> Ya kasan ce memban Jam'iyyar [[Peoples Democratic Party|People's Democratic Party]] ne har yayi wafati bai sauya sheƙa ba daga (PDP). == Aikin jamhuriya ta biyu == A shekarar 1979, Ciroma yana ɗaya daga cikin masu neman takarar shugaban ƙasa na jam'iyyar NPN ta ƙasa da suka tsaya takara a zaɓen fidda gwani na shugaban jam'iyyar, <ref>Shehu Shagari. Beckoned To Serve. Heinemann Educational Books, Nigeria, 2001.pp214.</ref> wanda ake zaton gungun Mafiya Kaduna marasa fuska ne suka ɗauki nauyinsa, ƙungiyar da ake yaɗa jita-jita ta ƴan boko daga Arewa, hafsoshi da jami'ai da ma’aikatan da aka jibge a kewayen Kaduna.<ref>Shehu Othman, Classes, Crises and Coup: The Demise of Shagari's Regime, African Affairs > Vol. 83, No. 333 Oct., 1984. pp 447, 449  </ref> Ya zo na uku a zaɓen fidda gwani, bayan Shehu Shagari da Maitama Sule, wanda Hamza Rafindadi Zayyad shugaban kamfanin ci gaban New Nigeria ne ya ɗauki nauyin takararsa.<ref>William Reno. Old Brigades, Money Bags, New Breeds, and the Ironies of Reform in Nigeria. Canadian Journal of African Studies > Vol. 27, No. 1 (1993), pp. 75</ref> Ciroma ya kasance sakataren NPN a taƙaice, sannan ya riƙe muƙamin ministan masana'antu, noma da kudi a lokuta daban-daban. A matsayinsa na babban minista a gwamnatin Shagari, ya taka rawar gani wajen aiwatar da ajandar shugaban kasa musamman a fannin samar da abinci da kuma hada kai da hukumomin kasa da kasa wajen bunkasa shirin bunkasa noma (ADP).<ref>Quentin Peel, "Shagari shuffles Cabinet", Financial Times, February 16, 1982.</ref> A watan Satumba na 1983, an nada shi shugaban kwamitin mika mulki na shugaban kasa, wanda ya kara nuna amincewar da shugaban kasar ke da shi kan iyawar sa. An wajabta wa kwamitin ne ya gabatar da shawarwari kan yadda za a sake fasalin gwamnatin tarayya da ke cikin mawuyacin hali.<ref>Quentin Peel, "President's party wins majority in Nigerian Assembly", Financial Times, September 6, 1983.</ref> == Aikin Jamhuriya ta Hudu == Ciroma dai ya kasance ɗan jam’iyyar PDP ne. Ya taɓa riƙe muƙamin ministar kuɗi a gwamnatin Olusegun Obasanjo daga shekarar 1999 zuwa 2003. A halin yanzu uwargidansa Maryam Ciroma ce ke riƙe da mukamin shugabar mata na jam'iyyar PDP ta ƙasa a Najeriya. == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{Stub}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ciroma, Adamu}} [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] [[Category:Gwamnonin Babban bankin Najeriya]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1934]] [[Category:Yan siyasar Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutane daga jihar Yobe]] 2fjtc5gpq743tzwzuzyku67uqxesc4t 826577 826575 2026-04-26T07:55:34Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Aikin jamhuriya ta biyu */ 826577 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Mallam Adamu Ciroma, IMF 62ph020927tl.jpg|thumb|Adamu Corona a wani taro yana kawo wasu muhimman abubuwa]] '''Adamu Ciroma''' (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga watan Nuwanba, shekara ta 1934, kuma ya mutu a ranar 5 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2018)<ref>{{Cite web |title=BREAKING: Ex-Minister of Finance, Adamu Ciroma, died at 84 |url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-ex-minister-of-finance-adamu-ciroma-died-at-84-259556.html |access-date=2019-04-05 |archive-date=2018-07-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180705180410/https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-ex-minister-of-finance-adamu-ciroma-died-at-84-259556.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya kasan ce [[dan Nijeriya|ɗan Nijeriya]] ɗan siyasa kuma Gwamnan [[Babban Bankin Nijeriya|Babban Bankin]] Nijeriya.An haife shi ne a birnin [[Potiskum|Pataskum]] dake [[Jihar Yobe]]<ref name=":0">Bolaji Adepegba, ''Adamu Ciroma, tested and trusted yet uncrowned'', Daily Independent Online, Nov 27, 2003 [http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/nov/27/0102.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304203442/http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/nov/27/0102.html|date=2016-03-04}}</ref>.<ref name=":1">Olajide Aluko. Nigeria and Britain after Gowon, African Affairs > Vol. 76, No. 304 (Jul., 1977), pp. 9</ref> Ya kasan ce memban Jam'iyyar [[Peoples Democratic Party|People's Democratic Party]] ne har yayi wafati bai sauya sheƙa ba daga (PDP). == Aikin jamhuriya ta biyu == A shekarar 1979, Ciroma yana ɗaya daga cikin masu neman takarar shugaban ƙasa na jam'iyyar NPN ta ƙasa da suka tsaya takara a zaɓen fidda gwani na shugaban jam'iyyar, <ref>Shehu Shagari. Beckoned To Serve. Heinemann Educational Books, Nigeria, 2001.pp214.</ref> wanda ake zaton gungun Mafiya Kaduna marasa fuska ne suka ɗauki nauyinsa, ƙungiyar da ake yaɗa jita-jita ta ƴan boko daga Arewa, hafsoshi da jami'ai da ma’aikatan da aka jibge a kewayen Kaduna.<ref>Shehu Othman, Classes, Crises and Coup: The Demise of Shagari's Regime, African Affairs > Vol. 83, No. 333 Oct., 1984. pp 447, 449  </ref> Ya zo na uku a zaɓen fidda gwani, bayan Shehu Shagari da Maitama Sule, wanda Hamza Rafindadi Zayyad shugaban kamfanin ci gaban New Nigeria ne ya ɗauki nauyin takararsa.<ref>William Reno. Old Brigades, Money Bags, New Breeds, and the Ironies of Reform in Nigeria. Canadian Journal of African Studies > Vol. 27, No. 1 (1993), pp. 75</ref> Ciroma ya kasance sakataren NPN a taƙaice, sannan ya riƙe muƙamin ministan masana'antu, noma da kuɗi a lokuta daban-daban. A matsayinsa na babban minista a gwamnatin Shagari, ya taka rawar gani wajen aiwatar da ajandar shugaban kasa musamman a fannin samar da abinci da kuma hada kai da hukumomin kasa da kasa wajen bunkasa shirin bunkasa noma (ADP).<ref>Quentin Peel, "Shagari shuffles Cabinet", Financial Times, February 16, 1982.</ref> A watan Satumba na 1983, an nada shi shugaban kwamitin mika mulki na shugaban kasa, wanda ya kara nuna amincewar da shugaban kasar ke da shi kan iyawar sa. An wajabta wa kwamitin ne ya gabatar da shawarwari kan yadda za a sake fasalin gwamnatin tarayya da ke cikin mawuyacin hali.<ref>Quentin Peel, "President's party wins majority in Nigerian Assembly", Financial Times, September 6, 1983.</ref> == Aikin Jamhuriya ta Hudu == Ciroma dai ya kasance ɗan jam’iyyar PDP ne. Ya taɓa riƙe muƙamin ministar kuɗi a gwamnatin Olusegun Obasanjo daga shekarar 1999 zuwa 2003. A halin yanzu uwargidansa Maryam Ciroma ce ke riƙe da mukamin shugabar mata na jam'iyyar PDP ta ƙasa a Najeriya. == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{Stub}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ciroma, Adamu}} [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] [[Category:Gwamnonin Babban bankin Najeriya]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1934]] [[Category:Yan siyasar Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutane daga jihar Yobe]] ie16mg155vxqk87wude4tgdyeima9nd 826579 826577 2026-04-26T07:56:11Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Aikin jamhuriya ta biyu */ 826579 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Mallam Adamu Ciroma, IMF 62ph020927tl.jpg|thumb|Adamu Corona a wani taro yana kawo wasu muhimman abubuwa]] '''Adamu Ciroma''' (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga watan Nuwanba, shekara ta 1934, kuma ya mutu a ranar 5 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2018)<ref>{{Cite web |title=BREAKING: Ex-Minister of Finance, Adamu Ciroma, died at 84 |url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-ex-minister-of-finance-adamu-ciroma-died-at-84-259556.html |access-date=2019-04-05 |archive-date=2018-07-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180705180410/https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-ex-minister-of-finance-adamu-ciroma-died-at-84-259556.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya kasan ce [[dan Nijeriya|ɗan Nijeriya]] ɗan siyasa kuma Gwamnan [[Babban Bankin Nijeriya|Babban Bankin]] Nijeriya.An haife shi ne a birnin [[Potiskum|Pataskum]] dake [[Jihar Yobe]]<ref name=":0">Bolaji Adepegba, ''Adamu Ciroma, tested and trusted yet uncrowned'', Daily Independent Online, Nov 27, 2003 [http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/nov/27/0102.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304203442/http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/nov/27/0102.html|date=2016-03-04}}</ref>.<ref name=":1">Olajide Aluko. Nigeria and Britain after Gowon, African Affairs > Vol. 76, No. 304 (Jul., 1977), pp. 9</ref> Ya kasan ce memban Jam'iyyar [[Peoples Democratic Party|People's Democratic Party]] ne har yayi wafati bai sauya sheƙa ba daga (PDP). == Aikin jamhuriya ta biyu == A shekarar 1979, Ciroma yana ɗaya daga cikin masu neman takarar shugaban ƙasa na jam'iyyar NPN ta ƙasa da suka tsaya takara a zaɓen fidda gwani na shugaban jam'iyyar, <ref>Shehu Shagari. Beckoned To Serve. Heinemann Educational Books, Nigeria, 2001.pp214.</ref> wanda ake zaton gungun Mafiya Kaduna marasa fuska ne suka ɗauki nauyinsa, ƙungiyar da ake yaɗa jita-jita ta ƴan boko daga Arewa, hafsoshi da jami'ai da ma’aikatan da aka jibge a kewayen Kaduna.<ref>Shehu Othman, Classes, Crises and Coup: The Demise of Shagari's Regime, African Affairs > Vol. 83, No. 333 Oct., 1984. pp 447, 449  </ref> Ya zo na uku a zaɓen fidda gwani, bayan Shehu Shagari da Maitama Sule, wanda Hamza Rafindadi Zayyad shugaban kamfanin ci gaban New Nigeria ne ya ɗauki nauyin takararsa.<ref>William Reno. Old Brigades, Money Bags, New Breeds, and the Ironies of Reform in Nigeria. Canadian Journal of African Studies > Vol. 27, No. 1 (1993), pp. 75</ref> Ciroma ya kasance sakataren NPN a taƙaice, sannan ya riƙe muƙamin ministan masana'antu, noma da kuɗi a lokuta daban-daban. A matsayinsa na babban minista a gwamnatin Shagari, ya taka rawar gani wajen aiwatar da ajandar shugaban ƙasa musamman a fannin samar da abinci da kuma hada kai da hukumomin kasa da kasa wajen bunkasa shirin bunkasa noma (ADP).<ref>Quentin Peel, "Shagari shuffles Cabinet", Financial Times, February 16, 1982.</ref> A watan Satumba na 1983, an nada shi shugaban kwamitin mika mulki na shugaban kasa, wanda ya kara nuna amincewar da shugaban kasar ke da shi kan iyawar sa. An wajabta wa kwamitin ne ya gabatar da shawarwari kan yadda za a sake fasalin gwamnatin tarayya da ke cikin mawuyacin hali.<ref>Quentin Peel, "President's party wins majority in Nigerian Assembly", Financial Times, September 6, 1983.</ref> == Aikin Jamhuriya ta Hudu == Ciroma dai ya kasance ɗan jam’iyyar PDP ne. Ya taɓa riƙe muƙamin ministar kuɗi a gwamnatin Olusegun Obasanjo daga shekarar 1999 zuwa 2003. A halin yanzu uwargidansa Maryam Ciroma ce ke riƙe da mukamin shugabar mata na jam'iyyar PDP ta ƙasa a Najeriya. == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{Stub}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ciroma, Adamu}} [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] [[Category:Gwamnonin Babban bankin Najeriya]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1934]] [[Category:Yan siyasar Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutane daga jihar Yobe]] ssl30rwbcg3mmg7px8m83rdc3v3fkaz 826581 826579 2026-04-26T07:56:33Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Aikin jamhuriya ta biyu */ 826581 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Mallam Adamu Ciroma, IMF 62ph020927tl.jpg|thumb|Adamu Corona a wani taro yana kawo wasu muhimman abubuwa]] '''Adamu Ciroma''' (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga watan Nuwanba, shekara ta 1934, kuma ya mutu a ranar 5 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2018)<ref>{{Cite web |title=BREAKING: Ex-Minister of Finance, Adamu Ciroma, died at 84 |url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-ex-minister-of-finance-adamu-ciroma-died-at-84-259556.html |access-date=2019-04-05 |archive-date=2018-07-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180705180410/https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-ex-minister-of-finance-adamu-ciroma-died-at-84-259556.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya kasan ce [[dan Nijeriya|ɗan Nijeriya]] ɗan siyasa kuma Gwamnan [[Babban Bankin Nijeriya|Babban Bankin]] Nijeriya.An haife shi ne a birnin [[Potiskum|Pataskum]] dake [[Jihar Yobe]]<ref name=":0">Bolaji Adepegba, ''Adamu Ciroma, tested and trusted yet uncrowned'', Daily Independent Online, Nov 27, 2003 [http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/nov/27/0102.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304203442/http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/nov/27/0102.html|date=2016-03-04}}</ref>.<ref name=":1">Olajide Aluko. Nigeria and Britain after Gowon, African Affairs > Vol. 76, No. 304 (Jul., 1977), pp. 9</ref> Ya kasan ce memban Jam'iyyar [[Peoples Democratic Party|People's Democratic Party]] ne har yayi wafati bai sauya sheƙa ba daga (PDP). == Aikin jamhuriya ta biyu == A shekarar 1979, Ciroma yana ɗaya daga cikin masu neman takarar shugaban ƙasa na jam'iyyar NPN ta ƙasa da suka tsaya takara a zaɓen fidda gwani na shugaban jam'iyyar, <ref>Shehu Shagari. Beckoned To Serve. Heinemann Educational Books, Nigeria, 2001.pp214.</ref> wanda ake zaton gungun Mafiya Kaduna marasa fuska ne suka ɗauki nauyinsa, ƙungiyar da ake yaɗa jita-jita ta ƴan boko daga Arewa, hafsoshi da jami'ai da ma’aikatan da aka jibge a kewayen Kaduna.<ref>Shehu Othman, Classes, Crises and Coup: The Demise of Shagari's Regime, African Affairs > Vol. 83, No. 333 Oct., 1984. pp 447, 449  </ref> Ya zo na uku a zaɓen fidda gwani, bayan Shehu Shagari da Maitama Sule, wanda Hamza Rafindadi Zayyad shugaban kamfanin ci gaban New Nigeria ne ya ɗauki nauyin takararsa.<ref>William Reno. Old Brigades, Money Bags, New Breeds, and the Ironies of Reform in Nigeria. Canadian Journal of African Studies > Vol. 27, No. 1 (1993), pp. 75</ref> Ciroma ya kasance sakataren NPN a taƙaice, sannan ya riƙe muƙamin ministan masana'antu, noma da kuɗi a lokuta daban-daban. A matsayinsa na babban minista a gwamnatin Shagari, ya taka rawar gani wajen aiwatar da ajandar shugaban ƙasa musamman a fannin samar da abinci da kuma haɗa kai da hukumomin kasa da kasa wajen bunkasa shirin bunkasa noma (ADP).<ref>Quentin Peel, "Shagari shuffles Cabinet", Financial Times, February 16, 1982.</ref> A watan Satumba na 1983, an nada shi shugaban kwamitin mika mulki na shugaban kasa, wanda ya kara nuna amincewar da shugaban kasar ke da shi kan iyawar sa. An wajabta wa kwamitin ne ya gabatar da shawarwari kan yadda za a sake fasalin gwamnatin tarayya da ke cikin mawuyacin hali.<ref>Quentin Peel, "President's party wins majority in Nigerian Assembly", Financial Times, September 6, 1983.</ref> == Aikin Jamhuriya ta Hudu == Ciroma dai ya kasance ɗan jam’iyyar PDP ne. Ya taɓa riƙe muƙamin ministar kuɗi a gwamnatin Olusegun Obasanjo daga shekarar 1999 zuwa 2003. A halin yanzu uwargidansa Maryam Ciroma ce ke riƙe da mukamin shugabar mata na jam'iyyar PDP ta ƙasa a Najeriya. == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{Stub}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ciroma, Adamu}} [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] [[Category:Gwamnonin Babban bankin Najeriya]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1934]] [[Category:Yan siyasar Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutane daga jihar Yobe]] 5b4oqn0fiyp320pvl4aluuo4ch4s8nn 826585 826581 2026-04-26T07:57:07Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Aikin Jamhuriya ta Hudu */ 826585 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Mallam Adamu Ciroma, IMF 62ph020927tl.jpg|thumb|Adamu Corona a wani taro yana kawo wasu muhimman abubuwa]] '''Adamu Ciroma''' (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga watan Nuwanba, shekara ta 1934, kuma ya mutu a ranar 5 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2018)<ref>{{Cite web |title=BREAKING: Ex-Minister of Finance, Adamu Ciroma, died at 84 |url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-ex-minister-of-finance-adamu-ciroma-died-at-84-259556.html |access-date=2019-04-05 |archive-date=2018-07-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180705180410/https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-ex-minister-of-finance-adamu-ciroma-died-at-84-259556.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya kasan ce [[dan Nijeriya|ɗan Nijeriya]] ɗan siyasa kuma Gwamnan [[Babban Bankin Nijeriya|Babban Bankin]] Nijeriya.An haife shi ne a birnin [[Potiskum|Pataskum]] dake [[Jihar Yobe]]<ref name=":0">Bolaji Adepegba, ''Adamu Ciroma, tested and trusted yet uncrowned'', Daily Independent Online, Nov 27, 2003 [http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/nov/27/0102.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304203442/http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/nov/27/0102.html|date=2016-03-04}}</ref>.<ref name=":1">Olajide Aluko. Nigeria and Britain after Gowon, African Affairs > Vol. 76, No. 304 (Jul., 1977), pp. 9</ref> Ya kasan ce memban Jam'iyyar [[Peoples Democratic Party|People's Democratic Party]] ne har yayi wafati bai sauya sheƙa ba daga (PDP). == Aikin jamhuriya ta biyu == A shekarar 1979, Ciroma yana ɗaya daga cikin masu neman takarar shugaban ƙasa na jam'iyyar NPN ta ƙasa da suka tsaya takara a zaɓen fidda gwani na shugaban jam'iyyar, <ref>Shehu Shagari. Beckoned To Serve. Heinemann Educational Books, Nigeria, 2001.pp214.</ref> wanda ake zaton gungun Mafiya Kaduna marasa fuska ne suka ɗauki nauyinsa, ƙungiyar da ake yaɗa jita-jita ta ƴan boko daga Arewa, hafsoshi da jami'ai da ma’aikatan da aka jibge a kewayen Kaduna.<ref>Shehu Othman, Classes, Crises and Coup: The Demise of Shagari's Regime, African Affairs > Vol. 83, No. 333 Oct., 1984. pp 447, 449  </ref> Ya zo na uku a zaɓen fidda gwani, bayan Shehu Shagari da Maitama Sule, wanda Hamza Rafindadi Zayyad shugaban kamfanin ci gaban New Nigeria ne ya ɗauki nauyin takararsa.<ref>William Reno. Old Brigades, Money Bags, New Breeds, and the Ironies of Reform in Nigeria. Canadian Journal of African Studies > Vol. 27, No. 1 (1993), pp. 75</ref> Ciroma ya kasance sakataren NPN a taƙaice, sannan ya riƙe muƙamin ministan masana'antu, noma da kuɗi a lokuta daban-daban. A matsayinsa na babban minista a gwamnatin Shagari, ya taka rawar gani wajen aiwatar da ajandar shugaban ƙasa musamman a fannin samar da abinci da kuma haɗa kai da hukumomin ƙasa da kasa wajen bunƙasa shirin bunkasa noma (ADP).<ref>Quentin Peel, "Shagari shuffles Cabinet", Financial Times, February 16, 1982.</ref> A watan Satumba na 1983, an nada shi shugaban kwamitin mika mulki na shugaban kasa, wanda ya kara nuna amincewar da shugaban kasar ke da shi kan iyawar sa. An wajabta wa kwamitin ne ya gabatar da shawarwari kan yadda za a sake fasalin gwamnatin tarayya da ke cikin mawuyacin hali.<ref>Quentin Peel, "President's party wins majority in Nigerian Assembly", Financial Times, September 6, 1983.</ref> == Aikin Jamhuriya ta Hudu == Ciroma dai ya kasance ɗan jam’iyyar PDP ne. Ya taɓa riƙe muƙamin ministar kuɗi a gwamnatin Olusegun Obasanjo daga shekarar 1999 zuwa 2003. A halin yanzu uwargidansa Maryam Ciroma ce ke riƙe da mukamin shugabar mata na jam'iyyar PDP ta ƙasa a Najeriya. == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{Stub}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ciroma, Adamu}} [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] [[Category:Gwamnonin Babban bankin Najeriya]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1934]] [[Category:Yan siyasar Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutane daga jihar Yobe]] 4iomqio4gge5n98d7bo0gm38gqacbop 826588 826585 2026-04-26T07:57:39Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Aikin jamhuriya ta biyu */ 826588 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Mallam Adamu Ciroma, IMF 62ph020927tl.jpg|thumb|Adamu Corona a wani taro yana kawo wasu muhimman abubuwa]] '''Adamu Ciroma''' (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga watan Nuwanba, shekara ta 1934, kuma ya mutu a ranar 5 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2018)<ref>{{Cite web |title=BREAKING: Ex-Minister of Finance, Adamu Ciroma, died at 84 |url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-ex-minister-of-finance-adamu-ciroma-died-at-84-259556.html |access-date=2019-04-05 |archive-date=2018-07-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180705180410/https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-ex-minister-of-finance-adamu-ciroma-died-at-84-259556.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya kasan ce [[dan Nijeriya|ɗan Nijeriya]] ɗan siyasa kuma Gwamnan [[Babban Bankin Nijeriya|Babban Bankin]] Nijeriya.An haife shi ne a birnin [[Potiskum|Pataskum]] dake [[Jihar Yobe]]<ref name=":0">Bolaji Adepegba, ''Adamu Ciroma, tested and trusted yet uncrowned'', Daily Independent Online, Nov 27, 2003 [http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/nov/27/0102.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304203442/http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/nov/27/0102.html|date=2016-03-04}}</ref>.<ref name=":1">Olajide Aluko. Nigeria and Britain after Gowon, African Affairs > Vol. 76, No. 304 (Jul., 1977), pp. 9</ref> Ya kasan ce memban Jam'iyyar [[Peoples Democratic Party|People's Democratic Party]] ne har yayi wafati bai sauya sheƙa ba daga (PDP). == Aikin jamhuriya ta biyu == A shekarar 1979, Ciroma yana ɗaya daga cikin masu neman takarar shugaban ƙasa na jam'iyyar NPN ta ƙasa da suka tsaya takara a zaɓen fidda gwani na shugaban jam'iyyar, <ref>Shehu Shagari. Beckoned To Serve. Heinemann Educational Books, Nigeria, 2001.pp214.</ref> wanda ake zaton gungun Mafiya Kaduna marasa fuska ne suka ɗauki nauyinsa, ƙungiyar da ake yaɗa jita-jita ta ƴan boko daga Arewa, hafsoshi da jami'ai da ma’aikatan da aka jibge a kewayen Kaduna.<ref>Shehu Othman, Classes, Crises and Coup: The Demise of Shagari's Regime, African Affairs > Vol. 83, No. 333 Oct., 1984. pp 447, 449  </ref> Ya zo na uku a zaɓen fidda gwani, bayan Shehu Shagari da Maitama Sule, wanda Hamza Rafindadi Zayyad shugaban kamfanin ci gaban New Nigeria ne ya ɗauki nauyin takararsa.<ref>William Reno. Old Brigades, Money Bags, New Breeds, and the Ironies of Reform in Nigeria. Canadian Journal of African Studies > Vol. 27, No. 1 (1993), pp. 75</ref> Ciroma ya kasance sakataren NPN a taƙaice, sannan ya riƙe muƙamin ministan masana'antu, noma da kuɗi a lokuta daban-daban. A matsayinsa na babban minista a gwamnatin Shagari, ya taka rawar gani wajen aiwatar da ajandar shugaban ƙasa musamman a fannin samar da abinci da kuma haɗa kai da hukumomin ƙasa da kasa wajen bunƙasa shirin bunƙasa noma (ADP).<ref>Quentin Peel, "Shagari shuffles Cabinet", Financial Times, February 16, 1982.</ref> A watan Satumba na 1983, an nada shi shugaban kwamitin mika mulki na shugaban kasa, wanda ya kara nuna amincewar da shugaban kasar ke da shi kan iyawar sa. An wajabta wa kwamitin ne ya gabatar da shawarwari kan yadda za a sake fasalin gwamnatin tarayya da ke cikin mawuyacin hali.<ref>Quentin Peel, "President's party wins majority in Nigerian Assembly", Financial Times, September 6, 1983.</ref> == Aikin Jamhuriya ta Hudu == Ciroma dai ya kasance ɗan jam’iyyar PDP ne. Ya taɓa riƙe muƙamin ministar kuɗi a gwamnatin Olusegun Obasanjo daga shekarar 1999 zuwa 2003. A halin yanzu uwargidansa Maryam Ciroma ce ke riƙe da mukamin shugabar mata na jam'iyyar PDP ta ƙasa a Najeriya. == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{Stub}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ciroma, Adamu}} [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] [[Category:Gwamnonin Babban bankin Najeriya]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1934]] [[Category:Yan siyasar Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutane daga jihar Yobe]] k3rn5bumziwoiirdhz9vnhusfd4escx 826592 826588 2026-04-26T07:58:39Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Aikin jamhuriya ta biyu */ 826592 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Mallam Adamu Ciroma, IMF 62ph020927tl.jpg|thumb|Adamu Corona a wani taro yana kawo wasu muhimman abubuwa]] '''Adamu Ciroma''' (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga watan Nuwanba, shekara ta 1934, kuma ya mutu a ranar 5 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2018)<ref>{{Cite web |title=BREAKING: Ex-Minister of Finance, Adamu Ciroma, died at 84 |url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-ex-minister-of-finance-adamu-ciroma-died-at-84-259556.html |access-date=2019-04-05 |archive-date=2018-07-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180705180410/https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-ex-minister-of-finance-adamu-ciroma-died-at-84-259556.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya kasan ce [[dan Nijeriya|ɗan Nijeriya]] ɗan siyasa kuma Gwamnan [[Babban Bankin Nijeriya|Babban Bankin]] Nijeriya.An haife shi ne a birnin [[Potiskum|Pataskum]] dake [[Jihar Yobe]]<ref name=":0">Bolaji Adepegba, ''Adamu Ciroma, tested and trusted yet uncrowned'', Daily Independent Online, Nov 27, 2003 [http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/nov/27/0102.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304203442/http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/nov/27/0102.html|date=2016-03-04}}</ref>.<ref name=":1">Olajide Aluko. Nigeria and Britain after Gowon, African Affairs > Vol. 76, No. 304 (Jul., 1977), pp. 9</ref> Ya kasan ce memban Jam'iyyar [[Peoples Democratic Party|People's Democratic Party]] ne har yayi wafati bai sauya sheƙa ba daga (PDP). == Aikin jamhuriya ta biyu == A shekarar 1979, Ciroma yana ɗaya daga cikin masu neman takarar shugaban ƙasa na jam'iyyar NPN ta ƙasa da suka tsaya takara a zaɓen fidda gwani na shugaban jam'iyyar, <ref>Shehu Shagari. Beckoned To Serve. Heinemann Educational Books, Nigeria, 2001.pp214.</ref> wanda ake zaton gungun Mafiya Kaduna marasa fuska ne suka ɗauki nauyinsa, ƙungiyar da ake yaɗa jita-jita ta ƴan boko daga Arewa, hafsoshi da jami'ai da ma’aikatan da aka jibge a kewayen Kaduna.<ref>Shehu Othman, Classes, Crises and Coup: The Demise of Shagari's Regime, African Affairs > Vol. 83, No. 333 Oct., 1984. pp 447, 449  </ref> Ya zo na uku a zaɓen fidda gwani, bayan Shehu Shagari da Maitama Sule, wanda Hamza Rafindadi Zayyad shugaban kamfanin ci gaban New Nigeria ne ya ɗauki nauyin takararsa.<ref>William Reno. Old Brigades, Money Bags, New Breeds, and the Ironies of Reform in Nigeria. Canadian Journal of African Studies > Vol. 27, No. 1 (1993), pp. 75</ref> Ciroma ya kasance sakataren NPN a taƙaice, sannan ya riƙe muƙamin ministan masana'antu, noma da kuɗi a lokuta daban-daban. A matsayinsa na babban minista a gwamnatin Shagari, ya taka rawar gani wajen aiwatar da ajandar shugaban ƙasa musamman a fannin samar da abinci da kuma haɗa kai da hukumomin ƙasa da kasa wajen bunƙasa shirin bunƙasa noma (ADP).<ref>Quentin Peel, "Shagari shuffles Cabinet", Financial Times, February 16, 1982.</ref> A watan Satumba na 1983, an naɗa shi shugaban kwamitin mika mulki na shugaban kasa, wanda ya kara nuna amincewar da shugaban kasar ke da shi kan iyawar sa. An wajabta wa kwamitin ne ya gabatar da shawarwari kan yadda za a sake fasalin gwamnatin tarayya da ke cikin mawuyacin hali.<ref>Quentin Peel, "President's party wins majority in Nigerian Assembly", Financial Times, September 6, 1983.</ref> == Aikin Jamhuriya ta Hudu == Ciroma dai ya kasance ɗan jam’iyyar PDP ne. Ya taɓa riƙe muƙamin ministar kuɗi a gwamnatin Olusegun Obasanjo daga shekarar 1999 zuwa 2003. A halin yanzu uwargidansa Maryam Ciroma ce ke riƙe da mukamin shugabar mata na jam'iyyar PDP ta ƙasa a Najeriya. == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{Stub}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ciroma, Adamu}} [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] [[Category:Gwamnonin Babban bankin Najeriya]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1934]] [[Category:Yan siyasar Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutane daga jihar Yobe]] lrdfk59m5zbveatkkjkomqrvkvg7pn2 826594 826592 2026-04-26T07:58:56Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Aikin jamhuriya ta biyu */ 826594 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Mallam Adamu Ciroma, IMF 62ph020927tl.jpg|thumb|Adamu Corona a wani taro yana kawo wasu muhimman abubuwa]] '''Adamu Ciroma''' (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga watan Nuwanba, shekara ta 1934, kuma ya mutu a ranar 5 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2018)<ref>{{Cite web |title=BREAKING: Ex-Minister of Finance, Adamu Ciroma, died at 84 |url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-ex-minister-of-finance-adamu-ciroma-died-at-84-259556.html |access-date=2019-04-05 |archive-date=2018-07-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180705180410/https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-ex-minister-of-finance-adamu-ciroma-died-at-84-259556.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya kasan ce [[dan Nijeriya|ɗan Nijeriya]] ɗan siyasa kuma Gwamnan [[Babban Bankin Nijeriya|Babban Bankin]] Nijeriya.An haife shi ne a birnin [[Potiskum|Pataskum]] dake [[Jihar Yobe]]<ref name=":0">Bolaji Adepegba, ''Adamu Ciroma, tested and trusted yet uncrowned'', Daily Independent Online, Nov 27, 2003 [http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/nov/27/0102.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304203442/http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/nov/27/0102.html|date=2016-03-04}}</ref>.<ref name=":1">Olajide Aluko. Nigeria and Britain after Gowon, African Affairs > Vol. 76, No. 304 (Jul., 1977), pp. 9</ref> Ya kasan ce memban Jam'iyyar [[Peoples Democratic Party|People's Democratic Party]] ne har yayi wafati bai sauya sheƙa ba daga (PDP). == Aikin jamhuriya ta biyu == A shekarar 1979, Ciroma yana ɗaya daga cikin masu neman takarar shugaban ƙasa na jam'iyyar NPN ta ƙasa da suka tsaya takara a zaɓen fidda gwani na shugaban jam'iyyar, <ref>Shehu Shagari. Beckoned To Serve. Heinemann Educational Books, Nigeria, 2001.pp214.</ref> wanda ake zaton gungun Mafiya Kaduna marasa fuska ne suka ɗauki nauyinsa, ƙungiyar da ake yaɗa jita-jita ta ƴan boko daga Arewa, hafsoshi da jami'ai da ma’aikatan da aka jibge a kewayen Kaduna.<ref>Shehu Othman, Classes, Crises and Coup: The Demise of Shagari's Regime, African Affairs > Vol. 83, No. 333 Oct., 1984. pp 447, 449  </ref> Ya zo na uku a zaɓen fidda gwani, bayan Shehu Shagari da Maitama Sule, wanda Hamza Rafindadi Zayyad shugaban kamfanin ci gaban New Nigeria ne ya ɗauki nauyin takararsa.<ref>William Reno. Old Brigades, Money Bags, New Breeds, and the Ironies of Reform in Nigeria. Canadian Journal of African Studies > Vol. 27, No. 1 (1993), pp. 75</ref> Ciroma ya kasance sakataren NPN a taƙaice, sannan ya riƙe muƙamin ministan masana'antu, noma da kuɗi a lokuta daban-daban. A matsayinsa na babban minista a gwamnatin Shagari, ya taka rawar gani wajen aiwatar da ajandar shugaban ƙasa musamman a fannin samar da abinci da kuma haɗa kai da hukumomin ƙasa da kasa wajen bunƙasa shirin bunƙasa noma (ADP).<ref>Quentin Peel, "Shagari shuffles Cabinet", Financial Times, February 16, 1982.</ref> A watan Satumba na 1983, an naɗa shi shugaban kwamitin miƙa mulki na shugaban kasa, wanda ya kara nuna amincewar da shugaban kasar ke da shi kan iyawar sa. An wajabta wa kwamitin ne ya gabatar da shawarwari kan yadda za a sake fasalin gwamnatin tarayya da ke cikin mawuyacin hali.<ref>Quentin Peel, "President's party wins majority in Nigerian Assembly", Financial Times, September 6, 1983.</ref> == Aikin Jamhuriya ta Hudu == Ciroma dai ya kasance ɗan jam’iyyar PDP ne. Ya taɓa riƙe muƙamin ministar kuɗi a gwamnatin Olusegun Obasanjo daga shekarar 1999 zuwa 2003. A halin yanzu uwargidansa Maryam Ciroma ce ke riƙe da mukamin shugabar mata na jam'iyyar PDP ta ƙasa a Najeriya. == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{Stub}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ciroma, Adamu}} [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] [[Category:Gwamnonin Babban bankin Najeriya]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1934]] [[Category:Yan siyasar Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutane daga jihar Yobe]] ae1cdxrrxocroj3b5wpwb28rlotpn3a 826597 826594 2026-04-26T07:59:19Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Aikin jamhuriya ta biyu */ 826597 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Mallam Adamu Ciroma, IMF 62ph020927tl.jpg|thumb|Adamu Corona a wani taro yana kawo wasu muhimman abubuwa]] '''Adamu Ciroma''' (an haife shi a ranar 20 ga watan Nuwanba, shekara ta 1934, kuma ya mutu a ranar 5 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2018)<ref>{{Cite web |title=BREAKING: Ex-Minister of Finance, Adamu Ciroma, died at 84 |url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-ex-minister-of-finance-adamu-ciroma-died-at-84-259556.html |access-date=2019-04-05 |archive-date=2018-07-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180705180410/https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/breaking-ex-minister-of-finance-adamu-ciroma-died-at-84-259556.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya kasan ce [[dan Nijeriya|ɗan Nijeriya]] ɗan siyasa kuma Gwamnan [[Babban Bankin Nijeriya|Babban Bankin]] Nijeriya.An haife shi ne a birnin [[Potiskum|Pataskum]] dake [[Jihar Yobe]]<ref name=":0">Bolaji Adepegba, ''Adamu Ciroma, tested and trusted yet uncrowned'', Daily Independent Online, Nov 27, 2003 [http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/nov/27/0102.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304203442/http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/nov/27/0102.html|date=2016-03-04}}</ref>.<ref name=":1">Olajide Aluko. Nigeria and Britain after Gowon, African Affairs > Vol. 76, No. 304 (Jul., 1977), pp. 9</ref> Ya kasan ce memban Jam'iyyar [[Peoples Democratic Party|People's Democratic Party]] ne har yayi wafati bai sauya sheƙa ba daga (PDP). == Aikin jamhuriya ta biyu == A shekarar 1979, Ciroma yana ɗaya daga cikin masu neman takarar shugaban ƙasa na jam'iyyar NPN ta ƙasa da suka tsaya takara a zaɓen fidda gwani na shugaban jam'iyyar, <ref>Shehu Shagari. Beckoned To Serve. Heinemann Educational Books, Nigeria, 2001.pp214.</ref> wanda ake zaton gungun Mafiya Kaduna marasa fuska ne suka ɗauki nauyinsa, ƙungiyar da ake yaɗa jita-jita ta ƴan boko daga Arewa, hafsoshi da jami'ai da ma’aikatan da aka jibge a kewayen Kaduna.<ref>Shehu Othman, Classes, Crises and Coup: The Demise of Shagari's Regime, African Affairs > Vol. 83, No. 333 Oct., 1984. pp 447, 449  </ref> Ya zo na uku a zaɓen fidda gwani, bayan Shehu Shagari da Maitama Sule, wanda Hamza Rafindadi Zayyad shugaban kamfanin ci gaban New Nigeria ne ya ɗauki nauyin takararsa.<ref>William Reno. Old Brigades, Money Bags, New Breeds, and the Ironies of Reform in Nigeria. Canadian Journal of African Studies > Vol. 27, No. 1 (1993), pp. 75</ref> Ciroma ya kasance sakataren NPN a taƙaice, sannan ya riƙe muƙamin ministan masana'antu, noma da kuɗi a lokuta daban-daban. A matsayinsa na babban minista a gwamnatin Shagari, ya taka rawar gani wajen aiwatar da ajandar shugaban ƙasa musamman a fannin samar da abinci da kuma haɗa kai da hukumomin ƙasa da kasa wajen bunƙasa shirin bunƙasa noma (ADP).<ref>Quentin Peel, "Shagari shuffles Cabinet", Financial Times, February 16, 1982.</ref> A watan Satumba na 1983, an naɗa shi shugaban kwamitin miƙa mulki na shugaban ƙasa, wanda ya kara nuna amincewar da shugaban kasar ke da shi kan iyawar sa. An wajabta wa kwamitin ne ya gabatar da shawarwari kan yadda za a sake fasalin gwamnatin tarayya da ke cikin mawuyacin hali.<ref>Quentin Peel, "President's party wins majority in Nigerian Assembly", Financial Times, September 6, 1983.</ref> == Aikin Jamhuriya ta Hudu == Ciroma dai ya kasance ɗan jam’iyyar PDP ne. Ya taɓa riƙe muƙamin ministar kuɗi a gwamnatin Olusegun Obasanjo daga shekarar 1999 zuwa 2003. A halin yanzu uwargidansa Maryam Ciroma ce ke riƙe da mukamin shugabar mata na jam'iyyar PDP ta ƙasa a Najeriya. == Manazarta == {{reflist}} {{Stub}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ciroma, Adamu}} [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] [[Category:Gwamnonin Babban bankin Najeriya]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1934]] [[Category:Yan siyasar Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutane daga jihar Yobe]] l1ir8v0gpp1wxgnpxv55mztshn3txlf 0 11014 826448 820769 2026-04-26T07:16:08Z Lamba6334 25787 826448 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Mai Mala Buni. An haife shi''' ran 19 ga watan Nuwamba, shekara ta alif ɗari tara da sittin da bakwai 1967) Miladiyya. (A.D) ya kasance ɗaya ne daga cikin manya kuma jiga-jigan ƴan siyasar Najeriya. An haife shi a Buni Yadi dake karamar hukumar Gujiba, a Jihar [[Jihar Yobe|Yobe]], [[Najeriya]].<ref>Vanguard News. (2019, May 29). ''Mai Mala Buni Sworn In as Yobe State Governor''. Retrieved from https://www.vanguardngr.com</ref><ref>https://www.premiumtimesng.com</ref> A halin yanzu shi ne zaɓaɓɓen Gwamnan [[Jihar Yobe]] mai ci kuma shine shugaban riƙo na babban kwamatin riƙon ƙasa na jam'iyyar APC dake shugabancin Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/mai-mala-buni-is-yobe-gov-elect/|title=Mai Mala Buni is Yobe gov-elect|date=2019-03-11|website=The Nation Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/03/guber-poll-apcs-buni-in-early-lead-in-yobe/|title=Guber Poll: APC’s Buni in early lead in Yobe|date=2019-03-10|website=The NEWS|language=en-US}}</ref> Kafin zaben Gwamnan jihar Yobe, shine sakataren Jam'iyyar All Progressives Party (A.P.C) na ƙasa. ==Siyasa== An zabi Mala Buni gwamna ne a babban zaben Najeriya na shekarar 2019 a watan febairu, ƙarƙashin jam'iyya mai mulki [[All Progressives Congress]] (APC).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://saharareporters.com/2018/10/01/apcs-national-secretary-mala-buni-wins-yobe-governorship-ticket|title=APC's National Secretary Mala Buni Wins Yobe Governorship Ticket|last=admin|date=2018-10-01|website=Sahara Reporters}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://dailypost.ng/2019/03/11/yobe-guber-election-govenror-elect-buni-reacts-victory-warns-gossip-rumor-merchants/|title=Yobe guber election: Governor-elect, Buni reacts to victory, warns gossip, rumor merchants|last=Usman|first=Shehu|date=2019-03-11|website=Daily Post Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref> gabanin zaɓensa gwamna Mai Mala Buni shi ne Shugaban riƙo na jam'iyyar [[All Progressives Congress]] a yanzu bayan tsige tsohon shugaban jam'iyyar [[Adam Oshiomole]]. ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Buni, Mai Mala}} [[Category:Gwamnonin jihar Yobe]] b4i3cupi9kns16xkuorvoz2xm5en0e9 826449 826448 2026-04-26T07:16:30Z Lamba6334 25787 826449 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Mai Mala Buni. An haife shi''' ran 19 ga watan Nuwamba, shekara ta alif ɗari tara da sittin da bakwai (1967) Miladiyya. (A.D) ya kasance ɗaya ne daga cikin manya kuma jiga-jigan ƴan siyasar Najeriya. An haife shi a Buni Yadi dake karamar hukumar Gujiba, a Jihar [[Jihar Yobe|Yobe]], [[Najeriya]].<ref>Vanguard News. (2019, May 29). ''Mai Mala Buni Sworn In as Yobe State Governor''. Retrieved from https://www.vanguardngr.com</ref><ref>https://www.premiumtimesng.com</ref> A halin yanzu shi ne zaɓaɓɓen Gwamnan [[Jihar Yobe]] mai ci kuma shine shugaban riƙo na babban kwamatin riƙon ƙasa na jam'iyyar APC dake shugabancin Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/mai-mala-buni-is-yobe-gov-elect/|title=Mai Mala Buni is Yobe gov-elect|date=2019-03-11|website=The Nation Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/03/guber-poll-apcs-buni-in-early-lead-in-yobe/|title=Guber Poll: APC’s Buni in early lead in Yobe|date=2019-03-10|website=The NEWS|language=en-US}}</ref> Kafin zaben Gwamnan jihar Yobe, shine sakataren Jam'iyyar All Progressives Party (A.P.C) na ƙasa. ==Siyasa== An zabi Mala Buni gwamna ne a babban zaben Najeriya na shekarar 2019 a watan febairu, ƙarƙashin jam'iyya mai mulki [[All Progressives Congress]] (APC).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://saharareporters.com/2018/10/01/apcs-national-secretary-mala-buni-wins-yobe-governorship-ticket|title=APC's National Secretary Mala Buni Wins Yobe Governorship Ticket|last=admin|date=2018-10-01|website=Sahara Reporters}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://dailypost.ng/2019/03/11/yobe-guber-election-govenror-elect-buni-reacts-victory-warns-gossip-rumor-merchants/|title=Yobe guber election: Governor-elect, Buni reacts to victory, warns gossip, rumor merchants|last=Usman|first=Shehu|date=2019-03-11|website=Daily Post Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref> gabanin zaɓensa gwamna Mai Mala Buni shi ne Shugaban riƙo na jam'iyyar [[All Progressives Congress]] a yanzu bayan tsige tsohon shugaban jam'iyyar [[Adam Oshiomole]]. ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Buni, Mai Mala}} [[Category:Gwamnonin jihar Yobe]] bafnjukgnb5b9lhbbkewfag7p60yggo 826450 826449 2026-04-26T07:17:11Z Lamba6334 25787 826450 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Mai Mala Buni. An haife shi''' ran 19 ga watan Nuwamba, shekara ta alif ɗari tara da sittin da bakwai (1967) Miladiyya. (A.D) ya kasance ɗaya ne daga cikin manya kuma jiga-jigan ƴan siyasar Najeriya. An haife shi a Buni Yadi dake ƙaramar hukumar Gujiba, a Jihar [[Jihar Yobe|Yobe]], [[Najeriya]].<ref>Vanguard News. (2019, May 29). ''Mai Mala Buni Sworn In as Yobe State Governor''. Retrieved from https://www.vanguardngr.com</ref><ref>https://www.premiumtimesng.com</ref> A halin yanzu shi ne zaɓaɓɓen Gwamnan [[Jihar Yobe]] mai ci kuma shine shugaban riƙo na babban kwamatin riƙon ƙasa na jam'iyyar APC dake shugabancin Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/mai-mala-buni-is-yobe-gov-elect/|title=Mai Mala Buni is Yobe gov-elect|date=2019-03-11|website=The Nation Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/03/guber-poll-apcs-buni-in-early-lead-in-yobe/|title=Guber Poll: APC’s Buni in early lead in Yobe|date=2019-03-10|website=The NEWS|language=en-US}}</ref> Kafin zaben Gwamnan jihar Yobe, shine sakataren Jam'iyyar All Progressives Party (A.P.C) na ƙasa. ==Siyasa== An zabi Mala Buni gwamna ne a babban zaben Najeriya na shekarar 2019 a watan febairu, ƙarƙashin jam'iyya mai mulki [[All Progressives Congress]] (APC).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://saharareporters.com/2018/10/01/apcs-national-secretary-mala-buni-wins-yobe-governorship-ticket|title=APC's National Secretary Mala Buni Wins Yobe Governorship Ticket|last=admin|date=2018-10-01|website=Sahara Reporters}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://dailypost.ng/2019/03/11/yobe-guber-election-govenror-elect-buni-reacts-victory-warns-gossip-rumor-merchants/|title=Yobe guber election: Governor-elect, Buni reacts to victory, warns gossip, rumor merchants|last=Usman|first=Shehu|date=2019-03-11|website=Daily Post Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref> gabanin zaɓensa gwamna Mai Mala Buni shi ne Shugaban riƙo na jam'iyyar [[All Progressives Congress]] a yanzu bayan tsige tsohon shugaban jam'iyyar [[Adam Oshiomole]]. ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Buni, Mai Mala}} [[Category:Gwamnonin jihar Yobe]] 37uawjjp0rng41j2dvb108clg9mha1u 826451 826450 2026-04-26T07:18:10Z Lamba6334 25787 826451 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Mai Mala Buni. An haife shi''' ran 19 ga watan Nuwamba, shekara ta alif ɗari tara da sittin da bakwai (1967) Miladiyya. (A.D) ya kasance ɗaya ne daga cikin manya kuma jiga-jigan ƴan siyasar Najeriya. An haife shi a Buni Yadi dake ƙaramar hukumar Gujiba, a Jihar [[Jihar Yobe|Yobe]], [[Najeriya]].<ref>Vanguard News. (2019, May 29). ''Mai Mala Buni Sworn In as Yobe State Governor''. Retrieved from https://www.vanguardngr.com</ref><ref>https://www.premiumtimesng.com</ref> A halin yanzu shi ne zaɓaɓɓen Gwamnan [[Jihar Yobe]] mai ci kuma shine shugaban riƙo na babban kwamatin riƙon ƙasa na jam'iyyar APC dake shugabancin Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/mai-mala-buni-is-yobe-gov-elect/|title=Mai Mala Buni is Yobe gov-elect|date=2019-03-11|website=The Nation Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/03/guber-poll-apcs-buni-in-early-lead-in-yobe/|title=Guber Poll: APC’s Buni in early lead in Yobe|date=2019-03-10|website=The NEWS|language=en-US}}</ref> Kafin zaɓen Gwamnan jihar Yobe, shine sakataren Jam'iyyar All Progressives Party (A.P.C) na ƙasa. ==Siyasa== An zabi Mala Buni gwamna ne a babban zaben Najeriya na shekarar 2019 a watan febairu, ƙarƙashin jam'iyya mai mulki [[All Progressives Congress]] (APC).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://saharareporters.com/2018/10/01/apcs-national-secretary-mala-buni-wins-yobe-governorship-ticket|title=APC's National Secretary Mala Buni Wins Yobe Governorship Ticket|last=admin|date=2018-10-01|website=Sahara Reporters}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://dailypost.ng/2019/03/11/yobe-guber-election-govenror-elect-buni-reacts-victory-warns-gossip-rumor-merchants/|title=Yobe guber election: Governor-elect, Buni reacts to victory, warns gossip, rumor merchants|last=Usman|first=Shehu|date=2019-03-11|website=Daily Post Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref> gabanin zaɓensa gwamna Mai Mala Buni shi ne Shugaban riƙo na jam'iyyar [[All Progressives Congress]] a yanzu bayan tsige tsohon shugaban jam'iyyar [[Adam Oshiomole]]. ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Buni, Mai Mala}} [[Category:Gwamnonin jihar Yobe]] g51524tkiv2u88gqqy0ug7a73du5d34 826452 826451 2026-04-26T07:18:32Z Lamba6334 25787 826452 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Mai Mala Buni. An haife shi''' ran 19 ga watan Nuwamba, shekara ta alif ɗari tara da sittin da bakwai (1967) Miladiyya. (A.D) ya kasance ɗaya ne daga cikin manya kuma jiga-jigan ƴan siyasar Najeriya. An haife shi a Buni Yadi dake ƙaramar hukumar Gujiba, a Jihar [[Jihar Yobe|Yobe]], [[Najeriya]].<ref>Vanguard News. (2019, May 29). ''Mai Mala Buni Sworn In as Yobe State Governor''. Retrieved from https://www.vanguardngr.com</ref><ref>https://www.premiumtimesng.com</ref> A halin yanzu shi ne zaɓaɓɓen Gwamnan [[Jihar Yobe]] mai ci kuma shine shugaban riƙo na babban kwamatin riƙon ƙasa na jam'iyyar APC dake shugabancin Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/mai-mala-buni-is-yobe-gov-elect/|title=Mai Mala Buni is Yobe gov-elect|date=2019-03-11|website=The Nation Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/03/guber-poll-apcs-buni-in-early-lead-in-yobe/|title=Guber Poll: APC’s Buni in early lead in Yobe|date=2019-03-10|website=The NEWS|language=en-US}}</ref> Kafin zaɓen Gwamnan jihar Yobe, shine sakataren Jam'iyyar All Progressives Party (APC) na ƙasa. ==Siyasa== An zabi Mala Buni gwamna ne a babban zaben Najeriya na shekarar 2019 a watan febairu, ƙarƙashin jam'iyya mai mulki [[All Progressives Congress]] (APC).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://saharareporters.com/2018/10/01/apcs-national-secretary-mala-buni-wins-yobe-governorship-ticket|title=APC's National Secretary Mala Buni Wins Yobe Governorship Ticket|last=admin|date=2018-10-01|website=Sahara Reporters}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://dailypost.ng/2019/03/11/yobe-guber-election-govenror-elect-buni-reacts-victory-warns-gossip-rumor-merchants/|title=Yobe guber election: Governor-elect, Buni reacts to victory, warns gossip, rumor merchants|last=Usman|first=Shehu|date=2019-03-11|website=Daily Post Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref> gabanin zaɓensa gwamna Mai Mala Buni shi ne Shugaban riƙo na jam'iyyar [[All Progressives Congress]] a yanzu bayan tsige tsohon shugaban jam'iyyar [[Adam Oshiomole]]. ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Buni, Mai Mala}} [[Category:Gwamnonin jihar Yobe]] 4or1q9o10kgnjjrmsbrjkmcgbwcf55v 826453 826452 2026-04-26T07:18:53Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Siyasa */ 826453 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Mai Mala Buni. An haife shi''' ran 19 ga watan Nuwamba, shekara ta alif ɗari tara da sittin da bakwai (1967) Miladiyya. (A.D) ya kasance ɗaya ne daga cikin manya kuma jiga-jigan ƴan siyasar Najeriya. An haife shi a Buni Yadi dake ƙaramar hukumar Gujiba, a Jihar [[Jihar Yobe|Yobe]], [[Najeriya]].<ref>Vanguard News. (2019, May 29). ''Mai Mala Buni Sworn In as Yobe State Governor''. Retrieved from https://www.vanguardngr.com</ref><ref>https://www.premiumtimesng.com</ref> A halin yanzu shi ne zaɓaɓɓen Gwamnan [[Jihar Yobe]] mai ci kuma shine shugaban riƙo na babban kwamatin riƙon ƙasa na jam'iyyar APC dake shugabancin Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/mai-mala-buni-is-yobe-gov-elect/|title=Mai Mala Buni is Yobe gov-elect|date=2019-03-11|website=The Nation Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/03/guber-poll-apcs-buni-in-early-lead-in-yobe/|title=Guber Poll: APC’s Buni in early lead in Yobe|date=2019-03-10|website=The NEWS|language=en-US}}</ref> Kafin zaɓen Gwamnan jihar Yobe, shine sakataren Jam'iyyar All Progressives Party (APC) na ƙasa. ==Siyasa== An zaɓi Mala Buni gwamna ne a babban zaben Najeriya na shekarar 2019 a watan febairu, ƙarƙashin jam'iyya mai mulki [[All Progressives Congress]] (APC).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://saharareporters.com/2018/10/01/apcs-national-secretary-mala-buni-wins-yobe-governorship-ticket|title=APC's National Secretary Mala Buni Wins Yobe Governorship Ticket|last=admin|date=2018-10-01|website=Sahara Reporters}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://dailypost.ng/2019/03/11/yobe-guber-election-govenror-elect-buni-reacts-victory-warns-gossip-rumor-merchants/|title=Yobe guber election: Governor-elect, Buni reacts to victory, warns gossip, rumor merchants|last=Usman|first=Shehu|date=2019-03-11|website=Daily Post Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref> gabanin zaɓensa gwamna Mai Mala Buni shi ne Shugaban riƙo na jam'iyyar [[All Progressives Congress]] a yanzu bayan tsige tsohon shugaban jam'iyyar [[Adam Oshiomole]]. ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Buni, Mai Mala}} [[Category:Gwamnonin jihar Yobe]] q678bwqqzn5kwyma40o42bodghb2pe5 826454 826453 2026-04-26T07:19:15Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Siyasa */ 826454 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Mai Mala Buni. An haife shi''' ran 19 ga watan Nuwamba, shekara ta alif ɗari tara da sittin da bakwai (1967) Miladiyya. (A.D) ya kasance ɗaya ne daga cikin manya kuma jiga-jigan ƴan siyasar Najeriya. An haife shi a Buni Yadi dake ƙaramar hukumar Gujiba, a Jihar [[Jihar Yobe|Yobe]], [[Najeriya]].<ref>Vanguard News. (2019, May 29). ''Mai Mala Buni Sworn In as Yobe State Governor''. Retrieved from https://www.vanguardngr.com</ref><ref>https://www.premiumtimesng.com</ref> A halin yanzu shi ne zaɓaɓɓen Gwamnan [[Jihar Yobe]] mai ci kuma shine shugaban riƙo na babban kwamatin riƙon ƙasa na jam'iyyar APC dake shugabancin Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/mai-mala-buni-is-yobe-gov-elect/|title=Mai Mala Buni is Yobe gov-elect|date=2019-03-11|website=The Nation Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/03/guber-poll-apcs-buni-in-early-lead-in-yobe/|title=Guber Poll: APC’s Buni in early lead in Yobe|date=2019-03-10|website=The NEWS|language=en-US}}</ref> Kafin zaɓen Gwamnan jihar Yobe, shine sakataren Jam'iyyar All Progressives Party (APC) na ƙasa. ==Siyasa== An zaɓi Mala Buni gwamna ne a babban zaɓen Najeriya na shekarar 2019 a watan febairu, ƙarƙashin jam'iyya mai mulki [[All Progressives Congress]] (APC).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://saharareporters.com/2018/10/01/apcs-national-secretary-mala-buni-wins-yobe-governorship-ticket|title=APC's National Secretary Mala Buni Wins Yobe Governorship Ticket|last=admin|date=2018-10-01|website=Sahara Reporters}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://dailypost.ng/2019/03/11/yobe-guber-election-govenror-elect-buni-reacts-victory-warns-gossip-rumor-merchants/|title=Yobe guber election: Governor-elect, Buni reacts to victory, warns gossip, rumor merchants|last=Usman|first=Shehu|date=2019-03-11|website=Daily Post Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref> gabanin zaɓensa gwamna Mai Mala Buni shi ne Shugaban riƙo na jam'iyyar [[All Progressives Congress]] a yanzu bayan tsige tsohon shugaban jam'iyyar [[Adam Oshiomole]]. ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Buni, Mai Mala}} [[Category:Gwamnonin jihar Yobe]] 0pbz2a74k6ibjq2yw3uowepewcuyf5g 826455 826454 2026-04-26T07:20:15Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Siyasa */ 826455 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Mai Mala Buni. An haife shi''' ran 19 ga watan Nuwamba, shekara ta alif ɗari tara da sittin da bakwai (1967) Miladiyya. (A.D) ya kasance ɗaya ne daga cikin manya kuma jiga-jigan ƴan siyasar Najeriya. An haife shi a Buni Yadi dake ƙaramar hukumar Gujiba, a Jihar [[Jihar Yobe|Yobe]], [[Najeriya]].<ref>Vanguard News. (2019, May 29). ''Mai Mala Buni Sworn In as Yobe State Governor''. Retrieved from https://www.vanguardngr.com</ref><ref>https://www.premiumtimesng.com</ref> A halin yanzu shi ne zaɓaɓɓen Gwamnan [[Jihar Yobe]] mai ci kuma shine shugaban riƙo na babban kwamatin riƙon ƙasa na jam'iyyar APC dake shugabancin Najeriya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/mai-mala-buni-is-yobe-gov-elect/|title=Mai Mala Buni is Yobe gov-elect|date=2019-03-11|website=The Nation Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2019/03/guber-poll-apcs-buni-in-early-lead-in-yobe/|title=Guber Poll: APC’s Buni in early lead in Yobe|date=2019-03-10|website=The NEWS|language=en-US}}</ref> Kafin zaɓen Gwamnan jihar Yobe, shine sakataren Jam'iyyar All Progressives Party (APC) na ƙasa. ==Siyasa== An zaɓi Mala Buni gwamna ne a babban zaɓen Najeriya na shekarar 2019 a watan febairu, ƙarƙashin jam'iyya mai mulki [[All Progressives Congress]] (APC).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://saharareporters.com/2018/10/01/apcs-national-secretary-mala-buni-wins-yobe-governorship-ticket|title=APC's National Secretary Mala Buni Wins Yobe Governorship Ticket|last=admin|date=2018-10-01|website=Sahara Reporters}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://dailypost.ng/2019/03/11/yobe-guber-election-govenror-elect-buni-reacts-victory-warns-gossip-rumor-merchants/|title=Yobe guber election: Governor-elect, Buni reacts to victory, warns gossip, rumor merchants|last=Usman|first=Shehu|date=2019-03-11|website=Daily Post Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref> gabanin zaɓensa gwamna Mai Mala Buni shi ne Shugaban riƙo na jam'iyyar [[All Progressives Congress]] a yanzu bayan tsige tsohon shugaban jam’iyyar [[Adam Oshiomole]]. ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Buni, Mai Mala}} [[Category:Gwamnonin jihar Yobe]] 8taiqt4f5u9cvm0476hujs11ezom4o9 0 11604 826427 639457 2026-04-26T06:20:13Z Nura Bello 24854 /* Zamantakewa */ 826427 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} ==Zamantakewa== [[File:Family Ransome Kuti c1940.jpg|thumb|Zamtakewa]] '''Zamantakewa,''' na nufin tarayyan [[ɗan Adam]] tsakaninsa da [[mutane]], ƴan uwansa da abokansa, daga lokacin da yake cikin ƙuruciyar sa har zuwa girmansa. Zamantakewa na farawa ne daga kuruciyan yara ko suzama mai jin magana ko kuma mara jin magana, Sannan ya shiga samartaka har zuwa dattijantakansa , Alaƙan mutum da sauran ƴan uwanshi ne ke nuna cikakkiyar ɗabi'ar mutum yayin da yake ma'amalantar mutane ta hanyoyin magana da aiki. ==Wayewa== [[File:Demonstrant proti homosexualite.jpg|thumb|wayayyu]] Kalmar '''wayewa'''<ref>https://kamus.com.ng/hausa/display.php?action=show&word=wayewa</ref> ta samo asali ne daga kalmar “Wayau” akan cewa mutane wayayyu ne kaɗai idan ya iya shiga cikin al’umma daban-daban masu banbancin halayya, ɗabi’u da kuma al’ada, ya shiga cikinsu ya zauna lafiya, kuma suka ji daɗin zama da shi Ma’ana yanada ɗabi'ar da zai iya tafiyar da su a bi sa tunaninsu da hangen nesan su. Akan cewa mutum wayeyye idan ya iya sarrafa duk wani abunda da yazo gaba gareshi ko kuma haduwa da mutane maban bantun ƙabilu ko yare. Misali mutum ya zauna cikin [[hausawa]], da yarbawa, da inyamurai, kuma alhali a cikinsu akwai mugaye da nagari da macuta da 'yan iska da masu hali mai kyau, yana a matsayin ɗan kasuwa, batare da ɗaya daga cikinsu ya iya cutar da shi ba ko shi ya cuce su. Kuma yana mai kyautata mu’amalarshi dasu, kuma suma suna masu kyautata mu’amalar su da shi. Wannan shi ake cema Zamantakewa ko wayewa, ko ace ma mutum ya waye. Mutum yana zama wayeyye ne ta hanyar saukin fahimtar sa da kuma yawan adadin mutane ko wuraren da ya taba mu'amalanta ko shiga<ref><nowiki>https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayewa</nowiki></ref> ==Rukunnan wayewa. == *[[File:Santorin (GR), Fira -- 2017 -- 2598.jpg|thumb|Zama waje daya domin tattauna mahimman abubuwa ko wani abunda ke damun su]]Mu’amala tattausar: zamantakewa na wayewa na buƙatar tattausar mu’amala tsakaninka da kowa yayin cuɗanya dasu, amman kada ya kasance mutum yayi sanyi da yawa ta yanda kowa zai raina shi. Idan kana mu’amala karinga tattausawa, in aka tsananta maka na farko ka maida tattausan mu’amala har sai in an tsananta ne sai ka nuna tsayuwan dakan ka, domin kar a raina ka ko kuma a cuce ka. *Magana mai daɗi: Zamantakewa ta wayewa na buƙatar yin Magana mai taushi da daɗin ji a gurin kowa. In kana ma [[mutane]] Magana mai dkyau zasu dinga son mu’amala da kai domin sunsan cewa zasu ji daɗi a yayin Magana da kai kuma baza su ji haushi ko baƙin ciki ba. Idan mutum ya iya Magana da mu’amala mai kyau to iya wannan ma kaɗai ya wadatar da shi a zamantakewa. A ƙaurace ma yawan zagi da batsa, domin hakan ba wayewa ba ne kuma yana jawo zubewar mutunci. *Sutura mai rufe tsiraici da tsafta: Zamantakewa ta wayewa na buƙatar sanya kaya masu kyau, ba lallai sai suna da tsada ba, indai suna da tsafta to ya wadatar in kuma akwai hali a iya a siya masu tsadan, amman almubazzaranci da kuɗi koda kaya ba wayewa bane illa rashinta. Sannan a ringa ƙaurace ma yawan sa kayan da suka tsufa, domin hakan na kawo raini da ƙasƙanci, *Ilimi na Zamantakewa da na addini :zamantakewa ta wayewa na bukatar ilimi mai dunbin yawa na Zamantakewa dana boko dana addini. Idan mutum ya samu ilimi to yana kaiwa makura a fannnin wayewa, ta yanda baza’a a iya taba shi ba ta kowane fuska *Nuna soyayya da boye kiyayya *Yawan tunani da nazari ==Akasin wayewa== [[File:My village market.jpg|thumb|Yadda akasha wahala a baya kenan saboda rashin wayewa a duniya kafin zuwan yanzun]] Akasin wayewa na nufin [[Ƙauyanci]] ko [[gidadanci]] ko [[Iskanci|tumasanci]] Mutum yakan rasa wayewa ne idan bai iya zama da wasu mutane wanda bana yankinshi ba, ko ba al’adarsu ɗaya ba, ko ba ɗabi’ar su ɗaya ba, ko [[Addini]]. Kowanne Yare, addini, jinsin mutane, masu ilimi da mara sa ilimi na ganin cewa sun waye a cikin zuƙatan su da maganarsu da suturarsu da halayyarsu. Kuma haka al’amarin yake. amman inda matsalar take shine, a cikin dukkan jinsin mutanen da muka irga akwai wayayyu sannan kuma akwai gidadawa. *Misali akan wayayyu daga kowanne jinsi. *Bahaushe dan boko”:- Idan dan boko ya iya shiga mai kyau na ƙananan kaya, kuma ya iya Magana da mu’amala da waɗanda ba ƴan boko ba, Kaman misalin almajirai (ba masu bara ba) ɗalibai a musulunci da sauran jinsin mutanen gari. Ya mu’amalance su ma’amala mai kyau a fannin Magana da ɗabi’a To za’a ce masa ya waye kenan. Amman idan yayi tunanin cewa yan boko ne kaɗai suka waye, saboda haka bazai yi mu’amala da wasu ba sai yan boko to bai waye ba a cikin al’umma. *Ustazu ɗan islamiyya” Idan ustazu ya iya shiga mai kyau na manyan kaya, kuma ya iya Magana da mu’amala da wadanda ba ustazai ba, Kaman misalin Yan boko da sauran jinsin mutanen gari. Ya ma’amalance su mu’amala mai kyau a fannin Magana da dabi’a, to za’a ce masa yawaye kenan. Amman idan yayi tunanin cewa ustazai yan uwansa ne kadai suka iya Magana kuma suke da hali mai kyau, saboda haka bazai iya mu’amala da wasu ba sai ustazai to bai waye ba a cikin al’umma. ==Abin lura== Duk wanda yayi tunanin cewa jinsin da yake sha’awa ne kaɗai suka waye to bai waye ba. Sannan iskanci ko bariki ba wayewa ba ne, ana kiranta da “Rashin wayewa” misali:- Karuwai da mashaya da yan-daba na wannnan zamanin sun ƙara halaka a cikin gidadanci ta hanyar tunanin cewa indai baka mu’amala da mata a fannin zina ko shaye-shaye, ko karinga nuna cewa kai mai ƙarfi ne indai hakan kayi ba to baka waye ba kwata-kwata. In suka zo cikin waɗanda basa aikata irin abinda suke aikatawa, sai su kasa zama dasu har su ce musu basu waye ba, suna kallan yan boko, da ustazai, da ma’aurata, da yan son zaman lafiya gidadawa. Alhali har yau babu wata ƙasa a duniya da aka taɓa samun karuwai ko mashaya ko yan daba wanda suka zama shahararrun mutunen arziƙi ba. Hasali ma sun manta da cewa karuwanci da iskanci da dabanci duk akan sune ake saka doka a sassan duniya domin kawar da su. == Manazarta == t654cjv8024xm2j8wx4mwmv3b4ya7p0 0 12398 826429 448713 2026-04-26T06:28:34Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826429 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Durburwa''' (''Eragrostis gangetica'') [[shuka]] ce.<ref>Blench, Roger (2007). ''[http://www.rogerblench.info/Ethnoscience/Plants/General/Hausa%20plant%20names.pdf Hausa names for trees and plants] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210721120659/http://www.rogerblench.info/Ethnoscience/Plants/General/Hausa%20plant%20names.pdf |date=2021-07-21 }}''. Cambridge: Kay Williamson Educational Foundation.</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Shuka]] lsa5hmtvp044g3ixijig09w95gy0ebi 0 12653 826324 476890 2026-04-25T18:34:11Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826324 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Various types of potatoes for sale.jpg|200px|right|thumbnail|Dankali daban-daban na saidawa a kasuwa]] [[File:Solanum tuberosum 004.JPG|200px|right|thumbnail|File:Solanum tuberosum]] [[Fayil:Potatoes.jpg|thumb|dankalin turawa]] '''Dankalin turawa''' (''dànkálìn tùùrààwáá''; [[Turanci]]: '''potato''') (''Solanum tuberosum'') [[shuka]] ne.<ref>Blench, Roger (2007). ''[http://www.rogerblench.info/Ethnoscience/Plants/General/Hausa%20plant%20names.pdf Hausa names for trees and plants] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210721120659/http://www.rogerblench.info/Ethnoscience/Plants/General/Hausa%20plant%20names.pdf |date=2021-07-21 }}''. Cambridge: Kay Williamson Educational Foundation.</ref> [[File:Solanum tuberosum.JPG|200px|right|thumbnail|Solanum tuberosum]] ==Duba kuma== *[[Dankali]] *[[Sakata]] *[[Tumuƙu]] *[[Tumuƙun biri]] *[[Rogo]] ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} {{Stub}} [[Category:Shuka]] [[Category:Abinci]] doylmweas4clwgc4a7v3zqrv57r0ytt 0 12671 826301 563083 2026-04-25T17:51:36Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826301 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Desmodium velutinum W IMG 3127.jpg|thumb|Dangere]] [[File:Desmodium velutinum W IMG 3129.jpg|thumb]] [[File:Desmodium velutinum W IMG 3128.jpg|thumb|Dangere]] [[Fayil:Setaria verticillata RF.jpg|thumb|Ganye]] '''Dangere''' (''dángèrèè'') (''Setaria verticillata'') [[shuka]] ne.<ref>Blench, Roger (2007). ''[http://www.rogerblench.info/Ethnoscience/Plants/General/Hausa%20plant%20names.pdf Hausa names for trees and plants] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210721120659/http://www.rogerblench.info/Ethnoscience/Plants/General/Hausa%20plant%20names.pdf |date=2021-07-21 }}''. Cambridge: Kay Williamson Educational Foundation.</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Shuka]] anlxksybk4egimw7egroy5p8vk1rrp3 0 12672 826342 289585 2026-04-25T20:44:35Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826342 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dawo''' (''Tetrapleura tetraptera'') [[shuka]] ne.<ref>Blench, Roger (2007). ''[http://www.rogerblench.info/Ethnoscience/Plants/General/Hausa%20plant%20names.pdf Hausa names for trees and plants] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210721120659/http://www.rogerblench.info/Ethnoscience/Plants/General/Hausa%20plant%20names.pdf |date=2021-07-21 }}''. Cambridge: Kay Williamson Educational Foundation.</ref> [[File:Tetrapleura tetraptera MHNT.BOT.2017.10.22.jpg|200px|right|thumbnail|Ƴaƴan Dawo]] ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Shuka]] srzxqsy2a5ywdpspto0bxfta7jf4yn9 0 12674 826414 476886 2026-04-26T05:37:20Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826414 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Own yam.jpg|thumb|hoton doya]] [[File:Tom yam kung 1.jpg|thumb|faten doyar kudu]] [[Fayil:Doya da miya da kwai 02.jpg|thumb|Doya da miya da kwai]] '''Doyar kudu''' (''dóóyàr̃ kúdù'') (''Dioscorea cayennensis'') [[shuka]] ne.<ref>Blench, Roger (2007). ''[http://www.rogerblench.info/Ethnoscience/Plants/General/Hausa%20plant%20names.pdf Hausa names for trees and plants] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210721120659/http://www.rogerblench.info/Ethnoscience/Plants/General/Hausa%20plant%20names.pdf |date=2021-07-21 }}''. Cambridge: Kay Williamson Educational Foundation.</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Shuka]] klsgo4zkv0qgbwipei72qillulvdfjm 0 12676 826254 290358 2026-04-25T14:15:54Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826254 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Corawa''' (''cóòráwà''; ja'mi: '''ɗorayi''', ''ɗóòràyíí'') (''Parkia biglobosa'') [[itace]] ne.<ref>Blench, Roger (2007). ''[http://www.rogerblench.info/Ethnoscience/Plants/General/Hausa%20plant%20names.pdf Hausa names for trees and plants] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210721120659/http://www.rogerblench.info/Ethnoscience/Plants/General/Hausa%20plant%20names.pdf |date=2021-07-21 }}''. Cambridge: Kay Williamson Educational Foundation.</ref> [[File:Parkia_biglobosa_Soumbala.JPG|200px|right|thumbnail|Ƴayan Corawa]] ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Bishiya]] 2nrubhe3kw8n37bqn0tywtqsd7fx9tr 0 12683 826426 289581 2026-04-26T06:11:25Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826426 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Duman rafi''' (''dúmán rààfìì'') (''Ipomoea asarifolia'') [[shuka]] ne.<ref>Blench, Roger (2007). ''[http://www.rogerblench.info/Ethnoscience/Plants/General/Hausa%20plant%20names.pdf Hausa names for trees and plants] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210721120659/http://www.rogerblench.info/Ethnoscience/Plants/General/Hausa%20plant%20names.pdf |date=2021-07-21 }}''. Cambridge: Kay Williamson Educational Foundation.</ref> [[File:Ipomoea asarifolia Roem. ^ Schult. - Flickr - Alex Popovkin, Bahia, Brazil (1).jpg|200px|right|thumbnail|Duman rafi]] ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Shuka]] hwzbe4xe8skjzq15piud6gw3773vvmm 0 14110 826413 823976 2026-04-26T05:35:11Z Nura Bello 24854 826413 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Sosthene_Moguenara_(GER)_2013.jpg |thumb| Sosthene Moguenara an haifeta ne a birnin Sarh]] [[File:Mappa_diocesi_Sarh.png |thumb|Taswirar kasar Chadi na nuna birnin a launin ruwan ɗorawa]] [[File:Serhs15.7669.jpg|thumb]] '''Sarh''' (lafazi: /sar/ ; tsohon suna n daga lokacin mulkin mallaka na [[Faransa]] zuwa shekarar 1972 : '''Fort-Archambault''', lafazi: /for-ashambo/) birni ne, da ke a ƙasar [[Cadi]]. Shi ne babban birnin yankin Moyen-Chari. Sarh yana da yawan jama'a 103,296, bisa ga jimillar 2012. An gina birnin Sarh kafin karni na sha tara bayan haihuwar Annabi Issa. [[File:Fort Archambault-1924.jpg|200px|right|thumbnail|Fort Archambault-1924]] {{DEFAULTSORT:Sarh}} [[Category:Biranen Cadi]] 7c3l9u6cba3tp5bokdvijwetl5027zi 0 18343 826421 534244 2026-04-26T06:00:05Z Nura Bello 24854 826421 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Manx Society - Manx Miscellanies, Vol I.djvu|thumb|Man Seyr]] '''Man Seyr''' ( Persian , kuma Romanized kamar '''Man S̱eyr''' ; wanda kuma aka fi sani da '''Manīzh''', '''Man Sar''', '''Mensar''', '''Monīr''', da kuma '''Munnīr''' ) wani ƙauye ne a cikin Gundumar Mosharrahat, a cikin Gundumar Tsakiya ta Gundumar Ahvaz, Lardin Khuzestan, [[Iran]] . A ƙidayar shekara ta 2006, garin nada yawan jama'a kimanin mutane kimanin mutane (38), a cikin iyalai 8. {{Stub}} {{Stub}} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Garuruwa]] [[Category:Garuruwan Ahvaz]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] bpuvpztqepmbqyfxraaoeqbmhn8zjl0 0 19686 826433 564016 2026-04-26T06:56:05Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826433 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Dutsen Kura''' gari ne dake a Ƙaramar hukumar [[Kafur]] ta [[Katsina|Jihar Katsina]] Najeriya.<ref>https://www.citydir.org/NG/Katsina/Kafur/Dutsen-Kura/Cities/Dutsin-Kura/{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>https://www.mindat.org/feature-9411178.html</ref><ref>http://nigeria.places-in-the-world.com/9411178-region2-dutsen-kura.html{{Dead link|date=September 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://hfr-testing.health.gov.ng/facilities/hospitals-list?page=820 |access-date=2021-04-14 |archive-date=2021-04-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414134009/https://hfr-testing.health.gov.ng/facilities/hospitals-list?page=820 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Dutsen Kura gari ne na shahararren ɗan jaridar nan na sashen Hausa na DW dake a ƙasar [[Jamus]] wato Zaharaddin Umar Dutsen-kura. Kuma gari ne na Alhaji Khalil Bako, tsohon sakataren dindindin a ma'aikatar ƙananan hukumomi da masarautu ta jihar katsina sannan shi ne dagacin garin na Dutsen-kura baya ga haka ya riƙe Kwamishina na dindindin a ma'aikatar samarda aiyuka ta [[jihar Katsina]]. ===Sannanu Mutane=== Alhaji Halilu Bako. ===Hotunan Dutsen Kura=== [[File:Fada construction.jpg|thumb|Dutsen Kura village head Palace]] [[File:Fadar HakiminDutsen kura.jpg|thumb|District head Palace Dutsen Kura.]] ==Anguwanni== #Unguwar Tsamiya #Gidan Kawo #Unguwar Madaki #Unguwar Diyami # Unguwar Baro # <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://dclhausa.com/tag/zaharaddeen-umar-dutsen-kura/ |access-date=2021-04-14 |archive-date=2021-04-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414134008/https://dclhausa.com/tag/zaharaddeen-umar-dutsen-kura/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://audioboom.com/Babanfadila2016 |access-date=2021-04-14 |archive-date=2021-04-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414134007/https://audioboom.com/Babanfadila2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} rigrlehq7ze7a5xgfed9sfw9n2trpgf 4 21908 826364 826095 2026-04-25T21:27:37Z AmmarBot 13973 Sabunta shafin sabbin editoci 826364 wikitext text/x-wiki Wannan shafin ya na ƙunshe da sabbin editocin da sukayi rajista a Hausa Wikipedia. Robot yana sabunta wannan shafin duk bayan wasu sa'o'i. Kada ku gyara wannan shafin, duk chanjin da akayi, robot zaya yi overwriting din shi a lokacin sabunta shafin. {| class="wikitable sortable" !Numba !Edita !Gudummuwa !Lokacin rajista |- |1 |[[User:Abubakaraigrm|Abubakaraigrm]] |[[Special:Contributions/Abubakaraigrm|Gudummuwa]] |Talata, 21 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |2 |[[User:Dajusha|Dajusha]] |[[Special:Contributions/Dajusha|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 22 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |3 |[[User:SSingh (WMF)|SSingh (WMF)]] |[[Special:Contributions/SSingh (WMF)|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 22 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |4 |[[User:I putu Wahyu Netar|I putu Wahyu Netar]] |[[Special:Contributions/I putu Wahyu Netar|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 22 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |5 |[[User:Cosal|Cosal]] |[[Special:Contributions/Cosal|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 22 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |6 |[[User:Postmpls|Postmpls]] |[[Special:Contributions/Postmpls|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 22 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |7 |[[User:Audu Waya|Audu Waya]] |[[Special:Contributions/Audu Waya|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 22 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |8 |[[User:Garba TL|Garba TL]] |[[Special:Contributions/Garba TL|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 22 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |9 |[[User:Nasiru Dada|Nasiru Dada]] |[[Special:Contributions/Nasiru Dada|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 22 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |10 |[[User:Lukman Dalha|Lukman Dalha]] |[[Special:Contributions/Lukman Dalha|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 22 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |11 |[[User:Silverstein|Silverstein]] |[[Special:Contributions/Silverstein|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 22 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |12 |[[User:Lucivarius|Lucivarius]] |[[Special:Contributions/Lucivarius|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 22 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |13 |[[User:Genesis shan|Genesis shan]] |[[Special:Contributions/Genesis shan|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 22 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |14 |[[User:Turtle03thegreycat|Turtle03thegreycat]] |[[Special:Contributions/Turtle03thegreycat|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 22 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |15 |[[User:Ummulkhair Shehu|Ummulkhair Shehu]] |[[Special:Contributions/Ummulkhair Shehu|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 22 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |16 |[[User:IlPoncio|IlPoncio]] |[[Special:Contributions/IlPoncio|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 22 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |17 |[[User:Stinglehammer|Stinglehammer]] |[[Special:Contributions/Stinglehammer|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 22 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |18 |[[User:Young Sigma Male|Young Sigma Male]] |[[Special:Contributions/Young Sigma Male|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 22 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |19 |[[User:Ahmad D Malan|Ahmad D Malan]] |[[Special:Contributions/Ahmad D Malan|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 22 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |20 |[[User:Maiō T.|Maiō T.]] |[[Special:Contributions/Maiō T.|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 22 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |21 |[[User:Wiki User 555555|Wiki User 555555]] |[[Special:Contributions/Wiki User 555555|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 22 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |22 |[[User:Wikimaribarre|Wikimaribarre]] |[[Special:Contributions/Wikimaribarre|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 22 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |23 |[[User:Mohd Farmna Owaisi|Mohd Farmna Owaisi]] |[[Special:Contributions/Mohd Farmna Owaisi|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 22 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |24 |[[User:Nataliia1908|Nataliia1908]] |[[Special:Contributions/Nataliia1908|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 22 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |25 |[[User:Oneneeh chinwi|Oneneeh chinwi]] |[[Special:Contributions/Oneneeh chinwi|Gudummuwa]] |Laraba, 22 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |26 |[[User:Badutsalamunfan|Badutsalamunfan]] |[[Special:Contributions/Badutsalamunfan|Gudummuwa]] |Alhamis, 23 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |27 |[[User:Perimeander|Perimeander]] |[[Special:Contributions/Perimeander|Gudummuwa]] |Alhamis, 23 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |28 |[[User:Ketsudekaeru|Ketsudekaeru]] |[[Special:Contributions/Ketsudekaeru|Gudummuwa]] |Alhamis, 23 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |29 |[[User:Zerbod|Zerbod]] |[[Special:Contributions/Zerbod|Gudummuwa]] |Alhamis, 23 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |30 |[[User:Mammysou17|Mammysou17]] |[[Special:Contributions/Mammysou17|Gudummuwa]] |Alhamis, 23 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |31 |[[User:The Knowledge Pirate|The Knowledge Pirate]] |[[Special:Contributions/The Knowledge Pirate|Gudummuwa]] |Alhamis, 23 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |32 |[[User:Ayankhan 5555|Ayankhan 5555]] |[[Special:Contributions/Ayankhan 5555|Gudummuwa]] |Alhamis, 23 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |33 |[[User:Alhajijikano|Alhajijikano]] |[[Special:Contributions/Alhajijikano|Gudummuwa]] |Alhamis, 23 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |34 |[[User:Turkeylil|Turkeylil]] |[[Special:Contributions/Turkeylil|Gudummuwa]] |Alhamis, 23 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |35 |[[User:NIGERIANHouseR.C.C.GViaDepretis11AL|NIGERIANHouseR.C.C.GViaDepretis11AL]] |[[Special:Contributions/NIGERIANHouseR.C.C.GViaDepretis11AL|Gudummuwa]] |Alhamis, 23 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |36 |[[User:Ichigonokonoha|Ichigonokonoha]] |[[Special:Contributions/Ichigonokonoha|Gudummuwa]] |Alhamis, 23 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |37 |[[User:Banananaise|Banananaise]] |[[Special:Contributions/Banananaise|Gudummuwa]] |Alhamis, 23 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |38 |[[User:MPIMPIMHENE|MPIMPIMHENE]] |[[Special:Contributions/MPIMPIMHENE|Gudummuwa]] |Alhamis, 23 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |39 |[[User:SraithPictiúr|SraithPictiúr]] |[[Special:Contributions/SraithPictiúr|Gudummuwa]] |Alhamis, 23 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |40 |[[User:Hebele|Hebele]] |[[Special:Contributions/Hebele|Gudummuwa]] |Alhamis, 23 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |41 |[[User:Benjamin1995a|Benjamin1995a]] |[[Special:Contributions/Benjamin1995a|Gudummuwa]] |Alhamis, 23 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |42 |[[User:Ellentino1825|Ellentino1825]] |[[Special:Contributions/Ellentino1825|Gudummuwa]] |Alhamis, 23 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |43 |[[User:Danishmark|Danishmark]] |[[Special:Contributions/Danishmark|Gudummuwa]] |Alhamis, 23 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |44 |[[User:AbdulConsole|AbdulConsole]] |[[Special:Contributions/AbdulConsole|Gudummuwa]] |Alhamis, 23 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |45 |[[User:Yirba|Yirba]] |[[Special:Contributions/Yirba|Gudummuwa]] |Alhamis, 23 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |46 |[[User:Lothengrun de Spigel|Lothengrun de Spigel]] |[[Special:Contributions/Lothengrun de Spigel|Gudummuwa]] |Alhamis, 23 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |47 |[[User:Vikiugurtr|Vikiugurtr]] |[[Special:Contributions/Vikiugurtr|Gudummuwa]] |Alhamis, 23 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |48 |[[User:Gidagadegidageda-o|Gidagadegidageda-o]] |[[Special:Contributions/Gidagadegidageda-o|Gudummuwa]] |Alhamis, 23 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |49 |[[User:Wildwolfattack|Wildwolfattack]] |[[Special:Contributions/Wildwolfattack|Gudummuwa]] |Alhamis, 23 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |50 |[[User:Annoying Anonymous8999|Annoying Anonymous8999]] |[[Special:Contributions/Annoying Anonymous8999|Gudummuwa]] |Alhamis, 23 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |51 |[[User:Szazal|Szazal]] |[[Special:Contributions/Szazal|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 24 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |52 |[[User:Geegawd|Geegawd]] |[[Special:Contributions/Geegawd|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 24 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |53 |[[User:PHILA19147|PHILA19147]] |[[Special:Contributions/PHILA19147|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 24 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |54 |[[User:Maris Dreshmanis|Maris Dreshmanis]] |[[Special:Contributions/Maris Dreshmanis|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 24 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |55 |[[User:Supersauron123|Supersauron123]] |[[Special:Contributions/Supersauron123|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 24 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |56 |[[User:Sakhwthssain3|Sakhwthssain3]] |[[Special:Contributions/Sakhwthssain3|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 24 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |57 |[[User:Kqol|Kqol]] |[[Special:Contributions/Kqol|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 24 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |58 |[[User:Gibletsss|Gibletsss]] |[[Special:Contributions/Gibletsss|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 24 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |59 |[[User:Romiori|Romiori]] |[[Special:Contributions/Romiori|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 24 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |60 |[[User:Aramatth|Aramatth]] |[[Special:Contributions/Aramatth|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 24 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |61 |[[User:Riggwelter|Riggwelter]] |[[Special:Contributions/Riggwelter|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 24 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |62 |[[User:Memu92|Memu92]] |[[Special:Contributions/Memu92|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 24 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |63 |[[User:Dx120c|Dx120c]] |[[Special:Contributions/Dx120c|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 24 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |64 |[[User:Edwardplantaganetlongshanks|Edwardplantaganetlongshanks]] |[[Special:Contributions/Edwardplantaganetlongshanks|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 24 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |65 |[[User:Benutzernameauahgelapsoi|Benutzernameauahgelapsoi]] |[[Special:Contributions/Benutzernameauahgelapsoi|Gudummuwa]] |Jumma'a, 24 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |66 |[[User:Pelph Hoters|Pelph Hoters]] |[[Special:Contributions/Pelph Hoters|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 25 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |67 |[[User:Susanna Gharibyan|Susanna Gharibyan]] |[[Special:Contributions/Susanna Gharibyan|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 25 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |68 |[[User:Vaxtang.Yeganyan.2000|Vaxtang.Yeganyan.2000]] |[[Special:Contributions/Vaxtang.Yeganyan.2000|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 25 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |69 |[[User:Dvills|Dvills]] |[[Special:Contributions/Dvills|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 25 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |70 |[[User:Siryj Lys|Siryj Lys]] |[[Special:Contributions/Siryj Lys|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 25 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |71 |[[User:Mpia86|Mpia86]] |[[Special:Contributions/Mpia86|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 25 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |72 |[[User:Darwesh Sayyed Ali|Darwesh Sayyed Ali]] |[[Special:Contributions/Darwesh Sayyed Ali|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 25 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |73 |[[User:MohammedT10|MohammedT10]] |[[Special:Contributions/MohammedT10|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 25 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |74 |[[User:DenusMArchuk773|DenusMArchuk773]] |[[Special:Contributions/DenusMArchuk773|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 25 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |75 |[[User:Animalchorus|Animalchorus]] |[[Special:Contributions/Animalchorus|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 25 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |76 |[[User:Ronith99|Ronith99]] |[[Special:Contributions/Ronith99|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 25 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |77 |[[User:Rymedon|Rymedon]] |[[Special:Contributions/Rymedon|Gudummuwa]] |Asabar, 25 ga Afrilu 2026 |- |} lwvw0i1nzo4oluayrbv6kgolq0oc304 0 22024 826275 824508 2026-04-25T16:51:24Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826275 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Dam din Weija''' [[madatsar ruwa]] ce a kan [[Kogin Densu]] wanda ke tallafawa babban masana'antar tsabtace ruwa don [[Accra]]. Kamfanin Ruwa na Ghana ne ke sarrafa shi. Dam din yana samar da kusan kashi 80 cikin 100 na ruwan sha ga dukan birnin Accra da kewayenta.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ofori |first=Amoani |title=NADMO - Weija Dam Spillage Ongoing ... Nadmo Success Story |url=http://www.nadmo.gov.gh/index.php/archives/5-main-article/main-article/124-weija-dam-spillage-is-ongoing-nadmo-success-story |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150525182751/http://www.nadmo.gov.gh/index.php/archives/5-main-article/main-article/124-weija-dam-spillage-is-ongoing-nadmo-success-story |archive-date=2015-05-25 |access-date=2015-05-25 |website=www.nadmo.gov.gh}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |first= |title=Ghana News - Spillage of Weija dam causes 'severe' flooding at Glefe, Opetekwei |url=http://www.myjoyonline.com/news/2014/June-10th/spillage-of-weija-dam-causes-severe-flooding-at-glefe-opetekwei.php |access-date=2015-05-25 |website=www.myjoyonline.com |archive-date=2015-05-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150525182517/http://www.myjoyonline.com/news/2014/June-10th/spillage-of-weija-dam-causes-severe-flooding-at-glefe-opetekwei.php |url-status=dead }}</ref> An fara gina shi a shekara ta 1974 kuma an kammala shi a shekara de 1978 ta hanyar Messrs Tahi, Kamfanin Italiya.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Awuku-Apaw |first=Joshua |date=2011-12-15 |title=THE WEIJA DAM OBITUARY |url=https://www.modernghana.com/news/367257/the-weija-dam-obituary.html |access-date=2023-05-03 |website=www.modernghana.com}}</ref> == Rashin ruwa == A watan Yunin 2014, an zubar da ruwa daga madatsar ruwan da ta haifar da ambaliyar ruwa a yankin Glefe. Wadanda abin ya shafa sun yi iƙirarin cewa ambaliyar ta kasance ne sakamakon Majalisar Al'ada ta Bortianor ta ki hawan kogin da ya gudana cikin teku har sai bikin Homowo ya ƙare.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nyabor |first=Jonas |date=2014-06-10 |title=Weija dam spillage floods Glefe |url=https://citifmonline.com/2014/06/weija-dam-spillage-floods-glefe/ |access-date=2023-05-03 |website=Citi 97.3 FM - Relevant Radio. Always |language=en-US }}{{Dead link|date=November 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A watan Maris na shekara ta 2017 Kamfanin Ruwa na Ghana ya fara zubar da ruwa daga madatsar ruwan don hana ruwan da ke ciki ya wuce iyakar iyakarsa. Wannan ya zama dole saboda lokacin ruwan sama. Wannan ya haifar da ambaliyar ruwa a yankunan Tetegu da Oblogo.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Weija Dam spillage floods communities |url=https://www.businessghana.com/site/news/general/147937/%20Weija%20Dam%20spillage%20floods%20communities%20%20%20%20%20 |access-date=2023-05-03 |website=BusinessGhana}}</ref> A watan Maris na shekara ta 2021 an bude ƙofofin saboda hauhawar ruwa na 1.9 feet a cikin sa'o'i 24. Wannan ya kara matakin ruwa daga ƙafa 46.2 zuwa ƙafa 48.1 wanda ya kasance ƙafa 1.1 sama da matakin aiki mai aminci wanda yake ƙafa 47. Wannan ya zama dole don karewa daga haɗarin rushewar madatsar ruwan.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nti |first=Kwaku |date=2021-03-30 |title=GWCL opens three gates of Weija-Dam to allow spillage |url=https://angelonline.com.gh/2021/03/30/gwcl-opens-three-gates-of-weija-dam-to-allow-spillage/ |access-date=2023-05-03 |website=Angel Online |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2022, an zubar da madatsar ruwan sau biyu. Wannan ya faru ne saboda ruwan sama. Matsayin ruwa lokacin da aka buɗe ƙofofin madatsar ruwan a farkon watan ya kasance ƙafa 49.5 da ƙafa 47.9 lokacin da aka zubo shi daga baya.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Boakye |first=Edna Agnes |date=2022-10-27 |title=GWCL spills excess water from Weija Dam; residents asked to relocate |url=https://citinewsroom.com/2022/10/gwcl-spills-excess-water-from-weija-dam-residents-asked-to-relocate/ |access-date=2023-05-03 |website=Citinewsroom - Comprehensive News in Ghana |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Weija dam spillage causes flooding downstream |url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/weija-dam-spillage-causes-flooding-downstream.html |access-date=2023-05-03 |website=Graphic Online |language=en-gb}}</ref> ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} eaj7bixlkm98d8aceqbi3zvtyb6zezg 0 22508 826392 574170 2026-04-26T04:22:38Z Mhizabdoul 42167 826392 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Musa Yar'Adua''' wani shugaba ne kuma dan siyasa a Najeriya wanda ya rike mukamin Ministan Harkokin [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] a lokacin Jamhuriya ta Farko ta Najeriya. Yar'Adua ya kasance minista ne a lokacin da aka ayyana Lagos Island da babban birni a matsayin birnin Lagos a shekarar 1963. Shine mahaifin [[Umaru Musa Yar'Adua|Umaru Musa Yarkas]], shugaban kasan Najeriya na 13, da kuma [[Shehu Musa Yar'Adua|Shehu Musa Yar'adua]], Shugaban Ma’aikatan gwamnatin mulkin soja ta [[Olusegun Obasanjo|Obasanjo.]]<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|title=Ministry of Lagos Affairs|last=Ezechukwu|first=G.O.|date=December 21, 1963|work=Morning Post}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite news|url=https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/alhaji-musa-yaradua-mp/|title=YAR’ADUA, Alh Musa|date=4 November 2016|work=Biographical Legacy and Research Foundation}}</ref> Lokacin da yake rayuwa, Yar'Adua da aka gudanar da Masarautu lakabi na ''Tafidan Katsina'' kafin ya aka ɗagagge zuwa cewa na ''Matawalle'' na [[Katsina (birni)|Katsina]], wanda mahaifinsa Mallam Umaru sau ɗaya da aka gudanar. == Rayuwa == [[File:Shehu Musa Yar'adua Center 07.jpg|thumb|Kakin Musa Yar'adua]] Yar'Adua an haife shi ne a shekara ta 1912 ga Malama Binta, [[Fulani|bafulatana]] daga [[Sullubawa|dangin Sullubawa]] wacce ta kasance gimbiya gidan [[Katsina (birni)|masarautar Katsina]] kuma 'yar uwar Sarki [[Muhammadu Dikko]] . Mahaifinsa shi ne Umaru Mutawallin Katsina, wani basarake wanda lakabinsa ya sanya shi mai kula da masarautar masarautai. Yayi karatun sa a [[Kwalejin Barewa|Kwalejin Katsina]] tsakanin Shekara ta 1928 zuwa shekara ta 1930 kuma ya fara aikin koyarwa a makarantar Middle ta Katsina. Ya kasance malami na tsawon shekaru goma sha hudu kafin canja wurin ayyuka zuwa ativean asalin kasar katsina. A shekara ta 1953, ya maye gurbin [[Isa Kaita]] a matsayin sakataren ci gaba na Hukumar Native kuma bayan shekaru biyu, ya shiga Isa Kaita a siyasar Katsina da [[Arewacin Najeriya]] . A shekara ta 1959, Yar'adua ya wakilci Katsina ta Tsakiya a majalisa kuma aka zabe shi a matsayin Ministan Horarwa da Najeriyar kafin ya koma sabuwar Ma'aikatar Harkokin Legas.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://wikileaks.org/plusd/cables/07ABUJA869_a.html|title=President-Elect Yar'adua: Bio Information|date=2007|publisher=Nigeria Abuja}}</ref> == Harkokin Legas == A shekarun da suka gabata kafin Najeriya ta sami 'yencin kai a shekara ta 1960 da kuma a jamhuriya ta farko (1960 - 1966), yanayin babban birni na zahiri, zamantakewar jama'a da tattalin arziki sun sami ci gaba cikin sauri. Ma’aikatar ‘Yar’adua ta hada gwiwa da majalisar birni ta Legas da kuma hukumar bunkasa zartarwa don gudanar da ci gaba tare da babban birnin. Ma'aikatar ta shiga cikin bayar da haya ga wasu ofisoshin kasashen waje da ke da sha'awar kafa ofisoshin jakadanci ko ofisoshin jakadanci a Najeriya kuma ta yi aiki tare da tawagar Majalisar finkin Duniya da ke tsara biranen gari wadanda suka hada da Otto Koenigsberger, Charles Abrams, da Maurice Shapiro don bunkasa abubuwan jin dadi da na jama'a. [[File:Shehu Musa Yar'Adua Centre 02.jpg|thumb|Musa Yar'Adua a jikin hoto]] Lokacin da aka yanke jamhuriya ta farko, 'Yar'aduwa ya koma Katsina. A lokacin jamhuriya ta biyu ya kasance mai hade da jam'iyyar National Party of Nigeria mai ra'ayin yan mazan jiya. == Manazarta == [[Category:yan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Category:Siyasan Najeriya]] [[Category:Siyasan Najeriya a karni na 21st]] [[Category:Siyasa]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] mgite5aq2zm7bn34egf643m0o22aerx 826393 826392 2026-04-26T04:24:39Z Mhizabdoul 42167 826393 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Musa Yar'Adua''' wani shugaba ne kuma dan siyasa a Najeriya wanda ya rike mukamin Ministan Harkokin [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]] a lokacin Jamhuriya ta Farko ta Najeriya. Yar'Adua ya kasance minista ne a lokacin da aka ayyana Lagos Island da babban birni a matsayin birnin Lagos a shekarar 1963. Shine mahaifin [[Umaru Musa Yar'Adua|Umaru Musa Yarkas]], shugaban kasan Najeriya na 13, da kuma [[Shehu Musa Yar'Adua|Shehu Musa Yar'adua]], Shugaban Ma’aikatan gwamnatin mulkin soja ta [[Olusegun Obasanjo|Obasanjo.]]<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|title=Ministry of Lagos Affairs|last=Ezechukwu|first=G.O.|date=December 21, 1963|work=Morning Post}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite news|url=https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/alhaji-musa-yaradua-mp/|title=YAR’ADUA, Alh Musa|date=4 November 2016|work=Biographical Legacy and Research Foundation}}</ref> Lokacin da yake rayuwa, Yar'Adua da aka gudanar da Masarautu lakabi na ''Tafidan [[Katsina]]'' kafin ya aka ɗagagge zuwa cewa na ''Matawalle'' na [[Katsina (birni)|Katsina]], wanda mahaifinsa Mallam Umaru sau ɗaya da aka gudanar. == Rayuwa == [[File:Shehu Musa Yar'adua Center 07.jpg|thumb|Kakin Musa Yar'adua]] Yar'Adua an haife shi ne a shekara ta 1912 ga Malama Binta, [[Fulani|bafulatana]] daga [[Sullubawa|dangin Sullubawa]] wacce ta kasance gimbiya gidan [[Katsina (birni)|masarautar Katsina]] kuma 'yar uwar Sarki [[Muhammadu Dikko]] . Mahaifinsa shi ne Umaru Mutawallin Katsina, wani basarake wanda lakabinsa ya sanya shi mai kula da masarautar masarautai. Yayi karatun sa a [[Kwalejin Barewa|Kwalejin Katsina]] tsakanin Shekara ta 1928 zuwa shekara ta 1930 kuma ya fara aikin koyarwa a makarantar Middle ta Katsina. Ya kasance malami na tsawon shekaru goma sha hudu kafin canja wurin ayyuka zuwa ativean asalin kasar katsina. A shekara ta 1953, ya maye gurbin [[Isa Kaita]] a matsayin sakataren ci gaba na Hukumar Native kuma bayan shekaru biyu, ya shiga Isa Kaita a siyasar Katsina da [[Arewacin Najeriya]] . A shekara ta 1959, Yar'adua ya wakilci Katsina ta Tsakiya a majalisa kuma aka zabe shi a matsayin Ministan Horarwa da Najeriyar kafin ya koma sabuwar Ma'aikatar Harkokin Legas.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://wikileaks.org/plusd/cables/07ABUJA869_a.html|title=President-Elect Yar'adua: Bio Information|date=2007|publisher=Nigeria Abuja}}</ref> == Harkokin Legas == A shekarun da suka gabata kafin Najeriya ta sami 'yencin kai a shekara ta 1960 da kuma a jamhuriya ta farko (1960 - 1966), yanayin babban birni na zahiri, zamantakewar jama'a da tattalin arziki sun sami ci gaba cikin sauri. Ma’aikatar ‘Yar’adua ta hada gwiwa da majalisar birni ta Legas da kuma hukumar bunkasa zartarwa don gudanar da ci gaba tare da babban birnin. Ma'aikatar ta shiga cikin bayar da haya ga wasu ofisoshin kasashen waje da ke da sha'awar kafa ofisoshin jakadanci ko ofisoshin jakadanci a Najeriya kuma ta yi aiki tare da tawagar Majalisar finkin Duniya da ke tsara biranen gari wadanda suka hada da Otto Koenigsberger, Charles Abrams, da Maurice Shapiro don bunkasa abubuwan jin dadi da na jama'a. [[File:Shehu Musa Yar'Adua Centre 02.jpg|thumb|Musa Yar'Adua a jikin hoto]] Lokacin da aka yanke jamhuriya ta farko, 'Yar'aduwa ya koma Katsina. A lokacin jamhuriya ta biyu ya kasance mai hade da jam'iyyar National Party of Nigeria mai ra'ayin yan mazan jiya. == Manazarta == [[Category:yan siyasan Najeriya]] [[Category:Siyasan Najeriya]] [[Category:Siyasan Najeriya a karni na 21st]] [[Category:Siyasa]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] o16vimg5w6eaxjhgtyh55z5uiv1l8jg 0 22784 826434 707845 2026-04-26T07:03:37Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826434 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:Nirogongo-9-75-n-kivu.jpg |thumb|Tsaunin]] [[File:Controlled_Demolition_Site_(CDS)_(22745127345).jpg |thumb|Wani wuri da ke Kusa da tsaunin ]] '''Dutsen Nyiragongo''' wani salo ne mai dauke da tsawa wanda ya kai tsawan 3,470 m (11,385 ft)<ref name="GVP-Nyiragongo">{{Cite gvp|name=Nyiragongo|vn=223030|accessdate=2021-06-24}}</ref> a [[tsaunukan Virunga]] da ke hade da ''Rift Albertine'' yana cikin [[Filin shakatawa na Virunga]], a Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo, kimanin kilomita 12 (mil 7.5) arewa da garin Goma da Tafkin Kivu da yamma da iyaka da [[Ruwanda|Rwanda]]. Babbar kogin tana da nisan kilomita biyu (mil 1) kuma yawanci tana kunshi da tabkin ruwa. A yanzu haka ramin yana da kujeru biyu masu sanyin ruwa masu kyau a bango - dayan yana da kusan mita 3,175 (kafa 10,417) kuma karami a kusan 2,975 m (9,760 ft). Kogin Nyiragongo a wasu lokuta kuma ya kasance mafi shahararren sanannen lava a cikin tarihin kwanan nan. Zurfin tafkin ruwan ya banbanta sosai. An rubuta mafi tsayi na tafkin ruwa a kusan m 3,250 m (10,660 ft) kafin fashewar Janairu 1977 - zurfin tafki na kusan 600 m (2,000 ft). Bayan fashewar Janairu na 2002, an rubuta tafkin lava a kasa da kusan 2,600 m (8,500 ft), ko 900 m (3,000 ft) kasa da baki.<ref name="Tedesco-2007">{{Cite journal|last=Tedesco|first=Dario|display-authors=etal|year=2007|title=January 2002 volcano‐tectonic eruption of Nyiragongo volcano, Democratic Republic of Congo|journal=Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth|volume=112|issue=B9|pages=B09202|doi=10.1029/2006JB004762|bibcode=2007JGRB..112.9202T|doi-access=free}}</ref> Matakin ya tashi a hankali tun daga lokacin.<ref name="Burgi-2014">{{Cite journal|last1=Burgi|title=Dynamics of the Mount Nyiragongo lava lake|bibcode=2014JGRB..119.4106B|doi=10.1002/2013JB010895|pages=4106–4122|issue=5|volume=119|journal=Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth|year=2014|first1=P.‐Y.|first4=W. K.|last4=Eymold|first3=Dario|last3=Tedesco|first2=T. H.|last2=Darrah|doi-access=free}}</ref> Nyiragongo da [[Nyamuragira]] da ke kusa suna tare da alhakin kashi 40 cikin 100 na dutsen dutsen na tarihi na Afirka.<ref name="UNESCO">{{cite web|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/63|title=Virunga National Park|publisher=[[UNESCO]]|work=World Heritage List|access-date=13 February 2016}}</ref> == Ilimin kasa == [[File:Nyiragongo_and_Nyamuragira_-_PIA03337.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nyiragongo_and_Nyamuragira_-_PIA03337.png|left|thumb|Nyamuragira (hagu) da Nyiragongo (daga dama). Exarfafa a tsaye (1.5 ×).]] Wani dutsen da ke wani bangare ya hadu da tsofaffin dutsen tsaunuka biyu, Baratu da Shaheru, kuma wasu daruruwan kananan dutsen da ke kunshe da dutsen da ke kewaye da dutsen suna kewaye da shi. Nyiragongo mazugi ya kunshi ''pyroclastics'' da ''lava'' suna gudana.<ref name="Sahama-1978">{{Cite book|last=Sahama|first=Thure Georg|year=1978|title=The Nyiragongo main cone|series=Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgique: Annales – Serie in 8° – Sciences Géologiques, volume 81|publisher=Royal Museum for Central Africa / Musée Royale de l'Afrique Centrale|location=Tervuren, Belgium|language=en|oclc=434026615}}</ref> Nesaragongo's lavas kananan silica ne, masu wadatar alkali, madaukakiyar duwatsu masu karancin gaske ba tare da ''feldspars'' ba. Sun kasance daga melilitites masu wadatar ''olivine'' ta hanyar ''leucites'' zuwa ''nephelinites'', dauke da, a cikin nau'uka daban-daban musamman ma'adanai ''nepheline, leucite, melilite, kalsilite, da clinopyroxene''.<ref name="Sahama-1978" /><ref name="Sahama-1962">{{Cite journal|last=Sahama|first=Thure Georg|year=1962|title=Petrology of Mt. Nyiragongo: a review|journal=Transactions of the Edinburgh Geological Society|volume=19|issue=1|pages=1–28|doi=10.1144/transed.19.1.1|s2cid=130469613}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Andersen|first1=Tom|last2=Elburg|first2=Marlina|last3=Erambert|first3=Muriel|year=2012|title=Petrology of combeite-and götzenite-bearing nephelinite at Nyiragongo, Virunga Volcanic Province in the East African Rift|journal=[[Lithos (journal)|Lithos]]|volume=152|pages=105–121|doi=10.1016/j.lithos.2012.04.018|bibcode=2012Litho.152..105A|url=https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Marlina_Elburg/post/Can_any_one_provide_thin_section_photographs_of_melilite_bearing_lamprophyre_or_alnoite/attachment/59d63a91c49f478072ea6b5d/AS:273732176678912@1442274245909/download/Andersen_Nyiragongo_paper.pdf}}</ref> Wannan karamin habakar silica yana haifar da fashewa tare da kwararar ruwa mai karanci. Ganin cewa yawancin kwararar ruwa suna motsawa a hankali kuma ba safai suke haifar da hadari ga rayuwar dan adam ba, kwararar ruwan Nyiragongo na iya yin tsere zuwa kasa har zuwa kilomita 100 / h (60 mph).<ref>{{Cite web|last=Baxter|first=Peter J|date=February 18, 2002|title=ERUPTION AT NYIRAGONGO VOLCANO, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO 17-18 JANUARY 2002|url=http://www.who.int/disasters/repo/7658.doc|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=January 17, 2021|website=}}</ref> == Tarihi mai aiki == Ba a san da yawa game da tsawon lokacin da dutsen mai fitar da dutse yake aman wuta ba, amma tun daga 1882, ya fashe akalla sau 34, gami da lokuta da yawa inda ake cigaba da aiki tsawon shekaru a wani lokaci, galibi a cikin hanyar tafkin lava mai gurnani a cikin ramin. An [[jima]] ana zargin wanzuwar tafkin lava amma ba a tabbatar da shi ba a kimiyance har zuwa 1948.<ref name="readersnatural">{{Cite book|year=1980|title=Natural Wonders of the World|publisher=Reader's Digest Association, Inc|editor-last=Scheffel|editor-first=Richard L.|location=United States of America|pages=272–273|isbn=978-0-89577-087-5|editor-last2=Wernet|editor-first2=Susan J.}}</ref> A wancan lokacin, an auna shi kusan kusan muraba'in mita 120,000 (1.3 × 106 sq ft).<ref name="readersnatural" /> Balaguro da suka biyo baya sun nuna cewa tabkin ya sauya cikin girma, zurfin, da yanayin zafi a kan lokaci.<ref name="readersnatural" /> Aikin tafkin lava yana gudana.<ref name="GVP-2020-report">{{Cite journal|author=Global Volcanism Program|editor1-last=Bennis|editor1-first=K. L.|editor2-last=Venzke|editor2-first=E.|year=2020|title=Report on Nyiragongo (DR Congo)|journal=Bulletin of the Global Volcanism Network|volume=45|issue=6|publisher=Smithsonian Institution|doi=10.5479/si.GVP.BGVN202006-223030|url=https://volcano.si.edu/showreport.cfm?doi=10.5479/si.GVP.BGVN202006-223030|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200918162217/https://volcano.si.edu/showreport.cfm?doi=10.5479/si.GVP.BGVN202006-223030|archive-date=18 September 2020|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Burgi-2014"/><ref name="Pease">{{Cite journal|last=Pease|first=Roland|date=13 October 2020|title=Lava lake rises at dangerous African volcano|journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]]|publisher=[[American Association for the Advancement of Science]]|volume=370|issue=6514|pages=270–271|doi=10.1126/science.370.6514.270|pmid=33060337|bibcode=2020Sci...370..270P|url=https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/10/lava-lake-rises-dangerous-african-volcano|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201014071802/https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/10/lava-lake-rises-dangerous-african-volcano|archive-date=14 October 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> Ya zuwa shekarar 2020, galibin tabkin an killace shi a cikin babban kwanon rubabben gwangwani (kusan 18 m (60 ft) mai tsawo ta 180 m (600 kafa) mai fadi) a cikin kwarin.<ref name="Pease" /><ref>{{Cite news|last=Nelson|first=Paula|title=Nyiragongo Crater: Journey to the Center of the World|date=28 February 2011|newspaper=The Boston Globe|language=en|url=http://archive.boston.com/bigpicture/2011/02/nyiragongo_crater_journey_to_t.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200828050637/http://archive.boston.com/bigpicture/2011/02/nyiragongo_crater_journey_to_t.html|archive-date=28 August 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Village @ La Balme-de-Thuy @ Thônes (50321490392).jpg|thumb|Dutsen Nyiragongo]] Fashewar ya fara a ranar 22 Mayu 2021; ya zuwa ranar 27 ga Mayu 2021, mutane 37 sun bata kuma ana zaton sun mutu, bayan kwararar ruwa da ta isa wajen garin Goma.<ref>{{Cite web|date=7 June 2021|title=DR Congo to start phased return of residents to volcano-hit Goma|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/6/7/dr-congo-to-start-phased-return-of-residents-to-volcano-hit-goma|url-status=live|access-date=9 June 2021|website=[[Al Jazeera]]}}</ref> === Fashewar 1977 === Tsakanin 1894 da 1977 bakin ramin ya kunshi tafkin lava mai aiki. A ranar 10 ga Janairun 1977, katangar ganuwar ta karye, kuma tafkin lava ya malale a kasa da awa daya.<ref name="GVP-Nyiragongo">{{Cite gvp|name=Nyiragongo|vn=223030|accessdate=2021-06-24}}</ref> Lava ta gangaro zuwa gefen bangayen dutsen mai tsananin gudu har zuwa kilomita 60 a awa daya (37 mph) a kan gangaren sama, kwararar lava mafi sauri da aka rubuta zuwa yau,<ref>{{Cite book|last=Glenday|first=Craig|year=2013|title=Guinness Book of World Records 2014|publisher=The Jim Pattison Group|isbn=978-1-908843-15-9|page=[https://archive.org/details/guinnessworldrec0000unse_r3e7/page/015 15]|url=https://archive.org/details/guinnessworldrec0000unse_r3e7/page/015}}</ref> ta mamaye kauyuka tare da kashe akalla mutane 600.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-57215690|title=Mount Nyiragongo: DR Congo plans to evacuate city as volcano erupts|date=23 May 2021|via=www.bbc.co.uk}}</ref> A tsakanin minti 30, tabkin lava ya wofintar, yana kwarara arewa, kudu, da yamma dutsen tsawa. Babu wani wuri a cikin duniya da irin wannan madaidaiciyar hanya ta dauke da tafkin irin wannan ruwan lava. Kusancin Nyiragongo zuwa yankunan da ke da cunkoson jama'a yana karuwa da yiwuwar haifar da bala'i. Fashewa daga 1977 ya wayar da kan mutane game da irin hatsarin da Nyiragongo ke da shi, kuma saboda wannan, a cikin 1991 aka sanya shi tsaunin Dutsen Shekaru, wanda ya cancanci nazari na musamman.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.iavcei.org/documents/newsletters/1996/1996.pdf|title=IAVCEI NEWS 1/2 1996|access-date=2014-10-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100713165434/http://www.iavcei.org/documents/newsletters/1996/1996.pdf|archive-date=2010-07-13|url-status=dead}}</ref> Shekarar 1977 ta gabaci kirkirar sabon karamin iska mai karfin gaske, Murara, dan nesa kadan da gangaren [[Nyamuragira]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Nakamura|first1=Y.|last2=Aoki|first2=K.|year=1980|title=The 1977 eruption of Nyiragongo volcano, eastern Africa, and chemical composition of the ejecta|language=ja|journal=Bulletin of the Volcanological Society of Japan|volume=25|issue=1|pages=17–32|doi=10.18940/kazanc.25.1_17}} (English abstract)</ref> === Fashewar 2002 === Kogin Lava sun sake gyarawa a cikin rami a cikin fashewa a cikin 1982-1983 da 1994. Wani babban fashewar dutsen mai fitar da wuta ya fara ne a ranar 17 ga Janairun 2002, bayan watanni da yawa na karuwar girgizar kasa da kuma aikin fumarolic. Fississ mai nisan kilomita 13 (8.1 mi) ya bude a gefen kudu na dutsen mai fitar da wuta, yana yaduwa cikin 'yan awanni daga tsawan mita 2,800 zuwa 1,550 (9,190 zuwa 5,090 ft) kuma ya isa gefen garin Goma, babban birnin lardin a arewacin gabar Tafkin Kivu. Lava ya gudana daga kwallaye uku a karshen fissure kuma ya gudana a cikin rafi 200 zuwa 1,000 mita (660 zuwa 3,280 ft) fadi kuma zuwa mita 2 (6 da 7 a cikin) zurfin Goma. An bayar da gargadi kuma an kwashe mutane 400,000 daga garin zuwa iyakar Rwandan zuwa makwabciyar Gisenyi yayin fashewar. Lava ta rufe karshen arewacin titin sauka da tashin jiragen sama a Filin jirgin saman Goma, ya bar kudancin kashi biyu cikin uku, kuma ya isa Tafkin Kivu.<ref name="ERI">{{Cite web|last=Hiroyuki|first=Hamaguchi|title=Cooperative Observations at Nyiragongo Volcano in D.R. of Congo|publisher=Earthquake Research Institute, University of Tokyo|url=http://www.eri.u-tokyo.ac.jp/KAZANKYO/n_report/72.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050529232216/http://www.eri.u-tokyo.ac.jp/KAZANKYO/n_report/72.pdf|archive-date=29 May 2005|url-status=live}}</ref> Wannan ya haifar da fargabar cewa lava na iya haifar da iskar gas mai zurfin gaske a cikin tafkin don tashi ba zato ba tsammani, tare da fitar da adadi mai yawa na carbon dioxide da methane<ref>{{cite news|last=Sanders|first=Edmund|date=23 May 2008|title='Killer Lake' Could Power Rwanda|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2008-may-23-fg-lake23-story.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191203151044/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2008-may-23-fg-lake23-story.html|archive-date=3 December 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> - kwatankwacin bala'in da ya faru a Tafkin Nyos na Kamaru a 1986. Wannan bai faru ba, amma masana ilimin dutsen mai fitar da wuta sun cigaba da lura da yankin sosai.<ref name="BBC">{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/av/world-africa-41656368/monitoring-dr-congo-s-deadly-nyiragongo-volcano|title='I monitor Congo's deadliest volcano'|website=BBC News|access-date=2017-10-19}}</ref> Kimanin mutane 245 ne suka mutu a sakamakon fashewar iska daga iskar shaka da gine-ginen da suka rushe saboda lava da girgizar ƙasa.<ref name="Death toll">{{cite web|last1=Solana|first1=Carmen|title=Gone with the wind|url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2002/jan/31/physicalsciences.highereducation|website=The Guardian|access-date=4 August 2018}}</ref> Lava ta rufe kashi 13 cikin 100 na Goma, kusan kilomita murabba'in 1.8 (4.7 km2),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://reliefweb.int/report/democratic-republic-congo/democratic-republic-congo-volcano-fact-sheet-13-fiscal-year-fy-2002|title=Democratic Republic of the Congo – Volcano Fact Sheet #13, Fiscal Year (FY) 2002|website=ReliefWeb|author=USAID|date=15 August 2002|access-date=15 January 2021}}</ref> kuma kusan mutane 120,000 sun rasa matsuguni.<ref name="Tedesco-2007"/> Nan da nan bayan fashewar, an ji yawan girgizar kasa a kusa da Goma da Gisenyi. Wannan aikin yawo ya ci gaba har kimanin watanni uku kuma ya haifar da rushewar ƙarin gine-gine.<ref name="ERI"/> Watanni shida bayan fara fashewar dutse a 2002, dutsen Nyiragongo ya sake barkewa.<gallery widths="200" heights="200"> File:Nyiragongo 2002 eruption.jpg|Hoton tauraron dan adam na fashewar daga Nyiragongo a watan Yulin 2004 File:An aerial view of the towering volcanic peak of Mt. Nyiragongo.jpg|Nyiragongo, 2014 </gallery> === Barazana mai ci gaba === Gurbataccen iskar ''carbon dioxide'', wanda aka fi sani da '''mazuku''<nowiki/>' a cikin gida, ya kashe yara har ma kwanan nan. A wuraren da iskar gas ke zubewa daga kasa a wasu matakai masu kima, ba tare da tarwatsa tasirin iska ba, tasirinsa na iya zama na kisa.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/transcripts/3215_volcanoc.html|title=Volcano Under the City|publisher=[[PBS]]|date=2005-11-01|access-date=18 August 2013}}</ref> A ranar 8 ga Maris din 2016, ''Goma Volcano Observatory'' ta gano wani sabon rami da aka bude a gefen arewa maso gabas na ramin, biyo bayan rahotannin cikin gida na ruri da ke fitowa daga dutsen. Wasu na fargabar cewa wannan na iya haifar da fashewar flank.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.volcanodiscovery.com/nyiraongo/new-summit-vent/march2016/eruption-update.html|title=Nyiragongo volcano (DR Congo): fracture opens new vent inside crater – precursor of possible flank eruption?|publisher=Volcano Discovery|date=8 March 2016}}</ref> Masu sa ido a cikin 2020 sun shaida tashin a cikin tafkin lawa da sauran alamun fashewar dutse mai zuwa.<ref name="Pease" /> === Fashewar 2021 === A ranar 22 ga Mayu 2021, an ba da rahoton cewa dutsen ya sake yin aman wuta.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2021-05-23|title=Mount Nyiragongo: DR Congo residents flee as volcano erupts|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-57215690|access-date=2021-05-23}}</ref> Lava ta kusanci tashar jirgin saman Goma kuma ta koma tsakiyar garin gabashin Goma.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nyongesasande.com/volcano-erupts-in-eastern-congo-thousands-flee-goma/|title=Mount Nyiragongo erupts in eastern Congo, thousands flee Goma|date=23 May 2021|access-date=22 July 2021|archive-date=24 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210524072806/https://www.nyongesasande.com/volcano-erupts-in-eastern-congo-thousands-flee-goma/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Daga baya gwamnan soja na lardin Kivu ta Arewa ya tabbatar da cewa fashewar ta auku ne da misalin karfe 17:00 agogon GMT.<ref>{{Cite web|title=DR Congo volcano erupts, mass evacuation ordered|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/5/22/dr-congos-nyiragongo-volcano-erupts-triggering-panic|access-date=2021-05-23|website=www.aljazeera.com|language=en}}</ref> Lava ta datse wata babbar hanya zuwa Beni, kuma hukumomi sun bukaci mazauna garin na Goma da su yi kaura, lamarin da ya sa dubban mutane barin gidajensu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-57215690|title='Mount Nyiragongo: People flee as DR Congo volcano erupts'|website=BBC News|access-date=2021-05-22}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=DR Congo orders Goma evacuation after Mount Nyiragongo erupts|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/5/22/dr-congos-nyiragongo-volcano-erupts-triggering-panic|agency=Al Jazeera|publisher=Al Jazeera|date=May 22, 2021}}</ref> Hakanan an yanke wutar lantarki a fadin manyan yankuna biyo bayan fashewar.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2021-05-23|title=Mount Nyiragongo: DR Congo residents flee as volcano erupts|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-57215690|access-date=2021-05-23}}</ref> Fashewar ta haifar da akalla mutuwar mutane 32, galibi sanadiyyar hadarin mota a cikin fitowar da ta biyo baya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Congo's Mount Nyiragongo Volcano Destroys Hundreds of Homes; At Least 37 Dead {{!}} The Weather Channel - Articles from The Weather Channel {{!}} weather.com|url=https://weather.com/news/news/2021-05-24-congo-mount-nyiragongo-volcano-erupts-destroys-hundreds-of-homes|access-date=2021-05-25|website=The Weather Channel|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>https://news.un.org/en/story/2021/05/1093022{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Kulawa == [[File:Nyiragongo_Volcano_-_50305245106.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nyiragongo_Volcano_-_50305245106.png|thumb|Hoton tauraron dan adam na tabkin Nyiragongo a watan Yulin 2018]] Kungiyar masana kimiyya ce ke sa ido kan dutsen mai fitar da wuta a Goma Volcanic Observatory (GVO). Ana cigaba da kulawa, tare da bayanan girgizar kasa da ke afkuwa kowane minti hudu kuma bayanan zafin jiki ana samarwa kowane minti goma.<ref name="BBC" /> Cigaba da bayar da tallafi ga GVO yana cikin shakku, kamar yadda Bankin Duniya ya yanke shawara a cikin 2020 don dakatar da gudummawar da yake bayarwa.<ref name="Pease" /> == Manazarta == === Bayanan kula === <references /> == Bibliography == {{Refbegin}} * {{Cite journal|vauthors=Allard P, Baxter P, Halbwachs M, Kasareka M, Komorowski JC, Joron JL|year=2003|title=The most destructive effusive eruption in modern history: Nyiragongo 2003|journal=Geophysical Research Abstracts|volume=5|pages=11970}} * {{Cite journal|vauthors=Demant A, Lestrade P, Lubala RT, Kampunzu AB, Durieux J|year=1994|title=Volcanological and petrological evolution of Nyiragongo volcano, Virunga volcanic field, Zaire|journal=Bulletin of Volcanology|volume=56|issue=1|pages=47–60|bibcode=1994BVol...56...47D|doi=10.1007/BF00279728|s2cid=129031508}} * {{Cite journal|vauthors=Favalli M, Chirico GD, Papale P, Pareschi MT, Coltelli M, Lucaya N, Boschi E|year=2006|title=Computer simulations of lava flow paths in the town of Goma, Nyiragongo volcano, Democratic Republic of Congo|journal=Journal of Geophysical Research|volume=111|issue=B6|doi=10.1029/2004JB003527|pages=B06202|bibcode=2006JGRB..111.6202F|doi-access=free}} * {{Cite book|last1=Tazieff|first1=Haroun|author-link1=Haroun Tazieff|last2=Bichet|first2=Pierre|title=Nyiragongo: The Forbidden Volcano|publisher=Barron's|year=1979|pages=[https://archive.org/details/nyiragongoforbid00tazi/page/288 288]|isbn=0-8120-5296-X|oclc=4114550|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/nyiragongoforbid00tazi/page/288}} * {{Cite news|author=Rosbøg Sanne|url=http://ekstrabladet.dk/nyheder/samfund/article73101.ece|title=Kvinde overlevede fald på 100-meter|date=2007-07-07|language=da}} {{Refend}} == Hanyoyin hadin waje == * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y-Hw3AShanw HUGE Lava Eruption Burns Homes! Mount Nyiragongo, DR Congo - May 22, 2021] * [http://www.boston.com/bigpicture/2011/02/nyiragongo_crater_journey_to_t.html The Big Picture: Nyiragongo Crater] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090924075553/http://www.france24.com/en/20080817-republic-democratic-congo-volcano-Nyiragongo Nyiragongo volcano: jewel or threat?] on France 24 TV (video missing) ** [https://www.dailymotion.com/video/x6hewe Nyiragongo volcano: jewel or threat?] on France 24 TV's channel, including the video, but missing the text * [https://www.nytimes.com/2008/09/23/world/africa/23congo.html?scp=1&sq=goma&st=cse/ Tourism at Nyiragongo Volcano] * [http://www.volcanodiscovery.com/photos/nyiragongo/jan11/lava-fountains.html Photos of Nyiragongo lava lake in January 2011] * [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/1768012.stm BBC News pictures of the destruction of Goma by the 2002 Eruption] * [https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/volcanocity/ PBS ''Nova'': "Volcano Under the City"] * [http://www.swisseduc.ch/stromboli/perm/nyiragongo/index-en.html Stromboli Online's expedition to Nyiragongo in May, 2005] * [http://www.geokem.com/OIB-volcanic-continental.html Alkali Basalt Association of the Continents] * [https://www.google.com/maps/@-1.5231456,29.2499178,1128m/data=!3m1!1e3?hl=en Google Earth view] * [https://www.mountnyiragongo.com/ Mount Nyiragongo tourism Portal] j90kynls17ldrunifr5zgpc8e8nyfpu 0 22822 826256 621976 2026-04-25T14:16:41Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826256 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Corawa mahalbi''' [[shuka]] ne.<ref>Blench, Roger (2007). ''[http://www.rogerblench.info/Ethnoscience/Plants/General/Hausa%20plant%20names.pdf Hausa names for trees and plants] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210721120659/http://www.rogerblench.info/Ethnoscience/Plants/General/Hausa%20plant%20names.pdf |date=2021-07-21 }}''. Cambridge: Kay Williamson Educational Foundation.</ref> ==Manazarta tsirrai== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Shuka]] 2kf6moirh70g0oxcz7q5rmh5j7kg7p7 0 22852 826428 444789 2026-04-26T06:25:49Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826428 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Celtis ehrenbergiana arbol.jpg|thumb|bishiyar dunki]] '''Dunki''' [[shuka]] ne.<ref>Blench, Roger (2007). ''[http://www.rogerblench.info/Ethnoscience/Plants/General/Hausa%20plant%20names.pdf Hausa names for trees and plants] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210721120659/http://www.rogerblench.info/Ethnoscience/Plants/General/Hausa%20plant%20names.pdf |date=2021-07-21 }}''. Cambridge: Kay Williamson Educational Foundation.</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Shuka]] 3m19h3wx664dovkndex5p85c7jml45l 0 22916 826264 289748 2026-04-25T15:15:08Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826264 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Cwai ɗwaiya''' [[shuka]] ne.<ref>Blench, Roger (2007). ''[http://www.rogerblench.info/Ethnoscience/Plants/General/Hausa%20plant%20names.pdf Hausa names for trees and plants] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210721120659/http://www.rogerblench.info/Ethnoscience/Plants/General/Hausa%20plant%20names.pdf |date=2021-07-21 }}''. Cambridge: Kay Williamson Educational Foundation.</ref> [[File:Ocimum_americanum_002.JPG|200px|right|thumbnail|Cwai ɗwaiya]] [[File:Ocimum_americanum_001.JPG|200px|right|thumbnail|Cwai ɗwaiya]] ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Shuka]] 4u0po0e3h3o0z4b8pid08ck529lzwv2 0 22922 826425 289582 2026-04-26T06:11:00Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826425 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Duman kwaɗi''' [[shuka]] ne.<ref>Blench, Roger (2007). ''[http://www.rogerblench.info/Ethnoscience/Plants/General/Hausa%20plant%20names.pdf Hausa names for trees and plants] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210721120659/http://www.rogerblench.info/Ethnoscience/Plants/General/Hausa%20plant%20names.pdf |date=2021-07-21 }}''. Cambridge: Kay Williamson Educational Foundation.</ref> [[File:Ipomoea involucrata Bioko 2013 2.jpg|200px|right|thumbnail|Duman kwaɗi]] ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Shuka]] lfyct8ol4t6m60tz5x5cst29y45rdlt 0 22924 826424 514049 2026-04-26T06:10:03Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826424 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Jacquemontia tamnifolia - Urban Greening Botanical Garden - Kiba Park - Koto, Tokyo, Japan - DSC05366.jpg|thumb|Duman gwaza]] '''Duman gwaza''' [[shuka]] ne.<ref>Blench, Roger (2007). ''[http://www.rogerblench.info/Ethnoscience/Plants/General/Hausa%20plant%20names.pdf Hausa names for trees and plants] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210721120659/http://www.rogerblench.info/Ethnoscience/Plants/General/Hausa%20plant%20names.pdf |date=2021-07-21 }}''. Cambridge: Kay Williamson Educational Foundation.</ref> [[File:Jacquemontia tamnifolia - Urban Greening Botanical Garden - Kiba Park - Koto, Tokyo, Japan - DSC05367.jpg|200px|right|thumbnail|Duman gwaza]] ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Shuka]] p5v5shwl9x05zt5yrha575q5q2zptex 0 22960 826340 444173 2026-04-25T20:39:09Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826340 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dawar damina''' (''Sorghum series-spontanea'') [[shuka]] ne.<ref>Blench, Roger (2007). ''[http://www.rogerblench.info/Ethnoscience/Plants/General/Hausa%20plant%20names.pdf Hausa names for trees and plants] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210721120659/http://www.rogerblench.info/Ethnoscience/Plants/General/Hausa%20plant%20names.pdf |date=2021-07-21 }}''. Cambridge: Kay Williamson Educational Foundation.</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Shuka]] 1mwafdf170h4x155zmsjj8utzyw5aw9 0 22983 826255 289747 2026-04-25T14:16:16Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826255 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Corawa kurmi''' [[shuka]] ne.<ref>Blench, Roger (2007). ''[http://www.rogerblench.info/Ethnoscience/Plants/General/Hausa%20plant%20names.pdf Hausa names for trees and plants] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210721120659/http://www.rogerblench.info/Ethnoscience/Plants/General/Hausa%20plant%20names.pdf |date=2021-07-21 }}''. Cambridge: Kay Williamson Educational Foundation.</ref> [[File:Piptadeniastrum africanum-Jardin botanique Meise (2).jpg|200px|right|thumbnail|Corawa kurmi]] [[File:Piptadeniastrum africanum-NMNH-02211061.jpg|200px|right|thumbnail|Corawa kurmi]] ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Shuka]] cyr0rn395ou9dfb35wvp39gu8xbn3gf 0 26572 826461 788861 2026-04-26T07:22:57Z Mahuta 11340 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345768810|Baaj Adebule]]" 826461 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Baaj Adebule''' (an haife shi a ranar 25 ga Oktoba 1988) [[Ɗan wasa|ɗan wasan kwaikwayo]] ne na Najeriya, samfurin, kuma Mai shirya fim-finai daga [[Jihar Ogun]] a Kudu maso Yammacin Najeriya . <ref>{{Cite web |last=<!--Not stated--> |date=2021-01-17 |title=Nollywood / Baaj Adebule : "L’amour ne suffit pas pour faire fonctionner une relation" |url=https://l-frii.com/nollywood-baaj-adebule-lamour-ne-suffit-pas-pour-faire-fonctionner-une-relation/ |access-date=2021-08-11 |website=L-FRII |language=fr-FR}}</ref> Ya fito a fina-finai na [[Nollywood]] tun shekarar 2012. Ya fara aikinsa a wasan kwaikwayo na M-Net ''[[Tinsel (TV series)|Tinsel]]'' kuma ya bayyana a fina-finai da jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin kamar su ''Hush'', The Men's Club, Payday, ''Zena'', Uncloaked, The Governor, The Missing, A Soldier's Story 1 & 2, ''Omo Wa'', Beast Within, da The ''Moles''.<sup class="mw-ref reference" mwnq="">Gwamna\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" title=\"Pulse Nigeria\">Pulse Nigeria<nowiki></a></nowiki><nowiki></i></nowiki>. 19 September 2016.<nowiki></cite></nowiki>"}}" id="cite_ref-5" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref">[./Baaj_Adebule#cite_note-5 <span class="mw-reflink-text"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket"><nowiki>]</nowiki></span></span>]</sup><ref>{{Cite web |title=Watch Payday Full Movie Online, Comedy Film |url=https://www.digit.in/digit-binge/movies/payday-743855.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210811143258/https://www.digit.in/digit-binge/movies/payday-743855.html |archive-date=2021-08-11 |access-date=2021-08-11 |website=www.digit.in |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=April 13, 2015 |title=I’ve always had passion for arts – Baaj Adebule |url=https://www.thenicheng.com/ive-always-had-passion-for-arts-baaj-adebule/}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Adebule a asibitin Jalupon da ke Surulere, [[Lagos (jiha)|Legas]]. Ya shafe mafi yawan lokacin yaro a Maryland Legas, inda ya halarci makarantar firamare ta Seat of Wisdom da makarantar sakandare ta Caleb. Ya koma Surulere bayan kisan aurensa a shekara ta 2005. Adebule dan asalin [[Yarbawa|Yoruba]] ne kuma ɗan asalin yankin karamar hukumar [[Ijebu Ode]] ne na [[Kwalejin Fasahar Lafiya ta Jihar Ogun|Jihar Ogun]] . An haife shi a gidan [[Kirista]]. Mahaifinsa injiniya ne kuma mahaifiyarsa mai lissafi da kuma dan kasuwa. Shi ne ƙarami a cikin yara tara daga aure da yawa.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Biography – Baaj Adebule |url=https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 |access-date=2020-09-18 |language=en-US}}</ref> Shekaru na makaranta sun mayar da hankali ga ilimi, yayin da iyayensa suka jaddada muhimmancin ilimi na yau da kullun. Yayinda yake ƙarami, ya mai da hankali kan wasanni da zane-zane, wasan ƙwallon ƙafa, kwando, badminton, wasan tennis na tebur, da waƙa. A cikin tarihin rayuwarsa, Adebule ya bayyana cewa ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta coci tun yana ƙarami da kuma memba na ƙungiyar fasaha ta makarantarsa. Adebule an fi saninsa da ƙaunar fina-finai, wanda ya mai da hankali kan bayan kisan iyayensa. A shekara ta 2005, Adebule ya fara halartar [[Jami'ar Covenant University|Jami'ar Alkawari]] a [[Jihar Ogun]] don nazarin tattalin arziki. Ya kammala karatu tare da aji na biyu a shekara ta 2009. Bayan kammala karatunsa, ya shiga cikin zane-zane da wasanni. Ya yi aiki a Multi Choice kusan kusan shekaru biyu kafin ya bar don mayar da hankali kan nishaɗi.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Biography – Baaj Adebule |url=https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 |access-date=2020-09-18 |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 "Biography – Baaj Adebule"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> == Ayyuka == Adebule ya fara aikinsa na wasan kwaikwayo da kuma samfurin a cikin 2010 yayin da yake aiki a cikin aiki tara zuwa biyar. Zai je don sauraro da hotuna a lokacinsa na kyauta. Daga bisani ya sami karamin aiki a kan telenovela ''[[Tinsel (TV series)|Tinsel]]'' . Tare da goyon bayan abokansa da danginsa, ya kasance mai takara a gasar Mista Najeriya ta 2011, inda ya zo na 4. A shekara ta 2012, ya fara yin wasan kwaikwayo da kuma yin samfurin cikakken lokaci.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Biography – Baaj Adebule |url=https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 |access-date=2020-09-18 |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 "Biography – Baaj Adebule"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Adebule ya sami jefa a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin da yawa, gami da Asirin da Scandals, ''Iyali Mai Farin Ciki'', yana aiki tare da 'yan wasan kwaikwayo kamar Sola Sobowale, Victor Olaotan da sauransu. A shekara ta 2014, Adebule ta fito a fina-finai da jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin irin su Four Crooks da ''Rookie'', Deadline, Studio, da Lekki Wives . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Biography – Baaj Adebule |url=https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 |access-date=2020-09-18 |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 "Biography – Baaj Adebule"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Ya fara fitowa na farko a cikin fim din A Soldier's Story, da kuma Road to Yesterday. Har ila yau a wannan shekarar, ya ƙaddamar da kamfanin samar da House of Baaj Pictures . Shirinsa na farko shi ne Seeing Betrayal, wanda ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarni ya ci gaba da lashe mafi kyawun gajeren fim a Afirka 2015 a Zafaa Global Awards . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Biography – Baaj Adebule |url=https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 |access-date=2020-09-18 |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 "Biography – Baaj Adebule"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Adebule ta fito a cikin ''Hush'', tana nuna Adze . Ya fito a cikin shirye-shirye kamar 5ive, The Governor, Uncloaked, The Missing, Payday, da Battleground Showdown . == Hotunan fina-finai == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Sunan !Halinsa !Matsayi !Fitarwa !Daraktan |- | rowspan="3" |2012 |''[[Tinsel (TV series)|Tinsel]]'' |Javier |Taimako |Telenovela |Mnet |- |''Asirin da abin kunya'' |Victor |Lead |Jerin |Elvis Chuwks |- |''Iyali Mai Farin Ciki'' |Chris |Taimako |Jerin |Elvis Chuwks |- | rowspan="2" |2013 |''<nowiki/>'Yan wasa huɗu da Rookie'' |Toba |Taimako |Fim din |Eze Ugo Maduka |- |''Yankuna Biyu na tsabar kudi'' |Mai Hacking |Taimako |Jerin | - |- | rowspan="2" |2014 |''Lokaci na ƙarshe'' |Dauda |Lead |Jerin |[[Imoh Umoren]] |- |''Nazarin'' |Matashi |Taimako |Jerin |OLA |- | rowspan="5" |2015 |''[[Lekki Wives|Matan Lekki]]'' |Daraktan |Taimako |Jerin |Albarka da Egbe |- |''Ganin Cin amana'' |Miji |Lead |Gajeren fim |Baaj Adebule |- |''[[A Soldiers Story (fim na 2015)|Labarin Soja]]'' |Kyaftin Dave |Taimako |Fim din |Frankie Ogar |- |''[[Road to Yesterday (fim)|Hanyar zuwa jiya]]'' |Mai ba da abinci / Nurses |Taimako |Fim din |Ishaya Bako |- |''[[Shuga Naija|Shuga]]'' |Mai ba da abinci |Taimako |Jerin |Biyi Bamidele |- | rowspan="4" |2016 |''Batir Ba a haɗa su ba'' |Mutumin da ya faru |Lead |Gajeren fim |OluYomi Ososanya |- |''Hush'' |Adze |Lead |Telenovela |Vicor S. Tope O. & Pat |- |''Gwamna'' |Carl |Taimako |Jerin |Ema E. |- |''5 Ka yi'' |Segun |Lead |Jerin |OLA |- | rowspan="4" |2017 |''Ba a rufe shi ba'' |Godiya gaisuwa |Lead |Fim din |Daniel Oriahi |- |''Wadanda suka ɓace'' |Mai bincike Lazarus |Lead |Fim din |Seyi Babatope |- |''Abin sha'awa'' |Kevin |Taimako |Gajeren fim |Deolu Owu |- |''Kasancewa'' |Rashin Mata |Lead |Gajeren fim |Ayomide Adeleke |- | rowspan="12" |2018 |''Ƙananan Ƙungiyoyi'' |Tunde |Lead |SitCom |Sade Dada |- |''Armstrong'' |Dokta |Taimako |Gajeren fim |Fim din Maverick |- |''T.R.U.L.I.S.'' |Taiwo Mathews |Lead |Jerin |7 Jerin |- |''Ranar Biya&nbsp;&nbsp;'' |Bulus |Lead |Fim din |Lawrence Cheta |- |''Minti 30'' |Johnbull / JB |Taimako |Jerin |7 Jerin |- |''Magana'' |Miji |Lead |Gajeren fim |Amaka Sandra |- |''Jam'iyyar Bachelor'' |Abdul |Lead |Fim din |Seun Akinseloyin |- |''Ta hanyar Fast Lane'' |Yakubu |Lead |Jerin |Abiodun Williams |- |''Kungiyar'' |Tunde |Taimako |Fim din |Imoh Umoren |- |''Gidan Yaƙi'' |Adze Tsenogu |Lead |Telenovela |Yemi Filmboy Morafa |- |''[[The Men's Club (Nigerian web series)|Kungiyar Maza]]'' |Louis |Lead |Jerin Yanar Gizo |Tola Odunsi |- |''3 Bottles a kan tebur'' |Segun |Lead |Jirgin Sama |Baaj Adebule |- | rowspan="5" |2019 |''Ba daidai ba'' |Yahaya |Lead |Gajeren fim |Charles Obiemere |- |''Dabbar Cikinta'' |Stanley |Lead |Fim din |Daniel Oriahi |- |''Zena'' |Loik |Lead |Fim din |Daniel Oriahi |- |''Rust'' |Collins |Taimako |Fim din |Eseosa Adanihuomwan |- |''Kungiyar Maza Season 2'' |Louis |Lead |Jerin Yanar Gizo |Tola Odunsi |} Ba a sake shi ba {| class="wikitable" |Ranar harbi |Sunan |Halinsa |Matsayi |Fitarwa |Daraktan |- |2015 |''Eripa'' |Jeffery |Lead |Fim din |Kayode Adeleke |- | rowspan="3" |2018 |''Labarin Soja: Komawa Daga Matattu'' |Kyaftin Dave |Lead |Fim din |Frankie Ogar |- |''Kamfanin 3'' |Inuwa |Lead |SitCom |Paul Gaius |- |''Ayyuka'' |Mai bincike Steve |Taimako |Fim din |Omas |- | rowspan="8" |2019 |''Sabon Mutum'' |Sabon Mutum |Lead |Gajeren fim |Tolulope Ajayi |- |''Lemonade'' |Harry |Lead |Fim din |Mustapha Edochie |- |''Musayar Gaskiya'' |Joshua |Lead |Fim din |Abiodun Williams |- |''Scarlett'' |Frank |Taimako |Fim din |Eseosa Adanihuomwan |- |''Barin Tafiya'' |Maxwell |Lead |Fim din |Abiodun Williams |- |''Maple Inn'' |Ishaku |Taimako |Fim din |Seun Akinseloyin |- |''Moles'' |Kanmi |Lead |Fim din |Uche Chukwu |- |''Jerin Tarihin da ya ɓace'' |Mai bincike Lazarus |Lead |Ƙananan Jerin |Seyi Babatope |} == Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Bikin bayar da kyautar !Sashe !Fim din !Sakamakon !Ref |- |2017 |[[2017 Best of Nollywood Awards|Mafi Kyawun Kyautar Nollywood]] |Ru'ya ta Shekara - namiji|{{N/a}}|{{Nom}} | |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{IMDb name|7484900}} [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] dbdc7li37xzz1xz0c549odg1o9520z3 826465 826461 2026-04-26T07:23:23Z Mahuta 11340 826465 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Baaj Adebule''' (an haife shi a ranar 25 ga Oktoba 1988) [[Ɗan wasa|ɗan wasan kwaikwayo]] ne na Najeriya, samfurin, kuma Mai shirya fim-finai daga [[Jihar Ogun]] a Kudu maso Yammacin Najeriya . <ref>{{Cite web |last=<!--Not stated--> |date=2021-01-17 |title=Nollywood / Baaj Adebule : "L’amour ne suffit pas pour faire fonctionner une relation" |url=https://l-frii.com/nollywood-baaj-adebule-lamour-ne-suffit-pas-pour-faire-fonctionner-une-relation/ |access-date=2021-08-11 |website=L-FRII |language=fr-FR}}</ref> Ya kuma fito a fina-finai na [[Nollywood]] tun shekarar 2012. Ya fara aikinsa a wasan kwaikwayo na M-Net ''[[Tinsel (TV series)|Tinsel]]'' kuma ya bayyana a fina-finai da jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin kamar su ''Hush'', The Men's Club, Payday, ''Zena'', Uncloaked, The Governor, The Missing, A Soldier's Story 1 & 2, ''Omo Wa'', Beast Within, da The ''Moles''.<sup class="mw-ref reference" mwnq="">Gwamna\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" title=\"Pulse Nigeria\">Pulse Nigeria<nowiki></a></nowiki><nowiki></i></nowiki>. 19 September 2016.<nowiki></cite></nowiki>"}}" id="cite_ref-5" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref">[./Baaj_Adebule#cite_note-5 <span class="mw-reflink-text"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket"><nowiki>]</nowiki></span></span>]</sup><ref>{{Cite web |title=Watch Payday Full Movie Online, Comedy Film |url=https://www.digit.in/digit-binge/movies/payday-743855.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210811143258/https://www.digit.in/digit-binge/movies/payday-743855.html |archive-date=2021-08-11 |access-date=2021-08-11 |website=www.digit.in |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=April 13, 2015 |title=I’ve always had passion for arts – Baaj Adebule |url=https://www.thenicheng.com/ive-always-had-passion-for-arts-baaj-adebule/}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Adebule a asibitin Jalupon da ke Surulere, [[Lagos (jiha)|Legas]]. Ya shafe mafi yawan lokacin yaro a Maryland Legas, inda ya halarci makarantar firamare ta Seat of Wisdom da makarantar sakandare ta Caleb. Ya koma Surulere bayan kisan aurensa a shekara ta 2005. Adebule dan asalin [[Yarbawa|Yoruba]] ne kuma ɗan asalin yankin karamar hukumar [[Ijebu Ode]] ne na [[Kwalejin Fasahar Lafiya ta Jihar Ogun|Jihar Ogun]] . An haife shi a gidan [[Kirista]]. Mahaifinsa injiniya ne kuma mahaifiyarsa mai lissafi da kuma dan kasuwa. Shi ne ƙarami a cikin yara tara daga aure da yawa.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Biography – Baaj Adebule |url=https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 |access-date=2020-09-18 |language=en-US}}</ref> Shekaru na makaranta sun mayar da hankali ga ilimi, yayin da iyayensa suka jaddada muhimmancin ilimi na yau da kullun. Yayinda yake ƙarami, ya mai da hankali kan wasanni da zane-zane, wasan ƙwallon ƙafa, kwando, badminton, wasan tennis na tebur, da waƙa. A cikin tarihin rayuwarsa, Adebule ya bayyana cewa ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta coci tun yana ƙarami da kuma memba na ƙungiyar fasaha ta makarantarsa. Adebule an fi saninsa da ƙaunar fina-finai, wanda ya mai da hankali kan bayan kisan iyayensa. A shekara ta 2005, Adebule ya fara halartar [[Jami'ar Covenant University|Jami'ar Alkawari]] a [[Jihar Ogun]] don nazarin tattalin arziki. Ya kammala karatu tare da aji na biyu a shekara ta 2009. Bayan kammala karatunsa, ya shiga cikin zane-zane da wasanni. Ya yi aiki a Multi Choice kusan kusan shekaru biyu kafin ya bar don mayar da hankali kan nishaɗi.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Biography – Baaj Adebule |url=https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 |access-date=2020-09-18 |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 "Biography – Baaj Adebule"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> == Ayyuka == Adebule ya fara aikinsa na wasan kwaikwayo da kuma samfurin a cikin 2010 yayin da yake aiki a cikin aiki tara zuwa biyar. Zai je don sauraro da hotuna a lokacinsa na kyauta. Daga bisani ya sami karamin aiki a kan telenovela ''[[Tinsel (TV series)|Tinsel]]'' . Tare da goyon bayan abokansa da danginsa, ya kasance mai takara a gasar Mista Najeriya ta 2011, inda ya zo na 4. A shekara ta 2012, ya fara yin wasan kwaikwayo da kuma yin samfurin cikakken lokaci.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Biography – Baaj Adebule |url=https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 |access-date=2020-09-18 |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 "Biography – Baaj Adebule"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Adebule ya sami jefa a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin da yawa, gami da Asirin da Scandals, ''Iyali Mai Farin Ciki'', yana aiki tare da 'yan wasan kwaikwayo kamar Sola Sobowale, Victor Olaotan da sauransu. A shekara ta 2014, Adebule ta fito a fina-finai da jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin irin su Four Crooks da ''Rookie'', Deadline, Studio, da Lekki Wives . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Biography – Baaj Adebule |url=https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 |access-date=2020-09-18 |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 "Biography – Baaj Adebule"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Ya fara fitowa na farko a cikin fim din A Soldier's Story, da kuma Road to Yesterday. Har ila yau a wannan shekarar, ya ƙaddamar da kamfanin samar da House of Baaj Pictures . Shirinsa na farko shi ne Seeing Betrayal, wanda ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarni ya ci gaba da lashe mafi kyawun gajeren fim a Afirka 2015 a Zafaa Global Awards . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Biography – Baaj Adebule |url=https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 |access-date=2020-09-18 |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 "Biography – Baaj Adebule"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Adebule ta fito a cikin ''Hush'', tana nuna Adze . Ya fito a cikin shirye-shirye kamar 5ive, The Governor, Uncloaked, The Missing, Payday, da Battleground Showdown . == Hotunan fina-finai == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Sunan !Halinsa !Matsayi !Fitarwa !Daraktan |- | rowspan="3" |2012 |''[[Tinsel (TV series)|Tinsel]]'' |Javier |Taimako |Telenovela |Mnet |- |''Asirin da abin kunya'' |Victor |Lead |Jerin |Elvis Chuwks |- |''Iyali Mai Farin Ciki'' |Chris |Taimako |Jerin |Elvis Chuwks |- | rowspan="2" |2013 |''<nowiki/>'Yan wasa huɗu da Rookie'' |Toba |Taimako |Fim din |Eze Ugo Maduka |- |''Yankuna Biyu na tsabar kudi'' |Mai Hacking |Taimako |Jerin | - |- | rowspan="2" |2014 |''Lokaci na ƙarshe'' |Dauda |Lead |Jerin |[[Imoh Umoren]] |- |''Nazarin'' |Matashi |Taimako |Jerin |OLA |- | rowspan="5" |2015 |''[[Lekki Wives|Matan Lekki]]'' |Daraktan |Taimako |Jerin |Albarka da Egbe |- |''Ganin Cin amana'' |Miji |Lead |Gajeren fim |Baaj Adebule |- |''[[A Soldiers Story (fim na 2015)|Labarin Soja]]'' |Kyaftin Dave |Taimako |Fim din |Frankie Ogar |- |''[[Road to Yesterday (fim)|Hanyar zuwa jiya]]'' |Mai ba da abinci / Nurses |Taimako |Fim din |Ishaya Bako |- |''[[Shuga Naija|Shuga]]'' |Mai ba da abinci |Taimako |Jerin |Biyi Bamidele |- | rowspan="4" |2016 |''Batir Ba a haɗa su ba'' |Mutumin da ya faru |Lead |Gajeren fim |OluYomi Ososanya |- |''Hush'' |Adze |Lead |Telenovela |Vicor S. Tope O. & Pat |- |''Gwamna'' |Carl |Taimako |Jerin |Ema E. |- |''5 Ka yi'' |Segun |Lead |Jerin |OLA |- | rowspan="4" |2017 |''Ba a rufe shi ba'' |Godiya gaisuwa |Lead |Fim din |Daniel Oriahi |- |''Wadanda suka ɓace'' |Mai bincike Lazarus |Lead |Fim din |Seyi Babatope |- |''Abin sha'awa'' |Kevin |Taimako |Gajeren fim |Deolu Owu |- |''Kasancewa'' |Rashin Mata |Lead |Gajeren fim |Ayomide Adeleke |- | rowspan="12" |2018 |''Ƙananan Ƙungiyoyi'' |Tunde |Lead |SitCom |Sade Dada |- |''Armstrong'' |Dokta |Taimako |Gajeren fim |Fim din Maverick |- |''T.R.U.L.I.S.'' |Taiwo Mathews |Lead |Jerin |7 Jerin |- |''Ranar Biya&nbsp;&nbsp;'' |Bulus |Lead |Fim din |Lawrence Cheta |- |''Minti 30'' |Johnbull / JB |Taimako |Jerin |7 Jerin |- |''Magana'' |Miji |Lead |Gajeren fim |Amaka Sandra |- |''Jam'iyyar Bachelor'' |Abdul |Lead |Fim din |Seun Akinseloyin |- |''Ta hanyar Fast Lane'' |Yakubu |Lead |Jerin |Abiodun Williams |- |''Kungiyar'' |Tunde |Taimako |Fim din |Imoh Umoren |- |''Gidan Yaƙi'' |Adze Tsenogu |Lead |Telenovela |Yemi Filmboy Morafa |- |''[[The Men's Club (Nigerian web series)|Kungiyar Maza]]'' |Louis |Lead |Jerin Yanar Gizo |Tola Odunsi |- |''3 Bottles a kan tebur'' |Segun |Lead |Jirgin Sama |Baaj Adebule |- | rowspan="5" |2019 |''Ba daidai ba'' |Yahaya |Lead |Gajeren fim |Charles Obiemere |- |''Dabbar Cikinta'' |Stanley |Lead |Fim din |Daniel Oriahi |- |''Zena'' |Loik |Lead |Fim din |Daniel Oriahi |- |''Rust'' |Collins |Taimako |Fim din |Eseosa Adanihuomwan |- |''Kungiyar Maza Season 2'' |Louis |Lead |Jerin Yanar Gizo |Tola Odunsi |} Ba a sake shi ba {| class="wikitable" |Ranar harbi |Sunan |Halinsa |Matsayi |Fitarwa |Daraktan |- |2015 |''Eripa'' |Jeffery |Lead |Fim din |Kayode Adeleke |- | rowspan="3" |2018 |''Labarin Soja: Komawa Daga Matattu'' |Kyaftin Dave |Lead |Fim din |Frankie Ogar |- |''Kamfanin 3'' |Inuwa |Lead |SitCom |Paul Gaius |- |''Ayyuka'' |Mai bincike Steve |Taimako |Fim din |Omas |- | rowspan="8" |2019 |''Sabon Mutum'' |Sabon Mutum |Lead |Gajeren fim |Tolulope Ajayi |- |''Lemonade'' |Harry |Lead |Fim din |Mustapha Edochie |- |''Musayar Gaskiya'' |Joshua |Lead |Fim din |Abiodun Williams |- |''Scarlett'' |Frank |Taimako |Fim din |Eseosa Adanihuomwan |- |''Barin Tafiya'' |Maxwell |Lead |Fim din |Abiodun Williams |- |''Maple Inn'' |Ishaku |Taimako |Fim din |Seun Akinseloyin |- |''Moles'' |Kanmi |Lead |Fim din |Uche Chukwu |- |''Jerin Tarihin da ya ɓace'' |Mai bincike Lazarus |Lead |Ƙananan Jerin |Seyi Babatope |} == Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Bikin bayar da kyautar !Sashe !Fim din !Sakamakon !Ref |- |2017 |[[2017 Best of Nollywood Awards|Mafi Kyawun Kyautar Nollywood]] |Ru'ya ta Shekara - namiji|{{N/a}}|{{Nom}} | |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{IMDb name|7484900}} [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] r2uzvtxtqivjh1ig3kt6iiggt1tyss5 826467 826465 2026-04-26T07:23:42Z Mahuta 11340 826467 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Baaj Adebule''' (an haife shi a ranar 25 ga Oktoba 1988) [[Ɗan wasa|ɗan wasan kwaikwayo]] ne na Najeriya, samfurin, kuma Mai shirya fim-finai daga [[Jihar Ogun]] a Kudu maso Yammacin Najeriya . <ref>{{Cite web |last=<!--Not stated--> |date=2021-01-17 |title=Nollywood / Baaj Adebule : "L’amour ne suffit pas pour faire fonctionner une relation" |url=https://l-frii.com/nollywood-baaj-adebule-lamour-ne-suffit-pas-pour-faire-fonctionner-une-relation/ |access-date=2021-08-11 |website=L-FRII |language=fr-FR}}</ref> Ya kuma fito a fina-finai na [[Nollywood]] tun shekarar 2012. Ya fara aikinsa a wasan kwaikwayo na M-Net ''[[Tinsel (TV series)|Tinsel]]'' kuma ya bayyana a fina-finai da jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin kamar su ''Hush'', The Men's Club, Payday, ''Zena'', Uncloaked, The Governor, The Missing, A Soldier's Story 1 & 2, ''Omo Wa'', Beast Within, da The ''Moles''.<sup class="mw-ref reference" mwnq="">Gwamna\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" title=\"Pulse Nigeria\">Pulse Nigeria<nowiki></a></nowiki><nowiki></i></nowiki>. 19 September 2016.<nowiki></cite></nowiki>"}}" id="cite_ref-5" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref">[./Baaj_Adebule#cite_note-5 <span class="mw-reflink-text"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket"><nowiki>]</nowiki></span></span>]</sup><ref>{{Cite web |title=Watch Payday Full Movie Online, Comedy Film |url=https://www.digit.in/digit-binge/movies/payday-743855.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210811143258/https://www.digit.in/digit-binge/movies/payday-743855.html |archive-date=2021-08-11 |access-date=2021-08-11 |website=www.digit.in |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=April 13, 2015 |title=I’ve always had passion for arts – Baaj Adebule |url=https://www.thenicheng.com/ive-always-had-passion-for-arts-baaj-adebule/}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An kuma haifi Adebule a asibitin Jalupon da ke Surulere, [[Lagos (jiha)|Legas]]. Ya shafe mafi yawan lokacin yaro a Maryland Legas, inda ya halarci makarantar firamare ta Seat of Wisdom da makarantar sakandare ta Caleb. Ya koma Surulere bayan kisan aurensa a shekara ta 2005. Adebule dan asalin [[Yarbawa|Yoruba]] ne kuma ɗan asalin yankin karamar hukumar [[Ijebu Ode]] ne na [[Kwalejin Fasahar Lafiya ta Jihar Ogun|Jihar Ogun]] . An haife shi a gidan [[Kirista]]. Mahaifinsa injiniya ne kuma mahaifiyarsa mai lissafi da kuma dan kasuwa. Shi ne ƙarami a cikin yara tara daga aure da yawa.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Biography – Baaj Adebule |url=https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 |access-date=2020-09-18 |language=en-US}}</ref> Shekaru na makaranta sun mayar da hankali ga ilimi, yayin da iyayensa suka jaddada muhimmancin ilimi na yau da kullun. Yayinda yake ƙarami, ya mai da hankali kan wasanni da zane-zane, wasan ƙwallon ƙafa, kwando, badminton, wasan tennis na tebur, da waƙa. A cikin tarihin rayuwarsa, Adebule ya bayyana cewa ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta coci tun yana ƙarami da kuma memba na ƙungiyar fasaha ta makarantarsa. Adebule an fi saninsa da ƙaunar fina-finai, wanda ya mai da hankali kan bayan kisan iyayensa. A shekara ta 2005, Adebule ya fara halartar [[Jami'ar Covenant University|Jami'ar Alkawari]] a [[Jihar Ogun]] don nazarin tattalin arziki. Ya kammala karatu tare da aji na biyu a shekara ta 2009. Bayan kammala karatunsa, ya shiga cikin zane-zane da wasanni. Ya yi aiki a Multi Choice kusan kusan shekaru biyu kafin ya bar don mayar da hankali kan nishaɗi.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Biography – Baaj Adebule |url=https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 |access-date=2020-09-18 |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 "Biography – Baaj Adebule"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> == Ayyuka == Adebule ya fara aikinsa na wasan kwaikwayo da kuma samfurin a cikin 2010 yayin da yake aiki a cikin aiki tara zuwa biyar. Zai je don sauraro da hotuna a lokacinsa na kyauta. Daga bisani ya sami karamin aiki a kan telenovela ''[[Tinsel (TV series)|Tinsel]]'' . Tare da goyon bayan abokansa da danginsa, ya kasance mai takara a gasar Mista Najeriya ta 2011, inda ya zo na 4. A shekara ta 2012, ya fara yin wasan kwaikwayo da kuma yin samfurin cikakken lokaci.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Biography – Baaj Adebule |url=https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 |access-date=2020-09-18 |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 "Biography – Baaj Adebule"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Adebule ya sami jefa a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin da yawa, gami da Asirin da Scandals, ''Iyali Mai Farin Ciki'', yana aiki tare da 'yan wasan kwaikwayo kamar Sola Sobowale, Victor Olaotan da sauransu. A shekara ta 2014, Adebule ta fito a fina-finai da jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin irin su Four Crooks da ''Rookie'', Deadline, Studio, da Lekki Wives . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Biography – Baaj Adebule |url=https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 |access-date=2020-09-18 |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 "Biography – Baaj Adebule"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Ya fara fitowa na farko a cikin fim din A Soldier's Story, da kuma Road to Yesterday. Har ila yau a wannan shekarar, ya ƙaddamar da kamfanin samar da House of Baaj Pictures . Shirinsa na farko shi ne Seeing Betrayal, wanda ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarni ya ci gaba da lashe mafi kyawun gajeren fim a Afirka 2015 a Zafaa Global Awards . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Biography – Baaj Adebule |url=https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 |access-date=2020-09-18 |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 "Biography – Baaj Adebule"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Adebule ta fito a cikin ''Hush'', tana nuna Adze . Ya fito a cikin shirye-shirye kamar 5ive, The Governor, Uncloaked, The Missing, Payday, da Battleground Showdown . == Hotunan fina-finai == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Sunan !Halinsa !Matsayi !Fitarwa !Daraktan |- | rowspan="3" |2012 |''[[Tinsel (TV series)|Tinsel]]'' |Javier |Taimako |Telenovela |Mnet |- |''Asirin da abin kunya'' |Victor |Lead |Jerin |Elvis Chuwks |- |''Iyali Mai Farin Ciki'' |Chris |Taimako |Jerin |Elvis Chuwks |- | rowspan="2" |2013 |''<nowiki/>'Yan wasa huɗu da Rookie'' |Toba |Taimako |Fim din |Eze Ugo Maduka |- |''Yankuna Biyu na tsabar kudi'' |Mai Hacking |Taimako |Jerin | - |- | rowspan="2" |2014 |''Lokaci na ƙarshe'' |Dauda |Lead |Jerin |[[Imoh Umoren]] |- |''Nazarin'' |Matashi |Taimako |Jerin |OLA |- | rowspan="5" |2015 |''[[Lekki Wives|Matan Lekki]]'' |Daraktan |Taimako |Jerin |Albarka da Egbe |- |''Ganin Cin amana'' |Miji |Lead |Gajeren fim |Baaj Adebule |- |''[[A Soldiers Story (fim na 2015)|Labarin Soja]]'' |Kyaftin Dave |Taimako |Fim din |Frankie Ogar |- |''[[Road to Yesterday (fim)|Hanyar zuwa jiya]]'' |Mai ba da abinci / Nurses |Taimako |Fim din |Ishaya Bako |- |''[[Shuga Naija|Shuga]]'' |Mai ba da abinci |Taimako |Jerin |Biyi Bamidele |- | rowspan="4" |2016 |''Batir Ba a haɗa su ba'' |Mutumin da ya faru |Lead |Gajeren fim |OluYomi Ososanya |- |''Hush'' |Adze |Lead |Telenovela |Vicor S. Tope O. & Pat |- |''Gwamna'' |Carl |Taimako |Jerin |Ema E. |- |''5 Ka yi'' |Segun |Lead |Jerin |OLA |- | rowspan="4" |2017 |''Ba a rufe shi ba'' |Godiya gaisuwa |Lead |Fim din |Daniel Oriahi |- |''Wadanda suka ɓace'' |Mai bincike Lazarus |Lead |Fim din |Seyi Babatope |- |''Abin sha'awa'' |Kevin |Taimako |Gajeren fim |Deolu Owu |- |''Kasancewa'' |Rashin Mata |Lead |Gajeren fim |Ayomide Adeleke |- | rowspan="12" |2018 |''Ƙananan Ƙungiyoyi'' |Tunde |Lead |SitCom |Sade Dada |- |''Armstrong'' |Dokta |Taimako |Gajeren fim |Fim din Maverick |- |''T.R.U.L.I.S.'' |Taiwo Mathews |Lead |Jerin |7 Jerin |- |''Ranar Biya&nbsp;&nbsp;'' |Bulus |Lead |Fim din |Lawrence Cheta |- |''Minti 30'' |Johnbull / JB |Taimako |Jerin |7 Jerin |- |''Magana'' |Miji |Lead |Gajeren fim |Amaka Sandra |- |''Jam'iyyar Bachelor'' |Abdul |Lead |Fim din |Seun Akinseloyin |- |''Ta hanyar Fast Lane'' |Yakubu |Lead |Jerin |Abiodun Williams |- |''Kungiyar'' |Tunde |Taimako |Fim din |Imoh Umoren |- |''Gidan Yaƙi'' |Adze Tsenogu |Lead |Telenovela |Yemi Filmboy Morafa |- |''[[The Men's Club (Nigerian web series)|Kungiyar Maza]]'' |Louis |Lead |Jerin Yanar Gizo |Tola Odunsi |- |''3 Bottles a kan tebur'' |Segun |Lead |Jirgin Sama |Baaj Adebule |- | rowspan="5" |2019 |''Ba daidai ba'' |Yahaya |Lead |Gajeren fim |Charles Obiemere |- |''Dabbar Cikinta'' |Stanley |Lead |Fim din |Daniel Oriahi |- |''Zena'' |Loik |Lead |Fim din |Daniel Oriahi |- |''Rust'' |Collins |Taimako |Fim din |Eseosa Adanihuomwan |- |''Kungiyar Maza Season 2'' |Louis |Lead |Jerin Yanar Gizo |Tola Odunsi |} Ba a sake shi ba {| class="wikitable" |Ranar harbi |Sunan |Halinsa |Matsayi |Fitarwa |Daraktan |- |2015 |''Eripa'' |Jeffery |Lead |Fim din |Kayode Adeleke |- | rowspan="3" |2018 |''Labarin Soja: Komawa Daga Matattu'' |Kyaftin Dave |Lead |Fim din |Frankie Ogar |- |''Kamfanin 3'' |Inuwa |Lead |SitCom |Paul Gaius |- |''Ayyuka'' |Mai bincike Steve |Taimako |Fim din |Omas |- | rowspan="8" |2019 |''Sabon Mutum'' |Sabon Mutum |Lead |Gajeren fim |Tolulope Ajayi |- |''Lemonade'' |Harry |Lead |Fim din |Mustapha Edochie |- |''Musayar Gaskiya'' |Joshua |Lead |Fim din |Abiodun Williams |- |''Scarlett'' |Frank |Taimako |Fim din |Eseosa Adanihuomwan |- |''Barin Tafiya'' |Maxwell |Lead |Fim din |Abiodun Williams |- |''Maple Inn'' |Ishaku |Taimako |Fim din |Seun Akinseloyin |- |''Moles'' |Kanmi |Lead |Fim din |Uche Chukwu |- |''Jerin Tarihin da ya ɓace'' |Mai bincike Lazarus |Lead |Ƙananan Jerin |Seyi Babatope |} == Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Bikin bayar da kyautar !Sashe !Fim din !Sakamakon !Ref |- |2017 |[[2017 Best of Nollywood Awards|Mafi Kyawun Kyautar Nollywood]] |Ru'ya ta Shekara - namiji|{{N/a}}|{{Nom}} | |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{IMDb name|7484900}} [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] j174vcak9ks72ihvi8q3d92fksrgd3m 826469 826467 2026-04-26T07:24:05Z Mahuta 11340 826469 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Baaj Adebule''' (an haife shi a ranar 25 ga Oktoban shekarar 1988) [[Ɗan wasa|ɗan wasan kwaikwayo]] ne na Najeriya, samfurin, kuma Mai shirya fim-finai daga [[Jihar Ogun]] a Kudu maso Yammacin Najeriya . <ref>{{Cite web |last=<!--Not stated--> |date=2021-01-17 |title=Nollywood / Baaj Adebule : "L’amour ne suffit pas pour faire fonctionner une relation" |url=https://l-frii.com/nollywood-baaj-adebule-lamour-ne-suffit-pas-pour-faire-fonctionner-une-relation/ |access-date=2021-08-11 |website=L-FRII |language=fr-FR}}</ref> Ya kuma fito a fina-finai na [[Nollywood]] tun shekarar 2012. Ya fara aikinsa a wasan kwaikwayo na M-Net ''[[Tinsel (TV series)|Tinsel]]'' kuma ya bayyana a fina-finai da jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin kamar su ''Hush'', The Men's Club, Payday, ''Zena'', Uncloaked, The Governor, The Missing, A Soldier's Story 1 & 2, ''Omo Wa'', Beast Within, da The ''Moles''.<sup class="mw-ref reference" mwnq="">Gwamna\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" title=\"Pulse Nigeria\">Pulse Nigeria<nowiki></a></nowiki><nowiki></i></nowiki>. 19 September 2016.<nowiki></cite></nowiki>"}}" id="cite_ref-5" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref">[./Baaj_Adebule#cite_note-5 <span class="mw-reflink-text"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket"><nowiki>]</nowiki></span></span>]</sup><ref>{{Cite web |title=Watch Payday Full Movie Online, Comedy Film |url=https://www.digit.in/digit-binge/movies/payday-743855.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210811143258/https://www.digit.in/digit-binge/movies/payday-743855.html |archive-date=2021-08-11 |access-date=2021-08-11 |website=www.digit.in |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=April 13, 2015 |title=I’ve always had passion for arts – Baaj Adebule |url=https://www.thenicheng.com/ive-always-had-passion-for-arts-baaj-adebule/}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An kuma haifi Adebule a asibitin Jalupon da ke Surulere, [[Lagos (jiha)|Legas]]. Ya shafe mafi yawan lokacin yaro a Maryland Legas, inda ya halarci makarantar firamare ta Seat of Wisdom da makarantar sakandare ta Caleb. Ya koma Surulere bayan kisan aurensa a shekara ta 2005. Adebule dan asalin [[Yarbawa|Yoruba]] ne kuma ɗan asalin yankin karamar hukumar [[Ijebu Ode]] ne na [[Kwalejin Fasahar Lafiya ta Jihar Ogun|Jihar Ogun]] . An haife shi a gidan [[Kirista]]. Mahaifinsa injiniya ne kuma mahaifiyarsa mai lissafi da kuma dan kasuwa. Shi ne ƙarami a cikin yara tara daga aure da yawa.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Biography – Baaj Adebule |url=https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 |access-date=2020-09-18 |language=en-US}}</ref> Shekaru na makaranta sun mayar da hankali ga ilimi, yayin da iyayensa suka jaddada muhimmancin ilimi na yau da kullun. Yayinda yake ƙarami, ya mai da hankali kan wasanni da zane-zane, wasan ƙwallon ƙafa, kwando, badminton, wasan tennis na tebur, da waƙa. A cikin tarihin rayuwarsa, Adebule ya bayyana cewa ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta coci tun yana ƙarami da kuma memba na ƙungiyar fasaha ta makarantarsa. Adebule an fi saninsa da ƙaunar fina-finai, wanda ya mai da hankali kan bayan kisan iyayensa. A shekara ta 2005, Adebule ya fara halartar [[Jami'ar Covenant University|Jami'ar Alkawari]] a [[Jihar Ogun]] don nazarin tattalin arziki. Ya kammala karatu tare da aji na biyu a shekara ta 2009. Bayan kammala karatunsa, ya shiga cikin zane-zane da wasanni. Ya yi aiki a Multi Choice kusan kusan shekaru biyu kafin ya bar don mayar da hankali kan nishaɗi.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Biography – Baaj Adebule |url=https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 |access-date=2020-09-18 |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 "Biography – Baaj Adebule"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> == Ayyuka == Adebule ya fara aikinsa na wasan kwaikwayo da kuma samfurin a cikin 2010 yayin da yake aiki a cikin aiki tara zuwa biyar. Zai je don sauraro da hotuna a lokacinsa na kyauta. Daga bisani ya sami karamin aiki a kan telenovela ''[[Tinsel (TV series)|Tinsel]]'' . Tare da goyon bayan abokansa da danginsa, ya kasance mai takara a gasar Mista Najeriya ta 2011, inda ya zo na 4. A shekara ta 2012, ya fara yin wasan kwaikwayo da kuma yin samfurin cikakken lokaci.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Biography – Baaj Adebule |url=https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 |access-date=2020-09-18 |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 "Biography – Baaj Adebule"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Adebule ya sami jefa a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin da yawa, gami da Asirin da Scandals, ''Iyali Mai Farin Ciki'', yana aiki tare da 'yan wasan kwaikwayo kamar Sola Sobowale, Victor Olaotan da sauransu. A shekara ta 2014, Adebule ta fito a fina-finai da jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin irin su Four Crooks da ''Rookie'', Deadline, Studio, da Lekki Wives . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Biography – Baaj Adebule |url=https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 |access-date=2020-09-18 |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 "Biography – Baaj Adebule"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Ya fara fitowa na farko a cikin fim din A Soldier's Story, da kuma Road to Yesterday. Har ila yau a wannan shekarar, ya ƙaddamar da kamfanin samar da House of Baaj Pictures . Shirinsa na farko shi ne Seeing Betrayal, wanda ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarni ya ci gaba da lashe mafi kyawun gajeren fim a Afirka 2015 a Zafaa Global Awards . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Biography – Baaj Adebule |url=https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 |access-date=2020-09-18 |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 "Biography – Baaj Adebule"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Adebule ta fito a cikin ''Hush'', tana nuna Adze . Ya fito a cikin shirye-shirye kamar 5ive, The Governor, Uncloaked, The Missing, Payday, da Battleground Showdown . == Hotunan fina-finai == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Sunan !Halinsa !Matsayi !Fitarwa !Daraktan |- | rowspan="3" |2012 |''[[Tinsel (TV series)|Tinsel]]'' |Javier |Taimako |Telenovela |Mnet |- |''Asirin da abin kunya'' |Victor |Lead |Jerin |Elvis Chuwks |- |''Iyali Mai Farin Ciki'' |Chris |Taimako |Jerin |Elvis Chuwks |- | rowspan="2" |2013 |''<nowiki/>'Yan wasa huɗu da Rookie'' |Toba |Taimako |Fim din |Eze Ugo Maduka |- |''Yankuna Biyu na tsabar kudi'' |Mai Hacking |Taimako |Jerin | - |- | rowspan="2" |2014 |''Lokaci na ƙarshe'' |Dauda |Lead |Jerin |[[Imoh Umoren]] |- |''Nazarin'' |Matashi |Taimako |Jerin |OLA |- | rowspan="5" |2015 |''[[Lekki Wives|Matan Lekki]]'' |Daraktan |Taimako |Jerin |Albarka da Egbe |- |''Ganin Cin amana'' |Miji |Lead |Gajeren fim |Baaj Adebule |- |''[[A Soldiers Story (fim na 2015)|Labarin Soja]]'' |Kyaftin Dave |Taimako |Fim din |Frankie Ogar |- |''[[Road to Yesterday (fim)|Hanyar zuwa jiya]]'' |Mai ba da abinci / Nurses |Taimako |Fim din |Ishaya Bako |- |''[[Shuga Naija|Shuga]]'' |Mai ba da abinci |Taimako |Jerin |Biyi Bamidele |- | rowspan="4" |2016 |''Batir Ba a haɗa su ba'' |Mutumin da ya faru |Lead |Gajeren fim |OluYomi Ososanya |- |''Hush'' |Adze |Lead |Telenovela |Vicor S. Tope O. & Pat |- |''Gwamna'' |Carl |Taimako |Jerin |Ema E. |- |''5 Ka yi'' |Segun |Lead |Jerin |OLA |- | rowspan="4" |2017 |''Ba a rufe shi ba'' |Godiya gaisuwa |Lead |Fim din |Daniel Oriahi |- |''Wadanda suka ɓace'' |Mai bincike Lazarus |Lead |Fim din |Seyi Babatope |- |''Abin sha'awa'' |Kevin |Taimako |Gajeren fim |Deolu Owu |- |''Kasancewa'' |Rashin Mata |Lead |Gajeren fim |Ayomide Adeleke |- | rowspan="12" |2018 |''Ƙananan Ƙungiyoyi'' |Tunde |Lead |SitCom |Sade Dada |- |''Armstrong'' |Dokta |Taimako |Gajeren fim |Fim din Maverick |- |''T.R.U.L.I.S.'' |Taiwo Mathews |Lead |Jerin |7 Jerin |- |''Ranar Biya&nbsp;&nbsp;'' |Bulus |Lead |Fim din |Lawrence Cheta |- |''Minti 30'' |Johnbull / JB |Taimako |Jerin |7 Jerin |- |''Magana'' |Miji |Lead |Gajeren fim |Amaka Sandra |- |''Jam'iyyar Bachelor'' |Abdul |Lead |Fim din |Seun Akinseloyin |- |''Ta hanyar Fast Lane'' |Yakubu |Lead |Jerin |Abiodun Williams |- |''Kungiyar'' |Tunde |Taimako |Fim din |Imoh Umoren |- |''Gidan Yaƙi'' |Adze Tsenogu |Lead |Telenovela |Yemi Filmboy Morafa |- |''[[The Men's Club (Nigerian web series)|Kungiyar Maza]]'' |Louis |Lead |Jerin Yanar Gizo |Tola Odunsi |- |''3 Bottles a kan tebur'' |Segun |Lead |Jirgin Sama |Baaj Adebule |- | rowspan="5" |2019 |''Ba daidai ba'' |Yahaya |Lead |Gajeren fim |Charles Obiemere |- |''Dabbar Cikinta'' |Stanley |Lead |Fim din |Daniel Oriahi |- |''Zena'' |Loik |Lead |Fim din |Daniel Oriahi |- |''Rust'' |Collins |Taimako |Fim din |Eseosa Adanihuomwan |- |''Kungiyar Maza Season 2'' |Louis |Lead |Jerin Yanar Gizo |Tola Odunsi |} Ba a sake shi ba {| class="wikitable" |Ranar harbi |Sunan |Halinsa |Matsayi |Fitarwa |Daraktan |- |2015 |''Eripa'' |Jeffery |Lead |Fim din |Kayode Adeleke |- | rowspan="3" |2018 |''Labarin Soja: Komawa Daga Matattu'' |Kyaftin Dave |Lead |Fim din |Frankie Ogar |- |''Kamfanin 3'' |Inuwa |Lead |SitCom |Paul Gaius |- |''Ayyuka'' |Mai bincike Steve |Taimako |Fim din |Omas |- | rowspan="8" |2019 |''Sabon Mutum'' |Sabon Mutum |Lead |Gajeren fim |Tolulope Ajayi |- |''Lemonade'' |Harry |Lead |Fim din |Mustapha Edochie |- |''Musayar Gaskiya'' |Joshua |Lead |Fim din |Abiodun Williams |- |''Scarlett'' |Frank |Taimako |Fim din |Eseosa Adanihuomwan |- |''Barin Tafiya'' |Maxwell |Lead |Fim din |Abiodun Williams |- |''Maple Inn'' |Ishaku |Taimako |Fim din |Seun Akinseloyin |- |''Moles'' |Kanmi |Lead |Fim din |Uche Chukwu |- |''Jerin Tarihin da ya ɓace'' |Mai bincike Lazarus |Lead |Ƙananan Jerin |Seyi Babatope |} == Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Bikin bayar da kyautar !Sashe !Fim din !Sakamakon !Ref |- |2017 |[[2017 Best of Nollywood Awards|Mafi Kyawun Kyautar Nollywood]] |Ru'ya ta Shekara - namiji|{{N/a}}|{{Nom}} | |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{IMDb name|7484900}} [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] q2z8iek6n233bsgmvuf1zncbk1kcmmh 826471 826469 2026-04-26T07:24:33Z Mahuta 11340 826471 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Baaj Adebule''' (an haife shi a ranar 25 ga Oktoban shekarar 1988) [[Ɗan wasa|ɗan wasan kwaikwayo]] ne na Najeriya, samfurin, kuma Mai shirya fim-finai daga [[Jihar Ogun]] a Kudu maso Yammacin Najeriya . <ref>{{Cite web |last=<!--Not stated--> |date=2021-01-17 |title=Nollywood / Baaj Adebule : "L’amour ne suffit pas pour faire fonctionner une relation" |url=https://l-frii.com/nollywood-baaj-adebule-lamour-ne-suffit-pas-pour-faire-fonctionner-une-relation/ |access-date=2021-08-11 |website=L-FRII |language=fr-FR}}</ref> Ya kuma fito a fina-finai na [[Nollywood]] tun shekarar 2012. Ya fara aikinsa a wasan kwaikwayo na M-Net ''[[Tinsel (TV series)|Tinsel]]'' kuma ya bayyana a fina-finai da jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin kamar su ''Hush'', The Men's Club, Payday, ''Zena'', Uncloaked, The Governor, The Missing, A Soldier's Story 1 & 2, ''Omo Wa'', Beast Within, da The ''Moles''.<sup class="mw-ref reference" mwnq="">Gwamna\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" title=\"Pulse Nigeria\">Pulse Nigeria<nowiki></a></nowiki><nowiki></i></nowiki>. 19 September 2016.<nowiki></cite></nowiki>"}}" id="cite_ref-5" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref">[./Baaj_Adebule#cite_note-5 <span class="mw-reflink-text"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket"><nowiki>]</nowiki></span></span>]</sup><ref>{{Cite web |title=Watch Payday Full Movie Online, Comedy Film |url=https://www.digit.in/digit-binge/movies/payday-743855.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210811143258/https://www.digit.in/digit-binge/movies/payday-743855.html |archive-date=2021-08-11 |access-date=2021-08-11 |website=www.digit.in |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=April 13, 2015 |title=I’ve always had passion for arts – Baaj Adebule |url=https://www.thenicheng.com/ive-always-had-passion-for-arts-baaj-adebule/}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An kuma haifi Adebule a asibitin Jalupon da ke Surulere, [[Lagos (jiha)|Legas]]. Ya shafe mafi yawan lokacin yaro a Maryland Legas, inda ya halarci makarantar firamare ta Seat of Wisdom da makarantar sakandare ta Caleb. Ya koma Surulere bayan kisan aurensa a shekara ta 2005. Adebule dan asalin [[Yarbawa|Yoruba]] ne kuma ɗan asalin yankin karamar hukumar [[Ijebu Ode]] ne na [[Kwalejin Fasahar Lafiya ta Jihar Ogun|Jihar Ogun]] . An haife shi a gidan [[Kirista]]. Mahaifinsa injiniya ne kuma mahaifiyarsa mai lissafi da kuma dan kasuwa. Shi ne ƙarami a cikin yara tara daga aure da yawa.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Biography – Baaj Adebule |url=https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 |access-date=2020-09-18 |language=en-US}}</ref> Shekaru na makaranta sun mayar da hankali ga ilimi, yayin da iyayensa suka jaddada muhimmancin ilimi na yau da kullun. Yayinda yake ƙarami, ya mai da hankali kan wasanni da zane-zane, wasan ƙwallon ƙafa, kwando, badminton, wasan tennis na tebur, da waƙa. A cikin tarihin rayuwarsa, Adebule ya bayyana cewa ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta coci tun yana ƙarami da kuma memba na ƙungiyar fasaha ta makarantarsa. Adebule an fi saninsa da ƙaunar fina-finai, wanda ya mai da hankali kan bayan kisan iyayensa. A shekara ta 2005, Adebule ya fara halartar [[Jami'ar Covenant University|Jami'ar Alkawari]] a [[Jihar Ogun]] don nazarin tattalin arziki. Ya kammala karatu tare da aji na biyu a shekara ta 2009. Bayan kammala karatunsa, ya shiga cikin zane-zane da wasanni. Ya yi aiki a Multi Choice kusan kusan shekaru biyu kafin ya bar don mayar da hankali kan nishaɗi.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Biography – Baaj Adebule |url=https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 |access-date=2020-09-18 |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 "Biography – Baaj Adebule"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> == Ayyuka == Adebule ya fara aikinsa na wasan kwaikwayo da kuma samfurin a cikin shekarar 2010 yayin da yake aiki a cikin aiki tara zuwa biyar. Zai je don sauraro da hotuna a lokacinsa na kyauta. Daga bisani ya sami karamin aiki a kan telenovela ''[[Tinsel (TV series)|Tinsel]]'' . Tare da goyon bayan abokansa da danginsa, ya kasance mai takara a gasar Mista Najeriya ta 2011, inda ya zo na 4. A shekara ta 2012, ya fara yin wasan kwaikwayo da kuma yin samfurin cikakken lokaci.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Biography – Baaj Adebule |url=https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 |access-date=2020-09-18 |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 "Biography – Baaj Adebule"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Adebule ya sami jefa a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin da yawa, gami da Asirin da Scandals, ''Iyali Mai Farin Ciki'', yana aiki tare da 'yan wasan kwaikwayo kamar Sola Sobowale, Victor Olaotan da sauransu. A shekara ta 2014, Adebule ta fito a fina-finai da jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin irin su Four Crooks da ''Rookie'', Deadline, Studio, da Lekki Wives . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Biography – Baaj Adebule |url=https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 |access-date=2020-09-18 |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 "Biography – Baaj Adebule"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Ya fara fitowa na farko a cikin fim din A Soldier's Story, da kuma Road to Yesterday. Har ila yau a wannan shekarar, ya ƙaddamar da kamfanin samar da House of Baaj Pictures . Shirinsa na farko shi ne Seeing Betrayal, wanda ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarni ya ci gaba da lashe mafi kyawun gajeren fim a Afirka 2015 a Zafaa Global Awards . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Biography – Baaj Adebule |url=https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 |access-date=2020-09-18 |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 "Biography – Baaj Adebule"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Adebule ta fito a cikin ''Hush'', tana nuna Adze . Ya fito a cikin shirye-shirye kamar 5ive, The Governor, Uncloaked, The Missing, Payday, da Battleground Showdown . == Hotunan fina-finai == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Sunan !Halinsa !Matsayi !Fitarwa !Daraktan |- | rowspan="3" |2012 |''[[Tinsel (TV series)|Tinsel]]'' |Javier |Taimako |Telenovela |Mnet |- |''Asirin da abin kunya'' |Victor |Lead |Jerin |Elvis Chuwks |- |''Iyali Mai Farin Ciki'' |Chris |Taimako |Jerin |Elvis Chuwks |- | rowspan="2" |2013 |''<nowiki/>'Yan wasa huɗu da Rookie'' |Toba |Taimako |Fim din |Eze Ugo Maduka |- |''Yankuna Biyu na tsabar kudi'' |Mai Hacking |Taimako |Jerin | - |- | rowspan="2" |2014 |''Lokaci na ƙarshe'' |Dauda |Lead |Jerin |[[Imoh Umoren]] |- |''Nazarin'' |Matashi |Taimako |Jerin |OLA |- | rowspan="5" |2015 |''[[Lekki Wives|Matan Lekki]]'' |Daraktan |Taimako |Jerin |Albarka da Egbe |- |''Ganin Cin amana'' |Miji |Lead |Gajeren fim |Baaj Adebule |- |''[[A Soldiers Story (fim na 2015)|Labarin Soja]]'' |Kyaftin Dave |Taimako |Fim din |Frankie Ogar |- |''[[Road to Yesterday (fim)|Hanyar zuwa jiya]]'' |Mai ba da abinci / Nurses |Taimako |Fim din |Ishaya Bako |- |''[[Shuga Naija|Shuga]]'' |Mai ba da abinci |Taimako |Jerin |Biyi Bamidele |- | rowspan="4" |2016 |''Batir Ba a haɗa su ba'' |Mutumin da ya faru |Lead |Gajeren fim |OluYomi Ososanya |- |''Hush'' |Adze |Lead |Telenovela |Vicor S. Tope O. & Pat |- |''Gwamna'' |Carl |Taimako |Jerin |Ema E. |- |''5 Ka yi'' |Segun |Lead |Jerin |OLA |- | rowspan="4" |2017 |''Ba a rufe shi ba'' |Godiya gaisuwa |Lead |Fim din |Daniel Oriahi |- |''Wadanda suka ɓace'' |Mai bincike Lazarus |Lead |Fim din |Seyi Babatope |- |''Abin sha'awa'' |Kevin |Taimako |Gajeren fim |Deolu Owu |- |''Kasancewa'' |Rashin Mata |Lead |Gajeren fim |Ayomide Adeleke |- | rowspan="12" |2018 |''Ƙananan Ƙungiyoyi'' |Tunde |Lead |SitCom |Sade Dada |- |''Armstrong'' |Dokta |Taimako |Gajeren fim |Fim din Maverick |- |''T.R.U.L.I.S.'' |Taiwo Mathews |Lead |Jerin |7 Jerin |- |''Ranar Biya&nbsp;&nbsp;'' |Bulus |Lead |Fim din |Lawrence Cheta |- |''Minti 30'' |Johnbull / JB |Taimako |Jerin |7 Jerin |- |''Magana'' |Miji |Lead |Gajeren fim |Amaka Sandra |- |''Jam'iyyar Bachelor'' |Abdul |Lead |Fim din |Seun Akinseloyin |- |''Ta hanyar Fast Lane'' |Yakubu |Lead |Jerin |Abiodun Williams |- |''Kungiyar'' |Tunde |Taimako |Fim din |Imoh Umoren |- |''Gidan Yaƙi'' |Adze Tsenogu |Lead |Telenovela |Yemi Filmboy Morafa |- |''[[The Men's Club (Nigerian web series)|Kungiyar Maza]]'' |Louis |Lead |Jerin Yanar Gizo |Tola Odunsi |- |''3 Bottles a kan tebur'' |Segun |Lead |Jirgin Sama |Baaj Adebule |- | rowspan="5" |2019 |''Ba daidai ba'' |Yahaya |Lead |Gajeren fim |Charles Obiemere |- |''Dabbar Cikinta'' |Stanley |Lead |Fim din |Daniel Oriahi |- |''Zena'' |Loik |Lead |Fim din |Daniel Oriahi |- |''Rust'' |Collins |Taimako |Fim din |Eseosa Adanihuomwan |- |''Kungiyar Maza Season 2'' |Louis |Lead |Jerin Yanar Gizo |Tola Odunsi |} Ba a sake shi ba {| class="wikitable" |Ranar harbi |Sunan |Halinsa |Matsayi |Fitarwa |Daraktan |- |2015 |''Eripa'' |Jeffery |Lead |Fim din |Kayode Adeleke |- | rowspan="3" |2018 |''Labarin Soja: Komawa Daga Matattu'' |Kyaftin Dave |Lead |Fim din |Frankie Ogar |- |''Kamfanin 3'' |Inuwa |Lead |SitCom |Paul Gaius |- |''Ayyuka'' |Mai bincike Steve |Taimako |Fim din |Omas |- | rowspan="8" |2019 |''Sabon Mutum'' |Sabon Mutum |Lead |Gajeren fim |Tolulope Ajayi |- |''Lemonade'' |Harry |Lead |Fim din |Mustapha Edochie |- |''Musayar Gaskiya'' |Joshua |Lead |Fim din |Abiodun Williams |- |''Scarlett'' |Frank |Taimako |Fim din |Eseosa Adanihuomwan |- |''Barin Tafiya'' |Maxwell |Lead |Fim din |Abiodun Williams |- |''Maple Inn'' |Ishaku |Taimako |Fim din |Seun Akinseloyin |- |''Moles'' |Kanmi |Lead |Fim din |Uche Chukwu |- |''Jerin Tarihin da ya ɓace'' |Mai bincike Lazarus |Lead |Ƙananan Jerin |Seyi Babatope |} == Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Bikin bayar da kyautar !Sashe !Fim din !Sakamakon !Ref |- |2017 |[[2017 Best of Nollywood Awards|Mafi Kyawun Kyautar Nollywood]] |Ru'ya ta Shekara - namiji|{{N/a}}|{{Nom}} | |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{IMDb name|7484900}} [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] dlwymggiunpd9657ccyi5wrvrr2m5kw 826476 826471 2026-04-26T07:25:51Z Mahuta 11340 826476 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Baaj Adebule''' (an haife shi a ranar 25 ga Oktoban shekarar 1988) [[Ɗan wasa|ɗan wasan kwaikwayo]] ne na Najeriya, samfurin, kuma Mai shirya fim-finai daga [[Jihar Ogun]] a Kudu maso Yammacin Najeriya . <ref>{{Cite web |last=<!--Not stated--> |date=2021-01-17 |title=Nollywood / Baaj Adebule : "L’amour ne suffit pas pour faire fonctionner une relation" |url=https://l-frii.com/nollywood-baaj-adebule-lamour-ne-suffit-pas-pour-faire-fonctionner-une-relation/ |access-date=2021-08-11 |website=L-FRII |language=fr-FR}}</ref> Ya kuma fito a fina-finai na [[Nollywood]] tun shekarar 2012. Ya fara aikinsa a wasan kwaikwayo na M-Net ''[[Tinsel (TV series)|Tinsel]]'' kuma ya bayyana a fina-finai da jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin kamar su ''Hush'', The Men's Club, Payday, ''Zena'', Uncloaked, The Governor, The Missing, A Soldier's Story 1 & 2, ''Omo Wa'', Beast Within, da The ''Moles''.<sup class="mw-ref reference" mwnq="">Gwamna\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" title=\"Pulse Nigeria\">Pulse Nigeria<nowiki></a></nowiki><nowiki></i></nowiki>. 19 September 2016.<nowiki></cite></nowiki>"}}" id="cite_ref-5" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref">[./Baaj_Adebule#cite_note-5 <span class="mw-reflink-text"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket"><nowiki>]</nowiki></span></span>]</sup><ref>{{Cite web |title=Watch Payday Full Movie Online, Comedy Film |url=https://www.digit.in/digit-binge/movies/payday-743855.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210811143258/https://www.digit.in/digit-binge/movies/payday-743855.html |archive-date=2021-08-11 |access-date=2021-08-11 |website=www.digit.in |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=April 13, 2015 |title=I’ve always had passion for arts – Baaj Adebule |url=https://www.thenicheng.com/ive-always-had-passion-for-arts-baaj-adebule/}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An kuma haifi Adebule a asibitin Jalupon da ke Surulere, [[Lagos (jiha)|Legas]]. Ya shafe mafi yawan lokacin yaro a Maryland Legas, inda ya halarci makarantar firamare ta Seat of Wisdom da makarantar sakandare ta Caleb. Ya koma Surulere bayan kisan aurensa a shekara ta 2005. Adebule dan asalin [[Yarbawa|Yoruba]] ne kuma ɗan asalin yankin karamar hukumar [[Ijebu Ode]] ne na [[Kwalejin Fasahar Lafiya ta Jihar Ogun|Jihar Ogun]] . An haife shi a gidan [[Kirista]]. Mahaifinsa injiniya ne kuma mahaifiyarsa mai lissafi da kuma dan kasuwa. Shi ne ƙarami a cikin yara tara daga aure da yawa.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Biography – Baaj Adebule |url=https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 |access-date=2020-09-18 |language=en-US}}</ref> Shekaru na makaranta sun mayar da hankali ga ilimi, yayin da iyayensa suka jaddada muhimmancin ilimi na yau da kullun. Yayinda yake ƙarami, ya mai da hankali kan wasanni da zane-zane, wasan ƙwallon ƙafa, kwando, badminton, wasan tennis na tebur, da waƙa. A cikin tarihin rayuwarsa, Adebule ya bayyana cewa ya kasance memba na ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta coci tun yana ƙarami da kuma memba na ƙungiyar fasaha ta makarantarsa. Adebule an fi saninsa da ƙaunar fina-finai, wanda ya mai da hankali kan bayan kisan iyayensa. A shekara ta 2005, Adebule ya fara halartar [[Jami'ar Covenant University|Jami'ar Alkawari]] a [[Jihar Ogun]] don nazarin tattalin arziki. Ya kammala karatu tare da aji na biyu a shekara ta 2009. Bayan kammala karatunsa, ya shiga cikin zane-zane da wasanni. Ya yi aiki a Multi Choice kusan kusan shekaru biyu kafin ya bar don mayar da hankali kan nishaɗi.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Biography – Baaj Adebule |url=https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 |access-date=2020-09-18 |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 "Biography – Baaj Adebule"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> == Ayyuka == Adebule ya fara aikinsa na wasan kwaikwayo da kuma samfurin a cikin shekarar 2010 yayin da yake aiki a cikin aiki tara zuwa biyar. Zai je don sauraro da hotuna a lokacinsa na kyauta. Daga bisani ya sami karamin aiki a kan telenovela ''[[Tinsel (TV series)|Tinsel]]'' . Tare da goyon bayan abokansa da danginsa, ya kasance mai takara a gasar Mista Najeriya ta 2011, inda ya zo na 4. A shekara ta 2012, ya fara yin wasan kwaikwayo da kuma yin samfurin cikakken lokaci.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Biography – Baaj Adebule |url=https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 |access-date=2020-09-18 |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 "Biography – Baaj Adebule"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Adebule ya sami jefa a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin da yawa, gami da Asirin da Scandals, ''Iyali Mai Farin Ciki'', yana aiki tare da 'yan wasan kwaikwayo kamar Sola Sobowale, Victor Olaotan da sauransu. A shekara ta 2014, Adebule ta fito a fina-finai da jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin irin su Four Crooks da ''Rookie'', Deadline, Studio, da Lekki Wives . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Biography – Baaj Adebule |url=https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 |access-date=2020-09-18 |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 "Biography – Baaj Adebule"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Ya fara fitowa na farko a cikin fim din A Soldier's Story, da kuma Road to Yesterday. Har ila yau a wannan shekarar, ya ƙaddamar da kamfanin samar da House of Baaj Pictures . Shirinsa na farko shi ne Seeing Betrayal, wanda ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarni ya ci gaba da lashe mafi kyawun gajeren fim a Afirka 2015 a Zafaa Global Awards . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Biography – Baaj Adebule |url=https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 |access-date=2020-09-18 |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://baajadebule.com/?page_id=26 "Biography – Baaj Adebule"]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Adebule ta fito a cikin ''Hush'', tana nuna Adze . Ya fito a cikin shirye-shirye kamar 5ive, The Governor, Uncloaked, The Missing, Payday, da Battleground Showdown . == Hotunan fina-finai == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Sunan !Halinsa !Matsayi !Fitarwa !Daraktan |- | rowspan="3" |2012 |''[[Tinsel (TV series)|Tinsel]]'' |Javier |Taimako |Telenovela |Mnet |- |''Asirin da abin kunya'' |Victor |Lead |Jerin |Elvis Chuwks |- |''Iyali Mai Farin Ciki'' |Chris |Taimako |Jerin |Elvis Chuwks |- | rowspan="2" |2013 |''<nowiki/>'Yan wasa huɗu da Rookie'' |Toba |Taimako |Fim din |Eze Ugo Maduka |- |''Yankuna Biyu na tsabar kudi'' |Mai Hacking |Taimako |Jerin | - |- | rowspan="2" |2014 |''Lokaci na ƙarshe'' |Dauda |Lead |Jerin |[[Imoh Umoren]] |- |''Nazarin'' |Matashi |Taimako |Jerin |OLA |- | rowspan="5" |2015 |''[[Lekki Wives|Matan Lekki]]'' |Daraktan |Taimako |Jerin |Albarka da Egbe |- |''Ganin Cin amana'' |Miji |Lead |Gajeren fim |Baaj Adebule |- |''[[A Soldiers Story (fim na 2015)|Labarin Soja]]'' |Kyaftin Dave |Taimako |Fim din |Frankie Ogar |- |''[[Road to Yesterday (fim)|Hanyar zuwa jiya]]'' |Mai ba da abinci / Nurses |Taimako |Fim din |Ishaya Bako |- |''[[Shuga Naija|Shuga]]'' |Mai ba da abinci |Taimako |Jerin |Biyi Bamidele |- | rowspan="4" |2016 |''Batir Ba a haɗa su ba'' |Mutumin da ya faru |Lead |Gajeren fim |OluYomi Ososanya |- |''Hush'' |Adze |Lead |Telenovela |Vicor S. Tope O. & Pat |- |''Gwamna'' |Carl |Taimako |Jerin |Ema E. |- |''5 Ka yi'' |Segun |Lead |Jerin |OLA |- | rowspan="4" |2017 |''Ba a rufe shi ba'' |Godiya gaisuwa |Lead |Fim din |Daniel Oriahi |- |''Wadanda suka ɓace'' |Mai bincike Lazarus |Lead |Fim din |Seyi Babatope |- |''Abin sha'awa'' |Kevin |Taimako |Gajeren fim |Deolu Owu |- |''Kasancewa'' |Rashin Mata |Lead |Gajeren fim |Ayomide Adeleke |- | rowspan="12" |2018 |''Ƙananan Ƙungiyoyi'' |Tunde |Lead |SitCom |Sade Dada |- |''Armstrong'' |Dokta |Taimako |Gajeren fim |Fim din Maverick |- |''T.R.U.L.I.S.'' |Taiwo Mathews |Lead |Jerin |7 Jerin |- |''Ranar Biya&nbsp;&nbsp;'' |Bulus |Lead |Fim din |Lawrence Cheta |- |''Minti 30'' |Johnbull / JB |Taimako |Jerin |7 Jerin |- |''Magana'' |Miji |Lead |Gajeren fim |Amaka Sandra |- |''Jam'iyyar Bachelor'' |Abdul |Lead |Fim din |Seun Akinseloyin |- |''Ta hanyar Fast Lane'' |Yakubu |Lead |Jerin |Abiodun Williams |- |''Kungiyar'' |Tunde |Taimako |Fim din |Imoh Umoren |- |''Gidan Yaƙi'' |Adze Tsenogu |Lead |Telenovela |Yemi Filmboy Morafa |- |''[[The Men's Club (Nigerian web series)|Kungiyar Maza]]'' |Louis |Lead |Jerin Yanar Gizo |Tola Odunsi |- |''3 Bottles a kan tebur'' |Segun |Lead |Jirgin Sama |Baaj Adebule |- | rowspan="5" |2019 |''Ba daidai ba'' |Yahaya |Lead |Gajeren fim |Charles Obiemere |- |''Dabbar Cikinta'' |Stanley |Lead |Fim din |Daniel Oriahi |- |''Zena'' |Loik |Lead |Fim din |Daniel Oriahi |- |''Rust'' |Collins |Taimako |Fim din |Eseosa Adanihuomwan |- |''Kungiyar Maza Season 2'' |Louis |Lead |Jerin Yanar Gizo |Tola Odunsi |} Ba a sake shi ba {| class="wikitable" |Ranar harbi |Sunan |Halinsa |Matsayi |Fitarwa |Daraktan |- |2015 |''Eripa'' |Jeffery |Lead |Fim din |Kayode Adeleke |- | rowspan="3" |2018 |''Labarin Soja: Komawa Daga Matattu'' |Kyaftin Dave |Lead |Fim din |Frankie Ogar |- |''Kamfanin 3'' |Inuwa |Lead |SitCom |Paul Gaius |- |''Ayyuka'' |Mai bincike Steve |Taimako |Fim din |Omas |- | rowspan="8" |2019 |''Sabon Mutum'' |Sabon Mutum |Lead |Gajeren fim |Tolulope Ajayi |- |''Lemonade'' |Harry |Lead |Fim din |Mustapha Edochie |- |''Musayar Gaskiya'' |Joshua |Lead |Fim din |Abiodun Williams |- |''Scarlett'' |Frank |Taimako |Fim din |Eseosa Adanihuomwan |- |''Barin Tafiya'' |Maxwell |Lead |Fim din |Abiodun Williams |- |''Maple Inn'' |Ishaku |Taimako |Fim din |Seun Akinseloyin |- |''Moles'' |Kanmi |Lead |Fim din |Uche Chukwu |- |''Jerin Tarihin da ya ɓace'' |Mai bincike Lazarus |Lead |Ƙananan Jerin |Seyi Babatope |} == Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Bikin bayar da kyautar !Sashe !Fim din !Sakamakon !Ref |- |2017 |[[2017 Best of Nollywood Awards|Mafi Kyawun Kyautar Nollywood]] |Ru'ya ta Shekara - namiji|{{N/a}}|{{Nom}} | |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{IMDb name|7484900}} [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 7vww92qe6sujc3y209kpqtvztleewki 0 27051 826262 723505 2026-04-25T15:07:28Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826262 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[File:SARS-CoV-2_without_background.png |thumb| Samfurin kwayar cutar corona]] [[File:Afectos_en_pandemia.jpg|thumb|300x300px| "Afectos en pandemia," na Hilda Chaulot]] Magana game da '''cutar ta COVID-19 a cikin sanannun al'adun''' sun fara ne yayin da cutar ke ci gaba da gudana. Duk da mummunan tasirin cutar ta COVID-19, ta haɗu da mutane ta nishaɗi waɗanda ke sauƙaƙe haɓaka da [[haɓaka]] al'adun pop. Cuta ce [[wacce]] ta halakar da daruruwan mutane a cikin lokaci mafi kankanta a tarihin duniya. == Fage da jigogi == Cutar kwalara ta Korona (Covid-19) ta mamaye duniya a farkon watannin shekarar ta 2020, wanda ya haifar da rugujewar tattalin arziki da zamantakewa, wanda ke gudana har zuwa November 2021 Baya ga ita kanta cutar, yawancin jama'a sun yi fama da kulle-kulle, karancin abinci da gajiyawar annoba. Wannan Kuma ya sanya zamanin annoba ya zama lokacin damuwa na musamman.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://greatergood.berkeley.edu/article/item/seven_ways_the_pandemic_is_affecting_our_mental_health|title=Seven Ways the Pandemic Is Affecting Our Mental Health|last=Newman|first=Kira M.|date=2020-08-11|website=greatergood.berkeley.edu|publisher=Greater Good|access-date=2020-12-19|quote="In late March, nearly 3,500 people were surveyed in Spain, when the country ranked second in the world in COVID-19 deaths. Many people met the criteria for clinical mental health problems: 19 percent for depression, almost a quarter for anxiety, and 16 percent for PTSD. Within a week after Slovenia declared an epidemic, over half of the thousands of people surveyed had high stress levels. In April, 14 percent of Americans were experiencing serious psychological distress, more than triple the rate in 2018."}}</ref> Barkewar cutar ta kori wasu mutane don neman tsira cikin lumana a kafafen yada labarai, amma wasu zuwa ga annoba ta almara (watau aljanu apocalypses ) a matsayin wani nau'in tserewa.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-04-13/why-we-read-pandemic-stories-in-a-pandemic/12138290|title=COVID-19 will shape pop culture for years to come, but for now we love pandemic stories|last=Nobel|first=Emma|date=2020-04-13|website=abc.net.au|publisher=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]]|access-date=2020-12-18|quote="Fictitious stories about pandemics give us a way to experience the horror in a controlled way, with the pacing we've grown to expect, where resolution is always possible, and where we can always turn off the TV if it gets a bit too much."}}</ref> Jigogi sun haɗa da yaduwa, keɓewa da asarar sarrafawa.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://time.com/5891305/horror-movies-coronavirus-history-genre/|title=Horror Films Have Always Tapped Into Pop Culture's Most Urgent Fears. COVID-19 Will Be Their Next Inspiration|last=McCluskey|first=Megan|date=2020-10-07|website=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|access-date=2020-12-19|quote=|archive-date=2020-12-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201215174631/https://time.com/5891305/horror-movies-coronavirus-history-genre/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == A cikin kafofin watsa labarai == An saka cutar ta ɓarke a cikin labarun shirye-shiryen talabijin da ke gudana kafin ɓarkewar cutar kuma an mai da hankali kan sababbi, tare da sakamako masu gauraya.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.augustman.com/my/culture/film-tv/how-the-covid-19-pandemic-is-affecting-popular-culture/|title=How The Covid-19 Pandemic Is Affecting Popular Culture|author=<!--Not stated-->|date=2020-11-24|website=augustman.com|publisher=[[August Man]]|access-date=2020-12-18|quote="In addition to existing shows, streaming platforms and cable channels have tried putting together new series centred on coronavirus, like HBO’s “Coastal Elites” or Netflix’s “Social Distance” – but with no real success."}}</ref> Da yake rubutu game da <nowiki><i id="mwIw">Pandemonium na</i></nowiki> BBC mai zuwa na gaba a ranar 16 ga Disamba 2020, ''[[New York Times|New York Times ya]]'' tambaya, "Shin muna shirye mu yi dariya game da Covid-19? Ko kuma, akwai wani abu mai ban sha'awa, ko kuma a iya gane shi ta hanyar ban dariya, game da rayuwa a lokacin annoba, tare da dukan rashin jin daɗi da koma baya, ba tare da la'akari da al'adunsa ba (tafawa ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya ) da dokoki (masu [[Takunkumi a lokacin annobar cutar korona|rufe fuska]], don Allah). "<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/16/business/media/pandemonium-bbc-coronavirus.html|title=Are We Ready to Laugh About Covid-19? A British Sitcom Hopes So|last=Segal|first=David|date=2020-12-16|website=The New York Times|access-date=2020-12-18|quote="Are we ready to laugh about Covid-19? Or rather, is there anything amusing, or recognizable in a humorous way, about life during a plague, with all of its indignities and setbacks, not to mention its rituals (clapping for [[health care worker]]s) and rules ([[Face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic|face masks]], please)."}}</ref> === Fim da talabijin === ==== Abin tsoro ==== Fim ɗin mai ban tsoro mai ''watsa shiri'', fim ɗin allo na kwamfuta, an ƙirƙira shi kuma an sake shi yayin bala'in kuma ya ta'allaka ne kan halayen halayen allahntaka da aka kai wa hari bayan gudanar da bincike ta hanyar zuƙowa .{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=August 2021}} ==== Abin ban dariya ==== A fim ''Borat M Moviefilm'', wani mabiyi da 2006 mockumentary film ''Borat'', aka saki a kan Amazon Prime Video a watan Oktoba 2020. Ya ƙunshi ɗan jaridar Kazakh ɗan jaridar Borat Sagdiyev ( Sacha Baron Cohen ) da ke yawo a cikin Amurka tare da yin hulɗa da Amurkawa yayin bala'in. Ƙarshen fim ɗin cikin raha ya nuna cewa gwamnatin Kazakhstan ce ta ƙirƙira COVID-19, wacce ta yi amfani da Borat don yada shi tare da fara cutar.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Buchanan|first1=Kyle|date=October 23, 2020|title=The 'Borat' Sequel's 3 Wildest Scenes: Here's What Happens|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/23/movies/borat-sequel-giuliani-trump.html|access-date=November 9, 2020|website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Fim ɗin ''Locked Down'', game da heist na kayan ado a lokacin bala'in, an sake shi akan HBO Max a ranar 14 ga Janairu, 2021, bayan an yi fim ɗin a cikin Satumba 2020 kuma ya saita bazarar da ta gabata. An samu gaurayawan sake dubawa.<ref>{{cite web|title=Locked Down (2021)|url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/locked_down_2021|access-date=January 14, 2021|website=[[Rotten Tomatoes]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Locked Down Reviews|url=https://www.metacritic.com/movie/locked-down|access-date=14 January 2021|website=[[Metacritic]]|publisher=[[Red Ventures]]}}</ref> ==== Wasan kwaikwayo/mai ban sha'awa ==== ''Wasan Gone'' jerin gidan yanar gizo ne mai ban sha'awa na Indiyawa wanda Nikhil Bhat ya jagoranta, wanda aka harbe shi gabaɗaya a cikin iyakokin gidaje kuma an ba da umarni daga nesa yayin bala'in COVID-19 a Indiya . An fara shi a Voot a ranar 20 ga Agusta 2020. Nunin ya biyo bayan mutuwar wani majiyyaci na COVID-19 tare da layin da ke samun rikici a kowane bangare.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-08-21|title=The Gone Game review: Voot's shot-during-lockdown thriller is an effective experiment|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/tv/the-gone-game-review-voot-s-shot-during-lockdown-thriller-is-an-effective-experiment/story-ByjGlV0Es7EBWORCmOeA5N.html|access-date=2020-09-17|website=Hindustan Times|language=en}}</ref> Jerin wasan kwaikwayo ''na likitanci na Amurka The Good Doctor'' da ''Grey's Anatomy'' sun fara watsa shirye-shiryen su na 4 da kakar 17, bi da bi, a cikin Nuwamba 2020. Dukansu sun nuna tasirin COVID-19 akan haruffan da ke aiki a, da marasa lafiya na, asibitin da aka saita nunin - gami da maimaita haruffan da suka kamu da cutar.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Grobar|first=Matt|date=2020-11-03|title='The Good Doctor' Creator David Shore On Season 4 Opener: COVID-19 Pandemic & New Residents Arrive As Shaun & Lea Set Up House – Q&A|url=https://deadline.com/2020/11/the-good-doctor-season-4-premiere-creator-david-shore-interview-abc-1234605878/|access-date=2020-11-23|website=Deadline|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Lee|first=Jess|date=2020-11-18|title=Grey's Anatomy star responds to cast's on-set face mask criticism|url=https://www.digitalspy.com/tv/ustv/a34708868/greys-anatomy-camilla-luddington-face-mask-response/|access-date=2020-11-23|website=Digital Spy|language=en-GB}}</ref> Jerin shirye-shiryen wasan kwaikwayo ''na Amurka 9-1-1'' ya fara nuna lokacinsa 4 a cikin Janairu 2021. Lamarin buɗewa mai lamba 47, "Sabuwar Abun Al'ada" ta ƙunshi jerin labaran da ke tattare da cutar ta COVID-19 da tasirin sa ga duka masu maimaitawa da kuma daidaikun mutane na yau da kullun.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=August 2021}} ''Songbird'', wani fim ne mai ban sha'awa na soyayya na Amurka wanda Adam Mason ya ba da umarni kuma Michael Bay ya shirya, wanda "COVID-23" ya sa duniya ta kasance cikin kulle-kulle tsawon shekaru hudu, wanda aka yi fim a Los Angeles a lokacin bala'in bala'in duniya tare da rugujewa. - samarwa.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Countryman|first=Eli|date=2020-10-29|title=Michael Bay's Covid-Inspired 'Songbird' Trailer Shows the World Ravaged by Pandemic|url=https://variety.com/2020/film/news/songbird-michael-bay-pandemic-covid-1234818352/|access-date=2020-10-29|website=Variety|language=en-US}}</ref> Amsar farko ba ta da kyau, tare da masu sukar suna jayayya cewa yana "Cirar Kuɗi a kan wahalar ɗan adam"<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ushe|first=Naledi|date=2020-10-29|title='Songbird' movie trailer about pandemic 'COVID-23' slammed by critics: 'Cashing in on human suffering'|url=https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/songbird-movie-trailer-about-pandemic-covid-23-slammed-with-criticism-cashing-in-on-human-suffering|access-date=2020-10-29|website=Fox News|language=en-US}}</ref> da kuma "jifa mai mafarki mai ban tsoro a kan wutar masu ra'ayin makirci."<ref>{{Cite web|last=Kiefer|first=Halle|date=2020-10-29|title=The Songbird Trailer Is Here to Bravely Prey on Your Worst Fears About COVID|url=https://www.vulture.com/2020/10/songbird-movie-trailer.html|access-date=2020-10-29|website=Vulture|language=en-us}}</ref> An kwatanta shi a matsayin fim ɗin Amurka na farko da aka samo gabaɗaya daga cutar,<ref>{{cite web|last=Vishnevetsky|first=Ignatiy|date=2020-12-10|title=The first movie inspired by the pandemic is here, and it sucks|url=https://film.avclub.com/the-first-movie-inspired-by-the-pandemic-is-here-and-i-1845848429|access-date=2020-12-21|website=film.avclub.com|publisher=[[The A.V. Club]]|quote="Shot in July, it has the dubious honor of being the first American movie to come out of the pandemic—the first to be conceived, filmed, and released in the current climate."|archive-date=2020-12-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201221205654/https://film.avclub.com/the-first-movie-inspired-by-the-pandemic-is-here-and-i-1845848429|url-status=dead}}</ref> an sake shi a ranar 11 ga Disamba, 2020 zuwa sake dubawa gabaɗaya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Songbird (2020)|url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/songbird_2020|access-date=December 17, 2020|website=[[Rotten Tomatoes]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Songbird Reviews|url=https://www.metacritic.com/movie/songbird|access-date=December 19, 2020|website=[[Metacritic]]}}</ref> Aƙalla takwas daga cikin fina-finai 75 da aka sanar don 2021 Kudu ta Kudu maso Yamma sun haɗa da COVID-19.<ref>{{cite web|last=Mattise|first=Nathan|date=March 27, 2021|title=Can you make a comedy set during COVID-19? ''Recovery'' takes the idea for a drive|url=https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2021/03/can-you-make-a-comedy-set-during-covid-19-recovery-takes-the-idea-for-a-drive/|access-date=April 1, 2021|website=[[Ars Technica]]|publisher=[[Conde Nast]]|quote="Of the 75 feature-length films on the SXSW Online 2021 schedule, more than a tenth (at least eight) explicitly involve COVID-19."}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Alter|first=Rebecca|date=February 10, 2021|title=Here Are All the Movies About COVID at SXSW This Year|url=https://www.vulture.com/2021/02/sxsw-film-festival-2021-all-of-the-movies-about-covid.html|access-date=April 1, 2021|website=[[New York (magazine)#Vulture|Vulture]]|publisher=New York magazine|quote=}}</ref> ''Putham Pudhu Kaalai'' ( transl. <span>Wani sabon alfijir</span> ) fim ne na anthology na Indiya na Tamil na 2020, wanda ya ƙunshi gajerun sassan fina-finai biyar. An harbe shi gabaɗaya yayin bala'in COVID-19 a Indiya kuma an saita shi a kan yanayin kulle-kulle na ƙasar na tsawon kwanaki 21 a cikin Maris 2020, gajerun fina-finai guda biyar suna magana game da bege, ƙauna, da sabon farawa yayin bala'in. Fim ɗin ya fito akan Amazon Prime Video akan 16 Oktoba 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|date=5 October 2020|title='Putham Pudhu Kaalai' trailer: Tamil anthology set and filmed in times of COVID-19 lockdown|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-putham-pudhu-kaalai-trailer-tamil-anthology-set-and-filmed-in-times-of-covid-19-lockdown-2847555|access-date=5 October 2020|website=DNA India|language=en}}</ref> ''Karthik Dial Seytha Yenn'' ( transl. <span>Lambar da Karthik ya buga</span> ) gajeriyar fim ce ta 2020 na Indiya ta Tamil wanda Gautham Menon ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarni. Mabiyi ga ''Vinnaithandi Varuvaayaa'' (2010), taurarin Silambarasan da Trisha suna sake dawo da rawar da suka taka a wannan fim. An yi fim ɗin da farko ta amfani da iPhone kuma an sake shi a ranar 20 ga Mayu 2020 akan YouTube . <ref name="unrequited">{{Cite news|date=21 May 2020|title='Karthik Dial Seytha Yenn': A letter to unrequited love, and then some|work=[[The Hindu]]|url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/karthik-dial-seytha-yenn-a-letter-to-unrequited-love-and-then-some/article31636643.ece|url-status=live|access-date=21 May 2020|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200521051003/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/karthik-dial-seytha-yenn-a-letter-to-unrequited-love-and-then-some/article31636643.ece|archive-date=21 May 2020}}</ref> Hakan ya biyo bayan mai shirya fina-finai Karthik wanda ke gida yayin bala'in COVID-19 a Tamil Nadu ba tare da aiki ba yayin da aka rufe gidajen wasan kwaikwayo, yana shafar aikinsa na marubucin allo. Yayin da yake fuskantar shingen marubuci, ba da jimawa ba ya kira tsohuwar budurwarsa Jessie, wacce ta tsere sakamakon barkewar cutar a cikin birnin New York kuma tana cikin kulle-kulle a Kerala . Bayan kiran waya, Karthik ya ci gaba da rubutunsa kuma ya tsara ''Kamal & Kadambari - Labarin Soyayya.''<ref name="unrequited" /> ''Coronavirus'' [[Talgu|fim ne na]] yaren Telugu na Indiya wanda ke bincika rayuwar dangi mai matsakaicin matsayi a cikin kulle-kullen COVID-19 a Indiya . An saki fim ɗin a ranar 11 ga Disamba 2020.<ref>{{cite web|last=Pathi|first=Thadhagath|title=Coronavirus Movie Review: A slow narrative proves bane for this attempt to rightly question disastrous health policies|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movie-reviews/coronavirus/movie-review/79678889.cms|access-date=2021-04-25|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> ''Eeswaran'' fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na Indiya na Tamil na 2021 wanda Suseenthiran ya rubuta kuma ya ba da umarni. Yana ba da labarin rikicin dangi a lokacin da kuma sakamakon cutar ta COVID-19 a Indiya.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Ramanujam|first=Srinivasa|date=14 January 2021|title='Eeswaran' movie review: A predictable rural subject that goes nowhere|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/eeswaran-movie-review-a-predictable-rural-subject-that-goes-nowhere/article33574757.ece|access-date=14 January 2021|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> ''Fensir zuwa Jugular'' wasan kwaikwayo ne na Australiya na 2021 wanda Matthew Victor Pastor ya jagoranta. An saita yayin kulle-kullen COVID-19 a Melbourne shine kashi na biyu a cikin jerin fina-finai na 2020 wanda Matthew Victor Pastor ya jagoranta. An fara fim ɗin a bikin Fina- Finan Duniya na Moscow karo na 43 a cikin Afrilu 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://entertainment.inquirer.net/409585/ph-movie-on-antiracism-screened-in-russian-fest|title=PH movie on antiracism screened in Russian fest|date=5 May 2021}}</ref> ==== Gajere ==== Pablo Larrain ya haɗu da ɗan gajeren tarihin tarihin fim mai suna ''Na gida'', wanda aka ƙirƙira lokacin — kuma yana ba da labarai game da lokacin kulle-kulle na COVID-19. An bukaci kowane daraktoci 17 da su shirya fim mai tsawon minti biyar zuwa bakwai, ta amfani da kayan aikin da aka samu a gida kawai, kuma ga jama'a. An ƙaddamar da aikin a cikin Maris kuma an sake shi bayan watanni uku kawai a watan Yuni, ta hanyar Netflix.<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Ravindran|first1=Manori|date=2 June 2020|title=Kristen Stewart, Maggie Gyllenhaal Direct in Pablo Larrain's Netflix Short Film Collection 'Homemade'|url=https://variety.com/2020/film/global/kristen-stewart-pablo-larrain-maggie-gyllenhaal-paolo-sorrentino-netflix-homemade-1234646217/|access-date=24 June 2020|website=Variety|language=en}}</ref> ==== Bidiyon kiɗa ==== Bidiyon kiɗan hukuma na waƙar ''Phenom'' ta Thao &amp;amp; the Get Down Stay Down an yi rikodin ta gabaɗaya ta hanyar "tsararriyar grid na app Zoom ," yayin da membobin ƙungiyar ke keɓe a gida. An bayyana shi a matsayin "mafi kyawun bidiyon kiɗan da ya fito daga zamaninmu na keɓewa," ya ɗauki kwanaki takwas don kammalawa.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Kaufman|first=Sarah L.|date=2 April 2020|title=The best music video to emerge from our age of isolation|url=https://www.smh.com.au/culture/music/the-best-music-video-to-emerge-from-our-age-of-isolation-20200423-p54mgf.html|access-date=23 April 2020|website=The Sydney Morning Herald|language=en}}</ref> Don faifan kiɗan na hukuma ''"Rasa Wani"'' ta masu fasaha Kygo, da Jamhuriyya ɗaya, sun yi amfani da manyan hotunan allo na kore da hotunan daji yayin da suke aiki nesa da juna saboda ƙuntatawa na COVID-19.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Yopko|first=Nick|title=Kygo and OneRepublic Drop Bizarre Green Screen-Powered Music Video for "Lose Somebody"|url=https://edm.com/music-releases/kygo-lose-somebody-music-video|access-date=2021-04-09|website=EDM.com - The Latest Electronic Dance Music News, Reviews & Artists|language=en}}</ref> Don bidiyon kiɗan Kygo ''“Yanci” mai'' nuna Zak Habila, an harbe shi dabam da gidajensu kuma ya mai da hankali kan rayuwarsu a ƙarƙashin umarnin gida.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Kassam|first=About the Author / Alshaan|date=2020-04-17|title=Kygo – Freedom (ft. Zack Abel)|url=https://weraveyou.com/2020/04/kygo-freedom-ft-zack-abel/|access-date=2021-04-09|website=We Rave You|language=en-US}}</ref> ''Aribum Anbum'' ( transl. <span>Ilimi da Soyayya</span>&nbsp;<span>– fassara.</span><span>&#x2009;</span><span>Hikima da Ƙauna</span> ) waƙar Indiya ce ta Tamil da aka saki ranar 23 ga Afrilu, 2020 ta Think Music India akan YouTube don amsa cutar ta COVID-19 a Indiya . Ghibran ne ya shirya waƙar da kuma waƙar Kamal Haasan . Mawaka 12 ne suka rera shi kuma mawaƙan suka naɗa daga gidajensu. Kalmomin waƙar suna magana ne game da bukatar yin amfani da zuciyarmu da basirarmu don yaƙi da rikicin. Bidiyon ya kuma ƙunshi hotunan yadda ɗimbin ƴan ci-rani ke gudun hijira daga biranen ƙasar.<ref name="Knowledge and Love2">{{Cite news|title=Kamal Haasan releases new song Arivum Anbum, states that 'knowledge and love' is the need of the hour|url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/kamal-haasan-releases-new-song-arivum-anbum-states-that-knowledge-and-love-is-the-need-of-the-hour/article31413543.ece|date=2020-04-23|website=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=2020-05-11|last1=Ramanujam|first1=Srinivasa}}</ref> ==== Jadawalin saki ==== Sakamakon rufe gidajen kallon fina-finai, wasu fina-finai da aka yi niyya da farko don fitowar wasan kwaikwayo a maimakon haka sun fara fitowa akan ayyukan yawo. Disney's ''Mulan ya'' fara fitowa akan Disney + a cikin Satumba 2020, kuma ''an fitar da fim ɗin Warner Brothers Wonder Woman 1984'' a ranar 25 ga Disamba akan HBO Max.<ref>{{Cite web|last=March 2021|first=Daniel Pateman 26|title=Disney Plus Premier Access: what is it, how do I get it and what can I watch?|url=https://www.techradar.com/news/disney-plus-premier-access|access-date=2021-04-09|website=TechRadar|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Alexander|first=Julia|date=2020-11-18|title=Wonder Woman 1984 will be released on HBO Max the same day it's in theaters for no extra cost|url=https://www.theverge.com/2020/11/18/21504152/wonder-woman-1984-release-delay-new-date-warner-bros-disney-black-widow-dune-tenet|access-date=2021-04-09|website=The Verge|language=en}}</ref> Wasu fina-finai, kamar shigarwar James Bond ''Babu Lokacin Mutuwa'', an dage su sama da shekara guda saboda cutar.<ref>{{Cite web|title=New 007 Release Delayed For 3rd Time As Pandemic Continues To Batter Film Industry|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2021/01/22/959645065/new-007-release-delayed-for-3rd-time-as-pandemic-continues-to-batter-film-indust|access-date=2021-04-09|website=NPR.org|language=en}}</ref> === Kiɗa === Yayin da mutane suka juya zuwa kiɗa don sauƙaƙe motsin zuciyar da bala'in ya haifar, masu sauraron Spotify sun nuna cewa nau'ikan gargajiya, yanayi, da yara sun girma saboda COVID-19 yayin da ya kasance iri ɗaya ga Pop, Ƙasa, da Rawa.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-04-23|title=How the Coronavirus Pandemic Affects Music Genres on Spotify|url=https://blog.chartmetric.com/covid-19-effect-on-the-global-music-business-part-1-genre/|access-date=2021-04-10|website=How Music Charts|language=en}}</ref> Daga cikin waɗannan nau'ikan na ƙarshe, duk da haka, ƙasar ta bayyana ita ce mafi ƙarfin juriya, tare da shaharar da ta karu da kashi 15.8%.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Pandemic Could Have Hurt Country Music. Instead, the Genre Is Booming|url=https://time.com/5898001/country-music-streaming-numbers-coronavirus/|access-date=2021-04-10|website=Time|archive-date=2022-06-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220603044135/https://time.com/5898001/country-music-streaming-numbers-coronavirus/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Sauran misalan kiɗan da COVID-19 ya yi tasiri sun haɗa da: * Markus J. Buehler a Massachusetts Cibiyar Harkokin Fasaha ta haifar da wata m ci daga wani sonification algorithm da kuma tsarin da cutar 'S (karu) gina jiki. Bayan kyakkyawan kyakkyawan sakamako na sakamakon bincike, yana iya bayar da wata hanyar gano yuwuwar wuraren dauri don maƙasudin warkewa kuma ta haka ne ke taimakawa tare da jiyya.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Taylor|first=Tegan|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/health/2020-04-06/coronavirus-music-scientists-translate-spike-proteins-melody/12124424|title=Scientists translate coronavirus spike protein into music, revealing more about its structure|date=6 April 2020|work=ABC News (Sydney)|access-date=7 April 2020|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200407085650/https://www.abc.net.au/news/health/2020-04-06/coronavirus-music-scientists-translate-spike-proteins-melody/12124424|archive-date=7 April 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Venugopal|first1=Vineeth|date=3 April 2020|title=Scientists have turned the structure of the coronavirus into music|url=https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/04/scientists-have-turned-structure-coronavirus-music|journal=Science|doi=10.1126/science.abc0657|s2cid=216483751|access-date=7 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200407040713/https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/04/scientists-have-turned-structure-coronavirus-music|archive-date=7 April 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> * Mawaƙan Australiya Tim Minchin da Briggs ne suka shirya waƙar ''HouseFyre —'' jagororin Firayim Minista Scott Morrison mai ban sha'awa a cikin watannin da suka gabata - yayin da suke keɓe a gidajensu. An yi fim ɗin faifan bidiyon daga wayoyinsu ta hannu, tare da kuɗin da aka samu daga siyar da waƙar da aka yi don tara kuɗi don masu fasaha na asali.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2020/apr/09/tim-minchin-and-briggs-release-isolation-track-satirising-scott-morrisons-leadership|title=Tim Minchin and Briggs release isolation track satirising Scott Morrison's leadership|date=9 April 2020|work=The Guardian|access-date=10 April 2020|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200410052654/https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2020/apr/09/tim-minchin-and-briggs-release-isolation-track-satirising-scott-morrisons-leadership|archive-date=10 April 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> * [[Cutar Korona a Cikin Sanannun Al'adun|Mawaƙin iMarkkeyz ya]] sake haɗa wani bidiyo na Instagram ta mai rapper [[Cardi B]] don fitar da waƙar "Coronavirus" a tsakiyar Maris. Ya kai lamba 1 akan ginshiƙi na iTunes na<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.itunescharts.net/bra/artists/music/imarkkeyz/songs/coronavirus/|title=iTunesCharts.net: 'Coronavirus' by iMarkkeyz (Brazilian Songs iTunes Chart)|website=www.itunescharts.net|access-date=19 April 2020}}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> da na 9 a Amurka,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.itunescharts.net/us/artists/music/imarkkeyz/songs/coronavirus/|title=iTunesCharts.net: 'Coronavirus' by iMarkkeyz (American Songs iTunes Chart)|website=www.itunescharts.net|access-date=19 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200403235450/http://www.itunescharts.net/us/artists/music/imarkkeyz/songs/coronavirus/|archive-date=3 April 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> kuma ana kiransa "farko na farko na abin da ɗan tarihi na gaba zai iya kira cutar annoba".<ref name="Pandemic pop2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/music/story/2020-03-20/cardi-b-coronavirus-dj-imarkkeyz-pandemic-pop|title=Pandemic pop: At home and around the world, dark-humored new songs about coronavirus go viral|date=2 March 2020|website=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US|access-date=19 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200401082158/https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/music/story/2020-03-20/cardi-b-coronavirus-dj-imarkkeyz-pandemic-pop|archive-date=1 April 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> * Tsohon sojan Burtaniya Kyaftin Tom Moore ya tara fiye da $55&nbsp;miliyan don Ma'aikatar Kiwon Lafiya ta Biritaniya (NHS) a tsakiyar barkewar cutar a makon da ya cika shekaru 100 da haihuwa tare da wani nau'in ''Ba za ku taɓa yin tafiya Shi kaɗai'' tare da mawaƙa Michael Ball da NHS Voices of Care Choir, ya zama ɗan wasa mafi tsufa da ya yi fice. sigogin kiɗan kuma suna da'awar lamba ɗaya ta Burtaniya.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Shelton|first=Tracey|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-04-25/captain-tom-moore-number-1-youll-never-walk-alone-coronavirus/12180754|title=Captain Tom Moore becomes oldest artist to top the UK charts with You'll Never Walk Alone cover|date=27 April 2020|work=ABC News|access-date=29 April 2020}}</ref> * Littafin Laburare na Jama'a na New York ya buga kundi na "filayen sauti" - rikodin sauti na yanayi mai tayar da hankali na birni - ''Rasa Sauti na New York'' (ciki har da sautin zirga-zirgar sa'a mafi girma, wasan ƙwallon baseball, gidan cin abinci mai aiki, da na ɗakin karatu na ɗakin karatu). dakin karatun kansa). An sake shi a ranar 1 ga Mayu, an watsa shi a Spotify a cikin makon farko sama da sau 200,000 kuma magajin gari ya yaba wa jama'a. * Opera ta kasa ta Finnish ta samar da opera Covid fan tutte, wanda aka fara a [[Helsinki]] a cikin Maris 2020. Wasan opera ta ɗauki makinta daga [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart|Mozart]] 's Così fan Tutte, tare da ainihin libertto ta Minna Lindgren tana tattaunawa game da tasirin cutar ta COVID-19 ta 2020 akan rayuwa a [[Finland]] . * Wani daidaitawa da aka tsara don ba da aikin yi ga mawaƙa da kuma nishaɗantarwa ga abokan ciniki, shine farfaɗowar kide-kide na raye-raye da ake yi yayin hutu a cikin abincin gidan abinci, irin su Sydney Symphony Orchestra string trio wanda ke wasa don masu cin abinci lokacin da aka sake buɗe gidan abinci a Sydney Opera House.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Dye|first=Josh|date=30 October 2020|title=Dinner and a show: Sydney restaurants resurrect musical tradition|work=The Sydney Morning Herald|url=https://www.goodfood.com.au/eat-out/news/dinner-and-a-show-sydney-restaurants-resurrect-musical-tradition-20201029-h1rso8}}</ref> * NPR 's "Morning Edition Song Project" yana gayyatar mawaƙa don ƙaddamar da waƙoƙin asali game da abubuwan da suka samu na musamman yayin bala'in COVID-19.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Morning Edition Song Project|url=https://www.npr.org/series/898937366/morning-edition-song-project|access-date=2021-01-08|website=NPR.org|language=en}}</ref> * Taurarin Pop Justin Bieber da Ariana Grande sun fitar da wata waka mai suna "Stuck With U", wadda ta kasance mai tara kudade ga gidauniyar yara masu amsawa ta farko. Bidiyon kiɗan da ke rakiyar ya ƙunshi mashahurai daban-daban a cikin hira ta bidiyo, tare da "squares na Grande da Bieber suna waƙa a ware a gidajensu da rajistar bidiyo daga magoya baya da shahararrun abokai, ciki har da Kylie da Kendall Jenner, Stephen da Ayesha Curry da Chance the Rapper tare da matarsa, Kristen Corley."<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ariana Grande And Justin Bieber Team Up For Fundraising Single 'Stuck With U'|url=https://www.npr.org/2020/05/08/852618716/ariana-grande-and-justin-bieber-team-up-for-fundraising-single-stuck-with-you|access-date=2021-04-10|website=NPR.org|language=en}}</ref> === Adabi === * Littafin ''Lockdown'' na Peter May, wanda aka rubuta a cikin 2005 kuma yana bayyana cutar ta duniya, an ƙi asali don bugawa don rashin gaskiya. Lokacin da wani fan ya nemi ya rubuta wani abu da ya shafi cutar ta COVID-19, marubucin ya ce ya yi tunani game da hakan na minti daya kafin ya “gane cewa na riga na yi shi.” An buga shi a watan Afrilu 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/04/04/us/peter-may-lockdown-coronavirus-book-trnd/index.html|title=A pandemic thriller, once rejected by publishers for being unrealistic, is now getting a wide release|last=Elassar|first=Alaa|website=CNN|access-date=7 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200407163523/https://www.cnn.com/2020/04/04/us/peter-may-lockdown-coronavirus-book-trnd/index.html|archive-date=7 April 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> * Marubucin almara mai ban tsoro da allahntaka Stephen King ya ba da baya ga saitin ''Billy Summers'' daga 2020 zuwa 2019, ta yadda haruffan su iya haduwa a fili kuma su hau jirgin ruwa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/2020/04/08/829298135/stephen-king-is-sorry-you-feel-like-youre-stuck-in-a-stephen-king-novel|title=Stephen King Is Sorry You Feel Like You're Stuck In A Stephen King Novel|last=King|first=Stephen|website=NPR.org|language=en|access-date=11 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200411060002/https://www.npr.org/2020/04/08/829298135/stephen-king-is-sorry-you-feel-like-youre-stuck-in-a-stephen-king-novel|archive-date=11 April 2020|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/tv/tv-news/stephen-king-shifted-plot-new-novel-billy-summers-due-pandemic-1234995358/|title=Stephen King Shifted Plot Elements of New Novel Due to Pandemic|last=Parker|first=Ryan|date=10 August 2021|website=The Hollywood Reporter|publisher=|access-date=23 September 2021|quote="I had a couple of characters that I had to get off the stage for reasons that have to do with the plot … so I said, ‘I’ll put them on a cruise ship,'" King began. "And then COVID came along and I said, ‘No, this is probably not going to work.’ So what I did was I took the whole book, which was set in 2020 and shoved it back to 2019."}}</ref> * Paolo Giordano, masanin kimiyyar lissafi dan Italiya kuma marubucin da ya lashe lambar yabo na Premio Strega, ya buga tunaninsa game da barkewar kwayar cutar a cikin wata makala mai taken ''Yadda Contagion ke Aiki'' a cikin Maris 2020. An fassara shi cikin sauri zuwa fiye da harsuna 20.<ref name="Burioni2">{{Cite news|last=Momigliano|first=Anna|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/09/books/italy-coronavirus-paolo-giordano-roberto-burioni.html|title=In Italy, Coronavirus Books Rush to Publication|date=9 April 2020|work=The New York Times|access-date=13 April 2020|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200412174228/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/09/books/italy-coronavirus-paolo-giordano-roberto-burioni.html|archive-date=12 April 2020}}</ref> * Italian virologist kuma marubucin Roberto Burioni buga {{Lang|it|Virus. La grande sfida}} {{Lang|it|Virus. La grande sfida}} [ ''Virus.'' ''Babban Kalubale'' ], jarrabawar yadda annoba ke tsara wayewa a cikin Maris 2020. Abubuwan da aka samu sun tafi wajen bincike kan kwayar cutar.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.consulenzeditoriali.it/books-fr/virus-the-great-challenge|title=Roberto Burioni – "Virus. The Great Challenge"|last=Carpinelli|first=Rosalia|date=2020|website=www.consulenzeditoriali.it/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200415135838/https://www.consulenzeditoriali.it/books-fr/virus-the-great-challenge/|archive-date=15 April 2020}}</ref> * Mawallafin Italiyanci Garzanti ya buga {{Lang|it|Andrà tutto bene}} [ ''Komai zai yi kyau'' ], tarihin gajeriyar labarai ashirin da shida da kasidu game da keɓewa daga yawancin marubuta ciki har da marubuciyar yara Elisabetta Gnone . Riba daga siyar da littafin e-littafin ya tafi asibitin Paparoma John XXIII a Bergamo<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.garzanti.it/libri/ritanna-armeni-andra-tutto-bene-9788811816331/|title=Andrà tutto bene|website=Garzanti.it|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200417045928/https://www.garzanti.it/libri/ritanna-armeni-andra-tutto-bene-9788811816331/|archive-date=17 April 2020}}</ref> * An yi wahayi zuwa da yawa idan aka kwatanta martanin COVID-19 a cikin Burtaniya da sitcom na Burtaniya ''Dad's Army'', masanin tarihin Ingila kuma marubuci Niles Schilder ya rubuta rubuce-rubuce hudu don kungiyar Dad's Army Appreciation Society, uku daga cikinsu sun kalli yadda haruffan jerin za su yi aiki. tare da annoba.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Schilder|first=Niles|title=fanfiction|url=http://www.dadsarmy.co.uk/fanfiction.html|access-date=2021-02-26|website=www.dadsarmy.co.uk|archive-date=2021-03-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301061238/http://dadsarmy.co.uk/fanfiction.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> === Yin zane-zane === Madrid ta Teatro Real fito modified version of Verdi ta ''La Traviata'' inda COVID-19 [[Ba wa Juna Tazara|jiki distancing]] hani da aka kafa a cikin samarwa. Masu wasan kwaikwayo sun fara kan mataki sanye da abin rufe fuska na tiyata, shirin yana nuna grid na layukan jajayen layukan da aka ɗora tsawon mita 2 a ƙasa, tare da ɗora dukkan motsin ƴan wasan don su rabu, kuma an zaɓi opera da kanta kamar yadda shirin ke [[Tibi|ɗauke da tarin fuka]] .<ref>{{Cite news|last=Higgins|first=Charlotte|date=8 July 2020|title=The great reopening – how Britain's galleries Covid-proofed themselves|language=en-GB|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2020/jul/08/great-reopening-britains-galleries-covid-proofed-london-dundee-llandudno|access-date=8 July 2020|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> Tamas Detrich, darektan Stuttgart Ballet, ya ba da umarni takwas ayyukan rawa na zamani "wanda aka halicce su a cikin da kuma waɗannan yanayi masu wuyar gaske", uku daga cikinsu an gabatar da su a taron farko na kamfanin bayan rufewar ''Response 1.<ref name=":12">{{Cite news|last=Roy|first=Sanjoy|date=2020-07-16|title=Bouncing back: European dance is kick-started with huge state support|language=en-GB|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2020/jul/16/bouncing-back-european-dance-is-kick-started-with-huge-state-support|access-date=2020-07-20|issn=0261-3077}}</ref>'' ƙwararrun ƴan rawa da kamfanoni, na gargajiya da na zamani, sun yi fim kuma sun buga sabbin ayyuka waɗanda suka amsa jigogi na keɓewa. Ko dai ta hanyar a cikin choreography kanta (misali Rhiannon Faith's ''Drowntown'' ), a cikin wurin (misali wuraren jama'a marasa amfani Taylor Stanley a wajen Cibiyar Lincoln, Choreography na Kyle Abraham ), ko fasahar yin fim (misali a ''Flying Home'' ta ƙungiyar rawa ta titi BirdGang ta hanyar "... yanzu duka-ma - sanannen yanki mai salo na zuƙowa").<ref>{{Cite news|last=Winship|first=Lyndsey|date=2020-08-17|title=No standing still: the best of lockdown dance|language=en-GB|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2020/aug/17/lockdown-dance-highlights-dance-of-dreams-summer-shorts|access-date=2020-08-18|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> Nunin da aka yi imanin shine farkon farkon wasan kwaikwayo a ko'ina cikin duniya tun lokacin da cutar ta fara wani salon wasan kwaikwayo ne na shahararren wasan kwaikwayon talabijin na yara Bluey mai suna ''Bluey's Big Play, The Stage Show.'' Bayan watanni na jinkiri, wasan kwaikwayo - wanda Kamfanin Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Windmill ya kirkira daga wani asali na asali ''na mahaliccin Bluey'' Joe Brumm tare da sabon waƙa na ''mawaƙin Bluey'', Joff Bush - ya fara halarta a [[Brisbane]] a ƙarshen Disamba 2020 a Cibiyar Watsa Labarai ta Queensland.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Dacey|first=Jason|date=23 December 2020|title=Bluey TV series makes its theatrical debut on stage in Brisbane world premiere|work=ABC News|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-12-22/bluey-theatre-production-takes-to-the-stage-in-brisbane-premiere/13007020|access-date=}}</ref> === Fasahar gani === * [[File:Illustration_of_Plague_and_Death_encircling_the_Earth.jpg|alt=allegorical pencil illustration about the danger of COVID-19|thumb| ''Misali na annoba da Mutuwa kewaye da Duniya'', na Spencer Alexander McDaniel]] A watan Afrilu, mai zanen titi Banksy ya buga wani sabon yanki na fasahar bangon alamar kasuwancinsa - wannan lokacin yana cikin gidan wanka nasa, yana yin nuni da warewar da ake buƙata - tare da coronavirus a matsayin jigon da "beraye masu hauka" a matsayin batunsa. Ya buga hotunan ta a yanar gizo.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-04-17/banksy-bathroom-art-coronavirus-lockdown-united-kingdom/12156326|title=Banksy follows stay-at-home orders and makes bathroom art during coronavirus crisis|date=17 April 2020|work=ABC News|access-date=17 April 2020|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200420195925/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-04-17/banksy-bathroom-art-coronavirus-lockdown-united-kingdom/12156326|archive-date=20 April 2020}}</ref> A watan Yuli ya ci gaba da jigon berayen, tare da rubutaccen rubutu na berayen sanye da wasa da abin rufe fuska a cikin karusar London.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Bakare|first=Lanre|date=2020-07-14|title=Banksy creates mask-themed work on London Underground|language=en-GB|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2020/jul/14/banksy-creates-mask-themed-work-on-london-underground|access-date=2020-07-15|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> * Masu zane-zane a Burtaniya sun zana hotunan ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya na kasa kyauta, a matsayin hanyar gane gudummawar da suke bayarwa, da nufin gudanar da nune-nunen da zarar annobar ta lafa.<ref name="BBC-12">{{cite news|title=The artists painting front-line workers for free|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/entertainment-arts-52319539/coronavirus-artist-tom-croft-paints-nhs-key-worker-portraits-for-free|publisher=[[BBC News]]|access-date=21 April 2020}}</ref> * Damien Hirst ya samar da nau'ikan sabon zane -zane guda biyu mai suna ''Butterfly Rainbow'' - daya azaman zazzagewa kyauta "don tayar da ruhohi", wani kuma wanda za'a siyar dashi a iyakanceccen bugu azaman mai tara kuɗi don Ma'aikatar Kiwon Lafiya ta Burtaniya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/av/entertainment-arts-52319538/coronavirus-damien-hirst-s-rainbow-giveaway|title=Damien Hirst's rainbow giveaway|date=2 April 2020|website=[[BBC News]]|language=en-GB|access-date=24 April 2020}}</ref> * Sculptor Antony Gormley ya ƙirƙiri ''Hold'' yayin da yake cikin kulle-kulle-wani ɗan ƙaramin ɗan adam wanda aka yi da yumbu mai duhu, "ya kwantar da kansa tsakanin makamai masu rauni, murƙushe gwiwoyi da kafadu. Yatsu sun dunkule ciki" wanda ya bayyana a matsayin "kokarin yin wata manufa mai kama da yanayin da muke ciki". An "nuna shi akan layi" a White Cube gallery.<ref name=":292">{{Cite news|last=Wills|first=Ella|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-52296886|title=How artists are depicting the coronavirus lockdown|date=2 April 2020|work=BBC News|access-date=24 April 2020|language=en-GB}}</ref> * Artist Sara Shakeel halitta jerin dijital images karfafa dace [[Tsaftar hannu|wanke hannuwa]] da kuma godiya ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya, da suke nuna duka biyu collaged da artist ta sa hannu kyalkyali da kuma lu'ulu'u ne.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Pakistani artist Sara Shakeel's crystal-covered image of exhausted medical worker sends powerful message|url=https://www.thenational.ae/arts-culture/art/pakistani-artist-sara-shakeel-s-crystal-covered-image-of-exhausted-medical-worker-sends-powerful-message-1.1004987|website=The National|language=en|access-date=23 May 2020}}</ref> [[File:Dio_smaterializza_la_molecola_del_Coronavirus_COVID-19_per_porre_fine_alla_pandemia_del_2019-2020_in_Italia_e_nel_mondo_(E_guarirai_da_tutte_le_malattie_ed_io,_avrò_cura_di_te);_God_fights_the_Coronavirus,_grattage_dell'artista_Giovanni_Guida.jpg|alt=|thumb| ''E guarirai da tutte le malattie.. ed io, avrò cura di te,'' na Giovanni Guida]] * Mawaƙin Italiyanci Giovanni Guida ya ƙirƙira {{Lang|it|E guarirai da tutte le malattie.. ed io, avrò cura di te}}<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Guida Giovanni nell'Enciclopedia Treccani|url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/giovanni-guida|access-date=|website=[[Treccani]]}}</ref> [Kuma za ku ji a warke daga duk cututtuka .. kuma zan kula da ku], a grattage hoto na Allah yakar cutar a wani abun da ke ciki referencing Michelangelo ta ''halittar Sun kuma Moon.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Fabrizio Intravaia|title=Un'opera d'arte per sconfiggere la pandemia|url=https://www.corriereitaliano.com/cultura/arte-e-spettacolo/7050/unopera-darte-per-sconfiggere-la-pandemia/|website=[[Corriere Italiano]]|date=27 May 2020}}</ref>'' Kafofin yada labaran Italiya sun bayyana aikin da cewa ya tafi "kwayoyin cuta".<ref>{{Cite web|last=Emanuela Sorrentino|title=Coronavirus, l'illustrazione dell'artista campano è "virale"|url=https://www.ilmattino.it/napolismart/cultura/coronavirus_illustrazione_artista_campano_virale-5170287.html|website=[[Il Mattino]]}}</ref> * Mawaƙin ɗan ƙasar China Ai Weiwei ya ƙirƙiro "wani rukuni na farko" na mashin tiyata 10,000 tare da hotuna da aka buga a hannu na "kwayoyin sunflower, namomin tatsuniyoyi da ... ɗan yatsa na tsakiya". Za a siyar da kayan ta hanyar eBay tare da bayar da gudummawa ga [[Sa-ido akan Haƙƙin Ɗan Adam|Human Rights Watch]], [[Yan Gudun Hijira Na Duniya|Refugees International]] da Médecins Sans Frontières.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Brown|first=Mark|date=2 May 2020|title=Ai Weiwei creates 10,000 masks in aid of coronavirus charities|language=en-GB|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2020/may/28/ai-weiwei-creates-10000-masks-in-aid-of-coronavirus-charities|access-date=29 May 2020|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> * Fiye da raye -rayen ban dariya 70 sun shiga cikin ''Binciken Babban Na gode'' na 2020. Kowane tsiri ya ƙunshi alamomi shida na ma'aikata waɗanda ke da mahimmanci yayin bala'in.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.staradvertiser.com/2020/06/07/features/hawaii-cartoonists-participate-in-the-big-thank-you-search-of-2020/|title=Hawaii cartoonists participate in The Big Thank You Search of 2020|work=[[Star-Advertiser]]|date=7 June 2020|access-date=10 June 2020}}</ref> * Don bugu na 2020 na bikin daukar hoto na shekara-shekara ''Cortona akan Motsawa'' [ [[:it:Cortona On The Move|Yana]] ] masu shirya sun ba da izini ga masu daukar hoto don nuni mai taken ''Aikin gani na COVID 19'' — bikin fasahar Italiyanci na farko tun lokacin da aka fara gaggawar lafiya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=COVID 19 visual project|url=https://covid19visualproject.org/en/about|access-date=2020-08-18|website=covid19visualproject.org}}</ref> An kuma samar da nunin gani da ido.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cortona On The Move 2020|url=http://www.arte.it/calendario-arte/arezzo/mostra-cortona-on-the-move-2020-69075|access-date=2020-08-18|website=www.arte.it|publisher=[[Arte]]|language=it}}</ref> * Titin Artist Banksy ya tara sama da £3 don NHS, tare da samar da aikin da zai ci gaba da kasancewa a asibiti. Hoton yana da girman 1m x 1m, kuma an rataye shi tare da haɗin gwiwar shugabannin asibitin a cikin falo kusa da dakin gaggawa. Hoton ya nuna wani yaro rike da wani adadi na wata ma'aikaciyar jinya mai rufe fuska sanye da hula. An dauki wannan zanen baki da fari a matsayin "haraji na duniya" ga ma'aikata a Babban Asibitin Southampton . An yi amfani da zane-zane don tara kuɗi don asibiti.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2021-03-08|title=Covid: Banksy to auction Southampton hospital artwork for NHS|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-hampshire-56319474|access-date=2021-04-09}}</ref> * A lokacin annoba, Google Arts da Al'adu sun ƙirƙira gidajen tarihi dubu don mutane su "ziyartar" waɗannan gidajen tarihi kusan daga gida. Wadannan gidajen tarihi sun hada da Hammer Museum a LA, Anne Frank House, National Museum of Indonesia, Ghent Altarpiece a Belgium da dai sauransu. Google Arts da Al'adu<ref>{{Cite web|title=Google Arts & Culture|url=https://artsandculture.google.com/|access-date=2021-04-09|website=artsandculture.google.com|language=en}}</ref> sa baƙi su zama globetrotters kama-da-wane kuma su ga zane-zane da nune-nune daga gidajen tarihi sama da dubu 1200 a duniya. Hakanan yana ba da damar Zuƙowa ga mutane don bincika ayyukan fasaha dalla-dalla. Ghent Altarpiece a Belgium kuma ya haɗa da cikakkun bayanai game da ayyukan don sanya ƙwarewar koyo na baƙi kamar yadda ya kai ziyara cikin mutum. Google Arts & Al'adu.<ref>{{Cite web|title=How to Experience Art & Culture During Coronavirus|url=https://www.artworkarchive.com/blog/how-to-experience-art-culture-during-coronavirus|access-date=2021-04-09|website=Artwork Archive|language=en}}</ref> * Mawallafin Francisca Lita Sáez ya ƙirƙiri zane-zane uku waɗanda ke nuna kwarewar likitoci yayin bala'in Covid-19 na Spain. Ayyukan zane-zane na acrylic da pastel duk suna nuna adawar mutanen da ba su da kariya da cutar ta Covid-19, wacce ke da wahalar sarrafawa. Haɗin gwaninta na likitoci da fasaha yana nuna alamar gani na girman asibiti da yaƙin ɗan adam don rayuwa. Ayyukan zane-zane guda uku sune Barazana, 2020, Yaƙi mara daidaituwa, 2020, da Dakatar da Cutar, 2020.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=2020-10-01|title=Paintings From Spain's COVID-19 Pandemic|url=https://journalofethics.ama-assn.org/article/paintings-spains-covid-19-pandemic/2020-10|journal=AMA Journal of Ethics|language=en|volume=22|issue=10|pages=E893–897|doi=10.1001/amajethics.2020.893|pmid=33103653|issn=2376-6980|doi-access=free|last1=Vicente-Herrero|first1=T.}}</ref> === Shafukan yanar gizo === Cutar sankarau ta COVID-19 ta shafi tsarin gidan yanar gizon, ayyuka, da kuma yadda mutane ke hawan intanet. Shafukan yanar gizo kamar Brokerage, Live Hirarraki, da Shafukan Yawo na Bidiyo, Kasuwancin E-Ciniki, da Fasahar Kuɗi sun canza tsarin gidan yanar gizon su don dacewa da yanayin rashin tausayi da COVID-19 ya kawo wa al'ummarmu. Duk da wannan, wasu gidajen yanar gizo sun ga karuwar ra'ayoyin shafi da / ko tallace-tallace, yayin da wasu zaɓaɓɓun wasu a cikin takamaiman masana'antu ba su yi sa'a ba.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=July 2021}} ==== Tallace-tallacen dijital ==== Tun farkon barkewar cutar, yawancin kamfanonin yanar gizon dole ne su canza dabarun tallan dijital su don ko dai jawo ƙarin ziyartan shafi, umarni ko hana tallace-tallacen yaudara waɗanda za su iya rage amincin gidan yanar gizo da zirga-zirga.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-10-28|title=Three key ways the Covid-19 pandemic has changed digital advertising strategies|url=https://marketingtechnews.net/news/2020/oct/28/three-key-ways-the-covid-19-pandemic-has-changed-digital-advertising-strategies/|access-date=2021-04-09|website=Marketing Tech News|language=en-GB}}</ref> Don hana bayanan da ba su da tushe, Facebook ya cire tallan tallace-tallace sama da miliyan bakwai da aka jera a matsayin bayanan da ba daidai ba dangane da cutar ta COVID-19. Tare da sauran dabarun talla, masu tallan dijital sun ga ya dace don daidaita yanayin al'umma na hanyoyin da suka dace na mu'amala da wannan ƙwayar cuta. Ta yin hakan, sun canza saƙonsu ga jama'a ta haɗa da ayyukan nisantar da jama'a, zama a gida, tsabta, da kuma amfani da abin rufe fuska a cikin tallan su. Misali, NORAD, Rundunar Tsaron Jiragen Sama ta Arewacin Amurka, ta ce za ta ci gaba da bin diddigin Santa Claus a ranar 24 ga Disamba, 2020, duk da barkewar cutar. Don NORAD don kiyaye yara lafiya da sanin yakamata, sun 3D hotunan zane mai ban dariya na Santa Claus sanye da abin rufe fuska yayin hawa sleigh.<ref>{{Cite web|author=David Williams|title=Covid-19 won't stop NORAD from tracking Santa's Christmas Eve flight around the world|url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/11/21/us/norad-santa-2020-trnd/index.html|access-date=2021-04-09|website=CNN}}</ref> ==== Shafukan yanar gizo na kasuwancin e-commerce ==== Wani ginshiƙi daga Bazaarvoice.com yana nuna haɓakar Shekara-shekara ("YoY") a cikin ra'ayoyin shafi na kowane wata da ƙididdiga na tsari daga 1 ga Janairu - Yuni 30, 2020, matsakaicin daga gidajen yanar gizo na e-commerce (ECOM) daban-daban 6,200.<ref name="bazaarvoice.com2">{{Cite web|date=2020-07-15|title=The impact of COVID-19 on e-commerce by category|url=https://www.bazaarvoice.com/blog/the-impact-of-covid-19-on-e-commerce-by-category/|access-date=2021-04-09|website=Bazaarvoice|language=en-US}}</ref> Kamar yadda aka gani daga ginshiƙi, kafin manyan keɓancewar jihar baki ɗaya, ECOM ya riga ya fara ganin haɓakar ra'ayoyin shafi da umarni daga Janairu - Maris, yana ƙaruwa 14% a cikin ra'ayoyin shafi da 19% cikin umarni. Lokacin da tsohon Shugaban Amurka Donald Trump ya ba da COVID-19 Gaggawa na Kasa a tsakiyar Maris, duka ra'ayoyin shafi da kididdigar oda sun karu zuwa 96% da 88%, bi da bi. Ilimin halin ɗan adam da ke faruwa a bayan wannan haɓakar amfani da ECOM shine tunda yawancin mutane a wannan lokacin suna cikin tsoron mutum-mutumi da madadin Brick-in-Mortar waɗanda har yanzu suke buɗe a lokacin.<ref>{{Cite web|title=A Timeline of COVID-19 Developments in 2020|url=https://www.ajmc.com/view/a-timeline-of-covid19-developments-in-2020|access-date=2021-04-09|website=AJMC}}</ref> Manyan wuraren ECOM masu tasowa a cikin bala'in daga mafi girman haɓakar YoY zuwa aƙalla sune Toys da Wasanni, Kasuwanci da Masana'antu, Kayayyakin Wasanni, Hardware, Gida & Lambu, Nishaɗi, Kayayyakin Dabbobi, Kayan Lantarki, da Abinci/ Abin sha/Taba. Shafukan yanar gizo na ECOM masu tasowa sun haɗa da waɗanda ke siyar da samfuran da aka yi amfani da su a lokutan bala'i, kamar gidajen yanar gizon kaya. Shafukan yanar gizo na jaka da jaka sun kasance ɗaya daga cikin gidajen yanar gizo kawai don ganin an rage sama da kashi 10 cikin 100 a cikin ra'ayoyin shafi da kirga oda.<ref name="bazaarvoice.com3">{{Cite web|date=2020-07-15|title=The impact of COVID-19 on e-commerce by category|url=https://www.bazaarvoice.com/blog/the-impact-of-covid-19-on-e-commerce-by-category/|access-date=2021-04-09|website=Bazaarvoice|language=en-US}}</ref> ==== Fasahar kudi ==== Cutar ta COVID-19 ta yi sa'a, kamar ECOM, ta gabatar da iskar wutsiya zuwa amfani da gidan yanar gizo. Masu sharhi kan harkokin kudi sun yi hasashen cewa ga masu biyan kuɗi da yawa, hakan na iya haifar da sabbin halaye na siye waɗanda za su iya barin kamfanonin cikin matsayi mai ƙarfi da zarar rikicin ya ƙare. Shafukan yanar gizo na hanyar sadarwar katin kiredit kamar Visa.com, PayPal.com, da Mastercard.com sun ga kallon shafi da girman girman biyan kuɗi da aka matsa lamba ta hanyar rufe kasuwancin wucin gadi, haɓakar rashin aikin yi, da raguwar balaguron ƙasa. Saboda nisantar da jama'a da matsuguni na baya-bayan nan, waɗannan kamfanoni sun kuma ga mutane suna haɓaka kashe kuɗinsu akan layi, kamar yadda aka gani tare da haɓakar shaharar ECOM. Koyaya, don gidajen yanar gizo irin su Squareup.com, tare da ayyukan Brick-in-Mortar da yawa, rikicin ya yi musu mummunan tasiri.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Bary|first=Emily|title=Muted spending growth in pandemic doesn't cancel big opportunities for payments companies|url=https://www.marketwatch.com/story/how-can-the-companies-that-help-us-pay-for-goods-survive-a-coronavirus-shutdown-2020-04-14|access-date=2021-04-09|website=MarketWatch|language=en-US}}</ref> ==== Shafukan dillalai ==== Tare da mutane da yawa da aka kora, marasa aikin yi, rashin kuɗi, ko kuma sun gaji da lokaci mai yawa a hannunsu daga cutar ta COVID-19 da matsuguni, da yawa sun faɗa cikin kasuwancin dillali azaman sabon sha'awa ko aiki. Misali, Robinhood, wani dandali na saka hannun jari da aka kafa a cikin 2013, ya ba da damar rikicin don cin moriyarsu ta hanyar jawo miliyoyin mutane su zama wani bangare na dandalin su tun farkon barkewar cutar. Sun yi hakan ne ta hanyar tallata dandalin ciniki mai sauƙin amfani ga waɗanda za su so su zama masu saka hannun jari.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Rega|first=Sam|date=2020-10-07|title=How Robinhood and Covid opened the floodgates for 13 million amateur stock traders|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2020/10/07/how-robinhood-and-covid-introduced-millions-to-the-stock-market.html|access-date=2021-04-09|website=CNBC|language=en}}</ref> ==== Taɗi kai tsaye da gidajen yanar gizo masu yawo na bidiyo ==== Makarantu da kasuwancin duniya sun canza tsarin kasuwancin su zuwa hanyar koyo da aiki ta kan layi. Sakamakon sabon ƙa'idar taɗi ta kan layi da hanyoyin yawo na bidiyo, gidajen yanar gizo irin su Zoom.us sun ga babban ci gaba a cikin ziyarar shafi da ƙarar mai amfani. Waɗannan gidajen yanar gizon sun ba abokan ciniki damar; tsoron kamuwa da cutar; hanyar sadarwa mara haɗari, koyo, da aiki.<ref>{{Cite web|title=How Have Websites Changed to Accommodate COVID 19|url=https://www.revize.com/blog/how-have-websites-changed-to-accommodate-covid-19/|access-date=2021-04-09|website=www.revize.com}}</ref> ==A kafofin sada zumunta== Yawancin memes<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gpbnews.org/post/coronavirus-goes-viral-how-online-meme-culture-reflects-our-shared-experience-global-pandemic|title=Coronavirus Goes Viral: How Online Meme Culture Reflects Our Shared Experience Of A Global Pandemic|last=Prescott|first=Emilia Brock, Pria Mahadevan, Virginia|website=www.gpbnews.org|language=en|access-date=10 April 2020|archive-date=23 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200523194059/https://www.gpbnews.org/post/coronavirus-goes-viral-how-online-meme-culture-reflects-our-shared-experience-global-pandemic|url-status=dead}}</ref> (musamman a cikin nau'ikan nishaɗin fasaha,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.smh.com.au/culture/art-and-design/an-egg-a-pringle-some-lego-aussies-attempt-diy-art-masterpieces-20200421-p54lu0.html|title=An egg, a Pringle, some Lego: Aussies attempt DIY art masterpieces|last=Miller|first=Nick|date=2 April 2020|website=The Sydney Morning Herald|language=en|access-date=22 April 2020}}</ref> waƙoƙi,<ref name="Pandemic pop3">{{Cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/music/story/2020-03-20/cardi-b-coronavirus-dj-imarkkeyz-pandemic-pop|title=Pandemic pop: At home and around the world, dark-humored new songs about coronavirus go viral|date=2 March 2020|website=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US|access-date=19 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200401082158/https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/music/story/2020-03-20/cardi-b-coronavirus-dj-imarkkeyz-pandemic-pop|archive-date=1 April 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> da bidiyoyi<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.afr.com/technology/online-life-explodes-with-covid-19-memes-and-hand-washing-tiktoks-20200318-p54bc7|title=Online life explodes with COVID-19 memes, and hand-washing TikToks|date=2 March 2020|website=Australian Financial Review|language=en|access-date=10 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200321152138/https://www.afr.com/technology/online-life-explodes-with-covid-19-memes-and-hand-washing-tiktoks-20200318-p54bc7|archive-date=21 March 2020|url-status=live}}</ref>) an ƙirƙira su, kuma an raba su tsakanin ɗimbin ɗimbin masu ƙirƙira abun ciki mai son daga cikin gidajensu a lokacin kadaici lokaci kanta. === Juyawa === Yayin bala'in cutar, aikace-aikacen kafofin watsa labarun [[TikTok]] ya fi girma,<ref name=":02">{{Cite web|last=Molla|first=Rani|date=2021-03-01|title=Posting less, posting more, and tired of it all: How the pandemic has changed social media|url=https://www.vox.com/recode/22295131/social-media-use-pandemic-covid-19-instagram-tiktok|access-date=2021-04-09|website=Vox|language=en}}</ref> yana ba da rance ga sabbin abubuwa da yawa a cikin al'adun gargajiya na dijital ciki har da wasannin bidiyo kamar ''Ketare dabbobi'', ''Daga cikinmu'' da ''Tasirin Genshin'', burodin ayaba, ''memes Tiger King'' memes., da keɓe masu ciwo.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Schoenberg|first=Nara|title=Americans are drinking quarantinis with Cuomosexuals. Your guide to quarantine culture.|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/coronavirus/ct-life-coronavirus-quarantine-culture-tt-04282020-20200430-ivdff37ilzgc5jo7kbyrigrvgi-story.html|access-date=2021-04-10|website=chicagotribune.com}}</ref> Karuwar shaharar TikTok ya haifar da haɓaka abubuwan kamanni a kan sauran dandamali na kafofin watsa labarun, kamar [[Instagram|Instagram Reels]] da YouTube Shorts . === Amfani da kafofin watsa labarun === Kodayake amfani da kafofin watsa labarun ya ƙaru gabaɗaya, ayyukan aika aika ya ragu. Wannan ya faru ne saboda dalilai da yawa, kamar rashin samun ƙasa don rabawa ko ma jin laifi ko jin tsoron koma baya bayan halartar ayyuka marasa aminci. Masu amfani da yawa sun ji cewa bai dace a raba saƙon farin ciki ko na murna a cikin irin wannan yanayi mai daɗi ba.<ref name=":02" /> Don haka, karuwar ayyukan kafofin watsa labarun ya haifar da damuwa ga masu amfani da su, wanda ya sa su bar shafukan yanar gizon kafin su sake shiga.<ref name=":02" /> === Damuwa === A farkon barkewar cutar, wani bincike da Gao J. Zheng ya gudanar ya nuna yadda matsalar rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa ta yawaita, wanda ke da nasaba da yawaitar shiga shafukan sada zumunta.<ref name=":22">{{Cite journal|last1=Bhat|first6=Basant|pmc=7207131|issn=0889-1591|doi=10.1016/j.bbi.2020.05.006|pages=136–137|volume=87|journal=Brain, Behavior, and Immunity|title=Sentiment analysis of social media response on the Covid19 outbreak|date=July 2020|last6=Agarwal|first1=Muzafar|first5=Naffi|last5=Ahanger|first4=Majid|last4=Kundroo|first3=Noor-ul-Asrar|last3=Beg|first2=Monisa|last2=Qadri|pmid=32418721}}</ref> Lokacin da aka aiwatar da odar zaman-gida, matasa sun nuna rashin jin daɗi fiye da sauran rukunin shekaru saboda da yawa sun yi kuskuren tunanin ba sa cikin mutanen da ke cikin haɗarin.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Basch|first1=Corey H.|last2=Hillyer|first2=Grace C.|last3=Jaime|first3=Christie|date=2020-08-10|title=COVID-19 on TikTok: harnessing an emerging social media platform to convey important public health messages|url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/ijamh-2020-0111/html|journal=International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health|language=en|doi=10.1515/ijamh-2020-0111|pmid=32776899|s2cid=221098586|issn=2191-0278|doi-access=free}}</ref> Kafofin watsa labarun sun kasance daya daga cikin abubuwan da suka haifar da irin wannan takaici. Misali, yawancin posts akan [[TikTok|TikTok suna mai da]] hankali kan damuwar matasa saboda nisantar da jama'a da warewa.<ref name=":22" /> Irin waɗannan halaye marasa kyau sun yadu cikin sauri akan TikTok.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=July 2021}} Ba kamar TikTok ba, wanda yawancin masu amfani da shi matasa ne, gaba ɗaya halin cutar ta bambanta akan [[Twitter]] . <ref name=":22" /> Misali, wani bincike akan masu amfani da Twitter yayin bala'in yana nuna gabaɗayan ingantattun ra'ayoyi. <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal}}</ref> Daga cikin [[Twitter|masu amfani da Twitter,]] masu amfani da 48,157 (51.97%) sun bayyana ra'ayoyin masu kyau, yayin da 31,553 (34.05%) ba su da tsaka tsaki, da sauran tweets - wanda ya kai 12,936 (13.96%) - ya nuna mummunan motsin rai. Babban dalilin da ke bayan shaharar ra'ayi mai kyau shine yawancin mutane har yanzu suna godiya ga gwamnati da ma'aikatan lafiya duk da damuwar su.<ref name=":22" /> == A cikin wasanni == COVID-19 ya tilasta wa wahala da yanke shawara ta hanyar kuɗi akan masana'antar wasanni. Kusan duk wani babban taron wasanni a masana'antar taron-abun-zuwa an soke shi, an motsa shi, ko kuma a jinkirta shi a tsakiyar barkewar. A matsayin rashin jin daɗi na abubuwan da suka kunno kai daga rikicin, masu sha'awar wasanni sun kasance cikin damuwa yayin da wasu ƙungiyoyin da suka fi so aka tilasta su janye daga takamaiman gasa ko ma kakar wasa gaba ɗaya. Misali, a cikin Maris 2020, a lokacin Sweet 16, an tilasta wa Rams janye matsayinsu a gasar bayan 'yan wasa da yawa sun kama kwayar COVID-19. Jadawalin haɓaka kudaden shiga na 2019-2020 na YoY da aka jera akan Mujallar Forbes ya nuna cewa haɓakar kuɗin shiga na YoY ya ragu sosai don manyan wasannin motsa jiki saboda waɗannan sokewar.<ref name=":2" /> Jadawalin 2020 daga Mujallar Forbes yana nuna kwatancen haɓakar kudaden shiga na manyan wasannin wasanni daga 2019-2020.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Birnbaum|first=Justin|title=Major Sports Leagues Lost Jaw-Dropping Amount Of Money In 2020|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/justinbirnbaum/2021/03/06/major-sports-leagues-lost-jaw-dropping-amount-of-money-in-2020/|access-date=2021-04-09|website=Forbes|language=en}}</ref> Don wasannin Olympics na bazara na 2020, an hana masu kallo na kasashen waje{{When|date=April 2021}} daga halartar wasannin a Japan ba tare da dawo da kashi 100 ba. Bugu da ƙari, an ƙara yawan allurar rigakafin, kuma Major League Baseball ya ba da labarin don samar da wuraren rigakafin a cikin filayen wasan su. Alurar riga kafi na 'yan wasan ya kasance batun da'a, idan ya kasance bisa doka da ka'ida.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Traub|first=Matt|date=2021-03-30|title=Sports and COVID-19: The Impact on the Sports-Event Industry|url=https://www.sportstravelmagazine.com/sports-and-covid-19-what-happened-earlier-this-summer/|access-date=2021-04-10|website=SportsTravel|language=en-US}}</ref> NBA ta sanar da allurar rigakafin ba dole ba ne, amma 'yan wasan da aka yi wa allurar za su kasance masu sassauƙa. A cewar ESPN, NBA na barin ’yan wasan da aka yi wa alurar riga kafi kada su sanya abin rufe fuska a wuraren horarwa, tare da tafiye-tafiye na yanci. Kafin yin rigakafin, NBA na ci gaba da yin kumfa, inda ba a ba wa 'yan wasa damar barin ba. 'Yan wasan da ke cikin kumfa suna sanye da na'urori masu auna firikwensin don nisantar da jama'a. Ana buƙatar masu ba da rahoto waɗanda ke son shiga cikin kumfa don zazzabi da duban oxygen da gwajin COVID. An canza kujerun 'yan wasan NBA, kuma sun zama masu nisa a cikin jama'a. Ba tare da magoya bayansu ba, wasu tsofaffin kociyan NBA har yanzu suna sanye da abin rufe fuska yayin wasannin. Popovich, kocin mafi tsufa a cikin NBA, wanda ke da shekaru 77, ya ce "Ba na so in mutu", lokacin da aka tambaye shi game da sanya abin rufe fuska.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Stein|first=Marc|date=2020-08-04|title=Life Inside the N.B.A. Bubble|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/08/04/sports/nba-bubble-coronavirus.html|access-date=2021-04-10|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category:Covid-19]] [[Category:Shafuka masu Fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] hhk5st4c9zfpb9a7r9l58i08zqsrq7w 0 27484 826239 776703 2026-04-25T12:49:35Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826239 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cleopatra Koheirwe''' ƴar wasan kwaikwayo ce, marubuci, mawaƙa kuma ƴar jarida ƴar ƙasar [[Uganda]]. Ta fara fitowa akan allo a matsayin Joy in ''The Last King of Scotland'' a cikin 2006. Tun daga wannan lokacin ta sami matsayi da yawa akan ayyukan fina-finai da talabijin daban-daban a cikin gida da na duniya ciki har da rawar kan Netflix's ''Sense8'' a matsayin Uwa a cikin kakar 2.<ref>{{cite web|title=Ugandan actress Cleopatra Koheirwe stars in a Netflix series|url=https://guru8.net/2017/05/uugandan-actress-cleopatra-koheirwe-stars-in-a-netflix-series/|website=Guru8|access-date=17 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170712194554/https://guru8.net/2017/05/uugandan-actress-cleopatra-koheirwe-stars-in-a-netflix-series/|archive-date=12 July 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Cleopatra Koheirwe stars in a Netflix series|url=http://www.showbizuganda.com/cleopatra-koheirwe-stars-in-a-netflix-series/|website=Showbiz Uganda|access-date=18 May 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Meet Cleopatra Koheirwe; Uganda's Most Talented Actress, Writer And Singer|url=http://chimpreports.com/entertainment/4399-meet-cleopatra-koheirwe-ugandas-most-talented-actress-writer-and-singer/|website=Chimpreports|access-date=27 April 2012|archive-date=27 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170827172409/http://chimpreports.com/entertainment/4399-meet-cleopatra-koheirwe-ugandas-most-talented-actress-writer-and-singer/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Cleopatra tana wasa Ebony a cikin sabon [[Nana Kagga]] wanda ya ba da umarni kuma ya samar da jerin ''Tunani'' tare da sauran mashahuran Uganda Malaika Nnyanzi, Housen Mushema, Andrew Kyamagero, Prynce Joel Okuyo da Gladys Oyenbot.<ref>{{cite web|title=Cleopatra Koheirwe: Actress Extraordinaire|url=https://jump.ug/lifestyle-n-entertainment/cleopatra-koheirwe-actress-extraordinaire-jump-uganda|website=Jump by Vodafone|access-date=16 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170827174114/https://jump.ug/lifestyle-n-entertainment/cleopatra-koheirwe-actress-extraordinaire-jump-uganda|archive-date=27 August 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title= Behind The Scenes part 1 {{!}} Ugandan TV Series 'Reflections' kick off filming |url= http://www.doberre.com/behind-scenes-part-1-ugandan-tv-series-reflections-kick-off-filming |website= Doberre |access-date= 9 May 2018}}</ref> Koheirwe ya shiga StarTimes Uganda a watan Yuni 2019 a matsayin sabon Manajan Hulɗa da Jama'a.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Nanteza |first1=Bridget |title=Radio Personality Cleopatra Lands Juicy Gig at StarTimes Uganda |url=https://chimpreports.com/radio-personality-cleopatra-lands-juicy-gig-at-startimes-uganda/ |access-date=10 July 2019 |agency=Chimpreports}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Sexy Cleopatra Koheirwe Joins StarTimes Uganda As PR Manager |url=http://www.howwebiz.ug/news/celebrity/23754/cleopatra-koheirwe-joins-startimes-uganda-as-pr-manager |access-date=10 July 2019 |agency=Howwe}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Radio City 'Queen' named StarTimes PR Manager |url=http://www.secondopinion-pl.com/radio-city-queen-named-startimes-pr-manager/ |access-date=10 July 2019 |agency=Second Opinion |archive-date=10 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190710161137/https://www.secondopinion-pl.com/radio-city-queen-named-startimes-pr-manager/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Sana'a == === Kiɗa (tun 2001) === A shekara ta 2001, ta shiga cikin shahararriyar ƙungiyar kiɗa, raye-raye da wasan kwaikwayo da ake kira Obsessions (yanzu Obsessions Africa) har zuwa Maris 2007 lokacin da ta yi murabus daga ƙungiyar don ci gaba a kan hanyarta.<ref>{{cite web|title=Cleopatra Koheirwe and Diana Kahunde for Hellen Lukoma|url=http://www.satisfashionug.com/cleopatra-koheirwe-and-diana-kahunde-for-hellen-lukoma/|website=Satisfashion|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref> A cikin 2010, ta fara aiki a kan aikinta na rera waƙa bayan abokai da magoya bayanta sun ƙarfafa ta ta sake yin wasan. Waƙar ta na farko mai suna Ngamba, kalmar Luganda wadda ke nufin, "Faɗa min" waƙar faɗo ce, game da alaƙar yaudara. An karɓo waƙar da kyau kuma an ba da wasan kwaikwayo a wasu gidajen rediyo a Uganda.<ref>{{cite web|title=Cleopatra back to singing by Isaac ssejjombwe|url=http://www.musicuganda.com/Cleo.html|website=Music Uganda|access-date=2021-11-24|archive-date=2017-10-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171006025537/http://www.musicuganda.com/Cleo.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> A ƙarshen 2011, Cleopatra ya rattaba hannu kan lakabin Cypher Studios a ƙarƙashin kulawar Jimmy 'The Beatmekah' Okungu. Ta saki bidiyon kiɗan solo ɗinta na farko don waƙarta mai suna "Party on My Mind" a cikin Afrilu 2012 tare da haɗin gwiwa tare da ɗan wasan rawa na Kenya Levysill a kan waƙar ta ta uku "Lay You Down" a cikin 2013. Bidiyo da faifan sauti na ma'auratan biyu sun yi nasarar samun wasan kwaikwayo mai ban sha'awa a talabijin da gidajen rediyo a gabashin Afirka, musamman Kenya da Uganda. Cleopatra ta rubuta yawancin waƙoƙinta da suka yi wahayi zuwa ga abubuwan da ke kewaye da ita, abubuwan da ta faru da na wasu. === Mai watsa shiri na rediyo (tun 2003) === Gwarzon rediyo na farko na Cleopatra ta kasance a mita 91.3 Capital FM (Uganda) a cikin 2003/2004 a matsayin mai ba da gudummawa a kan ''Drive Time Show'' (Now ''Overdrive Show'' ) daga 3pm zuwa 7pm. Ta kuma gabatar da ''shirin Breakfast na Mafarki'' a ranar Asabar daga 6 na safe zuwa 10 na safe tare da Hakeem Saga aka. Hakeem the Dream. A shekara ta 2008, ta yi aiki a KIU FM mai masaukin baƙi ''The Left Drive'' daga karfe 3 na yamma zuwa karfe 7 na yamma da kuma shirinta na ''Rock & Soul'' ranar Asabar daga ƙarfe 10 na dare zuwa karfe 2 na rana. A shekarar 2011, ta koma gidan rediyo kuma tana gudanar da wani shiri mai suna ''The Jam'' a gidan rediyon Radiocity 97fm duk ranar Litinin zuwa Juma'a tsakanin karfe 3 na yamma zuwa ƙarfe 7 na yamma tare da tsohon abokin aikinta, Hakeem Saga. A cikin 2013, yayin da har yanzu take a Radiocity 97Fm, ta zama mai ɗaukar nauyin nunin U-Request. Ta ɗauki hutun haihuwa a watan Disamba 2013 kuma ta tafi Kenya. A cikin Oktoba 2016, ta koma aiki a Radiocity a matsayin mai daukar nauyin ''Mujallar Mid-Morning'' tare da Peace Menya har zuwa karshen Mayu 2019 lokacin da ta koma StarTimes. === Talabijin === ==== Mai watsa shiri na Talabijin (2004-2013) ==== Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai watsa shirye-shiryen TV, musamman a WBS TV tsakanin 2004 zuwa 2009. Ta shirya shirye-shirye kamar; ''Mujallar Showtime'', shirin tafiye-tafiye, fasaha, wasan kwaikwayo, kiɗa, fina-finai da halayen mutum, ''Haɗu da Shugabanninmu'', shirin da ta yi hira da ƴan majalisar dokoki kuma ta zagaya da su a mazabar su tana magana game da kyawawan ayyukan da suke yi, ''Fitness Watch''.<ref>{{cite web|title=Tusker Project Fame Kampala Auditions Set|url=http://www.ugandaonline.net/news/view/14228/tusker_project_fame_kampala_auditions_set|website=Uganda Online|access-date=29 August 2013|archive-date=26 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240226163547/https://www.ugandaonline.net/news/view/14228/tusker_project_fame_kampala_auditions_set|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Cleopatra Koheirwe Unveils Her Prince Handsome|url=http://bigeye.ug/cleopatra-koheirwe-unveils-her-prince-handsome/|website=Big Eye|access-date=6 September 2013|archive-date=14 September 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130914055424/http://bigeye.ug/cleopatra-koheirwe-unveils-her-prince-handsome/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Cleopatra to keep her style 'Casual Smart" at the #TPF Kampala auditions|url=http://www.satisfashionug.com/cleopatra-to-keep-her-style-casual-smart-at-the-tpf-kampala-auditions/|website=Satisfashion|access-date=6 September 2013}}</ref> lafiya da natsuwa inda ta ɗauki masu kallo wasan motsa jiki tare da ba da shawarwarin lafiya. A cikin 2013, ta kasance baƙo deejay/mai gabatarwa a shirin TV na Citizen ''Sakata Mashariki'' a Kenya. ==== Alƙalin Talabijin (2011-2013) ==== A cikin 2011, an zaɓe ta don zama alkali a kan shirin WBS TV mai suna ''The Icon'', wasan kwaikwayon da ke neman tauraron TV na gaba. A cikin 2012, ta kasance alƙali a kan wasan kwaikwayo na kiɗa mai suna ''UG Factor'', wanda ake neman tauraron kiɗa na gaba na gaba. A cikin Satumba 2013, Cleopatra ya shiga Flavia Tumusiime da Tusker Project Fame alkali kuma mawaƙa [[Juliana Kanyomozi]] a matsayin alƙalan sauraron sauraron Tusker Project Fame 6 a Kampala. An ba su aikin tantancewa da zabar wakilan Uganda a Kwalejin Fame na Tusker Project da ke [[Nairobi]], Kenya. A cikin 2013, ta kasance alƙali na baƙo a kan wasan kwaikwayon baiwa na M-Net ''mai taken Maisha Superstar'' . === Yar wasan kwaikwayo === ==== Gidan wasan kwaikwayo ==== Cleopatra tana wasan kwaikwayo tun manyan makarantunta a cikin wasan kwaikwayo. Wasanta na ƙwararriyar matakin farko da ta yi aiki a ciki ita ce ''Jamhuriyar Feminia'' a matsayin mai rawa a 1999 yayin da take Kwalejin Namasagali. Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin Madam Matahari kuma mai rawa a cikin ''The Secret Agent'' a 2000. A cikin 2012, ta yi wasa a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na Tsofaffin Kwalejin Namasagali mai suna ''The Happy Life Hotel'' . Ta ci gaba da yin wasan kwaikwayo a cikin wasan kwaikwayo lokacin da ta shiga Obsessions tana taka rawar rawa a ''Cleopatra'' a cikin 2001, Gimbiya Elminia a ''Sarauniyar Sheeba'', Sarauniya a cikin ''Zuciya na Dancer'' da Sarauniya a ''Legend of the Scepter''. Ta kuma yi aiki a cikin ''Adamu da Hauwa'u''. ==== Fim da Talabijin ==== A shekara ta 2006 Cleopatra ta fito don rawar da ta taka na fim ta farko don ''The Last King of Scotland'' a cikin 2006 inda ta buga wani hali mai suna Joy. Tun daga wannan lokacin ta fito a cikin shirye-shiryen fina-finai da talabijin da yawa a cikin gida da kuma na duniya tare da samun nasarar zaɓe na wasu shirye-shiryen. Ta yi aiki akan Canje-canje: jerin shirye-shiryen TV na M-Net a cikin yanayi na 1 da 2 a cikin rawar tallafi a matsayin Nanziri Mayanja daga 2008 zuwa 2010, ''Ku kasance Mai Shari'a'', jerin talabijin na gida na Kenya kamar Lucy Mango a cikin 2010, ''fim ɗin Yogera'' (2011) yana wasa. rawar jagoranci sau biyu, fim ɗin Ofishin Bincike na Jiha (SRB) (2011) a cikin rawar tallafi kamar Faith Katushabe. Ta kuma yi aiki a ''Kona'', wani jerin shirye-shiryen TV na M-Net inda ta buga Jakki, ɗan damben wannabe da ke kokarin sake haduwa da mahaifinta, kocin dambe. Ta bayyana a cikin ''Sense8'', a Netflix Original Series a matsayin Uwa. Cleopatra aka kafa don bayyana a cikin sabon Nana Kagga directed TV jerin ''Tunani'' kamar yadda katakon kanya, daya daga cikin manyan hudu protagonists daga cikin jerin. === Marubuci (tun 2005) === Cleopatra ita ce marubucin ma’aikacin majagaba sannan kuma Celebrity & Features Editan a ''Mujallar Mata ta Afirka'' daga 2005 lokacin da aka fara mujallar, har zuwa Yuli 2012. Ta yi rubutu mai zaman kansa don Mujallar Kiwon Lafiya da Tsabtace, ''Magazine7'', kuma ta ba da gudummawa ga gidajen yanar gizo kamar Music Uganda da UG Pulse. Cleopatra kuma ya kasance mai ba da gudummawa ga Mujallar Drum Kenya daga 2014 zuwa 2015. === Aikin motsa jiki === Cleopatra tana son ƙarfafawa da jagoranci mutane musamman matasa. A cikin 2011, ta shiga kuma ta fito a wani kamfen mai suna 'Speak Out-No Tsoro', wanda ya saba wa cin zarafi a cikin gida da cin zarafin yara a ƙarƙashin Shirin Fadakarwa na Gida & Kariyar Yara. A cikin 2012 Cleopatra ya tuntuɓi darektan Unlock Foundation, wata kungiya mai zaman kanta da ke neman magance matsalolin ilimi a makarantun karkara na Afirka, kuma ta nemi shiga cikin yakin neman hoto wanda ke ba da kwarin gwiwa ga matasa. Halinta da aikinta a masana'antar daga baya sun sami nasarar zaɓe ta don Teeniez Role Model a Buzz Teeniez Awards 2013. Har ila yau, a cikin 2012, Reach a Hand Uganda (RAHU), wata ƙungiya mai zaman kanta da ke da nufin karfafawa matasa, ta zaɓe ta don yin magana da matasa a makarantu daban-daban. Bayan sun kammala rangadin makaranta, RAHU ta yaba mata a matsayin 'Mai jagoranci na mako'. Cleopatra ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin gumakan al'adu na farko a Reach a Hand Uganda (RAHU) kuma ta kasance mai himma har zuwa 2014 lokacin da ta huta daga wurin aiki don renon ɗanta. == Horowa == A watan Agustan 2017, ta kasance cikin ƙwararrun ƴan fim guda shida da aka zaɓa daga Afirka, tare da ɗan wasan Najeriya mai nasara OC Ukeje don halartar babban taron bita na makonni 3 / horo a Los Angeles a Makarantar Relativity ta Los Angeles Center Studios (LACS) . An ba ta satifiket a cikin Acting for Camera. A cikin 2010 yayin da ake shirye-shiryen harba CHANGES kakar 2, Cleopatra da babban simintin gyare-gyaren da suka haɗa da Nick Mutuma, Pierra Makena, [[Nini Wacera]], [[Patricia Kihoro]] an ɗauke su ta hanyar horar da wasan kwaikwayo na The Meisner Technique ta Rob Mello, ƙwararren mai horar da ƴan wasan daga Rob Mello Studios [[Atlanta]], Amurka. == Asalin ilimi == Cleopatra tayi karatu a Nakasero Primary School (PLE), Bugema Adventist Secondary School (UCE) da Namasagali College (UACE) da kuma Jami'ar Makerere . Ta kammala karatun digiri ne a fannin ilimin zamantakewa. Har ila yau, tana da Takaddun shaida a Aikin Jarida na Jama'a daga Jami'ar Afirka ta Kudu (UNISA) . == Rayuwa ta sirri == An haifi Cleopatra ga Jocelyn Twinesanyu "Sanyu" Rwekikiga da Anthony Abamwikirize Bateyo a 1982. Ba ta taba haduwa da mahaifinta da aka kashe a lokacin mulkin Obote II ba. Cleopatra ta haifi jaririnta na farko a cikin 2014 tare da saurayi Lwanda Jawar, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Kenya, abin ƙira, kuma darekta / mai gudanarwa.<ref>{{cite web|title=Cleopatra Reveals That She Is Pregnant.|url=http://bigeye.ug/cleopatra-reveals-that-she-is-pregnant/|website=Big Eye|access-date=17 September 2013|archive-date=20 September 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130920030042/http://bigeye.ug/cleopatra-reveals-that-she-is-pregnant/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ta haifi yarinya mai suna Aviana Twine Jawar a ranar 22 ga Janairu 2014.<ref>{{cite web|title=Top Radio Presenter celebrates her bundle of Joy|url=https://www.sde.co.ke/article/2000113898/top-radio-presenter-celebrates-her-bundle-of-joy|website=SDK Kenya}}</ref> Ta sa ƴarta Twine sunan mahaifiyarta Twinesanyu.<ref>{{cite web|title=Cleopatra, Lwanda Welcome Baby Girl|url=http://www.showbizuganda.com/cleopatra-lwanda-welcome-baby-girl/|website=Showbiz Uganda|access-date=24 January 2014|archive-date=27 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170827214554/http://www.showbizuganda.com/cleopatra-lwanda-welcome-baby-girl/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Sannan ta huta daga sana’ar da take yi don rainon jaririnta. == Fina-finai == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara ! Jerin Fim/TV ! Matsayi ! Bayanan kula |- | rowspan="2" | 2021 | ''Daraja'' | Eunice Samula Kintu | Jerin TV yana nunawa akan Pearl Magic Prime |- | ''Juniors Drama Club (JDC)'' | Malama Gabriella | Alan Manzi ne ya bada umarni |- | 2019 | ''Kyaddala'' | Rahu Counsellor | A Isa Hannun Uganda da Emmanuel Ikubese Films suna shirya akan NBS |- | rowspan="3" | 2018 | ''#Iyali'' | Leah | Nabwiso Films TV series. |- | ''Mela'' | Nawa Katende | Savannah MOON Yanar Gizo |- | ''27 Bindiga'' | Alice Kaboyo | Natasha Museveni ta shirya fim |- | 2017 | ''Tunani'' | Ebony | Jerin TV masu zuwa masu zuwa wanda [[Nana Kagga|Nana Kagga Macpherson ya kirkira kuma ya jagoranta]] |- | 2016 | ''Hankali8'' | Uwa | Jerin TV wanda The Wachowskis ya kirkira kuma ya jagoranta |- | 2013 | ''Kona'' | Jakki | Telenovela na Kenya |- | rowspan="2" | 2011 | ''Ofishin Bincike na Jiha'' | Faith Katushabe | rawar goyon baya |- | ''Yogera'' | Fatan / G | gubar biyu |- | 2010 | ''Ka zama Alkali'' | Lucy Mango | jerin talabijin na cikin gida na Kenya |- | 2008-10 | ''Canje-canje'' | Nanziri Mayanja | jerin DSTV na Kenya a cikin yanayi na 1 & 2 a cikin rawar tallafi |- | 2006 | ''Sarkin Scotland na Ƙarshe'' | Murna | rawar goyon baya |- |} == Naɗin sarauta da kyaututtuka == {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="5" style="background: #FBFC8A;" |Kyauta |- style="background:#ccc; text-align:center;" ! Shekara ! Kyauta ! Rukuni ! Aiki ! Sakamako |- | 2021 | Uganda Film Festival Awards | Mafi kyawun Jaruma a Wasan kwaikwayo na TV | Daraja | {{Nom}}<ref>{{cite web |last1=Asingwire |first1=Nicholas |title=UCC Unveils Nominees for 2021 Uganda Film Festival |url=https://kampalapost.com/index.php/content/ucc-unveils-nominees-2021-uganda-film-festival |website=Kampala Post |access-date=19 March 2021 |archive-date=10 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210410144209/http://kampalapost.com/index.php/content/ucc-unveils-nominees-2021-uganda-film-festival |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | 2013 | Kyautar RTV | Mafi kyawun mai gabatar da rediyon mata na Sabuwa | Radiocity FM | {{Nom}} |- | 2013 | Bikin Fina-Finai na Ƙasashen Duniya na Nile Diaspora (NDIFF) | Fitacciyar Jaruma | Kyautar Honoree | An karrama shi da lambar yabo ta Maverick Industry |- | 2013 | Rediyo & Television Academy Awards (RTVAA) Uganda | Mafi kyawun Nunin La'asar-Turanci | Jam a Radiocity 97Fm | {{Won}} |- | 2013 | Buzz Teeniez Awards | Teeniez Role Model || {{Nom}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Young mulo tops buzz awards nominees' list|url=http://www.monitor.co.ug/artsculture/Entertainment/Young-mulo-tops-buzz-awards-nominees--list/812796-1754578-122k1uhz/index.html|website=Daily Monitor|access-date=22 April 2013}}</ref> |- | 2012 | Super Talent Awards | Jaruma Mafi Hazaka || {{Nom}} |- | 2012 | Pearl International Film Festival Awards (PIFFA) Uganda | Mafi kyawun Jaruma Mai Tallafawa | Ofishin Bincike na Jiha | {{Nom}} |- | 2011 | Kalasha Film &amp;amp; Television Awards, Kenya | Mafi kyawun Jaruma a Wasan kwaikwayo na TV | Ka zama Alkali | {{Nom}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Vote for your 3rd edition Kalasha Awards winner|url=http://www.capitalfm.co.ke/lifestyle/2011/09/08/kalasha-awards-3rd-edition-just-around-the-corner/|website=Capital FM, Kenya|access-date=8 September 2011}}</ref> |- |} == Manazarta == {{reflist|2}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{IMDb name|2389441}} * Cleopatra Koheirwe on Facebook [[Category:Mutanen Uganda]] [[Category:Ƴan Fim]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 00qp98urpkdf1c1ifw33jh54kp6jogv 0 28140 826373 821145 2026-04-25T23:04:40Z ~2026-22514-03 43926 826373 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Boomplay_Music_Logo.png|230px|right|thumbnail|Tambarin Boomplay Music]] '''Boomplay Music''' sabis ne mai yawo da zazzagewa ta hanyar Transsnet Music Limited.<ref>{{cite web|title=About Us|url=http://www.boomplaymusic.com/aboutUs|website=Boomplay Music Official Website|access-date=2021-12-20|archive-date=2020-09-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200924135711/https://www.boomplaymusic.com/aboutUs|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Marsh|first1=Jenni|title=The Chinese phone giant that beat Apple to Africa|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2018/10/10/tech/tecno-phones-africa/index.html|access-date=11 October 2018|publisher=CNN}}</ref>Kamfanin TECNO Mobile, Transsion Holdings ne ya fara kaddamar da wannan hidimar a [[Najeriya]] a shekarar 2015. Boomplay yana da freemium da sabis na tushen biyan kuɗi; Fasali na asali kyauta ne tare da tallace-tallace ko iyakancewa, yayin da ƙarin fasaloli, kamar zazzagewa don wasan layi da sauraron talla ta hanyar biyan kuɗi.<ref>{{cite web|title=About Us|url=http://www.boomplaymusic.com/aboutUs|website=Boomplay Music Official Website|access-date=2021-12-20|archive-date=2020-09-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200924135711/https://www.boomplaymusic.com/aboutUs|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=BOOMPLAY: DESCRIPTION, GO LIVE TIME, TERRITORIES, HOW THEY SELL YOUR MUSIC, PAY RATE|url=https://support.tunecore.com/hc/en-gb/articles/115006509207-Boomplay-Description-Go-Live-Time-Territories-How-They-Sell-Your-Music-Pay-Rate|publisher=TuneCore|access-date=16 September 2018|archive-date=16 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180916235254/https://support.tunecore.com/hc/en-gb/articles/115006509207-Boomplay-Description-Go-Live-Time-Territories-How-They-Sell-Your-Music-Pay-Rate|url-status=dead}}</ref> A halin yanzu ana samun sabis ɗin don amfani da Yanar Gizo, Android da iOS. Tun daga watan Agusta 3, 2018, Boomplay Music ya yi rikodin shigarwa miliyan 10 daga shagon Google Play App.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Punch Newspapers|title=BOOMPLAY Music records 10 million installations off Google Play store.|url=https://punchng.com/boomplay-music-records-10-million-installations-off-google-play-store/|website=Punch Newspapers|access-date=2 September 2018}}</ref> A halin yanzu yana da masu amfani da miliyan 75.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://musically.com/2020/10/11strikes-merlin-deal-and-says-its-grown-to-75m-users/|title=Boomplay strikes Merlin deal and says it's grown to 75m users|last1=Forde|first1=Eamonn|date=December 11, 2019|work=Musically|access-date=11 December 2019|publisher=Musically}}{{Dead link|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Tarihi == Waƙar Boomplay ta fi mai da hankali kan abubuwan kiɗan gida da na birni na Afirka kuma an fara ƙaddamar da ita a Najeriya a cikin 2015. Kiɗa na Boomplay ya fito da "Boomplay Music Version 2.1" a cikin Maris 2016 yana gabatar da Premium Subscription ɗin sa wanda ya ƙunshi sabis na biyan kuɗi, sauraren talla da zazzagewa don wasan layi.<ref>{{cite web|title=About Us|url=http://www.boomplaymusic.com/aboutUs|website=Boomplay Music Official Website|access-date=2021-12-20|archive-date=2020-09-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200924135711/https://www.boomplaymusic.com/aboutUs|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Adepoju|first1=Adekunle|title=New Name And New Features For TECNO's Boom Player|url=https://techproducts.com.ng/new-name-and-new-features-for-tecnos-boom-player/|access-date=16 September 2018|archive-date=16 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180916164129/https://techproducts.com.ng/new-name-and-new-features-for-tecnos-boom-player/|url-status=dead}}</ref> A cikin Maris 2017 Boomplay Music ya fito da Shafin 3.0 wanda ya ƙunshi sabon tambari, sake fasalin Interface Mai amfani, fasalin da ke biyo baya da kuma gabatar da sabon fasalin "Buzz" wanda ke ba masu amfani damar samun damar samun labarai na nishaɗi ba tare da barin app ba.<ref>{{cite web|title=About Us|url=http://www.boomplaymusic.com/aboutUs|website=Boomplay Music Official Website|access-date=2021-12-20|archive-date=2020-09-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200924135711/https://www.boomplaymusic.com/aboutUs|url-status=dead}}</ref> A cikin 2017, ta sami lambar yabo ta 'Best African App' a Kyautar Innovation na AppsAfrica a [[Cape Town]], Afirka ta Kudu<ref>{{cite news|last1=Nwanne|first1=Chucks|title=With international recognition, Boomplay Music set for bigger exploits|url=https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/with-international-recognition-boomplay-music-set-for-bigger-exploits/|access-date=16 September 2018}}{{Dead link|date=July 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Ilado|first1=Lucy|title=Boomplay Music reaches new milestone|url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/boomplay-music-reaches-new-milestone|access-date=16 September 2018}}</ref> kuma a ranar 14 ga Afrilu, 2017 ta sanar da haɗin gwiwa tare da TuneCore.<ref>{{cite web|last1=O.|first1=Kevin|title=NEW STORE ALERT: BOOMPLAY MUSIC|url=https://www.tunecore.com/blog/2017/04/new-store-alert-boomplay-music.html|access-date=16 September 2018}}</ref> A ranar 5 ga Nuwamba 2018, Boomplay [https://www.waybacksongs.com/ Music] ya amince da yarjejeniya tare da Ƙungiyar Kiɗa ta Duniya don rarraba abun ciki daga alamun kiɗan na Universal.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Dimeji-Ajayi|first1=Damilola|title=Partnership In Africa: Universal Music Group And Boomplay|url=https://guardian.ng/life/music/partnership-in-africa-universal-music-group-and-boomplay/|website=The Guardian|access-date=12 November 2018|archive-date=13 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181113025616/https://guardian.ng/life/music/partnership-in-africa-universal-music-group-and-boomplay/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=BOOMPLAY AND UNIVERSAL MUSIC GROUP ANNOUNCE LANDMARK DISTRIBUTION PARTNERSHIP IN AFRICA|url=https://www.universalmusic.com/boomplay-universal-music-group-announce-landmark-distribution-partnership-africa/|website=Universal Music|access-date=12 November 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=UMG becomes first major to license to Africa's largest streaming service|url=https://musicbiznation.com/business/universal-first-major-license-boomplay/|publisher=Music Biz Nation}}</ref> Yarjejeniyar ta kawo babban kasida ta UMG na masu fasaha na gida da na duniya ciki har da [[Eminem]], [[Tekno (mawaki)|Tekno]], Post Malone, [[Nicki Minaj]], Lady Zamar, Lil Wayne, [[Bob Marley]], Brenda Fassie, Wurld, J. Cole, Dr Tumi, Nasty C, 6lack, Diana Ross, Hugh Masekela, Jon Bellion, [[Lady Gaga]], Tamia, Maroon 5, AKA & Anatii, Tjan, Jah Prayzah, Nonso Bassey, Mafikizolo, Cina Soul, Ella Mai, and Mr Eazi to its users.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.boomplaymusic.com/pressDetail?id=1|title=Boomplay Music - Press Detail|website=www.boomplaymusic.com|access-date=2019-04-22}}</ref> A cikin Disamba 2018, an fitar da sigar iOS ta app. A cikin Maris 2019, Boomplay ya sanar da yarjejeniyar lasisi tare da Warner Music Group.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/business/8502648/africa-streaming-platform-boomplay-licensing-deal-warner-music|title=Africa's Biggest Streaming Platform Boomplay Signs Licensing Deal With Warner Music|website=Billboard|access-date=2019-03-16}}</ref> Sharuɗɗan haɗin gwiwar sun ba da damar Boomplay don rarraba kasida mai yawa na Warner Music na fiye da waƙoƙi miliyan ɗaya ga al'ummar masu sauraron sa a ƙasashe goma; Kamaru, Cote d'Ivoire, Ghana, Kenya, Najeriya, Rwanda, [[Senegal]], Tanzania, [[Uganda]] da Zambia.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.boomplaymusic.com/pressDetail?id=3|title=Boomplay Music - Press Detail|website=www.boomplaymusic.com|access-date=2019-04-22}}</ref> A cikin Maris 2019, Boomplay ya sami nasarar kammala jerin kuɗaɗen dalar Amurka miliyan 20 wanda Maison Capital ke jagoranta sannan Seas Capital da sauran masu saka hannun jari na dabaru suka biyo baya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/business/8505765/boomplay-africa-streaming-raises-20-million-funding|title=Boomplay, Africa's Biggest Streaming Platform, Raises $20M in Funding|website=Billboard|access-date=2019-04-22}}</ref> A cikin 2021 an ba da sanarwar cewa Boomplay yana aiki tare da ɗan kasuwan Croatian Centili don haɓaka samfuran biyan kuɗi na bayanai. Abokan ciniki suna samun maki waɗanda za a iya amfani da su don musayar bayanai, za su iya shiga cikin talla da gasa don cin nasara bayanai, kuma suna iya ba da bayanai ga wasu masu amfani. An kaddamar da wannan fasalin a Najeriya tun da farko, amma ana sa ran za a yada shi zuwa sauran kasashen da Boomplay ke aiki a cikinsu.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://omnisperience.com/2021/02/25/boomplay-gives-africans-the-gift-of-music-thanks-to-centili/|title=Boomplay gives Africans the gift of music thanks to Centili|author=Teresa Cottam|date=25 February 2021|work=Omnisperience}}{{Dead link|date=March 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> An sanar da Billboard a cikin Oktoba 2021, cewa za a ƙara bayanai daga rafukan Boomplay zuwa bayanan da aka yi amfani da su wajen tattara Billboard Hot 100, Billboard 200 da sauran sigogin bayanan Billboard.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2021/10/boomplay-streams-now-count-towards-billboard-charts/|title=Boomplay streams now count towards Billboard charts|author=|date=14 October 2021|work=Vanguardngr.com}}</ref> === Abokan hulɗa === A cikin Mayu 2019, Boomplay ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar rarrabawa tare da Believe Digital rarraba ayyukan. An kafa Believe a cikin Paris a cikin 2004 ta Denis Ladegaillerie a matsayin sashin rarrabawa da sabis na kan layi na duniya da alamar rikodin cikin gida. Tare da ofisoshin 32 a cikin yankuna 16, abokan cinikin kamfanin sun hada da Scorpio Music, Kitsune, Sinanci Man Records, Fargo, Baco Records, Afrique Caribes Productions da Yellow.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://variety.com/2017/music/news/sony-music-believe-distribution-tunecore-1202496543/|title=Sony Music Expands Distribution Reach; Acquires French Indie Believe, TuneCore|last=Trakin|first=Roy|date=2017-07-15|website=Variety|language=en|access-date=2019-05-14}}</ref> Hakanan a cikin 2019, Boomplay ya sanar da yarjejeniyar lasisi tare da Warner Music Group, Ƙungiyar Kiɗa ta Duniya, Ƙungiyar Kiɗa ta Sony, da hukumar kare haƙƙin indie ta duniya Merlin.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/business/8544155/sony-licensing-deal-boomplay-all-majors-now-partnered|title=As Sony Strikes Deal With Boomplay, All Three Majors Are Now Partnered With Africa's Biggest Music App|last=Tatiana|first=Cirisano|date=November 21, 2019|website=Billboard}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.musicweek.com/digital/read/merlin-signs-licensing-deal-with-africa-s-boomplay/078370|title=Merlin signs licensing deal with Africa's Boomplay|last=Paine|first=Andre|date=December 10, 2019|website=MusicWeek}}</ref> === Fadadawa === Boomplay Music ya sanar da ƙaura zuwa Gabashin Afirka ta hanyar buɗe ofishinta na Kenya a watan Agustan 2016. Ya buɗe ofishin [[Tanzaniya]] A cikin Afrilu 2017.<ref>{{cite web|title=About Us|url=http://www.boomplaymusic.com/aboutUs|website=Boomplay Music Official Website|access-date=2021-12-20|archive-date=2020-09-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200924135711/https://www.boomplaymusic.com/aboutUs|url-status=dead}}</ref> A halin yanzu tana da ayyuka da ofisoshin gida a Najeriya, Kenya, Ghana da Tanzaniya. === Asusu da biyan kuɗi === Tun daga Janairu 2018, nau'ikan biyan kuɗi na Boomplay guda biyu, duka suna ba da lokacin saurare mara iyaka da ingantaccen ingancin sauti (har zuwa 320kbit / s bitrate) sune: {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="background-color: #FFFFFF" width="75%" ! rowspan="1" |Nau'in ! rowspan="1" | Talla-Free ! rowspan="1" | Sauraron wayar hannu ! rowspan="1" | Ingantattun ingancin sauti ! rowspan="1" | Ajiye a kan layi kuma Kunna ! rowspan="1" | Zazzagewar kiɗa |- ! scope="row" | Waƙar Boomplay Kyauta | {{No}}| {{Maybe|Limited}}| | | |- ! scope="row" | Boomplay Music Premium | {{Yes}}| {{Maybe|Limited}} |} == Manazara == {{reflist}} [[Category:Mawaƙa]] id2z5kwlimc8f2f5azg4yfmm9qetgfl 0 28386 826457 545826 2026-04-26T07:22:08Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Aiki */ 826457 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Alhaji Idi Barde Gubana''' (Shekarar haihuwa; ranar ashirin da hudu 24 ga Watan Afrilu shekarar alif 1960) ya kasance ɗan siyasa ne a [[Najeriya]], wanda a halin yanzu shi ne mataimakin gwamnan. [[Jihar Yobe]] na yanzu gwamna [[Mai Mala Buni]] da aka zaɓa a ƙarƙashin inuwar jam'iyyar APC a shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha Tara 2019. An haife shi ne a garin [[Gubana]] na ƙaramar hukumar [[Fune]]. Ya fito ne daga jinsin al'ummar [[Karai-Karai (yare)|Karai-Karai]] kuma shi ne ke riƙe da mukamin [[gargajiya]] na '''Wazirin Fune'''.<ref>https://www.today.ng/topic/idi-barde-gubana</ref> == Karatu == Barde, ya halarci makarantar firamare ta [[Daura]] a shekarar alif 1970 inda ya samu shaidar kammala karatunsa na farko a shekarar alif 1976, sannan ya yi makarantar sakandare a kwalejin malamai ta [[Borno]] daga shekara ta alif 1973 zuwa 1979 inda ya samu takardar kammala jarrabawar [[Afirka]] ta Yamma.<ref>https://www.channelstv.com/tag/alhaji-idi-barde-gubana</ref> Ya yi makarantar koyon zamantakewar jama'a a [[Jos]] a shekarar ta alif 1989 don samun digirin HND. Daga nan sai ya tafi jami'ar Borno (UNIMAID) sannan ya yi digirinsa na farko a fannin kasuwanci (gudanar da kasuwanci) sannan ya tafi Jami'ar Tarayya dake [[Jihar Borno]] inda ya samu digiri na biyu a shekarar ta dubu biyu 2000. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://onobello.com/tag/idi-barde-gubana |access-date=2022-01-01 |archive-date=2022-01-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220101134349/https://onobello.com/tag/idi-barde-gubana/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Aiki == Ya yi aikin koyarwa a shekarar alif 1980 a makarantar firamare ta Dawayya sannan kuma a matsayin shugaban makaranta a makarantar firamare ta [[Gubana]] a shekarar alif 1982 zuwa 1984. A 1982 ya yi aiki a sashen [[noma]] a [[Ƙaramar Hukumar Fune]] ta [[jihar Yobe]]. Ya riƙe mukamin shugaban sashen noma a sakateriyar ƙaramar hukumar [[Fika]].<ref>https://dailypost.ng/2021/09/01/yobe-apc-fixes-first-week-of-september-for-lgs-congress</ref> == Iyali da Addini == Barde ɗan [[Masarautar Gubana]] ne, yana da mata uku 3 da ’ya’ya ashirin da tara 29, Sannan kuma shi [[musulmi]] ne. == Siyasa== Idi Barde ya fara tafiyar siyasarsa ne a shekarar alif 1997 a lokacin da ya tsaya takara kuma ya lashe zaben shugaban karamar hukumar Fune ya zauna karkashin jam'iyyar tarayyar [[najeriya]] (United Nigeria Congress Party, UNCP), don wakiltar karamar hukumar Fune. A shekara ta dubu biyu (2000) aka nada shi shugaban kwamitin riko a karamar hukumar Fune har sau biyu zuwa 2003. Ya zama mai ba da taimako na musamman a ayyuka na musamman ga gwamnan jihar Yobe Bukar Abba Ibrahim a shekarar 2007, bayan nan kuma aka nada shi a matsayin kwamishina ma’aikatar gaskiya da rikon amana da cigaban karkara ci gaban karkara. A shekarar 2008 ya zama mataimaki na musamman a taron kasa domin banbance, a karkashin [[Bukar Ibrahim|Bukar]] Abba Ibrahim, sannan kuma ya kasance mataimakiyar dukiyar kasa a yankin arewa maso gabas karkashin jam'iyyar duk najeriya (All Nigeria Peoples Party, ANPP). A shekarar 2011 aka nada shi kwamishinan ma’aikatar noma ta jihar Yobe. An sake nada shi a matsayin kwamishinan ma’aikatar muhalli 2013, kwamishinan ma’aikatar kasafin kudi 2013, yayin da ayanzu yana matsayin mataimakin gwamnan jihar Yobe yafara 2019 zuwa yanzu.<ref>https://nigeriaelections.stearsng.com/state/YB/governor/2019</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category: Mutane daga Arewacin Najeriya]] [[Category: 'yan siyasa]] [[Category: 'yan Najeriya]] [[Category: jihar Yobe]] [[Category: Karai-Karai]] kswqt5p3lolh61lv4b6d6y33itex8cx 826460 826457 2026-04-26T07:22:34Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Aiki */ 826460 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Alhaji Idi Barde Gubana''' (Shekarar haihuwa; ranar ashirin da hudu 24 ga Watan Afrilu shekarar alif 1960) ya kasance ɗan siyasa ne a [[Najeriya]], wanda a halin yanzu shi ne mataimakin gwamnan. [[Jihar Yobe]] na yanzu gwamna [[Mai Mala Buni]] da aka zaɓa a ƙarƙashin inuwar jam'iyyar APC a shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha Tara 2019. An haife shi ne a garin [[Gubana]] na ƙaramar hukumar [[Fune]]. Ya fito ne daga jinsin al'ummar [[Karai-Karai (yare)|Karai-Karai]] kuma shi ne ke riƙe da mukamin [[gargajiya]] na '''Wazirin Fune'''.<ref>https://www.today.ng/topic/idi-barde-gubana</ref> == Karatu == Barde, ya halarci makarantar firamare ta [[Daura]] a shekarar alif 1970 inda ya samu shaidar kammala karatunsa na farko a shekarar alif 1976, sannan ya yi makarantar sakandare a kwalejin malamai ta [[Borno]] daga shekara ta alif 1973 zuwa 1979 inda ya samu takardar kammala jarrabawar [[Afirka]] ta Yamma.<ref>https://www.channelstv.com/tag/alhaji-idi-barde-gubana</ref> Ya yi makarantar koyon zamantakewar jama'a a [[Jos]] a shekarar ta alif 1989 don samun digirin HND. Daga nan sai ya tafi jami'ar Borno (UNIMAID) sannan ya yi digirinsa na farko a fannin kasuwanci (gudanar da kasuwanci) sannan ya tafi Jami'ar Tarayya dake [[Jihar Borno]] inda ya samu digiri na biyu a shekarar ta dubu biyu 2000. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://onobello.com/tag/idi-barde-gubana |access-date=2022-01-01 |archive-date=2022-01-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220101134349/https://onobello.com/tag/idi-barde-gubana/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Aiki == Ya yi aikin koyarwa a shekarar alif 1980 a makarantar firamare ta Dawayya sannan kuma a matsayin shugaban makaranta a makarantar firamare ta [[Gubana]] a shekarar alif 1982 zuwa 1984. A 1982 ya yi aiki a sashen [[noma]] a [[Ƙaramar Hukumar Fune]] ta [[jihar Yobe]]. Ya riƙe muƙamin shugaban sashen noma a sakateriyar ƙaramar hukumar [[Fika]].<ref>https://dailypost.ng/2021/09/01/yobe-apc-fixes-first-week-of-september-for-lgs-congress</ref> == Iyali da Addini == Barde ɗan [[Masarautar Gubana]] ne, yana da mata uku 3 da ’ya’ya ashirin da tara 29, Sannan kuma shi [[musulmi]] ne. == Siyasa== Idi Barde ya fara tafiyar siyasarsa ne a shekarar alif 1997 a lokacin da ya tsaya takara kuma ya lashe zaben shugaban karamar hukumar Fune ya zauna karkashin jam'iyyar tarayyar [[najeriya]] (United Nigeria Congress Party, UNCP), don wakiltar karamar hukumar Fune. A shekara ta dubu biyu (2000) aka nada shi shugaban kwamitin riko a karamar hukumar Fune har sau biyu zuwa 2003. Ya zama mai ba da taimako na musamman a ayyuka na musamman ga gwamnan jihar Yobe Bukar Abba Ibrahim a shekarar 2007, bayan nan kuma aka nada shi a matsayin kwamishina ma’aikatar gaskiya da rikon amana da cigaban karkara ci gaban karkara. A shekarar 2008 ya zama mataimaki na musamman a taron kasa domin banbance, a karkashin [[Bukar Ibrahim|Bukar]] Abba Ibrahim, sannan kuma ya kasance mataimakiyar dukiyar kasa a yankin arewa maso gabas karkashin jam'iyyar duk najeriya (All Nigeria Peoples Party, ANPP). A shekarar 2011 aka nada shi kwamishinan ma’aikatar noma ta jihar Yobe. An sake nada shi a matsayin kwamishinan ma’aikatar muhalli 2013, kwamishinan ma’aikatar kasafin kudi 2013, yayin da ayanzu yana matsayin mataimakin gwamnan jihar Yobe yafara 2019 zuwa yanzu.<ref>https://nigeriaelections.stearsng.com/state/YB/governor/2019</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category: Mutane daga Arewacin Najeriya]] [[Category: 'yan siyasa]] [[Category: 'yan Najeriya]] [[Category: jihar Yobe]] [[Category: Karai-Karai]] 7bbqa3u219caxen4h05238dy6whvnn6 826464 826460 2026-04-26T07:23:19Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Siyasa */ 826464 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Alhaji Idi Barde Gubana''' (Shekarar haihuwa; ranar ashirin da hudu 24 ga Watan Afrilu shekarar alif 1960) ya kasance ɗan siyasa ne a [[Najeriya]], wanda a halin yanzu shi ne mataimakin gwamnan. [[Jihar Yobe]] na yanzu gwamna [[Mai Mala Buni]] da aka zaɓa a ƙarƙashin inuwar jam'iyyar APC a shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha Tara 2019. An haife shi ne a garin [[Gubana]] na ƙaramar hukumar [[Fune]]. Ya fito ne daga jinsin al'ummar [[Karai-Karai (yare)|Karai-Karai]] kuma shi ne ke riƙe da mukamin [[gargajiya]] na '''Wazirin Fune'''.<ref>https://www.today.ng/topic/idi-barde-gubana</ref> == Karatu == Barde, ya halarci makarantar firamare ta [[Daura]] a shekarar alif 1970 inda ya samu shaidar kammala karatunsa na farko a shekarar alif 1976, sannan ya yi makarantar sakandare a kwalejin malamai ta [[Borno]] daga shekara ta alif 1973 zuwa 1979 inda ya samu takardar kammala jarrabawar [[Afirka]] ta Yamma.<ref>https://www.channelstv.com/tag/alhaji-idi-barde-gubana</ref> Ya yi makarantar koyon zamantakewar jama'a a [[Jos]] a shekarar ta alif 1989 don samun digirin HND. Daga nan sai ya tafi jami'ar Borno (UNIMAID) sannan ya yi digirinsa na farko a fannin kasuwanci (gudanar da kasuwanci) sannan ya tafi Jami'ar Tarayya dake [[Jihar Borno]] inda ya samu digiri na biyu a shekarar ta dubu biyu 2000. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://onobello.com/tag/idi-barde-gubana |access-date=2022-01-01 |archive-date=2022-01-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220101134349/https://onobello.com/tag/idi-barde-gubana/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Aiki == Ya yi aikin koyarwa a shekarar alif 1980 a makarantar firamare ta Dawayya sannan kuma a matsayin shugaban makaranta a makarantar firamare ta [[Gubana]] a shekarar alif 1982 zuwa 1984. A 1982 ya yi aiki a sashen [[noma]] a [[Ƙaramar Hukumar Fune]] ta [[jihar Yobe]]. Ya riƙe muƙamin shugaban sashen noma a sakateriyar ƙaramar hukumar [[Fika]].<ref>https://dailypost.ng/2021/09/01/yobe-apc-fixes-first-week-of-september-for-lgs-congress</ref> == Iyali da Addini == Barde ɗan [[Masarautar Gubana]] ne, yana da mata uku 3 da ’ya’ya ashirin da tara 29, Sannan kuma shi [[musulmi]] ne. == Siyasa== Idi Barde ya fara tafiyar siyasarsa ne a shekarar alif 1997 a lokacin da ya tsaya takara kuma ya lashe zaɓen shugaban karamar hukumar Fune ya zauna karkashin jam'iyyar tarayyar [[najeriya]] (United Nigeria Congress Party, UNCP), don wakiltar karamar hukumar Fune. A shekara ta dubu biyu (2000) aka nada shi shugaban kwamitin riko a karamar hukumar Fune har sau biyu zuwa 2003. Ya zama mai ba da taimako na musamman a ayyuka na musamman ga gwamnan jihar Yobe Bukar Abba Ibrahim a shekarar 2007, bayan nan kuma aka nada shi a matsayin kwamishina ma’aikatar gaskiya da rikon amana da cigaban karkara ci gaban karkara. A shekarar 2008 ya zama mataimaki na musamman a taron kasa domin banbance, a karkashin [[Bukar Ibrahim|Bukar]] Abba Ibrahim, sannan kuma ya kasance mataimakiyar dukiyar kasa a yankin arewa maso gabas karkashin jam'iyyar duk najeriya (All Nigeria Peoples Party, ANPP). A shekarar 2011 aka nada shi kwamishinan ma’aikatar noma ta jihar Yobe. An sake nada shi a matsayin kwamishinan ma’aikatar muhalli 2013, kwamishinan ma’aikatar kasafin kudi 2013, yayin da ayanzu yana matsayin mataimakin gwamnan jihar Yobe yafara 2019 zuwa yanzu.<ref>https://nigeriaelections.stearsng.com/state/YB/governor/2019</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category: Mutane daga Arewacin Najeriya]] [[Category: 'yan siyasa]] [[Category: 'yan Najeriya]] [[Category: jihar Yobe]] [[Category: Karai-Karai]] k6nawu4t2f69pkr5ytcx27chzklpudm 826468 826464 2026-04-26T07:23:45Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Siyasa */ 826468 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Alhaji Idi Barde Gubana''' (Shekarar haihuwa; ranar ashirin da hudu 24 ga Watan Afrilu shekarar alif 1960) ya kasance ɗan siyasa ne a [[Najeriya]], wanda a halin yanzu shi ne mataimakin gwamnan. [[Jihar Yobe]] na yanzu gwamna [[Mai Mala Buni]] da aka zaɓa a ƙarƙashin inuwar jam'iyyar APC a shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha Tara 2019. An haife shi ne a garin [[Gubana]] na ƙaramar hukumar [[Fune]]. Ya fito ne daga jinsin al'ummar [[Karai-Karai (yare)|Karai-Karai]] kuma shi ne ke riƙe da mukamin [[gargajiya]] na '''Wazirin Fune'''.<ref>https://www.today.ng/topic/idi-barde-gubana</ref> == Karatu == Barde, ya halarci makarantar firamare ta [[Daura]] a shekarar alif 1970 inda ya samu shaidar kammala karatunsa na farko a shekarar alif 1976, sannan ya yi makarantar sakandare a kwalejin malamai ta [[Borno]] daga shekara ta alif 1973 zuwa 1979 inda ya samu takardar kammala jarrabawar [[Afirka]] ta Yamma.<ref>https://www.channelstv.com/tag/alhaji-idi-barde-gubana</ref> Ya yi makarantar koyon zamantakewar jama'a a [[Jos]] a shekarar ta alif 1989 don samun digirin HND. Daga nan sai ya tafi jami'ar Borno (UNIMAID) sannan ya yi digirinsa na farko a fannin kasuwanci (gudanar da kasuwanci) sannan ya tafi Jami'ar Tarayya dake [[Jihar Borno]] inda ya samu digiri na biyu a shekarar ta dubu biyu 2000. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://onobello.com/tag/idi-barde-gubana |access-date=2022-01-01 |archive-date=2022-01-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220101134349/https://onobello.com/tag/idi-barde-gubana/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Aiki == Ya yi aikin koyarwa a shekarar alif 1980 a makarantar firamare ta Dawayya sannan kuma a matsayin shugaban makaranta a makarantar firamare ta [[Gubana]] a shekarar alif 1982 zuwa 1984. A 1982 ya yi aiki a sashen [[noma]] a [[Ƙaramar Hukumar Fune]] ta [[jihar Yobe]]. Ya riƙe muƙamin shugaban sashen noma a sakateriyar ƙaramar hukumar [[Fika]].<ref>https://dailypost.ng/2021/09/01/yobe-apc-fixes-first-week-of-september-for-lgs-congress</ref> == Iyali da Addini == Barde ɗan [[Masarautar Gubana]] ne, yana da mata uku 3 da ’ya’ya ashirin da tara 29, Sannan kuma shi [[musulmi]] ne. == Siyasa== Idi Barde ya fara tafiyar siyasarsa ne a shekarar alif 1997 a lokacin da ya tsaya takara kuma ya lashe zaɓen shugaban ƙaramar hukumar Fune ya zauna karkashin jam'iyyar tarayyar [[najeriya]] (United Nigeria Congress Party, UNCP), don wakiltar karamar hukumar Fune. A shekara ta dubu biyu (2000) aka nada shi shugaban kwamitin riko a karamar hukumar Fune har sau biyu zuwa 2003. Ya zama mai ba da taimako na musamman a ayyuka na musamman ga gwamnan jihar Yobe Bukar Abba Ibrahim a shekarar 2007, bayan nan kuma aka nada shi a matsayin kwamishina ma’aikatar gaskiya da rikon amana da cigaban karkara ci gaban karkara. A shekarar 2008 ya zama mataimaki na musamman a taron kasa domin banbance, a karkashin [[Bukar Ibrahim|Bukar]] Abba Ibrahim, sannan kuma ya kasance mataimakiyar dukiyar kasa a yankin arewa maso gabas karkashin jam'iyyar duk najeriya (All Nigeria Peoples Party, ANPP). A shekarar 2011 aka nada shi kwamishinan ma’aikatar noma ta jihar Yobe. An sake nada shi a matsayin kwamishinan ma’aikatar muhalli 2013, kwamishinan ma’aikatar kasafin kudi 2013, yayin da ayanzu yana matsayin mataimakin gwamnan jihar Yobe yafara 2019 zuwa yanzu.<ref>https://nigeriaelections.stearsng.com/state/YB/governor/2019</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category: Mutane daga Arewacin Najeriya]] [[Category: 'yan siyasa]] [[Category: 'yan Najeriya]] [[Category: jihar Yobe]] [[Category: Karai-Karai]] l82xb3jkrgd4j9hxafy9cva0qwo68sr 826470 826468 2026-04-26T07:24:17Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Siyasa */ 826470 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Alhaji Idi Barde Gubana''' (Shekarar haihuwa; ranar ashirin da hudu 24 ga Watan Afrilu shekarar alif 1960) ya kasance ɗan siyasa ne a [[Najeriya]], wanda a halin yanzu shi ne mataimakin gwamnan. [[Jihar Yobe]] na yanzu gwamna [[Mai Mala Buni]] da aka zaɓa a ƙarƙashin inuwar jam'iyyar APC a shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha Tara 2019. An haife shi ne a garin [[Gubana]] na ƙaramar hukumar [[Fune]]. Ya fito ne daga jinsin al'ummar [[Karai-Karai (yare)|Karai-Karai]] kuma shi ne ke riƙe da mukamin [[gargajiya]] na '''Wazirin Fune'''.<ref>https://www.today.ng/topic/idi-barde-gubana</ref> == Karatu == Barde, ya halarci makarantar firamare ta [[Daura]] a shekarar alif 1970 inda ya samu shaidar kammala karatunsa na farko a shekarar alif 1976, sannan ya yi makarantar sakandare a kwalejin malamai ta [[Borno]] daga shekara ta alif 1973 zuwa 1979 inda ya samu takardar kammala jarrabawar [[Afirka]] ta Yamma.<ref>https://www.channelstv.com/tag/alhaji-idi-barde-gubana</ref> Ya yi makarantar koyon zamantakewar jama'a a [[Jos]] a shekarar ta alif 1989 don samun digirin HND. Daga nan sai ya tafi jami'ar Borno (UNIMAID) sannan ya yi digirinsa na farko a fannin kasuwanci (gudanar da kasuwanci) sannan ya tafi Jami'ar Tarayya dake [[Jihar Borno]] inda ya samu digiri na biyu a shekarar ta dubu biyu 2000. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://onobello.com/tag/idi-barde-gubana |access-date=2022-01-01 |archive-date=2022-01-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220101134349/https://onobello.com/tag/idi-barde-gubana/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Aiki == Ya yi aikin koyarwa a shekarar alif 1980 a makarantar firamare ta Dawayya sannan kuma a matsayin shugaban makaranta a makarantar firamare ta [[Gubana]] a shekarar alif 1982 zuwa 1984. A 1982 ya yi aiki a sashen [[noma]] a [[Ƙaramar Hukumar Fune]] ta [[jihar Yobe]]. Ya riƙe muƙamin shugaban sashen noma a sakateriyar ƙaramar hukumar [[Fika]].<ref>https://dailypost.ng/2021/09/01/yobe-apc-fixes-first-week-of-september-for-lgs-congress</ref> == Iyali da Addini == Barde ɗan [[Masarautar Gubana]] ne, yana da mata uku 3 da ’ya’ya ashirin da tara 29, Sannan kuma shi [[musulmi]] ne. == Siyasa== Idi Barde ya fara tafiyar siyasarsa ne a shekarar alif 1997 a lokacin da ya tsaya takara kuma ya lashe zaɓen shugaban ƙaramar hukumar Fune ya zauna ƙarkashin jam'iyyar tarayyar [[najeriya]] (United Nigeria Congress Party, UNCP), don wakiltar karamar hukumar Fune. A shekara ta dubu biyu (2000) aka nada shi shugaban kwamitin riko a karamar hukumar Fune har sau biyu zuwa 2003. Ya zama mai ba da taimako na musamman a ayyuka na musamman ga gwamnan jihar Yobe Bukar Abba Ibrahim a shekarar 2007, bayan nan kuma aka nada shi a matsayin kwamishina ma’aikatar gaskiya da rikon amana da cigaban karkara ci gaban karkara. A shekarar 2008 ya zama mataimaki na musamman a taron kasa domin banbance, a karkashin [[Bukar Ibrahim|Bukar]] Abba Ibrahim, sannan kuma ya kasance mataimakiyar dukiyar kasa a yankin arewa maso gabas karkashin jam'iyyar duk najeriya (All Nigeria Peoples Party, ANPP). A shekarar 2011 aka nada shi kwamishinan ma’aikatar noma ta jihar Yobe. An sake nada shi a matsayin kwamishinan ma’aikatar muhalli 2013, kwamishinan ma’aikatar kasafin kudi 2013, yayin da ayanzu yana matsayin mataimakin gwamnan jihar Yobe yafara 2019 zuwa yanzu.<ref>https://nigeriaelections.stearsng.com/state/YB/governor/2019</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category: Mutane daga Arewacin Najeriya]] [[Category: 'yan siyasa]] [[Category: 'yan Najeriya]] [[Category: jihar Yobe]] [[Category: Karai-Karai]] l0wcbs6zz68fg34lozrba7b4pbzrnda 826473 826470 2026-04-26T07:25:10Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Siyasa */ 826473 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Alhaji Idi Barde Gubana''' (Shekarar haihuwa; ranar ashirin da hudu 24 ga Watan Afrilu shekarar alif 1960) ya kasance ɗan siyasa ne a [[Najeriya]], wanda a halin yanzu shi ne mataimakin gwamnan. [[Jihar Yobe]] na yanzu gwamna [[Mai Mala Buni]] da aka zaɓa a ƙarƙashin inuwar jam'iyyar APC a shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha Tara 2019. An haife shi ne a garin [[Gubana]] na ƙaramar hukumar [[Fune]]. Ya fito ne daga jinsin al'ummar [[Karai-Karai (yare)|Karai-Karai]] kuma shi ne ke riƙe da mukamin [[gargajiya]] na '''Wazirin Fune'''.<ref>https://www.today.ng/topic/idi-barde-gubana</ref> == Karatu == Barde, ya halarci makarantar firamare ta [[Daura]] a shekarar alif 1970 inda ya samu shaidar kammala karatunsa na farko a shekarar alif 1976, sannan ya yi makarantar sakandare a kwalejin malamai ta [[Borno]] daga shekara ta alif 1973 zuwa 1979 inda ya samu takardar kammala jarrabawar [[Afirka]] ta Yamma.<ref>https://www.channelstv.com/tag/alhaji-idi-barde-gubana</ref> Ya yi makarantar koyon zamantakewar jama'a a [[Jos]] a shekarar ta alif 1989 don samun digirin HND. Daga nan sai ya tafi jami'ar Borno (UNIMAID) sannan ya yi digirinsa na farko a fannin kasuwanci (gudanar da kasuwanci) sannan ya tafi Jami'ar Tarayya dake [[Jihar Borno]] inda ya samu digiri na biyu a shekarar ta dubu biyu 2000. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://onobello.com/tag/idi-barde-gubana |access-date=2022-01-01 |archive-date=2022-01-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220101134349/https://onobello.com/tag/idi-barde-gubana/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Aiki == Ya yi aikin koyarwa a shekarar alif 1980 a makarantar firamare ta Dawayya sannan kuma a matsayin shugaban makaranta a makarantar firamare ta [[Gubana]] a shekarar alif 1982 zuwa 1984. A 1982 ya yi aiki a sashen [[noma]] a [[Ƙaramar Hukumar Fune]] ta [[jihar Yobe]]. Ya riƙe muƙamin shugaban sashen noma a sakateriyar ƙaramar hukumar [[Fika]].<ref>https://dailypost.ng/2021/09/01/yobe-apc-fixes-first-week-of-september-for-lgs-congress</ref> == Iyali da Addini == Barde ɗan [[Masarautar Gubana]] ne, yana da mata uku 3 da ’ya’ya ashirin da tara 29, Sannan kuma shi [[musulmi]] ne. == Siyasa== Idi Barde ya fara tafiyar siyasarsa ne a shekarar alif 1997 a lokacin da ya tsaya takara kuma ya lashe zaɓen shugaban ƙaramar hukumar Fune ya zauna ƙarkashin jam'iyyar tarayyar [[najeriya]] (United Nigeria Congress Party, UNCP), don wakiltar ƙaramar hukumar Fune. A shekara ta dubu biyu (2000) aka nada shi shugaban kwamitin riko a karamar hukumar Fune har sau biyu zuwa 2003. Ya zama mai ba da taimako na musamman a ayyuka na musamman ga gwamnan jihar Yobe Bukar Abba Ibrahim a shekarar 2007, bayan nan kuma aka nada shi a matsayin kwamishina ma’aikatar gaskiya da rikon amana da cigaban karkara ci gaban karkara. A shekarar 2008 ya zama mataimaki na musamman a taron kasa domin banbance, a karkashin [[Bukar Ibrahim|Bukar]] Abba Ibrahim, sannan kuma ya kasance mataimakiyar dukiyar kasa a yankin arewa maso gabas karkashin jam'iyyar duk najeriya (All Nigeria Peoples Party, ANPP). A shekarar 2011 aka nada shi kwamishinan ma’aikatar noma ta jihar Yobe. An sake nada shi a matsayin kwamishinan ma’aikatar muhalli 2013, kwamishinan ma’aikatar kasafin kudi 2013, yayin da ayanzu yana matsayin mataimakin gwamnan jihar Yobe yafara 2019 zuwa yanzu.<ref>https://nigeriaelections.stearsng.com/state/YB/governor/2019</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category: Mutane daga Arewacin Najeriya]] [[Category: 'yan siyasa]] [[Category: 'yan Najeriya]] [[Category: jihar Yobe]] [[Category: Karai-Karai]] 34ocy3i7398j73l260zkry8mem6bjb9 826475 826473 2026-04-26T07:25:45Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Siyasa */ 826475 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Alhaji Idi Barde Gubana''' (Shekarar haihuwa; ranar ashirin da hudu 24 ga Watan Afrilu shekarar alif 1960) ya kasance ɗan siyasa ne a [[Najeriya]], wanda a halin yanzu shi ne mataimakin gwamnan. [[Jihar Yobe]] na yanzu gwamna [[Mai Mala Buni]] da aka zaɓa a ƙarƙashin inuwar jam'iyyar APC a shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha Tara 2019. An haife shi ne a garin [[Gubana]] na ƙaramar hukumar [[Fune]]. Ya fito ne daga jinsin al'ummar [[Karai-Karai (yare)|Karai-Karai]] kuma shi ne ke riƙe da mukamin [[gargajiya]] na '''Wazirin Fune'''.<ref>https://www.today.ng/topic/idi-barde-gubana</ref> == Karatu == Barde, ya halarci makarantar firamare ta [[Daura]] a shekarar alif 1970 inda ya samu shaidar kammala karatunsa na farko a shekarar alif 1976, sannan ya yi makarantar sakandare a kwalejin malamai ta [[Borno]] daga shekara ta alif 1973 zuwa 1979 inda ya samu takardar kammala jarrabawar [[Afirka]] ta Yamma.<ref>https://www.channelstv.com/tag/alhaji-idi-barde-gubana</ref> Ya yi makarantar koyon zamantakewar jama'a a [[Jos]] a shekarar ta alif 1989 don samun digirin HND. Daga nan sai ya tafi jami'ar Borno (UNIMAID) sannan ya yi digirinsa na farko a fannin kasuwanci (gudanar da kasuwanci) sannan ya tafi Jami'ar Tarayya dake [[Jihar Borno]] inda ya samu digiri na biyu a shekarar ta dubu biyu 2000. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://onobello.com/tag/idi-barde-gubana |access-date=2022-01-01 |archive-date=2022-01-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220101134349/https://onobello.com/tag/idi-barde-gubana/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Aiki == Ya yi aikin koyarwa a shekarar alif 1980 a makarantar firamare ta Dawayya sannan kuma a matsayin shugaban makaranta a makarantar firamare ta [[Gubana]] a shekarar alif 1982 zuwa 1984. A 1982 ya yi aiki a sashen [[noma]] a [[Ƙaramar Hukumar Fune]] ta [[jihar Yobe]]. Ya riƙe muƙamin shugaban sashen noma a sakateriyar ƙaramar hukumar [[Fika]].<ref>https://dailypost.ng/2021/09/01/yobe-apc-fixes-first-week-of-september-for-lgs-congress</ref> == Iyali da Addini == Barde ɗan [[Masarautar Gubana]] ne, yana da mata uku 3 da ’ya’ya ashirin da tara 29, Sannan kuma shi [[musulmi]] ne. == Siyasa== Idi Barde ya fara tafiyar siyasarsa ne a shekarar alif 1997 a lokacin da ya tsaya takara kuma ya lashe zaɓen shugaban ƙaramar hukumar Fune ya zauna ƙarkashin jam'iyyar tarayyar [[najeriya]] (United Nigeria Congress Party, UNCP), don wakiltar ƙaramar hukumar Fune. A shekara ta dubu biyu (2000) aka naɗa shi shugaban kwamitin riko a karamar hukumar Fune har sau biyu zuwa 2003. Ya zama mai ba da taimako na musamman a ayyuka na musamman ga gwamnan jihar Yobe Bukar Abba Ibrahim a shekarar 2007, bayan nan kuma aka nada shi a matsayin kwamishina ma’aikatar gaskiya da rikon amana da cigaban karkara ci gaban karkara. A shekarar 2008 ya zama mataimaki na musamman a taron kasa domin banbance, a karkashin [[Bukar Ibrahim|Bukar]] Abba Ibrahim, sannan kuma ya kasance mataimakiyar dukiyar kasa a yankin arewa maso gabas karkashin jam'iyyar duk najeriya (All Nigeria Peoples Party, ANPP). A shekarar 2011 aka nada shi kwamishinan ma’aikatar noma ta jihar Yobe. An sake nada shi a matsayin kwamishinan ma’aikatar muhalli 2013, kwamishinan ma’aikatar kasafin kudi 2013, yayin da ayanzu yana matsayin mataimakin gwamnan jihar Yobe yafara 2019 zuwa yanzu.<ref>https://nigeriaelections.stearsng.com/state/YB/governor/2019</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category: Mutane daga Arewacin Najeriya]] [[Category: 'yan siyasa]] [[Category: 'yan Najeriya]] [[Category: jihar Yobe]] [[Category: Karai-Karai]] gp8hlj36guutsyk12jc45m3xa4oqna0 826477 826475 2026-04-26T07:26:09Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Siyasa */ 826477 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Alhaji Idi Barde Gubana''' (Shekarar haihuwa; ranar ashirin da hudu 24 ga Watan Afrilu shekarar alif 1960) ya kasance ɗan siyasa ne a [[Najeriya]], wanda a halin yanzu shi ne mataimakin gwamnan. [[Jihar Yobe]] na yanzu gwamna [[Mai Mala Buni]] da aka zaɓa a ƙarƙashin inuwar jam'iyyar APC a shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha Tara 2019. An haife shi ne a garin [[Gubana]] na ƙaramar hukumar [[Fune]]. Ya fito ne daga jinsin al'ummar [[Karai-Karai (yare)|Karai-Karai]] kuma shi ne ke riƙe da mukamin [[gargajiya]] na '''Wazirin Fune'''.<ref>https://www.today.ng/topic/idi-barde-gubana</ref> == Karatu == Barde, ya halarci makarantar firamare ta [[Daura]] a shekarar alif 1970 inda ya samu shaidar kammala karatunsa na farko a shekarar alif 1976, sannan ya yi makarantar sakandare a kwalejin malamai ta [[Borno]] daga shekara ta alif 1973 zuwa 1979 inda ya samu takardar kammala jarrabawar [[Afirka]] ta Yamma.<ref>https://www.channelstv.com/tag/alhaji-idi-barde-gubana</ref> Ya yi makarantar koyon zamantakewar jama'a a [[Jos]] a shekarar ta alif 1989 don samun digirin HND. Daga nan sai ya tafi jami'ar Borno (UNIMAID) sannan ya yi digirinsa na farko a fannin kasuwanci (gudanar da kasuwanci) sannan ya tafi Jami'ar Tarayya dake [[Jihar Borno]] inda ya samu digiri na biyu a shekarar ta dubu biyu 2000. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://onobello.com/tag/idi-barde-gubana |access-date=2022-01-01 |archive-date=2022-01-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220101134349/https://onobello.com/tag/idi-barde-gubana/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Aiki == Ya yi aikin koyarwa a shekarar alif 1980 a makarantar firamare ta Dawayya sannan kuma a matsayin shugaban makaranta a makarantar firamare ta [[Gubana]] a shekarar alif 1982 zuwa 1984. A 1982 ya yi aiki a sashen [[noma]] a [[Ƙaramar Hukumar Fune]] ta [[jihar Yobe]]. Ya riƙe muƙamin shugaban sashen noma a sakateriyar ƙaramar hukumar [[Fika]].<ref>https://dailypost.ng/2021/09/01/yobe-apc-fixes-first-week-of-september-for-lgs-congress</ref> == Iyali da Addini == Barde ɗan [[Masarautar Gubana]] ne, yana da mata uku 3 da ’ya’ya ashirin da tara 29, Sannan kuma shi [[musulmi]] ne. == Siyasa== Idi Barde ya fara tafiyar siyasarsa ne a shekarar alif 1997 a lokacin da ya tsaya takara kuma ya lashe zaɓen shugaban ƙaramar hukumar Fune ya zauna ƙarkashin jam'iyyar tarayyar [[najeriya]] (United Nigeria Congress Party, UNCP), don wakiltar ƙaramar hukumar Fune. A shekara ta dubu biyu (2000) aka naɗa shi shugaban kwamitin riƙo a karamar hukumar Fune har sau biyu zuwa 2003. Ya zama mai ba da taimako na musamman a ayyuka na musamman ga gwamnan jihar Yobe Bukar Abba Ibrahim a shekarar 2007, bayan nan kuma aka nada shi a matsayin kwamishina ma’aikatar gaskiya da rikon amana da cigaban karkara ci gaban karkara. A shekarar 2008 ya zama mataimaki na musamman a taron kasa domin banbance, a karkashin [[Bukar Ibrahim|Bukar]] Abba Ibrahim, sannan kuma ya kasance mataimakiyar dukiyar kasa a yankin arewa maso gabas karkashin jam'iyyar duk najeriya (All Nigeria Peoples Party, ANPP). A shekarar 2011 aka nada shi kwamishinan ma’aikatar noma ta jihar Yobe. An sake nada shi a matsayin kwamishinan ma’aikatar muhalli 2013, kwamishinan ma’aikatar kasafin kudi 2013, yayin da ayanzu yana matsayin mataimakin gwamnan jihar Yobe yafara 2019 zuwa yanzu.<ref>https://nigeriaelections.stearsng.com/state/YB/governor/2019</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category: Mutane daga Arewacin Najeriya]] [[Category: 'yan siyasa]] [[Category: 'yan Najeriya]] [[Category: jihar Yobe]] [[Category: Karai-Karai]] 7i2fckgm5etmqg4fjpf2cpd41geuy0h 826478 826477 2026-04-26T07:26:39Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Siyasa */ 826478 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Alhaji Idi Barde Gubana''' (Shekarar haihuwa; ranar ashirin da hudu 24 ga Watan Afrilu shekarar alif 1960) ya kasance ɗan siyasa ne a [[Najeriya]], wanda a halin yanzu shi ne mataimakin gwamnan. [[Jihar Yobe]] na yanzu gwamna [[Mai Mala Buni]] da aka zaɓa a ƙarƙashin inuwar jam'iyyar APC a shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha Tara 2019. An haife shi ne a garin [[Gubana]] na ƙaramar hukumar [[Fune]]. Ya fito ne daga jinsin al'ummar [[Karai-Karai (yare)|Karai-Karai]] kuma shi ne ke riƙe da mukamin [[gargajiya]] na '''Wazirin Fune'''.<ref>https://www.today.ng/topic/idi-barde-gubana</ref> == Karatu == Barde, ya halarci makarantar firamare ta [[Daura]] a shekarar alif 1970 inda ya samu shaidar kammala karatunsa na farko a shekarar alif 1976, sannan ya yi makarantar sakandare a kwalejin malamai ta [[Borno]] daga shekara ta alif 1973 zuwa 1979 inda ya samu takardar kammala jarrabawar [[Afirka]] ta Yamma.<ref>https://www.channelstv.com/tag/alhaji-idi-barde-gubana</ref> Ya yi makarantar koyon zamantakewar jama'a a [[Jos]] a shekarar ta alif 1989 don samun digirin HND. Daga nan sai ya tafi jami'ar Borno (UNIMAID) sannan ya yi digirinsa na farko a fannin kasuwanci (gudanar da kasuwanci) sannan ya tafi Jami'ar Tarayya dake [[Jihar Borno]] inda ya samu digiri na biyu a shekarar ta dubu biyu 2000. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://onobello.com/tag/idi-barde-gubana |access-date=2022-01-01 |archive-date=2022-01-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220101134349/https://onobello.com/tag/idi-barde-gubana/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Aiki == Ya yi aikin koyarwa a shekarar alif 1980 a makarantar firamare ta Dawayya sannan kuma a matsayin shugaban makaranta a makarantar firamare ta [[Gubana]] a shekarar alif 1982 zuwa 1984. A 1982 ya yi aiki a sashen [[noma]] a [[Ƙaramar Hukumar Fune]] ta [[jihar Yobe]]. Ya riƙe muƙamin shugaban sashen noma a sakateriyar ƙaramar hukumar [[Fika]].<ref>https://dailypost.ng/2021/09/01/yobe-apc-fixes-first-week-of-september-for-lgs-congress</ref> == Iyali da Addini == Barde ɗan [[Masarautar Gubana]] ne, yana da mata uku 3 da ’ya’ya ashirin da tara 29, Sannan kuma shi [[musulmi]] ne. == Siyasa== Idi Barde ya fara tafiyar siyasarsa ne a shekarar alif 1997 a lokacin da ya tsaya takara kuma ya lashe zaɓen shugaban ƙaramar hukumar Fune ya zauna ƙarkashin jam'iyyar tarayyar [[najeriya]] (United Nigeria Congress Party, UNCP), don wakiltar ƙaramar hukumar Fune. A shekara ta dubu biyu (2000) aka naɗa shi shugaban kwamitin riƙo a ƙaramar hukumar Fune har sau biyu zuwa 2003. Ya zama mai ba da taimako na musamman a ayyuka na musamman ga gwamnan jihar Yobe Bukar Abba Ibrahim a shekarar 2007, bayan nan kuma aka nada shi a matsayin kwamishina ma’aikatar gaskiya da rikon amana da cigaban karkara ci gaban karkara. A shekarar 2008 ya zama mataimaki na musamman a taron kasa domin banbance, a karkashin [[Bukar Ibrahim|Bukar]] Abba Ibrahim, sannan kuma ya kasance mataimakiyar dukiyar kasa a yankin arewa maso gabas karkashin jam'iyyar duk najeriya (All Nigeria Peoples Party, ANPP). A shekarar 2011 aka nada shi kwamishinan ma’aikatar noma ta jihar Yobe. An sake nada shi a matsayin kwamishinan ma’aikatar muhalli 2013, kwamishinan ma’aikatar kasafin kudi 2013, yayin da ayanzu yana matsayin mataimakin gwamnan jihar Yobe yafara 2019 zuwa yanzu.<ref>https://nigeriaelections.stearsng.com/state/YB/governor/2019</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category: Mutane daga Arewacin Najeriya]] [[Category: 'yan siyasa]] [[Category: 'yan Najeriya]] [[Category: jihar Yobe]] [[Category: Karai-Karai]] ltgtls4p0aw0ybwowfc520uv3scc4qc 826479 826478 2026-04-26T07:27:38Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Siyasa */ 826479 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Alhaji Idi Barde Gubana''' (Shekarar haihuwa; ranar ashirin da hudu 24 ga Watan Afrilu shekarar alif 1960) ya kasance ɗan siyasa ne a [[Najeriya]], wanda a halin yanzu shi ne mataimakin gwamnan. [[Jihar Yobe]] na yanzu gwamna [[Mai Mala Buni]] da aka zaɓa a ƙarƙashin inuwar jam'iyyar APC a shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha Tara 2019. An haife shi ne a garin [[Gubana]] na ƙaramar hukumar [[Fune]]. Ya fito ne daga jinsin al'ummar [[Karai-Karai (yare)|Karai-Karai]] kuma shi ne ke riƙe da mukamin [[gargajiya]] na '''Wazirin Fune'''.<ref>https://www.today.ng/topic/idi-barde-gubana</ref> == Karatu == Barde, ya halarci makarantar firamare ta [[Daura]] a shekarar alif 1970 inda ya samu shaidar kammala karatunsa na farko a shekarar alif 1976, sannan ya yi makarantar sakandare a kwalejin malamai ta [[Borno]] daga shekara ta alif 1973 zuwa 1979 inda ya samu takardar kammala jarrabawar [[Afirka]] ta Yamma.<ref>https://www.channelstv.com/tag/alhaji-idi-barde-gubana</ref> Ya yi makarantar koyon zamantakewar jama'a a [[Jos]] a shekarar ta alif 1989 don samun digirin HND. Daga nan sai ya tafi jami'ar Borno (UNIMAID) sannan ya yi digirinsa na farko a fannin kasuwanci (gudanar da kasuwanci) sannan ya tafi Jami'ar Tarayya dake [[Jihar Borno]] inda ya samu digiri na biyu a shekarar ta dubu biyu 2000. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://onobello.com/tag/idi-barde-gubana |access-date=2022-01-01 |archive-date=2022-01-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220101134349/https://onobello.com/tag/idi-barde-gubana/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Aiki == Ya yi aikin koyarwa a shekarar alif 1980 a makarantar firamare ta Dawayya sannan kuma a matsayin shugaban makaranta a makarantar firamare ta [[Gubana]] a shekarar alif 1982 zuwa 1984. A 1982 ya yi aiki a sashen [[noma]] a [[Ƙaramar Hukumar Fune]] ta [[jihar Yobe]]. Ya riƙe muƙamin shugaban sashen noma a sakateriyar ƙaramar hukumar [[Fika]].<ref>https://dailypost.ng/2021/09/01/yobe-apc-fixes-first-week-of-september-for-lgs-congress</ref> == Iyali da Addini == Barde ɗan [[Masarautar Gubana]] ne, yana da mata uku 3 da ’ya’ya ashirin da tara 29, Sannan kuma shi [[musulmi]] ne. == Siyasa== Idi Barde ya fara tafiyar siyasarsa ne a shekarar alif 1997 a lokacin da ya tsaya takara kuma ya lashe zaɓen shugaban ƙaramar hukumar Fune ya zauna ƙarkashin jam'iyyar tarayyar [[najeriya]] (United Nigeria Congress Party, UNCP), don wakiltar ƙaramar hukumar Fune. A shekara ta dubu biyu (2000) aka naɗa shi shugaban kwamitin riƙo a ƙaramar hukumar Fune har sau biyu zuwa 2003. Ya zama mai ba da taimako na musamman a ayyuka na musamman ga gwamnan jihar Yobe Bukar Abba Ibrahim a shekarar 2007, bayan nan kuma aka naɗa shi a matsayin kwamishina ma’aikatar gaskiya da rikon amana da cigaban karkara ci gaban karkara. A shekarar 2008 ya zama mataimaki na musamman a taron kasa domin banbance, a karkashin [[Bukar Ibrahim|Bukar]] Abba Ibrahim, sannan kuma ya kasance mataimakiyar dukiyar kasa a yankin arewa maso gabas karkashin jam'iyyar duk najeriya (All Nigeria Peoples Party, ANPP). A shekarar 2011 aka nada shi kwamishinan ma’aikatar noma ta jihar Yobe. An sake nada shi a matsayin kwamishinan ma’aikatar muhalli 2013, kwamishinan ma’aikatar kasafin kudi 2013, yayin da ayanzu yana matsayin mataimakin gwamnan jihar Yobe yafara 2019 zuwa yanzu.<ref>https://nigeriaelections.stearsng.com/state/YB/governor/2019</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category: Mutane daga Arewacin Najeriya]] [[Category: 'yan siyasa]] [[Category: 'yan Najeriya]] [[Category: jihar Yobe]] [[Category: Karai-Karai]] f41v406d24v5wg601sbwv5u2vn1etsd 826481 826479 2026-04-26T07:27:59Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Siyasa */ 826481 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Alhaji Idi Barde Gubana''' (Shekarar haihuwa; ranar ashirin da hudu 24 ga Watan Afrilu shekarar alif 1960) ya kasance ɗan siyasa ne a [[Najeriya]], wanda a halin yanzu shi ne mataimakin gwamnan. [[Jihar Yobe]] na yanzu gwamna [[Mai Mala Buni]] da aka zaɓa a ƙarƙashin inuwar jam'iyyar APC a shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha Tara 2019. An haife shi ne a garin [[Gubana]] na ƙaramar hukumar [[Fune]]. Ya fito ne daga jinsin al'ummar [[Karai-Karai (yare)|Karai-Karai]] kuma shi ne ke riƙe da mukamin [[gargajiya]] na '''Wazirin Fune'''.<ref>https://www.today.ng/topic/idi-barde-gubana</ref> == Karatu == Barde, ya halarci makarantar firamare ta [[Daura]] a shekarar alif 1970 inda ya samu shaidar kammala karatunsa na farko a shekarar alif 1976, sannan ya yi makarantar sakandare a kwalejin malamai ta [[Borno]] daga shekara ta alif 1973 zuwa 1979 inda ya samu takardar kammala jarrabawar [[Afirka]] ta Yamma.<ref>https://www.channelstv.com/tag/alhaji-idi-barde-gubana</ref> Ya yi makarantar koyon zamantakewar jama'a a [[Jos]] a shekarar ta alif 1989 don samun digirin HND. Daga nan sai ya tafi jami'ar Borno (UNIMAID) sannan ya yi digirinsa na farko a fannin kasuwanci (gudanar da kasuwanci) sannan ya tafi Jami'ar Tarayya dake [[Jihar Borno]] inda ya samu digiri na biyu a shekarar ta dubu biyu 2000. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://onobello.com/tag/idi-barde-gubana |access-date=2022-01-01 |archive-date=2022-01-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220101134349/https://onobello.com/tag/idi-barde-gubana/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Aiki == Ya yi aikin koyarwa a shekarar alif 1980 a makarantar firamare ta Dawayya sannan kuma a matsayin shugaban makaranta a makarantar firamare ta [[Gubana]] a shekarar alif 1982 zuwa 1984. A 1982 ya yi aiki a sashen [[noma]] a [[Ƙaramar Hukumar Fune]] ta [[jihar Yobe]]. Ya riƙe muƙamin shugaban sashen noma a sakateriyar ƙaramar hukumar [[Fika]].<ref>https://dailypost.ng/2021/09/01/yobe-apc-fixes-first-week-of-september-for-lgs-congress</ref> == Iyali da Addini == Barde ɗan [[Masarautar Gubana]] ne, yana da mata uku 3 da ’ya’ya ashirin da tara 29, Sannan kuma shi [[musulmi]] ne. == Siyasa== Idi Barde ya fara tafiyar siyasarsa ne a shekarar alif 1997 a lokacin da ya tsaya takara kuma ya lashe zaɓen shugaban ƙaramar hukumar Fune ya zauna ƙarkashin jam'iyyar tarayyar [[najeriya]] (United Nigeria Congress Party, UNCP), don wakiltar ƙaramar hukumar Fune. A shekara ta dubu biyu (2000) aka naɗa shi shugaban kwamitin riƙo a ƙaramar hukumar Fune har sau biyu zuwa 2003. Ya zama mai ba da taimako na musamman a ayyuka na musamman ga gwamnan jihar Yobe Bukar Abba Ibrahim a shekarar 2007, bayan nan kuma aka naɗa shi a matsayin kwamishina ma’aikatar gaskiya da riƙon amana da cigaban karkara ci gaban karkara. A shekarar 2008 ya zama mataimaki na musamman a taron kasa domin banbance, a karkashin [[Bukar Ibrahim|Bukar]] Abba Ibrahim, sannan kuma ya kasance mataimakiyar dukiyar kasa a yankin arewa maso gabas karkashin jam'iyyar duk najeriya (All Nigeria Peoples Party, ANPP). A shekarar 2011 aka nada shi kwamishinan ma’aikatar noma ta jihar Yobe. An sake nada shi a matsayin kwamishinan ma’aikatar muhalli 2013, kwamishinan ma’aikatar kasafin kudi 2013, yayin da ayanzu yana matsayin mataimakin gwamnan jihar Yobe yafara 2019 zuwa yanzu.<ref>https://nigeriaelections.stearsng.com/state/YB/governor/2019</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category: Mutane daga Arewacin Najeriya]] [[Category: 'yan siyasa]] [[Category: 'yan Najeriya]] [[Category: jihar Yobe]] [[Category: Karai-Karai]] clhl0j7vkdocxljtyeo8dfja1frra7o 826482 826481 2026-04-26T07:28:48Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Siyasa */ 826482 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Alhaji Idi Barde Gubana''' (Shekarar haihuwa; ranar ashirin da hudu 24 ga Watan Afrilu shekarar alif 1960) ya kasance ɗan siyasa ne a [[Najeriya]], wanda a halin yanzu shi ne mataimakin gwamnan. [[Jihar Yobe]] na yanzu gwamna [[Mai Mala Buni]] da aka zaɓa a ƙarƙashin inuwar jam'iyyar APC a shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha Tara 2019. An haife shi ne a garin [[Gubana]] na ƙaramar hukumar [[Fune]]. Ya fito ne daga jinsin al'ummar [[Karai-Karai (yare)|Karai-Karai]] kuma shi ne ke riƙe da mukamin [[gargajiya]] na '''Wazirin Fune'''.<ref>https://www.today.ng/topic/idi-barde-gubana</ref> == Karatu == Barde, ya halarci makarantar firamare ta [[Daura]] a shekarar alif 1970 inda ya samu shaidar kammala karatunsa na farko a shekarar alif 1976, sannan ya yi makarantar sakandare a kwalejin malamai ta [[Borno]] daga shekara ta alif 1973 zuwa 1979 inda ya samu takardar kammala jarrabawar [[Afirka]] ta Yamma.<ref>https://www.channelstv.com/tag/alhaji-idi-barde-gubana</ref> Ya yi makarantar koyon zamantakewar jama'a a [[Jos]] a shekarar ta alif 1989 don samun digirin HND. Daga nan sai ya tafi jami'ar Borno (UNIMAID) sannan ya yi digirinsa na farko a fannin kasuwanci (gudanar da kasuwanci) sannan ya tafi Jami'ar Tarayya dake [[Jihar Borno]] inda ya samu digiri na biyu a shekarar ta dubu biyu 2000. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://onobello.com/tag/idi-barde-gubana |access-date=2022-01-01 |archive-date=2022-01-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220101134349/https://onobello.com/tag/idi-barde-gubana/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Aiki == Ya yi aikin koyarwa a shekarar alif 1980 a makarantar firamare ta Dawayya sannan kuma a matsayin shugaban makaranta a makarantar firamare ta [[Gubana]] a shekarar alif 1982 zuwa 1984. A 1982 ya yi aiki a sashen [[noma]] a [[Ƙaramar Hukumar Fune]] ta [[jihar Yobe]]. Ya riƙe muƙamin shugaban sashen noma a sakateriyar ƙaramar hukumar [[Fika]].<ref>https://dailypost.ng/2021/09/01/yobe-apc-fixes-first-week-of-september-for-lgs-congress</ref> == Iyali da Addini == Barde ɗan [[Masarautar Gubana]] ne, yana da mata uku 3 da ’ya’ya ashirin da tara 29, Sannan kuma shi [[musulmi]] ne. == Siyasa== Idi Barde ya fara tafiyar siyasarsa ne a shekarar alif 1997 a lokacin da ya tsaya takara kuma ya lashe zaɓen shugaban ƙaramar hukumar Fune ya zauna ƙarkashin jam'iyyar tarayyar [[najeriya]] (United Nigeria Congress Party, UNCP), don wakiltar ƙaramar hukumar Fune. A shekara ta dubu biyu (2000) aka naɗa shi shugaban kwamitin riƙo a ƙaramar hukumar Fune har sau biyu zuwa 2003. Ya zama mai ba da taimako na musamman a ayyuka na musamman ga gwamnan jihar Yobe Bukar Abba Ibrahim a shekarar 2007, bayan nan kuma aka naɗa shi a matsayin kwamishina ma’aikatar gaskiya da riƙon amana da ci gaban karkara. A shekarar 2008 ya zama mataimaki na musamman a taron kasa domin banbance, a karkashin [[Bukar Ibrahim|Bukar]] Abba Ibrahim, sannan kuma ya kasance mataimakiyar dukiyar kasa a yankin arewa maso gabas karkashin jam'iyyar duk najeriya (All Nigeria Peoples Party, ANPP). A shekarar 2011 aka nada shi kwamishinan ma’aikatar noma ta jihar Yobe. An sake nada shi a matsayin kwamishinan ma’aikatar muhalli 2013, kwamishinan ma’aikatar kasafin kudi 2013, yayin da ayanzu yana matsayin mataimakin gwamnan jihar Yobe yafara 2019 zuwa yanzu.<ref>https://nigeriaelections.stearsng.com/state/YB/governor/2019</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category: Mutane daga Arewacin Najeriya]] [[Category: 'yan siyasa]] [[Category: 'yan Najeriya]] [[Category: jihar Yobe]] [[Category: Karai-Karai]] 1zchqwd44wbvckh6twej2f9keyzsvj5 826483 826482 2026-04-26T07:29:32Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Siyasa */ 826483 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Alhaji Idi Barde Gubana''' (Shekarar haihuwa; ranar ashirin da hudu 24 ga Watan Afrilu shekarar alif 1960) ya kasance ɗan siyasa ne a [[Najeriya]], wanda a halin yanzu shi ne mataimakin gwamnan. [[Jihar Yobe]] na yanzu gwamna [[Mai Mala Buni]] da aka zaɓa a ƙarƙashin inuwar jam'iyyar APC a shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha Tara 2019. An haife shi ne a garin [[Gubana]] na ƙaramar hukumar [[Fune]]. Ya fito ne daga jinsin al'ummar [[Karai-Karai (yare)|Karai-Karai]] kuma shi ne ke riƙe da mukamin [[gargajiya]] na '''Wazirin Fune'''.<ref>https://www.today.ng/topic/idi-barde-gubana</ref> == Karatu == Barde, ya halarci makarantar firamare ta [[Daura]] a shekarar alif 1970 inda ya samu shaidar kammala karatunsa na farko a shekarar alif 1976, sannan ya yi makarantar sakandare a kwalejin malamai ta [[Borno]] daga shekara ta alif 1973 zuwa 1979 inda ya samu takardar kammala jarrabawar [[Afirka]] ta Yamma.<ref>https://www.channelstv.com/tag/alhaji-idi-barde-gubana</ref> Ya yi makarantar koyon zamantakewar jama'a a [[Jos]] a shekarar ta alif 1989 don samun digirin HND. Daga nan sai ya tafi jami'ar Borno (UNIMAID) sannan ya yi digirinsa na farko a fannin kasuwanci (gudanar da kasuwanci) sannan ya tafi Jami'ar Tarayya dake [[Jihar Borno]] inda ya samu digiri na biyu a shekarar ta dubu biyu 2000. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://onobello.com/tag/idi-barde-gubana |access-date=2022-01-01 |archive-date=2022-01-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220101134349/https://onobello.com/tag/idi-barde-gubana/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Aiki == Ya yi aikin koyarwa a shekarar alif 1980 a makarantar firamare ta Dawayya sannan kuma a matsayin shugaban makaranta a makarantar firamare ta [[Gubana]] a shekarar alif 1982 zuwa 1984. A 1982 ya yi aiki a sashen [[noma]] a [[Ƙaramar Hukumar Fune]] ta [[jihar Yobe]]. Ya riƙe muƙamin shugaban sashen noma a sakateriyar ƙaramar hukumar [[Fika]].<ref>https://dailypost.ng/2021/09/01/yobe-apc-fixes-first-week-of-september-for-lgs-congress</ref> == Iyali da Addini == Barde ɗan [[Masarautar Gubana]] ne, yana da mata uku 3 da ’ya’ya ashirin da tara 29, Sannan kuma shi [[musulmi]] ne. == Siyasa== Idi Barde ya fara tafiyar siyasarsa ne a shekarar alif 1997 a lokacin da ya tsaya takara kuma ya lashe zaɓen shugaban ƙaramar hukumar Fune ya zauna ƙarkashin jam'iyyar tarayyar [[najeriya]] (United Nigeria Congress Party, UNCP), don wakiltar ƙaramar hukumar Fune. A shekara ta dubu biyu (2000) aka naɗa shi shugaban kwamitin riƙo a ƙaramar hukumar Fune har sau biyu zuwa 2003. Ya zama mai ba da taimako na musamman a ayyuka na musamman ga gwamnan jihar Yobe Bukar Abba Ibrahim a shekarar 2007, bayan nan kuma aka naɗa shi a matsayin kwamishina ma’aikatar gaskiya da riƙon amana da ci gaban karkara. A shekarar 2008 ya zama mataimaki na musamman a taron ƙasa domin banbance, a karkashin [[Bukar Ibrahim|Bukar]] Abba Ibrahim, sannan kuma ya kasance mataimakiyar dukiyar kasa a yankin arewa maso gabas karkashin jam'iyyar duk najeriya (All Nigeria Peoples Party, ANPP). A shekarar 2011 aka nada shi kwamishinan ma’aikatar noma ta jihar Yobe. An sake nada shi a matsayin kwamishinan ma’aikatar muhalli 2013, kwamishinan ma’aikatar kasafin kudi 2013, yayin da ayanzu yana matsayin mataimakin gwamnan jihar Yobe yafara 2019 zuwa yanzu.<ref>https://nigeriaelections.stearsng.com/state/YB/governor/2019</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category: Mutane daga Arewacin Najeriya]] [[Category: 'yan siyasa]] [[Category: 'yan Najeriya]] [[Category: jihar Yobe]] [[Category: Karai-Karai]] 1e4l12atgu08b9070u303a394w0rpgu 826484 826483 2026-04-26T07:29:58Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Siyasa */ 826484 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Alhaji Idi Barde Gubana''' (Shekarar haihuwa; ranar ashirin da hudu 24 ga Watan Afrilu shekarar alif 1960) ya kasance ɗan siyasa ne a [[Najeriya]], wanda a halin yanzu shi ne mataimakin gwamnan. [[Jihar Yobe]] na yanzu gwamna [[Mai Mala Buni]] da aka zaɓa a ƙarƙashin inuwar jam'iyyar APC a shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha Tara 2019. An haife shi ne a garin [[Gubana]] na ƙaramar hukumar [[Fune]]. Ya fito ne daga jinsin al'ummar [[Karai-Karai (yare)|Karai-Karai]] kuma shi ne ke riƙe da mukamin [[gargajiya]] na '''Wazirin Fune'''.<ref>https://www.today.ng/topic/idi-barde-gubana</ref> == Karatu == Barde, ya halarci makarantar firamare ta [[Daura]] a shekarar alif 1970 inda ya samu shaidar kammala karatunsa na farko a shekarar alif 1976, sannan ya yi makarantar sakandare a kwalejin malamai ta [[Borno]] daga shekara ta alif 1973 zuwa 1979 inda ya samu takardar kammala jarrabawar [[Afirka]] ta Yamma.<ref>https://www.channelstv.com/tag/alhaji-idi-barde-gubana</ref> Ya yi makarantar koyon zamantakewar jama'a a [[Jos]] a shekarar ta alif 1989 don samun digirin HND. Daga nan sai ya tafi jami'ar Borno (UNIMAID) sannan ya yi digirinsa na farko a fannin kasuwanci (gudanar da kasuwanci) sannan ya tafi Jami'ar Tarayya dake [[Jihar Borno]] inda ya samu digiri na biyu a shekarar ta dubu biyu 2000. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://onobello.com/tag/idi-barde-gubana |access-date=2022-01-01 |archive-date=2022-01-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220101134349/https://onobello.com/tag/idi-barde-gubana/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Aiki == Ya yi aikin koyarwa a shekarar alif 1980 a makarantar firamare ta Dawayya sannan kuma a matsayin shugaban makaranta a makarantar firamare ta [[Gubana]] a shekarar alif 1982 zuwa 1984. A 1982 ya yi aiki a sashen [[noma]] a [[Ƙaramar Hukumar Fune]] ta [[jihar Yobe]]. Ya riƙe muƙamin shugaban sashen noma a sakateriyar ƙaramar hukumar [[Fika]].<ref>https://dailypost.ng/2021/09/01/yobe-apc-fixes-first-week-of-september-for-lgs-congress</ref> == Iyali da Addini == Barde ɗan [[Masarautar Gubana]] ne, yana da mata uku 3 da ’ya’ya ashirin da tara 29, Sannan kuma shi [[musulmi]] ne. == Siyasa== Idi Barde ya fara tafiyar siyasarsa ne a shekarar alif 1997 a lokacin da ya tsaya takara kuma ya lashe zaɓen shugaban ƙaramar hukumar Fune ya zauna ƙarkashin jam'iyyar tarayyar [[najeriya]] (United Nigeria Congress Party, UNCP), don wakiltar ƙaramar hukumar Fune. A shekara ta dubu biyu (2000) aka naɗa shi shugaban kwamitin riƙo a ƙaramar hukumar Fune har sau biyu zuwa 2003. Ya zama mai ba da taimako na musamman a ayyuka na musamman ga gwamnan jihar Yobe Bukar Abba Ibrahim a shekarar 2007, bayan nan kuma aka naɗa shi a matsayin kwamishina ma’aikatar gaskiya da riƙon amana da ci gaban karkara. A shekarar 2008 ya zama mataimaki na musamman a taron ƙasa domin banbance, a ƙarƙashin [[Bukar Ibrahim|Bukar]] Abba Ibrahim, sannan kuma ya kasance mataimakiyar dukiyar kasa a yankin arewa maso gabas karkashin jam'iyyar duk najeriya (All Nigeria Peoples Party, ANPP). A shekarar 2011 aka nada shi kwamishinan ma’aikatar noma ta jihar Yobe. An sake nada shi a matsayin kwamishinan ma’aikatar muhalli 2013, kwamishinan ma’aikatar kasafin kudi 2013, yayin da ayanzu yana matsayin mataimakin gwamnan jihar Yobe yafara 2019 zuwa yanzu.<ref>https://nigeriaelections.stearsng.com/state/YB/governor/2019</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category: Mutane daga Arewacin Najeriya]] [[Category: 'yan siyasa]] [[Category: 'yan Najeriya]] [[Category: jihar Yobe]] [[Category: Karai-Karai]] tq7f9lgg0789vx452fo5jlmnk8qkrlt 826485 826484 2026-04-26T07:30:19Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Siyasa */ 826485 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Alhaji Idi Barde Gubana''' (Shekarar haihuwa; ranar ashirin da hudu 24 ga Watan Afrilu shekarar alif 1960) ya kasance ɗan siyasa ne a [[Najeriya]], wanda a halin yanzu shi ne mataimakin gwamnan. [[Jihar Yobe]] na yanzu gwamna [[Mai Mala Buni]] da aka zaɓa a ƙarƙashin inuwar jam'iyyar APC a shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha Tara 2019. An haife shi ne a garin [[Gubana]] na ƙaramar hukumar [[Fune]]. Ya fito ne daga jinsin al'ummar [[Karai-Karai (yare)|Karai-Karai]] kuma shi ne ke riƙe da mukamin [[gargajiya]] na '''Wazirin Fune'''.<ref>https://www.today.ng/topic/idi-barde-gubana</ref> == Karatu == Barde, ya halarci makarantar firamare ta [[Daura]] a shekarar alif 1970 inda ya samu shaidar kammala karatunsa na farko a shekarar alif 1976, sannan ya yi makarantar sakandare a kwalejin malamai ta [[Borno]] daga shekara ta alif 1973 zuwa 1979 inda ya samu takardar kammala jarrabawar [[Afirka]] ta Yamma.<ref>https://www.channelstv.com/tag/alhaji-idi-barde-gubana</ref> Ya yi makarantar koyon zamantakewar jama'a a [[Jos]] a shekarar ta alif 1989 don samun digirin HND. Daga nan sai ya tafi jami'ar Borno (UNIMAID) sannan ya yi digirinsa na farko a fannin kasuwanci (gudanar da kasuwanci) sannan ya tafi Jami'ar Tarayya dake [[Jihar Borno]] inda ya samu digiri na biyu a shekarar ta dubu biyu 2000. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://onobello.com/tag/idi-barde-gubana |access-date=2022-01-01 |archive-date=2022-01-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220101134349/https://onobello.com/tag/idi-barde-gubana/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Aiki == Ya yi aikin koyarwa a shekarar alif 1980 a makarantar firamare ta Dawayya sannan kuma a matsayin shugaban makaranta a makarantar firamare ta [[Gubana]] a shekarar alif 1982 zuwa 1984. A 1982 ya yi aiki a sashen [[noma]] a [[Ƙaramar Hukumar Fune]] ta [[jihar Yobe]]. Ya riƙe muƙamin shugaban sashen noma a sakateriyar ƙaramar hukumar [[Fika]].<ref>https://dailypost.ng/2021/09/01/yobe-apc-fixes-first-week-of-september-for-lgs-congress</ref> == Iyali da Addini == Barde ɗan [[Masarautar Gubana]] ne, yana da mata uku 3 da ’ya’ya ashirin da tara 29, Sannan kuma shi [[musulmi]] ne. == Siyasa== Idi Barde ya fara tafiyar siyasarsa ne a shekarar alif 1997 a lokacin da ya tsaya takara kuma ya lashe zaɓen shugaban ƙaramar hukumar Fune ya zauna ƙarkashin jam'iyyar tarayyar [[najeriya]] (United Nigeria Congress Party, UNCP), don wakiltar ƙaramar hukumar Fune. A shekara ta dubu biyu (2000) aka naɗa shi shugaban kwamitin riƙo a ƙaramar hukumar Fune har sau biyu zuwa 2003. Ya zama mai ba da taimako na musamman a ayyuka na musamman ga gwamnan jihar Yobe Bukar Abba Ibrahim a shekarar 2007, bayan nan kuma aka naɗa shi a matsayin kwamishina ma’aikatar gaskiya da riƙon amana da ci gaban karkara. A shekarar 2008 ya zama mataimaki na musamman a taron ƙasa domin banbance, a ƙarƙashin [[Bukar Ibrahim|Bukar]] Abba Ibrahim, sannan kuma ya kasance mataimakiyar dukiyar ƙasa a yankin arewa maso gabas karkashin jam'iyyar duk najeriya (All Nigeria Peoples Party, ANPP). A shekarar 2011 aka nada shi kwamishinan ma’aikatar noma ta jihar Yobe. An sake nada shi a matsayin kwamishinan ma’aikatar muhalli 2013, kwamishinan ma’aikatar kasafin kudi 2013, yayin da ayanzu yana matsayin mataimakin gwamnan jihar Yobe yafara 2019 zuwa yanzu.<ref>https://nigeriaelections.stearsng.com/state/YB/governor/2019</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category: Mutane daga Arewacin Najeriya]] [[Category: 'yan siyasa]] [[Category: 'yan Najeriya]] [[Category: jihar Yobe]] [[Category: Karai-Karai]] pgppgcdpe3tg6bcx1rwfy0gittl9moa 826487 826485 2026-04-26T07:30:49Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Siyasa */ 826487 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Alhaji Idi Barde Gubana''' (Shekarar haihuwa; ranar ashirin da hudu 24 ga Watan Afrilu shekarar alif 1960) ya kasance ɗan siyasa ne a [[Najeriya]], wanda a halin yanzu shi ne mataimakin gwamnan. [[Jihar Yobe]] na yanzu gwamna [[Mai Mala Buni]] da aka zaɓa a ƙarƙashin inuwar jam'iyyar APC a shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha Tara 2019. An haife shi ne a garin [[Gubana]] na ƙaramar hukumar [[Fune]]. Ya fito ne daga jinsin al'ummar [[Karai-Karai (yare)|Karai-Karai]] kuma shi ne ke riƙe da mukamin [[gargajiya]] na '''Wazirin Fune'''.<ref>https://www.today.ng/topic/idi-barde-gubana</ref> == Karatu == Barde, ya halarci makarantar firamare ta [[Daura]] a shekarar alif 1970 inda ya samu shaidar kammala karatunsa na farko a shekarar alif 1976, sannan ya yi makarantar sakandare a kwalejin malamai ta [[Borno]] daga shekara ta alif 1973 zuwa 1979 inda ya samu takardar kammala jarrabawar [[Afirka]] ta Yamma.<ref>https://www.channelstv.com/tag/alhaji-idi-barde-gubana</ref> Ya yi makarantar koyon zamantakewar jama'a a [[Jos]] a shekarar ta alif 1989 don samun digirin HND. Daga nan sai ya tafi jami'ar Borno (UNIMAID) sannan ya yi digirinsa na farko a fannin kasuwanci (gudanar da kasuwanci) sannan ya tafi Jami'ar Tarayya dake [[Jihar Borno]] inda ya samu digiri na biyu a shekarar ta dubu biyu 2000. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://onobello.com/tag/idi-barde-gubana |access-date=2022-01-01 |archive-date=2022-01-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220101134349/https://onobello.com/tag/idi-barde-gubana/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Aiki == Ya yi aikin koyarwa a shekarar alif 1980 a makarantar firamare ta Dawayya sannan kuma a matsayin shugaban makaranta a makarantar firamare ta [[Gubana]] a shekarar alif 1982 zuwa 1984. A 1982 ya yi aiki a sashen [[noma]] a [[Ƙaramar Hukumar Fune]] ta [[jihar Yobe]]. Ya riƙe muƙamin shugaban sashen noma a sakateriyar ƙaramar hukumar [[Fika]].<ref>https://dailypost.ng/2021/09/01/yobe-apc-fixes-first-week-of-september-for-lgs-congress</ref> == Iyali da Addini == Barde ɗan [[Masarautar Gubana]] ne, yana da mata uku 3 da ’ya’ya ashirin da tara 29, Sannan kuma shi [[musulmi]] ne. == Siyasa== Idi Barde ya fara tafiyar siyasarsa ne a shekarar alif 1997 a lokacin da ya tsaya takara kuma ya lashe zaɓen shugaban ƙaramar hukumar Fune ya zauna ƙarkashin jam'iyyar tarayyar [[najeriya]] (United Nigeria Congress Party, UNCP), don wakiltar ƙaramar hukumar Fune. A shekara ta dubu biyu (2000) aka naɗa shi shugaban kwamitin riƙo a ƙaramar hukumar Fune har sau biyu zuwa 2003. Ya zama mai ba da taimako na musamman a ayyuka na musamman ga gwamnan jihar Yobe Bukar Abba Ibrahim a shekarar 2007, bayan nan kuma aka naɗa shi a matsayin kwamishina ma’aikatar gaskiya da riƙon amana da ci gaban karkara. A shekarar 2008 ya zama mataimaki na musamman a taron ƙasa domin banbance, a ƙarƙashin [[Bukar Ibrahim|Bukar]] Abba Ibrahim, sannan kuma ya kasance mataimakiyar dukiyar ƙasa a yankin arewa maso gabas ƙarƙashin jam'iyyar duk najeriya (All Nigeria Peoples Party, ANPP). A shekarar 2011 aka nada shi kwamishinan ma’aikatar noma ta jihar Yobe. An sake nada shi a matsayin kwamishinan ma’aikatar muhalli 2013, kwamishinan ma’aikatar kasafin kudi 2013, yayin da ayanzu yana matsayin mataimakin gwamnan jihar Yobe yafara 2019 zuwa yanzu.<ref>https://nigeriaelections.stearsng.com/state/YB/governor/2019</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category: Mutane daga Arewacin Najeriya]] [[Category: 'yan siyasa]] [[Category: 'yan Najeriya]] [[Category: jihar Yobe]] [[Category: Karai-Karai]] m78e1ji8ytpnifeoq41j50smi6kiwfm 826490 826487 2026-04-26T07:31:27Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Siyasa */ 826490 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Alhaji Idi Barde Gubana''' (Shekarar haihuwa; ranar ashirin da hudu 24 ga Watan Afrilu shekarar alif 1960) ya kasance ɗan siyasa ne a [[Najeriya]], wanda a halin yanzu shi ne mataimakin gwamnan. [[Jihar Yobe]] na yanzu gwamna [[Mai Mala Buni]] da aka zaɓa a ƙarƙashin inuwar jam'iyyar APC a shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha Tara 2019. An haife shi ne a garin [[Gubana]] na ƙaramar hukumar [[Fune]]. Ya fito ne daga jinsin al'ummar [[Karai-Karai (yare)|Karai-Karai]] kuma shi ne ke riƙe da mukamin [[gargajiya]] na '''Wazirin Fune'''.<ref>https://www.today.ng/topic/idi-barde-gubana</ref> == Karatu == Barde, ya halarci makarantar firamare ta [[Daura]] a shekarar alif 1970 inda ya samu shaidar kammala karatunsa na farko a shekarar alif 1976, sannan ya yi makarantar sakandare a kwalejin malamai ta [[Borno]] daga shekara ta alif 1973 zuwa 1979 inda ya samu takardar kammala jarrabawar [[Afirka]] ta Yamma.<ref>https://www.channelstv.com/tag/alhaji-idi-barde-gubana</ref> Ya yi makarantar koyon zamantakewar jama'a a [[Jos]] a shekarar ta alif 1989 don samun digirin HND. Daga nan sai ya tafi jami'ar Borno (UNIMAID) sannan ya yi digirinsa na farko a fannin kasuwanci (gudanar da kasuwanci) sannan ya tafi Jami'ar Tarayya dake [[Jihar Borno]] inda ya samu digiri na biyu a shekarar ta dubu biyu 2000. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://onobello.com/tag/idi-barde-gubana |access-date=2022-01-01 |archive-date=2022-01-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220101134349/https://onobello.com/tag/idi-barde-gubana/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Aiki == Ya yi aikin koyarwa a shekarar alif 1980 a makarantar firamare ta Dawayya sannan kuma a matsayin shugaban makaranta a makarantar firamare ta [[Gubana]] a shekarar alif 1982 zuwa 1984. A 1982 ya yi aiki a sashen [[noma]] a [[Ƙaramar Hukumar Fune]] ta [[jihar Yobe]]. Ya riƙe muƙamin shugaban sashen noma a sakateriyar ƙaramar hukumar [[Fika]].<ref>https://dailypost.ng/2021/09/01/yobe-apc-fixes-first-week-of-september-for-lgs-congress</ref> == Iyali da Addini == Barde ɗan [[Masarautar Gubana]] ne, yana da mata uku 3 da ’ya’ya ashirin da tara 29, Sannan kuma shi [[musulmi]] ne. == Siyasa== Idi Barde ya fara tafiyar siyasarsa ne a shekarar alif 1997 a lokacin da ya tsaya takara kuma ya lashe zaɓen shugaban ƙaramar hukumar Fune ya zauna ƙarkashin jam'iyyar tarayyar [[najeriya]] (United Nigeria Congress Party, UNCP), don wakiltar ƙaramar hukumar Fune. A shekara ta dubu biyu (2000) aka naɗa shi shugaban kwamitin riƙo a ƙaramar hukumar Fune har sau biyu zuwa 2003. Ya zama mai ba da taimako na musamman a ayyuka na musamman ga gwamnan jihar Yobe Bukar Abba Ibrahim a shekarar 2007, bayan nan kuma aka naɗa shi a matsayin kwamishina ma’aikatar gaskiya da riƙon amana da ci gaban karkara. A shekarar 2008 ya zama mataimaki na musamman a taron ƙasa domin banbance, a ƙarƙashin [[Bukar Ibrahim|Bukar]] Abba Ibrahim, sannan kuma ya kasance mataimakiyar dukiyar ƙasa a yankin arewa maso gabas ƙarƙashin jam'iyyar duk najeriya (All Nigeria Peoples Party, ANPP). A shekarar 2011 aka naɗa shi kwamishinan ma’aikatar noma ta jihar Yobe. An sake nada shi a matsayin kwamishinan ma’aikatar muhalli 2013, kwamishinan ma’aikatar kasafin kudi 2013, yayin da ayanzu yana matsayin mataimakin gwamnan jihar Yobe yafara 2019 zuwa yanzu.<ref>https://nigeriaelections.stearsng.com/state/YB/governor/2019</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category: Mutane daga Arewacin Najeriya]] [[Category: 'yan siyasa]] [[Category: 'yan Najeriya]] [[Category: jihar Yobe]] [[Category: Karai-Karai]] qfnkp9jfof5c99yuoikrjt2xi3af7q3 826492 826490 2026-04-26T07:31:47Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Siyasa */ 826492 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Alhaji Idi Barde Gubana''' (Shekarar haihuwa; ranar ashirin da hudu 24 ga Watan Afrilu shekarar alif 1960) ya kasance ɗan siyasa ne a [[Najeriya]], wanda a halin yanzu shi ne mataimakin gwamnan. [[Jihar Yobe]] na yanzu gwamna [[Mai Mala Buni]] da aka zaɓa a ƙarƙashin inuwar jam'iyyar APC a shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha Tara 2019. An haife shi ne a garin [[Gubana]] na ƙaramar hukumar [[Fune]]. Ya fito ne daga jinsin al'ummar [[Karai-Karai (yare)|Karai-Karai]] kuma shi ne ke riƙe da mukamin [[gargajiya]] na '''Wazirin Fune'''.<ref>https://www.today.ng/topic/idi-barde-gubana</ref> == Karatu == Barde, ya halarci makarantar firamare ta [[Daura]] a shekarar alif 1970 inda ya samu shaidar kammala karatunsa na farko a shekarar alif 1976, sannan ya yi makarantar sakandare a kwalejin malamai ta [[Borno]] daga shekara ta alif 1973 zuwa 1979 inda ya samu takardar kammala jarrabawar [[Afirka]] ta Yamma.<ref>https://www.channelstv.com/tag/alhaji-idi-barde-gubana</ref> Ya yi makarantar koyon zamantakewar jama'a a [[Jos]] a shekarar ta alif 1989 don samun digirin HND. Daga nan sai ya tafi jami'ar Borno (UNIMAID) sannan ya yi digirinsa na farko a fannin kasuwanci (gudanar da kasuwanci) sannan ya tafi Jami'ar Tarayya dake [[Jihar Borno]] inda ya samu digiri na biyu a shekarar ta dubu biyu 2000. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://onobello.com/tag/idi-barde-gubana |access-date=2022-01-01 |archive-date=2022-01-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220101134349/https://onobello.com/tag/idi-barde-gubana/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Aiki == Ya yi aikin koyarwa a shekarar alif 1980 a makarantar firamare ta Dawayya sannan kuma a matsayin shugaban makaranta a makarantar firamare ta [[Gubana]] a shekarar alif 1982 zuwa 1984. A 1982 ya yi aiki a sashen [[noma]] a [[Ƙaramar Hukumar Fune]] ta [[jihar Yobe]]. Ya riƙe muƙamin shugaban sashen noma a sakateriyar ƙaramar hukumar [[Fika]].<ref>https://dailypost.ng/2021/09/01/yobe-apc-fixes-first-week-of-september-for-lgs-congress</ref> == Iyali da Addini == Barde ɗan [[Masarautar Gubana]] ne, yana da mata uku 3 da ’ya’ya ashirin da tara 29, Sannan kuma shi [[musulmi]] ne. == Siyasa== Idi Barde ya fara tafiyar siyasarsa ne a shekarar alif 1997 a lokacin da ya tsaya takara kuma ya lashe zaɓen shugaban ƙaramar hukumar Fune ya zauna ƙarkashin jam'iyyar tarayyar [[najeriya]] (United Nigeria Congress Party, UNCP), don wakiltar ƙaramar hukumar Fune. A shekara ta dubu biyu (2000) aka naɗa shi shugaban kwamitin riƙo a ƙaramar hukumar Fune har sau biyu zuwa 2003. Ya zama mai ba da taimako na musamman a ayyuka na musamman ga gwamnan jihar Yobe Bukar Abba Ibrahim a shekarar 2007, bayan nan kuma aka naɗa shi a matsayin kwamishina ma’aikatar gaskiya da riƙon amana da ci gaban karkara. A shekarar 2008 ya zama mataimaki na musamman a taron ƙasa domin banbance, a ƙarƙashin [[Bukar Ibrahim|Bukar]] Abba Ibrahim, sannan kuma ya kasance mataimakiyar dukiyar ƙasa a yankin arewa maso gabas ƙarƙashin jam'iyyar duk najeriya (All Nigeria Peoples Party, ANPP). A shekarar 2011 aka naɗa shi kwamishinan ma’aikatar noma ta jihar Yobe. An sake naɗa shi a matsayin kwamishinan ma’aikatar muhalli 2013, kwamishinan ma’aikatar kasafin kudi 2013, yayin da ayanzu yana matsayin mataimakin gwamnan jihar Yobe yafara 2019 zuwa yanzu.<ref>https://nigeriaelections.stearsng.com/state/YB/governor/2019</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category: Mutane daga Arewacin Najeriya]] [[Category: 'yan siyasa]] [[Category: 'yan Najeriya]] [[Category: jihar Yobe]] [[Category: Karai-Karai]] b9epc768s814evphud4393ugjui2brg 826496 826492 2026-04-26T07:32:27Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Siyasa */ 826496 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Alhaji Idi Barde Gubana''' (Shekarar haihuwa; ranar ashirin da hudu 24 ga Watan Afrilu shekarar alif 1960) ya kasance ɗan siyasa ne a [[Najeriya]], wanda a halin yanzu shi ne mataimakin gwamnan. [[Jihar Yobe]] na yanzu gwamna [[Mai Mala Buni]] da aka zaɓa a ƙarƙashin inuwar jam'iyyar APC a shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha Tara 2019. An haife shi ne a garin [[Gubana]] na ƙaramar hukumar [[Fune]]. Ya fito ne daga jinsin al'ummar [[Karai-Karai (yare)|Karai-Karai]] kuma shi ne ke riƙe da mukamin [[gargajiya]] na '''Wazirin Fune'''.<ref>https://www.today.ng/topic/idi-barde-gubana</ref> == Karatu == Barde, ya halarci makarantar firamare ta [[Daura]] a shekarar alif 1970 inda ya samu shaidar kammala karatunsa na farko a shekarar alif 1976, sannan ya yi makarantar sakandare a kwalejin malamai ta [[Borno]] daga shekara ta alif 1973 zuwa 1979 inda ya samu takardar kammala jarrabawar [[Afirka]] ta Yamma.<ref>https://www.channelstv.com/tag/alhaji-idi-barde-gubana</ref> Ya yi makarantar koyon zamantakewar jama'a a [[Jos]] a shekarar ta alif 1989 don samun digirin HND. Daga nan sai ya tafi jami'ar Borno (UNIMAID) sannan ya yi digirinsa na farko a fannin kasuwanci (gudanar da kasuwanci) sannan ya tafi Jami'ar Tarayya dake [[Jihar Borno]] inda ya samu digiri na biyu a shekarar ta dubu biyu 2000. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://onobello.com/tag/idi-barde-gubana |access-date=2022-01-01 |archive-date=2022-01-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220101134349/https://onobello.com/tag/idi-barde-gubana/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Aiki == Ya yi aikin koyarwa a shekarar alif 1980 a makarantar firamare ta Dawayya sannan kuma a matsayin shugaban makaranta a makarantar firamare ta [[Gubana]] a shekarar alif 1982 zuwa 1984. A 1982 ya yi aiki a sashen [[noma]] a [[Ƙaramar Hukumar Fune]] ta [[jihar Yobe]]. Ya riƙe muƙamin shugaban sashen noma a sakateriyar ƙaramar hukumar [[Fika]].<ref>https://dailypost.ng/2021/09/01/yobe-apc-fixes-first-week-of-september-for-lgs-congress</ref> == Iyali da Addini == Barde ɗan [[Masarautar Gubana]] ne, yana da mata uku 3 da ’ya’ya ashirin da tara 29, Sannan kuma shi [[musulmi]] ne. == Siyasa== Idi Barde ya fara tafiyar siyasarsa ne a shekarar alif 1997 a lokacin da ya tsaya takara kuma ya lashe zaɓen shugaban ƙaramar hukumar Fune ya zauna ƙarkashin jam'iyyar tarayyar [[najeriya]] (United Nigeria Congress Party, UNCP), don wakiltar ƙaramar hukumar Fune. A shekara ta dubu biyu (2000) aka naɗa shi shugaban kwamitin riƙo a ƙaramar hukumar Fune har sau biyu zuwa 2003. Ya zama mai ba da taimako na musamman a ayyuka na musamman ga gwamnan jihar Yobe Bukar Abba Ibrahim a shekarar 2007, bayan nan kuma aka naɗa shi a matsayin kwamishina ma’aikatar gaskiya da riƙon amana da ci gaban karkara. A shekarar 2008 ya zama mataimaki na musamman a taron ƙasa domin banbance, a ƙarƙashin [[Bukar Ibrahim|Bukar]] Abba Ibrahim, sannan kuma ya kasance mataimakiyar dukiyar ƙasa a yankin arewa maso gabas ƙarƙashin jam'iyyar duk najeriya (All Nigeria Peoples Party, ANPP). A shekarar 2011 aka naɗa shi kwamishinan ma’aikatar noma ta jihar Yobe. An sake naɗa shi a matsayin kwamishinan ma’aikatar muhalli 2013, kwamishinan ma’aikatar kasafin kuɗi 2013, yayin da ayanzu yana matsayin mataimakin gwamnan jihar Yobe yafara 2019 zuwa yanzu.<ref>https://nigeriaelections.stearsng.com/state/YB/governor/2019</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category: Mutane daga Arewacin Najeriya]] [[Category: 'yan siyasa]] [[Category: 'yan Najeriya]] [[Category: jihar Yobe]] [[Category: Karai-Karai]] rg7tl7t5ja98v5jggkwv11l8n49mr0l 826497 826496 2026-04-26T07:33:12Z Lamba6334 25787 826497 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Alhaji Idi Barde Gubana''' (Shekarar haihuwa; ranar ashirin da hudu 24 ga Watan Afrilu shekarar alif 1960) ya kasance ɗan siyasa ne a [[Najeriya]], wanda a halin yanzu shi ne mataimakin gwamnan. [[Jihar Yobe]] na yanzu gwamna [[Mai Mala Buni]] da aka zaɓa a ƙarƙashin inuwar jam'iyyar APC a shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha Tara 2019. An haife shi ne a garin [[Gubana]] na ƙaramar hukumar [[Fune]]. Ya fito ne daga jinsin al'ummar [[Karai-Karai (yare)|Karai-Karai]] kuma shi ne ke riƙe da muƙamin [[gargajiya]] na '''Wazirin Fune'''.<ref>https://www.today.ng/topic/idi-barde-gubana</ref> == Karatu == Barde, ya halarci makarantar firamare ta [[Daura]] a shekarar alif 1970 inda ya samu shaidar kammala karatunsa na farko a shekarar alif 1976, sannan ya yi makarantar sakandare a kwalejin malamai ta [[Borno]] daga shekara ta alif 1973 zuwa 1979 inda ya samu takardar kammala jarrabawar [[Afirka]] ta Yamma.<ref>https://www.channelstv.com/tag/alhaji-idi-barde-gubana</ref> Ya yi makarantar koyon zamantakewar jama'a a [[Jos]] a shekarar ta alif 1989 don samun digirin HND. Daga nan sai ya tafi jami'ar Borno (UNIMAID) sannan ya yi digirinsa na farko a fannin kasuwanci (gudanar da kasuwanci) sannan ya tafi Jami'ar Tarayya dake [[Jihar Borno]] inda ya samu digiri na biyu a shekarar ta dubu biyu 2000. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=https://onobello.com/tag/idi-barde-gubana |access-date=2022-01-01 |archive-date=2022-01-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220101134349/https://onobello.com/tag/idi-barde-gubana/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Aiki == Ya yi aikin koyarwa a shekarar alif 1980 a makarantar firamare ta Dawayya sannan kuma a matsayin shugaban makaranta a makarantar firamare ta [[Gubana]] a shekarar alif 1982 zuwa 1984. A 1982 ya yi aiki a sashen [[noma]] a [[Ƙaramar Hukumar Fune]] ta [[jihar Yobe]]. Ya riƙe muƙamin shugaban sashen noma a sakateriyar ƙaramar hukumar [[Fika]].<ref>https://dailypost.ng/2021/09/01/yobe-apc-fixes-first-week-of-september-for-lgs-congress</ref> == Iyali da Addini == Barde ɗan [[Masarautar Gubana]] ne, yana da mata uku 3 da ’ya’ya ashirin da tara 29, Sannan kuma shi [[musulmi]] ne. == Siyasa== Idi Barde ya fara tafiyar siyasarsa ne a shekarar alif 1997 a lokacin da ya tsaya takara kuma ya lashe zaɓen shugaban ƙaramar hukumar Fune ya zauna ƙarkashin jam'iyyar tarayyar [[najeriya]] (United Nigeria Congress Party, UNCP), don wakiltar ƙaramar hukumar Fune. A shekara ta dubu biyu (2000) aka naɗa shi shugaban kwamitin riƙo a ƙaramar hukumar Fune har sau biyu zuwa 2003. Ya zama mai ba da taimako na musamman a ayyuka na musamman ga gwamnan jihar Yobe Bukar Abba Ibrahim a shekarar 2007, bayan nan kuma aka naɗa shi a matsayin kwamishina ma’aikatar gaskiya da riƙon amana da ci gaban karkara. A shekarar 2008 ya zama mataimaki na musamman a taron ƙasa domin banbance, a ƙarƙashin [[Bukar Ibrahim|Bukar]] Abba Ibrahim, sannan kuma ya kasance mataimakiyar dukiyar ƙasa a yankin arewa maso gabas ƙarƙashin jam'iyyar duk najeriya (All Nigeria Peoples Party, ANPP). A shekarar 2011 aka naɗa shi kwamishinan ma’aikatar noma ta jihar Yobe. An sake naɗa shi a matsayin kwamishinan ma’aikatar muhalli 2013, kwamishinan ma’aikatar kasafin kuɗi 2013, yayin da ayanzu yana matsayin mataimakin gwamnan jihar Yobe yafara 2019 zuwa yanzu.<ref>https://nigeriaelections.stearsng.com/state/YB/governor/2019</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category: Mutane daga Arewacin Najeriya]] [[Category: 'yan siyasa]] [[Category: 'yan Najeriya]] [[Category: jihar Yobe]] [[Category: Karai-Karai]] hvtbln87w252mfovgkb11kelzj3vitn 0 29081 826263 701928 2026-04-25T15:11:02Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826263 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ciwon huhu na yau da kullun''' ('''COPD''') wani nau'in cutar huhu ne mai toshewa wanda ke da matsalar numfashi na dogon lokaci da rashin isasshen iska.<ref name="GOLD2017Chp1" /><ref name="Roversi2017">{{cite journal|last1=Roversi|first1=Sara|last2=Corbetta|first2=Lorenzo|last3=Clini|first3=Enrico|title=GOLD 2017 recommendations for COPD patients: toward a more personalized approach|date=5 May 2017|journal=COPD Research and Practice|volume=3|doi=10.1186/s40749-017-0024-y|doi-access=free}}</ref> Babban alamun sun hada da karancin numfashi da tari tare da samar da sputum.<ref name="GOLD2017Chp1">{{cite journal|vauthors=Vogelmeier CF, Criner GJ, Martinez FJ, Anzueto A, Barnes PJ, Bourbeau J, Celli BR, Chen R, Decramer M, Fabbri LM, Frith P, Halpin DM, López Varela MV, Nishimura M, Roche N, Rodriguez-Roisin R, Sin DD, Singh D, Stockley R, Vestbo J, Wedzicha JA, Agusti A|s2cid=42027653|display-authors=6|title=Global Strategy for the Diagnosis, Management and Prevention of Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease 2017 Report: GOLD Executive Summary|journal=Respirology|volume=22|issue=3|pages=575–601|date=April 2017|pmid=28150362|doi=10.1111/resp.13012|doi-access=free}}</ref> COPD cuta ce mai ci gaba, ma'ana yawanci takan tsananta akan lokaci.<ref name="GOLD2013Chp1">{{cite book|last=Vestbo|first=Jørgen|title=Global Strategy for the Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease|journal=American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine|volume=187|issue=4|year=2013|publisher=Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease|pages=1–7|chapter=Definition and Overview|doi=10.1164/rccm.201204-0596PP|pmid=22878278|chapter-url=http://ajrccm.atsjournals.org/content/187/4/347.full.pdf+html|access-date=2022-02-05|archive-date=2013-03-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130302033053/http://ajrccm.atsjournals.org/content/187/4/347.full.pdf+html|url-status=dead}}</ref> daga ƙarshe, ayyukan yau da kullun kamar tafiya ko yin sutura suna zama da wahala.<ref name="WHO2015">{{cite web|title=Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Fact sheet N°315|url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs315/en/|website=WHO|access-date=4 March 2016|date=January 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304082716/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs315/en/|archive-date=4 March 2016}}</ref> '''Cutar sankara na yau da kullun''' da '''emphysema''' sune tsoffin kalmomin da ake amfani da su don nau'ikan COPD daban-daban.<ref name="WHO2017">{{cite web|title=Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)|url=https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-(copd)|website=WHO|accessdate=6 June 2019|quote=The more familiar terms of "chronic bronchitis" and "emphysema" have often been used as labels for this condition.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Craig|first1=John A.|title=Ferri's netter patient advisor|date=2012|publisher=Saunders|isbn=9781455728268|page=913|edition=2nd|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=li1VCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA913|quote=Traditionally, two types of COPD were known as chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Most cases of COPD are a mixture of both diseases.}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)|url=https://www.who.int/respiratory/copd/en/|website=WHO|accessdate=5 June 2019|quote=Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is not one single disease but an umbrella term used to describe chronic lung diseases that cause limitations in lung airflow. The more familiar terms 'chronic bronchitis' and 'emphysema' are no longer used, but are now included within the COPD diagnosis.}}</ref> Har ila yau ana amfani da kalmar "nau'i-nau'i na mashako" don ma'anar tari mai amfani wanda ke samuwa na akalla watanni uku a kowace shekara har tsawon shekaru biyu.<ref name="GOLD2017Chp1" /> wadanda ke da irin wannan tari suna cikin hadarin hadaka COPD.<ref name="Gold2019p13">{{cite book|title=Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease|date=2019|page=13|url=https://goldcopd.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/GOLD-2019-v1.7-FINAL-14Nov2018-WMS.pdf|accessdate=1 May 2019}}</ref> Hakanan ana amfani da kalmar "emphysema" don rashin kasan cewar iska ko wani iskar gas a cikin kyallen takarda.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Taylor|first1=Jayne|title=Bailliere's Dictionary E-Book: for Nurses and Health Care Workers|date=2019|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|isbn=9780702075643|page=128|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rgmODwAAQBAJ&pg=PA128}}</ref> Mafi yawan sanadin COPD shine shan taba, tare da mananan adadin lokuta saboda dalilai kamar gurbataccen iska da kwayoyin halitta.<ref name="Lancet2012">{{cite journal|vauthors=Decramer M, Janssens W, Miravitlles M|title=Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease|journal=Lancet|volume=379|issue=9823|pages=1341–51|date=April 2012|pmid=22314182|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60968-9|pmc=7172377|citeseerx=10.1.1.1000.1967}}</ref> A cikin kasashe masu tasowa, daya daga cikin tushen gurbacewar iska shine rashin hura wutar lantarki da dafa abinci.<ref name="WHO2015" /> Tsawon lokaci ga wadannan abubuwan haushi yana haifar da amsa mai kumburi a cikin huhu, yana haifar da kunkuntar kananan hanyoyin iska da rushewar kwayar huhu.<ref name="GOLD2007">{{cite journal|vauthors=Rabe KF, Hurd S, Anzueto A, Barnes PJ, Buist SA, Calverley P, Fukuchi Y, Jenkins C, Rodriguez-Roisin R, van Weel C, Zielinski J|s2cid=20863981|title=Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: GOLD executive summary|journal=American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine|volume=176|issue=6|pages=532–55|date=September 2007|pmid=17507545|doi=10.1164/rccm.200703-456SO|hdl=2066/51740|hdl-access=free}}</ref> sakamakon ganewar asali ya dogara ne akan rashin kyawun iska kamar yadda aka auna ta gwajin aikin huhu.<ref name="Nathell">{{cite journal|vauthors=Nathell L, Nathell M, Malmberg P, Larsson K|title=COPD diagnosis related to different guidelines and spirometry techniques|journal=Respiratory Research|volume=8|issue=1|pages=89|date=December 2007|pmid=18053200|pmc=2217523|doi=10.1186/1465-9921-8-89}}</ref> Sabanin asma, raguwar kwararar iska baya inganta sosai tare da amfani da bronchodilator.<ref name="WHO2015" /><ref name="WebM2019">{{cite web|title=Asthma vs. COPD: What's the Difference?|website=WebMD|date=2019-01-30|url=https://www.webmd.com/lung/copd/asthma-vs-copd|access-date=2019-12-26}}</ref> Yawancin lokuta na COPD za a iya hana su ta hanyar rage hadari ga abubuwan hadari.<ref name="Piro2012">{{cite journal|vauthors=Pirozzi C, Scholand MB|title=Smoking cessation and environmental hygiene|journal=The Medical Clinics of North America|volume=96|issue=4|pages=849–67|date=July 2012|pmid=22793948|doi=10.1016/j.mcna.2012.04.014}}</ref> Wannan ya hada da rage yawan shan taba da inganta ingancin iska na cikin gida da waje.<ref name="WHO2015" /> duk da yake jiyya na iya raguwa da tabarbarewa, ba a san magani ba.<ref name="WHO2015" /> Magungunan COPD sun hada da daina shan taba, alluran rigakafi, gyaran numfashi, da sau da yawa shakar bronchodilator da steroids.<ref name="Lancet2012" /> Wasu mutane na iya amfana daga dogon lokaci na maganin oxygen ko dashen huhu.<ref name="GOLD2007" /> A cikin wadanda ke da lokuta na muni mai tsanani, ana iya bukatar karin amfani da magunguna, maganin rigakafi, steroids, da asibiti.<ref name="Lancet2012" /><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Dobler|first9=Lubna|doi=10.7326/M19-3007|pages=413–422|issue=6|volume=172|date=25 February 2020|journal=Annals of Internal Medicine|title=Pharmacologic Therapies in Patients With Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease|first12=Zhen|last12=Wang|first11=M. Hassan|last11=Murad|first10=Larry J.|last10=Prokop|last9=Daraz|first1=Claudia C.|first8=Mohamed O.|last8=Seisa|first7=Bashar|last7=Hasan|first6=Michael E.|last6=Wilson|first5=Abdul M.|last5=Majzoub|first4=Magdoleen H.|last4=Farah|first3=Bradley|last3=Beuschel|first2=Allison S.|last2=Morrow|pmid=32092762}}</ref> Ya zuwa shekarar 2015, COPD ta shafi kusan mutane miliyan 174.5 (2.4% na yawan al'ummar duniya).<ref name="GBD2015Pre">{{cite journal|author=GBD 2015 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators|title=Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015|journal=Lancet|volume=388|issue=10053|pages=1545–1602|date=October 2016|pmid=27733282|pmc=5055577|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6}}</ref> Yawanci yana faruwa a cikin mutanen da suka haura shekaru 40.<ref name="WHO2015" /> Maza da mata suna fama daidai da yawa. A shekarar 2015, ta yi sanadin mutuwar mutane miliyan 3.2, fiye da kashi 90 cikin 100 a kasashe masu tasowa,<ref name="WHO2015" /> sama da miliyan 2.4 a shekarar 1990.<ref name="GBD2015De">{{cite journal|author=GBD 2015 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators|title=Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015|journal=Lancet|volume=388|issue=10053|pages=1459–1544|date=October 2016|pmid=27733281|pmc=5388903|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31012-1}}</ref><ref name="GDB2013">{{cite journal|author=GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators|title=Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013|journal=Lancet|volume=385|issue=9963|pages=117–71|date=January 2015|pmid=25530442|pmc=4340604|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2}}</ref> An yi hasashen adadin wadanda suka mutu zai karu saboda karuwar yawan shan taba a kasashe masu tasowa, da kuma yawan tsufa a duniya. kasashe da dama.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Mathers CD, Loncar D|title=Projections of global mortality and burden of disease from 2002 to 2030|journal=PLOS Medicine|volume=3|issue=11|pages=e442|date=November 2006|pmid=17132052|pmc=1664601|doi=10.1371/journal.pmed.0030442}}</ref> Ya haifar da kiyasin tsadar tattalin arziki na dalar Amurka tiriliyan 2.1 a cikin 2010.<ref name="Cost2013">{{cite book|last=Lomborg|first=Bjørn|title=Global problems, local solutions : costs and benefits|year=2013|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-1-107-03959-9|page=143|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cRZaAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA143}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[category:Cutuka]] qbta5svw36zke55v1r8sv65jn03ovau 0 30588 826423 466522 2026-04-26T06:07:06Z Nura Bello 24854 826423 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Ma'aikatar Kariyar Muhalli''' ( {{Lang-he|המשרד להגנת הסביבה}} , ''HaMisrad LeHaganat HaSviva'' ; {{Lang-ar|وزارة حماية البيئة}} ) ma'aikatar gwamnati ce a [[Isra'ila]] . A da an san ta da '''Ma’aikatar Muhalli''' ( {{Lang-he|המשרד לאיכות הסביבה}} , ''HaMisrad LeEikhut HaSviva'' ). Ma'aikatar tana aiki a matakai uku: ƙasa, yanki da yanki: A matakin ƙasa ita ce ke da alhakin tsara haɗaɗɗiyar ƙasa baki ɗaya, da manufofin kare muhalli. A matakin yanki, ta hanyar gundumomi shida, ma'aikatar, da sauransu, tana sa ido kan aiwatar da manufofin muhalli na ƙasa, da aiwatar da tsare-tsaren tsare-tsare na cikin gida, da taimaka wa kananan hukumomi da nauyin da ya rataya a wuyansu na muhalli da kuma kula da su a lokacin da ake tsara abubuwan da ake bukata don samun lasisin kasuwanci. A matakin kananan hukumomi ma'aikatar tana ba da tallafi ga ƙungiyoyin muhalli da ƙungiyoyin garuruwa waɗanda aka kafa a cikin ƙananan hukumomi a duk faɗin ƙasar. <ref>[http://www.sviva.gov.il/English/AboutUs/Pages/AboutUs.aspx About us] Ministry of Environmental Protection</ref> Canjin yanayi babban yanki ne da ma'aikatar ke gudanar da ayyukanta. Babban manufar ma'aikatar a wannan fannin ita ce rage fitar da hayaƙi mai gurbata muhalli (GHG) daga dukkan tushe na tattalin arzikin Isra'ila. A cigaba da taron UNFCCC da aka yi a birnin Paris a shekarar 2015 ma'aikatar ta jagoranci wani kwamiti na ma'aikatun da suka yi nazari kan matakan rage yawan hayakin GHG a shekarar 2030 tare da tsara dabarun cimma wadannan manufofin. Har ila yau, ma'aikatar ita ce ke da alhakin shirya da mika rahotannin sauyin yanayi na Isra'ila ga hukumar UNFCCC. Ma'aikatar ta mayar da hankali kan ayyukanta kan manufofi da matakan inganta makamashi mai sabuntawa, sauyawa daga kwal zuwa iskar gas a fannin samar da wutar lantarki da kuma inganta aiwatar da matakan inganta makamashi a faɗin tattalin arziƙi. Ana kiran ɗan aikin sa kai na ma'aikatar "Ne'eman Nikayon", wanda aka fassara a zahiri a matsayin "mai kula da tsafta" amma an kwatanta shi da kyau a matsayin jami'in kare tsabtar sa kai. An tabbatar da su a ƙarƙashin "Dokar kariyar Tsafta ta 1984". Dole ne mai aikin sa kai ya wuce kwas na kwana ɗaya inda suka koyi ƙa'idodin da ke tattare da ikon su na ba da rahoton cin zarafin dokokin Isra'ila. Da zarar an ba da takardar shedar, mai aikin sa kai zai iya rubuta tikiti kan masu keta kuma ya mika su kai tsaye ga ma’aikatar don sarrafa su. A kusan dukkanin lokuta ana ba da tarar mai sauƙi {daga daga 250-8000 sabon shekel na Isra'ila }, amma a ƙarƙashin wasu yanayi ana iya aika ƙarar ta atomatik zuwa ga alkali (musamman a cikin shari'ar mai maimaita laifi) don yanke hukunci na musamman. Ma'aikatar kare muhalli ta biya (2) sufetoci (Pakachim) waɗanda ke aiki a irin wannan matsayi a matsayin mai sa kai na asali, da kuma riƙe ƙarin iko bisa ga dokar Isra'ila. == Jerin sunayen ministoci == Ministan Kare Muhalli na Isra'ila ( {{Lang-he|שר להגנת הסביבה}} , ''Sar LeHaganat HaSviva'' ) shi ne shugaban siyasa na ma'aikatar. An ƙirƙiro gidan ne a ranar 22 ga Disambar shekara ta 1988, <ref>[https://www.knesset.gov.il/govt/eng/GovtByMinistry_eng.asp?ministry=22 All Ministers in the Ministry of the Environment] Knesset website</ref> kuma har zuwa Mayun shekara ta 2006 an san shi da Ministan Muhalli ( {{Lang-he|שר לאיכות הסביבה}} , ''Sar LeEikhut HaSviva'' ). An taba samun Mataimakin Minista a wani lokaci. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" !# !Minister !Party !Government !Term start !Term end !Notes |- ! colspan="7" |Minister of the Environment |- |1 | align="left" |Roni Milo | align="left" |Likud |23 |22 December 1988 |7 March 1990 | |- |2 | align="left" |Rafael Edri | align="left" |Alignment |23 |7 March 1990 |15 March 1990 | |- |3 | align="left" |Yitzhak Shamir | align="left" |Likud |24 |11 June 1990 |13 July 1992 |Serving Prime Minister |- |4 | align="left" |Ora Namir | align="left" |Labor Party |25 |13 July 1992 |31 December 1992 | |- |5 | align="left" |Yossi Sarid | align="left" |Meretz |25, 26 |31 December 1992 |18 June 1996 | |- |6 | align="left" |Rafael Eitan | align="left" |Tzomet |27 |28 June 1996 |6 July 1999 | |- |7 | align="left" |Dalia Itzik | align="left" |One Israel |28 |6 July 1999 |7 March 2001 | |- |8 | align="left" |Tzachi Hanegbi | align="left" |Likud |29 |7 March 2001 |28 February 2003 | |- |9 | align="left" |Yehudit Naot | align="left" |Shinui |30 |28 February 2003 |17 October 2004 | |- |10 | align="left" |Ilan Shalgi | align="left" |Shinui |30 |29 November 2004 |4 December 2004 |Acting Minister |- |11 | align="left" |Shalom Simhon | align="left" |Labor Party |30 |10 January 2005 |23 November 2005 | |- |12 | align="left" |Gideon Ezra | align="left" |Kadima |30 |18 January 2006 |4 May 2006 | |- ! colspan="7" |Minister of Environmental Protection |- |– | align="left" |Gideon Ezra | align="left" |Kadima |31 |4 May 2006 |31 March 2009 | |- |13 | align="left" |Gilad Erdan | align="left" |Likud |32 |31 March 2009 |18 March 2013 | |- |14 | align="left" |Amir Peretz | align="left" |Hatnuah |33 |18 March 2013 |9 November 2014 | |- |15 | align="left" |Avi Gabbay | align="left" |Not an MK |34 |14 May 2015 |31 May 2016 |Member of Kulanu |- |16 | align="left" |Moshe Kahlon | align="left" |Kulanu |34 |31 May 2016 |1 August 2016 | |- |17 | align="left" |Ze'ev Elkin | align="left" |Likud |34 |1 August 2016 |17 May 2020 | |- |18 | align="left" |Gila Gamliel | align="left" |Likud |34 |17 May 2020 |13 June 2021 | |- |19 | align="left" |Tamar Zandberg | align="left" |Meretz |36 |13 June 2021 | | |} === Mataimakin ministoci === {| class="wikitable" !# ! Minista ! Biki ! Gwamnati ! Lokacin farawa ! Ƙarshen wa'adin |- | 1 | Yigal Bibi | Jam'iyyar Addini ta Kasa | 24 | 20 Nuwamba 1990 | 13 ga Yuli, 1992 |- | 2 | Ofir Akunis | Likud | 33 | 9 Disamba 2014 | 14 ga Mayu, 2015 |- | 3 | Yaron Mazuz | Likud | 34 | 2 ga Agusta, 2016 | Afrilu 30, 2019 |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.sviva.gov.il/English/Pages/HomePage.aspx Ma'aikatar Kare Muhalli] * [https://www.knesset.gov.il/govt/eng/GovtByMinistry_eng.asp?ministry=22 Duk Ministoci a cikin gidan yanar gizon ma'aikatar muhalli] Knesset [[Category:Muhalli]] [[Category:Ƴancin muhalli]] [[Category:Ƴancin ɗan adam]] [[Category:Haƙƙin Ɗan Adam]] e4ema3q0xh9jmxg3rh2zr9kguv8tsde 0 31206 826336 492399 2026-04-25T20:25:03Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826336 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Congressman Trone's Opioid Epidemic Workshop (32724531407).jpg|thumb|'''Congressman Trone's Opioid Epidemic Workshop''' ]] '''David R. Boyd''' lauyan muhalli ne ɗan ƙasar Kanada, mai fafutuka da kuma jami'in diflomasiyya. Shi ne [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya|Wakilin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya]] na musamman kan haƙƙin ɗan Adam da muhalli.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=David R. Boyd, Special Rapporteur on human rights and the environment|url=https://www.ohchr.org/EN/Issues/Environment/SREnvironment/Pages/DavidBoyd.aspx|url-status=live|website=ohchr.org|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190207133959/https://www.ohchr.org/EN/Issues/Environment/SREnvironment/Pages/DavidBoyd.aspx |archive-date=2019-02-07 }}</ref> == Ayyukan aiki. == Ya goyi bayan [[Yarjejeniyar Escazú|yarjejeniyar Escazu.]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Foundation|first=Thomson Reuters|title=Can a treaty stop Latin American activists being killed?|url=https://news.trust.org/item/20210419055508-8u948/|access-date=2021-05-25|website=news.trust.org}}</ref> Ya goyi bayan ƙarar da aka kai [[Jakarta]] Clean Air.<ref>{{Cite web|title=UN expert supports lawsuit on Jakarta pollution|url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/paper/2020/11/18/un-expert-supports-lawsuit-on-jakarta-pollution.html|access-date=2021-05-25|website=The Jakarta Post|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Paddock|first=Richard C.|date=2021-05-19|title=Citizen Lawsuit Seeks Court’s Help in Battle for Clean Air in Jakarta|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/05/19/world/asia/indonesia-pollution-lawsuit.html|access-date=2021-05-25|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-01-15|title=Air pollution will lead to mass migration, say experts after landmark ruling|url=http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2021/jan/15/air-pollution-will-lead-to-mass-migration-say-experts-after-landmark-ruling|access-date=2021-05-25|website=the Guardian|language=en}}</ref> Ya kuma yi kira ga ƙasashe da su daƙike ayyukan samar da kwal.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Climate crisis: States must stay the course on coal cuts - UN expert - World|url=https://reliefweb.int/report/world/climate-crisis-states-must-stay-course-coal-cuts-un-expert|access-date=2021-05-25|website=ReliefWeb|language=en}}</ref> Shi mai goyon bayan yaƙin. #1Planet1Right ne.<ref>{{Cite web|author=BirdLife International|title=Interview with UN rapporteur Dr David Boyd: the power of human rights|url=https://www.birdlife.org/worldwide/news/interview-un-rapporteur-dr-david-boyd-power-human-rights|access-date=2021-05-25|website=BirdLife|language=en-us}}</ref> Ya amince da yin Allah wadai da kisan Nacilio Macario.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-02-01|title=Nicaragua : Amidst ‘socio-political and human rights crisis’, independent expert condemns environmental defender’s death|url=https://news.un.org/en/story/2021/02/1083502|access-date=2021-05-25|website=UN News|language=en|archive-date=2023-04-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230417153209/https://news.un.org/en/story/2021/02/1083502|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ya gabatar da rahoto game da ƙarancin ruwa ga hukumar kare hakkin bil adama ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=UN expert: Water crisis is worsening, urgent response needed - World|url=https://reliefweb.int/report/world/un-expert-water-crisis-worsening-urgent-response-needed|access-date=2021-05-25|website=ReliefWeb|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Human rights and the global water crisis: water pollution, water scarcity and water-related disasters – Report of the Special Rapporteur (A/HRC/46/28) [EN/AR/RU/ZH] - World|url=https://reliefweb.int/report/world/human-rights-and-global-water-crisis-water-pollution-water-scarcity-and-water-related|access-date=2021-05-25|website=ReliefWeb|language=en}}</ref> == Ilimi. == [[Fayil:BOYD, DAVID R. PROFESSOR LCCN2016858296.jpg|thumb|David R. Boyd]] Ya kammala karatu daga Jami'ar Alberta, da Jami'ar [[Toronto]]. Ya kasance babban darektan Ecojustice Canada.<ref name=":0" /> Yana koyarwa a Jami'ar British Columbia.<ref>{{Cite web|title=David Boyd {{!}} Institute for Resources, Environment and Sustainability|url=http://ires.ubc.ca/person/david-boyd/|access-date=2021-05-25|website=ires.ubc.ca|archive-date=2022-11-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221123212538/https://ires.ubc.ca/person/david-boyd/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ayyuka. == * [https://theconversation.com/why-all-human-rights-depend-on-a-healthy-environment-148689 Why all human rights depend on a healthy environment], The Conversation, October 27, 2020. * ''The Rights of Nature'' (ECW Press, 2017), ISBN 9781770412392 * ''The Optimistic Environmentalist'' (ECW Press, 2015),   * ''Cleaner, Greener, Healthier: A Prescription for Stronger Canadian Environmental Laws and Policies'' (UBC Press, 2015). * [[Fayil:Stockholm+50 Conference in Stockholm 2022 12.jpg|thumb|David R. Boyd]]''The Environmental Rights Revolution: A Global Study of Constitutions, Human Rights, and the Environment'' (UBC Press, 2012). == Magana. == {{reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] dmsxgfasnhw2naadejfwg6ihd1b7x9l 0 33636 826430 729416 2026-04-26T06:33:18Z Nura Bello 24854 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345911321|Millennium Tower (Abuja)]]" 826430 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox building|name=Millennium Tower|image=Newlea.jpg|location=[[Abuja]], [[FCT, Nigeria|FCT]], Nigeria}}irin Millennium Tower da Cibiyar Al'adu yana daya daga cikin ayyukan da yawa a Babban Gundumar [[Najeriya]] ta [[Abuja]] . A mita 170 (560 , shine mafi tsayi na wucin gadi a [[Abuja]]. Manfredi Nicoletti ne ya tsara hasumiyar kuma tana daga cikin Cibiyar Al'adu ta Najeriya wacce ta hada da Cibiyar Al-adu ta Najeriya, mai hawa takwas, ƙananan hawa, Cibiyar Al" da aka tsara da dala. Ginin hasumiyar ya fara ne a shekara ta 2006 kuma an kammala shi a shekara ta 2014 yayin da cibiyar al'adu ke ci gaba da ginaw [[Fayil:Abuja_Millennium_Tower_2017.jpg|left|thumb|213x213px|The Millennium Tower, still under construction in January 2017]] yana aiki da babbar hanya, don haka za a haɗa gine-ginen biyu ta hanyar tashar karkashin kasa. Hasumiyar ta kunshi gine-ginen ginshiƙan ginshiƙai guda uku da suka bambanta a tsawo kuma sun haɗa tare kusa da saman farko na hasumiyar ta amfani da ɓangaren siffar faifai wanda aka yi niyyar gida a cikin bene biyu da wurin kallo da gidan cin abinci na kallo. A kusa da ginshiƙan hasumiyar, fuka-fuki uku na ƙarfe mara haske suna kewaye da tushe na hasumiyar kuma a hankali suna buɗewa waje a cikin salon fan yayin da suke faɗaɗa zuwa tsawo na hasumiya. [2] == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090309125257/http://www.manfredinicoletti.com/#/projects/2/ Manfredi Nicoletti Abuja National Complex project] * {{Cite web |title=Emporis building ID 278966 |url=https://www.emporis.com/buildings/278966 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307024611/https://www.emporis.com/buildings/278966 |archive-date=March 7, 2016 |website=[[Emporis]]}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110723154313/http://www.immaginionline.net/photo/foto.aspx?ft=716&idalb=93 Hoton gini] a kan Immaginionline.net {{Abuja}} 0ngh6r0jbv26m1j2pggs8wsmd1szzvm 0 43929 826417 512071 2026-04-26T05:50:36Z Nura Bello 24854 826417 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Jeffrey Sarpong.jpg|thumb|Jeffrey Sarpong]] '''Jeffrey Nana Darko Sarpong''' / sar - PONG - G sar-PONG-G an haife shi 3 ga Agustan shekarar 1988), ƙwararren [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ɗan wasan ƙwallon]] ƙafa ne na ƙasar Ghana wanda ke taka leda a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya na [[FK Panevėžys]] . == Aiki == === Ajax === Sarpong ya koma Ajax lokacin yana ɗan shekara bakwai (7) kawai, kuma ya sanya hannu a kwantiraginsa na farko a shekarar 2005. A lokacin [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]] suna sha'awar shigar ɗan wasan, amma ya yanke shawarar zama tare da Ajax .<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.carling.com/football/transfers/31.html |title=Kids aren't alright for Chelsea |access-date=24 July 2006 |archive-date=17 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717135815/http://www.carling.com/football/transfers/31.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Chelsea fail with Ajax raid|url=http://www1.skysports.com/football/news/11668/2352415/|publisher=Sky Sports|date=27 October 2005|accessdate=30 May 2013}}</ref> Ya kuma buga wasan sa na farko na Eredivisie a ranar 5 ga watan Fabrairun shekarar 2006 a wasan da suka yi waje da Feyenoord da ci 3–2. Sarpong ya buga wasanni takwas a kakar wasa ta bana. Bugu da ƙari shi da tawagarsa sun lashe Kofin KNVB, amma a kakar shekarar 2006–2007 bai buga wasa ko daya ba. A cikin Yulin shekarar 2007, Sarpong ya tsawaita kwantiraginsa, wanda ya sa shi har zuwa shekarar 2011.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ajax hand Colin trial|url=http://www1.skysports.com/football/news/11709/2493698/|publisher=Sky Sports|date=2 July 2007|accessdate=30 May 2013}}</ref> Duk da haka, waɗannan kakar ya zama na farko-team na yau da kullum ƙarƙashin sabon kocin Marco van Basten netting na farko burin a 2-2 tafi Draw da wanin Feyenoord . Bayan mako guda, a ranar 2 ga Oktoban shekarar 2008, ya sake zira ƙwallaye, a zagaye na farko na gasar cin kofin UEFA; kafa ta biyu, da Borac Čačak . Lokacin shekarar 2009/2010 ya kasance da wahala Sarpong ya dawo da ƙwarewar ƙungiyarsa ta farko ta hanyar sanya shi cikin jerin lamuni. Bayan da ya buga wasansa na farko a gasar Ajax a kakar wasa ta bana, Sarpong ya ce yana matuƙar sha'awar komawa ƙungiyar ta farko.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ajax Youngster Jeffrey Sarpong Eager To Break into First Team Again|url=http://www.goal.com/en/news/462/netherlands/2009/11/10/1616576/ajax-youngster-jeffrey-sarpong-eager-to-break-into-first|publisher=Goal|date=10 November 2009|accessdate=30 May 2013}}</ref> [[Fayil:Walk into nature.jpg|thumb]] A ranar 31 ga Disambar shekarar 2009, Ajax ta ba da aron matashin dan ƙasar Holland mai shekaru 21 a duniya zuwa NEC har zuwa ƙarshen kakar shekarar 2009-2010. <ref>[http://www.ajaxshowtime.com/index.php?msg=33182&page=1 Sarpong op huurbasis naar NEC]</ref> Ya kuma buga wasansa na farko a kulob ɗin a wasan da suka doke Vitesse Arnhem da ci 2–1. A wasan daf da na kusa da na ƙarshe na KNVB Beker, a kan tsohuwar ƙungiyarsa, Sarpong ya taimaka wa kulob ɗin ya ci ƙwallo ta biyu a wasa, amma an kore shi bayan da aka yi masa kati na biyu, yayin da NEC ta sha kashi da ci 3-2. Bayan watanni biyu, a ranar 19 ga watan Maris ɗin shekarar 2010, an kuma sake kore shi a cikin mintuna na ƙarshe, yayin da NEC ta yi rashin nasara da ci 4-1 a kan Heerenveen . Bayan fara wasa mai ban sha'awa a NEC, Sarpong ya nuna cewa wataƙila ya sami gurbi a gasar cin kofin duniya. A ƙarshen kakar wasa ta shekarar 2009/2010, ƙungiyar ta sanar da cewa ba za ta sanya hannu kan Sarpong na dindindin ba. <ref>{{cite news|title=Jeffrey Sarpong back to Ajax|trans-title=Jeffrey Sarpong terug naar Ajax|url=http://www.gelderlander.nl/sport/nec/jeffrey-sarpong-terug-naar-ajax-1.3000121|publisher=De GelderLander|language=Dutch|date=13 May 2010|accessdate=30 May 2013}}</ref> Ya buga wasanni goma sha shida a dukkanin gasar. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://www.vi.nl/spelers/carriere/jeffrey-sarpong.htm Bayanan martaba na Voetbal International] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160205154733/http://www.vi.nl/spelers/carriere/jeffrey-sarpong.htm |date=2016-02-05 }} {{In lang|nl}} * [http://www.realsociedad.com/Home/Section/spa/271/equipos Bayanan martaba na Real Sociedad] {{In lang|es}} * Jeffrey Sarpong [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1988]] 2fq68xqgqpmhu7mj42q2pwu58bgx3at 0 45264 826489 781463 2026-04-26T07:31:17Z Pharouqenr 25549 826489 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Nassor Saadun Hamoud''' (an haife shi ranar 23 ga watan Maris, shekarar 2001), ya kasance wanda aka fi sani da '''Nassor Hamoud''', ya kasance ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na kasar [[Tanzaniya]] wanda ke taka leda a ƙungiyar kwallon kafa ta Šumadija Aranđelovac ta Serbian League West. == Aikin kulob == A kasarsa [[Tanzaniya|Tanzania]] Hamoud ya buga wasa a kulob ɗin Kagera Sugar ta [[Gasar Firimiya ta ƙasar Tanzania|gasar Premier ta Tanzaniya]].<ref>"Kagera Sugar Roster" . Kagera Sugar FC. Retrieved 15 July 2021.</ref> Daga shekarun 2018 zuwa 2020 ya buga wa Tersana SC na rukunin biyu na [[Misra|Masar]] wasa. A cikin watan Fabrairu 2020 ya yi tsalle zuwa Turai kuma ya rattaba hannu a kulob ɗin OFK Žarkovo na Gasar Farko ta Serbia na kakar 2019-20 kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu. Gabaɗaya, ya buga wasanni biyu a ƙungiyar tare da halarta na farko a ranar 30 ga watan Mayu 2020 da FK Zlatibor Čajetina. <ref>"NINJA, NASSORO MOHAMMED WAPATA DILI LA KUKIPIGA ULAYA, WAKWEA PIPA LEO" (in Swahili). Saleh Jembe. Retrieved 15 July 2021.</ref> Daga nan sai ya koma FK Šumadija Aranđelovac kafin a ba da shi rance ga kungiyar kwallon kafa ta MFK Vyškov a 2021.<ref>"Prva Liga profile" (in Serbian). Prva Liga. Retrieved 15 July 2021.</ref> == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == Hamoud ya kasance cikin tawagar Tanzaniya a gasar cin kofin Afrika ta matasa ta 'yan kasa da shekaru 20 na 2021, kuma ya buga dukkan wasanni ukun da kungiyar ta buga.<ref>Edward, Muambo. "Black Satellites To Face Ngorongoro Heroes In Group C" . sportsworld2day.com. Retrieved 15 July 2021.</ref> <ref>"Soccerway profile" . Soccerway. Retrieved 15 July 2021.</ref> A cikin watan Maris 2021 an sanya Hamoud a matsayin daya daga cikin 'yan wasan da ke kasashen waje a jerin 'yan wasan Kim Poulsen na wucin gadi na manyan wasannin sada zumunta biyu da Kenya. <ref>"Tanzania traveling team to Kenya revealed" . pepeta.co.ke. Retrieved 15 July 2021.</ref> A watan Mayun wannan shekarar, an sake saka shi cikin tawagar wucin gadi don wasan sada zumunci da Malawi amma bai yi jerin gwano na karshe ba.<ref>Omary, Majuto (28 May 2021). "Kim Poulsen names provisional Taifa Stars squad, drops 17" . The Citizen. Retrieved 15 July 2021.</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haifaffun 2001]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] [[Rukuni:Maza]] 852qwomsxpv6vkn1nq306wgepdl6bug 826491 826489 2026-04-26T07:31:33Z Pharouqenr 25549 826491 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Nassor Saadun Hamoud''' (an haife shi ranar 23 ga watan Maris, shekarar 2001), ya kasance wanda aka fi sani da '''Nassor Hamoud''', ya kasance ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na kasar [[Tanzaniya]] wanda ke taka leda a ƙungiyar kwallon kafa ta Šumadija Aranđelovac ta Serbian League West. == Aikin kulob == A kasarsa [[Tanzaniya|Tanzania]] Hamoud ya buga wasa a kulob ɗin Kagera Sugar ta [[Gasar Firimiya ta ƙasar Tanzania|gasar Premier ta Tanzaniya]].<ref>"Kagera Sugar Roster" . Kagera Sugar FC. Retrieved 15 July 2021.</ref> Daga shekarun 2018 zuwa 2020 ya buga wa Tersana SC na rukunin biyu na [[Misra|Masar]] wasa. A cikin watan Fabrairu 2020 ya yi tsalle zuwa Turai kuma ya rattaba hannu a kulob ɗin OFK Žarkovo na Gasar Farko ta Serbia na kakar 2019-20 kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu. Gabaɗaya, ya buga wasanni biyu a ƙungiyar tare da halarta na farko a ranar 30 ga watan Mayu 2020 da FK Zlatibor Čajetina.<ref>"NINJA, NASSORO MOHAMMED WAPATA DILI LA KUKIPIGA ULAYA, WAKWEA PIPA LEO" (in Swahili). Saleh Jembe. Retrieved 15 July 2021.</ref> Daga nan sai ya koma FK Šumadija Aranđelovac kafin a ba da shi rance ga kungiyar kwallon kafa ta MFK Vyškov a 2021.<ref>"Prva Liga profile" (in Serbian). Prva Liga. Retrieved 15 July 2021.</ref> == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == Hamoud ya kasance cikin tawagar Tanzaniya a gasar cin kofin Afrika ta matasa ta 'yan kasa da shekaru 20 na 2021, kuma ya buga dukkan wasanni ukun da kungiyar ta buga.<ref>Edward, Muambo. "Black Satellites To Face Ngorongoro Heroes In Group C" . sportsworld2day.com. Retrieved 15 July 2021.</ref> <ref>"Soccerway profile" . Soccerway. Retrieved 15 July 2021.</ref> A cikin watan Maris 2021 an sanya Hamoud a matsayin daya daga cikin 'yan wasan da ke kasashen waje a jerin 'yan wasan Kim Poulsen na wucin gadi na manyan wasannin sada zumunta biyu da Kenya. <ref>"Tanzania traveling team to Kenya revealed" . pepeta.co.ke. Retrieved 15 July 2021.</ref> A watan Mayun wannan shekarar, an sake saka shi cikin tawagar wucin gadi don wasan sada zumunci da Malawi amma bai yi jerin gwano na karshe ba.<ref>Omary, Majuto (28 May 2021). "Kim Poulsen names provisional Taifa Stars squad, drops 17" . The Citizen. Retrieved 15 July 2021.</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haifaffun 2001]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] [[Rukuni:Maza]] 2tkgsgca5l23ngft3p3vebdvsfmmxvs 826493 826491 2026-04-26T07:31:49Z Pharouqenr 25549 826493 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Nassor Saadun Hamoud''' (an haife shi ranar 23 ga watan Maris, shekarar 2001), ya kasance wanda aka fi sani da '''Nassor Hamoud''', ya kasance ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na kasar [[Tanzaniya]] wanda ke taka leda a ƙungiyar kwallon kafa ta Šumadija Aranđelovac ta Serbian League West. == Aikin kulob == A kasarsa [[Tanzaniya|Tanzania]] Hamoud ya buga wasa a kulob ɗin Kagera Sugar ta [[Gasar Firimiya ta ƙasar Tanzania|gasar Premier ta Tanzaniya]].<ref>"Kagera Sugar Roster" . Kagera Sugar FC. Retrieved 15 July 2021.</ref> Daga shekarun 2018 zuwa 2020 ya buga wa Tersana SC na rukunin biyu na [[Misra|Masar]] wasa. A cikin watan Fabrairu 2020 ya yi tsalle zuwa Turai kuma ya rattaba hannu a kulob ɗin OFK Žarkovo na Gasar Farko ta Serbia na kakar 2019-20 kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu. Gabaɗaya, ya buga wasanni biyu a ƙungiyar tare da halarta na farko a ranar 30 ga watan Mayu 2020 da FK Zlatibor Čajetina.<ref>"NINJA, NASSORO MOHAMMED WAPATA DILI LA KUKIPIGA ULAYA, WAKWEA PIPA LEO" (in Swahili). Saleh Jembe. Retrieved 15 July 2021.</ref> Daga nan sai ya koma FK Šumadija Aranđelovac kafin a ba da shi rance ga kungiyar kwallon kafa ta MFK Vyškov a 2021.<ref>"Prva Liga profile" (in Serbian). Prva Liga. Retrieved 15 July 2021.</ref> == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == Hamoud ya kasance cikin tawagar Tanzaniya a gasar cin kofin Afrika ta matasa ta 'yan kasa da shekaru 20 na 2021, kuma ya buga dukkan wasanni ukun da kungiyar ta buga.<ref>Edward, Muambo. "Black Satellites To Face Ngorongoro Heroes In Group C" . sportsworld2day.com. Retrieved 15 July 2021.</ref><ref>"Soccerway profile" . Soccerway. Retrieved 15 July 2021.</ref> A cikin watan Maris 2021 an sanya Hamoud a matsayin daya daga cikin 'yan wasan da ke kasashen waje a jerin 'yan wasan Kim Poulsen na wucin gadi na manyan wasannin sada zumunta biyu da Kenya. <ref>"Tanzania traveling team to Kenya revealed" . pepeta.co.ke. Retrieved 15 July 2021.</ref> A watan Mayun wannan shekarar, an sake saka shi cikin tawagar wucin gadi don wasan sada zumunci da Malawi amma bai yi jerin gwano na karshe ba.<ref>Omary, Majuto (28 May 2021). "Kim Poulsen names provisional Taifa Stars squad, drops 17" . The Citizen. Retrieved 15 July 2021.</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haifaffun 2001]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] [[Rukuni:Maza]] 2a7tpowu53afc6vy5jdtaahhmj1gzdl 826494 826493 2026-04-26T07:32:01Z Pharouqenr 25549 826494 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Nassor Saadun Hamoud''' (an haife shi ranar 23 ga watan Maris, shekarar 2001), ya kasance wanda aka fi sani da '''Nassor Hamoud''', ya kasance ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na kasar [[Tanzaniya]] wanda ke taka leda a ƙungiyar kwallon kafa ta Šumadija Aranđelovac ta Serbian League West. == Aikin kulob == A kasarsa [[Tanzaniya|Tanzania]] Hamoud ya buga wasa a kulob ɗin Kagera Sugar ta [[Gasar Firimiya ta ƙasar Tanzania|gasar Premier ta Tanzaniya]].<ref>"Kagera Sugar Roster" . Kagera Sugar FC. Retrieved 15 July 2021.</ref> Daga shekarun 2018 zuwa 2020 ya buga wa Tersana SC na rukunin biyu na [[Misra|Masar]] wasa. A cikin watan Fabrairu 2020 ya yi tsalle zuwa Turai kuma ya rattaba hannu a kulob ɗin OFK Žarkovo na Gasar Farko ta Serbia na kakar 2019-20 kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu. Gabaɗaya, ya buga wasanni biyu a ƙungiyar tare da halarta na farko a ranar 30 ga watan Mayu 2020 da FK Zlatibor Čajetina.<ref>"NINJA, NASSORO MOHAMMED WAPATA DILI LA KUKIPIGA ULAYA, WAKWEA PIPA LEO" (in Swahili). Saleh Jembe. Retrieved 15 July 2021.</ref> Daga nan sai ya koma FK Šumadija Aranđelovac kafin a ba da shi rance ga kungiyar kwallon kafa ta MFK Vyškov a 2021.<ref>"Prva Liga profile" (in Serbian). Prva Liga. Retrieved 15 July 2021.</ref> == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == Hamoud ya kasance cikin tawagar Tanzaniya a gasar cin kofin Afrika ta matasa ta 'yan kasa da shekaru 20 na 2021, kuma ya buga dukkan wasanni ukun da kungiyar ta buga.<ref>Edward, Muambo. "Black Satellites To Face Ngorongoro Heroes In Group C" . sportsworld2day.com. Retrieved 15 July 2021.</ref><ref>"Soccerway profile" . Soccerway. Retrieved 15 July 2021.</ref> A cikin watan Maris 2021 an sanya Hamoud a matsayin daya daga cikin 'yan wasan da ke kasashen waje a jerin 'yan wasan Kim Poulsen na wucin gadi na manyan wasannin sada zumunta biyu da Kenya.<ref>"Tanzania traveling team to Kenya revealed" . pepeta.co.ke. Retrieved 15 July 2021.</ref> A watan Mayun wannan shekarar, an sake saka shi cikin tawagar wucin gadi don wasan sada zumunci da Malawi amma bai yi jerin gwano na karshe ba.<ref>Omary, Majuto (28 May 2021). "Kim Poulsen names provisional Taifa Stars squad, drops 17" . The Citizen. Retrieved 15 July 2021.</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haifaffun 2001]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] [[Rukuni:Maza]] i4793cg9nrj4c6cclny9ge9t8kbrl1x 826495 826494 2026-04-26T07:32:21Z Pharouqenr 25549 826495 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Nassor Saadun Hamoud''' (an haife shi ranar 23 ga watan Maris, shekarar 2001), ya kasance wanda aka fi sani da '''Nassor Hamoud''', ya kasance ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na kasar [[Tanzaniya]] wanda ke taka leda a ƙungiyar kwallon kafa ta Šumadija Aranđelovac ta Serbian League West. == Aikin kulob == A kasarsa [[Tanzaniya|Tanzania]] Hamoud ya buga wasa a kulob ɗin Kagera Sugar ta [[Gasar Firimiya ta ƙasar Tanzania|gasar Premier ta Tanzaniya]].<ref>"Kagera Sugar Roster" . Kagera Sugar FC. Retrieved 15 July 2021.</ref> Daga shekarun 2018 zuwa 2020 ya buga wa Tersana SC na rukunin biyu na [[Misra|Masar]] wasa. A cikin watan Fabrairu 2020 ya yi tsalle zuwa Turai kuma ya rattaba hannu a kulob ɗin OFK Žarkovo na Gasar Farko ta Serbia na kakar 2019-20 kan kwantiragin shekaru biyu. Gabaɗaya, ya buga wasanni biyu a ƙungiyar tare da halarta na farko a ranar 30 ga watan Mayu 2020 da FK Zlatibor Čajetina.<ref>"NINJA, NASSORO MOHAMMED WAPATA DILI LA KUKIPIGA ULAYA, WAKWEA PIPA LEO" (in Swahili). Saleh Jembe. Retrieved 15 July 2021.</ref> Daga nan sai ya koma FK Šumadija Aranđelovac kafin a ba da shi rance ga kungiyar kwallon kafa ta MFK Vyškov a 2021.<ref>"Prva Liga profile" (in Serbian). Prva Liga. Retrieved 15 July 2021.</ref> == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == Hamoud ya kasance cikin tawagar Tanzaniya a gasar cin kofin Afrika ta matasa ta 'yan kasa da shekaru 20 na 2021, kuma ya buga dukkan wasanni ukun da kungiyar ta buga.<ref>Edward, Muambo. "Black Satellites To Face Ngorongoro Heroes In Group C" . sportsworld2day.com. Retrieved 15 July 2021.</ref><ref>"Soccerway profile" . Soccerway. Retrieved 15 July 2021.</ref> A cikin watan Maris 2021 an sanya Hamoud a matsayin daya daga cikin 'yan wasan da ke kasashen waje a jerin 'yan wasan Kim Poulsen na wucin gadi na manyan wasannin sada zumunta biyu da Kenya.<ref>"Tanzania traveling team to Kenya revealed" . pepeta.co.ke. Retrieved 15 July 2021.</ref> A watan Mayun wannan shekarar, an sake saka shi cikin tawagar wucin gadi don wasan sada zumunci da Malawi amma bai yi jerin gwano na karshe ba.<ref>Omary, Majuto (28 May 2021). "Kim Poulsen names provisional Taifa Stars squad, drops 17" . The Citizen. Retrieved 15 July 2021.</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}}{{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haifaffun 2001]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] [[Rukuni:Maza]] cyh0x2l4gvujuj0j1at1gbgnyfsatid 0 48449 826276 254465 2026-04-25T17:06:30Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826276 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Dam ɗin Zaaihoek,''' wani dam ne mai nau'in nauyi wanda ke kan kogin Slang a lardin Kwazulu-Natal na [[Afirka ta Kudu]] . Dam ɗin, wanda ke da ƙarfin 185,000,000 m3, an gina shi a shekarar 1988. Dam ɗin yana samar da ruwa ne don amfanin masana'antu da na birni. An sanya yuwuwar haɗarinsa a matsayi babba (3). Yana da 39.45&nbsp;km (24.5&nbsp;mi) dogon. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://za.geoview.info/zaaihoek_dam,82451432w|title=Zaaihoek Dam, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa|website=za.geoview.info|access-date=2020-01-22}}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> An ɗan san shi da kamun kifi. == Duba kuma == * Jerin tafki da madatsun ruwa a Afirka ta Kudu == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} === Manazarta ta bai ɗaya === * [http://www.dwaf.gov.za/iwqs/gis_apps/dam/dams/index.htm Jerin Madatsun Ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu] daga Sashen Kula da Ruwa da Dazuka (Afrika ta Kudu) 0yrmdk8x1nx8fa9utcksv52dpc3g8so 0 51139 826259 621966 2026-04-25T14:24:34Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826259 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Cornelius Adam Igbudu''' (1914-1981) mutum ne mai addini dan Najeriya wanda aka sani da kafa kungiyar Anglican Adam Preaching Society (A.A.P.S), kungiyar masu bishara a Cocin Anglican ta Najeriya.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.newsngr.com/2023/03/cornelius-adam-igbudu-isokos-greatest-evangelist/|title=Cornelius Adam Igbudu: Isoko's Greatest Evangelist|publisher=NewsNGR|access-date=2023-06-07|archive-date=2023-03-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322230837/https://www.newsngr.com/2023/03/cornelius-adam-igbudu-isokos-greatest-evangelist/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.opinionnigeria.com/cornelius-adam-igbudu-isokos-greatest-evangelist/|title=Cornelius Adam Igbudu: Isoko's Greatest Evangelist|last=Ogedegbe|first=Isaiah|publisher=Opinion Nigeria}}</ref> An ba shi ikon warkarwa.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dacb.org/stories/nigeria/igbudu-cornelius/|title=Igbudu, Cornelius Adam|publisher=DACB.org}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://aaps.org.ng/history-of-the-founder|title=History of the Founder|publisher=AAPS.org.ng|access-date=2023-06-07|archive-date=2023-05-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230511160736/https://aaps.org.ng/history-of-the-founder/|url-status=dead}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 1992, Farfesa Michael Y. Nabofa ya rubuta littafi game da rayuwarsa mai suna: "Adamu: The Evangelist".<ref>{{cite book|title=Adam: The Evangelist|last=Nabofa|first=Michael Y.|date=1992|url=https://books.google.nl/books?id=YaMnAQAAIAAJ|publisher=Daystar Press|isbn=978-978-122-224-5}}</ref> A cikin Mayu 1998, Farfesa Sam U. Erivwo ya rubuta cewa Cornelius Adam Igbudu ya kasance "da girma sosai" ta Bishop Agori Iwe, zamaninsa.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.waado.org/biographies/AgoriIwe/Foreword.html|title=FOREWORD|last=Erivwo|first=Samuel U.|publisher=Urhobo Historical Society}}</ref> ==Legacy== A yau, asalin majami'u masu zaman kansu da yawa a Najeriya, irin su God's Grace Ministry karkashin jagorancin D. D. Mimeyeraye (wanda yanzu ake kira D. D. MiyeriJesu) da New Glory Revival Ministry karkashin jagorancin S. U. Ayanyen, an samo asali ne daga ma'aikatar bishara ta Cornelius Adam Igbudu a cikin Cocin Anglican na Najeriya.<ref>{{cite book|title=Study of Religion in Southern Africa: Essays in Honour of G.C. Oosthuizen|last1=Smit|first1=Johannes|last2=Kumar|first2=Pratap|date=2018|url=https://books.google.nl/books?id=CJFyDwAAQBAJ|publisher=BRILL|isbn=978-904-740-749-2|page=108}}</ref> Bisa la'akari da irin nasarorin da ya samu na wa'azin bishara a Cocin Anglican ta Najeriya, Cornelius Adam Igbudu ya samu matsayi na waliyyai kuma aka sanya wa coci sunansa (St. Adam's Anglican Church da ke Oghio a yankin Olomu a jihar Delta). An saka masa sunan makarantar sakandare a Araya (Adam Igbudu Memorial Secondary School),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://bigpenngr.com/2017/10/31/foundation-brings-succour-to-students-in-isokoland-donates-50000-notebooks/|title=Foundation Brings Succour To Students In Isokoland, Donates 50,000 Notebooks|publisher=BigPen Nigeria}}</ref> ciki har da makarantar Littafi Mai Tsarki da ke Emevor (Adam Igbudu Christian Institute).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dioceseofwarri.com/adam-igbudu-christian-institute-graduates-26-masters-degree-students/|title=Adam Igbudu Christian Institute Graduates 26 Masters Degree Students!|last=Agamugoro|first=Peters|publisher=Anglican Diocese of Warri|access-date=2023-06-07|archive-date=2023-05-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230525051153/https://dioceseofwarri.com/adam-igbudu-christian-institute-graduates-26-masters-degree-students/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Kungiyar Anglican Adam Preaching Society (A.A.P.S) ba ta kare tare da Cornelius Adam Igbudu ba a 1981. Hasali ma, ta yi girma tsawon kuma, a cewar Farfesa Sam U. Erivwo, ta wannan rukunin Urhobo, Isoko da Itsekiri sun sami farfadowa.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Urhobo, the Isoko and the Itsekiri: A History of Christianity in Nigeria|last=Erivwo|first=Samuel U.|date=1979|url=https://books.google.nl/books?id=mio9AAAAIAAJ|publisher=Daystar Press|isbn=978-978-122-139-2|page=139}}</ref> A cewar Farfesa Amos Utuama, al' ummar Isoko ta dade tana wa' azin bishara, inda ya ce tun a shekarar 1950, sun sami babban Limamin bisara a irin na marigayi Cornelius Adam Igbudu.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/200901220119.html|title=Nigeria: We'll Uphold Sanctity of Christianity -Utuama|publisher=AllAfrica}}</ref> Ya ziyarci majami'u yana cin nasara ga tuba da karfafa masu bi.<ref>{{cite book|title=Selected Themes in The Study of Religions in Nigeria|last1=Onibere|first1=S. G. A.|last2=Adogbo|first2=Michael P.|date=2010|url=https://books.google.com.ng/books?id=1UiaWwlEKrUC|publisher=African Books Collective|isbn=978-978-842-224-2|page=72}}</ref> Ya samu rashin jituwa da wani fitaccen malamin Isoko na Najeriya, Archbishop Christian Aggrey Apena, wanda ya zarge shi da "dagula masa hidima" a Cocin Anglican ta Najeriya.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2013/12/fought-idahosa-anglicans-archbishop-christian-aggrey-apena/|title=Why I fought Idahosa, Anglicans - Archbishop Christian Aggrey Apena|last1=Eyoboka|first1=Sam|last2=Abugoh|first2=Gladys|publisher=Vanguard News}}</ref> Ya bar gadon da ba za a iya doke su ba a tseren Kirista a Isoko.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/news/151415/we-dont-have-influential-pastors-and-musicians-in-isoko-pas.html|title=We don't have influential Pastors and Musicians in Isoko-Pastor Odidi|last=Odidi|first=Godday|publisher=The Nigerian Voice}}</ref> ==Duba kuma== * [[Daniel Dikeji Miyerijesu]] ==Manazarta== {{reflist}} [[Category:Mutanen Afirka]] [[Category:Mutanen Najeriya]] [[Category:Mutanen Isoko]] [[Category:Mawakan Nijeriya]] [[Category:Kiristoci]] [[Category:Fastoci]] [[Category:Malamai]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1914]] [[Category:Matattun 1981]] 4dp0pw3dja0tsm17rna5cpj1fhc0ryl 0 53690 826607 547079 2026-04-26T09:26:01Z Pharouqenr 25549 826607 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:BMW U11 X1 M35i IMG 0023 (cropped).jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:BMW U11 X1 M35i IMG 0023 (cropped).jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:BMW X1 Lalaport Kadoma.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:BMW iX1 1X7A6827.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:BMW X1 LWB (F48) China.jpg|thumb|baban kanfanin kera mota]] '''BMW X1 F48''', wanda aka samar daga shekarar alif 2015 zuwa 2019, ya sake yin tunanin ƙaramin ɓangaren SUV na alatu, yana haɗa ayyuka iri-iri tare da sa hannun BMW wasa da ƙayatarwa. A matsayin babban ɗan wasa a cikin dangin BMW's X na SUVs, F48 X1 ya yi kira ga masu sha'awar birni da iyalai waɗanda ke neman ƙimar SUV mai ƙima. F48 X1 yana alfahari da ƙirar waje mai ƙarfi da zamani, tare da madaidaicin wurin zama, ƙwanƙolin koda, da kuma fitattun ƙwanƙolin jikin da ke ƙara zuwa wasan motsa jiki. Kunshin M Sport ɗin da ke akwai ya ƙara jaddada halayen wasan motar. [[Fayil:BMW X1 (E84) China (4).jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:BMW iX & BMW i3 CRI 10 2022 9406.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:BMW X1 LWB (F48) China (36).jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:2022 BMW iX xDrive 40 CRI 12 2021 2743.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:BMW M135i xDrive (F40) Seitenansicht.jpg|thumb]] A ciki, F48 X1 ya ba da ɗaki mai dadi kuma mai kyau, tare da kayan ƙima da abubuwan ƙira na zamani. Tsarin infotainment BMW iDrive tare da nunin taɓawa da aikin umarnin murya ya tabbatar da haɗin kai da nishaɗi mara kyau yayin tuƙi. [[Fayil:BMW X1 LWB (F48) China (36).jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:BMW X1 (U11) China (2).jpg|thumb]] F48 X1 ya ba da kewayon ingantattun zaɓuɓɓukan injuna masu ƙarfi, yana ba da zaɓin tuƙi iri-iri. Daga ingantacciyar ingin silinda uku a cikin sDrive18i zuwa ƙaƙƙarfan raka'o'in silinda huɗu a cikin xDrive28i da xDrive25d, kowane ƙarfin wutar lantarki ya ba da aiki mai ɗaukar hankali da amsawa. Tsaro a cikin F48 X1 ya kasance mafi mahimmanci, tare da ingantaccen tsarin taimakon direba da fasalulluka na aminci da ake samu don kare mazauna da masu tafiya a ƙasa. Nuni-Up da ke akwai da Mataimakin Traffic Jam sun ba da gudummawa ga rashin damuwa da ƙwarewar tuƙi. F48 X1's kulawar amsawa da kuma tsarin xDrive duk-dabaran-drive ya tabbatar da kwarin gwiwa akan kowane nau'in saman titina, yana mai da shi madaidaicin kuma abokin haɗin gwiwa don abubuwan kasada na yau da kullun. {{Hujja}} j7phef9f3ixrivz8qusb6ddbip5qp1t 826608 826607 2026-04-26T09:26:23Z Pharouqenr 25549 826608 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:BMW U11 X1 M35i IMG 0023 (cropped).jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:BMW U11 X1 M35i IMG 0023 (cropped).jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:BMW X1 Lalaport Kadoma.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:BMW iX1 1X7A6827.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:BMW X1 LWB (F48) China.jpg|thumb|baban kanfanin kera mota]] '''BMW X1 F48''', wanda aka samar daga shekarar alif 2015 zuwa 2019, ya sake yin tunanin ƙaramin ɓangaren SUV na alatu, yana haɗa ayyuka iri-iri tare da sa hannun BMW wasa da ƙayatarwa. A matsayin babban ɗan wasa a cikin dangin BMW's X na SUVs, F48 X1 ya yi kira ga masu sha'awar birni da iyalai waɗanda ke neman ƙimar SUV mai ƙima. F48 X1 yana alfahari da ƙirar waje mai ƙarfi da zamani, tare da madaidaicin wurin zama, ƙwanƙolin koda, da kuma fitattun ƙwanƙolin jikin da ke ƙara zuwa wasan motsa jiki. Kunshin M Sport ɗin da ke akwai ya ƙara jaddada halayen wasan motar. [[Fayil:BMW X1 (E84) China (4).jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:BMW iX & BMW i3 CRI 10 2022 9406.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:BMW X1 LWB (F48) China (36).jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:2022 BMW iX xDrive 40 CRI 12 2021 2743.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:BMW M135i xDrive (F40) Seitenansicht.jpg|thumb]] A ciki, F48 X1 ya ba da ɗaki mai dadi kuma mai kyau, tare da kayan ƙima da abubuwan ƙira na zamani. Tsarin infotainment BMW iDrive tare da nunin taɓawa da aikin umarnin murya ya tabbatar da haɗin kai da nishaɗi mara kyau yayin tuƙi. [[Fayil:BMW X1 LWB (F48) China (36).jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:BMW X1 (U11) China (2).jpg|thumb]] F48 X1 ya ba da kewayon ingantattun zaɓuɓɓukan injuna masu ƙarfi, yana ba da zaɓin tuƙi iri-iri. Daga ingantacciyar ingin silinda uku a cikin sDrive18i zuwa ƙaƙƙarfan raka'o'in silinda huɗu a cikin xDrive28i da xDrive25d, kowane ƙarfin wutar lantarki ya ba da aiki mai ɗaukar hankali da amsawa. Tsaro a cikin F48 X1 ya kasance mafi mahimmanci, tare da ingantaccen tsarin taimakon direba da fasalulluka na aminci da ake samu don kare mazauna da masu tafiya a ƙasa. Nuni-Up da ke akwai da Mataimakin Traffic Jam sun ba da gudummawa ga rashin damuwa da ƙwarewar tuƙi. F48 X1's kulawar amsawa da kuma tsarin xDrive duk-dabaran-drive ya tabbatar da kwarin gwiwa akan kowane nau'in saman titina, yana mai da shi madaidaicin kuma abokin haɗin gwiwa don abubuwan kasada na yau da kullun. {{Hujja}} l2lkcmoyqtivg4vem7sscmcddeoa6ek 0 54752 826472 434018 2026-04-26T07:24:38Z Pharouqenr 25549 826472 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Robert Rihmeek Williams''' (an haifeshi ranar 6 ga watan Mayu, 1987) wanda aka sami da sunan '''Meek Mill''', dan waqa ne kuma dan Amurka. An haife shi kuma ya girma a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Ya fara aikinsa na waqa a matsayin mawaqin rap na yaqi, kuma daga baya ya kafa qungiyar rap na dan gajeren lokaci. {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{Hujja}} [[Category:Haifaffun 1987]] brb9hc2myzysedpdgtaszr30ljfoxjt 0 56069 826504 431572 2026-04-26T07:35:38Z Pharouqenr 25549 826504 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ejule''' birni ne, acikin jihar Kogi [[Najeriya]]. {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{Hujja}} kc692lycnv6x7gzd7e1gbegtfp9p7w8 0 63423 826606 790678 2026-04-26T09:16:52Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826606 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Edith Ogonnaya Nwosu''' [[farfesa]] ce a fannin shari'a [[Ɗan Nijeriya|a Najeriya]] kuma tsohuwar mataimakiyar shugaban [[Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka|jami'ar Najeriya, Enugu Campus]] (UNEC).<ref>{{Cite web |last=ofobuike |date=2018-04-26 |title=News Flash |url=https://www.unn.edu.ng/news-flash/ |access-date=2023-07-26 |website=University Of Nigeria Nsukka |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-07-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230726230210/https://www.unn.edu.ng/news-flash/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Nigeria |first=Guardian |date=2018-05-25 |title=UNN appoints new DVC for Enugu campus |url=https://guardian.ng/news/unn-appoints-new-dvc-for-enugu-campus/ |access-date=2023-07-26 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-07-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230726230209/https://guardian.ng/news/unn-appoints-new-dvc-for-enugu-campus/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Rapheal |date=2023-07-22 |title=UNN appoints Nwachukwu UNEC DVC |url=https://sunnewsonline.com/unn-appoints-nwachukwu-unec-dvc/ |access-date=2023-07-26 |website=The Sun Nigeria |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Directory of Full Professors in the Nigeria University System |url=https://education.gov.ng/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/2021-Directory-of-Full-Professors-in-the-Nigerian-University-System-FINAL.pdf}}</ref> Kafin naɗin ta a matsayin DVC, ita ce Associate Dean of Students Affairs kuma mai magana da cibiyar.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Edith Nwosu Staff Profile |url=https://staffprofile.unn.edu.ng/profile/1887 |access-date=2023-07-26 |website=staffprofile.unn.edu.ng}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Program Grace Uzoma |url=https://www.guofoundationonline.com.ng/ProgrammeGraceUzoma01.pdf }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Family announces endowment fund |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/family-announces-endowment-fund/}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last= |date=2021 |title=Professor of Corporate Law Edith Nwosu to Deliver UNN's 172nd Inaugural Lecture - DNL Legal and Style |url=https://dnllegalandstyle.com/2021/professor-of-corporate-law-edith-nwosu-to-deliver-unns-172nd-inaugural-lecture/ |access-date=2023-07-26 |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-07-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230726231717/https://dnllegalandstyle.com/2021/professor-of-corporate-law-edith-nwosu-to-deliver-unns-172nd-inaugural-lecture/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == Edith Ogonnaya Nwosu ita ce yarinya ta uku a gidan masu auren mata fiye da ɗaya (polygamous) sannan kuma ta biyu ga Cif Maurice da Lolo Roseline Nnorom lokacin da aka haife ta a ranar 22 ga watan Maris, (1962).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Citation on Professor Edith Ogonnaya Nwosu – Faculty of Law, University of Nigeria, Enugu |url=https://uneclaw.ng/news-and-events/citation-on-professor-edith-ogonnaya-nwosu |access-date=2023-07-26 |website=uneclaw.ng |archive-date=2023-07-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230726230208/https://uneclaw.ng/news-and-events/citation-on-professor-edith-ogonnaya-nwosu |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=":2" /> Daga makarantar firamare ta St. Johns da ke [[Abakaliki]], ta samu takardar shaidar gama makaranta. A Makarantar Sakandare ta Abakaliki, a baya Kwalejin Presbyterian, PRESCO, ta sami [[Jarabawar Kammala Makarantun Sakandare a Yammacin Afurka (WASSCE)|takardar shedar Makarantar Yammacin Afirka]]. Tsohuwar Jami’ar Fasaha ta Jihar Anambra ta ba ta lambar yabo ta PGDE a fannin ilimi a shekarar ta alif (1987), yayin da Cibiyar Gudanarwa da Fasaha (IMT) da ke [[Enugu (birni)|Enugu]] ta ba ta HND a fannin tattalin arziki da gudanarwa a shekarar 1981. A [[Makarantar Koyan Lauya ta Najeriya|Makarantar Shari'a ta Najeriya]] da ke [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]], Edith Nwosu ta samu BL. da digiri na farko a shekarar (1993) bayan ta kammala karatunta a Jami’ar Najeriya a shekarar ta alif (1992 inda ta kuma samu lambobin yabo guda hudu kan kwazon da ta yi a fannin ilimi. Ta karbi LL. M a shekarar ta alif (1997) da PhD daga Jami'ar Nigeria Nsukka a shekarar 2009 bi da bi.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> == Sana'a == Edith Nwosu ta fara aikinta na ilimi ne a matsayin mataimakiyar malami a tsangayar shari'a ta Jami'ar Najeriya, Enugu Campus a shekarar (1994). Tana karantar da Dokar Kamfani da Dokar Makamashi da Albarkatun Ƙasa a matakin digiri da kuma Dokar Kamfani a matakin digiri na biyu. A shekara ta 2011, ta zama Farfesa kuma a ranar Alhamis, 11 ga watan Nuwamba, 2021, ta gabatar da lacca na farko na 172 na Jami'ar Najeriya Nsukka. An yi wa laccar mai taken “Gridlock & Good Luck in Quasi-Corporate Marriages in Nigeria” kuma an gudanar da taron ne a ɗakin taro na Justice Mary Odili na Jami’ar Najeriya, Enugu Campus da karfe 1:00 na rana.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3" /> == Gudanarwa == Ita ce Mukaddashiyar Shugabar Sashen Kasuwanci da Dokokin Kaddarori tsakanin shekarun 2008 da 2013. Orator Jami'ar tsakanin shekarun 2011 da 2014, Mataimakiyar Shugaban Sashen Harkokin Dalibai, Enugu Campus tsakanin shekarun 2014 da 2018. Ta kasance mataimakiyar shugaba kuma shugabar kungiyar lauyoyin mata ta duniya (FIDA) jihar Enugu. A cikin shekarar 2018, an naɗa ta a matsayin mataimakiyar shugabar jami'ar Najeriya, Enugu Campus kuma aka sake zaɓe a shekarar 2021 wanda ya ƙare a ranar 7 ga watan Maris, 2023.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Rapheal |date=2023-07-22 |title=UNN appoints Nwachukwu UNEC DVC |url=https://sunnewsonline.com/unn-appoints-nwachukwu-unec-dvc/ |access-date=2023-07-27 |website=The Sun Nigeria |language=en}}</ref> == Memba == Ita mamba ce a [[Kungiyar Layoyi ta Najeriya|kungiyar lauyoyin Najeriya]], Kungiyar Lauyoyin Mata ta Duniya (FIDA), Reshen [[Enugu (jiha)|Jihar Enugu]] da Kungiyar Malaman Shari’a ta Najeriya.<ref name=":1" /> == wallafe-wallafen da aka zaɓa == * '''Nwosu''', E. (2015). ''Najeriya''. Manufar Millennium da BUKATA: da. * Ogbuabor, CA, '''Nwosu''', EO, & Ezike, EO (2014). ''Gabatar da ADR a Tsarin Shari'ar Laifukan Najeriya.'' * '''Nwosu''', EO, Ajibo, CC, Nwoke, U., Okoli, I., & Nwodo, F. (2021). ''Haɓaka bunƙasa kasuwar babban birnin Najeriya ta hanyar kare masu hannun jarin tsiraru: sake tantance hanyoyin aiwatarwa''. Bulletin Dokar Commonwealth, 47 (4), 625-642. * Eze, DU, '''Nwosu''', EO, Umahi, OT, & Nwoke, U. (2022). ''Tattalin Arzikin Ƙa'idodin Rashin Wariya da Daidaiton Jinsi dangane da Rarraba Ƙasa Kan Mutuwa a Najeriya''. Review Law Liverpool, 1-20. * Ogbuabor, CA, '''Nwosu''', EO, & Ezike, EO (2014). ''Gabatar da ADR a Tsarin Shari'ar Laifukan Najeriya''. Jaridar Turai na Kimiyyar zamantakewa, 45 (1), 32-43.<ref>{{Cite journal |first=C. A. |last=Ogbuabor |first2=E. O. |last2=Nwosu |first3=E. O. |last3=Ezike |date=2014 |title=Mainstreaming ADR in Nigeria’s Criminal Justice System |url=https://www.academia.edu/download/43476692/Mainstreaming_ADR_in_Nigerias_Criminal_20160307-5659-bxbizr.pdf |journal=European Journal of Social Sciences |volume=45 |issue=(1) |pages=32–43 }}{{Dead link|date=December 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1962]] jq9vw2dby2rp4gvuz7xajln9zq5y9r1 0 65432 826260 431219 2026-04-25T14:24:56Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826260 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Cornelius Odarquaye Quarcoopome, MRCS, FWACS (6 Yuli 1924 - 28 Agusta 2003) likitan Ghana ne kuma malami. Ya kasance likitan ido kuma farfesa a Makarantar Kiwon Lafiya ta Jami'ar Ghana. An bayyana shi da wasu a matsayin majagaba a fannin likitanci a Ghana. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/lifestyle/2017/august-12th/accept-postings-to-rural-communities-akufo-addo-urges-young-doctors.php |title=Kwafin ajiya |access-date=2023-12-21 |archive-date=2019-03-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190326212407/https://www.myjoyonline.com/lifestyle/2017/august-12th/accept-postings-to-rural-communities-akufo-addo-urges-young-doctors.php |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Rayuwar farko da ilimi== An haifi Cornelius a ranar 6 ga Yuli 1924 a Accra, Gold Coast. Iliminsa na farko ya fara ne a shekarar 1929 a makarantar maza ta gwamnatin Accra. Ya yi karatun sakandare a Accra Academy daga 1939 zuwa 1943. Ya shiga kwalejin Achimota a shekarar 1944 domin karatun gaba da jami'a. A cikin 1947 ya sami izinin ci gaba da karatunsa a Jami'ar Birmingham, ya kammala a 1953. Bayan ɗan gajeren lokaci a Gold Coast ya koma United Kingdom a 1957 don ƙarin karatu a UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, Jami'ar College of London ; Kwalejin Kwalejin Jami'ar London ta kammala a 1958.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=Zi8uAQAAIAAJ&q=quarcoopome</ref> ==Sana`a== Bayan kammala karatunsa a Jami'ar Birmingham, ya koma Ghana a 1954 yana aiki a sashin kula da lafiya na gwamnati na Gold Coast har zuwa 1957 lokacin da ya tafi Burtaniya don ci gaba da karatunsa a UCL Institute of Ophthalmology . Ya koma Ghana a 1958 kuma ya yi aiki a ma'aikatar lafiya a matsayin na musamman jami'in likita mai daraja. A shekarar 1960 ya samu mukamin kwararren likitan ido a ma'aikatar lafiya. Ya rike wannan mukami a ma’aikatar har zuwa 1965. Ya zama malami na ɗan lokaci a Makarantar Kiwon Lafiya ta Ghana (yanzu Jami'ar Makarantar Kiwon Lafiya ta Ghana ) a cikin 1965 kuma babban malami a 1969. An nada shi mataimakin farfesa a fannin ilimin ido a 1974. A wannan shekarar ya zama abokin bincike na abokin tarayya kuma mai ba da shawara na girmamawa na Cibiyar Nazarin Halittar Halittu ta Ghana, kuma mamba a Kwamitin Ba da Shawarwari na Kimiyya na Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya don Kula da Onchocerciasis na Yankin Kogin Volta. An nada shi shugaban kungiyar likitocin Ghana daga 1978 zuwa 1980. A cikin 1978, ya kasance memba na 1978 Kwamitin Tsarin Mulki wanda aka yi niyya don rubuta kundin tsarin mulkin UNIGOV. A cikin 1979, an nada shi darekta na farko na Cibiyar Tunawa da Noguchi don Binciken Likita, Jami'ar Ghana . Ya kasance shugaban hukumar inshorar SIC daga 1986 zuwa 1994. A cikin watan Yuni 1990 an nada shi shugaban farko na kungiyar Ophthalmological Society of Ghana. Shi ɗan'uwa ne na Kwalejin Likitoci ta Yammacin Afirka, mai ba da lasisin Kwalejin Royal na Likitoci, Ingila, memba na Kwalejin Likitoci na Royal, London tun 1953,<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=lQkgAQAAMAAJ&q=cornelius+odarquaye+quarcoopome</ref> kuma memba na Ƙungiyar Filariasis ta Duniya. tun 1969. ==Rayuwa ta sirri da mutuwa== Ya auri Emma Essie Dadzie a ranar 25 ga Agusta 1955. Ya haifi 'ya'ya bakwai da suka hada da mata biyar da maza biyu. Ayyukansa sun haɗa da karatu, daukar hoto, golf, kwamfuta da sauraron kiɗa.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=Zi8uAQAAIAAJ&q=quarcoopome</ref> Ya rasu a ranar 28 ga Agusta 2003 a asibitin Cromwell, London yana da shekaru 79. ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Haifaffun 1924]] [[Category:Mutuwan 2003]] bxufffovtk36jdkio0rnqhxrdbdgpsn 0 65512 826309 731032 2026-04-25T18:13:47Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826309 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Oluwole Daniel Makinde''', Farfesa dan [[Najeriya]] ne a fannin ilimin kimiya na (Theoretical and Applied Physics), Babban Sakatare Janar na Kungiyar Lissafi ta [[Afirka]] (AMU), Babban Sakatare kuma Mataimakin Shugaban Kungiyar Kimiyyar Lissafi ta [[Kudancin Afirka]] (SAMSA) da Daraktan Cibiyar Nazarin Cigaban Bincike a Modelin computation. da Lissafi (IARMMC) a Jami'ar Fasaha ta Cape Peninsula, [[Afirka ta Kudu]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=ORCID |url=https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3991-4948 |access-date=2022-05-25 |website=orcid.org}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Makinde Oluwole Daniel {{!}} The AAS |url=https://www.aasciences.africa/fellow/makinde-oluwole-daniel |access-date=2022-05-25 |website=www.aasciences.africa |archive-date=2019-10-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191022060736/https://www.aasciences.africa/fellow/makinde-oluwole-daniel |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Professor Oluwole Daniel Makinde — AUST |url=https://aust.edu.ng/alumni/aust-faculty/dr-oluwole-daniel-makinde |access-date=2022-05-25 |website=aust.edu.ng |archive-date=2023-07-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230715103518/https://aust.edu.ng/alumni/aust-faculty/dr-oluwole-daniel-makinde |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ilimi == A shekarar 1987, Daniel Makinde ya sami digiri na farko a Jami’ar [[Obafemi Awolowo]], Ile Ife a fannin Lissafi. A shekarar 1990, ya kuma sami digirinsa na MSc a Applied and Computational Mathematics daga Alma mater ɗaya kuma a shekarar 1996, ya sami digirin digiri na uku a Jami'ar Bristol, [[United Kingdom]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Oluwole Daniel Makinde - Mathematicians of the African Diaspora |url=http://www.math.buffalo.edu/mad/PEEPS/makinde_olowole_d.html |access-date=2022-05-25 |website=www.math.buffalo.edu}}</ref><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Oladipo |first=Bimpe |date=2019-03-20 |title=MAKINDE, Prof Oluwole Daniel |url=https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/makinde-prof-oluwale-daniel/ |access-date=2022-05-25 |website=Biographical Legacy and Research Foundation |language=en-US}}</ref> == Memba == Shi mamba ne na kwamitin ba da shawara na Cibiyar Lissafi ta Pan African (PACM) da ke [[Tanzaniya]] tsakanin shekarun 2003 da 2005.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Daniel Makinde{{!}} Center For Post Graduate Studies |url=https://www.cput.ac.za/images/cpgs/Prof%20Makinde%20Profile.pdf |access-date=2023-12-22 |archive-date=2023-12-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231222153133/https://www.cput.ac.za/images/cpgs/Prof%20Makinde%20Profile.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> Shi memba ne na Cibiyar Nazarin Aiwatar da Nazarin Ilimin Lissafi (CARMS) a Jami'ar Inmore a [[Kenya]] kuma mataimaki na Cibiyar Nazarin Ilimin Kimiyya ta Ƙasa (NITheP) a [[Afirka ta Kudu]]. A cikin shekarar 2012, ya zama fellow na Kwalejin Kimiyya na [[Afirka]] kuma a cikin shekarar 2013, ya zama fellow na [[Sabuwar Gini Papuwa|Papua New Guinea]] Mathematical Society don karramawa ga gudummawar da ya bayar.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Prof. Oluwole Daniel Makinde - PAN AFRICAN CONGRESS OF MATHEMATICIANS 2022 |url=https://www.pacom2022.com/plenary-lecturers-and-biographies/prof-oluwole-daniel-makinde |access-date=2023-09-10 |website=PAN AFRICAN CONGRESS OF MATHEMATICIANS 2022 |language=en |archive-date=2022-07-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220704003917/https://www.pacom2022.com/plenary-lecturers-and-biographies/prof-oluwole-daniel-makinde |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Kyauta da girmamawa == A cikin shekarar 2003, ya sami lambar yabo ta African Mathematics Union (AMU) da taron ƙasa da ƙasa na Kimiyyar Lissafi (ICMS) da lambar yabo ta matasan [[Afirka]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Young Africans in the Mathematical Sciences |url=http://www.math.buffalo.edu/mad/AMU/YoungAfricanMathematicians.html |access-date=2023-09-10 |website=www.math.buffalo.edu}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2012, ya sami lambar yabo ta Cibiyar Nazarin Kimiyya ta [[Afirka]] (AAS). A shekarar 2014, ya samu lambar yabo ta kasa ta [[Najeriya]], MFR, saboda gudunmawar da ya bayar a fannin ilmin lissafi kuma a shekarar 2011, ya lashe lambar yabo ta African Union Kwame Nkrumah Continental Scientific Award saboda kyakkyawar gudummawar da ya bayar a fannin kimiyyar asali a [[Afirka]]. A cikin shekarar 2021, ya ci lambar yabo ta Obada Prize (International) Kyautar Mai Binciken Bincike.<ref name=":3" /> == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] 004j6kngqe61of8t157z71ki9zt2jyz 0 66543 826445 558322 2026-04-26T07:12:57Z Envapid 29027 not bengali 826445 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Bengal in 1912.jpg|thumb|Bangal]] '''Kwamitin Hajji ta Yammacin Bengal'''<ref>https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/number-of-haj-pilgrims-from-bengal-to-be-halved-in-2021-haj-committee-member/articleshow/79278684.cms?from=mdr</ref> na Jihar West Bengal wata hukuma ce ta doka ta aikin hajji a karkashin Ma’aikatar Kula da Marasa Rinjaye da Ilimin Madrasah a Gwamnatin West Bengal. Yana ƙarƙashin Dokar Kwamitin Hajji, 2002 kuma an kafa shi akan ka'idodin Kwamitin Hajji na Indiya. Kwamitin yana gudanar da Gidan Hajji a Sabon Gari, Kolkata.<ref>https://www.jagran.com/west-bengal/darjeeling-application-process-for-holy-haj-2021-started-under-the-aegis-of-west-bengal-state-haj-committee-21059127.html</ref><ref>https://www.news18.com/news/india/number-of-haj-pilgrims-from-bengal-to-be-halved-in-2021-due-to-pandemic-committee-3092351.html</ref><ref>https://www.anandabazar.com/west-bengal/west-bengal-haj-committee-hopes-bengal-haj-pilgrims-are-ok-after-the-disaster-in-mecca-1.213631</ref> {{Stub}} ==Manazarta== {{Reflist}} eq30dejy6dvicmv7qe0xyeq4n1wib5c 0 69747 826435 550729 2026-04-26T07:09:27Z Mahuta 11340 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345804235|The Washerman]]" 826435 wikitext text/x-wiki   Fim ɗin '''The Washerman''' fim ne na barkwanci na soyayya na Najeriya na 2018 wanda [[Daidaitaccen Yanayi|Etinosa Idemudia]] ya shirya kuma [[Charles Uwagbai]] ya ba da umarni. Fim ɗin ya fito a cikin taurari [[IK Ogbonna|kamar Ik Ogbonna]], [[Frank Donga]], Mc Abbey, [[Bryan Okwara]], Mofe Duncan, [[Judith Audu]], Sound Sultan, [[Sexy Steel]] da Mercy Isoyinp. == Takaitaccen Bayani == Labarin ya ta'allaka ne a kan wani vlogger wanda ke neman ƙauna ta gaskiya. Tare da addu'o'insa, ya shawo kan takaici kuma ya sami ƙauna, kodayake ba abin da ake tsammani ba ne. == Masu ba da labari == * [[Judith Audu]] a matsayin Juliana * Stephen Damian a matsayin Gambo * Sani Danja a matsayin Kai * [[Frank Donga]] a matsayin Baba Landlord * Etinosa Idemudia a matsayin KC * Mercy Isoyip a matsayin Mimi * Jaywon a matsayin Abbey * [[IK Ogbonna]] a matsayin Boniface * Chris Okagbue a matsayin Duke * [[Bryan Okwara]] a matsayin Ric * [[Genny Uzoma]] . kamar yadda Akweke == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} nafsjex8c8cmmpyth5p7q4gnb8k13g4 826437 826435 2026-04-26T07:10:06Z Mahuta 11340 826437 wikitext text/x-wiki   Fim ɗin '''The Washerman''' fim ne na barkwanci na soyayya na Najeriya na shekarar 2018 wanda [[Daidaitaccen Yanayi|Etinosa Idemudia]] ya shirya kuma [[Charles Uwagbai]] ya ba da umarni. Fim ɗin ya fito a cikin taurari [[IK Ogbonna|kamar Ik Ogbonna]], [[Frank Donga]], Mc Abbey, [[Bryan Okwara]], Mofe Duncan, [[Judith Audu]], Sound Sultan, [[Sexy Steel]] da Mercy Isoyinp. == Takaitaccen Bayani == Labarin ya ta'allaka ne a kan wani vlogger wanda ke neman ƙauna ta gaskiya. Tare da addu'o'insa, ya shawo kan takaici kuma ya sami ƙauna, kodayake ba abin da ake tsammani ba ne. == Masu ba da labari == * [[Judith Audu]] a matsayin Juliana * Stephen Damian a matsayin Gambo * Sani Danja a matsayin Kai * [[Frank Donga]] a matsayin Baba Landlord * Etinosa Idemudia a matsayin KC * Mercy Isoyip a matsayin Mimi * Jaywon a matsayin Abbey * [[IK Ogbonna]] a matsayin Boniface * Chris Okagbue a matsayin Duke * [[Bryan Okwara]] a matsayin Ric * [[Genny Uzoma]] . kamar yadda Akweke == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} fv6uxyst60h3smqga2ho7lxcxu84ucm 826438 826437 2026-04-26T07:10:28Z Mahuta 11340 /* Takaitaccen Bayani */ 826438 wikitext text/x-wiki   Fim ɗin '''The Washerman''' fim ne na barkwanci na soyayya na Najeriya na shekarar 2018 wanda [[Daidaitaccen Yanayi|Etinosa Idemudia]] ya shirya kuma [[Charles Uwagbai]] ya ba da umarni. Fim ɗin ya fito a cikin taurari [[IK Ogbonna|kamar Ik Ogbonna]], [[Frank Donga]], Mc Abbey, [[Bryan Okwara]], Mofe Duncan, [[Judith Audu]], Sound Sultan, [[Sexy Steel]] da Mercy Isoyinp. == Takaitaccen Bayani == Labarin ya ta'allaka ne a kan wani vlogger wanda ke neman ƙauna ta gaskiya. Tare da addu'o'insa, ya kuma shawo kan takaici kuma ya sami ƙauna, kodayake ba abin da ake tsammani ba ne. == Masu ba da labari == * [[Judith Audu]] a matsayin Juliana * Stephen Damian a matsayin Gambo * Sani Danja a matsayin Kai * [[Frank Donga]] a matsayin Baba Landlord * Etinosa Idemudia a matsayin KC * Mercy Isoyip a matsayin Mimi * Jaywon a matsayin Abbey * [[IK Ogbonna]] a matsayin Boniface * Chris Okagbue a matsayin Duke * [[Bryan Okwara]] a matsayin Ric * [[Genny Uzoma]] . kamar yadda Akweke == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} liln4oca59ayz13fp7mw8gixbe44nq0 826442 826438 2026-04-26T07:12:02Z Mahuta 11340 826442 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Fim ɗin '''The Washerman''' fim ne na barkwanci na soyayya na Najeriya na shekarar 2018 wanda [[Daidaitaccen Yanayi|Etinosa Idemudia]] ya shirya kuma [[Charles Uwagbai]] ya ba da umarni. Fim ɗin ya fito a cikin taurari [[IK Ogbonna|kamar Ik Ogbonna]], [[Frank Donga]], Mc Abbey, [[Bryan Okwara]], Mofe Duncan, [[Judith Audu]], Sound Sultan, [[Sexy Steel]] da Mercy Isoyinp. == Takaitaccen Bayani == Labarin ya ta'allaka ne a kan wani vlogger wanda ke neman ƙauna ta gaskiya. Tare da addu'o'insa, ya kuma shawo kan takaici kuma ya sami ƙauna, kodayake ba abin da ake tsammani ba ne. == Masu ba da labari == * [[Judith Audu]] a matsayin Juliana * Stephen Damian a matsayin Gambo * Sani Danja a matsayin Kai * [[Frank Donga]] a matsayin Baba Landlord * Etinosa Idemudia a matsayin KC * Mercy Isoyip a matsayin Mimi * Jaywon a matsayin Abbey * [[IK Ogbonna]] a matsayin Boniface * Chris Okagbue a matsayin Duke * [[Bryan Okwara]] a matsayin Ric * [[Genny Uzoma]] . kamar yadda Akweke == Bayanan da aka ambata == {{Reflist}} fqumrd63no6ktvj7h0oncxqch0sypfg 0 71404 826601 475102 2026-04-26T08:45:10Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826601 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Eddie Nartey''' (an haife shi 6 Nuwamba 1984) ɗan wasan Ghana ne, darakta, kuma mai shirya fina-finai. <ref>{{cite web |last1=filla |first1=ghana |title=Eddie directs Juliet Ibrahim's first movie |url=http://www.ghanafilla.net/eddie-nartey-directs-juliet-ibrahims-new-movie/ |publisher=ghanafilla |access-date=12 July 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140715030935/http://www.ghanafilla.net/eddie-nartey-directs-juliet-ibrahims-new-movie/ |archive-date=15 July 2014 }}</ref> Matsayinsa na goyon bayan Frank Rajah's Somewhere In Africa ya ba shi lambar yabo a Nollywood da African Film Critics Awardsf, da kyaututtukan fina-finai na Ghana.  An zabe shi a cikin mafi kyawun ɗan wasan kwaikwayo don Kiss Me Idan Za Ka Iya., Ya sami damarsa ta farko don yin darakta na halarta na farko mai suna Could This Be Love inda ya rubuta fim ɗin tare da Evelyn, wanda ya jefa 'yan wasan kwaikwayo. kamar Majid Michel, Kwadwo Nkansah (Lil Win), Nana Ama Mcbrown, Fred Amugi, da Gloria Sarfo. . Ya yi aiki tare da [[Juliet Ibrahim]] a fim din Shattered Romance . Ya kuma rubuta kuma ya ba da umarnin fim din Royal Diadem .<ref name="could this be love">{{cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=If Kumawood Was That BAD, How Come The Top English Movie Stars Are Rushing In There? Watch A Clip of Majid Michel and Lil Win In The Movie-Could This be Love?|url=http://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2013/10/24/kumawood-bad-come-top-english-movie-stars-rushing-watch-clip-majid-michel-lil-win-love/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131027035833/http://www.ghanacelebrities.com:80/2013/10/24/kumawood-bad-come-top-english-movie-stars-rushing-watch-clip-majid-michel-lil-win-love |archive-date=2013-10-27 |access-date=|website=}}</ref> [[Fayil:Eddie1.jpg|thumb|Eddie Nartey]] Yana da alaƙa da ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Burtaniya / Darakta Danny Erskine . == Rayuwa ta farko == Eddie ya halarci Korle Gonno Methodist firamare da JSS a Accra don ilimi na asali. Ilimi na sakandare ya zo ne a makarantar sakandare ta Cathedral na Triniti (HOTCASS). Ya halarci Jami'ar Ghana, Legon <ref>{{cite news|title=Eddie graduates from school|url=http://www.ghanashowbiz.com/film/eddie-nartey-and-naa-ashorkor-now-graduates/|access-date=17 March 2011|publisher=Joseph Midnight|archive-date=19 August 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819090347/http://www.ghanashowbiz.com/film/eddie-nartey-and-naa-ashorkor-now-graduates/|url-status=dead}}</ref> inda ya yi karatun jagora kuma ya sami BFA a Fine Arts . == Rayuwa ta mutum == Ma ta mutu a watan Janairun 2021 bayan shekaru biyu na aure.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Eddie Nartey's wife passes on 2 years after marriage - MyJoyOnline.com|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/eddie-narteys-wife-passes-on-2-years-after-marriage/|access-date=2021-01-30|website=www.myjoyonline.com|language=en-US}}</ref> == Hotunan fina-finai == Ya yi aiki a fina-finai da yawa, ciki har da: <ref>{{cite web|title=Eddie's movies|url=http://irokotv.com/actor/144/eddie-nartey|access-date=2024-02-25|archive-date=2022-06-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220610170519/https://irokotv.com/actor/144/eddie-nartey|url-status=dead}}</ref> {{Columns-list|* ''Wedlock of the Gods'' * ''Return Of Beyonce'' * ''Crime To Christ'' * ''In The Eyes Of My Husband'' * ''Gallery of Comedy'' * ''Passion and Soul'' * ''Girls Connection'' * ''[[Agony of Christ (film)|Agony of Christ]]'' * ''Ties That Bind'' * ''The King Is Mine'' 1&2 * ''Somewhere In Africa'' 1&2 * ''Tears Of Womanhood'' 1&2 * ''Pool Party'' 1&2 * ''The Silent Writer'' * ''Last Battle'' * ''Intimate Battle'' 1&2 * ''Believe Me'' * ''Testing The Waters'' * ''Love & Crime''}} Ya ba da umarni kuma ya samar da: * ''Zai Iya Zama Ƙauna'' * ''Rashin soyayya'' * ''Diadem na sarauta'' * ''Ta Yi Addu'a'' * Kyakkyawan Rushewa * A watan Afrilu * Samai * Criss Cross * Wannan dare * Jerin Talabijin na Corner * Tattaunawa * Sabon Adabraka * Kalmomin * Mata A Yaƙi * Kofi Abebrese * Okada == Kyaututtuka == {| class="wikitable sortable" border="0" |+ ! scope="col" |Shekara ! scope="col" |Kyautar ! scope="col" |Sashe ! scope="col" |Sakamakon |- |2010 |Kyautar Fim ta Ghana |Mafi kyawun Actor|| {{Nom}} |- |2011 |Kyautar Fim ta Ghana |Mafi kyawun Actor |An zabi shi |- |2016 |Kyautar Fim ta Zinariya |Mafi kyawun Fim |Ya ci nasara |- |2017 |Kyautar Nelas |Mafi kyawun jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin |An zabi shi |- |2018 |Kyautar Fim ta Ghana |Mafi kyawun Fim |Ya ci nasara |- |2018 |Kyautar Fim ta Ghana |Darakta Mafi Kyawu |An zabi shi |- |2018 |Kyautar Fim ta Ghana |Hoton da ya fi dacewa |An zabi shi |- |2018 |Kyautar Nelas |Mafi kyawun gajeren fim |Ya ci nasara |- |2018 |Kyautar Nelas |Mafi kyawun Mai gabatarwa |Ya ci nasara |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * {{IMDb name|3477283}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1984]] e7n75j7p3txsx5ah9nua821dfu584k4 0 72467 826480 637205 2026-04-26T07:27:50Z Pharouqenr 25549 826480 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:ICT4ID Information and Communication Technologies for Intercultural Dialogue, DVD 1, Bolivia, Las Camaras De La Diversidad, Los Leco Pasado y presente.webm|thumb]] [[Fayil:Koninklijke courant 11-06-1808 (IA ddd 010239477 mpeg21).pdf|thumb|Yaren leco]] '''Yaren Leco''' wanda kuma aka rubuta a matsayin Leko, yare ne wanda, ko da yake an daɗe ana ba da rahoton bacewarsa, adadin mutane 20-40 ke magana a yankunan gabashin tafkin Titicaca,kasar Bolivia. Yawan kabilar Leco ya kasance adadin 13,527 a cikin shekarar ta 2012.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=http://inecloud.ine.gob.bo/owncloud/index.php/s/w2ZCFwI7qJrwTwD/download |access-date=2024-02-28 |archive-date=2021-08-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210801173154/https://inecloud.ine.gob.bo/owncloud/index.php/s/w2ZCFwI7qJrwTwD/download |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Rabewa == Kodayake ana ɗaukar Leco a matsayin keɓewar harshe, Kaufman (shekarar ta 1994: 64) ƙungiyoyin Leco tare da harsunan Sechura–Catacao a matsayin wani ɓangare na dangin Macro-Lecoan da aka tsara.[3] Har ila yau, an ba da shawarar cewa za a iya haɗa Leco tare da ɓatattun harsunan Puquina da ake magana da su a kudancin tafkin Titicaca.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=http://52ica.etnolinguistica.org/adelaar |access-date=2024-02-28 |archive-date=2011-07-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726035652/http://52ica.etnolinguistica.org/adelaar |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=http://52ica.etnolinguistica.org/adelaar |access-date=2024-02-28 |archive-date=2011-07-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726035652/http://52ica.etnolinguistica.org/adelaar |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Tuntuɓar harshe == Jolkesky shekarar (2016) ya lura cewa akwai kamanceceniya na ƙamus tare da Kulle, Omurano, Taushiro, Urarina, Arawak, Cholon-Hibito, Jaqi, da dangin Quechua saboda tuntuɓar su.<ref>http://www.etnolinguistica.org/tese:jolkesky-2016-arqueoecolinguistica</ref> {| class="wikitable" {| class="wikitable" ! gloss !! Leco |- | one || ver |- | two || foi |- | three || chishai |- | head || barua |- | eye || bisiri |- | hand || bu-eú |- | woman || chusna |- | water || dua |- | sun || heno |- | maize || ta |} == Fage == '''Tarihi''' Baya ga wasu taƙaitaccen jerin ƙamus, babban takaddar da aka san Leco don ita ce koyaswar Kirista da ɗan mishan Andrés Herrero ya tattara a farkon ƙarni na 19. Lafone Quevedo ne ya buga wannan koyaswar a cikin shekarar 1905, wanda ya yi amfani da shi azaman tushe don yin bayanin nahawu na harshe. Wannan aikin kusan shine kawai daftarin aiki da aka samu game da Leco, har sai masanin ilimin harshe Simon van de Kerke shekarar (1994) ya gano wasu masu magana da yaren kuma ya tattara wasu ƙarin hujjoji waɗanda suka haɓaka nazarin Quevedo. '''Amfani da bayanin''' A cikin Grimes shekarar (1988), Leco an rarraba shi azaman keɓewar harshe kuma ana ɗaukarsa bacewa. Duk da haka, Montaño Aragón shekarar (1987) ya sami wasu masu magana da harshe a yankin Atén da kuma a Apolo, La Paz, a lardin Franz Tamayo a cikin Bolivia na La Paz, tare da kogin Mapiri a Lardin Larecaja (wanda yake kuma a cikin sashen na La Paz). La Paz). Van de Kerke (shekarar 1994–shekarar 97) ya kori wasu masu magana. Waɗannan masu magana, galibi maza, sun girmi shekaru 50 kuma ba su saba amfani da yaren ba tun da daɗewa kafin lokacin. Van de Kerke ya ba da labarin cewa masu magana ba su da isasshen kwanciyar hankali don gudanar da tattaunawa ba tare da bata lokaci ba a Leco. == Bayanin harshe == '''Fassarar sauti''' Dangane da phonology na Leco, mutum zai iya nuna waɗannan abubuwa (bisa van de Kerke, 2009: 289-291). Leco yana da wayoyi guda shida: /a/, /e/, /i/, /o/, /u/ da /ɨ/. An bambanta adawa a cikin wasula biyar na farko a cikin bayanan, amma ana samun adawa tsakanin /e/ da /ɨ/ a cikin ƙayyadaddun kalmomi, misali pele 'balsa' da pèlè 'sunan shuka'. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Bakake ! colspan="2" rowspan="2" | ! rowspan="2" | [[Bilabial consonant|Bilabial]] ! colspan="2" | [[Alveolar consonant|Alveolar]] ! rowspan="2" | [[Postalveolar consonant|Post-<br>alveolar]] ! rowspan="2" | [[Velar consonant|Velar]] ! rowspan="2" | [[Glottal consonant|Glottal]] |- !<small>plain</small> ![[Sibilant|<small>sibilant</small>]] |- ! colspan="2" | [[Nasal consonant|Nasal]] | {{IPAlink|m}} | {{IPAlink|n}} | | | {{IPAlink|ŋ}} | |- ! rowspan="4" | [[Plosive]]/<br>[[Affricate]] ! <small>voiceless</small> | {{IPAlink|p}} | {{IPAlink|t}} |{{IPAlink|t͡s}} |{{IPAlink|t͡ʃ}} | {{IPAlink|k}} | |- ! [[Aspirated consonant|<small>aspirated</small>]] | {{IPAlink|pʰ}} | {{IPAlink|tʰ}} | | | {{IPAlink|kʰ}} | |- ! [[Ejective consonant|<small>ejective</small>]] | {{IPAlink|pʼ}} | {{IPAlink|tʼ}} | |{{IPAlink|t͡ʃʼ}} | {{IPAlink|kʼ}} | |- ! [[Voice (phonetics)|<small>voiced</small>]] | {{IPAlink|b}} | {{IPAlink|d}} | | | | |- ! rowspan="2" | [[Fricative]] ! <small>voiceless</small> | | {{IPAlink|s}} | | | | {{IPAlink|h}} |- ! [[Voice (phonetics)|<small>voiced</small>]] | | {{IPAlink|z}} | | | | |- ! colspan="2" | [[Approximant]] | | {{IPAlink|l}} | |{{IPAlink|j}} | {{IPAlink|w}} | |- ! colspan="2" | [[Flap consonant|Flap]] | | {{IPAlink|ɾ}} | | | | |} Lexicon da azuzuwan kalmomi Dangane da ƙamus da azuzuwan kalmomi a cikin Leco, mutum na iya ambaton waɗannan (van de Kerke, shekarar 2009: 293–297): A cikin Leco, an bambanta manyan nau'ikan kalmomi guda huɗu: suna, siffa, fi'ili, da lallausan magana. Bayan haka, harshen yana da rukuni na ƙananan nau'o'i: sunayen mutane, karin magana na sirri, karin magana, lambobi, karin magana, da sauransu. Ana siffanta sunaye ta hanyar morphosyntactically ta hanyar samar da tsakiya na jumlar suna da kuma barin jujjuya lamba da harka. Wasu suna ko dalilai a cikin Leco ana samun nasara 'gida' da 'yar' phose. Dangane da karin magana, Leco ya bambanta iri hudu: karin magana na sirri, kamar zamanin 'I', iya 'kai (mufurai)', kibi 'shi/ita'; ma'anar karin magana, kamar hoo 'wannan, kusa da mai magana', akan 'wannan, kusa da mai magana' da hino 'cewa, nesa da mai magana da mai magana'; karin magana mai tambaya, kamar ha 'who', u 'what', nora 'where'; da karin magana mara iyaka, waɗanda aka bayyana ta hanyar jumlolin dubatative, waɗanda suka ƙunshi karin magana mai tambaya da kari-kamar 'kuma' da -ka 'como'. Leco yana da adadi mai yawa na lexemes na adjectival, waɗanda ke siffata ta hanyar bayyana halayen mahalli. Don haka muna da, alal misali, lais 'bueno', suma 'kanana'. Leco tana da tsarin adadi na goma, wanda ya ƙunshi raka'o'i masu zuwa: 'daya', kuma 'biyu', chai 'uku', dirai 'hudu', bercha 'biyar', berphahmo 'shida', toiphahmo 'bakwai', ch' aiphahmo 'takwas', beepila 'nine', and beriki 'ten'. Lambobi shida zuwa takwas suna bin tsari a tushe biyar, kamar yadda yake cikin Aymara: 6 = 5 + 1, da sauransu. Leco yana da iyakataccen adadin lexemes na adverbial, kamar misali: kumte 'latti', ch'eka 'jiya', china 'sosai'. Har ila yau, tana da rukunin matsayi, waɗanda ke bayyana wurin kuma waɗanda aka haɗa su cikin sauƙi tare da alamomin harka, kamar su hekor 'out', apor 'near', haz 'down'. Dangane da fi’ili, ana siffanta su da aiki a matsayin jigon jumlar magana da kuma karɓar ɓangarorin lokaci da mutum, baya ga samun jerin ƙayyadaddun kari. Baya ga mataimakan wuya da kach, Leco yana da fi'ilai masu jujjuyawa, masu jujjuyawa, da ma'ana. Siffar dabi'ar wannan harshe ita ce ta ba da hankali sosai ga matsayi na abubuwa. Yana bayyana kansa, alal misali, a cikin kalmomi masu zuwa, waɗanda ko da yaushe suna haɗa suna mai bayyana matsayi tare da ma'anar kach 'don zama': chelkach 'da za a aza rabin kan wani abu', lewakach 'da za a rataye', chakach 'to zama zaune', da sauransu. Ilimin Halitta Dangane da halayen halayen Leco, wanda zai iya nuna waɗannan abubuwa (van de Kerke, shekarar 2009: 297-313). Leco babban yare ne mai ban tsoro kuma yana amfani da galibin kari. Dangane da ilimin halittar jiki na sunaye, sunaye suna da juzu'i ga lamba, ta hanyar ma'anar kalmar jam'i -aya, kamar yadda a cikin choswai-tha-aya [mace-DIM-PL] 'kananan mata', da juzu'i ga harka, misali genitive -moki, wanda aka yi amfani da shi tare da abubuwan da ba su dace ba kamar kuchi 'perro' a cikin yo-moki kuchi [1SG-GEN] 'mi perro'; dative (i)ki, wanda ke nuna alkibla ko manufa, kamar yadda yake cikin (1); Locative -ra ko -te, wanda ke nuna alamar madaidaicin wuri ko wuri mai jagora, kamar a cikin (2); ablative -rep / -bet, wanda ke nuna asalin wurin, kamar yadda yake cikin (3), da sauransu. (1) san-ki duk-da hu-ku-ate 3pl-dar-pas.1 dulsi alewa 'Ga duk na ba alewa.' (2) ku me trabajo-ra aiki-loc cera mu abo-da-no-ne sami-fut-NML-int lamka-sich-ne aiki-inf-top ‘A cikin wane aiki za mu sami aiki (a cikin gari)?’ Unknown glossing abbreviation(s) (taimako); (3) lilwo farar fata ubus-no-te fito-NML-DCL lal-rep/lal wara-rep duniya-abl / duniya ciki-abl ‘Ciwa tana fitowa daga ƙasa/daga cikin ƙasa.’ Unknown glossing abbreviation(s) (taimako); Ana iya haɗa sunayen sunaye, ƙari ga haka, tare da saitin ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bayanai suke, kamar yadda ake haɗa su da maƙasudin -tha, wanda ban da haɗa su da wasu abubuwa, kamar yadda a cikin won-tha [gida-DIM] 'kananan gida', an haɗa shi da sifa, kamar yadda aka gani a (4). Wani kari wanda ya shafi sunaye shine 'delimitative' -beka, wanda ke bayyana ra'ayin 'babu', 'kawai', kamar yadda aka gani a cikin (5). Har ila yau, Leco yana da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun kalmomi (waɗanda ke samo sunaye daga fi'ili), misali, infinitivizer -sich in (6), wanda ke samun sigar ƙarshe wanda ke aiki azaman jigon jumla; da wakili -no, wanda ke samar da sunaye da aka samo waɗanda ke bayyana wakili, kamar lamas-no [aiki-AG] 'ma'aikaci'. (4) wata Guana ba-ta-ta far-dim-DCL ‘Guanay ya ɗan yi nisa kaɗan.’ Ba a san gajarta (s) mai sheki ba (taimako); (5) yo-phos-beka 1sg-yar-del ho-ra wannan-loc ba-ba-ba live-NML-DCL ‘Yata ba ta ƙara zama a nan.’ Unknown short glossing abbreviation(s) (taimako); (6) lamka-shi aiki-inf yu-gustas-in-te 1.O-don Allah-neg-DCL ‘Aiki baya faranta min rai.’ Unknown short glossing abbreviation(s) (taimako); Dangane da ilimin halittar jiki, fi’ili suna da jujjuyawar mutum, wanda ke samuwa ta hanyar karimi wanda ma. rk mutumin jigon da prefixes wanda ke yiwa abu alama, kamar yadda aka nuna a (7). (7) ya-ache-ki 1sg-baba-gen yo-moki 1sg-jin aycha nama yin-ko-ka-te 1.ben-ci-PF-aux-DCL ‘Mahaifina ya ci naman.’ (Ban iya ci ba kuma) Unknown glossing abbreviation(s) (taimako); Kamar yadda aka gani a hoto na 2, ban da jujjuyawar mutum, ana iya haɗa kalmar fi'ili a Leco tare da jerin ƙayyadaddun ƙaranci (waɗanda, alal misali, bambance-bambancen nau'in yanayi-lokaci). Misali, (8) ya nuna yadda ake amfani da kari na ilimin kaikaice (CID) -mono, wanda aka hada da fi’ili moch ‘ce’ wanda daga ciki aka samo shi. {{interlinear|number=(1) |seneng-'''ki''' hu-ku-ate dulsi |all-DAT 3PL-dar-PAS.1 candy |‘To all I gave a candy.’}} {{interlinear|number=(2) |u trabajo-'''ra''' chera abon-da-no-ne lamka-sich-ne |what work-LOC we find-FUT-NML-INT work-INF-TOP |‘In what work are we going to find work (in the town)?’}} {{interlinear|number=(3) |lilwo ubus-no-te {lal-'''rep'''/lal wara-'''rep'''} |grasshopper {come out-NML-DCL} {earth-ABL/earth interior-ABL} |‘The grasshopper comes out from the earth / from within the earth.’}} {{interlinear|number=(4) |wesra nos-'''tha'''-te |Guanay far-DIM-DCL |‘Guanay is a little far.’}} {{interlinear|number=(5) |yo-phos-'''beka''' ho-ra t’e-no-te |1SG-daughter-DEL this-LOC live-NML-DCL |‘My daughter no longer lives here.’}} {{interlinear|number=(6) |lamka-'''sich''' yu-gustas-in-te |work-INF 1.O-please-NEG-DCL |‘Working does not please me.’}} *In regard to verbal morphology, verbs have inflection of person, which is formed by means of suffixes which mark the person of the subject and prefixes which mark the object<!-- o el benefactivo/malefactivo -->, as is shown in (7). {{interlinear|number=(7) |ya-ache-ki yo-moki aycha yin-k’o-a-ka-te |1SG-father-GEN 1SG-GEN meat 1.BEN-eat-PF-AUX-DCL |‘My father has eaten the meat for me.’ (I was not able to eat any more)}} {| class="wikitable" |+ Figure 2: Inflection of the verb ! Verbal root || PROG || NEG || NML/N/ADJ || PL || CID || AUX || PAS || DCL/INT || Person |- | || || || || || || || || || ''-o'' |- | || || || Adj/N || || || || || ''-t''|| ''-m/-n'' |- | || || || || ''-aya'' || ''-mono'' || ''-ka'' || ''-taah'' || || |- | V || ''-cha'' || ''-in'' || ''-no'' || || || || || ''-ne'' || ''-am/-an'' |- | || || ''-ir''|| ''-a'' || || || || || || ''-no(h)'' |- | || || || ''-ich''|| || || || || || ''-s'' |} {{interlinear|number=(8) |era fuerza-hote-to: ya-ache-ki-ka mo-no-mono-taah-te |I strength-POS-PRS.1 1SG-father-GEN-COMP say-NML-CID-PAS-DCL |‘It is said that he said "I have strength like my father".’}} *In regard to the category of mood, in Leco one uses suffixes like ''-kama'' 'power', ''-bibi'' 'almost', among others, to indicate a possible event, as is seen in (9). Leco has, besides, two forms of imperative of the second person, one directed to only one person and another directed to various persons, as is seen in (10a) and (10b). {{interlinear|number=(9) |chika es-cha-no-te lamkas-in-'''kama'''-te-am |very rain-PRS-NML-DCL work-NEG-work-DCL-PL.1 |‘It is raining heavily; we can not work.’}} {{interlinear|number=(10a) |iya ta bal-'''a''' |{you (singular)} [[maize]] plant-IMP |‘Plant maize (corn)!’}} {{interlinear|number=(10b) |heka ta bal-'''noku''' |{you (singular)} maize plant-IMP.PL |‘(You [plural]) plant maize (corn)!’}} {{interlinear|number=(11) |yo-moki warsuch tiltil-'''hi'''-no-te |1-GEN trousers undone-CMPL-NML-DCL |‘My trousers have been completely broken.’}} {{interlinear|number=(12) |wotha wonon-'''wari'''-no-te |hill caminar-subir.por.tierra-NML-DCL |‘He/she is walking up the hill.’}} {{interlinear|number=(13) |yobas-aya yanapas-'''mo'''-no-aya-te dihwo bal-ich-ki |man-PL help-REC-NML-PL-DCL peanut plant-INF-DAT |‘The men are helping each other to plant peanuts.’}} {{interlinear|number=(14) |o-botha-tha-ki do-ko-'''ki'''-a |2-brother-DIM-DAT 3.O-take-CAUS-IMP |‘Make him take your (singular) little brother!’}} == Kalmomi == Loukotka shekarar (1968) ya jera waɗannan mahimman ƙamus na Leco.<ref>https://archive.org/details/classificationof0007louk</ref> == Manazarta == ceai8t9tsks5fnymtg84jpvfdf3ao69 826486 826480 2026-04-26T07:30:31Z Pharouqenr 25549 826486 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:ICT4ID Information and Communication Technologies for Intercultural Dialogue, DVD 1, Bolivia, Las Camaras De La Diversidad, Los Leco Pasado y presente.webm|thumb]] [[Fayil:Koninklijke courant 11-06-1808 (IA ddd 010239477 mpeg21).pdf|thumb|Yaren leco]] '''Yaren Leco''' wanda kuma aka rubuta a matsayin Leko, yare ne wanda, ko da yake an daɗe ana ba da rahoton bacewarsa, adadin mutane 20-40 ke magana a yankunan gabashin tafkin Titicaca,kasar Bolivia. Yawan kabilar Leco ya kasance adadin 13,527 a cikin shekarar ta 2012.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=http://inecloud.ine.gob.bo/owncloud/index.php/s/w2ZCFwI7qJrwTwD/download |access-date=2024-02-28 |archive-date=2021-08-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210801173154/https://inecloud.ine.gob.bo/owncloud/index.php/s/w2ZCFwI7qJrwTwD/download |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Rabewa == Kodayake ana ɗaukar Leco a matsayin keɓewar harshe, Kaufman (shekarar ta 1994: 64) ƙungiyoyin Leco tare da harsunan Sechura–Catacao a matsayin wani ɓangare na dangin Macro-Lecoan da aka tsara.[3] Har ila yau, an ba da shawarar cewa za a iya haɗa Leco tare da ɓatattun harsunan Puquina da ake magana da su a kudancin tafkin Titicaca.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=http://52ica.etnolinguistica.org/adelaar |access-date=2024-02-28 |archive-date=2011-07-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726035652/http://52ica.etnolinguistica.org/adelaar |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=http://52ica.etnolinguistica.org/adelaar |access-date=2024-02-28 |archive-date=2011-07-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726035652/http://52ica.etnolinguistica.org/adelaar |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Tuntuɓar harshe == Jolkesky shekarar (2016) ya lura cewa akwai kamanceceniya na ƙamus tare da Kulle, Omurano, Taushiro, Urarina, Arawak, Cholon-Hibito, Jaqi, da dangin Quechua saboda tuntuɓar su.<ref>http://www.etnolinguistica.org/tese:jolkesky-2016-arqueoecolinguistica</ref> {| class="wikitable" {| class="wikitable" ! gloss !! Leco |- | one || ver |- | two || foi |- | three || chishai |- | head || barua |- | eye || bisiri |- | hand || bu-eú |- | woman || chusna |- | water || dua |- | sun || heno |- | maize || ta |} == Fage == '''Tarihi''' Baya ga wasu taƙaitaccen jerin ƙamus, babban takaddar da aka san Leco don ita ce koyaswar Kirista da ɗan mishan Andrés Herrero ya tattara a farkon ƙarni na 19. Lafone Quevedo ne ya buga wannan koyaswar a cikin shekarar 1905, wanda ya yi amfani da shi azaman tushe don yin bayanin nahawu na harshe. Wannan aikin kusan shine kawai daftarin aiki da aka samu game da Leco, har sai masanin ilimin harshe Simon van de Kerke shekarar (1994) ya gano wasu masu magana da yaren kuma ya tattara wasu ƙarin hujjoji waɗanda suka haɓaka nazarin Quevedo. '''Amfani da bayanin''' A cikin Grimes shekarar (1988), Leco an rarraba shi azaman keɓewar harshe kuma ana ɗaukarsa bacewa. Duk da haka, Montaño Aragón shekarar (1987) ya sami wasu masu magana da harshe a yankin Atén da kuma a Apolo, La Paz, a lardin Franz Tamayo a cikin Bolivia na La Paz, tare da kogin Mapiri a Lardin Larecaja (wanda yake kuma a cikin sashen na La Paz). La Paz). Van de Kerke (shekarar 1994–shekarar 97) ya kori wasu masu magana. Waɗannan masu magana, galibi maza, sun girmi shekaru 50 kuma ba su saba amfani da yaren ba tun da daɗewa kafin lokacin. Van de Kerke ya ba da labarin cewa masu magana ba su da isasshen kwanciyar hankali don gudanar da tattaunawa ba tare da bata lokaci ba a Leco. == Bayanin harshe == '''Fassarar sauti''' Dangane da phonology na Leco, mutum zai iya nuna waɗannan abubuwa (bisa van de Kerke, 2009: 289-291). Leco yana da wayoyi guda shida: /a/, /e/, /i/, /o/, /u/ da /ɨ/. An bambanta adawa a cikin wasula biyar na farko a cikin bayanan, amma ana samun adawa tsakanin /e/ da /ɨ/ a cikin ƙayyadaddun kalmomi, misali pele 'balsa' da pèlè 'sunan shuka'. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Bakake ! colspan="2" rowspan="2" | ! rowspan="2" | [[Bilabial consonant|Bilabial]] ! colspan="2" | [[Alveolar consonant|Alveolar]] ! rowspan="2" | [[Postalveolar consonant|Post-<br>alveolar]] ! rowspan="2" | [[Velar consonant|Velar]] ! rowspan="2" | [[Glottal consonant|Glottal]] |- !<small>plain</small> ![[Sibilant|<small>sibilant</small>]] |- ! colspan="2" | [[Nasal consonant|Nasal]] | {{IPAlink|m}} | {{IPAlink|n}} | | | {{IPAlink|ŋ}} | |- ! rowspan="4" | [[Plosive]]/<br>[[Affricate]] ! <small>voiceless</small> | {{IPAlink|p}} | {{IPAlink|t}} |{{IPAlink|t͡s}} |{{IPAlink|t͡ʃ}} | {{IPAlink|k}} | |- ! [[Aspirated consonant|<small>aspirated</small>]] | {{IPAlink|pʰ}} | {{IPAlink|tʰ}} | | | {{IPAlink|kʰ}} | |- ! [[Ejective consonant|<small>ejective</small>]] | {{IPAlink|pʼ}} | {{IPAlink|tʼ}} | |{{IPAlink|t͡ʃʼ}} | {{IPAlink|kʼ}} | |- ! [[Voice (phonetics)|<small>voiced</small>]] | {{IPAlink|b}} | {{IPAlink|d}} | | | | |- ! rowspan="2" | [[Fricative]] ! <small>voiceless</small> | | {{IPAlink|s}} | | | | {{IPAlink|h}} |- ! [[Voice (phonetics)|<small>voiced</small>]] | | {{IPAlink|z}} | | | | |- ! colspan="2" | [[Approximant]] | | {{IPAlink|l}} | |{{IPAlink|j}} | {{IPAlink|w}} | |- ! colspan="2" | [[Flap consonant|Flap]] | | {{IPAlink|ɾ}} | | | | |} Lexicon da azuzuwan kalmomi Dangane da ƙamus da azuzuwan kalmomi a cikin Leco, mutum na iya ambaton waɗannan (van de Kerke, shekarar 2009: 293–297): A cikin Leco, an bambanta manyan nau'ikan kalmomi guda huɗu: suna, siffa, fi'ili, da lallausan magana. Bayan haka, harshen yana da rukuni na ƙananan nau'o'i: sunayen mutane, karin magana na sirri, karin magana, lambobi, karin magana, da sauransu. Ana siffanta sunaye ta hanyar morphosyntactically ta hanyar samar da tsakiya na jumlar suna da kuma barin jujjuya lamba da harka. Wasu suna ko dalilai a cikin Leco ana samun nasara 'gida' da 'yar' phose. Dangane da karin magana, Leco ya bambanta iri hudu: karin magana na sirri, kamar zamanin 'I', iya 'kai (mufurai)', kibi 'shi/ita'; ma'anar karin magana, kamar hoo 'wannan, kusa da mai magana', akan 'wannan, kusa da mai magana' da hino 'cewa, nesa da mai magana da mai magana'; karin magana mai tambaya, kamar ha 'who', u 'what', nora 'where'; da karin magana mara iyaka, waɗanda aka bayyana ta hanyar jumlolin dubatative, waɗanda suka ƙunshi karin magana mai tambaya da kari-kamar 'kuma' da -ka 'como'. Leco yana da adadi mai yawa na lexemes na adjectival, waɗanda ke siffata ta hanyar bayyana halayen mahalli. Don haka muna da, alal misali, lais 'bueno', suma 'kanana'. Leco tana da tsarin adadi na goma, wanda ya ƙunshi raka'o'i masu zuwa: 'daya', kuma 'biyu', chai 'uku', dirai 'hudu', bercha 'biyar', berphahmo 'shida', toiphahmo 'bakwai', ch' aiphahmo 'takwas', beepila 'nine', and beriki 'ten'. Lambobi shida zuwa takwas suna bin tsari a tushe biyar, kamar yadda yake cikin Aymara: 6 = 5 + 1, da sauransu. Leco yana da iyakataccen adadin lexemes na adverbial, kamar misali: kumte 'latti', ch'eka 'jiya', china 'sosai'. Har ila yau, tana da rukunin matsayi, waɗanda ke bayyana wurin kuma waɗanda aka haɗa su cikin sauƙi tare da alamomin harka, kamar su hekor 'out', apor 'near', haz 'down'. Dangane da fi’ili, ana siffanta su da aiki a matsayin jigon jumlar magana da kuma karɓar ɓangarorin lokaci da mutum, baya ga samun jerin ƙayyadaddun kari. Baya ga mataimakan wuya da kach, Leco yana da fi'ilai masu jujjuyawa, masu jujjuyawa, da ma'ana. Siffar dabi'ar wannan harshe ita ce ta ba da hankali sosai ga matsayi na abubuwa. Yana bayyana kansa, alal misali, a cikin kalmomi masu zuwa, waɗanda ko da yaushe suna haɗa suna mai bayyana matsayi tare da ma'anar kach 'don zama': chelkach 'da za a aza rabin kan wani abu', lewakach 'da za a rataye', chakach 'to zama zaune', da sauransu. Ilimin Halitta Dangane da halayen halayen Leco, wanda zai iya nuna waɗannan abubuwa (van de Kerke, shekarar 2009: 297-313). Leco babban yare ne mai ban tsoro kuma yana amfani da galibin kari. Dangane da ilimin halittar jiki na sunaye, sunaye suna da juzu'i ga lamba, ta hanyar ma'anar kalmar jam'i -aya, kamar yadda a cikin choswai-tha-aya [mace-DIM-PL] 'kananan mata', da juzu'i ga harka, misali genitive -moki, wanda aka yi amfani da shi tare da abubuwan da ba su dace ba kamar kuchi 'perro' a cikin yo-moki kuchi [1SG-GEN] 'mi perro'; dative (i)ki, wanda ke nuna alkibla ko manufa, kamar yadda yake cikin (1); Locative -ra ko -te, wanda ke nuna alamar madaidaicin wuri ko wuri mai jagora, kamar a cikin (2); ablative -rep / -bet, wanda ke nuna asalin wurin, kamar yadda yake cikin (3), da sauransu. == Kalmomi == Loukotka shekarar (1968) ya jera waɗannan mahimman ƙamus na Leco.<ref>https://archive.org/details/classificationof0007louk</ref> == Manazarta == 9s96ghidk6tuzotb5jzaysvvtje7nim 826488 826486 2026-04-26T07:31:00Z Pharouqenr 25549 826488 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:ICT4ID Information and Communication Technologies for Intercultural Dialogue, DVD 1, Bolivia, Las Camaras De La Diversidad, Los Leco Pasado y presente.webm|thumb]] [[Fayil:Koninklijke courant 11-06-1808 (IA ddd 010239477 mpeg21).pdf|thumb|Yaren leco]] '''Yaren Leco''' wanda kuma aka rubuta a matsayin Leko, yare ne wanda, ko da yake an daɗe ana ba da rahoton bacewarsa, adadin mutane 20-40 ke magana a yankunan gabashin tafkin Titicaca,kasar Bolivia. Yawan kabilar Leco ya kasance adadin 13,527 a cikin shekarar ta 2012.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=http://inecloud.ine.gob.bo/owncloud/index.php/s/w2ZCFwI7qJrwTwD/download |access-date=2024-02-28 |archive-date=2021-08-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210801173154/https://inecloud.ine.gob.bo/owncloud/index.php/s/w2ZCFwI7qJrwTwD/download |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Rabewa == Kodayake ana ɗaukar Leco a matsayin keɓewar harshe, Kaufman (shekarar ta 1994: 64) ƙungiyoyin Leco tare da harsunan Sechura–Catacao a matsayin wani ɓangare na dangin Macro-Lecoan da aka tsara.[3] Har ila yau, an ba da shawarar cewa za a iya haɗa Leco tare da ɓatattun harsunan Puquina da ake magana da su a kudancin tafkin Titicaca.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=http://52ica.etnolinguistica.org/adelaar |access-date=2024-02-28 |archive-date=2011-07-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726035652/http://52ica.etnolinguistica.org/adelaar |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Kwafin ajiya |url=http://52ica.etnolinguistica.org/adelaar |access-date=2024-02-28 |archive-date=2011-07-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726035652/http://52ica.etnolinguistica.org/adelaar |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Tuntuɓar harshe == Jolkesky shekarar (2016) ya lura cewa akwai kamanceceniya na ƙamus tare da Kulle, Omurano, Taushiro, Urarina, Arawak, Cholon-Hibito, Jaqi, da dangin Quechua saboda tuntuɓar su.<ref>http://www.etnolinguistica.org/tese:jolkesky-2016-arqueoecolinguistica</ref> {| class="wikitable" {| class="wikitable" ! gloss !! Leco |- | one || ver |- | two || foi |- | three || chishai |- | head || barua |- | eye || bisiri |- | hand || bu-eú |- | woman || chusna |- | water || dua |- | sun || heno |- | maize || ta |} == Fage == '''Tarihi''' Baya ga wasu taƙaitaccen jerin ƙamus, babban takaddar da aka san Leco don ita ce koyaswar Kirista da ɗan mishan Andrés Herrero ya tattara a farkon ƙarni na 19. Lafone Quevedo ne ya buga wannan koyaswar a cikin shekarar 1905, wanda ya yi amfani da shi azaman tushe don yin bayanin nahawu na harshe. Wannan aikin kusan shine kawai daftarin aiki da aka samu game da Leco, har sai masanin ilimin harshe Simon van de Kerke shekarar (1994) ya gano wasu masu magana da yaren kuma ya tattara wasu ƙarin hujjoji waɗanda suka haɓaka nazarin Quevedo. '''Amfani da bayanin''' A cikin Grimes shekarar (1988), Leco an rarraba shi azaman keɓewar harshe kuma ana ɗaukarsa bacewa. Duk da haka, Montaño Aragón shekarar (1987) ya sami wasu masu magana da harshe a yankin Atén da kuma a Apolo, La Paz, a lardin Franz Tamayo a cikin Bolivia na La Paz, tare da kogin Mapiri a Lardin Larecaja (wanda yake kuma a cikin sashen na La Paz). La Paz). Van de Kerke (shekarar 1994–shekarar 97) ya kori wasu masu magana. Waɗannan masu magana, galibi maza, sun girmi shekaru 50 kuma ba su saba amfani da yaren ba tun da daɗewa kafin lokacin. Van de Kerke ya ba da labarin cewa masu magana ba su da isasshen kwanciyar hankali don gudanar da tattaunawa ba tare da bata lokaci ba a Leco. == Bayanin harshe == '''Fassarar sauti''' Dangane da phonology na Leco, mutum zai iya nuna waɗannan abubuwa (bisa van de Kerke, 2009: 289-291). Leco yana da wayoyi guda shida: /a/, /e/, /i/, /o/, /u/ da /ɨ/. An bambanta adawa a cikin wasula biyar na farko a cikin bayanan, amma ana samun adawa tsakanin /e/ da /ɨ/ a cikin ƙayyadaddun kalmomi, misali pele 'balsa' da pèlè 'sunan shuka'. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Bakake ! colspan="2" rowspan="2" | ! rowspan="2" | [[Bilabial consonant|Bilabial]] ! colspan="2" | [[Alveolar consonant|Alveolar]] ! rowspan="2" | [[Postalveolar consonant|Post-<br>alveolar]] ! rowspan="2" | [[Velar consonant|Velar]] ! rowspan="2" | [[Glottal consonant|Glottal]] |- !<small>plain</small> ![[Sibilant|<small>sibilant</small>]] |- ! colspan="2" | [[Nasal consonant|Nasal]] | {{IPAlink|m}} | {{IPAlink|n}} | | | {{IPAlink|ŋ}} | |- ! rowspan="4" | [[Plosive]]/<br>[[Affricate]] ! <small>voiceless</small> | {{IPAlink|p}} | {{IPAlink|t}} |{{IPAlink|t͡s}} |{{IPAlink|t͡ʃ}} | {{IPAlink|k}} | |- ! [[Aspirated consonant|<small>aspirated</small>]] | {{IPAlink|pʰ}} | {{IPAlink|tʰ}} | | | {{IPAlink|kʰ}} | |- ! [[Ejective consonant|<small>ejective</small>]] | {{IPAlink|pʼ}} | {{IPAlink|tʼ}} | |{{IPAlink|t͡ʃʼ}} | {{IPAlink|kʼ}} | |- ! [[Voice (phonetics)|<small>voiced</small>]] | {{IPAlink|b}} | {{IPAlink|d}} | | | | |- ! rowspan="2" | [[Fricative]] ! <small>voiceless</small> | | {{IPAlink|s}} | | | | {{IPAlink|h}} |- ! [[Voice (phonetics)|<small>voiced</small>]] | | {{IPAlink|z}} | | | | |- ! colspan="2" | [[Approximant]] | | {{IPAlink|l}} | |{{IPAlink|j}} | {{IPAlink|w}} | |- ! colspan="2" | [[Flap consonant|Flap]] | | {{IPAlink|ɾ}} | | | | |} Lexicon da azuzuwan kalmomi Dangane da ƙamus da azuzuwan kalmomi a cikin Leco, mutum na iya ambaton waɗannan (van de Kerke, shekarar 2009: 293–297): A cikin Leco, an bambanta manyan nau'ikan kalmomi guda huɗu: suna, siffa, fi'ili, da lallausan magana. Bayan haka, harshen yana da rukuni na ƙananan nau'o'i: sunayen mutane, karin magana na sirri, karin magana, lambobi, karin magana, da sauransu. Ana siffanta sunaye ta hanyar morphosyntactically ta hanyar samar da tsakiya na jumlar suna da kuma barin jujjuya lamba da harka. Wasu suna ko dalilai a cikin Leco ana samun nasara 'gida' da 'yar' phose. Dangane da karin magana, Leco ya bambanta iri hudu: karin magana na sirri, kamar zamanin 'I', iya 'kai (mufurai)', kibi 'shi/ita'; ma'anar karin magana, kamar hoo 'wannan, kusa da mai magana', akan 'wannan, kusa da mai magana' da hino 'cewa, nesa da mai magana da mai magana'; karin magana mai tambaya, kamar ha 'who', u 'what', nora 'where'; da karin magana mara iyaka, waɗanda aka bayyana ta hanyar jumlolin dubatative, waɗanda suka ƙunshi karin magana mai tambaya da kari-kamar 'kuma' da -ka 'como'. Leco yana da adadi mai yawa na lexemes na adjectival, waɗanda ke siffata ta hanyar bayyana halayen mahalli. Don haka muna da, alal misali, lais 'bueno', suma 'kanana'. Leco tana da tsarin adadi na goma, wanda ya ƙunshi raka'o'i masu zuwa: 'daya', kuma 'biyu', chai 'uku', dirai 'hudu', bercha 'biyar', berphahmo 'shida', toiphahmo 'bakwai', ch' aiphahmo 'takwas', beepila 'nine', and beriki 'ten'. Lambobi shida zuwa takwas suna bin tsari a tushe biyar, kamar yadda yake cikin Aymara: 6 = 5 + 1, da sauransu. Leco yana da iyakataccen adadin lexemes na adverbial, kamar misali: kumte 'latti', ch'eka 'jiya', china 'sosai'. Har ila yau, tana da rukunin matsayi, waɗanda ke bayyana wurin kuma waɗanda aka haɗa su cikin sauƙi tare da alamomin harka, kamar su hekor 'out', apor 'near', haz 'down'. Dangane da fi’ili, ana siffanta su da aiki a matsayin jigon jumlar magana da kuma karɓar ɓangarorin lokaci da mutum, baya ga samun jerin ƙayyadaddun kari. Baya ga mataimakan wuya da kach, Leco yana da fi'ilai masu jujjuyawa, masu jujjuyawa, da ma'ana. Siffar dabi'ar wannan harshe ita ce ta ba da hankali sosai ga matsayi na abubuwa. Yana bayyana kansa, alal misali, a cikin kalmomi masu zuwa, waɗanda ko da yaushe suna haɗa suna mai bayyana matsayi tare da ma'anar kach 'don zama': chelkach 'da za a aza rabin kan wani abu', lewakach 'da za a rataye', chakach 'to zama zaune', da sauransu. Ilimin Halitta Dangane da halayen halayen Leco, wanda zai iya nuna waɗannan abubuwa (van de Kerke, shekarar 2009: 297-313). Leco babban yare ne mai ban tsoro kuma yana amfani da galibin kari. Dangane da ilimin halittar jiki na sunaye, sunaye suna da juzu'i ga lamba, ta hanyar ma'anar kalmar jam'i -aya, kamar yadda a cikin choswai-tha-aya [mace-DIM-PL] 'kananan mata', da juzu'i ga harka, misali genitive -moki, wanda aka yi amfani da shi tare da abubuwan da ba su dace ba kamar kuchi 'perro' a cikin yo-moki kuchi [1SG-GEN] 'mi perro'; dative (i)ki, wanda ke nuna alkibla ko manufa, kamar yadda yake cikin (1); Locative -ra ko -te, wanda ke nuna alamar madaidaicin wuri ko wuri mai jagora, kamar a cikin (2); ablative -rep / -bet, wanda ke nuna asalin wurin, kamar yadda yake cikin (3), da sauransu. == Kalmomi == Loukotka shekarar (1968) ya jera waɗannan mahimman ƙamus na Leco.<ref>https://archive.org/details/classificationof0007louk</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} reyvlqe7vrtn4up0p779pofe3r5vxx6 0 72740 826240 387309 2026-04-25T13:05:06Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826240 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Marie Clémentine Dusabejambo''' (an haife ta a shekara ta 1987) 'yar fim ce ta Rwandan . == Rayuwa == An haifi Marie Clémentine Dusabejambo a [[Kigali]] a shekarar 1987 a [[Ruwanda|Rwanda]] . <ref name="Kagire">Linda M. Kagire, [https://www.newtimes.co.rw/entertainment/fespaco-nyirasafari-highlights FESPACO recap: Nyirasafari highlights government efforts to boost film industry], ''The New Times'', March 1, 2019.</ref> <ref name="Dia">Thierno I. Dia, [http://www.africine.org/?menu=fiche&no=32417 Dusabejambo Clémentine]{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, africine.org, May 7, 2019.</ref> horar da ita a matsayin [[injiniya]] lantarki da [[sadarwa]]. Fim din Dusabejambo ''[[Lyiza (fim)|Lyiza]]'' ya lashe lambar yabo ta tagulla ta Tanit a bikin fina-finai na Carthage a shekarar 2012. <ref name="Kagire"/> Fim dint<ref name="Toronto">Moses Opobo, [https://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/read/207804 Rwandan film selected for Toronto Black Film Festival], ''[[The New Times (Rwanda)|The New Times]]'', February 8, 2017.</ref> mai suna A Place for Myself (2016) ya ba da labarin wata yarinya yarinya ta Rwandan da ke fama da cutar [[Zabaya|albinism]], wacce ke gwagwarmaya a fuskar nuna bambanci da kunya a [[Makarantar Firamare|makarantar firamare]]. Dusabejambo <ref>Stephanie Jason, [https://mg.co.za/article/2017-03-24-00-the-rise-of-rwandas-women-filmmakers The rise of Rwanda's women filmmakers], ''[[Mail & Guardian]]'', March 24, 2017.</ref> zama mai sha'awar batun bayan ya ji rahotanni na labarai game da kisan gillar 2007-2008 na mutanen da ke fama da cutar albinism a [[Tanzaniya|Tanzania]]. Fim din <ref name="OnScooping">Moses Opobo, [https://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/read/208808 Dusabejambo on scooping Thomas Sankara Prize at FESPACO], ''The New Times'', March 12, 2017.</ref> fara ne a Goethe Institut a Kigali, [1] kuma an nuna shi a bikin fina-finai na Toronto Black Film na 2017. <ref name="Toronto" /> <ref name="OnScooping" /> sami kyaututtuka uku, ciki har da lambar yabo ta Ousmane Sembène, a bikin fina-finai na kasa da kasa na Zanzibar (ZIFF), <ref name="Kagire" /> kuma ya lashe lambar yabo ta tagulla ta Tanit a bikin fina'a na Carthage a shekarar 2016. <ref name="OnScooping" /><ref>Moses Opobo, [https://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/read/208671 Rwandan film scoops two prestigious awards at FESPACO], ''The New Times'', March 8, 2017.</ref><ref name="Iribagazia">Glory Iribagazia, [https://www.newtimes.co.rw/entertainment/rwandan-film-nominated-eight-amaa-awards Rwandan film nominated for eight AMAA awards], ''The New Times'', September 21, 2019.</ref> kuma zaba ta don Mafi kyawun gajeren fim a 2017 Africa Movie Academy Awards, [1] kuma ta lashe kyautar [[Thomas Sankara]] a 2017 [[Panafrican Film and Television Festival of Ouagadougou|FESPACO]]. [2] [3] <ref>Moses Opobo, [https://www.newtimes.co.rw/lifestyle/rwandan-movies-nominated-ziff-2018-awards Rwandan movies nominated for ZIFF 2018 awards], ''The New Times'', July 10, 2018.</ref>''Icyasha'' (2018) yana mai da hankali kan wani yaro mai shekaru 12, wanda ke son shiga Ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta unguwa amma ana zalunta shi saboda kasancewa mata. <ref>Moses Opobo, [https://www.newtimes.co.rw/entertainment/three-rwandan-films-competition-carthage-film-festival Three Rwandan films in competition at Carthage Film Festival], ''The New Times'', November 6, 2018.</ref> zabi shi don Mafi Kyawun Fim a ZIFF 2018, [1] a cikin gajeren fina-finai a Carthage Film Festival, <ref name="Iribagazia"/> da kuma Mafi Kyawun Gajeren fim a 2019 Africa Movie Academy Awards. <ref name="Dia"/> lashe Golden Zébu don gajeren fim na Panafrican a Rencontres du Film Court Madagascar 2019 . [1] == Fina-finai == * ''[[Lyiza (fim)|Lyiza]]'', 2011 * ''Bayan Kalmar'', 2013 * ''Wuri don kaina'', 2016 * ''Icyasha'' / Etiquette, 2018 == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1987]] [[Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] be6cbk8vdf6nxbubv9ythe8rkd3odaz 0 73041 826238 723437 2026-04-25T12:48:27Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826238 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Clement Ashiteye''' wanda aka fi sani da '''Clemento Suarez''', ɗan wasan barkwanci ne kuma [[Ɗan wasa|ɗan wasan kwaikwayo]] [[Ghana|ɗan Ghana]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ghanaweekend.com/2019/05/28/5-things-you-didnt-know-about-comic-actor-clemento-suarez/|title=5 things you didn't know about comic actor Clemento Suarez|date=2019-05-28|website=Ghana Weekend|language=en-US|access-date=2019-10-12}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == [[Fayil:Clemento Suarez at the Voice of America studios.png|thumb|Clemento Suarez]] Karatunsa na jami'a ya kasance a Makarantar koyar da fasaha a Jami'ar Ghana da ke Legon inda ya kammala a shekarar 2010.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/entertainment/showbiz-news/clemento-suarez-comedy-makes-me-feel-like-superman.html|title=Clemento Suarez: Comedy makes me feel like superman|date=2018-05-04|website=Graphic Online|language=en-gb|access-date=2019-10-12}}</ref> == Sana'a == Bayan nazarin masana'antar, Clemento Suarez ya fara aikin sana'a a shekarar 2011 ta hanyar yin aikin da ba a biya ba. Daga baya ya yanke shawarar zama kwararren ɗan wasan barkwanci. Clemento ya yi aiki tare da daraktoci masu ƙirƙira irin su Latif Abubakar, kuma ya fito a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na Ghana Kejetia vs Makola.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Clemento-Suarez-is-a-great-comic-actor-Jon-Benjamin-533961|title=Clemento Suarez is a great comic actor – Jon Benjamin|website=www.ghanaweb.com|language=en|access-date=2019-10-12|archive-date=2019-10-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191012115938/https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Clemento-Suarez-is-a-great-comic-actor-Jon-Benjamin-533961|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ghbase.com/i-am-not-the-best-comedian-in-ghana-because-there-are-others-ahead-of-me-clemento-suarez-reveals/|title=I Am Not The Best Comedian In Ghana Because There Are Others Ahead Of Me - Clemento Suarez Reveals » GhBase•com™|date=2019-08-05|website=GhBase•com™|language=en-US|access-date=2019-10-12|archive-date=2019-10-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191012115935/https://www.ghbase.com/i-am-not-the-best-comedian-in-ghana-because-there-are-others-ahead-of-me-clemento-suarez-reveals/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ya shirya bugu na uku na Kyautar Kiɗa na 3 Music tare da [[O. B. Amponsah|OB Amponsah]] wanda shine wasan kwaikwayo na kyauta na farko da aka shirya a Ghana yayin lokacin kulle-kulle saboda [[Annobar cutar Covid-19 a Ghana|COVID-19]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=OB Amponsah and Clemento Suarez to co-host 3rd edition of 3Music Awards Virtual Show - Society Watch Entertainment|url=https://societywatch.net/ob-amponsah-and-clemento-suarez-to-co-host-3rd-edition-of-3music-awards-virtual-show/|last=DEXTRO|first=Kwamina|date=2020-04-30|website=Society Watch|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-03|archive-date=2021-11-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116020346/https://societywatch.net/ob-amponsah-and-clemento-suarez-to-co-host-3rd-edition-of-3music-awards-virtual-show/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=As it happened: 2020 edition of 3Music Awards|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/entertainment/music/live-updates-2020-edition-of-3music-awards-underway/|date=2020-05-02|website=MyJoyOnline.com|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-03}}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Masu shirya kyaututtukan mata na Ghana (GOWA) sun naɗa shi tare da Gladys Owiredu a matsayin masu shirya bikin bayar da kyaututtukan mata na Ghana na bana (2021).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Clemento Suarez, Gladys Owiredu to host GOWA 2021 - MyJoyOnline.com|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/clemento-suarez-gladys-owiredu-to-host-gowa-2021/|access-date=2021-10-18|website=www.myjoyonline.com|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Otchere|first=Gertrude Owireduwaah|date=2021-09-27|title=Clemento Suarez, Gladys Owiredu to host GOWA 2021|url=https://www.adomonline.com/clemento-suarez-gladys-owiredu-to-host-gowa-2021/|access-date=2021-10-18|website=Adomonline.com|language=en-US}}</ref> == Filmography == * Gallery of Comedy * Thank for Idiots * Romantic Nonsense * Sweet Dreams & Nightmares * What Can Come Can Come * Flagstaff House * Mallams & Pastors * I Can't Think Far<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://citifmonline.com/2016/11/i-cant-think-far-play-premiers-from-sunday-nov-6/|title=‘I can’t think far’ play premiers from Sunday Nov. 6|date=2016-11-04|website=Citi 97.3 FM - Relevant Radio. Always|language=en-US|access-date=2020-01-25|archive-date=2020-01-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200125150308/http://citifmonline.com/2016/11/i-cant-think-far-play-premiers-from-sunday-nov-6/|url-status=dead}}</ref> * Dinner For Promotion * Blue Back * Prison Graduates * Ama 2G * Ladder * [[Keteke]]<ref>{{Citation|title=Keteke|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt7613260/|access-date=2020-04-28}}</ref> * You Play Me * I Play You * Bukom * Upstairs & Downstairs * The Inspection * Master and 3 Maids * Yellow Café and Wofa Kay * Royal Diadem * [[Kejetia vs Makola]] * 3 idiots and a wiseman * Accra We Dey == Kyauta == {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" !Shekara ! Kyauta ! Jiki ! Sakamako |- | 2017 | Mafi kyawun Jarumin Barkwanci | GH Comedy Awards | {{Won}} |- | 2019 | Mafi kyawun barkwanci | Fashion & Rayuwa Ghana | {{Won}} |- | 2019 | Mafi kyawun barkwanci | GH Entertainment Awards Amurka | {{Won}} |- | 2019 | Mafi kyawun ɗan wasan barkwanci na maza | GH Actors & Entertainment Awards | {{Won}} |- | 2020 | Gwarzon Nishadantarwa | Kyautar EMY | {{Won}} |- | 2021 | Shahararriyar Barkwanci Na Shekara | Bugu na 2 na Kyautar Barkwanci da Waka | Nasara |} == Rayuwa ta sirri == Clemento Suarez ya auri budurwarsa Sylvia Bioh a ranar 24 ga watan Oktoba, 2020. == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * Clemento Suarez on Instagram * {{IMDb name|nm9406060}} == Manazarta == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] gfwvk8yu3btjt6kvkpkdwdk7acdnh3u 0 73140 826600 388815 2026-04-26T08:23:55Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826600 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ebenezer Donkor''', wanda aka fi sani da '''Katawere''' (1938 - 12 Nuwamba 2016), ɗan wasan Ghana ne wanda aka fi sani da rawar da ya taka a cikin shirin talabijin na Ghana ''[[Efiewura]]''.<ref name=myjoy>{{cite web|url=http://www.myjoyonline.com/entertainment/2016/November-14th/veteran-actor-katawere-has-died.php|title=Veteran actor Katawere has died|website=Myjoyonline.com|author=Ernest Dela Aglanu|date=14 November 2016|access-date=16 December 2016|archive-date=10 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181110235953/http://www.myjoyonline.com/entertainment/2016/November-14th/veteran-actor-katawere-has-died.php|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://buzzghana.com/actor-katawere-dead/|title=Veteran Actor Katawere Is Dead|website=BuzzGhana|author=Peace Ezebuiro|date=14 November 2016|access-date=16 December 2016}}</ref> == Sana'a == Donkor ya kasance a cikin aikin wasan kwaikwayo sama da shekaru talatin, wanda ya kasance a matsayin tauraro a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin da yawa a cikin shekarun 1990s. Ya fito a cikin Ghana Commercial Bank advert a cikin shekarar 1990s.<ref name=ngyab>{{cite web|url=http://www.ngyab.com/2016/11/oh-no-popular-ghanaian-actor-ebenezer-donkor-katawaere-dead/|title=Oh No! Popular Ghanaian Actor, Ebenezer Donkor "Katawaere" Is Dead|website=NGYAB|date=14 November 2016|access-date=16 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220190011/http://www.ngyab.com/2016/11/oh-no-popular-ghanaian-actor-ebenezer-donkor-katawaere-dead/|archive-date=20 December 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ya kuma fito a fina-finan [[Sinima na Ghana|Kumawood]] sama da ashirin. Donkor ya mutu a ranar 14 ga watan Nuwamba 2016 a asibitin Opoku Ware da ke [[Cantonments, Accra]], bayan ya yi fama da rashin lafiya da ba a bayyana ba tsawon shekaru biyu da suka gabata.<ref name=myjoy /><ref name=ngyab /> == Filmography == === A matsayin ɗan wasan kwaikwayo === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Take ! class="unsortable" | Bayanan kula |- | 2009 | ''Ananse (Spider-Man) Kashi na 1 da 2'' | Fim ɗin kai tsaye zuwa bidiyo |- |- | 2010-16 | ''Efiewura'' | Jerin Talabijan |- | 2010 | ''[[2016 (Fim)|2016]]'' | Fim ɗin kai tsaye zuwa bidiyo |- | 2011 | ''12:00 Part 1'' | Fim ɗin kai tsaye zuwa bidiyo |- | 2011 | ''Masquerades'' | Fim |- | 2012 | ''b'' ''14? 1'' | Fim ɗin kai tsaye zuwa bidiyo |- | 2013 | ''C4: Lambar Kudi da Mutuwa'' | Fim ɗin kai tsaye zuwa bidiyo |- | 2013 | 13:30 Kaba Church Part 1 da 2 | Fim ɗin kai tsaye zuwa bidiyo |- | 2015 | ''Tarihi na Odumkrom: Shugaban makarantar'' | Fim |- |} == Manazarta == [[Category:Haifaffun 1938]] rg0j8e6nowdmmdeopu93qqgkbuflx14 0 75816 826376 403040 2026-04-26T00:26:56Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826376 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Disebo Mametja''' ƙwararriyar ƴar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ce ta Afirka ta Kudu wacce ta taka rawar gani a wasan gaba ga ƙungiyar mata ta Afirka ta Kudu . == Aikin kulob == === UJ Ladies FC === Mametja tana cikin tawagar UJ Ladies FC da ta lashe kofin gasar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Varsity a shekarar 2013. Ta zura kwallaye biyu a wasan da ta doke TUT Ladies FC da ci 6-0 kuma ta lashe gwarzon dan wasan a wasan karshe. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-09-19 |title=UJ women score Varsity Football crown |url=https://yoursport.co.za/uj-women-score-varsity-football-crown/ |access-date=2024-03-10 |website=YourSport |language=en-US |archive-date=2024-03-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240310191211/https://yoursport.co.za/uj-women-score-varsity-football-crown/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> === Gyori ETO Mata === A cikin Satumba 2015, ta sanya hannu kan kwangilar shekaru biyu tare da Női NB I gefen Gyori ETO Mata. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Qina |first=Masebe |title=Amanda Sister And Disebo Mametja Heading To Hungary |url=https://www.snl24.com/soccerladuma/local/amanda-sister-and-disebo-mametja-heading-to-hungary-20150908 |access-date=2024-03-10 |website=Soccer Laduma |language=en-US}}</ref> == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == A watan Yulin shekarar 2006, ta fafata a kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mata ta Afrika ta Kudu a gasar neman gurbin shiga gasar cin kofin mata ta Afrika ta 2006 da [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Mata ta Tanzaniya|Tanzania]], kuma ta ci kwallo a wasan da suka tashi 7-0 wanda ya sa kungiyar ta samu tikitin shiga gasar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-08-05 |title=Banyana qualify for African Women’s Championship |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2006-08-05-banyana-qualify-for-african-womens-championship/ |access-date=2024-03-10 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> Ta kuma zura kwallo a ragar [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Mata ta Namibiya|Namibiya]] a wasan sada zumunci da ta doke Namibia da ci 2-1 . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Etheridge |first=Mark |date=2014-07-06 |title=Smeda, Mametja see Banyana home |url=https://www.teamsa.co.za/smeda-mametja-see-banyana-home/ |access-date=2024-03-10 |website=TeamSA |language=en-US}}</ref> == Girmamawa == '''Kulob''' '''UJ Ladies FC''' Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Varsity: 2013 == Manazarta == 5bxdy938fn8h4jcv9kv3x6knnkxk9o6 0 75829 826415 552007 2026-04-26T05:38:44Z Nura Bello 24854 826415 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Rita Atik,'''(an haife ta ne a 22 ga Oktoba ashekarar 1997 a [[Kasabalanka|Casablanca]]) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rita Atik |url=https://www.fedcup.com/en/players/player.aspx?id=800345782 |access-date=2019-12-22 |website=fedcup.com |publisher=[[Fed Cup]] }}{{Dead link|date=April 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> tsohuwar 'yar wasan [[Tennis]] ce ta Maroko. A shekara ta 2013, ita ce babbar 'yar wasan Morocco (zagaye na 16) ga' yan mata a Mediterranée Avenir.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.middle-east-online.com/english/?id=58820 |title=Talented Serbian Milojevic wins "Mediterranee Avenir" in Casablanca: |publisher=Middle East Online |date=2013-05-18 |accessdate=2016-07-21 |archive-date=2016-08-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160820082600/http://www.middle-east-online.com/english/?id=58820 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ta yi gasa sau da yawa a cikin babban zane na Grand Prix SAR La Princesse Lalla Meryem . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-04-22 |title=Tennis: la Marocaine Rita Atik tombe d'entrée à Marrakech &#124; H24info |url=http://www.h24info.ma/sport/football/maroc/tennis-la-marocaine-rita-atik-tombe-dentree-marrakech/22318 |access-date=2016-07-21 |publisher=H24info.ma |language=fr |archive-date=2016-09-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160916041826/http://www.h24info.ma/sport/football/maroc/tennis-la-marocaine-rita-atik-tombe-dentree-marrakech/22318 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Sportal |date=2015-04-27 |title=Tennis &#124; Grand Prix de SAR La Princesse Lalla Meryem: Anna Karolína Schmiedlova avoids upset |url=http://www.sportal.co.nz/tennis/news/in-form-schmiedlova-avoids-marrakech-upset/1svnt8y1fyexs1c8dboxdn4brx |access-date=2016-07-21 |publisher=Sportal |archive-date=2016-08-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160818205816/http://www.sportal.co.nz/tennis/news/in-form-schmiedlova-avoids-marrakech-upset/1svnt8y1fyexs1c8dboxdn4brx |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Wasannin ƙarshe na ITF Junior == {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:85%;" width="15%" |Sashe na G1 |- bgcolor="#ADDFAD" |Sashe na G2 |- bgcolor="lightblue" |Sashe na G3 |- bgcolor="#ffecb2" |Sashe na G4 |- |Sashe na G5 |} === Ɗaiɗaiku (5-1) === {| class="sortable wikitable" style="font-size:97%" !Fitowa !Lamba !Kwanan wata !Gasa !Surface !Abokin hamayya !Nasara |- | style="background:#ffa07a;" |Runner-up |1. |25 February 2012 |[[Tlemcen]], Algeria |Clay |{{Flagicon|POL}} Katarzyna Pyka |1–6, 3–6 |- | bgcolor="98FB98" |Winner |2. |6 July 2012 |[[Kairo|Cairo]], Egypt |Clay |{{Flagicon|NAM}} [[Lesedi Sheya Jacobs]] |6–3, 3–6, 6–4 |- bgcolor="#ffecb2" | bgcolor="98FB98" |Winner |3. |23 June 2013 |Carthage, Tunisia |Clay |{{Flagicon|EGY}} Dina Hegab |6–0, 2–6, 6–3 |- bgcolor="#ffecb2" | bgcolor="98FB98" |Winner |4. |5 October 2013 |[[Rabat]], Morocco |Clay |{{Flagicon|EGY}} Anna Ureke |2–6, 6–2, 6–1 |- bgcolor="#ffecb2" | bgcolor="98FB98" |Winner |5. |25 October 2014 |Rabat, Morocco |Clay |{{Flagicon|ROU}} Selma Ștefania Cadar |6–1, 7–5 |- bgcolor="#ffecb2" | bgcolor="98FB98" |Winner |6. |1 November 2014 |Mohammedia, Morocco |Clay |{{Flagicon|NAM}} [[Lesedi Sheya Jacobs]] |6–2, 6–1 |} === Bibbiyu === === (3-4) === {| class="sortable wikitable" style="font-size:97%;" !Fitowa !Lamba !Kwanan wata !Gasa !Surface !Ɗan'uwa !Abokin hamayya !Nasars |- | bgcolor="98FB98" |Nasara |1. |3 March 2012 |[[Kasabalanka|Casablanca]], Morocco |Clay |{{Flagicon|MAR}} [[Lina Qostal]] |{{Flagicon|MAR}} Fatyha Berjane <br /><br /> {{Flagicon|MAR}} Intissar Rassif |6–1, 6–1 |- | bgcolor="98FB98" |Nasara |2. |6 July 2012 |[[Kairo|Cairo]], Misra |Clay |{{Flagicon|MAR}} Zaineb El Houari |{{Flagicon|CYP}} [[Mara Argyriou]] <br /><br /> {{Flagicon|BLR}} Alina Zubkova |6–2, 5–7 [10–5] |- bgcolor="#ffecb2" | style="background:#ffa07a;" |Ta biyu |3. |6 October 2012 |[[Rabat]], Morocco |Clay |{{Flagicon|MAR}} Fatyha Berjane |{{Flagicon|EGY}} Hana Mortagy <br /><br /> {{Flagicon|MAR}} [[Lina Qostal]] |6–3, 5–7 [10–12] |- bgcolor="#ffecb2" | style="background:#ffa07a;" |Ta biyu |4. |9 March 2013 |Casablanca, Morocco |Clay |{{Flagicon|MAR}} Zaineb El Houari |{{Flagicon|JPN}} Natsumi Okamoto <br /><br /> {{Flagicon|POL}} Katarzyna Pyka |5–7, 7–6⁽⁹⁾ [8–10] |- bgcolor="#ffecb2" | style="background:#ffa07a;" |Ta biyu |5. |5 October 2013 |Rabat, Morocco |Clay |{{Flagicon|MAR}} Zaineb El Houari |{{Flagicon|RSA}} Theresa Alison van Zyl <br /><br /> {{Flagicon|SVK}} Sandra Jamrichová |1–6, 4–6 |- bgcolor="#ffecb2" | style="background:#ffa07a;" |Ta biyu |6. |9 March 2013 |Casablanca, Morocco |Clay |{{Flagicon|MAR}} Lina Qostal |{{Flagicon|EGY}} [[Sandra Samir]] <br /><br /> {{Flagicon|EGY}} [[Mayar Sherif]] |0–6, 2–6 |- bgcolor="#ffecb2" | bgcolor="98FB98" |Nasara |7. |1 November 2014 |Mohammedia, Morocco |Clay |{{Flagicon|NAM}} [[Lesedi Sheya Jacobs]] |{{Flagicon|GER}} [[Jule Niemeier]] <br /><br /> {{Flagicon|GER}} Linda Puppendahl |6–4, 6–2 |} == Bayanan da aka ambata == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1997]] 50709dcerq97df3s1l9pivt5dtvb3ze 0 75832 826412 823977 2026-04-26T05:31:12Z Nura Bello 24854 826412 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Lamia Essaadi''' (an haife ta ne a ranar 3 ga Oktoba a Shekarun 1979) tsohuwar 'yar wasan [[Tennis]] ce ta Maroko. Essaadi tana da Matsayi na WTA na 469 a cikin mutane, wanda aka samu a ranar 30 ga Afrilu shekarun 2001, da kuma 398 a cikin ninki biyu, wanda aka kafa a ranar 9 ga Nuwamba na shekarun 1998. Ta lashe lambar yabo guda daya a kan ITF Women's Circuit . Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na WTA kawai ya zo ne a Grand Prix SAR La Princesse Lalla Meryem na 2008.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/tournament/fes/mar/2008/w-t4-mar-01a-2008/draws-and-results/|title=2008 Grand Prix SAR La Princesse Lalla Meryem Draw|publisher=www.itftennis.com}}</ref> Yana wasa ga tawagar Morocco Fed Cup, Essaadi yana da rikodin nasara-hasara na 3-0.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.billiejeankingcup.com/en/players/player.aspx?id=800198475|title=Lamia Essaadi|publisher=www.billiejeankingcup.com|access-date=2024-03-22|archive-date=2022-06-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220617044509/https://www.billiejeankingcup.com/en/players/player.aspx?id=800198475|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Wasanni na ITF == {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:85%; width:12%;" |Wasanni na $ 25,000 |- style="background:#f0f8ff;" |Wasanni na $ 10,000 |} === Singles: 3 (1 taken, 2 runner-ups) === {| class="sortable wikitable" !Sakamakon ! class="unsortable" |W-L !Ranar       !Gasar !Tier !Yankin da ke sama !Abokin hamayya ! class="unsortable" |Sakamakon |- | style="background:#ffa07a;" |Rashin |<small>0–1</small> |Mayu 2000 | style="background:#f0f8ff;" |ITF Caserta, Italiya | style="background:#f0f8ff;" |10,000 |Yumbu |[[María Emilia Salerni]]{{Flagicon|ARG}} |4–6, 1–6 |- | style="background:#98fb98;" |Nasara |<small>1–1</small> |Agusta 2008 | style="background:#f0f8ff;" |ITF Rabat, Morocco | style="background:#f0f8ff;" |10,000 |Yumbu |[[Lisa Sabino]]{{Flagicon|ITA}} |7–6⁽⁴⁾, 6–2 |- | style="background:#ffa07a;" |Rashin |<small>1–2</small> |Oktoba 2008 | style="background:#f0f8ff;" |ITF Vila Real na Santo António, Portugal | style="background:#f0f8ff;" |10,000 |Yumbu |[[Nadia Lalami]]{{Flagicon|MAR}} |1-2 da suka yi tsayayya. |} === Sau biyu: 1 (wanda ya zo na biyu) === {| class="sortable wikitable" !Sakamakon ! class="unsortable" |W-L !Ranar       !Gasar !Tier !Yankin da ke sama !Abokin hulɗa !Masu adawa ! class="unsortable" |Sakamakon |- | style="background:#ffa07a;" |Rashin |<small>0–1</small> |Nuwamba 1999 | style="background:#f0f8ff;" |ITF Ismailia, Misira | style="background:#f0f8ff;" |10,000 |Yumbu |[[Monique Le Sueur]]{{Flagicon|RSA}} |[[Sabina da Ponte]] [[Silvia Uríčková]]{{Flagicon|ITA}}<br />{{Flagicon|SVK}} |1–6, 2–6 |} == Kasancewar Fed Cup == === Ɗaiɗaiki === {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:97%" !Fitowa !Mataki !Ranar !Wurin da yake !A kan adawa !Yankin da ke sama !Abokin hamayya !W/L !Sakamakon |- bgcolor="#EBC2AF" | rowspan="3" |2008 Fed Cup Turai / Afirka Yankin rukuni na III | rowspan="3" |R/R |22 ga Afrilu 2008 | rowspan="3" |[[Yerevan]], Armenia |Misira | rowspan="3" |Yumbu |[[Aliaa Fakhry]]{{Flagicon|EGY}} | style="text-align:center; background:#98fb98;" |W |6–1, 6–2 |- bgcolor="#EBC2AF" |24 ga Afrilu 2008 |[[Kungiyar Moldova Fed Cup|Moldova]]{{Flagicon|MLD}} |[[Ecaterina Vasenina]]{{Flagicon|MLD}} | style="text-align:center; background:#98fb98;" |W |6–2, 6–1 |- bgcolor="#EBC2AF" |26 ga Afrilu 2008 |[[Kungiyar Fed Cup ta Finland|Finland]]{{Flagicon|FIN}} |[[Heini Salonen]]{{Flagicon|FIN}} | style="text-align:center; background:#98fb98;" |W |6–2, 6–3 |} == ITF Junior karshe == === Sau biyu (2-0) === {| class="sortable wikitable" style="font-size:97%" !Sakamakon ! class="unsortable" |W-L !Ranar !Gasar !Matsayi !Yankin da ke sama !Abokin hulɗa !Masu adawa ! class="unsortable" |Sakamakon |- | bgcolor="98FB98" |Wanda ya ci nasara |1–0 |Satumba 1995 |Giza, Misira |G5 |Da wuya |[[Habiba Ifrakh]]{{Flagicon|MAR}} |Birgit Krell Kati Wolner{{Flagicon|AUT}}<br />{{Flagicon|AUT}} |w/o |- | bgcolor="98FB98" |Wanda ya ci nasara |2–0 |Yuli 1996 |[[Kasabalanka|Casablanca]], Morocco |G5 |Da wuya |Meryem El Haddad{{Flagicon|MAR}} |Sara Abaza Nazly El Sawaf{{Flagicon|EGY}}<br />{{Flagicon|EGY}} |6–4, 3–6, 6–0 |} == Bayanan da aka ambata == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1979]] eo1ko9cx10b4yakngpnc1fjji09drw0 0 75838 826420 403189 2026-04-26T05:57:00Z Nura Bello 24854 826420 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Bahia Mouhtassine''' (an haife ta a ranar 23 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1979) tsohuwar 'yar wasan [[Tennis]] ce ta ƙasar [[Moroko|Maroko]]. Matsayinta mafi girma shine No.139, wanda aka samu a ranar 24 ga Yuni 2002. Ita ce 'yar wasa mafi girma daga Maroko. == Tarihin rayuwa == Mouhtassine ita ce 'yar wasan Maroko ta farko da ta fito a babban zane na Gasar Grand Slam . <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 May 2003 |title=Moroccan woman a first for Roland Garros |url=https://www.thestar.com.my/sport/other-sport/2003/05/26/moroccan-woman-a-first-for-roland-garros/ |website=[[The Star (Malaysia)|The Star]]}}</ref> Ta rasa a zagaye na farko na 2002 Australian Open da 2003 French Open ga Mutanen Espanya Anabel Medina Garrigues da Czech Zuzana Ondrášková, bi da bi. A cikin aikinta, Mouhtassine ta lashe lambar yabo ta mata goma sha ɗaya (11) ta ITF da kuma lambar yabo ta biyu tara. Ta kuma taka leda a yawancin abubuwan da suka faru na WTA Tour, ta lashe lambobin zinare shida a Wasannin Pan Arab da zinare daya a Wasannin Bahar Rum, wakiltar Morocco . Babban nasarar da Mouthassine ya samu ya kasance a Grand Prix SAR La Princesse Lalla Meryem a Casablanca a shekara ta 2004. Ta damu da na uku Katarina Srebotnik, wanda aka sanya shi a matsayi 183 sama da ita, a madaidaiciya. Ta kuma doke [[Sania Mirza]] a wasan karshe na ITF a Rabat a shekara ta 2004. Bahia ta yi ritaya bayan ta yi rashin nasara a zagaye na farko na 2007 Grand Prix SAR La Princesse Lalla Meryem zuwa Vania King . == Wasanni na ITF == {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:85%;" width="15%" |Wasanni na $ 100,000 |- style="background:#f7e98e;" |Gasar $ 75,000 |- style="background:#addfad;" |Wasanni na $ 50,000 |- style="background:lightblue;" |Wasanni na $ 25,000 |- style="background:#f0f8ff;" |Wasanni na $ 10,000 |} === Ɗaiɗaiku (11-8) === {| class="sortable wikitable" style="font-size:97%;" ! width="70" |Sakamakon ! width="30" |A'a. ! width="125" |Ranar ! width="130" |Gasar ! width="75" |Yankin da ke sama ! width="180" |Abokin hamayya ! class="unsortable" |Sakamakon |- | style="background:#98fb98;" |Wanda ya ci nasara |1. |3 ga Agusta 1997 |[[Rabat]], Maroko |Yumbu |Julia Carballal-Fernandez{{Flagicon|ESP}} |6–2, 6–0 |- | style="background:#98fb98;" |Wanda ya ci nasara |2. |26 ga Oktoba 1997 |Ceuta, Spain |Da wuya |[[Ana Salas Lozano]]{{Flagicon|ESP}} |6–2, 2–6, 7–5 |- | style="background:#98fb98;" |Wanda ya ci nasara |3. |17 ga Mayu 1998 |Tortosa, Spain |Yumbu |[[Patricia Aznar]]{{Flagicon|ESP}} |7–6, 6–2 |- | style="background:#ffa07a;" |Wanda ya zo na biyu |4. |1 ga Yuni 1998 |Ceuta, Spain |Yumbu |[[Gisela Riera]]{{Flagicon|ESP}} |5–7, 6–2, 2–6 |- | style="background:#98fb98;" |Wanda ya ci nasara |5. |26 ga Yulin 1998 |Rabat, Maroko |Yumbu |Nina Schwarz{{Flagicon|AUT}} |5–7, 6–1, 6–1 |- style="background:lightblue;" | bgcolor="FFA07A" |Wanda ya zo na biyu |6. |21 ga Satumba 1998 |[[Bukarest|Bucharest]], Romania |Yumbu |[[Anna Földényi]]{{Flagicon|HUN}} |4–6, 4–6 |- style="background:#f0f8ff;" | style="background:#98fb98;" |Wanda ya ci nasara |7. |30 ga Nuwamba 1998 |[[Kairo|Alkahira]], Misira |Yumbu |[[Nino Louarsabishvili]]{{Flagicon|GEO|1990}} |3–6, 6–3, 6–2 |- style="background:#f0f8ff;" | style="background:#98fb98;" |Wanda ya ci nasara |8. |1 ga Nuwamba 1999 |Ain Sukhna, Misira |Yumbu |[[Sandra Martinović]]{{Flagicon|BIH}} |1–6, 6–4, 6–0 |- style="background:#f0f8ff;" | style="background:#98fb98;" |Wanda ya ci nasara |9. |30 ga Afrilu 2000 |Talence, Faransa |Da wuya |[[Anne-Laure Heitz]]{{Flagicon|FRA}} |7–6^(7–4), 7–6^(7–2) |- style="background:lightblue;" | bgcolor="FFA07A" |Wanda ya zo na biyu |10. |28 ga Mayu 2000 |Guimarães, Portugal |Da wuya |[[Kira Nagy]]{{Flagicon|HUN}} |0–6, 7–5, 6–7^(4–7) |- style="background:lightblue;" | bgcolor="FFA07A" |Wanda ya zo na biyu |11. |1 ga Yulin 2001 |Fontanafredda, Italiya |Yumbu |[[Jelena Kostanić Tošić]]{{Flagicon|CRO}} |4–6, 3–6 |- style="background:lightblue;" | bgcolor="FFA07A" |Wanda ya zo na biyu |12. |30 ga Oktoba 2001 |[[Bolton]], Ingila |Hard (i) |[[Callens]]{{Flagicon|BEL}} |6–4, 4–6, 1–6 |- style="background:lightblue;" | style="background:#98fb98;" |Wanda ya ci nasara |13. |5 ga Nuwamba 2001 |Alkahira, Misira |Yumbu |[[Gabriela Voleková]]{{Flagicon|SVK}} |1–6, 6–3, 7–5 |- style="background:lightblue;" | style="background:#ffa07a;" |Wanda ya zo na biyu |14. |16 Yuni 2002 |Grado, Italiya |Yumbu |[[Edina Gallovits-Hall]]{{Flagicon|ROU}} |3–6, 3–6 |- style="background:#f0f8ff;" | style="background:#98fb98;" |Wanda ya ci nasara |15. |3 ga Afrilu 2004 |Rabat, Maroko |Yumbu |[[Sania Mirza]]{{Flagicon|IND}} |6–2, 7–5 |- style="background:lightblue;" | style="background:#98fb98;" |Wanda ya ci nasara |16. |18 ga Afrilu 2004 |Biarritz, Faransa |Yumbu |[[Laura Pous Tió]]{{Flagicon|FRA}} |6–4, 7–6(7–4)^(7–4) |- style="background:lightblue;" | style="background:#ffa07a;" |Wanda ya zo na biyu |17. |30 ga Mayu 2004 |Tongliao, kasar Sin |Da wuya |[[Li Na]]{{Flagicon|CHN}} |4–6, 6–2, 6–7^(5–7) |- style="background:lightblue;" | style="background:#ffa07a;" |Wanda ya zo na biyu |18. |15 ga watan Agusta 2004 |Martina Franca, Italiya |Da wuya |[[Timea Bacsinszky]]{{Flagicon|SUI}} |4–6, 4–6 |- style="background:lightblue;" | style="background:#98fb98;" |Wanda ya ci nasara |19. |5 ga Satumba 2004 |Maigida, Italiya |Yumbu |[[Michelle Gerards]]{{Flagicon|NED}} |6–1, 6–0 |} === Sau biyu (9-7) === {| class="sortable wikitable" style="font-size:97%;" !Sakamakon !A'a. !Ranar !Gasar !Yankin da ke sama !Abokin hulɗa !Masu adawa ! class="unsortable" |Sakamakon |- | style="background:#98fb98;" |Wanda ya ci nasara |1. |4 ga watan Agusta 1996 |Caserta, Italiya |Yumbu |Marielle Bruens{{Flagicon|NED}} |Inga Bertschmann [[Joana Pedroso]]{{Flagicon|GER}}<br />{{Flagicon|POR}} |6–4, 6–4 |- | style="background:#98fb98;" |Wanda ya ci nasara |2. |5 ga watan Agusta 1996 |Carthage, Tunisia |Yumbu |Marielle Bruens{{Flagicon|NED}} |Sandrine Bouilleau [[Selima Sfar]]{{Flagicon|FRA}}<br />{{Flagicon|TUN}} |w/o |- | style="background:#98fb98;" |Wanda ya ci nasara |3. |3 ga Agusta 1997 |Rabat, Maroko |Yumbu |Nadine van de Walle{{Flagicon|NED}} |Brigitte Loogen Lucy McDonald{{Flagicon|GER}}<br />{{Flagicon|GBR}} |6–3, 6–3 |- | bgcolor="98FB98" |Wanda ya ci nasara |4. |30 ga Nuwamba 1998 |Alkahira, Misira |Yumbu |Nino Louarsabishvili{{Flagicon|GEO|1990}} |Sabina da Ponte [[Nathalie Viérin]]{{Flagicon|ITA}}<br />{{Flagicon|ITA}} |7–5, 6–3 |- style="background:#f0f8ff;" | bgcolor="98FB98" |Wanda ya ci nasara |5. |7 ga Disamba 1998 |Ismailiya, Misira |Yumbu |Nino Louarsabishvili{{Flagicon|GEO|1990}} |[[Ljiljana Nanušević]] Gabriela Voleková{{Flagicon|FRY}}<br />{{Flagicon|SVK}} |6–3, 6–3 |- style="background:#f0f8ff;" | bgcolor="FFA07A" |Wanda ya zo na biyu |6. |1 ga Nuwamba 1999 |Ain Sukhna, Misira |Yumbu |Susanne Filipp{{Flagicon|AUT}} |Sabina da Ponte Silvia Uricková{{Flagicon|ITA}}<br />{{Flagicon|SVK}} |3–6, 5–7 |- style="background:lightblue;" | bgcolor="FFA07A" |Wanda ya zo na biyu |7. |4 Yuni 2001 |Galatina, Italiya |Yumbu |[[Andreea Ehritt-Vanc]]{{Flagicon|ROU}} |[[Vanessa Menga]] [[Dally Randriantefy]]{{Flagicon|BRA}}<br />{{Flagicon|MAD}} |6–3, 0–6, 5–7 |- style="background:lightblue;" | style="background:#98fb98;" |Wanda ya ci nasara |8. |30 ga Oktoba 2001 |Bolton, Ingila |Hard (i) |[[Maria Goloviznina]]{{Flagicon|RUS}} |[[Sandra Načuk]] [[Dragana Zarić]]{{Flagicon|SCG}}<br />{{Flagicon|SCG}} |6–4, 6–3 |- style="background:#f7e98e;" | style="background:#ffa07a;" |Wanda ya zo na biyu |9. |1 ga Afrilu 2002 |[[Dubai (birni)|Dubai]], Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa |Da wuya |[[Angelique Widjaja]]{{Flagicon|INA}} |Silk Noorlander [[Kirstin Freye]]{{Flagicon|NED}}<br />{{Flagicon|GER}} |2–6, 4–6 |- style="background:lightblue;" | style="background:#ffa07a;" |Wanda ya zo na biyu |10. |9 Yuni 2002 |Galatina, Italiya |Yumbu |[[Sylvia Plischke]]{{Flagicon|AUT}} |Edina Gallovits-Hall Andreea Ehritt-Vanc{{Flagicon|ROU}}<br />{{Flagicon|ROU}} |3–6, 2–6 |- style="background:lightblue;" | bgcolor="FFA07A" |Wanda ya zo na biyu |11. |8 Yuni 2003 |Galatina, Italiya |Yumbu |Andreea Ehritt-Vanc{{Flagicon|ROU}} |[[Arantxa Parra Santonja]] [[María Emilia Salerni]]{{Flagicon|ESP}}<br />{{Flagicon|ARG}} |0–6, 6–7^(6–8) |- style="background:lightblue;" | bgcolor="FFA07A" |Wanda ya zo na biyu |12. |5 ga Oktoba 2003 |Caserta, Italiya |Yumbu |[[Rosa María Andrés Rodríguez]]{{Flagicon|ESP}} |[[Maret Ani]] [[Giulia Casoni]]{{Flagicon|EST}}<br />{{Flagicon|ITA}} |5–7, 5–7 |- style="background:lightblue;" | style="background:#ffa07a;" |Wanda ya zo na biyu |13. |5 ga Disamba 2004 |Ra'anana, Isra'ila |Da wuya |[[İpek Şenoğlu]]<nowiki> about="#mwt67" class="flagicon" data-mw='{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"flagicon","href":"./Template:Flagicon"},"params":{"1":{"wt":"TUR"}},"i":0}}]}' data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" id="mwAdM" typeof="mw:Transclusion"></nowiki>[[File:Flag_of_Turkey.svg|link=Turkey|alt=Turkey|border|23x23px]] |[[Tzipora Obziler]] [[Shahar Pe'er]]{{Flagicon|ISR}}<br />{{Flagicon|ISR}} |3–6, 0–6 |- style="background:lightblue;" | style="background:#98fb98;" |Wanda ya ci nasara |14. |28 ga Mayu 2005 |Campobasso, Italiya |Yumbu |Giulia Casoni<span about="#mwt70" class="flagicon" data-mw='{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"flagicon","href":"./Template:Flagicon"},"params":{"1":{"wt":"ITA"}},"i":0}}]}<nowiki><a href="./Giulia_Casoni" id="mwAeU" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Giulia Casoni">Giulia Casoni-contents="true" id="mwAeQ" typeof="mw:Transclusion"></nowiki>[[File:Flag_of_Italy.svg|link=Italy|alt=Italy|border|23x23px]] |[[Katarina Kachlíková|Katarína Kachlíková]] [[Lenka Tvarošková]]{{Flagicon|SVK}}<br />{{Flagicon|SVK}} |6–0, 7–5 |- style="background:#f0f8ff;" | bgcolor="98FB98" |Wanda ya ci nasara |15. |12 ga Mayu 2006 |Rabat, Maroko |Yumbu |[[Emilie Bacquet]]{{Flagicon|FRA}} |[[Raluca Olaru]] [[María Fernanda Álvarez Terán]]{{Flagicon|ROU}}<br />{{Flagicon|BOL}} |w/o |- style="background:#f0f8ff;" | bgcolor="98FB98" |Wanda ya ci nasara |16. |4 ga Yuni 2006 |Tortosa, Spain |Yumbu |Emilie Bacquet{{Flagicon|FRA}} |[[Laura Thorpe]] Irene Rehberger Bescos{{Flagicon|FRA}}<br />{{Flagicon|ESP}} |1–6, 6–4, 7–6^(7–5) |} == Wakilin kasa == === Kofin Fed === Mouhtassine ta fara buga gasar cin Kofin Fed a Morocco a shekarar 1995, yayin da tawagar ke fafatawa a rukuni na biyu na Yankin Turai / Afirka, lokacin da take da shekaru 15 da kwanaki 259. ==== Kofin Fed ==== ===== Ɗaiɗaiku 6-1) ===== {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:97%" !Fitowa !Mataki !Ranar !Wurin da yake !A kan adawa !Yankin da ke sama !Abokin hamayya !W/L !Sakamakon |- style="background:#CCCCFF;" | rowspan="3" |1995 Fed Cup Turai / Afirka Yankin rukuni na II<br /> | rowspan="3" |Ruwa A |9 ga Mayu 1995 | rowspan="3" |[[Nairobi]], Kenya |[[Kungiyar Fed Cup ta Girka|Girka]]{{Flagicon|GRE}} | rowspan="3" |Yumbu |Christina Zachariadou | style="text-align:center; background:#ffa07a;" |L |2–6, 2–6 |- style="background:#CCCCFF;" |11 ga Mayu 1995 |[[Kungiyar Fed Cup ta Masar|Misira]]{{Flagicon|EGY}} |[[Shahira Tawfik]] | style="text-align:center; background:#98fb98;" |W |6–2, 7–5 |- style="background:#CCCCFF;" |12 ga Mayu 1995 |[[Kungiyar Fed Cup ta Tunisia|Tunisiya]]{{Flagicon|TUN}} |Selima Sfar | style="text-align:center; background:#98fb98;" |W |{{Abbr|w/o|walkover}} * |- style="background:#CCCCFF;" | rowspan="3" |1999 Fed Cup Turai / Afirka Yankin rukuni na II<br /> | rowspan="3" |Ruwa C |26 ga Afrilu 1999 | rowspan="3" |Murcia, Spain |[[Kungiyar Fed Cup ta Lithuania|Lithuania]]{{Flagicon|LTU}} | rowspan="3" |Yumbu |Galina Misiuriova | style="text-align:center; background:#98fb98;" |W |6–4, 6–3 |- style="background:#CCCCFF;" |28 ga Afrilu 1999 |[[Kungiyar Fed Cup ta Cyprus|Cyprus]]{{Flagicon|CYP}} |[[Stephanie Kamberi]] | style="text-align:center; background:#98fb98;" |W |6–1, 6–4 |- style="background:#CCCCFF;" |30 Afrilu 1999 |[[Kungiyar Estonia Fed Cup|Estonia]]{{Flagicon|EST}} |Ilona Poljakova | style="text-align:center; background:#98fb98;" |W |6–4, 6–7^(5–7), 6–1 |- style="background:#CCCCFF;" | rowspan="2" |2003 Fed Cup Turai / Afirka Yankin rukuni na II<br /> | rowspan="2" |Ruwa D |30 Afrilu 2003 | rowspan="2" |Estoril, Portugal |[[Kungiyar Malta Fed Cup|Malta]]{{Flagicon|MLT}} | rowspan="2" |Yumbu |[[Sarah Wetz]] | style="text-align:center; background:#98fb98;" |W |6–0, 6–0 |- style="background:#CCCCFF;" |1 ga Mayu 2003 |Lithuania{{Flagicon|LTU}} |Edita Liachovičiūtė | style="text-align:center; background:#98fb98;" |W |6–1, 7–6^(7–2) |} '''*''' Gudun tafiya ba ya ƙidaya a cikin tarihinta gaba ɗaya. ===== Sau biyu (7-6) ===== {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:97%" !Fitowa !Mataki !Ranar !Wurin da yake !A kan adawa !Yankin da ke sama !Abokin hulɗa !Masu adawa !W/L !Sakamakon |- style="background:#CCCCFF;" | rowspan="4" |1995 Fed Cup Turai / Afirka Yankin rukuni na II<br /> | rowspan="4" |Ruwa A |9 ga Mayu 1995 | rowspan="4" |[[Nairobi]], Kenya |[[Kungiyar Fed Cup ta Girka|Girka]]{{Flagicon|GRE}} | rowspan="4" |Yumbu |[[Lamia Alami]] |Christína Papadáki Christina Zachariadou<br /> | style="text-align:center; background:#ffa07a;" |L |6–7^(4–7), 1–6 |- style="background:#CCCCFF;" |10 ga Mayu 1995 |[[Kungiyar Norway Fed Cup|Norway]]{{Flagicon|NOR}} |[[Habiba Ifrakh]] |Mette Sigmundstad [[Molly Ulvin]]<br /> | style="text-align:center; background:#ffa07a;" |L |5–7, 6–7^(3–7) |- style="background:#CCCCFF;" |11 ga Mayu 1995 |[[Kungiyar Fed Cup ta Masar|Misira]]{{Flagicon|EGY}} |[[Lamia Alami]] |[[Mehry Shawki]] [[Shahira Tawfik]]<br /> | style="text-align:center; background:#98fb98;" |W |6–1, 6–0 |- style="background:#CCCCFF;" |12 ga Mayu 1995 |[[Kungiyar Fed Cup ta Tunisia|Tunisiya]]{{Flagicon|TUN}} |[[Habiba Ifrakh]] |[[Imen Ben Larbi]] Selima Sfar<br /> | style="text-align:center; background:#98fb98;" |W |{{Abbr|w/o|walkover}} * |- style="background:#CCCCFF;" | rowspan="3" |1999 Fed Cup Turai / Afirka Yankin rukuni na II<br /> | rowspan="3" |Ruwa C |26 ga Afrilu 1999 | rowspan="3" |Murcia, Spain |[[Kungiyar Fed Cup ta Lithuania|Lithuania]]{{Flagicon|LTU}} | rowspan="3" |Yumbu | rowspan="3" |[[Meryem El Haddad]] |Edita Liachovičiūtė Galina Misiuriova<br /> | style="text-align:center; background:#98fb98;" |W |1–6, 6–2, 6–3 |- style="background:#CCCCFF;" |29 ga Afrilu 1999 |[[Kungiyar Kenya Fed Cup|Kenya]]{{Flagicon|KEN}} |[[Florence Mbugua]] [[Evelyn Otula]]<br /> | style="text-align:center; background:#98fb98;" |W |6–0, 6–0 |- style="background:#CCCCFF;" |30 Afrilu 1999 |[[Kungiyar Estonia Fed Cup|Estonia]]{{Flagicon|EST}} |Maret Ani Liina Suurvarik<br /> | style="text-align:center; background:#98fb98;" |W |6–3, 2–6, 6–1 |- style="background:#CCCCFF;" | rowspan="2" |2003 Fed Cup Turai / Afirka Yankin rukuni na II<br /> | rowspan="2" |Ruwa D |30 Afrilu 2003 | rowspan="2" |Estoril, Portugal |[[Kungiyar Malta Fed Cup|Malta]]{{Flagicon|MLT}} | rowspan="2" |Yumbu |Mouna Sabri |[[Lisa Camenzuli]] [[Carol Cassar-Torreggiani]]<br /> | style="text-align:center; background:#ffa07a;" |L |6–4, 1–6, 3–6 |- style="background:#CCCCFF;" |1 ga Mayu 2003 |Lithuania{{Flagicon|LTU}} |[[Habiba Ifrakh]] |Edita Liachovičiūtė Lina Stančiūtė<br /> | style="text-align:center; background:#ffa07a;" |L |4–6, 2–6 |- style="background:#CCCCFF;" | rowspan="5" |2012 Fed Cup Turai / Afirka Yankin rukuni na III<br /> | rowspan="4" |Ruwa A |17 ga Afrilu 2012 | rowspan="5" |[[Kairo|Alkahira]], Misira |Kenya{{Flagicon|KEN}} | rowspan="5" |Yumbu | rowspan="4" |[[Fatyha Berjane]] |[[Caroline Oduor]] [[Veronica Osogo Nabwire]]<br /> | style="text-align:center; background:#98fb98;" |W |6–1, 6–0 |- style="background:#CCCCFF;" |18 ga Afrilu 2012 |[[Kungiyar Fed Cup ta Ireland|Ireland]]{{Flagicon|IRL}} |[[Jennifer Claffey]] Lynsey McCullough<br /> | style="text-align:center; background:#ffa07a;" |L |7–6^(7–5), 5–7, 2–6 |- style="background:#CCCCFF;" |19 ga Afrilu 2012 |Malta{{Flagicon|MLT}} |[[Maria Giorgia Farrugia Sacco]] Elaine Genovese<br /> | style="text-align:center; background:#98fb98;" |W |6–1, 6–2 |- style="background:#CCCCFF;" |20 ga Afrilu 2012 |[[Kungiyar Armenia Fed Cup|Armenia]]{{Flagicon|ARM}} |Ani Amiraghyan Anna Movsisyan<br /> | style="text-align:center; background:#98fb98;" |W |7–6(7–5), 4–6, 6–1 |- style="background:#CCCCFF;" |<nowiki><abbr about="#mwt110" data-cx="[{&amp;quot;adapted&amp;quot;:true,&amp;quot;partial&amp;quot;:false,&amp;quot;targetExists&amp;quot;:true,&amp;quot;mandatoryTargetParams&amp;quot;:[],&amp;quot;optionalTargetParams&amp;quot;:[]}]" data-mw="{&amp;quot;parts&amp;quot;:[{&amp;quot;template&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;target&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Abbr&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;href&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;./Template:Abbr&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;params&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;PPO&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;2&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Promotional Play-off&amp;quot;}},&amp;quot;i&amp;quot;:0}}]}" data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" id="mwA1s" title="Promotional Play-off" typeof="mw:Transclusion mw:ExpandedAttrs">PPO</abbr></nowiki> |21 ga Afrilu 2012 |Lithuania{{Flagicon|LTU}} |[[Fatima El Allami]] |Justina Mikulskytė Lina SLina Stančiūtė="mwA2Q"/> | style="text-align:center; background:#ffa07a;" |L |4–6, 5–7 |} '''*''' Gudun tafiya ba ya ƙidaya a cikin tarihinta gaba ɗaya. == Bayanan da aka ambata == [[Category:Haifaffun 1979]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] lmvgelp8o2eupg2am0xyvrk4cw7rwgu 0 76590 826248 618792 2026-04-25T14:01:04Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826248 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Constance Elizabeth Swaniker''' (an haife ta a ranar 30 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1973) ƴar Ghana ce mai zane-zane, malami, kuma ɗan kasuwa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-06-10 |title=Precision quality, mindset change major game changers for businesses – Constance Swaniker |url=https://citinewsroom.com/2022/06/precision-quality-mindset-change-major-game-changers-for-businesses-constance-swaniker/ |access-date=2022-06-24 |website=Citinewsroom - Comprehensive News in Ghana |language=en-US}}</ref> Ita ce ta kafa kuma Shugaba na Accent & Arts kuma ita ce ta kafa Cibiyar Zane da Fasaha (DTI) a [[Accra]].<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=2023-02-24 |title=We need to make vocational schools more attractive - Constance Swaniker - MyJoyOnline.com |url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/we-need-to-make-vocational-schools-more-attractive-constance-swaniker/ |access-date=2023-04-13 |website=www.myjoyonline.com |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Constance Swaniker |url=https://thehacsa.org/constance-swaniker/ |access-date=2022-06-24 |website=The HACSA |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-08-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220814034133/https://thehacsa.org/constance-swaniker/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Leadership |url=https://dtiafrica.com/leadership/ |access-date=2022-06-24 |website=Design & Technology Institute |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-08-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220817044342/https://dtiafrica.com/leadership/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Assimeku |first=Emmanuel |date=2022-03-10 |title=RING THE BELL FOR GENDER EQUALITY |url=https://gse.com.gh/ring-the-bell-for-gender-equality/ |access-date=2022-06-24 |website=Ghana Stock Exchange |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-05-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220527190328/https://gse.com.gh/ring-the-bell-for-gender-equality/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Haffar |first=Anis |author-link=Anis Haffar |date=2021-07-05 |title=Challenge for 21st Century industry in Ghana, Africa: Constance Swaniker on precision quality, technical skills |url=https://www.myghanalinks.com/index.php/all-sections/features/17900-challenge-for-21st-century-industry-in-ghana-africa-constance-swaniker-on-precision-quality-technical-skills |access-date=2022-06-24 |website=www.myghanalinks.com |language=en-gb }}{{Dead link|date=June 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Online |first=Volta |date=2021-02-01 |title=Graduates Urged to Venture into Job Creation Even as they Seek Jobs |url=https://voltaonlinegh.com/graduates-urged-venture-in-job-creation-even-as-they-seek-jobs/ |access-date=2022-06-24 |website=Volta Online |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=April 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Swaniker a ranar 30 ga watan Agusta 1973 a [[Accra]], [[Ghana]]. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2016-12-14 |title=Constance Elizabeth Swaniker {{!}} WEF |url=https://www.wef.org.in/constance-elizabeth-swaniker/,%20https://www.wef.org.in/constance-elizabeth-swaniker/ |access-date=2022-06-24 |language=en-US }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Constance Swaniker: Sculptures {{!}} Feather Of Me |url=https://featherofme.com/constance-swaniker-sculptures/ |access-date=2022-06-24 |website=featherofme.com }}{{Dead link|date=October 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Tana da wasu sassan karatunta na farko a [[Botswana]], [[Zimbabwe]], da [[Gambiya]]. Daga baya ta shiga Kwalejin Accra don karatun sakandare, inda ta sami takardar shaidarta ta A-Level a 1993. [1] Bayan karatun sakandare, ta shiga Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta [[Kwame Nkrumah]] don neman digiri na farko a fannin zane-zane, bayan haka ta kammala a shekarar 1999.<ref name=":0"/>[1][2]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Constance Swaniker, Ghana,Those Who Inspire, Book, Inspire, Mentor |url=https://www.thosewhoinspire.com/meet-the-ip/constance-swaniker/ |access-date=2022-06-24 |website=Those Who Inspire |language=en-US}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Yayinda yake a jami'a, Swaniker ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan koyo wanda ke ƙwarewa a aikin masassaƙa a Art Deco Ltd. <ref name=":2"/> Watanni shida bayan kammala karatunta daga Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Kwame Nkrumah, ta kafa Accents & Art Ltd kamfani ne na Ghana wanda ke samar da kayayyakin fasaha tare da ƙarfe, igiya da gilashi, kuma ya haɗa da Cibiyar Zane da Fasaha (DTI). <ref name=":2" /> <ref name=":0"/> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Murungi |first=Nelly |date=2019-04-18 |title=The journey so far: Constance Swaniker, CEO, Accents & Art |url=https://howwemadeitinafrica.com/the-journey-so-far-constance-swaniker-ceo-accents-art/63158/ |access-date=2022-04-30 |website=How we made it in Africa |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Constance Swaniker {{!}} 2017 Fellow |url=https://www.vitalvoices.org/fellow/constance-swaniker/ |access-date=2022-06-24 |website=Vital Voices |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Constance Swaniker |url=https://gsgii.org/contacts/constance-swaniker/ |access-date=2022-06-24 |website=GSG |language=en-GB |archive-date=2022-08-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220820031510/https://gsgii.org/contacts/constance-swaniker/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Expanding Financing for Small Businesses in Ghana through Improved Fin |url=https://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/NEWS_EXT_CONTENT/IFC_External_Corporate_Site/News+and+Events/News/Expanding_Financing_for_Small_Businesses_in_Ghana |access-date=2022-06-25 |website=www.ifc.org |language=en}}</ref> Ta hanyar haɗin gwiwa tare da jami'o'i kamar Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Kwame Nkrumah, Jami'ar Ashesi, Jami'an Fasaha ta Takoradi, da Jami'ar Fasaha ta Ho, Accent & Arts ta sami damar samar da horo da kwangila ga matasa sama da 600 tun daga shekara ta 2009. A watan Maris na shekara ta 2016, Swaniker ya kafa kuma ya zama babban jami'in zartarwa na Cibiyar Zane da Fasaha (DTI), <ref name=":4"/> <ref>{{Cite web |title=5 Young entrepreneurs receive $22,000 support |url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/5-young-entrepreneurs-receive-22-000-support.html |access-date=2022-06-24 |website=Graphic Online |language=en-gb}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Simpson |first=Tony |title=Let's change the narrative around technical and vocational education - DTI CEO |url=https://www.gna.org.gh/1.21254639 |access-date=2022-06-24 |website=www.gna.org.gh |language=en |archive-date=2022-06-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220625001408/https://www.gna.org.gh/1.21254639 |url-status=dead }}</ref> wata cibiyar ilimi da aka nufa don rufe gibin tsakanin ilimi da masana'antu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Let's change the narrative around technical and vocational education -DTI CEO – The Chronicle News Online |url=https://thechronicle.com.gh/lets-change-the-narrative-around-technical-and-vocational-education-dti-ceo/ |access-date=2022-06-24 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=GNA |title=Precision and quality, pre-requisite tools for producing excellent results - DTI |url=https://newsghana.com.gh/precision-and-quality-pre-requisite-tools-for-producing-excellent-results-dti/ |access-date=2022-06-25 |website=newsghana.com.gh/ |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-11-12 |title=Let's change the narrative around Technical and Vocational Education – DTI CEO |url=https://myrepubliconline.com/lets-change-the-narrative-around-technical-and-vocational-education-dti-ceo/ |access-date=2022-06-25 |website=Republic Media Online |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-10-21 |title=Develop core values to propel your businesses, artisans told |url=https://freedomradiogh.com/develop-core-values-to-propel-your-businesses-artisans-told/ |access-date=2022-06-25 |website=Freedom Radio GH Newsroom |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-06-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220625162727/https://freedomradiogh.com/develop-core-values-to-propel-your-businesses-artisans-told/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=":0"/><ref name=":1"/><ref>{{Cite web |last=Benghan |first=Bernard |last2=Connielove Mawutornyo Dzodzegbe |date=2021-11-12 |title=Provide roadmap on how to fix unemployment …Prof. Dodoo to tertiary institutions |url=https://www.ghanaiantimes.com.gh/provide-roadmap-on-how-to-fix-unemployment-prof-dodoo-to-tertiary-institutions/ |access-date=2022-06-24 |website=Ghanaian Times |language=en-US}}</ref> Mafarkinta shine ta yi amfani da labarinta ta karfafa mata da yawa su shiga ayyukan da aka ware don maza.<ref>{{Cite web |title=CONSTANCE SWANIKER - CONFIRMED SPEAKERS |url=https://www.sheroesforum.com/registrant_profile.cfm?CONSTANCE%20SWANIKER&registration_id=389 |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=www.sheroesforum.com}}</ref> == Ayyuka == An nuna ayyukan Swaniker a nune-nunen da yawa a Ghana da wajen Ghana. Sun hada da nune-nunen ta na farko; Passage of Discovery, wanda aka gudanar a Alliance of Artists Gallery. Taron ya gudana daga 22 ga Yuni zuwa 6 ga Yuli 2011. An kuma nuna ayyukanta a baje kolin Juxtaposed, Light & Darkness wanda aka gudanar a cikin gine-ginen Nike Arts da Al'adu a [[Najeriya]] daga 5 ga Nuwamba zuwa 14 ga Nuwamba 2011. A watan Maris na shekara ta 2015, an nuna ayyukanta a babban ofishin [[UNESCO]] a birnin [[Faris|Paris]]. <ref name=":0"/> == Daraja == Ayyukan Swaniker an san su a cikin gida da kuma duniya. A shekara ta 2010, ta kasance mai karɓar lambar yabo ta The Network Journal Africa 40 a ƙarƙashin 40 Achievement. A wannan shekarar, an amince da ita a matsayin mafi kyawun ɗan kasuwa ta hanyar shirin SME Innovation Award. A shekara ta 2013 an ba ta lambar yabo ta LISCO Be Your Dream Award, da kuma Metal Product of the Year Award. A wannan shekarar ita ce ta lashe lambar yabo ta Yankin Kasar Afirka a cikin Jagora da Gudanarwa. A cikin shekara ta 2014, kamfaninta, Accent and Arts ita ce Kamfanin Kasar da Yankin da ya lashe lambar yabo ta shekara.<ref name=":0"/> A shekara ta 2017 ta kasance mai karɓar Mata Mafi Tasiri a Afirka a Kasuwanci da Gwamnati, da kuma Kyautar Mata ta Kwarewa a lokacin lambobin yabo na masana'antu na Ghana. Ta sami wani lambar yabo ta Ghana Manufacturing a shekarar 2018. == Rayuwa ta mutum == Constance Swaniker mahaifiyar yara biyu ce (2). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Constance Elizabeth Swaniker - User Profile |url=https://agln.aspeninstitute.org/profile/5625 |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=AGLN - Aspen Global Leadership Network |language=en}}</ref> == Bayanan da aka ambata == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haifaffun 1973]] <references /> [[Category:Mutanan Ghana]] [[Category:Mawaka]] [[Category:Mata]] myp3s3aq1kgpip8wvvp95gegpvjxbdg 0 77109 826258 416535 2026-04-25T14:21:01Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826258 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Corinne Leclair''' (an Haife shi a ranar 24 ga watan Yuni a shekarar 1970) 'yar wasan ninkaya ce ta Mauritius wacce ta wakilci ƙasarta a Gasar Olympics ta bazara ta 1992 . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Corinne Leclair |url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/le/corinne-leclair-1.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418091452/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/le/corinne-leclair-1.html |archive-date=18 April 2020 |access-date=2 November 2017 |website=Olympics at Sports-Reference.com}}</ref> Leclair tana da shekaru goma sha ɗaya lokacin da ta fara ninkaya, kuma bayan shekaru huɗu kawai tana fafatawa a gasar 1985 na tsibirin tekun Indiya, an gudanar da wasannin a [[Moris|Mauritius]] amma 'yar shekara goma sha biyar ta yi fama da ƙwararrun mata, amma lokacinta ya zo da ita. ta fafata a 1990 a gasar Indian Ocean Island a [[Madagaskar|Madagascar]], inda a cikin wasanni bakwai da ta fafata a gasar ta lashe lambobin zinare shida da tagulla daya, zinarenta ya zo a cikin freestyle a tseren mita 100, 200, 400 da 800 tare da gwal na tawagar a cikin 4. x 100 medley da 4 x 100 relay freestyle. <ref name="bio">{{Cite web |title=When Corinne Leclair illuminated pools |url=http://www.5plus.mu/sport/natation-quand-corinne-leclair-illuminait-les-piscines |access-date=2 November 2017 |website=5plus.mu}}</ref> Leclair ya lashe lambar zinare guda daya da azurfa uku a gasar [[Wasannin Afirka na 1991|All-African Games na 1991]] . Leclair tana da shekaru 22 a duniya lokacin da ta wakilci [[Moris|Mauritius]] a gasar Olympics ta bazara a 1992 a [[Barcelona]], ta shiga wasanni hudu a cikin kwanaki uku, ta farko ita ce tseren mita 100, ta yi iyo a cikin 1: 00.95 kuma ta zo na uku a cikin zafi da 44th gaba ɗaya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Barcelona 1992: Swimming – Women's 100m Freestyle Finals |url=http://library.la84.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1992/1992s5.pdf |access-date=2 November 2017 |website=[[Barcelona 1992]] |publisher=[[LA84 Foundation]] |page=373 |format=[[PDF]]}}</ref> washegari ta yi gasar tseren mita 200 kuma ta kare a matsayi na 35. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Barcelona 1992: Swimming – Women's 200m Freestyle Heats |url=http://library.la84.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1992/1992s5.pdf |access-date=2 November 2017 |website=[[Barcelona 1992]] |publisher=[[LA84 Foundation]] |pages=373–374 |format=[[PDF]]}}</ref> A ranarta ta ƙarshe ta fafata a wasanni biyu, tseren tseren mita 400 inda ta sami mafi kyawun kammalawa a matsayi na 33, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Barcelona 1992: Swimming – Women's 400m Freestyle Heats |url=http://library.la84.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1992/1992s5.pdf |access-date=2 September 2017 |website=[[Barcelona 1992]] |publisher=[[LA84 Foundation]] |page=374 |format=[[PDF]]}}</ref> sannan ta 13th tare da abokan wasanta uku a cikin tseren tsere na mita 4 x 100, Leclair ya ninka mafi sauri a cikin ƙungiyar ta. . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Barcelona 1992: Swimming – Women's 4×100m Freestyle Relay Heats |url=http://library.la84.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1992/1992s5.pdf |access-date=5 September 2017 |website=[[Barcelona 1992]] |publisher=[[LA84 Foundation]] |page=382 |format=[[PDF]]}}</ref> Leclair ya lashe kyautar 'yar wasan motsa jiki ta Mauritian a shekara ta 1990 da 1991 kuma har yanzu ita ce dan wasan ninkaya daya tilo da ya lashe kyautar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Winners of National Sport Award |url=http://www.mauritiussportscouncil.com/English/All%20Awards/Winners%20of%20National%20Sports%20Award/Pages/Winners-of-National-Sport-Award-.aspx |access-date=2 November 2017 |website=mauritiussportscouncil.com }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A cikin 2013 Leclair ya yi aure kuma ya ƙaura zuwa Amurka, inda akwai malamin wasan ninkaya da ƙwararriyar Red Cross Lifeguard ta Amurka. == Magana == [[Category:Haifaffun 1970]] [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] 32kkx05cr2k4copxni00k49nl8enez5 0 77311 826269 635083 2026-04-25T16:31:27Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826269 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Gyara mukala}} [[File:Daintree_Rainforest.JPG |thumb|Dajin Daintree ]] dazuzzuka ne da ke da alamun rufewa da ci gaba da bishiyoyi, tsire-tsire masu dogara da danshi, kasancewar epiphytes da lianas da rashin gobarar daji. Ana iya rarraba gandun daji gabaɗaya a matsayin gandun daji na wurare masu zafi ko gandun daji masu matsakaici, amma an bayyana wasu nau'ikan. [[File:Taman-Negara.jpg|thumb|Dajin ruwan sama]] Kimanin ya bambanta daga 40% zuwa 75% na dukkan nau'ikan halittu na asali ne ga gandun daji.<ref name="Variables">{{Cite web |title=Rainforests.net – Variables and Math |url=http://www.rainforests.net/variables.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081205135329/http://www.rainforests.net/variables.htm |archive-date=2008-12-05 |access-date=2009-01-04}}</ref> Akwai yiwuwar miliyoyin nau'ikan shuke-shuke, kwari da microorganisms har yanzu ba a gano su ba a cikin gandun daji na wurare masu zafi. An kira gandun daji na wurare masu zafi "kayan ado na Duniya" da kuma "mafi girman kantin magani a duniya", saboda an gano fiye da kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu na magunguna halitta a can.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2004-01-01 |title=Rainforests at Animal Center |url=http://www.animalcorner.co.uk/rainforests/rainforests.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120708045901/http://www.animalcorner.co.uk/rainforests/rainforests.html |archive-date=2012-07-08 |access-date=2012-08-26 |publisher=Animalcorner.co.uk}}</ref> dazuzzuka da nau'ikan gandun daji na musamman suna ɓacewa cikin sauri saboda lalacewar gandun daji, sakamakon asarar mazaunin da [[Gurbacewar Iska|gurɓataccen yanayi]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Impact of Deforestation – Extinction |url=http://rainforests.mongabay.com/0908.htm |access-date=2012-08-26 |publisher=Rainforests.mongabay.com}}</ref> [[Fayil:Killer Mountain Nanga Parbat Beyal Camp 1.jpg|thumb]] == Ma'anar == Ana nuna gandun daji ta hanyar rufewa da ci gaba da itace, zafi mai yawa, kasancewar ciyayi masu dogara da danshi, layin layin ganye, kasancewar epiphytes da lianas da rashin gobarar daji. Yankunan da suka fi girma a cikin gandun daji sune gandun daji na wurare masu zafi ko na matsakaici, amma an bayyana wasu ƙungiyoyin ciyayi ciki har da gandun daji mai zafi, gandun daji, gandun dajin girgije, bishiyar inabi har ma da gandun dabara mai bushe. <ref name="WTMA">{{Cite web |title=Rainforests |url=https://www.wettropics.gov.au/rainforest |access-date=9 July 2021 |publisher=Wet Tropics Management Authority}}</ref> <ref name="Qld.">{{Cite web |title=Rainforests |url=https://www.qld.gov.au/environment/plants-animals/habitats/rainforests |access-date=9 July 2021 |publisher=The State of Queensland}}</ref><ref name="OEH">{{Cite web |title=Rainforests |url=https://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/threatenedSpeciesApp/VegFormation.aspx?formationName=Rainforests |access-date=9 July 2021 |publisher=New South Wales Government Office of Environment and heritage}}</ref><ref name="dpipwe">{{Cite web |title=Dry Rainforest |url=https://dpipwe.tas.gov.au/conservation/conservation-on-private-land/bush-information-management/identify-your-bush-type/bush-with-a-tree-layer-made-up-of-trees-that-are-not-eucalypts/dry-rainforest |access-date=9 July 2021 |publisher=Tasmanian Government Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment |archive-date=9 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709183043/https://dpipwe.tas.gov.au/conservation/conservation-on-private-land/bush-information-management/identify-your-bush-type/bush-with-a-tree-layer-made-up-of-trees-that-are-not-eucalypts/dry-rainforest |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="NSW">{{Cite web |title=Western Sydney Dry Rainforest |url=https://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/resources/nature/EECinfoWesternSydneyDryRainforest.pdf |access-date=9 July 2021 |publisher=New South Wales Government Department of Planning, Industry and Environment}}</ref> === Dajin ruwan sama na wurare masu zafi === [[File:Koppen-Geiger_Map_Af_present.svg|thumb|Yankunan yanayi na gandun daji na duniya.]] Kudancin ruwan sama na wurare masu zafi suna da yanayin zafi da rigar ba tare da lokacin fari ba: yawanci ana samun su a cikin digiri 10 a arewa da kudu na ma'auni. Matsakaicin yanayin zafi na kowane wata ya wuce {{Convert|18|C|F}} ° C (64 ° F) a duk watanni na shekara. Matsakaicin [[Ruwan sama]] na shekara-shekara ba kasa da {{Convert|168|cm|in}} in) kuma yana iya wuce {{Convert|1000|cm|in}} cm (390 in) kodayake yawanci yana tsakanin {{Convert|175|cm|in}} in) da {{Convert|200|cm|in}} in). <ref name="Newman, Arnold 2002">Newman, Arnold. The Tropical Rainforest : A World Survey of Our Most Valuable Endangered Habitat : With a Blueprint for Its Survival. New York: Checkmark, 2002. Print.</ref> Yawancin gandun daji na wurare masu zafi na duniya suna da alaƙa da wurin da ake ciki, wanda aka fi sani da Yankin haɗuwa da wurare masu zafi. Ƙananan rukunin gandun daji masu zafi suna cikin Yankin equatorial tsakanin Tropic of Cancer da Tropic of Capricorn. Akwai gandun daji na wurare masu zafi a Kudu maso gabashin Asiya (daga [[Myanmar|Myanmar (Burma)]] ) zuwa [[Filipin|Philippines]], [[Maleshiya|Malaysia]], [[Indonesiya|Indonesia]], [[Sabuwar Gini Papuwa|Papua New Guinea]] da [[Sri Lanka]]; kuma a cikin Afirka ta Kudu daga [[Kamaru]] zuwa [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Kongo]] (Kongo Rainforest), Amurka ta Kudu (misali gandun daji ta Amazon), Amurka ta tsakiya (misali Bosawás, kudancin Yucatán Peninsula-El Peten-[[Belize]]-Calakmul), Australia, da kuma Tsibirin Pacific (kamar Hawaii'i'i). An kira gandun daji na wurare masu zafi " [[huhu]] na Duniya", kodayake yanzu an san cewa gandun daji suna ba da gudummawa kaɗan ga iskar oxygen ga [[Sararin Samaniya na Duniya|yanayi]] ta hanyar photosynthesis.<ref>Broeker, Wallace S. (2006). "Breathing easy: Et tu, O₂." Columbia University [http://www.columbia.edu/cu/21stC/issue-2.1/broecker.htm Columbia.edu]</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Moran |first=Emilio F. |year=1993 |title=Deforestation and land use in the Brazilian Amazon |journal=Human Ecology |volume=21 |pages=1–21 |doi=10.1007/BF00890069 |s2cid=153481315}}</ref> === Dajin ruwan sama mai matsakaici === [[File:Temperate_rainforest_map.svg|thumb|Rarrabawar gandun daji na matsakaicidazuzzuka masu zafi]] [[File:Rain_Forest_Walk_-_Pacific_Rim_National_Park_-_Vancouver_Island_BC_-_Canada_-_01.jpg|thumb|Kudancin ruwan sama a cikin Pacific Rim National Park Reserve a Kanada]] dazuzzuka masu zafi sun rufe babban bangare na duniya, amma gandun daji masu zafi suna faruwa ne kawai a wasu yankuna a duniya.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Link |first=Timothy E. |last2=Unsworth |first2=Mike |last3=Marks |first3=Danny |date=August 2004 |title=The dynamics of rainfall interception by a seasonal temperate rainforest |journal=Agricultural and Forest Meteorology |volume=124 |issue=3–4 |pages=171–191 |bibcode=2004AgFM..124..171L |doi=10.1016/j.agrformet.2004.01.010}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Cunningham |first=S. C. |last2=Read |first2=J. |date=January 2003 |title=Do temperate rainforest trees have a greater ability to acclimate to changing temperatures than tropical rainforest trees? |journal=New Phytologist |volume=157 |issue=1 |pages=55–64 |doi=10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00652.x |pmid=33873691 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}</ref> dazuzzuka masu zafi sune gandun daji a yankuna masu zafi. Suna faruwa a [[Amurka ta Arewa|Arewacin Amurka]] (a cikin Pacific Northwest a [[Alaska]], [[British Columbia]], [[Washington (jiha)|Washington]], [[Oregon]] da [[California]]), a [[Turai]] (wasu sassa na Tsibirin Burtaniya kamar yankunan bakin teku na Ireland da Scotland, kudancin Norway, sassa na yammacin Balkans tare da bakin tekun Adriatic, da kuma [[Galicia (Spain)|Galicia]] da yankunan bakin tekun gabashin Black Sea, gami da [[Georgia]] da bakin tekuna na [[Turkiyya]]), a Gabashin Asiya (a kudancin [[Chile]], Highlands na [[Taiwan]], da Koriya, da kuma Tsibirin Sakhalin da ke kusa da Gabashin Gabashin Gabas ta Tsakiya da Gabashin Rasha da Gabashin Amurka), a Gabas ta Kudu (Kudancin Rasha) <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Temperate Rainforest |url=http://www.marietta.edu/~biol/biomes/temprain.htm}}</ref> === Kyakkyawan gandun daji === Kyakkyawan gandun daji suna da shimfiɗa mai buɗewa fiye da sauran gandun daji, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Coleby-Williams |first=Jerry |date=2020 |title=Kumbartcho Dry Rainforest |url=https://www.abc.net.au/gardening/factsheets/kumbartcho-dry-rainforest/12828434 |access-date=6 May 2022 |website=Gardening Australia |publisher=ABC}}</ref> kuma ana samun su a yankunan da ke da ruwan sama mai yawa (630-1,100 in)). Gabaɗaya suna da nau'o'i biyu na bishiyoyi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2004 |title=Identification of Rainforest: Field Guide |url=https://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/resources/pnf/OGRFreviewFieldGuide.pdf |access-date=6 May 2022 |website=Department of Environment and Conservation |publisher=NSW Government}}</ref> == Layer == Kudancin ruwan sama na wurare masu zafi yawanci yana da yadudduka da yawa, kowannensu yana da tsire-tsire da dabbobi daban-daban da suka dace da rayuwa a wannan yanki. Misalan sun haɗa da fitowar, canopy, understory da kuma gandun daji.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Denslow |first=J S |date=November 1987 |title=Tropical Rainforest Gaps and Tree Species Diversity |journal=Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics |volume=18 |issue=1 |pages=431–451 |doi=10.1146/annurev.es.18.110187.002243}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Webb |first=Len |author-link=Leonard Webb (academic) |date=1 Oct 1959 |title=A Physiognomic Classification of Australian Rain Forests |journal=Journal of Ecology |publisher=British Ecological Society : Journal of Ecology Vol. 47, No. 3, pp. 551-570 |volume=47 |issue=3 |pages=551–570 |bibcode=1959JEcol..47..551W |doi=10.2307/2257290 |jstor=2257290}}</ref> === Layer mai fitowa === '''Layer mai '''fitowa'''''' ya ƙunshi ƙananan manyan bishiyoyi da ake kira emergent, waɗanda ke girma sama da rufin gaba ɗaya, suna kaiwa tsawo na 45-55 m, kodayake a wasu lokuta wasu nau'o'in zasu girma zuwa 70-80 m tsawo.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabah |url=http://www.nativetreesociety.org/worldtrees/sea_ei/malaysia/sabah2005.htm |access-date=2007-11-14 |publisher=Eastern Native Tree Society |archive-date=2008-02-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080228080143/http://www.nativetreesociety.org/worldtrees/sea_ei/malaysia/sabah2005.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> Suna buƙatar su iya tsayayya da yanayin zafi da iska mai ƙarfi da ke faruwa a sama da rufin a wasu yankuna. [[Mikiya|Eagles]], butterflies, bats da wasu [[Biri|birai]] suna zaune a wannan Layer. dpluzb3ha0hff5861hqvx3dmvhxy7r2 0 77879 826374 415711 2026-04-26T00:03:14Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826374 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Dina Lebo Phalula''' (an haife ta a ranar 9 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 1983) 'yar Afirka ta Kudu ce Mai tsere mai nisa wacce ta ƙware a cikin Marathon . <ref>{{World Athletics}}</ref> Ta yi gasa a gasar Marathon na mata a gasar Olympics ta 2016 . <ref name="Bio">{{Cite web |title=Dina Lebo Phalula |url=https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/dina-lebo-phalula |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160806071428/https://www.rio2016.com/en/athlete/dina-lebo-phalula |archive-date=6 August 2016 |access-date=15 August 2016 |website=Rio 2016}}</ref> Ta gama a matsayi na 63 tare da lokaci na 2:41:46.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rio 2016 |url=https://www.rio2016.com/en/athletics-standings-at-womens-marathon |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160826085412/https://www.rio2016.com/en/athletics-standings-at-womens-marathon |archive-date=26 August 2016 |access-date=29 August 2016 |website=Rio 2016}}</ref> Tana da tagwayen 'yar'uwa wacce ita ma 'yar wasa ce, mai suna Lebogang Phalula . <ref>Buthelezi, Mbongiseni (4 September 2019). [https://www.iol.co.za/sport/athletics/phalula-twins-aim-for-tokyo-via-cape-town-31817352 Phalula twins aim for Tokyo via Cape Town]. IOL. Retrieved 2021-01-23.</ref> Ta lashe lambar yabo ta mita 1500 a Gasar Cin Kofin Afirka ta Kudu ta 2005.<ref>[http://www.africathle.com/gb/perso/perf/042005.html South Africa championships, Durban 15-17/04] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240428194655/https://www.africathle.com/gb/perso/perf/042005.html |date=2024-04-28 }}. Africa Athle. Retrieved 23 January 2021.</ref> == Bayanan da aka ambata == [[Category:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Category:Haihuwan 1983]] iv0vahduz4cnogw31bx27fhu4taaqml 0 80345 826277 457373 2026-04-25T17:07:53Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826277 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Damakasuwa''' gari ne kuma garin ne hedikwatar masarautar Tsam ta al'ummar Atsam <ref name="KSG">{{Cite web |title=Ministry of Local Government Affairs |url=https://localgov.kdsg.gov.ng/?page_id=31 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115175652/https://localgov.kdsg.gov.ng/?page_id=31 |archive-date=January 15, 2021 |access-date=January 7, 2024 |publisher=Kaduna State Government}}</ref> a [[Kauru|karamar hukumar Kauru]] a kudancin [[Kaduna (jiha)|jihar Kaduna]] a yankin [[Tsakiyar Najeriya|Middle Belt]] a [[Najeriya]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Damakasuwa, Nigeria |url=https://nigeria.places-in-the-world.com/9412066-region2-damakasuwa.html |access-date=January 7, 2024 |publisher=Places in the World }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> 811, ita ce lambar gidan waya na yankin. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Post Offices - with map of LGA |url=http://www.nipost.gov.ng/PostCode.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091007011423/http://www.nipost.gov.ng/PostCode.aspx |archive-date=2009-10-07 |access-date=2024-01-07 |publisher=NIPOST}}</ref> Har wayau, garin ne cibiyar gundumar Damakasuwa ta Masarautar Tsam. <ref name="Verb">{{Cite web |title=ASPECTS OF THE MORPHOLOGY OF ATSAM LANGUAGE |url=https://iproject.com.ng/linguistics-and-communication/aspects-of-the-morphology-of-atsam-language/index.html |access-date=January 7, 2024 |website=Eduproject.com.ng}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * [[Jerin ƙauyuka a jihar Kaduna|Jerin kauyukan jihar Kaduna]] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Garuruwa a Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Jihar Kaduna]] m6ugfzb24e34tkitd258p5aax0unjcb 0 80420 826383 717621 2026-04-26T01:14:36Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826383 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Human Rights participant.jpg|thumb|Yanci yara ]] Dokar haƙƙin ɗan adam ta duniya ('''IHRL''') ita ce tsarin doka ta ƙasa da ƙasa wanda aka tsara don inganta haƙƙin ɗanɗano a matakin zamantakewa, yanki, da na cikin gida. A matsayin wani nau'i na dokar ƙasa da ƙasa, dokar kare haƙƙin ɗan adam ta ƙasa da ƙasa ta kunshi Yarjejeniyoyi, yarjejeniyoyi tsakanin ƙasashe masu zaman kansu da aka nufa don samun tasirin doka tsakanin bangarorin da suka amince da su; da kuma dokar kasa da ta al'ada. Sauran kayan aikin kare hakkin dan adam na kasa da kasa, yayin da ba su da doka, suna ba da gudummawa ga aiwatarwa, fahimta da ci gaban dokar kare haƙƙin ɗan Adam ta kasa da kasa kuma an san su a matsayin tushen wajibai na ''siyasa''.<ref>Human rights, A very short introduction replace this with a better reference later</ref> Dokar kare hakkin dan adam ta kasa da kasa, wacce ke jagorantar halin da wata jiha ke yi wa mutanenta a lokacin zaman lafiya ana ganinta a matsayin mai banbanci daga Dokar jin kai ta kasa da kasa wacce ke jagora da halin da wata Jiha ke yi a lokacin rikici, kodayake rassan biyu na doka suna da alaƙa kuma a wasu hanyoyi sun haɗu.<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 January 2015 |title=What is the difference between IHL and human rights law? |url=https://www.icrc.org/en/document/what-difference-between-ihl-and-human-rights-law |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231121104817/https://www.icrc.org/en/document/what-difference-between-ihl-and-human-rights-law |archive-date=Nov 21, 2023 |publisher=ICRC |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=29 October 2010 |title=IHL and human rights law |url=https://www.icrc.org/en/document/ihl-human-rights-law |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240214125734/https://www.icrc.org/en/document/ihl-human-rights-law |archive-date=Feb 14, 2024 |publisher=ICRC |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Koskenniemi |first=Martti |date=September 2002 |title=Fragmentation of International Law? Postmodern Anxieties |journal=Leiden Journal of International Law |volume=15 |issue=3 |pages=553–579 |doi=10.1017/S0922156502000262 |s2cid=146783448}}</ref> Wani hangen nesa ya bayyana cewa dokar jin kai ta kasa da kasa tana wakiltar aikin dokar kare hakkin dan adam ta kasa da Kasa; ya haɗa da ka'idojin gabaɗaya waɗanda ke aiki ga kowa a kowane lokaci da ka'idodin musamman waɗanda ke aiki da wasu yanayi kamar rikici tsakanin jihohi da aikin soja (watau IHL) ko wasu kungiyoyin mutane ciki har da 'yan gudun hijira (misali Yarjejeniyar 'Yancin Yara ta shekarar 1951), da fursunonin yaki (Yar Geneva ta Uku ta shekarar 1949). == Tsarin Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya. == Babban Taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya amince da Sanarwar Vienna da Shirin Aiki a cikin shekarar 1993, wanda aka kafa Babban Kwamishinan Majalisar Dinkinobho na 'Yancin Dan Adam. [[Fayil:International_Human_Rights_Day_2018_(45346105045).jpg|thumb|Ranar 'Yancin Dan Adam ta Duniya ta 2018 (45346105045) ]] A shekara ta 2006, an maye gurbin Hukumar Kare Haƙƙin ɗan Adam ta Majalisar ɗinkin Duniya da Majalisar Kare Haƙƙin dan Adam ta Majalisar don aiwatar da dokar kare haƙƙin ɗan adam ta duniya. Canje-canjen sun yi jagoranci game da ƙungiyar da aka tsara tare da buƙatar sake duba shari'o'in haƙƙin ɗan adam kowane shekaru huɗu. Manufar Ci Gaban Ci Gaban Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta 10, ta kuma yi niyya da inganta dokoki da manufofi don rage rashin daidaito.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Goal 10 targets |url=https://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sustainable-development-goals/goal-10-reduced-inequalities/targets.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127140337/https://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sustainable-development-goals/goal-10-reduced-inequalities/targets.html |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=2020-09-23 |website=UNDP |language=en}}</ref> === Sanarwar 'Yancin Dan Adam ta Duniya === [[Fayil:Eleanor_Roosevelt_UDHR.jpg|thumb|Eleanor Roosevelt UDHR]] Sanarwar Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) wata sanarwa ce ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya wacce ba ta haifar da dokar kare hakkin dan adam ta duniya ba. Yawancin malaman shari'a sun ambaci [[Gamayyar Sanarwa na Yancin Dan'adam|UDHR]] a matsayin shaida ta al'ada ta kasa da kasa. Fiye da haka, UDHR, ta zama mai ba da izini ga haƙƙin ɗan adam. Ya samar da tushe ga kayan aikin kare hakkin dan adam na kasa da kasa waɗanda suka samar da dokar kare hakkin dan Adam ta kasa da kasa. == Yarjejeniyar 'yancin Dan Adam ta Duniya. == Acikin shekara ta 1983 Baya ga karɓar Alkawari biyu masu yawa waɗanda suka zama wani ɓangare na Dokar 'Yancin Dan Adam ta Duniya (watau Alkawari na Duniya kan' Yancin Bil'adama da Siyasa da Alkawari ta Duniya kan' yancin Tattalin Arziki, Jama'a da Al'adu), an karɓi wasu yarjejeniyoyi a matakin duniya. Wadannan an san su da ''Kayan aikin kare hakkin dan adam''. Wasu daga cikin mafi mahimmanci sun hada da: == Kare yanki da cibiyoyi. == Tsarin yanki na dokar kare hakkin dan adam ta kasa da kasa ya kara da kuma karawa dokar kare hakkin bil'adama ta kasa da ta kasa ta hanyar karewa da inganta haƙƙin dan adam a takamaiman yankuna na duniya. Akwai mahimman kayan aikin haƙƙin ɗan adam guda uku waɗanda suka kafa dokar haƙƙin ɗanɗano a kan yanki: * [[Yarjejeniya Ta Afirka Kan Hakkokin Ɗan Adam da Jama'a|Yarjejeniyar Afirka kan 'Yancin Dan Adam da Jama'a]] don Afirka ta shekarar 1981, tana aiki tun 1986; * Yarjejeniyar Amurka kan 'Yancin Dan Adam ga Amurka ta shekarar 1969, tana aiki tun 1978; da * [[Yarjejeniyar Turai kan Haƙƙin Dan Adam|Yarjejeniyar Turai kan 'Yancin Dan Adam]] na Turai ta shekarar 1950, tana aiki tun 1953. === Amurka da Turai === * Yarjejeniyar Jama'a ta Turai ta shekarar 1961, tana aiki tun 1965 (wanda tsarin korafe-korafe, wanda aka kirkira a 1995 a karkashin Additional Protocol, yana aiki tun 1998); da * Yarjejeniyar San Salvador ga ACHR don Amurka ta shekarar 1988, tana aiki tun 1999. === Afirka === Kungiyar [[Tarayyar Afrika|Tarayyar Afirka]] (AU) ƙungiya ce ta ƙasashe 55, na Afirka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=AU Member States |url=http://www.africa-union.org/root/au/memberstates/map.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080105082457/http://www.africa-union.org/root/au/memberstates/map.htm |archive-date=5 January 2008 |access-date=3 January 2008 |publisher=African Union}}</ref> An kafa shi a shekara ta 2001, manufar AU ita ce taimakawa wajen tabbatar da dimokuradiyya ta Afirka, haƙƙin ɗan adam, da tattalin arziki mai ɗorewa, musamman ta hanyar kawo ƙarshen rikice-rikicen Afirka da ƙirƙirar kasuwa mai tasiri da ƙwarewa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=AU in a Nutshell |url=http://www.africa-union.org/root/au/AboutAu/au_in_a_nutshell_en.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071230204052/http://www.africa-union.org/root/AU/AboutAu/au_in_a_nutshell_en.htm |archive-date=30 December 2007 |access-date=3 January 2008}}</ref> Yarjejeniyar kan 'Yancin Dan Adam da Jama'a ita ce babbar kayan aikin kare hakkin dan adam na yankin, wanda ya fito ne a karkashin jagorancin Kungiyar hadin kan Afirka (OAU) (tun lokacin da aka maye gurbin ta da Kungiyar Afirka). An sanar da niyyar tsara [[Yarjejeniya Ta Afirka Kan Hakkokin Ɗan Adam da Jama'a|Yarjejeniyar Afirka kan 'Yancin Dan Adam da Jama'a]] a shekarar 1979. An amince da Yarjejeniyar gaba ɗaya a taron OAU na 1981. Dangane da Mataki na 63, (wanda ya sa ya "yi aiki watanni uku bayan karɓar da Sakatare Janar ya yi na kayan tabbatarwa ko bin mafi rinjaye" na kasashe membobin OAU), Yarjejeniyar Afirka kan 'Yancin Dan Adam da Jama'a ta fara aiki a ranar 21 ga watan Oktoba shekarar 1986, don girmamawa da aka ayyana ranar 21, ga watan October. <ref>[[African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights]].</ref> [[Hukumar Kare Haƙƙin Ɗan Adam da Jama'a ta Afirka|Hukumar Afirka kan 'Yancin Dan Adam da Jama'a]] (ACHPR) kungiya ce ta shari'a ta [[Tarayyar Afrika|Tarayyar Afirka]], wacce ke da alhakin ingantawa da kare' yancin dan adam da haƙƙin jama'a a duk faɗin nahiyar Afirka, da kuma fassara Yarjejeniyar Afirka kan' yancin Dan Adam, da kuma la'akari da korafe-korafe na mutum game da keta Yarjejeniyar. Hukumar tana da manyan fannoni uku na alhakin: <ref name="mandate">{{Cite web |title=Mandate of the African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights |url=http://www.achpr.org/english/_info/mandate_en.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080120104536/http://www.achpr.org/english/_info/mandate_en.html |archive-date=20 January 2008 |access-date=3 January 2008}}</ref> # inganta haƙƙin ɗan adam da na mutane; # kare hakkin dan adam da na mutane; da kuma # fassara [[Yarjejeniya Ta Afirka Kan Hakkokin Ɗan Adam da Jama'a|Yarjejeniyar Afirka kan 'Yancin Dan Adam da Jama'a]]. A cikin bin waɗannan manufofi, an ba da izinin hukumar ta "tattara takardu, gudanar da karatu da bincike kan matsalolin Afirka a fannin haƙƙin ɗan adam da na mutane, shirya tarurruka, tarurruka da tarurruka، yada bayanai, ƙarfafa cibiyoyin ƙasa da na gida da suka shafi haƙƙin ɗan'uwa da na mutane kuma, idan lamarin ya taso, ya ba da ra'ayoyinsa ko ya ba da shawarwari ga gwamnatoci.<ref name="mandate"/><ref>Art. 45.</ref> Tare da kirkirar Kotun Afirka kan 'Yancin Dan Adam da Jama'a (a karkashin wata yarjejeniya ga Yarjejeniyar da aka karɓa a shekarar 1998 kuma ta fara aiki a watan Janairun 2004), hukumar za ta sami ƙarin aiki na shirya shari'o'i don gabatar da su ga ikon Kotun.<ref name="court">{{Cite web |title=Protocol to the African Charter on human and peoples' rights on the establishment of an African court on human and peoples' rights |url=http://www.achpr.org/english/_info/court_en.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120302212249/http://www.achpr.org/english/_info/court_en.html |archive-date=2 March 2012 |access-date=3 January 2008}}</ref> A cikin yanke shawara na watan Yulin shekarar 2004, Majalisar AU ta yanke shawarar cewa Kotun nan gaba kan 'Yancin Dan Adam da Jama'a za a haɗa ta da Kotun Shari'a ta Afirka. [[Kotun Shari'a ta Tarayyar Afirka ta|Kotun Shari'a ta Tarayyar Afirka]] an yi niyyar zama "babban bangaren shari'a na Tarayyar". <ref>Protocol of the Court of Justice of the African Union, Article 2.2.</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Protocol of the Court of Justice of the African Union |url=http://www.africa-union.org/official_documents/Treaties_%20Conventions_%20Protocols/Protocol%20to%20the%20African%20Court%20of%20Justice%20-%20Maputo.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724225448/http://www.africa-union.org/official_documents/Treaties_%20Conventions_%20Protocols/Protocol%20to%20the%20African%20Court%20of%20Justice%20-%20Maputo.pdf |archive-date=24 July 2011 |access-date=22 September 2010 |publisher=African Union}}</ref> Kodayake har yanzu ba a kafa shi ba, an yi niyyar karɓar ayyukan Hukumar Afirka kan 'Yancin Dan Adam da Jama'a, da kuma aiki a matsayin babbar kotun Tarayyar Afirka, fassara duk dokokin da yarjejeniyoyi masu mahimmanci. Yarjejeniyar da ta kafa Kotun Afirka kan 'Yancin Dan Adam da Jama'a ta fara aiki a watan Janairun shekara ta 2004, amma hadewarta da Kotun Shari'a ta jinkirta kafa ta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 August 2004 |title=Open Letter to the Chairman of the African Union (AU) seeking clarifications and assurances that the Establishment of an effective African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights will not be delayed or undermined |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/alfresco_asset/dc501e2c-a5f9-11dc-bc7d-3fb9ac69fcbb/ior630082004en.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080218001241/http://www.amnesty.org/en/alfresco_asset/dc501e2c-a5f9-11dc-bc7d-3fb9ac69fcbb/ior630082004en.pdf |archive-date=18 February 2008 |access-date=4 December 2016 |publisher=Amnesty International}}</ref> Yarjejeniyar da ta kafa Kotun Shari'a za ta fara aiki lokacin da kasashe goma sha biyar suka tabbatar da ita.<ref>{{Cite web |title=African Court of Justice |url=http://www.aict-ctia.org/courts_conti/acj/acj_home.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130726152112/http://aict-ctia.org/courts_conti/acj/acj_home.html |archive-date=26 July 2013 |access-date=3 January 2008 |publisher=African International Courts and Tribunals}}</ref> Akwai kasashe da yawa a Afirka da ake zargi da keta haƙƙin ɗan adam da al'ummomin duniya da kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu suka yi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Human Rights Watch Africa |url=http://hrw.org/doc/?t=africa |access-date=3 January 2008}}</ref> === Tsarin Amurkawa. === Kungiyar Amurka (OAS) kungiya ce ta kasa da kasa da ke da hedikwata a Washington, DC . Mambobin sa sune kasashe masu zaman kansu talatin da biyar na Amurka. A cikin shekarun 1990s, tare da kawo karshen yakin cacar baka, da komawar mulkin dimokuradiyya a Latin Amurka, da kuma burin dunkulewar duniya, kungiyar OAS, ta yi kokarin sake farfado da kanta domin dacewa da sabon yanayin.  Abubuwan da aka bayyana a yanzu sun haɗa da masu zuwa:<ref>{{Cite web |title=OAS Key Issues |url=http://www.oas.org/key_issues/eng/default.asp |access-date=3 January 2008}}</ref> * karfafa dimokuradiyya; * aiki don zaman lafiya; * kare haƙƙin ɗan adam; * yaki da cin hanci da rashawa; * haƙƙin 'yan asalin ƙasar; da * inganta ci gaba mai ɗorewa. Hukumar Inter-American kan 'Yancin Dan Adam (IACHR) kungiya ce mai cin gashin kanta ta Kungiyar Amurka, kuma tana zaune a Washington, DC. Tare da Kotun Inter-American na'Yancin Dan adam, da ke zaune a [[San José|San Jose]], Costa Rica, tana ɗaya daga cikin hukumomin da suka ƙunshi tsarin Amurka don ingantawa da kare haƙƙin ɗan adam. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Directory of OAS Authorities |url=http://www.oas.org/documents/eng/biographies.asp?group=hhrr |access-date=3 January 2008 |publisher=Organization of American States}}</ref> IACHR kungiya ce ta dindindin wacce ke haɗuwa a zaman yau da kullun da na musamman sau da yawa a shekara don bincika zarge-zargen keta haƙƙin ɗan adam a cikin yankin. Ayyukanta na haƙƙin ɗan adam sun samo asali ne daga takardu uku: <ref>{{Cite web |title=What is the IACHR? |url=http://www.cidh.oas.org/what.htm |access-date=3 January 2008 |publisher=Inter-American Commission on Human Rights}}</ref> # Yarjejeniyar OAS; # Sanarwar Amurka game da 'Yancin da Ayyukan Mutum; da kuma # Yarjejeniyar Amurka kan 'Yancin Dan Adam . An kafa Kotun Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Amurka a cikin 1979 tare da manufar tilasta da fassara tanadin Yarjejeniyar Amurka kan 'Yancin Dan Adam. Saboda haka manyan ayyukanta guda biyu sune yanke hukunci da ba da shawara: * A karkashin tsohon, yana sauraro da dokoki game da takamaiman shari'o'in keta haƙƙin ɗan adam da aka ambata. * A karkashin wannan na ƙarshe, yana ba da ra'ayoyi game da batutuwan fassarar shari'a da wasu hukumomin OAS ko jihohin membobin suka kawo.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Inter-American Court on Human Rights homepage |url=http://www.corteidh.or.cr/index.cfm?CFID=25331&CFTOKEN=36922058 |access-date=3 January 2008 |publisher=Inter-American Court on Human Rights}}</ref> Kasashe da yawa a Amurka, ciki har da Colombia, Cuba, Mexico da Venezuela, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Human rights in Venezuela |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/location/americas/south-america/venezuela/report-venezuela/ |access-date=2023-07-03 |website=Amnesty International |language=en}}</ref> an zarge su da keta haƙƙin ɗan adam. === Tsarin Turai. === Majalisar Turai, wacce aka kafa a 1949, ita ce kungiyar da ta fi tsufa da ke aiki don hadin kan Turai. Kungiyar kasa da kasa ce tare da halayyar shari'a da aka amince da ita a karkashin dokar kasa da kasa, kuma tana da matsayin mai lura a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. Cibiyar majalisar tana cikin [[Strasbourg]] a Faransa. Majalisar Turai tana da alhakin [[Yarjejeniyar Turai kan Haƙƙin Dan Adam|Yarjejeniyar Turai kan 'Yancin Dan Adam]] da Kotun 'Yancin Dan Adam ta Turai.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{Cite web |title=Gender and reproductive rights home page |url=http://who.int/reproductive-health/gender/index.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20021221211348/http://www.who.int/reproductive-health/gender/index.html |archive-date=21 December 2002 |access-date=29 August 2010 |publisher=Who.int}}</ref> Wadannan cibiyoyin suna ɗaure membobin majalisa zuwa tsarin haƙƙin ɗan adam wanda, kodayake yana da tsauri, ya fi na Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan haƙƙin ɗanɗano. Har ila yau, majalisar tana inganta Yarjejeniyar Turai don Harsunan Yankin ko Ƙananan Hukumomi da Yarjejeniyar Jama'a ta Turai.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Social Charter |url=http://www.coe.int/T/E/Human_Rights/Esc/ |access-date=4 January 2008 |publisher=Council of Europe}}</ref> Kasancewa memba yana buɗewa ga duk jihohin Turai waɗanda ke neman Haɗin kai na Turai, karɓar ƙa'idar mulkin doka, kuma suna iyawa kuma suna shirye su tabbatar da dimokuradiyya, haƙƙin ɗan adam na asali da [[Ƴancin siyasa|'yanci]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Council of Europe in Brief |url=http://www.coe.int/T/e/Com/about_coe/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080109045152/http://www.coe.int/T/e/Com/about_coe/ |archive-date=9 January 2008 |access-date=4 January 2008}}</ref> Majalisar Turai ta rabu da [[Tarayyar Turai]], amma ana sa ran ƙarshen zai shiga Yarjejeniyar Turai kan 'Yancin Dan Adam. Majalisar ta hada da dukkan kasashe mambobin Tarayyar Turai. Har ila yau, Tarayyar Turai tana da takardar kare hakkin dan adam daban, Yarjejeniyar Hakki na Tarayyar Tarayyar Duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Juncker, Jean-Claude |date=11 April 2006 |title=Council of Europe – European Union: "A sole ambition for the European Continent" |url=http://www.gouvernement.lu/salle_presse/actualite/2006/04/11conseil_europe/english_mod.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110501121011/http://www.gouvernement.lu/salle_presse/actualite/2006/04/11conseil_europe/english_mod.pdf |archive-date=1 May 2011 |access-date=4 January 2008 |publisher=Council of Europe}}</ref> Yarjejeniyar Turai kan 'Yancin Dan Adam tun daga shekarar 1950, ta bayyana kuma ta tabbatar da' yancin dan adam da' yanci na asali a Turai.<ref name="EUCourt">{{Cite web |title=Historical Background to the European Court of Human Rights |url=http://www.echr.coe.int/ECHR/EN/Header/The+Court/The+Court/History+of+the+Court/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071222001646/http://www.echr.coe.int/ECHR/EN/Header/The%20Court/The%20Court/History%20of%20the%20Court/ |archive-date=22 December 2007 |access-date=4 January 2008 |publisher=European Court of Human Rights}}</ref> Dukkanin kasashe 47, na Majalisar Turai sun sanya hannu kan wannan yarjejeniya, sabili da haka suna ƙarƙashin ikon Kotun Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Turai a Strasbourg.<ref name="EUCourt" /> Don hana azabtarwa da rashin mutunci ko rashin kulawa, an kafa Kwamitin Rigakafin azabtarwa.<ref>Article 3 of the Convention.</ref><ref>[[European Convention for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment]].</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=About the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture |url=http://www.cpt.coe.int/en/about.htm |access-date=4 January 2008 |publisher=European Committee for the Prevention of Torture}}</ref> Majalisar Turai ta kuma amince da Yarjejeniyar kan Ayyuka game da Cinikin Dan Adam a watan Mayu na shekara ta 2005, don kariya daga fataucin mutane da cin zarafin jima'i, Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Turai kan Kare Yara daga Cin zarafin Jima'i da Cin zarafin jimaʼi a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2007, da Yarjejeniya kan hanawa da yaki da tashin hankali kan mata da tashin hankali a cikin gida a watan Mayu 2011. Kotun Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Turai ita ce kawai kotun kasa da kasa da ke da iko don magance shari'o'in da mutane suka kawo maimakon jihohi.<ref name="EUCourt"/> A farkon shekara ta 2010, kotun tana da shari'o'i sama da 120,000, da jerin masu jira na shekaru da yawa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 March 2008 |title=Virginia Law |url=http://www.law.virginia.edu/html/news/2008_spr/roucounas.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511151905/http://www.law.virginia.edu/html/news/2008_spr/roucounas.htm |archive-date=11 May 2011 |access-date=29 August 2010 |publisher=Law.virginia.edu}}</ref><ref>[[BBC]] article </ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Swiss info article |url=http://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/politics/Push_for_reform_of_backlogged_rights_court.html?cid=8314824 |access-date=29 August 2010 |publisher=Swissinfo.ch |archive-date=11 May 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511180333/http://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/politics/Push_for_reform_of_backlogged_rights_court.html?cid=8314824 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kimanin daya daga cikin shari'o'i ashirin da aka gabatar a kotun an dauke shi da izini.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 July 2008 |title=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2009/apr/11/european-court-of-human-rights |access-date=29 August 2010 |website=[[TheGuardian.com]]}}</ref> A shekara ta 2007, kotun ta ba da hukunce-hukunce 1,503. A halin yanzu, zai ɗauki shekaru 46, don sakewa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 January 2008 |title=Breaking news, Ireland |url=http://www.breakingnews.ie/archives/2008/0123/world/human-rights-cases-have-46-year-backlog-in-eu-345706.html |access-date=29 August 2010 |publisher=Breakingnews.ie}}</ref> == Kulawa, aiwatarwa da tilasta. == A halin yanzu babu kotun kasa da kasa da za ta gudanar da dokar kare hakkin dan adam ta kasa da kasa, amma kusan hukumomin shari'a sun wanzu a karkashin wasu yarjejeniyoyin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (kamar Kwamitin Kare Hakkin Dan Adam a karkashin ICCPR). Kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta kasa da kasa (ICC) tana da iko kan laifin kisan kare dangi, [[Laifin Yaƙi|Laifukan yaki]] da Laifukan da aka yi wa bil'adama.<ref>{{Cite web |title=How the Court works |url=https://www.icc-cpi.int/about/how-the-court-works/Pages/default.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161015175704/https://www.icc-cpi.int/about/how-the-court-works/Pages/default.aspx |archive-date=15 October 2016 |access-date=2021-09-17 |website=www.icc-cpi.int |language=en-GB}}</ref> Kotun Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Turai da Kotun Kare Kare Hakkin dan Adam ta Amurka suna aiwatar da dokar kare hakkin dan adam ta yanki. Kodayake waɗannan ƙungiyoyin ƙasa da ƙasa suna da iko a kan shari'o'i game da dokar jin kai ta duniya, yana da mahimmanci a gane, kamar yadda aka tattauna a sama, cewa tsarin biyu sun zama tsarin shari'a daban-daban.<ref>The Program for Humanitarian Policy and Conflict Research, "Brief Primer on IHL"</ref> Kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya suna da wasu hanyoyin tilasta bin doka. Wadannan sun hada da hukumomin yarjejeniya da ke haɗe da yarjejeniyoyi bakwai da ke aiki a halin yanzu, da kuma hanyoyin da Majalisar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ke yin korafi, tare da Binciken Lokaci na Duniya da Mai ba da rahoto na Musamman na Majalisar Dinkinobho (wanda aka sani da 1235 da 1503 bi da bi). <ref>{{Cite web |last=OHCHR |title=Human Rights Council Complaint Procedure |url=http://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/chr/complaints.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090308062731/http://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/chr/complaints.htm |archive-date=8 March 2009 |access-date=6 February 2009}}</ref> Tilasta aiwatar da dokar kare hakkin dan adam ta kasa da kasa alhakin jihar ne; babban alhakin Jiha ne ya sanya haƙƙin ɗan adam na 'yan ƙasa ya zama gaskiya. A aikace, yawancin haƙƙin ɗan adam suna da wuyar tilasta su bisa doka, saboda rashin yarjejeniya game da aikace-aikacen wasu haƙƙoƙi, rashin dokokin ƙasa masu dacewa ko ƙungiyoyi da aka ba su ikon ɗaukar matakin shari'a don tilasta su.<ref>See, REDRESS, [http://www.redress.org/downloads/publications/master_enforcement%2030%20May%202006.pdf Enforcement of Awards for Victims of Torture and Other International Crimes] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151203170231/http://www.redress.org/downloads/publications/master_enforcement%2030%20May%202006.pdf |date=2015-12-03 }} May, 2006</ref> A cikin kasashe sama da 110, an kafa Cibiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam na kasa (NHRIs) don karewa, ingantawa ko saka idanu kan haƙƙin ɗan adam tare da iko a cikin wata ƙasa. Kodayake ba duk NHRIs ba ne suka dace da ka'idodin Paris, <ref>{{Cite web |date=November 2007 |title=Chart of the Status of National Institutions |url=http://www.nhri.net/2007/List_Accredited_NIs_Nov_2007.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080216052314/http://www.nhri.net/2007/List_Accredited_NIs_Nov_2007.pdf |archive-date=16 February 2008 |access-date=6 January 2008 |publisher=National Human Rights Institutions Forum |quote=ACCREDITED BY THE INTERNATIONAL COORDINATING COMMITTEE OF NATIONAL INSTITUTIONS FOR THE PROMOTION AND PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS<br />In accordance with the Paris Principles and the ICC Sub-Committee Rules of Procedure, the following classifications for accreditation are used by the ICC: A: Compliance with the Paris Principles;<br />A(R): Accreditation with reserve – granted where insufficient documentation is submitted to confer A status;<br />B: Observer Status – Not fully in compliance with the Paris Principles or insufficient information provided to make a determination;<br />C: Non-compliant with the Paris Principles.}}</ref> yawan da tasirin waɗannan cibiyoyin suna ƙaruwa. An bayyana [[Ka'idodin Paris na Haƙƙin Ɗan Adam|Ka'idodin Paris]] a taron farko na kasa da kasa kan Cibiyoyin Kasa don Ingantawa da Kare Hakkin Dan Adam a Paris daga 7, zuwa 9, ga watan Oktoba shekarar 1991, kuma Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta karɓa ta 1992/54, na shekarar 1992, da Babban Taron 48/134, na 1993. Ka'idodin Paris sun lissafa nauyin da yawa ga NHRIs. === Ikon duniya. === Ikon duniya ka'ida ce mai rikitarwa a cikin dokar kasa da kasa, inda jihohi ke da'awar ikon aikata laifuka a kan mutanen da ake zargi da aikata laifukan da aka aikata a waje da iyakokin jihar mai gabatar da kara, ba tare da la'akari da ƙasa ba, ƙasar zama ko duk wata dangantaka da ƙasar da ke gabatar da kara. Jiha ta goyi bayan da'awarta a kan dalilin cewa laifin da aka aikata an dauke shi laifi ne a kan kowa, wanda kowane jiha ke da izinin azabtarwa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Weiss |first=Peter |date=2008 |title=Universal Jurisdiction: Past, Present and Future |journal=Proceedings of the Asil Annual Meeting |volume=102 |pages=406–409 |doi=10.1017/S0272503700028032 |issn=0272-5037 |jstor=25660324 |s2cid=159412931}}</ref> Saboda haka manufar ikon duniya tana da alaƙa da ra'ayin cewa wasu ka'idojin kasa da kasa sune erga ''[[Erga omnes|Eromnes]]'', ko kuma suna da alaƙa ga dukan al'ummar duniya, da kuma manufar jus cogens. A shekara ta 1993, [[Beljik|Belgium]] ta zartar da "dokar ikon duniya" don ba kotun ta ikon kan laifukan da aka yi wa bil'adama a wasu ƙasashe. A shekara ta 1998, an kama Augusto Pinochet a Landan biyo bayan tuhumar da alƙalin Mutanen Espanya Baltasar Garzón ya yi a karkashin ka'idar shari'a ta duniya.<ref>Ball, Gready (2007) p.70</ref> Adolf Eichmann wanda shine tsohon kwamandan Nazi SS wanda ake zargi da kula da canja wurin Yahudawa zuwa sansanonin Holocaust kuma an tsananta masa a Isra'ila a shekarar 1961. Adolf yana zaune a Argentina bayan yakin.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 June 1960 |title=Security Council resolution 138: Question relating to the case of Adolf Eichmann |url=https://www.refworld.org/docid/3b00f1cc74.html |access-date=13 October 2022 |publisher=United Nations Security Council}}</ref>[[Amnesty International]] da sauran Kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam ne ke tallafawa ka'idar, wadanda suka yi imanin cewa wasu laifuka suna haifar da barazana ga al'ummar duniya gaba daya, kuma al'umma tana da aikin ɗabi'a don yin aiki. Sauran, kamar Henry Kissinger, <ref>Kissinger has himself been subject to calls for prosecution under universal jurisdiction. See Hitchens, Christopher, and David Rieff. "." ''Prospect'', 28 June 2001 (accessed 11 June 2013); Hitchens, Christopher. ''The Trial of Henry Kissinger''. London: Verso, 2001.</ref> suna jayayya cewa "yaduwar yarjejeniya cewa dole ne a gurfanar da keta haƙƙin ɗan adam da laifuka a kan bil'adama ya hana yin la'akari da rawar da kotuna na duniya ke takawa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kissinger, Henry |date=July–August 2001 |title=The Pitfall of Universal Jurisdiction |url=http://www.foreignaffairs.org/20010701faessay4996/henry-a-kissinger/the-pitfalls-of-universal-jurisdiction.html |url-status=dead |journal=Foreign Affairs |volume=80 |issue=4 |pages=86–96 |doi=10.2307/20050228 |jstor=20050228 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090114024521/http://www.foreignaffairs.org/20010701faessay4996/henry-a-kissinger/the-pitfalls-of-universal-jurisdiction.html |archive-date=14 January 2009}}</ref> Ikon duniya yana da haɗarin haifar da zalunci na duniya - na alƙalai. " == Duba kuma. == == Haɗin waje. == * [http://www.ohchr.org/ UNHCHR] * [https://www.un.org/ Shafin yanar gizon Majalisar Dinkin Duniya] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070513125722/http://www.un.org/law/ Shafin yanar gizon Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Dokar Duniya] * [http://www.icj-cij.org/ Shafin yanar gizon hukuma na Kotun Shari'a ta Duniya] * [http://www.ijrcenter.org/ Cibiyar Kula da Harkokin Shari'a ta Duniya - cikakkun albarkatun kan layi da labarai] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106115850/https://ijrcenter.org/ |date=2022-01-06 }} [[Rukuni:Ƴancin Ɗan Adam]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] ==Manazarta== {{reflist|2}} 80dzrs9tkojslxpp3ga348akafmh2qg 0 80662 826532 726221 2026-04-26T07:44:29Z Pharouqenr 25549 826532 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Eliana Rubashkyn''' (an Haife ta a ranar 25 ga watan Yuni 1988) 'yar ƙasar [[New Zealand]] likitar harhaɗa magunguna ce kuma masaniya a fannin ilmin sinadarai, <ref name="Millane">{{Cite web |date=2019-11-14 |title='I'm sorry': Moment murder accused admitted Grace was dead |url=https://www.odt.co.nz/news/national/im-sorry-moment-murder-accused-admitted-grace-was-dead |access-date=2023-04-01 |website=Otago Daily Times Online News |language=en}}</ref> sananniya ce da kasancewa mace ta farko da aka ba wa namiji lokacin haihuwa da aka amince da shi a matsayin [[mace]] mai tsarin [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] a ƙarƙashin dokar 'yan gudun hijira ta duniya. An haife ta a Kolombiya, Rubashkyn ba ta da ƙasa a da. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=McGee |first=Thomas |date=2020 |title=Rainbow statelessness - between sexual citizenship and legal theory: Exploring the statelessness-LGBTIQ+ nexus. |url=https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/agispt.20221018075985 |journal=Statelessness & Citizenship Review |volume=2(1) |issue=2 |pages=64–85 |via=[[Informit (database)|Informit]]}}</ref> Ha {{Efn|Rubashkyn uses both [[they/them]] and [[she/her]] pronouns. This article uses feminine pronouns for consistency.}} a halin yanzu tana aiki a matsayin jami'in shirye-shirye a duniya ta ILGA, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ælien Rubashkyn - ILGA World |url=https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907100944/https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |archive-date=7 September 2021 |access-date=7 September 2021}}</ref> kuma a matsayin masaniya a fannin kimiyyar rage cutar da ke haɓaka yakin neman hakkin ɗan adam na tallafi ga masu neman mafaka na LGBTI, 'yan gudun hijira da masu shiga tsakani a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=ITANZ - Intersex Awareness New Zealand 2019 - Board Members |url=http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |access-date=2024-07-05 |archive-date=2019-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190911065353/http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> An amince [[Jinsi|da jinsin]] Rubashkyn a ƙarƙashin Yarjejeniyar [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] ta 1951 dangane da Matsayin 'Yan Gudun Hijira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Human Rights Campaign 2014 |title=Hong Kong recognized Trans woman without Sex reassignment Surgery |url=http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006154905/http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=3 February 2015}}</ref> Shari'ar Rubashkyn ya ja hankalin kafafen yaɗa labarai na ƙasa da ƙasa da lauyoyi bayan cin zarafin da aka yi mata biyo bayan tsare ta a filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong saboda rashin jituwa tsakanin [[Asalin jinsi|jinsinta]] da hoton fasfo dinta, wanda ya haifar da shekaru da dama na rashin ƙasa a Hong Kong.  da kuma ƙasƙantar da ɗan adam zuwa cibiyoyin mafaka da yawa a cikin Yuen Long. <ref name="Misunderstood and Stateless">{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> <ref name="UNHCR">{{Cite web |title=Transgender Refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong |url=http://www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/refdaily?pass=463ef21123&id=533cf1698 |access-date=20 March 2014 |publisher=UNHCR}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 April 2014 |title=Hong Kong is 'hell' Transgender postgrad student-turned-refugee struggles to be recognised as a woman |url=http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006110553/http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=gaystarnews.com}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta koma New Zealand a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira a cikin shekarar 2014, kuma an ba ta shaida ta ƙasar New Zealand a cikin shekarar 2018. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee says NZ paradise |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/transgender-refugee-says-nz-paradise/FOX7DUD3XTF4K6OWN72OH2FWPE/ |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2023, an tuhumi Rubashkyn da laifuffuka biyu na kai hari kan jefa ruwan [[tumatir]] a kan masu fafutuka Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull da Tania Suzanne Sturt a wata zanga-zangar adawa da ziyarar Keen-Minshull. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-14 |title=Posie Parker assault case: Tomato juice protester Eliana Golberstein pleads guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-assault-case-tomato-juice-protester-eli-rubashkyn-pleads-guilty/J4XEWQPOJZF4XP654KYDSJTX2Q/ |access-date=2024-06-14 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Rubashkyn a [[Kolombiya|Colombia]] ga mahaifiyar Bayahudiya 'yar ƙasar Yukren wacce ta koma can a shekarun 1970s. An haife ta tare da yanayin jima'i na rashin jin daɗi na androgen kuma an sanya shi namiji a lokacin haihuwa. <ref name="3news">{{Cite web |date=26 July 2015 |title=Gender refugee hopes for NZ citizenship |url=http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151225151833/http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |archive-date=25 December 2015 |access-date=23 December 2015 |publisher=3 Degrees - TV3 New Zealand}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vesga |first=Alejandro |date=11 July 2015 |title=El purgatorio de una transgénero víctima de un pasaporte con sexo masculino |url=http://www.kienyke.com/historias/el-purgatorio-de-una-transgenero-victima-de-un-pasaporte-con-sexo-masculino/}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2011, Rubashkyn ta sami digirinta a fannin harhaɗa magunguna da [[Kimiyya|sinadarai]] a Jami'ar ƙasa ta Colombia, kuma tana magana da harsuna biyar sosai. <ref name=":3"/> Bayan ta yi karatun ilmin halitta a Jami'ar Granada, an ba ta guraben karatu don haɓaka karatun digiri na biyu a fannin kiwon lafiyar jama'a a Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta [[Taipei]], kuma a lokaci guda ta fara canjin yanayi da tabbatar da jinsi a [[Taiwan]]. Rubashkyn ta gano cewa caka mata wuka a Colombia ne ya sa ta yanke shawarar neman ilimi a wasu wurare. === Rashin kasa === A cikin shekara guda da fara maganin maye gurbin hormone, yanayin jikin Rubashkyn ya canza sosai saboda yanayin jima'i, kuma hukumomin shige da fice na Taiwan sun buƙaci ta sabunta fasfo ɗinta a ƙaramin ofishin jakadancin Colombia kafin ta fara shekara ta biyu na karatun masters. Ta yi tafiya zuwa [[Hong Kong]] don yin hakan, amma lokacin da ta isa cibiyar shige da fice ta filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong, an tsare ta sama da watanni takwas a tsare da kuma cibiyoyin ‘yan gudun hijira da dama saboda rashin sanin yanayin shari’arta. <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 March 2014 |title=The Colombian transgender woman stranded in Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/la-transgenero-colombiana-atrapada-en-hong-kong/381292-3 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref> <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong to be recognised as woman |url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1457021/transgender-refugee-goes-through-hell-hong-kong-be-recognised-woman |access-date=3 March 2014 |website=South China Morning Post}}</ref> <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=2020-02-28 |title=Making New Zealand Home: Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/national/programmes/afternoons/audio/2018736234/making-new-zealand-home-eliana-rubashkyn |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=RNZ |language=en-nz}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta sha fama da cin zarafi da cin zarafi da musgunawa akai-akai a wurare da dama da take rayuwa a ciki. An tsare ta a wani sashin kula da taɓin hankali na Asibitin Sarauniya Elizabeth da ke Kowloon, sakamakon wani yunkurin kashe kanta, bayan an yi mata wulakanci da lalata da ita. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Live Interview (In Spanish) on CNN after being released from her reclusion in Hong Kong and China |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UkEsMq5xKfA/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> Ta kasa neman mafaka don a ba ta kariya a matsayinta na 'yar gudun hijira a Hong Kong saboda gwamnati ba ta amince da yarjejeniyar 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ba, ta fuskanci kora, kuma ta fuskanci mugun hali a wurin da ake tsare da filin jirgin sama. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ƙi tuntuɓar ofishin jakadancinta na gida don hana fitar da ita saboda rashin taimakon diflomasiyya da suka bayar, kuma ta zama ''marar'' ƙasa a ranar 30 ga watan Oktoba 2012. Matsayin Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ya iyakance hulɗar <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">&#x5D; ''<nowiki><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (April 2024)">za</span></nowiki>'' &#x5B;</sup> iya yi da hukumomi daga gwamnatocin Colombia. <ref name=":4"/> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Stuck in limbo the tragic story of the transgender refugee Eliana Rubashkyn |url=http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006162731/http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Time Out Hong Kong}}</ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=1 April 2010 |title=UNHCR and De Facto Statelessness |url=http://www.unhcr.org/4bc2ddeb9.pdf |access-date=28 November 2017 |publisher=Hugh Massey, Senior Legal Adviser, UNHCR Geneva}}</ref> Tare da taimakon [[Amnesty International]] da hukumar kula da 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya (UNHCR), an ba ta matsayin [[Ƴan gudun hijira|'yan gudun hijira]];  duk da haka, saboda Hong Kong ba ta sanya hannu kan taron ƴan gudun hijira na 1951 ba, ba ta amince da ita a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ba kuma ta nemi a tura ta zuwa Colombia. Lamarin nata ya ja hankalin duniya, musamman a Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya da Kolombiya, inda ake yawan cin zarafi tsakanin maza da mata da maza da mata. An kuma lura da shari'arta a [[New Zealand]], ƙasar da aka sani da matsayinta game da daidaito ga mutanen LGBTI. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cơn ác mộng của người chuyển giới ở Hong Kong |url=http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006101242/http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=Hot News Vietnam}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 April 2014 |title=Transgender refugee stranded in Hong Kong describes struggle to be recognized as woman |url=http://shanghaiist.com/2014/04/03/transgender-refugee-hong-kong.php |access-date=3 April 2014 |publisher=Shanhaiist}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=La historia de Eliana, la joven transgénero que está atrapada en Hong Kong |url=http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141010092822/http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |archive-date=10 October 2014 |access-date=29 March 2014 |publisher=Diario El País}}</ref> A watan Disamba na shekarar 2013, Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta ba da mafita ta hanyar amincewa Rubashkyn a matsayin mace a ƙarƙashin tsarin 'yan gudun hijira na UNHCR. Ta zama mace ta farko da aka amince da ita a matsayin mace a [[Sin|China]] ko Hong Kong ba tare da an yi mata tiyatar sake aikin jima'i ba ko kuma ta hanyar likita. <ref>{{Cite web |last=caracol.com.co |title=Transexual reconocida como mujer en China |url=http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006102218/http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 January 2014}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=行街紙隱去性別未變性博士准住女病房 |url=http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/news/art/20140315/18657221 |access-date=2 January 2014 |publisher=Apple Daily Hong Kong}}</ref> Wani labari na [[CNN]] game da gwagwarmayar ta da kuma ɗan gajeren fim game da rayuwarta a Hong Kong ta sami lambar yabo ta GLAAD Media Award a watan Mayu 2015. === Maidowa === A cikin watan Mayun 2014, New Zealand ta karɓi Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira kuma ta ba ta mafaka, ta ƙara fahimtar jinsinta a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 July 2014 |title=En libertad la transgénero presa en Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/eliana-rubashkyn-transgenero-colombiana-en-hong-kong-quedo-libre/394176-3 |access-date=5 January 2015 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref> Shari'arta ita ce ta farko a duniya da aka amince da jinsin mutum a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Eliana Rubashkyn. First case of International gender recognition through asylum |url=http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006140105/http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=Fundacion Triangulo}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Transexual colombiana atrapada en Hong Kong recibe refugio en Nueva Zelanda |url=http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006125201/http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=RCN}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2015, auren Rubashkyn ya sami kulawar kafofin watsa labaru mai mahimmanci lokacin da magatakarda na NZ na Aure ya nemi mataccen suna Rubashkyn, tare da sunanta na shari'a, don yin rajistar auren. A cikin shekarar 2019, Rubashkyn ya ba da shaida a matsayin wani ɓangare na binciken kisan Grace Millane, bayan da ta fahimci cewa ta yi wa wanda ake tuhuma hidima a wani kantin magani na Auckland. <ref name="Millane"/> == Sana'a == Tun lokacin da aka sake ta a New Zealand, Rubashkyn ta yi aiki a matsayin mai harhaɗa magunguna kuma tana da hannu cikin ayyukan bayar da shawarwari da yawa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ministry seeks feedback on draft vaping regulations, while pharmacy sales slow |url=https://www.pharmacytoday.co.nz/article/ministry-seeks-feedback-draft-vaping-regulations-while-pharmacy-sales-slow |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Pharmacy Today |language=en}}</ref> === Gwagwarmaya/Fafutuka === Rubashkyn ta ba da shawarar haƙƙoƙin 'yan gudun hijira da jima'i, transgender, da bambancin jinsi a New Zealand da kuma duniya baki ɗaya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rainbow refugees come to NZ to find safety, but say the system is not built for them |url=https://www.renews.co.nz/rainbow-refugees-come-to-nz-to-find-safety-but-say-the-system-is-not-built-for-them/ |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=www.renews.co.nz |language=en-US}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ba da gudummawa ga shirin ci gaban Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya da kuma Hukumar Kula da 'Yan Gudun Hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya a matsayinta na wacce ta kafa Rainbow Path Aotearoa New Zealand, wata kungiyar bayar da shawarwari ta 'yan gudun hijira ta LGBT. Yayin zanga-zangar adawa da Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull a [[Auckland]] a ranar 25 ga watan Maris 2023, Rubashkyn ta jefa ruwan tumatir a kan Keen-Minshull. Daga baya, Rubashkyn ta ba da rahoton samun barazanar kisa. Rubashkyn ta tafi Ostiraliya, sannan Amurka, tana mai cewa tana tsoron a kama ta a New Zealand. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice thrower says arrest warrant imminent |url=https://www.1news.co.nz/2023/03/29/posie-parker-juice-thrower-says-arrest-warrant-imminent/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=1 News |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='I am scared': Posie Parker juice-thrower claims arrest warrant pending |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-tomato-juicer-eli-rubashkyn-says-arrest-warrant-likely-to-be-filed/T7LTM7JSFVHVDKOLE37BTVDVBY/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=reporter |first=Auckland |date=2023-03-30 |title=Police lay assault charge on woman who threw juice over Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/131647981/police-lay-assault-charge-on-woman-who-threw-juice-over-posie-parker |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> Daga baya 'yan sandan New Zealand sun tuhume ta da laifuffuka biyu na hari, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-en-route-for-new-york-after-arrest-claim/OBCY2CCNPJAULNQOHSQVCXX6Y4/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Franks |first=Raphael |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.newstalkzb.co.nz/news/national/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-charged-with-assault/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=ZB |language=en-nz}}</ref> <ref name=":0" /> daya kirga kan lamarin ruwan tumatir da Keen-Minshull da kuma wani harin da aka kai wa wani daban, wanda ba a san ko wanene ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Woman accused of throwing juice over Posie Parker pleads not guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/woman-accused-of-throwing-juice-over-womens-rights-activist-posie-parker-pleads-not-guilty/QI24T5Z5BBCG5GDEDAP6I7KIEI/ |access-date=2023-04-07 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> Magoya bayan Rubashkyn sun tara sama da dala 15,000 a cikin makonni biyu da suka biyo bayan lamarin don biyan kuɗinta na shari'a. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Shibu |date=2023-03-31 |title=Fundraiser For NZ Trans Activist Who Doused Kellie-Jay Keen With Tomato Sauce |url=https://www.starobserver.com.au/news/international-news-news/fundraiser-for-nz-trans-activist-who-doused-kellie-jay-keen-with-tomato-sauce/222889 |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Star Observer |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Afrilun 2023, lauyan Rubashkyn ya shigar da kara a madadinta, tare da komawa kotu a watan Yuli. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=2023-04-05 |title=Protester pleads not guilty to assault after throwing juice on Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/crime/300848339/protester-pleads-not-guilty-to-assault-after-throwing-juice-on-posie-parker |access-date=2023-04-06 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 20 ga watan Satumba, lauyan Rubashkyn James Olsen ya nemi a soke tuhumar da ake yi mata a kotun gundumar Auckland. Keen-Minshull ta kwaɗaitar da magoya bayanta da su taru a kusa da kotun ta kafafen sada zumunta; Bayan ta yi watsi da shirin tafiya na biyu zuwa New Zealand saboda matsalolin tsaro. Magoya bayan Keen-Minshull da suka haɗa da kungiyar "Bari mace ta yi magana" sun haɗu da mambobin kungiyar Trans Liberation Alliance (TLA) da suka taru a kotun St Patrick da ke kusa da kotun gundumar Auckland. Wannan zanga-zangar ta kasance cikin lumana tare da ‘yan sanda sun raba kungiyoyin biyu. Olsen ya bayar da hujjar cewa ya kamata a yi watsi da karar tun da Keen-Minshull ya ki gabatar da kara ko mika shaida ga ‘yan sanda. Dan sanda mai gabatar da kara Sajan Phil Mann ya nemi ya dogara da kalaman da Keen-Minshull ya yi na yin fim ga TVNZ bayan faruwar lamarin. Mai shari’a Claire Ryan ta ajiye hukuncinta har sai an saurari karar a watan Oktoba 2023. <ref name="NZH 21 Sep 2023" /> A ranar 26 ga watan Oktoba, alkalin kotun Ryan ya ki amincewa da yunkurin Rubashkyn na yin watsi da tuhumar da ake mata, ya kuma yanke hukuncin cewa za ta fuskanci shari'a kan laifuka biyu na cin zarafi da ake yi wa Keen-Minshull. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] <references /> ktkdiw5lkt5s20202tpedbgfevm38mv 826533 826532 2026-04-26T07:44:44Z Pharouqenr 25549 826533 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Eliana Rubashkyn''' (an Haife ta a ranar 25 ga watan Yuni 1988) 'yar ƙasar [[New Zealand]] likitar harhaɗa magunguna ce kuma masaniya a fannin ilmin sinadarai,<ref name="Millane">{{Cite web |date=2019-11-14 |title='I'm sorry': Moment murder accused admitted Grace was dead |url=https://www.odt.co.nz/news/national/im-sorry-moment-murder-accused-admitted-grace-was-dead |access-date=2023-04-01 |website=Otago Daily Times Online News |language=en}}</ref> sananniya ce da kasancewa mace ta farko da aka ba wa namiji lokacin haihuwa da aka amince da shi a matsayin [[mace]] mai tsarin [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] a ƙarƙashin dokar 'yan gudun hijira ta duniya. An haife ta a Kolombiya, Rubashkyn ba ta da ƙasa a da. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=McGee |first=Thomas |date=2020 |title=Rainbow statelessness - between sexual citizenship and legal theory: Exploring the statelessness-LGBTIQ+ nexus. |url=https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/agispt.20221018075985 |journal=Statelessness & Citizenship Review |volume=2(1) |issue=2 |pages=64–85 |via=[[Informit (database)|Informit]]}}</ref> Ha {{Efn|Rubashkyn uses both [[they/them]] and [[she/her]] pronouns. This article uses feminine pronouns for consistency.}} a halin yanzu tana aiki a matsayin jami'in shirye-shirye a duniya ta ILGA, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ælien Rubashkyn - ILGA World |url=https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907100944/https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |archive-date=7 September 2021 |access-date=7 September 2021}}</ref> kuma a matsayin masaniya a fannin kimiyyar rage cutar da ke haɓaka yakin neman hakkin ɗan adam na tallafi ga masu neman mafaka na LGBTI, 'yan gudun hijira da masu shiga tsakani a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=ITANZ - Intersex Awareness New Zealand 2019 - Board Members |url=http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |access-date=2024-07-05 |archive-date=2019-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190911065353/http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> An amince [[Jinsi|da jinsin]] Rubashkyn a ƙarƙashin Yarjejeniyar [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] ta 1951 dangane da Matsayin 'Yan Gudun Hijira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Human Rights Campaign 2014 |title=Hong Kong recognized Trans woman without Sex reassignment Surgery |url=http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006154905/http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=3 February 2015}}</ref> Shari'ar Rubashkyn ya ja hankalin kafafen yaɗa labarai na ƙasa da ƙasa da lauyoyi bayan cin zarafin da aka yi mata biyo bayan tsare ta a filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong saboda rashin jituwa tsakanin [[Asalin jinsi|jinsinta]] da hoton fasfo dinta, wanda ya haifar da shekaru da dama na rashin ƙasa a Hong Kong.  da kuma ƙasƙantar da ɗan adam zuwa cibiyoyin mafaka da yawa a cikin Yuen Long. <ref name="Misunderstood and Stateless">{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> <ref name="UNHCR">{{Cite web |title=Transgender Refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong |url=http://www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/refdaily?pass=463ef21123&id=533cf1698 |access-date=20 March 2014 |publisher=UNHCR}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 April 2014 |title=Hong Kong is 'hell' Transgender postgrad student-turned-refugee struggles to be recognised as a woman |url=http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006110553/http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=gaystarnews.com}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta koma New Zealand a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira a cikin shekarar 2014, kuma an ba ta shaida ta ƙasar New Zealand a cikin shekarar 2018. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee says NZ paradise |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/transgender-refugee-says-nz-paradise/FOX7DUD3XTF4K6OWN72OH2FWPE/ |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2023, an tuhumi Rubashkyn da laifuffuka biyu na kai hari kan jefa ruwan [[tumatir]] a kan masu fafutuka Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull da Tania Suzanne Sturt a wata zanga-zangar adawa da ziyarar Keen-Minshull. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-14 |title=Posie Parker assault case: Tomato juice protester Eliana Golberstein pleads guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-assault-case-tomato-juice-protester-eli-rubashkyn-pleads-guilty/J4XEWQPOJZF4XP654KYDSJTX2Q/ |access-date=2024-06-14 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Rubashkyn a [[Kolombiya|Colombia]] ga mahaifiyar Bayahudiya 'yar ƙasar Yukren wacce ta koma can a shekarun 1970s. An haife ta tare da yanayin jima'i na rashin jin daɗi na androgen kuma an sanya shi namiji a lokacin haihuwa. <ref name="3news">{{Cite web |date=26 July 2015 |title=Gender refugee hopes for NZ citizenship |url=http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151225151833/http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |archive-date=25 December 2015 |access-date=23 December 2015 |publisher=3 Degrees - TV3 New Zealand}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vesga |first=Alejandro |date=11 July 2015 |title=El purgatorio de una transgénero víctima de un pasaporte con sexo masculino |url=http://www.kienyke.com/historias/el-purgatorio-de-una-transgenero-victima-de-un-pasaporte-con-sexo-masculino/}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2011, Rubashkyn ta sami digirinta a fannin harhaɗa magunguna da [[Kimiyya|sinadarai]] a Jami'ar ƙasa ta Colombia, kuma tana magana da harsuna biyar sosai. <ref name=":3"/> Bayan ta yi karatun ilmin halitta a Jami'ar Granada, an ba ta guraben karatu don haɓaka karatun digiri na biyu a fannin kiwon lafiyar jama'a a Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta [[Taipei]], kuma a lokaci guda ta fara canjin yanayi da tabbatar da jinsi a [[Taiwan]]. Rubashkyn ta gano cewa caka mata wuka a Colombia ne ya sa ta yanke shawarar neman ilimi a wasu wurare. === Rashin kasa === A cikin shekara guda da fara maganin maye gurbin hormone, yanayin jikin Rubashkyn ya canza sosai saboda yanayin jima'i, kuma hukumomin shige da fice na Taiwan sun buƙaci ta sabunta fasfo ɗinta a ƙaramin ofishin jakadancin Colombia kafin ta fara shekara ta biyu na karatun masters. Ta yi tafiya zuwa [[Hong Kong]] don yin hakan, amma lokacin da ta isa cibiyar shige da fice ta filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong, an tsare ta sama da watanni takwas a tsare da kuma cibiyoyin ‘yan gudun hijira da dama saboda rashin sanin yanayin shari’arta. <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 March 2014 |title=The Colombian transgender woman stranded in Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/la-transgenero-colombiana-atrapada-en-hong-kong/381292-3 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref> <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong to be recognised as woman |url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1457021/transgender-refugee-goes-through-hell-hong-kong-be-recognised-woman |access-date=3 March 2014 |website=South China Morning Post}}</ref> <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=2020-02-28 |title=Making New Zealand Home: Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/national/programmes/afternoons/audio/2018736234/making-new-zealand-home-eliana-rubashkyn |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=RNZ |language=en-nz}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta sha fama da cin zarafi da cin zarafi da musgunawa akai-akai a wurare da dama da take rayuwa a ciki. An tsare ta a wani sashin kula da taɓin hankali na Asibitin Sarauniya Elizabeth da ke Kowloon, sakamakon wani yunkurin kashe kanta, bayan an yi mata wulakanci da lalata da ita. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Live Interview (In Spanish) on CNN after being released from her reclusion in Hong Kong and China |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UkEsMq5xKfA/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> Ta kasa neman mafaka don a ba ta kariya a matsayinta na 'yar gudun hijira a Hong Kong saboda gwamnati ba ta amince da yarjejeniyar 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ba, ta fuskanci kora, kuma ta fuskanci mugun hali a wurin da ake tsare da filin jirgin sama. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ƙi tuntuɓar ofishin jakadancinta na gida don hana fitar da ita saboda rashin taimakon diflomasiyya da suka bayar, kuma ta zama ''marar'' ƙasa a ranar 30 ga watan Oktoba 2012. Matsayin Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ya iyakance hulɗar <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">&#x5D; ''<nowiki><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (April 2024)">za</span></nowiki>'' &#x5B;</sup> iya yi da hukumomi daga gwamnatocin Colombia. <ref name=":4"/> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Stuck in limbo the tragic story of the transgender refugee Eliana Rubashkyn |url=http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006162731/http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Time Out Hong Kong}}</ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=1 April 2010 |title=UNHCR and De Facto Statelessness |url=http://www.unhcr.org/4bc2ddeb9.pdf |access-date=28 November 2017 |publisher=Hugh Massey, Senior Legal Adviser, UNHCR Geneva}}</ref> Tare da taimakon [[Amnesty International]] da hukumar kula da 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya (UNHCR), an ba ta matsayin [[Ƴan gudun hijira|'yan gudun hijira]];  duk da haka, saboda Hong Kong ba ta sanya hannu kan taron ƴan gudun hijira na 1951 ba, ba ta amince da ita a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ba kuma ta nemi a tura ta zuwa Colombia. Lamarin nata ya ja hankalin duniya, musamman a Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya da Kolombiya, inda ake yawan cin zarafi tsakanin maza da mata da maza da mata. An kuma lura da shari'arta a [[New Zealand]], ƙasar da aka sani da matsayinta game da daidaito ga mutanen LGBTI. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cơn ác mộng của người chuyển giới ở Hong Kong |url=http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006101242/http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=Hot News Vietnam}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 April 2014 |title=Transgender refugee stranded in Hong Kong describes struggle to be recognized as woman |url=http://shanghaiist.com/2014/04/03/transgender-refugee-hong-kong.php |access-date=3 April 2014 |publisher=Shanhaiist}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=La historia de Eliana, la joven transgénero que está atrapada en Hong Kong |url=http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141010092822/http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |archive-date=10 October 2014 |access-date=29 March 2014 |publisher=Diario El País}}</ref> A watan Disamba na shekarar 2013, Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta ba da mafita ta hanyar amincewa Rubashkyn a matsayin mace a ƙarƙashin tsarin 'yan gudun hijira na UNHCR. Ta zama mace ta farko da aka amince da ita a matsayin mace a [[Sin|China]] ko Hong Kong ba tare da an yi mata tiyatar sake aikin jima'i ba ko kuma ta hanyar likita. <ref>{{Cite web |last=caracol.com.co |title=Transexual reconocida como mujer en China |url=http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006102218/http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 January 2014}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=行街紙隱去性別未變性博士准住女病房 |url=http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/news/art/20140315/18657221 |access-date=2 January 2014 |publisher=Apple Daily Hong Kong}}</ref> Wani labari na [[CNN]] game da gwagwarmayar ta da kuma ɗan gajeren fim game da rayuwarta a Hong Kong ta sami lambar yabo ta GLAAD Media Award a watan Mayu 2015. === Maidowa === A cikin watan Mayun 2014, New Zealand ta karɓi Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira kuma ta ba ta mafaka, ta ƙara fahimtar jinsinta a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 July 2014 |title=En libertad la transgénero presa en Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/eliana-rubashkyn-transgenero-colombiana-en-hong-kong-quedo-libre/394176-3 |access-date=5 January 2015 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref> Shari'arta ita ce ta farko a duniya da aka amince da jinsin mutum a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Eliana Rubashkyn. First case of International gender recognition through asylum |url=http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006140105/http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=Fundacion Triangulo}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Transexual colombiana atrapada en Hong Kong recibe refugio en Nueva Zelanda |url=http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006125201/http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=RCN}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2015, auren Rubashkyn ya sami kulawar kafofin watsa labaru mai mahimmanci lokacin da magatakarda na NZ na Aure ya nemi mataccen suna Rubashkyn, tare da sunanta na shari'a, don yin rajistar auren. A cikin shekarar 2019, Rubashkyn ya ba da shaida a matsayin wani ɓangare na binciken kisan Grace Millane, bayan da ta fahimci cewa ta yi wa wanda ake tuhuma hidima a wani kantin magani na Auckland. <ref name="Millane"/> == Sana'a == Tun lokacin da aka sake ta a New Zealand, Rubashkyn ta yi aiki a matsayin mai harhaɗa magunguna kuma tana da hannu cikin ayyukan bayar da shawarwari da yawa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ministry seeks feedback on draft vaping regulations, while pharmacy sales slow |url=https://www.pharmacytoday.co.nz/article/ministry-seeks-feedback-draft-vaping-regulations-while-pharmacy-sales-slow |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Pharmacy Today |language=en}}</ref> === Gwagwarmaya/Fafutuka === Rubashkyn ta ba da shawarar haƙƙoƙin 'yan gudun hijira da jima'i, transgender, da bambancin jinsi a New Zealand da kuma duniya baki ɗaya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rainbow refugees come to NZ to find safety, but say the system is not built for them |url=https://www.renews.co.nz/rainbow-refugees-come-to-nz-to-find-safety-but-say-the-system-is-not-built-for-them/ |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=www.renews.co.nz |language=en-US}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ba da gudummawa ga shirin ci gaban Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya da kuma Hukumar Kula da 'Yan Gudun Hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya a matsayinta na wacce ta kafa Rainbow Path Aotearoa New Zealand, wata kungiyar bayar da shawarwari ta 'yan gudun hijira ta LGBT. Yayin zanga-zangar adawa da Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull a [[Auckland]] a ranar 25 ga watan Maris 2023, Rubashkyn ta jefa ruwan tumatir a kan Keen-Minshull. Daga baya, Rubashkyn ta ba da rahoton samun barazanar kisa. Rubashkyn ta tafi Ostiraliya, sannan Amurka, tana mai cewa tana tsoron a kama ta a New Zealand. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice thrower says arrest warrant imminent |url=https://www.1news.co.nz/2023/03/29/posie-parker-juice-thrower-says-arrest-warrant-imminent/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=1 News |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='I am scared': Posie Parker juice-thrower claims arrest warrant pending |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-tomato-juicer-eli-rubashkyn-says-arrest-warrant-likely-to-be-filed/T7LTM7JSFVHVDKOLE37BTVDVBY/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=reporter |first=Auckland |date=2023-03-30 |title=Police lay assault charge on woman who threw juice over Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/131647981/police-lay-assault-charge-on-woman-who-threw-juice-over-posie-parker |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> Daga baya 'yan sandan New Zealand sun tuhume ta da laifuffuka biyu na hari, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-en-route-for-new-york-after-arrest-claim/OBCY2CCNPJAULNQOHSQVCXX6Y4/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Franks |first=Raphael |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.newstalkzb.co.nz/news/national/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-charged-with-assault/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=ZB |language=en-nz}}</ref> <ref name=":0" /> daya kirga kan lamarin ruwan tumatir da Keen-Minshull da kuma wani harin da aka kai wa wani daban, wanda ba a san ko wanene ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Woman accused of throwing juice over Posie Parker pleads not guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/woman-accused-of-throwing-juice-over-womens-rights-activist-posie-parker-pleads-not-guilty/QI24T5Z5BBCG5GDEDAP6I7KIEI/ |access-date=2023-04-07 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> Magoya bayan Rubashkyn sun tara sama da dala 15,000 a cikin makonni biyu da suka biyo bayan lamarin don biyan kuɗinta na shari'a. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Shibu |date=2023-03-31 |title=Fundraiser For NZ Trans Activist Who Doused Kellie-Jay Keen With Tomato Sauce |url=https://www.starobserver.com.au/news/international-news-news/fundraiser-for-nz-trans-activist-who-doused-kellie-jay-keen-with-tomato-sauce/222889 |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Star Observer |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Afrilun 2023, lauyan Rubashkyn ya shigar da kara a madadinta, tare da komawa kotu a watan Yuli. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=2023-04-05 |title=Protester pleads not guilty to assault after throwing juice on Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/crime/300848339/protester-pleads-not-guilty-to-assault-after-throwing-juice-on-posie-parker |access-date=2023-04-06 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 20 ga watan Satumba, lauyan Rubashkyn James Olsen ya nemi a soke tuhumar da ake yi mata a kotun gundumar Auckland. Keen-Minshull ta kwaɗaitar da magoya bayanta da su taru a kusa da kotun ta kafafen sada zumunta; Bayan ta yi watsi da shirin tafiya na biyu zuwa New Zealand saboda matsalolin tsaro. Magoya bayan Keen-Minshull da suka haɗa da kungiyar "Bari mace ta yi magana" sun haɗu da mambobin kungiyar Trans Liberation Alliance (TLA) da suka taru a kotun St Patrick da ke kusa da kotun gundumar Auckland. Wannan zanga-zangar ta kasance cikin lumana tare da ‘yan sanda sun raba kungiyoyin biyu. Olsen ya bayar da hujjar cewa ya kamata a yi watsi da karar tun da Keen-Minshull ya ki gabatar da kara ko mika shaida ga ‘yan sanda. Dan sanda mai gabatar da kara Sajan Phil Mann ya nemi ya dogara da kalaman da Keen-Minshull ya yi na yin fim ga TVNZ bayan faruwar lamarin. Mai shari’a Claire Ryan ta ajiye hukuncinta har sai an saurari karar a watan Oktoba 2023. <ref name="NZH 21 Sep 2023" /> A ranar 26 ga watan Oktoba, alkalin kotun Ryan ya ki amincewa da yunkurin Rubashkyn na yin watsi da tuhumar da ake mata, ya kuma yanke hukuncin cewa za ta fuskanci shari'a kan laifuka biyu na cin zarafi da ake yi wa Keen-Minshull. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] <references /> 7o0yjr3r8pa887a8dswh5qmmy6z6k9n 826535 826533 2026-04-26T07:45:00Z Pharouqenr 25549 826535 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Eliana Rubashkyn''' (an Haife ta a ranar 25 ga watan Yuni 1988) 'yar ƙasar [[New Zealand]] likitar harhaɗa magunguna ce kuma masaniya a fannin ilmin sinadarai,<ref name="Millane">{{Cite web |date=2019-11-14 |title='I'm sorry': Moment murder accused admitted Grace was dead |url=https://www.odt.co.nz/news/national/im-sorry-moment-murder-accused-admitted-grace-was-dead |access-date=2023-04-01 |website=Otago Daily Times Online News |language=en}}</ref> sananniya ce da kasancewa mace ta farko da aka ba wa namiji lokacin haihuwa da aka amince da shi a matsayin [[mace]] mai tsarin [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] a ƙarƙashin dokar 'yan gudun hijira ta duniya. An haife ta a Kolombiya, Rubashkyn ba ta da ƙasa a da.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=McGee |first=Thomas |date=2020 |title=Rainbow statelessness - between sexual citizenship and legal theory: Exploring the statelessness-LGBTIQ+ nexus. |url=https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/agispt.20221018075985 |journal=Statelessness & Citizenship Review |volume=2(1) |issue=2 |pages=64–85 |via=[[Informit (database)|Informit]]}}</ref> Ha {{Efn|Rubashkyn uses both [[they/them]] and [[she/her]] pronouns. This article uses feminine pronouns for consistency.}} a halin yanzu tana aiki a matsayin jami'in shirye-shirye a duniya ta ILGA, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ælien Rubashkyn - ILGA World |url=https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907100944/https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |archive-date=7 September 2021 |access-date=7 September 2021}}</ref> kuma a matsayin masaniya a fannin kimiyyar rage cutar da ke haɓaka yakin neman hakkin ɗan adam na tallafi ga masu neman mafaka na LGBTI, 'yan gudun hijira da masu shiga tsakani a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=ITANZ - Intersex Awareness New Zealand 2019 - Board Members |url=http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |access-date=2024-07-05 |archive-date=2019-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190911065353/http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> An amince [[Jinsi|da jinsin]] Rubashkyn a ƙarƙashin Yarjejeniyar [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] ta 1951 dangane da Matsayin 'Yan Gudun Hijira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Human Rights Campaign 2014 |title=Hong Kong recognized Trans woman without Sex reassignment Surgery |url=http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006154905/http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=3 February 2015}}</ref> Shari'ar Rubashkyn ya ja hankalin kafafen yaɗa labarai na ƙasa da ƙasa da lauyoyi bayan cin zarafin da aka yi mata biyo bayan tsare ta a filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong saboda rashin jituwa tsakanin [[Asalin jinsi|jinsinta]] da hoton fasfo dinta, wanda ya haifar da shekaru da dama na rashin ƙasa a Hong Kong.  da kuma ƙasƙantar da ɗan adam zuwa cibiyoyin mafaka da yawa a cikin Yuen Long. <ref name="Misunderstood and Stateless">{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> <ref name="UNHCR">{{Cite web |title=Transgender Refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong |url=http://www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/refdaily?pass=463ef21123&id=533cf1698 |access-date=20 March 2014 |publisher=UNHCR}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 April 2014 |title=Hong Kong is 'hell' Transgender postgrad student-turned-refugee struggles to be recognised as a woman |url=http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006110553/http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=gaystarnews.com}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta koma New Zealand a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira a cikin shekarar 2014, kuma an ba ta shaida ta ƙasar New Zealand a cikin shekarar 2018. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee says NZ paradise |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/transgender-refugee-says-nz-paradise/FOX7DUD3XTF4K6OWN72OH2FWPE/ |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2023, an tuhumi Rubashkyn da laifuffuka biyu na kai hari kan jefa ruwan [[tumatir]] a kan masu fafutuka Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull da Tania Suzanne Sturt a wata zanga-zangar adawa da ziyarar Keen-Minshull. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-14 |title=Posie Parker assault case: Tomato juice protester Eliana Golberstein pleads guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-assault-case-tomato-juice-protester-eli-rubashkyn-pleads-guilty/J4XEWQPOJZF4XP654KYDSJTX2Q/ |access-date=2024-06-14 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Rubashkyn a [[Kolombiya|Colombia]] ga mahaifiyar Bayahudiya 'yar ƙasar Yukren wacce ta koma can a shekarun 1970s. An haife ta tare da yanayin jima'i na rashin jin daɗi na androgen kuma an sanya shi namiji a lokacin haihuwa. <ref name="3news">{{Cite web |date=26 July 2015 |title=Gender refugee hopes for NZ citizenship |url=http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151225151833/http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |archive-date=25 December 2015 |access-date=23 December 2015 |publisher=3 Degrees - TV3 New Zealand}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vesga |first=Alejandro |date=11 July 2015 |title=El purgatorio de una transgénero víctima de un pasaporte con sexo masculino |url=http://www.kienyke.com/historias/el-purgatorio-de-una-transgenero-victima-de-un-pasaporte-con-sexo-masculino/}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2011, Rubashkyn ta sami digirinta a fannin harhaɗa magunguna da [[Kimiyya|sinadarai]] a Jami'ar ƙasa ta Colombia, kuma tana magana da harsuna biyar sosai. <ref name=":3"/> Bayan ta yi karatun ilmin halitta a Jami'ar Granada, an ba ta guraben karatu don haɓaka karatun digiri na biyu a fannin kiwon lafiyar jama'a a Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta [[Taipei]], kuma a lokaci guda ta fara canjin yanayi da tabbatar da jinsi a [[Taiwan]]. Rubashkyn ta gano cewa caka mata wuka a Colombia ne ya sa ta yanke shawarar neman ilimi a wasu wurare. === Rashin kasa === A cikin shekara guda da fara maganin maye gurbin hormone, yanayin jikin Rubashkyn ya canza sosai saboda yanayin jima'i, kuma hukumomin shige da fice na Taiwan sun buƙaci ta sabunta fasfo ɗinta a ƙaramin ofishin jakadancin Colombia kafin ta fara shekara ta biyu na karatun masters. Ta yi tafiya zuwa [[Hong Kong]] don yin hakan, amma lokacin da ta isa cibiyar shige da fice ta filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong, an tsare ta sama da watanni takwas a tsare da kuma cibiyoyin ‘yan gudun hijira da dama saboda rashin sanin yanayin shari’arta. <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 March 2014 |title=The Colombian transgender woman stranded in Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/la-transgenero-colombiana-atrapada-en-hong-kong/381292-3 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref> <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong to be recognised as woman |url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1457021/transgender-refugee-goes-through-hell-hong-kong-be-recognised-woman |access-date=3 March 2014 |website=South China Morning Post}}</ref> <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=2020-02-28 |title=Making New Zealand Home: Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/national/programmes/afternoons/audio/2018736234/making-new-zealand-home-eliana-rubashkyn |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=RNZ |language=en-nz}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta sha fama da cin zarafi da cin zarafi da musgunawa akai-akai a wurare da dama da take rayuwa a ciki. An tsare ta a wani sashin kula da taɓin hankali na Asibitin Sarauniya Elizabeth da ke Kowloon, sakamakon wani yunkurin kashe kanta, bayan an yi mata wulakanci da lalata da ita. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Live Interview (In Spanish) on CNN after being released from her reclusion in Hong Kong and China |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UkEsMq5xKfA/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> Ta kasa neman mafaka don a ba ta kariya a matsayinta na 'yar gudun hijira a Hong Kong saboda gwamnati ba ta amince da yarjejeniyar 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ba, ta fuskanci kora, kuma ta fuskanci mugun hali a wurin da ake tsare da filin jirgin sama. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ƙi tuntuɓar ofishin jakadancinta na gida don hana fitar da ita saboda rashin taimakon diflomasiyya da suka bayar, kuma ta zama ''marar'' ƙasa a ranar 30 ga watan Oktoba 2012. Matsayin Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ya iyakance hulɗar <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">&#x5D; ''<nowiki><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (April 2024)">za</span></nowiki>'' &#x5B;</sup> iya yi da hukumomi daga gwamnatocin Colombia. <ref name=":4"/> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Stuck in limbo the tragic story of the transgender refugee Eliana Rubashkyn |url=http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006162731/http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Time Out Hong Kong}}</ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=1 April 2010 |title=UNHCR and De Facto Statelessness |url=http://www.unhcr.org/4bc2ddeb9.pdf |access-date=28 November 2017 |publisher=Hugh Massey, Senior Legal Adviser, UNHCR Geneva}}</ref> Tare da taimakon [[Amnesty International]] da hukumar kula da 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya (UNHCR), an ba ta matsayin [[Ƴan gudun hijira|'yan gudun hijira]];  duk da haka, saboda Hong Kong ba ta sanya hannu kan taron ƴan gudun hijira na 1951 ba, ba ta amince da ita a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ba kuma ta nemi a tura ta zuwa Colombia. Lamarin nata ya ja hankalin duniya, musamman a Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya da Kolombiya, inda ake yawan cin zarafi tsakanin maza da mata da maza da mata. An kuma lura da shari'arta a [[New Zealand]], ƙasar da aka sani da matsayinta game da daidaito ga mutanen LGBTI. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cơn ác mộng của người chuyển giới ở Hong Kong |url=http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006101242/http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=Hot News Vietnam}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 April 2014 |title=Transgender refugee stranded in Hong Kong describes struggle to be recognized as woman |url=http://shanghaiist.com/2014/04/03/transgender-refugee-hong-kong.php |access-date=3 April 2014 |publisher=Shanhaiist}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=La historia de Eliana, la joven transgénero que está atrapada en Hong Kong |url=http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141010092822/http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |archive-date=10 October 2014 |access-date=29 March 2014 |publisher=Diario El País}}</ref> A watan Disamba na shekarar 2013, Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta ba da mafita ta hanyar amincewa Rubashkyn a matsayin mace a ƙarƙashin tsarin 'yan gudun hijira na UNHCR. Ta zama mace ta farko da aka amince da ita a matsayin mace a [[Sin|China]] ko Hong Kong ba tare da an yi mata tiyatar sake aikin jima'i ba ko kuma ta hanyar likita. <ref>{{Cite web |last=caracol.com.co |title=Transexual reconocida como mujer en China |url=http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006102218/http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 January 2014}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=行街紙隱去性別未變性博士准住女病房 |url=http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/news/art/20140315/18657221 |access-date=2 January 2014 |publisher=Apple Daily Hong Kong}}</ref> Wani labari na [[CNN]] game da gwagwarmayar ta da kuma ɗan gajeren fim game da rayuwarta a Hong Kong ta sami lambar yabo ta GLAAD Media Award a watan Mayu 2015. === Maidowa === A cikin watan Mayun 2014, New Zealand ta karɓi Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira kuma ta ba ta mafaka, ta ƙara fahimtar jinsinta a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 July 2014 |title=En libertad la transgénero presa en Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/eliana-rubashkyn-transgenero-colombiana-en-hong-kong-quedo-libre/394176-3 |access-date=5 January 2015 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref> Shari'arta ita ce ta farko a duniya da aka amince da jinsin mutum a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Eliana Rubashkyn. First case of International gender recognition through asylum |url=http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006140105/http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=Fundacion Triangulo}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Transexual colombiana atrapada en Hong Kong recibe refugio en Nueva Zelanda |url=http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006125201/http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=RCN}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2015, auren Rubashkyn ya sami kulawar kafofin watsa labaru mai mahimmanci lokacin da magatakarda na NZ na Aure ya nemi mataccen suna Rubashkyn, tare da sunanta na shari'a, don yin rajistar auren. A cikin shekarar 2019, Rubashkyn ya ba da shaida a matsayin wani ɓangare na binciken kisan Grace Millane, bayan da ta fahimci cewa ta yi wa wanda ake tuhuma hidima a wani kantin magani na Auckland. <ref name="Millane"/> == Sana'a == Tun lokacin da aka sake ta a New Zealand, Rubashkyn ta yi aiki a matsayin mai harhaɗa magunguna kuma tana da hannu cikin ayyukan bayar da shawarwari da yawa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ministry seeks feedback on draft vaping regulations, while pharmacy sales slow |url=https://www.pharmacytoday.co.nz/article/ministry-seeks-feedback-draft-vaping-regulations-while-pharmacy-sales-slow |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Pharmacy Today |language=en}}</ref> === Gwagwarmaya/Fafutuka === Rubashkyn ta ba da shawarar haƙƙoƙin 'yan gudun hijira da jima'i, transgender, da bambancin jinsi a New Zealand da kuma duniya baki ɗaya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rainbow refugees come to NZ to find safety, but say the system is not built for them |url=https://www.renews.co.nz/rainbow-refugees-come-to-nz-to-find-safety-but-say-the-system-is-not-built-for-them/ |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=www.renews.co.nz |language=en-US}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ba da gudummawa ga shirin ci gaban Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya da kuma Hukumar Kula da 'Yan Gudun Hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya a matsayinta na wacce ta kafa Rainbow Path Aotearoa New Zealand, wata kungiyar bayar da shawarwari ta 'yan gudun hijira ta LGBT. Yayin zanga-zangar adawa da Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull a [[Auckland]] a ranar 25 ga watan Maris 2023, Rubashkyn ta jefa ruwan tumatir a kan Keen-Minshull. Daga baya, Rubashkyn ta ba da rahoton samun barazanar kisa. Rubashkyn ta tafi Ostiraliya, sannan Amurka, tana mai cewa tana tsoron a kama ta a New Zealand. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice thrower says arrest warrant imminent |url=https://www.1news.co.nz/2023/03/29/posie-parker-juice-thrower-says-arrest-warrant-imminent/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=1 News |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='I am scared': Posie Parker juice-thrower claims arrest warrant pending |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-tomato-juicer-eli-rubashkyn-says-arrest-warrant-likely-to-be-filed/T7LTM7JSFVHVDKOLE37BTVDVBY/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=reporter |first=Auckland |date=2023-03-30 |title=Police lay assault charge on woman who threw juice over Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/131647981/police-lay-assault-charge-on-woman-who-threw-juice-over-posie-parker |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> Daga baya 'yan sandan New Zealand sun tuhume ta da laifuffuka biyu na hari, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-en-route-for-new-york-after-arrest-claim/OBCY2CCNPJAULNQOHSQVCXX6Y4/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Franks |first=Raphael |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.newstalkzb.co.nz/news/national/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-charged-with-assault/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=ZB |language=en-nz}}</ref> <ref name=":0" /> daya kirga kan lamarin ruwan tumatir da Keen-Minshull da kuma wani harin da aka kai wa wani daban, wanda ba a san ko wanene ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Woman accused of throwing juice over Posie Parker pleads not guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/woman-accused-of-throwing-juice-over-womens-rights-activist-posie-parker-pleads-not-guilty/QI24T5Z5BBCG5GDEDAP6I7KIEI/ |access-date=2023-04-07 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> Magoya bayan Rubashkyn sun tara sama da dala 15,000 a cikin makonni biyu da suka biyo bayan lamarin don biyan kuɗinta na shari'a. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Shibu |date=2023-03-31 |title=Fundraiser For NZ Trans Activist Who Doused Kellie-Jay Keen With Tomato Sauce |url=https://www.starobserver.com.au/news/international-news-news/fundraiser-for-nz-trans-activist-who-doused-kellie-jay-keen-with-tomato-sauce/222889 |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Star Observer |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Afrilun 2023, lauyan Rubashkyn ya shigar da kara a madadinta, tare da komawa kotu a watan Yuli. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=2023-04-05 |title=Protester pleads not guilty to assault after throwing juice on Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/crime/300848339/protester-pleads-not-guilty-to-assault-after-throwing-juice-on-posie-parker |access-date=2023-04-06 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 20 ga watan Satumba, lauyan Rubashkyn James Olsen ya nemi a soke tuhumar da ake yi mata a kotun gundumar Auckland. Keen-Minshull ta kwaɗaitar da magoya bayanta da su taru a kusa da kotun ta kafafen sada zumunta; Bayan ta yi watsi da shirin tafiya na biyu zuwa New Zealand saboda matsalolin tsaro. Magoya bayan Keen-Minshull da suka haɗa da kungiyar "Bari mace ta yi magana" sun haɗu da mambobin kungiyar Trans Liberation Alliance (TLA) da suka taru a kotun St Patrick da ke kusa da kotun gundumar Auckland. Wannan zanga-zangar ta kasance cikin lumana tare da ‘yan sanda sun raba kungiyoyin biyu. Olsen ya bayar da hujjar cewa ya kamata a yi watsi da karar tun da Keen-Minshull ya ki gabatar da kara ko mika shaida ga ‘yan sanda. Dan sanda mai gabatar da kara Sajan Phil Mann ya nemi ya dogara da kalaman da Keen-Minshull ya yi na yin fim ga TVNZ bayan faruwar lamarin. Mai shari’a Claire Ryan ta ajiye hukuncinta har sai an saurari karar a watan Oktoba 2023. <ref name="NZH 21 Sep 2023" /> A ranar 26 ga watan Oktoba, alkalin kotun Ryan ya ki amincewa da yunkurin Rubashkyn na yin watsi da tuhumar da ake mata, ya kuma yanke hukuncin cewa za ta fuskanci shari'a kan laifuka biyu na cin zarafi da ake yi wa Keen-Minshull. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] <references /> dc3l135tql5gtqtrm6zx2el6kh5abuz 826537 826535 2026-04-26T07:45:21Z Pharouqenr 25549 826537 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Eliana Rubashkyn''' (an Haife ta a ranar 25 ga watan Yuni 1988) 'yar ƙasar [[New Zealand]] likitar harhaɗa magunguna ce kuma masaniya a fannin ilmin sinadarai,<ref name="Millane">{{Cite web |date=2019-11-14 |title='I'm sorry': Moment murder accused admitted Grace was dead |url=https://www.odt.co.nz/news/national/im-sorry-moment-murder-accused-admitted-grace-was-dead |access-date=2023-04-01 |website=Otago Daily Times Online News |language=en}}</ref> sananniya ce da kasancewa mace ta farko da aka ba wa namiji lokacin haihuwa da aka amince da shi a matsayin [[mace]] mai tsarin [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] a ƙarƙashin dokar 'yan gudun hijira ta duniya. An haife ta a Kolombiya, Rubashkyn ba ta da ƙasa a da.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=McGee |first=Thomas |date=2020 |title=Rainbow statelessness - between sexual citizenship and legal theory: Exploring the statelessness-LGBTIQ+ nexus. |url=https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/agispt.20221018075985 |journal=Statelessness & Citizenship Review |volume=2(1) |issue=2 |pages=64–85 |via=[[Informit (database)|Informit]]}}</ref> a halin yanzu tana aiki a matsayin jami'in shirye-shirye a duniya ta ILGA, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ælien Rubashkyn - ILGA World |url=https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907100944/https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |archive-date=7 September 2021 |access-date=7 September 2021}}</ref> kuma a matsayin masaniya a fannin kimiyyar rage cutar da ke haɓaka yakin neman hakkin ɗan adam na tallafi ga masu neman mafaka na LGBTI, 'yan gudun hijira da masu shiga tsakani a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=ITANZ - Intersex Awareness New Zealand 2019 - Board Members |url=http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |access-date=2024-07-05 |archive-date=2019-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190911065353/http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> An amince [[Jinsi|da jinsin]] Rubashkyn a ƙarƙashin Yarjejeniyar [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] ta 1951 dangane da Matsayin 'Yan Gudun Hijira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Human Rights Campaign 2014 |title=Hong Kong recognized Trans woman without Sex reassignment Surgery |url=http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006154905/http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=3 February 2015}}</ref> Shari'ar Rubashkyn ya ja hankalin kafafen yaɗa labarai na ƙasa da ƙasa da lauyoyi bayan cin zarafin da aka yi mata biyo bayan tsare ta a filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong saboda rashin jituwa tsakanin [[Asalin jinsi|jinsinta]] da hoton fasfo dinta, wanda ya haifar da shekaru da dama na rashin ƙasa a Hong Kong.  da kuma ƙasƙantar da ɗan adam zuwa cibiyoyin mafaka da yawa a cikin Yuen Long. <ref name="Misunderstood and Stateless">{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> <ref name="UNHCR">{{Cite web |title=Transgender Refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong |url=http://www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/refdaily?pass=463ef21123&id=533cf1698 |access-date=20 March 2014 |publisher=UNHCR}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 April 2014 |title=Hong Kong is 'hell' Transgender postgrad student-turned-refugee struggles to be recognised as a woman |url=http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006110553/http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=gaystarnews.com}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta koma New Zealand a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira a cikin shekarar 2014, kuma an ba ta shaida ta ƙasar New Zealand a cikin shekarar 2018. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee says NZ paradise |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/transgender-refugee-says-nz-paradise/FOX7DUD3XTF4K6OWN72OH2FWPE/ |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2023, an tuhumi Rubashkyn da laifuffuka biyu na kai hari kan jefa ruwan [[tumatir]] a kan masu fafutuka Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull da Tania Suzanne Sturt a wata zanga-zangar adawa da ziyarar Keen-Minshull. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-14 |title=Posie Parker assault case: Tomato juice protester Eliana Golberstein pleads guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-assault-case-tomato-juice-protester-eli-rubashkyn-pleads-guilty/J4XEWQPOJZF4XP654KYDSJTX2Q/ |access-date=2024-06-14 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Rubashkyn a [[Kolombiya|Colombia]] ga mahaifiyar Bayahudiya 'yar ƙasar Yukren wacce ta koma can a shekarun 1970s. An haife ta tare da yanayin jima'i na rashin jin daɗi na androgen kuma an sanya shi namiji a lokacin haihuwa. <ref name="3news">{{Cite web |date=26 July 2015 |title=Gender refugee hopes for NZ citizenship |url=http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151225151833/http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |archive-date=25 December 2015 |access-date=23 December 2015 |publisher=3 Degrees - TV3 New Zealand}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vesga |first=Alejandro |date=11 July 2015 |title=El purgatorio de una transgénero víctima de un pasaporte con sexo masculino |url=http://www.kienyke.com/historias/el-purgatorio-de-una-transgenero-victima-de-un-pasaporte-con-sexo-masculino/}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2011, Rubashkyn ta sami digirinta a fannin harhaɗa magunguna da [[Kimiyya|sinadarai]] a Jami'ar ƙasa ta Colombia, kuma tana magana da harsuna biyar sosai. <ref name=":3"/> Bayan ta yi karatun ilmin halitta a Jami'ar Granada, an ba ta guraben karatu don haɓaka karatun digiri na biyu a fannin kiwon lafiyar jama'a a Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta [[Taipei]], kuma a lokaci guda ta fara canjin yanayi da tabbatar da jinsi a [[Taiwan]]. Rubashkyn ta gano cewa caka mata wuka a Colombia ne ya sa ta yanke shawarar neman ilimi a wasu wurare. === Rashin kasa === A cikin shekara guda da fara maganin maye gurbin hormone, yanayin jikin Rubashkyn ya canza sosai saboda yanayin jima'i, kuma hukumomin shige da fice na Taiwan sun buƙaci ta sabunta fasfo ɗinta a ƙaramin ofishin jakadancin Colombia kafin ta fara shekara ta biyu na karatun masters. Ta yi tafiya zuwa [[Hong Kong]] don yin hakan, amma lokacin da ta isa cibiyar shige da fice ta filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong, an tsare ta sama da watanni takwas a tsare da kuma cibiyoyin ‘yan gudun hijira da dama saboda rashin sanin yanayin shari’arta. <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 March 2014 |title=The Colombian transgender woman stranded in Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/la-transgenero-colombiana-atrapada-en-hong-kong/381292-3 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref> <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong to be recognised as woman |url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1457021/transgender-refugee-goes-through-hell-hong-kong-be-recognised-woman |access-date=3 March 2014 |website=South China Morning Post}}</ref> <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=2020-02-28 |title=Making New Zealand Home: Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/national/programmes/afternoons/audio/2018736234/making-new-zealand-home-eliana-rubashkyn |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=RNZ |language=en-nz}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta sha fama da cin zarafi da cin zarafi da musgunawa akai-akai a wurare da dama da take rayuwa a ciki. An tsare ta a wani sashin kula da taɓin hankali na Asibitin Sarauniya Elizabeth da ke Kowloon, sakamakon wani yunkurin kashe kanta, bayan an yi mata wulakanci da lalata da ita. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Live Interview (In Spanish) on CNN after being released from her reclusion in Hong Kong and China |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UkEsMq5xKfA/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> Ta kasa neman mafaka don a ba ta kariya a matsayinta na 'yar gudun hijira a Hong Kong saboda gwamnati ba ta amince da yarjejeniyar 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ba, ta fuskanci kora, kuma ta fuskanci mugun hali a wurin da ake tsare da filin jirgin sama. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ƙi tuntuɓar ofishin jakadancinta na gida don hana fitar da ita saboda rashin taimakon diflomasiyya da suka bayar, kuma ta zama ''marar'' ƙasa a ranar 30 ga watan Oktoba 2012. Matsayin Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ya iyakance hulɗar <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">&#x5D; ''<nowiki><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (April 2024)">za</span></nowiki>'' &#x5B;</sup> iya yi da hukumomi daga gwamnatocin Colombia. <ref name=":4"/> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Stuck in limbo the tragic story of the transgender refugee Eliana Rubashkyn |url=http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006162731/http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Time Out Hong Kong}}</ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=1 April 2010 |title=UNHCR and De Facto Statelessness |url=http://www.unhcr.org/4bc2ddeb9.pdf |access-date=28 November 2017 |publisher=Hugh Massey, Senior Legal Adviser, UNHCR Geneva}}</ref> Tare da taimakon [[Amnesty International]] da hukumar kula da 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya (UNHCR), an ba ta matsayin [[Ƴan gudun hijira|'yan gudun hijira]];  duk da haka, saboda Hong Kong ba ta sanya hannu kan taron ƴan gudun hijira na 1951 ba, ba ta amince da ita a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ba kuma ta nemi a tura ta zuwa Colombia. Lamarin nata ya ja hankalin duniya, musamman a Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya da Kolombiya, inda ake yawan cin zarafi tsakanin maza da mata da maza da mata. An kuma lura da shari'arta a [[New Zealand]], ƙasar da aka sani da matsayinta game da daidaito ga mutanen LGBTI. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cơn ác mộng của người chuyển giới ở Hong Kong |url=http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006101242/http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=Hot News Vietnam}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 April 2014 |title=Transgender refugee stranded in Hong Kong describes struggle to be recognized as woman |url=http://shanghaiist.com/2014/04/03/transgender-refugee-hong-kong.php |access-date=3 April 2014 |publisher=Shanhaiist}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=La historia de Eliana, la joven transgénero que está atrapada en Hong Kong |url=http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141010092822/http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |archive-date=10 October 2014 |access-date=29 March 2014 |publisher=Diario El País}}</ref> A watan Disamba na shekarar 2013, Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta ba da mafita ta hanyar amincewa Rubashkyn a matsayin mace a ƙarƙashin tsarin 'yan gudun hijira na UNHCR. Ta zama mace ta farko da aka amince da ita a matsayin mace a [[Sin|China]] ko Hong Kong ba tare da an yi mata tiyatar sake aikin jima'i ba ko kuma ta hanyar likita. <ref>{{Cite web |last=caracol.com.co |title=Transexual reconocida como mujer en China |url=http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006102218/http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 January 2014}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=行街紙隱去性別未變性博士准住女病房 |url=http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/news/art/20140315/18657221 |access-date=2 January 2014 |publisher=Apple Daily Hong Kong}}</ref> Wani labari na [[CNN]] game da gwagwarmayar ta da kuma ɗan gajeren fim game da rayuwarta a Hong Kong ta sami lambar yabo ta GLAAD Media Award a watan Mayu 2015. === Maidowa === A cikin watan Mayun 2014, New Zealand ta karɓi Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira kuma ta ba ta mafaka, ta ƙara fahimtar jinsinta a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 July 2014 |title=En libertad la transgénero presa en Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/eliana-rubashkyn-transgenero-colombiana-en-hong-kong-quedo-libre/394176-3 |access-date=5 January 2015 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref> Shari'arta ita ce ta farko a duniya da aka amince da jinsin mutum a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Eliana Rubashkyn. First case of International gender recognition through asylum |url=http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006140105/http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=Fundacion Triangulo}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Transexual colombiana atrapada en Hong Kong recibe refugio en Nueva Zelanda |url=http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006125201/http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=RCN}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2015, auren Rubashkyn ya sami kulawar kafofin watsa labaru mai mahimmanci lokacin da magatakarda na NZ na Aure ya nemi mataccen suna Rubashkyn, tare da sunanta na shari'a, don yin rajistar auren. A cikin shekarar 2019, Rubashkyn ya ba da shaida a matsayin wani ɓangare na binciken kisan Grace Millane, bayan da ta fahimci cewa ta yi wa wanda ake tuhuma hidima a wani kantin magani na Auckland. <ref name="Millane"/> == Sana'a == Tun lokacin da aka sake ta a New Zealand, Rubashkyn ta yi aiki a matsayin mai harhaɗa magunguna kuma tana da hannu cikin ayyukan bayar da shawarwari da yawa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ministry seeks feedback on draft vaping regulations, while pharmacy sales slow |url=https://www.pharmacytoday.co.nz/article/ministry-seeks-feedback-draft-vaping-regulations-while-pharmacy-sales-slow |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Pharmacy Today |language=en}}</ref> === Gwagwarmaya/Fafutuka === Rubashkyn ta ba da shawarar haƙƙoƙin 'yan gudun hijira da jima'i, transgender, da bambancin jinsi a New Zealand da kuma duniya baki ɗaya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rainbow refugees come to NZ to find safety, but say the system is not built for them |url=https://www.renews.co.nz/rainbow-refugees-come-to-nz-to-find-safety-but-say-the-system-is-not-built-for-them/ |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=www.renews.co.nz |language=en-US}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ba da gudummawa ga shirin ci gaban Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya da kuma Hukumar Kula da 'Yan Gudun Hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya a matsayinta na wacce ta kafa Rainbow Path Aotearoa New Zealand, wata kungiyar bayar da shawarwari ta 'yan gudun hijira ta LGBT. Yayin zanga-zangar adawa da Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull a [[Auckland]] a ranar 25 ga watan Maris 2023, Rubashkyn ta jefa ruwan tumatir a kan Keen-Minshull. Daga baya, Rubashkyn ta ba da rahoton samun barazanar kisa. Rubashkyn ta tafi Ostiraliya, sannan Amurka, tana mai cewa tana tsoron a kama ta a New Zealand. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice thrower says arrest warrant imminent |url=https://www.1news.co.nz/2023/03/29/posie-parker-juice-thrower-says-arrest-warrant-imminent/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=1 News |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='I am scared': Posie Parker juice-thrower claims arrest warrant pending |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-tomato-juicer-eli-rubashkyn-says-arrest-warrant-likely-to-be-filed/T7LTM7JSFVHVDKOLE37BTVDVBY/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=reporter |first=Auckland |date=2023-03-30 |title=Police lay assault charge on woman who threw juice over Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/131647981/police-lay-assault-charge-on-woman-who-threw-juice-over-posie-parker |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> Daga baya 'yan sandan New Zealand sun tuhume ta da laifuffuka biyu na hari, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-en-route-for-new-york-after-arrest-claim/OBCY2CCNPJAULNQOHSQVCXX6Y4/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Franks |first=Raphael |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.newstalkzb.co.nz/news/national/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-charged-with-assault/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=ZB |language=en-nz}}</ref> <ref name=":0" /> daya kirga kan lamarin ruwan tumatir da Keen-Minshull da kuma wani harin da aka kai wa wani daban, wanda ba a san ko wanene ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Woman accused of throwing juice over Posie Parker pleads not guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/woman-accused-of-throwing-juice-over-womens-rights-activist-posie-parker-pleads-not-guilty/QI24T5Z5BBCG5GDEDAP6I7KIEI/ |access-date=2023-04-07 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> Magoya bayan Rubashkyn sun tara sama da dala 15,000 a cikin makonni biyu da suka biyo bayan lamarin don biyan kuɗinta na shari'a. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Shibu |date=2023-03-31 |title=Fundraiser For NZ Trans Activist Who Doused Kellie-Jay Keen With Tomato Sauce |url=https://www.starobserver.com.au/news/international-news-news/fundraiser-for-nz-trans-activist-who-doused-kellie-jay-keen-with-tomato-sauce/222889 |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Star Observer |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Afrilun 2023, lauyan Rubashkyn ya shigar da kara a madadinta, tare da komawa kotu a watan Yuli. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=2023-04-05 |title=Protester pleads not guilty to assault after throwing juice on Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/crime/300848339/protester-pleads-not-guilty-to-assault-after-throwing-juice-on-posie-parker |access-date=2023-04-06 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 20 ga watan Satumba, lauyan Rubashkyn James Olsen ya nemi a soke tuhumar da ake yi mata a kotun gundumar Auckland. Keen-Minshull ta kwaɗaitar da magoya bayanta da su taru a kusa da kotun ta kafafen sada zumunta; Bayan ta yi watsi da shirin tafiya na biyu zuwa New Zealand saboda matsalolin tsaro. Magoya bayan Keen-Minshull da suka haɗa da kungiyar "Bari mace ta yi magana" sun haɗu da mambobin kungiyar Trans Liberation Alliance (TLA) da suka taru a kotun St Patrick da ke kusa da kotun gundumar Auckland. Wannan zanga-zangar ta kasance cikin lumana tare da ‘yan sanda sun raba kungiyoyin biyu. Olsen ya bayar da hujjar cewa ya kamata a yi watsi da karar tun da Keen-Minshull ya ki gabatar da kara ko mika shaida ga ‘yan sanda. Dan sanda mai gabatar da kara Sajan Phil Mann ya nemi ya dogara da kalaman da Keen-Minshull ya yi na yin fim ga TVNZ bayan faruwar lamarin. Mai shari’a Claire Ryan ta ajiye hukuncinta har sai an saurari karar a watan Oktoba 2023. <ref name="NZH 21 Sep 2023" /> A ranar 26 ga watan Oktoba, alkalin kotun Ryan ya ki amincewa da yunkurin Rubashkyn na yin watsi da tuhumar da ake mata, ya kuma yanke hukuncin cewa za ta fuskanci shari'a kan laifuka biyu na cin zarafi da ake yi wa Keen-Minshull. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] <references /> jq51aqncniajua2pfko4rwiap4dxuwk 826538 826537 2026-04-26T07:45:43Z Pharouqenr 25549 826538 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Eliana Rubashkyn''' (an Haife ta a ranar 25 ga watan Yuni 1988) 'yar ƙasar [[New Zealand]] likitar harhaɗa magunguna ce kuma masaniya a fannin ilmin sinadarai,<ref name="Millane">{{Cite web |date=2019-11-14 |title='I'm sorry': Moment murder accused admitted Grace was dead |url=https://www.odt.co.nz/news/national/im-sorry-moment-murder-accused-admitted-grace-was-dead |access-date=2023-04-01 |website=Otago Daily Times Online News |language=en}}</ref> sananniya ce da kasancewa mace ta farko da aka ba wa namiji lokacin haihuwa da aka amince da shi a matsayin [[mace]] mai tsarin [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] a ƙarƙashin dokar 'yan gudun hijira ta duniya. An haife ta a Kolombiya, Rubashkyn ba ta da ƙasa a da.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=McGee |first=Thomas |date=2020 |title=Rainbow statelessness - between sexual citizenship and legal theory: Exploring the statelessness-LGBTIQ+ nexus. |url=https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/agispt.20221018075985 |journal=Statelessness & Citizenship Review |volume=2(1) |issue=2 |pages=64–85 |via=[[Informit (database)|Informit]]}}</ref> a halin yanzu tana aiki a matsayin jami'in shirye-shirye a duniya ta ILGA,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ælien Rubashkyn - ILGA World |url=https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907100944/https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |archive-date=7 September 2021 |access-date=7 September 2021}}</ref> kuma a matsayin masaniya a fannin kimiyyar rage cutar da ke haɓaka yakin neman hakkin ɗan adam na tallafi ga masu neman mafaka na LGBTI, 'yan gudun hijira da masu shiga tsakani a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=ITANZ - Intersex Awareness New Zealand 2019 - Board Members |url=http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |access-date=2024-07-05 |archive-date=2019-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190911065353/http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> An amince [[Jinsi|da jinsin]] Rubashkyn a ƙarƙashin Yarjejeniyar [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] ta 1951 dangane da Matsayin 'Yan Gudun Hijira. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Human Rights Campaign 2014 |title=Hong Kong recognized Trans woman without Sex reassignment Surgery |url=http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006154905/http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=3 February 2015}}</ref> Shari'ar Rubashkyn ya ja hankalin kafafen yaɗa labarai na ƙasa da ƙasa da lauyoyi bayan cin zarafin da aka yi mata biyo bayan tsare ta a filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong saboda rashin jituwa tsakanin [[Asalin jinsi|jinsinta]] da hoton fasfo dinta, wanda ya haifar da shekaru da dama na rashin ƙasa a Hong Kong.  da kuma ƙasƙantar da ɗan adam zuwa cibiyoyin mafaka da yawa a cikin Yuen Long. <ref name="Misunderstood and Stateless">{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> <ref name="UNHCR">{{Cite web |title=Transgender Refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong |url=http://www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/refdaily?pass=463ef21123&id=533cf1698 |access-date=20 March 2014 |publisher=UNHCR}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 April 2014 |title=Hong Kong is 'hell' Transgender postgrad student-turned-refugee struggles to be recognised as a woman |url=http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006110553/http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=gaystarnews.com}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta koma New Zealand a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira a cikin shekarar 2014, kuma an ba ta shaida ta ƙasar New Zealand a cikin shekarar 2018. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee says NZ paradise |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/transgender-refugee-says-nz-paradise/FOX7DUD3XTF4K6OWN72OH2FWPE/ |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2023, an tuhumi Rubashkyn da laifuffuka biyu na kai hari kan jefa ruwan [[tumatir]] a kan masu fafutuka Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull da Tania Suzanne Sturt a wata zanga-zangar adawa da ziyarar Keen-Minshull. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-14 |title=Posie Parker assault case: Tomato juice protester Eliana Golberstein pleads guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-assault-case-tomato-juice-protester-eli-rubashkyn-pleads-guilty/J4XEWQPOJZF4XP654KYDSJTX2Q/ |access-date=2024-06-14 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Rubashkyn a [[Kolombiya|Colombia]] ga mahaifiyar Bayahudiya 'yar ƙasar Yukren wacce ta koma can a shekarun 1970s. An haife ta tare da yanayin jima'i na rashin jin daɗi na androgen kuma an sanya shi namiji a lokacin haihuwa. <ref name="3news">{{Cite web |date=26 July 2015 |title=Gender refugee hopes for NZ citizenship |url=http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151225151833/http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |archive-date=25 December 2015 |access-date=23 December 2015 |publisher=3 Degrees - TV3 New Zealand}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vesga |first=Alejandro |date=11 July 2015 |title=El purgatorio de una transgénero víctima de un pasaporte con sexo masculino |url=http://www.kienyke.com/historias/el-purgatorio-de-una-transgenero-victima-de-un-pasaporte-con-sexo-masculino/}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2011, Rubashkyn ta sami digirinta a fannin harhaɗa magunguna da [[Kimiyya|sinadarai]] a Jami'ar ƙasa ta Colombia, kuma tana magana da harsuna biyar sosai. <ref name=":3"/> Bayan ta yi karatun ilmin halitta a Jami'ar Granada, an ba ta guraben karatu don haɓaka karatun digiri na biyu a fannin kiwon lafiyar jama'a a Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta [[Taipei]], kuma a lokaci guda ta fara canjin yanayi da tabbatar da jinsi a [[Taiwan]]. Rubashkyn ta gano cewa caka mata wuka a Colombia ne ya sa ta yanke shawarar neman ilimi a wasu wurare. === Rashin kasa === A cikin shekara guda da fara maganin maye gurbin hormone, yanayin jikin Rubashkyn ya canza sosai saboda yanayin jima'i, kuma hukumomin shige da fice na Taiwan sun buƙaci ta sabunta fasfo ɗinta a ƙaramin ofishin jakadancin Colombia kafin ta fara shekara ta biyu na karatun masters. Ta yi tafiya zuwa [[Hong Kong]] don yin hakan, amma lokacin da ta isa cibiyar shige da fice ta filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong, an tsare ta sama da watanni takwas a tsare da kuma cibiyoyin ‘yan gudun hijira da dama saboda rashin sanin yanayin shari’arta. <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 March 2014 |title=The Colombian transgender woman stranded in Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/la-transgenero-colombiana-atrapada-en-hong-kong/381292-3 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref> <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong to be recognised as woman |url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1457021/transgender-refugee-goes-through-hell-hong-kong-be-recognised-woman |access-date=3 March 2014 |website=South China Morning Post}}</ref> <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=2020-02-28 |title=Making New Zealand Home: Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/national/programmes/afternoons/audio/2018736234/making-new-zealand-home-eliana-rubashkyn |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=RNZ |language=en-nz}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta sha fama da cin zarafi da cin zarafi da musgunawa akai-akai a wurare da dama da take rayuwa a ciki. An tsare ta a wani sashin kula da taɓin hankali na Asibitin Sarauniya Elizabeth da ke Kowloon, sakamakon wani yunkurin kashe kanta, bayan an yi mata wulakanci da lalata da ita. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Live Interview (In Spanish) on CNN after being released from her reclusion in Hong Kong and China |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UkEsMq5xKfA/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> Ta kasa neman mafaka don a ba ta kariya a matsayinta na 'yar gudun hijira a Hong Kong saboda gwamnati ba ta amince da yarjejeniyar 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ba, ta fuskanci kora, kuma ta fuskanci mugun hali a wurin da ake tsare da filin jirgin sama. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ƙi tuntuɓar ofishin jakadancinta na gida don hana fitar da ita saboda rashin taimakon diflomasiyya da suka bayar, kuma ta zama ''marar'' ƙasa a ranar 30 ga watan Oktoba 2012. Matsayin Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ya iyakance hulɗar <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">&#x5D; ''<nowiki><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (April 2024)">za</span></nowiki>'' &#x5B;</sup> iya yi da hukumomi daga gwamnatocin Colombia. <ref name=":4"/> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Stuck in limbo the tragic story of the transgender refugee Eliana Rubashkyn |url=http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006162731/http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Time Out Hong Kong}}</ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=1 April 2010 |title=UNHCR and De Facto Statelessness |url=http://www.unhcr.org/4bc2ddeb9.pdf |access-date=28 November 2017 |publisher=Hugh Massey, Senior Legal Adviser, UNHCR Geneva}}</ref> Tare da taimakon [[Amnesty International]] da hukumar kula da 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya (UNHCR), an ba ta matsayin [[Ƴan gudun hijira|'yan gudun hijira]];  duk da haka, saboda Hong Kong ba ta sanya hannu kan taron ƴan gudun hijira na 1951 ba, ba ta amince da ita a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ba kuma ta nemi a tura ta zuwa Colombia. Lamarin nata ya ja hankalin duniya, musamman a Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya da Kolombiya, inda ake yawan cin zarafi tsakanin maza da mata da maza da mata. An kuma lura da shari'arta a [[New Zealand]], ƙasar da aka sani da matsayinta game da daidaito ga mutanen LGBTI. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cơn ác mộng của người chuyển giới ở Hong Kong |url=http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006101242/http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=Hot News Vietnam}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 April 2014 |title=Transgender refugee stranded in Hong Kong describes struggle to be recognized as woman |url=http://shanghaiist.com/2014/04/03/transgender-refugee-hong-kong.php |access-date=3 April 2014 |publisher=Shanhaiist}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=La historia de Eliana, la joven transgénero que está atrapada en Hong Kong |url=http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141010092822/http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |archive-date=10 October 2014 |access-date=29 March 2014 |publisher=Diario El País}}</ref> A watan Disamba na shekarar 2013, Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta ba da mafita ta hanyar amincewa Rubashkyn a matsayin mace a ƙarƙashin tsarin 'yan gudun hijira na UNHCR. Ta zama mace ta farko da aka amince da ita a matsayin mace a [[Sin|China]] ko Hong Kong ba tare da an yi mata tiyatar sake aikin jima'i ba ko kuma ta hanyar likita. <ref>{{Cite web |last=caracol.com.co |title=Transexual reconocida como mujer en China |url=http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006102218/http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 January 2014}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=行街紙隱去性別未變性博士准住女病房 |url=http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/news/art/20140315/18657221 |access-date=2 January 2014 |publisher=Apple Daily Hong Kong}}</ref> Wani labari na [[CNN]] game da gwagwarmayar ta da kuma ɗan gajeren fim game da rayuwarta a Hong Kong ta sami lambar yabo ta GLAAD Media Award a watan Mayu 2015. === Maidowa === A cikin watan Mayun 2014, New Zealand ta karɓi Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira kuma ta ba ta mafaka, ta ƙara fahimtar jinsinta a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 July 2014 |title=En libertad la transgénero presa en Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/eliana-rubashkyn-transgenero-colombiana-en-hong-kong-quedo-libre/394176-3 |access-date=5 January 2015 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref> Shari'arta ita ce ta farko a duniya da aka amince da jinsin mutum a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Eliana Rubashkyn. First case of International gender recognition through asylum |url=http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006140105/http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=Fundacion Triangulo}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Transexual colombiana atrapada en Hong Kong recibe refugio en Nueva Zelanda |url=http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006125201/http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=RCN}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2015, auren Rubashkyn ya sami kulawar kafofin watsa labaru mai mahimmanci lokacin da magatakarda na NZ na Aure ya nemi mataccen suna Rubashkyn, tare da sunanta na shari'a, don yin rajistar auren. A cikin shekarar 2019, Rubashkyn ya ba da shaida a matsayin wani ɓangare na binciken kisan Grace Millane, bayan da ta fahimci cewa ta yi wa wanda ake tuhuma hidima a wani kantin magani na Auckland. <ref name="Millane"/> == Sana'a == Tun lokacin da aka sake ta a New Zealand, Rubashkyn ta yi aiki a matsayin mai harhaɗa magunguna kuma tana da hannu cikin ayyukan bayar da shawarwari da yawa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ministry seeks feedback on draft vaping regulations, while pharmacy sales slow |url=https://www.pharmacytoday.co.nz/article/ministry-seeks-feedback-draft-vaping-regulations-while-pharmacy-sales-slow |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Pharmacy Today |language=en}}</ref> === Gwagwarmaya/Fafutuka === Rubashkyn ta ba da shawarar haƙƙoƙin 'yan gudun hijira da jima'i, transgender, da bambancin jinsi a New Zealand da kuma duniya baki ɗaya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rainbow refugees come to NZ to find safety, but say the system is not built for them |url=https://www.renews.co.nz/rainbow-refugees-come-to-nz-to-find-safety-but-say-the-system-is-not-built-for-them/ |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=www.renews.co.nz |language=en-US}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ba da gudummawa ga shirin ci gaban Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya da kuma Hukumar Kula da 'Yan Gudun Hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya a matsayinta na wacce ta kafa Rainbow Path Aotearoa New Zealand, wata kungiyar bayar da shawarwari ta 'yan gudun hijira ta LGBT. Yayin zanga-zangar adawa da Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull a [[Auckland]] a ranar 25 ga watan Maris 2023, Rubashkyn ta jefa ruwan tumatir a kan Keen-Minshull. Daga baya, Rubashkyn ta ba da rahoton samun barazanar kisa. Rubashkyn ta tafi Ostiraliya, sannan Amurka, tana mai cewa tana tsoron a kama ta a New Zealand. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice thrower says arrest warrant imminent |url=https://www.1news.co.nz/2023/03/29/posie-parker-juice-thrower-says-arrest-warrant-imminent/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=1 News |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='I am scared': Posie Parker juice-thrower claims arrest warrant pending |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-tomato-juicer-eli-rubashkyn-says-arrest-warrant-likely-to-be-filed/T7LTM7JSFVHVDKOLE37BTVDVBY/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=reporter |first=Auckland |date=2023-03-30 |title=Police lay assault charge on woman who threw juice over Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/131647981/police-lay-assault-charge-on-woman-who-threw-juice-over-posie-parker |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> Daga baya 'yan sandan New Zealand sun tuhume ta da laifuffuka biyu na hari, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-en-route-for-new-york-after-arrest-claim/OBCY2CCNPJAULNQOHSQVCXX6Y4/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Franks |first=Raphael |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.newstalkzb.co.nz/news/national/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-charged-with-assault/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=ZB |language=en-nz}}</ref> <ref name=":0" /> daya kirga kan lamarin ruwan tumatir da Keen-Minshull da kuma wani harin da aka kai wa wani daban, wanda ba a san ko wanene ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Woman accused of throwing juice over Posie Parker pleads not guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/woman-accused-of-throwing-juice-over-womens-rights-activist-posie-parker-pleads-not-guilty/QI24T5Z5BBCG5GDEDAP6I7KIEI/ |access-date=2023-04-07 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> Magoya bayan Rubashkyn sun tara sama da dala 15,000 a cikin makonni biyu da suka biyo bayan lamarin don biyan kuɗinta na shari'a. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Shibu |date=2023-03-31 |title=Fundraiser For NZ Trans Activist Who Doused Kellie-Jay Keen With Tomato Sauce |url=https://www.starobserver.com.au/news/international-news-news/fundraiser-for-nz-trans-activist-who-doused-kellie-jay-keen-with-tomato-sauce/222889 |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Star Observer |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Afrilun 2023, lauyan Rubashkyn ya shigar da kara a madadinta, tare da komawa kotu a watan Yuli. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=2023-04-05 |title=Protester pleads not guilty to assault after throwing juice on Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/crime/300848339/protester-pleads-not-guilty-to-assault-after-throwing-juice-on-posie-parker |access-date=2023-04-06 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 20 ga watan Satumba, lauyan Rubashkyn James Olsen ya nemi a soke tuhumar da ake yi mata a kotun gundumar Auckland. Keen-Minshull ta kwaɗaitar da magoya bayanta da su taru a kusa da kotun ta kafafen sada zumunta; Bayan ta yi watsi da shirin tafiya na biyu zuwa New Zealand saboda matsalolin tsaro. Magoya bayan Keen-Minshull da suka haɗa da kungiyar "Bari mace ta yi magana" sun haɗu da mambobin kungiyar Trans Liberation Alliance (TLA) da suka taru a kotun St Patrick da ke kusa da kotun gundumar Auckland. Wannan zanga-zangar ta kasance cikin lumana tare da ‘yan sanda sun raba kungiyoyin biyu. Olsen ya bayar da hujjar cewa ya kamata a yi watsi da karar tun da Keen-Minshull ya ki gabatar da kara ko mika shaida ga ‘yan sanda. Dan sanda mai gabatar da kara Sajan Phil Mann ya nemi ya dogara da kalaman da Keen-Minshull ya yi na yin fim ga TVNZ bayan faruwar lamarin. Mai shari’a Claire Ryan ta ajiye hukuncinta har sai an saurari karar a watan Oktoba 2023. <ref name="NZH 21 Sep 2023" /> A ranar 26 ga watan Oktoba, alkalin kotun Ryan ya ki amincewa da yunkurin Rubashkyn na yin watsi da tuhumar da ake mata, ya kuma yanke hukuncin cewa za ta fuskanci shari'a kan laifuka biyu na cin zarafi da ake yi wa Keen-Minshull. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] <references /> 30d4ol2lde433t5xzd4evss299epj4x 826541 826538 2026-04-26T07:46:09Z Pharouqenr 25549 826541 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Eliana Rubashkyn''' (an Haife ta a ranar 25 ga watan Yuni 1988) 'yar ƙasar [[New Zealand]] likitar harhaɗa magunguna ce kuma masaniya a fannin ilmin sinadarai,<ref name="Millane">{{Cite web |date=2019-11-14 |title='I'm sorry': Moment murder accused admitted Grace was dead |url=https://www.odt.co.nz/news/national/im-sorry-moment-murder-accused-admitted-grace-was-dead |access-date=2023-04-01 |website=Otago Daily Times Online News |language=en}}</ref> sananniya ce da kasancewa mace ta farko da aka ba wa namiji lokacin haihuwa da aka amince da shi a matsayin [[mace]] mai tsarin [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] a ƙarƙashin dokar 'yan gudun hijira ta duniya. An haife ta a Kolombiya, Rubashkyn ba ta da ƙasa a da.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=McGee |first=Thomas |date=2020 |title=Rainbow statelessness - between sexual citizenship and legal theory: Exploring the statelessness-LGBTIQ+ nexus. |url=https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/agispt.20221018075985 |journal=Statelessness & Citizenship Review |volume=2(1) |issue=2 |pages=64–85 |via=[[Informit (database)|Informit]]}}</ref> a halin yanzu tana aiki a matsayin jami'in shirye-shirye a duniya ta ILGA,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ælien Rubashkyn - ILGA World |url=https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907100944/https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |archive-date=7 September 2021 |access-date=7 September 2021}}</ref> kuma a matsayin masaniya a fannin kimiyyar rage cutar da ke haɓaka yakin neman hakkin ɗan adam na tallafi ga masu neman mafaka na LGBTI, 'yan gudun hijira da masu shiga tsakani a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=ITANZ - Intersex Awareness New Zealand 2019 - Board Members |url=http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |access-date=2024-07-05 |archive-date=2019-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190911065353/http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> An amince [[Jinsi|da jinsin]] Rubashkyn a ƙarƙashin Yarjejeniyar [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] ta 1951 dangane da Matsayin 'Yan Gudun Hijira.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Human Rights Campaign 2014 |title=Hong Kong recognized Trans woman without Sex reassignment Surgery |url=http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006154905/http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=3 February 2015}}</ref> Shari'ar Rubashkyn ya ja hankalin kafafen yaɗa labarai na ƙasa da ƙasa da lauyoyi bayan cin zarafin da aka yi mata biyo bayan tsare ta a filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong saboda rashin jituwa tsakanin [[Asalin jinsi|jinsinta]] da hoton fasfo dinta, wanda ya haifar da shekaru da dama na rashin ƙasa a Hong Kong.  da kuma ƙasƙantar da ɗan adam zuwa cibiyoyin mafaka da yawa a cikin Yuen Long. <ref name="Misunderstood and Stateless">{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> <ref name="UNHCR">{{Cite web |title=Transgender Refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong |url=http://www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/refdaily?pass=463ef21123&id=533cf1698 |access-date=20 March 2014 |publisher=UNHCR}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 April 2014 |title=Hong Kong is 'hell' Transgender postgrad student-turned-refugee struggles to be recognised as a woman |url=http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006110553/http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=gaystarnews.com}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta koma New Zealand a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira a cikin shekarar 2014, kuma an ba ta shaida ta ƙasar New Zealand a cikin shekarar 2018. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee says NZ paradise |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/transgender-refugee-says-nz-paradise/FOX7DUD3XTF4K6OWN72OH2FWPE/ |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2023, an tuhumi Rubashkyn da laifuffuka biyu na kai hari kan jefa ruwan [[tumatir]] a kan masu fafutuka Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull da Tania Suzanne Sturt a wata zanga-zangar adawa da ziyarar Keen-Minshull. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-14 |title=Posie Parker assault case: Tomato juice protester Eliana Golberstein pleads guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-assault-case-tomato-juice-protester-eli-rubashkyn-pleads-guilty/J4XEWQPOJZF4XP654KYDSJTX2Q/ |access-date=2024-06-14 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Rubashkyn a [[Kolombiya|Colombia]] ga mahaifiyar Bayahudiya 'yar ƙasar Yukren wacce ta koma can a shekarun 1970s. An haife ta tare da yanayin jima'i na rashin jin daɗi na androgen kuma an sanya shi namiji a lokacin haihuwa. <ref name="3news">{{Cite web |date=26 July 2015 |title=Gender refugee hopes for NZ citizenship |url=http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151225151833/http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |archive-date=25 December 2015 |access-date=23 December 2015 |publisher=3 Degrees - TV3 New Zealand}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vesga |first=Alejandro |date=11 July 2015 |title=El purgatorio de una transgénero víctima de un pasaporte con sexo masculino |url=http://www.kienyke.com/historias/el-purgatorio-de-una-transgenero-victima-de-un-pasaporte-con-sexo-masculino/}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2011, Rubashkyn ta sami digirinta a fannin harhaɗa magunguna da [[Kimiyya|sinadarai]] a Jami'ar ƙasa ta Colombia, kuma tana magana da harsuna biyar sosai. <ref name=":3"/> Bayan ta yi karatun ilmin halitta a Jami'ar Granada, an ba ta guraben karatu don haɓaka karatun digiri na biyu a fannin kiwon lafiyar jama'a a Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta [[Taipei]], kuma a lokaci guda ta fara canjin yanayi da tabbatar da jinsi a [[Taiwan]]. Rubashkyn ta gano cewa caka mata wuka a Colombia ne ya sa ta yanke shawarar neman ilimi a wasu wurare. === Rashin kasa === A cikin shekara guda da fara maganin maye gurbin hormone, yanayin jikin Rubashkyn ya canza sosai saboda yanayin jima'i, kuma hukumomin shige da fice na Taiwan sun buƙaci ta sabunta fasfo ɗinta a ƙaramin ofishin jakadancin Colombia kafin ta fara shekara ta biyu na karatun masters. Ta yi tafiya zuwa [[Hong Kong]] don yin hakan, amma lokacin da ta isa cibiyar shige da fice ta filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong, an tsare ta sama da watanni takwas a tsare da kuma cibiyoyin ‘yan gudun hijira da dama saboda rashin sanin yanayin shari’arta. <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 March 2014 |title=The Colombian transgender woman stranded in Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/la-transgenero-colombiana-atrapada-en-hong-kong/381292-3 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref> <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong to be recognised as woman |url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1457021/transgender-refugee-goes-through-hell-hong-kong-be-recognised-woman |access-date=3 March 2014 |website=South China Morning Post}}</ref> <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=2020-02-28 |title=Making New Zealand Home: Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/national/programmes/afternoons/audio/2018736234/making-new-zealand-home-eliana-rubashkyn |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=RNZ |language=en-nz}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta sha fama da cin zarafi da cin zarafi da musgunawa akai-akai a wurare da dama da take rayuwa a ciki. An tsare ta a wani sashin kula da taɓin hankali na Asibitin Sarauniya Elizabeth da ke Kowloon, sakamakon wani yunkurin kashe kanta, bayan an yi mata wulakanci da lalata da ita. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Live Interview (In Spanish) on CNN after being released from her reclusion in Hong Kong and China |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UkEsMq5xKfA/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> Ta kasa neman mafaka don a ba ta kariya a matsayinta na 'yar gudun hijira a Hong Kong saboda gwamnati ba ta amince da yarjejeniyar 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ba, ta fuskanci kora, kuma ta fuskanci mugun hali a wurin da ake tsare da filin jirgin sama. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ƙi tuntuɓar ofishin jakadancinta na gida don hana fitar da ita saboda rashin taimakon diflomasiyya da suka bayar, kuma ta zama ''marar'' ƙasa a ranar 30 ga watan Oktoba 2012. Matsayin Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ya iyakance hulɗar <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">&#x5D; ''<nowiki><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (April 2024)">za</span></nowiki>'' &#x5B;</sup> iya yi da hukumomi daga gwamnatocin Colombia. <ref name=":4"/> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Stuck in limbo the tragic story of the transgender refugee Eliana Rubashkyn |url=http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006162731/http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Time Out Hong Kong}}</ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=1 April 2010 |title=UNHCR and De Facto Statelessness |url=http://www.unhcr.org/4bc2ddeb9.pdf |access-date=28 November 2017 |publisher=Hugh Massey, Senior Legal Adviser, UNHCR Geneva}}</ref> Tare da taimakon [[Amnesty International]] da hukumar kula da 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya (UNHCR), an ba ta matsayin [[Ƴan gudun hijira|'yan gudun hijira]];  duk da haka, saboda Hong Kong ba ta sanya hannu kan taron ƴan gudun hijira na 1951 ba, ba ta amince da ita a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ba kuma ta nemi a tura ta zuwa Colombia. Lamarin nata ya ja hankalin duniya, musamman a Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya da Kolombiya, inda ake yawan cin zarafi tsakanin maza da mata da maza da mata. An kuma lura da shari'arta a [[New Zealand]], ƙasar da aka sani da matsayinta game da daidaito ga mutanen LGBTI. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cơn ác mộng của người chuyển giới ở Hong Kong |url=http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006101242/http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=Hot News Vietnam}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 April 2014 |title=Transgender refugee stranded in Hong Kong describes struggle to be recognized as woman |url=http://shanghaiist.com/2014/04/03/transgender-refugee-hong-kong.php |access-date=3 April 2014 |publisher=Shanhaiist}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=La historia de Eliana, la joven transgénero que está atrapada en Hong Kong |url=http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141010092822/http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |archive-date=10 October 2014 |access-date=29 March 2014 |publisher=Diario El País}}</ref> A watan Disamba na shekarar 2013, Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta ba da mafita ta hanyar amincewa Rubashkyn a matsayin mace a ƙarƙashin tsarin 'yan gudun hijira na UNHCR. Ta zama mace ta farko da aka amince da ita a matsayin mace a [[Sin|China]] ko Hong Kong ba tare da an yi mata tiyatar sake aikin jima'i ba ko kuma ta hanyar likita. <ref>{{Cite web |last=caracol.com.co |title=Transexual reconocida como mujer en China |url=http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006102218/http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 January 2014}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=行街紙隱去性別未變性博士准住女病房 |url=http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/news/art/20140315/18657221 |access-date=2 January 2014 |publisher=Apple Daily Hong Kong}}</ref> Wani labari na [[CNN]] game da gwagwarmayar ta da kuma ɗan gajeren fim game da rayuwarta a Hong Kong ta sami lambar yabo ta GLAAD Media Award a watan Mayu 2015. === Maidowa === A cikin watan Mayun 2014, New Zealand ta karɓi Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira kuma ta ba ta mafaka, ta ƙara fahimtar jinsinta a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 July 2014 |title=En libertad la transgénero presa en Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/eliana-rubashkyn-transgenero-colombiana-en-hong-kong-quedo-libre/394176-3 |access-date=5 January 2015 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref> Shari'arta ita ce ta farko a duniya da aka amince da jinsin mutum a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Eliana Rubashkyn. First case of International gender recognition through asylum |url=http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006140105/http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=Fundacion Triangulo}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Transexual colombiana atrapada en Hong Kong recibe refugio en Nueva Zelanda |url=http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006125201/http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=RCN}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2015, auren Rubashkyn ya sami kulawar kafofin watsa labaru mai mahimmanci lokacin da magatakarda na NZ na Aure ya nemi mataccen suna Rubashkyn, tare da sunanta na shari'a, don yin rajistar auren. A cikin shekarar 2019, Rubashkyn ya ba da shaida a matsayin wani ɓangare na binciken kisan Grace Millane, bayan da ta fahimci cewa ta yi wa wanda ake tuhuma hidima a wani kantin magani na Auckland. <ref name="Millane"/> == Sana'a == Tun lokacin da aka sake ta a New Zealand, Rubashkyn ta yi aiki a matsayin mai harhaɗa magunguna kuma tana da hannu cikin ayyukan bayar da shawarwari da yawa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ministry seeks feedback on draft vaping regulations, while pharmacy sales slow |url=https://www.pharmacytoday.co.nz/article/ministry-seeks-feedback-draft-vaping-regulations-while-pharmacy-sales-slow |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Pharmacy Today |language=en}}</ref> === Gwagwarmaya/Fafutuka === Rubashkyn ta ba da shawarar haƙƙoƙin 'yan gudun hijira da jima'i, transgender, da bambancin jinsi a New Zealand da kuma duniya baki ɗaya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rainbow refugees come to NZ to find safety, but say the system is not built for them |url=https://www.renews.co.nz/rainbow-refugees-come-to-nz-to-find-safety-but-say-the-system-is-not-built-for-them/ |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=www.renews.co.nz |language=en-US}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ba da gudummawa ga shirin ci gaban Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya da kuma Hukumar Kula da 'Yan Gudun Hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya a matsayinta na wacce ta kafa Rainbow Path Aotearoa New Zealand, wata kungiyar bayar da shawarwari ta 'yan gudun hijira ta LGBT. Yayin zanga-zangar adawa da Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull a [[Auckland]] a ranar 25 ga watan Maris 2023, Rubashkyn ta jefa ruwan tumatir a kan Keen-Minshull. Daga baya, Rubashkyn ta ba da rahoton samun barazanar kisa. Rubashkyn ta tafi Ostiraliya, sannan Amurka, tana mai cewa tana tsoron a kama ta a New Zealand. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice thrower says arrest warrant imminent |url=https://www.1news.co.nz/2023/03/29/posie-parker-juice-thrower-says-arrest-warrant-imminent/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=1 News |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='I am scared': Posie Parker juice-thrower claims arrest warrant pending |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-tomato-juicer-eli-rubashkyn-says-arrest-warrant-likely-to-be-filed/T7LTM7JSFVHVDKOLE37BTVDVBY/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=reporter |first=Auckland |date=2023-03-30 |title=Police lay assault charge on woman who threw juice over Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/131647981/police-lay-assault-charge-on-woman-who-threw-juice-over-posie-parker |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> Daga baya 'yan sandan New Zealand sun tuhume ta da laifuffuka biyu na hari, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-en-route-for-new-york-after-arrest-claim/OBCY2CCNPJAULNQOHSQVCXX6Y4/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Franks |first=Raphael |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.newstalkzb.co.nz/news/national/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-charged-with-assault/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=ZB |language=en-nz}}</ref> <ref name=":0" /> daya kirga kan lamarin ruwan tumatir da Keen-Minshull da kuma wani harin da aka kai wa wani daban, wanda ba a san ko wanene ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Woman accused of throwing juice over Posie Parker pleads not guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/woman-accused-of-throwing-juice-over-womens-rights-activist-posie-parker-pleads-not-guilty/QI24T5Z5BBCG5GDEDAP6I7KIEI/ |access-date=2023-04-07 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> Magoya bayan Rubashkyn sun tara sama da dala 15,000 a cikin makonni biyu da suka biyo bayan lamarin don biyan kuɗinta na shari'a. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Shibu |date=2023-03-31 |title=Fundraiser For NZ Trans Activist Who Doused Kellie-Jay Keen With Tomato Sauce |url=https://www.starobserver.com.au/news/international-news-news/fundraiser-for-nz-trans-activist-who-doused-kellie-jay-keen-with-tomato-sauce/222889 |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Star Observer |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Afrilun 2023, lauyan Rubashkyn ya shigar da kara a madadinta, tare da komawa kotu a watan Yuli. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=2023-04-05 |title=Protester pleads not guilty to assault after throwing juice on Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/crime/300848339/protester-pleads-not-guilty-to-assault-after-throwing-juice-on-posie-parker |access-date=2023-04-06 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 20 ga watan Satumba, lauyan Rubashkyn James Olsen ya nemi a soke tuhumar da ake yi mata a kotun gundumar Auckland. Keen-Minshull ta kwaɗaitar da magoya bayanta da su taru a kusa da kotun ta kafafen sada zumunta; Bayan ta yi watsi da shirin tafiya na biyu zuwa New Zealand saboda matsalolin tsaro. Magoya bayan Keen-Minshull da suka haɗa da kungiyar "Bari mace ta yi magana" sun haɗu da mambobin kungiyar Trans Liberation Alliance (TLA) da suka taru a kotun St Patrick da ke kusa da kotun gundumar Auckland. Wannan zanga-zangar ta kasance cikin lumana tare da ‘yan sanda sun raba kungiyoyin biyu. Olsen ya bayar da hujjar cewa ya kamata a yi watsi da karar tun da Keen-Minshull ya ki gabatar da kara ko mika shaida ga ‘yan sanda. Dan sanda mai gabatar da kara Sajan Phil Mann ya nemi ya dogara da kalaman da Keen-Minshull ya yi na yin fim ga TVNZ bayan faruwar lamarin. Mai shari’a Claire Ryan ta ajiye hukuncinta har sai an saurari karar a watan Oktoba 2023. <ref name="NZH 21 Sep 2023" /> A ranar 26 ga watan Oktoba, alkalin kotun Ryan ya ki amincewa da yunkurin Rubashkyn na yin watsi da tuhumar da ake mata, ya kuma yanke hukuncin cewa za ta fuskanci shari'a kan laifuka biyu na cin zarafi da ake yi wa Keen-Minshull. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] <references /> czoweh2c7qunxv4mmakiyrftlai8qpi 826542 826541 2026-04-26T07:46:27Z Pharouqenr 25549 826542 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Eliana Rubashkyn''' (an Haife ta a ranar 25 ga watan Yuni 1988) 'yar ƙasar [[New Zealand]] likitar harhaɗa magunguna ce kuma masaniya a fannin ilmin sinadarai,<ref name="Millane">{{Cite web |date=2019-11-14 |title='I'm sorry': Moment murder accused admitted Grace was dead |url=https://www.odt.co.nz/news/national/im-sorry-moment-murder-accused-admitted-grace-was-dead |access-date=2023-04-01 |website=Otago Daily Times Online News |language=en}}</ref> sananniya ce da kasancewa mace ta farko da aka ba wa namiji lokacin haihuwa da aka amince da shi a matsayin [[mace]] mai tsarin [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] a ƙarƙashin dokar 'yan gudun hijira ta duniya. An haife ta a Kolombiya, Rubashkyn ba ta da ƙasa a da.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=McGee |first=Thomas |date=2020 |title=Rainbow statelessness - between sexual citizenship and legal theory: Exploring the statelessness-LGBTIQ+ nexus. |url=https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/agispt.20221018075985 |journal=Statelessness & Citizenship Review |volume=2(1) |issue=2 |pages=64–85 |via=[[Informit (database)|Informit]]}}</ref> a halin yanzu tana aiki a matsayin jami'in shirye-shirye a duniya ta ILGA,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ælien Rubashkyn - ILGA World |url=https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907100944/https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |archive-date=7 September 2021 |access-date=7 September 2021}}</ref> kuma a matsayin masaniya a fannin kimiyyar rage cutar da ke haɓaka yakin neman hakkin ɗan adam na tallafi ga masu neman mafaka na LGBTI, 'yan gudun hijira da masu shiga tsakani a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=ITANZ - Intersex Awareness New Zealand 2019 - Board Members |url=http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |access-date=2024-07-05 |archive-date=2019-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190911065353/http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> An amince [[Jinsi|da jinsin]] Rubashkyn a ƙarƙashin Yarjejeniyar [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] ta 1951 dangane da Matsayin 'Yan Gudun Hijira.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Human Rights Campaign 2014 |title=Hong Kong recognized Trans woman without Sex reassignment Surgery |url=http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006154905/http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=3 February 2015}}</ref> Shari'ar Rubashkyn ya ja hankalin kafafen yaɗa labarai na ƙasa da ƙasa da lauyoyi bayan cin zarafin da aka yi mata biyo bayan tsare ta a filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong saboda rashin jituwa tsakanin [[Asalin jinsi|jinsinta]] da hoton fasfo dinta, wanda ya haifar da shekaru da dama na rashin ƙasa a Hong Kong.  da kuma ƙasƙantar da ɗan adam zuwa cibiyoyin mafaka da yawa a cikin Yuen Long.<ref name="Misunderstood and Stateless">{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref><ref name="UNHCR">{{Cite web |title=Transgender Refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong |url=http://www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/refdaily?pass=463ef21123&id=533cf1698 |access-date=20 March 2014 |publisher=UNHCR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 April 2014 |title=Hong Kong is 'hell' Transgender postgrad student-turned-refugee struggles to be recognised as a woman |url=http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006110553/http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=gaystarnews.com}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta koma New Zealand a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira a cikin shekarar 2014, kuma an ba ta shaida ta ƙasar New Zealand a cikin shekarar 2018. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee says NZ paradise |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/transgender-refugee-says-nz-paradise/FOX7DUD3XTF4K6OWN72OH2FWPE/ |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2023, an tuhumi Rubashkyn da laifuffuka biyu na kai hari kan jefa ruwan [[tumatir]] a kan masu fafutuka Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull da Tania Suzanne Sturt a wata zanga-zangar adawa da ziyarar Keen-Minshull. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-14 |title=Posie Parker assault case: Tomato juice protester Eliana Golberstein pleads guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-assault-case-tomato-juice-protester-eli-rubashkyn-pleads-guilty/J4XEWQPOJZF4XP654KYDSJTX2Q/ |access-date=2024-06-14 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Rubashkyn a [[Kolombiya|Colombia]] ga mahaifiyar Bayahudiya 'yar ƙasar Yukren wacce ta koma can a shekarun 1970s. An haife ta tare da yanayin jima'i na rashin jin daɗi na androgen kuma an sanya shi namiji a lokacin haihuwa. <ref name="3news">{{Cite web |date=26 July 2015 |title=Gender refugee hopes for NZ citizenship |url=http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151225151833/http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |archive-date=25 December 2015 |access-date=23 December 2015 |publisher=3 Degrees - TV3 New Zealand}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vesga |first=Alejandro |date=11 July 2015 |title=El purgatorio de una transgénero víctima de un pasaporte con sexo masculino |url=http://www.kienyke.com/historias/el-purgatorio-de-una-transgenero-victima-de-un-pasaporte-con-sexo-masculino/}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2011, Rubashkyn ta sami digirinta a fannin harhaɗa magunguna da [[Kimiyya|sinadarai]] a Jami'ar ƙasa ta Colombia, kuma tana magana da harsuna biyar sosai. <ref name=":3"/> Bayan ta yi karatun ilmin halitta a Jami'ar Granada, an ba ta guraben karatu don haɓaka karatun digiri na biyu a fannin kiwon lafiyar jama'a a Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta [[Taipei]], kuma a lokaci guda ta fara canjin yanayi da tabbatar da jinsi a [[Taiwan]]. Rubashkyn ta gano cewa caka mata wuka a Colombia ne ya sa ta yanke shawarar neman ilimi a wasu wurare. === Rashin kasa === A cikin shekara guda da fara maganin maye gurbin hormone, yanayin jikin Rubashkyn ya canza sosai saboda yanayin jima'i, kuma hukumomin shige da fice na Taiwan sun buƙaci ta sabunta fasfo ɗinta a ƙaramin ofishin jakadancin Colombia kafin ta fara shekara ta biyu na karatun masters. Ta yi tafiya zuwa [[Hong Kong]] don yin hakan, amma lokacin da ta isa cibiyar shige da fice ta filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong, an tsare ta sama da watanni takwas a tsare da kuma cibiyoyin ‘yan gudun hijira da dama saboda rashin sanin yanayin shari’arta. <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 March 2014 |title=The Colombian transgender woman stranded in Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/la-transgenero-colombiana-atrapada-en-hong-kong/381292-3 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref> <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong to be recognised as woman |url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1457021/transgender-refugee-goes-through-hell-hong-kong-be-recognised-woman |access-date=3 March 2014 |website=South China Morning Post}}</ref> <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=2020-02-28 |title=Making New Zealand Home: Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/national/programmes/afternoons/audio/2018736234/making-new-zealand-home-eliana-rubashkyn |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=RNZ |language=en-nz}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta sha fama da cin zarafi da cin zarafi da musgunawa akai-akai a wurare da dama da take rayuwa a ciki. An tsare ta a wani sashin kula da taɓin hankali na Asibitin Sarauniya Elizabeth da ke Kowloon, sakamakon wani yunkurin kashe kanta, bayan an yi mata wulakanci da lalata da ita. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Live Interview (In Spanish) on CNN after being released from her reclusion in Hong Kong and China |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UkEsMq5xKfA/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> Ta kasa neman mafaka don a ba ta kariya a matsayinta na 'yar gudun hijira a Hong Kong saboda gwamnati ba ta amince da yarjejeniyar 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ba, ta fuskanci kora, kuma ta fuskanci mugun hali a wurin da ake tsare da filin jirgin sama. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ƙi tuntuɓar ofishin jakadancinta na gida don hana fitar da ita saboda rashin taimakon diflomasiyya da suka bayar, kuma ta zama ''marar'' ƙasa a ranar 30 ga watan Oktoba 2012. Matsayin Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ya iyakance hulɗar <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">&#x5D; ''<nowiki><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (April 2024)">za</span></nowiki>'' &#x5B;</sup> iya yi da hukumomi daga gwamnatocin Colombia. <ref name=":4"/> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Stuck in limbo the tragic story of the transgender refugee Eliana Rubashkyn |url=http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006162731/http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Time Out Hong Kong}}</ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=1 April 2010 |title=UNHCR and De Facto Statelessness |url=http://www.unhcr.org/4bc2ddeb9.pdf |access-date=28 November 2017 |publisher=Hugh Massey, Senior Legal Adviser, UNHCR Geneva}}</ref> Tare da taimakon [[Amnesty International]] da hukumar kula da 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya (UNHCR), an ba ta matsayin [[Ƴan gudun hijira|'yan gudun hijira]];  duk da haka, saboda Hong Kong ba ta sanya hannu kan taron ƴan gudun hijira na 1951 ba, ba ta amince da ita a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ba kuma ta nemi a tura ta zuwa Colombia. Lamarin nata ya ja hankalin duniya, musamman a Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya da Kolombiya, inda ake yawan cin zarafi tsakanin maza da mata da maza da mata. An kuma lura da shari'arta a [[New Zealand]], ƙasar da aka sani da matsayinta game da daidaito ga mutanen LGBTI. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cơn ác mộng của người chuyển giới ở Hong Kong |url=http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006101242/http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=Hot News Vietnam}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 April 2014 |title=Transgender refugee stranded in Hong Kong describes struggle to be recognized as woman |url=http://shanghaiist.com/2014/04/03/transgender-refugee-hong-kong.php |access-date=3 April 2014 |publisher=Shanhaiist}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=La historia de Eliana, la joven transgénero que está atrapada en Hong Kong |url=http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141010092822/http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |archive-date=10 October 2014 |access-date=29 March 2014 |publisher=Diario El País}}</ref> A watan Disamba na shekarar 2013, Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta ba da mafita ta hanyar amincewa Rubashkyn a matsayin mace a ƙarƙashin tsarin 'yan gudun hijira na UNHCR. Ta zama mace ta farko da aka amince da ita a matsayin mace a [[Sin|China]] ko Hong Kong ba tare da an yi mata tiyatar sake aikin jima'i ba ko kuma ta hanyar likita. <ref>{{Cite web |last=caracol.com.co |title=Transexual reconocida como mujer en China |url=http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006102218/http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 January 2014}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=行街紙隱去性別未變性博士准住女病房 |url=http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/news/art/20140315/18657221 |access-date=2 January 2014 |publisher=Apple Daily Hong Kong}}</ref> Wani labari na [[CNN]] game da gwagwarmayar ta da kuma ɗan gajeren fim game da rayuwarta a Hong Kong ta sami lambar yabo ta GLAAD Media Award a watan Mayu 2015. === Maidowa === A cikin watan Mayun 2014, New Zealand ta karɓi Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira kuma ta ba ta mafaka, ta ƙara fahimtar jinsinta a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 July 2014 |title=En libertad la transgénero presa en Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/eliana-rubashkyn-transgenero-colombiana-en-hong-kong-quedo-libre/394176-3 |access-date=5 January 2015 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref> Shari'arta ita ce ta farko a duniya da aka amince da jinsin mutum a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Eliana Rubashkyn. First case of International gender recognition through asylum |url=http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006140105/http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=Fundacion Triangulo}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Transexual colombiana atrapada en Hong Kong recibe refugio en Nueva Zelanda |url=http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006125201/http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=RCN}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2015, auren Rubashkyn ya sami kulawar kafofin watsa labaru mai mahimmanci lokacin da magatakarda na NZ na Aure ya nemi mataccen suna Rubashkyn, tare da sunanta na shari'a, don yin rajistar auren. A cikin shekarar 2019, Rubashkyn ya ba da shaida a matsayin wani ɓangare na binciken kisan Grace Millane, bayan da ta fahimci cewa ta yi wa wanda ake tuhuma hidima a wani kantin magani na Auckland. <ref name="Millane"/> == Sana'a == Tun lokacin da aka sake ta a New Zealand, Rubashkyn ta yi aiki a matsayin mai harhaɗa magunguna kuma tana da hannu cikin ayyukan bayar da shawarwari da yawa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ministry seeks feedback on draft vaping regulations, while pharmacy sales slow |url=https://www.pharmacytoday.co.nz/article/ministry-seeks-feedback-draft-vaping-regulations-while-pharmacy-sales-slow |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Pharmacy Today |language=en}}</ref> === Gwagwarmaya/Fafutuka === Rubashkyn ta ba da shawarar haƙƙoƙin 'yan gudun hijira da jima'i, transgender, da bambancin jinsi a New Zealand da kuma duniya baki ɗaya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rainbow refugees come to NZ to find safety, but say the system is not built for them |url=https://www.renews.co.nz/rainbow-refugees-come-to-nz-to-find-safety-but-say-the-system-is-not-built-for-them/ |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=www.renews.co.nz |language=en-US}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ba da gudummawa ga shirin ci gaban Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya da kuma Hukumar Kula da 'Yan Gudun Hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya a matsayinta na wacce ta kafa Rainbow Path Aotearoa New Zealand, wata kungiyar bayar da shawarwari ta 'yan gudun hijira ta LGBT. Yayin zanga-zangar adawa da Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull a [[Auckland]] a ranar 25 ga watan Maris 2023, Rubashkyn ta jefa ruwan tumatir a kan Keen-Minshull. Daga baya, Rubashkyn ta ba da rahoton samun barazanar kisa. Rubashkyn ta tafi Ostiraliya, sannan Amurka, tana mai cewa tana tsoron a kama ta a New Zealand. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice thrower says arrest warrant imminent |url=https://www.1news.co.nz/2023/03/29/posie-parker-juice-thrower-says-arrest-warrant-imminent/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=1 News |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='I am scared': Posie Parker juice-thrower claims arrest warrant pending |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-tomato-juicer-eli-rubashkyn-says-arrest-warrant-likely-to-be-filed/T7LTM7JSFVHVDKOLE37BTVDVBY/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=reporter |first=Auckland |date=2023-03-30 |title=Police lay assault charge on woman who threw juice over Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/131647981/police-lay-assault-charge-on-woman-who-threw-juice-over-posie-parker |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> Daga baya 'yan sandan New Zealand sun tuhume ta da laifuffuka biyu na hari, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-en-route-for-new-york-after-arrest-claim/OBCY2CCNPJAULNQOHSQVCXX6Y4/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Franks |first=Raphael |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.newstalkzb.co.nz/news/national/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-charged-with-assault/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=ZB |language=en-nz}}</ref> <ref name=":0" /> daya kirga kan lamarin ruwan tumatir da Keen-Minshull da kuma wani harin da aka kai wa wani daban, wanda ba a san ko wanene ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Woman accused of throwing juice over Posie Parker pleads not guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/woman-accused-of-throwing-juice-over-womens-rights-activist-posie-parker-pleads-not-guilty/QI24T5Z5BBCG5GDEDAP6I7KIEI/ |access-date=2023-04-07 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> Magoya bayan Rubashkyn sun tara sama da dala 15,000 a cikin makonni biyu da suka biyo bayan lamarin don biyan kuɗinta na shari'a. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Shibu |date=2023-03-31 |title=Fundraiser For NZ Trans Activist Who Doused Kellie-Jay Keen With Tomato Sauce |url=https://www.starobserver.com.au/news/international-news-news/fundraiser-for-nz-trans-activist-who-doused-kellie-jay-keen-with-tomato-sauce/222889 |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Star Observer |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Afrilun 2023, lauyan Rubashkyn ya shigar da kara a madadinta, tare da komawa kotu a watan Yuli. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=2023-04-05 |title=Protester pleads not guilty to assault after throwing juice on Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/crime/300848339/protester-pleads-not-guilty-to-assault-after-throwing-juice-on-posie-parker |access-date=2023-04-06 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 20 ga watan Satumba, lauyan Rubashkyn James Olsen ya nemi a soke tuhumar da ake yi mata a kotun gundumar Auckland. Keen-Minshull ta kwaɗaitar da magoya bayanta da su taru a kusa da kotun ta kafafen sada zumunta; Bayan ta yi watsi da shirin tafiya na biyu zuwa New Zealand saboda matsalolin tsaro. Magoya bayan Keen-Minshull da suka haɗa da kungiyar "Bari mace ta yi magana" sun haɗu da mambobin kungiyar Trans Liberation Alliance (TLA) da suka taru a kotun St Patrick da ke kusa da kotun gundumar Auckland. Wannan zanga-zangar ta kasance cikin lumana tare da ‘yan sanda sun raba kungiyoyin biyu. Olsen ya bayar da hujjar cewa ya kamata a yi watsi da karar tun da Keen-Minshull ya ki gabatar da kara ko mika shaida ga ‘yan sanda. Dan sanda mai gabatar da kara Sajan Phil Mann ya nemi ya dogara da kalaman da Keen-Minshull ya yi na yin fim ga TVNZ bayan faruwar lamarin. Mai shari’a Claire Ryan ta ajiye hukuncinta har sai an saurari karar a watan Oktoba 2023. <ref name="NZH 21 Sep 2023" /> A ranar 26 ga watan Oktoba, alkalin kotun Ryan ya ki amincewa da yunkurin Rubashkyn na yin watsi da tuhumar da ake mata, ya kuma yanke hukuncin cewa za ta fuskanci shari'a kan laifuka biyu na cin zarafi da ake yi wa Keen-Minshull. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] <references /> 62xbbbdan1ukbq46agfgh6adruty7ff 826544 826542 2026-04-26T07:46:41Z Pharouqenr 25549 826544 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Eliana Rubashkyn''' (an Haife ta a ranar 25 ga watan Yuni 1988) 'yar ƙasar [[New Zealand]] likitar harhaɗa magunguna ce kuma masaniya a fannin ilmin sinadarai,<ref name="Millane">{{Cite web |date=2019-11-14 |title='I'm sorry': Moment murder accused admitted Grace was dead |url=https://www.odt.co.nz/news/national/im-sorry-moment-murder-accused-admitted-grace-was-dead |access-date=2023-04-01 |website=Otago Daily Times Online News |language=en}}</ref> sananniya ce da kasancewa mace ta farko da aka ba wa namiji lokacin haihuwa da aka amince da shi a matsayin [[mace]] mai tsarin [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] a ƙarƙashin dokar 'yan gudun hijira ta duniya. An haife ta a Kolombiya, Rubashkyn ba ta da ƙasa a da.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=McGee |first=Thomas |date=2020 |title=Rainbow statelessness - between sexual citizenship and legal theory: Exploring the statelessness-LGBTIQ+ nexus. |url=https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/agispt.20221018075985 |journal=Statelessness & Citizenship Review |volume=2(1) |issue=2 |pages=64–85 |via=[[Informit (database)|Informit]]}}</ref> a halin yanzu tana aiki a matsayin jami'in shirye-shirye a duniya ta ILGA,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ælien Rubashkyn - ILGA World |url=https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907100944/https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |archive-date=7 September 2021 |access-date=7 September 2021}}</ref> kuma a matsayin masaniya a fannin kimiyyar rage cutar da ke haɓaka yakin neman hakkin ɗan adam na tallafi ga masu neman mafaka na LGBTI, 'yan gudun hijira da masu shiga tsakani a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=ITANZ - Intersex Awareness New Zealand 2019 - Board Members |url=http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |access-date=2024-07-05 |archive-date=2019-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190911065353/http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> An amince [[Jinsi|da jinsin]] Rubashkyn a ƙarƙashin Yarjejeniyar [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] ta 1951 dangane da Matsayin 'Yan Gudun Hijira.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Human Rights Campaign 2014 |title=Hong Kong recognized Trans woman without Sex reassignment Surgery |url=http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006154905/http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=3 February 2015}}</ref> Shari'ar Rubashkyn ya ja hankalin kafafen yaɗa labarai na ƙasa da ƙasa da lauyoyi bayan cin zarafin da aka yi mata biyo bayan tsare ta a filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong saboda rashin jituwa tsakanin [[Asalin jinsi|jinsinta]] da hoton fasfo dinta, wanda ya haifar da shekaru da dama na rashin ƙasa a Hong Kong.  da kuma ƙasƙantar da ɗan adam zuwa cibiyoyin mafaka da yawa a cikin Yuen Long.<ref name="Misunderstood and Stateless">{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref><ref name="UNHCR">{{Cite web |title=Transgender Refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong |url=http://www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/refdaily?pass=463ef21123&id=533cf1698 |access-date=20 March 2014 |publisher=UNHCR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 April 2014 |title=Hong Kong is 'hell' Transgender postgrad student-turned-refugee struggles to be recognised as a woman |url=http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006110553/http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=gaystarnews.com}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta koma New Zealand a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira a cikin shekarar 2014, kuma an ba ta shaida ta ƙasar New Zealand a cikin shekarar 2018.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee says NZ paradise |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/transgender-refugee-says-nz-paradise/FOX7DUD3XTF4K6OWN72OH2FWPE/ |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2023, an tuhumi Rubashkyn da laifuffuka biyu na kai hari kan jefa ruwan [[tumatir]] a kan masu fafutuka Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull da Tania Suzanne Sturt a wata zanga-zangar adawa da ziyarar Keen-Minshull. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-14 |title=Posie Parker assault case: Tomato juice protester Eliana Golberstein pleads guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-assault-case-tomato-juice-protester-eli-rubashkyn-pleads-guilty/J4XEWQPOJZF4XP654KYDSJTX2Q/ |access-date=2024-06-14 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Rubashkyn a [[Kolombiya|Colombia]] ga mahaifiyar Bayahudiya 'yar ƙasar Yukren wacce ta koma can a shekarun 1970s. An haife ta tare da yanayin jima'i na rashin jin daɗi na androgen kuma an sanya shi namiji a lokacin haihuwa. <ref name="3news">{{Cite web |date=26 July 2015 |title=Gender refugee hopes for NZ citizenship |url=http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151225151833/http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |archive-date=25 December 2015 |access-date=23 December 2015 |publisher=3 Degrees - TV3 New Zealand}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vesga |first=Alejandro |date=11 July 2015 |title=El purgatorio de una transgénero víctima de un pasaporte con sexo masculino |url=http://www.kienyke.com/historias/el-purgatorio-de-una-transgenero-victima-de-un-pasaporte-con-sexo-masculino/}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2011, Rubashkyn ta sami digirinta a fannin harhaɗa magunguna da [[Kimiyya|sinadarai]] a Jami'ar ƙasa ta Colombia, kuma tana magana da harsuna biyar sosai. <ref name=":3"/> Bayan ta yi karatun ilmin halitta a Jami'ar Granada, an ba ta guraben karatu don haɓaka karatun digiri na biyu a fannin kiwon lafiyar jama'a a Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta [[Taipei]], kuma a lokaci guda ta fara canjin yanayi da tabbatar da jinsi a [[Taiwan]]. Rubashkyn ta gano cewa caka mata wuka a Colombia ne ya sa ta yanke shawarar neman ilimi a wasu wurare. === Rashin kasa === A cikin shekara guda da fara maganin maye gurbin hormone, yanayin jikin Rubashkyn ya canza sosai saboda yanayin jima'i, kuma hukumomin shige da fice na Taiwan sun buƙaci ta sabunta fasfo ɗinta a ƙaramin ofishin jakadancin Colombia kafin ta fara shekara ta biyu na karatun masters. Ta yi tafiya zuwa [[Hong Kong]] don yin hakan, amma lokacin da ta isa cibiyar shige da fice ta filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong, an tsare ta sama da watanni takwas a tsare da kuma cibiyoyin ‘yan gudun hijira da dama saboda rashin sanin yanayin shari’arta. <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 March 2014 |title=The Colombian transgender woman stranded in Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/la-transgenero-colombiana-atrapada-en-hong-kong/381292-3 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref> <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong to be recognised as woman |url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1457021/transgender-refugee-goes-through-hell-hong-kong-be-recognised-woman |access-date=3 March 2014 |website=South China Morning Post}}</ref> <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=2020-02-28 |title=Making New Zealand Home: Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/national/programmes/afternoons/audio/2018736234/making-new-zealand-home-eliana-rubashkyn |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=RNZ |language=en-nz}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta sha fama da cin zarafi da cin zarafi da musgunawa akai-akai a wurare da dama da take rayuwa a ciki. An tsare ta a wani sashin kula da taɓin hankali na Asibitin Sarauniya Elizabeth da ke Kowloon, sakamakon wani yunkurin kashe kanta, bayan an yi mata wulakanci da lalata da ita. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Live Interview (In Spanish) on CNN after being released from her reclusion in Hong Kong and China |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UkEsMq5xKfA/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> Ta kasa neman mafaka don a ba ta kariya a matsayinta na 'yar gudun hijira a Hong Kong saboda gwamnati ba ta amince da yarjejeniyar 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ba, ta fuskanci kora, kuma ta fuskanci mugun hali a wurin da ake tsare da filin jirgin sama. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ƙi tuntuɓar ofishin jakadancinta na gida don hana fitar da ita saboda rashin taimakon diflomasiyya da suka bayar, kuma ta zama ''marar'' ƙasa a ranar 30 ga watan Oktoba 2012. Matsayin Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ya iyakance hulɗar <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">&#x5D; ''<nowiki><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (April 2024)">za</span></nowiki>'' &#x5B;</sup> iya yi da hukumomi daga gwamnatocin Colombia. <ref name=":4"/> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Stuck in limbo the tragic story of the transgender refugee Eliana Rubashkyn |url=http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006162731/http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Time Out Hong Kong}}</ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=1 April 2010 |title=UNHCR and De Facto Statelessness |url=http://www.unhcr.org/4bc2ddeb9.pdf |access-date=28 November 2017 |publisher=Hugh Massey, Senior Legal Adviser, UNHCR Geneva}}</ref> Tare da taimakon [[Amnesty International]] da hukumar kula da 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya (UNHCR), an ba ta matsayin [[Ƴan gudun hijira|'yan gudun hijira]];  duk da haka, saboda Hong Kong ba ta sanya hannu kan taron ƴan gudun hijira na 1951 ba, ba ta amince da ita a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ba kuma ta nemi a tura ta zuwa Colombia. Lamarin nata ya ja hankalin duniya, musamman a Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya da Kolombiya, inda ake yawan cin zarafi tsakanin maza da mata da maza da mata. An kuma lura da shari'arta a [[New Zealand]], ƙasar da aka sani da matsayinta game da daidaito ga mutanen LGBTI. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cơn ác mộng của người chuyển giới ở Hong Kong |url=http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006101242/http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=Hot News Vietnam}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 April 2014 |title=Transgender refugee stranded in Hong Kong describes struggle to be recognized as woman |url=http://shanghaiist.com/2014/04/03/transgender-refugee-hong-kong.php |access-date=3 April 2014 |publisher=Shanhaiist}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=La historia de Eliana, la joven transgénero que está atrapada en Hong Kong |url=http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141010092822/http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |archive-date=10 October 2014 |access-date=29 March 2014 |publisher=Diario El País}}</ref> A watan Disamba na shekarar 2013, Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta ba da mafita ta hanyar amincewa Rubashkyn a matsayin mace a ƙarƙashin tsarin 'yan gudun hijira na UNHCR. Ta zama mace ta farko da aka amince da ita a matsayin mace a [[Sin|China]] ko Hong Kong ba tare da an yi mata tiyatar sake aikin jima'i ba ko kuma ta hanyar likita. <ref>{{Cite web |last=caracol.com.co |title=Transexual reconocida como mujer en China |url=http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006102218/http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 January 2014}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=行街紙隱去性別未變性博士准住女病房 |url=http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/news/art/20140315/18657221 |access-date=2 January 2014 |publisher=Apple Daily Hong Kong}}</ref> Wani labari na [[CNN]] game da gwagwarmayar ta da kuma ɗan gajeren fim game da rayuwarta a Hong Kong ta sami lambar yabo ta GLAAD Media Award a watan Mayu 2015. === Maidowa === A cikin watan Mayun 2014, New Zealand ta karɓi Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira kuma ta ba ta mafaka, ta ƙara fahimtar jinsinta a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 July 2014 |title=En libertad la transgénero presa en Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/eliana-rubashkyn-transgenero-colombiana-en-hong-kong-quedo-libre/394176-3 |access-date=5 January 2015 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref> Shari'arta ita ce ta farko a duniya da aka amince da jinsin mutum a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Eliana Rubashkyn. First case of International gender recognition through asylum |url=http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006140105/http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=Fundacion Triangulo}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Transexual colombiana atrapada en Hong Kong recibe refugio en Nueva Zelanda |url=http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006125201/http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=RCN}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2015, auren Rubashkyn ya sami kulawar kafofin watsa labaru mai mahimmanci lokacin da magatakarda na NZ na Aure ya nemi mataccen suna Rubashkyn, tare da sunanta na shari'a, don yin rajistar auren. A cikin shekarar 2019, Rubashkyn ya ba da shaida a matsayin wani ɓangare na binciken kisan Grace Millane, bayan da ta fahimci cewa ta yi wa wanda ake tuhuma hidima a wani kantin magani na Auckland. <ref name="Millane"/> == Sana'a == Tun lokacin da aka sake ta a New Zealand, Rubashkyn ta yi aiki a matsayin mai harhaɗa magunguna kuma tana da hannu cikin ayyukan bayar da shawarwari da yawa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ministry seeks feedback on draft vaping regulations, while pharmacy sales slow |url=https://www.pharmacytoday.co.nz/article/ministry-seeks-feedback-draft-vaping-regulations-while-pharmacy-sales-slow |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Pharmacy Today |language=en}}</ref> === Gwagwarmaya/Fafutuka === Rubashkyn ta ba da shawarar haƙƙoƙin 'yan gudun hijira da jima'i, transgender, da bambancin jinsi a New Zealand da kuma duniya baki ɗaya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rainbow refugees come to NZ to find safety, but say the system is not built for them |url=https://www.renews.co.nz/rainbow-refugees-come-to-nz-to-find-safety-but-say-the-system-is-not-built-for-them/ |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=www.renews.co.nz |language=en-US}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ba da gudummawa ga shirin ci gaban Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya da kuma Hukumar Kula da 'Yan Gudun Hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya a matsayinta na wacce ta kafa Rainbow Path Aotearoa New Zealand, wata kungiyar bayar da shawarwari ta 'yan gudun hijira ta LGBT. Yayin zanga-zangar adawa da Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull a [[Auckland]] a ranar 25 ga watan Maris 2023, Rubashkyn ta jefa ruwan tumatir a kan Keen-Minshull. Daga baya, Rubashkyn ta ba da rahoton samun barazanar kisa. Rubashkyn ta tafi Ostiraliya, sannan Amurka, tana mai cewa tana tsoron a kama ta a New Zealand. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice thrower says arrest warrant imminent |url=https://www.1news.co.nz/2023/03/29/posie-parker-juice-thrower-says-arrest-warrant-imminent/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=1 News |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='I am scared': Posie Parker juice-thrower claims arrest warrant pending |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-tomato-juicer-eli-rubashkyn-says-arrest-warrant-likely-to-be-filed/T7LTM7JSFVHVDKOLE37BTVDVBY/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=reporter |first=Auckland |date=2023-03-30 |title=Police lay assault charge on woman who threw juice over Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/131647981/police-lay-assault-charge-on-woman-who-threw-juice-over-posie-parker |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> Daga baya 'yan sandan New Zealand sun tuhume ta da laifuffuka biyu na hari, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-en-route-for-new-york-after-arrest-claim/OBCY2CCNPJAULNQOHSQVCXX6Y4/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Franks |first=Raphael |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.newstalkzb.co.nz/news/national/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-charged-with-assault/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=ZB |language=en-nz}}</ref> <ref name=":0" /> daya kirga kan lamarin ruwan tumatir da Keen-Minshull da kuma wani harin da aka kai wa wani daban, wanda ba a san ko wanene ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Woman accused of throwing juice over Posie Parker pleads not guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/woman-accused-of-throwing-juice-over-womens-rights-activist-posie-parker-pleads-not-guilty/QI24T5Z5BBCG5GDEDAP6I7KIEI/ |access-date=2023-04-07 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> Magoya bayan Rubashkyn sun tara sama da dala 15,000 a cikin makonni biyu da suka biyo bayan lamarin don biyan kuɗinta na shari'a. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Shibu |date=2023-03-31 |title=Fundraiser For NZ Trans Activist Who Doused Kellie-Jay Keen With Tomato Sauce |url=https://www.starobserver.com.au/news/international-news-news/fundraiser-for-nz-trans-activist-who-doused-kellie-jay-keen-with-tomato-sauce/222889 |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Star Observer |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Afrilun 2023, lauyan Rubashkyn ya shigar da kara a madadinta, tare da komawa kotu a watan Yuli. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=2023-04-05 |title=Protester pleads not guilty to assault after throwing juice on Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/crime/300848339/protester-pleads-not-guilty-to-assault-after-throwing-juice-on-posie-parker |access-date=2023-04-06 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 20 ga watan Satumba, lauyan Rubashkyn James Olsen ya nemi a soke tuhumar da ake yi mata a kotun gundumar Auckland. Keen-Minshull ta kwaɗaitar da magoya bayanta da su taru a kusa da kotun ta kafafen sada zumunta; Bayan ta yi watsi da shirin tafiya na biyu zuwa New Zealand saboda matsalolin tsaro. Magoya bayan Keen-Minshull da suka haɗa da kungiyar "Bari mace ta yi magana" sun haɗu da mambobin kungiyar Trans Liberation Alliance (TLA) da suka taru a kotun St Patrick da ke kusa da kotun gundumar Auckland. Wannan zanga-zangar ta kasance cikin lumana tare da ‘yan sanda sun raba kungiyoyin biyu. Olsen ya bayar da hujjar cewa ya kamata a yi watsi da karar tun da Keen-Minshull ya ki gabatar da kara ko mika shaida ga ‘yan sanda. Dan sanda mai gabatar da kara Sajan Phil Mann ya nemi ya dogara da kalaman da Keen-Minshull ya yi na yin fim ga TVNZ bayan faruwar lamarin. Mai shari’a Claire Ryan ta ajiye hukuncinta har sai an saurari karar a watan Oktoba 2023. <ref name="NZH 21 Sep 2023" /> A ranar 26 ga watan Oktoba, alkalin kotun Ryan ya ki amincewa da yunkurin Rubashkyn na yin watsi da tuhumar da ake mata, ya kuma yanke hukuncin cewa za ta fuskanci shari'a kan laifuka biyu na cin zarafi da ake yi wa Keen-Minshull. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] <references /> o6a2m96qobnh0oexycav0xsziddec4d 826545 826544 2026-04-26T07:47:02Z Pharouqenr 25549 826545 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Eliana Rubashkyn''' (an Haife ta a ranar 25 ga watan Yuni 1988) 'yar ƙasar [[New Zealand]] likitar harhaɗa magunguna ce kuma masaniya a fannin ilmin sinadarai,<ref name="Millane">{{Cite web |date=2019-11-14 |title='I'm sorry': Moment murder accused admitted Grace was dead |url=https://www.odt.co.nz/news/national/im-sorry-moment-murder-accused-admitted-grace-was-dead |access-date=2023-04-01 |website=Otago Daily Times Online News |language=en}}</ref> sananniya ce da kasancewa mace ta farko da aka ba wa namiji lokacin haihuwa da aka amince da shi a matsayin [[mace]] mai tsarin [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] a ƙarƙashin dokar 'yan gudun hijira ta duniya. An haife ta a Kolombiya, Rubashkyn ba ta da ƙasa a da.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=McGee |first=Thomas |date=2020 |title=Rainbow statelessness - between sexual citizenship and legal theory: Exploring the statelessness-LGBTIQ+ nexus. |url=https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/agispt.20221018075985 |journal=Statelessness & Citizenship Review |volume=2(1) |issue=2 |pages=64–85 |via=[[Informit (database)|Informit]]}}</ref> a halin yanzu tana aiki a matsayin jami'in shirye-shirye a duniya ta ILGA,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ælien Rubashkyn - ILGA World |url=https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907100944/https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |archive-date=7 September 2021 |access-date=7 September 2021}}</ref> kuma a matsayin masaniya a fannin kimiyyar rage cutar da ke haɓaka yakin neman hakkin ɗan adam na tallafi ga masu neman mafaka na LGBTI, 'yan gudun hijira da masu shiga tsakani a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=ITANZ - Intersex Awareness New Zealand 2019 - Board Members |url=http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |access-date=2024-07-05 |archive-date=2019-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190911065353/http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> An amince [[Jinsi|da jinsin]] Rubashkyn a ƙarƙashin Yarjejeniyar [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] ta 1951 dangane da Matsayin 'Yan Gudun Hijira.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Human Rights Campaign 2014 |title=Hong Kong recognized Trans woman without Sex reassignment Surgery |url=http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006154905/http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=3 February 2015}}</ref> Shari'ar Rubashkyn ya ja hankalin kafafen yaɗa labarai na ƙasa da ƙasa da lauyoyi bayan cin zarafin da aka yi mata biyo bayan tsare ta a filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong saboda rashin jituwa tsakanin [[Asalin jinsi|jinsinta]] da hoton fasfo dinta, wanda ya haifar da shekaru da dama na rashin ƙasa a Hong Kong.  da kuma ƙasƙantar da ɗan adam zuwa cibiyoyin mafaka da yawa a cikin Yuen Long.<ref name="Misunderstood and Stateless">{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref><ref name="UNHCR">{{Cite web |title=Transgender Refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong |url=http://www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/refdaily?pass=463ef21123&id=533cf1698 |access-date=20 March 2014 |publisher=UNHCR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 April 2014 |title=Hong Kong is 'hell' Transgender postgrad student-turned-refugee struggles to be recognised as a woman |url=http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006110553/http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=gaystarnews.com}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta koma New Zealand a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira a cikin shekarar 2014, kuma an ba ta shaida ta ƙasar New Zealand a cikin shekarar 2018.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee says NZ paradise |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/transgender-refugee-says-nz-paradise/FOX7DUD3XTF4K6OWN72OH2FWPE/ |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2023, an tuhumi Rubashkyn da laifuffuka biyu na kai hari kan jefa ruwan [[tumatir]] a kan masu fafutuka Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull da Tania Suzanne Sturt a wata zanga-zangar adawa da ziyarar Keen-Minshull.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-14 |title=Posie Parker assault case: Tomato juice protester Eliana Golberstein pleads guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-assault-case-tomato-juice-protester-eli-rubashkyn-pleads-guilty/J4XEWQPOJZF4XP654KYDSJTX2Q/ |access-date=2024-06-14 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Rubashkyn a [[Kolombiya|Colombia]] ga mahaifiyar Bayahudiya 'yar ƙasar Yukren wacce ta koma can a shekarun 1970s. An haife ta tare da yanayin jima'i na rashin jin daɗi na androgen kuma an sanya shi namiji a lokacin haihuwa. <ref name="3news">{{Cite web |date=26 July 2015 |title=Gender refugee hopes for NZ citizenship |url=http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151225151833/http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |archive-date=25 December 2015 |access-date=23 December 2015 |publisher=3 Degrees - TV3 New Zealand}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vesga |first=Alejandro |date=11 July 2015 |title=El purgatorio de una transgénero víctima de un pasaporte con sexo masculino |url=http://www.kienyke.com/historias/el-purgatorio-de-una-transgenero-victima-de-un-pasaporte-con-sexo-masculino/}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2011, Rubashkyn ta sami digirinta a fannin harhaɗa magunguna da [[Kimiyya|sinadarai]] a Jami'ar ƙasa ta Colombia, kuma tana magana da harsuna biyar sosai. <ref name=":3"/> Bayan ta yi karatun ilmin halitta a Jami'ar Granada, an ba ta guraben karatu don haɓaka karatun digiri na biyu a fannin kiwon lafiyar jama'a a Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta [[Taipei]], kuma a lokaci guda ta fara canjin yanayi da tabbatar da jinsi a [[Taiwan]]. Rubashkyn ta gano cewa caka mata wuka a Colombia ne ya sa ta yanke shawarar neman ilimi a wasu wurare. === Rashin kasa === A cikin shekara guda da fara maganin maye gurbin hormone, yanayin jikin Rubashkyn ya canza sosai saboda yanayin jima'i, kuma hukumomin shige da fice na Taiwan sun buƙaci ta sabunta fasfo ɗinta a ƙaramin ofishin jakadancin Colombia kafin ta fara shekara ta biyu na karatun masters. Ta yi tafiya zuwa [[Hong Kong]] don yin hakan, amma lokacin da ta isa cibiyar shige da fice ta filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong, an tsare ta sama da watanni takwas a tsare da kuma cibiyoyin ‘yan gudun hijira da dama saboda rashin sanin yanayin shari’arta. <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 March 2014 |title=The Colombian transgender woman stranded in Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/la-transgenero-colombiana-atrapada-en-hong-kong/381292-3 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref> <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong to be recognised as woman |url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1457021/transgender-refugee-goes-through-hell-hong-kong-be-recognised-woman |access-date=3 March 2014 |website=South China Morning Post}}</ref> <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=2020-02-28 |title=Making New Zealand Home: Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/national/programmes/afternoons/audio/2018736234/making-new-zealand-home-eliana-rubashkyn |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=RNZ |language=en-nz}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta sha fama da cin zarafi da cin zarafi da musgunawa akai-akai a wurare da dama da take rayuwa a ciki. An tsare ta a wani sashin kula da taɓin hankali na Asibitin Sarauniya Elizabeth da ke Kowloon, sakamakon wani yunkurin kashe kanta, bayan an yi mata wulakanci da lalata da ita. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Live Interview (In Spanish) on CNN after being released from her reclusion in Hong Kong and China |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UkEsMq5xKfA/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> Ta kasa neman mafaka don a ba ta kariya a matsayinta na 'yar gudun hijira a Hong Kong saboda gwamnati ba ta amince da yarjejeniyar 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ba, ta fuskanci kora, kuma ta fuskanci mugun hali a wurin da ake tsare da filin jirgin sama. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ƙi tuntuɓar ofishin jakadancinta na gida don hana fitar da ita saboda rashin taimakon diflomasiyya da suka bayar, kuma ta zama ''marar'' ƙasa a ranar 30 ga watan Oktoba 2012. Matsayin Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ya iyakance hulɗar <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">&#x5D; ''<nowiki><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (April 2024)">za</span></nowiki>'' &#x5B;</sup> iya yi da hukumomi daga gwamnatocin Colombia. <ref name=":4"/> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Stuck in limbo the tragic story of the transgender refugee Eliana Rubashkyn |url=http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006162731/http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Time Out Hong Kong}}</ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=1 April 2010 |title=UNHCR and De Facto Statelessness |url=http://www.unhcr.org/4bc2ddeb9.pdf |access-date=28 November 2017 |publisher=Hugh Massey, Senior Legal Adviser, UNHCR Geneva}}</ref> Tare da taimakon [[Amnesty International]] da hukumar kula da 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya (UNHCR), an ba ta matsayin [[Ƴan gudun hijira|'yan gudun hijira]];  duk da haka, saboda Hong Kong ba ta sanya hannu kan taron ƴan gudun hijira na 1951 ba, ba ta amince da ita a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ba kuma ta nemi a tura ta zuwa Colombia. Lamarin nata ya ja hankalin duniya, musamman a Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya da Kolombiya, inda ake yawan cin zarafi tsakanin maza da mata da maza da mata. An kuma lura da shari'arta a [[New Zealand]], ƙasar da aka sani da matsayinta game da daidaito ga mutanen LGBTI. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cơn ác mộng của người chuyển giới ở Hong Kong |url=http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006101242/http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=Hot News Vietnam}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 April 2014 |title=Transgender refugee stranded in Hong Kong describes struggle to be recognized as woman |url=http://shanghaiist.com/2014/04/03/transgender-refugee-hong-kong.php |access-date=3 April 2014 |publisher=Shanhaiist}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=La historia de Eliana, la joven transgénero que está atrapada en Hong Kong |url=http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141010092822/http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |archive-date=10 October 2014 |access-date=29 March 2014 |publisher=Diario El País}}</ref> A watan Disamba na shekarar 2013, Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta ba da mafita ta hanyar amincewa Rubashkyn a matsayin mace a ƙarƙashin tsarin 'yan gudun hijira na UNHCR. Ta zama mace ta farko da aka amince da ita a matsayin mace a [[Sin|China]] ko Hong Kong ba tare da an yi mata tiyatar sake aikin jima'i ba ko kuma ta hanyar likita. <ref>{{Cite web |last=caracol.com.co |title=Transexual reconocida como mujer en China |url=http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006102218/http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 January 2014}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=行街紙隱去性別未變性博士准住女病房 |url=http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/news/art/20140315/18657221 |access-date=2 January 2014 |publisher=Apple Daily Hong Kong}}</ref> Wani labari na [[CNN]] game da gwagwarmayar ta da kuma ɗan gajeren fim game da rayuwarta a Hong Kong ta sami lambar yabo ta GLAAD Media Award a watan Mayu 2015. === Maidowa === A cikin watan Mayun 2014, New Zealand ta karɓi Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira kuma ta ba ta mafaka, ta ƙara fahimtar jinsinta a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 July 2014 |title=En libertad la transgénero presa en Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/eliana-rubashkyn-transgenero-colombiana-en-hong-kong-quedo-libre/394176-3 |access-date=5 January 2015 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref> Shari'arta ita ce ta farko a duniya da aka amince da jinsin mutum a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Eliana Rubashkyn. First case of International gender recognition through asylum |url=http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006140105/http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=Fundacion Triangulo}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Transexual colombiana atrapada en Hong Kong recibe refugio en Nueva Zelanda |url=http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006125201/http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=RCN}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2015, auren Rubashkyn ya sami kulawar kafofin watsa labaru mai mahimmanci lokacin da magatakarda na NZ na Aure ya nemi mataccen suna Rubashkyn, tare da sunanta na shari'a, don yin rajistar auren. A cikin shekarar 2019, Rubashkyn ya ba da shaida a matsayin wani ɓangare na binciken kisan Grace Millane, bayan da ta fahimci cewa ta yi wa wanda ake tuhuma hidima a wani kantin magani na Auckland. <ref name="Millane"/> == Sana'a == Tun lokacin da aka sake ta a New Zealand, Rubashkyn ta yi aiki a matsayin mai harhaɗa magunguna kuma tana da hannu cikin ayyukan bayar da shawarwari da yawa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ministry seeks feedback on draft vaping regulations, while pharmacy sales slow |url=https://www.pharmacytoday.co.nz/article/ministry-seeks-feedback-draft-vaping-regulations-while-pharmacy-sales-slow |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Pharmacy Today |language=en}}</ref> === Gwagwarmaya/Fafutuka === Rubashkyn ta ba da shawarar haƙƙoƙin 'yan gudun hijira da jima'i, transgender, da bambancin jinsi a New Zealand da kuma duniya baki ɗaya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rainbow refugees come to NZ to find safety, but say the system is not built for them |url=https://www.renews.co.nz/rainbow-refugees-come-to-nz-to-find-safety-but-say-the-system-is-not-built-for-them/ |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=www.renews.co.nz |language=en-US}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ba da gudummawa ga shirin ci gaban Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya da kuma Hukumar Kula da 'Yan Gudun Hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya a matsayinta na wacce ta kafa Rainbow Path Aotearoa New Zealand, wata kungiyar bayar da shawarwari ta 'yan gudun hijira ta LGBT. Yayin zanga-zangar adawa da Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull a [[Auckland]] a ranar 25 ga watan Maris 2023, Rubashkyn ta jefa ruwan tumatir a kan Keen-Minshull. Daga baya, Rubashkyn ta ba da rahoton samun barazanar kisa. Rubashkyn ta tafi Ostiraliya, sannan Amurka, tana mai cewa tana tsoron a kama ta a New Zealand. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice thrower says arrest warrant imminent |url=https://www.1news.co.nz/2023/03/29/posie-parker-juice-thrower-says-arrest-warrant-imminent/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=1 News |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='I am scared': Posie Parker juice-thrower claims arrest warrant pending |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-tomato-juicer-eli-rubashkyn-says-arrest-warrant-likely-to-be-filed/T7LTM7JSFVHVDKOLE37BTVDVBY/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=reporter |first=Auckland |date=2023-03-30 |title=Police lay assault charge on woman who threw juice over Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/131647981/police-lay-assault-charge-on-woman-who-threw-juice-over-posie-parker |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> Daga baya 'yan sandan New Zealand sun tuhume ta da laifuffuka biyu na hari, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-en-route-for-new-york-after-arrest-claim/OBCY2CCNPJAULNQOHSQVCXX6Y4/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Franks |first=Raphael |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.newstalkzb.co.nz/news/national/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-charged-with-assault/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=ZB |language=en-nz}}</ref> <ref name=":0" /> daya kirga kan lamarin ruwan tumatir da Keen-Minshull da kuma wani harin da aka kai wa wani daban, wanda ba a san ko wanene ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Woman accused of throwing juice over Posie Parker pleads not guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/woman-accused-of-throwing-juice-over-womens-rights-activist-posie-parker-pleads-not-guilty/QI24T5Z5BBCG5GDEDAP6I7KIEI/ |access-date=2023-04-07 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> Magoya bayan Rubashkyn sun tara sama da dala 15,000 a cikin makonni biyu da suka biyo bayan lamarin don biyan kuɗinta na shari'a. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Shibu |date=2023-03-31 |title=Fundraiser For NZ Trans Activist Who Doused Kellie-Jay Keen With Tomato Sauce |url=https://www.starobserver.com.au/news/international-news-news/fundraiser-for-nz-trans-activist-who-doused-kellie-jay-keen-with-tomato-sauce/222889 |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Star Observer |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Afrilun 2023, lauyan Rubashkyn ya shigar da kara a madadinta, tare da komawa kotu a watan Yuli. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=2023-04-05 |title=Protester pleads not guilty to assault after throwing juice on Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/crime/300848339/protester-pleads-not-guilty-to-assault-after-throwing-juice-on-posie-parker |access-date=2023-04-06 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 20 ga watan Satumba, lauyan Rubashkyn James Olsen ya nemi a soke tuhumar da ake yi mata a kotun gundumar Auckland. Keen-Minshull ta kwaɗaitar da magoya bayanta da su taru a kusa da kotun ta kafafen sada zumunta; Bayan ta yi watsi da shirin tafiya na biyu zuwa New Zealand saboda matsalolin tsaro. Magoya bayan Keen-Minshull da suka haɗa da kungiyar "Bari mace ta yi magana" sun haɗu da mambobin kungiyar Trans Liberation Alliance (TLA) da suka taru a kotun St Patrick da ke kusa da kotun gundumar Auckland. Wannan zanga-zangar ta kasance cikin lumana tare da ‘yan sanda sun raba kungiyoyin biyu. Olsen ya bayar da hujjar cewa ya kamata a yi watsi da karar tun da Keen-Minshull ya ki gabatar da kara ko mika shaida ga ‘yan sanda. Dan sanda mai gabatar da kara Sajan Phil Mann ya nemi ya dogara da kalaman da Keen-Minshull ya yi na yin fim ga TVNZ bayan faruwar lamarin. Mai shari’a Claire Ryan ta ajiye hukuncinta har sai an saurari karar a watan Oktoba 2023. <ref name="NZH 21 Sep 2023" /> A ranar 26 ga watan Oktoba, alkalin kotun Ryan ya ki amincewa da yunkurin Rubashkyn na yin watsi da tuhumar da ake mata, ya kuma yanke hukuncin cewa za ta fuskanci shari'a kan laifuka biyu na cin zarafi da ake yi wa Keen-Minshull. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] <references /> 8odgi6hkjsa8vjn27pxs56fmolbi3oi 826546 826545 2026-04-26T07:47:17Z Pharouqenr 25549 826546 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Eliana Rubashkyn''' (an Haife ta a ranar 25 ga watan Yuni 1988) 'yar ƙasar [[New Zealand]] likitar harhaɗa magunguna ce kuma masaniya a fannin ilmin sinadarai,<ref name="Millane">{{Cite web |date=2019-11-14 |title='I'm sorry': Moment murder accused admitted Grace was dead |url=https://www.odt.co.nz/news/national/im-sorry-moment-murder-accused-admitted-grace-was-dead |access-date=2023-04-01 |website=Otago Daily Times Online News |language=en}}</ref> sananniya ce da kasancewa mace ta farko da aka ba wa namiji lokacin haihuwa da aka amince da shi a matsayin [[mace]] mai tsarin [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] a ƙarƙashin dokar 'yan gudun hijira ta duniya. An haife ta a Kolombiya, Rubashkyn ba ta da ƙasa a da.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=McGee |first=Thomas |date=2020 |title=Rainbow statelessness - between sexual citizenship and legal theory: Exploring the statelessness-LGBTIQ+ nexus. |url=https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/agispt.20221018075985 |journal=Statelessness & Citizenship Review |volume=2(1) |issue=2 |pages=64–85 |via=[[Informit (database)|Informit]]}}</ref> a halin yanzu tana aiki a matsayin jami'in shirye-shirye a duniya ta ILGA,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ælien Rubashkyn - ILGA World |url=https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907100944/https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |archive-date=7 September 2021 |access-date=7 September 2021}}</ref> kuma a matsayin masaniya a fannin kimiyyar rage cutar da ke haɓaka yakin neman hakkin ɗan adam na tallafi ga masu neman mafaka na LGBTI, 'yan gudun hijira da masu shiga tsakani a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ITANZ - Intersex Awareness New Zealand 2019 - Board Members |url=http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |access-date=2024-07-05 |archive-date=2019-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190911065353/http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> An amince [[Jinsi|da jinsin]] Rubashkyn a ƙarƙashin Yarjejeniyar [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] ta 1951 dangane da Matsayin 'Yan Gudun Hijira.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Human Rights Campaign 2014 |title=Hong Kong recognized Trans woman without Sex reassignment Surgery |url=http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006154905/http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=3 February 2015}}</ref> Shari'ar Rubashkyn ya ja hankalin kafafen yaɗa labarai na ƙasa da ƙasa da lauyoyi bayan cin zarafin da aka yi mata biyo bayan tsare ta a filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong saboda rashin jituwa tsakanin [[Asalin jinsi|jinsinta]] da hoton fasfo dinta, wanda ya haifar da shekaru da dama na rashin ƙasa a Hong Kong.  da kuma ƙasƙantar da ɗan adam zuwa cibiyoyin mafaka da yawa a cikin Yuen Long.<ref name="Misunderstood and Stateless">{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref><ref name="UNHCR">{{Cite web |title=Transgender Refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong |url=http://www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/refdaily?pass=463ef21123&id=533cf1698 |access-date=20 March 2014 |publisher=UNHCR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 April 2014 |title=Hong Kong is 'hell' Transgender postgrad student-turned-refugee struggles to be recognised as a woman |url=http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006110553/http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=gaystarnews.com}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta koma New Zealand a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira a cikin shekarar 2014, kuma an ba ta shaida ta ƙasar New Zealand a cikin shekarar 2018.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee says NZ paradise |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/transgender-refugee-says-nz-paradise/FOX7DUD3XTF4K6OWN72OH2FWPE/ |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2023, an tuhumi Rubashkyn da laifuffuka biyu na kai hari kan jefa ruwan [[tumatir]] a kan masu fafutuka Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull da Tania Suzanne Sturt a wata zanga-zangar adawa da ziyarar Keen-Minshull.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-14 |title=Posie Parker assault case: Tomato juice protester Eliana Golberstein pleads guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-assault-case-tomato-juice-protester-eli-rubashkyn-pleads-guilty/J4XEWQPOJZF4XP654KYDSJTX2Q/ |access-date=2024-06-14 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Rubashkyn a [[Kolombiya|Colombia]] ga mahaifiyar Bayahudiya 'yar ƙasar Yukren wacce ta koma can a shekarun 1970s. An haife ta tare da yanayin jima'i na rashin jin daɗi na androgen kuma an sanya shi namiji a lokacin haihuwa. <ref name="3news">{{Cite web |date=26 July 2015 |title=Gender refugee hopes for NZ citizenship |url=http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151225151833/http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |archive-date=25 December 2015 |access-date=23 December 2015 |publisher=3 Degrees - TV3 New Zealand}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vesga |first=Alejandro |date=11 July 2015 |title=El purgatorio de una transgénero víctima de un pasaporte con sexo masculino |url=http://www.kienyke.com/historias/el-purgatorio-de-una-transgenero-victima-de-un-pasaporte-con-sexo-masculino/}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2011, Rubashkyn ta sami digirinta a fannin harhaɗa magunguna da [[Kimiyya|sinadarai]] a Jami'ar ƙasa ta Colombia, kuma tana magana da harsuna biyar sosai. <ref name=":3"/> Bayan ta yi karatun ilmin halitta a Jami'ar Granada, an ba ta guraben karatu don haɓaka karatun digiri na biyu a fannin kiwon lafiyar jama'a a Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta [[Taipei]], kuma a lokaci guda ta fara canjin yanayi da tabbatar da jinsi a [[Taiwan]]. Rubashkyn ta gano cewa caka mata wuka a Colombia ne ya sa ta yanke shawarar neman ilimi a wasu wurare. === Rashin kasa === A cikin shekara guda da fara maganin maye gurbin hormone, yanayin jikin Rubashkyn ya canza sosai saboda yanayin jima'i, kuma hukumomin shige da fice na Taiwan sun buƙaci ta sabunta fasfo ɗinta a ƙaramin ofishin jakadancin Colombia kafin ta fara shekara ta biyu na karatun masters. Ta yi tafiya zuwa [[Hong Kong]] don yin hakan, amma lokacin da ta isa cibiyar shige da fice ta filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong, an tsare ta sama da watanni takwas a tsare da kuma cibiyoyin ‘yan gudun hijira da dama saboda rashin sanin yanayin shari’arta. <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 March 2014 |title=The Colombian transgender woman stranded in Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/la-transgenero-colombiana-atrapada-en-hong-kong/381292-3 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref> <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong to be recognised as woman |url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1457021/transgender-refugee-goes-through-hell-hong-kong-be-recognised-woman |access-date=3 March 2014 |website=South China Morning Post}}</ref> <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=2020-02-28 |title=Making New Zealand Home: Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/national/programmes/afternoons/audio/2018736234/making-new-zealand-home-eliana-rubashkyn |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=RNZ |language=en-nz}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta sha fama da cin zarafi da cin zarafi da musgunawa akai-akai a wurare da dama da take rayuwa a ciki. An tsare ta a wani sashin kula da taɓin hankali na Asibitin Sarauniya Elizabeth da ke Kowloon, sakamakon wani yunkurin kashe kanta, bayan an yi mata wulakanci da lalata da ita. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Live Interview (In Spanish) on CNN after being released from her reclusion in Hong Kong and China |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UkEsMq5xKfA/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> Ta kasa neman mafaka don a ba ta kariya a matsayinta na 'yar gudun hijira a Hong Kong saboda gwamnati ba ta amince da yarjejeniyar 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ba, ta fuskanci kora, kuma ta fuskanci mugun hali a wurin da ake tsare da filin jirgin sama. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ƙi tuntuɓar ofishin jakadancinta na gida don hana fitar da ita saboda rashin taimakon diflomasiyya da suka bayar, kuma ta zama ''marar'' ƙasa a ranar 30 ga watan Oktoba 2012. Matsayin Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ya iyakance hulɗar <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">&#x5D; ''<nowiki><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (April 2024)">za</span></nowiki>'' &#x5B;</sup> iya yi da hukumomi daga gwamnatocin Colombia. <ref name=":4"/> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Stuck in limbo the tragic story of the transgender refugee Eliana Rubashkyn |url=http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006162731/http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Time Out Hong Kong}}</ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=1 April 2010 |title=UNHCR and De Facto Statelessness |url=http://www.unhcr.org/4bc2ddeb9.pdf |access-date=28 November 2017 |publisher=Hugh Massey, Senior Legal Adviser, UNHCR Geneva}}</ref> Tare da taimakon [[Amnesty International]] da hukumar kula da 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya (UNHCR), an ba ta matsayin [[Ƴan gudun hijira|'yan gudun hijira]];  duk da haka, saboda Hong Kong ba ta sanya hannu kan taron ƴan gudun hijira na 1951 ba, ba ta amince da ita a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ba kuma ta nemi a tura ta zuwa Colombia. Lamarin nata ya ja hankalin duniya, musamman a Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya da Kolombiya, inda ake yawan cin zarafi tsakanin maza da mata da maza da mata. An kuma lura da shari'arta a [[New Zealand]], ƙasar da aka sani da matsayinta game da daidaito ga mutanen LGBTI. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cơn ác mộng của người chuyển giới ở Hong Kong |url=http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006101242/http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=Hot News Vietnam}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 April 2014 |title=Transgender refugee stranded in Hong Kong describes struggle to be recognized as woman |url=http://shanghaiist.com/2014/04/03/transgender-refugee-hong-kong.php |access-date=3 April 2014 |publisher=Shanhaiist}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=La historia de Eliana, la joven transgénero que está atrapada en Hong Kong |url=http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141010092822/http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |archive-date=10 October 2014 |access-date=29 March 2014 |publisher=Diario El País}}</ref> A watan Disamba na shekarar 2013, Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta ba da mafita ta hanyar amincewa Rubashkyn a matsayin mace a ƙarƙashin tsarin 'yan gudun hijira na UNHCR. Ta zama mace ta farko da aka amince da ita a matsayin mace a [[Sin|China]] ko Hong Kong ba tare da an yi mata tiyatar sake aikin jima'i ba ko kuma ta hanyar likita. <ref>{{Cite web |last=caracol.com.co |title=Transexual reconocida como mujer en China |url=http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006102218/http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 January 2014}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=行街紙隱去性別未變性博士准住女病房 |url=http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/news/art/20140315/18657221 |access-date=2 January 2014 |publisher=Apple Daily Hong Kong}}</ref> Wani labari na [[CNN]] game da gwagwarmayar ta da kuma ɗan gajeren fim game da rayuwarta a Hong Kong ta sami lambar yabo ta GLAAD Media Award a watan Mayu 2015. === Maidowa === A cikin watan Mayun 2014, New Zealand ta karɓi Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira kuma ta ba ta mafaka, ta ƙara fahimtar jinsinta a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 July 2014 |title=En libertad la transgénero presa en Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/eliana-rubashkyn-transgenero-colombiana-en-hong-kong-quedo-libre/394176-3 |access-date=5 January 2015 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref> Shari'arta ita ce ta farko a duniya da aka amince da jinsin mutum a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Eliana Rubashkyn. First case of International gender recognition through asylum |url=http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006140105/http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=Fundacion Triangulo}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Transexual colombiana atrapada en Hong Kong recibe refugio en Nueva Zelanda |url=http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006125201/http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=RCN}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2015, auren Rubashkyn ya sami kulawar kafofin watsa labaru mai mahimmanci lokacin da magatakarda na NZ na Aure ya nemi mataccen suna Rubashkyn, tare da sunanta na shari'a, don yin rajistar auren. A cikin shekarar 2019, Rubashkyn ya ba da shaida a matsayin wani ɓangare na binciken kisan Grace Millane, bayan da ta fahimci cewa ta yi wa wanda ake tuhuma hidima a wani kantin magani na Auckland. <ref name="Millane"/> == Sana'a == Tun lokacin da aka sake ta a New Zealand, Rubashkyn ta yi aiki a matsayin mai harhaɗa magunguna kuma tana da hannu cikin ayyukan bayar da shawarwari da yawa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ministry seeks feedback on draft vaping regulations, while pharmacy sales slow |url=https://www.pharmacytoday.co.nz/article/ministry-seeks-feedback-draft-vaping-regulations-while-pharmacy-sales-slow |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Pharmacy Today |language=en}}</ref> === Gwagwarmaya/Fafutuka === Rubashkyn ta ba da shawarar haƙƙoƙin 'yan gudun hijira da jima'i, transgender, da bambancin jinsi a New Zealand da kuma duniya baki ɗaya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rainbow refugees come to NZ to find safety, but say the system is not built for them |url=https://www.renews.co.nz/rainbow-refugees-come-to-nz-to-find-safety-but-say-the-system-is-not-built-for-them/ |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=www.renews.co.nz |language=en-US}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ba da gudummawa ga shirin ci gaban Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya da kuma Hukumar Kula da 'Yan Gudun Hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya a matsayinta na wacce ta kafa Rainbow Path Aotearoa New Zealand, wata kungiyar bayar da shawarwari ta 'yan gudun hijira ta LGBT. Yayin zanga-zangar adawa da Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull a [[Auckland]] a ranar 25 ga watan Maris 2023, Rubashkyn ta jefa ruwan tumatir a kan Keen-Minshull. Daga baya, Rubashkyn ta ba da rahoton samun barazanar kisa. Rubashkyn ta tafi Ostiraliya, sannan Amurka, tana mai cewa tana tsoron a kama ta a New Zealand. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice thrower says arrest warrant imminent |url=https://www.1news.co.nz/2023/03/29/posie-parker-juice-thrower-says-arrest-warrant-imminent/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=1 News |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='I am scared': Posie Parker juice-thrower claims arrest warrant pending |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-tomato-juicer-eli-rubashkyn-says-arrest-warrant-likely-to-be-filed/T7LTM7JSFVHVDKOLE37BTVDVBY/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=reporter |first=Auckland |date=2023-03-30 |title=Police lay assault charge on woman who threw juice over Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/131647981/police-lay-assault-charge-on-woman-who-threw-juice-over-posie-parker |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> Daga baya 'yan sandan New Zealand sun tuhume ta da laifuffuka biyu na hari, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-en-route-for-new-york-after-arrest-claim/OBCY2CCNPJAULNQOHSQVCXX6Y4/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Franks |first=Raphael |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.newstalkzb.co.nz/news/national/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-charged-with-assault/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=ZB |language=en-nz}}</ref> <ref name=":0" /> daya kirga kan lamarin ruwan tumatir da Keen-Minshull da kuma wani harin da aka kai wa wani daban, wanda ba a san ko wanene ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Woman accused of throwing juice over Posie Parker pleads not guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/woman-accused-of-throwing-juice-over-womens-rights-activist-posie-parker-pleads-not-guilty/QI24T5Z5BBCG5GDEDAP6I7KIEI/ |access-date=2023-04-07 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> Magoya bayan Rubashkyn sun tara sama da dala 15,000 a cikin makonni biyu da suka biyo bayan lamarin don biyan kuɗinta na shari'a. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Shibu |date=2023-03-31 |title=Fundraiser For NZ Trans Activist Who Doused Kellie-Jay Keen With Tomato Sauce |url=https://www.starobserver.com.au/news/international-news-news/fundraiser-for-nz-trans-activist-who-doused-kellie-jay-keen-with-tomato-sauce/222889 |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Star Observer |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Afrilun 2023, lauyan Rubashkyn ya shigar da kara a madadinta, tare da komawa kotu a watan Yuli. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=2023-04-05 |title=Protester pleads not guilty to assault after throwing juice on Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/crime/300848339/protester-pleads-not-guilty-to-assault-after-throwing-juice-on-posie-parker |access-date=2023-04-06 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 20 ga watan Satumba, lauyan Rubashkyn James Olsen ya nemi a soke tuhumar da ake yi mata a kotun gundumar Auckland. Keen-Minshull ta kwaɗaitar da magoya bayanta da su taru a kusa da kotun ta kafafen sada zumunta; Bayan ta yi watsi da shirin tafiya na biyu zuwa New Zealand saboda matsalolin tsaro. Magoya bayan Keen-Minshull da suka haɗa da kungiyar "Bari mace ta yi magana" sun haɗu da mambobin kungiyar Trans Liberation Alliance (TLA) da suka taru a kotun St Patrick da ke kusa da kotun gundumar Auckland. Wannan zanga-zangar ta kasance cikin lumana tare da ‘yan sanda sun raba kungiyoyin biyu. Olsen ya bayar da hujjar cewa ya kamata a yi watsi da karar tun da Keen-Minshull ya ki gabatar da kara ko mika shaida ga ‘yan sanda. Dan sanda mai gabatar da kara Sajan Phil Mann ya nemi ya dogara da kalaman da Keen-Minshull ya yi na yin fim ga TVNZ bayan faruwar lamarin. Mai shari’a Claire Ryan ta ajiye hukuncinta har sai an saurari karar a watan Oktoba 2023. <ref name="NZH 21 Sep 2023" /> A ranar 26 ga watan Oktoba, alkalin kotun Ryan ya ki amincewa da yunkurin Rubashkyn na yin watsi da tuhumar da ake mata, ya kuma yanke hukuncin cewa za ta fuskanci shari'a kan laifuka biyu na cin zarafi da ake yi wa Keen-Minshull. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] <references /> le7ephgnu1th7jbm5lhpjaq1yizln8c 826547 826546 2026-04-26T07:47:33Z Pharouqenr 25549 826547 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Eliana Rubashkyn''' (an Haife ta a ranar 25 ga watan Yuni 1988) 'yar ƙasar [[New Zealand]] likitar harhaɗa magunguna ce kuma masaniya a fannin ilmin sinadarai,<ref name="Millane">{{Cite web |date=2019-11-14 |title='I'm sorry': Moment murder accused admitted Grace was dead |url=https://www.odt.co.nz/news/national/im-sorry-moment-murder-accused-admitted-grace-was-dead |access-date=2023-04-01 |website=Otago Daily Times Online News |language=en}}</ref> sananniya ce da kasancewa mace ta farko da aka ba wa namiji lokacin haihuwa da aka amince da shi a matsayin [[mace]] mai tsarin [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] a ƙarƙashin dokar 'yan gudun hijira ta duniya. An haife ta a Kolombiya, Rubashkyn ba ta da ƙasa a da.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=McGee |first=Thomas |date=2020 |title=Rainbow statelessness - between sexual citizenship and legal theory: Exploring the statelessness-LGBTIQ+ nexus. |url=https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/agispt.20221018075985 |journal=Statelessness & Citizenship Review |volume=2(1) |issue=2 |pages=64–85 |via=[[Informit (database)|Informit]]}}</ref> a halin yanzu tana aiki a matsayin jami'in shirye-shirye a duniya ta ILGA,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ælien Rubashkyn - ILGA World |url=https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907100944/https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |archive-date=7 September 2021 |access-date=7 September 2021}}</ref> kuma a matsayin masaniya a fannin kimiyyar rage cutar da ke haɓaka yakin neman hakkin ɗan adam na tallafi ga masu neman mafaka na LGBTI, 'yan gudun hijira da masu shiga tsakani a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ITANZ - Intersex Awareness New Zealand 2019 - Board Members |url=http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |access-date=2024-07-05 |archive-date=2019-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190911065353/http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> An amince [[Jinsi|da jinsin]] Rubashkyn a ƙarƙashin Yarjejeniyar [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] ta 1951 dangane da Matsayin 'Yan Gudun Hijira.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Human Rights Campaign 2014 |title=Hong Kong recognized Trans woman without Sex reassignment Surgery |url=http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006154905/http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=3 February 2015}}</ref> Shari'ar Rubashkyn ya ja hankalin kafafen yaɗa labarai na ƙasa da ƙasa da lauyoyi bayan cin zarafin da aka yi mata biyo bayan tsare ta a filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong saboda rashin jituwa tsakanin [[Asalin jinsi|jinsinta]] da hoton fasfo dinta, wanda ya haifar da shekaru da dama na rashin ƙasa a Hong Kong.  da kuma ƙasƙantar da ɗan adam zuwa cibiyoyin mafaka da yawa a cikin Yuen Long.<ref name="Misunderstood and Stateless">{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref><ref name="UNHCR">{{Cite web |title=Transgender Refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong |url=http://www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/refdaily?pass=463ef21123&id=533cf1698 |access-date=20 March 2014 |publisher=UNHCR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 April 2014 |title=Hong Kong is 'hell' Transgender postgrad student-turned-refugee struggles to be recognised as a woman |url=http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006110553/http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=gaystarnews.com}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta koma New Zealand a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira a cikin shekarar 2014, kuma an ba ta shaida ta ƙasar New Zealand a cikin shekarar 2018.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee says NZ paradise |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/transgender-refugee-says-nz-paradise/FOX7DUD3XTF4K6OWN72OH2FWPE/ |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2023, an tuhumi Rubashkyn da laifuffuka biyu na kai hari kan jefa ruwan [[tumatir]] a kan masu fafutuka Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull da Tania Suzanne Sturt a wata zanga-zangar adawa da ziyarar Keen-Minshull.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-14 |title=Posie Parker assault case: Tomato juice protester Eliana Golberstein pleads guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-assault-case-tomato-juice-protester-eli-rubashkyn-pleads-guilty/J4XEWQPOJZF4XP654KYDSJTX2Q/ |access-date=2024-06-14 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Rubashkyn a [[Kolombiya|Colombia]] ga mahaifiyar Bayahudiya 'yar ƙasar Yukren wacce ta koma can a shekarun 1970s. An haife ta tare da yanayin jima'i na rashin jin daɗi na androgen kuma an sanya shi namiji a lokacin haihuwa. <ref name="3news">{{Cite web |date=26 July 2015 |title=Gender refugee hopes for NZ citizenship |url=http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151225151833/http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |archive-date=25 December 2015 |access-date=23 December 2015 |publisher=3 Degrees - TV3 New Zealand}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vesga |first=Alejandro |date=11 July 2015 |title=El purgatorio de una transgénero víctima de un pasaporte con sexo masculino |url=http://www.kienyke.com/historias/el-purgatorio-de-una-transgenero-victima-de-un-pasaporte-con-sexo-masculino/}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2011, Rubashkyn ta sami digirinta a fannin harhaɗa magunguna da [[Kimiyya|sinadarai]] a Jami'ar ƙasa ta Colombia, kuma tana magana da harsuna biyar sosai.<ref name=":3"/> Bayan ta yi karatun ilmin halitta a Jami'ar Granada, an ba ta guraben karatu don haɓaka karatun digiri na biyu a fannin kiwon lafiyar jama'a a Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta [[Taipei]], kuma a lokaci guda ta fara canjin yanayi da tabbatar da jinsi a [[Taiwan]]. Rubashkyn ta gano cewa caka mata wuka a Colombia ne ya sa ta yanke shawarar neman ilimi a wasu wurare. === Rashin kasa === A cikin shekara guda da fara maganin maye gurbin hormone, yanayin jikin Rubashkyn ya canza sosai saboda yanayin jima'i, kuma hukumomin shige da fice na Taiwan sun buƙaci ta sabunta fasfo ɗinta a ƙaramin ofishin jakadancin Colombia kafin ta fara shekara ta biyu na karatun masters. Ta yi tafiya zuwa [[Hong Kong]] don yin hakan, amma lokacin da ta isa cibiyar shige da fice ta filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong, an tsare ta sama da watanni takwas a tsare da kuma cibiyoyin ‘yan gudun hijira da dama saboda rashin sanin yanayin shari’arta. <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 March 2014 |title=The Colombian transgender woman stranded in Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/la-transgenero-colombiana-atrapada-en-hong-kong/381292-3 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref> <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong to be recognised as woman |url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1457021/transgender-refugee-goes-through-hell-hong-kong-be-recognised-woman |access-date=3 March 2014 |website=South China Morning Post}}</ref> <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=2020-02-28 |title=Making New Zealand Home: Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/national/programmes/afternoons/audio/2018736234/making-new-zealand-home-eliana-rubashkyn |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=RNZ |language=en-nz}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta sha fama da cin zarafi da cin zarafi da musgunawa akai-akai a wurare da dama da take rayuwa a ciki. An tsare ta a wani sashin kula da taɓin hankali na Asibitin Sarauniya Elizabeth da ke Kowloon, sakamakon wani yunkurin kashe kanta, bayan an yi mata wulakanci da lalata da ita. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Live Interview (In Spanish) on CNN after being released from her reclusion in Hong Kong and China |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UkEsMq5xKfA/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> Ta kasa neman mafaka don a ba ta kariya a matsayinta na 'yar gudun hijira a Hong Kong saboda gwamnati ba ta amince da yarjejeniyar 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ba, ta fuskanci kora, kuma ta fuskanci mugun hali a wurin da ake tsare da filin jirgin sama. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ƙi tuntuɓar ofishin jakadancinta na gida don hana fitar da ita saboda rashin taimakon diflomasiyya da suka bayar, kuma ta zama ''marar'' ƙasa a ranar 30 ga watan Oktoba 2012. Matsayin Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ya iyakance hulɗar <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">&#x5D; ''<nowiki><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (April 2024)">za</span></nowiki>'' &#x5B;</sup> iya yi da hukumomi daga gwamnatocin Colombia. <ref name=":4"/> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Stuck in limbo the tragic story of the transgender refugee Eliana Rubashkyn |url=http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006162731/http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Time Out Hong Kong}}</ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=1 April 2010 |title=UNHCR and De Facto Statelessness |url=http://www.unhcr.org/4bc2ddeb9.pdf |access-date=28 November 2017 |publisher=Hugh Massey, Senior Legal Adviser, UNHCR Geneva}}</ref> Tare da taimakon [[Amnesty International]] da hukumar kula da 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya (UNHCR), an ba ta matsayin [[Ƴan gudun hijira|'yan gudun hijira]];  duk da haka, saboda Hong Kong ba ta sanya hannu kan taron ƴan gudun hijira na 1951 ba, ba ta amince da ita a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ba kuma ta nemi a tura ta zuwa Colombia. Lamarin nata ya ja hankalin duniya, musamman a Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya da Kolombiya, inda ake yawan cin zarafi tsakanin maza da mata da maza da mata. An kuma lura da shari'arta a [[New Zealand]], ƙasar da aka sani da matsayinta game da daidaito ga mutanen LGBTI. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cơn ác mộng của người chuyển giới ở Hong Kong |url=http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006101242/http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=Hot News Vietnam}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 April 2014 |title=Transgender refugee stranded in Hong Kong describes struggle to be recognized as woman |url=http://shanghaiist.com/2014/04/03/transgender-refugee-hong-kong.php |access-date=3 April 2014 |publisher=Shanhaiist}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=La historia de Eliana, la joven transgénero que está atrapada en Hong Kong |url=http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141010092822/http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |archive-date=10 October 2014 |access-date=29 March 2014 |publisher=Diario El País}}</ref> A watan Disamba na shekarar 2013, Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta ba da mafita ta hanyar amincewa Rubashkyn a matsayin mace a ƙarƙashin tsarin 'yan gudun hijira na UNHCR. Ta zama mace ta farko da aka amince da ita a matsayin mace a [[Sin|China]] ko Hong Kong ba tare da an yi mata tiyatar sake aikin jima'i ba ko kuma ta hanyar likita. <ref>{{Cite web |last=caracol.com.co |title=Transexual reconocida como mujer en China |url=http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006102218/http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 January 2014}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=行街紙隱去性別未變性博士准住女病房 |url=http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/news/art/20140315/18657221 |access-date=2 January 2014 |publisher=Apple Daily Hong Kong}}</ref> Wani labari na [[CNN]] game da gwagwarmayar ta da kuma ɗan gajeren fim game da rayuwarta a Hong Kong ta sami lambar yabo ta GLAAD Media Award a watan Mayu 2015. === Maidowa === A cikin watan Mayun 2014, New Zealand ta karɓi Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira kuma ta ba ta mafaka, ta ƙara fahimtar jinsinta a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 July 2014 |title=En libertad la transgénero presa en Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/eliana-rubashkyn-transgenero-colombiana-en-hong-kong-quedo-libre/394176-3 |access-date=5 January 2015 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref> Shari'arta ita ce ta farko a duniya da aka amince da jinsin mutum a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Eliana Rubashkyn. First case of International gender recognition through asylum |url=http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006140105/http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=Fundacion Triangulo}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Transexual colombiana atrapada en Hong Kong recibe refugio en Nueva Zelanda |url=http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006125201/http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=RCN}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2015, auren Rubashkyn ya sami kulawar kafofin watsa labaru mai mahimmanci lokacin da magatakarda na NZ na Aure ya nemi mataccen suna Rubashkyn, tare da sunanta na shari'a, don yin rajistar auren. A cikin shekarar 2019, Rubashkyn ya ba da shaida a matsayin wani ɓangare na binciken kisan Grace Millane, bayan da ta fahimci cewa ta yi wa wanda ake tuhuma hidima a wani kantin magani na Auckland. <ref name="Millane"/> == Sana'a == Tun lokacin da aka sake ta a New Zealand, Rubashkyn ta yi aiki a matsayin mai harhaɗa magunguna kuma tana da hannu cikin ayyukan bayar da shawarwari da yawa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ministry seeks feedback on draft vaping regulations, while pharmacy sales slow |url=https://www.pharmacytoday.co.nz/article/ministry-seeks-feedback-draft-vaping-regulations-while-pharmacy-sales-slow |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Pharmacy Today |language=en}}</ref> === Gwagwarmaya/Fafutuka === Rubashkyn ta ba da shawarar haƙƙoƙin 'yan gudun hijira da jima'i, transgender, da bambancin jinsi a New Zealand da kuma duniya baki ɗaya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rainbow refugees come to NZ to find safety, but say the system is not built for them |url=https://www.renews.co.nz/rainbow-refugees-come-to-nz-to-find-safety-but-say-the-system-is-not-built-for-them/ |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=www.renews.co.nz |language=en-US}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ba da gudummawa ga shirin ci gaban Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya da kuma Hukumar Kula da 'Yan Gudun Hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya a matsayinta na wacce ta kafa Rainbow Path Aotearoa New Zealand, wata kungiyar bayar da shawarwari ta 'yan gudun hijira ta LGBT. Yayin zanga-zangar adawa da Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull a [[Auckland]] a ranar 25 ga watan Maris 2023, Rubashkyn ta jefa ruwan tumatir a kan Keen-Minshull. Daga baya, Rubashkyn ta ba da rahoton samun barazanar kisa. Rubashkyn ta tafi Ostiraliya, sannan Amurka, tana mai cewa tana tsoron a kama ta a New Zealand. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice thrower says arrest warrant imminent |url=https://www.1news.co.nz/2023/03/29/posie-parker-juice-thrower-says-arrest-warrant-imminent/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=1 News |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='I am scared': Posie Parker juice-thrower claims arrest warrant pending |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-tomato-juicer-eli-rubashkyn-says-arrest-warrant-likely-to-be-filed/T7LTM7JSFVHVDKOLE37BTVDVBY/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=reporter |first=Auckland |date=2023-03-30 |title=Police lay assault charge on woman who threw juice over Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/131647981/police-lay-assault-charge-on-woman-who-threw-juice-over-posie-parker |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> Daga baya 'yan sandan New Zealand sun tuhume ta da laifuffuka biyu na hari, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-en-route-for-new-york-after-arrest-claim/OBCY2CCNPJAULNQOHSQVCXX6Y4/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Franks |first=Raphael |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.newstalkzb.co.nz/news/national/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-charged-with-assault/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=ZB |language=en-nz}}</ref> <ref name=":0" /> daya kirga kan lamarin ruwan tumatir da Keen-Minshull da kuma wani harin da aka kai wa wani daban, wanda ba a san ko wanene ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Woman accused of throwing juice over Posie Parker pleads not guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/woman-accused-of-throwing-juice-over-womens-rights-activist-posie-parker-pleads-not-guilty/QI24T5Z5BBCG5GDEDAP6I7KIEI/ |access-date=2023-04-07 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> Magoya bayan Rubashkyn sun tara sama da dala 15,000 a cikin makonni biyu da suka biyo bayan lamarin don biyan kuɗinta na shari'a. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Shibu |date=2023-03-31 |title=Fundraiser For NZ Trans Activist Who Doused Kellie-Jay Keen With Tomato Sauce |url=https://www.starobserver.com.au/news/international-news-news/fundraiser-for-nz-trans-activist-who-doused-kellie-jay-keen-with-tomato-sauce/222889 |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Star Observer |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Afrilun 2023, lauyan Rubashkyn ya shigar da kara a madadinta, tare da komawa kotu a watan Yuli. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=2023-04-05 |title=Protester pleads not guilty to assault after throwing juice on Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/crime/300848339/protester-pleads-not-guilty-to-assault-after-throwing-juice-on-posie-parker |access-date=2023-04-06 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 20 ga watan Satumba, lauyan Rubashkyn James Olsen ya nemi a soke tuhumar da ake yi mata a kotun gundumar Auckland. Keen-Minshull ta kwaɗaitar da magoya bayanta da su taru a kusa da kotun ta kafafen sada zumunta; Bayan ta yi watsi da shirin tafiya na biyu zuwa New Zealand saboda matsalolin tsaro. Magoya bayan Keen-Minshull da suka haɗa da kungiyar "Bari mace ta yi magana" sun haɗu da mambobin kungiyar Trans Liberation Alliance (TLA) da suka taru a kotun St Patrick da ke kusa da kotun gundumar Auckland. Wannan zanga-zangar ta kasance cikin lumana tare da ‘yan sanda sun raba kungiyoyin biyu. Olsen ya bayar da hujjar cewa ya kamata a yi watsi da karar tun da Keen-Minshull ya ki gabatar da kara ko mika shaida ga ‘yan sanda. Dan sanda mai gabatar da kara Sajan Phil Mann ya nemi ya dogara da kalaman da Keen-Minshull ya yi na yin fim ga TVNZ bayan faruwar lamarin. Mai shari’a Claire Ryan ta ajiye hukuncinta har sai an saurari karar a watan Oktoba 2023. <ref name="NZH 21 Sep 2023" /> A ranar 26 ga watan Oktoba, alkalin kotun Ryan ya ki amincewa da yunkurin Rubashkyn na yin watsi da tuhumar da ake mata, ya kuma yanke hukuncin cewa za ta fuskanci shari'a kan laifuka biyu na cin zarafi da ake yi wa Keen-Minshull. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] <references /> fc34knza8u85ualy39in3ucjb67wl3r 826549 826547 2026-04-26T07:47:57Z Pharouqenr 25549 826549 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Eliana Rubashkyn''' (an Haife ta a ranar 25 ga watan Yuni 1988) 'yar ƙasar [[New Zealand]] likitar harhaɗa magunguna ce kuma masaniya a fannin ilmin sinadarai,<ref name="Millane">{{Cite web |date=2019-11-14 |title='I'm sorry': Moment murder accused admitted Grace was dead |url=https://www.odt.co.nz/news/national/im-sorry-moment-murder-accused-admitted-grace-was-dead |access-date=2023-04-01 |website=Otago Daily Times Online News |language=en}}</ref> sananniya ce da kasancewa mace ta farko da aka ba wa namiji lokacin haihuwa da aka amince da shi a matsayin [[mace]] mai tsarin [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] a ƙarƙashin dokar 'yan gudun hijira ta duniya. An haife ta a Kolombiya, Rubashkyn ba ta da ƙasa a da.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=McGee |first=Thomas |date=2020 |title=Rainbow statelessness - between sexual citizenship and legal theory: Exploring the statelessness-LGBTIQ+ nexus. |url=https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/agispt.20221018075985 |journal=Statelessness & Citizenship Review |volume=2(1) |issue=2 |pages=64–85 |via=[[Informit (database)|Informit]]}}</ref> a halin yanzu tana aiki a matsayin jami'in shirye-shirye a duniya ta ILGA,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ælien Rubashkyn - ILGA World |url=https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907100944/https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |archive-date=7 September 2021 |access-date=7 September 2021}}</ref> kuma a matsayin masaniya a fannin kimiyyar rage cutar da ke haɓaka yakin neman hakkin ɗan adam na tallafi ga masu neman mafaka na LGBTI, 'yan gudun hijira da masu shiga tsakani a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ITANZ - Intersex Awareness New Zealand 2019 - Board Members |url=http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |access-date=2024-07-05 |archive-date=2019-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190911065353/http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> An amince [[Jinsi|da jinsin]] Rubashkyn a ƙarƙashin Yarjejeniyar [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] ta 1951 dangane da Matsayin 'Yan Gudun Hijira.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Human Rights Campaign 2014 |title=Hong Kong recognized Trans woman without Sex reassignment Surgery |url=http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006154905/http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=3 February 2015}}</ref> Shari'ar Rubashkyn ya ja hankalin kafafen yaɗa labarai na ƙasa da ƙasa da lauyoyi bayan cin zarafin da aka yi mata biyo bayan tsare ta a filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong saboda rashin jituwa tsakanin [[Asalin jinsi|jinsinta]] da hoton fasfo dinta, wanda ya haifar da shekaru da dama na rashin ƙasa a Hong Kong.  da kuma ƙasƙantar da ɗan adam zuwa cibiyoyin mafaka da yawa a cikin Yuen Long.<ref name="Misunderstood and Stateless">{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref><ref name="UNHCR">{{Cite web |title=Transgender Refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong |url=http://www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/refdaily?pass=463ef21123&id=533cf1698 |access-date=20 March 2014 |publisher=UNHCR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 April 2014 |title=Hong Kong is 'hell' Transgender postgrad student-turned-refugee struggles to be recognised as a woman |url=http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006110553/http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=gaystarnews.com}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta koma New Zealand a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira a cikin shekarar 2014, kuma an ba ta shaida ta ƙasar New Zealand a cikin shekarar 2018.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee says NZ paradise |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/transgender-refugee-says-nz-paradise/FOX7DUD3XTF4K6OWN72OH2FWPE/ |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2023, an tuhumi Rubashkyn da laifuffuka biyu na kai hari kan jefa ruwan [[tumatir]] a kan masu fafutuka Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull da Tania Suzanne Sturt a wata zanga-zangar adawa da ziyarar Keen-Minshull.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-14 |title=Posie Parker assault case: Tomato juice protester Eliana Golberstein pleads guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-assault-case-tomato-juice-protester-eli-rubashkyn-pleads-guilty/J4XEWQPOJZF4XP654KYDSJTX2Q/ |access-date=2024-06-14 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Rubashkyn a [[Kolombiya|Colombia]] ga mahaifiyar Bayahudiya 'yar ƙasar Yukren wacce ta koma can a shekarun 1970s. An haife ta tare da yanayin jima'i na rashin jin daɗi na androgen kuma an sanya shi namiji a lokacin haihuwa.<ref name="3news">{{Cite web |date=26 July 2015 |title=Gender refugee hopes for NZ citizenship |url=http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151225151833/http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |archive-date=25 December 2015 |access-date=23 December 2015 |publisher=3 Degrees - TV3 New Zealand}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Vesga |first=Alejandro |date=11 July 2015 |title=El purgatorio de una transgénero víctima de un pasaporte con sexo masculino |url=http://www.kienyke.com/historias/el-purgatorio-de-una-transgenero-victima-de-un-pasaporte-con-sexo-masculino/}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2011, Rubashkyn ta sami digirinta a fannin harhaɗa magunguna da [[Kimiyya|sinadarai]] a Jami'ar ƙasa ta Colombia, kuma tana magana da harsuna biyar sosai.<ref name=":3"/> Bayan ta yi karatun ilmin halitta a Jami'ar Granada, an ba ta guraben karatu don haɓaka karatun digiri na biyu a fannin kiwon lafiyar jama'a a Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta [[Taipei]], kuma a lokaci guda ta fara canjin yanayi da tabbatar da jinsi a [[Taiwan]]. Rubashkyn ta gano cewa caka mata wuka a Colombia ne ya sa ta yanke shawarar neman ilimi a wasu wurare. === Rashin kasa === A cikin shekara guda da fara maganin maye gurbin hormone, yanayin jikin Rubashkyn ya canza sosai saboda yanayin jima'i, kuma hukumomin shige da fice na Taiwan sun buƙaci ta sabunta fasfo ɗinta a ƙaramin ofishin jakadancin Colombia kafin ta fara shekara ta biyu na karatun masters. Ta yi tafiya zuwa [[Hong Kong]] don yin hakan, amma lokacin da ta isa cibiyar shige da fice ta filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong, an tsare ta sama da watanni takwas a tsare da kuma cibiyoyin ‘yan gudun hijira da dama saboda rashin sanin yanayin shari’arta. <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 March 2014 |title=The Colombian transgender woman stranded in Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/la-transgenero-colombiana-atrapada-en-hong-kong/381292-3 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref> <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong to be recognised as woman |url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1457021/transgender-refugee-goes-through-hell-hong-kong-be-recognised-woman |access-date=3 March 2014 |website=South China Morning Post}}</ref> <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=2020-02-28 |title=Making New Zealand Home: Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/national/programmes/afternoons/audio/2018736234/making-new-zealand-home-eliana-rubashkyn |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=RNZ |language=en-nz}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta sha fama da cin zarafi da cin zarafi da musgunawa akai-akai a wurare da dama da take rayuwa a ciki. An tsare ta a wani sashin kula da taɓin hankali na Asibitin Sarauniya Elizabeth da ke Kowloon, sakamakon wani yunkurin kashe kanta, bayan an yi mata wulakanci da lalata da ita. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Live Interview (In Spanish) on CNN after being released from her reclusion in Hong Kong and China |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UkEsMq5xKfA/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> Ta kasa neman mafaka don a ba ta kariya a matsayinta na 'yar gudun hijira a Hong Kong saboda gwamnati ba ta amince da yarjejeniyar 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ba, ta fuskanci kora, kuma ta fuskanci mugun hali a wurin da ake tsare da filin jirgin sama. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ƙi tuntuɓar ofishin jakadancinta na gida don hana fitar da ita saboda rashin taimakon diflomasiyya da suka bayar, kuma ta zama ''marar'' ƙasa a ranar 30 ga watan Oktoba 2012. Matsayin Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ya iyakance hulɗar <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">&#x5D; ''<nowiki><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (April 2024)">za</span></nowiki>'' &#x5B;</sup> iya yi da hukumomi daga gwamnatocin Colombia. <ref name=":4"/> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Stuck in limbo the tragic story of the transgender refugee Eliana Rubashkyn |url=http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006162731/http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Time Out Hong Kong}}</ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=1 April 2010 |title=UNHCR and De Facto Statelessness |url=http://www.unhcr.org/4bc2ddeb9.pdf |access-date=28 November 2017 |publisher=Hugh Massey, Senior Legal Adviser, UNHCR Geneva}}</ref> Tare da taimakon [[Amnesty International]] da hukumar kula da 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya (UNHCR), an ba ta matsayin [[Ƴan gudun hijira|'yan gudun hijira]];  duk da haka, saboda Hong Kong ba ta sanya hannu kan taron ƴan gudun hijira na 1951 ba, ba ta amince da ita a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ba kuma ta nemi a tura ta zuwa Colombia. Lamarin nata ya ja hankalin duniya, musamman a Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya da Kolombiya, inda ake yawan cin zarafi tsakanin maza da mata da maza da mata. An kuma lura da shari'arta a [[New Zealand]], ƙasar da aka sani da matsayinta game da daidaito ga mutanen LGBTI. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cơn ác mộng của người chuyển giới ở Hong Kong |url=http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006101242/http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=Hot News Vietnam}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 April 2014 |title=Transgender refugee stranded in Hong Kong describes struggle to be recognized as woman |url=http://shanghaiist.com/2014/04/03/transgender-refugee-hong-kong.php |access-date=3 April 2014 |publisher=Shanhaiist}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=La historia de Eliana, la joven transgénero que está atrapada en Hong Kong |url=http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141010092822/http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |archive-date=10 October 2014 |access-date=29 March 2014 |publisher=Diario El País}}</ref> A watan Disamba na shekarar 2013, Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta ba da mafita ta hanyar amincewa Rubashkyn a matsayin mace a ƙarƙashin tsarin 'yan gudun hijira na UNHCR. Ta zama mace ta farko da aka amince da ita a matsayin mace a [[Sin|China]] ko Hong Kong ba tare da an yi mata tiyatar sake aikin jima'i ba ko kuma ta hanyar likita. <ref>{{Cite web |last=caracol.com.co |title=Transexual reconocida como mujer en China |url=http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006102218/http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 January 2014}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=行街紙隱去性別未變性博士准住女病房 |url=http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/news/art/20140315/18657221 |access-date=2 January 2014 |publisher=Apple Daily Hong Kong}}</ref> Wani labari na [[CNN]] game da gwagwarmayar ta da kuma ɗan gajeren fim game da rayuwarta a Hong Kong ta sami lambar yabo ta GLAAD Media Award a watan Mayu 2015. === Maidowa === A cikin watan Mayun 2014, New Zealand ta karɓi Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira kuma ta ba ta mafaka, ta ƙara fahimtar jinsinta a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 July 2014 |title=En libertad la transgénero presa en Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/eliana-rubashkyn-transgenero-colombiana-en-hong-kong-quedo-libre/394176-3 |access-date=5 January 2015 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref> Shari'arta ita ce ta farko a duniya da aka amince da jinsin mutum a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Eliana Rubashkyn. First case of International gender recognition through asylum |url=http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006140105/http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=Fundacion Triangulo}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Transexual colombiana atrapada en Hong Kong recibe refugio en Nueva Zelanda |url=http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006125201/http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=RCN}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2015, auren Rubashkyn ya sami kulawar kafofin watsa labaru mai mahimmanci lokacin da magatakarda na NZ na Aure ya nemi mataccen suna Rubashkyn, tare da sunanta na shari'a, don yin rajistar auren. A cikin shekarar 2019, Rubashkyn ya ba da shaida a matsayin wani ɓangare na binciken kisan Grace Millane, bayan da ta fahimci cewa ta yi wa wanda ake tuhuma hidima a wani kantin magani na Auckland. <ref name="Millane"/> == Sana'a == Tun lokacin da aka sake ta a New Zealand, Rubashkyn ta yi aiki a matsayin mai harhaɗa magunguna kuma tana da hannu cikin ayyukan bayar da shawarwari da yawa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ministry seeks feedback on draft vaping regulations, while pharmacy sales slow |url=https://www.pharmacytoday.co.nz/article/ministry-seeks-feedback-draft-vaping-regulations-while-pharmacy-sales-slow |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Pharmacy Today |language=en}}</ref> === Gwagwarmaya/Fafutuka === Rubashkyn ta ba da shawarar haƙƙoƙin 'yan gudun hijira da jima'i, transgender, da bambancin jinsi a New Zealand da kuma duniya baki ɗaya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rainbow refugees come to NZ to find safety, but say the system is not built for them |url=https://www.renews.co.nz/rainbow-refugees-come-to-nz-to-find-safety-but-say-the-system-is-not-built-for-them/ |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=www.renews.co.nz |language=en-US}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ba da gudummawa ga shirin ci gaban Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya da kuma Hukumar Kula da 'Yan Gudun Hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya a matsayinta na wacce ta kafa Rainbow Path Aotearoa New Zealand, wata kungiyar bayar da shawarwari ta 'yan gudun hijira ta LGBT. Yayin zanga-zangar adawa da Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull a [[Auckland]] a ranar 25 ga watan Maris 2023, Rubashkyn ta jefa ruwan tumatir a kan Keen-Minshull. Daga baya, Rubashkyn ta ba da rahoton samun barazanar kisa. Rubashkyn ta tafi Ostiraliya, sannan Amurka, tana mai cewa tana tsoron a kama ta a New Zealand. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice thrower says arrest warrant imminent |url=https://www.1news.co.nz/2023/03/29/posie-parker-juice-thrower-says-arrest-warrant-imminent/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=1 News |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='I am scared': Posie Parker juice-thrower claims arrest warrant pending |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-tomato-juicer-eli-rubashkyn-says-arrest-warrant-likely-to-be-filed/T7LTM7JSFVHVDKOLE37BTVDVBY/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=reporter |first=Auckland |date=2023-03-30 |title=Police lay assault charge on woman who threw juice over Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/131647981/police-lay-assault-charge-on-woman-who-threw-juice-over-posie-parker |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> Daga baya 'yan sandan New Zealand sun tuhume ta da laifuffuka biyu na hari, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-en-route-for-new-york-after-arrest-claim/OBCY2CCNPJAULNQOHSQVCXX6Y4/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Franks |first=Raphael |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.newstalkzb.co.nz/news/national/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-charged-with-assault/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=ZB |language=en-nz}}</ref> <ref name=":0" /> daya kirga kan lamarin ruwan tumatir da Keen-Minshull da kuma wani harin da aka kai wa wani daban, wanda ba a san ko wanene ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Woman accused of throwing juice over Posie Parker pleads not guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/woman-accused-of-throwing-juice-over-womens-rights-activist-posie-parker-pleads-not-guilty/QI24T5Z5BBCG5GDEDAP6I7KIEI/ |access-date=2023-04-07 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> Magoya bayan Rubashkyn sun tara sama da dala 15,000 a cikin makonni biyu da suka biyo bayan lamarin don biyan kuɗinta na shari'a. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Shibu |date=2023-03-31 |title=Fundraiser For NZ Trans Activist Who Doused Kellie-Jay Keen With Tomato Sauce |url=https://www.starobserver.com.au/news/international-news-news/fundraiser-for-nz-trans-activist-who-doused-kellie-jay-keen-with-tomato-sauce/222889 |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Star Observer |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Afrilun 2023, lauyan Rubashkyn ya shigar da kara a madadinta, tare da komawa kotu a watan Yuli. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=2023-04-05 |title=Protester pleads not guilty to assault after throwing juice on Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/crime/300848339/protester-pleads-not-guilty-to-assault-after-throwing-juice-on-posie-parker |access-date=2023-04-06 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 20 ga watan Satumba, lauyan Rubashkyn James Olsen ya nemi a soke tuhumar da ake yi mata a kotun gundumar Auckland. Keen-Minshull ta kwaɗaitar da magoya bayanta da su taru a kusa da kotun ta kafafen sada zumunta; Bayan ta yi watsi da shirin tafiya na biyu zuwa New Zealand saboda matsalolin tsaro. Magoya bayan Keen-Minshull da suka haɗa da kungiyar "Bari mace ta yi magana" sun haɗu da mambobin kungiyar Trans Liberation Alliance (TLA) da suka taru a kotun St Patrick da ke kusa da kotun gundumar Auckland. Wannan zanga-zangar ta kasance cikin lumana tare da ‘yan sanda sun raba kungiyoyin biyu. Olsen ya bayar da hujjar cewa ya kamata a yi watsi da karar tun da Keen-Minshull ya ki gabatar da kara ko mika shaida ga ‘yan sanda. Dan sanda mai gabatar da kara Sajan Phil Mann ya nemi ya dogara da kalaman da Keen-Minshull ya yi na yin fim ga TVNZ bayan faruwar lamarin. Mai shari’a Claire Ryan ta ajiye hukuncinta har sai an saurari karar a watan Oktoba 2023. <ref name="NZH 21 Sep 2023" /> A ranar 26 ga watan Oktoba, alkalin kotun Ryan ya ki amincewa da yunkurin Rubashkyn na yin watsi da tuhumar da ake mata, ya kuma yanke hukuncin cewa za ta fuskanci shari'a kan laifuka biyu na cin zarafi da ake yi wa Keen-Minshull. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] <references /> qhavnp8d8ujc41a96zfh01b3y9mljz8 826551 826549 2026-04-26T07:48:19Z Pharouqenr 25549 826551 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Eliana Rubashkyn''' (an Haife ta a ranar 25 ga watan Yuni 1988) 'yar ƙasar [[New Zealand]] likitar harhaɗa magunguna ce kuma masaniya a fannin ilmin sinadarai,<ref name="Millane">{{Cite web |date=2019-11-14 |title='I'm sorry': Moment murder accused admitted Grace was dead |url=https://www.odt.co.nz/news/national/im-sorry-moment-murder-accused-admitted-grace-was-dead |access-date=2023-04-01 |website=Otago Daily Times Online News |language=en}}</ref> sananniya ce da kasancewa mace ta farko da aka ba wa namiji lokacin haihuwa da aka amince da shi a matsayin [[mace]] mai tsarin [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] a ƙarƙashin dokar 'yan gudun hijira ta duniya. An haife ta a Kolombiya, Rubashkyn ba ta da ƙasa a da.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=McGee |first=Thomas |date=2020 |title=Rainbow statelessness - between sexual citizenship and legal theory: Exploring the statelessness-LGBTIQ+ nexus. |url=https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/agispt.20221018075985 |journal=Statelessness & Citizenship Review |volume=2(1) |issue=2 |pages=64–85 |via=[[Informit (database)|Informit]]}}</ref> a halin yanzu tana aiki a matsayin jami'in shirye-shirye a duniya ta ILGA,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ælien Rubashkyn - ILGA World |url=https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907100944/https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |archive-date=7 September 2021 |access-date=7 September 2021}}</ref> kuma a matsayin masaniya a fannin kimiyyar rage cutar da ke haɓaka yakin neman hakkin ɗan adam na tallafi ga masu neman mafaka na LGBTI, 'yan gudun hijira da masu shiga tsakani a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ITANZ - Intersex Awareness New Zealand 2019 - Board Members |url=http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |access-date=2024-07-05 |archive-date=2019-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190911065353/http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> An amince [[Jinsi|da jinsin]] Rubashkyn a ƙarƙashin Yarjejeniyar [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] ta 1951 dangane da Matsayin 'Yan Gudun Hijira.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Human Rights Campaign 2014 |title=Hong Kong recognized Trans woman without Sex reassignment Surgery |url=http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006154905/http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=3 February 2015}}</ref> Shari'ar Rubashkyn ya ja hankalin kafafen yaɗa labarai na ƙasa da ƙasa da lauyoyi bayan cin zarafin da aka yi mata biyo bayan tsare ta a filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong saboda rashin jituwa tsakanin [[Asalin jinsi|jinsinta]] da hoton fasfo dinta, wanda ya haifar da shekaru da dama na rashin ƙasa a Hong Kong.  da kuma ƙasƙantar da ɗan adam zuwa cibiyoyin mafaka da yawa a cikin Yuen Long.<ref name="Misunderstood and Stateless">{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref><ref name="UNHCR">{{Cite web |title=Transgender Refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong |url=http://www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/refdaily?pass=463ef21123&id=533cf1698 |access-date=20 March 2014 |publisher=UNHCR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 April 2014 |title=Hong Kong is 'hell' Transgender postgrad student-turned-refugee struggles to be recognised as a woman |url=http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006110553/http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=gaystarnews.com}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta koma New Zealand a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira a cikin shekarar 2014, kuma an ba ta shaida ta ƙasar New Zealand a cikin shekarar 2018.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee says NZ paradise |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/transgender-refugee-says-nz-paradise/FOX7DUD3XTF4K6OWN72OH2FWPE/ |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2023, an tuhumi Rubashkyn da laifuffuka biyu na kai hari kan jefa ruwan [[tumatir]] a kan masu fafutuka Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull da Tania Suzanne Sturt a wata zanga-zangar adawa da ziyarar Keen-Minshull.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-14 |title=Posie Parker assault case: Tomato juice protester Eliana Golberstein pleads guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-assault-case-tomato-juice-protester-eli-rubashkyn-pleads-guilty/J4XEWQPOJZF4XP654KYDSJTX2Q/ |access-date=2024-06-14 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Rubashkyn a [[Kolombiya|Colombia]] ga mahaifiyar Bayahudiya 'yar ƙasar Yukren wacce ta koma can a shekarun 1970s. An haife ta tare da yanayin jima'i na rashin jin daɗi na androgen kuma an sanya shi namiji a lokacin haihuwa.<ref name="3news">{{Cite web |date=26 July 2015 |title=Gender refugee hopes for NZ citizenship |url=http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151225151833/http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |archive-date=25 December 2015 |access-date=23 December 2015 |publisher=3 Degrees - TV3 New Zealand}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Vesga |first=Alejandro |date=11 July 2015 |title=El purgatorio de una transgénero víctima de un pasaporte con sexo masculino |url=http://www.kienyke.com/historias/el-purgatorio-de-una-transgenero-victima-de-un-pasaporte-con-sexo-masculino/}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2011, Rubashkyn ta sami digirinta a fannin harhaɗa magunguna da [[Kimiyya|sinadarai]] a Jami'ar ƙasa ta Colombia, kuma tana magana da harsuna biyar sosai.<ref name=":3"/> Bayan ta yi karatun ilmin halitta a Jami'ar Granada, an ba ta guraben karatu don haɓaka karatun digiri na biyu a fannin kiwon lafiyar jama'a a Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta [[Taipei]], kuma a lokaci guda ta fara canjin yanayi da tabbatar da jinsi a [[Taiwan]]. Rubashkyn ta gano cewa caka mata wuka a Colombia ne ya sa ta yanke shawarar neman ilimi a wasu wurare. === Rashin kasa === A cikin shekara guda da fara maganin maye gurbin hormone, yanayin jikin Rubashkyn ya canza sosai saboda yanayin jima'i, kuma hukumomin shige da fice na Taiwan sun buƙaci ta sabunta fasfo ɗinta a ƙaramin ofishin jakadancin Colombia kafin ta fara shekara ta biyu na karatun masters. Ta yi tafiya zuwa [[Hong Kong]] don yin hakan, amma lokacin da ta isa cibiyar shige da fice ta filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong, an tsare ta sama da watanni takwas a tsare da kuma cibiyoyin ‘yan gudun hijira da dama saboda rashin sanin yanayin shari’arta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 March 2014 |title=The Colombian transgender woman stranded in Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/la-transgenero-colombiana-atrapada-en-hong-kong/381292-3 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong to be recognised as woman |url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1457021/transgender-refugee-goes-through-hell-hong-kong-be-recognised-woman |access-date=3 March 2014 |website=South China Morning Post}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=2020-02-28 |title=Making New Zealand Home: Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/national/programmes/afternoons/audio/2018736234/making-new-zealand-home-eliana-rubashkyn |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=RNZ |language=en-nz}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta sha fama da cin zarafi da cin zarafi da musgunawa akai-akai a wurare da dama da take rayuwa a ciki. An tsare ta a wani sashin kula da taɓin hankali na Asibitin Sarauniya Elizabeth da ke Kowloon, sakamakon wani yunkurin kashe kanta, bayan an yi mata wulakanci da lalata da ita. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Live Interview (In Spanish) on CNN after being released from her reclusion in Hong Kong and China |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UkEsMq5xKfA/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> Ta kasa neman mafaka don a ba ta kariya a matsayinta na 'yar gudun hijira a Hong Kong saboda gwamnati ba ta amince da yarjejeniyar 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ba, ta fuskanci kora, kuma ta fuskanci mugun hali a wurin da ake tsare da filin jirgin sama. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ƙi tuntuɓar ofishin jakadancinta na gida don hana fitar da ita saboda rashin taimakon diflomasiyya da suka bayar, kuma ta zama ''marar'' ƙasa a ranar 30 ga watan Oktoba 2012. Matsayin Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ya iyakance hulɗar <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">&#x5D; ''<nowiki><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (April 2024)">za</span></nowiki>'' &#x5B;</sup> iya yi da hukumomi daga gwamnatocin Colombia. <ref name=":4"/> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Stuck in limbo the tragic story of the transgender refugee Eliana Rubashkyn |url=http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006162731/http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Time Out Hong Kong}}</ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=1 April 2010 |title=UNHCR and De Facto Statelessness |url=http://www.unhcr.org/4bc2ddeb9.pdf |access-date=28 November 2017 |publisher=Hugh Massey, Senior Legal Adviser, UNHCR Geneva}}</ref> Tare da taimakon [[Amnesty International]] da hukumar kula da 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya (UNHCR), an ba ta matsayin [[Ƴan gudun hijira|'yan gudun hijira]];  duk da haka, saboda Hong Kong ba ta sanya hannu kan taron ƴan gudun hijira na 1951 ba, ba ta amince da ita a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ba kuma ta nemi a tura ta zuwa Colombia. Lamarin nata ya ja hankalin duniya, musamman a Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya da Kolombiya, inda ake yawan cin zarafi tsakanin maza da mata da maza da mata. An kuma lura da shari'arta a [[New Zealand]], ƙasar da aka sani da matsayinta game da daidaito ga mutanen LGBTI. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cơn ác mộng của người chuyển giới ở Hong Kong |url=http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006101242/http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=Hot News Vietnam}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 April 2014 |title=Transgender refugee stranded in Hong Kong describes struggle to be recognized as woman |url=http://shanghaiist.com/2014/04/03/transgender-refugee-hong-kong.php |access-date=3 April 2014 |publisher=Shanhaiist}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=La historia de Eliana, la joven transgénero que está atrapada en Hong Kong |url=http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141010092822/http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |archive-date=10 October 2014 |access-date=29 March 2014 |publisher=Diario El País}}</ref> A watan Disamba na shekarar 2013, Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta ba da mafita ta hanyar amincewa Rubashkyn a matsayin mace a ƙarƙashin tsarin 'yan gudun hijira na UNHCR. Ta zama mace ta farko da aka amince da ita a matsayin mace a [[Sin|China]] ko Hong Kong ba tare da an yi mata tiyatar sake aikin jima'i ba ko kuma ta hanyar likita. <ref>{{Cite web |last=caracol.com.co |title=Transexual reconocida como mujer en China |url=http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006102218/http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 January 2014}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=行街紙隱去性別未變性博士准住女病房 |url=http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/news/art/20140315/18657221 |access-date=2 January 2014 |publisher=Apple Daily Hong Kong}}</ref> Wani labari na [[CNN]] game da gwagwarmayar ta da kuma ɗan gajeren fim game da rayuwarta a Hong Kong ta sami lambar yabo ta GLAAD Media Award a watan Mayu 2015. === Maidowa === A cikin watan Mayun 2014, New Zealand ta karɓi Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira kuma ta ba ta mafaka, ta ƙara fahimtar jinsinta a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 July 2014 |title=En libertad la transgénero presa en Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/eliana-rubashkyn-transgenero-colombiana-en-hong-kong-quedo-libre/394176-3 |access-date=5 January 2015 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref> Shari'arta ita ce ta farko a duniya da aka amince da jinsin mutum a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Eliana Rubashkyn. First case of International gender recognition through asylum |url=http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006140105/http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=Fundacion Triangulo}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Transexual colombiana atrapada en Hong Kong recibe refugio en Nueva Zelanda |url=http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006125201/http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=RCN}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2015, auren Rubashkyn ya sami kulawar kafofin watsa labaru mai mahimmanci lokacin da magatakarda na NZ na Aure ya nemi mataccen suna Rubashkyn, tare da sunanta na shari'a, don yin rajistar auren. A cikin shekarar 2019, Rubashkyn ya ba da shaida a matsayin wani ɓangare na binciken kisan Grace Millane, bayan da ta fahimci cewa ta yi wa wanda ake tuhuma hidima a wani kantin magani na Auckland. <ref name="Millane"/> == Sana'a == Tun lokacin da aka sake ta a New Zealand, Rubashkyn ta yi aiki a matsayin mai harhaɗa magunguna kuma tana da hannu cikin ayyukan bayar da shawarwari da yawa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ministry seeks feedback on draft vaping regulations, while pharmacy sales slow |url=https://www.pharmacytoday.co.nz/article/ministry-seeks-feedback-draft-vaping-regulations-while-pharmacy-sales-slow |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Pharmacy Today |language=en}}</ref> === Gwagwarmaya/Fafutuka === Rubashkyn ta ba da shawarar haƙƙoƙin 'yan gudun hijira da jima'i, transgender, da bambancin jinsi a New Zealand da kuma duniya baki ɗaya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rainbow refugees come to NZ to find safety, but say the system is not built for them |url=https://www.renews.co.nz/rainbow-refugees-come-to-nz-to-find-safety-but-say-the-system-is-not-built-for-them/ |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=www.renews.co.nz |language=en-US}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ba da gudummawa ga shirin ci gaban Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya da kuma Hukumar Kula da 'Yan Gudun Hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya a matsayinta na wacce ta kafa Rainbow Path Aotearoa New Zealand, wata kungiyar bayar da shawarwari ta 'yan gudun hijira ta LGBT. Yayin zanga-zangar adawa da Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull a [[Auckland]] a ranar 25 ga watan Maris 2023, Rubashkyn ta jefa ruwan tumatir a kan Keen-Minshull. Daga baya, Rubashkyn ta ba da rahoton samun barazanar kisa. Rubashkyn ta tafi Ostiraliya, sannan Amurka, tana mai cewa tana tsoron a kama ta a New Zealand. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice thrower says arrest warrant imminent |url=https://www.1news.co.nz/2023/03/29/posie-parker-juice-thrower-says-arrest-warrant-imminent/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=1 News |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='I am scared': Posie Parker juice-thrower claims arrest warrant pending |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-tomato-juicer-eli-rubashkyn-says-arrest-warrant-likely-to-be-filed/T7LTM7JSFVHVDKOLE37BTVDVBY/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=reporter |first=Auckland |date=2023-03-30 |title=Police lay assault charge on woman who threw juice over Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/131647981/police-lay-assault-charge-on-woman-who-threw-juice-over-posie-parker |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> Daga baya 'yan sandan New Zealand sun tuhume ta da laifuffuka biyu na hari, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-en-route-for-new-york-after-arrest-claim/OBCY2CCNPJAULNQOHSQVCXX6Y4/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Franks |first=Raphael |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.newstalkzb.co.nz/news/national/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-charged-with-assault/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=ZB |language=en-nz}}</ref> <ref name=":0" /> daya kirga kan lamarin ruwan tumatir da Keen-Minshull da kuma wani harin da aka kai wa wani daban, wanda ba a san ko wanene ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Woman accused of throwing juice over Posie Parker pleads not guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/woman-accused-of-throwing-juice-over-womens-rights-activist-posie-parker-pleads-not-guilty/QI24T5Z5BBCG5GDEDAP6I7KIEI/ |access-date=2023-04-07 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> Magoya bayan Rubashkyn sun tara sama da dala 15,000 a cikin makonni biyu da suka biyo bayan lamarin don biyan kuɗinta na shari'a. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Shibu |date=2023-03-31 |title=Fundraiser For NZ Trans Activist Who Doused Kellie-Jay Keen With Tomato Sauce |url=https://www.starobserver.com.au/news/international-news-news/fundraiser-for-nz-trans-activist-who-doused-kellie-jay-keen-with-tomato-sauce/222889 |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Star Observer |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Afrilun 2023, lauyan Rubashkyn ya shigar da kara a madadinta, tare da komawa kotu a watan Yuli. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=2023-04-05 |title=Protester pleads not guilty to assault after throwing juice on Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/crime/300848339/protester-pleads-not-guilty-to-assault-after-throwing-juice-on-posie-parker |access-date=2023-04-06 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 20 ga watan Satumba, lauyan Rubashkyn James Olsen ya nemi a soke tuhumar da ake yi mata a kotun gundumar Auckland. Keen-Minshull ta kwaɗaitar da magoya bayanta da su taru a kusa da kotun ta kafafen sada zumunta; Bayan ta yi watsi da shirin tafiya na biyu zuwa New Zealand saboda matsalolin tsaro. Magoya bayan Keen-Minshull da suka haɗa da kungiyar "Bari mace ta yi magana" sun haɗu da mambobin kungiyar Trans Liberation Alliance (TLA) da suka taru a kotun St Patrick da ke kusa da kotun gundumar Auckland. Wannan zanga-zangar ta kasance cikin lumana tare da ‘yan sanda sun raba kungiyoyin biyu. Olsen ya bayar da hujjar cewa ya kamata a yi watsi da karar tun da Keen-Minshull ya ki gabatar da kara ko mika shaida ga ‘yan sanda. Dan sanda mai gabatar da kara Sajan Phil Mann ya nemi ya dogara da kalaman da Keen-Minshull ya yi na yin fim ga TVNZ bayan faruwar lamarin. Mai shari’a Claire Ryan ta ajiye hukuncinta har sai an saurari karar a watan Oktoba 2023. <ref name="NZH 21 Sep 2023" /> A ranar 26 ga watan Oktoba, alkalin kotun Ryan ya ki amincewa da yunkurin Rubashkyn na yin watsi da tuhumar da ake mata, ya kuma yanke hukuncin cewa za ta fuskanci shari'a kan laifuka biyu na cin zarafi da ake yi wa Keen-Minshull. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] <references /> toqqc3jxsnywc6wzgw2kjd2b9itsj46 826553 826551 2026-04-26T07:48:44Z Pharouqenr 25549 826553 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Eliana Rubashkyn''' (an Haife ta a ranar 25 ga watan Yuni 1988) 'yar ƙasar [[New Zealand]] likitar harhaɗa magunguna ce kuma masaniya a fannin ilmin sinadarai,<ref name="Millane">{{Cite web |date=2019-11-14 |title='I'm sorry': Moment murder accused admitted Grace was dead |url=https://www.odt.co.nz/news/national/im-sorry-moment-murder-accused-admitted-grace-was-dead |access-date=2023-04-01 |website=Otago Daily Times Online News |language=en}}</ref> sananniya ce da kasancewa mace ta farko da aka ba wa namiji lokacin haihuwa da aka amince da shi a matsayin [[mace]] mai tsarin [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] a ƙarƙashin dokar 'yan gudun hijira ta duniya. An haife ta a Kolombiya, Rubashkyn ba ta da ƙasa a da.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=McGee |first=Thomas |date=2020 |title=Rainbow statelessness - between sexual citizenship and legal theory: Exploring the statelessness-LGBTIQ+ nexus. |url=https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/agispt.20221018075985 |journal=Statelessness & Citizenship Review |volume=2(1) |issue=2 |pages=64–85 |via=[[Informit (database)|Informit]]}}</ref> a halin yanzu tana aiki a matsayin jami'in shirye-shirye a duniya ta ILGA,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ælien Rubashkyn - ILGA World |url=https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907100944/https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |archive-date=7 September 2021 |access-date=7 September 2021}}</ref> kuma a matsayin masaniya a fannin kimiyyar rage cutar da ke haɓaka yakin neman hakkin ɗan adam na tallafi ga masu neman mafaka na LGBTI, 'yan gudun hijira da masu shiga tsakani a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ITANZ - Intersex Awareness New Zealand 2019 - Board Members |url=http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |access-date=2024-07-05 |archive-date=2019-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190911065353/http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> An amince [[Jinsi|da jinsin]] Rubashkyn a ƙarƙashin Yarjejeniyar [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] ta 1951 dangane da Matsayin 'Yan Gudun Hijira.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Human Rights Campaign 2014 |title=Hong Kong recognized Trans woman without Sex reassignment Surgery |url=http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006154905/http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=3 February 2015}}</ref> Shari'ar Rubashkyn ya ja hankalin kafafen yaɗa labarai na ƙasa da ƙasa da lauyoyi bayan cin zarafin da aka yi mata biyo bayan tsare ta a filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong saboda rashin jituwa tsakanin [[Asalin jinsi|jinsinta]] da hoton fasfo dinta, wanda ya haifar da shekaru da dama na rashin ƙasa a Hong Kong.  da kuma ƙasƙantar da ɗan adam zuwa cibiyoyin mafaka da yawa a cikin Yuen Long.<ref name="Misunderstood and Stateless">{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref><ref name="UNHCR">{{Cite web |title=Transgender Refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong |url=http://www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/refdaily?pass=463ef21123&id=533cf1698 |access-date=20 March 2014 |publisher=UNHCR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 April 2014 |title=Hong Kong is 'hell' Transgender postgrad student-turned-refugee struggles to be recognised as a woman |url=http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006110553/http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=gaystarnews.com}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta koma New Zealand a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira a cikin shekarar 2014, kuma an ba ta shaida ta ƙasar New Zealand a cikin shekarar 2018.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee says NZ paradise |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/transgender-refugee-says-nz-paradise/FOX7DUD3XTF4K6OWN72OH2FWPE/ |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2023, an tuhumi Rubashkyn da laifuffuka biyu na kai hari kan jefa ruwan [[tumatir]] a kan masu fafutuka Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull da Tania Suzanne Sturt a wata zanga-zangar adawa da ziyarar Keen-Minshull.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-14 |title=Posie Parker assault case: Tomato juice protester Eliana Golberstein pleads guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-assault-case-tomato-juice-protester-eli-rubashkyn-pleads-guilty/J4XEWQPOJZF4XP654KYDSJTX2Q/ |access-date=2024-06-14 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Rubashkyn a [[Kolombiya|Colombia]] ga mahaifiyar Bayahudiya 'yar ƙasar Yukren wacce ta koma can a shekarun 1970s. An haife ta tare da yanayin jima'i na rashin jin daɗi na androgen kuma an sanya shi namiji a lokacin haihuwa.<ref name="3news">{{Cite web |date=26 July 2015 |title=Gender refugee hopes for NZ citizenship |url=http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151225151833/http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |archive-date=25 December 2015 |access-date=23 December 2015 |publisher=3 Degrees - TV3 New Zealand}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Vesga |first=Alejandro |date=11 July 2015 |title=El purgatorio de una transgénero víctima de un pasaporte con sexo masculino |url=http://www.kienyke.com/historias/el-purgatorio-de-una-transgenero-victima-de-un-pasaporte-con-sexo-masculino/}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2011, Rubashkyn ta sami digirinta a fannin harhaɗa magunguna da [[Kimiyya|sinadarai]] a Jami'ar ƙasa ta Colombia, kuma tana magana da harsuna biyar sosai.<ref name=":3"/> Bayan ta yi karatun ilmin halitta a Jami'ar Granada, an ba ta guraben karatu don haɓaka karatun digiri na biyu a fannin kiwon lafiyar jama'a a Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta [[Taipei]], kuma a lokaci guda ta fara canjin yanayi da tabbatar da jinsi a [[Taiwan]]. Rubashkyn ta gano cewa caka mata wuka a Colombia ne ya sa ta yanke shawarar neman ilimi a wasu wurare. === Rashin kasa === A cikin shekara guda da fara maganin maye gurbin hormone, yanayin jikin Rubashkyn ya canza sosai saboda yanayin jima'i, kuma hukumomin shige da fice na Taiwan sun buƙaci ta sabunta fasfo ɗinta a ƙaramin ofishin jakadancin Colombia kafin ta fara shekara ta biyu na karatun masters. Ta yi tafiya zuwa [[Hong Kong]] don yin hakan, amma lokacin da ta isa cibiyar shige da fice ta filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong, an tsare ta sama da watanni takwas a tsare da kuma cibiyoyin ‘yan gudun hijira da dama saboda rashin sanin yanayin shari’arta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 March 2014 |title=The Colombian transgender woman stranded in Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/la-transgenero-colombiana-atrapada-en-hong-kong/381292-3 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong to be recognised as woman |url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1457021/transgender-refugee-goes-through-hell-hong-kong-be-recognised-woman |access-date=3 March 2014 |website=South China Morning Post}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=2020-02-28 |title=Making New Zealand Home: Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/national/programmes/afternoons/audio/2018736234/making-new-zealand-home-eliana-rubashkyn |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=RNZ |language=en-nz}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta sha fama da cin zarafi da cin zarafi da musgunawa akai-akai a wurare da dama da take rayuwa a ciki. An tsare ta a wani sashin kula da taɓin hankali na Asibitin Sarauniya Elizabeth da ke Kowloon, sakamakon wani yunkurin kashe kanta, bayan an yi mata wulakanci da lalata da ita.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Live Interview (In Spanish) on CNN after being released from her reclusion in Hong Kong and China |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UkEsMq5xKfA/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> Ta kasa neman mafaka don a ba ta kariya a matsayinta na 'yar gudun hijira a Hong Kong saboda gwamnati ba ta amince da yarjejeniyar 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ba, ta fuskanci kora, kuma ta fuskanci mugun hali a wurin da ake tsare da filin jirgin sama. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ƙi tuntuɓar ofishin jakadancinta na gida don hana fitar da ita saboda rashin taimakon diflomasiyya da suka bayar, kuma ta zama ''marar'' ƙasa a ranar 30 ga watan Oktoba 2012. Matsayin Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ya iyakance hulɗar <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">&#x5D; ''<nowiki><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (April 2024)">za</span></nowiki>'' &#x5B;</sup> iya yi da hukumomi daga gwamnatocin Colombia. <ref name=":4"/> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Stuck in limbo the tragic story of the transgender refugee Eliana Rubashkyn |url=http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006162731/http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Time Out Hong Kong}}</ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=1 April 2010 |title=UNHCR and De Facto Statelessness |url=http://www.unhcr.org/4bc2ddeb9.pdf |access-date=28 November 2017 |publisher=Hugh Massey, Senior Legal Adviser, UNHCR Geneva}}</ref> Tare da taimakon [[Amnesty International]] da hukumar kula da 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya (UNHCR), an ba ta matsayin [[Ƴan gudun hijira|'yan gudun hijira]];  duk da haka, saboda Hong Kong ba ta sanya hannu kan taron ƴan gudun hijira na 1951 ba, ba ta amince da ita a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ba kuma ta nemi a tura ta zuwa Colombia. Lamarin nata ya ja hankalin duniya, musamman a Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya da Kolombiya, inda ake yawan cin zarafi tsakanin maza da mata da maza da mata. An kuma lura da shari'arta a [[New Zealand]], ƙasar da aka sani da matsayinta game da daidaito ga mutanen LGBTI. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cơn ác mộng của người chuyển giới ở Hong Kong |url=http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006101242/http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=Hot News Vietnam}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 April 2014 |title=Transgender refugee stranded in Hong Kong describes struggle to be recognized as woman |url=http://shanghaiist.com/2014/04/03/transgender-refugee-hong-kong.php |access-date=3 April 2014 |publisher=Shanhaiist}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=La historia de Eliana, la joven transgénero que está atrapada en Hong Kong |url=http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141010092822/http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |archive-date=10 October 2014 |access-date=29 March 2014 |publisher=Diario El País}}</ref> A watan Disamba na shekarar 2013, Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta ba da mafita ta hanyar amincewa Rubashkyn a matsayin mace a ƙarƙashin tsarin 'yan gudun hijira na UNHCR. Ta zama mace ta farko da aka amince da ita a matsayin mace a [[Sin|China]] ko Hong Kong ba tare da an yi mata tiyatar sake aikin jima'i ba ko kuma ta hanyar likita. <ref>{{Cite web |last=caracol.com.co |title=Transexual reconocida como mujer en China |url=http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006102218/http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 January 2014}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=行街紙隱去性別未變性博士准住女病房 |url=http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/news/art/20140315/18657221 |access-date=2 January 2014 |publisher=Apple Daily Hong Kong}}</ref> Wani labari na [[CNN]] game da gwagwarmayar ta da kuma ɗan gajeren fim game da rayuwarta a Hong Kong ta sami lambar yabo ta GLAAD Media Award a watan Mayu 2015. === Maidowa === A cikin watan Mayun 2014, New Zealand ta karɓi Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira kuma ta ba ta mafaka, ta ƙara fahimtar jinsinta a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 July 2014 |title=En libertad la transgénero presa en Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/eliana-rubashkyn-transgenero-colombiana-en-hong-kong-quedo-libre/394176-3 |access-date=5 January 2015 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref> Shari'arta ita ce ta farko a duniya da aka amince da jinsin mutum a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Eliana Rubashkyn. First case of International gender recognition through asylum |url=http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006140105/http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=Fundacion Triangulo}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Transexual colombiana atrapada en Hong Kong recibe refugio en Nueva Zelanda |url=http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006125201/http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=RCN}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2015, auren Rubashkyn ya sami kulawar kafofin watsa labaru mai mahimmanci lokacin da magatakarda na NZ na Aure ya nemi mataccen suna Rubashkyn, tare da sunanta na shari'a, don yin rajistar auren. A cikin shekarar 2019, Rubashkyn ya ba da shaida a matsayin wani ɓangare na binciken kisan Grace Millane, bayan da ta fahimci cewa ta yi wa wanda ake tuhuma hidima a wani kantin magani na Auckland. <ref name="Millane"/> == Sana'a == Tun lokacin da aka sake ta a New Zealand, Rubashkyn ta yi aiki a matsayin mai harhaɗa magunguna kuma tana da hannu cikin ayyukan bayar da shawarwari da yawa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ministry seeks feedback on draft vaping regulations, while pharmacy sales slow |url=https://www.pharmacytoday.co.nz/article/ministry-seeks-feedback-draft-vaping-regulations-while-pharmacy-sales-slow |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Pharmacy Today |language=en}}</ref> === Gwagwarmaya/Fafutuka === Rubashkyn ta ba da shawarar haƙƙoƙin 'yan gudun hijira da jima'i, transgender, da bambancin jinsi a New Zealand da kuma duniya baki ɗaya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rainbow refugees come to NZ to find safety, but say the system is not built for them |url=https://www.renews.co.nz/rainbow-refugees-come-to-nz-to-find-safety-but-say-the-system-is-not-built-for-them/ |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=www.renews.co.nz |language=en-US}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ba da gudummawa ga shirin ci gaban Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya da kuma Hukumar Kula da 'Yan Gudun Hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya a matsayinta na wacce ta kafa Rainbow Path Aotearoa New Zealand, wata kungiyar bayar da shawarwari ta 'yan gudun hijira ta LGBT. Yayin zanga-zangar adawa da Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull a [[Auckland]] a ranar 25 ga watan Maris 2023, Rubashkyn ta jefa ruwan tumatir a kan Keen-Minshull. Daga baya, Rubashkyn ta ba da rahoton samun barazanar kisa. Rubashkyn ta tafi Ostiraliya, sannan Amurka, tana mai cewa tana tsoron a kama ta a New Zealand. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice thrower says arrest warrant imminent |url=https://www.1news.co.nz/2023/03/29/posie-parker-juice-thrower-says-arrest-warrant-imminent/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=1 News |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='I am scared': Posie Parker juice-thrower claims arrest warrant pending |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-tomato-juicer-eli-rubashkyn-says-arrest-warrant-likely-to-be-filed/T7LTM7JSFVHVDKOLE37BTVDVBY/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=reporter |first=Auckland |date=2023-03-30 |title=Police lay assault charge on woman who threw juice over Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/131647981/police-lay-assault-charge-on-woman-who-threw-juice-over-posie-parker |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> Daga baya 'yan sandan New Zealand sun tuhume ta da laifuffuka biyu na hari, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-en-route-for-new-york-after-arrest-claim/OBCY2CCNPJAULNQOHSQVCXX6Y4/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Franks |first=Raphael |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.newstalkzb.co.nz/news/national/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-charged-with-assault/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=ZB |language=en-nz}}</ref> <ref name=":0" /> daya kirga kan lamarin ruwan tumatir da Keen-Minshull da kuma wani harin da aka kai wa wani daban, wanda ba a san ko wanene ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Woman accused of throwing juice over Posie Parker pleads not guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/woman-accused-of-throwing-juice-over-womens-rights-activist-posie-parker-pleads-not-guilty/QI24T5Z5BBCG5GDEDAP6I7KIEI/ |access-date=2023-04-07 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> Magoya bayan Rubashkyn sun tara sama da dala 15,000 a cikin makonni biyu da suka biyo bayan lamarin don biyan kuɗinta na shari'a. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Shibu |date=2023-03-31 |title=Fundraiser For NZ Trans Activist Who Doused Kellie-Jay Keen With Tomato Sauce |url=https://www.starobserver.com.au/news/international-news-news/fundraiser-for-nz-trans-activist-who-doused-kellie-jay-keen-with-tomato-sauce/222889 |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Star Observer |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Afrilun 2023, lauyan Rubashkyn ya shigar da kara a madadinta, tare da komawa kotu a watan Yuli. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=2023-04-05 |title=Protester pleads not guilty to assault after throwing juice on Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/crime/300848339/protester-pleads-not-guilty-to-assault-after-throwing-juice-on-posie-parker |access-date=2023-04-06 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 20 ga watan Satumba, lauyan Rubashkyn James Olsen ya nemi a soke tuhumar da ake yi mata a kotun gundumar Auckland. Keen-Minshull ta kwaɗaitar da magoya bayanta da su taru a kusa da kotun ta kafafen sada zumunta; Bayan ta yi watsi da shirin tafiya na biyu zuwa New Zealand saboda matsalolin tsaro. Magoya bayan Keen-Minshull da suka haɗa da kungiyar "Bari mace ta yi magana" sun haɗu da mambobin kungiyar Trans Liberation Alliance (TLA) da suka taru a kotun St Patrick da ke kusa da kotun gundumar Auckland. Wannan zanga-zangar ta kasance cikin lumana tare da ‘yan sanda sun raba kungiyoyin biyu. Olsen ya bayar da hujjar cewa ya kamata a yi watsi da karar tun da Keen-Minshull ya ki gabatar da kara ko mika shaida ga ‘yan sanda. Dan sanda mai gabatar da kara Sajan Phil Mann ya nemi ya dogara da kalaman da Keen-Minshull ya yi na yin fim ga TVNZ bayan faruwar lamarin. Mai shari’a Claire Ryan ta ajiye hukuncinta har sai an saurari karar a watan Oktoba 2023. <ref name="NZH 21 Sep 2023" /> A ranar 26 ga watan Oktoba, alkalin kotun Ryan ya ki amincewa da yunkurin Rubashkyn na yin watsi da tuhumar da ake mata, ya kuma yanke hukuncin cewa za ta fuskanci shari'a kan laifuka biyu na cin zarafi da ake yi wa Keen-Minshull. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] <references /> dusa9qyhw56jjpb0923387227nm2a4h 826554 826553 2026-04-26T07:49:17Z Pharouqenr 25549 826554 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Eliana Rubashkyn''' (an Haife ta a ranar 25 ga watan Yuni 1988) 'yar ƙasar [[New Zealand]] likitar harhaɗa magunguna ce kuma masaniya a fannin ilmin sinadarai,<ref name="Millane">{{Cite web |date=2019-11-14 |title='I'm sorry': Moment murder accused admitted Grace was dead |url=https://www.odt.co.nz/news/national/im-sorry-moment-murder-accused-admitted-grace-was-dead |access-date=2023-04-01 |website=Otago Daily Times Online News |language=en}}</ref> sananniya ce da kasancewa mace ta farko da aka ba wa namiji lokacin haihuwa da aka amince da shi a matsayin [[mace]] mai tsarin [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] a ƙarƙashin dokar 'yan gudun hijira ta duniya. An haife ta a Kolombiya, Rubashkyn ba ta da ƙasa a da.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=McGee |first=Thomas |date=2020 |title=Rainbow statelessness - between sexual citizenship and legal theory: Exploring the statelessness-LGBTIQ+ nexus. |url=https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/agispt.20221018075985 |journal=Statelessness & Citizenship Review |volume=2(1) |issue=2 |pages=64–85 |via=[[Informit (database)|Informit]]}}</ref> a halin yanzu tana aiki a matsayin jami'in shirye-shirye a duniya ta ILGA,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ælien Rubashkyn - ILGA World |url=https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907100944/https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |archive-date=7 September 2021 |access-date=7 September 2021}}</ref> kuma a matsayin masaniya a fannin kimiyyar rage cutar da ke haɓaka yakin neman hakkin ɗan adam na tallafi ga masu neman mafaka na LGBTI, 'yan gudun hijira da masu shiga tsakani a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ITANZ - Intersex Awareness New Zealand 2019 - Board Members |url=http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |access-date=2024-07-05 |archive-date=2019-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190911065353/http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> An amince [[Jinsi|da jinsin]] Rubashkyn a ƙarƙashin Yarjejeniyar [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] ta 1951 dangane da Matsayin 'Yan Gudun Hijira.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Human Rights Campaign 2014 |title=Hong Kong recognized Trans woman without Sex reassignment Surgery |url=http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006154905/http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=3 February 2015}}</ref> Shari'ar Rubashkyn ya ja hankalin kafafen yaɗa labarai na ƙasa da ƙasa da lauyoyi bayan cin zarafin da aka yi mata biyo bayan tsare ta a filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong saboda rashin jituwa tsakanin [[Asalin jinsi|jinsinta]] da hoton fasfo dinta, wanda ya haifar da shekaru da dama na rashin ƙasa a Hong Kong.  da kuma ƙasƙantar da ɗan adam zuwa cibiyoyin mafaka da yawa a cikin Yuen Long.<ref name="Misunderstood and Stateless">{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref><ref name="UNHCR">{{Cite web |title=Transgender Refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong |url=http://www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/refdaily?pass=463ef21123&id=533cf1698 |access-date=20 March 2014 |publisher=UNHCR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 April 2014 |title=Hong Kong is 'hell' Transgender postgrad student-turned-refugee struggles to be recognised as a woman |url=http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006110553/http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=gaystarnews.com}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta koma New Zealand a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira a cikin shekarar 2014, kuma an ba ta shaida ta ƙasar New Zealand a cikin shekarar 2018.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee says NZ paradise |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/transgender-refugee-says-nz-paradise/FOX7DUD3XTF4K6OWN72OH2FWPE/ |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2023, an tuhumi Rubashkyn da laifuffuka biyu na kai hari kan jefa ruwan [[tumatir]] a kan masu fafutuka Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull da Tania Suzanne Sturt a wata zanga-zangar adawa da ziyarar Keen-Minshull.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-14 |title=Posie Parker assault case: Tomato juice protester Eliana Golberstein pleads guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-assault-case-tomato-juice-protester-eli-rubashkyn-pleads-guilty/J4XEWQPOJZF4XP654KYDSJTX2Q/ |access-date=2024-06-14 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Rubashkyn a [[Kolombiya|Colombia]] ga mahaifiyar Bayahudiya 'yar ƙasar Yukren wacce ta koma can a shekarun 1970s. An haife ta tare da yanayin jima'i na rashin jin daɗi na androgen kuma an sanya shi namiji a lokacin haihuwa.<ref name="3news">{{Cite web |date=26 July 2015 |title=Gender refugee hopes for NZ citizenship |url=http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151225151833/http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |archive-date=25 December 2015 |access-date=23 December 2015 |publisher=3 Degrees - TV3 New Zealand}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Vesga |first=Alejandro |date=11 July 2015 |title=El purgatorio de una transgénero víctima de un pasaporte con sexo masculino |url=http://www.kienyke.com/historias/el-purgatorio-de-una-transgenero-victima-de-un-pasaporte-con-sexo-masculino/}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2011, Rubashkyn ta sami digirinta a fannin harhaɗa magunguna da [[Kimiyya|sinadarai]] a Jami'ar ƙasa ta Colombia, kuma tana magana da harsuna biyar sosai.<ref name=":3"/> Bayan ta yi karatun ilmin halitta a Jami'ar Granada, an ba ta guraben karatu don haɓaka karatun digiri na biyu a fannin kiwon lafiyar jama'a a Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta [[Taipei]], kuma a lokaci guda ta fara canjin yanayi da tabbatar da jinsi a [[Taiwan]]. Rubashkyn ta gano cewa caka mata wuka a Colombia ne ya sa ta yanke shawarar neman ilimi a wasu wurare. === Rashin kasa === A cikin shekara guda da fara maganin maye gurbin hormone, yanayin jikin Rubashkyn ya canza sosai saboda yanayin jima'i, kuma hukumomin shige da fice na Taiwan sun buƙaci ta sabunta fasfo ɗinta a ƙaramin ofishin jakadancin Colombia kafin ta fara shekara ta biyu na karatun masters. Ta yi tafiya zuwa [[Hong Kong]] don yin hakan, amma lokacin da ta isa cibiyar shige da fice ta filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong, an tsare ta sama da watanni takwas a tsare da kuma cibiyoyin ‘yan gudun hijira da dama saboda rashin sanin yanayin shari’arta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 March 2014 |title=The Colombian transgender woman stranded in Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/la-transgenero-colombiana-atrapada-en-hong-kong/381292-3 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong to be recognised as woman |url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1457021/transgender-refugee-goes-through-hell-hong-kong-be-recognised-woman |access-date=3 March 2014 |website=South China Morning Post}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=2020-02-28 |title=Making New Zealand Home: Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/national/programmes/afternoons/audio/2018736234/making-new-zealand-home-eliana-rubashkyn |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=RNZ |language=en-nz}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta sha fama da cin zarafi da cin zarafi da musgunawa akai-akai a wurare da dama da take rayuwa a ciki. An tsare ta a wani sashin kula da taɓin hankali na Asibitin Sarauniya Elizabeth da ke Kowloon, sakamakon wani yunkurin kashe kanta, bayan an yi mata wulakanci da lalata da ita.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Live Interview (In Spanish) on CNN after being released from her reclusion in Hong Kong and China |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UkEsMq5xKfA/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> Ta kasa neman mafaka don a ba ta kariya a matsayinta na 'yar gudun hijira a Hong Kong saboda gwamnati ba ta amince da yarjejeniyar 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ba, ta fuskanci kora, kuma ta fuskanci mugun hali a wurin da ake tsare da filin jirgin sama. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ƙi tuntuɓar ofishin jakadancinta na gida don hana fitar da ita saboda rashin taimakon diflomasiyya da suka bayar, kuma ta zama ''marar'' ƙasa a ranar 30 ga watan Oktoba 2012. Matsayin Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ya iyakance hulɗar iya yi da hukumomi daga gwamnatocin Colombia. <ref name=":4"/> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Stuck in limbo the tragic story of the transgender refugee Eliana Rubashkyn |url=http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006162731/http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Time Out Hong Kong}}</ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=1 April 2010 |title=UNHCR and De Facto Statelessness |url=http://www.unhcr.org/4bc2ddeb9.pdf |access-date=28 November 2017 |publisher=Hugh Massey, Senior Legal Adviser, UNHCR Geneva}}</ref> Tare da taimakon [[Amnesty International]] da hukumar kula da 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya (UNHCR), an ba ta matsayin [[Ƴan gudun hijira|'yan gudun hijira]];  duk da haka, saboda Hong Kong ba ta sanya hannu kan taron ƴan gudun hijira na 1951 ba, ba ta amince da ita a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ba kuma ta nemi a tura ta zuwa Colombia. Lamarin nata ya ja hankalin duniya, musamman a Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya da Kolombiya, inda ake yawan cin zarafi tsakanin maza da mata da maza da mata. An kuma lura da shari'arta a [[New Zealand]], ƙasar da aka sani da matsayinta game da daidaito ga mutanen LGBTI. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cơn ác mộng của người chuyển giới ở Hong Kong |url=http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006101242/http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=Hot News Vietnam}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 April 2014 |title=Transgender refugee stranded in Hong Kong describes struggle to be recognized as woman |url=http://shanghaiist.com/2014/04/03/transgender-refugee-hong-kong.php |access-date=3 April 2014 |publisher=Shanhaiist}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=La historia de Eliana, la joven transgénero que está atrapada en Hong Kong |url=http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141010092822/http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |archive-date=10 October 2014 |access-date=29 March 2014 |publisher=Diario El País}}</ref> A watan Disamba na shekarar 2013, Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta ba da mafita ta hanyar amincewa Rubashkyn a matsayin mace a ƙarƙashin tsarin 'yan gudun hijira na UNHCR. Ta zama mace ta farko da aka amince da ita a matsayin mace a [[Sin|China]] ko Hong Kong ba tare da an yi mata tiyatar sake aikin jima'i ba ko kuma ta hanyar likita. <ref>{{Cite web |last=caracol.com.co |title=Transexual reconocida como mujer en China |url=http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006102218/http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 January 2014}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=行街紙隱去性別未變性博士准住女病房 |url=http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/news/art/20140315/18657221 |access-date=2 January 2014 |publisher=Apple Daily Hong Kong}}</ref> Wani labari na [[CNN]] game da gwagwarmayar ta da kuma ɗan gajeren fim game da rayuwarta a Hong Kong ta sami lambar yabo ta GLAAD Media Award a watan Mayu 2015. === Maidowa === A cikin watan Mayun 2014, New Zealand ta karɓi Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira kuma ta ba ta mafaka, ta ƙara fahimtar jinsinta a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 July 2014 |title=En libertad la transgénero presa en Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/eliana-rubashkyn-transgenero-colombiana-en-hong-kong-quedo-libre/394176-3 |access-date=5 January 2015 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref> Shari'arta ita ce ta farko a duniya da aka amince da jinsin mutum a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Eliana Rubashkyn. First case of International gender recognition through asylum |url=http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006140105/http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=Fundacion Triangulo}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Transexual colombiana atrapada en Hong Kong recibe refugio en Nueva Zelanda |url=http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006125201/http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=RCN}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2015, auren Rubashkyn ya sami kulawar kafofin watsa labaru mai mahimmanci lokacin da magatakarda na NZ na Aure ya nemi mataccen suna Rubashkyn, tare da sunanta na shari'a, don yin rajistar auren. A cikin shekarar 2019, Rubashkyn ya ba da shaida a matsayin wani ɓangare na binciken kisan Grace Millane, bayan da ta fahimci cewa ta yi wa wanda ake tuhuma hidima a wani kantin magani na Auckland. <ref name="Millane"/> == Sana'a == Tun lokacin da aka sake ta a New Zealand, Rubashkyn ta yi aiki a matsayin mai harhaɗa magunguna kuma tana da hannu cikin ayyukan bayar da shawarwari da yawa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ministry seeks feedback on draft vaping regulations, while pharmacy sales slow |url=https://www.pharmacytoday.co.nz/article/ministry-seeks-feedback-draft-vaping-regulations-while-pharmacy-sales-slow |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Pharmacy Today |language=en}}</ref> === Gwagwarmaya/Fafutuka === Rubashkyn ta ba da shawarar haƙƙoƙin 'yan gudun hijira da jima'i, transgender, da bambancin jinsi a New Zealand da kuma duniya baki ɗaya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rainbow refugees come to NZ to find safety, but say the system is not built for them |url=https://www.renews.co.nz/rainbow-refugees-come-to-nz-to-find-safety-but-say-the-system-is-not-built-for-them/ |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=www.renews.co.nz |language=en-US}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ba da gudummawa ga shirin ci gaban Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya da kuma Hukumar Kula da 'Yan Gudun Hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya a matsayinta na wacce ta kafa Rainbow Path Aotearoa New Zealand, wata kungiyar bayar da shawarwari ta 'yan gudun hijira ta LGBT. Yayin zanga-zangar adawa da Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull a [[Auckland]] a ranar 25 ga watan Maris 2023, Rubashkyn ta jefa ruwan tumatir a kan Keen-Minshull. Daga baya, Rubashkyn ta ba da rahoton samun barazanar kisa. Rubashkyn ta tafi Ostiraliya, sannan Amurka, tana mai cewa tana tsoron a kama ta a New Zealand. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice thrower says arrest warrant imminent |url=https://www.1news.co.nz/2023/03/29/posie-parker-juice-thrower-says-arrest-warrant-imminent/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=1 News |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='I am scared': Posie Parker juice-thrower claims arrest warrant pending |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-tomato-juicer-eli-rubashkyn-says-arrest-warrant-likely-to-be-filed/T7LTM7JSFVHVDKOLE37BTVDVBY/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=reporter |first=Auckland |date=2023-03-30 |title=Police lay assault charge on woman who threw juice over Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/131647981/police-lay-assault-charge-on-woman-who-threw-juice-over-posie-parker |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> Daga baya 'yan sandan New Zealand sun tuhume ta da laifuffuka biyu na hari, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-en-route-for-new-york-after-arrest-claim/OBCY2CCNPJAULNQOHSQVCXX6Y4/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Franks |first=Raphael |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.newstalkzb.co.nz/news/national/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-charged-with-assault/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=ZB |language=en-nz}}</ref> <ref name=":0" /> daya kirga kan lamarin ruwan tumatir da Keen-Minshull da kuma wani harin da aka kai wa wani daban, wanda ba a san ko wanene ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Woman accused of throwing juice over Posie Parker pleads not guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/woman-accused-of-throwing-juice-over-womens-rights-activist-posie-parker-pleads-not-guilty/QI24T5Z5BBCG5GDEDAP6I7KIEI/ |access-date=2023-04-07 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> Magoya bayan Rubashkyn sun tara sama da dala 15,000 a cikin makonni biyu da suka biyo bayan lamarin don biyan kuɗinta na shari'a. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Shibu |date=2023-03-31 |title=Fundraiser For NZ Trans Activist Who Doused Kellie-Jay Keen With Tomato Sauce |url=https://www.starobserver.com.au/news/international-news-news/fundraiser-for-nz-trans-activist-who-doused-kellie-jay-keen-with-tomato-sauce/222889 |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Star Observer |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Afrilun 2023, lauyan Rubashkyn ya shigar da kara a madadinta, tare da komawa kotu a watan Yuli. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=2023-04-05 |title=Protester pleads not guilty to assault after throwing juice on Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/crime/300848339/protester-pleads-not-guilty-to-assault-after-throwing-juice-on-posie-parker |access-date=2023-04-06 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 20 ga watan Satumba, lauyan Rubashkyn James Olsen ya nemi a soke tuhumar da ake yi mata a kotun gundumar Auckland. Keen-Minshull ta kwaɗaitar da magoya bayanta da su taru a kusa da kotun ta kafafen sada zumunta; Bayan ta yi watsi da shirin tafiya na biyu zuwa New Zealand saboda matsalolin tsaro. Magoya bayan Keen-Minshull da suka haɗa da kungiyar "Bari mace ta yi magana" sun haɗu da mambobin kungiyar Trans Liberation Alliance (TLA) da suka taru a kotun St Patrick da ke kusa da kotun gundumar Auckland. Wannan zanga-zangar ta kasance cikin lumana tare da ‘yan sanda sun raba kungiyoyin biyu. Olsen ya bayar da hujjar cewa ya kamata a yi watsi da karar tun da Keen-Minshull ya ki gabatar da kara ko mika shaida ga ‘yan sanda. Dan sanda mai gabatar da kara Sajan Phil Mann ya nemi ya dogara da kalaman da Keen-Minshull ya yi na yin fim ga TVNZ bayan faruwar lamarin. Mai shari’a Claire Ryan ta ajiye hukuncinta har sai an saurari karar a watan Oktoba 2023. <ref name="NZH 21 Sep 2023" /> A ranar 26 ga watan Oktoba, alkalin kotun Ryan ya ki amincewa da yunkurin Rubashkyn na yin watsi da tuhumar da ake mata, ya kuma yanke hukuncin cewa za ta fuskanci shari'a kan laifuka biyu na cin zarafi da ake yi wa Keen-Minshull. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] <references /> 13czxtebiz2uxhmfr7mpm1vfv36n7a6 826556 826554 2026-04-26T07:49:38Z Pharouqenr 25549 826556 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Eliana Rubashkyn''' (an Haife ta a ranar 25 ga watan Yuni 1988) 'yar ƙasar [[New Zealand]] likitar harhaɗa magunguna ce kuma masaniya a fannin ilmin sinadarai,<ref name="Millane">{{Cite web |date=2019-11-14 |title='I'm sorry': Moment murder accused admitted Grace was dead |url=https://www.odt.co.nz/news/national/im-sorry-moment-murder-accused-admitted-grace-was-dead |access-date=2023-04-01 |website=Otago Daily Times Online News |language=en}}</ref> sananniya ce da kasancewa mace ta farko da aka ba wa namiji lokacin haihuwa da aka amince da shi a matsayin [[mace]] mai tsarin [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] a ƙarƙashin dokar 'yan gudun hijira ta duniya. An haife ta a Kolombiya, Rubashkyn ba ta da ƙasa a da.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=McGee |first=Thomas |date=2020 |title=Rainbow statelessness - between sexual citizenship and legal theory: Exploring the statelessness-LGBTIQ+ nexus. |url=https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/agispt.20221018075985 |journal=Statelessness & Citizenship Review |volume=2(1) |issue=2 |pages=64–85 |via=[[Informit (database)|Informit]]}}</ref> a halin yanzu tana aiki a matsayin jami'in shirye-shirye a duniya ta ILGA,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ælien Rubashkyn - ILGA World |url=https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907100944/https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |archive-date=7 September 2021 |access-date=7 September 2021}}</ref> kuma a matsayin masaniya a fannin kimiyyar rage cutar da ke haɓaka yakin neman hakkin ɗan adam na tallafi ga masu neman mafaka na LGBTI, 'yan gudun hijira da masu shiga tsakani a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ITANZ - Intersex Awareness New Zealand 2019 - Board Members |url=http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |access-date=2024-07-05 |archive-date=2019-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190911065353/http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> An amince [[Jinsi|da jinsin]] Rubashkyn a ƙarƙashin Yarjejeniyar [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] ta 1951 dangane da Matsayin 'Yan Gudun Hijira.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Human Rights Campaign 2014 |title=Hong Kong recognized Trans woman without Sex reassignment Surgery |url=http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006154905/http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=3 February 2015}}</ref> Shari'ar Rubashkyn ya ja hankalin kafafen yaɗa labarai na ƙasa da ƙasa da lauyoyi bayan cin zarafin da aka yi mata biyo bayan tsare ta a filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong saboda rashin jituwa tsakanin [[Asalin jinsi|jinsinta]] da hoton fasfo dinta, wanda ya haifar da shekaru da dama na rashin ƙasa a Hong Kong.  da kuma ƙasƙantar da ɗan adam zuwa cibiyoyin mafaka da yawa a cikin Yuen Long.<ref name="Misunderstood and Stateless">{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref><ref name="UNHCR">{{Cite web |title=Transgender Refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong |url=http://www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/refdaily?pass=463ef21123&id=533cf1698 |access-date=20 March 2014 |publisher=UNHCR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 April 2014 |title=Hong Kong is 'hell' Transgender postgrad student-turned-refugee struggles to be recognised as a woman |url=http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006110553/http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=gaystarnews.com}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta koma New Zealand a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira a cikin shekarar 2014, kuma an ba ta shaida ta ƙasar New Zealand a cikin shekarar 2018.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee says NZ paradise |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/transgender-refugee-says-nz-paradise/FOX7DUD3XTF4K6OWN72OH2FWPE/ |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2023, an tuhumi Rubashkyn da laifuffuka biyu na kai hari kan jefa ruwan [[tumatir]] a kan masu fafutuka Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull da Tania Suzanne Sturt a wata zanga-zangar adawa da ziyarar Keen-Minshull.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-14 |title=Posie Parker assault case: Tomato juice protester Eliana Golberstein pleads guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-assault-case-tomato-juice-protester-eli-rubashkyn-pleads-guilty/J4XEWQPOJZF4XP654KYDSJTX2Q/ |access-date=2024-06-14 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Rubashkyn a [[Kolombiya|Colombia]] ga mahaifiyar Bayahudiya 'yar ƙasar Yukren wacce ta koma can a shekarun 1970s. An haife ta tare da yanayin jima'i na rashin jin daɗi na androgen kuma an sanya shi namiji a lokacin haihuwa.<ref name="3news">{{Cite web |date=26 July 2015 |title=Gender refugee hopes for NZ citizenship |url=http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151225151833/http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |archive-date=25 December 2015 |access-date=23 December 2015 |publisher=3 Degrees - TV3 New Zealand}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Vesga |first=Alejandro |date=11 July 2015 |title=El purgatorio de una transgénero víctima de un pasaporte con sexo masculino |url=http://www.kienyke.com/historias/el-purgatorio-de-una-transgenero-victima-de-un-pasaporte-con-sexo-masculino/}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2011, Rubashkyn ta sami digirinta a fannin harhaɗa magunguna da [[Kimiyya|sinadarai]] a Jami'ar ƙasa ta Colombia, kuma tana magana da harsuna biyar sosai.<ref name=":3"/> Bayan ta yi karatun ilmin halitta a Jami'ar Granada, an ba ta guraben karatu don haɓaka karatun digiri na biyu a fannin kiwon lafiyar jama'a a Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta [[Taipei]], kuma a lokaci guda ta fara canjin yanayi da tabbatar da jinsi a [[Taiwan]]. Rubashkyn ta gano cewa caka mata wuka a Colombia ne ya sa ta yanke shawarar neman ilimi a wasu wurare. === Rashin kasa === A cikin shekara guda da fara maganin maye gurbin hormone, yanayin jikin Rubashkyn ya canza sosai saboda yanayin jima'i, kuma hukumomin shige da fice na Taiwan sun buƙaci ta sabunta fasfo ɗinta a ƙaramin ofishin jakadancin Colombia kafin ta fara shekara ta biyu na karatun masters. Ta yi tafiya zuwa [[Hong Kong]] don yin hakan, amma lokacin da ta isa cibiyar shige da fice ta filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong, an tsare ta sama da watanni takwas a tsare da kuma cibiyoyin ‘yan gudun hijira da dama saboda rashin sanin yanayin shari’arta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 March 2014 |title=The Colombian transgender woman stranded in Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/la-transgenero-colombiana-atrapada-en-hong-kong/381292-3 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong to be recognised as woman |url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1457021/transgender-refugee-goes-through-hell-hong-kong-be-recognised-woman |access-date=3 March 2014 |website=South China Morning Post}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=2020-02-28 |title=Making New Zealand Home: Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/national/programmes/afternoons/audio/2018736234/making-new-zealand-home-eliana-rubashkyn |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=RNZ |language=en-nz}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta sha fama da cin zarafi da cin zarafi da musgunawa akai-akai a wurare da dama da take rayuwa a ciki. An tsare ta a wani sashin kula da taɓin hankali na Asibitin Sarauniya Elizabeth da ke Kowloon, sakamakon wani yunkurin kashe kanta, bayan an yi mata wulakanci da lalata da ita.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Live Interview (In Spanish) on CNN after being released from her reclusion in Hong Kong and China |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UkEsMq5xKfA/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> Ta kasa neman mafaka don a ba ta kariya a matsayinta na 'yar gudun hijira a Hong Kong saboda gwamnati ba ta amince da yarjejeniyar 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ba, ta fuskanci kora, kuma ta fuskanci mugun hali a wurin da ake tsare da filin jirgin sama.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ƙi tuntuɓar ofishin jakadancinta na gida don hana fitar da ita saboda rashin taimakon diflomasiyya da suka bayar, kuma ta zama ''marar'' ƙasa a ranar 30 ga watan Oktoba 2012. Matsayin Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ya iyakance hulɗar iya yi da hukumomi daga gwamnatocin Colombia. <ref name=":4"/> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Stuck in limbo the tragic story of the transgender refugee Eliana Rubashkyn |url=http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006162731/http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Time Out Hong Kong}}</ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=1 April 2010 |title=UNHCR and De Facto Statelessness |url=http://www.unhcr.org/4bc2ddeb9.pdf |access-date=28 November 2017 |publisher=Hugh Massey, Senior Legal Adviser, UNHCR Geneva}}</ref> Tare da taimakon [[Amnesty International]] da hukumar kula da 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya (UNHCR), an ba ta matsayin [[Ƴan gudun hijira|'yan gudun hijira]];  duk da haka, saboda Hong Kong ba ta sanya hannu kan taron ƴan gudun hijira na 1951 ba, ba ta amince da ita a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ba kuma ta nemi a tura ta zuwa Colombia. Lamarin nata ya ja hankalin duniya, musamman a Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya da Kolombiya, inda ake yawan cin zarafi tsakanin maza da mata da maza da mata. An kuma lura da shari'arta a [[New Zealand]], ƙasar da aka sani da matsayinta game da daidaito ga mutanen LGBTI. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cơn ác mộng của người chuyển giới ở Hong Kong |url=http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006101242/http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=Hot News Vietnam}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 April 2014 |title=Transgender refugee stranded in Hong Kong describes struggle to be recognized as woman |url=http://shanghaiist.com/2014/04/03/transgender-refugee-hong-kong.php |access-date=3 April 2014 |publisher=Shanhaiist}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=La historia de Eliana, la joven transgénero que está atrapada en Hong Kong |url=http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141010092822/http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |archive-date=10 October 2014 |access-date=29 March 2014 |publisher=Diario El País}}</ref> A watan Disamba na shekarar 2013, Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta ba da mafita ta hanyar amincewa Rubashkyn a matsayin mace a ƙarƙashin tsarin 'yan gudun hijira na UNHCR. Ta zama mace ta farko da aka amince da ita a matsayin mace a [[Sin|China]] ko Hong Kong ba tare da an yi mata tiyatar sake aikin jima'i ba ko kuma ta hanyar likita. <ref>{{Cite web |last=caracol.com.co |title=Transexual reconocida como mujer en China |url=http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006102218/http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 January 2014}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=行街紙隱去性別未變性博士准住女病房 |url=http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/news/art/20140315/18657221 |access-date=2 January 2014 |publisher=Apple Daily Hong Kong}}</ref> Wani labari na [[CNN]] game da gwagwarmayar ta da kuma ɗan gajeren fim game da rayuwarta a Hong Kong ta sami lambar yabo ta GLAAD Media Award a watan Mayu 2015. === Maidowa === A cikin watan Mayun 2014, New Zealand ta karɓi Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira kuma ta ba ta mafaka, ta ƙara fahimtar jinsinta a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 July 2014 |title=En libertad la transgénero presa en Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/eliana-rubashkyn-transgenero-colombiana-en-hong-kong-quedo-libre/394176-3 |access-date=5 January 2015 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref> Shari'arta ita ce ta farko a duniya da aka amince da jinsin mutum a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Eliana Rubashkyn. First case of International gender recognition through asylum |url=http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006140105/http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=Fundacion Triangulo}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Transexual colombiana atrapada en Hong Kong recibe refugio en Nueva Zelanda |url=http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006125201/http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=RCN}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2015, auren Rubashkyn ya sami kulawar kafofin watsa labaru mai mahimmanci lokacin da magatakarda na NZ na Aure ya nemi mataccen suna Rubashkyn, tare da sunanta na shari'a, don yin rajistar auren. A cikin shekarar 2019, Rubashkyn ya ba da shaida a matsayin wani ɓangare na binciken kisan Grace Millane, bayan da ta fahimci cewa ta yi wa wanda ake tuhuma hidima a wani kantin magani na Auckland. <ref name="Millane"/> == Sana'a == Tun lokacin da aka sake ta a New Zealand, Rubashkyn ta yi aiki a matsayin mai harhaɗa magunguna kuma tana da hannu cikin ayyukan bayar da shawarwari da yawa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ministry seeks feedback on draft vaping regulations, while pharmacy sales slow |url=https://www.pharmacytoday.co.nz/article/ministry-seeks-feedback-draft-vaping-regulations-while-pharmacy-sales-slow |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Pharmacy Today |language=en}}</ref> === Gwagwarmaya/Fafutuka === Rubashkyn ta ba da shawarar haƙƙoƙin 'yan gudun hijira da jima'i, transgender, da bambancin jinsi a New Zealand da kuma duniya baki ɗaya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rainbow refugees come to NZ to find safety, but say the system is not built for them |url=https://www.renews.co.nz/rainbow-refugees-come-to-nz-to-find-safety-but-say-the-system-is-not-built-for-them/ |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=www.renews.co.nz |language=en-US}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ba da gudummawa ga shirin ci gaban Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya da kuma Hukumar Kula da 'Yan Gudun Hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya a matsayinta na wacce ta kafa Rainbow Path Aotearoa New Zealand, wata kungiyar bayar da shawarwari ta 'yan gudun hijira ta LGBT. Yayin zanga-zangar adawa da Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull a [[Auckland]] a ranar 25 ga watan Maris 2023, Rubashkyn ta jefa ruwan tumatir a kan Keen-Minshull. Daga baya, Rubashkyn ta ba da rahoton samun barazanar kisa. Rubashkyn ta tafi Ostiraliya, sannan Amurka, tana mai cewa tana tsoron a kama ta a New Zealand. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice thrower says arrest warrant imminent |url=https://www.1news.co.nz/2023/03/29/posie-parker-juice-thrower-says-arrest-warrant-imminent/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=1 News |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='I am scared': Posie Parker juice-thrower claims arrest warrant pending |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-tomato-juicer-eli-rubashkyn-says-arrest-warrant-likely-to-be-filed/T7LTM7JSFVHVDKOLE37BTVDVBY/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=reporter |first=Auckland |date=2023-03-30 |title=Police lay assault charge on woman who threw juice over Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/131647981/police-lay-assault-charge-on-woman-who-threw-juice-over-posie-parker |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> Daga baya 'yan sandan New Zealand sun tuhume ta da laifuffuka biyu na hari, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-en-route-for-new-york-after-arrest-claim/OBCY2CCNPJAULNQOHSQVCXX6Y4/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Franks |first=Raphael |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.newstalkzb.co.nz/news/national/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-charged-with-assault/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=ZB |language=en-nz}}</ref> <ref name=":0" /> daya kirga kan lamarin ruwan tumatir da Keen-Minshull da kuma wani harin da aka kai wa wani daban, wanda ba a san ko wanene ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Woman accused of throwing juice over Posie Parker pleads not guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/woman-accused-of-throwing-juice-over-womens-rights-activist-posie-parker-pleads-not-guilty/QI24T5Z5BBCG5GDEDAP6I7KIEI/ |access-date=2023-04-07 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> Magoya bayan Rubashkyn sun tara sama da dala 15,000 a cikin makonni biyu da suka biyo bayan lamarin don biyan kuɗinta na shari'a. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Shibu |date=2023-03-31 |title=Fundraiser For NZ Trans Activist Who Doused Kellie-Jay Keen With Tomato Sauce |url=https://www.starobserver.com.au/news/international-news-news/fundraiser-for-nz-trans-activist-who-doused-kellie-jay-keen-with-tomato-sauce/222889 |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Star Observer |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Afrilun 2023, lauyan Rubashkyn ya shigar da kara a madadinta, tare da komawa kotu a watan Yuli. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=2023-04-05 |title=Protester pleads not guilty to assault after throwing juice on Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/crime/300848339/protester-pleads-not-guilty-to-assault-after-throwing-juice-on-posie-parker |access-date=2023-04-06 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 20 ga watan Satumba, lauyan Rubashkyn James Olsen ya nemi a soke tuhumar da ake yi mata a kotun gundumar Auckland. Keen-Minshull ta kwaɗaitar da magoya bayanta da su taru a kusa da kotun ta kafafen sada zumunta; Bayan ta yi watsi da shirin tafiya na biyu zuwa New Zealand saboda matsalolin tsaro. Magoya bayan Keen-Minshull da suka haɗa da kungiyar "Bari mace ta yi magana" sun haɗu da mambobin kungiyar Trans Liberation Alliance (TLA) da suka taru a kotun St Patrick da ke kusa da kotun gundumar Auckland. Wannan zanga-zangar ta kasance cikin lumana tare da ‘yan sanda sun raba kungiyoyin biyu. Olsen ya bayar da hujjar cewa ya kamata a yi watsi da karar tun da Keen-Minshull ya ki gabatar da kara ko mika shaida ga ‘yan sanda. Dan sanda mai gabatar da kara Sajan Phil Mann ya nemi ya dogara da kalaman da Keen-Minshull ya yi na yin fim ga TVNZ bayan faruwar lamarin. Mai shari’a Claire Ryan ta ajiye hukuncinta har sai an saurari karar a watan Oktoba 2023. <ref name="NZH 21 Sep 2023" /> A ranar 26 ga watan Oktoba, alkalin kotun Ryan ya ki amincewa da yunkurin Rubashkyn na yin watsi da tuhumar da ake mata, ya kuma yanke hukuncin cewa za ta fuskanci shari'a kan laifuka biyu na cin zarafi da ake yi wa Keen-Minshull. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] <references /> db1865fycst5s2vkrgo52kd8md23zde 826557 826556 2026-04-26T07:49:58Z Pharouqenr 25549 826557 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Eliana Rubashkyn''' (an Haife ta a ranar 25 ga watan Yuni 1988) 'yar ƙasar [[New Zealand]] likitar harhaɗa magunguna ce kuma masaniya a fannin ilmin sinadarai,<ref name="Millane">{{Cite web |date=2019-11-14 |title='I'm sorry': Moment murder accused admitted Grace was dead |url=https://www.odt.co.nz/news/national/im-sorry-moment-murder-accused-admitted-grace-was-dead |access-date=2023-04-01 |website=Otago Daily Times Online News |language=en}}</ref> sananniya ce da kasancewa mace ta farko da aka ba wa namiji lokacin haihuwa da aka amince da shi a matsayin [[mace]] mai tsarin [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] a ƙarƙashin dokar 'yan gudun hijira ta duniya. An haife ta a Kolombiya, Rubashkyn ba ta da ƙasa a da.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=McGee |first=Thomas |date=2020 |title=Rainbow statelessness - between sexual citizenship and legal theory: Exploring the statelessness-LGBTIQ+ nexus. |url=https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/agispt.20221018075985 |journal=Statelessness & Citizenship Review |volume=2(1) |issue=2 |pages=64–85 |via=[[Informit (database)|Informit]]}}</ref> a halin yanzu tana aiki a matsayin jami'in shirye-shirye a duniya ta ILGA,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ælien Rubashkyn - ILGA World |url=https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907100944/https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |archive-date=7 September 2021 |access-date=7 September 2021}}</ref> kuma a matsayin masaniya a fannin kimiyyar rage cutar da ke haɓaka yakin neman hakkin ɗan adam na tallafi ga masu neman mafaka na LGBTI, 'yan gudun hijira da masu shiga tsakani a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ITANZ - Intersex Awareness New Zealand 2019 - Board Members |url=http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |access-date=2024-07-05 |archive-date=2019-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190911065353/http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> An amince [[Jinsi|da jinsin]] Rubashkyn a ƙarƙashin Yarjejeniyar [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] ta 1951 dangane da Matsayin 'Yan Gudun Hijira.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Human Rights Campaign 2014 |title=Hong Kong recognized Trans woman without Sex reassignment Surgery |url=http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006154905/http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=3 February 2015}}</ref> Shari'ar Rubashkyn ya ja hankalin kafafen yaɗa labarai na ƙasa da ƙasa da lauyoyi bayan cin zarafin da aka yi mata biyo bayan tsare ta a filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong saboda rashin jituwa tsakanin [[Asalin jinsi|jinsinta]] da hoton fasfo dinta, wanda ya haifar da shekaru da dama na rashin ƙasa a Hong Kong.  da kuma ƙasƙantar da ɗan adam zuwa cibiyoyin mafaka da yawa a cikin Yuen Long.<ref name="Misunderstood and Stateless">{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref><ref name="UNHCR">{{Cite web |title=Transgender Refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong |url=http://www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/refdaily?pass=463ef21123&id=533cf1698 |access-date=20 March 2014 |publisher=UNHCR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 April 2014 |title=Hong Kong is 'hell' Transgender postgrad student-turned-refugee struggles to be recognised as a woman |url=http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006110553/http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=gaystarnews.com}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta koma New Zealand a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira a cikin shekarar 2014, kuma an ba ta shaida ta ƙasar New Zealand a cikin shekarar 2018.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee says NZ paradise |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/transgender-refugee-says-nz-paradise/FOX7DUD3XTF4K6OWN72OH2FWPE/ |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2023, an tuhumi Rubashkyn da laifuffuka biyu na kai hari kan jefa ruwan [[tumatir]] a kan masu fafutuka Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull da Tania Suzanne Sturt a wata zanga-zangar adawa da ziyarar Keen-Minshull.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-14 |title=Posie Parker assault case: Tomato juice protester Eliana Golberstein pleads guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-assault-case-tomato-juice-protester-eli-rubashkyn-pleads-guilty/J4XEWQPOJZF4XP654KYDSJTX2Q/ |access-date=2024-06-14 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Rubashkyn a [[Kolombiya|Colombia]] ga mahaifiyar Bayahudiya 'yar ƙasar Yukren wacce ta koma can a shekarun 1970s. An haife ta tare da yanayin jima'i na rashin jin daɗi na androgen kuma an sanya shi namiji a lokacin haihuwa.<ref name="3news">{{Cite web |date=26 July 2015 |title=Gender refugee hopes for NZ citizenship |url=http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151225151833/http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |archive-date=25 December 2015 |access-date=23 December 2015 |publisher=3 Degrees - TV3 New Zealand}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Vesga |first=Alejandro |date=11 July 2015 |title=El purgatorio de una transgénero víctima de un pasaporte con sexo masculino |url=http://www.kienyke.com/historias/el-purgatorio-de-una-transgenero-victima-de-un-pasaporte-con-sexo-masculino/}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2011, Rubashkyn ta sami digirinta a fannin harhaɗa magunguna da [[Kimiyya|sinadarai]] a Jami'ar ƙasa ta Colombia, kuma tana magana da harsuna biyar sosai.<ref name=":3"/> Bayan ta yi karatun ilmin halitta a Jami'ar Granada, an ba ta guraben karatu don haɓaka karatun digiri na biyu a fannin kiwon lafiyar jama'a a Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta [[Taipei]], kuma a lokaci guda ta fara canjin yanayi da tabbatar da jinsi a [[Taiwan]]. Rubashkyn ta gano cewa caka mata wuka a Colombia ne ya sa ta yanke shawarar neman ilimi a wasu wurare. === Rashin kasa === A cikin shekara guda da fara maganin maye gurbin hormone, yanayin jikin Rubashkyn ya canza sosai saboda yanayin jima'i, kuma hukumomin shige da fice na Taiwan sun buƙaci ta sabunta fasfo ɗinta a ƙaramin ofishin jakadancin Colombia kafin ta fara shekara ta biyu na karatun masters. Ta yi tafiya zuwa [[Hong Kong]] don yin hakan, amma lokacin da ta isa cibiyar shige da fice ta filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong, an tsare ta sama da watanni takwas a tsare da kuma cibiyoyin ‘yan gudun hijira da dama saboda rashin sanin yanayin shari’arta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 March 2014 |title=The Colombian transgender woman stranded in Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/la-transgenero-colombiana-atrapada-en-hong-kong/381292-3 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong to be recognised as woman |url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1457021/transgender-refugee-goes-through-hell-hong-kong-be-recognised-woman |access-date=3 March 2014 |website=South China Morning Post}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=2020-02-28 |title=Making New Zealand Home: Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/national/programmes/afternoons/audio/2018736234/making-new-zealand-home-eliana-rubashkyn |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=RNZ |language=en-nz}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta sha fama da cin zarafi da cin zarafi da musgunawa akai-akai a wurare da dama da take rayuwa a ciki. An tsare ta a wani sashin kula da taɓin hankali na Asibitin Sarauniya Elizabeth da ke Kowloon, sakamakon wani yunkurin kashe kanta, bayan an yi mata wulakanci da lalata da ita.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Live Interview (In Spanish) on CNN after being released from her reclusion in Hong Kong and China |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UkEsMq5xKfA/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> Ta kasa neman mafaka don a ba ta kariya a matsayinta na 'yar gudun hijira a Hong Kong saboda gwamnati ba ta amince da yarjejeniyar 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ba, ta fuskanci kora, kuma ta fuskanci mugun hali a wurin da ake tsare da filin jirgin sama.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ƙi tuntuɓar ofishin jakadancinta na gida don hana fitar da ita saboda rashin taimakon diflomasiyya da suka bayar, kuma ta zama ''marar'' ƙasa a ranar 30 ga watan Oktoba 2012. Matsayin Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ya iyakance hulɗar iya yi da hukumomi daga gwamnatocin Colombia.<ref name=":4"/><ref>{{Cite web |title=Stuck in limbo the tragic story of the transgender refugee Eliana Rubashkyn |url=http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006162731/http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Time Out Hong Kong}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=1 April 2010 |title=UNHCR and De Facto Statelessness |url=http://www.unhcr.org/4bc2ddeb9.pdf |access-date=28 November 2017 |publisher=Hugh Massey, Senior Legal Adviser, UNHCR Geneva}}</ref> Tare da taimakon [[Amnesty International]] da hukumar kula da 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya (UNHCR), an ba ta matsayin [[Ƴan gudun hijira|'yan gudun hijira]];  duk da haka, saboda Hong Kong ba ta sanya hannu kan taron ƴan gudun hijira na 1951 ba, ba ta amince da ita a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ba kuma ta nemi a tura ta zuwa Colombia. Lamarin nata ya ja hankalin duniya, musamman a Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya da Kolombiya, inda ake yawan cin zarafi tsakanin maza da mata da maza da mata. An kuma lura da shari'arta a [[New Zealand]], ƙasar da aka sani da matsayinta game da daidaito ga mutanen LGBTI. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cơn ác mộng của người chuyển giới ở Hong Kong |url=http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006101242/http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=Hot News Vietnam}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 April 2014 |title=Transgender refugee stranded in Hong Kong describes struggle to be recognized as woman |url=http://shanghaiist.com/2014/04/03/transgender-refugee-hong-kong.php |access-date=3 April 2014 |publisher=Shanhaiist}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=La historia de Eliana, la joven transgénero que está atrapada en Hong Kong |url=http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141010092822/http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |archive-date=10 October 2014 |access-date=29 March 2014 |publisher=Diario El País}}</ref> A watan Disamba na shekarar 2013, Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta ba da mafita ta hanyar amincewa Rubashkyn a matsayin mace a ƙarƙashin tsarin 'yan gudun hijira na UNHCR. Ta zama mace ta farko da aka amince da ita a matsayin mace a [[Sin|China]] ko Hong Kong ba tare da an yi mata tiyatar sake aikin jima'i ba ko kuma ta hanyar likita. <ref>{{Cite web |last=caracol.com.co |title=Transexual reconocida como mujer en China |url=http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006102218/http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 January 2014}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=行街紙隱去性別未變性博士准住女病房 |url=http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/news/art/20140315/18657221 |access-date=2 January 2014 |publisher=Apple Daily Hong Kong}}</ref> Wani labari na [[CNN]] game da gwagwarmayar ta da kuma ɗan gajeren fim game da rayuwarta a Hong Kong ta sami lambar yabo ta GLAAD Media Award a watan Mayu 2015. === Maidowa === A cikin watan Mayun 2014, New Zealand ta karɓi Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira kuma ta ba ta mafaka, ta ƙara fahimtar jinsinta a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 July 2014 |title=En libertad la transgénero presa en Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/eliana-rubashkyn-transgenero-colombiana-en-hong-kong-quedo-libre/394176-3 |access-date=5 January 2015 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref> Shari'arta ita ce ta farko a duniya da aka amince da jinsin mutum a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Eliana Rubashkyn. First case of International gender recognition through asylum |url=http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006140105/http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=Fundacion Triangulo}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Transexual colombiana atrapada en Hong Kong recibe refugio en Nueva Zelanda |url=http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006125201/http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=RCN}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2015, auren Rubashkyn ya sami kulawar kafofin watsa labaru mai mahimmanci lokacin da magatakarda na NZ na Aure ya nemi mataccen suna Rubashkyn, tare da sunanta na shari'a, don yin rajistar auren. A cikin shekarar 2019, Rubashkyn ya ba da shaida a matsayin wani ɓangare na binciken kisan Grace Millane, bayan da ta fahimci cewa ta yi wa wanda ake tuhuma hidima a wani kantin magani na Auckland. <ref name="Millane"/> == Sana'a == Tun lokacin da aka sake ta a New Zealand, Rubashkyn ta yi aiki a matsayin mai harhaɗa magunguna kuma tana da hannu cikin ayyukan bayar da shawarwari da yawa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ministry seeks feedback on draft vaping regulations, while pharmacy sales slow |url=https://www.pharmacytoday.co.nz/article/ministry-seeks-feedback-draft-vaping-regulations-while-pharmacy-sales-slow |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Pharmacy Today |language=en}}</ref> === Gwagwarmaya/Fafutuka === Rubashkyn ta ba da shawarar haƙƙoƙin 'yan gudun hijira da jima'i, transgender, da bambancin jinsi a New Zealand da kuma duniya baki ɗaya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rainbow refugees come to NZ to find safety, but say the system is not built for them |url=https://www.renews.co.nz/rainbow-refugees-come-to-nz-to-find-safety-but-say-the-system-is-not-built-for-them/ |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=www.renews.co.nz |language=en-US}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ba da gudummawa ga shirin ci gaban Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya da kuma Hukumar Kula da 'Yan Gudun Hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya a matsayinta na wacce ta kafa Rainbow Path Aotearoa New Zealand, wata kungiyar bayar da shawarwari ta 'yan gudun hijira ta LGBT. Yayin zanga-zangar adawa da Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull a [[Auckland]] a ranar 25 ga watan Maris 2023, Rubashkyn ta jefa ruwan tumatir a kan Keen-Minshull. Daga baya, Rubashkyn ta ba da rahoton samun barazanar kisa. Rubashkyn ta tafi Ostiraliya, sannan Amurka, tana mai cewa tana tsoron a kama ta a New Zealand. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice thrower says arrest warrant imminent |url=https://www.1news.co.nz/2023/03/29/posie-parker-juice-thrower-says-arrest-warrant-imminent/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=1 News |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='I am scared': Posie Parker juice-thrower claims arrest warrant pending |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-tomato-juicer-eli-rubashkyn-says-arrest-warrant-likely-to-be-filed/T7LTM7JSFVHVDKOLE37BTVDVBY/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=reporter |first=Auckland |date=2023-03-30 |title=Police lay assault charge on woman who threw juice over Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/131647981/police-lay-assault-charge-on-woman-who-threw-juice-over-posie-parker |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> Daga baya 'yan sandan New Zealand sun tuhume ta da laifuffuka biyu na hari, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-en-route-for-new-york-after-arrest-claim/OBCY2CCNPJAULNQOHSQVCXX6Y4/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Franks |first=Raphael |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.newstalkzb.co.nz/news/national/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-charged-with-assault/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=ZB |language=en-nz}}</ref> <ref name=":0" /> daya kirga kan lamarin ruwan tumatir da Keen-Minshull da kuma wani harin da aka kai wa wani daban, wanda ba a san ko wanene ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Woman accused of throwing juice over Posie Parker pleads not guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/woman-accused-of-throwing-juice-over-womens-rights-activist-posie-parker-pleads-not-guilty/QI24T5Z5BBCG5GDEDAP6I7KIEI/ |access-date=2023-04-07 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> Magoya bayan Rubashkyn sun tara sama da dala 15,000 a cikin makonni biyu da suka biyo bayan lamarin don biyan kuɗinta na shari'a. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Shibu |date=2023-03-31 |title=Fundraiser For NZ Trans Activist Who Doused Kellie-Jay Keen With Tomato Sauce |url=https://www.starobserver.com.au/news/international-news-news/fundraiser-for-nz-trans-activist-who-doused-kellie-jay-keen-with-tomato-sauce/222889 |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Star Observer |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Afrilun 2023, lauyan Rubashkyn ya shigar da kara a madadinta, tare da komawa kotu a watan Yuli. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=2023-04-05 |title=Protester pleads not guilty to assault after throwing juice on Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/crime/300848339/protester-pleads-not-guilty-to-assault-after-throwing-juice-on-posie-parker |access-date=2023-04-06 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 20 ga watan Satumba, lauyan Rubashkyn James Olsen ya nemi a soke tuhumar da ake yi mata a kotun gundumar Auckland. Keen-Minshull ta kwaɗaitar da magoya bayanta da su taru a kusa da kotun ta kafafen sada zumunta; Bayan ta yi watsi da shirin tafiya na biyu zuwa New Zealand saboda matsalolin tsaro. Magoya bayan Keen-Minshull da suka haɗa da kungiyar "Bari mace ta yi magana" sun haɗu da mambobin kungiyar Trans Liberation Alliance (TLA) da suka taru a kotun St Patrick da ke kusa da kotun gundumar Auckland. Wannan zanga-zangar ta kasance cikin lumana tare da ‘yan sanda sun raba kungiyoyin biyu. Olsen ya bayar da hujjar cewa ya kamata a yi watsi da karar tun da Keen-Minshull ya ki gabatar da kara ko mika shaida ga ‘yan sanda. Dan sanda mai gabatar da kara Sajan Phil Mann ya nemi ya dogara da kalaman da Keen-Minshull ya yi na yin fim ga TVNZ bayan faruwar lamarin. Mai shari’a Claire Ryan ta ajiye hukuncinta har sai an saurari karar a watan Oktoba 2023. <ref name="NZH 21 Sep 2023" /> A ranar 26 ga watan Oktoba, alkalin kotun Ryan ya ki amincewa da yunkurin Rubashkyn na yin watsi da tuhumar da ake mata, ya kuma yanke hukuncin cewa za ta fuskanci shari'a kan laifuka biyu na cin zarafi da ake yi wa Keen-Minshull. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] <references /> gg2ij36mq1ikuj4ahqvvvpgddofd56c 826558 826557 2026-04-26T07:50:21Z Pharouqenr 25549 826558 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Eliana Rubashkyn''' (an Haife ta a ranar 25 ga watan Yuni 1988) 'yar ƙasar [[New Zealand]] likitar harhaɗa magunguna ce kuma masaniya a fannin ilmin sinadarai,<ref name="Millane">{{Cite web |date=2019-11-14 |title='I'm sorry': Moment murder accused admitted Grace was dead |url=https://www.odt.co.nz/news/national/im-sorry-moment-murder-accused-admitted-grace-was-dead |access-date=2023-04-01 |website=Otago Daily Times Online News |language=en}}</ref> sananniya ce da kasancewa mace ta farko da aka ba wa namiji lokacin haihuwa da aka amince da shi a matsayin [[mace]] mai tsarin [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] a ƙarƙashin dokar 'yan gudun hijira ta duniya. An haife ta a Kolombiya, Rubashkyn ba ta da ƙasa a da.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=McGee |first=Thomas |date=2020 |title=Rainbow statelessness - between sexual citizenship and legal theory: Exploring the statelessness-LGBTIQ+ nexus. |url=https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/agispt.20221018075985 |journal=Statelessness & Citizenship Review |volume=2(1) |issue=2 |pages=64–85 |via=[[Informit (database)|Informit]]}}</ref> a halin yanzu tana aiki a matsayin jami'in shirye-shirye a duniya ta ILGA,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ælien Rubashkyn - ILGA World |url=https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907100944/https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |archive-date=7 September 2021 |access-date=7 September 2021}}</ref> kuma a matsayin masaniya a fannin kimiyyar rage cutar da ke haɓaka yakin neman hakkin ɗan adam na tallafi ga masu neman mafaka na LGBTI, 'yan gudun hijira da masu shiga tsakani a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ITANZ - Intersex Awareness New Zealand 2019 - Board Members |url=http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |access-date=2024-07-05 |archive-date=2019-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190911065353/http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> An amince [[Jinsi|da jinsin]] Rubashkyn a ƙarƙashin Yarjejeniyar [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] ta 1951 dangane da Matsayin 'Yan Gudun Hijira.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Human Rights Campaign 2014 |title=Hong Kong recognized Trans woman without Sex reassignment Surgery |url=http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006154905/http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=3 February 2015}}</ref> Shari'ar Rubashkyn ya ja hankalin kafafen yaɗa labarai na ƙasa da ƙasa da lauyoyi bayan cin zarafin da aka yi mata biyo bayan tsare ta a filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong saboda rashin jituwa tsakanin [[Asalin jinsi|jinsinta]] da hoton fasfo dinta, wanda ya haifar da shekaru da dama na rashin ƙasa a Hong Kong.  da kuma ƙasƙantar da ɗan adam zuwa cibiyoyin mafaka da yawa a cikin Yuen Long.<ref name="Misunderstood and Stateless">{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref><ref name="UNHCR">{{Cite web |title=Transgender Refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong |url=http://www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/refdaily?pass=463ef21123&id=533cf1698 |access-date=20 March 2014 |publisher=UNHCR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 April 2014 |title=Hong Kong is 'hell' Transgender postgrad student-turned-refugee struggles to be recognised as a woman |url=http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006110553/http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=gaystarnews.com}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta koma New Zealand a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira a cikin shekarar 2014, kuma an ba ta shaida ta ƙasar New Zealand a cikin shekarar 2018.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee says NZ paradise |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/transgender-refugee-says-nz-paradise/FOX7DUD3XTF4K6OWN72OH2FWPE/ |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2023, an tuhumi Rubashkyn da laifuffuka biyu na kai hari kan jefa ruwan [[tumatir]] a kan masu fafutuka Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull da Tania Suzanne Sturt a wata zanga-zangar adawa da ziyarar Keen-Minshull.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-14 |title=Posie Parker assault case: Tomato juice protester Eliana Golberstein pleads guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-assault-case-tomato-juice-protester-eli-rubashkyn-pleads-guilty/J4XEWQPOJZF4XP654KYDSJTX2Q/ |access-date=2024-06-14 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Rubashkyn a [[Kolombiya|Colombia]] ga mahaifiyar Bayahudiya 'yar ƙasar Yukren wacce ta koma can a shekarun 1970s. An haife ta tare da yanayin jima'i na rashin jin daɗi na androgen kuma an sanya shi namiji a lokacin haihuwa.<ref name="3news">{{Cite web |date=26 July 2015 |title=Gender refugee hopes for NZ citizenship |url=http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151225151833/http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |archive-date=25 December 2015 |access-date=23 December 2015 |publisher=3 Degrees - TV3 New Zealand}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Vesga |first=Alejandro |date=11 July 2015 |title=El purgatorio de una transgénero víctima de un pasaporte con sexo masculino |url=http://www.kienyke.com/historias/el-purgatorio-de-una-transgenero-victima-de-un-pasaporte-con-sexo-masculino/}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2011, Rubashkyn ta sami digirinta a fannin harhaɗa magunguna da [[Kimiyya|sinadarai]] a Jami'ar ƙasa ta Colombia, kuma tana magana da harsuna biyar sosai.<ref name=":3"/> Bayan ta yi karatun ilmin halitta a Jami'ar Granada, an ba ta guraben karatu don haɓaka karatun digiri na biyu a fannin kiwon lafiyar jama'a a Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta [[Taipei]], kuma a lokaci guda ta fara canjin yanayi da tabbatar da jinsi a [[Taiwan]]. Rubashkyn ta gano cewa caka mata wuka a Colombia ne ya sa ta yanke shawarar neman ilimi a wasu wurare. === Rashin kasa === A cikin shekara guda da fara maganin maye gurbin hormone, yanayin jikin Rubashkyn ya canza sosai saboda yanayin jima'i, kuma hukumomin shige da fice na Taiwan sun buƙaci ta sabunta fasfo ɗinta a ƙaramin ofishin jakadancin Colombia kafin ta fara shekara ta biyu na karatun masters. Ta yi tafiya zuwa [[Hong Kong]] don yin hakan, amma lokacin da ta isa cibiyar shige da fice ta filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong, an tsare ta sama da watanni takwas a tsare da kuma cibiyoyin ‘yan gudun hijira da dama saboda rashin sanin yanayin shari’arta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 March 2014 |title=The Colombian transgender woman stranded in Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/la-transgenero-colombiana-atrapada-en-hong-kong/381292-3 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong to be recognised as woman |url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1457021/transgender-refugee-goes-through-hell-hong-kong-be-recognised-woman |access-date=3 March 2014 |website=South China Morning Post}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=2020-02-28 |title=Making New Zealand Home: Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/national/programmes/afternoons/audio/2018736234/making-new-zealand-home-eliana-rubashkyn |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=RNZ |language=en-nz}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta sha fama da cin zarafi da cin zarafi da musgunawa akai-akai a wurare da dama da take rayuwa a ciki. An tsare ta a wani sashin kula da taɓin hankali na Asibitin Sarauniya Elizabeth da ke Kowloon, sakamakon wani yunkurin kashe kanta, bayan an yi mata wulakanci da lalata da ita.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Live Interview (In Spanish) on CNN after being released from her reclusion in Hong Kong and China |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UkEsMq5xKfA/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> Ta kasa neman mafaka don a ba ta kariya a matsayinta na 'yar gudun hijira a Hong Kong saboda gwamnati ba ta amince da yarjejeniyar 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ba, ta fuskanci kora, kuma ta fuskanci mugun hali a wurin da ake tsare da filin jirgin sama.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ƙi tuntuɓar ofishin jakadancinta na gida don hana fitar da ita saboda rashin taimakon diflomasiyya da suka bayar, kuma ta zama ''marar'' ƙasa a ranar 30 ga watan Oktoba 2012. Matsayin Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ya iyakance hulɗar iya yi da hukumomi daga gwamnatocin Colombia.<ref name=":4"/><ref>{{Cite web |title=Stuck in limbo the tragic story of the transgender refugee Eliana Rubashkyn |url=http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006162731/http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Time Out Hong Kong}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=1 April 2010 |title=UNHCR and De Facto Statelessness |url=http://www.unhcr.org/4bc2ddeb9.pdf |access-date=28 November 2017 |publisher=Hugh Massey, Senior Legal Adviser, UNHCR Geneva}}</ref> Tare da taimakon [[Amnesty International]] da hukumar kula da 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya (UNHCR), an ba ta matsayin [[Ƴan gudun hijira|'yan gudun hijira]];  duk da haka, saboda Hong Kong ba ta sanya hannu kan taron ƴan gudun hijira na 1951 ba, ba ta amince da ita a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ba kuma ta nemi a tura ta zuwa Colombia. Lamarin nata ya ja hankalin duniya, musamman a Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya da Kolombiya, inda ake yawan cin zarafi tsakanin maza da mata da maza da mata. An kuma lura da shari'arta a [[New Zealand]], ƙasar da aka sani da matsayinta game da daidaito ga mutanen LGBTI. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cơn ác mộng của người chuyển giới ở Hong Kong |url=http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006101242/http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=Hot News Vietnam}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 April 2014 |title=Transgender refugee stranded in Hong Kong describes struggle to be recognized as woman |url=http://shanghaiist.com/2014/04/03/transgender-refugee-hong-kong.php |access-date=3 April 2014 |publisher=Shanhaiist}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=La historia de Eliana, la joven transgénero que está atrapada en Hong Kong |url=http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141010092822/http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |archive-date=10 October 2014 |access-date=29 March 2014 |publisher=Diario El País}}</ref> A watan Disamba na shekarar 2013, Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta ba da mafita ta hanyar amincewa Rubashkyn a matsayin mace a ƙarƙashin tsarin 'yan gudun hijira na UNHCR. Ta zama mace ta farko da aka amince da ita a matsayin mace a [[Sin|China]] ko Hong Kong ba tare da an yi mata tiyatar sake aikin jima'i ba ko kuma ta hanyar likita.<ref>{{Cite web |last=caracol.com.co |title=Transexual reconocida como mujer en China |url=http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006102218/http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 January 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=行街紙隱去性別未變性博士准住女病房 |url=http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/news/art/20140315/18657221 |access-date=2 January 2014 |publisher=Apple Daily Hong Kong}}</ref> Wani labari na [[CNN]] game da gwagwarmayar ta da kuma ɗan gajeren fim game da rayuwarta a Hong Kong ta sami lambar yabo ta GLAAD Media Award a watan Mayu 2015. === Maidowa === A cikin watan Mayun 2014, New Zealand ta karɓi Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira kuma ta ba ta mafaka, ta ƙara fahimtar jinsinta a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 July 2014 |title=En libertad la transgénero presa en Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/eliana-rubashkyn-transgenero-colombiana-en-hong-kong-quedo-libre/394176-3 |access-date=5 January 2015 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref> Shari'arta ita ce ta farko a duniya da aka amince da jinsin mutum a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Eliana Rubashkyn. First case of International gender recognition through asylum |url=http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006140105/http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=Fundacion Triangulo}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Transexual colombiana atrapada en Hong Kong recibe refugio en Nueva Zelanda |url=http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006125201/http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=RCN}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2015, auren Rubashkyn ya sami kulawar kafofin watsa labaru mai mahimmanci lokacin da magatakarda na NZ na Aure ya nemi mataccen suna Rubashkyn, tare da sunanta na shari'a, don yin rajistar auren. A cikin shekarar 2019, Rubashkyn ya ba da shaida a matsayin wani ɓangare na binciken kisan Grace Millane, bayan da ta fahimci cewa ta yi wa wanda ake tuhuma hidima a wani kantin magani na Auckland. <ref name="Millane"/> == Sana'a == Tun lokacin da aka sake ta a New Zealand, Rubashkyn ta yi aiki a matsayin mai harhaɗa magunguna kuma tana da hannu cikin ayyukan bayar da shawarwari da yawa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ministry seeks feedback on draft vaping regulations, while pharmacy sales slow |url=https://www.pharmacytoday.co.nz/article/ministry-seeks-feedback-draft-vaping-regulations-while-pharmacy-sales-slow |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Pharmacy Today |language=en}}</ref> === Gwagwarmaya/Fafutuka === Rubashkyn ta ba da shawarar haƙƙoƙin 'yan gudun hijira da jima'i, transgender, da bambancin jinsi a New Zealand da kuma duniya baki ɗaya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rainbow refugees come to NZ to find safety, but say the system is not built for them |url=https://www.renews.co.nz/rainbow-refugees-come-to-nz-to-find-safety-but-say-the-system-is-not-built-for-them/ |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=www.renews.co.nz |language=en-US}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ba da gudummawa ga shirin ci gaban Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya da kuma Hukumar Kula da 'Yan Gudun Hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya a matsayinta na wacce ta kafa Rainbow Path Aotearoa New Zealand, wata kungiyar bayar da shawarwari ta 'yan gudun hijira ta LGBT. Yayin zanga-zangar adawa da Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull a [[Auckland]] a ranar 25 ga watan Maris 2023, Rubashkyn ta jefa ruwan tumatir a kan Keen-Minshull. Daga baya, Rubashkyn ta ba da rahoton samun barazanar kisa. Rubashkyn ta tafi Ostiraliya, sannan Amurka, tana mai cewa tana tsoron a kama ta a New Zealand. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice thrower says arrest warrant imminent |url=https://www.1news.co.nz/2023/03/29/posie-parker-juice-thrower-says-arrest-warrant-imminent/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=1 News |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='I am scared': Posie Parker juice-thrower claims arrest warrant pending |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-tomato-juicer-eli-rubashkyn-says-arrest-warrant-likely-to-be-filed/T7LTM7JSFVHVDKOLE37BTVDVBY/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=reporter |first=Auckland |date=2023-03-30 |title=Police lay assault charge on woman who threw juice over Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/131647981/police-lay-assault-charge-on-woman-who-threw-juice-over-posie-parker |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> Daga baya 'yan sandan New Zealand sun tuhume ta da laifuffuka biyu na hari, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-en-route-for-new-york-after-arrest-claim/OBCY2CCNPJAULNQOHSQVCXX6Y4/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Franks |first=Raphael |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.newstalkzb.co.nz/news/national/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-charged-with-assault/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=ZB |language=en-nz}}</ref> <ref name=":0" /> daya kirga kan lamarin ruwan tumatir da Keen-Minshull da kuma wani harin da aka kai wa wani daban, wanda ba a san ko wanene ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Woman accused of throwing juice over Posie Parker pleads not guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/woman-accused-of-throwing-juice-over-womens-rights-activist-posie-parker-pleads-not-guilty/QI24T5Z5BBCG5GDEDAP6I7KIEI/ |access-date=2023-04-07 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> Magoya bayan Rubashkyn sun tara sama da dala 15,000 a cikin makonni biyu da suka biyo bayan lamarin don biyan kuɗinta na shari'a. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Shibu |date=2023-03-31 |title=Fundraiser For NZ Trans Activist Who Doused Kellie-Jay Keen With Tomato Sauce |url=https://www.starobserver.com.au/news/international-news-news/fundraiser-for-nz-trans-activist-who-doused-kellie-jay-keen-with-tomato-sauce/222889 |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Star Observer |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Afrilun 2023, lauyan Rubashkyn ya shigar da kara a madadinta, tare da komawa kotu a watan Yuli. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=2023-04-05 |title=Protester pleads not guilty to assault after throwing juice on Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/crime/300848339/protester-pleads-not-guilty-to-assault-after-throwing-juice-on-posie-parker |access-date=2023-04-06 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 20 ga watan Satumba, lauyan Rubashkyn James Olsen ya nemi a soke tuhumar da ake yi mata a kotun gundumar Auckland. Keen-Minshull ta kwaɗaitar da magoya bayanta da su taru a kusa da kotun ta kafafen sada zumunta; Bayan ta yi watsi da shirin tafiya na biyu zuwa New Zealand saboda matsalolin tsaro. Magoya bayan Keen-Minshull da suka haɗa da kungiyar "Bari mace ta yi magana" sun haɗu da mambobin kungiyar Trans Liberation Alliance (TLA) da suka taru a kotun St Patrick da ke kusa da kotun gundumar Auckland. Wannan zanga-zangar ta kasance cikin lumana tare da ‘yan sanda sun raba kungiyoyin biyu. Olsen ya bayar da hujjar cewa ya kamata a yi watsi da karar tun da Keen-Minshull ya ki gabatar da kara ko mika shaida ga ‘yan sanda. Dan sanda mai gabatar da kara Sajan Phil Mann ya nemi ya dogara da kalaman da Keen-Minshull ya yi na yin fim ga TVNZ bayan faruwar lamarin. Mai shari’a Claire Ryan ta ajiye hukuncinta har sai an saurari karar a watan Oktoba 2023. <ref name="NZH 21 Sep 2023" /> A ranar 26 ga watan Oktoba, alkalin kotun Ryan ya ki amincewa da yunkurin Rubashkyn na yin watsi da tuhumar da ake mata, ya kuma yanke hukuncin cewa za ta fuskanci shari'a kan laifuka biyu na cin zarafi da ake yi wa Keen-Minshull. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] <references /> 89mlgq18h7n3pzg72mdz9ie5v494b31 826559 826558 2026-04-26T07:50:53Z Pharouqenr 25549 826559 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Eliana Rubashkyn''' (an Haife ta a ranar 25 ga watan Yuni 1988) 'yar ƙasar [[New Zealand]] likitar harhaɗa magunguna ce kuma masaniya a fannin ilmin sinadarai,<ref name="Millane">{{Cite web |date=2019-11-14 |title='I'm sorry': Moment murder accused admitted Grace was dead |url=https://www.odt.co.nz/news/national/im-sorry-moment-murder-accused-admitted-grace-was-dead |access-date=2023-04-01 |website=Otago Daily Times Online News |language=en}}</ref> sananniya ce da kasancewa mace ta farko da aka ba wa namiji lokacin haihuwa da aka amince da shi a matsayin [[mace]] mai tsarin [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] a ƙarƙashin dokar 'yan gudun hijira ta duniya. An haife ta a Kolombiya, Rubashkyn ba ta da ƙasa a da.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=McGee |first=Thomas |date=2020 |title=Rainbow statelessness - between sexual citizenship and legal theory: Exploring the statelessness-LGBTIQ+ nexus. |url=https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/agispt.20221018075985 |journal=Statelessness & Citizenship Review |volume=2(1) |issue=2 |pages=64–85 |via=[[Informit (database)|Informit]]}}</ref> a halin yanzu tana aiki a matsayin jami'in shirye-shirye a duniya ta ILGA,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ælien Rubashkyn - ILGA World |url=https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907100944/https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |archive-date=7 September 2021 |access-date=7 September 2021}}</ref> kuma a matsayin masaniya a fannin kimiyyar rage cutar da ke haɓaka yakin neman hakkin ɗan adam na tallafi ga masu neman mafaka na LGBTI, 'yan gudun hijira da masu shiga tsakani a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ITANZ - Intersex Awareness New Zealand 2019 - Board Members |url=http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |access-date=2024-07-05 |archive-date=2019-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190911065353/http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> An amince [[Jinsi|da jinsin]] Rubashkyn a ƙarƙashin Yarjejeniyar [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] ta 1951 dangane da Matsayin 'Yan Gudun Hijira.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Human Rights Campaign 2014 |title=Hong Kong recognized Trans woman without Sex reassignment Surgery |url=http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006154905/http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=3 February 2015}}</ref> Shari'ar Rubashkyn ya ja hankalin kafafen yaɗa labarai na ƙasa da ƙasa da lauyoyi bayan cin zarafin da aka yi mata biyo bayan tsare ta a filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong saboda rashin jituwa tsakanin [[Asalin jinsi|jinsinta]] da hoton fasfo dinta, wanda ya haifar da shekaru da dama na rashin ƙasa a Hong Kong.  da kuma ƙasƙantar da ɗan adam zuwa cibiyoyin mafaka da yawa a cikin Yuen Long.<ref name="Misunderstood and Stateless">{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref><ref name="UNHCR">{{Cite web |title=Transgender Refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong |url=http://www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/refdaily?pass=463ef21123&id=533cf1698 |access-date=20 March 2014 |publisher=UNHCR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 April 2014 |title=Hong Kong is 'hell' Transgender postgrad student-turned-refugee struggles to be recognised as a woman |url=http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006110553/http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=gaystarnews.com}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta koma New Zealand a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira a cikin shekarar 2014, kuma an ba ta shaida ta ƙasar New Zealand a cikin shekarar 2018.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee says NZ paradise |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/transgender-refugee-says-nz-paradise/FOX7DUD3XTF4K6OWN72OH2FWPE/ |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2023, an tuhumi Rubashkyn da laifuffuka biyu na kai hari kan jefa ruwan [[tumatir]] a kan masu fafutuka Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull da Tania Suzanne Sturt a wata zanga-zangar adawa da ziyarar Keen-Minshull.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-14 |title=Posie Parker assault case: Tomato juice protester Eliana Golberstein pleads guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-assault-case-tomato-juice-protester-eli-rubashkyn-pleads-guilty/J4XEWQPOJZF4XP654KYDSJTX2Q/ |access-date=2024-06-14 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Rubashkyn a [[Kolombiya|Colombia]] ga mahaifiyar Bayahudiya 'yar ƙasar Yukren wacce ta koma can a shekarun 1970s. An haife ta tare da yanayin jima'i na rashin jin daɗi na androgen kuma an sanya shi namiji a lokacin haihuwa.<ref name="3news">{{Cite web |date=26 July 2015 |title=Gender refugee hopes for NZ citizenship |url=http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151225151833/http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |archive-date=25 December 2015 |access-date=23 December 2015 |publisher=3 Degrees - TV3 New Zealand}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Vesga |first=Alejandro |date=11 July 2015 |title=El purgatorio de una transgénero víctima de un pasaporte con sexo masculino |url=http://www.kienyke.com/historias/el-purgatorio-de-una-transgenero-victima-de-un-pasaporte-con-sexo-masculino/}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2011, Rubashkyn ta sami digirinta a fannin harhaɗa magunguna da [[Kimiyya|sinadarai]] a Jami'ar ƙasa ta Colombia, kuma tana magana da harsuna biyar sosai.<ref name=":3"/> Bayan ta yi karatun ilmin halitta a Jami'ar Granada, an ba ta guraben karatu don haɓaka karatun digiri na biyu a fannin kiwon lafiyar jama'a a Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta [[Taipei]], kuma a lokaci guda ta fara canjin yanayi da tabbatar da jinsi a [[Taiwan]]. Rubashkyn ta gano cewa caka mata wuka a Colombia ne ya sa ta yanke shawarar neman ilimi a wasu wurare. === Rashin kasa === A cikin shekara guda da fara maganin maye gurbin hormone, yanayin jikin Rubashkyn ya canza sosai saboda yanayin jima'i, kuma hukumomin shige da fice na Taiwan sun buƙaci ta sabunta fasfo ɗinta a ƙaramin ofishin jakadancin Colombia kafin ta fara shekara ta biyu na karatun masters. Ta yi tafiya zuwa [[Hong Kong]] don yin hakan, amma lokacin da ta isa cibiyar shige da fice ta filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong, an tsare ta sama da watanni takwas a tsare da kuma cibiyoyin ‘yan gudun hijira da dama saboda rashin sanin yanayin shari’arta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 March 2014 |title=The Colombian transgender woman stranded in Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/la-transgenero-colombiana-atrapada-en-hong-kong/381292-3 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong to be recognised as woman |url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1457021/transgender-refugee-goes-through-hell-hong-kong-be-recognised-woman |access-date=3 March 2014 |website=South China Morning Post}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=2020-02-28 |title=Making New Zealand Home: Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/national/programmes/afternoons/audio/2018736234/making-new-zealand-home-eliana-rubashkyn |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=RNZ |language=en-nz}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta sha fama da cin zarafi da cin zarafi da musgunawa akai-akai a wurare da dama da take rayuwa a ciki. An tsare ta a wani sashin kula da taɓin hankali na Asibitin Sarauniya Elizabeth da ke Kowloon, sakamakon wani yunkurin kashe kanta, bayan an yi mata wulakanci da lalata da ita.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Live Interview (In Spanish) on CNN after being released from her reclusion in Hong Kong and China |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UkEsMq5xKfA/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> Ta kasa neman mafaka don a ba ta kariya a matsayinta na 'yar gudun hijira a Hong Kong saboda gwamnati ba ta amince da yarjejeniyar 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ba, ta fuskanci kora, kuma ta fuskanci mugun hali a wurin da ake tsare da filin jirgin sama.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ƙi tuntuɓar ofishin jakadancinta na gida don hana fitar da ita saboda rashin taimakon diflomasiyya da suka bayar, kuma ta zama ''marar'' ƙasa a ranar 30 ga watan Oktoba 2012. Matsayin Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ya iyakance hulɗar iya yi da hukumomi daga gwamnatocin Colombia.<ref name=":4"/><ref>{{Cite web |title=Stuck in limbo the tragic story of the transgender refugee Eliana Rubashkyn |url=http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006162731/http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Time Out Hong Kong}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=1 April 2010 |title=UNHCR and De Facto Statelessness |url=http://www.unhcr.org/4bc2ddeb9.pdf |access-date=28 November 2017 |publisher=Hugh Massey, Senior Legal Adviser, UNHCR Geneva}}</ref> Tare da taimakon [[Amnesty International]] da hukumar kula da 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya (UNHCR), an ba ta matsayin [[Ƴan gudun hijira|'yan gudun hijira]];  duk da haka, saboda Hong Kong ba ta sanya hannu kan taron ƴan gudun hijira na 1951 ba, ba ta amince da ita a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ba kuma ta nemi a tura ta zuwa Colombia. Lamarin nata ya ja hankalin duniya, musamman a Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya da Kolombiya, inda ake yawan cin zarafi tsakanin maza da mata da maza da mata. An kuma lura da shari'arta a [[New Zealand]], ƙasar da aka sani da matsayinta game da daidaito ga mutanen LGBTI.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cơn ác mộng của người chuyển giới ở Hong Kong |url=http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006101242/http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=Hot News Vietnam}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=3 April 2014 |title=Transgender refugee stranded in Hong Kong describes struggle to be recognized as woman |url=http://shanghaiist.com/2014/04/03/transgender-refugee-hong-kong.php |access-date=3 April 2014 |publisher=Shanhaiist}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=La historia de Eliana, la joven transgénero que está atrapada en Hong Kong |url=http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141010092822/http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |archive-date=10 October 2014 |access-date=29 March 2014 |publisher=Diario El País}}</ref> A watan Disamba na shekarar 2013, Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta ba da mafita ta hanyar amincewa Rubashkyn a matsayin mace a ƙarƙashin tsarin 'yan gudun hijira na UNHCR. Ta zama mace ta farko da aka amince da ita a matsayin mace a [[Sin|China]] ko Hong Kong ba tare da an yi mata tiyatar sake aikin jima'i ba ko kuma ta hanyar likita.<ref>{{Cite web |last=caracol.com.co |title=Transexual reconocida como mujer en China |url=http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006102218/http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 January 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=行街紙隱去性別未變性博士准住女病房 |url=http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/news/art/20140315/18657221 |access-date=2 January 2014 |publisher=Apple Daily Hong Kong}}</ref> Wani labari na [[CNN]] game da gwagwarmayar ta da kuma ɗan gajeren fim game da rayuwarta a Hong Kong ta sami lambar yabo ta GLAAD Media Award a watan Mayu 2015. === Maidowa === A cikin watan Mayun 2014, New Zealand ta karɓi Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira kuma ta ba ta mafaka, ta ƙara fahimtar jinsinta a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 July 2014 |title=En libertad la transgénero presa en Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/eliana-rubashkyn-transgenero-colombiana-en-hong-kong-quedo-libre/394176-3 |access-date=5 January 2015 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref> Shari'arta ita ce ta farko a duniya da aka amince da jinsin mutum a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Eliana Rubashkyn. First case of International gender recognition through asylum |url=http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006140105/http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=Fundacion Triangulo}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Transexual colombiana atrapada en Hong Kong recibe refugio en Nueva Zelanda |url=http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006125201/http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=RCN}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2015, auren Rubashkyn ya sami kulawar kafofin watsa labaru mai mahimmanci lokacin da magatakarda na NZ na Aure ya nemi mataccen suna Rubashkyn, tare da sunanta na shari'a, don yin rajistar auren. A cikin shekarar 2019, Rubashkyn ya ba da shaida a matsayin wani ɓangare na binciken kisan Grace Millane, bayan da ta fahimci cewa ta yi wa wanda ake tuhuma hidima a wani kantin magani na Auckland. <ref name="Millane"/> == Sana'a == Tun lokacin da aka sake ta a New Zealand, Rubashkyn ta yi aiki a matsayin mai harhaɗa magunguna kuma tana da hannu cikin ayyukan bayar da shawarwari da yawa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ministry seeks feedback on draft vaping regulations, while pharmacy sales slow |url=https://www.pharmacytoday.co.nz/article/ministry-seeks-feedback-draft-vaping-regulations-while-pharmacy-sales-slow |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Pharmacy Today |language=en}}</ref> === Gwagwarmaya/Fafutuka === Rubashkyn ta ba da shawarar haƙƙoƙin 'yan gudun hijira da jima'i, transgender, da bambancin jinsi a New Zealand da kuma duniya baki ɗaya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rainbow refugees come to NZ to find safety, but say the system is not built for them |url=https://www.renews.co.nz/rainbow-refugees-come-to-nz-to-find-safety-but-say-the-system-is-not-built-for-them/ |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=www.renews.co.nz |language=en-US}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ba da gudummawa ga shirin ci gaban Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya da kuma Hukumar Kula da 'Yan Gudun Hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya a matsayinta na wacce ta kafa Rainbow Path Aotearoa New Zealand, wata kungiyar bayar da shawarwari ta 'yan gudun hijira ta LGBT. Yayin zanga-zangar adawa da Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull a [[Auckland]] a ranar 25 ga watan Maris 2023, Rubashkyn ta jefa ruwan tumatir a kan Keen-Minshull. Daga baya, Rubashkyn ta ba da rahoton samun barazanar kisa. Rubashkyn ta tafi Ostiraliya, sannan Amurka, tana mai cewa tana tsoron a kama ta a New Zealand. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice thrower says arrest warrant imminent |url=https://www.1news.co.nz/2023/03/29/posie-parker-juice-thrower-says-arrest-warrant-imminent/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=1 News |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='I am scared': Posie Parker juice-thrower claims arrest warrant pending |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-tomato-juicer-eli-rubashkyn-says-arrest-warrant-likely-to-be-filed/T7LTM7JSFVHVDKOLE37BTVDVBY/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=reporter |first=Auckland |date=2023-03-30 |title=Police lay assault charge on woman who threw juice over Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/131647981/police-lay-assault-charge-on-woman-who-threw-juice-over-posie-parker |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> Daga baya 'yan sandan New Zealand sun tuhume ta da laifuffuka biyu na hari, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-en-route-for-new-york-after-arrest-claim/OBCY2CCNPJAULNQOHSQVCXX6Y4/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Franks |first=Raphael |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.newstalkzb.co.nz/news/national/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-charged-with-assault/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=ZB |language=en-nz}}</ref> <ref name=":0" /> daya kirga kan lamarin ruwan tumatir da Keen-Minshull da kuma wani harin da aka kai wa wani daban, wanda ba a san ko wanene ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Woman accused of throwing juice over Posie Parker pleads not guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/woman-accused-of-throwing-juice-over-womens-rights-activist-posie-parker-pleads-not-guilty/QI24T5Z5BBCG5GDEDAP6I7KIEI/ |access-date=2023-04-07 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> Magoya bayan Rubashkyn sun tara sama da dala 15,000 a cikin makonni biyu da suka biyo bayan lamarin don biyan kuɗinta na shari'a. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Shibu |date=2023-03-31 |title=Fundraiser For NZ Trans Activist Who Doused Kellie-Jay Keen With Tomato Sauce |url=https://www.starobserver.com.au/news/international-news-news/fundraiser-for-nz-trans-activist-who-doused-kellie-jay-keen-with-tomato-sauce/222889 |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Star Observer |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Afrilun 2023, lauyan Rubashkyn ya shigar da kara a madadinta, tare da komawa kotu a watan Yuli. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=2023-04-05 |title=Protester pleads not guilty to assault after throwing juice on Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/crime/300848339/protester-pleads-not-guilty-to-assault-after-throwing-juice-on-posie-parker |access-date=2023-04-06 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 20 ga watan Satumba, lauyan Rubashkyn James Olsen ya nemi a soke tuhumar da ake yi mata a kotun gundumar Auckland. Keen-Minshull ta kwaɗaitar da magoya bayanta da su taru a kusa da kotun ta kafafen sada zumunta; Bayan ta yi watsi da shirin tafiya na biyu zuwa New Zealand saboda matsalolin tsaro. Magoya bayan Keen-Minshull da suka haɗa da kungiyar "Bari mace ta yi magana" sun haɗu da mambobin kungiyar Trans Liberation Alliance (TLA) da suka taru a kotun St Patrick da ke kusa da kotun gundumar Auckland. Wannan zanga-zangar ta kasance cikin lumana tare da ‘yan sanda sun raba kungiyoyin biyu. Olsen ya bayar da hujjar cewa ya kamata a yi watsi da karar tun da Keen-Minshull ya ki gabatar da kara ko mika shaida ga ‘yan sanda. Dan sanda mai gabatar da kara Sajan Phil Mann ya nemi ya dogara da kalaman da Keen-Minshull ya yi na yin fim ga TVNZ bayan faruwar lamarin. Mai shari’a Claire Ryan ta ajiye hukuncinta har sai an saurari karar a watan Oktoba 2023. <ref name="NZH 21 Sep 2023" /> A ranar 26 ga watan Oktoba, alkalin kotun Ryan ya ki amincewa da yunkurin Rubashkyn na yin watsi da tuhumar da ake mata, ya kuma yanke hukuncin cewa za ta fuskanci shari'a kan laifuka biyu na cin zarafi da ake yi wa Keen-Minshull. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] <references /> tvquu0sj52ol09fy1wy3brqopxtsnnp 826561 826559 2026-04-26T07:51:11Z Pharouqenr 25549 826561 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Eliana Rubashkyn''' (an Haife ta a ranar 25 ga watan Yuni 1988) 'yar ƙasar [[New Zealand]] likitar harhaɗa magunguna ce kuma masaniya a fannin ilmin sinadarai,<ref name="Millane">{{Cite web |date=2019-11-14 |title='I'm sorry': Moment murder accused admitted Grace was dead |url=https://www.odt.co.nz/news/national/im-sorry-moment-murder-accused-admitted-grace-was-dead |access-date=2023-04-01 |website=Otago Daily Times Online News |language=en}}</ref> sananniya ce da kasancewa mace ta farko da aka ba wa namiji lokacin haihuwa da aka amince da shi a matsayin [[mace]] mai tsarin [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] a ƙarƙashin dokar 'yan gudun hijira ta duniya. An haife ta a Kolombiya, Rubashkyn ba ta da ƙasa a da.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=McGee |first=Thomas |date=2020 |title=Rainbow statelessness - between sexual citizenship and legal theory: Exploring the statelessness-LGBTIQ+ nexus. |url=https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/agispt.20221018075985 |journal=Statelessness & Citizenship Review |volume=2(1) |issue=2 |pages=64–85 |via=[[Informit (database)|Informit]]}}</ref> a halin yanzu tana aiki a matsayin jami'in shirye-shirye a duniya ta ILGA,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ælien Rubashkyn - ILGA World |url=https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907100944/https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |archive-date=7 September 2021 |access-date=7 September 2021}}</ref> kuma a matsayin masaniya a fannin kimiyyar rage cutar da ke haɓaka yakin neman hakkin ɗan adam na tallafi ga masu neman mafaka na LGBTI, 'yan gudun hijira da masu shiga tsakani a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ITANZ - Intersex Awareness New Zealand 2019 - Board Members |url=http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |access-date=2024-07-05 |archive-date=2019-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190911065353/http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> An amince [[Jinsi|da jinsin]] Rubashkyn a ƙarƙashin Yarjejeniyar [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] ta 1951 dangane da Matsayin 'Yan Gudun Hijira.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Human Rights Campaign 2014 |title=Hong Kong recognized Trans woman without Sex reassignment Surgery |url=http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006154905/http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=3 February 2015}}</ref> Shari'ar Rubashkyn ya ja hankalin kafafen yaɗa labarai na ƙasa da ƙasa da lauyoyi bayan cin zarafin da aka yi mata biyo bayan tsare ta a filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong saboda rashin jituwa tsakanin [[Asalin jinsi|jinsinta]] da hoton fasfo dinta, wanda ya haifar da shekaru da dama na rashin ƙasa a Hong Kong.  da kuma ƙasƙantar da ɗan adam zuwa cibiyoyin mafaka da yawa a cikin Yuen Long.<ref name="Misunderstood and Stateless">{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref><ref name="UNHCR">{{Cite web |title=Transgender Refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong |url=http://www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/refdaily?pass=463ef21123&id=533cf1698 |access-date=20 March 2014 |publisher=UNHCR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 April 2014 |title=Hong Kong is 'hell' Transgender postgrad student-turned-refugee struggles to be recognised as a woman |url=http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006110553/http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=gaystarnews.com}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta koma New Zealand a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira a cikin shekarar 2014, kuma an ba ta shaida ta ƙasar New Zealand a cikin shekarar 2018.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee says NZ paradise |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/transgender-refugee-says-nz-paradise/FOX7DUD3XTF4K6OWN72OH2FWPE/ |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2023, an tuhumi Rubashkyn da laifuffuka biyu na kai hari kan jefa ruwan [[tumatir]] a kan masu fafutuka Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull da Tania Suzanne Sturt a wata zanga-zangar adawa da ziyarar Keen-Minshull.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-14 |title=Posie Parker assault case: Tomato juice protester Eliana Golberstein pleads guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-assault-case-tomato-juice-protester-eli-rubashkyn-pleads-guilty/J4XEWQPOJZF4XP654KYDSJTX2Q/ |access-date=2024-06-14 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Rubashkyn a [[Kolombiya|Colombia]] ga mahaifiyar Bayahudiya 'yar ƙasar Yukren wacce ta koma can a shekarun 1970s. An haife ta tare da yanayin jima'i na rashin jin daɗi na androgen kuma an sanya shi namiji a lokacin haihuwa.<ref name="3news">{{Cite web |date=26 July 2015 |title=Gender refugee hopes for NZ citizenship |url=http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151225151833/http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |archive-date=25 December 2015 |access-date=23 December 2015 |publisher=3 Degrees - TV3 New Zealand}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Vesga |first=Alejandro |date=11 July 2015 |title=El purgatorio de una transgénero víctima de un pasaporte con sexo masculino |url=http://www.kienyke.com/historias/el-purgatorio-de-una-transgenero-victima-de-un-pasaporte-con-sexo-masculino/}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2011, Rubashkyn ta sami digirinta a fannin harhaɗa magunguna da [[Kimiyya|sinadarai]] a Jami'ar ƙasa ta Colombia, kuma tana magana da harsuna biyar sosai.<ref name=":3"/> Bayan ta yi karatun ilmin halitta a Jami'ar Granada, an ba ta guraben karatu don haɓaka karatun digiri na biyu a fannin kiwon lafiyar jama'a a Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta [[Taipei]], kuma a lokaci guda ta fara canjin yanayi da tabbatar da jinsi a [[Taiwan]]. Rubashkyn ta gano cewa caka mata wuka a Colombia ne ya sa ta yanke shawarar neman ilimi a wasu wurare. === Rashin kasa === A cikin shekara guda da fara maganin maye gurbin hormone, yanayin jikin Rubashkyn ya canza sosai saboda yanayin jima'i, kuma hukumomin shige da fice na Taiwan sun buƙaci ta sabunta fasfo ɗinta a ƙaramin ofishin jakadancin Colombia kafin ta fara shekara ta biyu na karatun masters. Ta yi tafiya zuwa [[Hong Kong]] don yin hakan, amma lokacin da ta isa cibiyar shige da fice ta filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong, an tsare ta sama da watanni takwas a tsare da kuma cibiyoyin ‘yan gudun hijira da dama saboda rashin sanin yanayin shari’arta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 March 2014 |title=The Colombian transgender woman stranded in Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/la-transgenero-colombiana-atrapada-en-hong-kong/381292-3 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong to be recognised as woman |url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1457021/transgender-refugee-goes-through-hell-hong-kong-be-recognised-woman |access-date=3 March 2014 |website=South China Morning Post}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=2020-02-28 |title=Making New Zealand Home: Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/national/programmes/afternoons/audio/2018736234/making-new-zealand-home-eliana-rubashkyn |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=RNZ |language=en-nz}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta sha fama da cin zarafi da cin zarafi da musgunawa akai-akai a wurare da dama da take rayuwa a ciki. An tsare ta a wani sashin kula da taɓin hankali na Asibitin Sarauniya Elizabeth da ke Kowloon, sakamakon wani yunkurin kashe kanta, bayan an yi mata wulakanci da lalata da ita.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Live Interview (In Spanish) on CNN after being released from her reclusion in Hong Kong and China |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UkEsMq5xKfA/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> Ta kasa neman mafaka don a ba ta kariya a matsayinta na 'yar gudun hijira a Hong Kong saboda gwamnati ba ta amince da yarjejeniyar 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ba, ta fuskanci kora, kuma ta fuskanci mugun hali a wurin da ake tsare da filin jirgin sama.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ƙi tuntuɓar ofishin jakadancinta na gida don hana fitar da ita saboda rashin taimakon diflomasiyya da suka bayar, kuma ta zama ''marar'' ƙasa a ranar 30 ga watan Oktoba 2012. Matsayin Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ya iyakance hulɗar iya yi da hukumomi daga gwamnatocin Colombia.<ref name=":4"/><ref>{{Cite web |title=Stuck in limbo the tragic story of the transgender refugee Eliana Rubashkyn |url=http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006162731/http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Time Out Hong Kong}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=1 April 2010 |title=UNHCR and De Facto Statelessness |url=http://www.unhcr.org/4bc2ddeb9.pdf |access-date=28 November 2017 |publisher=Hugh Massey, Senior Legal Adviser, UNHCR Geneva}}</ref> Tare da taimakon [[Amnesty International]] da hukumar kula da 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya (UNHCR), an ba ta matsayin [[Ƴan gudun hijira|'yan gudun hijira]];  duk da haka, saboda Hong Kong ba ta sanya hannu kan taron ƴan gudun hijira na 1951 ba, ba ta amince da ita a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ba kuma ta nemi a tura ta zuwa Colombia. Lamarin nata ya ja hankalin duniya, musamman a Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya da Kolombiya, inda ake yawan cin zarafi tsakanin maza da mata da maza da mata. An kuma lura da shari'arta a [[New Zealand]], ƙasar da aka sani da matsayinta game da daidaito ga mutanen LGBTI.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cơn ác mộng của người chuyển giới ở Hong Kong |url=http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006101242/http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=Hot News Vietnam}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=3 April 2014 |title=Transgender refugee stranded in Hong Kong describes struggle to be recognized as woman |url=http://shanghaiist.com/2014/04/03/transgender-refugee-hong-kong.php |access-date=3 April 2014 |publisher=Shanhaiist}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=La historia de Eliana, la joven transgénero que está atrapada en Hong Kong |url=http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141010092822/http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |archive-date=10 October 2014 |access-date=29 March 2014 |publisher=Diario El País}}</ref> A watan Disamba na shekarar 2013, Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta ba da mafita ta hanyar amincewa Rubashkyn a matsayin mace a ƙarƙashin tsarin 'yan gudun hijira na UNHCR. Ta zama mace ta farko da aka amince da ita a matsayin mace a [[Sin|China]] ko Hong Kong ba tare da an yi mata tiyatar sake aikin jima'i ba ko kuma ta hanyar likita.<ref>{{Cite web |last=caracol.com.co |title=Transexual reconocida como mujer en China |url=http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006102218/http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 January 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=行街紙隱去性別未變性博士准住女病房 |url=http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/news/art/20140315/18657221 |access-date=2 January 2014 |publisher=Apple Daily Hong Kong}}</ref> Wani labari na [[CNN]] game da gwagwarmayar ta da kuma ɗan gajeren fim game da rayuwarta a Hong Kong ta sami lambar yabo ta GLAAD Media Award a watan Mayu 2015. === Maidowa === A cikin watan Mayun 2014, New Zealand ta karɓi Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira kuma ta ba ta mafaka, ta ƙara fahimtar jinsinta a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 July 2014 |title=En libertad la transgénero presa en Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/eliana-rubashkyn-transgenero-colombiana-en-hong-kong-quedo-libre/394176-3 |access-date=5 January 2015 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref> Shari'arta ita ce ta farko a duniya da aka amince da jinsin mutum a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Eliana Rubashkyn. First case of International gender recognition through asylum |url=http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006140105/http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=Fundacion Triangulo}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Transexual colombiana atrapada en Hong Kong recibe refugio en Nueva Zelanda |url=http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006125201/http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=RCN}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2015, auren Rubashkyn ya sami kulawar kafofin watsa labaru mai mahimmanci lokacin da magatakarda na NZ na Aure ya nemi mataccen suna Rubashkyn, tare da sunanta na shari'a, don yin rajistar auren. A cikin shekarar 2019, Rubashkyn ya ba da shaida a matsayin wani ɓangare na binciken kisan Grace Millane, bayan da ta fahimci cewa ta yi wa wanda ake tuhuma hidima a wani kantin magani na Auckland. <ref name="Millane"/> == Sana'a == Tun lokacin da aka sake ta a New Zealand, Rubashkyn ta yi aiki a matsayin mai harhaɗa magunguna kuma tana da hannu cikin ayyukan bayar da shawarwari da yawa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ministry seeks feedback on draft vaping regulations, while pharmacy sales slow |url=https://www.pharmacytoday.co.nz/article/ministry-seeks-feedback-draft-vaping-regulations-while-pharmacy-sales-slow |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Pharmacy Today |language=en}}</ref> === Gwagwarmaya/Fafutuka === Rubashkyn ta ba da shawarar haƙƙoƙin 'yan gudun hijira da jima'i, transgender, da bambancin jinsi a New Zealand da kuma duniya baki ɗaya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rainbow refugees come to NZ to find safety, but say the system is not built for them |url=https://www.renews.co.nz/rainbow-refugees-come-to-nz-to-find-safety-but-say-the-system-is-not-built-for-them/ |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=www.renews.co.nz |language=en-US}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ba da gudummawa ga shirin ci gaban Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya da kuma Hukumar Kula da 'Yan Gudun Hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya a matsayinta na wacce ta kafa Rainbow Path Aotearoa New Zealand, wata kungiyar bayar da shawarwari ta 'yan gudun hijira ta LGBT. Yayin zanga-zangar adawa da Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull a [[Auckland]] a ranar 25 ga watan Maris 2023, Rubashkyn ta jefa ruwan tumatir a kan Keen-Minshull. Daga baya, Rubashkyn ta ba da rahoton samun barazanar kisa. Rubashkyn ta tafi Ostiraliya, sannan Amurka, tana mai cewa tana tsoron a kama ta a New Zealand. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice thrower says arrest warrant imminent |url=https://www.1news.co.nz/2023/03/29/posie-parker-juice-thrower-says-arrest-warrant-imminent/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=1 News |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='I am scared': Posie Parker juice-thrower claims arrest warrant pending |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-tomato-juicer-eli-rubashkyn-says-arrest-warrant-likely-to-be-filed/T7LTM7JSFVHVDKOLE37BTVDVBY/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=reporter |first=Auckland |date=2023-03-30 |title=Police lay assault charge on woman who threw juice over Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/131647981/police-lay-assault-charge-on-woman-who-threw-juice-over-posie-parker |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> Daga baya 'yan sandan New Zealand sun tuhume ta da laifuffuka biyu na hari, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-en-route-for-new-york-after-arrest-claim/OBCY2CCNPJAULNQOHSQVCXX6Y4/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Franks |first=Raphael |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.newstalkzb.co.nz/news/national/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-charged-with-assault/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=ZB |language=en-nz}}</ref> <ref name=":0" /> daya kirga kan lamarin ruwan tumatir da Keen-Minshull da kuma wani harin da aka kai wa wani daban, wanda ba a san ko wanene ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Woman accused of throwing juice over Posie Parker pleads not guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/woman-accused-of-throwing-juice-over-womens-rights-activist-posie-parker-pleads-not-guilty/QI24T5Z5BBCG5GDEDAP6I7KIEI/ |access-date=2023-04-07 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> Magoya bayan Rubashkyn sun tara sama da dala 15,000 a cikin makonni biyu da suka biyo bayan lamarin don biyan kuɗinta na shari'a. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Shibu |date=2023-03-31 |title=Fundraiser For NZ Trans Activist Who Doused Kellie-Jay Keen With Tomato Sauce |url=https://www.starobserver.com.au/news/international-news-news/fundraiser-for-nz-trans-activist-who-doused-kellie-jay-keen-with-tomato-sauce/222889 |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Star Observer |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Afrilun 2023, lauyan Rubashkyn ya shigar da kara a madadinta, tare da komawa kotu a watan Yuli. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=2023-04-05 |title=Protester pleads not guilty to assault after throwing juice on Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/crime/300848339/protester-pleads-not-guilty-to-assault-after-throwing-juice-on-posie-parker |access-date=2023-04-06 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 20 ga watan Satumba, lauyan Rubashkyn James Olsen ya nemi a soke tuhumar da ake yi mata a kotun gundumar Auckland. Keen-Minshull ta kwaɗaitar da magoya bayanta da su taru a kusa da kotun ta kafafen sada zumunta; Bayan ta yi watsi da shirin tafiya na biyu zuwa New Zealand saboda matsalolin tsaro. Magoya bayan Keen-Minshull da suka haɗa da kungiyar "Bari mace ta yi magana" sun haɗu da mambobin kungiyar Trans Liberation Alliance (TLA) da suka taru a kotun St Patrick da ke kusa da kotun gundumar Auckland. Wannan zanga-zangar ta kasance cikin lumana tare da ‘yan sanda sun raba kungiyoyin biyu. Olsen ya bayar da hujjar cewa ya kamata a yi watsi da karar tun da Keen-Minshull ya ki gabatar da kara ko mika shaida ga ‘yan sanda. Dan sanda mai gabatar da kara Sajan Phil Mann ya nemi ya dogara da kalaman da Keen-Minshull ya yi na yin fim ga TVNZ bayan faruwar lamarin. Mai shari’a Claire Ryan ta ajiye hukuncinta har sai an saurari karar a watan Oktoba 2023. <ref name="NZH 21 Sep 2023" /> A ranar 26 ga watan Oktoba, alkalin kotun Ryan ya ki amincewa da yunkurin Rubashkyn na yin watsi da tuhumar da ake mata, ya kuma yanke hukuncin cewa za ta fuskanci shari'a kan laifuka biyu na cin zarafi da ake yi wa Keen-Minshull. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] <references /> at88g12k934b8xe5bpwj04kh9oxivhw 826563 826561 2026-04-26T07:51:38Z Pharouqenr 25549 826563 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Eliana Rubashkyn''' (an Haife ta a ranar 25 ga watan Yuni 1988) 'yar ƙasar [[New Zealand]] likitar harhaɗa magunguna ce kuma masaniya a fannin ilmin sinadarai,<ref name="Millane">{{Cite web |date=2019-11-14 |title='I'm sorry': Moment murder accused admitted Grace was dead |url=https://www.odt.co.nz/news/national/im-sorry-moment-murder-accused-admitted-grace-was-dead |access-date=2023-04-01 |website=Otago Daily Times Online News |language=en}}</ref> sananniya ce da kasancewa mace ta farko da aka ba wa namiji lokacin haihuwa da aka amince da shi a matsayin [[mace]] mai tsarin [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] a ƙarƙashin dokar 'yan gudun hijira ta duniya. An haife ta a Kolombiya, Rubashkyn ba ta da ƙasa a da.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=McGee |first=Thomas |date=2020 |title=Rainbow statelessness - between sexual citizenship and legal theory: Exploring the statelessness-LGBTIQ+ nexus. |url=https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/agispt.20221018075985 |journal=Statelessness & Citizenship Review |volume=2(1) |issue=2 |pages=64–85 |via=[[Informit (database)|Informit]]}}</ref> a halin yanzu tana aiki a matsayin jami'in shirye-shirye a duniya ta ILGA,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ælien Rubashkyn - ILGA World |url=https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907100944/https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |archive-date=7 September 2021 |access-date=7 September 2021}}</ref> kuma a matsayin masaniya a fannin kimiyyar rage cutar da ke haɓaka yakin neman hakkin ɗan adam na tallafi ga masu neman mafaka na LGBTI, 'yan gudun hijira da masu shiga tsakani a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ITANZ - Intersex Awareness New Zealand 2019 - Board Members |url=http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |access-date=2024-07-05 |archive-date=2019-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190911065353/http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> An amince [[Jinsi|da jinsin]] Rubashkyn a ƙarƙashin Yarjejeniyar [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] ta 1951 dangane da Matsayin 'Yan Gudun Hijira.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Human Rights Campaign 2014 |title=Hong Kong recognized Trans woman without Sex reassignment Surgery |url=http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006154905/http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=3 February 2015}}</ref> Shari'ar Rubashkyn ya ja hankalin kafafen yaɗa labarai na ƙasa da ƙasa da lauyoyi bayan cin zarafin da aka yi mata biyo bayan tsare ta a filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong saboda rashin jituwa tsakanin [[Asalin jinsi|jinsinta]] da hoton fasfo dinta, wanda ya haifar da shekaru da dama na rashin ƙasa a Hong Kong.  da kuma ƙasƙantar da ɗan adam zuwa cibiyoyin mafaka da yawa a cikin Yuen Long.<ref name="Misunderstood and Stateless">{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref><ref name="UNHCR">{{Cite web |title=Transgender Refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong |url=http://www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/refdaily?pass=463ef21123&id=533cf1698 |access-date=20 March 2014 |publisher=UNHCR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 April 2014 |title=Hong Kong is 'hell' Transgender postgrad student-turned-refugee struggles to be recognised as a woman |url=http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006110553/http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=gaystarnews.com}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta koma New Zealand a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira a cikin shekarar 2014, kuma an ba ta shaida ta ƙasar New Zealand a cikin shekarar 2018.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee says NZ paradise |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/transgender-refugee-says-nz-paradise/FOX7DUD3XTF4K6OWN72OH2FWPE/ |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2023, an tuhumi Rubashkyn da laifuffuka biyu na kai hari kan jefa ruwan [[tumatir]] a kan masu fafutuka Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull da Tania Suzanne Sturt a wata zanga-zangar adawa da ziyarar Keen-Minshull.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-14 |title=Posie Parker assault case: Tomato juice protester Eliana Golberstein pleads guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-assault-case-tomato-juice-protester-eli-rubashkyn-pleads-guilty/J4XEWQPOJZF4XP654KYDSJTX2Q/ |access-date=2024-06-14 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Rubashkyn a [[Kolombiya|Colombia]] ga mahaifiyar Bayahudiya 'yar ƙasar Yukren wacce ta koma can a shekarun 1970s. An haife ta tare da yanayin jima'i na rashin jin daɗi na androgen kuma an sanya shi namiji a lokacin haihuwa.<ref name="3news">{{Cite web |date=26 July 2015 |title=Gender refugee hopes for NZ citizenship |url=http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151225151833/http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |archive-date=25 December 2015 |access-date=23 December 2015 |publisher=3 Degrees - TV3 New Zealand}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Vesga |first=Alejandro |date=11 July 2015 |title=El purgatorio de una transgénero víctima de un pasaporte con sexo masculino |url=http://www.kienyke.com/historias/el-purgatorio-de-una-transgenero-victima-de-un-pasaporte-con-sexo-masculino/}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2011, Rubashkyn ta sami digirinta a fannin harhaɗa magunguna da [[Kimiyya|sinadarai]] a Jami'ar ƙasa ta Colombia, kuma tana magana da harsuna biyar sosai.<ref name=":3"/> Bayan ta yi karatun ilmin halitta a Jami'ar Granada, an ba ta guraben karatu don haɓaka karatun digiri na biyu a fannin kiwon lafiyar jama'a a Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta [[Taipei]], kuma a lokaci guda ta fara canjin yanayi da tabbatar da jinsi a [[Taiwan]]. Rubashkyn ta gano cewa caka mata wuka a Colombia ne ya sa ta yanke shawarar neman ilimi a wasu wurare. === Rashin kasa === A cikin shekara guda da fara maganin maye gurbin hormone, yanayin jikin Rubashkyn ya canza sosai saboda yanayin jima'i, kuma hukumomin shige da fice na Taiwan sun buƙaci ta sabunta fasfo ɗinta a ƙaramin ofishin jakadancin Colombia kafin ta fara shekara ta biyu na karatun masters. Ta yi tafiya zuwa [[Hong Kong]] don yin hakan, amma lokacin da ta isa cibiyar shige da fice ta filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong, an tsare ta sama da watanni takwas a tsare da kuma cibiyoyin ‘yan gudun hijira da dama saboda rashin sanin yanayin shari’arta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 March 2014 |title=The Colombian transgender woman stranded in Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/la-transgenero-colombiana-atrapada-en-hong-kong/381292-3 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong to be recognised as woman |url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1457021/transgender-refugee-goes-through-hell-hong-kong-be-recognised-woman |access-date=3 March 2014 |website=South China Morning Post}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=2020-02-28 |title=Making New Zealand Home: Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/national/programmes/afternoons/audio/2018736234/making-new-zealand-home-eliana-rubashkyn |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=RNZ |language=en-nz}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta sha fama da cin zarafi da cin zarafi da musgunawa akai-akai a wurare da dama da take rayuwa a ciki. An tsare ta a wani sashin kula da taɓin hankali na Asibitin Sarauniya Elizabeth da ke Kowloon, sakamakon wani yunkurin kashe kanta, bayan an yi mata wulakanci da lalata da ita.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Live Interview (In Spanish) on CNN after being released from her reclusion in Hong Kong and China |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UkEsMq5xKfA/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> Ta kasa neman mafaka don a ba ta kariya a matsayinta na 'yar gudun hijira a Hong Kong saboda gwamnati ba ta amince da yarjejeniyar 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ba, ta fuskanci kora, kuma ta fuskanci mugun hali a wurin da ake tsare da filin jirgin sama.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ƙi tuntuɓar ofishin jakadancinta na gida don hana fitar da ita saboda rashin taimakon diflomasiyya da suka bayar, kuma ta zama ''marar'' ƙasa a ranar 30 ga watan Oktoba 2012. Matsayin Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ya iyakance hulɗar iya yi da hukumomi daga gwamnatocin Colombia.<ref name=":4"/><ref>{{Cite web |title=Stuck in limbo the tragic story of the transgender refugee Eliana Rubashkyn |url=http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006162731/http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Time Out Hong Kong}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=1 April 2010 |title=UNHCR and De Facto Statelessness |url=http://www.unhcr.org/4bc2ddeb9.pdf |access-date=28 November 2017 |publisher=Hugh Massey, Senior Legal Adviser, UNHCR Geneva}}</ref> Tare da taimakon [[Amnesty International]] da hukumar kula da 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya (UNHCR), an ba ta matsayin [[Ƴan gudun hijira|'yan gudun hijira]];  duk da haka, saboda Hong Kong ba ta sanya hannu kan taron ƴan gudun hijira na 1951 ba, ba ta amince da ita a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ba kuma ta nemi a tura ta zuwa Colombia. Lamarin nata ya ja hankalin duniya, musamman a Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya da Kolombiya, inda ake yawan cin zarafi tsakanin maza da mata da maza da mata. An kuma lura da shari'arta a [[New Zealand]], ƙasar da aka sani da matsayinta game da daidaito ga mutanen LGBTI.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cơn ác mộng của người chuyển giới ở Hong Kong |url=http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006101242/http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=Hot News Vietnam}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=3 April 2014 |title=Transgender refugee stranded in Hong Kong describes struggle to be recognized as woman |url=http://shanghaiist.com/2014/04/03/transgender-refugee-hong-kong.php |access-date=3 April 2014 |publisher=Shanhaiist}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=La historia de Eliana, la joven transgénero que está atrapada en Hong Kong |url=http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141010092822/http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |archive-date=10 October 2014 |access-date=29 March 2014 |publisher=Diario El País}}</ref> A watan Disamba na shekarar 2013, Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta ba da mafita ta hanyar amincewa Rubashkyn a matsayin mace a ƙarƙashin tsarin 'yan gudun hijira na UNHCR. Ta zama mace ta farko da aka amince da ita a matsayin mace a [[Sin|China]] ko Hong Kong ba tare da an yi mata tiyatar sake aikin jima'i ba ko kuma ta hanyar likita.<ref>{{Cite web |last=caracol.com.co |title=Transexual reconocida como mujer en China |url=http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006102218/http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 January 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=行街紙隱去性別未變性博士准住女病房 |url=http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/news/art/20140315/18657221 |access-date=2 January 2014 |publisher=Apple Daily Hong Kong}}</ref> Wani labari na [[CNN]] game da gwagwarmayar ta da kuma ɗan gajeren fim game da rayuwarta a Hong Kong ta sami lambar yabo ta GLAAD Media Award a watan Mayu 2015. === Maidowa === A cikin watan Mayun 2014, New Zealand ta karɓi Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira kuma ta ba ta mafaka, ta ƙara fahimtar jinsinta a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 July 2014 |title=En libertad la transgénero presa en Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/eliana-rubashkyn-transgenero-colombiana-en-hong-kong-quedo-libre/394176-3 |access-date=5 January 2015 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref> Shari'arta ita ce ta farko a duniya da aka amince da jinsin mutum a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Eliana Rubashkyn. First case of International gender recognition through asylum |url=http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006140105/http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=Fundacion Triangulo}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Transexual colombiana atrapada en Hong Kong recibe refugio en Nueva Zelanda |url=http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006125201/http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=RCN}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2015, auren Rubashkyn ya sami kulawar kafofin watsa labaru mai mahimmanci lokacin da magatakarda na NZ na Aure ya nemi mataccen suna Rubashkyn, tare da sunanta na shari'a, don yin rajistar auren. A cikin shekarar 2019, Rubashkyn ya ba da shaida a matsayin wani ɓangare na binciken kisan Grace Millane, bayan da ta fahimci cewa ta yi wa wanda ake tuhuma hidima a wani kantin magani na Auckland. <ref name="Millane"/> == Sana'a == Tun lokacin da aka sake ta a New Zealand, Rubashkyn ta yi aiki a matsayin mai harhaɗa magunguna kuma tana da hannu cikin ayyukan bayar da shawarwari da yawa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ministry seeks feedback on draft vaping regulations, while pharmacy sales slow |url=https://www.pharmacytoday.co.nz/article/ministry-seeks-feedback-draft-vaping-regulations-while-pharmacy-sales-slow |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Pharmacy Today |language=en}}</ref> === Gwagwarmaya/Fafutuka === Rubashkyn ta ba da shawarar haƙƙoƙin 'yan gudun hijira da jima'i, transgender, da bambancin jinsi a New Zealand da kuma duniya baki ɗaya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rainbow refugees come to NZ to find safety, but say the system is not built for them |url=https://www.renews.co.nz/rainbow-refugees-come-to-nz-to-find-safety-but-say-the-system-is-not-built-for-them/ |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=www.renews.co.nz |language=en-US}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ba da gudummawa ga shirin ci gaban Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya da kuma Hukumar Kula da 'Yan Gudun Hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya a matsayinta na wacce ta kafa Rainbow Path Aotearoa New Zealand, wata kungiyar bayar da shawarwari ta 'yan gudun hijira ta LGBT. Yayin zanga-zangar adawa da Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull a [[Auckland]] a ranar 25 ga watan Maris 2023, Rubashkyn ta jefa ruwan tumatir a kan Keen-Minshull. Daga baya, Rubashkyn ta ba da rahoton samun barazanar kisa. Rubashkyn ta tafi Ostiraliya, sannan Amurka, tana mai cewa tana tsoron a kama ta a New Zealand. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice thrower says arrest warrant imminent |url=https://www.1news.co.nz/2023/03/29/posie-parker-juice-thrower-says-arrest-warrant-imminent/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=1 News |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='I am scared': Posie Parker juice-thrower claims arrest warrant pending |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-tomato-juicer-eli-rubashkyn-says-arrest-warrant-likely-to-be-filed/T7LTM7JSFVHVDKOLE37BTVDVBY/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=reporter |first=Auckland |date=2023-03-30 |title=Police lay assault charge on woman who threw juice over Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/131647981/police-lay-assault-charge-on-woman-who-threw-juice-over-posie-parker |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> Daga baya 'yan sandan New Zealand sun tuhume ta da laifuffuka biyu na hari, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-en-route-for-new-york-after-arrest-claim/OBCY2CCNPJAULNQOHSQVCXX6Y4/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Franks |first=Raphael |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.newstalkzb.co.nz/news/national/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-charged-with-assault/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=ZB |language=en-nz}}</ref> <ref name=":0" /> daya kirga kan lamarin ruwan tumatir da Keen-Minshull da kuma wani harin da aka kai wa wani daban, wanda ba a san ko wanene ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Woman accused of throwing juice over Posie Parker pleads not guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/woman-accused-of-throwing-juice-over-womens-rights-activist-posie-parker-pleads-not-guilty/QI24T5Z5BBCG5GDEDAP6I7KIEI/ |access-date=2023-04-07 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> Magoya bayan Rubashkyn sun tara sama da dala 15,000 a cikin makonni biyu da suka biyo bayan lamarin don biyan kuɗinta na shari'a. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Shibu |date=2023-03-31 |title=Fundraiser For NZ Trans Activist Who Doused Kellie-Jay Keen With Tomato Sauce |url=https://www.starobserver.com.au/news/international-news-news/fundraiser-for-nz-trans-activist-who-doused-kellie-jay-keen-with-tomato-sauce/222889 |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Star Observer |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Afrilun 2023, lauyan Rubashkyn ya shigar da kara a madadinta, tare da komawa kotu a watan Yuli. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=2023-04-05 |title=Protester pleads not guilty to assault after throwing juice on Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/crime/300848339/protester-pleads-not-guilty-to-assault-after-throwing-juice-on-posie-parker |access-date=2023-04-06 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 20 ga watan Satumba, lauyan Rubashkyn James Olsen ya nemi a soke tuhumar da ake yi mata a kotun gundumar Auckland. Keen-Minshull ta kwaɗaitar da magoya bayanta da su taru a kusa da kotun ta kafafen sada zumunta; Bayan ta yi watsi da shirin tafiya na biyu zuwa New Zealand saboda matsalolin tsaro. Magoya bayan Keen-Minshull da suka haɗa da kungiyar "Bari mace ta yi magana" sun haɗu da mambobin kungiyar Trans Liberation Alliance (TLA) da suka taru a kotun St Patrick da ke kusa da kotun gundumar Auckland. Wannan zanga-zangar ta kasance cikin lumana tare da ‘yan sanda sun raba kungiyoyin biyu. Olsen ya bayar da hujjar cewa ya kamata a yi watsi da karar tun da Keen-Minshull ya ki gabatar da kara ko mika shaida ga ‘yan sanda. Dan sanda mai gabatar da kara Sajan Phil Mann ya nemi ya dogara da kalaman da Keen-Minshull ya yi na yin fim ga TVNZ bayan faruwar lamarin. Mai shari’a Claire Ryan ta ajiye hukuncinta har sai an saurari karar a watan Oktoba 2023. <ref name="NZH 21 Sep 2023" /> A ranar 26 ga watan Oktoba, alkalin kotun Ryan ya ki amincewa da yunkurin Rubashkyn na yin watsi da tuhumar da ake mata, ya kuma yanke hukuncin cewa za ta fuskanci shari'a kan laifuka biyu na cin zarafi da ake yi wa Keen-Minshull. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] <references /> 2ic0rkqrnu3j1byvx5h54h55xwmgm2w 826564 826563 2026-04-26T07:51:58Z Pharouqenr 25549 826564 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Eliana Rubashkyn''' (an Haife ta a ranar 25 ga watan Yuni 1988) 'yar ƙasar [[New Zealand]] likitar harhaɗa magunguna ce kuma masaniya a fannin ilmin sinadarai,<ref name="Millane">{{Cite web |date=2019-11-14 |title='I'm sorry': Moment murder accused admitted Grace was dead |url=https://www.odt.co.nz/news/national/im-sorry-moment-murder-accused-admitted-grace-was-dead |access-date=2023-04-01 |website=Otago Daily Times Online News |language=en}}</ref> sananniya ce da kasancewa mace ta farko da aka ba wa namiji lokacin haihuwa da aka amince da shi a matsayin [[mace]] mai tsarin [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] a ƙarƙashin dokar 'yan gudun hijira ta duniya. An haife ta a Kolombiya, Rubashkyn ba ta da ƙasa a da.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=McGee |first=Thomas |date=2020 |title=Rainbow statelessness - between sexual citizenship and legal theory: Exploring the statelessness-LGBTIQ+ nexus. |url=https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/agispt.20221018075985 |journal=Statelessness & Citizenship Review |volume=2(1) |issue=2 |pages=64–85 |via=[[Informit (database)|Informit]]}}</ref> a halin yanzu tana aiki a matsayin jami'in shirye-shirye a duniya ta ILGA,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ælien Rubashkyn - ILGA World |url=https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907100944/https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |archive-date=7 September 2021 |access-date=7 September 2021}}</ref> kuma a matsayin masaniya a fannin kimiyyar rage cutar da ke haɓaka yakin neman hakkin ɗan adam na tallafi ga masu neman mafaka na LGBTI, 'yan gudun hijira da masu shiga tsakani a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ITANZ - Intersex Awareness New Zealand 2019 - Board Members |url=http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |access-date=2024-07-05 |archive-date=2019-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190911065353/http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> An amince [[Jinsi|da jinsin]] Rubashkyn a ƙarƙashin Yarjejeniyar [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] ta 1951 dangane da Matsayin 'Yan Gudun Hijira.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Human Rights Campaign 2014 |title=Hong Kong recognized Trans woman without Sex reassignment Surgery |url=http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006154905/http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=3 February 2015}}</ref> Shari'ar Rubashkyn ya ja hankalin kafafen yaɗa labarai na ƙasa da ƙasa da lauyoyi bayan cin zarafin da aka yi mata biyo bayan tsare ta a filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong saboda rashin jituwa tsakanin [[Asalin jinsi|jinsinta]] da hoton fasfo dinta, wanda ya haifar da shekaru da dama na rashin ƙasa a Hong Kong.  da kuma ƙasƙantar da ɗan adam zuwa cibiyoyin mafaka da yawa a cikin Yuen Long.<ref name="Misunderstood and Stateless">{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref><ref name="UNHCR">{{Cite web |title=Transgender Refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong |url=http://www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/refdaily?pass=463ef21123&id=533cf1698 |access-date=20 March 2014 |publisher=UNHCR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 April 2014 |title=Hong Kong is 'hell' Transgender postgrad student-turned-refugee struggles to be recognised as a woman |url=http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006110553/http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=gaystarnews.com}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta koma New Zealand a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira a cikin shekarar 2014, kuma an ba ta shaida ta ƙasar New Zealand a cikin shekarar 2018.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee says NZ paradise |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/transgender-refugee-says-nz-paradise/FOX7DUD3XTF4K6OWN72OH2FWPE/ |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2023, an tuhumi Rubashkyn da laifuffuka biyu na kai hari kan jefa ruwan [[tumatir]] a kan masu fafutuka Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull da Tania Suzanne Sturt a wata zanga-zangar adawa da ziyarar Keen-Minshull.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-14 |title=Posie Parker assault case: Tomato juice protester Eliana Golberstein pleads guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-assault-case-tomato-juice-protester-eli-rubashkyn-pleads-guilty/J4XEWQPOJZF4XP654KYDSJTX2Q/ |access-date=2024-06-14 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Rubashkyn a [[Kolombiya|Colombia]] ga mahaifiyar Bayahudiya 'yar ƙasar Yukren wacce ta koma can a shekarun 1970s. An haife ta tare da yanayin jima'i na rashin jin daɗi na androgen kuma an sanya shi namiji a lokacin haihuwa.<ref name="3news">{{Cite web |date=26 July 2015 |title=Gender refugee hopes for NZ citizenship |url=http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151225151833/http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |archive-date=25 December 2015 |access-date=23 December 2015 |publisher=3 Degrees - TV3 New Zealand}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Vesga |first=Alejandro |date=11 July 2015 |title=El purgatorio de una transgénero víctima de un pasaporte con sexo masculino |url=http://www.kienyke.com/historias/el-purgatorio-de-una-transgenero-victima-de-un-pasaporte-con-sexo-masculino/}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2011, Rubashkyn ta sami digirinta a fannin harhaɗa magunguna da [[Kimiyya|sinadarai]] a Jami'ar ƙasa ta Colombia, kuma tana magana da harsuna biyar sosai.<ref name=":3"/> Bayan ta yi karatun ilmin halitta a Jami'ar Granada, an ba ta guraben karatu don haɓaka karatun digiri na biyu a fannin kiwon lafiyar jama'a a Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta [[Taipei]], kuma a lokaci guda ta fara canjin yanayi da tabbatar da jinsi a [[Taiwan]]. Rubashkyn ta gano cewa caka mata wuka a Colombia ne ya sa ta yanke shawarar neman ilimi a wasu wurare. === Rashin kasa === A cikin shekara guda da fara maganin maye gurbin hormone, yanayin jikin Rubashkyn ya canza sosai saboda yanayin jima'i, kuma hukumomin shige da fice na Taiwan sun buƙaci ta sabunta fasfo ɗinta a ƙaramin ofishin jakadancin Colombia kafin ta fara shekara ta biyu na karatun masters. Ta yi tafiya zuwa [[Hong Kong]] don yin hakan, amma lokacin da ta isa cibiyar shige da fice ta filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong, an tsare ta sama da watanni takwas a tsare da kuma cibiyoyin ‘yan gudun hijira da dama saboda rashin sanin yanayin shari’arta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 March 2014 |title=The Colombian transgender woman stranded in Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/la-transgenero-colombiana-atrapada-en-hong-kong/381292-3 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong to be recognised as woman |url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1457021/transgender-refugee-goes-through-hell-hong-kong-be-recognised-woman |access-date=3 March 2014 |website=South China Morning Post}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=2020-02-28 |title=Making New Zealand Home: Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/national/programmes/afternoons/audio/2018736234/making-new-zealand-home-eliana-rubashkyn |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=RNZ |language=en-nz}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta sha fama da cin zarafi da cin zarafi da musgunawa akai-akai a wurare da dama da take rayuwa a ciki. An tsare ta a wani sashin kula da taɓin hankali na Asibitin Sarauniya Elizabeth da ke Kowloon, sakamakon wani yunkurin kashe kanta, bayan an yi mata wulakanci da lalata da ita.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Live Interview (In Spanish) on CNN after being released from her reclusion in Hong Kong and China |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UkEsMq5xKfA/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> Ta kasa neman mafaka don a ba ta kariya a matsayinta na 'yar gudun hijira a Hong Kong saboda gwamnati ba ta amince da yarjejeniyar 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ba, ta fuskanci kora, kuma ta fuskanci mugun hali a wurin da ake tsare da filin jirgin sama.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ƙi tuntuɓar ofishin jakadancinta na gida don hana fitar da ita saboda rashin taimakon diflomasiyya da suka bayar, kuma ta zama ''marar'' ƙasa a ranar 30 ga watan Oktoba 2012. Matsayin Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ya iyakance hulɗar iya yi da hukumomi daga gwamnatocin Colombia.<ref name=":4"/><ref>{{Cite web |title=Stuck in limbo the tragic story of the transgender refugee Eliana Rubashkyn |url=http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006162731/http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Time Out Hong Kong}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=1 April 2010 |title=UNHCR and De Facto Statelessness |url=http://www.unhcr.org/4bc2ddeb9.pdf |access-date=28 November 2017 |publisher=Hugh Massey, Senior Legal Adviser, UNHCR Geneva}}</ref> Tare da taimakon [[Amnesty International]] da hukumar kula da 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya (UNHCR), an ba ta matsayin [[Ƴan gudun hijira|'yan gudun hijira]];  duk da haka, saboda Hong Kong ba ta sanya hannu kan taron ƴan gudun hijira na 1951 ba, ba ta amince da ita a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ba kuma ta nemi a tura ta zuwa Colombia. Lamarin nata ya ja hankalin duniya, musamman a Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya da Kolombiya, inda ake yawan cin zarafi tsakanin maza da mata da maza da mata. An kuma lura da shari'arta a [[New Zealand]], ƙasar da aka sani da matsayinta game da daidaito ga mutanen LGBTI.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cơn ác mộng của người chuyển giới ở Hong Kong |url=http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006101242/http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=Hot News Vietnam}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=3 April 2014 |title=Transgender refugee stranded in Hong Kong describes struggle to be recognized as woman |url=http://shanghaiist.com/2014/04/03/transgender-refugee-hong-kong.php |access-date=3 April 2014 |publisher=Shanhaiist}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=La historia de Eliana, la joven transgénero que está atrapada en Hong Kong |url=http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141010092822/http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |archive-date=10 October 2014 |access-date=29 March 2014 |publisher=Diario El País}}</ref> A watan Disamba na shekarar 2013, Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta ba da mafita ta hanyar amincewa Rubashkyn a matsayin mace a ƙarƙashin tsarin 'yan gudun hijira na UNHCR. Ta zama mace ta farko da aka amince da ita a matsayin mace a [[Sin|China]] ko Hong Kong ba tare da an yi mata tiyatar sake aikin jima'i ba ko kuma ta hanyar likita.<ref>{{Cite web |last=caracol.com.co |title=Transexual reconocida como mujer en China |url=http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006102218/http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 January 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=行街紙隱去性別未變性博士准住女病房 |url=http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/news/art/20140315/18657221 |access-date=2 January 2014 |publisher=Apple Daily Hong Kong}}</ref> Wani labari na [[CNN]] game da gwagwarmayar ta da kuma ɗan gajeren fim game da rayuwarta a Hong Kong ta sami lambar yabo ta GLAAD Media Award a watan Mayu 2015. === Maidowa === A cikin watan Mayun 2014, New Zealand ta karɓi Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira kuma ta ba ta mafaka, ta ƙara fahimtar jinsinta a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 July 2014 |title=En libertad la transgénero presa en Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/eliana-rubashkyn-transgenero-colombiana-en-hong-kong-quedo-libre/394176-3 |access-date=5 January 2015 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref> Shari'arta ita ce ta farko a duniya da aka amince da jinsin mutum a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Eliana Rubashkyn. First case of International gender recognition through asylum |url=http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006140105/http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=Fundacion Triangulo}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Transexual colombiana atrapada en Hong Kong recibe refugio en Nueva Zelanda |url=http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006125201/http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=RCN}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2015, auren Rubashkyn ya sami kulawar kafofin watsa labaru mai mahimmanci lokacin da magatakarda na NZ na Aure ya nemi mataccen suna Rubashkyn, tare da sunanta na shari'a, don yin rajistar auren. A cikin shekarar 2019, Rubashkyn ya ba da shaida a matsayin wani ɓangare na binciken kisan Grace Millane, bayan da ta fahimci cewa ta yi wa wanda ake tuhuma hidima a wani kantin magani na Auckland.<ref name="Millane"/> == Sana'a == Tun lokacin da aka sake ta a New Zealand, Rubashkyn ta yi aiki a matsayin mai harhaɗa magunguna kuma tana da hannu cikin ayyukan bayar da shawarwari da yawa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ministry seeks feedback on draft vaping regulations, while pharmacy sales slow |url=https://www.pharmacytoday.co.nz/article/ministry-seeks-feedback-draft-vaping-regulations-while-pharmacy-sales-slow |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Pharmacy Today |language=en}}</ref> === Gwagwarmaya/Fafutuka === Rubashkyn ta ba da shawarar haƙƙoƙin 'yan gudun hijira da jima'i, transgender, da bambancin jinsi a New Zealand da kuma duniya baki ɗaya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rainbow refugees come to NZ to find safety, but say the system is not built for them |url=https://www.renews.co.nz/rainbow-refugees-come-to-nz-to-find-safety-but-say-the-system-is-not-built-for-them/ |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=www.renews.co.nz |language=en-US}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ba da gudummawa ga shirin ci gaban Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya da kuma Hukumar Kula da 'Yan Gudun Hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya a matsayinta na wacce ta kafa Rainbow Path Aotearoa New Zealand, wata kungiyar bayar da shawarwari ta 'yan gudun hijira ta LGBT. Yayin zanga-zangar adawa da Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull a [[Auckland]] a ranar 25 ga watan Maris 2023, Rubashkyn ta jefa ruwan tumatir a kan Keen-Minshull. Daga baya, Rubashkyn ta ba da rahoton samun barazanar kisa. Rubashkyn ta tafi Ostiraliya, sannan Amurka, tana mai cewa tana tsoron a kama ta a New Zealand. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice thrower says arrest warrant imminent |url=https://www.1news.co.nz/2023/03/29/posie-parker-juice-thrower-says-arrest-warrant-imminent/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=1 News |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='I am scared': Posie Parker juice-thrower claims arrest warrant pending |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-tomato-juicer-eli-rubashkyn-says-arrest-warrant-likely-to-be-filed/T7LTM7JSFVHVDKOLE37BTVDVBY/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=reporter |first=Auckland |date=2023-03-30 |title=Police lay assault charge on woman who threw juice over Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/131647981/police-lay-assault-charge-on-woman-who-threw-juice-over-posie-parker |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> Daga baya 'yan sandan New Zealand sun tuhume ta da laifuffuka biyu na hari, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-en-route-for-new-york-after-arrest-claim/OBCY2CCNPJAULNQOHSQVCXX6Y4/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Franks |first=Raphael |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.newstalkzb.co.nz/news/national/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-charged-with-assault/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=ZB |language=en-nz}}</ref> <ref name=":0" /> daya kirga kan lamarin ruwan tumatir da Keen-Minshull da kuma wani harin da aka kai wa wani daban, wanda ba a san ko wanene ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Woman accused of throwing juice over Posie Parker pleads not guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/woman-accused-of-throwing-juice-over-womens-rights-activist-posie-parker-pleads-not-guilty/QI24T5Z5BBCG5GDEDAP6I7KIEI/ |access-date=2023-04-07 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> Magoya bayan Rubashkyn sun tara sama da dala 15,000 a cikin makonni biyu da suka biyo bayan lamarin don biyan kuɗinta na shari'a. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Shibu |date=2023-03-31 |title=Fundraiser For NZ Trans Activist Who Doused Kellie-Jay Keen With Tomato Sauce |url=https://www.starobserver.com.au/news/international-news-news/fundraiser-for-nz-trans-activist-who-doused-kellie-jay-keen-with-tomato-sauce/222889 |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Star Observer |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Afrilun 2023, lauyan Rubashkyn ya shigar da kara a madadinta, tare da komawa kotu a watan Yuli. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=2023-04-05 |title=Protester pleads not guilty to assault after throwing juice on Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/crime/300848339/protester-pleads-not-guilty-to-assault-after-throwing-juice-on-posie-parker |access-date=2023-04-06 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 20 ga watan Satumba, lauyan Rubashkyn James Olsen ya nemi a soke tuhumar da ake yi mata a kotun gundumar Auckland. Keen-Minshull ta kwaɗaitar da magoya bayanta da su taru a kusa da kotun ta kafafen sada zumunta; Bayan ta yi watsi da shirin tafiya na biyu zuwa New Zealand saboda matsalolin tsaro. Magoya bayan Keen-Minshull da suka haɗa da kungiyar "Bari mace ta yi magana" sun haɗu da mambobin kungiyar Trans Liberation Alliance (TLA) da suka taru a kotun St Patrick da ke kusa da kotun gundumar Auckland. Wannan zanga-zangar ta kasance cikin lumana tare da ‘yan sanda sun raba kungiyoyin biyu. Olsen ya bayar da hujjar cewa ya kamata a yi watsi da karar tun da Keen-Minshull ya ki gabatar da kara ko mika shaida ga ‘yan sanda. Dan sanda mai gabatar da kara Sajan Phil Mann ya nemi ya dogara da kalaman da Keen-Minshull ya yi na yin fim ga TVNZ bayan faruwar lamarin. Mai shari’a Claire Ryan ta ajiye hukuncinta har sai an saurari karar a watan Oktoba 2023. <ref name="NZH 21 Sep 2023" /> A ranar 26 ga watan Oktoba, alkalin kotun Ryan ya ki amincewa da yunkurin Rubashkyn na yin watsi da tuhumar da ake mata, ya kuma yanke hukuncin cewa za ta fuskanci shari'a kan laifuka biyu na cin zarafi da ake yi wa Keen-Minshull. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] <references /> ls9f1zzs8mkau1bkfdwhzrmguvdctls 826566 826564 2026-04-26T07:52:26Z Pharouqenr 25549 826566 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Eliana Rubashkyn''' (an Haife ta a ranar 25 ga watan Yuni 1988) 'yar ƙasar [[New Zealand]] likitar harhaɗa magunguna ce kuma masaniya a fannin ilmin sinadarai,<ref name="Millane">{{Cite web |date=2019-11-14 |title='I'm sorry': Moment murder accused admitted Grace was dead |url=https://www.odt.co.nz/news/national/im-sorry-moment-murder-accused-admitted-grace-was-dead |access-date=2023-04-01 |website=Otago Daily Times Online News |language=en}}</ref> sananniya ce da kasancewa mace ta farko da aka ba wa namiji lokacin haihuwa da aka amince da shi a matsayin [[mace]] mai tsarin [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] a ƙarƙashin dokar 'yan gudun hijira ta duniya. An haife ta a Kolombiya, Rubashkyn ba ta da ƙasa a da.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=McGee |first=Thomas |date=2020 |title=Rainbow statelessness - between sexual citizenship and legal theory: Exploring the statelessness-LGBTIQ+ nexus. |url=https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/agispt.20221018075985 |journal=Statelessness & Citizenship Review |volume=2(1) |issue=2 |pages=64–85 |via=[[Informit (database)|Informit]]}}</ref> a halin yanzu tana aiki a matsayin jami'in shirye-shirye a duniya ta ILGA,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ælien Rubashkyn - ILGA World |url=https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907100944/https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |archive-date=7 September 2021 |access-date=7 September 2021}}</ref> kuma a matsayin masaniya a fannin kimiyyar rage cutar da ke haɓaka yakin neman hakkin ɗan adam na tallafi ga masu neman mafaka na LGBTI, 'yan gudun hijira da masu shiga tsakani a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ITANZ - Intersex Awareness New Zealand 2019 - Board Members |url=http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |access-date=2024-07-05 |archive-date=2019-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190911065353/http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> An amince [[Jinsi|da jinsin]] Rubashkyn a ƙarƙashin Yarjejeniyar [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] ta 1951 dangane da Matsayin 'Yan Gudun Hijira.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Human Rights Campaign 2014 |title=Hong Kong recognized Trans woman without Sex reassignment Surgery |url=http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006154905/http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=3 February 2015}}</ref> Shari'ar Rubashkyn ya ja hankalin kafafen yaɗa labarai na ƙasa da ƙasa da lauyoyi bayan cin zarafin da aka yi mata biyo bayan tsare ta a filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong saboda rashin jituwa tsakanin [[Asalin jinsi|jinsinta]] da hoton fasfo dinta, wanda ya haifar da shekaru da dama na rashin ƙasa a Hong Kong.  da kuma ƙasƙantar da ɗan adam zuwa cibiyoyin mafaka da yawa a cikin Yuen Long.<ref name="Misunderstood and Stateless">{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref><ref name="UNHCR">{{Cite web |title=Transgender Refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong |url=http://www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/refdaily?pass=463ef21123&id=533cf1698 |access-date=20 March 2014 |publisher=UNHCR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 April 2014 |title=Hong Kong is 'hell' Transgender postgrad student-turned-refugee struggles to be recognised as a woman |url=http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006110553/http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=gaystarnews.com}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta koma New Zealand a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira a cikin shekarar 2014, kuma an ba ta shaida ta ƙasar New Zealand a cikin shekarar 2018.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee says NZ paradise |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/transgender-refugee-says-nz-paradise/FOX7DUD3XTF4K6OWN72OH2FWPE/ |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2023, an tuhumi Rubashkyn da laifuffuka biyu na kai hari kan jefa ruwan [[tumatir]] a kan masu fafutuka Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull da Tania Suzanne Sturt a wata zanga-zangar adawa da ziyarar Keen-Minshull.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-14 |title=Posie Parker assault case: Tomato juice protester Eliana Golberstein pleads guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-assault-case-tomato-juice-protester-eli-rubashkyn-pleads-guilty/J4XEWQPOJZF4XP654KYDSJTX2Q/ |access-date=2024-06-14 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Rubashkyn a [[Kolombiya|Colombia]] ga mahaifiyar Bayahudiya 'yar ƙasar Yukren wacce ta koma can a shekarun 1970s. An haife ta tare da yanayin jima'i na rashin jin daɗi na androgen kuma an sanya shi namiji a lokacin haihuwa.<ref name="3news">{{Cite web |date=26 July 2015 |title=Gender refugee hopes for NZ citizenship |url=http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151225151833/http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |archive-date=25 December 2015 |access-date=23 December 2015 |publisher=3 Degrees - TV3 New Zealand}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Vesga |first=Alejandro |date=11 July 2015 |title=El purgatorio de una transgénero víctima de un pasaporte con sexo masculino |url=http://www.kienyke.com/historias/el-purgatorio-de-una-transgenero-victima-de-un-pasaporte-con-sexo-masculino/}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2011, Rubashkyn ta sami digirinta a fannin harhaɗa magunguna da [[Kimiyya|sinadarai]] a Jami'ar ƙasa ta Colombia, kuma tana magana da harsuna biyar sosai.<ref name=":3"/> Bayan ta yi karatun ilmin halitta a Jami'ar Granada, an ba ta guraben karatu don haɓaka karatun digiri na biyu a fannin kiwon lafiyar jama'a a Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta [[Taipei]], kuma a lokaci guda ta fara canjin yanayi da tabbatar da jinsi a [[Taiwan]]. Rubashkyn ta gano cewa caka mata wuka a Colombia ne ya sa ta yanke shawarar neman ilimi a wasu wurare. === Rashin kasa === A cikin shekara guda da fara maganin maye gurbin hormone, yanayin jikin Rubashkyn ya canza sosai saboda yanayin jima'i, kuma hukumomin shige da fice na Taiwan sun buƙaci ta sabunta fasfo ɗinta a ƙaramin ofishin jakadancin Colombia kafin ta fara shekara ta biyu na karatun masters. Ta yi tafiya zuwa [[Hong Kong]] don yin hakan, amma lokacin da ta isa cibiyar shige da fice ta filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong, an tsare ta sama da watanni takwas a tsare da kuma cibiyoyin ‘yan gudun hijira da dama saboda rashin sanin yanayin shari’arta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 March 2014 |title=The Colombian transgender woman stranded in Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/la-transgenero-colombiana-atrapada-en-hong-kong/381292-3 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong to be recognised as woman |url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1457021/transgender-refugee-goes-through-hell-hong-kong-be-recognised-woman |access-date=3 March 2014 |website=South China Morning Post}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=2020-02-28 |title=Making New Zealand Home: Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/national/programmes/afternoons/audio/2018736234/making-new-zealand-home-eliana-rubashkyn |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=RNZ |language=en-nz}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta sha fama da cin zarafi da cin zarafi da musgunawa akai-akai a wurare da dama da take rayuwa a ciki. An tsare ta a wani sashin kula da taɓin hankali na Asibitin Sarauniya Elizabeth da ke Kowloon, sakamakon wani yunkurin kashe kanta, bayan an yi mata wulakanci da lalata da ita.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Live Interview (In Spanish) on CNN after being released from her reclusion in Hong Kong and China |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UkEsMq5xKfA/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> Ta kasa neman mafaka don a ba ta kariya a matsayinta na 'yar gudun hijira a Hong Kong saboda gwamnati ba ta amince da yarjejeniyar 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ba, ta fuskanci kora, kuma ta fuskanci mugun hali a wurin da ake tsare da filin jirgin sama.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ƙi tuntuɓar ofishin jakadancinta na gida don hana fitar da ita saboda rashin taimakon diflomasiyya da suka bayar, kuma ta zama ''marar'' ƙasa a ranar 30 ga watan Oktoba 2012. Matsayin Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ya iyakance hulɗar iya yi da hukumomi daga gwamnatocin Colombia.<ref name=":4"/><ref>{{Cite web |title=Stuck in limbo the tragic story of the transgender refugee Eliana Rubashkyn |url=http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006162731/http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Time Out Hong Kong}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=1 April 2010 |title=UNHCR and De Facto Statelessness |url=http://www.unhcr.org/4bc2ddeb9.pdf |access-date=28 November 2017 |publisher=Hugh Massey, Senior Legal Adviser, UNHCR Geneva}}</ref> Tare da taimakon [[Amnesty International]] da hukumar kula da 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya (UNHCR), an ba ta matsayin [[Ƴan gudun hijira|'yan gudun hijira]];  duk da haka, saboda Hong Kong ba ta sanya hannu kan taron ƴan gudun hijira na 1951 ba, ba ta amince da ita a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ba kuma ta nemi a tura ta zuwa Colombia. Lamarin nata ya ja hankalin duniya, musamman a Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya da Kolombiya, inda ake yawan cin zarafi tsakanin maza da mata da maza da mata. An kuma lura da shari'arta a [[New Zealand]], ƙasar da aka sani da matsayinta game da daidaito ga mutanen LGBTI.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cơn ác mộng của người chuyển giới ở Hong Kong |url=http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006101242/http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=Hot News Vietnam}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=3 April 2014 |title=Transgender refugee stranded in Hong Kong describes struggle to be recognized as woman |url=http://shanghaiist.com/2014/04/03/transgender-refugee-hong-kong.php |access-date=3 April 2014 |publisher=Shanhaiist}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=La historia de Eliana, la joven transgénero que está atrapada en Hong Kong |url=http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141010092822/http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |archive-date=10 October 2014 |access-date=29 March 2014 |publisher=Diario El País}}</ref> A watan Disamba na shekarar 2013, Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta ba da mafita ta hanyar amincewa Rubashkyn a matsayin mace a ƙarƙashin tsarin 'yan gudun hijira na UNHCR. Ta zama mace ta farko da aka amince da ita a matsayin mace a [[Sin|China]] ko Hong Kong ba tare da an yi mata tiyatar sake aikin jima'i ba ko kuma ta hanyar likita.<ref>{{Cite web |last=caracol.com.co |title=Transexual reconocida como mujer en China |url=http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006102218/http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 January 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=行街紙隱去性別未變性博士准住女病房 |url=http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/news/art/20140315/18657221 |access-date=2 January 2014 |publisher=Apple Daily Hong Kong}}</ref> Wani labari na [[CNN]] game da gwagwarmayar ta da kuma ɗan gajeren fim game da rayuwarta a Hong Kong ta sami lambar yabo ta GLAAD Media Award a watan Mayu 2015. === Maidowa === A cikin watan Mayun 2014, New Zealand ta karɓi Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira kuma ta ba ta mafaka, ta ƙara fahimtar jinsinta a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 July 2014 |title=En libertad la transgénero presa en Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/eliana-rubashkyn-transgenero-colombiana-en-hong-kong-quedo-libre/394176-3 |access-date=5 January 2015 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref> Shari'arta ita ce ta farko a duniya da aka amince da jinsin mutum a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Eliana Rubashkyn. First case of International gender recognition through asylum |url=http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006140105/http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=Fundacion Triangulo}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Transexual colombiana atrapada en Hong Kong recibe refugio en Nueva Zelanda |url=http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006125201/http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=RCN}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2015, auren Rubashkyn ya sami kulawar kafofin watsa labaru mai mahimmanci lokacin da magatakarda na NZ na Aure ya nemi mataccen suna Rubashkyn, tare da sunanta na shari'a, don yin rajistar auren. A cikin shekarar 2019, Rubashkyn ya ba da shaida a matsayin wani ɓangare na binciken kisan Grace Millane, bayan da ta fahimci cewa ta yi wa wanda ake tuhuma hidima a wani kantin magani na Auckland.<ref name="Millane"/> == Sana'a == Tun lokacin da aka sake ta a New Zealand, Rubashkyn ta yi aiki a matsayin mai harhaɗa magunguna kuma tana da hannu cikin ayyukan bayar da shawarwari da yawa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ministry seeks feedback on draft vaping regulations, while pharmacy sales slow |url=https://www.pharmacytoday.co.nz/article/ministry-seeks-feedback-draft-vaping-regulations-while-pharmacy-sales-slow |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Pharmacy Today |language=en}}</ref> === Gwagwarmaya/Fafutuka === Rubashkyn ta ba da shawarar haƙƙoƙin 'yan gudun hijira da jima'i, transgender, da bambancin jinsi a New Zealand da kuma duniya baki ɗaya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rainbow refugees come to NZ to find safety, but say the system is not built for them |url=https://www.renews.co.nz/rainbow-refugees-come-to-nz-to-find-safety-but-say-the-system-is-not-built-for-them/ |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=www.renews.co.nz |language=en-US}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ba da gudummawa ga shirin ci gaban Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya da kuma Hukumar Kula da 'Yan Gudun Hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya a matsayinta na wacce ta kafa Rainbow Path Aotearoa New Zealand, wata kungiyar bayar da shawarwari ta 'yan gudun hijira ta LGBT. Yayin zanga-zangar adawa da Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull a [[Auckland]] a ranar 25 ga watan Maris 2023, Rubashkyn ta jefa ruwan tumatir a kan Keen-Minshull. Daga baya, Rubashkyn ta ba da rahoton samun barazanar kisa. Rubashkyn ta tafi Ostiraliya, sannan Amurka, tana mai cewa tana tsoron a kama ta a New Zealand. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice thrower says arrest warrant imminent |url=https://www.1news.co.nz/2023/03/29/posie-parker-juice-thrower-says-arrest-warrant-imminent/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=1 News |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='I am scared': Posie Parker juice-thrower claims arrest warrant pending |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-tomato-juicer-eli-rubashkyn-says-arrest-warrant-likely-to-be-filed/T7LTM7JSFVHVDKOLE37BTVDVBY/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=reporter |first=Auckland |date=2023-03-30 |title=Police lay assault charge on woman who threw juice over Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/131647981/police-lay-assault-charge-on-woman-who-threw-juice-over-posie-parker |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> Daga baya 'yan sandan New Zealand sun tuhume ta da laifuffuka biyu na hari,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-en-route-for-new-york-after-arrest-claim/OBCY2CCNPJAULNQOHSQVCXX6Y4/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Franks |first=Raphael |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.newstalkzb.co.nz/news/national/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-charged-with-assault/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=ZB |language=en-nz}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> daya kirga kan lamarin ruwan tumatir da Keen-Minshull da kuma wani harin da aka kai wa wani daban, wanda ba a san ko wanene ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Woman accused of throwing juice over Posie Parker pleads not guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/woman-accused-of-throwing-juice-over-womens-rights-activist-posie-parker-pleads-not-guilty/QI24T5Z5BBCG5GDEDAP6I7KIEI/ |access-date=2023-04-07 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> Magoya bayan Rubashkyn sun tara sama da dala 15,000 a cikin makonni biyu da suka biyo bayan lamarin don biyan kuɗinta na shari'a. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Shibu |date=2023-03-31 |title=Fundraiser For NZ Trans Activist Who Doused Kellie-Jay Keen With Tomato Sauce |url=https://www.starobserver.com.au/news/international-news-news/fundraiser-for-nz-trans-activist-who-doused-kellie-jay-keen-with-tomato-sauce/222889 |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Star Observer |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Afrilun 2023, lauyan Rubashkyn ya shigar da kara a madadinta, tare da komawa kotu a watan Yuli. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=2023-04-05 |title=Protester pleads not guilty to assault after throwing juice on Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/crime/300848339/protester-pleads-not-guilty-to-assault-after-throwing-juice-on-posie-parker |access-date=2023-04-06 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 20 ga watan Satumba, lauyan Rubashkyn James Olsen ya nemi a soke tuhumar da ake yi mata a kotun gundumar Auckland. Keen-Minshull ta kwaɗaitar da magoya bayanta da su taru a kusa da kotun ta kafafen sada zumunta; Bayan ta yi watsi da shirin tafiya na biyu zuwa New Zealand saboda matsalolin tsaro. Magoya bayan Keen-Minshull da suka haɗa da kungiyar "Bari mace ta yi magana" sun haɗu da mambobin kungiyar Trans Liberation Alliance (TLA) da suka taru a kotun St Patrick da ke kusa da kotun gundumar Auckland. Wannan zanga-zangar ta kasance cikin lumana tare da ‘yan sanda sun raba kungiyoyin biyu. Olsen ya bayar da hujjar cewa ya kamata a yi watsi da karar tun da Keen-Minshull ya ki gabatar da kara ko mika shaida ga ‘yan sanda. Dan sanda mai gabatar da kara Sajan Phil Mann ya nemi ya dogara da kalaman da Keen-Minshull ya yi na yin fim ga TVNZ bayan faruwar lamarin. Mai shari’a Claire Ryan ta ajiye hukuncinta har sai an saurari karar a watan Oktoba 2023. <ref name="NZH 21 Sep 2023" /> A ranar 26 ga watan Oktoba, alkalin kotun Ryan ya ki amincewa da yunkurin Rubashkyn na yin watsi da tuhumar da ake mata, ya kuma yanke hukuncin cewa za ta fuskanci shari'a kan laifuka biyu na cin zarafi da ake yi wa Keen-Minshull. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] <references /> gdjwbf9zv7ygfp75p6evdbsje5h5oku 826567 826566 2026-04-26T07:52:55Z Pharouqenr 25549 826567 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Eliana Rubashkyn''' (an Haife ta a ranar 25 ga watan Yuni 1988) 'yar ƙasar [[New Zealand]] likitar harhaɗa magunguna ce kuma masaniya a fannin ilmin sinadarai,<ref name="Millane">{{Cite web |date=2019-11-14 |title='I'm sorry': Moment murder accused admitted Grace was dead |url=https://www.odt.co.nz/news/national/im-sorry-moment-murder-accused-admitted-grace-was-dead |access-date=2023-04-01 |website=Otago Daily Times Online News |language=en}}</ref> sananniya ce da kasancewa mace ta farko da aka ba wa namiji lokacin haihuwa da aka amince da shi a matsayin [[mace]] mai tsarin [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] a ƙarƙashin dokar 'yan gudun hijira ta duniya. An haife ta a Kolombiya, Rubashkyn ba ta da ƙasa a da.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=McGee |first=Thomas |date=2020 |title=Rainbow statelessness - between sexual citizenship and legal theory: Exploring the statelessness-LGBTIQ+ nexus. |url=https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/agispt.20221018075985 |journal=Statelessness & Citizenship Review |volume=2(1) |issue=2 |pages=64–85 |via=[[Informit (database)|Informit]]}}</ref> a halin yanzu tana aiki a matsayin jami'in shirye-shirye a duniya ta ILGA,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ælien Rubashkyn - ILGA World |url=https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907100944/https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |archive-date=7 September 2021 |access-date=7 September 2021}}</ref> kuma a matsayin masaniya a fannin kimiyyar rage cutar da ke haɓaka yakin neman hakkin ɗan adam na tallafi ga masu neman mafaka na LGBTI, 'yan gudun hijira da masu shiga tsakani a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ITANZ - Intersex Awareness New Zealand 2019 - Board Members |url=http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |access-date=2024-07-05 |archive-date=2019-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190911065353/http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> An amince [[Jinsi|da jinsin]] Rubashkyn a ƙarƙashin Yarjejeniyar [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] ta 1951 dangane da Matsayin 'Yan Gudun Hijira.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Human Rights Campaign 2014 |title=Hong Kong recognized Trans woman without Sex reassignment Surgery |url=http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006154905/http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=3 February 2015}}</ref> Shari'ar Rubashkyn ya ja hankalin kafafen yaɗa labarai na ƙasa da ƙasa da lauyoyi bayan cin zarafin da aka yi mata biyo bayan tsare ta a filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong saboda rashin jituwa tsakanin [[Asalin jinsi|jinsinta]] da hoton fasfo dinta, wanda ya haifar da shekaru da dama na rashin ƙasa a Hong Kong.  da kuma ƙasƙantar da ɗan adam zuwa cibiyoyin mafaka da yawa a cikin Yuen Long.<ref name="Misunderstood and Stateless">{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref><ref name="UNHCR">{{Cite web |title=Transgender Refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong |url=http://www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/refdaily?pass=463ef21123&id=533cf1698 |access-date=20 March 2014 |publisher=UNHCR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 April 2014 |title=Hong Kong is 'hell' Transgender postgrad student-turned-refugee struggles to be recognised as a woman |url=http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006110553/http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=gaystarnews.com}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta koma New Zealand a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira a cikin shekarar 2014, kuma an ba ta shaida ta ƙasar New Zealand a cikin shekarar 2018.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee says NZ paradise |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/transgender-refugee-says-nz-paradise/FOX7DUD3XTF4K6OWN72OH2FWPE/ |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2023, an tuhumi Rubashkyn da laifuffuka biyu na kai hari kan jefa ruwan [[tumatir]] a kan masu fafutuka Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull da Tania Suzanne Sturt a wata zanga-zangar adawa da ziyarar Keen-Minshull.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-14 |title=Posie Parker assault case: Tomato juice protester Eliana Golberstein pleads guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-assault-case-tomato-juice-protester-eli-rubashkyn-pleads-guilty/J4XEWQPOJZF4XP654KYDSJTX2Q/ |access-date=2024-06-14 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Rubashkyn a [[Kolombiya|Colombia]] ga mahaifiyar Bayahudiya 'yar ƙasar Yukren wacce ta koma can a shekarun 1970s. An haife ta tare da yanayin jima'i na rashin jin daɗi na androgen kuma an sanya shi namiji a lokacin haihuwa.<ref name="3news">{{Cite web |date=26 July 2015 |title=Gender refugee hopes for NZ citizenship |url=http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151225151833/http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |archive-date=25 December 2015 |access-date=23 December 2015 |publisher=3 Degrees - TV3 New Zealand}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Vesga |first=Alejandro |date=11 July 2015 |title=El purgatorio de una transgénero víctima de un pasaporte con sexo masculino |url=http://www.kienyke.com/historias/el-purgatorio-de-una-transgenero-victima-de-un-pasaporte-con-sexo-masculino/}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2011, Rubashkyn ta sami digirinta a fannin harhaɗa magunguna da [[Kimiyya|sinadarai]] a Jami'ar ƙasa ta Colombia, kuma tana magana da harsuna biyar sosai.<ref name=":3"/> Bayan ta yi karatun ilmin halitta a Jami'ar Granada, an ba ta guraben karatu don haɓaka karatun digiri na biyu a fannin kiwon lafiyar jama'a a Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta [[Taipei]], kuma a lokaci guda ta fara canjin yanayi da tabbatar da jinsi a [[Taiwan]]. Rubashkyn ta gano cewa caka mata wuka a Colombia ne ya sa ta yanke shawarar neman ilimi a wasu wurare. === Rashin kasa === A cikin shekara guda da fara maganin maye gurbin hormone, yanayin jikin Rubashkyn ya canza sosai saboda yanayin jima'i, kuma hukumomin shige da fice na Taiwan sun buƙaci ta sabunta fasfo ɗinta a ƙaramin ofishin jakadancin Colombia kafin ta fara shekara ta biyu na karatun masters. Ta yi tafiya zuwa [[Hong Kong]] don yin hakan, amma lokacin da ta isa cibiyar shige da fice ta filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong, an tsare ta sama da watanni takwas a tsare da kuma cibiyoyin ‘yan gudun hijira da dama saboda rashin sanin yanayin shari’arta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 March 2014 |title=The Colombian transgender woman stranded in Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/la-transgenero-colombiana-atrapada-en-hong-kong/381292-3 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong to be recognised as woman |url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1457021/transgender-refugee-goes-through-hell-hong-kong-be-recognised-woman |access-date=3 March 2014 |website=South China Morning Post}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=2020-02-28 |title=Making New Zealand Home: Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/national/programmes/afternoons/audio/2018736234/making-new-zealand-home-eliana-rubashkyn |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=RNZ |language=en-nz}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta sha fama da cin zarafi da cin zarafi da musgunawa akai-akai a wurare da dama da take rayuwa a ciki. An tsare ta a wani sashin kula da taɓin hankali na Asibitin Sarauniya Elizabeth da ke Kowloon, sakamakon wani yunkurin kashe kanta, bayan an yi mata wulakanci da lalata da ita.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Live Interview (In Spanish) on CNN after being released from her reclusion in Hong Kong and China |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UkEsMq5xKfA/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> Ta kasa neman mafaka don a ba ta kariya a matsayinta na 'yar gudun hijira a Hong Kong saboda gwamnati ba ta amince da yarjejeniyar 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ba, ta fuskanci kora, kuma ta fuskanci mugun hali a wurin da ake tsare da filin jirgin sama.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ƙi tuntuɓar ofishin jakadancinta na gida don hana fitar da ita saboda rashin taimakon diflomasiyya da suka bayar, kuma ta zama ''marar'' ƙasa a ranar 30 ga watan Oktoba 2012. Matsayin Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ya iyakance hulɗar iya yi da hukumomi daga gwamnatocin Colombia.<ref name=":4"/><ref>{{Cite web |title=Stuck in limbo the tragic story of the transgender refugee Eliana Rubashkyn |url=http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006162731/http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Time Out Hong Kong}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=1 April 2010 |title=UNHCR and De Facto Statelessness |url=http://www.unhcr.org/4bc2ddeb9.pdf |access-date=28 November 2017 |publisher=Hugh Massey, Senior Legal Adviser, UNHCR Geneva}}</ref> Tare da taimakon [[Amnesty International]] da hukumar kula da 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya (UNHCR), an ba ta matsayin [[Ƴan gudun hijira|'yan gudun hijira]];  duk da haka, saboda Hong Kong ba ta sanya hannu kan taron ƴan gudun hijira na 1951 ba, ba ta amince da ita a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ba kuma ta nemi a tura ta zuwa Colombia. Lamarin nata ya ja hankalin duniya, musamman a Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya da Kolombiya, inda ake yawan cin zarafi tsakanin maza da mata da maza da mata. An kuma lura da shari'arta a [[New Zealand]], ƙasar da aka sani da matsayinta game da daidaito ga mutanen LGBTI.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cơn ác mộng của người chuyển giới ở Hong Kong |url=http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006101242/http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=Hot News Vietnam}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=3 April 2014 |title=Transgender refugee stranded in Hong Kong describes struggle to be recognized as woman |url=http://shanghaiist.com/2014/04/03/transgender-refugee-hong-kong.php |access-date=3 April 2014 |publisher=Shanhaiist}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=La historia de Eliana, la joven transgénero que está atrapada en Hong Kong |url=http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141010092822/http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |archive-date=10 October 2014 |access-date=29 March 2014 |publisher=Diario El País}}</ref> A watan Disamba na shekarar 2013, Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta ba da mafita ta hanyar amincewa Rubashkyn a matsayin mace a ƙarƙashin tsarin 'yan gudun hijira na UNHCR. Ta zama mace ta farko da aka amince da ita a matsayin mace a [[Sin|China]] ko Hong Kong ba tare da an yi mata tiyatar sake aikin jima'i ba ko kuma ta hanyar likita.<ref>{{Cite web |last=caracol.com.co |title=Transexual reconocida como mujer en China |url=http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006102218/http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 January 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=行街紙隱去性別未變性博士准住女病房 |url=http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/news/art/20140315/18657221 |access-date=2 January 2014 |publisher=Apple Daily Hong Kong}}</ref> Wani labari na [[CNN]] game da gwagwarmayar ta da kuma ɗan gajeren fim game da rayuwarta a Hong Kong ta sami lambar yabo ta GLAAD Media Award a watan Mayu 2015. === Maidowa === A cikin watan Mayun 2014, New Zealand ta karɓi Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira kuma ta ba ta mafaka, ta ƙara fahimtar jinsinta a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 July 2014 |title=En libertad la transgénero presa en Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/eliana-rubashkyn-transgenero-colombiana-en-hong-kong-quedo-libre/394176-3 |access-date=5 January 2015 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref> Shari'arta ita ce ta farko a duniya da aka amince da jinsin mutum a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Eliana Rubashkyn. First case of International gender recognition through asylum |url=http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006140105/http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=Fundacion Triangulo}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Transexual colombiana atrapada en Hong Kong recibe refugio en Nueva Zelanda |url=http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006125201/http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=RCN}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2015, auren Rubashkyn ya sami kulawar kafofin watsa labaru mai mahimmanci lokacin da magatakarda na NZ na Aure ya nemi mataccen suna Rubashkyn, tare da sunanta na shari'a, don yin rajistar auren. A cikin shekarar 2019, Rubashkyn ya ba da shaida a matsayin wani ɓangare na binciken kisan Grace Millane, bayan da ta fahimci cewa ta yi wa wanda ake tuhuma hidima a wani kantin magani na Auckland.<ref name="Millane"/> == Sana'a == Tun lokacin da aka sake ta a New Zealand, Rubashkyn ta yi aiki a matsayin mai harhaɗa magunguna kuma tana da hannu cikin ayyukan bayar da shawarwari da yawa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ministry seeks feedback on draft vaping regulations, while pharmacy sales slow |url=https://www.pharmacytoday.co.nz/article/ministry-seeks-feedback-draft-vaping-regulations-while-pharmacy-sales-slow |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Pharmacy Today |language=en}}</ref> === Gwagwarmaya/Fafutuka === Rubashkyn ta ba da shawarar haƙƙoƙin 'yan gudun hijira da jima'i, transgender, da bambancin jinsi a New Zealand da kuma duniya baki ɗaya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rainbow refugees come to NZ to find safety, but say the system is not built for them |url=https://www.renews.co.nz/rainbow-refugees-come-to-nz-to-find-safety-but-say-the-system-is-not-built-for-them/ |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=www.renews.co.nz |language=en-US}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ba da gudummawa ga shirin ci gaban Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya da kuma Hukumar Kula da 'Yan Gudun Hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya a matsayinta na wacce ta kafa Rainbow Path Aotearoa New Zealand, wata kungiyar bayar da shawarwari ta 'yan gudun hijira ta LGBT. Yayin zanga-zangar adawa da Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull a [[Auckland]] a ranar 25 ga watan Maris 2023, Rubashkyn ta jefa ruwan tumatir a kan Keen-Minshull. Daga baya, Rubashkyn ta ba da rahoton samun barazanar kisa. Rubashkyn ta tafi Ostiraliya, sannan Amurka, tana mai cewa tana tsoron a kama ta a New Zealand.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice thrower says arrest warrant imminent |url=https://www.1news.co.nz/2023/03/29/posie-parker-juice-thrower-says-arrest-warrant-imminent/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=1 News |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title='I am scared': Posie Parker juice-thrower claims arrest warrant pending |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-tomato-juicer-eli-rubashkyn-says-arrest-warrant-likely-to-be-filed/T7LTM7JSFVHVDKOLE37BTVDVBY/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=reporter |first=Auckland |date=2023-03-30 |title=Police lay assault charge on woman who threw juice over Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/131647981/police-lay-assault-charge-on-woman-who-threw-juice-over-posie-parker |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> Daga baya 'yan sandan New Zealand sun tuhume ta da laifuffuka biyu na hari,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-en-route-for-new-york-after-arrest-claim/OBCY2CCNPJAULNQOHSQVCXX6Y4/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Franks |first=Raphael |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.newstalkzb.co.nz/news/national/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-charged-with-assault/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=ZB |language=en-nz}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> daya kirga kan lamarin ruwan tumatir da Keen-Minshull da kuma wani harin da aka kai wa wani daban, wanda ba a san ko wanene ba. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Woman accused of throwing juice over Posie Parker pleads not guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/woman-accused-of-throwing-juice-over-womens-rights-activist-posie-parker-pleads-not-guilty/QI24T5Z5BBCG5GDEDAP6I7KIEI/ |access-date=2023-04-07 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> Magoya bayan Rubashkyn sun tara sama da dala 15,000 a cikin makonni biyu da suka biyo bayan lamarin don biyan kuɗinta na shari'a. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Shibu |date=2023-03-31 |title=Fundraiser For NZ Trans Activist Who Doused Kellie-Jay Keen With Tomato Sauce |url=https://www.starobserver.com.au/news/international-news-news/fundraiser-for-nz-trans-activist-who-doused-kellie-jay-keen-with-tomato-sauce/222889 |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Star Observer |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Afrilun 2023, lauyan Rubashkyn ya shigar da kara a madadinta, tare da komawa kotu a watan Yuli. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=2023-04-05 |title=Protester pleads not guilty to assault after throwing juice on Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/crime/300848339/protester-pleads-not-guilty-to-assault-after-throwing-juice-on-posie-parker |access-date=2023-04-06 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 20 ga watan Satumba, lauyan Rubashkyn James Olsen ya nemi a soke tuhumar da ake yi mata a kotun gundumar Auckland. Keen-Minshull ta kwaɗaitar da magoya bayanta da su taru a kusa da kotun ta kafafen sada zumunta; Bayan ta yi watsi da shirin tafiya na biyu zuwa New Zealand saboda matsalolin tsaro. Magoya bayan Keen-Minshull da suka haɗa da kungiyar "Bari mace ta yi magana" sun haɗu da mambobin kungiyar Trans Liberation Alliance (TLA) da suka taru a kotun St Patrick da ke kusa da kotun gundumar Auckland. Wannan zanga-zangar ta kasance cikin lumana tare da ‘yan sanda sun raba kungiyoyin biyu. Olsen ya bayar da hujjar cewa ya kamata a yi watsi da karar tun da Keen-Minshull ya ki gabatar da kara ko mika shaida ga ‘yan sanda. Dan sanda mai gabatar da kara Sajan Phil Mann ya nemi ya dogara da kalaman da Keen-Minshull ya yi na yin fim ga TVNZ bayan faruwar lamarin. Mai shari’a Claire Ryan ta ajiye hukuncinta har sai an saurari karar a watan Oktoba 2023. <ref name="NZH 21 Sep 2023" /> A ranar 26 ga watan Oktoba, alkalin kotun Ryan ya ki amincewa da yunkurin Rubashkyn na yin watsi da tuhumar da ake mata, ya kuma yanke hukuncin cewa za ta fuskanci shari'a kan laifuka biyu na cin zarafi da ake yi wa Keen-Minshull. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] <references /> p7meadc1ca9fzb6kl3tn32uf2dt5cb5 826569 826567 2026-04-26T07:53:14Z Pharouqenr 25549 826569 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Eliana Rubashkyn''' (an Haife ta a ranar 25 ga watan Yuni 1988) 'yar ƙasar [[New Zealand]] likitar harhaɗa magunguna ce kuma masaniya a fannin ilmin sinadarai,<ref name="Millane">{{Cite web |date=2019-11-14 |title='I'm sorry': Moment murder accused admitted Grace was dead |url=https://www.odt.co.nz/news/national/im-sorry-moment-murder-accused-admitted-grace-was-dead |access-date=2023-04-01 |website=Otago Daily Times Online News |language=en}}</ref> sananniya ce da kasancewa mace ta farko da aka ba wa namiji lokacin haihuwa da aka amince da shi a matsayin [[mace]] mai tsarin [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] a ƙarƙashin dokar 'yan gudun hijira ta duniya. An haife ta a Kolombiya, Rubashkyn ba ta da ƙasa a da.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=McGee |first=Thomas |date=2020 |title=Rainbow statelessness - between sexual citizenship and legal theory: Exploring the statelessness-LGBTIQ+ nexus. |url=https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/agispt.20221018075985 |journal=Statelessness & Citizenship Review |volume=2(1) |issue=2 |pages=64–85 |via=[[Informit (database)|Informit]]}}</ref> a halin yanzu tana aiki a matsayin jami'in shirye-shirye a duniya ta ILGA,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ælien Rubashkyn - ILGA World |url=https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907100944/https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |archive-date=7 September 2021 |access-date=7 September 2021}}</ref> kuma a matsayin masaniya a fannin kimiyyar rage cutar da ke haɓaka yakin neman hakkin ɗan adam na tallafi ga masu neman mafaka na LGBTI, 'yan gudun hijira da masu shiga tsakani a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ITANZ - Intersex Awareness New Zealand 2019 - Board Members |url=http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |access-date=2024-07-05 |archive-date=2019-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190911065353/http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> An amince [[Jinsi|da jinsin]] Rubashkyn a ƙarƙashin Yarjejeniyar [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] ta 1951 dangane da Matsayin 'Yan Gudun Hijira.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Human Rights Campaign 2014 |title=Hong Kong recognized Trans woman without Sex reassignment Surgery |url=http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006154905/http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=3 February 2015}}</ref> Shari'ar Rubashkyn ya ja hankalin kafafen yaɗa labarai na ƙasa da ƙasa da lauyoyi bayan cin zarafin da aka yi mata biyo bayan tsare ta a filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong saboda rashin jituwa tsakanin [[Asalin jinsi|jinsinta]] da hoton fasfo dinta, wanda ya haifar da shekaru da dama na rashin ƙasa a Hong Kong.  da kuma ƙasƙantar da ɗan adam zuwa cibiyoyin mafaka da yawa a cikin Yuen Long.<ref name="Misunderstood and Stateless">{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref><ref name="UNHCR">{{Cite web |title=Transgender Refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong |url=http://www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/refdaily?pass=463ef21123&id=533cf1698 |access-date=20 March 2014 |publisher=UNHCR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 April 2014 |title=Hong Kong is 'hell' Transgender postgrad student-turned-refugee struggles to be recognised as a woman |url=http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006110553/http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=gaystarnews.com}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta koma New Zealand a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira a cikin shekarar 2014, kuma an ba ta shaida ta ƙasar New Zealand a cikin shekarar 2018.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee says NZ paradise |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/transgender-refugee-says-nz-paradise/FOX7DUD3XTF4K6OWN72OH2FWPE/ |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2023, an tuhumi Rubashkyn da laifuffuka biyu na kai hari kan jefa ruwan [[tumatir]] a kan masu fafutuka Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull da Tania Suzanne Sturt a wata zanga-zangar adawa da ziyarar Keen-Minshull.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-14 |title=Posie Parker assault case: Tomato juice protester Eliana Golberstein pleads guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-assault-case-tomato-juice-protester-eli-rubashkyn-pleads-guilty/J4XEWQPOJZF4XP654KYDSJTX2Q/ |access-date=2024-06-14 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Rubashkyn a [[Kolombiya|Colombia]] ga mahaifiyar Bayahudiya 'yar ƙasar Yukren wacce ta koma can a shekarun 1970s. An haife ta tare da yanayin jima'i na rashin jin daɗi na androgen kuma an sanya shi namiji a lokacin haihuwa.<ref name="3news">{{Cite web |date=26 July 2015 |title=Gender refugee hopes for NZ citizenship |url=http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151225151833/http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |archive-date=25 December 2015 |access-date=23 December 2015 |publisher=3 Degrees - TV3 New Zealand}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Vesga |first=Alejandro |date=11 July 2015 |title=El purgatorio de una transgénero víctima de un pasaporte con sexo masculino |url=http://www.kienyke.com/historias/el-purgatorio-de-una-transgenero-victima-de-un-pasaporte-con-sexo-masculino/}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2011, Rubashkyn ta sami digirinta a fannin harhaɗa magunguna da [[Kimiyya|sinadarai]] a Jami'ar ƙasa ta Colombia, kuma tana magana da harsuna biyar sosai.<ref name=":3"/> Bayan ta yi karatun ilmin halitta a Jami'ar Granada, an ba ta guraben karatu don haɓaka karatun digiri na biyu a fannin kiwon lafiyar jama'a a Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta [[Taipei]], kuma a lokaci guda ta fara canjin yanayi da tabbatar da jinsi a [[Taiwan]]. Rubashkyn ta gano cewa caka mata wuka a Colombia ne ya sa ta yanke shawarar neman ilimi a wasu wurare. === Rashin kasa === A cikin shekara guda da fara maganin maye gurbin hormone, yanayin jikin Rubashkyn ya canza sosai saboda yanayin jima'i, kuma hukumomin shige da fice na Taiwan sun buƙaci ta sabunta fasfo ɗinta a ƙaramin ofishin jakadancin Colombia kafin ta fara shekara ta biyu na karatun masters. Ta yi tafiya zuwa [[Hong Kong]] don yin hakan, amma lokacin da ta isa cibiyar shige da fice ta filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong, an tsare ta sama da watanni takwas a tsare da kuma cibiyoyin ‘yan gudun hijira da dama saboda rashin sanin yanayin shari’arta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 March 2014 |title=The Colombian transgender woman stranded in Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/la-transgenero-colombiana-atrapada-en-hong-kong/381292-3 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong to be recognised as woman |url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1457021/transgender-refugee-goes-through-hell-hong-kong-be-recognised-woman |access-date=3 March 2014 |website=South China Morning Post}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=2020-02-28 |title=Making New Zealand Home: Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/national/programmes/afternoons/audio/2018736234/making-new-zealand-home-eliana-rubashkyn |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=RNZ |language=en-nz}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta sha fama da cin zarafi da cin zarafi da musgunawa akai-akai a wurare da dama da take rayuwa a ciki. An tsare ta a wani sashin kula da taɓin hankali na Asibitin Sarauniya Elizabeth da ke Kowloon, sakamakon wani yunkurin kashe kanta, bayan an yi mata wulakanci da lalata da ita.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Live Interview (In Spanish) on CNN after being released from her reclusion in Hong Kong and China |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UkEsMq5xKfA/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> Ta kasa neman mafaka don a ba ta kariya a matsayinta na 'yar gudun hijira a Hong Kong saboda gwamnati ba ta amince da yarjejeniyar 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ba, ta fuskanci kora, kuma ta fuskanci mugun hali a wurin da ake tsare da filin jirgin sama.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ƙi tuntuɓar ofishin jakadancinta na gida don hana fitar da ita saboda rashin taimakon diflomasiyya da suka bayar, kuma ta zama ''marar'' ƙasa a ranar 30 ga watan Oktoba 2012. Matsayin Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ya iyakance hulɗar iya yi da hukumomi daga gwamnatocin Colombia.<ref name=":4"/><ref>{{Cite web |title=Stuck in limbo the tragic story of the transgender refugee Eliana Rubashkyn |url=http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006162731/http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Time Out Hong Kong}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=1 April 2010 |title=UNHCR and De Facto Statelessness |url=http://www.unhcr.org/4bc2ddeb9.pdf |access-date=28 November 2017 |publisher=Hugh Massey, Senior Legal Adviser, UNHCR Geneva}}</ref> Tare da taimakon [[Amnesty International]] da hukumar kula da 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya (UNHCR), an ba ta matsayin [[Ƴan gudun hijira|'yan gudun hijira]];  duk da haka, saboda Hong Kong ba ta sanya hannu kan taron ƴan gudun hijira na 1951 ba, ba ta amince da ita a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ba kuma ta nemi a tura ta zuwa Colombia. Lamarin nata ya ja hankalin duniya, musamman a Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya da Kolombiya, inda ake yawan cin zarafi tsakanin maza da mata da maza da mata. An kuma lura da shari'arta a [[New Zealand]], ƙasar da aka sani da matsayinta game da daidaito ga mutanen LGBTI.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cơn ác mộng của người chuyển giới ở Hong Kong |url=http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006101242/http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=Hot News Vietnam}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=3 April 2014 |title=Transgender refugee stranded in Hong Kong describes struggle to be recognized as woman |url=http://shanghaiist.com/2014/04/03/transgender-refugee-hong-kong.php |access-date=3 April 2014 |publisher=Shanhaiist}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=La historia de Eliana, la joven transgénero que está atrapada en Hong Kong |url=http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141010092822/http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |archive-date=10 October 2014 |access-date=29 March 2014 |publisher=Diario El País}}</ref> A watan Disamba na shekarar 2013, Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta ba da mafita ta hanyar amincewa Rubashkyn a matsayin mace a ƙarƙashin tsarin 'yan gudun hijira na UNHCR. Ta zama mace ta farko da aka amince da ita a matsayin mace a [[Sin|China]] ko Hong Kong ba tare da an yi mata tiyatar sake aikin jima'i ba ko kuma ta hanyar likita.<ref>{{Cite web |last=caracol.com.co |title=Transexual reconocida como mujer en China |url=http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006102218/http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 January 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=行街紙隱去性別未變性博士准住女病房 |url=http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/news/art/20140315/18657221 |access-date=2 January 2014 |publisher=Apple Daily Hong Kong}}</ref> Wani labari na [[CNN]] game da gwagwarmayar ta da kuma ɗan gajeren fim game da rayuwarta a Hong Kong ta sami lambar yabo ta GLAAD Media Award a watan Mayu 2015. === Maidowa === A cikin watan Mayun 2014, New Zealand ta karɓi Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira kuma ta ba ta mafaka, ta ƙara fahimtar jinsinta a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 July 2014 |title=En libertad la transgénero presa en Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/eliana-rubashkyn-transgenero-colombiana-en-hong-kong-quedo-libre/394176-3 |access-date=5 January 2015 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref> Shari'arta ita ce ta farko a duniya da aka amince da jinsin mutum a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Eliana Rubashkyn. First case of International gender recognition through asylum |url=http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006140105/http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=Fundacion Triangulo}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Transexual colombiana atrapada en Hong Kong recibe refugio en Nueva Zelanda |url=http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006125201/http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=RCN}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2015, auren Rubashkyn ya sami kulawar kafofin watsa labaru mai mahimmanci lokacin da magatakarda na NZ na Aure ya nemi mataccen suna Rubashkyn, tare da sunanta na shari'a, don yin rajistar auren. A cikin shekarar 2019, Rubashkyn ya ba da shaida a matsayin wani ɓangare na binciken kisan Grace Millane, bayan da ta fahimci cewa ta yi wa wanda ake tuhuma hidima a wani kantin magani na Auckland.<ref name="Millane"/> == Sana'a == Tun lokacin da aka sake ta a New Zealand, Rubashkyn ta yi aiki a matsayin mai harhaɗa magunguna kuma tana da hannu cikin ayyukan bayar da shawarwari da yawa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ministry seeks feedback on draft vaping regulations, while pharmacy sales slow |url=https://www.pharmacytoday.co.nz/article/ministry-seeks-feedback-draft-vaping-regulations-while-pharmacy-sales-slow |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Pharmacy Today |language=en}}</ref> === Gwagwarmaya/Fafutuka === Rubashkyn ta ba da shawarar haƙƙoƙin 'yan gudun hijira da jima'i, transgender, da bambancin jinsi a New Zealand da kuma duniya baki ɗaya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rainbow refugees come to NZ to find safety, but say the system is not built for them |url=https://www.renews.co.nz/rainbow-refugees-come-to-nz-to-find-safety-but-say-the-system-is-not-built-for-them/ |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=www.renews.co.nz |language=en-US}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ba da gudummawa ga shirin ci gaban Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya da kuma Hukumar Kula da 'Yan Gudun Hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya a matsayinta na wacce ta kafa Rainbow Path Aotearoa New Zealand, wata kungiyar bayar da shawarwari ta 'yan gudun hijira ta LGBT. Yayin zanga-zangar adawa da Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull a [[Auckland]] a ranar 25 ga watan Maris 2023, Rubashkyn ta jefa ruwan tumatir a kan Keen-Minshull. Daga baya, Rubashkyn ta ba da rahoton samun barazanar kisa. Rubashkyn ta tafi Ostiraliya, sannan Amurka, tana mai cewa tana tsoron a kama ta a New Zealand.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice thrower says arrest warrant imminent |url=https://www.1news.co.nz/2023/03/29/posie-parker-juice-thrower-says-arrest-warrant-imminent/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=1 News |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title='I am scared': Posie Parker juice-thrower claims arrest warrant pending |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-tomato-juicer-eli-rubashkyn-says-arrest-warrant-likely-to-be-filed/T7LTM7JSFVHVDKOLE37BTVDVBY/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=reporter |first=Auckland |date=2023-03-30 |title=Police lay assault charge on woman who threw juice over Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/131647981/police-lay-assault-charge-on-woman-who-threw-juice-over-posie-parker |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> Daga baya 'yan sandan New Zealand sun tuhume ta da laifuffuka biyu na hari,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-en-route-for-new-york-after-arrest-claim/OBCY2CCNPJAULNQOHSQVCXX6Y4/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Franks |first=Raphael |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.newstalkzb.co.nz/news/national/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-charged-with-assault/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=ZB |language=en-nz}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> daya kirga kan lamarin ruwan tumatir da Keen-Minshull da kuma wani harin da aka kai wa wani daban, wanda ba a san ko wanene ba.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Woman accused of throwing juice over Posie Parker pleads not guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/woman-accused-of-throwing-juice-over-womens-rights-activist-posie-parker-pleads-not-guilty/QI24T5Z5BBCG5GDEDAP6I7KIEI/ |access-date=2023-04-07 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> Magoya bayan Rubashkyn sun tara sama da dala 15,000 a cikin makonni biyu da suka biyo bayan lamarin don biyan kuɗinta na shari'a. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Shibu |date=2023-03-31 |title=Fundraiser For NZ Trans Activist Who Doused Kellie-Jay Keen With Tomato Sauce |url=https://www.starobserver.com.au/news/international-news-news/fundraiser-for-nz-trans-activist-who-doused-kellie-jay-keen-with-tomato-sauce/222889 |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Star Observer |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Afrilun 2023, lauyan Rubashkyn ya shigar da kara a madadinta, tare da komawa kotu a watan Yuli. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=2023-04-05 |title=Protester pleads not guilty to assault after throwing juice on Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/crime/300848339/protester-pleads-not-guilty-to-assault-after-throwing-juice-on-posie-parker |access-date=2023-04-06 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 20 ga watan Satumba, lauyan Rubashkyn James Olsen ya nemi a soke tuhumar da ake yi mata a kotun gundumar Auckland. Keen-Minshull ta kwaɗaitar da magoya bayanta da su taru a kusa da kotun ta kafafen sada zumunta; Bayan ta yi watsi da shirin tafiya na biyu zuwa New Zealand saboda matsalolin tsaro. Magoya bayan Keen-Minshull da suka haɗa da kungiyar "Bari mace ta yi magana" sun haɗu da mambobin kungiyar Trans Liberation Alliance (TLA) da suka taru a kotun St Patrick da ke kusa da kotun gundumar Auckland. Wannan zanga-zangar ta kasance cikin lumana tare da ‘yan sanda sun raba kungiyoyin biyu. Olsen ya bayar da hujjar cewa ya kamata a yi watsi da karar tun da Keen-Minshull ya ki gabatar da kara ko mika shaida ga ‘yan sanda. Dan sanda mai gabatar da kara Sajan Phil Mann ya nemi ya dogara da kalaman da Keen-Minshull ya yi na yin fim ga TVNZ bayan faruwar lamarin. Mai shari’a Claire Ryan ta ajiye hukuncinta har sai an saurari karar a watan Oktoba 2023. <ref name="NZH 21 Sep 2023" /> A ranar 26 ga watan Oktoba, alkalin kotun Ryan ya ki amincewa da yunkurin Rubashkyn na yin watsi da tuhumar da ake mata, ya kuma yanke hukuncin cewa za ta fuskanci shari'a kan laifuka biyu na cin zarafi da ake yi wa Keen-Minshull. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] <references /> kigg9zi322dj4zmzy35l853dusyjp3j 826570 826569 2026-04-26T07:53:36Z Pharouqenr 25549 826570 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Eliana Rubashkyn''' (an Haife ta a ranar 25 ga watan Yuni 1988) 'yar ƙasar [[New Zealand]] likitar harhaɗa magunguna ce kuma masaniya a fannin ilmin sinadarai,<ref name="Millane">{{Cite web |date=2019-11-14 |title='I'm sorry': Moment murder accused admitted Grace was dead |url=https://www.odt.co.nz/news/national/im-sorry-moment-murder-accused-admitted-grace-was-dead |access-date=2023-04-01 |website=Otago Daily Times Online News |language=en}}</ref> sananniya ce da kasancewa mace ta farko da aka ba wa namiji lokacin haihuwa da aka amince da shi a matsayin [[mace]] mai tsarin [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] a ƙarƙashin dokar 'yan gudun hijira ta duniya. An haife ta a Kolombiya, Rubashkyn ba ta da ƙasa a da.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=McGee |first=Thomas |date=2020 |title=Rainbow statelessness - between sexual citizenship and legal theory: Exploring the statelessness-LGBTIQ+ nexus. |url=https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/agispt.20221018075985 |journal=Statelessness & Citizenship Review |volume=2(1) |issue=2 |pages=64–85 |via=[[Informit (database)|Informit]]}}</ref> a halin yanzu tana aiki a matsayin jami'in shirye-shirye a duniya ta ILGA,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ælien Rubashkyn - ILGA World |url=https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907100944/https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |archive-date=7 September 2021 |access-date=7 September 2021}}</ref> kuma a matsayin masaniya a fannin kimiyyar rage cutar da ke haɓaka yakin neman hakkin ɗan adam na tallafi ga masu neman mafaka na LGBTI, 'yan gudun hijira da masu shiga tsakani a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ITANZ - Intersex Awareness New Zealand 2019 - Board Members |url=http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |access-date=2024-07-05 |archive-date=2019-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190911065353/http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> An amince [[Jinsi|da jinsin]] Rubashkyn a ƙarƙashin Yarjejeniyar [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] ta 1951 dangane da Matsayin 'Yan Gudun Hijira.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Human Rights Campaign 2014 |title=Hong Kong recognized Trans woman without Sex reassignment Surgery |url=http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006154905/http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=3 February 2015}}</ref> Shari'ar Rubashkyn ya ja hankalin kafafen yaɗa labarai na ƙasa da ƙasa da lauyoyi bayan cin zarafin da aka yi mata biyo bayan tsare ta a filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong saboda rashin jituwa tsakanin [[Asalin jinsi|jinsinta]] da hoton fasfo dinta, wanda ya haifar da shekaru da dama na rashin ƙasa a Hong Kong.  da kuma ƙasƙantar da ɗan adam zuwa cibiyoyin mafaka da yawa a cikin Yuen Long.<ref name="Misunderstood and Stateless">{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref><ref name="UNHCR">{{Cite web |title=Transgender Refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong |url=http://www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/refdaily?pass=463ef21123&id=533cf1698 |access-date=20 March 2014 |publisher=UNHCR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 April 2014 |title=Hong Kong is 'hell' Transgender postgrad student-turned-refugee struggles to be recognised as a woman |url=http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006110553/http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=gaystarnews.com}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta koma New Zealand a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira a cikin shekarar 2014, kuma an ba ta shaida ta ƙasar New Zealand a cikin shekarar 2018.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee says NZ paradise |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/transgender-refugee-says-nz-paradise/FOX7DUD3XTF4K6OWN72OH2FWPE/ |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2023, an tuhumi Rubashkyn da laifuffuka biyu na kai hari kan jefa ruwan [[tumatir]] a kan masu fafutuka Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull da Tania Suzanne Sturt a wata zanga-zangar adawa da ziyarar Keen-Minshull.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-14 |title=Posie Parker assault case: Tomato juice protester Eliana Golberstein pleads guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-assault-case-tomato-juice-protester-eli-rubashkyn-pleads-guilty/J4XEWQPOJZF4XP654KYDSJTX2Q/ |access-date=2024-06-14 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Rubashkyn a [[Kolombiya|Colombia]] ga mahaifiyar Bayahudiya 'yar ƙasar Yukren wacce ta koma can a shekarun 1970s. An haife ta tare da yanayin jima'i na rashin jin daɗi na androgen kuma an sanya shi namiji a lokacin haihuwa.<ref name="3news">{{Cite web |date=26 July 2015 |title=Gender refugee hopes for NZ citizenship |url=http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151225151833/http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |archive-date=25 December 2015 |access-date=23 December 2015 |publisher=3 Degrees - TV3 New Zealand}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Vesga |first=Alejandro |date=11 July 2015 |title=El purgatorio de una transgénero víctima de un pasaporte con sexo masculino |url=http://www.kienyke.com/historias/el-purgatorio-de-una-transgenero-victima-de-un-pasaporte-con-sexo-masculino/}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2011, Rubashkyn ta sami digirinta a fannin harhaɗa magunguna da [[Kimiyya|sinadarai]] a Jami'ar ƙasa ta Colombia, kuma tana magana da harsuna biyar sosai.<ref name=":3"/> Bayan ta yi karatun ilmin halitta a Jami'ar Granada, an ba ta guraben karatu don haɓaka karatun digiri na biyu a fannin kiwon lafiyar jama'a a Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta [[Taipei]], kuma a lokaci guda ta fara canjin yanayi da tabbatar da jinsi a [[Taiwan]]. Rubashkyn ta gano cewa caka mata wuka a Colombia ne ya sa ta yanke shawarar neman ilimi a wasu wurare. === Rashin kasa === A cikin shekara guda da fara maganin maye gurbin hormone, yanayin jikin Rubashkyn ya canza sosai saboda yanayin jima'i, kuma hukumomin shige da fice na Taiwan sun buƙaci ta sabunta fasfo ɗinta a ƙaramin ofishin jakadancin Colombia kafin ta fara shekara ta biyu na karatun masters. Ta yi tafiya zuwa [[Hong Kong]] don yin hakan, amma lokacin da ta isa cibiyar shige da fice ta filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong, an tsare ta sama da watanni takwas a tsare da kuma cibiyoyin ‘yan gudun hijira da dama saboda rashin sanin yanayin shari’arta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 March 2014 |title=The Colombian transgender woman stranded in Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/la-transgenero-colombiana-atrapada-en-hong-kong/381292-3 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong to be recognised as woman |url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1457021/transgender-refugee-goes-through-hell-hong-kong-be-recognised-woman |access-date=3 March 2014 |website=South China Morning Post}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=2020-02-28 |title=Making New Zealand Home: Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/national/programmes/afternoons/audio/2018736234/making-new-zealand-home-eliana-rubashkyn |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=RNZ |language=en-nz}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta sha fama da cin zarafi da cin zarafi da musgunawa akai-akai a wurare da dama da take rayuwa a ciki. An tsare ta a wani sashin kula da taɓin hankali na Asibitin Sarauniya Elizabeth da ke Kowloon, sakamakon wani yunkurin kashe kanta, bayan an yi mata wulakanci da lalata da ita.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Live Interview (In Spanish) on CNN after being released from her reclusion in Hong Kong and China |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UkEsMq5xKfA/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> Ta kasa neman mafaka don a ba ta kariya a matsayinta na 'yar gudun hijira a Hong Kong saboda gwamnati ba ta amince da yarjejeniyar 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ba, ta fuskanci kora, kuma ta fuskanci mugun hali a wurin da ake tsare da filin jirgin sama.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ƙi tuntuɓar ofishin jakadancinta na gida don hana fitar da ita saboda rashin taimakon diflomasiyya da suka bayar, kuma ta zama ''marar'' ƙasa a ranar 30 ga watan Oktoba 2012. Matsayin Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ya iyakance hulɗar iya yi da hukumomi daga gwamnatocin Colombia.<ref name=":4"/><ref>{{Cite web |title=Stuck in limbo the tragic story of the transgender refugee Eliana Rubashkyn |url=http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006162731/http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Time Out Hong Kong}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=1 April 2010 |title=UNHCR and De Facto Statelessness |url=http://www.unhcr.org/4bc2ddeb9.pdf |access-date=28 November 2017 |publisher=Hugh Massey, Senior Legal Adviser, UNHCR Geneva}}</ref> Tare da taimakon [[Amnesty International]] da hukumar kula da 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya (UNHCR), an ba ta matsayin [[Ƴan gudun hijira|'yan gudun hijira]];  duk da haka, saboda Hong Kong ba ta sanya hannu kan taron ƴan gudun hijira na 1951 ba, ba ta amince da ita a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ba kuma ta nemi a tura ta zuwa Colombia. Lamarin nata ya ja hankalin duniya, musamman a Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya da Kolombiya, inda ake yawan cin zarafi tsakanin maza da mata da maza da mata. An kuma lura da shari'arta a [[New Zealand]], ƙasar da aka sani da matsayinta game da daidaito ga mutanen LGBTI.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cơn ác mộng của người chuyển giới ở Hong Kong |url=http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006101242/http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=Hot News Vietnam}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=3 April 2014 |title=Transgender refugee stranded in Hong Kong describes struggle to be recognized as woman |url=http://shanghaiist.com/2014/04/03/transgender-refugee-hong-kong.php |access-date=3 April 2014 |publisher=Shanhaiist}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=La historia de Eliana, la joven transgénero que está atrapada en Hong Kong |url=http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141010092822/http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |archive-date=10 October 2014 |access-date=29 March 2014 |publisher=Diario El País}}</ref> A watan Disamba na shekarar 2013, Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta ba da mafita ta hanyar amincewa Rubashkyn a matsayin mace a ƙarƙashin tsarin 'yan gudun hijira na UNHCR. Ta zama mace ta farko da aka amince da ita a matsayin mace a [[Sin|China]] ko Hong Kong ba tare da an yi mata tiyatar sake aikin jima'i ba ko kuma ta hanyar likita.<ref>{{Cite web |last=caracol.com.co |title=Transexual reconocida como mujer en China |url=http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006102218/http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 January 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=行街紙隱去性別未變性博士准住女病房 |url=http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/news/art/20140315/18657221 |access-date=2 January 2014 |publisher=Apple Daily Hong Kong}}</ref> Wani labari na [[CNN]] game da gwagwarmayar ta da kuma ɗan gajeren fim game da rayuwarta a Hong Kong ta sami lambar yabo ta GLAAD Media Award a watan Mayu 2015. === Maidowa === A cikin watan Mayun 2014, New Zealand ta karɓi Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira kuma ta ba ta mafaka, ta ƙara fahimtar jinsinta a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 July 2014 |title=En libertad la transgénero presa en Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/eliana-rubashkyn-transgenero-colombiana-en-hong-kong-quedo-libre/394176-3 |access-date=5 January 2015 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref> Shari'arta ita ce ta farko a duniya da aka amince da jinsin mutum a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Eliana Rubashkyn. First case of International gender recognition through asylum |url=http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006140105/http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=Fundacion Triangulo}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Transexual colombiana atrapada en Hong Kong recibe refugio en Nueva Zelanda |url=http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006125201/http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=RCN}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2015, auren Rubashkyn ya sami kulawar kafofin watsa labaru mai mahimmanci lokacin da magatakarda na NZ na Aure ya nemi mataccen suna Rubashkyn, tare da sunanta na shari'a, don yin rajistar auren. A cikin shekarar 2019, Rubashkyn ya ba da shaida a matsayin wani ɓangare na binciken kisan Grace Millane, bayan da ta fahimci cewa ta yi wa wanda ake tuhuma hidima a wani kantin magani na Auckland.<ref name="Millane"/> == Sana'a == Tun lokacin da aka sake ta a New Zealand, Rubashkyn ta yi aiki a matsayin mai harhaɗa magunguna kuma tana da hannu cikin ayyukan bayar da shawarwari da yawa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ministry seeks feedback on draft vaping regulations, while pharmacy sales slow |url=https://www.pharmacytoday.co.nz/article/ministry-seeks-feedback-draft-vaping-regulations-while-pharmacy-sales-slow |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Pharmacy Today |language=en}}</ref> === Gwagwarmaya/Fafutuka === Rubashkyn ta ba da shawarar haƙƙoƙin 'yan gudun hijira da jima'i, transgender, da bambancin jinsi a New Zealand da kuma duniya baki ɗaya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rainbow refugees come to NZ to find safety, but say the system is not built for them |url=https://www.renews.co.nz/rainbow-refugees-come-to-nz-to-find-safety-but-say-the-system-is-not-built-for-them/ |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=www.renews.co.nz |language=en-US}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ba da gudummawa ga shirin ci gaban Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya da kuma Hukumar Kula da 'Yan Gudun Hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya a matsayinta na wacce ta kafa Rainbow Path Aotearoa New Zealand, wata kungiyar bayar da shawarwari ta 'yan gudun hijira ta LGBT. Yayin zanga-zangar adawa da Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull a [[Auckland]] a ranar 25 ga watan Maris 2023, Rubashkyn ta jefa ruwan tumatir a kan Keen-Minshull. Daga baya, Rubashkyn ta ba da rahoton samun barazanar kisa. Rubashkyn ta tafi Ostiraliya, sannan Amurka, tana mai cewa tana tsoron a kama ta a New Zealand.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice thrower says arrest warrant imminent |url=https://www.1news.co.nz/2023/03/29/posie-parker-juice-thrower-says-arrest-warrant-imminent/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=1 News |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title='I am scared': Posie Parker juice-thrower claims arrest warrant pending |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-tomato-juicer-eli-rubashkyn-says-arrest-warrant-likely-to-be-filed/T7LTM7JSFVHVDKOLE37BTVDVBY/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=reporter |first=Auckland |date=2023-03-30 |title=Police lay assault charge on woman who threw juice over Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/131647981/police-lay-assault-charge-on-woman-who-threw-juice-over-posie-parker |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> Daga baya 'yan sandan New Zealand sun tuhume ta da laifuffuka biyu na hari,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-en-route-for-new-york-after-arrest-claim/OBCY2CCNPJAULNQOHSQVCXX6Y4/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Franks |first=Raphael |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.newstalkzb.co.nz/news/national/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-charged-with-assault/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=ZB |language=en-nz}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> daya kirga kan lamarin ruwan tumatir da Keen-Minshull da kuma wani harin da aka kai wa wani daban, wanda ba a san ko wanene ba.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Woman accused of throwing juice over Posie Parker pleads not guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/woman-accused-of-throwing-juice-over-womens-rights-activist-posie-parker-pleads-not-guilty/QI24T5Z5BBCG5GDEDAP6I7KIEI/ |access-date=2023-04-07 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> Magoya bayan Rubashkyn sun tara sama da dala 15,000 a cikin makonni biyu da suka biyo bayan lamarin don biyan kuɗinta na shari'a. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Shibu |date=2023-03-31 |title=Fundraiser For NZ Trans Activist Who Doused Kellie-Jay Keen With Tomato Sauce |url=https://www.starobserver.com.au/news/international-news-news/fundraiser-for-nz-trans-activist-who-doused-kellie-jay-keen-with-tomato-sauce/222889 |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Star Observer |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Afrilun 2023, lauyan Rubashkyn ya shigar da kara a madadinta, tare da komawa kotu a watan Yuli. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=2023-04-05 |title=Protester pleads not guilty to assault after throwing juice on Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/crime/300848339/protester-pleads-not-guilty-to-assault-after-throwing-juice-on-posie-parker |access-date=2023-04-06 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 20 ga watan Satumba, lauyan Rubashkyn James Olsen ya nemi a soke tuhumar da ake yi mata a kotun gundumar Auckland. Keen-Minshull ta kwaɗaitar da magoya bayanta da su taru a kusa da kotun ta kafafen sada zumunta; Bayan ta yi watsi da shirin tafiya na biyu zuwa New Zealand saboda matsalolin tsaro. Magoya bayan Keen-Minshull da suka haɗa da kungiyar "Bari mace ta yi magana" sun haɗu da mambobin kungiyar Trans Liberation Alliance (TLA) da suka taru a kotun St Patrick da ke kusa da kotun gundumar Auckland. Wannan zanga-zangar ta kasance cikin lumana tare da ‘yan sanda sun raba kungiyoyin biyu. Olsen ya bayar da hujjar cewa ya kamata a yi watsi da karar tun da Keen-Minshull ya ki gabatar da kara ko mika shaida ga ‘yan sanda. Dan sanda mai gabatar da kara Sajan Phil Mann ya nemi ya dogara da kalaman da Keen-Minshull ya yi na yin fim ga TVNZ bayan faruwar lamarin. Mai shari’a Claire Ryan ta ajiye hukuncinta har sai an saurari karar a watan Oktoba 2023. <ref name="NZH 21 Sep 2023" /> A ranar 26 ga watan Oktoba, alkalin kotun Ryan ya ki amincewa da yunkurin Rubashkyn na yin watsi da tuhumar da ake mata, ya kuma yanke hukuncin cewa za ta fuskanci shari'a kan laifuka biyu na cin zarafi da ake yi wa Keen-Minshull. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] <references /> duox6cvv1k3dpfamepy699liaflfwg3 826572 826570 2026-04-26T07:53:56Z Pharouqenr 25549 826572 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Eliana Rubashkyn''' (an Haife ta a ranar 25 ga watan Yuni 1988) 'yar ƙasar [[New Zealand]] likitar harhaɗa magunguna ce kuma masaniya a fannin ilmin sinadarai,<ref name="Millane">{{Cite web |date=2019-11-14 |title='I'm sorry': Moment murder accused admitted Grace was dead |url=https://www.odt.co.nz/news/national/im-sorry-moment-murder-accused-admitted-grace-was-dead |access-date=2023-04-01 |website=Otago Daily Times Online News |language=en}}</ref> sananniya ce da kasancewa mace ta farko da aka ba wa namiji lokacin haihuwa da aka amince da shi a matsayin [[mace]] mai tsarin [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] a ƙarƙashin dokar 'yan gudun hijira ta duniya. An haife ta a Kolombiya, Rubashkyn ba ta da ƙasa a da.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=McGee |first=Thomas |date=2020 |title=Rainbow statelessness - between sexual citizenship and legal theory: Exploring the statelessness-LGBTIQ+ nexus. |url=https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/agispt.20221018075985 |journal=Statelessness & Citizenship Review |volume=2(1) |issue=2 |pages=64–85 |via=[[Informit (database)|Informit]]}}</ref> a halin yanzu tana aiki a matsayin jami'in shirye-shirye a duniya ta ILGA,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ælien Rubashkyn - ILGA World |url=https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907100944/https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |archive-date=7 September 2021 |access-date=7 September 2021}}</ref> kuma a matsayin masaniya a fannin kimiyyar rage cutar da ke haɓaka yakin neman hakkin ɗan adam na tallafi ga masu neman mafaka na LGBTI, 'yan gudun hijira da masu shiga tsakani a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ITANZ - Intersex Awareness New Zealand 2019 - Board Members |url=http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |access-date=2024-07-05 |archive-date=2019-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190911065353/http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> An amince [[Jinsi|da jinsin]] Rubashkyn a ƙarƙashin Yarjejeniyar [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] ta 1951 dangane da Matsayin 'Yan Gudun Hijira.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Human Rights Campaign 2014 |title=Hong Kong recognized Trans woman without Sex reassignment Surgery |url=http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006154905/http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=3 February 2015}}</ref> Shari'ar Rubashkyn ya ja hankalin kafafen yaɗa labarai na ƙasa da ƙasa da lauyoyi bayan cin zarafin da aka yi mata biyo bayan tsare ta a filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong saboda rashin jituwa tsakanin [[Asalin jinsi|jinsinta]] da hoton fasfo dinta, wanda ya haifar da shekaru da dama na rashin ƙasa a Hong Kong.  da kuma ƙasƙantar da ɗan adam zuwa cibiyoyin mafaka da yawa a cikin Yuen Long.<ref name="Misunderstood and Stateless">{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref><ref name="UNHCR">{{Cite web |title=Transgender Refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong |url=http://www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/refdaily?pass=463ef21123&id=533cf1698 |access-date=20 March 2014 |publisher=UNHCR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 April 2014 |title=Hong Kong is 'hell' Transgender postgrad student-turned-refugee struggles to be recognised as a woman |url=http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006110553/http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=gaystarnews.com}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta koma New Zealand a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira a cikin shekarar 2014, kuma an ba ta shaida ta ƙasar New Zealand a cikin shekarar 2018.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee says NZ paradise |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/transgender-refugee-says-nz-paradise/FOX7DUD3XTF4K6OWN72OH2FWPE/ |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2023, an tuhumi Rubashkyn da laifuffuka biyu na kai hari kan jefa ruwan [[tumatir]] a kan masu fafutuka Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull da Tania Suzanne Sturt a wata zanga-zangar adawa da ziyarar Keen-Minshull.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-14 |title=Posie Parker assault case: Tomato juice protester Eliana Golberstein pleads guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-assault-case-tomato-juice-protester-eli-rubashkyn-pleads-guilty/J4XEWQPOJZF4XP654KYDSJTX2Q/ |access-date=2024-06-14 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Rubashkyn a [[Kolombiya|Colombia]] ga mahaifiyar Bayahudiya 'yar ƙasar Yukren wacce ta koma can a shekarun 1970s. An haife ta tare da yanayin jima'i na rashin jin daɗi na androgen kuma an sanya shi namiji a lokacin haihuwa.<ref name="3news">{{Cite web |date=26 July 2015 |title=Gender refugee hopes for NZ citizenship |url=http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151225151833/http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |archive-date=25 December 2015 |access-date=23 December 2015 |publisher=3 Degrees - TV3 New Zealand}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Vesga |first=Alejandro |date=11 July 2015 |title=El purgatorio de una transgénero víctima de un pasaporte con sexo masculino |url=http://www.kienyke.com/historias/el-purgatorio-de-una-transgenero-victima-de-un-pasaporte-con-sexo-masculino/}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2011, Rubashkyn ta sami digirinta a fannin harhaɗa magunguna da [[Kimiyya|sinadarai]] a Jami'ar ƙasa ta Colombia, kuma tana magana da harsuna biyar sosai.<ref name=":3"/> Bayan ta yi karatun ilmin halitta a Jami'ar Granada, an ba ta guraben karatu don haɓaka karatun digiri na biyu a fannin kiwon lafiyar jama'a a Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta [[Taipei]], kuma a lokaci guda ta fara canjin yanayi da tabbatar da jinsi a [[Taiwan]]. Rubashkyn ta gano cewa caka mata wuka a Colombia ne ya sa ta yanke shawarar neman ilimi a wasu wurare. === Rashin kasa === A cikin shekara guda da fara maganin maye gurbin hormone, yanayin jikin Rubashkyn ya canza sosai saboda yanayin jima'i, kuma hukumomin shige da fice na Taiwan sun buƙaci ta sabunta fasfo ɗinta a ƙaramin ofishin jakadancin Colombia kafin ta fara shekara ta biyu na karatun masters. Ta yi tafiya zuwa [[Hong Kong]] don yin hakan, amma lokacin da ta isa cibiyar shige da fice ta filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong, an tsare ta sama da watanni takwas a tsare da kuma cibiyoyin ‘yan gudun hijira da dama saboda rashin sanin yanayin shari’arta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 March 2014 |title=The Colombian transgender woman stranded in Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/la-transgenero-colombiana-atrapada-en-hong-kong/381292-3 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong to be recognised as woman |url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1457021/transgender-refugee-goes-through-hell-hong-kong-be-recognised-woman |access-date=3 March 2014 |website=South China Morning Post}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=2020-02-28 |title=Making New Zealand Home: Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/national/programmes/afternoons/audio/2018736234/making-new-zealand-home-eliana-rubashkyn |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=RNZ |language=en-nz}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta sha fama da cin zarafi da cin zarafi da musgunawa akai-akai a wurare da dama da take rayuwa a ciki. An tsare ta a wani sashin kula da taɓin hankali na Asibitin Sarauniya Elizabeth da ke Kowloon, sakamakon wani yunkurin kashe kanta, bayan an yi mata wulakanci da lalata da ita.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Live Interview (In Spanish) on CNN after being released from her reclusion in Hong Kong and China |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UkEsMq5xKfA/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> Ta kasa neman mafaka don a ba ta kariya a matsayinta na 'yar gudun hijira a Hong Kong saboda gwamnati ba ta amince da yarjejeniyar 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ba, ta fuskanci kora, kuma ta fuskanci mugun hali a wurin da ake tsare da filin jirgin sama.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ƙi tuntuɓar ofishin jakadancinta na gida don hana fitar da ita saboda rashin taimakon diflomasiyya da suka bayar, kuma ta zama ''marar'' ƙasa a ranar 30 ga watan Oktoba 2012. Matsayin Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ya iyakance hulɗar iya yi da hukumomi daga gwamnatocin Colombia.<ref name=":4"/><ref>{{Cite web |title=Stuck in limbo the tragic story of the transgender refugee Eliana Rubashkyn |url=http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006162731/http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Time Out Hong Kong}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=1 April 2010 |title=UNHCR and De Facto Statelessness |url=http://www.unhcr.org/4bc2ddeb9.pdf |access-date=28 November 2017 |publisher=Hugh Massey, Senior Legal Adviser, UNHCR Geneva}}</ref> Tare da taimakon [[Amnesty International]] da hukumar kula da 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya (UNHCR), an ba ta matsayin [[Ƴan gudun hijira|'yan gudun hijira]];  duk da haka, saboda Hong Kong ba ta sanya hannu kan taron ƴan gudun hijira na 1951 ba, ba ta amince da ita a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ba kuma ta nemi a tura ta zuwa Colombia. Lamarin nata ya ja hankalin duniya, musamman a Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya da Kolombiya, inda ake yawan cin zarafi tsakanin maza da mata da maza da mata. An kuma lura da shari'arta a [[New Zealand]], ƙasar da aka sani da matsayinta game da daidaito ga mutanen LGBTI.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cơn ác mộng của người chuyển giới ở Hong Kong |url=http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006101242/http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=Hot News Vietnam}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=3 April 2014 |title=Transgender refugee stranded in Hong Kong describes struggle to be recognized as woman |url=http://shanghaiist.com/2014/04/03/transgender-refugee-hong-kong.php |access-date=3 April 2014 |publisher=Shanhaiist}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=La historia de Eliana, la joven transgénero que está atrapada en Hong Kong |url=http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141010092822/http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |archive-date=10 October 2014 |access-date=29 March 2014 |publisher=Diario El País}}</ref> A watan Disamba na shekarar 2013, Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta ba da mafita ta hanyar amincewa Rubashkyn a matsayin mace a ƙarƙashin tsarin 'yan gudun hijira na UNHCR. Ta zama mace ta farko da aka amince da ita a matsayin mace a [[Sin|China]] ko Hong Kong ba tare da an yi mata tiyatar sake aikin jima'i ba ko kuma ta hanyar likita.<ref>{{Cite web |last=caracol.com.co |title=Transexual reconocida como mujer en China |url=http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006102218/http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 January 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=行街紙隱去性別未變性博士准住女病房 |url=http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/news/art/20140315/18657221 |access-date=2 January 2014 |publisher=Apple Daily Hong Kong}}</ref> Wani labari na [[CNN]] game da gwagwarmayar ta da kuma ɗan gajeren fim game da rayuwarta a Hong Kong ta sami lambar yabo ta GLAAD Media Award a watan Mayu 2015. === Maidowa === A cikin watan Mayun 2014, New Zealand ta karɓi Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira kuma ta ba ta mafaka, ta ƙara fahimtar jinsinta a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 July 2014 |title=En libertad la transgénero presa en Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/eliana-rubashkyn-transgenero-colombiana-en-hong-kong-quedo-libre/394176-3 |access-date=5 January 2015 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref> Shari'arta ita ce ta farko a duniya da aka amince da jinsin mutum a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Eliana Rubashkyn. First case of International gender recognition through asylum |url=http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006140105/http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=Fundacion Triangulo}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Transexual colombiana atrapada en Hong Kong recibe refugio en Nueva Zelanda |url=http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006125201/http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=RCN}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2015, auren Rubashkyn ya sami kulawar kafofin watsa labaru mai mahimmanci lokacin da magatakarda na NZ na Aure ya nemi mataccen suna Rubashkyn, tare da sunanta na shari'a, don yin rajistar auren. A cikin shekarar 2019, Rubashkyn ya ba da shaida a matsayin wani ɓangare na binciken kisan Grace Millane, bayan da ta fahimci cewa ta yi wa wanda ake tuhuma hidima a wani kantin magani na Auckland.<ref name="Millane"/> == Sana'a == Tun lokacin da aka sake ta a New Zealand, Rubashkyn ta yi aiki a matsayin mai harhaɗa magunguna kuma tana da hannu cikin ayyukan bayar da shawarwari da yawa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ministry seeks feedback on draft vaping regulations, while pharmacy sales slow |url=https://www.pharmacytoday.co.nz/article/ministry-seeks-feedback-draft-vaping-regulations-while-pharmacy-sales-slow |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Pharmacy Today |language=en}}</ref> === Gwagwarmaya/Fafutuka === Rubashkyn ta ba da shawarar haƙƙoƙin 'yan gudun hijira da jima'i, transgender, da bambancin jinsi a New Zealand da kuma duniya baki ɗaya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rainbow refugees come to NZ to find safety, but say the system is not built for them |url=https://www.renews.co.nz/rainbow-refugees-come-to-nz-to-find-safety-but-say-the-system-is-not-built-for-them/ |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=www.renews.co.nz |language=en-US}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ba da gudummawa ga shirin ci gaban Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya da kuma Hukumar Kula da 'Yan Gudun Hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya a matsayinta na wacce ta kafa Rainbow Path Aotearoa New Zealand, wata kungiyar bayar da shawarwari ta 'yan gudun hijira ta LGBT. Yayin zanga-zangar adawa da Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull a [[Auckland]] a ranar 25 ga watan Maris 2023, Rubashkyn ta jefa ruwan tumatir a kan Keen-Minshull. Daga baya, Rubashkyn ta ba da rahoton samun barazanar kisa. Rubashkyn ta tafi Ostiraliya, sannan Amurka, tana mai cewa tana tsoron a kama ta a New Zealand.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice thrower says arrest warrant imminent |url=https://www.1news.co.nz/2023/03/29/posie-parker-juice-thrower-says-arrest-warrant-imminent/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=1 News |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title='I am scared': Posie Parker juice-thrower claims arrest warrant pending |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-tomato-juicer-eli-rubashkyn-says-arrest-warrant-likely-to-be-filed/T7LTM7JSFVHVDKOLE37BTVDVBY/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=reporter |first=Auckland |date=2023-03-30 |title=Police lay assault charge on woman who threw juice over Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/131647981/police-lay-assault-charge-on-woman-who-threw-juice-over-posie-parker |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> Daga baya 'yan sandan New Zealand sun tuhume ta da laifuffuka biyu na hari,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-en-route-for-new-york-after-arrest-claim/OBCY2CCNPJAULNQOHSQVCXX6Y4/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Franks |first=Raphael |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.newstalkzb.co.nz/news/national/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-charged-with-assault/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=ZB |language=en-nz}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> daya kirga kan lamarin ruwan tumatir da Keen-Minshull da kuma wani harin da aka kai wa wani daban, wanda ba a san ko wanene ba.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Woman accused of throwing juice over Posie Parker pleads not guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/woman-accused-of-throwing-juice-over-womens-rights-activist-posie-parker-pleads-not-guilty/QI24T5Z5BBCG5GDEDAP6I7KIEI/ |access-date=2023-04-07 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> Magoya bayan Rubashkyn sun tara sama da dala 15,000 a cikin makonni biyu da suka biyo bayan lamarin don biyan kuɗinta na shari'a.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Shibu |date=2023-03-31 |title=Fundraiser For NZ Trans Activist Who Doused Kellie-Jay Keen With Tomato Sauce |url=https://www.starobserver.com.au/news/international-news-news/fundraiser-for-nz-trans-activist-who-doused-kellie-jay-keen-with-tomato-sauce/222889 |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Star Observer |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Afrilun 2023, lauyan Rubashkyn ya shigar da kara a madadinta, tare da komawa kotu a watan Yuli. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=2023-04-05 |title=Protester pleads not guilty to assault after throwing juice on Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/crime/300848339/protester-pleads-not-guilty-to-assault-after-throwing-juice-on-posie-parker |access-date=2023-04-06 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 20 ga watan Satumba, lauyan Rubashkyn James Olsen ya nemi a soke tuhumar da ake yi mata a kotun gundumar Auckland. Keen-Minshull ta kwaɗaitar da magoya bayanta da su taru a kusa da kotun ta kafafen sada zumunta; Bayan ta yi watsi da shirin tafiya na biyu zuwa New Zealand saboda matsalolin tsaro. Magoya bayan Keen-Minshull da suka haɗa da kungiyar "Bari mace ta yi magana" sun haɗu da mambobin kungiyar Trans Liberation Alliance (TLA) da suka taru a kotun St Patrick da ke kusa da kotun gundumar Auckland. Wannan zanga-zangar ta kasance cikin lumana tare da ‘yan sanda sun raba kungiyoyin biyu. Olsen ya bayar da hujjar cewa ya kamata a yi watsi da karar tun da Keen-Minshull ya ki gabatar da kara ko mika shaida ga ‘yan sanda. Dan sanda mai gabatar da kara Sajan Phil Mann ya nemi ya dogara da kalaman da Keen-Minshull ya yi na yin fim ga TVNZ bayan faruwar lamarin. Mai shari’a Claire Ryan ta ajiye hukuncinta har sai an saurari karar a watan Oktoba 2023. <ref name="NZH 21 Sep 2023" /> A ranar 26 ga watan Oktoba, alkalin kotun Ryan ya ki amincewa da yunkurin Rubashkyn na yin watsi da tuhumar da ake mata, ya kuma yanke hukuncin cewa za ta fuskanci shari'a kan laifuka biyu na cin zarafi da ake yi wa Keen-Minshull. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] <references /> lraqajrcfqdx5uwyrnxklfsq8zmi7nk 826573 826572 2026-04-26T07:54:24Z Pharouqenr 25549 826573 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Eliana Rubashkyn''' (an Haife ta a ranar 25 ga watan Yuni 1988) 'yar ƙasar [[New Zealand]] likitar harhaɗa magunguna ce kuma masaniya a fannin ilmin sinadarai,<ref name="Millane">{{Cite web |date=2019-11-14 |title='I'm sorry': Moment murder accused admitted Grace was dead |url=https://www.odt.co.nz/news/national/im-sorry-moment-murder-accused-admitted-grace-was-dead |access-date=2023-04-01 |website=Otago Daily Times Online News |language=en}}</ref> sananniya ce da kasancewa mace ta farko da aka ba wa namiji lokacin haihuwa da aka amince da shi a matsayin [[mace]] mai tsarin [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] a ƙarƙashin dokar 'yan gudun hijira ta duniya. An haife ta a Kolombiya, Rubashkyn ba ta da ƙasa a da.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=McGee |first=Thomas |date=2020 |title=Rainbow statelessness - between sexual citizenship and legal theory: Exploring the statelessness-LGBTIQ+ nexus. |url=https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/agispt.20221018075985 |journal=Statelessness & Citizenship Review |volume=2(1) |issue=2 |pages=64–85 |via=[[Informit (database)|Informit]]}}</ref> a halin yanzu tana aiki a matsayin jami'in shirye-shirye a duniya ta ILGA,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ælien Rubashkyn - ILGA World |url=https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907100944/https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |archive-date=7 September 2021 |access-date=7 September 2021}}</ref> kuma a matsayin masaniya a fannin kimiyyar rage cutar da ke haɓaka yakin neman hakkin ɗan adam na tallafi ga masu neman mafaka na LGBTI, 'yan gudun hijira da masu shiga tsakani a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ITANZ - Intersex Awareness New Zealand 2019 - Board Members |url=http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |access-date=2024-07-05 |archive-date=2019-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190911065353/http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> An amince [[Jinsi|da jinsin]] Rubashkyn a ƙarƙashin Yarjejeniyar [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] ta 1951 dangane da Matsayin 'Yan Gudun Hijira.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Human Rights Campaign 2014 |title=Hong Kong recognized Trans woman without Sex reassignment Surgery |url=http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006154905/http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=3 February 2015}}</ref> Shari'ar Rubashkyn ya ja hankalin kafafen yaɗa labarai na ƙasa da ƙasa da lauyoyi bayan cin zarafin da aka yi mata biyo bayan tsare ta a filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong saboda rashin jituwa tsakanin [[Asalin jinsi|jinsinta]] da hoton fasfo dinta, wanda ya haifar da shekaru da dama na rashin ƙasa a Hong Kong.  da kuma ƙasƙantar da ɗan adam zuwa cibiyoyin mafaka da yawa a cikin Yuen Long.<ref name="Misunderstood and Stateless">{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref><ref name="UNHCR">{{Cite web |title=Transgender Refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong |url=http://www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/refdaily?pass=463ef21123&id=533cf1698 |access-date=20 March 2014 |publisher=UNHCR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 April 2014 |title=Hong Kong is 'hell' Transgender postgrad student-turned-refugee struggles to be recognised as a woman |url=http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006110553/http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=gaystarnews.com}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta koma New Zealand a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira a cikin shekarar 2014, kuma an ba ta shaida ta ƙasar New Zealand a cikin shekarar 2018.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee says NZ paradise |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/transgender-refugee-says-nz-paradise/FOX7DUD3XTF4K6OWN72OH2FWPE/ |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2023, an tuhumi Rubashkyn da laifuffuka biyu na kai hari kan jefa ruwan [[tumatir]] a kan masu fafutuka Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull da Tania Suzanne Sturt a wata zanga-zangar adawa da ziyarar Keen-Minshull.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-14 |title=Posie Parker assault case: Tomato juice protester Eliana Golberstein pleads guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-assault-case-tomato-juice-protester-eli-rubashkyn-pleads-guilty/J4XEWQPOJZF4XP654KYDSJTX2Q/ |access-date=2024-06-14 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Rubashkyn a [[Kolombiya|Colombia]] ga mahaifiyar Bayahudiya 'yar ƙasar Yukren wacce ta koma can a shekarun 1970s. An haife ta tare da yanayin jima'i na rashin jin daɗi na androgen kuma an sanya shi namiji a lokacin haihuwa.<ref name="3news">{{Cite web |date=26 July 2015 |title=Gender refugee hopes for NZ citizenship |url=http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151225151833/http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |archive-date=25 December 2015 |access-date=23 December 2015 |publisher=3 Degrees - TV3 New Zealand}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Vesga |first=Alejandro |date=11 July 2015 |title=El purgatorio de una transgénero víctima de un pasaporte con sexo masculino |url=http://www.kienyke.com/historias/el-purgatorio-de-una-transgenero-victima-de-un-pasaporte-con-sexo-masculino/}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2011, Rubashkyn ta sami digirinta a fannin harhaɗa magunguna da [[Kimiyya|sinadarai]] a Jami'ar ƙasa ta Colombia, kuma tana magana da harsuna biyar sosai.<ref name=":3"/> Bayan ta yi karatun ilmin halitta a Jami'ar Granada, an ba ta guraben karatu don haɓaka karatun digiri na biyu a fannin kiwon lafiyar jama'a a Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta [[Taipei]], kuma a lokaci guda ta fara canjin yanayi da tabbatar da jinsi a [[Taiwan]]. Rubashkyn ta gano cewa caka mata wuka a Colombia ne ya sa ta yanke shawarar neman ilimi a wasu wurare. === Rashin kasa === A cikin shekara guda da fara maganin maye gurbin hormone, yanayin jikin Rubashkyn ya canza sosai saboda yanayin jima'i, kuma hukumomin shige da fice na Taiwan sun buƙaci ta sabunta fasfo ɗinta a ƙaramin ofishin jakadancin Colombia kafin ta fara shekara ta biyu na karatun masters. Ta yi tafiya zuwa [[Hong Kong]] don yin hakan, amma lokacin da ta isa cibiyar shige da fice ta filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong, an tsare ta sama da watanni takwas a tsare da kuma cibiyoyin ‘yan gudun hijira da dama saboda rashin sanin yanayin shari’arta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 March 2014 |title=The Colombian transgender woman stranded in Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/la-transgenero-colombiana-atrapada-en-hong-kong/381292-3 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong to be recognised as woman |url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1457021/transgender-refugee-goes-through-hell-hong-kong-be-recognised-woman |access-date=3 March 2014 |website=South China Morning Post}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=2020-02-28 |title=Making New Zealand Home: Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/national/programmes/afternoons/audio/2018736234/making-new-zealand-home-eliana-rubashkyn |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=RNZ |language=en-nz}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta sha fama da cin zarafi da cin zarafi da musgunawa akai-akai a wurare da dama da take rayuwa a ciki. An tsare ta a wani sashin kula da taɓin hankali na Asibitin Sarauniya Elizabeth da ke Kowloon, sakamakon wani yunkurin kashe kanta, bayan an yi mata wulakanci da lalata da ita.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Live Interview (In Spanish) on CNN after being released from her reclusion in Hong Kong and China |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UkEsMq5xKfA/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> Ta kasa neman mafaka don a ba ta kariya a matsayinta na 'yar gudun hijira a Hong Kong saboda gwamnati ba ta amince da yarjejeniyar 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ba, ta fuskanci kora, kuma ta fuskanci mugun hali a wurin da ake tsare da filin jirgin sama.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ƙi tuntuɓar ofishin jakadancinta na gida don hana fitar da ita saboda rashin taimakon diflomasiyya da suka bayar, kuma ta zama ''marar'' ƙasa a ranar 30 ga watan Oktoba 2012. Matsayin Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ya iyakance hulɗar iya yi da hukumomi daga gwamnatocin Colombia.<ref name=":4"/><ref>{{Cite web |title=Stuck in limbo the tragic story of the transgender refugee Eliana Rubashkyn |url=http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006162731/http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Time Out Hong Kong}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=1 April 2010 |title=UNHCR and De Facto Statelessness |url=http://www.unhcr.org/4bc2ddeb9.pdf |access-date=28 November 2017 |publisher=Hugh Massey, Senior Legal Adviser, UNHCR Geneva}}</ref> Tare da taimakon [[Amnesty International]] da hukumar kula da 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya (UNHCR), an ba ta matsayin [[Ƴan gudun hijira|'yan gudun hijira]];  duk da haka, saboda Hong Kong ba ta sanya hannu kan taron ƴan gudun hijira na 1951 ba, ba ta amince da ita a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ba kuma ta nemi a tura ta zuwa Colombia. Lamarin nata ya ja hankalin duniya, musamman a Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya da Kolombiya, inda ake yawan cin zarafi tsakanin maza da mata da maza da mata. An kuma lura da shari'arta a [[New Zealand]], ƙasar da aka sani da matsayinta game da daidaito ga mutanen LGBTI.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cơn ác mộng của người chuyển giới ở Hong Kong |url=http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006101242/http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=Hot News Vietnam}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=3 April 2014 |title=Transgender refugee stranded in Hong Kong describes struggle to be recognized as woman |url=http://shanghaiist.com/2014/04/03/transgender-refugee-hong-kong.php |access-date=3 April 2014 |publisher=Shanhaiist}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=La historia de Eliana, la joven transgénero que está atrapada en Hong Kong |url=http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141010092822/http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |archive-date=10 October 2014 |access-date=29 March 2014 |publisher=Diario El País}}</ref> A watan Disamba na shekarar 2013, Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta ba da mafita ta hanyar amincewa Rubashkyn a matsayin mace a ƙarƙashin tsarin 'yan gudun hijira na UNHCR. Ta zama mace ta farko da aka amince da ita a matsayin mace a [[Sin|China]] ko Hong Kong ba tare da an yi mata tiyatar sake aikin jima'i ba ko kuma ta hanyar likita.<ref>{{Cite web |last=caracol.com.co |title=Transexual reconocida como mujer en China |url=http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006102218/http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 January 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=行街紙隱去性別未變性博士准住女病房 |url=http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/news/art/20140315/18657221 |access-date=2 January 2014 |publisher=Apple Daily Hong Kong}}</ref> Wani labari na [[CNN]] game da gwagwarmayar ta da kuma ɗan gajeren fim game da rayuwarta a Hong Kong ta sami lambar yabo ta GLAAD Media Award a watan Mayu 2015. === Maidowa === A cikin watan Mayun 2014, New Zealand ta karɓi Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira kuma ta ba ta mafaka, ta ƙara fahimtar jinsinta a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 July 2014 |title=En libertad la transgénero presa en Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/eliana-rubashkyn-transgenero-colombiana-en-hong-kong-quedo-libre/394176-3 |access-date=5 January 2015 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref> Shari'arta ita ce ta farko a duniya da aka amince da jinsin mutum a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Eliana Rubashkyn. First case of International gender recognition through asylum |url=http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006140105/http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=Fundacion Triangulo}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Transexual colombiana atrapada en Hong Kong recibe refugio en Nueva Zelanda |url=http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006125201/http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=RCN}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2015, auren Rubashkyn ya sami kulawar kafofin watsa labaru mai mahimmanci lokacin da magatakarda na NZ na Aure ya nemi mataccen suna Rubashkyn, tare da sunanta na shari'a, don yin rajistar auren. A cikin shekarar 2019, Rubashkyn ya ba da shaida a matsayin wani ɓangare na binciken kisan Grace Millane, bayan da ta fahimci cewa ta yi wa wanda ake tuhuma hidima a wani kantin magani na Auckland.<ref name="Millane"/> == Sana'a == Tun lokacin da aka sake ta a New Zealand, Rubashkyn ta yi aiki a matsayin mai harhaɗa magunguna kuma tana da hannu cikin ayyukan bayar da shawarwari da yawa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ministry seeks feedback on draft vaping regulations, while pharmacy sales slow |url=https://www.pharmacytoday.co.nz/article/ministry-seeks-feedback-draft-vaping-regulations-while-pharmacy-sales-slow |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Pharmacy Today |language=en}}</ref> === Gwagwarmaya/Fafutuka === Rubashkyn ta ba da shawarar haƙƙoƙin 'yan gudun hijira da jima'i, transgender, da bambancin jinsi a New Zealand da kuma duniya baki ɗaya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rainbow refugees come to NZ to find safety, but say the system is not built for them |url=https://www.renews.co.nz/rainbow-refugees-come-to-nz-to-find-safety-but-say-the-system-is-not-built-for-them/ |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=www.renews.co.nz |language=en-US}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ba da gudummawa ga shirin ci gaban Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya da kuma Hukumar Kula da 'Yan Gudun Hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya a matsayinta na wacce ta kafa Rainbow Path Aotearoa New Zealand, wata kungiyar bayar da shawarwari ta 'yan gudun hijira ta LGBT. Yayin zanga-zangar adawa da Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull a [[Auckland]] a ranar 25 ga watan Maris 2023, Rubashkyn ta jefa ruwan tumatir a kan Keen-Minshull. Daga baya, Rubashkyn ta ba da rahoton samun barazanar kisa. Rubashkyn ta tafi Ostiraliya, sannan Amurka, tana mai cewa tana tsoron a kama ta a New Zealand.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice thrower says arrest warrant imminent |url=https://www.1news.co.nz/2023/03/29/posie-parker-juice-thrower-says-arrest-warrant-imminent/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=1 News |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title='I am scared': Posie Parker juice-thrower claims arrest warrant pending |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-tomato-juicer-eli-rubashkyn-says-arrest-warrant-likely-to-be-filed/T7LTM7JSFVHVDKOLE37BTVDVBY/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=reporter |first=Auckland |date=2023-03-30 |title=Police lay assault charge on woman who threw juice over Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/131647981/police-lay-assault-charge-on-woman-who-threw-juice-over-posie-parker |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> Daga baya 'yan sandan New Zealand sun tuhume ta da laifuffuka biyu na hari,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-en-route-for-new-york-after-arrest-claim/OBCY2CCNPJAULNQOHSQVCXX6Y4/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Franks |first=Raphael |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.newstalkzb.co.nz/news/national/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-charged-with-assault/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=ZB |language=en-nz}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> daya kirga kan lamarin ruwan tumatir da Keen-Minshull da kuma wani harin da aka kai wa wani daban, wanda ba a san ko wanene ba.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Woman accused of throwing juice over Posie Parker pleads not guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/woman-accused-of-throwing-juice-over-womens-rights-activist-posie-parker-pleads-not-guilty/QI24T5Z5BBCG5GDEDAP6I7KIEI/ |access-date=2023-04-07 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> Magoya bayan Rubashkyn sun tara sama da dala 15,000 a cikin makonni biyu da suka biyo bayan lamarin don biyan kuɗinta na shari'a.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Shibu |date=2023-03-31 |title=Fundraiser For NZ Trans Activist Who Doused Kellie-Jay Keen With Tomato Sauce |url=https://www.starobserver.com.au/news/international-news-news/fundraiser-for-nz-trans-activist-who-doused-kellie-jay-keen-with-tomato-sauce/222889 |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Star Observer |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Afrilun 2023, lauyan Rubashkyn ya shigar da kara a madadinta, tare da komawa kotu a watan Yuli.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=2023-04-05 |title=Protester pleads not guilty to assault after throwing juice on Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/crime/300848339/protester-pleads-not-guilty-to-assault-after-throwing-juice-on-posie-parker |access-date=2023-04-06 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 20 ga watan Satumba, lauyan Rubashkyn James Olsen ya nemi a soke tuhumar da ake yi mata a kotun gundumar Auckland. Keen-Minshull ta kwaɗaitar da magoya bayanta da su taru a kusa da kotun ta kafafen sada zumunta; Bayan ta yi watsi da shirin tafiya na biyu zuwa New Zealand saboda matsalolin tsaro. Magoya bayan Keen-Minshull da suka haɗa da kungiyar "Bari mace ta yi magana" sun haɗu da mambobin kungiyar Trans Liberation Alliance (TLA) da suka taru a kotun St Patrick da ke kusa da kotun gundumar Auckland. Wannan zanga-zangar ta kasance cikin lumana tare da ‘yan sanda sun raba kungiyoyin biyu. Olsen ya bayar da hujjar cewa ya kamata a yi watsi da karar tun da Keen-Minshull ya ki gabatar da kara ko mika shaida ga ‘yan sanda. Dan sanda mai gabatar da kara Sajan Phil Mann ya nemi ya dogara da kalaman da Keen-Minshull ya yi na yin fim ga TVNZ bayan faruwar lamarin. Mai shari’a Claire Ryan ta ajiye hukuncinta har sai an saurari karar a watan Oktoba 2023. <ref name="NZH 21 Sep 2023" /> A ranar 26 ga watan Oktoba, alkalin kotun Ryan ya ki amincewa da yunkurin Rubashkyn na yin watsi da tuhumar da ake mata, ya kuma yanke hukuncin cewa za ta fuskanci shari'a kan laifuka biyu na cin zarafi da ake yi wa Keen-Minshull. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] <references /> q75i6a8h3zivola7d3eba1emcjki3wq 826574 826573 2026-04-26T07:54:47Z Pharouqenr 25549 826574 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Eliana Rubashkyn''' (an Haife ta a ranar 25 ga watan Yuni 1988) 'yar ƙasar [[New Zealand]] likitar harhaɗa magunguna ce kuma masaniya a fannin ilmin sinadarai,<ref name="Millane">{{Cite web |date=2019-11-14 |title='I'm sorry': Moment murder accused admitted Grace was dead |url=https://www.odt.co.nz/news/national/im-sorry-moment-murder-accused-admitted-grace-was-dead |access-date=2023-04-01 |website=Otago Daily Times Online News |language=en}}</ref> sananniya ce da kasancewa mace ta farko da aka ba wa namiji lokacin haihuwa da aka amince da shi a matsayin [[mace]] mai tsarin [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] a ƙarƙashin dokar 'yan gudun hijira ta duniya. An haife ta a Kolombiya, Rubashkyn ba ta da ƙasa a da.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=McGee |first=Thomas |date=2020 |title=Rainbow statelessness - between sexual citizenship and legal theory: Exploring the statelessness-LGBTIQ+ nexus. |url=https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/agispt.20221018075985 |journal=Statelessness & Citizenship Review |volume=2(1) |issue=2 |pages=64–85 |via=[[Informit (database)|Informit]]}}</ref> a halin yanzu tana aiki a matsayin jami'in shirye-shirye a duniya ta ILGA,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ælien Rubashkyn - ILGA World |url=https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907100944/https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |archive-date=7 September 2021 |access-date=7 September 2021}}</ref> kuma a matsayin masaniya a fannin kimiyyar rage cutar da ke haɓaka yakin neman hakkin ɗan adam na tallafi ga masu neman mafaka na LGBTI, 'yan gudun hijira da masu shiga tsakani a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ITANZ - Intersex Awareness New Zealand 2019 - Board Members |url=http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |access-date=2024-07-05 |archive-date=2019-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190911065353/http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> An amince [[Jinsi|da jinsin]] Rubashkyn a ƙarƙashin Yarjejeniyar [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] ta 1951 dangane da Matsayin 'Yan Gudun Hijira.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Human Rights Campaign 2014 |title=Hong Kong recognized Trans woman without Sex reassignment Surgery |url=http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006154905/http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=3 February 2015}}</ref> Shari'ar Rubashkyn ya ja hankalin kafafen yaɗa labarai na ƙasa da ƙasa da lauyoyi bayan cin zarafin da aka yi mata biyo bayan tsare ta a filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong saboda rashin jituwa tsakanin [[Asalin jinsi|jinsinta]] da hoton fasfo dinta, wanda ya haifar da shekaru da dama na rashin ƙasa a Hong Kong.  da kuma ƙasƙantar da ɗan adam zuwa cibiyoyin mafaka da yawa a cikin Yuen Long.<ref name="Misunderstood and Stateless">{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref><ref name="UNHCR">{{Cite web |title=Transgender Refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong |url=http://www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/refdaily?pass=463ef21123&id=533cf1698 |access-date=20 March 2014 |publisher=UNHCR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 April 2014 |title=Hong Kong is 'hell' Transgender postgrad student-turned-refugee struggles to be recognised as a woman |url=http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006110553/http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=gaystarnews.com}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta koma New Zealand a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira a cikin shekarar 2014, kuma an ba ta shaida ta ƙasar New Zealand a cikin shekarar 2018.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee says NZ paradise |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/transgender-refugee-says-nz-paradise/FOX7DUD3XTF4K6OWN72OH2FWPE/ |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2023, an tuhumi Rubashkyn da laifuffuka biyu na kai hari kan jefa ruwan [[tumatir]] a kan masu fafutuka Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull da Tania Suzanne Sturt a wata zanga-zangar adawa da ziyarar Keen-Minshull.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-14 |title=Posie Parker assault case: Tomato juice protester Eliana Golberstein pleads guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-assault-case-tomato-juice-protester-eli-rubashkyn-pleads-guilty/J4XEWQPOJZF4XP654KYDSJTX2Q/ |access-date=2024-06-14 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Rubashkyn a [[Kolombiya|Colombia]] ga mahaifiyar Bayahudiya 'yar ƙasar Yukren wacce ta koma can a shekarun 1970s. An haife ta tare da yanayin jima'i na rashin jin daɗi na androgen kuma an sanya shi namiji a lokacin haihuwa.<ref name="3news">{{Cite web |date=26 July 2015 |title=Gender refugee hopes for NZ citizenship |url=http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151225151833/http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |archive-date=25 December 2015 |access-date=23 December 2015 |publisher=3 Degrees - TV3 New Zealand}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Vesga |first=Alejandro |date=11 July 2015 |title=El purgatorio de una transgénero víctima de un pasaporte con sexo masculino |url=http://www.kienyke.com/historias/el-purgatorio-de-una-transgenero-victima-de-un-pasaporte-con-sexo-masculino/}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2011, Rubashkyn ta sami digirinta a fannin harhaɗa magunguna da [[Kimiyya|sinadarai]] a Jami'ar ƙasa ta Colombia, kuma tana magana da harsuna biyar sosai.<ref name=":3"/> Bayan ta yi karatun ilmin halitta a Jami'ar Granada, an ba ta guraben karatu don haɓaka karatun digiri na biyu a fannin kiwon lafiyar jama'a a Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta [[Taipei]], kuma a lokaci guda ta fara canjin yanayi da tabbatar da jinsi a [[Taiwan]]. Rubashkyn ta gano cewa caka mata wuka a Colombia ne ya sa ta yanke shawarar neman ilimi a wasu wurare. === Rashin kasa === A cikin shekara guda da fara maganin maye gurbin hormone, yanayin jikin Rubashkyn ya canza sosai saboda yanayin jima'i, kuma hukumomin shige da fice na Taiwan sun buƙaci ta sabunta fasfo ɗinta a ƙaramin ofishin jakadancin Colombia kafin ta fara shekara ta biyu na karatun masters. Ta yi tafiya zuwa [[Hong Kong]] don yin hakan, amma lokacin da ta isa cibiyar shige da fice ta filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong, an tsare ta sama da watanni takwas a tsare da kuma cibiyoyin ‘yan gudun hijira da dama saboda rashin sanin yanayin shari’arta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 March 2014 |title=The Colombian transgender woman stranded in Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/la-transgenero-colombiana-atrapada-en-hong-kong/381292-3 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong to be recognised as woman |url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1457021/transgender-refugee-goes-through-hell-hong-kong-be-recognised-woman |access-date=3 March 2014 |website=South China Morning Post}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=2020-02-28 |title=Making New Zealand Home: Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/national/programmes/afternoons/audio/2018736234/making-new-zealand-home-eliana-rubashkyn |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=RNZ |language=en-nz}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta sha fama da cin zarafi da cin zarafi da musgunawa akai-akai a wurare da dama da take rayuwa a ciki. An tsare ta a wani sashin kula da taɓin hankali na Asibitin Sarauniya Elizabeth da ke Kowloon, sakamakon wani yunkurin kashe kanta, bayan an yi mata wulakanci da lalata da ita.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Live Interview (In Spanish) on CNN after being released from her reclusion in Hong Kong and China |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UkEsMq5xKfA/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> Ta kasa neman mafaka don a ba ta kariya a matsayinta na 'yar gudun hijira a Hong Kong saboda gwamnati ba ta amince da yarjejeniyar 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ba, ta fuskanci kora, kuma ta fuskanci mugun hali a wurin da ake tsare da filin jirgin sama.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ƙi tuntuɓar ofishin jakadancinta na gida don hana fitar da ita saboda rashin taimakon diflomasiyya da suka bayar, kuma ta zama ''marar'' ƙasa a ranar 30 ga watan Oktoba 2012. Matsayin Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ya iyakance hulɗar iya yi da hukumomi daga gwamnatocin Colombia.<ref name=":4"/><ref>{{Cite web |title=Stuck in limbo the tragic story of the transgender refugee Eliana Rubashkyn |url=http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006162731/http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Time Out Hong Kong}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=1 April 2010 |title=UNHCR and De Facto Statelessness |url=http://www.unhcr.org/4bc2ddeb9.pdf |access-date=28 November 2017 |publisher=Hugh Massey, Senior Legal Adviser, UNHCR Geneva}}</ref> Tare da taimakon [[Amnesty International]] da hukumar kula da 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya (UNHCR), an ba ta matsayin [[Ƴan gudun hijira|'yan gudun hijira]];  duk da haka, saboda Hong Kong ba ta sanya hannu kan taron ƴan gudun hijira na 1951 ba, ba ta amince da ita a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ba kuma ta nemi a tura ta zuwa Colombia. Lamarin nata ya ja hankalin duniya, musamman a Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya da Kolombiya, inda ake yawan cin zarafi tsakanin maza da mata da maza da mata. An kuma lura da shari'arta a [[New Zealand]], ƙasar da aka sani da matsayinta game da daidaito ga mutanen LGBTI.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cơn ác mộng của người chuyển giới ở Hong Kong |url=http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006101242/http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=Hot News Vietnam}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=3 April 2014 |title=Transgender refugee stranded in Hong Kong describes struggle to be recognized as woman |url=http://shanghaiist.com/2014/04/03/transgender-refugee-hong-kong.php |access-date=3 April 2014 |publisher=Shanhaiist}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=La historia de Eliana, la joven transgénero que está atrapada en Hong Kong |url=http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141010092822/http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |archive-date=10 October 2014 |access-date=29 March 2014 |publisher=Diario El País}}</ref> A watan Disamba na shekarar 2013, Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta ba da mafita ta hanyar amincewa Rubashkyn a matsayin mace a ƙarƙashin tsarin 'yan gudun hijira na UNHCR. Ta zama mace ta farko da aka amince da ita a matsayin mace a [[Sin|China]] ko Hong Kong ba tare da an yi mata tiyatar sake aikin jima'i ba ko kuma ta hanyar likita.<ref>{{Cite web |last=caracol.com.co |title=Transexual reconocida como mujer en China |url=http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006102218/http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 January 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=行街紙隱去性別未變性博士准住女病房 |url=http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/news/art/20140315/18657221 |access-date=2 January 2014 |publisher=Apple Daily Hong Kong}}</ref> Wani labari na [[CNN]] game da gwagwarmayar ta da kuma ɗan gajeren fim game da rayuwarta a Hong Kong ta sami lambar yabo ta GLAAD Media Award a watan Mayu 2015. === Maidowa === A cikin watan Mayun 2014, New Zealand ta karɓi Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira kuma ta ba ta mafaka, ta ƙara fahimtar jinsinta a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 July 2014 |title=En libertad la transgénero presa en Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/eliana-rubashkyn-transgenero-colombiana-en-hong-kong-quedo-libre/394176-3 |access-date=5 January 2015 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref> Shari'arta ita ce ta farko a duniya da aka amince da jinsin mutum a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Eliana Rubashkyn. First case of International gender recognition through asylum |url=http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006140105/http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=Fundacion Triangulo}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Transexual colombiana atrapada en Hong Kong recibe refugio en Nueva Zelanda |url=http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006125201/http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=RCN}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2015, auren Rubashkyn ya sami kulawar kafofin watsa labaru mai mahimmanci lokacin da magatakarda na NZ na Aure ya nemi mataccen suna Rubashkyn, tare da sunanta na shari'a, don yin rajistar auren. A cikin shekarar 2019, Rubashkyn ya ba da shaida a matsayin wani ɓangare na binciken kisan Grace Millane, bayan da ta fahimci cewa ta yi wa wanda ake tuhuma hidima a wani kantin magani na Auckland.<ref name="Millane"/> == Sana'a == Tun lokacin da aka sake ta a New Zealand, Rubashkyn ta yi aiki a matsayin mai harhaɗa magunguna kuma tana da hannu cikin ayyukan bayar da shawarwari da yawa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ministry seeks feedback on draft vaping regulations, while pharmacy sales slow |url=https://www.pharmacytoday.co.nz/article/ministry-seeks-feedback-draft-vaping-regulations-while-pharmacy-sales-slow |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Pharmacy Today |language=en}}</ref> === Gwagwarmaya/Fafutuka === Rubashkyn ta ba da shawarar haƙƙoƙin 'yan gudun hijira da jima'i, transgender, da bambancin jinsi a New Zealand da kuma duniya baki ɗaya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rainbow refugees come to NZ to find safety, but say the system is not built for them |url=https://www.renews.co.nz/rainbow-refugees-come-to-nz-to-find-safety-but-say-the-system-is-not-built-for-them/ |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=www.renews.co.nz |language=en-US}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ba da gudummawa ga shirin ci gaban Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya da kuma Hukumar Kula da 'Yan Gudun Hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya a matsayinta na wacce ta kafa Rainbow Path Aotearoa New Zealand, wata kungiyar bayar da shawarwari ta 'yan gudun hijira ta LGBT. Yayin zanga-zangar adawa da Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull a [[Auckland]] a ranar 25 ga watan Maris 2023, Rubashkyn ta jefa ruwan tumatir a kan Keen-Minshull. Daga baya, Rubashkyn ta ba da rahoton samun barazanar kisa. Rubashkyn ta tafi Ostiraliya, sannan Amurka, tana mai cewa tana tsoron a kama ta a New Zealand.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice thrower says arrest warrant imminent |url=https://www.1news.co.nz/2023/03/29/posie-parker-juice-thrower-says-arrest-warrant-imminent/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=1 News |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title='I am scared': Posie Parker juice-thrower claims arrest warrant pending |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-tomato-juicer-eli-rubashkyn-says-arrest-warrant-likely-to-be-filed/T7LTM7JSFVHVDKOLE37BTVDVBY/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=reporter |first=Auckland |date=2023-03-30 |title=Police lay assault charge on woman who threw juice over Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/131647981/police-lay-assault-charge-on-woman-who-threw-juice-over-posie-parker |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> Daga baya 'yan sandan New Zealand sun tuhume ta da laifuffuka biyu na hari,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-en-route-for-new-york-after-arrest-claim/OBCY2CCNPJAULNQOHSQVCXX6Y4/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Franks |first=Raphael |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.newstalkzb.co.nz/news/national/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-charged-with-assault/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=ZB |language=en-nz}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> daya kirga kan lamarin ruwan tumatir da Keen-Minshull da kuma wani harin da aka kai wa wani daban, wanda ba a san ko wanene ba.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Woman accused of throwing juice over Posie Parker pleads not guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/woman-accused-of-throwing-juice-over-womens-rights-activist-posie-parker-pleads-not-guilty/QI24T5Z5BBCG5GDEDAP6I7KIEI/ |access-date=2023-04-07 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> Magoya bayan Rubashkyn sun tara sama da dala 15,000 a cikin makonni biyu da suka biyo bayan lamarin don biyan kuɗinta na shari'a.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Shibu |date=2023-03-31 |title=Fundraiser For NZ Trans Activist Who Doused Kellie-Jay Keen With Tomato Sauce |url=https://www.starobserver.com.au/news/international-news-news/fundraiser-for-nz-trans-activist-who-doused-kellie-jay-keen-with-tomato-sauce/222889 |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Star Observer |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Afrilun 2023, lauyan Rubashkyn ya shigar da kara a madadinta, tare da komawa kotu a watan Yuli.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=2023-04-05 |title=Protester pleads not guilty to assault after throwing juice on Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/crime/300848339/protester-pleads-not-guilty-to-assault-after-throwing-juice-on-posie-parker |access-date=2023-04-06 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 20 ga watan Satumba, lauyan Rubashkyn James Olsen ya nemi a soke tuhumar da ake yi mata a kotun gundumar Auckland. Keen-Minshull ta kwaɗaitar da magoya bayanta da su taru a kusa da kotun ta kafafen sada zumunta; Bayan ta yi watsi da shirin tafiya na biyu zuwa New Zealand saboda matsalolin tsaro. Magoya bayan Keen-Minshull da suka haɗa da kungiyar "Bari mace ta yi magana" sun haɗu da mambobin kungiyar Trans Liberation Alliance (TLA) da suka taru a kotun St Patrick da ke kusa da kotun gundumar Auckland. Wannan zanga-zangar ta kasance cikin lumana tare da ‘yan sanda sun raba kungiyoyin biyu. Olsen ya bayar da hujjar cewa ya kamata a yi watsi da karar tun da Keen-Minshull ya ki gabatar da kara ko mika shaida ga ‘yan sanda. Dan sanda mai gabatar da kara Sajan Phil Mann ya nemi ya dogara da kalaman da Keen-Minshull ya yi na yin fim ga TVNZ bayan faruwar lamarin. Mai shari’a Claire Ryan ta ajiye hukuncinta har sai an saurari karar a watan Oktoba 2023.<ref name="NZH 21 Sep 2023" /> A ranar 26 ga watan Oktoba, alkalin kotun Ryan ya ki amincewa da yunkurin Rubashkyn na yin watsi da tuhumar da ake mata, ya kuma yanke hukuncin cewa za ta fuskanci shari'a kan laifuka biyu na cin zarafi da ake yi wa Keen-Minshull. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] <references /> 7tetm9ufc4uawt586as3yhle6igxphk 826576 826574 2026-04-26T07:55:13Z Pharouqenr 25549 826576 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Eliana Rubashkyn''' (an Haife ta a ranar 25 ga watan Yuni 1988) 'yar ƙasar [[New Zealand]] likitar harhaɗa magunguna ce kuma masaniya a fannin ilmin sinadarai,<ref name="Millane">{{Cite web |date=2019-11-14 |title='I'm sorry': Moment murder accused admitted Grace was dead |url=https://www.odt.co.nz/news/national/im-sorry-moment-murder-accused-admitted-grace-was-dead |access-date=2023-04-01 |website=Otago Daily Times Online News |language=en}}</ref> sananniya ce da kasancewa mace ta farko da aka ba wa namiji lokacin haihuwa da aka amince da shi a matsayin [[mace]] mai tsarin [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] a ƙarƙashin dokar 'yan gudun hijira ta duniya. An haife ta a Kolombiya, Rubashkyn ba ta da ƙasa a da.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=McGee |first=Thomas |date=2020 |title=Rainbow statelessness - between sexual citizenship and legal theory: Exploring the statelessness-LGBTIQ+ nexus. |url=https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/agispt.20221018075985 |journal=Statelessness & Citizenship Review |volume=2(1) |issue=2 |pages=64–85 |via=[[Informit (database)|Informit]]}}</ref> a halin yanzu tana aiki a matsayin jami'in shirye-shirye a duniya ta ILGA,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ælien Rubashkyn - ILGA World |url=https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907100944/https://ilga.org/%C3%86lien-Rubashkyn |archive-date=7 September 2021 |access-date=7 September 2021}}</ref> kuma a matsayin masaniya a fannin kimiyyar rage cutar da ke haɓaka yakin neman hakkin ɗan adam na tallafi ga masu neman mafaka na LGBTI, 'yan gudun hijira da masu shiga tsakani a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ITANZ - Intersex Awareness New Zealand 2019 - Board Members |url=http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |access-date=2024-07-05 |archive-date=2019-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190911065353/http://www.ianz.org.nz/about-itanz/board/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> An amince [[Jinsi|da jinsin]] Rubashkyn a ƙarƙashin Yarjejeniyar [[Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya]] ta 1951 dangane da Matsayin 'Yan Gudun Hijira.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Human Rights Campaign 2014 |title=Hong Kong recognized Trans woman without Sex reassignment Surgery |url=http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006154905/http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/hong-kong-government-recognizes-transgender-woman-without-gender-reassignme |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=3 February 2015}}</ref> Shari'ar Rubashkyn ya ja hankalin kafafen yaɗa labarai na ƙasa da ƙasa da lauyoyi bayan cin zarafin da aka yi mata biyo bayan tsare ta a filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong saboda rashin jituwa tsakanin [[Asalin jinsi|jinsinta]] da hoton fasfo dinta, wanda ya haifar da shekaru da dama na rashin ƙasa a Hong Kong.  da kuma ƙasƙantar da ɗan adam zuwa cibiyoyin mafaka da yawa a cikin Yuen Long.<ref name="Misunderstood and Stateless">{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref><ref name="UNHCR">{{Cite web |title=Transgender Refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong |url=http://www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/refdaily?pass=463ef21123&id=533cf1698 |access-date=20 March 2014 |publisher=UNHCR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 April 2014 |title=Hong Kong is 'hell' Transgender postgrad student-turned-refugee struggles to be recognised as a woman |url=http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006110553/http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/hong-kong-hell-transgender-postgrad-student-turned-refugee-struggles-be-recognised-woman0504 |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=gaystarnews.com}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta koma New Zealand a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira a cikin shekarar 2014, kuma an ba ta shaida ta ƙasar New Zealand a cikin shekarar 2018.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee says NZ paradise |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/transgender-refugee-says-nz-paradise/FOX7DUD3XTF4K6OWN72OH2FWPE/ |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2023, an tuhumi Rubashkyn da laifuffuka biyu na kai hari kan jefa ruwan [[tumatir]] a kan masu fafutuka Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull da Tania Suzanne Sturt a wata zanga-zangar adawa da ziyarar Keen-Minshull.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-14 |title=Posie Parker assault case: Tomato juice protester Eliana Golberstein pleads guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-assault-case-tomato-juice-protester-eli-rubashkyn-pleads-guilty/J4XEWQPOJZF4XP654KYDSJTX2Q/ |access-date=2024-06-14 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Rubashkyn a [[Kolombiya|Colombia]] ga mahaifiyar Bayahudiya 'yar ƙasar Yukren wacce ta koma can a shekarun 1970s. An haife ta tare da yanayin jima'i na rashin jin daɗi na androgen kuma an sanya shi namiji a lokacin haihuwa.<ref name="3news">{{Cite web |date=26 July 2015 |title=Gender refugee hopes for NZ citizenship |url=http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151225151833/http://www.3news.co.nz/tvshows/3d/gender-refugee-hopes-for-nz-citizenship-2015072616 |archive-date=25 December 2015 |access-date=23 December 2015 |publisher=3 Degrees - TV3 New Zealand}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Vesga |first=Alejandro |date=11 July 2015 |title=El purgatorio de una transgénero víctima de un pasaporte con sexo masculino |url=http://www.kienyke.com/historias/el-purgatorio-de-una-transgenero-victima-de-un-pasaporte-con-sexo-masculino/}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2011, Rubashkyn ta sami digirinta a fannin harhaɗa magunguna da [[Kimiyya|sinadarai]] a Jami'ar ƙasa ta Colombia, kuma tana magana da harsuna biyar sosai.<ref name=":3"/> Bayan ta yi karatun ilmin halitta a Jami'ar Granada, an ba ta guraben karatu don haɓaka karatun digiri na biyu a fannin kiwon lafiyar jama'a a Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta [[Taipei]], kuma a lokaci guda ta fara canjin yanayi da tabbatar da jinsi a [[Taiwan]]. Rubashkyn ta gano cewa caka mata wuka a Colombia ne ya sa ta yanke shawarar neman ilimi a wasu wurare. === Rashin kasa === A cikin shekara guda da fara maganin maye gurbin hormone, yanayin jikin Rubashkyn ya canza sosai saboda yanayin jima'i, kuma hukumomin shige da fice na Taiwan sun buƙaci ta sabunta fasfo ɗinta a ƙaramin ofishin jakadancin Colombia kafin ta fara shekara ta biyu na karatun masters. Ta yi tafiya zuwa [[Hong Kong]] don yin hakan, amma lokacin da ta isa cibiyar shige da fice ta filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong, an tsare ta sama da watanni takwas a tsare da kuma cibiyoyin ‘yan gudun hijira da dama saboda rashin sanin yanayin shari’arta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 March 2014 |title=The Colombian transgender woman stranded in Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/la-transgenero-colombiana-atrapada-en-hong-kong/381292-3 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Transgender refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong to be recognised as woman |url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1457021/transgender-refugee-goes-through-hell-hong-kong-be-recognised-woman |access-date=3 March 2014 |website=South China Morning Post}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=2020-02-28 |title=Making New Zealand Home: Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/national/programmes/afternoons/audio/2018736234/making-new-zealand-home-eliana-rubashkyn |access-date=2023-03-31 |website=RNZ |language=en-nz}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta sha fama da cin zarafi da cin zarafi da musgunawa akai-akai a wurare da dama da take rayuwa a ciki. An tsare ta a wani sashin kula da taɓin hankali na Asibitin Sarauniya Elizabeth da ke Kowloon, sakamakon wani yunkurin kashe kanta, bayan an yi mata wulakanci da lalata da ita.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 September 2014 |title=Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/09/05/world/transgender-asylum-hong-kong/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Live Interview (In Spanish) on CNN after being released from her reclusion in Hong Kong and China |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UkEsMq5xKfA/ |access-date=5 September 2014 |publisher=CNN International}}</ref> Ta kasa neman mafaka don a ba ta kariya a matsayinta na 'yar gudun hijira a Hong Kong saboda gwamnati ba ta amince da yarjejeniyar 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ba, ta fuskanci kora, kuma ta fuskanci mugun hali a wurin da ake tsare da filin jirgin sama.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2015 |title=10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn |url=https://listverse.com/2015/08/07/10-harrowing-tales-of-stateless-people/ |access-date=14 October 2017 |publisher=Listverse}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ƙi tuntuɓar ofishin jakadancinta na gida don hana fitar da ita saboda rashin taimakon diflomasiyya da suka bayar, kuma ta zama ''marar'' ƙasa a ranar 30 ga watan Oktoba 2012. Matsayin Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ya iyakance hulɗar iya yi da hukumomi daga gwamnatocin Colombia.<ref name=":4"/><ref>{{Cite web |title=Stuck in limbo the tragic story of the transgender refugee Eliana Rubashkyn |url=http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006162731/http://www.timeout.com.hk/gay-lesbian/features/65764/stuck-in-limbo-the-tragic-story-of-transgender-refugee-eliana-rubashkyn.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=Time Out Hong Kong}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=1 April 2010 |title=UNHCR and De Facto Statelessness |url=http://www.unhcr.org/4bc2ddeb9.pdf |access-date=28 November 2017 |publisher=Hugh Massey, Senior Legal Adviser, UNHCR Geneva}}</ref> Tare da taimakon [[Amnesty International]] da hukumar kula da 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya (UNHCR), an ba ta matsayin [[Ƴan gudun hijira|'yan gudun hijira]];  duk da haka, saboda Hong Kong ba ta sanya hannu kan taron ƴan gudun hijira na 1951 ba, ba ta amince da ita a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ba kuma ta nemi a tura ta zuwa Colombia. Lamarin nata ya ja hankalin duniya, musamman a Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya da Kolombiya, inda ake yawan cin zarafi tsakanin maza da mata da maza da mata. An kuma lura da shari'arta a [[New Zealand]], ƙasar da aka sani da matsayinta game da daidaito ga mutanen LGBTI.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cơn ác mộng của người chuyển giới ở Hong Kong |url=http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006101242/http://hotnews247.vn/v688/Con-ac-mong-cua-nguoi-chuyen-gioi-o-Hong-Kong.html |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=20 May 2014 |publisher=Hot News Vietnam}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=3 April 2014 |title=Transgender refugee stranded in Hong Kong describes struggle to be recognized as woman |url=http://shanghaiist.com/2014/04/03/transgender-refugee-hong-kong.php |access-date=3 April 2014 |publisher=Shanhaiist}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=La historia de Eliana, la joven transgénero que está atrapada en Hong Kong |url=http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141010092822/http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/historia-eliana-joven-transgenero-esta-atrapada-hong-kong |archive-date=10 October 2014 |access-date=29 March 2014 |publisher=Diario El País}}</ref> A watan Disamba na shekarar 2013, Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta ba da mafita ta hanyar amincewa Rubashkyn a matsayin mace a ƙarƙashin tsarin 'yan gudun hijira na UNHCR. Ta zama mace ta farko da aka amince da ita a matsayin mace a [[Sin|China]] ko Hong Kong ba tare da an yi mata tiyatar sake aikin jima'i ba ko kuma ta hanyar likita.<ref>{{Cite web |last=caracol.com.co |title=Transexual reconocida como mujer en China |url=http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006102218/http://www.caracol.com.co/audio_programas/archivo_de_audio/eliana-rubashkyn-transexual-reconocida-como-mujer-en-china/20140317/oir/2132442.aspx |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 January 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=行街紙隱去性別未變性博士准住女病房 |url=http://hk.apple.nextmedia.com/news/art/20140315/18657221 |access-date=2 January 2014 |publisher=Apple Daily Hong Kong}}</ref> Wani labari na [[CNN]] game da gwagwarmayar ta da kuma ɗan gajeren fim game da rayuwarta a Hong Kong ta sami lambar yabo ta GLAAD Media Award a watan Mayu 2015. === Maidowa === A cikin watan Mayun 2014, New Zealand ta karɓi Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira kuma ta ba ta mafaka, ta ƙara fahimtar jinsinta a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 July 2014 |title=En libertad la transgénero presa en Hong Kong |url=http://www.semana.com/gente/articulo/eliana-rubashkyn-transgenero-colombiana-en-hong-kong-quedo-libre/394176-3 |access-date=5 January 2015 |publisher=Revista Semana}}</ref> Shari'arta ita ce ta farko a duniya da aka amince da jinsin mutum a duniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Eliana Rubashkyn. First case of International gender recognition through asylum |url=http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006140105/http://www.fundaciontriangulo.org/noticias/425-eliana-rubashkyn-primer-caso-de-cambio-de-sexo-legal-por-asilo-internacional |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=Fundacion Triangulo}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Transexual colombiana atrapada en Hong Kong recibe refugio en Nueva Zelanda |url=http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006125201/http://www.rcnradio.com/noticias/mujer-transexual-apatrida-nacida-en-colombia-recibe-refugio-y-nacionalidad-en-nueva-zelanda |archive-date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 February 2015 |publisher=RCN}}</ref> A cikin shekarar 2015, auren Rubashkyn ya sami kulawar kafofin watsa labaru mai mahimmanci lokacin da magatakarda na NZ na Aure ya nemi mataccen suna Rubashkyn, tare da sunanta na shari'a, don yin rajistar auren. A cikin shekarar 2019, Rubashkyn ya ba da shaida a matsayin wani ɓangare na binciken kisan Grace Millane, bayan da ta fahimci cewa ta yi wa wanda ake tuhuma hidima a wani kantin magani na Auckland.<ref name="Millane"/> == Sana'a == Tun lokacin da aka sake ta a New Zealand, Rubashkyn ta yi aiki a matsayin mai harhaɗa magunguna kuma tana da hannu cikin ayyukan bayar da shawarwari da yawa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ministry seeks feedback on draft vaping regulations, while pharmacy sales slow |url=https://www.pharmacytoday.co.nz/article/ministry-seeks-feedback-draft-vaping-regulations-while-pharmacy-sales-slow |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Pharmacy Today |language=en}}</ref> === Gwagwarmaya/Fafutuka === Rubashkyn ta ba da shawarar haƙƙoƙin 'yan gudun hijira da jima'i, transgender, da bambancin jinsi a New Zealand da kuma duniya baki ɗaya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rainbow refugees come to NZ to find safety, but say the system is not built for them |url=https://www.renews.co.nz/rainbow-refugees-come-to-nz-to-find-safety-but-say-the-system-is-not-built-for-them/ |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=www.renews.co.nz |language=en-US}}</ref> Rubashkyn ta ba da gudummawa ga shirin ci gaban Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya da kuma Hukumar Kula da 'Yan Gudun Hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya a matsayinta na wacce ta kafa Rainbow Path Aotearoa New Zealand, wata kungiyar bayar da shawarwari ta 'yan gudun hijira ta LGBT. Yayin zanga-zangar adawa da Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull a [[Auckland]] a ranar 25 ga watan Maris 2023, Rubashkyn ta jefa ruwan tumatir a kan Keen-Minshull. Daga baya, Rubashkyn ta ba da rahoton samun barazanar kisa. Rubashkyn ta tafi Ostiraliya, sannan Amurka, tana mai cewa tana tsoron a kama ta a New Zealand.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice thrower says arrest warrant imminent |url=https://www.1news.co.nz/2023/03/29/posie-parker-juice-thrower-says-arrest-warrant-imminent/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=1 News |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title='I am scared': Posie Parker juice-thrower claims arrest warrant pending |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-tomato-juicer-eli-rubashkyn-says-arrest-warrant-likely-to-be-filed/T7LTM7JSFVHVDKOLE37BTVDVBY/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=reporter |first=Auckland |date=2023-03-30 |title=Police lay assault charge on woman who threw juice over Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/131647981/police-lay-assault-charge-on-woman-who-threw-juice-over-posie-parker |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> Daga baya 'yan sandan New Zealand sun tuhume ta da laifuffuka biyu na hari,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-en-route-for-new-york-after-arrest-claim/OBCY2CCNPJAULNQOHSQVCXX6Y4/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Franks |first=Raphael |title=Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault |url=https://www.newstalkzb.co.nz/news/national/posie-parker-juice-thower-eli-rubashkyn-charged-with-assault/ |access-date=2023-03-30 |website=ZB |language=en-nz}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> daya kirga kan lamarin ruwan tumatir da Keen-Minshull da kuma wani harin da aka kai wa wani daban, wanda ba a san ko wanene ba.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Woman accused of throwing juice over Posie Parker pleads not guilty |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/woman-accused-of-throwing-juice-over-womens-rights-activist-posie-parker-pleads-not-guilty/QI24T5Z5BBCG5GDEDAP6I7KIEI/ |access-date=2023-04-07 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> Magoya bayan Rubashkyn sun tara sama da dala 15,000 a cikin makonni biyu da suka biyo bayan lamarin don biyan kuɗinta na shari'a.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Shibu |date=2023-03-31 |title=Fundraiser For NZ Trans Activist Who Doused Kellie-Jay Keen With Tomato Sauce |url=https://www.starobserver.com.au/news/international-news-news/fundraiser-for-nz-trans-activist-who-doused-kellie-jay-keen-with-tomato-sauce/222889 |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Star Observer |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Afrilun 2023, lauyan Rubashkyn ya shigar da kara a madadinta, tare da komawa kotu a watan Yuli.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=2023-04-05 |title=Protester pleads not guilty to assault after throwing juice on Posie Parker |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/crime/300848339/protester-pleads-not-guilty-to-assault-after-throwing-juice-on-posie-parker |access-date=2023-04-06 |website=Stuff |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 20 ga watan Satumba, lauyan Rubashkyn James Olsen ya nemi a soke tuhumar da ake yi mata a kotun gundumar Auckland. Keen-Minshull ta kwaɗaitar da magoya bayanta da su taru a kusa da kotun ta kafafen sada zumunta; Bayan ta yi watsi da shirin tafiya na biyu zuwa New Zealand saboda matsalolin tsaro. Magoya bayan Keen-Minshull da suka haɗa da kungiyar "Bari mace ta yi magana" sun haɗu da mambobin kungiyar Trans Liberation Alliance (TLA) da suka taru a kotun St Patrick da ke kusa da kotun gundumar Auckland. Wannan zanga-zangar ta kasance cikin lumana tare da ‘yan sanda sun raba kungiyoyin biyu. Olsen ya bayar da hujjar cewa ya kamata a yi watsi da karar tun da Keen-Minshull ya ki gabatar da kara ko mika shaida ga ‘yan sanda. Dan sanda mai gabatar da kara Sajan Phil Mann ya nemi ya dogara da kalaman da Keen-Minshull ya yi na yin fim ga TVNZ bayan faruwar lamarin. Mai shari’a Claire Ryan ta ajiye hukuncinta har sai an saurari karar a watan Oktoba 2023.<ref name="NZH 21 Sep 2023" /> A ranar 26 ga watan Oktoba, alkalin kotun Ryan ya ki amincewa da yunkurin Rubashkyn na yin watsi da tuhumar da ake mata, ya kuma yanke hukuncin cewa za ta fuskanci shari'a kan laifuka biyu na cin zarafi da ake yi wa Keen-Minshull. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] <references /> c8sfd0e3wcbsjnhpqw5afvpwxtwojg5 0 80907 826242 470440 2026-04-25T13:12:49Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826242 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Cocin Uganda''' memba ne na lardin Anglican Communion . A halin yanzu akwai diocese 37 waɗanda suka zama [[Cocin Uganda]], kowannensu yana ƙarƙashin jagorancin bishop. Kowace diocese ta kasu kashi biyu, kowannensu yana karkashin jagorancin babban firist da aka sani da archdeacon. Archdeaconries sun kara rarraba zuwa majami'u, karkashin jagorancin firist na majami'a. An raba majami'u zuwa ƙananan majami'a, waɗanda masu karatu ke jagoranta. Ya zuwa kididdigar shekara ta 2014, kashi 32% na 'yan Uganda ko mutane 10,941,268 suna ɗaukar kansu suna da alaƙa da cocin, ƙasa daga kashi 36.7% a ƙidayar shekara ta 2002. <ref name="WDL">{{cite web |url = http://www.wdl.org/en/item/9944/ |title = Eighteen Years in Uganda and East Africa |website = [[World Digital Library]] |year = 1908 |access-date = 2013-09-24 |archive-date = 2018-08-23 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180823141910/https://www.wdl.org/en/item/9944/ |url-status = dead }}</ref>Dangane da binciken da An sake dubawa a cikin Journal of Anglican Studies wanda Cambridge University Press ta buga a 2016, Ikilisiyar Uganda tana da mambobi sama da miliyan 8 da kusan mambobi 795,000 masu baftisma.<ref name="Census 2014">{{cite web | url=http://www.ubos.org/onlinefiles/uploads/ubos/NPHC/2014%20National%20Census%20Main%20Report.pdf | title=2014 Uganda Population and Housing Census – Main Report | publisher=Uganda Bureau of Statistics | access-date=17 April 2018 }}</ref> ==Hotuna== <gallery> File:The Church House, Kampala Road, Kampala, Uganda.jpg|Cocin Uganda File:Church of Uganda Archives.jpg|Cocin Uganda daukar gefe File:Eritrean Church in Uganda 06.jpg|Eritrean_Church_in_Uganda File:Kibubura Church of Uganda 05.jpg|Kibubura_Church_of_Uganda File:Local Church, Uganda (15221978476).jpg|Karamar Cocin Uganda </gallery> ==Manazarta== 0j61mqth372987s62kjxjgthqglp7y7 0 81453 826419 464990 2026-04-26T05:54:00Z Nura Bello 24854 826419 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Mohammad Bashir Qant Chah Abi''' ya zama Gwamnan Sar-e Pol daga Agusta shekarar 2008 har zuwa 25 ga Mayu 2010. <ref name="nps sare-pul">[http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/SariPul_Exec_Sum.pdf People of Ghazni] wikimedia.org</ref> Bashir kwamandan Hizb-e Islami ne daga gundumar Shah Ab ta arewacin Lardin Takhar . <ref name="nps sare-pul">[http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/SariPul_Exec_Sum.pdf People of Ghazni] wikimedia.org</ref> == Bayanan da aka ambata == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] g5e4h6x7b1w84st6c7j8batpg9chvpd 0 89688 826343 738582 2026-04-25T20:46:31Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826343 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist|Name=Daya|image=Daya 2016.jpg|caption=Daya in 2016|Birth_name=Grace Martine Tandon|birth_date={{birth date and age|mf=yes|1998|10|24}}|birth_place=[[Pittsburgh]], [[Pennsylvania]], U.S.|Origin=[[Mt. Lebanon, Pennsylvania]], U.S.|Genre={{hlist|[[Pop music|Pop]]|[[synthpop]]|[[electronic music|electronic]]}}|Occupation={{hlist|Singer|songwriter}}|Years_active=2015–present|Instrument=Vocals|Label={{hlist||Artbeatz|Z|[[RED Distribution|RED]]|[[Interscope Records|Interscope]]|Sandlot|[[AWAL]]}}|website={{URL|daya.komi.io/}}}} '''Grace Martine Tandon''' (an Haife shi Oktoba 24, 1998), <ref>{{Cite web |title=Daya - Biography {{!}} Billboard |url=http://www.billboard.com/artist/6683644/daya/biography |access-date=June 12, 2017 |website=Billboard.com |language=en}}</ref> sananne da sana'a kamar '''Daya''' (mai salo '''DΛYΛ''' ; lafazin / ˈdeɪ . ə / ), mawaƙin Ba'amurke ne kuma marubuci daga Dutsen [[Lebanon]], Pennsylvania . <ref name="106.9 The Q">{{Cite web |title=Daya 106.9 The Q |url=http://www.1069theq.com/artist/daya/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151007045941/http://www.1069theq.com/artist/daya/ |archive-date=October 7, 2015 |access-date=October 5, 2015 |website=106.9 The Q}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Daya – Hide Away – CBS Pittsburgh |url=http://pittsburgh.cbslocal.com/video/3267445-daya-hide-away/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180614044711/http://pittsburgh.cbslocal.com/video/3267445-daya-hide-away/ |archive-date=June 14, 2018 |access-date=October 5, 2015 |website=CBS Pittsburgh}}</ref> An sanya hannu a kan Sandlot Records da AWAL, kuma ta fito da wasan kwaikwayo na farko mai suna (EP), ''Daya'', a ranar Satumba 4, 2015, wanda ya hada da waƙar " Hide Away ," wanda ya kai lamba 23 a kan <nowiki><i id="mwGw">Billboard</i></nowiki> Hot 100. . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Z Entertainment Management |url=http://zentertainmentla.com/managment.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151006034126/http://zentertainmentla.com/managment.html |archive-date=October 6, 2015 |access-date=October 5, 2015}}</ref> <ref name="iTunes 1">{{Cite web |date=September 4, 2015 |title=iTunes (U.S.) – Music – Daya – Daya – EP |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/daya-ep/id1028772922 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160901145450/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/daya-ep/id1028772922 |archive-date=September 1, 2016 |access-date=October 5, 2015 |website=iTunes (U.S.)}}</ref> Ta fito da kundi na farko na studio ''Sit Still, Look Pretty'' a ranar 7 ga Oktoba, 2016. == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Daya a Pittsburgh a ranar 24 ga Oktoba, 1998, kuma ya girma a unguwar Mt. Lebanon, Pennsylvania . Kakan mahaifinta ɗan ƙasar [[Mutanen Punjabi|Punjabi]] ɗan gudun hijira ne daga [[Delhi]], Indiya. Tana da 'yan'uwa hudu, Lou, Mariana, Celia, da Avery. Sunanta mataki Daya ( {{IPA|sa|dɐˈjaː||Pronunciación de Daya en sánscrito (दया).ogg}}</link></link> ) shine kalmar [[Sanskrit]] don "tausayi" ko "alheri". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mervis |first=Scott |date=October 29, 2015 |title=Music preview: Mt. Lebanon singer Daya has shot at pop fame |url=http://www.post-gazette.com/ae/music/2015/10/29/Music-preview-Mt-Lebanon-singer-Daya-has-shot-at-pop-fame/stories/201510290006 |access-date=March 21, 2016 |website=post-gazette.com}}</ref> Ta yi karatun digiri a makarantar St. Bernard sannan ta kammala karatun sakandare a Dutsen Lebanon . <ref name="Lebo Mag">{{Cite web |date=June 4, 2015 |title=A Lebo Pop Princess |url=http://lebomag.com/23527/a-lebo-pop-princess/ |access-date=October 5, 2015 |website=Lebo Mag}}</ref> <ref name="South Hills Living">{{Cite web |last=Kelly Washere |date=September 20, 2016 |title=Mt. Lebanon's Daya is a rising pop star who remains grounded |url=http://www.southhillsliving.net/article/20160920/PUBLICATIONS07/160929992 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006014230/http://www.southhillsliving.net/article/20160920/PUBLICATIONS07/160929992 |archive-date=October 6, 2016 |access-date=September 21, 2016 |website=South Hills Living}}</ref> Yana da shekaru uku, Daya ya fara koyon piano, kuma ya fara jazz piano yana ɗan shekara goma sha ɗaya. A wannan lokacin, ta kuma koyi kidan gita, ukulele, saxophone, da sarewa. <ref name="Lebo Mag" /> Daya kuma ya shafe lokacin bazara yana nazarin rubutun waƙa a Interlochen Arts Camp . A sha ɗaya, Daya ya yi rajista a matsayin ɗalibi a Accelerando Music Conservatory, mallakar Christina Chirumbolo, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Accelerando |url=http://www.accelerandopittsburgh.com/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181001091606/https://www.accelerandopittsburgh.com/ |archive-date=October 1, 2018 |access-date=January 7, 2016 |website=Accelerandopittsburgh.com}}</ref> a Pittsburgh. A can, ta sadu da marubuci kuma furodusa Gino Barletta, <ref name="106.9 The Q"/> abokin aikin Chirumbolo wanda ya ziyarci makarantar a matsayin malami. Chirumbolo da Barletta sun kafa ''INCIN ACCESS'', sansanin kiɗa inda su biyu suka yi aiki tare da Daya kuma sun gayyace ta zuwa Los Angeles a watan Fabrairu 2015 don yin aiki a kan kayan asali. == Aikin kiɗa == [[Fayil:Daya-singer.jpg|thumb| Daya yana yin a [[Chicago]] a watan Yuni 2016]] [[Fayil:Daya_03_09_2017_-9_(34216846791).jpg|thumb| Daya yana yin a [[Los Angeles]] a watan Maris 2017]] [[Fayil:Daya_Singing_SF.jpg|thumb| Daya yi a [[San Francisco]] a watan Maris 2017]] Aikin ƙwararriyar Daya ta fara ne lokacin da iyayenta suka raka ta zuwa [[Los Angeles]] don yin aiki tare da Christina Chirumbolo da Gino Barletta, waɗanda suka kafa INSIDE ACCESS ta Accelerando, Brett McLaughlin, Britten Newbill da Noisecastle III a Paramount Recording Studios . A cikin ɗayan waɗannan zaman rubuce-rubuce ne aka rubuta kuma aka rubuta waƙarta ta farko "Hide Away", kuma Barletta ta gabatar da Daya ga Steve Zap na Z Entertainment. Daya, wacce ta kasance karamar yarinya a makarantar sakandare a lokacin, ta ce ba ta tunanin wani abu zai faru na wani lokaci, sai ta koma makaranta washegari. <ref name="South Hills Living"/> Wani tsohon sojan talla na rediyo, Zap yana son waƙar kuma yana sha'awar taimakawa wajen tallata mawaƙin, wanda ya haifar da ƙirƙirar lakabi mai zaman kanta tare da Barletta mai suna Artbeatz. Daya ta fitar da wakar ta mai suna "Hide Away" a ranar 22 ga Afrilu, 2015. <ref name="YouTube">{{Cite web |date=April 22, 2015 |title=Daya's 'Hide Away' on iTunes! www.theofficialdaya.com - YouTube |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Giv7Jg1CdoM |access-date=September 21, 2016 |website=YouTube}}</ref> An karɓi waƙar da kyau a kan layi, yana jin daɗin goyon baya daga wasu manyan masu rubutun ra'ayin yanar gizo ciki har da Tyler Oakley da Perez Hilton, na ƙarshe yana yin sharhi "Akwai wani abu na musamman game da muryar Daya". <ref>{{Cite web |date=June 5, 2015 |title=Listen To This: Fly As A Mother – Perez Hilton |url=http://perezhilton.com/2015-06-05-daya-hide-away#.Vfo5jfZVhBc |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180617093208/http://perezhilton.com/2015-06-05-daya-hide-away#.Vfo5jfZVhBc |archive-date=June 17, 2018 |access-date=October 5, 2015 |website=Perez Hilton}}</ref> Jason Lipshutz na ''Billboard'' suma sun fito da guda ɗaya a gidan yanar gizon su na hukuma, tare da lakafta shi "kyakkyawan halarta". Daya ta fara fitowa a talabijin tana yin "Hide Away" a ''yau tare da Kathie Lee da Hoda'' a ranar 21 ga Agusta, 2015, a matsayin Elvis Duran 's Artist of the Month . <ref>{{Cite web |date=September 11, 2015 |title=Daya Performing "Hide Away" on The Today Show |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vQOV57Untl4 |access-date=October 5, 2015 |website=YouTube}}</ref> Ta koma ''Yau'' don jerin shagali na rani ranar 28 ga Yuni, 2016. <ref>{{Cite web |date=June 28, 2016 |title=Daya - Sit Still, Look Pretty - Live on Today Show |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rvs7JgQZ-Yw |access-date=September 28, 2016 |website=YouTube}}</ref> Bayan nasarar halarta ta farko, Daya ta fito da kanta mai suna EP, ''Daya'', wanda ya ƙunshi waƙoƙi shida, gami da "Hide Away", a ranar 4 ga Satumba, 2015. <ref name="iTunes 1"/> An ƙaddamar da EP a cikakke a rana ɗaya da wuri ta ''Billboard'', kuma an yi muhawara a lamba 161 akan <nowiki><i id="mwbw">Billboard</i></nowiki> 200, yana ƙaddamar da "Hide Away" zuwa lamba 40 akan ginshiƙi na Waƙoƙi ''na Billboard'' . <ref>{{Cite web |date=September 9, 2015 |title=Daya's "Hide Away" Debut On Billboard |url=http://headlineplanet.com/home/2015/09/09/dayas-hide-away-reaches-bubbling-under-hot-100-chart/ |access-date=October 5, 2015 |website=Headline Planet}}</ref> A ranar 30 ga Oktoba, 2015, Daya ta fito da sigar jiki ta EP ta farko ta hanyar Target . <ref>{{Cite web |date=October 30, 2015 |title=Daya – Daya (Only at Target) |url=http://www.target.com/p/daya-daya/-/A-50246488#prodSlot=medium_1_1&term=daya |access-date=November 9, 2015 |website=Target}}</ref> A cikin 2016, Daya shine wasan buɗe ido don yawon shakatawa na Amurka Jack &amp;amp; Jack na Amurka. <ref>{{Cite web |date=November 13, 2015 |title=Q92 |url=https://www.facebook.com/Q92radio/posts/10153822783482932 |access-date=April 6, 2016 |website=facebook}}</ref> A cikin Fabrairu 2016, an nuna ta a cikin waƙar Chainsmokers " Kada Ka Bar Ni Down ", wanda a ƙarshe ya kai lamba 3 akan Hot 100, ya zama shigarwar ta na biyu na saman 40 kuma ta farko ta 10. Wannan ita ce kawai waƙar Daya da ta kai Billboard Hot 100 Decade-End Chart. Ta kuma fitar da waƙa ta biyu daga EP mai suna, " Sit Still, Look Pretty ", wanda aka yi muhawara a lamba 100 kuma ya kai lamba 28, ta uku mafi girma 40. An gayyaci Daya don yin wasan kwaikwayo a [[White House|Fadar White House]] ta 2016 Easter Egg Roll, inda ita da danginta suka gana da Shugaba [[Barack Obama]] da Uwargidan Shugaban kasa Michelle Obama . <ref name="South Hills Living"/> A ranar 15 ga Nuwamba, 2016, Daya ta fito da waƙarta mai suna " Kalmomi " a matsayin ta na uku na farko daga kundi na farko ''Sit Still, Look Pretty'' . A ranar 6 ga Disamba, 2016, an ba da sanarwar cewa " Kada Ka Bar Ni Kasa " an zabi shi don lambar yabo na Grammy na 59th Annual Grammy . A ranar 12 ga Fabrairu, 2017, ta sami [[lambar yabo ta Grammy]] don mafi kyawun rikodin rawa wanda ya sa ta zama lambar yabo ta Grammy ta farko. <ref name="spin">{{Cite web |last=Wilson |first=Winston-Cook |date=December 6, 2016 |title=Grammys 2017: Adele, Beyoncé, the Chainsmokers Dominate the Nominations |url=http://www.spin.com/2016/12/grammys-2017-adele-beyonce-the-chainsmokers-dominate-the-nominations/ |access-date=December 6, 2016 |website=[[Spin (magazine)|Spin]]}}</ref> YA cikin Maris 2017, ta yi aiki don waƙar Gryffin " Feel Good " tare da Illenium . A kan Oktoba 11, 2017, ta fito da wani sabon guda, "Sabon", ta hanyar Interscope Records . <ref name="AllAccess">{{Cite web |date=October 17, 2017 |title=Top 40/M Future Releases - Mainstream Hit Songs Being Released and Their Release Dates |url=https://www.allaccess.com/top40-mainstream/future-releases |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011170149/https://www.allaccess.com/top40-mainstream/future-releases |archive-date=October 11, 2017 |access-date=October 11, 2017 |publisher=AllAccess Music Group}}</ref> Daya ya saki guda biyar a shekarar 2019. Biyu daga cikin waƙoƙin, " Rashin barci " da "Bar Ni Duk da haka", an yi nufin su kasance a kan kundi na biyu na studio. "Motion Forward" an yi niyya don fim ɗin ''Late Night'' . "Kiyaye Shi Cikin Duhu" yana kan sautin sauti na jerin [[Netflix]] ''Dalilai 13 da ya sa'' . " An so " shine haɗin gwiwa tare da samar da kiɗan [[Sweden]] duo NOTD . A ranar 9 ga Oktoba, 2020, ta fito da "Lokaci na Farko", wanda aka yayata yana da alaƙa da sabon kundi. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Das |first=Shaoni |date=October 17, 2020 |title=A New Relationship Has Got Daya Falling Hard In "First Time" |url=https://musictalkers.com/reviews/7516-a-new-relationship-has-got-daya-falling-hard-in-%E2%80%9Cfirst-time%E2%80%9D |access-date=November 4, 2022 |website=Music Talkers - Latest Music News & Artist Exposure |language=en-gb}}</ref> Ya ƙare har kasancewa a kan EP ta ''Bambanci'', wanda aka saki a kan Mayu 14, 2021, tare da "[[Montana]]", wanda ta sake saki kadan a baya, a kan Afrilu 30 da "Bad Girl", wanda ya riga ya tsara a kan Mainstream Top 40 . Ta fito da EP dinta na gaba ''A Tsakanin Mafarkai'' a kan Satumba 16, 2022. A ranar 8 ga Satumba, 2024, Daya yayi wasa a jam'iyyar lawn party na Jami'ar Princeton, tare da NLE Choppa . == Hotuna == * ''Zauna Har yanzu, Kalli Kyawawan'' (2016) === EPs === * ''Daya'' (2015) * ''Bambancin'' (2021) * ''A Tsakanin Mafarki'' (2022) == Rayuwa ta sirri == Daya ya fito a bainar jama'a a matsayin bisexual a watan Oktoba 2018 don Ranar Fitowar Kasa . <ref>{{Cite web |date=October 16, 2018 |title=Pop singer Daya comes out as bisexual |url=https://www.pinknews.co.uk/2018/10/16/daya-comes-out-bisexual/ |access-date=January 9, 2022 |website=Pinknews.co.uk}}</ref> A ranar 2 ga Afrilu, 2021, Daya ta bayyana a shafinta na [[Instagram]] tare da budurwar ta na shekaru uku, Clyde Munroe, bayan ta fitar da guda daya game da ita mai taken "Bad Girl." <ref>{{Cite web |title=Daya Introduces Girlfriend of 3 Years Clyde Munroe: 'She's My Best Friend and My Whole World' |url=https://people.com/music/daya-introduces-girlfriend-clyde-munroe/ |access-date=June 6, 2021 |website=People.com |language=en}}</ref> == Filmography == {| class="wikitable sortable" |+Matsayin talabijin ! Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! class="unsortable" | Lura |- | 2016 | ''Makarantar Rock'' | Ita kanta | "Na Sanya Tafsiri<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> na ka"<br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> (Kashi na 2: kashi na 5) |} == Kyaututtuka da zaɓe == {| class="wikitable" ! scope="col" |Year ! scope="col" |Award !Category ! scope="col" |Work ! scope="col" |Result |- | rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;" |2016 |Radio Disney Music Awards |Best New Artist |Herself |rowspan="4" {{Nom}} |- |MTV Video Music Awards |Best Electronic Video | rowspan="7" |"Don't Let Me Down" |- |Latin American Music Awards |Favorite Dance Song |- |American Music Awards |Collaboration of the Year |- | rowspan="16" |2017 |Grammy Awards |Best Dance Recording<ref name="spin"/> |rowspan="1" {{Won}} |- | rowspan="4" |iHeartRadio Music Awards |Dance Song of the Year |rowspan="6" {{Nom}} |- |Best Collaboration |- |Best Music Video |- |Best New Pop Artist | rowspan="3" |Herself |- |Kids' Choice Awards<ref>{{Cite web |title=2017 Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards |url=http://kca.nick.tv/vote#cat=Favorite-New-Artist |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170205090400/http://kca.nick.tv/vote#cat=Favorite-New-Artist |archive-date=February 5, 2017 |access-date=February 4, 2017}}</ref> |Favorite New Artist |- | rowspan="2" |WDM Radio Awards<ref>{{Cite web |title=WDM Radio Awards 2017 |url=http://los40.com.mx/especiales/wdm-Radio-Awards/nominados-wdm.html?int=news-wdm-40mexico |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170307162620/http://los40.com.mx/especiales/wdm-Radio-Awards/nominados-wdm.html?int=news-wdm-40mexico |archive-date=March 7, 2017 |access-date=February 21, 2017 |website=LOS40}}</ref> |Best Electronic Vocalist |- |Best Trending Track | rowspan="2" |"Don't Let Me Down" |{{Won}} |- | rowspan="3" |Radio Disney Music Awards |Best Dance Track (Best Song to Dance To) |rowspan="8" {{Nom}} |- |Song of the Year |"Sit Still, Look Pretty" |- |Breakout Artist of the Year |Herself |- | rowspan="5" |Billboard Music Awards |Top Hot 100 Song | rowspan="5" |"Don't Let Me Down" |- |Top Selling Song |- |Top Radio Song |- |Top Collaboration |- |Top Dance/Electronic Song |- |- |2020 |Spotify Awards<ref>{{Cite web |last=Reyes, Van |date=February 19, 2020 |title=Conoce a todos los nominados a los Spotify Awards 2020 |url=https://www.nacionrex.com/musica/spotify-awards-200-nominados-categorias-finalistas-premios-20200219-0007.html |access-date=February 22, 2020 |website=nacionrex.com |language=es |archive-date=February 20, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220133355/https://www.nacionrex.com/amp/musica/spotify-awards-200-nominados-categorias-finalistas-premios-20200219-0007.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> |Most-Streamed EDM Female Artist |Herself |{{Nom}} |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist|2}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1998]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 3qkaqtqo9u6jq9s6x2elh5a5wpqto9x 0 89714 826251 561527 2026-04-25T14:05:11Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826251 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{databox}} ''''''kek'''''' (Turanci na Amurka) ko kuki (Turanci na Burtaniya) abinci ne mai ɗanɗano ko kayan zaki wanda yawanci karami ne, mai laushi, kuma mai daɗi. Yawancin lokaci yana ƙunshe da gari, [[sukari]], kwai, da wasu nau'ikan mai, kitse, ko [[man shanu]]. Yana iya haɗawa da wasu sinadaran kamar ruwan inabi, oats, cakulan, ko kwayoyi. Yawancin ƙasashen da ke magana da Ingilishi suna kiran kukis "biscuits", ban da Amurka da Kanada, inda "biscuit" ke nufin nau'in burodi mai sauri. Chewier biscuits wani lokacin ana kiransu "cookies," har ma a cikin Commonwealth. Wasu kukis kuma ana iya sanya musu suna ta hanyar siffarsu, kamar murabba'in kwanan wata ko sanduna. Biscuit ko bambance-bambance na kuki sun haɗa da sandwich biscuits, kamar su custard creams, Jammie Dodgers, Bourbons, da Oreos, tare da marshmallows ko jam cikawa kuma wani lokacin tsoma cikin cakulan ko wani sutura mai dadi. Sau da yawa ana ba da kukis tare da [[Abinsha|abin sha]] kamar [[madara]], kofi, ko [[shayi]] kuma wani lokacin ana tsoma shi, hanyar da ke fitar da karin dandano daga kayan abinci ta hanyar narkar da sukari, yayin da yake taushi da sashi. Ana sayar da kukis da aka yi a masana'antu a cikin shagunan kayan masarufi, shagunan kayan aiki, da injunan siyarwa. Ana sayar da kukis da aka yi da sabo a wuraren yin burodi da Gidajen kofi. == Kalmomin == [[Fayil:Holiday_Cookie_Tray.jpg|thumb|Kayan kwalliya na [[Kirsimeti]] na gargajiya na Amurkatray]] A cikin ƙasashe da yawa masu magana da Ingilishi a waje da [[Amurka ta Arewa|Arewacin Amurka]], gami da Ƙasar Ingila, kalmar da aka fi sani da ita don kek mai kyau ita ce "biscuit". Ana amfani da kalmar "cookie" don bayyana masu farin ciki.<ref name=":0" /> Koyaya, a yankuna da yawa ana amfani da kalmomin biyu. Ana iya kiran akwati da aka yi amfani da shi don adana kukis a matsayin kwalban kukis. A Scotland, ana amfani da kalmar "cookie" a wasu lokuta don bayyana burodi mai sauƙi. Kukis da aka dafa a matsayin wani nau'i mai ƙarfi a kan takardar takarda sannan a yanke su, maimakon a dafa su a matsayin guda ɗaya, ana kiransu '''kukis na mashaya''' a cikin Turanci na Amurka ko '''traybakes''' a cikin Turanci na Burtaniya. == Magana == The word ''cookie'' dates from at least 1701 in Scottish usage where the word meant "plain bun", rather than thin baked good, and so it is not certain whether it is the same word. From 1808, the word "cookie" is attested "...in the sense of "small, flat, sweet cake" in American English. The American use is derived from Dutch {{Lang|nl|koekje}} "little cake", which is a diminutive of "{{Lang|nl|koek}}" ("cake"), which came from the Middle Dutch word "{{Lang|dum|koke}}"<ref name="etymonline">{{Cite web |last=<!--Not stated--> |title=cookie (n.) |url=https://www.etymonline.com/word/cookie |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190901174010/https://www.etymonline.com/word/cookie |archive-date=1 September 2019 |access-date=1 September 2019 |website=etymonline.com |publisher=Online Etymology Dictionary}}</ref> with an informal, dialect variant {{Lang|nl|koekie}}.<ref>{{Cite web |title=7 vertalingen voor het dialectwoord 'koekie' |url=http://www.mijnwoordenboek.nl/dialect-vertaler.php?woord=koekie |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140907165444/http://www.mijnwoordenboek.nl/dialect-vertaler.php?woord=koekie |archive-date=2014-09-07}}</ref> According to the Scottish National Dictionary, its Scottish name may derive from the diminutive form (+ suffix ''-ie'') of the word ''cook'', giving the Middle Scots ''cookie'', ''cooky'' or ''cu(c)kie''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cookie, Cooky, Cu(c)kie, n. |url=https://www.dsl.ac.uk/entry/snd/cookie |access-date=2023-08-04 |website=Dictionary of the Scots Language}}</ref> There was much trade and cultural contact across the North Sea between the Low Countries and Scotland during the Middle Ages, which can also be seen in the history of curling and, perhaps, golf.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2019}}<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2019)">citation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> == Bayyanawa == [[Fayil:Různé_druhy_cukroví_(2).jpg|right|thumb|Kayan abinci iri-iri, gami da kukis na sandwich cike da [[jam]]]] [[Fayil:Biscits_or_cookiess.jpg|thumb|224x224px|Kukis da ake yin burodi a cikin tandaOfur]] Ana yin kukis har sai ya yi tsami ko kuma na tsawon lokaci don tabbatar da ciki mai laushi. Sauran nau'ikan kukis ba a yin burodi ba, kamar nau'ikan kwai na man shanu waɗanda ke amfani da cakulan da aka yi amfani da su maimakon saita ƙwai da gluten na alkama a matsayin mai ɗaurewa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Community |first=The Allrecipes |title=No Bake Cookies |url=https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/9832/no-bake-cookies-i/ |access-date=2022-09-24 |website=Allrecipes |language=en |archive-date=2022-09-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220924073222/https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/9832/no-bake-cookies-i/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ana samar da kukis a cikin nau'o'i daban-daban, ta amfani da sinadaran da suka hada da sukari, kayan yaji, cakulan, [[man shanu]], kwayoyi, ko busassun 'ya'yan itace. Za'a iya tsara ka'idar kukis gaba ɗaya kamar haka. Duk da saukowarsa daga kek da sauran gurasa masu zaki, kuki a kusan dukkanin siffofinsa ya watsar da ruwa a matsayin matsakaici don haɗin kai. Ruwa a cikin kek yana aiki don yin mai laushi kamar yadda zai yiwu, mafi kyau don ba da damar kumfa - wanda ke da alhakin kwaskwarima - don samarwa. A cikin kuki wakili na haɗin kai ya zama wani nau'in mai. Mai, ko a cikin nau'in man shanu, mai na kayan lambu, ko man shanu, sun fi ruwa ruwa da yawa kuma suna narkewa kyauta a yanayin zafi mafi girma. Don haka kek da aka yi da man shanu ko ƙwai a maimakon ruwa ya fi yawa bayan an cire shi daga tanda.  {{Ana bukatan hujja|date=June 2024}}<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)">citation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> Maimakon narkewa kamar yadda ruwa ke yi a cikin kek, mai a cikin kukis ya kasance. Wadannan mai suna cika ramukan da aka kirkira yayin yin burodi ta hanyar kumfa na iskar gas. Wadannan iskar gas sun hada da tururi da aka fitar daga fararen kwai da [[carbon dioxide]] da aka saki ta hanyar dumama foda. Wannan saturating yana samar da mafi kyawun fasalin kuki, kuma hakika duk abincin da aka dafa: crispness cike da danshi (watau mai) wanda ba ya sa abincin da ya tsoma a ciki.  {{Ana bukatan hujja|date=June 2024}}<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)">citation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> == Tarihi == [[Fayil:Thumbprint_Cookies_(7712226646).jpg|left|thumb|Kukis na yatsan hannu]] Kamar kuki-kamar wafers sun wanzu muddin an rubuta burodi, a wani bangare saboda sun tsira da tafiya sosai, amma yawanci ba su da ɗanɗano don a dauke su da kukis ta ƙa'idodin zamani.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lynne Olver |author-link=Lynne Olver |title=The Food Timeline: history notes--cookies, crackers & biscuits |url=http://www.foodtimeline.org/foodcookies.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120717061521/http://www.foodtimeline.org/foodcookies.html |archive-date=2012-07-17 |website=foodtimeline.org}}</ref> Kukis sun bayyana sun samo asali ne a karni na 7 AD [[Iran|Farisa]], jim kadan bayan amfani da sukari ya zama ruwan dare a yankin.<ref name="whatscookingamerica">{{Cite web |title=History of Cookies - Cookie History |url=http://whatscookingamerica.net/History/CookieHistory.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081104004501/http://whatscookingamerica.net/History/CookieHistory.htm |archive-date=2008-11-04 |publisher=Whatscookingamerica.net}}</ref> Sun bazu zuwa Turai ta hanyar mamayar musulmi a Spain. A karni na 14, sun zama ruwan dare a duk matakan al'umma a duk faɗin Turai, daga abinci na sarauta zuwa masu sayar da titi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 June 2015 |title=History of Cookies |url=https://whatscookingamerica.net/History/CookieHistory.htm |access-date=7 February 2021 |website=whatscookingamerica.net}}</ref> Misali na farko da aka rubuta game da mutumin gingerbread mai siffar adadi ya kasance a kotun [[Elizabeth I|Elizabeth I ta Ingila]] a karni na 16. Tana da siffofin gurasar ginger da aka yi kuma aka gabatar da su a cikin kamannin wasu daga cikin manyan baƙi. Tare da tafiye-tafiye na duniya da ya zama gama gari a wannan lokacin, kukis ya zama abokin tafiye-tarayye na halitta, daidaitaccen zamani na kekunan tafiye-tallace da aka yi amfani da su a cikin tarihi. Ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun kukis na farko, wanda ya yi tafiya sosai kuma ya zama sananne a kowace nahiya da irin waɗannan sunaye, shine jumble, kukis mai wuya da aka yi da yawa daga kwayoyi, mai zaki, da ruwa. ==Manazarta== [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 8y0kvwrkd3shsgvvj9e4sbdy9c03cpg 0 90300 826611 565294 2026-04-26T09:53:50Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826611 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Efe Afe''' ɗan siyasan [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]] ne. Shi mamba ne mai wakiltar mazaɓar Okpe/Sapele/Uvwie a [[Majalisar Wakilai (Najeriya)|majalisar wakilai]]. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Legislator Details - ConsTrack Track and Report on Governement Funded Projects in Nigeria |url=https://constrack.ng/legislator_details?id=91 |access-date=2024-12-28 |website=constrack.ng }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Citizen Science Nigeria |url=https://citizensciencenigeria.org/public-offices/persons/oberuakpefe-anthony-afe |access-date=2024-12-28 |website=citizensciencenigeria.org |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Efe Afe a shekarar 1967 kuma ɗan asalin [[Delta (jiha)|jihar Delta]] ne. <ref name=":0"/> <ref name=":1"/> == Aikin siyasa == Ya taɓa zama ɗan majalisar dokokin jihar Delta daga shekarun 1999 zuwa 2011. A shekarar 2019 an zaɓe shi a ƙarƙashin [[Peoples Democratic Party|jam’iyyar]] PDP a matsayin ɗan majalisar tarayya mai wakiltar mazaɓar Okpe/Sapele/Uvwie. <ref name=":0"/> <ref name=":1"/> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutane daga Jihar Delta]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1967]] hhmt84w6p3lv9vzxa7jpg5gj3qp9qud 0 93192 826386 822298 2026-04-26T03:40:10Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826386 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dolores Alexander''' (10 ga Agusta, 1931 - 13 ga Mayu, 2008) ta kasance 'yar jarida ce kuma 'yar mata da aka fi sani da aikinta a matsayin Babban Darakta a cikin Ƙungiyar Mata ta Kasa (NOW) daga 1969-1970, a matsayin mai haɗin gwiwar gidan cin abinci na mata Mother Courage daga 1972-1977, kuma co-kafa Women Against Pornography (WAP) a 1979.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Collection: Dolores Alexander papers {{!}} Smith College Finding Aids |url=https://findingaids.smith.edu/repositories/2/resources/823 |access-date=2024-04-01 |website=findingaids.smith.edu}}</ref> Har zuwa mutuwarta, a shekara ta 2008, ta ci gaba da yin imani da bukatar yunkurin kare hakkin mata a zamanin yau, tana mai cewa "Yana da tsattsauran ra'ayi, kuma ban san idan za ku iya kawar da shi ba".<ref name="death" /> == Rayuwar farko da aiki == An haifi Dolores Alexander a Newark, New Jersey ga ma'aikatan masana'antu Dominick DeCarlo da Sally née Koraleski . [1] Ta halarci makarantun Roman Katolika a New Jersey kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin magatakarda na ofishin Equitable bayan kammala karatun sakandare. Duk da sha'awar mahaifinta, Alexander ta shiga Jami'ar New York, inda ta sadu da Aaron Alexander, wanda ya shiga cikin shirin masanin ilimi. Sun yi aure a shekara ta 1950, amma sun sake aure bayan shekaru 5.[1] A shekara ta 1961 ta kammala karatu daga Kwalejin Birnin New York tare da digiri na farko a fannin Harshe da Littattafai. A ''Lokaci'' da ta fi girma a cikin shekara ta yi aiki a The New York Times a matsayin mai ba da gudummawa na watanni 10, tana samun kwarewa a aikin jarida da kuma ɗanɗano na farko na jima'i a cikin fagen labarai: yayin da take neman matsayi a Times, ma'aikacin namiji bai hayar ta a matsayin "yarinya" ba saboda hakan zai "ya haifar da juyin juya hali a cikin gidan labarai". Bayan kammala karatunta, ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da rahoto, edita mai kwafi da kuma Shugaban ofishin a Newark Evening News daga 1961 zuwa 1964. Daga nan sai ta ci gaba da aiki a matsayin mai ba da rahoto, edita mai kwafi da mataimakin edita mata a Newsday, kuma tana aiki a matsayin marubuciya mai mahimmanci ga mujallar karshen mako ta wallafe-wallafen har zuwa 1969.<ref name=":1"/> == Yancin mata == <blockquote>Har zuwa wannan lokacin koyaushe ina jin kamar weirdo, mutumin da kawai ya ji ba daidai ba ne da duniya da ke kewaye da ita. Na san muna bukatar ƙungiyar mata. Wannan shi ne abin da nake jira. - Dolores Alexander, 2007.</blockquote>A cikin 1966, yayin da yake aiki a Newsday, Alexander ya haɗu da Sanarwar manema labarai da ke sanar da kirkirar sabuwar kungiyar kare hakkin mata: Ƙungiyar Mata ta Kasa (NOW). Ta yi hira da Betty Friedan kuma tare da kwarewarta ta kafofin watsa labarai, ta zama shugabar Kwamitin Kula da Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙasa kan Hoton Mata a cikin Mass Media . Bayan dawowa zuwa Newsday, Alexander ya sanya hannu kan kowace mace a cikin ɗakin labarai, har ma ya ba da damar biyan kuɗin $ 5 ga mata waɗanda ba za su iya zama mambobi ba.<ref name=":1"/> A watan Disamba na shekara ta 1968, Alexander ya ba da shawarar sabon matsayi a NOW, Babban Darakta, wanda zai kafa ofishin New York don amsa wasika, ya fitar da wata takarda, kuma ya yi wasu ayyukan ƙungiya ga NOW. Alexander ta bar aikinta a Newsday kuma ta fara aiki a matsayin Babban Darakta a hukumance a watan Fabrairun 1969. Alexander ya yi niyyar matsayin Babban Darakta ya zama aikin ɗan lokaci don ta iya aiki a kan rubuce-rubuce masu zaman kansu don ƙara yawan kuɗin shiga, amma aikin ya ƙare yana ɗaukar duk lokacinta.<ref name=":1"/> A wannan lokacin, kasancewar 'yan mata a cikin Ƙungiyar Mata ta Kasa ta zama mafi bayyane ga membobinta da manema labarai. Alexander da sauran mambobin NOW sun tuna Rita Mae Brown ta halarci taron New York City a watan Disamba na shekara ta 1968 kuma tana magana da kanta a matsayin "mazabarku ta gida", wanda ya ba kungiyar mamaki. Bayan 'yan watanni, [[Ivy Bottini]], a lokacin Shugaban Birnin New York NOW, ya gaya wa Alexander dalilin da ya sa ta bar mijinta shi ne cewa ita 'yar luwaɗi ce. Bottini ya kuma karfafa Alexander ya dauki Rita Mae Brown a matsayin budewa a ofishin kasa na NOW. Alexander ya hayar Brown kuma ya tabbatar da Bottini cewa har yanzu za su zama abokai ba tare da warware ra'ayinta game da lesbianism ba.<ref name=":1"/> Bayan dawowa daga wani biki a Fadar White House a Washington, DC, Alexander ya yi magana da Brown game da dangantakarta da Jean Faust, wani fitaccen memba na New York City NOW. A lokacin tattaunawarsu, Alexander ya ƙare da ɗaukar Brown a gado, amma dangantakarsu ta ƙare ba da daɗewa ba lokacin da Alexander ya ji Brown tana tattauna shirye-shiryenta tare da Anselma Dell"Olio don yaudari Betty Friedan da Muriel Fox. Manufar ita ce idan Friedan da Fox suna da kwarewar lesbian, za su kasance a buɗe don tattauna lesbianism a cikin ƙungiyar mata.<ref name=":1"/> Har zuwa wannan lokacin, Alexander da Friedan abokai ne kamar abokan aiki, don haka Alexander ta yanke shawarar cewa ya kamata ta gaya wa Friedan game da abin da ta ji. Alexander ya bayyana cewa kisan auren Friedan na baya-bayan nan tare da ƙaunar da take yi na yaudara zai sauƙaƙa ga Anselma Dell"Olio don yaudarar. Da farko, Friedan ya ɗan yi fushi amma ya yi farin ciki da jin game da tattaunawar amma, bayan ya sami kira da yawa daga Dell "Olio, ta ƙara damuwa game da lesbians a NOW. Brown nan da nan ta yi murabus daga matsayinta.<ref name=":1"/> Bayan wadannan abubuwan, dangantakar Alexander da Friedan ta kara tsanantawa har sai sun kasa aiki tare da juna ba tare da Friedan ya yi ihu ba. A watan Fabrairun 1970, Hukumar NOW ta rage ayyukan aikin Alexander a matsayin hanyar iyakance hulɗarta da Friedan. Koyaya, Alexander ya fahimci wannan a matsayin abin da ya haifar da korar ta bayan 'yan watanni saboda dagewar Friedan cewa a kori Alexander saboda ita 'yar luwaɗi ce. A watan Maris, a taron kasa an cire Alexander daga ayyukanta kuma an tura Ofishin Kasa na NOW zuwa Chicago, kodayake Alexander ta ci gaba da aiki a matsayin Babban Darakta har zuwa Mayu lokacin da ta yi murabus a hukumance.<ref name=":1"/> Alexander ya ci gaba da yin lacca game da haƙƙin mata kuma ya yi aiki tare da New Feminist Talent Collective, wanda Jacqueline Ceballos ta kafa don samar da sabis na masu magana game da ƙungiyar mata. Ta kafa kuma ta shirya Mata da Batsa kuma ta yi aiki tare da New York Radical Feminists . Alexander ya yi aiki a matsayin memba na kwamitin kungiyar National Association for Repeal of Abortion Laws, memba na kwaminisanci na New York NOW kuma memba ne na New York Newspaper Women's Club. Alexander ya kasance sanannen mutum a cikin abubuwan da suka faru da yawa a cikin ƙungiyar mata. Ta taimaka wajen kawo karshen aikin tallace-tallace na wariyar jinsi a cikin The New York Times, ta kasance shaida ga tsarkakewar 'yan mata na Ƙungiyar Mata ta Kasa, <ref name=":1"/> ta shiga cikin Taron Mata na Kasa na 1977 a Houston, da Taron Duniya na huɗu kan Mata a Beijing a 1995 <ref name=":1" /> === Jarumtar uwa === [[File:Mother_Courage_cake.jpg|right|thumb|Manajan Uwar Courage Joyce Vinson, wadanda suka kafa Jill Ward da Dolores Alexander, da kuma manajan Rosemary Gaffney, suna bikin cika shekaru 3 na gidan cin abinci]] A watan Mayu na shekara ta 1972, Alexander da Jill Ward sun bude gidan cin abinci na mata na farko a Amurka a Greenwich Village, New York. Da yake a kan 342 West 11th Street, an sanya sunan gidan cin abinci ne bayan jarumar mace, Mother Courage, daga wasan kwaikwayo na Bertolt Brecht.<ref name=":0" /> Tun da yake matan biyu ba su da kwarewar gidan cin abinci a baya, sun ranta kudi daga abokai da abokan aiki da yawa don gyara tsohuwar Abincin rana da ake kira Benny's Soda Luncheonette da Delicatessen. Tare da taimakon abokai da yawa da mahaifin Ward, Alexander da Ward sun sake fasalin wurin gaba ɗaya kuma sun juya shi zuwa sabon gidan cin abinci gaba ɗaya.<ref name=":0" /> Kowace dare a cikin makonni biyu na farko na buɗewar Uwar Courage, Ward da Alexander sun bayyana cewa gidan cin abincin su yana kusa da cin abincin dare. Sun bayyana a cikin sanarwar manema labarai cewa, "...Mother Courage ta zama wurin shakatawa da taruwa na mata a kusa da birni. Mata sun ji daɗi suna zuwa cin abincin dare kadai, tabbas za su shiga cikin akalla wani mutum da suka sani kuma za su iya cin abinci tare da shi. " [1] Wannan ta'aziyya ta kasance saboda gaskiyar cewa yayin da gidan cin abinci ya kasance tare da fasaha, mata sun fi fifiko. Bayan an ba Mother Courage lasisin giya da ruwan inabi a 1973, Joyce Vinson (ɗaya daga cikin manajojin gidan cin abinci na baya), ya bayyana cewa a matsayin mai fafutukar mata, za ta ba da ruwan inafi na farko ga mata koda kuwa baƙi maza ne kawai.[1] An kuma sanya takardun shaida a cikin daidaitattun nesa da masu cin abinci don kada a yi wani zato game da wanda zai biya abincin. Masu cin abinci, duk da haka, ba su ne kawai mutanen da suka fuskanci wannan tsarin ka'idojin mata ba. Uwar Courage ta tabbatar da biyan kowane ma'aikaci albashi iri ɗaya kuma tana da kowane matsayi yana juyawa tsakanin ma'aikata don haka, "kowace mace godiya ga matsalolin kowane mace".[had][1] A ranar 19 ga Mayu, 1975, Uwar Courage ta yi bikin ranar haihuwarta ta uku ta hanyar karbar bakuncin abincin champagne tare da cake a cikin siffar alamar Venus. An gayyaci baƙi sama da 100 (da yawa daga cikinsu sanannun mata ne), ciki har da Gloria Steinem, [[Audre Lorde]], Kate Millett, da sauransu. Kodayake Mother Courage ta buɗe ne kawai har zuwa 1977, ta yi wahayi zuwa ga wasu gidajen cin abinci na mata da yawa don buɗewa a duk faɗin ƙasar. Mawallafi Lucy Komisar sau ɗaya ta bayyana Uwar Courage a matsayin "fiye da gidan cin abinci, wannan wani ɓangare ne na motsi na zamantakewa". == Rayuwa da gado na baya == Ana gudanar da takardun Alexander a cikin Tarin Sophia Smith a Kwalejin Smith <ref name=":1"/> da kuma ɗakin karatu na Schlesinger a [[Jami'ar Harvard]]. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Collection: Papers of NOW officer Dolores Alexander, 1960-1973 {{!}} HOLLIS for |url=https://hollisarchives.lib.harvard.edu/repositories/8/resources/5126 |access-date=2020-05-18 |website=hollisarchives.lib.harvard.edu |archive-date=2022-01-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220130192814/https://hollisarchives.lib.harvard.edu/repositories/8/resources/5126 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Yayin da lafiyarta ta ragu, ta koma baya daga hasken motsi, ta fi son kallon sabon tsara na masu gwagwarmaya "suna jagorantar canji". A ranar 13 ga Mayu, 2008, Alexander ya mutu a Palm Harbor, Florida. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [https://findingaids.smith.edu/repositories/2/archival_objects/89244 Dolores Alexander tarihin baki] daga Shirin Tarihin Magana * [http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:RAD.SCHL:sch00328 Takardun jami'an NOW, 1960-1973: Taimako na Bincike.] [http://radcliffe.harvard.edu/schlesinger-library Laburaren Schlesinger], Cibiyar Radcliffe, Jami'ar Harvard. * [https://findingaids.smith.edu/repositories/2/resources/823 Takardun Dolores Alexander] a Tarin Sophia Smith, tarin musamman na Kwalejin Smith [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1931]] [[Rukuni:Mutuwar 2008]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] tpqkgyzmk6hakmjsrn1ekf11na08ayu 0 94140 826615 820332 2026-04-26T10:18:19Z Abdulrahman tahir shika 24962 Nayi gyara 826615 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Lucy Elizabeth Fry''' (an haife ta ne acikin watan 13 Maris din shekara ta 1992 <ref> name="Hollywood.com">{{Cite web |title=Lucy Fry |url=http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806141607/http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |archive-date=2017-08-06 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=Hollywood.com}}</ref> ) yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta [[Austriya|Australiya]]. An san ta don nuna Zoey a cikin ''Hasken walƙiya'', Lyla a ''Mako: Tsibirin Asirin'', da Lissa Dragomir a cikin fim din ''Vampire Academy.'' An kuma jefa Fry a cikin miniseries na kashi takwas na Hulu ''11.22.63'' a matsayin Marina Oswald, matar Lee Harvey Oswald, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Goldberg |first=Lesley |date=7 April 2015 |title=Chris Cooper, Cherry Jones Set to Co-Star in Hulu's James Franco Starrer '11/22/63' |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/chris-cooper-cherry-jones-set-786740 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |quote=Lucy Fry (Vampire Academy) is Marina Oswald, Lee Harvey Oswald's Russian wife.}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bryant |first=Jacob |date=19 November 2015 |title=Watch: James Franco Stars in Hulu's '11.22.63' |url=https://variety.com/2015/digital/news/video-james-franco-11-22-63-stephen-king-jj-abrams-hulu-1201644710/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]}}</ref> kuma ta taka rawa a cikin jerin talabijin na tsoro na Australiya na cikin shekara ta 2016 ''Wolf Creek'' da Tikka a cikin fim din [[Netflix]] na cikin shekara ta 2017 ''Bright.'' Tun daga cikin shekara ta 2019, ta nuna Stella Gigante a cikin jerin Epix ''Godfather na Harlem''. == Rayuwar farko == [[Fayil:Lucy Fry 2014.jpg|thumb|Lucy Fry]] An haifi Fry a Wooloowin, Queensland, [[Asturaliya|Ostiraliya]] a cikin shekara ta 1992. <ref name="Hollywood.com">{{Cite web |title=Lucy Fry |url=http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806141607/http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |archive-date=2017-08-06 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=Hollywood.com}}</ref> Ta halarci Makarantar Grammar Girls na [[Brisbane]] a Brisbane, Queensland, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Barrett |first=Glenn |year=2021 |title=BRISBANE GIRLS GRAMMAR SCHOOL ENROLMENTS INFORMATION [At a glance] |url=https://www.readkong.com/page/brisbane-girls-grammar-school-enrolments-information-8268975 |access-date=19 January 2025 |website=Brisbane Girls Grammar School |page=3 |via=ReadKong}}</ref> kuma ta fara karatun wasan kwaikwayo tun tana ƙarami, horo tare da kamfanin wasan kwaikwayo na jiki na tushen Brisbane, Zen Zen Zo. A cikin shekara ta 2007, ta kasance ta zo ta biyu a cikin Binciken Model na Mujallar budurwa. == Sana'a == Ta yi bayyanar da ba a yarda da ita ba a wasan karshe na kakar 3 na H 2 O: Just Add Water, a cikin shekara ta 2010. Babban aikinta na farko a talabijin shine Zoey a cikin Hasken walƙiya. Daga nan sai ta ci gaba da yin wasa Lyla, ɗaya daga cikin manyan ayyuka na mermaid, a cikin kakar 1 na Mako: Island of Secrets, a spin-off of H 2 O: Just Add Water . A cikin shekara ta 2014, ta sami babban matsayinta na farko na allo, kamar yadda Lissa Dragomir a ''Kwalejin Vampire'' <ref>{{Cite web |last=Trumbore |first=Dave |date=1 February 2013 |title=Vampire Academy: Blood Sisters to Star Zoey Deutch and Lucy Fry with Mark Waters Directing |url=https://collider.com/zoey-deutch-lucy-fry-vampire-academy-blood-sisters/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Collider (website)|Collider]]}}</ref> da kuma azaman zuma a ''Yanzu Ƙara zuma'' . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=Neala |date=4 August 2013 |title=Portia de Rossi, Hamish Blake – and maybe Ellen – bring a little Honey to Australian movie shoot |url=http://www.news.com.au/entertainment/movies/portia-de-rossi-hamish-blake-8212-and-maybe-ellen-8212-bring-a-little-honey-to-australian-movie-shoot/story-e6frfmvr-1226690727027 |access-date=23 April 2016 |publisher=[[News.com.au]]}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2015, Fry ya haɗu a cikin ''Haɗin Preppie'' gabanin Thomas Mann, yana wasa da rawar Alex. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Harvey |first=Dennis |date=4 November 2015 |title=Film Review: 'The Preppie Connection' |url=https://variety.com/2015/film/reviews/the-preppie-connection-review-1201623869/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |quote=Much as he resents their snobbery, however, Toby can't help being attracted by the social magnetism of the school's leading "preppies," particularly brash ringleader Ellis (Logan Huffman) and his beautiful g.f. Alex (Lucy Fry), representing the moneyed elite of Manhattan and North Carolina, respectively.}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2016, ta fito a cikin fina-finan ''Mista Church'', tare da Eddie Murphy da Britt Robertson, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Scheck |first=Frank |date=22 April 2016 |title='Mr. Church': Tribeca Review |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/mr-church-tribeca-review-887130 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> da kuma ''The Darkness'', tare da Kevin Bacon . Acikin wannan shekarar, ta taka rawar jagora Eve Thorogood a cikin miniseries na Australiya ''Wolf Creek'' . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Newsome |first=Brad |date=12 May 2016 |title=Review: Wolf Creek the TV series emerges as an engrossing new chapter in the cult thriller's story |url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/tv-and-radio/review-wolf-creek-the-tv-series-emerges-as-an-engrossing-new-chapter-in-the-cult-thrillers-story-20160512-gotllw.html |access-date=27 July 2016 |website=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]}}</ref> Ta kuma yi tauraro a cikin ''11.22.63'' tana wasa Marina, matar Lee Harvey Oswald. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Pedersen |first=Erik |date=7 April 2015 |title=Chris Cooper & Others Join Hulu's '11/22/63' Cast; Director Set |url=https://deadline.com/2015/04/chris-cooper-11-22-63-hulu-kevin-macdonald-james-franco-1201405877/ |access-date=26 May 2020 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> A cikin watan Oktoban shekara ta 2016, an jefa Fry a matsayin Tikka, wani matashin elf wanda ya mallaki iko akan sihirin sihiri, a cikin fim ɗin fantasy na cikin shekara ta 2017 ''Bright'' wanda taurari Will Smith da Joel Edgerton. <ref name="Bright">{{Cite web |last=Kit |first=Borys |date=11 October 2016 |title=David Ayer's 'Bright' Lands 'Mr. Church' Actress Lucy Fry (Exclusive) |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/david-ayers-bright-lands-lucy-937362 |access-date=2 February 2017 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> A cikin watan Yulin shekara ta 2017, an jefa Fry don tauraro a matsayin Heidi a cikin fim ɗin ''Ta Bace'' tare da Eiza González . <ref name="Highway">{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr |date=12 July 2017 |title=David Ayer's 'Bright' Lands 'Mr. Church' Actress Lucy Fry (Exclusive) |url=https://deadline.com/2017/07/lucy-fry-eiza-gonzalez-josh-hartnett-blake-berris-highway-alexandra-mcguinness-1202127269/ |access-date=21 July 2017 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> <ref name="missing">{{Cite web |date=5 February 2019 |title=''She's Missing'': Alexandra McGuinness on her new movie |url=https://www.rte.ie/culture/2019/0204/1027423-shes-missing-alexandra-mcguinness-on-her-new-movie/ |access-date=22 February 2019 |publisher=Raidió Teilifís Éireann}}</ref> [[Fayil:Lucy Fry (35335289093).jpg|thumb|Lucy Fry]] A cikin Yuli 2019, ta shiga cikin simintin ''gyare-gyare na Ƙarshe'', ɗan wasan Ba'amurke da Biritaniya na Tim Kirkby, wanda ya dogara da wani labari ''na Ƙarshe'' na Howard Michael Gould . <ref name="Last Looks">{{Cite web |last=N'Duka |first=Amanda |date=15 July 2019 |title='Bright' Actress Lucy Fry Cast in Action Thriller 'Waldo' |url=https://deadline.com/2019/07/lucy-fry-mel-gibson-charlie-hunnam-waldo-1202646657/ |access-date=5 March 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ritman |first=Alex |date=30 June 2020 |title=Mel Gibson Has Busy Film Slate Despite Renewed Anti-Semitism Claim |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/mel-gibson-has-busy-film-slate-renewed-anti-semitism-claim-1300903 |access-date=30 June 2020 |website=The Hollywood Reporter}}</ref> A cikin wannan shekarar, an gan ta a matsayin Stella Gigante a cikin jerin wasan kwaikwayo na laifi ''Godfather na Harlem'', wanda aka fara a watan Satumba na 2019 akan Epix . <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 September 2019 |title=Interview with Godfather of Harlem's Lucy Fry |url=https://www.lofficielusa.com/film-tv/lucy-fry-editorial-interview-2019 |access-date=19 February 2020 |publisher=L'Officiel USA}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Petski |first=Denise |date=7 December 2022 |title='Godfather of Harlem' Season 3 Cast Includes Yul Vázquez |url=https://deadline.com/2022/12/godfather-of-harlem-season-3-cast-yul-vazquez-1235192351/ |access-date=13 December 2022 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> A cikin watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2020, an ba da sanarwar cewa za ta yi tauraro a cikin fim ɗin ''Night Teeth'' [[Netflix|na Netflix]] mai ban sha'awa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr |date=3 February 2020 |title=Netflix Sets Jorge Lendeborg Jr For Lead In 'Night Teeth'; Debby Ryan, Lucy Fry, Alfie Allen & Raúl Castillo Bring The Terror |url=https://deadline.com/2020/02/netflix-night-teeth-jorge-lendeborg-jr-debby-ryan-lucy-fry-alfie-allen-1202850158/ |access-date=19 February 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> == Filmography == === Fim === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! class="unsortable" | Bayanan kula |- | 2014 | ''Vampire Academy'' | Lissa Dragomir | |- | rowspan="2" | 2015 | ''Yanzu ƙara zuma'' | Honey Halloway | |- | ''Haɗin Preppie'' | Alex Hayes | |- | rowspan="2" | 2016 | ''Mista Church'' | Poppy | Asalin suna ''Henry Joseph Church'' |- | ''Duhu'' | Stephanie Taylor asalin | Asalin suna ''6 Miranda Drive'' |- | 2017 | ''Mai haske'' | Tikka | Fim mai gudana kai tsaye <ref name="Bright"/> |- | 2019 | ''Ta Bace'' | Heidi | |- | 2021 | ''Hakora Dare'' | Zoe | Fim mai gudana kai tsaye <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr. |date=3 February 2020 |title=Netflix Sets Jorge Lendeborg Jr For Lead In 'Night Teeth;' Debby Ryan, Lucy Fry & Alfie Allen Bring The Terror |url=https://deadline.com/2020/02/netflix-night-teeth-jorge-lendeborg-jr-debby-ryan-lucy-fry-alfie-allen-1202850158/ |access-date=3 February 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> |- | 2022 | ''Kallon Karshe'' | Jayne White | Asalin mai suna ''Waldo'' <ref name="Last Looks"/> |} === Talabijin === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! class="unsortable" | Bayanan kula |- | 2010 | ''H <nowiki><sub id="mwARQ">2</sub></nowiki> O: Kawai Ƙara Ruwa'' | dalibi a Graduation | Episode: "Graduation"; wanda ba a yarda da shi ba <ref name="net10">{{Cite web |title=Mako Mermaids – Lucy Fry |url=http://ten.com.au/tvshows/mako-8304.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130909231930/http://ten.com.au/tvshows/mako-8304.htm |archive-date=9 September 2013 |access-date=9 August 2013}}</ref> |- | 2012 | ''Wurin Walƙiya'' | Zoey | Babban rawa |- | rowspan="2" | 2013 | ''Likitocin Reef'' | Josie | Episode: "Kashi Na Biyar" |- | ''Mako: Tsibirin Asirin'' | Lyla | Babban rawar (lokaci na 1) |- | rowspan="2" | 2016 | ''11.22.63'' | Marina Oswald | Babban rawa |- | ''Wolf Creek'' | Hauwa Thorogood | Matsayin jagora<br /><br /><br /><br /> Kyautar Fangoria Chainsaw don Kyautar Jarumar TV (2017) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Never mind Oscar, here's the 2017 Fangoria Chainsaw Awards Nominees Ballot! |url=http://www.fangoria.com/new/never-mind-oscar-heres-the-2017-fangoria-chainsaw-awards-nominees-ballot/ |access-date=14 February 2017 |website=Fangoria® |archive-date=6 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806233824/http://fangoria.com/new/never-mind-oscar-heres-the-2017-fangoria-chainsaw-awards-nominees-ballot/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | 2019 - yanzu | ''Sunan mahaifi Harlem'' | Stella Gigante | Babban rawa |} === Bidiyon kiɗa === * Thirsty Merc (2010) na Tommy da Krista <ref name="net10"/> == Gidan wasan kwaikwayo == {| class="wikitable sortable" ! scope="col" |Shekara ! scope="col" | Aiki ! scope="col" | Matsayi |- | rowspan="3" | 2007 | ''Labarin Ruwa'' | Tsohon Mariner |- | ''Wasan Maze mai ban mamaki na Mr A'' | Suzie |- | ''Dole ne Nunin ya Ci gaba'' | Tsana |- | rowspan="4" | 2008 | ''Mafarkin Daren Tsakar Rani'' | Wannan be |- | ''Hotunan Wasa'' | Mai yin Roving |- | ''Tafiya mara ganuwa'' | Lucy |- | ''Ramalama'' | Mai Yin Jiki |- | rowspan="3" | 2009 | ''bakin teku'' | Serena |- | ''Ƙarni masu ƙirƙira'' | Kifin zaki |- | ''Sarki Oedipus'' | Manzo |- | 2010 | ''Jakar Bace'' | Mai yin Roving |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1992]] 30xjjj0znw8dw0qfcoe4edjfxoodbiz 826616 826615 2026-04-26T10:21:42Z Pharouqenr 25549 826616 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Lucy Elizabeth Fry''' (an haife ta ne acikin watan 13 Maris din shekara ta 1992<ref> name="Hollywood.com">{{Cite web |title=Lucy Fry |url=http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806141607/http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |archive-date=2017-08-06 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=Hollywood.com}}</ref> ) yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta [[Austriya|Australiya]]. An san ta don nuna Zoey a cikin ''Hasken walƙiya'', Lyla a ''Mako: Tsibirin Asirin'', da Lissa Dragomir a cikin fim din ''Vampire Academy.'' An kuma jefa Fry a cikin miniseries na kashi takwas na Hulu ''11.22.63'' a matsayin Marina Oswald, matar Lee Harvey Oswald, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Goldberg |first=Lesley |date=7 April 2015 |title=Chris Cooper, Cherry Jones Set to Co-Star in Hulu's James Franco Starrer '11/22/63' |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/chris-cooper-cherry-jones-set-786740 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |quote=Lucy Fry (Vampire Academy) is Marina Oswald, Lee Harvey Oswald's Russian wife.}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bryant |first=Jacob |date=19 November 2015 |title=Watch: James Franco Stars in Hulu's '11.22.63' |url=https://variety.com/2015/digital/news/video-james-franco-11-22-63-stephen-king-jj-abrams-hulu-1201644710/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]}}</ref> kuma ta taka rawa a cikin jerin talabijin na tsoro na Australiya na cikin shekara ta 2016 ''Wolf Creek'' da Tikka a cikin fim din [[Netflix]] na cikin shekara ta 2017 ''Bright.'' Tun daga cikin shekara ta 2019, ta nuna Stella Gigante a cikin jerin Epix ''Godfather na Harlem''. == Rayuwar farko == [[Fayil:Lucy Fry 2014.jpg|thumb|Lucy Fry]] An haifi Fry a Wooloowin, Queensland, [[Asturaliya|Ostiraliya]] a cikin shekara ta 1992. <ref name="Hollywood.com">{{Cite web |title=Lucy Fry |url=http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806141607/http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |archive-date=2017-08-06 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=Hollywood.com}}</ref> Ta halarci Makarantar Grammar Girls na [[Brisbane]] a Brisbane, Queensland, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Barrett |first=Glenn |year=2021 |title=BRISBANE GIRLS GRAMMAR SCHOOL ENROLMENTS INFORMATION [At a glance] |url=https://www.readkong.com/page/brisbane-girls-grammar-school-enrolments-information-8268975 |access-date=19 January 2025 |website=Brisbane Girls Grammar School |page=3 |via=ReadKong}}</ref> kuma ta fara karatun wasan kwaikwayo tun tana ƙarami, horo tare da kamfanin wasan kwaikwayo na jiki na tushen Brisbane, Zen Zen Zo. A cikin shekara ta 2007, ta kasance ta zo ta biyu a cikin Binciken Model na Mujallar budurwa. == Sana'a == Ta yi bayyanar da ba a yarda da ita ba a wasan karshe na kakar 3 na H 2 O: Just Add Water, a cikin shekara ta 2010. Babban aikinta na farko a talabijin shine Zoey a cikin Hasken walƙiya. Daga nan sai ta ci gaba da yin wasa Lyla, ɗaya daga cikin manyan ayyuka na mermaid, a cikin kakar 1 na Mako: Island of Secrets, a spin-off of H 2 O: Just Add Water . A cikin shekara ta 2014, ta sami babban matsayinta na farko na allo, kamar yadda Lissa Dragomir a ''Kwalejin Vampire'' <ref>{{Cite web |last=Trumbore |first=Dave |date=1 February 2013 |title=Vampire Academy: Blood Sisters to Star Zoey Deutch and Lucy Fry with Mark Waters Directing |url=https://collider.com/zoey-deutch-lucy-fry-vampire-academy-blood-sisters/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Collider (website)|Collider]]}}</ref> da kuma azaman zuma a ''Yanzu Ƙara zuma'' . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=Neala |date=4 August 2013 |title=Portia de Rossi, Hamish Blake – and maybe Ellen – bring a little Honey to Australian movie shoot |url=http://www.news.com.au/entertainment/movies/portia-de-rossi-hamish-blake-8212-and-maybe-ellen-8212-bring-a-little-honey-to-australian-movie-shoot/story-e6frfmvr-1226690727027 |access-date=23 April 2016 |publisher=[[News.com.au]]}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2015, Fry ya haɗu a cikin ''Haɗin Preppie'' gabanin Thomas Mann, yana wasa da rawar Alex. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Harvey |first=Dennis |date=4 November 2015 |title=Film Review: 'The Preppie Connection' |url=https://variety.com/2015/film/reviews/the-preppie-connection-review-1201623869/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |quote=Much as he resents their snobbery, however, Toby can't help being attracted by the social magnetism of the school's leading "preppies," particularly brash ringleader Ellis (Logan Huffman) and his beautiful g.f. Alex (Lucy Fry), representing the moneyed elite of Manhattan and North Carolina, respectively.}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2016, ta fito a cikin fina-finan ''Mista Church'', tare da Eddie Murphy da Britt Robertson, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Scheck |first=Frank |date=22 April 2016 |title='Mr. Church': Tribeca Review |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/mr-church-tribeca-review-887130 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> da kuma ''The Darkness'', tare da Kevin Bacon . Acikin wannan shekarar, ta taka rawar jagora Eve Thorogood a cikin miniseries na Australiya ''Wolf Creek'' . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Newsome |first=Brad |date=12 May 2016 |title=Review: Wolf Creek the TV series emerges as an engrossing new chapter in the cult thriller's story |url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/tv-and-radio/review-wolf-creek-the-tv-series-emerges-as-an-engrossing-new-chapter-in-the-cult-thrillers-story-20160512-gotllw.html |access-date=27 July 2016 |website=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]}}</ref> Ta kuma yi tauraro a cikin ''11.22.63'' tana wasa Marina, matar Lee Harvey Oswald. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Pedersen |first=Erik |date=7 April 2015 |title=Chris Cooper & Others Join Hulu's '11/22/63' Cast; Director Set |url=https://deadline.com/2015/04/chris-cooper-11-22-63-hulu-kevin-macdonald-james-franco-1201405877/ |access-date=26 May 2020 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> A cikin watan Oktoban shekara ta 2016, an jefa Fry a matsayin Tikka, wani matashin elf wanda ya mallaki iko akan sihirin sihiri, a cikin fim ɗin fantasy na cikin shekara ta 2017 ''Bright'' wanda taurari Will Smith da Joel Edgerton. <ref name="Bright">{{Cite web |last=Kit |first=Borys |date=11 October 2016 |title=David Ayer's 'Bright' Lands 'Mr. Church' Actress Lucy Fry (Exclusive) |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/david-ayers-bright-lands-lucy-937362 |access-date=2 February 2017 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> A cikin watan Yulin shekara ta 2017, an jefa Fry don tauraro a matsayin Heidi a cikin fim ɗin ''Ta Bace'' tare da Eiza González . <ref name="Highway">{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr |date=12 July 2017 |title=David Ayer's 'Bright' Lands 'Mr. Church' Actress Lucy Fry (Exclusive) |url=https://deadline.com/2017/07/lucy-fry-eiza-gonzalez-josh-hartnett-blake-berris-highway-alexandra-mcguinness-1202127269/ |access-date=21 July 2017 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> <ref name="missing">{{Cite web |date=5 February 2019 |title=''She's Missing'': Alexandra McGuinness on her new movie |url=https://www.rte.ie/culture/2019/0204/1027423-shes-missing-alexandra-mcguinness-on-her-new-movie/ |access-date=22 February 2019 |publisher=Raidió Teilifís Éireann}}</ref> [[Fayil:Lucy Fry (35335289093).jpg|thumb|Lucy Fry]] A cikin Yuli 2019, ta shiga cikin simintin ''gyare-gyare na Ƙarshe'', ɗan wasan Ba'amurke da Biritaniya na Tim Kirkby, wanda ya dogara da wani labari ''na Ƙarshe'' na Howard Michael Gould . <ref name="Last Looks">{{Cite web |last=N'Duka |first=Amanda |date=15 July 2019 |title='Bright' Actress Lucy Fry Cast in Action Thriller 'Waldo' |url=https://deadline.com/2019/07/lucy-fry-mel-gibson-charlie-hunnam-waldo-1202646657/ |access-date=5 March 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ritman |first=Alex |date=30 June 2020 |title=Mel Gibson Has Busy Film Slate Despite Renewed Anti-Semitism Claim |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/mel-gibson-has-busy-film-slate-renewed-anti-semitism-claim-1300903 |access-date=30 June 2020 |website=The Hollywood Reporter}}</ref> A cikin wannan shekarar, an gan ta a matsayin Stella Gigante a cikin jerin wasan kwaikwayo na laifi ''Godfather na Harlem'', wanda aka fara a watan Satumba na 2019 akan Epix . <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 September 2019 |title=Interview with Godfather of Harlem's Lucy Fry |url=https://www.lofficielusa.com/film-tv/lucy-fry-editorial-interview-2019 |access-date=19 February 2020 |publisher=L'Officiel USA}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Petski |first=Denise |date=7 December 2022 |title='Godfather of Harlem' Season 3 Cast Includes Yul Vázquez |url=https://deadline.com/2022/12/godfather-of-harlem-season-3-cast-yul-vazquez-1235192351/ |access-date=13 December 2022 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> A cikin watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2020, an ba da sanarwar cewa za ta yi tauraro a cikin fim ɗin ''Night Teeth'' [[Netflix|na Netflix]] mai ban sha'awa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr |date=3 February 2020 |title=Netflix Sets Jorge Lendeborg Jr For Lead In 'Night Teeth'; Debby Ryan, Lucy Fry, Alfie Allen & Raúl Castillo Bring The Terror |url=https://deadline.com/2020/02/netflix-night-teeth-jorge-lendeborg-jr-debby-ryan-lucy-fry-alfie-allen-1202850158/ |access-date=19 February 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> == Filmography == === Fim === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! class="unsortable" | Bayanan kula |- | 2014 | ''Vampire Academy'' | Lissa Dragomir | |- | rowspan="2" | 2015 | ''Yanzu ƙara zuma'' | Honey Halloway | |- | ''Haɗin Preppie'' | Alex Hayes | |- | rowspan="2" | 2016 | ''Mista Church'' | Poppy | Asalin suna ''Henry Joseph Church'' |- | ''Duhu'' | Stephanie Taylor asalin | Asalin suna ''6 Miranda Drive'' |- | 2017 | ''Mai haske'' | Tikka | Fim mai gudana kai tsaye <ref name="Bright"/> |- | 2019 | ''Ta Bace'' | Heidi | |- | 2021 | ''Hakora Dare'' | Zoe | Fim mai gudana kai tsaye <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr. |date=3 February 2020 |title=Netflix Sets Jorge Lendeborg Jr For Lead In 'Night Teeth;' Debby Ryan, Lucy Fry & Alfie Allen Bring The Terror |url=https://deadline.com/2020/02/netflix-night-teeth-jorge-lendeborg-jr-debby-ryan-lucy-fry-alfie-allen-1202850158/ |access-date=3 February 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> |- | 2022 | ''Kallon Karshe'' | Jayne White | Asalin mai suna ''Waldo'' <ref name="Last Looks"/> |} === Talabijin === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! class="unsortable" | Bayanan kula |- | 2010 | ''H <nowiki><sub id="mwARQ">2</sub></nowiki> O: Kawai Ƙara Ruwa'' | dalibi a Graduation | Episode: "Graduation"; wanda ba a yarda da shi ba <ref name="net10">{{Cite web |title=Mako Mermaids – Lucy Fry |url=http://ten.com.au/tvshows/mako-8304.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130909231930/http://ten.com.au/tvshows/mako-8304.htm |archive-date=9 September 2013 |access-date=9 August 2013}}</ref> |- | 2012 | ''Wurin Walƙiya'' | Zoey | Babban rawa |- | rowspan="2" | 2013 | ''Likitocin Reef'' | Josie | Episode: "Kashi Na Biyar" |- | ''Mako: Tsibirin Asirin'' | Lyla | Babban rawar (lokaci na 1) |- | rowspan="2" | 2016 | ''11.22.63'' | Marina Oswald | Babban rawa |- | ''Wolf Creek'' | Hauwa Thorogood | Matsayin jagora<br /><br /><br /><br /> Kyautar Fangoria Chainsaw don Kyautar Jarumar TV (2017) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Never mind Oscar, here's the 2017 Fangoria Chainsaw Awards Nominees Ballot! |url=http://www.fangoria.com/new/never-mind-oscar-heres-the-2017-fangoria-chainsaw-awards-nominees-ballot/ |access-date=14 February 2017 |website=Fangoria® |archive-date=6 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806233824/http://fangoria.com/new/never-mind-oscar-heres-the-2017-fangoria-chainsaw-awards-nominees-ballot/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | 2019 - yanzu | ''Sunan mahaifi Harlem'' | Stella Gigante | Babban rawa |} === Bidiyon kiɗa === * Thirsty Merc (2010) na Tommy da Krista <ref name="net10"/> == Gidan wasan kwaikwayo == {| class="wikitable sortable" ! scope="col" |Shekara ! scope="col" | Aiki ! scope="col" | Matsayi |- | rowspan="3" | 2007 | ''Labarin Ruwa'' | Tsohon Mariner |- | ''Wasan Maze mai ban mamaki na Mr A'' | Suzie |- | ''Dole ne Nunin ya Ci gaba'' | Tsana |- | rowspan="4" | 2008 | ''Mafarkin Daren Tsakar Rani'' | Wannan be |- | ''Hotunan Wasa'' | Mai yin Roving |- | ''Tafiya mara ganuwa'' | Lucy |- | ''Ramalama'' | Mai Yin Jiki |- | rowspan="3" | 2009 | ''bakin teku'' | Serena |- | ''Ƙarni masu ƙirƙira'' | Kifin zaki |- | ''Sarki Oedipus'' | Manzo |- | 2010 | ''Jakar Bace'' | Mai yin Roving |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1992]] hutvgls4q1aon9tny0tf31o5jlwoj0w 826617 826616 2026-04-26T10:21:58Z Pharouqenr 25549 826617 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Lucy Elizabeth Fry''' (an haife ta ne acikin watan 13 Maris din shekara ta 1992<ref> name="Hollywood.com">{{Cite web |title=Lucy Fry |url=http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806141607/http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |archive-date=2017-08-06 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=Hollywood.com}}</ref> ) yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta [[Austriya|Australiya]]. An san ta don nuna Zoey a cikin ''Hasken walƙiya'', Lyla a ''Mako: Tsibirin Asirin'', da Lissa Dragomir a cikin fim din ''Vampire Academy.'' An kuma jefa Fry a cikin miniseries na kashi takwas na Hulu ''11.22.63'' a matsayin Marina Oswald, matar Lee Harvey Oswald,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Goldberg |first=Lesley |date=7 April 2015 |title=Chris Cooper, Cherry Jones Set to Co-Star in Hulu's James Franco Starrer '11/22/63' |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/chris-cooper-cherry-jones-set-786740 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |quote=Lucy Fry (Vampire Academy) is Marina Oswald, Lee Harvey Oswald's Russian wife.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bryant |first=Jacob |date=19 November 2015 |title=Watch: James Franco Stars in Hulu's '11.22.63' |url=https://variety.com/2015/digital/news/video-james-franco-11-22-63-stephen-king-jj-abrams-hulu-1201644710/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]}}</ref> kuma ta taka rawa a cikin jerin talabijin na tsoro na Australiya na cikin shekara ta 2016 ''Wolf Creek'' da Tikka a cikin fim din [[Netflix]] na cikin shekara ta 2017 ''Bright.'' Tun daga cikin shekara ta 2019, ta nuna Stella Gigante a cikin jerin Epix ''Godfather na Harlem''. == Rayuwar farko == [[Fayil:Lucy Fry 2014.jpg|thumb|Lucy Fry]] An haifi Fry a Wooloowin, Queensland, [[Asturaliya|Ostiraliya]] a cikin shekara ta 1992. <ref name="Hollywood.com">{{Cite web |title=Lucy Fry |url=http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806141607/http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |archive-date=2017-08-06 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=Hollywood.com}}</ref> Ta halarci Makarantar Grammar Girls na [[Brisbane]] a Brisbane, Queensland, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Barrett |first=Glenn |year=2021 |title=BRISBANE GIRLS GRAMMAR SCHOOL ENROLMENTS INFORMATION [At a glance] |url=https://www.readkong.com/page/brisbane-girls-grammar-school-enrolments-information-8268975 |access-date=19 January 2025 |website=Brisbane Girls Grammar School |page=3 |via=ReadKong}}</ref> kuma ta fara karatun wasan kwaikwayo tun tana ƙarami, horo tare da kamfanin wasan kwaikwayo na jiki na tushen Brisbane, Zen Zen Zo. A cikin shekara ta 2007, ta kasance ta zo ta biyu a cikin Binciken Model na Mujallar budurwa. == Sana'a == Ta yi bayyanar da ba a yarda da ita ba a wasan karshe na kakar 3 na H 2 O: Just Add Water, a cikin shekara ta 2010. Babban aikinta na farko a talabijin shine Zoey a cikin Hasken walƙiya. Daga nan sai ta ci gaba da yin wasa Lyla, ɗaya daga cikin manyan ayyuka na mermaid, a cikin kakar 1 na Mako: Island of Secrets, a spin-off of H 2 O: Just Add Water . A cikin shekara ta 2014, ta sami babban matsayinta na farko na allo, kamar yadda Lissa Dragomir a ''Kwalejin Vampire'' <ref>{{Cite web |last=Trumbore |first=Dave |date=1 February 2013 |title=Vampire Academy: Blood Sisters to Star Zoey Deutch and Lucy Fry with Mark Waters Directing |url=https://collider.com/zoey-deutch-lucy-fry-vampire-academy-blood-sisters/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Collider (website)|Collider]]}}</ref> da kuma azaman zuma a ''Yanzu Ƙara zuma'' . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=Neala |date=4 August 2013 |title=Portia de Rossi, Hamish Blake – and maybe Ellen – bring a little Honey to Australian movie shoot |url=http://www.news.com.au/entertainment/movies/portia-de-rossi-hamish-blake-8212-and-maybe-ellen-8212-bring-a-little-honey-to-australian-movie-shoot/story-e6frfmvr-1226690727027 |access-date=23 April 2016 |publisher=[[News.com.au]]}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2015, Fry ya haɗu a cikin ''Haɗin Preppie'' gabanin Thomas Mann, yana wasa da rawar Alex. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Harvey |first=Dennis |date=4 November 2015 |title=Film Review: 'The Preppie Connection' |url=https://variety.com/2015/film/reviews/the-preppie-connection-review-1201623869/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |quote=Much as he resents their snobbery, however, Toby can't help being attracted by the social magnetism of the school's leading "preppies," particularly brash ringleader Ellis (Logan Huffman) and his beautiful g.f. Alex (Lucy Fry), representing the moneyed elite of Manhattan and North Carolina, respectively.}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2016, ta fito a cikin fina-finan ''Mista Church'', tare da Eddie Murphy da Britt Robertson, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Scheck |first=Frank |date=22 April 2016 |title='Mr. Church': Tribeca Review |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/mr-church-tribeca-review-887130 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> da kuma ''The Darkness'', tare da Kevin Bacon . Acikin wannan shekarar, ta taka rawar jagora Eve Thorogood a cikin miniseries na Australiya ''Wolf Creek'' . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Newsome |first=Brad |date=12 May 2016 |title=Review: Wolf Creek the TV series emerges as an engrossing new chapter in the cult thriller's story |url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/tv-and-radio/review-wolf-creek-the-tv-series-emerges-as-an-engrossing-new-chapter-in-the-cult-thrillers-story-20160512-gotllw.html |access-date=27 July 2016 |website=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]}}</ref> Ta kuma yi tauraro a cikin ''11.22.63'' tana wasa Marina, matar Lee Harvey Oswald. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Pedersen |first=Erik |date=7 April 2015 |title=Chris Cooper & Others Join Hulu's '11/22/63' Cast; Director Set |url=https://deadline.com/2015/04/chris-cooper-11-22-63-hulu-kevin-macdonald-james-franco-1201405877/ |access-date=26 May 2020 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> A cikin watan Oktoban shekara ta 2016, an jefa Fry a matsayin Tikka, wani matashin elf wanda ya mallaki iko akan sihirin sihiri, a cikin fim ɗin fantasy na cikin shekara ta 2017 ''Bright'' wanda taurari Will Smith da Joel Edgerton. <ref name="Bright">{{Cite web |last=Kit |first=Borys |date=11 October 2016 |title=David Ayer's 'Bright' Lands 'Mr. Church' Actress Lucy Fry (Exclusive) |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/david-ayers-bright-lands-lucy-937362 |access-date=2 February 2017 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> A cikin watan Yulin shekara ta 2017, an jefa Fry don tauraro a matsayin Heidi a cikin fim ɗin ''Ta Bace'' tare da Eiza González . <ref name="Highway">{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr |date=12 July 2017 |title=David Ayer's 'Bright' Lands 'Mr. Church' Actress Lucy Fry (Exclusive) |url=https://deadline.com/2017/07/lucy-fry-eiza-gonzalez-josh-hartnett-blake-berris-highway-alexandra-mcguinness-1202127269/ |access-date=21 July 2017 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> <ref name="missing">{{Cite web |date=5 February 2019 |title=''She's Missing'': Alexandra McGuinness on her new movie |url=https://www.rte.ie/culture/2019/0204/1027423-shes-missing-alexandra-mcguinness-on-her-new-movie/ |access-date=22 February 2019 |publisher=Raidió Teilifís Éireann}}</ref> [[Fayil:Lucy Fry (35335289093).jpg|thumb|Lucy Fry]] A cikin Yuli 2019, ta shiga cikin simintin ''gyare-gyare na Ƙarshe'', ɗan wasan Ba'amurke da Biritaniya na Tim Kirkby, wanda ya dogara da wani labari ''na Ƙarshe'' na Howard Michael Gould . <ref name="Last Looks">{{Cite web |last=N'Duka |first=Amanda |date=15 July 2019 |title='Bright' Actress Lucy Fry Cast in Action Thriller 'Waldo' |url=https://deadline.com/2019/07/lucy-fry-mel-gibson-charlie-hunnam-waldo-1202646657/ |access-date=5 March 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ritman |first=Alex |date=30 June 2020 |title=Mel Gibson Has Busy Film Slate Despite Renewed Anti-Semitism Claim |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/mel-gibson-has-busy-film-slate-renewed-anti-semitism-claim-1300903 |access-date=30 June 2020 |website=The Hollywood Reporter}}</ref> A cikin wannan shekarar, an gan ta a matsayin Stella Gigante a cikin jerin wasan kwaikwayo na laifi ''Godfather na Harlem'', wanda aka fara a watan Satumba na 2019 akan Epix . <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 September 2019 |title=Interview with Godfather of Harlem's Lucy Fry |url=https://www.lofficielusa.com/film-tv/lucy-fry-editorial-interview-2019 |access-date=19 February 2020 |publisher=L'Officiel USA}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Petski |first=Denise |date=7 December 2022 |title='Godfather of Harlem' Season 3 Cast Includes Yul Vázquez |url=https://deadline.com/2022/12/godfather-of-harlem-season-3-cast-yul-vazquez-1235192351/ |access-date=13 December 2022 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> A cikin watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2020, an ba da sanarwar cewa za ta yi tauraro a cikin fim ɗin ''Night Teeth'' [[Netflix|na Netflix]] mai ban sha'awa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr |date=3 February 2020 |title=Netflix Sets Jorge Lendeborg Jr For Lead In 'Night Teeth'; Debby Ryan, Lucy Fry, Alfie Allen & Raúl Castillo Bring The Terror |url=https://deadline.com/2020/02/netflix-night-teeth-jorge-lendeborg-jr-debby-ryan-lucy-fry-alfie-allen-1202850158/ |access-date=19 February 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> == Filmography == === Fim === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! class="unsortable" | Bayanan kula |- | 2014 | ''Vampire Academy'' | Lissa Dragomir | |- | rowspan="2" | 2015 | ''Yanzu ƙara zuma'' | Honey Halloway | |- | ''Haɗin Preppie'' | Alex Hayes | |- | rowspan="2" | 2016 | ''Mista Church'' | Poppy | Asalin suna ''Henry Joseph Church'' |- | ''Duhu'' | Stephanie Taylor asalin | Asalin suna ''6 Miranda Drive'' |- | 2017 | ''Mai haske'' | Tikka | Fim mai gudana kai tsaye <ref name="Bright"/> |- | 2019 | ''Ta Bace'' | Heidi | |- | 2021 | ''Hakora Dare'' | Zoe | Fim mai gudana kai tsaye <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr. |date=3 February 2020 |title=Netflix Sets Jorge Lendeborg Jr For Lead In 'Night Teeth;' Debby Ryan, Lucy Fry & Alfie Allen Bring The Terror |url=https://deadline.com/2020/02/netflix-night-teeth-jorge-lendeborg-jr-debby-ryan-lucy-fry-alfie-allen-1202850158/ |access-date=3 February 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> |- | 2022 | ''Kallon Karshe'' | Jayne White | Asalin mai suna ''Waldo'' <ref name="Last Looks"/> |} === Talabijin === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! class="unsortable" | Bayanan kula |- | 2010 | ''H <nowiki><sub id="mwARQ">2</sub></nowiki> O: Kawai Ƙara Ruwa'' | dalibi a Graduation | Episode: "Graduation"; wanda ba a yarda da shi ba <ref name="net10">{{Cite web |title=Mako Mermaids – Lucy Fry |url=http://ten.com.au/tvshows/mako-8304.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130909231930/http://ten.com.au/tvshows/mako-8304.htm |archive-date=9 September 2013 |access-date=9 August 2013}}</ref> |- | 2012 | ''Wurin Walƙiya'' | Zoey | Babban rawa |- | rowspan="2" | 2013 | ''Likitocin Reef'' | Josie | Episode: "Kashi Na Biyar" |- | ''Mako: Tsibirin Asirin'' | Lyla | Babban rawar (lokaci na 1) |- | rowspan="2" | 2016 | ''11.22.63'' | Marina Oswald | Babban rawa |- | ''Wolf Creek'' | Hauwa Thorogood | Matsayin jagora<br /><br /><br /><br /> Kyautar Fangoria Chainsaw don Kyautar Jarumar TV (2017) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Never mind Oscar, here's the 2017 Fangoria Chainsaw Awards Nominees Ballot! |url=http://www.fangoria.com/new/never-mind-oscar-heres-the-2017-fangoria-chainsaw-awards-nominees-ballot/ |access-date=14 February 2017 |website=Fangoria® |archive-date=6 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806233824/http://fangoria.com/new/never-mind-oscar-heres-the-2017-fangoria-chainsaw-awards-nominees-ballot/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | 2019 - yanzu | ''Sunan mahaifi Harlem'' | Stella Gigante | Babban rawa |} === Bidiyon kiɗa === * Thirsty Merc (2010) na Tommy da Krista <ref name="net10"/> == Gidan wasan kwaikwayo == {| class="wikitable sortable" ! scope="col" |Shekara ! scope="col" | Aiki ! scope="col" | Matsayi |- | rowspan="3" | 2007 | ''Labarin Ruwa'' | Tsohon Mariner |- | ''Wasan Maze mai ban mamaki na Mr A'' | Suzie |- | ''Dole ne Nunin ya Ci gaba'' | Tsana |- | rowspan="4" | 2008 | ''Mafarkin Daren Tsakar Rani'' | Wannan be |- | ''Hotunan Wasa'' | Mai yin Roving |- | ''Tafiya mara ganuwa'' | Lucy |- | ''Ramalama'' | Mai Yin Jiki |- | rowspan="3" | 2009 | ''bakin teku'' | Serena |- | ''Ƙarni masu ƙirƙira'' | Kifin zaki |- | ''Sarki Oedipus'' | Manzo |- | 2010 | ''Jakar Bace'' | Mai yin Roving |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1992]] 82y5glnqzvie4supogzg98dsd5moe6j 826618 826617 2026-04-26T10:22:14Z Pharouqenr 25549 826618 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Lucy Elizabeth Fry''' (an haife ta ne acikin watan 13 Maris din shekara ta 1992<ref> name="Hollywood.com">{{Cite web |title=Lucy Fry |url=http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806141607/http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |archive-date=2017-08-06 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=Hollywood.com}}</ref> ) yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta [[Austriya|Australiya]]. An san ta don nuna Zoey a cikin ''Hasken walƙiya'', Lyla a ''Mako: Tsibirin Asirin'', da Lissa Dragomir a cikin fim din ''Vampire Academy.'' An kuma jefa Fry a cikin miniseries na kashi takwas na Hulu ''11.22.63'' a matsayin Marina Oswald, matar Lee Harvey Oswald,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Goldberg |first=Lesley |date=7 April 2015 |title=Chris Cooper, Cherry Jones Set to Co-Star in Hulu's James Franco Starrer '11/22/63' |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/chris-cooper-cherry-jones-set-786740 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |quote=Lucy Fry (Vampire Academy) is Marina Oswald, Lee Harvey Oswald's Russian wife.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bryant |first=Jacob |date=19 November 2015 |title=Watch: James Franco Stars in Hulu's '11.22.63' |url=https://variety.com/2015/digital/news/video-james-franco-11-22-63-stephen-king-jj-abrams-hulu-1201644710/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]}}</ref> kuma ta taka rawa a cikin jerin talabijin na tsoro na Australiya na cikin shekara ta 2016 ''Wolf Creek'' da Tikka a cikin fim din [[Netflix]] na cikin shekara ta 2017 ''Bright.'' Tun daga cikin shekara ta 2019, ta nuna Stella Gigante a cikin jerin Epix ''Godfather na Harlem''. == Rayuwar farko == [[Fayil:Lucy Fry 2014.jpg|thumb|Lucy Fry]] An haifi Fry a Wooloowin, Queensland, [[Asturaliya|Ostiraliya]] a cikin shekara ta 1992.<ref name="Hollywood.com">{{Cite web |title=Lucy Fry |url=http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806141607/http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |archive-date=2017-08-06 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=Hollywood.com}}</ref> Ta halarci Makarantar Grammar Girls na [[Brisbane]] a Brisbane, Queensland,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Barrett |first=Glenn |year=2021 |title=BRISBANE GIRLS GRAMMAR SCHOOL ENROLMENTS INFORMATION [At a glance] |url=https://www.readkong.com/page/brisbane-girls-grammar-school-enrolments-information-8268975 |access-date=19 January 2025 |website=Brisbane Girls Grammar School |page=3 |via=ReadKong}}</ref> kuma ta fara karatun wasan kwaikwayo tun tana ƙarami, horo tare da kamfanin wasan kwaikwayo na jiki na tushen Brisbane, Zen Zen Zo. A cikin shekara ta 2007, ta kasance ta zo ta biyu a cikin Binciken Model na Mujallar budurwa. == Sana'a == Ta yi bayyanar da ba a yarda da ita ba a wasan karshe na kakar 3 na H 2 O: Just Add Water, a cikin shekara ta 2010. Babban aikinta na farko a talabijin shine Zoey a cikin Hasken walƙiya. Daga nan sai ta ci gaba da yin wasa Lyla, ɗaya daga cikin manyan ayyuka na mermaid, a cikin kakar 1 na Mako: Island of Secrets, a spin-off of H 2 O: Just Add Water . A cikin shekara ta 2014, ta sami babban matsayinta na farko na allo, kamar yadda Lissa Dragomir a ''Kwalejin Vampire'' <ref>{{Cite web |last=Trumbore |first=Dave |date=1 February 2013 |title=Vampire Academy: Blood Sisters to Star Zoey Deutch and Lucy Fry with Mark Waters Directing |url=https://collider.com/zoey-deutch-lucy-fry-vampire-academy-blood-sisters/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Collider (website)|Collider]]}}</ref> da kuma azaman zuma a ''Yanzu Ƙara zuma'' . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=Neala |date=4 August 2013 |title=Portia de Rossi, Hamish Blake – and maybe Ellen – bring a little Honey to Australian movie shoot |url=http://www.news.com.au/entertainment/movies/portia-de-rossi-hamish-blake-8212-and-maybe-ellen-8212-bring-a-little-honey-to-australian-movie-shoot/story-e6frfmvr-1226690727027 |access-date=23 April 2016 |publisher=[[News.com.au]]}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2015, Fry ya haɗu a cikin ''Haɗin Preppie'' gabanin Thomas Mann, yana wasa da rawar Alex. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Harvey |first=Dennis |date=4 November 2015 |title=Film Review: 'The Preppie Connection' |url=https://variety.com/2015/film/reviews/the-preppie-connection-review-1201623869/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |quote=Much as he resents their snobbery, however, Toby can't help being attracted by the social magnetism of the school's leading "preppies," particularly brash ringleader Ellis (Logan Huffman) and his beautiful g.f. Alex (Lucy Fry), representing the moneyed elite of Manhattan and North Carolina, respectively.}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2016, ta fito a cikin fina-finan ''Mista Church'', tare da Eddie Murphy da Britt Robertson, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Scheck |first=Frank |date=22 April 2016 |title='Mr. Church': Tribeca Review |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/mr-church-tribeca-review-887130 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> da kuma ''The Darkness'', tare da Kevin Bacon . Acikin wannan shekarar, ta taka rawar jagora Eve Thorogood a cikin miniseries na Australiya ''Wolf Creek'' . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Newsome |first=Brad |date=12 May 2016 |title=Review: Wolf Creek the TV series emerges as an engrossing new chapter in the cult thriller's story |url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/tv-and-radio/review-wolf-creek-the-tv-series-emerges-as-an-engrossing-new-chapter-in-the-cult-thrillers-story-20160512-gotllw.html |access-date=27 July 2016 |website=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]}}</ref> Ta kuma yi tauraro a cikin ''11.22.63'' tana wasa Marina, matar Lee Harvey Oswald. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Pedersen |first=Erik |date=7 April 2015 |title=Chris Cooper & Others Join Hulu's '11/22/63' Cast; Director Set |url=https://deadline.com/2015/04/chris-cooper-11-22-63-hulu-kevin-macdonald-james-franco-1201405877/ |access-date=26 May 2020 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> A cikin watan Oktoban shekara ta 2016, an jefa Fry a matsayin Tikka, wani matashin elf wanda ya mallaki iko akan sihirin sihiri, a cikin fim ɗin fantasy na cikin shekara ta 2017 ''Bright'' wanda taurari Will Smith da Joel Edgerton. <ref name="Bright">{{Cite web |last=Kit |first=Borys |date=11 October 2016 |title=David Ayer's 'Bright' Lands 'Mr. Church' Actress Lucy Fry (Exclusive) |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/david-ayers-bright-lands-lucy-937362 |access-date=2 February 2017 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> A cikin watan Yulin shekara ta 2017, an jefa Fry don tauraro a matsayin Heidi a cikin fim ɗin ''Ta Bace'' tare da Eiza González . <ref name="Highway">{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr |date=12 July 2017 |title=David Ayer's 'Bright' Lands 'Mr. Church' Actress Lucy Fry (Exclusive) |url=https://deadline.com/2017/07/lucy-fry-eiza-gonzalez-josh-hartnett-blake-berris-highway-alexandra-mcguinness-1202127269/ |access-date=21 July 2017 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> <ref name="missing">{{Cite web |date=5 February 2019 |title=''She's Missing'': Alexandra McGuinness on her new movie |url=https://www.rte.ie/culture/2019/0204/1027423-shes-missing-alexandra-mcguinness-on-her-new-movie/ |access-date=22 February 2019 |publisher=Raidió Teilifís Éireann}}</ref> [[Fayil:Lucy Fry (35335289093).jpg|thumb|Lucy Fry]] A cikin Yuli 2019, ta shiga cikin simintin ''gyare-gyare na Ƙarshe'', ɗan wasan Ba'amurke da Biritaniya na Tim Kirkby, wanda ya dogara da wani labari ''na Ƙarshe'' na Howard Michael Gould . <ref name="Last Looks">{{Cite web |last=N'Duka |first=Amanda |date=15 July 2019 |title='Bright' Actress Lucy Fry Cast in Action Thriller 'Waldo' |url=https://deadline.com/2019/07/lucy-fry-mel-gibson-charlie-hunnam-waldo-1202646657/ |access-date=5 March 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ritman |first=Alex |date=30 June 2020 |title=Mel Gibson Has Busy Film Slate Despite Renewed Anti-Semitism Claim |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/mel-gibson-has-busy-film-slate-renewed-anti-semitism-claim-1300903 |access-date=30 June 2020 |website=The Hollywood Reporter}}</ref> A cikin wannan shekarar, an gan ta a matsayin Stella Gigante a cikin jerin wasan kwaikwayo na laifi ''Godfather na Harlem'', wanda aka fara a watan Satumba na 2019 akan Epix . <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 September 2019 |title=Interview with Godfather of Harlem's Lucy Fry |url=https://www.lofficielusa.com/film-tv/lucy-fry-editorial-interview-2019 |access-date=19 February 2020 |publisher=L'Officiel USA}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Petski |first=Denise |date=7 December 2022 |title='Godfather of Harlem' Season 3 Cast Includes Yul Vázquez |url=https://deadline.com/2022/12/godfather-of-harlem-season-3-cast-yul-vazquez-1235192351/ |access-date=13 December 2022 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> A cikin watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2020, an ba da sanarwar cewa za ta yi tauraro a cikin fim ɗin ''Night Teeth'' [[Netflix|na Netflix]] mai ban sha'awa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr |date=3 February 2020 |title=Netflix Sets Jorge Lendeborg Jr For Lead In 'Night Teeth'; Debby Ryan, Lucy Fry, Alfie Allen & Raúl Castillo Bring The Terror |url=https://deadline.com/2020/02/netflix-night-teeth-jorge-lendeborg-jr-debby-ryan-lucy-fry-alfie-allen-1202850158/ |access-date=19 February 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> == Filmography == === Fim === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! class="unsortable" | Bayanan kula |- | 2014 | ''Vampire Academy'' | Lissa Dragomir | |- | rowspan="2" | 2015 | ''Yanzu ƙara zuma'' | Honey Halloway | |- | ''Haɗin Preppie'' | Alex Hayes | |- | rowspan="2" | 2016 | ''Mista Church'' | Poppy | Asalin suna ''Henry Joseph Church'' |- | ''Duhu'' | Stephanie Taylor asalin | Asalin suna ''6 Miranda Drive'' |- | 2017 | ''Mai haske'' | Tikka | Fim mai gudana kai tsaye <ref name="Bright"/> |- | 2019 | ''Ta Bace'' | Heidi | |- | 2021 | ''Hakora Dare'' | Zoe | Fim mai gudana kai tsaye <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr. |date=3 February 2020 |title=Netflix Sets Jorge Lendeborg Jr For Lead In 'Night Teeth;' Debby Ryan, Lucy Fry & Alfie Allen Bring The Terror |url=https://deadline.com/2020/02/netflix-night-teeth-jorge-lendeborg-jr-debby-ryan-lucy-fry-alfie-allen-1202850158/ |access-date=3 February 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> |- | 2022 | ''Kallon Karshe'' | Jayne White | Asalin mai suna ''Waldo'' <ref name="Last Looks"/> |} === Talabijin === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! class="unsortable" | Bayanan kula |- | 2010 | ''H <nowiki><sub id="mwARQ">2</sub></nowiki> O: Kawai Ƙara Ruwa'' | dalibi a Graduation | Episode: "Graduation"; wanda ba a yarda da shi ba <ref name="net10">{{Cite web |title=Mako Mermaids – Lucy Fry |url=http://ten.com.au/tvshows/mako-8304.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130909231930/http://ten.com.au/tvshows/mako-8304.htm |archive-date=9 September 2013 |access-date=9 August 2013}}</ref> |- | 2012 | ''Wurin Walƙiya'' | Zoey | Babban rawa |- | rowspan="2" | 2013 | ''Likitocin Reef'' | Josie | Episode: "Kashi Na Biyar" |- | ''Mako: Tsibirin Asirin'' | Lyla | Babban rawar (lokaci na 1) |- | rowspan="2" | 2016 | ''11.22.63'' | Marina Oswald | Babban rawa |- | ''Wolf Creek'' | Hauwa Thorogood | Matsayin jagora<br /><br /><br /><br /> Kyautar Fangoria Chainsaw don Kyautar Jarumar TV (2017) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Never mind Oscar, here's the 2017 Fangoria Chainsaw Awards Nominees Ballot! |url=http://www.fangoria.com/new/never-mind-oscar-heres-the-2017-fangoria-chainsaw-awards-nominees-ballot/ |access-date=14 February 2017 |website=Fangoria® |archive-date=6 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806233824/http://fangoria.com/new/never-mind-oscar-heres-the-2017-fangoria-chainsaw-awards-nominees-ballot/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | 2019 - yanzu | ''Sunan mahaifi Harlem'' | Stella Gigante | Babban rawa |} === Bidiyon kiɗa === * Thirsty Merc (2010) na Tommy da Krista <ref name="net10"/> == Gidan wasan kwaikwayo == {| class="wikitable sortable" ! scope="col" |Shekara ! scope="col" | Aiki ! scope="col" | Matsayi |- | rowspan="3" | 2007 | ''Labarin Ruwa'' | Tsohon Mariner |- | ''Wasan Maze mai ban mamaki na Mr A'' | Suzie |- | ''Dole ne Nunin ya Ci gaba'' | Tsana |- | rowspan="4" | 2008 | ''Mafarkin Daren Tsakar Rani'' | Wannan be |- | ''Hotunan Wasa'' | Mai yin Roving |- | ''Tafiya mara ganuwa'' | Lucy |- | ''Ramalama'' | Mai Yin Jiki |- | rowspan="3" | 2009 | ''bakin teku'' | Serena |- | ''Ƙarni masu ƙirƙira'' | Kifin zaki |- | ''Sarki Oedipus'' | Manzo |- | 2010 | ''Jakar Bace'' | Mai yin Roving |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1992]] 44d3drt2rsr5qe3l9fuyqoxmpmztiso 826619 826618 2026-04-26T10:22:29Z Pharouqenr 25549 826619 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Lucy Elizabeth Fry''' (an haife ta ne acikin watan 13 Maris din shekara ta 1992<ref> name="Hollywood.com">{{Cite web |title=Lucy Fry |url=http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806141607/http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |archive-date=2017-08-06 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=Hollywood.com}}</ref> ) yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta [[Austriya|Australiya]]. An san ta don nuna Zoey a cikin ''Hasken walƙiya'', Lyla a ''Mako: Tsibirin Asirin'', da Lissa Dragomir a cikin fim din ''Vampire Academy.'' An kuma jefa Fry a cikin miniseries na kashi takwas na Hulu ''11.22.63'' a matsayin Marina Oswald, matar Lee Harvey Oswald,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Goldberg |first=Lesley |date=7 April 2015 |title=Chris Cooper, Cherry Jones Set to Co-Star in Hulu's James Franco Starrer '11/22/63' |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/chris-cooper-cherry-jones-set-786740 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |quote=Lucy Fry (Vampire Academy) is Marina Oswald, Lee Harvey Oswald's Russian wife.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bryant |first=Jacob |date=19 November 2015 |title=Watch: James Franco Stars in Hulu's '11.22.63' |url=https://variety.com/2015/digital/news/video-james-franco-11-22-63-stephen-king-jj-abrams-hulu-1201644710/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]}}</ref> kuma ta taka rawa a cikin jerin talabijin na tsoro na Australiya na cikin shekara ta 2016 ''Wolf Creek'' da Tikka a cikin fim din [[Netflix]] na cikin shekara ta 2017 ''Bright.'' Tun daga cikin shekara ta 2019, ta nuna Stella Gigante a cikin jerin Epix ''Godfather na Harlem''. == Rayuwar farko == [[Fayil:Lucy Fry 2014.jpg|thumb|Lucy Fry]] An haifi Fry a Wooloowin, Queensland, [[Asturaliya|Ostiraliya]] a cikin shekara ta 1992.<ref name="Hollywood.com">{{Cite web |title=Lucy Fry |url=http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806141607/http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |archive-date=2017-08-06 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=Hollywood.com}}</ref> Ta halarci Makarantar Grammar Girls na [[Brisbane]] a Brisbane, Queensland,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Barrett |first=Glenn |year=2021 |title=BRISBANE GIRLS GRAMMAR SCHOOL ENROLMENTS INFORMATION [At a glance] |url=https://www.readkong.com/page/brisbane-girls-grammar-school-enrolments-information-8268975 |access-date=19 January 2025 |website=Brisbane Girls Grammar School |page=3 |via=ReadKong}}</ref> kuma ta fara karatun wasan kwaikwayo tun tana ƙarami, horo tare da kamfanin wasan kwaikwayo na jiki na tushen Brisbane, Zen Zen Zo. A cikin shekara ta 2007, ta kasance ta zo ta biyu a cikin Binciken Model na Mujallar budurwa. == Sana'a == Ta yi bayyanar da ba a yarda da ita ba a wasan karshe na kakar 3 na H 2 O: Just Add Water, a cikin shekara ta 2010. Babban aikinta na farko a talabijin shine Zoey a cikin Hasken walƙiya. Daga nan sai ta ci gaba da yin wasa Lyla, ɗaya daga cikin manyan ayyuka na mermaid, a cikin kakar 1 na Mako: Island of Secrets, a spin-off of H 2 O: Just Add Water . A cikin shekara ta 2014, ta sami babban matsayinta na farko na allo, kamar yadda Lissa Dragomir a ''Kwalejin Vampire'' <ref>{{Cite web |last=Trumbore |first=Dave |date=1 February 2013 |title=Vampire Academy: Blood Sisters to Star Zoey Deutch and Lucy Fry with Mark Waters Directing |url=https://collider.com/zoey-deutch-lucy-fry-vampire-academy-blood-sisters/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Collider (website)|Collider]]}}</ref> da kuma azaman zuma a ''Yanzu Ƙara zuma.''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=Neala |date=4 August 2013 |title=Portia de Rossi, Hamish Blake – and maybe Ellen – bring a little Honey to Australian movie shoot |url=http://www.news.com.au/entertainment/movies/portia-de-rossi-hamish-blake-8212-and-maybe-ellen-8212-bring-a-little-honey-to-australian-movie-shoot/story-e6frfmvr-1226690727027 |access-date=23 April 2016 |publisher=[[News.com.au]]}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2015, Fry ya haɗu a cikin ''Haɗin Preppie'' gabanin Thomas Mann, yana wasa da rawar Alex. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Harvey |first=Dennis |date=4 November 2015 |title=Film Review: 'The Preppie Connection' |url=https://variety.com/2015/film/reviews/the-preppie-connection-review-1201623869/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |quote=Much as he resents their snobbery, however, Toby can't help being attracted by the social magnetism of the school's leading "preppies," particularly brash ringleader Ellis (Logan Huffman) and his beautiful g.f. Alex (Lucy Fry), representing the moneyed elite of Manhattan and North Carolina, respectively.}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2016, ta fito a cikin fina-finan ''Mista Church'', tare da Eddie Murphy da Britt Robertson, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Scheck |first=Frank |date=22 April 2016 |title='Mr. Church': Tribeca Review |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/mr-church-tribeca-review-887130 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> da kuma ''The Darkness'', tare da Kevin Bacon . Acikin wannan shekarar, ta taka rawar jagora Eve Thorogood a cikin miniseries na Australiya ''Wolf Creek'' . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Newsome |first=Brad |date=12 May 2016 |title=Review: Wolf Creek the TV series emerges as an engrossing new chapter in the cult thriller's story |url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/tv-and-radio/review-wolf-creek-the-tv-series-emerges-as-an-engrossing-new-chapter-in-the-cult-thrillers-story-20160512-gotllw.html |access-date=27 July 2016 |website=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]}}</ref> Ta kuma yi tauraro a cikin ''11.22.63'' tana wasa Marina, matar Lee Harvey Oswald. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Pedersen |first=Erik |date=7 April 2015 |title=Chris Cooper & Others Join Hulu's '11/22/63' Cast; Director Set |url=https://deadline.com/2015/04/chris-cooper-11-22-63-hulu-kevin-macdonald-james-franco-1201405877/ |access-date=26 May 2020 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> A cikin watan Oktoban shekara ta 2016, an jefa Fry a matsayin Tikka, wani matashin elf wanda ya mallaki iko akan sihirin sihiri, a cikin fim ɗin fantasy na cikin shekara ta 2017 ''Bright'' wanda taurari Will Smith da Joel Edgerton. <ref name="Bright">{{Cite web |last=Kit |first=Borys |date=11 October 2016 |title=David Ayer's 'Bright' Lands 'Mr. Church' Actress Lucy Fry (Exclusive) |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/david-ayers-bright-lands-lucy-937362 |access-date=2 February 2017 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> A cikin watan Yulin shekara ta 2017, an jefa Fry don tauraro a matsayin Heidi a cikin fim ɗin ''Ta Bace'' tare da Eiza González . <ref name="Highway">{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr |date=12 July 2017 |title=David Ayer's 'Bright' Lands 'Mr. Church' Actress Lucy Fry (Exclusive) |url=https://deadline.com/2017/07/lucy-fry-eiza-gonzalez-josh-hartnett-blake-berris-highway-alexandra-mcguinness-1202127269/ |access-date=21 July 2017 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> <ref name="missing">{{Cite web |date=5 February 2019 |title=''She's Missing'': Alexandra McGuinness on her new movie |url=https://www.rte.ie/culture/2019/0204/1027423-shes-missing-alexandra-mcguinness-on-her-new-movie/ |access-date=22 February 2019 |publisher=Raidió Teilifís Éireann}}</ref> [[Fayil:Lucy Fry (35335289093).jpg|thumb|Lucy Fry]] A cikin Yuli 2019, ta shiga cikin simintin ''gyare-gyare na Ƙarshe'', ɗan wasan Ba'amurke da Biritaniya na Tim Kirkby, wanda ya dogara da wani labari ''na Ƙarshe'' na Howard Michael Gould . <ref name="Last Looks">{{Cite web |last=N'Duka |first=Amanda |date=15 July 2019 |title='Bright' Actress Lucy Fry Cast in Action Thriller 'Waldo' |url=https://deadline.com/2019/07/lucy-fry-mel-gibson-charlie-hunnam-waldo-1202646657/ |access-date=5 March 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ritman |first=Alex |date=30 June 2020 |title=Mel Gibson Has Busy Film Slate Despite Renewed Anti-Semitism Claim |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/mel-gibson-has-busy-film-slate-renewed-anti-semitism-claim-1300903 |access-date=30 June 2020 |website=The Hollywood Reporter}}</ref> A cikin wannan shekarar, an gan ta a matsayin Stella Gigante a cikin jerin wasan kwaikwayo na laifi ''Godfather na Harlem'', wanda aka fara a watan Satumba na 2019 akan Epix . <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 September 2019 |title=Interview with Godfather of Harlem's Lucy Fry |url=https://www.lofficielusa.com/film-tv/lucy-fry-editorial-interview-2019 |access-date=19 February 2020 |publisher=L'Officiel USA}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Petski |first=Denise |date=7 December 2022 |title='Godfather of Harlem' Season 3 Cast Includes Yul Vázquez |url=https://deadline.com/2022/12/godfather-of-harlem-season-3-cast-yul-vazquez-1235192351/ |access-date=13 December 2022 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> A cikin watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2020, an ba da sanarwar cewa za ta yi tauraro a cikin fim ɗin ''Night Teeth'' [[Netflix|na Netflix]] mai ban sha'awa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr |date=3 February 2020 |title=Netflix Sets Jorge Lendeborg Jr For Lead In 'Night Teeth'; Debby Ryan, Lucy Fry, Alfie Allen & Raúl Castillo Bring The Terror |url=https://deadline.com/2020/02/netflix-night-teeth-jorge-lendeborg-jr-debby-ryan-lucy-fry-alfie-allen-1202850158/ |access-date=19 February 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> == Filmography == === Fim === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! class="unsortable" | Bayanan kula |- | 2014 | ''Vampire Academy'' | Lissa Dragomir | |- | rowspan="2" | 2015 | ''Yanzu ƙara zuma'' | Honey Halloway | |- | ''Haɗin Preppie'' | Alex Hayes | |- | rowspan="2" | 2016 | ''Mista Church'' | Poppy | Asalin suna ''Henry Joseph Church'' |- | ''Duhu'' | Stephanie Taylor asalin | Asalin suna ''6 Miranda Drive'' |- | 2017 | ''Mai haske'' | Tikka | Fim mai gudana kai tsaye <ref name="Bright"/> |- | 2019 | ''Ta Bace'' | Heidi | |- | 2021 | ''Hakora Dare'' | Zoe | Fim mai gudana kai tsaye <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr. |date=3 February 2020 |title=Netflix Sets Jorge Lendeborg Jr For Lead In 'Night Teeth;' Debby Ryan, Lucy Fry & Alfie Allen Bring The Terror |url=https://deadline.com/2020/02/netflix-night-teeth-jorge-lendeborg-jr-debby-ryan-lucy-fry-alfie-allen-1202850158/ |access-date=3 February 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> |- | 2022 | ''Kallon Karshe'' | Jayne White | Asalin mai suna ''Waldo'' <ref name="Last Looks"/> |} === Talabijin === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! class="unsortable" | Bayanan kula |- | 2010 | ''H <nowiki><sub id="mwARQ">2</sub></nowiki> O: Kawai Ƙara Ruwa'' | dalibi a Graduation | Episode: "Graduation"; wanda ba a yarda da shi ba <ref name="net10">{{Cite web |title=Mako Mermaids – Lucy Fry |url=http://ten.com.au/tvshows/mako-8304.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130909231930/http://ten.com.au/tvshows/mako-8304.htm |archive-date=9 September 2013 |access-date=9 August 2013}}</ref> |- | 2012 | ''Wurin Walƙiya'' | Zoey | Babban rawa |- | rowspan="2" | 2013 | ''Likitocin Reef'' | Josie | Episode: "Kashi Na Biyar" |- | ''Mako: Tsibirin Asirin'' | Lyla | Babban rawar (lokaci na 1) |- | rowspan="2" | 2016 | ''11.22.63'' | Marina Oswald | Babban rawa |- | ''Wolf Creek'' | Hauwa Thorogood | Matsayin jagora<br /><br /><br /><br /> Kyautar Fangoria Chainsaw don Kyautar Jarumar TV (2017) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Never mind Oscar, here's the 2017 Fangoria Chainsaw Awards Nominees Ballot! |url=http://www.fangoria.com/new/never-mind-oscar-heres-the-2017-fangoria-chainsaw-awards-nominees-ballot/ |access-date=14 February 2017 |website=Fangoria® |archive-date=6 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806233824/http://fangoria.com/new/never-mind-oscar-heres-the-2017-fangoria-chainsaw-awards-nominees-ballot/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | 2019 - yanzu | ''Sunan mahaifi Harlem'' | Stella Gigante | Babban rawa |} === Bidiyon kiɗa === * Thirsty Merc (2010) na Tommy da Krista <ref name="net10"/> == Gidan wasan kwaikwayo == {| class="wikitable sortable" ! scope="col" |Shekara ! scope="col" | Aiki ! scope="col" | Matsayi |- | rowspan="3" | 2007 | ''Labarin Ruwa'' | Tsohon Mariner |- | ''Wasan Maze mai ban mamaki na Mr A'' | Suzie |- | ''Dole ne Nunin ya Ci gaba'' | Tsana |- | rowspan="4" | 2008 | ''Mafarkin Daren Tsakar Rani'' | Wannan be |- | ''Hotunan Wasa'' | Mai yin Roving |- | ''Tafiya mara ganuwa'' | Lucy |- | ''Ramalama'' | Mai Yin Jiki |- | rowspan="3" | 2009 | ''bakin teku'' | Serena |- | ''Ƙarni masu ƙirƙira'' | Kifin zaki |- | ''Sarki Oedipus'' | Manzo |- | 2010 | ''Jakar Bace'' | Mai yin Roving |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1992]] fxvc00m0rfdd6k8mwi78zb314homvsn 826620 826619 2026-04-26T10:22:42Z Pharouqenr 25549 826620 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Lucy Elizabeth Fry''' (an haife ta ne acikin watan 13 Maris din shekara ta 1992<ref> name="Hollywood.com">{{Cite web |title=Lucy Fry |url=http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806141607/http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |archive-date=2017-08-06 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=Hollywood.com}}</ref> ) yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta [[Austriya|Australiya]]. An san ta don nuna Zoey a cikin ''Hasken walƙiya'', Lyla a ''Mako: Tsibirin Asirin'', da Lissa Dragomir a cikin fim din ''Vampire Academy.'' An kuma jefa Fry a cikin miniseries na kashi takwas na Hulu ''11.22.63'' a matsayin Marina Oswald, matar Lee Harvey Oswald,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Goldberg |first=Lesley |date=7 April 2015 |title=Chris Cooper, Cherry Jones Set to Co-Star in Hulu's James Franco Starrer '11/22/63' |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/chris-cooper-cherry-jones-set-786740 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |quote=Lucy Fry (Vampire Academy) is Marina Oswald, Lee Harvey Oswald's Russian wife.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bryant |first=Jacob |date=19 November 2015 |title=Watch: James Franco Stars in Hulu's '11.22.63' |url=https://variety.com/2015/digital/news/video-james-franco-11-22-63-stephen-king-jj-abrams-hulu-1201644710/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]}}</ref> kuma ta taka rawa a cikin jerin talabijin na tsoro na Australiya na cikin shekara ta 2016 ''Wolf Creek'' da Tikka a cikin fim din [[Netflix]] na cikin shekara ta 2017 ''Bright.'' Tun daga cikin shekara ta 2019, ta nuna Stella Gigante a cikin jerin Epix ''Godfather na Harlem''. == Rayuwar farko == [[Fayil:Lucy Fry 2014.jpg|thumb|Lucy Fry]] An haifi Fry a Wooloowin, Queensland, [[Asturaliya|Ostiraliya]] a cikin shekara ta 1992.<ref name="Hollywood.com">{{Cite web |title=Lucy Fry |url=http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806141607/http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |archive-date=2017-08-06 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=Hollywood.com}}</ref> Ta halarci Makarantar Grammar Girls na [[Brisbane]] a Brisbane, Queensland,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Barrett |first=Glenn |year=2021 |title=BRISBANE GIRLS GRAMMAR SCHOOL ENROLMENTS INFORMATION [At a glance] |url=https://www.readkong.com/page/brisbane-girls-grammar-school-enrolments-information-8268975 |access-date=19 January 2025 |website=Brisbane Girls Grammar School |page=3 |via=ReadKong}}</ref> kuma ta fara karatun wasan kwaikwayo tun tana ƙarami, horo tare da kamfanin wasan kwaikwayo na jiki na tushen Brisbane, Zen Zen Zo. A cikin shekara ta 2007, ta kasance ta zo ta biyu a cikin Binciken Model na Mujallar budurwa. == Sana'a == Ta yi bayyanar da ba a yarda da ita ba a wasan karshe na kakar 3 na H 2 O: Just Add Water, a cikin shekara ta 2010. Babban aikinta na farko a talabijin shine Zoey a cikin Hasken walƙiya. Daga nan sai ta ci gaba da yin wasa Lyla, ɗaya daga cikin manyan ayyuka na mermaid, a cikin kakar 1 na Mako: Island of Secrets, a spin-off of H 2 O: Just Add Water . A cikin shekara ta 2014, ta sami babban matsayinta na farko na allo, kamar yadda Lissa Dragomir a ''Kwalejin Vampire'' <ref>{{Cite web |last=Trumbore |first=Dave |date=1 February 2013 |title=Vampire Academy: Blood Sisters to Star Zoey Deutch and Lucy Fry with Mark Waters Directing |url=https://collider.com/zoey-deutch-lucy-fry-vampire-academy-blood-sisters/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Collider (website)|Collider]]}}</ref> da kuma azaman zuma a ''Yanzu Ƙara zuma.''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=Neala |date=4 August 2013 |title=Portia de Rossi, Hamish Blake – and maybe Ellen – bring a little Honey to Australian movie shoot |url=http://www.news.com.au/entertainment/movies/portia-de-rossi-hamish-blake-8212-and-maybe-ellen-8212-bring-a-little-honey-to-australian-movie-shoot/story-e6frfmvr-1226690727027 |access-date=23 April 2016 |publisher=[[News.com.au]]}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2015, Fry ya haɗu a cikin ''Haɗin Preppie'' gabanin Thomas Mann, yana wasa da rawar Alex.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Harvey |first=Dennis |date=4 November 2015 |title=Film Review: 'The Preppie Connection' |url=https://variety.com/2015/film/reviews/the-preppie-connection-review-1201623869/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |quote=Much as he resents their snobbery, however, Toby can't help being attracted by the social magnetism of the school's leading "preppies," particularly brash ringleader Ellis (Logan Huffman) and his beautiful g.f. Alex (Lucy Fry), representing the moneyed elite of Manhattan and North Carolina, respectively.}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2016, ta fito a cikin fina-finan ''Mista Church'', tare da Eddie Murphy da Britt Robertson, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Scheck |first=Frank |date=22 April 2016 |title='Mr. Church': Tribeca Review |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/mr-church-tribeca-review-887130 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> da kuma ''The Darkness'', tare da Kevin Bacon . Acikin wannan shekarar, ta taka rawar jagora Eve Thorogood a cikin miniseries na Australiya ''Wolf Creek'' . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Newsome |first=Brad |date=12 May 2016 |title=Review: Wolf Creek the TV series emerges as an engrossing new chapter in the cult thriller's story |url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/tv-and-radio/review-wolf-creek-the-tv-series-emerges-as-an-engrossing-new-chapter-in-the-cult-thrillers-story-20160512-gotllw.html |access-date=27 July 2016 |website=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]}}</ref> Ta kuma yi tauraro a cikin ''11.22.63'' tana wasa Marina, matar Lee Harvey Oswald. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Pedersen |first=Erik |date=7 April 2015 |title=Chris Cooper & Others Join Hulu's '11/22/63' Cast; Director Set |url=https://deadline.com/2015/04/chris-cooper-11-22-63-hulu-kevin-macdonald-james-franco-1201405877/ |access-date=26 May 2020 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> A cikin watan Oktoban shekara ta 2016, an jefa Fry a matsayin Tikka, wani matashin elf wanda ya mallaki iko akan sihirin sihiri, a cikin fim ɗin fantasy na cikin shekara ta 2017 ''Bright'' wanda taurari Will Smith da Joel Edgerton. <ref name="Bright">{{Cite web |last=Kit |first=Borys |date=11 October 2016 |title=David Ayer's 'Bright' Lands 'Mr. Church' Actress Lucy Fry (Exclusive) |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/david-ayers-bright-lands-lucy-937362 |access-date=2 February 2017 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> A cikin watan Yulin shekara ta 2017, an jefa Fry don tauraro a matsayin Heidi a cikin fim ɗin ''Ta Bace'' tare da Eiza González . <ref name="Highway">{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr |date=12 July 2017 |title=David Ayer's 'Bright' Lands 'Mr. Church' Actress Lucy Fry (Exclusive) |url=https://deadline.com/2017/07/lucy-fry-eiza-gonzalez-josh-hartnett-blake-berris-highway-alexandra-mcguinness-1202127269/ |access-date=21 July 2017 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> <ref name="missing">{{Cite web |date=5 February 2019 |title=''She's Missing'': Alexandra McGuinness on her new movie |url=https://www.rte.ie/culture/2019/0204/1027423-shes-missing-alexandra-mcguinness-on-her-new-movie/ |access-date=22 February 2019 |publisher=Raidió Teilifís Éireann}}</ref> [[Fayil:Lucy Fry (35335289093).jpg|thumb|Lucy Fry]] A cikin Yuli 2019, ta shiga cikin simintin ''gyare-gyare na Ƙarshe'', ɗan wasan Ba'amurke da Biritaniya na Tim Kirkby, wanda ya dogara da wani labari ''na Ƙarshe'' na Howard Michael Gould . <ref name="Last Looks">{{Cite web |last=N'Duka |first=Amanda |date=15 July 2019 |title='Bright' Actress Lucy Fry Cast in Action Thriller 'Waldo' |url=https://deadline.com/2019/07/lucy-fry-mel-gibson-charlie-hunnam-waldo-1202646657/ |access-date=5 March 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ritman |first=Alex |date=30 June 2020 |title=Mel Gibson Has Busy Film Slate Despite Renewed Anti-Semitism Claim |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/mel-gibson-has-busy-film-slate-renewed-anti-semitism-claim-1300903 |access-date=30 June 2020 |website=The Hollywood Reporter}}</ref> A cikin wannan shekarar, an gan ta a matsayin Stella Gigante a cikin jerin wasan kwaikwayo na laifi ''Godfather na Harlem'', wanda aka fara a watan Satumba na 2019 akan Epix . <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 September 2019 |title=Interview with Godfather of Harlem's Lucy Fry |url=https://www.lofficielusa.com/film-tv/lucy-fry-editorial-interview-2019 |access-date=19 February 2020 |publisher=L'Officiel USA}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Petski |first=Denise |date=7 December 2022 |title='Godfather of Harlem' Season 3 Cast Includes Yul Vázquez |url=https://deadline.com/2022/12/godfather-of-harlem-season-3-cast-yul-vazquez-1235192351/ |access-date=13 December 2022 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> A cikin watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2020, an ba da sanarwar cewa za ta yi tauraro a cikin fim ɗin ''Night Teeth'' [[Netflix|na Netflix]] mai ban sha'awa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr |date=3 February 2020 |title=Netflix Sets Jorge Lendeborg Jr For Lead In 'Night Teeth'; Debby Ryan, Lucy Fry, Alfie Allen & Raúl Castillo Bring The Terror |url=https://deadline.com/2020/02/netflix-night-teeth-jorge-lendeborg-jr-debby-ryan-lucy-fry-alfie-allen-1202850158/ |access-date=19 February 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> == Filmography == === Fim === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! class="unsortable" | Bayanan kula |- | 2014 | ''Vampire Academy'' | Lissa Dragomir | |- | rowspan="2" | 2015 | ''Yanzu ƙara zuma'' | Honey Halloway | |- | ''Haɗin Preppie'' | Alex Hayes | |- | rowspan="2" | 2016 | ''Mista Church'' | Poppy | Asalin suna ''Henry Joseph Church'' |- | ''Duhu'' | Stephanie Taylor asalin | Asalin suna ''6 Miranda Drive'' |- | 2017 | ''Mai haske'' | Tikka | Fim mai gudana kai tsaye <ref name="Bright"/> |- | 2019 | ''Ta Bace'' | Heidi | |- | 2021 | ''Hakora Dare'' | Zoe | Fim mai gudana kai tsaye <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr. |date=3 February 2020 |title=Netflix Sets Jorge Lendeborg Jr For Lead In 'Night Teeth;' Debby Ryan, Lucy Fry & Alfie Allen Bring The Terror |url=https://deadline.com/2020/02/netflix-night-teeth-jorge-lendeborg-jr-debby-ryan-lucy-fry-alfie-allen-1202850158/ |access-date=3 February 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> |- | 2022 | ''Kallon Karshe'' | Jayne White | Asalin mai suna ''Waldo'' <ref name="Last Looks"/> |} === Talabijin === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! class="unsortable" | Bayanan kula |- | 2010 | ''H <nowiki><sub id="mwARQ">2</sub></nowiki> O: Kawai Ƙara Ruwa'' | dalibi a Graduation | Episode: "Graduation"; wanda ba a yarda da shi ba <ref name="net10">{{Cite web |title=Mako Mermaids – Lucy Fry |url=http://ten.com.au/tvshows/mako-8304.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130909231930/http://ten.com.au/tvshows/mako-8304.htm |archive-date=9 September 2013 |access-date=9 August 2013}}</ref> |- | 2012 | ''Wurin Walƙiya'' | Zoey | Babban rawa |- | rowspan="2" | 2013 | ''Likitocin Reef'' | Josie | Episode: "Kashi Na Biyar" |- | ''Mako: Tsibirin Asirin'' | Lyla | Babban rawar (lokaci na 1) |- | rowspan="2" | 2016 | ''11.22.63'' | Marina Oswald | Babban rawa |- | ''Wolf Creek'' | Hauwa Thorogood | Matsayin jagora<br /><br /><br /><br /> Kyautar Fangoria Chainsaw don Kyautar Jarumar TV (2017) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Never mind Oscar, here's the 2017 Fangoria Chainsaw Awards Nominees Ballot! |url=http://www.fangoria.com/new/never-mind-oscar-heres-the-2017-fangoria-chainsaw-awards-nominees-ballot/ |access-date=14 February 2017 |website=Fangoria® |archive-date=6 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806233824/http://fangoria.com/new/never-mind-oscar-heres-the-2017-fangoria-chainsaw-awards-nominees-ballot/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | 2019 - yanzu | ''Sunan mahaifi Harlem'' | Stella Gigante | Babban rawa |} === Bidiyon kiɗa === * Thirsty Merc (2010) na Tommy da Krista <ref name="net10"/> == Gidan wasan kwaikwayo == {| class="wikitable sortable" ! scope="col" |Shekara ! scope="col" | Aiki ! scope="col" | Matsayi |- | rowspan="3" | 2007 | ''Labarin Ruwa'' | Tsohon Mariner |- | ''Wasan Maze mai ban mamaki na Mr A'' | Suzie |- | ''Dole ne Nunin ya Ci gaba'' | Tsana |- | rowspan="4" | 2008 | ''Mafarkin Daren Tsakar Rani'' | Wannan be |- | ''Hotunan Wasa'' | Mai yin Roving |- | ''Tafiya mara ganuwa'' | Lucy |- | ''Ramalama'' | Mai Yin Jiki |- | rowspan="3" | 2009 | ''bakin teku'' | Serena |- | ''Ƙarni masu ƙirƙira'' | Kifin zaki |- | ''Sarki Oedipus'' | Manzo |- | 2010 | ''Jakar Bace'' | Mai yin Roving |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1992]] 0hagquzxi9gh3tzphx9ertg8bjxkhk9 826621 826620 2026-04-26T10:22:59Z Pharouqenr 25549 826621 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Lucy Elizabeth Fry''' (an haife ta ne acikin watan 13 Maris din shekara ta 1992<ref> name="Hollywood.com">{{Cite web |title=Lucy Fry |url=http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806141607/http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |archive-date=2017-08-06 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=Hollywood.com}}</ref> ) yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta [[Austriya|Australiya]]. An san ta don nuna Zoey a cikin ''Hasken walƙiya'', Lyla a ''Mako: Tsibirin Asirin'', da Lissa Dragomir a cikin fim din ''Vampire Academy.'' An kuma jefa Fry a cikin miniseries na kashi takwas na Hulu ''11.22.63'' a matsayin Marina Oswald, matar Lee Harvey Oswald,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Goldberg |first=Lesley |date=7 April 2015 |title=Chris Cooper, Cherry Jones Set to Co-Star in Hulu's James Franco Starrer '11/22/63' |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/chris-cooper-cherry-jones-set-786740 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |quote=Lucy Fry (Vampire Academy) is Marina Oswald, Lee Harvey Oswald's Russian wife.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bryant |first=Jacob |date=19 November 2015 |title=Watch: James Franco Stars in Hulu's '11.22.63' |url=https://variety.com/2015/digital/news/video-james-franco-11-22-63-stephen-king-jj-abrams-hulu-1201644710/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]}}</ref> kuma ta taka rawa a cikin jerin talabijin na tsoro na Australiya na cikin shekara ta 2016 ''Wolf Creek'' da Tikka a cikin fim din [[Netflix]] na cikin shekara ta 2017 ''Bright.'' Tun daga cikin shekara ta 2019, ta nuna Stella Gigante a cikin jerin Epix ''Godfather na Harlem''. == Rayuwar farko == [[Fayil:Lucy Fry 2014.jpg|thumb|Lucy Fry]] An haifi Fry a Wooloowin, Queensland, [[Asturaliya|Ostiraliya]] a cikin shekara ta 1992.<ref name="Hollywood.com">{{Cite web |title=Lucy Fry |url=http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806141607/http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |archive-date=2017-08-06 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=Hollywood.com}}</ref> Ta halarci Makarantar Grammar Girls na [[Brisbane]] a Brisbane, Queensland,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Barrett |first=Glenn |year=2021 |title=BRISBANE GIRLS GRAMMAR SCHOOL ENROLMENTS INFORMATION [At a glance] |url=https://www.readkong.com/page/brisbane-girls-grammar-school-enrolments-information-8268975 |access-date=19 January 2025 |website=Brisbane Girls Grammar School |page=3 |via=ReadKong}}</ref> kuma ta fara karatun wasan kwaikwayo tun tana ƙarami, horo tare da kamfanin wasan kwaikwayo na jiki na tushen Brisbane, Zen Zen Zo. A cikin shekara ta 2007, ta kasance ta zo ta biyu a cikin Binciken Model na Mujallar budurwa. == Sana'a == Ta yi bayyanar da ba a yarda da ita ba a wasan karshe na kakar 3 na H 2 O: Just Add Water, a cikin shekara ta 2010. Babban aikinta na farko a talabijin shine Zoey a cikin Hasken walƙiya. Daga nan sai ta ci gaba da yin wasa Lyla, ɗaya daga cikin manyan ayyuka na mermaid, a cikin kakar 1 na Mako: Island of Secrets, a spin-off of H 2 O: Just Add Water . A cikin shekara ta 2014, ta sami babban matsayinta na farko na allo, kamar yadda Lissa Dragomir a ''Kwalejin Vampire'' <ref>{{Cite web |last=Trumbore |first=Dave |date=1 February 2013 |title=Vampire Academy: Blood Sisters to Star Zoey Deutch and Lucy Fry with Mark Waters Directing |url=https://collider.com/zoey-deutch-lucy-fry-vampire-academy-blood-sisters/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Collider (website)|Collider]]}}</ref> da kuma azaman zuma a ''Yanzu Ƙara zuma.''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=Neala |date=4 August 2013 |title=Portia de Rossi, Hamish Blake – and maybe Ellen – bring a little Honey to Australian movie shoot |url=http://www.news.com.au/entertainment/movies/portia-de-rossi-hamish-blake-8212-and-maybe-ellen-8212-bring-a-little-honey-to-australian-movie-shoot/story-e6frfmvr-1226690727027 |access-date=23 April 2016 |publisher=[[News.com.au]]}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2015, Fry ya haɗu a cikin ''Haɗin Preppie'' gabanin Thomas Mann, yana wasa da rawar Alex.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Harvey |first=Dennis |date=4 November 2015 |title=Film Review: 'The Preppie Connection' |url=https://variety.com/2015/film/reviews/the-preppie-connection-review-1201623869/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |quote=Much as he resents their snobbery, however, Toby can't help being attracted by the social magnetism of the school's leading "preppies," particularly brash ringleader Ellis (Logan Huffman) and his beautiful g.f. Alex (Lucy Fry), representing the moneyed elite of Manhattan and North Carolina, respectively.}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2016, ta fito a cikin fina-finan ''Mista Church'', tare da Eddie Murphy da Britt Robertson,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Scheck |first=Frank |date=22 April 2016 |title='Mr. Church': Tribeca Review |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/mr-church-tribeca-review-887130 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> da kuma ''The Darkness'', tare da Kevin Bacon . Acikin wannan shekarar, ta taka rawar jagora Eve Thorogood a cikin miniseries na Australiya ''Wolf Creek'' . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Newsome |first=Brad |date=12 May 2016 |title=Review: Wolf Creek the TV series emerges as an engrossing new chapter in the cult thriller's story |url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/tv-and-radio/review-wolf-creek-the-tv-series-emerges-as-an-engrossing-new-chapter-in-the-cult-thrillers-story-20160512-gotllw.html |access-date=27 July 2016 |website=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]}}</ref> Ta kuma yi tauraro a cikin ''11.22.63'' tana wasa Marina, matar Lee Harvey Oswald. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Pedersen |first=Erik |date=7 April 2015 |title=Chris Cooper & Others Join Hulu's '11/22/63' Cast; Director Set |url=https://deadline.com/2015/04/chris-cooper-11-22-63-hulu-kevin-macdonald-james-franco-1201405877/ |access-date=26 May 2020 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> A cikin watan Oktoban shekara ta 2016, an jefa Fry a matsayin Tikka, wani matashin elf wanda ya mallaki iko akan sihirin sihiri, a cikin fim ɗin fantasy na cikin shekara ta 2017 ''Bright'' wanda taurari Will Smith da Joel Edgerton. <ref name="Bright">{{Cite web |last=Kit |first=Borys |date=11 October 2016 |title=David Ayer's 'Bright' Lands 'Mr. Church' Actress Lucy Fry (Exclusive) |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/david-ayers-bright-lands-lucy-937362 |access-date=2 February 2017 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> A cikin watan Yulin shekara ta 2017, an jefa Fry don tauraro a matsayin Heidi a cikin fim ɗin ''Ta Bace'' tare da Eiza González . <ref name="Highway">{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr |date=12 July 2017 |title=David Ayer's 'Bright' Lands 'Mr. Church' Actress Lucy Fry (Exclusive) |url=https://deadline.com/2017/07/lucy-fry-eiza-gonzalez-josh-hartnett-blake-berris-highway-alexandra-mcguinness-1202127269/ |access-date=21 July 2017 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> <ref name="missing">{{Cite web |date=5 February 2019 |title=''She's Missing'': Alexandra McGuinness on her new movie |url=https://www.rte.ie/culture/2019/0204/1027423-shes-missing-alexandra-mcguinness-on-her-new-movie/ |access-date=22 February 2019 |publisher=Raidió Teilifís Éireann}}</ref> [[Fayil:Lucy Fry (35335289093).jpg|thumb|Lucy Fry]] A cikin Yuli 2019, ta shiga cikin simintin ''gyare-gyare na Ƙarshe'', ɗan wasan Ba'amurke da Biritaniya na Tim Kirkby, wanda ya dogara da wani labari ''na Ƙarshe'' na Howard Michael Gould . <ref name="Last Looks">{{Cite web |last=N'Duka |first=Amanda |date=15 July 2019 |title='Bright' Actress Lucy Fry Cast in Action Thriller 'Waldo' |url=https://deadline.com/2019/07/lucy-fry-mel-gibson-charlie-hunnam-waldo-1202646657/ |access-date=5 March 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ritman |first=Alex |date=30 June 2020 |title=Mel Gibson Has Busy Film Slate Despite Renewed Anti-Semitism Claim |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/mel-gibson-has-busy-film-slate-renewed-anti-semitism-claim-1300903 |access-date=30 June 2020 |website=The Hollywood Reporter}}</ref> A cikin wannan shekarar, an gan ta a matsayin Stella Gigante a cikin jerin wasan kwaikwayo na laifi ''Godfather na Harlem'', wanda aka fara a watan Satumba na 2019 akan Epix . <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 September 2019 |title=Interview with Godfather of Harlem's Lucy Fry |url=https://www.lofficielusa.com/film-tv/lucy-fry-editorial-interview-2019 |access-date=19 February 2020 |publisher=L'Officiel USA}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Petski |first=Denise |date=7 December 2022 |title='Godfather of Harlem' Season 3 Cast Includes Yul Vázquez |url=https://deadline.com/2022/12/godfather-of-harlem-season-3-cast-yul-vazquez-1235192351/ |access-date=13 December 2022 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> A cikin watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2020, an ba da sanarwar cewa za ta yi tauraro a cikin fim ɗin ''Night Teeth'' [[Netflix|na Netflix]] mai ban sha'awa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr |date=3 February 2020 |title=Netflix Sets Jorge Lendeborg Jr For Lead In 'Night Teeth'; Debby Ryan, Lucy Fry, Alfie Allen & Raúl Castillo Bring The Terror |url=https://deadline.com/2020/02/netflix-night-teeth-jorge-lendeborg-jr-debby-ryan-lucy-fry-alfie-allen-1202850158/ |access-date=19 February 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> == Filmography == === Fim === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! class="unsortable" | Bayanan kula |- | 2014 | ''Vampire Academy'' | Lissa Dragomir | |- | rowspan="2" | 2015 | ''Yanzu ƙara zuma'' | Honey Halloway | |- | ''Haɗin Preppie'' | Alex Hayes | |- | rowspan="2" | 2016 | ''Mista Church'' | Poppy | Asalin suna ''Henry Joseph Church'' |- | ''Duhu'' | Stephanie Taylor asalin | Asalin suna ''6 Miranda Drive'' |- | 2017 | ''Mai haske'' | Tikka | Fim mai gudana kai tsaye <ref name="Bright"/> |- | 2019 | ''Ta Bace'' | Heidi | |- | 2021 | ''Hakora Dare'' | Zoe | Fim mai gudana kai tsaye <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr. |date=3 February 2020 |title=Netflix Sets Jorge Lendeborg Jr For Lead In 'Night Teeth;' Debby Ryan, Lucy Fry & Alfie Allen Bring The Terror |url=https://deadline.com/2020/02/netflix-night-teeth-jorge-lendeborg-jr-debby-ryan-lucy-fry-alfie-allen-1202850158/ |access-date=3 February 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> |- | 2022 | ''Kallon Karshe'' | Jayne White | Asalin mai suna ''Waldo'' <ref name="Last Looks"/> |} === Talabijin === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! class="unsortable" | Bayanan kula |- | 2010 | ''H <nowiki><sub id="mwARQ">2</sub></nowiki> O: Kawai Ƙara Ruwa'' | dalibi a Graduation | Episode: "Graduation"; wanda ba a yarda da shi ba <ref name="net10">{{Cite web |title=Mako Mermaids – Lucy Fry |url=http://ten.com.au/tvshows/mako-8304.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130909231930/http://ten.com.au/tvshows/mako-8304.htm |archive-date=9 September 2013 |access-date=9 August 2013}}</ref> |- | 2012 | ''Wurin Walƙiya'' | Zoey | Babban rawa |- | rowspan="2" | 2013 | ''Likitocin Reef'' | Josie | Episode: "Kashi Na Biyar" |- | ''Mako: Tsibirin Asirin'' | Lyla | Babban rawar (lokaci na 1) |- | rowspan="2" | 2016 | ''11.22.63'' | Marina Oswald | Babban rawa |- | ''Wolf Creek'' | Hauwa Thorogood | Matsayin jagora<br /><br /><br /><br /> Kyautar Fangoria Chainsaw don Kyautar Jarumar TV (2017) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Never mind Oscar, here's the 2017 Fangoria Chainsaw Awards Nominees Ballot! |url=http://www.fangoria.com/new/never-mind-oscar-heres-the-2017-fangoria-chainsaw-awards-nominees-ballot/ |access-date=14 February 2017 |website=Fangoria® |archive-date=6 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806233824/http://fangoria.com/new/never-mind-oscar-heres-the-2017-fangoria-chainsaw-awards-nominees-ballot/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | 2019 - yanzu | ''Sunan mahaifi Harlem'' | Stella Gigante | Babban rawa |} === Bidiyon kiɗa === * Thirsty Merc (2010) na Tommy da Krista <ref name="net10"/> == Gidan wasan kwaikwayo == {| class="wikitable sortable" ! scope="col" |Shekara ! scope="col" | Aiki ! scope="col" | Matsayi |- | rowspan="3" | 2007 | ''Labarin Ruwa'' | Tsohon Mariner |- | ''Wasan Maze mai ban mamaki na Mr A'' | Suzie |- | ''Dole ne Nunin ya Ci gaba'' | Tsana |- | rowspan="4" | 2008 | ''Mafarkin Daren Tsakar Rani'' | Wannan be |- | ''Hotunan Wasa'' | Mai yin Roving |- | ''Tafiya mara ganuwa'' | Lucy |- | ''Ramalama'' | Mai Yin Jiki |- | rowspan="3" | 2009 | ''bakin teku'' | Serena |- | ''Ƙarni masu ƙirƙira'' | Kifin zaki |- | ''Sarki Oedipus'' | Manzo |- | 2010 | ''Jakar Bace'' | Mai yin Roving |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1992]] co84uhenkybk5mubarepx10e5r5x5cl 826622 826621 2026-04-26T10:23:14Z Pharouqenr 25549 826622 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Lucy Elizabeth Fry''' (an haife ta ne acikin watan 13 Maris din shekara ta 1992<ref> name="Hollywood.com">{{Cite web |title=Lucy Fry |url=http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806141607/http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |archive-date=2017-08-06 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=Hollywood.com}}</ref> ) yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta [[Austriya|Australiya]]. An san ta don nuna Zoey a cikin ''Hasken walƙiya'', Lyla a ''Mako: Tsibirin Asirin'', da Lissa Dragomir a cikin fim din ''Vampire Academy.'' An kuma jefa Fry a cikin miniseries na kashi takwas na Hulu ''11.22.63'' a matsayin Marina Oswald, matar Lee Harvey Oswald,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Goldberg |first=Lesley |date=7 April 2015 |title=Chris Cooper, Cherry Jones Set to Co-Star in Hulu's James Franco Starrer '11/22/63' |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/chris-cooper-cherry-jones-set-786740 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |quote=Lucy Fry (Vampire Academy) is Marina Oswald, Lee Harvey Oswald's Russian wife.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bryant |first=Jacob |date=19 November 2015 |title=Watch: James Franco Stars in Hulu's '11.22.63' |url=https://variety.com/2015/digital/news/video-james-franco-11-22-63-stephen-king-jj-abrams-hulu-1201644710/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]}}</ref> kuma ta taka rawa a cikin jerin talabijin na tsoro na Australiya na cikin shekara ta 2016 ''Wolf Creek'' da Tikka a cikin fim din [[Netflix]] na cikin shekara ta 2017 ''Bright.'' Tun daga cikin shekara ta 2019, ta nuna Stella Gigante a cikin jerin Epix ''Godfather na Harlem''. == Rayuwar farko == [[Fayil:Lucy Fry 2014.jpg|thumb|Lucy Fry]] An haifi Fry a Wooloowin, Queensland, [[Asturaliya|Ostiraliya]] a cikin shekara ta 1992.<ref name="Hollywood.com">{{Cite web |title=Lucy Fry |url=http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806141607/http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |archive-date=2017-08-06 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=Hollywood.com}}</ref> Ta halarci Makarantar Grammar Girls na [[Brisbane]] a Brisbane, Queensland,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Barrett |first=Glenn |year=2021 |title=BRISBANE GIRLS GRAMMAR SCHOOL ENROLMENTS INFORMATION [At a glance] |url=https://www.readkong.com/page/brisbane-girls-grammar-school-enrolments-information-8268975 |access-date=19 January 2025 |website=Brisbane Girls Grammar School |page=3 |via=ReadKong}}</ref> kuma ta fara karatun wasan kwaikwayo tun tana ƙarami, horo tare da kamfanin wasan kwaikwayo na jiki na tushen Brisbane, Zen Zen Zo. A cikin shekara ta 2007, ta kasance ta zo ta biyu a cikin Binciken Model na Mujallar budurwa. == Sana'a == Ta yi bayyanar da ba a yarda da ita ba a wasan karshe na kakar 3 na H 2 O: Just Add Water, a cikin shekara ta 2010. Babban aikinta na farko a talabijin shine Zoey a cikin Hasken walƙiya. Daga nan sai ta ci gaba da yin wasa Lyla, ɗaya daga cikin manyan ayyuka na mermaid, a cikin kakar 1 na Mako: Island of Secrets, a spin-off of H 2 O: Just Add Water . A cikin shekara ta 2014, ta sami babban matsayinta na farko na allo, kamar yadda Lissa Dragomir a ''Kwalejin Vampire'' <ref>{{Cite web |last=Trumbore |first=Dave |date=1 February 2013 |title=Vampire Academy: Blood Sisters to Star Zoey Deutch and Lucy Fry with Mark Waters Directing |url=https://collider.com/zoey-deutch-lucy-fry-vampire-academy-blood-sisters/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Collider (website)|Collider]]}}</ref> da kuma azaman zuma a ''Yanzu Ƙara zuma.''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=Neala |date=4 August 2013 |title=Portia de Rossi, Hamish Blake – and maybe Ellen – bring a little Honey to Australian movie shoot |url=http://www.news.com.au/entertainment/movies/portia-de-rossi-hamish-blake-8212-and-maybe-ellen-8212-bring-a-little-honey-to-australian-movie-shoot/story-e6frfmvr-1226690727027 |access-date=23 April 2016 |publisher=[[News.com.au]]}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2015, Fry ya haɗu a cikin ''Haɗin Preppie'' gabanin Thomas Mann, yana wasa da rawar Alex.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Harvey |first=Dennis |date=4 November 2015 |title=Film Review: 'The Preppie Connection' |url=https://variety.com/2015/film/reviews/the-preppie-connection-review-1201623869/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |quote=Much as he resents their snobbery, however, Toby can't help being attracted by the social magnetism of the school's leading "preppies," particularly brash ringleader Ellis (Logan Huffman) and his beautiful g.f. Alex (Lucy Fry), representing the moneyed elite of Manhattan and North Carolina, respectively.}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2016, ta fito a cikin fina-finan ''Mista Church'', tare da Eddie Murphy da Britt Robertson,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Scheck |first=Frank |date=22 April 2016 |title='Mr. Church': Tribeca Review |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/mr-church-tribeca-review-887130 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> da kuma ''The Darkness'', tare da Kevin Bacon . Acikin wannan shekarar, ta taka rawar jagora Eve Thorogood a cikin miniseries na Australiya ''Wolf Creek.''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Newsome |first=Brad |date=12 May 2016 |title=Review: Wolf Creek the TV series emerges as an engrossing new chapter in the cult thriller's story |url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/tv-and-radio/review-wolf-creek-the-tv-series-emerges-as-an-engrossing-new-chapter-in-the-cult-thrillers-story-20160512-gotllw.html |access-date=27 July 2016 |website=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]}}</ref> Ta kuma yi tauraro a cikin ''11.22.63'' tana wasa Marina, matar Lee Harvey Oswald. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Pedersen |first=Erik |date=7 April 2015 |title=Chris Cooper & Others Join Hulu's '11/22/63' Cast; Director Set |url=https://deadline.com/2015/04/chris-cooper-11-22-63-hulu-kevin-macdonald-james-franco-1201405877/ |access-date=26 May 2020 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> A cikin watan Oktoban shekara ta 2016, an jefa Fry a matsayin Tikka, wani matashin elf wanda ya mallaki iko akan sihirin sihiri, a cikin fim ɗin fantasy na cikin shekara ta 2017 ''Bright'' wanda taurari Will Smith da Joel Edgerton. <ref name="Bright">{{Cite web |last=Kit |first=Borys |date=11 October 2016 |title=David Ayer's 'Bright' Lands 'Mr. Church' Actress Lucy Fry (Exclusive) |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/david-ayers-bright-lands-lucy-937362 |access-date=2 February 2017 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> A cikin watan Yulin shekara ta 2017, an jefa Fry don tauraro a matsayin Heidi a cikin fim ɗin ''Ta Bace'' tare da Eiza González . <ref name="Highway">{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr |date=12 July 2017 |title=David Ayer's 'Bright' Lands 'Mr. Church' Actress Lucy Fry (Exclusive) |url=https://deadline.com/2017/07/lucy-fry-eiza-gonzalez-josh-hartnett-blake-berris-highway-alexandra-mcguinness-1202127269/ |access-date=21 July 2017 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> <ref name="missing">{{Cite web |date=5 February 2019 |title=''She's Missing'': Alexandra McGuinness on her new movie |url=https://www.rte.ie/culture/2019/0204/1027423-shes-missing-alexandra-mcguinness-on-her-new-movie/ |access-date=22 February 2019 |publisher=Raidió Teilifís Éireann}}</ref> [[Fayil:Lucy Fry (35335289093).jpg|thumb|Lucy Fry]] A cikin Yuli 2019, ta shiga cikin simintin ''gyare-gyare na Ƙarshe'', ɗan wasan Ba'amurke da Biritaniya na Tim Kirkby, wanda ya dogara da wani labari ''na Ƙarshe'' na Howard Michael Gould . <ref name="Last Looks">{{Cite web |last=N'Duka |first=Amanda |date=15 July 2019 |title='Bright' Actress Lucy Fry Cast in Action Thriller 'Waldo' |url=https://deadline.com/2019/07/lucy-fry-mel-gibson-charlie-hunnam-waldo-1202646657/ |access-date=5 March 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ritman |first=Alex |date=30 June 2020 |title=Mel Gibson Has Busy Film Slate Despite Renewed Anti-Semitism Claim |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/mel-gibson-has-busy-film-slate-renewed-anti-semitism-claim-1300903 |access-date=30 June 2020 |website=The Hollywood Reporter}}</ref> A cikin wannan shekarar, an gan ta a matsayin Stella Gigante a cikin jerin wasan kwaikwayo na laifi ''Godfather na Harlem'', wanda aka fara a watan Satumba na 2019 akan Epix . <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 September 2019 |title=Interview with Godfather of Harlem's Lucy Fry |url=https://www.lofficielusa.com/film-tv/lucy-fry-editorial-interview-2019 |access-date=19 February 2020 |publisher=L'Officiel USA}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Petski |first=Denise |date=7 December 2022 |title='Godfather of Harlem' Season 3 Cast Includes Yul Vázquez |url=https://deadline.com/2022/12/godfather-of-harlem-season-3-cast-yul-vazquez-1235192351/ |access-date=13 December 2022 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> A cikin watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2020, an ba da sanarwar cewa za ta yi tauraro a cikin fim ɗin ''Night Teeth'' [[Netflix|na Netflix]] mai ban sha'awa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr |date=3 February 2020 |title=Netflix Sets Jorge Lendeborg Jr For Lead In 'Night Teeth'; Debby Ryan, Lucy Fry, Alfie Allen & Raúl Castillo Bring The Terror |url=https://deadline.com/2020/02/netflix-night-teeth-jorge-lendeborg-jr-debby-ryan-lucy-fry-alfie-allen-1202850158/ |access-date=19 February 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> == Filmography == === Fim === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! class="unsortable" | Bayanan kula |- | 2014 | ''Vampire Academy'' | Lissa Dragomir | |- | rowspan="2" | 2015 | ''Yanzu ƙara zuma'' | Honey Halloway | |- | ''Haɗin Preppie'' | Alex Hayes | |- | rowspan="2" | 2016 | ''Mista Church'' | Poppy | Asalin suna ''Henry Joseph Church'' |- | ''Duhu'' | Stephanie Taylor asalin | Asalin suna ''6 Miranda Drive'' |- | 2017 | ''Mai haske'' | Tikka | Fim mai gudana kai tsaye <ref name="Bright"/> |- | 2019 | ''Ta Bace'' | Heidi | |- | 2021 | ''Hakora Dare'' | Zoe | Fim mai gudana kai tsaye <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr. |date=3 February 2020 |title=Netflix Sets Jorge Lendeborg Jr For Lead In 'Night Teeth;' Debby Ryan, Lucy Fry & Alfie Allen Bring The Terror |url=https://deadline.com/2020/02/netflix-night-teeth-jorge-lendeborg-jr-debby-ryan-lucy-fry-alfie-allen-1202850158/ |access-date=3 February 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> |- | 2022 | ''Kallon Karshe'' | Jayne White | Asalin mai suna ''Waldo'' <ref name="Last Looks"/> |} === Talabijin === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! class="unsortable" | Bayanan kula |- | 2010 | ''H <nowiki><sub id="mwARQ">2</sub></nowiki> O: Kawai Ƙara Ruwa'' | dalibi a Graduation | Episode: "Graduation"; wanda ba a yarda da shi ba <ref name="net10">{{Cite web |title=Mako Mermaids – Lucy Fry |url=http://ten.com.au/tvshows/mako-8304.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130909231930/http://ten.com.au/tvshows/mako-8304.htm |archive-date=9 September 2013 |access-date=9 August 2013}}</ref> |- | 2012 | ''Wurin Walƙiya'' | Zoey | Babban rawa |- | rowspan="2" | 2013 | ''Likitocin Reef'' | Josie | Episode: "Kashi Na Biyar" |- | ''Mako: Tsibirin Asirin'' | Lyla | Babban rawar (lokaci na 1) |- | rowspan="2" | 2016 | ''11.22.63'' | Marina Oswald | Babban rawa |- | ''Wolf Creek'' | Hauwa Thorogood | Matsayin jagora<br /><br /><br /><br /> Kyautar Fangoria Chainsaw don Kyautar Jarumar TV (2017) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Never mind Oscar, here's the 2017 Fangoria Chainsaw Awards Nominees Ballot! |url=http://www.fangoria.com/new/never-mind-oscar-heres-the-2017-fangoria-chainsaw-awards-nominees-ballot/ |access-date=14 February 2017 |website=Fangoria® |archive-date=6 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806233824/http://fangoria.com/new/never-mind-oscar-heres-the-2017-fangoria-chainsaw-awards-nominees-ballot/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | 2019 - yanzu | ''Sunan mahaifi Harlem'' | Stella Gigante | Babban rawa |} === Bidiyon kiɗa === * Thirsty Merc (2010) na Tommy da Krista <ref name="net10"/> == Gidan wasan kwaikwayo == {| class="wikitable sortable" ! scope="col" |Shekara ! scope="col" | Aiki ! scope="col" | Matsayi |- | rowspan="3" | 2007 | ''Labarin Ruwa'' | Tsohon Mariner |- | ''Wasan Maze mai ban mamaki na Mr A'' | Suzie |- | ''Dole ne Nunin ya Ci gaba'' | Tsana |- | rowspan="4" | 2008 | ''Mafarkin Daren Tsakar Rani'' | Wannan be |- | ''Hotunan Wasa'' | Mai yin Roving |- | ''Tafiya mara ganuwa'' | Lucy |- | ''Ramalama'' | Mai Yin Jiki |- | rowspan="3" | 2009 | ''bakin teku'' | Serena |- | ''Ƙarni masu ƙirƙira'' | Kifin zaki |- | ''Sarki Oedipus'' | Manzo |- | 2010 | ''Jakar Bace'' | Mai yin Roving |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1992]] cs0tnrdkghkrgo25au6jlgrips5107s 826623 826622 2026-04-26T10:23:28Z Pharouqenr 25549 826623 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Lucy Elizabeth Fry''' (an haife ta ne acikin watan 13 Maris din shekara ta 1992<ref> name="Hollywood.com">{{Cite web |title=Lucy Fry |url=http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806141607/http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |archive-date=2017-08-06 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=Hollywood.com}}</ref> ) yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta [[Austriya|Australiya]]. An san ta don nuna Zoey a cikin ''Hasken walƙiya'', Lyla a ''Mako: Tsibirin Asirin'', da Lissa Dragomir a cikin fim din ''Vampire Academy.'' An kuma jefa Fry a cikin miniseries na kashi takwas na Hulu ''11.22.63'' a matsayin Marina Oswald, matar Lee Harvey Oswald,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Goldberg |first=Lesley |date=7 April 2015 |title=Chris Cooper, Cherry Jones Set to Co-Star in Hulu's James Franco Starrer '11/22/63' |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/chris-cooper-cherry-jones-set-786740 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |quote=Lucy Fry (Vampire Academy) is Marina Oswald, Lee Harvey Oswald's Russian wife.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bryant |first=Jacob |date=19 November 2015 |title=Watch: James Franco Stars in Hulu's '11.22.63' |url=https://variety.com/2015/digital/news/video-james-franco-11-22-63-stephen-king-jj-abrams-hulu-1201644710/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]}}</ref> kuma ta taka rawa a cikin jerin talabijin na tsoro na Australiya na cikin shekara ta 2016 ''Wolf Creek'' da Tikka a cikin fim din [[Netflix]] na cikin shekara ta 2017 ''Bright.'' Tun daga cikin shekara ta 2019, ta nuna Stella Gigante a cikin jerin Epix ''Godfather na Harlem''. == Rayuwar farko == [[Fayil:Lucy Fry 2014.jpg|thumb|Lucy Fry]] An haifi Fry a Wooloowin, Queensland, [[Asturaliya|Ostiraliya]] a cikin shekara ta 1992.<ref name="Hollywood.com">{{Cite web |title=Lucy Fry |url=http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806141607/http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |archive-date=2017-08-06 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=Hollywood.com}}</ref> Ta halarci Makarantar Grammar Girls na [[Brisbane]] a Brisbane, Queensland,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Barrett |first=Glenn |year=2021 |title=BRISBANE GIRLS GRAMMAR SCHOOL ENROLMENTS INFORMATION [At a glance] |url=https://www.readkong.com/page/brisbane-girls-grammar-school-enrolments-information-8268975 |access-date=19 January 2025 |website=Brisbane Girls Grammar School |page=3 |via=ReadKong}}</ref> kuma ta fara karatun wasan kwaikwayo tun tana ƙarami, horo tare da kamfanin wasan kwaikwayo na jiki na tushen Brisbane, Zen Zen Zo. A cikin shekara ta 2007, ta kasance ta zo ta biyu a cikin Binciken Model na Mujallar budurwa. == Sana'a == Ta yi bayyanar da ba a yarda da ita ba a wasan karshe na kakar 3 na H 2 O: Just Add Water, a cikin shekara ta 2010. Babban aikinta na farko a talabijin shine Zoey a cikin Hasken walƙiya. Daga nan sai ta ci gaba da yin wasa Lyla, ɗaya daga cikin manyan ayyuka na mermaid, a cikin kakar 1 na Mako: Island of Secrets, a spin-off of H 2 O: Just Add Water . A cikin shekara ta 2014, ta sami babban matsayinta na farko na allo, kamar yadda Lissa Dragomir a ''Kwalejin Vampire'' <ref>{{Cite web |last=Trumbore |first=Dave |date=1 February 2013 |title=Vampire Academy: Blood Sisters to Star Zoey Deutch and Lucy Fry with Mark Waters Directing |url=https://collider.com/zoey-deutch-lucy-fry-vampire-academy-blood-sisters/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Collider (website)|Collider]]}}</ref> da kuma azaman zuma a ''Yanzu Ƙara zuma.''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=Neala |date=4 August 2013 |title=Portia de Rossi, Hamish Blake – and maybe Ellen – bring a little Honey to Australian movie shoot |url=http://www.news.com.au/entertainment/movies/portia-de-rossi-hamish-blake-8212-and-maybe-ellen-8212-bring-a-little-honey-to-australian-movie-shoot/story-e6frfmvr-1226690727027 |access-date=23 April 2016 |publisher=[[News.com.au]]}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2015, Fry ya haɗu a cikin ''Haɗin Preppie'' gabanin Thomas Mann, yana wasa da rawar Alex.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Harvey |first=Dennis |date=4 November 2015 |title=Film Review: 'The Preppie Connection' |url=https://variety.com/2015/film/reviews/the-preppie-connection-review-1201623869/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |quote=Much as he resents their snobbery, however, Toby can't help being attracted by the social magnetism of the school's leading "preppies," particularly brash ringleader Ellis (Logan Huffman) and his beautiful g.f. Alex (Lucy Fry), representing the moneyed elite of Manhattan and North Carolina, respectively.}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2016, ta fito a cikin fina-finan ''Mista Church'', tare da Eddie Murphy da Britt Robertson,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Scheck |first=Frank |date=22 April 2016 |title='Mr. Church': Tribeca Review |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/mr-church-tribeca-review-887130 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> da kuma ''The Darkness'', tare da Kevin Bacon . Acikin wannan shekarar, ta taka rawar jagora Eve Thorogood a cikin miniseries na Australiya ''Wolf Creek.''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Newsome |first=Brad |date=12 May 2016 |title=Review: Wolf Creek the TV series emerges as an engrossing new chapter in the cult thriller's story |url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/tv-and-radio/review-wolf-creek-the-tv-series-emerges-as-an-engrossing-new-chapter-in-the-cult-thrillers-story-20160512-gotllw.html |access-date=27 July 2016 |website=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]}}</ref> Ta kuma yi tauraro a cikin ''11.22.63'' tana wasa Marina, matar Lee Harvey Oswald.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pedersen |first=Erik |date=7 April 2015 |title=Chris Cooper & Others Join Hulu's '11/22/63' Cast; Director Set |url=https://deadline.com/2015/04/chris-cooper-11-22-63-hulu-kevin-macdonald-james-franco-1201405877/ |access-date=26 May 2020 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> A cikin watan Oktoban shekara ta 2016, an jefa Fry a matsayin Tikka, wani matashin elf wanda ya mallaki iko akan sihirin sihiri, a cikin fim ɗin fantasy na cikin shekara ta 2017 ''Bright'' wanda taurari Will Smith da Joel Edgerton. <ref name="Bright">{{Cite web |last=Kit |first=Borys |date=11 October 2016 |title=David Ayer's 'Bright' Lands 'Mr. Church' Actress Lucy Fry (Exclusive) |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/david-ayers-bright-lands-lucy-937362 |access-date=2 February 2017 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> A cikin watan Yulin shekara ta 2017, an jefa Fry don tauraro a matsayin Heidi a cikin fim ɗin ''Ta Bace'' tare da Eiza González . <ref name="Highway">{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr |date=12 July 2017 |title=David Ayer's 'Bright' Lands 'Mr. Church' Actress Lucy Fry (Exclusive) |url=https://deadline.com/2017/07/lucy-fry-eiza-gonzalez-josh-hartnett-blake-berris-highway-alexandra-mcguinness-1202127269/ |access-date=21 July 2017 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> <ref name="missing">{{Cite web |date=5 February 2019 |title=''She's Missing'': Alexandra McGuinness on her new movie |url=https://www.rte.ie/culture/2019/0204/1027423-shes-missing-alexandra-mcguinness-on-her-new-movie/ |access-date=22 February 2019 |publisher=Raidió Teilifís Éireann}}</ref> [[Fayil:Lucy Fry (35335289093).jpg|thumb|Lucy Fry]] A cikin Yuli 2019, ta shiga cikin simintin ''gyare-gyare na Ƙarshe'', ɗan wasan Ba'amurke da Biritaniya na Tim Kirkby, wanda ya dogara da wani labari ''na Ƙarshe'' na Howard Michael Gould . <ref name="Last Looks">{{Cite web |last=N'Duka |first=Amanda |date=15 July 2019 |title='Bright' Actress Lucy Fry Cast in Action Thriller 'Waldo' |url=https://deadline.com/2019/07/lucy-fry-mel-gibson-charlie-hunnam-waldo-1202646657/ |access-date=5 March 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ritman |first=Alex |date=30 June 2020 |title=Mel Gibson Has Busy Film Slate Despite Renewed Anti-Semitism Claim |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/mel-gibson-has-busy-film-slate-renewed-anti-semitism-claim-1300903 |access-date=30 June 2020 |website=The Hollywood Reporter}}</ref> A cikin wannan shekarar, an gan ta a matsayin Stella Gigante a cikin jerin wasan kwaikwayo na laifi ''Godfather na Harlem'', wanda aka fara a watan Satumba na 2019 akan Epix . <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 September 2019 |title=Interview with Godfather of Harlem's Lucy Fry |url=https://www.lofficielusa.com/film-tv/lucy-fry-editorial-interview-2019 |access-date=19 February 2020 |publisher=L'Officiel USA}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Petski |first=Denise |date=7 December 2022 |title='Godfather of Harlem' Season 3 Cast Includes Yul Vázquez |url=https://deadline.com/2022/12/godfather-of-harlem-season-3-cast-yul-vazquez-1235192351/ |access-date=13 December 2022 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> A cikin watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2020, an ba da sanarwar cewa za ta yi tauraro a cikin fim ɗin ''Night Teeth'' [[Netflix|na Netflix]] mai ban sha'awa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr |date=3 February 2020 |title=Netflix Sets Jorge Lendeborg Jr For Lead In 'Night Teeth'; Debby Ryan, Lucy Fry, Alfie Allen & Raúl Castillo Bring The Terror |url=https://deadline.com/2020/02/netflix-night-teeth-jorge-lendeborg-jr-debby-ryan-lucy-fry-alfie-allen-1202850158/ |access-date=19 February 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> == Filmography == === Fim === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! class="unsortable" | Bayanan kula |- | 2014 | ''Vampire Academy'' | Lissa Dragomir | |- | rowspan="2" | 2015 | ''Yanzu ƙara zuma'' | Honey Halloway | |- | ''Haɗin Preppie'' | Alex Hayes | |- | rowspan="2" | 2016 | ''Mista Church'' | Poppy | Asalin suna ''Henry Joseph Church'' |- | ''Duhu'' | Stephanie Taylor asalin | Asalin suna ''6 Miranda Drive'' |- | 2017 | ''Mai haske'' | Tikka | Fim mai gudana kai tsaye <ref name="Bright"/> |- | 2019 | ''Ta Bace'' | Heidi | |- | 2021 | ''Hakora Dare'' | Zoe | Fim mai gudana kai tsaye <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr. |date=3 February 2020 |title=Netflix Sets Jorge Lendeborg Jr For Lead In 'Night Teeth;' Debby Ryan, Lucy Fry & Alfie Allen Bring The Terror |url=https://deadline.com/2020/02/netflix-night-teeth-jorge-lendeborg-jr-debby-ryan-lucy-fry-alfie-allen-1202850158/ |access-date=3 February 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> |- | 2022 | ''Kallon Karshe'' | Jayne White | Asalin mai suna ''Waldo'' <ref name="Last Looks"/> |} === Talabijin === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! class="unsortable" | Bayanan kula |- | 2010 | ''H <nowiki><sub id="mwARQ">2</sub></nowiki> O: Kawai Ƙara Ruwa'' | dalibi a Graduation | Episode: "Graduation"; wanda ba a yarda da shi ba <ref name="net10">{{Cite web |title=Mako Mermaids – Lucy Fry |url=http://ten.com.au/tvshows/mako-8304.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130909231930/http://ten.com.au/tvshows/mako-8304.htm |archive-date=9 September 2013 |access-date=9 August 2013}}</ref> |- | 2012 | ''Wurin Walƙiya'' | Zoey | Babban rawa |- | rowspan="2" | 2013 | ''Likitocin Reef'' | Josie | Episode: "Kashi Na Biyar" |- | ''Mako: Tsibirin Asirin'' | Lyla | Babban rawar (lokaci na 1) |- | rowspan="2" | 2016 | ''11.22.63'' | Marina Oswald | Babban rawa |- | ''Wolf Creek'' | Hauwa Thorogood | Matsayin jagora<br /><br /><br /><br /> Kyautar Fangoria Chainsaw don Kyautar Jarumar TV (2017) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Never mind Oscar, here's the 2017 Fangoria Chainsaw Awards Nominees Ballot! |url=http://www.fangoria.com/new/never-mind-oscar-heres-the-2017-fangoria-chainsaw-awards-nominees-ballot/ |access-date=14 February 2017 |website=Fangoria® |archive-date=6 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806233824/http://fangoria.com/new/never-mind-oscar-heres-the-2017-fangoria-chainsaw-awards-nominees-ballot/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | 2019 - yanzu | ''Sunan mahaifi Harlem'' | Stella Gigante | Babban rawa |} === Bidiyon kiɗa === * Thirsty Merc (2010) na Tommy da Krista <ref name="net10"/> == Gidan wasan kwaikwayo == {| class="wikitable sortable" ! scope="col" |Shekara ! scope="col" | Aiki ! scope="col" | Matsayi |- | rowspan="3" | 2007 | ''Labarin Ruwa'' | Tsohon Mariner |- | ''Wasan Maze mai ban mamaki na Mr A'' | Suzie |- | ''Dole ne Nunin ya Ci gaba'' | Tsana |- | rowspan="4" | 2008 | ''Mafarkin Daren Tsakar Rani'' | Wannan be |- | ''Hotunan Wasa'' | Mai yin Roving |- | ''Tafiya mara ganuwa'' | Lucy |- | ''Ramalama'' | Mai Yin Jiki |- | rowspan="3" | 2009 | ''bakin teku'' | Serena |- | ''Ƙarni masu ƙirƙira'' | Kifin zaki |- | ''Sarki Oedipus'' | Manzo |- | 2010 | ''Jakar Bace'' | Mai yin Roving |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1992]] bajm6pl3r5is2yphvm2opefzqnjgwzh 826624 826623 2026-04-26T10:23:50Z Pharouqenr 25549 826624 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Lucy Elizabeth Fry''' (an haife ta ne acikin watan 13 Maris din shekara ta 1992<ref> name="Hollywood.com">{{Cite web |title=Lucy Fry |url=http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806141607/http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |archive-date=2017-08-06 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=Hollywood.com}}</ref> ) yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta [[Austriya|Australiya]]. An san ta don nuna Zoey a cikin ''Hasken walƙiya'', Lyla a ''Mako: Tsibirin Asirin'', da Lissa Dragomir a cikin fim din ''Vampire Academy.'' An kuma jefa Fry a cikin miniseries na kashi takwas na Hulu ''11.22.63'' a matsayin Marina Oswald, matar Lee Harvey Oswald,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Goldberg |first=Lesley |date=7 April 2015 |title=Chris Cooper, Cherry Jones Set to Co-Star in Hulu's James Franco Starrer '11/22/63' |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/chris-cooper-cherry-jones-set-786740 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |quote=Lucy Fry (Vampire Academy) is Marina Oswald, Lee Harvey Oswald's Russian wife.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bryant |first=Jacob |date=19 November 2015 |title=Watch: James Franco Stars in Hulu's '11.22.63' |url=https://variety.com/2015/digital/news/video-james-franco-11-22-63-stephen-king-jj-abrams-hulu-1201644710/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]}}</ref> kuma ta taka rawa a cikin jerin talabijin na tsoro na Australiya na cikin shekara ta 2016 ''Wolf Creek'' da Tikka a cikin fim din [[Netflix]] na cikin shekara ta 2017 ''Bright.'' Tun daga cikin shekara ta 2019, ta nuna Stella Gigante a cikin jerin Epix ''Godfather na Harlem''. == Rayuwar farko == [[Fayil:Lucy Fry 2014.jpg|thumb|Lucy Fry]] An haifi Fry a Wooloowin, Queensland, [[Asturaliya|Ostiraliya]] a cikin shekara ta 1992.<ref name="Hollywood.com">{{Cite web |title=Lucy Fry |url=http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806141607/http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |archive-date=2017-08-06 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=Hollywood.com}}</ref> Ta halarci Makarantar Grammar Girls na [[Brisbane]] a Brisbane, Queensland,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Barrett |first=Glenn |year=2021 |title=BRISBANE GIRLS GRAMMAR SCHOOL ENROLMENTS INFORMATION [At a glance] |url=https://www.readkong.com/page/brisbane-girls-grammar-school-enrolments-information-8268975 |access-date=19 January 2025 |website=Brisbane Girls Grammar School |page=3 |via=ReadKong}}</ref> kuma ta fara karatun wasan kwaikwayo tun tana ƙarami, horo tare da kamfanin wasan kwaikwayo na jiki na tushen Brisbane, Zen Zen Zo. A cikin shekara ta 2007, ta kasance ta zo ta biyu a cikin Binciken Model na Mujallar budurwa. == Sana'a == Ta yi bayyanar da ba a yarda da ita ba a wasan karshe na kakar 3 na H 2 O: Just Add Water, a cikin shekara ta 2010. Babban aikinta na farko a talabijin shine Zoey a cikin Hasken walƙiya. Daga nan sai ta ci gaba da yin wasa Lyla, ɗaya daga cikin manyan ayyuka na mermaid, a cikin kakar 1 na Mako: Island of Secrets, a spin-off of H 2 O: Just Add Water . A cikin shekara ta 2014, ta sami babban matsayinta na farko na allo, kamar yadda Lissa Dragomir a ''Kwalejin Vampire'' <ref>{{Cite web |last=Trumbore |first=Dave |date=1 February 2013 |title=Vampire Academy: Blood Sisters to Star Zoey Deutch and Lucy Fry with Mark Waters Directing |url=https://collider.com/zoey-deutch-lucy-fry-vampire-academy-blood-sisters/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Collider (website)|Collider]]}}</ref> da kuma azaman zuma a ''Yanzu Ƙara zuma.''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=Neala |date=4 August 2013 |title=Portia de Rossi, Hamish Blake – and maybe Ellen – bring a little Honey to Australian movie shoot |url=http://www.news.com.au/entertainment/movies/portia-de-rossi-hamish-blake-8212-and-maybe-ellen-8212-bring-a-little-honey-to-australian-movie-shoot/story-e6frfmvr-1226690727027 |access-date=23 April 2016 |publisher=[[News.com.au]]}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2015, Fry ya haɗu a cikin ''Haɗin Preppie'' gabanin Thomas Mann, yana wasa da rawar Alex.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Harvey |first=Dennis |date=4 November 2015 |title=Film Review: 'The Preppie Connection' |url=https://variety.com/2015/film/reviews/the-preppie-connection-review-1201623869/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |quote=Much as he resents their snobbery, however, Toby can't help being attracted by the social magnetism of the school's leading "preppies," particularly brash ringleader Ellis (Logan Huffman) and his beautiful g.f. Alex (Lucy Fry), representing the moneyed elite of Manhattan and North Carolina, respectively.}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2016, ta fito a cikin fina-finan ''Mista Church'', tare da Eddie Murphy da Britt Robertson,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Scheck |first=Frank |date=22 April 2016 |title='Mr. Church': Tribeca Review |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/mr-church-tribeca-review-887130 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> da kuma ''The Darkness'', tare da Kevin Bacon . Acikin wannan shekarar, ta taka rawar jagora Eve Thorogood a cikin miniseries na Australiya ''Wolf Creek.''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Newsome |first=Brad |date=12 May 2016 |title=Review: Wolf Creek the TV series emerges as an engrossing new chapter in the cult thriller's story |url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/tv-and-radio/review-wolf-creek-the-tv-series-emerges-as-an-engrossing-new-chapter-in-the-cult-thrillers-story-20160512-gotllw.html |access-date=27 July 2016 |website=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]}}</ref> Ta kuma yi tauraro a cikin ''11.22.63'' tana wasa Marina, matar Lee Harvey Oswald.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pedersen |first=Erik |date=7 April 2015 |title=Chris Cooper & Others Join Hulu's '11/22/63' Cast; Director Set |url=https://deadline.com/2015/04/chris-cooper-11-22-63-hulu-kevin-macdonald-james-franco-1201405877/ |access-date=26 May 2020 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> A cikin watan Oktoban shekara ta 2016, an jefa Fry a matsayin Tikka, wani matashin elf wanda ya mallaki iko akan sihirin sihiri, a cikin fim ɗin fantasy na cikin shekara ta 2017 ''Bright'' wanda taurari Will Smith da Joel Edgerton. <ref name="Bright">{{Cite web |last=Kit |first=Borys |date=11 October 2016 |title=David Ayer's 'Bright' Lands 'Mr. Church' Actress Lucy Fry (Exclusive) |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/david-ayers-bright-lands-lucy-937362 |access-date=2 February 2017 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> A cikin watan Yulin shekara ta 2017, an jefa Fry don tauraro a matsayin Heidi a cikin fim ɗin ''Ta Bace'' tare da Eiza González.<ref name="Highway">{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr |date=12 July 2017 |title=David Ayer's 'Bright' Lands 'Mr. Church' Actress Lucy Fry (Exclusive) |url=https://deadline.com/2017/07/lucy-fry-eiza-gonzalez-josh-hartnett-blake-berris-highway-alexandra-mcguinness-1202127269/ |access-date=21 July 2017 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref><ref name="missing">{{Cite web |date=5 February 2019 |title=''She's Missing'': Alexandra McGuinness on her new movie |url=https://www.rte.ie/culture/2019/0204/1027423-shes-missing-alexandra-mcguinness-on-her-new-movie/ |access-date=22 February 2019 |publisher=Raidió Teilifís Éireann}}</ref> [[Fayil:Lucy Fry (35335289093).jpg|thumb|Lucy Fry]] A cikin Yuli 2019, ta shiga cikin simintin ''gyare-gyare na Ƙarshe'', ɗan wasan Ba'amurke da Biritaniya na Tim Kirkby, wanda ya dogara da wani labari ''na Ƙarshe'' na Howard Michael Gould . <ref name="Last Looks">{{Cite web |last=N'Duka |first=Amanda |date=15 July 2019 |title='Bright' Actress Lucy Fry Cast in Action Thriller 'Waldo' |url=https://deadline.com/2019/07/lucy-fry-mel-gibson-charlie-hunnam-waldo-1202646657/ |access-date=5 March 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ritman |first=Alex |date=30 June 2020 |title=Mel Gibson Has Busy Film Slate Despite Renewed Anti-Semitism Claim |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/mel-gibson-has-busy-film-slate-renewed-anti-semitism-claim-1300903 |access-date=30 June 2020 |website=The Hollywood Reporter}}</ref> A cikin wannan shekarar, an gan ta a matsayin Stella Gigante a cikin jerin wasan kwaikwayo na laifi ''Godfather na Harlem'', wanda aka fara a watan Satumba na 2019 akan Epix . <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 September 2019 |title=Interview with Godfather of Harlem's Lucy Fry |url=https://www.lofficielusa.com/film-tv/lucy-fry-editorial-interview-2019 |access-date=19 February 2020 |publisher=L'Officiel USA}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Petski |first=Denise |date=7 December 2022 |title='Godfather of Harlem' Season 3 Cast Includes Yul Vázquez |url=https://deadline.com/2022/12/godfather-of-harlem-season-3-cast-yul-vazquez-1235192351/ |access-date=13 December 2022 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> A cikin watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2020, an ba da sanarwar cewa za ta yi tauraro a cikin fim ɗin ''Night Teeth'' [[Netflix|na Netflix]] mai ban sha'awa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr |date=3 February 2020 |title=Netflix Sets Jorge Lendeborg Jr For Lead In 'Night Teeth'; Debby Ryan, Lucy Fry, Alfie Allen & Raúl Castillo Bring The Terror |url=https://deadline.com/2020/02/netflix-night-teeth-jorge-lendeborg-jr-debby-ryan-lucy-fry-alfie-allen-1202850158/ |access-date=19 February 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> == Filmography == === Fim === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! class="unsortable" | Bayanan kula |- | 2014 | ''Vampire Academy'' | Lissa Dragomir | |- | rowspan="2" | 2015 | ''Yanzu ƙara zuma'' | Honey Halloway | |- | ''Haɗin Preppie'' | Alex Hayes | |- | rowspan="2" | 2016 | ''Mista Church'' | Poppy | Asalin suna ''Henry Joseph Church'' |- | ''Duhu'' | Stephanie Taylor asalin | Asalin suna ''6 Miranda Drive'' |- | 2017 | ''Mai haske'' | Tikka | Fim mai gudana kai tsaye <ref name="Bright"/> |- | 2019 | ''Ta Bace'' | Heidi | |- | 2021 | ''Hakora Dare'' | Zoe | Fim mai gudana kai tsaye <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr. |date=3 February 2020 |title=Netflix Sets Jorge Lendeborg Jr For Lead In 'Night Teeth;' Debby Ryan, Lucy Fry & Alfie Allen Bring The Terror |url=https://deadline.com/2020/02/netflix-night-teeth-jorge-lendeborg-jr-debby-ryan-lucy-fry-alfie-allen-1202850158/ |access-date=3 February 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> |- | 2022 | ''Kallon Karshe'' | Jayne White | Asalin mai suna ''Waldo'' <ref name="Last Looks"/> |} === Talabijin === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! class="unsortable" | Bayanan kula |- | 2010 | ''H <nowiki><sub id="mwARQ">2</sub></nowiki> O: Kawai Ƙara Ruwa'' | dalibi a Graduation | Episode: "Graduation"; wanda ba a yarda da shi ba <ref name="net10">{{Cite web |title=Mako Mermaids – Lucy Fry |url=http://ten.com.au/tvshows/mako-8304.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130909231930/http://ten.com.au/tvshows/mako-8304.htm |archive-date=9 September 2013 |access-date=9 August 2013}}</ref> |- | 2012 | ''Wurin Walƙiya'' | Zoey | Babban rawa |- | rowspan="2" | 2013 | ''Likitocin Reef'' | Josie | Episode: "Kashi Na Biyar" |- | ''Mako: Tsibirin Asirin'' | Lyla | Babban rawar (lokaci na 1) |- | rowspan="2" | 2016 | ''11.22.63'' | Marina Oswald | Babban rawa |- | ''Wolf Creek'' | Hauwa Thorogood | Matsayin jagora<br /><br /><br /><br /> Kyautar Fangoria Chainsaw don Kyautar Jarumar TV (2017) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Never mind Oscar, here's the 2017 Fangoria Chainsaw Awards Nominees Ballot! |url=http://www.fangoria.com/new/never-mind-oscar-heres-the-2017-fangoria-chainsaw-awards-nominees-ballot/ |access-date=14 February 2017 |website=Fangoria® |archive-date=6 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806233824/http://fangoria.com/new/never-mind-oscar-heres-the-2017-fangoria-chainsaw-awards-nominees-ballot/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | 2019 - yanzu | ''Sunan mahaifi Harlem'' | Stella Gigante | Babban rawa |} === Bidiyon kiɗa === * Thirsty Merc (2010) na Tommy da Krista <ref name="net10"/> == Gidan wasan kwaikwayo == {| class="wikitable sortable" ! scope="col" |Shekara ! scope="col" | Aiki ! scope="col" | Matsayi |- | rowspan="3" | 2007 | ''Labarin Ruwa'' | Tsohon Mariner |- | ''Wasan Maze mai ban mamaki na Mr A'' | Suzie |- | ''Dole ne Nunin ya Ci gaba'' | Tsana |- | rowspan="4" | 2008 | ''Mafarkin Daren Tsakar Rani'' | Wannan be |- | ''Hotunan Wasa'' | Mai yin Roving |- | ''Tafiya mara ganuwa'' | Lucy |- | ''Ramalama'' | Mai Yin Jiki |- | rowspan="3" | 2009 | ''bakin teku'' | Serena |- | ''Ƙarni masu ƙirƙira'' | Kifin zaki |- | ''Sarki Oedipus'' | Manzo |- | 2010 | ''Jakar Bace'' | Mai yin Roving |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1992]] 6kc5mizosqvch06wawitp4luidctamc 826625 826624 2026-04-26T10:24:17Z Pharouqenr 25549 826625 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Lucy Elizabeth Fry''' (an haife ta ne acikin watan 13 Maris din shekara ta 1992<ref> name="Hollywood.com">{{Cite web |title=Lucy Fry |url=http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806141607/http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |archive-date=2017-08-06 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=Hollywood.com}}</ref> ) yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta [[Austriya|Australiya]]. An san ta don nuna Zoey a cikin ''Hasken walƙiya'', Lyla a ''Mako: Tsibirin Asirin'', da Lissa Dragomir a cikin fim din ''Vampire Academy.'' An kuma jefa Fry a cikin miniseries na kashi takwas na Hulu ''11.22.63'' a matsayin Marina Oswald, matar Lee Harvey Oswald,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Goldberg |first=Lesley |date=7 April 2015 |title=Chris Cooper, Cherry Jones Set to Co-Star in Hulu's James Franco Starrer '11/22/63' |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/chris-cooper-cherry-jones-set-786740 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |quote=Lucy Fry (Vampire Academy) is Marina Oswald, Lee Harvey Oswald's Russian wife.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bryant |first=Jacob |date=19 November 2015 |title=Watch: James Franco Stars in Hulu's '11.22.63' |url=https://variety.com/2015/digital/news/video-james-franco-11-22-63-stephen-king-jj-abrams-hulu-1201644710/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]}}</ref> kuma ta taka rawa a cikin jerin talabijin na tsoro na Australiya na cikin shekara ta 2016 ''Wolf Creek'' da Tikka a cikin fim din [[Netflix]] na cikin shekara ta 2017 ''Bright.'' Tun daga cikin shekara ta 2019, ta nuna Stella Gigante a cikin jerin Epix ''Godfather na Harlem''. == Rayuwar farko == [[Fayil:Lucy Fry 2014.jpg|thumb|Lucy Fry]] An haifi Fry a Wooloowin, Queensland, [[Asturaliya|Ostiraliya]] a cikin shekara ta 1992.<ref name="Hollywood.com">{{Cite web |title=Lucy Fry |url=http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806141607/http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |archive-date=2017-08-06 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=Hollywood.com}}</ref> Ta halarci Makarantar Grammar Girls na [[Brisbane]] a Brisbane, Queensland,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Barrett |first=Glenn |year=2021 |title=BRISBANE GIRLS GRAMMAR SCHOOL ENROLMENTS INFORMATION [At a glance] |url=https://www.readkong.com/page/brisbane-girls-grammar-school-enrolments-information-8268975 |access-date=19 January 2025 |website=Brisbane Girls Grammar School |page=3 |via=ReadKong}}</ref> kuma ta fara karatun wasan kwaikwayo tun tana ƙarami, horo tare da kamfanin wasan kwaikwayo na jiki na tushen Brisbane, Zen Zen Zo. A cikin shekara ta 2007, ta kasance ta zo ta biyu a cikin Binciken Model na Mujallar budurwa. == Sana'a == Ta yi bayyanar da ba a yarda da ita ba a wasan karshe na kakar 3 na H 2 O: Just Add Water, a cikin shekara ta 2010. Babban aikinta na farko a talabijin shine Zoey a cikin Hasken walƙiya. Daga nan sai ta ci gaba da yin wasa Lyla, ɗaya daga cikin manyan ayyuka na mermaid, a cikin kakar 1 na Mako: Island of Secrets, a spin-off of H 2 O: Just Add Water . A cikin shekara ta 2014, ta sami babban matsayinta na farko na allo, kamar yadda Lissa Dragomir a ''Kwalejin Vampire''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Trumbore |first=Dave |date=1 February 2013 |title=Vampire Academy: Blood Sisters to Star Zoey Deutch and Lucy Fry with Mark Waters Directing |url=https://collider.com/zoey-deutch-lucy-fry-vampire-academy-blood-sisters/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Collider (website)|Collider]]}}</ref> da kuma azaman zuma a ''Yanzu Ƙara zuma.''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=Neala |date=4 August 2013 |title=Portia de Rossi, Hamish Blake – and maybe Ellen – bring a little Honey to Australian movie shoot |url=http://www.news.com.au/entertainment/movies/portia-de-rossi-hamish-blake-8212-and-maybe-ellen-8212-bring-a-little-honey-to-australian-movie-shoot/story-e6frfmvr-1226690727027 |access-date=23 April 2016 |publisher=[[News.com.au]]}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2015, Fry ya haɗu a cikin ''Haɗin Preppie'' gabanin Thomas Mann, yana wasa da rawar Alex.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Harvey |first=Dennis |date=4 November 2015 |title=Film Review: 'The Preppie Connection' |url=https://variety.com/2015/film/reviews/the-preppie-connection-review-1201623869/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |quote=Much as he resents their snobbery, however, Toby can't help being attracted by the social magnetism of the school's leading "preppies," particularly brash ringleader Ellis (Logan Huffman) and his beautiful g.f. Alex (Lucy Fry), representing the moneyed elite of Manhattan and North Carolina, respectively.}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2016, ta fito a cikin fina-finan ''Mista Church'', tare da Eddie Murphy da Britt Robertson,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Scheck |first=Frank |date=22 April 2016 |title='Mr. Church': Tribeca Review |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/mr-church-tribeca-review-887130 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> da kuma ''The Darkness'', tare da Kevin Bacon . Acikin wannan shekarar, ta taka rawar jagora Eve Thorogood a cikin miniseries na Australiya ''Wolf Creek.''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Newsome |first=Brad |date=12 May 2016 |title=Review: Wolf Creek the TV series emerges as an engrossing new chapter in the cult thriller's story |url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/tv-and-radio/review-wolf-creek-the-tv-series-emerges-as-an-engrossing-new-chapter-in-the-cult-thrillers-story-20160512-gotllw.html |access-date=27 July 2016 |website=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]}}</ref> Ta kuma yi tauraro a cikin ''11.22.63'' tana wasa Marina, matar Lee Harvey Oswald.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pedersen |first=Erik |date=7 April 2015 |title=Chris Cooper & Others Join Hulu's '11/22/63' Cast; Director Set |url=https://deadline.com/2015/04/chris-cooper-11-22-63-hulu-kevin-macdonald-james-franco-1201405877/ |access-date=26 May 2020 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> A cikin watan Oktoban shekara ta 2016, an jefa Fry a matsayin Tikka, wani matashin elf wanda ya mallaki iko akan sihirin sihiri, a cikin fim ɗin fantasy na cikin shekara ta 2017 ''Bright'' wanda taurari Will Smith da Joel Edgerton. <ref name="Bright">{{Cite web |last=Kit |first=Borys |date=11 October 2016 |title=David Ayer's 'Bright' Lands 'Mr. Church' Actress Lucy Fry (Exclusive) |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/david-ayers-bright-lands-lucy-937362 |access-date=2 February 2017 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> A cikin watan Yulin shekara ta 2017, an jefa Fry don tauraro a matsayin Heidi a cikin fim ɗin ''Ta Bace'' tare da Eiza González.<ref name="Highway">{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr |date=12 July 2017 |title=David Ayer's 'Bright' Lands 'Mr. Church' Actress Lucy Fry (Exclusive) |url=https://deadline.com/2017/07/lucy-fry-eiza-gonzalez-josh-hartnett-blake-berris-highway-alexandra-mcguinness-1202127269/ |access-date=21 July 2017 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref><ref name="missing">{{Cite web |date=5 February 2019 |title=''She's Missing'': Alexandra McGuinness on her new movie |url=https://www.rte.ie/culture/2019/0204/1027423-shes-missing-alexandra-mcguinness-on-her-new-movie/ |access-date=22 February 2019 |publisher=Raidió Teilifís Éireann}}</ref> [[Fayil:Lucy Fry (35335289093).jpg|thumb|Lucy Fry]] A cikin Yuli 2019, ta shiga cikin simintin ''gyare-gyare na Ƙarshe'', ɗan wasan Ba'amurke da Biritaniya na Tim Kirkby, wanda ya dogara da wani labari ''na Ƙarshe'' na Howard Michael Gould . <ref name="Last Looks">{{Cite web |last=N'Duka |first=Amanda |date=15 July 2019 |title='Bright' Actress Lucy Fry Cast in Action Thriller 'Waldo' |url=https://deadline.com/2019/07/lucy-fry-mel-gibson-charlie-hunnam-waldo-1202646657/ |access-date=5 March 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ritman |first=Alex |date=30 June 2020 |title=Mel Gibson Has Busy Film Slate Despite Renewed Anti-Semitism Claim |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/mel-gibson-has-busy-film-slate-renewed-anti-semitism-claim-1300903 |access-date=30 June 2020 |website=The Hollywood Reporter}}</ref> A cikin wannan shekarar, an gan ta a matsayin Stella Gigante a cikin jerin wasan kwaikwayo na laifi ''Godfather na Harlem'', wanda aka fara a watan Satumba na 2019 akan Epix . <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 September 2019 |title=Interview with Godfather of Harlem's Lucy Fry |url=https://www.lofficielusa.com/film-tv/lucy-fry-editorial-interview-2019 |access-date=19 February 2020 |publisher=L'Officiel USA}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Petski |first=Denise |date=7 December 2022 |title='Godfather of Harlem' Season 3 Cast Includes Yul Vázquez |url=https://deadline.com/2022/12/godfather-of-harlem-season-3-cast-yul-vazquez-1235192351/ |access-date=13 December 2022 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> A cikin watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2020, an ba da sanarwar cewa za ta yi tauraro a cikin fim ɗin ''Night Teeth'' [[Netflix|na Netflix]] mai ban sha'awa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr |date=3 February 2020 |title=Netflix Sets Jorge Lendeborg Jr For Lead In 'Night Teeth'; Debby Ryan, Lucy Fry, Alfie Allen & Raúl Castillo Bring The Terror |url=https://deadline.com/2020/02/netflix-night-teeth-jorge-lendeborg-jr-debby-ryan-lucy-fry-alfie-allen-1202850158/ |access-date=19 February 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> == Filmography == === Fim === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! class="unsortable" | Bayanan kula |- | 2014 | ''Vampire Academy'' | Lissa Dragomir | |- | rowspan="2" | 2015 | ''Yanzu ƙara zuma'' | Honey Halloway | |- | ''Haɗin Preppie'' | Alex Hayes | |- | rowspan="2" | 2016 | ''Mista Church'' | Poppy | Asalin suna ''Henry Joseph Church'' |- | ''Duhu'' | Stephanie Taylor asalin | Asalin suna ''6 Miranda Drive'' |- | 2017 | ''Mai haske'' | Tikka | Fim mai gudana kai tsaye <ref name="Bright"/> |- | 2019 | ''Ta Bace'' | Heidi | |- | 2021 | ''Hakora Dare'' | Zoe | Fim mai gudana kai tsaye <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr. |date=3 February 2020 |title=Netflix Sets Jorge Lendeborg Jr For Lead In 'Night Teeth;' Debby Ryan, Lucy Fry & Alfie Allen Bring The Terror |url=https://deadline.com/2020/02/netflix-night-teeth-jorge-lendeborg-jr-debby-ryan-lucy-fry-alfie-allen-1202850158/ |access-date=3 February 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> |- | 2022 | ''Kallon Karshe'' | Jayne White | Asalin mai suna ''Waldo'' <ref name="Last Looks"/> |} === Talabijin === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! class="unsortable" | Bayanan kula |- | 2010 | ''H <nowiki><sub id="mwARQ">2</sub></nowiki> O: Kawai Ƙara Ruwa'' | dalibi a Graduation | Episode: "Graduation"; wanda ba a yarda da shi ba <ref name="net10">{{Cite web |title=Mako Mermaids – Lucy Fry |url=http://ten.com.au/tvshows/mako-8304.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130909231930/http://ten.com.au/tvshows/mako-8304.htm |archive-date=9 September 2013 |access-date=9 August 2013}}</ref> |- | 2012 | ''Wurin Walƙiya'' | Zoey | Babban rawa |- | rowspan="2" | 2013 | ''Likitocin Reef'' | Josie | Episode: "Kashi Na Biyar" |- | ''Mako: Tsibirin Asirin'' | Lyla | Babban rawar (lokaci na 1) |- | rowspan="2" | 2016 | ''11.22.63'' | Marina Oswald | Babban rawa |- | ''Wolf Creek'' | Hauwa Thorogood | Matsayin jagora<br /><br /><br /><br /> Kyautar Fangoria Chainsaw don Kyautar Jarumar TV (2017) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Never mind Oscar, here's the 2017 Fangoria Chainsaw Awards Nominees Ballot! |url=http://www.fangoria.com/new/never-mind-oscar-heres-the-2017-fangoria-chainsaw-awards-nominees-ballot/ |access-date=14 February 2017 |website=Fangoria® |archive-date=6 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806233824/http://fangoria.com/new/never-mind-oscar-heres-the-2017-fangoria-chainsaw-awards-nominees-ballot/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | 2019 - yanzu | ''Sunan mahaifi Harlem'' | Stella Gigante | Babban rawa |} === Bidiyon kiɗa === * Thirsty Merc (2010) na Tommy da Krista <ref name="net10"/> == Gidan wasan kwaikwayo == {| class="wikitable sortable" ! scope="col" |Shekara ! scope="col" | Aiki ! scope="col" | Matsayi |- | rowspan="3" | 2007 | ''Labarin Ruwa'' | Tsohon Mariner |- | ''Wasan Maze mai ban mamaki na Mr A'' | Suzie |- | ''Dole ne Nunin ya Ci gaba'' | Tsana |- | rowspan="4" | 2008 | ''Mafarkin Daren Tsakar Rani'' | Wannan be |- | ''Hotunan Wasa'' | Mai yin Roving |- | ''Tafiya mara ganuwa'' | Lucy |- | ''Ramalama'' | Mai Yin Jiki |- | rowspan="3" | 2009 | ''bakin teku'' | Serena |- | ''Ƙarni masu ƙirƙira'' | Kifin zaki |- | ''Sarki Oedipus'' | Manzo |- | 2010 | ''Jakar Bace'' | Mai yin Roving |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1992]] 94g6wnzp3hpczt68otyrfo9tqpw88ew 826626 826625 2026-04-26T10:24:37Z Pharouqenr 25549 826626 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Lucy Elizabeth Fry''' (an haife ta ne acikin watan 13 Maris din shekara ta 1992<ref> name="Hollywood.com">{{Cite web |title=Lucy Fry |url=http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806141607/http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |archive-date=2017-08-06 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=Hollywood.com}}</ref> ) yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta [[Austriya|Australiya]]. An san ta don nuna Zoey a cikin ''Hasken walƙiya'', Lyla a ''Mako: Tsibirin Asirin'', da Lissa Dragomir a cikin fim din ''Vampire Academy.'' An kuma jefa Fry a cikin miniseries na kashi takwas na Hulu ''11.22.63'' a matsayin Marina Oswald, matar Lee Harvey Oswald,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Goldberg |first=Lesley |date=7 April 2015 |title=Chris Cooper, Cherry Jones Set to Co-Star in Hulu's James Franco Starrer '11/22/63' |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/chris-cooper-cherry-jones-set-786740 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |quote=Lucy Fry (Vampire Academy) is Marina Oswald, Lee Harvey Oswald's Russian wife.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bryant |first=Jacob |date=19 November 2015 |title=Watch: James Franco Stars in Hulu's '11.22.63' |url=https://variety.com/2015/digital/news/video-james-franco-11-22-63-stephen-king-jj-abrams-hulu-1201644710/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]}}</ref> kuma ta taka rawa a cikin jerin talabijin na tsoro na Australiya na cikin shekara ta 2016 ''Wolf Creek'' da Tikka a cikin fim din [[Netflix]] na cikin shekara ta 2017 ''Bright.'' Tun daga cikin shekara ta 2019, ta nuna Stella Gigante a cikin jerin Epix ''Godfather na Harlem''. == Rayuwar farko == [[Fayil:Lucy Fry 2014.jpg|thumb|Lucy Fry]] An haifi Fry a Wooloowin, Queensland, [[Asturaliya|Ostiraliya]] a cikin shekara ta 1992.<ref name="Hollywood.com">{{Cite web |title=Lucy Fry |url=http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806141607/http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |archive-date=2017-08-06 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=Hollywood.com}}</ref> Ta halarci Makarantar Grammar Girls na [[Brisbane]] a Brisbane, Queensland,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Barrett |first=Glenn |year=2021 |title=BRISBANE GIRLS GRAMMAR SCHOOL ENROLMENTS INFORMATION [At a glance] |url=https://www.readkong.com/page/brisbane-girls-grammar-school-enrolments-information-8268975 |access-date=19 January 2025 |website=Brisbane Girls Grammar School |page=3 |via=ReadKong}}</ref> kuma ta fara karatun wasan kwaikwayo tun tana ƙarami, horo tare da kamfanin wasan kwaikwayo na jiki na tushen Brisbane, Zen Zen Zo. A cikin shekara ta 2007, ta kasance ta zo ta biyu a cikin Binciken Model na Mujallar budurwa. == Sana'a == Ta yi bayyanar da ba a yarda da ita ba a wasan karshe na kakar 3 na H 2 O: Just Add Water, a cikin shekara ta 2010. Babban aikinta na farko a talabijin shine Zoey a cikin Hasken walƙiya. Daga nan sai ta ci gaba da yin wasa Lyla, ɗaya daga cikin manyan ayyuka na mermaid, a cikin kakar 1 na Mako: Island of Secrets, a spin-off of H 2 O: Just Add Water . A cikin shekara ta 2014, ta sami babban matsayinta na farko na allo, kamar yadda Lissa Dragomir a ''Kwalejin Vampire''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Trumbore |first=Dave |date=1 February 2013 |title=Vampire Academy: Blood Sisters to Star Zoey Deutch and Lucy Fry with Mark Waters Directing |url=https://collider.com/zoey-deutch-lucy-fry-vampire-academy-blood-sisters/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Collider (website)|Collider]]}}</ref> da kuma azaman zuma a ''Yanzu Ƙara zuma.''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=Neala |date=4 August 2013 |title=Portia de Rossi, Hamish Blake – and maybe Ellen – bring a little Honey to Australian movie shoot |url=http://www.news.com.au/entertainment/movies/portia-de-rossi-hamish-blake-8212-and-maybe-ellen-8212-bring-a-little-honey-to-australian-movie-shoot/story-e6frfmvr-1226690727027 |access-date=23 April 2016 |publisher=[[News.com.au]]}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2015, Fry ya haɗu a cikin ''Haɗin Preppie'' gabanin Thomas Mann, yana wasa da rawar Alex.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Harvey |first=Dennis |date=4 November 2015 |title=Film Review: 'The Preppie Connection' |url=https://variety.com/2015/film/reviews/the-preppie-connection-review-1201623869/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |quote=Much as he resents their snobbery, however, Toby can't help being attracted by the social magnetism of the school's leading "preppies," particularly brash ringleader Ellis (Logan Huffman) and his beautiful g.f. Alex (Lucy Fry), representing the moneyed elite of Manhattan and North Carolina, respectively.}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2016, ta fito a cikin fina-finan ''Mista Church'', tare da Eddie Murphy da Britt Robertson,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Scheck |first=Frank |date=22 April 2016 |title='Mr. Church': Tribeca Review |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/mr-church-tribeca-review-887130 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> da kuma ''The Darkness'', tare da Kevin Bacon . Acikin wannan shekarar, ta taka rawar jagora Eve Thorogood a cikin miniseries na Australiya ''Wolf Creek.''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Newsome |first=Brad |date=12 May 2016 |title=Review: Wolf Creek the TV series emerges as an engrossing new chapter in the cult thriller's story |url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/tv-and-radio/review-wolf-creek-the-tv-series-emerges-as-an-engrossing-new-chapter-in-the-cult-thrillers-story-20160512-gotllw.html |access-date=27 July 2016 |website=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]}}</ref> Ta kuma yi tauraro a cikin ''11.22.63'' tana wasa Marina, matar Lee Harvey Oswald.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pedersen |first=Erik |date=7 April 2015 |title=Chris Cooper & Others Join Hulu's '11/22/63' Cast; Director Set |url=https://deadline.com/2015/04/chris-cooper-11-22-63-hulu-kevin-macdonald-james-franco-1201405877/ |access-date=26 May 2020 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> A cikin watan Oktoban shekara ta 2016, an jefa Fry a matsayin Tikka, wani matashin elf wanda ya mallaki iko akan sihirin sihiri, a cikin fim ɗin fantasy na cikin shekara ta 2017 ''Bright'' wanda taurari Will Smith da Joel Edgerton. <ref name="Bright">{{Cite web |last=Kit |first=Borys |date=11 October 2016 |title=David Ayer's 'Bright' Lands 'Mr. Church' Actress Lucy Fry (Exclusive) |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/david-ayers-bright-lands-lucy-937362 |access-date=2 February 2017 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> A cikin watan Yulin shekara ta 2017, an jefa Fry don tauraro a matsayin Heidi a cikin fim ɗin ''Ta Bace'' tare da Eiza González.<ref name="Highway">{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr |date=12 July 2017 |title=David Ayer's 'Bright' Lands 'Mr. Church' Actress Lucy Fry (Exclusive) |url=https://deadline.com/2017/07/lucy-fry-eiza-gonzalez-josh-hartnett-blake-berris-highway-alexandra-mcguinness-1202127269/ |access-date=21 July 2017 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref><ref name="missing">{{Cite web |date=5 February 2019 |title=''She's Missing'': Alexandra McGuinness on her new movie |url=https://www.rte.ie/culture/2019/0204/1027423-shes-missing-alexandra-mcguinness-on-her-new-movie/ |access-date=22 February 2019 |publisher=Raidió Teilifís Éireann}}</ref> [[Fayil:Lucy Fry (35335289093).jpg|thumb|Lucy Fry]] A cikin Yuli 2019, ta shiga cikin simintin ''gyare-gyare na Ƙarshe'', ɗan wasan Ba'amurke da Biritaniya na Tim Kirkby, wanda ya dogara da wani labari ''na Ƙarshe'' na Howard Michael Gould.<ref name="Last Looks">{{Cite web |last=N'Duka |first=Amanda |date=15 July 2019 |title='Bright' Actress Lucy Fry Cast in Action Thriller 'Waldo' |url=https://deadline.com/2019/07/lucy-fry-mel-gibson-charlie-hunnam-waldo-1202646657/ |access-date=5 March 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ritman |first=Alex |date=30 June 2020 |title=Mel Gibson Has Busy Film Slate Despite Renewed Anti-Semitism Claim |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/mel-gibson-has-busy-film-slate-renewed-anti-semitism-claim-1300903 |access-date=30 June 2020 |website=The Hollywood Reporter}}</ref> A cikin wannan shekarar, an gan ta a matsayin Stella Gigante a cikin jerin wasan kwaikwayo na laifi ''Godfather na Harlem'', wanda aka fara a watan Satumba na 2019 akan Epix . <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 September 2019 |title=Interview with Godfather of Harlem's Lucy Fry |url=https://www.lofficielusa.com/film-tv/lucy-fry-editorial-interview-2019 |access-date=19 February 2020 |publisher=L'Officiel USA}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Petski |first=Denise |date=7 December 2022 |title='Godfather of Harlem' Season 3 Cast Includes Yul Vázquez |url=https://deadline.com/2022/12/godfather-of-harlem-season-3-cast-yul-vazquez-1235192351/ |access-date=13 December 2022 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> A cikin watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2020, an ba da sanarwar cewa za ta yi tauraro a cikin fim ɗin ''Night Teeth'' [[Netflix|na Netflix]] mai ban sha'awa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr |date=3 February 2020 |title=Netflix Sets Jorge Lendeborg Jr For Lead In 'Night Teeth'; Debby Ryan, Lucy Fry, Alfie Allen & Raúl Castillo Bring The Terror |url=https://deadline.com/2020/02/netflix-night-teeth-jorge-lendeborg-jr-debby-ryan-lucy-fry-alfie-allen-1202850158/ |access-date=19 February 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> == Filmography == === Fim === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! class="unsortable" | Bayanan kula |- | 2014 | ''Vampire Academy'' | Lissa Dragomir | |- | rowspan="2" | 2015 | ''Yanzu ƙara zuma'' | Honey Halloway | |- | ''Haɗin Preppie'' | Alex Hayes | |- | rowspan="2" | 2016 | ''Mista Church'' | Poppy | Asalin suna ''Henry Joseph Church'' |- | ''Duhu'' | Stephanie Taylor asalin | Asalin suna ''6 Miranda Drive'' |- | 2017 | ''Mai haske'' | Tikka | Fim mai gudana kai tsaye <ref name="Bright"/> |- | 2019 | ''Ta Bace'' | Heidi | |- | 2021 | ''Hakora Dare'' | Zoe | Fim mai gudana kai tsaye <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr. |date=3 February 2020 |title=Netflix Sets Jorge Lendeborg Jr For Lead In 'Night Teeth;' Debby Ryan, Lucy Fry & Alfie Allen Bring The Terror |url=https://deadline.com/2020/02/netflix-night-teeth-jorge-lendeborg-jr-debby-ryan-lucy-fry-alfie-allen-1202850158/ |access-date=3 February 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> |- | 2022 | ''Kallon Karshe'' | Jayne White | Asalin mai suna ''Waldo'' <ref name="Last Looks"/> |} === Talabijin === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! class="unsortable" | Bayanan kula |- | 2010 | ''H <nowiki><sub id="mwARQ">2</sub></nowiki> O: Kawai Ƙara Ruwa'' | dalibi a Graduation | Episode: "Graduation"; wanda ba a yarda da shi ba <ref name="net10">{{Cite web |title=Mako Mermaids – Lucy Fry |url=http://ten.com.au/tvshows/mako-8304.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130909231930/http://ten.com.au/tvshows/mako-8304.htm |archive-date=9 September 2013 |access-date=9 August 2013}}</ref> |- | 2012 | ''Wurin Walƙiya'' | Zoey | Babban rawa |- | rowspan="2" | 2013 | ''Likitocin Reef'' | Josie | Episode: "Kashi Na Biyar" |- | ''Mako: Tsibirin Asirin'' | Lyla | Babban rawar (lokaci na 1) |- | rowspan="2" | 2016 | ''11.22.63'' | Marina Oswald | Babban rawa |- | ''Wolf Creek'' | Hauwa Thorogood | Matsayin jagora<br /><br /><br /><br /> Kyautar Fangoria Chainsaw don Kyautar Jarumar TV (2017) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Never mind Oscar, here's the 2017 Fangoria Chainsaw Awards Nominees Ballot! |url=http://www.fangoria.com/new/never-mind-oscar-heres-the-2017-fangoria-chainsaw-awards-nominees-ballot/ |access-date=14 February 2017 |website=Fangoria® |archive-date=6 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806233824/http://fangoria.com/new/never-mind-oscar-heres-the-2017-fangoria-chainsaw-awards-nominees-ballot/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | 2019 - yanzu | ''Sunan mahaifi Harlem'' | Stella Gigante | Babban rawa |} === Bidiyon kiɗa === * Thirsty Merc (2010) na Tommy da Krista <ref name="net10"/> == Gidan wasan kwaikwayo == {| class="wikitable sortable" ! scope="col" |Shekara ! scope="col" | Aiki ! scope="col" | Matsayi |- | rowspan="3" | 2007 | ''Labarin Ruwa'' | Tsohon Mariner |- | ''Wasan Maze mai ban mamaki na Mr A'' | Suzie |- | ''Dole ne Nunin ya Ci gaba'' | Tsana |- | rowspan="4" | 2008 | ''Mafarkin Daren Tsakar Rani'' | Wannan be |- | ''Hotunan Wasa'' | Mai yin Roving |- | ''Tafiya mara ganuwa'' | Lucy |- | ''Ramalama'' | Mai Yin Jiki |- | rowspan="3" | 2009 | ''bakin teku'' | Serena |- | ''Ƙarni masu ƙirƙira'' | Kifin zaki |- | ''Sarki Oedipus'' | Manzo |- | 2010 | ''Jakar Bace'' | Mai yin Roving |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1992]] 6my7rzt6v3jdppgwvg3krmgjh1hrgh6 826628 826626 2026-04-26T10:24:56Z Pharouqenr 25549 826628 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Lucy Elizabeth Fry''' (an haife ta ne acikin watan 13 Maris din shekara ta 1992<ref> name="Hollywood.com">{{Cite web |title=Lucy Fry |url=http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806141607/http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |archive-date=2017-08-06 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=Hollywood.com}}</ref> ) yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta [[Austriya|Australiya]]. An san ta don nuna Zoey a cikin ''Hasken walƙiya'', Lyla a ''Mako: Tsibirin Asirin'', da Lissa Dragomir a cikin fim din ''Vampire Academy.'' An kuma jefa Fry a cikin miniseries na kashi takwas na Hulu ''11.22.63'' a matsayin Marina Oswald, matar Lee Harvey Oswald,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Goldberg |first=Lesley |date=7 April 2015 |title=Chris Cooper, Cherry Jones Set to Co-Star in Hulu's James Franco Starrer '11/22/63' |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/chris-cooper-cherry-jones-set-786740 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |quote=Lucy Fry (Vampire Academy) is Marina Oswald, Lee Harvey Oswald's Russian wife.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bryant |first=Jacob |date=19 November 2015 |title=Watch: James Franco Stars in Hulu's '11.22.63' |url=https://variety.com/2015/digital/news/video-james-franco-11-22-63-stephen-king-jj-abrams-hulu-1201644710/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]}}</ref> kuma ta taka rawa a cikin jerin talabijin na tsoro na Australiya na cikin shekara ta 2016 ''Wolf Creek'' da Tikka a cikin fim din [[Netflix]] na cikin shekara ta 2017 ''Bright.'' Tun daga cikin shekara ta 2019, ta nuna Stella Gigante a cikin jerin Epix ''Godfather na Harlem''. == Rayuwar farko == [[Fayil:Lucy Fry 2014.jpg|thumb|Lucy Fry]] An haifi Fry a Wooloowin, Queensland, [[Asturaliya|Ostiraliya]] a cikin shekara ta 1992.<ref name="Hollywood.com">{{Cite web |title=Lucy Fry |url=http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806141607/http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |archive-date=2017-08-06 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=Hollywood.com}}</ref> Ta halarci Makarantar Grammar Girls na [[Brisbane]] a Brisbane, Queensland,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Barrett |first=Glenn |year=2021 |title=BRISBANE GIRLS GRAMMAR SCHOOL ENROLMENTS INFORMATION [At a glance] |url=https://www.readkong.com/page/brisbane-girls-grammar-school-enrolments-information-8268975 |access-date=19 January 2025 |website=Brisbane Girls Grammar School |page=3 |via=ReadKong}}</ref> kuma ta fara karatun wasan kwaikwayo tun tana ƙarami, horo tare da kamfanin wasan kwaikwayo na jiki na tushen Brisbane, Zen Zen Zo. A cikin shekara ta 2007, ta kasance ta zo ta biyu a cikin Binciken Model na Mujallar budurwa. == Sana'a == Ta yi bayyanar da ba a yarda da ita ba a wasan karshe na kakar 3 na H 2 O: Just Add Water, a cikin shekara ta 2010. Babban aikinta na farko a talabijin shine Zoey a cikin Hasken walƙiya. Daga nan sai ta ci gaba da yin wasa Lyla, ɗaya daga cikin manyan ayyuka na mermaid, a cikin kakar 1 na Mako: Island of Secrets, a spin-off of H 2 O: Just Add Water . A cikin shekara ta 2014, ta sami babban matsayinta na farko na allo, kamar yadda Lissa Dragomir a ''Kwalejin Vampire''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Trumbore |first=Dave |date=1 February 2013 |title=Vampire Academy: Blood Sisters to Star Zoey Deutch and Lucy Fry with Mark Waters Directing |url=https://collider.com/zoey-deutch-lucy-fry-vampire-academy-blood-sisters/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Collider (website)|Collider]]}}</ref> da kuma azaman zuma a ''Yanzu Ƙara zuma.''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=Neala |date=4 August 2013 |title=Portia de Rossi, Hamish Blake – and maybe Ellen – bring a little Honey to Australian movie shoot |url=http://www.news.com.au/entertainment/movies/portia-de-rossi-hamish-blake-8212-and-maybe-ellen-8212-bring-a-little-honey-to-australian-movie-shoot/story-e6frfmvr-1226690727027 |access-date=23 April 2016 |publisher=[[News.com.au]]}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2015, Fry ya haɗu a cikin ''Haɗin Preppie'' gabanin Thomas Mann, yana wasa da rawar Alex.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Harvey |first=Dennis |date=4 November 2015 |title=Film Review: 'The Preppie Connection' |url=https://variety.com/2015/film/reviews/the-preppie-connection-review-1201623869/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |quote=Much as he resents their snobbery, however, Toby can't help being attracted by the social magnetism of the school's leading "preppies," particularly brash ringleader Ellis (Logan Huffman) and his beautiful g.f. Alex (Lucy Fry), representing the moneyed elite of Manhattan and North Carolina, respectively.}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2016, ta fito a cikin fina-finan ''Mista Church'', tare da Eddie Murphy da Britt Robertson,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Scheck |first=Frank |date=22 April 2016 |title='Mr. Church': Tribeca Review |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/mr-church-tribeca-review-887130 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> da kuma ''The Darkness'', tare da Kevin Bacon . Acikin wannan shekarar, ta taka rawar jagora Eve Thorogood a cikin miniseries na Australiya ''Wolf Creek.''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Newsome |first=Brad |date=12 May 2016 |title=Review: Wolf Creek the TV series emerges as an engrossing new chapter in the cult thriller's story |url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/tv-and-radio/review-wolf-creek-the-tv-series-emerges-as-an-engrossing-new-chapter-in-the-cult-thrillers-story-20160512-gotllw.html |access-date=27 July 2016 |website=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]}}</ref> Ta kuma yi tauraro a cikin ''11.22.63'' tana wasa Marina, matar Lee Harvey Oswald.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pedersen |first=Erik |date=7 April 2015 |title=Chris Cooper & Others Join Hulu's '11/22/63' Cast; Director Set |url=https://deadline.com/2015/04/chris-cooper-11-22-63-hulu-kevin-macdonald-james-franco-1201405877/ |access-date=26 May 2020 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> A cikin watan Oktoban shekara ta 2016, an jefa Fry a matsayin Tikka, wani matashin elf wanda ya mallaki iko akan sihirin sihiri, a cikin fim ɗin fantasy na cikin shekara ta 2017 ''Bright'' wanda taurari Will Smith da Joel Edgerton.<ref name="Bright">{{Cite web |last=Kit |first=Borys |date=11 October 2016 |title=David Ayer's 'Bright' Lands 'Mr. Church' Actress Lucy Fry (Exclusive) |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/david-ayers-bright-lands-lucy-937362 |access-date=2 February 2017 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> A cikin watan Yulin shekara ta 2017, an jefa Fry don tauraro a matsayin Heidi a cikin fim ɗin ''Ta Bace'' tare da Eiza González.<ref name="Highway">{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr |date=12 July 2017 |title=David Ayer's 'Bright' Lands 'Mr. Church' Actress Lucy Fry (Exclusive) |url=https://deadline.com/2017/07/lucy-fry-eiza-gonzalez-josh-hartnett-blake-berris-highway-alexandra-mcguinness-1202127269/ |access-date=21 July 2017 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref><ref name="missing">{{Cite web |date=5 February 2019 |title=''She's Missing'': Alexandra McGuinness on her new movie |url=https://www.rte.ie/culture/2019/0204/1027423-shes-missing-alexandra-mcguinness-on-her-new-movie/ |access-date=22 February 2019 |publisher=Raidió Teilifís Éireann}}</ref> [[Fayil:Lucy Fry (35335289093).jpg|thumb|Lucy Fry]] A cikin Yuli 2019, ta shiga cikin simintin ''gyare-gyare na Ƙarshe'', ɗan wasan Ba'amurke da Biritaniya na Tim Kirkby, wanda ya dogara da wani labari ''na Ƙarshe'' na Howard Michael Gould.<ref name="Last Looks">{{Cite web |last=N'Duka |first=Amanda |date=15 July 2019 |title='Bright' Actress Lucy Fry Cast in Action Thriller 'Waldo' |url=https://deadline.com/2019/07/lucy-fry-mel-gibson-charlie-hunnam-waldo-1202646657/ |access-date=5 March 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ritman |first=Alex |date=30 June 2020 |title=Mel Gibson Has Busy Film Slate Despite Renewed Anti-Semitism Claim |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/mel-gibson-has-busy-film-slate-renewed-anti-semitism-claim-1300903 |access-date=30 June 2020 |website=The Hollywood Reporter}}</ref> A cikin wannan shekarar, an gan ta a matsayin Stella Gigante a cikin jerin wasan kwaikwayo na laifi ''Godfather na Harlem'', wanda aka fara a watan Satumba na 2019 akan Epix . <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 September 2019 |title=Interview with Godfather of Harlem's Lucy Fry |url=https://www.lofficielusa.com/film-tv/lucy-fry-editorial-interview-2019 |access-date=19 February 2020 |publisher=L'Officiel USA}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Petski |first=Denise |date=7 December 2022 |title='Godfather of Harlem' Season 3 Cast Includes Yul Vázquez |url=https://deadline.com/2022/12/godfather-of-harlem-season-3-cast-yul-vazquez-1235192351/ |access-date=13 December 2022 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> A cikin watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2020, an ba da sanarwar cewa za ta yi tauraro a cikin fim ɗin ''Night Teeth'' [[Netflix|na Netflix]] mai ban sha'awa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr |date=3 February 2020 |title=Netflix Sets Jorge Lendeborg Jr For Lead In 'Night Teeth'; Debby Ryan, Lucy Fry, Alfie Allen & Raúl Castillo Bring The Terror |url=https://deadline.com/2020/02/netflix-night-teeth-jorge-lendeborg-jr-debby-ryan-lucy-fry-alfie-allen-1202850158/ |access-date=19 February 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> == Filmography == === Fim === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! class="unsortable" | Bayanan kula |- | 2014 | ''Vampire Academy'' | Lissa Dragomir | |- | rowspan="2" | 2015 | ''Yanzu ƙara zuma'' | Honey Halloway | |- | ''Haɗin Preppie'' | Alex Hayes | |- | rowspan="2" | 2016 | ''Mista Church'' | Poppy | Asalin suna ''Henry Joseph Church'' |- | ''Duhu'' | Stephanie Taylor asalin | Asalin suna ''6 Miranda Drive'' |- | 2017 | ''Mai haske'' | Tikka | Fim mai gudana kai tsaye <ref name="Bright"/> |- | 2019 | ''Ta Bace'' | Heidi | |- | 2021 | ''Hakora Dare'' | Zoe | Fim mai gudana kai tsaye <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr. |date=3 February 2020 |title=Netflix Sets Jorge Lendeborg Jr For Lead In 'Night Teeth;' Debby Ryan, Lucy Fry & Alfie Allen Bring The Terror |url=https://deadline.com/2020/02/netflix-night-teeth-jorge-lendeborg-jr-debby-ryan-lucy-fry-alfie-allen-1202850158/ |access-date=3 February 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> |- | 2022 | ''Kallon Karshe'' | Jayne White | Asalin mai suna ''Waldo'' <ref name="Last Looks"/> |} === Talabijin === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! class="unsortable" | Bayanan kula |- | 2010 | ''H <nowiki><sub id="mwARQ">2</sub></nowiki> O: Kawai Ƙara Ruwa'' | dalibi a Graduation | Episode: "Graduation"; wanda ba a yarda da shi ba <ref name="net10">{{Cite web |title=Mako Mermaids – Lucy Fry |url=http://ten.com.au/tvshows/mako-8304.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130909231930/http://ten.com.au/tvshows/mako-8304.htm |archive-date=9 September 2013 |access-date=9 August 2013}}</ref> |- | 2012 | ''Wurin Walƙiya'' | Zoey | Babban rawa |- | rowspan="2" | 2013 | ''Likitocin Reef'' | Josie | Episode: "Kashi Na Biyar" |- | ''Mako: Tsibirin Asirin'' | Lyla | Babban rawar (lokaci na 1) |- | rowspan="2" | 2016 | ''11.22.63'' | Marina Oswald | Babban rawa |- | ''Wolf Creek'' | Hauwa Thorogood | Matsayin jagora<br /><br /><br /><br /> Kyautar Fangoria Chainsaw don Kyautar Jarumar TV (2017) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Never mind Oscar, here's the 2017 Fangoria Chainsaw Awards Nominees Ballot! |url=http://www.fangoria.com/new/never-mind-oscar-heres-the-2017-fangoria-chainsaw-awards-nominees-ballot/ |access-date=14 February 2017 |website=Fangoria® |archive-date=6 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806233824/http://fangoria.com/new/never-mind-oscar-heres-the-2017-fangoria-chainsaw-awards-nominees-ballot/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | 2019 - yanzu | ''Sunan mahaifi Harlem'' | Stella Gigante | Babban rawa |} === Bidiyon kiɗa === * Thirsty Merc (2010) na Tommy da Krista <ref name="net10"/> == Gidan wasan kwaikwayo == {| class="wikitable sortable" ! scope="col" |Shekara ! scope="col" | Aiki ! scope="col" | Matsayi |- | rowspan="3" | 2007 | ''Labarin Ruwa'' | Tsohon Mariner |- | ''Wasan Maze mai ban mamaki na Mr A'' | Suzie |- | ''Dole ne Nunin ya Ci gaba'' | Tsana |- | rowspan="4" | 2008 | ''Mafarkin Daren Tsakar Rani'' | Wannan be |- | ''Hotunan Wasa'' | Mai yin Roving |- | ''Tafiya mara ganuwa'' | Lucy |- | ''Ramalama'' | Mai Yin Jiki |- | rowspan="3" | 2009 | ''bakin teku'' | Serena |- | ''Ƙarni masu ƙirƙira'' | Kifin zaki |- | ''Sarki Oedipus'' | Manzo |- | 2010 | ''Jakar Bace'' | Mai yin Roving |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1992]] 2ve9krakbzs77q9i5glaq6q7fnh7of7 826629 826628 2026-04-26T10:25:16Z Pharouqenr 25549 826629 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Lucy Elizabeth Fry''' (an haife ta ne acikin watan 13 Maris din shekara ta 1992<ref> name="Hollywood.com">{{Cite web |title=Lucy Fry |url=http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806141607/http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |archive-date=2017-08-06 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=Hollywood.com}}</ref> ) yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta [[Austriya|Australiya]]. An san ta don nuna Zoey a cikin ''Hasken walƙiya'', Lyla a ''Mako: Tsibirin Asirin'', da Lissa Dragomir a cikin fim din ''Vampire Academy.'' An kuma jefa Fry a cikin miniseries na kashi takwas na Hulu ''11.22.63'' a matsayin Marina Oswald, matar Lee Harvey Oswald,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Goldberg |first=Lesley |date=7 April 2015 |title=Chris Cooper, Cherry Jones Set to Co-Star in Hulu's James Franco Starrer '11/22/63' |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/chris-cooper-cherry-jones-set-786740 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |quote=Lucy Fry (Vampire Academy) is Marina Oswald, Lee Harvey Oswald's Russian wife.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bryant |first=Jacob |date=19 November 2015 |title=Watch: James Franco Stars in Hulu's '11.22.63' |url=https://variety.com/2015/digital/news/video-james-franco-11-22-63-stephen-king-jj-abrams-hulu-1201644710/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]}}</ref> kuma ta taka rawa a cikin jerin talabijin na tsoro na Australiya na cikin shekara ta 2016 ''Wolf Creek'' da Tikka a cikin fim din [[Netflix]] na cikin shekara ta 2017 ''Bright.'' Tun daga cikin shekara ta 2019, ta nuna Stella Gigante a cikin jerin Epix ''Godfather na Harlem''. == Rayuwar farko == [[Fayil:Lucy Fry 2014.jpg|thumb|Lucy Fry]] An haifi Fry a Wooloowin, Queensland, [[Asturaliya|Ostiraliya]] a cikin shekara ta 1992.<ref name="Hollywood.com">{{Cite web |title=Lucy Fry |url=http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806141607/http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |archive-date=2017-08-06 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=Hollywood.com}}</ref> Ta halarci Makarantar Grammar Girls na [[Brisbane]] a Brisbane, Queensland,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Barrett |first=Glenn |year=2021 |title=BRISBANE GIRLS GRAMMAR SCHOOL ENROLMENTS INFORMATION [At a glance] |url=https://www.readkong.com/page/brisbane-girls-grammar-school-enrolments-information-8268975 |access-date=19 January 2025 |website=Brisbane Girls Grammar School |page=3 |via=ReadKong}}</ref> kuma ta fara karatun wasan kwaikwayo tun tana ƙarami, horo tare da kamfanin wasan kwaikwayo na jiki na tushen Brisbane, Zen Zen Zo. A cikin shekara ta 2007, ta kasance ta zo ta biyu a cikin Binciken Model na Mujallar budurwa. == Sana'a == Ta yi bayyanar da ba a yarda da ita ba a wasan karshe na kakar 3 na H 2 O: Just Add Water, a cikin shekara ta 2010. Babban aikinta na farko a talabijin shine Zoey a cikin Hasken walƙiya. Daga nan sai ta ci gaba da yin wasa Lyla, ɗaya daga cikin manyan ayyuka na mermaid, a cikin kakar 1 na Mako: Island of Secrets, a spin-off of H 2 O: Just Add Water . A cikin shekara ta 2014, ta sami babban matsayinta na farko na allo, kamar yadda Lissa Dragomir a ''Kwalejin Vampire''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Trumbore |first=Dave |date=1 February 2013 |title=Vampire Academy: Blood Sisters to Star Zoey Deutch and Lucy Fry with Mark Waters Directing |url=https://collider.com/zoey-deutch-lucy-fry-vampire-academy-blood-sisters/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Collider (website)|Collider]]}}</ref> da kuma azaman zuma a ''Yanzu Ƙara zuma.''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=Neala |date=4 August 2013 |title=Portia de Rossi, Hamish Blake – and maybe Ellen – bring a little Honey to Australian movie shoot |url=http://www.news.com.au/entertainment/movies/portia-de-rossi-hamish-blake-8212-and-maybe-ellen-8212-bring-a-little-honey-to-australian-movie-shoot/story-e6frfmvr-1226690727027 |access-date=23 April 2016 |publisher=[[News.com.au]]}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2015, Fry ya haɗu a cikin ''Haɗin Preppie'' gabanin Thomas Mann, yana wasa da rawar Alex.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Harvey |first=Dennis |date=4 November 2015 |title=Film Review: 'The Preppie Connection' |url=https://variety.com/2015/film/reviews/the-preppie-connection-review-1201623869/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |quote=Much as he resents their snobbery, however, Toby can't help being attracted by the social magnetism of the school's leading "preppies," particularly brash ringleader Ellis (Logan Huffman) and his beautiful g.f. Alex (Lucy Fry), representing the moneyed elite of Manhattan and North Carolina, respectively.}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2016, ta fito a cikin fina-finan ''Mista Church'', tare da Eddie Murphy da Britt Robertson,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Scheck |first=Frank |date=22 April 2016 |title='Mr. Church': Tribeca Review |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/mr-church-tribeca-review-887130 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> da kuma ''The Darkness'', tare da Kevin Bacon . Acikin wannan shekarar, ta taka rawar jagora Eve Thorogood a cikin miniseries na Australiya ''Wolf Creek.''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Newsome |first=Brad |date=12 May 2016 |title=Review: Wolf Creek the TV series emerges as an engrossing new chapter in the cult thriller's story |url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/tv-and-radio/review-wolf-creek-the-tv-series-emerges-as-an-engrossing-new-chapter-in-the-cult-thrillers-story-20160512-gotllw.html |access-date=27 July 2016 |website=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]}}</ref> Ta kuma yi tauraro a cikin ''11.22.63'' tana wasa Marina, matar Lee Harvey Oswald.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pedersen |first=Erik |date=7 April 2015 |title=Chris Cooper & Others Join Hulu's '11/22/63' Cast; Director Set |url=https://deadline.com/2015/04/chris-cooper-11-22-63-hulu-kevin-macdonald-james-franco-1201405877/ |access-date=26 May 2020 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> A cikin watan Oktoban shekara ta 2016, an jefa Fry a matsayin Tikka, wani matashin elf wanda ya mallaki iko akan sihirin sihiri, a cikin fim ɗin fantasy na cikin shekara ta 2017 ''Bright'' wanda taurari Will Smith da Joel Edgerton.<ref name="Bright">{{Cite web |last=Kit |first=Borys |date=11 October 2016 |title=David Ayer's 'Bright' Lands 'Mr. Church' Actress Lucy Fry (Exclusive) |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/david-ayers-bright-lands-lucy-937362 |access-date=2 February 2017 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> A cikin watan Yulin shekara ta 2017, an jefa Fry don tauraro a matsayin Heidi a cikin fim ɗin ''Ta Bace'' tare da Eiza González.<ref name="Highway">{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr |date=12 July 2017 |title=David Ayer's 'Bright' Lands 'Mr. Church' Actress Lucy Fry (Exclusive) |url=https://deadline.com/2017/07/lucy-fry-eiza-gonzalez-josh-hartnett-blake-berris-highway-alexandra-mcguinness-1202127269/ |access-date=21 July 2017 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref><ref name="missing">{{Cite web |date=5 February 2019 |title=''She's Missing'': Alexandra McGuinness on her new movie |url=https://www.rte.ie/culture/2019/0204/1027423-shes-missing-alexandra-mcguinness-on-her-new-movie/ |access-date=22 February 2019 |publisher=Raidió Teilifís Éireann}}</ref> [[Fayil:Lucy Fry (35335289093).jpg|thumb|Lucy Fry]] A cikin Yuli 2019, ta shiga cikin simintin ''gyare-gyare na Ƙarshe'', ɗan wasan Ba'amurke da Biritaniya na Tim Kirkby, wanda ya dogara da wani labari ''na Ƙarshe'' na Howard Michael Gould.<ref name="Last Looks">{{Cite web |last=N'Duka |first=Amanda |date=15 July 2019 |title='Bright' Actress Lucy Fry Cast in Action Thriller 'Waldo' |url=https://deadline.com/2019/07/lucy-fry-mel-gibson-charlie-hunnam-waldo-1202646657/ |access-date=5 March 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ritman |first=Alex |date=30 June 2020 |title=Mel Gibson Has Busy Film Slate Despite Renewed Anti-Semitism Claim |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/mel-gibson-has-busy-film-slate-renewed-anti-semitism-claim-1300903 |access-date=30 June 2020 |website=The Hollywood Reporter}}</ref> A cikin wannan shekarar, an gan ta a matsayin Stella Gigante a cikin jerin wasan kwaikwayo na laifi ''Godfather na Harlem'', wanda aka fara a watan Satumba na 2019 akan Epix.<ref>{{Cite web |date=26 September 2019 |title=Interview with Godfather of Harlem's Lucy Fry |url=https://www.lofficielusa.com/film-tv/lucy-fry-editorial-interview-2019 |access-date=19 February 2020 |publisher=L'Officiel USA}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Petski |first=Denise |date=7 December 2022 |title='Godfather of Harlem' Season 3 Cast Includes Yul Vázquez |url=https://deadline.com/2022/12/godfather-of-harlem-season-3-cast-yul-vazquez-1235192351/ |access-date=13 December 2022 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> A cikin watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2020, an ba da sanarwar cewa za ta yi tauraro a cikin fim ɗin ''Night Teeth'' [[Netflix|na Netflix]] mai ban sha'awa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr |date=3 February 2020 |title=Netflix Sets Jorge Lendeborg Jr For Lead In 'Night Teeth'; Debby Ryan, Lucy Fry, Alfie Allen & Raúl Castillo Bring The Terror |url=https://deadline.com/2020/02/netflix-night-teeth-jorge-lendeborg-jr-debby-ryan-lucy-fry-alfie-allen-1202850158/ |access-date=19 February 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> == Filmography == === Fim === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! class="unsortable" | Bayanan kula |- | 2014 | ''Vampire Academy'' | Lissa Dragomir | |- | rowspan="2" | 2015 | ''Yanzu ƙara zuma'' | Honey Halloway | |- | ''Haɗin Preppie'' | Alex Hayes | |- | rowspan="2" | 2016 | ''Mista Church'' | Poppy | Asalin suna ''Henry Joseph Church'' |- | ''Duhu'' | Stephanie Taylor asalin | Asalin suna ''6 Miranda Drive'' |- | 2017 | ''Mai haske'' | Tikka | Fim mai gudana kai tsaye <ref name="Bright"/> |- | 2019 | ''Ta Bace'' | Heidi | |- | 2021 | ''Hakora Dare'' | Zoe | Fim mai gudana kai tsaye <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr. |date=3 February 2020 |title=Netflix Sets Jorge Lendeborg Jr For Lead In 'Night Teeth;' Debby Ryan, Lucy Fry & Alfie Allen Bring The Terror |url=https://deadline.com/2020/02/netflix-night-teeth-jorge-lendeborg-jr-debby-ryan-lucy-fry-alfie-allen-1202850158/ |access-date=3 February 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> |- | 2022 | ''Kallon Karshe'' | Jayne White | Asalin mai suna ''Waldo'' <ref name="Last Looks"/> |} === Talabijin === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! class="unsortable" | Bayanan kula |- | 2010 | ''H <nowiki><sub id="mwARQ">2</sub></nowiki> O: Kawai Ƙara Ruwa'' | dalibi a Graduation | Episode: "Graduation"; wanda ba a yarda da shi ba <ref name="net10">{{Cite web |title=Mako Mermaids – Lucy Fry |url=http://ten.com.au/tvshows/mako-8304.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130909231930/http://ten.com.au/tvshows/mako-8304.htm |archive-date=9 September 2013 |access-date=9 August 2013}}</ref> |- | 2012 | ''Wurin Walƙiya'' | Zoey | Babban rawa |- | rowspan="2" | 2013 | ''Likitocin Reef'' | Josie | Episode: "Kashi Na Biyar" |- | ''Mako: Tsibirin Asirin'' | Lyla | Babban rawar (lokaci na 1) |- | rowspan="2" | 2016 | ''11.22.63'' | Marina Oswald | Babban rawa |- | ''Wolf Creek'' | Hauwa Thorogood | Matsayin jagora<br /><br /><br /><br /> Kyautar Fangoria Chainsaw don Kyautar Jarumar TV (2017) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Never mind Oscar, here's the 2017 Fangoria Chainsaw Awards Nominees Ballot! |url=http://www.fangoria.com/new/never-mind-oscar-heres-the-2017-fangoria-chainsaw-awards-nominees-ballot/ |access-date=14 February 2017 |website=Fangoria® |archive-date=6 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806233824/http://fangoria.com/new/never-mind-oscar-heres-the-2017-fangoria-chainsaw-awards-nominees-ballot/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | 2019 - yanzu | ''Sunan mahaifi Harlem'' | Stella Gigante | Babban rawa |} === Bidiyon kiɗa === * Thirsty Merc (2010) na Tommy da Krista <ref name="net10"/> == Gidan wasan kwaikwayo == {| class="wikitable sortable" ! scope="col" |Shekara ! scope="col" | Aiki ! scope="col" | Matsayi |- | rowspan="3" | 2007 | ''Labarin Ruwa'' | Tsohon Mariner |- | ''Wasan Maze mai ban mamaki na Mr A'' | Suzie |- | ''Dole ne Nunin ya Ci gaba'' | Tsana |- | rowspan="4" | 2008 | ''Mafarkin Daren Tsakar Rani'' | Wannan be |- | ''Hotunan Wasa'' | Mai yin Roving |- | ''Tafiya mara ganuwa'' | Lucy |- | ''Ramalama'' | Mai Yin Jiki |- | rowspan="3" | 2009 | ''bakin teku'' | Serena |- | ''Ƙarni masu ƙirƙira'' | Kifin zaki |- | ''Sarki Oedipus'' | Manzo |- | 2010 | ''Jakar Bace'' | Mai yin Roving |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1992]] ikyr0az7eg5g3j35gwrs9n800nlv00s 826630 826629 2026-04-26T10:25:36Z Pharouqenr 25549 826630 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Lucy Elizabeth Fry''' (an haife ta ne acikin watan 13 Maris din shekara ta 1992<ref> name="Hollywood.com">{{Cite web |title=Lucy Fry |url=http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806141607/http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |archive-date=2017-08-06 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=Hollywood.com}}</ref> ) yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta [[Austriya|Australiya]]. An san ta don nuna Zoey a cikin ''Hasken walƙiya'', Lyla a ''Mako: Tsibirin Asirin'', da Lissa Dragomir a cikin fim din ''Vampire Academy.'' An kuma jefa Fry a cikin miniseries na kashi takwas na Hulu ''11.22.63'' a matsayin Marina Oswald, matar Lee Harvey Oswald,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Goldberg |first=Lesley |date=7 April 2015 |title=Chris Cooper, Cherry Jones Set to Co-Star in Hulu's James Franco Starrer '11/22/63' |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/chris-cooper-cherry-jones-set-786740 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |quote=Lucy Fry (Vampire Academy) is Marina Oswald, Lee Harvey Oswald's Russian wife.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bryant |first=Jacob |date=19 November 2015 |title=Watch: James Franco Stars in Hulu's '11.22.63' |url=https://variety.com/2015/digital/news/video-james-franco-11-22-63-stephen-king-jj-abrams-hulu-1201644710/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]}}</ref> kuma ta taka rawa a cikin jerin talabijin na tsoro na Australiya na cikin shekara ta 2016 ''Wolf Creek'' da Tikka a cikin fim din [[Netflix]] na cikin shekara ta 2017 ''Bright.'' Tun daga cikin shekara ta 2019, ta nuna Stella Gigante a cikin jerin Epix ''Godfather na Harlem''. == Rayuwar farko == [[Fayil:Lucy Fry 2014.jpg|thumb|Lucy Fry]] An haifi Fry a Wooloowin, Queensland, [[Asturaliya|Ostiraliya]] a cikin shekara ta 1992.<ref name="Hollywood.com">{{Cite web |title=Lucy Fry |url=http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806141607/http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |archive-date=2017-08-06 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=Hollywood.com}}</ref> Ta halarci Makarantar Grammar Girls na [[Brisbane]] a Brisbane, Queensland,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Barrett |first=Glenn |year=2021 |title=BRISBANE GIRLS GRAMMAR SCHOOL ENROLMENTS INFORMATION [At a glance] |url=https://www.readkong.com/page/brisbane-girls-grammar-school-enrolments-information-8268975 |access-date=19 January 2025 |website=Brisbane Girls Grammar School |page=3 |via=ReadKong}}</ref> kuma ta fara karatun wasan kwaikwayo tun tana ƙarami, horo tare da kamfanin wasan kwaikwayo na jiki na tushen Brisbane, Zen Zen Zo. A cikin shekara ta 2007, ta kasance ta zo ta biyu a cikin Binciken Model na Mujallar budurwa. == Sana'a == Ta yi bayyanar da ba a yarda da ita ba a wasan karshe na kakar 3 na H 2 O: Just Add Water, a cikin shekara ta 2010. Babban aikinta na farko a talabijin shine Zoey a cikin Hasken walƙiya. Daga nan sai ta ci gaba da yin wasa Lyla, ɗaya daga cikin manyan ayyuka na mermaid, a cikin kakar 1 na Mako: Island of Secrets, a spin-off of H 2 O: Just Add Water . A cikin shekara ta 2014, ta sami babban matsayinta na farko na allo, kamar yadda Lissa Dragomir a ''Kwalejin Vampire''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Trumbore |first=Dave |date=1 February 2013 |title=Vampire Academy: Blood Sisters to Star Zoey Deutch and Lucy Fry with Mark Waters Directing |url=https://collider.com/zoey-deutch-lucy-fry-vampire-academy-blood-sisters/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Collider (website)|Collider]]}}</ref> da kuma azaman zuma a ''Yanzu Ƙara zuma.''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=Neala |date=4 August 2013 |title=Portia de Rossi, Hamish Blake – and maybe Ellen – bring a little Honey to Australian movie shoot |url=http://www.news.com.au/entertainment/movies/portia-de-rossi-hamish-blake-8212-and-maybe-ellen-8212-bring-a-little-honey-to-australian-movie-shoot/story-e6frfmvr-1226690727027 |access-date=23 April 2016 |publisher=[[News.com.au]]}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2015, Fry ya haɗu a cikin ''Haɗin Preppie'' gabanin Thomas Mann, yana wasa da rawar Alex.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Harvey |first=Dennis |date=4 November 2015 |title=Film Review: 'The Preppie Connection' |url=https://variety.com/2015/film/reviews/the-preppie-connection-review-1201623869/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |quote=Much as he resents their snobbery, however, Toby can't help being attracted by the social magnetism of the school's leading "preppies," particularly brash ringleader Ellis (Logan Huffman) and his beautiful g.f. Alex (Lucy Fry), representing the moneyed elite of Manhattan and North Carolina, respectively.}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2016, ta fito a cikin fina-finan ''Mista Church'', tare da Eddie Murphy da Britt Robertson,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Scheck |first=Frank |date=22 April 2016 |title='Mr. Church': Tribeca Review |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/mr-church-tribeca-review-887130 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> da kuma ''The Darkness'', tare da Kevin Bacon . Acikin wannan shekarar, ta taka rawar jagora Eve Thorogood a cikin miniseries na Australiya ''Wolf Creek.''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Newsome |first=Brad |date=12 May 2016 |title=Review: Wolf Creek the TV series emerges as an engrossing new chapter in the cult thriller's story |url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/tv-and-radio/review-wolf-creek-the-tv-series-emerges-as-an-engrossing-new-chapter-in-the-cult-thrillers-story-20160512-gotllw.html |access-date=27 July 2016 |website=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]}}</ref> Ta kuma yi tauraro a cikin ''11.22.63'' tana wasa Marina, matar Lee Harvey Oswald.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pedersen |first=Erik |date=7 April 2015 |title=Chris Cooper & Others Join Hulu's '11/22/63' Cast; Director Set |url=https://deadline.com/2015/04/chris-cooper-11-22-63-hulu-kevin-macdonald-james-franco-1201405877/ |access-date=26 May 2020 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> A cikin watan Oktoban shekara ta 2016, an jefa Fry a matsayin Tikka, wani matashin elf wanda ya mallaki iko akan sihirin sihiri, a cikin fim ɗin fantasy na cikin shekara ta 2017 ''Bright'' wanda taurari Will Smith da Joel Edgerton.<ref name="Bright">{{Cite web |last=Kit |first=Borys |date=11 October 2016 |title=David Ayer's 'Bright' Lands 'Mr. Church' Actress Lucy Fry (Exclusive) |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/david-ayers-bright-lands-lucy-937362 |access-date=2 February 2017 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> A cikin watan Yulin shekara ta 2017, an jefa Fry don tauraro a matsayin Heidi a cikin fim ɗin ''Ta Bace'' tare da Eiza González.<ref name="Highway">{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr |date=12 July 2017 |title=David Ayer's 'Bright' Lands 'Mr. Church' Actress Lucy Fry (Exclusive) |url=https://deadline.com/2017/07/lucy-fry-eiza-gonzalez-josh-hartnett-blake-berris-highway-alexandra-mcguinness-1202127269/ |access-date=21 July 2017 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref><ref name="missing">{{Cite web |date=5 February 2019 |title=''She's Missing'': Alexandra McGuinness on her new movie |url=https://www.rte.ie/culture/2019/0204/1027423-shes-missing-alexandra-mcguinness-on-her-new-movie/ |access-date=22 February 2019 |publisher=Raidió Teilifís Éireann}}</ref> [[Fayil:Lucy Fry (35335289093).jpg|thumb|Lucy Fry]] A cikin Yuli 2019, ta shiga cikin simintin ''gyare-gyare na Ƙarshe'', ɗan wasan Ba'amurke da Biritaniya na Tim Kirkby, wanda ya dogara da wani labari ''na Ƙarshe'' na Howard Michael Gould.<ref name="Last Looks">{{Cite web |last=N'Duka |first=Amanda |date=15 July 2019 |title='Bright' Actress Lucy Fry Cast in Action Thriller 'Waldo' |url=https://deadline.com/2019/07/lucy-fry-mel-gibson-charlie-hunnam-waldo-1202646657/ |access-date=5 March 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ritman |first=Alex |date=30 June 2020 |title=Mel Gibson Has Busy Film Slate Despite Renewed Anti-Semitism Claim |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/mel-gibson-has-busy-film-slate-renewed-anti-semitism-claim-1300903 |access-date=30 June 2020 |website=The Hollywood Reporter}}</ref> A cikin wannan shekarar, an gan ta a matsayin Stella Gigante a cikin jerin wasan kwaikwayo na laifi ''Godfather na Harlem'', wanda aka fara a watan Satumba na 2019 akan Epix.<ref>{{Cite web |date=26 September 2019 |title=Interview with Godfather of Harlem's Lucy Fry |url=https://www.lofficielusa.com/film-tv/lucy-fry-editorial-interview-2019 |access-date=19 February 2020 |publisher=L'Officiel USA}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Petski |first=Denise |date=7 December 2022 |title='Godfather of Harlem' Season 3 Cast Includes Yul Vázquez |url=https://deadline.com/2022/12/godfather-of-harlem-season-3-cast-yul-vazquez-1235192351/ |access-date=13 December 2022 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> A cikin watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2020, an ba da sanarwar cewa za ta yi tauraro a cikin fim ɗin ''Night Teeth'' [[Netflix|na Netflix]] mai ban sha'awa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr |date=3 February 2020 |title=Netflix Sets Jorge Lendeborg Jr For Lead In 'Night Teeth'; Debby Ryan, Lucy Fry, Alfie Allen & Raúl Castillo Bring The Terror |url=https://deadline.com/2020/02/netflix-night-teeth-jorge-lendeborg-jr-debby-ryan-lucy-fry-alfie-allen-1202850158/ |access-date=19 February 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> == Filmography == === Fim === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! class="unsortable" | Bayanan kula |- | 2014 | ''Vampire Academy'' | Lissa Dragomir | |- | rowspan="2" | 2015 | ''Yanzu ƙara zuma'' | Honey Halloway | |- | ''Haɗin Preppie'' | Alex Hayes | |- | rowspan="2" | 2016 | ''Mista Church'' | Poppy | Asalin suna ''Henry Joseph Church'' |- | ''Duhu'' | Stephanie Taylor asalin | Asalin suna ''6 Miranda Drive'' |- | 2017 | ''Mai haske'' | Tikka | Fim mai gudana kai tsaye <ref name="Bright"/> |- | 2019 | ''Ta Bace'' | Heidi | |- | 2021 | ''Hakora Dare'' | Zoe | Fim mai gudana kai tsaye <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr. |date=3 February 2020 |title=Netflix Sets Jorge Lendeborg Jr For Lead In 'Night Teeth;' Debby Ryan, Lucy Fry & Alfie Allen Bring The Terror |url=https://deadline.com/2020/02/netflix-night-teeth-jorge-lendeborg-jr-debby-ryan-lucy-fry-alfie-allen-1202850158/ |access-date=3 February 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> |- | 2022 | ''Kallon Karshe'' | Jayne White | Asalin mai suna ''Waldo'' <ref name="Last Looks"/> |} === Talabijin === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! class="unsortable" | Bayanan kula |- | 2010 | ''H <nowiki><sub id="mwARQ">2</sub></nowiki> O: Kawai Ƙara Ruwa'' | dalibi a Graduation | Episode: "Graduation"; wanda ba a yarda da shi ba <ref name="net10">{{Cite web |title=Mako Mermaids – Lucy Fry |url=http://ten.com.au/tvshows/mako-8304.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130909231930/http://ten.com.au/tvshows/mako-8304.htm |archive-date=9 September 2013 |access-date=9 August 2013}}</ref> |- | 2012 | ''Wurin Walƙiya'' | Zoey | Babban rawa |- | rowspan="2" | 2013 | ''Likitocin Reef'' | Josie | Episode: "Kashi Na Biyar" |- | ''Mako: Tsibirin Asirin'' | Lyla | Babban rawar (lokaci na 1) |- | rowspan="2" | 2016 | ''11.22.63'' | Marina Oswald | Babban rawa |- | ''Wolf Creek'' | Hauwa Thorogood | Matsayin jagora<br /><br /><br /><br /> Kyautar Fangoria Chainsaw don Kyautar Jarumar TV (2017) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Never mind Oscar, here's the 2017 Fangoria Chainsaw Awards Nominees Ballot! |url=http://www.fangoria.com/new/never-mind-oscar-heres-the-2017-fangoria-chainsaw-awards-nominees-ballot/ |access-date=14 February 2017 |website=Fangoria® |archive-date=6 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806233824/http://fangoria.com/new/never-mind-oscar-heres-the-2017-fangoria-chainsaw-awards-nominees-ballot/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | 2019 - yanzu | ''Sunan mahaifi Harlem'' | Stella Gigante | Babban rawa |} === Bidiyon kiɗa === * Thirsty Merc (2010) na Tommy da Krista <ref name="net10"/> == Gidan wasan kwaikwayo == {| class="wikitable sortable" ! scope="col" |Shekara ! scope="col" | Aiki ! scope="col" | Matsayi |- | rowspan="3" | 2007 | ''Labarin Ruwa'' | Tsohon Mariner |- | ''Wasan Maze mai ban mamaki na Mr A'' | Suzie |- | ''Dole ne Nunin ya Ci gaba'' | Tsana |- | rowspan="4" | 2008 | ''Mafarkin Daren Tsakar Rani'' | Wannan be |- | ''Hotunan Wasa'' | Mai yin Roving |- | ''Tafiya mara ganuwa'' | Lucy |- | ''Ramalama'' | Mai Yin Jiki |- | rowspan="3" | 2009 | ''bakin teku'' | Serena |- | ''Ƙarni masu ƙirƙira'' | Kifin zaki |- | ''Sarki Oedipus'' | Manzo |- | 2010 | ''Jakar Bace'' | Mai yin Roving |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1992]] i6p6ho10xawmj32kwnpx7ml42j4fcf6 826631 826630 2026-04-26T10:28:26Z Pharouqenr 25549 826631 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Lucy Elizabeth Fry''' (an haife ta ne acikin watan 13 Maris din shekara ta 1992<ref> name="Hollywood.com">{{Cite web |title=Lucy Fry |url=http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806141607/http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |archive-date=2017-08-06 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=Hollywood.com}}</ref> ) yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta [[Austriya|Australiya]]. An san ta don nuna Zoey a cikin ''Hasken walƙiya'', Lyla a ''Mako: Tsibirin Asirin'', da Lissa Dragomir a cikin fim din ''Vampire Academy.'' An kuma jefa Fry a cikin miniseries na kashi takwas na Hulu ''11.22.63'' a matsayin Marina Oswald, matar Lee Harvey Oswald,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Goldberg |first=Lesley |date=7 April 2015 |title=Chris Cooper, Cherry Jones Set to Co-Star in Hulu's James Franco Starrer '11/22/63' |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/chris-cooper-cherry-jones-set-786740 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |quote=Lucy Fry (Vampire Academy) is Marina Oswald, Lee Harvey Oswald's Russian wife.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bryant |first=Jacob |date=19 November 2015 |title=Watch: James Franco Stars in Hulu's '11.22.63' |url=https://variety.com/2015/digital/news/video-james-franco-11-22-63-stephen-king-jj-abrams-hulu-1201644710/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]}}</ref> kuma ta taka rawa a cikin jerin talabijin na tsoro na Australiya na cikin shekara ta 2016 ''Wolf Creek'' da Tikka a cikin fim din [[Netflix]] na cikin shekara ta 2017 ''Bright.'' Tun daga cikin shekara ta 2019, ta nuna Stella Gigante a cikin jerin Epix ''Godfather na Harlem''. == Rayuwar farko == [[Fayil:Lucy Fry 2014.jpg|thumb|Lucy Fry]] An haifi Fry a Wooloowin, Queensland, [[Asturaliya|Ostiraliya]] a cikin shekara ta 1992.<ref name="Hollywood.com">{{Cite web |title=Lucy Fry |url=http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806141607/http://www.hollywood.com/celebrities/lucy-fry-59042261/ |archive-date=2017-08-06 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=Hollywood.com}}</ref> Ta halarci Makarantar Grammar Girls na [[Brisbane]] a Brisbane, Queensland,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Barrett |first=Glenn |year=2021 |title=BRISBANE GIRLS GRAMMAR SCHOOL ENROLMENTS INFORMATION [At a glance] |url=https://www.readkong.com/page/brisbane-girls-grammar-school-enrolments-information-8268975 |access-date=19 January 2025 |website=Brisbane Girls Grammar School |page=3 |via=ReadKong}}</ref> kuma ta fara karatun wasan kwaikwayo tun tana ƙarami, horo tare da kamfanin wasan kwaikwayo na jiki na tushen Brisbane, Zen Zen Zo. A cikin shekara ta 2007, ta kasance ta zo ta biyu a cikin Binciken Model na Mujallar budurwa. == Sana'a == Ta yi bayyanar da ba a yarda da ita ba a wasan karshe na kakar 3 na H 2 O: Just Add Water, a cikin shekara ta 2010. Babban aikinta na farko a talabijin shine Zoey a cikin Hasken walƙiya. Daga nan sai ta ci gaba da yin wasa Lyla, ɗaya daga cikin manyan ayyuka na mermaid, a cikin kakar 1 na Mako: Island of Secrets, a spin-off of H 2 O: Just Add Water . A cikin shekara ta 2014, ta sami babban matsayinta na farko na allo, kamar yadda Lissa Dragomir a ''Kwalejin Vampire''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Trumbore |first=Dave |date=1 February 2013 |title=Vampire Academy: Blood Sisters to Star Zoey Deutch and Lucy Fry with Mark Waters Directing |url=https://collider.com/zoey-deutch-lucy-fry-vampire-academy-blood-sisters/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Collider (website)|Collider]]}}</ref> da kuma azaman zuma a ''Yanzu Ƙara zuma.''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=Neala |date=4 August 2013 |title=Portia de Rossi, Hamish Blake – and maybe Ellen – bring a little Honey to Australian movie shoot |url=http://www.news.com.au/entertainment/movies/portia-de-rossi-hamish-blake-8212-and-maybe-ellen-8212-bring-a-little-honey-to-australian-movie-shoot/story-e6frfmvr-1226690727027 |access-date=23 April 2016 |publisher=[[News.com.au]]}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2015, Fry ya haɗu a cikin ''Haɗin Preppie'' gabanin Thomas Mann, yana wasa da rawar Alex.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Harvey |first=Dennis |date=4 November 2015 |title=Film Review: 'The Preppie Connection' |url=https://variety.com/2015/film/reviews/the-preppie-connection-review-1201623869/ |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |quote=Much as he resents their snobbery, however, Toby can't help being attracted by the social magnetism of the school's leading "preppies," particularly brash ringleader Ellis (Logan Huffman) and his beautiful g.f. Alex (Lucy Fry), representing the moneyed elite of Manhattan and North Carolina, respectively.}}</ref> A cikin shekara ta 2016, ta fito a cikin fina-finan ''Mista Church'', tare da Eddie Murphy da Britt Robertson,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Scheck |first=Frank |date=22 April 2016 |title='Mr. Church': Tribeca Review |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/mr-church-tribeca-review-887130 |access-date=23 April 2016 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> da kuma ''The Darkness'', tare da Kevin Bacon . Acikin wannan shekarar, ta taka rawar jagora Eve Thorogood a cikin miniseries na Australiya ''Wolf Creek.''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Newsome |first=Brad |date=12 May 2016 |title=Review: Wolf Creek the TV series emerges as an engrossing new chapter in the cult thriller's story |url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/tv-and-radio/review-wolf-creek-the-tv-series-emerges-as-an-engrossing-new-chapter-in-the-cult-thrillers-story-20160512-gotllw.html |access-date=27 July 2016 |website=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]}}</ref> Ta kuma yi tauraro a cikin ''11.22.63'' tana wasa Marina, matar Lee Harvey Oswald.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pedersen |first=Erik |date=7 April 2015 |title=Chris Cooper & Others Join Hulu's '11/22/63' Cast; Director Set |url=https://deadline.com/2015/04/chris-cooper-11-22-63-hulu-kevin-macdonald-james-franco-1201405877/ |access-date=26 May 2020 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> A cikin watan Oktoban shekara ta 2016, an jefa Fry a matsayin Tikka, wani matashin elf wanda ya mallaki iko akan sihirin sihiri, a cikin fim ɗin fantasy na cikin shekara ta 2017 ''Bright'' wanda taurari Will Smith da Joel Edgerton.<ref name="Bright">{{Cite web |last=Kit |first=Borys |date=11 October 2016 |title=David Ayer's 'Bright' Lands 'Mr. Church' Actress Lucy Fry (Exclusive) |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/david-ayers-bright-lands-lucy-937362 |access-date=2 February 2017 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> A cikin watan Yulin shekara ta 2017, an jefa Fry don tauraro a matsayin Heidi a cikin fim ɗin ''Ta Bace'' tare da Eiza González.<ref name="Highway">{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr |date=12 July 2017 |title=David Ayer's 'Bright' Lands 'Mr. Church' Actress Lucy Fry (Exclusive) |url=https://deadline.com/2017/07/lucy-fry-eiza-gonzalez-josh-hartnett-blake-berris-highway-alexandra-mcguinness-1202127269/ |access-date=21 July 2017 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref><ref name="missing">{{Cite web |date=5 February 2019 |title=''She's Missing'': Alexandra McGuinness on her new movie |url=https://www.rte.ie/culture/2019/0204/1027423-shes-missing-alexandra-mcguinness-on-her-new-movie/ |access-date=22 February 2019 |publisher=Raidió Teilifís Éireann}}</ref> [[Fayil:Lucy Fry (35335289093).jpg|thumb|Lucy Fry]] A cikin Yuli 2019, ta shiga cikin simintin ''gyare-gyare na Ƙarshe'', ɗan wasan Ba'amurke da Biritaniya na Tim Kirkby, wanda ya dogara da wani labari ''na Ƙarshe'' na Howard Michael Gould.<ref name="Last Looks">{{Cite web |last=N'Duka |first=Amanda |date=15 July 2019 |title='Bright' Actress Lucy Fry Cast in Action Thriller 'Waldo' |url=https://deadline.com/2019/07/lucy-fry-mel-gibson-charlie-hunnam-waldo-1202646657/ |access-date=5 March 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ritman |first=Alex |date=30 June 2020 |title=Mel Gibson Has Busy Film Slate Despite Renewed Anti-Semitism Claim |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/mel-gibson-has-busy-film-slate-renewed-anti-semitism-claim-1300903 |access-date=30 June 2020 |website=The Hollywood Reporter}}</ref> A cikin wannan shekarar, an gan ta a matsayin Stella Gigante a cikin jerin wasan kwaikwayo na laifi ''Godfather na Harlem'', wanda aka fara a watan Satumba na 2019 akan Epix.<ref>{{Cite web |date=26 September 2019 |title=Interview with Godfather of Harlem's Lucy Fry |url=https://www.lofficielusa.com/film-tv/lucy-fry-editorial-interview-2019 |access-date=19 February 2020 |publisher=L'Officiel USA}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Petski |first=Denise |date=7 December 2022 |title='Godfather of Harlem' Season 3 Cast Includes Yul Vázquez |url=https://deadline.com/2022/12/godfather-of-harlem-season-3-cast-yul-vazquez-1235192351/ |access-date=13 December 2022 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> A cikin watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2020, an ba da sanarwar cewa za ta yi tauraro a cikin fim ɗin ''Night Teeth'' [[Netflix|na Netflix]] mai ban sha'awa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr |date=3 February 2020 |title=Netflix Sets Jorge Lendeborg Jr For Lead In 'Night Teeth'; Debby Ryan, Lucy Fry, Alfie Allen & Raúl Castillo Bring The Terror |url=https://deadline.com/2020/02/netflix-night-teeth-jorge-lendeborg-jr-debby-ryan-lucy-fry-alfie-allen-1202850158/ |access-date=19 February 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> == Filmography == === Fim === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! class="unsortable" | Bayanan kula |- | 2014 | ''Vampire Academy'' | Lissa Dragomir | |- | rowspan="2" | 2015 | ''Yanzu ƙara zuma'' | Honey Halloway | |- | ''Haɗin Preppie'' | Alex Hayes | |- | rowspan="2" | 2016 | ''Mista Church'' | Poppy | Asalin suna ''Henry Joseph Church'' |- | ''Duhu'' | Stephanie Taylor asalin | Asalin suna ''6 Miranda Drive'' |- | 2017 | ''Mai haske'' | Tikka | Fim mai gudana kai tsaye <ref name="Bright"/> |- | 2019 | ''Ta Bace'' | Heidi | |- | 2021 | ''Hakora Dare'' | Zoe | Fim mai gudana kai tsaye <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fleming |first=Mike Jr. |date=3 February 2020 |title=Netflix Sets Jorge Lendeborg Jr For Lead In 'Night Teeth;' Debby Ryan, Lucy Fry & Alfie Allen Bring The Terror |url=https://deadline.com/2020/02/netflix-night-teeth-jorge-lendeborg-jr-debby-ryan-lucy-fry-alfie-allen-1202850158/ |access-date=3 February 2020 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> |- | 2022 | ''Kallon Karshe'' | Jayne White | Asalin mai suna ''Waldo'' <ref name="Last Looks"/> |} === Talabijin === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Take ! Matsayi ! class="unsortable" | Bayanan kula |- | 2010 | ''H <nowiki><sub id="mwARQ">2</sub></nowiki> O: Kawai Ƙara Ruwa'' | dalibi a Graduation | Episode: "Graduation"; wanda ba a yarda da shi ba <ref name="net10">{{Cite web |title=Mako Mermaids – Lucy Fry |url=http://ten.com.au/tvshows/mako-8304.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130909231930/http://ten.com.au/tvshows/mako-8304.htm |archive-date=9 September 2013 |access-date=9 August 2013}}</ref> |- | 2012 | ''Wurin Walƙiya'' | Zoey | Babban rawa |- | rowspan="2" | 2013 | ''Likitocin Reef'' | Josie | Episode: "Kashi Na Biyar" |- | ''Mako: Tsibirin Asirin'' | Lyla | Babban rawar (lokaci na 1) |- | rowspan="2" | 2016 | ''11.22.63'' | Marina Oswald | Babban rawa |- | ''Wolf Creek'' | Hauwa Thorogood | Matsayin jagora<br /><br /><br /><br /> Kyautar Fangoria Chainsaw don Kyautar Jarumar TV (2017) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Never mind Oscar, here's the 2017 Fangoria Chainsaw Awards Nominees Ballot! |url=http://www.fangoria.com/new/never-mind-oscar-heres-the-2017-fangoria-chainsaw-awards-nominees-ballot/ |access-date=14 February 2017 |website=Fangoria® |archive-date=6 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806233824/http://fangoria.com/new/never-mind-oscar-heres-the-2017-fangoria-chainsaw-awards-nominees-ballot/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | 2019 - yanzu | ''Sunan mahaifi Harlem'' | Stella Gigante | Babban rawa |} === Bidiyon kiɗa === * Thirsty Merc (2010) na Tommy da Krista <ref name="net10"/> == Gidan wasan kwaikwayo == {| class="wikitable sortable" ! scope="col" |Shekara ! scope="col" | Aiki ! scope="col" | Matsayi |- | rowspan="3" | 2007 | ''Labarin Ruwa'' | Tsohon Mariner |- | ''Wasan Maze mai ban mamaki na Mr A'' | Suzie |- | ''Dole ne Nunin ya Ci gaba'' | Tsana |- | rowspan="4" | 2008 | ''Mafarkin Daren Tsakar Rani'' | Wannan be |- | ''Hotunan Wasa'' | Mai yin Roving |- | ''Tafiya mara ganuwa'' | Lucy |- | ''Ramalama'' | Mai Yin Jiki |- | rowspan="3" | 2009 | ''bakin teku'' | Serena |- | ''Ƙarni masu ƙirƙira'' | Kifin zaki |- | ''Sarki Oedipus'' | Manzo |- | 2010 | ''Jakar Bace'' | Mai yin Roving |} == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1992]] sqr2e0z5dczxjmdogvheaek5o0jqj7p 0 95002 826347 594300 2026-04-25T21:24:20Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826347 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Deirdre Barrett''' marubuciya ce ta Amurka kuma masanin ilimin halayyar dan adam da aka sani da bincikenta kan [[Mafarki|mafarkai]], hypnosis da hotuna, kuma ta rubuta kan ilimin halayin juyin halitta. Barrett malami ne a Makarantar Kiwon Lafiya ta Harvard, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Harvard Catalyst Profiles |url=https://connects.catalyst.harvard.edu/profiles/display/person/39720 |access-date=2018-03-24 |publisher=Harvard College}}</ref> kuma tsohon shugaban kungiyar International Association for the Study of Dreams (IASD) da kuma kungiyar American Psychological Association's Div. 30, Society for Psychological Hypnosis. Ita ce babban edita na mujallar Dreaming: The Journal of the Association for the Study of Dreams kuma edita mai ba da shawara ga Imagination, Cognition, and Personality da The International Journal for Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis .<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/access/1152884251.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Oct+29%2C+2006&author=&desc=Four+Experts+Try+to+Get+Inside+Readers%27+Heads. |title=THE WASHINGTON POST; Four Experts Try to Get Inside Readers' Heads Oct 29, 2006; M.4 |access-date=July 6, 2017 |archive-date=March 3, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303193323/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/doc/410033396.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS%3AFT&type=current&date=Oct%2029%2C%202006&author=&pub=&edition=&startpage=&desc=Four%20Experts%20Try%20to%20Get%20Inside%20Readers%27%20Heads. |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ta rubuta littattafai biyar ga jama'a gaba ɗaya: Mutumin da ke da ciki da Sauran Kasuwanci Daga Couch na Hypnotherapist (1998), ''Kwamitin Barci'' (2001), ''Waistland'' (2007), Supernormal Stimuli (2010), da Pandemic Dreams (2020). Ita ce edita na littattafai huɗu na ilimi: Trauma da Mafarki (1996), ''[[The New Science of Dreaming|Sabon Kimiyya na Mafarki]]'' (2007), ''[[Hypnosis and Hypnotherapy|Hypnosis da Hypnotherapy]]'' (2010), da kuma The Encyclopedia of Sleep and Dreams (2012). == Bincike == Barrett an fi saninta da aikinta a kan mafarkai da gudummawar da suka bayar ga kerawa da warware matsalar.<ref>{{Cite web |title=THE WASHINGTON POST; Four Experts Try to Get Inside Readers' Heads Oct 29, 2006; M.4 |url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/access/1152884251.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Oct+29%2C+2006&author=&desc=Four+Experts+Try+to+Get+Inside+Readers%27+Heads. |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303193323/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/doc/410033396.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS%3AFT&type=current&date=Oct%2029%2C%202006&author=&pub=&edition=&startpage=&desc=Four%20Experts%20Try%20to%20Get%20Inside%20Readers%27%20Heads. |archive-date=March 3, 2016 |access-date=July 6, 2017}}</ref> Ta yi hira da masu zane-zane da masana kimiyya na zamani game da amfani da mafarkinsu, suna rubuta labarai masu ban mamaki ciki har da [[Kyautar Nobel]] da Gidauniyar MacArthur 'masu basira' waɗanda ra'ayoyinsu suka samo asali ne daga mafarkai. Ta kuma gudanar da bincike tana tambayar daliban koleji da su gabatar da amsoshi ga aikin gida na ainihi da sauran matsalolin da suke aiki a kai, ta gano cewa a cikin mako guda, rabin ya yi mafarki game da batun su kuma rabin wadanda suke da mafarki wanda ya ba da amsa. Barrett ya bayyana mafarki a matsayin kawai "tunani a cikin yanayi daban-daban na biochemical" kuma ta yi imanin cewa muna ci gaba da aiki a kan dukkan matsalolin iri ɗaya - na sirri da na manufa - a wannan yanayin. <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.asdreams.org/journal/articles/barrett3-2.htm |title=Barrett, Deirdre. The 'Committee of Sleep': A Study of Dream Incubation for Problem Solving. Dreaming: Journal of the Association for the Study of Dreams, 1993, 3, pp. 115-123. |access-date=2025-03-05 |archive-date=2012-11-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121118012703/http://asdreams.org/journal/articles/barrett3-2.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>Binciken ta ya kammala cewa yayin da wani abu - lissafi, abun da ke ciki na kiɗa, matsalolin kasuwanci - na iya warwarewa yayin mafarki, mafarkai biyu na musamman suna iya taimakawa shine 1) wani abu inda hangen nesa ke taimakawa ga mafita, ko a cikin zane-zane ko kirkirar na'urorin fasaha na 3-D da 2) duk wata matsala inda mafita ta kasance a cikin tunani a waje da akwatin - watau inda mutum ya makale saboda hikimar al'ada game da yadda za a kusanci matsalar ba daidai ba ce. Barrett ya kuma gudanar da bincike kan mafarkai masu haske da kuma taimaka wa mutanen da ke fama da PTSD don yin mafarki na iko don canza mafarkin su mai ban tsoro, da kuma buga karatun da ke bin diddigin ci gaban mafarkai a lokacin rasuwar. Ta yi nazarin halaye na mafarkai a cikin cututtuka daban-daban ciki har da baƙin ciki da cututtukan rarrabuwa. A lokacin rani na shekara ta 2010 tallace-tallace game da fim din mafarki mai taken Inception, kafofin watsa labarai sun yi hira da Barrett ciki har da [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]], NBC Today, [[CNN]], The Wall Street Journal, The New York Times, da USA Today, suna nuna cewa wasu fannoni na fim din, kamar mafarki mai haske, sarrafa mafarki na mutum, da mafarki sun kasance masu gaske yayin da ikon sarrafa mafarki wasu, lokaci yana raguwa a cikin mafarki, da kuma ba zai yiwuwar yin mafarki cewa kuna mutuwa duk wuraren da ba a cikin sabis na makircin ban mamaki.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Inside 'Inception': Could Christopher Nolan's Dream World Exist in Real Life? |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/inside-inception-christopher-nolans-dream-world-exist-real/story?id=11174201 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404105727/https://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/inside-inception-christopher-nolans-dream-world-exist-real/story?id=11174201 |archive-date=2023-04-04 |website=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]]}}</ref> Nazarin Barrett na hypnosis ta mayar da hankali kan nau'ikan nau'ikan hypnotizables daban-daban, yana samun rukuni biyu, wanda ta kira fantasizers da dissociaters. Masu zane-zane suna da tunanin da ke da kyau, suna da sauƙin toshe abubuwan da ke faruwa a duniya, suna ciyar da lokaci mai yawa suna mafarki, suna ba da rahoton abokan tunani tun suna yaro, kuma suna girma tare da iyaye waɗanda ke ƙarfafa wasan kwaikwayo. Masu rabuwa yawanci suna da tarihin cin zarafin yara ko wasu gagarumin rauni, sun koyi tserewa cikin rashin lafiya, da kuma manta da abubuwan da ba su da kyau. Haɗin su da "mafarki na yau da kullun" sau da yawa yana tafiya babu komai maimakon tunanin da aka tuna da shi. Dukansu suna da matsayi daidai a kan ma'auni na ƙarancin ƙwaƙwalwa. Sauran binciken da Barrett ta yi ta mayar da hankali kan kamanceceniya da bambance-bambance tsakanin mafarkai na rana da mafarki na dare da kuma muhimmancin tunanin farko kamar yadda yake nuna microcosm na ra'ayi na duniya na mutum. Barrett yana da sha'awar fim kuma ya rubuta game da dabarun da fina-finai ke amfani da su don wakiltar mafarkai da kuma mummunan ra'ayi na hypnosis a cikin fim. Kwanan nan, Barrett ta rubuta game da ilimin halayyar juyin halitta, musamman ma manufar motsawa ta musamman - ra'ayin cewa fasaha na iya ƙirƙirar wani abu na wucin gadi wanda ke jan hankali da karfi fiye da wanda ya samo asali. Maganar "mahimmanci mai girma" ta samo asali ne daga masanin kimiyya na Dutch Nikolaas Tinbergen a cikin shekarun 1930. Littafin Barrett na ''Waistland'' (2007) ta binciki nauyin nauyi da matsalar lafiya dangane da motsa jiki na yau da kullun don abinci da hutawa. Littafinta na baya-bayan nan, "Supernormal Stimuli: How Primal Urges Overran Their Evolutionary Purpose" (2010) yayi nazarin tasirin motsa jiki na yau da kullun akan karkatar da motsin rai don kula da, jima'i, soyayya, yanki, yaƙi, da kuma satar masana'antar nishaɗi na zamantakewarmu. == Littattafan da aka zaɓa == === Littattafai === * Mutumin da ke cikin ciki: da Sauran shari'o'i daga Couch na Hypnotherapist (Times Books, 1998)   * Trauma da Mafarki (Harvard University Press, 2001)   * ''Waistland: (R) Kimiyya ta Juyin Halitta Bayan Matsayinmu da Rikicin Fitness'' (Norton, 2007)   * ''Sabon Kimiyya na Mafarki'' [3 kundin] (Praeger, 2007)   * ''Hypnosis da Hypnotherapy'' [2 kundin] (Praeger, 2009)   * Kwamitin Barci: Yadda Masu zane-zane, Masana kimiyya, da 'Yan wasa ke Amfani da Mafarkin su don Magana Matsalar Halitta - da kuma Yadda Za Ka Iya Hakanan (Random House 2001; Oneiroi Press, 2010)   * Supernormal Stimuli: Yadda Farko Farko Ya Fice Manufar Juyin Halitta (Norton, 2010)   * ''Encyclopedia of Sleep and Dreams: Juyin Halitta, Ayyuka, Yanayi, da Asirin Slumber'' (Greenwood, 2012)   == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 7ol4a36erb0e7nszzsb6cyxrm6hlb56 0 95507 826395 790584 2026-04-26T04:39:49Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826395 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dorcas Makgato''' ’yar kasuwa ce ta Botswana. An haife ta a Serowe, Botswana kuma ta girma a babban birnin [[Gaborone]]. Ta yi minista a majalisar ministocin Botswana. Ta kuma kasance ɗaya daga cikin matasa masu fata da suka yi bikin cika shekaru 10 da samun 'yancin kai na Botswana tare da yin maci na shugaban ƙasa na farko a shekarar 1976. Daga shekarun 2019 ta kasance jakadiyar Botswana a [[Asturaliya|Ostiraliya]]. <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Department - About us |url=https://protocol.dfat.gov.au/Public/Missions/29 |access-date=2021-04-19 |website=protocol.dfat.gov.au |publisher=Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade |language=en}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Her Excellency Dorcas K. Makgato |url=https://www.womenlifthealth.org/profile/dorcas-makgato/ |access-date=2024-11-25 |website=WomenLift Health |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Discussing WA’s ties to Botswana |url=https://govhouse.wa.gov.au/2023/08/discussing-was-ties-to-botswana/ |website=Government House Western Australia}}</ref> Maghetho Malesu ta kammala aikinta a matsayin babbar kwamishina ta Botswana a Ostireliya a shekarar 2023 kuma ta yi aikin diflomasiyya na tsawon shekaru huɗu kafin ta koma Botswana. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mathala |first=Sharon |date=2024-03-11 |title=Makgato’s timely return |url=https://www.mmegi.bw/news/makgatos-timely-return/news |access-date=2024-11-26 |website=Mmegi Online |language=en}}</ref> == Ilimi == MBA daga Ducere Global Business School da Jami'ar Wales. Ta halarci Jami'ar Sheffield a Burtaniya <ref name=":1"/> daga inda ta kammala karatu tare da BSc Hons a Gudanarwa da Tsarin Abinci.{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=May 2022}}<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2022)">abubuwan da ake bukata</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> == Sana'a == Makgato ta kasance babbar jami'a ta hukumar fitar da kayayyaki da ci gaba da saka hannun jari [[Botswana|ta Botswana]] <ref>{{Cite web |title=PressReader.com - Digital Newspaper & Magazine Subscriptions |url=https://www.pressreader.com/botswana/mmegi/20210122/281638192863283?srsltid=AfmBOor6ASi602iS2m-6ewhJr0X2rP2pBXRQac1SRmaQ3tlrNTWFdAoa |access-date=2024-11-26 |website=www.pressreader.com}}</ref> tsakanin shekarun 2007 da 2009 inda ta gano shingen zuba jari tare da jan hankalin gwamnatin Botswana don yin sauye-sauye don ingantacciyar yanayin saka hannun jari, wanda ya ƙunshi babban haɗin gwiwa da hulɗa tare da masu ruwa da tsaki da kamfanoni masu zaman kansu. Ta yi amfani da matsayinta na shugabar hukumar wajen yin garambawul ga tsarin ayyukan kungiyar tare da inganta ayyukanta wanda ya sa kamfanin ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan hukumomin bunƙasa zuba jari a Afirka. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mokento |first=Kevin |date=22 January 2021 |title=Mmegi Online :: Reflections on Dorcas Makgato |url=http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?aid=88444&dir=2021/january/22 |access-date=2021-04-19 |website=Mmegi Online}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ministry Of Health & Wellness, Botswana |url=https://www.moh.gov.bw/news_events/Makgato_Farewell.html |access-date=2021-04-19 |website=www.moh.gov.bw |archive-date=2023-11-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231107103558/https://www.moh.gov.bw/news_events/Makgato_Farewell.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Honorable Dorcas Makgato-Malesu |url=http://ducerewales.com/leaders/honorable-dorcas-makgato-malesu |access-date=2022-02-10 |website=UWTSD & Ducere |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-11-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231107103545/https://ducerewales.com/leaders/honorable-dorcas-makgato-malesu |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kafin shiga hukumar saka hannun jari, Makgato ta yi aiki da Barloworld Limited a matsayin darektan aiyuka na kamfanoni tsakanin shekarun 2001 zuwa 2007 kuma ta kasance babbar darektar kamfanin na Nashua kuma tana da alhakin jagoranci dabarun da ayyukan kamfanin. A ƙarshe, kafin ta shiga Barloworld ta kasance Shugabar Sashen Kasuwanci da [[Albarkatun dan'adam|Albarkatun Bil Adama]] na Air Botswana. <ref name=":1"/> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Honorable Dorcas Makgato-Malesu |url=https://ducere.education/faculty/hon-dorcas-makgato-malesu/ |access-date=2024-11-25 |website=Ducere Business School {{!}} University |language=en-US}}</ref> Abubuwan da ta samu sun taimaka a tsohuwar rawar da Makgato ta taka a ma'aikatar ciniki da masana'antu. Ɗaya daga cikin manyan manufofinta shi ne ƙoƙarin ganin [[Botswana]] ta zama wuri mai ban sha'awa don yin kasuwanci a duniya. Ta yi fatan yin amfani da matsayinta wajen taimakawa ƙasar nan wajen samar da masana'antu da kasuwanci masu ɗorewa. Tun bayan da ta hau muƙamin ma'aikatar a shekarar 2010, ta karfafa dangantakar dake tsakanin ƙasar Botswana da makwaftanta a kudanci da gabashin Afirka, yayin da ta ɓullo da wasu tsare-tsare na karfafa martabar Botswana a masana'antar lu'u-lu'u da ma ƙasar baki ɗaya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2010-02-01 |title=Minister Makgato-Malesu Profile &#124; Ministry of Trade and Industry |url=http://www.mti.gov.bw/content/minister-makgato-malesu-profile |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140812202604/http://www.mti.gov.bw/content/minister-makgato-malesu-profile |archive-date=2014-08-12 |access-date=2014-08-12 |publisher=Mti.gov.bw}}</ref> Ta kasance ministar lafiya kuma tsohuwar ministar kasuwanci da masana'antu a shekarar 2014. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Dorcas Makgato {{!}} Profile {{!}} Africa Confidential |url=https://www.africa-confidential.com/profile/id/3868/Dorcas_Makgato |access-date=2021-04-19 |website=www.africa-confidential.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Dorcas Makgato-Malesu |url=https://www.weforum.org/people/dorcas-makgato-malesu/ |access-date=2021-04-19 |website=World Economic Forum |language=en}}</ref> <ref name=":0"/> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mafika |date=2013-05-24 |title=Botswana launches brand strategy - Brand South Africa |url=https://brandsouthafrica.com/botswana-launches-brand-strategy/ |access-date=2022-02-10 |language=en-ZA |archive-date=2022-02-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220210123342/https://brandsouthafrica.com/botswana-launches-brand-strategy/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=October 22, 2009 |title=Cablegate: Botswana: President and Parliament Sworn In |url=https://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/WL0910/S02208/cablegate-botswana-president-and-parliament-sworn-in.htm |access-date=2022-02-10 |website=www.scoop.co.nz}}</ref> <ref name=":1"/> Ta yi nasarar jagoranci tare da ƙirƙirar ƙungiyoyi na musamman na mata, irin su Mata a Wasannin Botswana da Ƙungiyar Mata ta BDP. <ref name=":1" /> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] f1hsp4bhtzy5rf9jta251359ridn2zw 0 95681 826241 615286 2026-04-25T13:06:49Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826241 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Jacoba Francisca Maria "Cobie" Smulders [1] (an haife ta a ranar 3 ga watan Afrilu, 1982) [2] 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Kanada. An san ta da rawar da ta taka a matsayin Robin Scherbatsky a cikin jerin CBS How I Met Your Mother (2005-2014) kuma a matsayin wakili na S.H.I.E.L.D. Maria Hill a cikin Marvel Cinematic Universe superhero franchise, farawa da fim din The Avengers (2012). Sauran fina-finai na Smulders sun hada da Safe Haven (2013), The Lego Movie franchise (2014-2019), Results (2015), The Intervention (2016), da Jack Reacher: Never Go Back (2016). Ta kuma fito a cikin jerin wasan kwaikwayo na Netflix A Series of Unfortunate Events (2017), jerin wasan kwaikwayo da Netflix Friends from College (2017-2019), jerin wasan kwaikwayo masu aikata laifuka na ABC Stumptown (2019-2020), da kuma jerin laifuka masu gaskiya na FX Impeachment: American Crime Story (2021). Smulders ta fara wasan kwaikwayo a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na Nora Ephron Love, Loss, and What I Wore a cikin 2010. Daga nan sai ta fara bugawa Broadway a farfadowar wasan kwaikwayo na Noël Coward Present Laughter (2017) inda ta sami lambar yabo ta gidan wasan kwaikwayo ta duniya. == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Smulders a [[Vancouver|Vancouver, British Columbia]], ga mahaifin Dutch da mahaifiyar Burtaniya. Ta girma ne a White Rock, British Columbia, kuma daga baya ta koma unguwar West Point Grey mai wadata don halartar makarantar sakandare a makarantar sakandare ta Lord Byng . An sanya mata suna ne bayan kawunta, daga inda ta sami laƙabi "Cobie".<ref>{{Cite web |date=April 24, 2017 |title=Cobie Smulders on ''The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson'' |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mlR5eEGbmjQ |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211002193427/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mlR5eEGbmjQ |archive-date=October 2, 2021 |access-date=September 6, 2020 |publisher=[[YouTube]] }}</ref> Smulders ta bayyana kanta a matsayin "mai sauraro mai kyau" na Faransanci.<ref name="macleans" /> Tana da 'yan'uwa mata hudu. Smulders kuma memba ne na Girl Guides na Kanada tun yana yaro, yana shiga a matsayin Brownie (Shirin Jagora na Yarinya don yara masu shekaru 7 zuwa 10). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cobie Smulders (@cobiesmulders) on Instagram |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/Bo0daGUHA8o/ |url-access=registration |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230412075418/https://www.instagram.com/p/Bo0daGUHA8o/ |archive-date=April 12, 2023 |access-date=March 13, 2025 |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> A lokacin ƙuruciyarta, Smulders tana da burin zama masanin ilimin halittu na ruwa.<ref name="macleans">{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=Brian D. |date=November 16, 2013 |title='It's always in my back pocket': Cobie Smulders on Canadian identity |url=http://www.macleans.ca/2013/11/16/playing-a-marvel-heroine-picturing-vince-vaughn-with-533-kids-and-her-greatest-flaw/ |access-date=December 27, 2013 |website=[[Maclean's]] |archive-date=December 27, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131227013606/http://www2.macleans.ca/2013/11/16/playing-a-marvel-heroine-picturing-vince-vaughn-with-533-kids-and-her-greatest-flaw/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ta yi sha'awar wasan kwaikwayo a duk makarantar sakandare kuma ta yi karatu a takaice a Jami'ar Victoria kafin ta koma wasan kwaikwayo.<ref name="macleans" /> === Misali === Smulders ta yi aiki a cikin samfurin, wanda daga baya ta ce "ta ƙi", ta kara da cewa kwarewar ta sa ta yi jinkiri game da bin wasan kwaikwayo a matsayin aiki: "Ka sani, kuna shiga cikin waɗannan ɗakunan, kuma ina da kwarewar mutane suna hukunta ku a zahiri na dogon lokaci kuma na wuce hakan amma, to, kamar... 'Oh a'a, dole ne in yi kyau, kuma dole ne in sami murya... kuma dole ne ina da tunani yanzu.'"<ref>{{Cite web |last=Zuo |first=Mila |date=September 1, 2009 |title=The Elusive Charm of Cobie Smulders |url=http://venuszine.com/articles/art_and_culture/film/6515/The_Elusive_Charm_of_Cobie_Smulders |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722105234/http://venuszine.com/articles/art_and_culture/film/6515/The_Elusive_Charm_of_Cobie_Smulders |archive-date=July 22, 2011 |access-date=May 28, 2011 |website=[[Venus Zine]]}}</ref> == Ayyuka == === 2002-2016: Matsayi na farko da ci gaba === [[Fayil:CobieSmulders2008.jpg|alt=A brunette woman smiles|left|thumb|Smulders a wani taron [[CBS]] a 2008]] Smulders ta fara yin wasan kwaikwayo na farko a shekara ta 2002, tare da bayyanar baƙi a cikin jerin wasan kwaikwayo na fiction na kimiyya na UPN Special Unit 2 da kuma jerin wasan kwaikwayo da fiction na fiction kimiyya na Showtime Jeremiah . Daga baya ta fito da yawa a talabijin, ciki har da jerin wasan kwaikwayo na [[Fox Broadcasting Company|Fox]] Tru Calling (2003), jerin WB superhero ''Smallville'' (2003), da kuma jerin wasan kwaikwayo da sararin samaniya na Duniya ''Andromeda'' (2005). Matsayin farko na Smulders a matsayin jerin na yau da kullun ya kasance a cikin gajeren wasan kwaikwayo na [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] na 2003 Veritas: The Quest, wanda ya gudana na kakar wasa daya. Ta yi fim dinta na farko a shekara ta 2004 tare da rawar da ta taka a fim din Walking Tall . Daga nan sai ta taka rawar gani a fim din wasan kwaikwayo na 2005 The Long Weekend . A wannan shekarar, tana da rawar da take takawa a matsayin Leigh Ostin a cikin jerin wasan kwaikwayo na Showtime The L Word . A shekara ta 2005, an jefa Smulders a matsayin mai ba da rahoto na talabijin kuma tsohon tauraron matasa Robin Scherbatsky a cikin jerin [[CBS]] How I Met Your Mother . An kammala jerin a shekarar 2014 bayan yanayi tara, inda suka lashe lambar yabo ta Emmy 10 a duk lokacin da take gudana.<ref>{{Cite web |title=How I Met Your Mother |url=https://www.emmys.com/shows/how-i-met-your-mother |access-date=4 January 2021 |website=Emmys}}</ref> Don rawar da ta taka, ta sami karbuwa sosai kuma ta sami Kyautar Zaɓin Jama'a.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ausiello |first=Michael |date=November 5, 2013 |title=2014 People's Choice Awards: ''Glee'', ''Grey's'', ''Sons'', ''Good Wife'', ''Castle'', ''NCIS'', Gellar Among Nominees |url=https://tvline.com/2013/11/05/peoples-choice-awards-nominations-2014-list/ |access-date=June 3, 2023 |website=[[TVLine]]}}</ref> A shekara ta 2009, ta fito a fim din wasan kwaikwayo The Slammin' Salmon . Daga nan sai ta bayyana a cikin matukin jirgi na 2010 na jerin wasan kwaikwayo na HBO How to Make It in America . A watan Yunin 2010, Smulders ta fara fitowa a Broadway a wasan Delia da Nora Ephron na Love, Loss, da What I Wore a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Westside . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fullerton |first=Krissie |date=May 28, 2010 |title=PHOTO CALL: Love, Loss, and What I Wore Celebrates New Cast |url=https://playbill.com/article/photo-call-love-loss-and-what-i-wore-celebrates-new-cast-com-168851 |access-date=June 26, 2023 |website=[[Playbill (magazine)|Playbill]]}}</ref> Ta ci gaba da fitowa a fim din wasan kwaikwayo na siyasa na 2012 Grassroots . [[Fayil:Cobie_Smulders_(9448214924).jpg|alt=A brunette woman smiles at the camera|thumb|Smulders a 2013 San Diego Comic-Con]] Smulders ya sami ci gaba da karbuwa don fitowa a matsayin wakilin S.H.I.E.L.D. Maria Hill a cikin ikon mallakar Marvel Cinematic Universe, wanda ya fara da fim din wasan kwaikwayo na 2012 The Avengers . Ta sami horo daga mai horar da ƙungiyar SWAT ta Los Angeles don sarrafa bindigogi don nuna halin.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sacks |first=Ethan |date=April 29, 2012 |title='The Avengers': Scarlett Johansson & Cobie Smulders are superwomen of the screen |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/tv-movies/avengers-scarlett-johansson-cobie-smulders-superwomen-screen-article-1.1068023 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141007035303/http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/tv-movies/avengers-scarlett-johansson-cobie-smulders-superwomen-screen-article-1.1068023 |archive-date=October 7, 2014 |access-date=January 30, 2015 |website=[[Daily News (New York)|Daily News]]}}</ref> Smulders ya sake taka rawar a cikin abubuwa uku na jerin shirye-shiryen talabijin na ABC Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. (2013-2015), kuma a cikin fina-finai Kyaftin Amurka: Soja na Winter (2014), Avengers: Age of Ultron (2015), Avengers: Infinity War (2018), Avengers: Endgame (2019), da Spider-Man: Far From Home (2019).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Goldberg |first=Lesley |date=July 19, 2013 |title=Cobie Smulders' Comic-Con Reveal: Secret 'Agents of SHIELD' Role |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/cobie-smulders-comic-con-shield-583195 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141012165322/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/cobie-smulders-comic-con-shield-583195 |archive-date=October 12, 2014 |access-date=July 19, 2013 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref><ref name="Winter Soldier">{{Cite web |last=Graser |first=Marc |date=October 29, 2012 |title=Frank Grillo to play Crossbones in 'Captain America' sequel |url=https://variety.com/2012/film/news/frank-grillo-to-play-crossbones-in-captain-america-sequel-1118061391/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121101194207/http://www.variety.com/article/VR1118061391?refCatId=13 |archive-date=November 1, 2012 |access-date=March 15, 2022 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]}}</ref><ref name="Smulders">{{Cite web |last=Thompson |first=Bob |date=November 7, 2013 |title=Vancouver's Cobie Smulders is on a roll (with video) |url=https://calgaryherald.com/entertainment/celebrity/Vancouver+Cobie+Smulders+roll+with+video/9139948/story.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131108135209/http://www.calgaryherald.com/entertainment/celebrity/Vancouver%2BCobie%2BSmulders%2Broll%2Bwith%2Bvideo/9139948/story.html |archive-date=November 8, 2013 |access-date=November 7, 2013 |website=[[Calgary Herald]]}}</ref> A shekara ta 2013, ta bayyana a cikin wani labari na jerin wasan kwaikwayo na ''Comedy Bang! '' ''Bang!'' Smulders kuma ta fito a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya Safe Haven (2013), wasan kwaikwayo na Delivery Man (2013) da kuma wasan kwaikwayo na Soyayya They Came Together (2014). <ref name="nextmovie.com">{{Cite web |date=August 27, 2012 |title=Cobie Smulders Joins the 'Starbuck' Family |url=http://www.nextmovie.com/blog/cobie-smulders-starbuck/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120829021111/http://www.nextmovie.com/blog/cobie-smulders-starbuck/ |archive-date=August 29, 2012 |access-date=January 7, 2013 |website=NextMovie}}</ref> Smulders ya bayyana wani Lego version na Wonder Woman a cikin fim din 2014 mai suna The Lego Movie . Wannan shi ne karo na farko da halayen Wonder Woman ke da bayyanar fim.<ref>{{Cite web |date=February 5, 2014 |title=The LEGO Movie review |url=http://brickset.com/article/9976/the-lego-movie-review |access-date=March 24, 2018}}</ref> A watan Yulin 2015, an ruwaito cewa ta fice daga fim din talabijin Confirmation saboda ta karya kafa; An ''Tabbatar'' da Zoe Lister-Jones don maye gurbin ta a matsayin Harriet Grant . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Petski |first=Denise |date=July 9, 2015 |title=Zoe Lister-Jones Joins HBO Movie 'Confirmation' In Recasting |url=https://www.deadline.com/2015/07/zoe-lister-jones-hbo-movie-confirmation-recasting-cobie-smulders-1201472701/ |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> A cikin 2015, Smulders ta fito a cikin fim din wasan kwaikwayo Unexpected da kuma wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya Results . Ta kuma fito a cikin fim din ''Kasancewar Kanada'' kuma baƙo ya fito a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen [[NBC]] Best Time Ever tare da Neil Patrick Harris . A shekara ta 2016, ta bayyana a cikin wasan kwaikwayo mai ban dariya The Intervention tare da Melanie Lynskey, Natasha Lyonne, da Alia Shawkat da kuma fim din kasada Jack Reacher: Never Go Back, wanda ya kasance a gaban [[Tom Cruise]] . Smulders yana da rawar murya a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen HBO Animals (2016) da kuma jerin shirye-'shiryen PBS Kids Nature Cat (2017-2018). === Tun daga shekara ta 2017: Broadway debut da sauran rawar === A shekara ta 2017 ta fara fitowa a Broadway inda ta nuna Joanna Lyppiatt a cikin farfadowar wasan kwaikwayo na Noël Coward Present Laughter a gaban Kevin Kline . Marilyn Stasio na Variety ya yaba wa Smulders a cikin rawar da ya taka, "Smulders yana da kyakkyawan iska, Cowardian a cikin rawar, kuma yana sa kayan Susan Hilferty su yi kama da mafi ban sha'awa. " David Rooney na The Hollywood Reporter ya rubuta, "Sulders yana da ban sha'a; ita ce kwatancin ƙarshen-"30s elegance... tana ɗaukar kanta da daidaituwa da tabbaci". <ref>{{Cite web |date=April 5, 2017 |title='Present Laughter': Theater Review |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/lifestyle/arts/present-laughter-theater-2-991396/ |access-date=September 1, 2023 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> Don rawar da ta taka an girmama ta da lambar yabo ta gidan wasan kwaikwayo na duniya don fitowar Broadway mai ban sha'awa. An yi fim din wasan kwaikwayon tare da Great Performances kuma an nuna shi a kan PBS . <ref>{{Cite web |date=October 24, 2017 |title=Noël Coward's Present Laughter |url=https://www.pbs.org/wnet/gperf/noel-cowards-present-laughter-play/7531/ |access-date=September 1, 2023 |website=PBS}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 922b456j4xzztms2bis83s08n4lhhi6 0 95706 826560 705227 2026-04-26T07:51:09Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826560 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} E. Kitch Childs (an haife ta a ranar 11 ga watan Afrilu, na shekara ta 1937 - 10 ga Janairu, 1993) Masaniyar ilimin halayyar dan adam ce ta Amurka kuma mai fafutuka 'yan mata da akafi sani da shiga cikin yunkurin' yancin mata a Arewacin Amurka da kuma ba da shawara ga mata marasa rinjaye, [[karuwanci]], gays da [[Maɗigo|lesbian]]. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Pioneers of Black Mental Health #BHMMAC2023 |url=https://wellness.mcmaster.ca/pioneers-of-black-mental-health-bhmmac2023/ |access-date=2023-02-08 |website=Student Wellness Centre |language=en-US}}</ref> Ta kasance memba mai kafa Jami'ar [[Chicago]]'s Gay Liberation kuma mace ta farko ta Afirka ta Amurka da ta sami digiri na biyu a Ci gaban Dan Adam a Jami'ar Birnin Chicago. <ref> name=":0">{{Cite web |title=E. KITCH CHILDS |url=http://chicagolgbthalloffame.org/childs-e-kitch/ |access-date=2020-11-23 |publisher=Chicago LGBT Hall of Fame |language=en-US}}</ref><ref> name="Voices">{{Cite web |title=E. Kitch Childs |url=https://feministvoices.com/profiles/e-kitch-childs |access-date=2023-02-09 |website=Feminist Voices |language=en}}</ref> == Ilimi == Childs ta halarci Jami'ar Pittsburgh, kuma ta kammala karatu tare da digiri na farko a fannin ilmin sunadarai. Ta kasance mai basira sosai a fannin ilimi har ta cimma wannan a lokacin da take matashiya. Daga baya, Childs za ta halarci Jami'ar Chicago kuma ta sami Jagoran Kimiyya a Ci gaban Dan Adam a shekarar 1972. Ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin matan Afirka na farko da suka sami digiri na biyu daga Jami'ar Chicago, kuma a ci gaban ɗan adam. == Ayyuka == Bayan kammala karatunta, Childs ta shiga rundunar sojan ruwa ta Amurka.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Childs |first=Ellen |year=1966 |title=Careers in the Military Service: A Review of the Literature |journal=National Opinion Research Center, University of Chicago}}</ref> A shekara ta 1973, ta fara aikinta na farko a [[California]]Oakland, California inda ta yi aiki a matsayin likitan halayyar asibiti na tsawon shekaru 17 kafin ta kawo aikinta zuwa [[Amsterdam]] a shekarar 1990, inda ta wuce a 1993.<ref> name=":0">{{Cite web |title=E. KITCH CHILDS |url=http://chicagolgbthalloffame.org/childs-e-kitch/ |access-date=2020-11-23 |publisher=Chicago LGBT Hall of Fame |language=en-US}}</ref> Childs ta kasance majagaba a fagen ilimin halayyar dan adam, kasancewar tana ɗaya daga cikin masu warkarwa na farko da suka gudanar da zaman magani a gidanta da kuma gidajen abokan cinikinta.Tare da wannan hanyar da sauransu, Childs ta yi niyyar tallafawa mata baƙar fata kuma, ƙari, mata baƙar gay ta hanyar "halicci tsarin magani inda abokan cinikinta za su ji an haɗa su".<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Childs |first=E.K. |year=1990 |title=Therapy, Feminist Ethics, and the Community of Color with Particular Emphasis on the Treatment of Black Women |url=https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1990-98717-021 |journal=Feminist Ethics in Psychotherapy |pages=195–203 |via=APA PsychNet}}</ref> == Ƙungiyar Mata a cikin Ilimin Halitta == Childs ta kasance memba mai kafa kungiyar Association for Women in Psychology (AWP). <ref> name="CPT">{{Cite web |date=2022-02-10 |title=Black History Month, CPT Remembers Mental Health Practitioner and Advocate E. Kitch Childs, PhD |url=https://practicetransformation.umn.edu/news/mental-health-practitioner-and-advocate-e-kitch-childs-phd/ |access-date=2023-02-08 |website=Center for Practice Transformation |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Black Pioneers in Mental Health :: Committee on Diversity |url=https://blogs.uco.edu/diversity-committee/2022/02/10/black-pioneers-in-mental-health/ |access-date=2023-02-13 |website=blogs.uco.edu |archive-date=2023-02-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230213193952/https://blogs.uco.edu/diversity-committee/2022/02/10/black-pioneers-in-mental-health/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Childs da kuma wadanda suka kafa ta biyu, Phyllis Chesler da Dorothy Riddle, sun kafa AWP don magance rashin bincike a cikin ilimin halayyar mata. Da farko AWP kungiya ce ta mata masu ilimin halayyar dan adam da masu fafutuka waɗanda suka ba da shawara a cikin Ƙungiyar Harkokin Halayyar Jama'a ta Amurka (APA) don magance korafin mata, masu ilimin halayen dan adam, da masu ba da shawara. Yara sun yi amfani da wannan dandamali don ba da shawara ga mata masu warewa, wato mata baƙar fata da [[Maɗigo|'Yan mata]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Richardson |first=Wytress |date=2017-10-02 |title=Feminist Therapy Pioneer: E. Kitch Childs |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02703149.2017.1241562 |journal=Women & Therapy |language=en |volume=40 |issue=3–4 |pages=301–307 |doi=10.1080/02703149.2017.1241562 |issn=0270-3149 |s2cid=151657411}}</ref> Bugu da kari, ta yi kira ga APA da ta rinjayi canje-canje a hanyar da waɗannan rukunin ke bi da su a fannonin banki, magani, batutuwan shari'a, da tsarin ilimi. Ta fahimci cewa samun damar samun ingancin ayyukan ilimin halayyar dan adam yana samuwa ga waɗannan kungiyoyin da aka ware.<ref> name="Voices">{{Cite web |title=E. Kitch Childs |url=https://feministvoices.com/profiles/e-kitch-childs |access-date=2023-02-09 |website=Feminist Voices |language=en}}</ref> Ayyukan da APA ta goyi bayan sun ware waɗannan mata kuma sun inganta zaɓuɓɓukan magani waɗanda suka kasance masu nuna bambancin jinsi kuma ba su goyi bayan binciken da ke gudana a cikin ilimin halayyar mata ba.<ref>{{Cite web |title=History of Women in Psychology |url=https://online.maryville.edu/online-bachelors-degrees/psychology/resources/women-in-psychology/ |access-date=2023-02-08 |website=Maryville Online |language=en-US}}</ref> A shekara ta 1973 AWP ta kammala isasshen bincike a cikin ilimin halayyar mata wanda ya zama sananne a matsayin "Division 35" na APA. == Yunkurin fafutuka == Childs 'yar luwaɗi ce, kuma mai fafutuka a cikin wuraren da ba su da kyau, na mata da na baƙi.<ref name="CPT">{{Cite web |date=2022-02-10 |title=Black History Month, CPT Remembers Mental Health Practitioner and Advocate E. Kitch Childs, PhD |url=https://practicetransformation.umn.edu/news/mental-health-practitioner-and-advocate-e-kitch-childs-phd/ |access-date=2023-02-08 |website=Center for Practice Transformation |language=en-US}}</ref> Ta yi kira ga kawar da karuwanci ta hanyar shiga cikin kungiyar kare hakkin ma'aikatan jima'i ta COYOTE (Call Off Your Old Tired Ethics) da kuma kungiyoyin zamantakewar wariyar launin fata.<ref> name="Voices">{{Cite web |title=E. Kitch Childs |url=https://feministvoices.com/profiles/e-kitch-childs |access-date=2023-02-09 |website=Feminist Voices |language=en}}</ref> Ta kasance memba na kafa Jami'ar Chicago's Chicago Lesbian Liberation tare da Vernita Gray da [[Michal Brody]] . A lokacin, an kira kungiyar kungiyar Women's Caucus of Chicago Gay Liberation . Kungiyar ta taimaka wajen shirya alfahari ta farko a Birnin Chicago a shekarar 1970. Ta ba da magani ga mutanen LGBT, musamman wadanda ke fama da [[Kanjamau|cutar kanjamau]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Komar |first=Shreya |title=E. Kitch Childs was a pioneer in mental health |url=https://voyager-online.org/9814/features/e-kitch-childs-was-a-pioneer-in-mental-health/ |access-date=2023-02-03 |website=The Voyager}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-18 |title=Black Men and Women Who Shaped Mental Health Part 2 |url=https://www.fathersuplift.org/black-men-and-women-who-shaped-mental-health-part-2/ |access-date=2023-02-13 |website=Fathers' UpLift |language=en-US}}</ref> An shigar da Childs cikin Chicago LGBT Hall of Fame a 1993.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Induction Ceremonies, Chicago LGBT Hall of Fame – Gerber/Hart Library and Archives |url=https://www.gerberhart.org/induction-ceremonies-chicago-lgbt-hall-of-fame/ |access-date=2023-02-03 |website=gerberhart.org}}</ref> An ba da wannan girmamawa ne don nuna godiya ga kokarin da ta yi na rushe matsayin kungiyar American Psychiatric Association game da [[Jima'in jinsi|luwaɗi]], wanda aka jera a matsayin rikicewar tunani a cikin Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders har zuwa 1973.<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 February 2023 |title=Black Pioneers in Mental Health |url=https://summitsedgecounseling.com/read-me/2023/2/3/black-pioneers-in-mental-health |access-date=2023-02-08 |website=Summit's Edge Counseling |language=en-US |archive-date=2025-04-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250411221231/https://summitsedgecounseling.com/read-me/2023/2/3/black-pioneers-in-mental-health |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Littattafan wakilci == * Childs, E. K. (1966). ''Ayyuka a cikin Ayyukan Soja: Binciken Littattafai'' . Cibiyar Binciken Ra'ayi ta Kasa, Jami'ar Chicago. * Childs, E. K. (1972). Tsinkaya na Sakamakon a cikin Ƙungiyoyin Gamuwa: Sakamakon a matsayin Ayyuka na Zaɓuɓɓukan Mutum (Rubuce-rubuce na Dokta, Jami'ar Chicago, Kwamitin Ci gaban Dan Adam). * Childs, E. K. (1976). Annotated Bibliography on Prison Health Care. Shirin Lafiya na Fursunoni, Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta [[San Francisco]]. * Childs, E. K. (1990). Magani, ka'idojin mata, da al'ummar launi tare da mai da hankali kan maganin mata baƙi. A cikin H. Lerman & N. Porter (Eds.), ''Ka'idodin mata a cikin maganin kwakwalwa'' (shafi na 195-203). &nbsp;Kamfanin wallafe-wallafen Springer . <ref name="Voices">{{Cite web |title=E. Kitch Childs |url=https://feministvoices.com/profiles/e-kitch-childs |access-date=2023-02-09 |website=Feminist Voices |language=en}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1993]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1937]] abt8w35urlxc85wcwm3fqnevr2eblav 0 96405 826614 610151 2026-04-26T10:15:36Z Abdulrahman tahir shika 24962 Nayi gyara 826614 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Michelle Drouin''' mai bincike ce ta Amurka wadda take mai da hankali kan batutuwan halayyar dan adam da ke hulɗa da [[Dandalin Sada Zumunta|kafofin sada zumunta]] da fasahar sadarwa. Drouin mataimakin farfesa ne a fannin [[Ilimin halin dan Adam|ilimin halayyar dan adam]] a Jami'ar Indiana - Jami'ar Purdue Fort Wayne. == Bincike == Drouin ta yi nazarin yaudara a lokacin jima'i, da kuma yadda saƙonnin rubutu da jima'i ke shafar haɗin kai a cikin dangantaka tsakanin daliban koleji, da kuma tsakanin dangantakar manya. Ta sami alaƙa tsakanin tilasta yin jima'i da matsalolin lafiyar hankali, da kuma alaƙa tsakanin trolling Intanet da baƙin ciki. Ta bayyana yadda mutane a wasu lokuta suke amfani da [[Dandalin Sada Zumunta|kafofin watsa labarun]] don ci gaba ''da kasancewa da haɗin kai'' don ci gaba da raye-rayen abokan hulɗar soyayya na gaba. Yawancin bincikenta ya mayar da hankali kan shafukan sada zumunta irin su [[Fezbuk|Facebook]]; alal misali, ta gano cewa wasu mutane suna yin sabon salon soyayya ta hanyar abokantaka da mutane a Facebook. Ta yi nazari a kan batun girgizar fatalwar da yawancin masu amfani da wayar salula ke fuskanta inda ake ganin wayar za ta yi rawar jiki amma ba ta yi; Wani binciken da ta gudanar ya gano cewa kashi 89% na dalibai sun fuskanci girgizar fatalwa akalla sau daya a kowane mako biyu. Ta gano cewa mutane sun fi fuskantar girgizar al'amura idan suna sa ran za su mayar da martani cikin zuciya ga hanyoyin sadarwa masu shigowa. Binciken da ta yi ya gano cewa matasa gabaɗaya ba sa goyon bayan al'adar masu ɗaukar ma'aikata ta amfani da kafofin watsa labarun yayin yanke shawarar daukar aiki. == Manazarta == <ref name="twsPsychologyToday">{{cite web | url= http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/rewired-the-psychology-technology/201305/phantom-pocket-vibration-syndrome | title= Phantom Pocket Vibration Syndrome | publisher= Psychology Today | date= May 7, 2013 | access-date= Sep 10, 2014 | quote=...According to Dr. Michelle Drouin... 89% of the undergraduates in her study had experienced these phantom vibrations... | author= Larry Rosen, Ph.D }}</ref> <ref name="twsPsychologyToday2">{{cite web | url= http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/the-almost-effect/201407/the-enduring-phenomenon-back-burner-relationships | title= The Enduring Phenomenon of Back-Burner Relationships: Surprising research reveals the number of partners most of us have on reserve. | publisher= Psychology Today | date= July 21, 2014 | access-date= Sep 10, 2014 | quote=...“back burner," a term defined by psychologists Jason Dibble and Michelle Drouin... | author= Joseph Nowinski }}</ref> == Haɗin waje == * [http://drmichelledrouin.com/ Shafin yanar gizon hukuma] * [https://www.pfw.edu/departments/coas/depts/psychology/about/faculty/michelle-drouin-phd.html Shafin Michelle Drouin a Jami'ar Indiana-Jami'ar Fort Wayne] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203151753/https://www.pfw.edu/departments/coas/depts/psychology/about/faculty/michelle-drouin-phd.html |date=2023-12-03 }} [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1974]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] tri9berdulsuq5r5ehucl493sqezi8d 0 96512 826640 609312 2026-04-26T11:41:03Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826640 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elizabeth Addo''' (an haife ta 1 Satumba 1993) ƴar wasan [[Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa|ƙwallon ƙafa]] ce ta ƙasar Ghana wacce ke taka leda a kulob din Al-Riyadh na Saudiyya. Ita ce kuma kyaftin din tawagar kwallon kafar mata ta Ghana . <ref name=":9">{{Cite web |date=2020-10-01 |title=Elizabeth Addo: Black Queens captain joins Cypriot side Apollon Ladies FC |url=https://citisportsonline.com/2020/10/01/elizabeth-addo-black-queens-captain-joins-cypriot-side-apollon-ladies-fc/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210614213659/https://citisportsonline.com/2020/10/01/elizabeth-addo-black-queens-captain-joins-cypriot-side-apollon-ladies-fc/ |archive-date=14 June 2021 |access-date=2020-12-01 |website=Citi Sports Online |language=en-US}}</ref> == Aikin kulob == Addo ta fara aikinta ne a Ghana, inda ta taka leda a Tesano Ladies FC a shekara ta 2003 sannan ta sanya hannu a kungiyar Athleta Ladies FC wacce aka fi sani da "Ashaiman Ladies" dake Ashaiman a shekara ta 2007–2012. <ref name=":10">{{Cite web |date=20 May 2016 |title=Black Queens midfielder Elizabeth Addo wins Hungarian FA Cup title with Ferencvaros |url=http://ghanasportsonline.com/index.php/other-sports/item/8741-black-queens-midfielder-elizabeth-addo-wins-hungarian-fa-cup-title-with-ferencvaros |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160920201408/http://ghanasportsonline.com/index.php/other-sports/item/8741-black-queens-midfielder-elizabeth-addo-wins-hungarian-fa-cup-title-with-ferencvaros |archive-date=20 September 2016 |access-date=4 August 2016 |publisher=Ghana sportsonline}}</ref> Ta shafe shekaru biyu a can sannan ta koma [[Ɗan Nijeriya|kungiyar]] Rivers Angels FC daga 2012 zuwa 2014. Ayyukanta sun taimaka wa ƙungiyar ta lashe [[Gasar Firimiya ta Mata ta Najeriya|gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata ta Najeriya]] ta 2012–13 da 2013–14 [[Gasar Firimiya ta Mata ta Najeriya|Nigerian Football League]] a ƙarƙashin manajan Rivers Angels FC Edwin Okon. <ref name=":11">{{Cite web |title=Rivers Angels are Nigeria women league champions {{!}} Goal.com |url=https://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/4111/npfl/2014/11/27/6551141/rivers-angels-are-nigeria-women-league-champions |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220224143856/https://www.goal.com/en-ng/news/4111/npfl/2014/11/27/6551141/rivers-angels-are-nigeria-women-league-champions |archive-date=24 February 2022 |access-date=2020-12-13 |website=www.goal.com}}</ref> Matan Port Harcourt, sun kara ta biyu a minti na 56 da fara wasa, bayan da aka yi wata kyakkyawar mu’amala a cikin akwatin yadi 18 na Amazon da Addo ya ci. <ref name=":12">{{Cite web |date=15 September 2013 |title=Rivers Angels win Women Federation Cup |url=https://pmnewsnigeria.com/2013/09/15/rivers-angels-win-women-federation-cup/ |website=PM News Nigeria}}</ref> <ref name=":13">{{Cite web |date=2013-09-15 |title=Rivers Angels win 2013 Federation Cup - |url=https://theeagleonline.com.ng/rivers-angels-win-2013-federation-cup/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220620181826/https://theeagleonline.com.ng/rivers-angels-win-2013-federation-cup/ |archive-date=20 June 2022 |access-date=2020-12-13 |website=The Eagle Online |language=en-US}}</ref> Addo ya koma [[Ghana|Ghana ne]] a shekarar 2014 sannan daga baya ya koma kungiyar ŽFK Spartak Subotica a [[Serbiya|kasar Serbia]] a wannan shekarar. === Ferencvárosi TC, 2015-16 === A cikin 2015, Addo ya koma [[Turai]] kuma ya shiga giant Hungarian Ferencvárosi TC a [[Budapest]] [[Hungariya|Hungary]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 July 2015 |title=VIDEO: Black Queens midfielder Elizabeth Addo joins Hungarian Club Ferencvarosi |url=http://ghanasportsonline.com/index.php/other-sports/item/5375-video-black-queens-midfielder-elizabeth-addo-joins-hungarian-club-ferencvarosi |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160920210757/http://ghanasportsonline.com/index.php/other-sports/item/5375-video-black-queens-midfielder-elizabeth-addo-joins-hungarian-club-ferencvarosi |archive-date=20 September 2016 |access-date=4 August 2016 |publisher=Ghana sportsonline}}</ref> Ta kasance wani muhimmin ɓangare na ƙungiyar farko a ƙarƙashin manaja Balázs Dörnyei kuma ta lashe taken 2015–16 Hungarian Női NB I da gasar cin kofin mata ta Hungary a 2016. <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=MyJoyOnline |date=8 June 2016 |title=Black Queens midfielder wins double with Hungarian side |url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/sports/black-queens-midfielder-wins-double-with-hungarian-side/ |access-date=2020-12-04 |website=MyJoyOnline.com |language=en-US}}</ref> An dauki Addo a matsayin daya daga cikin manyan 'yan wasa uku na kungiyar. Ta buga wasannin lig 27 kuma ta zura kwallaye 17 inda ta taimakawa kungiyar ta lashe kofin Hungarian Női NB I League. <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 May 2016 |title=Black Queens midfielder Elizabeth Addo wins Hungarian Cup title with Ferencvaros FC |url=https://ghanasoccernet.com/black-queens-midfielder-elizabeth-addo-wins-hungarian-cup-title-with-ferencvaros-fc |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160818034912/https://ghanasoccernet.com/black-queens-midfielder-elizabeth-addo-wins-hungarian-cup-title-with-ferencvaros-fc |archive-date=18 August 2016 |access-date=4 August 2016 |publisher=Ghana Soccernet}}</ref> A minti na 89 ta zura kwallo a ragar abokiyar hamayyarta MTK wadda ta koma Ferencvárosi TC 1-1 MTK . Kwallon da ta zura a ragar ta ya taimaka wa kulob din ta samu tikitin shiga gasar cin kofin kalubale na kasar Hungary a bugun fanariti. Ta buga cikakken mintuna 90 domin kungiyar ta doke Honved da ci 5-0 a wasan karshe. <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 June 2016 |title=Black Queens midfielder wins double with Hungarian side |url=http://www.myjoyonline.com/sports/2016/June-8th/black-queens-midfielder-elizabeth-addo-wins-league-and-cup-double-with-hungarian-side-ferencvaros-fc.php |access-date=4 August 2016 |publisher=My Joyonline |archive-date=26 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226184242/http://www.myjoyonline.com/sports/2016/June-8th/black-queens-midfielder-elizabeth-addo-wins-league-and-cup-double-with-hungarian-side-ferencvaros-fc.php |url-status=dead }}</ref> Addo ya buga wa Club Ferencváros wasa a gasar zakarun mata ta UEFA ta 2015–16 kuma ya sanya na biyu a matakin rukuni. <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 July 2016 |title=Elizabeth Addo |url=http://www.uefa.com/womenschampionsleague/season=2016/clubs/player=250074070/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151103002438/http://www.uefa.com/womenschampionsleague/season=2016/clubs/player=250074070/index.html |archive-date=3 November 2015 |access-date=4 August 2016 |publisher=Ghana Soccernet}}</ref> A cikin 2016, Addo yana ɗaya daga cikin 'yan wasa uku da aka zaɓa don kyautar 2015-16 Női NB I Women Footballer of the Year. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ferencváros Women's Football |url=https://www.facebook.com/620793251314482/photos/ms.c.eJxFy8EJwEAIBMCOguu559p~;YwGD8TswMNGcUaGC8zwYkHtQdwFkltsAs0twoUvqB3UBBm50OVr4Cl5BKRtN.bps.a.1085025454891257.1073741967.620793251314482/1085025494891253/?type=3&theater |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200825161113/https://www.facebook.com/620793251314482/photos/ms.c.eJxFy8EJwEAIBMCOguu559p~;YwGD8TswMNGcUaGC8zwYkHtQdwFkltsAs0twoUvqB3UBBm50OVr4Cl5BKRtN.bps.a.1085025454891257.1073741967.620793251314482/1085025494891253/?type=3&theater |archive-date=25 August 2020 |access-date=4 August 2016 |website=[[Facebook]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ferencváros Women's Football |url=https://www.facebook.com/Ferencv%C3%A1ros-Womens-Football-620793251314482/photos/?tab=album&album_id=1085025454891257 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200826055136/https://www.facebook.com/Ferencv%C3%A1ros-Womens-Football-620793251314482/photos/?tab=album&album_id=1085025454891257 |archive-date=26 August 2020 |access-date=4 August 2016 |website=[[Facebook]]}}</ref> === Kvarnsvedens IK, 2016-2017 === A watan Agustan 2016, Kvarnsvedens IK Kvarnsvedens League ta Damallsvenskan ta rattaba hannu kan Addo wanda ya shiga kulob din a kyauta. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Elizabeth Addo joins Swedish side Kvarnsvedens IK on short-term deal |url=https://tv.ghanasoccernet.com/elizabeth-addo-joins-swedish-side-kvarnsvedens-ik-on-short-term-deal |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190129064053/https://tv.ghanasoccernet.com/elizabeth-addo-joins-swedish-side-kvarnsvedens-ik-on-short-term-deal |archive-date=29 January 2019 |access-date=2019-01-28 |website=GhanaSoccernet |language=en}}</ref> Addo ya buga wasanni 8 a gasar, inda ta zira kwallaye 5 a ragar Kvarnsvedens IK . Ta sanya sunan ta a Sweden Damallsvenskan Best XII na watan Satumba 2016. === Mulkin Seattle da lamuni zuwa Western Sydney Wanderers, 2018 === Addo ya sanya hannu kan kwangilar shiga Boston Breakers a cikin NWSL, duk da haka Breakers sun ninka gaba da kakar 2018. <ref>{{Cite web |date=31 January 2018 |title=Elizabeth Addo traded to Seattle Reign |url=http://footy-ghana.com/2018/01/elizabeth-addo-traded-americas-seattle-reign/ |access-date=7 July 2018 }}{{Dead link|date=April 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Sarautar Seattle ta zaɓe ta a cikin Tsarin Watsawa tare da zaɓi na 8th. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 January 2018 |title=Boston Breakers players taken in NWSL dispersal draft |url=https://www.thebentmusket.com/2018/1/30/16949204/boston-breakers-players-nwsl-dispersal-draft |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200910154404/https://www.thebentmusket.com/2018/1/30/16949204/boston-breakers-players-nwsl-dispersal-draft |archive-date=10 September 2020 |access-date=7 July 2018}}</ref> A kan 11 Oktoba 2018, Addo an sanya hannu kan rance ga Western Sydney Wanderers don W-League 2018 – 2019 kakar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 October 2018 |title=Wanderers sign Elizabeth Addo |url=https://www.wswanderersfc.com.au/news/wanderers-sign-elizabeth-addo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181017203349/https://www.wswanderersfc.com.au/news/wanderers-sign-elizabeth-addo |archive-date=17 October 2018 |access-date=17 October 2018}}</ref> === Jiangsu Suning === A watan Afrilun shekarar 2019, kungiyar Super League ta mata ta kasar Sin Jiangsu Suning ta rattaba hannu kan wata yarjejeniya ta shekara 1 bayan da ta rabu da Seattle Reign bayan da kwantiraginta ya kare inda ta koma tsohuwar abokiyar wasanta, [[Tabitha Chawinga]] a kulob din Kvarnsvedens na Sweden. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Laryea |first=Beatrice |title=Queens' captain Elizabeth Addo wins first trophy with Jiangsu Suning |url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/graphicsports/transfers/queens-captain-elizabeth-addo-wins-first-trophy-with-jiangsu-suning.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301070816/https://www.graphic.com.gh/graphicsports/transfers/queens-captain-elizabeth-addo-wins-first-trophy-with-jiangsu-suning.html |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=2020-12-02 |website=Graphic SPORTS |language=en-gb}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ghana star Elizabeth Addo joins Chinese Women's Super League side Jiangsu Suning {{!}} Goal.com |url=https://www.goal.com/en-gh/news/ghana-star-elizabeth-addo-joins-chinese-womens-super-league-side-/1psw9uzsejgff1oi8ts8l4hh58 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220620181831/https://www.goal.com/en-gh/news/ghana-star-elizabeth-addo-joins-chinese-womens-super-league-side-/1psw9uzsejgff1oi8ts8l4hh58 |archive-date=20 June 2022 |access-date=2020-12-01 |website=www.goal.com}}</ref> Zamanta da kulob din ya ƙare da sauri fiye da yadda ya kamata, abin takaici saboda [[Murar Mashaƙo 2019|cutar ta COVID-19]] a cikin 2020. Yayin da a kulob din ta buga wasanni 14, ta ci sau 5 sannan ta taimaka 10. <ref name=":1" /> A cikin gajeren wa'adin tare da kulob din ta lashe kofuna 4, gasar cin kofin mata ta kasar Sin, gasar cin kofin FA ta mata, gasar FA da kuma gasar cin kofin mata. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2019-11-17 |title=Elizabeth Addo wins fourth title with Chinese side Jiangsu Suning FC |url=https://ghanasoccernet.com/elizabeth-addo-wins-fourth-title-with-chinese-side-jiangsu-suning-fc |access-date=2020-12-01 |website=GhanaSoccernet |language=en}}</ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Ahmadu |first=Samuel |date=18 Nov 2019 |title=Addo and Chawinga win quadruple as Jiangsu Suning lift Chinese Women's Super Cup title {{!}} Goal.com |url=https://www.goal.com/en-gh/news/addo-and-chawinga-win-quadruple-in-china-as-jiangsu-suning/136wvm6qkgagx1qte6y3qmtz6w |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210806214851/https://www.goal.com/en-gh/news/addo-and-chawinga-win-quadruple-in-china-as-jiangsu-suning/136wvm6qkgagx1qte6y3qmtz6w |archive-date=6 August 2021 |access-date=2020-12-02 |website=www.goal.com}}</ref> Addo ta kasance jigon qungiyar da ta zo ta 2 a gasar zakarun mata ta AFC a kakar wasanta na farko. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Women's Club Championship 2019 {{!}} AFC |url=https://www.the-afc.com/competitions/afc-womens-club-championship/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201026191311/https://www.the-afc.com/competitions/afc-womens-club-championship/ |archive-date=26 October 2020 |access-date=2020-12-02 |website=the-AFC |language=en-GB}}</ref> === Mutane da sunan Apollon === Bayan taka leda na shekara guda a gasar Super League ta mata ta kasar Sin Addo, ta rattaba hannu a kungiyar Apollon Ladies FC ta kasar Cyprus ta farko a shekarar 2020. <ref name=":9"/> <ref name=":8">{{Cite web |title=Elizabeth Addo: Ghana midfielder signs for Apollon Limassol {{!}} Goal.com |url=https://www.goal.com/en/news/elizabeth-addo-ghana-midfielder-signs-for-apollon-limassol/plvrwhm613gx11vgkgpb5ktbn |access-date=2020-12-02 |website=www.goal.com}}</ref> Addo ta fara buga wasanta na farko a kungiyar Apollon Ladies FC ta Cyprus a ranar 4 ga Nuwamba 2020 a wasan da suka doke Swansea da ci 3-0 a gasar cin kofin zakarun Turai na mata na farko. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-11-06 |title=Elizabeth Addo plays debut game for Apollon Ladies FC |url=https://pfag.com.gh/index.php/2020/11/06/elizabeth-addo-plays-debut-game-for-apollon-ladies-fc/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128014645/https://pfag.com.gh/index.php/2020/11/06/elizabeth-addo-plays-debut-game-for-apollon-ladies-fc/ |archive-date=28 November 2020 |access-date=2020-12-01 |website=The Professional Footballers Association of Ghana (PFAG) |language=en-US}}</ref> === Karfin hali na North Carolina, 2021 === A ranar 18 ga Janairu 2021, Addo ya koma Amurka bayan ƙaura zuwa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Mata ta Arewacin Carolina a kan yarjejeniyar shekara ɗaya, tare da zaɓi na tsawaita watanni 12. === Djurgårdens IF === A cikin Afrilu 2021, ta shiga Djurgårdens IF . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Officiellt: Djurgården värvar landslagsspelare |url=https://www.fotbollskanalen.se/damallsvenskan/officiellt-djurgarden-varvar-landslagsspelare-2/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326213223/https://www.fotbollskanalen.se/damallsvenskan/officiellt-djurgarden-varvar-landslagsspelare-2/ |archive-date=26 March 2023 |access-date=26 March 2023}}</ref> Ta bar kungiyar bayan kakar wasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Djurgården bekräftar: Fyra spelare lämnar |url=https://www.fotbollskanalen.se/sverige/djurgarden-bekraftar-fyra-spelare-lamnar/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326213225/https://www.fotbollskanalen.se/sverige/djurgarden-bekraftar-fyra-spelare-lamnar/ |archive-date=26 March 2023 |access-date=26 March 2023}}</ref> Ta buga wasanni 20 kuma ta ci kwallo daya a Damallsvenskan ga kungiyar. <ref>{{Soccerway|135334}}</ref> === Beşiktaş === A cikin Maris 2022, Addo ya rattaba hannu a kungiyar Beşiktaş ta Turkiyya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 March 2022 |title=Elizabeth Addo: Former Black Queens captain signs for Besiktas- 11th foreign club |url=https://ghanasoccernet.com/elizabeth-addo-former-black-queens-captain-signs-for-besiktas-11th-foreign-club |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230512000342/https://ghanasoccernet.com/elizabeth-addo-former-black-queens-captain-signs-for-besiktas-11th-foreign-club |archive-date=12 May 2023 |access-date=13 September 2023 |publisher=Ghanasoccernet.com}}</ref> === Al Hilal === A cikin Disamba 2022, Addo ya shiga kulob din Premier League na Mata na Saudiyya Al Hilal . <ref>{{Cite web |date=31 December 2022 |title=Elizabeth Addo joins Saudi Arabia club Al Hilal Ladies |url=https://footballghana.com/elizabeth-addo-joins-saudi-arabia-club-al-hilal-ladies |publisher=Footballghana.com}}</ref> == Ayyukan kasa da kasa == === Kungiyar matasa === Addo ya kasance cikakken dan wasan Ghana tun 2007. A lokacin da take da shekaru 14, ta yi tauraro tare da tawagar 'yan kasa da shekaru 14 a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata na FIFA U-14 na 2007 da aka gudanar a Switzerland kuma ta jagoranci tawagar zuwa wasan karshe kuma a karshe gasar zakarun Turai. Ta zama kyaftin din Ghana a gasar cin kofin duniya na mata na 'yan kasa da shekaru 17 da aka gudanar a [[New Zealand]] a 2008 kuma ta kasance mataimakiyar kyaftin ga tawagar 'yan mata 'yan kasa da shekaru 17 ta Ghana (Black Maidens) a gasar cin kofin duniya na mata na FIFA U-17 na 2010 2010 . <ref>{{Cite web |title=My Best Is Yet To Come- Elizabeth Addo |url=http://www.sportscrusader.com/my-best-is-yet-to-come-elizabeth-addo/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417185022/http://www.sportscrusader.com/my-best-is-yet-to-come-elizabeth-addo/ |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=13 August 2016}}</ref> <ref name=":10"/> Addo yana cikin tawagar 'yan wasan kasar da suka fafata a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata na 'yan kasa da shekaru 20 na 2010 da aka gudanar a [[Jamus]] <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ghana 2 – 0 Switzerland |url=https://www.fifa.com/u20womensworldcup/matches/round=253537/match=300125160/index.html#nosticky |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100724062714/http://www.fifa.com/u20womensworldcup/matches/round=253537/match=300125160/index.html#nosticky |archive-date=24 July 2010 |access-date=4 August 2016}}</ref> kuma ta fafata a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata 'yan kasa da shekaru 20 da aka gudanar a [[Japan]] na 2012. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ghana 0 – 1 Germany |url=https://www.fifa.com/u20womensworldcup/matches/round=258175/match=300200437/index.html#nosticky |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120825032752/http://www.fifa.com/u20womensworldcup/matches/round=258175/match=300200437/index.html#nosticky |archive-date=25 August 2012 |access-date=4 August 2016}}</ref> === Babban tawagar === Har ila yau, ta kasance cikin tawagar 'yan wasan kasar da suka fafata a gasar neman cancantar shiga gasar cin kofin mata ta Afirka ta 2014 . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ethiopia 0 – 2 Ghana |url=http://www.cafonline.com/en-us/competitions/awc2014qualifiers(2014)/MatchDetails?MatchId=v3H47%2fmdYKL9sbE6HX68hjL%2b74yCSG71JY6eQK6C%2fXTl0Cu4s8pCx7heGGeVSqCw |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161104195633/http://www.cafonline.com/en-us/competitions/awc2014qualifiers(2014)/MatchDetails?MatchId=v3H47%2fmdYKL9sbE6HX68hjL%2b74yCSG71JY6eQK6C%2fXTl0Cu4s8pCx7heGGeVSqCw |archive-date=4 November 2016 |access-date=4 August 2016}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ghana 3 – 0 Ethiopia |url=http://www.cafonline.com/en-us/competitions/awc2014qualifiers(2014)/MatchDetails?MatchId=OzEiQu%2biCzOO9ZxCOnpJ1LEbUJ9%2bVAquVIAZbF37LOGXSpquQxe1Lye9sfgZAt19 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161104193927/http://www.cafonline.com/en-us/competitions/awc2014qualifiers(2014)/MatchDetails?MatchId=OzEiQu%2biCzOO9ZxCOnpJ1LEbUJ9%2bVAquVIAZbF37LOGXSpquQxe1Lye9sfgZAt19 |archive-date=4 November 2016 |access-date=4 August 2016}}</ref> Ta kasance cikin Ghana Squared wadda ta kara da Kamaru a wasan neman tikitin shiga gasar Olympics ta Rio 2016 a filin wasa na Accra Sports -Ghana <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 June 2015 |title=Yusif Bassigi invites 22 Black Queens to prepare for 2016 Olympics Games qualifier against Cameroon |url=https://ghanasoccernet.com/yusif-bassigi-invites-22-black-queens-to-prepare-for-2016-olympics-games-qualifier-against-cameroon |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160818100843/https://ghanasoccernet.com/yusif-bassigi-invites-22-black-queens-to-prepare-for-2016-olympics-games-qualifier-against-cameroon |archive-date=18 August 2016 |access-date=4 August 2016 |website=social_image}}</ref> Ta buga wasan sada zumunci da Jamus a ranar 22 ga Yuli 2016. 12 Afrilu 2016, ta taka muhimmiyar rawa a Ghana ta cancantar shiga gasar cin kofin Afirka ta mata na 2016 . Ta jagoranci tawagar Ghana a matsayin kyaftin zuwa matsayi na uku a gasar cin kofin Afrika ta mata na 2016 . Ta lashe lambobin yabo na mutum biyu a gasar kuma ta zura kwallaye 3 a gasar inda ta zama ta 3 da ta fi zura kwallo a raga kuma ta fi zura kwallo a ragar tawagar Ghana. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-12-13 |title=Black Queens coach Yusif Basigi backs Elizabeth Addo to win 2016 Africa Female Footballer of the year |url=https://ghanasoccernet.com/black-queens-coach-yusif-basigi-backs-elizabeth-addo-to-win-2016-africa-female-footballer-of-the-year |access-date=2020-12-02 |website=GhanaSoccernet |language=en}}</ref> Sakamakon cin zarafi da ta yi a gasar an sanya ta a cikin tawagar gasar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 December 2016 |title=2016 Women's AFCON: Linda Eshun and Elizabeth Addo make tournament best eleven team |url=https://footballghana.com/2016-womens-afcon-linda-eshun-elizabeth-addo-make-tournament-best-eleven-team |access-date=2020-12-02 |website=Footballghana |language=en}}</ref> Ta kasance cikin tawagar 'yan wasan Ghana da za ta halarci gasar cin kofin nahiyar Afirka ta mata na 2018 da aka shirya a Ghana. A watan Maris din shekarar 2020, ta kasance cikin tawagar Ghana da ta halarci gasar cin kofin mata ta Turkiyya ta 2020 wanda gasar gayyata ce ta mata a kowace shekara da ake bugawa a Turkiyya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Turkish Women's Cup: Ghana have a fair knowledge of Chile – Tagoe {{!}} Goal.com |url=https://www.goal.com/en-cm/news/turkish-womens-cup-ghana-have-a-fair-knowledge-of-chile/1a6gw5g86curm1rmzbbpprbatu |access-date=2020-12-04 |website=www.goal.com}}</ref> Ta jagoranci kungiyar zuwa matsayi na 2 a rukuninsu <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |last=Association |first=Ghana Football |title=Turkish Women's Cup: Queens beat Kenya to finish second |url=https://www.ghanafa.org/turkish-womens-cup-queens-beat-kenya-to-finish-second |access-date=2020-12-04 |website=www.ghanafa.org |language=en}}</ref> yayin da ta sanya ta 3 a gaba daya a gasar ta lashe lambar tagulla da kofi. <ref name=":6" /> <ref name=":7">{{Cite web |title=Ghana 3–1 Kenya: Addo at the double as Black Queens silence Harambee Starlets {{!}} Goal.com |url=https://www.goal.com/en-cm/news/ghana-3-1-kenya-addo-at-the-double-as-black-queens-silence/omke03rtoo481o2dkq0o9b3ny |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211018184933/https://www.goal.com/en-cm/news/ghana-3-1-kenya-addo-at-the-double-as-black-queens-silence/omke03rtoo481o2dkq0o9b3ny |archive-date=18 October 2021 |access-date=2020-12-04 |website=www.goal.com}}</ref> == Manufar kasa da kasa == {| class="wikitable" !A'a. ! Kwanan wata ! Wuri ! Abokin hamayya ! Ci ! Sakamako ! Gasa |- | 1. | Afrilu 12, 2015 | Rufaro Stadium, [[Harare]], [[Zimbabwe]] |{{Fbw|ZIM}} | align="center" | '''2-1''' | align="center" | 2–2 | 2015 cancantar wasannin Afirka |- | 2. | 20 Nuwamba 2018 | Accra Sports Stadium, [[Accra]], [[Ghana]] |{{Fbw|MLI}} | align="center" | '''1-1''' | align="center" | 1-2 | Gasar cin kofin Afrika ta mata na 2018 |- |} == Girmamawa == '''Rivers Mala'iku''' * [[Gasar Firimiya ta Mata ta Najeriya|Gasar Premier Matan Najeriya]] : 2014 <ref name=":11"/> * [[Gasar cin Kofi ta Matan Najeriya|Kofin Aiteo]] : 2013, <ref name=":12"/> <ref name=":13"/> 2014 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Rivers Angels retain Fed Cup – Nigeria – Women |url=https://africanfootball.com/news/483724/Rivers-Angels-retain-Fed-Cup |access-date=2020-12-13 |website=African Football}}</ref> '''Ferencváros''' * Női NB I : 2015-16 <ref name=":5"/> * Nöi Magyar Kupa : 2015–16 <ref name=":5" /> '''Jiangsu Suning''' * Super League na mata na kasar Sin : 2019 <ref name=":0"/> * Kofin FA na mata na kasar Sin: 2019 <ref name=":2"/> * Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Sin: 2019 <ref>{{Cite web |last=llc |first=Online media Ghana |title=Elizabeth Addo Scores Brace As Jiangsu Suning Beat Guangdong Meizhou To Lift Chinese League Cup :: Ghana Olympic Committee |url=https://ghanaolympic.org/?item=6625 |access-date=2020-12-04 |website=ghanaolympic.org |language=en-US}}</ref> * Kofin Super na matan Sin: 2019 <ref name=":2" /> * Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta AFC : 2019 <ref>{{Cite web |title=MD3: Jiangsu Suning defeat Incheon Hyundai to finish second {{!}} Football {{!}} News {{!}} Women's Club Championship 2019 |url=https://www.the-afc.com/competitions/afc-womens-club-championship/latest/news/md3-jiangsu-suning-defeat-incheon-hyundai-to-finish-second |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210806214854/https://www.the-afc.com/competitions/afc-womens-club-championship/latest/news/md3-jiangsu-suning-defeat-incheon-hyundai-to-finish-second |archive-date=6 August 2021 |access-date=2020-12-04 |website=the-AFC |language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chawinga's brace helps Jiangsu Suning end AFC Women's Club Championship as runners-up {{!}} Goal.com |url=https://www.goal.com/en-gh/news/chawingas-brace-helps-jiangsu-suning-end-afc-womens-club/eyfvegc40tep132ncytmdra87 |access-date=2020-12-04 |website=www.goal.com}}</ref> '''Ghana''' * Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Afirka a matsayi na uku: 2016 * Gasar Cin Kofin Mata ta Turkiyya a matsayi na uku: 2020 <ref name=":7"/> '''Mutum''' * Gasar Cin Kofin Mata na Afirka 2016 ''':''' Mafi XI <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 December 2016 |title=2016 Women's AFCON: Linda Eshun and Elizabeth Addo make tournament best eleven team |url=https://footballghana.com/2016-womens-afcon-linda-eshun-elizabeth-addo-make-tournament-best-eleven-team |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220620181827/https://footballghana.com/2016-womens-afcon-linda-eshun-elizabeth-addo-make-tournament-best-eleven-team |archive-date=20 June 2022 |access-date=2020-12-02 |website=Footballghana |language=en}}</ref> * Gwarzon Kwallon Mata na Ghana: 2019 <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kapoor |first=Daraja Jr. |date=2020-10-10 |title=45th SWAG Awards: Elizabeth Addo named Women's Footballer of the Year |url=https://footballmadeinghana.com/2020/10/10/swag-awards-elizabeth-addo-named-womens-footballer-of-the-year/ |access-date=2020-12-01 |website=Football Made in Ghana |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-10-11 |title=45th SWAG Awards: Elizabeth Addo wins Women's Footballer of the Year |url=https://ghananewspage.com/45th-swag-awards-elizabeth-addo-wins-womens-footballer-of-the-year/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027130454/https://ghananewspage.com/45th-swag-awards-elizabeth-addo-wins-womens-footballer-of-the-year/ |archive-date=27 October 2020 |access-date=2020-12-01 |website=Ghana News Page |language=en-US}}</ref> * Gwarzon 'yan wasan Afirka na shekarar 2016: Top 3 <ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-01-05 |title=Ghana Elizabeth Addo misses out on 2016 CAF Women's Player of the Year Award |url=https://ghanasoccernet.com/ghana-elizabeth-addo-misses-out-on-2016-caf-womens-player-of-the-year-award |access-date=2020-12-02 |website=GhanaSoccernet |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=2016 CAF AWARDS: And the winner is... – 2016 CAF Confederation Cup – Nigeria – Women |url=https://africanfootball.com/news/676464/2016-CAF-AWARDS-And-the-winner-is |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124131442/https://africanfootball.com/news/676464/2016-CAF-AWARDS-And-the-winner-is |archive-date=24 November 2020 |access-date=2020-12-02 |website=African Football}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ghanafa.org |title=Black Queens skipper in CAF Best Player shortlist |url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/graphicsports/football/black-queens-skipper-in-caf-best-player-shortlist.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200918114135/https://graphic.com.gh/graphicsports/football/black-queens-skipper-in-caf-best-player-shortlist.html |archive-date=18 September 2020 |access-date=2020-12-02 |website=Graphic SPORTS |language=en-gb}}</ref> * Gwarzon 'yan wasan Afirka na shekarar 2018: Top 10 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nominees for all Caf 2018 Awards revealed {{!}} Goal.com |url=https://www.goal.com/en-gh/news/nominees-for-all-caf-2018-awards-revealed/9s1xi5lu3lx417r3exsfxpbdz |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220620181826/https://www.goal.com/en-gh/news/nominees-for-all-caf-2018-awards-revealed/9s1xi5lu3lx417r3exsfxpbdz |archive-date=20 June 2022 |access-date=2020-12-02 |website=www.goal.com}}</ref> * Gwarzon 'yan wasan Afrika na shekarar 2019: Manyan 10 <ref>{{Cite web |last=Football |first=CAF-Confedération Africaine du |title=List of Nominees for CAF Awards 2019 announced |url=https://www.cafonline.com/news-center/news/list-of-nominees-for-caf-awards-2019-announced |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210122061003/https://www.cafonline.com/news-center/news/list-of-nominees-for-caf-awards-2019-announced |archive-date=22 January 2021 |access-date=2020-12-01 |website=CAFOnline.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-11-25 |title=Black Queens captain Elizabeth Addo delighted to make CAF Women's Footballer of the year shortlist |url=https://ghanasoccernet.com/black-queens-captain-elizabeth-addo-delighted-to-make-caf-womens-footballer-of-the-year-shortlist |access-date=2020-12-01 |website=GhanaSoccernet |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 November 2019 |title=Elizabeth Addo nominated for 2019 Africa women's player award |url=https://footballghana.com/elizabeth-addo-nominated-for-2019-africa-womens-player-award |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220620181826/https://footballghana.com/elizabeth-addo-nominated-for-2019-africa-womens-player-award |archive-date=20 June 2022 |access-date=2020-12-01 |website=Footballghana |language=en}}</ref> * Kungiyar Mata ta IFFHS CAF na Shekaru Goma  2011-2020 <ref>{{Cite web |date=28 January 2021 |title=IFFHS Women's CAF Team Decade 2011–2020 |url=https://www.iffhs.com/index.php/posts/925 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230402080022/https://iffhs.com/index.php/posts/925 |archive-date=2 April 2023 |access-date=7 August 2023 |website=The International Federation of Football History & Statistics ([[IFFHS]])}}</ref> == Nassoshi == {{reflist|2}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1993]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] qisu0t6dtzj0o8oknjz8nnnlxfon0vo 0 96759 826243 609189 2026-04-25T13:33:27Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826243 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Comfort Annor''' (1949 - 22 Fabrairu 2015) mawaƙin [[Ghana]] ce da aka sani da muryarta mai sanyaya zuciya, wacce ta saba tsakanin mezzo-soprano da contralto a cikin 1990s. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Online |first=Peace FM |title=Veteran Gospel Musician Comfort Annor Cries For Help!...Kidney And Liver Almost Gone |url=http://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/showbiz/news/201502/232840.php |access-date=2016-08-08 |archive-date=2016-10-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006092414/http://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/showbiz/news/201502/232840.php |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Myjoyonline.com |title=Ghana News - Veteran gospel musician Comfort Annor has died |url=http://www.myjoyonline.com/entertainment/2015/february-22nd/veteran-gospel-musician-comfort-annor-is-dead.php |access-date=2016-08-08 |website=www.myjoyonline.com |archive-date=2019-07-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190724090741/http://www.myjoyonline.com/entertainment/2015/february-22nd/veteran-gospel-musician-comfort-annor-is-dead.php |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Haihuwa da mutuwa == Annor, wanda aka fi sani da Ama Otu Be, ya kasance shugaban Cocin Fentikos kuma ya fito daga Adukrom a [[Yankin Tsakiya (Ghana)|yankin tsakiyar]] [[Ghana]] . Ta haifi 'ya'ya bakwai. <ref name="auto">{{Cite web |last=Online |first=Peace FM |title=Comfort Annor To Be Buried On May 30 |url=http://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/showbiz/news/201504/238039.php |access-date=2016-08-08 |archive-date=2016-10-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006092523/http://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/showbiz/news/201504/238039.php |url-status=dead }}</ref> Annor ya mutu a ranar 22 ga Fabrairu 2015 a Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, yana da shekaru 66. <ref>{{Cite web |last=adomonline.com |title=Ghana News - Veteran musician Comfort Annor is dead |url=http://www.ghana-news.adomonline.com/entertainment/2015/february-22nd/veteran-musician-comfort-annor-is-dead.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160917175301/http://www.ghana-news.adomonline.com/entertainment/2015/february-22nd/veteran-musician-comfort-annor-is-dead.php |archive-date=2016-09-17 |access-date=2016-08-08 |website=www.ghana-news.adomonline.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-02-22 |title=OBITUARY: Gospel musician Comfort Annor DEAD{{!}} ENewsGh |url=http://enewsgh.com/2015/02/22/obituary-gospel-musician-comfort-annor-dead/ |access-date=2016-08-08 |website=Proudly Ghanaian! {{!}} ENewsGh |archive-date=2016-09-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160918022657/https://enewsgh.com/2015/02/22/obituary-gospel-musician-comfort-annor-dead/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref name="auto"/> Ba a bayyana dalilin da ya sa ba, kodayake tana da ciwon hanta da koda tun Oktoba 2014. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ghanaian Gospel Musician Comfort Annor Has Died |url=http://www.africanseer.com/news/400120-ghanaian-gospel-musician-comfort-annor-has-died.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160809104503/http://www.africanseer.com/news/400120-ghanaian-gospel-musician-comfort-annor-has-died.html |archive-date=2016-08-09 |access-date=2016-08-08 |website=AfricanSeer.com}}</ref> == Wakoki == Wakokin Comfort sun hada da "Asaase Dahɔ Gyan", "W'awo Me ɔba", "Abraham Sarah", "Mewo Agyapadeɛ" da "Hena Na W'aye".<ref>{{cite web|title=Gospel musician Comfort Annor has died|url=http://www.graphic.com.gh/entertainment/music/gospel-musician-comfort-annor-has-died.html|website=Graphic.com|publisher=Graphic online|accessdate=8 August 2016}}</ref> Babban kundinta shine "Dom Hene", wanda aka saki a 2006 tare da waƙoƙi goma.<ref>{{cite web|title=Dom Hene|url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/dom-hene/367823393|website=Itunes|access-date=8 August 2016}}</ref> == Magana == [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1949]] [[Rukuni:Matattun 2015]] pywtbm2onxyrnhpx0btd4rs8ny60xss 0 96841 826326 600966 2026-04-25T18:38:06Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826326 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Danna C. Bell''' ta kasance mai adana bayanai kuma mai kula da ɗakin karatu a [[Dakin Karatu na Congres|Laburaren Majalisa]] . Bell ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban kungiyar Society of American Archivists daga 2013 zuwa 2014 kuma ta yi aiki na Kwamitin Ba da Shawara kan Tarihin Majalisa.<ref> name="National Archives 2016">{{Cite web |date=2016-08-15 |title=Advisory Committee |url=https://www.archives.gov/legislative/cla/advisory-committee |access-date=2020-01-14 |website=National Archives}}</ref><ref> name="Pres">{{Cite web |title=Presidents {{!}} Society of American Archivists |url=https://www2.archivists.org/history/leaders/presidents |access-date=2019-11-13 |website=www2.archivists.org}}</ref> An gayyaci Bell zuwa abubuwan da suka faru na kasa da kasa da kuma tarurruka kan tarihin da tarin na musamman, gami da ARL / SAA Mosaic Program Leadership Forum a cikin 2016.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ARL/SAA Mosaic Program Leadership Forum Promotes Diversity in Archives, Special Collections Profession |url=https://www.arl.org/news/arl-saa-mosaic-program-leadership-forum-promotes-diversity-in-archives-special-collections-profession/ |access-date=2020-01-08 |website=Association of Research Libraries |language=en-US}}</ref> Ta kasance mai aiki a cikin sana'ar adana bayanai da rubutu da magana game da muhimmancin aikin adana bayanai.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bell |first=Danna |date=Spring 2015 |title=MARAC Plenary Speech |url=https://marac.memberclicks.net/assets/documents/maracspring2015p2.pdf |journal=Mid-Atlantic Archivist |volume=44 |issue=2 }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Ilimi == Bell ta sami digiri na farko a cikin gwamnati da digiri na biyu a cikin ma'aikatan ɗaliban koleji daga Jami'ar Miami, wanda ta halarta daga 1978 zuwa 1984.<ref> name="Job">{{Cite web |last=Maloney |first=Wendi A. |date=2017-03-09 |title=My Job at the Library: Connecting Teachers with Primary Sources {{!}} Library of Congress Blog |url=https://blogs.loc.gov/loc/2017/03/my-job-at-the-library-connecting-teachers-with-primary-sources/?loclr=fbloc |access-date=2019-11-13 |website=blogs.loc.gov}}</ref> Ta sami MLIS daga Jami'ar Long Island . <ref>name="SoAA">{{Cite web |title=Danna Bell {{!}} Society of American Archivists |url=https://www2.archivists.org/prof-education/faculty/danna-bell |access-date=2019-11-13 |website=www2.archivists.org}}</ref> == Ayyuka == A cikin 1990, Bell ta fara aiki a Jami'ar Marymount a matsayin mai kula da ɗakin karatu da mai tsarawa.<ref name="SoAA">{{Cite web |title=Danna Bell {{!}} Society of American Archivists |url=https://www2.archivists.org/prof-education/faculty/danna-bell |access-date=2019-11-13 |website=www2.archivists.org}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www2.archivists.org/prof-education/faculty/danna-bell "Danna Bell | Society of American Archivists"]. ''www2.archivists.org''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-11-13</span></span>.</cite></ref> A shekara ta 1993, ta bar Marymount kuma ta fara aikinta na shekaru hudu a Gundumar Columbia a matsayin mai adana bayanai.<ref> name="LinkedIn">{{Cite web |title=Danna Bell |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/danna-bell-7801a68 |access-date=November 13, 2019 |website=LinkedIn}}</ref> Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai kula da ɗakin karatu na daidaito na kasa kafin ta zama mai ba da shawara a Kwalejin Shari'a ta Jami'ar Amurka. A cikin 1998, ta shiga Library of Congress, inda ta yi aiki a wurare da yawa. Mafi mahimmanci, ta yi aiki a matsayin memba na Digital Reference Team kuma a matsayin Kwararren Ilimi.<ref name="SoAA" /> Ayyukanta sun bayyana a cikin tsarin koyarwa na Cibiyar Kula da Talauci ta Kudancin.<ref name="Teaching Tolerance 2014">{{Cite web |date=2014-06-26 |title=The Civil Rights Act of 1964 – Titles II and III: The Right to Go Where You Want |url=https://www.tolerance.org/magazine/the-civil-rights-act-of-1964-titles-ii-and-iii-the-right-to-go-where-you-want |access-date=2020-01-14 |website=Teaching Tolerance}}</ref> Ta rubuta takardu da yawa, litattafai, da labarai game da aikinta kuma ta gabatar a taron farko na Society of American Archivists da Mid-Atlantic Regional Archives Conference (MARAC). <ref name="SoAA"/> Ita ce mai tsara samarwa don Koyarwa tare da shafin yanar gizon Library of Congress . <ref name="Job">{{Cite web |last=Maloney |first=Wendi A. |date=2017-03-09 |title=My Job at the Library: Connecting Teachers with Primary Sources {{!}} Library of Congress Blog |url=https://blogs.loc.gov/loc/2017/03/my-job-at-the-library-connecting-teachers-with-primary-sources/?loclr=fbloc |access-date=2019-11-13 |website=blogs.loc.gov}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFMaloney2017">Maloney, Wendi A. (2017-03-09). [https://blogs.loc.gov/loc/2017/03/my-job-at-the-library-connecting-teachers-with-primary-sources/?loclr=fbloc "My Job at the Library: Connecting Teachers with Primary Sources | Library of Congress Blog"]. ''blogs.loc.gov''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-11-13</span></span>.</cite></ref> Bell ya yi aiki a matsayin mai bita ga ''Jaridar Laburaren'', Nazarin Media na Ilimi a kan layi, da Cibiyar Bayar da Tarihin Jama'a.<ref name="SoAA" /> Bell ya koyar da darasi "Real-World Reference: Moving Beyond Theory for the Society of American Archivists (SAA). <ref name="SoAA" /> A matsayinsa na Shugaban kungiyar American Archivists, Bell ya yi aiki don hada kowa da kowa. A cikin gabatarwa, mahaifiyarta, Marlyn Jews, ta ce game da Bell: "Ta yi aiki don kasancewa cikin ci gaban manufofi da manufofi ga [SAA]. Kuma ta goyi bayan waɗannan manufofi. "<ref name="Intro">{{Cite journal |date=Spring–Summer 2015 |title=Introduction to President Danna C. Bell |journal=The American Archivist |language=EN |volume=78 |issue=1 |pages=7–8 |doi=10.17723/0360-9081.78.1.7 |issn=0360-9081 |doi-access=free}}</ref> === Haɗin kai === Bell ta kasance memba mai aiki na Society of American Archivists a duk lokacin da take aiki. Ta yi aiki kuma ta jagoranci kwamitoci da yawa, gami da Kwamitin Nominations da Elections, Sashen Bayani, Samun dama da Outreach, da Majalisar SAA. <ref name="SoAA"/> Daga 2013 zuwa 2014, ta yi aiki a matsayin shugaban SAA na 69.<ref name="Pres">{{Cite web |title=Presidents {{!}} Society of American Archivists |url=https://www2.archivists.org/history/leaders/presidents |access-date=2019-11-13 |website=www2.archivists.org}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www2.archivists.org/history/leaders/presidents "Presidents | Society of American Archivists"]. ''www2.archivists.org''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-11-13</span></span>.</cite></ref> Bell ta kuma shiga cikin taron Tarihin Yankin Mid-Atlantic (MARAC). A lokacin aikinta, ta yi aiki a kwamitoci da yawa, ciki har da a matsayin shugabar kungiyar kwararru daga 2009 zuwa 2011. Bell ta shiga cikin kungiyoyin al'umma da coci da kuma kananan hukumomi.<ref name="Intro"/> Ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabanci a wasu kungiyoyi da kungiyoyi da yawa.<ref name="Job"/> Ta kasance memba na kwamitin The Woodrow Wilson Presidential Library & Museum, gami da aiki a matsayin sakatariya.<ref name="RDB">{{Cite web |last=Wesson |first=Stephen |title=Remembering Danna Bell |url=https://blogs.loc.gov/teachers/2024/12/remembering-danna-bell/ |access-date=2 March 2025 |website=Teaching with the Library Blog |publisher=Library of Congress}}</ref> <ref name="WWPLM">{{Cite web |title=Governance |url=https://www.woodrowwilson.org/governance |access-date=2 March 2025 |website=Woodrow Wilson Presidential Library & Museum Governance}}</ref> === Mutuwa === Bell <ref>{{Cite web |title=Facebook post |url=https://www.facebook.com/alan.vervaeke/posts/pfbid02zp7BP1Jx3nb8teK2B5ycdUgt1oMvg4gLQoh8sTXzBoJv1ZDi3FEFgU97mpYsrCJol |access-date=2024-12-01}}</ref> ta mutu a watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2024 bayan ya kamu da cutar huhu mai tsanani sakamakon COVID-19, a cewar wani sakon da aka raba a Facebook. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] nuxlgd790lotjiq0wd7j9m2aav84uyw 0 97316 826244 603709 2026-04-25T13:36:36Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826244 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Concepción Picciotto (an haife shi María de la Inmaculada Concepción Martín ; 15 Janairu 1936 - 25 Janairu 2016), kuma aka sani da Conchita ko Connie, ɗan ƙasar Sipaniya ne, ɗan fafutukar zaman lafiya na tushen Amurka . Ta zauna a Lafayette Square, Washington, DC, a kan 1600 block of Pennsylvania Avenue, a cikin wani sansanin zaman lafiya kusa da Fadar White House, daga 1 Agusta 1981 don nuna rashin amincewa da makaman nukiliya har mutuwarta. [1] [2] Picciotto ta ci gaba da gudanar da zanga-zangar siyasa mafi dadewa a cikin Amurka, tare da sansaninta da magoya bayanta suka yi mata lakabi da "1601 Pennsylvania Avenue". <ref>{{Cite web |title=The President's Neighbor |url=http://www.prop1.org/conchita |access-date=27 January 2016 |website=prop1.org}}</ref> Eleanor Holmes Norton, wakilin DC a Majalisar Wakilai, ya lura da cewa yawancin burin Picciotto sun cika a lokacin zanga-zangar ta, ciki har da raguwar yaduwar kwayar cutar . == Rayuwa == Picciotto ya yi iƙirarin cewa an yi marayu a Spain kuma wata kakar ta girma. Bayan ta yi hijira zuwa Amurka a 1960, ta yi aiki a matsayin mai karbar baki ga wani hadimin kasuwanci na gwamnatin Spain a New York. Ta auri wani ɗan ƙaura na Italiya (wanda ba a san sunan sa ba) kuma ta zauna a sashin Gravesend na Brooklyn, New York . An ba da rahoton cewa ta ɗauki wata jaririya, Olga, a Argentina a cikin 1973. Picciotto ya sami wahayi daga ɗan'uwan ɗan gwagwarmaya William Thomas (ya mutu 23 Janairu 2009), wanda asali ya fara Vigil na Fadar White House a ranar 3 ga Yuni 1981. Sun fara zanga-zangar ne a bakin titi da shingen fadar White House. Dokokin Sabis na National Park sun motsa su a kan titin Pennsylvania. An yanke mata hukuncin daurin kwanaki 90 saboda saba ka'ida. Ana motsa su don faretin farko. A lokacin rayuwarta membobin Occupy Peace House ne suka taimaka mata inda ta zauna. An ba da rahoton cewa tana tattaunawa da Ellen Thomas don ci gaba da zama a cikin Peace House, wani gida a Washington DC wanda Thomas ya gada daga mijinta, William Thomas. == Mutuwa == [[File:Connie_Picciotto_2012.jpg|right|thumb| Concepcion Picciotto a cikin 2012]] Picciotto ta mutu a ranar 25 ga Janairu, 2016, kwanaki 10 bayan cikarta shekaru 80, a N Street Village, wata kungiya mai zaman kanta da ke tallafawa mata marasa gida a Washington. Har yanzu dai ba a san musabbabin mutuwar ba amma ta fuskanci faduwar dakika kafin rasuwarta. == Bayyanuwa == An nuna Picciotto a cikin fim ɗin Michael Moore na 2004, ''Fahrenheit 9/11'' . ''The Oracles of Pennsylvania Avenue'' (2012) ta Tim Wilkerson, wani shirin da aka ba da izini ta hanyar Al Jazeera Documentary Channel, ya ba da labarin rayuwar Picciotto, William da Ellen Thomas, da Norman Mayer . <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 April 2012 |title=The Oracles of Pennsylvania Avenue |url=http://aje.me/HHwQcE |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120710053132/http://aje.me/HHwQcE |archive-date=10 July 2012 |publisher=Al Jazeera World}}</ref> == Duba kuma == * Jerin sunayen masu fafutukar zaman lafiya * Brian Haw, wani dan kasar Ingila mai zanga-zangar da ya zauna a irin wannan sansanin zaman lafiya a dandalin majalisar dokokin London na tsawon shekaru goma, daga 2001 har zuwa mutuwarsa a 2011. * Gino Strada, mai zanga-zangar Italiyanci da likita, wanda ya kafa ''gaggawa'', kungiya mai zaman kanta don ceton rayukan mutane a duniya. == Manazarta == {{Clear}}{{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://dcist.com/2005/08/dcist_interview.php Tattaunawa da Concepción Picciotto] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160129053421/http://dcist.com/2005/08/dcist_interview.php |date=2016-01-29 }}, dcist.com; samu 27 January 2016. [https://www.washingtonpost.com/sf/feature/wp/2013/05/02/connie-picciotto-has-kept-vigil-near-the-white-house-for-32-years-why-and-at-what-cost "Connie Picciotto ta ci gaba da tsaro a kusa da fadar White House tsawon shekaru 32. Me ya sa kuma a wane farashi?"], ''Washington Post'', Mayu 2, 2013 * [https://archive.org/stream/ConcepcionPicciotto/Concepcion-Picciotto-FBI-File_djvu.txt Fayil na FBI na Concepción Picciotto] * [https://archives.tricolib.brynmawr.edu/resources/scpc-dg-275 Takardun Concepción Picciotto] a Kwalejin Zaman Lafiya ta Swarthmore [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2016]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1936]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] k5c8y22v0dk4u02abqqf77pkqmmkv8y 0 97353 826638 603909 2026-04-26T11:33:01Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826638 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:ERotten-NewEducationFellowship-cropped.png|thumb]] '''Elisabeth Friederike Rotten''' (15 Fabrairu 1882, Berlin - 2 Mayu 1964) yar gwagwarmayar zaman lafiya ta Quaker ce kuma mai ci gaban ilimi . == Rayuwa == A matsayinta na ma'auratan Swiss Moritz da Luise Rotten, ta halarci "höhere Mädchenschule Luisenschule" a lokacin 1888-1898, daga baya ta yi karatu a Victoria-Lyzeum Berlin daga 1904. A cikin Satumba 1906 ta ɗauki Reifeprüfung a Kaiserin Augusta-Gymnasium Charlottenburg . Ta sauke karatu a cikin ilimin falsafa da harshen Jamusanci da adabi a Heidelberg, Berlin, Marburg da Montpellier . A Marburg ta sadu da Hermann Lietz da Gustav Wyneken, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga ci gaban tunaninta na gaba. A cikin 1913 ta buga karatun digirinta na PhD a ƙarƙashin taken "Goethes Urphänomen und die platonische Idee" ( Goethe 's "Urphänomen" da kuma manufar Platonic) a Marburg. A 1913 ta fara koyarwa a Jami'ar Cambridge akan adabin Jamusanci. A 1914 ta koma Berlin kuma ta yi aiki a "Auskunfts- und Hilfsstelle für Deutsche im Ausland und Ausländer a Deutschland" tare da farfesa Friedrich Siegmund-Schultze . A cikin wannan shekarar ta haɗu da kafa " Bund Neues Vaterland ", daga baya " Jamus League for Human Rights ". A cikin 1915 ta yi tafiya a matsayin wakili a Majalisar Mata ta Duniya ta 1 a [[Hague]] kuma ta yi aiki don kafa "Internationalen Frauenliga für Frieden und Freiheit" (Ƙungiyar Mata ta Duniya don Zaman Lafiya da 'Yanci). A cikin 1922, tare da Beatrice Ensor da Adolphe Ferrière ta kafa Sabuwar Fellowship Fellowship, ta zama mataimakiyar shugabanta na ƙasashe masu magana da Jamusanci da editan mujallarta na Jamusanci, wanda a ƙarshe ya zama mai suna ''Das Werdende Zeitalter'' . Daga 1922 an haɗa ta da gonar makaranta, Schulfarm Insel Scharfenberg, wanda Wilhelm Blume ya fara a Berlin kuma ta kasance mai yawan baƙo a Odenwaldschule wanda aka kafa a 1910 ta hanyar gyara ilimi Paul Geheeb . A cikin 1925, Rotten da Adolphe Ferrière sun zama mataimakan darektoci na farko na Ofishin Ilimi na Duniya (IBE), inda suka ba da tallafi ga darektan Pierre Bovet . Har ila yau, abokiyar mai mulkin kama karya ne, Gustav Landauer, wanda shi ne Ministan Al'adu a cikin gajeren lokaci na Munich Soviet (ko "Jamhuriyar Majalisar") na 1919 kafin a kashe shi bayan an danne shi da karfi. Daga 1926 har zuwa 1932, Rotten ya raba editan mujallar ''Das Werdende Zeitalter'' tare da Karl Wilker, masanin ilimin zamantakewa wanda ya canza Lindenhof a Berlin. Sunan wannan mujalla ya samo asali ne daga abin da aka ba wa tarin kasidu na Landauer, wanda abokinsa, masanin falsafa Martin Buber, ya buga a 1921. A cikin 1930, Rotten ya kafa makaranta a Hellerau kusa da Dresden, inda aka kafa garin lambu ba da daɗewa ba bayan 1900 a matsayin wani ɓangare na yunkurin sake fasalin da ke ba da shawarar gidaje na zamani. == Duba kuma == * Jerin sunayen masu fafutukar zaman lafiya == Littafi Mai Tsarki == * Dietmar Haubfleisch: ''Schulfarm Insel Scharfenberg.'' ''Mikroanalyse der reformpädagogischen Unterrichts- und Erziehungsrealität einer demokratischen Versuchsschule im Berlin der Weimarer Jamhuriyar'' (=Studien zur Bildungsreform, 40). Frankfurt a 2001. <br /><br /><br /><br /> [http://archiv.ub.uni-marburg.de/sonst/1999/0008/inhalt.html Inhaltsverzeichnis und Vorwort des Herausgebers der Reihe "Studien zur Bildungsreform"] * Dietmar Haubfleisch: ''Elisabeth Rotten (1882 - 1964) - eine (sauri) vergessene Reformpädagogin'' . A cikin Inge Hansen-Schaberg (ed.): ''"etwas erzählen".'' ''Die lebensgeschichtliche Dimension in der Pädagogik.'' ''Bruno Schonig zum 60.'' ''Geburtstag'' . Baltmannsweiler 1997, S. 114-131. - Babar. Agusta. Daga Weglassung der Abb. : Marburg 1997:<br /><br /><br /><br /> http://archiv.ub.uni-marburg.de/sonst/1996/0010.html * Dietmar Haubfleisch: ''Elisabeth Rotten (1882 - 1964) - ein Quellen- und Literaturverzeichnis'' . Marburg 1997.<br /><br /><br /><br /> http://archiv.ub.uni-marburg.de/sonst/1997/0010.html * Das Werdende Zeitalter (Internationale Erziehungs-Rundschau). Yi rijista sämtlicher Aufsätze und Rezensionen einer reformpädagogischen Zeitschrift a cikin der Weimarer Jamhuriyar. Zusammengestellt und eingeleitet von Dietmar Haubfleisch und Jörg-W. Link (= Archivhilfe, 8), Oer-Erkenschwick 1994; Auszug der Einleitung (S. 5-16) wieder a cikin: Mitteilungen & Materialien. Arbeitsgruppe Pädagogisches Museum eV, Berlin, Heft Nr. 42/1994, S. 97-99; Einleitung in leicht korr. Fassung udT: 'Dietmar Haubfleisch da Jörg-W. Link: Einleitung zum Register der reformpädagogischen Zeitschrift 'Das Werdende Zeitalter' ('Internationale Erziehungs-Rundschau')' wieder: Marburg 1996:<br /><br /><br /><br /> http://archiv.ub.uni-marburg.de/sonst/1996/0012.html == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * Elisabeth Rotten in the German National Library catalogue (1) * Elisabeth Rotten in the German National Library catalogue (2) * [http://paed.com/rotten Lebenslauf, ausgewählte Quellen und Literatur zu Elisabeth Rotten bei paed.com] * [http://www.frauenwiki.de/index.php/Elisabeth_Rotten Elisabeth Rotten im Frauenwiki] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220315022231/http://www.frauenwiki.de/index.php/Elisabeth_Rotten |date=2022-03-15 }} * [http://archiv.ub.uni-marburg.de/sonst/1996/0010.html Data] *   [[Rukuni:Haihuwar 1882]] [[Rukuni:Mutuwar 1964]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] lsj50fkjigpkmby5gbv2k13l3l1tblz 0 97363 826339 604008 2026-04-25T20:38:01Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826339 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Davinia Esther Anyakun''' (an haife ta a ranar 19 ga watan Afrilu 1976) 'yar siyasa ce 'yar [[Uganda|ƙasar Uganda]]. Ta kasance mace ' yar majalisa mai wakiltar Nakapiripirit tun daga shekarar 2016, akan tikitin jam'iyyar siyasa ta National Resistance Movement. <ref name="1R">{{Cite web |last=Mercy Nalugo |date=15 April 2016 |title=New female MPs: what will they stand for |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/Magazines/Full-Woman/New-female-MPs--What-will-they-stand-for-/689842-3160932-j7rrmk/index.html |access-date=4 May 2024 |website=[[Daily Monitor]]}}</ref> An fara zabyar Anyakun a majalisa ta 10 (2016-2021). An sake zaɓen ta a watan Fabrairun 2021, zuwa Majalisa ta 11 (2021-2026). An naɗa ta Ƙaramar Ministar Agaji, Shirye-shiryen Bala'i da 'Yan Gudun Hijira, a Ofishin Firayim Minista, a cikin watan Yuni 2021. <ref name="2R">{{Cite web |last=[[Uganda Radio Network]] |date=9 June 2021 |title=New Cabinet: Museveni drops Kutesa, 10 ministers |url=https://www.independent.co.ug/new-cabinet-museveni-drops-kutesa-10-ministers/ |access-date=4 May 2024 |website=[[The Independent (Uganda)]]}}</ref> A wani sauyi da aka yi a majalisar ministoci a watan Maris 2024, an mayar da ita ma’aikatar kwadago a matsayin ƙaramar ministar aiyuka da hulɗar masana’antu. <ref name="3R">{{Cite web |last=Max Pat |date=25 March 2024 |title=Meet the new faces in Cabinet |url=https://kampalapost.com/content/meet-new-faces-cabinet |access-date=4 May 2024 |website=The Kampala Post |archive-date=23 January 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250123055004/https://kampalapost.com/content/meet-new-faces-cabinet |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Tarihi da ilimi == An haife ta a ranar 19 ga watan Afrilu 1976 a gundumar Nakapiripirit a yankin Karamoja, a yankin Arewacin Uganda. Ta halarci makarantar firamare ta kwana ta Nkoyoyo kuma ta yi nasarar kammala jarrabawar firamare a shekarar 1991. Daga nan ta halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Kangole inda ta samu shaidar karatun ta na Uganda a shekarar 1995.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Esther Anyakun |url=https://ug.linkedin.com/in/esther-anyakun-a2034789 |access-date=8 March 2019 |website=[[LinkedIn.com]]}}</ref> Daga nan sai ta koma Mbale Secondary School inda a shekarar 1999, ta kammala karatun digiri na uku a Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education ko A-Level (daidai da Diploma na Sakandare).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Esther Anyakun |url=https://ug.linkedin.com/in/esther-anyakun-a2034789 |access-date=8 March 2019 |website=[[LinkedIn.com]]}}</ref> Shekaru uku bayan haka, "Makerere Institute for Social Development" ya ba ta Diploma a Ayyukan zamantakewa da Gudanar da zamantakewa. Daga nan ta samu Diploma a fannin kula da lafiya daga [[Jami'ar Kirista ta Uganda|Jami’ar Kirista ta Uganda]] da ke Mukono.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Esther Anyakun |url=https://ug.linkedin.com/in/esther-anyakun-a2034789 |access-date=8 March 2019 |website=[[LinkedIn.com]]}}</ref> A shekarar 2009, ta sami digiri na farko a fannin fasaha da kayan aiki daga [[Jami'ar Nkumba]]. Daga baya, ta kammala karatu a [[Eastern and Southern African Management Institute|Cibiyar Gudanarwa ta Gabas da Kudancin Afirka]] (ESAMI) tare da digiri na MBA.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Esther Anyakun |url=https://ug.linkedin.com/in/esther-anyakun-a2034789 |access-date=8 March 2019 |website=[[LinkedIn.com]]}}</ref> == Farkon aiki == Anyukan ta fara aikin ta ne daga Asibitin Amudat a shekarar 2004 a matsayin babbar mai kula da asibitin wanda ta yi har zuwa shekarar 2010.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Esther Anyakun |url=https://ug.linkedin.com/in/esther-anyakun-a2034789 |access-date=8 March 2019 |website=[[LinkedIn.com]]}}</ref> A shekara ta 2010 ta shiga ƙungiyar ƙaura ta duniya a matsayin jami'ar ayyuka. A cikin shekarar 2013 ta fara aiki tare da Agricultural Cooperative Debelopment International/Voluteers in Overseas Cooperative Assistance da kuma Amurka Agency for International Development a matsayin mai gudanarwa na yanki har zuwa shekara ta 2015. A cikin 2016 an zaɓe ta zuwa Majalisar Dokokin Uganda a gundumar Nakapiripit.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Esther Anyakun |url=https://ug.linkedin.com/in/esther-anyakun-a2034789 |access-date=8 March 2019 |website=[[LinkedIn.com]]}}</ref> == Aikin siyasa == Anyakun ita ce mace ‘yar majalisa mai wakiltar Nakapiripiriti. Ta shiga majalisar dokokin Uganda ne a watan Mayun 2016 tana neman tikitin jam'iyyar National Resistance Movement. A majalisa, tana aiki ko kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin memba na kwamitin lissafin jama'a da kwamitin kula da harkokin waje. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Parliament of Uganda |url=https://www.parliament.go.ug/mp_database/profile.php?mid=208 |access-date=14 March 2019}}</ref> Ita ma memba ce a kungiyar 'yan majalisar dokokin Uganda (UWOPA). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Members of UWOPA of 10th Parliament {{!}} Uganda Women Parliament Association |url=http://uwopa.or.ug/content/members-uwopa-10th-parliament |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418030533/http://uwopa.or.ug/content/members-uwopa-10th-parliament |archive-date=18 April 2021 |access-date=14 March 2019 |website=UWOPA Organization}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Anyakun ita ce mahaifiyar 'ya ɗaya, Challa Elma Kapel, wacce aka ba wa sarautar Miss Tourism Uganda a shekarar 2017.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/artsculture/Reviews/MP-s-daughter-crowned-Miss-Tourism/691232-4151764-o8nbqk/index.html |title=MP's Daughter Crowned Miss Tourism |work=[[Daily Monitor]] |date=23 October 2017 |author=Esther Oluka |access-date=5 May 2024 | location=Kampala, Uganda}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1976]] 8za39j2u7lu6hikzi52mrg2d876du0d 0 98279 826418 780397 2026-04-26T05:53:07Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826418 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Jamkaran.007.jpg|thumb|Yin maimaita Du'a Nudba a Masallacin Jamkaran.]] '''Du'a Nudba''' (Arabic) tana daya daga cikin manyan addu'ar [[Shi'a|Shia]] game da [[Muhammad al-Mahdi|Imam Al-Mahdi]] da sake bayyanawa. Nudba ana nufin kuka kuma Shi'a sun karanta addu'ar don neman taimako da sake bayyana Imam Al-Mahdi da wuri. Ana maimaita addu'ar a lokacin [[Sallar Idi ƙarama|Eid al-Fitr]], Eid al'Adha, Eid a-Ghadeer, da kuma kowace Jumma'a da safe.<ref name="Dungersi">{{cite book|author=Mohammed Raza Dungersi|title=A Brief Biography of Imam Muhammad bin Hasan (a.s.): al-Mahdi|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SolkAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA41|publisher=Bilal Muslim Mission|pages=41–|id=GGKEY:0J21Y4GWY0X}}</ref> Mazar al-Kabir, Mazar al'Ghadim, da Mesbaho al-Zaer an ba da labarin addu'ar. Masu goyon baya sun ce an rubuta waɗannan littattafan tare da masu ba da labari irin su Sayyed Ibn Tawus . Muhammad Baqir Majlisi ya rubuta wannan addu'a a Zaad-ul-Maad daga [[Liman|Imam]] [[Jafar as-Sadiq|Ja'far al-Sadiq]] . Har ila yau, Albazofari, mutumin da ke zaune a cikin ƙaramin ɓoye, ya ba da labari daga Wakilan Imam Mahdi guda huɗu cewa Imam Mahdi ya ce ya karanta addu'ar.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Authenticity of Du'a Nudba |url=http://library.tebyan.net/fa/Viewer/Text/64508/1 |website=library.tebyan.net }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Koyaya akwai wata babbar makarantar tunani da ke da'awar rashin sahihancin Dua.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Institute |first=Al Mahdi |date=2018-03-04 |title=SSF: The Authenticity & Efficacy of Dua Tawassul and Dua Nudbah |url=https://www.almahdi.edu/ssf-the-authenticity-efficacy-of-dua-tawassul-and-dua-nudbah/ |access-date=2024-06-25 |website=Al-Mahdi Institute |language=en-US |archive-date=2024-06-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240625075027/https://www.almahdi.edu/ssf-the-authenticity-efficacy-of-dua-tawassul-and-dua-nudbah/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Addu'ar ta fara ne ta hanyar ɗaukaka da yabon Allah da kuma aika zaman lafiya da albarka a kan Annabi da zuriyarsa. Ya ci gaba da bayyana manufar zabar annabawa da tsarkaka da kuma gaskiyar cewa Allah ne ya nada su. Daga nan sai ya ci gaba zuwa ga maye gurbin Imam Ali (a) kuma ya nuna marmarin ƙarshe marar kuskure daga zuriyar Annabi, Imam al-Mahdi (a), yana nuna halayen da suka ware shi daga duk wani mai da'awar ƙarya. Ba kamar masu zamba ba, zai kafa zaman lafiya da jin daɗi da gaske, aiwatar da adalci da daidaito a cikin hanyar da ba a gani ba, ba alama ba. Imam Mahdi (a) zai rama jinin shahidai na Karbala, cika alkawarin Allah na adalci. == Manazarta a cikin matani na Baha'i == Du'a Nudba, wanda aka ambata a cikin [[Bahá'u'lláh]]'s ''Kitáb-i-Íqán'', yana aiki ne a matsayin shaida ga ikon da ba a musanta shi ba na Bayyanawar Allah don sabunta Dokokin addini - soke tsofaffi, tabbatar da sababbin, kuma a ƙarshe kafa sabuwar addini. Wadannan layi daga Du'a an ƙayyade su don kwatanta wannan batu: "Ina yake Wanda aka adana don sabunta dokoki da dokoki? Ina yake da ikon canza Bangaskiya da mabiyanta?" <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=The Kitáb-i-Íqán {{!}} Bahá'í Reference Library |url=https://www.bahai.org/library/authoritative-texts/bahaullah/kitab-i-iqan/9#376656772 |access-date=2023-09-24 |website=www.bahai.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Dua Nudba / The Supplication of Lamentation |url=http://www.qul.org.au/library/duas-supplications/410-dua-nudba-the-supplication-of-lamentation |access-date=2023-09-24 |website=www.qul.org.au}}</ref> [[Bahá'u'lláh]] ya ce:<blockquote>"Lura, ta yaya, duk da waɗannan da irin waɗannan al'adun, [waɗanda suka musanta sabon Bayyanawa] suna jayayya cewa dokokin da aka bayyana a baya dole ne a canza su ba. Kuma duk da haka, ba batun kowane Ru'ya ta Yohanna ba ne don aiwatar da canji a cikin dukan halin ɗan adam, canji wanda zai bayyana kansa, a waje da ciki, wanda zai shafi rayuwarsa ta ciki da yanayin waje? Domin idan ba a canza halin ɗan adam ba, rashin amfani da Bayyanawar Allah ta duniya zai kasance a bayyane. "<ref name=":0"/></blockquote> == Duba kuma == * Dua Al-Ahd * Dua Al-Faraj * Du'a Kumayl * Mujeer Du'a * Jawshan Saqeer * Du'a Abu Hamza al-Thumali * Du'a al-Sabah == Manazarta == <references /> == Haɗin waje == * [http://www.qul.org.au/library/duas-supplications/410-dua-nudba-the-supplication-of-lamentation Abun ciki na Dua Nudba] knmuppyj8d1wjke78vf8m44hl3l7vr8 0 98286 826506 725552 2026-04-26T07:38:05Z Pharouqenr 25549 826506 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Koleka Putuma''' (an haife ta a Port Elizabeth, 22 Maris 1993) mawaƙiya ce ta [[Afirka ta Kudu]] kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo. An zaɓe ta a matsayin daya daga cikin mata masu tasiri a kasar Okay Africa a shekarar 2019. == Tarihin rayuwa == An haifi Putuma a Port Elizabeth, Afirka ta Kudu, a cikin 1993. Ta yi karatu don digiri na BA a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo da wasan kwaikwayo a [[Jami'ar Cape Town]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma {{!}} Badilisha Poetry – Pan-African Poets |url=https://badilishapoetry.com/coco-putuma/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=badilishapoetry.com}}</ref> A shekara ta 2016, an ba ta lambar yabo ta rubuce-rubucen ɗaliban PEN don waka mai suna "Ruwa".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mulgrew |first=Nick |title=Water by Koleka Putuma {{!}} PEN South Africa |url=https://pensouthafrica.co.za/water-by-koleka-putuma/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-US}}</ref> Ana amfani da wannan waka a makarantu a matsayin tunatarwa cewa samun ruwa siyasa ne, tarihi da launin fata.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma: Water - Classroom - Art & Education |url=https://www.artandeducation.net/classroom/video/288707/koleka-putuma-water |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.artandeducation.net |language=en |archive-date=2020-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200111113912/https://www.artandeducation.net/classroom/video/288707/koleka-putuma-water |url-status=dead }}</ref> Jigogi masu maimaitawa a cikin aikin Putuma sune soyayya, queerness, gwagwarmayar mulkin mallaka da gadon wariyar launin fata, <ref>{{Cite web |title=PARSE |url=https://parsejournal.com/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=parsejournal.com |language=en-US}}</ref> da kuma haɗuwa da shugabanci tare da waɗannan ra'ayoyin da ainihi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 February 2017 |title=Koleka Putuma Talks Poetry Post-Patriarchy and Black Joy |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/koleka-putuma-talks-poetry-post-patriarchy-and-black-joy_uk_5c7e9763e4b078abc6c12232?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAAvrOm9Zp9hL5YJr49l1ilehUZhghF1AipxgX9A7YRVE5RqGLR8_KZg4nPuo-59iNR7jnpwDMF84L7wlQl7XpCLqg9trAVRyj_Kj44WOH5OUhXrZaN6243NqhQxpv14pRa5cpwJr9sjrgd6wcO2GXNdc587E07d0f-b3wwB0f1Uz |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=consent.yahoo.com}}</ref> Tana aiki a matsayin mai gabatar da gidan wasan kwaikwayo don Design Indaba kuma tana zaune a Cape Town. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Design Indaba appoints Koleka Putuma as theatre producer |url=https://www.bizcommunity.com/Article/196/415/185637.html |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.bizcommunity.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Poetry On The Road {{!}} May 22 – 27 2019 Koleka Putuma |url=http://www.poetry-on-the-road.com/authors/koleka-putuma/?lang=en |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421054015/http://www.poetry-on-the-road.com/authors/koleka-putuma/?lang=en |archive-date=21 April 2021 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.poetry-on-the-road.com}}</ref> === ''Amnesia ta Jama'a'' === Putuma first came to global attention with the publication of her poetry collection ''Collective Amnesia'', published by the South African poetry press uHlanga in 2017.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma, Collective Amnesia |url=http://uhlangapress.co.za/koleka-putuma-collective-amnesia |access-date=2021-08-09 |website=uHlanga |language=en-US}}</ref> It was released with complementary photography by Cape Town-based photographer Andy Mkosi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma's poems of celebration, grief and rage |url=https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2017-04-04-koleka-putumas-poems-of-celebration-grief-and-rage/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}{{Dead link|date=May 2023}}</ref> Within three months of its release, the book sold 2000 copies, had 17 launches across South Africa and was on the syllabus at two universities.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mkhabela |first=Sabelo |date=2017-07-22 |title=Koleka Putuma Is the Groundbreaking New Voice of South African Poetry |url=https://medium.com/@SabzaMK/koleka-putuma-is-the-groundbreaking-new-voice-of-south-african-poetry-d9cbed7feeed |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Medium |language=en}}</ref> After eight months, it had sold more than 5000 copies and Putuma had given performances of it across three continents.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gantsho |first=Vangile |date=2017-12-01 |title=Collective Amnesia, Koleka Putuma: reviews |url=https://journals.co.za/content/journal/10520/EJC-f65066330 |journal=New Coin Poetry |language=en |volume=53 |issue=2 |pages=77–80 |issn=0028-4459}}</ref> Its Spanish translation by Lawrence Schimel and [[Arrate Hidalgo]] was published in 2019,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Murua |first=James |author-link=James Murua |date=2018-11-19 |title=Koleka Putuma poetry collection "Collective Amnesia" now in Spanish. |url=https://www.writingafrica.com/koleka-putuma-poetry-collection-collective-amnesia-now-in-spanish/ |access-date=2024-05-11 |website=Writing Africa |language=en-GB}}</ref> and a Danish translation was published in 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma |url=https://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/apbf-authors/koleka-putuma/ |access-date=22 March 2024 |publisher=African Poetry Book Fuund |archive-date=22 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240322084843/https://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/apbf-authors/koleka-putuma/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> As of 2018, Putuma is the best-selling poet in South African history.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=d'Abdon |first=Raphael |date=2018-07-03 |title='You Say "Performance Poet", I Hear "Dance Nigger, Dance"': Problematizing the Notion of Performance Poetry in South Africa |journal=English Studies in Africa |volume=61 |issue=2 |pages=49–62 |doi=10.1080/00138398.2018.1540154 |issn=0013-8398 |s2cid=165926816}}</ref> Amnesia ta rukuni sananne ne saboda maimaita amfani da kalmar womxn, wanda aka nufa ya haɗa da [[Sauran rubutun mata|mata]] marasa fari da masu canza launin fata.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mathunjwa |first=Zimkhitha |date=12 June 2017 |title=Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia Insists On Visibility And Healing |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia-insists-on-visibility-and-hea_uk_5c7eab54e4b078abc6c2607e |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=consent.yahoo.com}}</ref> === Karɓar baƙi === Binciken Amnesia na Ƙungiya, Bongani Madondo na Johannesburg Review of Books ya yaba da Putuma a matsayin "masu basira".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-01 |title=Portrait of the poet as a young genius: Bongani Madondo reviews Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia |url=https://johannesburgreviewofbooks.com/2017/05/01/portrait-of-the-poet-as-a-young-genius-bongani-madondo-reviews-koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Johannesburg Review of Books |language=en-US}}</ref> Amnesia na rukuni ya zama babban rubutu don fahimtar Afirka ta Kudu ta bayan mulkin mallaka, musamman tare da mayar da hankali ga jikin mata baƙar fata da kuma asalin jinsi. Haith ya yi jayayya cewa tarin ya zama "abu ne na al'adu" na Afirka ta Kudu ta zamani, kamar yadda rubutu ne.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Haith |first=Chelsea |date=2018-08-02 |title='I question why I understand what she has said' – Language and decolonial justice in Koleka Putuma's debut poetry collection 'Collective Amnesia' |url=http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10053690/ |journal=MoveableType |volume=10 |pages=45 |doi=10.14324/111.1755-4527.081 |issn=1755-4527 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Shawarwarin Burger ya sanya amfani da ruwa na Putuma a matsayin na'urar wallafe-wallafen a cikin mahallin sauran mawaƙa na Afirka ta Kudu, kamar Ronelda S Kamfer .<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Burger |first=Bibi |date=2019-12-18 |title='Our respect for water is what you have termed fear': The Ocean in the Poetry of Ronelda S. Kamfer and Koleka Putuma |journal=Journal of Southern African Studies |volume=46 |pages=23–38 |doi=10.1080/03057070.2020.1697552 |issn=0305-7070 |s2cid=213424553 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Waƙar "Ruwa" ta zama mahimmin rubutu don binciken wallafe-wallafen hydrocolonialism.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hofmeyr |first=Isabel |date=2019-04-01 |title=Provisional Notes on Hydrocolonialism |journal=English Language Notes |language=en |volume=57 |issue=1 |pages=11–20 |doi=10.1215/00138282-7309644 |issn=0013-8282 |s2cid=167050340}}</ref> Pieterse ya jaddada rubuce-rubucen Putuma game da mace baƙar fata, tare da mawaki [[Sindiswa Busuku-Mathese]] . <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Pieterse |first=Annel |date=2018-01-02 |title=Knowledge and Unlearning in the Poetry of Koleka Putuma and Sindiswa Busuku-Mathese |journal=Scrutiny2 |volume=23 |issue=1 |pages=35–46 |doi=10.1080/18125441.2018.1505937 |issn=1812-5441 |s2cid=149735055 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Duk da yake waƙoƙin Putuma ne suka kawo ta zuwa matakin duniya, an kuma karɓi aikinta na mataki zuwa yabo mai mahimmanci, yana hulɗa da batutuwan siyasa na zamani. Wasanta No Easter Sunday for Queers ya jawo hankali ga nuna bambanci da 'yan mata a Afirka ta Kudu za su iya fuskanta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-06 |title=Koleka Putuma's "No Easter Sunday for Queers" |url=https://thetheatretimes.com/koleka-putuma-no-easter-sunday-queers/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Theatre Times |language=en-US}}</ref> ''Mbuzeni'' yana magance matsalar marayu kuma 'yan mata biyar ne ke ba da labari, yayin da suke yin ba'a game da mutuwa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hofer |first=Alison |date=2019-11-20 |title=Contemporary plays by African women |journal=South African Theatre Journal |volume=32 |issue=2 |pages=186–190 |doi=10.1080/10137548.2019.1676571 |issn=1013-7548 |s2cid=213325447}}</ref> Boehmer yayi la'akari da Putuma a cikin wani littafi mai zurfi na waƙoƙin bayan mulkin mallaka da rubuce-rubucen gajeren labari, wanda zai iya jin ga mai karatu kamar "kira don aiki".<ref>{{Cite book|last3=Elleke Boehmer}}</ref> == Ayyuka == === Wasanni === * SCOOP: wasan kicin don masu kulawa da jarirai (2013) - wasan farko na Afirka ta Kudu da aka tsara don jarirai har zuwa watanni 12, tare da Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Magnet <ref name=":1" /> * ''Ekhaya'' - an rubuta shi don yara masu shekaru 2-7 <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2012-01-23 |title=ABOUT |url=https://cocoputuma.wordpress.com/about/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Koleka Putuma |language=en}}</ref> * ''UHM'' (2014) * ''Woza Sarafina'' (2016) * ''Mbuzeni"'' (2018) * No Easter Sunday for Queers (2019) - wasan kwaikwayo game da addini da queerness bisa ga ɗayan waƙoƙin Putuma.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma's Christian/ queer collision – The Mail & Guardian |url=https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2019-08-21-koleka-putumas-christian-queer-collision/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200110005150/https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2019-08-21-koleka-putumas-christian-queer-collision/ |archive-date=10 January 2020 |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-ZA}}</ref> === Waƙoƙi === * ''Imbebwu Yesini'' (2016, edita) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Putuma |first=Koleka |last2=Perez |first2=Javier |date=2016 |title=Imbewu Yesini |url=https://www.africabib.org/rec.php?RID=40895759X |access-date=May 8, 2021}}</ref> * ''Amnesia ta Jama'a''<nowiki/>'a (2017) * ''Muna da Duk abin da muke Bukatar Farawa'' (2024) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-03 |title=We Have Everything We Need To Start Again by Koleka Putuma |url=https://schoolreadinglist.co.uk/childrens-book-reviews/we-have-everything-we-need-to-start-again/ |access-date=2024-09-01 |website=School Reading List}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka == * Gasar Waƙoƙin Slame ta Kasa (2014) <ref name=":0"/> * PEN Kyautar Rubutun Dalibai ta Afirka ta Kudu (2016) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mulgrew |first=Nick |title=Announcing the PEN South Africa Student Writing Prize Winner {{!}} PEN South Africa |url=http://pensouthafrica.co.za/announcing-the-pen-south-africa-student-writing-prize-winner/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-US}}</ref> * Kyautar Mbokodo Rising Light (2017) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-06-02 |title=Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia Wins the Glenna Luschei Prize for African Poetry, Nick Makoha & Dami Ajayi Shortlisted |url=https://brittlepaper.com/2019/06/koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia-wins-2018-19-glenna-luschei-prize-for-african-poetry-nick-makoha-dami-ajayi-shortlisted/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Brittle Paper}}</ref> * Gasar Rubuce-rubucen SCrIBE (2018) <ref>{{Cite web |last=BWW News Desk |title=Koleka Putuma Announced As Winner Of 2018 SCrIBE Scriptwriting Competition |url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/south-africa/article/Koleka-Putuma-Announced-As-Winner-Of-2018-SCrIBE-Scriptwriting-Competition-20180928 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=BroadwayWorld.com |language=en}}</ref> * Forbes Afirka 30 a karkashin 30 Mai daraja (2018) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Africa |first=Forbes |date=2018-06-04 |title=Under 30 Creatives |url=https://www.forbesafrica.com/30-under-30/2018/06/04/under-30-creatives/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712004930/https://www.forbesafrica.com/30-under-30/2018/06/04/under-30-creatives/ |archive-date=12 July 2018 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Forbes Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> * Kyautar Glenna Luschei don Waƙoƙin Afirka (2018) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Prizes |url=http://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/prizes/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191230044343/http://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/prizes/ |archive-date=30 December 2019 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=African Poetry Book Fund |language=en-US}}</ref> * Gasar Wasanni ta Kasa ta Distell (2019) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-08-13 |title=OPEN CALL: 2020 Distell National Playwright Competition |url=https://10and5.com/2019/08/13/open-call-2020-distell-national-playwright-competition/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201206023044/https://10and5.com/2019/08/13/open-call-2020-distell-national-playwright-competition/ |archive-date=6 December 2020 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Between 10 and 5 |language=en-ZA}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1993]] 3pd073kxaxa85cbv9xe39pxmbm3igqy 826508 826506 2026-04-26T07:38:20Z Pharouqenr 25549 826508 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Koleka Putuma''' (an haife ta a Port Elizabeth, 22 Maris 1993) mawaƙiya ce ta [[Afirka ta Kudu]] kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo. An zaɓe ta a matsayin daya daga cikin mata masu tasiri a kasar Okay Africa a shekarar 2019. == Tarihin rayuwa == An haifi Putuma a Port Elizabeth, Afirka ta Kudu, a cikin 1993. Ta yi karatu don digiri na BA a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo da wasan kwaikwayo a [[Jami'ar Cape Town]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma {{!}} Badilisha Poetry – Pan-African Poets |url=https://badilishapoetry.com/coco-putuma/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=badilishapoetry.com}}</ref> A shekara ta 2016, an ba ta lambar yabo ta rubuce-rubucen ɗaliban PEN don waka mai suna "Ruwa".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mulgrew |first=Nick |title=Water by Koleka Putuma {{!}} PEN South Africa |url=https://pensouthafrica.co.za/water-by-koleka-putuma/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-US}}</ref> Ana amfani da wannan waka a makarantu a matsayin tunatarwa cewa samun ruwa siyasa ne, tarihi da launin fata.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma: Water - Classroom - Art & Education |url=https://www.artandeducation.net/classroom/video/288707/koleka-putuma-water |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.artandeducation.net |language=en |archive-date=2020-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200111113912/https://www.artandeducation.net/classroom/video/288707/koleka-putuma-water |url-status=dead }}</ref> Jigogi masu maimaitawa a cikin aikin Putuma sune soyayya, queerness, gwagwarmayar mulkin mallaka da gadon wariyar launin fata, <ref>{{Cite web |title=PARSE |url=https://parsejournal.com/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=parsejournal.com |language=en-US}}</ref> da kuma haɗuwa da shugabanci tare da waɗannan ra'ayoyin da ainihi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 February 2017 |title=Koleka Putuma Talks Poetry Post-Patriarchy and Black Joy |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/koleka-putuma-talks-poetry-post-patriarchy-and-black-joy_uk_5c7e9763e4b078abc6c12232?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAAvrOm9Zp9hL5YJr49l1ilehUZhghF1AipxgX9A7YRVE5RqGLR8_KZg4nPuo-59iNR7jnpwDMF84L7wlQl7XpCLqg9trAVRyj_Kj44WOH5OUhXrZaN6243NqhQxpv14pRa5cpwJr9sjrgd6wcO2GXNdc587E07d0f-b3wwB0f1Uz |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=consent.yahoo.com}}</ref> Tana aiki a matsayin mai gabatar da gidan wasan kwaikwayo don Design Indaba kuma tana zaune a Cape Town. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Design Indaba appoints Koleka Putuma as theatre producer |url=https://www.bizcommunity.com/Article/196/415/185637.html |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.bizcommunity.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Poetry On The Road {{!}} May 22 – 27 2019 Koleka Putuma |url=http://www.poetry-on-the-road.com/authors/koleka-putuma/?lang=en |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421054015/http://www.poetry-on-the-road.com/authors/koleka-putuma/?lang=en |archive-date=21 April 2021 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.poetry-on-the-road.com}}</ref> === ''Amnesia ta Jama'a'' === Putuma first came to global attention with the publication of her poetry collection ''Collective Amnesia'', published by the South African poetry press uHlanga in 2017.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma, Collective Amnesia |url=http://uhlangapress.co.za/koleka-putuma-collective-amnesia |access-date=2021-08-09 |website=uHlanga |language=en-US}}</ref> It was released with complementary photography by Cape Town-based photographer Andy Mkosi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma's poems of celebration, grief and rage |url=https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2017-04-04-koleka-putumas-poems-of-celebration-grief-and-rage/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}{{Dead link|date=May 2023}}</ref> Within three months of its release, the book sold 2000 copies, had 17 launches across South Africa and was on the syllabus at two universities.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mkhabela |first=Sabelo |date=2017-07-22 |title=Koleka Putuma Is the Groundbreaking New Voice of South African Poetry |url=https://medium.com/@SabzaMK/koleka-putuma-is-the-groundbreaking-new-voice-of-south-african-poetry-d9cbed7feeed |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Medium |language=en}}</ref> After eight months, it had sold more than 5000 copies and Putuma had given performances of it across three continents.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gantsho |first=Vangile |date=2017-12-01 |title=Collective Amnesia, Koleka Putuma: reviews |url=https://journals.co.za/content/journal/10520/EJC-f65066330 |journal=New Coin Poetry |language=en |volume=53 |issue=2 |pages=77–80 |issn=0028-4459}}</ref> Its Spanish translation by Lawrence Schimel and [[Arrate Hidalgo]] was published in 2019,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Murua |first=James |author-link=James Murua |date=2018-11-19 |title=Koleka Putuma poetry collection "Collective Amnesia" now in Spanish. |url=https://www.writingafrica.com/koleka-putuma-poetry-collection-collective-amnesia-now-in-spanish/ |access-date=2024-05-11 |website=Writing Africa |language=en-GB}}</ref> and a Danish translation was published in 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma |url=https://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/apbf-authors/koleka-putuma/ |access-date=22 March 2024 |publisher=African Poetry Book Fuund |archive-date=22 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240322084843/https://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/apbf-authors/koleka-putuma/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> As of 2018, Putuma is the best-selling poet in South African history.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=d'Abdon |first=Raphael |date=2018-07-03 |title='You Say "Performance Poet", I Hear "Dance Nigger, Dance"': Problematizing the Notion of Performance Poetry in South Africa |journal=English Studies in Africa |volume=61 |issue=2 |pages=49–62 |doi=10.1080/00138398.2018.1540154 |issn=0013-8398 |s2cid=165926816}}</ref> Amnesia ta rukuni sananne ne saboda maimaita amfani da kalmar womxn, wanda aka nufa ya haɗa da [[Sauran rubutun mata|mata]] marasa fari da masu canza launin fata.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mathunjwa |first=Zimkhitha |date=12 June 2017 |title=Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia Insists On Visibility And Healing |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia-insists-on-visibility-and-hea_uk_5c7eab54e4b078abc6c2607e |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=consent.yahoo.com}}</ref> === Karɓar baƙi === Binciken Amnesia na Ƙungiya, Bongani Madondo na Johannesburg Review of Books ya yaba da Putuma a matsayin "masu basira".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-01 |title=Portrait of the poet as a young genius: Bongani Madondo reviews Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia |url=https://johannesburgreviewofbooks.com/2017/05/01/portrait-of-the-poet-as-a-young-genius-bongani-madondo-reviews-koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Johannesburg Review of Books |language=en-US}}</ref> Amnesia na rukuni ya zama babban rubutu don fahimtar Afirka ta Kudu ta bayan mulkin mallaka, musamman tare da mayar da hankali ga jikin mata baƙar fata da kuma asalin jinsi. Haith ya yi jayayya cewa tarin ya zama "abu ne na al'adu" na Afirka ta Kudu ta zamani, kamar yadda rubutu ne.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Haith |first=Chelsea |date=2018-08-02 |title='I question why I understand what she has said' – Language and decolonial justice in Koleka Putuma's debut poetry collection 'Collective Amnesia' |url=http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10053690/ |journal=MoveableType |volume=10 |pages=45 |doi=10.14324/111.1755-4527.081 |issn=1755-4527 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Shawarwarin Burger ya sanya amfani da ruwa na Putuma a matsayin na'urar wallafe-wallafen a cikin mahallin sauran mawaƙa na Afirka ta Kudu, kamar Ronelda S Kamfer .<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Burger |first=Bibi |date=2019-12-18 |title='Our respect for water is what you have termed fear': The Ocean in the Poetry of Ronelda S. Kamfer and Koleka Putuma |journal=Journal of Southern African Studies |volume=46 |pages=23–38 |doi=10.1080/03057070.2020.1697552 |issn=0305-7070 |s2cid=213424553 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Waƙar "Ruwa" ta zama mahimmin rubutu don binciken wallafe-wallafen hydrocolonialism.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hofmeyr |first=Isabel |date=2019-04-01 |title=Provisional Notes on Hydrocolonialism |journal=English Language Notes |language=en |volume=57 |issue=1 |pages=11–20 |doi=10.1215/00138282-7309644 |issn=0013-8282 |s2cid=167050340}}</ref> Pieterse ya jaddada rubuce-rubucen Putuma game da mace baƙar fata, tare da mawaki [[Sindiswa Busuku-Mathese]] . <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Pieterse |first=Annel |date=2018-01-02 |title=Knowledge and Unlearning in the Poetry of Koleka Putuma and Sindiswa Busuku-Mathese |journal=Scrutiny2 |volume=23 |issue=1 |pages=35–46 |doi=10.1080/18125441.2018.1505937 |issn=1812-5441 |s2cid=149735055 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Duk da yake waƙoƙin Putuma ne suka kawo ta zuwa matakin duniya, an kuma karɓi aikinta na mataki zuwa yabo mai mahimmanci, yana hulɗa da batutuwan siyasa na zamani. Wasanta No Easter Sunday for Queers ya jawo hankali ga nuna bambanci da 'yan mata a Afirka ta Kudu za su iya fuskanta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-06 |title=Koleka Putuma's "No Easter Sunday for Queers" |url=https://thetheatretimes.com/koleka-putuma-no-easter-sunday-queers/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Theatre Times |language=en-US}}</ref> ''Mbuzeni'' yana magance matsalar marayu kuma 'yan mata biyar ne ke ba da labari, yayin da suke yin ba'a game da mutuwa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hofer |first=Alison |date=2019-11-20 |title=Contemporary plays by African women |journal=South African Theatre Journal |volume=32 |issue=2 |pages=186–190 |doi=10.1080/10137548.2019.1676571 |issn=1013-7548 |s2cid=213325447}}</ref> Boehmer yayi la'akari da Putuma a cikin wani littafi mai zurfi na waƙoƙin bayan mulkin mallaka da rubuce-rubucen gajeren labari, wanda zai iya jin ga mai karatu kamar "kira don aiki".<ref>{{Cite book|last3=Elleke Boehmer}}</ref> == Ayyuka == === Wasanni === * SCOOP: wasan kicin don masu kulawa da jarirai (2013) - wasan farko na Afirka ta Kudu da aka tsara don jarirai har zuwa watanni 12, tare da Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Magnet <ref name=":1" /> * ''Ekhaya'' - an rubuta shi don yara masu shekaru 2-7 <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2012-01-23 |title=ABOUT |url=https://cocoputuma.wordpress.com/about/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Koleka Putuma |language=en}}</ref> * ''UHM'' (2014) * ''Woza Sarafina'' (2016) * ''Mbuzeni"'' (2018) * No Easter Sunday for Queers (2019) - wasan kwaikwayo game da addini da queerness bisa ga ɗayan waƙoƙin Putuma.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma's Christian/ queer collision – The Mail & Guardian |url=https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2019-08-21-koleka-putumas-christian-queer-collision/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200110005150/https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2019-08-21-koleka-putumas-christian-queer-collision/ |archive-date=10 January 2020 |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-ZA}}</ref> === Waƙoƙi === * ''Imbebwu Yesini'' (2016, edita) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Putuma |first=Koleka |last2=Perez |first2=Javier |date=2016 |title=Imbewu Yesini |url=https://www.africabib.org/rec.php?RID=40895759X |access-date=May 8, 2021}}</ref> * ''Amnesia ta Jama'a''<nowiki/>'a (2017) * ''Muna da Duk abin da muke Bukatar Farawa'' (2024) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-03 |title=We Have Everything We Need To Start Again by Koleka Putuma |url=https://schoolreadinglist.co.uk/childrens-book-reviews/we-have-everything-we-need-to-start-again/ |access-date=2024-09-01 |website=School Reading List}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka == * Gasar Waƙoƙin Slame ta Kasa (2014) <ref name=":0"/> * PEN Kyautar Rubutun Dalibai ta Afirka ta Kudu (2016) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mulgrew |first=Nick |title=Announcing the PEN South Africa Student Writing Prize Winner {{!}} PEN South Africa |url=http://pensouthafrica.co.za/announcing-the-pen-south-africa-student-writing-prize-winner/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-US}}</ref> * Kyautar Mbokodo Rising Light (2017) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-06-02 |title=Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia Wins the Glenna Luschei Prize for African Poetry, Nick Makoha & Dami Ajayi Shortlisted |url=https://brittlepaper.com/2019/06/koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia-wins-2018-19-glenna-luschei-prize-for-african-poetry-nick-makoha-dami-ajayi-shortlisted/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Brittle Paper}}</ref> * Gasar Rubuce-rubucen SCrIBE (2018) <ref>{{Cite web |last=BWW News Desk |title=Koleka Putuma Announced As Winner Of 2018 SCrIBE Scriptwriting Competition |url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/south-africa/article/Koleka-Putuma-Announced-As-Winner-Of-2018-SCrIBE-Scriptwriting-Competition-20180928 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=BroadwayWorld.com |language=en}}</ref> * Forbes Afirka 30 a karkashin 30 Mai daraja (2018) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Africa |first=Forbes |date=2018-06-04 |title=Under 30 Creatives |url=https://www.forbesafrica.com/30-under-30/2018/06/04/under-30-creatives/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712004930/https://www.forbesafrica.com/30-under-30/2018/06/04/under-30-creatives/ |archive-date=12 July 2018 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Forbes Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> * Kyautar Glenna Luschei don Waƙoƙin Afirka (2018) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Prizes |url=http://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/prizes/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191230044343/http://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/prizes/ |archive-date=30 December 2019 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=African Poetry Book Fund |language=en-US}}</ref> * Gasar Wasanni ta Kasa ta Distell (2019) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-08-13 |title=OPEN CALL: 2020 Distell National Playwright Competition |url=https://10and5.com/2019/08/13/open-call-2020-distell-national-playwright-competition/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201206023044/https://10and5.com/2019/08/13/open-call-2020-distell-national-playwright-competition/ |archive-date=6 December 2020 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Between 10 and 5 |language=en-ZA}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1993]] l6k0xh9ol3yddn3397x8sdoy3xr9r0f 826509 826508 2026-04-26T07:38:38Z Pharouqenr 25549 826509 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Koleka Putuma''' (an haife ta a Port Elizabeth, 22 Maris 1993) mawaƙiya ce ta [[Afirka ta Kudu]] kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo. An zaɓe ta a matsayin daya daga cikin mata masu tasiri a kasar Okay Africa a shekarar 2019. == Tarihin rayuwa == An haifi Putuma a Port Elizabeth, Afirka ta Kudu, a cikin 1993. Ta yi karatu don digiri na BA a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo da wasan kwaikwayo a [[Jami'ar Cape Town]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma {{!}} Badilisha Poetry – Pan-African Poets |url=https://badilishapoetry.com/coco-putuma/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=badilishapoetry.com}}</ref> A shekara ta 2016, an ba ta lambar yabo ta rubuce-rubucen ɗaliban PEN don waka mai suna "Ruwa".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mulgrew |first=Nick |title=Water by Koleka Putuma {{!}} PEN South Africa |url=https://pensouthafrica.co.za/water-by-koleka-putuma/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-US}}</ref> Ana amfani da wannan waka a makarantu a matsayin tunatarwa cewa samun ruwa siyasa ne, tarihi da launin fata.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma: Water - Classroom - Art & Education |url=https://www.artandeducation.net/classroom/video/288707/koleka-putuma-water |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.artandeducation.net |language=en |archive-date=2020-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200111113912/https://www.artandeducation.net/classroom/video/288707/koleka-putuma-water |url-status=dead }}</ref> Jigogi masu maimaitawa a cikin aikin Putuma sune soyayya, queerness, gwagwarmayar mulkin mallaka da gadon wariyar launin fata,<ref>{{Cite web |title=PARSE |url=https://parsejournal.com/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=parsejournal.com |language=en-US}}</ref> da kuma haɗuwa da shugabanci tare da waɗannan ra'ayoyin da ainihi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 February 2017 |title=Koleka Putuma Talks Poetry Post-Patriarchy and Black Joy |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/koleka-putuma-talks-poetry-post-patriarchy-and-black-joy_uk_5c7e9763e4b078abc6c12232?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAAvrOm9Zp9hL5YJr49l1ilehUZhghF1AipxgX9A7YRVE5RqGLR8_KZg4nPuo-59iNR7jnpwDMF84L7wlQl7XpCLqg9trAVRyj_Kj44WOH5OUhXrZaN6243NqhQxpv14pRa5cpwJr9sjrgd6wcO2GXNdc587E07d0f-b3wwB0f1Uz |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=consent.yahoo.com}}</ref> Tana aiki a matsayin mai gabatar da gidan wasan kwaikwayo don Design Indaba kuma tana zaune a Cape Town. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Design Indaba appoints Koleka Putuma as theatre producer |url=https://www.bizcommunity.com/Article/196/415/185637.html |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.bizcommunity.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Poetry On The Road {{!}} May 22 – 27 2019 Koleka Putuma |url=http://www.poetry-on-the-road.com/authors/koleka-putuma/?lang=en |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421054015/http://www.poetry-on-the-road.com/authors/koleka-putuma/?lang=en |archive-date=21 April 2021 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.poetry-on-the-road.com}}</ref> === ''Amnesia ta Jama'a'' === Putuma first came to global attention with the publication of her poetry collection ''Collective Amnesia'', published by the South African poetry press uHlanga in 2017.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma, Collective Amnesia |url=http://uhlangapress.co.za/koleka-putuma-collective-amnesia |access-date=2021-08-09 |website=uHlanga |language=en-US}}</ref> It was released with complementary photography by Cape Town-based photographer Andy Mkosi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma's poems of celebration, grief and rage |url=https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2017-04-04-koleka-putumas-poems-of-celebration-grief-and-rage/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}{{Dead link|date=May 2023}}</ref> Within three months of its release, the book sold 2000 copies, had 17 launches across South Africa and was on the syllabus at two universities.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mkhabela |first=Sabelo |date=2017-07-22 |title=Koleka Putuma Is the Groundbreaking New Voice of South African Poetry |url=https://medium.com/@SabzaMK/koleka-putuma-is-the-groundbreaking-new-voice-of-south-african-poetry-d9cbed7feeed |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Medium |language=en}}</ref> After eight months, it had sold more than 5000 copies and Putuma had given performances of it across three continents.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gantsho |first=Vangile |date=2017-12-01 |title=Collective Amnesia, Koleka Putuma: reviews |url=https://journals.co.za/content/journal/10520/EJC-f65066330 |journal=New Coin Poetry |language=en |volume=53 |issue=2 |pages=77–80 |issn=0028-4459}}</ref> Its Spanish translation by Lawrence Schimel and [[Arrate Hidalgo]] was published in 2019,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Murua |first=James |author-link=James Murua |date=2018-11-19 |title=Koleka Putuma poetry collection "Collective Amnesia" now in Spanish. |url=https://www.writingafrica.com/koleka-putuma-poetry-collection-collective-amnesia-now-in-spanish/ |access-date=2024-05-11 |website=Writing Africa |language=en-GB}}</ref> and a Danish translation was published in 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma |url=https://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/apbf-authors/koleka-putuma/ |access-date=22 March 2024 |publisher=African Poetry Book Fuund |archive-date=22 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240322084843/https://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/apbf-authors/koleka-putuma/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> As of 2018, Putuma is the best-selling poet in South African history.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=d'Abdon |first=Raphael |date=2018-07-03 |title='You Say "Performance Poet", I Hear "Dance Nigger, Dance"': Problematizing the Notion of Performance Poetry in South Africa |journal=English Studies in Africa |volume=61 |issue=2 |pages=49–62 |doi=10.1080/00138398.2018.1540154 |issn=0013-8398 |s2cid=165926816}}</ref> Amnesia ta rukuni sananne ne saboda maimaita amfani da kalmar womxn, wanda aka nufa ya haɗa da [[Sauran rubutun mata|mata]] marasa fari da masu canza launin fata.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mathunjwa |first=Zimkhitha |date=12 June 2017 |title=Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia Insists On Visibility And Healing |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia-insists-on-visibility-and-hea_uk_5c7eab54e4b078abc6c2607e |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=consent.yahoo.com}}</ref> === Karɓar baƙi === Binciken Amnesia na Ƙungiya, Bongani Madondo na Johannesburg Review of Books ya yaba da Putuma a matsayin "masu basira".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-01 |title=Portrait of the poet as a young genius: Bongani Madondo reviews Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia |url=https://johannesburgreviewofbooks.com/2017/05/01/portrait-of-the-poet-as-a-young-genius-bongani-madondo-reviews-koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Johannesburg Review of Books |language=en-US}}</ref> Amnesia na rukuni ya zama babban rubutu don fahimtar Afirka ta Kudu ta bayan mulkin mallaka, musamman tare da mayar da hankali ga jikin mata baƙar fata da kuma asalin jinsi. Haith ya yi jayayya cewa tarin ya zama "abu ne na al'adu" na Afirka ta Kudu ta zamani, kamar yadda rubutu ne.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Haith |first=Chelsea |date=2018-08-02 |title='I question why I understand what she has said' – Language and decolonial justice in Koleka Putuma's debut poetry collection 'Collective Amnesia' |url=http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10053690/ |journal=MoveableType |volume=10 |pages=45 |doi=10.14324/111.1755-4527.081 |issn=1755-4527 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Shawarwarin Burger ya sanya amfani da ruwa na Putuma a matsayin na'urar wallafe-wallafen a cikin mahallin sauran mawaƙa na Afirka ta Kudu, kamar Ronelda S Kamfer .<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Burger |first=Bibi |date=2019-12-18 |title='Our respect for water is what you have termed fear': The Ocean in the Poetry of Ronelda S. Kamfer and Koleka Putuma |journal=Journal of Southern African Studies |volume=46 |pages=23–38 |doi=10.1080/03057070.2020.1697552 |issn=0305-7070 |s2cid=213424553 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Waƙar "Ruwa" ta zama mahimmin rubutu don binciken wallafe-wallafen hydrocolonialism.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hofmeyr |first=Isabel |date=2019-04-01 |title=Provisional Notes on Hydrocolonialism |journal=English Language Notes |language=en |volume=57 |issue=1 |pages=11–20 |doi=10.1215/00138282-7309644 |issn=0013-8282 |s2cid=167050340}}</ref> Pieterse ya jaddada rubuce-rubucen Putuma game da mace baƙar fata, tare da mawaki [[Sindiswa Busuku-Mathese]] . <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Pieterse |first=Annel |date=2018-01-02 |title=Knowledge and Unlearning in the Poetry of Koleka Putuma and Sindiswa Busuku-Mathese |journal=Scrutiny2 |volume=23 |issue=1 |pages=35–46 |doi=10.1080/18125441.2018.1505937 |issn=1812-5441 |s2cid=149735055 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Duk da yake waƙoƙin Putuma ne suka kawo ta zuwa matakin duniya, an kuma karɓi aikinta na mataki zuwa yabo mai mahimmanci, yana hulɗa da batutuwan siyasa na zamani. Wasanta No Easter Sunday for Queers ya jawo hankali ga nuna bambanci da 'yan mata a Afirka ta Kudu za su iya fuskanta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-06 |title=Koleka Putuma's "No Easter Sunday for Queers" |url=https://thetheatretimes.com/koleka-putuma-no-easter-sunday-queers/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Theatre Times |language=en-US}}</ref> ''Mbuzeni'' yana magance matsalar marayu kuma 'yan mata biyar ne ke ba da labari, yayin da suke yin ba'a game da mutuwa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hofer |first=Alison |date=2019-11-20 |title=Contemporary plays by African women |journal=South African Theatre Journal |volume=32 |issue=2 |pages=186–190 |doi=10.1080/10137548.2019.1676571 |issn=1013-7548 |s2cid=213325447}}</ref> Boehmer yayi la'akari da Putuma a cikin wani littafi mai zurfi na waƙoƙin bayan mulkin mallaka da rubuce-rubucen gajeren labari, wanda zai iya jin ga mai karatu kamar "kira don aiki".<ref>{{Cite book|last3=Elleke Boehmer}}</ref> == Ayyuka == === Wasanni === * SCOOP: wasan kicin don masu kulawa da jarirai (2013) - wasan farko na Afirka ta Kudu da aka tsara don jarirai har zuwa watanni 12, tare da Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Magnet <ref name=":1" /> * ''Ekhaya'' - an rubuta shi don yara masu shekaru 2-7 <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2012-01-23 |title=ABOUT |url=https://cocoputuma.wordpress.com/about/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Koleka Putuma |language=en}}</ref> * ''UHM'' (2014) * ''Woza Sarafina'' (2016) * ''Mbuzeni"'' (2018) * No Easter Sunday for Queers (2019) - wasan kwaikwayo game da addini da queerness bisa ga ɗayan waƙoƙin Putuma.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma's Christian/ queer collision – The Mail & Guardian |url=https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2019-08-21-koleka-putumas-christian-queer-collision/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200110005150/https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2019-08-21-koleka-putumas-christian-queer-collision/ |archive-date=10 January 2020 |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-ZA}}</ref> === Waƙoƙi === * ''Imbebwu Yesini'' (2016, edita) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Putuma |first=Koleka |last2=Perez |first2=Javier |date=2016 |title=Imbewu Yesini |url=https://www.africabib.org/rec.php?RID=40895759X |access-date=May 8, 2021}}</ref> * ''Amnesia ta Jama'a''<nowiki/>'a (2017) * ''Muna da Duk abin da muke Bukatar Farawa'' (2024) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-03 |title=We Have Everything We Need To Start Again by Koleka Putuma |url=https://schoolreadinglist.co.uk/childrens-book-reviews/we-have-everything-we-need-to-start-again/ |access-date=2024-09-01 |website=School Reading List}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka == * Gasar Waƙoƙin Slame ta Kasa (2014) <ref name=":0"/> * PEN Kyautar Rubutun Dalibai ta Afirka ta Kudu (2016) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mulgrew |first=Nick |title=Announcing the PEN South Africa Student Writing Prize Winner {{!}} PEN South Africa |url=http://pensouthafrica.co.za/announcing-the-pen-south-africa-student-writing-prize-winner/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-US}}</ref> * Kyautar Mbokodo Rising Light (2017) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-06-02 |title=Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia Wins the Glenna Luschei Prize for African Poetry, Nick Makoha & Dami Ajayi Shortlisted |url=https://brittlepaper.com/2019/06/koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia-wins-2018-19-glenna-luschei-prize-for-african-poetry-nick-makoha-dami-ajayi-shortlisted/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Brittle Paper}}</ref> * Gasar Rubuce-rubucen SCrIBE (2018) <ref>{{Cite web |last=BWW News Desk |title=Koleka Putuma Announced As Winner Of 2018 SCrIBE Scriptwriting Competition |url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/south-africa/article/Koleka-Putuma-Announced-As-Winner-Of-2018-SCrIBE-Scriptwriting-Competition-20180928 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=BroadwayWorld.com |language=en}}</ref> * Forbes Afirka 30 a karkashin 30 Mai daraja (2018) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Africa |first=Forbes |date=2018-06-04 |title=Under 30 Creatives |url=https://www.forbesafrica.com/30-under-30/2018/06/04/under-30-creatives/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712004930/https://www.forbesafrica.com/30-under-30/2018/06/04/under-30-creatives/ |archive-date=12 July 2018 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Forbes Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> * Kyautar Glenna Luschei don Waƙoƙin Afirka (2018) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Prizes |url=http://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/prizes/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191230044343/http://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/prizes/ |archive-date=30 December 2019 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=African Poetry Book Fund |language=en-US}}</ref> * Gasar Wasanni ta Kasa ta Distell (2019) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-08-13 |title=OPEN CALL: 2020 Distell National Playwright Competition |url=https://10and5.com/2019/08/13/open-call-2020-distell-national-playwright-competition/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201206023044/https://10and5.com/2019/08/13/open-call-2020-distell-national-playwright-competition/ |archive-date=6 December 2020 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Between 10 and 5 |language=en-ZA}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1993]] gtebpnhwv0v14f9sgrhnxtwi2jrr1vw 826511 826509 2026-04-26T07:39:07Z Pharouqenr 25549 826511 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Koleka Putuma''' (an haife ta a Port Elizabeth, 22 Maris 1993) mawaƙiya ce ta [[Afirka ta Kudu]] kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo. An zaɓe ta a matsayin daya daga cikin mata masu tasiri a kasar Okay Africa a shekarar 2019. == Tarihin rayuwa == An haifi Putuma a Port Elizabeth, Afirka ta Kudu, a cikin 1993. Ta yi karatu don digiri na BA a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo da wasan kwaikwayo a [[Jami'ar Cape Town]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma {{!}} Badilisha Poetry – Pan-African Poets |url=https://badilishapoetry.com/coco-putuma/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=badilishapoetry.com}}</ref> A shekara ta 2016, an ba ta lambar yabo ta rubuce-rubucen ɗaliban PEN don waka mai suna "Ruwa".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mulgrew |first=Nick |title=Water by Koleka Putuma {{!}} PEN South Africa |url=https://pensouthafrica.co.za/water-by-koleka-putuma/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-US}}</ref> Ana amfani da wannan waka a makarantu a matsayin tunatarwa cewa samun ruwa siyasa ne, tarihi da launin fata.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma: Water - Classroom - Art & Education |url=https://www.artandeducation.net/classroom/video/288707/koleka-putuma-water |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.artandeducation.net |language=en |archive-date=2020-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200111113912/https://www.artandeducation.net/classroom/video/288707/koleka-putuma-water |url-status=dead }}</ref> Jigogi masu maimaitawa a cikin aikin Putuma sune soyayya, queerness, gwagwarmayar mulkin mallaka da gadon wariyar launin fata,<ref>{{Cite web |title=PARSE |url=https://parsejournal.com/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=parsejournal.com |language=en-US}}</ref> da kuma haɗuwa da shugabanci tare da waɗannan ra'ayoyin da ainihi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 February 2017 |title=Koleka Putuma Talks Poetry Post-Patriarchy and Black Joy |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/koleka-putuma-talks-poetry-post-patriarchy-and-black-joy_uk_5c7e9763e4b078abc6c12232?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAAvrOm9Zp9hL5YJr49l1ilehUZhghF1AipxgX9A7YRVE5RqGLR8_KZg4nPuo-59iNR7jnpwDMF84L7wlQl7XpCLqg9trAVRyj_Kj44WOH5OUhXrZaN6243NqhQxpv14pRa5cpwJr9sjrgd6wcO2GXNdc587E07d0f-b3wwB0f1Uz |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=consent.yahoo.com}}</ref> Tana aiki a matsayin mai gabatar da gidan wasan kwaikwayo don Design Indaba kuma tana zaune a Cape Town. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Design Indaba appoints Koleka Putuma as theatre producer |url=https://www.bizcommunity.com/Article/196/415/185637.html |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.bizcommunity.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Poetry On The Road {{!}} May 22 – 27 2019 Koleka Putuma |url=http://www.poetry-on-the-road.com/authors/koleka-putuma/?lang=en |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421054015/http://www.poetry-on-the-road.com/authors/koleka-putuma/?lang=en |archive-date=21 April 2021 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.poetry-on-the-road.com}}</ref> === ''Amnesia ta Jama'a'' === Putuma first came to global attention with the publication of her poetry collection ''Collective Amnesia'', published by the South African poetry press uHlanga in 2017.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma, Collective Amnesia |url=http://uhlangapress.co.za/koleka-putuma-collective-amnesia |access-date=2021-08-09 |website=uHlanga |language=en-US}}</ref> It was released with complementary photography by Cape Town-based photographer Andy Mkosi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma's poems of celebration, grief and rage |url=https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2017-04-04-koleka-putumas-poems-of-celebration-grief-and-rage/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}{{Dead link|date=May 2023}}</ref> Within three months of its release, the book sold 2000 copies, had 17 launches across South Africa and was on the syllabus at two universities.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mkhabela |first=Sabelo |date=2017-07-22 |title=Koleka Putuma Is the Groundbreaking New Voice of South African Poetry |url=https://medium.com/@SabzaMK/koleka-putuma-is-the-groundbreaking-new-voice-of-south-african-poetry-d9cbed7feeed |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Medium |language=en}}</ref> After eight months, it had sold more than 5000 copies and Putuma had given performances of it across three continents.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gantsho |first=Vangile |date=2017-12-01 |title=Collective Amnesia, Koleka Putuma: reviews |url=https://journals.co.za/content/journal/10520/EJC-f65066330 |journal=New Coin Poetry |language=en |volume=53 |issue=2 |pages=77–80 |issn=0028-4459}}</ref> Its Spanish translation by Lawrence Schimel and [[Arrate Hidalgo]] was published in 2019,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Murua |first=James |author-link=James Murua |date=2018-11-19 |title=Koleka Putuma poetry collection "Collective Amnesia" now in Spanish. |url=https://www.writingafrica.com/koleka-putuma-poetry-collection-collective-amnesia-now-in-spanish/ |access-date=2024-05-11 |website=Writing Africa |language=en-GB}}</ref> and a Danish translation was published in 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma |url=https://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/apbf-authors/koleka-putuma/ |access-date=22 March 2024 |publisher=African Poetry Book Fuund |archive-date=22 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240322084843/https://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/apbf-authors/koleka-putuma/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> As of 2018, Putuma is the best-selling poet in South African history.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=d'Abdon |first=Raphael |date=2018-07-03 |title='You Say "Performance Poet", I Hear "Dance Nigger, Dance"': Problematizing the Notion of Performance Poetry in South Africa |journal=English Studies in Africa |volume=61 |issue=2 |pages=49–62 |doi=10.1080/00138398.2018.1540154 |issn=0013-8398 |s2cid=165926816}}</ref> Amnesia ta rukuni sananne ne saboda maimaita amfani da kalmar womxn, wanda aka nufa ya haɗa da [[Sauran rubutun mata|mata]] marasa fari da masu canza launin fata.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mathunjwa |first=Zimkhitha |date=12 June 2017 |title=Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia Insists On Visibility And Healing |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia-insists-on-visibility-and-hea_uk_5c7eab54e4b078abc6c2607e |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=consent.yahoo.com}}</ref> === Karɓar baƙi === Binciken Amnesia na Ƙungiya, Bongani Madondo na Johannesburg Review of Books ya yaba da Putuma a matsayin "masu basira".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-01 |title=Portrait of the poet as a young genius: Bongani Madondo reviews Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia |url=https://johannesburgreviewofbooks.com/2017/05/01/portrait-of-the-poet-as-a-young-genius-bongani-madondo-reviews-koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Johannesburg Review of Books |language=en-US}}</ref> Amnesia na rukuni ya zama babban rubutu don fahimtar Afirka ta Kudu ta bayan mulkin mallaka, musamman tare da mayar da hankali ga jikin mata baƙar fata da kuma asalin jinsi. Haith ya yi jayayya cewa tarin ya zama "abu ne na al'adu" na Afirka ta Kudu ta zamani, kamar yadda rubutu ne.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Haith |first=Chelsea |date=2018-08-02 |title='I question why I understand what she has said' – Language and decolonial justice in Koleka Putuma's debut poetry collection 'Collective Amnesia' |url=http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10053690/ |journal=MoveableType |volume=10 |pages=45 |doi=10.14324/111.1755-4527.081 |issn=1755-4527 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Shawarwarin Burger ya sanya amfani da ruwa na Putuma a matsayin na'urar wallafe-wallafen a cikin mahallin sauran mawaƙa na Afirka ta Kudu, kamar Ronelda S Kamfer .<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Burger |first=Bibi |date=2019-12-18 |title='Our respect for water is what you have termed fear': The Ocean in the Poetry of Ronelda S. Kamfer and Koleka Putuma |journal=Journal of Southern African Studies |volume=46 |pages=23–38 |doi=10.1080/03057070.2020.1697552 |issn=0305-7070 |s2cid=213424553 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Waƙar "Ruwa" ta zama mahimmin rubutu don binciken wallafe-wallafen hydrocolonialism.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hofmeyr |first=Isabel |date=2019-04-01 |title=Provisional Notes on Hydrocolonialism |journal=English Language Notes |language=en |volume=57 |issue=1 |pages=11–20 |doi=10.1215/00138282-7309644 |issn=0013-8282 |s2cid=167050340}}</ref> Pieterse ya jaddada rubuce-rubucen Putuma game da mace baƙar fata, tare da mawaki [[Sindiswa Busuku-Mathese]] . <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Pieterse |first=Annel |date=2018-01-02 |title=Knowledge and Unlearning in the Poetry of Koleka Putuma and Sindiswa Busuku-Mathese |journal=Scrutiny2 |volume=23 |issue=1 |pages=35–46 |doi=10.1080/18125441.2018.1505937 |issn=1812-5441 |s2cid=149735055 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Duk da yake waƙoƙin Putuma ne suka kawo ta zuwa matakin duniya, an kuma karɓi aikinta na mataki zuwa yabo mai mahimmanci, yana hulɗa da batutuwan siyasa na zamani. Wasanta No Easter Sunday for Queers ya jawo hankali ga nuna bambanci da 'yan mata a Afirka ta Kudu za su iya fuskanta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-06 |title=Koleka Putuma's "No Easter Sunday for Queers" |url=https://thetheatretimes.com/koleka-putuma-no-easter-sunday-queers/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Theatre Times |language=en-US}}</ref> ''Mbuzeni'' yana magance matsalar marayu kuma 'yan mata biyar ne ke ba da labari, yayin da suke yin ba'a game da mutuwa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hofer |first=Alison |date=2019-11-20 |title=Contemporary plays by African women |journal=South African Theatre Journal |volume=32 |issue=2 |pages=186–190 |doi=10.1080/10137548.2019.1676571 |issn=1013-7548 |s2cid=213325447}}</ref> Boehmer yayi la'akari da Putuma a cikin wani littafi mai zurfi na waƙoƙin bayan mulkin mallaka da rubuce-rubucen gajeren labari, wanda zai iya jin ga mai karatu kamar "kira don aiki".<ref>{{Cite book|last3=Elleke Boehmer}}</ref> == Ayyuka == === Wasanni === * SCOOP: wasan kicin don masu kulawa da jarirai (2013) - wasan farko na Afirka ta Kudu da aka tsara don jarirai har zuwa watanni 12, tare da Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Magnet <ref name=":1" /> * ''Ekhaya'' - an rubuta shi don yara masu shekaru 2-7 <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2012-01-23 |title=ABOUT |url=https://cocoputuma.wordpress.com/about/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Koleka Putuma |language=en}}</ref> * ''UHM'' (2014) * ''Woza Sarafina'' (2016) * ''Mbuzeni"'' (2018) * No Easter Sunday for Queers (2019) - wasan kwaikwayo game da addini da queerness bisa ga ɗayan waƙoƙin Putuma.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma's Christian/ queer collision – The Mail & Guardian |url=https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2019-08-21-koleka-putumas-christian-queer-collision/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200110005150/https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2019-08-21-koleka-putumas-christian-queer-collision/ |archive-date=10 January 2020 |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-ZA}}</ref> === Waƙoƙi === * ''Imbebwu Yesini'' (2016, edita) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Putuma |first=Koleka |last2=Perez |first2=Javier |date=2016 |title=Imbewu Yesini |url=https://www.africabib.org/rec.php?RID=40895759X |access-date=May 8, 2021}}</ref> * ''Amnesia ta Jama'a''<nowiki/>'a (2017) * ''Muna da Duk abin da muke Bukatar Farawa'' (2024) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-03 |title=We Have Everything We Need To Start Again by Koleka Putuma |url=https://schoolreadinglist.co.uk/childrens-book-reviews/we-have-everything-we-need-to-start-again/ |access-date=2024-09-01 |website=School Reading List}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka == * Gasar Waƙoƙin Slame ta Kasa (2014) <ref name=":0"/> * PEN Kyautar Rubutun Dalibai ta Afirka ta Kudu (2016) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mulgrew |first=Nick |title=Announcing the PEN South Africa Student Writing Prize Winner {{!}} PEN South Africa |url=http://pensouthafrica.co.za/announcing-the-pen-south-africa-student-writing-prize-winner/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-US}}</ref> * Kyautar Mbokodo Rising Light (2017) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-06-02 |title=Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia Wins the Glenna Luschei Prize for African Poetry, Nick Makoha & Dami Ajayi Shortlisted |url=https://brittlepaper.com/2019/06/koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia-wins-2018-19-glenna-luschei-prize-for-african-poetry-nick-makoha-dami-ajayi-shortlisted/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Brittle Paper}}</ref> * Gasar Rubuce-rubucen SCrIBE (2018) <ref>{{Cite web |last=BWW News Desk |title=Koleka Putuma Announced As Winner Of 2018 SCrIBE Scriptwriting Competition |url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/south-africa/article/Koleka-Putuma-Announced-As-Winner-Of-2018-SCrIBE-Scriptwriting-Competition-20180928 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=BroadwayWorld.com |language=en}}</ref> * Forbes Afirka 30 a karkashin 30 Mai daraja (2018) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Africa |first=Forbes |date=2018-06-04 |title=Under 30 Creatives |url=https://www.forbesafrica.com/30-under-30/2018/06/04/under-30-creatives/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712004930/https://www.forbesafrica.com/30-under-30/2018/06/04/under-30-creatives/ |archive-date=12 July 2018 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Forbes Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> * Kyautar Glenna Luschei don Waƙoƙin Afirka (2018) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Prizes |url=http://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/prizes/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191230044343/http://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/prizes/ |archive-date=30 December 2019 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=African Poetry Book Fund |language=en-US}}</ref> * Gasar Wasanni ta Kasa ta Distell (2019) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-08-13 |title=OPEN CALL: 2020 Distell National Playwright Competition |url=https://10and5.com/2019/08/13/open-call-2020-distell-national-playwright-competition/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201206023044/https://10and5.com/2019/08/13/open-call-2020-distell-national-playwright-competition/ |archive-date=6 December 2020 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Between 10 and 5 |language=en-ZA}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1993]] ik6siigp5qobgoyg73kj8k38fljkn8w 826512 826511 2026-04-26T07:39:23Z Pharouqenr 25549 826512 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Koleka Putuma''' (an haife ta a Port Elizabeth, 22 Maris 1993) mawaƙiya ce ta [[Afirka ta Kudu]] kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo. An zaɓe ta a matsayin daya daga cikin mata masu tasiri a kasar Okay Africa a shekarar 2019. == Tarihin rayuwa == An haifi Putuma a Port Elizabeth, Afirka ta Kudu, a cikin 1993. Ta yi karatu don digiri na BA a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo da wasan kwaikwayo a [[Jami'ar Cape Town]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma {{!}} Badilisha Poetry – Pan-African Poets |url=https://badilishapoetry.com/coco-putuma/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=badilishapoetry.com}}</ref> A shekara ta 2016, an ba ta lambar yabo ta rubuce-rubucen ɗaliban PEN don waka mai suna "Ruwa".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mulgrew |first=Nick |title=Water by Koleka Putuma {{!}} PEN South Africa |url=https://pensouthafrica.co.za/water-by-koleka-putuma/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-US}}</ref> Ana amfani da wannan waka a makarantu a matsayin tunatarwa cewa samun ruwa siyasa ne, tarihi da launin fata.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma: Water - Classroom - Art & Education |url=https://www.artandeducation.net/classroom/video/288707/koleka-putuma-water |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.artandeducation.net |language=en |archive-date=2020-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200111113912/https://www.artandeducation.net/classroom/video/288707/koleka-putuma-water |url-status=dead }}</ref> Jigogi masu maimaitawa a cikin aikin Putuma sune soyayya, queerness, gwagwarmayar mulkin mallaka da gadon wariyar launin fata,<ref>{{Cite web |title=PARSE |url=https://parsejournal.com/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=parsejournal.com |language=en-US}}</ref> da kuma haɗuwa da shugabanci tare da waɗannan ra'ayoyin da ainihi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 February 2017 |title=Koleka Putuma Talks Poetry Post-Patriarchy and Black Joy |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/koleka-putuma-talks-poetry-post-patriarchy-and-black-joy_uk_5c7e9763e4b078abc6c12232?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAAvrOm9Zp9hL5YJr49l1ilehUZhghF1AipxgX9A7YRVE5RqGLR8_KZg4nPuo-59iNR7jnpwDMF84L7wlQl7XpCLqg9trAVRyj_Kj44WOH5OUhXrZaN6243NqhQxpv14pRa5cpwJr9sjrgd6wcO2GXNdc587E07d0f-b3wwB0f1Uz |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=consent.yahoo.com}}</ref> Tana aiki a matsayin mai gabatar da gidan wasan kwaikwayo don Design Indaba kuma tana zaune a Cape Town.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Design Indaba appoints Koleka Putuma as theatre producer |url=https://www.bizcommunity.com/Article/196/415/185637.html |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.bizcommunity.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Poetry On The Road {{!}} May 22 – 27 2019 Koleka Putuma |url=http://www.poetry-on-the-road.com/authors/koleka-putuma/?lang=en |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421054015/http://www.poetry-on-the-road.com/authors/koleka-putuma/?lang=en |archive-date=21 April 2021 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.poetry-on-the-road.com}}</ref> === ''Amnesia ta Jama'a'' === Putuma first came to global attention with the publication of her poetry collection ''Collective Amnesia'', published by the South African poetry press uHlanga in 2017.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma, Collective Amnesia |url=http://uhlangapress.co.za/koleka-putuma-collective-amnesia |access-date=2021-08-09 |website=uHlanga |language=en-US}}</ref> It was released with complementary photography by Cape Town-based photographer Andy Mkosi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma's poems of celebration, grief and rage |url=https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2017-04-04-koleka-putumas-poems-of-celebration-grief-and-rage/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}{{Dead link|date=May 2023}}</ref> Within three months of its release, the book sold 2000 copies, had 17 launches across South Africa and was on the syllabus at two universities.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mkhabela |first=Sabelo |date=2017-07-22 |title=Koleka Putuma Is the Groundbreaking New Voice of South African Poetry |url=https://medium.com/@SabzaMK/koleka-putuma-is-the-groundbreaking-new-voice-of-south-african-poetry-d9cbed7feeed |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Medium |language=en}}</ref> After eight months, it had sold more than 5000 copies and Putuma had given performances of it across three continents.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gantsho |first=Vangile |date=2017-12-01 |title=Collective Amnesia, Koleka Putuma: reviews |url=https://journals.co.za/content/journal/10520/EJC-f65066330 |journal=New Coin Poetry |language=en |volume=53 |issue=2 |pages=77–80 |issn=0028-4459}}</ref> Its Spanish translation by Lawrence Schimel and [[Arrate Hidalgo]] was published in 2019,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Murua |first=James |author-link=James Murua |date=2018-11-19 |title=Koleka Putuma poetry collection "Collective Amnesia" now in Spanish. |url=https://www.writingafrica.com/koleka-putuma-poetry-collection-collective-amnesia-now-in-spanish/ |access-date=2024-05-11 |website=Writing Africa |language=en-GB}}</ref> and a Danish translation was published in 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma |url=https://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/apbf-authors/koleka-putuma/ |access-date=22 March 2024 |publisher=African Poetry Book Fuund |archive-date=22 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240322084843/https://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/apbf-authors/koleka-putuma/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> As of 2018, Putuma is the best-selling poet in South African history.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=d'Abdon |first=Raphael |date=2018-07-03 |title='You Say "Performance Poet", I Hear "Dance Nigger, Dance"': Problematizing the Notion of Performance Poetry in South Africa |journal=English Studies in Africa |volume=61 |issue=2 |pages=49–62 |doi=10.1080/00138398.2018.1540154 |issn=0013-8398 |s2cid=165926816}}</ref> Amnesia ta rukuni sananne ne saboda maimaita amfani da kalmar womxn, wanda aka nufa ya haɗa da [[Sauran rubutun mata|mata]] marasa fari da masu canza launin fata.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mathunjwa |first=Zimkhitha |date=12 June 2017 |title=Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia Insists On Visibility And Healing |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia-insists-on-visibility-and-hea_uk_5c7eab54e4b078abc6c2607e |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=consent.yahoo.com}}</ref> === Karɓar baƙi === Binciken Amnesia na Ƙungiya, Bongani Madondo na Johannesburg Review of Books ya yaba da Putuma a matsayin "masu basira".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-01 |title=Portrait of the poet as a young genius: Bongani Madondo reviews Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia |url=https://johannesburgreviewofbooks.com/2017/05/01/portrait-of-the-poet-as-a-young-genius-bongani-madondo-reviews-koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Johannesburg Review of Books |language=en-US}}</ref> Amnesia na rukuni ya zama babban rubutu don fahimtar Afirka ta Kudu ta bayan mulkin mallaka, musamman tare da mayar da hankali ga jikin mata baƙar fata da kuma asalin jinsi. Haith ya yi jayayya cewa tarin ya zama "abu ne na al'adu" na Afirka ta Kudu ta zamani, kamar yadda rubutu ne.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Haith |first=Chelsea |date=2018-08-02 |title='I question why I understand what she has said' – Language and decolonial justice in Koleka Putuma's debut poetry collection 'Collective Amnesia' |url=http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10053690/ |journal=MoveableType |volume=10 |pages=45 |doi=10.14324/111.1755-4527.081 |issn=1755-4527 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Shawarwarin Burger ya sanya amfani da ruwa na Putuma a matsayin na'urar wallafe-wallafen a cikin mahallin sauran mawaƙa na Afirka ta Kudu, kamar Ronelda S Kamfer .<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Burger |first=Bibi |date=2019-12-18 |title='Our respect for water is what you have termed fear': The Ocean in the Poetry of Ronelda S. Kamfer and Koleka Putuma |journal=Journal of Southern African Studies |volume=46 |pages=23–38 |doi=10.1080/03057070.2020.1697552 |issn=0305-7070 |s2cid=213424553 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Waƙar "Ruwa" ta zama mahimmin rubutu don binciken wallafe-wallafen hydrocolonialism.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hofmeyr |first=Isabel |date=2019-04-01 |title=Provisional Notes on Hydrocolonialism |journal=English Language Notes |language=en |volume=57 |issue=1 |pages=11–20 |doi=10.1215/00138282-7309644 |issn=0013-8282 |s2cid=167050340}}</ref> Pieterse ya jaddada rubuce-rubucen Putuma game da mace baƙar fata, tare da mawaki [[Sindiswa Busuku-Mathese]] . <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Pieterse |first=Annel |date=2018-01-02 |title=Knowledge and Unlearning in the Poetry of Koleka Putuma and Sindiswa Busuku-Mathese |journal=Scrutiny2 |volume=23 |issue=1 |pages=35–46 |doi=10.1080/18125441.2018.1505937 |issn=1812-5441 |s2cid=149735055 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Duk da yake waƙoƙin Putuma ne suka kawo ta zuwa matakin duniya, an kuma karɓi aikinta na mataki zuwa yabo mai mahimmanci, yana hulɗa da batutuwan siyasa na zamani. Wasanta No Easter Sunday for Queers ya jawo hankali ga nuna bambanci da 'yan mata a Afirka ta Kudu za su iya fuskanta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-06 |title=Koleka Putuma's "No Easter Sunday for Queers" |url=https://thetheatretimes.com/koleka-putuma-no-easter-sunday-queers/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Theatre Times |language=en-US}}</ref> ''Mbuzeni'' yana magance matsalar marayu kuma 'yan mata biyar ne ke ba da labari, yayin da suke yin ba'a game da mutuwa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hofer |first=Alison |date=2019-11-20 |title=Contemporary plays by African women |journal=South African Theatre Journal |volume=32 |issue=2 |pages=186–190 |doi=10.1080/10137548.2019.1676571 |issn=1013-7548 |s2cid=213325447}}</ref> Boehmer yayi la'akari da Putuma a cikin wani littafi mai zurfi na waƙoƙin bayan mulkin mallaka da rubuce-rubucen gajeren labari, wanda zai iya jin ga mai karatu kamar "kira don aiki".<ref>{{Cite book|last3=Elleke Boehmer}}</ref> == Ayyuka == === Wasanni === * SCOOP: wasan kicin don masu kulawa da jarirai (2013) - wasan farko na Afirka ta Kudu da aka tsara don jarirai har zuwa watanni 12, tare da Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Magnet <ref name=":1" /> * ''Ekhaya'' - an rubuta shi don yara masu shekaru 2-7 <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2012-01-23 |title=ABOUT |url=https://cocoputuma.wordpress.com/about/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Koleka Putuma |language=en}}</ref> * ''UHM'' (2014) * ''Woza Sarafina'' (2016) * ''Mbuzeni"'' (2018) * No Easter Sunday for Queers (2019) - wasan kwaikwayo game da addini da queerness bisa ga ɗayan waƙoƙin Putuma.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma's Christian/ queer collision – The Mail & Guardian |url=https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2019-08-21-koleka-putumas-christian-queer-collision/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200110005150/https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2019-08-21-koleka-putumas-christian-queer-collision/ |archive-date=10 January 2020 |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-ZA}}</ref> === Waƙoƙi === * ''Imbebwu Yesini'' (2016, edita) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Putuma |first=Koleka |last2=Perez |first2=Javier |date=2016 |title=Imbewu Yesini |url=https://www.africabib.org/rec.php?RID=40895759X |access-date=May 8, 2021}}</ref> * ''Amnesia ta Jama'a''<nowiki/>'a (2017) * ''Muna da Duk abin da muke Bukatar Farawa'' (2024) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-03 |title=We Have Everything We Need To Start Again by Koleka Putuma |url=https://schoolreadinglist.co.uk/childrens-book-reviews/we-have-everything-we-need-to-start-again/ |access-date=2024-09-01 |website=School Reading List}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka == * Gasar Waƙoƙin Slame ta Kasa (2014) <ref name=":0"/> * PEN Kyautar Rubutun Dalibai ta Afirka ta Kudu (2016) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mulgrew |first=Nick |title=Announcing the PEN South Africa Student Writing Prize Winner {{!}} PEN South Africa |url=http://pensouthafrica.co.za/announcing-the-pen-south-africa-student-writing-prize-winner/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-US}}</ref> * Kyautar Mbokodo Rising Light (2017) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-06-02 |title=Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia Wins the Glenna Luschei Prize for African Poetry, Nick Makoha & Dami Ajayi Shortlisted |url=https://brittlepaper.com/2019/06/koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia-wins-2018-19-glenna-luschei-prize-for-african-poetry-nick-makoha-dami-ajayi-shortlisted/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Brittle Paper}}</ref> * Gasar Rubuce-rubucen SCrIBE (2018) <ref>{{Cite web |last=BWW News Desk |title=Koleka Putuma Announced As Winner Of 2018 SCrIBE Scriptwriting Competition |url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/south-africa/article/Koleka-Putuma-Announced-As-Winner-Of-2018-SCrIBE-Scriptwriting-Competition-20180928 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=BroadwayWorld.com |language=en}}</ref> * Forbes Afirka 30 a karkashin 30 Mai daraja (2018) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Africa |first=Forbes |date=2018-06-04 |title=Under 30 Creatives |url=https://www.forbesafrica.com/30-under-30/2018/06/04/under-30-creatives/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712004930/https://www.forbesafrica.com/30-under-30/2018/06/04/under-30-creatives/ |archive-date=12 July 2018 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Forbes Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> * Kyautar Glenna Luschei don Waƙoƙin Afirka (2018) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Prizes |url=http://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/prizes/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191230044343/http://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/prizes/ |archive-date=30 December 2019 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=African Poetry Book Fund |language=en-US}}</ref> * Gasar Wasanni ta Kasa ta Distell (2019) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-08-13 |title=OPEN CALL: 2020 Distell National Playwright Competition |url=https://10and5.com/2019/08/13/open-call-2020-distell-national-playwright-competition/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201206023044/https://10and5.com/2019/08/13/open-call-2020-distell-national-playwright-competition/ |archive-date=6 December 2020 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Between 10 and 5 |language=en-ZA}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1993]] 5xakl2cn773odk65j7m7eyqu576l5qm 826513 826512 2026-04-26T07:39:28Z Mahuta 11340 Reverted edits by [[Special:Contributions/Pharouqenr|Pharouqenr]] ([[User talk:Pharouqenr|talk]]) to last revision by [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] 725552 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Koleka Putuma''' (an haife ta a Port Elizabeth, 22 Maris 1993) mawaƙiya ce ta Afirka ta Kudu kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo. An zaɓe ta a matsayin daya daga cikin mata masu tasiri a kasar Okay Africa a shekarar 2019. == Tarihin rayuwa == An haifi Putuma a Port Elizabeth, Afirka ta Kudu, a cikin 1993. Ta yi karatu don digiri na BA a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo da wasan kwaikwayo a [[Jami'ar Cape Town]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma {{!}} Badilisha Poetry – Pan-African Poets |url=https://badilishapoetry.com/coco-putuma/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=badilishapoetry.com}}</ref> A shekara ta 2016, an ba ta lambar yabo ta rubuce-rubucen ɗaliban PEN don waka mai suna "Ruwa".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mulgrew |first=Nick |title=Water by Koleka Putuma {{!}} PEN South Africa |url=https://pensouthafrica.co.za/water-by-koleka-putuma/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-US}}</ref> Ana amfani da wannan waka a makarantu a matsayin tunatarwa cewa samun ruwa siyasa ne, tarihi da launin fata.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma: Water - Classroom - Art & Education |url=https://www.artandeducation.net/classroom/video/288707/koleka-putuma-water |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.artandeducation.net |language=en |archive-date=2020-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200111113912/https://www.artandeducation.net/classroom/video/288707/koleka-putuma-water |url-status=dead }}</ref> Jigogi masu maimaitawa a cikin aikin Putuma sune soyayya, queerness, gwagwarmayar mulkin mallaka da gadon wariyar launin fata, <ref>{{Cite web |title=PARSE |url=https://parsejournal.com/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=parsejournal.com |language=en-US}}</ref> da kuma haɗuwa da shugabanci tare da waɗannan ra'ayoyin da ainihi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 February 2017 |title=Koleka Putuma Talks Poetry Post-Patriarchy and Black Joy |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/koleka-putuma-talks-poetry-post-patriarchy-and-black-joy_uk_5c7e9763e4b078abc6c12232?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAAvrOm9Zp9hL5YJr49l1ilehUZhghF1AipxgX9A7YRVE5RqGLR8_KZg4nPuo-59iNR7jnpwDMF84L7wlQl7XpCLqg9trAVRyj_Kj44WOH5OUhXrZaN6243NqhQxpv14pRa5cpwJr9sjrgd6wcO2GXNdc587E07d0f-b3wwB0f1Uz |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=consent.yahoo.com}}</ref> Tana aiki a matsayin mai gabatar da gidan wasan kwaikwayo don Design Indaba kuma tana zaune a Cape Town. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Design Indaba appoints Koleka Putuma as theatre producer |url=https://www.bizcommunity.com/Article/196/415/185637.html |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.bizcommunity.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Poetry On The Road {{!}} May 22 – 27 2019 Koleka Putuma |url=http://www.poetry-on-the-road.com/authors/koleka-putuma/?lang=en |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421054015/http://www.poetry-on-the-road.com/authors/koleka-putuma/?lang=en |archive-date=21 April 2021 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.poetry-on-the-road.com}}</ref> === ''Amnesia ta Jama'a'' === Putuma first came to global attention with the publication of her poetry collection ''Collective Amnesia'', published by the South African poetry press uHlanga in 2017.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma, Collective Amnesia |url=http://uhlangapress.co.za/koleka-putuma-collective-amnesia |access-date=2021-08-09 |website=uHlanga |language=en-US}}</ref> It was released with complementary photography by Cape Town-based photographer Andy Mkosi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma's poems of celebration, grief and rage |url=https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2017-04-04-koleka-putumas-poems-of-celebration-grief-and-rage/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}{{Dead link|date=May 2023}}</ref> Within three months of its release, the book sold 2000 copies, had 17 launches across South Africa and was on the syllabus at two universities.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mkhabela |first=Sabelo |date=2017-07-22 |title=Koleka Putuma Is the Groundbreaking New Voice of South African Poetry |url=https://medium.com/@SabzaMK/koleka-putuma-is-the-groundbreaking-new-voice-of-south-african-poetry-d9cbed7feeed |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Medium |language=en}}</ref> After eight months, it had sold more than 5000 copies and Putuma had given performances of it across three continents.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gantsho |first=Vangile |date=2017-12-01 |title=Collective Amnesia, Koleka Putuma: reviews |url=https://journals.co.za/content/journal/10520/EJC-f65066330 |journal=New Coin Poetry |language=en |volume=53 |issue=2 |pages=77–80 |issn=0028-4459}}</ref> Its Spanish translation by Lawrence Schimel and [[Arrate Hidalgo]] was published in 2019,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Murua |first=James |author-link=James Murua |date=2018-11-19 |title=Koleka Putuma poetry collection "Collective Amnesia" now in Spanish. |url=https://www.writingafrica.com/koleka-putuma-poetry-collection-collective-amnesia-now-in-spanish/ |access-date=2024-05-11 |website=Writing Africa |language=en-GB}}</ref> and a Danish translation was published in 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma |url=https://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/apbf-authors/koleka-putuma/ |access-date=22 March 2024 |publisher=African Poetry Book Fuund |archive-date=22 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240322084843/https://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/apbf-authors/koleka-putuma/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> As of 2018, Putuma is the best-selling poet in South African history.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=d'Abdon |first=Raphael |date=2018-07-03 |title='You Say "Performance Poet", I Hear "Dance Nigger, Dance"': Problematizing the Notion of Performance Poetry in South Africa |journal=English Studies in Africa |volume=61 |issue=2 |pages=49–62 |doi=10.1080/00138398.2018.1540154 |issn=0013-8398 |s2cid=165926816}}</ref> Amnesia ta rukuni sananne ne saboda maimaita amfani da kalmar womxn, wanda aka nufa ya haɗa da [[Sauran rubutun mata|mata]] marasa fari da masu canza launin fata.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mathunjwa |first=Zimkhitha |date=12 June 2017 |title=Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia Insists On Visibility And Healing |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia-insists-on-visibility-and-hea_uk_5c7eab54e4b078abc6c2607e |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=consent.yahoo.com}}</ref> === Karɓar baƙi === Binciken Amnesia na Ƙungiya, Bongani Madondo na Johannesburg Review of Books ya yaba da Putuma a matsayin "masu basira".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-01 |title=Portrait of the poet as a young genius: Bongani Madondo reviews Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia |url=https://johannesburgreviewofbooks.com/2017/05/01/portrait-of-the-poet-as-a-young-genius-bongani-madondo-reviews-koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Johannesburg Review of Books |language=en-US}}</ref> Amnesia na rukuni ya zama babban rubutu don fahimtar Afirka ta Kudu ta bayan mulkin mallaka, musamman tare da mayar da hankali ga jikin mata baƙar fata da kuma asalin jinsi. Haith ya yi jayayya cewa tarin ya zama "abu ne na al'adu" na Afirka ta Kudu ta zamani, kamar yadda rubutu ne.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Haith |first=Chelsea |date=2018-08-02 |title='I question why I understand what she has said' – Language and decolonial justice in Koleka Putuma's debut poetry collection 'Collective Amnesia' |url=http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10053690/ |journal=MoveableType |volume=10 |pages=45 |doi=10.14324/111.1755-4527.081 |issn=1755-4527 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Shawarwarin Burger ya sanya amfani da ruwa na Putuma a matsayin na'urar wallafe-wallafen a cikin mahallin sauran mawaƙa na Afirka ta Kudu, kamar Ronelda S Kamfer .<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Burger |first=Bibi |date=2019-12-18 |title='Our respect for water is what you have termed fear': The Ocean in the Poetry of Ronelda S. Kamfer and Koleka Putuma |journal=Journal of Southern African Studies |volume=46 |pages=23–38 |doi=10.1080/03057070.2020.1697552 |issn=0305-7070 |s2cid=213424553 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Waƙar "Ruwa" ta zama mahimmin rubutu don binciken wallafe-wallafen hydrocolonialism.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hofmeyr |first=Isabel |date=2019-04-01 |title=Provisional Notes on Hydrocolonialism |journal=English Language Notes |language=en |volume=57 |issue=1 |pages=11–20 |doi=10.1215/00138282-7309644 |issn=0013-8282 |s2cid=167050340}}</ref> Pieterse ya jaddada rubuce-rubucen Putuma game da mace baƙar fata, tare da mawaki [[Sindiswa Busuku-Mathese]] . <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Pieterse |first=Annel |date=2018-01-02 |title=Knowledge and Unlearning in the Poetry of Koleka Putuma and Sindiswa Busuku-Mathese |journal=Scrutiny2 |volume=23 |issue=1 |pages=35–46 |doi=10.1080/18125441.2018.1505937 |issn=1812-5441 |s2cid=149735055 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Duk da yake waƙoƙin Putuma ne suka kawo ta zuwa matakin duniya, an kuma karɓi aikinta na mataki zuwa yabo mai mahimmanci, yana hulɗa da batutuwan siyasa na zamani. Wasanta No Easter Sunday for Queers ya jawo hankali ga nuna bambanci da 'yan mata a Afirka ta Kudu za su iya fuskanta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-06 |title=Koleka Putuma's "No Easter Sunday for Queers" |url=https://thetheatretimes.com/koleka-putuma-no-easter-sunday-queers/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Theatre Times |language=en-US}}</ref> ''Mbuzeni'' yana magance matsalar marayu kuma 'yan mata biyar ne ke ba da labari, yayin da suke yin ba'a game da mutuwa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hofer |first=Alison |date=2019-11-20 |title=Contemporary plays by African women |journal=South African Theatre Journal |volume=32 |issue=2 |pages=186–190 |doi=10.1080/10137548.2019.1676571 |issn=1013-7548 |s2cid=213325447}}</ref> Boehmer yayi la'akari da Putuma a cikin wani littafi mai zurfi na waƙoƙin bayan mulkin mallaka da rubuce-rubucen gajeren labari, wanda zai iya jin ga mai karatu kamar "kira don aiki".<ref>{{Cite book|last3=Elleke Boehmer}}</ref> == Ayyuka == === Wasanni === * SCOOP: wasan kicin don masu kulawa da jarirai (2013) - wasan farko na Afirka ta Kudu da aka tsara don jarirai har zuwa watanni 12, tare da Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Magnet <ref name=":1" /> * ''Ekhaya'' - an rubuta shi don yara masu shekaru 2-7 <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2012-01-23 |title=ABOUT |url=https://cocoputuma.wordpress.com/about/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Koleka Putuma |language=en}}</ref> * ''UHM'' (2014) * ''Woza Sarafina'' (2016) * ''Mbuzeni"'' (2018) * No Easter Sunday for Queers (2019) - wasan kwaikwayo game da addini da queerness bisa ga ɗayan waƙoƙin Putuma.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma's Christian/ queer collision – The Mail & Guardian |url=https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2019-08-21-koleka-putumas-christian-queer-collision/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200110005150/https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2019-08-21-koleka-putumas-christian-queer-collision/ |archive-date=10 January 2020 |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-ZA}}</ref> === Waƙoƙi === * ''Imbebwu Yesini'' (2016, edita) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Putuma |first=Koleka |last2=Perez |first2=Javier |date=2016 |title=Imbewu Yesini |url=https://www.africabib.org/rec.php?RID=40895759X |access-date=May 8, 2021}}</ref> * ''Amnesia ta Jama'a''<nowiki/>'a (2017) * ''Muna da Duk abin da muke Bukatar Farawa'' (2024) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-03 |title=We Have Everything We Need To Start Again by Koleka Putuma |url=https://schoolreadinglist.co.uk/childrens-book-reviews/we-have-everything-we-need-to-start-again/ |access-date=2024-09-01 |website=School Reading List}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka == * Gasar Waƙoƙin Slame ta Kasa (2014) <ref name=":0"/> * PEN Kyautar Rubutun Dalibai ta Afirka ta Kudu (2016) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mulgrew |first=Nick |title=Announcing the PEN South Africa Student Writing Prize Winner {{!}} PEN South Africa |url=http://pensouthafrica.co.za/announcing-the-pen-south-africa-student-writing-prize-winner/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-US}}</ref> * Kyautar Mbokodo Rising Light (2017) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-06-02 |title=Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia Wins the Glenna Luschei Prize for African Poetry, Nick Makoha & Dami Ajayi Shortlisted |url=https://brittlepaper.com/2019/06/koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia-wins-2018-19-glenna-luschei-prize-for-african-poetry-nick-makoha-dami-ajayi-shortlisted/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Brittle Paper}}</ref> * Gasar Rubuce-rubucen SCrIBE (2018) <ref>{{Cite web |last=BWW News Desk |title=Koleka Putuma Announced As Winner Of 2018 SCrIBE Scriptwriting Competition |url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/south-africa/article/Koleka-Putuma-Announced-As-Winner-Of-2018-SCrIBE-Scriptwriting-Competition-20180928 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=BroadwayWorld.com |language=en}}</ref> * Forbes Afirka 30 a karkashin 30 Mai daraja (2018) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Africa |first=Forbes |date=2018-06-04 |title=Under 30 Creatives |url=https://www.forbesafrica.com/30-under-30/2018/06/04/under-30-creatives/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712004930/https://www.forbesafrica.com/30-under-30/2018/06/04/under-30-creatives/ |archive-date=12 July 2018 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Forbes Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> * Kyautar Glenna Luschei don Waƙoƙin Afirka (2018) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Prizes |url=http://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/prizes/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191230044343/http://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/prizes/ |archive-date=30 December 2019 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=African Poetry Book Fund |language=en-US}}</ref> * Gasar Wasanni ta Kasa ta Distell (2019) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-08-13 |title=OPEN CALL: 2020 Distell National Playwright Competition |url=https://10and5.com/2019/08/13/open-call-2020-distell-national-playwright-competition/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201206023044/https://10and5.com/2019/08/13/open-call-2020-distell-national-playwright-competition/ |archive-date=6 December 2020 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Between 10 and 5 |language=en-ZA}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1993]] fh8h67gxb94jyki2l8ncynj8z54djk7 826514 826513 2026-04-26T07:39:40Z Pharouqenr 25549 826514 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Koleka Putuma''' (an haife ta a Port Elizabeth, 22 Maris 1993) mawaƙiya ce ta Afirka ta Kudu kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo. An zaɓe ta a matsayin daya daga cikin mata masu tasiri a kasar Okay Africa a shekarar 2019. == Tarihin rayuwa == An haifi Putuma a Port Elizabeth, Afirka ta Kudu, a cikin 1993. Ta yi karatu don digiri na BA a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo da wasan kwaikwayo a [[Jami'ar Cape Town]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma {{!}} Badilisha Poetry – Pan-African Poets |url=https://badilishapoetry.com/coco-putuma/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=badilishapoetry.com}}</ref> A shekara ta 2016, an ba ta lambar yabo ta rubuce-rubucen ɗaliban PEN don waka mai suna "Ruwa".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mulgrew |first=Nick |title=Water by Koleka Putuma {{!}} PEN South Africa |url=https://pensouthafrica.co.za/water-by-koleka-putuma/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-US}}</ref> Ana amfani da wannan waka a makarantu a matsayin tunatarwa cewa samun ruwa siyasa ne, tarihi da launin fata.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma: Water - Classroom - Art & Education |url=https://www.artandeducation.net/classroom/video/288707/koleka-putuma-water |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.artandeducation.net |language=en |archive-date=2020-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200111113912/https://www.artandeducation.net/classroom/video/288707/koleka-putuma-water |url-status=dead }}</ref> Jigogi masu maimaitawa a cikin aikin Putuma sune soyayya, queerness, gwagwarmayar mulkin mallaka da gadon wariyar launin fata, <ref>{{Cite web |title=PARSE |url=https://parsejournal.com/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=parsejournal.com |language=en-US}}</ref> da kuma haɗuwa da shugabanci tare da waɗannan ra'ayoyin da ainihi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 February 2017 |title=Koleka Putuma Talks Poetry Post-Patriarchy and Black Joy |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/koleka-putuma-talks-poetry-post-patriarchy-and-black-joy_uk_5c7e9763e4b078abc6c12232?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAAvrOm9Zp9hL5YJr49l1ilehUZhghF1AipxgX9A7YRVE5RqGLR8_KZg4nPuo-59iNR7jnpwDMF84L7wlQl7XpCLqg9trAVRyj_Kj44WOH5OUhXrZaN6243NqhQxpv14pRa5cpwJr9sjrgd6wcO2GXNdc587E07d0f-b3wwB0f1Uz |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=consent.yahoo.com}}</ref> Tana aiki a matsayin mai gabatar da gidan wasan kwaikwayo don Design Indaba kuma tana zaune a Cape Town. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Design Indaba appoints Koleka Putuma as theatre producer |url=https://www.bizcommunity.com/Article/196/415/185637.html |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.bizcommunity.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Poetry On The Road {{!}} May 22 – 27 2019 Koleka Putuma |url=http://www.poetry-on-the-road.com/authors/koleka-putuma/?lang=en |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421054015/http://www.poetry-on-the-road.com/authors/koleka-putuma/?lang=en |archive-date=21 April 2021 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.poetry-on-the-road.com}}</ref> === ''Amnesia ta Jama'a'' === Putuma first came to global attention with the publication of her poetry collection ''Collective Amnesia'', published by the South African poetry press uHlanga in 2017.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma, Collective Amnesia |url=http://uhlangapress.co.za/koleka-putuma-collective-amnesia |access-date=2021-08-09 |website=uHlanga |language=en-US}}</ref> It was released with complementary photography by Cape Town-based photographer Andy Mkosi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma's poems of celebration, grief and rage |url=https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2017-04-04-koleka-putumas-poems-of-celebration-grief-and-rage/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}{{Dead link|date=May 2023}}</ref> Within three months of its release, the book sold 2000 copies, had 17 launches across South Africa and was on the syllabus at two universities.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mkhabela |first=Sabelo |date=2017-07-22 |title=Koleka Putuma Is the Groundbreaking New Voice of South African Poetry |url=https://medium.com/@SabzaMK/koleka-putuma-is-the-groundbreaking-new-voice-of-south-african-poetry-d9cbed7feeed |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Medium |language=en}}</ref> After eight months, it had sold more than 5000 copies and Putuma had given performances of it across three continents.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gantsho |first=Vangile |date=2017-12-01 |title=Collective Amnesia, Koleka Putuma: reviews |url=https://journals.co.za/content/journal/10520/EJC-f65066330 |journal=New Coin Poetry |language=en |volume=53 |issue=2 |pages=77–80 |issn=0028-4459}}</ref> Its Spanish translation by Lawrence Schimel and [[Arrate Hidalgo]] was published in 2019,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Murua |first=James |author-link=James Murua |date=2018-11-19 |title=Koleka Putuma poetry collection "Collective Amnesia" now in Spanish. |url=https://www.writingafrica.com/koleka-putuma-poetry-collection-collective-amnesia-now-in-spanish/ |access-date=2024-05-11 |website=Writing Africa |language=en-GB}}</ref> and a Danish translation was published in 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma |url=https://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/apbf-authors/koleka-putuma/ |access-date=22 March 2024 |publisher=African Poetry Book Fuund |archive-date=22 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240322084843/https://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/apbf-authors/koleka-putuma/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> As of 2018, Putuma is the best-selling poet in South African history.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=d'Abdon |first=Raphael |date=2018-07-03 |title='You Say "Performance Poet", I Hear "Dance Nigger, Dance"': Problematizing the Notion of Performance Poetry in South Africa |journal=English Studies in Africa |volume=61 |issue=2 |pages=49–62 |doi=10.1080/00138398.2018.1540154 |issn=0013-8398 |s2cid=165926816}}</ref> Amnesia ta rukuni sananne ne saboda maimaita amfani da kalmar womxn, wanda aka nufa ya haɗa da [[Sauran rubutun mata|mata]] marasa fari da masu canza launin fata.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mathunjwa |first=Zimkhitha |date=12 June 2017 |title=Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia Insists On Visibility And Healing |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia-insists-on-visibility-and-hea_uk_5c7eab54e4b078abc6c2607e |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=consent.yahoo.com}}</ref> === Karɓar baƙi === Binciken Amnesia na Ƙungiya, Bongani Madondo na Johannesburg Review of Books ya yaba da Putuma a matsayin "masu basira".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-01 |title=Portrait of the poet as a young genius: Bongani Madondo reviews Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia |url=https://johannesburgreviewofbooks.com/2017/05/01/portrait-of-the-poet-as-a-young-genius-bongani-madondo-reviews-koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Johannesburg Review of Books |language=en-US}}</ref> Amnesia na rukuni ya zama babban rubutu don fahimtar Afirka ta Kudu ta bayan mulkin mallaka, musamman tare da mayar da hankali ga jikin mata baƙar fata da kuma asalin jinsi. Haith ya yi jayayya cewa tarin ya zama "abu ne na al'adu" na Afirka ta Kudu ta zamani, kamar yadda rubutu ne.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Haith |first=Chelsea |date=2018-08-02 |title='I question why I understand what she has said' – Language and decolonial justice in Koleka Putuma's debut poetry collection 'Collective Amnesia' |url=http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10053690/ |journal=MoveableType |volume=10 |pages=45 |doi=10.14324/111.1755-4527.081 |issn=1755-4527 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Shawarwarin Burger ya sanya amfani da ruwa na Putuma a matsayin na'urar wallafe-wallafen a cikin mahallin sauran mawaƙa na Afirka ta Kudu, kamar Ronelda S Kamfer .<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Burger |first=Bibi |date=2019-12-18 |title='Our respect for water is what you have termed fear': The Ocean in the Poetry of Ronelda S. Kamfer and Koleka Putuma |journal=Journal of Southern African Studies |volume=46 |pages=23–38 |doi=10.1080/03057070.2020.1697552 |issn=0305-7070 |s2cid=213424553 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Waƙar "Ruwa" ta zama mahimmin rubutu don binciken wallafe-wallafen hydrocolonialism.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hofmeyr |first=Isabel |date=2019-04-01 |title=Provisional Notes on Hydrocolonialism |journal=English Language Notes |language=en |volume=57 |issue=1 |pages=11–20 |doi=10.1215/00138282-7309644 |issn=0013-8282 |s2cid=167050340}}</ref> Pieterse ya jaddada rubuce-rubucen Putuma game da mace baƙar fata, tare da mawaki [[Sindiswa Busuku-Mathese]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Pieterse |first=Annel |date=2018-01-02 |title=Knowledge and Unlearning in the Poetry of Koleka Putuma and Sindiswa Busuku-Mathese |journal=Scrutiny2 |volume=23 |issue=1 |pages=35–46 |doi=10.1080/18125441.2018.1505937 |issn=1812-5441 |s2cid=149735055 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Duk da yake waƙoƙin Putuma ne suka kawo ta zuwa matakin duniya, an kuma karɓi aikinta na mataki zuwa yabo mai mahimmanci, yana hulɗa da batutuwan siyasa na zamani. Wasanta No Easter Sunday for Queers ya jawo hankali ga nuna bambanci da 'yan mata a Afirka ta Kudu za su iya fuskanta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-06 |title=Koleka Putuma's "No Easter Sunday for Queers" |url=https://thetheatretimes.com/koleka-putuma-no-easter-sunday-queers/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Theatre Times |language=en-US}}</ref> ''Mbuzeni'' yana magance matsalar marayu kuma 'yan mata biyar ne ke ba da labari, yayin da suke yin ba'a game da mutuwa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hofer |first=Alison |date=2019-11-20 |title=Contemporary plays by African women |journal=South African Theatre Journal |volume=32 |issue=2 |pages=186–190 |doi=10.1080/10137548.2019.1676571 |issn=1013-7548 |s2cid=213325447}}</ref> Boehmer yayi la'akari da Putuma a cikin wani littafi mai zurfi na waƙoƙin bayan mulkin mallaka da rubuce-rubucen gajeren labari, wanda zai iya jin ga mai karatu kamar "kira don aiki".<ref>{{Cite book|last3=Elleke Boehmer}}</ref> == Ayyuka == === Wasanni === * SCOOP: wasan kicin don masu kulawa da jarirai (2013) - wasan farko na Afirka ta Kudu da aka tsara don jarirai har zuwa watanni 12, tare da Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Magnet <ref name=":1" /> * ''Ekhaya'' - an rubuta shi don yara masu shekaru 2-7 <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2012-01-23 |title=ABOUT |url=https://cocoputuma.wordpress.com/about/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Koleka Putuma |language=en}}</ref> * ''UHM'' (2014) * ''Woza Sarafina'' (2016) * ''Mbuzeni"'' (2018) * No Easter Sunday for Queers (2019) - wasan kwaikwayo game da addini da queerness bisa ga ɗayan waƙoƙin Putuma.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma's Christian/ queer collision – The Mail & Guardian |url=https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2019-08-21-koleka-putumas-christian-queer-collision/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200110005150/https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2019-08-21-koleka-putumas-christian-queer-collision/ |archive-date=10 January 2020 |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-ZA}}</ref> === Waƙoƙi === * ''Imbebwu Yesini'' (2016, edita) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Putuma |first=Koleka |last2=Perez |first2=Javier |date=2016 |title=Imbewu Yesini |url=https://www.africabib.org/rec.php?RID=40895759X |access-date=May 8, 2021}}</ref> * ''Amnesia ta Jama'a''<nowiki/>'a (2017) * ''Muna da Duk abin da muke Bukatar Farawa'' (2024) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-03 |title=We Have Everything We Need To Start Again by Koleka Putuma |url=https://schoolreadinglist.co.uk/childrens-book-reviews/we-have-everything-we-need-to-start-again/ |access-date=2024-09-01 |website=School Reading List}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka == * Gasar Waƙoƙin Slame ta Kasa (2014) <ref name=":0"/> * PEN Kyautar Rubutun Dalibai ta Afirka ta Kudu (2016) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mulgrew |first=Nick |title=Announcing the PEN South Africa Student Writing Prize Winner {{!}} PEN South Africa |url=http://pensouthafrica.co.za/announcing-the-pen-south-africa-student-writing-prize-winner/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-US}}</ref> * Kyautar Mbokodo Rising Light (2017) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-06-02 |title=Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia Wins the Glenna Luschei Prize for African Poetry, Nick Makoha & Dami Ajayi Shortlisted |url=https://brittlepaper.com/2019/06/koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia-wins-2018-19-glenna-luschei-prize-for-african-poetry-nick-makoha-dami-ajayi-shortlisted/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Brittle Paper}}</ref> * Gasar Rubuce-rubucen SCrIBE (2018) <ref>{{Cite web |last=BWW News Desk |title=Koleka Putuma Announced As Winner Of 2018 SCrIBE Scriptwriting Competition |url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/south-africa/article/Koleka-Putuma-Announced-As-Winner-Of-2018-SCrIBE-Scriptwriting-Competition-20180928 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=BroadwayWorld.com |language=en}}</ref> * Forbes Afirka 30 a karkashin 30 Mai daraja (2018) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Africa |first=Forbes |date=2018-06-04 |title=Under 30 Creatives |url=https://www.forbesafrica.com/30-under-30/2018/06/04/under-30-creatives/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712004930/https://www.forbesafrica.com/30-under-30/2018/06/04/under-30-creatives/ |archive-date=12 July 2018 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Forbes Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> * Kyautar Glenna Luschei don Waƙoƙin Afirka (2018) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Prizes |url=http://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/prizes/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191230044343/http://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/prizes/ |archive-date=30 December 2019 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=African Poetry Book Fund |language=en-US}}</ref> * Gasar Wasanni ta Kasa ta Distell (2019) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-08-13 |title=OPEN CALL: 2020 Distell National Playwright Competition |url=https://10and5.com/2019/08/13/open-call-2020-distell-national-playwright-competition/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201206023044/https://10and5.com/2019/08/13/open-call-2020-distell-national-playwright-competition/ |archive-date=6 December 2020 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Between 10 and 5 |language=en-ZA}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1993]] esyvl1jdzk9v5vo4n6zhtihld1eqtev 826517 826514 2026-04-26T07:40:04Z Pharouqenr 25549 826517 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Koleka Putuma''' (an haife ta a Port Elizabeth, 22 Maris 1993) mawaƙiya ce ta Afirka ta Kudu kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo. An zaɓe ta a matsayin daya daga cikin mata masu tasiri a kasar Okay Africa a shekarar 2019. == Tarihin rayuwa == An haifi Putuma a Port Elizabeth, Afirka ta Kudu, a cikin 1993. Ta yi karatu don digiri na BA a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo da wasan kwaikwayo a [[Jami'ar Cape Town]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma {{!}} Badilisha Poetry – Pan-African Poets |url=https://badilishapoetry.com/coco-putuma/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=badilishapoetry.com}}</ref> A shekara ta 2016, an ba ta lambar yabo ta rubuce-rubucen ɗaliban PEN don waka mai suna "Ruwa".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mulgrew |first=Nick |title=Water by Koleka Putuma {{!}} PEN South Africa |url=https://pensouthafrica.co.za/water-by-koleka-putuma/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-US}}</ref> Ana amfani da wannan waka a makarantu a matsayin tunatarwa cewa samun ruwa siyasa ne, tarihi da launin fata.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma: Water - Classroom - Art & Education |url=https://www.artandeducation.net/classroom/video/288707/koleka-putuma-water |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.artandeducation.net |language=en |archive-date=2020-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200111113912/https://www.artandeducation.net/classroom/video/288707/koleka-putuma-water |url-status=dead }}</ref> Jigogi masu maimaitawa a cikin aikin Putuma sune soyayya, queerness, gwagwarmayar mulkin mallaka da gadon wariyar launin fata, <ref>{{Cite web |title=PARSE |url=https://parsejournal.com/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=parsejournal.com |language=en-US}}</ref> da kuma haɗuwa da shugabanci tare da waɗannan ra'ayoyin da ainihi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 February 2017 |title=Koleka Putuma Talks Poetry Post-Patriarchy and Black Joy |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/koleka-putuma-talks-poetry-post-patriarchy-and-black-joy_uk_5c7e9763e4b078abc6c12232?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAAvrOm9Zp9hL5YJr49l1ilehUZhghF1AipxgX9A7YRVE5RqGLR8_KZg4nPuo-59iNR7jnpwDMF84L7wlQl7XpCLqg9trAVRyj_Kj44WOH5OUhXrZaN6243NqhQxpv14pRa5cpwJr9sjrgd6wcO2GXNdc587E07d0f-b3wwB0f1Uz |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=consent.yahoo.com}}</ref> Tana aiki a matsayin mai gabatar da gidan wasan kwaikwayo don Design Indaba kuma tana zaune a Cape Town. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Design Indaba appoints Koleka Putuma as theatre producer |url=https://www.bizcommunity.com/Article/196/415/185637.html |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.bizcommunity.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Poetry On The Road {{!}} May 22 – 27 2019 Koleka Putuma |url=http://www.poetry-on-the-road.com/authors/koleka-putuma/?lang=en |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421054015/http://www.poetry-on-the-road.com/authors/koleka-putuma/?lang=en |archive-date=21 April 2021 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.poetry-on-the-road.com}}</ref> === ''Amnesia ta Jama'a'' === Putuma first came to global attention with the publication of her poetry collection ''Collective Amnesia'', published by the South African poetry press uHlanga in 2017.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma, Collective Amnesia |url=http://uhlangapress.co.za/koleka-putuma-collective-amnesia |access-date=2021-08-09 |website=uHlanga |language=en-US}}</ref> It was released with complementary photography by Cape Town-based photographer Andy Mkosi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma's poems of celebration, grief and rage |url=https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2017-04-04-koleka-putumas-poems-of-celebration-grief-and-rage/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}{{Dead link|date=May 2023}}</ref> Within three months of its release, the book sold 2000 copies, had 17 launches across South Africa and was on the syllabus at two universities.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mkhabela |first=Sabelo |date=2017-07-22 |title=Koleka Putuma Is the Groundbreaking New Voice of South African Poetry |url=https://medium.com/@SabzaMK/koleka-putuma-is-the-groundbreaking-new-voice-of-south-african-poetry-d9cbed7feeed |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Medium |language=en}}</ref> After eight months, it had sold more than 5000 copies and Putuma had given performances of it across three continents.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gantsho |first=Vangile |date=2017-12-01 |title=Collective Amnesia, Koleka Putuma: reviews |url=https://journals.co.za/content/journal/10520/EJC-f65066330 |journal=New Coin Poetry |language=en |volume=53 |issue=2 |pages=77–80 |issn=0028-4459}}</ref> Its Spanish translation by Lawrence Schimel and Arrate Hidalgo was published in 2019,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Murua |first=James |author-link=James Murua |date=2018-11-19 |title=Koleka Putuma poetry collection "Collective Amnesia" now in Spanish. |url=https://www.writingafrica.com/koleka-putuma-poetry-collection-collective-amnesia-now-in-spanish/ |access-date=2024-05-11 |website=Writing Africa |language=en-GB}}</ref> and a Danish translation was published in 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma |url=https://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/apbf-authors/koleka-putuma/ |access-date=22 March 2024 |publisher=African Poetry Book Fuund |archive-date=22 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240322084843/https://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/apbf-authors/koleka-putuma/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> As of 2018, Putuma is the best-selling poet in South African history.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=d'Abdon |first=Raphael |date=2018-07-03 |title='You Say "Performance Poet", I Hear "Dance Nigger, Dance"': Problematizing the Notion of Performance Poetry in South Africa |journal=English Studies in Africa |volume=61 |issue=2 |pages=49–62 |doi=10.1080/00138398.2018.1540154 |issn=0013-8398 |s2cid=165926816}}</ref> Amnesia ta rukuni sananne ne saboda maimaita amfani da kalmar womxn, wanda aka nufa ya haɗa da [[Sauran rubutun mata|mata]] marasa fari da masu canza launin fata.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mathunjwa |first=Zimkhitha |date=12 June 2017 |title=Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia Insists On Visibility And Healing |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia-insists-on-visibility-and-hea_uk_5c7eab54e4b078abc6c2607e |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=consent.yahoo.com}}</ref> === Karɓar baƙi === Binciken Amnesia na Ƙungiya, Bongani Madondo na Johannesburg Review of Books ya yaba da Putuma a matsayin "masu basira".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-01 |title=Portrait of the poet as a young genius: Bongani Madondo reviews Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia |url=https://johannesburgreviewofbooks.com/2017/05/01/portrait-of-the-poet-as-a-young-genius-bongani-madondo-reviews-koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Johannesburg Review of Books |language=en-US}}</ref> Amnesia na rukuni ya zama babban rubutu don fahimtar Afirka ta Kudu ta bayan mulkin mallaka, musamman tare da mayar da hankali ga jikin mata baƙar fata da kuma asalin jinsi. Haith ya yi jayayya cewa tarin ya zama "abu ne na al'adu" na Afirka ta Kudu ta zamani, kamar yadda rubutu ne.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Haith |first=Chelsea |date=2018-08-02 |title='I question why I understand what she has said' – Language and decolonial justice in Koleka Putuma's debut poetry collection 'Collective Amnesia' |url=http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10053690/ |journal=MoveableType |volume=10 |pages=45 |doi=10.14324/111.1755-4527.081 |issn=1755-4527 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Shawarwarin Burger ya sanya amfani da ruwa na Putuma a matsayin na'urar wallafe-wallafen a cikin mahallin sauran mawaƙa na Afirka ta Kudu, kamar Ronelda S Kamfer .<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Burger |first=Bibi |date=2019-12-18 |title='Our respect for water is what you have termed fear': The Ocean in the Poetry of Ronelda S. Kamfer and Koleka Putuma |journal=Journal of Southern African Studies |volume=46 |pages=23–38 |doi=10.1080/03057070.2020.1697552 |issn=0305-7070 |s2cid=213424553 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Waƙar "Ruwa" ta zama mahimmin rubutu don binciken wallafe-wallafen hydrocolonialism.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hofmeyr |first=Isabel |date=2019-04-01 |title=Provisional Notes on Hydrocolonialism |journal=English Language Notes |language=en |volume=57 |issue=1 |pages=11–20 |doi=10.1215/00138282-7309644 |issn=0013-8282 |s2cid=167050340}}</ref> Pieterse ya jaddada rubuce-rubucen Putuma game da mace baƙar fata, tare da mawaki [[Sindiswa Busuku-Mathese]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Pieterse |first=Annel |date=2018-01-02 |title=Knowledge and Unlearning in the Poetry of Koleka Putuma and Sindiswa Busuku-Mathese |journal=Scrutiny2 |volume=23 |issue=1 |pages=35–46 |doi=10.1080/18125441.2018.1505937 |issn=1812-5441 |s2cid=149735055 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Duk da yake waƙoƙin Putuma ne suka kawo ta zuwa matakin duniya, an kuma karɓi aikinta na mataki zuwa yabo mai mahimmanci, yana hulɗa da batutuwan siyasa na zamani. Wasanta No Easter Sunday for Queers ya jawo hankali ga nuna bambanci da 'yan mata a Afirka ta Kudu za su iya fuskanta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-06 |title=Koleka Putuma's "No Easter Sunday for Queers" |url=https://thetheatretimes.com/koleka-putuma-no-easter-sunday-queers/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Theatre Times |language=en-US}}</ref> ''Mbuzeni'' yana magance matsalar marayu kuma 'yan mata biyar ne ke ba da labari, yayin da suke yin ba'a game da mutuwa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hofer |first=Alison |date=2019-11-20 |title=Contemporary plays by African women |journal=South African Theatre Journal |volume=32 |issue=2 |pages=186–190 |doi=10.1080/10137548.2019.1676571 |issn=1013-7548 |s2cid=213325447}}</ref> Boehmer yayi la'akari da Putuma a cikin wani littafi mai zurfi na waƙoƙin bayan mulkin mallaka da rubuce-rubucen gajeren labari, wanda zai iya jin ga mai karatu kamar "kira don aiki".<ref>{{Cite book|last3=Elleke Boehmer}}</ref> == Ayyuka == === Wasanni === * SCOOP: wasan kicin don masu kulawa da jarirai (2013) - wasan farko na Afirka ta Kudu da aka tsara don jarirai har zuwa watanni 12, tare da Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Magnet <ref name=":1" /> * ''Ekhaya'' - an rubuta shi don yara masu shekaru 2-7 <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2012-01-23 |title=ABOUT |url=https://cocoputuma.wordpress.com/about/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Koleka Putuma |language=en}}</ref> * ''UHM'' (2014) * ''Woza Sarafina'' (2016) * ''Mbuzeni"'' (2018) * No Easter Sunday for Queers (2019) - wasan kwaikwayo game da addini da queerness bisa ga ɗayan waƙoƙin Putuma.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma's Christian/ queer collision – The Mail & Guardian |url=https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2019-08-21-koleka-putumas-christian-queer-collision/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200110005150/https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2019-08-21-koleka-putumas-christian-queer-collision/ |archive-date=10 January 2020 |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-ZA}}</ref> === Waƙoƙi === * ''Imbebwu Yesini'' (2016, edita) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Putuma |first=Koleka |last2=Perez |first2=Javier |date=2016 |title=Imbewu Yesini |url=https://www.africabib.org/rec.php?RID=40895759X |access-date=May 8, 2021}}</ref> * ''Amnesia ta Jama'a''<nowiki/>'a (2017) * ''Muna da Duk abin da muke Bukatar Farawa'' (2024) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-03 |title=We Have Everything We Need To Start Again by Koleka Putuma |url=https://schoolreadinglist.co.uk/childrens-book-reviews/we-have-everything-we-need-to-start-again/ |access-date=2024-09-01 |website=School Reading List}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka == * Gasar Waƙoƙin Slame ta Kasa (2014) <ref name=":0"/> * PEN Kyautar Rubutun Dalibai ta Afirka ta Kudu (2016) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mulgrew |first=Nick |title=Announcing the PEN South Africa Student Writing Prize Winner {{!}} PEN South Africa |url=http://pensouthafrica.co.za/announcing-the-pen-south-africa-student-writing-prize-winner/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-US}}</ref> * Kyautar Mbokodo Rising Light (2017) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-06-02 |title=Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia Wins the Glenna Luschei Prize for African Poetry, Nick Makoha & Dami Ajayi Shortlisted |url=https://brittlepaper.com/2019/06/koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia-wins-2018-19-glenna-luschei-prize-for-african-poetry-nick-makoha-dami-ajayi-shortlisted/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Brittle Paper}}</ref> * Gasar Rubuce-rubucen SCrIBE (2018) <ref>{{Cite web |last=BWW News Desk |title=Koleka Putuma Announced As Winner Of 2018 SCrIBE Scriptwriting Competition |url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/south-africa/article/Koleka-Putuma-Announced-As-Winner-Of-2018-SCrIBE-Scriptwriting-Competition-20180928 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=BroadwayWorld.com |language=en}}</ref> * Forbes Afirka 30 a karkashin 30 Mai daraja (2018) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Africa |first=Forbes |date=2018-06-04 |title=Under 30 Creatives |url=https://www.forbesafrica.com/30-under-30/2018/06/04/under-30-creatives/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712004930/https://www.forbesafrica.com/30-under-30/2018/06/04/under-30-creatives/ |archive-date=12 July 2018 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Forbes Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> * Kyautar Glenna Luschei don Waƙoƙin Afirka (2018) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Prizes |url=http://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/prizes/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191230044343/http://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/prizes/ |archive-date=30 December 2019 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=African Poetry Book Fund |language=en-US}}</ref> * Gasar Wasanni ta Kasa ta Distell (2019) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-08-13 |title=OPEN CALL: 2020 Distell National Playwright Competition |url=https://10and5.com/2019/08/13/open-call-2020-distell-national-playwright-competition/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201206023044/https://10and5.com/2019/08/13/open-call-2020-distell-national-playwright-competition/ |archive-date=6 December 2020 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Between 10 and 5 |language=en-ZA}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1993]] diuvtryxzuah6udbxrw7fbvf17owwox 826519 826517 2026-04-26T07:40:21Z Pharouqenr 25549 826519 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Koleka Putuma''' (an haife ta a Port Elizabeth, 22 Maris 1993) mawaƙiya ce ta Afirka ta Kudu kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo. An zaɓe ta a matsayin daya daga cikin mata masu tasiri a kasar Okay Africa a shekarar 2019. == Tarihin rayuwa == An haifi Putuma a Port Elizabeth, Afirka ta Kudu, a cikin 1993. Ta yi karatu don digiri na BA a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo da wasan kwaikwayo a [[Jami'ar Cape Town]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma {{!}} Badilisha Poetry – Pan-African Poets |url=https://badilishapoetry.com/coco-putuma/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=badilishapoetry.com}}</ref> A shekara ta 2016, an ba ta lambar yabo ta rubuce-rubucen ɗaliban PEN don waka mai suna "Ruwa".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mulgrew |first=Nick |title=Water by Koleka Putuma {{!}} PEN South Africa |url=https://pensouthafrica.co.za/water-by-koleka-putuma/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-US}}</ref> Ana amfani da wannan waka a makarantu a matsayin tunatarwa cewa samun ruwa siyasa ne, tarihi da launin fata.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma: Water - Classroom - Art & Education |url=https://www.artandeducation.net/classroom/video/288707/koleka-putuma-water |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.artandeducation.net |language=en |archive-date=2020-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200111113912/https://www.artandeducation.net/classroom/video/288707/koleka-putuma-water |url-status=dead }}</ref> Jigogi masu maimaitawa a cikin aikin Putuma sune soyayya, queerness, gwagwarmayar mulkin mallaka da gadon wariyar launin fata, <ref>{{Cite web |title=PARSE |url=https://parsejournal.com/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=parsejournal.com |language=en-US}}</ref> da kuma haɗuwa da shugabanci tare da waɗannan ra'ayoyin da ainihi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 February 2017 |title=Koleka Putuma Talks Poetry Post-Patriarchy and Black Joy |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/koleka-putuma-talks-poetry-post-patriarchy-and-black-joy_uk_5c7e9763e4b078abc6c12232?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAAvrOm9Zp9hL5YJr49l1ilehUZhghF1AipxgX9A7YRVE5RqGLR8_KZg4nPuo-59iNR7jnpwDMF84L7wlQl7XpCLqg9trAVRyj_Kj44WOH5OUhXrZaN6243NqhQxpv14pRa5cpwJr9sjrgd6wcO2GXNdc587E07d0f-b3wwB0f1Uz |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=consent.yahoo.com}}</ref> Tana aiki a matsayin mai gabatar da gidan wasan kwaikwayo don Design Indaba kuma tana zaune a Cape Town.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Design Indaba appoints Koleka Putuma as theatre producer |url=https://www.bizcommunity.com/Article/196/415/185637.html |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.bizcommunity.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Poetry On The Road {{!}} May 22 – 27 2019 Koleka Putuma |url=http://www.poetry-on-the-road.com/authors/koleka-putuma/?lang=en |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421054015/http://www.poetry-on-the-road.com/authors/koleka-putuma/?lang=en |archive-date=21 April 2021 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.poetry-on-the-road.com}}</ref> === ''Amnesia ta Jama'a'' === Putuma first came to global attention with the publication of her poetry collection ''Collective Amnesia'', published by the South African poetry press uHlanga in 2017.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma, Collective Amnesia |url=http://uhlangapress.co.za/koleka-putuma-collective-amnesia |access-date=2021-08-09 |website=uHlanga |language=en-US}}</ref> It was released with complementary photography by Cape Town-based photographer Andy Mkosi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma's poems of celebration, grief and rage |url=https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2017-04-04-koleka-putumas-poems-of-celebration-grief-and-rage/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}{{Dead link|date=May 2023}}</ref> Within three months of its release, the book sold 2000 copies, had 17 launches across South Africa and was on the syllabus at two universities.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mkhabela |first=Sabelo |date=2017-07-22 |title=Koleka Putuma Is the Groundbreaking New Voice of South African Poetry |url=https://medium.com/@SabzaMK/koleka-putuma-is-the-groundbreaking-new-voice-of-south-african-poetry-d9cbed7feeed |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Medium |language=en}}</ref> After eight months, it had sold more than 5000 copies and Putuma had given performances of it across three continents.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gantsho |first=Vangile |date=2017-12-01 |title=Collective Amnesia, Koleka Putuma: reviews |url=https://journals.co.za/content/journal/10520/EJC-f65066330 |journal=New Coin Poetry |language=en |volume=53 |issue=2 |pages=77–80 |issn=0028-4459}}</ref> Its Spanish translation by Lawrence Schimel and Arrate Hidalgo was published in 2019,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Murua |first=James |author-link=James Murua |date=2018-11-19 |title=Koleka Putuma poetry collection "Collective Amnesia" now in Spanish. |url=https://www.writingafrica.com/koleka-putuma-poetry-collection-collective-amnesia-now-in-spanish/ |access-date=2024-05-11 |website=Writing Africa |language=en-GB}}</ref> and a Danish translation was published in 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma |url=https://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/apbf-authors/koleka-putuma/ |access-date=22 March 2024 |publisher=African Poetry Book Fuund |archive-date=22 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240322084843/https://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/apbf-authors/koleka-putuma/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> As of 2018, Putuma is the best-selling poet in South African history.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=d'Abdon |first=Raphael |date=2018-07-03 |title='You Say "Performance Poet", I Hear "Dance Nigger, Dance"': Problematizing the Notion of Performance Poetry in South Africa |journal=English Studies in Africa |volume=61 |issue=2 |pages=49–62 |doi=10.1080/00138398.2018.1540154 |issn=0013-8398 |s2cid=165926816}}</ref> Amnesia ta rukuni sananne ne saboda maimaita amfani da kalmar womxn, wanda aka nufa ya haɗa da [[Sauran rubutun mata|mata]] marasa fari da masu canza launin fata.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mathunjwa |first=Zimkhitha |date=12 June 2017 |title=Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia Insists On Visibility And Healing |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia-insists-on-visibility-and-hea_uk_5c7eab54e4b078abc6c2607e |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=consent.yahoo.com}}</ref> === Karɓar baƙi === Binciken Amnesia na Ƙungiya, Bongani Madondo na Johannesburg Review of Books ya yaba da Putuma a matsayin "masu basira".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-01 |title=Portrait of the poet as a young genius: Bongani Madondo reviews Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia |url=https://johannesburgreviewofbooks.com/2017/05/01/portrait-of-the-poet-as-a-young-genius-bongani-madondo-reviews-koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Johannesburg Review of Books |language=en-US}}</ref> Amnesia na rukuni ya zama babban rubutu don fahimtar Afirka ta Kudu ta bayan mulkin mallaka, musamman tare da mayar da hankali ga jikin mata baƙar fata da kuma asalin jinsi. Haith ya yi jayayya cewa tarin ya zama "abu ne na al'adu" na Afirka ta Kudu ta zamani, kamar yadda rubutu ne.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Haith |first=Chelsea |date=2018-08-02 |title='I question why I understand what she has said' – Language and decolonial justice in Koleka Putuma's debut poetry collection 'Collective Amnesia' |url=http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10053690/ |journal=MoveableType |volume=10 |pages=45 |doi=10.14324/111.1755-4527.081 |issn=1755-4527 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Shawarwarin Burger ya sanya amfani da ruwa na Putuma a matsayin na'urar wallafe-wallafen a cikin mahallin sauran mawaƙa na Afirka ta Kudu, kamar Ronelda S Kamfer .<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Burger |first=Bibi |date=2019-12-18 |title='Our respect for water is what you have termed fear': The Ocean in the Poetry of Ronelda S. Kamfer and Koleka Putuma |journal=Journal of Southern African Studies |volume=46 |pages=23–38 |doi=10.1080/03057070.2020.1697552 |issn=0305-7070 |s2cid=213424553 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Waƙar "Ruwa" ta zama mahimmin rubutu don binciken wallafe-wallafen hydrocolonialism.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hofmeyr |first=Isabel |date=2019-04-01 |title=Provisional Notes on Hydrocolonialism |journal=English Language Notes |language=en |volume=57 |issue=1 |pages=11–20 |doi=10.1215/00138282-7309644 |issn=0013-8282 |s2cid=167050340}}</ref> Pieterse ya jaddada rubuce-rubucen Putuma game da mace baƙar fata, tare da mawaki [[Sindiswa Busuku-Mathese]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Pieterse |first=Annel |date=2018-01-02 |title=Knowledge and Unlearning in the Poetry of Koleka Putuma and Sindiswa Busuku-Mathese |journal=Scrutiny2 |volume=23 |issue=1 |pages=35–46 |doi=10.1080/18125441.2018.1505937 |issn=1812-5441 |s2cid=149735055 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Duk da yake waƙoƙin Putuma ne suka kawo ta zuwa matakin duniya, an kuma karɓi aikinta na mataki zuwa yabo mai mahimmanci, yana hulɗa da batutuwan siyasa na zamani. Wasanta No Easter Sunday for Queers ya jawo hankali ga nuna bambanci da 'yan mata a Afirka ta Kudu za su iya fuskanta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-06 |title=Koleka Putuma's "No Easter Sunday for Queers" |url=https://thetheatretimes.com/koleka-putuma-no-easter-sunday-queers/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Theatre Times |language=en-US}}</ref> ''Mbuzeni'' yana magance matsalar marayu kuma 'yan mata biyar ne ke ba da labari, yayin da suke yin ba'a game da mutuwa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hofer |first=Alison |date=2019-11-20 |title=Contemporary plays by African women |journal=South African Theatre Journal |volume=32 |issue=2 |pages=186–190 |doi=10.1080/10137548.2019.1676571 |issn=1013-7548 |s2cid=213325447}}</ref> Boehmer yayi la'akari da Putuma a cikin wani littafi mai zurfi na waƙoƙin bayan mulkin mallaka da rubuce-rubucen gajeren labari, wanda zai iya jin ga mai karatu kamar "kira don aiki".<ref>{{Cite book|last3=Elleke Boehmer}}</ref> == Ayyuka == === Wasanni === * SCOOP: wasan kicin don masu kulawa da jarirai (2013) - wasan farko na Afirka ta Kudu da aka tsara don jarirai har zuwa watanni 12, tare da Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Magnet <ref name=":1" /> * ''Ekhaya'' - an rubuta shi don yara masu shekaru 2-7 <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2012-01-23 |title=ABOUT |url=https://cocoputuma.wordpress.com/about/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Koleka Putuma |language=en}}</ref> * ''UHM'' (2014) * ''Woza Sarafina'' (2016) * ''Mbuzeni"'' (2018) * No Easter Sunday for Queers (2019) - wasan kwaikwayo game da addini da queerness bisa ga ɗayan waƙoƙin Putuma.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma's Christian/ queer collision – The Mail & Guardian |url=https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2019-08-21-koleka-putumas-christian-queer-collision/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200110005150/https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2019-08-21-koleka-putumas-christian-queer-collision/ |archive-date=10 January 2020 |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-ZA}}</ref> === Waƙoƙi === * ''Imbebwu Yesini'' (2016, edita) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Putuma |first=Koleka |last2=Perez |first2=Javier |date=2016 |title=Imbewu Yesini |url=https://www.africabib.org/rec.php?RID=40895759X |access-date=May 8, 2021}}</ref> * ''Amnesia ta Jama'a''<nowiki/>'a (2017) * ''Muna da Duk abin da muke Bukatar Farawa'' (2024) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-03 |title=We Have Everything We Need To Start Again by Koleka Putuma |url=https://schoolreadinglist.co.uk/childrens-book-reviews/we-have-everything-we-need-to-start-again/ |access-date=2024-09-01 |website=School Reading List}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka == * Gasar Waƙoƙin Slame ta Kasa (2014) <ref name=":0"/> * PEN Kyautar Rubutun Dalibai ta Afirka ta Kudu (2016) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mulgrew |first=Nick |title=Announcing the PEN South Africa Student Writing Prize Winner {{!}} PEN South Africa |url=http://pensouthafrica.co.za/announcing-the-pen-south-africa-student-writing-prize-winner/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-US}}</ref> * Kyautar Mbokodo Rising Light (2017) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-06-02 |title=Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia Wins the Glenna Luschei Prize for African Poetry, Nick Makoha & Dami Ajayi Shortlisted |url=https://brittlepaper.com/2019/06/koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia-wins-2018-19-glenna-luschei-prize-for-african-poetry-nick-makoha-dami-ajayi-shortlisted/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Brittle Paper}}</ref> * Gasar Rubuce-rubucen SCrIBE (2018) <ref>{{Cite web |last=BWW News Desk |title=Koleka Putuma Announced As Winner Of 2018 SCrIBE Scriptwriting Competition |url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/south-africa/article/Koleka-Putuma-Announced-As-Winner-Of-2018-SCrIBE-Scriptwriting-Competition-20180928 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=BroadwayWorld.com |language=en}}</ref> * Forbes Afirka 30 a karkashin 30 Mai daraja (2018) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Africa |first=Forbes |date=2018-06-04 |title=Under 30 Creatives |url=https://www.forbesafrica.com/30-under-30/2018/06/04/under-30-creatives/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712004930/https://www.forbesafrica.com/30-under-30/2018/06/04/under-30-creatives/ |archive-date=12 July 2018 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Forbes Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> * Kyautar Glenna Luschei don Waƙoƙin Afirka (2018) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Prizes |url=http://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/prizes/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191230044343/http://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/prizes/ |archive-date=30 December 2019 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=African Poetry Book Fund |language=en-US}}</ref> * Gasar Wasanni ta Kasa ta Distell (2019) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-08-13 |title=OPEN CALL: 2020 Distell National Playwright Competition |url=https://10and5.com/2019/08/13/open-call-2020-distell-national-playwright-competition/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201206023044/https://10and5.com/2019/08/13/open-call-2020-distell-national-playwright-competition/ |archive-date=6 December 2020 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Between 10 and 5 |language=en-ZA}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1993]] kh924f3q980f8ntao2i8cukpytg90c1 826521 826519 2026-04-26T07:40:39Z Pharouqenr 25549 826521 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Koleka Putuma''' (an haife ta a Port Elizabeth, 22 Maris 1993) mawaƙiya ce ta Afirka ta Kudu kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo. An zaɓe ta a matsayin daya daga cikin mata masu tasiri a kasar Okay Africa a shekarar 2019. == Tarihin rayuwa == An haifi Putuma a Port Elizabeth, Afirka ta Kudu, a cikin 1993. Ta yi karatu don digiri na BA a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo da wasan kwaikwayo a [[Jami'ar Cape Town]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma {{!}} Badilisha Poetry – Pan-African Poets |url=https://badilishapoetry.com/coco-putuma/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=badilishapoetry.com}}</ref> A shekara ta 2016, an ba ta lambar yabo ta rubuce-rubucen ɗaliban PEN don waka mai suna "Ruwa".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mulgrew |first=Nick |title=Water by Koleka Putuma {{!}} PEN South Africa |url=https://pensouthafrica.co.za/water-by-koleka-putuma/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-US}}</ref> Ana amfani da wannan waka a makarantu a matsayin tunatarwa cewa samun ruwa siyasa ne, tarihi da launin fata.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma: Water - Classroom - Art & Education |url=https://www.artandeducation.net/classroom/video/288707/koleka-putuma-water |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.artandeducation.net |language=en |archive-date=2020-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200111113912/https://www.artandeducation.net/classroom/video/288707/koleka-putuma-water |url-status=dead }}</ref> Jigogi masu maimaitawa a cikin aikin Putuma sune soyayya, queerness, gwagwarmayar mulkin mallaka da gadon wariyar launin fata, <ref>{{Cite web |title=PARSE |url=https://parsejournal.com/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=parsejournal.com |language=en-US}}</ref> da kuma haɗuwa da shugabanci tare da waɗannan ra'ayoyin da ainihi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 February 2017 |title=Koleka Putuma Talks Poetry Post-Patriarchy and Black Joy |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/koleka-putuma-talks-poetry-post-patriarchy-and-black-joy_uk_5c7e9763e4b078abc6c12232?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAAvrOm9Zp9hL5YJr49l1ilehUZhghF1AipxgX9A7YRVE5RqGLR8_KZg4nPuo-59iNR7jnpwDMF84L7wlQl7XpCLqg9trAVRyj_Kj44WOH5OUhXrZaN6243NqhQxpv14pRa5cpwJr9sjrgd6wcO2GXNdc587E07d0f-b3wwB0f1Uz |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=consent.yahoo.com}}</ref> Tana aiki a matsayin mai gabatar da gidan wasan kwaikwayo don Design Indaba kuma tana zaune a Cape Town.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Design Indaba appoints Koleka Putuma as theatre producer |url=https://www.bizcommunity.com/Article/196/415/185637.html |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.bizcommunity.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Poetry On The Road {{!}} May 22 – 27 2019 Koleka Putuma |url=http://www.poetry-on-the-road.com/authors/koleka-putuma/?lang=en |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421054015/http://www.poetry-on-the-road.com/authors/koleka-putuma/?lang=en |archive-date=21 April 2021 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.poetry-on-the-road.com}}</ref> === ''Amnesia ta Jama'a'' === Putuma first came to global attention with the publication of her poetry collection ''Collective Amnesia'', published by the South African poetry press uHlanga in 2017.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma, Collective Amnesia |url=http://uhlangapress.co.za/koleka-putuma-collective-amnesia |access-date=2021-08-09 |website=uHlanga |language=en-US}}</ref> It was released with complementary photography by Cape Town-based photographer Andy Mkosi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma's poems of celebration, grief and rage |url=https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2017-04-04-koleka-putumas-poems-of-celebration-grief-and-rage/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}{{Dead link|date=May 2023}}</ref> Within three months of its release, the book sold 2000 copies, had 17 launches across South Africa and was on the syllabus at two universities.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mkhabela |first=Sabelo |date=2017-07-22 |title=Koleka Putuma Is the Groundbreaking New Voice of South African Poetry |url=https://medium.com/@SabzaMK/koleka-putuma-is-the-groundbreaking-new-voice-of-south-african-poetry-d9cbed7feeed |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Medium |language=en}}</ref> After eight months, it had sold more than 5000 copies and Putuma had given performances of it across three continents.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gantsho |first=Vangile |date=2017-12-01 |title=Collective Amnesia, Koleka Putuma: reviews |url=https://journals.co.za/content/journal/10520/EJC-f65066330 |journal=New Coin Poetry |language=en |volume=53 |issue=2 |pages=77–80 |issn=0028-4459}}</ref> Its Spanish translation by Lawrence Schimel and Arrate Hidalgo was published in 2019,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Murua |first=James |author-link=James Murua |date=2018-11-19 |title=Koleka Putuma poetry collection "Collective Amnesia" now in Spanish. |url=https://www.writingafrica.com/koleka-putuma-poetry-collection-collective-amnesia-now-in-spanish/ |access-date=2024-05-11 |website=Writing Africa |language=en-GB}}</ref> and a Danish translation was published in 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma |url=https://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/apbf-authors/koleka-putuma/ |access-date=22 March 2024 |publisher=African Poetry Book Fuund |archive-date=22 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240322084843/https://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/apbf-authors/koleka-putuma/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> As of 2018, Putuma is the best-selling poet in South African history.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=d'Abdon |first=Raphael |date=2018-07-03 |title='You Say "Performance Poet", I Hear "Dance Nigger, Dance"': Problematizing the Notion of Performance Poetry in South Africa |journal=English Studies in Africa |volume=61 |issue=2 |pages=49–62 |doi=10.1080/00138398.2018.1540154 |issn=0013-8398 |s2cid=165926816}}</ref> Amnesia ta rukuni sananne ne saboda maimaita amfani da kalmar womxn, wanda aka nufa ya haɗa da [[Sauran rubutun mata|mata]] marasa fari da masu canza launin fata.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mathunjwa |first=Zimkhitha |date=12 June 2017 |title=Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia Insists On Visibility And Healing |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia-insists-on-visibility-and-hea_uk_5c7eab54e4b078abc6c2607e |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=consent.yahoo.com}}</ref> === Karɓar baƙi === Binciken Amnesia na Ƙungiya, Bongani Madondo na Johannesburg Review of Books ya yaba da Putuma a matsayin "masu basira".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-01 |title=Portrait of the poet as a young genius: Bongani Madondo reviews Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia |url=https://johannesburgreviewofbooks.com/2017/05/01/portrait-of-the-poet-as-a-young-genius-bongani-madondo-reviews-koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Johannesburg Review of Books |language=en-US}}</ref> Amnesia na rukuni ya zama babban rubutu don fahimtar Afirka ta Kudu ta bayan mulkin mallaka, musamman tare da mayar da hankali ga jikin mata baƙar fata da kuma asalin jinsi. Haith ya yi jayayya cewa tarin ya zama "abu ne na al'adu" na Afirka ta Kudu ta zamani, kamar yadda rubutu ne.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Haith |first=Chelsea |date=2018-08-02 |title='I question why I understand what she has said' – Language and decolonial justice in Koleka Putuma's debut poetry collection 'Collective Amnesia' |url=http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10053690/ |journal=MoveableType |volume=10 |pages=45 |doi=10.14324/111.1755-4527.081 |issn=1755-4527 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Shawarwarin Burger ya sanya amfani da ruwa na Putuma a matsayin na'urar wallafe-wallafen a cikin mahallin sauran mawaƙa na Afirka ta Kudu, kamar Ronelda S Kamfer .<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Burger |first=Bibi |date=2019-12-18 |title='Our respect for water is what you have termed fear': The Ocean in the Poetry of Ronelda S. Kamfer and Koleka Putuma |journal=Journal of Southern African Studies |volume=46 |pages=23–38 |doi=10.1080/03057070.2020.1697552 |issn=0305-7070 |s2cid=213424553 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Waƙar "Ruwa" ta zama mahimmin rubutu don binciken wallafe-wallafen hydrocolonialism.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hofmeyr |first=Isabel |date=2019-04-01 |title=Provisional Notes on Hydrocolonialism |journal=English Language Notes |language=en |volume=57 |issue=1 |pages=11–20 |doi=10.1215/00138282-7309644 |issn=0013-8282 |s2cid=167050340}}</ref> Pieterse ya jaddada rubuce-rubucen Putuma game da mace baƙar fata, tare da mawaki Sindiswa Busuku-Mathese.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Pieterse |first=Annel |date=2018-01-02 |title=Knowledge and Unlearning in the Poetry of Koleka Putuma and Sindiswa Busuku-Mathese |journal=Scrutiny2 |volume=23 |issue=1 |pages=35–46 |doi=10.1080/18125441.2018.1505937 |issn=1812-5441 |s2cid=149735055 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Duk da yake waƙoƙin Putuma ne suka kawo ta zuwa matakin duniya, an kuma karɓi aikinta na mataki zuwa yabo mai mahimmanci, yana hulɗa da batutuwan siyasa na zamani. Wasanta No Easter Sunday for Queers ya jawo hankali ga nuna bambanci da 'yan mata a Afirka ta Kudu za su iya fuskanta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-06 |title=Koleka Putuma's "No Easter Sunday for Queers" |url=https://thetheatretimes.com/koleka-putuma-no-easter-sunday-queers/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Theatre Times |language=en-US}}</ref> ''Mbuzeni'' yana magance matsalar marayu kuma 'yan mata biyar ne ke ba da labari, yayin da suke yin ba'a game da mutuwa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hofer |first=Alison |date=2019-11-20 |title=Contemporary plays by African women |journal=South African Theatre Journal |volume=32 |issue=2 |pages=186–190 |doi=10.1080/10137548.2019.1676571 |issn=1013-7548 |s2cid=213325447}}</ref> Boehmer yayi la'akari da Putuma a cikin wani littafi mai zurfi na waƙoƙin bayan mulkin mallaka da rubuce-rubucen gajeren labari, wanda zai iya jin ga mai karatu kamar "kira don aiki".<ref>{{Cite book|last3=Elleke Boehmer}}</ref> == Ayyuka == === Wasanni === * SCOOP: wasan kicin don masu kulawa da jarirai (2013) - wasan farko na Afirka ta Kudu da aka tsara don jarirai har zuwa watanni 12, tare da Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Magnet <ref name=":1" /> * ''Ekhaya'' - an rubuta shi don yara masu shekaru 2-7 <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2012-01-23 |title=ABOUT |url=https://cocoputuma.wordpress.com/about/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Koleka Putuma |language=en}}</ref> * ''UHM'' (2014) * ''Woza Sarafina'' (2016) * ''Mbuzeni"'' (2018) * No Easter Sunday for Queers (2019) - wasan kwaikwayo game da addini da queerness bisa ga ɗayan waƙoƙin Putuma.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma's Christian/ queer collision – The Mail & Guardian |url=https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2019-08-21-koleka-putumas-christian-queer-collision/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200110005150/https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2019-08-21-koleka-putumas-christian-queer-collision/ |archive-date=10 January 2020 |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-ZA}}</ref> === Waƙoƙi === * ''Imbebwu Yesini'' (2016, edita) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Putuma |first=Koleka |last2=Perez |first2=Javier |date=2016 |title=Imbewu Yesini |url=https://www.africabib.org/rec.php?RID=40895759X |access-date=May 8, 2021}}</ref> * ''Amnesia ta Jama'a''<nowiki/>'a (2017) * ''Muna da Duk abin da muke Bukatar Farawa'' (2024) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-03 |title=We Have Everything We Need To Start Again by Koleka Putuma |url=https://schoolreadinglist.co.uk/childrens-book-reviews/we-have-everything-we-need-to-start-again/ |access-date=2024-09-01 |website=School Reading List}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka == * Gasar Waƙoƙin Slame ta Kasa (2014) <ref name=":0"/> * PEN Kyautar Rubutun Dalibai ta Afirka ta Kudu (2016) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mulgrew |first=Nick |title=Announcing the PEN South Africa Student Writing Prize Winner {{!}} PEN South Africa |url=http://pensouthafrica.co.za/announcing-the-pen-south-africa-student-writing-prize-winner/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-US}}</ref> * Kyautar Mbokodo Rising Light (2017) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-06-02 |title=Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia Wins the Glenna Luschei Prize for African Poetry, Nick Makoha & Dami Ajayi Shortlisted |url=https://brittlepaper.com/2019/06/koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia-wins-2018-19-glenna-luschei-prize-for-african-poetry-nick-makoha-dami-ajayi-shortlisted/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Brittle Paper}}</ref> * Gasar Rubuce-rubucen SCrIBE (2018) <ref>{{Cite web |last=BWW News Desk |title=Koleka Putuma Announced As Winner Of 2018 SCrIBE Scriptwriting Competition |url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/south-africa/article/Koleka-Putuma-Announced-As-Winner-Of-2018-SCrIBE-Scriptwriting-Competition-20180928 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=BroadwayWorld.com |language=en}}</ref> * Forbes Afirka 30 a karkashin 30 Mai daraja (2018) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Africa |first=Forbes |date=2018-06-04 |title=Under 30 Creatives |url=https://www.forbesafrica.com/30-under-30/2018/06/04/under-30-creatives/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712004930/https://www.forbesafrica.com/30-under-30/2018/06/04/under-30-creatives/ |archive-date=12 July 2018 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Forbes Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> * Kyautar Glenna Luschei don Waƙoƙin Afirka (2018) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Prizes |url=http://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/prizes/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191230044343/http://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/prizes/ |archive-date=30 December 2019 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=African Poetry Book Fund |language=en-US}}</ref> * Gasar Wasanni ta Kasa ta Distell (2019) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-08-13 |title=OPEN CALL: 2020 Distell National Playwright Competition |url=https://10and5.com/2019/08/13/open-call-2020-distell-national-playwright-competition/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201206023044/https://10and5.com/2019/08/13/open-call-2020-distell-national-playwright-competition/ |archive-date=6 December 2020 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Between 10 and 5 |language=en-ZA}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1993]] smsm5icmbjc2ygtn6ctteqhsslidcvb 826522 826521 2026-04-26T07:40:59Z Pharouqenr 25549 826522 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Koleka Putuma''' (an haife ta a Port Elizabeth, 22 Maris 1993) mawaƙiya ce ta Afirka ta Kudu kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo. An zaɓe ta a matsayin daya daga cikin mata masu tasiri a kasar Okay Africa a shekarar 2019. == Tarihin rayuwa == An haifi Putuma a Port Elizabeth, Afirka ta Kudu, a cikin 1993. Ta yi karatu don digiri na BA a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo da wasan kwaikwayo a [[Jami'ar Cape Town]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma {{!}} Badilisha Poetry – Pan-African Poets |url=https://badilishapoetry.com/coco-putuma/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=badilishapoetry.com}}</ref> A shekara ta 2016, an ba ta lambar yabo ta rubuce-rubucen ɗaliban PEN don waka mai suna "Ruwa".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mulgrew |first=Nick |title=Water by Koleka Putuma {{!}} PEN South Africa |url=https://pensouthafrica.co.za/water-by-koleka-putuma/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-US}}</ref> Ana amfani da wannan waka a makarantu a matsayin tunatarwa cewa samun ruwa siyasa ne, tarihi da launin fata.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma: Water - Classroom - Art & Education |url=https://www.artandeducation.net/classroom/video/288707/koleka-putuma-water |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.artandeducation.net |language=en |archive-date=2020-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200111113912/https://www.artandeducation.net/classroom/video/288707/koleka-putuma-water |url-status=dead }}</ref> Jigogi masu maimaitawa a cikin aikin Putuma sune soyayya, queerness, gwagwarmayar mulkin mallaka da gadon wariyar launin fata, <ref>{{Cite web |title=PARSE |url=https://parsejournal.com/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=parsejournal.com |language=en-US}}</ref> da kuma haɗuwa da shugabanci tare da waɗannan ra'ayoyin da ainihi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 February 2017 |title=Koleka Putuma Talks Poetry Post-Patriarchy and Black Joy |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/koleka-putuma-talks-poetry-post-patriarchy-and-black-joy_uk_5c7e9763e4b078abc6c12232?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAAvrOm9Zp9hL5YJr49l1ilehUZhghF1AipxgX9A7YRVE5RqGLR8_KZg4nPuo-59iNR7jnpwDMF84L7wlQl7XpCLqg9trAVRyj_Kj44WOH5OUhXrZaN6243NqhQxpv14pRa5cpwJr9sjrgd6wcO2GXNdc587E07d0f-b3wwB0f1Uz |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=consent.yahoo.com}}</ref> Tana aiki a matsayin mai gabatar da gidan wasan kwaikwayo don Design Indaba kuma tana zaune a Cape Town.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Design Indaba appoints Koleka Putuma as theatre producer |url=https://www.bizcommunity.com/Article/196/415/185637.html |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.bizcommunity.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Poetry On The Road {{!}} May 22 – 27 2019 Koleka Putuma |url=http://www.poetry-on-the-road.com/authors/koleka-putuma/?lang=en |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421054015/http://www.poetry-on-the-road.com/authors/koleka-putuma/?lang=en |archive-date=21 April 2021 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.poetry-on-the-road.com}}</ref> === ''Amnesia ta Jama'a'' === Putuma first came to global attention with the publication of her poetry collection ''Collective Amnesia'', published by the South African poetry press uHlanga in 2017.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma, Collective Amnesia |url=http://uhlangapress.co.za/koleka-putuma-collective-amnesia |access-date=2021-08-09 |website=uHlanga |language=en-US}}</ref> It was released with complementary photography by Cape Town-based photographer Andy Mkosi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma's poems of celebration, grief and rage |url=https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2017-04-04-koleka-putumas-poems-of-celebration-grief-and-rage/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}{{Dead link|date=May 2023}}</ref> Within three months of its release, the book sold 2000 copies, had 17 launches across South Africa and was on the syllabus at two universities.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mkhabela |first=Sabelo |date=2017-07-22 |title=Koleka Putuma Is the Groundbreaking New Voice of South African Poetry |url=https://medium.com/@SabzaMK/koleka-putuma-is-the-groundbreaking-new-voice-of-south-african-poetry-d9cbed7feeed |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Medium |language=en}}</ref> After eight months, it had sold more than 5000 copies and Putuma had given performances of it across three continents.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gantsho |first=Vangile |date=2017-12-01 |title=Collective Amnesia, Koleka Putuma: reviews |url=https://journals.co.za/content/journal/10520/EJC-f65066330 |journal=New Coin Poetry |language=en |volume=53 |issue=2 |pages=77–80 |issn=0028-4459}}</ref> Its Spanish translation by Lawrence Schimel and Arrate Hidalgo was published in 2019,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Murua |first=James |author-link=James Murua |date=2018-11-19 |title=Koleka Putuma poetry collection "Collective Amnesia" now in Spanish. |url=https://www.writingafrica.com/koleka-putuma-poetry-collection-collective-amnesia-now-in-spanish/ |access-date=2024-05-11 |website=Writing Africa |language=en-GB}}</ref> and a Danish translation was published in 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma |url=https://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/apbf-authors/koleka-putuma/ |access-date=22 March 2024 |publisher=African Poetry Book Fuund |archive-date=22 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240322084843/https://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/apbf-authors/koleka-putuma/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> As of 2018, Putuma is the best-selling poet in South African history.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=d'Abdon |first=Raphael |date=2018-07-03 |title='You Say "Performance Poet", I Hear "Dance Nigger, Dance"': Problematizing the Notion of Performance Poetry in South Africa |journal=English Studies in Africa |volume=61 |issue=2 |pages=49–62 |doi=10.1080/00138398.2018.1540154 |issn=0013-8398 |s2cid=165926816}}</ref> Amnesia ta rukuni sananne ne saboda maimaita amfani da kalmar womxn, wanda aka nufa ya haɗa da [[Sauran rubutun mata|mata]] marasa fari da masu canza launin fata.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mathunjwa |first=Zimkhitha |date=12 June 2017 |title=Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia Insists On Visibility And Healing |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia-insists-on-visibility-and-hea_uk_5c7eab54e4b078abc6c2607e |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=consent.yahoo.com}}</ref> === Karɓar baƙi === Binciken Amnesia na Ƙungiya, Bongani Madondo na Johannesburg Review of Books ya yaba da Putuma a matsayin "masu basira".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-01 |title=Portrait of the poet as a young genius: Bongani Madondo reviews Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia |url=https://johannesburgreviewofbooks.com/2017/05/01/portrait-of-the-poet-as-a-young-genius-bongani-madondo-reviews-koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Johannesburg Review of Books |language=en-US}}</ref> Amnesia na rukuni ya zama babban rubutu don fahimtar Afirka ta Kudu ta bayan mulkin mallaka, musamman tare da mayar da hankali ga jikin mata baƙar fata da kuma asalin jinsi. Haith ya yi jayayya cewa tarin ya zama "abu ne na al'adu" na Afirka ta Kudu ta zamani, kamar yadda rubutu ne.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Haith |first=Chelsea |date=2018-08-02 |title='I question why I understand what she has said' – Language and decolonial justice in Koleka Putuma's debut poetry collection 'Collective Amnesia' |url=http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10053690/ |journal=MoveableType |volume=10 |pages=45 |doi=10.14324/111.1755-4527.081 |issn=1755-4527 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Shawarwarin Burger ya sanya amfani da ruwa na Putuma a matsayin na'urar wallafe-wallafen a cikin mahallin sauran mawaƙa na Afirka ta Kudu, kamar Ronelda S Kamfer .<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Burger |first=Bibi |date=2019-12-18 |title='Our respect for water is what you have termed fear': The Ocean in the Poetry of Ronelda S. Kamfer and Koleka Putuma |journal=Journal of Southern African Studies |volume=46 |pages=23–38 |doi=10.1080/03057070.2020.1697552 |issn=0305-7070 |s2cid=213424553 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Waƙar "Ruwa" ta zama mahimmin rubutu don binciken wallafe-wallafen hydrocolonialism.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hofmeyr |first=Isabel |date=2019-04-01 |title=Provisional Notes on Hydrocolonialism |journal=English Language Notes |language=en |volume=57 |issue=1 |pages=11–20 |doi=10.1215/00138282-7309644 |issn=0013-8282 |s2cid=167050340}}</ref> Pieterse ya jaddada rubuce-rubucen Putuma game da mace baƙar fata, tare da mawaki Sindiswa Busuku-Mathese.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Pieterse |first=Annel |date=2018-01-02 |title=Knowledge and Unlearning in the Poetry of Koleka Putuma and Sindiswa Busuku-Mathese |journal=Scrutiny2 |volume=23 |issue=1 |pages=35–46 |doi=10.1080/18125441.2018.1505937 |issn=1812-5441 |s2cid=149735055 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Duk da yake waƙoƙin Putuma ne suka kawo ta zuwa matakin duniya, an kuma karɓi aikinta na mataki zuwa yabo mai mahimmanci, yana hulɗa da batutuwan siyasa na zamani. Wasanta No Easter Sunday for Queers ya jawo hankali ga nuna bambanci da 'yan mata a Afirka ta Kudu za su iya fuskanta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-06 |title=Koleka Putuma's "No Easter Sunday for Queers" |url=https://thetheatretimes.com/koleka-putuma-no-easter-sunday-queers/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Theatre Times |language=en-US}}</ref> ''Mbuzeni'' yana magance matsalar marayu kuma 'yan mata biyar ne ke ba da labari, yayin da suke yin ba'a game da mutuwa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hofer |first=Alison |date=2019-11-20 |title=Contemporary plays by African women |journal=South African Theatre Journal |volume=32 |issue=2 |pages=186–190 |doi=10.1080/10137548.2019.1676571 |issn=1013-7548 |s2cid=213325447}}</ref> Boehmer yayi la'akari da Putuma a cikin wani littafi mai zurfi na waƙoƙin bayan mulkin mallaka da rubuce-rubucen gajeren labari, wanda zai iya jin ga mai karatu kamar "kira don aiki".<ref>{{Cite book|last3=Elleke Boehmer}}</ref> == Ayyuka == === Wasanni === * SCOOP: wasan kicin don masu kulawa da jarirai (2013) - wasan farko na Afirka ta Kudu da aka tsara don jarirai har zuwa watanni 12, tare da Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Magnet <ref name=":1" /> * ''Ekhaya'' - an rubuta shi don yara masu shekaru 2-7 <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2012-01-23 |title=ABOUT |url=https://cocoputuma.wordpress.com/about/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Koleka Putuma |language=en}}</ref> * ''UHM'' (2014) * ''Woza Sarafina'' (2016) * ''Mbuzeni"'' (2018) * No Easter Sunday for Queers (2019) - wasan kwaikwayo game da addini da queerness bisa ga ɗayan waƙoƙin Putuma.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma's Christian/ queer collision – The Mail & Guardian |url=https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2019-08-21-koleka-putumas-christian-queer-collision/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200110005150/https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2019-08-21-koleka-putumas-christian-queer-collision/ |archive-date=10 January 2020 |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-ZA}}</ref> === Waƙoƙi === * ''Imbebwu Yesini'' (2016, edita)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Putuma |first=Koleka |last2=Perez |first2=Javier |date=2016 |title=Imbewu Yesini |url=https://www.africabib.org/rec.php?RID=40895759X |access-date=May 8, 2021}}</ref> * ''Amnesia ta Jama'a''<nowiki/>'a (2017) * ''Muna da Duk abin da muke Bukatar Farawa'' (2024) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-03 |title=We Have Everything We Need To Start Again by Koleka Putuma |url=https://schoolreadinglist.co.uk/childrens-book-reviews/we-have-everything-we-need-to-start-again/ |access-date=2024-09-01 |website=School Reading List}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka == * Gasar Waƙoƙin Slame ta Kasa (2014) <ref name=":0"/> * PEN Kyautar Rubutun Dalibai ta Afirka ta Kudu (2016) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mulgrew |first=Nick |title=Announcing the PEN South Africa Student Writing Prize Winner {{!}} PEN South Africa |url=http://pensouthafrica.co.za/announcing-the-pen-south-africa-student-writing-prize-winner/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-US}}</ref> * Kyautar Mbokodo Rising Light (2017) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-06-02 |title=Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia Wins the Glenna Luschei Prize for African Poetry, Nick Makoha & Dami Ajayi Shortlisted |url=https://brittlepaper.com/2019/06/koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia-wins-2018-19-glenna-luschei-prize-for-african-poetry-nick-makoha-dami-ajayi-shortlisted/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Brittle Paper}}</ref> * Gasar Rubuce-rubucen SCrIBE (2018) <ref>{{Cite web |last=BWW News Desk |title=Koleka Putuma Announced As Winner Of 2018 SCrIBE Scriptwriting Competition |url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/south-africa/article/Koleka-Putuma-Announced-As-Winner-Of-2018-SCrIBE-Scriptwriting-Competition-20180928 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=BroadwayWorld.com |language=en}}</ref> * Forbes Afirka 30 a karkashin 30 Mai daraja (2018) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Africa |first=Forbes |date=2018-06-04 |title=Under 30 Creatives |url=https://www.forbesafrica.com/30-under-30/2018/06/04/under-30-creatives/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712004930/https://www.forbesafrica.com/30-under-30/2018/06/04/under-30-creatives/ |archive-date=12 July 2018 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Forbes Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> * Kyautar Glenna Luschei don Waƙoƙin Afirka (2018) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Prizes |url=http://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/prizes/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191230044343/http://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/prizes/ |archive-date=30 December 2019 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=African Poetry Book Fund |language=en-US}}</ref> * Gasar Wasanni ta Kasa ta Distell (2019) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-08-13 |title=OPEN CALL: 2020 Distell National Playwright Competition |url=https://10and5.com/2019/08/13/open-call-2020-distell-national-playwright-competition/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201206023044/https://10and5.com/2019/08/13/open-call-2020-distell-national-playwright-competition/ |archive-date=6 December 2020 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Between 10 and 5 |language=en-ZA}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1993]] n4gcklfd79n0y0txnkl1i81e86fax95 826523 826522 2026-04-26T07:41:19Z Pharouqenr 25549 826523 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Koleka Putuma''' (an haife ta a Port Elizabeth, 22 Maris 1993) mawaƙiya ce ta Afirka ta Kudu kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo. An zaɓe ta a matsayin daya daga cikin mata masu tasiri a kasar Okay Africa a shekarar 2019. == Tarihin rayuwa == An haifi Putuma a Port Elizabeth, Afirka ta Kudu, a cikin 1993. Ta yi karatu don digiri na BA a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo da wasan kwaikwayo a [[Jami'ar Cape Town]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma {{!}} Badilisha Poetry – Pan-African Poets |url=https://badilishapoetry.com/coco-putuma/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=badilishapoetry.com}}</ref> A shekara ta 2016, an ba ta lambar yabo ta rubuce-rubucen ɗaliban PEN don waka mai suna "Ruwa".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mulgrew |first=Nick |title=Water by Koleka Putuma {{!}} PEN South Africa |url=https://pensouthafrica.co.za/water-by-koleka-putuma/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-US}}</ref> Ana amfani da wannan waka a makarantu a matsayin tunatarwa cewa samun ruwa siyasa ne, tarihi da launin fata.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma: Water - Classroom - Art & Education |url=https://www.artandeducation.net/classroom/video/288707/koleka-putuma-water |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.artandeducation.net |language=en |archive-date=2020-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200111113912/https://www.artandeducation.net/classroom/video/288707/koleka-putuma-water |url-status=dead }}</ref> Jigogi masu maimaitawa a cikin aikin Putuma sune soyayya, queerness, gwagwarmayar mulkin mallaka da gadon wariyar launin fata, <ref>{{Cite web |title=PARSE |url=https://parsejournal.com/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=parsejournal.com |language=en-US}}</ref> da kuma haɗuwa da shugabanci tare da waɗannan ra'ayoyin da ainihi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 February 2017 |title=Koleka Putuma Talks Poetry Post-Patriarchy and Black Joy |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/koleka-putuma-talks-poetry-post-patriarchy-and-black-joy_uk_5c7e9763e4b078abc6c12232?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAAvrOm9Zp9hL5YJr49l1ilehUZhghF1AipxgX9A7YRVE5RqGLR8_KZg4nPuo-59iNR7jnpwDMF84L7wlQl7XpCLqg9trAVRyj_Kj44WOH5OUhXrZaN6243NqhQxpv14pRa5cpwJr9sjrgd6wcO2GXNdc587E07d0f-b3wwB0f1Uz |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=consent.yahoo.com}}</ref> Tana aiki a matsayin mai gabatar da gidan wasan kwaikwayo don Design Indaba kuma tana zaune a Cape Town.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Design Indaba appoints Koleka Putuma as theatre producer |url=https://www.bizcommunity.com/Article/196/415/185637.html |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.bizcommunity.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Poetry On The Road {{!}} May 22 – 27 2019 Koleka Putuma |url=http://www.poetry-on-the-road.com/authors/koleka-putuma/?lang=en |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421054015/http://www.poetry-on-the-road.com/authors/koleka-putuma/?lang=en |archive-date=21 April 2021 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.poetry-on-the-road.com}}</ref> === ''Amnesia ta Jama'a'' === Putuma first came to global attention with the publication of her poetry collection ''Collective Amnesia'', published by the South African poetry press uHlanga in 2017.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma, Collective Amnesia |url=http://uhlangapress.co.za/koleka-putuma-collective-amnesia |access-date=2021-08-09 |website=uHlanga |language=en-US}}</ref> It was released with complementary photography by Cape Town-based photographer Andy Mkosi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma's poems of celebration, grief and rage |url=https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2017-04-04-koleka-putumas-poems-of-celebration-grief-and-rage/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}{{Dead link|date=May 2023}}</ref> Within three months of its release, the book sold 2000 copies, had 17 launches across South Africa and was on the syllabus at two universities.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mkhabela |first=Sabelo |date=2017-07-22 |title=Koleka Putuma Is the Groundbreaking New Voice of South African Poetry |url=https://medium.com/@SabzaMK/koleka-putuma-is-the-groundbreaking-new-voice-of-south-african-poetry-d9cbed7feeed |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Medium |language=en}}</ref> After eight months, it had sold more than 5000 copies and Putuma had given performances of it across three continents.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gantsho |first=Vangile |date=2017-12-01 |title=Collective Amnesia, Koleka Putuma: reviews |url=https://journals.co.za/content/journal/10520/EJC-f65066330 |journal=New Coin Poetry |language=en |volume=53 |issue=2 |pages=77–80 |issn=0028-4459}}</ref> Its Spanish translation by Lawrence Schimel and Arrate Hidalgo was published in 2019,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Murua |first=James |author-link=James Murua |date=2018-11-19 |title=Koleka Putuma poetry collection "Collective Amnesia" now in Spanish. |url=https://www.writingafrica.com/koleka-putuma-poetry-collection-collective-amnesia-now-in-spanish/ |access-date=2024-05-11 |website=Writing Africa |language=en-GB}}</ref> and a Danish translation was published in 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma |url=https://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/apbf-authors/koleka-putuma/ |access-date=22 March 2024 |publisher=African Poetry Book Fuund |archive-date=22 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240322084843/https://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/apbf-authors/koleka-putuma/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> As of 2018, Putuma is the best-selling poet in South African history.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=d'Abdon |first=Raphael |date=2018-07-03 |title='You Say "Performance Poet", I Hear "Dance Nigger, Dance"': Problematizing the Notion of Performance Poetry in South Africa |journal=English Studies in Africa |volume=61 |issue=2 |pages=49–62 |doi=10.1080/00138398.2018.1540154 |issn=0013-8398 |s2cid=165926816}}</ref> Amnesia ta rukuni sananne ne saboda maimaita amfani da kalmar womxn, wanda aka nufa ya haɗa da [[Sauran rubutun mata|mata]] marasa fari da masu canza launin fata.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mathunjwa |first=Zimkhitha |date=12 June 2017 |title=Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia Insists On Visibility And Healing |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia-insists-on-visibility-and-hea_uk_5c7eab54e4b078abc6c2607e |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=consent.yahoo.com}}</ref> === Karɓar baƙi === Binciken Amnesia na Ƙungiya, Bongani Madondo na Johannesburg Review of Books ya yaba da Putuma a matsayin "masu basira".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-01 |title=Portrait of the poet as a young genius: Bongani Madondo reviews Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia |url=https://johannesburgreviewofbooks.com/2017/05/01/portrait-of-the-poet-as-a-young-genius-bongani-madondo-reviews-koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Johannesburg Review of Books |language=en-US}}</ref> Amnesia na rukuni ya zama babban rubutu don fahimtar Afirka ta Kudu ta bayan mulkin mallaka, musamman tare da mayar da hankali ga jikin mata baƙar fata da kuma asalin jinsi. Haith ya yi jayayya cewa tarin ya zama "abu ne na al'adu" na Afirka ta Kudu ta zamani, kamar yadda rubutu ne.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Haith |first=Chelsea |date=2018-08-02 |title='I question why I understand what she has said' – Language and decolonial justice in Koleka Putuma's debut poetry collection 'Collective Amnesia' |url=http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10053690/ |journal=MoveableType |volume=10 |pages=45 |doi=10.14324/111.1755-4527.081 |issn=1755-4527 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Shawarwarin Burger ya sanya amfani da ruwa na Putuma a matsayin na'urar wallafe-wallafen a cikin mahallin sauran mawaƙa na Afirka ta Kudu, kamar Ronelda S Kamfer .<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Burger |first=Bibi |date=2019-12-18 |title='Our respect for water is what you have termed fear': The Ocean in the Poetry of Ronelda S. Kamfer and Koleka Putuma |journal=Journal of Southern African Studies |volume=46 |pages=23–38 |doi=10.1080/03057070.2020.1697552 |issn=0305-7070 |s2cid=213424553 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Waƙar "Ruwa" ta zama mahimmin rubutu don binciken wallafe-wallafen hydrocolonialism.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hofmeyr |first=Isabel |date=2019-04-01 |title=Provisional Notes on Hydrocolonialism |journal=English Language Notes |language=en |volume=57 |issue=1 |pages=11–20 |doi=10.1215/00138282-7309644 |issn=0013-8282 |s2cid=167050340}}</ref> Pieterse ya jaddada rubuce-rubucen Putuma game da mace baƙar fata, tare da mawaki Sindiswa Busuku-Mathese.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Pieterse |first=Annel |date=2018-01-02 |title=Knowledge and Unlearning in the Poetry of Koleka Putuma and Sindiswa Busuku-Mathese |journal=Scrutiny2 |volume=23 |issue=1 |pages=35–46 |doi=10.1080/18125441.2018.1505937 |issn=1812-5441 |s2cid=149735055 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Duk da yake waƙoƙin Putuma ne suka kawo ta zuwa matakin duniya, an kuma karɓi aikinta na mataki zuwa yabo mai mahimmanci, yana hulɗa da batutuwan siyasa na zamani. Wasanta No Easter Sunday for Queers ya jawo hankali ga nuna bambanci da 'yan mata a Afirka ta Kudu za su iya fuskanta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-06 |title=Koleka Putuma's "No Easter Sunday for Queers" |url=https://thetheatretimes.com/koleka-putuma-no-easter-sunday-queers/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Theatre Times |language=en-US}}</ref> ''Mbuzeni'' yana magance matsalar marayu kuma 'yan mata biyar ne ke ba da labari, yayin da suke yin ba'a game da mutuwa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hofer |first=Alison |date=2019-11-20 |title=Contemporary plays by African women |journal=South African Theatre Journal |volume=32 |issue=2 |pages=186–190 |doi=10.1080/10137548.2019.1676571 |issn=1013-7548 |s2cid=213325447}}</ref> Boehmer yayi la'akari da Putuma a cikin wani littafi mai zurfi na waƙoƙin bayan mulkin mallaka da rubuce-rubucen gajeren labari, wanda zai iya jin ga mai karatu kamar "kira don aiki".<ref>{{Cite book|last3=Elleke Boehmer}}</ref> == Ayyuka == === Wasanni === * SCOOP: wasan kicin don masu kulawa da jarirai (2013) - wasan farko na Afirka ta Kudu da aka tsara don jarirai har zuwa watanni 12, tare da Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Magnet <ref name=":1" /> * ''Ekhaya'' - an rubuta shi don yara masu shekaru 2-7 <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2012-01-23 |title=ABOUT |url=https://cocoputuma.wordpress.com/about/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Koleka Putuma |language=en}}</ref> * ''UHM'' (2014) * ''Woza Sarafina'' (2016) * ''Mbuzeni"'' (2018) * No Easter Sunday for Queers (2019) - wasan kwaikwayo game da addini da queerness bisa ga ɗayan waƙoƙin Putuma.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma's Christian/ queer collision – The Mail & Guardian |url=https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2019-08-21-koleka-putumas-christian-queer-collision/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200110005150/https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2019-08-21-koleka-putumas-christian-queer-collision/ |archive-date=10 January 2020 |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-ZA}}</ref> === Waƙoƙi === * ''Imbebwu Yesini'' (2016, edita)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Putuma |first=Koleka |last2=Perez |first2=Javier |date=2016 |title=Imbewu Yesini |url=https://www.africabib.org/rec.php?RID=40895759X |access-date=May 8, 2021}}</ref> * ''Amnesia ta Jama'a''<nowiki/>'a (2017) * ''Muna da Duk abin da muke Bukatar Farawa'' (2024) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-03 |title=We Have Everything We Need To Start Again by Koleka Putuma |url=https://schoolreadinglist.co.uk/childrens-book-reviews/we-have-everything-we-need-to-start-again/ |access-date=2024-09-01 |website=School Reading List}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka == * Gasar Waƙoƙin Slame ta Kasa (2014)<ref name=":0"/> * PEN Kyautar Rubutun Dalibai ta Afirka ta Kudu (2016) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mulgrew |first=Nick |title=Announcing the PEN South Africa Student Writing Prize Winner {{!}} PEN South Africa |url=http://pensouthafrica.co.za/announcing-the-pen-south-africa-student-writing-prize-winner/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-US}}</ref> * Kyautar Mbokodo Rising Light (2017) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-06-02 |title=Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia Wins the Glenna Luschei Prize for African Poetry, Nick Makoha & Dami Ajayi Shortlisted |url=https://brittlepaper.com/2019/06/koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia-wins-2018-19-glenna-luschei-prize-for-african-poetry-nick-makoha-dami-ajayi-shortlisted/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Brittle Paper}}</ref> * Gasar Rubuce-rubucen SCrIBE (2018) <ref>{{Cite web |last=BWW News Desk |title=Koleka Putuma Announced As Winner Of 2018 SCrIBE Scriptwriting Competition |url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/south-africa/article/Koleka-Putuma-Announced-As-Winner-Of-2018-SCrIBE-Scriptwriting-Competition-20180928 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=BroadwayWorld.com |language=en}}</ref> * Forbes Afirka 30 a karkashin 30 Mai daraja (2018) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Africa |first=Forbes |date=2018-06-04 |title=Under 30 Creatives |url=https://www.forbesafrica.com/30-under-30/2018/06/04/under-30-creatives/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712004930/https://www.forbesafrica.com/30-under-30/2018/06/04/under-30-creatives/ |archive-date=12 July 2018 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Forbes Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> * Kyautar Glenna Luschei don Waƙoƙin Afirka (2018) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Prizes |url=http://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/prizes/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191230044343/http://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/prizes/ |archive-date=30 December 2019 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=African Poetry Book Fund |language=en-US}}</ref> * Gasar Wasanni ta Kasa ta Distell (2019) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-08-13 |title=OPEN CALL: 2020 Distell National Playwright Competition |url=https://10and5.com/2019/08/13/open-call-2020-distell-national-playwright-competition/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201206023044/https://10and5.com/2019/08/13/open-call-2020-distell-national-playwright-competition/ |archive-date=6 December 2020 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Between 10 and 5 |language=en-ZA}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1993]] 1qmd9nqp4gemrtu1wnybj1sctz1p94q 826524 826523 2026-04-26T07:41:34Z Pharouqenr 25549 826524 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Koleka Putuma''' (an haife ta a Port Elizabeth, 22 Maris 1993) mawaƙiya ce ta Afirka ta Kudu kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo. An zaɓe ta a matsayin daya daga cikin mata masu tasiri a kasar Okay Africa a shekarar 2019. == Tarihin rayuwa == An haifi Putuma a Port Elizabeth, Afirka ta Kudu, a cikin 1993. Ta yi karatu don digiri na BA a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo da wasan kwaikwayo a [[Jami'ar Cape Town]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma {{!}} Badilisha Poetry – Pan-African Poets |url=https://badilishapoetry.com/coco-putuma/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=badilishapoetry.com}}</ref> A shekara ta 2016, an ba ta lambar yabo ta rubuce-rubucen ɗaliban PEN don waka mai suna "Ruwa".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mulgrew |first=Nick |title=Water by Koleka Putuma {{!}} PEN South Africa |url=https://pensouthafrica.co.za/water-by-koleka-putuma/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-US}}</ref> Ana amfani da wannan waka a makarantu a matsayin tunatarwa cewa samun ruwa siyasa ne, tarihi da launin fata.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma: Water - Classroom - Art & Education |url=https://www.artandeducation.net/classroom/video/288707/koleka-putuma-water |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.artandeducation.net |language=en |archive-date=2020-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200111113912/https://www.artandeducation.net/classroom/video/288707/koleka-putuma-water |url-status=dead }}</ref> Jigogi masu maimaitawa a cikin aikin Putuma sune soyayya, queerness, gwagwarmayar mulkin mallaka da gadon wariyar launin fata, <ref>{{Cite web |title=PARSE |url=https://parsejournal.com/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=parsejournal.com |language=en-US}}</ref> da kuma haɗuwa da shugabanci tare da waɗannan ra'ayoyin da ainihi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 February 2017 |title=Koleka Putuma Talks Poetry Post-Patriarchy and Black Joy |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/koleka-putuma-talks-poetry-post-patriarchy-and-black-joy_uk_5c7e9763e4b078abc6c12232?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAAvrOm9Zp9hL5YJr49l1ilehUZhghF1AipxgX9A7YRVE5RqGLR8_KZg4nPuo-59iNR7jnpwDMF84L7wlQl7XpCLqg9trAVRyj_Kj44WOH5OUhXrZaN6243NqhQxpv14pRa5cpwJr9sjrgd6wcO2GXNdc587E07d0f-b3wwB0f1Uz |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=consent.yahoo.com}}</ref> Tana aiki a matsayin mai gabatar da gidan wasan kwaikwayo don Design Indaba kuma tana zaune a Cape Town.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Design Indaba appoints Koleka Putuma as theatre producer |url=https://www.bizcommunity.com/Article/196/415/185637.html |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.bizcommunity.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Poetry On The Road {{!}} May 22 – 27 2019 Koleka Putuma |url=http://www.poetry-on-the-road.com/authors/koleka-putuma/?lang=en |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421054015/http://www.poetry-on-the-road.com/authors/koleka-putuma/?lang=en |archive-date=21 April 2021 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.poetry-on-the-road.com}}</ref> === ''Amnesia ta Jama'a'' === Putuma first came to global attention with the publication of her poetry collection ''Collective Amnesia'', published by the South African poetry press uHlanga in 2017.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma, Collective Amnesia |url=http://uhlangapress.co.za/koleka-putuma-collective-amnesia |access-date=2021-08-09 |website=uHlanga |language=en-US}}</ref> It was released with complementary photography by Cape Town-based photographer Andy Mkosi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma's poems of celebration, grief and rage |url=https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2017-04-04-koleka-putumas-poems-of-celebration-grief-and-rage/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}{{Dead link|date=May 2023}}</ref> Within three months of its release, the book sold 2000 copies, had 17 launches across South Africa and was on the syllabus at two universities.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mkhabela |first=Sabelo |date=2017-07-22 |title=Koleka Putuma Is the Groundbreaking New Voice of South African Poetry |url=https://medium.com/@SabzaMK/koleka-putuma-is-the-groundbreaking-new-voice-of-south-african-poetry-d9cbed7feeed |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Medium |language=en}}</ref> After eight months, it had sold more than 5000 copies and Putuma had given performances of it across three continents.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gantsho |first=Vangile |date=2017-12-01 |title=Collective Amnesia, Koleka Putuma: reviews |url=https://journals.co.za/content/journal/10520/EJC-f65066330 |journal=New Coin Poetry |language=en |volume=53 |issue=2 |pages=77–80 |issn=0028-4459}}</ref> Its Spanish translation by Lawrence Schimel and Arrate Hidalgo was published in 2019,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Murua |first=James |author-link=James Murua |date=2018-11-19 |title=Koleka Putuma poetry collection "Collective Amnesia" now in Spanish. |url=https://www.writingafrica.com/koleka-putuma-poetry-collection-collective-amnesia-now-in-spanish/ |access-date=2024-05-11 |website=Writing Africa |language=en-GB}}</ref> and a Danish translation was published in 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma |url=https://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/apbf-authors/koleka-putuma/ |access-date=22 March 2024 |publisher=African Poetry Book Fuund |archive-date=22 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240322084843/https://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/apbf-authors/koleka-putuma/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> As of 2018, Putuma is the best-selling poet in South African history.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=d'Abdon |first=Raphael |date=2018-07-03 |title='You Say "Performance Poet", I Hear "Dance Nigger, Dance"': Problematizing the Notion of Performance Poetry in South Africa |journal=English Studies in Africa |volume=61 |issue=2 |pages=49–62 |doi=10.1080/00138398.2018.1540154 |issn=0013-8398 |s2cid=165926816}}</ref> Amnesia ta rukuni sananne ne saboda maimaita amfani da kalmar womxn, wanda aka nufa ya haɗa da [[Sauran rubutun mata|mata]] marasa fari da masu canza launin fata.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mathunjwa |first=Zimkhitha |date=12 June 2017 |title=Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia Insists On Visibility And Healing |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia-insists-on-visibility-and-hea_uk_5c7eab54e4b078abc6c2607e |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=consent.yahoo.com}}</ref> === Karɓar baƙi === Binciken Amnesia na Ƙungiya, Bongani Madondo na Johannesburg Review of Books ya yaba da Putuma a matsayin "masu basira".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-01 |title=Portrait of the poet as a young genius: Bongani Madondo reviews Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia |url=https://johannesburgreviewofbooks.com/2017/05/01/portrait-of-the-poet-as-a-young-genius-bongani-madondo-reviews-koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Johannesburg Review of Books |language=en-US}}</ref> Amnesia na rukuni ya zama babban rubutu don fahimtar Afirka ta Kudu ta bayan mulkin mallaka, musamman tare da mayar da hankali ga jikin mata baƙar fata da kuma asalin jinsi. Haith ya yi jayayya cewa tarin ya zama "abu ne na al'adu" na Afirka ta Kudu ta zamani, kamar yadda rubutu ne.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Haith |first=Chelsea |date=2018-08-02 |title='I question why I understand what she has said' – Language and decolonial justice in Koleka Putuma's debut poetry collection 'Collective Amnesia' |url=http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10053690/ |journal=MoveableType |volume=10 |pages=45 |doi=10.14324/111.1755-4527.081 |issn=1755-4527 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Shawarwarin Burger ya sanya amfani da ruwa na Putuma a matsayin na'urar wallafe-wallafen a cikin mahallin sauran mawaƙa na Afirka ta Kudu, kamar Ronelda S Kamfer .<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Burger |first=Bibi |date=2019-12-18 |title='Our respect for water is what you have termed fear': The Ocean in the Poetry of Ronelda S. Kamfer and Koleka Putuma |journal=Journal of Southern African Studies |volume=46 |pages=23–38 |doi=10.1080/03057070.2020.1697552 |issn=0305-7070 |s2cid=213424553 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Waƙar "Ruwa" ta zama mahimmin rubutu don binciken wallafe-wallafen hydrocolonialism.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hofmeyr |first=Isabel |date=2019-04-01 |title=Provisional Notes on Hydrocolonialism |journal=English Language Notes |language=en |volume=57 |issue=1 |pages=11–20 |doi=10.1215/00138282-7309644 |issn=0013-8282 |s2cid=167050340}}</ref> Pieterse ya jaddada rubuce-rubucen Putuma game da mace baƙar fata, tare da mawaki Sindiswa Busuku-Mathese.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Pieterse |first=Annel |date=2018-01-02 |title=Knowledge and Unlearning in the Poetry of Koleka Putuma and Sindiswa Busuku-Mathese |journal=Scrutiny2 |volume=23 |issue=1 |pages=35–46 |doi=10.1080/18125441.2018.1505937 |issn=1812-5441 |s2cid=149735055 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Duk da yake waƙoƙin Putuma ne suka kawo ta zuwa matakin duniya, an kuma karɓi aikinta na mataki zuwa yabo mai mahimmanci, yana hulɗa da batutuwan siyasa na zamani. Wasanta No Easter Sunday for Queers ya jawo hankali ga nuna bambanci da 'yan mata a Afirka ta Kudu za su iya fuskanta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-06 |title=Koleka Putuma's "No Easter Sunday for Queers" |url=https://thetheatretimes.com/koleka-putuma-no-easter-sunday-queers/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Theatre Times |language=en-US}}</ref> ''Mbuzeni'' yana magance matsalar marayu kuma 'yan mata biyar ne ke ba da labari, yayin da suke yin ba'a game da mutuwa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hofer |first=Alison |date=2019-11-20 |title=Contemporary plays by African women |journal=South African Theatre Journal |volume=32 |issue=2 |pages=186–190 |doi=10.1080/10137548.2019.1676571 |issn=1013-7548 |s2cid=213325447}}</ref> Boehmer yayi la'akari da Putuma a cikin wani littafi mai zurfi na waƙoƙin bayan mulkin mallaka da rubuce-rubucen gajeren labari, wanda zai iya jin ga mai karatu kamar "kira don aiki".<ref>{{Cite book|last3=Elleke Boehmer}}</ref> == Ayyuka == === Wasanni === * SCOOP: wasan kicin don masu kulawa da jarirai (2013) - wasan farko na Afirka ta Kudu da aka tsara don jarirai har zuwa watanni 12, tare da Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Magnet <ref name=":1" /> * ''Ekhaya'' - an rubuta shi don yara masu shekaru 2-7 <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2012-01-23 |title=ABOUT |url=https://cocoputuma.wordpress.com/about/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Koleka Putuma |language=en}}</ref> * ''UHM'' (2014) * ''Woza Sarafina'' (2016) * ''Mbuzeni"'' (2018) * No Easter Sunday for Queers (2019) - wasan kwaikwayo game da addini da queerness bisa ga ɗayan waƙoƙin Putuma.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma's Christian/ queer collision – The Mail & Guardian |url=https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2019-08-21-koleka-putumas-christian-queer-collision/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200110005150/https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2019-08-21-koleka-putumas-christian-queer-collision/ |archive-date=10 January 2020 |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-ZA}}</ref> === Waƙoƙi === * ''Imbebwu Yesini'' (2016, edita)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Putuma |first=Koleka |last2=Perez |first2=Javier |date=2016 |title=Imbewu Yesini |url=https://www.africabib.org/rec.php?RID=40895759X |access-date=May 8, 2021}}</ref> * ''Amnesia ta Jama'a''<nowiki/>'a (2017) * ''Muna da Duk abin da muke Bukatar Farawa'' (2024) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-03 |title=We Have Everything We Need To Start Again by Koleka Putuma |url=https://schoolreadinglist.co.uk/childrens-book-reviews/we-have-everything-we-need-to-start-again/ |access-date=2024-09-01 |website=School Reading List}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka == * Gasar Waƙoƙin Slame ta Kasa (2014)<ref name=":0"/> * PEN Kyautar Rubutun Dalibai ta Afirka ta Kudu (2016) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mulgrew |first=Nick |title=Announcing the PEN South Africa Student Writing Prize Winner {{!}} PEN South Africa |url=http://pensouthafrica.co.za/announcing-the-pen-south-africa-student-writing-prize-winner/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-US}}</ref> * Kyautar Mbokodo Rising Light (2017)<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-06-02 |title=Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia Wins the Glenna Luschei Prize for African Poetry, Nick Makoha & Dami Ajayi Shortlisted |url=https://brittlepaper.com/2019/06/koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia-wins-2018-19-glenna-luschei-prize-for-african-poetry-nick-makoha-dami-ajayi-shortlisted/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Brittle Paper}}</ref> * Gasar Rubuce-rubucen SCrIBE (2018) <ref>{{Cite web |last=BWW News Desk |title=Koleka Putuma Announced As Winner Of 2018 SCrIBE Scriptwriting Competition |url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/south-africa/article/Koleka-Putuma-Announced-As-Winner-Of-2018-SCrIBE-Scriptwriting-Competition-20180928 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=BroadwayWorld.com |language=en}}</ref> * Forbes Afirka 30 a karkashin 30 Mai daraja (2018) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Africa |first=Forbes |date=2018-06-04 |title=Under 30 Creatives |url=https://www.forbesafrica.com/30-under-30/2018/06/04/under-30-creatives/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712004930/https://www.forbesafrica.com/30-under-30/2018/06/04/under-30-creatives/ |archive-date=12 July 2018 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Forbes Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> * Kyautar Glenna Luschei don Waƙoƙin Afirka (2018) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Prizes |url=http://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/prizes/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191230044343/http://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/prizes/ |archive-date=30 December 2019 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=African Poetry Book Fund |language=en-US}}</ref> * Gasar Wasanni ta Kasa ta Distell (2019) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-08-13 |title=OPEN CALL: 2020 Distell National Playwright Competition |url=https://10and5.com/2019/08/13/open-call-2020-distell-national-playwright-competition/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201206023044/https://10and5.com/2019/08/13/open-call-2020-distell-national-playwright-competition/ |archive-date=6 December 2020 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Between 10 and 5 |language=en-ZA}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1993]] k5s3qz1getkigkfd3wxicxay9o7gr1k 826526 826524 2026-04-26T07:41:50Z Pharouqenr 25549 826526 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Koleka Putuma''' (an haife ta a Port Elizabeth, 22 Maris 1993) mawaƙiya ce ta Afirka ta Kudu kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo. An zaɓe ta a matsayin daya daga cikin mata masu tasiri a kasar Okay Africa a shekarar 2019. == Tarihin rayuwa == An haifi Putuma a Port Elizabeth, Afirka ta Kudu, a cikin 1993. Ta yi karatu don digiri na BA a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo da wasan kwaikwayo a [[Jami'ar Cape Town]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma {{!}} Badilisha Poetry – Pan-African Poets |url=https://badilishapoetry.com/coco-putuma/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=badilishapoetry.com}}</ref> A shekara ta 2016, an ba ta lambar yabo ta rubuce-rubucen ɗaliban PEN don waka mai suna "Ruwa".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mulgrew |first=Nick |title=Water by Koleka Putuma {{!}} PEN South Africa |url=https://pensouthafrica.co.za/water-by-koleka-putuma/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-US}}</ref> Ana amfani da wannan waka a makarantu a matsayin tunatarwa cewa samun ruwa siyasa ne, tarihi da launin fata.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma: Water - Classroom - Art & Education |url=https://www.artandeducation.net/classroom/video/288707/koleka-putuma-water |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.artandeducation.net |language=en |archive-date=2020-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200111113912/https://www.artandeducation.net/classroom/video/288707/koleka-putuma-water |url-status=dead }}</ref> Jigogi masu maimaitawa a cikin aikin Putuma sune soyayya, queerness, gwagwarmayar mulkin mallaka da gadon wariyar launin fata, <ref>{{Cite web |title=PARSE |url=https://parsejournal.com/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=parsejournal.com |language=en-US}}</ref> da kuma haɗuwa da shugabanci tare da waɗannan ra'ayoyin da ainihi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 February 2017 |title=Koleka Putuma Talks Poetry Post-Patriarchy and Black Joy |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/koleka-putuma-talks-poetry-post-patriarchy-and-black-joy_uk_5c7e9763e4b078abc6c12232?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAAvrOm9Zp9hL5YJr49l1ilehUZhghF1AipxgX9A7YRVE5RqGLR8_KZg4nPuo-59iNR7jnpwDMF84L7wlQl7XpCLqg9trAVRyj_Kj44WOH5OUhXrZaN6243NqhQxpv14pRa5cpwJr9sjrgd6wcO2GXNdc587E07d0f-b3wwB0f1Uz |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=consent.yahoo.com}}</ref> Tana aiki a matsayin mai gabatar da gidan wasan kwaikwayo don Design Indaba kuma tana zaune a Cape Town.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Design Indaba appoints Koleka Putuma as theatre producer |url=https://www.bizcommunity.com/Article/196/415/185637.html |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.bizcommunity.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Poetry On The Road {{!}} May 22 – 27 2019 Koleka Putuma |url=http://www.poetry-on-the-road.com/authors/koleka-putuma/?lang=en |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421054015/http://www.poetry-on-the-road.com/authors/koleka-putuma/?lang=en |archive-date=21 April 2021 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.poetry-on-the-road.com}}</ref> === ''Amnesia ta Jama'a'' === Putuma first came to global attention with the publication of her poetry collection ''Collective Amnesia'', published by the South African poetry press uHlanga in 2017.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma, Collective Amnesia |url=http://uhlangapress.co.za/koleka-putuma-collective-amnesia |access-date=2021-08-09 |website=uHlanga |language=en-US}}</ref> It was released with complementary photography by Cape Town-based photographer Andy Mkosi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma's poems of celebration, grief and rage |url=https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2017-04-04-koleka-putumas-poems-of-celebration-grief-and-rage/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}{{Dead link|date=May 2023}}</ref> Within three months of its release, the book sold 2000 copies, had 17 launches across South Africa and was on the syllabus at two universities.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mkhabela |first=Sabelo |date=2017-07-22 |title=Koleka Putuma Is the Groundbreaking New Voice of South African Poetry |url=https://medium.com/@SabzaMK/koleka-putuma-is-the-groundbreaking-new-voice-of-south-african-poetry-d9cbed7feeed |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Medium |language=en}}</ref> After eight months, it had sold more than 5000 copies and Putuma had given performances of it across three continents.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gantsho |first=Vangile |date=2017-12-01 |title=Collective Amnesia, Koleka Putuma: reviews |url=https://journals.co.za/content/journal/10520/EJC-f65066330 |journal=New Coin Poetry |language=en |volume=53 |issue=2 |pages=77–80 |issn=0028-4459}}</ref> Its Spanish translation by Lawrence Schimel and Arrate Hidalgo was published in 2019,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Murua |first=James |author-link=James Murua |date=2018-11-19 |title=Koleka Putuma poetry collection "Collective Amnesia" now in Spanish. |url=https://www.writingafrica.com/koleka-putuma-poetry-collection-collective-amnesia-now-in-spanish/ |access-date=2024-05-11 |website=Writing Africa |language=en-GB}}</ref> and a Danish translation was published in 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma |url=https://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/apbf-authors/koleka-putuma/ |access-date=22 March 2024 |publisher=African Poetry Book Fuund |archive-date=22 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240322084843/https://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/apbf-authors/koleka-putuma/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> As of 2018, Putuma is the best-selling poet in South African history.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=d'Abdon |first=Raphael |date=2018-07-03 |title='You Say "Performance Poet", I Hear "Dance Nigger, Dance"': Problematizing the Notion of Performance Poetry in South Africa |journal=English Studies in Africa |volume=61 |issue=2 |pages=49–62 |doi=10.1080/00138398.2018.1540154 |issn=0013-8398 |s2cid=165926816}}</ref> Amnesia ta rukuni sananne ne saboda maimaita amfani da kalmar womxn, wanda aka nufa ya haɗa da [[Sauran rubutun mata|mata]] marasa fari da masu canza launin fata.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mathunjwa |first=Zimkhitha |date=12 June 2017 |title=Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia Insists On Visibility And Healing |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia-insists-on-visibility-and-hea_uk_5c7eab54e4b078abc6c2607e |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=consent.yahoo.com}}</ref> === Karɓar baƙi === Binciken Amnesia na Ƙungiya, Bongani Madondo na Johannesburg Review of Books ya yaba da Putuma a matsayin "masu basira".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-01 |title=Portrait of the poet as a young genius: Bongani Madondo reviews Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia |url=https://johannesburgreviewofbooks.com/2017/05/01/portrait-of-the-poet-as-a-young-genius-bongani-madondo-reviews-koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Johannesburg Review of Books |language=en-US}}</ref> Amnesia na rukuni ya zama babban rubutu don fahimtar Afirka ta Kudu ta bayan mulkin mallaka, musamman tare da mayar da hankali ga jikin mata baƙar fata da kuma asalin jinsi. Haith ya yi jayayya cewa tarin ya zama "abu ne na al'adu" na Afirka ta Kudu ta zamani, kamar yadda rubutu ne.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Haith |first=Chelsea |date=2018-08-02 |title='I question why I understand what she has said' – Language and decolonial justice in Koleka Putuma's debut poetry collection 'Collective Amnesia' |url=http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10053690/ |journal=MoveableType |volume=10 |pages=45 |doi=10.14324/111.1755-4527.081 |issn=1755-4527 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Shawarwarin Burger ya sanya amfani da ruwa na Putuma a matsayin na'urar wallafe-wallafen a cikin mahallin sauran mawaƙa na Afirka ta Kudu, kamar Ronelda S Kamfer .<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Burger |first=Bibi |date=2019-12-18 |title='Our respect for water is what you have termed fear': The Ocean in the Poetry of Ronelda S. Kamfer and Koleka Putuma |journal=Journal of Southern African Studies |volume=46 |pages=23–38 |doi=10.1080/03057070.2020.1697552 |issn=0305-7070 |s2cid=213424553 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Waƙar "Ruwa" ta zama mahimmin rubutu don binciken wallafe-wallafen hydrocolonialism.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hofmeyr |first=Isabel |date=2019-04-01 |title=Provisional Notes on Hydrocolonialism |journal=English Language Notes |language=en |volume=57 |issue=1 |pages=11–20 |doi=10.1215/00138282-7309644 |issn=0013-8282 |s2cid=167050340}}</ref> Pieterse ya jaddada rubuce-rubucen Putuma game da mace baƙar fata, tare da mawaki Sindiswa Busuku-Mathese.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Pieterse |first=Annel |date=2018-01-02 |title=Knowledge and Unlearning in the Poetry of Koleka Putuma and Sindiswa Busuku-Mathese |journal=Scrutiny2 |volume=23 |issue=1 |pages=35–46 |doi=10.1080/18125441.2018.1505937 |issn=1812-5441 |s2cid=149735055 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Duk da yake waƙoƙin Putuma ne suka kawo ta zuwa matakin duniya, an kuma karɓi aikinta na mataki zuwa yabo mai mahimmanci, yana hulɗa da batutuwan siyasa na zamani. Wasanta No Easter Sunday for Queers ya jawo hankali ga nuna bambanci da 'yan mata a Afirka ta Kudu za su iya fuskanta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-06 |title=Koleka Putuma's "No Easter Sunday for Queers" |url=https://thetheatretimes.com/koleka-putuma-no-easter-sunday-queers/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Theatre Times |language=en-US}}</ref> ''Mbuzeni'' yana magance matsalar marayu kuma 'yan mata biyar ne ke ba da labari, yayin da suke yin ba'a game da mutuwa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hofer |first=Alison |date=2019-11-20 |title=Contemporary plays by African women |journal=South African Theatre Journal |volume=32 |issue=2 |pages=186–190 |doi=10.1080/10137548.2019.1676571 |issn=1013-7548 |s2cid=213325447}}</ref> Boehmer yayi la'akari da Putuma a cikin wani littafi mai zurfi na waƙoƙin bayan mulkin mallaka da rubuce-rubucen gajeren labari, wanda zai iya jin ga mai karatu kamar "kira don aiki".<ref>{{Cite book|last3=Elleke Boehmer}}</ref> == Ayyuka == === Wasanni === * SCOOP: wasan kicin don masu kulawa da jarirai (2013) - wasan farko na Afirka ta Kudu da aka tsara don jarirai har zuwa watanni 12, tare da Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Magnet <ref name=":1" /> * ''Ekhaya'' - an rubuta shi don yara masu shekaru 2-7 <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2012-01-23 |title=ABOUT |url=https://cocoputuma.wordpress.com/about/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Koleka Putuma |language=en}}</ref> * ''UHM'' (2014) * ''Woza Sarafina'' (2016) * ''Mbuzeni"'' (2018) * No Easter Sunday for Queers (2019) - wasan kwaikwayo game da addini da queerness bisa ga ɗayan waƙoƙin Putuma.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma's Christian/ queer collision – The Mail & Guardian |url=https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2019-08-21-koleka-putumas-christian-queer-collision/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200110005150/https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2019-08-21-koleka-putumas-christian-queer-collision/ |archive-date=10 January 2020 |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-ZA}}</ref> === Waƙoƙi === * ''Imbebwu Yesini'' (2016, edita)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Putuma |first=Koleka |last2=Perez |first2=Javier |date=2016 |title=Imbewu Yesini |url=https://www.africabib.org/rec.php?RID=40895759X |access-date=May 8, 2021}}</ref> * ''Amnesia ta Jama'a''<nowiki/>'a (2017) * ''Muna da Duk abin da muke Bukatar Farawa'' (2024) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-03 |title=We Have Everything We Need To Start Again by Koleka Putuma |url=https://schoolreadinglist.co.uk/childrens-book-reviews/we-have-everything-we-need-to-start-again/ |access-date=2024-09-01 |website=School Reading List}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka == * Gasar Waƙoƙin Slame ta Kasa (2014)<ref name=":0"/> * PEN Kyautar Rubutun Dalibai ta Afirka ta Kudu (2016) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mulgrew |first=Nick |title=Announcing the PEN South Africa Student Writing Prize Winner {{!}} PEN South Africa |url=http://pensouthafrica.co.za/announcing-the-pen-south-africa-student-writing-prize-winner/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-US}}</ref> * Kyautar Mbokodo Rising Light (2017)<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-06-02 |title=Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia Wins the Glenna Luschei Prize for African Poetry, Nick Makoha & Dami Ajayi Shortlisted |url=https://brittlepaper.com/2019/06/koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia-wins-2018-19-glenna-luschei-prize-for-african-poetry-nick-makoha-dami-ajayi-shortlisted/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Brittle Paper}}</ref> * Gasar Rubuce-rubucen SCrIBE (2018)<ref>{{Cite web |last=BWW News Desk |title=Koleka Putuma Announced As Winner Of 2018 SCrIBE Scriptwriting Competition |url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/south-africa/article/Koleka-Putuma-Announced-As-Winner-Of-2018-SCrIBE-Scriptwriting-Competition-20180928 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=BroadwayWorld.com |language=en}}</ref> * Forbes Afirka 30 a karkashin 30 Mai daraja (2018) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Africa |first=Forbes |date=2018-06-04 |title=Under 30 Creatives |url=https://www.forbesafrica.com/30-under-30/2018/06/04/under-30-creatives/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712004930/https://www.forbesafrica.com/30-under-30/2018/06/04/under-30-creatives/ |archive-date=12 July 2018 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Forbes Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> * Kyautar Glenna Luschei don Waƙoƙin Afirka (2018) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Prizes |url=http://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/prizes/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191230044343/http://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/prizes/ |archive-date=30 December 2019 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=African Poetry Book Fund |language=en-US}}</ref> * Gasar Wasanni ta Kasa ta Distell (2019) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-08-13 |title=OPEN CALL: 2020 Distell National Playwright Competition |url=https://10and5.com/2019/08/13/open-call-2020-distell-national-playwright-competition/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201206023044/https://10and5.com/2019/08/13/open-call-2020-distell-national-playwright-competition/ |archive-date=6 December 2020 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Between 10 and 5 |language=en-ZA}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1993]] kcjaybdfeo55tj79ab3s3uybnvv8q8m 826527 826526 2026-04-26T07:42:09Z Pharouqenr 25549 826527 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Koleka Putuma''' (an haife ta a Port Elizabeth, 22 Maris 1993) mawaƙiya ce ta Afirka ta Kudu kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo. An zaɓe ta a matsayin daya daga cikin mata masu tasiri a kasar Okay Africa a shekarar 2019. == Tarihin rayuwa == An haifi Putuma a Port Elizabeth, Afirka ta Kudu, a cikin 1993. Ta yi karatu don digiri na BA a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo da wasan kwaikwayo a [[Jami'ar Cape Town]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma {{!}} Badilisha Poetry – Pan-African Poets |url=https://badilishapoetry.com/coco-putuma/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=badilishapoetry.com}}</ref> A shekara ta 2016, an ba ta lambar yabo ta rubuce-rubucen ɗaliban PEN don waka mai suna "Ruwa".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mulgrew |first=Nick |title=Water by Koleka Putuma {{!}} PEN South Africa |url=https://pensouthafrica.co.za/water-by-koleka-putuma/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-US}}</ref> Ana amfani da wannan waka a makarantu a matsayin tunatarwa cewa samun ruwa siyasa ne, tarihi da launin fata.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma: Water - Classroom - Art & Education |url=https://www.artandeducation.net/classroom/video/288707/koleka-putuma-water |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.artandeducation.net |language=en |archive-date=2020-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200111113912/https://www.artandeducation.net/classroom/video/288707/koleka-putuma-water |url-status=dead }}</ref> Jigogi masu maimaitawa a cikin aikin Putuma sune soyayya, queerness, gwagwarmayar mulkin mallaka da gadon wariyar launin fata, <ref>{{Cite web |title=PARSE |url=https://parsejournal.com/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=parsejournal.com |language=en-US}}</ref> da kuma haɗuwa da shugabanci tare da waɗannan ra'ayoyin da ainihi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 February 2017 |title=Koleka Putuma Talks Poetry Post-Patriarchy and Black Joy |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/koleka-putuma-talks-poetry-post-patriarchy-and-black-joy_uk_5c7e9763e4b078abc6c12232?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAAvrOm9Zp9hL5YJr49l1ilehUZhghF1AipxgX9A7YRVE5RqGLR8_KZg4nPuo-59iNR7jnpwDMF84L7wlQl7XpCLqg9trAVRyj_Kj44WOH5OUhXrZaN6243NqhQxpv14pRa5cpwJr9sjrgd6wcO2GXNdc587E07d0f-b3wwB0f1Uz |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=consent.yahoo.com}}</ref> Tana aiki a matsayin mai gabatar da gidan wasan kwaikwayo don Design Indaba kuma tana zaune a Cape Town.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Design Indaba appoints Koleka Putuma as theatre producer |url=https://www.bizcommunity.com/Article/196/415/185637.html |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.bizcommunity.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Poetry On The Road {{!}} May 22 – 27 2019 Koleka Putuma |url=http://www.poetry-on-the-road.com/authors/koleka-putuma/?lang=en |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421054015/http://www.poetry-on-the-road.com/authors/koleka-putuma/?lang=en |archive-date=21 April 2021 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.poetry-on-the-road.com}}</ref> === ''Amnesia ta Jama'a'' === Putuma first came to global attention with the publication of her poetry collection ''Collective Amnesia'', published by the South African poetry press uHlanga in 2017.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma, Collective Amnesia |url=http://uhlangapress.co.za/koleka-putuma-collective-amnesia |access-date=2021-08-09 |website=uHlanga |language=en-US}}</ref> It was released with complementary photography by Cape Town-based photographer Andy Mkosi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma's poems of celebration, grief and rage |url=https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2017-04-04-koleka-putumas-poems-of-celebration-grief-and-rage/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}{{Dead link|date=May 2023}}</ref> Within three months of its release, the book sold 2000 copies, had 17 launches across South Africa and was on the syllabus at two universities.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mkhabela |first=Sabelo |date=2017-07-22 |title=Koleka Putuma Is the Groundbreaking New Voice of South African Poetry |url=https://medium.com/@SabzaMK/koleka-putuma-is-the-groundbreaking-new-voice-of-south-african-poetry-d9cbed7feeed |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Medium |language=en}}</ref> After eight months, it had sold more than 5000 copies and Putuma had given performances of it across three continents.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gantsho |first=Vangile |date=2017-12-01 |title=Collective Amnesia, Koleka Putuma: reviews |url=https://journals.co.za/content/journal/10520/EJC-f65066330 |journal=New Coin Poetry |language=en |volume=53 |issue=2 |pages=77–80 |issn=0028-4459}}</ref> Its Spanish translation by Lawrence Schimel and Arrate Hidalgo was published in 2019,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Murua |first=James |author-link=James Murua |date=2018-11-19 |title=Koleka Putuma poetry collection "Collective Amnesia" now in Spanish. |url=https://www.writingafrica.com/koleka-putuma-poetry-collection-collective-amnesia-now-in-spanish/ |access-date=2024-05-11 |website=Writing Africa |language=en-GB}}</ref> and a Danish translation was published in 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma |url=https://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/apbf-authors/koleka-putuma/ |access-date=22 March 2024 |publisher=African Poetry Book Fuund |archive-date=22 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240322084843/https://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/apbf-authors/koleka-putuma/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> As of 2018, Putuma is the best-selling poet in South African history.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=d'Abdon |first=Raphael |date=2018-07-03 |title='You Say "Performance Poet", I Hear "Dance Nigger, Dance"': Problematizing the Notion of Performance Poetry in South Africa |journal=English Studies in Africa |volume=61 |issue=2 |pages=49–62 |doi=10.1080/00138398.2018.1540154 |issn=0013-8398 |s2cid=165926816}}</ref> Amnesia ta rukuni sananne ne saboda maimaita amfani da kalmar womxn, wanda aka nufa ya haɗa da [[Sauran rubutun mata|mata]] marasa fari da masu canza launin fata.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mathunjwa |first=Zimkhitha |date=12 June 2017 |title=Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia Insists On Visibility And Healing |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia-insists-on-visibility-and-hea_uk_5c7eab54e4b078abc6c2607e |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=consent.yahoo.com}}</ref> === Karɓar baƙi === Binciken Amnesia na Ƙungiya, Bongani Madondo na Johannesburg Review of Books ya yaba da Putuma a matsayin "masu basira".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-01 |title=Portrait of the poet as a young genius: Bongani Madondo reviews Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia |url=https://johannesburgreviewofbooks.com/2017/05/01/portrait-of-the-poet-as-a-young-genius-bongani-madondo-reviews-koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Johannesburg Review of Books |language=en-US}}</ref> Amnesia na rukuni ya zama babban rubutu don fahimtar Afirka ta Kudu ta bayan mulkin mallaka, musamman tare da mayar da hankali ga jikin mata baƙar fata da kuma asalin jinsi. Haith ya yi jayayya cewa tarin ya zama "abu ne na al'adu" na Afirka ta Kudu ta zamani, kamar yadda rubutu ne.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Haith |first=Chelsea |date=2018-08-02 |title='I question why I understand what she has said' – Language and decolonial justice in Koleka Putuma's debut poetry collection 'Collective Amnesia' |url=http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10053690/ |journal=MoveableType |volume=10 |pages=45 |doi=10.14324/111.1755-4527.081 |issn=1755-4527 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Shawarwarin Burger ya sanya amfani da ruwa na Putuma a matsayin na'urar wallafe-wallafen a cikin mahallin sauran mawaƙa na Afirka ta Kudu, kamar Ronelda S Kamfer .<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Burger |first=Bibi |date=2019-12-18 |title='Our respect for water is what you have termed fear': The Ocean in the Poetry of Ronelda S. Kamfer and Koleka Putuma |journal=Journal of Southern African Studies |volume=46 |pages=23–38 |doi=10.1080/03057070.2020.1697552 |issn=0305-7070 |s2cid=213424553 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Waƙar "Ruwa" ta zama mahimmin rubutu don binciken wallafe-wallafen hydrocolonialism.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hofmeyr |first=Isabel |date=2019-04-01 |title=Provisional Notes on Hydrocolonialism |journal=English Language Notes |language=en |volume=57 |issue=1 |pages=11–20 |doi=10.1215/00138282-7309644 |issn=0013-8282 |s2cid=167050340}}</ref> Pieterse ya jaddada rubuce-rubucen Putuma game da mace baƙar fata, tare da mawaki Sindiswa Busuku-Mathese.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Pieterse |first=Annel |date=2018-01-02 |title=Knowledge and Unlearning in the Poetry of Koleka Putuma and Sindiswa Busuku-Mathese |journal=Scrutiny2 |volume=23 |issue=1 |pages=35–46 |doi=10.1080/18125441.2018.1505937 |issn=1812-5441 |s2cid=149735055 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Duk da yake waƙoƙin Putuma ne suka kawo ta zuwa matakin duniya, an kuma karɓi aikinta na mataki zuwa yabo mai mahimmanci, yana hulɗa da batutuwan siyasa na zamani. Wasanta No Easter Sunday for Queers ya jawo hankali ga nuna bambanci da 'yan mata a Afirka ta Kudu za su iya fuskanta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-06 |title=Koleka Putuma's "No Easter Sunday for Queers" |url=https://thetheatretimes.com/koleka-putuma-no-easter-sunday-queers/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Theatre Times |language=en-US}}</ref> ''Mbuzeni'' yana magance matsalar marayu kuma 'yan mata biyar ne ke ba da labari, yayin da suke yin ba'a game da mutuwa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hofer |first=Alison |date=2019-11-20 |title=Contemporary plays by African women |journal=South African Theatre Journal |volume=32 |issue=2 |pages=186–190 |doi=10.1080/10137548.2019.1676571 |issn=1013-7548 |s2cid=213325447}}</ref> Boehmer yayi la'akari da Putuma a cikin wani littafi mai zurfi na waƙoƙin bayan mulkin mallaka da rubuce-rubucen gajeren labari, wanda zai iya jin ga mai karatu kamar "kira don aiki".<ref>{{Cite book|last3=Elleke Boehmer}}</ref> == Ayyuka == === Wasanni === * SCOOP: wasan kicin don masu kulawa da jarirai (2013) - wasan farko na Afirka ta Kudu da aka tsara don jarirai har zuwa watanni 12, tare da Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Magnet <ref name=":1" /> * ''Ekhaya'' - an rubuta shi don yara masu shekaru 2-7 <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2012-01-23 |title=ABOUT |url=https://cocoputuma.wordpress.com/about/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Koleka Putuma |language=en}}</ref> * ''UHM'' (2014) * ''Woza Sarafina'' (2016) * ''Mbuzeni"'' (2018) * No Easter Sunday for Queers (2019) - wasan kwaikwayo game da addini da queerness bisa ga ɗayan waƙoƙin Putuma.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma's Christian/ queer collision – The Mail & Guardian |url=https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2019-08-21-koleka-putumas-christian-queer-collision/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200110005150/https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2019-08-21-koleka-putumas-christian-queer-collision/ |archive-date=10 January 2020 |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-ZA}}</ref> === Waƙoƙi === * ''Imbebwu Yesini'' (2016, edita)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Putuma |first=Koleka |last2=Perez |first2=Javier |date=2016 |title=Imbewu Yesini |url=https://www.africabib.org/rec.php?RID=40895759X |access-date=May 8, 2021}}</ref> * ''Amnesia ta Jama'a''<nowiki/>'a (2017) * ''Muna da Duk abin da muke Bukatar Farawa'' (2024) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-03 |title=We Have Everything We Need To Start Again by Koleka Putuma |url=https://schoolreadinglist.co.uk/childrens-book-reviews/we-have-everything-we-need-to-start-again/ |access-date=2024-09-01 |website=School Reading List}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka == * Gasar Waƙoƙin Slame ta Kasa (2014)<ref name=":0"/> * PEN Kyautar Rubutun Dalibai ta Afirka ta Kudu (2016) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mulgrew |first=Nick |title=Announcing the PEN South Africa Student Writing Prize Winner {{!}} PEN South Africa |url=http://pensouthafrica.co.za/announcing-the-pen-south-africa-student-writing-prize-winner/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-US}}</ref> * Kyautar Mbokodo Rising Light (2017)<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-06-02 |title=Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia Wins the Glenna Luschei Prize for African Poetry, Nick Makoha & Dami Ajayi Shortlisted |url=https://brittlepaper.com/2019/06/koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia-wins-2018-19-glenna-luschei-prize-for-african-poetry-nick-makoha-dami-ajayi-shortlisted/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Brittle Paper}}</ref> * Gasar Rubuce-rubucen SCrIBE (2018)<ref>{{Cite web |last=BWW News Desk |title=Koleka Putuma Announced As Winner Of 2018 SCrIBE Scriptwriting Competition |url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/south-africa/article/Koleka-Putuma-Announced-As-Winner-Of-2018-SCrIBE-Scriptwriting-Competition-20180928 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=BroadwayWorld.com |language=en}}</ref> * Forbes Afirka 30 a karkashin 30 Mai daraja (2018)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Africa |first=Forbes |date=2018-06-04 |title=Under 30 Creatives |url=https://www.forbesafrica.com/30-under-30/2018/06/04/under-30-creatives/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712004930/https://www.forbesafrica.com/30-under-30/2018/06/04/under-30-creatives/ |archive-date=12 July 2018 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Forbes Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> * Kyautar Glenna Luschei don Waƙoƙin Afirka (2018) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Prizes |url=http://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/prizes/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191230044343/http://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/prizes/ |archive-date=30 December 2019 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=African Poetry Book Fund |language=en-US}}</ref> * Gasar Wasanni ta Kasa ta Distell (2019) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-08-13 |title=OPEN CALL: 2020 Distell National Playwright Competition |url=https://10and5.com/2019/08/13/open-call-2020-distell-national-playwright-competition/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201206023044/https://10and5.com/2019/08/13/open-call-2020-distell-national-playwright-competition/ |archive-date=6 December 2020 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Between 10 and 5 |language=en-ZA}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1993]] 528eh28qjctsyq7854uuo5oxmtlwcpe 826528 826527 2026-04-26T07:42:29Z Pharouqenr 25549 826528 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Koleka Putuma''' (an haife ta a Port Elizabeth, 22 Maris 1993) mawaƙiya ce ta Afirka ta Kudu kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo. An zaɓe ta a matsayin daya daga cikin mata masu tasiri a kasar Okay Africa a shekarar 2019. == Tarihin rayuwa == An haifi Putuma a Port Elizabeth, Afirka ta Kudu, a cikin 1993. Ta yi karatu don digiri na BA a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo da wasan kwaikwayo a [[Jami'ar Cape Town]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma {{!}} Badilisha Poetry – Pan-African Poets |url=https://badilishapoetry.com/coco-putuma/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=badilishapoetry.com}}</ref> A shekara ta 2016, an ba ta lambar yabo ta rubuce-rubucen ɗaliban PEN don waka mai suna "Ruwa".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mulgrew |first=Nick |title=Water by Koleka Putuma {{!}} PEN South Africa |url=https://pensouthafrica.co.za/water-by-koleka-putuma/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-US}}</ref> Ana amfani da wannan waka a makarantu a matsayin tunatarwa cewa samun ruwa siyasa ne, tarihi da launin fata.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma: Water - Classroom - Art & Education |url=https://www.artandeducation.net/classroom/video/288707/koleka-putuma-water |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.artandeducation.net |language=en |archive-date=2020-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200111113912/https://www.artandeducation.net/classroom/video/288707/koleka-putuma-water |url-status=dead }}</ref> Jigogi masu maimaitawa a cikin aikin Putuma sune soyayya, queerness, gwagwarmayar mulkin mallaka da gadon wariyar launin fata, <ref>{{Cite web |title=PARSE |url=https://parsejournal.com/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=parsejournal.com |language=en-US}}</ref> da kuma haɗuwa da shugabanci tare da waɗannan ra'ayoyin da ainihi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 February 2017 |title=Koleka Putuma Talks Poetry Post-Patriarchy and Black Joy |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/koleka-putuma-talks-poetry-post-patriarchy-and-black-joy_uk_5c7e9763e4b078abc6c12232?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAAvrOm9Zp9hL5YJr49l1ilehUZhghF1AipxgX9A7YRVE5RqGLR8_KZg4nPuo-59iNR7jnpwDMF84L7wlQl7XpCLqg9trAVRyj_Kj44WOH5OUhXrZaN6243NqhQxpv14pRa5cpwJr9sjrgd6wcO2GXNdc587E07d0f-b3wwB0f1Uz |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=consent.yahoo.com}}</ref> Tana aiki a matsayin mai gabatar da gidan wasan kwaikwayo don Design Indaba kuma tana zaune a Cape Town.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Design Indaba appoints Koleka Putuma as theatre producer |url=https://www.bizcommunity.com/Article/196/415/185637.html |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.bizcommunity.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Poetry On The Road {{!}} May 22 – 27 2019 Koleka Putuma |url=http://www.poetry-on-the-road.com/authors/koleka-putuma/?lang=en |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421054015/http://www.poetry-on-the-road.com/authors/koleka-putuma/?lang=en |archive-date=21 April 2021 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.poetry-on-the-road.com}}</ref> === ''Amnesia ta Jama'a'' === Putuma first came to global attention with the publication of her poetry collection ''Collective Amnesia'', published by the South African poetry press uHlanga in 2017.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma, Collective Amnesia |url=http://uhlangapress.co.za/koleka-putuma-collective-amnesia |access-date=2021-08-09 |website=uHlanga |language=en-US}}</ref> It was released with complementary photography by Cape Town-based photographer Andy Mkosi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma's poems of celebration, grief and rage |url=https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2017-04-04-koleka-putumas-poems-of-celebration-grief-and-rage/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}{{Dead link|date=May 2023}}</ref> Within three months of its release, the book sold 2000 copies, had 17 launches across South Africa and was on the syllabus at two universities.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mkhabela |first=Sabelo |date=2017-07-22 |title=Koleka Putuma Is the Groundbreaking New Voice of South African Poetry |url=https://medium.com/@SabzaMK/koleka-putuma-is-the-groundbreaking-new-voice-of-south-african-poetry-d9cbed7feeed |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Medium |language=en}}</ref> After eight months, it had sold more than 5000 copies and Putuma had given performances of it across three continents.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gantsho |first=Vangile |date=2017-12-01 |title=Collective Amnesia, Koleka Putuma: reviews |url=https://journals.co.za/content/journal/10520/EJC-f65066330 |journal=New Coin Poetry |language=en |volume=53 |issue=2 |pages=77–80 |issn=0028-4459}}</ref> Its Spanish translation by Lawrence Schimel and Arrate Hidalgo was published in 2019,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Murua |first=James |author-link=James Murua |date=2018-11-19 |title=Koleka Putuma poetry collection "Collective Amnesia" now in Spanish. |url=https://www.writingafrica.com/koleka-putuma-poetry-collection-collective-amnesia-now-in-spanish/ |access-date=2024-05-11 |website=Writing Africa |language=en-GB}}</ref> and a Danish translation was published in 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma |url=https://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/apbf-authors/koleka-putuma/ |access-date=22 March 2024 |publisher=African Poetry Book Fuund |archive-date=22 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240322084843/https://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/apbf-authors/koleka-putuma/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> As of 2018, Putuma is the best-selling poet in South African history.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=d'Abdon |first=Raphael |date=2018-07-03 |title='You Say "Performance Poet", I Hear "Dance Nigger, Dance"': Problematizing the Notion of Performance Poetry in South Africa |journal=English Studies in Africa |volume=61 |issue=2 |pages=49–62 |doi=10.1080/00138398.2018.1540154 |issn=0013-8398 |s2cid=165926816}}</ref> Amnesia ta rukuni sananne ne saboda maimaita amfani da kalmar womxn, wanda aka nufa ya haɗa da [[Sauran rubutun mata|mata]] marasa fari da masu canza launin fata.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mathunjwa |first=Zimkhitha |date=12 June 2017 |title=Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia Insists On Visibility And Healing |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia-insists-on-visibility-and-hea_uk_5c7eab54e4b078abc6c2607e |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=consent.yahoo.com}}</ref> === Karɓar baƙi === Binciken Amnesia na Ƙungiya, Bongani Madondo na Johannesburg Review of Books ya yaba da Putuma a matsayin "masu basira".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-01 |title=Portrait of the poet as a young genius: Bongani Madondo reviews Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia |url=https://johannesburgreviewofbooks.com/2017/05/01/portrait-of-the-poet-as-a-young-genius-bongani-madondo-reviews-koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Johannesburg Review of Books |language=en-US}}</ref> Amnesia na rukuni ya zama babban rubutu don fahimtar Afirka ta Kudu ta bayan mulkin mallaka, musamman tare da mayar da hankali ga jikin mata baƙar fata da kuma asalin jinsi. Haith ya yi jayayya cewa tarin ya zama "abu ne na al'adu" na Afirka ta Kudu ta zamani, kamar yadda rubutu ne.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Haith |first=Chelsea |date=2018-08-02 |title='I question why I understand what she has said' – Language and decolonial justice in Koleka Putuma's debut poetry collection 'Collective Amnesia' |url=http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10053690/ |journal=MoveableType |volume=10 |pages=45 |doi=10.14324/111.1755-4527.081 |issn=1755-4527 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Shawarwarin Burger ya sanya amfani da ruwa na Putuma a matsayin na'urar wallafe-wallafen a cikin mahallin sauran mawaƙa na Afirka ta Kudu, kamar Ronelda S Kamfer .<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Burger |first=Bibi |date=2019-12-18 |title='Our respect for water is what you have termed fear': The Ocean in the Poetry of Ronelda S. Kamfer and Koleka Putuma |journal=Journal of Southern African Studies |volume=46 |pages=23–38 |doi=10.1080/03057070.2020.1697552 |issn=0305-7070 |s2cid=213424553 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Waƙar "Ruwa" ta zama mahimmin rubutu don binciken wallafe-wallafen hydrocolonialism.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hofmeyr |first=Isabel |date=2019-04-01 |title=Provisional Notes on Hydrocolonialism |journal=English Language Notes |language=en |volume=57 |issue=1 |pages=11–20 |doi=10.1215/00138282-7309644 |issn=0013-8282 |s2cid=167050340}}</ref> Pieterse ya jaddada rubuce-rubucen Putuma game da mace baƙar fata, tare da mawaki Sindiswa Busuku-Mathese.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Pieterse |first=Annel |date=2018-01-02 |title=Knowledge and Unlearning in the Poetry of Koleka Putuma and Sindiswa Busuku-Mathese |journal=Scrutiny2 |volume=23 |issue=1 |pages=35–46 |doi=10.1080/18125441.2018.1505937 |issn=1812-5441 |s2cid=149735055 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Duk da yake waƙoƙin Putuma ne suka kawo ta zuwa matakin duniya, an kuma karɓi aikinta na mataki zuwa yabo mai mahimmanci, yana hulɗa da batutuwan siyasa na zamani. Wasanta No Easter Sunday for Queers ya jawo hankali ga nuna bambanci da 'yan mata a Afirka ta Kudu za su iya fuskanta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-06 |title=Koleka Putuma's "No Easter Sunday for Queers" |url=https://thetheatretimes.com/koleka-putuma-no-easter-sunday-queers/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Theatre Times |language=en-US}}</ref> ''Mbuzeni'' yana magance matsalar marayu kuma 'yan mata biyar ne ke ba da labari, yayin da suke yin ba'a game da mutuwa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hofer |first=Alison |date=2019-11-20 |title=Contemporary plays by African women |journal=South African Theatre Journal |volume=32 |issue=2 |pages=186–190 |doi=10.1080/10137548.2019.1676571 |issn=1013-7548 |s2cid=213325447}}</ref> Boehmer yayi la'akari da Putuma a cikin wani littafi mai zurfi na waƙoƙin bayan mulkin mallaka da rubuce-rubucen gajeren labari, wanda zai iya jin ga mai karatu kamar "kira don aiki".<ref>{{Cite book|last3=Elleke Boehmer}}</ref> == Ayyuka == === Wasanni === * SCOOP: wasan kicin don masu kulawa da jarirai (2013) - wasan farko na Afirka ta Kudu da aka tsara don jarirai har zuwa watanni 12, tare da Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Magnet <ref name=":1" /> * ''Ekhaya'' - an rubuta shi don yara masu shekaru 2-7 <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2012-01-23 |title=ABOUT |url=https://cocoputuma.wordpress.com/about/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Koleka Putuma |language=en}}</ref> * ''UHM'' (2014) * ''Woza Sarafina'' (2016) * ''Mbuzeni"'' (2018) * No Easter Sunday for Queers (2019) - wasan kwaikwayo game da addini da queerness bisa ga ɗayan waƙoƙin Putuma.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma's Christian/ queer collision – The Mail & Guardian |url=https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2019-08-21-koleka-putumas-christian-queer-collision/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200110005150/https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2019-08-21-koleka-putumas-christian-queer-collision/ |archive-date=10 January 2020 |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-ZA}}</ref> === Waƙoƙi === * ''Imbebwu Yesini'' (2016, edita)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Putuma |first=Koleka |last2=Perez |first2=Javier |date=2016 |title=Imbewu Yesini |url=https://www.africabib.org/rec.php?RID=40895759X |access-date=May 8, 2021}}</ref> * ''Amnesia ta Jama'a''<nowiki/>'a (2017) * ''Muna da Duk abin da muke Bukatar Farawa'' (2024) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-03 |title=We Have Everything We Need To Start Again by Koleka Putuma |url=https://schoolreadinglist.co.uk/childrens-book-reviews/we-have-everything-we-need-to-start-again/ |access-date=2024-09-01 |website=School Reading List}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka == * Gasar Waƙoƙin Slame ta Kasa (2014)<ref name=":0"/> * PEN Kyautar Rubutun Dalibai ta Afirka ta Kudu (2016) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mulgrew |first=Nick |title=Announcing the PEN South Africa Student Writing Prize Winner {{!}} PEN South Africa |url=http://pensouthafrica.co.za/announcing-the-pen-south-africa-student-writing-prize-winner/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-US}}</ref> * Kyautar Mbokodo Rising Light (2017)<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-06-02 |title=Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia Wins the Glenna Luschei Prize for African Poetry, Nick Makoha & Dami Ajayi Shortlisted |url=https://brittlepaper.com/2019/06/koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia-wins-2018-19-glenna-luschei-prize-for-african-poetry-nick-makoha-dami-ajayi-shortlisted/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Brittle Paper}}</ref> * Gasar Rubuce-rubucen SCrIBE (2018)<ref>{{Cite web |last=BWW News Desk |title=Koleka Putuma Announced As Winner Of 2018 SCrIBE Scriptwriting Competition |url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/south-africa/article/Koleka-Putuma-Announced-As-Winner-Of-2018-SCrIBE-Scriptwriting-Competition-20180928 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=BroadwayWorld.com |language=en}}</ref> * Forbes Afirka 30 a karkashin 30 Mai daraja (2018)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Africa |first=Forbes |date=2018-06-04 |title=Under 30 Creatives |url=https://www.forbesafrica.com/30-under-30/2018/06/04/under-30-creatives/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712004930/https://www.forbesafrica.com/30-under-30/2018/06/04/under-30-creatives/ |archive-date=12 July 2018 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Forbes Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> * Kyautar Glenna Luschei don Waƙoƙin Afirka (2018)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Prizes |url=http://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/prizes/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191230044343/http://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/prizes/ |archive-date=30 December 2019 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=African Poetry Book Fund |language=en-US}}</ref> * Gasar Wasanni ta Kasa ta Distell (2019) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-08-13 |title=OPEN CALL: 2020 Distell National Playwright Competition |url=https://10and5.com/2019/08/13/open-call-2020-distell-national-playwright-competition/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201206023044/https://10and5.com/2019/08/13/open-call-2020-distell-national-playwright-competition/ |archive-date=6 December 2020 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Between 10 and 5 |language=en-ZA}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1993]] qnres37hb2b9iiunzgnyj8spvs5tqex 826529 826528 2026-04-26T07:42:46Z Pharouqenr 25549 826529 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Koleka Putuma''' (an haife ta a Port Elizabeth, 22 Maris 1993) mawaƙiya ce ta Afirka ta Kudu kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo. An zaɓe ta a matsayin daya daga cikin mata masu tasiri a kasar Okay Africa a shekarar 2019. == Tarihin rayuwa == An haifi Putuma a Port Elizabeth, Afirka ta Kudu, a cikin 1993. Ta yi karatu don digiri na BA a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo da wasan kwaikwayo a [[Jami'ar Cape Town]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma {{!}} Badilisha Poetry – Pan-African Poets |url=https://badilishapoetry.com/coco-putuma/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=badilishapoetry.com}}</ref> A shekara ta 2016, an ba ta lambar yabo ta rubuce-rubucen ɗaliban PEN don waka mai suna "Ruwa".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mulgrew |first=Nick |title=Water by Koleka Putuma {{!}} PEN South Africa |url=https://pensouthafrica.co.za/water-by-koleka-putuma/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-US}}</ref> Ana amfani da wannan waka a makarantu a matsayin tunatarwa cewa samun ruwa siyasa ne, tarihi da launin fata.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma: Water - Classroom - Art & Education |url=https://www.artandeducation.net/classroom/video/288707/koleka-putuma-water |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.artandeducation.net |language=en |archive-date=2020-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200111113912/https://www.artandeducation.net/classroom/video/288707/koleka-putuma-water |url-status=dead }}</ref> Jigogi masu maimaitawa a cikin aikin Putuma sune soyayya, queerness, gwagwarmayar mulkin mallaka da gadon wariyar launin fata, <ref>{{Cite web |title=PARSE |url=https://parsejournal.com/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=parsejournal.com |language=en-US}}</ref> da kuma haɗuwa da shugabanci tare da waɗannan ra'ayoyin da ainihi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 February 2017 |title=Koleka Putuma Talks Poetry Post-Patriarchy and Black Joy |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/koleka-putuma-talks-poetry-post-patriarchy-and-black-joy_uk_5c7e9763e4b078abc6c12232?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAAvrOm9Zp9hL5YJr49l1ilehUZhghF1AipxgX9A7YRVE5RqGLR8_KZg4nPuo-59iNR7jnpwDMF84L7wlQl7XpCLqg9trAVRyj_Kj44WOH5OUhXrZaN6243NqhQxpv14pRa5cpwJr9sjrgd6wcO2GXNdc587E07d0f-b3wwB0f1Uz |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=consent.yahoo.com}}</ref> Tana aiki a matsayin mai gabatar da gidan wasan kwaikwayo don Design Indaba kuma tana zaune a Cape Town.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Design Indaba appoints Koleka Putuma as theatre producer |url=https://www.bizcommunity.com/Article/196/415/185637.html |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.bizcommunity.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Poetry On The Road {{!}} May 22 – 27 2019 Koleka Putuma |url=http://www.poetry-on-the-road.com/authors/koleka-putuma/?lang=en |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421054015/http://www.poetry-on-the-road.com/authors/koleka-putuma/?lang=en |archive-date=21 April 2021 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.poetry-on-the-road.com}}</ref> === ''Amnesia ta Jama'a'' === Putuma first came to global attention with the publication of her poetry collection ''Collective Amnesia'', published by the South African poetry press uHlanga in 2017.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma, Collective Amnesia |url=http://uhlangapress.co.za/koleka-putuma-collective-amnesia |access-date=2021-08-09 |website=uHlanga |language=en-US}}</ref> It was released with complementary photography by Cape Town-based photographer Andy Mkosi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma's poems of celebration, grief and rage |url=https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2017-04-04-koleka-putumas-poems-of-celebration-grief-and-rage/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}{{Dead link|date=May 2023}}</ref> Within three months of its release, the book sold 2000 copies, had 17 launches across South Africa and was on the syllabus at two universities.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mkhabela |first=Sabelo |date=2017-07-22 |title=Koleka Putuma Is the Groundbreaking New Voice of South African Poetry |url=https://medium.com/@SabzaMK/koleka-putuma-is-the-groundbreaking-new-voice-of-south-african-poetry-d9cbed7feeed |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Medium |language=en}}</ref> After eight months, it had sold more than 5000 copies and Putuma had given performances of it across three continents.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gantsho |first=Vangile |date=2017-12-01 |title=Collective Amnesia, Koleka Putuma: reviews |url=https://journals.co.za/content/journal/10520/EJC-f65066330 |journal=New Coin Poetry |language=en |volume=53 |issue=2 |pages=77–80 |issn=0028-4459}}</ref> Its Spanish translation by Lawrence Schimel and Arrate Hidalgo was published in 2019,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Murua |first=James |author-link=James Murua |date=2018-11-19 |title=Koleka Putuma poetry collection "Collective Amnesia" now in Spanish. |url=https://www.writingafrica.com/koleka-putuma-poetry-collection-collective-amnesia-now-in-spanish/ |access-date=2024-05-11 |website=Writing Africa |language=en-GB}}</ref> and a Danish translation was published in 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma |url=https://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/apbf-authors/koleka-putuma/ |access-date=22 March 2024 |publisher=African Poetry Book Fuund |archive-date=22 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240322084843/https://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/apbf-authors/koleka-putuma/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> As of 2018, Putuma is the best-selling poet in South African history.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=d'Abdon |first=Raphael |date=2018-07-03 |title='You Say "Performance Poet", I Hear "Dance Nigger, Dance"': Problematizing the Notion of Performance Poetry in South Africa |journal=English Studies in Africa |volume=61 |issue=2 |pages=49–62 |doi=10.1080/00138398.2018.1540154 |issn=0013-8398 |s2cid=165926816}}</ref> Amnesia ta rukuni sananne ne saboda maimaita amfani da kalmar womxn, wanda aka nufa ya haɗa da [[Sauran rubutun mata|mata]] marasa fari da masu canza launin fata.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mathunjwa |first=Zimkhitha |date=12 June 2017 |title=Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia Insists On Visibility And Healing |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia-insists-on-visibility-and-hea_uk_5c7eab54e4b078abc6c2607e |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=consent.yahoo.com}}</ref> === Karɓar baƙi === Binciken Amnesia na Ƙungiya, Bongani Madondo na Johannesburg Review of Books ya yaba da Putuma a matsayin "masu basira".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-01 |title=Portrait of the poet as a young genius: Bongani Madondo reviews Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia |url=https://johannesburgreviewofbooks.com/2017/05/01/portrait-of-the-poet-as-a-young-genius-bongani-madondo-reviews-koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Johannesburg Review of Books |language=en-US}}</ref> Amnesia na rukuni ya zama babban rubutu don fahimtar Afirka ta Kudu ta bayan mulkin mallaka, musamman tare da mayar da hankali ga jikin mata baƙar fata da kuma asalin jinsi. Haith ya yi jayayya cewa tarin ya zama "abu ne na al'adu" na Afirka ta Kudu ta zamani, kamar yadda rubutu ne.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Haith |first=Chelsea |date=2018-08-02 |title='I question why I understand what she has said' – Language and decolonial justice in Koleka Putuma's debut poetry collection 'Collective Amnesia' |url=http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10053690/ |journal=MoveableType |volume=10 |pages=45 |doi=10.14324/111.1755-4527.081 |issn=1755-4527 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Shawarwarin Burger ya sanya amfani da ruwa na Putuma a matsayin na'urar wallafe-wallafen a cikin mahallin sauran mawaƙa na Afirka ta Kudu, kamar Ronelda S Kamfer .<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Burger |first=Bibi |date=2019-12-18 |title='Our respect for water is what you have termed fear': The Ocean in the Poetry of Ronelda S. Kamfer and Koleka Putuma |journal=Journal of Southern African Studies |volume=46 |pages=23–38 |doi=10.1080/03057070.2020.1697552 |issn=0305-7070 |s2cid=213424553 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Waƙar "Ruwa" ta zama mahimmin rubutu don binciken wallafe-wallafen hydrocolonialism.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hofmeyr |first=Isabel |date=2019-04-01 |title=Provisional Notes on Hydrocolonialism |journal=English Language Notes |language=en |volume=57 |issue=1 |pages=11–20 |doi=10.1215/00138282-7309644 |issn=0013-8282 |s2cid=167050340}}</ref> Pieterse ya jaddada rubuce-rubucen Putuma game da mace baƙar fata, tare da mawaki Sindiswa Busuku-Mathese.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Pieterse |first=Annel |date=2018-01-02 |title=Knowledge and Unlearning in the Poetry of Koleka Putuma and Sindiswa Busuku-Mathese |journal=Scrutiny2 |volume=23 |issue=1 |pages=35–46 |doi=10.1080/18125441.2018.1505937 |issn=1812-5441 |s2cid=149735055 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Duk da yake waƙoƙin Putuma ne suka kawo ta zuwa matakin duniya, an kuma karɓi aikinta na mataki zuwa yabo mai mahimmanci, yana hulɗa da batutuwan siyasa na zamani. Wasanta No Easter Sunday for Queers ya jawo hankali ga nuna bambanci da 'yan mata a Afirka ta Kudu za su iya fuskanta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-06 |title=Koleka Putuma's "No Easter Sunday for Queers" |url=https://thetheatretimes.com/koleka-putuma-no-easter-sunday-queers/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Theatre Times |language=en-US}}</ref> ''Mbuzeni'' yana magance matsalar marayu kuma 'yan mata biyar ne ke ba da labari, yayin da suke yin ba'a game da mutuwa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hofer |first=Alison |date=2019-11-20 |title=Contemporary plays by African women |journal=South African Theatre Journal |volume=32 |issue=2 |pages=186–190 |doi=10.1080/10137548.2019.1676571 |issn=1013-7548 |s2cid=213325447}}</ref> Boehmer yayi la'akari da Putuma a cikin wani littafi mai zurfi na waƙoƙin bayan mulkin mallaka da rubuce-rubucen gajeren labari, wanda zai iya jin ga mai karatu kamar "kira don aiki".<ref>{{Cite book|last3=Elleke Boehmer}}</ref> == Ayyuka == === Wasanni === * SCOOP: wasan kicin don masu kulawa da jarirai (2013) - wasan farko na Afirka ta Kudu da aka tsara don jarirai har zuwa watanni 12, tare da Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Magnet <ref name=":1" /> * ''Ekhaya'' - an rubuta shi don yara masu shekaru 2-7 <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2012-01-23 |title=ABOUT |url=https://cocoputuma.wordpress.com/about/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Koleka Putuma |language=en}}</ref> * ''UHM'' (2014) * ''Woza Sarafina'' (2016) * ''Mbuzeni"'' (2018) * No Easter Sunday for Queers (2019) - wasan kwaikwayo game da addini da queerness bisa ga ɗayan waƙoƙin Putuma.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma's Christian/ queer collision – The Mail & Guardian |url=https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2019-08-21-koleka-putumas-christian-queer-collision/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200110005150/https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2019-08-21-koleka-putumas-christian-queer-collision/ |archive-date=10 January 2020 |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-ZA}}</ref> === Waƙoƙi === * ''Imbebwu Yesini'' (2016, edita)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Putuma |first=Koleka |last2=Perez |first2=Javier |date=2016 |title=Imbewu Yesini |url=https://www.africabib.org/rec.php?RID=40895759X |access-date=May 8, 2021}}</ref> * ''Amnesia ta Jama'a''<nowiki/>'a (2017) * ''Muna da Duk abin da muke Bukatar Farawa'' (2024) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-03 |title=We Have Everything We Need To Start Again by Koleka Putuma |url=https://schoolreadinglist.co.uk/childrens-book-reviews/we-have-everything-we-need-to-start-again/ |access-date=2024-09-01 |website=School Reading List}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka == * Gasar Waƙoƙin Slame ta Kasa (2014)<ref name=":0"/> * PEN Kyautar Rubutun Dalibai ta Afirka ta Kudu (2016) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mulgrew |first=Nick |title=Announcing the PEN South Africa Student Writing Prize Winner {{!}} PEN South Africa |url=http://pensouthafrica.co.za/announcing-the-pen-south-africa-student-writing-prize-winner/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-US}}</ref> * Kyautar Mbokodo Rising Light (2017)<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-06-02 |title=Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia Wins the Glenna Luschei Prize for African Poetry, Nick Makoha & Dami Ajayi Shortlisted |url=https://brittlepaper.com/2019/06/koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia-wins-2018-19-glenna-luschei-prize-for-african-poetry-nick-makoha-dami-ajayi-shortlisted/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Brittle Paper}}</ref> * Gasar Rubuce-rubucen SCrIBE (2018)<ref>{{Cite web |last=BWW News Desk |title=Koleka Putuma Announced As Winner Of 2018 SCrIBE Scriptwriting Competition |url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/south-africa/article/Koleka-Putuma-Announced-As-Winner-Of-2018-SCrIBE-Scriptwriting-Competition-20180928 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=BroadwayWorld.com |language=en}}</ref> * Forbes Afirka 30 a karkashin 30 Mai daraja (2018)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Africa |first=Forbes |date=2018-06-04 |title=Under 30 Creatives |url=https://www.forbesafrica.com/30-under-30/2018/06/04/under-30-creatives/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712004930/https://www.forbesafrica.com/30-under-30/2018/06/04/under-30-creatives/ |archive-date=12 July 2018 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Forbes Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> * Kyautar Glenna Luschei don Waƙoƙin Afirka (2018)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Prizes |url=http://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/prizes/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191230044343/http://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/prizes/ |archive-date=30 December 2019 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=African Poetry Book Fund |language=en-US}}</ref> * Gasar Wasanni ta Kasa ta Distell (2019)<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-08-13 |title=OPEN CALL: 2020 Distell National Playwright Competition |url=https://10and5.com/2019/08/13/open-call-2020-distell-national-playwright-competition/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201206023044/https://10and5.com/2019/08/13/open-call-2020-distell-national-playwright-competition/ |archive-date=6 December 2020 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Between 10 and 5 |language=en-ZA}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1993]] rr5771lzu5yvqiyyxzndtfsil9zzbth 826530 826529 2026-04-26T07:43:17Z Pharouqenr 25549 826530 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Koleka Putuma''' (an haife ta a Port Elizabeth, 22 Maris 1993) mawaƙiya ce ta Afirka ta Kudu kuma mai yin wasan kwaikwayo. An zaɓe ta a matsayin daya daga cikin mata masu tasiri a kasar Okay Africa a shekarar 2019. == Tarihin rayuwa == An haifi Putuma a Port Elizabeth, Afirka ta Kudu, a cikin 1993. Ta yi karatu don digiri na BA a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo da wasan kwaikwayo a [[Jami'ar Cape Town]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma {{!}} Badilisha Poetry – Pan-African Poets |url=https://badilishapoetry.com/coco-putuma/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=badilishapoetry.com}}</ref> A shekara ta 2016, an ba ta lambar yabo ta rubuce-rubucen ɗaliban PEN don waka mai suna "Ruwa".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mulgrew |first=Nick |title=Water by Koleka Putuma {{!}} PEN South Africa |url=https://pensouthafrica.co.za/water-by-koleka-putuma/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-US}}</ref> Ana amfani da wannan waka a makarantu a matsayin tunatarwa cewa samun ruwa siyasa ne, tarihi da launin fata.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma: Water - Classroom - Art & Education |url=https://www.artandeducation.net/classroom/video/288707/koleka-putuma-water |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.artandeducation.net |language=en |archive-date=2020-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200111113912/https://www.artandeducation.net/classroom/video/288707/koleka-putuma-water |url-status=dead }}</ref> Jigogi masu maimaitawa a cikin aikin Putuma sune soyayya, queerness, gwagwarmayar mulkin mallaka da gadon wariyar launin fata, <ref>{{Cite web |title=PARSE |url=https://parsejournal.com/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=parsejournal.com |language=en-US}}</ref> da kuma haɗuwa da shugabanci tare da waɗannan ra'ayoyin da ainihi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 February 2017 |title=Koleka Putuma Talks Poetry Post-Patriarchy and Black Joy |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/koleka-putuma-talks-poetry-post-patriarchy-and-black-joy_uk_5c7e9763e4b078abc6c12232?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAAvrOm9Zp9hL5YJr49l1ilehUZhghF1AipxgX9A7YRVE5RqGLR8_KZg4nPuo-59iNR7jnpwDMF84L7wlQl7XpCLqg9trAVRyj_Kj44WOH5OUhXrZaN6243NqhQxpv14pRa5cpwJr9sjrgd6wcO2GXNdc587E07d0f-b3wwB0f1Uz |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=consent.yahoo.com}}</ref> Tana aiki a matsayin mai gabatar da gidan wasan kwaikwayo don Design Indaba kuma tana zaune a Cape Town.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Design Indaba appoints Koleka Putuma as theatre producer |url=https://www.bizcommunity.com/Article/196/415/185637.html |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.bizcommunity.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Poetry On The Road {{!}} May 22 – 27 2019 Koleka Putuma |url=http://www.poetry-on-the-road.com/authors/koleka-putuma/?lang=en |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421054015/http://www.poetry-on-the-road.com/authors/koleka-putuma/?lang=en |archive-date=21 April 2021 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=www.poetry-on-the-road.com}}</ref> === ''Amnesia ta Jama'a'' === Putuma first came to global attention with the publication of her poetry collection ''Collective Amnesia'', published by the South African poetry press uHlanga in 2017.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma, Collective Amnesia |url=http://uhlangapress.co.za/koleka-putuma-collective-amnesia |access-date=2021-08-09 |website=uHlanga |language=en-US}}</ref> It was released with complementary photography by Cape Town-based photographer Andy Mkosi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma's poems of celebration, grief and rage |url=https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2017-04-04-koleka-putumas-poems-of-celebration-grief-and-rage/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}{{Dead link|date=May 2023}}</ref> Within three months of its release, the book sold 2000 copies, had 17 launches across South Africa and was on the syllabus at two universities.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mkhabela |first=Sabelo |date=2017-07-22 |title=Koleka Putuma Is the Groundbreaking New Voice of South African Poetry |url=https://medium.com/@SabzaMK/koleka-putuma-is-the-groundbreaking-new-voice-of-south-african-poetry-d9cbed7feeed |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Medium |language=en}}</ref> After eight months, it had sold more than 5000 copies and Putuma had given performances of it across three continents.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gantsho |first=Vangile |date=2017-12-01 |title=Collective Amnesia, Koleka Putuma: reviews |url=https://journals.co.za/content/journal/10520/EJC-f65066330 |journal=New Coin Poetry |language=en |volume=53 |issue=2 |pages=77–80 |issn=0028-4459}}</ref> Its Spanish translation by Lawrence Schimel and Arrate Hidalgo was published in 2019,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Murua |first=James |author-link=James Murua |date=2018-11-19 |title=Koleka Putuma poetry collection "Collective Amnesia" now in Spanish. |url=https://www.writingafrica.com/koleka-putuma-poetry-collection-collective-amnesia-now-in-spanish/ |access-date=2024-05-11 |website=Writing Africa |language=en-GB}}</ref> and a Danish translation was published in 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma |url=https://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/apbf-authors/koleka-putuma/ |access-date=22 March 2024 |publisher=African Poetry Book Fuund |archive-date=22 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240322084843/https://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/apbf-authors/koleka-putuma/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> As of 2018, Putuma is the best-selling poet in South African history.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=d'Abdon |first=Raphael |date=2018-07-03 |title='You Say "Performance Poet", I Hear "Dance Nigger, Dance"': Problematizing the Notion of Performance Poetry in South Africa |journal=English Studies in Africa |volume=61 |issue=2 |pages=49–62 |doi=10.1080/00138398.2018.1540154 |issn=0013-8398 |s2cid=165926816}}</ref> Amnesia ta rukuni sananne ne saboda maimaita amfani da kalmar womxn, wanda aka nufa ya haɗa da [[Sauran rubutun mata|mata]] marasa fari da masu canza launin fata.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mathunjwa |first=Zimkhitha |date=12 June 2017 |title=Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia Insists On Visibility And Healing |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia-insists-on-visibility-and-hea_uk_5c7eab54e4b078abc6c2607e |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=consent.yahoo.com}}</ref> === Karɓar baƙi === Binciken Amnesia na Ƙungiya, Bongani Madondo na Johannesburg Review of Books ya yaba da Putuma a matsayin "masu basira".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-01 |title=Portrait of the poet as a young genius: Bongani Madondo reviews Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia |url=https://johannesburgreviewofbooks.com/2017/05/01/portrait-of-the-poet-as-a-young-genius-bongani-madondo-reviews-koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Johannesburg Review of Books |language=en-US}}</ref> Amnesia na rukuni ya zama babban rubutu don fahimtar Afirka ta Kudu ta bayan mulkin mallaka, musamman tare da mayar da hankali ga jikin mata baƙar fata da kuma asalin jinsi. Haith ya yi jayayya cewa tarin ya zama "abu ne na al'adu" na Afirka ta Kudu ta zamani, kamar yadda rubutu ne.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Haith |first=Chelsea |date=2018-08-02 |title='I question why I understand what she has said' – Language and decolonial justice in Koleka Putuma's debut poetry collection 'Collective Amnesia' |url=http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10053690/ |journal=MoveableType |volume=10 |pages=45 |doi=10.14324/111.1755-4527.081 |issn=1755-4527 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Shawarwarin Burger ya sanya amfani da ruwa na Putuma a matsayin na'urar wallafe-wallafen a cikin mahallin sauran mawaƙa na Afirka ta Kudu, kamar Ronelda S Kamfer .<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Burger |first=Bibi |date=2019-12-18 |title='Our respect for water is what you have termed fear': The Ocean in the Poetry of Ronelda S. Kamfer and Koleka Putuma |journal=Journal of Southern African Studies |volume=46 |pages=23–38 |doi=10.1080/03057070.2020.1697552 |issn=0305-7070 |s2cid=213424553 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Waƙar "Ruwa" ta zama mahimmin rubutu don binciken wallafe-wallafen hydrocolonialism.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hofmeyr |first=Isabel |date=2019-04-01 |title=Provisional Notes on Hydrocolonialism |journal=English Language Notes |language=en |volume=57 |issue=1 |pages=11–20 |doi=10.1215/00138282-7309644 |issn=0013-8282 |s2cid=167050340}}</ref> Pieterse ya jaddada rubuce-rubucen Putuma game da mace baƙar fata, tare da mawaki Sindiswa Busuku-Mathese.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Pieterse |first=Annel |date=2018-01-02 |title=Knowledge and Unlearning in the Poetry of Koleka Putuma and Sindiswa Busuku-Mathese |journal=Scrutiny2 |volume=23 |issue=1 |pages=35–46 |doi=10.1080/18125441.2018.1505937 |issn=1812-5441 |s2cid=149735055 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Duk da yake waƙoƙin Putuma ne suka kawo ta zuwa matakin duniya, an kuma karɓi aikinta na mataki zuwa yabo mai mahimmanci, yana hulɗa da batutuwan siyasa na zamani. Wasanta No Easter Sunday for Queers ya jawo hankali ga nuna bambanci da 'yan mata a Afirka ta Kudu za su iya fuskanta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-06 |title=Koleka Putuma's "No Easter Sunday for Queers" |url=https://thetheatretimes.com/koleka-putuma-no-easter-sunday-queers/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=The Theatre Times |language=en-US}}</ref> ''Mbuzeni'' yana magance matsalar marayu kuma 'yan mata biyar ne ke ba da labari, yayin da suke yin ba'a game da mutuwa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hofer |first=Alison |date=2019-11-20 |title=Contemporary plays by African women |journal=South African Theatre Journal |volume=32 |issue=2 |pages=186–190 |doi=10.1080/10137548.2019.1676571 |issn=1013-7548 |s2cid=213325447}}</ref> Boehmer yayi la'akari da Putuma a cikin wani littafi mai zurfi na waƙoƙin bayan mulkin mallaka da rubuce-rubucen gajeren labari, wanda zai iya jin ga mai karatu kamar "kira don aiki".<ref>{{Cite book|last3=Elleke Boehmer}}</ref> == Ayyuka == === Wasanni === * SCOOP: wasan kicin don masu kulawa da jarirai (2013) - wasan farko na Afirka ta Kudu da aka tsara don jarirai har zuwa watanni 12, tare da Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Magnet <ref name=":1" /> * ''Ekhaya'' - an rubuta shi don yara masu shekaru 2-7 <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2012-01-23 |title=ABOUT |url=https://cocoputuma.wordpress.com/about/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Koleka Putuma |language=en}}</ref> * ''UHM'' (2014) * ''Woza Sarafina'' (2016) * ''Mbuzeni"'' (2018) * No Easter Sunday for Queers (2019) - wasan kwaikwayo game da addini da queerness bisa ga ɗayan waƙoƙin Putuma.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Koleka Putuma's Christian/ queer collision – The Mail & Guardian |url=https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2019-08-21-koleka-putumas-christian-queer-collision/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200110005150/https://beta.mg.co.za/article/2019-08-21-koleka-putumas-christian-queer-collision/ |archive-date=10 January 2020 |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-ZA}}</ref> === Waƙoƙi === * ''Imbebwu Yesini'' (2016, edita)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Putuma |first=Koleka |last2=Perez |first2=Javier |date=2016 |title=Imbewu Yesini |url=https://www.africabib.org/rec.php?RID=40895759X |access-date=May 8, 2021}}</ref> * ''Amnesia ta Jama'a''<nowiki/>'a (2017) * ''Muna da Duk abin da muke Bukatar Farawa'' (2024) <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-03 |title=We Have Everything We Need To Start Again by Koleka Putuma |url=https://schoolreadinglist.co.uk/childrens-book-reviews/we-have-everything-we-need-to-start-again/ |access-date=2024-09-01 |website=School Reading List}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka == * Gasar Waƙoƙin Slame ta Kasa (2014)<ref name=":0"/> * PEN Kyautar Rubutun Dalibai ta Afirka ta Kudu (2016) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mulgrew |first=Nick |title=Announcing the PEN South Africa Student Writing Prize Winner {{!}} PEN South Africa |url=http://pensouthafrica.co.za/announcing-the-pen-south-africa-student-writing-prize-winner/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |language=en-US}}</ref> * Kyautar Mbokodo Rising Light (2017)<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-06-02 |title=Koleka Putuma's Collective Amnesia Wins the Glenna Luschei Prize for African Poetry, Nick Makoha & Dami Ajayi Shortlisted |url=https://brittlepaper.com/2019/06/koleka-putumas-collective-amnesia-wins-2018-19-glenna-luschei-prize-for-african-poetry-nick-makoha-dami-ajayi-shortlisted/ |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Brittle Paper}}</ref> * Gasar Rubuce-rubucen SCrIBE (2018)<ref>{{Cite web |last=BWW News Desk |title=Koleka Putuma Announced As Winner Of 2018 SCrIBE Scriptwriting Competition |url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/south-africa/article/Koleka-Putuma-Announced-As-Winner-Of-2018-SCrIBE-Scriptwriting-Competition-20180928 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=BroadwayWorld.com |language=en}}</ref> * Forbes Afirka 30 a karkashin 30 Mai daraja (2018)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Africa |first=Forbes |date=2018-06-04 |title=Under 30 Creatives |url=https://www.forbesafrica.com/30-under-30/2018/06/04/under-30-creatives/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712004930/https://www.forbesafrica.com/30-under-30/2018/06/04/under-30-creatives/ |archive-date=12 July 2018 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Forbes Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> * Kyautar Glenna Luschei don Waƙoƙin Afirka (2018)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Prizes |url=http://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/prizes/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191230044343/http://africanpoetrybf.unl.edu/prizes/ |archive-date=30 December 2019 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=African Poetry Book Fund |language=en-US}}</ref> * Gasar Wasanni ta Kasa ta Distell (2019)<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-08-13 |title=OPEN CALL: 2020 Distell National Playwright Competition |url=https://10and5.com/2019/08/13/open-call-2020-distell-national-playwright-competition/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201206023044/https://10and5.com/2019/08/13/open-call-2020-distell-national-playwright-competition/ |archive-date=6 December 2020 |access-date=2020-01-11 |website=Between 10 and 5 |language=en-ZA}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1993]] imqa1qk37zb8ey374orfozb4h9c0ijo 0 100171 826237 618787 2026-04-25T12:43:35Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826237 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Claver Gatete (an haife shi a ranar 23 ga Mayu 1962) ɗan siyasan Rwanda ne kuma jami'in diflomasiyya wanda ke aiki a matsayin Babban Sakatare na Hukumar Tattalin Arziƙi ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na Afirka tun 2023.<ref>"Secretary-General Appoints Claver Gatete of Rwanda Executive Secretary, United Nations Economic Commission for Africa -UN Press"</ref> Daga 2022 zuwa 2023, Gatete ta kasance wakiliyar Rwanda ta dindindin a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya.<ref>"New Permanent Representative of Rwanda Presents Credentials"</ref> Ya taba rike mukamin ministan samar da ababen more rayuwa a majalisar ministocin kasar Rwanda. Kafin nadin majalisar ministocinsa a watan Afrilun 2018, ya kasance ministan kudi da tsare-tsare na tattalin arziki daga 2013 zuwa 2018.<ref>http://www.effective-states.org/wp-content/uploads/working_papers/final-pdfs/esid_wp_120_chemouni_POE.pdf</ref> ] A baya ya taba zama gwamnan babban bankin kasar Rwanda da kuma jakadan Rwanda a Burtaniya, Ireland, da Iceland.<ref>Minecofin (2013). "Rwanda Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning: The Minister - Claver Gatete". Kigali: Rwanda Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning (Minecofin). Retrieved 7 October 2017.</ref> ==Rayuwar farko da ilimi== An haifi Claver Gatete a Mbarara, Uganda, a ranar 23 ga Mayu 1962, inda ya girma kuma ya yi ilimi. Ya karanci Tattalin Arzikin Noma a Jami'ar British Columbia, Vancouver, kuma an ba shi lambar yabo ta Kimiyya a cikin 1991. Jagoran Kimiyyar Kimiyya, kuma a fannin Tattalin Arziki, an ba shi a cikin 1993, ta jami'a guda.[<ref>Minecofin (2013). "Rwanda Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning: The Minister - Claver Gatete". Kigali: Rwanda Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning (Minecofin). Retrieved 7 October 2017.</ref> matattu mahada] ==Aiki== Bayan kammala karatun jami'a, Gatete ya yi aiki a Kanada a matsayin masanin tattalin arziki tsakanin 1991 da 1997, sannan ya yi aiki a matsayin masanin tattalin arziki na kasa tare da Shirin Raya Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a Rwanda har zuwa 2000.<ref>Minecofin (2013). "Rwanda Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning: The Minister - Claver Gatete". Kigali: Rwanda Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning (Minecofin). Retrieved 7 October 2017.</ref> A watan Oktoba 2001, Gatete ya fara aiki a ofishin shugaban kasa a matsayin wakilin shugaban kasa a kwamitin gudanarwa na NEPAD. A lokaci guda ya yi aiki a matsayin Kodinetan na National African Peer Review Mechanism (APRM) kuma a matsayin memba na NEPAD's African Partnership Forum (APF), har zuwa Nuwamba 2003.<ref>WB (7 October 2017). "Claver Gatete: Minister of Finance and Economic Planning, Government of Rwanda". Washington, DC: World Bank (WB). Retrieved 7 October 2017.</ref> Na tsawon shekaru biyu daga Nuwamban 2003 zuwa Nuwamban 2005, ya yi aiki a matsayin sakatare na Baitulmali, a Ma'aikatar Kudi da Tsara Tattalin Arziki. Daga Nuwamban 2005 zuwa Disemban 2009, Gatete ya kasance wakilin Afirka ta Kudu a UK, Ireland da Iceland, kafin ya fara aiki a Bankin Kasar Ruwanda a matsayin mataiimakin Gwamna. Daga nan sai yayi aiki a matsayin gwamnan Bankin Kasar Ruwanda daga watan Mayun 2011,<ref>{{cite web |author=MOD |date=2011 |title=Cabinet Reshuffle |url=https://mod.gov.rw/news-detail/?tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=522&cHash=a989f6c567103caeae2646617e8ff159#.WdkZI2hSzIU |access-date=7 October 2017 |publisher=[[Ministry of Defence (Rwanda)|Rwanda Ministry of Defence]] (MOD) |location=Kigali |archive-date=8 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171008030802/https://mod.gov.rw/news-detail/?tx_ttnews&#91;tt_news&#93;=522&cHash=a989f6c567103caeae2646617e8ff159#.WdkZI2hSzIU |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=11 October 2016 |title=BNR: Governor |url=http://www.bnr.rw/index.php?id=80 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161011042317/http://www.bnr.rw/index.php?id=80 |archive-date=11 October 2016}}</ref> kafin a nada shi matsayin Ministan Kudi. An nada shi Ministan Walwala a watan Afurelun 2018, ya maye gurbin [[James Musoni]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://en.igihe.com/news/musoni-fired.html|title=Musoni fired|website=en.igihe.com|language=en|access-date=2018-04-07|archive-date=2018-04-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180407183211/http://en.igihe.com/news/musoni-fired.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Uzziel Ndagijimana ne ya maye gurbinsa a matsayin. Ministan Kudi.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Rwanda's president names new finance minister in reshuffle |url=https://mobile-reuters-com.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/mobile.reuters.com/article/amp/idUSKBN1HE08H?amp_js_v=a2&amp_gsa=1&usqp=mq331AQCCAE=#referrer=https://www.google.com&amp_tf=From%20%251$s&ampshare=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-rwanda-economy/rwandas-president-names-new-finance-minister-in-reshuffle-idUSKBN1HE08H |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226140609/https://mobile-reuters-com.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/mobile.reuters.com/article/amp/idUSKBN1HE08H?amp_js_v=a2&amp_gsa=1&usqp=mq331AQCCAE=#referrer=https://www.google.com&amp_tf=From%20%251$s&ampshare=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-rwanda-economy/rwandas-president-names-new-finance-minister-in-reshuffle-idUSKBN1HE08H |archive-date=2022-02-26 |access-date=2018-07-23 |work=Reuters}}</ref> A ranar 6 Oktoban 2023, Babban Sakataren Majalisan Dinkin Duniya António Guterres ya nada Gatete a matsayin Babban Sakataren Kwamitin Tattalin Arziki na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a Afurka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Secretary-General Appoints Claver Gatete of Rwanda Executive Secretary, United Nations Economic Commission for Africa {{!}} UN Press |url=https://press.un.org/en/2023/sga2232.doc.htm |access-date=2023-10-06 |website=press.un.org}}</ref> Daga 2013-2018 ya kasance Memba na Majalisar Gwamnoni na Bankin Cigaban Afirka.<ref>[https://www.afdb.org/fileadmin/uploads/afdb/Documents/Generic-Documents/AfDB_Annual_Report_2016_EN.pdf AfDB Annual Report 2016] [[African Development Bank]] (AfDB).</ref> ==Fitowa a fim== Film din Motherland (2010) ==manazarta== 2hdpq6ewj1drsmerq2scjjfi9ye785x 0 107128 826286 682312 2026-04-25T17:23:55Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826286 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Damuwa da Muhalli''' (gajere don damuwa ta muhallar), wanda aka fi sani da damuwa ta mujallar ko damuwa ta yanayi, ƙalubale ne ga [[Canjin yanayi]] da sauran batutuwan [[Muhalli mai zurfi|muhalli.]]<ref name=":7">{{Cite web |last=Sustaining All Life |date=2020-02-20 |title=Healing Our Climate Grief |url=https://commonslibrary.org/healing-our-climate-grief/ |access-date=2024-04-19 |website=The Commons Social Change Library |language=en-AU}}</ref> An yi bincike mai zurfi game da damuwa game da muhalli tun 2007, kuma ana amfani da ma'anoni daban-daban.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Douglas Vakoch}}</ref> Yanayin ba ganewar asali ba ne kuma ana ɗaukarsa azaman amsa mai ma'ana ga gaskiyar canjin yanayi; duk da haka, lokuta masu tsanani na iya samun Tasirin lafiyar kwakwalwa idan an bar su ba tare da sauƙaƙe ba.<ref name="rcpsych2020">{{Cite web |last=Dr Catriona Mellor |date=2020 |title=Eco distress: for parents and carers |url=https://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/mental-health/parents-and-young-people/information-for-parents-and-carers/eco-distress---for-parents-and-carers |access-date=25 February 2021 |website=[[Royal College of Psychiatrists]]}}</ref> Har ila yau, akwai shaidar cewa damuwa game da muhalli ta samo asali ne daga hanyar da masu bincike suka tsara binciken su da labarun su game da shaidar game da canjin yanayi: idan ba su yi la'akari da yiwuwar samun wani mafita don shawo kan canjin yanayi da kuma mutane su yi canji ba, suna ba da gudummawa ga wannan jin rashin iko.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Chiolero |first=Arnaud |date=28 January 2023 |title=Academic Framing as a Cause of Eco-Anxiety |journal=Epidemiologia |language=en |volume=4 |issue=1 |pages=60–62 |doi=10.3390/epidemiologia4010006 |issn=2673-3986 |pmc=9944577 |pmid=36810453 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Damuwa da muhalli wani mummunan motsin rai ne, kodayake yana iya motsa halayyar da ta dace kamar tattara bayanai masu dacewa.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Douglas Vakoch}}</ref> Duk da haka yana iya bayyana a matsayin Guje wa rikici, ko ma ya zama "mai shanyayyewa".<ref name="Heeren et al.,2022">{{Cite journal |last=Heeren |first=A. |last2=Mouguiama-Daouda |first2=C. |last3=Contreras |first3=A. |year=2022 |title=On climate anxiety and the threat it may pose to daily life functioning and adaptation: a study among European and African French-speaking participants |journal=Climatic Change |volume=173 |issue=1–2 |page=15 |bibcode=2022ClCh..173...15H |doi=10.1007/s10584-022-03402-2 |pmc=9326410 |pmid=35912274}}</ref> Wasu mutane sun ba da rahoton fuskantar damuwa da tsoro game da makomar tare da canjin yanayi cewa sun zaɓi kada su haifi yara.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Schneider-Mayerson |first=Matthew |last2=Leong |first2=Kit Ling |date=1 November 2020 |title=Eco-reproductive concerns in the age of climate change |journal=Climatic Change |language=en |volume=163 |issue=2 |pages=1007–1023 |bibcode=2020ClCh..163.1007S |doi=10.1007/s10584-020-02923-y |issn=1573-1480 |s2cid=226983864}}</ref> Damuwa ta muhalli ta sami karin kulawa bayan 2017, kuma musamman tun daga ƙarshen 2018 tare da [[Greta Thunberg]] a fili tana tattauna damuwarta ta muhallar. <ref name="Panu2020">{{Cite journal |last=Pihkala Panu |year=2020 |title=Anxiety and the Ecological Crisis: An Analysis of Eco-Anxiety and Climate Anxiety |journal=[[Sustainability (journal)|Sustainability]] |volume=12 |issue=19 |page=7836 |bibcode=2020Sust...12.7836P |doi=10.3390/su12197836 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}</ref> A cikin 2018, Ƙungiyar Ilimin Halitta ta Amirka (APA) ta ba da rahoto game da tasirin canjin yanayi akan lafiyar kwakwalwa. Ya ce "canje-canje na dogon lokaci a cikin yanayi na iya fitowa da motsin rai daban-daban, gami da tsoro, fushi, rashin ƙarfi, ko gajiya". Gabaɗaya wannan yana iya samun babban tasiri ga matasa. An kwatanta damuwa game da muhalli wanda yanzu ke shafar matasa da tsoron [[Cold War|Yaƙin Cold]] na hallaka nukiliya da jarirai suka ji. Bincike ya gano cewa kodayake akwai abubuwan da suka faru na motsin rai da ke da alaƙa da amincewa da tsammanin canjin yanayi da tasirinsa a kan al'umma, waɗannan suna da alaƙa.<ref name="Heeren et al.,2022"/> Bugu da ƙari, shiga cikin waɗannan abubuwan da suka faru na motsin rai yana haifar da karuwar juriya, wakilai, aiki mai tunani da aiki tare. Ana ƙarfafa mutane su sami hanyoyin hadin gwiwa na sarrafa abubuwan da suka shafi yanayi don tallafawa lafiyar hankali da jin daɗi.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kieft |first=J. |last2=Bendell |first2=J |year=2021 |title=The responsibility of communicating difficult truths about climate influenced societal disruption and collapse: an introduction to psychological research |url=https://insight.cumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/5950 |url-status=live |journal=Institute for Leadership and Sustainability (IFLAS) Occasional Papers |volume=7 |pages=1–39 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210310074519/https://insight.cumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/5950/ |archive-date=10 March 2021 |access-date=3 April 2021}}</ref> == Ma'anar == An bayyana damuwa game da muhalli a hanyoyi daban-daban; fasalin da aka saba da shi na ma'anoni daban-daban shine cewa suna bayyana kalubalantar martani na motsin rai ga canjin yanayi da sauran batutuwan muhalli.<ref name="understanding2021">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Coffey Y, Bhullar N, Durkin J, Islam MS, Usher K |date=2021-08-01 |title=Understanding Eco-anxiety: A Systematic Scoping Review of Current Literature and Identified Knowledge Gaps |journal=[[The Journal of Climate Change and Health]] |language=en |volume=3 |page=100047 |bibcode=2021JCCH....300047C |doi=10.1016/j.joclim.2021.100047 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name=":7"/> The term eco-anxiety is said to have been coined by Glenn Albrecht who defined it as "a chronic [[Tsoro|fear]] of environmental doom".<ref name="understanding2021"/><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Inauen |first=Jennifer |last2=Contzen |first2=Nadja |last3=Frick |first3=Vivan |last4=Kadel |first4=Philipp |last5=Keller |first5=Jan |last6=Kollmann |first6=Josianne |last7=Mata |first7=Jutta |last8=van Valkengoed |first8=Anne M. |date=2021 |title=Environmental Issues Are Health Issues |journal=[[European Psychologist]] |volume=26 |issue=3 |pages=219–229 |doi=10.1027/1016-9040/a000438 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Another widely cited definition is: "the generalized sense that the ecological foundations of existence are in the process of collapse."<ref name="Panu2020"/> Some scholars use the term eco-anxiety as a synonym for climate-anxiety, while others like to treat the terms separately.<ref name="Panu2020" /> The APA has defined eco-anxiety as"the chronic fear of environmental cataclysm that comes from observing the seemingly irrevocable impact of climate change and the associated concern for one's future and that of next generations".<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Eco-ansiedade: as sequelas psicológicas da crise climática |url=https://www.iberdrola.com/social-commitment/what-is-ecoanxiety |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=Iberdrola |language=en-US}}</ref> == Yaduwar == [[Fayil:202303_I_worry_"a_great_deal"_about_climate_change_-_Gallup_survey.svg|thumb|300x300px|Matsayi na damuwa game da tasirin canjin yanayi ya bambanta da alaƙa da siyasa.<ref name="Gallup_20230420">{{Cite web |last=Saad |first=Lydia |date=20 April 2023 |title=A Steady Six in 10 Say Global Warming's Effects Have Begun |url=https://news.gallup.com/poll/474542/steady-six-say-global-warming-effects-begun.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230420123700/https://news.gallup.com/poll/474542/steady-six-say-global-warming-effects-begun.aspx |archive-date=20 April 2023 |publisher=Gallup, Inc.}}</ref>]] [[Fayil:20231129_Survey_-_I_expect_to_be_displaced_by_climate_change_-_Ipsos.svg|thumb|A cikin 2023, kusan shida cikin goma masu amsa sun ba da rahoton cewa mummunar tasirin canjin yanayi ya riga ya faru inda suke zaune, tare da 38% suna sa ran za a kore su daga gidajensu a cikin shekaru 25 masu zuwa saboda canjin yanayi.<ref name="IpsosDisplacement_202311">{{Cite web |date=November 2023 |title=Global Views on Climate Change |url=https://www.ipsos.com/sites/default/files/ct/news/documents/2023-11/Ipsos-Global-Advisor-Views-on-Climate-Change-COP28-Report.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231128054201/https://www.ipsos.com/sites/default/files/ct/news/documents/2023-11/Ipsos-Global-Advisor-Views-on-Climate-Change-COP28-Report.pdf |archive-date=28 November 2023 |publisher=Ipsos |page=6}}</ref>]] A cikin 2018, binciken da aka gudanar a Amurka ya gano cewa tsakanin 21% da 29% na Amurkawa sun ce suna "damuwa sosai" game da yanayin, wanda ya ninka sau biyu fiye da irin wannan binciken a cikin 2015. Binciken Yale na 2023 ya sami irin wannan sakamako, cewa canjin yanayi yana da wahala.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Yale Experts Explain Climate Anxiety {{!}} Yale Sustainability |url=https://sustainability.yale.edu/explainers/yale-experts-explain-climate-anxiety |access-date=2024-01-16 |website=sustainability.yale.edu}}</ref> Wannan ra'ayi na yanayi ko damuwa da baƙin ciki na muhalli yana da yawa saboda wayar da kan jama'a game da canjin yanayi wanda aka sa ya yiwu ta hanyar fasaha da sadarwa ta duniya.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Clayton |first=Susan |date=1 August 2020 |title=Climate anxiety: Psychological responses to climate change |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0887618520300773 |journal=[[Journal of Anxiety Disorders]] |language=en |volume=74 |page=102263 |doi=10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102263 |issn=0887-6185 |pmid=32623280 |s2cid=220370112 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Canjin yanayi barazanar da ke gudana a duniya wacce ke da alaƙa da rashin tabbas da rashin fahimta. Saboda wannan dalili, damuwa da baƙin ciki a cikin mutane amsa ce ta halitta da ta dace ga waɗanda ke jin tsoro ko rashin iko. Misali, waɗannan jiye-jiye na iya tasowa a cikin mutanen da aka tilasta su bar gidajensu, magance rashin tabbas game da yanayin da za su kasance a nan gaba, ko jin damuwa game da cutar da 'ya'yansu ke fuskanta a nan gaba. Za'a iya raba baƙin ciki na yanayi zuwa kashi uku: asarar muhalli ta jiki, asarar ilimin muhalli, da asarar da ake tsammani a nan gaba.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Clayton |first=Susan |date=1 August 2020 |title=Climate anxiety: Psychological responses to climate change |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0887618520300773 |journal=[[Journal of Anxiety Disorders]] |language=en |volume=74 |page=102263 |doi=10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102263 |issn=0887-6185 |pmid=32623280 |s2cid=220370112 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> === Yara da matasa === Yanayin ya zama ruwan dare a tsakanin yara da matasa - a cikin 2021, a wasu jami'o'i, sama da kashi 70% na dalibai sun bayyana kansu a matsayin masu fama da damuwa. Koyaya, tun daga farkon 2021, hanyoyin da aka tabbatar don tantance yaduwar yanayi ko damuwa game da muhalli ba a kafa su sosai ba.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Alan E Stewart |year=2021 |title=Psychometric Properties of the Climate Change Worry Scale |journal=[[International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health]] |volume=18 |issue=2 |page=494 |doi=10.3390/ijerph18020494 |pmc=7826965 |pmid=33435348 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Judy Wu |last2=Gaelen Snell |last3=Hasina Samji |year=2020 |title=Climate anxiety in young people: a call to action |journal=[[The Lancet]] |volume=4 |issue=10 |pages=e435–e436 |doi=10.1016/S2542-5196(20)30223-0 |pmid=32918865 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="clayton2020">{{Cite journal |last=Susan Clayton |year=2020 |title=Climate anxiety: Psychological responses to climate change |journal=Journal of Anxiety Disorders |volume=74 |page=102263 |doi=10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102263 |pmid=32623280 |s2cid=220370112}}</ref> Wani binciken Satumba 2021 ya tambayi matasa 10,000 daga kasashe 10 a duk faɗin duniya, inda ya gano cewa kusan kashi 60% sun damu sosai ko kuma sun damu sosai game da canjin yanayi. Kashi biyu cikin uku sun ce sun ji bakin ciki, tsoro da damuwa, yayin da kusan kashi 40% suka ruwaito cewa suna jinkirin samun yara.<ref>https://www.bbc.com/hausa/topics/c1gdq2v5g4yt</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hickman |first=Caroline |last2=Marks |first2=Elizabeth |last3=Pihkala |first3=Panu |last4=Clayton |first4=Susan |last5=Lewandowski |first5=Eric |last6=Mayall |first6=Elouise |last7=Wray |first7=Britt |last8=Mellor |first8=Catriona |last9=van Susteren |first9=Lise |date=2021-12-31 |title=Climate anxiety in children and young people and their beliefs about government responses to climate change: a global survey |url=http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85120667293&partnerID=8YFLogxK |journal=Lancet Planetary Health |volume=5 |issue=12 |pages=e863–e873 |doi=10.1016/S2542-5196(21)00278-3 |issn=2542-5196 |pmid=34895496 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Mutanen da ke kewaye da yara da matasa, kamar iyaye, masu kula, malamai, da masu ba da shawara, na iya yin tasiri ga yadda suke kallon canjin yanayi. Akwai bincike da ake yi game da yadda ya kamata wadannan kungiyoyin mutane suyi magana da yara da matasa don hana damuwa game da muhalli a cikin waɗannan al'ummomi, yayin da har yanzu suna ƙarfafa ayyukan rage sauyin yanayi.<ref name=":6">{{Cite journal |last=Léger-Goodes |first=Terra |last2=Malboeuf-Hurtubise |first2=Catherine |last3=Mastine |first3=Trinity |last4=Généreux |first4=Mélissa |last5=Paradis |first5=Pier-Olivier |last6=Camden |first6=Chantal |date=2022 |title=Eco-anxiety in children: A scoping review of the mental health impacts of the awareness of climate change |journal=[[Frontiers in Psychology]] |volume=13 |page=872544 |doi=10.3389/fpsyg.2022.872544 |issn=1664-1078 |pmc=9359205 |pmid=35959069 |doi-access=free}}</ref> === Mata === Wani rahoto na Oktoba 2021 wanda ya danganci zabe a Burtaniya ya gano cewa kashi 78% na mutanen da aka bincika sun nuna wani mataki na damuwa game da muhalli. Ya gano cewa mata (45%) sun fi dacewa da bayar da rahoton matakan damuwa na muhalli idan aka kwatanta da maza (36%). <ref>{{Cite web |last=[[Toby Helm]] |date=31 October 2021 |title=Eco-anxiety over climate crisis suffered by all ages and classes |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2021/oct/31/eco-anxiety-over-climate-crisis-suffered-by-all-ages-and-classes |access-date=7 November 2021 |website=[[The Observer]]}}</ref><ref name="InCommon">{{Cite web |last=[[Rowenna Davis]] |date=October 2021 |title=A Criis in Common |url=https://ourglobalfuture.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/A-Crisis-in-Common-1.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211204060736/https://ourglobalfuture.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/A-Crisis-in-Common-1.pdf |archive-date=4 December 2021 |access-date=7 November 2021 |website=Global Future}}</ref> An bayar da rahoton irin wannan lura a duk duniya, gami da kasashen Turai da Afirka.<ref name="Heeren et al.,2022"/> Wani binciken da aka yi a 2023 ya yi iƙirarin cewa damuwa game da muhalli ya fi yawa a cikin mata, saboda kashi 80% na masu ƙaura na yanayi mata ne.<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal |last=Rothschild |first=Julia |last2=Haase |first2=Elizabeth |date=February 2023 |title=Women's mental health and climate change Part II: Socioeconomic stresses of climate change and eco-anxiety for women and their children |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ijgo.14514 |journal=International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics |language=en |volume=160 |issue=2 |pages=414–420 |doi=10.1002/ijgo.14514 |issn=0020-7292 |pmid=36254375 |s2cid=252970641 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Mata da yawa suna yanke shawarar ko za su haifi yara bisa ga canjin yanayi, saboda ana hasashen canjin yanayi zai shafi tsararraki masu zuwa. Binciken da ''[[New York Times]]'' ta gudanar a cikin 2018 ya gano cewa kashi 33% na mata da suka zaɓi kada su haifi yara sun ambaci canjin yanayi a matsayin dalili.<ref name=":5" /> === 'Yan asalin ƙasar === Mutanen asalin ƙasar suna da matukar damuwa ga damuwa da muhalli da sauran martani na yanayi, saboda dogaro da ƙasarsu da ayyukan ƙasa don rayuwarsu da jin daɗi.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Cunsolo |first=Ashlee |last2=Harper |first2=Sherilee L. |last3=Minor |first3=Kelton |last4=Hayes |first4=Katie |last5=Williams |first5=Kimberly G. |last6=Howard |first6=Courtney |date=1 July 2020 |title=Ecological grief and anxiety: the start of a healthy response to climate change? |journal=The Lancet Planetary Health |language=English |volume=4 |issue=7 |pages=e261–e263 |doi=10.1016/S2542-5196(20)30144-3 |issn=2542-5196 |pmid=32681892 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Wani binciken da aka yi a shekarar 2021 ya gano cewa 'yan asalin da suka fuskanci canje-canjen muhalli da suka danganci canjin yanayi, kamar asarar jinsuna, fari, hauhawar yanayin zafi, da yanayin yanayi mara kyau, suna iya fuskantar raguwar lafiyar hankali. Ana iya bayyana wannan raguwa a matsayin damuwa game da muhalli, amma kuma a matsayin wasu martani na motsin rai da suka shafi yanayi, kamar haɗari na muhalli.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Vecchio |first=Emily Ann |last2=Dickson |first2=Michelle |last3=Zhang |first3=Ying |date=2022-05-01 |title=Indigenous mental health and climate change: A systematic literature review |journal=[[The Journal of Climate Change and Health]] |language=en |volume=6 |page=100121 |bibcode=2022JCCH....600121V |doi=10.1016/j.joclim.2022.100121 |issn=2667-2782 |s2cid=246716676 |doi-access=free}}</ref> [daidaitaccen tabbaci] == Alamomi == Damuwa ta muhalli na iya bayyana ta hanyoyin da ke haifar da alamun jiki kuma yana iya kara tsananta yanayin lafiyar kwakwalwa da ya riga ya kasance. Alamomin sun haɗa da fushi, rashin barci, rashin iya shakatawa, rashin abinci, rashin kulawa, rashin ƙarfi, hare-haren tsoro, tashin hankali na tsoka da rawar jiki. Wadannan alamun suna kama da alamun da wani da aka gano yana da rikicewar damuwa.<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal |last=Soutar |first=Catriona |last2=Wand |first2=Anne P. F. |year=2022 |title=Understanding the Spectrum of Anxiety Responses to Climate Change: A Systematic Review of the Qualitative Literature |journal=International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health |volume=19 |issue=2 |page=990 |doi=10.3390/ijerph19020990 |pmc=8776219 |pmid=35055813 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Wadannan alamun sun zama ruwan dare a cikin mutanen da ke fama da damuwa game da muhalli. Misali, wani binciken 2022 wanda Cibiyar Nazarin Magungunan Barci ta Amurka ta ba da umarnin ya ba da rahoton cewa "damuwa game da canjin yanayi da batutuwan muhalli" ya haifar da rashin barci ga kashi 70% na Amurkawa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-08-09 |title=Nearly 70% of Americans have lost sleep due to environmental worries |url=https://aasm.org/nearly-70-percent-of-americans-admit-they-have-lost-sleep-due-to-environmental-worries/ |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=American Academy of Sleep Medicine – Association for Sleep Clinicians and Researchers |publisher=[[American Academy of Sleep Medicine]] |language=en-US}}</ref> Sauran alamun tunani da / ko motsin rai sun haɗa da jin rashin bege da rashin ƙarfi, nisanta kansa daga ko guje wa batun, da jin daɗi ko ƙuntatawa.<ref name=":3"/> == Magani da martani == Mataki na farko ga masu warkarwa wajen magance damuwa da muhalli shine fahimtar cewa amsawa mai ban tsoro ga ainihin yanayin ba cututtuka ba ne. Damuwa ta muhalli amsa ce ta al'ada, koda kuwa abokin ciniki ya same shi da matukar damuwa. Masu warkarwa suna buƙatar ɗaukar tsoron abokan ciniki game da halin da ake ciki da gaske kuma "ba a ɗauka cewa matsala ce ta lafiyar kwakwalwa ba ko kuma cewa mutumin da ke fama da damuwa game da muhalli ba shi da lafiya. " Dangane da magani, samfuran mutum na lafiyar kwakwalwa "ba a tsara su don magance raunin gaba ɗaya a kan sikelin duniya ba". Hanyoyi daban-daban da ba na asibiti ba, zaɓuɓɓukan aiki na rukuni, dandalin tallafi na intanet, da littattafan taimakon kai suna samuwa ga mutanen da ke fama da yanayin tunani mara tsanani. Wasu daga cikin tasirin tunanin mutum ba sa buƙatar wani nau'i na magani kwata-kwata, kuma har ma yana iya zama mai kyau: alal misali, damuwa game da canjin yanayi na iya kasancewa da alaƙa da neman bayanai da kuma jin cewa yana iya rinjayar irin waɗannan matsalolin.<ref name="Ojala">{{Cite journal |last=Ojala |first=Maria |last2=Cunsolo |first2=Ashlee |last3=Ogunbode |first3=Charles A. |last4=Middleton |first4=Jacqueline |date=18 October 2021 |title=Anxiety, Worry, and Grief in a Time of Environmental and Climate Crisis: A Narrative Review |journal=Annual Review of Environment and Resources |volume=46 |issue=1 |pages=35–58 |doi=10.1146/annurev-environ-012220-022716 |issn=1543-5938 |s2cid=236307729 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin da za a magance damuwa game da muhalli shine ta hanyar imani game da tasirin ayyukan mutum.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hammond |first=Holly |date=2020-03-02 |title=Resources to Cope With Climate Anxiety and Grief |url=https://commonslibrary.org/resources-to-cope-with-climate-anxiety-and-grief/ |access-date=2024-04-19 |website=The Commons Social Change Library |language=en-AU}}</ref> Damuwa ta muhalli za a iya bunkasa ta hanyar rashin taimako na canjin yanayi, wani nau'i na rashin taimako da aka yi amfani da shi ga tsoron canjin yanayi.<ref name=":1" /> Saboda canjin yanayi babban batu ne tare da irin wannan mummunar sakamako, ayyukan mutum na iya zama kamar ba su da bambanci wajen yaki da babbar matsalar. Wannan na iya lalata mutane daga daukar duk wani mai kare muhalli kwata-kwata. Amma, shiga tsakani da ke ba da shawarar tasirin ayyukan mutum na iya rage rashin jin daɗi da damuwa da ke da alaƙa da rashin taimako na canjin yanayi. Lokacin da mutane suka karɓi bayanai da ke kwatanta yadda ayyukansu suka shafi muhalli, suna ba da rahoton ƙarancin tsoron canjin yanayi, kuma suna da niyyar yin zaɓuɓɓuka masu ɗorewa, suna nuna cewa ana iya magance rashin taimako na canjin yanayi ta hanyar imani game da ingancin canjin yanayi.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=Salomon |first=Erika |last2=Preston |first2=Jesse L. |last3=Tannenbaum |first3=Melanie B. |date=2017 |title=Climate change helplessness and the (de)moralization of individual energy behavior. |url=http://doi.apa.org/getdoi.cfm?doi=10.1037/xap0000105 |journal=[[Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied]] |language=en |volume=23 |issue=1 |pages=15–28 |doi=10.1037/xap0000105 |issn=1939-2192 |pmid=28165276 |s2cid=3587153}}</ref> Gabaɗaya, masu ilimin halayyar mutum suna cewa lokacin da mutane ke ɗaukar mataki don magance canjin yanayi, wannan yana rage matakan damuwa ta hanyar kawo ma'anar karfafawa da jin daɗin haɗin kai da wasu a cikin al'umma.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Cossman |first=Brenda |date=2013 |title=Anxiety Governance |journal=[[Law and Social Inquiry]] |volume=38 |issue=4 |pages=892–919 |doi=10.1111/lsi.12027 |issn=0897-6546 |jstor=24545848 |s2cid=232396087}}</ref> Yawancin masu ilimin halayyar dan adam sun jaddada cewa ban da aiki, akwai buƙatar gina ƙarfin motsin rai don kauce wa ƙanƙara.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Climate change and dealing with burnout {{!}} APS |url=https://www.psychology.org.au/for-the-public/Psychology-topics/Climate-change-psychology/Climate-change-and-dealing-with-burnout |access-date=13 February 2020 |website=www.psychology.org.au}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=11 January 2019 |title=How climate activists avoid burn out |url=https://theecologist.org/2019/jan/11/how-climate-activists-avoid-burn-out |access-date=13 February 2020 |website=[[The Ecologist]] |language=en}}</ref> Binciken wallafe-wallafen 2021 ya gano cewa martani na motsin rai ga rikicin na iya zama mai daidaitawa lokacin da mutum yana da damar da tallafi don sarrafawa da tunani akan wannan motsin rai. A cikin waɗannan lokuta, mutane suna iya girma daga abubuwan da suka faru kuma suna tallafawa wasu. A cikin mahallin canjin yanayi, wannan damar don tunani mai zurfi ya zama dole don kewaya kalubalen motsin rai da mutane da al'ummomi ke fuskanta.<ref name="anger2021">{{Cite journal |last=Samantha K. Stanley |last2=Teaghan L. Hogg |last3=Zoe Leviston |last4=Iain Walker |year=2021 |title=From anger to action: Differential impacts of eco-anxiety, eco-depression, and eco-anger on climate action and wellbeing |journal=The Journal of Climate Change and Health |volume=1 |page=100003 |bibcode=2021JCCH....100003S |doi=10.1016/j.joclim.2021.100003 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}</ref><ref name="sys2019">{{Cite journal |last=P. Tschakert |last2=N.R.Ellis |last3=C.Anderson |last4=A.Kelly |last5=J.Obeng |year=2019 |title=One thousand ways to experience loss: A systematic analysis of climate-related intangible harm from around the world |journal=[[Global Environmental Change]] |volume=55 |pages=58–72 |bibcode=2019GEC....55...58T |doi=10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2018.11.006 |s2cid=159117696}}</ref> === Ƙarin bincike === Kamar yadda damuwa game da muhalli ta sami karfin gwiwa kuma ta zama mafi yawa, daya daga cikin batutuwa masu zafi na yanzu a cikin wallafe-wallafen kimiyya ya damu da yadda za a ayyana da kuma tantance damuwa game da yanayi.<ref name="Mouguiama-Daouda, Blanchard, Coussement, & Heeren-2022">{{Cite journal |last=Mouguiama-Daouda |first=C. |last2=Blanchard |first2=M.A. |last3=Coussement |first3=C. |last4=Heeren |first4=A. |year=2022 |title=On the Measurement of Climate Change Anxiety: French Validation of the Climate Anxiety Scale |journal=Psychologica Belgica |volume=62 |issue=1 |pages=123–135 |doi=10.5334/pb.1137 |pmc=8954884 |pmid=35414943 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="Clayton & Karazsia-2020">{{Cite journal |last=Clayton |first=S. |last2=Karazsia |first2=B. |year=2020 |title=Development and validation of a measure of climate change anxiety |journal=[[Journal of Environmental Psychology]] |volume=69 |page=101434 |doi=10.1016/j.jenvp.2020.101434 |s2cid=218969799}}</ref> Sauran bincike na gaba na iya bincikawa da haɓaka hanyoyin da mutane za su kasance masu juriya a fuskar canjin yanayi.<ref name=":6"/> == Amsawar motsin rai da ke da alaƙa == A fannin ilimin halayyar halittu, akwai wasu tasirin halayyar yanayi na musamman waɗanda ba a yi nazari sosai ba fiye da damuwa game da muhalli. Sun hada da, amma ba a iyakance su ba, baƙin ciki na muhalli (ko bakin ciki na mujalli), haɗari na muhalliya, laifi na muhallu, da solastalgia. === Yanayi na Yanayi === Eco-anger shine takaici game da canjin yanayi da canje-canjen muhalli da ya haifar. Hakanan yana iya zama takaici ga wasu kungiyoyi, kamfanoni, ko ƙasashe waɗanda ke ba da gudummawa ga canjin yanayi. Binciken da ya raba tasirin damuwa game da muhalli, bakin ciki na muhalli da haɗari na muhallu, ya gano cewa haɗari na cikin muhalli shine mafi kyau ga lafiyar mutum. Wannan binciken ya kuma gano cewa yanayin muhalli yana da kyau don motsawa shiga cikin ayyukan da ke yaki da canjin yanayi.<ref name="anger2021"/> Wani rahoto daban daga 2021 ya gano cewa yanayin muhalli ya fi yawa a tsakanin matasa.<ref name="InCommon2">{{Cite web |last=[[Rowenna Davis]] |date=October 2021 |title=A Crisis in Common |url=https://ourglobalfuture.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/A-Crisis-in-Common-1.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211204060736/https://ourglobalfuture.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/A-Crisis-in-Common-1.pdf |archive-date=4 December 2021 |access-date=7 November 2021 |website=[[Global Future]]}}</ref> === Rashin jin daɗi ===   Rashin jin daɗi na muhalli (ko baƙin ciki na muhallar) shine " baƙin ciki da aka ji dangane da abubuwan da suka faru ko kuma asarar muhalli, gami da asarar jinsuna, yanayin halittu, da shimfidar wurare masu ma'ana saboda gagarumin canjin muhalli". === Laifin muhalli === Laifin muhalli shine "laifuka da ke tasowa lokacin da mutane ke tunani game da lokutan da ba su hadu da ka'idojin mutum ko na al'umma ba don halayyar muhalli. " <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mallett |first=Robyn K. |date=2012-09-01 |title=Eco-Guilt Motivates Eco-Friendly Behavior |url=https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/eco.2012.0031 |journal=Ecopsychology |volume=4 |issue=3 |pages=223–231 |doi=10.1089/eco.2012.0031 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Wannan laifi na iya ɗaukar nau'in sukar kai, zargi kai, jarraba kai, da / ko azabtar da kai. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ágoston |first=Csilla |last2=Csaba |first2=Benedek |last3=Nagy |first3=Bence |last4=Kőváry |first4=Zoltán |last5=Dúll |first5=Andrea |last6=Rácz |first6=József |last7=Demetrovics |first7=Zsolt |year=2022 |title=Identifying Types of Eco-Anxiety, Eco-Guilt, Eco-Grief, and Eco-Coping in a Climate-Sensitive Population: A Qualitative Study |journal=International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health |volume=19 |issue=4 |page=2461 |doi=10.3390/ijerph19042461 |pmc=8875433 |pmid=35206648 |doi-access=free}}</ref> === Solastawa === Solastalgia shine "matsalar da ta haifar da canji da lalacewar yanayin gida. " <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Galway |first=Lindsay P. |last2=Beery |first2=Thomas |last3=Jones-Casey |first3=Kelsey |last4=Tasala |first4=Kirsti |year=2019 |title=Mapping the Solastalgia Literature: A Scoping Review Study |journal=International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health |volume=16 |issue=15 |page=2662 |doi=10.3390/ijerph16152662 |pmc=6696016 |pmid=31349659 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Binciken 2019 ya gano cewa yawan mutanen da ke fuskantar solastalgia zai karu yayin da yawan canjin yanayi ke ci gaba da ƙaruwa. Wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa mutane da yawa za su ga tasirin canjin yanayi a kan mahallinsu yayin da canjin yanayi ke ci gaba.<ref name=":2" /> Yana ƙara bayyana cewa kawai yanayin muhalli yana fama da canjin yanayi amma kuma yankuna kamar tarihin tarihi da al'adu, waɗanda ke da alaƙa da jin daɗin kasancewa da ainihi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Weststeijn |first=Thijs |date=28 October 2021 |title=Must we accept the loss of beloved heritage to the climate crisis? {{!}} Aeon Essays |url=https://aeon.co/essays/must-we-accept-the-loss-of-beloved-heritage-to-the-climate-crisis |access-date=2023-12-28 |website=Aeon |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Ƙungiyoyin == An kafa kungiyoyi masu ilimin halayyar dan adam da yawa game da ilimin halayya.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Psychology for a Safe Climate |url=https://www.psychologyforasafeclimate.org/ |access-date=13 February 2020 |website=Psychology for a Safe Climate |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Climate Psychology Alliance – Home |url=https://www.climatepsychologyalliance.org/ |access-date=13 February 2020 |publisher=[[Climate Psychology Alliance]] |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Climate Psychiatry Alliance |url=https://www.climatepsychiatry.org/ |access-date=13 February 2020 |website=Climate Psychiatry Alliance |language=en-US}}</ref> Masana sun nuna cewa akwai buƙatar tsarin tsarin don samar da albarkatu daban-daban ga mutane dangane da tasirin lafiyar kwakwalwa na matsalolin muhalli da canjin yanayi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Coping with climate change distress {{!}} APS |url=https://www.psychology.org.au/for-the-public/Psychology-topics/Climate-change-psychology/Coping-with-climate-change-distress |access-date=13 February 2020 |website=www.psychology.org.au}}</ref> Wasu kungiyoyi, irin su Royal College of Psychiatrists, suna ba da jagora ta yanar gizo don taimakawa masu kulawa taimaka wa yara da matasa su magance damuwar muhalli.<ref name="rcpsych2020"/> An kuma kirkiro kungiyoyin tallafi damuwa a cikin gida, a cikin ƙasa, da kuma duniya. Wadannan kungiyoyi suna bawa mutane damar tattauna tsoronsu game da canjin yanayi kuma suna karɓar shawara daga wasu mambobi kan yadda za a magance waɗannan tsoronsa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Eco-Anxiety Support Group |url=https://www.waterspirit.org/10-steps |access-date=2023-03-29 |website=Waterspirit |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://www.goodgriefnetwork.org/ |access-date=2023-06-27 |website=Good Grief Network |language=en-US}}</ref> Ƙungiyoyin tallafin tsara-da-tsara sun fito ne tsakanin mutanen da suka shiga cikin Matakan baƙin ciki zuwa karɓar tasirin yanayi kamar yadda yake ci gaba kuma, har zuwa wani mataki, ba za a iya gujewa ba. Misalan sun haɗa da ƙungiyoyi da suka taso daga ra'ayoyin Deep adaptation (asalin 2018) da Post-doom (asalin 2019).<ref name="gq">{{Cite journal |last=Jones |first=Lucy |date=25 April 2023 |title=Adapt or die: Jem Bendell's radical vision to survive the climate crisis |url=https://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/article/jem-bendell-deep-adaptation-climate-change-interview-2023 |journal=GQ}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist|2}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] ioj1qljzc4pt5gt10qwab8e5lem605o 3 107179 826381 669590 2026-04-26T00:52:22Z Ternarius 14361 Ternarius moved page [[Tattaunawar user:ThomasTheTrain12]] to [[Tattaunawar user:Renamed user 6515abfd657542718dc16c5405dbf7ee]] without leaving a redirect: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/ThomasTheTrain12|ThomasTheTrain12]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/Renamed user 6515abfd657542718dc16c5405dbf7ee|Renamed user 6515abfd657542718dc16c5405dbf7ee]]" 669590 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, ThomasTheTrain12! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/ThomasTheTrain12|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 23 ga Yuli, 2025 (UTC) a7b68689m85k1qqiqoqqox3lg4vrx6n 0 110085 826603 700738 2026-04-26T08:59:39Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826603 wikitext text/x-wiki    {{Databox}} '''Edgar Donroy Bear Runner''' (28 ga Mayu 1951 - 4 ga Yuli 2021) ya kasance dan gwagwarmayar 'Yan asalin Amurka. Wataƙila an fi saninsa da yunkurin tattaunawa cikin lumana game da abin da ya faru a gidan Ranch na Jumping Bull a 1975 ta hanyar tattaunawa da masu gwagwarmayar Indian Movement na Amurka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Testimony of FBI Special Agent Gary Adams in the Leonard Peltier Trial (17-18 March 1977) |url=http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/peltier/adamstestimony.html |access-date=2 July 2015 |website=University of Missouri-Kansas City}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Edgar Bear Runner a ranar 28 ga Mayu 1951 a [[Porcupine, South Dakota|Porcupine]], [[South Dakota|Dakota ta Kudu]], ga mahaifiyar Winnifred "Winni" Alice Janis <ref name="Obits for Life2">{{Cite web |title=Winnifred "Winni" Alice Janis Obituary |url=http://www.obitsforlife.com/obituary/521041/Janis-Winnifred.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150703230104/http://www.obitsforlife.com/obituary/521041/Janis-Winnifred.php |archive-date=3 July 2015 |access-date=2 July 2015 |website=Obits for Life}}</ref> da mahaifinsa Oscar Bear Runner . <ref name="Sioux Funeral Home2">{{Cite web |title=Obituary for Winnifred Janis |url=http://www.siouxfuneralhome.com/book-of-memories/1235341/Janis-Winnifred/obituary.php |access-date=2 July 2015 |website=Sioux Funeral Home }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name="Proposition 12">{{Cite web |title=LEONARD PELTIER FREEDOM MONTH - NOVEMBER 1999 |url=http://prop1.org/protest/1999/991027.peltier.month.lafsq.sunrise.111299.htm |access-date=3 July 2015 |website=Proposition 1}}</ref> Edgar Bear Runner dalibi ne a [[University of Utah|Jami'ar Utah]]. == Pine Ridge Sarautar Ta'addanci == Pine Ridge Reign of Terror lakabi ne da aka saba sanyawa a lokacin a ƙarshen karni na ashirin bayan abin da ya faru na Wounded Knee, wanda aka yi tashin hankali a kan mabiyan [[Ƙungiyar Indiyawan Amurka|AIM]] da 'Yan asalin Amurka gabaɗaya a yankin Pine Ridge Indian Reservation . <ref name="NPR">{{Cite web |last=Michael Ray |first=Charles |date=18 August 2012 |title=Pine Ridge Reservation Deaths To Be Reinvestigated |url=https://www.npr.org/2012/08/18/159058219/near-wounded-knee-years-of-alleged-injustice |access-date=2 July 2015 |website=NPR}}</ref> A wannan lokacin, [[Ofishin Bincike na Tarayya (FBI)|FBI]] ta gudanar da sa ido mai zurfi a cikin gida, maimaita kamawa, cin zarafi da kuma mummunar shari'a a kan shugabannin AIM da magoya baya. A lokacin wannan "Mulkin Ta'addanci," an tsananta wa 'yan asalin Amurka ɗari uku, an yi musu duka, an yi masa cin zarafi kuma an kashe akalla' yan asalin Amurka sittin da hudu (kusan dukansu suna da alaƙa kai tsaye da ko kuma abokan AIM ne daga Lakota Nation). <ref name="Commission on Human Rights">{{Cite web |title=Statement of Bobby Castillo - Leonard Peltier Defense Committee |url=https://www.ohchr.org/Documents/Issues/IPeoples/WG/LPDC.doc |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180830005125/https://www.ohchr.org/Documents/Issues/IPeoples/WG/LPDC.doc |archive-date=30 August 2018 |access-date=2 July 2015 |website=Commission on Human Rights}}</ref> Bear Runner ya kasance a farkon shekarunsa na 20 a lokacin Wounded Knee da mulkin ta'addanci, wanda ya ce, " dattawanmu, iyayensu da kakanninmu a cikin al'ummarmu sun yi kira ga wannan iyali, wanda aka sani da mu a matsayin Ƙungiyar Indiyawan Amurka. Ƙungiyar Indiya ta Amurka ta gayyace ta al'ummar gargajiya daga Pine Ridge Indian Reservation don samar da taimako, don samar da ma'anar tsaro ga mutanen da suka ji cewa doka ta watsar da su. Mutane sun ji wani farin ciki na tsaro lokacin da Ƙungiyar Indiyawararrun su.<ref name="RevCom">{{Cite web |last=Lang |first=Debbie |date=23 January 2000 |title=Reign of Terror After 1973 Wounded Knee Resistance Stories of the Lakota People |url=http://revcom.us/a/v21/1030-039/1039/wknee2.htm |access-date=2 July 2015 |website=RevCom}}</ref> === Tsalle-tsalle na Bull Ranch Shootout === [[Ofishin Bincike na Tarayya (FBI)|FBI]] ta gudanar da "bincike" na abin da [[Ƙungiyar Indiyawan Amurka|AIM]] ke buƙata ta hanyar sa Bear Runner ya tattauna waɗannan batutuwa cikin zurfi tare da su. Ya shiga cikin fili tare da hannayensa da aka ɗaga don ya hana wani mai harbi na FBI ya harbe shi.<ref name="IndyBay">{{Cite web |last=Schmidt |first=Janis |date=9 January 2005 |title=Bob's Troubled Dream |url=https://www.indybay.org/newsitems/2005/01/09/17136211.php |access-date=2 July 2015 |website=IndyBay}}</ref> Lokacin da Bear Runner ya koma Highway 18 kimanin minti talatin bayan haka, ya sanar da mai kula da BIA Kendall Cummings cewa jami'an biyu sun mutu, kuma dukiyar Jumping Bull da alama an bar ta.<ref name="IndyBay" /> An "ba da izinin" Bear Runner da Cummings su koma ciki, tare da duka hannayensu da aka ɗaga sama da kawunansu, don tabbatar da cewa jami'an ba su da rai.<ref name="IndyBay" /> Dangane da harbi na 26 Yuni 1975, Edgar Bear Runner an jera shi a matsayin daya daga cikin arba'in da takwas daga cikin wadanda ake zargi na asali.<ref name="Shovel">{{Cite web |last=O'Driscoll |first=Patrick |date= |title=Annie Mae Pictou Aquash - Time Line An Investigation by News From Indian Country |url=http://www.dickshovel.com/time.html |access-date=3 July 2015 |website=DickShovel}}</ref> A cikin mako na 10 ga Nuwamba 1975, shekaru biyu bayan mamayewar Wounded Knee, Bear Runner ya zama wanda aka yi ƙoƙari a kashe shi. Edgar Bear Runner ya kai hari a cikin Sioux Nation Supermarket da Manny Wilson (ɗan mai cin hanci da rashawa Oglala Lakota Sioux tribal shugaban Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, Richard Wilson) da wasu GOON guda biyu waɗanda suka tsere daga wurin lokacin da manajan ya kira 'yan sanda.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Damage |first=Brian |date=14 January 2010 |title=The Reign of Terror in South Dakota |url=http://hosts.blogtalkradio.com/damage_plan/blog/2010/01/14/the-reign-of-terror-in-south-dakota |access-date=2 July 2015 |website=University of Missouri-Kansas City }}{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name="WordPress">{{Cite web |date=22 May 2007 |title=Chronology of Oppression at Pine Ridge |url=https://ourfreedom.wordpress.com/2007/05/22/chronology-of-oppression-at-pine-ridge/ |access-date=2 July 2015 |website=WordPress}}</ref> == Yunkurin fafutuka == An kira Bear Runner a matsayin wanda ake tuhuma a cikin shari'o'in kotu na [[South Dakota|Dakota ta Kudu]] da Edgar Bear Runner da Ted Means da kuma wanda ake tuhumar a Nebraska da Edgar Bear runner da Leon Adams, Maris 1976. <ref name="Minnesota Historical Society">{{Cite web |date=22 May 2007 |title=WOUNDED KNEE LEGAL DEFENSE/OFFENSE COMMITTEE: An Inventory of Its Records at the Minnesota Historical Society |url=http://www2.mnhs.org/library/findaids/00229.xml |access-date=2 July 2015 |website=Minnesota Historical Society}}</ref> An kama Bear Runner, tare da wasu masu kallo da yawa, saboda "rashin hankali don hana adalci", bayan da ya shiga cikin Custer, Dakota ta Kudu, zanga-zangar a ranar 6 ga Fabrairu 1973 game da kisan Wesley Bad Heart Bull .<ref name="Plain Site" /> A cikin shirin PBS, We Shall Remain, an nakalto Bear Runner yana cewa game da abin da ya faru na Custer House, "Na kasance daidai a kan matakai, ka sani, kuma abubuwa suna faruwa. Mun zubar da jini ga mutumin; mun ɗauki kwalkwali. Sa'an nan kuma na gudu don taimakawa samun gas a cikin tashar cikawa. Muna cikawa da yin Molotov cocktails da kuma fashe kwalabe a kan ginin, kuma wuta ta fara a bangon da komai. Daga baya za a wanke Bear Runner da juri.<ref name="We Shall Remain">{{Cite web |title=We Shall Remain |url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/?url=files/transcripts/WeShallRemain_5_transcript.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150704163612/http://www-tc.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/weshallremain/files/transcripts/WeShallRemain_5_transcript.pdf |archive-date=4 July 2015 |access-date=3 July 2015 |website=Plain Site}}</ref><ref name="Plain Site">{{Cite web |title=UNITED STATES of America, ex rel. Ted MEANS, Petitioner, v. Hon. Herman SOLEM, Warden, South Dakota State Penitentiary, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, Respondent. |url=http://www.plainsite.org/dockets/1zrc4y399/south-dakota-district-court/united-states-ex-rel-means-v-solem/ |access-date=3 July 2015 |website=Plain Site}}</ref> Har ila yau, Bear Runner na daya daga cikin masu shigar da kara da dama da suka shigar da kara a kokarinsu na maido da diyya sakamakon turawa da kuma amfani da jami'an soji da na sama domin tabbatar da doka da oda bisa wani makirci da masu daukaka kara suka yi. <ref name="Find A Case">{{Cite web |title=10/16/78 Agnes Lamont, Gladys v. Alexander Haig - UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA CIRCUIT - October 16, 1978 BLAKLEY, APPELLANTS v. ALEXANDER HAIG, LIEUTENANT GENERAL, UNITED STATES ARMY, ET AL. |url=http://il.findacase.com/research/wfrmDocViewer.aspx/xq/fac.19781016_0000177.CDC.htm/qx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150704084305/http://il.findacase.com/research/wfrmDocViewer.aspx/xq/fac.19781016_0000177.CDC.htm/qx |archive-date=4 July 2015 |access-date=3 July 2015 |website=Plain Site}}</ref> A cikin Case No. 84-2617, Gladys BISSONETTE, Ellen Moves Camp, Eugene White Hawk, Marvin Ghost Bear, Edgar Bear Runner, Oscar Bear Runner, Severt Young Bear, Rachel White Dress, Helen Red Feather, Eddie White Dress, Vicki Little Moon, Madonna, Madonna da Gilberti, Madonna, da Madonna Masu gabatar da kara, v. Alexander HAIG, Richard G. Kleindienst, Joseph T. Sneed, Charles D. Ablard, Joseph H. Trimbach, Ralph E. Erickson, Harlington Wood, Jr., Kenneth Belieu, Rolland Gleszer, Edmund Edwards, John Hay, da Volney F. Warner, Kotun Kotu, <ref name="Plain Site #2">{{Cite web |title=Gladys Bissonette, Ellen Moves Camp, Eugene White Hawk, Marvin Ghost Bear, Edgar Bear Runner, Oscar Bear Runner, Severt Young Bear, Rachel White Dress, Helen Red Feather, Eddie White Dress, Vicki Little Moon, Madonna Gilbert, Lorelei Means, and Carla Blakey v. Alexander Haig, Richard G. Kleindienst, Joseph T. Sneed, Charles D. Ablard, Joseph H. Trimbach, Ralph E. Erickson, Harlington Wood, Jr., Kenneth Belieu, Rolland Gleszer, Edmund Edwards, John Hay, and Volney F. Warner |url=http://www.plainsite.org/dockets/by1shyad/court-of-appeals-for-the-eighth-circuit/gladys-bissonette-ellen-moves-camp-eugene-white-hawk-marvin-ghost-bear-edgar-bear-runner-oscar-bear-runner-severt-young-bear-rachel-white-dress-helen-red-feather-eddie-white-dress-vicki-little-moon-madonna-gilbert-lorelei-means-and-carla-blakey-v-alexander-haig-richard-g-kleindienst-joseph-t-sneed-charles-d-ablard-joseph-h-trimbach-ralph-e-erickson-harlington-wood-jr-kenneth-belieu-rolland-gleszer-edmund-edwards-john-hay-and-volney-f-warner/ |access-date=3 July 2015 |website=Plain Site}}</ref> United States of Appellees, [16, 2] Amurka Kotun Koli ta takwas ta yi watsi da karar da masu shigar da kara suka gabatar a kan wata kariyar da ta cancanta . <ref name="OpenJurist">{{Cite journal |title=United States Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit. |url=http://openjurist.org/800/f2d/812 |journal=Open Jurist |volume=F2d |issue=800 |page=812 |access-date=3 July 2015}}</ref> <ref name="Law Resource">{{Cite web |title=800 F.2d 812 - 55 USLW 2204 |url=https://law.resource.org/pub/us/case/reporter/F2/800/800.F2d.812.84-2617.html |access-date=3 July 2015 |website=Law Resource}}</ref> <ref name="Leagle">{{Cite web |title=LAMONT v. HAIG - No. 75-2006. |url=http://www.leagle.com/decision/19781714590F2d1124_11500.xml/LAMONT%20v.%20HAIG |access-date=3 July 2015 |website=Leagle}}</ref> Bear Runner ya shirya abubuwan tunawa da kuma gina manyan duwatsu ga [[Anna Mae Aquash|Anna Mae Pictou Aquash]] <ref name="BBC News2">{{Cite web |last=Summers |first=Chris |date=2 February 2014 |title=Murder mystery on the reservation |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/3436833.stm |access-date=3 July 2015 |website=Leagle}}</ref> da Joseph "Killsright" Bedell Stuntz, <ref name="RoundTree72">{{Cite web |date=21 August 2011 |title=Joe Killsright Stuntz – "Today You Can Be Warriors" |url=http://www.roundtree7.com/2011/08/joe-killsright-stuntz-today-you-can-be-warriors/ |access-date=3 July 2015 |website=Leagle |archive-date=3 July 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150703225430/http://www.roundtree7.com/2011/08/joe-killsright-stuntz-today-you-can-be-warriors/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> don girmama gudummawarsu da kuma kiyaye sadaukarwar da suka yi. <ref name="Shovel #22">{{Cite web |title=Joe Stuntz and Anna Mae - Honored Memorial held at Aquash and Stuntz gravesites by Jean Roach Indian Country Today Volume 16 Issue 10 Week of September 2 through 9, 1996 |url=http://www.dickshovel.com/hdstn.html |access-date=3 July 2015 |website=DickShovel}}</ref> Game da hukuncin [[Babban kotun Koli na Amurka|Kotun Koli ta Amurka]] wanda ya bayyana yadda gwamnati ta keta yarjejeniyarta ta 1868 tare da Sioux lokacin da kasar ta mallaki Black Hills da kuma sasantawar kudi da ba a yarda da ita ba a yau, Bear Runner, a matsayin jami'in adana tarihin kabilanci, ya bayyana matsayinsa: "Ba za mu taba karɓar kuɗin ba. Mu kasance mafi talauci daga cikin kabilun. Amma ba za mu taba son karɓar wannan kuɗin ba. "<ref>{{Cite web |last=Moscou |first=Jim |date=24 May 2007 |title=TV: Did HBO Mangle 'Wounded Knee'? |url=http://www.newsweek.com/tv-did-hbo-mangle-wounded-knee-101179 |access-date=2 July 2015 |website=NewsWeek}}</ref> Bear Runner ya kasance mai goyon bayan rashin laifi na Leonard Peltier. A cikin 1999, Bear Runner ya fitar da wata sanarwa a wani taro a madadin mutanen Pine Ridge don 'yantar da Peltier, "Saboda sanannen goyon baya da goyon baya ga haƙƙin ɗan adam na Leonard, ikon mallakar 'yan asalin ƙasar, adalci da juriya ga cikakken mulkin mallaka na Amurka tabbas an hukunta shi kuma ya ci gaba da sha wahala a yau a hannun zalunci na Amurka. Yulin 1976 da aka yi wa 'yan Adam Rlander ya yi magana da kansa. Duk wani abu da ke aiki don haƙƙin mallaka na haƙƙin mallaki su zai iya fuskantar kansa.<ref name="Slide Player">{{Cite web |title=Native Americans (Sioux) by US Army cannon fire at a camp at Wounded Knee Creek in South. |url=http://slideplayer.com/slide/3593840/ |access-date=3 July 2015 |website=Slide Player}}</ref><ref name="Fremont Tribune">{{Cite web |last= |date=8 July 1999 |title=President visits Pine Ridge |url=http://fremonttribune.com/president-visits-pine-ridge/article_8a03085e-851a-5e18-8424-e70df4f27143.html |access-date=3 July 2015 |website=Fremont Tribune ([[Associated Press|AP]])}}</ref> Bear Runner ya kuma ba da shaida a Leonard Peltier's 1976 Extradition Hearing a [[British Columbia]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=THE WRONGFUL EXTRADITION OF LEONARD PELTIER FROM CANADA BRIEF IN SUPPORT OF THE GRANT OF EXECUTIVE CLEMENCY THE INNOCENCE PROJECT, OSGOODE HALL LAW SCHOOL, YORK UNIVERSITY |url=http://apps.osgoode.yorku.ca/Quickplace/innocenceproject/Main.nsf/h_Toc/5B3218576C7B06F685256AF4006AD07E/?OpenDocument |access-date=3 July 2015 |website=Innocence Project }}{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Bear Runner kuma ya gabatar da abubuwan da suka faru waɗanda aka tsara don samun jinƙai ga Peltier.<ref name="Who Is Leonard Peltier?">{{Cite web |date=23 May 2015 |title=Pine Ridge, SD: Leonard Peltier Day: 39 Years of Suffering. 26-27 June 2015 |url=http://www.whoisleonardpeltier.info/events/leonard-peltier-day2015-39-yearsof-suffering-26-27-june/ |access-date=3 July 2015 |website=Who Is Leonard Peltier?}}</ref> == Hotunan fina-finai == {| class="wikitable" |- style="background:lightsteelblue;" ! colspan="4" |Fim din |- style="background:#ccc;" !Shekara !Fim din !Matsayi !Bayani |- |1994 |''Mace Lakota: Siege a Raunin Knee'' |''Mutumin da ya dace'' | |- |- style="background:lightsteelblue;" ! colspan="4" |Talabijin |- style="background:#ccc;" !Shekara !Taken !Matsayi !Bayani |- |- |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Matattun 2021]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1951]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] kgj14lohr9uo2gd9pkee48k2kyphpa0 0 110192 826268 802115 2026-04-25T16:13:46Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826268 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''The Adaptation at Scale in Semi-Arid Regions''' ('''ASSAR'''), wani aikin bincike ne na shekaru biyar (Maris 2014-Disamba 2018) wanda Ma'aikatar Ci gaban Duniya, DFID da Cibiyar Nazarin Ci gaban Duniya ta Kanada (Cibiyar Ci gaban Duniya) ke tallafawa wanda ke da niyyar inganta hanyoyin rayuwa na daidaitawa ga kungiyoyi masu rauni ta hanyar fahimtar abubuwan da shingen da yaduwa da sauyawa a ma'auni da yawa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Adaptation at Scale in Semi-Arid Regions (ASSAR) |url=https://weadapt.org/knowledge-base/assar/ |access-date=2024-07-16 |website=weADAPT |language=en-US}}</ref> ASSAR na daga cikin shirin CARIAA (Collabora ve Adapta on Research Initiative in Africa and Asia). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-11-04 |title=ASSAR Adaptation at scale in semi-arid regions 2014–2018 {{!}} PreventionWeb |url=https://www.preventionweb.net/publication/assar-adaptation-scale-semi-arid-regions-2014-2018 |access-date=2024-07-16 |website=www.preventionweb.net |language=en}}</ref> Aikin ASSAR ya haɗa da bincike na kimiyya da yawa (a matakin yanki da jigogi), haɓaka iyawa, da kuma shiga cikin masu ruwa da tsaki. don inganta ilimin cikas da masu ba da gudummawa ga nasarar [[Daidaituwar canjin yanayi|daidaita yanayin yanayi]]. Kungiyoyin bincike za su hada kai a kasashe da yawa na Asiya ta Kudu da Afirka don samar da amintaccen bayani wanda masu yanke shawara da sauransu zasu iya amfani da shi don ƙirƙirar ingantaccen dabarun daidaitawa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-04-17 |title=Adaptation at Scale in Semi-Arid Regions {{!}} IDRC - International Development Research Centre |url=https://idrc-crdi.ca/en/project/adaptation-scale-semi-arid-regions |access-date=2024-07-16 |website=idrc-crdi.ca |language=en |archive-date=2025-01-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250126232001/https://idrc-crdi.ca/en/project/adaptation-scale-semi-arid-regions |url-status=dead }}</ref> ASSAR tana aiki a cikin tsari mai tsari a kasashe shida a fadin Afirka ta Yamma, [[Gabashin Afirka]] da [[Kudancin Afirka]] da kuma jihohi uku ([[Karnataka]], [[Maharashtra]] da [[Tamil Nadu]]) a [[Indiya]], a kan bincike mai alaƙa da shari'a kuma suna neman hada canjin yanayi, zamantakewa, tattalin arziki da muhalli.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Adaptation at Scale in Semi-Arid Regions (ASSAR) – START |url=https://start.org/programs/assar/ |access-date=2024-07-16 |website=START International |language=en-US |archive-date=2024-07-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240716020517/https://start.org/programs/assar/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>Few, Roger; Tebboth, Mark G.L. (October 2018). "Recognising the dynamics that surround drought impacts". Journal of Arid Environments. 157: 113–115. Bibcode:2018JArEn.157..113F. doi:10.1016/j.jaridenv.2018.06.001. ISSN 0140-1963.</ref> == Manufofin Shirin == Manufar aikin Adaptation at Scale in Semi-Arid Regions (ASSAR) shine inganta gudanar da haɗarin da ke akwai yayin da yake ba da damar yin aiki, hanyoyin da za su fi dacewa da sauyin yanayi a yankuna masu tsaka-tsaki. ASSAR tana neman magance bukatun ma'aikata da masu ruwa da tsaki na gwamnati ta hanyar aikin shiga daga 2014 zuwa 2018, taimakawa wajen tsara tsarin manufofi masu inganci da ƙirƙirar mafita masu dorewa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Adaptation at Scale in Semi-Arid Regions (ASSAR) Project {{!}} Institute for Environment and Sanitation Studies |url=https://iess.ug.edu.gh/projects/institutional/adaptation-scale-semi-arid-regions-assar-project |access-date=2024-07-16 |website=[[University of Ghana]] |archive-date=2024-07-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240716013631/https://iess.ug.edu.gh/projects/institutional/adaptation-scale-semi-arid-regions-assar-project |url-status=dead }}</ref> ASSAR kuma ta yi aiki tare da abokan hulɗa don gano cikas ga daidaitawa, fahimtar raunin daban-daban, da bincika matakan da suka dace don ba da damar yaduwa, tasiri, da ci gaba da daidaitawa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Adaptation at Scale in Semi Arid Regions |url=https://www.climate-chance.org/en/best-pratices/adaptation-at-scale-in-semi-arid-regions/ |access-date=2024-07-16 |website=www.climate-chance.org |language=en-US}}</ref> Har ila yau, burin binciken ASSAR shine ƙirƙirar fahimta mai mahimmanci game da hanyoyin da abubuwan da ke hana daidaitawa da ci gaba da rauni.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Few |first=Roger |last2=Tebboth |first2=Mark G.L. |date=October 2018 |title=Recognising the dynamics that surround drought impacts |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2018.06.001 |journal=Journal of Arid Environments |volume=157 |pages=113–115 |bibcode=2018JArEn.157..113F |doi=10.1016/j.jaridenv.2018.06.001 |issn=0140-1963}}</ref> == Manazarta == csaftngb5xhkpln8wd0nppa2i58w8pk 0 110992 826548 731106 2026-04-26T07:47:39Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826548 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:Dun_Briste,_Downpatrick_Head.jpg|right|thumb|350x350px|Dún Briste, Downpatrick shugaban]] [[Fayil:Dún_Briste.jpg|thumb|Ra'ayi na waje]] '''Dún Briste''' ([[Harshen Irish|Irish]]: Broken Fort) tarin teku ne na halitta ko pilaster - a cikin [[Ilimin Kimiyyar Juyin Sifar Kasa (Geomorphology)|ilimin ƙasa]] da ake kira tarin - wanda aka kafa a Ireland a Lokacin Carboniferous, mai yiwuwa Mississippian, kimanin shekaru miliyan 350 da suka gabata.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dun Briste Sea Stack |url=https://www.dunbriste.com/dun-briste.html |website=Downpatrick Head |access-date=2025-08-05 |archive-date=2024-12-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241216075934/https://www.dunbriste.com/dun-briste.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Magana == Sunan ya fito ne daga kalmomin Irish {{Lang|ga|dún}} ma'anar "ƙarfi" da {{Lang|ga|briste}} ma'anar" karya, yana nuna bayyanar tsarin da asalinsa. == Bayyanawa == Tarin yana kwance nan da nan a tsibirin Downpatrick Head, kilomita shida arewa maso gabashin garin Ballycastle, County Mayo . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Downpatrick Head |url=https://www.ireland.com/es-es/destinations/county/mayo/downpatrick-head/ |website=Ireland.com}}</ref> Yana da mita 45 a tsawo, mita 63 a tsawo da kuma mita 23 a fadin.<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 16, 2015 |title=Dun Briste: una impresionante pila del mar en Irlanda |url=https://www.vistaalmar.es/recursos/fotografia-video/5369-dun-briste-una-impresionante-pila-del-mar-en-irlanda.html |website=Vista al Mar}}</ref> == Tarihi == A cewar labari, kafin a raba Dún Briste daga yankin da ke makwabtaka da shi (Downpatrick Head), Saint Patrick ya gina daya daga cikin majami'u na farko na Ireland a can. Labarin ya ci gaba da cewa lokacin da wani druid na gida, Crom Dubh, ya ki tuba zuwa Kristanci, Patrick mai fushi ya buge ƙasa da ma'aikatansa kuma ya yanke tarin daga ƙasar, ya hukunta druid ya mutu a can cikin kaɗaici.<ref>{{Cite web |date=April 24, 2022 |title=Dún Briste, la roca sola ante el Atlántico |url=https://viajes.nationalgeographic.com.es/a/dun-briste-roca-sola-ante-atlantico_18102 |website=Viajes National Geographic |language=es }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> During [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|World War II]] the nearby house served as a lookout post for the Irish Coast Guard.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dun Briste, un precioso rincón de … |url=https://vicmun.com/stories/dun-briste-un-precioso-rincon-de-la-bella-irlanda/ |website=vicmun.com |language=es}}</ref> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Ingancin tushen bayani|<span title="This claim needs references to better sources. (July 2025)">better&nbsp;source&nbsp;needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> Shaidar cewa ya kasance wani ɓangare na ƙasar an gabatar da shi a cikin 1980 ta hanyar masu bincike waɗanda suka sauka a ciki ta hanyar helikofta kuma suka gudanar da bincike, inda suka sami gine-ginen dutse da ragowar ƙetarewar tumaki.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Miller |first=Iain |date=July 5, 2022 |title=Dún Bristé Sea Stack |url=https://endorfeen.com/dun-briste-sea-stack/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Laura Geggel |date=February 15, 2018 |title=That Sea Stack from Reddit Didn't Take 'Millions of Years' to Form |url=https://www.livescience.com/61769-dun-briste-sea-stack-reddit.html |website=livescience.com}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} cihvrjdfnbvwofpttbdpdegp156eb99 0 111183 826270 696695 2026-04-25T16:41:45Z AYM8818 11892 gyara manazarta 826270 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Infobox occupation|employment_field=Science, technology, engineering, industry, computer, exploration|type=[[Engineering]]|official_names=Computer engineer|competencies=Technical knowledge, hardware design, software design|specialty=Hardware engineering, software engineering, software programming, robotics, networking|activity_sector=Telecommunications, technology industry, engineering industry}} '''[[Injinia.|injiniya]] kwamfuta''' ('''CE''', '''CoE''', '''CpE''', ko '''CompE''') reshe ne na injiniya wanda ke da ƙwarewa wajen haɓaka kayan aikin kwamfuta da [[Software|sobtwe]].{{Efn|Before the era of computers, C.E. could also mean "[[Chartered (professional)|Chartered]] Engineer"; "inst. CE" would have meant "[[Institution of Civil Engineers]]".}}<ref>{{Cite book|last3=IEEE Computer Society|last2=Association for Computing Machinery}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last3=IEEE Computer Society|last2=Association for Computing Machinery}}</ref> Ya haɗa fannoni da yawa na Injiniyan lantarki, injiniyan lantarki da kimiyyar kwamfuta. Ana iya kiran aikin injiniya na kwamfuta a matsayin ''Injiniyan lantarki da Kwamfuta'' ko ''Kimiyya da Injiniya na Kwamfuta'' a wasu jami'o'i. Injiniyoyin kwamfuta suna buƙatar horo a cikin haɗin kayan aiki, ƙirar manhajan sobwe, da [[Injiniyan software|Injiniyan sobtwe]]. Zai iya kunshe da yankuna kamar electromagnetism, artificial intelligence (AI), [[Robotics]]" id="mwMw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Robotics">robotics, cibiyoyin sadarwa na kwamfuta, gine-ginen kwamfuta da tsarin aiki. Injiniyoyin kwamfuta suna da hannu a fannoni da yawa na kayan aiki da sobtwe na lissafi, daga ƙirar microcontrollers, microprocessors, kwamfutocin mutum, da supercomputers, zuwa ƙirar da'ira. Wannan fagen injiniya ba wai kawai yana mai da hankali kan yadda Tsarin kwamfuta da kansu ke aiki ba ne kawai, har ma da yadda za a haɗa su cikin hoto mafi girma ta yadda za'a iya iya amfani dashi kuma ya amfanar.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Trinity College Dublin |title=What is Computer System Engineering |url=http://www.tcd.ie/Engineering/about/what_is_eng/computer_eng_intro.html |access-date=April 21, 2006}} "Computer engineers need not only to understand how computer systems themselves work but also how they integrate into the larger picture. Consider the car. A modern car contains many separate computer systems for controlling such things as the engine timing, the brakes, and the airbags. To be able to design and implement such a car, the computer engineer needs a broad theoretical understanding of all these various subsystems & how they interact.</ref> Robotics yana daya daga cikin aikace-aikacen injiniyan kwamfuta. Injiniyan kwamfuta yawanci suna hulɗa da yankuna ciki har da rubuce-rubuce sobtwe da firmware don microcontrollers da aka sakawa, tsara kwakwalwa VLSI, [[Sensor|na'urori masu auna sigina]], allon da aka haɗu da sigina, thermodynamics da tsarin sarrafawa. Injiniyoyin kwamfuta sun dace da binciken robotics, wato sakago wanda ya dogara sosai akan amfani da tsarin dijital don sarrafawa da saka idanu kan tsarin lantarki kamar motoci, sadarwa, da [[Sensor|na'urori masu auna sigina]]. A cibiyoyin ilimi mafi girma da yawa, ana ba da damar Daliban injiniya kwamfuta su zaɓi wuraren zurfin karatu a cikin ƙarami da manyan shekarunsu saboda cikakken faɗin ilimin da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin ƙira da aikace-aikacen kwamfutoci ya wuce iyakar digiri na farko. Sauran cibiyoyin na iya bada buƙatar ɗaliban injiniya su kammala shekara ɗaya ko biyu na aikin [[Injinia.|injiniya gaba ɗaya]] kafin su ayyana aikin injiniya na kwamfuta a matsayin babban abin da suka fi mayar da hankali.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Changing Majors @ Clemson |url=http://www.registrar.clemson.edu/html/changeMjr_Curr.htm |access-date=September 20, 2011 |publisher=Clemson University}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Declaring a College of Engineering Major |url=http://freshmanengineering.uark.edu/2041.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141012182736/http://freshmanengineering.uark.edu/2041.php |archive-date=October 12, 2014 |access-date=September 20, 2011 |publisher=University of Arkansas}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Degree Requirements |url=http://www.cmu.edu/me/undergraduate/degree-requirements.html |access-date=September 20, 2011 |publisher=Carnegie Mellon University}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Programas de Materias |url=http://www.uca.edu.ar/index.php/site/index/es/uca/facultad-de-ciencias-fisicomatematicas-e-ingenieria/alumnos/programas-de-materias/cc1y2/ |publisher=Universidad Católica Argentina |language=es}}</ref> [[Fayil:Dell_Dimension_C521_Motherboard.jpg|thumb|Wannan kwamfuta motherboard da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin Kwamfuta ta mutum shine sakamakon kokarin injiniyan kwamfuta.]] == Tarihi == [[Fayil:Babbage_Difference_Engine.jpg|thumb|Injin Bambanci, kwamfuta ta farko ta inji]] [[Fayil:Glen_Beck_and_Betty_Snyder_program_the_ENIAC_in_building_328_at_the_Ballistic_Research_Laboratory.jpg|thumb|ENIAC, kwamfutar lantarki ta farko]] Injiniyan kwamfuta ya fara ne a shekar ta alif dari tara da talatinn da tara 1939 lokacin da John Vincent Atanasoff da Clifford Berry suka fara bunkasa kwamfutar lantarki ta farko a duniya ta hanyar kimiyyar [[lissafi]], lissafi, da injiniyan lantarki. John Vincent Atanasoff ya taɓa zama malamin kimiyyar lissafi da lissafi a Jami'ar Jihar Iowa kuma Clifford Berry tsohon digiri ne a ƙarƙashin injiniyan lantarki da kimiyyar kimiyya. Tare, sun kirkiro kwamfutar Atanasoff-Berry, wanda aka fi sani da ABC wanda ya ɗauki shekaru biyar don kammalawa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=John Vincent Atanasoff - the father of the computer |url=http://www.columbia.edu/~td2177/JVAtanasoff/JVAtanasoff.html |access-date=2017-12-05 |website=www.columbia.edu}}</ref> Yayinda aka rushe ABC na asali kuma aka watsar da shi a cikin shekarun alif dari tara da arba'in1940, an ba da haraji ga masu kirkiro; an yi kwatankwacin ABC a cikin shekaran alif dari tara da casa'in da bakwai 1997, inda ya ɗauki ƙungiyar masu bincike da injiniyoyi shekaru huɗu da $ 350,000 don ginawa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iowa State replica of first electronic digital computer going to Computer History Museum - News Service - Iowa State University |url=https://www.news.iastate.edu/news/2009/dec/abc |access-date=2017-12-05 |website=www.news.iastate.edu |language=en-us |archive-date=2019-04-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190421074358/https://www.news.iastate.edu/news/2009/dec/ABC |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kwamfuta ta zamani ta fito ne a cikin shekarun alif dari tara da saba'in 1970s, bayan nasarori da yawa a cikin fasahar semiconductor. Wadannan sun hada da [[Tranzista|transistor]] na farko da William Shockley, John Bardeen da Walter Brattain suka yi a Bell Labs a cikin shekara alif dari tara da arba'in da bakwai 1947, <ref>{{Cite web |title=1947: Invention of the Point-Contact Transistor |url=https://www.computerhistory.org/siliconengine/invention-of-the-point-contact-transistor/ |access-date=9 October 2019 |website=The Silicon Engine |publisher=[[Computer History Museum]]}}</ref> a cikin shekarar alid dari tara da hamsin da biyar 1955, silicon dioxide surface passivation da Carl Frosch da Lincoln Derick suka yi, transistors na farko na silicon dioxide da Frosch and Derick a cikin shekarar alif dari tara da hamsin da bakwai 1957, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Frosch |first=C. J. |last2=Derick |first2=L |date=1957 |title=Surface Protection and Selective Masking during Diffusion in Silicon |url=https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1149/1.2428650 |journal=Journal of the Electrochemical Society |language=en |volume=104 |issue=9 |pages=547 |doi=10.1149/1.2428650 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> tsarin tsarin tsarin da Jean Hoerni, da aka haɗa da Robert Noyce a Fairchild Semiconductor a cikin chip Fairchild, da Mas Mas Mas MasatosHET da Stanley suka nuna a filin tasirin transistor (MOS) a cikin Ford, ko MOS) <ref name="computerhistory1971">{{Cite web |title=1971: Microprocessor Integrates CPU Function onto a Single Chip |url=https://www.computerhistory.org/siliconengine/microprocessor-integrates-cpu-function-onto-a-single-chip/ |access-date=22 July 2019 |website=[[Computer History Museum]]}}</ref> === Tarihin ilimin injiniyan kwamfuta === Shirin digiri na farko na injiniyan kwamfuta a Amurka an kafa shi ne a shekarar alif dari tara da sabain da daya 1971 a Jami'ar Case Western Reserve da ke [[Cleveland]], [[Ohio (jiha)|Ohio]] . <sup a="" href="./ABET" rel="mw:WikiLink">ABET="#mwt74" class="mw-ref reference" data-cx="{}" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-20","html":"<nowiki><span typeof=\"mw:Transclusion\" data-mw=\"{&amp;quot;name&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;templatestyles&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;attrs&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;src&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;body&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;extsrc&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;parts&amp;quot;:[{&amp;quot;template&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;target&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;cite web &amp;quot;,&amp;quot;href&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;./Template:Cite_web&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;params&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;title&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;History&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;url&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;https://engineering.case.edu/about/history&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;website&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;engineering.case.edu&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;date&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;January 5, 2017&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;publisher&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Case School of Engineering&amp;quot;}},&amp;quot;i&amp;quot;:0}}]}\" data-ve-no-generated-contents=\"true\" id=\"mwAww\">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki><nowiki><cite about=\"#mwt72\" class=\"citation web cs1\" id=\"mwAw0\" data-ve-ignore=\"1\"><a class=\"external text\" href=\"https://engineering.case.edu/about/history\" id=\"mwAw4\" rel=\"mw:ExtLink nofollow\">\"History\"</a></nowiki>. <nowiki><i id=\"mwAw8\">engineering.case.edu</i></nowiki>. Case School of Engineering. January 5, 2017.<nowiki></cite></nowiki>"}}' id="cite_ref-20" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref">[./Computer_engineering#cite_note-20 <span class="mw-reflink-text"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket"><nowiki>]</nowiki></span></span>]</sup> Ya zuwa shekara dubu biyu da sha biyar 2015, akwai shirye-shiryen injiniyan kwamfuta 250 da aka amince da su a Amurka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Find an ABET-Accredited Program {{!}} ABET |url=http://main.abet.org/aps/accreditedprogramsearch.aspx |access-date=2015-11-29 |website=main.abet.org}}</ref> A Turai, hukumomi da yawa suna ba da izini ga makarantun injiniyan kwamfuta a matsayin wani ɓangare na cibiyar sadarwa ta EQANIE. Saboda karuwar buƙatun aiki ga injiniyoyi waɗanda zasu iya tsara kayan aiki, [[software]], firmware, da sarrafa duk nau'ikan tsarin kwamfuta da aka yi amfani da su a masana'antu, wasu cibiyoyin sakandare a duniya suna ba da digiri na farko da ake kira injiniyan kwamfuta. Dukkanin shirye-shiryen injiniyan kwamfuta da na Injiniyan lantarki sun haɗa da ƙirar kewayon analog da dijital a cikin tsarin karatun su. Kamar yadda yake tare da mafi yawan fannonin injiniya, samun cikakken ilimin [[lissafi]] da kimiyya ya zama dole ga injiniyoyin kwamfuta. == Ilimi == Ana kiran aikin injiniya na kwamfuta a matsayin kimiyyar kwamfuta da injiniya a wasu sanannu da shahararun jamio'i a duniya tun daga wa'incan lokutan. Yawancin ayyukan injiniyan kwamfuta na matakin shigarwa suna buƙatar aƙalla digiri na farko a cikin injiniyan kwamfutar, injiniyan lantarki ko kimiyyar kwamfuta. Yawanci dole ne mutum ya koyi jerin [[lissafi]] kamar [[Calculus|lissafi]], lissafin layi da daidaitattun bambance-bambance, tare da kimiyyar kwamfuta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=January 8, 2024 |title=Erik Jonsson School of Engineering and Computer Science |url=https://engineering.utdallas.edu/academics/undergraduate-majors/undergrad-advising/current-students/ |website=The University of Texas at Dallas}}</ref> Digiri a cikin Injiniyan lantarki ko lantarki sun isa saboda kamanceceniyar filayen biyu. Saboda injiniyoyin kayan aiki suna aiki tare da tsarin software na kwamfuta, tushen tushe mai ƙarfi a cikin shirye-shiryen kwamfuta ya zama dole. A cewar BLS, "babban injiniyan kwamfuta yayi kama da injiniyan lantarki amma tare da wasu darussan kimiyyar kwamfuta da aka kara a cikin tsarin karatun".<ref name="CHE">{{Cite web |date=January 8, 2014 |title=Computer Hardware Engineers |url=http://www.bls.gov/ooh/architecture-and-engineering/computer-hardware-engineers.htm |access-date=July 20, 2012 |publisher=Bureau of Labor Statistics}}</ref> Wasu manyan kamfanoni ko ayyuka na musamman suna buƙatar digiri na biyu. Har ila yau, yana da mahimmanci sosai ga injiniyoyin kwamfuta su ci gaba da sauri a cikin [[Fasaha|fasahar zamani]]. Saboda haka, mutane da yawa suna ci gaba da koyo a duk lokacin da suke aiki. Wannan na iya taimakawa, musamman idan ya zo ga koyon sabbin ƙwarewa ko inganta waɗanda ke akwai. Misali, yayin da farashin dangi na gyara kwari ke ƙaruwa yayin da yake cikin tsarin ci gaban software, ana iya samun adadi mai yawa wanda aka danganta shi da haɓaka da gwaji don lambar inganci da wuri-wuri a cikin tsari, musamman kafin a saki.<ref name="The cost of fixing a bug">{{Cite web |title=Feabhas_Infographic_FINAL |url=http://www.feabhas.com/sites/default/files/uploads/News/Feabhas_Infographic_FINAL.pdf |website=feabhas}}</ref> === Ayyuka === Mutumin da ke da sana'a a aikin injiniya na kwamfuta ana kiransa injiniyan kwamfuta. {| class="wikitable" !Taken !Gabatarwa !Suffix !Abubuwan da ake bukata |- |Injiniyan kwamfuta |[Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9] |CpE |Ya sami digiri a fannin injiniyan kwamfuta <small>Cibiyar: Cibiyar Ilimi (kamar kwalejoji, jami'o'i) </small> |- |Injiniyan kwamfuta mai ƙwarewa |[Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9] |CCpE |Ya wuce jarrabawar takardar shaidar a cikin injiniyan kwamfuta Cibiyar: Cibiyar masu zaman kansu (kamar kungiyoyin injiniyan kwamfutar da kamfanoni masu zaman kansu) <small>Cibiyar: Cibiyar masu zaman kansu (kamar kungiyoyin injiniyan kwamfuta da kamfanoni masu zaman kansu) </small> |- |Injiniyan kwamfuta mai rijista |[Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9] |RCpE |Ya wuce jarrabawar lasisi a cikin aikin injiniya na kwamfuta <small>Cibiyar: Cibiyar Jama'a (kamar Hukumar Kula da Kasa) </small> |- |Kwararren injiniyan kwamfuta |[Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9] |PCpE |Ya wuce jarrabawar kwararru a aikin injiniya na kwamfuta, ko kwarewar aiki <small>Cibiyar: Cibiyar Jama'a ko Masu zaman kansu</small> |- | colspan="4" |<small>''*yana iya bambanta a yankin da ƙasa.''</small> |} == Aikace-aikace da aiki ==   Akwai manyan abubuwan da aka mayar da hankali a cikin injiniyan kwamfuta: kayan aiki da software. === Injiniyan kayan aikin kwamfuta ===   Dangane da Amurka BLS, aikin hangen aiki ga injiniyoyin kayan aikin kwamfuta, haɓakar shekaru goma daga shekarabta dubu biyu da sha tara 2019 zuwa ta dubu biyu da ashirin da tara 2029 don injiniyan kayan aikin kwamfuta an kiyasta 2% da jimillar ayyuka 71,100. (" ''Slower fiye da matsakaita'' " a nasu kalmomin idan aka kwatanta da sauran sana'o'i)" <ref name="hweng">{{Cite web |title=Computer Hardware Engineers: Occupational Outlook Handbook |url=http://www.bls.gov/ooh/architecture-and-engineering/computer-hardware-engineers.htm |publisher=U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics}}</ref> Wannan shi ne raguwa daga shekara ta dubu biyu da sha hudu 2014 zuwa 2024 BLS injiniya hardware kiyasin na 3% da jimillar 77,700 jobs; " ''kuma ya ragu daga 7% na 2012 zuwa 2022 BLS kimanta kuma yana cikin 1% zuwa 902 BLS kimanta kuma yana cikin 002002 BLS kimanta.'' " <ref name="hweng" /> A yau, kayan aikin kwamfuta sun ɗan yi daidai zuwa lantarki da injiniyan kwamfuta (ECE) kuma an raba shi zuwa sassa da yawa, mafi mahimmanci. ana shigar da tsarin ƙirar . <ref name="CHE"/> === Injiniyan software na kwamfuta === A cewar Ofishin Labaran Ayyuka na Amurka (BLS), "an tsara injiniyoyin software na aikace-aikacen kwamfuta da injiniyoyin software ɗin tsarin kwamfuta su kasance daga cikin masu saurin girma fiye da matsakaicin ayyukan da ke girma". Ci gaban da ake tsammani na shekaru goma tun daga shekarar dubu biyu da sha hudu 2014 don injiniyan software na kwamfuta an kiyasta kashi goma sha bakwai kuma akwai jimlar ayyuka 1,114,000 a wannan shekarar.<ref name="softdev">{{Cite web |title=Software Developers: Occupational Outlook Handbook |url=http://www.bls.gov/ooh/computer-and-information-technology/software-developers.htm |publisher=U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics}}</ref> Wannan ya sauka daga shekara ta dubu biyu da sha biyu 2012 zuwa ta dubu biyu da ashirin da biyu 2022 BLS kimantawa na 22% ga masu haɓaka software. <ref name="softdev" /> <ref name="C.S.E.">{{Cite web |date=March 19, 2010 |title=Computer Software Engineer |url=http://www.bls.gov/k12/computers04.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130726002354/http://www.bls.gov/k12/computers04.htm |archive-date=July 26, 2013 |access-date=July 20, 2012 |publisher=Bureau of Labor Statistics}}</ref> Kuma, ya kara sauka daga ƙididdigar BLS ta 30% zuwa shekara ta dubu biyu da ashirin 2020.<ref name="CSE2">{{Cite web |date=January 8, 2014 |title=Software Developers |url=http://www.bls.gov/ooh/computer-and-information-technology/software-developers.htm |access-date=July 21, 2012 |publisher=Bureau of Labor Statistics}}</ref> Bugu da kari, karuwar damuwa game da tsaro na yanar gizo ya kara da sanya aikin injiniya na software na kwamfuta sama da matsakaicin ƙaruwa ga dukkan fannoni. Koyaya, wasu ayyukan za a fitar da su a ƙasashen waje. Saboda wannan, ci gaban aiki ba zai kasance da sauri kamar yadda ya kasance a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata ba, kamar yadda ayyukan da za su je ga injiniyoyin software na kwamfuta a Amurka za su je zuwa ga injiniyoyin kwamfuta a ƙasashe kamar Indiya.<ref name="bls.gov">{{Cite web |title=Computer Programmers: Occupational Outlook Handbook |url=http://www.bls.gov/ooh/computer-and-information-technology/computer-programmers.htm |publisher=U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics}}</ref> Bugu da kari, hangen nesa na aikin BLS ga masu shirye-shiryen kwamfuta, shekara ta dubu biyu da sha hudu 2014-24 yana da -8% (ƙetare, a cikin kalmomin su), sannan hangen nesa na aiki, shekara ta dubu biyu da da sha tara 2019-29 na -9% (Retare), sannan raguwar 10% don shekara ta dubu biyu da ashirin da daya 2021-2031 kuma yanzu raguwar 11% don waɗanda ke tsara kwamfutoci (watau tsarin da aka saka) waɗanda ba masu haɓaka aikace-aikacen kwamfuta ba.<ref name="bls.gov" /><ref name="ReferenceA">{{Cite web |title=Computer Programmers : Occupational Outlook Handbook: : U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |url=https://www.bls.gov/ooh/computer-and-information-technology/computer-programmers.htm |website=www.bls.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Archive By Publication : Beyond the Numbers: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |url=https://www.bls.gov/opub/btn/archive/publication.htm#regional-reports |website=www.bls.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=May 10, 2018 |title=The Soon-to-Be-Extinct Embedded Software Engineer |url=https://www.designnews.com/design-hardware-software/soon-be-extinct-embedded-software-engineer |website=designnews.com}}</ref> Bugu da ƙari, mata a fannonin software suna raguwa a tsawon shekaru har ma da sauri fiye da sauran fannonin injiniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=hp's Developer Portal &#124; HP International Women's Week: Women in Computer Science dropping since 1980s |url=https://developers.hp.com/public/blog/hp-international-womens-week-women-computer-science-dropping-1980s |website=developers.hp.com}}</ref> == Yankunan musamman == Akwai fannoni masu yawa na musamman a fagen injiniyan kwamfuta. === Tsarin mai sarrafawa ===   Tsarin ƙirar Mai sarrafawa ya haɗa da zaɓar saitin umarni da wani tsarin kisa (misali VLIW ko RISC) kuma yana haifar da microarchitecture, wanda za'a iya bayyana shi a misali VHDL ko Verilog. Tsarin CPU ya kasu kashi biyu: datapaths (kamar ALU da bututun mai), sashin sarrafawa: dabaru wanda ke sarrafa datapathes, abubuwan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya kamar fayilolin rajista, ɓoyewa, kewayon agogo kamar direbobi na agogo, PLLs, cibiyoyin rarraba agogo, kewayen mai karɓa, ɗakin karatu na ƙofar ƙira wanda ake amfani dashi don aiwatar da ma'anar. === Coding, cryptography, da kariya ta bayanai === [[Fayil:Source_code_in_C.png|thumb|[[C programming language|C]] na tushe da aka rubuta a cikin harshen shirye-shiryen C]] Injiniyoyin kwamfuta suna aiki a cikin ƙididdiga, aikace-aikacen cryptography, da kariya ta bayanai don haɓaka sabbin hanyoyin don kare bayanai daban-daban, kamar hotuna da kiɗa na dijital, raguwa, [[Keta Haƙƙin Mallaka|keta haƙƙin mallaka]] da sauran nau'ikan lalatawa ta hanyar, alal misali, Alamar ruwa ta dijital.<ref name="SCCC">{{Cite web |title=Computer Engineering Overview |url=http://www.careercornerstone.org/pdf/compeng/compeng.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120916035940/http://www.careercornerstone.org/pdf/compeng/compeng.pdf |archive-date=September 16, 2012 |access-date=July 20, 2012 |publisher=Sloan Career Cornerstone Center}}</ref> === Sadarwa da hanyoyin sadarwa marasa waya ===   Wadanda ke mai da hankali kan sadarwa da hanyoyin sadarwar, ci gaban aiki a cikin tsarin sadarwa da hanyoyin sadarwa, gyare-gyare da sarrafa kuskure, da ka'idar bayanai. Tsarin cibiyar sadarwa mai saurin gudu, murkushe tsangwama da gyare-gyare, ƙira, da nazarin Tsarin jure kuskuren, da adanawa da watsawa duk wani ɓangare ne na wannan ƙwarewa.<ref name="SCCC"/> === Masu tarawa da tsarin aiki ===   [[Fayil:Windows10abstract.png|thumb|Windows 10, misali na tsarin aiki]] Wannan ƙwarewar tana mai da hankali kan [[Compiler|masu tarawa]] da tsarin aiki da ƙirar da ci gaba. Injiniyoyi a wannan fagen suna haɓaka sabbin tsare-tsare da aiki, dabarun nazarin shirye-shirye, da sabbin dabarun don tabbatar da inganci. Misalan aiki a wannan fagen sun haɗa da ci gaban algorithm na sauyawar lambar-lokaci da ci gaban sabon tsarin aiki.<ref name="SCCC"/> === Kimiyya da injiniya na kwamfuta ===   Kimiyya da injiniya na lissafi na zamin. A cewar Cibiyar "Sloan Career Cornerstone", mutane da ke aiki a wannan yanki, "an yi amfani da hanyoyin lissafi don tabbatar da tsarawa da warware matsalolin lissafi masu rikitarwa a cikin injiniya da kimiyyar jiki da zamantakewa. Misalan sun haɗa da ƙirar jirgin sama, sarrafa plasma na siffofin nanometer a kan wafers na semiconductor, ƙirar da'irar "VLSI", tsarin gano radar, jigilar ion ta hanyar tashoshin halittu, da sauransu. "<ref name="SCCC"/> === Cibiyoyin sadarwa na kwamfuta, kwamfuta mai kwakwalwa, da tsarin rarraba ===   A cikin wannan ƙwarewa, injiniyoyi suna gina mahalli masu haɗin kai don lissafi, sadarwa, da samun damar bayanai. Misalan sun haɗa da cibiyoyin sadarwar mara waya na tashar, Gudanar da albarkatun daidaitawa a cikin tsarin daban-daban, da inganta ingancin sabis a cikin yanayin wayar hannu da katin ciran kudi wato da ake amfani da shi gun cire kudi a wajen banaki ATM sanna kuma a yau an kawo lokacin da akwai POS naurar da ake amfani dashi kun cire kudi a mafi saukin hanya. Wasu wasu misalai sun haɗa da aiki a kan Tsarin cibiyar sadarwa mara waya da tsarin waya mai sauri na Ethernet.<ref name="SCCC"/> === Tsarin kwamfuta: gine-gine, aiki tare, da dogaro === [[Fayil:Intel_80486DX2_bottom.jpg|thumb|Misali na CPU na kwamfuta]] Injiniyoyi da ke aiki a akan tsarin kwamfuta suna aiki a kan ayyukan bincike waɗanda ke ba da dama amintacce, amintaccen tsarin kwamfuta mai inganci. Ayyuka irin su tsara masu sarrafawa don Multi-threading da aiki tare an haɗa su a cikin wannan fagen. Sauran misalai na aiki a wannan fagen sun haɗa da ci gaban sabbin ra'ayoyi, algorithms, da sauran kayan aikin da ke ƙara aiki ga tsarin kwamfuta.<ref name="SCCC"/> Gine-gine na kwamfuta ya haɗa da ƙirar fasahar kwakwalwar kwamfuta da ake kira da "CPU", tsarin matsayi na cache, Ƙungiyar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, da daidaita nauyin kaya. === Ra'ayi na kwamfuta da robotics === [[Fayil:Humanoid_Robot_(1)_ITB_2017.JPG|thumb|Misali na mutum-mutumi]] A cikin wannan fannin na ƙwarewa, injiniyoyin kwamfuta suna mai da hankali kan haɓaka fasahar jin gani don jin yanayin, wakiltar muhalli, da sarrafa muhalli. Ana aiwatar da bayanan da aka tattara na uku don yin ayyuka daban-daban. Wadannan sun hada da ingantaccen samfurin mutum da ake kira "Robot" mutum-mutumi, sadarwa ta hoto, da kuma haɗin mutum da kwamfuta, da kuma na'urori kamar kyamarori masu amfani na musamman tare da na'urorin gani masu amfani.<ref name="SCCC"/> === Tsarin da aka saka === [[Fayil:Oxygen_devices.svg|alt=|thumb|Misalan na'urorin da ke amfani da tsarin da aka saka]] Mutanen da ke aiki a wannan yanki fasahar ƙira don haɓaka saurin da ake bukata kwamfuta yayi, amintacce, da aikin tsarin. Ana samun tsarin da aka saka a cikin na'urori da yawa daga ƙaramin rediyo na FM wanda keda saukin amfani da komwa domin jamaa su saurari shirin gidan redio zuwa jirgin dake zuwa sararin samaniya. A cewar Cibiyar Ayyuka ta Sloan Cornerstone, ci gaba da ci gaba a cikin tsarin da aka saka sun haɗa da "''motoci da kayan aiki na atomatik don gudanar da bincike da ceto, tsarin sufuri na atomatik, da daidaitawar mutum-robot don gyara kayan aiki a sararin samaniya.'' " <ref name="SCCC"/> Ya zuwa shekara ta dubu biyu da sha takwas 2018 , ƙwarewar tsarin da aka sanya na kwamfuta sun haɗa da tsarin tsarin-a-chip, gine-ginen ƙididdigar gefen da Intanet na abubuwa. === Da'irori masu hadin kai, ƙirar VLSI, gwaji da CAD === Wannan ƙwarewar injiniyan kwamfuta tana buƙatar isasshen ilimin lantarki da tsarin yadda ake sarrafa lantarki. Injiniyoyi da ke aiki a wannan fanni suna aiki akan inganta saurin na'urar da samun amincewa, da ingancin makamashi na ƙarni na gaba da keɓaɓɓen ƙira (VLSI) da kuma microsystems. Misali na wannan ƙwarewa shine aikin da aka yi akan rage amfani da wutar lantarki na algorithms na VLSI da gine-gine.<ref name="SCCC"/> [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] == Manazarta == grdcu6v16wrht7nyfihnnhfyd7jysg5 826271 826270 2026-04-25T16:43:06Z AYM8818 11892 Gyara 826271 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   {{Infobox occupation|employment_field=Science, technology, engineering, industry, computer, exploration|type=[[Engineering]]|official_names=Computer engineer|competencies=Technical knowledge, hardware design, software design|specialty=Hardware engineering, software engineering, software programming, robotics, networking|activity_sector=Telecommunications, technology industry, engineering industry}} '''[[Injinia.|injiniya]] kwamfuta''' ('''CE''', '''CoE''', '''CpE''', ko '''CompE''') reshe ne na injiniya wanda ke da ƙwarewa wajen haɓaka kayan aikin kwamfuta da [[Software|sobtwe]].{{Efn|Before the era of computers, C.E. could also mean "[[Chartered (professional)|Chartered]] Engineer"; "inst. CE" would have meant "[[Institution of Civil Engineers]]".}}<ref>{{Cite book|last3=IEEE Computer Society|last2=Association for Computing Machinery}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last3=IEEE Computer Society|last2=Association for Computing Machinery}}</ref> Ya haɗa fannoni da yawa na Injiniyan lantarki, injiniyan lantarki da kimiyyar kwamfuta. Ana iya kiran aikin injiniya na kwamfuta a matsayin ''Injiniyan lantarki da Kwamfuta'' ko ''Kimiyya da Injiniya na Kwamfuta'' a wasu jami'o'i. Injiniyoyin kwamfuta suna buƙatar horo a cikin haɗin kayan aiki, ƙirar manhajan sobwe, da [[Injiniyan software|Injiniyan sobtwe]]. Zai iya kunshe da yankuna kamar electromagnetism, artificial intelligence (AI), [[Robotics]]" id="mwMw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Robotics">robotics, cibiyoyin sadarwa na kwamfuta, gine-ginen kwamfuta da tsarin aiki. Injiniyoyin kwamfuta suna da hannu a fannoni da yawa na kayan aiki da sobtwe na lissafi, daga ƙirar microcontrollers, microprocessors, kwamfutocin mutum, da supercomputers, zuwa ƙirar da'ira. Wannan fagen injiniya ba wai kawai yana mai da hankali kan yadda Tsarin kwamfuta da kansu ke aiki ba ne kawai, har ma da yadda za a haɗa su cikin hoto mafi girma ta yadda za'a iya iya amfani dashi kuma ya amfanar.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Trinity College Dublin |title=What is Computer System Engineering |url=http://www.tcd.ie/Engineering/about/what_is_eng/computer_eng_intro.html |access-date=April 21, 2006}} "Computer engineers need not only to understand how computer systems themselves work but also how they integrate into the larger picture. Consider the car. A modern car contains many separate computer systems for controlling such things as the engine timing, the brakes, and the airbags. To be able to design and implement such a car, the computer engineer needs a broad theoretical understanding of all these various subsystems & how they interact.</ref> Robotics yana daya daga cikin aikace-aikacen injiniyan kwamfuta. Injiniyan kwamfuta yawanci suna hulɗa da yankuna ciki har da rubuce-rubuce sobtwe da firmware don microcontrollers da aka sakawa, tsara kwakwalwa VLSI, [[Sensor|na'urori masu auna sigina]], allon da aka haɗu da sigina, thermodynamics da tsarin sarrafawa. Injiniyoyin kwamfuta sun dace da binciken robotics, wato sakago wanda ya dogara sosai akan amfani da tsarin dijital don sarrafawa da saka idanu kan tsarin lantarki kamar motoci, sadarwa, da [[Sensor|na'urori masu auna sigina]]. A cibiyoyin ilimi mafi girma da yawa, ana ba da damar Daliban injiniya kwamfuta su zaɓi wuraren zurfin karatu a cikin ƙarami da manyan shekarunsu saboda cikakken faɗin ilimin da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin ƙira da aikace-aikacen kwamfutoci ya wuce iyakar digiri na farko. Sauran cibiyoyin na iya bada buƙatar ɗaliban injiniya su kammala shekara ɗaya ko biyu na aikin [[Injinia.|injiniya gaba ɗaya]] kafin su ayyana aikin injiniya na kwamfuta a matsayin babban abin da suka fi mayar da hankali.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Changing Majors @ Clemson |url=http://www.registrar.clemson.edu/html/changeMjr_Curr.htm |access-date=September 20, 2011 |publisher=Clemson University}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Declaring a College of Engineering Major |url=http://freshmanengineering.uark.edu/2041.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141012182736/http://freshmanengineering.uark.edu/2041.php |archive-date=October 12, 2014 |access-date=September 20, 2011 |publisher=University of Arkansas}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Degree Requirements |url=http://www.cmu.edu/me/undergraduate/degree-requirements.html |access-date=September 20, 2011 |publisher=Carnegie Mellon University}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Programas de Materias |url=http://www.uca.edu.ar/index.php/site/index/es/uca/facultad-de-ciencias-fisicomatematicas-e-ingenieria/alumnos/programas-de-materias/cc1y2/ |publisher=Universidad Católica Argentina |language=es}}</ref> [[Fayil:Dell_Dimension_C521_Motherboard.jpg|thumb|Wannan kwamfuta motherboard da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin Kwamfuta ta mutum shine sakamakon kokarin injiniyan kwamfuta.]] == Tarihi == [[Fayil:Babbage_Difference_Engine.jpg|thumb|Injin Bambanci, kwamfuta ta farko ta inji]] [[Fayil:Glen_Beck_and_Betty_Snyder_program_the_ENIAC_in_building_328_at_the_Ballistic_Research_Laboratory.jpg|thumb|ENIAC, kwamfutar lantarki ta farko]] Injiniyan kwamfuta ya fara ne a shekar ta alif dari tara da talatinn da tara 1939 lokacin da John Vincent Atanasoff da Clifford Berry suka fara bunkasa kwamfutar lantarki ta farko a duniya ta hanyar kimiyyar [[lissafi]], lissafi, da injiniyan lantarki. John Vincent Atanasoff ya taɓa zama malamin kimiyyar lissafi da lissafi a Jami'ar Jihar Iowa kuma Clifford Berry tsohon digiri ne a ƙarƙashin injiniyan lantarki da kimiyyar kimiyya. Tare, sun kirkiro kwamfutar Atanasoff-Berry, wanda aka fi sani da ABC wanda ya ɗauki shekaru biyar don kammalawa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=John Vincent Atanasoff - the father of the computer |url=http://www.columbia.edu/~td2177/JVAtanasoff/JVAtanasoff.html |access-date=2017-12-05 |website=www.columbia.edu}}</ref> Yayinda aka rushe ABC na asali kuma aka watsar da shi a cikin shekarun alif dari tara da arba'in1940, an ba da haraji ga masu kirkiro; an yi kwatankwacin ABC a cikin shekaran alif dari tara da casa'in da bakwai 1997, inda ya ɗauki ƙungiyar masu bincike da injiniyoyi shekaru huɗu da $ 350,000 don ginawa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iowa State replica of first electronic digital computer going to Computer History Museum - News Service - Iowa State University |url=https://www.news.iastate.edu/news/2009/dec/abc |access-date=2017-12-05 |website=www.news.iastate.edu |language=en-us |archive-date=2019-04-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190421074358/https://www.news.iastate.edu/news/2009/dec/ABC |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kwamfuta ta zamani ta fito ne a cikin shekarun alif dari tara da saba'in 1970s, bayan nasarori da yawa a cikin fasahar semiconductor. Wadannan sun hada da [[Tranzista|transistor]] na farko da William Shockley, John Bardeen da Walter Brattain suka yi a Bell Labs a cikin shekara alif dari tara da arba'in da bakwai 1947, <ref>{{Cite web |title=1947: Invention of the Point-Contact Transistor |url=https://www.computerhistory.org/siliconengine/invention-of-the-point-contact-transistor/ |access-date=9 October 2019 |website=The Silicon Engine |publisher=[[Computer History Museum]]}}</ref> a cikin shekarar alid dari tara da hamsin da biyar 1955, silicon dioxide surface passivation da Carl Frosch da Lincoln Derick suka yi, transistors na farko na silicon dioxide da Frosch and Derick a cikin shekarar alif dari tara da hamsin da bakwai 1957, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Frosch |first=C. J. |last2=Derick |first2=L |date=1957 |title=Surface Protection and Selective Masking during Diffusion in Silicon |url=https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1149/1.2428650 |journal=Journal of the Electrochemical Society |language=en |volume=104 |issue=9 |pages=547 |doi=10.1149/1.2428650 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> tsarin tsarin tsarin da Jean Hoerni, da aka haɗa da Robert Noyce a Fairchild Semiconductor a cikin chip Fairchild, da Mas Mas Mas MasatosHET da Stanley suka nuna a filin tasirin transistor (MOS) a cikin Ford, ko MOS) <ref name="computerhistory1971">{{Cite web |title=1971: Microprocessor Integrates CPU Function onto a Single Chip |url=https://www.computerhistory.org/siliconengine/microprocessor-integrates-cpu-function-onto-a-single-chip/ |access-date=22 July 2019 |website=[[Computer History Museum]]}}</ref> === Tarihin ilimin injiniyan kwamfuta === Shirin digiri na farko na injiniyan kwamfuta a Amurka an kafa shi ne a shekarar alif dari tara da sabain da daya 1971 a Jami'ar Case Western Reserve da ke [[Cleveland]], [[Ohio (jiha)|Ohio]] . <sup a="" href="./ABET" rel="mw:WikiLink">ABET="#mwt74" class="mw-ref reference" data-cx="{}" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-20","html":"<nowiki><span typeof=\"mw:Transclusion\" data-mw=\"{&amp;quot;name&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;templatestyles&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;attrs&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;src&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;body&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;extsrc&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;parts&amp;quot;:[{&amp;quot;template&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;target&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;cite web &amp;quot;,&amp;quot;href&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;./Template:Cite_web&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;params&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;title&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;History&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;url&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;https://engineering.case.edu/about/history&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;website&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;engineering.case.edu&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;date&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;January 5, 2017&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;publisher&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wt&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Case School of Engineering&amp;quot;}},&amp;quot;i&amp;quot;:0}}]}\" data-ve-no-generated-contents=\"true\" id=\"mwAww\">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki><nowiki><cite about=\"#mwt72\" class=\"citation web cs1\" id=\"mwAw0\" data-ve-ignore=\"1\"><a class=\"external text\" href=\"https://engineering.case.edu/about/history\" id=\"mwAw4\" rel=\"mw:ExtLink nofollow\">\"History\"</a></nowiki>. <nowiki><i id=\"mwAw8\">engineering.case.edu</i></nowiki>. Case School of Engineering. January 5, 2017.<nowiki></cite></nowiki>"}}' id="cite_ref-20" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref">[./Computer_engineering#cite_note-20 <span class="mw-reflink-text"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket"><nowiki>]</nowiki></span></span>]</sup> Ya zuwa shekara dubu biyu da sha biyar 2015, akwai shirye-shiryen injiniyan kwamfuta 250 da aka amince da su a Amurka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Find an ABET-Accredited Program {{!}} ABET |url=http://main.abet.org/aps/accreditedprogramsearch.aspx |access-date=2015-11-29 |website=main.abet.org}}</ref> A Turai, hukumomi da yawa suna ba da izini ga makarantun injiniyan kwamfuta a matsayin wani ɓangare na cibiyar sadarwa ta EQANIE. Saboda karuwar buƙatun aiki ga injiniyoyi waɗanda zasu iya tsara kayan aiki, [[software]], firmware, da sarrafa duk nau'ikan tsarin kwamfuta da aka yi amfani da su a masana'antu, wasu cibiyoyin sakandare a duniya suna ba da digiri na farko da ake kira injiniyan kwamfuta. Dukkanin shirye-shiryen injiniyan kwamfuta da na Injiniyan lantarki sun haɗa da ƙirar kewayon analog da dijital a cikin tsarin karatun su. Kamar yadda yake tare da mafi yawan fannonin injiniya, samun cikakken ilimin [[lissafi]] da kimiyya ya zama dole ga injiniyoyin kwamfuta. == Ilimi == Ana kiran aikin injiniya na kwamfuta a matsayin kimiyyar kwamfuta da injiniya a wasu sanannu da shahararun jamio'i a duniya tun daga wa'incan lokutan. Yawancin ayyukan injiniyan kwamfuta na matakin shigarwa suna buƙatar aƙalla digiri na farko a cikin injiniyan kwamfutar, injiniyan lantarki ko kimiyyar kwamfuta. Yawanci dole ne mutum ya koyi jerin [[lissafi]] kamar [[Calculus|lissafi]], lissafin layi da daidaitattun bambance-bambance, tare da kimiyyar kwamfuta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=January 8, 2024 |title=Erik Jonsson School of Engineering and Computer Science |url=https://engineering.utdallas.edu/academics/undergraduate-majors/undergrad-advising/current-students/ |website=The University of Texas at Dallas}}</ref> Digiri a cikin Injiniyan lantarki ko lantarki sun isa saboda kamanceceniyar filayen biyu. Saboda injiniyoyin kayan aiki suna aiki tare da tsarin software na kwamfuta, tushen tushe mai ƙarfi a cikin shirye-shiryen kwamfuta ya zama dole. A cewar BLS, "babban injiniyan kwamfuta yayi kama da injiniyan lantarki amma tare da wasu darussan kimiyyar kwamfuta da aka kara a cikin tsarin karatun".<ref name="CHE">{{Cite web |date=January 8, 2014 |title=Computer Hardware Engineers |url=http://www.bls.gov/ooh/architecture-and-engineering/computer-hardware-engineers.htm |access-date=July 20, 2012 |publisher=Bureau of Labor Statistics}}</ref> Wasu manyan kamfanoni ko ayyuka na musamman suna buƙatar digiri na biyu. Har ila yau, yana da mahimmanci sosai ga injiniyoyin kwamfuta su ci gaba da sauri a cikin [[Fasaha|fasahar zamani]]. Saboda haka, mutane da yawa suna ci gaba da koyo a duk lokacin da suke aiki. Wannan na iya taimakawa, musamman idan ya zo ga koyon sabbin ƙwarewa ko inganta waɗanda ke akwai. Misali, yayin da farashin dangi na gyara kwari ke ƙaruwa yayin da yake cikin tsarin ci gaban software, ana iya samun adadi mai yawa wanda aka danganta shi da haɓaka da gwaji don lambar inganci da wuri-wuri a cikin tsari, musamman kafin a saki.<ref name="The cost of fixing a bug">{{Cite web |title=Feabhas_Infographic_FINAL |url=http://www.feabhas.com/sites/default/files/uploads/News/Feabhas_Infographic_FINAL.pdf |website=feabhas}}</ref> === Ayyuka === Mutumin da ke da sana'a a aikin injiniya na kwamfuta ana kiransa injiniyan kwamfuta. {| class="wikitable" !Taken !Gabatarwa !Suffix !Abubuwan da ake bukata |- |Injiniyan kwamfuta |[Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9] |CpE |Ya sami digiri a fannin injiniyan kwamfuta <small>Cibiyar: Cibiyar Ilimi (kamar kwalejoji, jami'o'i) </small> |- |Injiniyan kwamfuta mai ƙwarewa |[Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9] |CCpE |Ya wuce jarrabawar takardar shaidar a cikin injiniyan kwamfuta Cibiyar: Cibiyar masu zaman kansu (kamar kungiyoyin injiniyan kwamfutar da kamfanoni masu zaman kansu) <small>Cibiyar: Cibiyar masu zaman kansu (kamar kungiyoyin injiniyan kwamfuta da kamfanoni masu zaman kansu) </small> |- |Injiniyan kwamfuta mai rijista |[Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9] |RCpE |Ya wuce jarrabawar lasisi a cikin aikin injiniya na kwamfuta <small>Cibiyar: Cibiyar Jama'a (kamar Hukumar Kula da Kasa) </small> |- |Kwararren injiniyan kwamfuta |[Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9] |PCpE |Ya wuce jarrabawar kwararru a aikin injiniya na kwamfuta, ko kwarewar aiki <small>Cibiyar: Cibiyar Jama'a ko Masu zaman kansu</small> |- | colspan="4" |<small>''*yana iya bambanta a yankin da ƙasa.''</small> |} == Aikace-aikace da aiki ==   Akwai manyan abubuwan da aka mayar da hankali a cikin injiniyan kwamfuta: kayan aiki da software. === Injiniyan kayan aikin kwamfuta ===   Dangane da Amurka BLS, aikin hangen aiki ga injiniyoyin kayan aikin kwamfuta, haɓakar shekaru goma daga shekarabta dubu biyu da sha tara 2019 zuwa ta dubu biyu da ashirin da tara 2029 don injiniyan kayan aikin kwamfuta an kiyasta 2% da jimillar ayyuka 71,100. (" ''Slower fiye da matsakaita'' " a nasu kalmomin idan aka kwatanta da sauran sana'o'i)" <ref name="hweng">{{Cite web |title=Computer Hardware Engineers: Occupational Outlook Handbook |url=http://www.bls.gov/ooh/architecture-and-engineering/computer-hardware-engineers.htm |publisher=U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics}}</ref> Wannan shi ne raguwa daga shekara ta dubu biyu da sha hudu 2014 zuwa 2024 BLS injiniya hardware kiyasin na 3% da jimillar 77,700 jobs; " ''kuma ya ragu daga 7% na 2012 zuwa 2022 BLS kimanta kuma yana cikin 1% zuwa 902 BLS kimanta kuma yana cikin 002002 BLS kimanta.'' " <ref name="hweng" /> A yau, kayan aikin kwamfuta sun ɗan yi daidai zuwa lantarki da injiniyan kwamfuta (ECE) kuma an raba shi zuwa sassa da yawa, mafi mahimmanci. ana shigar da tsarin ƙirar . <ref name="CHE"/> === Injiniyan software na kwamfuta === A cewar Ofishin Labaran Ayyuka na Amurka (BLS), "an tsara injiniyoyin software na aikace-aikacen kwamfuta da injiniyoyin software ɗin tsarin kwamfuta su kasance daga cikin masu saurin girma fiye da matsakaicin ayyukan da ke girma". Ci gaban da ake tsammani na shekaru goma tun daga shekarar dubu biyu da sha hudu 2014 don injiniyan software na kwamfuta an kiyasta kashi goma sha bakwai kuma akwai jimlar ayyuka 1,114,000 a wannan shekarar.<ref name="softdev">{{Cite web |title=Software Developers: Occupational Outlook Handbook |url=http://www.bls.gov/ooh/computer-and-information-technology/software-developers.htm |publisher=U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics}}</ref> Wannan ya sauka daga shekara ta dubu biyu da sha biyu 2012 zuwa ta dubu biyu da ashirin da biyu 2022 BLS kimantawa na 22% ga masu haɓaka software. <ref name="softdev" /> <ref name="C.S.E.">{{Cite web |date=March 19, 2010 |title=Computer Software Engineer |url=http://www.bls.gov/k12/computers04.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130726002354/http://www.bls.gov/k12/computers04.htm |archive-date=July 26, 2013 |access-date=July 20, 2012 |publisher=Bureau of Labor Statistics}}</ref> Kuma, ya kara sauka daga ƙididdigar BLS ta 30% zuwa shekara ta dubu biyu da ashirin 2020.<ref name="CSE2">{{Cite web |date=January 8, 2014 |title=Software Developers |url=http://www.bls.gov/ooh/computer-and-information-technology/software-developers.htm |access-date=July 21, 2012 |publisher=Bureau of Labor Statistics}}</ref> Bugu da kari, karuwar damuwa game da tsaro na yanar gizo ya kara da sanya aikin injiniya na software na kwamfuta sama da matsakaicin ƙaruwa ga dukkan fannoni. Koyaya, wasu ayyukan za a fitar da su a ƙasashen waje. Saboda wannan, ci gaban aiki ba zai kasance da sauri kamar yadda ya kasance a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata ba, kamar yadda ayyukan da za su je ga injiniyoyin software na kwamfuta a Amurka za su je zuwa ga injiniyoyin kwamfuta a ƙasashe kamar Indiya.<ref name="bls.gov">{{Cite web |title=Computer Programmers: Occupational Outlook Handbook |url=http://www.bls.gov/ooh/computer-and-information-technology/computer-programmers.htm |publisher=U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics}}</ref> Bugu da kari, hangen nesa na aikin BLS ga masu shirye-shiryen kwamfuta, shekara ta dubu biyu da sha hudu 2014-24 yana da -8% (ƙetare, a cikin kalmomin su), sannan hangen nesa na aiki, shekara ta dubu biyu da da sha tara 2019-29 na -9% (Retare), sannan raguwar 10% don shekara ta dubu biyu da ashirin da daya 2021-2031 kuma yanzu raguwar 11% don waɗanda ke tsara kwamfutoci (watau tsarin da aka saka) waɗanda ba masu haɓaka aikace-aikacen kwamfuta ba.<ref name="bls.gov" /><ref name="ReferenceA">{{Cite web |title=Computer Programmers : Occupational Outlook Handbook: : U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |url=https://www.bls.gov/ooh/computer-and-information-technology/computer-programmers.htm |website=www.bls.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Archive By Publication : Beyond the Numbers: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |url=https://www.bls.gov/opub/btn/archive/publication.htm#regional-reports |website=www.bls.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=May 10, 2018 |title=The Soon-to-Be-Extinct Embedded Software Engineer |url=https://www.designnews.com/design-hardware-software/soon-be-extinct-embedded-software-engineer |website=designnews.com}}</ref> Bugu da ƙari, mata a fannonin software suna raguwa a tsawon shekaru har ma da sauri fiye da sauran fannonin injiniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=hp's Developer Portal &#124; HP International Women's Week: Women in Computer Science dropping since 1980s |url=https://developers.hp.com/public/blog/hp-international-womens-week-women-computer-science-dropping-1980s |website=developers.hp.com}}</ref> == Yankunan musamman == Akwai fannoni masu yawa na musamman a fagen injiniyan kwamfuta. === Tsarin mai sarrafawa ===   Tsarin ƙirar Mai sarrafawa ya haɗa da zaɓar saitin umarni da wani tsarin kisa (misali VLIW ko RISC) kuma yana haifar da microarchitecture, wanda za'a iya bayyana shi a misali VHDL ko Verilog. Tsarin CPU ya kasu kashi biyu: datapaths (kamar ALU da bututun mai), sashin sarrafawa: dabaru wanda ke sarrafa datapathes, abubuwan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya kamar fayilolin rajista, ɓoyewa, kewayon agogo kamar direbobi na agogo, PLLs, cibiyoyin rarraba agogo, kewayen mai karɓa, ɗakin karatu na ƙofar ƙira wanda ake amfani dashi don aiwatar da ma'anar. === Coding, cryptography, da kariya ta bayanai === [[Fayil:Source_code_in_C.png|thumb|[[C programming language|C]] na tushe da aka rubuta a cikin harshen shirye-shiryen C]] Injiniyoyin kwamfuta suna aiki a cikin ƙididdiga, aikace-aikacen cryptography, da kariya ta bayanai don haɓaka sabbin hanyoyin don kare bayanai daban-daban, kamar hotuna da kiɗa na dijital, raguwa, [[Keta Haƙƙin Mallaka|keta haƙƙin mallaka]] da sauran nau'ikan lalatawa ta hanyar, alal misali, Alamar ruwa ta dijital.<ref name="SCCC">{{Cite web |title=Computer Engineering Overview |url=http://www.careercornerstone.org/pdf/compeng/compeng.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120916035940/http://www.careercornerstone.org/pdf/compeng/compeng.pdf |archive-date=September 16, 2012 |access-date=July 20, 2012 |publisher=Sloan Career Cornerstone Center}}</ref> === Sadarwa da hanyoyin sadarwa marasa waya ===   Wadanda ke mai da hankali kan sadarwa da hanyoyin sadarwar, ci gaban aiki a cikin tsarin sadarwa da hanyoyin sadarwa, gyare-gyare da sarrafa kuskure, da ka'idar bayanai. Tsarin cibiyar sadarwa mai saurin gudu, murkushe tsangwama da gyare-gyare, ƙira, da nazarin Tsarin jure kuskuren, da adanawa da watsawa duk wani ɓangare ne na wannan ƙwarewa.<ref name="SCCC"/> === Masu tarawa da tsarin aiki ===   [[Fayil:Windows10abstract.png|thumb|Windows 10, misali na tsarin aiki]] Wannan ƙwarewar tana mai da hankali kan [[Compiler|masu tarawa]] da tsarin aiki da ƙirar da ci gaba. Injiniyoyi a wannan fagen suna haɓaka sabbin tsare-tsare da aiki, dabarun nazarin shirye-shirye, da sabbin dabarun don tabbatar da inganci. Misalan aiki a wannan fagen sun haɗa da ci gaban algorithm na sauyawar lambar-lokaci da ci gaban sabon tsarin aiki.<ref name="SCCC"/> === Kimiyya da injiniya na kwamfuta ===   Kimiyya da injiniya na lissafi na zamin. A cewar Cibiyar "Sloan Career Cornerstone", mutane da ke aiki a wannan yanki, "an yi amfani da hanyoyin lissafi don tabbatar da tsarawa da warware matsalolin lissafi masu rikitarwa a cikin injiniya da kimiyyar jiki da zamantakewa. Misalan sun haɗa da ƙirar jirgin sama, sarrafa plasma na siffofin nanometer a kan wafers na semiconductor, ƙirar da'irar "VLSI", tsarin gano radar, jigilar ion ta hanyar tashoshin halittu, da sauransu. "<ref name="SCCC"/> === Cibiyoyin sadarwa na kwamfuta, kwamfuta mai kwakwalwa, da tsarin rarraba ===   A cikin wannan ƙwarewa, injiniyoyi suna gina mahalli masu haɗin kai don lissafi, sadarwa, da samun damar bayanai. Misalan sun haɗa da cibiyoyin sadarwar mara waya na tashar, Gudanar da albarkatun daidaitawa a cikin tsarin daban-daban, da inganta ingancin sabis a cikin yanayin wayar hannu da katin ciran kudi wato da ake amfani da shi gun cire kudi a wajen banaki ATM sanna kuma a yau an kawo lokacin da akwai POS naurar da ake amfani dashi kun cire kudi a mafi saukin hanya. Wasu wasu misalai sun haɗa da aiki a kan Tsarin cibiyar sadarwa mara waya da tsarin waya mai sauri na Ethernet.<ref name="SCCC"/> === Tsarin kwamfuta: gine-gine, aiki tare, da dogaro === [[Fayil:Intel_80486DX2_bottom.jpg|thumb|Misali na CPU na kwamfuta]] Injiniyoyi da ke aiki a akan tsarin kwamfuta suna aiki a kan ayyukan bincike waɗanda ke ba da dama amintacce, amintaccen tsarin kwamfuta mai inganci. Ayyuka irin su tsara masu sarrafawa don Multi-threading da aiki tare an haɗa su a cikin wannan fagen. Sauran misalai na aiki a wannan fagen sun haɗa da ci gaban sabbin ra'ayoyi, algorithms, da sauran kayan aikin da ke ƙara aiki ga tsarin kwamfuta.<ref name="SCCC"/> Gine-gine na kwamfuta ya haɗa da ƙirar fasahar kwakwalwar kwamfuta da ake kira da "CPU", tsarin matsayi na cache, Ƙungiyar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, da daidaita nauyin kaya. === Ra'ayi na kwamfuta da robotics === [[Fayil:Humanoid_Robot_(1)_ITB_2017.JPG|thumb|Misali na mutum-mutumi]] A cikin wannan fannin na ƙwarewa, injiniyoyin kwamfuta suna mai da hankali kan haɓaka fasahar jin gani don jin yanayin, wakiltar muhalli, da sarrafa muhalli. Ana aiwatar da bayanan da aka tattara na uku don yin ayyuka daban-daban. Wadannan sun hada da ingantaccen samfurin mutum da ake kira "Robot" mutum-mutumi, sadarwa ta hoto, da kuma haɗin mutum da kwamfuta, da kuma na'urori kamar kyamarori masu amfani na musamman tare da na'urorin gani masu amfani.<ref name="SCCC"/> === Tsarin da aka saka === [[Fayil:Oxygen_devices.svg|alt=|thumb|Misalan na'urorin da ke amfani da tsarin da aka saka]] Mutanen da ke aiki a wannan yanki fasahar ƙira don haɓaka saurin da ake bukata kwamfuta yayi, amintacce, da aikin tsarin. Ana samun tsarin da aka saka a cikin na'urori da yawa daga ƙaramin rediyo na FM wanda keda saukin amfani da komwa domin jamaa su saurari shirin gidan redio zuwa jirgin dake zuwa sararin samaniya. A cewar Cibiyar Ayyuka ta Sloan Cornerstone, ci gaba da ci gaba a cikin tsarin da aka saka sun haɗa da "''motoci da kayan aiki na atomatik don gudanar da bincike da ceto, tsarin sufuri na atomatik, da daidaitawar mutum-robot don gyara kayan aiki a sararin samaniya.'' " <ref name="SCCC"/> Ya zuwa shekara ta dubu biyu da sha takwas 2018 , ƙwarewar tsarin da aka sanya na kwamfuta sun haɗa da tsarin tsarin-a-chip, gine-ginen ƙididdigar gefen da Intanet na abubuwa. === Da'irori masu hadin kai, ƙirar VLSI, gwaji da CAD === Wannan ƙwarewar injiniyan kwamfuta tana buƙatar isasshen ilimin lantarki da tsarin yadda ake sarrafa lantarki. Injiniyoyi da ke aiki a wannan fanni suna aiki akan inganta saurin na'urar da samun amincewa, da ingancin makamashi na ƙarni na gaba da keɓaɓɓen ƙira (VLSI) da kuma microsystems. Misali na wannan ƙwarewa shine aikin da aka yi akan rage amfani da wutar lantarki na algorithms na VLSI da gine-gine.<ref name="SCCC"/> [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] == Manazarta == 9zarmjypgdgz48ciespqcvm8ow2qn32 826272 826271 2026-04-25T16:46:02Z AYM8818 11892 Gyara 826272 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   {{Infobox occupation|employment_field=Science, technology, engineering, industry, computer, exploration|type=[[Engineering]]|official_names=Computer engineer|competencies=Technical knowledge, hardware design, software design|specialty=Hardware engineering, software engineering, software programming, robotics, networking|activity_sector=Telecommunications, technology industry, engineering industry}} '''[[Injinia.|injiniya]] kwamfuta''' ('''CE''', '''CoE''', '''CpE''', ko '''CompE''') reshe ne na injiniya wanda ke da ƙwarewa wajen haɓaka kayan aikin kwamfuta da [[Software|sobtwe]].{{Efn|Before the era of computers, C.E. could also mean "[[Chartered (professional)|Chartered]] Engineer"; "inst. CE" would have meant "[[Institution of Civil Engineers]]".}}<ref>{{Cite book|last3=IEEE Computer Society|last2=Association for Computing Machinery}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last3=IEEE Computer Society|last2=Association for Computing Machinery}}</ref> Ya haɗa fannoni da yawa na Injiniyan lantarki, injiniyan lantarki da kimiyyar kwamfuta. Ana iya kiran aikin injiniya na kwamfuta a matsayin ''Injiniyan lantarki da Kwamfuta'' ko ''Kimiyya da Injiniya na Kwamfuta'' a wasu jami'o'i. Injiniyoyin kwamfuta suna buƙatar horo a cikin haɗin kayan aiki, ƙirar manhajan sobwe, da [[Injiniyan software|Injiniyan sobtwe]]. Zai iya kunshe da yankuna kamar electromagnetism, artificial intelligence (AI), [[Robotics]]" id="mwMw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Robotics">robotics, cibiyoyin sadarwa na kwamfuta, gine-ginen kwamfuta da tsarin aiki. Injiniyoyin kwamfuta suna da hannu a fannoni da yawa na kayan aiki da sobtwe na lissafi, daga ƙirar microcontrollers, microprocessors, kwamfutocin mutum, da supercomputers, zuwa ƙirar da'ira. Wannan fagen injiniya ba wai kawai yana mai da hankali kan yadda Tsarin kwamfuta da kansu ke aiki ba ne kawai, har ma da yadda za a haɗa su cikin hoto mafi girma ta yadda za'a iya iya amfani dashi kuma ya amfanar.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Trinity College Dublin |title=What is Computer System Engineering |url=http://www.tcd.ie/Engineering/about/what_is_eng/computer_eng_intro.html |access-date=April 21, 2006}} "Computer engineers need not only to understand how computer systems themselves work but also how they integrate into the larger picture. Consider the car. A modern car contains many separate computer systems for controlling such things as the engine timing, the brakes, and the airbags. To be able to design and implement such a car, the computer engineer needs a broad theoretical understanding of all these various subsystems & how they interact.</ref> Robotics yana daya daga cikin aikace-aikacen injiniyan kwamfuta. Injiniyan kwamfuta yawanci suna hulɗa da yankuna ciki har da rubuce-rubuce sobtwe da firmware don microcontrollers da aka sakawa, tsara kwakwalwa VLSI, [[Sensor|na'urori masu auna sigina]], allon da aka haɗu da sigina, thermodynamics da tsarin sarrafawa. Injiniyoyin kwamfuta sun dace da binciken robotics, wato sakago wanda ya dogara sosai akan amfani da tsarin dijital don sarrafawa da saka idanu kan tsarin lantarki kamar motoci, sadarwa, da [[Sensor|na'urori masu auna sigina]]. A cibiyoyin ilimi mafi girma da yawa, ana ba da damar Daliban injiniya kwamfuta su zaɓi wuraren zurfin karatu a cikin ƙarami da manyan shekarunsu saboda cikakken faɗin ilimin da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin ƙira da aikace-aikacen kwamfutoci ya wuce iyakar digiri na farko. Sauran cibiyoyin na iya bada buƙatar ɗaliban injiniya su kammala shekara ɗaya ko biyu na aikin [[Injinia.|injiniya gaba ɗaya]] kafin su ayyana aikin injiniya na kwamfuta a matsayin babban abin da suka fi mayar da hankali.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Changing Majors @ Clemson |url=http://www.registrar.clemson.edu/html/changeMjr_Curr.htm |access-date=September 20, 2011 |publisher=Clemson University}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Declaring a College of Engineering Major |url=http://freshmanengineering.uark.edu/2041.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141012182736/http://freshmanengineering.uark.edu/2041.php |archive-date=October 12, 2014 |access-date=September 20, 2011 |publisher=University of Arkansas}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Degree Requirements |url=http://www.cmu.edu/me/undergraduate/degree-requirements.html |access-date=September 20, 2011 |publisher=Carnegie Mellon University}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Programas de Materias |url=http://www.uca.edu.ar/index.php/site/index/es/uca/facultad-de-ciencias-fisicomatematicas-e-ingenieria/alumnos/programas-de-materias/cc1y2/ |publisher=Universidad Católica Argentina |language=es}}</ref> [[Fayil:Dell_Dimension_C521_Motherboard.jpg|thumb|Wannan kwamfuta motherboard da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin Kwamfuta ta mutum shine sakamakon kokarin injiniyan kwamfuta.]] == Tarihi == [[Fayil:Babbage_Difference_Engine.jpg|thumb|Injin Bambanci, kwamfuta ta farko ta inji]] [[Fayil:Glen_Beck_and_Betty_Snyder_program_the_ENIAC_in_building_328_at_the_Ballistic_Research_Laboratory.jpg|thumb|ENIAC, kwamfutar lantarki ta farko]] Injiniyan kwamfuta ya fara ne a shekar ta alif dari tara da talatinn da tara 1939 lokacin da John Vincent Atanasoff da Clifford Berry suka fara bunkasa kwamfutar lantarki ta farko a duniya ta hanyar kimiyyar [[lissafi]], lissafi, da injiniyan lantarki. John Vincent Atanasoff ya taɓa zama malamin kimiyyar lissafi da lissafi a Jami'ar Jihar Iowa kuma Clifford Berry tsohon digiri ne a ƙarƙashin injiniyan lantarki da kimiyyar kimiyya. Tare, sun kirkiro kwamfutar Atanasoff-Berry, wanda aka fi sani da ABC wanda ya ɗauki shekaru biyar don kammalawa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=John Vincent Atanasoff - the father of the computer |url=http://www.columbia.edu/~td2177/JVAtanasoff/JVAtanasoff.html |access-date=2017-12-05 |website=www.columbia.edu}}</ref> Yayinda aka rushe ABC na asali kuma aka watsar da shi a cikin shekarun alif dari tara da arba'in1940, an ba da haraji ga masu kirkiro; an yi kwatankwacin ABC a cikin shekaran alif dari tara da casa'in da bakwai 1997, inda ya ɗauki ƙungiyar masu bincike da injiniyoyi shekaru huɗu da $ 350,000 don ginawa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iowa State replica of first electronic digital computer going to Computer History Museum - News Service - Iowa State University |url=https://www.news.iastate.edu/news/2009/dec/abc |access-date=2017-12-05 |website=www.news.iastate.edu |language=en-us |archive-date=2019-04-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190421074358/https://www.news.iastate.edu/news/2009/dec/ABC |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kwamfuta ta zamani ta fito ne a cikin shekarun alif dari tara da saba'in 1970s, bayan nasarori da yawa a cikin fasahar semiconductor. Wadannan sun hada da [[Tranzista|transistor]] na farko da William Shockley, John Bardeen da Walter Brattain suka yi a Bell Labs a cikin shekara alif dari tara da arba'in da bakwai 1947, <ref>{{Cite web |title=1947: Invention of the Point-Contact Transistor |url=https://www.computerhistory.org/siliconengine/invention-of-the-point-contact-transistor/ |access-date=9 October 2019 |website=The Silicon Engine |publisher=[[Computer History Museum]]}}</ref> a cikin shekarar alid dari tara da hamsin da biyar 1955, silicon dioxide surface passivation da Carl Frosch da Lincoln Derick suka yi, transistors na farko na silicon dioxide da Frosch and Derick a cikin shekarar alif dari tara da hamsin da bakwai 1957, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Frosch |first=C. J. |last2=Derick |first2=L |date=1957 |title=Surface Protection and Selective Masking during Diffusion in Silicon |url=https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1149/1.2428650 |journal=Journal of the Electrochemical Society |language=en |volume=104 |issue=9 |pages=547 |doi=10.1149/1.2428650 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> tsarin tsarin tsarin da Jean Hoerni, da aka haɗa da Robert Noyce a Fairchild Semiconductor a cikin chip Fairchild, da Mas Mas Mas MasatosHET da Stanley suka nuna a filin tasirin transistor (MOS) a cikin Ford, ko MOS) <ref name="computerhistory1971">{{Cite web |title=1971: Microprocessor Integrates CPU Function onto a Single Chip |url=https://www.computerhistory.org/siliconengine/microprocessor-integrates-cpu-function-onto-a-single-chip/ |access-date=22 July 2019 |website=[[Computer History Museum]]}}</ref> === Tarihin ilimin injiniyan kwamfuta === Shirin digiri na farko na injiniyan kwamfuta a Amurka an kafa shi ne a shekarar alif dari tara da sabain da daya 1971 a Jami'ar Case Western Reserve da ke [[Cleveland]], [[Ohio (jiha)|Ohio]]. Ya zuwa shekara dubu biyu da sha biyar 2015, akwai shirye-shiryen injiniyan kwamfuta 250 da aka amince da su a Amurka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Find an ABET-Accredited Program {{!}} ABET |url=http://main.abet.org/aps/accreditedprogramsearch.aspx |access-date=2015-11-29 |website=main.abet.org}}</ref> A Turai, hukumomi da yawa suna ba da izini ga makarantun injiniyan kwamfuta a matsayin wani ɓangare na cibiyar sadarwa ta EQANIE. Saboda karuwar buƙatun aiki ga injiniyoyi waɗanda zasu iya tsara kayan aiki, [[software]], firmware, da sarrafa duk nau'ikan tsarin kwamfuta da aka yi amfani da su a masana'antu, wasu cibiyoyin sakandare a duniya suna ba da digiri na farko da ake kira injiniyan kwamfuta. Dukkanin shirye-shiryen injiniyan kwamfuta da na Injiniyan lantarki sun haɗa da ƙirar kewayon analog da dijital a cikin tsarin karatun su. Kamar yadda yake tare da mafi yawan fannonin injiniya, samun cikakken ilimin [[lissafi]] da kimiyya ya zama dole ga injiniyoyin kwamfuta. == Ilimi == Ana kiran aikin injiniya na kwamfuta a matsayin kimiyyar kwamfuta da injiniya a wasu sanannu da shahararun jamio'i a duniya tun daga wa'incan lokutan. Yawancin ayyukan injiniyan kwamfuta na matakin shigarwa suna buƙatar aƙalla digiri na farko a cikin injiniyan kwamfutar, injiniyan lantarki ko kimiyyar kwamfuta. Yawanci dole ne mutum ya koyi jerin [[lissafi]] kamar [[Calculus|lissafi]], lissafin layi da daidaitattun bambance-bambance, tare da kimiyyar kwamfuta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=January 8, 2024 |title=Erik Jonsson School of Engineering and Computer Science |url=https://engineering.utdallas.edu/academics/undergraduate-majors/undergrad-advising/current-students/ |website=The University of Texas at Dallas}}</ref> Digiri a cikin Injiniyan lantarki ko lantarki sun isa saboda kamanceceniyar filayen biyu. Saboda injiniyoyin kayan aiki suna aiki tare da tsarin software na kwamfuta, tushen tushe mai ƙarfi a cikin shirye-shiryen kwamfuta ya zama dole. A cewar BLS, "babban injiniyan kwamfuta yayi kama da injiniyan lantarki amma tare da wasu darussan kimiyyar kwamfuta da aka kara a cikin tsarin karatun".<ref name="CHE">{{Cite web |date=January 8, 2014 |title=Computer Hardware Engineers |url=http://www.bls.gov/ooh/architecture-and-engineering/computer-hardware-engineers.htm |access-date=July 20, 2012 |publisher=Bureau of Labor Statistics}}</ref> Wasu manyan kamfanoni ko ayyuka na musamman suna buƙatar digiri na biyu. Har ila yau, yana da mahimmanci sosai ga injiniyoyin kwamfuta su ci gaba da sauri a cikin [[Fasaha|fasahar zamani]]. Saboda haka, mutane da yawa suna ci gaba da koyo a duk lokacin da suke aiki. Wannan na iya taimakawa, musamman idan ya zo ga koyon sabbin ƙwarewa ko inganta waɗanda ke akwai. Misali, yayin da farashin dangi na gyara kwari ke ƙaruwa yayin da yake cikin tsarin ci gaban software, ana iya samun adadi mai yawa wanda aka danganta shi da haɓaka da gwaji don lambar inganci da wuri-wuri a cikin tsari, musamman kafin a saki.<ref name="The cost of fixing a bug">{{Cite web |title=Feabhas_Infographic_FINAL |url=http://www.feabhas.com/sites/default/files/uploads/News/Feabhas_Infographic_FINAL.pdf |website=feabhas}}</ref> === Ayyuka === Mutumin da ke da sana'a a aikin injiniya na kwamfuta ana kiransa injiniyan kwamfuta. {| class="wikitable" !Taken !Gabatarwa !Suffix !Abubuwan da ake bukata |- |Injiniyan kwamfuta |[Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9] |CpE |Ya sami digiri a fannin injiniyan kwamfuta <small>Cibiyar: Cibiyar Ilimi (kamar kwalejoji, jami'o'i) </small> |- |Injiniyan kwamfuta mai ƙwarewa |[Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9] |CCpE |Ya wuce jarrabawar takardar shaidar a cikin injiniyan kwamfuta Cibiyar: Cibiyar masu zaman kansu (kamar kungiyoyin injiniyan kwamfutar da kamfanoni masu zaman kansu) <small>Cibiyar: Cibiyar masu zaman kansu (kamar kungiyoyin injiniyan kwamfuta da kamfanoni masu zaman kansu) </small> |- |Injiniyan kwamfuta mai rijista |[Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9] |RCpE |Ya wuce jarrabawar lasisi a cikin aikin injiniya na kwamfuta <small>Cibiyar: Cibiyar Jama'a (kamar Hukumar Kula da Kasa) </small> |- |Kwararren injiniyan kwamfuta |[Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9] |PCpE |Ya wuce jarrabawar kwararru a aikin injiniya na kwamfuta, ko kwarewar aiki <small>Cibiyar: Cibiyar Jama'a ko Masu zaman kansu</small> |- | colspan="4" |<small>''*yana iya bambanta a yankin da ƙasa.''</small> |} == Aikace-aikace da aiki ==   Akwai manyan abubuwan da aka mayar da hankali a cikin injiniyan kwamfuta: kayan aiki da software. === Injiniyan kayan aikin kwamfuta ===   Dangane da Amurka BLS, aikin hangen aiki ga injiniyoyin kayan aikin kwamfuta, haɓakar shekaru goma daga shekarabta dubu biyu da sha tara 2019 zuwa ta dubu biyu da ashirin da tara 2029 don injiniyan kayan aikin kwamfuta an kiyasta 2% da jimillar ayyuka 71,100. (" ''Slower fiye da matsakaita'' " a nasu kalmomin idan aka kwatanta da sauran sana'o'i)" <ref name="hweng">{{Cite web |title=Computer Hardware Engineers: Occupational Outlook Handbook |url=http://www.bls.gov/ooh/architecture-and-engineering/computer-hardware-engineers.htm |publisher=U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics}}</ref> Wannan shi ne raguwa daga shekara ta dubu biyu da sha hudu 2014 zuwa 2024 BLS injiniya hardware kiyasin na 3% da jimillar 77,700 jobs; " ''kuma ya ragu daga 7% na 2012 zuwa 2022 BLS kimanta kuma yana cikin 1% zuwa 902 BLS kimanta kuma yana cikin 002002 BLS kimanta.'' " <ref name="hweng" /> A yau, kayan aikin kwamfuta sun ɗan yi daidai zuwa lantarki da injiniyan kwamfuta (ECE) kuma an raba shi zuwa sassa da yawa, mafi mahimmanci. ana shigar da tsarin ƙirar . <ref name="CHE"/> === Injiniyan software na kwamfuta === A cewar Ofishin Labaran Ayyuka na Amurka (BLS), "an tsara injiniyoyin software na aikace-aikacen kwamfuta da injiniyoyin software ɗin tsarin kwamfuta su kasance daga cikin masu saurin girma fiye da matsakaicin ayyukan da ke girma". Ci gaban da ake tsammani na shekaru goma tun daga shekarar dubu biyu da sha hudu 2014 don injiniyan software na kwamfuta an kiyasta kashi goma sha bakwai kuma akwai jimlar ayyuka 1,114,000 a wannan shekarar.<ref name="softdev">{{Cite web |title=Software Developers: Occupational Outlook Handbook |url=http://www.bls.gov/ooh/computer-and-information-technology/software-developers.htm |publisher=U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics}}</ref> Wannan ya sauka daga shekara ta dubu biyu da sha biyu 2012 zuwa ta dubu biyu da ashirin da biyu 2022 BLS kimantawa na 22% ga masu haɓaka software. <ref name="softdev" /> <ref name="C.S.E.">{{Cite web |date=March 19, 2010 |title=Computer Software Engineer |url=http://www.bls.gov/k12/computers04.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130726002354/http://www.bls.gov/k12/computers04.htm |archive-date=July 26, 2013 |access-date=July 20, 2012 |publisher=Bureau of Labor Statistics}}</ref> Kuma, ya kara sauka daga ƙididdigar BLS ta 30% zuwa shekara ta dubu biyu da ashirin 2020.<ref name="CSE2">{{Cite web |date=January 8, 2014 |title=Software Developers |url=http://www.bls.gov/ooh/computer-and-information-technology/software-developers.htm |access-date=July 21, 2012 |publisher=Bureau of Labor Statistics}}</ref> Bugu da kari, karuwar damuwa game da tsaro na yanar gizo ya kara da sanya aikin injiniya na software na kwamfuta sama da matsakaicin ƙaruwa ga dukkan fannoni. Koyaya, wasu ayyukan za a fitar da su a ƙasashen waje. Saboda wannan, ci gaban aiki ba zai kasance da sauri kamar yadda ya kasance a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata ba, kamar yadda ayyukan da za su je ga injiniyoyin software na kwamfuta a Amurka za su je zuwa ga injiniyoyin kwamfuta a ƙasashe kamar Indiya.<ref name="bls.gov">{{Cite web |title=Computer Programmers: Occupational Outlook Handbook |url=http://www.bls.gov/ooh/computer-and-information-technology/computer-programmers.htm |publisher=U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics}}</ref> Bugu da kari, hangen nesa na aikin BLS ga masu shirye-shiryen kwamfuta, shekara ta dubu biyu da sha hudu 2014-24 yana da -8% (ƙetare, a cikin kalmomin su), sannan hangen nesa na aiki, shekara ta dubu biyu da da sha tara 2019-29 na -9% (Retare), sannan raguwar 10% don shekara ta dubu biyu da ashirin da daya 2021-2031 kuma yanzu raguwar 11% don waɗanda ke tsara kwamfutoci (watau tsarin da aka saka) waɗanda ba masu haɓaka aikace-aikacen kwamfuta ba.<ref name="bls.gov" /><ref name="ReferenceA">{{Cite web |title=Computer Programmers : Occupational Outlook Handbook: : U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |url=https://www.bls.gov/ooh/computer-and-information-technology/computer-programmers.htm |website=www.bls.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Archive By Publication : Beyond the Numbers: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |url=https://www.bls.gov/opub/btn/archive/publication.htm#regional-reports |website=www.bls.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=May 10, 2018 |title=The Soon-to-Be-Extinct Embedded Software Engineer |url=https://www.designnews.com/design-hardware-software/soon-be-extinct-embedded-software-engineer |website=designnews.com}}</ref> Bugu da ƙari, mata a fannonin software suna raguwa a tsawon shekaru har ma da sauri fiye da sauran fannonin injiniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=hp's Developer Portal &#124; HP International Women's Week: Women in Computer Science dropping since 1980s |url=https://developers.hp.com/public/blog/hp-international-womens-week-women-computer-science-dropping-1980s |website=developers.hp.com}}</ref> == Yankunan musamman == Akwai fannoni masu yawa na musamman a fagen injiniyan kwamfuta. === Tsarin mai sarrafawa ===   Tsarin ƙirar Mai sarrafawa ya haɗa da zaɓar saitin umarni da wani tsarin kisa (misali VLIW ko RISC) kuma yana haifar da microarchitecture, wanda za'a iya bayyana shi a misali VHDL ko Verilog. Tsarin CPU ya kasu kashi biyu: datapaths (kamar ALU da bututun mai), sashin sarrafawa: dabaru wanda ke sarrafa datapathes, abubuwan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya kamar fayilolin rajista, ɓoyewa, kewayon agogo kamar direbobi na agogo, PLLs, cibiyoyin rarraba agogo, kewayen mai karɓa, ɗakin karatu na ƙofar ƙira wanda ake amfani dashi don aiwatar da ma'anar. === Coding, cryptography, da kariya ta bayanai === [[Fayil:Source_code_in_C.png|thumb|[[C programming language|C]] na tushe da aka rubuta a cikin harshen shirye-shiryen C]] Injiniyoyin kwamfuta suna aiki a cikin ƙididdiga, aikace-aikacen cryptography, da kariya ta bayanai don haɓaka sabbin hanyoyin don kare bayanai daban-daban, kamar hotuna da kiɗa na dijital, raguwa, [[Keta Haƙƙin Mallaka|keta haƙƙin mallaka]] da sauran nau'ikan lalatawa ta hanyar, alal misali, Alamar ruwa ta dijital.<ref name="SCCC">{{Cite web |title=Computer Engineering Overview |url=http://www.careercornerstone.org/pdf/compeng/compeng.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120916035940/http://www.careercornerstone.org/pdf/compeng/compeng.pdf |archive-date=September 16, 2012 |access-date=July 20, 2012 |publisher=Sloan Career Cornerstone Center}}</ref> === Sadarwa da hanyoyin sadarwa marasa waya ===   Wadanda ke mai da hankali kan sadarwa da hanyoyin sadarwar, ci gaban aiki a cikin tsarin sadarwa da hanyoyin sadarwa, gyare-gyare da sarrafa kuskure, da ka'idar bayanai. Tsarin cibiyar sadarwa mai saurin gudu, murkushe tsangwama da gyare-gyare, ƙira, da nazarin Tsarin jure kuskuren, da adanawa da watsawa duk wani ɓangare ne na wannan ƙwarewa.<ref name="SCCC"/> === Masu tarawa da tsarin aiki ===   [[Fayil:Windows10abstract.png|thumb|Windows 10, misali na tsarin aiki]] Wannan ƙwarewar tana mai da hankali kan [[Compiler|masu tarawa]] da tsarin aiki da ƙirar da ci gaba. Injiniyoyi a wannan fagen suna haɓaka sabbin tsare-tsare da aiki, dabarun nazarin shirye-shirye, da sabbin dabarun don tabbatar da inganci. Misalan aiki a wannan fagen sun haɗa da ci gaban algorithm na sauyawar lambar-lokaci da ci gaban sabon tsarin aiki.<ref name="SCCC"/> === Kimiyya da injiniya na kwamfuta ===   Kimiyya da injiniya na lissafi na zamin. A cewar Cibiyar "Sloan Career Cornerstone", mutane da ke aiki a wannan yanki, "an yi amfani da hanyoyin lissafi don tabbatar da tsarawa da warware matsalolin lissafi masu rikitarwa a cikin injiniya da kimiyyar jiki da zamantakewa. Misalan sun haɗa da ƙirar jirgin sama, sarrafa plasma na siffofin nanometer a kan wafers na semiconductor, ƙirar da'irar "VLSI", tsarin gano radar, jigilar ion ta hanyar tashoshin halittu, da sauransu. "<ref name="SCCC"/> === Cibiyoyin sadarwa na kwamfuta, kwamfuta mai kwakwalwa, da tsarin rarraba ===   A cikin wannan ƙwarewa, injiniyoyi suna gina mahalli masu haɗin kai don lissafi, sadarwa, da samun damar bayanai. Misalan sun haɗa da cibiyoyin sadarwar mara waya na tashar, Gudanar da albarkatun daidaitawa a cikin tsarin daban-daban, da inganta ingancin sabis a cikin yanayin wayar hannu da katin ciran kudi wato da ake amfani da shi gun cire kudi a wajen banaki ATM sanna kuma a yau an kawo lokacin da akwai POS naurar da ake amfani dashi kun cire kudi a mafi saukin hanya. Wasu wasu misalai sun haɗa da aiki a kan Tsarin cibiyar sadarwa mara waya da tsarin waya mai sauri na Ethernet.<ref name="SCCC"/> === Tsarin kwamfuta: gine-gine, aiki tare, da dogaro === [[Fayil:Intel_80486DX2_bottom.jpg|thumb|Misali na CPU na kwamfuta]] Injiniyoyi da ke aiki a akan tsarin kwamfuta suna aiki a kan ayyukan bincike waɗanda ke ba da dama amintacce, amintaccen tsarin kwamfuta mai inganci. Ayyuka irin su tsara masu sarrafawa don Multi-threading da aiki tare an haɗa su a cikin wannan fagen. Sauran misalai na aiki a wannan fagen sun haɗa da ci gaban sabbin ra'ayoyi, algorithms, da sauran kayan aikin da ke ƙara aiki ga tsarin kwamfuta.<ref name="SCCC"/> Gine-gine na kwamfuta ya haɗa da ƙirar fasahar kwakwalwar kwamfuta da ake kira da "CPU", tsarin matsayi na cache, Ƙungiyar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, da daidaita nauyin kaya. === Ra'ayi na kwamfuta da robotics === [[Fayil:Humanoid_Robot_(1)_ITB_2017.JPG|thumb|Misali na mutum-mutumi]] A cikin wannan fannin na ƙwarewa, injiniyoyin kwamfuta suna mai da hankali kan haɓaka fasahar jin gani don jin yanayin, wakiltar muhalli, da sarrafa muhalli. Ana aiwatar da bayanan da aka tattara na uku don yin ayyuka daban-daban. Wadannan sun hada da ingantaccen samfurin mutum da ake kira "Robot" mutum-mutumi, sadarwa ta hoto, da kuma haɗin mutum da kwamfuta, da kuma na'urori kamar kyamarori masu amfani na musamman tare da na'urorin gani masu amfani.<ref name="SCCC"/> === Tsarin da aka saka === [[Fayil:Oxygen_devices.svg|alt=|thumb|Misalan na'urorin da ke amfani da tsarin da aka saka]] Mutanen da ke aiki a wannan yanki fasahar ƙira don haɓaka saurin da ake bukata kwamfuta yayi, amintacce, da aikin tsarin. Ana samun tsarin da aka saka a cikin na'urori da yawa daga ƙaramin rediyo na FM wanda keda saukin amfani da komwa domin jamaa su saurari shirin gidan redio zuwa jirgin dake zuwa sararin samaniya. A cewar Cibiyar Ayyuka ta Sloan Cornerstone, ci gaba da ci gaba a cikin tsarin da aka saka sun haɗa da "''motoci da kayan aiki na atomatik don gudanar da bincike da ceto, tsarin sufuri na atomatik, da daidaitawar mutum-robot don gyara kayan aiki a sararin samaniya.'' " <ref name="SCCC"/> Ya zuwa shekara ta dubu biyu da sha takwas 2018 , ƙwarewar tsarin da aka sanya na kwamfuta sun haɗa da tsarin tsarin-a-chip, gine-ginen ƙididdigar gefen da Intanet na abubuwa. === Da'irori masu hadin kai, ƙirar VLSI, gwaji da CAD === Wannan ƙwarewar injiniyan kwamfuta tana buƙatar isasshen ilimin lantarki da tsarin yadda ake sarrafa lantarki. Injiniyoyi da ke aiki a wannan fanni suna aiki akan inganta saurin na'urar da samun amincewa, da ingancin makamashi na ƙarni na gaba da keɓaɓɓen ƙira (VLSI) da kuma microsystems. Misali na wannan ƙwarewa shine aikin da aka yi akan rage amfani da wutar lantarki na algorithms na VLSI da gine-gine.<ref name="SCCC"/> [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] == Manazarta == 3m33d4s5bgmeywdekyf8egwxujr5o80 826273 826272 2026-04-25T16:47:48Z AYM8818 11892 Gyara 826273 wikitext text/x-wiki '''[[Injinia.|injiniya]] kwamfuta''' ('''CE''', '''CoE''', '''CpE''', ko '''CompE''') reshe ne na injiniya wanda ke da ƙwarewa wajen haɓaka kayan aikin kwamfuta da [[Software|sobtwe]].{{Efn|Before the era of computers, C.E. could also mean "[[Chartered (professional)|Chartered]] Engineer"; "inst. CE" would have meant "[[Institution of Civil Engineers]]".}}<ref>{{Cite book|last3=IEEE Computer Society|last2=Association for Computing Machinery}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last3=IEEE Computer Society|last2=Association for Computing Machinery}}</ref> Ya haɗa fannoni da yawa na Injiniyan lantarki, injiniyan lantarki da kimiyyar kwamfuta. Ana iya kiran aikin injiniya na kwamfuta a matsayin ''Injiniyan lantarki da Kwamfuta'' ko ''Kimiyya da Injiniya na Kwamfuta'' a wasu jami'o'i. Injiniyoyin kwamfuta suna buƙatar horo a cikin haɗin kayan aiki, ƙirar manhajan sobwe, da [[Injiniyan software|Injiniyan sobtwe]]. Zai iya kunshe da yankuna kamar electromagnetism, artificial intelligence (AI), robotics, cibiyoyin sadarwa na kwamfuta, gine-ginen kwamfuta da tsarin aiki. Injiniyoyin kwamfuta suna da hannu a fannoni da yawa na kayan aiki da sobtwe na lissafi, daga ƙirar microcontrollers, microprocessors, kwamfutocin mutum, da supercomputers, zuwa ƙirar da'ira. Wannan fagen injiniya ba wai kawai yana mai da hankali kan yadda Tsarin kwamfuta da kansu ke aiki ba ne kawai, har ma da yadda za a haɗa su cikin hoto mafi girma ta yadda za'a iya iya amfani dashi kuma ya amfanar.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Trinity College Dublin |title=What is Computer System Engineering |url=http://www.tcd.ie/Engineering/about/what_is_eng/computer_eng_intro.html |access-date=April 21, 2006}} "Computer engineers need not only to understand how computer systems themselves work but also how they integrate into the larger picture. Consider the car. A modern car contains many separate computer systems for controlling such things as the engine timing, the brakes, and the airbags. To be able to design and implement such a car, the computer engineer needs a broad theoretical understanding of all these various subsystems & how they interact.</ref> Robotics yana daya daga cikin aikace-aikacen injiniyan kwamfuta. Injiniyan kwamfuta yawanci suna hulɗa da yankuna ciki har da rubuce-rubuce sobtwe da firmware don microcontrollers da aka sakawa, tsara kwakwalwa VLSI, [[Sensor|na'urori masu auna sigina]], allon da aka haɗu da sigina, thermodynamics da tsarin sarrafawa. Injiniyoyin kwamfuta sun dace da binciken robotics, wato sakago wanda ya dogara sosai akan amfani da tsarin dijital don sarrafawa da saka idanu kan tsarin lantarki kamar motoci, sadarwa, da [[Sensor|na'urori masu auna sigina]]. A cibiyoyin ilimi mafi girma da yawa, ana ba da damar Daliban injiniya kwamfuta su zaɓi wuraren zurfin karatu a cikin ƙarami da manyan shekarunsu saboda cikakken faɗin ilimin da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin ƙira da aikace-aikacen kwamfutoci ya wuce iyakar digiri na farko. Sauran cibiyoyin na iya bada buƙatar ɗaliban injiniya su kammala shekara ɗaya ko biyu na aikin [[Injinia.|injiniya gaba ɗaya]] kafin su ayyana aikin injiniya na kwamfuta a matsayin babban abin da suka fi mayar da hankali.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Changing Majors @ Clemson |url=http://www.registrar.clemson.edu/html/changeMjr_Curr.htm |access-date=September 20, 2011 |publisher=Clemson University}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Declaring a College of Engineering Major |url=http://freshmanengineering.uark.edu/2041.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141012182736/http://freshmanengineering.uark.edu/2041.php |archive-date=October 12, 2014 |access-date=September 20, 2011 |publisher=University of Arkansas}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Degree Requirements |url=http://www.cmu.edu/me/undergraduate/degree-requirements.html |access-date=September 20, 2011 |publisher=Carnegie Mellon University}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Programas de Materias |url=http://www.uca.edu.ar/index.php/site/index/es/uca/facultad-de-ciencias-fisicomatematicas-e-ingenieria/alumnos/programas-de-materias/cc1y2/ |publisher=Universidad Católica Argentina |language=es}}</ref> [[Fayil:Dell_Dimension_C521_Motherboard.jpg|thumb|Wannan kwamfuta motherboard da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin Kwamfuta ta mutum shine sakamakon kokarin injiniyan kwamfuta.]] == Tarihi == [[Fayil:Babbage_Difference_Engine.jpg|thumb|Injin Bambanci, kwamfuta ta farko ta inji]] [[Fayil:Glen_Beck_and_Betty_Snyder_program_the_ENIAC_in_building_328_at_the_Ballistic_Research_Laboratory.jpg|thumb|ENIAC, kwamfutar lantarki ta farko]] Injiniyan kwamfuta ya fara ne a shekar ta alif dari tara da talatinn da tara 1939 lokacin da John Vincent Atanasoff da Clifford Berry suka fara bunkasa kwamfutar lantarki ta farko a duniya ta hanyar kimiyyar [[lissafi]], lissafi, da injiniyan lantarki. John Vincent Atanasoff ya taɓa zama malamin kimiyyar lissafi da lissafi a Jami'ar Jihar Iowa kuma Clifford Berry tsohon digiri ne a ƙarƙashin injiniyan lantarki da kimiyyar kimiyya. Tare, sun kirkiro kwamfutar Atanasoff-Berry, wanda aka fi sani da ABC wanda ya ɗauki shekaru biyar don kammalawa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=John Vincent Atanasoff - the father of the computer |url=http://www.columbia.edu/~td2177/JVAtanasoff/JVAtanasoff.html |access-date=2017-12-05 |website=www.columbia.edu}}</ref> Yayinda aka rushe ABC na asali kuma aka watsar da shi a cikin shekarun alif dari tara da arba'in1940, an ba da haraji ga masu kirkiro; an yi kwatankwacin ABC a cikin shekaran alif dari tara da casa'in da bakwai 1997, inda ya ɗauki ƙungiyar masu bincike da injiniyoyi shekaru huɗu da $ 350,000 don ginawa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iowa State replica of first electronic digital computer going to Computer History Museum - News Service - Iowa State University |url=https://www.news.iastate.edu/news/2009/dec/abc |access-date=2017-12-05 |website=www.news.iastate.edu |language=en-us |archive-date=2019-04-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190421074358/https://www.news.iastate.edu/news/2009/dec/ABC |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kwamfuta ta zamani ta fito ne a cikin shekarun alif dari tara da saba'in 1970s, bayan nasarori da yawa a cikin fasahar semiconductor. Wadannan sun hada da [[Tranzista|transistor]] na farko da William Shockley, John Bardeen da Walter Brattain suka yi a Bell Labs a cikin shekara alif dari tara da arba'in da bakwai 1947, <ref>{{Cite web |title=1947: Invention of the Point-Contact Transistor |url=https://www.computerhistory.org/siliconengine/invention-of-the-point-contact-transistor/ |access-date=9 October 2019 |website=The Silicon Engine |publisher=[[Computer History Museum]]}}</ref> a cikin shekarar alid dari tara da hamsin da biyar 1955, silicon dioxide surface passivation da Carl Frosch da Lincoln Derick suka yi, transistors na farko na silicon dioxide da Frosch and Derick a cikin shekarar alif dari tara da hamsin da bakwai 1957, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Frosch |first=C. J. |last2=Derick |first2=L |date=1957 |title=Surface Protection and Selective Masking during Diffusion in Silicon |url=https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1149/1.2428650 |journal=Journal of the Electrochemical Society |language=en |volume=104 |issue=9 |pages=547 |doi=10.1149/1.2428650 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> tsarin tsarin tsarin da Jean Hoerni, da aka haɗa da Robert Noyce a Fairchild Semiconductor a cikin chip Fairchild, da Mas Mas Mas MasatosHET da Stanley suka nuna a filin tasirin transistor (MOS) a cikin Ford, ko MOS) <ref name="computerhistory1971">{{Cite web |title=1971: Microprocessor Integrates CPU Function onto a Single Chip |url=https://www.computerhistory.org/siliconengine/microprocessor-integrates-cpu-function-onto-a-single-chip/ |access-date=22 July 2019 |website=[[Computer History Museum]]}}</ref> === Tarihin ilimin injiniyan kwamfuta === Shirin digiri na farko na injiniyan kwamfuta a Amurka an kafa shi ne a shekarar alif dari tara da sabain da daya 1971 a Jami'ar Case Western Reserve da ke [[Cleveland]], [[Ohio (jiha)|Ohio]]. Ya zuwa shekara dubu biyu da sha biyar 2015, akwai shirye-shiryen injiniyan kwamfuta 250 da aka amince da su a Amurka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Find an ABET-Accredited Program {{!}} ABET |url=http://main.abet.org/aps/accreditedprogramsearch.aspx |access-date=2015-11-29 |website=main.abet.org}}</ref> A Turai, hukumomi da yawa suna ba da izini ga makarantun injiniyan kwamfuta a matsayin wani ɓangare na cibiyar sadarwa ta EQANIE. Saboda karuwar buƙatun aiki ga injiniyoyi waɗanda zasu iya tsara kayan aiki, [[software]], firmware, da sarrafa duk nau'ikan tsarin kwamfuta da aka yi amfani da su a masana'antu, wasu cibiyoyin sakandare a duniya suna ba da digiri na farko da ake kira injiniyan kwamfuta. Dukkanin shirye-shiryen injiniyan kwamfuta da na Injiniyan lantarki sun haɗa da ƙirar kewayon analog da dijital a cikin tsarin karatun su. Kamar yadda yake tare da mafi yawan fannonin injiniya, samun cikakken ilimin [[lissafi]] da kimiyya ya zama dole ga injiniyoyin kwamfuta. == Ilimi == Ana kiran aikin injiniya na kwamfuta a matsayin kimiyyar kwamfuta da injiniya a wasu sanannu da shahararun jamio'i a duniya tun daga wa'incan lokutan. Yawancin ayyukan injiniyan kwamfuta na matakin shigarwa suna buƙatar aƙalla digiri na farko a cikin injiniyan kwamfutar, injiniyan lantarki ko kimiyyar kwamfuta. Yawanci dole ne mutum ya koyi jerin [[lissafi]] kamar [[Calculus|lissafi]], lissafin layi da daidaitattun bambance-bambance, tare da kimiyyar kwamfuta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=January 8, 2024 |title=Erik Jonsson School of Engineering and Computer Science |url=https://engineering.utdallas.edu/academics/undergraduate-majors/undergrad-advising/current-students/ |website=The University of Texas at Dallas}}</ref> Digiri a cikin Injiniyan lantarki ko lantarki sun isa saboda kamanceceniyar filayen biyu. Saboda injiniyoyin kayan aiki suna aiki tare da tsarin software na kwamfuta, tushen tushe mai ƙarfi a cikin shirye-shiryen kwamfuta ya zama dole. A cewar BLS, "babban injiniyan kwamfuta yayi kama da injiniyan lantarki amma tare da wasu darussan kimiyyar kwamfuta da aka kara a cikin tsarin karatun".<ref name="CHE">{{Cite web |date=January 8, 2014 |title=Computer Hardware Engineers |url=http://www.bls.gov/ooh/architecture-and-engineering/computer-hardware-engineers.htm |access-date=July 20, 2012 |publisher=Bureau of Labor Statistics}}</ref> Wasu manyan kamfanoni ko ayyuka na musamman suna buƙatar digiri na biyu. Har ila yau, yana da mahimmanci sosai ga injiniyoyin kwamfuta su ci gaba da sauri a cikin [[Fasaha|fasahar zamani]]. Saboda haka, mutane da yawa suna ci gaba da koyo a duk lokacin da suke aiki. Wannan na iya taimakawa, musamman idan ya zo ga koyon sabbin ƙwarewa ko inganta waɗanda ke akwai. Misali, yayin da farashin dangi na gyara kwari ke ƙaruwa yayin da yake cikin tsarin ci gaban software, ana iya samun adadi mai yawa wanda aka danganta shi da haɓaka da gwaji don lambar inganci da wuri-wuri a cikin tsari, musamman kafin a saki.<ref name="The cost of fixing a bug">{{Cite web |title=Feabhas_Infographic_FINAL |url=http://www.feabhas.com/sites/default/files/uploads/News/Feabhas_Infographic_FINAL.pdf |website=feabhas}}</ref> === Ayyuka === Mutumin da ke da sana'a a aikin injiniya na kwamfuta ana kiransa injiniyan kwamfuta. {| class="wikitable" !Taken !Gabatarwa !Suffix !Abubuwan da ake bukata |- |Injiniyan kwamfuta |[Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9] |CpE |Ya sami digiri a fannin injiniyan kwamfuta <small>Cibiyar: Cibiyar Ilimi (kamar kwalejoji, jami'o'i) </small> |- |Injiniyan kwamfuta mai ƙwarewa |[Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9] |CCpE |Ya wuce jarrabawar takardar shaidar a cikin injiniyan kwamfuta Cibiyar: Cibiyar masu zaman kansu (kamar kungiyoyin injiniyan kwamfutar da kamfanoni masu zaman kansu) <small>Cibiyar: Cibiyar masu zaman kansu (kamar kungiyoyin injiniyan kwamfuta da kamfanoni masu zaman kansu) </small> |- |Injiniyan kwamfuta mai rijista |[Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9] |RCpE |Ya wuce jarrabawar lasisi a cikin aikin injiniya na kwamfuta <small>Cibiyar: Cibiyar Jama'a (kamar Hukumar Kula da Kasa) </small> |- |Kwararren injiniyan kwamfuta |[Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9] |PCpE |Ya wuce jarrabawar kwararru a aikin injiniya na kwamfuta, ko kwarewar aiki <small>Cibiyar: Cibiyar Jama'a ko Masu zaman kansu</small> |- | colspan="4" |<small>''*yana iya bambanta a yankin da ƙasa.''</small> |} == Aikace-aikace da aiki ==   Akwai manyan abubuwan da aka mayar da hankali a cikin injiniyan kwamfuta: kayan aiki da software. === Injiniyan kayan aikin kwamfuta ===   Dangane da Amurka BLS, aikin hangen aiki ga injiniyoyin kayan aikin kwamfuta, haɓakar shekaru goma daga shekarabta dubu biyu da sha tara 2019 zuwa ta dubu biyu da ashirin da tara 2029 don injiniyan kayan aikin kwamfuta an kiyasta 2% da jimillar ayyuka 71,100. (" ''Slower fiye da matsakaita'' " a nasu kalmomin idan aka kwatanta da sauran sana'o'i)" <ref name="hweng">{{Cite web |title=Computer Hardware Engineers: Occupational Outlook Handbook |url=http://www.bls.gov/ooh/architecture-and-engineering/computer-hardware-engineers.htm |publisher=U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics}}</ref> Wannan shi ne raguwa daga shekara ta dubu biyu da sha hudu 2014 zuwa 2024 BLS injiniya hardware kiyasin na 3% da jimillar 77,700 jobs; " ''kuma ya ragu daga 7% na 2012 zuwa 2022 BLS kimanta kuma yana cikin 1% zuwa 902 BLS kimanta kuma yana cikin 002002 BLS kimanta.'' " <ref name="hweng" /> A yau, kayan aikin kwamfuta sun ɗan yi daidai zuwa lantarki da injiniyan kwamfuta (ECE) kuma an raba shi zuwa sassa da yawa, mafi mahimmanci. ana shigar da tsarin ƙirar . <ref name="CHE"/> === Injiniyan software na kwamfuta === A cewar Ofishin Labaran Ayyuka na Amurka (BLS), "an tsara injiniyoyin software na aikace-aikacen kwamfuta da injiniyoyin software ɗin tsarin kwamfuta su kasance daga cikin masu saurin girma fiye da matsakaicin ayyukan da ke girma". Ci gaban da ake tsammani na shekaru goma tun daga shekarar dubu biyu da sha hudu 2014 don injiniyan software na kwamfuta an kiyasta kashi goma sha bakwai kuma akwai jimlar ayyuka 1,114,000 a wannan shekarar.<ref name="softdev">{{Cite web |title=Software Developers: Occupational Outlook Handbook |url=http://www.bls.gov/ooh/computer-and-information-technology/software-developers.htm |publisher=U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics}}</ref> Wannan ya sauka daga shekara ta dubu biyu da sha biyu 2012 zuwa ta dubu biyu da ashirin da biyu 2022 BLS kimantawa na 22% ga masu haɓaka software. <ref name="softdev" /> <ref name="C.S.E.">{{Cite web |date=March 19, 2010 |title=Computer Software Engineer |url=http://www.bls.gov/k12/computers04.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130726002354/http://www.bls.gov/k12/computers04.htm |archive-date=July 26, 2013 |access-date=July 20, 2012 |publisher=Bureau of Labor Statistics}}</ref> Kuma, ya kara sauka daga ƙididdigar BLS ta 30% zuwa shekara ta dubu biyu da ashirin 2020.<ref name="CSE2">{{Cite web |date=January 8, 2014 |title=Software Developers |url=http://www.bls.gov/ooh/computer-and-information-technology/software-developers.htm |access-date=July 21, 2012 |publisher=Bureau of Labor Statistics}}</ref> Bugu da kari, karuwar damuwa game da tsaro na yanar gizo ya kara da sanya aikin injiniya na software na kwamfuta sama da matsakaicin ƙaruwa ga dukkan fannoni. Koyaya, wasu ayyukan za a fitar da su a ƙasashen waje. Saboda wannan, ci gaban aiki ba zai kasance da sauri kamar yadda ya kasance a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata ba, kamar yadda ayyukan da za su je ga injiniyoyin software na kwamfuta a Amurka za su je zuwa ga injiniyoyin kwamfuta a ƙasashe kamar Indiya.<ref name="bls.gov">{{Cite web |title=Computer Programmers: Occupational Outlook Handbook |url=http://www.bls.gov/ooh/computer-and-information-technology/computer-programmers.htm |publisher=U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics}}</ref> Bugu da kari, hangen nesa na aikin BLS ga masu shirye-shiryen kwamfuta, shekara ta dubu biyu da sha hudu 2014-24 yana da -8% (ƙetare, a cikin kalmomin su), sannan hangen nesa na aiki, shekara ta dubu biyu da da sha tara 2019-29 na -9% (Retare), sannan raguwar 10% don shekara ta dubu biyu da ashirin da daya 2021-2031 kuma yanzu raguwar 11% don waɗanda ke tsara kwamfutoci (watau tsarin da aka saka) waɗanda ba masu haɓaka aikace-aikacen kwamfuta ba.<ref name="bls.gov" /><ref name="ReferenceA">{{Cite web |title=Computer Programmers : Occupational Outlook Handbook: : U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |url=https://www.bls.gov/ooh/computer-and-information-technology/computer-programmers.htm |website=www.bls.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Archive By Publication : Beyond the Numbers: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |url=https://www.bls.gov/opub/btn/archive/publication.htm#regional-reports |website=www.bls.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=May 10, 2018 |title=The Soon-to-Be-Extinct Embedded Software Engineer |url=https://www.designnews.com/design-hardware-software/soon-be-extinct-embedded-software-engineer |website=designnews.com}}</ref> Bugu da ƙari, mata a fannonin software suna raguwa a tsawon shekaru har ma da sauri fiye da sauran fannonin injiniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=hp's Developer Portal &#124; HP International Women's Week: Women in Computer Science dropping since 1980s |url=https://developers.hp.com/public/blog/hp-international-womens-week-women-computer-science-dropping-1980s |website=developers.hp.com}}</ref> == Yankunan musamman == Akwai fannoni masu yawa na musamman a fagen injiniyan kwamfuta. === Tsarin mai sarrafawa ===   Tsarin ƙirar Mai sarrafawa ya haɗa da zaɓar saitin umarni da wani tsarin kisa (misali VLIW ko RISC) kuma yana haifar da microarchitecture, wanda za'a iya bayyana shi a misali VHDL ko Verilog. Tsarin CPU ya kasu kashi biyu: datapaths (kamar ALU da bututun mai), sashin sarrafawa: dabaru wanda ke sarrafa datapathes, abubuwan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya kamar fayilolin rajista, ɓoyewa, kewayon agogo kamar direbobi na agogo, PLLs, cibiyoyin rarraba agogo, kewayen mai karɓa, ɗakin karatu na ƙofar ƙira wanda ake amfani dashi don aiwatar da ma'anar. === Coding, cryptography, da kariya ta bayanai === [[Fayil:Source_code_in_C.png|thumb|[[C programming language|C]] na tushe da aka rubuta a cikin harshen shirye-shiryen C]] Injiniyoyin kwamfuta suna aiki a cikin ƙididdiga, aikace-aikacen cryptography, da kariya ta bayanai don haɓaka sabbin hanyoyin don kare bayanai daban-daban, kamar hotuna da kiɗa na dijital, raguwa, [[Keta Haƙƙin Mallaka|keta haƙƙin mallaka]] da sauran nau'ikan lalatawa ta hanyar, alal misali, Alamar ruwa ta dijital.<ref name="SCCC">{{Cite web |title=Computer Engineering Overview |url=http://www.careercornerstone.org/pdf/compeng/compeng.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120916035940/http://www.careercornerstone.org/pdf/compeng/compeng.pdf |archive-date=September 16, 2012 |access-date=July 20, 2012 |publisher=Sloan Career Cornerstone Center}}</ref> === Sadarwa da hanyoyin sadarwa marasa waya ===   Wadanda ke mai da hankali kan sadarwa da hanyoyin sadarwar, ci gaban aiki a cikin tsarin sadarwa da hanyoyin sadarwa, gyare-gyare da sarrafa kuskure, da ka'idar bayanai. Tsarin cibiyar sadarwa mai saurin gudu, murkushe tsangwama da gyare-gyare, ƙira, da nazarin Tsarin jure kuskuren, da adanawa da watsawa duk wani ɓangare ne na wannan ƙwarewa.<ref name="SCCC"/> === Masu tarawa da tsarin aiki ===   [[Fayil:Windows10abstract.png|thumb|Windows 10, misali na tsarin aiki]] Wannan ƙwarewar tana mai da hankali kan [[Compiler|masu tarawa]] da tsarin aiki da ƙirar da ci gaba. Injiniyoyi a wannan fagen suna haɓaka sabbin tsare-tsare da aiki, dabarun nazarin shirye-shirye, da sabbin dabarun don tabbatar da inganci. Misalan aiki a wannan fagen sun haɗa da ci gaban algorithm na sauyawar lambar-lokaci da ci gaban sabon tsarin aiki.<ref name="SCCC"/> === Kimiyya da injiniya na kwamfuta ===   Kimiyya da injiniya na lissafi na zamin. A cewar Cibiyar "Sloan Career Cornerstone", mutane da ke aiki a wannan yanki, "an yi amfani da hanyoyin lissafi don tabbatar da tsarawa da warware matsalolin lissafi masu rikitarwa a cikin injiniya da kimiyyar jiki da zamantakewa. Misalan sun haɗa da ƙirar jirgin sama, sarrafa plasma na siffofin nanometer a kan wafers na semiconductor, ƙirar da'irar "VLSI", tsarin gano radar, jigilar ion ta hanyar tashoshin halittu, da sauransu. "<ref name="SCCC"/> === Cibiyoyin sadarwa na kwamfuta, kwamfuta mai kwakwalwa, da tsarin rarraba ===   A cikin wannan ƙwarewa, injiniyoyi suna gina mahalli masu haɗin kai don lissafi, sadarwa, da samun damar bayanai. Misalan sun haɗa da cibiyoyin sadarwar mara waya na tashar, Gudanar da albarkatun daidaitawa a cikin tsarin daban-daban, da inganta ingancin sabis a cikin yanayin wayar hannu da katin ciran kudi wato da ake amfani da shi gun cire kudi a wajen banaki ATM sanna kuma a yau an kawo lokacin da akwai POS naurar da ake amfani dashi kun cire kudi a mafi saukin hanya. Wasu wasu misalai sun haɗa da aiki a kan Tsarin cibiyar sadarwa mara waya da tsarin waya mai sauri na Ethernet.<ref name="SCCC"/> === Tsarin kwamfuta: gine-gine, aiki tare, da dogaro === [[Fayil:Intel_80486DX2_bottom.jpg|thumb|Misali na CPU na kwamfuta]] Injiniyoyi da ke aiki a akan tsarin kwamfuta suna aiki a kan ayyukan bincike waɗanda ke ba da dama amintacce, amintaccen tsarin kwamfuta mai inganci. Ayyuka irin su tsara masu sarrafawa don Multi-threading da aiki tare an haɗa su a cikin wannan fagen. Sauran misalai na aiki a wannan fagen sun haɗa da ci gaban sabbin ra'ayoyi, algorithms, da sauran kayan aikin da ke ƙara aiki ga tsarin kwamfuta.<ref name="SCCC"/> Gine-gine na kwamfuta ya haɗa da ƙirar fasahar kwakwalwar kwamfuta da ake kira da "CPU", tsarin matsayi na cache, Ƙungiyar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, da daidaita nauyin kaya. === Ra'ayi na kwamfuta da robotics === [[Fayil:Humanoid_Robot_(1)_ITB_2017.JPG|thumb|Misali na mutum-mutumi]] A cikin wannan fannin na ƙwarewa, injiniyoyin kwamfuta suna mai da hankali kan haɓaka fasahar jin gani don jin yanayin, wakiltar muhalli, da sarrafa muhalli. Ana aiwatar da bayanan da aka tattara na uku don yin ayyuka daban-daban. Wadannan sun hada da ingantaccen samfurin mutum da ake kira "Robot" mutum-mutumi, sadarwa ta hoto, da kuma haɗin mutum da kwamfuta, da kuma na'urori kamar kyamarori masu amfani na musamman tare da na'urorin gani masu amfani.<ref name="SCCC"/> === Tsarin da aka saka === [[Fayil:Oxygen_devices.svg|alt=|thumb|Misalan na'urorin da ke amfani da tsarin da aka saka]] Mutanen da ke aiki a wannan yanki fasahar ƙira don haɓaka saurin da ake bukata kwamfuta yayi, amintacce, da aikin tsarin. Ana samun tsarin da aka saka a cikin na'urori da yawa daga ƙaramin rediyo na FM wanda keda saukin amfani da komwa domin jamaa su saurari shirin gidan redio zuwa jirgin dake zuwa sararin samaniya. A cewar Cibiyar Ayyuka ta Sloan Cornerstone, ci gaba da ci gaba a cikin tsarin da aka saka sun haɗa da "''motoci da kayan aiki na atomatik don gudanar da bincike da ceto, tsarin sufuri na atomatik, da daidaitawar mutum-robot don gyara kayan aiki a sararin samaniya.'' " <ref name="SCCC"/> Ya zuwa shekara ta dubu biyu da sha takwas 2018 , ƙwarewar tsarin da aka sanya na kwamfuta sun haɗa da tsarin tsarin-a-chip, gine-ginen ƙididdigar gefen da Intanet na abubuwa. === Da'irori masu hadin kai, ƙirar VLSI, gwaji da CAD === Wannan ƙwarewar injiniyan kwamfuta tana buƙatar isasshen ilimin lantarki da tsarin yadda ake sarrafa lantarki. Injiniyoyi da ke aiki a wannan fanni suna aiki akan inganta saurin na'urar da samun amincewa, da ingancin makamashi na ƙarni na gaba da keɓaɓɓen ƙira (VLSI) da kuma microsystems. Misali na wannan ƙwarewa shine aikin da aka yi akan rage amfani da wutar lantarki na algorithms na VLSI da gine-gine.<ref name="SCCC"/> [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] == Manazarta == 9u9uysifzmehk1f8i3c1arz6rqz22zr 826274 826273 2026-04-25T16:50:38Z AYM8818 11892 Gyara 826274 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''[[Injinia.|injiniya]] kwamfuta''' ('''CE''', '''CoE''', '''CpE''', ko '''CompE''') reshe ne na injiniya wanda ke da ƙwarewa wajen haɓaka kayan aikin kwamfuta da [[Software|sobtwe]].{{Efn|Before the era of computers, C.E. could also mean "[[Chartered (professional)|Chartered]] Engineer"; "inst. CE" would have meant "[[Institution of Civil Engineers]]".}}<ref>{{Cite book|last3=IEEE Computer Society|last2=Association for Computing Machinery}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last3=IEEE Computer Society|last2=Association for Computing Machinery}}</ref> Ya haɗa fannoni da yawa na Injiniyan lantarki, injiniyan lantarki da kimiyyar kwamfuta. Ana iya kiran aikin injiniya na kwamfuta a matsayin ''Injiniyan lantarki da Kwamfuta'' ko ''Kimiyya da Injiniya na Kwamfuta'' a wasu jami'o'i. Injiniyoyin kwamfuta suna buƙatar horo a cikin haɗin kayan aiki, ƙirar manhajan sobwe, da [[Injiniyan software|Injiniyan sobtwe]]. Zai iya kunshe da yankuna kamar electromagnetism, artificial intelligence (AI), robotics, cibiyoyin sadarwa na kwamfuta, gine-ginen kwamfuta da tsarin aiki. Injiniyoyin kwamfuta suna da hannu a fannoni da yawa na kayan aiki da sobtwe na lissafi, daga ƙirar microcontrollers, microprocessors, kwamfutocin mutum, da supercomputers, zuwa ƙirar da'ira. Wannan fagen injiniya ba wai kawai yana mai da hankali kan yadda Tsarin kwamfuta da kansu ke aiki ba ne kawai, har ma da yadda za a haɗa su cikin hoto mafi girma ta yadda za'a iya iya amfani dashi kuma ya amfanar.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Trinity College Dublin |title=What is Computer System Engineering |url=http://www.tcd.ie/Engineering/about/what_is_eng/computer_eng_intro.html |access-date=April 21, 2006}} "Computer engineers need not only to understand how computer systems themselves work but also how they integrate into the larger picture. Consider the car. A modern car contains many separate computer systems for controlling such things as the engine timing, the brakes, and the airbags. To be able to design and implement such a car, the computer engineer needs a broad theoretical understanding of all these various subsystems & how they interact.</ref> Robotics yana daya daga cikin aikace-aikacen injiniyan kwamfuta. Injiniyan kwamfuta yawanci suna hulɗa da yankuna ciki har da rubuce-rubuce sobtwe da firmware don microcontrollers da aka sakawa, tsara kwakwalwa VLSI, [[Sensor|na'urori masu auna sigina]], allon da aka haɗu da sigina, thermodynamics da tsarin sarrafawa. Injiniyoyin kwamfuta sun dace da binciken robotics, wato sakago wanda ya dogara sosai akan amfani da tsarin dijital don sarrafawa da saka idanu kan tsarin lantarki kamar motoci, sadarwa, da [[Sensor|na'urori masu auna sigina]]. A cibiyoyin ilimi mafi girma da yawa, ana ba da damar Daliban injiniya kwamfuta su zaɓi wuraren zurfin karatu a cikin ƙarami da manyan shekarunsu saboda cikakken faɗin ilimin da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin ƙira da aikace-aikacen kwamfutoci ya wuce iyakar digiri na farko. Sauran cibiyoyin na iya bada buƙatar ɗaliban injiniya su kammala shekara ɗaya ko biyu na aikin [[Injinia.|injiniya gaba ɗaya]] kafin su ayyana aikin injiniya na kwamfuta a matsayin babban abin da suka fi mayar da hankali.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Changing Majors @ Clemson |url=http://www.registrar.clemson.edu/html/changeMjr_Curr.htm |access-date=September 20, 2011 |publisher=Clemson University}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Declaring a College of Engineering Major |url=http://freshmanengineering.uark.edu/2041.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141012182736/http://freshmanengineering.uark.edu/2041.php |archive-date=October 12, 2014 |access-date=September 20, 2011 |publisher=University of Arkansas}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Degree Requirements |url=http://www.cmu.edu/me/undergraduate/degree-requirements.html |access-date=September 20, 2011 |publisher=Carnegie Mellon University}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Programas de Materias |url=http://www.uca.edu.ar/index.php/site/index/es/uca/facultad-de-ciencias-fisicomatematicas-e-ingenieria/alumnos/programas-de-materias/cc1y2/ |publisher=Universidad Católica Argentina |language=es}}</ref> [[Fayil:Dell_Dimension_C521_Motherboard.jpg|thumb|Wannan kwamfuta motherboard da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin Kwamfuta ta mutum shine sakamakon kokarin injiniyan kwamfuta.]] == Tarihi == [[Fayil:Babbage_Difference_Engine.jpg|thumb|Injin Bambanci, kwamfuta ta farko ta inji]] [[Fayil:Glen_Beck_and_Betty_Snyder_program_the_ENIAC_in_building_328_at_the_Ballistic_Research_Laboratory.jpg|thumb|ENIAC, kwamfutar lantarki ta farko]] Injiniyan kwamfuta ya fara ne a shekar ta alif dari tara da talatinn da tara 1939 lokacin da John Vincent Atanasoff da Clifford Berry suka fara bunkasa kwamfutar lantarki ta farko a duniya ta hanyar kimiyyar [[lissafi]], lissafi, da injiniyan lantarki. John Vincent Atanasoff ya taɓa zama malamin kimiyyar lissafi da lissafi a Jami'ar Jihar Iowa kuma Clifford Berry tsohon digiri ne a ƙarƙashin injiniyan lantarki da kimiyyar kimiyya. Tare, sun kirkiro kwamfutar Atanasoff-Berry, wanda aka fi sani da ABC wanda ya ɗauki shekaru biyar don kammalawa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=John Vincent Atanasoff - the father of the computer |url=http://www.columbia.edu/~td2177/JVAtanasoff/JVAtanasoff.html |access-date=2017-12-05 |website=www.columbia.edu}}</ref> Yayinda aka rushe ABC na asali kuma aka watsar da shi a cikin shekarun alif dari tara da arba'in1940, an ba da haraji ga masu kirkiro; an yi kwatankwacin ABC a cikin shekaran alif dari tara da casa'in da bakwai 1997, inda ya ɗauki ƙungiyar masu bincike da injiniyoyi shekaru huɗu da $ 350,000 don ginawa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iowa State replica of first electronic digital computer going to Computer History Museum - News Service - Iowa State University |url=https://www.news.iastate.edu/news/2009/dec/abc |access-date=2017-12-05 |website=www.news.iastate.edu |language=en-us |archive-date=2019-04-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190421074358/https://www.news.iastate.edu/news/2009/dec/ABC |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kwamfuta ta zamani ta fito ne a cikin shekarun alif dari tara da saba'in 1970s, bayan nasarori da yawa a cikin fasahar semiconductor. Wadannan sun hada da [[Tranzista|transistor]] na farko da William Shockley, John Bardeen da Walter Brattain suka yi a Bell Labs a cikin shekara alif dari tara da arba'in da bakwai 1947, <ref>{{Cite web |title=1947: Invention of the Point-Contact Transistor |url=https://www.computerhistory.org/siliconengine/invention-of-the-point-contact-transistor/ |access-date=9 October 2019 |website=The Silicon Engine |publisher=[[Computer History Museum]]}}</ref> a cikin shekarar alid dari tara da hamsin da biyar 1955, silicon dioxide surface passivation da Carl Frosch da Lincoln Derick suka yi, transistors na farko na silicon dioxide da Frosch and Derick a cikin shekarar alif dari tara da hamsin da bakwai 1957, <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Frosch |first=C. J. |last2=Derick |first2=L |date=1957 |title=Surface Protection and Selective Masking during Diffusion in Silicon |url=https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1149/1.2428650 |journal=Journal of the Electrochemical Society |language=en |volume=104 |issue=9 |pages=547 |doi=10.1149/1.2428650 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> tsarin tsarin tsarin da Jean Hoerni, da aka haɗa da Robert Noyce a Fairchild Semiconductor a cikin chip Fairchild, da Mas Mas Mas MasatosHET da Stanley suka nuna a filin tasirin transistor (MOS) a cikin Ford, ko MOS) <ref name="computerhistory1971">{{Cite web |title=1971: Microprocessor Integrates CPU Function onto a Single Chip |url=https://www.computerhistory.org/siliconengine/microprocessor-integrates-cpu-function-onto-a-single-chip/ |access-date=22 July 2019 |website=[[Computer History Museum]]}}</ref> === Tarihin ilimin injiniyan kwamfuta === Shirin digiri na farko na injiniyan kwamfuta a Amurka an kafa shi ne a shekarar alif dari tara da sabain da daya 1971 a Jami'ar Case Western Reserve da ke [[Cleveland]], [[Ohio (jiha)|Ohio]]. Ya zuwa shekara dubu biyu da sha biyar 2015, akwai shirye-shiryen injiniyan kwamfuta 250 da aka amince da su a Amurka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Find an ABET-Accredited Program {{!}} ABET |url=http://main.abet.org/aps/accreditedprogramsearch.aspx |access-date=2015-11-29 |website=main.abet.org}}</ref> A Turai, hukumomi da yawa suna ba da izini ga makarantun injiniyan kwamfuta a matsayin wani ɓangare na cibiyar sadarwa ta EQANIE. Saboda karuwar buƙatun aiki ga injiniyoyi waɗanda zasu iya tsara kayan aiki, [[software]], firmware, da sarrafa duk nau'ikan tsarin kwamfuta da aka yi amfani da su a masana'antu, wasu cibiyoyin sakandare a duniya suna ba da digiri na farko da ake kira injiniyan kwamfuta. Dukkanin shirye-shiryen injiniyan kwamfuta da na Injiniyan lantarki sun haɗa da ƙirar kewayon analog da dijital a cikin tsarin karatun su. Kamar yadda yake tare da mafi yawan fannonin injiniya, samun cikakken ilimin [[lissafi]] da kimiyya ya zama dole ga injiniyoyin kwamfuta. == Ilimi == Ana kiran aikin injiniya na kwamfuta a matsayin kimiyyar kwamfuta da injiniya a wasu sanannu da shahararun jamio'i a duniya tun daga wa'incan lokutan. Yawancin ayyukan injiniyan kwamfuta na matakin shigarwa suna buƙatar aƙalla digiri na farko a cikin injiniyan kwamfutar, injiniyan lantarki ko kimiyyar kwamfuta. Yawanci dole ne mutum ya koyi jerin [[lissafi]] kamar [[Calculus|lissafi]], lissafin layi da daidaitattun bambance-bambance, tare da kimiyyar kwamfuta.<ref>{{Cite web |date=January 8, 2024 |title=Erik Jonsson School of Engineering and Computer Science |url=https://engineering.utdallas.edu/academics/undergraduate-majors/undergrad-advising/current-students/ |website=The University of Texas at Dallas}}</ref> Digiri a cikin Injiniyan lantarki ko lantarki sun isa saboda kamanceceniyar filayen biyu. Saboda injiniyoyin kayan aiki suna aiki tare da tsarin software na kwamfuta, tushen tushe mai ƙarfi a cikin shirye-shiryen kwamfuta ya zama dole. A cewar BLS, "babban injiniyan kwamfuta yayi kama da injiniyan lantarki amma tare da wasu darussan kimiyyar kwamfuta da aka kara a cikin tsarin karatun".<ref name="CHE">{{Cite web |date=January 8, 2014 |title=Computer Hardware Engineers |url=http://www.bls.gov/ooh/architecture-and-engineering/computer-hardware-engineers.htm |access-date=July 20, 2012 |publisher=Bureau of Labor Statistics}}</ref> Wasu manyan kamfanoni ko ayyuka na musamman suna buƙatar digiri na biyu. Har ila yau, yana da mahimmanci sosai ga injiniyoyin kwamfuta su ci gaba da sauri a cikin [[Fasaha|fasahar zamani]]. Saboda haka, mutane da yawa suna ci gaba da koyo a duk lokacin da suke aiki. Wannan na iya taimakawa, musamman idan ya zo ga koyon sabbin ƙwarewa ko inganta waɗanda ke akwai. Misali, yayin da farashin dangi na gyara kwari ke ƙaruwa yayin da yake cikin tsarin ci gaban software, ana iya samun adadi mai yawa wanda aka danganta shi da haɓaka da gwaji don lambar inganci da wuri-wuri a cikin tsari, musamman kafin a saki.<ref name="The cost of fixing a bug">{{Cite web |title=Feabhas_Infographic_FINAL |url=http://www.feabhas.com/sites/default/files/uploads/News/Feabhas_Infographic_FINAL.pdf |website=feabhas}}</ref> === Ayyuka === Mutumin da ke da sana'a a aikin injiniya na kwamfuta ana kiransa injiniyan kwamfuta. {| class="wikitable" !Taken !Gabatarwa !Suffix !Abubuwan da ake bukata |- |Injiniyan kwamfuta |[Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9] |CpE |Ya sami digiri a fannin injiniyan kwamfuta <small>Cibiyar: Cibiyar Ilimi (kamar kwalejoji, jami'o'i) </small> |- |Injiniyan kwamfuta mai ƙwarewa |[Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9] |CCpE |Ya wuce jarrabawar takardar shaidar a cikin injiniyan kwamfuta Cibiyar: Cibiyar masu zaman kansu (kamar kungiyoyin injiniyan kwamfutar da kamfanoni masu zaman kansu) <small>Cibiyar: Cibiyar masu zaman kansu (kamar kungiyoyin injiniyan kwamfuta da kamfanoni masu zaman kansu) </small> |- |Injiniyan kwamfuta mai rijista |[Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9] |RCpE |Ya wuce jarrabawar lasisi a cikin aikin injiniya na kwamfuta <small>Cibiyar: Cibiyar Jama'a (kamar Hukumar Kula da Kasa) </small> |- |Kwararren injiniyan kwamfuta |[Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9] |PCpE |Ya wuce jarrabawar kwararru a aikin injiniya na kwamfuta, ko kwarewar aiki <small>Cibiyar: Cibiyar Jama'a ko Masu zaman kansu</small> |- | colspan="4" |<small>''*yana iya bambanta a yankin da ƙasa.''</small> |} == Aikace-aikace da aiki ==   Akwai manyan abubuwan da aka mayar da hankali a cikin injiniyan kwamfuta: kayan aiki da software. === Injiniyan kayan aikin kwamfuta ===   Dangane da Amurka BLS, aikin hangen aiki ga injiniyoyin kayan aikin kwamfuta, haɓakar shekaru goma daga shekarabta dubu biyu da sha tara 2019 zuwa ta dubu biyu da ashirin da tara 2029 don injiniyan kayan aikin kwamfuta an kiyasta 2% da jimillar ayyuka 71,100. (" ''Slower fiye da matsakaita'' " a nasu kalmomin idan aka kwatanta da sauran sana'o'i)" <ref name="hweng">{{Cite web |title=Computer Hardware Engineers: Occupational Outlook Handbook |url=http://www.bls.gov/ooh/architecture-and-engineering/computer-hardware-engineers.htm |publisher=U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics}}</ref> Wannan shi ne raguwa daga shekara ta dubu biyu da sha hudu 2014 zuwa 2024 BLS injiniya hardware kiyasin na 3% da jimillar 77,700 jobs; " ''kuma ya ragu daga 7% na 2012 zuwa 2022 BLS kimanta kuma yana cikin 1% zuwa 902 BLS kimanta kuma yana cikin 002002 BLS kimanta.'' " <ref name="hweng" /> A yau, kayan aikin kwamfuta sun ɗan yi daidai zuwa lantarki da injiniyan kwamfuta (ECE) kuma an raba shi zuwa sassa da yawa, mafi mahimmanci. ana shigar da tsarin ƙirar . <ref name="CHE"/> === Injiniyan software na kwamfuta === A cewar Ofishin Labaran Ayyuka na Amurka (BLS), "an tsara injiniyoyin software na aikace-aikacen kwamfuta da injiniyoyin software ɗin tsarin kwamfuta su kasance daga cikin masu saurin girma fiye da matsakaicin ayyukan da ke girma". Ci gaban da ake tsammani na shekaru goma tun daga shekarar dubu biyu da sha hudu 2014 don injiniyan software na kwamfuta an kiyasta kashi goma sha bakwai kuma akwai jimlar ayyuka 1,114,000 a wannan shekarar.<ref name="softdev">{{Cite web |title=Software Developers: Occupational Outlook Handbook |url=http://www.bls.gov/ooh/computer-and-information-technology/software-developers.htm |publisher=U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics}}</ref> Wannan ya sauka daga shekara ta dubu biyu da sha biyu 2012 zuwa ta dubu biyu da ashirin da biyu 2022 BLS kimantawa na 22% ga masu haɓaka software. <ref name="softdev" /> <ref name="C.S.E.">{{Cite web |date=March 19, 2010 |title=Computer Software Engineer |url=http://www.bls.gov/k12/computers04.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130726002354/http://www.bls.gov/k12/computers04.htm |archive-date=July 26, 2013 |access-date=July 20, 2012 |publisher=Bureau of Labor Statistics}}</ref> Kuma, ya kara sauka daga ƙididdigar BLS ta 30% zuwa shekara ta dubu biyu da ashirin 2020.<ref name="CSE2">{{Cite web |date=January 8, 2014 |title=Software Developers |url=http://www.bls.gov/ooh/computer-and-information-technology/software-developers.htm |access-date=July 21, 2012 |publisher=Bureau of Labor Statistics}}</ref> Bugu da kari, karuwar damuwa game da tsaro na yanar gizo ya kara da sanya aikin injiniya na software na kwamfuta sama da matsakaicin ƙaruwa ga dukkan fannoni. Koyaya, wasu ayyukan za a fitar da su a ƙasashen waje. Saboda wannan, ci gaban aiki ba zai kasance da sauri kamar yadda ya kasance a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata ba, kamar yadda ayyukan da za su je ga injiniyoyin software na kwamfuta a Amurka za su je zuwa ga injiniyoyin kwamfuta a ƙasashe kamar Indiya.<ref name="bls.gov">{{Cite web |title=Computer Programmers: Occupational Outlook Handbook |url=http://www.bls.gov/ooh/computer-and-information-technology/computer-programmers.htm |publisher=U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics}}</ref> Bugu da kari, hangen nesa na aikin BLS ga masu shirye-shiryen kwamfuta, shekara ta dubu biyu da sha hudu 2014-24 yana da -8% (ƙetare, a cikin kalmomin su), sannan hangen nesa na aiki, shekara ta dubu biyu da da sha tara 2019-29 na -9% (Retare), sannan raguwar 10% don shekara ta dubu biyu da ashirin da daya 2021-2031 kuma yanzu raguwar 11% don waɗanda ke tsara kwamfutoci (watau tsarin da aka saka) waɗanda ba masu haɓaka aikace-aikacen kwamfuta ba.<ref name="bls.gov" /><ref name="ReferenceA">{{Cite web |title=Computer Programmers : Occupational Outlook Handbook: : U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |url=https://www.bls.gov/ooh/computer-and-information-technology/computer-programmers.htm |website=www.bls.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Archive By Publication : Beyond the Numbers: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics |url=https://www.bls.gov/opub/btn/archive/publication.htm#regional-reports |website=www.bls.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=May 10, 2018 |title=The Soon-to-Be-Extinct Embedded Software Engineer |url=https://www.designnews.com/design-hardware-software/soon-be-extinct-embedded-software-engineer |website=designnews.com}}</ref> Bugu da ƙari, mata a fannonin software suna raguwa a tsawon shekaru har ma da sauri fiye da sauran fannonin injiniya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=hp's Developer Portal &#124; HP International Women's Week: Women in Computer Science dropping since 1980s |url=https://developers.hp.com/public/blog/hp-international-womens-week-women-computer-science-dropping-1980s |website=developers.hp.com}}</ref> == Yankunan musamman == Akwai fannoni masu yawa na musamman a fagen injiniyan kwamfuta. === Tsarin mai sarrafawa ===   Tsarin ƙirar Mai sarrafawa ya haɗa da zaɓar saitin umarni da wani tsarin kisa (misali VLIW ko RISC) kuma yana haifar da microarchitecture, wanda za'a iya bayyana shi a misali VHDL ko Verilog. Tsarin CPU ya kasu kashi biyu: datapaths (kamar ALU da bututun mai), sashin sarrafawa: dabaru wanda ke sarrafa datapathes, abubuwan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya kamar fayilolin rajista, ɓoyewa, kewayon agogo kamar direbobi na agogo, PLLs, cibiyoyin rarraba agogo, kewayen mai karɓa, ɗakin karatu na ƙofar ƙira wanda ake amfani dashi don aiwatar da ma'anar. === Coding, cryptography, da kariya ta bayanai === [[Fayil:Source_code_in_C.png|thumb|[[C programming language|C]] na tushe da aka rubuta a cikin harshen shirye-shiryen C]] Injiniyoyin kwamfuta suna aiki a cikin ƙididdiga, aikace-aikacen cryptography, da kariya ta bayanai don haɓaka sabbin hanyoyin don kare bayanai daban-daban, kamar hotuna da kiɗa na dijital, raguwa, [[Keta Haƙƙin Mallaka|keta haƙƙin mallaka]] da sauran nau'ikan lalatawa ta hanyar, alal misali, Alamar ruwa ta dijital.<ref name="SCCC">{{Cite web |title=Computer Engineering Overview |url=http://www.careercornerstone.org/pdf/compeng/compeng.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120916035940/http://www.careercornerstone.org/pdf/compeng/compeng.pdf |archive-date=September 16, 2012 |access-date=July 20, 2012 |publisher=Sloan Career Cornerstone Center}}</ref> === Sadarwa da hanyoyin sadarwa marasa waya ===   Wadanda ke mai da hankali kan sadarwa da hanyoyin sadarwar, ci gaban aiki a cikin tsarin sadarwa da hanyoyin sadarwa, gyare-gyare da sarrafa kuskure, da ka'idar bayanai. Tsarin cibiyar sadarwa mai saurin gudu, murkushe tsangwama da gyare-gyare, ƙira, da nazarin Tsarin jure kuskuren, da adanawa da watsawa duk wani ɓangare ne na wannan ƙwarewa.<ref name="SCCC"/> === Masu tarawa da tsarin aiki ===   [[Fayil:Windows10abstract.png|thumb|Windows 10, misali na tsarin aiki]] Wannan ƙwarewar tana mai da hankali kan [[Compiler|masu tarawa]] da tsarin aiki da ƙirar da ci gaba. Injiniyoyi a wannan fagen suna haɓaka sabbin tsare-tsare da aiki, dabarun nazarin shirye-shirye, da sabbin dabarun don tabbatar da inganci. Misalan aiki a wannan fagen sun haɗa da ci gaban algorithm na sauyawar lambar-lokaci da ci gaban sabon tsarin aiki.<ref name="SCCC"/> === Kimiyya da injiniya na kwamfuta ===   Kimiyya da injiniya na lissafi na zamin. A cewar Cibiyar "Sloan Career Cornerstone", mutane da ke aiki a wannan yanki, "an yi amfani da hanyoyin lissafi don tabbatar da tsarawa da warware matsalolin lissafi masu rikitarwa a cikin injiniya da kimiyyar jiki da zamantakewa. Misalan sun haɗa da ƙirar jirgin sama, sarrafa plasma na siffofin nanometer a kan wafers na semiconductor, ƙirar da'irar "VLSI", tsarin gano radar, jigilar ion ta hanyar tashoshin halittu, da sauransu. "<ref name="SCCC"/> === Cibiyoyin sadarwa na kwamfuta, kwamfuta mai kwakwalwa, da tsarin rarraba ===   A cikin wannan ƙwarewa, injiniyoyi suna gina mahalli masu haɗin kai don lissafi, sadarwa, da samun damar bayanai. Misalan sun haɗa da cibiyoyin sadarwar mara waya na tashar, Gudanar da albarkatun daidaitawa a cikin tsarin daban-daban, da inganta ingancin sabis a cikin yanayin wayar hannu da katin ciran kudi wato da ake amfani da shi gun cire kudi a wajen banaki ATM sanna kuma a yau an kawo lokacin da akwai POS naurar da ake amfani dashi kun cire kudi a mafi saukin hanya. Wasu wasu misalai sun haɗa da aiki a kan Tsarin cibiyar sadarwa mara waya da tsarin waya mai sauri na Ethernet.<ref name="SCCC"/> === Tsarin kwamfuta: gine-gine, aiki tare, da dogaro === [[Fayil:Intel_80486DX2_bottom.jpg|thumb|Misali na CPU na kwamfuta]] Injiniyoyi da ke aiki a akan tsarin kwamfuta suna aiki a kan ayyukan bincike waɗanda ke ba da dama amintacce, amintaccen tsarin kwamfuta mai inganci. Ayyuka irin su tsara masu sarrafawa don Multi-threading da aiki tare an haɗa su a cikin wannan fagen. Sauran misalai na aiki a wannan fagen sun haɗa da ci gaban sabbin ra'ayoyi, algorithms, da sauran kayan aikin da ke ƙara aiki ga tsarin kwamfuta.<ref name="SCCC"/> Gine-gine na kwamfuta ya haɗa da ƙirar fasahar kwakwalwar kwamfuta da ake kira da "CPU", tsarin matsayi na cache, Ƙungiyar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, da daidaita nauyin kaya. === Ra'ayi na kwamfuta da robotics === [[Fayil:Humanoid_Robot_(1)_ITB_2017.JPG|thumb|Misali na mutum-mutumi]] A cikin wannan fannin na ƙwarewa, injiniyoyin kwamfuta suna mai da hankali kan haɓaka fasahar jin gani don jin yanayin, wakiltar muhalli, da sarrafa muhalli. Ana aiwatar da bayanan da aka tattara na uku don yin ayyuka daban-daban. Wadannan sun hada da ingantaccen samfurin mutum da ake kira "Robot" mutum-mutumi, sadarwa ta hoto, da kuma haɗin mutum da kwamfuta, da kuma na'urori kamar kyamarori masu amfani na musamman tare da na'urorin gani masu amfani.<ref name="SCCC"/> === Tsarin da aka saka === [[Fayil:Oxygen_devices.svg|alt=|thumb|Misalan na'urorin da ke amfani da tsarin da aka saka]] Mutanen da ke aiki a wannan yanki fasahar ƙira don haɓaka saurin da ake bukata kwamfuta yayi, amintacce, da aikin tsarin. Ana samun tsarin da aka saka a cikin na'urori da yawa daga ƙaramin rediyo na FM wanda keda saukin amfani da komwa domin jamaa su saurari shirin gidan redio zuwa jirgin dake zuwa sararin samaniya. A cewar Cibiyar Ayyuka ta Sloan Cornerstone, ci gaba da ci gaba a cikin tsarin da aka saka sun haɗa da "''motoci da kayan aiki na atomatik don gudanar da bincike da ceto, tsarin sufuri na atomatik, da daidaitawar mutum-robot don gyara kayan aiki a sararin samaniya.'' " <ref name="SCCC"/> Ya zuwa shekara ta dubu biyu da sha takwas 2018 , ƙwarewar tsarin da aka sanya na kwamfuta sun haɗa da tsarin tsarin-a-chip, gine-ginen ƙididdigar gefen da Intanet na abubuwa. === Da'irori masu hadin kai, ƙirar VLSI, gwaji da CAD === Wannan ƙwarewar injiniyan kwamfuta tana buƙatar isasshen ilimin lantarki da tsarin yadda ake sarrafa lantarki. Injiniyoyi da ke aiki a wannan fanni suna aiki akan inganta saurin na'urar da samun amincewa, da ingancin makamashi na ƙarni na gaba da keɓaɓɓen ƙira (VLSI) da kuma microsystems. Misali na wannan ƙwarewa shine aikin da aka yi akan rage amfani da wutar lantarki na algorithms na VLSI da gine-gine.<ref name="SCCC"/> [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] == Manazarta == 4gb2hvv1wt7ljai9i3nxs64eycz57cd 0 111530 826396 692757 2026-04-26T04:48:00Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826396 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Databox}}{{Reflist}} Dokar Kula da Kula da Kulawa ta Kamfanoni ta 2024 (2024/1760) umarni ne a cikin [[European Union law|Dokar Tarayyar Turai (EU)]] don buƙatar ƙwarewar da ta dace ga kamfanoni don hana mummunar tasirin haƙƙin ɗan adam da muhalli a cikin ayyukan kamfanin da kuma a fadin [[Value chain|sarkar darajar]] su.<ref name="dlapiper3">{{Cite web |title=EU's Proposed Directive on Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence: What US companies need to know {{!}} DLA Piper |url=https://www.dlapiper.com/en-us/insights/publications/global-esg-alert/2023/eus-proposed-directive-on-corporate-sustainability-due-diligence-what-us-companies-need-to-know |access-date=13 January 2024 |website=www.dlapiper.com |language=en-US }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> An karbe shi a cikin shekara ta 2024.{{Refn|<ref>{{cite web |title=Corporate sustainability due diligence: Council gives its final approval |url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2024/05/24/corporate-sustainability-due-diligence-council-gives-its-final-approval/ |publisher=Council of the EU |access-date=30 July 2024 |date=24 May 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Corporate sustainability due diligence - European Commission |url=https://commission.europa.eu/business-economy-euro/doing-business-eu/sustainability-due-diligence-responsible-business/corporate-sustainability-due-diligence_en |website=commission.europa.eu |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Scott |first1=Mike |title=ESG Watch: New European human rights rules leave companies with 'big gap to close' |url=https://www.reuters.com/sustainability/society-equity/esg-watch-new-european-human-rights-rules-leave-companies-with-big-gap-close-2024-07-11/ |access-date=30 July 2024}}</ref>}} == Shirye-shiryen == CSDDD ta kafa tsarin aiki tuƙuru ga kamfanoni don gano ainihin ko yiwuwar haɗari da lahani ga haƙƙin ɗan adam da [[Yanayi na halitta|muhalli]] gami da kafa matakai da ƙa'idodi don rage waɗannan haɗari. Umurnin zai shafi "jerin ayyukan" na kamfani, da kuma ayyukan da ke fadin rassan kamfanin a ciki da waje da [[Turai]]. Manufar umarnin ita ce inganta tsarin tsari kan haƙƙin ɗan adam da [[Sustainability|dorewa]], wanda zai taimaka wajen sauya EU zuwa tattalin arzikin tsaka-tsaki da kore. Bugu da ƙari, CSDDD za ta kafa [[Consistency|daidaito]] a kan umarni daban-daban a cikin [[Tarayyar Turai]].<ref name="dlapiper2">{{Cite web |title=EU's Proposed Directive on Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence: What US companies need to know {{!}} DLA Piper |url=https://www.dlapiper.com/en-us/insights/publications/global-esg-alert/2023/eus-proposed-directive-on-corporate-sustainability-due-diligence-what-us-companies-need-to-know |access-date=13 January 2024 |website=www.dlapiper.com |language=en-US |archive-date=13 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240113160254/https://www.dlapiper.com/en-us/insights/publications/global-esg-alert/2023/eus-proposed-directive-on-corporate-sustainability-due-diligence-what-us-companies-need-to-know |url-status=dead }}</ref> === Kamfanoni a cikin iyaka === Kamfanonin EU tare da jujjuyawar duniya sama da Miliyan 450 daga shekarar da ta gabata tare da ma'aikata sama da 1000 an haɗa su. Ga kamfanonin da ba na EU ba, kamfanoni masu cinikin EU na musamman na Miliyan 450 sun shafi. A lokuta biyu, Art 37 ya hango aiwatar da CSDDD, farawa tare da kamfanoni sama da Yuro biliyan 1.5 na shekarar da ta gabata har zuwa 26.07.2027 (da sama da ma'aikata 6000 ga kamfanonin EU) da kuma 900 Mio Yuro na shekara guda har zuwa 26.072028. Ƙananan da matsakaitan kamfanoni (SMEs) da ƙananan kamfanoni ba su damu da dokokin da aka gabatar ba. Koyaya, shawarar tana ba da matakan tallafi ga SMEs, wanda zai iya shafar kai tsaye.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web |date=23 February 2022 |title=Corporate sustainability due diligence - European Commission |url=https://commission.europa.eu/business-economy-euro/doing-business-eu/corporate-sustainability-due-diligence_en |access-date=13 January 2024 |website=commission.europa.eu |language=en}}</ref> === Matsi === Ana aiwatar da ka'idojin ayyukan daraktoci ta hanyar dokokin membobin da ke akwai. Dokokin da ke kan [[Corporate sustainability|dorewar kamfanoni]] za a aiwatar da su ta hanyar kulawar gudanarwa. [[Member state of the European Union|Kasashen membobin Tarayyar Turai]] za su sanya ikon kula da aiwatar da umarnin, gami da tarar da umarnin bin doka. Tarayyar Turai za ta kafa Cibiyar Kula da Hukumomin Turai wacce za ta hada wakilan kasashe membobin don tabbatar da tsarin daidaitawa. Jihohin membobin za su tabbatar da cewa wadanda abin ya shafa sun sami diyya don lalacewar da ta haifar da gazawar yin biyayya.<ref name="auto2">{{Cite web |date=23 February 2022 |title=Corporate sustainability due diligence - European Commission |url=https://commission.europa.eu/business-economy-euro/doing-business-eu/corporate-sustainability-due-diligence_en |access-date=13 January 2024 |website=commission.europa.eu |language=en}}</ref> == Tarihi == Hukumar Tarayyar Turai ce ta gabatar da CSDDD a ranar 23 ga Fabrairu 2022. A ranar 1 ga Disamba 2022, Majalisar Tarayyar Turai ta amince da nata hanyar da za a rubuta. A ranar 1 ga Yuni 2023, Majalisar Tarayyar Turai ta amince da CSDDD a matsayin daftarin da za a tattauna don sauran shekara.<ref name="dlapiper">{{Cite web |title=EU's Proposed Directive on Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence: What US companies need to know {{!}} DLA Piper |url=https://www.dlapiper.com/en-us/insights/publications/global-esg-alert/2023/eus-proposed-directive-on-corporate-sustainability-due-diligence-what-us-companies-need-to-know |access-date=13 January 2024 |website=www.dlapiper.com |language=en-US }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Da farko, aiwatar da dokar umarnin ya gaza a cikin kuri'a a Majalisar a ranar 28 ga Fabrairu 2024, saboda yawancin da ake buƙata na akalla kasashe 15 membobin EU, waɗanda tare suna wakiltar akalla 65% na yawan EU, ba a cimma su ba. Shugaban Majalisar Belgium ya ba da sanarwar cewa zai bincika ko za a iya rage damuwar kasashe membobin ta hanyar tuntubar Majalisar Tarayyar Turai. Bayan ci gaba da tattaunawa, kasashe membobin EU sun amince da wani nau'i mai rauni na umarnin a ranar 15 ga Maris 2024, wanda yanzu ya sami mafi rinjaye. Jamus, wacce ke da [[Supply Chain Act|Dokar Sadarwar Sayarwa]], ta guje wa saboda matsayinta na ciki na toshewar ƙaramar jam'iyya a cikin hadin gwiwar da ke mulki, [[Free Democratic Party (Germany)|FDP]] mai sassaucin ra'ayi na tattalin arziki. Koyaya, Italiya ta gamsu da canje-canjen, wanda ya haifar da mafi rinjaye ba tare da amincewar [[Scholz cabinet|gwamnatin hadin gwiwar Jamus]] ba. A ranar 24 ga Mayu 2024, Majalisar Tarayyar Turai ta amince da umarnin. Za a haɗa shi cikin dokokin cikin gida a cikin shekaru biyu ta dukkan kasashe membobin Tarayyar Turai.<ref name="dlapiper"/> A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2024, Hukumar Tarayyar Turai ta ba da sanarwar shirye-shiryen hada da Dokar Rahoton Kasuwanci (CSRD), Dokar Kasuwanci ta Kasuwanci na Kasuwanci da Kasuwanci a cikin tsari ɗaya. Wannan shirin yana da niyyar sauƙaƙe rahoto na dorewa da rage nauyin gudanarwa akan kasuwanci. Majalisar Tarayyar Turai da kasashe membobin EU a halin yanzu suna la'akari da wannan shawarar.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abnett |first=Kate |date=26 February 2025 |title=Europe plans to ease sustainability reporting rules to compete globally |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/eu-set-propose-sweeping-red-tape-cuts-boost-business-competitiveness-2025-02-26/}}</ref> A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2025, [[Qatar]] ta yi barazanar dakatar da isar da LNG zuwa Turai idan Tarayyar Turai ta ci gaba da gabatar da ka'idojin da ke danganta cinikayya da haƙƙin ɗan adam da ka'idodin muhalli. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 6zn6ihje2t80qp5mip3uyychjbvv5jc 0 111546 826599 692839 2026-04-26T08:14:03Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826599 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Databox}} Eagle Forum kungiya ce mai ba da shawara [[Conservatism in the United States|mai ra'ayin mazan jiya]] a [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]] wacce [[Phyllis Schlafly]] ta kafa a shekarar 1972. Yana mai da hankali kan [[Social issue|Batutuwan zamantakewa]], yana da ra'ayin mazan jiya kuma yana bayyana kansa a matsayin mai [[Pro-family|goyon bayan iyali]]. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Reischman |first=Collin |date=2015-02-02 |title=Martin will not seek MRP Chairman post |url=https://themissouritimes.com/martin-will-not-seek-mrp-chairman-post/ |access-date=2024-09-13 |website=The Missouri Times |language=en}}</ref> Masu sukar sun bayyana shi a matsayin mai [[Antifeminism|adawa da mata]], mai adawa na LGBT, mai tsattsauran ra'ayi, da kuma dama. Kungiyar [[501(c) organization#501(c)(4)|501 (c) (4)]] ce, tana da alaƙa da Asusun Ilimi da Tsaro na Eagle Forum, wanda ba riba ba ne na 501 (C) (3), da kuma Kwamitin Ayyukan Siyasa na Eagle Forum (PAC). <ref name=":32">{{Cite court|url=https://www.supremecourt.gov/DocketPDF/20/20-1026/167150/20210125151547390_ETF%20USPS%20Pet%20App.pdf}}</ref> Tana shirya Majalisar Eagle, horo na shekara-shekara ga masu magana da ra'ayin mazan jiya. Bayan Eagle Forum ya amince da Ted Cruz a zaben 2016, mambobin kwamitin, ciki har da Phyllis Schlafly, wanda ya goyi bayan yakin neman zaben shugaban kasa na Donald Trump na 2016 ya bar kungiyar kuma ya kafa Phyllis Schlefly Eagles, <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Moseley |first=Brandon |date=28 May 2020 |title=Phyllis Schlafly Eagles' President Ed Martin endorses Bill Hightower for Congress |url=https://www.alreporter.com/2020/05/28/phyllis-schlafly-eagles-president-ed-martin-endorses-bill-hightower-for-congress/ |access-date=12 March 2021 |website=Alabama Political Reporter}}</ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=September 19, 2018 |title=Annual Eagle Council honors Phyllis Schlafly with three days of far-right conspiracy theories |url=https://www.splcenter.org/hatewatch/2018/09/19/annual-eagle-council-honors-phyllis-schlafly-three-days-far-right-conspiracy-theories |access-date=2024-09-13 |website=Southern Poverty Law Center |language=en}}</ref> 501 (c) (4), da Phyllis schlafly's Eagle PAC. == Tarihi == A shekara ta 1967, Phyllis Schlafly ta ƙaddamar da Asusun Amincewa na Eagle don karɓar gudummawa da ke da alaƙa da abubuwan ra'ayin mazan jiya. Bayan shawarar 1972 na Kwaskwarimar Hakkin Haɗin Kai (ERA), Schlafly ta sake tsara ƙoƙarinta don kayar da tabbatar da ita, ta kafa ƙungiyar "Stop ERA" kuma ta fara Eagle Forum Newsletter . A shekara ta 1975, an sake sunan Stop ERA da Eagle Forum . <ref name="diamond" /> Taron Eagle ya kasance wani ɓangare na [[New Right#Second New Right|Sabon Dama]] a cikin shekarun 1970s, wanda ya jaddada batutuwan zamantakewa masu mahimmanci ga [[Christian right|Hakkin Kirista]] a cikin ƙungiyar masu ra'ayin mazan jiya.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Meagher |first=Richard |date=2009-06-10 |title=Remembering the New Right: Political Strategy and the Building of the GOP Coalition |url=https://politicalresearch.org/2009/06/10/remembering-the-new-right-political-strategy-and-the-building-of-the-gop-coalition |journal=Political Research Associates |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Irin wannan rukuni, Mata masu damuwa don Amurka, an kafa su a 1979, kuma dukansu biyu sun girma bayan zaben [[Ronald Reagan]] a 1981. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Cuniberti |first=Betty |date=1985-10-02 |title=Other Voices Crying Out Against the Feminists : Concerned Women for America at 2nd Convention Join Other Conservatives |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1985-10-02-vw-16246-story.html |access-date=2024-09-14 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}</ref> An shirya Asusun Ilimi da Tsaro na Eagle Forum a cikin 1981 a matsayin reshe mai zaman kansa na Eagle Forum . <ref>{{Cite court|url=https://casetext.com/case/eagle-forum-v-phyllis-schlaflys-am-eagles-1}}</ref> Kungiyar agaji ce da za a iya cire haraji a karkashin lambar Internal Revenue Service (IRS). A shekara ta 1994, kwamitin siyasa na Eagle Forum ya tara $ 250,000 ga 'yan takarar Majalisar Dattijai da Majalisar Wakilai.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rivenburg |first=Roy |date=1996-07-02 |title=Gale-Force Phyllis |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1996-07-02-ls-20341-story.html |access-date=2024-09-14 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}</ref> A tsakiyar 2000s, Eagle Forum, tare da John Birch Society, sun tattara adawa mai ra'ayin mazan jiya ga abin da ake kira Tarayyar Arewacin Amurka da kuma Tsaro da Haɗin Kai na Arewacin Amurka. A sakamakon ayyukan kungiyoyi biyu, majalisun dokoki na jihohi 23 sun ga an gabatar da takardun kudi da ke Allah wadai da NAU yayin da aka hana gwamnatocin Bush da Obama "daga kowane babban shiri".<ref name="Pastor 2011 p.">{{Cite book|last3=Robert Pastor}}</ref> Membobin Eagle Forum sun yi aiki sau da yawa a cikin [[Jam'iyyar Republican (Amurka)|Jam'iyyar Republican]]. Shugaban kungiyar Eagle Forum ta jihar Texas, [[Cathie Adams]], an nada shi a matsayin mata kwamitin Jamhuriyar Republican daga Texas a taron jihar a shekara ta 2008 sannan, a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2009, an zaba shi a matsayin shugaban rikon kwarya na [[Republican Party of Texas|Jam'iyyar Republican ta Texas]]. A cikin 2015, an nada Ed Martin don cin nasara Phyllis Schlafly a matsayin Shugaban Eagle Forum, amma an cire shi daga mukamin a cikin 2016. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kohler |first=Jeremy |last2=Kroll |first2=Andy |date=2025-04-24 |title=The Untold Story of How Ed Martin Ghostwrote Online Attacks Against a Judge — and Still Became a Top Trump Prosecutor |url=https://www.propublica.org/article/ed-martin-trump-interim-dc-us-attorney-secret-judge-attacks |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250424100054/https://www.propublica.org/article/ed-martin-trump-interim-dc-us-attorney-secret-judge-attacks |archive-date=2025-04-24 |access-date=2025-04-24 |website=[[ProPublica]] |language=en}}</ref> === Phyllis Schlafly Eagles === Rikici tsakanin shugabannin Eagle Forum, gami da wasu daga cikin 'ya'yan Schlafly, ya haifar da fadace-fadacen kotu, tun daga shekarar 2016. <ref name="Bernthal 20162">{{Cite web |last=Bernthal |first=Jeff |date=April 26, 2016 |title=Eagle Forum split lands in court |url=https://fox2now.com/news/eagle-forum-split-lands-in-court/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160429180405/http://fox2now.com/2016/04/26/eagle-forum-split-lands-in-court/ |archive-date=April 29, 2016 |access-date=May 28, 2024 |website=FOX 2}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Dunn |first=Rachael Herndon |date=2016-04-29 |title=Ed Martin tries to drag Roe into Eagle Forum mess |url=https://themissouritimes.com/ed-martin-tries-to-drag-roe-into-eagle-forum-mess/ |access-date=2024-09-14 |website=The Missouri Times |language=en}}</ref> Mambobin kwamitin da suka goyi bayan yakin neman zaben shugaban kasa na Donald Trump na 2016 sun bar kungiyar kuma sun kafa Phyllis Schlafly Eagles, wata kungiya ta 501 (c) (4) daban.<ref name=":52">{{Cite web |last=Moseley |first=Brandon |date=28 May 2020 |title=Phyllis Schlafly Eagles' President Ed Martin endorses Bill Hightower for Congress |url=https://www.alreporter.com/2020/05/28/phyllis-schlafly-eagles-president-ed-martin-endorses-bill-hightower-for-congress/ |access-date=12 March 2021 |website=Alabama Political Reporter}}</ref><ref name=":22">{{Cite web |date=September 19, 2018 |title=Annual Eagle Council honors Phyllis Schlafly with three days of far-right conspiracy theories |url=https://www.splcenter.org/hatewatch/2018/09/19/annual-eagle-council-honors-phyllis-schlafly-three-days-far-right-conspiracy-theories |access-date=2024-09-13 |website=Southern Poverty Law Center |language=en}}</ref> Phyllis Schlafly Eagles kuma ta kafa kwamitin siyasa, Phyllis Schlefly's Eagle PAC . <ref>{{Cite web |last=McDermott |first=Kevin |date=2016-09-13 |title=Eagle Forum board members accuse Martin of trying to 'monetize' Schlafly's name in wake of her death |url=https://www.stltoday.com/news/local/government-politics/eagle-forum-board-members-accuse-martin-of-trying-to-monetize-schlaflys-name-in-wake-of/article_6dae1d45-e3b7-5452-ba4c-2ae4004ae58a.html |access-date=2024-09-14 |website=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |language=en}}</ref> Shugabannin kungiyoyin sun kai wa juna karar kan amfani da jerin wasikun kungiyar, amfani da sunan Schlafly da hotonsa, da kuma batutuwan da suka shafi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kohler |first=Jeremy |date=October 22, 2016 |title=Judge orders shakeup of Schlafly's Eagle Forum |url=https://www.salina.com/story/news/politics/2016/10/22/judge-orders-shakeup-schlafly-s/21174921007/ |access-date=2024-09-14 |website=Salina Journal |language=en-US |agency=St. Louis Post-Dispatch}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Mannies |first=Jo |date=2017-01-03 |title=Battle over Phyllis Schlafly's legacy intensifies, with her children at the center |url=https://www.stlpr.org/government-politics-issues/2017-01-02/battle-over-phyllis-schlaflys-legacy-intensifies-with-her-children-at-the-center |access-date=2024-09-14 |website=STLPR |language=en}}</ref> A cikin 2017, Eagle Forum ya bayyana cewa Ed Martin, John Schlafly, Andy Schlafly da Kathleen Sullivan ba su da wata alaƙa da Eagle Forum.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Montgomery |first=Peter |date=2018-07-27 |title=Eagle Forum Slams Competitor For Using Phyllis Schlafly Name While Supporting Pro-Choice Candidate |url=https://www.rightwingwatch.org/post/eagle-forum-slams-competitor-for-using-phyllis-schlafly-name-while-supporting-pro-choice-candidate/ |access-date=2024-09-14 |website=Right Wing Watch |language=en-US}}</ref> Ed Martin, shugaban Phyllis Schlafly Eagles da Eagle Forum Education & Legal Defense Fund, ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin darektan manufofin dandamali na [[Republican National Committee|Kwamitin Jamhuriyar Republican]] a shekarar 2024. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mannies |first=Jo |date=2017-01-03 |title=Battle over Phyllis Schlafly's legacy intensifies, with her children at the center |url=https://www.stlpr.org/government-politics-issues/2017-01-02/battle-over-phyllis-schlaflys-legacy-intensifies-with-her-children-at-the-center |access-date=2024-09-14 |website=St. Louis Public Radio (STLPR) |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":62">{{Cite web |last=Steakin |first=Will |last2=Kim |first2=Soo Rin |date=July 9, 2024 |title=Trump is trying to distance himself from Project 2025 -- but its architects helped shape his RNC party platform |url=https://abcnews.go.com/US/trump-distance-project-2025-architects-helped-shape-rnc/story?id=111759747 |access-date=2024-09-14 |website=ABC News |language=en}}</ref> == Matsayi na siyasa da zamantakewa == Taron Eagle yana da hannu a cikin batutuwan masu ra'ayin mazan jiya. Taron Eagle yana tallafawa ilimin Ingilishi kawai a makarantu. Tana adawa da tallafin tarayya don Kula da rana da Ilimin jima'i. Schlafly ya bayyana taron Eagle a matsayin madadin 'yancin mata.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sullivan |first=Patricia |date=2016-09-05 |title=Phyllis Schlafly, political activist who helped push GOP to the right, dead at 92 |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/2016/09/05/phyllis-schlafly-political-activist-who-helped-push-gop-to-the-right-dead-at-92/ |access-date=2024-09-14 |website=Chicago Tribune |language=en-US}}</ref> Yana adawa da batutuwan mata da yawa, waɗanda wanda ya kafa Phyllis Schlafly ya yi iƙirarin cewa "masu lalata sosai" kuma "sun lalata halayen 'yan mata da yawa". Kungiyar ta yi imani ne kawai a cikin iyali wanda ya kunshi uba, uwa da yara. Suna goyon bayan 'yancin mata na zaɓar zama "ma'aikatan gida na cikakken lokaci", kuma suna adawa da auren jinsi ɗaya.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Join Eagle Forum and Phyllis Schlafly -- Join Eagle Forum so you will have a voice at the U.S. Capitol and at State Capitols |url=http://www.eagleforum.org/misc/descript.html |access-date=2015-12-02 |website=www.eagleforum.org}}</ref> Eagle Forum yana adawa da zubar da ciki. Ya kare matsin lamba don gwamnati ta cire kudade na Planned Parenthood . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Planned Parenthood's Odious Activities - Eagle Forum |url=http://www.eagleforum.org/publications/column/planned-parenthoods-odious-activities.html |access-date=2015-12-02 |website=Eagle Forum |language=en-US}}</ref> === Hamayya da ERA === [[Fayil:STOP_ERA.gif|thumb|Alamar da aka yi amfani da ita don alamomi da maɓallan abokan adawar ERA]] Bayan samun tallace-tallace don littafinta, A Choice, Not an Echo, Phyllis Schlafly ta fara gwagwarmayarta game da tabbatar da [[Kwaskwarimar Daidaita Hakki|Kwaskwarimar Daidaitaccen Hakki (ERA)]] . ERA ta wuce a Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka da kuri'un 354 zuwa 23. Watanni biyar bayan haka, gyaran ya wuce a Majalisar Dattijai tare da kuri'un 84 zuwa 8, kuma mambobi 7 sun guje. Don a karbe shi cikin Kundin Tsarin Mulki, dole ne kashi uku cikin hudu (38) na jihohi su tabbatar da gyare-gyaren. Daga nan Schlafly ta sake tsara kokarin ta don kayar da tabbatar da ita, ta kafa kungiyar "STOP ERA" kuma ta fara Eagle Forum Newsletter. An kafa STOP ERA a cikin fall of 1972 wata kungiya da aka sadaukar don cin nasarar Kwaskwarimar Hakkin Daidaitawa. Sunan kungiyar shine acronym don kalmar "Stop Taking Our Privileges". == Shirye-shirye da ayyukan == Tsaro yana da shirin "Teen Eagles" don yara masu shekaru 13-19, da kuma "Eagle Forum Collegians" don ɗaliban koleji masu ra'ayin mazan jiya. Dan Phyllis Schlafly, Andrew Schlafly، ya fara Conservapedia, aikin encyclopedia na wiki, tare da dalibai daga aikin "Eagle Forum University".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Vettese |first=Troy |title=What's the Difference Between Wikipedia and Conservapedia? |url=https://www.historynewsnetwork.org/article/whats-the-difference-between-wikipedia-and-conserv |access-date=2024-09-14 |website=History News Network |language=en}}</ref> Har ila yau akwai surori na jihar na Taron Eagle, kamar Utah Eagle Forum karkashin jagorancin Gayle Ruzicka . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Schott |first=Bryan |date=January 10, 2022 |title=Eagle Forum conference helps inject fringe ideas into Utah’s political mainstream |url=https://www.sltrib.com/news/politics/2022/01/10/eagle-forum-conference/ |access-date=2024-09-14 |website=The Salt Lake Tribune |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Doug |date=2004-11-07 |title=Eagle eye: Moral crusader Ruzicka wields 'phone tree' |url=https://www.deseret.com/2004/11/7/19859730/eagle-eye-moral-crusader-ruzicka-wields-phone-tree/ |access-date=2024-09-14 |website=Deseret News |language=en}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist|2}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] mkzj6ja3ugq2458k136ludkr3i7sk9m 0 111960 826444 693910 2026-04-26T07:12:36Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826444 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Databox}} '''Wayang-Windu''' dutsen mai aman wuta ne tagwaye wanda ya kunshi '''Dutsen Wayang''' ( [[Indonesian language|Indonesian]] : ''Gunung Wayang'', "Dutsen Shadow") da '''Dutsen Windu''' . Suna kusa da gabashin garin [[Pangalengan]] a cikin [[Bandung Regency]] ( ''Kabupaten'' ko ''Gundumar'' ) a [[West Java|Yammacin Java]], [[Indonesiya|Indonesia]], kimanin {{Convert|40|km|}} kudu da birnin [[Bandung]] . Yankin ya kasance wani aiki na [[Geothermal energy|geothermal]] mai aiki. Dutsen Wayang yana da {{Convert|750|m||-2}} fadi [[Volcanic crater|mai zurfi]] mai zurfi wanda ke ɗaukar ƙungiyoyi huɗu na [[Fumarole|fumaroles]] . Dutsen Windu yana da {{Convert|350|m||-2}} babban rami. Rukunin tsaunin Wayang-Windu wani bangare ne na rarrabuwar ruwa da ke raba manyan rukunin rafi guda biyu a Java, wanda ya raba yankunan arewa da kudanci. Wannan iyaka ta ruwa ta tashi daga gabas zuwa yammacin tsibirin Java. Tsaunukan gabas na tsaunukan Wayang-Windu wani bangare ne na tsarin rafin kogin Citarum, inda magudanan ruwa da suka samo asali daga wadannan gangaren tsaunuka suka hade tare da babban kogin da ke kwarara, daga karshe kuma su taso zuwa gabar tekun arewacin Java, su kuma kwarara cikin tekun Java. A daya bangaren kuma, gangaren yammaci wani bangare ne na tsarin rafin kogin Cilaki, inda magudanan ruwa daga wadannan tsaunukan tsaunuka ke hade da babban kogin suna kwarara zuwa gabar tekun kudancin Java, daga karshe su kai Tekun Indiya. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Hidrologi |url=http://www.garutkab.go.id/page/hidrologi |access-date=2023-11-06 |website=www.garutkab.go.id |language=id}}</ref> <ref name="WebGIS">{{Cite web |title=Peta Interaktif |url=http://webgis.menlhk.go.id/ |access-date=2023-11-05 |website=WebGIS MenLHK |language=id |archive-date=2022-08-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220802140020/http://webgis.menlhk.go.id/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 1oxitr1wosjy26b8n3plg9z2wlgv8fx 0 112056 826439 707136 2026-04-26T07:10:44Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826439 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:Shag_Rock.JPG|thumb|Rapanui (Shag Rock) bayan girgizar 22 ga Fabrairu 2011.]] [[Fayil:ShagRockSumner.JPG|thumb|Rapanui (Shag Rock). Kafin girgizar asa na 2011]] '''Shag Rock''' (wanda aka fi sani da '''Rapanui''' ) tulin teku ne wanda ke alamar ƙofar Avon Heathcote Estuary kusa da Christchurch, [[Sabuwar Zelandiya|New Zealand]]. Fitacciyar alamar ƙasa ce ga masu tuƙi a teku da kuma matafiya a kan hanyar zuwa Sumner . Dutsen yana tsaye kusa da gaɓar kudu kusa da ƙananan matakin kogin. A cikin watan Fabrairun 2011 girgizar kasa na Christchurch ta farfashe kuma ragowar, waɗanda har yanzu ana iya ganin su daga hanya, tare da baƙar dariya da wasu mazauna yankin, ake kira " ''Shag Pile'' " (wani nau'in nau'in kafet). Ko da yake ba a amfani da shi ta hanyar jigilar kaya, ana iya samun damar tashar har zuwa Ferrymead ta amfani da tasoshin daftarin ruwa har zuwa kusan tan 30 idan an ketare shingen Sumner cikin yanayi mai kyau na iska, teku da magudanar ruwa. Tashar jigilar kayayyaki zuwa gaɓar ta ta'allaka ne ga arewacin dutsen. == Toponymy == [[Fayil:Rapanui_Rock_during_sunset,_Sumner,_Christchurch,_New_Zealand.jpg|right|thumb|Rapanui a faɗuwar rana]] '''Rapanui''' shine sunan Māori na " ''baƙar fata, dutse mai kama da haƙori'' " a bakin rairayin bakin teku a bakin Avon-Heathcote Estuary, a cewar James Cowan lokacin da ya sake ba da labarin tarihin Māori mai shekaru 200. <ref name="Andersen">{{Cite web |last=Andersen |first=Johnannes C. |date=1927 |title=Map of Banks Peninsula showing principal surviving European and Maori place-names (in: Place-names of Banks Peninsula : a topographical history) |url=https://christchurchcitylibraries.com/Heritage/Maps/536127.asp |access-date=12 January 2021 |publisher=Govt. Printer}}</ref> A cewar al'adar Waitaha Taiwhenua o Waitaki sunan yana nufin ''babban tashar jirgin ruwa'' kuma yana daya daga cikin tsoffin alamomin ''Te Wai Pounamu'', yana tsaye a bakin kofar Ōpāwaho/Ōtākaro (Heathcote/Avon). <ref name="Rapanui-ShagRock">{{Cite web |title=Rapanui – Shag Rock |url=https://my.christchurchcitylibraries.com/ti-kouka-whenua/rapanui/ |access-date=13 January 2021 |website=my.christchurchcitylibraries.com |publisher=Christchurch City Libraries}}</ref> Sumner Town Clerk, JF Menzies, ya ba da shawarar cewa ma'aikatan jirgin na Māori da ke gabatowa dutsen daga bakin teku za su iya cewa " ''Te Rapanui'' " - "babban tashar jirgin ruwa" lokacin da suka ga ginin dutsen saboda ya yi kama da "babban mashigin kwalekwale tare da gindinsa yana shimfida kasa." Wani madadin fassarar ''duwatsun da aka tarwatse a cikin ƙasa'' shima ya dace, a cewar Gordon Ogilvie, ɗan tarihi na gida. Majalisar Sumner Borough Council ta yanke shawarar cewa za a san dutsen da Rapanui a cikin duk takardunsa na hukuma, tare da ba da suna iri ɗaya tafkin ruwa da ke kusa. '''Shag Rock''' ya bayyana a matsayin sunan wannan siffa akan taswirar binciken HMS Pandora na Disamba 1854 na Sumner Bar. <ref name="Andersen"/> Ya bayyana azaman fasalin da ba a bayyana sunansa ba akan taswira tun farkon 1852. Tun lokacin da girgizar kasa ta 2011 ta rushe dutsen kuma ta warwatsa wasu ɓangarorin, dutsen dutsen, wanda ya ragu sosai, an kira shi ''Shag Pile'', pun akan salon kafet ko, mafi rashin tausayi, kamar ''Shagged Rock'', ta wasu mazauna yankin da ke da ma'anar jin dadi. == Geology == Dutsen wani [[Sea stack|tulin teku]] ne wanda aka keɓe shi daga dutsen da ke kusa da shi ta hanyoyi daban-daban na bazuwar. Canje-canjen girma da siffar dutsen da aka gani a cikin jerin girgizar ƙasa na 2010-2011 suna cikin wannan tsari na halitta mai gudana. Rushewar dutsen da aka gani a girgizar kasa na baya-bayan nan yana nuna yadda tulin dutsen ya katse daga fuskar dutsen. Har ila yau, filin dutsen da ke gefen tulun dutsen yana nuna cewa tarin ya fi girma sosai a zamanin da aka riga aka kafa tarihi. === Kafin girgizar kasa na Canterbury na 2011 === Dutsen ya tashi kimanin {{Convert|11|m}} sama da tekun, ya danganta da yanayin ruwan tekun . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Geographic Features of Significance |url=http://archived.ccc.govt.nz/archived/1999/CommunityPlan/Hagley-Ferrymead/page38-40.pdf |access-date=2011-09-27 |publisher=[[Christchurch City Council]]}}</ref> === 2011 Canterbury girgizar kasa === Ya rushe a lokacin girgizar kasa mai lamba 6.3 na 22 Fabrairu 2011, wanda ya rage tsayinsa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-04-08 |title=On shaky ground |url=http://www.stuff.co.nz/the-press/lifestyle/avenues/features/4864494/On-shaky-ground |url-status=deviated |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110515043859/http://www.stuff.co.nz/the-press/lifestyle/avenues/features/4864494/On-shaky-ground |archive-date=15 May 2011 |access-date=2011-09-27 |publisher=[[Stuff (website)|Stuff]]}}</ref> == Kewayawa da jigilar kaya == Dutsen sanannen wuri ne ga masu tuƙi a teku da kuma matafiya a kan hanyar zuwa Sumner . Yana alamar fitowar daga Estuary Avon Heathcote . Dutsen yana tsaye kusa da bakin tekun kudu kuma ana iya samunsa daga bakin rairayin bakin teku. Saboda tsayinsa da rabuwa da tsaunin baya yana aiki azaman alamar kewayawa ta halitta wanda tsaki za su iya amfani da su don yin hukunci akan matsayin jirgin ruwa a cikin teku, musamman lokacin da yake kusa da bakin teku a cikin magudanan ruwa a kusa da Bar Sumner. <ref name="NZPilot" /> A cikin karni na 19th magudanar ruwa ya kwararo kusa da bakin teku, ƙetaren rairayin bakin teku zuwa Dutsen Kogon da ke kusa kafin ya tashi zuwa teku. <ref name="NZPilot" /> Lokacin da ''HMS Pandora'' ya bincika yankin mashaya a cikin 1854, yashi mai girma daga kudu maso kudu ya fallasa a cikin rabin kogin ruwa na yawancin rairayin bakin teku na Sumner kuma tashar da ke fitowa ta share yankin bakin teku ba tare da yashi ba, ta samar da ƙaramin bakin teku inda yanzu akwai babban rairayin bakin teku. Tsohon bakin tekun ya bayyana daga Hotunan tarihi da zanen bakin tekun Sumner da ke nuna hanyoyi a bakin ruwa, da jetty zuwa bakin teku inda ɗakunan shayi na bakin rairayin bakin teku suke yanzu. A lokacin binciken ''HMS Pandora'', tashar jigilar kayayyaki ta buƙaci jiragen ruwa su yi tafiya kusa da kusan kai tsaye a Cave Rock kafin su zagaye gwiwa a tashar kuma su haye rairayin bakin teku don zagaye Shag Rock. A yau, tashar da ke tsakanin bakin teku da teku tana gudana kai tsaye zuwa teku a gefen arewacin dutse. Ko da yake ba a sake amfani da shi ta hanyar jigilar kayayyaki, ana iya samun damar tashar har zuwa Ferrymead ta amfani da tasoshin daftarin ruwa har zuwa kusan tan 30, idan an ketare sandar cikin yanayi mai kyau na iska, teku da magudanar ruwa. Jiragen ruwa na iya hawa kogin Avon har zuwa ''tubalin'' da titin [[Barbados]] a tsakiyar birni, da kuma sama da kogin Heathcote har zuwa inda gadar Radley Street take yanzu. Masu shayarwa za su iya tafiya cikin sauƙi har zuwa Steam Wharf, ta hanyar Tunnel Road a kan titin Ferry, inda akwai yau. Sama da Steam Wharf kogin Heathcote ya zama kunkuntar don masu tururi su juya, masana'antu. == Fasaha da Al'adu == Shag Rock da muhallinsa ya kasance batun fasaha tun karni na 19. === Hotuna === Shag Rock ya kasance batun hotuna daga farkon 1861. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Barker |first=Alfred Charles |date=January 1861 |title=Glass Plate Positive Stereograph Slide: Shag Rock |url=https://collection.canterburymuseum.com/objects/221212/glass-plate-positive-stereograph-slide-shag-rock |access-date=20 January 2021 |quote=One landscape format black and white glass plate positive stereograph slide depicting a man standing in front of Shag Rock}}</ref> * ''Shag Rock, Sumner, Canterbury'', 125 x 183&nbsp;mm albumen bugu na hoto, yana nuna Shag Rock a matsayin tsibiri da Titin Sumner (Peacock's Gallop) kafin a gina hanyar tram. A bayan duwatsun, akwai jiragen ruwa da yawa da ke tafiya a cikin tashar a kan tudun ruwa mai fita. William Travers ne ya dauki hoton. Sayi a cikin 1988 ta [[Auckland]] Art Gallery Toi o Tāmaki, Accession no 1988/17/1 (Shafin Yanar Gizo kawai; Ba a kan nuni ba) * Duban Shag Rock a Sumner, kusa da Christchurch. Farashin, William Archer, 1866-1948 Saukewa: 1/2-000910-G. Alexander Turnbull Library, Wellington, New Zealand. /rikodi/22736213 <ref>{{Cite web |last=Price |first=William Archer |orig-date=c 1910 |title=View of Shag Rock at Sumner, near Christchurch. |url=https://natlib.govt.nz/records/22736213 |access-date=20 January 2021 |website=National Library of New Zealand (natlib.govt.nz) |publisher=Alexander Turnbull Library |format=Dry plate glass negative |id=/records/22736213}}</ref> === Waka === Akwai ''Ode zuwa Shag Rock'' . === Zane-zane na gani === Mawakan da suka yi amfani da Shag Rock a cikin ayyukansu sun haɗa da * Charles Decimus Barraud (1822-1897) ** Shag Rock, Sumner - Ruwan ruwa na 1869 na Shag Rock da hanyar Sumner a ƙarƙashin dutsen a Clifton. An sayi aikin a cikin 2017 ta Gidan Gallery ɗin Art na Christchurch. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Barraud |first=Chales D |date=1869 |title=Shag Rock, Sumner |url=https://christchurchartgallery.org.nz/collection/2017085/charles-decimus-barraud/shag-rock-sumner |access-date=13 January 2021 |website=Christchurch Art Gallery |quote=Purchased 2017 Watercolour 400 x 568mm 2017/085 |archive-date=14 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114033015/https://christchurchartgallery.org.nz/collection/2017085/charles-decimus-barraud/shag-rock-sumner |url-status=dead }}</ref> ** Sumner Rocks, Banks Peninsula - Wani zane-zanen itace mai launi na ruwa ta hanyar zane iri ɗaya wanda ke nuna wani yanayi daban-daban. Har ila yau, ana gudanar da shi ta wurin Gidan Hoton Hoto na Christchurch. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Barraud |first=Charles D. |title=Sumner Rocks, Banks Peninsula |url=https://christchurchartgallery.org.nz/collection/79-58/charles-decimus-barraud/sumner-rocks-banks-peninsula |access-date=13 January 2021 |website=Christchurch Art Gallery |quote=Original wood-engraving, watercolour tinted 100 x 177mm 79/58}}</ref> * William Mathew Hodgkins (1833-1898) ** The Shag Rock, Sumner, Christchurch - Daya daga cikin uku tekun Sumner scenes ta Hodgkins, wannan aikin yana nuna Shag Rock tare da wani jirgin ruwa a cikin tashar jiragen ruwa. Dakin karatu na Alexander Turnbull, Wellington, New Zealand ne ke gudanar da shi. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Hodgkins |first=William Mathew |date=April 1870 |title=1833-1898 :The Shag Rock, Sumner, Christchurch |url=https://natlib.govt.nz/records/23130029 |access-date=13 January 2021 |website=natlib.govt.nz/ |quote=Hodgkins, William Mathew, 1833-1898: The Shag Rock, Sumner, Christchurch [April, 1870?]. Ref: A-027-018. Alexander Turnbull Library, Wellington, New Zealand. /records/23130029}}</ref> ** Kogin Sumner, Canterbury, daga Dutsen Kogon Kwanan wata 1 Afrilu 1870, wannan aikin yana nuna jiragen ruwa guda biyu a Sumner, ɗaya a anga, ɗayan a gefen ruwa, tare da ƙananan jiragen ruwa a bakin rairayin bakin teku da Shag Rock a bango kamar yadda aka gani ta hanyar buɗe kogon. . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Hodgkins |first=William Mathew |date=1 April 1870 |title=The Sumner River, Canterbury, from the Cave Rock, 1 April 1870. |url=https://natlib.govt.nz/records/23054398 |access-date=13 January 2021 |website=natlib.govt.nz/ |quote=Hodgkins, William Mathew, 1833-1898 :The Sumner River, Canterbury, from the Cave Rock, 1 April 1870. Ref: A-027-016. Alexander Turnbull Library, Wellington, New Zealand. /records/23054398}}</ref> === A cikin shahararrun al'adu === Akwai launi mai launi Dulux mai suna ''Shag Rock'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Dulux Weathershield paint chart |url=https://media.bunnings.co.nz/Product-800x800/95e01036-94e4-4b32-80bd-0acb84aedc58.png |access-date=13 January 2021 |website=www.bunnings.co.nz/dulux-weathershield-10l-ultra-deep-semi-gloss-exterior-paint_p0144851 |publisher=Dulux Paints }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Shag Rock NZ10H8 |url=https://www.dulux.com.au/specifier/colour/shag-rock |access-date=13 January 2021 |website=Dulux Colour Specifier (dulux.com.au) |publisher=DuluxGroup Ltd.}}</ref> ==== Aikin dan damfara ==== An sanya wani hoton jirgin sama na " ''Rogue Art'' " a saman dutsen a ƙarshen Fabrairu 2020. Aikin zanen ya bayyana a cikin yanayi mai ban mamaki da daddare kuma saboda ba a sami izinin hapu na gida ba, kuma sun ƙi, daga baya Majalisar City ta cire zane-zane ta hanyar tsinke shi a kan tushe kuma an yanke masa hukunci. <ref name="Rogue" /> <ref name="Stuff20200611" /> Marigayi " ''Rogue Artist'' " ya tuntubi wani dan jarida na gida don neman afuwa game da ayyukan da suka yi ba tare da saninsa ba kuma ya bayyana zane-zanen da ake kira "Crash amma ba mu ƙone - Fabrairu 22, 2011" kuma an shigar da shi don tunawa da cika shekaru goma na girgizar kasa na 2011 Christchurch. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 34aiy7st9lau14i7qz06mz2xgxkp200 0 115255 826613 713287 2026-04-26T10:05:06Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826613 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Andrew Kofi Egyapa Mercer''' (an haife shi a ranan 25 ga watan Mayu 1973) lauyan ne a kasar Ghana ne kuma ɗan siyasa ne. koma yana cikin sabuwar jam'iyyar kishin kasa ne. <ref name="parli">{{Cite web |title=Member of Parliament |url=http://www.parliament.gh/mps?mp=219 |access-date=15 June 2017 |website= |publisher=parliament ghana |archive-date=9 October 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241009034826/https://www.parliament.gh/mps?mp=219 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Shine tsohon [[Majalisar Ghana|dan majalisa]] mai wakiltar mazabar Sekondi a [[Yankin Yammaci, Ghana|yankin yammacin]] Ghana. <ref name="parli" /> <ref name="fact">{{Cite web |title=List of Members of the seventh Parliament of Ghana |url=http://www.fact-checkghana.com/list-members-seventh-parliament-ghana/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191201003623/http://www.fact-checkghana.com/list-members-seventh-parliament-ghana/ |archive-date=1 December 2019 |access-date=16 June 2017 |website= |publisher=fact-checkghana}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Online |first=Peace FM |title=Speaker Not An MP, For What Reason Will Gov't Gag Him? - Egyapa Mercer Quizzes |url=https://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/politics/politics/202201/459185.php |access-date=2022-01-24 |website=Peacefmonline– Ghana news |archive-date=2023-04-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230422002311/https://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/politics/politics/202201/459185.php |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya gaji Papa Owusu-Ankomah, wanda ya shafe shekaru 20 yana dan majalisa. <ref name="peace">{{Cite web |title=NPP Primaries: 6 Sitting MPs No More Interested In Going To Parliament 2016 |url=http://m.peacefmonline.com/pages/politics/politics/201506/244728.php |access-date=15 June 2017 |website= |publisher=peacefmonline |archive-date=14 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211114171224/https://m.peacefmonline.com/pages/politics/politics/201506/244728.php |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Andrew Kofi Egyapa Mercer a Sekondi a yankin yammacin kasar Ghana ga James Mercer, lauya kuma dan kasar Ghana. Ya halarci makarantar share fage ta Chapel Hill da ke Takoradi domin karatun firamare. Ya wuce Kwalejin Adisadel da ke Cape Coast, inda ya sami duka matakinsa na GCE na yau da kullun da kuma GCE Advanced level certificate. <ref name="parli"/> Ya sami shiga [[Jami'ar Ghana]], inda ya kammala karatunsa na farko a fannin fasaha a fannin ilimin dan Adam da kuma digiri na uku . Ya yi karatu a Makarantar Koyon Aikin Shari'a ta Ghana kuma ya zama lauya a Ghana bayan ya ci jarrabawar lauya. <ref name="parli" /> == Sana'ar sana'a == Egyapa Mercer ya fara aikinsa a matsayin almajiri tare da Messrs Acquah-Sampon and Associates, wani kamfani na lauyoyi da ke [[Accra]] a 2004. Ya shiga First Atlantic Bank a Accra a 2007 a matsayin mataimakin manaja kuma ya ci gaba da zama shugaban sashen shari’a. Yayin da a farkon Atlantic, ya yi takara kuma ya yi rashin nasara a zaben fidda gwani na 2011 na New Patriotic Party a Sekondi zuwa Papa Owusu-Ankomah mai ci. <ref name="gnasek">{{Cite web |title=Sekondi Primaries takes off peacefully |url=https://www.modernghana.com/sports/326815/sekondi-primaries-takes-off-peacefully.html |access-date=3 July 2017 |website= |publisher=modernghana}}</ref> Ya yi murabus a cikin 2013 don kafa Messrs. Mercer and Company, kamfanin lauyoyi na kamfanoni da zuba jari da ke Accra. <ref name="parli"/> == Rayuwar Siyasa == Egyapa Mercer ya fara shiga siyasar jam’iyya ne a shekarar 2011 lokacin da ya tsaya takara a zaben fidda gwani na majalisar wakilai na mazabar Sekondi NPP. Ya fafata da wasu ‘yan takara biyu: dan majalisa mai ci a lokacin, Owusu Ankomah, da Kweku Sam Amoah. Ya rasa firamare a hannun Owusu-Ankomah. <ref name="gnasek"/> Ya yanke shawarar sake tsayawa takara a zaben 'yan majalisa na 2016 akan tikitin Sabuwar Jam'iyyar Patriotic Party. Hakan na zuwa ne bayan dan majalisar mai ci a lokacin Owusu-Ankomah ya yanke shawarar kin tsayawa takarar kujerar da ya samu sau biyar a jere. <ref name="ghnewsag">{{Cite web |title=Certified result for Sekondi Constituency |url=http://www.ghananewsagency.org/politics/certified-results-for-sekondi-constituency-parliamentary-and-presidential-111170 |access-date=16 June 2017 |website= |publisher=ghananewsagency}}</ref> Egyapa Mercer ya gabatar da fom dinsa na zaben fidda gwani a watan Mayun 2015 kuma ya yi takara ba tare da hamayya ba a zaben fidda gwani na 2015. <ref name="fie">{{Cite web |title=Lawyer Mercer shakes Sekondi NPP |url=http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/politics/Lawyer-Mercer-shakes-Sekondi-NPP-356642 |access-date=16 June 2017 |website= |publisher=ghanaweb}}</ref> Shi Kirista ne. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Parliament of Ghana |url=https://www.parliament.gh/mps?mp=8 |access-date=2024-09-20 |website=www.parliament.gh |archive-date=2023-03-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230324002112/https://parliament.gh/mps?mp=8 |url-status=dead }}</ref> === Zaben majalisa === Egyapa Mercer ya kaddamar da yakin neman zabensa a ranar 14 ga watan Agusta 2016 a Sekondi. A yayin kaddamarwar, masu magana daban-daban, ciki har da Alan John Kyerematen, sun shawarci mazabar da su zabi Egyapa Mercer da [[Nana Akufo-Addo|Nana Akuffo-Addo]] a matsayin dan majalisa da shugaban kasa. <ref name="joyee">{{Cite web |title='NPP has the formula for job creation' – Alan Kyerematen |url=http://www.myjoyonline.com/politics/2016/august-15th/npp-has-the-formula-for-job-creation-alan-kyerematen.php |access-date=16 June 2017 |website= |publisher=myjoyonline }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Kafin zaben Disamba 2016, an shirya ayyuka da yawa don nuna 'yan takara daban-daban ga mazabun. Daya daga cikin wadannan shi ne muhawarar mazabar da aka yi wa 'yan takara daban-daban na jam'iyyun siyasa a filin shakatawa na Sekondi Methodist. Egyapa Mercer ya lashe zaben 'yan majalisar dokoki bayan ya doke Emmanuel Assifuah na National Democratic Congress, Daniel Essuman na jam'iyyar Progressive People's Party, da Peter Arthur na jam'iyyar Convention People's Party . Egyapa Mercer ya samu kuri'u 16,839, wanda ke wakiltar kashi 59.47% na yawan kuri'un da aka kada. <ref name="ghamps">{{Cite web |title=Mercer, Andrew Kofi Egyapa |url=http://ghanamps.com/mps/details.php?id=5355 |access-date=16 June 2017 |website= |publisher=ghanamps}}</ref> === Dan majalisa === A matsayinsa na dan majalisar wakilai, Egyapa Mercer ya shagaltu da al’ummar mazabarsa tare da cika alkawuran da ya dauka kan yakin neman zabe. Wasu daga cikin ayyukansa sun haɗa da gudummawar [[Komfuta|kwamfutocin]] tebur guda biyar da na'urorin haɗi waɗanda suka kai dalar Amurka 4,000 ga ɗakin karatu na Sekondi. Hakan ya kasance don inganta koyo da koyarwa a mazabar. <ref name="ali">{{Cite web |last=Ali |first=Mohammed |title=MP donates computers to Sekondi Library |url=http://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/mp-donates-computers-to-sekondi-library.html |access-date=16 June 2017 |website= |publisher=Graphic Group}}</ref> Har ila yau, ya taimaka wajen biyan bashin da Hukumar Kwallon Kafa ta Ghana ke bin Sekondi Eleven Wise, wani kulob na Division 1 da ke mazabar, tare da gudunmawar [[Cedi na Ghana|GH₵]] 5,000; sauran magoya bayan sun biya ragowar [[Cedi na Ghana|GH₵]] 1,300 don biyan kuɗin gudanarwa. <ref name="football">{{Cite web |title=Eleven Wise get support from Sekondi MP to pay officiating fees |url=http://footballghana.com/eleven-wise-get-support-from-sekondi-mp-to-pay-officiating-fees |access-date=16 June 2017 |website= |publisher=footballghana}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1973]] d3nlfrri8picyrq23xriw69om57buji 0 115336 826370 731039 2026-04-25T22:26:44Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826370 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:Cabrasnortechico.JPG|thumb|Hoton da ke nuna wuri mara kyau, wuri mai bushe tare da tsagewa a ƙasa, yana nuna hamada a Afirka]] [[Fayil:Semi-arid_Niger.jpg|thumb|Nijar mai tsaka-tsaki tana cikin haɗari don ci gaba da hamada.]] '''Yaduwar ''hamada'' a [[Afirka]]''' wani nau'i ne na lalacewar ƙasa wanda ya haɗa da jujjuya ƙasar mai amfani zuwa ''hamada'' ko wuraren da ba su da ruwa. Wannan batun damuwa ce ta muhalli da ke haifar da babbar barazana ga rayuwa miliyoyin mutane a Afirka waɗanda suka dogara da ƙasar don rayuwa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stallwood |first=Paige |date=2022-12-15 |title=Desertification in Africa: Causes, Effects and Solutions |url=https://earth.org/desertification-in-africa/ |access-date=2023-04-24 |website=Earth.Org |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Africa's Struggle with Desertification |url=https://www.prb.org/resources/africas-struggle-with-desertification/ |access-date=2023-05-20 |website=PRB |language=en-US}}</ref> Nazarin yanayin ƙasa da muhalli kwanan nan sun kirkiro kalmar ''hamada''. Desertification shine tsari wanda wani yanki na ƙasa ya zama hamada, kamar yadda kalmar hamada ke nunawa. Rashin ko lalacewar yiwuwar halittu na ƙasar ana kiranta hamada. Yana rage ko kawar da yiwuwar samar da shuke-shuke da dabbobi a ƙasa kuma yana da wani bangare na lalacewar yanayin halittu. Bugu da ƙari, ana amfani da kalmar hamada musamman don bayyana lalacewar wuraren da suka bushe a duniya, ko kuma yanayin da ya bushe, rabin bushe, da kuma yanayin da ba shi da zafi. Wadannan yankuna na iya zama nesa da abin da ake kira hamada ta halitta ko yanayi, amma har yanzu suna fuskantar damuwa ta ruwa mara kyau saboda ruwan sama mai yawa da canji. Suna da saukin kamuwa da lalacewa daga matsin amfani da ƙasa na mutum.<ref name="darkoh 1 50" /> Abubuwan da ke haifar da hamada sune haɗuwa da abubuwan halitta da na ɗan adam, tare da [[Canjin yanayi]] wanda ke kara matsalar. Duk da haka, akwai kuskuren ra'ayi cewa hamada a Afirka sakamakon abubuwan halitta ne kawai kamar canjin yanayi da rushewar ƙasa. A zahiri, ayyukan ɗan adam kamar [[Gandun daji|sare daji]], wuce gona da iri, da ayyukan noma marasa dorewa suna ba da gudummawa sosai ga batun. Wani kuskuren ra'ayi shine cewa, hamada ba za a iya juyawa ba, kuma wannan ƙasar da ta lalace har abada za ta kasance wuraren da ba su da amfani. Koyaya, yana yiwuwa a dawo da ƙasar da ta lalace ta hanyar ayyukan kula da ƙasa masu ɗorewa kamar sake dasa bishiyoyi da [[Rigakafin ƙasa|kiyaye ƙasa]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-01-28 |title=What is Desertification and how can we solve it? ⋆ Savory Institute |url=https://savory.global/what-is-desertification-and-how-can-we-solve-it/ |access-date=2023-04-24 |website=Savory Institute |language=en-US}}</ref> Yankin 10.3 miliyan km2, ko 34.2% na farfajiyar nahiyar, yana cikin haɗarin hamada. Idan aka yi la'akari da hamada (Sahara da Kalahari), yankin da abin ya shafa kuma wanda zai iya shafa kusan kilomita miliyan 16.5 ne ko 54.6% na duk Afirka. Kashi 5.7 cikin dari na farfajiyar nahiyar ta ƙunshi yankuna masu tsanani, kashi 16.2 cikin dari na yankuna masu tsananin gaske, da kuma kashi 12.3 cikin dari na matsakaici zuwa yankuna masu sauƙi.<ref name="darkoh 1 50" /> == Matakan hamada daban-daban == Dangane da ka'idoji uku: yanayi, rauni na asali, da matsin lamba na mutum da dabbobi, Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta amince da digiri huɗu na haɗarin hamada: mai tsanani, mai tsanani, matsakaici, da ƙarami. Lokacin da ƙasa ta zama ba za a iya amfani da ita ba, an ce ta fuskanci mummunar hamada. Misalan wannan sun haɗa da dunes masu motsi, manyan tsarin rami, da gishiri mai gishiri, kusan ƙasa mai ruwa a wuraren da aka ban ruwa a baya. Wadannan yanayi ana zaton ba za a iya juyawa ba. Ana rarraba hamada mai tsanani da matsakaiciyar hamada bisa ga girman hanzarin lalacewar ƙasa da lalatawa, canji zuwa ganyayyaki marasa kyau, ko asarar amfanin gona saboda salinization mai juyawa ko ƙasa mai ban ruwa. Inda babu lalacewar shuka ko ƙasa, ana wakilta shi da rukuni na biyu, ɗan hamada.<ref name="darkoh 1 502" /> == Tarihi == Kalmar ''hamada'' galibi ana danganta ta da aikin masanin tsire-tsire na Faransa André Aubréville na 1949 a kan gandun daji na Afirka, kodayake bincike ya yi iƙirarin cewa ana iya gano shi zuwa ƙarni na 19 na mulkin mallaka na Faransa na Arewacin Afirka. Kwamitin Nazarin ya ba da umarnin bincike don bincika ci gaban prehistoric na hamadar Sahara, wanda ya haifar da abubuwan da suka faru a lokacin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Desertification {{!}} Earth Science |url=https://courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-earthscience/chapter/desertification/ |access-date=2023-04-24 |website=courses.lumenlearning.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Wannan abu ya kasance a cikin dubban shekaru a Afirka kuma ba sabon abu bane. Koyaya, yayin da yawan jama'a suka karu kuma ayyukan ɗan adam sun karu, hamada ta kara tsanantawa sosai a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Za'a iya gano hamada a dubban shekaru a Afirka, tare da shaidar da aka gano a cikin tsoffin wallafe-wallafen da takardun archaeological. Koyaya, girman da tsananin matsalar sun karu a cikin 'yan shekarun nan sakamakon haɗuwa da abubuwan halitta da na ɗan adam.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ALN #49: Eriksen: Linkages between climate change and desertification in East Africa, Part 1 |url=https://ag.arizona.edu/oals/ALN/aln49/eriksen-part1.html |access-date=2023-04-24 |website=ag.arizona.edu }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Yaduwar hamada ta zama matsala mai tsanani a Afirka a cikin karni na ashirin, wanda ya haifar da lalacewar muhalli da kuma jefa rayuwar miliyoyin mutane da ke dogaro da ƙasar don abinci cikin haɗari. A mayar da martani, gwamnatoci, kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu, da kungiyoyin kasa da kasa sun kirkiro mafita iri-iri, gami da sake dasa bishiyoyi, kiyaye ƙasa, da hanyoyin kula da ƙasa masu ɗorewa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gergely |first=R. Z. |last2=Paldi |first2=E. |last3=Erlik |first3=Y. |last4=Makler |first4=A. |date=1976 |title=Treatment of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome by antihistamine |journal=Obstetrics and Gynecology |volume=47 |issue=1 |pages=83–85 |issn=0029-7844 |pmid=1697}}</ref> A cikin ƙarni da ya gabata, hamadar Sahara tana fadada ta fiye da kilomita 7,600 a kowace shekara kuma yanzu ta fi girma 10% fiye da yadda take a shekarar 1920.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gray |first=Richard |title=The wall holding back a desert |url=https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20190902-the-wall-holding-back-a-desert |access-date=2023-04-24 |website=www.bbc.com |language=en}}</ref> Yaduwar hamada da ci gaban hamada ba su da farko saboda canjin yanayi da mutum ya haifar, kamar yadda suke yanzu. Mafi girman hamada a duniya sun samo asali ne daga matakai na halitta waɗanda suka yi hulɗa a tsawon lokaci, kamar su ruwa, iska mai tashi, iska mai dumi, da ƙarancin zafi. Ayyukan ɗan adam, a gefe guda, kwanan nan sun zo don fadada ko kwangila waɗannan hamada. Don sanya gudummawar Afirka a cikin mahallin, Sahara tana fadada cikin sauri tun daga shekarun 1920, ta mamaye kashi 10% fiye da yadda ta yi a baya, bisa ga binciken da Gidauniyar Kimiyya ta Kasa (NSF) ta gudanar da masana kimiyya a Jami'ar Maryland (UMD). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kakeeto |first=Moses |date=12 April 2018 |title=Africa at a loss as the Sahara desert expands- Desert has expanded by about 10 % since 1920-Study {{!}} Newz Post |url=https://newz.ug/africa-at-a-loss-as-the-sahara-desert-expands-desert-has-expanded-by-about-10-since-1920-study/ |access-date=2023-04-24 |language=en-US}}</ref> Rashin ruwa na shekarun 1980 ba shine bala'in mutum na farko da ya faru a yankin Sahel ba. An yi amfani da hamada a cikin dogon lokaci na fari, wanda ya fi shahara shi ne fari da yunwa na Sahelian na 1968. Ya ci gaba har zuwa 1985 kuma yana da alhakin kusan mutuwar 100,000 da kuma rikice-rikice na miliyoyin rayuka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sahel Drought and Famine, 1968–1985 |url=https://www.environmentandsociety.org/tools/keywords/sahel-drought-and-famine-1968-1985 |access-date=2023-04-24 |website=Environment & Society Portal |language=en}}</ref> Amfani da albarkatun mutane (kamar wuce gona da iri da kuma sare daji) an fara tunanin shi ne kawai dalilin fari. Duk da haka, manyan canje-canjen yanayi na iya taimakawa ga fari. Duk da kasancewa yankin da ya fi fama da mummunar tasiri a Afirka, Sahel ba shine kadai yankin da [[Sahara|Hamada ta Sahara]] ba. Karoo a [[Afirka ta Kudu]], ya fuskanci yanayin tsaka-tsaki na shekaru 500 da suka gabata, [[Somaliya]], wanda ya fuskanci manyan rikice-rikicen fari guda uku a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata kadai, da [[Itofiya|Habasha]], wanda ya ga kashi 75% na ƙasar da hamada ta shafa da babbar yunwa tsakanin 1983 da 1985. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 September 2022 |title=Horn of Africa Drought: Regional Humanitarian Overview & Call to Action (Revised 21 September 2022) - Ethiopia {{!}} ReliefWeb |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/ethiopia/horn-africa-drought-regional-humanitarian-overview-call-action-revised-21-september-2022 |access-date=2023-04-24 |website=reliefweb.int |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2003-08-05 |title=Evidence of Drought in South Africa |url=https://www.earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/3683/evidence-of-drought-in-south-africa |access-date=2023-04-24 |website=www.earthobservatory.nasa.gov |language=en}}</ref> A cewar wasu masana kimiyya, abubuwan da ke haifar da mutane suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin hanyoyin hamada, tare da yanayi shine babban dalilin. Sauran masu bincike sun sauya muhimmancin waɗannan dalilai guda biyu. Yankin hamada a Afirka ya samo asali ne daga karfi na halitta da na mutum. Canjin yanayi, wanda ya haifar da karuwar bushewa da raguwar ruwan sama a yankuna da yawa, da rushewar ƙasa, wanda ke faruwa ta halitta amma aikin ɗan adam na iya kara tsanantawa, sune manyan abubuwan halitta waɗanda ke haifar da hamada.<ref>{{Cite web |last=AfricaNews |date=2022-06-19 |title=Climate change is causing an increase in desertificaton<!--sic--> |url=https://www.africanews.com/2022/06/19/climate-change-is-causing-an-increase-desertificaton/ |access-date=2023-04-24 |website=Africanews |language=en}}</ref> Misali, yana iya zama da wahala a faɗi idan hamada ko fadada hamada shine sakamakon canjin yanayi ko aikin ɗan adam. Yaduwar hamada a Afirka ta kara tsanantawa ta hanyar abubuwan ɗan adam kamar su sare daji, wuce gona da iri, da hanyoyin noma marasa dorewa kamar monoculture da yawan amfani da taki. Misali, sare daji yana rage yawan tsire-tsire waɗanda zasu iya kafa ƙasa kuma su kare shi daga rushewa, yayin da wuce gona da iri yana rage ciyayi kuma yana fallasa ƙasa ga rushewa da lalacewa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-05-31 |title=Desertification facts and information |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/article/desertification |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302180942/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/article/desertification |archive-date=March 2, 2021 |access-date=2023-04-24 |website=Environment |language=en}}</ref> Misali, an yi jayayya cewa gefen Sahara shine sakamakon aikin ɗan adam, tare da yanayi yana taka rawa kawai. Ƙungiya ta uku tana ba da kusan daidai ga mutum da muhalli. Hanyoyin kula da ƙasa marasa kyau, kamar juyawa na amfanin gona, amfani da kayan aiki masu nauyi waɗanda ke tattare da ƙasa, da hanyoyin kula da ruwa marasa dorewa, duk suna ba da gudummawa ga hamada. Binciken hakar ma'adinai da mai na iya ba da gudummawa ga hamada ta hanyar tayar da yanayin halittu da rage ingancin ƙasa.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bartrem |first=Casey |last2=von Lindern |first2=Ian |last3=von Braun |first3=Margrit |last4=Tirima |first4=Simba |date=2022-03-08 |title=Climate Change, Conflict, and Resource Extraction: Analyses of Nigerian Artisanal Mining Communities and Ominous Global Trends |journal=Annals of Global Health |language=en |volume=88 |issue=1 |pages=17 |doi=10.5334/aogh.3547 |issn=2214-9996 |pmc=8916050 |pmid=35433284 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Yaduwar yawan jama'a da talauci na iya kara tsananta halin da ake ciki ta hanyar kara bukatar albarkatu da kuma haifar da ayyukan amfani da ƙasa marasa dorewa. Dukkanin wadannan dalilai sun ba da gudummawa ga lalacewar ƙasa mai kyau, suna haifar da babbar barazana ga rayuwar miliyoyin 'yan Afirka waɗanda ke dogaro da ƙasar don rayuwa. A cikin Sahel, hamada galibi ana danganta shi da lalacewar iska. Don sanya shi a sauƙaƙe, rushewar iska shine abin da ke faruwa lokacin da iska mai ƙarfi ta cire saman ƙasa. Rugujewar iska tana rage abubuwan gina jiki a cikin ƙasa saboda ƙasa ta saman sau da yawa tana ƙunshe da abubuwan gina jiki fiye da ƙasa.<ref>Daniel HA , Langham WH (1936). The effect of wind erosion and cultivation on the total nitrogen and organic matter content of soils in the Southern High Plains. ''J. Am. Soc. Agron''., 28, 587–596. {{Doi|10.2134/agronj1936.00021962002800080001x}}</ref><ref>Zobeck TM , Fryrear DW (1986). Chemical and physical characteristics of windblown sediment: II. Chemical characteristics and total soil and nutrient discharge. ''Trans. ASAE'' , 29, 1037–1041. {{Doi|10.13031/2013.30266}}</ref> Wannan yana rage samar da ƙasa. Bugu da ƙari, asarar ƙasa na sama na iya fallasa ƙasa tare da halaye na jiki, wanda ke rage ƙarancin ƙasa. Bugu da ƙari, rushewar iska na iya hana ci gaban amfanin gona ta hanyar binne amfanin gona a ƙarƙashin yashi da aka hura kuma ya haifar da lahani na jiki (abrasion). <ref name="Ikazaki 372" /><ref>Michels K, Sivakumar MVK , Allison BE (1993). Wind erosion in the southern Sahelian zone and induced constraints to pearl millet production. ''Agric. For. Meteorol''., 67, 65–77. {{Doi|10.1016/0168-1923(93)90050-R}}</ref> == Yankunan da abin ya shafa == Yankuna uku daban-daban na nahiyar sun shafi hamada: Afirka ta Bahar Rum, yankin [[Sudan]]-Sahelian, da Afirka kudu da Sudano-Sahel. Za a iya samun yankuna masu tsanani da masu tsanani a cikin ƙasashe biyar na Bahar Rum na Afirka: Masar, Aljeriya, Libya, Morocco, da Tunisia. Yankin Gasfa a Tunisia shine babban misali na yankin da ke cikin Bahar Rum wanda ya sha wahala sosai ko yanayin hamada. Yawancin kasashe 19 a yankin Sudano-Sahelian suna fuskantar irin wannan yanayi (mai tsanani zuwa mai tsanani), yayin da yawancin Afirka a kudancin Sudano-Sahel suna fuskantar haɗari mai sauƙi zuwa mai tsanani da ke da alaƙa da hamada. Kimanin kasashe 36 na Afirka sun shafar fari da hamada gaba ɗaya.<ref name="darkoh 1 50" /> ''Yankin Sahel'', wanda ya hada da [[Senegal]], [[Muritaniya|Mauritania]], [[Mali]], [[Nijar (ƙasa)|Nijar]], [[Cadi|Chadi]], Sudan, da [[Eritrea]], ya sha wahala daga fari akai-akai, yawan kiwo, da kuma sare daji, wanda ya haifar da lalacewar ƙasa da hamada.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Sahel, desertification beyond drought |url=https://www.wearewater.org/en/the-sahel-desertification-beyond-drought_318262 |access-date=2023-04-24 |website=We Are Water |language=en}}</ref> A cikin ƙuntataccen ma'anar, kalmar yankin Sahel tana nufin yankin da ke da nisan kilomita 400 daga arewa zuwa kudu kuma kusan kilomita 4000 daga gabas zuwa yamma tare da kudancin tuddai na hamadar Sahara kuma tana fuskantar 200 zuwa 600 mm na ruwan sama na shekara-shekara a matsakaici. A cikin wannan wuri, ƙananan ruwan sama da aka gauraya da ƙasa mai ƙarancin amfani da yashi mai yawa (wanda aka bayyana dalla-dalla a ƙasa) yana haifar da karancin abinci mai tsanani, kuma ana iya haifar da yunwa mai ban tsoro lokacin da yankin ya sha wahala daga fari.<ref name="Ikazaki 372" /> A shekara ta 1974, akalla mutane 750,000 a Mali, Nijar, da Mauritania sun dogara ne kawai da taimakon abinci don tsira, kuma a lokacin fari wanda ya kasance daga 1972 zuwa 1984, akalla mutane 100,000 sun mutu. A cewar Ma'aikatar Tattalin Arziki da Harkokin Jama'a ta Duniya, kasashe shida na Sahel suna da yawan mutane kusan miliyan 30 a wannan lokacin. <ref name="Ikazaki 372" /> Rashin ruwa na dogon lokaci da amfani da albarkatun kasa sun addabi Horn of Africa wanda ya hada da Somalia, Habasha, da Kenya. Rashin lalacewar ƙasa ya faru a Kudancin Afirka, gami da [[Zimbabwe]], [[Botswana]], [[Namibiya|Namibia]], da [[Afirka ta Kudu]], sakamakon dabarun noma marasa dorewa, wuce gona da iri, da kuma sare daji. Har ila yau, hamada ta shafi [[Arewacin Afirka]], wanda ya haɗa da Masar, Libya, Aljeriya, Tunisia, da Maroko, sakamakon canjin yanayi, yawan kiwo, da ayyukan noma marasa dorewa. Rashin abinci da ruwa, ƙaurawar yawan jama'a, da asarar halittu duk tasirin hamada ne a waɗannan wurare, yana jaddada mahimmancin buƙatun ayyukan amfani da ƙasa masu ɗorewa da shirye-shiryen kiyaye muhalli a duk faɗin Afirka. == Aikin noma == Yaduwar hamada tana shafar kusan kashi 45% na yankin ƙasar Afirka, tare da kashi 55% a cikin babban ko matsanancin haɗari na lalacewa a nan gaba. Canjin yanayi da hamada suna da tasiri sosai a kan tsaron abinci ta hanyar tasirin su akan yawan aikin gona.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Chapter 3 : Desertification — Special Report on Climate Change and Land |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/srccl/chapter/chapter-3/ |access-date=2023-04-24}}</ref> Bayanai masu mahimmanci suna nuna mummunan tasirin canjin yanayi da hamada ba kawai a kan amfanin gona ba, har ma da yawan aikin gona da asarar kudin shiga a cikin ƙasashe masu bushe. Tsinkaya ga Afirka ta Kudu ta Sahara ya nuna cewa hauhawar yanayin zafi, karuwar yawan raƙuman zafi, da karuwar bushewa za su yi tasiri ga tsarin aikin gona na ruwan sama. Canjin yanayi zai rage matsakaicin amfanin gona ga manyan amfanin gona na duniya 11 - millet, eld pea, sugar beet, dankali mai zaki, alkama, shinkafa, masara, soya, groundnut, sunflower, da rapeseed - da kashi 15% a Afirka ta Kudu da 11% a Gabas ta Tsakiya da Arewacin Afirka ta 2050 idan ba a yi amfani da taki na carbon ba.<ref>{{Cite web |title=weed competition critical: Topics by WorldWideScience.org |url=https://worldwidescience.org/topicpages/w/weed+competition+critical.html |access-date=2023-04-24 |website=worldwidescience.org |language=en |archive-date=2023-04-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230424221315/https://worldwidescience.org/topicpages/w/weed+competition+critical.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Yaduwar hamada ta rage yawan aikin gona da kudaden shiga yayin da yake ba da gudummawa ga asarar halittu a yankuna masu yawa. Hakanan ana sa ran rage amfanin gona da dabbobi, canza kayan kwalliya na nau'ikan shuke-shuke, da rage bambancin halittu a duk ƙasashe masu bushe. Aikin amfanin gona a Afirka ta kudu da Sahara, musamman, ana iya rage shi da kashi 17-22% nan da shekara ta 2050 sakamakon canjin yanayi. A cikin 2017, kusan mutane miliyan 821 a duk duniya ba su da wadataccen abinci, tare da Afirka ta kai kashi 31%.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |date=1995 |title=Land and environmental degradation and desertification in Africa : issues and options for sustainable economic development with transformation |url=https://repository.uneca.org/handle/10855/19009 |journal=}}</ref> Afirka ta kudu da Sahara, musamman Gabashin Afirka, tana da mafi yawan mutanen da ba su da abinci mai gina jiki a duniya a cikin 2017, tare da 28.8% da 31.4%, bi da bi. Kulawa na dogon lokaci a Arewacin Afirka (1978-2014) ya bayyana bacewar manyan nau'ikan shuke-shuke masu tsayi saboda fari da hamada, kamar Stipa tenacissima da Artemisia herba alba . <ref name=":0" /> A arewacin ɓangaren sahel, inda ruwan sama ba shi da yawa, ana yin noma da dabbobi bisa ga kiwo; a kudancin ƙasar, inda ruwan inabi ya fi iyakar noma (ruwan sama na shekara-shekara kusan 300 mm), amfanin gona mai tsayayya da fari kamar lu'u-lu'u (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br. ), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench), cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp), da peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) ana shuka su ba tare da ban ruwa ba. Duk da haka, saboda kusanci da iyakar noma, bambance-bambance masu yawa a cikin ruwan sama na shekara-shekara, da kuma faruwar bushewa, yana da ƙalubale don kula da amfanin gona. Tare da koguna na dindindin kamar Kogin Neja, ana shuka shinkafa. Wani fasalin noma a yankin Sahel shine haɗakar noma da kiwon dabbobi. An kafa tsarin symbiotic a nan. Bayan manoma sun girbe lu'u-lu'u ko sorghum, manoman dabbobi suna kiwon dabbobinsu (kwai, tumaki da awaki) a cikin filin kuma an mayar da turare zuwa ƙasar.<ref name="Ikazaki 372" /> Babbar dabarar don adana amfanin ƙasa ita ce shigar da sharar gida a cikin filayen da ke kusa da ƙauyen ko ƙauyen (kasa da 1 km). Filin da ke nesa da ƙauyen ko ƙauyen da farko an bar su ba tare da izini ba, yayin da filayen da ke kusa da ƙauyuka ana amfani da su da farko don yin dare, tsarin da ake ajiye dabbobi a cikin filin da dare ɗaya, suna samar da filin da tururi da fitsari. == Tasirin Tattalin Arziki == [[Fayil:Great_green_wall_map.svg|thumb|250x250px|Babban taswirar bango mai kore]] Yaduwar hamada tana da tasirin tattalin arziki a Afirka, musamman a wuraren da noma da amfani da albarkatun kasa sune manyan hanyoyin samun kudin shiga. Yaduwar hamada tana rage amfanin gona, tana haifar da karancin abinci, kuma tana kara talauci a cikin mutanen da abin ya shafa ta hanyar lalata ƙasa mai kyau da wadatar ruwa. Mutanen da suka rasa muhallinsu sakamakon hamada na iya haifar da karuwar gasa don karancin albarkatu da rikice-rikice, wanda ya kara matsalolin tattalin arziki. Sakamakon mummunar hamada a kan yanayin halittu da bambancin halittu na iya haifar da sakamako mai zurfi ga masana'antu kamar yawon bude ido da [[Yawon bude ido|yawon shakatawa]] na muhalli, wanda ya dogara da yanayin halittu masu lafiya don jawo hankalin masu yawon budewa. Yaduwar hamada tana da manyan tasirin tattalin arziki a Afirka, wanda ke buƙatar ci gaba da ƙoƙari don rage tasirin hamada ta hanyar ayyukan amfani da ƙasa masu ɗorewa, kiyayewa, da maido da ƙasashe masu lalacewa. == Yaki da hamada == Tare da yankin [[Sahel]] ya fi rauni kuma ya shafi hamada sosai, an kaddamar da aikin da ake kira Great Green Wall a cikin 2007 don ''Sahara'' da ''Sahel''. Babban burinta shine ƙirƙirar abin mamaki na halitta mai nisan kilomita 8,000 a duk faɗin Afirka don haɓaka yawan ƙasa mai kyau da ke kan iyakar hamadar [[Sahara]]. Ma'anar ita ce, dasa karin bishiyoyi zai taimaka wajen hana hamada, samar da ayyuka, inganta tsaro na abinci, da dawo da 'yan Afirka da suka rasa muhallinsu gida.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Goffner |first=Deborah |last2=Sinare |first2=Hanna |last3=Gordon |first3=Line J. |date=2019-06-01 |title=The Great Green Wall for the Sahara and the Sahel Initiative as an opportunity to enhance resilience in Sahelian landscapes and livelihoods |journal=Regional Environmental Change |language=en |volume=19 |issue=5 |pages=1417–1428 |doi=10.1007/s10113-019-01481-z |issn=1436-378X |s2cid=159239526 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == * [[Ruwan sama, Girbi a cikin Sahel|Girbi ruwan sama a cikin Sahel]] == Manazarta == <references /> [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 99vjoe5p6z7jwwyjaas8vwx8d2r7py6 0 115681 826422 710956 2026-04-26T06:05:52Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826422 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''All of Poland Reads to Kids''' (Polish) kamfen ne na zamantakewa, wanda aka fara a watan Yunin 2001 ta Gidauniyar ABCXXI All of Poland Read to Children . Gidauniyar ta yi aiki har zuwa shekara ta 2005 a matsayin Gidauniya ABCXXI Emotional Health Program, da nufin inganta karatun yau da kullun ga yara a matsayin hanya mai tasiri, mai arha, da kuma abokantaka don tallafa musu. Sun taimaka wajen inganta ilimin halayyar yara, ilimi, zamantakewa, da ci gaban ɗabi'a, da kuma gina albarkatun ciki na yaro: ƙwarewar motsin rai da ilimi. == Tarihi == Wanda ya fara kamfen din "All of Poland Reads to Kids" shi ne Irena Koźmińska, wanda ya kafa kuma shugaban Gidauniyar ABCXXI All of Poland Reades to Kids. A halin yanzu ana gudanar da kamfen ɗin a duk faɗin ƙasar ta masu sa kai 6,376 - Shugabannin da Masu Gudanarwa. Fiye da makarantu 2,350 da makarantun yara sama da 2,300 sun shiga shirye-shiryen Gidauniyar: "Karanta Makarantu" da "Karanta Yara". Cibiyoyin da suka aiwatar da karatun yau da kullun ga yara suna lura da karuwar fahimtar matani da umarni, tare da wasu fa'idodi da yawa. Wadannan sun hada da ingantaccen mayar da hankali, sauƙin magana da rubutu, karuwar motsawa don koyo da shirye-shiryen yin hadin kai, samar da alaƙa tsakanin ɗalibai da tsakanin ɗalibai tare da malamin karatu, karuwar karatu tsakanin yara, da ingantaccen hali. Yaƙin neman zaɓe ya fara ne a watan Yunin 2001 tare da tallace-tallace da aka watsa a kan TVP, tare da Krzysztof Stelmaszyk . Wani yanayi mai ban dariya inda yaro ya kusanci mahaifinsa mai kallon talabijin kuma ya tambaya, "Baba, za ku iya karantawa?" ya sami tasirin da aka nufa, kuma masu sa kai - malamai, masu ɗakin karatu, iyaye - sun fara shiga yakin CPCD. Har ila yau, yakin ya sami tallafi daga masu fasaha, 'yan jarida, masu bugawa, masu sayar da littattafai,' yan wasa, da' yan siyasa. A watan Yunin 2002, Gidauniyar ta shirya mako na farko na Karatu ga Yara (OTCD), wanda ya shafi wurare sama da 150. A shekara mai zuwa, OTCD na 2 yana da mahalarta 300, a cikin 2004 - sama da 1,000, kuma a cikin OTCD ta 8 a cikin 2010 - sama da wurare 2,500. A shekara ta 2003, Gidauniyar ta fara sabbin shirye-shiryen ilimi guda biyu: "Karanta Makarantu" da "Karanta Kwana", tare da samun nasarar inganta gabatar da karatun da ƙarfi ga yara a makarantu da makarantun yara. Ba da daɗewa ba, masu tsarawa sun bayyana ga [[Voivodeships|yankuna]] daban-daban, [[birni|birane]], [[Commune (administrative division)|yankuna]], da kuma shugabannin a makarantu, makarantun yara, ɗakunan karatu, da sauran cibiyoyin da ke ba da hadin kai tare da Gidauniyar. Cibiyoyin daga Wrocław sun shiga yakin neman zabe na CPCD a karkashin taken "Dukkanin Wrocłay Yana karantawa ga Yara". Masu shirya da masu tsara wannan aikin sun kasance masu amfani da hanyoyin daga Cibiyar Ci gaban Malamai ta Wrocław. An shirya aikin ne a matsayin gasa ga makarantun firamare da sakandare, da kuma makarantun yara. Gidauniyar ta samar da tallace-tallace na talabijin (ciki har da "Baba, Za ku iya karantawa?", "Matsayin Maza", "Shin Harry Potter A nan?", "Family", "Attic Scares"), gajerun fina-finai tare da mutane suna karantawa ga yaransu, shirye-shiryen shirye-shirye 11 tare da 'yan wasan kwaikwayo na talabiyon suna karantawa" wanda Natalia Kukulska ta yi, "Whole Poland Reads to Children" (wanda Maryla Rodowicz, Ewelina Flinty, Majka Jeżo, Zotrki, Frusz, Zoni, Zama). == Irin wannan kamfen na zamantakewa == * A cikin ƙasashe masu magana da Ingilishi, an fara yaƙin neman zaɓe na " [[Get Caught Reading|Ka Samu Karatu]] a 1999. * Shirye-shiryen da aka tsara akan yakin karatun Poland sun fara a cikin Jamhuriyar Czech, "Cele Česko čte dětem", wanda Václav Havel ya dauki nauyin, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cele Česko čte dětem |url=http://www.celeceskoctedetem.cz/cz/menu/7/cele-cesko-cte-detem-sup-sup-/ |publisher=celeceskoctedetem.cz |access-date=2025-09-12 |archive-date=2011-03-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110312033900/http://www.celeceskoctedetem.cz/cz/menu/7/cele-cesko-cte-detem-sup-sup-/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> a Slovakia (Celé Slovensko číta deťom) da kuma a Lithuania (Visa Lietuva skaito vaikams). A ranar 1 ga Yuni, 2011, a lokacin bikin kaddamar da Makon Karatu na Kasa na 10 na Kasa da Makon Karatu ga Yara na Duniya na 1, wanda aka shirya tare da hadin gwiwar gidauniyar Czech "Celé Česko čte dětem" a Cieszyn da Český Těšín, an sanya hannu kan shelar shirin "Dukkan Yara" - Turai. Daga cikin wadanda suka rattaba hannun har da baki daga kasashen Turai 7. * A cikin 2014, an ƙaddamar da kamfen na "Dukkanin Polonia Karatu ga Yara" a Amurka. Masu gudanarwarta sun hada da Marta Wesołowski, Aneta Pieróg-Sudoł, Hanna Czuma, da Tomasz Moczerniuk. == Kyaututtuka da girmamawa == Don ayyukanta, Gidauniyar ta sami kyaututtuka, gami da: Grand Prix a Bikin Sadarwar Jama'a a shekara ta 2003, gabatarwa ga Kyautar Shugaban Poland don Ayyukan Al'adu ga Yara da Matasa, Crystal Mirror a shekara ta 2004, Medal "Meritorious to Culture Gloria Artis" wanda Ministan Al'adu ya ba da kyautar girmamawa ta IB Pro Publico Bono da Kyautar Ayyukan Dan Adam Optimus Hominum da Kwamitin Taimako na Poland ya ba da ita a shekara ta 2005, Kyautar Jama'a AsaBY, Kyautar Jama-Y, Kyautattun Kyautar Jamautattun Kyautattun Jama'a, Kyautar Kasa da Kyautar Jamaitattun Kyautar Kasa ta AsaBY ta Jama'a ta Jama'ar Gidauni, Kyautar Sarauta ta Jama'ata ta AsaBus, da Kyautar Kasa, Kyautar Kyautar Jamaikatar Gida ta Jama'antu ta Jama'awa ta Jama'ada ta Jama'aikata ta Jama'ad da Kyautar Sarautar Jama'ar ta Jama'at ta Jama'ana ta Jama'ai ta Jama' a lokacin Kyautar Jamahi a lokacin Kya A cikin 2006 da 2011, Gidauniyar ta sami kyaututtuka daga Mai Kula da 'Yancin Yara, a cikin 2007 - lambar yabo da kungiyar [[Macau]] wallafawa ta Poland ta bayar, a cikin 2008 lambar yabo ta Ars Polona, kuma a cikin 2011, lambar yabo ta Hukumar Ilimi ta Kasa da kuma taken NGO na Shekara wanda Majalisar Tattalin Arziki ta bayar a Krynica. == Manazarta == cg9chsjacu75d69mug5w6u8vkh01hlj 0 118270 826610 809534 2026-04-26T09:50:28Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826610 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Edwin Isotu Edeh''' wani malami ne dan Najeriya, marubuci, kiwon lafiyar jama'a da kuma kwararre kan muhalli a halin yanzu yana aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara na kasa na shirin [[Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya]] (WHO) Lafiya da Muhalli (PHE) a Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=September 16, 2023 |title=Accolades pour in for Nigeria’s Environmental Health leader, Isotu-Edeh - News Agency of Nigeria |url=https://nannews.ng/2023/09/16/accolades-pour-in-for-nigerias-environmental-health-leader-isotu-edeh/,%20https://nannews.ng/2023/09/16/accolades-pour-in-for-nigerias-environmental-health-leader-isotu-edeh/ |access-date=May 2, 2024 |language=en-US }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-11-10 |title=WHO says electronic waste exposure threat to women, children’s health - Realnews Magazine |url=https://realnewsmagazine.net/who-says-electronic-waste-exposure-threat-to-women-childrens-health/ |access-date=2024-05-02 |language=en-US}}</ref> Shi ne marubucin littafin, Kiwon Lafiyar Muhalli: Fahimtar Matsalolin Yanzu da Magani na 21st Century wanda aka karɓa a matsayin daidaitaccen rubutu a yawancin jami'o'in Afirka ciki har da Jami'ar Cavendish, Kampala da Jami'ar Mount Kenya. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nwogwugwu |first=Nneka |date=2022-02-05 |title=Data availability would promote environmental health in Nigeria - Isotu-Edeh |url=https://naturenews.africa/data-availability-would-promote-environmental-health-in-nigeria-isotu-edeh/ |access-date=2024-02-24 |website=Naturenews.africa |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Report |first=Agency |date=2023-10-10 |title=NCDC names four states with highest cholera cases |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/632498-ncdc-names-four-states-with-highest-cholera-cases.html |access-date=2024-02-24 |website=Premium Times Nigeria |language=en-GB}}</ref> Shi ne wanda ya yi nasara sau biyu a matsayin mai ba da shawara kan kiwon lafiya na Najeriya na shekarar 2021 da 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Edwin Isotu-Edeh - QUICK NEWS AFRICA |url=https://quicknews-africa.net/tag/edwin-isotu-edeh/ |access-date=2024-02-24 |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Ilimi da aiki == Edwin Edeh ya fara karatunsa na farko a [[Kwalejin Koyar da Kimiyyar Jinya da Fasaha ta Ummah|Kwalejin Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Jihar Ribas]], Fatakwal inda ya karanta fasahar kula da muhalli. Ya sami digiri na biyu a fannin kula da muhalli a [[Jami'ar port harcourt|Jami'ar Fatakwal]] sannan kuma ya yi digirin digirgir a fannin kula da muhalli da kuma kula da muhalli daga [[Jami'ar Najeriya, Nsukka|Jami'ar Najeriya]] . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Dr. Edwin Edeh(Nigeria) |url=https://africawhoswho.org/listing/dr-edwin-edehnigeria/ |access-date=2024-02-24 |website=AFRICAWHOSWHO |language=en-US}}</ref> Edeh yana riƙe da takaddun shaida na kiwon lafiya da jin kai na Jami'ar Manchester ta duniya da kuma bayanan kiwon lafiya tsakanin kwararru daga Jami'ar Minnesota . Shi kwararren memba ne na Kungiyar Muhalli ta Najeriya (NES), Fellow of African Institute of Public Health Professionals (AIPHP), EHORECON mai lasisin Kiwon Lafiyar Muhalli da kuma ƙwararren mai ba da shawara na gudanarwa na Cibiyar Ba da Shawarar Gudanarwa ta Duniya, Zurich. <ref name=":0" /> Edeh ya fara aikinsa ne a matsayin jami'in kula da lafiyar jama'a a Oyorokoto, Andoni, jihar Rivers, daya daga cikin manyan wuraren kamun kifi a yammacin Afirka. Ya koyar a Kwalejin Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Jihar Ribas da ke Fatakwal kafin ya tafi ya koma WHO a matsayin kwararre a fannin kiwon lafiya da muhalli kuma mai ba da shawara na kasa ga Najeriya. <ref name=":0"/> A cikin shekara ta 2018, ya daidaita sake zagayowar sake zagayowar na 3 na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Analysis da Assessment kan Tsabtace da Ruwan Sha (GLASS) Initiative a duk faɗin Najeriya, kuma ya jagoranci 2020 WHO/UNICEF/WSSCC ta tallafa wa WASH TRACKFIN Initiative na bin diddigin saka hannun jari da shigar da kuɗi a cikin Sashin WASH da ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu na Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-09-07 |title=Nigeria, WHO, UNICEF, inaugurate hand hygiene roadmap - Realnews Magazine |url=https://realnewsmagazine.net/nigeria-who-unicef-inaugurate-hand-hygiene-roadmap/ |access-date=2024-05-02 |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ibitomi |first=Foluke |date=2024-02-01 |title=WHO unveils sanitation safety planning initiatives in 5 states |url=https://von.gov.ng/who-unveils-sanitation-safety-planning-initiatives-in-5-states/ |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Voice of Nigeria |language=en-US |archive-date=2024-05-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240502145934/https://von.gov.ng/who-unveils-sanitation-safety-planning-initiatives-in-5-states/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A cikin watan Mayu 2019, ya haɗu da [[Cibiyar Kula da Cututtuka ta Najeriya]] (NCDC), Ma'aikatun Muhalli da Wutar Lantarki, Ayyuka da Gidaje, WHO da sauran abokan haɗin gwiwa na 1st multisectoral National Environmental Health Response don rigakafin cutar zazzabin Lassa a Najeriya. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Report |first=Agency |date=2022-08-27 |title=Experts Urge Nigerians To prevent Pandemics By Sustaining Ecosystems |url=https://independent.ng/experts-urge-nigerians-to-prevent-pandemics-by-sustaining-ecosystems/ |access-date=2024-02-24 |website=Independent Newspaper Nigeria |language=en-GB}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=csrreporters |date=2023-09-27 |title=Sustainability Leaders Laud Edwin Isotu at 40 |url=https://csrreporters.com/sustainability-leaders-lauds-edwin-isotu-at-40/ |access-date=2024-02-24 |website=CSR REPORTERS - Social Responsibility And Sustainability watch |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nigeria |first=News Agency of |date=2024-02-01 |title=WHO unveils sanitation safety initiatives in five states |url=https://gazettengr.com/who-unveils-sanitation-safety-initiatives-in-five-states/ |access-date=2024-02-24 |website=Peoples Gazette Nigeria |language=en-US |archive-date=2025-02-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250224033407/https://gazettengr.com/who-unveils-sanitation-safety-initiatives-in-five-states/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Labarai == Edeh ya wallafa ayyuka da yawa game da lafiyar jama'a da muhalli ciki har da wani littafi mai shafi 426: ''Kiwon Lafiyar Muhalli: Fahimtar Matsalolin Yanzu da Magani na 21st Century'' (2016) ana amfani da shi azaman daidaitaccen rubutu a cikin jami'o'in Afirka da yawa ciki har da [[Jami'ar Cavendish Uganda]] da [[Jami'ar Mount Kenya|Jami'ar Dutsen Kenya]], Nairobi. <ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=Dr. Edwin Edeh(Nigeria) |url=https://africawhoswho.org/listing/dr-edwin-edehnigeria/ |access-date=2024-02-24 |website=AFRICAWHOSWHO |language=en-US}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Marubutan Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 0ps9823mg6k6bzqrj9f61r4v9d5dawy 0 119999 826388 780319 2026-04-26T03:59:22Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826388 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} "For Free" waƙa ce ta dan wasan disc na Amurka [[DJ Khaled]], wanda ke nuna rapper na Kanada [[Drake]] . An sake tane a ranar 3 ga Yuni, 2016 ta We the Best Music Group da Epic Records a matsayin jagora daga kundi na tara na DJ Khaled, Major Key . Nineteen85 da Jordan Ullman ne suka samar da waƙar kuma Frankie Cutlass ne ya hada su.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shake |date=June 3, 2016 |title=. DJ Khaled & Drake Team Up On New Summer Anthem, "For Free" |url=https://2dopeboyz.com/2016/06/03/dj-khaled-drake-for-free-major-key-single/ |access-date=June 4, 2016 }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> An tabbatar da waƙar Quadruple Platinum a cikin Us. ta hanyar Kamfanin Masana'antu na Amurka (RIAA) a ranar 6 ga watan Yuli, 2021, don sayar dashi fiye da miliyan huɗu a Amurka.<ref name="RIAA">{{Cite web |title=RIAA Certifications - DJ Khaled |url=https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&ar=dj+khaled&ti=&lab=&genre=&format=&date_option=release&from=&to=&award=&type=&category=&adv=SEARCH#search_section |access-date=September 10, 2020}}</ref> == Tarihi == A kan [[Snapchat]], DJ Khaled ya yi magana game da "muryar Drake a ƙarshe [kasancewa] a ciki", yana mai da hankali ga waƙar da ba a fitar da ita ba. Waƙar hip hop, layin buɗewa da cadences an haɗa su daga kalmomin buɗewa na Too Short's "Blow the Whistle", wanda Lil Jon ya samar, kuma ya haɗa da Akinyele's "Fuck Me For Free", wanda Frankie Cutlass ya samar. Ɗaya daga cikin ayoyin Drake yana girmama Kendrick Lamar's To Pimp a Butterfly song, "For Free? (Interlude) ".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lang |first=Cady |date=June 3, 2016 |title=Drake and DJ Khaled Release New Track 'For Free' |url=https://time.com/4357243/drake-dj-khaled-for-free/ |access-date=June 5, 2016 |website=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |archive-date=June 4, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160604195402/http://time.com/4357243/drake-dj-khaled-for-free/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ayyukan jadawalin == A kan ginshiƙi mai kwanan wata 25 ga Yuni, 2016, "For Free" ya shiga US [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]] a lamba 18, wanda aka ba da wutar lantarki ta hanyar tallace-tallace na dijital na mako na farko na kwafin 104,748. <ref name="sales2">{{Cite web |last=Mansell |first=Henry |date=June 18, 2016 |title=Hip Hop Single Sales: DJ Khaled, Drake & Desiigner |url=http://hiphopdx.com/news/id.39288/title.hip-hop-single-sales-dj-khaled-drake-desiigner |access-date=June 20, 2016 |publisher=[[HipHopDX]] |archive-date=June 19, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160619160342/http://hiphopdx.com/news/id.39288/title.hip-hop-single-sales-dj-khaled-drake-desiigner |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya zama na huɗu (4) mafi girma na DJ Khaled, ya kai lamba har guda 13 a cikin mako na tara (bayan "[[I'm on One|Ina kan Ɗaya]]" na 2011 tare da Drake, [[Rick Ross]] da [[Lil Wayne]] da kuma "Wild Thoughts" na 2017 tare da [[Rihanna]] da [[Bryson Tiller]] da "Ni Ɗaya ne", tare da [[Justin Bieber]], [[Migos|Quavo]], [[Chance the Rapper]], da Lil Wayne). A cikin Ƙasar Ingila, waƙar ta kai lamba ta 25, yayin da ta kai lamba 47 a Kanada kuma a lamba 79 a kasar Faransa, ta sa Khaleed samun nasara a cikin waɗannan ƙasashe har sai da aka saki "[[I'm the One (DJ Khaled song)|Ni]] [[I'm the One (DJ Khaled song)|ne Ɗaya]]" a Burtaniya da Kanada da kuma "Wild Thoughts" a Faransa.A == Tarihin saki == {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" !Yankin !Ranar !Tsarin !Alamar !Tabbacin. |- ! scope="row" |Amurka | rowspan="1" |Yuni 3, 2016 | rowspan="1" |Rediyon Rediyo na Rediyo |{{Hlist|[[We the Best Music Group|We the Best]]|[[Epic Records|Epic]]}} |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Walker |first=Angus |date=June 3, 2016 |title=DJ Khaled – For Free Feat. Drake &#124; Stream [New Song] |url=http://www.hotnewhiphop.com/dj-khaled-for-free-feat-drake-new-song.1970051.html |access-date=June 3, 2016 |website=HotNewHipHop}}</ref> |- |} == Manazarta == m6w3dooolorwbspntvw2nd2ryrpdcxe 0 120629 826390 735215 2026-04-26T04:12:42Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826390 wikitext text/x-wiki 'Ina so in zama mutum mai tsananin gaske') shi ne kundi na huɗu na mawaƙa da marubucin waƙoƙin Italiyanci Lucio Corsi . An sake shi a ranar 21 ga Maris 2025 ta Sugar Music . Ya lashe Targa Tenco don mafi kyawun kundi na shekara. Kundin ya ƙunshi waƙar taken, wanda Corsi ya yi gasa da shi a Sanremo Music Festival 2025, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Adrian Caporrella |date=18 December 2024 |title=Lucio Corsi: testo e significato di Volevo essere un duro, brano in gara al Festival di Sanremo 2025 |url=https://www.allmusicitalia.it/artista-del-mese/lucio-corsi-testo-e-significato-di-volevo-essere-un-duro-brano-in-gara-al-festival-di-sanremo-2025-testo-e-significato.html |access-date=18 December 2024 |website=All Music Italia |language=it}}</ref> ya kammala a matsayi na biyu kuma an ba shi kyautar "Mia Martini" Critics.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cecilia Esposito |date=20 January 2025 |title=Lucio Corsi a Sanremo 2025: "È un'esperienza che volevo vivere" |url=https://www.sorrisi.com/musica/sanremo/lucio-corsi-al-festival-di-sanremo-2025/ |access-date=20 January 2025 |website=[[TV Sorrisi e Canzoni]]}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=15 February 2025 |title=Sanremo 2025, a Lucio Corsi il Premio della Critica "Mia Martini" |url=https://www.rai.it/ufficiostampa/assets/template/us-articolo.html?ssiPath=/articoli/2025/02/Sanremo-2025-a-Lucio-Corsi-il-Premio-della-Critica-Mia-Martini-5a54c5e6-63f4-422d-988f-fc848888d378-ssi.html |access-date=16 February 2025 |website=[[RAI|Rai Ufficio Stampa Stampa]]}}</ref> An zaɓi wannan waƙar don wakiltar Italiya a Gasar Waƙoƙin Eurovision ta 2025. <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=22 February 2025 |title=Eurovision Song Contest, Lucio Corsi per l'Italia |url=https://www.rai.it/ufficiostampa/assets/template/us-articolo.html?ssiPath=/articoli/2025/02/Eurovision-Song-Contest-Lucio-Co-4c98abb9-2c4d-4d4b-b275-9dd44d9253fb-ssi.html |access-date=22 February 2025 |website=[[RAI|RAI Ufficio Stampa]] |language=it}}</ref> == Tarihi da abun da ke ciki == An sanar da kundin da aka yi a ranar 12 ga Fabrairu 2025 yayin da Corsi ya shiga cikin Sanremo Music Festival, inda ya kasance na biyu a cikin matsayi na gaba ɗaya, a bayan "Balorda nostalgia" na Olly. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Gianni Sibilla |date=16 February 2025 |title=Sanremo 2025: vince Olly |url=https://www.rockol.it/news-750103/sanremo-2025-vince-olly |access-date=16 February 2025 |website=[[Rockol]] |language=it}}</ref> An zabi Corsi a matsayin shigar Italiyanci don Gasar Waƙoƙin Eurovision ta 2025, bayan Olly ya ki damar wakiltar ƙasar a gasar.<ref name=":5"/> Kundin ya ƙunshi waƙoƙi tara da Corsi da kansa ya rubuta tare da Tommaso Ottomano da furodusa Antonio Cupertino, aka Cuper. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 March 2025 |title=Lucio Corsi racconta il nuovo album, "Volevo essere un duro", canzone per canzone |url=https://www.allmusicitalia.it/news/lucio-corsi-volevo-essere-un-duro-track-by-track.html |access-date=21 March 2025 |website=All Music Italia}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Angela Calvini |date=21 March 2025 |title=Musica. Lucio Corsi: "Sogno coi piedi per terra". Perché il suo album ci piace |url=https://www.avvenire.it/agora/pagine/lucio-corsi-sognatore-con-le-radici |access-date=21 March 2025 |publisher=[[Avvenire]]}}</ref> A cikin wata hira da aka saki ga ''Rockol'', Corsi ya bayyana ma'anar kundin: <ref>{{Cite web |last=Cabona |first=Claudio |date=21 March 2025 |title=Lucio Corsi: "Reinvento il passato per riscrivere il domani" |url=https://www.rockol.it/news-750796/lucio-corsi-volevo-essere-un-duro-eurovision-live-2025-intervista |access-date=24 March 2025 |website=[[Rockol]]}}</ref> {{Blockquote|text="Many of the stories on the album relate to the past, to adolescence; they are stories lived by me, or by friends, or by others, or by people I have invented. Reinventing the past is something magical. The future is surprising; the past, in theory, is not because we have already lived it. That's why, if we reinterpret it, it can surprise just like tomorrow; it can have the same effect and allows us to create another personal story. [...] I am very fond of songs with protagonists who are unique characters. Their stories, in fact, may be small, but they contain an epic that deserves to be told and that is sometimes more interesting than those of great events".}} == Ci gaba == === Ma'aurata === An saki na farko, "Tu sei il mattino", a ranar 12 ga Nuwamba 2024. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Vianelli |first=Michela |date=11 November 2024 |title=Il ricordo malinconico del primo amore: "Tu sei il mattino", il nuovo singolo di Lucio Corsi |url=https://www.allmusicitalia.it/news/il-ricordo-malinconico-del-primo-amore-tu-sei-il-mattino-il-nuovo-singolo-di-lucio-corsi.html |access-date=21 February 2025 |website=All Music Italia}}</ref> A ranar 12 ga watan Fabrairun 2025, Corsi ta fitar da na biyu "Volevo essere un duro", wanda ya fafata a bikin kiɗa na Sanremo 2025. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Visentin |first=Barbara |date=5 February 2025 |title="Volevo essere un duro" di Lucio Corsi, il significato del testo a Sanremo 2025 |url=https://www.corriere.it/spettacoli/festival-sanremo/25_febbraio_05/volevo-essere-un-duro-lucio-corsi-significato-testo-sanremo-2025-aef71e65-1ece-4224-b25d-982d68e23xlk.shtml |website=[[Corriere della Sera]]}}</ref> Kodayake ba a sake shi a matsayin mutane ba, Corsi ya ɗora waƙar "Nel cuore della notte" a [[YouTube]] a ranar Kirsimeti ta 2024, kuma a lokacin gabatar da shigarwarsa a Sanremo, ya yi waƙar "Francis Delacroix" a lokuta da yawa. A ranar 6 ga Yuni 2025, "Situazione complicata" ya shiga juyawa na rediyo a matsayin na uku daga cikin kundin. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 June 2025 |title=Lucio Corsi - Situazione complicata (Radio Date: 06-06-2025) |url=https://earone.com/post/45fe7d8f6b28/lucio-corsi-situazione-complicata-radio-date-06-06-2025 |access-date=4 June 2025 |website=EarOne}}</ref> Don inganta kundin sa, Corsi zai fara rangadin da ke nuna wasan kwaikwayo a bukukuwan kiɗa daban-daban, da kuma a cikin tseren Italiyanci da kungiyoyi. Yawon shakatawa ya haɗa da Lucio Corsi Tour 2025, wanda aka shirya daga 10 ga Afrilu zuwa 4 ga Mayu, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Magellano Concerti {{!}} LUCIO CORSI - TOUR 2025 {{!}} Tour |url=https://www.magellanoconcerti.it/tour/159/lucio-corsi-tour-2025 |website=magellanoconcerti.it |access-date=2025-11-18 |archive-date=2025-04-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250419210851/https://magellanoconcerti.it/tour/159/lucio-corsi-tour-2025 |url-status=dead }}</ref> da kuma Lucio Corse Estate 2025, wanda ke gudana daga 12 ga Yuni zuwa 31 ga Agusta. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Magellano Concerti {{!}} LUCIO CORSI ESTATE 2025 {{!}} Tour |url=https://www.magellanoconcerti.it/tour/170/lucio-corsi-estate-2025 |website=magellanoconcerti.it }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Bugu da ƙari, zai yi a Roma's Capannelle Racecourse a ranar 21 ga Yuni kuma a Milan's Hippodrome of San Siro a ranar 7 ga Satumba 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Monica Coviello |date=21 February 2025 |title=Lucio Corsi annuncia "Ippodromi 2025", due nuove date a Roma e Milano |url=https://www.vanityfair.it/article/lucio-corsi-annuncia-ippodromi-2025-due-nuove-date-roma-milano |access-date=21 February 2025 |website=Vanity Fair Italia}}</ref> == Karɓar karɓa mai mahimmanci == Giuliano Delli Paoli daga ''Ondarock'' ya bayyana cewa mawaƙin-marubucin ya yi amfani da "yancin bayyanawa, ba tare da la'akari da yiwuwar zargi na masu tsattsauran ra'ayi ba", yana gano shi ne aikin da ya fi nasara a Corsi, da kuma "ɗaya daga cikin manyan lokutan mawaƙin mawaƙa na Italiya" na karni na 21.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Delli Paoli |first=Giuliano |date=21 March 2025 |title=Recensione: Lucio Corsi - Volevo essere un duro |url=https://www.ondarock.it/recensioni/2025-luciocorsi-volevoessereunduro.htm |access-date=21 March 2025 |website=Ondarock}}</ref> Claudio Todesco daga ''Rolling Stone Italiya'' ya rubuta cewa aikin yana da niyyar "ƙoƙarin yin hotuna na kiɗa ba tare da barin girman mafarki ba", an kafa shi na ɗan lokaci "a cikin ƙuruciya da ƙuruciya, kuma ta haka ne a cikin tunanin kuma watakila a cikin lokacin da ake buƙatar fitar da shi". Bugu da ƙari, ya lura cewa idan aka kwatanta da aikin da ya gabata na Corsi, kundin yana da "sauti mai laushi" don jaddada kalmomin, wanda aka raira tare da sautin "mai tausayi, ba da labari, da haske". <ref name="rollingrev" />   == Manazarta == ao4k8ly1lqji0dhyaovkckw7m8kjno8 0 121504 826236 740405 2026-04-25T12:34:00Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826236 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Claude Njiké-Bergeret (an haife shi 5 Yuni 1943, a Douala, Kamaru ) ita ce babbar diya kuma ɗiyar mishan na Furotesta na Faransa Etienne Bergeret da Charles Bergeret waɗanda suka yi aiki a farkon rabin karni na 20 a yankin bamiléké a Kamaru. Ita ce gwauruwar shugaban Bangangté mai auren mata fiye da daya, Francois Njiké Pokam. Ita ma marubuciya ce, manomi kuma mai tsara al'umma kusa da Foumbot . == Rayuwa == === Yaro a Bangangté === An haifi Claude Njiké-Bergeret ranar 5 ga Yuni 1943, na iyayen Faransa a Kamaru, Afirka. Kakanta, Etienne Bergeret ɗan mishan na Furotesta ne a New Caledonia da Kamaru daga 1917 zuwa 1921. An tura iyayenta zuwa Kamaru. Mahaifinta Charles Bergeret ya zama fasto bayan mahaifinsa Etienne ya yi aure a 1937 zuwa Yvette Guiton, ma'aikacin zamantakewa a Faransa. Ƙananan Jean-Pierre (1938), an haifi Claude a ranar 5 Yuni 1943 a asibitin Turai a Douala. Lokacin da ta kai shekara uku, iyayenta sun zauna a Bangangté . A can, sun gina makarantar gwamnati na [[Mfetom]], inda Njiké-Bergeret ta yi karatun shekarunta na farko. Ta koyi zama da mutanen yankin kuma ta kulla abota da su. Ta wajen cuɗanya da mutanen yankin, ta kuma koyi yaren yankin Bangangté. Bangangté mutane ne na Bamileke. Fon shine shugaban na yau da kullun na mabiyan kusan 60,000. An tara mahaifinta don shiga cikin ' yantar da Faransanci . Claude tana da shekaru 3 a cikin 1946 lokacin da aka haifi 'yar uwarta Mireille. Bergerets sun bar Faransa zuwa Kamaru kuma bayan [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|yakin duniya na biyu]] . An tura su zuwa Bangangté inda Charles Bergeret ya maye gurbin fasto Dieterlé. Dieterlé ya kafa, shekaru shida da suka wuce, manufa ta Mfetom, a kan wani yanki na kasa da shugaban Njike II ya ba da gudummawa. Sun kafa makarantar Mfetom. A lokacin kawai ga 'yan mata. Claude ta shafe shekarunta na makarantar firamare kuma ta girma a can tare da 'yan mata na asali, ba tare da kariya ba. A cikinsu, ta koyi yaren Bamiléké na gida. === Rayuwa a Faransa === A shekara ta 1956, lokacin da Claude ke da shekaru goma sha uku, iyayenta sun koma Faransa, inda Claude ya gama makarantar sakandare. Ta auri Bafaranshe kuma ta haifi 'ya'ya biyu, Serge a 1966 da Laurent a 1968. Ta yi karatun [[Labarin kasa|Geography]] a Jami'ar Aix-en-Provence . Duk da yake a Aix ta shiga cikin zanga-zangar dalibai na 1968 . === Komawa Kamaru === Bayan aurenta ya ci tura a 1972, ta yanke shawarar komawa Kamaru. A cikin 1974 ta rattaba hannu kan wata yarjejeniya da wata ƙungiyar mishan da mahaifinta ya yi aiki don komawa Kamaru a matsayin malami. A can, ta bi sahun iyayenta a matsayin darektan makarantar ƴan mata ta Mfetom. A wannan lokacin, ta shiga cikin rayuwar zamantakewar gida. A cikin 1978, ta haifar da abin kunya lokacin da ta auri fon (shugaba) Njiké Pokam François, duk da cewa ya zauna da mata kusan 30 a auren mata fiye da daya. Ta haifi 'ya'ya biyu tare da shi, Sophia a 1978 da Rudolf a 1980. Bayan mutuwar Njiké Pokam François (an haife shi 13 Yuli 1946, ya mutu 7 Disamba 1987) Claude ya sami ƙaramin yanki kuma ya yi rayuwar karkara. Ta zama sananne a cikin gida a ƙarƙashin sunan ''reine blanche'' (farar sarauniya). Ta hanyar shigar da kanta, auren wata mace mai ilimi, Furotesta, farar fata da wani basarake wani matsayi ne na musamman wanda ya ja hankalin daukacin Kamaru. Claude Njiké-Bergeret mai shiga tsakani ne tsakanin kimar Turai da Afirka. Ta sake gyara ilimi a Mfetom ta hanyar haɗa ƙarin tarihin gida a cikin darussanta da kuma samun ƙarin fahimtar al'adun gida. Ta yi sha'awar ganin Afirka ta inganta a Faransa tun shekarun 1970. A cikin 1997, ta buga tarihin rayuwarta, ''Ma Passion Africaine'' (My African Passion). A cikin 2000, an buga littafinta na biyu, ''La Sagesse de Mon Village'' (Hikimar Kauye na). Littattafanta suna ba da ƙarin haske game da al'adu da al'adun Bangangté. An fassara littattafan zuwa Jamusanci, amma ba cikin Turanci ba. == Aiki == === Littattafan da aka rubuta === * ''Ma passion africaine'', JC Lattès, 1997. Rédition ''J'ai lu'', no 4903, 2000. (384p.). . Tarihin Rayuwa. * ''La sagesse de mon village'', JC Lattès, 2000. (220p.). [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/2 7096 2075 8|<bdi>2 7096 2075 8</bdi>]] . Tarihin Rayuwa. * ''Agis d'un seul cœur'', JC Lattès, 4 ga Fabrairu 2009 (shafukan 252). [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/2 709 62243 2|<bdi>2 709 62243 2</bdi>]] === Aikin noma === Claude yana zaune a [[Nkoutchoup|Nkoutchup]] <ref name="multimania">{{Cite web |title=F. Faverjon : Claude |url=http://membres.multimania.fr/rdefap/faverjon/claude.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120926154452/http://membres.multimania.fr/rdefap/faverjon/claude.html |archive-date=2012-09-26 |access-date=31 May 2014}}</ref> kusa da kogin Noun yana 20&nbsp;km daga Bangangte tare da danginta da abokanta inda take kula da gona. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} * ''Ma passion africaine'', 1997 * ''La sagesse de mon village'', 2000 * ''Agis d'un seul cœur'', 2009 == Sources == * [http://aflit.arts.uwa.edu.au/NjikeBergeret.html site sur Claude Njiké-Bergeret] * * * Envoyé spécial de France 2 [http://inatheque.ina.fr/Ina/ws/dltv/dlweb/general/Record;jsessionid=5600296B316F09BC57A1ED8DE08F127A?m=76&w=NATIVE('TICOL+ph+like+ ''Wakili%E9+sp%E9cial''' )&order=TICOL]{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://aflit.arts.uwa.edu.au/NjikeBergeret.html Shafin Faransanci tare da ƙarin hanyoyin haɗi] {{Authority control}}  [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1943]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] ravs0tsbcb58jfronkds8bl6xvx0xsm 0 122894 826612 745962 2026-04-26T10:04:32Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826612 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Egungun_yoruba_1.jpg|thumb|Egungun, siffofin da aka rufe da kayan ado na mutanen Yoruba a [[Oyo (birni)|Oyo]]]] '''Egungun''', yaren Yoruba: ''egúngún'', wanda aka fi sani da Ará Ọ̀run (Matattu gaba ɗaya) a cikin ma'anar mafi girma shine duk wani masquerade na [[Kasar Yarbawa|Yoruba]] ko masked, adadi mai sutura. Fiye da haka, masquerade ne na Yoruba don girmama kakanninmu, ko kakanninmu da kansu a matsayin karfi na hadin gwiwa. Eégún shine raguwa (abbreviation ta hanyar syllable elision) na kalmar egúngún kuma yana da ma'ana iri ɗaya. Akwai kuskuren ra'ayi cewa Eegun / Egun (Yoruba language: Eégún) shine nau'i ɗaya, ko kuma yana wakiltar kakanninmu yayin da Egúngún shine masquerade ko nau'i na jam'i. Wannan kuskuren ya zama ruwan dare a Amurka ta masu bautar Orisa waɗanda ba sa magana da yaren Yorùbá a matsayin yaren gargajiya. Egungun bayyanar bayyanar ruhohin kakannin da suka mutu waɗanda ke sake komawa cikin al'ummar ɗan adam lokaci-lokaci don tunawa, biki, da albarka.<ref name="ReferenceA">{{Cite web |title=Egungun Masquerade Dance Costume: Ekuu Egungun |url=https://africa.si.edu/exhibits/resonance/44.html |website=www.africa.si.edu }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> [[Fayil:Cérémonie_Egungun_17.jpg|thumb|Egungun a cikin birnin [[Ouidah]]]] == Rarraba nau'ikan Egungun == [[Fayil:Egungun_in_their_coloful_attire.jpg|thumb|An ce 'Egunguns' suna wakiltar matattu a cikin al'umma]] [[Fayil:Voudou_Chile.jpg|thumb|Fasahar da aka yi wa ado]] Rarraba nau'ikan Egun ko Egungun, na iya zama aiki ne mai sauƙi, amma a zahiri yana da matukar rikitarwa wajen fassara fahimtar ilimin asalin asali.<ref>[Rowlands, E.C. (1973-01-01) "Yoruba (Teach Yourself Books", chapter 7, page 39</ref> Waɗannan matsaloli sun haɗa da: wahalar bambance sunayen Egun na mutum ɗaya da kalmomin gama-gari da ake amfani da su don nau’o’i; matsalar tantance “rukuni” inda abin kwaikwayo guda ɗaya zai iya kasancewa cikin nau’o’i da dama a lokaci guda; al’adar '''“layering”''', wato lokacin da abin kwaikwayo ke sanya wani irin kaya a kan wani kuma yana canza su yayin gudanar da wasa; da kuma bambancin ka’idojin da ake amfani da su wajen rarrabe Egungun, tare da yawan sauye-sauye da ke cikin kowane rukuni. Irin waɗannan abubuwa suna nuna rikitarwa wajen nazarin tsarin rarrabuwa na gargajiya da kuma tantance nau’o’in abin kwaikwayo. Waɗannan matsaloli iri ɗaya suna bayyana a cikin ma’anar da kuma amfani da kalmar '''Egungun''' kanta.<ref name="Drewal">{{Cite journal |last=Drewal |first=H.T. |date=April 1978 |title=The Arts of Egungun among Yoruba Peoples |journal=African Arts |volume=11 |issue=3 |pages=18–19+97–98 |doi=10.2307/3335409 |jstor=3335409}}</ref> Duk da haka, bisa ga alaƙar al’adu a yankin kudu maso yammacin Najeriya na Yorubaland, ana iya gano waɗannan sunayen egungun: '''Danafojura''' da '''Awodagbese''' a Ogbomoso, '''Alapansanpa''' a Ibadan, da '''Feleru''' a Ilobu, Jihar Osun. == Matsayin iyali == A cikin addinin [[Yarbawa|Yoruba]], bukukuwan shekara-shekara don girmama matattu suna aiki ne a matsayin hanyar tabbatar da kakanninsu wuri tsakanin masu rai. Sun yi imanin cewa kakanninmu suna da alhakin tilasta masu rai su riƙe ka'idojin ɗabi'a na tsararraki da suka gabata na danginsu, gari ko iyali. Ana yin bikin Egungun a cikin bukukuwan, wanda aka sani da '''Odun Egungun''', da kuma al'adar iyali ta hanyar al'adar masquerade. [[Fayil:Fascinating_Egungun_Attire.jpg|thumb]] A cikin yanayin iyali, dattijo na iyali da aka sani ko dai a hukumance ko kuma ba bisa ka'ida ba kamar "Alagba" yana jagorantar al'adun kakanninmu. Zai iya ko kuma ba za a fara shi ba a cikin al'ummar Egungun ta gida. A cikin al'amuran da suka shafi al'ummomi duka, ana ba da firistoci da masu farawa na Egungun waɗanda aka horar da su a cikin sadarwa ta kakanninmu, ɗaukaka kakanninmu da bukukuwan jana'iza don kiran da fitar da kakanninmu. Suna sa kayan ado masu kyau kamar masquerades. Ta hanyar drumming da rawa, an yi imanin cewa ruhohin kakanninmu sun mallaki masu wasan kwaikwayo na Egungun, kamar yadda aka bayyana a matsayin ƙungiya ɗaya. Egungun suna tsaftace al'umma ta ruhaniya; ta hanyar wasan kwaikwayo mai ban mamaki da kwaikwayon firistocin da ke sanye da tufafi, suna nuna halayyar ɗabi'a da lalata da ta faru tun ziyararsu ta ƙarshe. Ta wannan hanyar, suna fallasa ƙarfin da raunin al'umma don ƙarfafa halayyar da ta dace da zuriyarsu. Lokacin da aka kammala wannan wasan kwaikwayon, masu wasan kwaikwayon kamar Egungun suna ba da saƙonni, gargadi da albarka ga masu kallo da suka taru. Muhimman Egungun sun hada da Oloolu da Alapansanpa, duka biyu na Ibadanland. Elewe na dangi Ìgbómìnà Yoruba, wanda ya zama ruwan dare a garuruwan Òkè-Ìlá Òràngún, Ìlá Òrángún, da Arandun, shi ma yana da daraja sosai. A [[Brazil]], babban addinin Egungun yana samuwa a tsibirin Itaparica, a Jihar Bahia . Gidajen ibada da aka keɓe ga Egungun suma suna nan a wasu jihohi. == Ƙungiyoyin Egungun == [[Fayil:Yoruba_Egungun_Dance_Costume_Brooklyn_Museum.jpg|thumb|Kayan ado na Egungun (tsakiyar karni na 20) Gidan Tarihi na Brooklyn]] Tufa yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a duniyar Yoruba. Bangaskiyarsu ta daidaita tsirara da jariri, hauka, ko rashin alhakin zamantakewa.<ref name="Bascom">{{Cite journal |last=Bascom |first=W.R. |year=1951 |title=Social Status, Wealth and Individual Differences among the Yoruba |url=https://escholarship.org/content/qt8m2406fj/qt8m2406fj.pdf?t=lnq52j |journal=American Anthropologist |volume=53 |issue=4 |pages=490–505 |doi=10.1525/aa.1951.53.4.02a00040}}</ref> Kyakkyawan tufafi suna nuna ikon zamantakewa da daraja. A cikin wasan kwaikwayon girmama kakanninmu, zane mai kyau shine babban matsakaici don canjin masks. Kayan ado na Egungun ya ƙunshi yadudduka masu yawa na zane da aka yi daga kayan ado masu tsada da daraja, suna nuna wadata da matsayi na iyali da kuma ikon kakanninmu. Abubuwan da ke cikin ƙungiyar Egungun suna da siffofi masu yawa. Layer ɗin da aka sa mafi kusa da fatar abin rufe fuska, a ƙarƙashin jaka, dole ne a yi shi da Aso-Oke, indigo da fararen sutura (Hoto 6). Ya yi kama da mayafin da aka lulluɓe matattu.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Egungun Masquerade Costume · Michael C. Carlos Museum Collections Online |url=http://carlos.digitalscholarship.emory.edu/items/show/7947 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200323114012/http://carlos.digitalscholarship.emory.edu/items/show/7947 |archive-date=2020-03-23 |access-date=2018-10-02 |website=carlos.digitalscholarship.emory.edu |language=en-US}}</ref> Wannan jakar, tare da netting don fuska da hannaye, dole ne ya rufe jikin masks gaba ɗaya. Rashin net ɗin yana ɓoye fuska da siffofin hannu waɗanda zasu iya bayyana ainihinsa. A saman wannan tushe an sanya yadudduka na lappets. Yayin da abin rufe fuska ke juyawa, ana aika lappets suna tashi, suna haifar da "hasken albarka. " Saboda haka ƙirar kayan ado tana da alaƙa da wasan kwaikwayon. Henry Drewal ya yi la'akari da cewa iska ta albarka da Egungun suka kirkira na iya danganta da Oya, matar Shango, sarki na huɗu na [[Masarautar Oyo|Oyo]] da allahn tsawa.<ref name=":0"/><ref name="Fitzgerald">{{Cite journal |last=Fitzgerald |first=Mary Ann |last2=Henry J. Drewal |last3=Moyo Okediji |date=Spring 1995 |title=Transformation through Cloth: An Egungun Costume of the Yoruba |journal=African Arts |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=54–57 |doi=10.2307/3337226 |jstor=3337226}}</ref> Oya ita ce guguwa, an dauke ta iska ta albarka, wanda ke gaba da Shango, guguwar. Don yin kayan ado kyakkyawa, kuma ta haka ne mai ƙarfi, ana yin ado da lappets tare da alamu na patchwork, sutura, sequins, takalma, da amulet. Amulets suna riƙe da shirye-shiryen magani waɗanda ke da ikon aiki (ase), suna ba da kariya daga abokan gaba a lokacin da mutumin da ya canza yana da rauni. Babban amulet na kariya, duk da haka, suna cikin kayan ado, ba waje ba. Ana kuma sa kayan ƙarfe a kan tufafi. Wadannan suna kama haske yayin da mai sa shi ke motsawa, suna haifar da walƙiya wanda ke nuna haɗin kai ga duniyar ruhu, Orun . <ref name=":0"/> Yawancin ɓoyayyun yadudduka masu ganuwa da aka yi amfani da su don ƙirƙirar kayan ado na Egungun suna nuna tsarki da na duniya, bi da bi.<ref name=":0"/> Layer, wanda aka yi amfani da shi a hade, yana nuna haɗuwa da waɗanda suka tashi da masu rai.<ref name=":0" /> Ana gyara wani rukuni kuma ana gyara shi don amfani shekara bayan shekara, tare da yadudduka na sabbin lappets da amulet da aka kara don nuna tunawa da girmamawa. Ta hanyar duba, duk da haka, kakanninmu na iya neman sabon kayan ado gaba ɗaya. Mai shi da mai kula, firist na duba, mai gyaran tufafi, mai kula da magunguna wanda ke shirya fakitin magunguna, da dukan zuriyar suna aiki tare wajen kirkirar rukuni. Dangane da dukiyarta, iyali na iya mallakar nau'ikan kayan ado na Egungun, wanda zai iya wakiltar takamaiman ko kakannin gaba ɗaya na zuriyar. Kungiyar Egungun tana aiki ne a matsayin matsakaici don sauya fashewar masks zuwa kakanninsa. Al'ummar Egungun ta kunshi maza da mata waɗanda zuriyarsu ke da damar gabatar da masquerade. Maza suna yin abin rufe fuska. Mata ba sa sa tufafi, kodayake suna shiga cikin mawaƙa da ke raira waƙoƙin yabo da tarihin iyalai. Tsofaffin mata masu matsayi suna yin addu'o'i, addu'o-otal, da hadayu. A bukukuwan shekara-shekara, ana ba da kowane ɗayan zuriya da yawa rana daban don yin. Ana kiyaye abin rufe fuska a nesa da taron da ke kewaye da shi tare da taimakon masu halarta da suka yi ado da kayan ado na nau'o'i daban-daban. Bayan duk Egungun sun yi rawa, ana adana ƙungiyoyi har zuwa wasan kwaikwayo na gaba.<ref name="Fitzgerald"/> == Bikin == '''Bikin Egungun''' wani biki ne da ake yi bikin tsakanin [[Yorubaland|Yoruba]] people, Mutanen Yoruba, wanda ake yin bikin a kowace shekara kuma an ba da shi ga tsararraki. "Bikin da ya biyo baya ya ci gaba da kwanaki da yawa kuma ya ƙarfafa alaƙar da ke haɗa iyalai da al'ummomi tare da kakannin da suka mutu. " <ref name="ReferenceA"/> An yi imanin cewa yana taimakawa wajen bunkasa kasuwanci da kasuwanci kuma gabaɗaya yana haɗa mutanen Yorubaland tare ba tare da la'akari da imanin addininsu ba. <ref>[Rowlands, E.C. (1973-01-01) "Yoruba (Teach Yourself Books", chapter 7, page 39</ref> Membobin al'umma suna rawa zuwa kasuwanni, suna sanye da abin rufe fuska don wakiltar ruhohin da suka mutu na kakanninsu, ruhun da za a bauta wa Ifa Oracle ne kawai ya yanke shawarar. == Matsayin mata a Egungun == Masquerades na Egungun maza ne a cikin aikin kuma maza ne kawai ake ba da izinin haɗi tare da ruhohi a Egungun ta hanyar canzawa zuwa adadi mai rufe fuska. Mata suna da yawa wajen kirkirar kayan, wasan kwaikwayo, raira waƙa, rawa da kallo. Dattawa sun ce rabuwa ta zama dole saboda haɗarin ikon mata.<ref>[Rowlands, E.C. (1973-01-01) "Yoruba (Teach Yourself Books", chapter 7, page 39</ref> A cewar [[Ifá|Ifa corpus]], mata sun taɓa sarrafa Egungun. Al'adar ta samo asali ne daga kwarewar addini ta mata a Yoruba . <ref name=":02">{{Cite journal |last=Olajubu |first=Oyeronke |year=2004 |title=Seeing through a Woman's Eye: Yoruba Religious Tradition and Gender Relations |journal=Journal of Feminist Studies in Religion |language=en |volume=20 |issue=1 |pages=41–60 |jstor=25002489}}</ref> An kuma yi jayayya cewa mata ne masu kula da Egungun kuma bisa ga ''babi'' na ''Odu Irantegbe'' na Ifa corpus, maza ne suka yaudare su kuma an kwashe ikonsu a kan addinin Egungun.<ref name=":02" /> == Dubi kuma == * [[Zangbeto]] == Bayanan da aka ambata == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] bc43it6glnl67rl42uy9o8iiv3mfkth 0 124631 826288 751977 2026-04-25T17:25:00Z ~2026-25308-43 44308 826288 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Harshen harsuna '''[[Grammatical conjugation|da kuma gabar Haɗuwa]]''' da yanayin Larabci na Tunisiya yayi kama da na sauran nau'ikan Larabci. Ya dogara ne akan [[Ingantaccen larabci|Larabci na gargajiya]] kuma ya rinjayi [[Abzinanci|Harsunan Berber]] da [[Harshen Latin|Latin]], tare da wasu abubuwan kirkirar morphological. Tasirin Berber ya fi bayyane a cikin yarukan Pre-Hilalian.<ref name="gibson3" /> == Wakilan sunaye == === Wakilan mutum === Larabci na Tunisiya yana da sunayen mutum 7 tun lokacin da bambancin jinsi na mutum na 2 a cikin nau'i ɗaya bai kasance ba.<ref name="singer">{{In lang|de}} Singer, Hans-Rudolf (1984) ''Grammatik der arabischen Mundart der Medina von Tunis''. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter.</ref> {| class="wikitable" !Mutum<ref name="singer">{{In lang|de}} Singer, Hans-Rudolf (1984) ''Grammatik der arabischen Mundart der Medina von Tunis''. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter.</ref> !Ɗaya daga cikin mutane<ref name="gibson" /><ref name="singer" /><ref name="peacecs" /><ref name="chekili" /> !Yawancin mutane<ref name="gibson" /><ref name="singer" /><ref name="peacecs" /><ref name="chekili" /> |- !Na farko |Aniyar Fasaha |aḥnā أحنا |- !Na biyu |intī wagana |Intom ta kasance |- |- !Na uku (m) |hūwa هوة |hūma هومة |- !Na uku (f) |hīya هية |hūma هومة |} Misali: Silva Zادة - "Ni ma. "<ref name="singer">{{In lang|de}} Singer, Hans-Rudolf (1984) ''Grammatik der arabischen Mundart der Medina von Tunis''. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter.</ref> === Wakilan da ke da alaƙa === Ana amfani da sunayen masu mallaka a matsayin abubuwan mallaka lokacin da aka sanya su a matsayin ma'anar gabatarwa ko suna.<ref name="singer">{{In lang|de}} Singer, Hans-Rudolf (1984) ''Grammatik der arabischen Mundart der Medina von Tunis''. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter.</ref> Lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi bayan aikatau, ayyukansu sunayen abu ne kai tsaye.<ref name="gibson" /><ref name="singer" /><ref name="peacecs" /><ref name="chekili" /> Wadanda ke tsakanin parenthesis sune waɗanda aka yi amfani da su bayan tsarin da ya ƙare da wasali.<ref name="gibson" /><ref name="singer" /><ref name="peacecs" /><ref name="chekili" /> {| class="wikitable" !Mutum<ref name="singer">{{In lang|de}} Singer, Hans-Rudolf (1984) ''Grammatik der arabischen Mundart der Medina von Tunis''. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter.</ref> !Ɗaya daga cikin mutane<ref name="gibson" /><ref name="singer" /><ref name="peacecs" /><ref name="chekili" /> !Yawancin mutane<ref name="gibson" /><ref name="singer" /><ref name="peacecs" /><ref name="chekili" /> |- !Na farko | -ī (-yā) ي- | -nā ba haka ba- |- !Na biyu | -ik (-k) ك- | -kum كم- |- |- !Na uku (m) | -ū (-h) ه- | -Hukpu- |- !Na uku (f) | -hā ها- | -Hukpu- |} Lura, cewa ''t'' da kalmomin mata waɗanda aka gama gabaɗaya tare da ة a, an ƙara t t a gaban ƙayyadaddun waɗanda suka zama tī, tik, tū, thā, tnā, tkum da thum<ref name="singer">{{In lang|de}} Singer, Hans-Rudolf (1984) ''Grammatik der arabischen Mundart der Medina von Tunis''. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter.</ref> === Wakilan abu na kai tsaye === Ana amfani da sunayen sunayen da ba a kai tsaye ba a matsayin ma'anar bayan aikatau kuma a gaban ش- -š na musantawa. <ref name="singer2">{{In lang|de}} Singer, Hans-Rudolf (1984) ''Grammatik der arabischen Mundart der Medina von Tunis''. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter.</ref> Lokacin da akwai haɗuwa da sunayen abu kai tsaye da kai tsaye, ana rubuta sunayen abu na kai tsaye a ƙarshe. <ref name="chekili2" /> Bugu da ƙari, gajeren i na farko don wakilcin abu na kai tsaye koyaushe ana sauke shi lokacin da aka rubuta shi bayan wasali.<ref name="peacecs2" /> ==manazarta == tshu4a62jqaqhe0gf39lk36pslre5tf 0 126574 826290 757625 2026-04-25T17:26:22Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826290 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} John Daniel "'''Raizin'''" Caine (an haife shi a ranar 10 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1968) babban janar ne na Amurka kuma mai cin gashin kansa wanda ke aiki a matsayin shugaban 22 na hadin gwiwar shugabannin ma'aikata tun daga shekara ta 2025.{{Efn|name="Raizin"}} Ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin darektan harkokin soja a [[C.I.A|Hukumar leken asiri ta tsakiya]] daga 2021 zuwa 2024. An ba da izini ga Caine a cikin Sojojin Sama na Amurka bayan kammala karatunsa daga Cibiyar Sojojin Virginia a cikin 1990 kuma ya yi aiki a wurare daban-daban a cikin Sojan Sama, galibi a matsayin matukin jirgi na F-16. Ya zuwa 2025, Caine yana da sa'o'i 2,800 na jirgin sama kuma ya yi yawon shakatawa biyu a [[Iraƙi|Iraki]]. Ya kasance mataimakin kwamandan janar na Kwamandan Ayyuka na Musamman na hadin gwiwa daga 2016 zuwa 2018, mataimakin kwamitin kwamandan janara na Operation Inherent Resolve na musamman daga 2018 zuwa 2019, kuma darektan shirye-shiryen samun dama na musamman a Ofishin Mataimakin Sakataren Tsaro don Samun da Ci gaba daga 2019 zuwa 2021. Ya yi ritaya a shekarar 2024. == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi John Daniel Caine<ref name="Tirpak2">{{Cite web |last=Tirpak |first=John |date=February 24, 2025 |title=Get to Know Lt. Gen. Dan Caine, the Air Guardsman Nominated for Joint Chiefs Chair |url=https://www.airandspaceforces.com/get-to-know-dan-caine-air-guard-joint-chiefs-chairman/ |access-date=February 27, 2025 |website=[[Air & Space Forces Magazine]]}}</ref> a [[Elmira, New York]], a ranar 10 ga watan Agusta 1968.<ref name="Macaulay2">{{Cite web |last=Macaulay |first=Catherine |date=May 8, 2025 |title=Who's Who in Defense: Dan Caine, Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff |url=https://breakingdefense.com/2025/05/whos-who-in-defense-dan-caine-chairman-joint-chiefs-of-staff/ |access-date=June 22, 2025 |website=Breaking Defense}}</ref> Mahaifinsa, Steve Caine, matukin jirgin saman sojan saman Amurka ne mai ritaya tare da matsayi na [[Lieutenant colonel|Lieutenant Colonel.]]<ref name="Macaulay2" /> Caine ta kammala karatu a makarantar sakandare ta Hahn American a [[Hahn, Rhineland-Palatinate]], Jamus . A shekara ta 1990, ya sami digiri na farko na kimiyya a fannin tattalin arziki daga Cibiyar Sojan Virginia.<ref name="Cooper-Schmitt2">{{Cite web |last=Cooper |first=Helene |author-link=Helene Cooper |last2=Schmitt |first2=Eric |author-link2=Eric P. Schmitt |date=February 21, 2025 |title=Dan Caine, Trump's Joint Chiefs Pick, Had Unusual Path to Top Ranks |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/02/21/us/politics/dan-caine-trump-joint-chiefs.html |access-date=February 22, 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> A can, ya buga kwallon kafa ga [[VMI Keydets men's soccer|VMI Keydets.]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=2024 VMI Men's Soccer Record Book |url=https://s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/sidearm.nextgen.sites/vmikeydets.com/documents/2024/12/3/2024_VMI_MSOC_Record_Book.pdf |access-date=June 27, 2025 |publisher=[[Virginia Military Institute]]}}</ref> A shekara ta 2005, ya sami digiri na biyu a fannin yaki da iska daga Jami'ar Sojan Amurka.<ref name="Cooper-Schmitt2" /><ref name="BioNatlGuard2">{{Cite web |title=Biography of Lt. General John D. Caine |url=https://www.nationalguard.mil/portals/31/Features/ngbgomo/bio/3/3007.html |access-date=February 25, 2025 |publisher=[[National Guard (United States)|National Guard]] }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Ayyuka == === Ayyukan soja da horo (1990-2024) === [[Fayil:BG_Caine_Visits_Mosul_4.jpg|alt=Two men in military uniforms touching backs|thumb|Manjo Janar Najim Abdullah al-Jubouri (hagu) tare da Caine a Mosul, [[Iraƙi|Iraki]], Yuni 2018]] An ba da Caine a matsayin mataimakin na biyu ta hanyar Cibiyar Sojan Sama ta Virginia a watan Oktoba na 1990, <ref name="USAFBio">{{Cite web |title=Biography of General John D. Caine |url=https://www.af.mil/about-us/biographies/display/article/2942633/john-d-caine/ |access-date=May 14, 2025 |publisher=[[United States Air Force]]}}</ref> kuma an shigar da shi cikin Shirin Horar da Jirgin Jirgin Jirgi na Yuro-NATO a Sheppard Air Force Base, [[Texas]].<ref name="Kim-Bowman">{{Cite web |last=Kim |first=Juliana |last2=Bowman |first2=Tom |date=February 22, 2025 |title=Who is Trump's pick for chairman of Joint Chiefs of Staff, Dan Caine? |url=https://www.npr.org/2025/02/22/g-s1-50348/dan-caine-new-chairman-joint-chiefs |access-date=February 23, 2025 |publisher=[[NPR]]}}</ref><ref name="Tirpak">{{Cite web |last=Tirpak |first=John |date=February 24, 2025 |title=Get to Know Lt. Gen. Dan Caine, the Air Guardsman Nominated for Joint Chiefs Chair |url=https://www.airandspaceforces.com/get-to-know-dan-caine-air-guard-joint-chiefs-chairman/ |access-date=February 27, 2025 |website=[[Air & Space Forces Magazine]]}}</ref><ref name="BioNatlGuard">{{Cite web |title=Biography of Lt. General John D. Caine |url=https://www.nationalguard.mil/portals/31/Features/ngbgomo/bio/3/3007.html |access-date=February 25, 2025 |publisher=[[National Guard (United States)|National Guard]] }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Ya kammala shirin a matsayin fitaccen digiri a watan Disamba na shekara ta 1993, amma saboda ana rage girman Sojojin Sama a wannan lokacin ya damu da cewa zai iya ƙare da aikin da ba na tashi ba.<ref name="BioNatlGuard" /><ref name="Tirpak" /> Don kauce wa wannan ya yi amfani da adadi mai yawa na Air National Guard, kuma an zaba shi ya zama matukin jirgi na F-16 a cikin 138th Fighter Squadron a Syracuse New York Air National Guard Base.<ref name="Tirpak" /> Caine yana da wannan aikin daga Janairu 1994 zuwa Yuli 1998, kuma ya kasance shugaban horar da 'yan wasa da kuma shugaban makamai a lokuta daban-daban. A shekara ta 1998, ya kammala Makarantar Jami'an Squadron ta hanyar wasiƙa. Daga Yuli 1998 zuwa Janairu 1999, ya kasance matukin jirgi mai koyar da F-16 kuma shugaban makamai na 121st Fighter Squadron a Andrews Air Force Base, [[Maryland]]. Caine ya ci gaba da horo na F-16 a Makarantar Makamai ta USAF, a babban wurinsa na Nellis Air Force Base, [[Nevada]], kuma ya kammala karatu daga Kwalejin Instructor a watan Yunin 1999 a matsayin fitaccen digiri.<ref name="BioNatlGuard" /> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1968]] [[Rukuni:Articles with hAudio microformats]] ptrl86ukh0uw8arshg2xewd5rct7vh8 0 126593 826389 790558 2026-04-26T04:09:22Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826389 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Donald Lindner''' (16 ga Fabrairu 1935 - 31 ga Disamba 2008) ya kasance Dan wasan kwallon kafa na Australiya wanda ya taka leda tare da Arewacin Adelaide a Kudancin Kudancin Australia (SANFL). Shi ne cibiyar rabin gaba a cikin kungiyar North Adelaide ta Team of the Century <ref name="NAFCtotc">{{Cite web |title=North Adelaide Team of the Century |url=https://nafc.com.au/history#century |access-date=26 November 2018 |publisher=[[North Adelaide Football Club]]}}</ref> da Hall of Fame,<ref name="NAFChof">{{Cite web |title=North Adelaide Hall of Fame |url=https://nafc.com.au/club#halloffame |access-date=26 November 2018 |publisher=[[North Adelaide Football Club]] }}{{Dead link|date=February 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> kuma a 2002 an shigar da shi cikin SANFL Hall of Fame.<ref name="SANFLhof">{{Cite web |title=Don Lindner - SANFL Hall of Fame |url=http://sanfl.com.au/halloffame/don-lindner/ |access-date=26 November 2018 |publisher=[[South Australian National Football League|SANFL]]}}</ref> Lindner ya shahara ne saboda babban alama kuma a lokacin da ya yi ritaya a 1970 ya buga wasanni 280, ya zira kwallaye 267 ga Arewacin Adelaide. Wannan jimlar wasannin ya kasance rikodin kulob din har sai Mike Redden ya karya shi a zagaye na 9 na 1991, yayin da Lindner ya kuma buga wasanni 10 kafin kakar wasa / dare.<ref name="stats">{{Cite web |title=North Adelaide player stats |url=https://nafc.com.au/history/player?playerId=c757a0b3-3773-4f8d-89ee-a07f58b579a4 |access-date=26 November 2018 |publisher=[[North Adelaide Football Club]] |archive-date=26 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181126135227/https://nafc.com.au/history/player?playerId=c757a0b3-3773-4f8d-89ee-a07f58b579a4 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="AF">{{Cite web |title=Donald Lindner |url=https://australianfootball.com/players/player/don%2Blindner/223 |access-date=26 November 2018 |publisher=australianfootball.com }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Babban nasarorin da ya samu shi ne lashe lambar yabo ta Magarey ta 1967, da farko ya rasa a kan ƙididdiga, amma an ba shi kyautar baya lokacin da ƙungiyar ta yanke shawarar ba da kyautar ga waɗanda suka rasa a ƙididdiga a cikin shekarun da suka gabata. Ya buga wannan kakar a duka tsaron da kuma ruck kuma ya kasance mafi kyawun nasara a Arewacin Adelaide a karo na uku, bayan da ya lashe kyautar a 1958 da 1962.<ref name="NAFCbf">{{Cite web |title=North Adelaide Best & Fairests |url=https://nafc.com.au/history#BestFairests |access-date=26 November 2018 |publisher=[[North Adelaide Football Club]]}}</ref> Sauran girmamawa a lokacin aikinsa sun haɗa da kaiwa ga burin Arewacin Adelaide a 1955 tare da kwallaye 36, kasancewa memba na kungiyar firaministan su ta 1960, kuma yana wakiltar Kudancin Australia sau 16 a kwallon kafa ta jihohi.<ref name="SANFLhof"/> Ayyukansa mafi kyau a launuka na Kudancin Australia sun zo ne a cikin 1961 Brisbane Carnival inda aka zaba shi a bangaren All-Australian. Ya samu kuri'un Tassie Medal a wasannin biyu da ya buga a Carnival. Ya kuma taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin shahararren nasarar da Kudancin Australia ta samu a kan Victoria a 1963, bayan ya fito daga benci na Reserves a farkon wasan kuma ya zira kwallaye uku kuma ya kafa Lindsay Head don cin nasara. Ya jagoranci kuma ya horar da Arewacin Adelaide daga 1963 zuwa 1966, ya jagoranci su zuwa Grand Final a shekarar farko da yake kula da shi. A shekara ta 1967 ya bar matsayin kocin ga Geof Motley amma ya kasance kyaftin har zuwa 1969. Don Lindner ya mutu yana murnar Sabuwar Shekara ta 2008 a Otal din Hampstead da ke Collinswood. Shi memba ne na SANFL Hall of Fame, amma kamar kyaftin dinsa na farko, Ian McKay, ba memba ne na AFL Hall of fama ba. == Don Lindner Walk == Majalisar Birnin Prospect ta tuna da nasarorin Lindner ta hanyar sanya sunan wani ɗan gajeren hanyar tafiya a kusa da Prospect Oval bayan shi. Hanyar ta haɗa tsohon gidan danginsa a Kintore Avenue tare da gidan kwallon kafa a Menzies Crescent. A ranar 29 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 2010, Magajin garin David O'Loughlin ya bude hanyar Don Lindner a hukumance a lokacin da aka gabatar da takarda a Gidan Majalisar a cikin Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Arewacin Adelaide, wanda baƙi sama da saba'in da iyalin Lindner suka halarta. An sanya takardar a kan gajerun ƙuƙwalwa a kowane ƙarshen hanyar tafiya.[1] [[Fayil:Don_Lindner_Walk.jpg|center|thumb|800x800px|Alamar alama a waje da Prospect Oval, kallon arewa maso gabas zuwa wancan ƙarshen oval]] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1935]] qku5kpgsbwe1c8yuq0of6dfufxh041x 0 127547 826391 760228 2026-04-26T04:19:41Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 4 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826391 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Donald Macdonald Steele''' (17 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1892 - 13 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 1962) ya kasance dan wasan cricket wanda ya buga wasan cricket na farko a Kudancin Australia daga 1912 zuwa 1921. Daga baya ya zama fitaccen likita a Kudancin Australia. == Iyali da rayuwar farko == Don Steele yana ɗaya daga cikin 'yan'uwa shida. 'Yan uwansa David Macdonald Steele da Ken Steele <ref>{{Cite web |title=STEELE, David MacDonald MC & Bar |url=http://anzacsonline.net.au/2012/11/steele-david-macdonald-mc-bar |access-date=1 July 2017 |publisher=Anzacs Online |archive-date=28 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190228030502/http://anzacsonline.net.au/2012/11/steele-david-macdonald-mc-bar/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> sun kasance likitoci waɗanda suka yi aiki a matsayin jami'an kiwon lafiya a fagen a [[Yaƙin Duniya na I]]. Ken ya kuma buga wasan kurket na farko ga Kudancin Australia kafin yaƙin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kenneth Nugent STEELE |url=https://www.aif.adfa.edu.au/showPerson?pid=286742 |access-date=1 July 2017 |publisher=The AIF Project}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Kenneth Steele |url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/australia/content/player/7830.html |access-date=1 July 2017 |publisher=Cricinfo}}</ref> Don ya halarci Kwalejin Prince Alfred, Adelaide, inda ya taka leda a gasar XI ta farko na shekaru shida daga 1907 zuwa 1912, inda ya jagoranci tawagar a cikin shekaru uku da suka gabata.<ref>{{Cite web |title=STEELE, David MacDonald MC & Bar |url=http://anzacsonline.net.au/2012/11/steele-david-macdonald-mc-bar |access-date=1 July 2017 |publisher=Anzacs Online |archive-date=28 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190228030502/http://anzacsonline.net.au/2012/11/steele-david-macdonald-mc-bar/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Daga nan ya yi karatun likitanci a Jami'ar Adelaide, ya cancanci zama likita a ƙarshen 1919. == Ayyukan wasan cricket == Steele ya buga wasan sa na farko a Kudancin Australia a watan Janairun 1912 yayin da yake makaranta. Ya zama dan wasa na yau da kullun a cikin tawagar jihar a 1912-13 kuma ya kasance mai aiki a gefe har zuwa ƙarshen kakar 1920-21, karatu da ayyukan sana'a sun ba da izini. A wasansa na farko a kakar 1912-13 ya zira kwallaye 113 ba a cikin minti 175 a kan New South Wales a cikin nasara a Kudancin Australia.<ref>{{Cite web |title=STEELE, David MacDonald MC & Bar |url=http://anzacsonline.net.au/2012/11/steele-david-macdonald-mc-bar |access-date=1 July 2017 |publisher=Anzacs Online |archive-date=28 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190228030502/http://anzacsonline.net.au/2012/11/steele-david-macdonald-mc-bar/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya zira kwallaye na biyu a shekara ta 1914-15 lokacin da ya zira kwallayen 100 a cikin minti 135, kuma a kan New South Wales.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kenneth Nugent STEELE |url=https://www.aif.adfa.edu.au/showPerson?pid=286742 |access-date=1 July 2017 |publisher=The AIF Project}}</ref> Ya jagoranci Kudancin Australia a wasanni uku na karshe na kakar Sheffield Shield ta 1920-21, inda ya zira kwallaye 107 a wasan farko, a kan Victoria.<ref>{{Cite web |title=STEELE, David MacDonald MC & Bar |url=http://anzacsonline.net.au/2012/11/steele-david-macdonald-mc-bar |access-date=1 July 2017 |publisher=Anzacs Online |archive-date=28 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190228030502/http://anzacsonline.net.au/2012/11/steele-david-macdonald-mc-bar/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ya gama kakar a saman matsakaicin batting na Kudancin Australia, tare da gudu 280 a 56.00.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kenneth Nugent STEELE |url=https://www.aif.adfa.edu.au/showPerson?pid=286742 |access-date=1 July 2017 |publisher=The AIF Project}}</ref> An zaba shi ya zama kyaftin din tawagar Australiya don yawon shakatawa a New Zealand a ƙarshen kakar. Koyaya, bai iya zuwa yawon shakatawa ba, bayan ya shirya yin aiki a matsayin locum a Port Lincoln. Ayyukansa na sana'a sun hana shi yin wasa da kowane wasan kurket na farko. == Rayuwa ta baya == Ya yi aiki a matsayin likita a Port Lincoln na wasu shekaru kafin ya koma aiki a Adelaide, inda shi da matarsa suka zauna a Glenelg. Yayinda yake kallon Wasan gwaji a Adelaide Oval a 1925 an kira shi don kula da dan wasan Ingila mai suna Tich Freeman, wanda ya karya wuyansa yayin ƙoƙarin kamawa. Steele ya sanya wuyan hannu a cikin raguwa sannan ya kai Freeman asibiti.[1] Ɗansa Ian shi ma likita ne. == Manazarta == apjzoldpajfa5d1ojmaoffxvdulsxec 0 127680 826436 793122 2026-04-26T07:09:55Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Farkon aiki */ 826436 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Ismaila Ahmed Gadaka.jpg|thumb|Ismaila Ahmed Gadaka]] An naɗa Alhaji '''Ismaila''' '''Ahmed Dala Ibn Madugu Khaji II''' a matsayin Sarki na 20, ko kuma sarkin gargajiya, na [[Gudi Emirate|Masarautar Gudi]] a ranar 2 ga watan Agusta 2025.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Usman |first=Shehu |date=2025-08-02 |title=Yobe: Gov Buni appoints ex-rep Ismaila Gadaka new Emir of Gudi |url=https://dailypost.ng/2025/08/02/yobe-gov-buni-appoints-ex-rep-ismaila-gadaka-new-emir-of-gudi/ |access-date=2025-08-03 |website=Daily Post Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Abubakar |first=Mohammed |date=2025-08-02 |title=Gadaka Appointed As New Mai Gudi Of Gudi Emirate |url=https://independent.ng/gadaka-appointed-as-new-mai-gudi-of-gudi-emirate/ |access-date=2025-08-03 |website=Independent Newspaper Nigeria |language=en-GB}}</ref>Fadar sarkin tana cikin [[Gadaka]], [[Yobe|Jihar Yobe]], [[Najeriya]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=President Tinubu Appoints Governing Councils of Federal Colleges of Education – The Statehouse, Abuja |url=https://statehouse.gov.ng/news/president-tinubu-appoints-governing-councils-of-federal-colleges-of-education/ |access-date=2025-08-03 |language=en-US |archive-date=2024-08-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240830085812/https://statehouse.gov.ng/news/president-tinubu-appoints-governing-councils-of-federal-colleges-of-education/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Sarkin (ko Mai a yaren gida) shine shugaban [[Gamanci|mutanen Ngamo]].<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Yobe: Ex-Rep Gadaka appointed as Emir of Gudi |url=https://dailytrust.com/yobe-ex-rep-gadaka-appointed-as-emir-of-gudi/ |access-date=2025-08-03 |website=Daily Trust |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Farkon aiki == Ismaila Gadaka ya fara aikinsa a ɓangaren banki kuma ''[[United Bank for Africa]]'' (UBA) ta yi masa aiki sannan ya haye zuwa ''Standard Trust Bank'' inda ya tashi ya zama Manajan Kasuwanci.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Yusuf |first=Yusuf A. |last2=Damaturu |date=2025-08-02 |title=Breaking: Yobe governor Buni appoints new emir of Gudi |url=https://blueprint.ng/breaking-yobe-governor-buni-appoints-new-emir-of-gudi/ |access-date=2025-08-03 |website=Blueprint Newspapers Limited |language=en-US}}</ref> Daga 2007 zuwa 2010, ya yi aiki a matsayin Kwamishinan Hon. a gwamnatin [[jihar Yobe]] . A cikin zaɓen 2011, ya yi aiki a matsayin memba na Majalisar Wakilai ta Tarayyar [[Najeriya]] wanda ke wakiltar mazabar [[Fika]] / [[Fune]] ta Tarayya a [[Jihar Yobe]] .<ref name=":3"/> Shi ne Shugaban Kwamitin Kula da Ayyukan Karamar Hukumar daga 2024 zuwa yau. Shi ne kuma Shugaban Majalisar Gudanarwa, Kwalejin Ilimi ta Tarayya, Yawuri, [[jihar Kebbi]], daga 2024 zuwa yau.<ref>{{Cite web |title=President Tinubu Appoints Governing Councils of Federal Colleges of Education – The Statehouse, Abuja |url=https://statehouse.gov.ng/news/president-tinubu-appoints-governing-councils-of-federal-colleges-of-education/ |access-date=2025-08-03 |language=en-US |archive-date=2024-08-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240830085812/https://statehouse.gov.ng/news/president-tinubu-appoints-governing-councils-of-federal-colleges-of-education/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":1"/><ref name=":0"/> == Sarkin sarakuna == Kafin a nada shi sarkin, Ismaila Gadaka ya rike taken Yariman Gudi . Ya zama sarkin da ya maye gurbin Alhaji Isa Bunuwo Madugu Ibn Khaji a watan Agustan shekara ta 2025 bayan Gwamnan [[Yobe|Jihar Yobe]], [[Mai Mala Buni]], ya zaɓi sunansa daga jerin 'yan takara da sarakunan masarautar Gudi suka gabatar. == Tsofaffi == {| class="wikitable sortable" |+'''Majalisar Gudi ta Masarautar, Jihar Yobe - Emirs na baya da na yanzu''' !S/N !Sunayen !Daga !Zuwa !Shekaru |- |1 |Mai Gudi |1801 |1821 |20 |- |2 |Mai Gali |1821 |1842 |21 |- |3 |Mai Janga |1842 |1846 |4 |- |4 |Mai Malka I |1846 |1849 |3 |- |5 |Mai Malka na II |1849 |1853 |4 |- |6 |Mai Mado |1853 |1859 |6 |- |7 |Mai Galka |1859 |1862 |3 |- |8 |Mai Khahji |1862 |1866 |4 |- |9 |Mai Guze |1866 |1870 |4 |- |10 |Mai Loda |1870 |1871 |1 |- |11 |Mai Ambe |1871 |1881 |10 |- |12 |Mai Bebe Tunga |1881 |1886 |5 |- |13 |Mai Waya |1886 |1890 |4 |- |14 |Mai Somlo |1891 |1897 |6 |- |15 |Mai Doya |1897 |1899 |2 |- |16 |Mai Gado |1899 |1902 |3 |- |17 |Mai Bunuwo |1902 |1910 |8 |- |18 |Mai Yanka |1910 |1931 |21 |- |19 |Mai Isa Ibn Khaji Bunowo |1993 |2025 |32 |- |20 |Mai Isma'ila Ahmed Ibn Madugu Khaji |2025 |yanzu | - |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Musulman Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Jihar Yobe]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] arg2myew2o4ithwutyubla40iv4jf2e 826440 826436 2026-04-26T07:11:01Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Farkon aiki */ 826440 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Ismaila Ahmed Gadaka.jpg|thumb|Ismaila Ahmed Gadaka]] An naɗa Alhaji '''Ismaila''' '''Ahmed Dala Ibn Madugu Khaji II''' a matsayin Sarki na 20, ko kuma sarkin gargajiya, na [[Gudi Emirate|Masarautar Gudi]] a ranar 2 ga watan Agusta 2025.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Usman |first=Shehu |date=2025-08-02 |title=Yobe: Gov Buni appoints ex-rep Ismaila Gadaka new Emir of Gudi |url=https://dailypost.ng/2025/08/02/yobe-gov-buni-appoints-ex-rep-ismaila-gadaka-new-emir-of-gudi/ |access-date=2025-08-03 |website=Daily Post Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Abubakar |first=Mohammed |date=2025-08-02 |title=Gadaka Appointed As New Mai Gudi Of Gudi Emirate |url=https://independent.ng/gadaka-appointed-as-new-mai-gudi-of-gudi-emirate/ |access-date=2025-08-03 |website=Independent Newspaper Nigeria |language=en-GB}}</ref>Fadar sarkin tana cikin [[Gadaka]], [[Yobe|Jihar Yobe]], [[Najeriya]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=President Tinubu Appoints Governing Councils of Federal Colleges of Education – The Statehouse, Abuja |url=https://statehouse.gov.ng/news/president-tinubu-appoints-governing-councils-of-federal-colleges-of-education/ |access-date=2025-08-03 |language=en-US |archive-date=2024-08-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240830085812/https://statehouse.gov.ng/news/president-tinubu-appoints-governing-councils-of-federal-colleges-of-education/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Sarkin (ko Mai a yaren gida) shine shugaban [[Gamanci|mutanen Ngamo]].<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Yobe: Ex-Rep Gadaka appointed as Emir of Gudi |url=https://dailytrust.com/yobe-ex-rep-gadaka-appointed-as-emir-of-gudi/ |access-date=2025-08-03 |website=Daily Trust |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Farkon aiki == Ismaila Gadaka ya fara aikinsa a ɓangaren banki kuma ''[[United Bank for Africa]]'' (UBA) ta yi masa aiki sannan ya haye zuwa ''Standard Trust Bank'' inda ya tashi ya zama Manajan Kasuwanci.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Yusuf |first=Yusuf A. |last2=Damaturu |date=2025-08-02 |title=Breaking: Yobe governor Buni appoints new emir of Gudi |url=https://blueprint.ng/breaking-yobe-governor-buni-appoints-new-emir-of-gudi/ |access-date=2025-08-03 |website=Blueprint Newspapers Limited |language=en-US}}</ref> Daga 2007 zuwa 2010, ya yi aiki a matsayin Kwamishinan Hon. a gwamnatin [[jihar Yobe]] . A cikin zaɓen 2011, ya yi aiki a matsayin memba na Majalisar Wakilai ta Tarayyar [[Najeriya]] wanda ke wakiltar mazaɓar [[Fika]] / [[Fune]] ta Tarayya a [[Jihar Yobe]] .<ref name=":3"/> Shi ne Shugaban Kwamitin Kula da Ayyukan Karamar Hukumar daga 2024 zuwa yau. Shi ne kuma Shugaban Majalisar Gudanarwa, Kwalejin Ilimi ta Tarayya, Yawuri, [[jihar Kebbi]], daga 2024 zuwa yau.<ref>{{Cite web |title=President Tinubu Appoints Governing Councils of Federal Colleges of Education – The Statehouse, Abuja |url=https://statehouse.gov.ng/news/president-tinubu-appoints-governing-councils-of-federal-colleges-of-education/ |access-date=2025-08-03 |language=en-US |archive-date=2024-08-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240830085812/https://statehouse.gov.ng/news/president-tinubu-appoints-governing-councils-of-federal-colleges-of-education/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":1"/><ref name=":0"/> == Sarkin sarakuna == Kafin a nada shi sarkin, Ismaila Gadaka ya rike taken Yariman Gudi . Ya zama sarkin da ya maye gurbin Alhaji Isa Bunuwo Madugu Ibn Khaji a watan Agustan shekara ta 2025 bayan Gwamnan [[Yobe|Jihar Yobe]], [[Mai Mala Buni]], ya zaɓi sunansa daga jerin 'yan takara da sarakunan masarautar Gudi suka gabatar. == Tsofaffi == {| class="wikitable sortable" |+'''Majalisar Gudi ta Masarautar, Jihar Yobe - Emirs na baya da na yanzu''' !S/N !Sunayen !Daga !Zuwa !Shekaru |- |1 |Mai Gudi |1801 |1821 |20 |- |2 |Mai Gali |1821 |1842 |21 |- |3 |Mai Janga |1842 |1846 |4 |- |4 |Mai Malka I |1846 |1849 |3 |- |5 |Mai Malka na II |1849 |1853 |4 |- |6 |Mai Mado |1853 |1859 |6 |- |7 |Mai Galka |1859 |1862 |3 |- |8 |Mai Khahji |1862 |1866 |4 |- |9 |Mai Guze |1866 |1870 |4 |- |10 |Mai Loda |1870 |1871 |1 |- |11 |Mai Ambe |1871 |1881 |10 |- |12 |Mai Bebe Tunga |1881 |1886 |5 |- |13 |Mai Waya |1886 |1890 |4 |- |14 |Mai Somlo |1891 |1897 |6 |- |15 |Mai Doya |1897 |1899 |2 |- |16 |Mai Gado |1899 |1902 |3 |- |17 |Mai Bunuwo |1902 |1910 |8 |- |18 |Mai Yanka |1910 |1931 |21 |- |19 |Mai Isa Ibn Khaji Bunowo |1993 |2025 |32 |- |20 |Mai Isma'ila Ahmed Ibn Madugu Khaji |2025 |yanzu | - |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Musulman Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Jihar Yobe]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] qp0xdxwfq150jtngr2cqcn0kry53jlk 826441 826440 2026-04-26T07:11:55Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Farkon aiki */ 826441 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Ismaila Ahmed Gadaka.jpg|thumb|Ismaila Ahmed Gadaka]] An naɗa Alhaji '''Ismaila''' '''Ahmed Dala Ibn Madugu Khaji II''' a matsayin Sarki na 20, ko kuma sarkin gargajiya, na [[Gudi Emirate|Masarautar Gudi]] a ranar 2 ga watan Agusta 2025.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Usman |first=Shehu |date=2025-08-02 |title=Yobe: Gov Buni appoints ex-rep Ismaila Gadaka new Emir of Gudi |url=https://dailypost.ng/2025/08/02/yobe-gov-buni-appoints-ex-rep-ismaila-gadaka-new-emir-of-gudi/ |access-date=2025-08-03 |website=Daily Post Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Abubakar |first=Mohammed |date=2025-08-02 |title=Gadaka Appointed As New Mai Gudi Of Gudi Emirate |url=https://independent.ng/gadaka-appointed-as-new-mai-gudi-of-gudi-emirate/ |access-date=2025-08-03 |website=Independent Newspaper Nigeria |language=en-GB}}</ref>Fadar sarkin tana cikin [[Gadaka]], [[Yobe|Jihar Yobe]], [[Najeriya]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=President Tinubu Appoints Governing Councils of Federal Colleges of Education – The Statehouse, Abuja |url=https://statehouse.gov.ng/news/president-tinubu-appoints-governing-councils-of-federal-colleges-of-education/ |access-date=2025-08-03 |language=en-US |archive-date=2024-08-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240830085812/https://statehouse.gov.ng/news/president-tinubu-appoints-governing-councils-of-federal-colleges-of-education/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Sarkin (ko Mai a yaren gida) shine shugaban [[Gamanci|mutanen Ngamo]].<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Yobe: Ex-Rep Gadaka appointed as Emir of Gudi |url=https://dailytrust.com/yobe-ex-rep-gadaka-appointed-as-emir-of-gudi/ |access-date=2025-08-03 |website=Daily Trust |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Farkon aiki == Ismaila Gadaka ya fara aikinsa a ɓangaren banki kuma ''[[United Bank for Africa]]'' (UBA) ta yi masa aiki sannan ya haye zuwa ''Standard Trust Bank'' inda ya tashi ya zama Manajan Kasuwanci.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Yusuf |first=Yusuf A. |last2=Damaturu |date=2025-08-02 |title=Breaking: Yobe governor Buni appoints new emir of Gudi |url=https://blueprint.ng/breaking-yobe-governor-buni-appoints-new-emir-of-gudi/ |access-date=2025-08-03 |website=Blueprint Newspapers Limited |language=en-US}}</ref> Daga 2007 zuwa 2010, ya yi aiki a matsayin Kwamishinan Hon. a gwamnatin [[jihar Yobe]] . A cikin zaɓen 2011, ya yi aiki a matsayin memba na Majalisar Wakilai ta Tarayyar [[Najeriya]] wanda ke wakiltar mazaɓar [[Fika]] / [[Fune]] ta Tarayya a [[Jihar Yobe]] .<ref name=":3"/> Shi ne Shugaban Kwamitin Kula da ayyukan ƙaramar Hukumar daga 2024 zuwa yau. Shi ne kuma Shugaban Majalisar Gudanarwa, Kwalejin Ilimi ta Tarayya, Yawuri, [[jihar Kebbi]], daga 2024 zuwa yau.<ref>{{Cite web |title=President Tinubu Appoints Governing Councils of Federal Colleges of Education – The Statehouse, Abuja |url=https://statehouse.gov.ng/news/president-tinubu-appoints-governing-councils-of-federal-colleges-of-education/ |access-date=2025-08-03 |language=en-US |archive-date=2024-08-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240830085812/https://statehouse.gov.ng/news/president-tinubu-appoints-governing-councils-of-federal-colleges-of-education/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":1"/><ref name=":0"/> == Sarkin sarakuna == Kafin a nada shi sarkin, Ismaila Gadaka ya rike taken Yariman Gudi . Ya zama sarkin da ya maye gurbin Alhaji Isa Bunuwo Madugu Ibn Khaji a watan Agustan shekara ta 2025 bayan Gwamnan [[Yobe|Jihar Yobe]], [[Mai Mala Buni]], ya zaɓi sunansa daga jerin 'yan takara da sarakunan masarautar Gudi suka gabatar. == Tsofaffi == {| class="wikitable sortable" |+'''Majalisar Gudi ta Masarautar, Jihar Yobe - Emirs na baya da na yanzu''' !S/N !Sunayen !Daga !Zuwa !Shekaru |- |1 |Mai Gudi |1801 |1821 |20 |- |2 |Mai Gali |1821 |1842 |21 |- |3 |Mai Janga |1842 |1846 |4 |- |4 |Mai Malka I |1846 |1849 |3 |- |5 |Mai Malka na II |1849 |1853 |4 |- |6 |Mai Mado |1853 |1859 |6 |- |7 |Mai Galka |1859 |1862 |3 |- |8 |Mai Khahji |1862 |1866 |4 |- |9 |Mai Guze |1866 |1870 |4 |- |10 |Mai Loda |1870 |1871 |1 |- |11 |Mai Ambe |1871 |1881 |10 |- |12 |Mai Bebe Tunga |1881 |1886 |5 |- |13 |Mai Waya |1886 |1890 |4 |- |14 |Mai Somlo |1891 |1897 |6 |- |15 |Mai Doya |1897 |1899 |2 |- |16 |Mai Gado |1899 |1902 |3 |- |17 |Mai Bunuwo |1902 |1910 |8 |- |18 |Mai Yanka |1910 |1931 |21 |- |19 |Mai Isa Ibn Khaji Bunowo |1993 |2025 |32 |- |20 |Mai Isma'ila Ahmed Ibn Madugu Khaji |2025 |yanzu | - |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Musulman Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Jihar Yobe]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 3753rpluqs3aibnj42rd2ov8362o30q 826443 826441 2026-04-26T07:12:34Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Sarkin sarakuna */ 826443 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Ismaila Ahmed Gadaka.jpg|thumb|Ismaila Ahmed Gadaka]] An naɗa Alhaji '''Ismaila''' '''Ahmed Dala Ibn Madugu Khaji II''' a matsayin Sarki na 20, ko kuma sarkin gargajiya, na [[Gudi Emirate|Masarautar Gudi]] a ranar 2 ga watan Agusta 2025.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Usman |first=Shehu |date=2025-08-02 |title=Yobe: Gov Buni appoints ex-rep Ismaila Gadaka new Emir of Gudi |url=https://dailypost.ng/2025/08/02/yobe-gov-buni-appoints-ex-rep-ismaila-gadaka-new-emir-of-gudi/ |access-date=2025-08-03 |website=Daily Post Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Abubakar |first=Mohammed |date=2025-08-02 |title=Gadaka Appointed As New Mai Gudi Of Gudi Emirate |url=https://independent.ng/gadaka-appointed-as-new-mai-gudi-of-gudi-emirate/ |access-date=2025-08-03 |website=Independent Newspaper Nigeria |language=en-GB}}</ref>Fadar sarkin tana cikin [[Gadaka]], [[Yobe|Jihar Yobe]], [[Najeriya]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=President Tinubu Appoints Governing Councils of Federal Colleges of Education – The Statehouse, Abuja |url=https://statehouse.gov.ng/news/president-tinubu-appoints-governing-councils-of-federal-colleges-of-education/ |access-date=2025-08-03 |language=en-US |archive-date=2024-08-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240830085812/https://statehouse.gov.ng/news/president-tinubu-appoints-governing-councils-of-federal-colleges-of-education/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Sarkin (ko Mai a yaren gida) shine shugaban [[Gamanci|mutanen Ngamo]].<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Yobe: Ex-Rep Gadaka appointed as Emir of Gudi |url=https://dailytrust.com/yobe-ex-rep-gadaka-appointed-as-emir-of-gudi/ |access-date=2025-08-03 |website=Daily Trust |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Farkon aiki == Ismaila Gadaka ya fara aikinsa a ɓangaren banki kuma ''[[United Bank for Africa]]'' (UBA) ta yi masa aiki sannan ya haye zuwa ''Standard Trust Bank'' inda ya tashi ya zama Manajan Kasuwanci.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Yusuf |first=Yusuf A. |last2=Damaturu |date=2025-08-02 |title=Breaking: Yobe governor Buni appoints new emir of Gudi |url=https://blueprint.ng/breaking-yobe-governor-buni-appoints-new-emir-of-gudi/ |access-date=2025-08-03 |website=Blueprint Newspapers Limited |language=en-US}}</ref> Daga 2007 zuwa 2010, ya yi aiki a matsayin Kwamishinan Hon. a gwamnatin [[jihar Yobe]] . A cikin zaɓen 2011, ya yi aiki a matsayin memba na Majalisar Wakilai ta Tarayyar [[Najeriya]] wanda ke wakiltar mazaɓar [[Fika]] / [[Fune]] ta Tarayya a [[Jihar Yobe]] .<ref name=":3"/> Shi ne Shugaban Kwamitin Kula da ayyukan ƙaramar Hukumar daga 2024 zuwa yau. Shi ne kuma Shugaban Majalisar Gudanarwa, Kwalejin Ilimi ta Tarayya, Yawuri, [[jihar Kebbi]], daga 2024 zuwa yau.<ref>{{Cite web |title=President Tinubu Appoints Governing Councils of Federal Colleges of Education – The Statehouse, Abuja |url=https://statehouse.gov.ng/news/president-tinubu-appoints-governing-councils-of-federal-colleges-of-education/ |access-date=2025-08-03 |language=en-US |archive-date=2024-08-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240830085812/https://statehouse.gov.ng/news/president-tinubu-appoints-governing-councils-of-federal-colleges-of-education/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":1"/><ref name=":0"/> == Sarkin sarakuna == Kafin a naɗa shi sarkin, Ismaila Gadaka ya rike taken Yariman Gudi . Ya zama sarkin da ya maye gurbin Alhaji Isa Bunuwo Madugu Ibn Khaji a watan Agustan shekara ta 2025 bayan Gwamnan [[Yobe|Jihar Yobe]], [[Mai Mala Buni]], ya zaɓi sunansa daga jerin 'yan takara da sarakunan masarautar Gudi suka gabatar. == Tsofaffi == {| class="wikitable sortable" |+'''Majalisar Gudi ta Masarautar, Jihar Yobe - Emirs na baya da na yanzu''' !S/N !Sunayen !Daga !Zuwa !Shekaru |- |1 |Mai Gudi |1801 |1821 |20 |- |2 |Mai Gali |1821 |1842 |21 |- |3 |Mai Janga |1842 |1846 |4 |- |4 |Mai Malka I |1846 |1849 |3 |- |5 |Mai Malka na II |1849 |1853 |4 |- |6 |Mai Mado |1853 |1859 |6 |- |7 |Mai Galka |1859 |1862 |3 |- |8 |Mai Khahji |1862 |1866 |4 |- |9 |Mai Guze |1866 |1870 |4 |- |10 |Mai Loda |1870 |1871 |1 |- |11 |Mai Ambe |1871 |1881 |10 |- |12 |Mai Bebe Tunga |1881 |1886 |5 |- |13 |Mai Waya |1886 |1890 |4 |- |14 |Mai Somlo |1891 |1897 |6 |- |15 |Mai Doya |1897 |1899 |2 |- |16 |Mai Gado |1899 |1902 |3 |- |17 |Mai Bunuwo |1902 |1910 |8 |- |18 |Mai Yanka |1910 |1931 |21 |- |19 |Mai Isa Ibn Khaji Bunowo |1993 |2025 |32 |- |20 |Mai Isma'ila Ahmed Ibn Madugu Khaji |2025 |yanzu | - |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Musulman Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Jihar Yobe]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] hrl3z9xq6xzrrkwzwrl2vi7hmg1n9rv 826446 826443 2026-04-26T07:13:01Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Sarkin sarakuna */ 826446 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Ismaila Ahmed Gadaka.jpg|thumb|Ismaila Ahmed Gadaka]] An naɗa Alhaji '''Ismaila''' '''Ahmed Dala Ibn Madugu Khaji II''' a matsayin Sarki na 20, ko kuma sarkin gargajiya, na [[Gudi Emirate|Masarautar Gudi]] a ranar 2 ga watan Agusta 2025.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Usman |first=Shehu |date=2025-08-02 |title=Yobe: Gov Buni appoints ex-rep Ismaila Gadaka new Emir of Gudi |url=https://dailypost.ng/2025/08/02/yobe-gov-buni-appoints-ex-rep-ismaila-gadaka-new-emir-of-gudi/ |access-date=2025-08-03 |website=Daily Post Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Abubakar |first=Mohammed |date=2025-08-02 |title=Gadaka Appointed As New Mai Gudi Of Gudi Emirate |url=https://independent.ng/gadaka-appointed-as-new-mai-gudi-of-gudi-emirate/ |access-date=2025-08-03 |website=Independent Newspaper Nigeria |language=en-GB}}</ref>Fadar sarkin tana cikin [[Gadaka]], [[Yobe|Jihar Yobe]], [[Najeriya]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=President Tinubu Appoints Governing Councils of Federal Colleges of Education – The Statehouse, Abuja |url=https://statehouse.gov.ng/news/president-tinubu-appoints-governing-councils-of-federal-colleges-of-education/ |access-date=2025-08-03 |language=en-US |archive-date=2024-08-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240830085812/https://statehouse.gov.ng/news/president-tinubu-appoints-governing-councils-of-federal-colleges-of-education/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Sarkin (ko Mai a yaren gida) shine shugaban [[Gamanci|mutanen Ngamo]].<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Yobe: Ex-Rep Gadaka appointed as Emir of Gudi |url=https://dailytrust.com/yobe-ex-rep-gadaka-appointed-as-emir-of-gudi/ |access-date=2025-08-03 |website=Daily Trust |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Farkon aiki == Ismaila Gadaka ya fara aikinsa a ɓangaren banki kuma ''[[United Bank for Africa]]'' (UBA) ta yi masa aiki sannan ya haye zuwa ''Standard Trust Bank'' inda ya tashi ya zama Manajan Kasuwanci.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Yusuf |first=Yusuf A. |last2=Damaturu |date=2025-08-02 |title=Breaking: Yobe governor Buni appoints new emir of Gudi |url=https://blueprint.ng/breaking-yobe-governor-buni-appoints-new-emir-of-gudi/ |access-date=2025-08-03 |website=Blueprint Newspapers Limited |language=en-US}}</ref> Daga 2007 zuwa 2010, ya yi aiki a matsayin Kwamishinan Hon. a gwamnatin [[jihar Yobe]] . A cikin zaɓen 2011, ya yi aiki a matsayin memba na Majalisar Wakilai ta Tarayyar [[Najeriya]] wanda ke wakiltar mazaɓar [[Fika]] / [[Fune]] ta Tarayya a [[Jihar Yobe]] .<ref name=":3"/> Shi ne Shugaban Kwamitin Kula da ayyukan ƙaramar Hukumar daga 2024 zuwa yau. Shi ne kuma Shugaban Majalisar Gudanarwa, Kwalejin Ilimi ta Tarayya, Yawuri, [[jihar Kebbi]], daga 2024 zuwa yau.<ref>{{Cite web |title=President Tinubu Appoints Governing Councils of Federal Colleges of Education – The Statehouse, Abuja |url=https://statehouse.gov.ng/news/president-tinubu-appoints-governing-councils-of-federal-colleges-of-education/ |access-date=2025-08-03 |language=en-US |archive-date=2024-08-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240830085812/https://statehouse.gov.ng/news/president-tinubu-appoints-governing-councils-of-federal-colleges-of-education/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":1"/><ref name=":0"/> == Sarkin sarakuna == Kafin a naɗa shi sarkin, Ismaila Gadaka ya riƙe taken Yariman Gudi . Ya zama sarkin da ya maye gurbin Alhaji Isa Bunuwo Madugu Ibn Khaji a watan Agustan shekara ta 2025 bayan Gwamnan [[Yobe|Jihar Yobe]], [[Mai Mala Buni]], ya zaɓi sunansa daga jerin 'yan takara da sarakunan masarautar Gudi suka gabatar. == Tsofaffi == {| class="wikitable sortable" |+'''Majalisar Gudi ta Masarautar, Jihar Yobe - Emirs na baya da na yanzu''' !S/N !Sunayen !Daga !Zuwa !Shekaru |- |1 |Mai Gudi |1801 |1821 |20 |- |2 |Mai Gali |1821 |1842 |21 |- |3 |Mai Janga |1842 |1846 |4 |- |4 |Mai Malka I |1846 |1849 |3 |- |5 |Mai Malka na II |1849 |1853 |4 |- |6 |Mai Mado |1853 |1859 |6 |- |7 |Mai Galka |1859 |1862 |3 |- |8 |Mai Khahji |1862 |1866 |4 |- |9 |Mai Guze |1866 |1870 |4 |- |10 |Mai Loda |1870 |1871 |1 |- |11 |Mai Ambe |1871 |1881 |10 |- |12 |Mai Bebe Tunga |1881 |1886 |5 |- |13 |Mai Waya |1886 |1890 |4 |- |14 |Mai Somlo |1891 |1897 |6 |- |15 |Mai Doya |1897 |1899 |2 |- |16 |Mai Gado |1899 |1902 |3 |- |17 |Mai Bunuwo |1902 |1910 |8 |- |18 |Mai Yanka |1910 |1931 |21 |- |19 |Mai Isa Ibn Khaji Bunowo |1993 |2025 |32 |- |20 |Mai Isma'ila Ahmed Ibn Madugu Khaji |2025 |yanzu | - |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Musulman Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Jihar Yobe]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 2d7mztzc7zvnjito40io3j1ue1tfnwx 826447 826446 2026-04-26T07:13:59Z Lamba6334 25787 /* Sarkin sarakuna */ 826447 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Ismaila Ahmed Gadaka.jpg|thumb|Ismaila Ahmed Gadaka]] An naɗa Alhaji '''Ismaila''' '''Ahmed Dala Ibn Madugu Khaji II''' a matsayin Sarki na 20, ko kuma sarkin gargajiya, na [[Gudi Emirate|Masarautar Gudi]] a ranar 2 ga watan Agusta 2025.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Usman |first=Shehu |date=2025-08-02 |title=Yobe: Gov Buni appoints ex-rep Ismaila Gadaka new Emir of Gudi |url=https://dailypost.ng/2025/08/02/yobe-gov-buni-appoints-ex-rep-ismaila-gadaka-new-emir-of-gudi/ |access-date=2025-08-03 |website=Daily Post Nigeria |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Abubakar |first=Mohammed |date=2025-08-02 |title=Gadaka Appointed As New Mai Gudi Of Gudi Emirate |url=https://independent.ng/gadaka-appointed-as-new-mai-gudi-of-gudi-emirate/ |access-date=2025-08-03 |website=Independent Newspaper Nigeria |language=en-GB}}</ref>Fadar sarkin tana cikin [[Gadaka]], [[Yobe|Jihar Yobe]], [[Najeriya]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=President Tinubu Appoints Governing Councils of Federal Colleges of Education – The Statehouse, Abuja |url=https://statehouse.gov.ng/news/president-tinubu-appoints-governing-councils-of-federal-colleges-of-education/ |access-date=2025-08-03 |language=en-US |archive-date=2024-08-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240830085812/https://statehouse.gov.ng/news/president-tinubu-appoints-governing-councils-of-federal-colleges-of-education/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Sarkin (ko Mai a yaren gida) shine shugaban [[Gamanci|mutanen Ngamo]].<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Yobe: Ex-Rep Gadaka appointed as Emir of Gudi |url=https://dailytrust.com/yobe-ex-rep-gadaka-appointed-as-emir-of-gudi/ |access-date=2025-08-03 |website=Daily Trust |language=en-GB}}</ref> == Farkon aiki == Ismaila Gadaka ya fara aikinsa a ɓangaren banki kuma ''[[United Bank for Africa]]'' (UBA) ta yi masa aiki sannan ya haye zuwa ''Standard Trust Bank'' inda ya tashi ya zama Manajan Kasuwanci.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Yusuf |first=Yusuf A. |last2=Damaturu |date=2025-08-02 |title=Breaking: Yobe governor Buni appoints new emir of Gudi |url=https://blueprint.ng/breaking-yobe-governor-buni-appoints-new-emir-of-gudi/ |access-date=2025-08-03 |website=Blueprint Newspapers Limited |language=en-US}}</ref> Daga 2007 zuwa 2010, ya yi aiki a matsayin Kwamishinan Hon. a gwamnatin [[jihar Yobe]] . A cikin zaɓen 2011, ya yi aiki a matsayin memba na Majalisar Wakilai ta Tarayyar [[Najeriya]] wanda ke wakiltar mazaɓar [[Fika]] / [[Fune]] ta Tarayya a [[Jihar Yobe]] .<ref name=":3"/> Shi ne Shugaban Kwamitin Kula da ayyukan ƙaramar Hukumar daga 2024 zuwa yau. Shi ne kuma Shugaban Majalisar Gudanarwa, Kwalejin Ilimi ta Tarayya, Yawuri, [[jihar Kebbi]], daga 2024 zuwa yau.<ref>{{Cite web |title=President Tinubu Appoints Governing Councils of Federal Colleges of Education – The Statehouse, Abuja |url=https://statehouse.gov.ng/news/president-tinubu-appoints-governing-councils-of-federal-colleges-of-education/ |access-date=2025-08-03 |language=en-US |archive-date=2024-08-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240830085812/https://statehouse.gov.ng/news/president-tinubu-appoints-governing-councils-of-federal-colleges-of-education/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":1"/><ref name=":0"/> == Sarkin sarakuna == Kafin a naɗa shi sarkin, Ismaila Gadaka ya riƙe taken Yariman Gudi . Ya zama sarkin da ya maye gurbin Alhaji Isa Bunuwo Madugu Ibn Khaji a watan Agustan shekara ta 2025 bayan Gwamnan [[Yobe|Jihar Yobe]], [[Mai Mala Buni]], ya zaɓi sunansa daga jerin ƴan takara da sarakunan masarautar Gudi suka gabatar. == Tsofaffi == {| class="wikitable sortable" |+'''Majalisar Gudi ta Masarautar, Jihar Yobe - Emirs na baya da na yanzu''' !S/N !Sunayen !Daga !Zuwa !Shekaru |- |1 |Mai Gudi |1801 |1821 |20 |- |2 |Mai Gali |1821 |1842 |21 |- |3 |Mai Janga |1842 |1846 |4 |- |4 |Mai Malka I |1846 |1849 |3 |- |5 |Mai Malka na II |1849 |1853 |4 |- |6 |Mai Mado |1853 |1859 |6 |- |7 |Mai Galka |1859 |1862 |3 |- |8 |Mai Khahji |1862 |1866 |4 |- |9 |Mai Guze |1866 |1870 |4 |- |10 |Mai Loda |1870 |1871 |1 |- |11 |Mai Ambe |1871 |1881 |10 |- |12 |Mai Bebe Tunga |1881 |1886 |5 |- |13 |Mai Waya |1886 |1890 |4 |- |14 |Mai Somlo |1891 |1897 |6 |- |15 |Mai Doya |1897 |1899 |2 |- |16 |Mai Gado |1899 |1902 |3 |- |17 |Mai Bunuwo |1902 |1910 |8 |- |18 |Mai Yanka |1910 |1931 |21 |- |19 |Mai Isa Ibn Khaji Bunowo |1993 |2025 |32 |- |20 |Mai Isma'ila Ahmed Ibn Madugu Khaji |2025 |yanzu | - |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Musulman Najeriya]] [[Rukuni:Jihar Yobe]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] hozwptc88yb6myd63pl6piusstagvsu 0 128043 826337 789280 2026-04-25T20:30:58Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826337 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''David Maxim Triesman, Baron Triesman''' (an haife shi a ranar 30 ga Oktoba 1943 - 30 ga Janairu 2026) ɗan siyasa ne ɗan ƙasar Birtaniya, ma'aikacin banki kuma tsohon shugaban ƙungiyar ƙwadago. Triesman ɗan jam'iyyar Labour ne a Majalisar Dattawa . Triesman ya taɓa zama abokin hulɗar Labour har sai da ya yi murabus daga muƙamin a watan Yulin 2019, <ref name="bbcnews-20190709">{{Cite web |date=9 July 2019 |title=Labour's Lord Triesman resigns whip over 'anti-Semitism' |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-48923671 |access-date=9 July 2019 |publisher=BBC News}}</ref> sannan ya taɓa zama minista a Ma'aikatar Kirkire-kirkire, Jami'o'i da Ƙwarewa da Ofishin Waje da Commonwealth . Ya zauna ba tare da wata alaƙa da Majalisar Dattawa ba har zuwa 2020 lokacin da ya koma Jam'iyyar Labour . Ya kasance shugaban Ƙungiyar Ƙwallon Ƙafa daga 2008 zuwa 2010. == Bayani == QAn haifi Triesman (wanda aka sanya wa suna Maxim bayan Maxim Gorky, marubucin Rasha, wanda mahaifiyarsa ta yaba) a cikin al'ummar Yahudawan Arewacin Landan . Shi ɗan Michael Triesman ne, manajan talla kuma mai duba jiragen sama na lokacin yaƙi ɗan asalin Belarus da Latvia, da kuma Rita Triesman ( ''née'' Lubran) ɗan asalin Faransa. Iyayensa 'yan Kwaminisanci ne masu himma. <ref name="jc-20100521" /> Triesman ya yi karatu a Makarantar Kamfanin Stationers da ke Landan, kafin ya tafi Jami'ar Essex sannan daga baya ya tafi Kwalejin King's da ke Cambridge . <ref name="essex-2010">{{Cite web |year=2010 |title=Oration for Honorary Graduand Lord David Triesman |url=https://www1.essex.ac.uk/honorary_graduates/documents/HG2010/lordtriesman2010oration.pdf |access-date=7 April 2018 |publisher=University of Essex}}</ref> A Jami'ar Essex, Triesman da wasu gungun ɗalibansa sun kwace iko inda suka ayyana ta a matsayin 'jami'a kyauta'. <ref>{{cite news |last=Eason |first=Kevin |date=16 May 2010 |title=Lord Triesman was out of touch and always doomed to fail |url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/sport/football/article7127983.ece |work=[[The Times]] |location=London}}{{Dead link}}</ref> Daga baya aka dakatar da shi daga Essex a shekarar 1968 bayan ya katse wani taro da wani masanin kimiyyar tsaro ya yi jawabi amma ya sake shiga jami'a bayan makonni biyu. <ref name="essex-20102">{{Cite web |year=2010 |title=Oration for Honorary Graduand Lord David Triesman |url=https://www1.essex.ac.uk/honorary_graduates/documents/HG2010/lordtriesman2010oration.pdf |access-date=7 April 2018 |publisher=University of Essex}}</ref> Babban memba ne na cibiyar sadarwa a Cibiyar Jagorancin Turai (ELN). <ref>{{cite news |last=Eason |first=Kevin |date=16 May 2010 |title=Lord Triesman was out of touch and always doomed to fail |url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/sport/football/article7127983.ece |work=[[The Times]] |location=London}}{{Dead link}}</ref> == Aikin kasuwanci == Triesman ya shiga harkokin kasuwanci a fannin gidaje, banki, wallafe-wallafe da kuma zane-zane. Shi ne shugaba kuma mai hannun jari na Triesman Associates, wani kamfanin saka hannun jari a harkokin hannun jari masu zaman kansu da harkokin kuɗi. Shi babban mai ba da shawara ne ga kamfanin saka hannun jari na Salamanca Grouphas kuma ya kasance memba na kwamitin zartarwa na Salamanca Group da rassanta. <ref name="hol-interests">{{Cite web |title=Register of Interests - Lord Triesman |url=https://members.parliament.uk/member/3651/registeredinterests |access-date=9 November 2025 |website=House of Lords |publisher=UK Parliament}}</ref> <ref name="salamanca-triesman">{{Cite web |title=About Lord David Triesman |url=https://salamanca-group.com/team/lord-david-triesman/ |access-date=9 November 2025 |website=Salamanca Group }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Shi ne shugaban Wildfox Resorts, wanda ke haɓaka wurin shakatawa a Afan Valley . <ref name="wildfox-about">{{Cite web |title=About |url=https://www.wildfoxresorts.com/about |access-date=9 November 2025 |website=Wildfox Resorts Group}}</ref> Ya yi aiki a kwamitin gudanarwa da kuma kwamitin ba da shawara na kamfanoni da dama, ciki har da shugaban kwamitin ba da shawara na UBS, Victoria Management. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2018)">an buƙata ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> da Bankin Templewood Merchant da wasu rassansa. <ref name="salamanca-triesman"/> Ya kasance darakta a Bankin Havin (Bankin Havana International), <ref name="salamanca-triesman" /> One Ocean Enterprises, Funding Affordable Homes (da Ƙungiyar Gidaje). == Siyasa da aikin ƙungiyar kwadago == A shekarar 1959, yana da shekaru 16, Triesman ya zama memba na Jam'iyyar Labour amma bayan shekaru 11 ya yi murabus ya shiga Jam'iyyar Kwaminis inda ya zauna na tsawon shekaru shida, daga nan ya koma Jam'iyyar Labour. Tsohon Maoist ne. Tsawon shekaru da dama, ya kasance malami kuma darektan bincike a South Bank Polytechnic (wanda yanzu shine Jami'ar London South Bank ) kuma ya riƙe mukamai a ƙungiyar malaman, NATFHE . Triesman ya zama cikakken jami'in ƙungiyar NATFHE a shekarar 1984, tare da mukamin Sakataren Tattaunawa na Ƙasa. Ya kuma kasance Sakataren Janar na Ƙungiyar Malaman Jami'o'i daga 1993 zuwa 2001. Daga nan aka naɗa shi a matsayin Babban Sakataren Jam'iyyar Labour daga 2001 zuwa Disamba 2003, inda babban ɓangare na aikinsa shine ci gaba da goyon bayan ƙungiyoyin ƙwadago waɗanda suka gaji da gwamnatin Tony Blair . == Sharhi game da zarge-zargen cin hanci da rashawa na FIFA == A ranar 16 ga Mayu 2010, ''jaridar Mail on Sunday'' ta bayyana cewa Lord Triesman ya yi tsokaci game da zargin yunkurin cin hanci da Spain da Rasha suka yi wa alkalan wasa a gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 2010. Triesman ya yi ikirarin cewa, "akwai wasu shaidu da ke nuna cewa hukumomin kwallon kafa na Spain suna kokarin gano alkalan wasa ... da kuma biyan su." An sanar da cewa zai 'daina' tayin FA da Ingila na 2018. A ranar 10 ga Mayu 2011, Triesman, wanda ke magana a gaban kwamitin zababbun 'yan majalisar dokokin Birtaniya, ya tabbatar da zarginsa na cin hanci da rashawa game da mambobin [[FIFA]] guda hudu, yana mai cewa sun nemi cin hanci da rashawa don goyon bayan gazawar Ingila [[Kofin kwallon kafar duniya ta 2018|a gasar cin kofin duniya ta 2018.]] Duk da cewa Kwamitin Zartarwa na FIFA ya yi watsi da zarge-zargen, duk jami'an FIFA da aka ambata daga baya an same su da laifuka, ko kuma a mika su ga Amurka don shari'a. An dakatar da su tare da sauran shugabannin FIFA na tsawon lokaci daban-daban daga duk wata hulda da kwallon kafa. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2018)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Triesman ya shafe shekaru da yawa yana da alaƙa da marubuciya kuma mai suka Michelene Wandor har sai da suka rabu a ƙarshen shekarun 1990. Ya auri Lucy Hooberman a shekara ta 2004 kuma yana da ɗa da aka ɗauka. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1943]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] sxgxsgxoa1m6jmnt4t687wf4b2n9sq2 0 129501 826409 790598 2026-04-26T05:16:36Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826409 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Dorothy Middleton''' (9 ga Nuwamba 1909 &#x2013; 3 ga Fabrairu 1999) marubuciya ce kuma mai ilimin ƙasa wadda ta riƙe mukamai da dama a Royal Geographical Society . Aikinta da ta fi shahara shi ne ''Victorian Lady Travellers'' (1965). <ref> name="journal"> {{Cite journal |last=Mead |first=W.R. |date=July 1999 |title=Obituaries: Dorothy Middleton 1909-1999 |journal=[[The Geographical Journal]] |volume=169 |pages=246&ndash;247 |jstor=3060435}} </ref> <ref>name="magazine"> {{Cite journal |last=Hanbury-Tenison |first=Robin |author-link=Robin Hanbury-Tenison |date=May 1999 |title=Obituary: Dorothy Middleton |url=https://www.questia.com/magazine/1G1-54913159/obituary-dorothy-middleton |journal=[[Geographical (magazine)|Geographical]] |volume=71 |pages=246&ndash;247 |url-access=subscription |access-date=5 March 2020 }}{{Dead link|date=February 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Dorothy Butler a ranar 9 ga Nuwamba, 1909 ga Sir Montagu Sherard Dawes Butler da Anne Gertrude Smith, a [[Lahore]], Birtaniya Indiya, inda mahaifinta ya kasance Mataimakin Kwamishina. Daga baya iyalan suka koma Cambridge, lokacin da mahaifinta mai ritaya ya zama babban digiri a Kwalejin Pembroke . A ranar 30 ga Afrilu, 1938, ta auri Laurence Henry Neave Middleton, lauya, kuma Middletons suka zauna a Chelsea, London . <ref name="indy" /> A shekarun 1950, John Murray ya gabatar da Middleton ga wasu wasiƙu da Isabella Bird ta rubuta. Daga wannan ne, sha'awar Middleton ga mata matafiya ta ƙaru, wanda ya haifar da littafin Victorian Lady Travellers (1965) tare da gudummawar da ya bayar ga Dictionary of National Biography da laccoci a Birtaniya. Ta buga Lugard in Africa tare da AA Thomson (1959), kuma ta gyara wani sabon bugun littafin The Art of Travel na Francis Galton (1971). Middleton ta riƙe mukamai da dama a Royal Geographical Society, a lokacin da wannan har yanzu maza ne ke kula da ita. Ta kasance mataimakiyar edita a Jaridar The Geographical tsawon shekaru ashirin, ta zama Babban Jami'in Gudanarwa a 1971 da kuma Mataimakin Shugaba na Girmamawa a 1987. <ref name="indy" /> Dorothy Middleton ta mutu a ranar 3 ga Fabrairu, 1999 a Chelsea. <ref> name="journal"> {{Cite journal |last=Mead |first=W.R. |date=July 1999 |title=Obituaries: Dorothy Middleton 1909-1999 |journal=[[The Geographical Journal]] |volume=169 |pages=246&ndash;247 |jstor=3060435}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="">Mead, W.R. (July 1999). "Obituaries: Dorothy Middleton 1909-1999". ''[[The Geographical Journal]]''. '''169''' (2): <span class="nowrap">246–</span>247. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]]&nbsp;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/3060435 3060435].</cite> </ref> <ref>name="magazine"> {{Cite journal |last=Hanbury-Tenison |first=Robin |author-link=Robin Hanbury-Tenison |date=May 1999 |title=Obituary: Dorothy Middleton |url=https://www.questia.com/magazine/1G1-54913159/obituary-dorothy-middleton |journal=[[Geographical (magazine)|Geographical]] |volume=71 |pages=246&ndash;247 |url-access=subscription |access-date=5 March 2020 }}{{Dead link|date=February 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFHanbury-Tenison1999">[[Robin Hanbury-Tenison|Hanbury-Tenison, Robin]] (May 1999). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required">[https://www.questia.com/magazine/1G1-54913159/obituary-dorothy-middleton "Obituary: Dorothy Middleton"]{{Dead link|date=February 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</span>. ''[[Geographical (magazine)|Geographical]]''. '''71''' (5): <span class="nowrap">246–</span>247<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 March</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> == Ayyuka == * ''Bonnie Prince Charlie'' (1948). ta yi rubutu tare da Clemence Dane, London: Convoy Publications. - Charles Edward Stuart * <ref>{{Cite web |title=Baker of the Nile |url=https://rgs.koha-ptfs.co.uk/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=85020 |access-date=5 March 2020 |website=[[Royal Geographical Society]]}}</ref> - [[Samuel Baker]] * <ref>{{Cite web |title=Lugard in Africa |url=http://search.bl.uk/BLBNB:LSCOP-BNB:BLL01010926576 |access-date=5 March 2020 |website=[[British Library]] }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> - [[Frederick Lugard]] * - [[Isabella Bird]], [[Marianne North]], [[Fanny Workman]], [[May French Sheldon]], [[Annie Royle Taylor|Annie Taylor]], [[Kate Marsden]] da [[Mary Kingsley]] * ''Littafin Diary na AJ Mounteney Jephson'' (1969). editan, Cambridge University Press. - Arthur Jephson * == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1999]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1909]] mluqaln95toag75xmqcqjwc2m2i6owa 0 132033 826384 790538 2026-04-26T01:42:41Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826384 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Databox}} The '''Order of Lakandula''' (Filipino) yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan kwamandojin farar hula na [[Filipin|Philippines]], wanda aka kafa a ranar 19 ga Satumba, 2003. Ana ba da kyautar ne saboda cancantar siyasa da ta jama'a da kuma tunawa da sadaukarwar [[Lakandula]] ga nauyin shugabanci, hankali, ƙarfin hali, jarumtaka da jajircewa wajen yi wa jama'a hidima. == Sharuɗɗa == Tushen gudanarwa na umarnin shine Dokar [[Honour|Girmamawa]] ta Philippines (Dokar Zartarwa Mai Lamba 236 da Shugaba [[Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo]] ta bayar a ranar 19 ga Satumba, 2003). A cikin Sashe na 5, II na Dokar [[Honour|Girmamawa]], an tanadar da waɗannan a matsayin sharuɗɗan da za a bi don bayar da [[Order (distinction)|Umarnin]] Lakandula: <blockquote><poem> The Order of Lakandula is conferred upon a Filipino or foreign citizen: a. who has demonstrated by his life and deeds a dedication to the welfare of society; b. whose life is worthy of emulation by the Filipino people; c. for deeds worthy of particular recognition, including suffering materially for the preservation and defense of the democratic way of life and of the territorial integrity of the Republic of the Philippines, for devoting his life to the peaceful resolution of conflict, or for demonstrating an outstanding dedication to the fostering of mutual understanding, cultural exchange, justice and dignified relations among individuals; or d. for acts that have been traditionally recognized by the institution of presidential awards, including meritorious political and civic service. </poem></blockquote> == Matsayi == {| class="wikitable" style="margin:auto; width:60%; text-align:center;" |+Order of Lakandula Ribbon Bars |- style="vertical-align:top; font-size:85%;" | style="width:16.66%;" |[[Fayil:PHI_Order_of_Lakandula_Member_BAR.svg|frameless|100x100px]]<br /><br /><br /><br /> Memba | style="width:16.66%;" |[[Fayil:PHI_Order_of_Lakandula_Officer_BAR.svg|frameless|100x100px]]<br /><br /><br /><br /> Jami'i | style="width:16.66%;" |[[Fayil:PHI_Order_of_Lakandula_Commander_BAR.svg|frameless|100x100px]]<br /><br /><br /><br /> Kwamanda | style="width:16.66%;" |[[Fayil:PHI_Order_of_Lakandula_Grand_Officer_BAR.svg|frameless|100x100px]]<br /><br /><br /><br /> Babban Jami'i | style="width:16.66%;" |[[Fayil:PHI_Order_of_Lakandula_Grand_Cross_BAR.svg|frameless|100x100px]]<br /><br /><br /><br /> Babban Giciye | style="width:16.66%;" |[[Fayil:PHI_Order_of_Lakandula_Grand_Collar_BAR.svg|frameless|100x100px]]<br /><br /><br /><br /> Babban abin wuya |} === Babban abin wuya ( {{Lang|fil|Supremo}} ) === An ba da shi ga mutumin da ya sha wahala ta hanyar kuɗi don kiyayewa da kare tsarin rayuwa na dimokuradiyya, ko kuma haƙƙin yankin Jamhuriyar Philippines, ko kuma ga tsohon [[Shugaban kasa|shugaban ƙasa]] ko mai ci ko kuma wanda ke kan mulki. <ref name="gazette">{{Cite web |title=Order of Lakandula |url=https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/the-order-of-lakandula/ |access-date=November 9, 2012 |website=Official Gazette |publisher=Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office}}</ref> === Babban Cross ( {{Lang|fil|Bayani}} ) === Ana ba da shi ga mutumin da ya sadaukar da rayuwarsa ga warware rikici cikin lumana; ga mutumin da rayuwarsa ta cancanci a yi koyi da shi daga mutanen Filipino; ko kuma ga Yarima Mai Jiran Gado, Mataimakin Shugaban Kasa, Shugaban Majalisar Dattawa, Kakakin Majalisar Wakilai, Babban Alkali ko makamancin haka, ministan harkokin waje ko wani jami'in majalisar ministoci, Jakadan, Mataimakin Sakatare, Mataimakin Sakatare, ko wani mutum mai matsayi makamancin haka da aka ambata a baya. <ref name="gazette"/> === Babban Jami'in ( {{Lang|fil|Marangal na Pinuno}} ) === Ana ba da shi ga mutumin da ya nuna sadaukarwa ta tsawon rai ga siyasa da jin daɗin al'umma; ko kuma ga wani Jami'in Hulɗa, Minista, Mai Ba da Shawara na Minista, Babban Jami'in Hulɗa da Jama'a wanda ke jagorantar mukamin jakadanci, Darakta na Babban Jami'i, ko wani mutum mai matsayi makamancin haka da aka ambata a baya. <ref name="gazette"/> === Kwamanda ( {{Lang|fil|Komandante}} ) === Ana ba da shi ga mutumin da ya nuna ayyukan da suka yi fice na sadaukarwa ga siyasa da jin daɗin al'umma gaba ɗaya; ko kuma ga Babban Jami'in Hulɗa, Mai Ba da Shawara, Sakatare na Farko, Babban Jami'in Hulɗa a ɓangaren ofishin jakadanci na Ofishin Jakadanci, Jami'in Hulɗa da ke da matsayi na musamman fiye da Sakataren Na Biyu, Darakta, ko wani mutum mai matsayi makamancin haka da aka ambata a baya. <ref name="gazette"/> === Jami'i ( {{Lang|fil|Pinuno}} ) === Ana ba da shi ga mutumin da ya nuna kyawawan ayyukan sadaukarwa ga siyasa da jin daɗin al'umma gaba ɗaya; ko kuma ga Sakatare na Biyu, Consul, Mataimakin Darakta, ko wani mutum mai matsayi makamancin haka da aka ambata a baya. <ref name="gazette"/> === Memba ( {{Lang|fil|Kagawad}} ) === Ana ba da shi ga mutumin da ya nuna ayyukan alheri na sadaukarwa ga siyasa da jin daɗin al'umma gaba ɗaya; ko kuma ga Sakatare na Uku, Mataimakin Jakadan Ƙasa, Mai Taimako, Babban Mataimaki, ko wani mutum mai matsayi makamancin haka da aka ambata a baya. <ref name="gazette"/> === Zakaran Rayuwa ( {{Lang|fil|Kampeon Habang Buhay}} ) === Matsayin da aka ƙirƙiro kwanan nan a cikin wannan tsari, Shugaba Gloria M. Arroyo ce ta kafa shi a shekarar 2006. Duk da cewa an fara sanya wannan matsayi ne bayan matsayin {{Lang|fil|Pinuno}}, daga baya aka mayar da shi zuwa matakin Order of National Artists . Ana ba da kyautar ne saboda gagarumin nasara a wasanni ko abubuwan da suka faru na kyau na duniya da kuma irin waɗannan fannoni na gasa da nasara. Waɗannan nasarorin ya kamata su ƙarfafa alfaharin ƙasa kuma su zama abin ƙarfafawa ga wasu don cimma nasara. Wadanda suka fara cin nasara sune ɗan dambe Manny Pacquiao, sarauniyar kyau Precious Lara Quigaman, [[Efren Reyes|Efren "Bata" Reyes,]] fitaccen ɗan wasa na duniya wanda ya kawo sauyi a harkar wasan ninkaya, Paeng Nepomuceno a 2007 saboda [[Guinness World Records|rikodin Guinness World Records]] guda uku da ba a karya ba a 2007, 'yan wasan Philippines waɗanda suka lashe lambobin zinare a Wasannin Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya na 2005, da kuma 'yan wasan Philippines waɗanda suka kai kololuwar [[Tsaunin Everest|Dutsen Everest]] a 2006. <ref name="eo540">{{Cite web |title=Executive Order No. 540, s. 2006 |url=https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2006/06/13/executive-order-no-540-s-2006/ |access-date=November 9, 2012 |website=Official Gazette |publisher=Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office}}</ref> == Sanannun masu karɓa == [[Fayil:Order_of_Lakandula.jpeg|right|thumb|300x300px|Alamar da ke kan ribon wuya, tauraro da ƙaramin ƙaramin ribon da aka rataye daga ƙirjin Babban Jami'in Umarnin Lakandula.]] * Jaime Sin: Grand Cross (''Bayani''), December 8, 2003<ref name="gazette"/> * José W. Diokno: Grand Collar (''Supremo''), 2004 (posthumous) * James B. Reuter: Grand Cross (''Bayani''), 2006 * Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo: Grand Collar (''Supremo''), May 19, 2006<ref name="gazette" /> * Manuel V. Pangilinan: Commander (''Kumandante''), May 24, 2006; Grand Cross (''Bayani''), June 5, 2010<ref name="gazette" /> * Edgardo Pamintuan Sr.: Grand Cross (''Bayani''), April 22, 2010 * George Ty: Grand Cross (''Bayani''), June 5, 2010<ref name="gazette" /> * [[Al-Muhtadee Billah]]: Grand Cross (''Bayani''), November 9, 2006<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sultanate - News {{!}} Negara Brunei Darussalam {{!}} Crown Prince awarded 'Order of Lakandula' |url=http://sultanate.com/news_server/2006/10_nov_2.html |access-date=2023-03-04 |website=sultanate.com}}</ref> * [[Khalifa bin Salman Al Khalifa]]: Grand Collar (''Supremo''), January 4, 2007<ref name="gazette" /> * Domingo Lucenario Jr.: Grand Officer (''Marangal na Pinuno''), August 14, 2007<ref name="gazette" /> * Armin A. Luistro: Grand Cross (''Bayani''), June 23, 2016<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-03-18 |title=PROFILE: Bro. Armin Altamirano Luistro FSC - Speaker for the 1st Xavier Ateneo Senior High School Commencement Exercises |url=https://www.xu.edu.ph/xavier-news/63-2017-2018/3282-profile-br-armin-altamirano-luistro-fsc-speaker-for-the-1st-xushs-commencement-exercises}}</ref> * Lea Salonga: Commander (''Kumandante''), August 14, 2007<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tony Award Winner Lea Salonga brings 'Inspired' Tour to Aratani Japan Theatre 5/30 |url=http://broadwayworld.com/article/Tony_Award_Winner_LEA_SALONGA_brings_INSPIRED_Tour_to_Aratani_Japan_Theatre_5_20090530 |access-date=September 11, 2012}}</ref> * Rey Leonardo Guerrero: Commander (''Kumandante''), August 14, 2007<ref name="gazette" /> * Juan Carlos I of Spain: Grand Collar (''Supremo''), December 3, 2007 * [[Felipe na shida|Felipe VI of Spain]]: Grand Cross (''Bayani''), December 3, 2007<ref name="GIPh" /> * [[Hassanal Bolkiah]]: Grand Collar (''Supremo''), January 30, 2009 * Efren Peñaflorida: Commander (''Kumandante''), November 27, 2009<ref>{{Cite web |date=November 27, 2009 |title=Arroyo confers Order of Lakandula on CNN Hero of the Year |url=http://globalnation.inquirer.net/news/breakingnews/view/20091127-238722/Arroyo-confers-Order-of-Lakandula-on-CNN-Hero-of-the-Year |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091128113954/http://globalnation.inquirer.net/news/breakingnews/view/20091127-238722/Arroyo-confers-Order-of-Lakandula-on-CNN-Hero-of-the-Year |archive-date=November 28, 2009 |access-date=November 27, 2009 |website=Inquirer.net |publisher=[[Philippine Daily Inquirer]]}}</ref> * Shoichiro Toyoda: Grand Collar (''Supremo''), April 2010<ref>{{Cite web |title=TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION GLOBAL WEBSITE {{!}} 75 Years of TOYOTA {{!}} Executives {{!}} Past Chairmen, Vice Chairmen, and Presidents (including National Honors and Decorations) |url=http://www.toyota-global.com/company/history_of_toyota/75years/data/company_information/management_and_finances/management/executives/past.html |access-date=2023-02-15 |website=www.toyota-global.com}}</ref> * Reynato Puno: Grand Cross (''Bayani''), June 12, 2010<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sy |first=Marvin |title=Puno, others cited for role in succesful &#91;sic&#93; automated polls |url=https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2010/06/13/583536/puno-others-cited-role-succesful-automated-polls |access-date=2024-08-08 |website=Philstar.com}}</ref> * Washington SyCip: Grand Cross (''Bayani''), 2011 * [[Hillary Clinton|Hillary Rodham Clinton]]: Grand Cross (''Bayani''), November 16, 2011 * Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah: Grand Collar (''Supremo''), March 23, 2012<ref name="gazette" /> * Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani: Grand Collar (''Supremo''), April 10, 2012<ref name="gazette" /> * Richard Lugar: Grand Collar (''Supremo''), June 7, 2012 * [[Akihito]], Emperor of Japan: Grand Collar (''Supremo''), June 3, 2015 * Galo Ocampo: Grand Officer (''Marangal na Pinuno''), July 22, 2015 (posthumous) * Alfredo Benjamin Caguioa: Grand Cross (''Bayani''), June 27, 2016<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 27, 2016 |title=June 27, 2016 – Photos: President Benigno S. Aquino III confers the Order of Lakandula with a rank of Grand Cross (Bayani) on Supreme Court Associate Justice former Justice Secretary Alfredo Benjamin Caguioa |url=https://pcoo.gov.ph/photo02-062716/ |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=pcoo.gov.ph |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218142022/https://pcoo.gov.ph/photo02-062716/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Adam Malik: Grand Collar (''Supremo''), August 8, 2017 (posthumous) * [[Abdul Razak Hussein|Abdul Razak]]: Grand Collar (''Supremo''), August 8, 2017 (posthumous) * S. Rajaratnam: Grand Collar (''Supremo''), August 8, 2017 (posthumous) * Thanat Khoman: Grand Collar (''Supremo''), August 8, 2017 (posthumous) * Narciso Ramos: Grand Collar (''Supremo''), August 8, 2017 (posthumous) * Enrique Manalo: Grand Cross (''Bayani''), June 18, 2018<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 18, 2018 |title=President Duterte confers Presidential Awards on outstanding DFA officials |url=https://ops.gov.ph/news_releases/president-duterte-confers-presidential-awards-on-outstanding-dfa-officials/ |website=ops.gov.ph |access-date=January 6, 2026 |archive-date=August 28, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220828163250/https://ops.gov.ph/news_releases/president-duterte-confers-presidential-awards-on-outstanding-dfa-officials/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Henry Lim Bon Liong: Grand Officer (''Marangal na Pinuno''), August 6, 2019<ref>{{Cite web |date=August 6, 2019 |title=President Rodrigo Roa Duterte confers the Order of Lakandula on Federation of Filipino-Chinese Chambers of Commerce and Industry Inc. President Dr. Henry Lim Bon Liong during a ceremony at the Malacañan Palace on August 6, 2019 |url=https://mirror.pco.gov.ph/photo_gallery/president-rodrigo-roa-duterte-confers-the-order-of-lakandula-on-federation-of-filipino-chinese-chambers-of-commerce-and-industry-inc-president-dr-henry-lim-bon-liong-during-a-ceremony-at-the-malacan/ |access-date=August 8, 2024 |website=[[Presidential Communications Operations Office]] }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> * Bong Go: Grand Cross (''Bayani''), June 16, 2022 * Arthur Tugade: Grand Cross (''Bayani''), June 16, 2022<ref name=":0" /> * Vince Dizon: Grand Cross (''Bayani''), June 16, 2022<ref name=":0" /> == Manazarta == 3twt1key1qngk156r9inxzpyqp5m2v5 0 132220 826602 789971 2026-04-26T08:48:28Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826602 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Edwin Ernest James''' (14 ga Fabrairu 1874 - 16 ga Satumba 1937) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Eddy James - Player Bio |url=http://australianfootball.com/players/player/Eddy%2BJames/992 |access-date=27 December 2014 |publisher=Australian Football }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Australiya wanda ya buga wa Geelong wasa a shekarun da suka gabata da kuma bayan kafa VFL. == Kwallon kafa == James ya fara aikinsa a matsayin ɗan wasan baya, yana buga wasa yana da shekaru 15 bayan da Geelong ya gaza yin wasa da 'yan wasa. Ya koma layin gaba a dawowarsa a 1892, kuma a 1895 ya kammala da kwallaye 24 don zama na uku a bugun ƙwallo na VFA. A kakar wasa ta farko ta VFL a shekarar 1897, ya zura kwallaye 22 a kakar wasa ta gida da ta waje don raba kyautar mai tsaron gida tare da Jack Leith ; amma ba zato ba tsammani, wannan ita ce mafi ƙarancin adadin kwallaye da aka taɓa samu a wannan kyautar, kuma wataƙila zai riƙe wannan tarihin a har abada saboda yanayin yawan kwallayen da ake samu a wasan na zamani. Jimillar kwallayen da ya ci a ƙarshen shekara (ciki har da na ƙarshe) shi ma ya fi yawa a gasar a wannan shekarar. Ya zura kwallaye bakwai mafi yawa a tarihin rayuwarsa a wasan da ya yi da St Kilda a shekarar 1898.[1] Ya sake zama kan gaba a bugun ƙwallo na VFL a shekarar 1899 da kwallaye 31, kuma an ba shi kyautar zaɓen Victoria a wasan da suka yi da South Australia a yankin tsakiyar jihohi. James kuma yana da babban matsayi na kafa tarihin da ba a taɓa yin irinsa ba na yawan zura ƙwallo a raga da ɗan wasa ya zura a wasa a wannan kakar, inda ya ci kwallaye 5 a raga da kuma kwallaye 16 a raga a wasan da suka yi da St Kilda. Raunin gwiwa ya kawo karshen aikinsa da wuri a shekarar 1900. === Ƙungiyar "zakarun" ta 1899 === A ƙarshen kakar wasa ta 1899, yayin da yake sanya wa kansa suna "ɗan wasan zakarun", wakilin ƙwallon ƙafa na ''The Argus'', Reginald Wilmot ("Old Boy"), ya zaɓi ƙungiyar mafi kyawun 'yan wasa na gasar VFL ta 1899: == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} ==Hanyoyin Haɗi na Waje== * [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article197540599 'Mai Bibiya', "Haruffan 'Yan Wasan Kwallo", ''Jagoran'', (Asabar, 23 ga Yuli 1898), shafi na 17.] * [[Category:Mutuwan 1937]] dl3uwg3lyf46sla0cj150ad7yo6fvqu 0 135008 826247 790235 2026-04-25T13:48:00Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826247 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Constance Frye Martinson''' (11 ga Afrilu, 1932 - 9 ga Maris, 2023) marubuciya ce 'yar Amurka kuma jarumar talabijin. Tun daga farkon fitowarta ta 1979, ta dauki nauyin shirin talabijin na ''Connie Martinson Talks Books'', wanda aka watsa a talabijin na jama'a. <ref>"Constance Frye Martinson." Marquis Who's Who TM. Marquis Who's Who, 2008. Reproduced in Biography Resource Center. Farmington Hills, Mich.: Gale, 2008. http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/BioRC {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090412033825/http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/BioRC |date=2009-04-12 }}</ref> Ta kasance memba na National Book Critics Circle da PEN (Print & Electronic Network), ta rubuta wani shafi na jaridar mako-mako ta ''Beverly Hills Courier'' . == Ilimi == Constance Frye ta kammala karatunta a shekarar 1953 daga Kwalejin Wellesley da ke Massachusetts da digirin farko na fasaha kuma an ba ta kyautar Davenport Prize saboda jawabi da adabi. == Sana'a == Martinson ta yi aiki a matsayin edita a mujallar ''Writer'' da ke Boston kafin ta koma Los Angeles tare da mijinta, daraktan fina-finai da talabijin Leslie Martinson . Kafin ta mayar da sha'awarta ga adabi zuwa wani shirin talabijin na rabin sa'a mai cike da kuɗi, ta shiga cikin hulɗa da jama'a na Gidauniyar Coro kuma ta koyar a Jami'ar California, Los Angeles da Jami'ar Yahudanci . Tarin Littattafan Connie Martinson Talks, wanda yanzu aka ba wa Jami'ar Graduate ta Claremont, ya ƙunshi kusan hirarraki 3,000 na talabijin (LA CityView Channel 35, TV na talabijin na gwamnati da PBS a [[New York (birni)|birnin New York]] ) tare da marubutan almara da labaran da ba na almara ba waɗanda aka naɗe a cikin shekaru 30 da suka gabata. A cikin tarin akwai hirarraki da [[Maya Angelou]], Ray Bradbury, Al Gore, [[Rosa Parks]], [[Gore Vidal]], [[Yankin da ake kira Terkel|Studs Terkel]], da [[Joyce Carol Oates]] . Ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun hirarrakinta ya faru ne a shekarar 1995 lokacin da ta yi hira da wani marubuci wanda ba a san shi sosai ba kuma shugaban Amurka na gaba mai suna [[Barack Obama]] game da littafinsa na farko, ''Dreams From My Father'' . <ref>[http://www.todaysplanet.com/pg/beta/bhcourier1/staff.htm List, ''Beverly Hills Courier'' staff]{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Tattaunawa da ƙungiyar marubuta daban-daban masu siyarwa sun haɗa da Matthew Pearl, Cathy Scott, Stanley Wolpert, Ved Mehta, Rod McKuen, Roger Cohen, da Vincent Bugliosi . == Rayuwar mutum da mutuwa == Connie Martinson ta auri daraktan fina-finai na Amurka Leslie H. Martinson . Suna zaune a Beverly Hills, California . <ref name="bhcentenarian" /> Martinson ta rasu a gidanta da ke Beverly Hills a ranar 9 ga Maris, 2023, tana da shekaru 90. [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2023]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1932]] tj1nnoxwvoepk3uqbtr9yh6d75ccds0 0 135656 826252 778270 2026-04-25T14:08:05Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826252 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Cooper1.jpg|thumb|Cooper yana shiri ko kuma yana zagaye ƙarshen ganga ta amfani da [[Gizago|adze na hannun]] Cooper]] [[Fayil:Unfertiges_Fass_9105.jpg|thumb|Haɗa ganga, wanda ake kira ''mise en rose'' a [[Faransanci]]]] '''Cooper''' [[Mai sana'a|ma'aikacin hannu]] ne wanda ke samar da kwantena na katako, ganga, tukwane, [[bokiti]], tukwane, kwano, da sauran kwantena makamantan su daga sandunan katako waɗanda galibi ana dumama su ko a tururi don su zama masu laushi. Masu haɗin gwiwa na [[Mai Tafiya|Journeymen]] suma suna yin kayan aikin katako a al'ada, kamar [[Manjagara|rake]] da [[shebur]] masu bakin itace. Baya ga itace, ana amfani da wasu kayan aiki, kamar ƙarfe, a cikin tsarin ƙera su. Cinikin shine asalin sunan mahaifi Cooper . == Asalin Ma'anar == Kalmar "cooper" ta samo asali ne daga harshen Jamusanci na Tsakiya ko Tsakiyar Ƙasa ''kūper'' 'cooper' daga ''kūpe'' 'cask', sannan kuma daga [[Harshen Latin|Latin]] ''cupa'' 'tun, barrel'. <ref name="ancestry" /> An ɗauki kalmar a matsayin [[Sunan mahaifi|sunan mahaifi na aiki]], Cooper . <ref name="ancestry">{{Cite web |date=15 June 2021 |title=Cooper Name Meaning & Cooper Family History at Ancestry.co.uk |url=https://www.ancestry.co.uk/name-origin?surname=cooper |access-date=12 January 2024 |website=Ancestry}}</ref> Fasaha da ƙwarewar ''haɗin gwiwa'' na nufin ƙera kwandunan katako, ko ganga. Wurin da ake yin kwanduna ana kiransa da haɗin gwiwa. <ref name="guinness">{{Cite web |title=Guinness Collectors Club |url=https://www.guinntiques.com/coopers.aspx |access-date=13 January 2024 |website=The Guinness Coopers}}</ref> <ref name="archibald2020">{{Cite web |last=Archibald |first=Anna |date=8 December 2020 |title=How to Quit Your Desk Job and Become a Cooper |url=https://www.wineenthusiast.com/culture/spirits/cooper-wine-whiskey-career-tips/ |access-date=13 January 2024 |website=Wine Enthusiast }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref name="margaretriver">{{Cite web |date=16 September 2021 |title=The Ancient Craft of Barrel Making |url=https://www.margaretriver.com/things-to-do/eat-drink/wineries/the-ancient-craft-of-barrel-making/ |access-date=13 January 2024 |website=The Margaret River Region}}</ref> <ref name="stranger2023">{{Cite web |last=Stranger |first=Grace |date=12 August 2023 |title=Bottom of the barrel: Australia's endangered trades cry out for support |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2023-08-12/endangered-trades-and-skills-at-risk-of-dying-out-in-australia/102721256 |access-date=13 January 2024 |website=[[ABC News (Australia)]]}}</ref> == Tarihi == A al'adance, cooper mutum ne wanda ke yin tasoshin katako, waɗanda aka yi musu katangar katako, waɗanda aka haɗa su da ƙusoshin katako ko na ƙarfe, kuma suna da ƙarshen lebur ko kai. Misalan aikin cooper sun haɗa da kwanduna, ganga, [[bokiti]], tukwane, man shanu, tukwane, hogsheads, firkins, tiers, rundlets, puncheons, pipes, tuns, butts, throughs, fils da breakers. Mai ''[[wiktionary:hooper|yin ƙugiya]]'' shine mutumin da ke sanya ƙugiya ta katako ko ƙarfe a kusa da ganga ko bokitin da Cooper ya yi, ainihin mataimaki ga Cooper. <ref>''Shorter Oxford English Dictionary.'' 2002. 5th ed. Vol. 1, A–M. Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. 513.</ref> Sunan Ingilishi Hooper ya samo asali ne daga wannan sana'a. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Surname Hooper: Meaning Origin Variants |url=https://www.igenea.com/en/surnames/h/hooper |access-date=14 January 2024 |website=iGENEA}}</ref> A tsawon lokaci, Coopers sun ɗauki matsayin mai yin ƙugiya da kansu. === Tsohon zamani === [[Fayil:RoscheiderHof-waldmuseum-kueferwerkstatt-2009.jpg|thumb|Taron bitar Cooper, Roscheider Hof Open Air Museum]] Wani zanen bango na Masar a cikin kabarin Hesy-Ra, wanda aka yi tun daga 2600 BC, ya nuna wani baho na katako da aka yi da sanduna, an ɗaure shi da ƙugiya na katako, kuma ana amfani da shi don aunawa. Wani zanen kabarin Masar wanda aka yi tun daga 1900 BC ya nuna wani cooper da baho da aka yi da sandunan da ake amfani da su a lokacin girbin inabi. An ruwaito cewa ana amfani da kwandunan itacen dabino a tsohuwar Babila . A Turai, an sami bokiti da kwandunan da aka adana tun daga 200 BC a cikin laka na ƙauyukan tafkin. Wani ƙauyen tafkin kusa da Glastonbury wanda ya rayu tun daga ƙarshen zamanin ƙarfe ya samar da cikakken baho ɗaya da sandunan katako da dama. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2024)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Masanin tarihin [[Romawa na Da|Romawa]] [[Pliny Babba|Pliny the Elder]] ya ba da rahoton cewa haɗin gwiwa a Turai ya samo asali ne daga Gauls a ƙauyukan Alps inda suke adana abubuwan sha a cikin akwatunan katako da aka ɗaure da ƙugiya. Pliny ya gano nau'ikan coopers guda uku: coopers na yau da kullun, coopers na giya da coopers waɗanda ke yin manyan akwatunan. Manyan akwatunan sun ƙunshi sanduna masu tsayi da yawa kuma hakan ya fi wahalar haɗawa. Coopers na Romawa sun kasance 'yan kasuwa ne masu zaman kansu, suna ba da ƙwarewarsu ga 'ya'yansu maza. Masanin ilimin ƙasa na Girka [[Strabo]] ya rubuta cewa <nowiki><i id="mwjQ">pithoi</i></nowiki> na katako (kwando) an yi musu layi da ƙugiya don dakatar da zubewa da adana ruwan inabin. Wani lokaci ana amfani da ganga don dalilai na soja. [[Julius Caesar]] ya yi amfani da katapults don jefa ganga na kwalta mai ƙonewa zuwa garuruwan da aka kewaye don kunna wuta. An yi amfani da kwandunan da babu komai don rufe bangon rijiyoyin da ba su da zurfi tun zamanin Romawa. An gano irin waɗannan kwandunan a shekarar 1897 a lokacin haƙa kayan tarihi na Roman Silchester a Burtaniya. An yi su da fir na azurfa na Pyrenean kuma sandunan suna da kauri inci ɗaya da rabi kuma suna da ramuka inda aka sanya kawunan. An yi musu zane-zanen Romawa a saman kowane sandar don taimakawa wajen sake haɗa su. [1] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} g990q7n8d87vohcm1eyokiwjjjx55vi 0 136480 826368 779722 2026-04-25T22:09:20Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826368 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Dennis Anthony Tito (an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Agusta, 1940) injiniya ne kuma ɗan kasuwa ɗan ƙasar Amurka. A tsakiyar shekarar 2001, ya zama ɗan yawon buɗe ido na farko da ya ba da kuɗin ziyararsa ta sararin samaniya, lokacin da ya shafe kusan kwanaki takwas a sararin samaniya a matsayin ma'aikacin jirgin ISS EP-1, wani aikin ziyara zuwa Tashar Sararin Samaniya ta Duniya . Wannan aikin jirgin saman Soyuz TM-32 ne ya harba shi, kuma Soyuz TM-31 ne ya sauka da shi. == Rayuwa da aiki == An haifi Tito a Queens, [[New York (jiha)|New York]] . Ya kammala karatunsa daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Forest Hills da ke birnin New York. Yana da digirin farko a fannin kimiyyar sararin samaniya da kuma kimiyyar sararin samaniya daga Jami'ar New York, 1962, sannan kuma yana da digirin Master a fannin kimiyyar injiniya daga harabar cibiyar Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute da ke Hartford, Connecticut. <ref>{{Cite web |date=November 4, 2002 |title=Dennis Tito to Speak at Rensselaer Nov. 14 |url=https://www.rpi.edu/dept/NewsComm/Campus_News/nov_02/nov_4/tito.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121029021357/https://www.rpi.edu/dept/NewsComm/Campus_News/nov_02/nov_4/tito.html |archive-date=October 29, 2012 |access-date=February 27, 2013 |publisher=Rensselaer Magazine}}</ref> Shi memba ne na Psi Upsilon kuma ya sami digirin girmamawa na injiniya daga Cibiyar Rensselaer Polytechnic a ranar 18 ga Mayu, 2002, kuma tsohon masanin kimiyya ne a dakin gwaje-gwaje na NASA Jet Propulsion . <ref name="bsa20020111">{{Cite web |date=January 11, 2002 |title=Dennis A. Tito to Receive Prestigious Americanism Award from Boy Scouts of America |url=http://bsa-la.org/about/press_releases/tito2%2001-11-2002.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120303074440/http://bsa-la.org/about/press_releases/tito2%2001-11-2002.html |archive-date=March 3, 2012 |access-date=February 27, 2013 |publisher=Western Los Angeles County Council}}</ref> An naɗa Tito a matsayin Kwamishinan Ma'aikatar Ruwa da Wutar Lantarki ta Los Angeles a shekarun 1990, kuma saboda haka ya taimaka wajen aiwatar da hukuncin jihar na 1994 wanda ya kare tafkin Mono daga karkatar da ruwa da birnin ke yi. <ref name="monolake20130227">{{Cite web |title=Defender of the Trust Award |url=http://www.monolake.org/mlc/defender |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120224105240/http://www.monolake.org/mlc/defender |archive-date=February 24, 2012 |access-date=February 27, 2013 |publisher=Mono Lake Committee}}</ref> === Sana'ar saka hannun jari === A shekarar 1972, ya kafa Wilshire Associates, babban mai samar da ayyukan kula da saka hannun jari, shawarwari da fasaha a Santa Monica, California . Tito yana hidimar abokan ciniki na ƙasashen waje waɗanda ke wakiltar kadarorin dala biliyan 71. <ref>{{Cite web |date=November 4, 2002 |title=Dennis Tito to Speak at Rensselaer Nov. 14 |url=https://www.rpi.edu/dept/NewsComm/Campus_News/nov_02/nov_4/tito.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121029021357/https://www.rpi.edu/dept/NewsComm/Campus_News/nov_02/nov_4/tito.html |archive-date=October 29, 2012 |access-date=February 27, 2013 |publisher=Rensselaer Magazine}}</ref> Wilshire yana amfani da nazarin adadi don nazarin haɗarin kasuwa - hanyar da Tito ya yi amfani da ita wajen taimakawa wajen haɓakawa ta hanyar amfani da dabarun da ya yi amfani da su don tantance hanyar sararin samaniya a JPL. <ref name="bsa20020111"/> Duk da canjin aiki daga injiniyan sararin samaniya zuwa gudanar da saka hannun jari, Tito ya ci gaba da sha'awar sararin samaniya . <ref name="sdc20010315">{{Cite web |last=Brian Berger and Simon Saradzhyan |date=March 15, 2001 |title=Goldin, Koptev at Odds on Tito Flight |url=http://www.space.com/businesstechnology/goldin_tito_010315.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090524025823/http://www.space.com/businesstechnology/goldin_tito_010315.html |archive-date=May 24, 2009 |access-date=February 27, 2013 |publisher=[[Space.com]]}}</ref> A shekarar 2020, Tito ya sayar da sha'awarsa ga Wilshire Associates . === Rayuwa ta sirri === Dennis ya rabu da matarsa Suzanne Tito a farkon shekarun 1990, wadda ya aura tun shekarun 1970. Suna da 'ya'ya biyu tare. <ref name="fitzonetv-20221013">{{Cite web |last=Casey Campbell |date=13 October 2022 |title=Who Is Dennis Tito's Wife Akiko? The Couple Is Ready For A Space Tour! |url=https://fitzonetv.com/who-is-dennis-titos-wife-akiko/ |publisher=Fitz on ETV }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Ta kasance CFO na Wilshire Associates a lokacin da suka koma gidansu da ke Pacific Palisades a shekarar 1990 tare da 'ya'yansu, wanda suka gina tun 1987. Tun daga shekarar 2011 Dennis ya auri Elizabeth Pavlova Tito, wata mai zuba jari 'yar Rasha kuma ɗalibi a jami'ar Stanford. Suna zaune a Pacific Palisades da ke Los Angeles. Daga shekarar 2016 zuwa 2019, Dennis ya auri Elizabeth TenHouten, <ref name="fitzonetv-20221013"/> 'yar kasuwa, mawaƙiya, marubuciya kuma mai ƙira. <ref>{{Cite web |date=November 4, 2002 |title=Dennis Tito to Speak at Rensselaer Nov. 14 |url=https://www.rpi.edu/dept/NewsComm/Campus_News/nov_02/nov_4/tito.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121029021357/https://www.rpi.edu/dept/NewsComm/Campus_News/nov_02/nov_4/tito.html |archive-date=October 29, 2012 |access-date=February 27, 2013 |publisher=Rensselaer Magazine}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=November 4, 2002 |title=Dennis Tito to Speak at Rensselaer Nov. 14 |url=https://www.rpi.edu/dept/NewsComm/Campus_News/nov_02/nov_4/tito.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121029021357/https://www.rpi.edu/dept/NewsComm/Campus_News/nov_02/nov_4/tito.html |archive-date=October 29, 2012 |access-date=February 27, 2013 |publisher=Rensselaer Magazine}}</ref> Tun daga shekarar 2020, Dennis ya auri Akiko Tito, injiniya, matukin jirgi, kuma mai zuba jari, wanda ke sha'awar tashi sama da sararin samaniya tun yana ƙarami. An haife ta a Tokyo, tana da digirin tattalin arziki kuma ta ƙaura zuwa New York a shekarar 1995, inda ta haifi ɗa kafin aurenta da Dennis. <ref name="fitzonetv-20221013"/> === Abubuwan sha'awar sararin samaniya na ƙarni na 21 === ==== Tashi zuwa sararin samaniya ==== [[Fayil:ISS-02_Soyuz_TM-32_Taxi_crewmembers.jpg|right|thumb|Ma'aikatan Soyuz TM-32. (LR: Tito, Talgat Musabayev, da Yuri Baturin ).]] Bayan ya biya rahoton dala miliyan 20, Hukumar Kula da Sararin Samaniya ta Tarayyar Rasha ta amince da Tito a matsayin wanda zai yi takarar jirgin sama na kasuwanci na sararin samaniya . Hukumar NASA ta soki Tito kafin harba shi, musamman Daniel Goldin, wanda a wancan lokacin ya jagoranci NASA, wanda ya ga bai dace ba ga mai yawon bude ido ya hau kan sararin samaniya. <ref name="sdc20010315"/> <ref>{{Cite web |date=November 4, 2002 |title=Dennis Tito to Speak at Rensselaer Nov. 14 |url=https://www.rpi.edu/dept/NewsComm/Campus_News/nov_02/nov_4/tito.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121029021357/https://www.rpi.edu/dept/NewsComm/Campus_News/nov_02/nov_4/tito.html |archive-date=October 29, 2012 |access-date=February 27, 2013 |publisher=Rensselaer Magazine}}</ref> An bayyana MirCorp, Goldin da Tito a cikin fim ɗin shirin gaskiya ''na Orphans of Apollo'' . [ yana buƙatar sabuntawa ] Lokacin da Tito ya isa [[Cibiyar Johnson Space|Cibiyar Sararin Samaniya ta Johnson]] don ƙarin horo ga ɓangaren Amurka na ISS, Robert D. Cabana, manajan NASA, ya tura Tito da abokan aikinsa biyu zuwa gida, yana mai cewa, "...Ba za mu iya fara horo ba, domin ba ma son yin horo tare da Dennis Tito". <ref>{{Cite web |date=November 4, 2002 |title=Dennis Tito to Speak at Rensselaer Nov. 14 |url=https://www.rpi.edu/dept/NewsComm/Campus_News/nov_02/nov_4/tito.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121029021357/https://www.rpi.edu/dept/NewsComm/Campus_News/nov_02/nov_4/tito.html |archive-date=October 29, 2012 |access-date=February 27, 2013 |publisher=Rensselaer Magazine}}</ref> Daga baya, ta hanyar yarjejeniya da kamfanin yawon bude ido na sararin samaniya Space Adventures, Ltd., <ref name="spaceadventures" /> Tito ya shiga aikin Soyuz TM-32 wanda aka harba a ranar 28 ga Afrilu, 2001. <ref>{{Cite web |date=November 4, 2002 |title=Dennis Tito to Speak at Rensselaer Nov. 14 |url=https://www.rpi.edu/dept/NewsComm/Campus_News/nov_02/nov_4/tito.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121029021357/https://www.rpi.edu/dept/NewsComm/Campus_News/nov_02/nov_4/tito.html |archive-date=October 29, 2012 |access-date=February 27, 2013 |publisher=Rensselaer Magazine}}</ref> Jirgin saman ya tsaya tare da Tashar Sararin Samaniya ta Duniya. Tito da abokan aikinsa na sararin samaniya sun shafe kwanaki 7, awanni 22, mintuna 4 a sararin samaniya kuma sun zagaya Duniya sau 128. <ref name="spaceadventures">{{Cite web |date=June 15, 2004 |title=First Space Tourist Dennis Tito to Make Business Visit to Russia |url=http://www.redorbit.com/news/space/65010/first_space_tourist_dennis_tito_to_make_business_visit_to/index.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101127161905/http://www.redorbit.com/news/space/65010/first_space_tourist_dennis_tito_to_make_business_visit_to/index.html |archive-date=November 27, 2010 |access-date=February 27, 2013 |publisher=redOrbit}}</ref> Tito ya yi gwaje-gwajen kimiyya da dama a sararin samaniya wanda ya ce zai zama da amfani ga kamfaninsa da kasuwancinsa. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2013)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Tun bayan dawowarsa daga sararin samaniya, ya bayar da shaida a Kwamitin Kasuwanci, Kimiyya da Sufuri na Majalisar Dattawa, Kwamitin Kimiyya, Fasaha, da Sararin Samaniya da Kwamitin Kimiyya na Majalisar Wakilai, Kwamitin Sauraron Haɗin Gwiwa na Sararin Samaniya da Jiragen Sama kan "Jirgin Saman Dan Adam na Kasuwanci" a ranar 24 ga Yuli, 2003. <ref>{{Cite web |date=November 4, 2002 |title=Dennis Tito to Speak at Rensselaer Nov. 14 |url=https://www.rpi.edu/dept/NewsComm/Campus_News/nov_02/nov_4/tito.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121029021357/https://www.rpi.edu/dept/NewsComm/Campus_News/nov_02/nov_4/tito.html |archive-date=October 29, 2012 |access-date=February 27, 2013 |publisher=Rensselaer Magazine}}</ref> Shekaru goma bayan tashinsa, ya yi hira da BBC News game da hakan. <ref>{{Cite web |date=November 4, 2002 |title=Dennis Tito to Speak at Rensselaer Nov. 14 |url=https://www.rpi.edu/dept/NewsComm/Campus_News/nov_02/nov_4/tito.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121029021357/https://www.rpi.edu/dept/NewsComm/Campus_News/nov_02/nov_4/tito.html |archive-date=October 29, 2012 |access-date=February 27, 2013 |publisher=Rensselaer Magazine}}</ref> ==== Gidauniyar Wahayi ta Mars ==== A watan Fabrairun 2013, Tito ya sanar da niyyarsa ta aika jirgin sama mai zaman kansa zuwa [[Mars|duniyar Mars]] nan da shekarar 2018, <ref>{{Cite web |date=November 4, 2002 |title=Dennis Tito to Speak at Rensselaer Nov. 14 |url=https://www.rpi.edu/dept/NewsComm/Campus_News/nov_02/nov_4/tito.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121029021357/https://www.rpi.edu/dept/NewsComm/Campus_News/nov_02/nov_4/tito.html |archive-date=October 29, 2012 |access-date=February 27, 2013 |publisher=Rensselaer Magazine}}</ref> yana mai cewa fasahar ta riga ta wanzu kuma matsalolin da ake buƙatar magancewa su ne kawai wahalar tafiyar kwanaki 501 ta fuskar tunani da jiki ga ma'aikatan jirgin. <ref>{{Cite web |date=November 4, 2002 |title=Dennis Tito to Speak at Rensselaer Nov. 14 |url=https://www.rpi.edu/dept/NewsComm/Campus_News/nov_02/nov_4/tito.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121029021357/https://www.rpi.edu/dept/NewsComm/Campus_News/nov_02/nov_4/tito.html |archive-date=October 29, 2012 |access-date=February 27, 2013 |publisher=Rensselaer Magazine}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=November 4, 2002 |title=Dennis Tito to Speak at Rensselaer Nov. 14 |url=https://www.rpi.edu/dept/NewsComm/Campus_News/nov_02/nov_4/tito.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121029021357/https://www.rpi.edu/dept/NewsComm/Campus_News/nov_02/nov_4/tito.html |archive-date=October 29, 2012 |access-date=February 27, 2013 |publisher=Rensselaer Magazine}}</ref> Duk da haka, a watan Nuwamban 2013, Tito da sauran membobin ƙungiyar Mars Inspiration sun yarda cewa shirinsu ba zai yiwu ba tare da taimako da kuɗaɗen tallafi daga NASA ba. ==== Tafiyar jirgin sama na biyu na kasuwanci na SpaceX Starship a sararin samaniya da ke kewaye da wata ==== A ranar 12 ga Oktoba, 2022, SpaceX ta sanar da cewa Dennis da Akiko Tito za su kasance cikin ma'aikatan jirgin sama na biyu na Starship a sararin samaniya a kusa da wata. <ref>{{Cite web |date=November 4, 2002 |title=Dennis Tito to Speak at Rensselaer Nov. 14 |url=https://www.rpi.edu/dept/NewsComm/Campus_News/nov_02/nov_4/tito.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121029021357/https://www.rpi.edu/dept/NewsComm/Campus_News/nov_02/nov_4/tito.html |archive-date=October 29, 2012 |access-date=February 27, 2013 |publisher=Rensselaer Magazine}}</ref> [ yana buƙatar sabuntawa ] == Duba kuma == * Jerin sunayen matafiya a sararin samaniya == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1940]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] netovwr8ahaxvkjg00qye8y2qr8txje 0 136679 826385 790539 2026-04-26T01:52:05Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826385 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Roger_Law_at_TYPO_Berlin_2014_–_Day_Two.jpg|thumb|Lauya tana jawabi a taron TYPO Berlin a shekarar 2014]] '''Roger Law''' (an haife shi a ranar 6 ga Satumba, 1941) ƙwararren mai zane ne na Burtaniya, mai zane-zanen yumbu kuma rabin Luck da Flaw (tare da Peter Fluck ), waɗanda suka ƙirƙiri shahararren shirin talabijin mai ban dariya ''Spitting Image'' . == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Law a Littleport, Cambridgeshire . Law ya yi karatu a Makarantar Sakandare ta Littleport da ke Littleport, Cambridgeshire, kuma ya halarci Makarantar Fasaha ta Cambridge (wanda yanzu wani ɓangare ne na Jami'ar Anglia Ruskin ). Ya haɗu da Peter Fluck a lokacin da yake can. [1] == Sana'a == Ya kasance mai zane-zane, mai zane-zanen barkwanci <ref name="auto">{{Cite web |title=Roger Law |url=https://www.lambiek.net/artists/l/law_roger.htm |access-date=31 December 2020 |website=Lambiek.net}}</ref> kuma mai zane-zane na ''The Observer'' daga 1962-65, sannan kuma ga ''jaridar The Sunday Times'' daga 1965-67 da 1971-75 (inda abokan aikinsa suka haɗa da Francis Wyndham da Bruce Chatwin ). A jaridar Sunday Times ya kasance mai aiki a matsayin mai zane-zane na kotu . [ <ref name="auto" /> Law ya kuma tsara murfin kundin waƙoƙin ''Axis: Bold As Love'' na Jimi Hendrix da ''The Who Sell Out'' (1967) na The Who . <ref name="auto" /> Bayan an kammala ''Spitting Image'' a shekarar 1996, Law ya zama mai zane a Makarantar Fasaha ta Ƙasa da ke [[Sydney]] . Daga baya ya koma Jingdezhen, China inda yake yin manyan jiragen ruwa na porcelain . Sun haɗu da wani mai yin yumbu na Australiya-China Ah Xian, wanda shi ma ya gabatar da shi ga bitar tukwane na Jingdezhen, wanda ya sa Law ya fara sabuwar sana'ar fasaha. Wani fim na Catherine Hunter - wanda wani mai suka ya bayyana a matsayin "labarin gargaɗi game da shahara da yuwuwar sabbin abubuwa" <ref>{{Cite book}}</ref> - ya biyo bayan Law yayin da yake shirya aikin baje kolin kayan yumbu a Gidan Tarihi na Victoria da Albert da ake girmamawa a Landan. <ref>{{Cite book}}</ref> An shirya wani shirin fim na Michael Coulson, mai suna ''Still Spitting'', a shekarar 2013, amma har zuwa shekarar 2020 har yanzu ba a fitar da shi ba. Fim ɗin ya ba da labarin yadda rayuwar Law a matsayin mai zane-zane ta canza sosai sakamakon buƙatun shirin talabijin na ''Spitting Image'', ya bayyana abin da ya faru da shi bayan kammala shirin a shekarar 1996 kuma yana bin sa yayin da yake ƙoƙarin cimma burinsa na yin "babban tudu" a China. == Rayuwa ta sirri == Ya auri Deirdre Amsden (mai zane barguna) a shekarar 1960 a Cambridge. Suna da ɗa ɗaya (an haife su a shekarar 1962) da kuma 'ya mace (an haife su a shekarar 1965). == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [http://threehumansinc.com/RogerLaw.html Roger Law - ThreeHumanSinc] * Roger Law Ceramics * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070718145346/http://opal.kent.ac.uk/cartoonx-cgi/artist.py?id=503 Tarihin Rayuwa] * [https://www.lambiek.net/artists/l/law_roger.htm Labarin Lambiek Comiclopedia.] * [http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/article436455.ece ''Jaridar The Times'' Maris 2005]{{Dead link|date=February 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}  * [https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8350518.stm Me ya faru da tukwanen shayin?] * [https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p01wdwz6 BBC Huɗu- Arena] * [https://www.sladmorecontemporary.com/roger-law-biography Tarihin Roger Law]{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * [https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2014/aug/03/roger-law-spitting-image-potter Roger Law: tofa da juyawa] * [https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2011/10/roger-laws-odyssey-from-satire-on-tv-to-chinas-porcelain-city/246176/ Odyssey na Roger Law daga barkwanci a talabijin zuwa birnin faranti na China.] * [https://www.fendittongallery.com/roger-law Gidan Tarihi na Roger Law Fen Ditton] * [https://scottish-gallery.co.uk/artist/roger-law Gidan Tarihi na Roger Law na Scotland] * [https://www.discogs.com/artist/1669813-Roger-Law Roger Law] a [https://www.discogs.com discos.com] * [https://www.sainsburycentre.ac.uk/stories/roger-law-spitting-image/ Roger Law yana tofa hoton Cibiyar Sainsbury] * [https://www.theoldie.co.uk/article/john-lloyd-oldie-puppeteer-of-the-year-roger-law John Lloyd Oldie Puppeteer na Shekara: Roger Law] * [https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p029yrf3/p029yz20 BBC Radio 3 Tukwanen Roger Law] * [https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b06v5xhx/episodes/guide BBC Radio 4 Roger Law: Fasaha da Seoul] * [https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b091tv95 BBC Radio 4 Roger Law da Babban Tukunyar] * [https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b06v5xhx/episodes/guide BBC Radio 4 Roger Law: Fasaha da Seoul] * [https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b012r99b BBC Radio 4 Extra Sabuwar Hanyar Siliki tare da Roger Law] * [https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b049pcvt/episodes/guide Dokar Roger ta BBC 4 da Abubuwan da ke Sha'awa na Kasar Sin] * [https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b04nql09 BBC Radio 3 Private Passions, Roger Law] * [https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b049pcvt/episodes/guide Dokar Roger ta BBC 4 da Abubuwan da ke Sha'awa na Kasar Sin] * [https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p009mlw9 Faifan Bidiyo na BBC Radio 4 na Tsibirin Desert] * [https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b04nv6lv BBC Radio 4 Tsakiyar Mako, Roger Law] * [https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p01s1y7j BBC Radio London Rober Elms Tare da Roger Law, Kate Robbins, Joseph Connolly da St John Stephens] * [https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b016k6xl BBC Radio 4 Extra Roger's Zomo] * [https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p01sn8c7 BBC Radio Manchester Becky Want, Shekaru 30 na Tofa Hoto] * [https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00pg5pn Karin Tofawa a Rediyon BBC 4 a Rashanci] * [https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b01rkxht BBC Radio 4 Extra Afirka ta Kudu ta tofa albarkacin bakinta] * [https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b008tx8m Hotunan Tofawa na BBC Radio 4] * [https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p06rqtjc BBC Radio 4 Mafi Kyawun Na Yau] * [https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00knwyq Gidan Tarihi na Bincike na BBC Radio 4] * [https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00nt9c5 BBC Radio 4 Karin Bayani Me ya faru da 'yan shayin?] * [https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p01sg4d4 Tarihin Shaidar BBC World Service Tofa Hoto] * [https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0383j0r Karin Labaran BBC Radio 4 Kai! Ta Yaya Suka Yi Hakan?] * [https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b008wf02/episodes/guide Fasaha ta BBC Radio 4 da aka yi a China] * [https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00s7vs4 Barkwanci na BBC Radio 4: Babban Al'adar Birtaniya] * [https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00wldd9 BBC Radio 4 Ni Mashahuri ne, Ku shigo nan] * [https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00c9n3p Hotunan BBC Radio Scotland na Tofawa] * [https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00rd967/episodes/guide BBC Radio 4 Sirrin Fasaha da Mawaki: Caravaggio] * [https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b01pj1l7 Kayayyakin da suka wuce kima na BBC Radio 4] * [https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00sdrtm BBC Radio Scotland Yankin Barkwanci] * [https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b03vzwfn BBC Radio Scotland Shirin Janice Forsyth] * [https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00k718c BBC Radio Scotland Arts, Classical da Jazz Zone] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1941]] cny9j9qzicxoum12ynbf6ssqcal4t1c 0 137412 826416 781528 2026-04-26T05:44:59Z Nura Bello 24854 826416 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Qari Hekmatullah''' (ya mutu 5 ga Afrilu ashekarar 2018) ya kasance mai fafutukar Musulunci na Uzbek kuma kwamandan Jihar Musulunci a [[Afghanistan]] . Tare da babban tushe na ayyukansa a Gundumar Darzab da Gundumar Qush Tepa ta Lardin Jowzjan, ya faɗaɗa tasirin IS zuwa Lardin Faryab da Lardin Sar-e Pol. == Tarihin rayuwa == An haifi Qari Helmat a [[Uzbekistan]] kuma wani lokacin ana cewa shi ɗan Tohir Yo'ldosh ne, wanda ya kafa Ƙungiyar Musulunci ta Uzbekistan . [ana buƙatar ƙa'ida]{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=February 2023}}<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2023)">citation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> Hekmat ya daɗe yana kwamandan Taliban a Lardin Jowzjan kuma ya kasance gwamnan inuwa na Gundumar Darzab. [ana buƙatar ƙa'ida]{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=February 2023}}<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2023)">citation needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2015, an zargi wata mace da zina kuma ya yi niyyar kashe ta, amma an hana shi. Wannan lamarin ya sa [[Taliban]] ta kore shi saboda "ayyukan mugunta". A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2016 ya shiga kungiyar Islama kuma ya umarci akalla mutane 200 masu dauke da makamai. Ba da daɗewa ba ya koma Gundumar Qush Tepa, inda ya ci [[Taliban]] na yankin. A cikin 2017 gwamnan lardin Sar-e-Pul ya ce Hekmat yana ƙara yawan ma'aikata a can. == Mutuwa == An kashe Helmat a wani harin jirgin sama na [[Tarayyar Amurka|Amurka]] a kauyen Larabawa na Khawaja na Gundumar Bilchiragh na Lardin Faryab a ranar 5 ga Afrilu shekarun 2018 . == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2018]] msnhx7k0b5k0on5jnhxmlxtxq950ddd 0 137787 826377 782112 2026-04-26T00:29:58Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826377 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Diva''' (wanda aka tsara a matsayin "DiVA" da "DIVA") wani rukuni ne na ƙungiyar yarinya ta Japan mai suna AKB48 wacce ke aiki daga 2011 zuwa 2014.<ref name="Disband">{{Cite web |date=August 14, 2014 |title=AKB48's sub-unit Diva to disband within the year |url=http://www.tokyohive.com/article/2014/08/akb48s-sub-unit-diva-to-disband-within-the-year |access-date=August 15, 2014 |website=Tokyohive |publisher=6Theory Media, LLC.}}</ref> Membobinta sune: Sayaka Akimoto, Sae Miyazawa, Ayaka Umeda, da Yuka Masuda . Kungiyar ta saki waƙoƙi huɗu waɗanda suka kai saman 10 na Oricon. == Tarihi == An bayyana kafa Diva ga Sayaka Akimoto da Sae Miyazawa a ranar 10 ga Janairu, 2011, kuma duk mambobin Diva sun bayyana wa jama'a a [[AKB48 Theater|Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na AKB48]] a ranar 27 ga Fabrairu, 2011. Ƙungiyar farko ta mambobi huɗu ta ƙunshi Sayaka Akimoto, Sae Miyazawa, Ayaka Umeda, da Yuka Masuda.<ref>{{Cite web |date=February 28, 2011 |title=AKB48′s Akimoto Sayaka returns to Team K captain position, forms new unit Diva |url=http://www.tokyograph.com/news/akb48s-akimoto-sayaka-returns-to-team-k-captain-position-forms-new-unit-diva#more-18562 |access-date=April 18, 2011 |publisher=Tokyograph}}</ref> Dukkanin mambobi hudu sun sanya hannu ne daga kamfanin nishaɗi Flave Entertainment, wanda aka fi sani da Office48. Ma'anar naúrar ita ce "Na farko da aka taɓa yin rawa da murya daga AKB48". Da farko an shirya su ne don fitar da wakarsu ta farko a ranar 27 ga Afrilu, 2011, amma a ranar 1 ga Afrilu aka sanar da cewa an jinkirta ranar fitarwa zuwa 18 ga Mayu saboda Sakamakon girgizar kasa da tsunami ta Tōhoku ta 2011.<ref>{{Cite web |date=March 1, 2011 |title=Debut Single「タイトル未定」3形態で4月27日発売！ |url=http://avexnet.jp/id/divax/news/details/20110301001.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110308021051/http://avexnet.jp/id/divax/news/details/20110301001.html |archive-date=March 8, 2011 |access-date=April 18, 2011 |publisher=Avex Network |language=ja}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=April 1, 2011 |script-title=ja:発売日変更のお知らせ |url=http://avexnet.or.jp/diva/news/20110401.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110412192513/http://avexnet.or.jp/diva/news/20110401.html |archive-date=April 12, 2011 |access-date=April 18, 2011 |website=Diva Official Website |language=ja}}</ref> Waƙar A-gefe, "Tsuki no Ura gawa" (裏時側, Reverse side of the Moon), Yasushi Akimoto ne ya rubuta shi (ba shi da alaƙa da Sayaka), da kuma wasu waƙoƙin B-gefe ciki har da waƙar wasan kwaikwayo ta AKB48 Team-K "Blue Rose", kuma ɗaya daga cikin waƙoƙar da aka rubuta a kan Type-B CD, "Information" (イン Sabatメーション), Tetsuya Komuro ne ya rubuta.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Discography |url=http://avexnet.or.jp/diva/discography/ |access-date=April 18, 2011 |publisher=Diva Official Website |language=ja |archive-date=August 14, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110814131325/http://avexnet.or.jp/diva/discography/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Sun yi wasan kwaikwayo a fili a Kobe Collection a [[Shanghai]] a ranar 16 ga Afrilu, 2011. <ref name="rn.oricon">{{Cite web |date=April 18, 2011 |title=AKB派生ユニットDiVA、初の中国ライブでデビュー曲披露 |url=http://rn.oricon.co.jp/news/rankingnews/86777/full/ |access-date=April 18, 2011 |publisher=[[Oricon]] |language=ja}}</ref><ref name="kobe-collection">{{Cite web |date=April 18, 2011 |title=Kobe Collection 2011 Shangahi 上海公演速報レポート!! |url=http://kobe-collection.com/shanghai/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723151819/http://kobe-collection.com/shanghai/ |archive-date=July 23, 2011 |access-date=April 19, 2011 |publisher=Kobe Collection |language=ja}}</ref> An sanar da shi a shafin yanar gizon Diva cewa Akimoto za ta ci gaba da ayyukanta a Diva koda bayan ta bar AKB48 a ranar 22 ga watan Agusta, 2013 a AKB48's Tokyo Dome Concert yayin da aikinta na karshe zai kasance a ranar 28 ga watan Agustan. [1][2] A watan Maris na shekara ta 2014, Diva ta fitar da wani murfin "Wow War Tonight" na H Jungle tare da t. Waƙar tana samuwa ne kawai don saukewa daga aikace-aikacen wayar hannu na SoftBank, kuma ba ta ƙunshi Masuda ba.[3] A watan Agustan shekara ta 2014, an ba da sanarwar cewa ƙungiyar za ta sake haɗuwa kafin ƙarshen shekara ta 2014 a karo na ƙarshe don fitar da waƙoƙin su na ƙarshe, kundi na farko, da kuma kide-kide na ban kwana. An kuma tabbatar da sa hannun tsohon memba na AKB48 Masuda.[4] Wannan na karshe mai suna "Discovery", an sake shi a ranar 8 ga Oktoba, 2014, kuma an sayar da shi a cikin nau'o'i daban-daban guda huɗu.[5] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] ejeiiy5pqgct2p6k7l6vyh9hf38cwsc 0 138459 826261 783418 2026-04-25T14:53:27Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826261 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Cui Xiuwen''' ( Chinese ; 1967 - 1 ga Agusta 2018) <ref>{{Cite web |title=ArtAsiaPacific: Obituary Cui Xiuwen19702018 |url=http://artasiapacific.com/News/ObituaryCuiXiuwen19702018 |access-date=7 August 2018 |website=artasiapacific.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tate |title=Cui Xiuwen 崔岫闻 - Tate |url=https://www.tate.org.uk/research/research-centres/tate-research-centre-asia/women-artists-contemporary-china/cui-xiuwen |access-date=7 August 2018 |website=tate.org.uk}}</ref> wata mai fasaha ce ta kasar Sin wadda ta yi zane-zanen mai, da kuma ayyukan bidiyo da hotuna. Cui sananniyar mai fasaha ce ta zamani a kasar Sin. Gidajen tarihi kamar Tate Modern da Gidan Tarihi na Brooklyn sun tattara ayyukanta. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tate Modern Collection at CAFA Info |url=http://en.cafa.com.cn/cui-xiuwen.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140727211933/http://en.cafa.com.cn/cui-xiuwen.html |archive-date=2014-07-27 |access-date=2014-07-22}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Brooklyn Museum: Feminist Art Base |url=http://www.brooklynmuseum.org/eascfa/feminist_art_base/gallery/Cuixiuwen.php?i=1973 |access-date=7 August 2018 |website=www.brooklynmuseum.org |archive-date=17 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150217030846/http://www.brooklynmuseum.org/eascfa/feminist_art_base/gallery/Cuixiuwen.php?i=1973 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Rayuwa da aiki == An haifi Cui Xiuwen a [[Harbin]], Heilongjiang, China. Ta halarci Makarantar Fasaha ta Fine Arts ta Jami'ar Northeast Normal kuma ta kammala karatunta a shekarar 1990. Daga nan ta ci gaba da karatu a Kwalejin Fasaha ta Tsakiya ta China kuma ta sami digiri na biyu na Fasaha ta Fine Arts a shekarar 1996. <ref>{{Cite web |title=ArtAsiaPacific: Obituary Cui Xiuwen19702018 |url=http://artasiapacific.com/News/ObituaryCuiXiuwen19702018 |access-date=7 August 2018 |website=artasiapacific.com}}</ref> A lokacin rasuwarta a shekarar 2018 ta zauna kuma tana aiki a Beijing, China. Ta baje kolin ayyukanta a Tate Modern, Florence Museum, Today Art Museum (Beijing), Fabien Fryns Fine Art, Eli Klein Fine Art Gallery (New York), Blindspot Gallery (Hong Kong), da Art Stage Singapore . An gano Cui a matsayin wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar mata ta ƙasar Sin, kodayake ta faɗi haka a cikin wata hira da aka yi da ita a Artslant: "Ina ganin yana da iyaka sosai. Da alama kawai wani ɓangare ne na kasuwar fasaha kuma yana da matuƙar wahala a tsere." An fi saninta da aikinta na Ɗakin Mata [1] (2000), wanda aka hana nuna shi a bikin Guangzhou Triennial na farko. [2] [3] A cikin wannan aikin, Cui ta ɓoye kyamarar leƙen asiri mara aibi a cikin bandakin mata na wani shahararren kulob na karaoke na Beijing, tana rikodin tattaunawa marasa tacewa da lokutan gaskiya na 'yan mata na gida suna shirin zuwa ga abokan ciniki. A cikin jerin hotunanta mai taken Existential Emptiness (2009), an nuna wata yarinya 'yar makaranta da abokiyar zamanta mai girman 'yar tsana a cikin wurare masu dusar ƙanƙara da dusar ƙanƙara, suna magana game da jigogi na samartaka, asali, da mace-mace. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2018]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1967]] rcv8b22dq4up3thomdwmzpu2t3tafpm 0 139599 826234 790389 2026-04-25T12:11:22Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826234 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Clara Adams-Ender''' ( née Leach; an haife ta a ranar 11 ga Yuli, 1939) jami'ar sojan Amurka ce mai ritaya wacce ta yi aiki a matsayin Shugabar Rundunar Ma'aikatan Jinya ta Sojojin Amurka daga Satumba 1987 zuwa Agusta 1991. Ita ce mace ta farko da ta sami digirin digiri na biyu a fannin fasaha da kimiyya na soja daga Kwalejin Sojojin Amurka da Janar . Ita ce kuma jami'ar ma'aikatan jinya ta farko [[Afirkawan Amurka|'yar Afirka-Amurka]] da ta kammala karatunta daga Kwalejin Yaƙin Sojojin Amurka . Lokacin da ta yi ritaya, a shekarar 1993, tana aiki a matsayin babban jami'in gudanarwa na Fort Belvoir, a gundumar Fairfax, Virginia . Bayan ta yi ritaya, a shekarar 2001 ta buga wani littafi mai suna ''My Rise to the Stars: How a Sharecropper's Daughter Become an Army General'' . == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Clara Leach a Willow Spring, North Carolina, a ranar 11 ga Yuli, 1939. Tana da 'yan'uwa tara. Mahaifiyarta ita ce Caretha Bell (Sapp) Leach. Mahaifinta, Otha Leach, mai raba gona ne kuma iyalin suna zaune a gundumar Wake, North Carolina, a gonar taba . <ref>name="UNC1">{{Cite web |title=Clara Adams-Enders Papers |url=http://library.uncg.edu/dp/wv/collection.aspx?col=887 |access-date=May 28, 2013 |website=The Betty H. Carter Women Veterans Historical Project |publisher=University of North Carolina, Greensboro |archive-date=September 13, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120913080911/http://library.uncg.edu/dp/wv/collection.aspx?col=887 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Leach ta yi makarantar sakandare a Fuquay Springs Consolidated High School kuma ta kammala karatunta tun tana da shekaru 16, a matsayin ta biyu a ajinta. <ref> name="NCNH1">{{Cite web |date=3 May 2011 |title=Brigadier General Clara Adms-Ender |url=http://nursinghistory.appstate.edu/biographies/clara-adams-ender |access-date=May 29, 2013 |website=Biographies |publisher=North Carolina Nursing History}}</ref> Ta halarci Jami'ar Jihar North Carolina A&amp;amp;T, wata [[Kwalejoji da Jami'o'i na Baƙar Fata a Tarihi|jami'a ta bakar fata ta tarihi]] . Yayin da take can, ta kasance mai shiga cikin zaman dirshan na Greensboro . <ref name="UNC1" /> Leach ta shiga rundunar sojin Amurka domin ta biya kuɗin karatunta na makarantar koyon aikin jinya . Lokacin da ta kammala karatunta a shekarar 1961, an naɗa ta a matsayin laftanar ta biyu a rundunar ma'aikatan jinya ta sojojin Amurka . <ref name="UNC1">{{Cite web |title=Clara Adams-Enders Papers |url=http://library.uncg.edu/dp/wv/collection.aspx?col=887 |access-date=May 28, 2013 |website=The Betty H. Carter Women Veterans Historical Project |publisher=University of North Carolina, Greensboro |archive-date=September 13, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120913080911/http://library.uncg.edu/dp/wv/collection.aspx?col=887 |url-status=dead }}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://library.uncg.edu/dp/wv/collection.aspx?col=887 "Clara Adams-Enders Papers"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150117033815/http://library.uncg.edu/dp/wv/collection.aspx?col=887 |date=2015-01-17 }}. </cite></ref> == Aikin soja ==   Bayan kammala karatunta, Leach ta yi aiki a Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Brooke Army . A shekarar 1961 ta zama ma'aikaciyar jinya a asibitin da ke Fort Dix . A lokacin da take can, ta kuma shiga cikin wani shirin kulawa mai tsanani a Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Fitzsimons Army . A shekarar 1963, ta bar aikinta a Fort Dix ta yi aiki a Asibitin Korar Marasa Lafiya na 121st a Koriya ta Kudu. Ta halarci azuzuwan a Fort Sam Houston daga baya kuma ta zama malami a can. Ta kasance a Fort Sam daga 1964 har zuwa 1967. Bayan 1967, ta koma makarantar digiri na biyu, inda ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin aikin jinya na likitanci daga Makarantar Kula da Marasa Lafiya ta Jami'ar Minnesota . Ta auri James Adams a wannan lokacin; sun [[Saki|sake su]] shekaru biyar bayan haka kuma ta ci gaba da aurenta. <ref name="UNC1"/> Adams ta koyar a Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Sojoji ta Walter Reed tun daga shekarar 1969. Ta zama Daraktan Aikin Jinya a Fort George G. Meade a shekarar 1974. A shekara mai zuwa ta halarci Kwalejin Sojoji ta Amurka da kuma Kwalejin Janar na Ma'aikata, inda ta kammala karatunta a shekarar 1976. Ita ce mace ta farko da ta kammala karatunta daga kwalejin da digiri a fannin fasaha da kimiyya . <ref name="UNC1"/> A shekarar 1978 aka tura ta zuwa [[Frankfurt]], Jamus, inda ta fara aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar shugaba a Sashen Kula da Jinya a Babban Asibitin 97. Ta kai matsayin shugaba lokacin da ta bar asibiti a shekarar 1981. An kara mata girma zuwa Kanar a wannan shekarar. Haka kuma a shekarar 1981, ta auri Heinz Ender. Bayan kammala rangadinta a Jamus, ta koma Amurka. <ref name="UNC1"/> An san ta da Adams-Ender tun daga aurenta, kuma ta gudanar da aikin jinya mai yawa a rundunar sojoji. Ta koma Fort Sheridan kuma ta jagoranci shirin daukar ma'aikatan jinya a can, <ref name="UNC1"/> yayin da take halartar Kwalejin Yaƙin Sojojin Amurka . Ta kammala karatunta a shekarar 1982, dalibar farko 'yar [[Afirkawan Amurka|Afirka ta Amurka]] da ta kammala karatunta daga kwalejin. Ta bar Fort Sheridan a shekarar 1984. <ref name="UNC1" /> Baya ga daukar ma'aikata, ta kuma kasance mai himma wajen neman karin albashi ga ma'aikatan jinya. A shekarar 1991, an zaɓi Adams-Ender a matsayin Kwamandan Janar, Fort Belvoir, Virginia, kuma ta yi aiki a wannan matsayin da kuma na Mataimakiyar Kwamandan Janar na Gundumar Soja ta Amurka da ke Washington har zuwa lokacin da ta yi ritaya a shekarar 1993. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Gen. Clara Adams-Ender's Biography |url=https://www.thehistorymakers.org/biography/gen-clara-adams-ender}}</ref> == Bayan ritaya == Adams-Ender ta yi ritaya daga aikin soja a shekarar 1993 kuma ta fara kamfanin ba da shawara. <ref name="UNC1"/> Ita ce tsohuwar shugabar ƙungiyar Careing About People With Enthusiasm. A shekara ta 2001 ta buga wani littafi mai suna: ''My Rise to the Stars: How a Sharecropper's Diary Became an Army General'' . == Rayuwa ta sirri == Adams-Ender ya musulunta a matsayin [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Gen. Clara Adams-Ender's Biography |url=https://www.thehistorymakers.org/biography/gen-clara-adams-ender}}</ref> [[Zaɓen shugaban ƙasar Amurka a 2024|A zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na Amurka na 2024]], Adams-Ender ya goyi bayan [[Kamala Harris]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Gen. Clara Adams-Ender's Biography |url=https://www.thehistorymakers.org/biography/gen-clara-adams-ender}}</ref> == Daraja == A shekarar 1996, an sanya mata suna ɗaya daga cikin mata 350 da mujallar Working Woman ta wallafa waɗanda suka "canza duniya." Ta sami lambar yabo ta Soja Distinguished Service Medal tare da ƙungiyar ganyen oak guda ɗaya, Legion of Merit, Meritorious Service Medal tare da tarin ganyen oak guda uku, da kuma lambar yabo ta Soja . Adams-Ender ta kuma sami kyautar Roy Wilkins Meritorious Service Award da kuma kyautar Gertrude E. Rush for Leadership. A shekarar 2019, an nada ta a matsayin memba a zauren shahararru na sojojin Amurka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Gen. Clara Adams-Ender's Biography |url=https://www.thehistorymakers.org/biography/gen-clara-adams-ender}}</ref> Adams-Ender memba ne na ƙungiyar Delta Sigma Theta . == Manazarta == ; Ambato [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1939]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 61gwk4ocrx0d1clu5pawe3a9vrdiupq 0 139746 826394 791235 2026-04-26T04:28:55Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826394 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Donita C. Brady''' ƙwararriyar masaniyar ilimin halittar cutar kansa ce kuma Farfesa a fannin ilimin halittar cutar kansa ta shugaban ƙasa a Makarantar Magunguna ta Perelman da ke Jami'ar Pennsylvania . <ref> name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Copper: A 'Novel Vulnerability' in Fighting Cancer – PR News |url=https://www.pennmedicine.org/news/news-blog/2015/december/copper-a-novel-vulnerability-i |access-date=2020-06-10 |website=www.pennmedicine.org |language=en-US}}</ref> <re>name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Stern |first=Corey |title=Donita Brady named as Penn's seventh Presidential Professor |url=https://www.thedp.com/article/2015/04/donita-brady-named-presidential-professor |access-date=2020-06-10 |website=www.thedp.com |language=en-us}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cancer Biologist Donita Brady Appointed Penn Presidential Professor – PR News |url=https://www.pennmedicine.org/news/news-releases/2015/april/cancer-biologist-donita-brady |access-date=2020-06-10 |website=www.pennmedicine.org |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Hinton |first=Antentor O. Jr. |title=100 inspiring black scientists in America |url=http://crosstalk.cell.com/blog/100-inspiring-black-scientists-in-america |access-date=2020-06-10 |website=crosstalk.cell.com |language=en-us}}</ref> Bincikenta ya binciki yadda ƙwayoyin halitta ke sadarwa ta hanyar kinases da kuma gina jiki, musamman ma, babban aikin jan ƙarfe da sauran ƙarfe a cikin waɗannan hulɗar. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == Brady ta girma kusa da Virginia Beach kuma ta sami kwarin gwiwa wajen samun gurbin karatu a fannin Chemistry sakamakon malamarta ta AP Chemistry . Brady ta yi karatun sinadarai a Jami'ar Radford inda ta kammala karatun magna cum laude . <ref> name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Stern |first=Corey |title=Donita Brady named as Penn's seventh Presidential Professor |url=https://www.thedp.com/article/2015/04/donita-brady-named-presidential-professor |access-date=2020-06-10 |website=www.thedp.com |language=en-us}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFStern">Stern, Corey. [https://www.thedp.com/article/2015/04/donita-brady-named-presidential-professor "Donita Brady named as Penn's seventh Presidential Professor"]. ''www.thedp.com''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-06-10</span></span>.</cite></ref> <ref>name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Scholar Award Winners |url=https://www.wgfrf.org/scholars |access-date=2020-06-10 |website=William Guy Forbeck Research Foundation |language=en-US }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref>name=":5">{{Cite web |date=2014-08-21 |title=CURE Scholar Spotlight - Dr. Brady - National Cancer Institute |url=https://www.cancer.gov/about-nci/organization/crchd/blog/2014/brady-spotlight |access-date=2020-08-16 |website=www.cancer.gov |language=en}}</ref> == Sana'a == Brady ta kammala karatun digirin digirgir a [[Ilimin Magunguna|fannin harhada magunguna]] a shekarar 2008 a Jami'ar North Carolina, Chapel Hill a dakin gwaje-gwaje na Adrienne D. Cox. <ref>name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Copper: A 'Novel Vulnerability' in Fighting Cancer – PR News |url=https://www.pennmedicine.org/news/news-blog/2015/december/copper-a-novel-vulnerability-i |access-date=2020-06-10 |website=www.pennmedicine.org |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.pennmedicine.org/news/news-blog/2015/december/copper-a-novel-vulnerability-i "Copper: A 'Novel Vulnerability' in Fighting Cancer – PR News"]. ''www.pennmedicine.org''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-06-10</span></span>.</cite></ref> <ref>name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Stern |first=Corey |title=Donita Brady named as Penn's seventh Presidential Professor |url=https://www.thedp.com/article/2015/04/donita-brady-named-presidential-professor |access-date=2020-06-10 |website=www.thedp.com |language=en-us}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFStern">Stern, Corey. [https://www.thedp.com/article/2015/04/donita-brady-named-presidential-professor "Donita Brady named as Penn's seventh Presidential Professor"]. ''www.thedp.com''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-06-10</span></span>.</cite></ref> <ref> name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Speaker: Cell Symposia: Metabolites as Signalling Molecules |url=https://www.cell-symposia.com/metabolites-2018/bio-brady.asp |access-date=2020-06-10 |website=www.cell-symposia.com}}</ref> A matsayinta na dalibar digirin digirgir, Brady ta yi nazarin yadda ƙwayoyin cutar kansa ke amfani da ayyukan ƙwayoyin halitta na yau da kullun don canza siffarsu. <ref name=":2" /> Bayan kammala karatun, Brady ta zama ɗalibi na uku (2008 - 2013) kuma babbar abokiyar bincike (2013 - 2015) a dakin gwaje-gwaje na Christopher Counter a Makarantar Magunguna ta Jami'ar Duke . <ref name=":0" /> <ref name=":1" /> A shekarar 2015, ta shiga Sashen Ilimin Halittar Ciwon daji a Makarantar Magunguna ta Perelman a Jami'ar Pennsylvania a matsayin mataimakiyar farfesa. <ref name=":2" /> A shekarar 2016, an amince da Brady a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin ƙwararrun Pew Scholars in Biomedical Sciences ta The Pew Charitable Trusts. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cancer Biologist Donita Brady Appointed Penn Presidential Professor – PR News |url=https://www.pennmedicine.org/news/news-releases/2015/april/cancer-biologist-donita-brady |access-date=2020-06-10 |website=www.pennmedicine.org |language=en-US}}</ref> A shekarar 2019, an ba Brady tallafin kuɗi ta Asusun Binciken Ciwon daji na Stuart Scott Memorial don ci gaba da aikinta a binciken PDAC ( [[Ciwon Daji na Pancreatic|pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma]] ). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Hinton |first=Antentor O. Jr. |title=100 inspiring black scientists in America |url=http://crosstalk.cell.com/blog/100-inspiring-black-scientists-in-america |access-date=2020-06-10 |website=crosstalk.cell.com |language=en-us}}</ref> === Abubuwan bincike masu sha'awa === Binciken Brady ya mayar da hankali kan yadda ƙwayoyin halitta ke sadarwa ta hanyar kinases da kuma gina jiki, da kuma babban rawar da ƙarfe kamar jan ƙarfe ke takawa a cikin lafiyar ƙwayoyin halitta da kuma ciwon daji. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Copper: A 'Novel Vulnerability' in Fighting Cancer – PR News |url=https://www.pennmedicine.org/news/news-blog/2015/december/copper-a-novel-vulnerability-i |access-date=2020-06-10 |website=www.pennmedicine.org |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.pennmedicine.org/news/news-blog/2015/december/copper-a-novel-vulnerability-i "Copper: A 'Novel Vulnerability' in Fighting Cancer – PR News"]. ''www.pennmedicine.org''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-06-10</span></span>.</cite></ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Speaker: Cell Symposia: Metabolites as Signalling Molecules |url=https://www.cell-symposia.com/metabolites-2018/bio-brady.asp |access-date=2020-06-10 |website=www.cell-symposia.com}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.cell-symposia.com/metabolites-2018/bio-brady.asp "Speaker: Cell Symposia: Metabolites as Signalling Molecules"]. ''www.cell-symposia.com''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-06-10</span></span>.</cite></ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cancer Biologist Donita Brady Appointed Penn Presidential Professor – PR News |url=https://www.pennmedicine.org/news/news-releases/2015/april/cancer-biologist-donita-brady |access-date=2020-06-10 |website=www.pennmedicine.org |language=en-US}}</ref> Ta gano cewa kinases suna buƙatar jan ƙarfe don ikonsu na aiki. <ref name=":4" /> Brady ta kuma nuna cewa ta hanyar hana wani furotin da ake kira CTR1, wanda ke da alhakin shigo da jan ƙarfe cikin ƙwayoyin halitta, ana iya rage girman ciwon a cikin samfurin linzamin kwamfuta. <ref name=":0" /> === Lambobin yabo da girmamawa === Brady ta sami kyaututtuka da kyaututtuka da dama saboda bincikenta, ciki har da: * Kyautar James Lewis Howe don Nasara Mai Kyau a Kimiyyar Sinadarai - Ƙungiyar Sinadarai ta Amurka (2003) <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=2014-08-21 |title=CURE Scholar Spotlight - Dr. Brady - National Cancer Institute |url=https://www.cancer.gov/about-nci/organization/crchd/blog/2014/brady-spotlight |access-date=2020-08-16 |website=www.cancer.gov |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.cancer.gov/about-nci/organization/crchd/blog/2014/brady-spotlight "CURE Scholar Spotlight - Dr. Brady - National Cancer Institute"]. ''www.cancer.gov''. 2014-08-21<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-08-16</span></span>.</cite></ref> * Kyautar Binciken Ciwon daji ta AACR ta Shekara-shekara <ref name=":5" /> * Masanin CRCHD CURE (2014) <ref name=":5" /> * Pew Scholar a fannin kimiyyar halittu (2016) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Cancer Biologist Donita Brady Appointed Penn Presidential Professor – PR News |url=https://www.pennmedicine.org/news/news-releases/2015/april/cancer-biologist-donita-brady |access-date=2020-06-10 |website=www.pennmedicine.org |language=en-US}}</ref> * Kyautar JBC/Gerb Tabor Young Investigator Award (2016) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Hinton |first=Antentor O. Jr. |title=100 inspiring black scientists in America |url=http://crosstalk.cell.com/blog/100-inspiring-black-scientists-in-america |access-date=2020-06-10 |website=crosstalk.cell.com |language=en-us}}</ref> * Masanin Gidauniyar Bincike ta William Guy Forbeck (2017) <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Scholar Award Winners |url=https://www.wgfrf.org/scholars |access-date=2020-06-10 |website=William Guy Forbeck Research Foundation |language=en-US |archive-date=2020-06-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200610094757/https://www.wgfrf.org/scholars |url-status=dead }}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://www.wgfrf.org/scholars "Scholar Award Winners"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200610094757/https://www.wgfrf.org/scholars |date=2020-06-10 }}. ''William Guy Forbeck Research Foundation''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-06-10</span></span>.</cite></ref> * Kyautar Linda Pechenik Montague Mai Bincike (2018) === Littattafai da aka zaɓa === * Brady, Donita C., da sauransu. "Ana buƙatar jan ƙarfe don siginar BRAF mai haifar da kansa da kuma ciwace-ciwacen daji." ''Nature'' 509.7501 (2014): 492–496. * Brady, Donita C., da sauransu. "Celation na jan ƙarfe yana hana BRAFV600E-driven melanoma kuma yana ƙin juriya ga masu hana BRAFV600E da MEK1/2." ''Binciken Ciwon daji'' 77.22 (2017): 6240–6252. * Sadeghi, Rochelle Shirin. "Fosphorylation na Wnt5a Signaling Induced yana Ƙara Ayyukan Acyl Protein Thioesterase Kuma Yana Haɓaka Halin Metastatic na Melanoma." (2018). * Kim, Ye-Jin, da sauransu. "Ana buƙatar ATOX1 mai kula da jan ƙarfe don siginar MAPK da girma a cikin melanoma mai kama da maye gurbi na BRAF." ''Metallomics'' 11.8 (2019): 1430–1440. * Kim, Ye-Jin, da sauransu. "Hana membobin iyali na BCL2 yana ƙara ingancin chelation na jan ƙarfe a cikin melanoma da BRAFV600E ke tuƙi." ''Binciken Ciwon daji'' 80.7 (2020): 1387–1400. * Tsang, Tiffany, da sauransu. "Copper muhimmin abu ne na daidaita autophagic kinases ULK1/2 don haifar da adenocarcinoma na huhu." ''Nature Cell Biology'' 22.4 (2020): 412–424. == Rayuwa ta sirri == A Jami'ar Radford, Brady ya buga ƙwallon ƙafa ta Division I. <ref name=":3"/> == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://www.med.upenn.edu/bradylab/ Brady Lab] a Makarantar Likitanci ta Perelman * [https://www.med.upenn.edu/apps/faculty/index.php/g275/p8851480 Shafin malamai na Donita Brady] a Jami'ar Pennsylvania == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] e7tjhz23iuff2y40mdoeoj9ll9s06lo 0 139749 826505 791245 2026-04-26T07:37:54Z Mahuta 11340 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1347090059|Fifty (film)]]" 826505 wikitext text/x-wiki   Fifty fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya na Najeriya na 2015, wanda [[Biyi Bandele]] ya jagoranta kuma aka saki a ranar 18 ga Disamba 2015. <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 October 2015 |title=Mo Abudus film |url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2015/10/29/a-movie-to-see-again-read-the-seyifunmi-ajanakus-review-of-mo-abudus-film-fifty/ |access-date=5 November 2015 |website=bellanaija.com}}</ref> == Makirci == Kashi hamsin sun kama 'yan kwanaki masu mahimmanci na mata huɗu a saman ayyukansu. Tola, Elizabeth, Maria, da Kate abokai ne guda huɗu da aka tilasta a tsakiyar rayuwarsu ta sirri yayin da suke yin aiki da iyali a kan bangarorin unguwanni na [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fifty, the movie filming location |url=http://zegist.com/fifty-the-movie-premiere/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151109065611/http://zegist.com/fifty-the-movie-premiere/ |archive-date=9 November 2015 |access-date=5 November 2015 |website=zegist.com}}</ref> Tola tauraruwar talabijin ce ta gaskiya wacce aurenta da lauya Kunle bai taba samun damar ba saboda asirin iyali mai banƙyama.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cast and crew of Fifty (2015) |url=https://naija2movies.com.ng/movie-fifty-2015/ |access-date=10 September 2025 |website=naija2movies.com.ng}}</ref> Elizabeth sanannen likitan haihuwa ne wanda sha'awar samari ta nisanta ta da 'yarta. Maria, mai shekaru arba'in da tara, tana da alaƙa da wani mutum mai aure wanda ya haifar da ciki ba zato ba tsammani, kuma yakin Kate da cutar da ke barazana ga rayuwa ya sanya ta cikin damuwa ta addini. == Masu ba da labari == === Babban aikin === * [[Iretiola Doyle|Ireti Doyle]] a matsayin Elizabeth, wacce likitan haihuwa ce wacce sha'awar samari ta haifar da damuwa a dangantakarta da 'yarta.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ireti Doyle |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/ireti-doyle/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075238/http://fiftythemovie.com/ireti-doyle/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Dakore Egbuson-Akande|Dakore Akande]] a matsayin Tola, wanda shine tauraron talabijin na gaskiya wanda aurensa da lauya Kunle bai taba samun dama ba saboda asirin iyali mai banƙyama.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dakore Egbuson-Akande |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/dakore-egbuson-akande/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075233/http://fiftythemovie.com/dakore-egbuson-akande/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Omoni Oboli]] a matsayin Maria wacce mace ce mai shekaru arba'in da tara wacce ke da alaƙa da mutumin da ya yi aure wanda ya haifar da ciki ba zato ba tsammani <ref>{{Cite web |title=Omoni Oboli |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/omoni-oboli/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075248/http://fiftythemovie.com/omoni-oboli/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Nse Ikpe-Etim]] a matsayin Kate wacce ke fama da cutar da ke barazana ga rayuwa wacce ta jefa ta cikin damuwa da addini <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nse Ikpe-Etim |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/nse-ikpe-etim/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075644/http://fiftythemovie.com/nse-ikpe-etim/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Wale Ojo]] a matsayin Kunle <ref>{{Cite web |title=Wale Ojo |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/wale-ojo/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075734/http://fiftythemovie.com/wale-ojo/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * Kachi Nnochiri a matsayin Chike <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kachi Nnochiri |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/kachi-nnochiri/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075613/http://fiftythemovie.com/kachi-nnochiri/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Emmanuel Ikubese]] a matsayin Sammy <ref>{{Cite web |title=Emmanuel Ikubese |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/emmanuel-ikubese/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075425/http://fiftythemovie.com/emmanuel-ikubese/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * Kemi 'Lala' Akindoju a matsayin Chi Chi <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kemi Akindoju |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/kemi-lala-akindoju-3/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075801/http://fiftythemovie.com/kemi-lala-akindoju-3/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Timini Egbuson]] a matsayin Jamal <ref>{{Cite web |title=Timini Egbuson |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/timini/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075842/http://fiftythemovie.com/timini/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * Uzor Osimkpa a matsayin Sade <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uzor |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/uzor/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075509/http://fiftythemovie.com/uzor/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> === Taurari na baƙi === * [[Sunny Ade|Sarki Sunny Adé]] a matsayin kansa <ref>{{Cite web |title=King Sunny Ade |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/king-sunny-ade/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075444/http://fiftythemovie.com/king-sunny-ade/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * Femi Kuti a matsayin kansa <ref>{{Cite web |title=Femi Kuti |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/femi-kuti/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075609/http://fiftythemovie.com/femi-kuti/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * Nneka a matsayin kanta <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nneka |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/nneka/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075243/http://fiftythemovie.com/nneka/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Tiwa Savage]] a matsayin kanta <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tiwa Savage |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/tiwa-savage/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075925/http://fiftythemovie.com/tiwa-savage/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Waje]] a matsayin kanta <ref>{{Cite web |title=Waje |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/waje/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075514/http://fiftythemovie.com/waje/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> == Fitarwa == Shugaba na Ebony Life TV [[Mo Abudu]] ne ya samar da fim din.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mo Abudu |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/mo-abudu/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075817/http://fiftythemovie.com/mo-abudu/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> [[Biyi Bandele]] ne ya ba da umarni.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Biyi Bandele |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/biyi-bandele/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075420/http://fiftythemovie.com/biyi-bandele/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> == Saki == Fifty ya fara fitowa a London a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2015, wanda aka sayar da shi a cikin kwanaki hudu, kuma an gudanar da nunawa mai zaman kansa a Legas a wannan watan. Babban Firimiya ya kasance a ranar Lahadi, 13 ga Disamba 2015, a Eko Hotel da Suites . <ref name="Fifty" /> An saki fim din a gidajen silima a ranar 18 ga Disamba 2015. <ref name="Fifty">{{Cite web |date=4 September 2015 |title=Fifty set to film at the London film festival |url=http://ebonylifetv.com/ebonylife-films-debut-feature-movie-fifty-set-to-screen-at-bfi-london-film-festival-in-october/ |access-date=5 November 2015 |website=ebonylifetv.com}}</ref> == Karɓar karɓa mai mahimmanci == <ref>{{Cite web |title=Fifty |url=https://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2016/01/fifty.html |website=Nollywood Reinvented}}</ref>Fim din ya sadu da haɗuwa da sake dubawa mai kyau. Nollywood Reinvented ya kimanta fim din 52% kuma ya nuna rashin abun ciki da zurfinsa == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}} == Haɗin waje == * {{Official website|http://fiftythemovie.com/}} * {{IMDb title|5065500|Fifty}} * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wVFnA30Dob0 "EN: Tattaunawa ta Musamman tare da Darakta Biyi Bandele, Cast & Crew Of Movie 'Fifty' 19/12/15"], Channels Television, 19 Disamba 2015. {{Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Sound|state=expanded}} poo5b703hbqx77hffc0uy15w6mdaoy3 826507 826505 2026-04-26T07:38:15Z Mahuta 11340 826507 wikitext text/x-wiki   Fifty fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya na Najeriya na shekarar 2015, wanda [[Biyi Bandele]] ya jagoranta kuma aka saki a ranar 18 ga Disamba 2015. <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 October 2015 |title=Mo Abudus film |url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2015/10/29/a-movie-to-see-again-read-the-seyifunmi-ajanakus-review-of-mo-abudus-film-fifty/ |access-date=5 November 2015 |website=bellanaija.com}}</ref> == Makirci == Kashi hamsin sun kama 'yan kwanaki masu mahimmanci na mata huɗu a saman ayyukansu. Tola, Elizabeth, Maria, da Kate abokai ne guda huɗu da aka tilasta a tsakiyar rayuwarsu ta sirri yayin da suke yin aiki da iyali a kan bangarorin unguwanni na [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fifty, the movie filming location |url=http://zegist.com/fifty-the-movie-premiere/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151109065611/http://zegist.com/fifty-the-movie-premiere/ |archive-date=9 November 2015 |access-date=5 November 2015 |website=zegist.com}}</ref> Tola tauraruwar talabijin ce ta gaskiya wacce aurenta da lauya Kunle bai taba samun damar ba saboda asirin iyali mai banƙyama.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cast and crew of Fifty (2015) |url=https://naija2movies.com.ng/movie-fifty-2015/ |access-date=10 September 2025 |website=naija2movies.com.ng}}</ref> Elizabeth sanannen likitan haihuwa ne wanda sha'awar samari ta nisanta ta da 'yarta. Maria, mai shekaru arba'in da tara, tana da alaƙa da wani mutum mai aure wanda ya haifar da ciki ba zato ba tsammani, kuma yakin Kate da cutar da ke barazana ga rayuwa ya sanya ta cikin damuwa ta addini. == Masu ba da labari == === Babban aikin === * [[Iretiola Doyle|Ireti Doyle]] a matsayin Elizabeth, wacce likitan haihuwa ce wacce sha'awar samari ta haifar da damuwa a dangantakarta da 'yarta.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ireti Doyle |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/ireti-doyle/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075238/http://fiftythemovie.com/ireti-doyle/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Dakore Egbuson-Akande|Dakore Akande]] a matsayin Tola, wanda shine tauraron talabijin na gaskiya wanda aurensa da lauya Kunle bai taba samun dama ba saboda asirin iyali mai banƙyama.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dakore Egbuson-Akande |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/dakore-egbuson-akande/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075233/http://fiftythemovie.com/dakore-egbuson-akande/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Omoni Oboli]] a matsayin Maria wacce mace ce mai shekaru arba'in da tara wacce ke da alaƙa da mutumin da ya yi aure wanda ya haifar da ciki ba zato ba tsammani <ref>{{Cite web |title=Omoni Oboli |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/omoni-oboli/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075248/http://fiftythemovie.com/omoni-oboli/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Nse Ikpe-Etim]] a matsayin Kate wacce ke fama da cutar da ke barazana ga rayuwa wacce ta jefa ta cikin damuwa da addini <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nse Ikpe-Etim |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/nse-ikpe-etim/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075644/http://fiftythemovie.com/nse-ikpe-etim/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Wale Ojo]] a matsayin Kunle <ref>{{Cite web |title=Wale Ojo |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/wale-ojo/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075734/http://fiftythemovie.com/wale-ojo/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * Kachi Nnochiri a matsayin Chike <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kachi Nnochiri |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/kachi-nnochiri/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075613/http://fiftythemovie.com/kachi-nnochiri/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Emmanuel Ikubese]] a matsayin Sammy <ref>{{Cite web |title=Emmanuel Ikubese |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/emmanuel-ikubese/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075425/http://fiftythemovie.com/emmanuel-ikubese/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * Kemi 'Lala' Akindoju a matsayin Chi Chi <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kemi Akindoju |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/kemi-lala-akindoju-3/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075801/http://fiftythemovie.com/kemi-lala-akindoju-3/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Timini Egbuson]] a matsayin Jamal <ref>{{Cite web |title=Timini Egbuson |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/timini/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075842/http://fiftythemovie.com/timini/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * Uzor Osimkpa a matsayin Sade <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uzor |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/uzor/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075509/http://fiftythemovie.com/uzor/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> === Taurari na baƙi === * [[Sunny Ade|Sarki Sunny Adé]] a matsayin kansa <ref>{{Cite web |title=King Sunny Ade |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/king-sunny-ade/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075444/http://fiftythemovie.com/king-sunny-ade/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * Femi Kuti a matsayin kansa <ref>{{Cite web |title=Femi Kuti |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/femi-kuti/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075609/http://fiftythemovie.com/femi-kuti/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * Nneka a matsayin kanta <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nneka |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/nneka/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075243/http://fiftythemovie.com/nneka/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Tiwa Savage]] a matsayin kanta <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tiwa Savage |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/tiwa-savage/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075925/http://fiftythemovie.com/tiwa-savage/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Waje]] a matsayin kanta <ref>{{Cite web |title=Waje |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/waje/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075514/http://fiftythemovie.com/waje/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> == Fitarwa == Shugaba na Ebony Life TV [[Mo Abudu]] ne ya samar da fim din.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mo Abudu |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/mo-abudu/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075817/http://fiftythemovie.com/mo-abudu/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> [[Biyi Bandele]] ne ya ba da umarni.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Biyi Bandele |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/biyi-bandele/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075420/http://fiftythemovie.com/biyi-bandele/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> == Saki == Fifty ya fara fitowa a London a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2015, wanda aka sayar da shi a cikin kwanaki hudu, kuma an gudanar da nunawa mai zaman kansa a Legas a wannan watan. Babban Firimiya ya kasance a ranar Lahadi, 13 ga Disamba 2015, a Eko Hotel da Suites . <ref name="Fifty" /> An saki fim din a gidajen silima a ranar 18 ga Disamba 2015. <ref name="Fifty">{{Cite web |date=4 September 2015 |title=Fifty set to film at the London film festival |url=http://ebonylifetv.com/ebonylife-films-debut-feature-movie-fifty-set-to-screen-at-bfi-london-film-festival-in-october/ |access-date=5 November 2015 |website=ebonylifetv.com}}</ref> == Karɓar karɓa mai mahimmanci == <ref>{{Cite web |title=Fifty |url=https://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2016/01/fifty.html |website=Nollywood Reinvented}}</ref>Fim din ya sadu da haɗuwa da sake dubawa mai kyau. Nollywood Reinvented ya kimanta fim din 52% kuma ya nuna rashin abun ciki da zurfinsa == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}} == Haɗin waje == * {{Official website|http://fiftythemovie.com/}} * {{IMDb title|5065500|Fifty}} * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wVFnA30Dob0 "EN: Tattaunawa ta Musamman tare da Darakta Biyi Bandele, Cast & Crew Of Movie 'Fifty' 19/12/15"], Channels Television, 19 Disamba 2015. {{Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Sound|state=expanded}} i5b5w2xlelvbzlq1sb3jdgml0b4vsu5 826510 826507 2026-04-26T07:38:41Z Mahuta 11340 /* Makirci */ 826510 wikitext text/x-wiki   Fifty fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya na Najeriya na shekarar 2015, wanda [[Biyi Bandele]] ya jagoranta kuma aka saki a ranar 18 ga Disamba 2015. <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 October 2015 |title=Mo Abudus film |url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2015/10/29/a-movie-to-see-again-read-the-seyifunmi-ajanakus-review-of-mo-abudus-film-fifty/ |access-date=5 November 2015 |website=bellanaija.com}}</ref> == Makirci == Kashi hamsin sun kama 'yan kwanaki masu mahimmanci na mata huɗu a saman ayyukansu. Tola, Elizabeth, Maria, da Kate abokai ne guda huɗu da aka tilasta a tsakiyar rayuwarsu ta sirri yayin da suke yin aiki da iyali a kan bangarorin unguwanni na [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fifty, the movie filming location |url=http://zegist.com/fifty-the-movie-premiere/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151109065611/http://zegist.com/fifty-the-movie-premiere/ |archive-date=9 November 2015 |access-date=5 November 2015 |website=zegist.com}}</ref> Tola tauraruwar talabijin ce ta gaskiya wacce aurenta da lauya Kunle bai taba samun damar ba saboda asirin iyali mai banƙyama.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cast and crew of Fifty (2015) |url=https://naija2movies.com.ng/movie-fifty-2015/ |access-date=10 September 2025 |website=naija2movies.com.ng}}</ref> Elizabeth sanannen likitan haihuwa ne wanda sha'awar samari ta nisanta ta da 'yarta. Maria, mai shekaru arba'in da tara, tana da kuma alaƙa da wani mutum mai aure wanda ya haifar da ciki ba zato ba tsammani, kuma yakin Kate da cutar da ke barazana ga rayuwa ya sanya ta cikin damuwa ta addini. == Masu ba da labari == === Babban aikin === * [[Iretiola Doyle|Ireti Doyle]] a matsayin Elizabeth, wacce likitan haihuwa ce wacce sha'awar samari ta haifar da damuwa a dangantakarta da 'yarta.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ireti Doyle |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/ireti-doyle/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075238/http://fiftythemovie.com/ireti-doyle/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Dakore Egbuson-Akande|Dakore Akande]] a matsayin Tola, wanda shine tauraron talabijin na gaskiya wanda aurensa da lauya Kunle bai taba samun dama ba saboda asirin iyali mai banƙyama.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dakore Egbuson-Akande |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/dakore-egbuson-akande/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075233/http://fiftythemovie.com/dakore-egbuson-akande/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Omoni Oboli]] a matsayin Maria wacce mace ce mai shekaru arba'in da tara wacce ke da alaƙa da mutumin da ya yi aure wanda ya haifar da ciki ba zato ba tsammani <ref>{{Cite web |title=Omoni Oboli |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/omoni-oboli/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075248/http://fiftythemovie.com/omoni-oboli/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Nse Ikpe-Etim]] a matsayin Kate wacce ke fama da cutar da ke barazana ga rayuwa wacce ta jefa ta cikin damuwa da addini <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nse Ikpe-Etim |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/nse-ikpe-etim/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075644/http://fiftythemovie.com/nse-ikpe-etim/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Wale Ojo]] a matsayin Kunle <ref>{{Cite web |title=Wale Ojo |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/wale-ojo/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075734/http://fiftythemovie.com/wale-ojo/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * Kachi Nnochiri a matsayin Chike <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kachi Nnochiri |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/kachi-nnochiri/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075613/http://fiftythemovie.com/kachi-nnochiri/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Emmanuel Ikubese]] a matsayin Sammy <ref>{{Cite web |title=Emmanuel Ikubese |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/emmanuel-ikubese/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075425/http://fiftythemovie.com/emmanuel-ikubese/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * Kemi 'Lala' Akindoju a matsayin Chi Chi <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kemi Akindoju |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/kemi-lala-akindoju-3/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075801/http://fiftythemovie.com/kemi-lala-akindoju-3/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Timini Egbuson]] a matsayin Jamal <ref>{{Cite web |title=Timini Egbuson |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/timini/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075842/http://fiftythemovie.com/timini/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * Uzor Osimkpa a matsayin Sade <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uzor |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/uzor/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075509/http://fiftythemovie.com/uzor/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> === Taurari na baƙi === * [[Sunny Ade|Sarki Sunny Adé]] a matsayin kansa <ref>{{Cite web |title=King Sunny Ade |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/king-sunny-ade/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075444/http://fiftythemovie.com/king-sunny-ade/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * Femi Kuti a matsayin kansa <ref>{{Cite web |title=Femi Kuti |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/femi-kuti/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075609/http://fiftythemovie.com/femi-kuti/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * Nneka a matsayin kanta <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nneka |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/nneka/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075243/http://fiftythemovie.com/nneka/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Tiwa Savage]] a matsayin kanta <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tiwa Savage |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/tiwa-savage/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075925/http://fiftythemovie.com/tiwa-savage/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Waje]] a matsayin kanta <ref>{{Cite web |title=Waje |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/waje/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075514/http://fiftythemovie.com/waje/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> == Fitarwa == Shugaba na Ebony Life TV [[Mo Abudu]] ne ya samar da fim din.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mo Abudu |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/mo-abudu/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075817/http://fiftythemovie.com/mo-abudu/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> [[Biyi Bandele]] ne ya ba da umarni.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Biyi Bandele |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/biyi-bandele/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075420/http://fiftythemovie.com/biyi-bandele/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> == Saki == Fifty ya fara fitowa a London a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2015, wanda aka sayar da shi a cikin kwanaki hudu, kuma an gudanar da nunawa mai zaman kansa a Legas a wannan watan. Babban Firimiya ya kasance a ranar Lahadi, 13 ga Disamba 2015, a Eko Hotel da Suites . <ref name="Fifty" /> An saki fim din a gidajen silima a ranar 18 ga Disamba 2015. <ref name="Fifty">{{Cite web |date=4 September 2015 |title=Fifty set to film at the London film festival |url=http://ebonylifetv.com/ebonylife-films-debut-feature-movie-fifty-set-to-screen-at-bfi-london-film-festival-in-october/ |access-date=5 November 2015 |website=ebonylifetv.com}}</ref> == Karɓar karɓa mai mahimmanci == <ref>{{Cite web |title=Fifty |url=https://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2016/01/fifty.html |website=Nollywood Reinvented}}</ref>Fim din ya sadu da haɗuwa da sake dubawa mai kyau. Nollywood Reinvented ya kimanta fim din 52% kuma ya nuna rashin abun ciki da zurfinsa == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}} == Haɗin waje == * {{Official website|http://fiftythemovie.com/}} * {{IMDb title|5065500|Fifty}} * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wVFnA30Dob0 "EN: Tattaunawa ta Musamman tare da Darakta Biyi Bandele, Cast & Crew Of Movie 'Fifty' 19/12/15"], Channels Television, 19 Disamba 2015. {{Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Sound|state=expanded}} lk62od4kpkinyaos2dc3bekxclq9tdl 826516 826510 2026-04-26T07:39:53Z Mahuta 11340 826516 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Fifty fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya na Najeriya na shekarar 2015, wanda [[Biyi Bandele]] ya jagoranta kuma aka saki a ranar 18 ga Disamba 2015. <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 October 2015 |title=Mo Abudus film |url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2015/10/29/a-movie-to-see-again-read-the-seyifunmi-ajanakus-review-of-mo-abudus-film-fifty/ |access-date=5 November 2015 |website=bellanaija.com}}</ref> == Makirci == Kashi hamsin sun kama 'yan kwanaki masu mahimmanci na mata huɗu a saman ayyukansu. Tola, Elizabeth, Maria, da Kate abokai ne guda huɗu da aka tilasta a tsakiyar rayuwarsu ta sirri yayin da suke yin aiki da iyali a kan bangarorin unguwanni na [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fifty, the movie filming location |url=http://zegist.com/fifty-the-movie-premiere/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151109065611/http://zegist.com/fifty-the-movie-premiere/ |archive-date=9 November 2015 |access-date=5 November 2015 |website=zegist.com}}</ref> Tola tauraruwar talabijin ce ta gaskiya wacce aurenta da lauya Kunle bai taba samun damar ba saboda asirin iyali mai banƙyama.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cast and crew of Fifty (2015) |url=https://naija2movies.com.ng/movie-fifty-2015/ |access-date=10 September 2025 |website=naija2movies.com.ng}}</ref> Elizabeth sanannen likitan haihuwa ne wanda sha'awar samari ta nisanta ta da 'yarta. Maria, mai shekaru arba'in da tara, tana da kuma alaƙa da wani mutum mai aure wanda ya haifar da ciki ba zato ba tsammani, kuma yakin Kate da cutar da ke barazana ga rayuwa ya sanya ta cikin damuwa ta addini. == Masu ba da labari == === Babban aikin === * [[Iretiola Doyle|Ireti Doyle]] a matsayin Elizabeth, wacce likitan haihuwa ce wacce sha'awar samari ta haifar da damuwa a dangantakarta da 'yarta.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ireti Doyle |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/ireti-doyle/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075238/http://fiftythemovie.com/ireti-doyle/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Dakore Egbuson-Akande|Dakore Akande]] a matsayin Tola, wanda shine tauraron talabijin na gaskiya wanda aurensa da lauya Kunle bai taba samun dama ba saboda asirin iyali mai banƙyama.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dakore Egbuson-Akande |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/dakore-egbuson-akande/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075233/http://fiftythemovie.com/dakore-egbuson-akande/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Omoni Oboli]] a matsayin Maria wacce mace ce mai shekaru arba'in da tara wacce ke da alaƙa da mutumin da ya yi aure wanda ya haifar da ciki ba zato ba tsammani <ref>{{Cite web |title=Omoni Oboli |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/omoni-oboli/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075248/http://fiftythemovie.com/omoni-oboli/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Nse Ikpe-Etim]] a matsayin Kate wacce ke fama da cutar da ke barazana ga rayuwa wacce ta jefa ta cikin damuwa da addini <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nse Ikpe-Etim |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/nse-ikpe-etim/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075644/http://fiftythemovie.com/nse-ikpe-etim/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Wale Ojo]] a matsayin Kunle <ref>{{Cite web |title=Wale Ojo |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/wale-ojo/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075734/http://fiftythemovie.com/wale-ojo/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * Kachi Nnochiri a matsayin Chike <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kachi Nnochiri |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/kachi-nnochiri/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075613/http://fiftythemovie.com/kachi-nnochiri/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Emmanuel Ikubese]] a matsayin Sammy <ref>{{Cite web |title=Emmanuel Ikubese |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/emmanuel-ikubese/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075425/http://fiftythemovie.com/emmanuel-ikubese/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * Kemi 'Lala' Akindoju a matsayin Chi Chi <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kemi Akindoju |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/kemi-lala-akindoju-3/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075801/http://fiftythemovie.com/kemi-lala-akindoju-3/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Timini Egbuson]] a matsayin Jamal <ref>{{Cite web |title=Timini Egbuson |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/timini/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075842/http://fiftythemovie.com/timini/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * Uzor Osimkpa a matsayin Sade <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uzor |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/uzor/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075509/http://fiftythemovie.com/uzor/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> === Taurari na baƙi === * [[Sunny Ade|Sarki Sunny Adé]] a matsayin kansa <ref>{{Cite web |title=King Sunny Ade |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/king-sunny-ade/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075444/http://fiftythemovie.com/king-sunny-ade/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * Femi Kuti a matsayin kansa <ref>{{Cite web |title=Femi Kuti |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/femi-kuti/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075609/http://fiftythemovie.com/femi-kuti/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * Nneka a matsayin kanta <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nneka |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/nneka/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075243/http://fiftythemovie.com/nneka/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Tiwa Savage]] a matsayin kanta <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tiwa Savage |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/tiwa-savage/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075925/http://fiftythemovie.com/tiwa-savage/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Waje]] a matsayin kanta <ref>{{Cite web |title=Waje |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/waje/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075514/http://fiftythemovie.com/waje/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> == Fitarwa == Shugaba na Ebony Life TV [[Mo Abudu]] ne ya samar da fim din.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mo Abudu |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/mo-abudu/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075817/http://fiftythemovie.com/mo-abudu/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> [[Biyi Bandele]] ne ya ba da umarni.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Biyi Bandele |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/biyi-bandele/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075420/http://fiftythemovie.com/biyi-bandele/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> == Saki == Fifty ya fara fitowa a London a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2015, wanda aka sayar da shi a cikin kwanaki hudu, kuma an gudanar da nunawa mai zaman kansa a Legas a wannan watan. Babban Firimiya ya kasance a ranar Lahadi, 13 ga Disamba 2015, a Eko Hotel da Suites . <ref name="Fifty" /> An saki fim din a gidajen silima a ranar 18 ga Disamba 2015. <ref name="Fifty">{{Cite web |date=4 September 2015 |title=Fifty set to film at the London film festival |url=http://ebonylifetv.com/ebonylife-films-debut-feature-movie-fifty-set-to-screen-at-bfi-london-film-festival-in-october/ |access-date=5 November 2015 |website=ebonylifetv.com}}</ref> == Karɓar karɓa mai mahimmanci == <ref>{{Cite web |title=Fifty |url=https://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2016/01/fifty.html |website=Nollywood Reinvented}}</ref>Fim din ya sadu da haɗuwa da sake dubawa mai kyau. Nollywood Reinvented ya kimanta fim din 52% kuma ya nuna rashin abun ciki da zurfinsa == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}} == Haɗin waje == * {{Official website|http://fiftythemovie.com/}} * {{IMDb title|5065500|Fifty}} * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wVFnA30Dob0 "EN: Tattaunawa ta Musamman tare da Darakta Biyi Bandele, Cast & Crew Of Movie 'Fifty' 19/12/15"], Channels Television, 19 Disamba 2015. {{Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Sound|state=expanded}} q27nlp8v8c8eipi549kw6mpr4qly422 826518 826516 2026-04-26T07:40:14Z Mahuta 11340 826518 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Fifty fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya na Najeriya na shekarar 2015, wanda [[Biyi Bandele]] ya jagoranta kuma aka saki a ranar 18 ga Disamban shekarar 2015. <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 October 2015 |title=Mo Abudus film |url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2015/10/29/a-movie-to-see-again-read-the-seyifunmi-ajanakus-review-of-mo-abudus-film-fifty/ |access-date=5 November 2015 |website=bellanaija.com}}</ref> == Makirci == Kashi hamsin sun kama 'yan kwanaki masu mahimmanci na mata huɗu a saman ayyukansu. Tola, Elizabeth, Maria, da Kate abokai ne guda huɗu da aka tilasta a tsakiyar rayuwarsu ta sirri yayin da suke yin aiki da iyali a kan bangarorin unguwanni na [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fifty, the movie filming location |url=http://zegist.com/fifty-the-movie-premiere/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151109065611/http://zegist.com/fifty-the-movie-premiere/ |archive-date=9 November 2015 |access-date=5 November 2015 |website=zegist.com}}</ref> Tola tauraruwar talabijin ce ta gaskiya wacce aurenta da lauya Kunle bai taba samun damar ba saboda asirin iyali mai banƙyama.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cast and crew of Fifty (2015) |url=https://naija2movies.com.ng/movie-fifty-2015/ |access-date=10 September 2025 |website=naija2movies.com.ng}}</ref> Elizabeth sanannen likitan haihuwa ne wanda sha'awar samari ta nisanta ta da 'yarta. Maria, mai shekaru arba'in da tara, tana da kuma alaƙa da wani mutum mai aure wanda ya haifar da ciki ba zato ba tsammani, kuma yakin Kate da cutar da ke barazana ga rayuwa ya sanya ta cikin damuwa ta addini. == Masu ba da labari == === Babban aikin === * [[Iretiola Doyle|Ireti Doyle]] a matsayin Elizabeth, wacce likitan haihuwa ce wacce sha'awar samari ta haifar da damuwa a dangantakarta da 'yarta.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ireti Doyle |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/ireti-doyle/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075238/http://fiftythemovie.com/ireti-doyle/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Dakore Egbuson-Akande|Dakore Akande]] a matsayin Tola, wanda shine tauraron talabijin na gaskiya wanda aurensa da lauya Kunle bai taba samun dama ba saboda asirin iyali mai banƙyama.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dakore Egbuson-Akande |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/dakore-egbuson-akande/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075233/http://fiftythemovie.com/dakore-egbuson-akande/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Omoni Oboli]] a matsayin Maria wacce mace ce mai shekaru arba'in da tara wacce ke da alaƙa da mutumin da ya yi aure wanda ya haifar da ciki ba zato ba tsammani <ref>{{Cite web |title=Omoni Oboli |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/omoni-oboli/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075248/http://fiftythemovie.com/omoni-oboli/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Nse Ikpe-Etim]] a matsayin Kate wacce ke fama da cutar da ke barazana ga rayuwa wacce ta jefa ta cikin damuwa da addini <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nse Ikpe-Etim |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/nse-ikpe-etim/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075644/http://fiftythemovie.com/nse-ikpe-etim/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Wale Ojo]] a matsayin Kunle <ref>{{Cite web |title=Wale Ojo |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/wale-ojo/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075734/http://fiftythemovie.com/wale-ojo/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * Kachi Nnochiri a matsayin Chike <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kachi Nnochiri |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/kachi-nnochiri/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075613/http://fiftythemovie.com/kachi-nnochiri/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Emmanuel Ikubese]] a matsayin Sammy <ref>{{Cite web |title=Emmanuel Ikubese |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/emmanuel-ikubese/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075425/http://fiftythemovie.com/emmanuel-ikubese/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * Kemi 'Lala' Akindoju a matsayin Chi Chi <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kemi Akindoju |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/kemi-lala-akindoju-3/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075801/http://fiftythemovie.com/kemi-lala-akindoju-3/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Timini Egbuson]] a matsayin Jamal <ref>{{Cite web |title=Timini Egbuson |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/timini/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075842/http://fiftythemovie.com/timini/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * Uzor Osimkpa a matsayin Sade <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uzor |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/uzor/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075509/http://fiftythemovie.com/uzor/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> === Taurari na baƙi === * [[Sunny Ade|Sarki Sunny Adé]] a matsayin kansa <ref>{{Cite web |title=King Sunny Ade |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/king-sunny-ade/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075444/http://fiftythemovie.com/king-sunny-ade/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * Femi Kuti a matsayin kansa <ref>{{Cite web |title=Femi Kuti |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/femi-kuti/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075609/http://fiftythemovie.com/femi-kuti/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * Nneka a matsayin kanta <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nneka |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/nneka/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075243/http://fiftythemovie.com/nneka/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Tiwa Savage]] a matsayin kanta <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tiwa Savage |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/tiwa-savage/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075925/http://fiftythemovie.com/tiwa-savage/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Waje]] a matsayin kanta <ref>{{Cite web |title=Waje |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/waje/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075514/http://fiftythemovie.com/waje/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> == Fitarwa == Shugaba na Ebony Life TV [[Mo Abudu]] ne ya samar da fim din.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mo Abudu |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/mo-abudu/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075817/http://fiftythemovie.com/mo-abudu/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> [[Biyi Bandele]] ne ya ba da umarni.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Biyi Bandele |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/biyi-bandele/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075420/http://fiftythemovie.com/biyi-bandele/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> == Saki == Fifty ya fara fitowa a London a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2015, wanda aka sayar da shi a cikin kwanaki hudu, kuma an gudanar da nunawa mai zaman kansa a Legas a wannan watan. Babban Firimiya ya kasance a ranar Lahadi, 13 ga Disamba 2015, a Eko Hotel da Suites . <ref name="Fifty" /> An saki fim din a gidajen silima a ranar 18 ga Disamba 2015. <ref name="Fifty">{{Cite web |date=4 September 2015 |title=Fifty set to film at the London film festival |url=http://ebonylifetv.com/ebonylife-films-debut-feature-movie-fifty-set-to-screen-at-bfi-london-film-festival-in-october/ |access-date=5 November 2015 |website=ebonylifetv.com}}</ref> == Karɓar karɓa mai mahimmanci == <ref>{{Cite web |title=Fifty |url=https://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2016/01/fifty.html |website=Nollywood Reinvented}}</ref>Fim din ya sadu da haɗuwa da sake dubawa mai kyau. Nollywood Reinvented ya kimanta fim din 52% kuma ya nuna rashin abun ciki da zurfinsa == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}} == Haɗin waje == * {{Official website|http://fiftythemovie.com/}} * {{IMDb title|5065500|Fifty}} * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wVFnA30Dob0 "EN: Tattaunawa ta Musamman tare da Darakta Biyi Bandele, Cast & Crew Of Movie 'Fifty' 19/12/15"], Channels Television, 19 Disamba 2015. {{Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Sound|state=expanded}} jicrg08jtwoi0bejzgv99xhn7rhvgrh 826520 826518 2026-04-26T07:40:34Z Mahuta 11340 /* Makirci */ 826520 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Fifty fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya na Najeriya na shekarar 2015, wanda [[Biyi Bandele]] ya jagoranta kuma aka saki a ranar 18 ga Disamban shekarar 2015. <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 October 2015 |title=Mo Abudus film |url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2015/10/29/a-movie-to-see-again-read-the-seyifunmi-ajanakus-review-of-mo-abudus-film-fifty/ |access-date=5 November 2015 |website=bellanaija.com}}</ref> == Makirci == Kashi hamsin sun kama ƴan kwanaki masu mahimmanci na mata huɗu a saman ayyukansu. Tola, Elizabeth, Maria, da Kate abokai ne guda huɗu da aka tilasta a tsakiyar rayuwarsu ta sirri yayin da suke yin aiki da iyali a kan bangarorin unguwanni na [[Lagos (birni)|Legas]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fifty, the movie filming location |url=http://zegist.com/fifty-the-movie-premiere/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151109065611/http://zegist.com/fifty-the-movie-premiere/ |archive-date=9 November 2015 |access-date=5 November 2015 |website=zegist.com}}</ref> Tola tauraruwar talabijin ce ta gaskiya wacce aurenta da lauya Kunle bai taba samun damar ba saboda asirin iyali mai banƙyama.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cast and crew of Fifty (2015) |url=https://naija2movies.com.ng/movie-fifty-2015/ |access-date=10 September 2025 |website=naija2movies.com.ng}}</ref> Elizabeth sanannen likitan haihuwa ne wanda sha'awar samari ta nisanta ta da 'yarta. Maria, mai shekaru arba'in da tara, tana da kuma alaƙa da wani mutum mai aure wanda ya haifar da ciki ba zato ba tsammani, kuma yakin Kate da cutar da ke barazana ga rayuwa ya sanya ta cikin damuwa ta addini. == Masu ba da labari == === Babban aikin === * [[Iretiola Doyle|Ireti Doyle]] a matsayin Elizabeth, wacce likitan haihuwa ce wacce sha'awar samari ta haifar da damuwa a dangantakarta da 'yarta.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ireti Doyle |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/ireti-doyle/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075238/http://fiftythemovie.com/ireti-doyle/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Dakore Egbuson-Akande|Dakore Akande]] a matsayin Tola, wanda shine tauraron talabijin na gaskiya wanda aurensa da lauya Kunle bai taba samun dama ba saboda asirin iyali mai banƙyama.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dakore Egbuson-Akande |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/dakore-egbuson-akande/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075233/http://fiftythemovie.com/dakore-egbuson-akande/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Omoni Oboli]] a matsayin Maria wacce mace ce mai shekaru arba'in da tara wacce ke da alaƙa da mutumin da ya yi aure wanda ya haifar da ciki ba zato ba tsammani <ref>{{Cite web |title=Omoni Oboli |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/omoni-oboli/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075248/http://fiftythemovie.com/omoni-oboli/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Nse Ikpe-Etim]] a matsayin Kate wacce ke fama da cutar da ke barazana ga rayuwa wacce ta jefa ta cikin damuwa da addini <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nse Ikpe-Etim |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/nse-ikpe-etim/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075644/http://fiftythemovie.com/nse-ikpe-etim/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Wale Ojo]] a matsayin Kunle <ref>{{Cite web |title=Wale Ojo |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/wale-ojo/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075734/http://fiftythemovie.com/wale-ojo/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * Kachi Nnochiri a matsayin Chike <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kachi Nnochiri |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/kachi-nnochiri/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075613/http://fiftythemovie.com/kachi-nnochiri/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Emmanuel Ikubese]] a matsayin Sammy <ref>{{Cite web |title=Emmanuel Ikubese |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/emmanuel-ikubese/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075425/http://fiftythemovie.com/emmanuel-ikubese/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * Kemi 'Lala' Akindoju a matsayin Chi Chi <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kemi Akindoju |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/kemi-lala-akindoju-3/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075801/http://fiftythemovie.com/kemi-lala-akindoju-3/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Timini Egbuson]] a matsayin Jamal <ref>{{Cite web |title=Timini Egbuson |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/timini/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075842/http://fiftythemovie.com/timini/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * Uzor Osimkpa a matsayin Sade <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uzor |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/uzor/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075509/http://fiftythemovie.com/uzor/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> === Taurari na baƙi === * [[Sunny Ade|Sarki Sunny Adé]] a matsayin kansa <ref>{{Cite web |title=King Sunny Ade |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/king-sunny-ade/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075444/http://fiftythemovie.com/king-sunny-ade/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * Femi Kuti a matsayin kansa <ref>{{Cite web |title=Femi Kuti |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/femi-kuti/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075609/http://fiftythemovie.com/femi-kuti/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * Nneka a matsayin kanta <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nneka |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/nneka/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075243/http://fiftythemovie.com/nneka/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Tiwa Savage]] a matsayin kanta <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tiwa Savage |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/tiwa-savage/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075925/http://fiftythemovie.com/tiwa-savage/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> * [[Waje]] a matsayin kanta <ref>{{Cite web |title=Waje |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/waje/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075514/http://fiftythemovie.com/waje/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> == Fitarwa == Shugaba na Ebony Life TV [[Mo Abudu]] ne ya samar da fim din.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mo Abudu |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/mo-abudu/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075817/http://fiftythemovie.com/mo-abudu/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> [[Biyi Bandele]] ne ya ba da umarni.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Biyi Bandele |url=http://fiftythemovie.com/biyi-bandele/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907075420/http://fiftythemovie.com/biyi-bandele/ |archive-date=7 September 2015 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=fiftythemovie.com}}</ref> == Saki == Fifty ya fara fitowa a London a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 2015, wanda aka sayar da shi a cikin kwanaki hudu, kuma an gudanar da nunawa mai zaman kansa a Legas a wannan watan. Babban Firimiya ya kasance a ranar Lahadi, 13 ga Disamba 2015, a Eko Hotel da Suites . <ref name="Fifty" /> An saki fim din a gidajen silima a ranar 18 ga Disamba 2015. <ref name="Fifty">{{Cite web |date=4 September 2015 |title=Fifty set to film at the London film festival |url=http://ebonylifetv.com/ebonylife-films-debut-feature-movie-fifty-set-to-screen-at-bfi-london-film-festival-in-october/ |access-date=5 November 2015 |website=ebonylifetv.com}}</ref> == Karɓar karɓa mai mahimmanci == <ref>{{Cite web |title=Fifty |url=https://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2016/01/fifty.html |website=Nollywood Reinvented}}</ref>Fim din ya sadu da haɗuwa da sake dubawa mai kyau. Nollywood Reinvented ya kimanta fim din 52% kuma ya nuna rashin abun ciki da zurfinsa == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}} == Haɗin waje == * {{Official website|http://fiftythemovie.com/}} * {{IMDb title|5065500|Fifty}} * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wVFnA30Dob0 "EN: Tattaunawa ta Musamman tare da Darakta Biyi Bandele, Cast & Crew Of Movie 'Fifty' 19/12/15"], Channels Television, 19 Disamba 2015. {{Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Sound|state=expanded}} jlbmn8042vxdxokjqiqp7qs1ngm4kcy 0 139757 826367 791284 2026-04-25T21:54:24Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826367 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Denise Boutte (an haife ta a ranar 19 ga Janairu, 1982) 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Amurka. Ta fara fitowa a fim ɗinta na farko a cikin fim ɗin tsoro na 2004 mai suna Death Valley: The Revenge of Bloody Bill, kuma a shekarar 2007 ta fito a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na barkwanci mai suna Why Did I Get Married?. A talabijin, Boutte ta kasance memba na yau da kullun a cikin shirin TBS sitcom Meet the Browns (2009–2011). == Rayuwa da aiki == An haifi Boutte a Maurice, Louisiana, kuma ta kammala karatunta daga Jami'ar Jihar Louisiana . <ref name="hllm">{{Cite web |title=Denise Boutté as Cassandra in Napa Ever After |url=https://www.hallmarkchannel.com/napa-ever-after/cast/denise-boutte |website=Hallmark Channel}}</ref> Daga baya ta koma Dallas, Texas kuma ta fara yin tallan kayan kawa a tallace-tallace na kamfanoni kamar Frito-Lay, Pampers, Fossil da Mary Kay Cosmetics . <ref name="hllm" /> A lokaci guda kuma ta fara yin fim ɗinta na farko wanda ya fito a cikin fim ɗin tsoro na aljanu ''Death Valley: The Revenge of Bloody Bill'' wanda The Asylum ya shirya. Daga baya ta fito a cikin fim ɗin tsoro ''na Way of the Vampire'' (2005) wanda The Asylum ya shirya, da kuma fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo mai suna ''Restraining Order'' (2006) wanda Robin Givens ya shirya. Ta fara fitowa a mataki a matsayin Rachel Robinson a cikin fim ɗin ''National Pastime'' na Fremont Theatre na 2005. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Fremont Centre Theatre |url=https://www.fremontcentretheatre.com/archives/national_pastime.shtml |website=www.fremontcentretheatre.com }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Martinez |first=Julio |date=March 30, 2005 |title=National Pastime |url=https://variety.com/2005/legit/markets-festivals/national-pastime-1200526883/}}</ref> Ta fito a shirye-shiryen shirin talabijin mai suna ''Noah's Arc'', ''Cuts'', ''Everybody Hates Chris'' and ''Girlfriends'', kafin ta sake taka rawar Danielle Calder a wasan kwaikwayo na NBC na rana, ''Days of Our Lives'' a lokacin bazara na 2007. <ref>{{Cite web |date=October 17, 2007 |title=Days of our Lives Newcomers! |url=https://soaps.sheknows.com/days-of-our-lives/news/984/days-of-our-lives-newcomers/}}</ref> A shekara ta 2007, Boutte ta fito a cikin fim ɗin barkwanci mai ''suna Why Did I Get Married?'' na [[Tyler Perry]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Fremont Centre Theatre |url=https://www.fremontcentretheatre.com/archives/national_pastime.shtml |website=www.fremontcentretheatre.com }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Daga baya ta fito a cikin shirinta na sitcom ''Meet the Browns'' a matsayin Sasha Brown daga 2009 zuwa 2011. <ref name="TBS">{{Cite web |title=TBS |url=http://www.tbs.com/stories/story/0,,161828,00.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716194221/http://www.tbs.com/stories/story/0,,161828,00.html |archive-date=2011-07-16 |access-date=2011-03-10}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Martinez |first=Julio |date=March 30, 2005 |title=National Pastime |url=https://variety.com/2005/legit/markets-festivals/national-pastime-1200526883/}}</ref> Tun daga lokacin, Boutte ta fito a cikin fina-finan talabijin da dama, galibi don Lifetime, LMN, TV One da Hallmark Channel, kamar ''Between Sisters'' (2013), ''Where's the Love?'' (2014), ''For the Love of Ruth'' (2015), ''A Rich Christmas'' (2021), ''The Missing'' (2022), ''Game of Deceit'' (2023) da ''A Mother's Intuition'' (2023). A shekara ta 2017 ta fito a fim tare da Penny Johnson Jerald da Brian J. White a cikin shirin TV One pilot ''Media'' kuma ta taka rawar da ta saba yi a kakar wasa ta biyu ta shirin tsoro ''Stan Against Evil'' . <ref>{{Cite web |date=October 17, 2007 |title=Days of our Lives Newcomers! |url=https://soaps.sheknows.com/days-of-our-lives/news/984/days-of-our-lives-newcomers/}}</ref> Ta fito a fim ɗin barkwanci na soyayya ''mai suna The Bounce Back'' (2016), fim ɗin ban dariya ''na Secrets'' (2017), fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo ''mai suna The Choir Director'' (2018) da kuma barkwancin soyayya ''mai suna Couples' Night'' (2018). <ref>{{Cite web |date=February 21, 2018 |title=Secrets &#124; Rotten Tomatoes |url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/secrets_2016 |website=www.rottentomatoes.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Couples' Night &#124; Rotten Tomatoes |url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/couples_night |website=www.rottentomatoes.com}}</ref> Ta taka muhimmiyar rawa a fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na 2018 mai ''suna Her Only Choice'' da kuma fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya mai suna ''Never and Again'' na 2021. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Jackson |first=Panama |date=May 18, 2022 |title='Her Only Choice' is a movie that stars Denise Boutte. This is a Denise Boutte appreciation post |url=https://thegrio.com/2022/05/18/her-only-choice-movie-stars-denise-boutte/ |website=TheGrio}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nickolai |first=Nate |date=August 28, 2018 |title=TV News Roundup: NBC Releases First Act of Fall Drama 'Manifest' |url=https://variety.com/2018/tv/news/nbc-manifest-first-act-1202919229/}}</ref> A talabijin, Boutte ta fito a cikin shirin wasan kwaikwayo na 'yan sanda na Urban Movie Channel, ''Bronx SIU'' daga 2018 zuwa 2019. Ta taka rawar da ta sake kasancewa a matsayin Raven Sinclair a cikin shirin wasan kwaikwayo na laifuka na BET+ ''The Family Business'' daga 2021 zuwa 2022 kuma ta taka rawa a kakar wasa ta biyu ta shirin ''Terror Lake Drive'' a 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Fremont Centre Theatre |url=https://www.fremontcentretheatre.com/archives/national_pastime.shtml |website=www.fremontcentretheatre.com |access-date=2026-02-06 |archive-date=2024-12-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241209025736/https://www.fremontcentretheatre.com/archives/national_pastime.shtml |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Martinez |first=Julio |date=March 30, 2005 |title=National Pastime |url=https://variety.com/2005/legit/markets-festivals/national-pastime-1200526883/}}</ref> Haka kuma a 2022, Boutte ta maye gurbin Leigh-Ann Rose na ɗan lokaci a matsayin Imani Benedict a cikin shirin CBS na rana, ''[[The Young and the Restless|The Young And The Restless]]'' . <ref>{{Cite web |date=October 17, 2007 |title=Days of our Lives Newcomers! |url=https://soaps.sheknows.com/days-of-our-lives/news/984/days-of-our-lives-newcomers/}}</ref> == Fim ɗin fim == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Year !Title !Role !Notes |- | rowspan="2" |2004 |''Death Valley: The Revenge of Bloody Bill'' |Mandy | |- |''A Killer Within'' |Hitchhiker | |- | rowspan="2" |2005 |''Way of the Vampire'' |Arianna | |- |''Black Leather Soles'' |Charlotte |Short |- | rowspan="5" |2006 |''Restraining Order'' |Aunt Dee | |- |''Behind the Smile'' |Lady at Piano | |- |''Only in Your Dreams'' |Andrea |Short |- |''Pieces of Eight'' |Brianna Douglas | |- |''Nola'' |Nola | |- | rowspan="3" |2007 |''Splitting Hairs'' |News Reporter |Short |- |''Sister's Keeper'' |Diane | |- |''Why Did I Get Married?'' |Trina | |- | rowspan="2" |2008 |''Extreme Movie'' |New Tabitha | |- |''15 Minutes of Fame'' |Candy | |- |2010 |''N-Secure'' |Tina Simpson | |- | rowspan="2" |2012 |''To Love and to Cherish'' |Aliyah |Television film |- |''What She Wants for Christmas'' |Marilyn | |- | rowspan="2" |2013 |''Between Sisters'' |Morgan |Television film |- |''Dear Secret Santa'' |Gayle |Television film |- | rowspan="2" |2014 |''For Love or Money'' |Tina | |- |''Where's the Love?'' |Ryan |Television film |- | rowspan="3" |2015 |''Touched'' |Tracey | |- |''For the Love of Ruth'' |Ruth | |- |''Charlotte'' |Catherine |Short |- | rowspan="2" |2016 |''Second Sight'' |Tamara |Television film |- |''The Bounce Back'' |Julie | |- | rowspan="2" |2017 |''Media'' |Danielle Jones |Television film |- |''Secrets'' |Victoria Campbell | |- | rowspan="3" |2018 |''The Choir Director'' |Simone Wilcox | |- |''Couples' Night'' |Sherry | |- |''Her Only Choice'' |Tasha | |- |2020 |''Kombucha Cure'' |Gabriela | |- | rowspan="5" |2021 |''Never and Again'' |Jasmine Washington | |- |''Before I'm Dead'' |Diane | |- |''#Unknown'' |DA Helen Friar | |- |''A Rich Christmas'' |Lauryn Smith | |- |''Christmas with My Ex'' |Alicia | |- |2022 |''The Missing'' |Raina Sidner |Television film |- |2023 |''Napa Ever After'' |Cassandra |Television film |} === Talabijin === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara ! Lakabi ! Matsayin ! Bayanan kula |- | 2004–05 | ''Kwanakin Rayuwarmu'' | Mai masauki, Mai Shirya Bikin Aure | Shirye-shirye 2 |- | rowspan="6" | 2006 | ''Bakin Nuhu'' | Magatakardar Kotu | Kashi na: "An gama har sai ya ƙare" |- | ''Yanka'' | Lisa | Kashi na farko: "Baƙi Kada Ka Fasa" |- | ''Kowa Yana ƙin Chris'' | Misis Johnson | Kashi na: "Kowa Yana Ƙin Ranar Masoya" |- | ''Dokar Boston'' | Mai rahoto #6 | Kashi na farko: "BL: Los Angeles" |- | ''Lokacin Farin Ciki'' | Kit | Kashi na: "Kai! Wannan Bikin Ya Yi Daɗi" |- | ''<nowiki/>'Yan mata'' | Mai hidima | Kashi na farko: "Kawai Joan" |- | rowspan="2" | 2007 | ''Bayanan kula daga ƙarƙashin ciki'' | Sharice | Kashi na: "Matukin jirgi" |- | ''Kwanakin Rayuwarmu'' | Danielle Calder | 'Yan wasan kwaikwayo na yau da kullun |- | 2009–11 | ''Haɗu da Browns'' | Sasha Brown | Manyan 'yan wasan kwaikwayo |- | 2012 | ''Maɓalli &amp;amp; Peele'' | Mata | Kashi na Biyu: "Kashi na Biyu na 2.3" |- | 2013–22 | ''Matasan Adalci'' | Rocket, Lynn Stewart-Pierce, Kyaftin Celestia, Faora, Babban Father Avia (murya) | Baƙo: kakar 2, 'yan wasan kwaikwayo masu maimaitawa: kakar 3–4 <ref name="btva">{{Cite web |title=Denise Boutte (visual voices guide) |url=http://www.behindthevoiceactors.com/Denise-Boutte/ |access-date=May 24, 2024 |publisher=Behind The Voice Actors}}</ref> |- | 2017 | ''Stan Yaƙi da Mugunta'' | Lara Bouchard | 'Yan wasan kwaikwayo masu maimaitawa: Kashi na 2 |- | 2018–19 | ''Cibiyar Nazarin Bronx (SIU)'' | Jasmine | Manyan 'yan wasan kwaikwayo |- | 2021–22 | ''Kasuwancin Iyali'' | Raven Sinclair | 'Yan wasan da suka sake dawowa: Kashi na 3-4 |- | rowspan="2" | 2022 | ''Titin Tafkin Tafki na Terror'' | Mataimakin Magajin Gari | 'Yan wasan kwaikwayo masu maimaitawa: Kashi na 2 |- | ''[[The Young and the Restless|Matasa da Marasa Natsuwa]]'' | Imani Benedict | 'Yan wasan kwaikwayo na yau da kullun |- | 2025 | ''Kasuwancin Iyali: New Orleans'' | Raven Sinclair | |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1982]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] e78q89ho5f0pz65r1hcfrqc3t63moqp 0 140261 826317 793535 2026-04-25T18:27:56Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826317 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Danielle Monique Conway (an haife ta a ranar 26 ga Afrilu, 1968) lauya ce 'yar Amurka kuma mai ilimi. Ta yi aiki a matsayin Shugabar Dokar Penn State Dickinson tun daga shekarar 2019 kuma ƙwararriya ce a fannin dokokin siyan gwamnati da kuma dokokin mallakar fasaha. == Bayani == An haife ta a [[Pennsylvania]], Conway 'yar asalin ƙasar Amurka ce. Ta kammala karatun digiri na farko a fannin Kasuwanci da Kuɗi na Ƙasa da Ƙasa daga Jami'ar New York da ke birnin New York a shekarar 1989, daga baya ta sami digiri ''na uku'' a fannin Shari'a daga Makarantar Shari'a ta Jami'ar Howard da ke Washington, DC, a shekarar 1992 da kuma digiri na biyu a fannin Shari'a daga Makarantar Shari'a ta Jami'ar George Washington da ke Washington, DC, a shekarar 1996, a fannin Shari'ar Sayen Gwamnati da Dokar Muhalli. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Danielle Conway Named Dean of University of Maine School of Law |url=http://mainelaw.maine.edu/2015/01/16/danielle-conway/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150316232928/http://mainelaw.maine.edu/2015/01/16/danielle-conway/ |archive-date=16 March 2015 |access-date=24 April 2015 |website=University of Maine School of Law}}</ref> == Sana'a == Karatunta ya mayar da hankali ne kan ci gaban muradun jama'a ta hanyar fahimtar fasaha da kirkire-kirkire da kuma tasirinsu ga al'ummar zamani. Ita mai fafutukar "kasuwanci na zamantakewa," tare da mai da hankali kan karfafawa 'yan asalin ƙasar da ƙungiyoyin tsiraru damar amfani da haƙƙoƙin kasuwanci, kirkire-kirkire, da kariyar mallakar fasaha yadda ya kamata da ƙirƙira don gina iko a cikin waɗannan al'ummomin. Kafin naɗinta a Dokar Penn State Dickinson, ta yi aiki a matsayin Shugaban Makarantar Shari'a ta Jami'ar Maine Ta kuma kasance Farfesa Michael J. Marks Mai Daraja a Dokar Kasuwanci a Makarantar Shari'a ta William S. Richardson a Jami'ar Hawaiʻi da ke Mānoa, inda ta yi aiki a matsayin Darakta na Cibiyar Siyarwa ta ʻ . Conway ta yi ritaya daga Rundunar Sojan Amurka a shekarar 2016 tare da matsayin Laftanar Kanar bayan shekaru 27 na haɗin gwiwa, aikin tsaro, da kuma aikin tsaro na ƙasa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Conway |first=Danielle M. |date=2022-05-17 |title=A Black Woman Law Dean Speaks About The Precarity of Leadership |url=https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=4112649 |journal=SW L. Rev. |language=en |volume=51 |pages=240 |ssrn=4112649}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Institute |first=The American Law |title=Members |url=https://www.ali.org/members/member/263892/ |access-date=2022-10-03 |website=American Law Institute |language=en |archive-date=2022-10-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221003171450/https://www.ali.org/members/member/263892/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Scholarship == Daga cikin wasu rubuce-rubuce, Conway ita ce marubucin kuma tare da marubucin littattafai da dama: * ''Binciken Dokar Kwangilolin Gwamnatin Amurka: Manufofi, Ka'idoji, da Ayyuka'' * ''Sayen Jiha da Kananan Hukumomi'' * ''Kadarorin Fasaha a Mu'amalar Gwamnati'' * ''Dokar Kadarorin Fasaha ta Ƙasashen Waje'' * ''Lasisi na Kadarorin Fasaha, Manhaja, da Bayani: Doka da Aiki'' * ''Lasisi ga Kadarorin Fasaha: Ka'ida da Amfani'' * ''Kadarorin Fasaha, Kasuwanci da Adalci na Jama'a: Daga Takobi zuwa Ganye'' == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1968]] l6pnpf9d6o5xkjohj5qhtyvke38t135 0 140314 826432 793822 2026-04-26T06:46:08Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826432 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:Grouse-Mt-forest-big-iron-thing-3656.jpg|thumb|Injin jirgin sama da aka yi watsi da shi, wanda ya rage kusa da tsohon hanyar ɗaga kujera da kuma wurin da jirgin F-86 na 1954 ya faɗa]] [[Fayil:GrouseMountain.jpg|thumb|Faɗuwar rana a kan gidan kwanan da masaukin da ke saman tsaunuka na zamani (hagu) kamar yadda aka gani daga ƙofar fasinja ta motar kebul]] '''Dutsen Grouse''' yana ɗaya daga cikin tsaunukan Tekun Arewa na Tekun Pacific a Gundumar Gundumar North Vancouver, [[British Columbia]], [[Kanada]] . Yana da matsakaicin tsayin sama da 1,200&nbsp;m (4,100)&nbsp;A saman dutsen, wurin shakatawa ne na tsaunukan tsaunuka, Grouse Mountain Resort, wanda ke kallon Metro Vancouver kuma yana da lifts huɗu da ke kula da kujeru 33. == Tarihi == === Yankin wasan kankara na asali === Dutsen Grouse ya samo sunansa ne daga grouse mai laushi wanda ake samu a ko'ina cikin dutsen. Dutsen yana kan yankunan gargajiya na mutanen Coast Salish. Masu tafiya a ƙasa na farko da ba 'yan asalin ƙasar ba ne suka kai kololuwarsa a watan Oktoban 1894, an sanya wa dutsen suna bayan grouse mai laushi (shuɗi), tsuntsun farauta na yankin. Gidan masaukin Grouse Mountain na farko an gina shi da hannu ne ta hanyar mutanen Scandinavia a shekarun 1920. Sun ɗaga alluna a kan abin da zai zama hanyar hawan Grouse Grind don wannan aikin. Wani kamfani yana son gina layin dogo na kan hanya don wani wurin shakatawa na sirri a kan dutsen, kodayake wannan aikin bai taɓa faruwa ba. Zuwa shekarun 1930, an gina hanyar biyan kuɗi zuwa saman ta gangaren abin da yanzu shine babban wurin tseren kankara na dutsen, "Cut", don shiga masaukin. Yankin da ke ƙasan "Cut" shine asalin dutsen, inda aka gina masaukin farko da jan igiya a yankin. Tunda an gina gidaje da dama a cikin bishiyoyin da ke kewaye da masaukin da kuma tushen tsohon ɗaga kujera, masu wasan tsalle-tsalle na gida sun san tushen a matsayin "Ƙauye". Waɗannan ɗakunan suna ƙarƙashin da kuma yammacin tsohon ɗaga kujera na Cut, inda har yanzu ana amfani da wasu daga cikinsu. Tsohon babbar hanyar Grouse Mountain, hanyar tsakuwa da aka gina don samar da damar shiga sansanin, har yanzu yana nan kuma a yau ana amfani da shi ne kawai don kula da yankin kankara. A shekarar 1949, an gina [[Chairlift|lif ɗin kujera]] na farko da aka yi a dutsen, wanda hakan ya ba da damar yin tsalle-tsalle a kan dutse daga saman tudun. Grouse Mountain ta yi iƙirarin cewa wannan lif ɗin shine lif ɗin kujera na farko a duniya, duk da haka, a zahiri shine lif ɗin kujera na biyu a Vancouver bayan "Hollyburn" a [[Cypress Bowl Ski Area|Cypress Bowl]] da kuma na uku a Kanada bayan [[Red Mountain Resort]] ; kujera ta farko a duniya tana a [[Sun Valley, Idaho|Sun Valley]] a shekarar 1936. Shekaru biyu bayan haka, a shekarar 1951, an buɗe wani lif mai tsayi, wanda ke gudana daga tashar bas a Skyline Drive, a ƙasan dutsen, wanda aka sani da Kujerar Ƙauye. Wannan lif ɗin kujera na kujeru biyu ya haɗa da hasumiyoyin katako (wasu daga cikin waɗannan hasumiyoyin da ƙafafun kebul na layin lif har yanzu ana iya ganin su a kan tafiya bayan layin lif ɗin Kujerar Ƙauye). Kowace kujera, na ɗan lokaci, an sanye ta da rufin ƙarfe don kiyaye masu tsalle-tsalle a kan dusar ƙanƙara a ranakun damina ko dusar ƙanƙara yayin hawa zuwa ƙasan tsohon lif ɗin Kujerar Cut. ==== Gidan zama na yanzu da wurin wasan ski ==== Bayan gobara ta lalata masaukin asali a lokacin hunturu na 1962, an cire lif ɗin farko guda biyu a shekarun 1970. Gwamnatin British Columbia, ganin damar [[Yawon bude ido|yawon buɗe ido]], ta samar da kuɗi da izini don gina sabon masauki a kan tudun, da kuma hanyar jirgin ƙasa ta sama da ke tafiya zuwa saman dutse daga kwarin da ke ƙasa. [[Karfe|Kamfanin ƙarfe]] na [[Austriya|Austria]] Voestalpine ne ya gina layin jirgin ƙasa, wanda aka sani da Blue Tram, kuma Firayim Minista WAC Bennett ya buɗe kuma ya buɗe a ranar 15 ga Disamba, 1966. Shekaru goma bayan haka, iyalan McLaughlin sun sayi dutsen daga masu shi na asali a shekarar 1976. Sabuwar mallakar ta samar da ƙarin kuɗi don gina layin dogo na biyu na sama, wanda Garaventa ya gina, wanda aka sani da Red Tram ko Super Skyride, a wannan shekarar. Super Skyride, wanda ke amfani da manyan motocin tram waɗanda ke ɗauke da fasinjoji ƙasa da 100, yanzu shine babban jirgin ƙasa, yana isa wani babban tasha daban da ke ginin ɗan gajeren tafiya daga gidan. Tsohon Blue Tram yanzu ana amfani da shi ne don jigilar kayayyaki kai tsaye zuwa ginin gidan. Kujerun Peak da Blueberry, waɗanda aka ƙirƙira a shekarun 1960 da farkon 1970, da kuma ƙarin Kujerun Inferno, waɗanda aka gina a 1976, an nuna su a sabon yankin wasan kankara. Iyalan McLaughlin sun mallaki dutsen kaɗan ne kawai har sai da suka sami cikakken mallaka a 1989. Daga nan suka faɗaɗa masaukin da ake da shi a yanzu don gina gidan wasan kwaikwayo mai inganci, wanda aka sani da Theatre in the Sky, a 1990. Yayin da Kujerun Inferno, Blueberry da Peak suka fara tsufa a shekarun 2000, an cire dukkan lif ɗin guda uku saboda matsalolin inshora, farawa da Inferno a ƙarshen 2003 da kuma Blueberry da Peak a shekara mai zuwa. An maye gurbin dukkan ukun da kujerar quad ta biyu mai sauri da kuma cirewa ta Grouse Mountain wadda kamfanin lif ɗin sama na Arewacin Amurka Leitner-Poma ya gina don kakar hunturu ta 2005 (na farko shine Screaming Eagle on the Cut). An sanya wa kujerar suna Olympic Express don tunawa da nadin Vancouver kwanan nan ga Wasannin hunturu na 2010. Duk da cewa babu wani taron Olympics na hukuma na 2010 da aka gudanar a kan dutsen (an yi tseren dusar ƙanƙara da na kankara a yankin Cypress Mountain Ski Area 'yan kilomita kaɗan zuwa yamma), a lokacin Wasannin, NBC <nowiki><i id="mwZA">Today</i></nowiki> ta watsa labaran wasannin kai tsaye daga Grouse Mountain. A shekarar 2008, Grouse Mountain ta gina sabbin kujeru guda biyu masu kusurwa huɗu; ɗaya don maye gurbin igiyar da aka ja a ƙasan Paradise, ɗayan kuma don maye gurbin kujerar Peak da ta lalace, wadda aka rufe bayan an gina Olympic Express a shekarar 2004. Kamfanin Northland Properties ya sayi wurin shakatawar a watan Janairun 2020 daga CM Asset Management, masu mallakar wurin shakatawar tun daga shekarar 2017. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Northland Properties Corporation to Acquire Grouse Mountain Resort from CM (Canada) {{!}} Grouse Mountain - The Peak of Vancouver |url=https://www.grousemountain.com/press_releases/northland-properties-corporation-to-acquire-grouse-mountain-resort-from-cm-canada |access-date=2024-12-15 |website=www.grousemountain.com}}</ref> A shekarar 2023, dutsen ya fara gina wani sabon aikin gondola, wanda ya ƙunshi ƙirar ɗakin mutum 8 da ɗakunan kwana 27, don ƙara yawan ɗaukar kaya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Blue Grouse gondola {{!}} Grouse Mountain - The Peak of Vancouver |url=https://www.grousemountain.com/gondola |access-date=2024-12-15 |website=www.grousemountain.com}}</ref> An buɗe Blue Grouse Gondola a ranar 12 ga Disamba, 2024. Wannan aikin yana ɗaya daga cikin uku da aka tsara don lokacin hunturu da bazara na 2024-25, sauran kuma sune wurin shakatawa na kekuna masu hawa da kuma wurin hawa dutse . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mountain Bike PArk {{!}} Grouse Mountain - The Peak of Vancouver |url=https://www.grousemountain.com/bike-park |access-date=2024-12-15 |website=www.grousemountain.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mountain Bike Park and Mountain Coaster Coming to Grouse Mountain {{!}} Grouse Mountain - The Peak of Vancouver |url=https://www.grousemountain.com/news/mountain-bike-park-and-mountain-coaster-coming-to-grouse-mountain |access-date=2024-12-15 |website=www.grousemountain.com}}</ref> == Yanayi == Dutsen Grouse yana da yanayi mai danshi na nahiyar ( [[Rarrabawar yanayi na Köppen|Köppen climate type]] ''Dfb'' ), wanda ke kan iyaka da [[Yanayi na Subarctic|yanayin da ke ƙarƙashin ƙasa]] (Köppen ''Dfc'' ). Matsakaicin ruwan sama na shekara-shekara shine 2730mm. Lokacin kaka shine lokacin da ya fi danshi, tare da {{Convert|421.4|mm|in}} sama da ke sauka a watan Nuwamba kawai. Lokacin sanyi yana da sanyi da kuma dusar ƙanƙara, tare da matsakaicin {{Convert|868.7|cm}} na yawan dusar ƙanƙara da ke faɗuwa kowace shekara. Lokacin sanyi ba sanyi ba ne bisa ga ƙa'idodin Kanada, saboda yadda Tekun Pacific ke daidaita dutsen. Duk da haka, saboda tsayinsa, hunturu ba shi da laushi kamar na Lower Mainland. A watan Disamba (wata mafi sanyi a kididdiga), Dutsen Grouse yana da matsakaicin tsayi da ƙasa na {{Convert|1.3|°C|°F}} da kuma {{Convert|-3.2|°C|°F}} bi da bi. Wannan zagayowar daskarewa/narkewa na iya ba da damar yin ruwan sama mai yawa a wasu lokutan a kowace hunturu. Duk da haka, dusar ƙanƙara mai ƙarfi tana yawan faruwa a lokacin hunturu, wanda ke ba da damar yin dusar ƙanƙara mai zurfi, wanda ke dawwama a matsakaici daga tsakiyar Nuwamba zuwa farkon Mayu. Lokacin rani yana da dumi kuma bushe ne. Agusta shine watan da ya fi zafi, tare da matsakaicin zafi da ƙarancin zafi na {{Convert|17.7|°C|°F}} da kuma {{Convert|10.3|°C|°F}} bi da bi.{{Weather box}} == Idon Iska == [[Fayil:Grouse_Mountain_windturbine.JPG|left|thumb|180x180px|Injin injin iska mai karfin MW 1.5]] Grouse Mountain ta gina wani bene mai lura da iska a kan injinan iska mai ƙarfin megawatt 1.5 na Leitwind LTW77-1500 mai tsayin mita 65 da diamita na rotor mita 76.8 a kololuwar wurin shakatawa. Cibiyar, wacce ake sa ran za ta samar da kashi 25% na wutar lantarki a wurin shakatawa, ita ce injinan iska na farko da aka gina a Arewacin Amurka a wuri mai tsayi. An amince da ƙirar a cikin "Kyaututtukan Injiniyan Shawara na 2011" na British Columbia. An fara gina injin turbin a watan Satumba na 2008 a matsayin haɗin gwiwa tsakanin Grouse Mountain da Fasaha ta Leitwind ta Italiya. An ƙaddamar da shi a ranar 5 ga Fabrairu, 2010, ta hannun Firayim Ministan Burtaniya Gordon Campbell kafin gasar Olympics ta hunturu ta 2010. An fara rangadin wurin a hukumance a ranar 26 ga Fabrairu, 2010, kuma an haɗa injin turbin ɗin da tsarin watsawa na BC Hydro a ranar 22 ga Satumba, 2010. Na'urar turbin tana da nauyin fiye da tan 250 kuma tana tashi mita 65 daga tushe zuwa saman hasumiyar. Ruwan polyester mai ƙarfin fiberglass guda uku masu tsawon mita 37.4 suna share faɗin murabba'in mita 4,657. <ref name="Grouse Mountain Turbine" /> Aikin ya fuskanci matsaloli: takaddama da BC Hydro game da kayan aikin tsaro ba a warware ta ba har zuwa ƙarshen 2010, don haka aikin bai samar da wani amfani mai amfani ba har sai lokacin. Ana iya ganin injin turbin a fili daga yawancin birnin Vancouver, kuma wasu ba su da tabbas game da tasirinsa a sararin samaniya. Akwai kuma damuwa game da ruwan wukake masu motsi da sauri da ke kaiwa ga namun daji, amma har zuwa 2015, ba a ga mutuwar tsuntsaye ko jemage ba. Gidauniyar injin turbin ta samar da gida ga pika na Amurka . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-08-10 |title=Vancouver's "Eye of the Wind" turbine builds on its wildlife-friendly foundation |url=http://www.windpowerengineering.com/featured/business-news-projects/editorial/blog/vancouvers-eye-of-the-wind-turbine-builds-on-its-wildlife-friendly-foundation/ |access-date=2017-05-01 }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> An kuma yi tambayoyi game da ikirarin da Grouse Mountain Resorts ta yi game da ƙarfin samar da wutar lantarki na masana'antar, wanda GMR ta kiyasta zai kai kashi 25% na buƙatun wurin shakatawa, ko kuma isasshen makamashi don samar da wutar lantarki ga gidaje 400. === Ski da snowboard === [[Fayil:Grouse_mountain_(ski_runs_close_up).JPG|thumb|Dutsen Grouse mai dusar ƙanƙara, kamar yadda aka gani daga Burnaby, wanda ke nuna tsaunukan Cut (hagu) da kuma tsaunukan ƙwallo na ƙwararru (dama)]] [[Fayil:Grouse_mountain_winter_panorama.jpg|thumb|Ra'ayi mai ban mamaki na Dutsen Grouse a lokacin hunturu]] Yankin wasan tsere kan dusar ƙanƙara da dusar ƙanƙara, wanda ke kan gangaren kudancin dutsen, yana aiki a cikin watannin hunturu tsakanin Disamba da Mayu, kimanin. Ana iya isa gare shi ta hanyar ɗaukar tram daga tushe zuwa gidan chalet da masaukin dutse, yana da lif ɗin kujera guda huɗu (ƙwallon ƙafa biyu masu sauri, Screaming Eagle da Olympic Express; da kuma kujerun ƙafa biyu, Greenway da Peak Chairs) waɗanda ke sauƙaƙa gudu 33, rabinsu ana kunna su don yin tsere kan dusar ƙanƙara da dusar ƙanƙara. <ref name="wintertrail">{{Cite web |title=Grouse Mountain 2008 Winter Trail Map |url=http://www.grousemountain.com/files/PDF/map-winter-2008.pdf |access-date=2009-09-25 |publisher=Grouse Mountain |format=PDF |archive-date=2010-01-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100103211308/http://grousemountain.com/files/PDF/map-winter-2008.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref name="trailstats">{{Cite web |title=Grouse Mountain Trail Map and Stats |url=http://www.grousemountain.com/Winter/skiing-riding/vancouver-bc-ski-snowboarding-trail-map.asp |access-date=2009-09-25 |publisher=Grouse Mountain |archive-date=2010-01-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100103201753/http://grousemountain.com/Winter/skiing-riding/vancouver-bc-ski-snowboarding-trail-map.asp |url-status=dead }}</ref> Mafi shaharar tseren da ake yi a kan dutsen shine Cut, ɗaya daga cikin tseren farko guda biyu, wanda ake iya gani cikin sauƙi daga yankin Vancouver. Yana tafiya tare da ɗaga kujera ta Screaming Eagle. <ref name="wintertrail"/> Gabashin Cut akwai tsere masu tsaka-tsaki da yawa, waɗanda ke kai masu tsere a kan dusar ƙanƙara da masu hawa dusar ƙanƙara zuwa Olympic Express, wanda ke isa ga tseren da ya fi fice a gabashin dutsen, waɗanda yawancinsu suka samo asali ne daga {{Convert|1231|m|ft}} kololuwa. <ref name="wintertrail" /> Gabaɗaya, Dutsen Grouse yana da kore huɗu (masu farawa), shuɗi goma sha shida (matsakaici), lu'u-lu'u baƙi bakwai (na ci gaba) da kuma lu'u-lu'u biyu baƙi (ƙwararru) guda uku (ƙwararru). <ref name="trailstats"/> Akwai kuma wuraren shakatawa na ƙasa guda uku masu salon 'freestyle' - waɗanda suka fara zuwa Rookie Terrain da Paradise Parks, da kuma wurin shakatawa na Gefen Cut Terrain Park na ƙwararru. Dangane da yanayin dusar ƙanƙara, akwai kuma wani wurin shakatawa na ƙasa ga ƙwararru da ake kira Layin Jump Line, wanda ke gefen hagu (gabas) na Cut. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Terrain Parks: A Cut Above The Rest |url=http://www.grousemountain.com/Winter/skiing-riding/terrain-park/ |access-date=2009-09-25 |publisher=Grouse Mountain}}</ref> A cikin 2022, an gina ja na hannu na musamman don yin hidima ga wurin shakatawa na Gefen Cut Terrain Park. <ref>{{Cite web |title=New Lift In Side Cut Park {{!}} Grouse Mountain - The Peak of Vancouver |url=https://www.grousemountain.com/handletow |access-date=2023-12-19 |website=www.grousemountain.com}}</ref> Baya ga tsawon santimita 305 na dusar ƙanƙara ta halitta a kowace shekara, dutsen yana amfani da bindigogin dusar ƙanƙara guda 37, waɗanda suka mamaye kashi 75% na ƙasar kankara da kankara, don yin dusar ƙanƙara ta wucin gadi. <ref name="trailstats"/> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Snowmaking |url=http://www.grousemountain.com/Winter/skiing-riding/vancouver-bc-skiing-snowboarding-snow-making.asp |access-date=2009-09-25 |publisher=Grouse Mountain |archive-date=2010-01-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100103201801/http://grousemountain.com/Winter/skiing-riding/vancouver-bc-skiing-snowboarding-snow-making.asp |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ayyukan bazara == === Grouse Niƙa === [[File:GrouseGrindElevation.png|left|thumb|Bayanin ɗagawa na hanyar]] Dutsen Grouse kuma wuri ne da aka fi sani da hanyar tafiya mai suna Grouse Grind. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Grouse Grind |url=https://metrovancouver.org/services/regional-parks/grouse-grind |access-date=2024-10-01 |publisher=[[Metro Vancouver]]}}</ref> Hanya ce mai tsayi wadda take hawa mita 853 (ƙafa 2800) daga ƙofar da kuma agogon da ke kusa da ƙasan hanyar zuwa "Grind Timer" a saman hanyar, nisan kilomita {{Convert|2.9|km|mi}}, tare da matsakaicin matsayi na 17° (31%) da gajerun sassan har zuwa 30° (58%). Jimillar matakan matakala 2,830 ne. Hanyar, wacce aka yi wa lakabi da " Mai Kula da Matakalar Mother Nature", ta shahara sosai saboda tsayinta da kuma yanayin tsaunuka. Masu yawon bude ido, waɗanda galibi suna kan hanyar, suna isa saman cikin kimanin mintuna 90 a matsakaici kodayake wasu waɗanda suka dace sosai za su iya gamawa cikin ƙasa da mintuna 30. Ana rufe hanyar Grouse Grind ta Metro Vancouver kowace hunturu yawanci daga Nuwamba zuwa Afrilu ko Mayu, saboda yanayin ƙasa mai haɗari da yanayi, ta hanyar ƙofar ƙarfe da shingen tsaro. Don McPherson da Phil Severy sun gina Grind a farkon shekarun 1980 a matsayin 'hanyar sanyaya yanayin hunturu ta mai hawan dutse', ba tare da izini daga Greater Vancouver Regional District (yanzu Metro Vancouver) ko masu Grouse Mountain Resort da ke kusa ba. McPherson ya kuma kula da sake gina Grouse Grind na farko da FMCBC ta dauki nauyin gudanarwa a farkon shekarun 1990, wanda Grouse Mountain Resort ya taimaka da shi. Tsakanin 2010 da 2015, sake gina mafi yawan Grind a matsayin matattakalar dutse da katako, tare da kula da hanyoyin tafiya na shekara-shekara, ya taimaka wajen tsawon lokacin rufewar yanayi na Metro Vancouver na tsawon watanni shida zuwa bakwai a lokacin hunturu da bazara. Ƙasar mallakar Greater Vancouver Water District (GVWD) reshe ne na Metro Vancouver, amma har zuwa ranar 1 ga Mayu, 2017, an sanya eka 185 a matsayin Metro Vancouver Regional Park. Hawan da aka yi {{As of|2019|2}} mafi sauri sun kasance: [[Fayil:Grouse_Grind.JPG|right|thumb|Hanyar tafiya ta Grouse Grind]] {| class="wikitable" style="margin-left:1em; background:honeydew;" !Taron ! Mutum ! Lokaci <small>(minti:sec)</small> ! Kwanan wata |- | Jimillar Bayanan da Ba a Ba da Hukuma ba | Sebastian Salas | 23:48 | 24 ga Agusta, 2010 |- | Gasar Gudun Dutsen Grouse Grind ta Shekara-shekara (Na Maza) | Sebastian Salas | 25:01 | Satumba 19, 2010 |- | Gudun Dutsen Grouse Grind na Shekara-shekara (Na Mata) | Leanne Johnston | 31:04 | Satumba 21, 2007 |} <small>(Bayanan da ba na hukuma ba suna kan hanyar Grind ne kawai, yayin da akwai ɗan ƙarin nisa zuwa layin ƙarshe na Grind Mountain Run; an tsara rikodin da ba na hukuma ba daidai amma a kan gajeren zango).</small> Grouse Grind babban ƙalubale ne da ake fuskanta musamman ga mazauna BC, amma kuma yana jan hankalin masu ƙalubale daga ko'ina cikin duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2004-06-23 |title=New record for Grouse Grind |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/new-record-for-grouse-grind-1.518558 |access-date=2024-10-01 |publisher=[[CBC News]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-14 |title=B.C. man ascends treacherous Grouse Grind a record 5,000 times |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/grouse-grind-jason-chong-record-1.7235751 |access-date=2024-10-01 |publisher=[[CBC News]] |quote=''Jason Chong, 49, is part of a tight-knit, niche group committed to pushing their limits''}}</ref> <ref name="See Most Grinds">{{Cite web |title=Grouse Grind Stats |url=https://www.grousemountain.com/grind_stats |access-date=2024-10-01 |publisher=Grouse Mountain Resorts}}</ref> Wanda ke riƙe da rikodin mafi yawan niƙa a rana ɗaya shine Wilfrid Leblanc wanda ya kammala niƙa 19 a ranar 22 ga Yuni, 2019. Masu riƙe da rikodin a baya sun haɗa da: Ian Robertson na Vancouver wanda ya kammala niƙa 17 a ranar 20 ga Yuni, 2017; Oliver Bibby na Vancouver wanda ya kammala niƙa 16 a ranar 7 ga Agusta, 2013; <ref name="See Most Grinds"/> George Sterling da niƙa 15 a ranar 5 ga Oktoba, 2011; <ref name="See Most Grinds" /> Sebastian Albrecht na Vancouver ya kammala niƙa sau 14 a ranar 29 ga Yuni, 2010, kuma a baya (an raba shi da Vicki Mann) ya kammala niƙa 13 a ranar 22 ga Yuni, 2009. An mayar da farkon Grouse Grind a shekarar 2011 zuwa wani wuri a kan hanyar Baden-Powell kusa da ƙofar; a da ya fara ne a kan hanyar BP Trail mita 130 gabas da ƙofar (da agogon lokaci), kuma sabon wurin yana da mita 20 kacal a gabas. Masu tafiya a ƙasa da ke son amfani da layin farko har yanzu suna iya samun wurin farawa na asali kusa da hanyar BCMC. <ref>{{Cite web |title=BCMC History - Cabins and Trails |url=https://bcmc.ca/club_history.php |access-date=2024-10-01 |quote=''The BCMC trail on Grouse Mtn. is a legacy of the various trails the club built on Grouse to access its cabins and the upper slopes.''}}</ref> Sau da yawa ba a yi la'akari da wahalar hanyar ba. Gundumar Fire and Rescue ta Arewa Vancouver tana gudanar da ceto da yawa kowace shekara na masu tafiya a ƙasa waɗanda suka faɗi a kan Grouse Grind, ko kuma suka fara da latti da yamma kuma ba su shirya neman hanyarsu a cikin duhu ba. Sakamakon haka, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan an rufe ƙofar Grouse Grind ga baƙi mintuna 90 kafin faɗuwar rana kowace maraice. Domin gujewa biyan kuɗin jirgin ƙasa, masu hawa dutse wani lokacin suma suna yawo a kan dutsen. Tunda hanyar BCMC ta fara kuma ta ƙare a wuri ɗaya da hanyar Grouse Grind; ana iya yin hakan ba tare da damun masu hawa sama a kan Grind ba. An haramta yin yawo a ƙasan Grouse Grind. == Hotuna == <gallery> Fayil:MountainZipline.jpg|alt=Mountain Zipline| Dutsen Zipline Fayil:Copy_of_MG_6385.JPG|alt=Skyride in October| Hawan Sama a watan Oktoba Fayil:Grouse_Mountain_skyride.jpg|alt=Closeup of the Skyride| Kusa da Skyride Fayil:MG_6405.JPG|alt=Wood carving (October)| sassaka itace (Oktoba) Fayil:Snow_tree.jpg|alt=Trees| Bishiyoyi Fayil:Grouse_Mountain_Bear_Habitat.JPG|alt=Bear habitat| Wurin zama na bera Fayil:Vancouver_from_Grouse_mountain.jpg|alt=Vancouver as seen from Grouse mountain| An gani daga dutsen Grouse a Vancouver Fayil:Grouse_grind_steps.jpg|alt=The Grouse Grind Trail| Hanyar Grouse Grind Fayil:Grouse_Mountain_Tram_Aerial.jpg|alt=View of Grouse Grind and North Vancouver from the tram| Ra'ayin Grouse Grind da Arewacin Vancouver daga tram Fayil:Grouse_Mountain_lift_(44722422801).jpg|alt=Grouse Mountain lift| lif ɗin Grouse Mountain Fayil:Grouse_Mountain_base_station_(29785974407).jpg|alt=Grouse Mountain base station| Tashar tushe ta Grouse Mountain Fayil:Paragliding_on_Grouse_Mountain_(42913176550).jpg|alt=Paragliding on Grouse Mountain| Yin Paragliding a Dutsen Grouse Fayil:Grizzly_bears_Grinder_and_Coola_Grouse_Mountain_(30852551688).jpg|alt=Grizzly bears Grinder and Coola, Grouse Mountain| Grizzly bears Grinder da Coola, Grouse Mountain Fayil:Grouse_Mountain_view_Vancouver_(29787175317).jpg|alt=Grouse Mountain view from Vancouver| Duba Dutsen Grouse daga Vancouver Fayil:Lumberjack_Show_at_Grouse_Mountain_(44722438251).jpg|alt=Lumberjack Show at Grouse Mountain| Nunin Lumberjack a Grouse Mountain Fayil:Grouse_Mountain_Lumberjack_ax_throwing_competition_(42913154500).jpg|alt=Grouse Mountain Lumberjack ax throwing competition| Gasar jefa gatari ta Grouse Mountain Lumberjack Fayil:Mount-Rainier-13December2025.jpg|alt=Mount Rainier in Seattle, WA seen from Grouse Mountain in Vancouver, BC on 13 December 2025 (Distance: 300 km (185 mile))| Dutsen Rainier da ke Seattle, WA da aka gani daga Dutsen Grouse da ke Vancouver, BC a ranar 13 ga Disamba, 2025 (Nisa: kilomita 300 (mil 185)) </gallery> == Fina-finai a talabijin da kuma fim == Jirgin ƙasan da ke amfani da jirgin sama ya yi amfani da shi a matsayin babban wurin da za a yi amfani da shi a shirin ''MacGyver'' na shekarar 1989 mai suna "Case Fire", wanda aka tsara don Geneva, Switzerland. Dutsen Grouse da titin jirgin ƙasa nasa sun tsaya cak a bikin almarar "Skyland Mountain" a Blue Ridge na [[Virginia]], a cikin shirin " Ascension " na shekarar 1994 ''na The X-Files'' . Jarumi David Duchovny shi ma ya rataye kansa daga sama don wani abin da ya faru a cikin shirin. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Vancouver Sun - Local Entertainment |url=http://www.mjq.net/xfiles/goodwin.htm |access-date=29 June 2016 |website=mjq.net}}</ref> An yi amfani da masaukin kankara na Grouse Mountain da kayan aikin wajen ɗaukar fim ɗin zamani na shahararren zane mai ban dariya Mr. Magoo . Mawakiya kuma marubuciyar waƙa 'yar ƙasar Kanada, Nelly Furtado, ta ɗauki bidiyon waƙarta mai suna " Spirit Indestructible " a kan Grouse Mountain. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-07-19 |title=Nelly Furtado's 'Spirit Indestructible' Video - Watch Now! |url=http://www.nellyfurtado.com/news/default.aspx?nid=39017 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141220194912/http://www.nellyfurtado.com/news/default.aspx?nid=39017 |archive-date=2014-12-20 |access-date=2012-08-05 |publisher=terra.com}}</ref> An yi amfani da Grouse Mountain wajen ɗaukar fim ɗin ƙarshe na tsakiyar kakar wasa ta uku na ''Arrow'', "The Climb", wanda ya zama wurin da aka fafata tsakanin Oliver Queen da Ra's al Ghul . An yi amfani da Grouse Mountain a matsayin wurin shakatawa na kankara mai ban mamaki "Summit Peaks" a cikin fim ɗin ''American Pie Presents: The Book of Love'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=American Pie Presents: The Book of Love filming locations — Movie Maps |url=https://moviemaps.org/movies/dp |access-date=29 June 2016 |website=moviemaps.org}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] im6i7151niauhfki66id2ecwwgejgkv 0 140885 826637 796242 2026-04-26T11:23:24Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826637 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Elif Batuman''' (an haife ta a shekara ta 1977) marubuciya ce 'yar Amurka, mai ilimi, kuma 'yar jarida. Ita ce marubucin littattafai uku: tarihin rayuwa, ''The Possessed'' (2010), littafin ''The Idiot'' (2017), wanda ya zo na ƙarshe a gasar Pulitzer Prize for Fiction ta 2018, da kuma ''Eh/Or'' (2022). Batuman marubuciya ce a ''jaridar The New Yorker'' . == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Elif Batuman a [[New York (birni)|birnin New York]] ga iyayenta ' yan Turkiyya, kuma ta girma a [[New Jersey]] . Ta kammala karatun digirinta na uku a Kwalejin Harvard a shekarar 1999 <ref>{{Cite web |last=Aggarwal-Schifellite |first=Manisha |date=2022-06-22 |title=Novelist Elif Batuman returns to Harvard |url=https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2022/06/novelist-elif-batuman-returns-to-harvard/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Harvard Gazette |language=en-US}}</ref> kuma ta sami digirin digirgir a fannin adabin kwatantawa daga [[Jami'ar Stanford]] . Yayin da take karatun digiri na biyu, Batuman ta yi karatun harshen Uzbek a Samarkand, Uzbekistan. Littafinta na ƙarshe, ''The Windmill and the Giant: Double-Entry Bookkeeping in the Novel,'' <ref>{{Cite web |title=I am a doctor. |url=http://www.elifbatuman.net/2007/11/07/i-am-a-doctor/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120314112348/http://www.elifbatuman.net/2007/11/07/i-am-a-doctor/ |archive-date=2012-03-14 |access-date=2012-03-19}}</ref> ya shafi tsarin binciken zamantakewa da kuma ginin littattafai na kaɗaici da marubutan suka yi. == Sana'a == A watan Fabrairun 2010, Batuman ta buga littafinta na farko, ''The Possessed: Adventures with the Russian Books and the People Who Read Them'', bisa ga kayan da ta buga a baya a cikin ''The New Yorker'', ''Harper's Magazine'', <ref>{{Cite web |title=Elif Batuman {{!}} Harper's Magazine |url=http://harpers.org/subjects/ElifBatuman |access-date=March 27, 2017 |archive-date=June 18, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120618180134/http://harpers.org/subjects/ElifBatuman |url-status=dead }}</ref> da ''N+1'', <ref>{{Cite web |title=Batuman/Elif |url=http://nplusonemag.com/authors/batuman-elif |access-date=March 27, 2017 |website=n+1 |language=en-US}}</ref> wanda ke ba da cikakken bayani game da abubuwan da ta fuskanta a matsayin ɗalibi mai digiri na biyu a fannin adabi a [[Jami'ar Stanford]] . Da take bitar littafin na ''[[New York Times|The New York Times]]'', mai suka Dwight Garner ya yaba da "farin ciki mai daɗi da yaduwa da take ji a gaban baiwa da kyawun adabi." Littafin Batuman mai ''suna The Idiot'' ya samo asali ne daga gogewar da ta samu a lokacin da ta halarci Harvard a tsakiyar shekarun 1990 da kuma koyar da Turanci a [[Hungariya|Hungary]] a lokacin bazara na 1996. <ref name="lithub.com">{{Cite web |date=2017-03-21 |title=Elif Batuman on Fictionalizing Her Life, and Learning to Fact Check |url=https://lithub.com/elif-batuman-on-fictionalizing-her-life-and-learning-to-fact-check/ |access-date=2019-08-03 |website=Literary Hub |language=en-US}}</ref> Ta kasance ta ƙarshe a gasar Pulitzer Prize for Fiction ta 2018. Batuman marubuciya ce a Jami'ar Koç da ke [[Istanbul]], Turkiyya, daga 2010 zuwa 2013. Yanzu tana zaune a New York. A shekarar 2016, ta haɗu da abokin zamanta; ta rubuta cewa wannan dangantaka, wacce ita ce ta farko da ba ta da jinsi ɗaya, "ta haifar da jerin canje-canje ga ra'ayoyina ba kawai game da jinsi ba har ma da nau'in halitta" yayin da Batuman ta fahimci yadda fina-finai da labarai suka yi tasiri ga ra'ayoyinta game da yadda mata ya kamata su yi hali. Labarin Batuman na shekarar 2018 a cikin jaridar The New Yorker kan masana'antar haya ta iyali ta Japan ya lashe kyautar Mujallar Ƙasa . A shekarar 2021, mujallar ta mayar da kyautar bayan wani bincike ya nuna cewa mutane uku a cikin rubutun sun yi maganganun ƙarya ga Batuman da masu binciken gaskiya na mujallar. == Tasiri == Adabin Rasha ya fi yawa a cikin ayyukan Batuman. Batuman ta ce sha'awarta ga adabin Rasha ta fara ne lokacin da ta karanta littafin Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn mai suna ''The Gulag Archipelago'' a makarantar sakandare. <ref name="lithub.com"/> Duk ''The Possessed'' da ''The Idiot'' suna girmama marubucin Rasha da Batuman ya fi so, [[Fedor Dostoevsky|Fyodor Dostoevsky]] . <ref name="lithub.com" /> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Batuman ta daina soyayya da maza tun tana da shekaru 38. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-05-21 |title=Elif Batuman: 'The past few years have been about coming to terms with my queer identity' |url=https://inews.co.uk/culture/elif-batuman-my-queer-identity-1638451 |access-date=2022-05-29 |website=inews.co.uk |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-05-24 |title=Elif Batuman on the Need For Novels (And When Male Writers Describe Oral Sex) |url=https://lithub.com/elif-batuman-on-the-need-for-novels-and-when-male-writers-describe-oral-sex/ |access-date=2022-05-29 |website=Literary Hub |language=en-US}}</ref> A wata hira da ta yi, ta tattauna kan karanta rubutun Adrienne Rich ''mai taken Tilascin Haɗuwa da Madigo'' bayan ta fara soyayya da abokin zamanta na yanzu, da kuma yadda hakan ya shafi jarumin ''The Idiot'', Selin. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-05-26 |title=Why Elif Batuman's Been Thinking About "Compulsive Heterosexuality" |url=https://lithub.com/why-elif-batumans-been-thinking-about-compulsive-heterosexuality/ |access-date=2022-05-29 |website=Literary Hub |language=en-US}}</ref> == Littattafan tarihi ==   === Labarai === * ''Wawa'', Penguin Press, 2017. . * ''Ko dai/Ko'', Penguin Press, 2022. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0525557593|<bdi>978-0525557593</bdi>]] . === Labarai na Almara === * ''The Possessed'', Farrar, Straus da Giroux, 2010. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0374532185|<bdi>978-0374532185</bdi>]] . === Labarai marasa tarin === * {{Cite journal |last=Batuman, Elif |date=April 25 – May 2, 2022 |title=The repugnant conclusion |url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2022/04/25/the-repugnant-conclusion <!--|access-date=2023-07-03--> |journal=The New Yorker |volume=98 |issue=10 |pages=56–65}} === Rubuce-rubuce da labarai marasa tattarawa === * Elif Batuman (Janairu 16, 2006), [http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2006/01/16/cool-heart "Cool Heart"] . ''Jaridar New Yorker.'' * * * * * * [[Göbekli Tepe]] * ''Two Rivers.'' Carolyn Drake, wacce ta buga kanta, 2013. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0-615-78764-0|<bdi>978-0-615-78764-0</bdi>]] . Bugun kwafi 700. Ta Carolyn Drake. Tare da wani littafi daban tare da ɗan gajeren muƙala ta Batuman da kuma bayanan Drake. * * * * * === Hira === * Elif Batuman [http://www.full-stop.net/2011/12/14/interviews/helen-stuhr-rommereim/elif-batuman/ yana tattaunawa] da ''Full Stop'' (Disamba 14, 2011). * "Littattafan da suka sa ni" | [https://www.theguardian.com/books/2018/apr/27/elif-batuman-my-stress-read-epictetus-during-a-dental-procedure "Damuwata ta karanta? Epictetus yayin aikin haƙori"], ''[[The Guardian]]'' (Afrilu 28, 2018). * [https://longform.org/posts/longform-podcast-297-elif-batuman Elif Batuman] akan shirin Longform Podcast (6 ga Yuni, 2018). * Elif Batuman, [http://www.thewhitereview.org/feature/interview-elif-batuman/ an yi hira da shi] a Yen Pham don White Review (Yuni, 2017) * Elif Batuman, [https://dailystoic.com/elif-batuman-interview/ ya yi hira] da jaridar Daily Stoic * Elif Batuman, [https://www.theindy.org/article/2787/ ta yi hira] da Cecilia Barron ga The College Hill Independent ; Bayanan kula {{Reflist|40em}} == Kyaututtuka == * Kyautar Marubuta ta Gidauniyar Rona Jaffe, 2007. <ref name="jaffe">{{Cite web |title=The Rona Jaffe Foundation Writers' Awards |url=http://www.ronajaffefoundation.org/past_recipients.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180831015311/http://www.ronajaffefoundation.org/past_recipients.html |archive-date=August 31, 2018 |access-date=March 27, 2017 |website=www.ronajaffefoundation.org}}</ref> * Kyautar Whiting, 2010. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Elif Batuman {{!}} WHITING AWARDS |url=http://www.whiting.org/awards/winners/elif-batuman |access-date=March 27, 2017 |website=www.whiting.org |language=en}}</ref> * Wanda ya lashe kyautar Pulitzer Prize, 2017. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1977]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] krwcbkr9318h5ymej64y85jdo08m2dk 0 140937 826641 796406 2026-04-26T11:49:05Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826641 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Elizabeth_Becker_February_2015.jpg|thumb|Becker a shekarar 2015]] '''Elizabeth Becker''' (an haife ta a ranar 28 ga Oktoba, 1947) 'yar jarida ce kuma marubuciya 'yar Amurka. Ta rubuta littattafai biyar kuma an fi saninta da bayar da rahoto da rubutu kan Cambodia . == Tarihin Rayuwa == Elizabeth Becker ta kammala karatunta daga Jami'ar Washington da digiri a fannin Nazarin Kudancin Asiya kuma ta yi karatun harshe a Kendriya Hindi Sansthan da ke Agra, Indiya. Ta kasance ma'aikaciyar Edelman a Cibiyar Joan Shorenstein kan Jarida, Siyasa da Manufofin Jama'a a Makarantar Harvard Kennedy . Ana gudanar da rubuce-rubucenta kan Cambodia da Khmer Rouge a ɗakin karatu na Jami'ar Washington a matsayin tarin Elizabeth Becker. Becker uwa ce ga manyan 'ya'ya biyu. Tana da aure da William L. Nash kuma tana zaune a Washington, DC. == Sana'a == Becker ta fara aikinta na bayar da rahoto daga Cambodia a lokacin Yaƙin Vietnam ga jaridar ''Washington Post'' a matsayin ' yar jarida ta gida. Ta shiga ma'aikatan jaridar a Washington. Ita ce Babbar Editan Harkokin Waje na National Public Radio inda ta sami kyaututtuka biyu na DuPont Columbia a matsayin babban furodusa saboda bayar da rahoton zaɓen dimokuradiyya na farko a [[Afirka ta Kudu]] da [[Kisan ƙare dangi na Rwandan|kisan kare dangi na Rwanda]] . Becker ita ce marubucin littafin ''You Don't Belong Here: How Three Women Rewrote the Story of War'', wanda ya lashe kyautar Goldsmith Book Prize ta 2022 daga Harvard <ref>{{Cite web |date=April 5, 2022 |title=You Don't Belong Here: How Three Women Rewrote the Story of War - Goldsmith Awards |url=https://goldsmithawards.org/honoree/you-dont-belong-here-how-three-women-rewrote-the-story-of-war/}}</ref> da kuma kyautar Sperber ta 2022 daga Fordham. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-09-07 |title=Winners Announced for the 2022 Sperber Book Prize |url=https://news.fordham.edu/university-news/winners-announced-for-the-2022-sperber-book-prize/ |access-date=2022-12-26 |website=Fordham Newsroom |language=en-US}}</ref> Littafinta na farko ''When the War Was Over, tarihin zamani na Cambodia da Khmer Rouge'' ya lashe ambaton littafin Robert F. Kennedy. Wannan littafin ya haɗa da ziyararta zuwa Cambodia a ƙarƙashin Khmer Rouge da hirar Pol Pot . Rithy Panh ta yi fim ɗin shirin gaskiya ''[[Bophana]]'' bisa ga wani ɓangare na littafin. An yi cikakken bayani game da bincikenta na farko game da Khmer Rouge a cikin ''A Problem from Hell; America in the Age of Genocide'' na Samantha Power . Ita ce kuma marubucin ''Overbooked: The Exploding Business of Travel and Tourism'' da kuma ''America's Vietnam War: A Narrative History for young adults'' . An gayyaci Becker don ya bayar da shaida a matsayin ƙwararren shaida a gaban kotun kisan kare dangi ta Khmer Rouge wadda aka fi sani da Ɗakunan Musamman a Kotunan Cambodia . === Ziyarar Cambodia ta 1978 === A watan Disamba na shekarar 1978, Becker ya kasance memba, tare da Malcolm Caldwell da Richard Dudman, daga cikin ƙungiyar 'yan jarida da marubuta ta Yamma da suka ziyarci Cambodia tun lokacin da Khmer Rouge ya hau mulki a watan Afrilun 1975. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ms. Elizabeth Becker {{!}} Drupal |url=https://www.eccc.gov.kh/en/witness-expert-civil-party/ms-elizabeth-becker |access-date=2024-06-04 |website=www.eccc.gov.kh }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2023)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> A ranar 22 ga Disamba, ranar ƙarshe da suka yi a ƙasar, su ukun sun yi hira da Pol Pot, shugaban kwaminisanci na Cambodia. Pol Pot ya gaya wa Becker da Dudman cewa yana tsammanin [[NATO]] za ta taimaka masa ya yaƙi da kwaminisanci na Vietnam. Ya yi magana da Caldwell game da tattalin arziki. Sun koma gidan baƙi da ke [[Phnom Penh]] lokacin da, da misalin ƙarfe 11:00 na dare a wannan daren, Becker ta farka da sautin harbin bindiga. Ta fito daga ɗakin kwananta ta ga wani mutum ɗan ƙasar Cambodia mai ɗauke da makamai wanda ya nuna mata bindiga. Ta koma ɗakinta da gudu ta ji motsin mutane da kuma ƙarin harbe-harben bindiga. Bayan sa'o'i da yawa, wani ɗan ƙasar Cambodia ya zo ƙofar ɗakin kwananta ya gaya mata cewa Caldwell ya mutu. Ita da Dudman sun je ɗakinsa. An harbe shi a ƙirji kuma gawar wani mutum ɗan ƙasar Cambodia ma tana cikin ɗakin, wataƙila mutumin da ya nuna wa Becker bindigar bindiga. == Littattafai == *   *   *   *   == Duba kuma == * ''Haɗuwa da Pol Pot'' (fim ɗin 2024) == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1947]] a0cq4rpk5zso8m7vlv7xdutmk6o507f 0 141080 826372 796790 2026-04-25T22:56:36Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826372 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Brook Maurio''' (wanda a da ake '''kira Busey-Hunt''' ; ''née'' '''Busey''' ; an haife ta a ranar 14 ga Yuni, 1978), wacce aka fi sani da '''Diablo Cody''', marubuciya ce kuma furodusa 'yar Amurka. Ta sami yabo saboda rubutunta na gaskiya da kuma tarihin rayuwarta, ''Candy Girl: A Year in the Life of an Unlikely Stripper'' (2005). Cody ta sami yabo mai mahimmanci saboda fim ɗinta na farko na rubutun allo, ''Juno'' (2007), inda ta lashe kyautar Academy Award da kuma kyautar BAFTA Award for Best Original Screenplay. Ta rubuta, ta shirya, kuma ta fara jagorantar fim ɗinta na farko mai suna ''Paradise'' (2013). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Andreeva |first=Nellie |date=5 October 2011 |title=Diablo Cody Re-Launches Her 'Red Band Trailer' |url=https://deadline.com/2011/10/diablo-cody-re-launches-her-red-band-trailer-web-talk-show-on-l-studio-179675/ |access-date=31 March 2012 |website=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref> Cody ta kuma rubuta kuma ta shirya fina-finan ''Jennifer's Body'' (2009), ''Young Adult'' (2011), ''Ricki and the Flash'' (2015), ''Tully'' (2018), da ''Lisa Frankenstein'' (2024). Cody ta ƙirƙiri, ta rubuta, kuma ta samar da jerin wasannin barkwanci na Showtime ''United of Tara'' (2009–2011), da kuma jerin wasannin Amazon Prime ''One Mississippi'' (2015–2017). Ta fara fitowa a Broadway tare da mawakiyar Alanis Morissette ''Jagged Little Pill,'' inda ta lashe kyautar Tony Award don Mafi Kyawun Littafin Kiɗa . Ta kasance memba na Kwalejin Fasaha da Kimiyyar Motsi a reshen Marubuta tun 2008. <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 June 2008 |title=Oscar 2008: Academy Invites 105 New Members &#124; Emanuel Levy |url=https://emanuellevy.com/oscar/oscar-2008-academy-invites-105-new-members-8/}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Diablo Cody a Brook Busey a ranar 14 ga Yuni, 1978, a Lemont, Illinois, wani yanki na [[Chicago]], inda aka rene ta da babban ɗan'uwanta Marc. Ita 'yar Pam ce da Greg Busey. Mahaifiyarta 'yar asalin Italiya ce kuma mahaifinta 'yar asalin Jamus ne. An rene Cody a matsayin Kirista na Apostolic <ref>{{Cite web |date=September 2009 |title=Diablo Cody Says No |url=http://www.inkedmag.com/article/diablo-cody-says-no/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100316052258/http://www.inkedmag.com/article/diablo-cody-says-no/ |archive-date=March 16, 2010 |publisher=(interview), [[Inked (magazine)|Inked]]}}</ref> kuma ta halarci Makarantar Saints Cyril &amp;amp; Methodius da Kwalejin Benet, makarantun [[Cocin katolika|Roman Katolika]] a yankunan Chicago. A wannan lokacin, an kira ta da sunanta Brook. A shekara ta 2000, ta kammala karatun digiri na farko a fannin fasahar sadarwa a Jami'ar Iowa . A lokacin da take Jami'ar Iowa, ta yi aiki a sashen saye-saye a babban ɗakin karatu na jami'a. <ref>{{Cite web |date=February 26, 2008 |title=Former Student Assistant Wins Oscar |url=http://blog.lib.uiowa.edu/news/2008/02/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716155044/http://blog.lib.uiowa.edu/news/2008/02/ |archive-date=July 16, 2011 |publisher=[[University of Iowa]] Libraries}}</ref> Ayyukanta na farko sune yin aikin sakatare a wani kamfanin lauyoyi na Chicago sannan daga baya ta gyara kwafin tallace-tallacen da aka buga a tashoshin rediyo na [[Minneapolis–Saint Paul|Twin Cities]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Once More, with Flaying: Diablo Cody and Company Dissect 'Jennifer's Body' - 7x7 Bay Area |url=https://www.7x7.com/once-more-with-flaying-diablo-cody-and-company-dissect-jennifers-body-1779170310.html |access-date=2026-02-17 |website=www.7x7.com |language=en}}</ref> == Sana'a == === 2001–2004: Rubuta rubutun ra'ayin kanka a yanar gizo da kuma cire talla === Cody ya fara wani shafin yanar gizo na barkwanci mai suna ''Red Secretary'', yana ba da cikakken bayani game da abubuwan da wani sakatare da ke zaune a [[Belarus]] ya aikata. Abubuwan da suka faru ba su da wani tsari na ɓoye abubuwan da suka faru a rayuwar Cody ta gaske, amma an faɗa su ne daga hangen wata yarinya 'yar asalin Eastern Bloc mai ƙalubale. Shafin yanar ''gizo'' na farko na Cody ya bayyana a ƙarƙashin sunan ''Darling Girl'' bayan ta ƙaura daga Chicago zuwa Minneapolis . A watan Maris na 2003, Cody ta fara wani shafin yanar gizo na manya mai suna ''The Pussy Ranch'', ta amfani da sunan alkalami da aka ƙirƙira yayin da take tafiya a Cody, Wyoming tana sauraron waƙar "El Diablo" ta Arcadia. Da sauri, Cody ta yi rajista don dare na masu son karatu a wani kulob na rawa na Minneapolis mai suna Skyway Lounge. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Cody |first=Diablo |date=28 November 2004 |title=Pussy Ranch |url=https://pussyranch.blogspot.com/2003_03_01_pussyranch_archive.html#91066877 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041128034221/http://pussyranch.blogspot.com/2003_03_01_pussyranch_archive.html#91066877 |archive-date=28 November 2004 |access-date=17 March 2019}}</ref> Bayan ta ji daɗin wannan gogewar, kuma ta ga sha'awar masu karatu, daga ƙarshe ta bar aikinta na yau da kullun don zama mai rawa na cikakken lokaci. Cody ta kuma shafe lokaci tana aiki a shirye-shiryen kallo a Sex World, wani sabon salo na manya a Minneapolis da kuma shagon DVD. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2011)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Yayin da take ci gaba da cire kayanta, Cody ta fara rubutu a jaridar ''City Pages'', wata jarida ta mako-mako ta [[Minneapolis–Saint Paul|Twin Cities]] . ] Ta bar ''City Pages'' jim kaɗan kafin ta canza hannun edita, kuma tun daga lokacin ta rubuta wa mujallar ''Jane'' da ta daina aiki. A watan Disamba na 2007, Cody ta fara rubuta wani shafi a mujallar ''Entertainment Weekly'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Diablo Cody's new EW column! |url=https://ew.com/article/2007/12/17/diablo-codys-new-ew-column/ |access-date=2026-02-17 |website=EW.com |language=en}}</ref> === 2005-2010: Nasara da yabo === Tana da shekaru 27, Cody ta rubuta littafin tarihinta ''mai suna Candy Girl: A Year in the Life of an Unlikely Stripper'' . Littafin tarihin ya fara ne bayan da Mason Novick, wanda zai zama manajan Cody, ya nuna sha'awar muryarta mai kaifi da kuma ba'a. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Indiewire |date=2007-10-25 |title=iW PROFILE {{!}} “Juno” Writer Diablo Cody |url=https://www.indiewire.com/news/general/iw-profile-juno-writer-diablo-cody-73651/ |access-date=2026-02-11 |website=IndieWire |language=en-US}}</ref> Dangane da shaharar shafinta, Novick ta sami damar samun kwangilar bugawa tare da mawallafin New York Gotham Books . A watan Maris na 2005, Cody ta bayyana a shirin " Late Show With David Letterman " don tattauna littafinta bisa buƙatar Letterman . Mai masaukin baki ya sanya shi ne kawai zaɓinsa na ƙungiyar littattafai ta hukuma. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Fernandez |first=Jay A. |date=2008-02-25 |title=For Diablo Cody, flirting with success pays off |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2008-feb-25-et-cody25-story.html |access-date=2026-02-17 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}</ref> Bayan kammala littafinta, Novick ta ƙarfafa Cody ta gwada rubuta wani fim ɗin fim. Cikin watanni, ta rubuta ''Juno ,'' wani labari game da ɗaukar ciki da matashiya ta yi ba tare da shiri ba. An kammala rubutun a watan Fabrairun 2005, kuma Mandate Pictures ta zaɓi shi a wannan bazarar. <ref name="LATIMES">{{Cite web |last=Fernandez |first=Jay A. |date=25 February 2008 |title=For Diablo Cody, flirting with success pays off |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2008-feb-25-et-cody25-story.html |access-date=16 March 2019 |website=Los Angeles Times}}</ref> Jaruman barkwanci da Jason Reitman ya jagoranta sun fito ne daga [[Elliot Page]] da Michael Cera . ''Juno'' ta zo ta biyu a gasar cin kofin duniya ta Toronto Film Festival People's Choice Award, ta lashe kyautar ta biyu a bikin fina-finan Rome Film Festival, kuma ta sami kyaututtukan Academy Award guda hudu, ciki har da Best Picture . Cody da kanta ta lashe kyautar Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay saboda rubutunta na farko, wanda kuma ya sami kyautar Golden Globe da kuma kyautar Independent Spirit Award for Best First Screenplay . Ta kuma lashe kyaututtukan rubutun daga BAFTA, Writers Guild of America, Broadcast Film Critics Association, National Board of Review, da kuma kyautar tauraron dan adam ta 2008 Cinema for Peace Award for Most Valuable Work of Director, Producer &amp;amp; Screenwriter (an raba tare da Jason Reitman, John Malkovich, Mason Novick, Russel Smith da Lianne Halfon ). In October 2007, Cody sold a script titled ''Girly Style'' to Universal Studios, and a horror script called ''Jennifer's Body'' to Fox Atomic. Released on September 18, 2009, ''Jennifer's Body'' starred Megan Fox as the title character and [[Amanda Seyfried]] as the supporting character. She revised writer-director Steven Antin's script for his musical film ''Burlesque''. Cody ta fito a wani shiri na talabijin mai suna ''90210'' a shekarar 2008. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Diablo Cody: My '90210' moment! |url=https://ew.com/article/2009/02/08/diablo-cody-my-90210-moment/ |access-date=2026-02-17 |website=EW.com |language=en}}</ref> Ta fito a cikin shirin da ya nuna dawowar Tori Spelling a matsayin Donna Martin, inda Cody ta buƙaci halin Spelling don yin riga don taron jan kafet. A shekarar 2009, Cody ta sanya hannu kan rubutun kuma ta shirya wani fim na jerin littattafan matasa na ''Sweet Valley High'' . === 2011–yanzu: Fadada aiki === A shekarar 2011, an kawo ta don ta gyara rubutun daraktan Fede Alvarez na farko don sake yin fim ɗin ban tsoro na Sam Raimi na shekarun 1980s '', The Evil Dead'' . A watan Oktoba na 2011, Cody ta fara ɗaukar nauyin wani shirin hira da shahararrun mutane ta yanar gizo mai suna "Red Band Trailer," a tashar watsa shirye-shirye ta L-studio. Da farko ta ƙaddamar da shirin a sirri a YouTube a lokacin bazara na 2010, kuma tashar Lexus ta karɓe shi a shekara mai zuwa. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Andreeva |first=Nellie |date=2011-10-05 |title=Diablo Cody Re-Launches Her 'Red Band Trailer' Web Talk Show On L Studio |url=https://deadline.com/2011/10/diablo-cody-re-launches-her-red-band-trailer-web-talk-show-on-l-studio-179675/ |access-date=2026-02-17 |website=Deadline |language=en-US}}</ref> A shekarar 2011, Cody ta rubuta kuma ta shirya fim ɗin barkwanci ''mai suna Young Adult'' . Ƙungiyoyin bayar da kyaututtuka kamar Broadcast Film Critics Association da Writers Guild of America sun zaɓi Cody. Tare da Jason Reitman, [[Charlize Theron]] da Patton Oswalt, ta raba kyautar Shugaban Vanguard Award a bikin fina-finai na duniya na Palm Springs . A shekarar 2012, Fempire, tare da haɗin gwiwar marubuta Cody, Dana Fox, Liz Meriwether, da Lorene Scafaria, sun sami kyautar Kirkire-kirkire da 'Yan'uwa mata daga bikin fina-finai na Athena saboda goyon bayan da suka bai wa junansu a masana'antar fina-finai masu gasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=2012 Athena Award Winners |url=http://athenafilmfestival.com/awards/award-winners/2012-athena-award-winners/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141106045918/http://athenafilmfestival.com/awards/award-winners/2012-athena-award-winners/ |archive-date=2014-11-06 |access-date=2015-02-13 |website=Athena Film Festival}}</ref> A shirin ''WTF tare da Marc Maron'' podcast, a watan Fabrairun 2012, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=Mark |date=2012-02-23 |title=Episode 256 - Diablo Cody |url=http://www.wtfpod.com/podcast/episodes/episode_256_-_diablo_cody |access-date=2026-02-17 |website=WTF with Marc Maron Podcast |language=en-US}}</ref> ta ce aikinta na gaba zai kasance jagorantar fim ɗinta na farko, wanda ke game da wata matashiya da ta bar addini bayan ta tsira daga hatsarin jirgin sama. A watan Fabrairun 2013, ta sanar da cewa an kira fim ɗin ''Paradise'' (wanda aka fi sani da ''Lamb of God'' ). Julianne Hough, Holly Hunter, Octavia Spencer, da Russell Brand sun fito a cikin 'yan wasan. Mandate Pictures ne suka shirya fim ɗin, wanda aka fitar a watan Oktoban 2013. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-02-05 |title=Diablo Cody Talks PARADISE, SWEET VALLEY HIGH, and the Athena Film Festival |url=https://collider.com/diablo-cody-paradise-athena-film-festival-interview/ |access-date=2013-10-20 |website=Collider}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Jr |first=Mike Fleming |date=2011-06-29 |title=Diablo Cody Makes Directing Debut On 'Lamb Of God' For Mandate |url=https://deadline.com/2011/06/diablo-cody-makes-directing-debut-on-lamb-of-god-for-mandate-144384/ |access-date=2026-02-17 |website=Deadline |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Mayu na 2013, an sanar da cewa Cody za ta dauki nauyin shirinta na tattaunawa, Me Time tare da Diablo Cody, a kan TBS . Shirin zai daidaita "bisa ga ra'ayin Diablo na musamman kan duk abubuwan da al'adun pop suka fada kuma aka fada ta hanyarta," sannan kuma "ya bayyana wani bangare na Hollywood da shahararrun mutane wanda jama'a ba kasafai suke gani ba." Steve Agee zai gabatar da kuma rubuta tare da ita. Cody furodusa ce, tare da Mark Cronin da Courtland Cox. Shirin bai taba fitowa ko kuma ya bayyana a talabijin ba. Cody tana da ayyuka da yawa da aka soke ko kuma aka makale a cikin jahannama, gami da wani wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya mai suna ''Time and a Half'', wanda Julianne Hough ta fito tare da Ol Parker a matsayin darakta. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-08-07 |title=Julianne Hough to Star in TIME AND A HALF, Written by Diablo Cody &#124; Collider &#124; Page 187175 |url=https://collider.com/julianne-hough-time-and-a-half-diablo-cody/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121102055524/http://collider.com/julianne-hough-time-and-a-half-diablo-cody/187175/ |archive-date=2012-11-02 |access-date=2013-10-20 |website=Collider}}</ref> Ta kuma ƙirƙiri wani shirin wasan kwaikwayo na matasa tare da Josh Schwartz don [[Fox Broadcasting Company|Fox]] mai suna ''Prodigy'' . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Barrett |first=Annie |date=2013-10-04 |title=Fox picks up Diablo Cody, Josh Schwartz teen drama pilot &#124; Inside TV |url=http://insidetv.ew.com/2013/10/04/fox-diablo-cody-prodigy/ |access-date=2013-10-20 |publisher=[[Entertainment Weekly]] }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A cewar ''The Hollywood Reporter'', ya mayar da hankali kan "wata baiwa 'yar shekara 16 wacce ta hanyar karatun gida aka ware ta daga takwarorinta. Tana fatan samun rayuwa ta zamantakewa ta matasa "ta al'ada" kafin ta shiga duniyar manya ta ilimi, ta yi rajista a makarantar sakandare ta yankinta. Gwajin ta ya yi tsauri lokacin da ta ga ta rungumi jama'a da yawa, ta kamu da guguwar soyayya da aikata laifuka." <ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-10-18 |title=Diablo Cody Talks PARADISE, Being "Scared Shitless," PRODIGY, SWEET VALLEY HIGH, and More |url=https://collider.com/diablo-cody-paradise-prodigy-interview/ |access-date=2013-10-20 |website=Collider}}</ref> Cody kuma ta ƙirƙiri kuma ta rubuta matukin jirgin Warner Bros. Television na shirin barkwanci mai ban dariya ''Alex + Amy'' . Cody shine mai magana da yawun bikin fina-finai na Athena na Kwalejin Barnard . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-01-28 |title=Diablo Cody Opens Up About Her Passion Project |url=http://athenafilmfestival.com/2013/01/29/diablo-cody-opens-up-about-her-passion-project/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130426172911/http://www.etonline.com/movies/129782_Diablo_Cody_Sweet_Valley_High_Interview_Athena_Film_Festival/ |archive-date=2013-04-26 |access-date=2013-10-20 |publisher=Athena Film Festival}}</ref> A shekarar 2015, an ɗauki Cody aiki don rubuta sabon fim ɗin ''Barbie'' inda Amy Schumer ke kan gaba, amma ta bar aikin a shekarar 2018 bayan ta sha wahala wajen samar da daftarin da take alfahari da shi. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Flemming |first=Mike |date=2015-03-04 |title=Diablo Cody Set To Rewrite 'Barbie' |url=https://deadline.com/2015/03/diablo-cody-barbie-sony-pictures-1201386146/ |access-date=2024-03-17 |website=Deadline |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nayman |first=Adam |date=2023-07-06 |title=The Story of the Diablo Cody Barbie Movie We Almost Got |url=https://www.gq.com/story/barbie-movie-first-attempts-amy-schumer-diablo-cody |access-date=2024-03-17 |website=GQ}}</ref> Cody ya rubuta kuma ya shirya fim ɗin barkwanci na kiɗa ''Ricki and the Flash'' (2015), wanda [[Meryl Streep]] ya fito a ciki kuma Jonathan Demme ya ba da umarni a fim ɗinsa na ƙarshe. Ta kuma rubuta kuma ta shirya fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na barkwanci ''na Tully'' (2018), inda ta sake haɗa ta da tauraruwar ''Young Adult'' Charlize Theron. Jason Reitman ne ya ba da umarni a fim ɗin, wanda a baya ya ba da umarni a rubuce-rubucen Cody don ''Juno'' and ''Young Adult'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Diablo Cody Talks About How Her Own Life Inspired Tully and A Summer Of Jagged Little Pill |url=https://www.awardsdaily.com/2018/11/06/diablo-cody-talks-about-how-her-own-life-inspired-tully-and-a-summer-of-jagged-little-pill/ |access-date=2026-02-17 |website=Awards Daily |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Cody |first=Diablo |date=2018-11-08 |title=In her own words, Diablo Cody reveals how writing ‘Tully’ saved her |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/envelope/la-en-mn-diablo-cody-writing-tully-20181108-story.html |access-date=2026-02-17 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}</ref> Ta rubuta rubutun waƙar ''Jagged Little Pill'' ta Broadway, bisa ga kundin Alanis Morissette mai suna iri ɗaya. An fara nuna waƙar a watan Nuwamba na 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McPhee |first=Ryan |date=November 3, 2019 |title=Alanis Morissette Musical Jagged Little Pill Begins on Broadway November 3 |url=http://www.playbill.com/article/alanis-morissette-musical-jagged-little-pill-begins-on-broadway-november-3 |access-date=2020-06-25 |website=Playbill |language=en}}</ref> A watan Agusta na 2020, Cody ta fara aiki da [[Madonna]] a wani fim na rayuwar mawaƙin. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Lattanzio |first=Ryan |date=August 9, 2020 |title=Madonna and Diablo Cody Are Working on a Screenplay in Quarantine |url=https://www.indiewire.com/2020/08/madonna-diablo-cody-screenplay-quarantine-1234578927/ |access-date=September 12, 2020 |website=IndieWire}}</ref> Duk da haka, daga baya ta janye daga aikin a watan Mayu na 2022 bayan ta gabatar da daftarin ƙarshe, <ref name="boot">{{Cite web |last=Kit |first=Borys |last2=Galuppo |first2=Mia |date=24 May 2022 |title=The Search for Madonna: Inside the Auditions for the Material Girl's Biopic |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/madonna-biopic-auditions-1235101860/#! |access-date=24 January 2023 |website=The Hollywood Reporter}}</ref> daga baya aka soke aikin a watan Janairun 2023. A watan Yunin 2022, an sanar da cewa Zelda Williams za ta fara shirya fim ɗinta na farko don yin kwaikwayon ''Lisa Frankenstein'' ta asali ta Cody, wadda Cody ya shirya tare da Mason Novick . Fim ɗin ya fito a watan Fabrairun 2024 tare da sharhi iri-iri, kodayake har yanzu yana haɓaka ƙaramin mabiya. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-02-09 |title=Lisa Frankenstein {{!}} Rotten Tomatoes |url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/lisa_frankenstein |access-date=2024-03-18 |website=www.rottentomatoes.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Emberwing |first=Amelia |date=2024-03-13 |title=We Did Lisa Frankenstein Dirty During Its Theatrical Run |url=https://www.ign.com/articles/we-did-lisa-frankenstein-dirty-during-its-theatrical-run |access-date=2024-03-17 |website=IGN}}</ref> An fara bayar da rahotonsa a watan Mayu na 2022, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bergeson |first=Samantha |date=2022-05-09 |title=DeuxMoi Book ‘Anon Pls’ Lands HBO Max Series Ahead of Novel’s Release |url=https://www.indiewire.com/features/general/deuxmoi-anon-pls-hbo-max-1234723323/ |access-date=2026-02-18 |website=IndieWire |language=en-US}}</ref> HBO Max ta sanar da alƙawarin rubuta-zuwa-jerin shirye-shirye don shirin wasan kwaikwayo na awa ɗaya bisa ga littafin DeuxMoi, "Anon Pls," ta hanyar Berlanti Productions tare da haɗin gwiwar Warner Bros. Television. A watan Nuwamba na 2023, an bayyana cewa an haɗa Cody da Ryan O'Connell a matsayin marubuta. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Otterson |first=Joe |date=2023-11-27 |title=DeuxMoi Series ‘Anon Pls’ at Max Hires Diablo Cody, Ryan O’Connell to Write (EXCLUSIVE) |url=https://variety.com/2023/tv/news/deuxmoi-series-anon-pls-max-writers-diablo-cody-ryan-oconnell-1235810039/ |access-date=2026-02-18 |website=Variety |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Mayu na 2025, an sanar da cewa Cody zai zama babban furodusa don wani shirin talabijin wanda aka yi amfani da shi wajen daidaita littafin soyayya na 'yan vampire na Kate Stayman-London mai suna "Fang Fiction". <ref>{{Cite web |last=Otterson |first=Joe |date=2025-05-08 |title=‘Fang Fiction’ TV Series in the Works at Madison Wells From Kate Stayman-London, Diablo Cody (EXCLUSIVE) |url=https://variety.com/2025/tv/news/fang-fiction-tv-series-kate-stayman-london-diablo-cody-1236391226/ |access-date=2026-02-17 |website=Variety |language=en-US}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri == A cikin tarihin rayuwarta, Cody ta rubuta labarin saurayinta "Jonny" (Jon Hunt) cikin ƙauna. Sun yi aure daga 2004 zuwa 2007, a lokacin an san ta a rayuwarta da Brook Busey-Hunt. A shekarar 2009, ta auri Dan Maurio, wanda ya yi aiki a Chelsea Kwanan nan, inda Cody shi ma ya kan bayyana a matsayin baƙo mai "zagaye". Suna da 'ya'ya maza uku, waɗanda aka haifa a 2010, 2012 da 2015. Cody abokin marubutan fina-finai ne Dana Fox ( ''What Happens in Vegas'', ''Couples Retreat'' ) da Lorene Scafaria ( ''Hustlers'' ), kuma sau da yawa suna rubuta fina-finansu tare don neman shawara daga juna. Dangane da dokar hana zubar da ciki ta Georgia ta shekarar 2019, Cody ta bayyana cewa ba ta san ko za ta rubuta wa ''Juno ba'' idan ta san "duniya za ta shiga cikin wannan mummunan yanayi", kamar yadda masu suka suka ɗauke shi a matsayin fim ɗin hana zubar da ciki . <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 May 2019 |title=Diablo Cody Says She Wouldn't Have Written 'Juno' in Today's 'Hellish Alternate Reality' |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/diablo-cody-juno-abortion_n_5cdd9ab6e4b09648227cc2e2}}</ref> Cody mace ce mai sha'awar hawa keke a tsawon rayuwarta kuma tana da zanen Giant Dipper a Belmont Park da ke San Diego a hannunta na dama. == Fim ɗin fim == === Fim === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" ! rowspan="2" scope="col" |Shekara ! rowspan="2" scope="col" | Lakabi ! colspan="2" scope="col" | An ƙirƙiro shi azaman ! rowspan="2" scope="col" | Bayanan kula ! rowspan="2" scope="col" | {{Abbr|Ref.|Reference(s)}} |- ! Marubuci ! Furodusa |- ! scope="row" | 2007 | ''Juno'' |{{Yes}}|{{No}} | | |- ! scope="row" | 2009 | ''Jikin Jennifer'' |{{Yes}}|{{Partial|Executive}} | | |- ! scope="row" | 2010 | ''Mai ƙarfi'' |{{Yes}}|{{No}} | gajeren fim | |- ! scope="row" | 2011 | ''Matasan Babba'' |{{Yes}}|{{Yes}} | | <ref>{{Cite web |last=Lovece |first=Frank |author-link=Frank Lovece |date=November 30, 2011 |title=High School Disunion: Charlize Theron, Diablo Cody & Jason Reitman on 'Young Adult' |url=http://www.filmjournal.com/filmjournal/content_display/news-and-features/features/movies/e3i2d8a79547a92e6e74e5bfa2ce3ab7012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111130180408/http://www.filmjournal.com/filmjournal/content_display/news-and-features/features/movies/e3i2d8a79547a92e6e74e5bfa2ce3ab7012 |archive-date=November 30, 2011 |access-date=November 30, 2011 |website=[[Film Journal International]]}}</ref> |- ! rowspan="2" scope="row" | 2013 | ''Aljanna'' |{{Yes}}|{{Partial|Executive}} | Haka kuma darakta | <ref>{{Cite web |last=Calfas |first=Jennifer |date=August 7, 2013 |title=Diablo Cody Celebrates 'Paradise,' Her Directorial Debut, With Hollywood Premiere |url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/julianne-hough-nick-offerman-celebrate-600880 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> |- | ''Munduwa Mai Sihiri'' |{{Yes}}|{{No}} | gajeren fim | |- ! scope="row" | 2015 | ''Ricki da Hasken Rana'' |{{Yes}}|{{Yes}} | | |- ! scope="row" | 2018 | ''Tully'' |{{Yes}}|{{Yes}} | | |- ! rowspan="2" scope="row" | 2024 | ''Lisa Frankenstein'' |{{Yes}}|{{Yes}} | | |- | ''Ina Son Ka Har Abada'' |{{No}}|{{Yes}} | | <ref>{{Cite web |last=Bergeson |first=Samantha |date=January 30, 2025 |title='I Love You Forever' Trailer: Sofia Black-D'Elia Falls for an Abusive Ray Nicholson in Hilarious Yet Poignant Anti-Rom-Com |url=https://www.indiewire.com/news/trailers/i-love-you-forever-trailer-sofia-black-delia-ray-nicholson-1235083141/ |access-date=January 31, 2025 |website=[[IndieWire]]}}</ref> |- ! scope="row" | 2026 |{{pending film|[[Forbidden Fruits]]}}|{{No}}|{{Yes}} | Bayan Samarwa | |} '''Gyaran rubutun da ba a tantance ba''' * ''Burlesque'' (2010) * ''Mugayen Matattu'' (2013) === Talabijin === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" ! rowspan="2" scope="col" |Shekara ! rowspan="2" scope="col" | Lakabi ! colspan="3" scope="col" | An ƙirƙiro shi azaman ! rowspan="2" scope="col" | Cibiyar sadarwa ! rowspan="2" scope="col" | Bayanan kula ! rowspan="2" scope="col" | {{Abbr|Ref.|Reference(s)}} |- ! Mai ƙirƙira ! Marubuci ! Babban Jami'i<br /><br /><br /><br /> Furodusa |- ! scope="row" | 2009–2011 | ''Amurka ta Tara'' |{{Yes}}|{{Yes}}|{{Yes}} | Lokacin wasan kwaikwayo | Shirye-shirye 36 | |- ! scope="row" | 2010 | ''Asibitin Yara'' |{{No}}|{{Yes}}|{{No}} | Yin iyo na manya | Kashi na "Nuna Ni a Montana" | |- ! scope="row" | 2015–2017 | ''Ɗaya daga cikin Mississippi'' |{{Yes}}|{{Yes}}|{{Yes}} | Bidiyon Amazon Prime | Shirye-shirye 12 | <ref>{{Cite web |last=Schwindt |first=Oriana |date=November 14, 2016 |title=Diablo Cody-Tig Notaro Comedy 'One Mississippi' Renewed at Amazon |url=https://variety.com/2016/tv/news/diablo-cody-tig-notaro-one-mississippi-renewed-1201917342/ |access-date=November 14, 2016 |publisher=Variety}}</ref> |} '''Matsayin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo''' {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" !Shekara ! Lakabi ! Matsayin ! Bayanan kula |- ! scope="row" | 2008 | ''Wasan Harbi na Lahadi da Safiya'' | rowspan="2" | Kanta | Kashi na "#5.13" |- ! scope="row" | 2009 | ''90210'' | Episode "Okaeri, Donna!" |- ! scope="row" | 2011 | ''Kaza Mai Rubutu'' | Muryoyi daban-daban | Kashi na "Kama Ni Idan Kai Kangaroo Jack" |} === Podcasts === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" !Kwanan wata ! Lakabi ! Shirin Kashi |- ! scope="row" | '''Afrilu 12, 2016''' | ''Tattaunawa Kai Tsaye da Ross Mathews'' | "Diablo Cody" |- ! scope="row" | '''13 ga Agusta, 2018''' | ''Shirin Podcast na Boo Crew'' | "Diablo Cody (Jikin Jennifer/Juno)" |- ! scope="row" | '''12 ga Mayu, 2019''' | ''Tarihin Tsoro na Eli Roth : Ba a yanke shi ba'' | "Diablo Cody" |- ! scope="row" | '''14 ga Mayu, 2019''' | ''A kiyaye!'' | "Faifan Sirrin Constance Wu (tare da Diablo Cody)" |- ! scope="row" | '''19 ga Agusta, 2019''' | ''Margaret Cho'' | "Diablo Cody, Durk Dehner, da SR Sharp" |- ! Janairu 24, 2024 | ''A kiyaye!'' | "Oscar Noms & Snubs (tare da Diablo Cody & Common )" |} == Lambobin yabo da nadin mukamai == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Year !Association !Category !Work !Result ! class="unsortable" |{{Abbr|Ref.|reference}} |- | rowspan="8" |2007 |Austin Film Critics Association Awards |Best Original Screenplay | rowspan="23" |''Juno'' |{{Won}} | rowspan="23" style="text-align:center;" |{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=June 2022}} |- |Chicago Film Critics Association Awards |Best Original Screenplay |{{Won}} |- |Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association |Best Screenplay |{{Won}} |- |Florida Film Critics Circle Awards |Best Screenplay |{{Won}} |- |Online Film Critics Society Awards |Best Original Screenplay |{{Won}} |- |San Diego Film Critics Society Awards |Best Original Screenplay |{{Won}} |- |Satellite Awards |Best Original Screenplay |{{Won}} |- |Washington DC Area Film Critics Association Awards |Best Original Screenplay |{{Won}} |- | rowspan="15" |2008 |Academy Awards |Best Original Screenplay |{{Won}} |- |BAFTA Awards |Best Original Screenplay |{{Won}} |- |Christopher Awards |Best Feature Film |{{Won}} |- |Cinema for Peace Award |Most Valuable Work of Director, Producer & Screenwriter |{{Won}} |- |Critics' Choice Awards |Best Original Screenplay |{{Won}} |- |Golden Globe Awards |Best Screenplay |{{Nom}} |- |Hollywood Film Festival Awards |Breakthrough Screenwriter of the Year |{{Won}} |- |Humanitas Prize |Feature Film Category |{{Nom}} |- |Independent Spirit Awards |Best First Screenplay |{{Won}} |- |Kansas City Film Critics Circle Awards |Best Original Screenplay |{{Won}} |- |Las Vegas Film Critics Society Awards |Best Screenplay |{{Won}} |- |National Board of Review Awards |Best Original Screenplay |{{Won}} |- |Phoenix Film Critics Society Awards |Best Original Screenplay |{{Won}} |- |Southeastern Film Critics Association Awards |Best Original Screenplay |{{Won}} |- |Writers Guild of America Awards |Best Original Screenplay |{{Won}} |- | rowspan="6" |2011 |Alliance of Women Film Journalists Awards |Best Woman Screenwriter | rowspan="8" |''Young Adult'' |{{Nom}} | rowspan="8" style="text-align:center;" |{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=June 2022}} |- |Central Ohio Film Critics Association Awards |Best Original Screenplay |{{Nom}} |- |Georgia Film Critics Association Awards |Best Original Screenplay |{{Nom}} |- |Hollywood Film Festival Awards |Screenwriter of the Year |{{Won}} |- |IndieWire Critics Poll Awards |Best Original Screenplay |{{Nom}} |- |Palm Springs International Film Festival Awards |Chairman's Vanguard Award |{{Won}} |- | rowspan="2" |2012 |Critics' Choice Awards |Best Original Screenplay |{{Nom}} |- |Writers Guild of America Awards |Best Original Screenplay |{{Nom}} |- |2017 |Writers Guild of America Awards |Television: Episodic Comedy |''One Mississippi'' |{{Nom}} | style="text-align:center;" |{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=June 2022}} |- | rowspan="5" |2019 |Alliance of Women Film Journalists Awards |Best Woman Screenwriter | rowspan="5" |''Tully'' |{{Nom}} | rowspan="5" style="text-align:center;" |{{Ana bukatan hujja|date=June 2022}} |- |International Online Cinema Awards |Best Original Screenplay |{{Nom}} |- |Leo Awards |Best Motion Picture |{{Nom}} |- | rowspan="2" |Women's Image Awards |Best Film Written By a Woman |{{Nom}} |- |Best Film Produced By a Woman |{{Nom}} |- | rowspan="2" |2020 |Outer Critics Circle Awards |Outstanding Book of a Musical | rowspan="2" |''Jagged Little Pill'' |{{Won}} | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 11, 2020 |title=Moulin Rouge! Tops 2020 Outer Critics Circle Award Honors |url=https://www.broadway.com/buzz/199278/moulin-rouge-tops-2020-outer-critics-circle-award-honors/}}</ref> |- |Tony Awards |Best Book of a Musical |{{Won}} | style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 15, 2020 |title=2020 Tony Award Nominations: Jagged Little Pill, Moulin Rouge!, Slave Play Lead the Pack |url=https://www.playbill.com/article/2020-tony-award-nominations-watch-the-announcement-and-check-for-live-updates-here/}}</ref> |} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1978]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 6jhspz08q87whjmb9vui8ywxrgzgcpo 0 141327 826331 812712 2026-04-25T18:49:13Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826331 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Praise Onyeagwalam Listenⓘ wanda aka fi sani da '''Daraktan Pink''' darektan fina-finai ne na Najeriya, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nwaokolo |first=Nneamaka |title=Top 13 Nigerian Music Video Directors of All Time |url=https://unorthodoxreviews.com/best-nigerian-music-video-directors |access-date=5 March 2025 |website=Unorthodox Reviews}}</ref> mai gudanarwa mai kirkirar abubuwa kuma malami. Ta yi fice bayan ta ba da umarnin bidiyon kiɗa "Running To You" na Chike ft [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] da "Abracadabra".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-03-20 |title=Meet the 21-Year-Old Female Director Behind Chike's ft Mayorkun Video |url=https://notjustok.com/article/interviews/meet-director-pink-the-21-year-old-female-director/ |access-date=2023-08-09 |website=NotjustOk |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-11-25 |title=Watch Praise Onyeagwalam's horror short film 'Lady Koi Koi' |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/watch-praise-onyeagwalams-horror-short-film-lady-koi-koi/mnebv6z |access-date=2023-08-09 |website=Pulse Nigeria |language=en}}</ref> Ita ce babban jami'in Pinkline Films kuma ita ce ta kafa Pinkline Academy, shirin horar da fim.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-08-28 |title=And The Nominees Are: Pinkline Films' Director Pink and Goodgirl LA |url=https://documentwomen.com/and-the-nominees-are-pinkline-films-director-pink-and-goodgirl-la |access-date=2023-08-09 |website=documentwomen.com |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Onyeagwalam ne a Jihar Legas, Najeriya . Ta kuma shafe mafi yawan yarinta a Legas, inda ta kuma sami karatun sakandare. A cikin 2020, ta sami digiri na farko a fannin tattalin arziƙi daga Jami'ar Legas . <ref>{{Cite web |last=ADEKUNLE |first=MUSA |date=2025-03-15 |title=Director Pink: Shooting for the stars |url=https://guardian.ng/life/on-the-cover/director-pink-shooting-for-the-stars/ |access-date=2025-10-01 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News |language=en-US}}</ref> Ta kuma kammala karatu a Kwalejin Fim ta London . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Akinsanmi |first='Sola |date=2025-10-18 |title=PinkLine Academy expands global reach, empowers next generation of filmmakers |url=https://guardian.ng/news/pinkline-academy-expands-global-reach-empowers-next-generation-of-filmmakers/ |access-date=2025-11-02 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News |language=en-US}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Onyeagwalam ya fara aiki a kafofin watsa labarai na gani tun yana matashi. Koyaya, ta shiga masana'antar fina-finai da bidiyo a hukumance a cikin shekarar 2020. Ta tashi zuwa shahararriya bayan ta ba da umarnin bidiyon fim din "Running To You" na Chike wanda ke nuna [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] wanda ya kuma zama bidiyon kiɗa da aka fi kallo a farkon rabin 2021. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-07-20 |title=Chike's 'Running (To You)' Becomes Most Viewed Music Video in 2021 |url=https://notjustok.com/news/chikes-running-to-you-becomes-most-viewed-music-video-in-2021/ |access-date=2023-08-09 |website=NotjustOk |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Nuwamba 2021, ta samar da wani ɗan gajeren fim mai ban tsoro mai taken "Lady Koikoi" wanda ya dogara ne akan tarihin makarantar sakandare ta Najeriya "Madam Koikoi".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-11-26 |title=Watch 'Lady Koi Koi,' A Horror Short Film By Praise Onyeagwalam - BlueprintAfric |url=https://blueprintafric.com/news/watch-lady-koi-koi-a-horror-short-film-by-praise-onyeagwalam/ |access-date=2023-08-09 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=YNaija |date=2023-04-17 |title=The Film Blog: 5 Brilliant Short Films You Should See on YouTube » YNaija |url=https://ynaija.com/5-brilliant-short-films-you-should-see-on-youtube/ |access-date=2023-08-09 |website=YNaija |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ta yi aiki tare da masu zane-zane a cikin nau'o'i daban-daban ciki har da [[Wizkid]], [[Lil Kesh]], Mercy Chinwo da sauransu. === Fim ɗin Pinkline da Kwalejin Pinkline === Ta kafa Pinkline Films, kamfanin samar da kayayyaki na Legas wanda ke samar da bidiyon kiɗa, abun ciki mai alama, da gajeren fina-finai. Onyeagwalam ya kuma kafa Kwalejin Pinkline, shirin horar da fina-finai wanda aka haɓaka don horar da masu ƙirƙirar Afirka masu tasowa, haɓaka ayyukan ƙirƙirar mata da samar da ƙwarewar samarwa, jagoranci, da kuma samun damar masana'antu. == Hotunan bidiyo == {| class="wikitable" |+ !Shekara !Taken waƙar !Mai zane |- | rowspan="9" |2025 |10 Kilo <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nwaokolo |first=Sandra |date=2025-08-13 |title=Davido pays tribute to late Sound Sultan in '10 Kilo' music video |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/davido-pays-tribute-to-late-sound-sultan-in-10-kilo-music-video/ |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=Tribune Online |language=en-GB}}</ref> |[[Davido]] |- |Mbali |[[Yemi Alade]] |- |Summerdina |Babban Firist, Boypee da Zoro |- |Jumma'a da dare <ref>{{Cite web |last=Rapheal |date=2025-08-09 |title=Nasboi partners Victor Osimhen for Friday Night visuals |url=https://thesun.ng/nasboi-partners-victor-osimhen-for-friday-night-visuals/ |access-date=2025-10-03 |website=The Sun Nigeria |language=en}}</ref> |Nasboi |- |Lokacin da Ka Ce Wani Abu |[[Mercy Chinwo|Rahama Chinwo]] |- |Odeshi |Timaya |- |Kai ne |[[Yemi Alade]] |- |Wanda ya tsira |Olivetheboy x [[Qing Madi]] |- |Saroje |Dera |- |2024 |Egwu |Chike ft [[MohBad|Mohbad]] |- | rowspan="14" |2023 |Tabbaci <ref>{{Cite web |last=TheTalkHive |date=2023-03-26 |title=Mercy Chinwo's Confidence Music Video A Depiction of Her Musical Journey? Cana by Seyi vibez |url=https://thetalkhive.com/mercy-chinwos-confidence-music-video-a-depiction-of-her-musical-journey/ |access-date=2023-08-09 |website=The Talk Hive |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-08-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230810230731/https://thetalkhive.com/mercy-chinwos-confidence-music-video-a-depiction-of-her-musical-journey/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |[[Mercy Chinwo|Rahama Chinwo]] |- |Magana <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mudasiru |first=Wisdom |date=2023-03-15 |title=Chike and Oxlade Join Forces to Deliver Emotionally Charged "Spell (Remix)" |url=https://culturecustodian.com/chike-and-oxlade-join-forces-to-deliver-emotionally-charged-spell-remix/ |access-date=2023-08-09 |website=The Culture Custodian}}</ref> |Chike ft Oxlade |- |Barka da shi |DJ Neptune ft Ruger[[Ruger (musician)|Ragewa]] |- |Babu Sauran Yanayi |Rexxie ft Zinoleesky |- |Asiko |Rexxie ft Lojay |- |Abracadabra <ref>{{Cite web |last=Somto |first=Bisina |date=2023-04-02 |title=Abracadabra (Remix): See Rexxie, Wizkid In New Video |url=https://www.primebusiness.africa/abracadabra-remix-see-rexxie-wizkid-in-new-video/ |access-date=2023-08-09 |website=Prime Business Africa |language=en-US}}</ref> |[[Wizkid]], Skiibii, [[Naira Marley]] & Rexxie |- |Man fetur |[[Qing Madi]] ft BNXN (Fka Buju) |- |Ego Oyibo <ref>{{Cite web |last=FAB.NG |date=2023-07-26 |title=New Video: Chiké – Ego Oyibo Directed by Director Pink - Fab Magazine |url=https://fab.ng/2023/07/chike-ego-oyibo-fab-ng-2/,%20https://fab.ng/2023/07/chike-ego-oyibo-fab-ng-2/ |access-date=2023-08-09 |language=en-US}}</ref> |Chike |- |Ovami <ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2023-05-23 |title=#MUSICVID: Rich Nigerian Culture Is Well Exhibited In Oxlade & Flavour's New Hit Song 'OVAMI' - Fashion GHANA |url=https://www.fashionghana.com/site/oxlade-flavour-ovami-nigerian-culture-video/ |access-date=2023-08-09 |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-08-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230810230322/https://www.fashionghana.com/site/oxlade-flavour-ovami-nigerian-culture-video/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |Oxlade ft dandanoJin daɗi |- |Baƙo <ref>{{Cite web |title=Video: Simi drops visuals for "Stranger" - P.M. News |url=https://pmnewsnigeria.com/2023/06/16/video-simi-drops-visuals-for-stranger/ |access-date=2023-08-09 |language=en-US}}</ref> |[[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] |- |Jin ban dariya |[[Lil Kesh]] ft [[Young Jonn|Matashi John]] |- |Dukkanin Idanu a kaina |[[Niniola]] |- |Har ila yau, guda |Harmonize ft Ruger[[Ruger (musician)|Ragewa]] |- |Kulawa <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-11-23 |title=Soundz releases video for his viral hit song, 'Attention' |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/soundz-releases-video-for-his-viral-hit-song-attention/clz0nwd |access-date=2023-08-09 |website=Pulse Nigeria |language=en}}</ref> |Sound |- | rowspan="13" |2022 |Abincin safe |Ugoccie ft Phyno |- |Da wuya a samu |Chike ft dandanoJin daɗi |- |Zaman Lafiya |Brown Joel |- |Nwoke Oma <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-03-17 |title=Chiké Delves Deeper Inwards and Preaches Reality in Visuals for "Nwoke Oma" - Afrocritik |url=https://www.afrocritik.com/chike-delves-deeper-inwards-and-preaches-reality-in-visuals-for-nwoke-oma/ |access-date=2023-08-09 |language=en}}</ref> |Chike |- |Yin niƙa |DJ Neptune ft S1mba |- |Ya riga ya ci nasara <ref>{{Cite web |last=Nwangwu |first=Adaora |date=2022-07-01 |title=Dunnie Debuts Music Video For New Single 'Already Won' Featuring Chike |url=https://culturecustodian.com/dunnie-debuts-music-video-for-new-single-already-won-featuring-chike/ |access-date=2023-08-09 |website=The Culture Custodian (Est. 2014.) |language=en-GB}}</ref> |Dunnie ft Chike |- |Nack |Mai warkarwa |- |WYD <ref>{{Cite web |last=Music |first=Jukebox |date=2022-05-12 |title=Watch Killertunes In Visuals For "WYD" - Jukebox Music |url=https://jukeboxmusic.com.ng/watch-killertunes-in-visuals-for-wyd/,%20https://jukeboxmusic.com.ng/watch-killertunes-in-visuals-for-wyd/ |access-date=2023-08-09 |language=en-GB }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> |Killertunes |- |Hosanna |Masterkraft ft Chike |- |Bi ka <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2021-10-16 |title=Chike, Gyakie Join Fiokee In Love Riddim "Follow You" |url=https://guardian.ng/life/chike-gyakie-join-fiokee-in-love-riddim-follow-you/ |access-date=2023-08-09 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News |language=en-US}}</ref> |Fiokee ft Gyakie & Chike |- |Chi Efo <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tv |first=Bn |date=2022-05-17 |title=New Video: J'Dess feat. The Cavemen, Waje, Selebobo, Chigurl, Zoro & Loud Urban Choir – Chi Efo |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2022/05/music-video-jdess-chi-efo/ |access-date=2023-08-09 |website= |language=en-US}}</ref> |J'dess ft Cavemen, [[Waje]], [[Chigul]], [[Selebobo]], Zoro & Loud Choir |- |Medusa<ref>{{Cite web |title=Layzee Ella unveils music video 'Medusa' featuring Khaid - P.M. News |url=https://pmnewsnigeria.com/2022/10/19/layzee-ella-unveils-debut-music-video-medusa-featuring-khaid/ |access-date=2023-08-09 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Okim |first=Itty |date=2022-10-19 |title=Layzee Ella References Art in Stunning "Medusa" Video ft. Khaid Directed by Pink |url=https://digimillennials.com/press-releases/layzee-ella-references-art-in-stunning-new-medusa-video-ft-khaid/ |access-date=2023-08-09 |language=en-US}}</ref> |Layzee Ella ft [[Khaid]] |- |Mugun Ra'ayi |TAR1Q |- | rowspan="4" |2021 |Mai haɗari |Cibiyar [[Ayra Starr]] |- |Ɗan Ɗan Ɗaya |Ric Hassani |- |Domin Kai |[[Chidinma|Chidinma Ekile]] |- |Daidaitawa |B2C Uganda |- | rowspan="2" |2020 |Ba ku son ni |Chike ft [[Mayorkun]] |- |Gudun Gudu Ganuwa<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2021-02-12 |title=Chike unveils cinematic video for 'Running (To You)' feat. Simi {{!}} WATCH VIDEO! |url=https://notjustok.com/videos/chike-simi-running-to-you-video/ |access-date=2023-08-09 |website=NotjustOk |language=en-US}}</ref> |Chike ft [[Simisola Kosoko|Simi]] |- | |Filomena |Marxii |- | |Roju |Chike |} === Fim din === {| class="wikitable" |+ !Shekara !Taken !Matsayi !Bayani |- |2021 |Lady Koi Koi <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2021-12-03 |title=Director Pink serves suspense, thrills and actions in Lady Koi Koi |url=https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/director-pink-serves-suspense-thrills-and-actions-in-lady-koi-koi/ |access-date=2023-08-09 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-11-25 |title=Watch Praise Onyeagwalam's horror short film 'Lady Koi Koi' |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/watch-praise-onyeagwalams-horror-short-film-lady-koi-koi/mnebv6z |access-date=2023-08-09 |website=Pulse Nigeria |language=en}}</ref> |Mai gabatarwa |Gajeren fim |} == Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa == {| class="wikitable" |+ !Shekara !Kyautar !Sashe !Ayyuka !Sakamakon !Ref |- |2025 |Headies |Bidiyo na Kiɗa na Shekara "Egwu" - Darakta Pink |Shi da kansa|{{Won}} |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Headies Award 2025 winners full list: Davido, Odumodu BLVCK, Tems, Rema and odas wey win for di 17th edition |url=https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/articles/c62je7k97nro.amp |access-date=30 April 2025 |website=BBC}}</ref> |- |2024 |Kyautar Kiɗa ta TurnTable |Kyakkyawan Nasarar Gudanarwa don Bidiyo na Kiɗa |Shi da kansa|{{Won}} |<ref>{{Cite web |title=The TurnTable 2024 Music Awards |url=https://www.turntablecharts.com/magazine/6th/134 |access-date=2 April 2025 |website=TurnTable Charts |publisher=TurnTable}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" |2023 |Headies |Bidiyo mafi kyau na kiɗa |Magana|{{Nom}} |<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-07-12 |title=Burna Boy, Rema, Ruger, Asake lead 2023 Headies nomination list [Full Nomination List] |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/the-full-nomination-list-for-the-2023-headies-awards/5r1yw44 |access-date=2023-08-09 |website=Pulse Nigeria |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-07-12 |title=Headies Award 2023 nominees list: Asake, Burna Boy, Tiwa Savage plus odas wey make di list |url=https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/articles/c06e8prrgm2o |access-date=2023-08-09 |website=BBC News Pidgin}}</ref> |- |AFRIMMA |Darakta Mafi Kyawun Bidiyo |__|{{Won}} |<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-08 |title=AFRIMMA Awards 2023 Nominees : The Complete List Notjustok |url=https://notjustok.com/eastafrica/awards/afrimma-awards-2023-nominees/ |access-date=2023-08-09 |website=Latest East African & Bongo Flava Music, Songs & Video - Notjustok |language=en-US}}</ref> |- | rowspan="3" |2022 |Headies |Bidiyo mafi kyau na kiɗa |Roju|{{Nom}} |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Aderoju |first=Darlene |date=2022-07-27 |title=Wizkid Leads 2022 Headies Awards Nominees: See Complete List |url=https://www.billboard.com/music/awards/headies-awards-2022-nominations-1235118266/ |access-date=2023-08-09 |website=Billboard |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-05-24 |title=#15thHeadies: Meji Alabi, TG Omori, Others Nominated For Best Music Video {{!}} SEE LIST |url=https://notjustok.com/news/15thheadies-best-music-video-nomination/ |access-date=2023-08-09 |website=NotjustOk |language=en-US}}</ref> |- |AFRIMMA |Bidiyo mafi kyau na kiɗa |Mace-mace Oma|{{Nom}} |<ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=Here Are All the Winners at the AFRIMA Awards - Okayplayer |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/afrima-awards-winners-list/ |access-date=2023-08-09 |website=www.okayafrica.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-01-16 |title=#AFRIMA8: Here Is The Full List Of Winners At The AFRIMA Awards 2023 |url=https://notjustok.com/news/the-full-list-of-winners-at-the-afrima-awards-2023/ |access-date=2023-08-09 |website=NotjustOk |language=en-US}}</ref> |- |Kyautar Kiɗa ta Galaxy |Daraktan Bidiyo na Shekara |__|{{Nom}} |<ref>{{Cite web |title=#GMA22: Official Nomination List and Voting Link, Out Now! – The GMAs |url=https://galaxymusicawards.com/gma22-official-nomination-list-and-voting-link-out-now/ |access-date=2023-08-09 |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-08-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230810225143/https://galaxymusicawards.com/gma22-official-nomination-list-and-voting-link-out-now/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |} == Dubi kuma == * Jerin masu shirya fina-finai na Najeriya == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1999]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 4wj6ol1ivip9ujm478d28k5x4vyx5gi 0 142182 826578 800819 2026-04-26T07:56:07Z Pharouqenr 25549 826578 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tamika Tremaglio''' ta kasance tsohuwar darakta mai kula da ƙungiyar 'yan wasan ƙwallon kwando ta ƙasa (NBPA) . 'Yan wasan sun zaɓi Tremaglio don maye gurbin Michele Roberts a ranar 22 ga Satumba, 2021, kuma a hukumance ya shiga cikin wannan matsayi bayan da Roberts ya yi ritaya a farkon Janairu 2022. Kafin ya shiga NBPA a matsayin babban darakta, Tremaglio, wanda ya yi ritaya daga Deloitte LLP, ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Darakta na ofisoshin Deloitte na Babban Birnin Washington. <ref name=":0" /> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Tremaglio a gundumar St. Mary, [[Maryland]] . Tremaglio ta sami digirin farko na Fasaha daga Jami'ar Mount St. Mary a fannin Kasuwanci da Kuɗi a shekarar 1992. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tamika Tremaglio, C'92 {{!}} Mount St. Mary's University |url=https://msmary.edu/lives-of-significance/tamika-tremaglio.html |access-date=2022-01-29 |website=msmary.edu}}</ref> Ta sami digirin JD daga Makarantar Shari'a ta Jami'ar Maryland da kuma digirin MBA daga Jami'ar Baltimore . <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Axson |first=Scooby |title=New NBPA head Tamika Tremaglio: 'Next generation leader' for a complicated time |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nba/2022/02/16/new-nbpa-head-tamika-tremaglio-next-generation-leader/6766303001/ |access-date=2022-02-24 |website=USA TODAY |language=en-US}}</ref> Mahaifiyar Tremaglio, Pamela Langley, ta halarci Jami'ar Jihar Morgan . <ref name=":0" /> == Sana'a == Tremaglio ta shiga Deloitte a watan Nuwamba na 2010 kuma an naɗa ta Manajan Shugabar Yankin Babban Birnin Washington a 2017. Daga baya ta shiga NBPA a matsayin babbar darekta. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Axson |first=Scooby |title=New NBPA head Tamika Tremaglio: 'Next generation leader' for a complicated time |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nba/2022/02/16/new-nbpa-head-tamika-tremaglio-next-generation-leader/6766303001/ |access-date=2022-02-24 |website=USA TODAY |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFAxson">Axson, Scooby. [https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nba/2022/02/16/new-nbpa-head-tamika-tremaglio-next-generation-leader/6766303001/ "New NBPA head Tamika Tremaglio: 'Next generation leader' for a complicated time"]. ''USA TODAY''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-02-24</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Daraja == An nada Tremaglio a matsayin Manajan Abokin Hulɗa na Shekara a shekarar 2019 ta Jaridar Kasuwanci ta Washington [1] kuma an zaɓe ta a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin Mata 150 Mafi Ƙarfi a Washington a 2019 da 2021 ta Mujallar Washingtonian . [2] [3] A shekarar 2020, Tremaglio ta sami lambar yabo ta uku daga ƙungiyar horar da ƙwararru masu kyau . [4] == Rayuwa ta sirri == Tremaglio ta auri Gregory A. Tremaglio kuma tana da 'ya'ya maza biyu, Rocque da Reece. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tamika Tremaglio - Uncensored: Stories of Black Professionals |url=https://www2.deloitte.com/us/en/pages/about-deloitte/articles/uncensored-stories-of-black-professionals-tamika-tremaglio.html |access-date=April 21, 2022 |website=Deloitte United States |language=en-us}}</ref> Ita [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]] ce kuma ta daɗe tana zama memba a Cocin St. Peter Claver da ke St. Inigoes, Maryland . <ref>{{Cite web |date=October 7, 2021 |title=Tamika Tremaglio—a Black Catholic—named head of NBA players' union |url=https://www.blackcatholicmessenger.com/nbpa-hires-tremaglio/ |access-date=April 21, 2022 |website=Black Catholic Messenger |language=en}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 3t92p2alx4qa4g5vnp5hga27vfviiet 826580 826578 2026-04-26T07:56:17Z Pharouqenr 25549 826580 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tamika Tremaglio''' ta kasance tsohuwar darakta mai kula da ƙungiyar 'yan wasan ƙwallon kwando ta ƙasa (NBPA). 'Yan wasan sun zaɓi Tremaglio don maye gurbin Michele Roberts a ranar 22 ga Satumba, 2021, kuma a hukumance ya shiga cikin wannan matsayi bayan da Roberts ya yi ritaya a farkon Janairu 2022. Kafin ya shiga NBPA a matsayin babban darakta, Tremaglio, wanda ya yi ritaya daga Deloitte LLP, ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Darakta na ofisoshin Deloitte na Babban Birnin Washington. <ref name=":0" /> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Tremaglio a gundumar St. Mary, [[Maryland]] . Tremaglio ta sami digirin farko na Fasaha daga Jami'ar Mount St. Mary a fannin Kasuwanci da Kuɗi a shekarar 1992. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tamika Tremaglio, C'92 {{!}} Mount St. Mary's University |url=https://msmary.edu/lives-of-significance/tamika-tremaglio.html |access-date=2022-01-29 |website=msmary.edu}}</ref> Ta sami digirin JD daga Makarantar Shari'a ta Jami'ar Maryland da kuma digirin MBA daga Jami'ar Baltimore . <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Axson |first=Scooby |title=New NBPA head Tamika Tremaglio: 'Next generation leader' for a complicated time |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nba/2022/02/16/new-nbpa-head-tamika-tremaglio-next-generation-leader/6766303001/ |access-date=2022-02-24 |website=USA TODAY |language=en-US}}</ref> Mahaifiyar Tremaglio, Pamela Langley, ta halarci Jami'ar Jihar Morgan . <ref name=":0" /> == Sana'a == Tremaglio ta shiga Deloitte a watan Nuwamba na 2010 kuma an naɗa ta Manajan Shugabar Yankin Babban Birnin Washington a 2017. Daga baya ta shiga NBPA a matsayin babbar darekta. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Axson |first=Scooby |title=New NBPA head Tamika Tremaglio: 'Next generation leader' for a complicated time |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nba/2022/02/16/new-nbpa-head-tamika-tremaglio-next-generation-leader/6766303001/ |access-date=2022-02-24 |website=USA TODAY |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFAxson">Axson, Scooby. [https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nba/2022/02/16/new-nbpa-head-tamika-tremaglio-next-generation-leader/6766303001/ "New NBPA head Tamika Tremaglio: 'Next generation leader' for a complicated time"]. ''USA TODAY''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-02-24</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Daraja == An nada Tremaglio a matsayin Manajan Abokin Hulɗa na Shekara a shekarar 2019 ta Jaridar Kasuwanci ta Washington [1] kuma an zaɓe ta a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin Mata 150 Mafi Ƙarfi a Washington a 2019 da 2021 ta Mujallar Washingtonian . [2] [3] A shekarar 2020, Tremaglio ta sami lambar yabo ta uku daga ƙungiyar horar da ƙwararru masu kyau . [4] == Rayuwa ta sirri == Tremaglio ta auri Gregory A. Tremaglio kuma tana da 'ya'ya maza biyu, Rocque da Reece. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tamika Tremaglio - Uncensored: Stories of Black Professionals |url=https://www2.deloitte.com/us/en/pages/about-deloitte/articles/uncensored-stories-of-black-professionals-tamika-tremaglio.html |access-date=April 21, 2022 |website=Deloitte United States |language=en-us}}</ref> Ita [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]] ce kuma ta daɗe tana zama memba a Cocin St. Peter Claver da ke St. Inigoes, Maryland . <ref>{{Cite web |date=October 7, 2021 |title=Tamika Tremaglio—a Black Catholic—named head of NBA players' union |url=https://www.blackcatholicmessenger.com/nbpa-hires-tremaglio/ |access-date=April 21, 2022 |website=Black Catholic Messenger |language=en}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] n276k3pewksa2aggidlhurkgjvnqthq 826582 826580 2026-04-26T07:56:34Z Pharouqenr 25549 826582 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tamika Tremaglio''' ta kasance tsohuwar darakta mai kula da ƙungiyar 'yan wasan ƙwallon kwando ta ƙasa (NBPA). 'Yan wasan sun zaɓi Tremaglio don maye gurbin Michele Roberts a ranar 22 ga Satumba, 2021, kuma a hukumance ya shiga cikin wannan matsayi bayan da Roberts ya yi ritaya a farkon Janairu 2022. Kafin ya shiga NBPA a matsayin babban darakta, Tremaglio, wanda ya yi ritaya daga Deloitte LLP, ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Darakta na ofisoshin Deloitte na Babban Birnin Washington. <ref name=":0" /> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Tremaglio a gundumar St. Mary, [[Maryland]] . Tremaglio ta sami digirin farko na Fasaha daga Jami'ar Mount St. Mary a fannin Kasuwanci da Kuɗi a shekarar 1992.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tamika Tremaglio, C'92 {{!}} Mount St. Mary's University |url=https://msmary.edu/lives-of-significance/tamika-tremaglio.html |access-date=2022-01-29 |website=msmary.edu}}</ref> Ta sami digirin JD daga Makarantar Shari'a ta Jami'ar Maryland da kuma digirin MBA daga Jami'ar Baltimore . <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Axson |first=Scooby |title=New NBPA head Tamika Tremaglio: 'Next generation leader' for a complicated time |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nba/2022/02/16/new-nbpa-head-tamika-tremaglio-next-generation-leader/6766303001/ |access-date=2022-02-24 |website=USA TODAY |language=en-US}}</ref> Mahaifiyar Tremaglio, Pamela Langley, ta halarci Jami'ar Jihar Morgan . <ref name=":0" /> == Sana'a == Tremaglio ta shiga Deloitte a watan Nuwamba na 2010 kuma an naɗa ta Manajan Shugabar Yankin Babban Birnin Washington a 2017. Daga baya ta shiga NBPA a matsayin babbar darekta. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Axson |first=Scooby |title=New NBPA head Tamika Tremaglio: 'Next generation leader' for a complicated time |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nba/2022/02/16/new-nbpa-head-tamika-tremaglio-next-generation-leader/6766303001/ |access-date=2022-02-24 |website=USA TODAY |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFAxson">Axson, Scooby. [https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nba/2022/02/16/new-nbpa-head-tamika-tremaglio-next-generation-leader/6766303001/ "New NBPA head Tamika Tremaglio: 'Next generation leader' for a complicated time"]. ''USA TODAY''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-02-24</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Daraja == An nada Tremaglio a matsayin Manajan Abokin Hulɗa na Shekara a shekarar 2019 ta Jaridar Kasuwanci ta Washington [1] kuma an zaɓe ta a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin Mata 150 Mafi Ƙarfi a Washington a 2019 da 2021 ta Mujallar Washingtonian . [2] [3] A shekarar 2020, Tremaglio ta sami lambar yabo ta uku daga ƙungiyar horar da ƙwararru masu kyau . [4] == Rayuwa ta sirri == Tremaglio ta auri Gregory A. Tremaglio kuma tana da 'ya'ya maza biyu, Rocque da Reece. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tamika Tremaglio - Uncensored: Stories of Black Professionals |url=https://www2.deloitte.com/us/en/pages/about-deloitte/articles/uncensored-stories-of-black-professionals-tamika-tremaglio.html |access-date=April 21, 2022 |website=Deloitte United States |language=en-us}}</ref> Ita [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]] ce kuma ta daɗe tana zama memba a Cocin St. Peter Claver da ke St. Inigoes, Maryland . <ref>{{Cite web |date=October 7, 2021 |title=Tamika Tremaglio—a Black Catholic—named head of NBA players' union |url=https://www.blackcatholicmessenger.com/nbpa-hires-tremaglio/ |access-date=April 21, 2022 |website=Black Catholic Messenger |language=en}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 23lvmldfgr7htpe87eqxryd3xbagjxr 826583 826582 2026-04-26T07:56:49Z Pharouqenr 25549 826583 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tamika Tremaglio''' ta kasance tsohuwar darakta mai kula da ƙungiyar 'yan wasan ƙwallon kwando ta ƙasa (NBPA). 'Yan wasan sun zaɓi Tremaglio don maye gurbin Michele Roberts a ranar 22 ga Satumba, 2021, kuma a hukumance ya shiga cikin wannan matsayi bayan da Roberts ya yi ritaya a farkon Janairu 2022. Kafin ya shiga NBPA a matsayin babban darakta, Tremaglio, wanda ya yi ritaya daga Deloitte LLP, ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Darakta na ofisoshin Deloitte na Babban Birnin Washington. <ref name=":0" /> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Tremaglio a gundumar St. Mary, [[Maryland]]. Tremaglio ta sami digirin farko na Fasaha daga Jami'ar Mount St. Mary a fannin Kasuwanci da Kuɗi a shekarar 1992.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tamika Tremaglio, C'92 {{!}} Mount St. Mary's University |url=https://msmary.edu/lives-of-significance/tamika-tremaglio.html |access-date=2022-01-29 |website=msmary.edu}}</ref> Ta sami digirin JD daga Makarantar Shari'a ta Jami'ar Maryland da kuma digirin MBA daga Jami'ar Baltimore . <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Axson |first=Scooby |title=New NBPA head Tamika Tremaglio: 'Next generation leader' for a complicated time |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nba/2022/02/16/new-nbpa-head-tamika-tremaglio-next-generation-leader/6766303001/ |access-date=2022-02-24 |website=USA TODAY |language=en-US}}</ref> Mahaifiyar Tremaglio, Pamela Langley, ta halarci Jami'ar Jihar Morgan . <ref name=":0" /> == Sana'a == Tremaglio ta shiga Deloitte a watan Nuwamba na 2010 kuma an naɗa ta Manajan Shugabar Yankin Babban Birnin Washington a 2017. Daga baya ta shiga NBPA a matsayin babbar darekta. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Axson |first=Scooby |title=New NBPA head Tamika Tremaglio: 'Next generation leader' for a complicated time |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nba/2022/02/16/new-nbpa-head-tamika-tremaglio-next-generation-leader/6766303001/ |access-date=2022-02-24 |website=USA TODAY |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFAxson">Axson, Scooby. [https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nba/2022/02/16/new-nbpa-head-tamika-tremaglio-next-generation-leader/6766303001/ "New NBPA head Tamika Tremaglio: 'Next generation leader' for a complicated time"]. ''USA TODAY''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-02-24</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Daraja == An nada Tremaglio a matsayin Manajan Abokin Hulɗa na Shekara a shekarar 2019 ta Jaridar Kasuwanci ta Washington [1] kuma an zaɓe ta a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin Mata 150 Mafi Ƙarfi a Washington a 2019 da 2021 ta Mujallar Washingtonian . [2] [3] A shekarar 2020, Tremaglio ta sami lambar yabo ta uku daga ƙungiyar horar da ƙwararru masu kyau . [4] == Rayuwa ta sirri == Tremaglio ta auri Gregory A. Tremaglio kuma tana da 'ya'ya maza biyu, Rocque da Reece. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tamika Tremaglio - Uncensored: Stories of Black Professionals |url=https://www2.deloitte.com/us/en/pages/about-deloitte/articles/uncensored-stories-of-black-professionals-tamika-tremaglio.html |access-date=April 21, 2022 |website=Deloitte United States |language=en-us}}</ref> Ita [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]] ce kuma ta daɗe tana zama memba a Cocin St. Peter Claver da ke St. Inigoes, Maryland . <ref>{{Cite web |date=October 7, 2021 |title=Tamika Tremaglio—a Black Catholic—named head of NBA players' union |url=https://www.blackcatholicmessenger.com/nbpa-hires-tremaglio/ |access-date=April 21, 2022 |website=Black Catholic Messenger |language=en}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 7wmrqcl3nf3gm8kl0po3plwd67wyitb 826584 826583 2026-04-26T07:57:04Z Pharouqenr 25549 826584 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tamika Tremaglio''' ta kasance tsohuwar darakta mai kula da ƙungiyar 'yan wasan ƙwallon kwando ta ƙasa (NBPA). 'Yan wasan sun zaɓi Tremaglio don maye gurbin Michele Roberts a ranar 22 ga Satumba, 2021, kuma a hukumance ya shiga cikin wannan matsayi bayan da Roberts ya yi ritaya a farkon Janairu 2022. Kafin ya shiga NBPA a matsayin babban darakta, Tremaglio, wanda ya yi ritaya daga Deloitte LLP, ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Darakta na ofisoshin Deloitte na Babban Birnin Washington.<ref name=":0" /> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Tremaglio a gundumar St. Mary, [[Maryland]]. Tremaglio ta sami digirin farko na Fasaha daga Jami'ar Mount St. Mary a fannin Kasuwanci da Kuɗi a shekarar 1992.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tamika Tremaglio, C'92 {{!}} Mount St. Mary's University |url=https://msmary.edu/lives-of-significance/tamika-tremaglio.html |access-date=2022-01-29 |website=msmary.edu}}</ref> Ta sami digirin JD daga Makarantar Shari'a ta Jami'ar Maryland da kuma digirin MBA daga Jami'ar Baltimore . <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Axson |first=Scooby |title=New NBPA head Tamika Tremaglio: 'Next generation leader' for a complicated time |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nba/2022/02/16/new-nbpa-head-tamika-tremaglio-next-generation-leader/6766303001/ |access-date=2022-02-24 |website=USA TODAY |language=en-US}}</ref> Mahaifiyar Tremaglio, Pamela Langley, ta halarci Jami'ar Jihar Morgan . <ref name=":0" /> == Sana'a == Tremaglio ta shiga Deloitte a watan Nuwamba na 2010 kuma an naɗa ta Manajan Shugabar Yankin Babban Birnin Washington a 2017. Daga baya ta shiga NBPA a matsayin babbar darekta. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Axson |first=Scooby |title=New NBPA head Tamika Tremaglio: 'Next generation leader' for a complicated time |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nba/2022/02/16/new-nbpa-head-tamika-tremaglio-next-generation-leader/6766303001/ |access-date=2022-02-24 |website=USA TODAY |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFAxson">Axson, Scooby. [https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nba/2022/02/16/new-nbpa-head-tamika-tremaglio-next-generation-leader/6766303001/ "New NBPA head Tamika Tremaglio: 'Next generation leader' for a complicated time"]. ''USA TODAY''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-02-24</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Daraja == An nada Tremaglio a matsayin Manajan Abokin Hulɗa na Shekara a shekarar 2019 ta Jaridar Kasuwanci ta Washington [1] kuma an zaɓe ta a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin Mata 150 Mafi Ƙarfi a Washington a 2019 da 2021 ta Mujallar Washingtonian . [2] [3] A shekarar 2020, Tremaglio ta sami lambar yabo ta uku daga ƙungiyar horar da ƙwararru masu kyau . [4] == Rayuwa ta sirri == Tremaglio ta auri Gregory A. Tremaglio kuma tana da 'ya'ya maza biyu, Rocque da Reece. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tamika Tremaglio - Uncensored: Stories of Black Professionals |url=https://www2.deloitte.com/us/en/pages/about-deloitte/articles/uncensored-stories-of-black-professionals-tamika-tremaglio.html |access-date=April 21, 2022 |website=Deloitte United States |language=en-us}}</ref> Ita [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]] ce kuma ta daɗe tana zama memba a Cocin St. Peter Claver da ke St. Inigoes, Maryland . <ref>{{Cite web |date=October 7, 2021 |title=Tamika Tremaglio—a Black Catholic—named head of NBA players' union |url=https://www.blackcatholicmessenger.com/nbpa-hires-tremaglio/ |access-date=April 21, 2022 |website=Black Catholic Messenger |language=en}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 83491yp7ttbvtimhk5775z3jmtt8awg 826586 826584 2026-04-26T07:57:20Z Pharouqenr 25549 826586 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tamika Tremaglio''' ta kasance tsohuwar darakta mai kula da ƙungiyar 'yan wasan ƙwallon kwando ta ƙasa (NBPA). 'Yan wasan sun zaɓi Tremaglio don maye gurbin Michele Roberts a ranar 22 ga Satumba, 2021, kuma a hukumance ya shiga cikin wannan matsayi bayan da Roberts ya yi ritaya a farkon Janairu 2022. Kafin ya shiga NBPA a matsayin babban darakta, Tremaglio, wanda ya yi ritaya daga Deloitte LLP, ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Darakta na ofisoshin Deloitte na Babban Birnin Washington.<ref name=":0" /> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Tremaglio a gundumar St. Mary, [[Maryland]]. Tremaglio ta sami digirin farko na Fasaha daga Jami'ar Mount St. Mary a fannin Kasuwanci da Kuɗi a shekarar 1992.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tamika Tremaglio, C'92 {{!}} Mount St. Mary's University |url=https://msmary.edu/lives-of-significance/tamika-tremaglio.html |access-date=2022-01-29 |website=msmary.edu}}</ref> Ta sami digirin JD daga Makarantar Shari'a ta Jami'ar Maryland da kuma digirin MBA daga Jami'ar Baltimore.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Axson |first=Scooby |title=New NBPA head Tamika Tremaglio: 'Next generation leader' for a complicated time |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nba/2022/02/16/new-nbpa-head-tamika-tremaglio-next-generation-leader/6766303001/ |access-date=2022-02-24 |website=USA TODAY |language=en-US}}</ref> Mahaifiyar Tremaglio, Pamela Langley, ta halarci Jami'ar Jihar Morgan . <ref name=":0" /> == Sana'a == Tremaglio ta shiga Deloitte a watan Nuwamba na 2010 kuma an naɗa ta Manajan Shugabar Yankin Babban Birnin Washington a 2017. Daga baya ta shiga NBPA a matsayin babbar darekta. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Axson |first=Scooby |title=New NBPA head Tamika Tremaglio: 'Next generation leader' for a complicated time |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nba/2022/02/16/new-nbpa-head-tamika-tremaglio-next-generation-leader/6766303001/ |access-date=2022-02-24 |website=USA TODAY |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFAxson">Axson, Scooby. [https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nba/2022/02/16/new-nbpa-head-tamika-tremaglio-next-generation-leader/6766303001/ "New NBPA head Tamika Tremaglio: 'Next generation leader' for a complicated time"]. ''USA TODAY''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-02-24</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Daraja == An nada Tremaglio a matsayin Manajan Abokin Hulɗa na Shekara a shekarar 2019 ta Jaridar Kasuwanci ta Washington [1] kuma an zaɓe ta a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin Mata 150 Mafi Ƙarfi a Washington a 2019 da 2021 ta Mujallar Washingtonian . [2] [3] A shekarar 2020, Tremaglio ta sami lambar yabo ta uku daga ƙungiyar horar da ƙwararru masu kyau . [4] == Rayuwa ta sirri == Tremaglio ta auri Gregory A. Tremaglio kuma tana da 'ya'ya maza biyu, Rocque da Reece. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tamika Tremaglio - Uncensored: Stories of Black Professionals |url=https://www2.deloitte.com/us/en/pages/about-deloitte/articles/uncensored-stories-of-black-professionals-tamika-tremaglio.html |access-date=April 21, 2022 |website=Deloitte United States |language=en-us}}</ref> Ita [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]] ce kuma ta daɗe tana zama memba a Cocin St. Peter Claver da ke St. Inigoes, Maryland . <ref>{{Cite web |date=October 7, 2021 |title=Tamika Tremaglio—a Black Catholic—named head of NBA players' union |url=https://www.blackcatholicmessenger.com/nbpa-hires-tremaglio/ |access-date=April 21, 2022 |website=Black Catholic Messenger |language=en}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] ka4h436iybi64xutcmyf2utrmrnqzrl 826587 826586 2026-04-26T07:57:37Z Pharouqenr 25549 826587 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tamika Tremaglio''' ta kasance tsohuwar darakta mai kula da ƙungiyar 'yan wasan ƙwallon kwando ta ƙasa (NBPA). 'Yan wasan sun zaɓi Tremaglio don maye gurbin Michele Roberts a ranar 22 ga Satumba, 2021, kuma a hukumance ya shiga cikin wannan matsayi bayan da Roberts ya yi ritaya a farkon Janairu 2022. Kafin ya shiga NBPA a matsayin babban darakta, Tremaglio, wanda ya yi ritaya daga Deloitte LLP, ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Darakta na ofisoshin Deloitte na Babban Birnin Washington.<ref name=":0" /> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Tremaglio a gundumar St. Mary, [[Maryland]]. Tremaglio ta sami digirin farko na Fasaha daga Jami'ar Mount St. Mary a fannin Kasuwanci da Kuɗi a shekarar 1992.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tamika Tremaglio, C'92 {{!}} Mount St. Mary's University |url=https://msmary.edu/lives-of-significance/tamika-tremaglio.html |access-date=2022-01-29 |website=msmary.edu}}</ref> Ta sami digirin JD daga Makarantar Shari'a ta Jami'ar Maryland da kuma digirin MBA daga Jami'ar Baltimore.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Axson |first=Scooby |title=New NBPA head Tamika Tremaglio: 'Next generation leader' for a complicated time |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nba/2022/02/16/new-nbpa-head-tamika-tremaglio-next-generation-leader/6766303001/ |access-date=2022-02-24 |website=USA TODAY |language=en-US}}</ref> Mahaifiyar Tremaglio, Pamela Langley, ta halarci Jami'ar Jihar Morgan.<ref name=":0" /> == Sana'a == Tremaglio ta shiga Deloitte a watan Nuwamba na 2010 kuma an naɗa ta Manajan Shugabar Yankin Babban Birnin Washington a 2017. Daga baya ta shiga NBPA a matsayin babbar darekta. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Axson |first=Scooby |title=New NBPA head Tamika Tremaglio: 'Next generation leader' for a complicated time |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nba/2022/02/16/new-nbpa-head-tamika-tremaglio-next-generation-leader/6766303001/ |access-date=2022-02-24 |website=USA TODAY |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFAxson">Axson, Scooby. [https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nba/2022/02/16/new-nbpa-head-tamika-tremaglio-next-generation-leader/6766303001/ "New NBPA head Tamika Tremaglio: 'Next generation leader' for a complicated time"]. ''USA TODAY''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-02-24</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Daraja == An nada Tremaglio a matsayin Manajan Abokin Hulɗa na Shekara a shekarar 2019 ta Jaridar Kasuwanci ta Washington [1] kuma an zaɓe ta a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin Mata 150 Mafi Ƙarfi a Washington a 2019 da 2021 ta Mujallar Washingtonian . [2] [3] A shekarar 2020, Tremaglio ta sami lambar yabo ta uku daga ƙungiyar horar da ƙwararru masu kyau . [4] == Rayuwa ta sirri == Tremaglio ta auri Gregory A. Tremaglio kuma tana da 'ya'ya maza biyu, Rocque da Reece. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tamika Tremaglio - Uncensored: Stories of Black Professionals |url=https://www2.deloitte.com/us/en/pages/about-deloitte/articles/uncensored-stories-of-black-professionals-tamika-tremaglio.html |access-date=April 21, 2022 |website=Deloitte United States |language=en-us}}</ref> Ita [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]] ce kuma ta daɗe tana zama memba a Cocin St. Peter Claver da ke St. Inigoes, Maryland . <ref>{{Cite web |date=October 7, 2021 |title=Tamika Tremaglio—a Black Catholic—named head of NBA players' union |url=https://www.blackcatholicmessenger.com/nbpa-hires-tremaglio/ |access-date=April 21, 2022 |website=Black Catholic Messenger |language=en}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 9jklmkchj4szjs7i9gk6y8u9wvhz26w 826589 826587 2026-04-26T07:57:50Z Pharouqenr 25549 826589 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tamika Tremaglio''' ta kasance tsohuwar darakta mai kula da ƙungiyar 'yan wasan ƙwallon kwando ta ƙasa (NBPA). 'Yan wasan sun zaɓi Tremaglio don maye gurbin Michele Roberts a ranar 22 ga Satumba, 2021, kuma a hukumance ya shiga cikin wannan matsayi bayan da Roberts ya yi ritaya a farkon Janairu 2022. Kafin ya shiga NBPA a matsayin babban darakta, Tremaglio, wanda ya yi ritaya daga Deloitte LLP, ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Darakta na ofisoshin Deloitte na Babban Birnin Washington.<ref name=":0" /> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Tremaglio a gundumar St. Mary, [[Maryland]]. Tremaglio ta sami digirin farko na Fasaha daga Jami'ar Mount St. Mary a fannin Kasuwanci da Kuɗi a shekarar 1992.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tamika Tremaglio, C'92 {{!}} Mount St. Mary's University |url=https://msmary.edu/lives-of-significance/tamika-tremaglio.html |access-date=2022-01-29 |website=msmary.edu}}</ref> Ta sami digirin JD daga Makarantar Shari'a ta Jami'ar Maryland da kuma digirin MBA daga Jami'ar Baltimore.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Axson |first=Scooby |title=New NBPA head Tamika Tremaglio: 'Next generation leader' for a complicated time |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nba/2022/02/16/new-nbpa-head-tamika-tremaglio-next-generation-leader/6766303001/ |access-date=2022-02-24 |website=USA TODAY |language=en-US}}</ref> Mahaifiyar Tremaglio, Pamela Langley, ta halarci Jami'ar Jihar Morgan.<ref name=":0" /> == Sana'a == Tremaglio ta shiga Deloitte a watan Nuwamba na 2010 kuma an naɗa ta Manajan Shugabar Yankin Babban Birnin Washington a 2017. Daga baya ta shiga NBPA a matsayin babbar darekta.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Axson |first=Scooby |title=New NBPA head Tamika Tremaglio: 'Next generation leader' for a complicated time |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nba/2022/02/16/new-nbpa-head-tamika-tremaglio-next-generation-leader/6766303001/ |access-date=2022-02-24 |website=USA TODAY |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFAxson">Axson, Scooby. [https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nba/2022/02/16/new-nbpa-head-tamika-tremaglio-next-generation-leader/6766303001/ "New NBPA head Tamika Tremaglio: 'Next generation leader' for a complicated time"]. ''USA TODAY''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-02-24</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Daraja == An nada Tremaglio a matsayin Manajan Abokin Hulɗa na Shekara a shekarar 2019 ta Jaridar Kasuwanci ta Washington [1] kuma an zaɓe ta a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin Mata 150 Mafi Ƙarfi a Washington a 2019 da 2021 ta Mujallar Washingtonian . [2] [3] A shekarar 2020, Tremaglio ta sami lambar yabo ta uku daga ƙungiyar horar da ƙwararru masu kyau . [4] == Rayuwa ta sirri == Tremaglio ta auri Gregory A. Tremaglio kuma tana da 'ya'ya maza biyu, Rocque da Reece. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tamika Tremaglio - Uncensored: Stories of Black Professionals |url=https://www2.deloitte.com/us/en/pages/about-deloitte/articles/uncensored-stories-of-black-professionals-tamika-tremaglio.html |access-date=April 21, 2022 |website=Deloitte United States |language=en-us}}</ref> Ita [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]] ce kuma ta daɗe tana zama memba a Cocin St. Peter Claver da ke St. Inigoes, Maryland . <ref>{{Cite web |date=October 7, 2021 |title=Tamika Tremaglio—a Black Catholic—named head of NBA players' union |url=https://www.blackcatholicmessenger.com/nbpa-hires-tremaglio/ |access-date=April 21, 2022 |website=Black Catholic Messenger |language=en}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] agqo5so18g23s47yt7mgbruyqn19a3d 826590 826589 2026-04-26T07:58:10Z Pharouqenr 25549 826590 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tamika Tremaglio''' ta kasance tsohuwar darakta mai kula da ƙungiyar 'yan wasan ƙwallon kwando ta ƙasa (NBPA). 'Yan wasan sun zaɓi Tremaglio don maye gurbin Michele Roberts a ranar 22 ga Satumba, 2021, kuma a hukumance ya shiga cikin wannan matsayi bayan da Roberts ya yi ritaya a farkon Janairu 2022. Kafin ya shiga NBPA a matsayin babban darakta, Tremaglio, wanda ya yi ritaya daga Deloitte LLP, ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Darakta na ofisoshin Deloitte na Babban Birnin Washington.<ref name=":0" /> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Tremaglio a gundumar St. Mary, [[Maryland]]. Tremaglio ta sami digirin farko na Fasaha daga Jami'ar Mount St. Mary a fannin Kasuwanci da Kuɗi a shekarar 1992.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tamika Tremaglio, C'92 {{!}} Mount St. Mary's University |url=https://msmary.edu/lives-of-significance/tamika-tremaglio.html |access-date=2022-01-29 |website=msmary.edu}}</ref> Ta sami digirin JD daga Makarantar Shari'a ta Jami'ar Maryland da kuma digirin MBA daga Jami'ar Baltimore.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Axson |first=Scooby |title=New NBPA head Tamika Tremaglio: 'Next generation leader' for a complicated time |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nba/2022/02/16/new-nbpa-head-tamika-tremaglio-next-generation-leader/6766303001/ |access-date=2022-02-24 |website=USA TODAY |language=en-US}}</ref> Mahaifiyar Tremaglio, Pamela Langley, ta halarci Jami'ar Jihar Morgan.<ref name=":0" /> == Sana'a == Tremaglio ta shiga Deloitte a watan Nuwamba na 2010 kuma an naɗa ta Manajan Shugabar Yankin Babban Birnin Washington a 2017. Daga baya ta shiga NBPA a matsayin babbar darekta.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Axson |first=Scooby |title=New NBPA head Tamika Tremaglio: 'Next generation leader' for a complicated time |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nba/2022/02/16/new-nbpa-head-tamika-tremaglio-next-generation-leader/6766303001/ |access-date=2022-02-24 |website=USA TODAY |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFAxson">Axson, Scooby. [https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nba/2022/02/16/new-nbpa-head-tamika-tremaglio-next-generation-leader/6766303001/ "New NBPA head Tamika Tremaglio: 'Next generation leader' for a complicated time"]. ''USA TODAY''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-02-24</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Daraja == An nada Tremaglio a matsayin Manajan Abokin Hulɗa na Shekara a shekarar 2019 ta Jaridar Kasuwanci ta Washington [1] kuma an zaɓe ta a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin Mata 150 Mafi Ƙarfi a Washington a 2019 da 2021 ta Mujallar Washingtonian. A shekarar 2020, Tremaglio ta sami lambar yabo ta uku daga ƙungiyar horar da ƙwararru masu kyau . [4] == Rayuwa ta sirri == Tremaglio ta auri Gregory A. Tremaglio kuma tana da 'ya'ya maza biyu, Rocque da Reece. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tamika Tremaglio - Uncensored: Stories of Black Professionals |url=https://www2.deloitte.com/us/en/pages/about-deloitte/articles/uncensored-stories-of-black-professionals-tamika-tremaglio.html |access-date=April 21, 2022 |website=Deloitte United States |language=en-us}}</ref> Ita [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]] ce kuma ta daɗe tana zama memba a Cocin St. Peter Claver da ke St. Inigoes, Maryland . <ref>{{Cite web |date=October 7, 2021 |title=Tamika Tremaglio—a Black Catholic—named head of NBA players' union |url=https://www.blackcatholicmessenger.com/nbpa-hires-tremaglio/ |access-date=April 21, 2022 |website=Black Catholic Messenger |language=en}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] nznw905o0p3ap2m14mnprknqnadh51j 826591 826590 2026-04-26T07:58:25Z Pharouqenr 25549 826591 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tamika Tremaglio''' ta kasance tsohuwar darakta mai kula da ƙungiyar 'yan wasan ƙwallon kwando ta ƙasa (NBPA). 'Yan wasan sun zaɓi Tremaglio don maye gurbin Michele Roberts a ranar 22 ga Satumba, 2021, kuma a hukumance ya shiga cikin wannan matsayi bayan da Roberts ya yi ritaya a farkon Janairu 2022. Kafin ya shiga NBPA a matsayin babban darakta, Tremaglio, wanda ya yi ritaya daga Deloitte LLP, ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Darakta na ofisoshin Deloitte na Babban Birnin Washington.<ref name=":0" /> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Tremaglio a gundumar St. Mary, [[Maryland]]. Tremaglio ta sami digirin farko na Fasaha daga Jami'ar Mount St. Mary a fannin Kasuwanci da Kuɗi a shekarar 1992.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tamika Tremaglio, C'92 {{!}} Mount St. Mary's University |url=https://msmary.edu/lives-of-significance/tamika-tremaglio.html |access-date=2022-01-29 |website=msmary.edu}}</ref> Ta sami digirin JD daga Makarantar Shari'a ta Jami'ar Maryland da kuma digirin MBA daga Jami'ar Baltimore.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Axson |first=Scooby |title=New NBPA head Tamika Tremaglio: 'Next generation leader' for a complicated time |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nba/2022/02/16/new-nbpa-head-tamika-tremaglio-next-generation-leader/6766303001/ |access-date=2022-02-24 |website=USA TODAY |language=en-US}}</ref> Mahaifiyar Tremaglio, Pamela Langley, ta halarci Jami'ar Jihar Morgan.<ref name=":0" /> == Sana'a == Tremaglio ta shiga Deloitte a watan Nuwamba na 2010 kuma an naɗa ta Manajan Shugabar Yankin Babban Birnin Washington a 2017. Daga baya ta shiga NBPA a matsayin babbar darekta.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Axson |first=Scooby |title=New NBPA head Tamika Tremaglio: 'Next generation leader' for a complicated time |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nba/2022/02/16/new-nbpa-head-tamika-tremaglio-next-generation-leader/6766303001/ |access-date=2022-02-24 |website=USA TODAY |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFAxson">Axson, Scooby. [https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nba/2022/02/16/new-nbpa-head-tamika-tremaglio-next-generation-leader/6766303001/ "New NBPA head Tamika Tremaglio: 'Next generation leader' for a complicated time"]. ''USA TODAY''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-02-24</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Daraja == An nada Tremaglio a matsayin Manajan Abokin Hulɗa na Shekara a shekarar 2019 ta Jaridar Kasuwanci ta Washington [1] kuma an zaɓe ta a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin Mata 150 Mafi Ƙarfi a Washington a 2019 da 2021 ta Mujallar Washingtonian. A shekarar 2020, Tremaglio ta sami lambar yabo ta uku daga ƙungiyar horar da ƙwararru masu kyau. == Rayuwa ta sirri == Tremaglio ta auri Gregory A. Tremaglio kuma tana da 'ya'ya maza biyu, Rocque da Reece. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tamika Tremaglio - Uncensored: Stories of Black Professionals |url=https://www2.deloitte.com/us/en/pages/about-deloitte/articles/uncensored-stories-of-black-professionals-tamika-tremaglio.html |access-date=April 21, 2022 |website=Deloitte United States |language=en-us}}</ref> Ita [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]] ce kuma ta daɗe tana zama memba a Cocin St. Peter Claver da ke St. Inigoes, Maryland . <ref>{{Cite web |date=October 7, 2021 |title=Tamika Tremaglio—a Black Catholic—named head of NBA players' union |url=https://www.blackcatholicmessenger.com/nbpa-hires-tremaglio/ |access-date=April 21, 2022 |website=Black Catholic Messenger |language=en}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 6zcb47yd8g7ck26r5lt6rstooqs92hf 826593 826591 2026-04-26T07:58:41Z Pharouqenr 25549 826593 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tamika Tremaglio''' ta kasance tsohuwar darakta mai kula da ƙungiyar 'yan wasan ƙwallon kwando ta ƙasa (NBPA). 'Yan wasan sun zaɓi Tremaglio don maye gurbin Michele Roberts a ranar 22 ga Satumba, 2021, kuma a hukumance ya shiga cikin wannan matsayi bayan da Roberts ya yi ritaya a farkon Janairu 2022. Kafin ya shiga NBPA a matsayin babban darakta, Tremaglio, wanda ya yi ritaya daga Deloitte LLP, ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Darakta na ofisoshin Deloitte na Babban Birnin Washington.<ref name=":0" /> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Tremaglio a gundumar St. Mary, [[Maryland]]. Tremaglio ta sami digirin farko na Fasaha daga Jami'ar Mount St. Mary a fannin Kasuwanci da Kuɗi a shekarar 1992.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tamika Tremaglio, C'92 {{!}} Mount St. Mary's University |url=https://msmary.edu/lives-of-significance/tamika-tremaglio.html |access-date=2022-01-29 |website=msmary.edu}}</ref> Ta sami digirin JD daga Makarantar Shari'a ta Jami'ar Maryland da kuma digirin MBA daga Jami'ar Baltimore.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Axson |first=Scooby |title=New NBPA head Tamika Tremaglio: 'Next generation leader' for a complicated time |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nba/2022/02/16/new-nbpa-head-tamika-tremaglio-next-generation-leader/6766303001/ |access-date=2022-02-24 |website=USA TODAY |language=en-US}}</ref> Mahaifiyar Tremaglio, Pamela Langley, ta halarci Jami'ar Jihar Morgan.<ref name=":0" /> == Sana'a == Tremaglio ta shiga Deloitte a watan Nuwamba na 2010 kuma an naɗa ta Manajan Shugabar Yankin Babban Birnin Washington a 2017. Daga baya ta shiga NBPA a matsayin babbar darekta.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Axson |first=Scooby |title=New NBPA head Tamika Tremaglio: 'Next generation leader' for a complicated time |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nba/2022/02/16/new-nbpa-head-tamika-tremaglio-next-generation-leader/6766303001/ |access-date=2022-02-24 |website=USA TODAY |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFAxson">Axson, Scooby. [https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nba/2022/02/16/new-nbpa-head-tamika-tremaglio-next-generation-leader/6766303001/ "New NBPA head Tamika Tremaglio: 'Next generation leader' for a complicated time"]. ''USA TODAY''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-02-24</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Daraja == An nada Tremaglio a matsayin Manajan Abokin Hulɗa na Shekara a shekarar 2019 ta Jaridar Kasuwanci ta Washington kuma an zaɓe ta a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin Mata 150 Mafi Ƙarfi a Washington a 2019 da 2021 ta Mujallar Washingtonian. A shekarar 2020, Tremaglio ta sami lambar yabo ta uku daga ƙungiyar horar da ƙwararru masu kyau. == Rayuwa ta sirri == Tremaglio ta auri Gregory A. Tremaglio kuma tana da 'ya'ya maza biyu, Rocque da Reece. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tamika Tremaglio - Uncensored: Stories of Black Professionals |url=https://www2.deloitte.com/us/en/pages/about-deloitte/articles/uncensored-stories-of-black-professionals-tamika-tremaglio.html |access-date=April 21, 2022 |website=Deloitte United States |language=en-us}}</ref> Ita [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]] ce kuma ta daɗe tana zama memba a Cocin St. Peter Claver da ke St. Inigoes, Maryland . <ref>{{Cite web |date=October 7, 2021 |title=Tamika Tremaglio—a Black Catholic—named head of NBA players' union |url=https://www.blackcatholicmessenger.com/nbpa-hires-tremaglio/ |access-date=April 21, 2022 |website=Black Catholic Messenger |language=en}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] lxkanbv54grz2y4dtn86n93nvozs1dk 826595 826593 2026-04-26T07:58:58Z Pharouqenr 25549 826595 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tamika Tremaglio''' ta kasance tsohuwar darakta mai kula da ƙungiyar 'yan wasan ƙwallon kwando ta ƙasa (NBPA). 'Yan wasan sun zaɓi Tremaglio don maye gurbin Michele Roberts a ranar 22 ga Satumba, 2021, kuma a hukumance ya shiga cikin wannan matsayi bayan da Roberts ya yi ritaya a farkon Janairu 2022. Kafin ya shiga NBPA a matsayin babban darakta, Tremaglio, wanda ya yi ritaya daga Deloitte LLP, ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Darakta na ofisoshin Deloitte na Babban Birnin Washington.<ref name=":0" /> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Tremaglio a gundumar St. Mary, [[Maryland]]. Tremaglio ta sami digirin farko na Fasaha daga Jami'ar Mount St. Mary a fannin Kasuwanci da Kuɗi a shekarar 1992.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tamika Tremaglio, C'92 {{!}} Mount St. Mary's University |url=https://msmary.edu/lives-of-significance/tamika-tremaglio.html |access-date=2022-01-29 |website=msmary.edu}}</ref> Ta sami digirin JD daga Makarantar Shari'a ta Jami'ar Maryland da kuma digirin MBA daga Jami'ar Baltimore.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Axson |first=Scooby |title=New NBPA head Tamika Tremaglio: 'Next generation leader' for a complicated time |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nba/2022/02/16/new-nbpa-head-tamika-tremaglio-next-generation-leader/6766303001/ |access-date=2022-02-24 |website=USA TODAY |language=en-US}}</ref> Mahaifiyar Tremaglio, Pamela Langley, ta halarci Jami'ar Jihar Morgan.<ref name=":0" /> == Sana'a == Tremaglio ta shiga Deloitte a watan Nuwamba na 2010 kuma an naɗa ta Manajan Shugabar Yankin Babban Birnin Washington a 2017. Daga baya ta shiga NBPA a matsayin babbar darekta.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Axson |first=Scooby |title=New NBPA head Tamika Tremaglio: 'Next generation leader' for a complicated time |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nba/2022/02/16/new-nbpa-head-tamika-tremaglio-next-generation-leader/6766303001/ |access-date=2022-02-24 |website=USA TODAY |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFAxson">Axson, Scooby. [https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nba/2022/02/16/new-nbpa-head-tamika-tremaglio-next-generation-leader/6766303001/ "New NBPA head Tamika Tremaglio: 'Next generation leader' for a complicated time"]. ''USA TODAY''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-02-24</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Daraja == An nada Tremaglio a matsayin Manajan Abokin Hulɗa na Shekara a shekarar 2019 ta Jaridar Kasuwanci ta Washington kuma an zaɓe ta a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin Mata 150 Mafi Ƙarfi a Washington a 2019 da 2021 ta Mujallar Washingtonian. A shekarar 2020, Tremaglio ta sami lambar yabo ta uku daga ƙungiyar horar da ƙwararru masu kyau. == Rayuwa ta sirri == Tremaglio ta auri Gregory A. Tremaglio kuma tana da 'ya'ya maza biyu, Rocque da Reece.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tamika Tremaglio - Uncensored: Stories of Black Professionals |url=https://www2.deloitte.com/us/en/pages/about-deloitte/articles/uncensored-stories-of-black-professionals-tamika-tremaglio.html |access-date=April 21, 2022 |website=Deloitte United States |language=en-us}}</ref> Ita [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]] ce kuma ta daɗe tana zama memba a Cocin St. Peter Claver da ke St. Inigoes, Maryland . <ref>{{Cite web |date=October 7, 2021 |title=Tamika Tremaglio—a Black Catholic—named head of NBA players' union |url=https://www.blackcatholicmessenger.com/nbpa-hires-tremaglio/ |access-date=April 21, 2022 |website=Black Catholic Messenger |language=en}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 285nvau48dvzg8gl2e3s2i7l9i85wks 826596 826595 2026-04-26T07:59:19Z Pharouqenr 25549 826596 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tamika Tremaglio''' ta kasance tsohuwar darakta mai kula da ƙungiyar 'yan wasan ƙwallon kwando ta ƙasa (NBPA). 'Yan wasan sun zaɓi Tremaglio don maye gurbin Michele Roberts a ranar 22 ga Satumba, 2021, kuma a hukumance ya shiga cikin wannan matsayi bayan da Roberts ya yi ritaya a farkon Janairu 2022. Kafin ya shiga NBPA a matsayin babban darakta, Tremaglio, wanda ya yi ritaya daga Deloitte LLP, ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Darakta na ofisoshin Deloitte na Babban Birnin Washington.<ref name=":0" /> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Tremaglio a gundumar St. Mary, [[Maryland]]. Tremaglio ta sami digirin farko na Fasaha daga Jami'ar Mount St. Mary a fannin Kasuwanci da Kuɗi a shekarar 1992.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tamika Tremaglio, C'92 {{!}} Mount St. Mary's University |url=https://msmary.edu/lives-of-significance/tamika-tremaglio.html |access-date=2022-01-29 |website=msmary.edu}}</ref> Ta sami digirin JD daga Makarantar Shari'a ta Jami'ar Maryland da kuma digirin MBA daga Jami'ar Baltimore.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Axson |first=Scooby |title=New NBPA head Tamika Tremaglio: 'Next generation leader' for a complicated time |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nba/2022/02/16/new-nbpa-head-tamika-tremaglio-next-generation-leader/6766303001/ |access-date=2022-02-24 |website=USA TODAY |language=en-US}}</ref> Mahaifiyar Tremaglio, Pamela Langley, ta halarci Jami'ar Jihar Morgan.<ref name=":0" /> == Sana'a == Tremaglio ta shiga Deloitte a watan Nuwamba na 2010 kuma an naɗa ta Manajan Shugabar Yankin Babban Birnin Washington a 2017. Daga baya ta shiga NBPA a matsayin babbar darekta.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Axson |first=Scooby |title=New NBPA head Tamika Tremaglio: 'Next generation leader' for a complicated time |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nba/2022/02/16/new-nbpa-head-tamika-tremaglio-next-generation-leader/6766303001/ |access-date=2022-02-24 |website=USA TODAY |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFAxson">Axson, Scooby. [https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nba/2022/02/16/new-nbpa-head-tamika-tremaglio-next-generation-leader/6766303001/ "New NBPA head Tamika Tremaglio: 'Next generation leader' for a complicated time"]. ''USA TODAY''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-02-24</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Daraja == An nada Tremaglio a matsayin Manajan Abokin Hulɗa na Shekara a shekarar 2019 ta Jaridar Kasuwanci ta Washington kuma an zaɓe ta a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin Mata 150 Mafi Ƙarfi a Washington a 2019 da 2021 ta Mujallar Washingtonian. A shekarar 2020, Tremaglio ta sami lambar yabo ta uku daga ƙungiyar horar da ƙwararru masu kyau. == Rayuwa ta sirri == Tremaglio ta auri Gregory A. Tremaglio kuma tana da 'ya'ya maza biyu, Rocque da Reece.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tamika Tremaglio - Uncensored: Stories of Black Professionals |url=https://www2.deloitte.com/us/en/pages/about-deloitte/articles/uncensored-stories-of-black-professionals-tamika-tremaglio.html |access-date=April 21, 2022 |website=Deloitte United States |language=en-us}}</ref> Ita [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]] ce kuma ta daɗe tana zama memba a Cocin St. Peter Claver da ke St. Inigoes, Maryland.<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 7, 2021 |title=Tamika Tremaglio—a Black Catholic—named head of NBA players' union |url=https://www.blackcatholicmessenger.com/nbpa-hires-tremaglio/ |access-date=April 21, 2022 |website=Black Catholic Messenger |language=en}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] cam3flup1gspa2fnaci4sj52babdbza 826598 826596 2026-04-26T07:59:40Z Pharouqenr 25549 826598 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Tamika Tremaglio''' ta kasance tsohuwar darakta mai kula da ƙungiyar 'yan wasan ƙwallon kwando ta ƙasa (NBPA). 'Yan wasan sun zaɓi Tremaglio don maye gurbin Michele Roberts a ranar 22 ga Satumba, 2021, kuma a hukumance ya shiga cikin wannan matsayi bayan da Roberts ya yi ritaya a farkon Janairu 2022. Kafin ya shiga NBPA a matsayin babban darakta, Tremaglio, wanda ya yi ritaya daga Deloitte LLP, ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Darakta na ofisoshin Deloitte na Babban Birnin Washington.<ref name=":0" /> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Tremaglio a gundumar St. Mary, [[Maryland]]. Tremaglio ta sami digirin farko na Fasaha daga Jami'ar Mount St. Mary a fannin Kasuwanci da Kuɗi a shekarar 1992.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tamika Tremaglio, C'92 {{!}} Mount St. Mary's University |url=https://msmary.edu/lives-of-significance/tamika-tremaglio.html |access-date=2022-01-29 |website=msmary.edu}}</ref> Ta sami digirin JD daga Makarantar Shari'a ta Jami'ar Maryland da kuma digirin MBA daga Jami'ar Baltimore.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Axson |first=Scooby |title=New NBPA head Tamika Tremaglio: 'Next generation leader' for a complicated time |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nba/2022/02/16/new-nbpa-head-tamika-tremaglio-next-generation-leader/6766303001/ |access-date=2022-02-24 |website=USA TODAY |language=en-US}}</ref> Mahaifiyar Tremaglio, Pamela Langley, ta halarci Jami'ar Jihar Morgan.<ref name=":0" /> == Sana'a == Tremaglio ta shiga Deloitte a watan Nuwamba na 2010 kuma an naɗa ta Manajan Shugabar Yankin Babban Birnin Washington a 2017. Daga baya ta shiga NBPA a matsayin babbar darekta.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Axson |first=Scooby |title=New NBPA head Tamika Tremaglio: 'Next generation leader' for a complicated time |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nba/2022/02/16/new-nbpa-head-tamika-tremaglio-next-generation-leader/6766303001/ |access-date=2022-02-24 |website=USA TODAY |language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFAxson">Axson, Scooby. [https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nba/2022/02/16/new-nbpa-head-tamika-tremaglio-next-generation-leader/6766303001/ "New NBPA head Tamika Tremaglio: 'Next generation leader' for a complicated time"]. ''USA TODAY''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-02-24</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Daraja == An nada Tremaglio a matsayin Manajan Abokin Hulɗa na Shekara a shekarar 2019 ta Jaridar Kasuwanci ta Washington kuma an zaɓe ta a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin Mata 150 Mafi Ƙarfi a Washington a 2019 da 2021 ta Mujallar Washingtonian. A shekarar 2020, Tremaglio ta sami lambar yabo ta uku daga ƙungiyar horar da ƙwararru masu kyau. == Rayuwa ta sirri == Tremaglio ta auri Gregory A. Tremaglio kuma tana da 'ya'ya maza biyu, Rocque da Reece.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tamika Tremaglio - Uncensored: Stories of Black Professionals |url=https://www2.deloitte.com/us/en/pages/about-deloitte/articles/uncensored-stories-of-black-professionals-tamika-tremaglio.html |access-date=April 21, 2022 |website=Deloitte United States |language=en-us}}</ref> Ita [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]] ce kuma ta daɗe tana zama memba a Cocin St. Peter Claver da ke St. Inigoes, Maryland.<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 7, 2021 |title=Tamika Tremaglio—a Black Catholic—named head of NBA players' union |url=https://www.blackcatholicmessenger.com/nbpa-hires-tremaglio/ |access-date=April 21, 2022 |website=Black Catholic Messenger |language=en}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] q3col7y2s70lcr66ydmvnucditv744o 0 142700 826246 802269 2026-04-25T13:45:26Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826246 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Connie Kruckow''' (an haife ta a shekara ta 1953) ma'aikaciyar jinya ce 'yar ƙasar Denmark wadda daga shekara ta 2000 zuwa 2009 ta jagoranci Ƙungiyar Ma'aikatan Jinya ta ƙasar Denmark ( ''Dansk Sygeplejeråd'' ko DSR). A shekara ta 2008, ta jagoranci ma'aikatan jinya zuwa wani rikici na tarihi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 July 2015 |title=Connie Kruckow |url=https://dsr.dk/dshm/sygeplejens-historie/dansk-sygeplejeraads-historie/dansk-sygeplejeraads-formaend/connie-kruckow |access-date=23 September 2016 |publisher=Dansk Sygeplejehistorisk Museum |language=Danish }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Ta tafi kafin ƙarshen wa'adin aikinta don neman wani sabon aiki mai ban sha'awa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 April 2009 |title=Connie Lruckow stopper som formand for sygeplejerskerne |url=http://www.bt.dk/nyheder/connie-kruckow-stopper-som-formand-for-sygeplejerskerne |access-date=23 September 2016 |publisher=BT |language=Danish}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haife ta a tsibirin Falster na ƙasar Denmark, Kruckow 'yar wani ma'aikacin hannu ce da matarsa da ke zuwa gida. Bayan ta cancanci zama ma'aikaciyar jinya, ta yi aiki a Asibitin Hillerød na tsawon shekaru 11 kafin ta zama sakatariyar ƙungiyar ma'aikatan jinya ta ƙasar Denmark. Bayan haka aka naɗa ta shugabar yanki ta gundumar Frederiksborg . <ref name="db">{{Cite web |last=Madsen, Bine |date=2 July 2010 |title=Jeg er sygeplejerske helt ind i sjælen |url=http://www.dagbladene.dk/index.php?mod=news&area=1&id=185 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160925014917/http://www.dagbladene.dk/index.php?mod=news&area=1&id=185 |archive-date=25 September 2016 |access-date=24 September 2016 |publisher=Dagbladenes Bureau |language=Danish}}</ref> An zaɓi Kruckow a matsayin shugabar ƙungiyar ma'aikatan jinya ta Denmark a shekara ta 2000, inda ta yi alƙawarin ƙara albashi ga ma'aikatan jinya na Denmark, wani abin da magabaciyarta Jette Søe ba ta iya cimmawa ba. A shekara ta 2008, lokacin da ma'aikatan jinya har yanzu ba su sami abin da ta ga dama ba, ta yi kira da a yi zanga-zanga don nuna rashin amincewa. [1] Bayan wani rikici mai tsawo wanda ya haifar da soke ayyukan a asibitocin Denmark na tsawon makonni takwas, a watan Yunin 2008, Kruckow ta yi nasarar tattaunawarta da yankunan, inda ta sami ƙarin albashi na kashi 13.3% a cikin shekaru uku masu zuwa. Ta yi tsokaci: "Na gamsu da yarjejeniyar da ta nuna cewa za ta iya biya don shiga yajin aiki." Tattaunawar ta kuma cimma daidaiton albashi ga maza da mata da kuma damar samun horo daidai gwargwado. [2] Kruckow ta yi murabus daga shugabancin ƙungiyar ma'aikatan jinya, shekaru uku kafin ƙarshen wa'adin aikinta. Ta ji cewa tana buƙatar barin wannan matsayi mai ƙarfi wanda sau da yawa yakan haifar da rashin jituwa da suka mai zafi a kai. Duk da cewa ta kai shekara 56, ta yi nasarar samun aiki a matsayin ma'aikaciyar jinya ta yau da kullun a sashen ilimin mata na Asibitin Hillerød. Ta yi farin ciki da komawa tsohuwar sana'arta domin ta fi jin daɗi kuma ta ba ta lokaci mai yawa don kanta. <ref name="db"/> Kruckow tana da 'ya'ya biyu manya tare da tsohon mijinta, ɗa da 'ya mace. 'Yarta ta bi sawun mahaifiyarta, tana kuma aiki a matsayin ma'aikaciyar jinya. <ref name="db"/> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1953]] 0ijficuly2dwnx4olep6b3q88lvo7ku 0 142918 826387 804929 2026-04-26T03:42:53Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826387 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''María de los Dolores Asúnsolo y López Negrete''' (3 ga Agusta 1904 - 11 Afrilu 1983), wanda aka sani da sana'a da '''Dolores del Río''' ( ), 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ce ta Mexico. Tare da aikinta na tsawon shekaru sama da 50, ana ɗaukarta a matsayin babbar jarumar Latin Amurka ta farko a Hollywood . [ 3 ] <ref name="filmint.nu">{{Cite web |last=Mulcahey |first=Martin |date=29 December 2011 |title=The First Latina to Conquer Hollywood |url=http://filmint.nu/the-first-latina-to-conquer-hollywood/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140625190902/http://filmint.nu/?p=3797 |archive-date=25 June 2014 |access-date=19 July 2016 |website=[[Film International]]}}</ref> <ref name="tcm.com" /> Tare da sana'ar da ta yi a fina-finan Amurka a shekarun 1920 da 1930, an kuma ɗauke ta a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin fitattun jarumai mata a Zamanin Zinare na sinima na Mexico, [ 7 ] kuma ɗaya daga cikin jarumai mafi kyau a zamaninta. <ref name="tcm.com">{{Cite web |title=Dolores Del Rio |url=http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/person/47807%7C39240/Dolores-Del-Rio/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150726184650/http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/person/47807%7C39240/Dolores-Del-Rio |archive-date=2015-07-26 |website=Turner Classic Movies}}</ref> Bayan an gano ta a [[Mexico (ƙasa)|Mexico]], ta fara aikin fim a Hollywood a shekarar 1925. Ta taka rawa a jerin fina-finai masu nasara, ciki har da ''Resurrection'' (1927), ''Ramona'' (1928) da ''Evangeline'' (1929). An yi la'akari da Del Río a matsayin wani nau'in mata na Rudolph Valentino, ' Masoyiyar Latin', [ 8 ] [ 9 ] a shekarunta a lokacin zaman shiru na Amurka. Da zuwan sauti, ta yi wasa a nau'ikan fina-finai daban-daban, tun daga wasannin kwaikwayo na laifuka na zamani zuwa barkwanci na kiɗa da kuma wasan kwaikwayo na soyayya . Fina-finanta mafi nasara a wannan shekarun sun hada da ''Bird of Paradise'' (1932), ''Flying Down to Rio'' (1933) da ''Madame Du Barry'' (1934). A farkon shekarun 1940, lokacin da aikinta na Hollywood ya fara raguwa, Del Río ta koma Mexico ta shiga masana'antar fina-finai ta Mexico, wacce a wancan lokacin take kan gaba, a lokacin.<bdi> Zamanin Zinare na Cinema na Mexico</bdi> . Lokacin da Del Río ta koma ƙasarta ta asali, ta zama ɗaya daga cikin taurari mafi mahimmanci a Zamanin Zinare na sinima na Mexico . <ref name="The Golden Age Of Mexican Cinema: A Short History, in Culture Trip">{{Cite web |last=Cocking |first=Lauren |date=17 November 2016 |title=The Golden Age Of Mexican Cinema: A Short History, in Culture Trip |url=https://theculturetrip.com/north-america/mexico/articles/the-golden-age-of-mexican-cinema-a-short-history/ |access-date=9 March 2022 |archive-date=15 March 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170315174113/https://theculturetrip.com/north-america/mexico/articles/the-golden-age-of-mexican-cinema-a-short-history/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Jerin fina-finan Mexico da Del Rio ta fito a cikinsu ana ɗaukar su a matsayin manyan fina-finai na gargajiya kuma sun taimaka wajen haɓaka sinima na Mexico a duk duniya. Daga cikinsu akwai ''María Candelaria'' (1943) da aka yaba sosai. <ref name="Maria Candelaria Reviews, on TV Guide">{{Cite web |last=Mastrangelo |first=Bob |title=Maria Candelaria Reviews, on TV Guide |url=https://www.tvguide.com/movies/maria-candelaria/review/2000052376/ |access-date=9 March 2022}}</ref> Del Río ta ci gaba da kasancewa mai himma a fina-finan Mexico a duk tsawon shekarun 1950. A shekarar 1960 ta koma Hollywood. A cikin shekarun da suka biyo baya ta fito a fina-finan Mexico da Amurka. Daga ƙarshen shekarun 1950 har zuwa farkon shekarun 1970 ta kuma yi nasarar shiga wasan kwaikwayo a Mexico kuma ta fito a wasu shirye-shiryen talabijin na Amurka. Ana ɗaukar Del Río a matsayin wata alama ta musamman ta fuskar mata ta ƙasar Mexico a duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=''DurangoMas: Dolores del Río biography'' |url=http://www.durangomas.mx/2013/10/dolores-del-rio/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200730005721/http://www.durangomas.mx/2013/10/dolores-del-rio/ |archive-date=30 July 2020 |access-date=26 April 2019}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == [[Fayil:Dolores_del_Río's_house_in_Durango.JPG|right|thumb|Allon tunawa a gidan da aka haifi Dolores del Río, wanda ke birnin Durango, [[Mexico (ƙasa)|Mexico]] . Yana cewa: ''Dolores del Rio.'' ''A tarihin daukar hoto akwai fuskoki biyu masu kyau: nata da na Greta Garbo'']] An haifi María de los Dolores Asúnsolo da López Negrete <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 March 2021 |title=Dolores del Río (María de los Dolores Asúnsolo y López Negrete de Martínez del Río) |url=http://catarina.udlap.mx/xmLibris/projects/covarrubias/browse/item.jsp?id=exposicion_udlap_carpeta_iv_caricaturas_fotografias_y_notas&key=amc_exposicion_udlap_carpeta_iv_caricaturas_fotografias_y_notas_46.xml&folder=Exposici%C3%B3n%20UDLAP:%20Carpeta%20IV%20-%20Caricaturas,%20fotograf%C3%ADas%20y%20notas |access-date=15 July 2021 |website=catarina |language=es}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Cisneros Calzada |first=Fortino |date=4 August 2017 |title=Dolores Asúnsolo y López Negrete |url=https://www.elmanana.com/opinion/editoriales/dolores-asunsolo-y-lopez-negrete-3957123.html |access-date=15 July 2021 |website=El Mañana}}</ref> a Victoria de Durango, Mexico a ranar 3 ga Agusta 1904, [ 15 ] 'yar Jesús Leonardo Asúnsolo Jacques, ɗan manoma masu arziki kuma darektan Bankin Durango, da Antonia López Negrete, wanda ya fito daga ɗaya daga cikin iyalai mafi arziki a ƙasar, wanda zuriyarsa ta koma Spain da kuma manyan sarakunan sarauta . [ 16 ] [ 17 ] Ɗan uwan Antonia Negrate na farko shine Agustín López-Negrete wanda Pancho Villa ya ji rauni a ƙafarsa a watan Satumba 1894. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2025)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Iyayenta 'yan gidan sarauta ne na Mexico da suka wanzu a lokacin Porfiriato (lokacin da aka kafa mulkin kama karya na Mexico lokacin da dan kama karya Porfirio Díaz yake shugaban ƙasa). A gefen mahaifiyarta, 'yar uwan mai shirya fina-finai ne Julio Bracho <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ortiz Bulle-Goyri |first=Alejandro |title=Julio Bracho |url=http://www.elem.mx/autor/datos/3746 |access-date=13 July 2021 |website=elem |language=es}}</ref> da kuma 'yan wasan kwaikwayo Ramón Novarro <ref name="model">{{Cite web |last=Pantoja |first=Vic |date=13 October 2020 |title=Curiosidades de Dolores del Río, un ícono latino en Hollywood |url=https://culturizando.com/curiosidades-de-dolores-del-rio-un-icono-latino-en-hollywood/ |access-date=13 July 2021 |website=culturizando |language=es}}</ref> (ɗaya daga cikin 'Masoyan Latin' na sinima mai shiru) da Andrea Palma <ref>{{Cite web |last=Rodríguez |first=Sayra |date=26 May 2020 |title=Andrea Palma, sola y abandonada deja de existir la primera diva del cine mexicano |url=https://www.show.news/cine/Andrea-Palma-sola-y-abandonada-deja-de-existir-la-primera-diva-del-cine-mexicano-20200526-0001.html |access-date=13 July 2021 |website=Show! |language=es}}</ref> (wata fitacciyar 'yar wasan kwaikwayo ta sinima ta Mexico). A gefen mahaifinta, 'yar uwan mai sassaka na Mexico ce Ignacio Asúnsolo <ref name="model" /> da kuma mai fafutukar kare hakkin jama'a kuma mai ƙira María Asúnsolo. <ref name="model" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 February 2012 |title=Asúnsolo Morán, María |url=http://www.enciclopediagro.org/index.php/indices/indice-de-biografias/124-asunsolo-moran-maria |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160911054231/http://www.enciclopediagro.org/index.php/indices/indice-de-biografias/124-asunsolo-moran-maria |archive-date=11 September 2016 |access-date=16 September 2016 |website=Enciclopediagro.org}}</ref> Bugu da ƙari, ita ce goggon 'yar wasan kwaikwayo Diana Bracho . <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 September 2015 |title=La gran familia de artistas famosos |url=https://impactolatino.com/la-gran-familia-de-artistas-famosos-3/ |access-date=13 July 2021 |website=Impacto Latino}}</ref> Iyalin Del Río sun rasa duk dukiyarsu a lokacin Juyin Juya Halin Mexico wanda ya kasance daga 1910 zuwa 1920. Iyalan aristocratic na Durango sun yi barazanar tayar da kayar baya da Pancho Villa ke jagoranta a yankin. Iyalin Asúnsolo sun yanke shawarar tserewa, mahaifinta zuwa Amurka, kuma ita da mahaifiyarta zuwa Birnin Mexico a cikin jirgin kasa, sun yi kama da manoma.[23] A cikin 1912, iyalin Asúnsolo sun sake haɗuwa a Birnin Mexico kuma sun zauna a ƙarƙashin kariya na shugaban kasar Francisco I. Madero, wanda dan uwan Mrs. Asúnsoloo ne.[23] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1983]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1904]] 3vzpv21evpv2nbdhwzko1l1rkasgfjz 0 143667 826265 804779 2026-04-25T15:22:14Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826265 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Elbaum.jpeg|thumb|Cynthia Elbaum]] '''Cynthia Elbaum''' (Maris 19, 1966 - Disamba 22, 1994) 'yar jaridar daukar hoto ce ' yar Amurka, an kashe ta a Chechnya, inda take aiki a matsayin mai zaman kanta ga [[Time (magazine)|''Time'']], [[BBC]], ''Moscow Times'', tana ba da rahoto kan Yaƙin Chechen na Farko . == Tarihin Rayuwa == Cynthia Elbaum, wacce 'yar asalin Rasha ce <ref name="AP">{{Cite web |title=American Freelance Photographer Killed in Russian Raid With AM-Russia-Chechnya, Bjt |url=https://apnews.com/e571215b2b18356c32e0974422e473f7 |access-date=2020-03-06 |website=AP NEWS}}</ref> kuma ta girma a Ashfield, Massachusetts, ta halarci UMass Amherst daga 1984-1987 yayin da take ɗaukar darasi a Smith kuma ta kammala karatunta daga Kwalejin Smith a 1989 tare da babban digiri a fannin nazarin [[Rasha|Rashanci]] . <ref name="NYT" /> Ta yi tafiye-tafiye akai-akai zuwa tsohuwar [[Tarayyar Sobiyet|Tarayyar Soviet]], tana aiki a matsayin 'yar jarida mai ɗaukar hoto mai zaman kanta . Elbaum ta yi karatun Rashanci a Jami'ar Moscow bayan kammala karatunta daga Smith kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ɗaukar hoto mai zaman kanta a Rasha kafin ta koma Amurka inda ta yi aiki a matsayin mai fassara ga mai ɗaukar hoto na [[Time (magazine)|''Time'']] kuma ta koyar da Turanci ga 'yan gudun hijirar Rasha. <ref name="NewsSmith">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=War in Winter: The Photography of Cynthia Elbaum '89 |url=https://www.smith.edu/newssmith/spring2007/elbaum.php |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071209100941/http://www.smith.edu:80/newssmith/spring2007/elbaum.php |archive-date=2007-12-09 |access-date= |website=NewsSmith}}</ref> Elbaum ta fara aikinta a matsayin mai ɗaukar hoto a 1992, bayan ta ga gawawwakin mutane a kan titin Moscow bayan Boris Yeltsin ya karɓi ragamar majalisar dokokin Rasha. <ref name="Smith College">{{Cite web |last=Fuller |first=Carole |date= |title=War in Winter: The Photography of Cynthia Elbaum '89 |url=https://www.smith.edu/newssmith/spring2007/elbaum.php |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071209100941/http://www.smith.edu:80/newssmith/spring2007/elbaum.php |archive-date=2007-12-09 |website=NewsSmith}}</ref> A lokacin da aka tura Cynthia aiki a mujallar Time a lokacin fara yakin farko a Chechnya, tana ɗaukar hoto a titunan Grozny, babban birnin jamhuriyar da ta balle, lokacin da aka kashe ta a wani harin bam na Rasha. Ita ce 'yar jarida ta farko da aka sani da aka kashe a wannan yaƙin. [1] Akalla wasu fararen hula 23 aka kashe a cikin harsasai. [2] == Gado == Ana gudanar da takardun Elbaum a Kwalejin Smith. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Smith College: NewsSmith |url=https://www.smith.edu/newssmith/spring2007/elbaum.php |access-date=2020-03-06 |website=www.smith.edu |archive-date=2007-12-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071209100941/http://www.smith.edu/newssmith/spring2007/elbaum.php |url-status=dead }}</ref> An rubuta sunan Cynthia Elbaum a kan gilashin da ke cikin Freedom Forum Journalists Memorial a Newseum da ke Washington, DC <ref name="masslive">{{Cite web |date=February 3, 2019 |title=Smith College to exhibit late photojournalist's 'Portraits of War' |url=https://www.masslive.com/living/2019/02/smith_college_symposium_includes_late_photojournalists.html |access-date=September 3, 2020 |website=masslive.com}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1994]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1966]] 1gxnhx62ucixyqm2phyunq96lu8mt77 0 143710 826627 804958 2026-04-26T10:24:44Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826627 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ekaterina Sokirianskaia''' ( Russian ; Disamba 19, 1975) ƙwararren mai bincike ne kan kare haƙƙin ɗan adam na Rasha, 'yar jarida, marubuciya, kuma farfesa a fannin kimiyyar siyasa. Bincikenta ya fi mayar da hankali ne kan yankin Arewacin Caucasus, inda ta yi aiki a " Memorial ", cibiyar kare haƙƙin ɗan adam mai zaman kanta daga 2003 zuwa 2008 a matsayin mai bincike, da kuma a Jami'ar Grozny, inda ta koyar da kimiyyar siyasa. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Who we are? Ekaterina Sokiryanskaya, CAPC founder and director |url=http://cap-center.org/aboutus-en/ |access-date=August 17, 2020 |website=cap-center.org/}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == === Wurin haihuwa === An haifi Ekaterina Sokirianskaia a birnin [[Saint-Petersburg|Leningrad]] (a halin yanzu, Saint Petersburg) a ranar 19 ga Disamba, 1975. <ref name="bio_memorial">{{Cite web |title=Мемориал; о нас; Сокирянская Екатерина Леонидовна |url=http://old.memo.ru/d/3176.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191225155454/http://old.memo.ru/d/3176.html |archive-date=December 25, 2019 |access-date=August 17, 2020 |website=old.memo.ru |language=ru}}</ref> === Ilimi === Tana karatu a fannin harsunan waje a Jami'ar Herzen, Fannin Falsafa da Kimiyyar Siyasa a Jami'ar Jihar Saint Petersburg, tana da digirin Rasha na Ɗan takarar Kimiyya don bincike "Hanyoyi da dabarun tattaunawa wajen warware rikice-rikicen siyasa na ƙabilanci" (2002). Tana da digirin Doctor of Falsafa a fannin kimiyyar siyasa daga Jami'ar Tsakiyar Turai, Budapest . [1] [2] === Sana'a === Ekaterina Sokirianskaia ta yi shekaru 17 a Arewacin Caucasus, tana bincike kan yanayin siyasa. Daga 2003 zuwa 2008, Sokirianskaia ta kasance ƙungiya ta Cibiyar Tunawa da Mutane a Ingushetia da Chechnya, tana sa ido da bincike kan yanayin haƙƙin ɗan adam, kuma a lokacin rikice-rikicen yaƙi da kuma rikicin Ossetian-Ingush, ayyukanta sun haɗa da "Bayanan mazauna Jamhuriyar Chechen da suka ɓace" da "Magance ƙaryar shari'o'in laifuka a cikin tsarin ayyukan yaƙi da ta'addanci a Arewacin Caucasus". Daga 2004 zuwa 2006 ta koyar a Sashen Tarihi na Jami'ar Jihar Grozny. Daga 2008 zuwa 2011, ta kasance mai kula da shirye-shirye a Cibiyoyin Tunawa da Mutane a Kabardino-Balkaria da [[Dagestan]], tana bincike kan yanayin da ke tattare da take haƙƙin ɗan adam, tana aiki a wurin sasanta sabbin ofisoshin Tunawa da Mutane a Nalchik da Makhachkala . <ref name="bio_memorial"/> Ekaterina Sokirianskaia ta kasance mai magana da yawun [[Kungiyar Ganin Karshen Rikice-Rikice Ta Duniya|International Crisis Group]] a Rasha tun daga watan Nuwamba na 2011. Ta yi aiki tare da Majalisar Kwararru a ƙarƙashin Kwamishinan 'Yancin Dan Adam a Tarayyar Rasha a matsayin ƙwararriya (kimanin 2007). <ref name="bio_memorial"/> == Littattafai (zaɓaɓɓu, ba cikakken jerin ba) == * Sokirianskaia, E. 2005, Tilasta ƙaura a Arewacin Caucasus: haɗa masu ruwa da tsaki na gida a cikin tsarin dawo da 'yan gudun hijira na Ingush (Nazarin Manufofi) (shafi na 10).&nbsp;19). Budapest: Jami'ar Tsakiyar Turai, cibiyar nazarin manufofi; Cibiyar Buɗaɗɗiyar Al'umma * Sokirianskaia, E. 2006, Gina ƙasa ta zamani a yankin arewacin Caucasus: Ingushetia 1992-2004. A cikin WJ Burszta & T. Kamusella (Eds.), Ƙungiyoyin ƙasa a faɗin duniya: taƙaitaccen bayani game da ƙabilanci a cikin ƙasashen da ke da jiha da kuma waɗanda ba su da jiha. Duniya. Juzu'i na 2 (shafi na 1)&nbsp;469). Poznań: Makarantar Nazarin Bil Adama da Aikin Jarida. * Sokirianskaia, E., 2006, Komawa Gida? Zuwa ga Dawowar Dorewa ta Masu Baƙi da Aka Tilasta a Ingush da Zaman Lafiya Mai Dorewa a Gundumar Prigorodny ta Arewacin Ossetia (Nazarin Manufofi) (shafi na 10).&nbsp;49). Budapest: Jami'ar Tsakiyar Turai, cibiyar nazarin manufofi; Cibiyar Buɗaɗɗiyar Al'umma * Sokirianskaia, E. 2010, Ƙungiyoyin da suka Rarrabu a Mulki: Gina Jiha da Haɗakar Siyasa a Chechnya da Ingushetia (1991-2009). Jami'ar Tsakiyar Turai, Budapest * Sokirianskaia, E. 2010, Akida da Rikici: Siyasar 'Yancin Kan 'Yan Chechen Kafin da Lokacin Yaƙi, Shekaru Goma na Yaƙi. A cikin M. Gammer (Ed.), Ƙabilanci, Musulunci da Jiha a Caucasus: Rikicin bayan Soviet (shafi na 20).&nbsp;102–138). London: Routledge <ref name="ipev-fmsh">{{Cite web |title=Ekaterina Sokirianskaia |url=http://www.ipev-fmsh.org/en/author/ekaterina-sokirianskaia/ |access-date=August 17, 2020 |website=International Panel on Exiting Violence }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> * Sokirianskaia, E. 2013, Disamba 5, Wasannin hunturu, Bacin Caucasian. New York Times * Sokirianskaia, E. 2013, Disamba 7, Iska mai sanyi a cikin Caucasus. New York Times, p. A21 * Sokirianskaia, E. 2014, Jiha da Rikici a Chechnya (1997-1999). A cikin A. Regamey, E. Sieca-Kozlowski, & A. Le Huérou (Eds.), Chechnya a Yaƙi da Bayan (shafi.&nbsp;93–117). New York: Routledge/Taylor & Francis * Sokirianskaia, E. 2015, Zuwa ga Daular Musulunci da Baya. Ƙungiyar Crisis * Sokirianskaia, E. 2016, Rikicin Kabilanci na Arewacin Rasha Ya Fadada Yayin da Mafakar ISIS Ke Kara Karuwa. Sharhin Siyasar Duniya * Sokirianskaia, E. 2017, Maris 22, Vladimir Putin yana da ƙawaye ɗaya masu aminci: mata masu ƙarfin ƙarfe na Rasha. Guardian * Sokirianskaia, E. 2017, Mayu 3, Chechnya's Anti-Gay Pogrom. New York Times * Sokirianskaia, E. 2017, Agusta 1, Chechnya na Karɓar Rasha? International New York Times == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1975]] 7hr4fhxa9ivcymu4z9ag7x06bwk6y7q 0 143754 826498 820833 2026-04-26T07:33:32Z Pharouqenr 25549 826498 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Illegal''' (Faransanci: Illegal) fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na Belgium na 2010 wanda Olivier Masset-Depasse ya jagoranta. An zaɓi fim ɗin a matsayin shigarwar Belgium don Mafi kyawun Fim na Harshen Ƙasashen Waje a 83rd Academy Awards, amma bai shiga cikin gajerun jerin sunayen karshe ba. <ref name="Oscar Shortlist">{{Cite web |title=9 Foreign Language Films Continue to Oscar Race |url=http://www.oscars.org/press/pressreleases/2011/20110119.html |access-date=19 January 2011 |website=oscars.org}}</ref> Fim din ya sami gabatarwa takwas a 1st Magritte Awards, inda ya lashe kyautar Actress mafi kyau ga [[Anne Coesens]] da kuma Best Supporting Actress ga Christelle Cornil . Fim din yana sukar ayyukan jami'an shige da fice na Belgium. == Makirci == Fim din ya biyo bayan Tania da ɗanta mai shekaru 13 Ivan, baƙi biyu na [[Rasha]] da ba bisa ka'ida ba da ke zaune a [[Beljik|Belgium]]. Bayan an hana ta zama na dindindin na Belgium, Tania da gangan ta ƙone yatsunsu don cire yatsunsu kuma ta guje wa ganewa. Tania ta shawarci abokiyarta ta [[Belarus]] Zina da ta nemi mafaka ta siyasa, tunda 'yan Belgium suna ɗaukar Belarus a matsayin mulkin kama karya, amma Zina da alama ta watsar da shawarar Tania. An kama Tania, amma ta gaya wa Ivan ya gudu. Ta ki gaya mata sunanta, tana fatan za a sake ta bayan watanni 5, kamar yadda wani ba bisa ka'ida ba ya gaya mata. Ivan ya zo ya zauna tare da Zina. Tania tana da sha'awar fara aiki a cibiyar tsare-tsare don samun kuɗi don kiran shi daga lokaci zuwa lokaci. Ivan yana so ya fara aiki don samun abin biyan bukata. Koyaya, Tania tana damuwa cewa zai zama aikin aikata laifuka. Ivan yana so ya ziyarce ta, amma ba ta son hakan, zai iya sa abubuwa su fi muni. Hukumomi sun yi barazanar sanya ta a kurkuku na tsawon shekaru biyu saboda ba da sunan ƙarya yayin neman inshorar likita. Da yake ba shi da bege, Tania ta bayyana kanta a matsayin Zina kuma ta nemi mafaka ta siyasa, a matsayin Belarusian. Amma sai ta yi mamakin sanin cewa Zina ta riga ta nemi mafaka a baya, a Poland. Daga ƙarshe an tilasta Tania (a matsayin Zina) cikin jirgin sama don a kore shi zuwa Poland. Koyaya, wasu fasinjoji sun nuna rashin amincewa, kuma an cire ta daga jirgin. Bayan an yi mata duka a kan hanyar da take komawa cibiyar tsare-tsare, sai ta farka a asibiti, kuma ta tsere wa mai gadin barci, don a ƙarshe ta sake haduwa da ɗanta Ivan. == Masu ba da labari == * [[Anne Coesens]] a matsayin Tania * [[Alexandre Golntcharov|Alexander Golntcharov]] a matsayin Ivan * Christelle Cornil a matsayin Lieve * [[Frédéric Frenay]] a matsayin dan sanda 1 * Esse Lawson a matsayin Aissa * [[Olivier Schneider]] a matsayin 'yan sanda 2 * Shirley Rumierk a matsayin Maribel Chacon == Dubi kuma == * Jerin abubuwan da aka gabatar a cikin lambar yabo ta 83 ta Kwalejin don Mafi kyawun Fim na Harshen Ƙasashen waje * Jerin gabatarwar Belgium don Kyautar Kwalejin don Mafi kyawun Fim na Harshen Ƙasashen waje == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Fim]] fwuhpbpxn8x90632s754r8a52l078oe 826499 826498 2026-04-26T07:33:44Z Pharouqenr 25549 826499 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Illegal''' (Faransanci: Illegal) fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na Belgium na 2010 wanda Olivier Masset-Depasse ya jagoranta. An zaɓi fim ɗin a matsayin shigarwar Belgium don Mafi kyawun Fim na Harshen Ƙasashen Waje a 83rd Academy Awards, amma bai shiga cikin gajerun jerin sunayen karshe ba.<ref name="Oscar Shortlist">{{Cite web |title=9 Foreign Language Films Continue to Oscar Race |url=http://www.oscars.org/press/pressreleases/2011/20110119.html |access-date=19 January 2011 |website=oscars.org}}</ref> Fim din ya sami gabatarwa takwas a 1st Magritte Awards, inda ya lashe kyautar Actress mafi kyau ga [[Anne Coesens]] da kuma Best Supporting Actress ga Christelle Cornil . Fim din yana sukar ayyukan jami'an shige da fice na Belgium. == Makirci == Fim din ya biyo bayan Tania da ɗanta mai shekaru 13 Ivan, baƙi biyu na [[Rasha]] da ba bisa ka'ida ba da ke zaune a [[Beljik|Belgium]]. Bayan an hana ta zama na dindindin na Belgium, Tania da gangan ta ƙone yatsunsu don cire yatsunsu kuma ta guje wa ganewa. Tania ta shawarci abokiyarta ta [[Belarus]] Zina da ta nemi mafaka ta siyasa, tunda 'yan Belgium suna ɗaukar Belarus a matsayin mulkin kama karya, amma Zina da alama ta watsar da shawarar Tania. An kama Tania, amma ta gaya wa Ivan ya gudu. Ta ki gaya mata sunanta, tana fatan za a sake ta bayan watanni 5, kamar yadda wani ba bisa ka'ida ba ya gaya mata. Ivan ya zo ya zauna tare da Zina. Tania tana da sha'awar fara aiki a cibiyar tsare-tsare don samun kuɗi don kiran shi daga lokaci zuwa lokaci. Ivan yana so ya fara aiki don samun abin biyan bukata. Koyaya, Tania tana damuwa cewa zai zama aikin aikata laifuka. Ivan yana so ya ziyarce ta, amma ba ta son hakan, zai iya sa abubuwa su fi muni. Hukumomi sun yi barazanar sanya ta a kurkuku na tsawon shekaru biyu saboda ba da sunan ƙarya yayin neman inshorar likita. Da yake ba shi da bege, Tania ta bayyana kanta a matsayin Zina kuma ta nemi mafaka ta siyasa, a matsayin Belarusian. Amma sai ta yi mamakin sanin cewa Zina ta riga ta nemi mafaka a baya, a Poland. Daga ƙarshe an tilasta Tania (a matsayin Zina) cikin jirgin sama don a kore shi zuwa Poland. Koyaya, wasu fasinjoji sun nuna rashin amincewa, kuma an cire ta daga jirgin. Bayan an yi mata duka a kan hanyar da take komawa cibiyar tsare-tsare, sai ta farka a asibiti, kuma ta tsere wa mai gadin barci, don a ƙarshe ta sake haduwa da ɗanta Ivan. == Masu ba da labari == * [[Anne Coesens]] a matsayin Tania * [[Alexandre Golntcharov|Alexander Golntcharov]] a matsayin Ivan * Christelle Cornil a matsayin Lieve * [[Frédéric Frenay]] a matsayin dan sanda 1 * Esse Lawson a matsayin Aissa * [[Olivier Schneider]] a matsayin 'yan sanda 2 * Shirley Rumierk a matsayin Maribel Chacon == Dubi kuma == * Jerin abubuwan da aka gabatar a cikin lambar yabo ta 83 ta Kwalejin don Mafi kyawun Fim na Harshen Ƙasashen waje * Jerin gabatarwar Belgium don Kyautar Kwalejin don Mafi kyawun Fim na Harshen Ƙasashen waje == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Fim]] jefmbj5lh8uphjk2kxytjtyz30v5w45 826500 826499 2026-04-26T07:33:58Z Pharouqenr 25549 826500 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Illegal''' (Faransanci: Illegal) fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na Belgium na 2010 wanda Olivier Masset-Depasse ya jagoranta. An zaɓi fim ɗin a matsayin shigarwar Belgium don Mafi kyawun Fim na Harshen Ƙasashen Waje a 83rd Academy Awards, amma bai shiga cikin gajerun jerin sunayen karshe ba.<ref name="Oscar Shortlist">{{Cite web |title=9 Foreign Language Films Continue to Oscar Race |url=http://www.oscars.org/press/pressreleases/2011/20110119.html |access-date=19 January 2011 |website=oscars.org}}</ref> Fim din ya sami gabatarwa takwas a 1st Magritte Awards, inda ya lashe kyautar Actress mafi kyau ga [[Anne Coesens]] da kuma Best Supporting Actress ga Christelle Cornil . Fim din yana sukar ayyukan jami'an shige da fice na Belgium. == Makirci == Fim din ya biyo bayan Tania da ɗanta mai shekaru 13 Ivan, baƙi biyu na [[Rasha]] da ba bisa ka'ida ba da ke zaune a [[Beljik|Belgium]]. Bayan an hana ta zama na dindindin na Belgium, Tania da gangan ta ƙone yatsunsu don cire yatsunsu kuma ta guje wa ganewa. Tania ta shawarci abokiyarta ta [[Belarus]] Zina da ta nemi mafaka ta siyasa, tunda 'yan Belgium suna ɗaukar Belarus a matsayin mulkin kama karya, amma Zina da alama ta watsar da shawarar Tania. An kama Tania, amma ta gaya wa Ivan ya gudu. Ta ki gaya mata sunanta, tana fatan za a sake ta bayan watanni 5, kamar yadda wani ba bisa ka'ida ba ya gaya mata. Ivan ya zo ya zauna tare da Zina. Tania tana da sha'awar fara aiki a cibiyar tsare-tsare don samun kuɗi don kiran shi daga lokaci zuwa lokaci. Ivan yana so ya fara aiki don samun abin biyan bukata. Koyaya, Tania tana damuwa cewa zai zama aikin aikata laifuka. Ivan yana so ya ziyarce ta, amma ba ta son hakan, zai iya sa abubuwa su fi muni. Hukumomi sun yi barazanar sanya ta a kurkuku na tsawon shekaru biyu saboda ba da sunan ƙarya yayin neman inshorar likita. Da yake ba shi da bege, Tania ta bayyana kanta a matsayin Zina kuma ta nemi mafaka ta siyasa, a matsayin Belarusian. Amma sai ta yi mamakin sanin cewa Zina ta riga ta nemi mafaka a baya, a Poland. Daga ƙarshe an tilasta Tania (a matsayin Zina) cikin jirgin sama don a kore shi zuwa Poland. Koyaya, wasu fasinjoji sun nuna rashin amincewa, kuma an cire ta daga jirgin. Bayan an yi mata duka a kan hanyar da take komawa cibiyar tsare-tsare, sai ta farka a asibiti, kuma ta tsere wa mai gadin barci, don a ƙarshe ta sake haduwa da ɗanta Ivan. == Masu ba da labari == * [[Anne Coesens]] a matsayin Tania * Alexander Golntcharov a matsayin Ivan * Christelle Cornil a matsayin Lieve * [[Frédéric Frenay]] a matsayin dan sanda 1 * Esse Lawson a matsayin Aissa * [[Olivier Schneider]] a matsayin 'yan sanda 2 * Shirley Rumierk a matsayin Maribel Chacon == Dubi kuma == * Jerin abubuwan da aka gabatar a cikin lambar yabo ta 83 ta Kwalejin don Mafi kyawun Fim na Harshen Ƙasashen waje * Jerin gabatarwar Belgium don Kyautar Kwalejin don Mafi kyawun Fim na Harshen Ƙasashen waje == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Fim]] c3wftqbe71tudcky85dtg8v6vwi8ra0 826501 826500 2026-04-26T07:34:22Z Pharouqenr 25549 826501 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Illegal''' (Faransanci: Illegal) fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na Belgium na 2010 wanda Olivier Masset-Depasse ya jagoranta. An zaɓi fim ɗin a matsayin shigarwar Belgium don Mafi kyawun Fim na Harshen Ƙasashen Waje a 83rd Academy Awards, amma bai shiga cikin gajerun jerin sunayen karshe ba.<ref name="Oscar Shortlist">{{Cite web |title=9 Foreign Language Films Continue to Oscar Race |url=http://www.oscars.org/press/pressreleases/2011/20110119.html |access-date=19 January 2011 |website=oscars.org}}</ref> Fim din ya sami gabatarwa takwas a 1st Magritte Awards, inda ya lashe kyautar Actress mafi kyau ga [[Anne Coesens]] da kuma Best Supporting Actress ga Christelle Cornil . Fim din yana sukar ayyukan jami'an shige da fice na Belgium. == Makirci == Fim din ya biyo bayan Tania da ɗanta mai shekaru 13 Ivan, baƙi biyu na [[Rasha]] da ba bisa ka'ida ba da ke zaune a [[Beljik|Belgium]]. Bayan an hana ta zama na dindindin na Belgium, Tania da gangan ta ƙone yatsunsu don cire yatsunsu kuma ta guje wa ganewa. Tania ta shawarci abokiyarta ta [[Belarus]] Zina da ta nemi mafaka ta siyasa, tunda 'yan Belgium suna ɗaukar Belarus a matsayin mulkin kama karya, amma Zina da alama ta watsar da shawarar Tania. An kama Tania, amma ta gaya wa Ivan ya gudu. Ta ki gaya mata sunanta, tana fatan za a sake ta bayan watanni 5, kamar yadda wani ba bisa ka'ida ba ya gaya mata. Ivan ya zo ya zauna tare da Zina. Tania tana da sha'awar fara aiki a cibiyar tsare-tsare don samun kuɗi don kiran shi daga lokaci zuwa lokaci. Ivan yana so ya fara aiki don samun abin biyan bukata. Koyaya, Tania tana damuwa cewa zai zama aikin aikata laifuka. Ivan yana so ya ziyarce ta, amma ba ta son hakan, zai iya sa abubuwa su fi muni. Hukumomi sun yi barazanar sanya ta a kurkuku na tsawon shekaru biyu saboda ba da sunan ƙarya yayin neman inshorar likita. Da yake ba shi da bege, Tania ta bayyana kanta a matsayin Zina kuma ta nemi mafaka ta siyasa, a matsayin Belarusian. Amma sai ta yi mamakin sanin cewa Zina ta riga ta nemi mafaka a baya, a Poland. Daga ƙarshe an tilasta Tania (a matsayin Zina) cikin jirgin sama don a kore shi zuwa Poland. Koyaya, wasu fasinjoji sun nuna rashin amincewa, kuma an cire ta daga jirgin. Bayan an yi mata duka a kan hanyar da take komawa cibiyar tsare-tsare, sai ta farka a asibiti, kuma ta tsere wa mai gadin barci, don a ƙarshe ta sake haduwa da ɗanta Ivan. == Masu ba da labari == * [[Anne Coesens]] a matsayin Tania * Alexander Golntcharov a matsayin Ivan * Christelle Cornil a matsayin Lieve * Frédéric Frenay a matsayin dan sanda 1 * Esse Lawson a matsayin Aissa * [[Olivier Schneider]] a matsayin 'yan sanda 2 * Shirley Rumierk a matsayin Maribel Chacon == Dubi kuma == * Jerin abubuwan da aka gabatar a cikin lambar yabo ta 83 ta Kwalejin don Mafi kyawun Fim na Harshen Ƙasashen waje * Jerin gabatarwar Belgium don Kyautar Kwalejin don Mafi kyawun Fim na Harshen Ƙasashen waje == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Fim]] ge21cwt3eb656fy965x1z1k1wcrg4h2 826502 826501 2026-04-26T07:34:33Z Pharouqenr 25549 826502 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Illegal''' (Faransanci: Illegal) fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na Belgium na 2010 wanda Olivier Masset-Depasse ya jagoranta. An zaɓi fim ɗin a matsayin shigarwar Belgium don Mafi kyawun Fim na Harshen Ƙasashen Waje a 83rd Academy Awards, amma bai shiga cikin gajerun jerin sunayen karshe ba.<ref name="Oscar Shortlist">{{Cite web |title=9 Foreign Language Films Continue to Oscar Race |url=http://www.oscars.org/press/pressreleases/2011/20110119.html |access-date=19 January 2011 |website=oscars.org}}</ref> Fim din ya sami gabatarwa takwas a 1st Magritte Awards, inda ya lashe kyautar Actress mafi kyau ga [[Anne Coesens]] da kuma Best Supporting Actress ga Christelle Cornil . Fim din yana sukar ayyukan jami'an shige da fice na Belgium. == Makirci == Fim din ya biyo bayan Tania da ɗanta mai shekaru 13 Ivan, baƙi biyu na [[Rasha]] da ba bisa ka'ida ba da ke zaune a [[Beljik|Belgium]]. Bayan an hana ta zama na dindindin na Belgium, Tania da gangan ta ƙone yatsunsu don cire yatsunsu kuma ta guje wa ganewa. Tania ta shawarci abokiyarta ta [[Belarus]] Zina da ta nemi mafaka ta siyasa, tunda 'yan Belgium suna ɗaukar Belarus a matsayin mulkin kama karya, amma Zina da alama ta watsar da shawarar Tania. An kama Tania, amma ta gaya wa Ivan ya gudu. Ta ki gaya mata sunanta, tana fatan za a sake ta bayan watanni 5, kamar yadda wani ba bisa ka'ida ba ya gaya mata. Ivan ya zo ya zauna tare da Zina. Tania tana da sha'awar fara aiki a cibiyar tsare-tsare don samun kuɗi don kiran shi daga lokaci zuwa lokaci. Ivan yana so ya fara aiki don samun abin biyan bukata. Koyaya, Tania tana damuwa cewa zai zama aikin aikata laifuka. Ivan yana so ya ziyarce ta, amma ba ta son hakan, zai iya sa abubuwa su fi muni. Hukumomi sun yi barazanar sanya ta a kurkuku na tsawon shekaru biyu saboda ba da sunan ƙarya yayin neman inshorar likita. Da yake ba shi da bege, Tania ta bayyana kanta a matsayin Zina kuma ta nemi mafaka ta siyasa, a matsayin Belarusian. Amma sai ta yi mamakin sanin cewa Zina ta riga ta nemi mafaka a baya, a Poland. Daga ƙarshe an tilasta Tania (a matsayin Zina) cikin jirgin sama don a kore shi zuwa Poland. Koyaya, wasu fasinjoji sun nuna rashin amincewa, kuma an cire ta daga jirgin. Bayan an yi mata duka a kan hanyar da take komawa cibiyar tsare-tsare, sai ta farka a asibiti, kuma ta tsere wa mai gadin barci, don a ƙarshe ta sake haduwa da ɗanta Ivan. == Masu ba da labari == * [[Anne Coesens]] a matsayin Tania * Alexander Golntcharov a matsayin Ivan * Christelle Cornil a matsayin Lieve * Frédéric Frenay a matsayin dan sanda 1 * Esse Lawson a matsayin Aissa * Olivier Schneider a matsayin 'yan sanda 2 * Shirley Rumierk a matsayin Maribel Chacon == Dubi kuma == * Jerin abubuwan da aka gabatar a cikin lambar yabo ta 83 ta Kwalejin don Mafi kyawun Fim na Harshen Ƙasashen waje * Jerin gabatarwar Belgium don Kyautar Kwalejin don Mafi kyawun Fim na Harshen Ƙasashen waje == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Category:Fim]] hz7tuxcqz928rxoctmn8gfqmyr6011y 826503 826502 2026-04-26T07:34:49Z Pharouqenr 25549 826503 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Illegal''' (Faransanci: Illegal) fim ne na wasan kwaikwayo na Belgium na 2010 wanda Olivier Masset-Depasse ya jagoranta. An zaɓi fim ɗin a matsayin shigarwar Belgium don Mafi kyawun Fim na Harshen Ƙasashen Waje a 83rd Academy Awards, amma bai shiga cikin gajerun jerin sunayen karshe ba.<ref name="Oscar Shortlist">{{Cite web |title=9 Foreign Language Films Continue to Oscar Race |url=http://www.oscars.org/press/pressreleases/2011/20110119.html |access-date=19 January 2011 |website=oscars.org}}</ref> Fim din ya sami gabatarwa takwas a 1st Magritte Awards, inda ya lashe kyautar Actress mafi kyau ga [[Anne Coesens]] da kuma Best Supporting Actress ga Christelle Cornil . Fim din yana sukar ayyukan jami'an shige da fice na Belgium. == Makirci == Fim din ya biyo bayan Tania da ɗanta mai shekaru 13 Ivan, baƙi biyu na [[Rasha]] da ba bisa ka'ida ba da ke zaune a [[Beljik|Belgium]]. Bayan an hana ta zama na dindindin na Belgium, Tania da gangan ta ƙone yatsunsu don cire yatsunsu kuma ta guje wa ganewa. Tania ta shawarci abokiyarta ta [[Belarus]] Zina da ta nemi mafaka ta siyasa, tunda 'yan Belgium suna ɗaukar Belarus a matsayin mulkin kama karya, amma Zina da alama ta watsar da shawarar Tania. An kama Tania, amma ta gaya wa Ivan ya gudu. Ta ki gaya mata sunanta, tana fatan za a sake ta bayan watanni 5, kamar yadda wani ba bisa ka'ida ba ya gaya mata. Ivan ya zo ya zauna tare da Zina. Tania tana da sha'awar fara aiki a cibiyar tsare-tsare don samun kuɗi don kiran shi daga lokaci zuwa lokaci. Ivan yana so ya fara aiki don samun abin biyan bukata. Koyaya, Tania tana damuwa cewa zai zama aikin aikata laifuka. Ivan yana so ya ziyarce ta, amma ba ta son hakan, zai iya sa abubuwa su fi muni. Hukumomi sun yi barazanar sanya ta a kurkuku na tsawon shekaru biyu saboda ba da sunan ƙarya yayin neman inshorar likita. Da yake ba shi da bege, Tania ta bayyana kanta a matsayin Zina kuma ta nemi mafaka ta siyasa, a matsayin Belarusian. Amma sai ta yi mamakin sanin cewa Zina ta riga ta nemi mafaka a baya, a Poland. Daga ƙarshe an tilasta Tania (a matsayin Zina) cikin jirgin sama don a kore shi zuwa Poland. Koyaya, wasu fasinjoji sun nuna rashin amincewa, kuma an cire ta daga jirgin. Bayan an yi mata duka a kan hanyar da take komawa cibiyar tsare-tsare, sai ta farka a asibiti, kuma ta tsere wa mai gadin barci, don a ƙarshe ta sake haduwa da ɗanta Ivan. == Masu ba da labari == * [[Anne Coesens]] a matsayin Tania * Alexander Golntcharov a matsayin Ivan * Christelle Cornil a matsayin Lieve * Frédéric Frenay a matsayin dan sanda 1 * Esse Lawson a matsayin Aissa * Olivier Schneider a matsayin 'yan sanda 2 * Shirley Rumierk a matsayin Maribel Chacon == Dubi kuma == * Jerin abubuwan da aka gabatar a cikin lambar yabo ta 83 ta Kwalejin don Mafi kyawun Fim na Harshen Ƙasashen waje * Jerin gabatarwar Belgium don Kyautar Kwalejin don Mafi kyawun Fim na Harshen Ƙasashen waje == Manazarta == {{Reflist}}{{Reflist}} [[Category:Fim]] brkvdue508sxxch923cc1m14623lthi 0 143915 826525 805439 2026-04-26T07:41:35Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826525 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dwora Gilula''' ((Hebrew; an haife shi a ranar 9 ga Mayu 1934, Lublin, [[Poland]]) shi ne Farfesa Louis Lipsky EmerIta na Drama a Sashen Nazarin gargajiya da Nazarin Wasanni a [[Jami'ar Ibraniyawa ta Kudus|Jami'ar Ibrananci]] da ke Urushalima . Ta kuma gyara da fassara daga harsuna daban-daban guda biyar zuwa Ibrananci, gami da wallafe-wallafen Helenanci da Latin. Binciken da take so shine wasan kwaikwayo da wasan kwaikwayo na Romawa da Girka, jawabin Girka, da ayyukan Nathan Alterman. Ta sami lambar yabo ta Isra'ila don wallafe-wallafen, waka da fassara a shekarar 2025. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Staff |title=DWORA GILULA, LOUIS LIPSKY PROFESSOR EMERITA OF DRAMA |url=https://www.magnespress.co.il/en/contributor/%D7%93%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%94_%D7%92%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%94 |website=Magnes Press}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haifi Dwora Gilula (née Cynamon) a shekara ta 1934 a Lublin, Poland, ga Simcha Cynamon da Leah (Lola) (née Glatstein). Lola 'yar'uwar mawaki da marubucin Yiddish Jacob Glatstein ce. A watan Fabrairun 1946, bayan Yaƙin Duniya na II, ta yi hijira zuwa Isra'ila a matsayin wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar Youth Aliyah a matsayin maraya da ta tsira daga Holocaust, kuma ta yi karatu a Kibbutz Kfar Masaryk . <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Staff of Israel Prize |title=Israel Prize Recipient Dwora Gilula |url=https://israel-prize.education.gov.il/israel-prize-recipients/pras-israel-catalog/profesor-dvora-gilula/ |website=Israel Prize recipients }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A shekara ta 1961, ta sami digiri na farko a fannin wallafe-wallafen Ibrananci da Littafi Mai-Tsarki a Jami'ar Ibrananci a Urushalima, kuma a shekarar 1966, ta sami digiri ya biyu a fannin Nazarin gargajiya. Ta sami digirinta na PhD a cikin Nazarin gargajiya a 1977 daga Faculty of Humanities, Sashen Nazarin gargajiya na Jami'ar Ibrananci. Ta rubuta takardar jarabawarta ta PhD, a karkashin kulawar Farfesa Baruch Lifshitz, a kan wasan kwaikwayo "The Eunuch" na Terentius, (Terence) wanda aka rubuta a Roman. Babban abin da aka mayar da hankali ga aikin shine ƙirƙirar fitowar kimiyya na wasan: fassarar rubutu, harshe da wallafe-wallafen, da kuma rubuce-rubucen gabatarwa da kari.<ref name=":1"/> Farawa a 1963, yayin da take dalibi, ta fara koyarwa a Sashen Nazarin gargajiya a Jami'ar Ibrananci. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Staff |title=Professor Dwora Gilula (Hebrew) |url=https://israel-prize.education.gov.il/israel-prize-recipients/pras-israel-catalog/profesor-dvora-gilula/ |website=Israel Prize recipients }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Ayyuka == Bayan karbar digirinta na PhD a shekarar 1977, ta shiga jami'ar jami'a a matsayin mataimakiyar malama a Sashen Nazarin gargajiya.<ref name=":0"/> Bayan lokaci, ta tashi ta hanyar matsayi na ilimi, ta zama Babban Malami a 1982, Mataimakin Farfesa a 1991, Cikakken Farfesa a 1996, har sai da ta yi ritaya a matsayin Farfesa Emerita a 2002. A cikin 1987-1983 da 1990-1988, ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabar Sashen Nazarin Wasanni, wani ɓangare na Faculty of Humanities a Jami'ar Ibrananci.<ref name=":1"/> Yayinda take zaune a kasashen waje daga 1969 zuwa 1972, ta koyar da karatun gargajiya a Jami'ar Illinois a Birnin Chicago a matsayin mataimakiyar farfesa. Tare da Farfesa Eli Rosik, Farfesa na Fasaha a Jami'ar Tel Aviv, ta kafa kungiyar Isra'ila don Ci gaban Binciken Wasanni a shekarar 1988, kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabarta daga 1992 zuwa 1996. Baya ga matsayinta a Jami'ar Ibrananci, ta kafa Sashen Wasanni da Haɗin Fasaha a Koyarwa a Kwalejin Ilimi ta David Yellin, a cikin 1999, inda ta ba da lacca kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabar sashen har zuwa 2003.<ref name=":1"/> Shekaru da yawa, Gilula ta shirya jaridu / mujallu da yawa da suka shafi gidan wasan kwaikwayo, ciki har da "Eskolot", "Bamah" (Magajin gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Isra'ila) da kuma mujallar da ta biyo baya "Bamot v'Masach" (Scene da Screen), wanda ya fara bugawa a 2009 bayan Bamah ya daina bugawa. An buga fitowarsa ta ƙarshe, Number 11, a watan Fabrairun 2014. [1][2] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1934]] 3li379q27hfnjdtceqsv5se54af91w5 0 143950 826267 805556 2026-04-25T15:37:19Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826267 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Célia Posser''' lauya ce kuma 'yar siyasa ce kuma 'yar [[Sao Tome da Prinsipe|ƙasar São Tomée]]. Ta yi aiki a majalisar ministocin Firayim Minista [[Maria do Carmo Silveira]] tsakanin shekarun 2005 da 2006 a matsayin [[Secretary of State for Public Administration and Social Communication|Sakatariyar Harkokin Gudanarwa da Sadarwar Jama'a]]. Bayan ta bar gwamnati, ta ci gaba da aiki a ƙasar don ci gaba da aiki a matsayin lauya kuma an zaɓe ta a matsayin shugabar ƙungiyar lauyoyi ta ƙasa a watan Maris na 2017. == Aiki == Célia Posser ta yi aiki a matsayin [[Secretary of State for Public Administration and Social Communication|Sakatariyar Harkokin Waje ta Gudanar da Jama'a da Sadarwar Jama'a]] tsakanin shekarun 2005 da 2006 a [[X Constitutional Government of São Tomé and Príncipe|Gwamnatin Kundin Tsarin Mulki ta X ta São Tomé da Príncipe]] a ƙarƙashin Firayim Minista [[Maria do Carmo Silveira]].<ref>{{cite thesis |last=Sequeira |first=Victória Cecília Almeida |title=A situacao das mulheres na sociedade santomse |type=Bachelor's thesis |publisher=Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul |url=https://www.lume.ufrgs.br/bitstream/handle/10183/26404/000758545.pdf?sequence=1 |access-date=11 November 2017 |hdl=10183/26404 |page=36 |language=pt |archive-date=19 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170819183656/http://www.lume.ufrgs.br/bitstream/handle/10183/26404/000758545.pdf?sequence=1 |url-status=dead }}</ref> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''[[wikipedia:Ingancin tushen bayani|<span title="This claim needs references to better sources. (March 2023)">mafi kyau&nbsp;tushe&nbsp;</span>]]''</sup>a lokacin da take <sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5D; ''[[wikipedia:Ingancin tushen bayani|<span title="This claim needs references to better sources. (March 2023)">,</span>]]''</sup> ta fara sayar da gidajen rediyo da talabijin mallakar gwamnati, sannan ta ba su lasisin watsa shirye-shirye guda biyu na farko na gidajen rediyo masu zaman kansu na ƙasar.<ref>{{cite news|title=Governo vai reestruturar rádio estatal face à liberalização do sector|date=21 February 2006|url=http://www.noticiaslusofonas.com/view.php?load=arcview&article=13366&catogory=Cabo+Verde|access-date=11 November 2017|work=Noticias Lusofonas|language=pt-PT|archive-date=12 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171112185438/http://www.noticiaslusofonas.com/view.php?load=arcview&article=13366&catogory=Cabo+Verde|url-status=dead}}</ref> Posser ta kuma kasance wakiliyar São Tomé da Príncipe a tattaunawar da ta yi da Angola a shekarar 2005 don inganta haɗin gwiwa a fannin tsaro, sufuri, kamun kifi da sadarwa, da kuma tattauna batun yafe bashin da ake bin Angola na dala miliyan 21.<ref>{{cite news|title=São Tomé e Príncipe quer perdão da dívida de USD 21 milhões|url=http://www.angop.ao/angola/pt_pt/noticias/politica/2005/10/48/Sao-Tome-Principe-quer-perdao-divida-USD-milhoes,4b4907db-f446-4583-9184-762eb97e7382.html|access-date=11 November 2017|work=ANGOP|date=28 November 2005|language=PT-PT}}</ref> Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin shugabar Majalisar Ɗinkin Jaridu ta Jihar Tsibirin (mai kula da harkokin manema labarai).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Annuaire des Instances Francophones de Régulation de la Communication |url=http://haca.ma/refram/Doc%20REFRAM/Annuaire%20Refram.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120617130054/http://www.haca.ma/refram/Doc%20REFRAM/Annuaire%20Refram.pdf |archive-date=2012-06-17 |publisher=Réseau Francophone des Régulateurs des Médias |language=fr}}</ref> Posser ta yi aiki a matsayin lauya a São Tomé da Príncipe tun daga shekarar 2007.<ref name=bar>{{cite news|title=Célia Posser toma posse hoje como Bastonária da Ordem dos Advogados|url=https://www.telanon.info/sociedade/2017/03/24/24016/celia-posser-toma-posse-hoje-como-bastonaria-da-ordem-dos-advogados/|access-date=11 November 2017|work=Téla Nón|date=24 March 2017|language=pt-PT}}</ref> Ta kuma kasance shugabar Dandalin Kare Hakkin Ɗan Adam da Jinsi, wata ƙungiya mai zaman kanta ta kare hakkin ɗan adam da ke ƙasar.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Assessment of Development Results – Sao Tome and Principe |url=http://www.st.undp.org/content/dam/sao_tome_and_principe/docs/Operation/undp_st_ADR_SaoTome_Principe_FR_2015.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171207193001/http://www.st.undp.org/content/dam/sao_tome_and_principe/docs/Operation/undp_st_ADR_SaoTome_Principe_FR_2015.pdf |archive-date=7 December 2017 |access-date=11 November 2017 |publisher=United Nations Development Programme}}</ref> Posser memba ce a kungiyar Lauyoyi Mata. <ref name="bar" /> An zaɓi Posser a matsayin shugabar ƙungiyar lauyoyi ta São Tomé da Príncipe a watan Maris na 2017 na wa'adin shekaru huɗu. Ita ce mace ta biyu da ta riƙe wannan matsayi. Posser ta yi alƙawarin tabbatar da cewa lauyoyin ƙasar za su inganta adalci da kuma kare haƙƙin ɗan adam. An zaɓe ta a wani lokaci mai wahala ga tsarin shari'a, lokacin da aka dakatar da shari'o'in kotu saboda yajin aikin da jami'an kotu da masu gabatar da ƙara suka yi. A matsayinta na shugabar ƙungiyar lauyoyi, Posser ta yi gargaɗi game da haɗarin sake fasalin tsarin kotu daga sama zuwa ƙasa da Shugaba Evaristo Carvalho ya yi.<ref>{{cite news|last1=ALFA|first1=Grupo|title=São Tomé e Príncipe: Novo ano judicial com "reformas profundas" na agenda -|url=http://anacao.cv/2017/06/27/sao-tome-principe-novo-ano-judicial-reformas-profundas-na-agenda/|access-date=11 November 2017|publisher=A Naca|date=27 June 2017|language=pt-PT|archive-date=12 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171112184937/http://anacao.cv/2017/06/27/sao-tome-principe-novo-ano-judicial-reformas-profundas-na-agenda/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ta kuma sanar, a ranar 18 ga watan Oktoba, cewa lauyoyi a ƙasar za su daina aikin da suka daɗe suna yi wa talakawan ƙasar São Tomé da Príncipe. Sun yi aiki kyauta a baya kuma sun biya kuɗin ma'aikatan kotu daga kuɗaɗen ƙungiyar lauyoyi. An janye shirin da fatan gwamnati za ta gabatar da ingantaccen tsarin [[Taimakon Shari'a|taimakon shari'a]] don ba da damar samun adalci ga kowa.<ref>{{cite news|title=Advogados suspendem defesas oficiosas por falta da contribuição do Estado|url=http://www.stp-press.st/d10.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171113130501/http://stp-press.st/d10.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=13 November 2017|access-date=11 November 2017|work=STP Press|date=18 October 2017|language=pt}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 54hx4vl9hwjj7bbxkh6qpkjv84i7ott 0 143956 826604 805577 2026-04-26T09:07:42Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826604 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Edite Ramos da Costa Tenjua''' (an haife ta a ranar 31 ga watan Disamba 1972) lauya ce kuma 'yar kasuwa [[Sao Tome da Prinsipe|a São Tomé da Príncipe]] wacce ta kasance Ministar Shari'a daga shekarun 2012 zuwa 2014, ta yi aiki a [[Constitutional Court of São Tomé and Príncipe|Kotun Tsarin Mulki]] ta ƙasar daga shekarun 2019 zuwa 2020. Ta kasance ministar harkokin waje daga shekarun 2020 zuwa 2022. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Tenjua a Afirka a ranar 31 ga watan Disamba 1972 <ref>{{Cite web |title=CV MJ Edite Tenjua |url=http://livrozilla.com/doc/548232/cv-mj-edite-tenjua}}</ref> kuma ta ƙaura zuwa [[Portugal]] a shekarar 1976. <ref name="ponto">{{Cite web |date=17 March 2019 |title=Custa muito sair da zona de conforto, mas é fundamental para o crescimento |url=https://pontosdevista.pt/2019/03/17/custa-sair-da-zona-conforto-fundamental-crescimento/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128135303/https://pontosdevista.pt/2019/03/17/custa-sair-da-zona-conforto-fundamental-crescimento/ |archive-date=28 November 2020 |access-date=16 October 2020 |website=Pontos de Vista |language=Portuguese}}</ref> Tana da digirin shari'a daga Jami'ar Lisbon, ta kammala karatunta a shekarar 1999. <ref name="novos">{{Cite web |last=Dênde |first=Manuel |date=14 August 2019 |title=Novos juízes tomam posse e Edite Tem-Jua fica vice-presidente do Tribunal Constitucional |url=http://www.stp-press.st/2019/08/14/novos-juizes-tomam-posse-e-edite-tem-jua-fica-vice-presidente-do-tribunal-constitucional/ |access-date=16 October 2020 |website=STP-Press}}</ref> == Aiki == Tenjua ta yi aiki a matsayin lauya a Portugal da [[Mozambik|Mozambique]], kafin ta zama darakta a Sashen Haraji da Shari'a na KPMG Angola. <ref name="ponto"/> A shekara ta 2004, ta shiga Hukumar Haɗin Gwiwa ta Nigeria-S. Tomé da Principe a matsayin lauya, tana kula da sashen shari'a daga shekarun 2008 zuwa 2010. <ref name="ponto" /> Tenjua 'yar kasuwa ce kuma tun daga shekarar 2006 ta mallaki TEN JUA Collection Fashion Brand, tare da shaguna a Sao Tome, [[Najeriya]], da Portugal. <ref name="ponto"/> Ta kuma rubuta littattafan yara da dama, ciki har da ''Tita Catita''. <ref name="ponto" /> Tana shugabancin wata gidauniya mai suna El-Shaddai, wacce ke aiki da yara marasa galihu a Afirka don jaddada ilimi. <ref name="ponto" /> Tenjua ta kasance Ministar Shari'a daga shekarun 2012 zuwa 2014. <ref name="nova">{{Cite web |last=Veiga |first=Abel |date=12 August 2019 |title=Nova Maioria elegeu 3 novos juízes para o TC |url=https://www.telanon.info/politica/2019/08/12/29791/nova-maioria-elegeu-3-novos-juizes-para-o-tc/ |access-date=16 October 2020 |website=Tela Non |language=Portuguese}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=OS MINISTROS DA JUSTIÇA AO LONGO DOS ANOS. |url=http://justica.gov.st/evolucao.php |publisher=Ministry of Justice }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=18 September 2013 |title=Ministra da Justiça são-tomense na 64ªConferência do Comité dos direitos das Crianças |url=http://www.jornaltransparencia.st/sociedade813.htm |access-date=16 October 2020 |website=Jornal Transparencia |language=Portuguese}}</ref> A shekarar 2019, ta kasance mai ba da shawara kan harkokin man fetur ga Firayim Ministan São Tomé da Príncipe, <ref name="ponto"/> kafin a zaɓe ta a Kotun Kundin Tsarin Mulki bayan an kori alkalai uku bayan an yi musu shari'a <ref name="novos"/> bayan da Firayim Minista Patrice Trovoada ya zarge ta da karɓar cin hanci a shari'ar da ta shafi sayar da giyar ''Cervejeira Rosema'' ga wani kamfanin Angola. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Medeiros |first=Oscar |date=7 December 2017 |title=Há uma máfia instalada nos tribunais do país de São Tomé e Principe, diz Patrice Trovoada |url=https://www.voaportugues.com/a/ha-uma-mafia-instalada-tribunais-sao-tome-patrice-trovoada/4153925.html |access-date=10 September 2019 |website=VOA |publisher=Voice of America |language=pt}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Caso da cervejeira Rosema está transitado em julgado e arquivado – governo são-tomense |url=https://www.dn.pt/lusa/interior/caso-da-cervejeira-rosema-esta-transitado-em-julgado-e-arquivado---governo-sao-tomense-9256077.html |access-date=10 September 2019 |website=dn.pt |publisher=Diario de Noticias |language=pt}}</ref> Firayim Minista Jorge Bom Jesus ya naɗa Tenjua a matsayin ministar harkokin waje a ranar 21 ga watan Satumba, 2020, inda ya maye gurbin Elsa Teixeira Pinto. <ref>{{Cite web |date=19 September 2020 |title=PM são-tomense remodela Governo após ultimato do PR |url=https://www.voaportugues.com/a/pm-são-tomense-remodela-governo-após-ultimato-do-pr/5589960.html |access-date=16 October 2020 |website=VOA |language=Portuguese}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 September 2020 |title=STP Governo remodelado reune pela primeira vez em Conselho de Ministros |url=https://e-global.pt/noticias/lusofonia/sao-tome-e-principe/stp-governo-remodelado-reune-pela-primeira-vez-em-conselho-de-ministros/ |access-date=16 October 2020 |publisher=e-Global}}</ref> A shekarar 2025, ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin mata goma sha uku da aka zaɓa daga faɗin Afirka a matsayin shugabar "Amujae" ta Cibiyar Shugabancin Mata da Ci Gaba ta Ellen Johnson Sirleaf. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=Abdul Rashid |date=2025-05-22 |title=Fourth cohort of Amujae Leaders announced by the Ellen Johnson Sirleaf Presidential Center for Women and Development |url=https://www.thesierraleonetelegraph.com/fourth-cohort-of-amujae-leaders-announced-by-the-ellen-johnson-sirleaf-presidential-center-for-women-and-development/ |access-date=2025-09-29 |website=The Sierra Leone Telegraph |language=en-US}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Tenjua [[Kirista]] ce. <ref name="ponto"/> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1972]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] bsa10787t4hmlyuj2jzi3mni73vwep2 0 144148 826319 806100 2026-04-25T18:29:46Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826319 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Danielle Marie-Madeleine Jorre de St Jorre''' (30 Satumba 1941 &#x2013; 25 Fabrairu 1997) 'yar siyasa ce [[Seychelles|ta ƙasar Seychelles]].<ref>[http://www.africaintelligence.com/ION/who-s-who/1997/03/01/alain-butler-payette%2C42063-ART-login ALAIN BUTLER-PAYETTE] AfricaIntelligence.com</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.seychellesnewsagency.com/articles|title=Seychelles News Agency|website=www.seychellesnewsagency.com|access-date=2018-05-23}}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Ta kasance ministan harkokin waje na Seychelles a ƙarƙashin Shugaba Faransa-Albert René daga shekarun 1989 har zuwa rasuwarta a shekarar 1997. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Seychelles News Agency |url=http://www.seychellesnewsagency.com/articles |access-date=2018-05-23 |website=www.seychellesnewsagency.com }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Danielle de St Jorre malamar makaranta ce ta sana'a kuma ƙwararriyar masaniyar harshe.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.seychellesnewsagency.com/articles/3991|title='Pioneer in the promotion of the Creole language' honoured in Seychelles - sculpture of Danielle Jorre de St Jorre unveiled|last=Fardial and Uranie|first=Fabienne and Sharon|date=October 30, 2015|access-date=March 8, 2026|archive-date=October 21, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221021181432/http://www.seychellesnewsagency.com/articles/3991|url-status=dead}}</ref> An san ta a matsayin wacce ta fara haɓaka harshen Creole. An san sha'awarta da ƙudurinta na tabbatar da ci gaban harshen [[Seychelles Creole|Seychellois Creole]] a ƙasar tsibirin Tekun Indiya. Danielle de St Jorre ta kasance Ministar Harkokin Waje, Muhalli da Yawon Buɗe Ido ta Jamhuriyar Seychelles kuma memba ce a Hukumar Gudanarwa ta Cibiyar Tekun Duniya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=THE INTERNATIONAL OCEAN INSTITUTE announces the DANIELLE DE ST. JORRE SCHOLARSHIP |url=http://internationaloceaninstitute.dal.ca/DDSJS_2017.pdf}}</ref> A shekarar 2015, Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta ware Ranar Creole ta Duniya a ranar 28 ga watan Oktoba.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://internationaloceaninstitute.dal.ca/DDSJS_2017.pdf|title=THE INTERNATIONAL OCEAN INSTITUTE announces the DANIELLE DE ST. JORRE SCHOLARSHIP}}</ref> An karrama Danielle de St Jorre saboda aikinta na ganin harshen Creole da al'adunsa sun kai matsayin da yake a yau. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Global Travel Media |url=http://www.eglobaltravelmedia.com.au/ |access-date=2018-05-23 |website=Global Travel Media |language=en-US}}</ref> Creole tana ɗaya daga cikin harsuna uku na hukuma a Seychelles. Faransa da Birtaniya sun yi mulkin mallaka a Seychelles a lokuta daban-daban, daga ƙarshe Seychelles ta ɗauki Faransanci da Ingilishi tare da Creole a matsayin harsuna uku na hukuma. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Seychelles News Agency |url=http://www.seychellesnewsagency.com |access-date=2018-05-23 |website=www.seychellesnewsagency.com}}</ref> Ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen haɓaka Seychelles Kreol kuma ta taimaka wajen haɓaka haɗin gwiwa da mutanen da ke magana da Creole. Ta shirya makon Creole a shekarar 1982. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Global Travel Media |url=http://www.eglobaltravelmedia.com.au |access-date=2018-05-23 |website=Global Travel Media |language=en-US}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1997]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1943]] c18b2h0xg6j4vfbzao76eqpal5n2l5e 0 144181 826636 806171 2026-04-26T10:59:34Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826636 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Eleanor Elizabeth Bryce Campbell''' FRS FRS FRSC FInstP (an haife ta a ranar 13 ga Afrilu 1960) masanin kimiyya ne na Scotland wanda ke rike da kujerar ilmin sunadarai a Jami'ar Edinburgh . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Professor Eleanor E. B. Campbell FRS {{!}} School of Chemistry |url=http://www.chem.ed.ac.uk/staff/academic-staff/professor-eleanor-e-b-campbell-frs |access-date=2017-12-26 |website=www.chem.ed.ac.uk |language=en}}</ref> == Ilimi == An haifi Campbell a shekara ta 1960 a Rothesay a Tsibirin Bute a [[Scotland]] ga Isobel da William Cowan . Ta yi karatu a Kwalejin Rothesay kafin ta ci gaba da karatu don BSc a fannin kimiyyar sinadarai a Jami'ar Edinburgh, ta wuce tare da girmamawa na farko a shekarar 1980. Ta kasance a jami'ar har tsawon shekaru 4 tana karatu don PhD, wanda ta samu a 1986, a kan batun Electronic zuwa rovibrational excitation a cikin saurin atom-molecule collisions. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bryce |first=Campbell, Eleanor Elizabeth |date=1986 |title=Electronic and vibrational excitation in atom / molecule collisions |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Eleanor E.B. Campbell - Edinburgh Research Explorer |url=http://www.research.ed.ac.uk/portal/en/persons/eleanor-eb-campbell(8dbfe83c-c8d3-45f0-b9c0-8ab19cf60049).html |access-date=2017-12-26 |website=www.research.ed.ac.uk |language=en}}</ref> Daga nan sai ta tafi Jami'ar Freiburg bayan ta sami izini a fannin kimiyyar gwaji.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Biography of Eleanor Campbell on University of Edinburgh website |url=http://www.ecampbell.chem.ed.ac.uk/group-members/eleanor-campbell |access-date=2026-03-08 |archive-date=2017-12-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201044553/http://www.ecampbell.chem.ed.ac.uk/group-members/eleanor-campbell |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ayyukan ilimi == Bayan lokacinta a matsayin mataimakiyar farfesa a Jami'ar Freiburg, Campbell ta zama shugabar sashen a Cibiyar Max-Born a 1993. A shekara ta 1998 an sanya ta Shugaban Kwayar Kwayar Kwalejin Kwalejin kwayar halitta a Jami'ar Gothenburg, Sweden, kafin ta koma Jami'ar Edinburgh a shekara ta 2007 don ɗaukar mukamin a matsayin Shugaban Kwalejin Kimiyyar Kwaleji a shekara ta 2007. <ref name=":0"/> An zabi Campbell a matsayin memba na kasashen waje na Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences (aji na physics) a shekara ta 2005 [1] kuma Fellow na Royal Society na Edinburgh a shekara ta 2004. [2] A shekara ta 2010 an zabe ta Fellow na Royal Society saboda gudummawar da ta bayar ga fahimtar tashoshin shakatawa da sake tsarawa na kwayoyin da suka fi farin ciki da kuma farfajiyar ta hanyar bincike na gwaji.[3] An sanya ta Fellow na Royal Society of Chemistry kuma Fellow na Cibiyar Physics a shekara ta 2008. [4][5] A shekara ta 2018 an zabe ta a matsayin memba na Academia Europaea . [6] Campbell ya yi ritaya a lokacin rani na 2025 kuma ya zama Farfesa Emeritus a Jami'ar Edinburgh, Makarantar Chemistry. == Ayyukan yanzu == Kungiyar Campbell a Jami'ar Edinburgh tana nazarin mahimman hanyoyin ionisation da kuma yanayin yanayin da ke da rikitarwa a cikin yanayin gas ta amfani da femtosecond laser spectroscopy. Har ila yau, suna nazarin carbon nanomaterials kuma suna haɓaka kayan microporous carbon-based don kamawa da adanawa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Eleanor Campbell Group {{!}} Eleanor Campbell site |url=http://www.ecampbell.chem.ed.ac.uk/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160617002551/http://www.ecampbell.chem.ed.ac.uk/ |archive-date=17 June 2016 |access-date=2016-06-30 |website=www.ecampbell.chem.ed.ac.uk}}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1960]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 7ezogzb8o98evwyw3gh5bnfs1jr9o2z 0 144356 826257 806647 2026-04-25T14:20:41Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826257 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Corinne Le Quéré''' <ref name="CBE">{{London Gazette|issue=62666|supp=y|page=B9|date=8 June 2019}}</ref> CBE FRS (an haife ta a watan Yulin shekara ta 1966) masanin kimiyya ne na Kanada. Ita ce Farfesa ta Binciken Royal Society na Kimiyya ta [[Canjin yanayi]] a Jami'ar East Anglia kuma tsohon Darakta na [[Cibiyar Tyndall|Cibiyar Tyndall don Binciken Canjin Yanayi]] Yanayi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Corinne Le Quéré web page |url=https://people.uea.ac.uk/c_lequere |access-date=2021-03-21 |publisher=University of East Anglia (UEA) |archive-date=2021-05-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210525004243/https://people.uea.ac.uk/c_lequere |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ta kasance shugabar kafa Babban Majalisar Faransa kan Yanayi (2018-2024) kuma memba ce ta [[Kwamitin Canjin Yanayi]] na Burtaniya tun daga 2016. Binciken ta yana mai da hankali kan hulɗar tsakanin sake zagayowar carbon da canjin yanayi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Research publications of Corinne Le Quéré |url=https://publons.com/researcher/1359497/corinne-le-quere |access-date=2021-03-21 |publisher=Publons}}</ref> == Ilimi == Le Quéré ta sami B.Sc. a fannin kimiyyar lissafi daga Jami'ar Montreal, MS a fannin Kimiyya ta Yanayi da Oceanic daga Jami'a McGill, da Ph.D. a fannin ilimin teku daga Jami'an Paris VI . <ref name="tyndall1">{{Cite web |title=Corinne Le Quere Biography |url=http://www.tyndall.ac.uk/people/corinne-le-quere |access-date=2016-12-23 |website=Tyndall.ac.uk}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri da ta farko == An haifi Le Quéré a Quebec a shekarar 1966 kuma tun tana yarinya ta yi hutun sansani a wuraren shakatawa na Gabashin Kanada wanda ya inganta sha'awarta ga duniyar halitta.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=BBC Radio 4 - Desert Island Discs, Professor Corinne Le Quéré, climate scientist |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/m001hnx7 |access-date=2023-02-03 |website=BBC |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ta kammala makarantar sakandare a shekara ta 1984 kuma ta shiga karatun sakandare a Jami'ar Ottawa, kusa da gidanta a Gatineau, kafin ta koma Jami'ar Montreal don karatun kimiyyar lissafi.<ref name=":1" /> Le Quéré daga baya ya zama ɗan ƙasar Burtaniya kuma yana da fasfo na Faransa da Kanada. Yanzu ta auri mijinta na biyu kuma tana da 'yar daga aurenta na farko, Marianne, wacce ta yi renonta a matsayin uwa ɗaya. A ranar 3 ga Fabrairu 2023, Le Quéré ya kasance baƙo a kan BBC's Desert Island Discs a Rediyo 4 (wanda Lauren Laverne ya gabatar). A matsayinta na Castaway mai tunani ta zaɓi abin rufe fuska da snorkel a matsayin kayan alatu kuma, don faifan da ta fi so, La Vida Es Un Carnaval na Celia Cruz . Don littafinta, ta zaɓi World Atlas of the Oceans <ref>{{Cite web |title=Dave Monahan > Compare Discount Book Prices & Save up to 90% > ISBNS.net |url=https://www.isbns.net/author/Dave_Monahan |access-date=2023-02-04 |website=www.isbns.net}}</ref> na Dave Monahan.<ref name=":0"/><ref>{{Cite web |title=Desert Island Discs |url=https://www.radiotimes.com/programme/b-prderl/desert-island-discs/episodes/ |access-date=2023-02-03 |website=Radio Times |language=en}}</ref> == Ayyuka da bincike == Ta kasance co-shugaban Global Carbon Project (GCP) daga 2009 har zuwa 2013.[1] A cikin GCP, ta fara kuma ta ba da umarni sama da shekaru goma na buga kasafin kudin carbon na duniya.[2][3] A cikin 2014-2017 ta kasance memba na Kwamitin Kimiyya na dandalin Duniya na gaba don bincike mai ɗorewa. [4][5] Ita ce marubuciyar rahotanni na 3, 4 da 5 na Kwamitin Gwamnati kan Canjin Yanayi . Ta gudanar da bincike a Jami'ar Princeton a Amurka (1992-1996), a Cibiyar Max Planck ta Biogeochemistry a Jamus (2000-2005), kuma tare tsakanin UEA da British Antarctic Survey a Burtaniya (2005-2010). == Daraja da kyaututtuka == A cikin 2012, an ba Le Quéré lambar yabo ta Claude Berthault daga Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Faransa, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Prix de Mme Claude Berthault: Lauréat d'année 2014 |url=http://www.academie-sciences.fr/activite/prix/laureat_berthault.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150209172424/http://www.academie-sciences.fr/activite/prix/laureat_berthault.pdf |archive-date=2015-02-09 |access-date=2015-02-09}}</ref> lambar yabo ta farko ta Copernicus Gesellschaft e.V. a cikin 2013/2014, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Copernicus e.V. - Medal |url=http://www.copernicus-gesellschaft.org/medal.html |access-date=2016-12-23 |website=Copernicus-gesellschaft.org}}</ref> kuma ita ce malamin Bolin na shekara-shekara a Jami'ar Stockholm a cikin 2014. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Science Forum with Prof. Corinne Le Quéré, Bolin Climate Lecturer 2014 - Faculty of Science |url=http://www.science.su.se/english/about-us/calendar/science-forum-with-prof-corinne-le-qu%C3%A9r%C3%A9-bolin-climate-lecturer-2014-1.168535 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160531141158/http://www.science.su.se/english/about-us/calendar/science-forum-with-prof-corinne-le-qu%C3%A9r%C3%A9-bolin-climate-lecturer-2014-1.168535 |archive-date=2016-05-31 |access-date=2016-12-23 |website=Science.su.se}}</ref> A shekara ta 2015, ta sami lambar yabo ta Blaise Pascal don Kimiyya ta Duniya da Muhalli daga Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Turai <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Blaise Pascal Medals 2015 |url=http://www.eurasc.org/medals/pb_medals_15.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180113150306/http://www.eurasc.org/medals/pb_medals_15.asp |archive-date=2018-01-13 |access-date=2018-01-12}}</ref> da kuma Grande Médaille Albert 1er de Monaco, Sashen Kimiyya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Grande médailles |url=https://www.oceano.org/prix-et-medailles/laureat-medailles/ |access-date=2021-03-22 |publisher=Institut Océanographique, Fondation Albert 1er, Prince de Monaco}}</ref> A shekara ta 2016, an zabi Le Quéré a matsayin Fellow na Royal Society . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Corinne Le Quéré |url=https://royalsociety.org/people/corinne-le-quere-12881/ |access-date=2016-12-23 |publisher=Royal Society}}</ref> A cikin 2019, an nada Le Quéré [[Order of the British Empire|Kwamandan Order of the British Empire]] (CBE) a cikin girmamawar ranar haihuwar 2019 don hidimomi ga kimiyyar canjin yanayi.<ref name="CBE">{{London Gazette|issue=62666|supp=y|page=B9|date=8 June 2019}}<cite class="citation magazine cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFGazette62666">[https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/62666/supplement/B9 "No. 62666"]. ''[[The London Gazette]]'' (Supplement). 8 June 2019. p.&nbsp;B9.</cite> [[Category:Pages containing London Gazette template with parameter supp set to y|62666]]</ref> A cikin 2019, ta kuma lashe lambar yabo ta Prince Albert I kuma an sanya ta {{Lang|fr|Chevalier}} na Legion of Honour na Faransa. A cikin 2020, ta sami lambar yabo ta Heineken don Kimiyya ta Muhalli don bincikenta na hadin gwiwa game da hulɗar tsakanin canjin yanayi da sake zagayowar carbon.<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 June 2020 |title=UEA professor wins international environmental sciences prize for climate change research |url=https://www.uea.ac.uk/about/-/uea-professor-wins-international-environmental-sciences-prize-for-climate-change-research |access-date=3 June 2020 |publisher=[[University of East Anglia]] |archive-date=8 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200908044915/https://www.uea.ac.uk/about/-/uea-professor-wins-international-environmental-sciences-prize-for-climate-change-research |url-status=dead }}</ref> A cikin 2025, ta sami lambar yabo ta Vladimir Ivanovich Vernadsky <ref>{{Cite web |title=Vladimir Ivanovich Vernadsky Medal : Homepage |url=https://www.egu.eu/awards-medals/vladimir-ivanovich-vernadsky/2025/corinne-le-quere |access-date=2016-12-23 |publisher=European Geosciences Union}}</ref> na Tarayyar Geosciences ta Turai . An ba ta digiri na girmamawa daga Jami'ar Utrecht (2023) da kuma daga Jami'an Montreal (2025). == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1966]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] o493whgmr29i06fnv9ao6sxni9c2p8c 0 144514 826431 807736 2026-04-26T06:34:01Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826431 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Dutsen Bazardüzü''' ([[Azerbaijanci]]: ''Bazardüzü dağı''; [[Rashanci]]: ''Базардюзю'') wani [[Tsauni|tsaunin dutse]] ne a cikin Babban Tsarin Caucasus a kan iyakar [[Azerbaijan]] da [[Rasha]] ([[Dagestan]]). Tsawonsa ya kai 4466 m sama da matakin teku, shine mafi tsayin dutse a Azerbaijan da Dagestan, kuma yana cikin yankin Qusar . Mafi kusancin kudu na Dagestan (sabili da haka Rasha) yana kusa da kilomita bakwai kudu maso yamma na tsaunin. An fassara shi daga Azerbaijan, Bazardüzü yana nufin "fagen kasuwa", mafi daidai a matsayin takamaiman wuri - "juya zuwa kasuwa, kasuwa". A zamanin Tsakiya a kwarin Shahnabad, wanda ke gabashin wannan kololuwar, ana gudanar da manyan bukukuwan ƙasa da ƙasa na shekara-shekara. == Hawan dutse == [[Fayil:Bazarduezue_azerbaijan.png|right|thumb|Ra'ayi na Dutsen Bazardüzü daga Qabala, [[Azerbaijan]]]] G. P. Baker da G. Yeld sune maza na farko da suka hau Dutsen a cikin 1890 lokacin da aka rubuta hawan farko. Lokacin bazara ana ɗaukarsa mafi dacewa don hawa saman. Akwai hanyoyi biyu zuwa Dutsen: daya daga arewa maso gabas ɗayan kuma daga kudu maso yamma. A cikin arewa maso gabas hawa na iya farawa daga ƙauyukan Khynalyg (yankin Guba) da Laza (yankin Gusar). Hanyar kudu maso yamma ta fara ne daga tsakiyar yankin Gabala - daga ƙauyuka biyu: ɗayan shine Laza (sunan ɗaya tare da ɗayan a Gusar) ɗayan kuma shine Gamarvan . Filin ambaliyar kogin Yatukhdere (Yatuxdərə) shine farkon taron a 2800 m.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.traildino.com/trace/continents-Asia/countries-Azerbaijan/mountains-Mount_Bazarduzu#Hike_Reports|title=Mount Bazarduzu|website=www.traildino.com|access-date=2017-09-04|archive-date=2019-09-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190915025003/https://www.traildino.com/trace/continents-Asia/countries-Azerbaijan/mountains-Mount_Bazarduzu#Hike_Reports|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [http://www.peakbagger.com/peak.aspx?pid=10428 "Bazar Dyuzi, Azerbaijan/Russia" a kan Peakbagger] 2mvkf3u0rzws8nrhshc9ri6ka8eni93 0 144595 826245 807249 2026-04-25T13:37:23Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826245 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''María de la Concepción Jesusa Basilisa Rodríguez-Espina y García-Tagle''', gajeriyar hanyar '''Concha Espina''' ( {{IPA|es|ˈkontʃa esˈpina|}}, 15 Afrilu 1869 ko 1877 ko 1 Afrilu 1879 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Concha Espina (1879-1955) |url=http://data.bnf.fr/12071572/concha_espina/ |publisher=Bibliothèque nationale de France}}</ref> ko 15 Afrilu 1879 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Concha Espina |url=http://gandia.nueva-acropolis.com/eu/gandia-articulos/139-quienes-son/25815-concha-espina |publisher=Nueva Acropolis |language=Spanish |access-date=2026-03-10 |archive-date=2017-02-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170207031605/http://gandia.nueva-acropolis.com/eu/gandia-articulos/139-quienes-son/25815-concha-espina |url-status=dead }}</ref> a Santander &#x2013; 19 Mayu 1955 a [[Madrid]] ), marubuciya ce 'yar Spain. An zaɓe ta don kyautar Nobel a fannin adabi sau 25 cikin shekaru 28. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Nomination Database |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/nomination/archive/show_people.php?id=2838 |access-date=2017-01-31 |website=www.nobelprize.org}}</ref> == Rayuwa == An haifi María de la Concepción Jesusa Basilisa Rodríguez-Espina y García-Tagle a Santander, na bakwai na 10 na Víctor Rodríguez-Espina y Olivares da Ascensión García-Tagle y de la Vega. A ranar 12 ga Janairu 1893 ta auri Ramón de la Serna y Cueto, kuma sun ƙaura zuwa Valparaíso, Chile a cikin wasu shekaru. Auren yana da 'ya'ya 5: [[Ramón de la Serna|Ramón]], [[Víctor de la Serna|Víctor]], José, [[Josefina de la Mata|Josefina]] (matar Regino Sainz de la Maza ) da Luis. Ma'auratan sun rabu a shekara ta 1909, kuma bisa doka a 1934. A 1940 ta makanta, amma ta ci gaba da rubutawa. Ta mutu tana da shekaru 86, a ranar 19 ga Mayu 1955 a Madrid. Littafinta da ta fi shahara shi ne That Luzmela Girl ( La niña de Luzmela ) kuma ya bayyana rayuwa a ƙauyen Mazcuerras na Cantabrian, wanda a yau ake kira Luzmela da sunan ta. Tashar jirgin ƙasa ta Madrid mai lamba 9, Concha Espina, an sanya mata suna. Babban titin da ke wannan yanki ana kiransa Avenida de Concha Espina. == Manazarta == ho44oy2gh6itoqmazoe4df078wzayln 0 144668 826366 807479 2026-04-25T21:44:29Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826366 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Demitu Hambisa Bonsa''' 'yar siyasa ce 'yar ƙasar Habasha, wacce ta riƙe muƙamai da dama na minista a ƙarƙashin Firayim Minista [[Hailemariam Desalegn]] da [[Abiy Ahmed]], waɗanda suka haɗa da Ministar Jinsi, Ministar Harkokin Majalisar Ministoci da kuma Ministar Kimiyya da Bincike. == Tarihin Rayuwa == Hambisa ta girma a jihar Oromia kuma 'yar ƙabilar Oromo ce. Bayan kammala makaranta, ta yi karatun lauya a Jami'ar Ayyukan Jama'a ta Habasha, sannan ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin Jagoranci daga Jami'ar Greenwich. Bayan kammala karatunta na ilimi, Hambisa ta yi aiki a matsayin malamar makaranta a makarantar sakandare daga shekarun 1975 zuwa 1996. A tsakiyar shekarun 1990, ta bar aikinta na malamar makaranta ta koma wakiltar mata a matakin gundumar gudanarwa, inda daga baya ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin shugabar hukumar kula da ilimi ta gundumar. Daga shekarun 2000 zuwa 2005, ta yi aiki a matakin jiha a gwamnatin Oromia, inda ta yi aiki, da sauransu, a ofishin hukumar ombudsman kuma ta kasance mai magana da yawun majalisar yankin Oromia. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2018-05-04 |title=በአዲሱ ካቢኔ የተካተቱት ሴት ሚኒስትሮች |url=http://www.ethpress.gov.et/addiszemen/index.php/component/k2/itemlist/date/2016/11/5?limitstart=0 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180504091723/http://www.ethpress.gov.et/addiszemen/index.php/component/k2/itemlist/date/2016/11/5?limitstart=0 |archive-date=2018-05-04 |access-date=2021-03-29}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2018-05-04 |title=New cabinet gets three women ministers |url=http://www.ena.gov.et/en/index.php/politics/item/2200-new-cabinet-gets-three-women-ministers |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180504155410/http://www.ena.gov.et/en/index.php/politics/item/2200-new-cabinet-gets-three-women-ministers |archive-date=2018-05-04 |access-date=2021-03-29}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Emerging evidence on 'invisible' adolescent girls: tackling exploitation and promoting resilience |url=https://odi.org/en/events/emerging-evidence-on-invisible-adolescent-girls-tackling-exploitation-and-promoting-resilience/ |access-date=2021-03-29 |website=odi.org |language=en-gb}}</ref> A shekarar 2006, Hambisa ta koma gwamnatin tarayya ta Habasha, inda ta fara jagorantar sashen kimiyya da bincike. Ta kuma jagoranci Ma'aikatar Kamfanonin Jama'a. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-05-04 |title=የመንግሥት የልማት ድርጅቶች ውጤት ሲለካ |url=http://ethpress.gov.et/addiszemen/index.php/news/national-news/item/9087-http-197-156-69-172-addiszemen-index-php-component-k2-item-add |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180504091420/http://ethpress.gov.et/addiszemen/index.php/news/national-news/item/9087-http-197-156-69-172-addiszemen-index-php-component-k2-item-add |archive-date=2018-05-04 |access-date=2021-03-29}}</ref> A lokacin da take kan mulki, ta binciko alaƙar da ke tsakanin masana'antun jiragen ruwa na [[Vietnam]] da Habasha, <ref>{{Cite web |title=Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Delegation visits at Vietnam National Shipping Lines – VIMC |url=http://vinalines.com.vn/en/democratic-republic-ethiopia-delegation-visits-vietnam-national-shipping-lines/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210522200127/https://vinalines.com.vn/en/democratic-republic-ethiopia-delegation-visits-vietnam-national-shipping-lines/ |archive-date=2021-05-22 |access-date=2021-03-29}}</ref> da kuma yuwuwar samun kusancin hulɗa da [[Indonesiya|Indonesia]]. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Okezone |date=2016-04-08 |title=Ethiopia Berguru Pengelola BUMN dari Indonesia : Okezone Economy |url=https://economy.okezone.com/read/2016/04/08/320/1357893/ethiopia-berguru-pengelola-bumn-dari-indonesia |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170512141421/http://economy.okezone.com/read/2016/04/08/320/1357893/ethiopia-berguru-pengelola-bumn-dari-indonesia |archive-date=2017-05-12 |access-date=2021-03-29 |website= |language=id-ID}}</ref> Daga shekarun 2016 zuwa 2018, ta riƙe muƙamin Ministar Jinsi. <ref name=":0"/> <ref name=":1"/> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Coverage: Executive Director visits Ethiopia |url=https://www.unwomen.org/en/news/stories/2017/1/coverage-ed-phumzile-ethiopia |access-date=2021-03-29 |website=UN Women |language=en}}</ref> Ta kasance mai faɗa a ji game da matsalolin cin hanci da rashawa da kuma alaƙarsu da rashin daidaiton jinsi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tenth (10th) African Union Gender Pre-Summit Calls on African Women to join in the Fight Against Corruption {{!}} African Union |url=https://au.int/en/pressreleases/20180117/tenth-10th-african-union-gender-pre-summit-calls-african-women-join-fight |access-date=2021-03-29 |website=au.int }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A shekarar 2019, ta riƙe muƙamin Ministar Harkokin Majalisar Ministoci. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Discussion with Ethiopia Delegation {{!}} Center for Sustainable Development & Global Competitiveness |url=https://sdgc.stanford.edu/news/discussion-ethiopia-delegation |access-date=2021-03-29 |website=sdgc.stanford.edu |language=en}}</ref> A shekarar 2021, gwamnatin Habasha ta naɗa ta a matsayin jakadiya. <ref>{{Cite web |title=President Appoints Five Ambassadors including General Adem Mohamed – Ethiopian Monitor |url=https://ethiopianmonitor.com/2021/01/13/president-appoints-five-ambassadors-including-general-adem-mohamed/ |access-date=2021-03-29 |language=en-US}}</ref> A watan Fabrairun 2022, ta gabatar da takardun shaidarta a matsayin jakadiyar Habasha a ƙasar Croatia.<ref>https://www.predsjednik.hr/en/news/ambassador-of-federal-democratic-republic-of-ethiopia-presents-credentials-to-president-of-the-republic/</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 0owzphdrixhaxmebba0n5z2ftjjnsjx 0 145028 826410 808503 2026-04-26T05:18:40Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826410 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dorothy Udeme Ufot''' [[Babban Lauyan Najeriya|SAN]] Lauya ce 'yar [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]] wacce ta ƙware a fannin shari'ar kasuwanci . Ita ce mace ta farko daga [[Akwa Ibom|jihar Akwa Ibom]] da aka ɗaga zuwa matsayin [[Babban Lauyan Najeriya|Babban Lauya na Najeriya]] (SAN). <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Dorothy Ufot |url=http://akwaibomcelebrates.com/team/dorothy-ufot/ |access-date=2021-04-08 |website=Akwa Ibom Celebrates |language=en-US |archive-date=2021-04-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210423114021/http://akwaibomcelebrates.com/team/dorothy-ufot/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Dorothy ita ce abokiyar haɗin gwiwa ta kafa [[Dorothy Ufot & Co.|Dorothy Ufot & Co.,]] wata babbar kamfanin lauyoyi ta Najeriya, inda take jagorantar sassan sasantawa da shari'o'i na duniya na kamfanin. Dorothy ta ƙware a fannin sasantawa na ƙasashen duniya, shari'o'i da sauran nau'ikan warware takaddama, gami da [[Investment treaty arbitration|sasantawa kan yarjejeniyar saka hannun jari]], [[Enforcement of foreign arbitral awards|aiwatar da shawarwarin sasantawa na ƙasashen waje]], ba da shawara kan saka hannun jari, dokokin kamfanoni da kasuwanci . <ref name="Dorothy Ufot">{{Cite web |title=Dorothy Ufot |url=http://whoswholegal.com/dorothy-udeme-ufot-san |access-date=2021-05-11 |website=Whoswholegal |language=en-US}}</ref> Dorothy memba ce a [[Court of Arbitration of the Casablanca International Mediation and Arbitration Centre|Kotun Sasantawa ta Cibiyar Sasantawa da Sasantawa ta Kasa da Kasa ta Casablanca]] (CIMAC) [[Moroko|a Morocco]], tun daga shekarar 2016. An nada Dorothy ta yi wa'adin shekaru shida a kwamitin sasantawa na Cibiyar Sasantawa da Sasantawa ta Zuba Jari ta Duniya a watan Fabrairun 2017. Ta kasance tsohuwar mataimakiyar shugabar hukumar ICC ta duniya kan Sasantawa da ADR, kuma a halin yanzu memba ce a majalisar [[ICC Institute of World Business Law|Cibiyar Shari'ar Kasuwanci ta Duniya ta ICC]] kuma mataimakiyar shugabar kwamitin sasantawa da ADR na ICC [[Najeriya]], sannan kuma ma'ajin [[ICC Nigeria National Committee|kwamitin kasa na ICC Nigeria]] . <ref name="Dorothy Ufot"/> Dorothy mamba ce a Kotun Hulɗa ta Duniya ta ICC da ke [[Faris|Paris]] kuma ita ce Mataimakiyar Shugabar Hukumar Hulɗa ta ICC. A shekara ta 2000, ta zama ma'aikaciyar Cibiyar Hulɗa ta Chartered Institute of Arbitrators [[Landan|London]] . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Dorothy Udeme Ufot |url=http://www.casablancaarbitrationdays.com/dorothy-udeme-ufot/?lang=en |access-date=2021-04-08 |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-10-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221020205537/http://www.casablancaarbitrationdays.com/dorothy-udeme-ufot/?lang=en |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ilimi == An haifi Dorothy Ufot a jihar Akwa-Ibom, Najeriya. Dorothy ta kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Calabar, Calabar, Najeriya ; tare da digiri na farko a Kimiyyar Siyasa a 1983. Daga nan ta sami digiri na LL.B daga Jami'ar Legas a 1988. Bayan kammala karatunta na makarantar lauya, an kira ta zuwa Lauya ta Najeriya a 1989. A 1996, Dorothy ta kammala digiri na biyu a fannin Shari'a (LL.M) sannan ta sami Difloma Mai Girma a fannin Shari'a da Aiki na Kasuwanci daga Jami'ar Legas, Najeriya a 1998. [1] [2] Dorothy Ufot tana da aure da Mr Udeme Ufot tare da 'ya'ya. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] ncfng21lx76rjhpn8a1y0fdkayfxum2 0 145325 826642 809308 2026-04-26T11:49:32Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826642 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Elizabeth Timilaemi Bidei''' ta kasance mai kula da jama'a a Najeriya wacce ta yi aiki a matsayin Kwamishinan Mata, Harkokin Yara, Karfafawa da Ci gaban Jama'a a [[Bayelsa|Jihar Bayelsa]] har zuwa mutuwarta a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2024. == Ayyuka == Bidei ta kasance memba na Majalisar Zartarwa ta Jihar Bayelsa kuma tana da alhakin manufofi da shirye-shiryen da aka tsara don inganta jin daɗin mata da yara, da kuma inganta shirye-shirye na karfafawa a cikin jihar.[1] Gwamna [[Douye Diri]] da sauran mambobin majalisar zartarwa sun amince da gudummawar da ta bayar ga aikin gwamnati da kuma karfafa mata. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Briseimo |first=Teresa |date=2025-02-25 |title=Gov. Diri Pays Tribute to Late Commissioner Mrs Elizabeth Bidei. |url=https://bayelsawatch.com/gov-diri-pays-tribute-to-late-commissioner-mrs-elizabeth-bidei/ |access-date=2025-12-20 |website=BayelsaWatch |language=en-US |archive-date=2025-10-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251015183844/https://bayelsawatch.com/gov-diri-pays-tribute-to-late-commissioner-mrs-elizabeth-bidei/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Mutuwa == Elizabeth ta mutu a ranar Litinin, 30 ga Disamba 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sobowale |first=Adetutu |date=2024-12-31 |title=Bayelsa mourns as women commissioner dies |url=https://punchng.com/bayelsa-women-affairs-commissioner-is-dead/ |access-date=2025-12-20 |website=Punch Newspapers |language=en-US}}</ref> == Dubi kuma == * Majalisar zartarwa ta Jihar Bayelsa == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2024]] 54xaukjg24b87dav2sgmb2jh52eb8m1 0 145337 826371 809398 2026-04-25T22:37:14Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826371 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Destinée Hermella Doukaga''' (an haife ta a shekara ta 1983) 'yar siyasa ce, marubuciya, kuma matukiyar jirgi a [[Jamhuriyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Congo]]. Ita ce shugabar jam'iyyar [[Patriotic Front (Republic of the Congo)|Patriotic Front]] kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin ministar matasa da ilimin jama'a daga shekarun 2016 zuwa 2021, sannan ta yi aiki a matsayin ministar yawon buɗe ido daga shekarun 2021 zuwa 2022. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Doukaga a shekarar 1983 a Dolisie, babban birnin sashen Niari na Jamhuriyar Congo. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Boukaka |first=Bertrand |date=2016-05-04 |title=Jeune pour jeunes, Destinée Ermela Doukaga pilotera la Jeunesse et l'instruction civique |url=https://lesechos-congobrazza.com/politique/1082-jeune-pour-jeunes-destinee-ermela-doukaga-pilotera-jeunesse-et-de-l-instruction-civique |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170627232359/http://lesechos-congobrazza.com/politique/1082-jeune-pour-jeunes-destinee-ermela-doukaga-pilotera-jeunesse-et-de-l-instruction-civique |archive-date=2017-06-27 |access-date=2021-02-11 |website=Les Echos du Congo Brazzaville |language=fr-fr}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=PA |first=Publié par |date= |title=Destinée Doukaga, femme de demain |url=https://fondationsounga.org/destinee-doukaga-femme-de-demain/ |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2021-02-11 |website=Fondation Sounga |language=fr-FR}}</ref> Yarinta ta kasance cikin rashin mahaifinta da kuma mutuwar mahaifiyarta da wuri. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Kongo |first=Ralphanie Mwana |date=March 2015 |title=Destinée Doukaga: Une plume intimiste et touchante |url=https://aflit.arts.uwa.edu.au/AMINAdoukaga15.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170301151632/http://aflit.arts.uwa.edu.au/AMINAdoukaga15.html |archive-date=2017-03-01 |access-date=2021-02-11 |website=Amina |language=fr}}</ref> Ana rubuta sunanta wani lokaci Destinée Armelia Doukaga ko Destinée Ermela Doukaga. <ref name=":0"/> <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2016-09-16 |title=Le Congo, le Japon et le PNUD s'engagent pour la formation des jeunes pour prévenir de la radicalisation |url=https://www.cg.undp.org/content/congo/fr/home/presscenter/pressreleases/2016/09/16/le-congo-le-japon-et-le-pnud-s-engagent-pour-la-formation-des-jeunes-pour-pr-venir-de-la-radicalisation-.html |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2021-02-11 |website=Le PNUD en République du Congo |language=fr }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> An horar da Doukaga a matsayin matukiyar jirgi, bayan ta koyi tukin jirgi a [[Beljik|Belgium]] bayan ta kammala karatun digiri a fannin injiniyanci daga [[Jami'ar Marien Ngouabi]]. <ref name=":0"/> Ta yi aiki a matsayin makaniki na Dassault Mirage F1, <ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Pambou |first=Diane Brègie |date=2019-03-31 |title=Présentation du livre &quot; Moi, président! &quot; de Destinée Hermella Doukaga |url=http://labreveoffice.over-blog.com/2019/03/presentation-du-livre-moi-president-de-destinee-hermella-doukaga.html |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2021-02-11 |website=La Brève Online |language=fr}}</ref> sannan ta yi aiki a matsayin matukiyar jirgi na ƙwararru. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=MOI, PRÉSIDENT ! |url=https://www.editions-harmattan.fr/index_harmattan.asp?navig=catalogue&obj=livre&no=62289&razSqlClone=1 |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2021-02-11 |website=L'Harmattan |language=fr}}</ref> Bayan ta shiga siyasa, ta koma makaranta tana koyon karatu daga nesa, tana karatun harkokin gwamnati a Jami'ar Poitiers da ke Faransa. <ref name=":2"/> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Girard |first=Henry |date=2019-03-04 |title=Congo : la ministre de la Jeunesse a bien obtenu ses diplômes à Poitiers |url=https://www.lanouvellerepublique.fr/vienne/congo-la-ministre-de-la-jeunesse-a-bien-obtenu-ses-diplomes-a-poitiers |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2021-02-11 |website=La Nouvelle République |language=fr}}</ref> == Aikin siyasa == Doukaga ita ce shugaba ta [[Patriotic Front (Republic of the Congo)|ƙungiyar Patriotic Front]] (''Front Patriotic'', wacce aka rubuta a takaice FP), jam'iyyar da ta kafa a watan Disamba a 2015. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Oko |first=Lydie Gisèle |date=2019-01-28 |title=Vie des partis : le Front patriotique annonce la tenue de son premier congrès cette année |url=https://www.adiac-congo.com/content/vie-des-partis-le-front-patriotique-annonce-la-tenue-de-son-premier-congres-cette-annee |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190128215140/http://www.adiac-congo.com/content/vie-des-partis-le-front-patriotique-annonce-la-tenue-de-son-premier-congres-cette-annee |archive-date=2019-01-28 |access-date=2021-02-11 |website=Agence d'Information d'Afrique Centrale |language=fr}}</ref> <ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Oye |first=Firmin |date=2017-03-21 |title=Vie des partis : le Front patriotique signe un accord avec six associations |url=https://www.adiac-congo.com/content/vie-des-partis-le-front-patriotique-signe-un-accord-avec-six-associations-63211 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170419214524/http://adiac-congo.com/content/vie-des-partis-le-front-patriotique-signe-un-accord-avec-six-associations-63211 |archive-date=2017-04-19 |access-date=2021-02-11 |website=Agence d'Information d'Afrique Centrale |language=fr}}</ref> <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Oye |first=Firmin |date=2017-03-21 |title=Vie des partis : le Front patriotique édifie les femmes sur leur rôle dans la Marche vers le développement |url=https://www.adiac-congo.com/content/vie-des-partis-le-front-patriotique-edifie-les-femmes-sur-leur-role-dans-la-marche-vers-le |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170322184542/http://www.adiac-congo.com/content/vie-des-partis-le-front-patriotique-edifie-les-femmes-sur-leur-role-dans-la-marche-vers-le |archive-date=2017-03-22 |access-date=2021-02-11 |website=Agence d'Information d'Afrique Centrale |language=fr}}</ref> Jam'iyyar tana da alaƙa da rinjayen shugaban ƙasa na Denis Sassou Nguesso da jam'iyyarsa ta Labour ta Congo. <ref name=":3" /> <ref name=":4" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-02-09 |title=Congo: le PCT de Ngolo et le FP de Doukaga, main dans la main pour les futures batailles |url=http://icibrazza.com/congo-le-pct-de-ngolo-et-le-fp-de-doukaga-main-dans-la-main-pour-les-futures-batailles/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191018193650/http://icibrazza.com:80/congo-le-pct-de-ngolo-et-le-fp-de-doukaga-main-dans-la-main-pour-les-futures-batailles/ |archive-date=2019-10-18 |access-date=2021-02-11 |website=Ici Brazza |language=fr-FR}}</ref> Manufarta ita ce kare ƙa'idodin jam'iyyar Republican da kuma gina "ƙasar Congo mai ƙarfi." <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-08-28 |title=Congo-Brazzaville: Front patriotique - Éric Mouckouyou élu président de la fédération France-Europe |url=https://fr.allafrica.com/stories/201908280839.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190829182401/https://fr.allafrica.com/stories/201908280839.html |archive-date=2019-08-29 |access-date=2021-02-11 |website=Les Dépêches de Brazzaville |language=fr}}</ref> A watan Afrilun 2016, an naɗa ta a matsayin ministar matasa da ilimin jama'a ta Jamhuriyar Congo. <ref name=":0"/> <ref name=":4"/> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ngombé |first=Roger |date=2016-05-02 |title=Portrait de la ministre Destinée Ermela Doukaga |url=https://www.adiac-congo.com/content/portrait-de-la-ministre-destinee-ermela-doukaga-50200 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160506071707/http://adiac-congo.com:80/content/portrait-de-la-ministre-destinee-ermela-doukaga-50200 |archive-date=2016-05-06 |access-date=2021-02-11 |website=Agence d'Information d'Afrique Centrale |language=fr}}</ref> Lokacin da aka zaɓe ta a matsayin ministar matasa da ilimin jama'a a Jamhuriyar Congo tana da shekaru 33, ta zama ƙaramar ministar gwamnatin ƙasar a lokacin. <ref name=":0" /> Bayan sake zaɓen Sassou Nguesso, a watan Mayun 2021, an mayar da ita ministar yawon buɗe ido da nishaɗi. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Okokana |first=Bruno |date=2021-05-24 |title=Tourisme et loisirs : Destinée Hermella Doukaga invite le personnel à la vertu du travail |url=https://www.adiac-congo.com/content/tourisme-et-loisirs-destinee-hermella-doukaga-invite-le-personnel-la-vertu-du-travail-127189 |access-date=2022-07-20 |website=Agence d'Information d'Afrique Centrale |language=fr}}</ref> Lokacin da aka sake zaɓen jam'iyya mai mulki a shekara ta 2022, ta miƙa wannan mukamin ga Lydie Pongault a watan Satumba. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-08-17 |title=Congo-B: le PCT, vainqueur des législatives, garde la main haute sur le Parlement |url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20220817-congo-b-le-pct-vainqueur-des-l%C3%A9gislatives-garde-la-main-haute-sur-le-parlement |access-date=2024-04-23 |website=RFI |language=fr}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-09-27 |title=Tourisme et loisirs : Destinée Doukaga passe le témoin à Lydie Pongault |url=https://www.adiac-congo.com/content/tourisme-et-loisirs-destinee-doukaga-passe-le-temoin-lydie-pongault-141546 |access-date=2024-04-23 |website=Agence d'Information d'Afrique Centrale |language=fr}}</ref> Doukaga kuma tana wakiltar gundumar Nyanga a Majalisar Dokoki ta Ƙasa. <ref name=":2"/> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Destinée Hermella DOUKAGA |url=https://gouvernement.cg/institutions/membres-du-gouvernement/destinee-hermella-doukaga/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210120142824/https://gouvernement.cg/institutions/membres-du-gouvernement/destinee-hermella-doukaga/ |archive-date=2021-01-20 |access-date=2021-02-11 |website=GOUVERNEMENT.cg |language=fr-FR}}</ref> Ta kasance mamba, tun daga shekarar 2008, a cikin [[Taron Mata Masu Ilimi na Afirka|Dandalin Malaman Mata na Afirka]], kuma ta yi aiki don haɓaka rawar da mata ke takawa wajen ci gaba. <ref name=":0"/> <ref name=":5"/> == Rubutu == Doukaga ita ma marubuciya ce ta littattafai da dama, wacce ta yi niyya ga masu sauraro 'yan ƙasar Congo. <ref name=":0"/> An buga littafinta na farko, ''Mon labyrinthe'', a shekarar 2014. Littafin tarihin rayuwarta ne game da gwagwarmayar da wata yarinya marainiya ke yi don rayuwa. <ref name=":1"/> Ayyukan da suka biyo baya sun haɗa ''da Hero dans mes veines'', ''Terre battue'', da ''Chant du coeur.'' <ref name=":2"/> An buga sabon littafinta, tarin gajerun labarai ''na Moi, Shugaban ƙasa'', a shekarar 2019. <ref name=":2"/> == Zaɓaɓɓun ayyuka == * ''Mon labyrinthe,'' Editions Édilivre'','' 2014. * ''Héros dans mes veines'', Editions Édilivre, 2014. * ''Terre battue'', {{Interlanguage link|Éditions du Panthéon|fr|}}, 2015. * ''Chants du cœur'', L'Harmattan, 2016. * ''Moi, Shugaban kasa'', L'Harmattan, 2019. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1983]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 5ivd1jtzcqwbigqghlp7lro34zh74j1 0 145342 826235 809408 2026-04-25T12:14:53Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826235 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Clara Onyinyechukwu Mariano Moneke''' (Brazilian Portuguese: [ˈklaɾɐ moˈnɛki]; Listenⓘ an haife ta 16 Disamba 1998) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Clara Moneke: conheça a atriz celebrada por Taís Araújo |url=https://www.terra.com.br/amp/story/nos/clara-moneke-conheca-a-atriz-celebrada-por-tais-araujo,9f48bd67e87459bb2557ae22225515b07x3m9lp8.html |access-date=2023-05-27 |website=www.terra.com.br |language=pt-br}}</ref> [[Ɗan wasa|'yar wasan kwaikwayo]] ce kuma samfurin Brazil. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-28 |title=Clara Moneke, a Kate de Vai Na Fé, tem ascendência nigeriana e foi descoberta por Marcelo D2 |url=https://gshow.globo.com/tudo-mais/tv-e-famosos/noticia/clara-moneke-a-kate-de-vai-na-fe-tem-ascendencia-nigeriana-e-foi-descoberta-por-marcelo-d2.ghtml |access-date=2024-07-09 |website=gshow |language=pt-br}}</ref> Ta sami shahara yayin da take wasa da halin Kate a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na Vai na Fé, a kan [[TV Globo]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Corrêa |first=Kaique |date=2023-03-22 |title=Clara Moneke celebra sucesso de Kate em "Vai na Fé": "Muito rápido" |url=https://portalpopline.com.br/clara-moneke-celebra-sucesso-kate-vai-na-fe/ |access-date=2024-07-09 |website=POPline |language=pt-BR}}</ref>{{IPA|pt-BR|ˈklaɾɐ moˈnɛki|lang}}{{IPA|pt-BR|ˈklaɾɐ moˈnɛki|lang}}{{IPA|pt-BR|ˈklaɾɐ moˈnɛki|lang}} == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Clara Moneke a unguwar Santa Cecília, a [[São Paulo]], amma ta koma Campo Grande, Yankin Yamma na [[Rio de Janeiro]], tana da shekaru huɗu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-06 |title=Sucesso na novela 'Vai na Fé', Clara Moneke não se via na televisão: 'Lugar distante' |url=https://f5.folha.uol.com.br/televisao/2023/03/sucesso-na-novela-vai-na-fe-clara-moneke-nao-se-via-na-televisao-lugar-distante.shtml |access-date=2024-07-09 |website=F5 |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Ita 'yar uwa ce 'yar Brazil kuma uba 'yar [[Ɗan Nijeriya|Najeriya]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-05 |title=Kate em 'Vai na Fé', Clara Moneke recebeu convite para teste pelas redes sociais |url=https://gq.globo.com/cultura/tv-streaming/noticia/2023/04/clara-moneke-kate-vai-na-fe.ghtml |access-date=2024-07-09 |website=GQ |language=pt-br}}</ref> Mahaifiyar Clara, Marilene Pereira Mariano, ta mutu a shekarar 2020 sakamakon [[bugun jini]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-01 |title=Clara Moneke diz que se identifica com a sua Kate, de Vai na Fé: 'Já fui pior que ela' |url=https://gshow.globo.com/tudo-mais/tv-e-famosos/noticia/clara-moneke-diz-que-se-identifica-com-a-sua-kate-de-vai-na-fe-ja-fui-pior-que-ela.ghtml |access-date=2024-07-09 |website=gshow |language=pt-br}}</ref> == Sana'a == Ta fara karatun [[Gidan wasan kwaikwayo|wasan kwaikwayo]] tun tana ɗan shekara bakwai. <ref>{{Cite web |title=em 'Vai na Fé', Clara Moneke diz que quase desistiu da carreira, reafirma a vocação e exalta ancestralidade |url=https://heloisatolipan.com.br/tv/brilhando-em-vai-na-fe-clara-moneke-diz-que-quase-desistiu-da-carreira-reafirma-a-vocacao-e-exalta-ancestralidade/}}</ref> Ta karanci zane-zanen kaya da kuma yin barkwanci . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-01 |title=No ar em 'Vai na Fé', Clara Moneke fala sobre curso de figurino e mais profissões que teve para 'sustentar a arte' |url=https://glamour.globo.com/moda/noticia/2023/04/no-ar-em-vai-na-fe-clara-moneke-fala-sobre-curso-de-figurino-e-mais-profissoes-que-teve-para-sustentar-a-arte.ghtml |access-date=2024-07-09 |website=Glamour |language=pt-br}}</ref> Bayan shekaru goma na sadaukar da kai ga sana'ar fasaha, a shekarar 2017 Clara ta yanke shawarar shiga Sashen Baƙunci a Jami'ar Tarayya ta Karkara ta Rio de Janeiro, <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-02-28 |title=Clara Moneke, a Kate de 'Vai na fé', conta que não desistiu da carreira por influência de Marcelo D2 |url=https://oglobo.globo.com/kogut/noticia/2023/02/clara-moneke-a-kate-de-vai-na-fe-diz-que-ganhou-cem-mil-seguidores-em-um-mes-com-a-novela.ghtml |access-date=2024-07-09 |website=O Globo |language=pt-br}}</ref> da ke Seropédica . A lokacin horon aiki, ta haɗu da mawaƙiya Marcelo D2, wanda ya gayyace ta zuwa gwaji don 'yan wasan kwaikwayo na shirin ''Amar é para os fortes'', akan Prime Video, wanda mawakin ya ƙirƙira tare da haɗin gwiwar Antonia Pellegrino. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Krieger |first=Jessica |date=2023-03-09 |title=Kate de "Vai na Fé", Clara Moneke quase desistiu da carreira: incentivo de D2 mudou tudo |url=https://www.zappeando.com.br/celebs/vai-na-fe-clara-moneke-quase-desistiu-de-ser-atriz-entenda |access-date=2024-07-09 |website=Zappeando |language=pt-BR}}</ref> An ɗauki fim ɗin a shekarar 2022. Bayan haka, jarumar ta yi rikodin fim ɗin ''Eu Sou Maria'', <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-02-27 |title=Entrevista: intérprete da Kate de "Vai na Fé" dá spoiler |url=https://diariodopara.dol.com.br/tdb/entrevista-interprete-da-kate-de-vai-na-fe-da-spoiler-49804/ |access-date=2024-07-09 |website=Jornal Diário do Pará |language=pt-BR}}</ref> wanda Clara Linhart ya ba da umarni kuma tare da rubutun Sônia Rodrigues <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 March 2022 |title=EU SOU MARIA :: CLARA LINHART CONCLUI AS FILMAGENS DE SEU NOVO FILME |url=https://www.papodecinema.com.br/noticias/eu-sou-maria-clara-linhart-conclui-as-filmagens-de-seu-novo-filme/}}</ref> An shirya fara fim ɗin a shekarar 2023, Clara kuma ta shiga cikin fim ɗin Nosso Sonho, wanda ke ba da labarin rayuwar Claudinho da Buchecha . A cikin fim ɗin, jarumar ta taka rawar Vanessa, matar Claudinho (wanda jarumi Lucas Penteado ya taka rawarsa), wanda ya mutu a shekarar 2002. [1] Fim ɗin ''Vai na Fé'' ya fito ne ta hanyar wani saƙo a [[Instagram|shafin Instagram]], daga furodusa Patrícia Rache. A cikin shirin, wanda Rosane Svartman ta rubuta, Clara ta taka rawar Kate, wata matashiya daga yankin Rio kuma akasin babbar kawarta, Jenifer ( Bella Campos ). <ref>{{Cite web |title=Clara Moneke comemora sucesso como Kate em Vai na Fé: "Não posso ir na esquina" |url=https://natelinha.uol.com.br/famosos/2023/03/30/clara-moneke-comemora-sucesso-como-kate-em-vai-na-fe-nao-posso-ir-na-esquina-195641.php. |access-date=2024-07-09 |website=NaTelinha |language=pt-br}}</ref> Nasarar ta yi kyau sosai har ta zama ɗaya daga cikin jaruman da masu kallon wasan opera suka fi so kuma an gayyace ta ta sake taka rawar a cikin shirin Encantado . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-06 |title=Sucesso na novela 'Vai na Fé', Clara Moneke não se via na televisão: 'Lugar distante' |url=https://f5.folha.uol.com.br/televisao/2023/03/sucesso-na-novela-vai-na-fe-clara-moneke-nao-se-via-na-televisao-lugar-distante.shtml |access-date=2024-07-09 |website=F5 |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Bugu da ƙari, Clara ta sami mabiya sama da 500,000 a shafukan sada zumuntarta. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-30 |title="Sou uma pessoa muito simples"; Clara Moneke, a Kate de Vai na Fé, abre o jogo e revela mudança de vida após fama e sucesso em novela |url=https://br.bolavip.com/entretenimento/Sou-uma-pessoa-muito-simples-Clara-Moneke-a-Kate-de-Vai-na-Fe-abre-o-jogo-e-revela-mudanca-de-vida-apos-fama-e-sucesso-em-novela-20230430-0007.html |access-date=2024-07-09 |website=Bolavip Brasil |language=pt-BR }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1998]] 1jz5yzyblppxutkrmeklosfw86alg6o 0 145360 826609 809464 2026-04-26T09:34:32Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826609 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Eseohe Arhebamen''' ko '''Eseohe Arhebamen-Yamasaki''', wanda aka fi sani da Edoheart (an haife ta '''Obehioye Eseohe Ikhianose Oghomwenyenmwen Cleopatra Anne Arhebamen'''), mawaki ne, mai rawa, mawaƙi, mawaƙi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 February 2020 |title=Exclusive Interview Inside "For The Love – EP" With Nigerian Born Artist Edoheart |url=https://www.demandafrica.com/entertainment/music/exclusive-inside-for-the-love-ep-with-nigerian-born-artist-edoheart/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200229165828/https://www.demandafrica.com/entertainment/music/exclusive-inside-for-the-love-ep-with-nigerian-born-artist-edoheart/ |archive-date=29 February 2020 |website=Demand Africa}}</ref><ref name="EP">{{Cite web |last=Kressa |first=Kaarel |date=24 April 2009 |title=Viies esituskunsti festival Diverse Universe meenutab maailma mitmekesisust |url=http://www.epl.ee/artikkel/466508 |access-date=5 April 2010 |website=Eesti Payaleht}}</ref><ref name="PP">{{Cite web |last=Kivila |first=Marian |date=28 April 2009 |title=Pärnu kunstihallis kohtusid nüüdisaegne tants ja macho-metal |url=http://www.parnupostimees.ee/?id=112386 |access-date=5 April 2010 |website=Pärnu Postimees}}</ref><ref name="SIRP">{{Cite web |last=Kivila |first=Marian |date=8 May 2009 |title=Ikka teel |url=http://www.sirp.ee/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=8743:ikka-teel&catid=6:kunst&Itemid=10&issue=3251 |access-date=5 April 2010 |website=SIRP Eesti Kultuurileht Number 18 (3251)}}</ref><ref name="Hankooki">{{Cite web |last=정 |first=영주 |date=3 September 2008 |title=국내 최대 실험예술 축제 열린다 |url=http://weekly.hankooki.com/lpage/08_life/200809/wk20080903133924100510.htm |access-date=5 April 2010 |website=[[Hankook Ilbo]]}}</ref><ref name="12Q">{{Cite web |last=Keralis |first=Spencer |date=4 April 2011 |title=Eseohe Arhebamen |url=https://12questionslmp.wordpress.com/2011/04/04/eseohe-arhebamen/ |access-date=5 May 2011 |website=12 Questions}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Lebrave |first=Benjamin |date=31 August 2010 |title=Huuuuuuge: Edoheart - Akwaaba Music |url=http://www.akwaabamusic.com/blog/huuuuuuge-edoheart/ |access-date=5 October 2013 |publisher=Akwaaba Music}}</ref> An haifi Eseohe a [[Tarihin Zariya|Zaria]], [[Najeriya]] kuma ya fito ne daga dangin sarauta na [[Masarautar Benin|Daular Benin]] . Kakar mahaifiyar Eseohe Arhebamen ita ce Gimbiya Theresa Maria Nodumwenben Osazuwa, gimbiya ce ta [[Mutanen Edo]]. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Paldrok |first=Al |date=2009 |title=Eseohe Arhebamen |url=http://www.performance.ee/2009/eseohe%20arhebamen.htm |access-date=5 October 2013 |publisher=Diverse Universe Performance Festival |archive-date=20 January 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250120055431/http://www.performance.ee/2009/eseohe%20arhebamen.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kakan kakan Eseohe Arhebamen Osazuwa Eredia, mahaifin Gimbiya Theresa Osazuwa, shi ne Oba N"Ugu da Enogie na Umoghumwun, wanda ya sa Eseohe Rhebamen ya zama zuriyar sarauta da sarauniya. "Tushen Masarautar Ugu, tare da babban birninta a Umoghumwun an gano shi ne ga Yarima Idu, ɗan fari na Oba Eweka I. " == Rayuwar farko == Eseohe Arhebamen ita ce 'yar'uwa mafi girma a cikin 'yan'uwa biyar kuma galibi tana taka rawa a cikin tarbiyyar su. Tana da shekaru bakwai <ref>{{Cite web |last=Wong |first=Cyril |date=November 2005 |title=Eseohe Arhebamen |url=http://www.softblow.org/arhebamen.html |access-date=5 April 2010 |website=Softblow |archive-date=2 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241202104816/http://www.softblow.org/arhebamen.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Iyalan Eseohe sun yi ƙaura zuwa Amurka suka zauna a [[Detroit]], [[Michigan]] . Tana da shekaru 17 ta yi rajista a Jami'ar Michigan a Kwalejin Gidaje. Duk da cewa an ƙarfafa ta sosai ta nemi aikin likitanci a matsayin hanyar aiki, Eseohe ta bi sha'awarta ga waƙa, harshe da fasaha. A matsayinta na ɗalibi mai digiri na farko Eseohe ta mayar da hankali kan hanyoyin adabi da aiki a matsayin hanyar da za ta shafi canjin zamantakewa. <ref name="EJ">{{Cite web |date=21 November 2002 |title=The Environmental Justice Poetry Slam Ann Arbor, MI |url=http://eji.snre.umich.edu/poetryslam.html |access-date=5 April 2010 |website=Environmental Justice Initiative |publisher=The University of Michigan - School of Natural Resources & Environment}}</ref> Yayin da take Jami'ar Michigan, Eseohe ta sami kyaututtuka masu daraja saboda rubuce-rubucenta <ref name="12Q"/> <ref name="120WA">{{Cite web |last=Mendler |first=Janet Nellis |date=3 May 2000 |title=Students share more than $120,000 in writing awards |url=http://www.ns.umich.edu/new/releases/3474-students-share-more-than-120-000-in-writing-awards |access-date=5 April 2010 |publisher=University of Michigan News Service}}</ref> kuma an haɗa ta a cikin waɗanda suka lashe kyautar Jami'ar Michigan Anthology of Hopwood Award. == Sana'a == Tana da shekaru 19, Eseohe ta sami matsayin Marubuci a Gida tare da InsideOut Literary Arts a [[Detroit]], [[Michigan]] kuma ta yi aiki da yara a makarantun da ke cikin birni marasa galihu don faɗaɗa ƙwarewarsu ta adabi. Bayan ta koma New York a shekarar 2003, Eseohe ta kafa kamfanin EdoHeart wanda aka rubuta da Edoheart wanda ya zama sunan wasan kwaikwayo nata. Eseohe Arhebamen tana da alaƙa da Edoheart. Eseohe ta sami digirin farko na Fasaha daga Jami'ar Michigan a fannin Rubutu da Adabi Mai Kirkire-kirkire a watan Agusta, 2005, sannan ta sake samun wani digiri na farko na Fasaha a Fasahar Studio tare da ƙaramin digiri na Turanci daga Kwalejin Hunter . Ta ci gaba da kammala karatun digiri na biyu daga Jami'ar New York tare da digiri na biyu a fannin Nazarin Aiki, wanda aka bayyana a matsayin wanda aka samo daga nazarin fasahar wasan kwaikwayo, ilimin ɗan adam da zamantakewa, ka'idar adabi, da nazarin shari'a. Eseohe ya kuma yi karatun rawa sosai tare da Yukio Waguri. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2009 |title=Tisch Performance Studies Biography of Eseohe Arhebamen |url=http://performance.tisch.nyu.edu/object/eseohearhebamen.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131012035837/http://performance.tisch.nyu.edu/object/eseohearhebamen.html |archive-date=12 October 2013 |access-date=30 September 2013 |publisher=New York University}}</ref> Abubuwan da suka fi jan hankali a cikin ayyukan gwaji na Eseohe Arhebamen sune ƙirƙirar yanayi daban-daban, da [[Waƙa|waƙoƙi]] da maganganun murya a matsayin tushen motsi. <ref name="12Q"/> <ref>{{Cite web |date=September 2011 |title=Eseohe Arhebamen : Tisch School of the Arts at NYU |url=http://performance.tisch.nyu.edu/object/eseohearhebamen.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131012035837/http://performance.tisch.nyu.edu/object/eseohearhebamen.html |archive-date=12 October 2013 |access-date=5 October 2013 |publisher=New York University}}</ref> Ta yi aikin tsara da koyarwa ko jagorantar bita da suka shafi waɗannan fannoni masu ban sha'awa a Kwalejin Malamai ta Jami'ar Columbia da The Living Theatre . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Namerow |first=Evan |date=7 August 2009 |title=Butoh Workshop at The Living Theatre " Dancing Perfectly Free |url=http://dancingperfectlyfree.com/2009/08/07/butoh-workshop-at-the-living-theatre/ |access-date=5 April 2010 |publisher=Dancing Perfectly Free}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Shieh |first=Eric |date=24 April 2009 |title=Teachers College - Columbia University: Calendar |url=http://www.tc.columbia.edu/calendar/index.htm?EventID=6403 |access-date=5 April 2010 |publisher=Columbia University}}</ref> Eseohe Arhebamen ta fito a talabijin da labarai na Koriya da Amurka, da kuma jaridun Amurka, Estonia da Latvia. <ref name="EP"/> <ref name="PP"/> <ref>{{Cite web |date=6 September 2008 |title=Daum tv팟 - 실험에술월드엑스포_Eseohe Arhebamen,김석환 홍대앞 퍼포머들 / 실험예술월드엑스포_Eseohe Arhebamen,김석환,더 벨리댄,들소리 4 - 동영상 |url=http://see.daum.net/clip/ClipView.do?clipid=10149269&q=%EA%B9%80%EC%84%9D |access-date=5 April 2010 |publisher=DAUM TV}}{{Dead link|date=December 2019}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=January 2012 |title=NYC Media - NYC Life |url=http://www.nyc.gov/html/media/html/tv/nyctv_life_arttrek_episodes.shtml |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131006052751/http://www.nyc.gov/html/media/html/tv/nyctv_life_arttrek_episodes.shtml |archive-date=6 October 2013 |access-date=5 October 2013 |publisher=The City of New York}}</ref> A shekarar 2011, mawakiya Kalup Linzy ta zaɓe ta don ta fito a cikin wani [[Documentary film|shirin gaskiya]] game da mawakan New York. <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 January 2012 |title=New NYC Art Reality Show Debuts TONIGHT, With Kalup Linzy |url=http://blogs.artinfo.com/artintheair/2012/01/09/new-nyc-art-reality-show-debuts-tonight-with-kalup-linzy/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120113200313/http://blogs.artinfo.com/artintheair/2012/01/09/new-nyc-art-reality-show-debuts-tonight-with-kalup-linzy/ |archive-date=13 January 2012 |access-date=5 October 2013 |website=In the Air: Art News & Gossip |publisher=ARTINFO.com}}</ref> Eseohe Arhebamen kuma ta bayyana a cikin faifan bidiyo da aka haɗa a cikin takaddun mawaƙiya Anne Waldman da aka saya ta ɗakin karatu na musamman na Jami'ar Michigan . == Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Butoh vocal == Eseohe Arhebamen ita ce 'yar Afirka ta farko da ta fara yin wasan butoh na asali da kuma na asali. <ref name="SPalms">{{Cite web |last=Anna |date=30 April 2011 |title=Nigeriansk Butoh |url=https://swedishpalms.blogspot.com/2011/04/nigeriansk-butoh.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110825160657/http://swedishpalms.blogspot.com/2011/04/nigeriansk-butoh.html |archive-date=25 August 2011 |access-date=5 May 2011 |publisher=Swedish Palms}}</ref> Bugu da ƙari, Eseohe Arhebamen ita ce 'yar Afirka ta farko da ta haɗa rawar butoh da waƙa, magana, mudra, yaren kurame, magana, da kuma waƙoƙin gwaji bayan salon rawa na gargajiya na [[mutanen Edo]] na Yammacin [[Afirka]] . <ref name="SPalms" /> Tana kiran wannan salon rawa da Butoh-Vocal Theatre. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Vocal Styles: An Interview with Performance Artist Edoheart |url=http://www.claudiafriedlander.com/the-liberated-voice/2010/07/vocal-styles-an-interview-with-performance-artist-edoheart.html |access-date=20 August 2016 |publisher=The Liberated Voice}}</ref> Salon wasan kwaikwayo na Butoh-Vocal na Eseohe Arhebamen ya samo asali ne daga aikinta a cikin [[Waƙa|waƙoƙi]], kiɗa da gidan wasan kwaikwayo na gargajiya na Edo inda masu yin rawa da waƙa a lokaci guda, kuma yana da tasiri ta hanyar imani da ta bayyana game da tarihin harshe iri ɗaya tsakanin mutanen Edo na Najeriya da Japan. <ref name="SPalms" /> A ranar 26 ga Satumba, 2010, Eseohe ta yi wasan kwaikwayo a wani taron bita mai zurfi [[Yukio Waguri|na Yukio Waguri]] wanda ke nuna salon wasan kwaikwayo na Butoh-Vocal Theatre wanda ta yi rawa butoh yayin da take rera Pure Imagination daga Willy Wonka &amp;amp; the Chocolate Factory . Kaarel Kressa ta bayyana rawar da Eseohe ya taka a lokacin rangadin Fifth Diverse Universe a matsayin wacce ta kunshi kyawun halitta da kuma mace; tare da wakoki, rawa da wakoki wadanda suka jawo hankalin masu kallo. [1] An kuma kira wasannin Eseohe "al'ada mai karfi". [2] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1981]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] c1igfiodz432n38wd75ulpwb3ciq1wr 0 145503 826344 809858 2026-04-25T20:51:31Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826344 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''DeAnna Marie Burt''' (an haife ta a ranar 15 ga Fabrairu, 1969) Laftanar janar ce mai ritaya daga rundunar sararin samaniya ta Amurka wacce ta yi aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar shugabar ayyukan sararin samaniya na ayyuka, yanar gizo, da makaman nukiliya daga 2022 zuwa 2025. Ita ce babbar janar mace ta farko kuma babbar jami'a mace ta biyu a rundunar sararin samaniya. Burt ta shiga [[United States Air Force|Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Amurka]] a shekarar 1992 bayan ta kammala karatunta daga Jami'ar Aeronautical ta Embry-Riddle . Ta kasance jami'ar ayyukan sararin samaniya mai ayyuka da yawa na tauraron dan adam da kuma mukamai a Rundunar Sararin Samaniya ta Sojojin Sama da Rundunar Sojojin Turai ta Amurka . Ta jagoranci Rundunar Sojojin Sama ta Biyu, Rukunin Ayyuka na 460, da kuma Rukunin Sararin Samaniya na 50. Ta kammala karatun digiri kuma tsohuwar malamar Makarantar Makamai ta USAF kuma ta kammala karatunta a Makarantar Nazarin Sama da Sararin Samaniya ta Ci gaba. Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar kwamandan Cibiyar Yaƙi ta Sojojin Sama ta Amurka . A shekarar 2021, Burt ta koma rundunar sojin sararin samaniya, inda yanzu take aiki a matsayin babbar jami'ar ayyukanta, mai alhakin ayyuka, ci gaba, ayyukan yanar gizo, da kuma ayyukan nukiliya. Ta yi aiki a matsayin kwamandan rundunar hadin gwiwa ta sararin samaniya da kuma mataimakiyar kwamandan rundunar ayyukan sararin samaniya daga 2020 zuwa 2022. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Burt a ranar 15 ga Fabrairu, 1969, a Louisville, Kentucky . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Persons born on 15 February 1969, DARRIN THOMAS HAMILTON to DERRICK O. PENCHION |url=https://sortedbybirthdate.com/small_pages/1969/19690215_1004.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210804052758/https://sortedbybirthdate.com/small_pages/1969/19690215_1004.html |archive-date=August 4, 2021 |access-date=August 4, 2021 |website=sortedbybirthdate.com}}</ref> Lokacin da take da shekaru shida, iyalinta sun ƙaura zuwa Jacksonville, Florida . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Burt holds first call for Team 5-0 |url=https://www.schriever.spaceforce.mil/News/Article-Display/Article/735331/burt-holds-first-call-for-team-5-0/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210803090630/https://www.schriever.spaceforce.mil/News/Article-Display/Article/735331/burt-holds-first-call-for-team-5-0/ |archive-date=August 3, 2021 |access-date=August 3, 2021 |website=Schriever Space Force Base}}</ref> Burt ta shiga Rundunar Horar da Jami'an Tsaron Sojojin Sama (AFROTC) a Jami'ar Aeronautical ta Embry-Riddle don samun tallafin karatu a kwaleji. Da farko ta yi niyyar yin aiki a Rundunar Sojan Sama na tsawon shekaru huɗu. <ref name="focus">{{Cite web |last=Sweet |first=Amy |date=May 9, 2016 |title=Burt: Singularly focused on the mission |url=https://www.csbj.com/premier/profiles/oneonones/burt-singularly-focused-on-the-mission/article_84cd2096-c08f-503d-ab24-9724ef99522b.html |website=Colorado Springs Business Journal |access-date=March 15, 2026 |archive-date=December 25, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231225114314/https://www.csbj.com/premier/profiles/oneonones/burt-singularly-focused-on-the-mission/article_84cd2096-c08f-503d-ab24-9724ef99522b.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> A Embry-Riddle, ita ce kwamanda mai kula da reshen kadet na AFROTC kuma shugabar Hukumar Shirye-shirye ta Mata. Ta kuma kasance shugabar mai ba da shawara kan harkokin mazauni da kuma yanayin harabar mata. <ref>{{Cite web |year=1992 |title=Phoenix 1992 |url=https://commons.erau.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1029&context=phoenix-yearbooks |access-date=December 27, 2023 |publisher=Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University |page=86}}</ref> A shekarar 1991, ta sami digirin BS a fannin injiniyan jiragen sama a matsayin fitacciyar mai digiri. A shekarar 1995, ta sami digirin MS a fannin [[Albarkatun dan'adam|kula da albarkatun ɗan adam]] daga Jami'ar Jihar Troy da ke Alabama. <ref name="biography">{{Cite web |date=October 2023 |title=Lieutenant General DeAnna M. Burt |url=https://www.spaceforce.mil/Biographies/Display/Article/2830571/deanna-m-burt/ |access-date=2024-02-25 |agency=[[United States Space Force]] |archive-date=2023-10-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231011013036/https://www.spaceforce.mil/Biographies/Display/Article/2830571/deanna-m-burt/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> A matsayin wani ɓangare na ilimin aikin soja, Burt ta halarci Makarantar Jami'an Squadron, Makarantar Makamai ta USAF, Kwalejin Sojojin Sama da Ma'aikata, Makarantar Nazarin Sama da Sararin Sama, Kwalejin Yaƙin Ƙasa, da Jami'ar Air . Ta kuma halarci darussa da dama na jagoranci da tarurrukan karawa juna sani daga Cibiyar Jagorancin Kirkire-kirkire, Makarantar Kasuwanci ta UNC Kenan–Flagler, Alan Freed Associates, da Cibiyar Arlie. [1] == Aikin soja == === Rundunar Sojan Sama === [[Fayil:Joint_Chiefs_Chairman_Visits_Schriever_(2597995).jpeg|thumb|Burt da CMSgt Bentivegna suna magana da Janar Dunford a lokacin ziyarar da ya kai sansanin sojojin sama na Schriever, 2016]] An zaɓi Burt a matsayin mai shiga rundunar sojin sama a ranar 13 ga Mayu 1992, shekara guda bayan kammala karatunta daga Jami'ar Aeronautical ta Embry-Riddle ta hanyar tallafin karatu daga Jami'an Tsaron Sojojin Sama . Da farko ta yi niyyar yin aiki na tsawon shekaru huɗu a rundunar sojin sama, mafi ƙarancin buƙatun sabis don biyan tallafin karatu. <ref name="focus"/> Bayan samun aikinta, ta yi horon sararin samaniya na watanni uku a sansanin sojojin sama na Lowry, [[Colorado]] . <ref name="biography"/> [[Fayil:2_SOPS_bids_farewell_to_aging_satellite_(3527066).jpeg|thumb|Burt (tsakiya) umarnin ƙarshe na dakatar da amfani da tauraron ɗan adam, 2017]] Daga 1993 zuwa 1995, an tura Burt aiki a rundunar gargaɗi ta 4 a sansanin sojojin sama na Holloman, [[New Mexico]], a matsayin kwamandan ma'aikatan jirgin sama, mataimakiyar kwamandan jiragen sama, da kuma babbar jami'ar ayyukan da ake gudanarwa a yanzu. Daga nan aka tura ta zuwa runduna ta 76 ta ayyukan sararin samaniya a sansanin sojojin sama na Schriever, Colorado, daga 1995 zuwa 1997 a matsayin babbar jami'ar ayyukan gargaɗi na dabarun tsarin sararin samaniya da kuma babbar jami'ar daidaitawa da horarwa. Bayan haka, ta yi aiki a matsayin babbar jami'a a Cibiyar Yaƙin Sararin Samaniya har zuwa 1999. <ref name="biography"/> [[Fayil:Women's_Leadership_Symposium_a_success_(3217765).jpeg|thumb|Burt (dama) tana magana da mahalarta taron shugabannin mata na 2017]] == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1969]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] mupphccqm6nmp1s4ei5jdmg8qtlqjf9 0 145893 826278 810986 2026-04-25T17:12:56Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826278 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Damata Ama Appianimaa Salam''' (an haife ta a ranar 26 ga watan Maris 1977) 'yar siyasa ce ta Ghana kuma 'yar majalisar dokoki ce a mazaɓar Afigya Kwabre ta Kudu a [[yankin Ashanti]]. Tana wakiltar sabuwar jam'iyyar kishin ƙasa (NPP) a Majalisar Dokoki ta Tara ta Jamhuriya ta Huɗu ta Ghana. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Parliament of Ghana |url=https://www.parliament.gh/members?mp=94213 |access-date=2025-06-18 |website=www.parliament.gh}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Appianimaa Salam, Damata Ama |url=https://ghanamps.com/mp/appianimaa-salam-damata-ama/ |access-date=2025-06-18 |website=Ghana MPS |language=en-US}}</ref> == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Salam a ranar 26 ga watan Maris 1977, kuma ta fito ne daga Kenyasi ‑ Brofoyedru a yankin Ashanti. <ref>{{Cite web |last=GNA |date=2025-05-17 |title=Afigya Kwabre South confirms first female DCE |url=https://gna.org.gh/2025/05/afigya-kwabre-south-confirms-first-female-dce/ |access-date=2025-06-18 |website=Ghana News Agency |language=en-US}}</ref> Ta sami digirin farko a fannin noma daga [[Jami'ar Nazarin Ci Gaban|Jami'ar Nazarin Ci Gaba]] sannan daga baya ta sami digirin farko a fannin Gudanar da Dabaru da Jagoranci daga [[Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Kwame Nkrumah]]. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-04-16 |title=Afigya Kwabre South MP rallies women to embrace leadership and education |url=https://www.classfmonline.com/news/politics/Afigya-Kwabre-South-MP-rallies-women-to-embrace-leadership-and-education-61471 |access-date=2025-06-18 |website=www.classfmonline.com |language=en}}</ref> == Siyasa == Salam ta yi takara kuma ta lashe kujerar Afigya Kwabre ta Kudu a zaɓen watan Disamba na shekarar 2024 a ƙarƙashin tutar jam'iyyar New Patriotic Party (NPP). Ta lashe da kuri'u 50,981 (76.05%), inda ta kayar da babban abokin hamayyarta, Nuzagl Vivien Nyuzagla na National Democratic Congress (NDC), wanda ya samu kuri'u 16,051 (23.95%). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-12-07 |title=#GhanaPolls2024: Full list of 801 parliamentary candidates |url=https://citinewsroom.com/2024/12/ghanapolls2024-full-list-of-801-parliamentary-candidates/ |access-date=2025-06-18 |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Afigya Kwabre South Summary - 2024 Elections |url=https://www.modernghana.com/ghanahome/ghanavotes/2024/result_constituency.asp?constituency_id=1900&utm_source=chatgpt.com |access-date=2025-06-18 |website=www.modernghana.com}}</ref> Ta maye gurbin tsohon ɗan majalisar dokoki, [[William Owuraku Aidoo]], inda ta zama mace ta farko da ta wakilci mazaɓar a Majalisar Dokoki. <ref>{{Cite web |last=People |first=Internet |title=Ghana Election Results Tracker 2024 |url=https://www.myinternetpeople.com/gh-elections-2024/myinternetpeople.com/gh-elections-2024/ |access-date=2025-06-18 |website=Internet People |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1977]] 7uuzt7wctgadxn4u1mryth5l40wt0xw 0 145946 826345 811198 2026-04-25T20:57:16Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826345 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Marie Odean Bishop Parrish''' (25 ga Fabrairu, 1922 - 24 ga Fabrairu, 2022), wacce aka fi sani da '''Deanie Parrish''' (wani lokacin ana rubuta ta a matsayin '''Parish''' ) <ref>{{Cite web |title=Duty Badges |url=http://www.af.mil/About-Us/The-Book/Duty-Badges/igphoto/2000563133/ |access-date=3 October 2017 |website=www.af.mil |archive-date=4 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171004034739/http://www.af.mil/About-Us/The-Book/Duty-Badges/igphoto/2000563133/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> matukin jirgin saman Amurka ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgin WASP a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu. An san ta da kasancewa ɗaya daga cikin mata na farko da suka fara shiga jirgin saman rundunar sojin sama [[Florida|a Florida]] . Ta shiga rundunar sojin sama tana da shekaru 21, kuma bayan ta sami fuka-fukan ta, ta yi aiki a matsayin matukin jirgin gwaji na injiniya a sansanin sojojin sama na Greenville. <ref>{{Cite web |title=WASP shares her World War II experiences > U.S. Air Force > Display |url=https://www.af.mil/News/Features/Display/Article/143661/wasp-shares-her-world-war-ii-experiences/ |access-date=3 October 2017 |website=www.af.mil}}</ref> Daga baya ta sake horar da jan jiragen sama masu hari yayin atisayen horo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 November 2009 |title=Women In The Wings |url=http://www.baylor.edu/alumni/magazine/0802/news.php?action=story&story=65594 |access-date=3 October 2017 |website=Baylor Magazine, Winter 2009-10 {{!}} Baylor University}}</ref> Ta auri matukin jirgin sama na USAF kuma ta haifi 'ya'ya mata biyu. Ta shafe mafi yawan rayuwarta bayan da aka wargaza WASPs a matsayin mai aikin sa kai na asibiti. <ref>{{Cite web |title=WASP Deanie Bishop Parrish |url=https://www.wingsacrossamerica.us/deanie.htm |access-date=3 October 2017 |website=www.wingsacrossamerica.us}}</ref> A rayuwarta ta baya ta yi aiki don tunawa da ƙoƙarin da matukan jirgin mata suka yi wajen yaƙi a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Women Airforce Service Pilots World War II, Dec 2 2014 |url=https://www.c-span.org/video/?323235-1/women-airforce-service-pilots-world-war-ii |access-date=3 October 2017 |website=C-SPAN.org}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Deanie Parrish {{!}} Unsung Heroes |url=https://www.unsungheroeseducation.com/Deanie-Bishop.html |access-date=3 October 2017 |website=www.unsungheroeseducation.com}}</ref> Aikinta kai tsaye ya sa aka ba wa Matan Jiragen Sama lambar zinare ta Majalisa a shekarar 2010, ta karɓi kyautar a madadin jiragen sama na WASP 1074. [1] [2] An shigar da Deanie cikin zauren shahara na WAI Pioneer Hall of Fame a shekarar 2015. [3] Parish ta yi tasiri sosai a ƙoƙarin da ake yi na ganin an amince da aikin WASP, kuma ta shirya gidajen yanar gizo da dama, ta rubuta littattafai da kuma ƙirƙirar shirye-shirye don cimma wannan. [4] [[Fayil:Congressional_Gold_Medal_Ceremony_(4425804700).jpg|left|thumb|Gundumar ta karɓi lambar zinare ta Majalisa a madadin WASP a ranar 10 ga Maris 2010]] An gudanar da bikin bayar da lambar yabo a kan tudun Capitol tare da sama da ma'aikatan WASP 200 da suka tsira. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Defense.gov News Article: First Female Military Pilots Get Congressional Gold Medal |url=http://archive.defense.gov/news/newsarticle.aspx?id=58279 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150905082311/http://archive.defense.gov/news/newsarticle.aspx?id=58279 |archive-date=September 5, 2015 |access-date=3 October 2017 |website=United States Department of Defense |language=en}}</ref> Kyautar ta zo ne shekaru 65 bayan an wargaza rundunar. WASP (wanda aka sani da "'yan matan tashi") <ref>{{Cite web |title=At emotional Capitol ceremony, WWII 'fly girls' finally honored |url=http://www.mcclatchydc.com/news/politics-government/article24576217.html |access-date=3 October 2017 |website=mcclatchydc |language=en}}</ref> matukan jirgin sama ne masu sa kai waɗanda suka yi jigilar jiragen sama na soja a Amurka a lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|yakin duniya na biyu]] don ba da damar ƙarin matukan jirgin saman USAF su tashi a fagen daga a Turai, an amince da su a matsayin ƙungiyar soja a 1977, kuma gudummawar da suka bayar ga yaƙin ta sami lambar yabo ta zinare ta Congressional a 2010. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kevin Bohn and Ed Hornick |title=Women fliers honored 65 years after World War II service |url=https://www.cnn.com/2010/POLITICS/03/10/women.pilots/index.html |access-date=3 October 2017 |website=[[CNN]].com |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 March 2010 |title=First Women Airforce Pilots Get Gold |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/women-airforce-service-pilots-wwii-receive-congressional-gold/story?id=10057074 |access-date=3 October 2017 |website=ABC News}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Women Airforce Service Pilots of WWII to be Honored with Congressional Gold Medal |url=http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20100215005896/en/Women-Airforce-Service-Pilots-WWII-Honored-Congressional |access-date=3 October 2017 |website=www.businesswire.com |language=en}}</ref> Jami'an majalisar sun gabatar da lambar yabo kuma Deanie Parish ta karɓe ta a madadin WASP. <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 January 2010 |title=Pelosi, Reid, Boehner, McConnell to Hold Congressional Gold Medal Ceremony to Honor the Women Airforce Service Pilots of WWII – Democratic Leader Nancy Pelosi |url=https://www.democraticleader.gov/newsroom/pelosi-reid-boehner-mcconnell-hold-congressional-gold-medal-ceremony-honor-women-airforce-service-pilots-wwii/ |access-date=3 October 2017 |website=Democratic Leader Nancy Pelosi }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Parrish ta mutu a ranar 24 ga Fabrairu, 2022, kwana ɗaya kafin cikarta shekaru 100. == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2022]] scvt8bzdy5e774fcjgd5f4iwg5tlyi0 0 146045 826605 811447 2026-04-26T09:15:33Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826605 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Édith Lucie Bongo Ondimba''' (née '''Sassou Nguesso'''; Maris 10, 1964 - Maris 14, 2009) ita ce Uwargidan Shugaban Gabon a matsayin matar Shugaba [[Omar Bongo]] daga shekarun 1989 zuwa 2009. Ta kasance cikin dangin Bongo.<ref name=reuters>{{cite news|title=Wife of Gabon's President Bongo dies |newspaper=[[Reuters]]|date=15 March 2009|accessdate=18 March 2009 |url=https://af.reuters.com/article/topNews/idAFJOE52E01R20090315|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090322173846/http://af.reuters.com/article/topNews/idAFJOE52E01R20090315|url-status=dead|archive-date=22 March 2009}}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Edith Lucie Bongo Ondimba a ranar 10 ga watan Maris, 1964. Mahaifinta shine Denis Sassou Nguesso, wanda daga baya ya zama Shugaban [[Jamhuriyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Congo]] (1979 &#x2013; 1992 da 1997 zuwa yanzu). Aurenta da Shugaba Bongo a ranar 4 ga watan Agusta, 1989, an yi masa kallon siyasa a matsayin misali na haɗin gwiwa tsakanin ƙasashen biyu, a cewar ''Reuters''.<ref name=reuters/> Ta kasance likitar likitanci ta hanyar ilimi, likitan yara, kuma da [[Kanjamau|HIV/AIDS]] ita ce ɗayan manyan abubuwan da ta fi mayar da hankali a kai. Ta taimaka wajen ƙirƙirar wani dandali ga matan shugabannin Afirka don yaƙi da cutar kanjamau kuma ta kafa ƙungiyoyi ga yara masu rauni da mutanen da ke da naƙasa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Edith Bongo pictures |url=http://www.gabonmagazine.com/images/G2-ENGLISH/G2-EdithBongo.pdf |access-date=22 November 2016 |publisher=Gabon Magazine |format=PDF |archive-date=6 October 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111006195847/http://www.gabonmagazine.com/images/G2-ENGLISH/G2-EdithBongo.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Rayuwa da mutuwa daga baya == A shekarar 2009, an kwantar da ita a asibiti a [[Rabat|Rabat, Morocco]]. A ranar 14 ga watan Maris, 2009, ta mutu a asibiti, kwana huɗu bayan cikarta shekaru 45. Sanarwar da ta sanar da mutuwarta ba ta fayyace musabbabin mutuwarta ko kuma yanayin rashin lafiyarta ba. Ba ta bayyana a bainar jama'a ba tsawon shekaru uku kafin mutuwarta.<ref name=reuters/> Bayan jana'izar gwamnati a [[Libreville|Libreville, Gabon]], an kai gawar Édith Bongo zuwa Edu, ƙauyen mahaifinta da ke arewacin Kongo don binne gawar ƙabilar Mbochi ta gargajiya a makabartar iyali da ke can a ranar 20 ga watan Maris, 2009. Jana'izar, wacce aka watsa ta talabijin a duk faɗin ƙasar a Gabon da Kongo, ta samu halartar shugabanni Bongo, Sassou Nguesso, da kuma shugabannin Benin, Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya, Jamhuriyar Demokraɗiyyar Kongo, Equatorial Guinea da Togo.<ref>{{cite news|title=Gabonese first lady buried in Congo|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200903231207.html|accessdate=22 November 2016|work=AllAfrica|date=22 March 2009}}</ref> Bayan rasuwarta, an sanar da shi a talabijin na Gabon a ranar 6 ga watan Mayu 2009 cewa Omar Bongo "yana dakatar da ayyukansa na ɗan lokaci" a matsayin Shugaban ƙasa domin "sake samun ƙarfi da hutawa". Sanarwar ta jaddada cewa rashin lafiya da mutuwar matarsa sun shafi Bongo sosai.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5hCsmQqsc6g9ayZmdl63pTe9HMuKw|title=Gabon's Bongo temporarily stands down|newspaper=Associated Press|date=6 May 2009|accessdate=22 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110311075427/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5hCsmQqsc6g9ayZmdl63pTe9HMuKw|archive-date=11 March 2011}}</ref> Shugaba Bongo ya mutu wata guda bayan haka a ranar 8 ga watan Yuni 2009, kusan watanni uku bayan mutuwar Edith, a wani asibiti da ke [[Barcelona]], Spain.<ref name="BBC">{{cite news|title=Gabon's leader is confirmed dead|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/8090056.stm|work=[[BBC News]]|date=2009-06-08|accessdate=2009-06-08}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2009]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1964]] potih2o74tjufpsb305ch1tgusxxprt 0 146111 826253 811697 2026-04-25T14:12:28Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826253 wikitext text/x-wiki == Iyali == Coral Edith Brown ita ce kawai 'yar magatakarda na jirgin kasa Leslie Clarence Brown (1890-1957), da Victoria Elizabeth Brown (1890-1989), née Bennett, duka biyu daga haihuwar Victorian. Ita da 'yan uwanta biyu sun girma ne a Footscray, wani yanki na [[Melbourne]]. == Ayyuka == [[Fayil:Coral_Browne_in_1931.jpg|right|thumb|Browne a cikin 1931]] Ta yi karatu a Makarantar Fasaha ta National Gallery . Farkonta na farko shi ne Gloria a cikin Shaw's You Never Can Tell, wanda Frank Clewlow ya jagoranta. Gregan McMahon ta ɗauke ta don fara aikinta na farko a matsayin "Margaret Orme" a cikin Loyalties a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Melbourne a ranar 2 ga Mayu 1931, tana da shekaru 17. Har yanzu ana kiranta da "Brown", an kara "e" a 1936. A lokacin da take da shekaru 21, tare da £ 50 kawai a kanta da wasika ta gabatarwa ga shahararriyar 'yar wasan kwaikwayo [[Mary Tempest]] daga Gregan McMahon, <sup class="mw-ref reference" cx-link="" data-linkid="107" href="./Jack_Buchanan" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Jack Buchanan">Jack Buchanan is Coral Browne's hope<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;},<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;date<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:{<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;wt<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;1948-04-03<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;},<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;work<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:{<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;wt<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;Argus<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;},<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;access-date<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:{<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;wt<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;2017-09-29<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;},<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;pages<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:{<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;wt<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;7<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;}},<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;i<nowiki>&</nowiki>quot;:0}}]}\" data-ve-no-generated-contents=\"true\" id=\"mwAtg\"><nowiki>&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki><nowiki><cite about=\"#mwt18\" class=\"citation news cs1\" id=\"mwAtk\" data-ve-ignore=\"\"><a class=\"external text\" href=\"http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article22538570\" id=\"mwAto\" rel=\"mw:ExtLink nofollow\">\"Return visit with Jack Buchanan is Coral Browne's hope\"</a></nowiki>. <nowiki><i id=\"mwAts\">Argus</i></nowiki>. 3 April 1948. p.<nowiki><span id=\"mwAtw\" typeof=\"mw:Entity\">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki>7<nowiki><span class=\"reference-accessdate\" id=\"mwAt0\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\" id=\"mwAt4\">29 September</span></nowiki> 2017<nowiki></span></nowiki>.<nowiki></cite></nowiki>"}}" id="cite_ref-Argus_6-0" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref">[./Coral_Browne#cite_note-Argus-6 <span class="mw-reflink-text"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket"><nowiki>]</nowiki></span></span>]</sup> ta yi hijira zuwa Ingila inda ta zama 'yar wasan motsa jiki, musamman a matsayin jagora ga Jack Buchanan a cikin Frederick Lonsdale's The Last of Mrs Cheyney, W. Somerset Maugham's ''Lady Frederick'' da Alan Melville's Castle in the Air . Ta kasance mai wasan kwaikwayo na yau da kullun a cikin wasan kwaikwayo a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Savoy a London kuma ta kasance mazaunin otal ɗin shekaru da yawa, gami da duk lokacin yakin duniya na biyu . Lokacin da asalin yawon shakatawa na Burtaniya na The Man Who Came to Dinner ya shiga cikin matsalar kudi kuma ba za a iya samar da shi a London ba, Browne ta ranta kudi daga likitan hakora kuma ta sayi haƙƙin wasan, ta sami nasarar shirya shi a Savoy.<ref>{{ISBN|978-0-312-26789-6}}. St. Martin's Griffin (15 October 2000)</ref> Ta sami sarauta daga wasan daga duk shirye-shiryen gaba. Ta fara yin fim a shekara ta 1936, tare da shahararrun matsayinta na Vera Charles a ''Auntie Mame'' (1958), Mercy Croft a cikin The Killing of Sister George (1968), da Lady Claire Gurney a cikin The Ruling Class (1972). Ta fara fitowa a talabijin ne a watan Janairun 1938, lokacin da ta bayyana a cikin shirin talabijin na [[BBC]] na The Billiard Room Mystery . <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 January 1938 |title=The Billiard-Room Mystery - BBC Television - 14 January 1938 - BBC Genome |url=https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/687c587d40b74c0aa80d0a8814278fac |website=genome.ch.bbc.co.uk}}</ref> A duk lokacin da ta yi aiki, ta kasance mai wasan kwaikwayo na yau da kullun a Rediyon BBC kuma ta bayyana a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na rediyo da yawa, ciki har da Dinner at Eight, <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 November 1943 |title=Saturday-Night Theatre Coral Browne and Phyllis Neilson-Terry in 'DINNER AT EIGHT' - BBC Home Service Basic - 27 November 1943 - BBC Genome |url=https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/cdc199978e4145d390b51ecbf42ea7f4 |website=genome.ch.bbc.co.uk}}</ref> The Second Mrs. Tanqueray, <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 October 1944 |title=Saturday-Night Theatre Coral Browne, Malcolm Keen, and Jack Buchanan in 'THE SECOND MRS. TANQUERAY' - BBC Home Service Basic - 7 October 1944 - BBC Genome |url=https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/99b139f5cfb44bf8b053c1798d4774b5 |website=genome.ch.bbc.co.uk}}</ref> The Caspary Affair, <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 July 1946 |title=Musical Theatre of the Air: 16: The Caspary Affair - BBC Home Service Basic - 11 July 1946 - BBC Genome |url=https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/0bf5cff998d7482aa86c64e49703edeb |website=genome.ch.bbc.co.uk}}</ref> The Tragedy of Othello, <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 February 1956 |title=World Theatre: The Tragedy of Othello - BBC Home Service Basic - 27 February 1956 - BBC Genome |url=https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/c29447dd917b4fbead621175bfc3e175 |website=genome.ch.bbc.co.uk}}</ref> Oedipus The King, [4] ''Hamlet'', [5] The Infernal Machine, [4] Two Mothers, [5] Captain Brassbound's Conversion [5] da The Eyes of Youth [5] da sauransu da yawa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 October 1957 |title=Stephen Murray with Coral Browne and Leon Quartermaine in - Third Programme - 15 October 1957 - BBC Genome |url=https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/faa5bcf597b345c3a78d5d58565fac80 |website=genome.ch.bbc.co.uk}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=23 October 1960 |title=HAMLET - Third Programme - 23 October 1960 - BBC Genome |url=https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/df32e42d9e05465cb337d853059eb371 |website=genome.ch.bbc.co.uk}}</ref><ref name="bbc.co.uk">{{Cite web |date=23 November 1960 |title=THE INFERNAL MACHINE - Third Programme - 23 November 1960 - BBC Genome |url=https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/7f406eaf155b42c388cd59b7683054f4 |website=genome.ch.bbc.co.uk}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 1961 |title=CAPTAIN BRASSBOUND'S CONVERSION - Third Programme - 17 December 1961 - BBC Genome |url=https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/44352d421cdf4040a7114dcbb31364cf |website=genome.ch.bbc.co.uk}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=20 January 1962 |title=SATURDAY-NIGHT THEATRE - BBC Home Service Basic - 20 January 1962 - BBC Genome |url=https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/831c5089c0cc4e04a1ca8f2967c91970 |website=genome.ch.bbc.co.uk}}</ref> A shekara ta 1961, Browne shine wanda aka nuna a kan Desert Island Discs, wanda Roy Plomley ya shirya.<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 September 1961 |title=DESERT ISLAND DISCS - BBC Home Service Basic - 11 September 1961 - BBC Genome |url=https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/ca67bb44cfce4f3880531148d509cc5f |website=genome.ch.bbc.co.uk}}</ref> Wasanni na talabijin na BBC sun haɗa da ''Aunty Charley'' a shekarar 1969, ''Lady Windermere's Fan'' a shekarar 1972, Mrs. Warren's Profession kuma a shekarar 1972 da kuma The Importance of Being Earnest a shekarar 1974.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 November 1969 |title=Play of the Month: Charley's Aunt - BBC One London - 23 November 1969 - BBC Genome |url=https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/03d100a3246c4645829231d710efd889 |website=genome.ch.bbc.co.uk |access-date=21 March 2026 |archive-date=20 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190620140945/https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/03d100a3246c4645829231d710efd889 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=14 May 1972 |title=Lady Windermere's Fan - BBC One London - 14 May 1972 - BBC Genome |url=https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/886149aab0cd4fb2869cd6ce3ce44ad7 |website=genome.ch.bbc.co.uk}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=3 October 1972 |title=Mrs Warren's Profession - BBC Two England - 3 October 1972 - BBC Genome |url=https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/fce706d308d34b28935c4c64df0c7666 |website=genome.ch.bbc.co.uk |access-date=21 March 2026 |archive-date=21 February 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250221073210/https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/fce706d308d34b28935c4c64df0c7666 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=17 February 1974 |title=Play of the Month - BBC One London - 17 February 1974 - BBC Genome |url=https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/5628de1f900b43c0932f2fe0262558b8 |website=genome.ch.bbc.co.uk}}</ref> A shekara ta 1969, Browne ya bayyana a cikin aikin da ba a karɓa ba na asali na Joe Orton mai rikitarwa What the Butler Saw a West End a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Sarauniya tare da Sir Ralph Richardson, Stanley Baxter, da Hayward Morse . == Rayuwa ta mutum == Browne ya auri ɗan wasan kwaikwayo Philip Pearman a 1950, kuma ya kasance da aure har zuwa mutuwarsa a 1964. <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 June 2007 |title=The Coral Browne Story - Book Reviews |url=http://www.smh.com.au/news/book-reviews/the-coral-browne-story/2007/06/22/1182019350464.html |access-date=1 October 2017 |website=Smh.com.au}}</ref> Yayinda take yin fim din Theatre of Blood (1973), ta sadu da ɗan wasan kwaikwayo [[Vincent Price]]; sun yi aure a ranar 24 ga Oktoba 1974. Su biyu sun bayyana tare a cikin sauye-sauyen kasa da kasa na ''Ardèle'', wanda aka buga a Amurka da kuma a London a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Sarauniya. A lokacin wannan gudu, Browne da Price sun fito tare a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na BBC Radio Night of the Wolf, wanda aka fara watsawa a shekarar 1975. Su biyu daga baya sun bayyana a cikin miniseries na [[CBS]] TV na 1979 Time Express . Ta zama 'yar asalin Amurka a shekarar 1987 a matsayin kyauta ga Price wanda daga baya ya tuba zuwa [[Cocin katolika|Katolika]] a gare ta (ta tuba shekaru da yawa da suka gabata). Browne ta mutu a ranar 29 ga Mayu 1991 a Los Angeles, California, daga ciwon nono; tana da shekaru 77. Bayan mutuwarta, an ƙone ta kuma an watsar da tokarta a cikin Rose Garden a Hollywood Forever Cemetery . Ba ta da yara daga aurenta; Price ta mutu bayan shekaru biyu. == Kyaututtuka == An ba Browne lambar yabo ta BAFTA Television Award for Best Actress 1984 saboda rawar da ta taka a An Englishman Abroad . Daga baya ta sami lambar yabo ta London Evening Standard British Film Awards don 'yar wasan kwaikwayo mafi kyau a 1986 don Dreamchild . A shekara ta 1976, masu sukar gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Los Angeles sun ba ta suna 'yar wasan kwaikwayo mafi kyau saboda rawar da ta taka a Travesties a Mark Taper Forum a Los Angeles . == Halin mutum == Lokacin da [[Royal Shakespeare Company|Kamfanin Royal Shakespeare]] ya gaya masa cewa babu wani rawar da ya dace a cikin samar da ''Sarki Lear'' ga mijinta, Philip Pearman, ta bukaci rubutun kuma tana gudana ta hanyar ta sami shafin da take nema. "Akwai", in ji ta, "cikakken bangare. Ƙananan sansani kusa da Dover. " == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1991]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1913]] kdp5ar7marqekbcvuxs5nv4dvcykrj2 0 146147 826332 811781 2026-04-25T18:58:07Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826332 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Dariğa Nūrsūltanqyzy Nazarbaeva''' ( Kazakh ; an haife ta a ranar 7 ga Mayu 1963) 'yar kasuwa ce kuma 'yar siyasa 'yar Kazakhstan ce, 'yar Nursultan Nazarbayev, wanda ya kasance Shugaban Kazakhstan daga 1990 zuwa 2019. Ta kasance memba na Mäjilis daga 2004 zuwa 2007, 2012 zuwa 2015 da 2021 zuwa 2022. Ta kasance Mataimakiyar Shugabar Mäjilis daga 2014 zuwa 2015 har zuwa lokacin da aka naɗa ta a matsayin Mataimakiyar Firayim Minista a ƙarƙashin majalisar ministocin Massimov . Ta kasance memba na Majalisar Dattawan Kazakhstan daga 2016 zuwa 2020, ta yi aiki a matsayin Shugabar Majalisar Dattawa daga 2019 zuwa 2020. Tana ɗaya daga cikin mata mafi arziki a Kazakhstan. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-04-09 |title=Как Дарига Назарбаева пережила опалу и смерть мужа и чуть было не стала преемницей отца |url=https://www.forbes.ru/forbes-woman/373671-kak-dariga-nazarbaeva-perezhila-opalu-i-smert-muzha-i-chut-bylo-ne-stala |access-date=2023-12-06 |website=Forbes.ru |language=ru}}</ref> Nazarbayeva ta fara aikinta a shekarar 1994 a fannin harkokin watsa labarai yayin da take jagorantar Khabar, babbar hukumar talabijin ta ƙasa a Kazakhstan. A shekarar 2003, ta kafa jam'iyyar Asar, kuma a shekarar da ta biyo baya a shekarar 2004 a karon farko, an zaɓe Nazarbayeva a Mäjilis . A lokacin da take aiki a wurin, Asar a shekarar 2006 ta haɗu da Amanat, jam'iyya mai mulki wadda mahaifinta Nazarbayev ke jagoranta. Bayan rushewar Mäjilis a shekarar 2007, Nazarbayeva ba ta sake tsayawa takara ba kuma ta ci gaba da kasancewa cikin harkokin siyasa har sai da ta dawo a shekarar 2012 zuwa kujerar Mäjilis inda ta kasance mataimakiyar shugabar majalisar dokoki ta Amanat. A shekarar 2015, mahaifinta ya naɗa Nazarbayeva a matsayin mataimakiyar Firayim Minista a ƙarƙashin Firayim Minista Karim Massimov kafin daga baya ta koma Majalisar Dattawa a shekarar 2016 a matsayin Sanata . Bayan da mahaifinta ya yi murabus daga shugabancin ƙasa a shekarar 2019, Nazarbayeva ta karɓi ragamar shugabancin Majalisar Dattawa ta Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, yayin da Tokayev ya zama shugaban ƙasar Kazakhstan . A shekarar 2020, Tokayev ya cire ta ba zato ba tsammani daga muƙamin jim kaɗan kafin ta sake komawa Mäjilis a shekarar 2021 . Saboda manyan mukamai da alaƙar Nazarbayeva da mahaifinta, an yi ta rade-radin cewa tana shirin zama shugaban ƙasa a matsayin hanyar da za ta gaji gadon Nazarbayev ta hanyar nuna son kai duk da ikirarin da Nazarbayev da kansa ya yi watsi da su. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Nazarbayeva a Temirtau a ranar 7 ga Mayu, 1963. A tsakanin 1981–1982, ta kammala karatun sakandare a Kwalejin K. Satpayev Gymnasium mai lamba 56 a Alma-Ata . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Святослав Антонов |date=3 September 2015 |title=Легендарные школы Алматы |url=https://www.voxpopuli.kz/history/legendarnye-shkoly-almaty--12348.html |access-date=23 April 2020 |website=Vox Populi |language=ru}}</ref> <ref name="kursiv1">{{Cite web |date=20 March 2019 |title=Дарига Назарбаева стала спикером Сената Парламента Казахстана |url=https://kursiv.kz/news/politika/2019-03/dariga-nazarbaeva-stala-spikerom-senata-parlamenta-kazakhstana |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200719113438/https://kursiv.kz/news/politika/2019-03/dariga-nazarbaeva-stala-spikerom-senata-parlamenta-kazakhstana |archive-date=19 July 2020 |access-date=23 April 2020 |language=ru}}</ref> Daga 1980 zuwa 1983, ta yi karatu a sashen tarihi a Jami'ar Jihar Moscow . Ta kammala karatun digiri a Jami'ar Jihar SM Kirov Kazakh a 1985, <ref name="ria1">{{Cite web |date=20 March 2019 |title=Биография Дариги Назарбаевой |url=https://ria.ru/20190320/1551953440.html |access-date=17 June 2019 |website=РИА Новости |language=ru}}</ref> kuma a 1991, tana kare takardar digirinta na digirin ɗan takara a fannin kimiyyar tarihi a Jami'ar Jihar Moscow. A shekarar 1998, Nazarbayeva ta kare takardar digirinta na digirin digirgir a fannin kimiyyar siyasa a Kwalejin Ayyukan Jiha ta Rasha. <ref name="zakonPS">{{Cite web |title=Назарбаева Дарига Нурсултановна (персональная справка) |url=https://online.zakon.kz/Document/?doc_id=30099807#pos=1;-65 |access-date=23 April 2020 |language=ru}}</ref> == Sana'a == Nazarbayeva ta zama mataimakiyar shugabar asusun agaji na yara na Bobek na mahaifiyarta Sara Nazarbayeva . <ref name="camonitor1">{{Cite web |date=2015-10-02 |title=Дарига Назарбаева: с чего начиналась карьера самой влиятельной женщины в Казахстане |url=https://camonitor.kz/18288-dariga-nazarbaeva-s-chego-nachinalas-karera-samoy-vliyatelnoy-zhenschiny-v-kazahstane.html |access-date=2020-04-23 |publisher=Central Asia Monitor |language=ru}}</ref> A shekarar 1994, Nazarbayeva ta zama mataimakiyar shugaban gidan talabijin da rediyon Kazakhstan Republican Corporation . A shekarar 1995, aka ƙirƙiri tashar talabijin ta Khabar . Ƙungiyoyin da ke da alaƙa da Nazarbayeva sun sayi tashar rediyo ta Europa Plus, kamfanonin talabijin na KTK da NTK da kuma jaridar ''Сaravan'' mai farin jini. An kafa kamfanonin TV-Media da Alma-Media don kula da sabbin kamfanonin watsa labarai. <ref name="camonitor1"/> A shekarar 1998, an mayar da Khabar kamfanin haɗin gwiwa, kuma Nazarbayeva ya zama Shugaban Kamfanin, kuma a shekarar 2001, Shugaban Hukumar Daraktoci. <ref name="camonitor1" /> == Aikin siyasa == === Shugaban Majalisar Masar (2003-2006) === A watan Oktoba na 2002, Nazarbayeva ta zama Shugabar Kwamitin Amintattu na Ƙungiyar Zaɓen Matasa; an gabatar da shawarar ƙirƙirar Majalisar Matasan Kazakhstan a taron farko na ƙungiyar. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Дарига Назарбаева - попечитель молодёжи |url=http://nomad.su/?a=3-200210060010 |access-date=2020-04-23 |language=ru}}</ref> A watan Oktoban 2003, Nazarbayeva ta shirya ta zama shugaban Jam'iyyar Republican ta Asar . <ref>{{Cite web |date=2003-09-11 |title=Дарига Назарбаева агитирует молодежь вступать в общественное объединение "Асар" |url=http://nomad.su/?a=3-200309110019 |access-date=2020-04-23 |language=ru}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2003-09-13 |title=О том, что молодежи необходимо активнее участвовать в общественной жизни страны и в частности в выборах, говорила в Евразийском университете в Астане Дарига Назарбаева |url=http://nomad.su/?a=3-200309130011 |access-date=2020-04-23 |language=ru}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2003-09-19 |title=Настает тот самый момент… |url=http://nomad.su/?a=3-200309190016 |access-date=2020-04-23 |language=ru}}</ref> A cikin 'yan watanni, an tattara fiye da aikace-aikace 167,000 daga waɗanda ke son shiga Asar; an sarrafa kuma an tabbatar da aikace-aikacen 139,000, kuma an gabatar da sa hannu 77,000 ga Ma'aikatar Shari'a don yin rijista. <ref name="asar1">{{Cite web |date=2003-12-22 |title=Председатель партии "Асар" впервые после официальной регистрации партии встретилась с журналистами |url=http://nomad.su/?a=3-200312230014 |access-date=2020-04-23 |language=ru}}</ref> A watan Disamba na 2003, an yi wa jam'iyyar rijista. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2003-12-19 |title=Зарегистрирована республиканская политическая партия "Асар" |url=http://nomad.su/?a=3-200312220020 |access-date=2020-04-23 |language=ru}}</ref> A bisa ga sakamakon zaɓen Mäjilis a shekara ta 2004, jam'iyyar ta sami ƙuri'u 541,239 (11.38%) bisa ga jerin jam'iyyu kuma ta zo ta uku; Nazarbayeva ta zama zaɓaɓɓiyar memba daga jerin jam'iyyar Asar a Mäjilis, tare da mataimaka uku daga jam'iyyar waɗanda aka zaɓa a mazabun 'yan majalisa ɗaya. A ranar 4 ga Yuli, 2006, an gudanar da wani babban taron jam'iyya inda suka yanke shawarar hadewa da Jam'iyyar Siyasa ta Republican ta Otan (daga baya Nur Otan daga Disamba 2006), inda aka zabi Nazarbayeva a matsayin mataimakiyar shugabar Amanat a karkashin shugabancin mahaifinta. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-07-04 |title=Партия "Асар" приняла решение о слиянии с партией "Отан" |url=http://zonakz.net/articles/14951 |access-date=2020-04-23 |language=ru}}</ref> <ref name="arba">{{Cite web |title=Победа партии "Нур Отан" окончательно закрепила в Казахстане авторитарный режим |url=http://www.arba.ru/news/2899 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160724163013/http://www.arba.ru/news/2899 |archive-date=24 July 2016 |access-date=2020-04-23 |language=ru}}</ref> === Aikin ɗan majalisa === ==== Memba na Mäjilis (2004-2007, 2012-2015, 2021-yanzu) ==== [[Fayil:Dariga_Nazarbayeva_(2012-11-07).jpg|thumb|219x219px|Nazarbayeva a zaman Mäjilis, Nuwamba 2012]] A watan Fabrairun 2005, an kafa sabuwar ƙungiyar Mataimak a Majalisar Dokoki, wadda ta ƙunshi mataimaka 36 (mataimaka 28 daga Mäjilis da mataimaka 8 daga Majalisar Dattawa). An zaɓi Nazarbayeva a matsayin shugabar ƙungiyar. Manyan manufofin ƙungiyar Mataimak su ne haɓaka da sa ido kan aiwatar da shirye-shiryen jiha da masana'antu da ake da su don ci gaban yanki, shiga cikin ci gaba da tallafawa dokoki na gyaran gwamnati da gwamnatin kai ta ƙananan hukumomi da haɓaka kasuwanci. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2005-02-17 |title=В парламенте образована новая депутатская группа "Аймак" |url=https://www.caravan.kz/news/v-parlamente-obrazovana-novaya-deputatskaya-gruppa-ajjmak-205129/ |access-date=2020-04-23 |publisher=Караван |language=ru}}</ref> Ta ci gaba da zama memba na Mäjilis har zuwa rushewarta a ranar 20 ga Yuni 2007. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Pannier |first=Bruce |date=2007-06-20 |title=Kazakh President Dissolves Parliament |url=https://www.rferl.org/a/1077230.html |access-date=2020-05-02 |website=RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty |language=en}}</ref> A zaben majalisar dokokin Kazakhstan na 2012, Nazarbayeva ya sake tsayawa takara a cikin jerin jam'iyyar Amanat wanda ya lashe kujeru 83. Ta jagoranci kwamitin Mäjilis akan Ci gaban Al'adu da zamantakewa. <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 January 2012 |title=Мажилис избрал главой комитета по социально-культурному развитию Даригу Назарбаеву; по финансам и бюджету |url=https://zonakz.net/2012/01/20/мажилис-избрал-главой-комитета-по-соц/ |access-date=29 April 2020 |website=Zonakz.net }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A ranar 3 ga Afrilu 2014, an zaɓi Nazarbayeva da baki ɗaya a matsayin mataimakiyar shugabar Mäjilis kuma shugabar majalisar Amanat. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Gizitdinov |first=Nariman |date=2014-04-03 |title=Kazakh President's Daughter Promoted to Top Position in Comeback |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2014-04-03/kazakh-president-s-daughter-promoted-to-top-position-in-comeback |access-date=2020-05-02 |website=www.bloomberg.com}}</ref> A ranar 11 ga Satumba 2015, an naɗa ta a matsayin mataimakiyar Firayim Minista . <ref>{{Cite web |date=11 September 2015 |title=Dariga Nazarbayeva appointed Vice PM of Kazakhstan |url=http://www.inform.kz/eng/article/2817022 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180428094913/http://www.inform.kz/eng/article/2817022 |archive-date=28 April 2018 |access-date=17 December 2015 |publisher=Kazinform}}</ref> Nazarbayeva ta sake bayyana a jerin 'yan takarar Amanat a wani taro a ranar 25 ga Nuwamba 2020 inda ta bayyana a bainar jama'a a karon farko tun bayan korarta daga mukamin Shugabar Majalisar Dattawa, inda ta sake dawo da takararta kan kujerar Mäjilis. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Presse |first=AFP-Agence France |date=2020-11-25 |title=Ex-Kazakh President's Daughter Returns To Politics With Parliament Run |url=https://www.barrons.com/news/ex-kazakh-president-s-daughter-returns-to-politics-with-parliament-run-01606291205 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210121210630/https://www.barrons.com/news/ex-kazakh-president-s-daughter-returns-to-politics-with-parliament-run-01606291205 |archive-date=21 January 2021 |access-date=2021-01-15 |website=www.barrons.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Amanat ta ci gaba da rike iko a kan Mäjilis bayan zaben 'yan majalisa na 2021, inda ta lashe kujeru 76. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Putz |first=Catherine |date=2021-01-14 |title=Dariga Nazarbayeva Headed Back to Parliament |url=https://thediplomat.com/2021/01/dariga-nazarbayeva-headed-back-to-parliament/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210113162749/https://thediplomat.com/2021/01/dariga-nazarbayeva-headed-back-to-parliament/ |archive-date=13 January 2021 |access-date=2021-01-15 |website=thediplomat.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Daga nan, ta zama memba na Kwamitin Gyaran Tattalin Arziki da Ci Gaban Yankuna. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2021-01-15 |title=Дарига Назарбаева вошла в Комитет по экономическим реформам Мажилиса |url=https://tengrinews.kz/kazakhstan_news/dariga-nazarbaeva-voshla-komitet-ekonomicheskim-reformam-426069/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115075608/https://tengrinews.kz/kazakhstan_news/dariga-nazarbaeva-voshla-komitet-ekonomicheskim-reformam-426069/ |archive-date=15 January 2021 |access-date=2021-01-15 |website=Tengrinews.kz |language=ru}}</ref> ==== Ɗan Majalisar Dattawa (2016–2020) ==== [[Fayil:Dariga_Nazarbayeva_Senate_1.jpg|alt=|thumb|247x247px|Nazarbayeva a matsayin Shugabar Majalisar Dattawa]] A ranar 13 ga Satumba, 2016, aka naɗa Nazarbayeva a Majalisar Dattawa ; an naɗa ta a matsayin shugabar Kwamitin Harkokin Ƙasa da Ƙasashen Waje, Tsaro, da Tsaro na Majalisar Dattawa a ranar 16 ga Satumba. ==== Shugabar Majalisar Dattawa ==== A ranar da mahaifinta ya sauka daga shugabancin Kazakhstan, an nada Nazarbayeva a matsayin Shugabar Majalisar Dattawa a wani kuri'ar sirri da aka kada a ranar 20 ga Maris 2019. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Astrasheuskaya |first=Nastassia |date=20 March 2019 |title=Nazarbayev's daughter becomes Kazakh heir apparent |url=https://www.ft.com/content/beeb26dc-4af9-11e9-8b7f-d49067e0f50d |access-date=2019-03-20 |website=Financial Times |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ta maye gurbin Kassym-Jomart Tokayev a wannan mukamin, wanda ya zama mukaddashin shugaban kasar. <ref name=":1" /> A cewar [[New York Times|jaridar The New York Times]], wannan na iya zama wata alama da ke nuna cewa ana shirya Nazarbayeva ta zama shugabar kasa da kanta. An samu hasashe da dama cewa Nazarbayeva tana shirin takararta ta shugaban kasa a zaben shugaban kasa na 2019, inda aka bayyana cewa zargin karya ne a cewar mataimakiyarta ta kud da kud a ranar 9 ga Afrilu 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |last=tengrinews.kz |date=2019-04-09 |title=Будет ли Дарига Назарбаева участвовать в выборах президента |url=https://tengrinews.kz/kazakhstan_news/budet-li-dariga-nazarbaeva-uchastvovat-v-vyiborah-prezidenta-366808/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190410163227/https://tengrinews.kz/kazakhstan_news/budet-li-dariga-nazarbaeva-uchastvovat-v-vyiborah-prezidenta-366808/ |archive-date=10 April 2019 |access-date=2021-03-26 |website=Tengrinews.kz |language=ru}}</ref> A ranar 2 ga Mayu 2020, an cire ta daga Majalisar Dattawa da kuma matsayinta na Shugaba ta hannun Tokayev. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Daughter of former Kazakh leader leaves key Senate post |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-kazakhstan-nazarbayeva/daughter-of-former-kazakh-leader-leaves-senate-speaker-post-idUSKBN22E080 |access-date=2020-05-02 |website=Reuters |language=en-US}}</ref> Ra'ayoyi da dama sun taso cewa ko dai Tokayev yana faɗaɗa tasirinsa na siyasa ko kuma wata alama ce ta ƙaruwar takaddama tsakanin manyan masu mulki na Kazakhstan. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Welle (www.dw.com) |first=Deutsche |title=Президент Казахстана снял дочь Назарбаева с поста спикера сената {{!}} DW {{!}} 02.05.2020 |url=https://www.dw.com/ru/%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82-%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0-%D1%81%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%BB-%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%87%D1%8C-%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0-%D1%81-%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0-%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0-%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0/a-53309602 |access-date=2020-05-02 |website=DW.COM |language=ru-RU}}</ref> Wasu kuma sun yi iƙirarin cewa dalilin ya faru ne saboda badakalar jama'a game da ɗanta Aisultan da kuma shari'ar kotun Birtaniya wadda ta lalata sunanta da kuma darajar mahaifinta. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Putz |first=Catherine |date=2020-05-05 |title=Dariga Nazarbayeva Dismissed From Top Senate Seat |url=https://thediplomat.com/2020/05/dariga-nazarbayeva-dismissed-from-top-senate-seat/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200506012248/https://thediplomat.com/2020/05/dariga-nazarbayeva-dismissed-from-top-senate-seat/ |archive-date=6 May 2020 |access-date=2021-03-26 |website=thediplomat.com |language=en-US}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka da kayan ado == * {{Flag|Kazakhstan}}: ** [[Fayil:OrdenBars_1kl_rib.png|70x70px]] [[:ru:Орден «Барыс»|Order of the Leopard]], 1st class (2 December 2021)<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-12-13 |title=Нуртай Абыкаев, Дарига Назарбаева, Куаныш Султанов награждены орденом «Барыс» І степени |url=https://www.inform.kz/ru/nurtay-abykaev-dariga-nazarbaeva-kuanysh-sultanov-nagrazhdeny-ordenom-barys-i-stepeni_a3873754 |access-date=June 18, 2022}}</ref> ** [[Fayil:OrdenBars_1kl_rib.png|70x70px]] Order of the Leopard, 2nd class (December 2013)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Даригу Назарбаеву наградили орденом «Барыс» II степени |url=https://news.mail.ru/politics/16106505/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180401003847/https://news.mail.ru/politics/16106505/ |archive-date=April 1, 2018 |access-date=June 18, 2022}}</ref> ** [[Fayil:OrdenParasat.png|70x70px]] Order of Parasat (December 2004)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Дочки-орденочки. Даригу Назарбаеву удостоили "Парасата" |url=http://www.centrasia.ru/newsA.php?st=1103454000 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180401004340/http://www.centrasia.ru/newsA.php?st=1103454000 |archive-date=April 1, 2018 |access-date=June 18, 2022}}</ref> ** [[Fayil:MedalAstana.png|70x70px]] Astana Medal (17 August 1998) ** [[Fayil:Medal10RK.png|70x70px]] [[:ru:Медаль «10 лет независимости Республики Казахстан»|Medal "10 Years of Independence of the Republic of Kazakhstan"]] (2001)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ирония судьбы или…C юбилеем! |url=http://www.eurasia.org.ru/archive/2001/tribuna/12_21_ironia.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081202112656/http://www.eurasia.org.ru/archive/2001/tribuna/12_21_ironia.htm |archive-date=December 2, 2008 |access-date=June 18, 2022}}</ref> ** [[Fayil:Medal10Parlm.png|70x70px]] [[:ru:Медаль «10 лет Парламенту Республики Казахстан»|Medal "10 Years of the Parliament of the Republic of Kazakhstan"]] (7 November 2005) ** [[Fayil:Medal10Astana.png|70x70px]] Medal "10 Years of Astana" (6 May 2008) ** [[Fayil:Medal20RK.png|70x70px]] [[:ru:Медаль «20 лет независимости Республики Казахстан»|Medal "20 Years of Independence of the Republic of Kazakhstan"]] (2011) ** [[Fayil:Decoration_without_ribbon_-_en.svg|70x70px]] [[:ru:Медаль «20 лет тенге»|Medal "20 Years of Tenge"]] (September 2013) ** [[Fayil:Medal20Konstitution.png|70x70px]] [[:ru:Медаль «20 лет Конституции Республики Казахстан»|Medal "20 Years of the Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan"]] (5 August 2015) ** [[Fayil:Medal_Nur_Otan_Rib.png|70x70px]] Medal of Nur Otan (3 May 2013) ** [[Fayil:Decoration_without_ribbon_-_en.svg|70x70px]] Medal of the Constitutional Council of the Republic of Kazakhstan (30 August 2013) ** [[Fayil:Medal_20yer_Assambley_rib.png|70x70px]] Medal "20th Anniversary of the Assembly of the People of Kazakhstan" (14 March 2015) ** [[Fayil:Medal25RK.png|70x70px]] Medal "25 Years of Independence of the Republic of Kazakhstan" (2016) ** [[Fayil:Medal20Astana.png|70x70px]] Medal "20 Years of Astana" (30 June 2018) * {{Flag|CIS}}: ** [[Fayil:Decoration_without_ribbon_-_en.svg|70x70px]] [[:ru:Орден «Содружество»|Order of the Commonwealth]] (2017)<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-12-15 |title=Дарига Назарбаева получила орден ко Дню Независимости |url=https://baigenews.kz/news/dariga_nazarbaeva_nagrazhdena_gosudarstvennim_ordenom_ko_dnu_nezavisimosti/ |access-date=June 18, 2022}}</ref> ** [[Fayil:Decoration_without_ribbon_-_en.svg|70x70px]] Silver medal of the Inter-Parliamentary Assembly of the Commonwealth of Independent States, 20 years (27 March 2012) ** [[Fayil:Decoration_without_ribbon_-_en.svg|70x70px]] Medal of the Inter-Parliamentary Assembly of the Commonwealth of Independent States, 25 years (27 March 2017) * {{Flag|France}}: ** [[Fayil:Ordre_des_Arts_et_des_Lettres_Chevalier_ribbon.svg|70x70px]] Chevalier of the National Ordre des Arts et des Lettres (April 2009)<ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-04-10 |title=Дарига Назарбаева награждена французским Орденом искусств и литературы |url=https://nomad.su/index.php?a=3-200904100421 |access-date=June 18, 2022}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta sirri == === Iyali === [[Fayil:Rakhat_Aliyev.jpg|thumb|219x219px|Tsohon mijin Nazarbayeva, Rakhat Aliyev a 2007]] Nazarbayeva ta daɗe tana aure da ɗan kasuwa kuma ɗan siyasa Rakhat Aliyev na Kazakhstan har zuwa lokacin rabuwarsu a watan Yunin 2007. Aliyev ya riƙe manyan mukamai a hukumar leƙen asiri ta cikin gida da ma'aikatar harkokin waje ta Kazakhstan, daga baya kuma ya zama jakada a [[Austriya|Austria]] . A shekara ta 2004, an sami wata mace da ake zargin uwar gidan Aliyev ce a mace, bayan ta faɗi daga wani babban gini a [[Beirut]] . <ref name=":2" /> An kwace masa muƙaminsa a shekara ta 2007 bayan ya soki Shugaba Nazarbayev saboda canza kundin tsarin mulkin ƙasar don ba shi damar zama shugaban ƙasa har abada. <ref name=":2" /> Aliyev ya yi iƙirarin cewa an kashe sakinsa ba tare da izininsa ba, kuma Nazarbayev ne ya tilasta masa yin hakan. An yanke wa Aliyev hukunci a bayan fage bisa laifuka daban-daban a Kazakhstan. Austria ta ƙi miƙa shi, amma tana shirin gurfanar da shi a gaban kuliya saboda sacewa da kisan jami'an banki biyu na Kazakhstan. Kafin shari'ar, an same shi a mace a ɗakin yarin Austria saboda zargin kashe kansa. Nazarbayeva tana da 'ya'ya maza biyu tare da Aliyev, Nurali da Aisultan, da kuma 'ya mace Venera. Ita ma kaka ce. Matar Nurali ta haifi Laura Aliyeva a shekarar 2013. A ranar 23 ga Janairun 2020, ɗan Nazarbayeva, Aisultan, ya yi wata sanarwa a bainar jama'a a shafinsa na Facebook, yana mai cewa kakansa Nazarbayev mahaifinsa ne, kuma mahaifiyarsa Nazarbayeva tana ƙoƙarin kashe shi yayin da yake zaune a [[Landan]] . <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2025)">an buƙaci ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Nazarbayeva ba ta ba da amsa ba game da shari'ar da ɗanta ya yi. Washegari a ranar 24 ga Janairu, wata 'yar jarida mace daga RFE/RL ta yi ƙoƙarin karɓar amsa daga Nazarbayeva game da ikirarin ɗanta yayin da take wucewa a cikin zauren ginin Majalisar Dokoki inda ɗaya daga cikin masu tsaron Nazarbayeva ya kama ɗan jaridar da hannu ya rufe bakinta. A ranar 16 ga Agusta 2020, an sami Aisultan a mace a Landan, inda ake zargin cewa musabbabin mutuwarsa ya faru ne sakamakon bugun zuciya . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Grandson of Kazakhstan's first president Nazarbayev died in London |url=https://tass.com/society/1190193 |access-date=2020-08-16 |website=TASS}}</ref> Dangane da lamarin, Nazarbayeva ta ce "iyalina sun yi matuƙar baƙin ciki da rashin ƙaunatacciyar Aisultan ɗinmu kuma muna neman sirri a wannan mawuyacin lokaci." <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-08-16 |title=Дарига Назарбаева высказалась о смерти Айсултана |url=https://liter.kz/dariga-nazarbaeva-vyskazalas-o-smerti-ajsultana/ |access-date=2020-08-16 |website=Liter.kz |language=ru-RU}}</ref> === Ayyukan bakin teku === [[Fayil:221B_Baker_Street,_London_-_Sherlock_Holmes_Museum.jpg|left|thumb|222x222px|Ana kyautata zaton mallakar Nazarbayeva ne mallakar titin Baker 221B, wanda aka fi sani da Gidan Tarihi na Sherlock Holmes]] A shekarar 2018, Panama Papers ta bayyana cewa Nazarbayeva ita ce kaɗai mai hannun jari a wani kamfanin sukari na ƙasashen waje da ke Tsibirin British Virgin wanda ke gudanar da kasuwanci a Kazakhstan. An kuma ambaci ɗanta, Nurali, a cikin jaridun a matsayin abokin cinikin Mossack Fonseca da ke Panama, kuma yana da kamfanoni biyu da jirgin ruwa mai tsada waɗanda aka yi wa rijista a Tsibirin British Virgin. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kazakhstan: Presidential daughter getting Panama-ed at a tricky time |url=https://eurasianet.org/kazakhstan-presidential-daughter-getting-panama-ed-at-a-tricky-time |access-date=2019-03-21 |website=Eurasianet |language=en}}</ref> <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=EDT |first=Damien Sharkov On 4/25/16 at 7:56 AM |date=2016-04-25 |title=Kazakhstan won't investigate #PanamaPaper links to the president's family |url=https://www.newsweek.com/kazakhstan-refuses-investigate-panama-papers-links-presidents-family-451996 |access-date=2019-03-21 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> A cewar ''Newsweek'', "wannan ya saba wa roƙon da Nazarbayev ke yi wa 'yan kasuwa a ƙasar mai arzikin mai da su biya haraji a Kazakhstan." <ref name=":0" /> Panama Papers kuma sun nuna cewa tana iya zama mamallakin, ta hanyar wani kamfani na waje, na 221B Baker Street, kadarar da ta kai dala miliyan 183 da aka san ta da adireshin almara na Sherlock Holmes . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Haldevang |first=Max de |date=5 April 2018 |title=The unsolved mystery of who owns Sherlock Holmes's original £130 million home |url=https://qz.com/1245110/the-unsolved-mystery-of-who-owns-sherlock-holmes-130-million-home/ |access-date=2019-03-21 |website=Quartz |language=en}}</ref> A ranar 10 ga Maris 2020, wata kotun Burtaniya ta sanar da sunayen masu kadarorin da darajarsu ta kai dala miliyan 100, wadanda aka bayar da takardar shaidar UWO a bazarar 2019. Masu kadarorin sun kasance Nazarbayeva da babban ɗanta, Nurali Aliyev, tare da matarsa Aida. Wakilin wadanda ake kara a zaman sauraron karar ya bayyana cewa masu kadarorin za su iya tabbatar da asalin kudaden, tunda a wancan lokacin suna cikin kasuwanci. <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 March 2010 |title=Unexplained Wealth Order focuses on London mansion |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-51809718 |access-date=30 April 2020 |website=BBC}}</ref> A watan Afrilu, Babbar Kotun Shari'a ta bayyana ikirarin da hukumomin tsaro na Burtaniya suka yi ba su da tushe kuma sakamakon haka, an soke karar. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Milligan |first=Ellen |date=April 8, 2020 |title=Family Wins Fight With U.K. Cops Over 'Billionaire Row' Home |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-04-08/family-win-fight-with-u-k-cops-over-billionaire-row-mansion |access-date=30 April 2020 |website=Bloomberg}}</ref> === Dukiya === A cewar ''mujallar Forbes'' a shekarar 2013, dukiyarta ta kai kimanin dala miliyan 595. Ta hanyar shigarta cikin kamfanoni kamar su Europe Plus Kazakhstan JSC, NTK, AlmaInvestHolding, Almatystroysnab LLP, da ALMA TV. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Дарига Назарбаева — Forbes Казахстан |url=https://forbes.kz/ranking/object/111 |access-date=21 March 2019 |website=www.forbes.kz/}}</ref> Ta kuma kafa babban gidan talabijin na Kazakhstan, Khabar Agency . == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1964]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] sabvmklfr0bzpxdoi73etacwgivctjk 0 146225 826632 812016 2026-04-26T10:45:58Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826632 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Laftanar na Biyu '''Elaine A. Roe''' jami'a ce a rundunar sojin Amurka a lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu]] . An ba ta lambar yabo ta Silver Star saboda ayyukanta a lokacin Operation Shingle . == Aiki == Roe da sauran ma'aikatan jinya da ke aiki a lokacin - Mary Roberts, Rita Rourke, da Ellen Ainsworth - su ne mata na farko da aka bai wa kyautar. [1] An ambaci kyautar da ta bayar kamar haka: ''Shugaban ƙasar Amurka, wanda Dokar Majalisa ta ba da izini a ranar 9 ga Yuli, 1918, ya yi farin cikin gabatar da Tauraron Azurfa ga Laftanar Elaine A. Roe, Rundunar Ma'aikatan Jinya ta Sojojin Amurka, don jarumtaka a ranar 10 ga Fabrairu, 1944, kusa da Anzio, Italiya. A lokacin da aka yi ruwan harsasai mai ƙarfi a Asibitin Fili na 33d da manyan bindigogin maƙiya, an fesa dukkan yankin asibitin da tarkacen harsashi wanda ya kashe ma'aikatan jinya biyu kuma ya raunata wasu sojoji. An yanke wayoyin wutar lantarki kuma an kashe fitilun. Tare da yin amfani da fitilun lantarki, Laftanar Elaine Roe da Laftanar Rita Rourke sun fara kwashe marasa lafiya arba'in da biyu cikin tsari yayin da suke kwantar da hankalin wasu da suka firgita kuma suna ƙoƙarin barin gadajensu. A duk lokacin harsasai, wanda ya haɗa da fashewar iska ta abokan gaba, sun nuna sanyin hali da jarumtaka mai ban mamaki kuma suka ci gaba da rashin kulawa da lafiyarsu gaba ɗaya. Tunani mai sauri, ƙwarewa a ƙarƙashin yanayi mai ban tsoro da kuma la'akari da aminci na Laftanar Roe da Laftanar Rourke don jin daɗin marasa lafiyarsu, ya hana rudani wanda wataƙila ya zama mai mahimmanci, kuma ya zama abin wahayi ga mutanen da aka yi wa aiki a ƙarƙashin kulawarsu. Ayyukansu sun nuna mafi kyawun al'adun Sojojin Amurka da Rundunar Ma'aikatan Jinya ta Sojoji.'' Gidanta na tarihi shine Whitewater, Wisconsin . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Elaine Roe - Recipient - |url=http://valor.militarytimes.com/recipient.php?recipientid=111395 |access-date=2026-03-22 |archive-date=2020-01-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200126073919/https://valor.militarytimes.com/hero/111395 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Manazarta == i8d3omdsb2jog42whtvbhktjvj7m7zc 0 146350 826400 812269 2026-04-26T04:55:52Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826400 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Doris Troth Lippman''' Farfesa ce a fannin jinya a Makarantar jinya ta Jami'ar Fairfield da ke Fairfield, CT . Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin Nursar da aka yi rajista a Fairfield Community Services a Fairfield, CT. Lippman ya yi aiki a matsayin kyaftin a cikin Sojojin Sojojin Amurka a lokacin 1967-1968 yana aiki a Asibitin Sojojin Mobile (M.A.S.H.) a lokacin Yaƙin Vietnam . Ta kasance Mataimakin Shugaban Shirin Tunawa da Mata na Vietnam inda ta kasance mai aiki sosai wajen samun amincewa don kudaden ta da kuma bayyanawa a National Mall a [[Washington, D.C.|Washington, DC]]. Don kokarin da ta yi, an ba Lippman lambar yabo ta Military Order of the Purple Heart a shekara ta 2003. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=http://www.fairfield.edu/documents/academic/sonpulsefall05.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930205512/http://www.fairfield.edu/documents/academic/sonpulsefall05.pdf |archive-date=2007-09-30 |access-date=2007-02-03}}</ref> Ta kasance Shugabar Kungiyar Nurses ta Connecticut, wacce ta ba Lippman babbar daraja, Diamond Jubilarian Agnes Ohlson Award, saboda gudummawar da ta bayar ga aikin jinya ta hanyar siyasa. Kuma a shekara ta 2005, an shigar da ita a matsayin Fellow na Kwalejin Nursing ta Amurka . [1] Lippman ta sami digiri na farko na kimiyya a fannin jinya daga [[Cornell|Jami'ar Cornell]], mashahurin zane-zane daga Jami'an Fairfield, da kuma mashahuri da digiri na biyu a ilimi daga Jami'a ta Columbia. Ita da mijinta, Dokta Kenneth Lippman, suna zaune a Westport, Connecticut . == Haɗin waje == * [http://www.fairfield.edu/son_dlippman.html Doris Lippman, EdD, APRN,BC, FAAN]{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}  * [https://web.archive.org/web/20081113125431/http://www.fairfield.edu/son_index.html Makarantar Nursing ta Jami'ar Fairfield] * [http://www.vietnamwomensmemorial.org/intro.html Gidauniyar Tunawa da Mata ta Vietnam]{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] gd97vtkb9yga3dnydnuun91c4c5dh6w 0 146387 826552 812450 2026-04-26T07:48:20Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826552 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Dünýägözel Akmuhammedowna Gulmanowa''' (an haife shi 14 Janairu 1989) ɗan siyasan Turkmen ne a halin yanzu yana aiki a matsayin kakakin majalisar dokokin [[Turkmenistan]] .<ref name=candidate>{{citation |title=БИОГРАФИИ КАНДИДАТОВ ПО ВЫБОРАМ В ДЕПУТАТЫ МЕДЖЛИСА ТУРКМЕНИСТАНА ПО ГОРОДу АШХАБАД, которые пройдут 26 марта 2023 года |trans-title=BIOGRAPHIES OF CANDIDATES FOR ELECTIONS TO DEPUTY OF THE MEJLIS OF TURKMENISTAN IN THE CITY OF ASHGABAT, which will be held on March 26, 2023 |date=6 March 2023 |publisher=[[Neytralny Turkmenistan]] |language=ru |url=https://metbugat.gov.tm/newspaper/download?id=9906 |access-date=23 March 2026 |archive-date=18 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318011124/https://metbugat.gov.tm/newspaper/download?id=9906 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=candidate-tk>{{citation |url=https://metbugat.gov.tm/newspaper/download?id=9904 |publisher=Türkmenistan |date=6 March 2023 |language=tk |title=2023-nji ýylyň 26-njy martynda geçiriljek Türkmenistanyň Mejlisiniň deputatlarynyň saýlawlary boýunça Aşgabat şäherinden dalaşgärleriň TERJIMEHALLARY |trans-title=BIOGRAPHIES OF CANDIDATES FOR ELECTIONS TO DEPUTY OF THE MEJLIS OF TURKMENISTAN IN THE CITY OF ASHGABAT, which will be held on March 26, 2023 |access-date=23 March 2026 |archive-date=18 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318011125/https://metbugat.gov.tm/newspaper/download?id=9904 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Gulmanowa a ranar 14 ga Janairu, 1989 a [[Ashgabat]] . Daga 1995 zuwa 2004, ta yi karatu a Makarantar Sakandare ta Musamman mai lamba 27 a Ashgabat. Daga 2004 zuwa 2006, ta kasance manomi mai haya a Ƙungiyar Manoma ta Bagyr a tsohon ƙauyen Bagyr na Lardin Ahal ..<ref name=candidate/><ref name=candidate-tk/> Daga 2006 zuwa 2007, ta yi aiki a matsayin ƙaramar jami'ar lafiya a tsohon Asibitin Gundumar Ruhabat na Lardin Ahal. A shekarar 2007 ta fara karatu a Jami'ar Jihar Turkmen, kuma ta kammala karatun digiri a fannin shari'a a shekarar 2012. Daga 2012 zuwa 2014, ta yi aiki a matsayin babbar mai ba da shawara a Cibiyar Ba da Bayani kan Shari'a da kuma Sashen Dokar Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Sashen Dokoki na Ma'aikatar Shari'a . Daga 2014 zuwa 2015, ta yi aiki a matsayin babbar mai ba da shawara a Sashen Albarkatun Dan Adam da Kula da Ladabtar Zartarwa na Ma'aikatar Shari'a. Daga 2015 zuwa 2016 ta yi aiki a matsayin mai horar da lauyoyi na jiha a Ofishin Lauyoyi na Jihar Ashgabat. Daga 2016 zuwa 2018 Gulmanowa ta yi aiki a ayyuka da dama a Ma'aikatar Shari'a da kuma gwamnatin birnin Ashgabat. Daga 2018 zuwa 2021, Gulmanowa ta yi aiki a matsayin babbar mai ba da shawara a sashen dokokin tattalin arziki da kuma rajistar dokoki na jiha na Sashen Dokoki na Ma'aikatar Shari'a. A ranar 14 ga Afrilu, 2021, an naɗa Gulmanova a Majalisar Jama'a ta Turkmenistan bisa umarnin shugaban ƙasa. Daga 2021 zuwa 2023, ta yi aiki a matsayin mataimakiyar shugaba sannan kuma Shugabar Kwamitin Kare Haƙƙoƙin Ɗan Adam da 'Yancin Majalisar Jama'ar Turkmenistan . Tun daga watan Janairun 2023 ta zama babbar mai ba da shawara a Sashen Notaries da Rijistar Dokokin Matsayin Jama'a na Sashen Taimakon Shari'a na Ma'aikatar Shari'a. A watan Maris na 2023 ta tsaya takarar zama 'yar majalisar Turkmen ( Turkmen ) daga gundumar majalisa ta 5 ta Ashgabat. A ranar 6 ga Afrilu 2023 aka zaɓe ta a matsayin shugabar majalisar dokoki baki ɗaya. == Rayuwa ta sirri == Gulmanowa tana da aure kuma tana da 'ya'ya biyu. Ita memba ce a Jam'iyyar Democrat ta Turkmenistan. == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1989]] 2cixpokxytdi1gueglgn6wltsd8dnif 0 146466 826379 812819 2026-04-26T00:47:41Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826379 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {| class="infobox vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;" |<div class="fn" style="display:inline;">Djaili Amadou Amal</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Djaili-Amadou-Amal.jpg|frameless|Djaili Amadou Amal at the [[Festival Atlantide]], [[Nantes]], 2021]]<div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:1.4em;">Djaili Amadou Amal a [[Festival Atlantide|Bikin Atlantis]], [[Nantes]], 2021</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;" |An haife shi | class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;" |1975 (shekaru 50-51) <div class="birthplace">[[Diamare]], [[Cameroon|Kamaru]]</div>&nbsp;<br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;" |Ƙasar | class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.4em;" |[[Cameroon|Kamaru]] |} '''Djaili Amadou Amal''' marubuciya ce ta [[Kamaru]], kuma mai fafutukar kare hakkin mata.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cameroonian Djaili Amadou Amal is 'Impatient' – DW – 03/30/2022 |url=https://www.dw.com/en/why-cameroonian-author-djaili-amadou-amal-is-impatient/a-61300677 |access-date=2025-03-23 |website=dw.com |language=en}}</ref> == Rayuwa == Djaili Amadou Amal 'yar asalin ƙasar [[Fulani|Fula]] ce, 'yar asalin Diamare a yankin Far North na [[Kamaru]] . Ta girma a babban birnin yankin, [[Marwa|Maroua]] . Ta rubuta game da al'adun [[Fulani|Fulbe]] kuma tana bincika matsalolin zamantakewa na zamani da na gargajiya. Ayyukanta suna fuskantar matsalolin mata a cikin al'ummar Fulani, da kuma matsalolin zamantakewa a yankinta, [[Sahel]], musamman nuna bambanci ga mata. Daga cikin litattafanta akwai ''Walaande'', wanda shine kalmar [[Fillanci|Fulfulde]] don hadin kan aure, yana magance batun [[auren mata da yawa]] tsakanin Fulani waɗanda ke yin auren mata da dama.<ref name="Louabalbe">{{Cite web |last=Louabalbé |first=Prospère |title=Djaili Amadou Amal, la voix des femmes sans voix |url=http://www.leseptentrion.net/2012/03/djaili-amadou-amal-la-voix-des-femmes-sans-voix/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140201190431/http://www.leseptentrion.net/2012/03/djaili-amadou-amal-la-voix-des-femmes-sans-voix/ |archive-date=1 February 2014 |access-date=27 January 2014 |publisher=Le Septentrion}}</ref> ''Walaande'' ya ba da labarin mata huɗu waɗanda suka yarda da "ƙwarewar raba miji".<ref name="Thierry">{{Cite web |last=Thierry |first=Raphaël |title=Walaande, l'art de partager un mari |url=http://www.africultures.com/php/?nav=article&no=10867 |access-date=27 January 2014 |publisher=Africultures}}</ref> Biyu daga cikin sauran litattafanta sune Mistiriijo da La Mangeuse d'âmes (a Turanci, The Eater of Souls). Tana rubutu mafi yawa a cikin harshen Faransanci.<ref name="Louabalbe"/><ref name="Thierry"/> Littafinta The Impatients an sanya shi cikin jerin sunayen don Prix Goncourt na 2020 kuma ya lashe Prix Goncoort des Lycéens . A shekara ta 2012, ta kafa kuma tana gudanar da Femmes du Sahel, ƙungiyar da aka keɓe don inganta ilimi da ci gaban mata a yankin Sahel . == Sanarwa == A ranar 2 ga Disamba 2020, Djaïli Amadou tare da littafinta Les Impatientes ta lashe lambar yabo ta 33 ta Faransanci Prix Goncourt des Lycéens a matsayin marubuciyar Afirka ta farko da ta kai wasan karshe na gasar adabi. <ref>{{Cite web |date=February 12, 2020 |title=Cameroon’s Djaïli Amadou Amal Wins Prestigious French Literary Award |url=https://www.africanews.com/2020/12/02/cameroon-s-djaili-amadou-amal-wins-prestigious-french-literary-award/ |website=Africanews}}</ref> Za a kuma lissafa littafin a matsayin Choix Goncourt de l'Orient a ranar 8 ga Disamba 2020, Choix Goncaurt UK <ref>{{Cite web |title=Le Choix Goncourt de l’Orient aux " Impatientes " de Djaïli Amadou Amal |url=https://www.auf.org/nouvelles/actualites/le-choix-goncourt-de-lorient-aux-impatientes-de-djaili-amadou-amal/ |access-date=2026-03-24 |archive-date=2024-12-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241203155548/https://www.auf.org/nouvelles/actualites/le-choix-goncourt-de-lorient-aux-impatientes-de-djaili-amadou-amal/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> a ranar 18 ga Maris 2021, da kuma Choix Gon court Tunisia a ranar 3 ga Afrilu, 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lamnaouer |first=Leila |date=March 19, 2021 |title=L'auteure camerounaise Djaïli Amadou Amal remporte le Choix Goncourt UK |url=https://london.frenchmorning.com/2021/03/19/lauteure-camerounaise-djaili-amadou-amal-remporte-le-choix-goncourt-uk/}}</ref> An zabi fassarar Jamusanci na taken a watan Maris na shekara ta 2023 a cikin wani rukuni da za a ba da kyautar a watan Oktoba ta juriyar matasa na Deutscher Jugendliteraturpreis . <ref>{{Cite web |title=Deutscher Jugendliteratur Preis 2023 Nominierungen |url=https://www.jugendliteratur.org/_uploads_media/files/djlp_2023_nominierungsfolder_de_web_111343.pdf |access-date=2023-03-23 |website=Arbeitskreis für Jugendliteratur |format=PDF}}</ref> Komawa a Kamaru, an nada marubucin a matsayin Jakadan Goodwill na [[UNICEF]] a ranar 5 ga Maris 2021 <ref>{{Cite web |date=March 8, 2021 |title=Cameroon:Award-winning writer Amadou Djaili appointed |url=https://www.journalducameroun.com/en/cameroonaward-winning-writer-amadou-djaili-appointed-unicef-ambasador/}}</ref> don tallafawa kungiyar a cikin fafutukar kare hakkin yara. == Bayanan littattafai == * ''Walaande'', ''fasahar raba miji'', editions Ifrikiya, [[Yaounde|Yaoundé]], 2010, 134 p., {{ISBN|9956-473-35-9}} * ''Mistiriijo, mai cin rayuka'', Ifrikiya, Yaoundé, 2013, {{ISBN|978-9956-473-85-4}} * ''Munyal, hawaye na haƙuri'', editions Proximité, Yaoundé, 2017 {{ISBN|978-9956-429-54-7}} * [Hotuna a shafi na 9] , - lambar yabo ta Goncourt na ɗaliban makarantar sakandare ta 2020.{{ISBN|978-2-490155-25-5}} * [Hasiya] * Harem na sarki, Paris, Ina da Lu, 2024, 288 p. * [Hasiya] == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Haɗin waje == * [http://www.africultures.com/php/?nav=personne&no=31158 Tarihi a cikin Al'adun Afirka] * [http://www.ouest-france.fr/bretagne/dinard-35800/djaili-amadou-amal-la-voix-des-femmes-3420935 Tattaunawa da Djaili Amadou Amal, Yammacin Faransa] * [http://www.letelegramme.fr/ille-et-vilaine/dinard/mediatheque-rencontre-avec-djaili-amadou-amal-vendredi-20-05-2015-10634793.php Djaili Amadou Amal a fadin Faransa] * [http://www.editafrica.com/tag/djaili-amadou-amal/ Djaïli Amadou Amal a cikin Labaran wallafe-wallafen da littafin a Afirka] {{Authority control}} [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1975]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] pwv6rchetilorndp36yjcxmhxsxhhc3 0 146639 826380 813854 2026-04-26T00:49:23Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826380 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Djoueria Abdallah''' 'yar siyasa ce 'yar [[Komoros|ƙasar Comoros]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Mulher no Parlamento da União das Comores |language=Portuguese |publisher=Panapress |date=2004-02-28 |url=http://www.panapress.com/freenewspor.asp?code=por012107&dte=02/08/2004 |accessdate=2008-04-16 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20050112202136/http://www.panapress.com/freenewspor.asp?code=por012107&dte=02%2F08%2F2004 |archivedate=2005-01-12 }}</ref> Ungozoma ce daga ƙauyen Mitsamiouli. Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin memba na Majalisar Tarayyar.<ref>{{cite news |title=Mulher no Parlamento da União das Comores |language=Portuguese |publisher=Panapress |date=2004-02-28 |url=http://www.panapress.com/freenewspor.asp?code=por012107&dte=02/08/2004 |accessdate=2008-04-16 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20050112202136/http://www.panapress.com/freenewspor.asp?code=por012107&dte=02%2F08%2F2004 |archivedate=2005-01-12 }}</ref> Ta wakilci mazaɓar farko ta [[Grande Comore|Ngazidja]]. <ref>{{Cite journal |date=2004-04-18 |title=Elections législatives : Sont déclarées candidats aux élections législatives de l'Union des Comores les personnes dont les noms suivent |url=http://www.comores-online.com/Comores-infosweb/archives/Comores-infos105.htm |url-status=usurped |journal=Comores-Infos |language=French |volume=105 |issn=1620-7289 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120728105443/http://www.comores-online.com/Comores-infosweb/archives/Comores-infos105.htm |archive-date=28 July 2012 |access-date=2008-04-16}}</ref> Ya zuwa shekarar 2007, har yanzu ita ce mace ɗaya tilo da ta taɓa zama 'yar Majalisa a ƙasar. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2007-05-25 |title=Les conditions de la Femme aux Comores - Le travail |url=http://www.holambecomores.com/public/article990.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080126195921/http://www.holambecomores.com/public/article990.html |archive-date=2008-01-26 |access-date=2008-04-16 |publisher=Holambe Comores |language=French}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * {{Cite web |title=List of Comorian MPs |url=http://www.auc.km/first51.php |access-date=2008-04-16 |publisher=Website of the [[Assembly of the Union of the Comoros]] |language=French }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}   [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 3r8kpj2erk2gltpnmjco8mlovqujrp7 0 146697 826266 814131 2026-04-25T15:36:03Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826266 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Databox}} Célestine Ketcha Courtès (an haife ta a ranar 13 ga Oktoba 1964) 'yar siyasa ce 'yar Kamaru wacce ke aiki a matsayin magajin garin Bangangté kuma shugabar ƙungiyar mata ta Afirka da aka zaɓa a yankin (a cikin Faransanci, Réseau des Femmes Elues Locales d'Afrique, wacce aka fi sani da REFELA). == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == == Sana'a == Courtès ta yi aiki a matsayin babbar jami'ar tallace-tallace da tallatawa ta Dimenteries du Cameroon. Ta shiga ƙungiyar 'yan adawa ta Kamaru saboda sha'awarta ga [[Jerin shugabannin ƙasar Kameru|Shugaba]] [[Paul Biya]], <ref name="bridge">{{Cite web |last=Tcheungna |first=Rachel |date=27 July 2016 |title=Dans la ligne de mire : Courtès et le Commonwealth/ Personnalité diplomatique Locale: Avec le Brexit au cœur du débat diplomatique international, The Bridge Magazine trouve opportun d'interviewer Célestine Ketcha Courtès, l'un des maires les plus influents dans le monde. |url=http://the-bridge-magazine.com/dans-la-ligne-de-mire-courtes-et-le-commonwealth-personnalite-diplomatique-locale-avec-le-brexit-au-coeur-du-debat-diplomatique-international-bridge-magazine-trouve-opportun-dinte/ |access-date=29 January 2017 |website=The Bridge Magazine |language=French}}</ref> kuma ta zama shugabar ƙungiyar mata ta OFRDPC. <ref name="elle">{{Cite web |last=Laurent-Simon |first=Caroline |date=12 September 2014 |title=Véritable "tsunami "selon ses proches, cette énergique businesswoman camerounaise, maire de Bangangté, permet à 150 000 personnes d'avoir bientôt accès à l'eau courante. Le fruit d'un véritable parcours de combattante, saluépar les Nations unies |url=http://www.queenfish.co.im/Downloads/Elle%20Magazine%2012%20Sep%202014.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150714060537/http://www.queenfish.co.im/Downloads/Elle |archive-date=14 July 2015 |access-date=29 January 2017 |website=Elle |language=French}}</ref> An zaɓe Courtès a matsayin magajin garin kwaminisancin Bangangté a yankin Ndé na yankin Yamma a shekara ta 2007. <ref name="local">{{Cite web |date=4 December 2015 |title=La camerounaise Célestine Ketcha Courtès accède au trône du Refela |url=https://www.lebledparle.com/du-bled/1100713-la-camerounaise-celestine-ketcha-courtes-accede-au-trone-du-refela |access-date=29 January 2017 |website=Le Bled Parle |language=French}}</ref> Ita ce [[Uwar Sarauniya|Sarauniyar]] Bangangté da Bangoulap. <ref name="diplomat">{{Cite web |last=Aaron |first=Onana N. |date=2 December 2015 |title=Diplomatie: Célestine Ketcha Courtès prend les rênes du Réseau des Femmes Elues Locales d'Afrique (REFELA) |url=http://www.africapresse.com/diplomatie-celestine-ketcha-courtes-prend-les-renes-du-reseau-des-femmes-elues-locales-dafrique-refela/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420120245/http://www.africapresse.com/diplomatie-celestine-ketcha-courtes-prend-les-renes-du-reseau-des-femmes-elues-locales-dafrique-refela/ |archive-date=20 April 2019 |access-date=29 January 2017 |website=Africa Presse |language=French}}</ref> Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakiyar Shugabar Ƙungiyar Taimako da Ci Gaban Birni, Shugaban Panthère du Ndé, Jakadan [[Faransanci na Afirka|Afirka mai magana da Faransanci]] a Ƙungiyar Aiki [[Tarayyar Turai|ta Tarayyar Turai]] kan Tsarin Tattaunawa kan Taimako. <ref name="diplomat" /> Courtès ta kafa wani kamfani mai suna Queen Fish Cameroon, wanda ya nemi karya ikon mallakar Congelcam. <ref name="terrain">{{Cite web |last=Le Beau |first=Ayissi |date=29 October 2012 |title=Les femmes d'affaires gagnent du terrain au Cameroun |url=http://www.agenceecofin.com/index.php?option=com_k2&view=item&id=7305:les-femmes-d%25E2%2580%2599affaires-gagnent-du-terrain-au-cameroun&Itemid=96&tmpl=component&print=1 |access-date=29 January 2017 |website=Agence Ecofin |language=French}}</ref> Bayan rasuwar mahaifiyarta, ta kafa gidauniyar agaji don tunawa da ita mai suna "La Case à la Table Ouverte de Maman Pauline." <ref name="bridge"/> A watan Yunin 2014, ta sami lambar yabo ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan ayyukan jin kai a wani biki a [[Seoul]] saboda aikinta na agaji don wani aiki da aka yi niyya don samar da ruwan sha ga dukkan mazauna Bangangté, tare da cimma [[Manufofin Ci Gaban Shekaru Dubu|burin ci gaban karni]] . <ref name="queen">{{Cite web |date=12 September 2014 |title=Queen Fish News |url=http://www.queenfish.co.im/FFNews.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180810052255/http://www.queenfish.co.im/FFNews.html |archive-date=10 August 2018 |access-date=29 January 2017 |publisher=Queen Fish}}</ref> <ref name="elle"/> A watan Yulin 2011, an shigar da ƙara daga ɗan uwan Courtès, mai hannun jari a wani kamfani makamancin haka, yana zargin ta da rashin bin ƙa'ida a harkokin kasuwancinta. <ref name="elle"/> Kotun Gundumar Wouri ta yanke mata hukuncin ɗaurin shekara ɗaya tare da afuwa na shekaru uku bayan ta same ta da laifin jabu da cin zarafin kadarorin zamantakewa da basussuka. An kuma umarce ta da ta biya tarar [[CFA franc na Tsakiyar Afrika|CFA]] miliyan 15. <ref name="fish">{{Cite web |date=12 June 2015 |title=Célestine Ketcha sentenced to one year in prison |url=http://www.cameroonweb.com/CameroonHomePage/NewsArchive/C-lestine-Ketcha-sentenced-to-one-year-in-prison-317490 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420120250/https://www.cameroonweb.com/CameroonHomePage/NewsArchive/C-lestine-Ketcha-sentenced-to-one-year-in-prison-317490 |archive-date=20 April 2019 |access-date=29 January 2017 |website=Cameroon Web}}</ref> A ranar 8 ga Janairun 2015, Kotun Ɗaukaka Ƙara ta amince da hukuncin kotun gundumar amma ta rage hukuncin zuwa tarar Cfa 167,100 da kuma tsarewa na watanni tara. <ref name="fish" /> Ana ɗaukaka ƙarar zuwa Kotun Ƙoli . A ƙarshen wa'adin magajin garin a shekarar 2013, Courtès ta kasance 'yar takarar Majalisar Dokoki ta Ƙasa kuma an soki ta da riƙe 'yancin zama ɗan ƙasa biyu a ƙasar da ba ta amince da ita ba da kuma kaɗa ƙuri'a a zaɓen Faransa. <ref name="candidate">{{Cite web |date=30 July 2013 |title=Cameroun. La double nationalité de Célestine Ketcha suscite la polémique |url=http://www.cameroonvoice.com/news/article-news-11852.html |access-date=29 January 2017 |website=Cameroon Voice |language=French |archive-date=20 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420120245/http://www.cameroonvoice.com/news/article-news-11852.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> An sake zaɓenta a matsayin magajin gari a watan Satumba na 2013 na wani wa'adi har zuwa 2018, <ref name="elle"/> amma ta fuskanci suka game da shugabancinta, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ndanga |first=Alain |date=12 January 2016 |title=BIP 2015 : Célestine Ketcha prise en flagrant délit |url=http://www.africapresse.com/bip-2015-celestine-ketcha-prise-en-flagrant-delit/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180617165633/http://www.africapresse.com/bip-2015-celestine-ketcha-prise-en-flagrant-delit/ |archive-date=17 June 2018 |access-date=29 January 2017 |website=Africa Presse |language=French}}</ref> da kuma yabo a matsayin abin koyi na jagoranci a Afirka a fafutukar daidaito. <ref name="determination">{{Cite web |last=Juompan-Yakam |first=Clarisse |date=28 June 2016 |title=Célestine Ketcha Courtès, la détermination à toute épreuve |url=http://www.jeuneafrique.com/mag/334842/politique/celestine-ketcha-courtes-determination-a-toute-epreuve/ |access-date=29 January 2017 |website=Jeanue Afrique |language=French}}</ref> A watan Afrilun 2015, ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin mutane uku da aka zaɓa don kyautar José Eduardo dos Santos don kyaututtukan magajin garin Afirka, nau'in ƙananan birane. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Hilton Ndukong |first=Kimeng |date=28 April 2015 |title=Cameroon: African Mayor Awards – Bangante Mayor Shortlisted for Angolan President's Prize |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201504281494.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202103742/http://allafrica.com/stories/201504281494.html |archive-date=2 February 2017 |access-date=29 January 2017 |website=All Africa}}</ref> A ranar 1 ga Disamba, 2015, Courtès ta zama Shugabar Ƙungiyar Matan Afirka da aka zaɓa a Yankinsu, tana wakiltar yankin Afirka ta Tsakiya, inda ta maye gurbin Fatimatou Abdel Malick 'yar ƙasar Mauritius . <ref name="local"/> Ƙungiyar, wacce aka kafa a [[Tanja|Tangier]] a watan Maris na 2011, ta haɗa mata da aka zaɓa a mukaman gwamnatocin ƙananan hukumomi. <ref name="local" /> <ref name="diplomat"/> <ref name="cities">{{Cite magazine|url-status=45–46}}{{Dead link|date=January 2020}}</ref> Ta taɓa shugabancin yankin Afirka ta Tsakiya kuma ta ƙirƙiri tsarin ƙasashe a [[Cadi|Chadi]], [[Gabon]], [[Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kwango|Jamhuriyar Dimokuraɗiyyar Kongo]] da [[Afirka ta Tsakiya (ƙasa)|Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya]] . <ref name="diplomat" /> Courtès abokiyar [[Anne Hidalgo]] ce ta kud da kud, magajin garin Paris. <ref name="determination" /> <ref name="bridge" /> A watan Janairun 2016, ta karɓi tawagar Ofishin Jakadancin Amurka ƙarƙashin jagorancin Jami'ar Harkokin Al'adu Merlyn Schultz, wacce ta taya ta murna kan "jagorancinta mai kyau". <ref>{{Cite web |date=January 2016 |title=U.S. Embassy Promotes Education & Women Empowerment in Bangangté |url=https://yaounde.usembassy.gov/lns_012216.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202042720/https://yaounde.usembassy.gov/lns_012216.html |archive-date=2 February 2017 |access-date=29 January 2017 |publisher=Embassy of the United States Yaounde Cameroon}}</ref> Daga baya a shekarar 2016, Courtès ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin magajin gari ɗari da Sakatare Janar na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya [[Ban Ki-moon]] ya gayyata don bayar da gudummawa ga sabon ajandar birane kafin taron Habitat III a [[Quito]] . <ref name="determination"/> <ref name="bridge"/> Ta kuma halarci [[Taron Sauyin Yanayi na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na 2016|taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan sauyin yanayi na 2016]] a Morocco. <ref name="cities"/> == Lambobin yabo da girmamawa == * Jarumin [[Order of Sports Merit (Cameroon)|Kyautar Wasanni na]] Kasa (ɗaya daga cikin mata biyu kacal da suka sami wannan kyautar tare da [[Françoise Mbango Etone]] <ref name="local"/> <ref name="diplomat"/> * Jarumin Ƙwararren Ɗan Wasan Kwallo na Ƙasa, 2015 <ref name="local" /> <ref name="diplomat" /> * Kyautar Ayyukan Jama'a ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, 2014 <ref name="queen"/> == Rayuwa ta sirri == Courtès tana da aure kuma tana da 'ya'ya mata biyu. <ref name="elle"/> <ref name="bridge"/> Tana jin Faransanci, Turanci da Jamusanci. <ref name="local"/> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * Archived [http://www.communedebangangte.net/index.php/mairie/mot-du-maire garin DeBangangte (da Faransanci)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190119121028/http://www.communedebangangte.net/index.php/mairie/mot-du-maire |date=2019-01-19 }} * [http://www.afriquelocale.org/en/component/minisite/minisite-25/The-Network-for-Locally-Elected-Women-of-Africa-REFELA- Cibiyar Sadarwa ta Matan Afirka da aka zaɓa a Yankinsu (REFELA)] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1964]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] oqqf68ux6j3krps66enrlzezwrvf83r 0 146780 826378 814519 2026-04-26T00:41:19Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826378 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Djadjaemankh''' sunan wani [[Fiction (Almara)|tsohon]] mai sihiri [[Tsohuwar Masar|ɗan ƙasar Masar]] ne da ya bayyana a babi na uku na labarin da aka bayar a cikin littafin Westcar Papyrus mai ban mamaki. An ce ya yi abubuwan al'ajabi a zamanin sarki ( [[Fir'auna]] ) [[Sneferu]] ( Daular 4 ). == Mutumin adabi == Djadjaemankh ya bayyana ne kawai a cikin labarin Westcar Papyrus - babu wata shaidar tarihi ko [[tarihi]] da ke nuna cewa ya wanzu. Duk da haka, masana kimiyyar Masar sun yi masa sha'awa sosai, domin dabarar sihirinsa tana da alaƙa da fahimtar [[Al'ada|al'adu]] daga baya game da halayen sarki Sneferu. A cikin labarin, an kwatanta Djadjaemankh a matsayin babban firist. == Abin al'ajabin Djadjaemankh == A cewar Westcar Papyrus, sarki Sneferu yana cikin wani yanayi na baƙin ciki . Ya gaji, don haka sai ya yi ta yawo a cikin kowane ɗaki na fadarsa, don neman abin da zai ɗauke masa hankali. Idan bai yi nasara ba, sai ya umarci bayinsa: "Ku je ku kawo mini babban firist kuma magatakardar littattafai, Djadjaemankh." [1] An kawo wanda aka kira Sneferu nan take. Sneferu ya ce wa Djadjaemankh: "Na wuce kowace ɗakin fadara don neman abin da zai ɗauke masa hankali, amma ban sami ko ɗaya ba." [1] Djadjaemankh ya amsa: "Allah ya sa mai girma ya je tafkin fadar, bayan an shirya masa baƙunci tare da dukkan kyawawan mutane daga cikin fadar. Zuciyar mai girma za ta yi farin ciki da ganin suna yin kwale-kwale suna yawo. Za ku ga kyawawan ciyayin tsuntsaye na tafkin da bakinsu, sannan zuciyarku za ta yi farin ciki lokacin da kuka gane kyawawan wurarensu." [1] Sneferu ya ce: "Hakika, zan shirya irin wannan tafiyar kwale-kwale. Bari a kawo mini matuƙa 20 da aka yi da itacen ebony, an yi musu ado da zinariya, an lulluɓe hannuwansu da itacen seqab, an lulluɓe su da dja'am . Bari kuma a kawo mini 'yan mata 20 budurwai masu jiki cikakke da ƙirji masu kyau, an kewaye su da gashin da aka kitso. A lulluɓe su da raga bayan sun cire tufafinsu." [1] Duk abin da Sneferu ke so an gama shi. Don haka suka yi ta yin kwale-kwale suna komawa baya kuma zuciyar Sneferu ta yi farin ciki lokacin da ya ga 'yan matan suna yin kwale-kwale. Sai ya faru cewa budurwar da ke bugun kirji ta ratsa kitsonta da yatsunta, kuma wani abin wuya na gashi mai siffar kifi, wanda aka yi da malachite, ya faɗi cikin ruwan tafkin. Budurwar da ke bugun kirji ta yi shiru cikin firgici da baƙin ciki ta kuma daina ƙayyade agogon. Duk layin masu tuƙinta ya yi shiru, kuma duk suka daina tuƙi. Sneferu ya tambaya: "Bai kamata ka yi tuƙi ba...?" Masu tuƙi suka amsa: "Bugunmu ya yi shiru, ba tare da yin tuƙi ba." <ref name="VeLe" /> Sneferu ya shawarci budurwar da ke bugun kirji: "Bari kada ka ƙara yin tuƙi, shin wane dalili ne?" <ref name="VeLe" /> Matar ta amsa: "Wannan abin wuyan kifi da aka yi da malachite sabo ne ya zama dalilin. Ya faɗi cikin ruwa." <ref name="VeLe" /> Sneferu ta mayar da budurwar da ke bugun kirjin zuwa wurin zamanta ta yi tayin: "Bari in ba ka kwafin abin wuyanka a madadinsa." <ref name="VeLe" /> Matar ta ce: "Ina son in mayar maka da kayana fiye da samun kwafin." <ref name="VeLe" /> Sarki ya ba da umarni yanzu: "Je ka kawo mini babban firist Djadjaemankh." <ref name="VeLe" /> Kuma aka kawo Djadjaemankh zuwa Sneferu nan da nan. Sarki ya ce: "Djadjaemankh, ɗan'uwana, na yi duk abin da ka ba ni shawara kuma zuciyar mai girma ta wartsake lokacin da na ga 'yan matan suna tuƙi. Sai wani abin kifin da aka yi da sabon malachite, na budurwar da aka yi wa bugun jini, ya faɗi cikin ruwa. Ta yi shiru, ba tare da yin tuƙi ba. Sai ya zama ta janye hankalin dukkan layin tuƙi. Na tambaye ta: 'Me zai hana ki yi kwale-kwale?' sai ta ce: 'Wannan abin da aka yi da malachite da aka yi da sabon kifin da aka bugi shi ne dalilin. Ya faɗa cikin ruwa.' Sai na amsa mata: 'Layi! Ga ni, ni ne wanda ke maye gurbinsa.' Amma budurwar ta ce: 'Na fi son mallakar kaina fiye da wani madadin.'" Djadjaemankh ya yi sihirin sirri wanda ya sa ruwan tafkin ya motsa, har rabin gefen tafkin ya tsaya a ɗayan rabin. Ruwan da ya kasance tsawon kamu 12 yanzu ya zama kamu 24 a gefe ɗaya, yayin da ɗayan gefen ya bushe yanzu. Djadjaemankh ya shiga ƙasan tafkin ya ɗauki abin da ke ɗaure kifin da ya ɓace, wanda ke kwance a kan wani kaskon tukwane. Ya dawo da laya zuwa ga budurwar da ke bugun sannan ya cire ruwan da sihiri ya mayar da shi matsayinsa na asali. Sneferu ya yi sauran ranar yana murna tare da fadarsa ta sarauta kuma sarki ya ba Djadjaemankh lada mai yawa. <ref name="VeLe" /> == Nazarin zamani == Masana kimiyyar Masar suna ganin muhimmiyar alaƙa tsakanin wasan kwaikwayo na sihirin Djadjaemankh da fahimtar halayen sarki Sneferu. Adolf Erman da Kurt Heinrich Sethe sun taɓa ɗaukar labaran ''Westcar Papyrus'' a matsayin tatsuniyoyi kawai. Sun ga mutane kamar Djadjaemankh da sauran jaruman ''Westcar Papyrus'' a matsayin tatsuniya tsantsa, wadda aka ƙirƙira kawai don nishaɗi, tunda babu wata shaidar kayan tarihi game da su. Masana kimiyyar Masar ta zamani kamar Verena Lepper da [[Miriam Lichtheim]] sun musanta wannan ra'ayi kuma suna jayayya cewa Sethe da Erman wataƙila sun kasa ganin zurfin irin waɗannan littattafan. Suna da'awar cewa a gefe guda an kwatanta Sneferu a matsayin mai karimci da kirki, yayin da a gefe guda kuma yana nuna halin da za a iya ɗauka lokacin da yake magana da wani baƙon abu, wato Djadjaemankh, tare da "ɗan'uwana". Dukansu sun ƙara da cewa Sneferu yana da wauta lokacin da ya gaya wa Djadjaemankh yadda mata masu tuƙi za su yi ado da kamanninsu. Lepper da Liechtheim sun kimanta labarin Djadjaemankh a matsayin wani irin barkwanci, inda aka kwatanta [[Fir'auna]] a matsayin wawa mai gajiya, wanda yake jin daɗin nishaɗin waje kuma ba zai iya magance matsalarsa da ƙaramar yarinya mai tuƙi shi kaɗai ba. Bugu da ƙari, marubucin labarin Djadjaemankh ya sanya babban ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ya fi Fir'auna a hankali kuma ya soki Fir'auna da wannan. Bugu da ƙari, labarin Djadjaemankh ya nuna wani abu na rubutu mara ban mamaki: jawabi a cikin jawabi. Sneferu ya maimaita abin da ya faɗa wa budurwar bugun jini, lokacin da ya bayyana matsalarsa ga Djadjaemankh. ''Papyrus na Westcar'' shine takardar Masar ta farko da aka adana inda aka yi magana a cikin jawabi. Liechtheim da Lepper suma sun nuna rubuce-rubucen Masarawa da yawa masu kama da juna amma daga baya, inda masu sihiri ke yin dabarun sihiri iri ɗaya ko kuma yin annabci ga sarki. Labarunsu a bayyane suke an yi wahayi zuwa gare su daga labarin Dedi . Misalan kwatancen sune papyri ''pAthen'' da ''Annabcin Neferti'' . A cikin littafin Neferti, an kuma nuna sarki Sneferu a matsayin wanda za a iya ɗauka a matsayin wanda za a iya ɗauka a matsayin wanda za a iya ɗauka a matsayin wanda za a iya ɗauka a matsayin wanda zai iya ɗauka a matsayin wanda zai iya ɗauka a matsayin wanda zai iya ɗauka a matsayin "ɗan'uwana". Kuma kuma labaran ''pAthen'' da littafin Neferti duk sun ba da rahoto game da wani Fir'auna mai gajiya da ke neman abin da zai raba hankali. Bugu da ƙari, littattafan sun nuna yadda jigon annabci ya shahara tun zamanin [[Tsohuwar Masarautar Masar|Tsohuwar Masarauta]] - kamar yadda yake a cikin labarin ''Westcar Papyrus.'' Tunda ''annabcin pAthen'' da ''The Annabcin Neferti'' sun nuna irin wannan salon magana da kuma fahimtar kalmomi masu ban mamaki kamar yadda ''Westcar Papyrus'' ya yi, Lepper da Liechtheim sun yi iƙirarin cewa marubutan Masar sun san Djadjaemankh na dogon lokaci mai ban mamaki. <ref name="VeLe" /> <ref name="MiLi" /> == Nassoshi == {{Reflist|30em}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20100415123725/http://www.cs.st-andrews.ac.uk/~mjn/egyptian/texts/corpus/pdf/Westcar.pdf Kwafi da fassara Papyrus Westcar (Berlin Papyrus 3033) zuwa Turanci bayan kwafi na AM Blackman (1988)] (PDF-Fayil) * [http://www.reshafim.org.il/ad/egypt/texts/westcar_papyrus.htm Djadjaemankh a cikin Papyrus Westcar a ''reshafim.org''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190321014835/http://www.reshafim.org.il/ad/egypt/texts/westcar_papyrus.htm |date=2019-03-21 }} 71jro8quf5yon2gmnn1jcy49xbdcro1 0 147113 826639 816344 2026-04-26T11:38:35Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826639 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  <templatestyles src="Module:Sidebar/styles.css"></templatestyles>Eliza McCardle Johnson (4 ga Oktoba, 1810 - 15 ga Janairu, 1876) ita ce matar shugaban Amurka daga 1865 zuwa 1869 a matsayin matar Shugaba Andrew Johnson . Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin matar shugaban Amurka daga Maris har zuwa Afrilu 1865 lokacin da mijinta yake mataimakin shugaban kasa. Johnson ba ya aiki sosai a matsayin matar shugaban kasa, kuma ta kasance ba a bainar jama'a ba tsawon lokacin shugabancin mijinta. Ita ce matar shugaban kasa mafi karanci da ta yi aure, tana yin hakan ne tana da shekaru 16. Johnson ta ba da gudummawa sosai ga aikin mijinta na farko, tana ba shi ilimi da kuma ƙarfafa shi ya ƙarfafa ƙwarewarsa ta magana da neman mukami. Duk da haka, Johnson ba ta shiga cikin harkokin zamantakewa na siyasa ba, ta ci gaba da zama a gida yayin da mijinta ya hau mulki. A lokacin Yaƙin Basasa na Amurka, an tilasta mata barin gidanta saboda amincin iyalinta na Unionist . Tarin fuka ya shafe ta a tsawon rayuwarta, kuma duk wani aiki da ta zaɓa ta yi yana da iyaka saboda lafiyarta. Johnson ta kasance matar shugaban ƙasa ta biyu a Amurka na ɗan lokaci kafin ta zama matar shugaban ƙasa, a matsayinta na matar shugaban ƙasa har zuwa lokacin da aka kashe Abraham Lincoln . Bayan ta zama matar shugaban ƙasa, Johnson ta bai wa 'yarta Martha Johnson Patterson ayyukan zamantakewa na wannan matsayi. Duk da cewa ta bayyana a bainar jama'a sau biyu kacal a lokacin da take matsayin matar shugaban ƙasa, Johnson ya kasance mai tasiri sosai ga mijinta, kuma yana tuntubar ta akai-akai don neman shawara. Johnson ta koma gidanta na Greeneville, Tennessee tare da iyalinta bayan ta bar Fadar White House, tana zaune cikin hutu cikin natsuwa. Ta mutu watanni shida bayan mijinta kuma aka binne ta kusa da shi. == Rayuwar Farko da Aure == An haifi Eliza McCardle a Greeneville, Tennessee a ranar 4 ga Oktoba, 1810. : 108 Ita kaɗai ce 'ya ga John McCardle, mai gyaran takalma da mai kula da masauki, da kuma Sarah Phillips. <ref name="watson" /> : 116 Iyalan sun ƙaura zuwa Warrensburg, Tennessee yayin da McCardle ke ƙarama, amma sun koma Greeneville bayan mutuwar mahaifinta. : 191 Mahaifiyarta bazawara ta rene McCardle, wacce ta tallafa mata da kuɗi ta hanyar saka <ref name="diller" /> kuma ta koya mata karatu da rubutu. <ref name="watson"/> : 116 McCardle ta halarci makaranta kuma ta sami ilimin firamare. Ana kyautata zaton ta halarci Rhea Academy da ke Greenville. : 203  McCardle ya haɗu da [[Andrew Johnson]] lokacin da iyalinsa suka ƙaura zuwa Greeneville a watan Satumba na 1826. An ce ta fara ganinsa ne yayin da take magana da abokanta, waɗanda suka fara yi mata ba'a lokacin da ta nuna sha'awarta ga mai koyon dinki. : 191 <ref name="boller" /> {{Rp|pages=131–132}}McCardle da Johnson sun fara soyayya nan take. Johnsons sun bar birnin daga baya a wannan shekarar, kuma ma'auratan sun yi musayar wasiƙu har sai da ya dawo a shekarar 1827. Sun yi aure a ranar 17 ga Mayu, 1827. <ref name="watson"/> : 117 Mordecai Lincoln, ɗan uwan Abraham Lincoln, wanda ya taɓa zama ɗan uwan [[Abraham Lincoln]], shi ne ya jagoranci bikin auren. <ref name="gould" /> {{Rp|pages=191–193}}McCardle tana da shekaru 16, wanda hakan ya sa ta zama ƙarama a cikin dukkan matan shugabannin Amurka . <ref name="watson" /> : 117  : 231 Bayan sun yi aure, ma'auratan sun ƙaura zuwa wani gida mai ɗakuna biyu, inda ɗaya daga cikin ɗakunan ya yi aiki a matsayin shagon dinki. : 130  Eliza Johnson ta samar wa mijinta da mafi yawan iliminsa na yau da kullun, <ref name="watson"/> : 117 duk da cewa wani tatsuniya da aka saba da ita ta nuna cewa ta koya masa karatu da rubutu. : 193 Suna da 'ya'ya biyar tare: Martha a shekarar 1828, Charles a shekarar 1830, Mary a shekarar 1832, Robert a shekarar 1834, da Andrew Jr. a shekarar 1852. Da zarar sun fara haihuwa, yawancin lokacin Johnson yana kula da gida yayin da mijinta ke kula da shagon dinki. <ref name="watson" /> : 117 A shekara ta 1831, sun sayi babban gida da kuma wani wuri daban na shagon. Sun sake komawa wani babban gida a shekara ta 1851. <ref name="gould" /> : 193  == Matar ɗan siyasa == === Shekarun Antebellum === Da ƙarfafawar Eliza, mijinta ya nemi mukamin siyasa. Ta taka muhimmiyar rawa a farkon aikinsa na siyasa, tana taimaka masa a fannin iliminsa da kuma iyawarsa ta magana. : 231 Yayin da ya sami manyan mukamai na siyasa, Johnson ya guji rawar da matar ɗan siyasa ke takawa a zamantakewa, maimakon haka ya kula da gidansu. A wannan lokacin, gidan ya haɗa da [[Bauta a Amurka|bayi]] takwas ko tara. : 194 Ba a san yadda Johnson ya ji game da mallakar bayi ba. <ref name="scofield" /> : 232 Yayin da 'ya'yan Johnson suka girma, ta ji daɗin ganin 'ya'yanta mata suna neman mazajensu da kuma fara iyalai na kansu. <ref name="scofield" /> : 232 A lokaci guda kuma, manyan 'ya'yanta maza biyu sun zama abin damuwa saboda [[Shaye-shaye|shan giya]] ya shafe su. <ref name="watson"/> : 117  Yayin da yake gida, Johnson ne ke da alhakin kula da harkokin kuɗin iyalin, gami da jarin da suka zuba. : 203 Duk da cewa ba ta raka mijinta lokacin da yake tafiya don aikinsa ba, ta tallafa masa, tana ƙarfafa shi da kuma taimaka masa da jawabansa. <ref name="watson"/> : 118 Ta kamu da [[Tarin fuka|cutar tarin fuka]], wanda hakan ya haifar da rashin lafiya. Lafiyarta ta inganta kuma ta tabarbare a cikin shekarun da suka biyo baya, amma ba ta warke gaba ɗaya ba. Daga ƙarshe ta yi tafiya zuwa [[Washington, D.C.|Washington, DC]] a shekarar 1860 tare da 'ya'yanta maza, suka zauna har sai lokacin da Yaƙin Basasa na Amurka ya fara a shekara mai zuwa. : 194  === Yaƙin Basasa na Amurka === A lokacin yaƙin, Johnson ya zama mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin 'yan gurguzu da ke zaune a ƙasashen Confederate na Amurka . <ref name="watson"/> : 118 An tilasta mata ƙaura bayan da Sojojin Jihohin Confederate suka mamaye yankin. Ta koma gonar 'yarta Mary bayan da sojojin Confederate suka kwace gidan Johnson. Duk da cewa da farko an umarce ta da ta fice daga yankin cikin awanni 36 a watan Mayun 1862, ta amsa da cewa "Ba zan iya bin ƙa'idar ba", kuma an ba ta ƙarin watanni biyar. : 204  Daga ƙarshe Johnson ta yi tafiyar makonni uku zuwa Nashville, Tennessee, inda aka ci zarafinta aka kuma yi mata barazana saboda kasancewarta matar wani sanata na Unionist. Tafiyar ta shafi lafiyarta sosai, amma da ta isa Nashville ta sake haɗuwa da mijinta, wanda ba ta taɓa ganinsa ba kusan shekara guda. : 204 Daga baya ta yi tafiya zuwa arewa, ta ratsa layin Confederate ba tare da rakiya ba, ta je Ohio da Indiana don ziyartar 'ya'yanta. <ref name="watson">{{Cite book|last3=Robert P. Watson}}</ref> : 119 Ta koma Nashville a watan Mayu na shekarar 1863. An kashe babban ɗan Johnson, Charles, daga baya a wannan shekarar bayan an jefa shi daga kan dokinsa. : 195 Ba ta da isasshen lokaci a Nashville, ba kasafai take ganin mijinta ba, musamman bayan ya fara yakin neman zabe a zaben shugaban kasa na 1864. : 233  Johnson's husband was sworn in as the Vice President of the United States in March 1865.: 195  The following month, President [[Abraham Lincoln]] was assassinated, and her husband ascended to the presidency.: 109  This had a severe emotional effect on her; in one letter, her daughter Martha described her as "almost deranged" with worry that her husband would be assassinated as well.: 203  She also lamented the idea of becoming first lady, effectively rejecting the role.<ref name="schneider" />: 109  == Uwargidan Shugaban Amurka == Johnson ta yi tafiya zuwa Washington tare da 'ya'yanta da suka rage, surukinta David T. Patterson, da jikokinta. <ref name="watson"/> : 119 Sun isa a ranar 6 ga Agusta, 1865. : 196 Bayan ta isa, ta zaɓi ɗaki a hawa na biyu da ke fuskantar ofishin shugaban ƙasa. : 129 Johnson ba ta sami damar yin aiki yadda ya kamata a matsayin uwargidan shugaban ƙasa ba saboda rashin lafiyarta, kuma ta kasance a ɗakin kwananta, inda ta bar ayyukan zamantakewa ga 'yarta Martha. <ref name="gould" /> : 196 Duk da cewa ba ta son zama matar shugaban ƙasa, ta ji daɗin yadda dukkan iyalinta suka zauna tare. : 109  Johnson za ta karɓi baƙon mijinta a Fadar White House, : 109 amma ta bayyana a bainar jama'a a matsayin uwargidan shugaban ƙasa sau biyu kacal: bikin Sarauniya Emma ta Hawaii a shekarar 1866 da kuma wasan yara don cika shekaru sittin da shugaban ƙasa ya yi a shekarar 1868. <ref name="watson"/> : 120 A duka lokutan biyu, ba ta tashi yayin da take karɓar baƙi ba. : 131 Ta kuma sami wasiƙu da yawa daga jama'a a lokacin da take matar shugaban ƙasa, sau da yawa tana neman alfarmar siyasa ko kuma samun damar ganawa da shugaban ƙasa. 'Yarta da ma'aikatan Fadar White House ne ke kula da wasiƙunta. Duk da cewa ba ta da himma a bainar jama'a, Johnson ta sami damar yin ayyuka akai-akai tare da iyalinta tare da wasu taimako. : 197  A lokacin da take zaune a Fadar White House, Johnson ta kan dinka da saka, kuma tana yawan karatu. <ref name="watson"/> {{Rp|pages=119–120}}Kowace rana, za ta ratsa gidan White House, tana duba mijinta da ma'aikatan ko kuma ta yi zaman tare da jikokinta. : 198 Tana kusa da ma'aikatan, tana ɗaukar ma'aikatan fari da baƙi a matsayin "masu gidan". : 205 Johnson ta ɗauki nauyin ayyukanta, ciki har da gudummawar kuɗi ga gidajen marayu a Baltimore, Maryland, <ref name="gould" /> : 198 da Charleston, South Carolina . : 233 Ta kuma sami damar yin tafiya a lokacin da take matar shugaban ƙasa, tana ziyartar biranen da ke kusa kamar [[Boston]], [[New York (birni)|New York]], da [[Philadelphia]] a shekarar 1867. <ref name="gould" /> : 198  Johnson ba ta taka rawa sosai a siyasar gwamnatin mijinta ba, duk da cewa ta ba shi cikakken goyon baya a lokacin shugabancinsa, har ma a lokacin tsige shi . Ta nuna sha'awarta a shari'ar, <ref name="watson"/> : 120 kuma shugaban ƙasa zai ziyarce ta kowace safiya don neman shawararta. : 128 Tana da tasiri mai ƙarfi a kan shugaban ƙasa, kuma yana yawan la'akari da shawararta. : 205 Tana yawan lura da labaran da jaridu ke bayarwa game da fadar shugaban ƙasa, tana yanke labaran da ta ga sun cancanci kulawar shugaban ƙasa. Tana tsara su kowace rana, tana nuna masa labarai masu kyau kowace dare sannan ta ba shi labarai marasa daɗi washegari da safe. <ref name="caroli">{{Cite book|last3=Betty Boyd Caroli}}</ref> : 57  Johnson ya taimaka wa shugaban ƙasa da jawabansa kamar yadda ta yi a mukaman siyasa na baya, kuma ta yi aiki don hana tashin hankalin da fushinsa ya haifar. <ref name="watson"/> : 120 Tsoronta game da lafiyar mijinta ya ci gaba da wanzuwa a tsawon shugabancinsa, domin kuwa kisan gillar da aka yi wa Abraham Lincoln har yanzu yana nan a cikin tarihi. <ref name="watson" /> : 119 Duk da rashin lafiyarta, za ta ci gaba da kula da mijinta a wasu wurare, tana zaɓar masa kayansa kuma tana tabbatar da cewa ya gamsu da abincin da aka tanadar masa. : 129 Johnson ba ta son zama a Fadar White House, kuma ta yi farin ciki da lokacin da wa'adin mijinta ya ƙare. <ref name="boller" /> : 131  == Daga baya rayuwa da mutuwa == Iyalan Johnson sun koma Greenville bayan sun bar Fadar White House a watan Maris na 1869. Ɗansu Robert ya kashe kansa a wata mai zuwa. : 199 Johnson ta rayu cikin natsuwa bayan ta ƙare a matsayin matar shugaban ƙasa, sau da yawa tana yin lokacinta tare da 'ya'yanta da jikokinta. : 234 Ta ji daɗin 'yancin kai, wani lokacin tana tafiya ba tare da mijinta ba. <ref name="watson"/> : 120–121 Lafiyarta ta ragu lokacin da aka zaɓe mijinta a Majalisar Dattawan Amurka a 1875, kuma ta ƙaura tare da 'yarta Mary. Ta rasu jim kaɗan bayan haka a ranar 31 ga Yuli, 1875. <ref name="gould" /> : 199 Rashin lafiyar Johnson da baƙin cikinta sun hana ta halartar jana'izar, <ref name="watson" /> : 121 amma an naɗa ta don ta aiwatar da dukiyarsa. <ref name="caroli"/> : 58 Ta rasu a ranar 15 ga Janairu, 1876, tana da shekaru 65, <ref name="watson" /> : 121 kuma an binne ta kusa da mijinta a Makabartar Ƙasa ta Andrew Johnson . <ref name="scofield" /> : 234  == Gado == [[Fayil:Eliza_McCardle_Johnson_locket_photo_(scanned_from_Brabson_1972).jpg|thumb|Hoton Eliza McCardle Johnson, wataƙila an ƙirƙira {{Circa|1840}} An yi amfani da jakar a hannun jikanyar Margaret Johnson Patterson Bartlett (1903–1992) har zuwa 1972; ba a san inda take a yanzu ba.]] Johnson tana ɗaya daga cikin matan shugabanni marasa himma, ba ta taka rawar gani sosai a fannin siyasa ko zamantakewa na Fadar White House ba. Tasirinta ya kasance na mai ilimi da mai ba mijinta shawara. <ref name="watson"/> : 121 Ba ta canza matsayin matar shugaban ƙasa a lokacin da take kan mulki ba. : 200 Masana tarihi gabaɗaya suna kwatanta Johnson a matsayin wanda ba shi da girman kai kuma ba zai iya cika matsayin matar shugaban ƙasa ba, amma kuma a matsayin abokiyar hulɗa mai ilimi ga mijinta. Duk da cewa suna da mijinta ya ragu sosai a cikin ƙarni da ya biyo baya, suna da Johnson a matsayin matar shugaban ƙasa bai canza ba. {{Rp|pages=234–235}}An rasa takardun Johnson na sirri, galibi saboda Yaƙin Basasa. <ref name="scofield" /> : 230 Yawancin manyan takardu da ke da alaƙa da ita suna cikin takardun mijinta. <ref name="gould" /> : 200 A cikin kuri'ar jin ra'ayin masana tarihi ta Cibiyar Bincike ta Kwalejin Siena ta shekarar 1982, an sanya Johnson a matsayin mace ta 21 cikin mata 42 na shugabanni. <ref name="Siena2008">{{Cite web |date=December 18, 2008 |title=Ranking America's First Ladies |url=https://scri.siena.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/FL_2008Release.pdf |publisher=Siena College Research Institute}}</ref> Johnson ta koma ga al'adar da aka saba gani a tsakanin matan shugabanni na ƙarni na 19, inda ta bar wata ƙaramar mai maye gurbinta ta yi yawancin ayyukanta, ta sake kafa al'adar bayan wa'adin da Mary Todd Lincoln ta yi a bainar jama'a. Ita ce matar shugaban ƙasa ta ƙarshe da ta kamu da rashin lafiya ta wannan hanyar har zuwa Ida Saxton McKinley daga baya. <ref name="caroli"/> : 58 Wataƙila Johnson ta guji jan hankalin jama'a musamman saboda sukar da ake yi wa magajinta da kuma yiwuwar samun irin wannan sukar idan aka yi la'akari da shugabancin mijinta mai cike da ce-ce-ku-ce. Tana kuma iya jin tsoron cewa ba ta da baiwar zamantakewa da ake buƙata daga mai masaukin baki. <ref name="caroli" /> : 56 A ƙarshen wa'adin mulkinta, an bayyana ta a matsayin "kusan tatsuniya" saboda ƙarancin hulɗa da jama'a. <ref name="caroli" /> : 57  == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje == * Eliza McCardle Johnson at Find a Grave * [https://www.womenhistoryblog.com/2009/05/eliza-johnson.html Eliza Johnson] at 'History of American Women' * [https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/history/firstladies/ej17.html The White House Web Site] * [http://www.firstladies.org/biographies/firstladies.aspx?biography=18 National First Ladies' Library] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120509090052/http://www.firstladies.org/biographies/firstladies.aspx?biography=18 |date=2012-05-09 }} Archived May 9, 2012, at the Wayback Machine * [http://firstladies.c-span.org/FirstLady/19/Eliza-Johnson.aspx Eliza Johnson] at C-SPAN's ''First Ladies: Influence &amp;amp; Image'' {{S-start}} {{S-hon}} {{S-bef}} {{S-ttl|title=[[Second Lady of the United States]]}} {{S-vac}} |- {{S-bef}} {{S-ttl|title=[[First Lady of the United States]]}} {{S-aft}} {{S-end}}{{US First Ladies}}{{US Second Ladies}}{{Andrew Johnson}}{{Authority control}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 4494d6lfoby66mg0cb507a9s9yzkz84 0 147147 826250 816599 2026-04-25T14:04:27Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826250 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Consuelo Bailey''' (wacce aka haifa '''a Northrop''' ; 19 ga Oktoba, 1899 &#x2013; 9 ga Satumba, 1976) lauya ce 'yar Amurka, 'yar siyasa, kuma jami'a da aka zaɓa. Ita ce mace ta farko da ta yi aiki a matsayin Kakakin Majalisar Wakilai ta Vermont kuma a matsayin mataimakiyar gwamna ta 66 a Vermont . Ita ce mace ta farko a tarihin Amurka da aka zaɓa a matsayin mataimakiyar gwamna. == Bayani da kuma aikin da ya gabata == An haifi Consuelo Bentina Northrop Bailey a Fairfield, Vermont a ranar 19 ga Oktoba, 1899, 'yar Katherine E. (Fletcher) Northrop da Peter Bent Brigham Northrop. Peter Northrop ya yi karatu a Makarantar Shari'a ta Columbia amma ya yanke shawarar yin aikin noma. Aikinsa ya yi nasara, kuma ya girma har ya haɗa da gonakin kiwo masu nasara, masana'antar kirim, da kuma masana'antar sukari ta maple. A matsayinsa na [[Jam'iyyar Republican (Amurka)|ɗan jam'iyyar Republican]] mai himma, ya yi aiki a ofisoshin gari da kuma memba na Majalisar Wakilai ta Vermont . An haifi Consuelo Bailey a Fairfield kuma ta yi makarantar firamare a Sheldon da kuma makarantar sakandare a St. Albans . Ta kammala karatun digiri na farko a Jami'ar Vermont da digiri na farko a fannin Falsafa a shekarar 1921. Yayin da take kwaleji, an shigar da ita cikin ƙungiyar girmamawa ta Phi Beta Kappa . Bailey ta koyar da makaranta a Shelburne na tsawon shekara guda, sannan ta yanke shawarar fara aikin lauya. Bailey ta halarci Makarantar Shari'a ta Jami'ar Boston, inda ta sami digirin LL. B. a shekarar 1925. A makarantar shari'a, ta kasance kyaftin a ƙungiyar muhawara kuma ta yi aiki a ma'aikatan edita na ''The Brief'', mujallar ƙwararru ta makarantar. An shigar da ita a Vermont Bar a shekarar 1925. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 November 2014 |title=Consuelo Northrup Bailey: Vermont's First Woman Speaker |url=http://www.vt-world.com/consuelo-northrup-bailey-vermonts-first-woman-speaker-2.html |access-date=2017-01-19 |website=www.vt-world.com |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-07-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702105938/https://www.vt-world.com/consuelo-northrup-bailey-vermonts-first-woman-speaker-2.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ta yi aiki a matsayin Babban Alkalin Kotun Burlington, mai gabatar da kara a kotun birnin, kuma a shekarar 1926, Bailey ta zama mace ta farko da aka shigar da ita aiki a Kotun Koli ta Vermont <ref> name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Consuelo Northrop Bailey Papers |url=http://cdi.uvm.edu/findingaids/collection/baileyconsuelo.ead.xml |access-date=January 19, 2017 |publisher=Special Collections, University of Vermont Library}}</ref> kuma ta tsaya takarar Lauyan Jiha na Gundumar Chittenden . Daga nan aka zabi Bailey a Majalisar Dattawan Vermont a shekarar 1930, kuma ta yi wa'adi ɗaya. Ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatare ga Sanata Ernest Willard Gibson na Amurka kafin ta koma Vermont don ci gaba da aikin lauya. A shekarar 1950, an zaɓe Bailey a Majalisar Wakilai ta Vermont . Ta yi aiki a matsayin Shugabar Majalisar daga 1953 zuwa 1955, mace ta farko da ta zama Shugabar Majalisar Vermont. == Mataimakin gwamnan Vermont == A shekarar 1954 ta zama mace ta farko da aka zaɓa a matsayin mataimakiyar gwamna a kowace jiha. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Consuelo Northrop Bailey Papers |url=http://cdi.uvm.edu/findingaids/collection/baileyconsuelo.ead.xml |access-date=January 19, 2017 |publisher=Special Collections, University of Vermont Library}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://cdi.uvm.edu/findingaids/collection/baileyconsuelo.ead.xml "Consuelo Northrop Bailey Papers"]. Special Collections, University of Vermont Library<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 19,</span> 2017</span>.</cite></ref> {{Efn|[[Matilda Dodge Wilson]] of Michigan was the first female lieutenant governor in US history, but was appointed.}} Bailey ta yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin gwamna na 65 na Vermont tsakanin 1955 da 1957. == Matsayin daga baya == Bailey ta wakilci Vermont a Kwamitin Jam'iyyar Republican daga 1936 zuwa 1976. Ta kasance mataimakiyar shugaba daga 1953 zuwa 1957, da kuma sakatare daga 1965 zuwa 1973. A matsayinta na sakatare, ita ce ke da alhakin kiran sunayen wakilai yayin da suka kaɗa ƙuri'arsu ta zama shugaban ƙasa a Babban Taro na Jam'iyyar Republican na 1968 da 1972. == Mutuwa da binnewa == Bailey ta mutu a Burlington a ranar 9 ga Satumba, 1976. An binne ta a Makabartar Sheldon da ke Sheldon. == Iyali == A shekarar 1940, Bailey ta auri mijinta Henry A. Bailey (1893-1961), lauya wanda ya yi aiki a majalisun dokokin jihar biyu kuma magajin garin Winooski . == Duba kuma == * Jerin Mata Mata Mata Mata Gwamnoni a Amurka * Jerin sunayen mata masu magana da yawun 'yan majalisa a Amurka == Bayanan kula == {{Notelist}} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 1976]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] i8g4uldin8tm0g38oqcclsdefdijvaw 0 147165 826341 816651 2026-04-25T20:41:47Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826341 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Dawn Marie Addiego''' (an haife ta a ranar 20 ga Oktoba, 1962) 'yar siyasa ce 'yar Amurka wadda ta wakilci gundumar majalisa ta 8 ta New Jersey a Majalisar Dattawan New Jersey daga 2010 zuwa 2022. Ta kasance 'yar jam'iyyar Democrat, a baya ta yi aiki a Majalisar Dokoki daga 8 ga Janairu, 2008 zuwa 22 ga Nuwamba, 2010 a matsayin 'yar [[Jam'iyyar Republican (Amurka)|Republican]] (kafin ta canza jam'iyya). A ranar 15 ga Nuwamba, 2010, bayan an tabbatar da Phil Haines ta yi aiki a Babbar Kotun New Jersey ta Gundumar Burlington, kwamitin [[Jam'iyyar Republican (Amurka)|Republican]] na gundumar (wanda har yanzu memba ne) ya naɗa Addiego kuma ya naɗa shi don maye gurbin kujerar Haines da ba ta da kowa a cikinta har zuwa ƙarshen wa'adinsa. == Rayuwa ta farko == Addiego ta kammala karatun digiri na farko a fannin lissafin kuɗi daga Jami'ar Villanova . Ta sami digiri na farko a fannin shari'a daga Makarantar Shari'a ta Jami'ar Widener a shekarar 1987. <ref> name="NJLEG" </ref> Addiego ta yi aiki a Majalisar Garin Evesham daga 1993 zuwa 2000 da kuma Hukumar Tsare-tsare daga 1993 zuwa 1994. Ta kasance a Kwamitin Ba da Shawara kan Ingantaccen Ruwa na Tri-County daga 1994 zuwa 2000. Ta yi aiki a Hukumar Zaɓen Masu Haƙƙin mallaka ta Gundumar Burlington daga 2000 zuwa 2008. == Majalisar Dokokin New Jersey == A lokacin da take cikin Majalisar, Addigeo ta yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakiyar Mai tsawatarwa ta Jam'iyyar Republican bayan ta hau mulki a shekarar 2008. Ta kuma yi aiki a Kwamitin Kasafin Kuɗi da Kwamitin Ilimi Mai Girma. A watan Maris na 2009, Addiego, tare da abokin aikinsa Scott Rudder, sun nemi a rage musu albashi da kashi 10% daga albashinsu na majalisar dokoki, saboda matsalar tattalin arziki da ke addabar New Jersey a halin yanzu. Wani ra'ayi na shari'a daga Ofishin Ayyukan Dokoki na New Jersey ya gano cewa su ne 'yan majalisa na farko a tarihin New Jersey da suka nemi a yafe musu wani ɓangare na albashinsu. A shekarar 2011, 'yan majalisar biyu sun gabatar da shawarar cewa ya kamata a rage kashi 10% na albashin da suka dauka ga sauran ma'aikatan majalisar dokoki, shari'a da kuma na zartarwa na jihar, ciki har da Gwamna. Addiego ta kasance mai adawa da shirin Gwamna Jon Corzine na Majalisar Gidaje Masu Rahusa (COAH) na buƙatar garuruwa su gina adadin gidaje masu araha da gwamnati ta tsara. Ta yi jayayya cewa "sabbin dokokin COAH za su ƙara harajin kadarori, su lalata sararin samaniya kuma su hana ci gaban tattalin arziki." <ref>[http://www.medfordcentralrecord.com/WebApp/appmanager/JRC/Weekly;!1535760712?_nfpb=true&_pageLabel=pg_wk_article&r21.pgpath=%2FMED%2FHome&r21.content=%2FMED%2FHome%2FTopStoryList_Story_2714679] {{Dead link|date=November 2021}}</ref> == Majalisar Dattawan New Jersey == Addiego ta lashe cikakken wa'adinta na farko a Majalisar Dattawan New Jersey a watan Nuwamba na 2011, inda ta tsaya takara ba tare da hamayya ba bayan da aka kayar da Carl Lewis, wanda ake sa ran zai zama dan takarar Jam'iyyar Democrat, saboda bai cika sharuddan zama dan jihar ba. An sake zabar Addiego a 2013 da 2017. === Kwamitoci === * Harkokin Al'umma da Birane <ref>{{Cite web |title=Senator Dawn Marie Addiego (R) |url=https://www.njleg.state.nj.us/members/bio.asp?Leg=328 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111020160848/https://www.njleg.state.nj.us/members/bio.asp?Leg=328 |archive-date=20 October 2011 |access-date=29 March 2019 |website=njleg.state.nj}}</ref> * Lafiya, Ayyukan Dan Adam da Tsofaffi * Gwamnatin Jiha, Wagering, Yawon Bude Ido & Kare Tarihi * Ma'aikata * Kasafin Kuɗi da Kasafin Kuɗi === Kuri'u kan Muhimman Matsaloli === * A shekarar 2012, Addiego ta kaɗa ƙuri'ar kin amincewa da halatta auren jinsi ɗaya ga ma'aurata <ref>{{Cite web |title=Marriage Equality Voting Record by Vote |url=https://www.aclu-nj.org/theissues/lgbt-rights/marriage-equality/take-action-too-big-our/marriage-equality-voting-record-vote |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210806022042/https://www.aclu-nj.org/theissues/lgbt-rights/marriage-equality/take-action-too-big-our/marriage-equality-voting-record-vote |archive-date=6 August 2021 |access-date=2 August 2021 |website=ACLU}}</ref> * A shekarar 2017, Addiego ta kaɗa ƙuri'ar ƙara harajin iskar gas na New Jersey da senti 23 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Gas Tax Hike Takes Center Stage at Candidates Forum in LeisureTowne |url=https://pinebarrenstribune.com/gas-tax-hike-takes-center-stage-at-candidates-forum-in-leisuretowne-p1573-165.htm |access-date=2 August 2021 |website=Pine Barrens Tribune}}</ref> * A shekarar 2018, Addiego ta kaɗa ƙuri'a kan wani kudiri da ke buƙatar ma'aikata a New Jersey su ba wa ma'aikatansu hutun rashin lafiya <ref>{{Cite web |title=A 1827 - Requires Employers to Provide Paid Sick Leave - New Jersey Key Vote |url=https://justfacts.votesmart.org/bill/25224/63990/69709/dawn-addiego-voted-nay-passage-a-1827-requires-employers-to-provide-paid-sick-leave#63990 |access-date=2 August 2021 |website=Vote Smart}}</ref> * A shekarar 2019, Addiego ta fito fili ta nuna adawa da halatta wiwi a New Jersey <ref>{{Cite web |date=22 March 2019 |title=Addiego a hard no on legal weed, chief of staff says |url=https://newjerseyglobe.com/legislature/addiego-a-hard-no-on-legal-weed-chief-of-staff-says/ |access-date=2 August 2021 |website=New Jersey Globe}}</ref> === Canjin jam'iyya === A ranar 28 ga Janairu, 2019, Addiego ya canza sheka zuwa jam'iyyar Democrat .Bayan sauya shekar Addiego, an yi zargin cewa dan majalisar gundumar 8 Joe Howarth ya yi yunkurin sauya shekarsa daga jam'iyyar Republican zuwa jam'iyyar Democrat, kuma shugabannin jam'iyyar Republican ba su iya tuntuɓar Howarth na tsawon kwana biyu ba. Daga baya Kwamitin Republican na gundumar Burlington ya janye goyon bayansu ga Howarth kuma ya amince da Sheriff na gundumar Burlington Jean Stanfield a matsayin wanda zai gaje shi a Majalisar. A ƙarshe, Stanfield da dan majalisar Republican mai ci Ryan Peters sun kayar da Howarth a zaɓen fidda gwani kuma suka lashe zaɓen gama gari. A shekarar 2021, Addiego ta sake tsayawa takarar Sanata a matsayin 'yar Democrat. Ba ta da abokin hamayya a zaɓen fidda gwani na jam'iyyar Democrat, kuma duk da cewa tana da fa'idar tara kuɗi, ta sha kashi kaɗan a hannun Stanfield a babban zaɓen. Daga baya Addiego ta zama Babban Jami'in Zaɓe na Gundumar Burlington a ƙarshen Janairun 2022. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Livio |first=Susan |date=2022-01-31 |title=Former N.J. state Sen. Bateman gets spot on Horizon Blue Cross board |url=https://nj.com/politics/2022/01/former-nj-state-sen-bateman-gets-spot-on-horizon-blue-cross-board.html |access-date=2024-05-30 |website=nj.com |language=en}}</ref> == Tarihin zaɓe == === Majalisar Dattawan New Jersey === {{Election box begin|title=New Jersey State Senate elections, 2021<ref>{{cite web |title=8th Legislative District |url=https://www.nj.gov/state/elections/assets/pdf/election-results/2021/2021-general-election-results-gen-assembly-state-senate-district-08.pdf |access-date=30 October 2025 |pages=1-2}}</ref>}} {{Election box winning candidate with party link no change|party=Republican Party (US)|candidate=[[Jean Stanfield]]|votes=39,648|percentage=51.11}} {{Election box candidate with party link}} {{Election box total no change}} {{Election box hold with party link no swing}} {{End}}{{Election box begin|title=New Jersey State Senate elections, 2017<ref name=Results2017>{{cite web|title=Official List, Candidates for State Senate For GENERAL ELECTION 11/07/2017 Election|url=http://nj.gov/state/elections/2017-results/2017-official-general-election-results-state-senate.pdf|publisher=[[Secretary of State of New Jersey]]|access-date=January 29, 2019|date=November 29, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171205042116/http://nj.gov/state/elections/2017-results/2017-official-general-election-results-state-senate.pdf|archive-date=December 5, 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} {{Election box winning candidate with party link}} {{Election box candidate with party link no change|party=Democratic Party (US)|candidate=George B. Youngkin|votes=28,158|percentage=47.8}} {{Election box hold with party link without swing||winner=Republican Party (United States)}} {{End}}{{Election box begin no change|title=New Jersey State Senate elections, 2013<ref name=Results2013>{{cite web |url=http://www.njelections.org/2013-results/2013-official-general-election-results-state-senate.pdf |title=Official List Candidates for State Senate For GENERAL ELECTION 11/05/2015 Election |publisher=[[Secretary of State of New Jersey]] |date=December 4, 2013 |access-date=July 3, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150704151019/http://www.njelections.org/2013-results/2013-official-general-election-results-state-senate.pdf |archive-date=July 4, 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref>}} {{Election box winning candidate with party link no change||party=Republican Party (United States)|candidate=Dawn Marie Addiego (incumbent)|votes=35,894|percentage=63.5}} {{Election box candidate with party link no change||party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=Javier Vasquez|votes=20,633|percentage=36.5}} {{Election box hold with party link without swing||winner=Republican Party (United States)}} {{End}}{{Election box begin no change}} {{Election box winning candidate with party link no change||party=Republican Party (United States)|candidate=Dawn Marie Addiego (incumbent)|votes=22,396|percentage=100.0}} {{Election box hold with party link without swing||winner=Republican Party (United States)|loser=Democratic Party (United States)}} {{End}} === Babban Taron New Jersey === {{Election box begin no change|title=New Jersey State Assembly elections, 2009<ref name="Results2005">{{cite web |url=http://press.co.burlington.nj.us/PRESS/clerk/Election.aspx?op=ELE |title=Summary Report |publisher=[[Burlington County Clerk]] |access-date=August 23, 2017 |archive-date=August 24, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170824014433/http://press.co.burlington.nj.us/PRESS/clerk/Election.aspx?op=ELE |url-status=dead }}</ref>}} {{Election box winning candidate with party link no change||party=Republican Party (United States)|candidate=Dawn Marie Addiego (incumbent)|votes=42,129|percentage=31.06}} {{Election box winning candidate with party link no change||party=Republican Party (United States)|candidate=[[Scott Rudder]] (incumbent)|votes=40,679|percentage=29.99}} {{Election box candidate with party link no change||party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=Debbie Sarcone|votes=26,397|percentage=19.46}} {{Election box candidate with party link no change||party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=Bill Brown|votes=26,384|percentage=19.45}} {{Election box hold with party link without swing||winner=Republican Party (United States)}} {{End}}{{Election box begin no change|title=New Jersey State Assembly elections, 2007<ref name="Results2005"/>}} {{Election box winning candidate with party link no change||party=Republican Party (United States)|candidate=Dawn Marie Addiego|votes=25,310|percentage=27.97}} {{Election box winning candidate with party link no change||party=Republican Party (United States)|candidate=[[Scott Rudder]]|votes=25,298|percentage=27.96}} {{Election box candidate with party link no change||party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=Tracy L. Riley|votes=20,540|percentage=22.70}} {{Election box candidate with party link no change||party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=Christopher D. Fifis|votes=19,234|percentage=21.26}} {{Election box hold with party link without swing||winner=Republican Party (United States)}} {{End}} === Kwamishinan Gundumar Burlington === {{Election box begin no change}} {{Election box winning candidate with party link no change||party=Republican Party (United States)|candidate=Dawn Marie Addiego (incumbent)|votes=65,199|percentage=27.93}} {{Election box winning candidate with party link no change||party=Republican Party (United States)|candidate=Aubrey Fenton|votes=64,486|percentage=27.66}} {{Election box candidate with party link no change||party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=Amy Vasquez|votes=52,524|percentage=22.53}} {{Election box candidate with party link no change||party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=Dean Buono|votes=50,933|percentage=21.84}} {{Election box hold with party link without swing||winner=Republican Party (United States)}} {{End}}{{Election box begin no change|title=Burlington County Freeholder Elections, 2002<ref name="Results2005"/>}} {{Election box winning candidate with party link no change||party=Republican Party (United States)|candidate=Theresa Brown (incumbent)|votes=66,322|percentage=29.64}} {{Election box winning candidate with party link no change||party=Republican Party (United States)|candidate=Dawn Marie Addiego (incumbent)|votes=65,082|percentage=29.08}} {{Election box candidate with party link no change||party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=John Fratinardo|votes=46,930|percentage=20.97}} {{Election box candidate with party link no change||party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=John S. Kocubinski|votes=45,446|percentage=20.31}} {{Election box hold with party link without swing||winner=Republican Party (United States)}} {{End}} == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1962]] [[Rukuni:Webarchive template wayback links]] h1b4g13s220rd2c1zedj0tr57q68ad7 0 147294 826346 817093 2026-04-25T21:17:21Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826346 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Deirdre "Dede" W. Alpert''' (an haife ta a ranar 6 ga Oktoba, 1945) tsohuwar sanata ce ta Amurka, 'yar majalisa kuma memba a hukumar makaranta a [[San Diego]], [[California]] . 'Yar Democrat ce, ta yi aiki a Majalisar Dokokin Jihar California a matsayin memba na gundumar 75 daga 1990 zuwa 1992 da kuma daga gundumar 78 daga 1992 zuwa 1996. Ta kasance memba a Majalisar Dattawan Jihar California a gundumar 39 daga 1996 zuwa 2004. == Rayuwar farko da ilimi == An haifi Alpert a ranar 6 ga Oktoba, 1945, a [[New York (birni)|birnin New York]] . Iyalinta sun ƙaura zuwa California a shekarar 1962 kuma ta yi karatu a Kwalejin Pomona, inda ta sami digiri a fannin gwamnati. Ta auri Michael Alpert, lauya, a Los Angeles kuma ma'auratan sun koma [[San Diego]], inda suka haifi 'ya'ya mata uku: Alison, Kristin, da Lehn. <ref> name="oac">{{Cite web |title=Inventory of the Deirdre Alpert Papers |url=http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt1x0nd6ct/ |access-date=9 May 2017 |website=Online Archive of California |publisher=California State Archives}}</ref> Kafin shiga siyasa, Alpert ta kasance memba na Hukumar Gundumar Makarantun Solana Beach daga 1983 zuwa 1990, inda ta zama shugaba a 1987. Gundumar makarantar ta fara shirye-shirye don samar da kula da yara kafin da kuma bayan makaranta, ta kafa cibiyar kula da yara kuma ta inganta makarantu biyu don jihar ta amince da su a matsayin manyan makarantu. <ref> name="oac">{{Cite web |title=Inventory of the Deirdre Alpert Papers |url=http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt1x0nd6ct/ |access-date=9 May 2017 |website=Online Archive of California |publisher=California State Archives}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt1x0nd6ct/ "Inventory of the Deirdre Alpert Papers"]. ''Online Archive of California''. California State Archives<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite></ref> Ta kasance mai fafutukar kare hakkin yara da kotu ta nada kuma ta yi aikin sa kai a makarantun 'ya'yanta, tare da United Cerebral Palsy, da kuma Girl Scouts. <ref>name="oac" </ref> == Aikin siyasa == An fara zaɓenta a Majalisar Dokokin Jihar California a zaɓen jihohi na 1990, inda ta kayar da 'yar Majalisar Republican Joyce Mojonnier da kashi 53.4% na ƙuri'un da aka kaɗa. <ref> name="oac">{{Cite web |title=Inventory of the Deirdre Alpert Papers |url=http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt1x0nd6ct/ |access-date=9 May 2017 |website=Online Archive of California |publisher=California State Archives}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt1x0nd6ct/ "Inventory of the Deirdre Alpert Papers"]. ''Online Archive of California''. California State Archives<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite></ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=JoinCalifornia - 11-06-1990 Election |url=http://www.joincalifornia.com/election/1990-11-06}}</ref> Ta gudanar da kamfen na jama'a, tare da goyon bayan jaridun gida. <ref name="oac" /> A shekarar 1995, an yi mata barazanar sake kiranta a matsayin wani ɓangare na yaƙin neman shugabancin majalisar. Ta yi aiki a Majalisar har zuwa 1996 kuma ta kasance memba a Majalisar Dattawan Jihar California daga 1996 zuwa 2004, tana wakiltar gundumar 39 a Gundumar San Diego . Ta yi ritaya daga Majalisar Dattawa a 2004 saboda iyakokin wa'adin mulki. <ref name="oac" /> <ref name="accomp">{{Cite web |title=Highlights of Laws Authored by California's Women Senators |url=https://sor.senate.ca.gov/sites/sor.senate.ca.gov/files/ctools/Legislative%20Accomplishments%201976-1999.pdf |access-date=6 September 2018 |publisher=California State Senate}}</ref> Ta jagoranci kwamitin kasafin kuɗi na Majalisar Dattawa, kwamitin haɗin gwiwa kan ilimin jama'a, da kwamitocin ilimi na Majalisar Wakilai da Majalisar Dattawa. <ref name="ncsl">{{Cite web |title=Institute for Elected Women: California |url=http://www.ncsl.org/legislators-staff/legislators/womens-legislative-network/institute-for-elected-women-california.aspx |access-date=6 September 2018 |publisher=National Conference of State Legislatures }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A tsawon lokacin da take a majalisar dokoki, Alpert ta mayar da hankali kan ilimi, muhalli, batutuwan mata da yara da kuma harkokin kasuwanci na gida. <ref name="oac">{{Cite web |title=Inventory of the Deirdre Alpert Papers |url=http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt1x0nd6ct/ |access-date=9 May 2017 |website=Online Archive of California |publisher=California State Archives}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt1x0nd6ct/ "Inventory of the Deirdre Alpert Papers"]. ''Online Archive of California''. California State Archives<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite></ref> An ruwaito cewa an san ta da "matsakaici wanda zai iya aiki a fadin jam'iyya". An yaba mata da zartar da dokar da ke buƙatar gwaji mai inganci a ilimin jama'a, da kuma ba da tallafi ga makarantu bisa ga sakamakon jarrabawa mai daidaito. <ref name="accomp"/> Ta zartar da wasu kudirori da ke gyara dokokin cin zarafin iyali don tallafawa wadanda abin ya shafa. <ref name="accomp" /> == Rayuwa daga baya == Bayan ritayarta, ta yi aiki a matsayin memba na kwamitin gudanarwa na Sharp Healthcare Hospital System, a matsayin babbar kwamishinar kwaleji ta ƙungiyar Makarantu da Kwalejoji ta Yamma, da kuma a matsayin kwamitin gudanarwa na wata makarantar haya a kudu maso gabashin San Diego. Ta kuma ci gaba da shiga cikin fafutukar kare manufofin ilimi. == Daraja == Alpert ta sami kyautar "Abokin Ilimi" ta Ƙungiyar Masu Gudanar da Makarantun California a shekarar 1998. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Friend of Education Award Recipients |url=https://www.acsa.org/application/files/2215/2583/3636/Friend_of_Ed_award_past_recipients.pdf |access-date=6 September 2018 |publisher=Association of California School Administrators}}</ref> Jaridar California Journal ta naɗa ta "Sanata ta Shekara" a shekarar 2004 kuma ta sami kyautar 'Yan Majalisa Mai Kyau daga Hukumar Ilimi ta Gundumar California a wannan shekarar. <ref name="ncsl"/> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Outstanding Legislator Award |url=http://www.theccbe.org/en/Events/OutstandingLegislatorAward |access-date=2023-09-27 |website=www.theccbe.org}}</ref> Jami'ar Jihar San Diego ta sake wa Cibiyar City Heights suna Cibiyar Dede Alpert don Haɗa kan Al'umma a shekarar 2004. An shigar da ita cikin Zauren Fitattun Mata na Gundumar San Diego a watan Maris na 2018 saboda shugabancinta na baya na Majalisar Dattawa. Takardun karatunta suna hannun Ma'ajiyar Tarihin Jihar California. <ref name="oac"/> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1945]] pnjh96ipl0ob1368l74u77nn3gtbqvj 0 147384 826375 817563 2026-04-26T00:16:19Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826375 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:StJosephsDunedin.jpg|thumb|Babban cocin St. Joseph, Dunedin]] Diocese na Katolika na Latin Rite na Dunedin ( Diocesis Dunedinensis) diocese ne na suffragan na Archdiocese na Roman Katolika na Wellington . Babban cocin da birnin suna cikin Dunedin, birni na biyu mafi girma a Tsibirin Kudancin New Zealand . An kafa shi a ranar 26 ga Nuwamba, 1869 daga wani yanki na yankin Diocese na Wellington, kafin a ɗaga shi zuwa babban cocin. == Bishop na Dunedin == == Bishof na yanzu == * Michael Dooley, Bishop na bakwai na Dunedin * Colin David Campbell, Bishop Emeritus na Dunedin. == Sauran bishop == === Bishof ɗin Coadjutor === * Hugh John O'Neill (1943–1949), bai yi nasarar gani ba * Leonard Anthony Boyle (1983–1985) === Bishop na mataimakin === * John Patrick Kavanagh (1949–1957), an naɗa shi Bishop a nan === Wani firist na wannan cocin wanda ya zama bishop === * James Michael Liston, an naɗa shi Bishop na Coadjutor na Auckland a shekarar 1920 == Babban coci == * Babban cocin St. Joseph, Dunedin == Makarantun sakandare == * Kwalejin Katolika ta Trinity, Dunedin * Kwalejin St Kevin, Oamaru * Kwalejin St Peter, Gore * Kwalejin Verdon, Invercargill == Duba kuma == * Makarantar Holy Cross * Makarantar Sakandare Mai Tsarki * Basilica ta St. Mary, Invercargill * Katolika na Roman a New Zealand * Jerin Bishof-bishof na Katolika na New Zealand == Hanyoyin haɗi na waje da nassoshi == * Archived [http://www.dn.catholic.org.nz/ Diocese na Katolika na Dunedin] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070205055135/http://www.dn.catholic.org.nz/ |date=2007-02-05 }} * {{New Zealand Catholic Dioceses}}{{New Zealand Catholic Bishops}}{{Catholic Religious Orders in New Zealand}}<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Coord|-45.87444|170.497942}} 8r6jwbti4dsd9qf00070vwxzx7anstp 0 147529 826369 818395 2026-04-25T22:24:39Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826369 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}[[Fayil:Ukrainian_correction_in_Kyiv.jpg|thumb|350x350px|Change in a graffiti in [[Kiev|Kyiv]] from Russian to Ukrainian spelling of a pun. The original Russian {{Lang|ru|"не парковать"}} ("do not park") was first changed to {{Lang|ru|не панковать}} ("do not [[wiktionary:punk|punk]]", meaning "do not [[wiktionary:mess around|mess around]]"), later changed to Ukrainian "не панкувати".]] '''Derussification a [[Ukraniya|Ukraine]]''' (Ukrainian) tsari ne na cire tasirin Rasha daga ƙasar Ukraine ta bayan Soviet. Wannan derussification ya fara ne bayan rushewar Tarayyar Soviet a 1991 kuma ya kara tsanantawa tare da rushewar abubuwan tunawa ga Lenin a lokacin Euromaidan a 2014 da kuma ci gaba da tsarin tsarin decommunization a Ukraine. Yaƙin Russo-Ukrainian ya ba da ƙarfi ga tsari. Tare da decommunization, an bayyana derussification a matsayin daya daga cikin abubuwan da suka hada da tsarin mulkin mallaka a Ukraine.<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 July 2023 |title=Ready, Set, Go Decolonization! How New Law Changes Public Spaces of Ukraine |url=https://ti-ukraine.org/en/blogs/ready-set-go-decolonization-how-new-law-changes-public-spaces-of-ukraine/}}</ref> Shirin ya bayyana kansa a cikin sake sunan sunayen sunayen da aka sanya wa sunayen 'yan kasar [[Rasha]] da al'adu, ko waɗanda aka yi imanin suna nuna Rasha da ra'ayi na duniya na Rasha, ko kuma suna da alaƙa da Rasha. Har ila yau, wani ɓangare na tsari shine rushe abubuwa na mulkin Rasha (misali, takardu, alamomi, abubuwan tunawa, busts, da bangarori). Ya zuwa ranar 8 ga Afrilu, 2022, bisa ga binciken da kungiyar zamantakewar al'umma ta yi, kashi 76% na Ukrainians suna goyon bayan shirin sake sunan tituna da sauran abubuwa waɗanda sunayensu ke da alaƙa da Rasha.<ref>{{Cite web |title=76% of Ukrainians support renaming streets and other objects related to Russia |url=https://nikopol.city/articles/205714/-76-ukrainciv-pidtrimuyut-perejmenuvannya-nazv-vulic-ta-inshih-obyektiv-povyazanih-z-rosiyeyu |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220426182504/https://nikopol.city/articles/205714/-76-ukrainciv-pidtrimuyut-perejmenuvannya-nazv-vulic-ta-inshih-obyektiv-povyazanih-z-rosiyeyu |archive-date=2022-04-26 |access-date=2022-04-22 |website=Nikopol.City |language=uk}}</ref><ref name=":8">{{Cite web |title=Eighth National Poll: Ukraine in War Conditions (April 6, 2022) |url=https://ratinggroup.ua/research/ukraine/vosmoy_obschenacionalnyy_opros_ukraina_v_usloviyah_voyny_6_aprelya_2022.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220416030558/https://ratinggroup.ua/research/ukraine/vosmoy_obschenacionalnyy_opros_ukraina_v_usloviyah_voyny_6_aprelya_2022.html |archive-date=April 16, 2022 |access-date=April 26, 2022 |language=uk}}</ref> == Tarihi == Shirin ya fara ne tare da [[Dissolution of the Soviet Union|rushewar Tarayyar Soviet]], amma tunda batun decommunization ya kasance babbar matsala, derussification ya sami kulawa kaɗan, bayan 2014, matakai biyu sun haɗu sosai kuma da farko sun faru ne mafi yawa a hanyar da ba ta dace ba. Kamar yadda aka kusan kammala tsarin decommunization a Ukraine a shekarar 2022, tsarin derussification ya kara karfi bayan mamayar Rasha a Ukraine. A cikin ƙauyuka da garuruwa, an canza sunayen tituna kuma an rushe abubuwan tunawa na Soviet-Rasha.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Derusification of consciousness or Ukrainian narration of urban space |url=https://www.istpravda.com.ua/articles/2022/04/21/161239/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220422135532/https://www.istpravda.com.ua/articles/2022/04/21/161239/ |archive-date=2022-04-22 |access-date=2022-04-22 |website=Історична правда}}</ref> Ba wai kawai gine-ginen gine-gine ba, har ma da sunayen tituna da suka shafi Rasha sun kasance masu rushewa. An yi canje-canje a [[Lviv]], [[Dnipro]], [[Kiev|Kyiv]] da [[Kharkiv]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 April 2022 |title=In the Dnipro, about 30 streets were renamed, the names of which were associated with Russia |url=https://www.ukrinform.ua/rubric-regions/3463471-u-dnipri-perejmenuvali-blizko-30-vulic-nazvi-akih-buli-povazani-z-rf.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220421120455/https://www.ukrinform.ua/rubric-regions/3463471-u-dnipri-perejmenuvali-blizko-30-vulic-nazvi-akih-buli-povazani-z-rf.html |archive-date=2022-04-21 |access-date=2022-04-22 |website=www.ukrinform.ua |language=uk}}</ref> [[Ivano-Frankivsk]] ya zama birni na farko a Ukraine da ya kasance gaba ɗaya ba tare da sunayen wurare na Rasha ba.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Without Marshal Zhukov and Moscow streets. A new wave of decommunization and derussification has begun in Ukraine. |url=https://nv.ua/ukr/ukraine/events/dekomunizaciya-ta-derusifikaciya-v-ukrajini-zminyuyut-nazvi-vulic-i-znosyat-pam-yatniki-video-50236164.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220422154923/https://nv.ua/ukr/ukraine/events/dekomunizaciya-ta-derusifikaciya-v-ukrajini-zminyuyut-nazvi-vulic-i-znosyat-pam-yatniki-video-50236164.html |archive-date=2022-04-22 |access-date=2022-04-22 |website=nv.ua |language=uk}}</ref> A watan Yunin 2022, birnin [[Kiev|Kyiv]] ya gudanar da shawarwari na lantarki don zaɓar sunayen Ukrainian waɗanda za a sake sunan tituna da murabba'in da ke ɗauke da sunayen Rasha. Ukrainians miliyan 6.5 sun shiga cikin shawarwarin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Понад 6,5 мільйонів голосів громадяни України віддали в рейтинговому електронному голосуванні щодо перейменувань міських об'єктів, назви яких пов'язані з російською федерацією та її сателітами |url=https://kmr.gov.ua/uk/content/ponad-65-milyoniv-golosiv-gromadyany-ukrayiny-viddaly-v-reytyngovomu-elektronnomu |access-date=2022-06-22 |website=KYIV CITY COUNCIL |language=uk}}</ref> == Manufofin da aka kafa == === Inganta harshen Ukrainian === * A ranar 17 ga Oktoba, 2016, Ministan Infrastructure na Ukraine Volodymyr Omelyan ya umarci ma'aikatansa da su hau Filin jirgin saman Boryspil da sauran filayen jirgin sama a Ukraine na harshen Rasha da sunayen kwaminisanci. A cewar Omelyan, duk bayanan da ke kan allon talla na lantarki da alamomi ko sanarwar masu magana da babbar murya dole ne su kasance a cikin Ukrainian da Ingilishi kawai. "Wannan ba kawai tambaya ce ta amfani da harshen jihar ba - tambaya ce ta girmama kai", in ji Ministan.<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 October 2016 |title=Аеропорти України дерусифікують |trans-title=UKRAINE'S AIRPORTS ARE DE-RUSSIFIED |url=https://umoloda.kyiv.ua/number/0/2006/104738 |access-date=2022-11-20 |website=umoloda.kyiv.ua |language=uk}}</ref> * A ranar 23 ga Mayu, 2017, "Dokokin sanya kafofin watsa labarai na talla a birnin Kyiv" da Majalisar Birnin Kyiv ta karɓa sun fara aiki. Daga yanzu zuwa gaba, duk tallace-tallace a babban birnin dole ne ya kasance a cikin Ukrainian.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-23 |title=Набуло чинності рішення Київради про україномовну рекламу в столиці |trans-title=The decision of the Kyiv City Council on Ukrainian-language advertising in the capital came into force |url=http://language-policy.info/2017/05/nabulo-chynnosti-rishennya-kyjivrady-pro-ukrajinomovnu-reklamu-v-stolytsi/ |access-date=2022-11-20 |website=Портал мовної політики |language=uk}}</ref> * A ranar 5 ga Oktoba, 2017, Majalisar Birnin Kyiv ta yanke shawara "A kan matakai don tabbatar da manufofin harshe na yanki a cikin birnin Kyiv" kuma ta tabbatar da cewa a cikin birnin Kiev Ukrainian shine harshen aiki, adana rikodin da takardun dukkan hukumomin gwamnati, kamfanoni, cibiyoyi da kungiyoyin mallakar al'umma, da kuma harshen sanarwar hukuma da saƙonni.<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 November 2017 |title=Заходи щодо забезпечення регіональної мовної політики в місті Києві. Інфографіка |trans-title=Measures to ensure the regional language policy in the city of Kyiv. Infographics |url=https://www.ukrinform.ua/rubric-other_news/2352574-zahodi-sodo-zabezpecenna-regionalnoi-movnoi-politiki-v-misti-kievi-infografika.html |access-date=2022-11-20 |website=www.ukrinform.ua |language=uk}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Новини – Деснянська районна в місті Києві державна адміністрація |trans-title=Measures to ensure the regional language policy in the city of Kyiv |url=https://desn.kyivcity.gov.ua/news/7875.html |access-date=2022-11-20 |website=desn.kyivcity.gov.ua}}</ref> * A ranar 2 ga Nuwamba, 2017, Majalisar Zhytomyr Oblast ta yanke shawara kan de-Russification na bangaren sabis a yankin. A cikin yanke shawara "A kan shawo kan sakamakon mamayar Soviet a cikin yanayin harshe na yankin Zhytomyr", an ba da shawarar yin amfani da Ukrainian a matsayin harshen aiki, adana rikodin da kuma takardun hukumomin gwamnati, kamfanoni, cibiyoyi da kungiyoyin mallakar al'umma. Bugu da kari, tallace-tallace, alamomi, sanarwa da sauran nau'ikan sauti, hoto, samfuran tallace-bambancen bidiyo da alamun farashi dole ne su kasance a cikin harshen Ukrainian.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-11-21 |title=Житомирська обласна рада прийняла рішення про дерусифікацію сфери... |trans-title=The Zhytomyr Oblast Council adopted a decision on the de-Russification of the service sector in the region |url=http://language-policy.info/2017/11/zhytomyrska-oblasna-rada-pryjnyala-rishennya-pro-derusyfikatsiyu-sfery-posluh-v-oblasti/ |access-date=2022-11-20 |website=Портал мовної політики |language=uk}}</ref> * A ranar 12 ga watan Disamba, 2017, Majalisar Birnin Cherkasy ta yanke shawara "A kan matakan tabbatar da manufofin harshe na yanki a birnin Cherkasy", bisa ga abin da Ukrainian shine babban harshe a duk fannoni na rayuwa a cikin birni. menu na gidajen cin abinci, tallace-tallace, alamomi da posters dole ne su kasance a cikin Ukrainian.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-12-29 |title=Ресторани і магазини у Черкасах мають перейти на українську мову |trans-title=Restaurants and shops in Cherkasy should switch to the Ukrainian language |url=http://language-policy.info/2017/12/restorany-i-mahazyny-u-cherkasah-mayut-perejty-na-ukrajinsku-movu/ |access-date=2022-11-20 |website=Портал мовної політики |language=uk}}</ref> * A ranar 15 ga Fabrairu, 2018, zaman majalisar birni ta Kropyvnytskyi ya amince da daftarin yanke shawara "A kan matakan tabbatar da manufofin harshe na yanki". Shawarwarin ya bayyana cewa a yankin birnin, duk sunayen cibiyoyi, kamfanoni, kungiyoyi, alamomi, posters, sanarwar jama'a, tallace-tallace dole ne su kasance kawai a cikin harshen Ukrainian. Bugu da kari, duk wuraren abinci dole ne su sami menu a cikin harshen ƙasa, wanda dole ne su ba da kyauta ga baƙi da farko. Dole ne ma'aikata suyi magana da abokan ciniki da farko a cikin Ukrainian kuma su sauya zuwa wani harshe ne kawai a buƙatar masu amfani.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 February 2018 |title=У Кропивницькому зобов'язали робити рекламу українською |trans-title=Kropyvnytskyi obliged to advertise in Ukrainian |url=https://language-policy.info/2018/02/u-kropyvnytskomu-zobov-yazaly-robyty-reklamu-ukrajinskoyu/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180224052818/http://language-policy.info/2018/02/u-kropyvnytskomu-zobov-yazaly-robyty-reklamu-ukrajinskoyu/ |archive-date=24 February 2018 |access-date=2022-11-26 |website=language-policy.info}}</ref> * A ranar 16 ga Fabrairu, 2018, Majalisar Birnin Lviv ta amince da ƙuduri "A kan tsara harshen sabis ga 'yan ƙasa a fannin samar da sabis, kasuwanci da samar da bayanai game da kayayyaki da ayyuka a birnin Lviv". Ƙudurin ya ba da shawarar cibiyoyin abinci da sabis don samar da sabis a cikin Ukrainian da Ingilishi. Takardar ta kuma tabbatar da cewa duk alamomi, posters, sanarwa da alamun farashi a Lviv za su kasance a cikin harshen jihar.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 February 2018 |title=У Львові зобов'язали підприємців вести діяльність українською мовою |trans-title=In Lviv, entrepreneurs were obliged to conduct their activities in the Ukrainian language |url=http://language-policy.info/2018/02/u-lvovi-zobov-yazaly-pidpryjemtsiv-vesty-diyalnist-ukrajinskoyu-movoyu/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180224052835/http://language-policy.info/2018/02/u-lvovi-zobov-yazaly-pidpryjemtsiv-vesty-diyalnist-ukrajinskoyu-movoyu/ |archive-date=24 February 2018 |website=language-policy.info}}</ref> * A ranar 31 ga Mayu, 2018, Shugaban Ukraine, Petro Poroshenko ya sanya hannu kan Dokar "A kan matakai na gaggawa don karfafa matsayin jihar na harshen Ukrainian da inganta kirkirar sararin al'adu na Ukraine. " Dokar da nufin tabbatar da bin ka'idojin kundin tsarin mulki game da ci gaba da aiki na harshen Ukrainiyanci a matsayin harshen jihar a duk fannoni na rayuwar jama'a a duk yankin Ukraine, karfafa rawar da take takawa a cikin al'ummar Ukraine a matsayin hanyar karfafa hadin kan jihar, tare da la'adun kasa, tare da kula da al'adun al'adun Turai, tare da kuma kula da al-harun kasa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 31, 2018 |title=Президент підписав Указ "Про невідкладні заходи щодо зміцнення державного статусу української мови та сприяння створенню єдиного культурного простору України" |trans-title=The President signed the Decree "On urgent measures to strengthen the state status of the Ukrainian language and promote the creation of a unified cultural space of Ukraine" |url=http://www.president.gov.ua/news/prezident-pidpisav-ukaz-pro-nevidkladni-zahodi-shodo-zmicnen-47870 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180604062433/http://www.president.gov.ua/news/prezident-pidpisav-ukaz-pro-nevidkladni-zahodi-shodo-zmicnen-47870 |archive-date=4 June 2018 |website=www.president.gov.ua}}</ref> * A ranar 4 ga Oktoba, 2018, wakilai 261 na Verkhovna Rada sun kada kuri'a don daftarin dokar kan tallafawa aikin yaren Ukrainian a matsayin harshen jihar (No. 5670-d) a karatun farko. Shirye-shiryen dokar don karatun na biyu ya ɗauki kimanin watanni huɗu. A wannan lokacin, Kwamitin Verkhovna Rada kan Al'adu da Ruhaniya ya yi aiki da gyare-gyare sama da dubu biyu waɗanda suka fito daga mataimakan mutane.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 October 2018 |title=Депутати підтримали в першому читанні громадський законопроект про мову (№5670-д) |trans-title=Deputies supported the public bill on language (No. 5670-d) in the first reading |url=http://language-policy.info/2018/10/deputaty-pidtrymaly-v-pershomu-chytanni-hromadskyj-zakonoproekt-pro-movu-5670-d/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007063111/http://language-policy.info/2018/10/deputaty-pidtrymaly-v-pershomu-chytanni-hromadskyj-zakonoproekt-pro-movu-5670-d/ |archive-date=7 October 2018 |website=language-policy.info}}</ref> * A ranar 25 ga Afrilu, 2019, Verkhovna Rada ta amince da dokar On tallafawa aikin yaren Ukrainian a matsayin harshen Jiha a karatun na biyu.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Павло |first=Волошин |date=2019-04-25 |title=Верховна Рада ухвалила закон "Про забезпечення функціонування української мови як державної" |trans-title=The Verkhovna Rada adopted the law "On ensuring the functioning of the Ukrainian language as a state language" |url=https://uprom.info/news/other/verkhovna-rada-ukhvalyla-zakon-pro-zabezpechennia-funktsionuvannia-ukrainskoi-movy-iak-derzhavnoi/ |access-date=2022-11-28 |website=Національний Промисловий Портал |language=uk |archive-date=2023-02-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230201125013/https://uprom.info/news/other/verkhovna-rada-ukhvalyla-zakon-pro-zabezpechennia-funktsionuvannia-ukrainskoi-movy-iak-derzhavnoi/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> * A ranar 14 ga Mayu, 2019, Verkhovna Rada na Ukraine ta ki amincewa da kudurin da ya hana sanya hannu kan dokar da aka karɓa a baya game da aikin harshen Ukrainian a matsayin harshen jihar. Shugaban Verkhovna Rada [[Andriy Parubiy]] ya sanya hannu kan dokar kan aiki da harshen Ukrainian a matsayin harshen jihar.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 May 2019 |title=Парубій підписав мовний закон |trans-title=Parubiy signed the language law |url=https://espreso.tv/news/2019/05/14/parubiy_pidpysav_movnyy_zakon |access-date=2022-11-28 |website=espreso.tv |language=uk}}</ref> * A ranar 15 ga Mayu, 2019, Shugaba Petro Poroshenko ya sanya hannu kan Dokar On tallafawa aikin yaren Ukrainian a matsayin harshen Jiha kuma washegari Voice of Ukraine ta buga dokar.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-05-15 |title=Порошенко підписав закон про мову – Новинарня |trans-title=Poroshenko signed the law on language |url=https://novynarnia.com/2019/05/15/poroshenko-pidpisav-zakon-pro-movu/ |access-date=2022-11-28 |website=novynarnia.com |language=uk}}</ref> Dokar ta fara aiki cikin watanni 2 daga ranar bugawa. == Manazarta == fwpxj5fjs3iyjgxboig8qsgpkf3uxqm 0 147707 826233 819122 2026-04-25T12:01:56Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826233 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Clar Marie Duncan Weah ( wanda aka haifa a ranar 11 ga Maris 1965) 'yar kasuwa ce 'yar Jamaica [1], mai taimakon jama'a kuma mai fafutuka wacce ta kasance matar shugaban ƙasar Liberia daga 2018 zuwa 2024. Tana auren George Weah, shugaban ƙasar Liberia na 25. Clar ta kafa gidauniyar Clar Hope a shekarar 2018, da nufin inganta rayuwar marasa galihu a Liberia. == Tarihin Rayuwa == An haifi Clar Marie Duncan a [[Kingston, Jamaica]], kuma ita ce ƙarama a cikin 'ya'ya bakwai. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=January 4, 2018 |title=Jamaica Observer Limited |url=http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/latestnews/Liberias_new_First_Lady_is_Jamaican_?profile=1 |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2020-03-15 |website=Jamaica Observer |language=en}}</ref> Tun tana ƙarama, ta yi ƙaura tare da iyalinta zuwa Amurka. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=November 12, 2018 |title=the First Lady of the Republic of Liberia – Clar Marie Weah – Liberian Spot |url=https://libspot.com/first-lady/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225170033/https://libspot.com/first-lady/ |archive-date=2021-02-25 |access-date=2020-03-15 |website=libspot.com |language=en-US}}</ref> A Amurka, ta halarci Jami'ar City ta New York kuma ta sami lasisin aikin jinya da digiri na farko a fannin Kimiyyar Lafiya. Ta fara aikinta a matsayin wakilin kula da abokan ciniki a New York a Citibank da Chase Manhattan Bank, a lokacin da ita, tare da haɗin gwiwar, ke kula da ƙananan kasuwanci. Daga baya ta ci gaba da karatunta wanda ya kai ta ga aikin jinya. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Amb. Clar Marie Weah, First Lady of the Republic of Liberia |url=https://www.emansion.gov.lr/2content_list_sub.php?main=47&related=47&pg=mp |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180311103837/http://emansion.gov.lr:80/2content_list_sub.php?main=47&related=47&pg=mp |archive-date=2018-03-11 |access-date= |website=emansion.gov.lr}}</ref> Ta yi aiki a Asibitin Jamaica da ke birnin New York. <ref>{{Cite web |title=The Executive Mansion |url=https://www.emansion.gov.lr/ |access-date=2020-03-15 |website=www.emansion.gov.lr}}</ref> === Aure da yara === Clar ya auri George Weah a ranar 26 ga Yuni 1993, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Enoku |first=Clement |date=June 26, 2019 |title=PHOTOS: Liberian President, George Weah Celebrates 27th Marriage Anniversary With Wife, Clar Weah |url=https://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2019/06/26/photos-liberian-president-george-weah-celebrates-27th-marriage-anniversary-with-wife-clar-weah/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190626201557/https://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2019/06/26/photos-liberian-president-george-weah-celebrates-27th-marriage-anniversary-with-wife-clar-weah/ |archive-date=2019-06-26 |access-date=2020-02-25 |website=GhanaCelebrities.Com |language=en-US}}</ref> kuma yana da 'ya'ya uku &#x2013; Martha Weah, George Weah Jr., da Timothy Weah . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Ari |first=Liljenwall |date=February 17, 2020 |title=Timothy Weah returns to field for Lille after lengthy injury absence |url=https://www.mlssoccer.com/post/2020/02/16/timothy-weah-returns-field-lille-after-lengthy-injury-absence |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200810121744/https://www.mlssoccer.com/post/2020/02/16/timothy-weah-returns-field-lille-after-lengthy-injury-absence |archive-date=2020-08-10 |access-date=March 15, 2020 |website=mlssoccer.com}}</ref> 'Ya'yansu maza 'yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na ƙasashen waje ne. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=September 12, 2018 |title=Like father, like son: George and Timothy Weah play on same day |url=https://en.as.com/en/2018/09/12/football/1536756926_510632.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809001902/https://en.as.com/en/2018/09/12/football/1536756926_510632.html |archive-date=2020-08-09 |access-date= |website=en.as.com/}}</ref> == Uwargidan Shugaban Ƙasa ta Laberiya (2018–2024) == Bayan zaɓen mijinta a matsayin Shugabar ƙasar Liberia ta 25, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Executive Mansion Liberia |date=February 18, 2018 |title=The Executive Mansion |url=https://www.emansion.gov.lr/2content.php?sub=121&related=19&third=121&pg=sp |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130117153926/http://www.emansion.gov.lr:80/2content.php?sub=121&related=19&third=121&pg=sp |archive-date=2013-01-17 |access-date=2020-02-25 |website=www.emansion.gov.lr}}</ref> Weah ta fara aikinta na Uwargidan Shugaban Ƙasa ta Jamhuriyar Liberia. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=February 18, 2018 |title=The Executive Mansion of Liberia |url=https://www.emansion.gov.lr/2content_list_sub.php?main=47&related=47&pg=mp |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180311103837/http://emansion.gov.lr:80/2content_list_sub.php?main=47&related=47&pg=mp |archive-date=2018-03-11 |access-date=2020-02-24 |website=www.emansion.gov.lr}}</ref> Ta fara tsara shirye-shirye da ayyukan zamantakewa waɗanda suka haɗa da ayyukan da suka shafi taimakon marayu, yara kanana a tituna, tsofaffi, mata, da 'yan mata, tare da mai da hankali kan yankunan karkara. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=June 4, 2018 |title=First Lady Weah Launches Clar Hope Foundation |url=https://www.emansion.gov.lr/2press.php?news_id=4539&related=47&pg=sp&sub=138 |access-date=2020-03-15 |website=www.emansion.gov.lr |archive-date=2022-10-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221018154908/https://www.emansion.gov.lr/2press.php?news_id=4539&related=47&pg=sp&sub=138 |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Fayil:Clar_Hope_foundation.png|thumb|211x211px]] A shekarar 2018, an kafa Gidauniyar Clar Hope a matsayin wani shiri da ba na siyasa ba. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Executive Mansion Liberia |date=June 4, 2018 |title=First Lady Weah Launches Clar Hope Foundation |url=https://www.emansion.gov.lr/2press.php?news_id=4539&related=47&pg=sp&sub=138 |access-date=2020-03-15 |website=emansion.gov.lr |archive-date=2022-10-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221018154908/https://www.emansion.gov.lr/2press.php?news_id=4539&related=47&pg=sp&sub=138 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Gidauniyar tana da nufin taimaka wa yara marasa galihu, matasa da mata. Manufofinta sun mayar da hankali kan samar da ingantaccen ilimi da kula da lafiya na gaggawa a matsayin haƙƙin lafiya na duniya da na kundin tsarin mulki ga kowane ɗan ƙasar Liberia. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Brooks |first=Cholo |date=March 21, 2019 |title=LIBERIA: First Lady Weah says Children's Education is a Priority |url=http://gnnliberia.com/2019/03/21/liberia-first-lady-weah-says-childrens-education-is-a-priority/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190323134430/http://gnnliberia.com/2019/03/21/liberia-first-lady-weah-says-childrens-education-is-a-priority/ |archive-date=2019-03-23 |access-date=2020-03-15 |website=gnnliberia.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Gidauniyar Clar Hope ta samo asali ne daga haɗakar hanyoyin samar da ci gaba mai ɗorewa . A watan Yunin 2019, Shugaba Weah ya ƙaddamar da wani shiri na musamman na Clar Weah, wato ƙungiyar "She's You". <ref name="reliefweb">{{Cite web |date=22 June 2019 |title=President Weah Promotes Women's Cause at Grand Launch of 'She's You' Movement |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/liberia/president-weah-promotes-women-s-cause-grand-launch-she-s-you-movement |access-date=27 November 2020 |publisher=reliefweb |language=}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=June 21, 2019 |title=First Lady Clar Weah Launches She's You Movement – New Republic Liberia |url=http://newrepublicliberia.com/first-lady-clar-weah-launches-shes-you-movement/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190622130057/http://newrepublicliberia.com/first-lady-clar-weah-launches-shes-you-movement/ |archive-date=2019-06-22 |access-date=2020-03-15 |website= |language=en}}</ref> A cewar sanarwar manufarta, tana da nufin inganta [[daidaiton jinsi]] ta hanyar haɓaka ƙarfafa mata da kuma yaƙi don kawo ƙarshen duk wani nau'in tashin hankali da munanan ayyuka ga mata, 'yan mata, da yara. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=October 5, 2019 |title=Liberia's first lady to launch 'she is you' movement |url=https://www.journalducameroun.com/en/liberias-first-lady-to-launch-she-is-you-movement/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190510131136/https://www.journalducameroun.com/en/liberias-first-lady-to-launch-she-is-you-movement/ |archive-date=2019-05-10 |access-date=2020-03-15 |website=Journal du Cameroun |language=fr}}</ref> Manufar ƙungiyar She's You ita ce ƙirƙirar yanayi mai kyau ga mata da 'yan mata don rayuwa ba tare da tashin hankali ba, fyaɗe, da rashin daidaiton jinsi <ref>{{Cite web |last=Worzi |first=Alvin |date=June 21, 2019 |title="We Need to Stop Protecting Rapists in Africa" |url=https://www.liberianobserver.com/news/we-need-to-stop-protecting-rapists-in-africa/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190622145516/https://www.liberianobserver.com/news/we-need-to-stop-protecting-rapists-in-africa/ |archive-date=2019-06-22 |access-date=2020-03-15 |website=Liberian Observer |language=en-US}}</ref> A lokacin ƙaddamar da "She's You", Shugaba Weah ya bayyana cewa bisa ga shirin matarsa, sabon gidan tsofaffi a gundumar Grand Bassa ya kusan shirye don amfani. <ref name="reliefweb" /> A watan Satumba na 2020, a lokacin da aka ƙaddamar da taron yaƙi da cin zarafin mata a ƙasar Liberia, Clar Weah ta nanata cewa babu wani uzuri na yin fyade a ƙasarta. Ta bayyana cewa duk da ƙoƙarinta da Ma'aikatar Jinsi, Yara da Kare Hakkin Bil Adama, [[Cin zarafin mata|cin zarafin mata da jinsi]] ya ci gaba. "Amma duk da ƙoƙarinmu," ta bayyana, "Ci gaba da cin zarafin mata. Abin takaici ne a ji ana yi wa yara 'yan ƙasa da shekara 10 fyade." Ta ambaci ingantaccen wayar da kan jama'a game da cin zarafin mata da kuma ilimin maza da maza a matsayin muhimman abubuwan da za a mayar da hankali a kansu don rage barazanar cin zarafin mata. <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 September 2020 |title=First Lady Clar Weah: THERE IS NO EXCUSE FOR RAPE! |url=https://mogcsp.gov.lr/index.php?option=com_easyblog&view=entry&id=99&Itemid=255 |access-date=27 November 2020 |publisher=Republic of Liberia: Ministry of Gender, Children and Social Protection |language=}}</ref> == Daraja == An naɗa Weah a watan Maris na 2018, a wani taron mata da aka gudanar a Morocco, Jakadiya kuma Zakaran ƙwallon ƙafa ta mata, ta hannun Hukumar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Afirka . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Steven Lavon |date=March 6, 2018 |title=CAF: la femme de George Weah nommée ambassadrice du football féminin |url=https://www.africatopsports.com/2018/03/06/caf-femme-de-george-weah-nommee-ambassadrice-football-feminin/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200111195337/https://www.africatopsports.com/2018/03/06/caf-femme-de-george-weah-nommee-ambassadrice-football-feminin/ |archive-date=2020-01-11 |access-date=2020-03-15 |website=Africa Top Sports |language=fr-FR}}</ref> An naɗa Weah a matsayin jakadan Merck Foundation <ref>{{Cite web |title=Search Page |url=https://www.merck-foundation.com/MF_Search?search=liberia |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200319170249/https://www.merck-foundation.com/MF_Search?search=liberia |archive-date=2020-03-19 |access-date=2020-03-19 |website=www.merck-foundation.com}}</ref> <nowiki>"Fiye da Uwa"</nowiki> a Liberia. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=February 24, 2020 |title=Dr. Rasha Kelej To Launch Merck Foundation In Liberia |url=https://publicagenda1.com/2020/02/24/first-lady-clar-marie-weah-others-to-launch-merck-foundation/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200225162422/https://publicagenda1.com/2020/02/24/first-lady-clar-marie-weah-others-to-launch-merck-foundation/ |archive-date=2020-02-25 |access-date=2020-03-15 |website=PUBLIC AGENDA NEWS |language=en}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}}{{Authority control}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1965]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 0m98t1arbdrd3n0ncme4ccsczkc48z4 0 147839 826411 819824 2026-04-26T05:23:57Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826411 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Fayil:Portrait_of_Dorothy_Warren.jpg|thumb|Dorothy Warren daga Glyn Philpot]] '''Dorothy Warren''' (Satumba 29, 1905 - Janairu 21, 2008) marubuciya ce 'yar Amurka, mai ɗaukar hoto kuma jami'a a Rundunar Sojojin Amurka a lokacin [[Yaƙin Duniya na II|Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu]] . Ta yi aiki a kan shirye-shiryen horarwa a aikin soja, kuma bayan yaƙin ta yi aiki a matsayin darektan Gidan New York da Makarantar Masana'antu. == Rayuwar farko == An haifi Warren a White Plains, New York . Iyayenta su ne Charles Clark Warren da Blanche Allien Warren. Mahaifinta zuriyar Thomas Leffingwell ne, wanda ya kafa Norwich, Connecticut, <ref name="Norwich">{{Cite web |title=Society of the Founders of Norwich |url=http://www.leffingwellhousemuseum.org/society-of-the-founders-of-norwich/ |access-date=July 26, 2017 |publisher=The Leffingwell House Museum }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> kuma mahaifiyarta jikanyar William Moller ce, wanda ya kafa Havemeyer & Moller, wanda daga baya ya kafa American Sugar Refining Company. <ref name="Obituary" /> Ta kammala karatunta daga Makarantar Spence ta Birnin New York a shekarar 1925 sannan ta yi karatu a Makarantar Fasaha ta California da Jami'ar Columbia . <ref name="Papers">{{Cite web |title=Warren, Dorothy, 1905-2008. Papers of Dorothy Warren, 1905-1983 (inclusive), 1937-1974 (bulk): A Finding Aid |url=http://oasis.lib.harvard.edu/oasis/deliver/~sch00349 |access-date=July 26, 2017}}</ref> == Sana'a == Daga 1927 zuwa 1931, ta yi aiki a matsayin wakilin tafiye-tafiye, sannan ta yi aiki a fannin kula da gidaje da dillalan gidaje na tsawon shekaru tara. [1] A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, ta shiga Rundunar Taimakon Sojojin Mata a 1941 kuma ta zama babbar jami'a. [1] [2] Ta yi aiki a ofisoshin ma'aikata da cibiyoyin horarwa kuma jami'ar kwamanda ce, har sai da ta bar aikin soja a 1946. [3] Bayan yaƙin, ta ƙirƙiro wani shiri na horarwa don faɗaɗa ƙwarewar mata waɗanda ke aiki a ofisoshi. An ƙirƙiri shi ne don Gidan New York da Makarantar Masana'antu, inda ta kasance darakta, tare da haɗin gwiwar Ma'aikatar Aiki ta jiha da ta tarayya. Ta yi aiki a kwamitin ƙungiyoyi daban-daban, kamar Cocin United Presbyterian, Makarantar Kiɗa ta Turtle Bay da Ƙungiyar Masu Zaɓe ta Spence. Mai ɗaukar hoto kuma mai zane, ayyukanta suna cikin Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Metropolitan, Gidan Tarihi na Birnin New York da tarin Ƙungiyar Tarihi ta New York . Ta kasance mai kula da adanawa, tana aiki tare da Cooper Hewitt, Gidan Tarihi na Smithsonian Design . <ref name="Obituary" /> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1905]] 5tgyzc11gd4npu3ob5i5ii1gg2d16gs 0 148219 826362 822372 2026-04-25T21:27:19Z InternetArchiveBot 13371 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 826362 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Dekha Ibrahim Abdi''' (Somali: , 17 Nuwamba 1964 - 14 Yuli 2011) ya kasance mai fafutukar zaman lafiya [[Kenya]]" id="mwDQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Kenya">Dan Kenya da ke zaune a [[Mombasa]], Kenya . Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga kungiyoyin gwamnati da na jama'a. Ta fito ne daga kabilar Somaliya. == Rayuwa ta mutum == An haifi Dekha a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba 1964 a Wajir . Ta auri Dokta Hassan Nurrow Abdirahman tare da ita ta haifi 'ya'ya hudu. Ma'auratan sun sake aure a shekara ta 2007 kuma a shekara ta 2009, ta auri Abdinoor, likitan ido na Kenya.<ref name="Ttmrapbnabor">{{Cite web |title=Kenya: Taking to Men´s Role as Peace Builders Not a Bed of Roses &#124; visionews.net |url=http://www.visionews.net/kenya-taking-to-men%C2%B4s-role-as-peace-builders-not-a-bed-of-roses/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221018185446/http://www.visionews.net/kenya-taking-to-men%C2%B4s-role-as-peace-builders-not-a-bed-of-roses/ |archive-date=2022-10-18 |access-date=2020-05-28 |website=www.visionews.net}}</ref> == Ayyuka == Dekha ta kasance mai kula da Coalition for Peace in Africa (COPA) da kuma NOMADIC, kungiyar makiyaya da ke zaune a Wajir . Ta kuma kasance memba na kafa kwamitin zaman lafiya da ci gaba na Wajir, hadin gwiwar zaman lafiya a Afirka, ACTION (Action for Conflict Transformation), da kuma Peace and Regeneration Oasis (PRO). Dekha ya yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara kan gina zaman lafiya da ci gaban makiyaya tare da hukumomin gida da na duniya da yawa a kasashe daban-daban, gami da Cambodia, Jordan, Habasha, Somalia, Afirka ta Kudu, Netherlands, Isra'ila, Falasdinu, Zimbabwe, Burtaniya, Uganda da Kenya. Ta kuma kasance Abokiyar Amsawa ga Rikicin kuma a baya ta yi aiki a matsayin Mai horar da RTC da Mai Gudanar da Ilimi. Wasu daga cikin sulhu da fahimtar zaman lafiya za a iya karantawa a cikin littafin "Mediation and Governance in Fragile Contexts: Small Steps to Peace" <ref>{{Cite web |title=Lynne Rienner Publishers &#124; Mediation and Governance in Fragile Contexts Small Steps to Peace |url=https://www.rienner.com/title/Mediation_and_Governance_in_Fragile_Contexts_Small_Steps_to_Peace |website=www.rienner.com}}</ref> wanda aka buga a cikin 2019. Ana iya samun shirye-shiryen bidiyo na hira na 2010 da 2011 tare da Dekha a kan layi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mediation and Governance in Fragile Contexts: Small Steps to Peace |url=https://css.ethz.ch/en/think-tank/themes/mediation-support-and-peace-promotion/mediation-governance.html |website=css.ethz.ch }}{{Dead link|date=April 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Kyaututtuka == A shekara ta 2007, an girmama Dekha da lambar yabo ta Right Livelihood . Jury ya yaba mata "don nunawa a cikin yanayi daban-daban na kabilanci da al'adu yadda za a iya sulhunta addini da sauran bambance-bambance, har ma bayan rikici na tashin hankali, kuma a haɗa su tare ta hanyar tsarin hadin gwiwa wanda ke haifar da zaman lafiya da ci gaba". An kuma girmama ta da Gernika's Peace and Reconciliation Prize a 2008 (Basque Country) da Hessian Peace Prize of Germany a 2009. == Mutuwa == A ranar 7 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2011, Dekha, mijinta Abdinoor, da direban su suna kan hanyarsu zuwa taron zaman lafiya a Garissa, lokacin da motarsu ta yi karo da babbar mota. Mijinta da direbanta sun mutu nan take. Dekha ya sami mummunan rauni kuma an kai shi [[Nairobi]]. Ta mutu jim kadan bayan haka a Asibitin Aga Khan da karfe 11.45 na safe, 14 ga Yuli 2011. Tana da shekaru 46. == Dubi kuma == * Kyautar Rayuwa ta Dama * Jerin masu fafutukar zaman lafiya == Bayani == {{Reflist}} == Manazarta == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071010212237/http://www.rightlivelihood.org/abdi.html Abdi a shafin yanar gizon Kyautar Rayuwa ta Dama] * {{YouTube|pwe6mlExHZg|Short video on Dekha Abdi}} == Haɗin waje == {{Authority control}} * [http://www.berghof-handbook.net/documents/publications/dialogue6_dekha_comm.pdf Yin aiki don zaman lafiya a cikin tsarin rikice-rikice a Kenya - Magana da Rikicin Bayan Zaben 2008] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120605152934/http://www.berghof-handbook.net/documents/publications/dialogue6_dekha_comm.pdf |date=2012-06-05 }} An adana shi 2012-06-05 a * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071010212237/http://www.rightlivelihood.org/abdi.html Tarihin Dekha Ibrahim Abdi] [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2011]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1964]] 34o4zt0yvyzy88d8qdrlb9smklgqwg6 0 148554 826456 826197 2026-04-26T07:21:57Z Pharouqenr 25549 826456 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Adanech Admassu''' (an haife shi a ranar 30 ga Mayu 1977) ɗan fim ne na Habasha . Babban aikinta yana ba da hadin kai tare da shirye-shiryen NGO a Habasha da kuma magance matsalolin kiwon lafiyar jama'a da haƙƙin ɗan adam a Habasha kuma a duk faɗin Afirka,<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2013-08-11 |title=Freelance Director |url=https://adanechadmasu.wordpress.com/about-6/ |access-date=2020-05-02 |website=Adanech Admassu Film Director & Fixer in Ethiopia |language=en}}</ref> tare da mai da hankali kan labarun 'yan mata da mata. <ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Levine |first=Sydney |date=2016-09-29 |title="From Addis To Cannes" An Interview With Ethiopian Filmmakers |url=https://blogs.sydneysbuzz.com/from-addis-to-cannes-an-interview-with-ethiopian-filmmakers-b2944da8f6d3 |access-date=2020-05-06 |website=Medium |language=en}}</ref> Tare da Gem TV, ta samar da fina-finai da yawa game da rayuwar yau da kullun a cikin al'ummomi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-11-08 |title=Ethiopia: Local TV station plays it safe |url=https://www.theafricareport.com/6405/ethiopia-local-tv-station-plays-it-safe/ |access-date=2020-05-07 |website=The Africa Report.com |language=en-US}}</ref> == Tarihin rayuwa == === Rayuwa ta farko === An haifi Adanech Admussu kuma ta girma a cikin Al'ummar Mercato <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=May 2014 |title=5 Young Ethiopian Filmmakers Selected To Attend Cannes & Present Films In Monaco |url=http://www.ethiopianfilminitiative.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=214&Itemid=139 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210001624/http://www.ethiopianfilminitiative.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=214&Itemid=139 |archive-date=2015-02-10 |access-date=2020-05-06 |website=the Ethiopian Film Initiative}}</ref> a [[Addis Ababa]], a matsayin ɗan fari a cikin iyalin Kirista. Mahaifinta ya bar iyalin tun tana yarinya. A lokacin da take da shekaru 16, ta bar makaranta. Ta kula da 'yan uwanta yayin da mahaifiyarta ke rashin lafiya kuma daga baya ta fara sayar da kayan lambu a titin Mercato don samun albashi na iyalinta. === Mai yin fim === A shekara ta 1997 ta shiga shirin horo tare da Gem TV, daya daga cikin makarantun fina-finai na farko a Habasha. Wannan shirin ya ɗauki yara daga asalin marasa galihu don horar da su su zama masu shirya fina-finai. A nan ne ta fara hulɗa da yin fim kuma an ba ta damar samun muryarta. Ta kuma sami damar ci gaba da ilimi yayin horo. Ta zauna tare da Gem TV tare da wasu tsofaffi. A shekara ta 2002 ta ba da umarnin fim dinta na farko, Stolen Childhood, wanda ke magance batun auren yara a Habasha ta hanyar ba da labarin gaskiya na yarinya da aka tilasta yin aure.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Levine |first=Sydney |date=2016-09-29 |title="From Addis To Cannes" An Interview With Ethiopian Filmmakers |url=https://blogs.sydneysbuzz.com/from-addis-to-cannes-an-interview-with-ethiopian-filmmakers-b2944da8f6d3 |access-date=2020-05-06 |website=Medium |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFLevine2016">Levine, Sydney (2016-09-29). [https://blogs.sydneysbuzz.com/from-addis-to-cannes-an-interview-with-ethiopian-filmmakers-b2944da8f6d3 ""From Addis To Cannes" An Interview With Ethiopian Filmmakers"]. ''Medium''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-06</span></span>.</cite></ref> Fim din ya lashe ta wasu kyaututtuka a Habasha da kuma duniya baki daya. Tun daga wannan lokacin ta ba da umarni ko mataimakiyar jagorantar shirye-shirye da fina-finai da suka shafi adalci na zamantakewa da jin dadin jama'a, sau da yawa tare da hadin gwiwar kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu ko kamfen na kasa da kasa. Ta mai da hankali ne daga Habasha zuwa wasu ƙasashen Afirka. <ref name=":3" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2013-08-11 |title=Freelance Director |url=https://adanechadmasu.wordpress.com/about-6/ |access-date=2020-05-02 |website=Adanech Admassu Film Director & Fixer in Ethiopia |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://adanechadmasu.wordpress.com/about-6/ "Freelance Director"]. ''Adanech Admassu Film Director & Fixer in Ethiopia''. 2013-08-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-02</span></span>.</cite></ref> A shekara ta 2014 an zaba ta don halartar bikin fina-finai na Cannes ta hanyar shirin "Daga Addis zuwa Cannes" tare da wasu masu shirya fina-fakka na Habasha guda hudu don samun damar samun ƙarin albarkatun yin fim. Ita ce ta farko daga cikin mata masu shirya fina-finai da yawa a Habasha waɗanda suka sami wannan damar.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=May 2014 |title=5 Young Ethiopian Filmmakers Selected To Attend Cannes & Present Films In Monaco |url=http://www.ethiopianfilminitiative.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=214&Itemid=139 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210001624/http://www.ethiopianfilminitiative.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=214&Itemid=139 |archive-date=2015-02-10 |access-date=2020-05-06 |website=the Ethiopian Film Initiative}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.ethiopianfilminitiative.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=214&Itemid=139 "5 Young Ethiopian Filmmakers Selected To Attend Cannes & Present Films In Monaco"]. ''the Ethiopian Film Initiative''. May 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20150210001624/http://www.ethiopianfilminitiative.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=214&Itemid=139 Archived] from the original on 2015-02-10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-06</span></span>.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Barlet |first=Olivier |date=2015-06-05 |title=Ethiopian Cinema Today: An Interview with Ethiopian Filmmakers Yamrot Nigussie, Hiwot Admasu Getaneh, Hermon Hailay, Adanech Admasu, and Debebe Daniel Negatu |url=https://muse.jhu.edu/article/583418 |journal=Black Camera |language=en |volume=6 |issue=2 |pages=221–228 |doi=10.2979/blackcamera.6.2.221 |issn=1947-4237 |s2cid=161062211 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> == Hotunan fina-finai == === Shirye-shiryen shirye-shirye da wasan kwaikwayo === * ''Stolen Childhood'' (2002) * ''Pillar of the House'' (2004) * ''Reaching the Unreachable'' (2006)<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2013-08-11 |title=Freelance Director |url=https://adanechadmasu.wordpress.com/about-6/ |access-date=2020-05-02 |website=Adanech Admassu Film Director & Fixer in Ethiopia |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://adanechadmasu.wordpress.com/about-6/ "Freelance Director"]. ''Adanech Admassu Film Director & Fixer in Ethiopia''. 2013-08-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-02</span></span>.</cite></ref> === Fim === * ''Exploring Employment Potential through Road Works – The ILO experience'' (2005)<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2013-08-11 |title=Freelance Director |url=https://adanechadmasu.wordpress.com/about-6/ |access-date=2020-05-02 |website=Adanech Admassu Film Director & Fixer in Ethiopia |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://adanechadmasu.wordpress.com/about-6/ "Freelance Director"]. ''Adanech Admassu Film Director & Fixer in Ethiopia''. 2013-08-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-02</span></span>.</cite></ref> * "Calling the Stars"<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |title=ZIFF 2018 Official Selection |url=http://www.ziff.or.tz/selection2018/ |access-date=2020-05-07 |website=ZIFF 2020}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka da karbuwa == A shekara ta 2008, fim dinta Stolen Childhood ya lashe lambar yabo kan 'yanci da adalci a bikin fina-finai na kasa da kasa na 2 na Addis kuma a shekarar 2012 ta sami lambar yabo ta 24th ONE WORLD MEDIA a madadin Gem TV <ref>{{Cite web |title=2012 Winners |url=https://www.oneworldmedia.org.uk/awards/2012-winners/ |access-date=2020-05-07 |website=One World Media |language=en-US}}</ref> don wannan fim din. A cikin 2018 gajeren fim dinta "Calling the Stars" wani zaɓi ne na gajeren fina-finai na 23rd Zanzibar International Film Festival . <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |title=ZIFF 2018 Official Selection |url=http://www.ziff.or.tz/selection2018/ |access-date=2020-05-07 |website=ZIFF 2020}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.ziff.or.tz/selection2018/ "ZIFF 2018 Official Selection"]. ''ZIFF 2020''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-07</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Bayanan da aka ambata == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1977]] qsfcg9f1yw69do7tmc4tcc2w68tezm1 826458 826456 2026-04-26T07:22:10Z Pharouqenr 25549 826458 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Adanech Admassu''' (an haife shi a ranar 30 ga Mayu 1977) ɗan fim ne na Habasha . Babban aikinta yana ba da hadin kai tare da shirye-shiryen NGO a Habasha da kuma magance matsalolin kiwon lafiyar jama'a da haƙƙin ɗan adam a Habasha kuma a duk faɗin Afirka,<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2013-08-11 |title=Freelance Director |url=https://adanechadmasu.wordpress.com/about-6/ |access-date=2020-05-02 |website=Adanech Admassu Film Director & Fixer in Ethiopia |language=en}}</ref> tare da mai da hankali kan labarun 'yan mata da mata.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Levine |first=Sydney |date=2016-09-29 |title="From Addis To Cannes" An Interview With Ethiopian Filmmakers |url=https://blogs.sydneysbuzz.com/from-addis-to-cannes-an-interview-with-ethiopian-filmmakers-b2944da8f6d3 |access-date=2020-05-06 |website=Medium |language=en}}</ref> Tare da Gem TV, ta samar da fina-finai da yawa game da rayuwar yau da kullun a cikin al'ummomi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-11-08 |title=Ethiopia: Local TV station plays it safe |url=https://www.theafricareport.com/6405/ethiopia-local-tv-station-plays-it-safe/ |access-date=2020-05-07 |website=The Africa Report.com |language=en-US}}</ref> == Tarihin rayuwa == === Rayuwa ta farko === An haifi Adanech Admussu kuma ta girma a cikin Al'ummar Mercato <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=May 2014 |title=5 Young Ethiopian Filmmakers Selected To Attend Cannes & Present Films In Monaco |url=http://www.ethiopianfilminitiative.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=214&Itemid=139 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210001624/http://www.ethiopianfilminitiative.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=214&Itemid=139 |archive-date=2015-02-10 |access-date=2020-05-06 |website=the Ethiopian Film Initiative}}</ref> a [[Addis Ababa]], a matsayin ɗan fari a cikin iyalin Kirista. Mahaifinta ya bar iyalin tun tana yarinya. A lokacin da take da shekaru 16, ta bar makaranta. Ta kula da 'yan uwanta yayin da mahaifiyarta ke rashin lafiya kuma daga baya ta fara sayar da kayan lambu a titin Mercato don samun albashi na iyalinta. === Mai yin fim === A shekara ta 1997 ta shiga shirin horo tare da Gem TV, daya daga cikin makarantun fina-finai na farko a Habasha. Wannan shirin ya ɗauki yara daga asalin marasa galihu don horar da su su zama masu shirya fina-finai. A nan ne ta fara hulɗa da yin fim kuma an ba ta damar samun muryarta. Ta kuma sami damar ci gaba da ilimi yayin horo. Ta zauna tare da Gem TV tare da wasu tsofaffi. A shekara ta 2002 ta ba da umarnin fim dinta na farko, Stolen Childhood, wanda ke magance batun auren yara a Habasha ta hanyar ba da labarin gaskiya na yarinya da aka tilasta yin aure.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Levine |first=Sydney |date=2016-09-29 |title="From Addis To Cannes" An Interview With Ethiopian Filmmakers |url=https://blogs.sydneysbuzz.com/from-addis-to-cannes-an-interview-with-ethiopian-filmmakers-b2944da8f6d3 |access-date=2020-05-06 |website=Medium |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFLevine2016">Levine, Sydney (2016-09-29). [https://blogs.sydneysbuzz.com/from-addis-to-cannes-an-interview-with-ethiopian-filmmakers-b2944da8f6d3 ""From Addis To Cannes" An Interview With Ethiopian Filmmakers"]. ''Medium''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-06</span></span>.</cite></ref> Fim din ya lashe ta wasu kyaututtuka a Habasha da kuma duniya baki daya. Tun daga wannan lokacin ta ba da umarni ko mataimakiyar jagorantar shirye-shirye da fina-finai da suka shafi adalci na zamantakewa da jin dadin jama'a, sau da yawa tare da hadin gwiwar kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu ko kamfen na kasa da kasa. Ta mai da hankali ne daga Habasha zuwa wasu ƙasashen Afirka. <ref name=":3" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2013-08-11 |title=Freelance Director |url=https://adanechadmasu.wordpress.com/about-6/ |access-date=2020-05-02 |website=Adanech Admassu Film Director & Fixer in Ethiopia |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://adanechadmasu.wordpress.com/about-6/ "Freelance Director"]. ''Adanech Admassu Film Director & Fixer in Ethiopia''. 2013-08-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-02</span></span>.</cite></ref> A shekara ta 2014 an zaba ta don halartar bikin fina-finai na Cannes ta hanyar shirin "Daga Addis zuwa Cannes" tare da wasu masu shirya fina-fakka na Habasha guda hudu don samun damar samun ƙarin albarkatun yin fim. Ita ce ta farko daga cikin mata masu shirya fina-finai da yawa a Habasha waɗanda suka sami wannan damar.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=May 2014 |title=5 Young Ethiopian Filmmakers Selected To Attend Cannes & Present Films In Monaco |url=http://www.ethiopianfilminitiative.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=214&Itemid=139 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210001624/http://www.ethiopianfilminitiative.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=214&Itemid=139 |archive-date=2015-02-10 |access-date=2020-05-06 |website=the Ethiopian Film Initiative}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.ethiopianfilminitiative.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=214&Itemid=139 "5 Young Ethiopian Filmmakers Selected To Attend Cannes & Present Films In Monaco"]. ''the Ethiopian Film Initiative''. May 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20150210001624/http://www.ethiopianfilminitiative.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=214&Itemid=139 Archived] from the original on 2015-02-10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-06</span></span>.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Barlet |first=Olivier |date=2015-06-05 |title=Ethiopian Cinema Today: An Interview with Ethiopian Filmmakers Yamrot Nigussie, Hiwot Admasu Getaneh, Hermon Hailay, Adanech Admasu, and Debebe Daniel Negatu |url=https://muse.jhu.edu/article/583418 |journal=Black Camera |language=en |volume=6 |issue=2 |pages=221–228 |doi=10.2979/blackcamera.6.2.221 |issn=1947-4237 |s2cid=161062211 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> == Hotunan fina-finai == === Shirye-shiryen shirye-shirye da wasan kwaikwayo === * ''Stolen Childhood'' (2002) * ''Pillar of the House'' (2004) * ''Reaching the Unreachable'' (2006)<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2013-08-11 |title=Freelance Director |url=https://adanechadmasu.wordpress.com/about-6/ |access-date=2020-05-02 |website=Adanech Admassu Film Director & Fixer in Ethiopia |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://adanechadmasu.wordpress.com/about-6/ "Freelance Director"]. ''Adanech Admassu Film Director & Fixer in Ethiopia''. 2013-08-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-02</span></span>.</cite></ref> === Fim === * ''Exploring Employment Potential through Road Works – The ILO experience'' (2005)<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2013-08-11 |title=Freelance Director |url=https://adanechadmasu.wordpress.com/about-6/ |access-date=2020-05-02 |website=Adanech Admassu Film Director & Fixer in Ethiopia |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://adanechadmasu.wordpress.com/about-6/ "Freelance Director"]. ''Adanech Admassu Film Director & Fixer in Ethiopia''. 2013-08-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-02</span></span>.</cite></ref> * "Calling the Stars"<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |title=ZIFF 2018 Official Selection |url=http://www.ziff.or.tz/selection2018/ |access-date=2020-05-07 |website=ZIFF 2020}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka da karbuwa == A shekara ta 2008, fim dinta Stolen Childhood ya lashe lambar yabo kan 'yanci da adalci a bikin fina-finai na kasa da kasa na 2 na Addis kuma a shekarar 2012 ta sami lambar yabo ta 24th ONE WORLD MEDIA a madadin Gem TV <ref>{{Cite web |title=2012 Winners |url=https://www.oneworldmedia.org.uk/awards/2012-winners/ |access-date=2020-05-07 |website=One World Media |language=en-US}}</ref> don wannan fim din. A cikin 2018 gajeren fim dinta "Calling the Stars" wani zaɓi ne na gajeren fina-finai na 23rd Zanzibar International Film Festival . <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |title=ZIFF 2018 Official Selection |url=http://www.ziff.or.tz/selection2018/ |access-date=2020-05-07 |website=ZIFF 2020}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.ziff.or.tz/selection2018/ "ZIFF 2018 Official Selection"]. ''ZIFF 2020''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-07</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Bayanan da aka ambata == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1977]] s7xn4rntu9t0bvhz16q8kag18kla685 826459 826458 2026-04-26T07:22:26Z Pharouqenr 25549 826459 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Adanech Admassu''' (an haife shi a ranar 30 ga Mayu 1977) ɗan fim ne na Habasha . Babban aikinta yana ba da hadin kai tare da shirye-shiryen NGO a Habasha da kuma magance matsalolin kiwon lafiyar jama'a da haƙƙin ɗan adam a Habasha kuma a duk faɗin Afirka,<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2013-08-11 |title=Freelance Director |url=https://adanechadmasu.wordpress.com/about-6/ |access-date=2020-05-02 |website=Adanech Admassu Film Director & Fixer in Ethiopia |language=en}}</ref> tare da mai da hankali kan labarun 'yan mata da mata.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Levine |first=Sydney |date=2016-09-29 |title="From Addis To Cannes" An Interview With Ethiopian Filmmakers |url=https://blogs.sydneysbuzz.com/from-addis-to-cannes-an-interview-with-ethiopian-filmmakers-b2944da8f6d3 |access-date=2020-05-06 |website=Medium |language=en}}</ref> Tare da Gem TV, ta samar da fina-finai da yawa game da rayuwar yau da kullun a cikin al'ummomi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-11-08 |title=Ethiopia: Local TV station plays it safe |url=https://www.theafricareport.com/6405/ethiopia-local-tv-station-plays-it-safe/ |access-date=2020-05-07 |website=The Africa Report.com |language=en-US}}</ref> == Tarihin rayuwa == === Rayuwa ta farko === An haifi Adanech Admussu kuma ta girma a cikin Al'ummar Mercato <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=May 2014 |title=5 Young Ethiopian Filmmakers Selected To Attend Cannes & Present Films In Monaco |url=http://www.ethiopianfilminitiative.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=214&Itemid=139 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210001624/http://www.ethiopianfilminitiative.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=214&Itemid=139 |archive-date=2015-02-10 |access-date=2020-05-06 |website=the Ethiopian Film Initiative}}</ref> a [[Addis Ababa]], a matsayin ɗan fari a cikin iyalin Kirista. Mahaifinta ya bar iyalin tun tana yarinya. A lokacin da take da shekaru 16, ta bar makaranta. Ta kula da 'yan uwanta yayin da mahaifiyarta ke rashin lafiya kuma daga baya ta fara sayar da kayan lambu a titin Mercato don samun albashi na iyalinta. === Mai yin fim === A shekara ta 1997 ta shiga shirin horo tare da Gem TV, daya daga cikin makarantun fina-finai na farko a Habasha. Wannan shirin ya ɗauki yara daga asalin marasa galihu don horar da su su zama masu shirya fina-finai. A nan ne ta fara hulɗa da yin fim kuma an ba ta damar samun muryarta. Ta kuma sami damar ci gaba da ilimi yayin horo. Ta zauna tare da Gem TV tare da wasu tsofaffi. A shekara ta 2002 ta ba da umarnin fim dinta na farko, Stolen Childhood, wanda ke magance batun auren yara a Habasha ta hanyar ba da labarin gaskiya na yarinya da aka tilasta yin aure.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Levine |first=Sydney |date=2016-09-29 |title="From Addis To Cannes" An Interview With Ethiopian Filmmakers |url=https://blogs.sydneysbuzz.com/from-addis-to-cannes-an-interview-with-ethiopian-filmmakers-b2944da8f6d3 |access-date=2020-05-06 |website=Medium |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFLevine2016">Levine, Sydney (2016-09-29). [https://blogs.sydneysbuzz.com/from-addis-to-cannes-an-interview-with-ethiopian-filmmakers-b2944da8f6d3 ""From Addis To Cannes" An Interview With Ethiopian Filmmakers"]. ''Medium''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-06</span></span>.</cite></ref> Fim din ya lashe ta wasu kyaututtuka a Habasha da kuma duniya baki daya. Tun daga wannan lokacin ta ba da umarni ko mataimakiyar jagorantar shirye-shirye da fina-finai da suka shafi adalci na zamantakewa da jin dadin jama'a, sau da yawa tare da hadin gwiwar kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu ko kamfen na kasa da kasa. Ta mai da hankali ne daga Habasha zuwa wasu ƙasashen Afirka.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2013-08-11 |title=Freelance Director |url=https://adanechadmasu.wordpress.com/about-6/ |access-date=2020-05-02 |website=Adanech Admassu Film Director & Fixer in Ethiopia |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://adanechadmasu.wordpress.com/about-6/ "Freelance Director"]. ''Adanech Admassu Film Director & Fixer in Ethiopia''. 2013-08-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-02</span></span>.</cite></ref> A shekara ta 2014 an zaba ta don halartar bikin fina-finai na Cannes ta hanyar shirin "Daga Addis zuwa Cannes" tare da wasu masu shirya fina-fakka na Habasha guda hudu don samun damar samun ƙarin albarkatun yin fim. Ita ce ta farko daga cikin mata masu shirya fina-finai da yawa a Habasha waɗanda suka sami wannan damar.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=May 2014 |title=5 Young Ethiopian Filmmakers Selected To Attend Cannes & Present Films In Monaco |url=http://www.ethiopianfilminitiative.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=214&Itemid=139 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210001624/http://www.ethiopianfilminitiative.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=214&Itemid=139 |archive-date=2015-02-10 |access-date=2020-05-06 |website=the Ethiopian Film Initiative}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.ethiopianfilminitiative.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=214&Itemid=139 "5 Young Ethiopian Filmmakers Selected To Attend Cannes & Present Films In Monaco"]. ''the Ethiopian Film Initiative''. May 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20150210001624/http://www.ethiopianfilminitiative.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=214&Itemid=139 Archived] from the original on 2015-02-10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-06</span></span>.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Barlet |first=Olivier |date=2015-06-05 |title=Ethiopian Cinema Today: An Interview with Ethiopian Filmmakers Yamrot Nigussie, Hiwot Admasu Getaneh, Hermon Hailay, Adanech Admasu, and Debebe Daniel Negatu |url=https://muse.jhu.edu/article/583418 |journal=Black Camera |language=en |volume=6 |issue=2 |pages=221–228 |doi=10.2979/blackcamera.6.2.221 |issn=1947-4237 |s2cid=161062211 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> == Hotunan fina-finai == === Shirye-shiryen shirye-shirye da wasan kwaikwayo === * ''Stolen Childhood'' (2002) * ''Pillar of the House'' (2004) * ''Reaching the Unreachable'' (2006)<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2013-08-11 |title=Freelance Director |url=https://adanechadmasu.wordpress.com/about-6/ |access-date=2020-05-02 |website=Adanech Admassu Film Director & Fixer in Ethiopia |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://adanechadmasu.wordpress.com/about-6/ "Freelance Director"]. ''Adanech Admassu Film Director & Fixer in Ethiopia''. 2013-08-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-02</span></span>.</cite></ref> === Fim === * ''Exploring Employment Potential through Road Works – The ILO experience'' (2005)<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2013-08-11 |title=Freelance Director |url=https://adanechadmasu.wordpress.com/about-6/ |access-date=2020-05-02 |website=Adanech Admassu Film Director & Fixer in Ethiopia |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://adanechadmasu.wordpress.com/about-6/ "Freelance Director"]. ''Adanech Admassu Film Director & Fixer in Ethiopia''. 2013-08-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-02</span></span>.</cite></ref> * "Calling the Stars"<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |title=ZIFF 2018 Official Selection |url=http://www.ziff.or.tz/selection2018/ |access-date=2020-05-07 |website=ZIFF 2020}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka da karbuwa == A shekara ta 2008, fim dinta Stolen Childhood ya lashe lambar yabo kan 'yanci da adalci a bikin fina-finai na kasa da kasa na 2 na Addis kuma a shekarar 2012 ta sami lambar yabo ta 24th ONE WORLD MEDIA a madadin Gem TV <ref>{{Cite web |title=2012 Winners |url=https://www.oneworldmedia.org.uk/awards/2012-winners/ |access-date=2020-05-07 |website=One World Media |language=en-US}}</ref> don wannan fim din. A cikin 2018 gajeren fim dinta "Calling the Stars" wani zaɓi ne na gajeren fina-finai na 23rd Zanzibar International Film Festival . <ref name=":5">{{Cite web |title=ZIFF 2018 Official Selection |url=http://www.ziff.or.tz/selection2018/ |access-date=2020-05-07 |website=ZIFF 2020}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.ziff.or.tz/selection2018/ "ZIFF 2018 Official Selection"]. ''ZIFF 2020''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-07</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Bayanan da aka ambata == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1977]] f1ltwrc1bwedy6xbq65hx6gjnu4epgc 826462 826459 2026-04-26T07:22:59Z Pharouqenr 25549 826462 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Adanech Admassu''' (an haife shi a ranar 30 ga Mayu 1977) ɗan fim ne na Habasha . Babban aikinta yana ba da hadin kai tare da shirye-shiryen NGO a Habasha da kuma magance matsalolin kiwon lafiyar jama'a da haƙƙin ɗan adam a Habasha kuma a duk faɗin Afirka,<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2013-08-11 |title=Freelance Director |url=https://adanechadmasu.wordpress.com/about-6/ |access-date=2020-05-02 |website=Adanech Admassu Film Director & Fixer in Ethiopia |language=en}}</ref> tare da mai da hankali kan labarun 'yan mata da mata.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Levine |first=Sydney |date=2016-09-29 |title="From Addis To Cannes" An Interview With Ethiopian Filmmakers |url=https://blogs.sydneysbuzz.com/from-addis-to-cannes-an-interview-with-ethiopian-filmmakers-b2944da8f6d3 |access-date=2020-05-06 |website=Medium |language=en}}</ref> Tare da Gem TV, ta samar da fina-finai da yawa game da rayuwar yau da kullun a cikin al'ummomi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-11-08 |title=Ethiopia: Local TV station plays it safe |url=https://www.theafricareport.com/6405/ethiopia-local-tv-station-plays-it-safe/ |access-date=2020-05-07 |website=The Africa Report.com |language=en-US}}</ref> == Tarihin rayuwa == === Rayuwa ta farko === An haifi Adanech Admussu kuma ta girma a cikin Al'ummar Mercato <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=May 2014 |title=5 Young Ethiopian Filmmakers Selected To Attend Cannes & Present Films In Monaco |url=http://www.ethiopianfilminitiative.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=214&Itemid=139 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210001624/http://www.ethiopianfilminitiative.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=214&Itemid=139 |archive-date=2015-02-10 |access-date=2020-05-06 |website=the Ethiopian Film Initiative}}</ref> a [[Addis Ababa]], a matsayin ɗan fari a cikin iyalin Kirista. Mahaifinta ya bar iyalin tun tana yarinya. A lokacin da take da shekaru 16, ta bar makaranta. Ta kula da 'yan uwanta yayin da mahaifiyarta ke rashin lafiya kuma daga baya ta fara sayar da kayan lambu a titin Mercato don samun albashi na iyalinta. === Mai yin fim === A shekara ta 1997 ta shiga shirin horo tare da Gem TV, daya daga cikin makarantun fina-finai na farko a Habasha. Wannan shirin ya ɗauki yara daga asalin marasa galihu don horar da su su zama masu shirya fina-finai. A nan ne ta fara hulɗa da yin fim kuma an ba ta damar samun muryarta. Ta kuma sami damar ci gaba da ilimi yayin horo. Ta zauna tare da Gem TV tare da wasu tsofaffi. A shekara ta 2002 ta ba da umarnin fim dinta na farko, Stolen Childhood, wanda ke magance batun auren yara a Habasha ta hanyar ba da labarin gaskiya na yarinya da aka tilasta yin aure.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Levine |first=Sydney |date=2016-09-29 |title="From Addis To Cannes" An Interview With Ethiopian Filmmakers |url=https://blogs.sydneysbuzz.com/from-addis-to-cannes-an-interview-with-ethiopian-filmmakers-b2944da8f6d3 |access-date=2020-05-06 |website=Medium |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFLevine2016">Levine, Sydney (2016-09-29). [https://blogs.sydneysbuzz.com/from-addis-to-cannes-an-interview-with-ethiopian-filmmakers-b2944da8f6d3 ""From Addis To Cannes" An Interview With Ethiopian Filmmakers"]. ''Medium''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-06</span></span>.</cite></ref> Fim din ya lashe ta wasu kyaututtuka a Habasha da kuma duniya baki daya. Tun daga wannan lokacin ta ba da umarni ko mataimakiyar jagorantar shirye-shirye da fina-finai da suka shafi adalci na zamantakewa da jin dadin jama'a, sau da yawa tare da hadin gwiwar kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu ko kamfen na kasa da kasa. Ta mai da hankali ne daga Habasha zuwa wasu ƙasashen Afirka.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2013-08-11 |title=Freelance Director |url=https://adanechadmasu.wordpress.com/about-6/ |access-date=2020-05-02 |website=Adanech Admassu Film Director & Fixer in Ethiopia |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://adanechadmasu.wordpress.com/about-6/ "Freelance Director"]. ''Adanech Admassu Film Director & Fixer in Ethiopia''. 2013-08-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-02</span></span>.</cite></ref> A shekara ta 2014 an zaba ta don halartar bikin fina-finai na Cannes ta hanyar shirin "Daga Addis zuwa Cannes" tare da wasu masu shirya fina-fakka na Habasha guda hudu don samun damar samun ƙarin albarkatun yin fim. Ita ce ta farko daga cikin mata masu shirya fina-finai da yawa a Habasha waɗanda suka sami wannan damar.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=May 2014 |title=5 Young Ethiopian Filmmakers Selected To Attend Cannes & Present Films In Monaco |url=http://www.ethiopianfilminitiative.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=214&Itemid=139 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210001624/http://www.ethiopianfilminitiative.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=214&Itemid=139 |archive-date=2015-02-10 |access-date=2020-05-06 |website=the Ethiopian Film Initiative}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.ethiopianfilminitiative.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=214&Itemid=139 "5 Young Ethiopian Filmmakers Selected To Attend Cannes & Present Films In Monaco"]. ''the Ethiopian Film Initiative''. May 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20150210001624/http://www.ethiopianfilminitiative.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=214&Itemid=139 Archived] from the original on 2015-02-10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-06</span></span>.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Barlet |first=Olivier |date=2015-06-05 |title=Ethiopian Cinema Today: An Interview with Ethiopian Filmmakers Yamrot Nigussie, Hiwot Admasu Getaneh, Hermon Hailay, Adanech Admasu, and Debebe Daniel Negatu |url=https://muse.jhu.edu/article/583418 |journal=Black Camera |language=en |volume=6 |issue=2 |pages=221–228 |doi=10.2979/blackcamera.6.2.221 |issn=1947-4237 |s2cid=161062211 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> == Hotunan fina-finai == === Shirye-shiryen shirye-shirye da wasan kwaikwayo === * ''Stolen Childhood'' (2002) * ''Pillar of the House'' (2004) * ''Reaching the Unreachable'' (2006)<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2013-08-11 |title=Freelance Director |url=https://adanechadmasu.wordpress.com/about-6/ |access-date=2020-05-02 |website=Adanech Admassu Film Director & Fixer in Ethiopia |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://adanechadmasu.wordpress.com/about-6/ "Freelance Director"]. ''Adanech Admassu Film Director & Fixer in Ethiopia''. 2013-08-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-02</span></span>.</cite></ref> === Fim === * ''Exploring Employment Potential through Road Works – The ILO experience'' (2005)<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2013-08-11 |title=Freelance Director |url=https://adanechadmasu.wordpress.com/about-6/ |access-date=2020-05-02 |website=Adanech Admassu Film Director & Fixer in Ethiopia |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://adanechadmasu.wordpress.com/about-6/ "Freelance Director"]. ''Adanech Admassu Film Director & Fixer in Ethiopia''. 2013-08-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-02</span></span>.</cite></ref> * "Calling the Stars"<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |title=ZIFF 2018 Official Selection |url=http://www.ziff.or.tz/selection2018/ |access-date=2020-05-07 |website=ZIFF 2020}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka da karbuwa == A shekara ta 2008, fim dinta Stolen Childhood ya lashe lambar yabo kan 'yanci da adalci a bikin fina-finai na kasa da kasa na 2 na Addis kuma a shekarar 2012 ta sami lambar yabo ta 24th ONE WORLD MEDIA a madadin Gem TV <ref>{{Cite web |title=2012 Winners |url=https://www.oneworldmedia.org.uk/awards/2012-winners/ |access-date=2020-05-07 |website=One World Media |language=en-US}}</ref> don wannan fim din. A cikin 2018 gajeren fim dinta "Calling the Stars" wani zaɓi ne na gajeren fina-finai na 23rd Zanzibar International Film Festival.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |title=ZIFF 2018 Official Selection |url=http://www.ziff.or.tz/selection2018/ |access-date=2020-05-07 |website=ZIFF 2020}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.ziff.or.tz/selection2018/ "ZIFF 2018 Official Selection"]. ''ZIFF 2020''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-07</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Bayanan da aka ambata == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1977]] s72iujawv45dfm9wyyxgnvnbcwx3lgd 826463 826462 2026-04-26T07:23:15Z Pharouqenr 25549 826463 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Adanech Admassu''' (an haife shi a ranar 30 ga Mayu 1977) ɗan fim ne na Habasha . Babban aikinta yana ba da hadin kai tare da shirye-shiryen NGO a Habasha da kuma magance matsalolin kiwon lafiyar jama'a da haƙƙin ɗan adam a Habasha kuma a duk faɗin Afirka,<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2013-08-11 |title=Freelance Director |url=https://adanechadmasu.wordpress.com/about-6/ |access-date=2020-05-02 |website=Adanech Admassu Film Director & Fixer in Ethiopia |language=en}}</ref> tare da mai da hankali kan labarun 'yan mata da mata.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Levine |first=Sydney |date=2016-09-29 |title="From Addis To Cannes" An Interview With Ethiopian Filmmakers |url=https://blogs.sydneysbuzz.com/from-addis-to-cannes-an-interview-with-ethiopian-filmmakers-b2944da8f6d3 |access-date=2020-05-06 |website=Medium |language=en}}</ref> Tare da Gem TV, ta samar da fina-finai da yawa game da rayuwar yau da kullun a cikin al'ummomi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-11-08 |title=Ethiopia: Local TV station plays it safe |url=https://www.theafricareport.com/6405/ethiopia-local-tv-station-plays-it-safe/ |access-date=2020-05-07 |website=The Africa Report.com |language=en-US}}</ref> == Tarihin rayuwa == === Rayuwa ta farko === An haifi Adanech Admussu kuma ta girma a cikin Al'ummar Mercato <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=May 2014 |title=5 Young Ethiopian Filmmakers Selected To Attend Cannes & Present Films In Monaco |url=http://www.ethiopianfilminitiative.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=214&Itemid=139 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210001624/http://www.ethiopianfilminitiative.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=214&Itemid=139 |archive-date=2015-02-10 |access-date=2020-05-06 |website=the Ethiopian Film Initiative}}</ref> a [[Addis Ababa]], a matsayin ɗan fari a cikin iyalin Kirista. Mahaifinta ya bar iyalin tun tana yarinya. A lokacin da take da shekaru 16, ta bar makaranta. Ta kula da 'yan uwanta yayin da mahaifiyarta ke rashin lafiya kuma daga baya ta fara sayar da kayan lambu a titin Mercato don samun albashi na iyalinta. === Mai yin fim === A shekara ta 1997 ta shiga shirin horo tare da Gem TV, daya daga cikin makarantun fina-finai na farko a Habasha. Wannan shirin ya ɗauki yara daga asalin marasa galihu don horar da su su zama masu shirya fina-finai. A nan ne ta fara hulɗa da yin fim kuma an ba ta damar samun muryarta. Ta kuma sami damar ci gaba da ilimi yayin horo. Ta zauna tare da Gem TV tare da wasu tsofaffi. A shekara ta 2002 ta ba da umarnin fim dinta na farko, Stolen Childhood, wanda ke magance batun auren yara a Habasha ta hanyar ba da labarin gaskiya na yarinya da aka tilasta yin aure.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Levine |first=Sydney |date=2016-09-29 |title="From Addis To Cannes" An Interview With Ethiopian Filmmakers |url=https://blogs.sydneysbuzz.com/from-addis-to-cannes-an-interview-with-ethiopian-filmmakers-b2944da8f6d3 |access-date=2020-05-06 |website=Medium |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFLevine2016">Levine, Sydney (2016-09-29). [https://blogs.sydneysbuzz.com/from-addis-to-cannes-an-interview-with-ethiopian-filmmakers-b2944da8f6d3 ""From Addis To Cannes" An Interview With Ethiopian Filmmakers"]. ''Medium''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-06</span></span>.</cite></ref> Fim din ya lashe ta wasu kyaututtuka a Habasha da kuma duniya baki daya. Tun daga wannan lokacin ta ba da umarni ko mataimakiyar jagorantar shirye-shirye da fina-finai da suka shafi adalci na zamantakewa da jin dadin jama'a, sau da yawa tare da hadin gwiwar kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu ko kamfen na kasa da kasa. Ta mai da hankali ne daga Habasha zuwa wasu ƙasashen Afirka.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2013-08-11 |title=Freelance Director |url=https://adanechadmasu.wordpress.com/about-6/ |access-date=2020-05-02 |website=Adanech Admassu Film Director & Fixer in Ethiopia |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://adanechadmasu.wordpress.com/about-6/ "Freelance Director"]. ''Adanech Admassu Film Director & Fixer in Ethiopia''. 2013-08-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-02</span></span>.</cite></ref> A shekara ta 2014 an zaba ta don halartar bikin fina-finai na Cannes ta hanyar shirin "Daga Addis zuwa Cannes" tare da wasu masu shirya fina-fakka na Habasha guda hudu don samun damar samun ƙarin albarkatun yin fim. Ita ce ta farko daga cikin mata masu shirya fina-finai da yawa a Habasha waɗanda suka sami wannan damar.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=May 2014 |title=5 Young Ethiopian Filmmakers Selected To Attend Cannes & Present Films In Monaco |url=http://www.ethiopianfilminitiative.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=214&Itemid=139 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210001624/http://www.ethiopianfilminitiative.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=214&Itemid=139 |archive-date=2015-02-10 |access-date=2020-05-06 |website=the Ethiopian Film Initiative}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.ethiopianfilminitiative.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=214&Itemid=139 "5 Young Ethiopian Filmmakers Selected To Attend Cannes & Present Films In Monaco"]. ''the Ethiopian Film Initiative''. May 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20150210001624/http://www.ethiopianfilminitiative.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=214&Itemid=139 Archived] from the original on 2015-02-10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-06</span></span>.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Barlet |first=Olivier |date=2015-06-05 |title=Ethiopian Cinema Today: An Interview with Ethiopian Filmmakers Yamrot Nigussie, Hiwot Admasu Getaneh, Hermon Hailay, Adanech Admasu, and Debebe Daniel Negatu |url=https://muse.jhu.edu/article/583418 |journal=Black Camera |language=en |volume=6 |issue=2 |pages=221–228 |doi=10.2979/blackcamera.6.2.221 |issn=1947-4237 |s2cid=161062211 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> == Hotunan fina-finai == === Shirye-shiryen shirye-shirye da wasan kwaikwayo === * ''Stolen Childhood'' (2002) * ''Pillar of the House'' (2004) * ''Reaching the Unreachable'' (2006)<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2013-08-11 |title=Freelance Director |url=https://adanechadmasu.wordpress.com/about-6/ |access-date=2020-05-02 |website=Adanech Admassu Film Director & Fixer in Ethiopia |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://adanechadmasu.wordpress.com/about-6/ "Freelance Director"]. ''Adanech Admassu Film Director & Fixer in Ethiopia''. 2013-08-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-02</span></span>.</cite></ref> === Fim === * ''Exploring Employment Potential through Road Works – The ILO experience'' (2005)<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2013-08-11 |title=Freelance Director |url=https://adanechadmasu.wordpress.com/about-6/ |access-date=2020-05-02 |website=Adanech Admassu Film Director & Fixer in Ethiopia |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://adanechadmasu.wordpress.com/about-6/ "Freelance Director"]. ''Adanech Admassu Film Director & Fixer in Ethiopia''. 2013-08-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-02</span></span>.</cite></ref> * "Calling the Stars"<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |title=ZIFF 2018 Official Selection |url=http://www.ziff.or.tz/selection2018/ |access-date=2020-05-07 |website=ZIFF 2020}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka da karbuwa == A shekara ta 2008, fim dinta Stolen Childhood ya lashe lambar yabo kan 'yanci da adalci a bikin fina-finai na kasa da kasa na 2 na Addis kuma a shekarar 2012 ta sami lambar yabo ta 24th ONE WORLD MEDIA a madadin Gem TV <ref>{{Cite web |title=2012 Winners |url=https://www.oneworldmedia.org.uk/awards/2012-winners/ |access-date=2020-05-07 |website=One World Media |language=en-US}}</ref> don wannan fim din. A cikin 2018 gajeren fim dinta "Calling the Stars" wani zaɓi ne na gajeren fina-finai na 23rd Zanzibar International Film Festival.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |title=ZIFF 2018 Official Selection |url=http://www.ziff.or.tz/selection2018/ |access-date=2020-05-07 |website=ZIFF 2020}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.ziff.or.tz/selection2018/ "ZIFF 2018 Official Selection"]. ''ZIFF 2020''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-07</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1977]] tmas59yohkcnwzg900g0pra9whibpaj 826466 826463 2026-04-26T07:23:32Z Pharouqenr 25549 826466 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Adanech Admassu''' (an haife shi a ranar 30 ga Mayu 1977) ɗan fim ne na Habasha . Babban aikinta yana ba da hadin kai tare da shirye-shiryen NGO a Habasha da kuma magance matsalolin kiwon lafiyar jama'a da haƙƙin ɗan adam a Habasha kuma a duk faɗin Afirka,<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2013-08-11 |title=Freelance Director |url=https://adanechadmasu.wordpress.com/about-6/ |access-date=2020-05-02 |website=Adanech Admassu Film Director & Fixer in Ethiopia |language=en}}</ref> tare da mai da hankali kan labarun 'yan mata da mata.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Levine |first=Sydney |date=2016-09-29 |title="From Addis To Cannes" An Interview With Ethiopian Filmmakers |url=https://blogs.sydneysbuzz.com/from-addis-to-cannes-an-interview-with-ethiopian-filmmakers-b2944da8f6d3 |access-date=2020-05-06 |website=Medium |language=en}}</ref> Tare da Gem TV, ta samar da fina-finai da yawa game da rayuwar yau da kullun a cikin al'ummomi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-11-08 |title=Ethiopia: Local TV station plays it safe |url=https://www.theafricareport.com/6405/ethiopia-local-tv-station-plays-it-safe/ |access-date=2020-05-07 |website=The Africa Report.com |language=en-US}}</ref> == Tarihin rayuwa == === Rayuwa ta farko === An haifi Adanech Admussu kuma ta girma a cikin Al'ummar Mercato <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=May 2014 |title=5 Young Ethiopian Filmmakers Selected To Attend Cannes & Present Films In Monaco |url=http://www.ethiopianfilminitiative.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=214&Itemid=139 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210001624/http://www.ethiopianfilminitiative.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=214&Itemid=139 |archive-date=2015-02-10 |access-date=2020-05-06 |website=the Ethiopian Film Initiative}}</ref> a [[Addis Ababa]], a matsayin ɗan fari a cikin iyalin Kirista. Mahaifinta ya bar iyalin tun tana yarinya. A lokacin da take da shekaru 16, ta bar makaranta. Ta kula da 'yan uwanta yayin da mahaifiyarta ke rashin lafiya kuma daga baya ta fara sayar da kayan lambu a titin Mercato don samun albashi na iyalinta. === Mai yin fim === A shekara ta 1997 ta shiga shirin horo tare da Gem TV, daya daga cikin makarantun fina-finai na farko a Habasha. Wannan shirin ya ɗauki yara daga asalin marasa galihu don horar da su su zama masu shirya fina-finai. A nan ne ta fara hulɗa da yin fim kuma an ba ta damar samun muryarta. Ta kuma sami damar ci gaba da ilimi yayin horo. Ta zauna tare da Gem TV tare da wasu tsofaffi. A shekara ta 2002 ta ba da umarnin fim dinta na farko, Stolen Childhood, wanda ke magance batun auren yara a Habasha ta hanyar ba da labarin gaskiya na yarinya da aka tilasta yin aure.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Levine |first=Sydney |date=2016-09-29 |title="From Addis To Cannes" An Interview With Ethiopian Filmmakers |url=https://blogs.sydneysbuzz.com/from-addis-to-cannes-an-interview-with-ethiopian-filmmakers-b2944da8f6d3 |access-date=2020-05-06 |website=Medium |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFLevine2016">Levine, Sydney (2016-09-29). [https://blogs.sydneysbuzz.com/from-addis-to-cannes-an-interview-with-ethiopian-filmmakers-b2944da8f6d3 ""From Addis To Cannes" An Interview With Ethiopian Filmmakers"]. ''Medium''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-06</span></span>.</cite></ref> Fim din ya lashe ta wasu kyaututtuka a Habasha da kuma duniya baki daya. Tun daga wannan lokacin ta ba da umarni ko mataimakiyar jagorantar shirye-shirye da fina-finai da suka shafi adalci na zamantakewa da jin dadin jama'a, sau da yawa tare da hadin gwiwar kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu ko kamfen na kasa da kasa. Ta mai da hankali ne daga Habasha zuwa wasu ƙasashen Afirka.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2013-08-11 |title=Freelance Director |url=https://adanechadmasu.wordpress.com/about-6/ |access-date=2020-05-02 |website=Adanech Admassu Film Director & Fixer in Ethiopia |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://adanechadmasu.wordpress.com/about-6/ "Freelance Director"]. ''Adanech Admassu Film Director & Fixer in Ethiopia''. 2013-08-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-02</span></span>.</cite></ref> A shekara ta 2014 an zaba ta don halartar bikin fina-finai na Cannes ta hanyar shirin "Daga Addis zuwa Cannes" tare da wasu masu shirya fina-fakka na Habasha guda hudu don samun damar samun ƙarin albarkatun yin fim. Ita ce ta farko daga cikin mata masu shirya fina-finai da yawa a Habasha waɗanda suka sami wannan damar.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=May 2014 |title=5 Young Ethiopian Filmmakers Selected To Attend Cannes & Present Films In Monaco |url=http://www.ethiopianfilminitiative.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=214&Itemid=139 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210001624/http://www.ethiopianfilminitiative.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=214&Itemid=139 |archive-date=2015-02-10 |access-date=2020-05-06 |website=the Ethiopian Film Initiative}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.ethiopianfilminitiative.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=214&Itemid=139 "5 Young Ethiopian Filmmakers Selected To Attend Cannes & Present Films In Monaco"]. ''the Ethiopian Film Initiative''. May 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20150210001624/http://www.ethiopianfilminitiative.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=214&Itemid=139 Archived] from the original on 2015-02-10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-06</span></span>.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Barlet |first=Olivier |date=2015-06-05 |title=Ethiopian Cinema Today: An Interview with Ethiopian Filmmakers Yamrot Nigussie, Hiwot Admasu Getaneh, Hermon Hailay, Adanech Admasu, and Debebe Daniel Negatu |url=https://muse.jhu.edu/article/583418 |journal=Black Camera |language=en |volume=6 |issue=2 |pages=221–228 |doi=10.2979/blackcamera.6.2.221 |issn=1947-4237 |s2cid=161062211 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> == Hotunan fina-finai == === Shirye-shiryen shirye-shirye da wasan kwaikwayo === * ''Stolen Childhood'' (2002) * ''Pillar of the House'' (2004) * ''Reaching the Unreachable'' (2006)<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2013-08-11 |title=Freelance Director |url=https://adanechadmasu.wordpress.com/about-6/ |access-date=2020-05-02 |website=Adanech Admassu Film Director & Fixer in Ethiopia |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://adanechadmasu.wordpress.com/about-6/ "Freelance Director"]. ''Adanech Admassu Film Director & Fixer in Ethiopia''. 2013-08-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-02</span></span>.</cite></ref> === Fim === * ''Exploring Employment Potential through Road Works – The ILO experience'' (2005)<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2013-08-11 |title=Freelance Director |url=https://adanechadmasu.wordpress.com/about-6/ |access-date=2020-05-02 |website=Adanech Admassu Film Director & Fixer in Ethiopia |language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://adanechadmasu.wordpress.com/about-6/ "Freelance Director"]. ''Adanech Admassu Film Director & Fixer in Ethiopia''. 2013-08-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-02</span></span>.</cite></ref> * "Calling the Stars"<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |title=ZIFF 2018 Official Selection |url=http://www.ziff.or.tz/selection2018/ |access-date=2020-05-07 |website=ZIFF 2020}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka da karbuwa == A shekara ta 2008, fim dinta Stolen Childhood ya lashe lambar yabo kan 'yanci da adalci a bikin fina-finai na kasa da kasa na 2 na Addis kuma a shekarar 2012 ta sami lambar yabo ta 24th ONE WORLD MEDIA a madadin Gem TV <ref>{{Cite web |title=2012 Winners |url=https://www.oneworldmedia.org.uk/awards/2012-winners/ |access-date=2020-05-07 |website=One World Media |language=en-US}}</ref> don wannan fim din. A cikin 2018 gajeren fim dinta "Calling the Stars" wani zaɓi ne na gajeren fina-finai na 23rd Zanzibar International Film Festival.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |title=ZIFF 2018 Official Selection |url=http://www.ziff.or.tz/selection2018/ |access-date=2020-05-07 |website=ZIFF 2020}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.ziff.or.tz/selection2018/ "ZIFF 2018 Official Selection"]. ''ZIFF 2020''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-07</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1977]] tjxx1kkuiuyqvf5g4qzmho9g6dg2vbs 0 148556 826279 2026-04-25T17:15:25Z Gwanki 3834 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1332959835|Salome Mulugeta]]" 826279 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Salome_Mulugeta_at_Mayor_Muriel_Bowser_Proclamation.jpg|right|thumb|Salome Mulugeta a Mayor Muriel Bowser Sanarwar]] '''Salome Mulugeta''' 'yar fim ce ta Habasha da Eritrea-Amurka, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo kuma ɗan jarida da ya yi karatu a Ingila. Ita ce mai ba da lambar yabo ta Society of Ethiopians da aka kafa a Diaspora (SEED) a shekara ta 2024, mai karɓar lambar yabo ta Ambassador 2019 da kuma mai ba da sanarwar girmamawa ga Mayor Muriel Bowser . Salome an fi saninta da fim dinta na farko, Woven, wanda Ryan Spahn ya rubuta, da kuma lashe kyautar Audience Narrative Award for Film Directed by Women of Color a bikin fina-finai na Afirka a New York. Mulugeta da Nagwa Ibrahim sun jagoranci Woven wanda aka fara a bikin fina-finai na Los Angeles . == Tarihi == An haifi Salome Mulugeta a [[Addis Ababa]], Habasha . Ta halarci Makarantar 'yan mata ta Clarendon a [[Bedfordshire, England,|Bedfordshire, Ingila,]] kafin ta yi karatun watsa shirye-shirye da aikin jarida a Jami'ar Nazarene ta MidAmerica, jami'ar Kirista mai zaman kanta a [[Kansas|Olathe, Kansas]] . Salome ta yi aiki a gidan talabijin na gida a Kansas kafin ta koma [[Los Angeles]], inda ta rubuta ''Woven'' tare da ɗan wasan kwaikwayo Ryan Spahn . Bayan saduwa da Nagwa Ibrahim, ma'aurata sun ba da umarni kuma sun samar da ''Woven'' tare. Fim din, wanda Mulugeta ya fito, ya fara fitowa a New York a bikin fina-finai na Afirka na 2017 a New York, kuma ya nuna farkon duniya a Bikin Fim na Los Angeles na 2016. <ref name="Sandoval" /> == Hotunan fina-finai == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 6zes93jdgeihphzy86ik6tmz3d5iwrz 826280 826279 2026-04-25T17:15:50Z Gwanki 3834 826280 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Salome_Mulugeta_at_Mayor_Muriel_Bowser_Proclamation.jpg|right|thumb|Salome Mulugeta a Mayor Muriel Bowser Sanarwar]] '''Salome Mulugeta''' 'yar fim ce ta Habasha da Eritrea-Amurka, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo kuma ɗan jarida da ya yi karatu a Ingila. Ita ce mai ba da lambar yabo ta Society of Ethiopians da aka kafa a Diaspora (SEED) a shekara ta 2024, mai karɓar lambar yabo ta Ambassador 2019 da kuma mai ba da sanarwar girmamawa ga Mayor Muriel Bowser . Salome an fi saninta da fim dinta na farko, Woven, wanda Ryan Spahn ya rubuta, da kuma lashe kyautar Audience Narrative Award for Film Directed by Women of Color a bikin fina-finai na Afirka a New York. Mulugeta da Nagwa Ibrahim sun jagoranci Woven wanda aka fara a bikin fina-finai na Los Angeles . == Tarihi == An haifi Salome Mulugeta a [[Addis Ababa]], Habasha . Ta halarci Makarantar 'yan mata ta Clarendon a [[Bedfordshire, England,|Bedfordshire, Ingila,]] kafin ta yi karatun watsa shirye-shirye da aikin jarida a Jami'ar Nazarene ta MidAmerica, jami'ar Kirista mai zaman kanta a [[Kansas|Olathe, Kansas]] . Salome ta yi aiki a gidan talabijin na gida a Kansas kafin ta koma [[Los Angeles]], inda ta rubuta ''Woven'' tare da ɗan wasan kwaikwayo Ryan Spahn . Bayan saduwa da Nagwa Ibrahim, ma'aurata sun ba da umarni kuma sun samar da ''Woven'' tare. Fim din, wanda Mulugeta ya fito, ya fara fitowa a New York a bikin fina-finai na Afirka na 2017 a New York, kuma ya nuna farkon duniya a Bikin Fim na Los Angeles na 2016. <ref name="Sandoval" /> == Hotunan fina-finai == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] cqra3zqufiz12syh04cwkvawzoima8r 826281 826280 2026-04-25T17:16:29Z Gwanki 3834 826281 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Salome_Mulugeta_at_Mayor_Muriel_Bowser_Proclamation.jpg|right|thumb|Salome Mulugeta a Mayor Muriel Bowser Sanarwar]] '''Salome Mulugeta''' 'yar fim ce ta Habasha da Eritrea-Amurka, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo kuma ɗan jarida da ya yi karatu a Ingila. Ita ce mai ba da lambar yabo ta Society of Ethiopians da aka kafa a Diaspora (SEED) a shekara ta 2024, mai karɓar lambar yabo ta Ambassador 2019 da kuma mai ba da sanarwar girmamawa ga Mayor Muriel Bowser . Salome an fi saninta da fim dinta na farko, Woven, wanda Ryan Spahn ya rubuta, da kuma lashe kyautar Audience Narrative Award for Film Directed by Women of Color a bikin fina-finai na Afirka a New York. Mulugeta da Nagwa Ibrahim sun jagoranci Woven wanda aka fara a bikin fina-finai na Los Angeles.<ref name="Nawar">Essraa Nawar, [https://www.huffingtonpost.com/essraa-nawar/why-i-fell-in-love-with-w_b_8892890.html Why I Fell In Love With Woven?], ''[[Huffington Post]]'', 1 January 2016.</ref> == Tarihi == An haifi Salome Mulugeta a [[Addis Ababa]], Habasha . Ta halarci Makarantar 'yan mata ta Clarendon a [[Bedfordshire, England,|Bedfordshire, Ingila,]] kafin ta yi karatun watsa shirye-shirye da aikin jarida a Jami'ar Nazarene ta MidAmerica, jami'ar Kirista mai zaman kanta a [[Kansas|Olathe, Kansas]] . Salome ta yi aiki a gidan talabijin na gida a Kansas kafin ta koma [[Los Angeles]], inda ta rubuta ''Woven'' tare da ɗan wasan kwaikwayo Ryan Spahn . Bayan saduwa da Nagwa Ibrahim, ma'aurata sun ba da umarni kuma sun samar da ''Woven'' tare. Fim din, wanda Mulugeta ya fito, ya fara fitowa a New York a bikin fina-finai na Afirka na 2017 a New York, kuma ya nuna farkon duniya a Bikin Fim na Los Angeles na 2016. <ref name="Sandoval" /> == Hotunan fina-finai == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] phe8za52ilz4p6c36mbvvd7g209fws2 826282 826281 2026-04-25T17:17:11Z Gwanki 3834 /* Tarihi */ 826282 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Salome_Mulugeta_at_Mayor_Muriel_Bowser_Proclamation.jpg|right|thumb|Salome Mulugeta a Mayor Muriel Bowser Sanarwar]] '''Salome Mulugeta''' 'yar fim ce ta Habasha da Eritrea-Amurka, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo kuma ɗan jarida da ya yi karatu a Ingila. Ita ce mai ba da lambar yabo ta Society of Ethiopians da aka kafa a Diaspora (SEED) a shekara ta 2024, mai karɓar lambar yabo ta Ambassador 2019 da kuma mai ba da sanarwar girmamawa ga Mayor Muriel Bowser . Salome an fi saninta da fim dinta na farko, Woven, wanda Ryan Spahn ya rubuta, da kuma lashe kyautar Audience Narrative Award for Film Directed by Women of Color a bikin fina-finai na Afirka a New York. Mulugeta da Nagwa Ibrahim sun jagoranci Woven wanda aka fara a bikin fina-finai na Los Angeles.<ref name="Nawar">Essraa Nawar, [https://www.huffingtonpost.com/essraa-nawar/why-i-fell-in-love-with-w_b_8892890.html Why I Fell In Love With Woven?], ''[[Huffington Post]]'', 1 January 2016.</ref> == Tarihi == An haifi Salome Mulugeta a [[Addis Ababa]], Habasha . Ta halarci Makarantar 'yan mata ta Clarendon a [[Bedfordshire, England,|Bedfordshire, Ingila,]] kafin ta yi karatun watsa shirye-shirye da aikin jarida a Jami'ar Nazarene ta MidAmerica, jami'ar Kirista mai zaman kanta a [[Kansas|Olathe, Kansas]] .<ref>Art Shrian Tiwari, [http://www.mynewyorkeye.com/film-news/artist-of-the-month-salome-mulugeta Artist of the Month: Salome Mulugeta], myNewYorkeye, September 4, 2016.</ref> Salome ta yi aiki a gidan talabijin na gida a Kansas kafin ta koma [[Los Angeles]], inda ta rubuta ''Woven'' tare da ɗan wasan kwaikwayo Ryan Spahn . Bayan saduwa da Nagwa Ibrahim, ma'aurata sun ba da umarni kuma sun samar da ''Woven'' tare. Fim din, wanda Mulugeta ya fito, ya fara fitowa a New York a bikin fina-finai na Afirka na 2017 a New York, kuma ya nuna farkon duniya a Bikin Fim na Los Angeles na 2016. <ref name="Sandoval" /> == Hotunan fina-finai == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] swk290aar5dhlvbgsl8jz5ptwqlql3y 826283 826282 2026-04-25T17:17:41Z Gwanki 3834 /* Tarihi */ 826283 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Salome_Mulugeta_at_Mayor_Muriel_Bowser_Proclamation.jpg|right|thumb|Salome Mulugeta a Mayor Muriel Bowser Sanarwar]] '''Salome Mulugeta''' 'yar fim ce ta Habasha da Eritrea-Amurka, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo kuma ɗan jarida da ya yi karatu a Ingila. Ita ce mai ba da lambar yabo ta Society of Ethiopians da aka kafa a Diaspora (SEED) a shekara ta 2024, mai karɓar lambar yabo ta Ambassador 2019 da kuma mai ba da sanarwar girmamawa ga Mayor Muriel Bowser . Salome an fi saninta da fim dinta na farko, Woven, wanda Ryan Spahn ya rubuta, da kuma lashe kyautar Audience Narrative Award for Film Directed by Women of Color a bikin fina-finai na Afirka a New York. Mulugeta da Nagwa Ibrahim sun jagoranci Woven wanda aka fara a bikin fina-finai na Los Angeles.<ref name="Nawar">Essraa Nawar, [https://www.huffingtonpost.com/essraa-nawar/why-i-fell-in-love-with-w_b_8892890.html Why I Fell In Love With Woven?], ''[[Huffington Post]]'', 1 January 2016.</ref> == Tarihi == An haifi Salome Mulugeta a [[Addis Ababa]], Habasha . Ta halarci Makarantar 'yan mata ta Clarendon a [[Bedfordshire, England,|Bedfordshire, Ingila,]] kafin ta yi karatun watsa shirye-shirye da aikin jarida a Jami'ar Nazarene ta MidAmerica, jami'ar Kirista mai zaman kanta a [[Kansas|Olathe, Kansas]] .<ref>Art Shrian Tiwari, [http://www.mynewyorkeye.com/film-news/artist-of-the-month-salome-mulugeta Artist of the Month: Salome Mulugeta], myNewYorkeye, September 4, 2016.</ref> Salome ta yi aiki a gidan talabijin na gida a Kansas kafin ta koma [[Los Angeles]], inda ta rubuta ''Woven'' tare da ɗan wasan kwaikwayo Ryan Spahn . Bayan saduwa da Nagwa Ibrahim, ma'aurata sun ba da umarni kuma sun samar da ''Woven'' tare. Fim din, wanda Mulugeta ya fito, ya fara fitowa a New York a bikin fina-finai na Afirka na 2017 a New York, kuma ya nuna farkon duniya a Bikin Fim na Los Angeles na 2016. <ref name="Sandoval" /><ref name=Sandoval>Lapacazo Sandoval, [https://lasentinel.net/a-year-after-the-los-angeles-film-festival-an-ethiopian-filmmakers-career-soars.html A year after the Los Angeles Film Festival, An Ethiopian filmmaker’s career soars: A Year with Salome Mulugeta], ''[[Los Angeles Sentinel]]'', June 1, 2017.</ref> == Hotunan fina-finai == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] o4w1z9e3da0uzrpqznbq09dv5693okx 0 148557 826284 2026-04-25T17:19:55Z Gwanki 3834 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1346261330|Netsanet Workneh]]" 826284 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Netsanet Workneh''' (Amharic; 11 ga Afrilu 1983 <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Evans |date=2026-01-16 |title=Netsanet Workneh Biography: Age, Wife, Movies, Career, Personal Life And Cause Of Death |url=https://smuosch.com/netsanet-workneh-biography/ |access-date=2026-01-17 |language=en-US}}</ref> - 16 ga Janairu 2026) ya kasance ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Habasha, mai shirya fina-finai, kuma ɗan talabijin. Ya yi aiki a manyan fina-finai na Habasha da yawa, da farko a cikin nau'Irin wasan kwaikwayo. Netsanet ya fara aikinsa na wasan kwaikwayo tare da wasan kwaikwayo a wasan ''Ye Dawit Enzira'' . Daga baya ya sami karbuwa sosai saboda rawar da ya taka a Fresh Man yayin da yake aiki a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Hager Fikir . A lokacin da ya fara aiki, ya kuma bayyana a cikin shirye-shiryen wasan kwaikwayo da yawa kafin ya shiga masana'antar fina-finai. Ya ci gaba da fitowa a fina-finai da yawa na Habasha, ciki har da City Boys, ''Salnegirat'', ''Yanchaw Leba 2'', Mr. X, da ''Chombe'', ya kafa kansa a matsayin fitaccen mutum a cikin fina-fallafin Habasha na zamani. Daga 2017, Netsanet ta samar da kuma karbar bakuncin wasan kwaikwayon ''Yebeteseb Chewata'', wanda aka watsa a EBS TV. Netsanet ya mutu a ranar 16 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 2026 biyo bayan rashin lafiya da ba a bayyana ba. An ruwaito cewa ya fuskanci matsalolin kiwon lafiya na dogon lokaci wanda ya buƙaci asibiti kafin mutuwarsa. Labarin mutuwarsa ya bazu ko'ina a cikin kafofin watsa labarai kuma ya sadu da firgici da girmamawa daga magoya baya, abokan aiki, da membobin al'ummar nishaɗin Habasha. An binne shi a [[Addis Ababa]]">Cocin Triniti Mai Tsarki a Addis Ababa a ranar 18 ga Janairun 2026. Ya sami 'ya'ya uku. == Rayuwa da aiki == An haifi Netsanet a ranar 11 ga Afrilu 1983 a [[Addis Ababa]] . Ya ci gaba da sha'awar zane-zane a lokacin makarantar sakandare, inda ya zama sananne don nuna halayen mata a cikin wasan kwaikwayo. Daga baya ya yi karatun wasan kwaikwayo a [[Jami'ar Addis Ababa]] . Daga baya ya sami karbuwa sosai, musamman ga yadda ya nuna halin Fresh Man. Daga baya ya gina aiki a cikin fina-finai na Habasha, yana aiki da farko a matsayin wasan kwaikwayo kuma yana ba da gudummawa a matsayin ɗan wasan kwaikwayo da mataimakin samar da fim. Babban aikin fim dinsa sun hada da City Boys, Salnegirat, Yanchaw Leba 2, Mr. X, da Chombe . A cikin 2017, ya samar kuma ya dauki bakuncin ''Yebeteseb Chewata'' (Turanci: Yakin Iyali na Habasha), wasan kwaikwayo na iyali wanda ya haɗu da nishaɗi tare da salon wasan kwaikwayo na musamman. Shirin ya fito ne a gidan talabijin na EBS. A ranar 16 ga watan Janairun 2026, Netsanet ya mutu bayan rashin lafiya na dogon lokaci. Kafofin yada labarai na Habasha sun ba da rahoton cewa yana karɓar magani na musamman kafin mutuwarsa. Ya bar matarsa da 'ya'ya uku. An raba haraji a ko'ina cikin kafofin watsa labarai na Habasha da dandamali na kafofin sada zumunta. Firayim Minista [[Abiy Ahmed]] ya nuna ta'aziyya, yana tunawa da aikin Netsanet a shirin Sabuwar Shekara ta 2023 da aka gudanar a Babban Dam din Renaissance na Habasha.<ref>{{Cite web |title=PM Abiy Ahmed, Abdel Fattah al Burhan discuss bilateral, regional issues |url=https://www.fanamc.com/english/amp/pm-abiy-ahmed-abdel-fattah-al-burhan-discuss-bilateral-regional-issues/ |access-date=2026-03-06 |website=Welcome to Fana Media Corporation S.C |language=en-US}}</ref> Iyalinsa da abokan aikinsa ne suka shirya shirye-shiryen jana'izar a EBS TV, kuma a ranar 18 ga Janairun 2026, an kwantar da shi a [[Addis Ababa]]">Cocin Triniti Mai Tsarki a Addis Ababa. 'Yan uwa, abokan aiki, magoya baya, da jami'an gwamnati ne suka halarci jana'izar.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-01-18 |title=Renowned Ethiopian Artist Netsanet Workneh Laid to Rest in Addis Ababa |url=https://www.fanamc.com/english/renowned-ethiopian-artist-netsanet-workneh-laid-to-rest-in-addis-ababa/ |access-date=2026-01-19 |website=Welcome to Fana Media Corporation S.C |language=en-US}}</ref> == Hotunan fina-finai == {| class="wikitable" |+Tushen: [https://yageru.com/artist-info.php?aID=34 Yageru] !Taken !Shekara |- |''FBI'' |2010 |- |''Yanchiw Leba'' |2011 |- |''Mista X'' |2011 |- |''FBI 2'' |2012 |- |''YaKen'' |2012 |- |''Balekelem Hilmoch'' |2012 |- |''City Boyz'' |2012 |- |''Taschershignalesh'' |2013 |- |''Sostegna Wegen'' |2015 |- |''Salnegrat'' |2015 |- |''Chombe'' |2015 |- |''Hanyar da aka saba amfani da ita'' |2015 |- |''Yanchiw Leba 2'' |2017 |- |''FBI 3'' |2017 |- |''Fikir Min Agebaw'' |2018 |- |''Abokiyar aji'' |2020 |} == Bayanan da aka ambata == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2026]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1983]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 2lvy75bftdx37v69ce4en3uype35aef 826285 826284 2026-04-25T17:20:15Z Gwanki 3834 826285 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Netsanet Workneh''' (Amharic; 11 ga Afrilu 1983 <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Evans |date=2026-01-16 |title=Netsanet Workneh Biography: Age, Wife, Movies, Career, Personal Life And Cause Of Death |url=https://smuosch.com/netsanet-workneh-biography/ |access-date=2026-01-17 |language=en-US}}</ref> - 16 ga Janairu 2026) ya kasance ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Habasha, mai shirya fina-finai, kuma ɗan talabijin. Ya yi aiki a manyan fina-finai na Habasha da yawa, da farko a cikin nau'Irin wasan kwaikwayo. Netsanet ya fara aikinsa na wasan kwaikwayo tare da wasan kwaikwayo a wasan ''Ye Dawit Enzira'' . Daga baya ya sami karbuwa sosai saboda rawar da ya taka a Fresh Man yayin da yake aiki a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Hager Fikir . A lokacin da ya fara aiki, ya kuma bayyana a cikin shirye-shiryen wasan kwaikwayo da yawa kafin ya shiga masana'antar fina-finai. Ya ci gaba da fitowa a fina-finai da yawa na Habasha, ciki har da City Boys, ''Salnegirat'', ''Yanchaw Leba 2'', Mr. X, da ''Chombe'', ya kafa kansa a matsayin fitaccen mutum a cikin fina-fallafin Habasha na zamani. Daga 2017, Netsanet ta samar da kuma karbar bakuncin wasan kwaikwayon ''Yebeteseb Chewata'', wanda aka watsa a EBS TV. Netsanet ya mutu a ranar 16 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 2026 biyo bayan rashin lafiya da ba a bayyana ba. An ruwaito cewa ya fuskanci matsalolin kiwon lafiya na dogon lokaci wanda ya buƙaci asibiti kafin mutuwarsa. Labarin mutuwarsa ya bazu ko'ina a cikin kafofin watsa labarai kuma ya sadu da firgici da girmamawa daga magoya baya, abokan aiki, da membobin al'ummar nishaɗin Habasha. An binne shi a [[Addis Ababa]]">Cocin Triniti Mai Tsarki a Addis Ababa a ranar 18 ga Janairun 2026. Ya sami 'ya'ya uku. == Rayuwa da aiki == An haifi Netsanet a ranar 11 ga Afrilu 1983 a [[Addis Ababa]] . Ya ci gaba da sha'awar zane-zane a lokacin makarantar sakandare, inda ya zama sananne don nuna halayen mata a cikin wasan kwaikwayo. Daga baya ya yi karatun wasan kwaikwayo a [[Jami'ar Addis Ababa]] . Daga baya ya sami karbuwa sosai, musamman ga yadda ya nuna halin Fresh Man. Daga baya ya gina aiki a cikin fina-finai na Habasha, yana aiki da farko a matsayin wasan kwaikwayo kuma yana ba da gudummawa a matsayin ɗan wasan kwaikwayo da mataimakin samar da fim. Babban aikin fim dinsa sun hada da City Boys, Salnegirat, Yanchaw Leba 2, Mr. X, da Chombe . A cikin 2017, ya samar kuma ya dauki bakuncin ''Yebeteseb Chewata'' (Turanci: Yakin Iyali na Habasha), wasan kwaikwayo na iyali wanda ya haɗu da nishaɗi tare da salon wasan kwaikwayo na musamman. Shirin ya fito ne a gidan talabijin na EBS. A ranar 16 ga watan Janairun 2026, Netsanet ya mutu bayan rashin lafiya na dogon lokaci. Kafofin yada labarai na Habasha sun ba da rahoton cewa yana karɓar magani na musamman kafin mutuwarsa. Ya bar matarsa da 'ya'ya uku. An raba haraji a ko'ina cikin kafofin watsa labarai na Habasha da dandamali na kafofin sada zumunta. Firayim Minista [[Abiy Ahmed]] ya nuna ta'aziyya, yana tunawa da aikin Netsanet a shirin Sabuwar Shekara ta 2023 da aka gudanar a Babban Dam din Renaissance na Habasha.<ref>{{Cite web |title=PM Abiy Ahmed, Abdel Fattah al Burhan discuss bilateral, regional issues |url=https://www.fanamc.com/english/amp/pm-abiy-ahmed-abdel-fattah-al-burhan-discuss-bilateral-regional-issues/ |access-date=2026-03-06 |website=Welcome to Fana Media Corporation S.C |language=en-US}}</ref> Iyalinsa da abokan aikinsa ne suka shirya shirye-shiryen jana'izar a EBS TV, kuma a ranar 18 ga Janairun 2026, an kwantar da shi a [[Addis Ababa]]">Cocin Triniti Mai Tsarki a Addis Ababa. 'Yan uwa, abokan aiki, magoya baya, da jami'an gwamnati ne suka halarci jana'izar.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-01-18 |title=Renowned Ethiopian Artist Netsanet Workneh Laid to Rest in Addis Ababa |url=https://www.fanamc.com/english/renowned-ethiopian-artist-netsanet-workneh-laid-to-rest-in-addis-ababa/ |access-date=2026-01-19 |website=Welcome to Fana Media Corporation S.C |language=en-US}}</ref> == Hotunan fina-finai == {| class="wikitable" |+Tushen: [https://yageru.com/artist-info.php?aID=34 Yageru] !Taken !Shekara |- |''FBI'' |2010 |- |''Yanchiw Leba'' |2011 |- |''Mista X'' |2011 |- |''FBI 2'' |2012 |- |''YaKen'' |2012 |- |''Balekelem Hilmoch'' |2012 |- |''City Boyz'' |2012 |- |''Taschershignalesh'' |2013 |- |''Sostegna Wegen'' |2015 |- |''Salnegrat'' |2015 |- |''Chombe'' |2015 |- |''Hanyar da aka saba amfani da ita'' |2015 |- |''Yanchiw Leba 2'' |2017 |- |''FBI 3'' |2017 |- |''Fikir Min Agebaw'' |2018 |- |''Abokiyar aji'' |2020 |} == Bayanan da aka ambata == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2026]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1983]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] jcbutoskuh7ojggs8pegsnj2i8uglen 826300 826285 2026-04-25T17:31:50Z Kamal JB 24987 /* Bayanan da aka ambata */ 826300 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Netsanet Workneh''' (Amharic; 11 ga Afrilu 1983 <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Evans |date=2026-01-16 |title=Netsanet Workneh Biography: Age, Wife, Movies, Career, Personal Life And Cause Of Death |url=https://smuosch.com/netsanet-workneh-biography/ |access-date=2026-01-17 |language=en-US}}</ref> - 16 ga Janairu 2026) ya kasance ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Habasha, mai shirya fina-finai, kuma ɗan talabijin. Ya yi aiki a manyan fina-finai na Habasha da yawa, da farko a cikin nau'Irin wasan kwaikwayo. Netsanet ya fara aikinsa na wasan kwaikwayo tare da wasan kwaikwayo a wasan ''Ye Dawit Enzira'' . Daga baya ya sami karbuwa sosai saboda rawar da ya taka a Fresh Man yayin da yake aiki a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Hager Fikir . A lokacin da ya fara aiki, ya kuma bayyana a cikin shirye-shiryen wasan kwaikwayo da yawa kafin ya shiga masana'antar fina-finai. Ya ci gaba da fitowa a fina-finai da yawa na Habasha, ciki har da City Boys, ''Salnegirat'', ''Yanchaw Leba 2'', Mr. X, da ''Chombe'', ya kafa kansa a matsayin fitaccen mutum a cikin fina-fallafin Habasha na zamani. Daga 2017, Netsanet ta samar da kuma karbar bakuncin wasan kwaikwayon ''Yebeteseb Chewata'', wanda aka watsa a EBS TV. Netsanet ya mutu a ranar 16 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 2026 biyo bayan rashin lafiya da ba a bayyana ba. An ruwaito cewa ya fuskanci matsalolin kiwon lafiya na dogon lokaci wanda ya buƙaci asibiti kafin mutuwarsa. Labarin mutuwarsa ya bazu ko'ina a cikin kafofin watsa labarai kuma ya sadu da firgici da girmamawa daga magoya baya, abokan aiki, da membobin al'ummar nishaɗin Habasha. An binne shi a [[Addis Ababa]]">Cocin Triniti Mai Tsarki a Addis Ababa a ranar 18 ga Janairun 2026. Ya sami 'ya'ya uku. == Rayuwa da aiki == An haifi Netsanet a ranar 11 ga Afrilu 1983 a [[Addis Ababa]] . Ya ci gaba da sha'awar zane-zane a lokacin makarantar sakandare, inda ya zama sananne don nuna halayen mata a cikin wasan kwaikwayo. Daga baya ya yi karatun wasan kwaikwayo a [[Jami'ar Addis Ababa]] . Daga baya ya sami karbuwa sosai, musamman ga yadda ya nuna halin Fresh Man. Daga baya ya gina aiki a cikin fina-finai na Habasha, yana aiki da farko a matsayin wasan kwaikwayo kuma yana ba da gudummawa a matsayin ɗan wasan kwaikwayo da mataimakin samar da fim. Babban aikin fim dinsa sun hada da City Boys, Salnegirat, Yanchaw Leba 2, Mr. X, da Chombe . A cikin 2017, ya samar kuma ya dauki bakuncin ''Yebeteseb Chewata'' (Turanci: Yakin Iyali na Habasha), wasan kwaikwayo na iyali wanda ya haɗu da nishaɗi tare da salon wasan kwaikwayo na musamman. Shirin ya fito ne a gidan talabijin na EBS. A ranar 16 ga watan Janairun 2026, Netsanet ya mutu bayan rashin lafiya na dogon lokaci. Kafofin yada labarai na Habasha sun ba da rahoton cewa yana karɓar magani na musamman kafin mutuwarsa. Ya bar matarsa da 'ya'ya uku. An raba haraji a ko'ina cikin kafofin watsa labarai na Habasha da dandamali na kafofin sada zumunta. Firayim Minista [[Abiy Ahmed]] ya nuna ta'aziyya, yana tunawa da aikin Netsanet a shirin Sabuwar Shekara ta 2023 da aka gudanar a Babban Dam din Renaissance na Habasha.<ref>{{Cite web |title=PM Abiy Ahmed, Abdel Fattah al Burhan discuss bilateral, regional issues |url=https://www.fanamc.com/english/amp/pm-abiy-ahmed-abdel-fattah-al-burhan-discuss-bilateral-regional-issues/ |access-date=2026-03-06 |website=Welcome to Fana Media Corporation S.C |language=en-US}}</ref> Iyalinsa da abokan aikinsa ne suka shirya shirye-shiryen jana'izar a EBS TV, kuma a ranar 18 ga Janairun 2026, an kwantar da shi a [[Addis Ababa]]">Cocin Triniti Mai Tsarki a Addis Ababa. 'Yan uwa, abokan aiki, magoya baya, da jami'an gwamnati ne suka halarci jana'izar.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-01-18 |title=Renowned Ethiopian Artist Netsanet Workneh Laid to Rest in Addis Ababa |url=https://www.fanamc.com/english/renowned-ethiopian-artist-netsanet-workneh-laid-to-rest-in-addis-ababa/ |access-date=2026-01-19 |website=Welcome to Fana Media Corporation S.C |language=en-US}}</ref> == Hotunan fina-finai == {| class="wikitable" |+Tushen: [https://yageru.com/artist-info.php?aID=34 Yageru] !Taken !Shekara |- |''FBI'' |2010 |- |''Yanchiw Leba'' |2011 |- |''Mista X'' |2011 |- |''FBI 2'' |2012 |- |''YaKen'' |2012 |- |''Balekelem Hilmoch'' |2012 |- |''City Boyz'' |2012 |- |''Taschershignalesh'' |2013 |- |''Sostegna Wegen'' |2015 |- |''Salnegrat'' |2015 |- |''Chombe'' |2015 |- |''Hanyar da aka saba amfani da ita'' |2015 |- |''Yanchiw Leba 2'' |2017 |- |''FBI 3'' |2017 |- |''Fikir Min Agebaw'' |2018 |- |''Abokiyar aji'' |2020 |} == manazarta == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2026]] [[Rukuni:Haihuwan 1983]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 3r5o5zosl0mdkbmow3xfgujsjmojohr 0 148558 826287 2026-04-25T17:24:42Z Gwanki 3834 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1342304182|Theodros Teshome]]" 826287 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Theodros Teshome Kebede''' (Amharic; an haife shi a ranar 7 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1970) ɗan fim ne na Habasha. An san Theodros da ƙaura farfado da masana'antar fina-finai ta Habasha a farkon shekarun 2000, da kuma taimakawa wajen haifar da bunkasa fim a kasar. Theodros yana samarwa, yana jagorantar, yana rubutu kuma sau da yawa yana aiki a cikin fina-finai na kansa, kuma ya samar da fina-fakkaatan da ke magance batutuwan zamantakewa kamar HIV, shige da fice, da tashin hankali ga mata da kuma fina-fukkuna tare da abubuwan da ke cikin kasa. Theodros ya samar kuma ya ba da umarni biyu daga cikin fina-finai na Habasha mafi girma a kowane lokaci, Abay vs. Vegas da ''Kezkaza Welafegn'' . Shi ne mai mallakar Teddy Studios, daya daga cikin manyan masu samar da fina-finai a Habasha, da Sebastopol Entertainment PLC (Sebastopol Cinema), wanda ke gudanar da babbar jerin fina-falla masu zaman kansu a [[Addis Ababa]] da sauran biranen Habasha, wanda ke ba shi iko mai mahimmanci a cikin samarwa da rarraba fina-fakka a kasar.<ref name="jedlowski">{{Cite journal |last=Jedlowski |first=Alessandro |date=1 October 2015 |title=Screening Ethiopia: A preliminary study of the history and contemporary developments of film production in Ethiopia |url=https://www.academia.edu/7242782 |journal=Journal of African Cinemas |volume=7 |pages=169–185(17) |doi=10.1386/jac.7.2.169_1}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Theodros Teshome a ranar 7 ga Janairu 1969 a Jimma, [[Itofiya|Habasha]] ga Teshome Kebede, mai sayar da kofi da zuma, da Elfinesh Desta. A lokacin da yake dan shekara sha shida, Theodros ya shiga aikin soja kamar yadda ake bukata ga duk mazajen da ke wannan zamanin a lokacin mulkin Dergia a Habasha, amma lokacinsa a jirgin saman Habasha na Air Borne bai dade ba. Theodros ya gudu daga aikin soja bayan shekara guda zuwa [[Addis Ababa]] inda ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta Shimelis Habte. Bayan kammala karatunsa na kwaleji, Theodros ya yi aiki a matsayin mai daukar hoto a Addis Ababa daga baya kuma a Jimma. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2018)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> == Ayyuka == Theodros ya zama mai sha'awar yin fim yayin da yake aiki a matsayin mai daukar hoto. A shekara ta 1996, tare da babban birnin farawa na 4000 birr ($ 200), Theodros ya kafa Teddy Studios a yankin Addis Ababa Cherkos . Ya rubuta, ya ba da umarni, ya gyara kuma ya samar da fim dinsa na farko ''Gilbet Alem'' (The World Upside Down) a Jimma, ta amfani da kyamarar bikin aure da ya aro daga shagon da ya yi aiki a ciki.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Television |first=Ethiopian |title=Arhibhu |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MLp2PHmUsMQ |website=[[YouTube]]}}</ref> Theodros ya yi fim dinsa na biyu a shekarar 1998, kai tsaye zuwa fitowar VHS ''Seoul'' (Hell). ''Seoul'' ta ja hankalin MIDROC Habasha, kuma an hayar da shi cikakken lokaci don yin shirye-shirye ga kamfanin. amma daga baya aka kore shi lokacin da ya kwashe lokaci yana aiki a kan aikinsa ''Kezkaza Welafegn'' (Cold Flame). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Broadcast System |first=Ethiopian |title=EthioTube Presents Theodros Teshome |url=http://www.ethiotube.net/video/12036/EthioTube-Presents-Ethiopian-Filmmaker-Tewodros-Teshome |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130221132104/http://www.ethiotube.net/video/12036/EthioTube-Presents-Ethiopian-Filmmaker-Tewodros-Teshome |archive-date=February 21, 2013 |publisher=EBS}}</ref> === Ci gaba === Theodros ya ranci rancen dala 90,000 ($11,250) don yin fim ɗin ''Kezkaza Welafegn'', fim game da illolin ayyukan jima'i marasa aminci da kuma cutar kanjamau. Fim ɗin, wanda aka yi a matsayin bidiyo, shine fim na farko da aka taɓa yi a Habasha da aka fitar a gidajen sinima. Ofishin Jakadancin Netherlands da ke Addis Ababa ne ya ɗauki nauyin fim ɗin, kuma ''Kezkaza Welafegn'' zai zama fim ɗin Habasha mafi samun kuɗi a kowane lokaci (har sai lokacin da Theodros's ''Abay vs. Vegas'' suka fitar shekaru bakwai bayan haka). An kiyasta cewa fim ɗin ya sami dala miliyan 5 ($625,000) a cikin gida. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2018)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Nasarar fim ɗin tana da matuƙar muhimmanci a Habasha domin ta buɗe ƙofa ga sauran masu shirya fina-finai a Habasha a gidajen sinima. Babu gidajen sinima masu zaman kansu a ƙasar a farkon shekarun 2000 kuma fim ɗinsa yana ɗaya daga cikin fina-finan farko da aka nuna a gidajen sinima mallakar gwamnati. Nasarar fim ɗinsa ta nuna cewa samfurinsa na bidiyo zuwa sinima yana da amfani a ƙasar, wanda ya haifar da ƙaruwar adadin gidajen sinima masu zaman kansu da kuma canjin rarraba gidajen sinima a ƙasar. An kuma lura da ingancin aikin, kuma amfani da tsarin dijital ɗinsa ya sa samarwa ta fi sauƙi, wanda ya haifar da ƙaruwa sosai a harkar shirya fina-finai a Habasha. <ref name="jedlowski">{{Cite journal |last=Jedlowski |first=Alessandro |date=1 October 2015 |title=Screening Ethiopia: A preliminary study of the history and contemporary developments of film production in Ethiopia |url=https://www.academia.edu/7242782 |journal=Journal of African Cinemas |volume=7 |pages=169–185(17) |doi=10.1386/jac.7.2.169_1}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFJedlowski2015">Jedlowski, Alessandro (1 October 2015). [https://www.academia.edu/7242782 "Screening Ethiopia: A preliminary study of the history and contemporary developments of film production in Ethiopia"]. ''Journal of African Cinemas''. '''7''' (2): 169–185(17). [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1386/jac.7.2.169_1|10.1386/jac.7.2.169_1]].</cite></ref> Theodros ya yi wani sabon fim na ''Kezkaza Welafegn'' mai suna ''Fikir Seferd'' (Love's Judgement), wanda aka fitar a shekarar 2005, inda Theodros ya taka rawar jarumin fim. ''Fikir Seferd'' shi ne fim na biyu mafi nasara a wannan shekarar, bayan ''Semaywe Ferris'' (Blue Horse) na Serawit Fikre. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2018)">an buƙata ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Fim ɗinsa na gaba, ''Red Mistake'', ya mayar da hankali kan ta'addanci da rikici a lokacin Mulkin Dergue; duk da haka, fim ɗin ya gaza a fannin kuɗi. Theodros ya rubuta kuma ya samar kuma ya fito a fim din da ya fi cin nasara har zuwa yau, Abay vs. Vegas, wanda ya zama fim din Habasha mafi girma a kowane lokaci. Abay vs. Vegas ya ba da labarin wani triangle na soyayya wanda ya kai daga [[Baher Dar|Bahir Dahr]] a Habasha zuwa Las Vegas, Nevada, Amurka.<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 September 2012 |title=Ethiopian films infiltrate the south |url=http://www.screenafrica.com/2012/09/27/uncategorized/ethiopian-films-infiltrate-the-south/ |website=Screen Africa}}</ref> Theodros ya biyo bayan Abay vs. Vegas tare da wasu fina-finai biyu, ''Sost Maezen'' (Triangle - Going to America), wanda aka saki a watan Yulin 2013, da kuma sakamakonsa Sost Maecen 2 (Tri angle 2 - Peak of intimacy), wanda aka sake shi a watan Janairun 2017. ''Sost Maezen'' zai zama fim din da ya fi shahara. An zaba shi a matsayin tsakiya na bikin fina-finai na Pan African na 2015 da aka gudanar a [[Los Angeles]], kuma an ba shi lambar yabo ta Festival Founders' Award don mafi kyawun labarin labarin. An kuma zaba shi a matsayin fim na budewa na New African Film Festival a Silver Spring, Maryland.<ref>{{Cite web |title=2015 New African Film Festival |url=http://www.afi.com/silver/films/2015/p70/naff.aspx |website=American Film Institute}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Thoko Kachipande |date=31 March 2015 |title=African Storytelling in the Digital Age: New African Film Festival |url=http://southernafricanconnection.com/2015/03/31/african-storytelling-in-the-digital-age-new-african-film-festival/ |website=Southern African Connection}}</ref> ''Sost Maezen'' shine fim din daya tilo daga Habasha da za a zaba a cikin rukuni 8 don [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka]], kuma ya lashe Kyautar Mai Taimako Mafi Kyawu, Kyautar Sauti, da Kyautar juriya ta musamman don mafi kyawun labarin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=AMAA 2013 Winners |url=https://www.ama-awards.com/amaa-2015-winners.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Interview with Theodros Teshome and Rekik Teshome |url=http://www.diretube.com/enechewawet/interview-with-artists-rekik-teshome-tewodros-teshome-part-1-video_f3de05a00.html |publisher=DireTube}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Interview with Theodros Teshome and Rekik Teshome |url=http://www.diretube.com/enechewawet/interview-with-artists-rekik-teshome-tewodros-teshome-part-2-video_21e730f9e.html |access-date=29 October 2012 |website=EBS |publisher=DireTube}}</ref> Ya lashe kyautar mafi kyawun masu sauraro a bikin fina-finai na Rwanda . Theodros ya rike mukamin shugaban kungiyar masu samar da sauti da bidiyo ta Habasha. === Fim din Sebastopol === A shekara ta 2005, Theodros Teshome ya kafa Sebastopol Cinema, mai suna bayan karni na 19 na Sebastopul cannon na Emperor Tewodros, a Cibiyar Nunin a Meskel Square a Addis Ababa. Kamfanin yanzu yana sarrafa mafi girman sarkar fina-finai masu zaman kansu a Habasha.<ref name="jedlowski">{{Cite journal |last=Jedlowski |first=Alessandro |date=1 October 2015 |title=Screening Ethiopia: A preliminary study of the history and contemporary developments of film production in Ethiopia |url=https://www.academia.edu/7242782 |journal=Journal of African Cinemas |volume=7 |pages=169–185(17) |doi=10.1386/jac.7.2.169_1}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFJedlowski2015">Jedlowski, Alessandro (1 October 2015). [https://www.academia.edu/7242782 "Screening Ethiopia: A preliminary study of the history and contemporary developments of film production in Ethiopia"]. ''Journal of African Cinemas''. '''7''' (2): 169–185(17). [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1386/jac.7.2.169_1|10.1386/jac.7.2.169_1]].</cite></ref> '''<big>Gidan lambu</big>''' A watan Disamba na 2020, Theodros ya gabatar da tafiyar lambu ta farko a Addis Ababa. Gidan shakatawa na Grove Garden Walk da wurin shakatawa suna cikin Ghion Hotel a kusa da Meskel Square kusa da fadar ƙasa. == Ƙarfafawa == A watan Satumba na shekarar 2008, farkon sabuwar karni a Habasha, Theodros ya haɗu da Teddy Afro, wani shahararren mawaki da aka san shi da wakokinsa na adawa da gwamnati, don yin waka a Jimma don bikin Millennium. [ ana buƙatar ambato ] A shekara mai zuwa, Teshome ya shirya wani taron tara kuɗi ga Jimma wanda ya tara dala miliyan 101 (wanda aka yi alƙawarin) ($11.2 miliyan) don ayyukan gina hanyoyi. == Hotunan fina-finai == * ''Gilbet Alem'' – 1996 * ''Seoul'' – 1998 * ''Kezkaza Welafen'' – 2003 * ''Fikir Seferd'' – 2005 * ''Red Mistake'' – 2006 * ''Abay vs.Vegas'' – 2011 * ''[[triangle: Going to America|Sost Maezen]]'' – (''Triangle: Going to America'') – June 2014 * ''Sost Maezen 2'' (''Triangle 2 - Peak of Intimacy'') – January 2017<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cinema |first=Sebastopol |title=Now Showing |url=http://www.sebastopol-cinema.com/nowshowing.html |access-date=29 October 2012 |website=Sebastopol Entertainment |publisher=Sebastopol Cinema}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara !Kyautar !Sashe !Ayyuka !Sakamakon !Bayanan da aka ambata |- | rowspan="5" |2015 |[[Bikin Fim na Pan African]] |Kyautar Masu Kafa bikin- Labari | rowspan="5" |''[[triangle: Going to America|Triangle: Tafiya zuwa Amurka]]''|| {{Won}} | |- | rowspan="3" |[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka]] |[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director|Darakta Mafi Kyawu]]|| {{Nom}} | rowspan="3" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 June 2015 |title=Nominees for the 2015 Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA 2015) Revealed |url=https://www.indiewire.com/2015/06/nominees-for-the-2015-africa-movie-academy-awards-amaa-2015-revealed-153638/ |website=IndieWire}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Adesola Ade-Unuigbe |date=21 October 2015 |title=See Full List of 2015 Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA) Nominees |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2015/08/see-full-list-of-2015-african-movie-academy-awards-amaa-nominees-oc-ukeje-hilda-dokubo-ini-edo-more/ |website=Bella Naija}}</ref> |- |[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Film|Fim mafi kyau]]|| {{Nom}} |- |[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka don Fim mafi kyau a cikin Harshen Afirka|Fim mafi kyau a cikin harshen Afirka]] Kyautar juriya ta musamman mafi kyawun fim | {{Nom}} |- |[[Ruwanda Film Festival|Bikin Fim na Rwanda]] |Kyautar Masu sauraro|| {{Won}} | |} 2024 Guma Film Award) Mafi kyawun mai ba da tallafi ga fim din Zimitaye == Bayanan da aka ambata == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1970]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 04cny12akpue2lejkftbhezpeygbxfz 826289 826287 2026-04-25T17:25:14Z Gwanki 3834 826289 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Theodros Teshome Kebede''' (Amharic; an haife shi a ranar 7 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1970) ɗan fim ne na Habasha. An san Theodros da ƙaura farfado da masana'antar fina-finai ta Habasha a farkon shekarun 2000, da kuma taimakawa wajen haifar da bunkasa fim a kasar. Theodros yana samarwa, yana jagorantar, yana rubutu kuma sau da yawa yana aiki a cikin fina-finai na kansa, kuma ya samar da fina-fakkaatan da ke magance batutuwan zamantakewa kamar HIV, shige da fice, da tashin hankali ga mata da kuma fina-fukkuna tare da abubuwan da ke cikin kasa. Theodros ya samar kuma ya ba da umarni biyu daga cikin fina-finai na Habasha mafi girma a kowane lokaci, Abay vs. Vegas da ''Kezkaza Welafegn'' . Shi ne mai mallakar Teddy Studios, daya daga cikin manyan masu samar da fina-finai a Habasha, da Sebastopol Entertainment PLC (Sebastopol Cinema), wanda ke gudanar da babbar jerin fina-falla masu zaman kansu a [[Addis Ababa]] da sauran biranen Habasha, wanda ke ba shi iko mai mahimmanci a cikin samarwa da rarraba fina-fakka a kasar.<ref name="jedlowski">{{Cite journal |last=Jedlowski |first=Alessandro |date=1 October 2015 |title=Screening Ethiopia: A preliminary study of the history and contemporary developments of film production in Ethiopia |url=https://www.academia.edu/7242782 |journal=Journal of African Cinemas |volume=7 |pages=169–185(17) |doi=10.1386/jac.7.2.169_1}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Theodros Teshome a ranar 7 ga Janairu 1969 a Jimma, [[Itofiya|Habasha]] ga Teshome Kebede, mai sayar da kofi da zuma, da Elfinesh Desta. A lokacin da yake dan shekara sha shida, Theodros ya shiga aikin soja kamar yadda ake bukata ga duk mazajen da ke wannan zamanin a lokacin mulkin Dergia a Habasha, amma lokacinsa a jirgin saman Habasha na Air Borne bai dade ba. Theodros ya gudu daga aikin soja bayan shekara guda zuwa [[Addis Ababa]] inda ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta Shimelis Habte. Bayan kammala karatunsa na kwaleji, Theodros ya yi aiki a matsayin mai daukar hoto a Addis Ababa daga baya kuma a Jimma. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2018)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> == Ayyuka == Theodros ya zama mai sha'awar yin fim yayin da yake aiki a matsayin mai daukar hoto. A shekara ta 1996, tare da babban birnin farawa na 4000 birr ($ 200), Theodros ya kafa Teddy Studios a yankin Addis Ababa Cherkos . Ya rubuta, ya ba da umarni, ya gyara kuma ya samar da fim dinsa na farko ''Gilbet Alem'' (The World Upside Down) a Jimma, ta amfani da kyamarar bikin aure da ya aro daga shagon da ya yi aiki a ciki.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Television |first=Ethiopian |title=Arhibhu |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MLp2PHmUsMQ |website=[[YouTube]]}}</ref> Theodros ya yi fim dinsa na biyu a shekarar 1998, kai tsaye zuwa fitowar VHS ''Seoul'' (Hell). ''Seoul'' ta ja hankalin MIDROC Habasha, kuma an hayar da shi cikakken lokaci don yin shirye-shirye ga kamfanin. amma daga baya aka kore shi lokacin da ya kwashe lokaci yana aiki a kan aikinsa ''Kezkaza Welafegn'' (Cold Flame). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Broadcast System |first=Ethiopian |title=EthioTube Presents Theodros Teshome |url=http://www.ethiotube.net/video/12036/EthioTube-Presents-Ethiopian-Filmmaker-Tewodros-Teshome |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130221132104/http://www.ethiotube.net/video/12036/EthioTube-Presents-Ethiopian-Filmmaker-Tewodros-Teshome |archive-date=February 21, 2013 |publisher=EBS}}</ref> === Ci gaba === Theodros ya ranci rancen dala 90,000 ($11,250) don yin fim ɗin ''Kezkaza Welafegn'', fim game da illolin ayyukan jima'i marasa aminci da kuma cutar kanjamau. Fim ɗin, wanda aka yi a matsayin bidiyo, shine fim na farko da aka taɓa yi a Habasha da aka fitar a gidajen sinima. Ofishin Jakadancin Netherlands da ke Addis Ababa ne ya ɗauki nauyin fim ɗin, kuma ''Kezkaza Welafegn'' zai zama fim ɗin Habasha mafi samun kuɗi a kowane lokaci (har sai lokacin da Theodros's ''Abay vs. Vegas'' suka fitar shekaru bakwai bayan haka). An kiyasta cewa fim ɗin ya sami dala miliyan 5 ($625,000) a cikin gida. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2018)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Nasarar fim ɗin tana da matuƙar muhimmanci a Habasha domin ta buɗe ƙofa ga sauran masu shirya fina-finai a Habasha a gidajen sinima. Babu gidajen sinima masu zaman kansu a ƙasar a farkon shekarun 2000 kuma fim ɗinsa yana ɗaya daga cikin fina-finan farko da aka nuna a gidajen sinima mallakar gwamnati. Nasarar fim ɗinsa ta nuna cewa samfurinsa na bidiyo zuwa sinima yana da amfani a ƙasar, wanda ya haifar da ƙaruwar adadin gidajen sinima masu zaman kansu da kuma canjin rarraba gidajen sinima a ƙasar. An kuma lura da ingancin aikin, kuma amfani da tsarin dijital ɗinsa ya sa samarwa ta fi sauƙi, wanda ya haifar da ƙaruwa sosai a harkar shirya fina-finai a Habasha. <ref name="jedlowski">{{Cite journal |last=Jedlowski |first=Alessandro |date=1 October 2015 |title=Screening Ethiopia: A preliminary study of the history and contemporary developments of film production in Ethiopia |url=https://www.academia.edu/7242782 |journal=Journal of African Cinemas |volume=7 |pages=169–185(17) |doi=10.1386/jac.7.2.169_1}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFJedlowski2015">Jedlowski, Alessandro (1 October 2015). [https://www.academia.edu/7242782 "Screening Ethiopia: A preliminary study of the history and contemporary developments of film production in Ethiopia"]. ''Journal of African Cinemas''. '''7''' (2): 169–185(17). [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1386/jac.7.2.169_1|10.1386/jac.7.2.169_1]].</cite></ref> Theodros ya yi wani sabon fim na ''Kezkaza Welafegn'' mai suna ''Fikir Seferd'' (Love's Judgement), wanda aka fitar a shekarar 2005, inda Theodros ya taka rawar jarumin fim. ''Fikir Seferd'' shi ne fim na biyu mafi nasara a wannan shekarar, bayan ''Semaywe Ferris'' (Blue Horse) na Serawit Fikre. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2018)">an buƙata ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Fim ɗinsa na gaba, ''Red Mistake'', ya mayar da hankali kan ta'addanci da rikici a lokacin Mulkin Dergue; duk da haka, fim ɗin ya gaza a fannin kuɗi. Theodros ya rubuta kuma ya samar kuma ya fito a fim din da ya fi cin nasara har zuwa yau, Abay vs. Vegas, wanda ya zama fim din Habasha mafi girma a kowane lokaci. Abay vs. Vegas ya ba da labarin wani triangle na soyayya wanda ya kai daga [[Baher Dar|Bahir Dahr]] a Habasha zuwa Las Vegas, Nevada, Amurka.<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 September 2012 |title=Ethiopian films infiltrate the south |url=http://www.screenafrica.com/2012/09/27/uncategorized/ethiopian-films-infiltrate-the-south/ |website=Screen Africa}}</ref> Theodros ya biyo bayan Abay vs. Vegas tare da wasu fina-finai biyu, ''Sost Maezen'' (Triangle - Going to America), wanda aka saki a watan Yulin 2013, da kuma sakamakonsa Sost Maecen 2 (Tri angle 2 - Peak of intimacy), wanda aka sake shi a watan Janairun 2017. ''Sost Maezen'' zai zama fim din da ya fi shahara. An zaba shi a matsayin tsakiya na bikin fina-finai na Pan African na 2015 da aka gudanar a [[Los Angeles]], kuma an ba shi lambar yabo ta Festival Founders' Award don mafi kyawun labarin labarin. An kuma zaba shi a matsayin fim na budewa na New African Film Festival a Silver Spring, Maryland.<ref>{{Cite web |title=2015 New African Film Festival |url=http://www.afi.com/silver/films/2015/p70/naff.aspx |website=American Film Institute}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Thoko Kachipande |date=31 March 2015 |title=African Storytelling in the Digital Age: New African Film Festival |url=http://southernafricanconnection.com/2015/03/31/african-storytelling-in-the-digital-age-new-african-film-festival/ |website=Southern African Connection}}</ref> ''Sost Maezen'' shine fim din daya tilo daga Habasha da za a zaba a cikin rukuni 8 don [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka]], kuma ya lashe Kyautar Mai Taimako Mafi Kyawu, Kyautar Sauti, da Kyautar juriya ta musamman don mafi kyawun labarin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=AMAA 2013 Winners |url=https://www.ama-awards.com/amaa-2015-winners.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Interview with Theodros Teshome and Rekik Teshome |url=http://www.diretube.com/enechewawet/interview-with-artists-rekik-teshome-tewodros-teshome-part-1-video_f3de05a00.html |publisher=DireTube}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Interview with Theodros Teshome and Rekik Teshome |url=http://www.diretube.com/enechewawet/interview-with-artists-rekik-teshome-tewodros-teshome-part-2-video_21e730f9e.html |access-date=29 October 2012 |website=EBS |publisher=DireTube}}</ref> Ya lashe kyautar mafi kyawun masu sauraro a bikin fina-finai na Rwanda . Theodros ya rike mukamin shugaban kungiyar masu samar da sauti da bidiyo ta Habasha. === Fim din Sebastopol === A shekara ta 2005, Theodros Teshome ya kafa Sebastopol Cinema, mai suna bayan karni na 19 na Sebastopul cannon na Emperor Tewodros, a Cibiyar Nunin a Meskel Square a Addis Ababa. Kamfanin yanzu yana sarrafa mafi girman sarkar fina-finai masu zaman kansu a Habasha.<ref name="jedlowski">{{Cite journal |last=Jedlowski |first=Alessandro |date=1 October 2015 |title=Screening Ethiopia: A preliminary study of the history and contemporary developments of film production in Ethiopia |url=https://www.academia.edu/7242782 |journal=Journal of African Cinemas |volume=7 |pages=169–185(17) |doi=10.1386/jac.7.2.169_1}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFJedlowski2015">Jedlowski, Alessandro (1 October 2015). [https://www.academia.edu/7242782 "Screening Ethiopia: A preliminary study of the history and contemporary developments of film production in Ethiopia"]. ''Journal of African Cinemas''. '''7''' (2): 169–185(17). [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1386/jac.7.2.169_1|10.1386/jac.7.2.169_1]].</cite></ref> '''<big>Gidan lambu</big>''' A watan Disamba na 2020, Theodros ya gabatar da tafiyar lambu ta farko a Addis Ababa. Gidan shakatawa na Grove Garden Walk da wurin shakatawa suna cikin Ghion Hotel a kusa da Meskel Square kusa da fadar ƙasa. == Ƙarfafawa == A watan Satumba na shekarar 2008, farkon sabuwar karni a Habasha, Theodros ya haɗu da Teddy Afro, wani shahararren mawaki da aka san shi da wakokinsa na adawa da gwamnati, don yin waka a Jimma don bikin Millennium. [ ana buƙatar ambato ] A shekara mai zuwa, Teshome ya shirya wani taron tara kuɗi ga Jimma wanda ya tara dala miliyan 101 (wanda aka yi alƙawarin) ($11.2 miliyan) don ayyukan gina hanyoyi. == Hotunan fina-finai == * ''Gilbet Alem'' – 1996 * ''Seoul'' – 1998 * ''Kezkaza Welafen'' – 2003 * ''Fikir Seferd'' – 2005 * ''Red Mistake'' – 2006 * ''Abay vs.Vegas'' – 2011 * ''[[triangle: Going to America|Sost Maezen]]'' – (''Triangle: Going to America'') – June 2014 * ''Sost Maezen 2'' (''Triangle 2 - Peak of Intimacy'') – January 2017<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cinema |first=Sebastopol |title=Now Showing |url=http://www.sebastopol-cinema.com/nowshowing.html |access-date=29 October 2012 |website=Sebastopol Entertainment |publisher=Sebastopol Cinema}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara !Kyautar !Sashe !Ayyuka !Sakamakon !Bayanan da aka ambata |- | rowspan="5" |2015 |[[Bikin Fim na Pan African]] |Kyautar Masu Kafa bikin- Labari | rowspan="5" |''[[triangle: Going to America|Triangle: Tafiya zuwa Amurka]]''|| {{Won}} | |- | rowspan="3" |[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka]] |[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director|Darakta Mafi Kyawu]]|| {{Nom}} | rowspan="3" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 June 2015 |title=Nominees for the 2015 Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA 2015) Revealed |url=https://www.indiewire.com/2015/06/nominees-for-the-2015-africa-movie-academy-awards-amaa-2015-revealed-153638/ |website=IndieWire}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Adesola Ade-Unuigbe |date=21 October 2015 |title=See Full List of 2015 Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA) Nominees |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2015/08/see-full-list-of-2015-african-movie-academy-awards-amaa-nominees-oc-ukeje-hilda-dokubo-ini-edo-more/ |website=Bella Naija}}</ref> |- |[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Film|Fim mafi kyau]]|| {{Nom}} |- |[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka don Fim mafi kyau a cikin Harshen Afirka|Fim mafi kyau a cikin harshen Afirka]] Kyautar juriya ta musamman mafi kyawun fim | {{Nom}} |- |[[Ruwanda Film Festival|Bikin Fim na Rwanda]] |Kyautar Masu sauraro|| {{Won}} | |} 2024 Guma Film Award) Mafi kyawun mai ba da tallafi ga fim din Zimitaye == Bayanan da aka ambata == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1970]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 4p0740jvs5mze1tisk0tho98a2109a9 826293 826289 2026-04-25T17:29:04Z Kamal JB 24987 /* Bayanan da aka ambata */ 826293 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Theodros Teshome Kebede''' (Amharic; an haife shi a ranar 7 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1970) ɗan fim ne na Habasha. An san Theodros da ƙaura farfado da masana'antar fina-finai ta Habasha a farkon shekarun 2000, da kuma taimakawa wajen haifar da bunkasa fim a kasar. Theodros yana samarwa, yana jagorantar, yana rubutu kuma sau da yawa yana aiki a cikin fina-finai na kansa, kuma ya samar da fina-fakkaatan da ke magance batutuwan zamantakewa kamar HIV, shige da fice, da tashin hankali ga mata da kuma fina-fukkuna tare da abubuwan da ke cikin kasa. Theodros ya samar kuma ya ba da umarni biyu daga cikin fina-finai na Habasha mafi girma a kowane lokaci, Abay vs. Vegas da ''Kezkaza Welafegn'' . Shi ne mai mallakar Teddy Studios, daya daga cikin manyan masu samar da fina-finai a Habasha, da Sebastopol Entertainment PLC (Sebastopol Cinema), wanda ke gudanar da babbar jerin fina-falla masu zaman kansu a [[Addis Ababa]] da sauran biranen Habasha, wanda ke ba shi iko mai mahimmanci a cikin samarwa da rarraba fina-fakka a kasar.<ref name="jedlowski">{{Cite journal |last=Jedlowski |first=Alessandro |date=1 October 2015 |title=Screening Ethiopia: A preliminary study of the history and contemporary developments of film production in Ethiopia |url=https://www.academia.edu/7242782 |journal=Journal of African Cinemas |volume=7 |pages=169–185(17) |doi=10.1386/jac.7.2.169_1}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Theodros Teshome a ranar 7 ga Janairu 1969 a Jimma, [[Itofiya|Habasha]] ga Teshome Kebede, mai sayar da kofi da zuma, da Elfinesh Desta. A lokacin da yake dan shekara sha shida, Theodros ya shiga aikin soja kamar yadda ake bukata ga duk mazajen da ke wannan zamanin a lokacin mulkin Dergia a Habasha, amma lokacinsa a jirgin saman Habasha na Air Borne bai dade ba. Theodros ya gudu daga aikin soja bayan shekara guda zuwa [[Addis Ababa]] inda ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta Shimelis Habte. Bayan kammala karatunsa na kwaleji, Theodros ya yi aiki a matsayin mai daukar hoto a Addis Ababa daga baya kuma a Jimma. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2018)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> == Ayyuka == Theodros ya zama mai sha'awar yin fim yayin da yake aiki a matsayin mai daukar hoto. A shekara ta 1996, tare da babban birnin farawa na 4000 birr ($ 200), Theodros ya kafa Teddy Studios a yankin Addis Ababa Cherkos . Ya rubuta, ya ba da umarni, ya gyara kuma ya samar da fim dinsa na farko ''Gilbet Alem'' (The World Upside Down) a Jimma, ta amfani da kyamarar bikin aure da ya aro daga shagon da ya yi aiki a ciki.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Television |first=Ethiopian |title=Arhibhu |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MLp2PHmUsMQ |website=[[YouTube]]}}</ref> Theodros ya yi fim dinsa na biyu a shekarar 1998, kai tsaye zuwa fitowar VHS ''Seoul'' (Hell). ''Seoul'' ta ja hankalin MIDROC Habasha, kuma an hayar da shi cikakken lokaci don yin shirye-shirye ga kamfanin. amma daga baya aka kore shi lokacin da ya kwashe lokaci yana aiki a kan aikinsa ''Kezkaza Welafegn'' (Cold Flame). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Broadcast System |first=Ethiopian |title=EthioTube Presents Theodros Teshome |url=http://www.ethiotube.net/video/12036/EthioTube-Presents-Ethiopian-Filmmaker-Tewodros-Teshome |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130221132104/http://www.ethiotube.net/video/12036/EthioTube-Presents-Ethiopian-Filmmaker-Tewodros-Teshome |archive-date=February 21, 2013 |publisher=EBS}}</ref> === Ci gaba === Theodros ya ranci rancen dala 90,000 ($11,250) don yin fim ɗin ''Kezkaza Welafegn'', fim game da illolin ayyukan jima'i marasa aminci da kuma cutar kanjamau. Fim ɗin, wanda aka yi a matsayin bidiyo, shine fim na farko da aka taɓa yi a Habasha da aka fitar a gidajen sinima. Ofishin Jakadancin Netherlands da ke Addis Ababa ne ya ɗauki nauyin fim ɗin, kuma ''Kezkaza Welafegn'' zai zama fim ɗin Habasha mafi samun kuɗi a kowane lokaci (har sai lokacin da Theodros's ''Abay vs. Vegas'' suka fitar shekaru bakwai bayan haka). An kiyasta cewa fim ɗin ya sami dala miliyan 5 ($625,000) a cikin gida. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2018)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Nasarar fim ɗin tana da matuƙar muhimmanci a Habasha domin ta buɗe ƙofa ga sauran masu shirya fina-finai a Habasha a gidajen sinima. Babu gidajen sinima masu zaman kansu a ƙasar a farkon shekarun 2000 kuma fim ɗinsa yana ɗaya daga cikin fina-finan farko da aka nuna a gidajen sinima mallakar gwamnati. Nasarar fim ɗinsa ta nuna cewa samfurinsa na bidiyo zuwa sinima yana da amfani a ƙasar, wanda ya haifar da ƙaruwar adadin gidajen sinima masu zaman kansu da kuma canjin rarraba gidajen sinima a ƙasar. An kuma lura da ingancin aikin, kuma amfani da tsarin dijital ɗinsa ya sa samarwa ta fi sauƙi, wanda ya haifar da ƙaruwa sosai a harkar shirya fina-finai a Habasha. <ref name="jedlowski">{{Cite journal |last=Jedlowski |first=Alessandro |date=1 October 2015 |title=Screening Ethiopia: A preliminary study of the history and contemporary developments of film production in Ethiopia |url=https://www.academia.edu/7242782 |journal=Journal of African Cinemas |volume=7 |pages=169–185(17) |doi=10.1386/jac.7.2.169_1}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFJedlowski2015">Jedlowski, Alessandro (1 October 2015). [https://www.academia.edu/7242782 "Screening Ethiopia: A preliminary study of the history and contemporary developments of film production in Ethiopia"]. ''Journal of African Cinemas''. '''7''' (2): 169–185(17). [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1386/jac.7.2.169_1|10.1386/jac.7.2.169_1]].</cite></ref> Theodros ya yi wani sabon fim na ''Kezkaza Welafegn'' mai suna ''Fikir Seferd'' (Love's Judgement), wanda aka fitar a shekarar 2005, inda Theodros ya taka rawar jarumin fim. ''Fikir Seferd'' shi ne fim na biyu mafi nasara a wannan shekarar, bayan ''Semaywe Ferris'' (Blue Horse) na Serawit Fikre. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2018)">an buƙata ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Fim ɗinsa na gaba, ''Red Mistake'', ya mayar da hankali kan ta'addanci da rikici a lokacin Mulkin Dergue; duk da haka, fim ɗin ya gaza a fannin kuɗi. Theodros ya rubuta kuma ya samar kuma ya fito a fim din da ya fi cin nasara har zuwa yau, Abay vs. Vegas, wanda ya zama fim din Habasha mafi girma a kowane lokaci. Abay vs. Vegas ya ba da labarin wani triangle na soyayya wanda ya kai daga [[Baher Dar|Bahir Dahr]] a Habasha zuwa Las Vegas, Nevada, Amurka.<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 September 2012 |title=Ethiopian films infiltrate the south |url=http://www.screenafrica.com/2012/09/27/uncategorized/ethiopian-films-infiltrate-the-south/ |website=Screen Africa}}</ref> Theodros ya biyo bayan Abay vs. Vegas tare da wasu fina-finai biyu, ''Sost Maezen'' (Triangle - Going to America), wanda aka saki a watan Yulin 2013, da kuma sakamakonsa Sost Maecen 2 (Tri angle 2 - Peak of intimacy), wanda aka sake shi a watan Janairun 2017. ''Sost Maezen'' zai zama fim din da ya fi shahara. An zaba shi a matsayin tsakiya na bikin fina-finai na Pan African na 2015 da aka gudanar a [[Los Angeles]], kuma an ba shi lambar yabo ta Festival Founders' Award don mafi kyawun labarin labarin. An kuma zaba shi a matsayin fim na budewa na New African Film Festival a Silver Spring, Maryland.<ref>{{Cite web |title=2015 New African Film Festival |url=http://www.afi.com/silver/films/2015/p70/naff.aspx |website=American Film Institute}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Thoko Kachipande |date=31 March 2015 |title=African Storytelling in the Digital Age: New African Film Festival |url=http://southernafricanconnection.com/2015/03/31/african-storytelling-in-the-digital-age-new-african-film-festival/ |website=Southern African Connection}}</ref> ''Sost Maezen'' shine fim din daya tilo daga Habasha da za a zaba a cikin rukuni 8 don [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka]], kuma ya lashe Kyautar Mai Taimako Mafi Kyawu, Kyautar Sauti, da Kyautar juriya ta musamman don mafi kyawun labarin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=AMAA 2013 Winners |url=https://www.ama-awards.com/amaa-2015-winners.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Interview with Theodros Teshome and Rekik Teshome |url=http://www.diretube.com/enechewawet/interview-with-artists-rekik-teshome-tewodros-teshome-part-1-video_f3de05a00.html |publisher=DireTube}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Interview with Theodros Teshome and Rekik Teshome |url=http://www.diretube.com/enechewawet/interview-with-artists-rekik-teshome-tewodros-teshome-part-2-video_21e730f9e.html |access-date=29 October 2012 |website=EBS |publisher=DireTube}}</ref> Ya lashe kyautar mafi kyawun masu sauraro a bikin fina-finai na Rwanda . Theodros ya rike mukamin shugaban kungiyar masu samar da sauti da bidiyo ta Habasha. === Fim din Sebastopol === A shekara ta 2005, Theodros Teshome ya kafa Sebastopol Cinema, mai suna bayan karni na 19 na Sebastopul cannon na Emperor Tewodros, a Cibiyar Nunin a Meskel Square a Addis Ababa. Kamfanin yanzu yana sarrafa mafi girman sarkar fina-finai masu zaman kansu a Habasha.<ref name="jedlowski">{{Cite journal |last=Jedlowski |first=Alessandro |date=1 October 2015 |title=Screening Ethiopia: A preliminary study of the history and contemporary developments of film production in Ethiopia |url=https://www.academia.edu/7242782 |journal=Journal of African Cinemas |volume=7 |pages=169–185(17) |doi=10.1386/jac.7.2.169_1}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFJedlowski2015">Jedlowski, Alessandro (1 October 2015). [https://www.academia.edu/7242782 "Screening Ethiopia: A preliminary study of the history and contemporary developments of film production in Ethiopia"]. ''Journal of African Cinemas''. '''7''' (2): 169–185(17). [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1386/jac.7.2.169_1|10.1386/jac.7.2.169_1]].</cite></ref> '''<big>Gidan lambu</big>''' A watan Disamba na 2020, Theodros ya gabatar da tafiyar lambu ta farko a Addis Ababa. Gidan shakatawa na Grove Garden Walk da wurin shakatawa suna cikin Ghion Hotel a kusa da Meskel Square kusa da fadar ƙasa. == Ƙarfafawa == A watan Satumba na shekarar 2008, farkon sabuwar karni a Habasha, Theodros ya haɗu da Teddy Afro, wani shahararren mawaki da aka san shi da wakokinsa na adawa da gwamnati, don yin waka a Jimma don bikin Millennium. [ ana buƙatar ambato ] A shekara mai zuwa, Teshome ya shirya wani taron tara kuɗi ga Jimma wanda ya tara dala miliyan 101 (wanda aka yi alƙawarin) ($11.2 miliyan) don ayyukan gina hanyoyi. == Hotunan fina-finai == * ''Gilbet Alem'' – 1996 * ''Seoul'' – 1998 * ''Kezkaza Welafen'' – 2003 * ''Fikir Seferd'' – 2005 * ''Red Mistake'' – 2006 * ''Abay vs.Vegas'' – 2011 * ''[[triangle: Going to America|Sost Maezen]]'' – (''Triangle: Going to America'') – June 2014 * ''Sost Maezen 2'' (''Triangle 2 - Peak of Intimacy'') – January 2017<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cinema |first=Sebastopol |title=Now Showing |url=http://www.sebastopol-cinema.com/nowshowing.html |access-date=29 October 2012 |website=Sebastopol Entertainment |publisher=Sebastopol Cinema}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara !Kyautar !Sashe !Ayyuka !Sakamakon !Bayanan da aka ambata |- | rowspan="5" |2015 |[[Bikin Fim na Pan African]] |Kyautar Masu Kafa bikin- Labari | rowspan="5" |''[[triangle: Going to America|Triangle: Tafiya zuwa Amurka]]''|| {{Won}} | |- | rowspan="3" |[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka]] |[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director|Darakta Mafi Kyawu]]|| {{Nom}} | rowspan="3" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 June 2015 |title=Nominees for the 2015 Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA 2015) Revealed |url=https://www.indiewire.com/2015/06/nominees-for-the-2015-africa-movie-academy-awards-amaa-2015-revealed-153638/ |website=IndieWire}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Adesola Ade-Unuigbe |date=21 October 2015 |title=See Full List of 2015 Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA) Nominees |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2015/08/see-full-list-of-2015-african-movie-academy-awards-amaa-nominees-oc-ukeje-hilda-dokubo-ini-edo-more/ |website=Bella Naija}}</ref> |- |[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Film|Fim mafi kyau]]|| {{Nom}} |- |[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka don Fim mafi kyau a cikin Harshen Afirka|Fim mafi kyau a cikin harshen Afirka]] Kyautar juriya ta musamman mafi kyawun fim | {{Nom}} |- |[[Ruwanda Film Festival|Bikin Fim na Rwanda]] |Kyautar Masu sauraro|| {{Won}} | |} 2024 Guma Film Award) Mafi kyawun mai ba da tallafi ga fim din Zimitaye == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1970]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] ic4qk4sy9050wo2kx01cwfxwx5zk5x4 826294 826293 2026-04-25T17:29:29Z Kamal JB 24987 826294 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Theodros Teshome Kebede''' (Amharic; an haife shi a ranar 7 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1970) ɗan fim ne na Habasha. An san Theodros da ƙaura farfado da masana'antar fina-finai ta Habasha a farkon shekarun 2000, da kuma taimakawa wajen haifar da bunkasa fim a kasar. Theodros yana samarwa, yana jagorantar, yana rubutu kuma sau da yawa yana aiki a cikin fina-finai na kansa, kuma ya samar da fina-fakkaatan da ke magance batutuwan zamantakewa kamar HIV, shige da fice, da tashin hankali ga mata da kuma fina-fukkuna tare da abubuwan da ke cikin kasa. Theodros ya samar kuma ya ba da umarni biyu daga cikin fina-finai na Habasha mafi girma a kowane lokaci, Abay vs. Vegas da ''Kezkaza Welafegn'' . Shi ne mai mallakar Teddy Studios, daya daga cikin manyan masu samar da fina-finai a Habasha, da Sebastopol Entertainment PLC (Sebastopol Cinema), wanda ke gudanar da babbar jerin fina-falla masu zaman kansu a [[Addis Ababa]] da sauran biranen Habasha, wanda ke ba shi iko mai mahimmanci a cikin samarwa da rarraba fina-fakka a kasar.<ref> name="jedlowski">{{Cite journal |last=Jedlowski |first=Alessandro |date=1 October 2015 |title=Screening Ethiopia: A preliminary study of the history and contemporary developments of film production in Ethiopia |url=https://www.academia.edu/7242782 |journal=Journal of African Cinemas |volume=7 |pages=169–185(17) |doi=10.1386/jac.7.2.169_1}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta farko == An haifi Theodros Teshome a ranar 7 ga Janairu 1969 a Jimma, [[Itofiya|Habasha]] ga Teshome Kebede, mai sayar da kofi da zuma, da Elfinesh Desta. A lokacin da yake dan shekara sha shida, Theodros ya shiga aikin soja kamar yadda ake bukata ga duk mazajen da ke wannan zamanin a lokacin mulkin Dergia a Habasha, amma lokacinsa a jirgin saman Habasha na Air Borne bai dade ba. Theodros ya gudu daga aikin soja bayan shekara guda zuwa [[Addis Ababa]] inda ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta Shimelis Habte. Bayan kammala karatunsa na kwaleji, Theodros ya yi aiki a matsayin mai daukar hoto a Addis Ababa daga baya kuma a Jimma. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2018)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> == Ayyuka == Theodros ya zama mai sha'awar yin fim yayin da yake aiki a matsayin mai daukar hoto. A shekara ta 1996, tare da babban birnin farawa na 4000 birr ($ 200), Theodros ya kafa Teddy Studios a yankin Addis Ababa Cherkos . Ya rubuta, ya ba da umarni, ya gyara kuma ya samar da fim dinsa na farko ''Gilbet Alem'' (The World Upside Down) a Jimma, ta amfani da kyamarar bikin aure da ya aro daga shagon da ya yi aiki a ciki.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Television |first=Ethiopian |title=Arhibhu |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MLp2PHmUsMQ |website=[[YouTube]]}}</ref> Theodros ya yi fim dinsa na biyu a shekarar 1998, kai tsaye zuwa fitowar VHS ''Seoul'' (Hell). ''Seoul'' ta ja hankalin MIDROC Habasha, kuma an hayar da shi cikakken lokaci don yin shirye-shirye ga kamfanin. amma daga baya aka kore shi lokacin da ya kwashe lokaci yana aiki a kan aikinsa ''Kezkaza Welafegn'' (Cold Flame). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Broadcast System |first=Ethiopian |title=EthioTube Presents Theodros Teshome |url=http://www.ethiotube.net/video/12036/EthioTube-Presents-Ethiopian-Filmmaker-Tewodros-Teshome |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130221132104/http://www.ethiotube.net/video/12036/EthioTube-Presents-Ethiopian-Filmmaker-Tewodros-Teshome |archive-date=February 21, 2013 |publisher=EBS}}</ref> === Ci gaba === Theodros ya ranci rancen dala 90,000 ($11,250) don yin fim ɗin ''Kezkaza Welafegn'', fim game da illolin ayyukan jima'i marasa aminci da kuma cutar kanjamau. Fim ɗin, wanda aka yi a matsayin bidiyo, shine fim na farko da aka taɓa yi a Habasha da aka fitar a gidajen sinima. Ofishin Jakadancin Netherlands da ke Addis Ababa ne ya ɗauki nauyin fim ɗin, kuma ''Kezkaza Welafegn'' zai zama fim ɗin Habasha mafi samun kuɗi a kowane lokaci (har sai lokacin da Theodros's ''Abay vs. Vegas'' suka fitar shekaru bakwai bayan haka). An kiyasta cewa fim ɗin ya sami dala miliyan 5 ($625,000) a cikin gida. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2018)">ana buƙatar ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Nasarar fim ɗin tana da matuƙar muhimmanci a Habasha domin ta buɗe ƙofa ga sauran masu shirya fina-finai a Habasha a gidajen sinima. Babu gidajen sinima masu zaman kansu a ƙasar a farkon shekarun 2000 kuma fim ɗinsa yana ɗaya daga cikin fina-finan farko da aka nuna a gidajen sinima mallakar gwamnati. Nasarar fim ɗinsa ta nuna cewa samfurinsa na bidiyo zuwa sinima yana da amfani a ƙasar, wanda ya haifar da ƙaruwar adadin gidajen sinima masu zaman kansu da kuma canjin rarraba gidajen sinima a ƙasar. An kuma lura da ingancin aikin, kuma amfani da tsarin dijital ɗinsa ya sa samarwa ta fi sauƙi, wanda ya haifar da ƙaruwa sosai a harkar shirya fina-finai a Habasha. <ref name="jedlowski">{{Cite journal |last=Jedlowski |first=Alessandro |date=1 October 2015 |title=Screening Ethiopia: A preliminary study of the history and contemporary developments of film production in Ethiopia |url=https://www.academia.edu/7242782 |journal=Journal of African Cinemas |volume=7 |pages=169–185(17) |doi=10.1386/jac.7.2.169_1}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFJedlowski2015">Jedlowski, Alessandro (1 October 2015). [https://www.academia.edu/7242782 "Screening Ethiopia: A preliminary study of the history and contemporary developments of film production in Ethiopia"]. ''Journal of African Cinemas''. '''7''' (2): 169–185(17). [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1386/jac.7.2.169_1|10.1386/jac.7.2.169_1]].</cite></ref> Theodros ya yi wani sabon fim na ''Kezkaza Welafegn'' mai suna ''Fikir Seferd'' (Love's Judgement), wanda aka fitar a shekarar 2005, inda Theodros ya taka rawar jarumin fim. ''Fikir Seferd'' shi ne fim na biyu mafi nasara a wannan shekarar, bayan ''Semaywe Ferris'' (Blue Horse) na Serawit Fikre. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2018)">an buƙata ambato</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Fim ɗinsa na gaba, ''Red Mistake'', ya mayar da hankali kan ta'addanci da rikici a lokacin Mulkin Dergue; duk da haka, fim ɗin ya gaza a fannin kuɗi. Theodros ya rubuta kuma ya samar kuma ya fito a fim din da ya fi cin nasara har zuwa yau, Abay vs. Vegas, wanda ya zama fim din Habasha mafi girma a kowane lokaci. Abay vs. Vegas ya ba da labarin wani triangle na soyayya wanda ya kai daga [[Baher Dar|Bahir Dahr]] a Habasha zuwa Las Vegas, Nevada, Amurka.<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 September 2012 |title=Ethiopian films infiltrate the south |url=http://www.screenafrica.com/2012/09/27/uncategorized/ethiopian-films-infiltrate-the-south/ |website=Screen Africa}}</ref> Theodros ya biyo bayan Abay vs. Vegas tare da wasu fina-finai biyu, ''Sost Maezen'' (Triangle - Going to America), wanda aka saki a watan Yulin 2013, da kuma sakamakonsa Sost Maecen 2 (Tri angle 2 - Peak of intimacy), wanda aka sake shi a watan Janairun 2017. ''Sost Maezen'' zai zama fim din da ya fi shahara. An zaba shi a matsayin tsakiya na bikin fina-finai na Pan African na 2015 da aka gudanar a [[Los Angeles]], kuma an ba shi lambar yabo ta Festival Founders' Award don mafi kyawun labarin labarin. An kuma zaba shi a matsayin fim na budewa na New African Film Festival a Silver Spring, Maryland.<ref>{{Cite web |title=2015 New African Film Festival |url=http://www.afi.com/silver/films/2015/p70/naff.aspx |website=American Film Institute}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Thoko Kachipande |date=31 March 2015 |title=African Storytelling in the Digital Age: New African Film Festival |url=http://southernafricanconnection.com/2015/03/31/african-storytelling-in-the-digital-age-new-african-film-festival/ |website=Southern African Connection}}</ref> ''Sost Maezen'' shine fim din daya tilo daga Habasha da za a zaba a cikin rukuni 8 don [[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka]], kuma ya lashe Kyautar Mai Taimako Mafi Kyawu, Kyautar Sauti, da Kyautar juriya ta musamman don mafi kyawun labarin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=AMAA 2013 Winners |url=https://www.ama-awards.com/amaa-2015-winners.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Interview with Theodros Teshome and Rekik Teshome |url=http://www.diretube.com/enechewawet/interview-with-artists-rekik-teshome-tewodros-teshome-part-1-video_f3de05a00.html |publisher=DireTube}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Interview with Theodros Teshome and Rekik Teshome |url=http://www.diretube.com/enechewawet/interview-with-artists-rekik-teshome-tewodros-teshome-part-2-video_21e730f9e.html |access-date=29 October 2012 |website=EBS |publisher=DireTube}}</ref> Ya lashe kyautar mafi kyawun masu sauraro a bikin fina-finai na Rwanda . Theodros ya rike mukamin shugaban kungiyar masu samar da sauti da bidiyo ta Habasha. === Fim din Sebastopol === A shekara ta 2005, Theodros Teshome ya kafa Sebastopol Cinema, mai suna bayan karni na 19 na Sebastopul cannon na Emperor Tewodros, a Cibiyar Nunin a Meskel Square a Addis Ababa. Kamfanin yanzu yana sarrafa mafi girman sarkar fina-finai masu zaman kansu a Habasha.<ref name="jedlowski">{{Cite journal |last=Jedlowski |first=Alessandro |date=1 October 2015 |title=Screening Ethiopia: A preliminary study of the history and contemporary developments of film production in Ethiopia |url=https://www.academia.edu/7242782 |journal=Journal of African Cinemas |volume=7 |pages=169–185(17) |doi=10.1386/jac.7.2.169_1}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFJedlowski2015">Jedlowski, Alessandro (1 October 2015). [https://www.academia.edu/7242782 "Screening Ethiopia: A preliminary study of the history and contemporary developments of film production in Ethiopia"]. ''Journal of African Cinemas''. '''7''' (2): 169–185(17). [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1386/jac.7.2.169_1|10.1386/jac.7.2.169_1]].</cite></ref> '''<big>Gidan lambu</big>''' A watan Disamba na 2020, Theodros ya gabatar da tafiyar lambu ta farko a Addis Ababa. Gidan shakatawa na Grove Garden Walk da wurin shakatawa suna cikin Ghion Hotel a kusa da Meskel Square kusa da fadar ƙasa. == Ƙarfafawa == A watan Satumba na shekarar 2008, farkon sabuwar karni a Habasha, Theodros ya haɗu da Teddy Afro, wani shahararren mawaki da aka san shi da wakokinsa na adawa da gwamnati, don yin waka a Jimma don bikin Millennium. [ ana buƙatar ambato ] A shekara mai zuwa, Teshome ya shirya wani taron tara kuɗi ga Jimma wanda ya tara dala miliyan 101 (wanda aka yi alƙawarin) ($11.2 miliyan) don ayyukan gina hanyoyi. == Hotunan fina-finai == * ''Gilbet Alem'' – 1996 * ''Seoul'' – 1998 * ''Kezkaza Welafen'' – 2003 * ''Fikir Seferd'' – 2005 * ''Red Mistake'' – 2006 * ''Abay vs.Vegas'' – 2011 * ''[[triangle: Going to America|Sost Maezen]]'' – (''Triangle: Going to America'') – June 2014 * ''Sost Maezen 2'' (''Triangle 2 - Peak of Intimacy'') – January 2017<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cinema |first=Sebastopol |title=Now Showing |url=http://www.sebastopol-cinema.com/nowshowing.html |access-date=29 October 2012 |website=Sebastopol Entertainment |publisher=Sebastopol Cinema}}</ref> == Kyaututtuka da gabatarwa == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Shekara !Kyautar !Sashe !Ayyuka !Sakamakon !Bayanan da aka ambata |- | rowspan="5" |2015 |[[Bikin Fim na Pan African]] |Kyautar Masu Kafa bikin- Labari | rowspan="5" |''[[triangle: Going to America|Triangle: Tafiya zuwa Amurka]]''|| {{Won}} | |- | rowspan="3" |[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fina-Finan Afirka|Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka]] |[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Director|Darakta Mafi Kyawu]]|| {{Nom}} | rowspan="3" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 June 2015 |title=Nominees for the 2015 Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA 2015) Revealed |url=https://www.indiewire.com/2015/06/nominees-for-the-2015-africa-movie-academy-awards-amaa-2015-revealed-153638/ |website=IndieWire}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Adesola Ade-Unuigbe |date=21 October 2015 |title=See Full List of 2015 Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA) Nominees |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2015/08/see-full-list-of-2015-african-movie-academy-awards-amaa-nominees-oc-ukeje-hilda-dokubo-ini-edo-more/ |website=Bella Naija}}</ref> |- |[[Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Film|Fim mafi kyau]]|| {{Nom}} |- |[[Kyautar Kwalejin Fim ta Afirka don Fim mafi kyau a cikin Harshen Afirka|Fim mafi kyau a cikin harshen Afirka]] Kyautar juriya ta musamman mafi kyawun fim | {{Nom}} |- |[[Ruwanda Film Festival|Bikin Fim na Rwanda]] |Kyautar Masu sauraro|| {{Won}} | |} 2024 Guma Film Award) Mafi kyawun mai ba da tallafi ga fim din Zimitaye == Manazarta == [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1970]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] 8rm3xi1716gibnp6f6prw9f3x26eu12 0 148559 826291 2026-04-25T17:27:27Z Gwanki 3834 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1342153765|Dagmawi Yimer]]" 826291 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Dagmawi Yimer''' (an haife ta a ranar 6 ga watan Disamba 1977), 'yar kasar [[Itofiya|Habashawa]] ce Mai shirya fim-finai ta Italiya . <ref name="filme">{{Cite web |title=Biografie Dagmawi Yimer |url=http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195332/http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ |archive-date=26 November 2021 |access-date=6 November 2020 |publisher=filme-aus-afrika}}</ref><ref name="themigrationist">{{Cite web |title=Journeying into the Hidden World of Migrants with Filmmaker Dagmawi Yimer |url=https://themigrationist.net/2014/11/05/journeying-into-the-hidden-world-of-migrants-with-filmmaker-dagmawi-yimer/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211017154247/https://themigrationist.net/2014/11/05/journeying-into-the-hidden-world-of-migrants-with-filmmaker-dagmawi-yimer/ |archive-date=17 October 2021 |access-date=6 November 2020 |publisher=The Migrationist}}</ref> Shi ne kuma co-kafa kuma mataimakin shugaban Archivio delle Memorie Migranti . <ref name="parse">{{Cite web |title=Dagmawi Yimer career |url=https://parsejournal.com/authors/dagmawi-yimer/ |access-date=6 November 2020 |publisher=Parse Journal}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta mutum == An haife shi a ranar 6 ga Disamba 1977 a wani karamin gari Kirkos, [[Addis Ababa]], Habasha . Kafin ya bar kasar, ya yi karatun shari'a a Addis Ababa a shekara ta 2003. <ref name="yimer">{{Cite web |title=Dagmawi Yimer |url=https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195327/https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer |archive-date=26 November 2021 |access-date=7 November 2020 |publisher=IFFR}}</ref> == Ayyuka == A shekara ta 2005, ya bar Habasha saboda tashin hankali mai karfi bayan siyasa. Ya bar gidan ba tare da sanar da mahaifinsa ba amma mahaifiyarsa da 'yar'uwarsa kawai. Ya haye hamada tsakanin Sudan da Libya sannan daga baya ya haye Bahar Rum a ƙarshen Yuli 2006, ya isa Lampedusa bayan tafiya mai haɗari.<ref name="yimer">{{Cite web |title=Dagmawi Yimer |url=https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195327/https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer |archive-date=26 November 2021 |access-date=7 November 2020 |publisher=IFFR}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195327/https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer "Dagmawi Yimer"]. IFFR. Archived from [https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer the original] on 26 November 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Ya zauna a Italiya tun watan Yulin shekara ta 2006. A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2007, ya halarci karatun bidiyo na kungiyar Asinitas a Roma. A wannan lokacin, ya yi fim dinsa na farko The Desert And the Sea tare da hadin gwiwar Asinitas, Zalab da Aamod.<ref name="filme">{{Cite web |title=Biografie Dagmawi Yimer |url=http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195332/http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ |archive-date=26 November 2021 |access-date=6 November 2020 |publisher=filme-aus-afrika}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195332/http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ "Biografie Dagmawi Yimer"]. filme-aus-afrika. Archived from [http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ the original] on 26 November 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> A halin yanzu, ya koma matsakanci na harshe da al'adu don ƙungiyar Asinitas Onlus, a cikin wannan makarantar Italiyanci don masu neman mafaka, 'yan gudun hijira da baƙi. A cikin shekaru daga 2007 zuwa 2008, Yimer ya yi shahararrun gajeren fina-finai: Lo ''Scabocchio'', Le sagome, da Caravan . <ref name="themigrationist">{{Cite web |title=Journeying into the Hidden World of Migrants with Filmmaker Dagmawi Yimer |url=https://themigrationist.net/2014/11/05/journeying-into-the-hidden-world-of-migrants-with-filmmaker-dagmawi-yimer/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211017154247/https://themigrationist.net/2014/11/05/journeying-into-the-hidden-world-of-migrants-with-filmmaker-dagmawi-yimer/ |archive-date=17 October 2021 |access-date=6 November 2020 |publisher=The Migrationist}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20211017154247/https://themigrationist.net/2014/11/05/journeying-into-the-hidden-world-of-migrants-with-filmmaker-dagmawi-yimer/ "Journeying into the Hidden World of Migrants with Filmmaker Dagmawi Yimer"]. The Migrationist. Archived from [https://themigrationist.net/2014/11/05/journeying-into-the-hidden-world-of-migrants-with-filmmaker-dagmawi-yimer/ the original] on 17 October 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Sa'an nan kuma ya yi ɗan gajeren Welcome to your house tare da Marco Carsetti . Daga nan sai ya kasance co-marubucin tarihin rayuwa Come un uomo sulla terra wanda ke da alaƙa da ƙaura daga Libya zuwa Turai.<ref name="yimer">{{Cite web |title=Dagmawi Yimer |url=https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195327/https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer |archive-date=26 November 2021 |access-date=7 November 2020 |publisher=IFFR}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195327/https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer "Dagmawi Yimer"]. IFFR. Archived from [https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer the original] on 26 November 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Asinitas Onlus ne ya samar da fim din, tare da hadin gwiwar Zalab. A shekara ta 2009, Yimer ya sami ambaton na musamman a BIF & ST don shirin.<ref name="filme">{{Cite web |title=Biografie Dagmawi Yimer |url=http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195332/http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ |archive-date=26 November 2021 |access-date=6 November 2020 |publisher=filme-aus-afrika}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195332/http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ "Biografie Dagmawi Yimer"]. filme-aus-afrika. Archived from [http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ the original] on 26 November 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> A shekara ta 2011, ya yi fim din Solo il mare, wanda ya mayar da hankali kan tsibirin Lampedusa . Sa'an nan a cikin 2013, Yimer ya yi Va 'Pensiero bisa ga labarin gicciye na hare-haren wariyar launin fata guda biyu a Milan da Florence. A shekara ta 2015, ya yi fina-finai biyu: Asmat-Names da Benvenuti a Italiya. == Hotunan fina-finai == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Fim din !Matsayi !Irin wannan !Tabbacin. |- |2007 |''Gidan motsa jiki'' |Daraktan |Gajeren fim | |- |2007 |''Labari'' |Daraktan |Gajeren fim | |- |2008 |''Scabocchio'' |Daraktan |Gajeren fim | |- |2008 |''Barka da zuwa gidanka'' |Daraktan |Gajeren fim | |- |2008 |''Ya zo wani mutum na duniya'' |Darakta, marubuci |Hotuna | |- |2011 |''Solo ya yi ruwa'' |Daraktan |Fim din | |- |2013 |''Ga wanda zai damu'' |Mai daukar hoto |Takaitaccen Bayani | |- |2013 |''Va' pensiero - Labarin ambulanti'' |Darakta, mai daukar hoto |Hotuna | |} == Bayanan da aka ambata == [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1977]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] tl7wh3qmv2ubiepnysi7nulhfveehz6 826292 826291 2026-04-25T17:27:46Z Gwanki 3834 826292 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Dagmawi Yimer''' (an haife ta a ranar 6 ga watan Disamba 1977), 'yar kasar [[Itofiya|Habashawa]] ce Mai shirya fim-finai ta Italiya . <ref name="filme">{{Cite web |title=Biografie Dagmawi Yimer |url=http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195332/http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ |archive-date=26 November 2021 |access-date=6 November 2020 |publisher=filme-aus-afrika}}</ref><ref name="themigrationist">{{Cite web |title=Journeying into the Hidden World of Migrants with Filmmaker Dagmawi Yimer |url=https://themigrationist.net/2014/11/05/journeying-into-the-hidden-world-of-migrants-with-filmmaker-dagmawi-yimer/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211017154247/https://themigrationist.net/2014/11/05/journeying-into-the-hidden-world-of-migrants-with-filmmaker-dagmawi-yimer/ |archive-date=17 October 2021 |access-date=6 November 2020 |publisher=The Migrationist}}</ref> Shi ne kuma co-kafa kuma mataimakin shugaban Archivio delle Memorie Migranti . <ref name="parse">{{Cite web |title=Dagmawi Yimer career |url=https://parsejournal.com/authors/dagmawi-yimer/ |access-date=6 November 2020 |publisher=Parse Journal}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta mutum == An haife shi a ranar 6 ga Disamba 1977 a wani karamin gari Kirkos, [[Addis Ababa]], Habasha . Kafin ya bar kasar, ya yi karatun shari'a a Addis Ababa a shekara ta 2003. <ref name="yimer">{{Cite web |title=Dagmawi Yimer |url=https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195327/https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer |archive-date=26 November 2021 |access-date=7 November 2020 |publisher=IFFR}}</ref> == Ayyuka == A shekara ta 2005, ya bar Habasha saboda tashin hankali mai karfi bayan siyasa. Ya bar gidan ba tare da sanar da mahaifinsa ba amma mahaifiyarsa da 'yar'uwarsa kawai. Ya haye hamada tsakanin Sudan da Libya sannan daga baya ya haye Bahar Rum a ƙarshen Yuli 2006, ya isa Lampedusa bayan tafiya mai haɗari.<ref name="yimer">{{Cite web |title=Dagmawi Yimer |url=https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195327/https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer |archive-date=26 November 2021 |access-date=7 November 2020 |publisher=IFFR}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195327/https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer "Dagmawi Yimer"]. IFFR. Archived from [https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer the original] on 26 November 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Ya zauna a Italiya tun watan Yulin shekara ta 2006. A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2007, ya halarci karatun bidiyo na kungiyar Asinitas a Roma. A wannan lokacin, ya yi fim dinsa na farko The Desert And the Sea tare da hadin gwiwar Asinitas, Zalab da Aamod.<ref name="filme">{{Cite web |title=Biografie Dagmawi Yimer |url=http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195332/http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ |archive-date=26 November 2021 |access-date=6 November 2020 |publisher=filme-aus-afrika}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195332/http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ "Biografie Dagmawi Yimer"]. filme-aus-afrika. Archived from [http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ the original] on 26 November 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> A halin yanzu, ya koma matsakanci na harshe da al'adu don ƙungiyar Asinitas Onlus, a cikin wannan makarantar Italiyanci don masu neman mafaka, 'yan gudun hijira da baƙi. A cikin shekaru daga 2007 zuwa 2008, Yimer ya yi shahararrun gajeren fina-finai: Lo ''Scabocchio'', Le sagome, da Caravan . <ref name="themigrationist">{{Cite web |title=Journeying into the Hidden World of Migrants with Filmmaker Dagmawi Yimer |url=https://themigrationist.net/2014/11/05/journeying-into-the-hidden-world-of-migrants-with-filmmaker-dagmawi-yimer/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211017154247/https://themigrationist.net/2014/11/05/journeying-into-the-hidden-world-of-migrants-with-filmmaker-dagmawi-yimer/ |archive-date=17 October 2021 |access-date=6 November 2020 |publisher=The Migrationist}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20211017154247/https://themigrationist.net/2014/11/05/journeying-into-the-hidden-world-of-migrants-with-filmmaker-dagmawi-yimer/ "Journeying into the Hidden World of Migrants with Filmmaker Dagmawi Yimer"]. The Migrationist. Archived from [https://themigrationist.net/2014/11/05/journeying-into-the-hidden-world-of-migrants-with-filmmaker-dagmawi-yimer/ the original] on 17 October 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Sa'an nan kuma ya yi ɗan gajeren Welcome to your house tare da Marco Carsetti . Daga nan sai ya kasance co-marubucin tarihin rayuwa Come un uomo sulla terra wanda ke da alaƙa da ƙaura daga Libya zuwa Turai.<ref name="yimer">{{Cite web |title=Dagmawi Yimer |url=https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195327/https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer |archive-date=26 November 2021 |access-date=7 November 2020 |publisher=IFFR}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195327/https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer "Dagmawi Yimer"]. IFFR. Archived from [https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer the original] on 26 November 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Asinitas Onlus ne ya samar da fim din, tare da hadin gwiwar Zalab. A shekara ta 2009, Yimer ya sami ambaton na musamman a BIF & ST don shirin.<ref name="filme">{{Cite web |title=Biografie Dagmawi Yimer |url=http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195332/http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ |archive-date=26 November 2021 |access-date=6 November 2020 |publisher=filme-aus-afrika}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195332/http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ "Biografie Dagmawi Yimer"]. filme-aus-afrika. Archived from [http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ the original] on 26 November 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> A shekara ta 2011, ya yi fim din Solo il mare, wanda ya mayar da hankali kan tsibirin Lampedusa . Sa'an nan a cikin 2013, Yimer ya yi Va 'Pensiero bisa ga labarin gicciye na hare-haren wariyar launin fata guda biyu a Milan da Florence. A shekara ta 2015, ya yi fina-finai biyu: Asmat-Names da Benvenuti a Italiya. == Hotunan fina-finai == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Fim din !Matsayi !Irin wannan !Tabbacin. |- |2007 |''Gidan motsa jiki'' |Daraktan |Gajeren fim | |- |2007 |''Labari'' |Daraktan |Gajeren fim | |- |2008 |''Scabocchio'' |Daraktan |Gajeren fim | |- |2008 |''Barka da zuwa gidanka'' |Daraktan |Gajeren fim | |- |2008 |''Ya zo wani mutum na duniya'' |Darakta, marubuci |Hotuna | |- |2011 |''Solo ya yi ruwa'' |Daraktan |Fim din | |- |2013 |''Ga wanda zai damu'' |Mai daukar hoto |Takaitaccen Bayani | |- |2013 |''Va' pensiero - Labarin ambulanti'' |Darakta, mai daukar hoto |Hotuna | |} == Bayanan da aka ambata == [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1977]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] je3d77c4irrk7wsyt1b8ug2quiiuia5 826295 826292 2026-04-25T17:30:04Z Kamal JB 24987 /* Bayanan da aka ambata */ 826295 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Dagmawi Yimer''' (an haife ta a ranar 6 ga watan Disamba 1977), 'yar kasar [[Itofiya|Habashawa]] ce Mai shirya fim-finai ta Italiya . <ref name="filme">{{Cite web |title=Biografie Dagmawi Yimer |url=http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195332/http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ |archive-date=26 November 2021 |access-date=6 November 2020 |publisher=filme-aus-afrika}}</ref><ref name="themigrationist">{{Cite web |title=Journeying into the Hidden World of Migrants with Filmmaker Dagmawi Yimer |url=https://themigrationist.net/2014/11/05/journeying-into-the-hidden-world-of-migrants-with-filmmaker-dagmawi-yimer/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211017154247/https://themigrationist.net/2014/11/05/journeying-into-the-hidden-world-of-migrants-with-filmmaker-dagmawi-yimer/ |archive-date=17 October 2021 |access-date=6 November 2020 |publisher=The Migrationist}}</ref> Shi ne kuma co-kafa kuma mataimakin shugaban Archivio delle Memorie Migranti . <ref name="parse">{{Cite web |title=Dagmawi Yimer career |url=https://parsejournal.com/authors/dagmawi-yimer/ |access-date=6 November 2020 |publisher=Parse Journal}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta mutum == An haife shi a ranar 6 ga Disamba 1977 a wani karamin gari Kirkos, [[Addis Ababa]], Habasha . Kafin ya bar kasar, ya yi karatun shari'a a Addis Ababa a shekara ta 2003. <ref name="yimer">{{Cite web |title=Dagmawi Yimer |url=https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195327/https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer |archive-date=26 November 2021 |access-date=7 November 2020 |publisher=IFFR}}</ref> == Ayyuka == A shekara ta 2005, ya bar Habasha saboda tashin hankali mai karfi bayan siyasa. Ya bar gidan ba tare da sanar da mahaifinsa ba amma mahaifiyarsa da 'yar'uwarsa kawai. Ya haye hamada tsakanin Sudan da Libya sannan daga baya ya haye Bahar Rum a ƙarshen Yuli 2006, ya isa Lampedusa bayan tafiya mai haɗari.<ref name="yimer">{{Cite web |title=Dagmawi Yimer |url=https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195327/https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer |archive-date=26 November 2021 |access-date=7 November 2020 |publisher=IFFR}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195327/https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer "Dagmawi Yimer"]. IFFR. Archived from [https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer the original] on 26 November 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Ya zauna a Italiya tun watan Yulin shekara ta 2006. A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2007, ya halarci karatun bidiyo na kungiyar Asinitas a Roma. A wannan lokacin, ya yi fim dinsa na farko The Desert And the Sea tare da hadin gwiwar Asinitas, Zalab da Aamod.<ref name="filme">{{Cite web |title=Biografie Dagmawi Yimer |url=http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195332/http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ |archive-date=26 November 2021 |access-date=6 November 2020 |publisher=filme-aus-afrika}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195332/http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ "Biografie Dagmawi Yimer"]. filme-aus-afrika. Archived from [http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ the original] on 26 November 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> A halin yanzu, ya koma matsakanci na harshe da al'adu don ƙungiyar Asinitas Onlus, a cikin wannan makarantar Italiyanci don masu neman mafaka, 'yan gudun hijira da baƙi. A cikin shekaru daga 2007 zuwa 2008, Yimer ya yi shahararrun gajeren fina-finai: Lo ''Scabocchio'', Le sagome, da Caravan . <ref name="themigrationist">{{Cite web |title=Journeying into the Hidden World of Migrants with Filmmaker Dagmawi Yimer |url=https://themigrationist.net/2014/11/05/journeying-into-the-hidden-world-of-migrants-with-filmmaker-dagmawi-yimer/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211017154247/https://themigrationist.net/2014/11/05/journeying-into-the-hidden-world-of-migrants-with-filmmaker-dagmawi-yimer/ |archive-date=17 October 2021 |access-date=6 November 2020 |publisher=The Migrationist}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20211017154247/https://themigrationist.net/2014/11/05/journeying-into-the-hidden-world-of-migrants-with-filmmaker-dagmawi-yimer/ "Journeying into the Hidden World of Migrants with Filmmaker Dagmawi Yimer"]. The Migrationist. Archived from [https://themigrationist.net/2014/11/05/journeying-into-the-hidden-world-of-migrants-with-filmmaker-dagmawi-yimer/ the original] on 17 October 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Sa'an nan kuma ya yi ɗan gajeren Welcome to your house tare da Marco Carsetti . Daga nan sai ya kasance co-marubucin tarihin rayuwa Come un uomo sulla terra wanda ke da alaƙa da ƙaura daga Libya zuwa Turai.<ref name="yimer">{{Cite web |title=Dagmawi Yimer |url=https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195327/https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer |archive-date=26 November 2021 |access-date=7 November 2020 |publisher=IFFR}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195327/https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer "Dagmawi Yimer"]. IFFR. Archived from [https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer the original] on 26 November 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Asinitas Onlus ne ya samar da fim din, tare da hadin gwiwar Zalab. A shekara ta 2009, Yimer ya sami ambaton na musamman a BIF & ST don shirin.<ref name="filme">{{Cite web |title=Biografie Dagmawi Yimer |url=http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195332/http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ |archive-date=26 November 2021 |access-date=6 November 2020 |publisher=filme-aus-afrika}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195332/http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ "Biografie Dagmawi Yimer"]. filme-aus-afrika. Archived from [http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ the original] on 26 November 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> A shekara ta 2011, ya yi fim din Solo il mare, wanda ya mayar da hankali kan tsibirin Lampedusa . Sa'an nan a cikin 2013, Yimer ya yi Va 'Pensiero bisa ga labarin gicciye na hare-haren wariyar launin fata guda biyu a Milan da Florence. A shekara ta 2015, ya yi fina-finai biyu: Asmat-Names da Benvenuti a Italiya. == Hotunan fina-finai == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Fim din !Matsayi !Irin wannan !Tabbacin. |- |2007 |''Gidan motsa jiki'' |Daraktan |Gajeren fim | |- |2007 |''Labari'' |Daraktan |Gajeren fim | |- |2008 |''Scabocchio'' |Daraktan |Gajeren fim | |- |2008 |''Barka da zuwa gidanka'' |Daraktan |Gajeren fim | |- |2008 |''Ya zo wani mutum na duniya'' |Darakta, marubuci |Hotuna | |- |2011 |''Solo ya yi ruwa'' |Daraktan |Fim din | |- |2013 |''Ga wanda zai damu'' |Mai daukar hoto |Takaitaccen Bayani | |- |2013 |''Va' pensiero - Labarin ambulanti'' |Darakta, mai daukar hoto |Hotuna | |} == MANAZARTA == [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1977]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 1cr4wz8gje2e2veslxbopy38winffnk 826297 826295 2026-04-25T17:30:33Z Kamal JB 24987 826297 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Dagmawi Yimer''' (an haife ta a ranar 6 ga watan Disamba 1977), 'yar kasar [[Itofiya|Habashawa]] ce Mai shirya fim-finai ta Italiya . <ref> name="filme">{{Cite web |title=Biografie Dagmawi Yimer |url=http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195332/http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ |archive-date=26 November 2021 |access-date=6 November 2020 |publisher=filme-aus-afrika}}</ref><ref> name="themigrationist">{{Cite web |title=Journeying into the Hidden World of Migrants with Filmmaker Dagmawi Yimer |url=https://themigrationist.net/2014/11/05/journeying-into-the-hidden-world-of-migrants-with-filmmaker-dagmawi-yimer/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211017154247/https://themigrationist.net/2014/11/05/journeying-into-the-hidden-world-of-migrants-with-filmmaker-dagmawi-yimer/ |archive-date=17 October 2021 |access-date=6 November 2020 |publisher=The Migrationist}}</ref> Shi ne kuma co-kafa kuma mataimakin shugaban Archivio delle Memorie Migranti . <ref> name="parse">{{Cite web |title=Dagmawi Yimer career |url=https://parsejournal.com/authors/dagmawi-yimer/ |access-date=6 November 2020 |publisher=Parse Journal}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta mutum == An haife shi a ranar 6 ga Disamba 1977 a wani karamin gari Kirkos, [[Addis Ababa]], Habasha . Kafin ya bar kasar, ya yi karatun shari'a a Addis Ababa a shekara ta 2003. <ref name="yimer">{{Cite web |title=Dagmawi Yimer |url=https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195327/https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer |archive-date=26 November 2021 |access-date=7 November 2020 |publisher=IFFR}}</ref> == Ayyuka == A shekara ta 2005, ya bar Habasha saboda tashin hankali mai karfi bayan siyasa. Ya bar gidan ba tare da sanar da mahaifinsa ba amma mahaifiyarsa da 'yar'uwarsa kawai. Ya haye hamada tsakanin Sudan da Libya sannan daga baya ya haye Bahar Rum a ƙarshen Yuli 2006, ya isa Lampedusa bayan tafiya mai haɗari.<ref name="yimer">{{Cite web |title=Dagmawi Yimer |url=https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195327/https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer |archive-date=26 November 2021 |access-date=7 November 2020 |publisher=IFFR}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195327/https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer "Dagmawi Yimer"]. IFFR. Archived from [https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer the original] on 26 November 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Ya zauna a Italiya tun watan Yulin shekara ta 2006. A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2007, ya halarci karatun bidiyo na kungiyar Asinitas a Roma. A wannan lokacin, ya yi fim dinsa na farko The Desert And the Sea tare da hadin gwiwar Asinitas, Zalab da Aamod.<ref name="filme">{{Cite web |title=Biografie Dagmawi Yimer |url=http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195332/http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ |archive-date=26 November 2021 |access-date=6 November 2020 |publisher=filme-aus-afrika}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195332/http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ "Biografie Dagmawi Yimer"]. filme-aus-afrika. Archived from [http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ the original] on 26 November 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> A halin yanzu, ya koma matsakanci na harshe da al'adu don ƙungiyar Asinitas Onlus, a cikin wannan makarantar Italiyanci don masu neman mafaka, 'yan gudun hijira da baƙi. A cikin shekaru daga 2007 zuwa 2008, Yimer ya yi shahararrun gajeren fina-finai: Lo ''Scabocchio'', Le sagome, da Caravan . <ref name="themigrationist">{{Cite web |title=Journeying into the Hidden World of Migrants with Filmmaker Dagmawi Yimer |url=https://themigrationist.net/2014/11/05/journeying-into-the-hidden-world-of-migrants-with-filmmaker-dagmawi-yimer/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211017154247/https://themigrationist.net/2014/11/05/journeying-into-the-hidden-world-of-migrants-with-filmmaker-dagmawi-yimer/ |archive-date=17 October 2021 |access-date=6 November 2020 |publisher=The Migrationist}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20211017154247/https://themigrationist.net/2014/11/05/journeying-into-the-hidden-world-of-migrants-with-filmmaker-dagmawi-yimer/ "Journeying into the Hidden World of Migrants with Filmmaker Dagmawi Yimer"]. The Migrationist. Archived from [https://themigrationist.net/2014/11/05/journeying-into-the-hidden-world-of-migrants-with-filmmaker-dagmawi-yimer/ the original] on 17 October 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Sa'an nan kuma ya yi ɗan gajeren Welcome to your house tare da Marco Carsetti . Daga nan sai ya kasance co-marubucin tarihin rayuwa Come un uomo sulla terra wanda ke da alaƙa da ƙaura daga Libya zuwa Turai.<ref name="yimer">{{Cite web |title=Dagmawi Yimer |url=https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195327/https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer |archive-date=26 November 2021 |access-date=7 November 2020 |publisher=IFFR}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195327/https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer "Dagmawi Yimer"]. IFFR. Archived from [https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer the original] on 26 November 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Asinitas Onlus ne ya samar da fim din, tare da hadin gwiwar Zalab. A shekara ta 2009, Yimer ya sami ambaton na musamman a BIF & ST don shirin.<ref name="filme">{{Cite web |title=Biografie Dagmawi Yimer |url=http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195332/http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ |archive-date=26 November 2021 |access-date=6 November 2020 |publisher=filme-aus-afrika}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195332/http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ "Biografie Dagmawi Yimer"]. filme-aus-afrika. Archived from [http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ the original] on 26 November 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> A shekara ta 2011, ya yi fim din Solo il mare, wanda ya mayar da hankali kan tsibirin Lampedusa . Sa'an nan a cikin 2013, Yimer ya yi Va 'Pensiero bisa ga labarin gicciye na hare-haren wariyar launin fata guda biyu a Milan da Florence. A shekara ta 2015, ya yi fina-finai biyu: Asmat-Names da Benvenuti a Italiya. == Hotunan fina-finai == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Fim din !Matsayi !Irin wannan !Tabbacin. |- |2007 |''Gidan motsa jiki'' |Daraktan |Gajeren fim | |- |2007 |''Labari'' |Daraktan |Gajeren fim | |- |2008 |''Scabocchio'' |Daraktan |Gajeren fim | |- |2008 |''Barka da zuwa gidanka'' |Daraktan |Gajeren fim | |- |2008 |''Ya zo wani mutum na duniya'' |Darakta, marubuci |Hotuna | |- |2011 |''Solo ya yi ruwa'' |Daraktan |Fim din | |- |2013 |''Ga wanda zai damu'' |Mai daukar hoto |Takaitaccen Bayani | |- |2013 |''Va' pensiero - Labarin ambulanti'' |Darakta, mai daukar hoto |Hotuna | |} == MANAZARTA == [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1977]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] tfd6rnc6u06j8ivuf3ncuw38bqa5azi 826299 826297 2026-04-25T17:31:12Z Kamal JB 24987 /* Rayuwa ta mutum */ 826299 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Dagmawi Yimer''' (an haife ta a ranar 6 ga watan Disamba 1977), 'yar kasar [[Itofiya|Habashawa]] ce Mai shirya fim-finai ta Italiya . <ref> name="filme">{{Cite web |title=Biografie Dagmawi Yimer |url=http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195332/http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ |archive-date=26 November 2021 |access-date=6 November 2020 |publisher=filme-aus-afrika}}</ref><ref> name="themigrationist">{{Cite web |title=Journeying into the Hidden World of Migrants with Filmmaker Dagmawi Yimer |url=https://themigrationist.net/2014/11/05/journeying-into-the-hidden-world-of-migrants-with-filmmaker-dagmawi-yimer/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211017154247/https://themigrationist.net/2014/11/05/journeying-into-the-hidden-world-of-migrants-with-filmmaker-dagmawi-yimer/ |archive-date=17 October 2021 |access-date=6 November 2020 |publisher=The Migrationist}}</ref> Shi ne kuma co-kafa kuma mataimakin shugaban Archivio delle Memorie Migranti . <ref> name="parse">{{Cite web |title=Dagmawi Yimer career |url=https://parsejournal.com/authors/dagmawi-yimer/ |access-date=6 November 2020 |publisher=Parse Journal}}</ref> == Rayuwa ta mutum == An haife shi a ranar 6 ga Disamba 1977 a wani karamin gari Kirkos, [[Addis Ababa]], Habasha . Kafin ya bar kasar, ya yi karatun shari'a a Addis Ababa a shekara ta 2003. <ref> name="yimer">{{Cite web |title=Dagmawi Yimer |url=https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195327/https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer |archive-date=26 November 2021 |access-date=7 November 2020 |publisher=IFFR}}</ref> == Ayyuka == A shekara ta 2005, ya bar Habasha saboda tashin hankali mai karfi bayan siyasa. Ya bar gidan ba tare da sanar da mahaifinsa ba amma mahaifiyarsa da 'yar'uwarsa kawai. Ya haye hamada tsakanin Sudan da Libya sannan daga baya ya haye Bahar Rum a ƙarshen Yuli 2006, ya isa Lampedusa bayan tafiya mai haɗari.<ref name="yimer">{{Cite web |title=Dagmawi Yimer |url=https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195327/https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer |archive-date=26 November 2021 |access-date=7 November 2020 |publisher=IFFR}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195327/https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer "Dagmawi Yimer"]. IFFR. Archived from [https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer the original] on 26 November 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Ya zauna a Italiya tun watan Yulin shekara ta 2006. A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2007, ya halarci karatun bidiyo na kungiyar Asinitas a Roma. A wannan lokacin, ya yi fim dinsa na farko The Desert And the Sea tare da hadin gwiwar Asinitas, Zalab da Aamod.<ref name="filme">{{Cite web |title=Biografie Dagmawi Yimer |url=http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195332/http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ |archive-date=26 November 2021 |access-date=6 November 2020 |publisher=filme-aus-afrika}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195332/http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ "Biografie Dagmawi Yimer"]. filme-aus-afrika. Archived from [http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ the original] on 26 November 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> A halin yanzu, ya koma matsakanci na harshe da al'adu don ƙungiyar Asinitas Onlus, a cikin wannan makarantar Italiyanci don masu neman mafaka, 'yan gudun hijira da baƙi. A cikin shekaru daga 2007 zuwa 2008, Yimer ya yi shahararrun gajeren fina-finai: Lo ''Scabocchio'', Le sagome, da Caravan . <ref name="themigrationist">{{Cite web |title=Journeying into the Hidden World of Migrants with Filmmaker Dagmawi Yimer |url=https://themigrationist.net/2014/11/05/journeying-into-the-hidden-world-of-migrants-with-filmmaker-dagmawi-yimer/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211017154247/https://themigrationist.net/2014/11/05/journeying-into-the-hidden-world-of-migrants-with-filmmaker-dagmawi-yimer/ |archive-date=17 October 2021 |access-date=6 November 2020 |publisher=The Migrationist}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20211017154247/https://themigrationist.net/2014/11/05/journeying-into-the-hidden-world-of-migrants-with-filmmaker-dagmawi-yimer/ "Journeying into the Hidden World of Migrants with Filmmaker Dagmawi Yimer"]. The Migrationist. Archived from [https://themigrationist.net/2014/11/05/journeying-into-the-hidden-world-of-migrants-with-filmmaker-dagmawi-yimer/ the original] on 17 October 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Sa'an nan kuma ya yi ɗan gajeren Welcome to your house tare da Marco Carsetti . Daga nan sai ya kasance co-marubucin tarihin rayuwa Come un uomo sulla terra wanda ke da alaƙa da ƙaura daga Libya zuwa Turai.<ref name="yimer">{{Cite web |title=Dagmawi Yimer |url=https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195327/https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer |archive-date=26 November 2021 |access-date=7 November 2020 |publisher=IFFR}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195327/https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer "Dagmawi Yimer"]. IFFR. Archived from [https://iffr.com/en/persons/dagmawi-yimer the original] on 26 November 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> Asinitas Onlus ne ya samar da fim din, tare da hadin gwiwar Zalab. A shekara ta 2009, Yimer ya sami ambaton na musamman a BIF & ST don shirin.<ref name="filme">{{Cite web |title=Biografie Dagmawi Yimer |url=http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195332/http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ |archive-date=26 November 2021 |access-date=6 November 2020 |publisher=filme-aus-afrika}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[https://web.archive.org/web/20211126195332/http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ "Biografie Dagmawi Yimer"]. filme-aus-afrika. Archived from [http://www.filme-aus-afrika.de/EN/film-database/persons/personen-details/w/3509/ the original] on 26 November 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite></ref> A shekara ta 2011, ya yi fim din Solo il mare, wanda ya mayar da hankali kan tsibirin Lampedusa . Sa'an nan a cikin 2013, Yimer ya yi Va 'Pensiero bisa ga labarin gicciye na hare-haren wariyar launin fata guda biyu a Milan da Florence. A shekara ta 2015, ya yi fina-finai biyu: Asmat-Names da Benvenuti a Italiya. == Hotunan fina-finai == {| class="wikitable" !Shekara !Fim din !Matsayi !Irin wannan !Tabbacin. |- |2007 |''Gidan motsa jiki'' |Daraktan |Gajeren fim | |- |2007 |''Labari'' |Daraktan |Gajeren fim | |- |2008 |''Scabocchio'' |Daraktan |Gajeren fim | |- |2008 |''Barka da zuwa gidanka'' |Daraktan |Gajeren fim | |- |2008 |''Ya zo wani mutum na duniya'' |Darakta, marubuci |Hotuna | |- |2011 |''Solo ya yi ruwa'' |Daraktan |Fim din | |- |2013 |''Ga wanda zai damu'' |Mai daukar hoto |Takaitaccen Bayani | |- |2013 |''Va' pensiero - Labarin ambulanti'' |Darakta, mai daukar hoto |Hotuna | |} == MANAZARTA == [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1977]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] 94gdmbvs2rlihzgqya7n5icmcg82uov 0 148560 826296 2026-04-25T17:30:22Z Gwanki 3834 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1349368542|Jean-Paul Ngassa]]" 826296 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jean-Paul Ngassa''' (1939-2022) ɗan fim ne na [[Kamaru]] . An haife shi a Bana Bafang, Kamaru kuma ya kammala karatu daga Cibiyar Nazarin Cinematographic ta Faransa (IDHEC) a cikin shekarun 1950. Ya yi fina-finai Adventure en France (1962) da La Grande Case Bamiléké (1965) bayan samun 'yancin kai na Faransa a shekarar 1960.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Coulon |first=Florent |date=2011 |title=Une histoire du cinéma camerounais: Cheminement vers l'indépendance de la production |url=http://www.cairn.info/revue-afrique-contemporaine-2011-2-page-91.htm |journal=Afrique contemporaine |language=fr |volume=238 |issue=2 |pages=91–105 |doi=10.3917/afco.238.0091 |issn=0002-0478 |url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Olinga |first=Jean-Marie Mollo |date=2004 |title=Le cinéma camerounais, en lumières et ombres |url=http://www.cairn.info/revue-africultures-2004-3-page-115.htm |journal=[[Africultures]] |language=fr |volume=60 |issue=3 |pages=115–118 |doi=10.3917/afcul.060.0115 |issn=1276-2458 |url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nadege |first=Tsogo Momo Marie |date=2017 |title=De l’appropriation ou non de l'émergence dans les films camerounais (1962–2010): essai d'analyse historique |journal=[[Africa Development]] |volume=42 |issue=4 |pages=52 |issn=0850-3907 |jstor=26617819}}</ref> Ya jagoranci tsohon tare da Philippe Brunet . <ref name=":0" /> W. Hamon ne ya jagoranci La Grande Case Bamiléké kuma ya sami "Best Documentary Award" a Bikin Duniya na Black Arts na 1966. A shekara ta 1970, ya jagoranci shirin fim din Une nation est née, a cikin shekaru goma na farko na 'yancin kai na Kamaru. Ngassa ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan farko na Kamaru Actualités, kamfanin samar da fina-finai da hotuna. Daga 1972 zuwa 1976, ya yi aiki a matsayin Sakatare Janar na Tarayyar Pan-African na Masu Fim (FEPACI). == Bayanan da aka ambata == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2022]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1939]] aac4fh5kdkyuwfxph61hu9g4qs318u1 826298 826296 2026-04-25T17:30:40Z Gwanki 3834 826298 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Jean-Paul Ngassa''' (1939-2022) ɗan fim ne na [[Kamaru]] . An haife shi a Bana Bafang, Kamaru kuma ya kammala karatu daga Cibiyar Nazarin Cinematographic ta Faransa (IDHEC) a cikin shekarun 1950. Ya yi fina-finai Adventure en France (1962) da La Grande Case Bamiléké (1965) bayan samun 'yancin kai na Faransa a shekarar 1960.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Coulon |first=Florent |date=2011 |title=Une histoire du cinéma camerounais: Cheminement vers l'indépendance de la production |url=http://www.cairn.info/revue-afrique-contemporaine-2011-2-page-91.htm |journal=Afrique contemporaine |language=fr |volume=238 |issue=2 |pages=91–105 |doi=10.3917/afco.238.0091 |issn=0002-0478 |url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Olinga |first=Jean-Marie Mollo |date=2004 |title=Le cinéma camerounais, en lumières et ombres |url=http://www.cairn.info/revue-africultures-2004-3-page-115.htm |journal=[[Africultures]] |language=fr |volume=60 |issue=3 |pages=115–118 |doi=10.3917/afcul.060.0115 |issn=1276-2458 |url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nadege |first=Tsogo Momo Marie |date=2017 |title=De l’appropriation ou non de l'émergence dans les films camerounais (1962–2010): essai d'analyse historique |journal=[[Africa Development]] |volume=42 |issue=4 |pages=52 |issn=0850-3907 |jstor=26617819}}</ref> Ya jagoranci tsohon tare da Philippe Brunet . <ref name=":0" /> W. Hamon ne ya jagoranci La Grande Case Bamiléké kuma ya sami "Best Documentary Award" a Bikin Duniya na Black Arts na 1966. A shekara ta 1970, ya jagoranci shirin fim din Une nation est née, a cikin shekaru goma na farko na 'yancin kai na Kamaru. Ngassa ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan farko na Kamaru Actualités, kamfanin samar da fina-finai da hotuna. Daga 1972 zuwa 1976, ya yi aiki a matsayin Sakatare Janar na Tarayyar Pan-African na Masu Fim (FEPACI). == Bayanan da aka ambata == [[Rukuni:Mutuwan 2022]] [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1939]] phcx247prpa5rdhu9r6xh2dl1y3v1u0 0 148561 826302 2026-04-25T18:02:29Z A'isha A Ibrahim 22074 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1301894841|Hedvig Ulrika De la Gardie]]" 826302 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Hedvig_Ulrika_De_la_Gardie.jpg|thumb|Hedvig Ulrika De la Gardie, shekarun 1790]] [[Fayil:Hedvig_Ulrika_De_la_Gardie,_1761-1832,_gift_Armfelt_(Pehr_Hilleström_d.ä.)_-_Nationalmuseum_-_14954.tif|thumb|Hedvig Ulrika De la Gardie a kan mataki a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Gustav III, Pehr Hilleström, Nationalmuseum]] '''Muhammad ya ba da wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu Hedvig Ulrika De la Gardie''' (29 Nuwamba 1761 a [[Stockholm]], Sweden - 7 Fabrairu 1832 a Stockholm), yar Sweden ce mai jiran. Ta auri Gustaf Mauritz Armfelt . Ita ce shugabar yarinyar sarauta ta Sweden a cikin 1799-1803. == Tarihin rayuwa == === Rayuwa ta farko === Hedvig Ulrika De la Gardie 'yar Count Carl Julius De la Gardia ce da Countess Magdalena Christina Stenbock . Mahaifiyarta ita ce Uwargidan tufafi ga Gimbiya Sophie Albertine ta Sweden, kuma ita kanta ta kasance uwargidan Sarauniya, Sophia Magdalena ta Denmark. Ta kasance mai shiga cikin ƙungiyar wasan kwaikwayo na Sarki Gustav III a kotun sarauta. Ta yi aure a ranar 7 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1785 a Fadar Drottningholm ga Gustaf Mauritz Armfelt wanda Sarki ya fi so. Sarki ne ya shirya auren. An ce Armfelt ya auri ta saboda matsayinta da matsayin sunanta: ya bi da ita da girmamawa amma bai taɓa ƙaunar ta ba kuma yana da dangantaka iri ɗaya da Magdalena Rudenschöld. Hedvig Ulrika, a gefe guda, yana ƙaunarsa sosai, kuma ya kasance mai aminci a gare shi. An bayyana ta a matsayin mai shiru, mai tsanani da abin dogaro. === Bautar farko === A shekara ta 1792, ta bi Armfelt zuwa [[Napoli|Naples]]. An ba ta wasu takardunsa kuma ta binne su a cikin lambun, amma bawan da ya binne su ya sayar da takardun kuma ya maye gurbin su da takarda mara kyau, wanda ya ba da gudummawa ga fallasa makircin Armfelt. An ba da umarnin kama mijinta, kuma saboda haka, an tsare ta sau da yawa, a Roma da Venice, yayin tafiyarta daga Italiya zuwa dangi a [[Riga]] a Livonia a cikin 1794. An ba ta izinin ci gaba da fansho a matsayin uwargidan jira kuma Duke Charles ya ba ta kuɗin tafiye-tafiye. An yanke wa mijinta hukuncin kisa ba tare da izini ba saboda cin amana, kuma an dakatar da ita daga Sweden da kuma amfani da sunansa. An kwace dukiyar mijinta a Sweden, amma kamar yadda aka saba, an ba shi ga 'ya'yansa. Kamar yadda aka yanke wa Armfelt hukuncin kisa, Hedvig Ulrika shine mai kula da 'ya'yansu maimakon shi, saboda haka an ba shi iko da dukiyarsa ta Sweden. Koyaya, ba ta iya sarrafa shi ba saboda gudun hijira, don haka ta kira Axel von Fersen the Younger a matsayin wakilin al'amuranta a Sweden. Ta ci gaba da tabbatar da rashin laifi na mijinta, aƙalla a hukumance. Ma'auratan sun zauna a ƙarƙashin kariya ta Catherine the Great a Kaluga . Hedvig Ulrika ta yi aiki a matsayin wakilin mijinta a lokuta da yawa. Ta ziyarci Paul I na Rasha don neman yanayi mafi kyau a shekara ta 1796, amma ta kasa. Lokacin da aka ayyana Gustav IV Adolf na Sweden a matsayin mafi rinjaye na doka a shekara ta 1797, ta ziyarci masarautar Sweden kuma ta sami izini don ta koma Sweden, don amfani da sunan mijinta don ba da damar Armfelt ta zauna a ko'ina sai dai Sweden da Rasha da kuma dakatar da duk tsanantawa da aka yi masa. Daga nan sai ta sami izini daga sarkin don barin Armfelt ya bar Rasha, kuma a cikin 1798, ta yi tafiya tare da shi zuwa [[Berlin]]. A lokacin ziyararta a Sweden, ta tuntubi mai duba Ulrica Arfvidsson game da makomar mijinta da ke gudun hijira, inda aka gaya mata cewa kwanakin baƙin ciki za su ƙare nan ba da daɗewa ba, kuma duk zai yi kyau ga mijinta.<ref>''[https://runeberg.org/ordochbild/1914/0363.html Ord och Bild]'', Tjugutredje årgången. 1914, Runeberg {{In lang|sv}}</ref> === Komawa Sweden === A shekara ta 1799, Hedvig ta koma Sweden, inda aka nada ta shugabar kotun yara na sarauta. Ta yarda da nadin ne a kan yanayin cewa an ba Armfelt damar komawa Sweden. An ba ta burinta, wanda aka cika a cikin 1800, bayan ta yi barazanar yin murabus idan ba a girmama yarjejeniyar ba. An sanar da Armfelt cewa an cire gudun hijira saboda la'akari da matarsa da mahaifiyarsa. Hedvig tana sha'awar amincinta ga Armfelt, yayin da ba a dauke shi ya cancanci hakan ba. Ta bar matsayinta a kotu a 1803 tare da taken al'ada na Excellency, kuma Charlotte Stierneld ta gaje ta a matsayin mai kula da sarauta. === Bautar ta biyu === A watan Maris na shekara ta 1811, Yarima mai sarauta da kuma mai mulki Charles John sun kori Armfelt a gudun hijira bisa zargin makirci da aka yi wa Yarima mai mulki. Hedvig Ulrika De la Gardie ta tattauna da Yarima ta hanyar Sarauniya don Armfelt, amma ba tare da nasara ba. A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1811, an kori Armfelt daga Sweden kuma ya yi hijira zuwa Rasha. Saboda ta nuna fushinta game da hukuncin, Yarima ya haɗa ta cikin gudun hijira kuma ya hana ta fansho a matsayin mai kula da kotu, wanda duk da haka Sarauniya ta yi jayayya. Ta haɗu da mijinta a cikin 1812. Kafin tafiyarta, Yarima na Sarauta ya ba ta mamaki a ziyarar da ya ziyarci Lars von Engeström kuma ya gaya mata cewa ya yi nadamar gudun hijira na Armfelt kuma an yi masa kuskure kuma bai ji komai ba sai girmamawa a gare shi. Hedvig Ulrika De la Gardie an ba ta hotunan sarakunan Rasha, an ba ta kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin uwargidan jira (Dame du palais et dame a portrait) ga Sarauniyar a cikin 1820-1822. Ta shafe shekarunta na ƙarshe a Sweden. Hedvig Ulrika De la Gardie an ba shi (Ƙaramin) Order of Saint Catherine a cikin 1814. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Tushe == * Hedvig Ulrika De la Gardie da Wilhelmina Stålberg, Anteckningar om svenska qvinnor (1864) * Cecilia af Klercker (1920). Hedvig Elisabeth Charlottas dagbok IV 1794-1794. P.A. Norstedt & Söners förlag Stockholm. sid. 194, 313 * Cecilia af Klercker (1927). Hedvig Elisabeth Charlottas dagbok VI 1797-1799. P.A. Norstedt & Söners förlag Stockholm. sid. 11, 33, 239 * Cecilia af Klercker (1936). Hedvig Elisabeth Charlottas dagbok VII 1800-1806. P.A. Norstedt & Söners förlag Stockholm. sid. 50–51, 260, 263 * Göran Alm och Rebecka Millhagen: Drottningholms slott. Bd 2, Från Gustav III har zuwa Carl XVI Gustaf / [utgiven] da kuma Med Kungl. Hovstaterna och Statens fastighetsverk (2010) * Cecilia af Klercker (1942). Hedvig Elisabeth Charlottas dagbok IX (1812-1817). Stockholm: Norstedt & Söners förlag == Ƙarin karantawa == * Hedvig Ulrika De la GardieaMutanen da ke cikin mutanen da ke cikin rayuwarsu {{S-start}} {{s-court}} {{Succession box|title=Royal Governess (Sweden)|before=[[Hedvig Sofia von Rosen]]|after=[[Charlotte Stierneld]]|years=1799-1802}} {{S-end}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] ozbkw8ajp4abvypibgf453q7pcqyciz 826303 826302 2026-04-25T18:03:03Z A'isha A Ibrahim 22074 826303 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Hedvig_Ulrika_De_la_Gardie.jpg|thumb|Hedvig Ulrika De la Gardie, shekarun 1790]] [[Fayil:Hedvig_Ulrika_De_la_Gardie,_1761-1832,_gift_Armfelt_(Pehr_Hilleström_d.ä.)_-_Nationalmuseum_-_14954.tif|thumb|Hedvig Ulrika De la Gardie a kan mataki a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Gustav III, Pehr Hilleström, Nationalmuseum]] '''Hedvig Ulrika De la Gardie''' (29 Nuwamba 1761 a [[Stockholm]], Sweden - 7 Fabrairu 1832 a Stockholm), yar Sweden ce mai jiran. Ta auri Gustaf Mauritz Armfelt . Ita ce shugabar yarinyar sarauta ta Sweden a cikin 1799-1803. == Tarihin rayuwa == === Rayuwa ta farko === Hedvig Ulrika De la Gardie 'yar Count Carl Julius De la Gardia ce da Countess Magdalena Christina Stenbock . Mahaifiyarta ita ce Uwargidan tufafi ga Gimbiya Sophie Albertine ta Sweden, kuma ita kanta ta kasance uwargidan Sarauniya, Sophia Magdalena ta Denmark. Ta kasance mai shiga cikin ƙungiyar wasan kwaikwayo na Sarki Gustav III a kotun sarauta. Ta yi aure a ranar 7 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1785 a Fadar Drottningholm ga Gustaf Mauritz Armfelt wanda Sarki ya fi so. Sarki ne ya shirya auren. An ce Armfelt ya auri ta saboda matsayinta da matsayin sunanta: ya bi da ita da girmamawa amma bai taɓa ƙaunar ta ba kuma yana da dangantaka iri ɗaya da Magdalena Rudenschöld. Hedvig Ulrika, a gefe guda, yana ƙaunarsa sosai, kuma ya kasance mai aminci a gare shi. An bayyana ta a matsayin mai shiru, mai tsanani da abin dogaro. === Bautar farko === A shekara ta 1792, ta bi Armfelt zuwa [[Napoli|Naples]]. An ba ta wasu takardunsa kuma ta binne su a cikin lambun, amma bawan da ya binne su ya sayar da takardun kuma ya maye gurbin su da takarda mara kyau, wanda ya ba da gudummawa ga fallasa makircin Armfelt. An ba da umarnin kama mijinta, kuma saboda haka, an tsare ta sau da yawa, a Roma da Venice, yayin tafiyarta daga Italiya zuwa dangi a [[Riga]] a Livonia a cikin 1794. An ba ta izinin ci gaba da fansho a matsayin uwargidan jira kuma Duke Charles ya ba ta kuɗin tafiye-tafiye. An yanke wa mijinta hukuncin kisa ba tare da izini ba saboda cin amana, kuma an dakatar da ita daga Sweden da kuma amfani da sunansa. An kwace dukiyar mijinta a Sweden, amma kamar yadda aka saba, an ba shi ga 'ya'yansa. Kamar yadda aka yanke wa Armfelt hukuncin kisa, Hedvig Ulrika shine mai kula da 'ya'yansu maimakon shi, saboda haka an ba shi iko da dukiyarsa ta Sweden. Koyaya, ba ta iya sarrafa shi ba saboda gudun hijira, don haka ta kira Axel von Fersen the Younger a matsayin wakilin al'amuranta a Sweden. Ta ci gaba da tabbatar da rashin laifi na mijinta, aƙalla a hukumance. Ma'auratan sun zauna a ƙarƙashin kariya ta Catherine the Great a Kaluga . Hedvig Ulrika ta yi aiki a matsayin wakilin mijinta a lokuta da yawa. Ta ziyarci Paul I na Rasha don neman yanayi mafi kyau a shekara ta 1796, amma ta kasa. Lokacin da aka ayyana Gustav IV Adolf na Sweden a matsayin mafi rinjaye na doka a shekara ta 1797, ta ziyarci masarautar Sweden kuma ta sami izini don ta koma Sweden, don amfani da sunan mijinta don ba da damar Armfelt ta zauna a ko'ina sai dai Sweden da Rasha da kuma dakatar da duk tsanantawa da aka yi masa. Daga nan sai ta sami izini daga sarkin don barin Armfelt ya bar Rasha, kuma a cikin 1798, ta yi tafiya tare da shi zuwa [[Berlin]]. A lokacin ziyararta a Sweden, ta tuntubi mai duba Ulrica Arfvidsson game da makomar mijinta da ke gudun hijira, inda aka gaya mata cewa kwanakin baƙin ciki za su ƙare nan ba da daɗewa ba, kuma duk zai yi kyau ga mijinta.<ref>''[https://runeberg.org/ordochbild/1914/0363.html Ord och Bild]'', Tjugutredje årgången. 1914, Runeberg {{In lang|sv}}</ref> === Komawa Sweden === A shekara ta 1799, Hedvig ta koma Sweden, inda aka nada ta shugabar kotun yara na sarauta. Ta yarda da nadin ne a kan yanayin cewa an ba Armfelt damar komawa Sweden. An ba ta burinta, wanda aka cika a cikin 1800, bayan ta yi barazanar yin murabus idan ba a girmama yarjejeniyar ba. An sanar da Armfelt cewa an cire gudun hijira saboda la'akari da matarsa da mahaifiyarsa. Hedvig tana sha'awar amincinta ga Armfelt, yayin da ba a dauke shi ya cancanci hakan ba. Ta bar matsayinta a kotu a 1803 tare da taken al'ada na Excellency, kuma Charlotte Stierneld ta gaje ta a matsayin mai kula da sarauta. === Bautar ta biyu === A watan Maris na shekara ta 1811, Yarima mai sarauta da kuma mai mulki Charles John sun kori Armfelt a gudun hijira bisa zargin makirci da aka yi wa Yarima mai mulki. Hedvig Ulrika De la Gardie ta tattauna da Yarima ta hanyar Sarauniya don Armfelt, amma ba tare da nasara ba. A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1811, an kori Armfelt daga Sweden kuma ya yi hijira zuwa Rasha. Saboda ta nuna fushinta game da hukuncin, Yarima ya haɗa ta cikin gudun hijira kuma ya hana ta fansho a matsayin mai kula da kotu, wanda duk da haka Sarauniya ta yi jayayya. Ta haɗu da mijinta a cikin 1812. Kafin tafiyarta, Yarima na Sarauta ya ba ta mamaki a ziyarar da ya ziyarci Lars von Engeström kuma ya gaya mata cewa ya yi nadamar gudun hijira na Armfelt kuma an yi masa kuskure kuma bai ji komai ba sai girmamawa a gare shi. Hedvig Ulrika De la Gardie an ba ta hotunan sarakunan Rasha, an ba ta kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin uwargidan jira (Dame du palais et dame a portrait) ga Sarauniyar a cikin 1820-1822. Ta shafe shekarunta na ƙarshe a Sweden. Hedvig Ulrika De la Gardie an ba shi (Ƙaramin) Order of Saint Catherine a cikin 1814. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Tushe == * Hedvig Ulrika De la Gardie da Wilhelmina Stålberg, Anteckningar om svenska qvinnor (1864) * Cecilia af Klercker (1920). Hedvig Elisabeth Charlottas dagbok IV 1794-1794. P.A. Norstedt & Söners förlag Stockholm. sid. 194, 313 * Cecilia af Klercker (1927). Hedvig Elisabeth Charlottas dagbok VI 1797-1799. P.A. Norstedt & Söners förlag Stockholm. sid. 11, 33, 239 * Cecilia af Klercker (1936). Hedvig Elisabeth Charlottas dagbok VII 1800-1806. P.A. Norstedt & Söners förlag Stockholm. sid. 50–51, 260, 263 * Göran Alm och Rebecka Millhagen: Drottningholms slott. Bd 2, Från Gustav III har zuwa Carl XVI Gustaf / [utgiven] da kuma Med Kungl. Hovstaterna och Statens fastighetsverk (2010) * Cecilia af Klercker (1942). Hedvig Elisabeth Charlottas dagbok IX (1812-1817). Stockholm: Norstedt & Söners förlag == Ƙarin karantawa == * Hedvig Ulrika De la GardieaMutanen da ke cikin mutanen da ke cikin rayuwarsu {{S-start}} {{s-court}} {{Succession box|title=Royal Governess (Sweden)|before=[[Hedvig Sofia von Rosen]]|after=[[Charlotte Stierneld]]|years=1799-1802}} {{S-end}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] mppo36thxk8ydwzkpgx97qgm5jz9y1b 826305 826303 2026-04-25T18:03:43Z A'isha A Ibrahim 22074 826305 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Fayil:Hedvig_Ulrika_De_la_Gardie.jpg|thumb|Hedvig Ulrika De la Gardie, shekarun 1790]] [[Fayil:Hedvig_Ulrika_De_la_Gardie,_1761-1832,_gift_Armfelt_(Pehr_Hilleström_d.ä.)_-_Nationalmuseum_-_14954.tif|thumb|Hedvig Ulrika De la Gardie a kan mataki a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Gustav III, Pehr Hilleström, Nationalmuseum]] '''Hedvig Ulrika De la Gardie''' (29 Nuwamba 1761 a [[Stockholm]], Sweden - 7 Fabrairu 1832 a Stockholm), yar Sweden ce mai jiran. Ta auri Gustaf Mauritz Armfelt . Ita ce shugabar yarinyar sarauta ta Sweden a cikin 1799-1803. == Tarihin rayuwa == === Rayuwa ta farko === Hedvig Ulrika De la Gardie 'yar Count Carl Julius De la Gardia ce da Countess Magdalena Christina Stenbock . Mahaifiyarta ita ce Uwargidan tufafi ga Gimbiya Sophie Albertine ta Sweden, kuma ita kanta ta kasance uwargidan Sarauniya, Sophia Magdalena ta Denmark. Ta kasance mai shiga cikin ƙungiyar wasan kwaikwayo na Sarki Gustav III a kotun sarauta. Ta yi aure a ranar 7 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1785 a Fadar Drottningholm ga Gustaf Mauritz Armfelt wanda Sarki ya fi so. Sarki ne ya shirya auren. An ce Armfelt ya auri ta saboda matsayinta da matsayin sunanta: ya bi da ita da girmamawa amma bai taɓa ƙaunar ta ba kuma yana da dangantaka iri ɗaya da Magdalena Rudenschöld. Hedvig Ulrika, a gefe guda, yana ƙaunarsa sosai, kuma ya kasance mai aminci a gare shi. An bayyana ta a matsayin mai shiru, mai tsanani da abin dogaro. === Bautar farko === A shekara ta 1792, ta bi Armfelt zuwa [[Napoli|Naples]]. An ba ta wasu takardunsa kuma ta binne su a cikin lambun, amma bawan da ya binne su ya sayar da takardun kuma ya maye gurbin su da takarda mara kyau, wanda ya ba da gudummawa ga fallasa makircin Armfelt. An ba da umarnin kama mijinta, kuma saboda haka, an tsare ta sau da yawa, a Roma da Venice, yayin tafiyarta daga Italiya zuwa dangi a [[Riga]] a Livonia a cikin 1794. An ba ta izinin ci gaba da fansho a matsayin uwargidan jira kuma Duke Charles ya ba ta kuɗin tafiye-tafiye. An yanke wa mijinta hukuncin kisa ba tare da izini ba saboda cin amana, kuma an dakatar da ita daga Sweden da kuma amfani da sunansa. An kwace dukiyar mijinta a Sweden, amma kamar yadda aka saba, an ba shi ga 'ya'yansa. Kamar yadda aka yanke wa Armfelt hukuncin kisa, Hedvig Ulrika shine mai kula da 'ya'yansu maimakon shi, saboda haka an ba shi iko da dukiyarsa ta Sweden. Koyaya, ba ta iya sarrafa shi ba saboda gudun hijira, don haka ta kira Axel von Fersen the Younger a matsayin wakilin al'amuranta a Sweden. Ta ci gaba da tabbatar da rashin laifi na mijinta, aƙalla a hukumance. Ma'auratan sun zauna a ƙarƙashin kariya ta Catherine the Great a Kaluga . Hedvig Ulrika ta yi aiki a matsayin wakilin mijinta a lokuta da yawa. Ta ziyarci Paul I na Rasha don neman yanayi mafi kyau a shekara ta 1796, amma ta kasa. Lokacin da aka ayyana Gustav IV Adolf na Sweden a matsayin mafi rinjaye na doka a shekara ta 1797, ta ziyarci masarautar Sweden kuma ta sami izini don ta koma Sweden, don amfani da sunan mijinta don ba da damar Armfelt ta zauna a ko'ina sai dai Sweden da Rasha da kuma dakatar da duk tsanantawa da aka yi masa. Daga nan sai ta sami izini daga sarkin don barin Armfelt ya bar Rasha, kuma a cikin 1798, ta yi tafiya tare da shi zuwa [[Berlin]]. A lokacin ziyararta a Sweden, ta tuntubi mai duba Ulrica Arfvidsson game da makomar mijinta da ke gudun hijira, inda aka gaya mata cewa kwanakin baƙin ciki za su ƙare nan ba da daɗewa ba, kuma duk zai yi kyau ga mijinta.<ref>''[https://runeberg.org/ordochbild/1914/0363.html Ord och Bild]'', Tjugutredje årgången. 1914, Runeberg {{In lang|sv}}</ref> === Komawa Sweden === A shekara ta 1799, Hedvig ta koma Sweden, inda aka nada ta shugabar kotun yara na sarauta. Ta yarda da nadin ne a kan yanayin cewa an ba Armfelt damar komawa Sweden. An ba ta burinta, wanda aka cika a cikin 1800, bayan ta yi barazanar yin murabus idan ba a girmama yarjejeniyar ba. An sanar da Armfelt cewa an cire gudun hijira saboda la'akari da matarsa da mahaifiyarsa. Hedvig tana sha'awar amincinta ga Armfelt, yayin da ba a dauke shi ya cancanci hakan ba. Ta bar matsayinta a kotu a 1803 tare da taken al'ada na Excellency, kuma Charlotte Stierneld ta gaje ta a matsayin mai kula da sarauta. === Bautar ta biyu === A watan Maris na shekara ta 1811, Yarima mai sarauta da kuma mai mulki Charles John sun kori Armfelt a gudun hijira bisa zargin makirci da aka yi wa Yarima mai mulki. Hedvig Ulrika De la Gardie ta tattauna da Yarima ta hanyar Sarauniya don Armfelt, amma ba tare da nasara ba. A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1811, an kori Armfelt daga Sweden kuma ya yi hijira zuwa Rasha. Saboda ta nuna fushinta game da hukuncin, Yarima ya haɗa ta cikin gudun hijira kuma ya hana ta fansho a matsayin mai kula da kotu, wanda duk da haka Sarauniya ta yi jayayya. Ta haɗu da mijinta a cikin 1812. Kafin tafiyarta, Yarima na Sarauta ya ba ta mamaki a ziyarar da ya ziyarci Lars von Engeström kuma ya gaya mata cewa ya yi nadamar gudun hijira na Armfelt kuma an yi masa kuskure kuma bai ji komai ba sai girmamawa a gare shi. Hedvig Ulrika De la Gardie an ba ta hotunan sarakunan Rasha, an ba ta kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin uwargidan jira (Dame du palais et dame a portrait) ga Sarauniyar a cikin 1820-1822. Ta shafe shekarunta na ƙarshe a Sweden. Hedvig Ulrika De la Gardie an ba shi (Ƙaramin) Order of Saint Catherine a cikin 1814. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} == Tushe == * Hedvig Ulrika De la Gardie da Wilhelmina Stålberg, Anteckningar om svenska qvinnor (1864) * Cecilia af Klercker (1920). Hedvig Elisabeth Charlottas dagbok IV 1794-1794. P.A. Norstedt & Söners förlag Stockholm. sid. 194, 313 * Cecilia af Klercker (1927). Hedvig Elisabeth Charlottas dagbok VI 1797-1799. P.A. Norstedt & Söners förlag Stockholm. sid. 11, 33, 239 * Cecilia af Klercker (1936). Hedvig Elisabeth Charlottas dagbok VII 1800-1806. P.A. Norstedt & Söners förlag Stockholm. sid. 50–51, 260, 263 * Göran Alm och Rebecka Millhagen: Drottningholms slott. Bd 2, Från Gustav III har zuwa Carl XVI Gustaf / [utgiven] da kuma Med Kungl. Hovstaterna och Statens fastighetsverk (2010) * Cecilia af Klercker (1942). Hedvig Elisabeth Charlottas dagbok IX (1812-1817). Stockholm: Norstedt & Söners förlag == Ƙarin karantawa == * Hedvig Ulrika De la GardieaMutanen da ke cikin mutanen da ke cikin rayuwarsu {{S-start}} {{s-court}} {{Succession box|title=Royal Governess (Sweden)|before=[[Hedvig Sofia von Rosen]]|after=[[Charlotte Stierneld]]|years=1799-1802}} {{S-end}} [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] mm8fzata0snppmkjk1s2oaxl129dof2 0 148562 826304 2026-04-25T18:03:27Z Kamal JB 24987 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1350482525|Las Choapas]]" 826304 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Las An gano gawarwaki goma sha biyu waɗanda aka ɗaure hannayensu a kan hanya a Las Choapas a ranar 18 ga Janairu, 2021. Shaidar ta ce mutanen da aka kashe sun kasance daga dangin daga garin Aguas Frías. Akwai Grupos de Autodefensa Comunitaria (vigilantes) masu dauke da makamai a Las Choapas kuma akalla 00 Choapas''' birni ne da ke kewaye da shi a kudu maso gabashin jihar Veracruz ta Mexico . Yana da iyaka da kananan hukumomin Uxpanapa" title="Minatitlán, Veracruz">Minatitlan, Moloacán, da Agua Dulce a Veracruz, Huimanguillo a Tabasco, Cintalapa da Tecpatán a [[Chiapas]]" Chiapas, da Santa María Chimalapa a Oaxaca. Babban kayayyakin sa sune kiwon shanu, masara, mai, 'ya'yan itace, sukari, da roba. A baya tana da mai niƙa shinkafa. Yana daya daga cikin manyan kananan hukumomi a Veracruz, tare da yanki na 2,851.2 km2 (1,100.85 sq mi). A ƙidayar shekara ta 2005 birnin yana da mazauna 40,773, yayin da karamar hukuma ke da yawan mutane 70,092. Wuri ne mai zafi sosai, yayin da zafin jiki ya kai digiri 40 na Celsius. Ya sami wasu [[guguwa]] a baya. An haɗa shi da al'ummomin [[Raudales]]-Ocozocoautla a Chiapas ta hanyar gadar Chiapas.&nbsp; An gano gawarwaki goma sha biyu waɗanda aka ɗaure hannayensu a kan hanya a Las Choapas a ranar 18 ga Janairu, 2021. Shaidar ta ce mutanen da aka kashe sun kasance daga dangin daga garin Aguas Frías. Akwai Grupos de Autodefensa Comunitaria (vigilantes) masu dauke da makamai a Las Choapas kuma akalla kamfanonin miyagun ƙwayoyi guda shida suna aiki a jihar. == Sufuri == Tun daga 13 ga Satumba 2024, Las Choapas ya kasance wurin tsayawa a kan Line FA, layin Tren Interoceánico.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Chacón |first=Jorge |date=September 13, 2024 |title=¡Amoroso recibimiento en Tabasco!; AMLO y Claudia Sheinbaun inauguran Línea FA del Tren Interoceánico |url=https://diariodelistmo.com/nacional/tren-interoceanico-asi-recibieron-a-amlo-y-claudia-sheinbaum-para-la-inauguracion-de-la-linea-fa-/50573972 |access-date=September 13, 2024 |website=diariodelistmo.com |language=es-MX}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=López |first=Heder |date=September 6, 2024 |title=Tren Interoceánico: iniciará venta de boletos de la línea FA Coatzacoalcos-Palenque ¿cuándo? |url=https://diariodelistmo.com/coatzacoalcos/tren-interoceanico-iniciara-venta-de-boletos-de-la-linea-fa-coatzacoalcos-palenque-cuando/50570724 |access-date=September 8, 2024 |website=diariodelistmo.com |language=es-MX}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Chacón |first=Jorge |date=September 3, 2024 |title=Tren Interoceánico: esta es la longitud de la línea FA Coatzacoalcos-Palenque |url=https://diariodelistmo.com/coatzacoalcos/tren-interoceanico-esta-es-la-longitud-de-la-linea-fa-coatzacoalcos-palenque-/50569683 |access-date=September 5, 2024 |website=diariodelistmo.com |language=es-MX}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=López Cabrera |first=Heder |date=June 22, 2024 |title=Tren Interoceánico y Tren Maya se conectarán en esta fecha; listas las Líneas FA y K |url=https://diariodelistmo.com/coatzacoalcos/tren-interoceanico-y-tren-maya-se-conectaran-en-esta-fecha-listas-las-lineas-fa-y-k/50541020 |access-date=June 24, 2024 |website=Diario del Istmo |language=es-MX}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Tren Interoceánico: estas son las estaciones que atravesará la Línea FA Coatzacoalcos-Palenque |url=https://diariodelistmo.com/coatzacoalcos/tren-interoceanico-estas-son-las-estaciones-que-atravesara-la-linea-fa-coatzacoalcos-palenque/50573453 |access-date=16 September 2024 |website=Diario del Istmo |language=es-MX}}</ref>   == Bayanan da aka ambata == r47k3k1n2h6da9on0dnvh5pthwbgph7 826306 826304 2026-04-25T18:04:44Z Kamal JB 24987 826306 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Las Choapas''' birni ne da ke kewaye da shi a kudu maso gabashin jihar Veracruz ta Mexico . Yana da iyaka da kananan hukumomin Uxpanapa" title="Minatitlán, Veracruz">Minatitlan, Moloacán, da Agua Dulce a Veracruz, Huimanguillo a Tabasco, Cintalapa da Tecpatán a [[Chiapas]]" Chiapas, da Santa María Chimalapa a Oaxaca. Babban kayayyakin sa sune kiwon shanu, masara, mai, 'ya'yan itace, sukari, da roba. A baya tana da mai niƙa shinkafa. Yana daya daga cikin manyan kananan hukumomi a Veracruz, tare da yanki na 2,851.2 km2 (1,100.85 sq mi). A ƙidayar shekara ta 2005 birnin yana da mazauna 40,773, yayin da karamar hukuma ke da yawan mutane 70,092. Wuri ne mai zafi sosai, yayin da zafin jiki ya kai digiri 40 na Celsius. Ya sami wasu [[guguwa]] a baya. An haɗa shi da al'ummomin [[Raudales]]-Ocozocoautla a Chiapas ta hanyar gadar Chiapas.&nbsp; An gano gawarwaki goma sha biyu waɗanda aka ɗaure hannayensu a kan hanya a Las Choapas a ranar 18 ga Janairu, 2021. Shaidar ta ce mutanen da aka kashe sun kasance daga dangin daga garin Aguas Frías. Akwai Grupos de Autodefensa Comunitaria (vigilantes) masu dauke da makamai a Las Choapas kuma akalla kamfanonin miyagun ƙwayoyi guda shida suna aiki a jihar. == Sufuri == Tun daga 13 ga Satumba 2024, Las Choapas ya kasance wurin tsayawa a kan Line FA, layin Tren Interoceánico.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Chacón |first=Jorge |date=September 13, 2024 |title=¡Amoroso recibimiento en Tabasco!; AMLO y Claudia Sheinbaun inauguran Línea FA del Tren Interoceánico |url=https://diariodelistmo.com/nacional/tren-interoceanico-asi-recibieron-a-amlo-y-claudia-sheinbaum-para-la-inauguracion-de-la-linea-fa-/50573972 |access-date=September 13, 2024 |website=diariodelistmo.com |language=es-MX}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=López |first=Heder |date=September 6, 2024 |title=Tren Interoceánico: iniciará venta de boletos de la línea FA Coatzacoalcos-Palenque ¿cuándo? |url=https://diariodelistmo.com/coatzacoalcos/tren-interoceanico-iniciara-venta-de-boletos-de-la-linea-fa-coatzacoalcos-palenque-cuando/50570724 |access-date=September 8, 2024 |website=diariodelistmo.com |language=es-MX}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Chacón |first=Jorge |date=September 3, 2024 |title=Tren Interoceánico: esta es la longitud de la línea FA Coatzacoalcos-Palenque |url=https://diariodelistmo.com/coatzacoalcos/tren-interoceanico-esta-es-la-longitud-de-la-linea-fa-coatzacoalcos-palenque-/50569683 |access-date=September 5, 2024 |website=diariodelistmo.com |language=es-MX}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=López Cabrera |first=Heder |date=June 22, 2024 |title=Tren Interoceánico y Tren Maya se conectarán en esta fecha; listas las Líneas FA y K |url=https://diariodelistmo.com/coatzacoalcos/tren-interoceanico-y-tren-maya-se-conectaran-en-esta-fecha-listas-las-lineas-fa-y-k/50541020 |access-date=June 24, 2024 |website=Diario del Istmo |language=es-MX}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Tren Interoceánico: estas son las estaciones que atravesará la Línea FA Coatzacoalcos-Palenque |url=https://diariodelistmo.com/coatzacoalcos/tren-interoceanico-estas-son-las-estaciones-que-atravesara-la-linea-fa-coatzacoalcos-palenque/50573453 |access-date=16 September 2024 |website=Diario del Istmo |language=es-MX}}</ref>   == Bayanan da aka ambata == 0hmuy05icdy0fpemzjyku8fnr0qsk6e 826307 826306 2026-04-25T18:05:27Z Kamal JB 24987 826307 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Las Choapas''' birni ne da ke kewaye da shi a kudu maso gabashin jihar Veracruz ta Mexico . Yana da iyaka da kananan hukumomin Uxpanapa" title="Minatitlán, Veracruz">Minatitlan, Moloacán, da Agua Dulce a Veracruz, Huimanguillo a Tabasco, Cintalapa da Tecpatán a [[Chiapas]]" Chiapas, da Santa María Chimalapa a Oaxaca. Babban kayayyakin sa sune kiwon shanu, masara, mai, 'ya'yan itace, sukari, da roba. A baya tana da mai niƙa shinkafa. Yana daya daga cikin manyan kananan hukumomi a Veracruz, tare da yanki na 2,851.2 km2 (1,100.85 sq mi). A ƙidayar shekara ta 2005 birnin yana da mazauna 40,773, yayin da karamar hukuma ke da yawan mutane 70,092. Wuri ne mai zafi sosai, yayin da zafin jiki ya kai digiri 40 na Celsius. Ya sami wasu [[guguwa]] a baya. An haɗa shi da al'ummomin [[Raudales]]-Ocozocoautla a Chiapas ta hanyar gadar Chiapas.&nbsp; An gano gawarwaki goma sha biyu waɗanda aka ɗaure hannayensu a kan hanya a Las Choapas a ranar 18 ga Janairu, 2021. Shaidar ta ce mutanen da aka kashe sun kasance daga dangin daga garin Aguas Frías. Akwai Grupos de Autodefensa Comunitaria (vigilantes) masu dauke da makamai a Las Choapas kuma akalla kamfanonin miyagun ƙwayoyi guda shida suna aiki a jihar. == Sufuri == Tun daga 13 ga Satumba 2024, Las Choapas ya kasance wurin tsayawa a kan Line FA, layin Tren Interoceánico.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Chacón |first=Jorge |date=September 13, 2024 |title=¡Amoroso recibimiento en Tabasco!; AMLO y Claudia Sheinbaun inauguran Línea FA del Tren Interoceánico |url=https://diariodelistmo.com/nacional/tren-interoceanico-asi-recibieron-a-amlo-y-claudia-sheinbaum-para-la-inauguracion-de-la-linea-fa-/50573972 |access-date=September 13, 2024 |website=diariodelistmo.com |language=es-MX}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=López |first=Heder |date=September 6, 2024 |title=Tren Interoceánico: iniciará venta de boletos de la línea FA Coatzacoalcos-Palenque ¿cuándo? |url=https://diariodelistmo.com/coatzacoalcos/tren-interoceanico-iniciara-venta-de-boletos-de-la-linea-fa-coatzacoalcos-palenque-cuando/50570724 |access-date=September 8, 2024 |website=diariodelistmo.com |language=es-MX}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Chacón |first=Jorge |date=September 3, 2024 |title=Tren Interoceánico: esta es la longitud de la línea FA Coatzacoalcos-Palenque |url=https://diariodelistmo.com/coatzacoalcos/tren-interoceanico-esta-es-la-longitud-de-la-linea-fa-coatzacoalcos-palenque-/50569683 |access-date=September 5, 2024 |website=diariodelistmo.com |language=es-MX}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=López Cabrera |first=Heder |date=June 22, 2024 |title=Tren Interoceánico y Tren Maya se conectarán en esta fecha; listas las Líneas FA y K |url=https://diariodelistmo.com/coatzacoalcos/tren-interoceanico-y-tren-maya-se-conectaran-en-esta-fecha-listas-las-lineas-fa-y-k/50541020 |access-date=June 24, 2024 |website=Diario del Istmo |language=es-MX}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Tren Interoceánico: estas son las estaciones que atravesará la Línea FA Coatzacoalcos-Palenque |url=https://diariodelistmo.com/coatzacoalcos/tren-interoceanico-estas-son-las-estaciones-que-atravesara-la-linea-fa-coatzacoalcos-palenque/50573453 |access-date=16 September 2024 |website=Diario del Istmo |language=es-MX}}</ref>   == Bayanan da aka ambata == k02smwo7iflwjks70ygn00qjlmr6qmf 826308 826307 2026-04-25T18:05:51Z Kamal JB 24987 /* Bayanan da aka ambata */ 826308 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Las Choapas''' birni ne da ke kewaye da shi a kudu maso gabashin jihar Veracruz ta Mexico . Yana da iyaka da kananan hukumomin Uxpanapa" title="Minatitlán, Veracruz">Minatitlan, Moloacán, da Agua Dulce a Veracruz, Huimanguillo a Tabasco, Cintalapa da Tecpatán a [[Chiapas]]" Chiapas, da Santa María Chimalapa a Oaxaca. Babban kayayyakin sa sune kiwon shanu, masara, mai, 'ya'yan itace, sukari, da roba. A baya tana da mai niƙa shinkafa. Yana daya daga cikin manyan kananan hukumomi a Veracruz, tare da yanki na 2,851.2 km2 (1,100.85 sq mi). A ƙidayar shekara ta 2005 birnin yana da mazauna 40,773, yayin da karamar hukuma ke da yawan mutane 70,092. Wuri ne mai zafi sosai, yayin da zafin jiki ya kai digiri 40 na Celsius. Ya sami wasu [[guguwa]] a baya. An haɗa shi da al'ummomin [[Raudales]]-Ocozocoautla a Chiapas ta hanyar gadar Chiapas.&nbsp; An gano gawarwaki goma sha biyu waɗanda aka ɗaure hannayensu a kan hanya a Las Choapas a ranar 18 ga Janairu, 2021. Shaidar ta ce mutanen da aka kashe sun kasance daga dangin daga garin Aguas Frías. Akwai Grupos de Autodefensa Comunitaria (vigilantes) masu dauke da makamai a Las Choapas kuma akalla kamfanonin miyagun ƙwayoyi guda shida suna aiki a jihar. == Sufuri == Tun daga 13 ga Satumba 2024, Las Choapas ya kasance wurin tsayawa a kan Line FA, layin Tren Interoceánico.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Chacón |first=Jorge |date=September 13, 2024 |title=¡Amoroso recibimiento en Tabasco!; AMLO y Claudia Sheinbaun inauguran Línea FA del Tren Interoceánico |url=https://diariodelistmo.com/nacional/tren-interoceanico-asi-recibieron-a-amlo-y-claudia-sheinbaum-para-la-inauguracion-de-la-linea-fa-/50573972 |access-date=September 13, 2024 |website=diariodelistmo.com |language=es-MX}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=López |first=Heder |date=September 6, 2024 |title=Tren Interoceánico: iniciará venta de boletos de la línea FA Coatzacoalcos-Palenque ¿cuándo? |url=https://diariodelistmo.com/coatzacoalcos/tren-interoceanico-iniciara-venta-de-boletos-de-la-linea-fa-coatzacoalcos-palenque-cuando/50570724 |access-date=September 8, 2024 |website=diariodelistmo.com |language=es-MX}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Chacón |first=Jorge |date=September 3, 2024 |title=Tren Interoceánico: esta es la longitud de la línea FA Coatzacoalcos-Palenque |url=https://diariodelistmo.com/coatzacoalcos/tren-interoceanico-esta-es-la-longitud-de-la-linea-fa-coatzacoalcos-palenque-/50569683 |access-date=September 5, 2024 |website=diariodelistmo.com |language=es-MX}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=López Cabrera |first=Heder |date=June 22, 2024 |title=Tren Interoceánico y Tren Maya se conectarán en esta fecha; listas las Líneas FA y K |url=https://diariodelistmo.com/coatzacoalcos/tren-interoceanico-y-tren-maya-se-conectaran-en-esta-fecha-listas-las-lineas-fa-y-k/50541020 |access-date=June 24, 2024 |website=Diario del Istmo |language=es-MX}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Tren Interoceánico: estas son las estaciones que atravesará la Línea FA Coatzacoalcos-Palenque |url=https://diariodelistmo.com/coatzacoalcos/tren-interoceanico-estas-son-las-estaciones-que-atravesara-la-linea-fa-coatzacoalcos-palenque/50573453 |access-date=16 September 2024 |website=Diario del Istmo |language=es-MX}}</ref>   == manazarta== cj0xueppcig8ne789xlsfzvlxfant62 0 148563 826310 2026-04-25T18:14:24Z A'isha A Ibrahim 22074 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1312547761|Athanasius of Brest]]" 826310 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above n" style="font-size:125%;background-color:gold; color:inherit;" |<div class="honorific-prefix" style="display:inline;font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;">[[Saint|Mai Tsarki]]</div><br /><div class="fn" style="display:inline;">Athanasius na Brest</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Aphanasiy_of_Brest.jpg|357x357px]] |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:gold; color:inherit;" |Mai shahadar sarkin [[Abbot]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |An haife shi | class="infobox-data" |1597 |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ya mutu | class="infobox-data" |1648[[Brest, Belarus|Brest]]<br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ana girmama su a cikin&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |[[Eastern Orthodox Church|Cocin Orthodox na Gabas]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[Calendar of saints|Bikin]] | class="infobox-data" |[[September 5 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)|Satumba 5]] |} '''Muhammad ya ba da wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da wuri ba a yanzu haka dai wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu na zamani bisa al'adar da Athanasius na Brest''' (Russian, Belarusian) (ya mutu a ranar 5 ga Satumba, 1648) shi ne Mai tsarki kuma mai shahara na Cocin Orthodox na Rasha da Cocin Orthodox na Poland . [[Cocin katolika|Katolikawa]] ne suka kashe shi saboda adawa da Union of Brest . Cocin Orthodox na Gabas yana tunawa da Athanasius a ranar 5 ga Satumba. == Tarihin rayuwa == An haifi Athanasius Filipovich ga wani ɗan Lithuania mai daraja, a cikin shekara ta 1597, bisa ga al'adar Kirista ta Orthodox, a Brest, a lokacin wani ɓangare na Commonwealth na Poland-Lithuania. A matsayinsa na mutum mai ilimi sosai a cikin harsuna na zamani da na dā, rubuce-rubucen Ubannin Ikilisiya, da ayyukan masana falsafa da masu ilimin tauhidi na Yamma, Athanasius ya yi aiki na shekaru da yawa a matsayin mai koyarwa mai zaman kansa. A shekara ta 1627 ya shiga Masallacin Ruhu Mai Tsarki a Vilnius . Daga baya ya koma wasu gidajen ibada kuma An nada shi firist. A shekara ta 1637, ya koma Masallacin [[Kupyatitsk]] kusa da Minsk. An aika shi don karɓar gudummawa don maido da cocin. Tafiyar ta kasance tare da wahayi, alamun mu'ujiza, da haɗarin jiki. A shekara ta 1640, Athanasius ya zama hegumen na Masallacin St Simeon Stylites a Brest . Tun daga wannan lokacin, ya yi kira ga masu neman tuba na Romawa da Union of Brest . A shekara ta 1643, ya yi magana a gaban majalisar dokokin Poland don goyon bayan Orthodox da kuma adawa da Tarayyar. An ayyana shi mahaukaci, an kama shi, kuma an cire shi daga sunansa na monastic. Daga nan aka tura Athanasius ga Peter Mogila, Metropolitan na Kiev, wanda ya tura shi zuwa Brest. Wannan bai dakatar da zanga-zangar ba kuma an sake kama Athanasius a shekara ta 1644, amma an sake shi bayan shekara guda. Khmelnytsky Uprising tsakanin Ukrainian Cossacks ya fara ne a shekara ta 1648. An zargi Athanasius da alaƙa da 'yan tawaye. An kama shi, an azabtar da shi, kuma an kashe shi. An gano gawarsa a ranar 20 ga Yuli, 1649 - wani lokacin ana tunawa da ranar a matsayin madadin ranar biki. == Addu'a == Duk da yake ana yin bikin ranar biki a ranar 5 ga Satumba, an gano gawarwakinsa a ranar 20 ga Yuli, 1679. Ana tunawa da shahadarsa a kan tsohon da kuma gano kayan tarihi a kan na karshe. Kamar Josaphat Kuntsevych, Athanasius na Brest ba a girmama shi a cikin ƙungiyar masu tsananta masa ba. == Manazarta == == Haɗin waje == * This article is derived in whole or in part from Athanasius of Brest at OrthodoxWiki, which is dually licensed under CC-By-SA and GFDL. All relevant terms must be followed. 8t6uokhtkjvswnf7vci2ebtekdrgbqf 826311 826310 2026-04-25T18:15:05Z A'isha A Ibrahim 22074 826311 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above n" style="font-size:125%;background-color:gold; color:inherit;" |<div class="honorific-prefix" style="display:inline;font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;">[[Saint|Mai Tsarki]]</div><br /><div class="fn" style="display:inline;">Athanasius na Brest</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Aphanasiy_of_Brest.jpg|357x357px]] |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:gold; color:inherit;" |Mai shahadar sarkin [[Abbot]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |An haife shi | class="infobox-data" |1597 |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ya mutu | class="infobox-data" |1648[[Brest, Belarus|Brest]]<br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ana girmama su a cikin&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |[[Eastern Orthodox Church|Cocin Orthodox na Gabas]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[Calendar of saints|Bikin]] | class="infobox-data" |[[September 5 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)|Satumba 5]] |} '''Athanasius na Brest''' (Russian, Belarusian) (ya mutu a ranar 5 ga Satumba, 1648) shi ne Mai tsarki kuma mai shahara na Cocin Orthodox na Rasha da Cocin Orthodox na Poland . [[Cocin katolika|Katolikawa]] ne suka kashe shi saboda adawa da Union of Brest . Cocin Orthodox na Gabas yana tunawa da Athanasius a ranar 5 ga Satumba. == Tarihin rayuwa == An haifi Athanasius Filipovich ga wani ɗan Lithuania mai daraja, a cikin shekara ta 1597, bisa ga al'adar Kirista ta Orthodox, a Brest, a lokacin wani ɓangare na Commonwealth na Poland-Lithuania. A matsayinsa na mutum mai ilimi sosai a cikin harsuna na zamani da na dā, rubuce-rubucen Ubannin Ikilisiya, da ayyukan masana falsafa da masu ilimin tauhidi na Yamma, Athanasius ya yi aiki na shekaru da yawa a matsayin mai koyarwa mai zaman kansa. A shekara ta 1627 ya shiga Masallacin Ruhu Mai Tsarki a Vilnius . Daga baya ya koma wasu gidajen ibada kuma An nada shi firist. A shekara ta 1637, ya koma Masallacin [[Kupyatitsk]] kusa da Minsk. An aika shi don karɓar gudummawa don maido da cocin. Tafiyar ta kasance tare da wahayi, alamun mu'ujiza, da haɗarin jiki. A shekara ta 1640, Athanasius ya zama hegumen na Masallacin St Simeon Stylites a Brest . Tun daga wannan lokacin, ya yi kira ga masu neman tuba na Romawa da Union of Brest . A shekara ta 1643, ya yi magana a gaban majalisar dokokin Poland don goyon bayan Orthodox da kuma adawa da Tarayyar. An ayyana shi mahaukaci, an kama shi, kuma an cire shi daga sunansa na monastic. Daga nan aka tura Athanasius ga Peter Mogila, Metropolitan na Kiev, wanda ya tura shi zuwa Brest. Wannan bai dakatar da zanga-zangar ba kuma an sake kama Athanasius a shekara ta 1644, amma an sake shi bayan shekara guda. Khmelnytsky Uprising tsakanin Ukrainian Cossacks ya fara ne a shekara ta 1648. An zargi Athanasius da alaƙa da 'yan tawaye. An kama shi, an azabtar da shi, kuma an kashe shi. An gano gawarsa a ranar 20 ga Yuli, 1649 - wani lokacin ana tunawa da ranar a matsayin madadin ranar biki. == Addu'a == Duk da yake ana yin bikin ranar biki a ranar 5 ga Satumba, an gano gawarwakinsa a ranar 20 ga Yuli, 1679. Ana tunawa da shahadarsa a kan tsohon da kuma gano kayan tarihi a kan na karshe. Kamar Josaphat Kuntsevych, Athanasius na Brest ba a girmama shi a cikin ƙungiyar masu tsananta masa ba. == Manazarta == == Haɗin waje == * This article is derived in whole or in part from Athanasius of Brest at OrthodoxWiki, which is dually licensed under CC-By-SA and GFDL. All relevant terms must be followed. pqlp72gqkeboj1fye2b2eip6fa7iohh 826312 826311 2026-04-25T18:15:43Z A'isha A Ibrahim 22074 826312 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} {| class="infobox vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above n" style="font-size:125%;background-color:gold; color:inherit;" |<div class="honorific-prefix" style="display:inline;font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;">[[Saint|Mai Tsarki]]</div><br /><div class="fn" style="display:inline;">Athanasius na Brest</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Aphanasiy_of_Brest.jpg|357x357px]] |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:gold; color:inherit;" |Mai shahadar sarkin [[Abbot]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |An haife shi | class="infobox-data" |1597 |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ya mutu | class="infobox-data" |1648[[Brest, Belarus|Brest]]<br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ana girmama su a cikin&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |[[Eastern Orthodox Church|Cocin Orthodox na Gabas]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[Calendar of saints|Bikin]] | class="infobox-data" |[[September 5 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)|Satumba 5]] |} '''Athanasius na Brest''' (Russian, Belarusian) (ya mutu a ranar 5 ga Satumba, 1648) shi ne Mai tsarki kuma mai shahara na Cocin Orthodox na Rasha da Cocin Orthodox na Poland . [[Cocin katolika|Katolikawa]] ne suka kashe shi saboda adawa da Union of Brest . Cocin Orthodox na Gabas yana tunawa da Athanasius a ranar 5 ga Satumba. == Tarihin rayuwa == An haifi Athanasius Filipovich ga wani ɗan Lithuania mai daraja, a cikin shekara ta 1597, bisa ga al'adar Kirista ta Orthodox, a Brest, a lokacin wani ɓangare na Commonwealth na Poland-Lithuania. A matsayinsa na mutum mai ilimi sosai a cikin harsuna na zamani da na dā, rubuce-rubucen Ubannin Ikilisiya, da ayyukan masana falsafa da masu ilimin tauhidi na Yamma, Athanasius ya yi aiki na shekaru da yawa a matsayin mai koyarwa mai zaman kansa. A shekara ta 1627 ya shiga Masallacin Ruhu Mai Tsarki a Vilnius . Daga baya ya koma wasu gidajen ibada kuma An nada shi firist. A shekara ta 1637, ya koma Masallacin [[Kupyatitsk]] kusa da Minsk. An aika shi don karɓar gudummawa don maido da cocin. Tafiyar ta kasance tare da wahayi, alamun mu'ujiza, da haɗarin jiki. A shekara ta 1640, Athanasius ya zama hegumen na Masallacin St Simeon Stylites a Brest . Tun daga wannan lokacin, ya yi kira ga masu neman tuba na Romawa da Union of Brest . A shekara ta 1643, ya yi magana a gaban majalisar dokokin Poland don goyon bayan Orthodox da kuma adawa da Tarayyar. An ayyana shi mahaukaci, an kama shi, kuma an cire shi daga sunansa na monastic. Daga nan aka tura Athanasius ga Peter Mogila, Metropolitan na Kiev, wanda ya tura shi zuwa Brest. Wannan bai dakatar da zanga-zangar ba kuma an sake kama Athanasius a shekara ta 1644, amma an sake shi bayan shekara guda. Khmelnytsky Uprising tsakanin Ukrainian Cossacks ya fara ne a shekara ta 1648. An zargi Athanasius da alaƙa da 'yan tawaye. An kama shi, an azabtar da shi, kuma an kashe shi. An gano gawarsa a ranar 20 ga Yuli, 1649 - wani lokacin ana tunawa da ranar a matsayin madadin ranar biki. == Addu'a == Duk da yake ana yin bikin ranar biki a ranar 5 ga Satumba, an gano gawarwakinsa a ranar 20 ga Yuli, 1679. Ana tunawa da shahadarsa a kan tsohon da kuma gano kayan tarihi a kan na karshe. Kamar Josaphat Kuntsevych, Athanasius na Brest ba a girmama shi a cikin ƙungiyar masu tsananta masa ba. == Manazarta == == Haɗin waje == * This article is derived in whole or in part from Athanasius of Brest at OrthodoxWiki, which is dually licensed under CC-By-SA and GFDL. All relevant terms must be followed. gh7hx4rzaxnzhtzmaa7ekgtqw6yxi30 826313 826312 2026-04-25T18:18:02Z A'isha A Ibrahim 22074 /* Tarihin rayuwa */ 826313 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} {| class="infobox vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above n" style="font-size:125%;background-color:gold; color:inherit;" |<div class="honorific-prefix" style="display:inline;font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;">[[Saint|Mai Tsarki]]</div><br /><div class="fn" style="display:inline;">Athanasius na Brest</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Aphanasiy_of_Brest.jpg|357x357px]] |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:gold; color:inherit;" |Mai shahadar sarkin [[Abbot]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |An haife shi | class="infobox-data" |1597 |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ya mutu | class="infobox-data" |1648[[Brest, Belarus|Brest]]<br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ana girmama su a cikin&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |[[Eastern Orthodox Church|Cocin Orthodox na Gabas]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[Calendar of saints|Bikin]] | class="infobox-data" |[[September 5 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)|Satumba 5]] |} '''Athanasius na Brest''' (Russian, Belarusian) (ya mutu a ranar 5 ga Satumba, 1648) shi ne Mai tsarki kuma mai shahara na Cocin Orthodox na Rasha da Cocin Orthodox na Poland . [[Cocin katolika|Katolikawa]] ne suka kashe shi saboda adawa da Union of Brest . Cocin Orthodox na Gabas yana tunawa da Athanasius a ranar 5 ga Satumba. == Tarihin rayuwa == An haifi Athanasius Filipovich ga wani ɗan Lithuania mai daraja, a cikin shekara ta 1597, bisa ga al'adar Kirista ta Orthodox,<ref name="Orthodox Church in America"/> a Brest, a lokacin wani ɓangare na Commonwealth na Poland-Lithuania. A matsayinsa na mutum mai ilimi sosai a cikin harsuna na zamani da na dā, rubuce-rubucen Ubannin Ikilisiya, da ayyukan masana falsafa da masu ilimin tauhidi na Yamma, Athanasius ya yi aiki na shekaru da yawa a matsayin mai koyarwa mai zaman kansa. A shekara ta 1627 ya shiga Masallacin Ruhu Mai Tsarki a Vilnius . Daga baya ya koma wasu gidajen ibada kuma An nada shi firist. A shekara ta 1637, ya koma Masallacin [[Kupyatitsk]] kusa da Minsk. An aika shi don karɓar gudummawa don maido da cocin. Tafiyar ta kasance tare da wahayi, alamun mu'ujiza, da haɗarin jiki. A shekara ta 1640, Athanasius ya zama hegumen na Masallacin St Simeon Stylites a Brest . Tun daga wannan lokacin, ya yi kira ga masu neman tuba na Romawa da Union of Brest . A shekara ta 1643, ya yi magana a gaban majalisar dokokin Poland don goyon bayan Orthodox da kuma adawa da Tarayyar. An ayyana shi mahaukaci, an kama shi, kuma an cire shi daga sunansa na monastic. Daga nan aka tura Athanasius ga Peter Mogila, Metropolitan na Kiev, wanda ya tura shi zuwa Brest. Wannan bai dakatar da zanga-zangar ba kuma an sake kama Athanasius a shekara ta 1644, amma an sake shi bayan shekara guda. Khmelnytsky Uprising tsakanin Ukrainian Cossacks ya fara ne a shekara ta 1648. An zargi Athanasius da alaƙa da 'yan tawaye. An kama shi, an azabtar da shi, kuma an kashe shi. An gano gawarsa a ranar 20 ga Yuli, 1649 - wani lokacin ana tunawa da ranar a matsayin madadin ranar biki. == Addu'a == Duk da yake ana yin bikin ranar biki a ranar 5 ga Satumba, an gano gawarwakinsa a ranar 20 ga Yuli, 1679. Ana tunawa da shahadarsa a kan tsohon da kuma gano kayan tarihi a kan na karshe. Kamar Josaphat Kuntsevych, Athanasius na Brest ba a girmama shi a cikin ƙungiyar masu tsananta masa ba. == Manazarta == == Haɗin waje == * This article is derived in whole or in part from Athanasius of Brest at OrthodoxWiki, which is dually licensed under CC-By-SA and GFDL. All relevant terms must be followed. q6195cv42asd2z7mbrc913jcbiqy65p 826314 826313 2026-04-25T18:19:30Z A'isha A Ibrahim 22074 /* Manazarta */ 826314 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} {| class="infobox vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above n" style="font-size:125%;background-color:gold; color:inherit;" |<div class="honorific-prefix" style="display:inline;font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;">[[Saint|Mai Tsarki]]</div><br /><div class="fn" style="display:inline;">Athanasius na Brest</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Aphanasiy_of_Brest.jpg|357x357px]] |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:gold; color:inherit;" |Mai shahadar sarkin [[Abbot]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |An haife shi | class="infobox-data" |1597 |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ya mutu | class="infobox-data" |1648[[Brest, Belarus|Brest]]<br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ana girmama su a cikin&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |[[Eastern Orthodox Church|Cocin Orthodox na Gabas]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[Calendar of saints|Bikin]] | class="infobox-data" |[[September 5 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)|Satumba 5]] |} '''Athanasius na Brest''' (Russian, Belarusian) (ya mutu a ranar 5 ga Satumba, 1648) shi ne Mai tsarki kuma mai shahara na Cocin Orthodox na Rasha da Cocin Orthodox na Poland . [[Cocin katolika|Katolikawa]] ne suka kashe shi saboda adawa da Union of Brest . Cocin Orthodox na Gabas yana tunawa da Athanasius a ranar 5 ga Satumba. == Tarihin rayuwa == An haifi Athanasius Filipovich ga wani ɗan Lithuania mai daraja, a cikin shekara ta 1597, bisa ga al'adar Kirista ta Orthodox,<ref name="Orthodox Church in America"/> a Brest, a lokacin wani ɓangare na Commonwealth na Poland-Lithuania. A matsayinsa na mutum mai ilimi sosai a cikin harsuna na zamani da na dā, rubuce-rubucen Ubannin Ikilisiya, da ayyukan masana falsafa da masu ilimin tauhidi na Yamma, Athanasius ya yi aiki na shekaru da yawa a matsayin mai koyarwa mai zaman kansa. A shekara ta 1627 ya shiga Masallacin Ruhu Mai Tsarki a Vilnius . Daga baya ya koma wasu gidajen ibada kuma An nada shi firist. A shekara ta 1637, ya koma Masallacin [[Kupyatitsk]] kusa da Minsk. An aika shi don karɓar gudummawa don maido da cocin. Tafiyar ta kasance tare da wahayi, alamun mu'ujiza, da haɗarin jiki. A shekara ta 1640, Athanasius ya zama hegumen na Masallacin St Simeon Stylites a Brest . Tun daga wannan lokacin, ya yi kira ga masu neman tuba na Romawa da Union of Brest . A shekara ta 1643, ya yi magana a gaban majalisar dokokin Poland don goyon bayan Orthodox da kuma adawa da Tarayyar. An ayyana shi mahaukaci, an kama shi, kuma an cire shi daga sunansa na monastic. Daga nan aka tura Athanasius ga Peter Mogila, Metropolitan na Kiev, wanda ya tura shi zuwa Brest. Wannan bai dakatar da zanga-zangar ba kuma an sake kama Athanasius a shekara ta 1644, amma an sake shi bayan shekara guda. Khmelnytsky Uprising tsakanin Ukrainian Cossacks ya fara ne a shekara ta 1648. An zargi Athanasius da alaƙa da 'yan tawaye. An kama shi, an azabtar da shi, kuma an kashe shi. An gano gawarsa a ranar 20 ga Yuli, 1649 - wani lokacin ana tunawa da ranar a matsayin madadin ranar biki. == Addu'a == Duk da yake ana yin bikin ranar biki a ranar 5 ga Satumba, an gano gawarwakinsa a ranar 20 ga Yuli, 1679. Ana tunawa da shahadarsa a kan tsohon da kuma gano kayan tarihi a kan na karshe. Kamar Josaphat Kuntsevych, Athanasius na Brest ba a girmama shi a cikin ƙungiyar masu tsananta masa ba. == Manazarta == {{Reflist|refs= <ref name="Orthodox Church in America">{{cite web |url=https://www.oca.org/saints/lives/2024/09/05/102504-martyr-athanasius-abbot-of-bretsk |title=Martyr Athanasius, Abbot of Bretsk - Orthodox Church in America |author=<!--Not stated--> |date= |website=[[Orthodox Church in America]] |publisher= |access-date=2024-01-20}}</ref> <ref name=walsh>{{cite book| title=A New Dictionary of Saints: East and West |first=Michael |last=Walsh |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8mUJ58SMMhEC&pg=PA68 |pages=68–69 |publisher=Liturgical Press |year=2007 |isbn=978-0-8146-3186-7}}</ref> <ref name=brady>{{cite web| url=http://www.abbamoses.com/months/september.html |title= God is Wonderful in His Saints. Orthodox Saints commemorated in September |first=John |last=Brady |accessdate=2010-02-14| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20100328141033/http://www.abbamoses.com/months/september.html| archivedate= 28 March 2010 | url-status= live}}</ref> <ref name=bulgakov>{{cite book |first=S. V. |last=Bulgakov |title=Handbook for Church Servers |edition=2nd |location=Kharkov |year=1900 |pages=314–316 |translator=Eugene D. Tarris |url=http://www.transfigcathedral.org/faith/Bulgakov/0314.pdf |access-date=2010-02-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060713220302/http://www.transfigcathedral.org/faith/Bulgakov/0314.pdf |archive-date=2006-07-13 |url-status=dead }}</ref> }} == Haɗin waje == * This article is derived in whole or in part from Athanasius of Brest at OrthodoxWiki, which is dually licensed under CC-By-SA and GFDL. All relevant terms must be followed. db26c5axljqmj88fuwa4snnwap0ei7e 826315 826314 2026-04-25T18:20:10Z A'isha A Ibrahim 22074 /* Manazarta */ 826315 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} {| class="infobox vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above n" style="font-size:125%;background-color:gold; color:inherit;" |<div class="honorific-prefix" style="display:inline;font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;">[[Saint|Mai Tsarki]]</div><br /><div class="fn" style="display:inline;">Athanasius na Brest</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Aphanasiy_of_Brest.jpg|357x357px]] |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:gold; color:inherit;" |Mai shahadar sarkin [[Abbot]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |An haife shi | class="infobox-data" |1597 |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ya mutu | class="infobox-data" |1648[[Brest, Belarus|Brest]]<br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ana girmama su a cikin&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |[[Eastern Orthodox Church|Cocin Orthodox na Gabas]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[Calendar of saints|Bikin]] | class="infobox-data" |[[September 5 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)|Satumba 5]] |} '''Athanasius na Brest''' (Russian, Belarusian) (ya mutu a ranar 5 ga Satumba, 1648) shi ne Mai tsarki kuma mai shahara na Cocin Orthodox na Rasha da Cocin Orthodox na Poland . [[Cocin katolika|Katolikawa]] ne suka kashe shi saboda adawa da Union of Brest . Cocin Orthodox na Gabas yana tunawa da Athanasius a ranar 5 ga Satumba. == Tarihin rayuwa == An haifi Athanasius Filipovich ga wani ɗan Lithuania mai daraja, a cikin shekara ta 1597, bisa ga al'adar Kirista ta Orthodox,<ref name="Orthodox Church in America"/> a Brest, a lokacin wani ɓangare na Commonwealth na Poland-Lithuania. A matsayinsa na mutum mai ilimi sosai a cikin harsuna na zamani da na dā, rubuce-rubucen Ubannin Ikilisiya, da ayyukan masana falsafa da masu ilimin tauhidi na Yamma, Athanasius ya yi aiki na shekaru da yawa a matsayin mai koyarwa mai zaman kansa. A shekara ta 1627 ya shiga Masallacin Ruhu Mai Tsarki a Vilnius . Daga baya ya koma wasu gidajen ibada kuma An nada shi firist. A shekara ta 1637, ya koma Masallacin [[Kupyatitsk]] kusa da Minsk. An aika shi don karɓar gudummawa don maido da cocin. Tafiyar ta kasance tare da wahayi, alamun mu'ujiza, da haɗarin jiki. A shekara ta 1640, Athanasius ya zama hegumen na Masallacin St Simeon Stylites a Brest . Tun daga wannan lokacin, ya yi kira ga masu neman tuba na Romawa da Union of Brest . A shekara ta 1643, ya yi magana a gaban majalisar dokokin Poland don goyon bayan Orthodox da kuma adawa da Tarayyar. An ayyana shi mahaukaci, an kama shi, kuma an cire shi daga sunansa na monastic. Daga nan aka tura Athanasius ga Peter Mogila, Metropolitan na Kiev, wanda ya tura shi zuwa Brest. Wannan bai dakatar da zanga-zangar ba kuma an sake kama Athanasius a shekara ta 1644, amma an sake shi bayan shekara guda. Khmelnytsky Uprising tsakanin Ukrainian Cossacks ya fara ne a shekara ta 1648. An zargi Athanasius da alaƙa da 'yan tawaye. An kama shi, an azabtar da shi, kuma an kashe shi. An gano gawarsa a ranar 20 ga Yuli, 1649 - wani lokacin ana tunawa da ranar a matsayin madadin ranar biki. == Addu'a == Duk da yake ana yin bikin ranar biki a ranar 5 ga Satumba, an gano gawarwakinsa a ranar 20 ga Yuli, 1679. Ana tunawa da shahadarsa a kan tsohon da kuma gano kayan tarihi a kan na karshe. Kamar Josaphat Kuntsevych, Athanasius na Brest ba a girmama shi a cikin ƙungiyar masu tsananta masa ba. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} <ref name="Orthodox Church in America">{{cite web |url=https://www.oca.org/saints/lives/2024/09/05/102504-martyr-athanasius-abbot-of-bretsk |title=Martyr Athanasius, Abbot of Bretsk - Orthodox Church in America |author=<!--Not stated--> |date= |website=[[Orthodox Church in America]] |publisher= |access-date=2024-01-20}}</ref> <ref name=walsh>{{cite book| title=A New Dictionary of Saints: East and West |first=Michael |last=Walsh |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8mUJ58SMMhEC&pg=PA68 |pages=68–69 |publisher=Liturgical Press |year=2007 |isbn=978-0-8146-3186-7}}</ref> <ref name=brady>{{cite web| url=http://www.abbamoses.com/months/september.html |title= God is Wonderful in His Saints. Orthodox Saints commemorated in September |first=John |last=Brady |accessdate=2010-02-14| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20100328141033/http://www.abbamoses.com/months/september.html| archivedate= 28 March 2010 | url-status= live}}</ref> <ref name=bulgakov>{{cite book |first=S. V. |last=Bulgakov |title=Handbook for Church Servers |edition=2nd |location=Kharkov |year=1900 |pages=314–316 |translator=Eugene D. Tarris |url=http://www.transfigcathedral.org/faith/Bulgakov/0314.pdf |access-date=2010-02-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060713220302/http://www.transfigcathedral.org/faith/Bulgakov/0314.pdf |archive-date=2006-07-13 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Haɗin waje == * This article is derived in whole or in part from Athanasius of Brest at OrthodoxWiki, which is dually licensed under CC-By-SA and GFDL. All relevant terms must be followed. l4eezf5svs9geaj3xlb3y5wgeo8whel 826316 826315 2026-04-25T18:21:02Z A'isha A Ibrahim 22074 /* Tarihin rayuwa */ 826316 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} {| class="infobox vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above n" style="font-size:125%;background-color:gold; color:inherit;" |<div class="honorific-prefix" style="display:inline;font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;">[[Saint|Mai Tsarki]]</div><br /><div class="fn" style="display:inline;">Athanasius na Brest</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Aphanasiy_of_Brest.jpg|357x357px]] |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:gold; color:inherit;" |Mai shahadar sarkin [[Abbot]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |An haife shi | class="infobox-data" |1597 |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ya mutu | class="infobox-data" |1648[[Brest, Belarus|Brest]]<br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ana girmama su a cikin&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |[[Eastern Orthodox Church|Cocin Orthodox na Gabas]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |[[Calendar of saints|Bikin]] | class="infobox-data" |[[September 5 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)|Satumba 5]] |} '''Athanasius na Brest''' (Russian, Belarusian) (ya mutu a ranar 5 ga Satumba, 1648) shi ne Mai tsarki kuma mai shahara na Cocin Orthodox na Rasha da Cocin Orthodox na Poland . [[Cocin katolika|Katolikawa]] ne suka kashe shi saboda adawa da Union of Brest . Cocin Orthodox na Gabas yana tunawa da Athanasius a ranar 5 ga Satumba. == Tarihin rayuwa == An haifi Athanasius Filipovich ga wani ɗan Lithuania mai daraja, a cikin shekara ta 1597, bisa ga al'adar Kirista ta Orthodox, a Brest, a lokacin wani ɓangare na Commonwealth na Poland-Lithuania. A matsayinsa na mutum mai ilimi sosai a cikin harsuna na zamani da na dā, rubuce-rubucen Ubannin Ikilisiya, da ayyukan masana falsafa da masu ilimin tauhidi na Yamma, Athanasius ya yi aiki na shekaru da yawa a matsayin mai koyarwa mai zaman kansa. A shekara ta 1627 ya shiga Masallacin Ruhu Mai Tsarki a Vilnius . Daga baya ya koma wasu gidajen ibada kuma An nada shi firist. A shekara ta 1637, ya koma Masallacin [[Kupyatitsk]] kusa da Minsk. An aika shi don karɓar gudummawa don maido da cocin. Tafiyar ta kasance tare da wahayi, alamun mu'ujiza, da haɗarin jiki. A shekara ta 1640, Athanasius ya zama hegumen na Masallacin St Simeon Stylites a Brest . Tun daga wannan lokacin, ya yi kira ga masu neman tuba na Romawa da Union of Brest . A shekara ta 1643, ya yi magana a gaban majalisar dokokin Poland don goyon bayan Orthodox da kuma adawa da Tarayyar. An ayyana shi mahaukaci, an kama shi, kuma an cire shi daga sunansa na monastic. Daga nan aka tura Athanasius ga Peter Mogila, Metropolitan na Kiev, wanda ya tura shi zuwa Brest. Wannan bai dakatar da zanga-zangar ba kuma an sake kama Athanasius a shekara ta 1644, amma an sake shi bayan shekara guda. Khmelnytsky Uprising tsakanin Ukrainian Cossacks ya fara ne a shekara ta 1648. An zargi Athanasius da alaƙa da 'yan tawaye. An kama shi, an azabtar da shi, kuma an kashe shi. An gano gawarsa a ranar 20 ga Yuli, 1649 - wani lokacin ana tunawa da ranar a matsayin madadin ranar biki. == Addu'a == Duk da yake ana yin bikin ranar biki a ranar 5 ga Satumba, an gano gawarwakinsa a ranar 20 ga Yuli, 1679. Ana tunawa da shahadarsa a kan tsohon da kuma gano kayan tarihi a kan na karshe. Kamar Josaphat Kuntsevych, Athanasius na Brest ba a girmama shi a cikin ƙungiyar masu tsananta masa ba. == Manazarta == {{Reflist}} <ref name="Orthodox Church in America">{{cite web |url=https://www.oca.org/saints/lives/2024/09/05/102504-martyr-athanasius-abbot-of-bretsk |title=Martyr Athanasius, Abbot of Bretsk - Orthodox Church in America |author=<!--Not stated--> |date= |website=[[Orthodox Church in America]] |publisher= |access-date=2024-01-20}}</ref> <ref name=walsh>{{cite book| title=A New Dictionary of Saints: East and West |first=Michael |last=Walsh |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8mUJ58SMMhEC&pg=PA68 |pages=68–69 |publisher=Liturgical Press |year=2007 |isbn=978-0-8146-3186-7}}</ref> <ref name=brady>{{cite web| url=http://www.abbamoses.com/months/september.html |title= God is Wonderful in His Saints. Orthodox Saints commemorated in September |first=John |last=Brady |accessdate=2010-02-14| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20100328141033/http://www.abbamoses.com/months/september.html| archivedate= 28 March 2010 | url-status= live}}</ref> <ref name=bulgakov>{{cite book |first=S. V. |last=Bulgakov |title=Handbook for Church Servers |edition=2nd |location=Kharkov |year=1900 |pages=314–316 |translator=Eugene D. Tarris |url=http://www.transfigcathedral.org/faith/Bulgakov/0314.pdf |access-date=2010-02-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060713220302/http://www.transfigcathedral.org/faith/Bulgakov/0314.pdf |archive-date=2006-07-13 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Haɗin waje == * This article is derived in whole or in part from Athanasius of Brest at OrthodoxWiki, which is dually licensed under CC-By-SA and GFDL. All relevant terms must be followed. 90ymnftqxu4oik6lkg6sot8mwqnas2b 0 148564 826318 2026-04-25T18:29:33Z A'isha A Ibrahim 22074 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1348205932|Munira Yamin Satti]]" 826318 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Muhammad ya ba da wannan lokaci ne ya sanya mu Munira Yamin Satti''' (ya mutu 7 ga watan Janairun 2021) 'yar siyasar Pakistan ce wacce ta kasance memba na Majalisar lardin Punjab daga 15 ga watan Agusta 2018 zuwa 7 ga watan Yunin 2021. == Ayyukan siyasa == An zabe ta a Majalisar lardin Punjab a matsayin dan takarar Pakistan Muslim League (N) (PML-N) a kan kujerar da aka tanada ga mata a Babban zaben Pakistan na 2018. == Mutuwa == Ta mutu a ranar 7 ga Janairun 2021, saboda [[Koronavirus 2019|COVID-19]], a lokacin annobar COVID-19 a Pakistan. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 October 2011 |title=PML-N MPA Munira Yamin Satti passes away {{!}} SAMAA |url=https://www.samaa.tv/news/2021/01/pml-n-mpa-munira-yamin-satti-passes-away/ |access-date=2021-01-07 |website=Samaa TV |language=en-US}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}} [[Rukuni:Matattun 2021]] q1bftkqs07l90j08l990oxjack0l0me 826320 826318 2026-04-25T18:30:04Z A'isha A Ibrahim 22074 826320 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Munira Yamin Satti''' (ya mutu 7 ga watan Janairun 2021) 'yar siyasar Pakistan ce wacce ta kasance memba na Majalisar lardin Punjab daga 15 ga watan Agusta 2018 zuwa 7 ga watan Yunin 2021. == Ayyukan siyasa == An zabe ta a Majalisar lardin Punjab a matsayin dan takarar Pakistan Muslim League (N) (PML-N) a kan kujerar da aka tanada ga mata a Babban zaben Pakistan na 2018. == Mutuwa == Ta mutu a ranar 7 ga Janairun 2021, saboda [[Koronavirus 2019|COVID-19]], a lokacin annobar COVID-19 a Pakistan. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 October 2011 |title=PML-N MPA Munira Yamin Satti passes away {{!}} SAMAA |url=https://www.samaa.tv/news/2021/01/pml-n-mpa-munira-yamin-satti-passes-away/ |access-date=2021-01-07 |website=Samaa TV |language=en-US}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}} [[Rukuni:Matattun 2021]] 33rg6lvnncjwobe0xegolsnsrgwuk0f 826321 826320 2026-04-25T18:31:26Z A'isha A Ibrahim 22074 /* Ayyukan siyasa */ 826321 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Munira Yamin Satti''' (ya mutu 7 ga watan Janairun 2021) 'yar siyasar Pakistan ce wacce ta kasance memba na Majalisar lardin Punjab daga 15 ga watan Agusta 2018 zuwa 7 ga watan Yunin 2021. == Ayyukan siyasa == An zabe ta a Majalisar lardin Punjab a matsayin dan takarar Pakistan Muslim League (N) (PML-N) a kan kujerar da aka tanada ga mata a Babban zaben Pakistan na 2018.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Reporter |first1=The Newspaper's Staff |title=ECP notifies candidates for PA reserved seats |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1426620/ecp-notifies-candidates-for-pa-reserved-seats |accessdate=13 August 2018 |work=DAWN.COM |date=13 August 2018}}</ref> == Mutuwa == Ta mutu a ranar 7 ga Janairun 2021, saboda [[Koronavirus 2019|COVID-19]], a lokacin annobar COVID-19 a Pakistan. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 October 2011 |title=PML-N MPA Munira Yamin Satti passes away {{!}} SAMAA |url=https://www.samaa.tv/news/2021/01/pml-n-mpa-munira-yamin-satti-passes-away/ |access-date=2021-01-07 |website=Samaa TV |language=en-US}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}} [[Rukuni:Matattun 2021]] g6xl8vk4n4qwznvg4h3guj9bx8glg6r 826322 826321 2026-04-25T18:31:47Z A'isha A Ibrahim 22074 826322 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Munira Yamin Satti''' (ya mutu 7 ga watan Janairun 2021) 'yar siyasar Pakistan ce wacce ta kasance memba na Majalisar lardin Punjab daga 15 ga watan Agusta 2018 zuwa 7 ga watan Yunin 2021. == Ayyukan siyasa == An zabe ta a Majalisar lardin Punjab a matsayin dan takarar Pakistan Muslim League (N) (PML-N) a kan kujerar da aka tanada ga mata a Babban zaben Pakistan na 2018.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Reporter |first1=The Newspaper's Staff |title=ECP notifies candidates for PA reserved seats |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1426620/ecp-notifies-candidates-for-pa-reserved-seats |accessdate=13 August 2018 |work=DAWN.COM |date=13 August 2018}}</ref> == Mutuwa == Ta mutu a ranar 7 ga Janairun 2021, saboda [[Koronavirus 2019|COVID-19]], a lokacin annobar COVID-19 a Pakistan. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 October 2011 |title=PML-N MPA Munira Yamin Satti passes away {{!}} SAMAA |url=https://www.samaa.tv/news/2021/01/pml-n-mpa-munira-yamin-satti-passes-away/ |access-date=2021-01-07 |website=Samaa TV |language=en-US}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}} [[Rukuni:Matattun 2021]] 7whg6yvcxorq25mhsf7mdgpdbxqdi7j 826323 826322 2026-04-25T18:32:32Z A'isha A Ibrahim 22074 826323 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Munira Yamin Satti''' (ya mutu 7 ga watan Janairun 2021) 'yar siyasar Pakistan ce wacce ta kasance memba na Majalisar lardin Punjab daga 15 ga watan Agusta 2018 zuwa 7 ga watan Yunin 2021.<ref>{{cite news |title=PML-N MPA Munira Yamin Satti dies of Covid-19 |url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/2279082/pml-n-punjab-lawmaker-succumbs-to-coronavirus |work=The Express Tribune |date=7 January 2021 |language=en}}</ref> == Ayyukan siyasa == An zabe ta a Majalisar lardin Punjab a matsayin dan takarar Pakistan Muslim League (N) (PML-N) a kan kujerar da aka tanada ga mata a Babban zaben Pakistan na 2018.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Reporter |first1=The Newspaper's Staff |title=ECP notifies candidates for PA reserved seats |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1426620/ecp-notifies-candidates-for-pa-reserved-seats |accessdate=13 August 2018 |work=DAWN.COM |date=13 August 2018}}</ref> == Mutuwa == Ta mutu a ranar 7 ga Janairun 2021, saboda [[Koronavirus 2019|COVID-19]], a lokacin annobar COVID-19 a Pakistan. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 October 2011 |title=PML-N MPA Munira Yamin Satti passes away {{!}} SAMAA |url=https://www.samaa.tv/news/2021/01/pml-n-mpa-munira-yamin-satti-passes-away/ |access-date=2021-01-07 |website=Samaa TV |language=en-US}}</ref> == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}} [[Rukuni:Matattun 2021]] c4tu6eia7me3n313quxlmoodvvcn8el 0 148565 826325 2026-04-25T18:37:56Z A'isha A Ibrahim 22074 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1348290511|Rana Muhammad Arshad]]" 826325 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rana Muhammad Arshad''' ɗan siyasan Pakistan ne wanda ya kasance memba na Majalisar lardin Punjab, daga 2008 zuwa Mayu 2018 da 2024 zuwa yanzu. == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haife shi a ranar 13 ga watan Janairun 1970 a Sheikhupura [[Pakistan]] . <ref name="pap">{{Cite web |title=Punjab Assembly |url=http://www.pap.gov.pk/index.php/members/profile/en/20/1019 |access-date=15 January 2018 |website=www.pap.gov.pk}}</ref> Yana da digiri na farko na Arts wanda ya samu a 1990 daga Jami'ar Punjab . <ref name="pap">{{Cite web |title=Punjab Assembly |url=http://www.pap.gov.pk/index.php/members/profile/en/20/1019 |access-date=15 January 2018 |website=www.pap.gov.pk}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">[http://www.pap.gov.pk/index.php/members/profile/en/20/1019 "Punjab Assembly"]. ''www.pap.gov.pk''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite></ref> == Ayyukan siyasa == Ya yi takara don kujerar Majalisar lardin Punjab a matsayin dan takarar Pakistan Muslim League (N) (PML-N) daga mazabar PP-171 (Nankana Sahib-II) a Babban zaben Pakistan na 2002 amma bai yi nasara ba. Ya samu kuri'u 12,820 kuma ya rasa kujerar ga Rai Ijaz Ahmed Khan, dan takara mai zaman kansa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=2002 election result |url=https://www.ecp.gov.pk/ge/ge2002vol2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180126141507/https://www.ecp.gov.pk/ge/ge2002vol2.pdf |archive-date=26 January 2018 |access-date=24 March 2018 |publisher=ECP}}</ref> An zabe shi a Majalisar Lardin Punjab a matsayin dan takarar PML-N daga mazabar PP-171 (Nankana Sahib-II) a cikin kuri'un da aka gudanar a watan Yunin 2008. Ya samu kuri'u 22,715 kuma ya ci Sardar Iftikhar Ahmad Dogar, dan takarar Pakistan Muslim League (Q). <ref>{{Cite web |title=2008 election result |url=https://www.ecp.gov.pk/Documents/General%20Elections%202008/Report,%20General%20Election%202008,%20Vol-II.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180105060230/https://ecp.gov.pk/Documents/General%20Elections%202008/Report,%20General%20Election%202008,%20Vol-II.pdf |archive-date=5 January 2018 |access-date=24 March 2018 |publisher=ECP}}</ref> An sake zabarsa a Majalisar Lardin Punjab a matsayin dan takarar PML-N daga mazabar PP-171 (Nankana Sahib-II) a Babban zaben Pakistan na 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Notification - Results Punjab Assembly 2013 election |url=https://ecp.gov.pk/Documents/Downloads/General%20Election%202013/Detailed%20Gazzette/Notification%20-%20Punjab%20Assembly.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180120053951/https://ecp.gov.pk/Documents/Downloads/General%20Election%202013/Detailed%20Gazzette/Notification%20-%20Punjab%20Assembly.pdf |archive-date=20 January 2018 |access-date=20 January 2018 |publisher=ECP}}</ref> A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2013, an nada shi a matsayin Sakataren Majalisar na Bayanai da Al'adu. A shekara ta 2024, an zabe shi a matsayin memba na majalisar lardin Punjab a matsayin dan takarar PML-N daga mazabar PP-133 (Nankana Sahib-II) a babban zaben Pakistan na 2024 bayan ya karbi sanarwar daga hukumar zabe ta Pakistan a ranar 9 ga Afrilu. Ya lashe kujerar a kan Mian M. Atif, dan takarar PTI. [yanawa da ake buƙata] <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''<nowiki><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (July 2025)">clarification needed</span></nowiki>''&#x5D;</sup> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">Shi ne mukaddashin babban mai tsawatarwa na Majalisar Punjab kamar yadda sanarwar da aka fitar a baya ta nuna.</sup> == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}} [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1970]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] siaqmkk7uky6euqortxfebgt4mlb4un 826327 826325 2026-04-25T18:41:41Z A'isha A Ibrahim 22074 826327 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Rana Muhammad Arshad''' ɗan siyasan Pakistan ne wanda ya kasance memba na Majalisar lardin Punjab, daga 2008 zuwa Mayu 2018 da 2024 zuwa yanzu. == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haife shi a ranar 13 ga watan Janairun 1970 a Sheikhupura [[Pakistan]] . <ref name="pap">{{Cite web |title=Punjab Assembly |url=http://www.pap.gov.pk/index.php/members/profile/en/20/1019 |access-date=15 January 2018 |website=www.pap.gov.pk}}</ref> Yana da digiri na farko na Arts wanda ya samu a 1990 daga Jami'ar Punjab . <ref name="pap">{{Cite web |title=Punjab Assembly |url=http://www.pap.gov.pk/index.php/members/profile/en/20/1019 |access-date=15 January 2018 |website=www.pap.gov.pk}}</ref> == Ayyukan siyasa == Ya yi takara don kujerar Majalisar lardin Punjab a matsayin dan takarar Pakistan Muslim League (N) (PML-N) daga mazabar PP-171 (Nankana Sahib-II) a Babban zaben Pakistan na 2002 amma bai yi nasara ba. Ya samu kuri'u 12,820 kuma ya rasa kujerar ga Rai Ijaz Ahmed Khan, dan takara mai zaman kansa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=2002 election result |url=https://www.ecp.gov.pk/ge/ge2002vol2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180126141507/https://www.ecp.gov.pk/ge/ge2002vol2.pdf |archive-date=26 January 2018 |access-date=24 March 2018 |publisher=ECP}}</ref> An zabe shi a Majalisar Lardin Punjab a matsayin dan takarar PML-N daga mazabar PP-171 (Nankana Sahib-II) a cikin kuri'un da aka gudanar a watan Yunin 2008. Ya samu kuri'u 22,715 kuma ya ci Sardar Iftikhar Ahmad Dogar, dan takarar Pakistan Muslim League (Q). <ref>{{Cite web |title=2008 election result |url=https://www.ecp.gov.pk/Documents/General%20Elections%202008/Report,%20General%20Election%202008,%20Vol-II.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180105060230/https://ecp.gov.pk/Documents/General%20Elections%202008/Report,%20General%20Election%202008,%20Vol-II.pdf |archive-date=5 January 2018 |access-date=24 March 2018 |publisher=ECP}}</ref> An sake zabarsa a Majalisar Lardin Punjab a matsayin dan takarar PML-N daga mazabar PP-171 (Nankana Sahib-II) a Babban zaben Pakistan na 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Notification - Results Punjab Assembly 2013 election |url=https://ecp.gov.pk/Documents/Downloads/General%20Election%202013/Detailed%20Gazzette/Notification%20-%20Punjab%20Assembly.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180120053951/https://ecp.gov.pk/Documents/Downloads/General%20Election%202013/Detailed%20Gazzette/Notification%20-%20Punjab%20Assembly.pdf |archive-date=20 January 2018 |access-date=20 January 2018 |publisher=ECP}}</ref> A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2013, an nada shi a matsayin Sakataren Majalisar na Bayanai da Al'adu. A shekara ta 2024, an zabe shi a matsayin memba na majalisar lardin Punjab a matsayin dan takarar PML-N daga mazabar PP-133 (Nankana Sahib-II) a babban zaben Pakistan na 2024 bayan ya karbi sanarwar daga hukumar zabe ta Pakistan a ranar 9 ga Afrilu. Ya lashe kujerar a kan Mian M. Atif, dan takarar PTI. [yanawa da ake buƙata]  Shi ne mukaddashin babban mai tsawatarwa na Majalisar Punjab kamar yadda sanarwar da aka fitar a baya ta nuna. == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}} [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1970]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] dvql0xf3pfmvfd36jf4tmmdh6pp2aer 826328 826327 2026-04-25T18:43:55Z A'isha A Ibrahim 22074 826328 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Rana Muhammad Arshad''' ɗan siyasan Pakistan ne wanda ya kasance memba na Majalisar lardin Punjab, daga 2008 zuwa Mayu 2018 da 2024 zuwa yanzu. == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haife shi a ranar 13 ga watan Janairun 1970 a Sheikhupura [[Pakistan]] . <ref name="pap">{{Cite web |title=Punjab Assembly |url=http://www.pap.gov.pk/index.php/members/profile/en/20/1019 |access-date=15 January 2018 |website=www.pap.gov.pk}}</ref> Yana da digiri na farko na Arts wanda ya samu a 1990 daga Jami'ar Punjab . <ref name="pap">{{Cite web |title=Punjab Assembly |url=http://www.pap.gov.pk/index.php/members/profile/en/20/1019 |access-date=15 January 2018 |website=www.pap.gov.pk}}</ref> == Ayyukan siyasa == Ya yi takara don kujerar Majalisar lardin Punjab a matsayin dan takarar Pakistan Muslim League (N) (PML-N) daga mazabar PP-171 (Nankana Sahib-II) a Babban zaben Pakistan na 2002 amma bai yi nasara ba. Ya samu kuri'u 12,820 kuma ya rasa kujerar ga Rai Ijaz Ahmed Khan, dan takara mai zaman kansa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=2002 election result |url=https://www.ecp.gov.pk/ge/ge2002vol2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180126141507/https://www.ecp.gov.pk/ge/ge2002vol2.pdf |archive-date=26 January 2018 |access-date=24 March 2018 |publisher=ECP}}</ref> An zabe shi a Majalisar Lardin Punjab a matsayin dan takarar PML-N daga mazabar PP-171 (Nankana Sahib-II) a cikin kuri'un da aka gudanar a watan Yunin 2008. Ya samu kuri'u 22,715 kuma ya ci Sardar Iftikhar Ahmad Dogar, dan takarar Pakistan Muslim League (Q). <ref>{{Cite web |title=2008 election result |url=https://www.ecp.gov.pk/Documents/General%20Elections%202008/Report,%20General%20Election%202008,%20Vol-II.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180105060230/https://ecp.gov.pk/Documents/General%20Elections%202008/Report,%20General%20Election%202008,%20Vol-II.pdf |archive-date=5 January 2018 |access-date=24 March 2018 |publisher=ECP}}</ref> An sake zabarsa a Majalisar Lardin Punjab a matsayin dan takarar PML-N daga mazabar PP-171 (Nankana Sahib-II) a Babban zaben Pakistan na 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Notification - Results Punjab Assembly 2013 election |url=https://ecp.gov.pk/Documents/Downloads/General%20Election%202013/Detailed%20Gazzette/Notification%20-%20Punjab%20Assembly.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180120053951/https://ecp.gov.pk/Documents/Downloads/General%20Election%202013/Detailed%20Gazzette/Notification%20-%20Punjab%20Assembly.pdf |archive-date=20 January 2018 |access-date=20 January 2018 |publisher=ECP}}</ref> A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2013, an nada shi a matsayin Sakataren Majalisar na Bayanai da Al'adu. A shekara ta 2024, an zabe shi a matsayin memba na majalisar lardin Punjab a matsayin dan takarar PML-N daga mazabar PP-133 (Nankana Sahib-II) a babban zaben Pakistan na 2024 bayan ya karbi sanarwar daga hukumar zabe ta Pakistan a ranar 9 ga Afrilu. Ya lashe kujerar a kan Mian M. Atif, dan takarar PTI. [yanawa da ake buƙata]  Shi ne mukaddashin babban mai tsawatarwa na Majalisar Punjab kamar yadda sanarwar da aka fitar a baya ta nuna. == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}} [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1970]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] rb3hvs06dpwla86ohjkfehujjpzog1n 826329 826328 2026-04-25T18:47:09Z A'isha A Ibrahim 22074 /* Ayyukan siyasa */ 826329 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Rana Muhammad Arshad''' ɗan siyasan Pakistan ne wanda ya kasance memba na Majalisar lardin Punjab, daga 2008 zuwa Mayu 2018 da 2024 zuwa yanzu. == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haife shi a ranar 13 ga watan Janairun 1970 a Sheikhupura [[Pakistan]] . <ref name="pap">{{Cite web |title=Punjab Assembly |url=http://www.pap.gov.pk/index.php/members/profile/en/20/1019 |access-date=15 January 2018 |website=www.pap.gov.pk}}</ref> Yana da digiri na farko na Arts wanda ya samu a 1990 daga Jami'ar Punjab . <ref name="pap">{{Cite web |title=Punjab Assembly |url=http://www.pap.gov.pk/index.php/members/profile/en/20/1019 |access-date=15 January 2018 |website=www.pap.gov.pk}}</ref> == Ayyukan siyasa == Ya yi takara don kujerar Majalisar lardin Punjab a matsayin dan takarar Pakistan Muslim League (N) (PML-N) daga mazabar PP-171 (Nankana Sahib-II) a Babban zaben Pakistan na 2002 amma bai yi nasara ba. Ya samu kuri'u 12,820 kuma ya rasa kujerar ga Rai Ijaz Ahmed Khan, dan takara mai zaman kansa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=2002 election result |url=https://www.ecp.gov.pk/ge/ge2002vol2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180126141507/https://www.ecp.gov.pk/ge/ge2002vol2.pdf |archive-date=26 January 2018 |access-date=24 March 2018 |publisher=ECP}}</ref> An zabe shi a Majalisar Lardin Punjab a matsayin dan takarar PML-N daga mazabar PP-171 (Nankana Sahib-II) a cikin kuri'un da aka gudanar a watan Yunin 2008. Ya samu kuri'u 22,715 kuma ya ci Sardar Iftikhar Ahmad Dogar, dan takarar Pakistan Muslim League (Q). <ref>{{Cite web |title=2008 election result |url=https://www.ecp.gov.pk/Documents/General%20Elections%202008/Report,%20General%20Election%202008,%20Vol-II.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180105060230/https://ecp.gov.pk/Documents/General%20Elections%202008/Report,%20General%20Election%202008,%20Vol-II.pdf |archive-date=5 January 2018 |access-date=24 March 2018 |publisher=ECP}}</ref> An sake zabarsa a Majalisar Lardin Punjab a matsayin dan takarar PML-N daga mazabar PP-171 (Nankana Sahib-II) a Babban zaben Pakistan na 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Notification - Results Punjab Assembly 2013 election |url=https://ecp.gov.pk/Documents/Downloads/General%20Election%202013/Detailed%20Gazzette/Notification%20-%20Punjab%20Assembly.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180120053951/https://ecp.gov.pk/Documents/Downloads/General%20Election%202013/Detailed%20Gazzette/Notification%20-%20Punjab%20Assembly.pdf |archive-date=20 January 2018 |access-date=20 January 2018 |publisher=ECP}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=List of winners of Punjab Assembly seats|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/archive/print/429935|accessdate=18 January 2018|work=The News|date=13 May 2013|language=en}}</ref> A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2013, an nada shi a matsayin Sakataren Majalisar na Bayanai da Al'adu. A shekara ta 2024, an zabe shi a matsayin memba na majalisar lardin Punjab a matsayin dan takarar PML-N daga mazabar PP-133 (Nankana Sahib-II) a babban zaben Pakistan na 2024 bayan ya karbi sanarwar daga hukumar zabe ta Pakistan a ranar 9 ga Afrilu. Ya lashe kujerar a kan Mian M. Atif, dan takarar PTI. [yanawa da ake buƙata]  Shi ne mukaddashin babban mai tsawatarwa na Majalisar Punjab kamar yadda sanarwar da aka fitar a baya ta nuna. == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}} [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1970]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] gjtvm184y0kysvyzpvjj74lep71gf7w 826330 826329 2026-04-25T18:48:19Z A'isha A Ibrahim 22074 /* Ayyukan siyasa */ 826330 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Rana Muhammad Arshad''' ɗan siyasan Pakistan ne wanda ya kasance memba na Majalisar lardin Punjab, daga 2008 zuwa Mayu 2018 da 2024 zuwa yanzu. == Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi == An haife shi a ranar 13 ga watan Janairun 1970 a Sheikhupura [[Pakistan]] . <ref name="pap">{{Cite web |title=Punjab Assembly |url=http://www.pap.gov.pk/index.php/members/profile/en/20/1019 |access-date=15 January 2018 |website=www.pap.gov.pk}}</ref> Yana da digiri na farko na Arts wanda ya samu a 1990 daga Jami'ar Punjab . <ref name="pap">{{Cite web |title=Punjab Assembly |url=http://www.pap.gov.pk/index.php/members/profile/en/20/1019 |access-date=15 January 2018 |website=www.pap.gov.pk}}</ref> == Ayyukan siyasa == Ya yi takara don kujerar Majalisar lardin Punjab a matsayin dan takarar Pakistan Muslim League (N) (PML-N) daga mazabar PP-171 (Nankana Sahib-II) a Babban zaben Pakistan na 2002 amma bai yi nasara ba. Ya samu kuri'u 12,820 kuma ya rasa kujerar ga Rai Ijaz Ahmed Khan, dan takara mai zaman kansa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=2002 election result |url=https://www.ecp.gov.pk/ge/ge2002vol2.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180126141507/https://www.ecp.gov.pk/ge/ge2002vol2.pdf |archive-date=26 January 2018 |access-date=24 March 2018 |publisher=ECP}}</ref> An zabe shi a Majalisar Lardin Punjab a matsayin dan takarar PML-N daga mazabar PP-171 (Nankana Sahib-II) a cikin kuri'un da aka gudanar a watan Yunin 2008. Ya samu kuri'u 22,715 kuma ya ci Sardar Iftikhar Ahmad Dogar, dan takarar Pakistan Muslim League (Q). <ref>{{Cite web |title=2008 election result |url=https://www.ecp.gov.pk/Documents/General%20Elections%202008/Report,%20General%20Election%202008,%20Vol-II.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180105060230/https://ecp.gov.pk/Documents/General%20Elections%202008/Report,%20General%20Election%202008,%20Vol-II.pdf |archive-date=5 January 2018 |access-date=24 March 2018 |publisher=ECP}}</ref> An sake zabarsa a Majalisar Lardin Punjab a matsayin dan takarar PML-N daga mazabar PP-171 (Nankana Sahib-II) a Babban zaben Pakistan na 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Notification - Results Punjab Assembly 2013 election |url=https://ecp.gov.pk/Documents/Downloads/General%20Election%202013/Detailed%20Gazzette/Notification%20-%20Punjab%20Assembly.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180120053951/https://ecp.gov.pk/Documents/Downloads/General%20Election%202013/Detailed%20Gazzette/Notification%20-%20Punjab%20Assembly.pdf |archive-date=20 January 2018 |access-date=20 January 2018 |publisher=ECP}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=List of winners of Punjab Assembly seats|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/archive/print/429935|accessdate=18 January 2018|work=The News|date=13 May 2013|language=en}}</ref> A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2013, an nada shi a matsayin Sakataren Majalisar na Bayanai da Al'adu.<ref>{{cite news |title=35 parliamentary secys appointed |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1072208 |accessdate=13 September 2018 |work=dawn.com |date=13 December 2013}}</ref> A shekara ta 2024, an zabe shi a matsayin memba na majalisar lardin Punjab a matsayin dan takarar PML-N daga mazabar PP-133 (Nankana Sahib-II) a babban zaben Pakistan na 2024 bayan ya karbi sanarwar daga hukumar zabe ta Pakistan a ranar 9 ga Afrilu. Ya lashe kujerar a kan Mian M. Atif, dan takarar PTI. [yanawa da ake buƙata]  Shi ne mukaddashin babban mai tsawatarwa na Majalisar Punjab kamar yadda sanarwar da aka fitar a baya ta nuna. == Manazarta == {{Reflist|30em}} [[Rukuni:Haifaffun 1970]] [[Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane]] [[Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba]] btl7jxs4obtqs30p80j6847r05ntgp9 0 148566 826333 2026-04-25T19:02:35Z Saad Nuhu 43323 Sabon shafi: [[Fayil:Josha vagnoman.jpg|thumb]] {{Infobox dan kwallon kafa | suna = Josha Vagnoman | hoto = Josha Vagnoman 2022.jpg | cikakken_suna = Josha Mamadou Karaboue Vagnoman | ranar_haihuwa = {{Haihuwa da shekaru|2000|12|11}} | wurin_haihuwa = Hamburg, Jamus | tsawo = 1.90 m | matsayi = Baya (Right-back) | kulob_na_yanzu = VfB Stuttgart | lamba = 4 }} '''Josha Mamadou Karaboue Vagnoman''' (an haife shi ranar 11 ga Disamba, 2000) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar J... 826333 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Josha vagnoman.jpg|thumb]] {{Infobox dan kwallon kafa | suna = Josha Vagnoman | hoto = Josha Vagnoman 2022.jpg | cikakken_suna = Josha Mamadou Karaboue Vagnoman | ranar_haihuwa = {{Haihuwa da shekaru|2000|12|11}} | wurin_haihuwa = Hamburg, Jamus | tsawo = 1.90 m | matsayi = Baya (Right-back) | kulob_na_yanzu = VfB Stuttgart | lamba = 4 }} '''Josha Mamadou Karaboue Vagnoman''' (an haife shi ranar 11 ga Disamba, 2000) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne ɗan ƙasar Jamus wanda ke taka leda a matsayin baya na dama (right-back) ga kulob din VfB Stuttgart a gasar Bundesliga.<ref name="bundesliga">{{cite web|title=Josha Vagnoman Profile|url=https://www.bundesliga.com|publisher=Bundesliga}}</ref> == Rayuwar Farko == An haifi Vagnoman a birnin Hamburg na ƙasar Jamus, kuma yana da asalin ƙasar Ivory Coast ta wajen mahaifinsa.<ref name="origin">{{cite web|title=Vagnoman Background|url=https://www.dfb.de|publisher=DFB}}</ref> Tun yana ƙarami ya fara sha’awar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa, inda ya shiga makarantar horas da matasa ta Hamburger SV, wanda ya taimaka masa wajen bunƙasa ƙwarewarsa.<ref name="youth">{{cite web|title=HSV Youth Academy|url=https://www.hsv.de|publisher=HSV}}</ref> == Aikin Kulob == === Hamburger SV === Vagnoman ya fara taka leda a matakin ƙwararru tare da Hamburger SV, inda ya fara bugawa a babban rukuni a shekarar 2018.<ref name="hsv">{{cite web|title=Vagnoman Debut|url=https://www.transfermarkt.com|publisher=Transfermarkt}}</ref> A lokacin yana ɗaya daga cikin matasa mafi ƙanƙanta da suka fara bugawa kulob ɗin a tarihin su.<ref name="young">{{cite web|title=Youngest HSV Players|url=https://www.kicker.de|publisher=Kicker}}</ref> === VfB Stuttgart === A shekarar 2022, Vagnoman ya koma VfB Stuttgart, inda ya ci gaba da nuna ƙwarewa a matsayin ɗan baya mai kai hari da kuma kare gida.<ref name="stuttgart">{{cite web|title=Transfer to Stuttgart|url=https://www.vfb.de|publisher=VfB Stuttgart}}</ref> Ya zama muhimmin ɗan wasa a cikin tawagar, musamman saboda ƙarfinsa da gudunsa a filin wasa.<ref name="performance">{{cite web|title=Player Performance|url=https://www.bundesliga.com|publisher=Bundesliga}}</ref> == Aikin Ƙasa == Vagnoman ya wakilci Jamus a matakan matasa daban-daban ciki har da U17, U20 da U21.<ref name="national">{{cite web|title=Germany Youth Teams|url=https://www.dfb.de|publisher=DFB}}</ref> Daga baya ya samu damar shiga babbar tawagar ƙasa, inda ake kallonsa a matsayin ɗan wasa mai tasowa.<ref name="senior">{{cite web|title=Senior Call Up|url=https://www.uefa.com|publisher=UEFA}}</ref> == Salon Wasa == An san Vagnoman da ƙarfinsa, tsayinsa da kuma saurin gudu.<ref name="style">{{cite web|title=Playing Style|url=https://www.scoutedftbl.com|publisher=Scouted}}</ref> Yana taka rawa wajen kai hari daga gefen dama, tare da taimakawa a tsaron gida, wanda ke sa ya zama cikakken ɗan baya na zamani.<ref name="modern">{{cite web|title=Modern Fullback Role|url=https://www.coachesvoice.com|publisher=Coaches Voice}}</ref> == Manazarta == <references/> qaqfkr9q7gtd5wac7i8emnncplf27s2 0 148567 826334 2026-04-25T19:40:58Z Saad Nuhu 43323 Sabon shafi: [[Fayil:Hertha BSC vs. West Ham United 20190731 (074).jpg|thumb]] {{Infobox football biography | name = Maximilian Mittelstädt | image = Maximilian Mittelstädt 2022.jpg | full_name = Maximilian Mittelstädt | place_of_birth = Berlin, Germany | position = Left-back | currentclub = VfB Stuttgart | clubnumber = 7 | youthyears1 = –2012 | youthclubs1 = Hertha Zehlendorf | youthyears2 = 2012–2015 | youthclubs2 = Hertha BSC | years1 = 2015–2023 | clubs1 = Hertha BSC | caps1 =... 826334 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:Hertha BSC vs. West Ham United 20190731 (074).jpg|thumb]] {{Infobox football biography | name = Maximilian Mittelstädt | image = Maximilian Mittelstädt 2022.jpg | full_name = Maximilian Mittelstädt | place_of_birth = Berlin, Germany | position = Left-back | currentclub = VfB Stuttgart | clubnumber = 7 | youthyears1 = –2012 | youthclubs1 = Hertha Zehlendorf | youthyears2 = 2012–2015 | youthclubs2 = Hertha BSC | years1 = 2015–2023 | clubs1 = Hertha BSC | caps1 = 140 | goals1 = 4 | years2 = 2023– | clubs2 = VfB Stuttgart | caps2 = 0 | goals2 = 0 | nationalyears1 = 2013–2014 | nationalteam1 = Germany U18 | nationalcaps1 = 2 | nationalgoals1 = 0 | nationalyears2 = 2015 | nationalteam2 = Germany U19 | nationalcaps2 = 3 | nationalgoals2 = 0 | nationalyears3 = 2016–2019 | nationalteam3 = Germany U21 | nationalcaps3 = 12 | nationalgoals3 = 1 | nationalyears4 = 2024– | nationalteam4 = Germany | nationalcaps4 = 2 | nationalgoals4 = 0 }} '''Maximilian Mittelstädt''' (an haife shi ranar 18 ga Maris 1997 a Berlin, Jamus) ƙwararren ɗan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ne na ƙasar Jamus wanda ke taka leda a matsayin mai tsaron baya na hagu (left-back) ga kulob ɗin VfB Stuttgart da kuma tawagar ƙasar Jamus. <ref>Player Profile – Maximilian Mittelstädt</ref> == Rayuwar Farko == An haifi Mittelstädt a birnin Berlin, inda ya fara sha’awar wasan ƙwallon ƙafa tun yana ƙarami. Ya fara horo a makarantar koyon ƙwallo ta Hertha Zehlendorf kafin daga bisani ya koma makarantar matasa ta Hertha BSC a shekarar 2012. <ref>Youth Career Records</ref> == Aikin Kulob == === Hertha BSC === Mittelstädt ya fara buga wasan ƙwararru tare da Hertha BSC a shekarar 2015. Ya samu damar taka leda a Bundesliga, inda ya nuna kwarewa musamman a bangaren tsaron hagu da kuma taimakawa kai hari. A tsawon lokacin da ya yi a kulob ɗin, ya buga wasanni sama da 100 kuma ya zura wasu ƙwallaye. <ref>Bundesliga Statistics</ref> === VfB Stuttgart === A shekarar 2023, ya koma VfB Stuttgart bayan ya bar Hertha BSC. Wannan canjin ya zo ne domin samun sabuwar dama da ci gaba a aikinsa. <ref>Transfer News 2023</ref> == Aikin Ƙasa == Mittelstädt ya wakilci Jamus a matakan matasa daban-daban, ciki har da U18, U19, da U21. A shekarar 2024, ya fara bugawa babbar tawagar ƙasar Jamus, wanda hakan ya nuna ci gabansa a matakin duniya. <ref>Germany National Team Records</ref> == Salon Wasan == Ana sanin Mittelstädt da gudu, iya kare kai, da kuma taimakawa kai hari daga gefen hagu. Yana da kyakkyawan iya sarrafa ƙwallo da kuma bayar da taimako (assists) ga ‘yan gaba. <ref>Player Analysis Report</ref> == Rayuwar Kai == Baya ga ƙwallon ƙafa, Mittelstädt yana rayuwa cikin nutsuwa kuma yana mai da hankali sosai kan ci gaban aikinsa. Ba ya yawan bayyana rayuwarsa ta sirri a kafafen yaɗa labarai. <ref>Personal Life Overview</ref> == Manazarta == <references/> igfhhzksdkr4hqzdxbznhaev0wh7dzj 0 148568 826335 2026-04-25T19:55:44Z Saad Nuhu 43323 Sabon shafi: {{Infobox football club | clubname = Hertha BSC | fullname = Hertha, Berliner Sport-Club e. V. | nickname = Die Alte Dame (The Old Lady) | founded = 25 July 1892 | ground = Olympiastadion | capacity = 74,475 | chairman = Kay Bernstein | manager = Pal Dardai | league = 2. Bundesliga | season = 2023–24 | position = 2. Bundesliga, mid-table | website = https://www.herthabsc.com/ | pattern_la1 = _hertha2324h | pattern_b1 = _hertha2324h | pattern_ra1 = _hertha2324h | pattern_sh1 =... 826335 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football club | clubname = Hertha BSC | fullname = Hertha, Berliner Sport-Club e. V. | nickname = Die Alte Dame (The Old Lady) | founded = 25 July 1892 | ground = Olympiastadion | capacity = 74,475 | chairman = Kay Bernstein | manager = Pal Dardai | league = 2. Bundesliga | season = 2023–24 | position = 2. Bundesliga, mid-table | website = https://www.herthabsc.com/ | pattern_la1 = _hertha2324h | pattern_b1 = _hertha2324h | pattern_ra1 = _hertha2324h | pattern_sh1 = _hertha2324h | pattern_so1 = _hertha2324h | leftarm1 = 0000FF | body1 = FFFFFF | rightarm1 = 0000FF | shorts1 = FFFFFF | socks1 = 0000FF }} '''Hertha BSC''' kungiya ce ta kwallon kafa da ke birnin Berlin a kasar Jamus. An kafa ta a shekarar 1892, kuma tana daga cikin tsofaffin kungiyoyin kwallon kafa a Jamus. Kungiyar tana taka leda a filin wasan Olympiastadion wanda yake daya daga cikin manyan filayen wasa a kasar. <ref>Hertha BSC Official Website</ref> Kungiyar Hertha BSC ta shahara sosai a tarihin kwallon kafa na Jamus, musamman a farkon karni na 20 inda ta kai wasan karshe na gasar Jamus sau da dama. Ta lashe gasar Bundesliga sau biyu a shekarun 1930 da 1931 kafin a kafa Bundesliga ta zamani. <ref>DFB Historical Records</ref> Hertha BSC na daga cikin kungiyoyin da suka kafa Bundesliga a shekarar 1963, amma daga baya aka cire ta daga gasar saboda wasu matsaloli na gudanarwa. Duk da haka, kungiyar ta dawo kuma ta ci gaba da taka rawa a manyan gasa na kasar Jamus. <ref>Bundesliga Archives</ref> A cikin shekarun baya-bayan nan, Hertha BSC tana fama da hauhawa da sauka tsakanin Bundesliga da 2. Bundesliga. Duk da kalubalen da take fuskanta, kungiyar tana da magoya baya masu yawa a Berlin da ma duniya baki daya. <ref>ESPN Football Reports</ref> Kungiyar tana da lakabi ''Die Alte Dame'' wanda ke nufin "Tsohuwar Uwargida", wanda ke nuna tsohon tarihin kungiyar da kuma mutuncinta a kwallon kafa. Wannan lakabi ya samo asali ne daga tsohuwar dabi’ar kungiyar da kuma tsohon tsarin tufafinta. <ref>German Football Culture Studies</ref> Hertha BSC tana taka rawar gani wajen bunkasa matasan 'yan wasa ta hanyar makarantar horaswa (academy), inda ta samar da fitattun 'yan wasa da dama da suka taka rawa a Jamus da Turai baki daya. <ref>UEFA Development Report</ref> == Tarihi == An kafa Hertha BSC ne a ranar 25 ga watan Yuli, 1892 a Berlin. Sunan "Hertha" ya samo asali ne daga sunan wani jirgin ruwa da daya daga cikin wadanda suka kafa kungiyar ya taba hawa. <ref>Club History Book</ref> == Filin wasa == Kungiyar tana amfani da Olympiastadion a matsayin filin wasanta na gida. Wannan fili yana da kujeru sama da 70,000 kuma yana daga cikin manyan filayen wasa a Turai. <ref>Olympiastadion Berlin Info</ref> == Magoya baya == Hertha BSC na da dimbin magoya baya a Berlin, kuma suna daga cikin kungiyoyin da ke da tarihi mai tsawo a birnin. Wasannin su na gida na jawo dubban masu kallo. <ref>Fan Culture ألمانيا</ref> == Nassoshi == <references/> 906qj7qgp3ms6ajypkdkxu9cfkks2xu 0 148569 826338 2026-04-25T20:37:15Z Saad Nuhu 43323 Sabon shafi: [[Fayil:20110720113539!Messi Copa America 2011 (Cropped).jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Matt Bauscher dribbling GasTerra Flames.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Khedira con Ronaldinho (5098200466).jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Cristiano Ronaldo 2, 2010.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:HOCKEY ARGENTINA PAKISTAN.jpg|thumb]] '''Dribbling''' wata muhimmiyar fasaha ce a wasanni da dama kamar ƙwallon ƙafa, ƙwallon kwando, da hockey, wadda ke nufin sarrafa ƙwallo yayin motsi domin kauce wa abokan hamayya.<ref name="merriam">... 826338 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fayil:20110720113539!Messi Copa America 2011 (Cropped).jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Matt Bauscher dribbling GasTerra Flames.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Khedira con Ronaldinho (5098200466).jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:Cristiano Ronaldo 2, 2010.jpg|thumb]] [[Fayil:HOCKEY ARGENTINA PAKISTAN.jpg|thumb]] '''Dribbling''' wata muhimmiyar fasaha ce a wasanni da dama kamar ƙwallon ƙafa, ƙwallon kwando, da hockey, wadda ke nufin sarrafa ƙwallo yayin motsi domin kauce wa abokan hamayya.<ref name="merriam">Merriam-Webster Dictionary. (2023). Definition of Dribbling.</ref> A ƙwallon ƙafa, dribbling na nufin motsa ƙwallo da ƙafa cikin sauri da dabara, yayin da a ƙwallon kwando kuma yana nufin bugun ƙwallo a ƙasa akai-akai yayin tafiya.<ref name="fifa">FIFA Training Centre. (2022). Ball Control and Dribbling Techniques.</ref> == Tarihi == An fara amfani da dribbling tun farkon ƙirƙirar wasannin zamani kamar ƙwallon ƙafa a ƙarni na 19, inda 'yan wasa suka fara amfani da shi wajen kauce wa masu tsaron gida.<ref name="history">Wilson, J. (2018). ''Inverting the Pyramid: The History of Football Tactics''. Orion Books.</ref> A ƙwallon kwando kuma, dribbling ya zama muhimmin ɓangare tun bayan kafa wasan a shekarar 1891.<ref name="nba">NBA Official Guide. (2021). Fundamentals of Basketball.</ref> == Nau'ikan Dribbling == Akwai nau'o'in dribbling daban-daban dangane da wasan: * '''Close dribbling''' – Sarrafa ƙwallo kusa da jiki domin guje wa kwacewa.<ref name="skills">Coaching Manual. (2020). Basic Football Skills.</ref> * '''Speed dribbling''' – Yin gudu da ƙwallo cikin sauri a fili mai faɗi.<ref name="skills" /> * '''Change of direction''' – Sauya alkibla cikin sauri domin ruɗar da abokin hamayya.<ref name="fifa" /> == Muhimmanci == Dribbling yana da matuƙar amfani domin yana ba ɗan wasa damar: * Tsallake abokan hamayya cikin sauƙi.<ref name="fifa" /> * Ƙirƙirar damar cin ƙwallo.<ref name="uefa">UEFA Coaching Guide. (2022). Attacking Play Techniques.</ref> * Riƙe mallakar ƙwallo a lokacin wasa.<ref name="merriam" /> == Dabaru da Horaswa == Domin inganta dribbling, ana buƙatar: * Horar da daidaiton jiki da saurin motsi.<ref name="training">Sports Training Journal. (2021). Improving Ball Control.</ref> * Yin atisaye na yau da kullum tare da ƙwallo.<ref name="training" /> * Kallon yadda ƙwararrun 'yan wasa ke amfani da dabaru.<ref name="uefa" /> == Dribbling a Wasanni Daban-daban == A ƙwallon ƙafa, ana amfani da ƙafa wajen sarrafa ƙwallo, yayin da a ƙwallon kwando ake amfani da hannu.<ref name="nba" /> A hockey kuma, ana amfani da sanda (stick) wajen tura ƙwallo ko puck yayin motsi.<ref name="hockey">International Hockey Federation. (2020). Basic Skills of Hockey.</ref> Duk da bambance-bambancen, manufar dribbling iri ɗaya ce: sarrafa ƙwallo yayin motsi.<ref name="fifa" /> == Kammalawa == Dribbling wata muhimmiyar fasaha ce da ke taimakawa 'yan wasa su zama ƙwararru a wasanninsu.<ref name="training" /> Inganta wannan fasaha na buƙatar lokaci, horo, da jajircewa.<ref name="uefa" /> == Manazarta == <references/> g5o9gwet1qdwpfht37y3c5ujkr8bmek 3 148570 826348 2026-04-25T21:25:07Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 826348 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Rymedon! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Rymedon|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 25 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) b8l5mev2zuk6eibsb5dfzwzeb2iopw5 3 148571 826349 2026-04-25T21:25:17Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 826349 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Ronith99! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Ronith99|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 25 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) kr4sz8um0muib2frq1kb9iae3x5pyma 3 148572 826350 2026-04-25T21:25:27Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 826350 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Animalchorus! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Animalchorus|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 25 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) cp38qjq7b0kuxkefxyawyp0ibv3iqol 3 148573 826351 2026-04-25T21:25:37Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 826351 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, DenusMArchuk773! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/DenusMArchuk773|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 25 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) ibk9dlbaf1q2rmul34kb2h8neq7al69 3 148574 826352 2026-04-25T21:25:47Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 826352 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, MohammedT10! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/MohammedT10|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 25 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) lv2h420ydr4pdzeoajhfmz6hvl7z6gy 3 148575 826353 2026-04-25T21:25:57Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 826353 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Darwesh Sayyed Ali! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Darwesh Sayyed Ali|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:25, 25 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) 95tlnc0t75xxh5soymeo2nmgqd0uxpb 3 148576 826354 2026-04-25T21:26:07Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 826354 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Mpia86! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Mpia86|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 25 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) 8os4cznfrq1ta6wnumcqctl1ehb4ct4 3 148577 826355 2026-04-25T21:26:17Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 826355 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Siryj Lys! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Siryj Lys|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 25 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) nprippkxoae8wcc20cv0rppwmwa7umt 3 148578 826356 2026-04-25T21:26:27Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 826356 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Dvills! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Dvills|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 25 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) 9bjtbp8mijq9vwkhymiqtyzmcaf0fkv 3 148579 826357 2026-04-25T21:26:37Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 826357 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Vaxtang.Yeganyan.2000! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Vaxtang.Yeganyan.2000|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 25 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) 7de88by55dv13c7vix98e9cl5x3df0l 3 148580 826358 2026-04-25T21:26:47Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 826358 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Susanna Gharibyan! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Susanna Gharibyan|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 25 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) ex33jg8lzl62296m6a6ruh9gx80bglr 3 148581 826359 2026-04-25T21:26:57Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 826359 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Pelph Hoters! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Pelph Hoters|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:26, 25 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) 0nv664ue9ykqxrkmnjpzlg6lznmb18l 3 148582 826360 2026-04-25T21:27:07Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 826360 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Benutzernameauahgelapsoi! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Benutzernameauahgelapsoi|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:27, 25 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) cvozkeqv883up1aeegpn3gzp8wr8wub 3 148583 826361 2026-04-25T21:27:17Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 826361 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Edwardplantaganetlongshanks! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Edwardplantaganetlongshanks|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:27, 25 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) opymsgcj8w9uiu383wf6lpt2agn6l8b 3 148584 826363 2026-04-25T21:27:27Z AmmarBot 13973 Barka da zuwa! 826363 wikitext text/x-wiki == Barka da zuwa! == Ni Robot ne ba mutum ba. [[File:Wikipedia_mini_globe_handheld.jpg|thumb|300px|Hausa Wikipedia na buƙatar gudummuwarku domin ta bunƙasa!]] Barka da zuwa Hausa Wikipedia, Dx120c! Mun ji daɗin [[Special:Contributions/Dx120c|gudummuwarku]]. Kuma muna fatan zaku tsaya ku ci gaba da bada gudummuwa. Anan ƙasa ga wasu shafuka da zasu taimaka wajen fahimtar Hausa Wikipedia da yadda ake gyara ta: * [[Wikipedia:Gabatarwa|Gabatarwa]] * [[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]] * [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet|Cheatsheet]] * [[Wikipedia:Yadda_ake_rubuta_muƙala|Yadda ake rubuta muƙala]] * [[Wikipedia:Manufofi biyar|Manufofin Hausa Wikipedia]] * [[Wikipedia:Shawarwari_goma_akan_gyaran_Wikipedia|Shawarwari goma akan gyaran Wikipedia]] Zaku iya yin [[Wikipedia:Tutorial/Shafukan_tattaunawa#Shafin_tattaunawa_na_edita|sayinin rubutunku]] idan kuna akan [[Wikipedia:Shafin tattaunawa|shafukan tattaunawa]] ta hanyar alamar tilde guda huɗu, kamar haka (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); yin hakan, zaisa sunanku da cikkaken kwanan wata. In kana buƙatar wani taimako, ku duba [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]]. Na gode. [[User:AmmarBot|AmmarBot]] ([[User talk:AmmarBot|talk]]) 21:27, 25 ga Afirilu, 2026 (UTC) qwts349qjlg483vseqaknej57xhydhb 0 148585 826633 2026-04-26T10:50:10Z Uncle Bash007 9891 An ƙirƙira ta hanyar fassara shafin "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1346680002|Porcelain War]]" 826633 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''''Porcelain War''''' (Yukren: «Порцелянова війна», rumanci: Portselianova viyna) fim ne na gaskiya na 2024 wanda Brendan Bellomo da Slava Leontyev suka bada umurni. Fim din ya lashe lamban yabo na Sundance Festival Grand Jury Prize na 2024 kuma ya bibiyi abubuwan da masu fasahar kasar Yukren ke fuskanta a yayin mamayewar da Rasha ta ke yiwa Yukren a yanzu.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fienberg |first=Daniel |date=2024-01-27 |title='Porcelain War' Review: Intimate Reflection on Making Art in Wartime Ukraine Is Beautiful but Frustrating |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-reviews/porcelain-war-review-ukraine-1235808683/ |access-date=2024-01-28 |website=The Hollywood Reporter |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-26 |title=Sundance's top prizes go to 'In the Summers' and 'Porcelain War' |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/movies/story/2024-01-26/sundance-2024-top-prizes-in-the-summers-porcelain-war |access-date=2024-01-28 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-26 |title='In the Summers' and 'Porcelain War' win top prizes at Sundance Film Festival |url=https://apnews.com/article/sundance-film-festival-2024-awards-10e1779991f77586267d6882dd1b19c9 |access-date=2024-01-28 |website=AP News |language=en}}</ref> Shirin ya fara fitowa a fadin duniya a bikin fina-finai na Sundance na 2024, inda ya lashe kyautar Grand Jury na gasar cin kyautar fina-finan gaskiya na Amurka. A bikin kyautar yabo na 97th Academy an zabe shi a matsayin Fim din gaskiya na musamman <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Roka |first=Les |date=24 January 2024 |orig-date=January 24, 2024 |title=Sundance 2024: Porcelain War is extraordinary testament in new frame of documentary filmmaking about war combat, indispensable presence of art |url=https://www.theutahreview.com/sundance-2024-porcelain-war-is-extraordinary-testament-in-new-frame-of-documentary-filmmaking-about-war-combat-indispensable-presence-of-art/ |website=The Utah Review}}</ref> == Labari == Yakin Porcelain ya bada labarin Slava Leontyev, Anya Stasenko, da Andrey Stefanov a lokacin yakin a Yukren. Dukansu sun shiga aikin soja na Yukren, <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Roka |first=Les |date=24 January 2024 |orig-date=January 24, 2024 |title=Sundance 2024: Porcelain War is extraordinary testament in new frame of documentary filmmaking about war combat, indispensable presence of art |url=https://www.theutahreview.com/sundance-2024-porcelain-war-is-extraordinary-testament-in-new-frame-of-documentary-filmmaking-about-war-combat-indispensable-presence-of-art/ |website=The Utah Review}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFRoka2024">Roka, Les (24 January 2024) [January 24, 2024]. </cite></ref> kuma Slava yana aiki a matsayin mai horar da harbin bindiga. Ko da yake yakin yana ci gaba, Slava da Anya sun kirkiro siffofi na porcelain don turjiya ga yakin. Fim din ya jaddada manufar fasaha a lokacin rikici da kuma soyayya ga kasa.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Small |first=Courtney |date=2024-01-23 |title=Porcelain War Review: The Fragile Nature of Conflict |url=https://povmagazine.com/porcelain-war-review-the-fragile-nature-of-conflict/ |access-date=2024-01-27 |website=POV Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref> Sautin fim din ya ƙunshi kiɗa ta ƙungiyar Ukrainian Folk / ethno-chaos DakhaBrakha wanda ya ba da cikakken faifan su don fim ɗin tare da wani sashin sunyi wasa na kai tsaye a yayin daukan fim din. Daukan fim din ''Yakin Porcelain'' sun haɗa da kasashen Yukren da kuma rushe-rushe da makamai masu linzami suka haifar.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Roka |first=Les |date=24 January 2024 |orig-date=January 24, 2024 |title=Sundance 2024: Porcelain War is extraordinary testament in new frame of documentary filmmaking about war combat, indispensable presence of art |url=https://www.theutahreview.com/sundance-2024-porcelain-war-is-extraordinary-testament-in-new-frame-of-documentary-filmmaking-about-war-combat-indispensable-presence-of-art/ |website=The Utah Review}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFRoka2024">Roka, Les (24 January 2024) [January 24, 2024]. </cite></ref> 2pbwd2sdwcyk35sin213uehj1n0l2xj 826634 826633 2026-04-26T10:50:45Z Uncle Bash007 9891 826634 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''''Porcelain War''''' (Yukren: «Порцелянова війна», rumanci: Portselianova viyna) fim ne na gaskiya na 2024 wanda Brendan Bellomo da Slava Leontyev suka bada umurni. Fim din ya lashe lamban yabo na Sundance Festival Grand Jury Prize na 2024 kuma ya bibiyi abubuwan da masu fasahar kasar Yukren ke fuskanta a yayin mamayewar da Rasha ta ke yiwa Yukren a yanzu.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fienberg |first=Daniel |date=2024-01-27 |title='Porcelain War' Review: Intimate Reflection on Making Art in Wartime Ukraine Is Beautiful but Frustrating |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-reviews/porcelain-war-review-ukraine-1235808683/ |access-date=2024-01-28 |website=The Hollywood Reporter |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-26 |title=Sundance's top prizes go to 'In the Summers' and 'Porcelain War' |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/movies/story/2024-01-26/sundance-2024-top-prizes-in-the-summers-porcelain-war |access-date=2024-01-28 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-26 |title='In the Summers' and 'Porcelain War' win top prizes at Sundance Film Festival |url=https://apnews.com/article/sundance-film-festival-2024-awards-10e1779991f77586267d6882dd1b19c9 |access-date=2024-01-28 |website=AP News |language=en}}</ref> Shirin ya fara fitowa a fadin duniya a bikin fina-finai na Sundance na 2024, inda ya lashe kyautar Grand Jury na gasar cin kyautar fina-finan gaskiya na Amurka. A bikin kyautar yabo na 97th Academy an zabe shi a matsayin Fim din gaskiya na musamman <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Roka |first=Les |date=24 January 2024 |orig-date=January 24, 2024 |title=Sundance 2024: Porcelain War is extraordinary testament in new frame of documentary filmmaking about war combat, indispensable presence of art |url=https://www.theutahreview.com/sundance-2024-porcelain-war-is-extraordinary-testament-in-new-frame-of-documentary-filmmaking-about-war-combat-indispensable-presence-of-art/ |website=The Utah Review}}</ref> == Labari == Yakin Porcelain ya bada labarin Slava Leontyev, Anya Stasenko, da Andrey Stefanov a lokacin yakin a Yukren. Dukansu sun shiga aikin soja na Yukren, <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Roka |first=Les |date=24 January 2024 |orig-date=January 24, 2024 |title=Sundance 2024: Porcelain War is extraordinary testament in new frame of documentary filmmaking about war combat, indispensable presence of art |url=https://www.theutahreview.com/sundance-2024-porcelain-war-is-extraordinary-testament-in-new-frame-of-documentary-filmmaking-about-war-combat-indispensable-presence-of-art/ |website=The Utah Review}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFRoka2024">Roka, Les (24 January 2024) [January 24, 2024]. </cite></ref> kuma Slava yana aiki a matsayin mai horar da harbin bindiga. Ko da yake yakin yana ci gaba, Slava da Anya sun kirkiro siffofi na porcelain don turjiya ga yakin. Fim din ya jaddada manufar fasaha a lokacin rikici da kuma soyayya ga kasa.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Small |first=Courtney |date=2024-01-23 |title=Porcelain War Review: The Fragile Nature of Conflict |url=https://povmagazine.com/porcelain-war-review-the-fragile-nature-of-conflict/ |access-date=2024-01-27 |website=POV Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref> Sautin fim din ya ƙunshi kiɗa ta ƙungiyar Ukrainian Folk / ethno-chaos DakhaBrakha wanda ya ba da cikakken faifan su don fim ɗin tare da wani sashin sunyi wasa na kai tsaye a yayin daukan fim din. Daukan fim din ''Yakin Porcelain'' sun haɗa da kasashen Yukren da kuma rushe-rushe da makamai masu linzami suka haifar.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Roka |first=Les |date=24 January 2024 |orig-date=January 24, 2024 |title=Sundance 2024: Porcelain War is extraordinary testament in new frame of documentary filmmaking about war combat, indispensable presence of art |url=https://www.theutahreview.com/sundance-2024-porcelain-war-is-extraordinary-testament-in-new-frame-of-documentary-filmmaking-about-war-combat-indispensable-presence-of-art/ |website=The Utah Review}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFRoka2024">Roka, Les (24 January 2024) [January 24, 2024]. </cite></ref> == References == jui8l2j8k8scp1n9hby20fbzh2v9ojx 826635 826634 2026-04-26T10:51:03Z Uncle Bash007 9891 826635 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{databox}} '''''Porcelain War''''' (Yukren: «Порцелянова війна», rumanci: Portselianova viyna) fim ne na gaskiya na 2024 wanda Brendan Bellomo da Slava Leontyev suka bada umurni. Fim din ya lashe lamban yabo na Sundance Festival Grand Jury Prize na 2024 kuma ya bibiyi abubuwan da masu fasahar kasar Yukren ke fuskanta a yayin mamayewar da Rasha ta ke yiwa Yukren a yanzu.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fienberg |first=Daniel |date=2024-01-27 |title='Porcelain War' Review: Intimate Reflection on Making Art in Wartime Ukraine Is Beautiful but Frustrating |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-reviews/porcelain-war-review-ukraine-1235808683/ |access-date=2024-01-28 |website=The Hollywood Reporter |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-26 |title=Sundance's top prizes go to 'In the Summers' and 'Porcelain War' |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/movies/story/2024-01-26/sundance-2024-top-prizes-in-the-summers-porcelain-war |access-date=2024-01-28 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-26 |title='In the Summers' and 'Porcelain War' win top prizes at Sundance Film Festival |url=https://apnews.com/article/sundance-film-festival-2024-awards-10e1779991f77586267d6882dd1b19c9 |access-date=2024-01-28 |website=AP News |language=en}}</ref> Shirin ya fara fitowa a fadin duniya a bikin fina-finai na Sundance na 2024, inda ya lashe kyautar Grand Jury na gasar cin kyautar fina-finan gaskiya na Amurka. A bikin kyautar yabo na 97th Academy an zabe shi a matsayin Fim din gaskiya na musamman <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Roka |first=Les |date=24 January 2024 |orig-date=January 24, 2024 |title=Sundance 2024: Porcelain War is extraordinary testament in new frame of documentary filmmaking about war combat, indispensable presence of art |url=https://www.theutahreview.com/sundance-2024-porcelain-war-is-extraordinary-testament-in-new-frame-of-documentary-filmmaking-about-war-combat-indispensable-presence-of-art/ |website=The Utah Review}}</ref> == Labari == Yakin Porcelain ya bada labarin Slava Leontyev, Anya Stasenko, da Andrey Stefanov a lokacin yakin a Yukren. Dukansu sun shiga aikin soja na Yukren, <ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Roka |first=Les |date=24 January 2024 |orig-date=January 24, 2024 |title=Sundance 2024: Porcelain War is extraordinary testament in new frame of documentary filmmaking about war combat, indispensable presence of art |url=https://www.theutahreview.com/sundance-2024-porcelain-war-is-extraordinary-testament-in-new-frame-of-documentary-filmmaking-about-war-combat-indispensable-presence-of-art/ |website=The Utah Review}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFRoka2024">Roka, Les (24 January 2024) [January 24, 2024]. </cite></ref> kuma Slava yana aiki a matsayin mai horar da harbin bindiga. Ko da yake yakin yana ci gaba, Slava da Anya sun kirkiro siffofi na porcelain don turjiya ga yakin. Fim din ya jaddada manufar fasaha a lokacin rikici da kuma soyayya ga kasa.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Small |first=Courtney |date=2024-01-23 |title=Porcelain War Review: The Fragile Nature of Conflict |url=https://povmagazine.com/porcelain-war-review-the-fragile-nature-of-conflict/ |access-date=2024-01-27 |website=POV Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref> Sautin fim din ya ƙunshi kiɗa ta ƙungiyar Ukrainian Folk / ethno-chaos DakhaBrakha wanda ya ba da cikakken faifan su don fim ɗin tare da wani sashin sunyi wasa na kai tsaye a yayin daukan fim din. Daukan fim din ''Yakin Porcelain'' sun haɗa da kasashen Yukren da kuma rushe-rushe da makamai masu linzami suka haifar.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Roka |first=Les |date=24 January 2024 |orig-date=January 24, 2024 |title=Sundance 2024: Porcelain War is extraordinary testament in new frame of documentary filmmaking about war combat, indispensable presence of art |url=https://www.theutahreview.com/sundance-2024-porcelain-war-is-extraordinary-testament-in-new-frame-of-documentary-filmmaking-about-war-combat-indispensable-presence-of-art/ |website=The Utah Review}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFRoka2024">Roka, Les (24 January 2024) [January 24, 2024]. </cite></ref> == References == 6da1y7duq2f3zz3pelan66qo9ds3y84